TUKTHS^COT OB liA, OR THE HISTORY OF THE Moft Noble and Renowned Kingdom NAPLES, With the Dominions therunto annexed, and the L i v e s of all their KINGS. The firft Part By that Famous Antiquary SCIPIO MAZZELLA, MADE ENGLISH ByM'SAMSON LENNARD, HERALD of ARMES. The Second Part Compil'd By f/UtMSS HO WELL Efq ; Who, befides fom Supplements to the Firftpart, drawes on the Threed of the Story to thefe prelent Times, 1654. ILLUSTRATED WITH THE FIGURES OF the Kings, and the Arms of all the Provinces. .—- Vich Jub Rupe micxntem Parthenopem Egrcgiam - LONDON, Printedfor Humphrey Mofeley , and are to be fold at his Shop at the Princes Armes in S. Pads Church-yard, 1654. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE AND H I G H-B ORN PEER IV1L LUA e much of Ferine and no leji of Vice , and were they caft into a Balance one could hardly difcern which Scale wold be traboccant and over- poifing- They are magnificent both in Houfes and Habit, they are free and full of Complement, yet though the Hall be commonly open, the flofet is fliut, though the ftice be un¬ clouded (Fi/o /ciolto ) and free , yet the Heart is clofe and re- fervd : The fame may be fayd of the Mouth and the Hanf when the firft open s wideft the other is clofeft fhut ; They are in their Method of Devotion, pious and charitable, their ftately Temples, and Monafteries demonftrat the one , and their Lazarettos, or Houfes for the Poor do verify the other, fpecially that of Monte defnetd, an Holpital of 60000. Duck¬ ets of yeerly Revenue, whofe Officers upon fom Feftivals go in Gowns of white Sattin. Now, for the mafis of ordinary peeple, as there is a common Saying of EhoUnd , Ingkilterra buona Terra, malaOente, England is a good Country, but the people are bad; lo there is a worfe Saying of the Neapolitan, that it is Vn Taradifo plant at 0 da diaVoli , It is a Paradis pee- pled by Devils ; Indeed the Napolitan according to the qua¬ lity of the Soyl is of a fiery boyling Nature, which makes the Spaniard ride him with a Bitt and a Martingall, he hath as many Whirlwinds in his Brain and quickfands in his Breft, as the French or any other Nation ; Witnels elfe their lun- dry Innovations , for Naples had in two yeel's no lefs then five Kings of feverall Countries, Infomuchthat I have not read of any Politicall Inftrumentfo often out of tune, ha¬ ving had forty popular Revolutions in lefs then four hundred yeers, yet none that brought a %uine with it. Touching this laft Revolution in the yeer i647.itwas the violent’ftofa/?, it was like a Candle burning at both ends, the common peeple were all as mad as if they had bin bit by a worfe thing then the Tarantula : In which Revolution tl/c were fomany prodigious things happend, that were t\]f no:: y \cent , / to the %edder. iw»f ,and don as it wer buc t'other day,they wold be held for meer %o'f’ance% • For it requires a (trong faith to beleive that in fo well a policed Chriftian Citty, lb replenifhd with No¬ bility , Gentry, and Gown-men of all Profeffions as Nap Its is known to be,there fhold be fuch horrid Barbarilmes com¬ mitted ; That this Tumult from a fmall fpark fhold com to be fo huge a fire, from a little fource (hold com to be fuch a rapid Torrent, that from a weak blaft it fhold lo fuddenly com to fuch an impetuous Whirlwind, that it fhold begin with a leone of iioyts ,purfu«d and ended with fo many thou- fands of Mm • That a young barefooted Tatterdemalian Retaylor of Fifh, fhakingoffhis blew Wafcotand red greafy Bonnet, fhold fo fudderily com to have fuch an -afcendenc upon the fpirits of the pceple, as within three or four dayes to govern Naples in chief, and being clad in Cloath of filver to ride fo triumphantly with naked Sword in hand (and his brother as defpicableathingashe in Cloath of gold) atten¬ ded with an Army of fifty thoufand men, and lb march up totheCaftle where the Vice-roy kept his Court, where he forc'd him to grant whatloever he propoled- That in fo ihort a tract of time he fhold mount to fuch a dtjpuiccJl, or rather Impend 1 power for ninedayes together , as to give the Law to Nobility,Gentry^ and Comminalty, that his fingk Warrant fliold have Authority enough to chop off any mans head, to plunder and burn any Palace, wherof there were a bove fixty that became Sacrifices to Vulcan by the fury of the Peeple, which was more raging then the flames of the (we ; Infomuch that it may well be fayd the Napoltcan Ccuck: never foam’d fo much at the mouth before: 'Tis true he was galld with Gabels, which found way from the roots under ground to the tops of Trees upon all forts of Fruit got all thofe Gabels and Taxes to be utterly damn’d, with all other that were impos'd upon the Citty of Naples , and other- places above a hundred years before ; which being done the ficklenefs as well of Fortune as of the common peeple, was nevermore confirm'd then in the handling of this mao, for hiving Lorded k and Signoriz'd in Naples more then ever the great Turk did in ( onflammple for nine daaes (for h e pov'd but a nine dayes Wonder) the centh day he was flain byfo faj-ne pceple that rais’d him , his body was dtaggd up a«d and down the ftreets and hurl'd into a Ditch,his head chopd off and put upon a Pole, which yet the fame peeple tpokout the next day, and wafliing it clean, they Cow'd the head to if again , and perfuming both, they carried him in a for lemn proceflion up anddownthcCicty, with thoufands of Torches and fo buried him in the honorableft way that could be in the great Cathedrall Church. Now in this prodigious Revolution ther wer many things ©fextraordinary remark that are confiderable 5 Firft, it was prophefied by the fiery Mountain Vefuyius hard by, and hy (ftutiko Benmcafa an Aflrologer - Vejuvius gave warning of it fom yeers before, for the great Vor ago or fiery Gulph,of about a mile and a half circuit which rageth in the head of that Mountain, did belch forth greater flakes of fire then ordi¬ nary, the alhes wherof fell thick on the ftreets of Naples , and befides caus'd luch an Earthquake, that the V ice-roy thought it fafer to ly fom nights in the fields at the fign of the Moon, then in his Caftle: Now thefe unufuall motions and expe¬ ctorations of fire in Vefuv'm or Mount $umma y hath bin ah wayes held a prefage of fom popular Infurreftion.Befides, as thefe propbeticall effects furpafs any humane brain, fo did the natural! caufes of thofe horrid Vefuvian fires tranfeend the ca¬ pacity of ? 7 /wy, who in fearching the caufes therof was ftifled bythefmoak,as Jriftotle, another of Natures Secretaries , was fwallow’d by the Sea as he was diving into the caufes of the ebbs and tides therof. Touching Bennicajas prediction, his book is extant wherin he punctually fore-tels that ther fhold be a horrible popular Sollevation in the year 1647. now, this number [even had much to do with this tumult, for it hap- pend in the feVenth month of the yeer, on the /event h day of the month, on the jtVtnth hour of the day, in the feventeentb month of the Duke of ytreos Government, Mafanello had fe- ven Secretaries, and as before, it happend in the year fixteen hundred forty /even. Moreovet it is remarkable how when this Convulfion happend in Naples , it diffus’d it felfby a mi¬ raculous fuddennefs totheremoteft parts of that long King¬ dom, as if it had bin done by intercourfq of Spirits, and the news therof cranfported by a lupernaturall way ; infomup 1 that this Commotion may be fayd to be like a great P' n d frozen over, where if the Ice break in one place it wi 1 dro¬ mon 1 crack all over. Ano- to the Reader. Another thing of remark is, that Do&or M/u-Uo the Kings Protophylitian in Naples (hold make fuch an operative Figg for the FiSher man that fhold fo infatuat him, and by a ftrange kind of Intoxication make him a6t Orlahdo Furtojo. Moreover it is remarkable, how before this, Mafanello ha¬ ving done the work for thepeeple, was fo mod eft that he threw away and toar his Cloth of filverSuit, and taking his Fifher-mans Habit again , fayed, that That Profeflion was lefs troublelbm unto him, as we read of the Mttemphycofifl ( Pj- ?<>^er(jj,who fayd, lhathe did It ad a merrier life hen he to as a Frojr , then V>ben he toas a ’Philo/opber : This of Mafanello s may be layd to be fuch a Metewpbycbofts, and as there is a trick by fubulty of art to blow up a fmall Pill of Paft to the bignes of a Canon bullet,fo by the puff of popular dir,Ma/anello may be (ayd to have Iwcll’d to that hugenefs. Furthermore it is remarkable, that a Ihower of Musket bullets Iholdbefliot byth elBanditi at Mafanelh , and none fhold have power to penetrat his body. Laftly, it is co be admir’d that in fo few months after ( for the Convulsion did not ceafe with Mafanello) there fhold be fo perfed and bloody a civill War twixt N a P^ es and her own Caftles,wherin there happen’d above an hundred Skirmiges, above 80000. bullets were Shot off from Sea and Caftles, & above aooo. from the Citty. It is alio worthy of admira¬ tion what Reverence thepeeple in the rough of their fury did alwaies bear to the Arch-bifhop of Naples the f ommon Father of the Citty, for had it not bin for him, the whole Town in all probability had bin turn’d to a heap of afhes, which (as a world of examples more might be produc’d) may ferve for a pregnant inftance to prove,how avaylable to a ftate the Re¬ verence of the chief Governors of the Church is, for fuppref- fing of llprores ; Now, this Tfeverence is to be Supported by a ftately Gravity and large Revenues accordingly, to oblige the peeple, and draw an aw from them by works of Charity; And where this Revenue with other kind of Gartuitie, fayls ■ farewell all Reverence to the Church. In theenfuing Story the Reader Shall find all thele paffa- ges related, asalioanaccuratview of the whole Country; He alio Shall be acquainted with their Kings, amongft whom he Shall meet with two more memorable then others; a which <7 be Bpijlle, 6tc. which were (harks the Fife, and Philip the Second ; The firft among various Exploits he achiev'd, both m Europe Mm- rica and /ifnc at laft he invaded and conquer dhimielt, in Resigning by a free Spontaneous A& all his earthly Power, PoiTcifions, and fo many Crowns to gain One the more eaiily in the other world, by making himfelf of a mighty Monarch anobfcure M>«A,thattherby he might not only with more convenience ftudy the Theory of Mortification but put it in pratttfe. The fecond is memorable for his clofe and abltruie method of Government, for by his own hand-writings, and out of his privat Clofet in Madrid (where he alwaies mov d as in his Orb) he communicated the beams of his power and commands to the old and new World, as far as the Antipodes, likethe Sun , who though he never ftir from the Ecliptic ,yet out of his luminous Sphere doth ule to difperle his Rayes through the whole Univerfe. To conclude this late Mom Trepidationis in Naples , as alio that of Sici/y, with the utter Revolt of Portugal and commo¬ tions in Catalonia , as alfo the lofs of fo many Towns about Flanders which were given in ranfom for Francis the French King,as likewife the rending away of the county of ‘Ejrsftllon, hath criven lo fhrewd a ' heck, to the Spanifh Monarchy, that fhe isftill a brattling ever fince, having made her fo thin of men at home, and mony abroad, andplungdherinfucha bottomlefs Gulph of debt, that the whole Revenue of Na¬ ples which is above three millions per ann: is fcarceableto pay the OenoTPays, and other banks, their yeerly interelf • And the Spanifh Monarchy is like to continue ftillin this fhaking a- guilh pofture while this fiery ( ordinal fits at the French Helm moving upon the principles of his Predecejjor , who may be fayd to be two fatall F ngins raifd up to unhinge the World. f. H. Sen:fco, non Segnefco. The chief Ingredients that go to the Compofition of this Hiftoricall Survey. I • /T Scituation of the Citty of Naples. [_ II. 1 he names of the fever all Provinces, and the quality of the Country. III. the C ii flames of the Peeple, and the famous men Naples hath fro~ dued. IV^. An account of the Revenues, impofls. Donatives, and other Per- quifits of the Crown. V. A Hijiory oj the Kings 0/ Naples with their Titles and Stile. VI. The names of the Barons with their Armes as alfo of the fpiritHall power. VII. A dijeourfe of the Kingdom of Jerufalem., and how it k appro¬ priated to the Kingdom of Naples, &c. VIII. An exact relation of the procedures of the Spanilh Match with England, &c> IX. The Revolt of Catalonia. X. The Revolt of Portugal. XI. 'the feverall pretentions of Right and Title to the Crown of Portu- gal. XII. The Tumults of Sicily. XIII. The three late horrid Revolutions of Naples. XIV. of the Duke of OITuna Kice-roy of Naples, of his Extravagancies and the Jlrange Articles exhibited againjl Him. XV. The Catajlrophe of Olivares the great Spimjb Favor it, and the caufes of his downfall. XVI. A true Relation of the fufptilfull death of Don Ca rlos Prince of Spain never yet fo much dijcovered to the World. Upon t Upon the C ITT Y O F NAPLES, FIRST CALL’D PARTHENOPE, OR THE V I RG I N-CI T T Y. Salve Parthenope, Decora falve. P Arthenope 3 a Qtty bright as (fold t Or if the Barth could bear a richer z5\4old> Is com to greet Great Britain Queen of lies, nd to exchange Jom Silks for V Vooll, /he [miles To find that Cloath [hold wear and feel fofine <±As do her Grograns, (he doth half repine , That Lemfters Ore, and(fires of fallow’d Qrafs 1 be leafs of Mulberries )holdfofurpafs fVhicb fo abound in Her , with emery thing , ( bring Which Pleafure, Wealth, or Wonderment can That Nature feems toJlrive whom (he J,holdpleafe Herfelf, or Vs, with rare Varieties. There , her own Bawd to be^fhe may be fayed , .Srituation l of Calabriainancient times, 49.Saint ZAo- ' mar Apoflle,and his body, where they arc, 71. St.Era/mwr which appears to Seafaring men, ibid. Seffa a citie, and why fo called,8 Siccardo Duke of Bene«nto,i9.Sea-compafs, whofe Invention, 27. T. T Ancred fourth King of Naples ,145- Ta¬ ranto a chief citie, 62. Temple Flariano, 20. Temple of Juno in Baftlicata, 45. Titles of dignity ufed by the Kings of this king¬ dom, 181. Tower of the Grecian and of the Annunciata, 11 .Totila King of the Golhes, 19. Troy of Puglia, by whom built,92. Tre- miti,anciently called the 'Diomedean Iflands, 0?. Traierto, 7. Tranie, a citie. 67 V Xjriefli a defiroyed citie, 89. Volturnus a Ri- V ver, 8. Vniverfity of Salerno by whom founded, 3 1 W. W ines and Oyls made in the land of tc- von, 5. Woods which are in. the King¬ dom. A A Colle&ion of the prime Materials that go to the ftrudturc of the fecond part of the Hi- ftory of the Kingdom of Naples , with the additions to the firft. > Lphonfo Duke of Calabria , made Knight of the Englilh Gar¬ ter in policy In Epift. ded. _ A flrange Prediftion of Bcnin- cafa before the lafl tumults in Naples, In proem. A rare obfervation in the number feven ib. The Advantage which a due reverence to the Church carrieth with it to a State, In proem. An Abridgment of the expeditions and ex¬ ploits of Clur/r thefifr jol.a Of Don Antonio of Portugal 8 Of Antonio Fere , tb. A crofs Alliance betwixt France and Spain, 25 A relation of the marriage betwixt them at the confines ib. A Letter from the lad King of France to his new Queen, with her an I wer ad A Treaty of a match betwixt Prince Charts and the Infanta of Spa n The Arrival of the (aid Prince in Spain, and the circumftances ib. A high Speech of Olivares at the Princes coming ’b. Another Speech of Oondamars 27 An Appearance of the Infanta two dales af¬ ter in publick,with a blew ribond about her arm that the Prince might difiinguifh her >b. A cenfure of the Englilh that came with the Prince ib. A notable fay ing of Archy ib. A high palhon fhewed by the Prince to the Infanta ib. A civil anfwer by the Prince to the Pcpes complement 28 A difereet anlwer to another Speech of the King of Spains 28 The/ 4 moroK< parting of the King of Spain and the Prince ib. An Infcriprion thereupon *9 A Rupture of the Spanilh match 31 A Libel againft Spain 3 + A pithy, but puntSual Relation of the late prodigious Revolutions in Naples,and how it was fupprefied 44 Aretius Jeft, of the Neapolitan 62 B B Acchus hath his Inner-Cellar in Maples In proem • The Battel ofS.Quinten on S. Laurence's day 7 The Battering Canons heard from Calais rt> Antwerp 6 Boccolini had his bones crulhed by baggsof fand,whereof he died 24 Buckingham the breakneck of the Spanifli tnatch 29 Buckingham, Olivares, and Briftol clalh one with another ib. Buckingham makes ufe of the Parlament to break the march 37 Buckingham not beloved in Spain 30 Bp what reafons one may conclude the Spa¬ niard did really intend a match with England ib. Briftol and Ajfhtcn like to clalh about a Letter fenr from the Prince iA. The Bold fpirit of young dsn Carlos, Philip the fecoiid’s fon exemplified 17 Buckinghams parting Ipcech to Olivares 29 Olivares hisAnfwer ib. Olivares forced to part covertly from the 'Court of Spain betwixt two Jcfuits 59 C 'J'He Caufe of the Dedication of this work to the Marquis of Hartford, in Epift. Ceres and Bacchus drive for maftery in Na¬ ples inproem. Cotnparifons of the laft tumults in Naples, in proem, A Comparifon of Philip the fecond, in proem. A Charallcr of Charts the fifth 1 Charts the fifth, firft of the Auftrians, who mounted the Neapolitan courfer ib. Some Critical cenfures upon Charts the fifths reflations 4 The ConqUeft of Fortugal, the laft great ex¬ ploit of Philip the fecond j 2 The Clofe illegible countenance of Philip the fecond 18 A Comparifbn betwixt them of Milan and Naples 24 A Contrail betwixt home and Naples at Del¬ phi's ib. A Char alter of theCottnr of Olivares the great favorir 60 The fad Cataftrophe of him ib. * 2 His & An Alphabetical Table. His witty Speech touching the Queen of Spain A Chauffer of the Neapolitans 61 Conde de CaftriUo, prefent Viceroy of Naples, lielpt to put down Olivares ho D T He Dutch) of Calabria compared to Na¬ ples in point of fertility in proem. The Duke of Alva, though in difgrace, yet employed for the conqueft of Portugal by Philip the fecond 7 Don Alonso de Vargas redueeth Saragexa 9 The Duke of Parma's proteftation at his en « trance into France ib. A witty Dialogue betwixt Almanfor, King of Granada and Naples 22 Of the nature of the Neapolitan horfe 122 The difference betwixt Rome and Naples 24 D on Oajpar de Gufman, firft favoritof this King of Spain Don Philip the fecond thought robe accef- fary to Efcovedos death 18 An Apology for the extraordinary aftions ofKings ib. Don Lewis de Haro, the prefent fayorit of Spain, Olivare s nephew 60 Donna Maria the Infanta caufed Mafs to be fungforthe Prince his good voyage to England jo Don Balthafar the young Prince, helped to put down Olivares 55 Donna Anna de Guevara her wife fpeecli witl( another of the Queens 58,59 E E ’ Arthquakts and incendiums in Naples , j and their caufe , ; in proem. The Expeditions of Charts the Emperor 2 The Exploits of Charts the Emperor ib. Examples produced of the admirable temper of Philip the fecond j j Examples of his piety tb Examples of his charity , - Of Efcovedo, Secretary to don John j g The Expulfitm of the Moors from Spain 10 The motives which induced Philip the third to banifh them The English Ambaflador gave the firft advice ofan intended infurreftion of the Moors ib. An Epitaph put on Mafanetlo £rafo,a great wife mart. Secretary to Charts the fifth An Elogium of Charts the fifth The Extraordinary policy of Philip ,he fe- cond,to fupprefs the dangerous infurre*. on of Sarago^a g F F Rench compared with the Neapolitan „• „. in proem. Five Kings of feveral Nations in Naples in < , , in proem. Forty feveral Revolutions in Naples in a (hort ‘! me 1 . ^ proem. Fortune being a woman, loves youth beft France the greateft one knot of ftrenetha- againft Spain 6 The Fleet 88. ^ The Four Afts for which Philip the fecond was cenfured 18 The Fare betwixt Naples and Sicily 44 Filomarini, the Archbilhop of Naples , from utter deftruftion 49 Firft Foundrefs of Naples was a young Greci¬ an Lady < 5 o The Formidable infurreftions of Naples fup- prefled principally by yonug Von John of Auffria 5 6 G Reat works of charity in Naples, in proem. The greateff conqueft Charts the Emperpr made,was of himfclf in proem. Of the Gout 2 The Guyfards take Calais on Chriftmas day from the Englifh 6 Gtmvino.an old Pricft and cunning fellow, made Mafanelto's chief privy Counceller 47 The Duke of Guije comes from Rome to Na¬ ples , the people entertain him for their General, and is treated with highnefs- 55 Young Don John of Auffria rakes him prifo- ner, and fends him to Spain 57 The Duke of Guifi breaks out of prifon in Madrid, and is taken again at VUIoria, but releafed by the mediation of Conde 5 5 The Lord Goring doth notable fervice in Ca¬ talonia 5 7 Grandees of Spain curbed by Olivares ib. Gennaro the next great Rebel to Mafenedo executed ib. H iyHe Heriot and Rent which Naples paies * yearly to the Pope in proem. The HijUry of Naples never brought to Eng¬ land till now in proem. How Francis tile firft was taken prifon in J- . j Tht Hearts of Kings, as their waies fbould befometimes infcrutable 18 Henry the fixth of England compared with Philip the third of Spain 2[ Henry the fourth of France compared to a barber How he fhaved Philip the fecond while Q. Eliy. held the bafen jj>. How Philip the fecond rid the Neapolitan Courfer off his leggs ib. The Hazardous night-plot of Don John, and how it took wonderful! fuccefs for redu¬ cing of Naples • Henry the eight, Protestor of tile Duke of Calabria, j„ Epiji-ded. Henry de Gufman, Olivares Lafiard, his legend I 59 JNhabitanrs of Naples have the face open , the heart fhut inproem. The Inconffancy of rile vulgar in proem. The Infurrellion of Aragon 8 The Infurretlion of Sicily under the Mar- quifs de los Velcx ,4 The hideous InfurreSlion of Naples a little af¬ ter itj D. John of Auffria arives at Naples, where he doth notable exploits, and redueeth the Vm John compoferh the tumults of Sicily ij He takes Barcelona with the help of the Lord JL An Alphabetical Table. Lord Goring 57 An Inhuman piece of vilany difeovered in Naples ib. Julian Valcafar, Olivares Eaftard 59 Inducements to believe that the Spaniards did really intend a match with England 3 ° An Italian libel engliflied 36 Julian Valcafar, bafe fon to Olivares, changes his name to Don Henry de Oufman 59 K THeKifing°f Mafanello in proem. * King of Spains vaft expences in the Bel¬ gians wars 7 Kings of Spain might have hid their Palaces with gold, had it not been for thofe wars 7 King Philip the fecond’s wife fpcech in his ficknefs .. >* Another to his fon when he left him the bloudy whip * ib. Another when he took the extream unction •J Another when he was expiring ib. King Philips Epiflles called el prudente,bj the Conclave ib. King Philip the third was the firft Prince of all Spain J 5 Of Ratjcinrde Media 60 The King of Spain excommunicated every year by the Pope 6a The King himfelf clears Olivares of any fault 59 The Kings Phifician, Maycdo, gives Mafanel¬ lo a figg at a banquet 5 ° King Philip a great reverencer of the Church 16 King of Spain and Prince of Wales take mu¬ tual oaths for performance of Articles 28 L T He Lazaretto in Naples that hath 60000 crownsin annual Rent, in proem. The Legend of Philip the fecond’s life 6 The League of France ,a Hydra of many heads 9 The Legend of Vhilip the third of Spain 19 A clafh betwixt him and Critoval de Mora, when his father was a dying 15 A notable Lihclagainft the Spanilh govern¬ ment in Italy 23 The Lamentation of Naples for the tyranny of the Spaniards 34 The Letter which the King of Spain writ to the Duke of Bragan%a,upon the revolt of Portugal 4 2 The Letter which the Duke of Braganopa wri t in anfwer ib Of the Duke of Lerma 90 Lemfiers Ora compared with Naples Silk in proem. In L uniginiana three Marquiflcs were found upon one rree eating figgs to preferve them from flarving da D. Le»» de Ham Olivares his Nephew, now favotit of Spain 59 M M Anna, and excellent medicinal baths in Naples in proem. Mafaneflo as porent in Naples as the Turk in Conftanlinople ' in proem. Mafaaedo a nine daies wonder inpto'tn. Majar.elto fliakcs eff his cloth of filver fifit, and takes again his fifhermanshabit in proem. M afanello compared to puff part in proem Tile Meditation of lieavcn the beft Philofo* . phy 3 The Marriage betwixt M ary of England, and Philip of Spain 6 Mary of England thought to be pregnant, be¬ ing ftekofa Tympany ib, Mary a dozen years older then Philip ib. The wife mariner induced Cf. Ehz.. to refute part of France 9 The main policy of the Spaniards in Italy , is to joyn Napier and Milan 2$ The mighty Ioffes the Spaniard hath recei¬ ved by the revolt of Portugal 45 M afanello firft followed by the boyes 4 s Then by men ibid- He (hakes off his filters flop, and goes clad in cloth of filver, his wife, brother, and children in cloth of gold 43 Heprognofticateshisdcarli 52 More Nobles in Napier then anywhere clfe 62 N N Aples the darling of Nature in proem. Of the Neapolitan horfc in proem. A notable faying of Sever us the Empetor at fork. 2 A Notable faying of Henry the fourth of France ib. A Notable faying of Charts the Emperor, when he rook Francis prifoocr 3 The Notable fpeech of Charts the Emperor ac hisrelignation ip. Another Notable faying of Charts about his Secretary Erafo ib. A Notable frying of Ferdinand the Emperor ib. Naples the firft Kingdom palled over 10 Phi¬ lip from his father 5 A Notorious frying of Philip the fecond ib. A Notable faying of an old Captain to Charts the Emperor ib. ANotaMefayingof Philip the fecond 7 A Notable Letter of King Philip to Aragon 8 The Notable fpeech made upon the news of King Philip tbe feconds death 14 Notable Speeches of Mafanello to the people and Viceroy 49 Naples a bawd to her fclf n proem. Naples called firft in OHavians time 60 A Notable Story of a Neapolitan Courfcr fine Henry the fourth 6 1 Nap/« feudetary to Kme 62 The Neapolitan full of npblefriendfhip 6t T He Ocean outfweld once by tbe Tyber in proem. The ftrange operation of an Italian fig upon Mafanello in proem. Of the two French Cardinals in proem. Oran reduced by Mendoza 9 Offuna, a little man, but of a mighty fpirir, Viceroy of Napier 31 The Odd Articles exhibited againft him 32 How he ufed the Courtefans of Napier lb. How he made a frivolous expencefull war againft the Venefians 31 Haw he ufed a Barber (having his wife the Durchefs An Alphabetical Table. Dutchefs 33 How he kept a Morifco Courtefan , and got a bailard of her .34 How he was out voittei by Cardinal Borgia, whofucceeded him 3 1 How he was fent prifoner to Spain , his wifes high language, and his ©wn to the King The C. of Ognate, Viceroy of Naples $4 He comports bimfclf with extraordinary prudence and fuccefs Of Olivares his baftard 52 0 / a horrid Tragedy in the City of N ocera 6 1 Olivares never gave audience to women do tree from corruption! and indefatigable in the Kings fervice < 4 . S t. Peters eve the King of Spain a Heriot, and an annual rent to the Pope in proem. A Proverb of Naples in proem. A Proverb of Angland ' inproem. A Thilofophical digreflion . 1 Our Pajfions our greateft foes • Penion de Velez co nquered by Mendoza l o A PunSlual relation of the education of the Prince Don Carlos 1 6 Another of his ficknefs »7 Another of his death t 7 The Pope prejudiced by the nearnefs of fo potent a neighbour as the Spaniard 2? The Prince of Sanza beheaded at Naples 40 The fubtile way how he was furprifed in .Rome at Mafs >b. Tuzzolo thegreatBandito is rewarded for the Aft ib. A Portentous accident hapned in St about the Tercet as, how a newlfland popp’d up out ofthe Sea 43 Terrene, the notorious Eandito hanged by Mafanello 5 * Tarthenope, the firfl name of Napier do The Parlamevt of England cryed up by the people in the ftrects of Napier S3 A Parallel betwixt Rome and Naples 24 A Qucflion whether vertue or vice reigns moft in Napier in proem. Queen Eliz . offered a part of France in the rime of the League 9 Pineries made into the life 0/ Olivares the grand favorit of Spain 41 The crofs winds which blew upon Spain all the time of his Government, with a re¬ capitulation of all her Ioffes 40 His way to endear the Duke of Braganza un¬ to the King ib. The too much confidence he had of Portu¬ gal, and the high anfwer he fent the Dut¬ chefs of Savoy, then Vice-Queen there 41 A Queftion made by Braganza , whether he fhould accept of the Grown of Portugal, but excited thereunto by his wife ib- Her notable Speech ib. The Quarrel betwixt the Spaniard and Por¬ tugal, flated in point of right of fucceffi- on 43 The Queen the greateft caufe of Olivares downfall ■ 5 3 A clalh betwixt the Osteen and the faid Oli¬ vares ib. Queries how the Spaniard got firft footing in Italy 2 j R R Ome ftirunk into a Pigmie’s skin from what fhe was in the proem. Rome ftill Lady Paramount of Naples in the proem. The Refignation which Charts the Emperor made to his fon 2 Of the Retirednefs ef Philip the fecondof Spain 4 The Reward which Spain gave a Politician M The Rejlitution of thofe Jewels the Prince left in Spain for the Infanta, notwirhftan- ding the breach of the Treaty jt The Reign of this King of Spain lefs fuccef- full then of his Prediceffors 58 The firft Race of the Neapolitans 60 A Remarkable ftory of the Marquifs Oliverio 61 A Remarkable ftory of the Neapolitan re¬ venge ib. The Revenues of Naples above three milli¬ ons yearly in proem. Not able to pay the King of Spains iritereft to Genoa ibifL A Relation of the revolt Of Portugal 41 Rome hath more men , and Naples more peo¬ ple; Rome hath more Comendams, and Napier more Cavaliers 24 S "pHe Sulphuriotu quality of the Soil, caufe of the fertility of Naples in proem. A Saying of Pythagoras in proem. The shaking condition of the Monarchy of Spain inproem. Self conquejl the greateft victory 2 The Strange carnage of a Spanilh Captain towards King Philip the fecorid 1 5 A Strange opinion the Spaniards had of the Englifh lti.ee they dferted Rome 20 The Spanifh Ambaffadors plot againft Buck¬ ingham in £ ngland 37 The Subtil information which they gave King James againfl him 37 The Solemn complaint which Sir Walter Ajhton made in Spain againft the faid Am, baffidor 3 g The whole plot detefled in the faid com¬ plaint The Spanijh Ambaffadors infleadof punifh- ment, are rewarded ib. Spain and England break cut into a (hort war ib. Seven Sccretariesattended Mafanello 50 A Strange Tale of a Neapolitan horfe to¬ wards his rider fit A ftrange Story of Olivares his baftard 59 A Saying of Olivares at his fall do I Hi* Tumults of Mafanello like a candle A burning at both ends in proem. The Conquefl of the Philippine Iflands by Philip thefecond j 0 The fuccefles of this world compared ib. I be difafters of Philip the fecond ib. The ill fucceffes of Meftogan ib. The An Alphabetical Table. the ill fuccefs at for Oelucs tb. The ill fucccfs at Or Hindi ** The ill fuccefs at Ooletta d' Tumi tb. Tke notable temper of Philip the fecond ib. 'Ike grounds that Philip rile fecond preten¬ ded for invading of England ib. The ill offices which t/i<. did Philip of Spain *b. The dilafler of the invincible Spanilh Arma¬ da h 8 . The raking of Calcs by the Earl of EJfez ib. The tragical end of MtfaneHo 52 Two pound of brains found in Olivares skul when he was opened do A huge Temptjl role when he was going to be bnried • ib. V M Ore Viciffitudes in Naples then in any other Country inpnem. Vejuvius fires prophetical in proem. Dc Valdes gets plorida from the trench 10 The Vera made by Philip the fecond to build the Efcurial 7 The Vaftnefs of that building being called the eight wonder of the world 14 A Very great clalh in Naples betwixt theDuke of Matalo ne, and the Prince of San^a 40 Vafconcellos the Portugal Secretary murther- cd Viceroy Ognatc did notable fervice in Naples do I Viceroy of Naples , the Duke of Area's re¬ proached by young Don John of Aupia , 55 An Vniverfal fadnefsin Spain for the breath of the match with England 31 W THe WUnder/affprogrefs of Mafanelk fn a 1 few dates in proem. The Witchcraft of the Mahumetan 10 Wife layings of Philip the fecond upon fun- dry occaftons 14 His Wife comportment towards an ir.folent Captain 14 Hi; Wonderfull temper ib. Of the four Wives of Philip the fecond id His Wife comportment and fayings upon the death of his eldcll fon 17 A Wife Speech ef Charts the Emperour, concerning Kings id Another touching Spain and England 2b A Wife Speech of this King of Spains Nurfe 58 Wares extraordinary that Olivares had to en¬ rich himfclf 57 Wales extraordinary to raife the King mo¬ ney ib. Sir Walter Afhtons memorial to the King of Spain for the mifearriage of hi* AmbafTa- dors in England 37 Wife waies which Philip the fecond had to decide controverfics 1 < "'I *• • ; JtT !o hs&rfq!/ 1 rA' - J Mil , K>XW'H tiWSWh' > ■ ■■•■* • A gaaot i n< 4 I* ./ -'* ' -li ' -r.^c nj j .i’,y a A . • •> * {•*'•*■ » • • ■• bu. -sJ} vr > / ‘ . i • rjr. fj-jj' u- wiw t.jit * -• ^ Ui 1 t r! s.u;!-.t-.W r ?! ■J'.I'I* •'•> ■V'lli'i i«L ■ 0'(4iw fry. tu >*« .> t.'.J *vl • > . . or i & . ». . Yn'iW...' r -♦ ; . feiitU’'? i > ‘Wf;:3ili>v) is :,u. it « f - • • : vUl-ii — > i.-A ; :»;*<; • , • • .-M C-: ' i’- 1 . , -nW HtiH l iflJl (:i ; t. ' f .’Sld \o i; ■ * ■ -j- v Zt*t :»■ 61 i'r J m ■’ • ..i l aoir-U i ■ ttMailingst* : :.--i Vj'j. arb no^ i ij*i •. •. •; »1 - J A\ V* • • ■ ;. >f> 7 imva\r'£ . ....Vi • - J - - k* ■ .} h * v s n \ ayJ.r x. *gm>i [ii ■\ •:. <•. 3 . nx JO9:-^ ,■: i rtXti \e ' * fcrt»&§n ; '(f fo -T 'TV** V'liW*' li l „.I Lr.".... aril .... i *1:.fvwl - • • ■/■?** Vi 1 '* 1 i*i id . ... I THE DESCRIPTION • OF THE KINGDOM O F He Ki ngdom of Naples , otherwife called the Great Sicilia which from Faro lieth as it were almoft an Ifland inclofed with three Seas, the Tirren Jonianpxndi Adriatic hath in circuit a. thoufand four hundred and twenty miles, being accounted only by land from the mouth of the River 'Ofent to that of Tronto, a hundred and fifty miles. Thefe two Rivers, the one runneth into the Tirren , the other — - -- into the Adriatick. Seas, where are contained, befides a little part which there remaineth of Latinm , many Regions which the people of the Country call for their greatnefs, Provinces, the which ('according to the divifi- on made by the Emperor Frederick, the fecond, by King Charts the firft i by Kin® Alfonfus the firft , by the Catholick King , a.-id by Don Ferdmandothc Catholick King) are thefe. The Land'of Lavoro, the Principality on this fide, the Principality on the; other fide. Baft Heat a , Calanria on this fide, Calattria on the ocher fide the Land of Otranto , the Land of Bary 1 Abrazaao on this fide , Abfuzxa on the other fide, the County of Mglife , and Capitanata There are alfo adjacent unto the laid Kingdom, under every Province, certain Iflands very near lying round about as in the Tirren Sea, direftly againft Terracim, and at Gaeta are and Panda- na, now called- Palmanla, by called Pandatena, and by Strabo,- Pandria and Bandana , and diredly againft Mala Palmofa is Parthenope , fo called by Ptolomj, ® , now Vfent is a Ri- ver near the City ofAnfure^ now called Terracina for the rough nefs thereof:! t was builded by An fur us the fon of Jupiter* The Provin¬ ces of the Kingdom of Naples. The Hiflory of the Set Virgil in the end of the fifth Book of /.Eneid'is , where he faith, Jamque adeo fcopulos fyrenum^c. The Ifles of Diomcdes, cal¬ led by Corne¬ lius Tacitus in his4 book Trimerus. The praifeof the Kingdom. Men and wo¬ men endued with divers Sciences. St.Thortutf A- quinus , fee lib* of Metheora t Turiaxa Country of Calauria, anci¬ ently called Metauros. Marinus flo- ri filed in the time of the Emperor Ha- drian,and writ many qnefli- ons of Philo- fophy,as Suida noreth. See Stafius in the end of his g Book to Claudia. now commonly called Bentetiene, and agaisift Ponzuolo is If chin, which anciently had three names, Inarime, Pitacufe, and Enaria. There are near Ifchia, Prochita, and the Me Nejft , the one now called Procita, and the other Nifna. There is againft the Cape of Minerva, the Me Capri, and Sirenujfe diredly againft Paffltano, which are two little Ifles, the one called Gale, the other St. Peter. Oppofite to Tropeia and to Ricadi, are the Mes Eolie , which were only inhabited by the Lipari, which compaffeth fixteen miles, all the reft are folitary and defert,and retain alfo the anci¬ ent names of Stromboli, and Vulcan, from whence continually arifeth fire and fmoke- In the AdriatickS-oak are Rajato, and Gargano, diredly againft Varrano , and the four Mes of Diomcdes, which now by one name are called ‘Eremite , which are but little ; but of the two greater, the firft is called St. Mary of Eremite, the other St. Doimo, “and The two leffer , the one Gatizaeo, and the other Capara. Thefe are the Mes of any name, except the Rocks which are comprehended in the Confines of the Kingdom of Naples. This fortunate and great Realm exceedeth all other Kingdoms, not only by reafon of the fituation , lying in the midft of the fifth Cli¬ mate, whiclysheld the moft temperate part of the world , but alfo for the great a- bun&nce of all good things, being not any thing to be defired , which is not there to be found, of to great perfedion, and in fo great plenty. It is Inhabited by peo¬ ple fo warlike and generous, that herein it gives place not to any other Country I will not fay only of Italy, but of all the world befides; being a thing well known to all men, that the moft valiant Nations, the Piligni, the S amniti the Mar ft the F rent ant , being fo well known in the Wars of Archidamm, and of Cleommus the Spartan of Agntocles the Sicilian, of Alexander the Epirote, of Pyrrhus of MoloC- fus and Hanniball of Carthage, and in the civil Wars of f alius C*far and Pompey and other Romans, thefe People have valiantly demeaned themfelves, and in latter times have alfo declared their proweffe , and manifefted every one their noble afts in the Wars which they had agamft Alericus and Tenia , ancient enemies of thefe noble Provinces. This happy Kingdom hath alfo produced excellent wits in all Learning and wifdom, as in Ph.lofopby, tAtfiojfenes, Architas, and Euritus of Ta- remtm, Ftlolous, Aremeones, Telauges, tArifteus, and Rodtppus, born at Cotron An- drodamus of Reggio, Parmenides, Zenon,tmd Leucippo of Scalea, Hippafus of Meta- pont, Pythagoras, Timeo. Xenon, Filodamus, and E net us of Locrfs, a Country wome out with antiquity; 0 cel us of Lucania, Stratonicus of Cuma, St. Thomas of A- eputn : Neareft to this our age, the light of all Learning was born at Naples • and of a ™re later tune Auguflin, Nifus of Seffa, and Simon Portias a Neapolitan, neither will I conceal the glory of the Poets and Orators which have honoured this King dom Enmus , an ancient Poet was of the Country of Puglia Rudt.t Luctllns of IWw a Tragical Poet of Brindeje, Venofamvp boaft for bringing forth Horace, ■ as alio Sulmona Ovid, Regie of Theagmet, lbicus Clec- mmes, and of LodrHekEanfetus a youth, Croton of Orpheus, Turin of Stef,torus a Luuca/Poe-t;, NoU i of St. Paulinas Bifhop, Napes of Athias the Matter of 'Cicero ot I ub. tatws, of Marinus, and excellent Orator and Philofopher Difcipic of /W»;,of PtrcjUus^f r fohn PonimuE jacobus Samiazaco, A ms ter nut of Sa- luJt. Capeaoi Emer Bilhop, an eloquent Orator, and learned Afirologian Attain r -,/k^ v' ld ?/ M . WC i m T‘ ilL T f icerothe ver VMgNningof eloquence This faid Noble Kingdom hath brought forth not only men , but alfo learned women which have been very excellent in Philofophy, as Themiftoclea the fitter ofPithaco- ras, of whom Me learned many notable things, and Damea thedaughter ofthe fame Ptthagoras , ^who fufficently expreffed her learnuig in expounding the difficult opi¬ nions of her Father; no Ids My an and Arignote her (fid daughters, have been ex¬ cellent in the fame profefiion. Artea the daughter of Ariflippus, after the death of riL ™, rr nt .; Uned r V ! a 'Trf m0ft Scully the School, and held the Chair of Philofophy. In the Art of Poetry have been very excellent Peri/U h* Wife of Ovid, Claudia wife of P. Statius Papinius Neapolitan, Violent ilia, wifeof Armtnts Stella Neapolitan Conful, and a famous Poet; Lufcina the daughter of Steficorus, a Poet of Metaurus in Calabria. Apd thofe that were not born in this Kingdom, have efieepied it a place worthy of their life, of their leifore, and oftheir ttudies. 3 Kingdom of 3f: 6 . TheLak eFon* dano. Mammy.' Gacta. Gala ft us fe- cond,Bi(hop of Rome 7 he Hijlory of the thily deferveth all praife for the excellent things that are therein , wherefore it is no marvel if ancient Writers call this the moll beautifull and excellent Region of the world, having a moll temperate and delicate air, and fo fruitfull a Country, that in all times ©f the year there are heard divers and fundry birds to ling. Here in the Springtime, and even in the Corn, where are not fowed, do grow Lillies, Violets, and Rofes of excellent and delicate favour , fo that the earth never ceafeth to bring forth; for which caufe it is commonly faid chat Campania yieldeth molt Oyntment others fay mod Oyle,' being alfo made in Naples the bed and molt excellent Con¬ ferve that may be found, through the great goodnefs of the Rofes. This Country bringeth forth people of an indifferent dature, and of a fair complexion, valorous minded, and very wife both in Councel, andthe managing of worldly affairs, inge¬ nious and apt for learning , and more then meafurably warlike both on foot and horfe, from whence generally appeareth a certain mind to command. Having now declared the fundry benefits and celedial favours of this mod noble Region, I will now handle in particular, where I left at the City of Anfure, now Terracina , in a part of Latium, was founded the City of Fondi , danding placed in the way Appia, twenty miles dillant from Terracina, of Strabo, Pomponius, Mela Situs an Italian , and of Ttolomy called Fondi ; but of Antonins Fonde, the Terri¬ tory whereof bringeth forth excellent Wines, which are much commended of Pli- ny , and of Strabo, and Martial writech, that by any means the Wines of Fondi mud not be differed to wax old. Hac fundana tulit felix autumnus opimi , f Exprefflt mulfumConful, &ipfe bibet. Soterus , Bilhop of Rome , was born in this City , who governed the Church of God 7 years 11 moneths, and 18 daies. This City differed much lofs by Ariadeno Barbaroffa the Turk^, Captain General of the Navy of Soliman Emperor of Turks in the year 1534- at which time all the Citizens that were found therein were made flaves. Palling along towards Formie, on the left fide, is Villa Cafte/loJ torn whence defeended the Roman Emperor Galba , on the right fide appeareth the Lake F u nda- no, called by Pliny,Fundano, although it be written Fandano by feme corrupt wri¬ ters : This faid Lake is fuH of Filhes, and very great Eeles. Five miles from thence remaineth the foundations of the City Mamurri , of whom Horace faith. In Mamurranum laffi deinde urbe manemus. Paffing hence by the rough and dony way Appia, near the mod high deep Moun¬ tains is the Land of A trio, now called Itro, the Country of the Lamury Citizens of Rome, five miles almod, butfomewhat out of the way Appia, on the right hand is Gacta , upon the fhore fo called (as Strabo and Virgil affirm) of tKe Nurfe of tAdneas, which died and was there buried; and although the Gulf of Gaeta , and the drong Rock thereof be diffidently known, and much renowned , efpecially in ancient time, yet was it not a City untill the Saracins dedroyed Formie which was in the year of Chrid 856. and then was the reliques of the worthy St. Erafmus transferred from Formie to Gaeta , and it was by Pope Gregory the 4th made a Bi- (hopsSea. This City was very faithfull to King Ladiflaus, from whom for this caufe it attained many priviledges, and fo drong was the Cadle thereof, that it was held one of the Keys of the Land, and therefore was there alwaies held a’ ftrong Ga- rifon of Soldiers, Gaeta hath alwaies the bell Haven : whiefras Spartianus wnteth was repaired with great cod by Antonius Pius. This City had great honour by Gala ft us fecond, Bilhop of Rome, by that famous Thomas of Vim, of the Order of Preachers General, and after Cardinal of tjie Church R. this excellent man pad to a better life at Rjsme the 9 of Augufl in the year 1534. And moreover about our time fohn Tharcqgnota hath been very famous, whofeHidory is generally known to all. Following on the faid way , there are feen even to Mo/a f which are five miles ) delightfoll Gardens near the crooked Ihore of the Sea under Gaeta, full of green dourilhing Oringes,Lymons,and other pleafant fruits, environed with delight- full 7 Kingdom of <±A T L E S. fall Chriftaline ftreams, yielding much content to the beholders thereof. Proceed¬ ing fomewhat forward, in following the aforefaid pleafant way on the fea-iide, is feen the beautifidl City Mola, built by the ruinesof the ancient City Fermia , now called Ormia, which a little diftance are feen the Foundations oi Forma, built by the Lacoiti (according to Pliny) and was fo called bv the conveniency of the Haven (as Strabo writeth) this ancient City was the habitation of Antiphate King of the Lefirigoni , molt cruel Tyrants. Mala hath very fair and ffuitfull Territories, fome think that Mola was fo named of the Wharfs, or rather of the Mills which are there¬ in turning by the continual'courfe of water which plentifully rifeth front the bot¬ tom of the Hils. In this Country was the fair and delightfull Village Formiana of Scipk and Lelius the true and fiiithfull friends; which afterward was purchafed by (jscero, and throughout all this Country, which is from Mola to the River Ganglia- no, are feen the ruins of great buildings, whereby it may be thought that thofe pla¬ ces in ancient time were much inhabited , being the molt delightfull, pleafant, and froitfull chat the Roman Empire had. After Mola, three miles upon a littleHill, is the Caltle Honor ato, in the way Hercolantea, builded by Honor at ns of Gacta, Coun¬ ty of Fcndy : Not far offis the Hill (jccubo, which ftretcheth to the Gulf of (j*eta\ this Hill is much renowned for the excellency of the Wines thereof, which are much commended by Horace, by Martial and Strabo , following that way towards the mouth of the River Gdrigliano, where it runneth into the Sea before Clanino , is Liris , fo much celebrated for the overthrow which the Saracins had by Pope John the iQtb,and for the Viftory obtained by Confdlvo F err undo, of Cordova againlt the French, to whofe only valour was attributed the Viffory of them, aud the flight of the Turkey whereby he gained the glorious firname of Great Captain, a favour vouchfafed from heaven , whereof the world hath fo few 1 . This faid River rifeth from the Appenninc Mountains, and pafTcth by the Territory of Vejlino , near to the Country of Fregelle, now a famous City, and goeth by Lino , or rather the Sacred -Wood, foBietimes honoured of the Minturnefi, which was near the faid City. On -the left fide of the faid River is feen upon a little Hill the City of Traietto, builded near to the place where was the Crty of Minturne , the ruines whereof are now to be feen , and almoft the w hole Theatre, and the ancient aquidufts 5 Minturne was builded by the Aufoni, and was afterward a Reman Colony, and was divided by the Rtver, near the mouth thereof Ic was in the time of Pope Marcellinns, ho¬ noured with'«pgeneral Cotmcel, and it was one ofthe Cities which for the gritvanee bf the air, wasprivdedged by the both from the Wars and other burthens and Inipoirtibns. Cm. Marius flying hither fecretly, hidhimfelfm amoorifhor 'fenny place,* and beholding an Affe to go very pleafanfly to the water to drink, took jt'fbr a good-pnirage, or a token of good fortune, re-inforced his Army, and put¬ ting to Sea, eittted Rome vidforioufly. > v From thence leaving the Confines of this Region of Latium, we enter on the right hand into the Land of Lavoro , and the Hill which is in the entrance of the Land of LaVoro, very near to the mouth of Ganglianc, hath many flfmous names, for in fome place it is called Gauro , in other Maffico, and in fome other Gallicano; -that part thereof that is neared to Garig/iano, is called Gauro , from whence the Ri¬ ver hath been called Gaureliano. Pliny faith chat this Gauro , as alfo the Hill Fejfu- vio , near Naples, yieldeth Snlphur or Brimftone, which the hot-waters fufficiently declare, which at this prefent are feen to iffue and boyle, where now is the Tower of the Bathes, and the Bathes themfclv# After Minturn the firft Land that is near- eft in the Land of Lavoro cn this fide, v/isfrifano, ficuated by Livy between Min- tssrn and Sinuejfa, the next following was Sinuejfa, five miles (as Strabo faith ) from Minturn ; but it is ten miles, as it now.appeared!• Livy faitH that there were two Colonies brought about the Territory Veflino and Falerno, one at the mouth of Ga¬ rig/iano, winch was Minturn (as is fludj and the other in Vejtino, which confineth with the Territory of Falerno , where firft there was a Greeks City called Sinope, which was builded by the Sintpefi , and was by the Roman Colony'called Sinuejfa, becaufe it j'oyned near to the City Sejfa ; Here died old Ttsrpilluf that comical Poet; many ruinesof this City are to be feen on the land, but more in the Sea, and the Ha¬ ven thereof bad a large Key or Wharlf made by mens labour, at the top of the Hill MiU. Frnnit. The Village cf Scipio and Le• lius. See Martial , lib x.epigpa. The Caftle licnoratus. Horacefib.pr. The River Ga- rigliano. The over¬ throw given to the Sara¬ cins by Pope John the l o. Conklins Fer - randus , grand Captain of jCordova. Tratetto. Mintkw. The Land of Lavoro. Garigliano. Trifano. Sinope^c ailed Sinueffa. Turpillus rhe Comical Poet': 8 The Hijlory of the The Hill Muf- fico. The fort of Mondragone. The Villages of Seffa., Hill called Dragons , faith Livy, that I'abius Maximus led his Array by the top of the Mount Mafflco, forbidding paflage to Hannibal, and that the Souldiers of Han¬ nibal fackt the Country even to the water Sinueffano, from whence it feemeth that the Mount MaJJico, whereon V abius Maximus held his Army, is a part of the fame Hill which reacheth from Seffa to farinola. In the place of Sinueffa two miles from thence upon the Hill, istheF.ortof Mondragone honoured with the dignity of a Dukedome, the Town whereof Hands inthePlainlefsthenamilefromthe Sea; where Sinueffa was, is nothing feen but the Baths, which as Strabo faith , doe cure many difeafes, and efpecially help women that ate baren. After the Fort of Mondr agone upon the Hill Maffico which is full of Villages, from the part towards the Sea there is no land or Caftle ; but from that part which is towards Gar'igliano, between the Sea , Gariglidno, the way Appia, and the Mount Maffico, is no more plain then eight miles every way , and is manured and inhabited with much people, and is now called the Villages of Seffa, which Plain in the happy time of the Ail mans, was very fruitful!, three full Meadows abounding with much Grafs, as Marti- tial affirmeth : Near Cafcano one of the faid Villages, is a Vein of Gold, which King Alfonfus the firft made ufe thereof, but now it is fallen to decay, becaufe they fay it yields not fufficient profit into the Kings Exchequer; yet the Reverend Majelty of the Roman Commonwealth did not fo , for that they refpedted nd other end then the common utilly, caufed the Mines to be-digged, for the relief of thofe poor peo¬ ple that laboured therein. Now turning us into the way Appia, as it paffeth by the foot of the Hill Maffi¬ co, is the ancient City Seffa, called of the Latines Suejfa, anciently named Pometia, and fometimes Arunca, builded, as fome fay, by Hercules, it hath been inhabited by fundry people, the firft was faid by the Arunci, and the Aufoni, and the Seclecini and after by the Volofci , and laft of all the Vejlini, as it appears in fundry places of Livy , the Territory whereof is very fertile of all forts of Fruits, but particularly Corn, Wine, andOyle, which for great abundance , the Citizens thereof fay pro¬ ceeds from the excellency of the air, and that Seffa was fo called, as it vteteSuavts Seffio being fo Well and fo excellently fituated , and therefore the Emperor Claudi¬ us growing fickly and weak, went thither to recover his health. Seffa was a privi- ledged City of the Romans, that worthy Philofopher and Phifician Auguftine, Nifa hath in thefe our daies much hoKOured this'City. The Arms of this City is a Lyon Rampant gules in a field or, it hath the dignity of a Dukedome, the Lord whereof is Don Antonio of Cordova, Duke of Somma, Nephew to that Noble Lord Confal- vo Ferrando of Cordova. Going from Seffa by the way Appia , on the right hand of Maffico eight miles is Carinola, fometime called Caleno, an ancient City, joyned on the one fide to the Territory of Falerno, and on the other to the Hill Maffico; the Fields Fdlerni ftretch from Carinola to (faffdino which was afterwards called Cafieccio, and was here joyned with the Field Stellate, morepleafant then any other part of Italy, as Livy writeth. The Hill Maffico ftretcheth beyond the City of Tiano, and of Calvi, called long fince Gales, even to Cajazata, which the Ancients have called Calatia, this Hill is extended with a back on the left hand from Calvi to Venafro , and from thence di¬ rectly to Volturno ,another part boweth on the right hand, full of Woods and Caves, and goeth to Caianello, fometime called Calicula .- And to Vitlturno on the right hand of the mouth of Vultumo was fometime a City called alfo Vultumo as Livy witnefleth , and was where we now fee the Und called Caftello , to the Sea of Vul- turno ; not far from the Sea is to be feen SP atria, builded upon the ruines of Linter- no, which was the Town of Scipio Africanus , where he made choice to live when he betook himfelf to a voluntary exile, and wherehe fpent the latter part of his life- It is faid that he caufed to be written on his Sipplchre, Ingrata patria non poffidebis cffa mea. There is near Lwterno,] among the ruines thereof, the Fountain of water Acidula , which water is faid to make a man drunken as wine • and the Shepherds report, that whofoever drinketh of this water, is delivered from all pain of the head- and we having a defire to make trial thereof, found it to favour well as all other’ and although a certain fume afcendeth up the nofe in fmellingit, as Wine ufeth to doe; yet drinking but a little we could not perceive the effects thereof, which it pro¬ cured! The City Seffa. Why it was called Stfa^ Auguftine Nifo. Carinola. The Fields Falerni, what they were,and how far they Hutched. The Fields Stellato. Calvi. Cajayya. Tiano. Caianello. Vultumo. Patria. 9 Kingdom of « 5 \£ iA P L E S. cureth in drinking. Five miles from Linterno is Cuma, between which two places where the fhore is crooked between the Pool and the Sea, was the Town of Serin- The City Cu lio Vacia, of whom Seneca fpeaketh. Cum.i was builded by the Calcidefi, and the "»■ Cumei; the leaders of the Colonie which came thither to inhabit, were Hippoclc £umeo, and Megajlene Calcidefe, which agreed between them, that from the one it T,le Town of fhould take the inhabitants, and from the other the name; although fome fay it was named Cuma from the waves (for C»ma is as much as to fay OncLi) for being near the ftony-fhoreit is full of mighty Rocks, continually beaten with the waves of the Sea. Near Cuma is the Promontory Mi/eno,vA\ere was buried Mifceno the Trum¬ peter of tsEneai, and between thefe two is the Lake Aclterufia, which is a Moor or ., Marfhof the Sea very muddy, leaving Mifeno, near under the Promontory is the Lake .• From thence the fhore fetcheth a compafs making a gulf where is the Cattle ' Eaia, and the Baths of warm water, no lefs profitable for health , then delight. Baia was fo called by Baio the Companion of Vlijfes, which was there buried. Near Baia is the Lake Locrino (mthc time ofthe Romans') within it was the renowned Band, the Take Lake Averno. The Lake Lucrino was fo called by the profit of the Fifties and Oy- Avmt ,and fters that were taken there. Following the fhore is the City of Vo^kuoIo, which in r ‘ 7r - ,h ’ former time was the Harbour of the Ships of fumani , builded upon the’ Hill. In named'° the time afterward of the Wars of Hannibal, the Romans replenifhed it with peo¬ ple; and of the Ditches named it Po^uolo. Others affirm that it was fo named by the ill favour of the water ; which from Bate even to Cameo is generally felt. Following then that fhore from Po^uolo, are feen many Springs of wholfome and medicinable water on the fhore near the Ixuines; departing from Potzyblo > and go¬ ing by the way which Ieadeth to Naples, are great ruines of buildings on every fide for the fpace of a mile. At the end of thefe ruines is the Court of Vulcan , now commonly called Solfatara, which is a Plain inclofed round about with fmokie’ Hills, Sofattrd in the manner of fiery Fornaces, from whence out of divers places arife very (fink¬ ing exhalations, and the Plain is all full of Sulphure, and fometime it boilech out more then eight hand breadchs in height, and being mixed with the earth it feemeth black, and in in fuch fort that it may rather be called dark clay, then water. Here amongft thofe natural things that is worthy confideration.it feemeth that the watry humour preferveth the Sulphure in fuch manner , that during all the time it continu¬ ally burneth it confumeth not, and the fireabideth in the fame holes, the water if- fiiing by the fame paflage. This place was alfo called of ancient writers Campo Flagro , as it were a burning field from whence the Poets feign , that there was the battel of the Giants with Hercules, and that the flafhing of their wounds, and the Conijuett of the Giants, do caufe fuch and fo great ebolitions of fire and water. Bending afterward to the North a little from thence is the Hill Afturm very high, T , ,, , in the midft whereof is a Plain very low, reduced into a circle , being twomilesin Hl A " u,t circuit, where is a little Pool with Sulphure water , which fiftieth out on every fide very beneficial to thofe which are difeafed. This Plain is compaffed with a Hill which every carrieth an equal height; in one fide whereof is a very thick Wood, planted in fuch fort that ail Italj yields not a place more beautiful! and more plea- fant for hunting. This Wood hath great plenty of Acorns and other Fruit and Food for Cattel, and is full of wild Hoggs, Goats, Harts, and other kinds of wild Beads which entring in of themfelves, or forc'd by others, can come no more out again. The top of this Hill is very large, for it reacheth more then the fpace of five miles; this place is commonly called Ltftroni, a place referved for the Kings hun- Hftrtmi ting. Returning to the way which goetli from Pozzuolo to Naples , is feen the place where was the Village of Cicero, fo named at thisprefent, where was buried the - Emperor Adrian, which died at Batata Spartiano writeth) where the temple was The Village of afterward confecrated by Antonio his fucceflbr in the place of the Sepulchre Fol- c ,' cer J' wl ’ erc lowing yet the faid way is feen great ruines of the Village of Lucullus, which he TlriJZT had near Naples (according to l’lutarch) where likewife he caufed to open the fto- buried, ny Hill with the Iron, which carried the water of the Sea into the Lake Aenano which was included in thofe Hils. On every fide of this open ( ountry appeareth high Rocks , near which,are the ruins of ftately Buildings. Pafling by the faid C way JO The Hijlory of the way to the Lake are the Baths of the Lake Agnano, which are certain little clofe- vaulted Rooms, from whence there rifeth certain hot vapours, in fuch fort, that a man entring in naked prefently falleth into a fweat. and therefore they are called Su- datorii. They diffove the raw and crude humours in man , they lighten the body, comfort the weak, heal the intrails, drieth the Fiftula and the ulcer in the body, and eafeth the pain of the Gout; Here St. Germano Bilhop of Capoa , is faid to find the foul of Pafcafto Cardinal, as St. Gregory relateth in the fourth Book of his Dia¬ logues. A little farther on the right hand , at the foot of the high Rock (which compaffeth in the Lake ) very near to the fame is a hole not very deep in the Rock, nor very large nor high , where any living creature being call in, dieth fuddenly, which afterward being prefently taken out and call into the water of the faid lake’ reviveth again. Pliny maketh mention of this hole in his fecond Book, where he faith , Alii {piracula vacant, alii Charoneas fcrobes mortiferum fpiratum cxalentes. The faid Lake bringeth forth no other thing but Frogs ; and in the Spring are often feen many heaps of Serpents, which are there drowned and ftifled in the water by the providence of G6d, which fuffereth them not to encreafe, being fo hurtfull and venomous to the nature of man. Afterward we come to Pauftlipo, which had that name for the pleafantnefs of the air, which fo well agreeth with the fituation , helping much the infirmity of weak minds for the expelling of melancholy : Here Cefar had a Filh-Pond , wherein a Fifli lived fixty years. And the bottom of this pleafant Hill was all full of Gar- Hot -Houfes. The foul of Pafcafti Cardi¬ nal. See alfo J6hn Eckjo in his 2 hook of Pur¬ gatory. Paufilipo , a moft delight- full place which accor_. was” pofleffcd dens, and Fruits, and delightfull Villages ; and that part towards the Sea, was not by Vatio Pol- far from the City of Naples , near the fhore whereof were an infinite number of Hone,3 Roman, Habitations which time hath utterly ruinated. After followeth the Cave ofCocceio, fnr'no'oth(°r LIS which fome attribute to Lucullo, and others to Bajfo, made after the fafhion of tbaa caufcthen his of C Kma > whofe entrance is open , and with fo great largenefs, that three Carts wealth and may there pafs in rang, and by little and little the light entreth at the windows cruelty,be- ; n t [, e [0 p, which in many places are cut out in the upper part of the hill, and in T f e h" 'had right fi de from the paflage of the Cave in the way cowards Naples is the Sepul- cerMin Fife- chre of Virgil, and by that which doth appear, this was a Chappel compaffed and ppnds, where- vaulted with Arches , and fmoothly walled about with Marble, and within were ill heufed of- p] aces f or i ma g es to ftand in , without, oppofite to the Chappel is an Epitaph in ten times to w } ut;e Marble, with thefe modern Verfes calt in men, 5 as food for his fifhesjand dying,left Au- gufhtshis heir of Pauplipo. Virgil his Se. pulchre. Chiaia Giacomo Sana- yaro. Jj)ui cineres tumuli hac vefiigia ? conditur olim llle hoc qui cecinit pafcna, rura, duces. Going then towards Naples appeareth the little Hil Olimpia, now Piaggia, cal¬ led of the Neopolitans Chiaia ; where are fo many goodly Buildings, among the which there is one made by M. Giacomo Sanazaro , fo great a friend to the Mufes as any in thefe our daies, called Merguglimfind in Latint, Mergeline, celebrated by him in his Book De partu Virginia. A little farther near unto the City is the little The ICaflle of lfle of Megary, now called the Caltle of Vovo , where remaineth a good Garifon Vow. of Souldiers. Laftof all is the fair and Royal Cityof Naples, at the firft called Sirena, where Parthenope arrived carried by the fortune of the Waves, who changed the name being newly rc-inhabited, according to the Oracle of the Cumani , which before they had deftroyed ; it flourilhed and increafed again by the union and amity of the Naples alwaics Palegoli, being alwaies iaithliill to the people of Rome, under whofe Empire it conti- faithful to the nned with great glory and renown , untill it fell together with the reft of Italy into the hands of the Goths, and other Barbarians, who expelled by the Normans was governed by them, and made the Head of the Kingdom, from whofe Dominion fucceeded the Houfe of Suevia , by means of the Q±ieen finfiance the only Heir- from whence it came to pafs, Charts having killed Tancred , and fubdued Coradine under the French , and after fucceeded by means of £ueen 'lone of Arrayon now it remaineth in peace and tranquility under the proteftion of the Catholick King Fhihp, and fo populous, that it is not inferior to any other City whatfoever excel¬ ling in Nobility and riches, all other in the world ; ther«pntinually repair’eth fun- people of Rome. Thepraife ofi the City of A 'Ap!et. Kingdom of iATLE S. dry Nations from all parts of Europe, there are aflembled the moll part of the No¬ ble families, and there alfo florifheth theftudy of the Laws, and all good Lear¬ ning. It ftandeth at the bottom of little Hils, which compafs it in the manner of a Bow or Arch. The Gul f Cratcra is direftly oppofiteunto it, fo called in ancient time, lor that Mtjeno, and the Promontory of Minerva now called Camvanella. with the Ifle of Capri , compaffech it in the falhion of a Cup. A Cup which mav be truly called a Cup or Goblet of Silver, fince the purity and calmnefs of thewa- terrelembleth in outward Ihew, quickfilver. Naples hath on the Ealt fide Fields which in length joyn to the Plains Acerram ,zr\ which fubtilly and wittily writ ten Deputations againft Augufiine ’■ Nifo of Sejfa, very learned are thefe Treatifes, ‘De immortalitate ar.im.t: and tie prejlamia liter arumfupra arma, wherein he expreft great learning, and in thele daies together with thefe the reve- rendFather/f/fiV of Marco,of the reformed Order ol Preachers,who for his good and cxamplary life , fttineth as the Sun in darknefs, he hath learnedly writ upon Logick. natural Philofophy the foul, Meta phyfick and de enteratione, and he is now commenting the fama of St. Thomas, and if God permit him life , a Peter of Vineit John Antoni* Campano. The City AteU U. The City A- verfs ,by whom icwei built. Averfo de- (t toyed by Chith at An- gio.King of Rtflet Don FietjO Or- fwo. The famous men of A vet- fa- 1 6 The Hijlory of the Mtriglum. expeft other learned Works to proceed from him. In the aforefaid City are thefe Noble Families, Altimaro, Cutinario , Qargano, Grimaldo, Landttlfo, Pacific, Scaglione, Silveftro, Simonello, Tufo , Ricardo, ‘De/la Valle, and others. Not far from Averfa is Marigliano in a good Soil, and is wholly walled about, and by the Ancients called Merlianum . and Marianum , the Citizens whereof fay, that it wasfo called by G. Marius the Founder thereof, and it is now indued with the dignity of a Marquift, under the jurifdidfion of theHoufe of Montenegro.- Innscentius the third, Biftiop of Rome , hath much honoured this Land, being born there ; and at this prefent R. D. Jacobs Marotta a learned Philofopher, who hath written upon the predicables and predicaments of the Logick of Status, & At tri- plici intellettu, Flumane, Angelical, and Divine, and read in the common Schools of Njples, the Metaphificks with a wonderful! concourfe of Students. Afterward appeareth the City Acena , called by Strabo, Ac err a, which was burnt by Hannibal the Carthaginian : But was again newly re-edified by the Ro¬ mans, whereof Livy often maketh mention,and Virgil calleth theTerritory there¬ of very good and fertile.Near to which City runneth theRiver gianie,\e ry hurtfull to the Country through the continual inundations, and therefore is almofl difin- habited. Acerra was builded by the people T^afamont, who in honour of Jupi- Acerrr, why it ter feretrio made a high Altar after the fafhion of a little Ship, whereupon they wasfo called. |, urnt g reat abundance of fweet Odours, wherefore it was called Acerra by the LH^afamoni , which opinion Alexander of Alexandra Neapolitan confirmeth in the 7 Chapter of his third Book, fpeaking of their Gemail: Acerra erat ara con- The Temple of ftituta ubi odorei incenderet, qua acerra diila erat a. Nafamonibus papules. Some Jupter Fere- are of opinion that an Altar fo called, was only devifed by the Nafamoni, but that trio. 2 \uma Vompilius eredted the Temple of Jupiter Feretrio. Feflo fielieveth that Feretrio was fo called by bringing of peace , although Plutarch faith that he fhould be fo named by the wounding of enemies ; whereupon Propertio writeth a learned Elegy of Jupiter Feretrio thus, The City A- cerrn ,why it was.builr. • Profertio in 4 . The river GU nio and the originall thereof. Seffula The river If- clero. hierola. Njsnc Jevis incipiam caufas aperire Feretrii, Armaque de ducibut trima recepta tribus. To which Temple the Ancients when they obtained vidtory of their enemies, con- fccrated all their bell and richeft fpoils. Departing from Acerra, is the RiverG/ Talem dives arat Capua vicina Vefevo. Ora jugo & vacuis Clanius non aquas Acerris. Probus writeth that the River Clania took that name from the Giant Clanio. Af¬ terward is feen Sejfula, diftantfrona Acerra four miles, c'alled by Strabo, SueJfu- la, and by Livy in many places, and in his feventh Book fheweth that in this City was a great battel between the Romans and the Samnites, where the Samnites were put to flight by M.Valer. This City is almofl now ruinated. Afterward appear¬ eth from the Nort h part, the Hils of Capon, called by Livy, Tifata, thefe Hils are above £!*/>«<«, and above all this Country, the which pafs along even to the Ter¬ ritory of Nola. Afterward is the River Jfclero, and the River SorriteHo-, and not far off upon a fair Hill is the isiiero/a, an excellent Country , honoured with the dignity of a Dukedom under the Family Caracciola. From Aitr-la five milts is in a fair Plain, Arienzo, a Country full of worthy and honourable people, called of the Latines, Argentum, the Territory whereof is very fertileand full of Fruit, and efpecially of Percope , where they grow more common in this Country then any other, verily thefe fruits are to be preferred before all others for their delica¬ cy and great goodnefs thefe faid Trees live not above five years, and it is necefTary that the feeds or camels thereof be fowed towards the Eaft, in a place where the cold cannot hurt them, for cold is a great enemy to thefe Trees; the Fruit thereof 17 Kingdom of AT LES t it ofthe colour of Gold with red fpots,and a (lender rine, and weighs a pound and more according to the place where they be planted. Not far off upon a fteep and pleafant little Hill is the City of Caferta , replenifhed with worthy and honou, rable people, the original whereof is uncertain , the Citizens of it affirm by and, ent tradition, that it was builded by theSeJfulani and Galatini, others believe from the reliques of the fecond Capoa in the Hill Triftfco , and laft of all others fay that it fhould be builded by the Longobards , and was made a Cathedral Church by Alexander the fourth, Bifhop of Rome. The Lords of Aquino ruled this City a longtime; afterward it came under the Counts of Tileful, of the Noble Fami¬ ly Siginulftt, and laftly Cjiulio Antonio Acquaniva , a noble Lord , pofleft it with the Title of a Prince. The noble Family of Santori hath much honoured this City, of which that excellent Dodlor of Law , Lonardo , hath been much renowned, who lefc to the world a worthy and honourable iflue, from whom defcended the famous and reverend Giulio Antonio Santoro, Cardinal of the Church of Rome, and Francefco Antonio, Archbifhop of Severing his brother, men no lefs famous for Learning, then for fincerity of life. Going a little farther is Mataloni, of fome called Magdaleni, and of others Metalionis , which hath the dignity of a Duke- dome , fubjedt to the noble Family of (farrafi. Near which upon a Hill is the fair City of Vtnafro, named by Strabo , Venafrum, the Plain whereof Pliny calleth fertile and full of Olives: whereupon Martial praifing the Oyle, faith. Hoc tibi Campani fudavit bate a Venafri Vnguentum qstotiesfumis, & ifiud oles. This City in the time of our Anceftors had the Title of a County under the Pan- doni Gentlemen of Naples , after the which it came under the Dominion of the worthy Lords of Lanoia , Princesof Salmon a, but now itis in the Kings hands. Going a little farther is the noble & ancient City of Sorafo called both now.and in old time.which in the time of the Romans was the principal City of eWSannio-.Plinj placeth it in the firftRegion,and Ptolomy in Latium ,and Strabo deferibeth it in hap¬ py Campania : We following the divifion of the Kings Court, place it in this Province of the Land of Lavoro , or happy Campania. Livy faith that the faid City was made at one and the fame time a Colony of the Romans , with nAlba, which was of the Territory Veftino; but pofleft by the Samnitcs. This which Livy faith, that Sera fhould be of the Ter¬ ritory Veftinojs true, for this reafon.that the City Veftina being near Garigliano , in the Plain of Sejfa, that which Was from the mouth of the River even to Sora, by the River Garigliano, all under one only name of Veftini became fo called, and Ga¬ rigliano and Sejfa were comprehended under the felf-fame of Vtftini. Livy faith that the Sorani becoming rebels and joyning with the Samniti, went againft them with all their force, and faith that in this rebellion the Sorani cut in pieces the Ro¬ man Colonies that were there; which ftirred fo great defire of revenge, that at length the City was taken by Treafon, one of Sora bringing in ten Romans fecret- ly into the Caftle, whereupon the Citizens broke up the Gates in the night and fled away, and the Roman Army freely entred in, and there were taken 3 25 of the Sorani, Authors of the Rebellion , and the death of the Roman Colonies, and were carried bound to Rome, and cruelly beaten in the Market-place, and after¬ ward put to death to the great contentment of the people , which defired as their proper intereft, that in their Colonies their Citizens might befecure. But Within awhile following the Romans fent another Colony to Sora under the Confulfhipof L. Cjenutio , and of Servio Cornelia, the which for a long time remained there peaceable : But in the time afterward of Gregory the ninth, was deftroyed by the Emperor Frederick, the fecond; and for all this, was by the fame Citizens repair¬ ed, and in procefs of time increafed in much honour and riches, and is now repu¬ ted one of the beft Cities in all that Province, and is adorned with the Title of a Dukedome. The faid City on the one fide is compafled with a (lately and ftrong Wall, and the other is defended with the River Fibreno , which hath its begin¬ ning under the Mountains of Capiftrello, which is a Country in the Apennin, eight miles above S ora, which River entreth into Garigliano (called in old time Lins) near the Monafteryof Sc. Dominic0 of Cifternienfi. This River aboundeth with D watery The City Caferta, by whoraic was built Lonardo Santo¬ ro, Mataloni. Venafro. The City Sora. The Sorani cut in pieces tile Roman Colonies. The Romani take Sora. The R. mans fend another Colony to Sora. Sora deflroy’ ed by the Em¬ peror Frede¬ rick, t he fe. cond. The River Fibreno, and the beginning thereof. The River Urn,now cal¬ led Garigliano. The Hiflory of the An Ifland, a moft btraulitul Councr)',cal¬ led by tile Am cieritt Inter am¬ nia. Comm, a plea- fant Country waslo called by an ancient City of the fame name. The City Atn na. The River Mel fa. The City Ac pino. The Arms of Arpino, The City Arce The City A . quillQ. Giovenal, a Sa- tyrical Poer. Viclorinv,* Geometrician. Pefcenio Negro, Emperor. St.Thom as of Aquin . GioMenardo, in the 5 book of epiftks,in the $ epiftle. Adinolfo, Count of Aquino, and Duke of Qae< ta. water, and feemeth to be that which according to Pliny cometh from the Lake F«- d„o which in the beginning is divided into two branches, whereof that on the left hand bv means of the high and fteep Mountains is very fwifc, but that on the right hand running by a Rock, and falling not from that h.ght as the other paf- feth with a pleafant current very calm and beam.full. Thefe two branches being iovned again together under Sera, make an Mand very delightful!, and of much traflfick which the Ancients have called Interamtna. Following the cotirfe of thefe Rivers are thefe Countries following. Torn, Cdmpolato, Ifoletta, m& Col- ledraoo Now above the Me before named, which with thole two Arms makes Gar&idno there are very high Hils, and almoft wholly difinhabiced; and on the nrhc hand’there is a Country above thofe rough and craggie Hils very pleafant, called Comino, which is invironed with very high Hits, and hath feven Countries wel inhabited that i s,Vicalvo,Alviro,Santo Donato,Settefrm,PUciniftbNJaMnaroy and Cafalviero. This Country was in old time called Comino , of a City which was there fo called , whereof Livy fpeaketh in many places, and chiefly in the tenth Book, where he faith, that it was taken by tSpurio< Conful being entred within it, and his Souldiersretired, which had the Guard of the Market- place there was given to Papirio the Conful eleven thonfand and thirty men, the firft being killed by four thoufand three hundred and eighty. In this fame Coun¬ try on the right hand under the Hils is Atina, an ancient City , which was one of thofe five which made Arms for the aid of Turnut , againft fattens , according to Virgil in thefeventh of Eneidos, Quinque adeo magna pojitis ivcudibtu urbes TtU npvant, Atina potent, c Ire. At the fide of the faid City runneth the River Melfa , which rifeth in the Apennin Hils, and entreth into Garigliano, near Pontecorvo, a City whereof Vtrgd and U- vy make mention. Coming down into the bottom of this Country on thelideot the faid River, under the Caftle of (fafahiero on the left hand, is a little Country which they call Schiavi ■ and yet lower upon a very rough and craggie Hill is Arpino, a famous City, whofe (lately Walls yet Handing declare the gteatnefs thereof • and although it hath been the natural Country as well of Cato. Manns, as of MarcusTullius, the one the mirror of Chivalry, the other of Eloquence, yet that preferring Learning before Martial Affairs, ufed for die Arms M. T. C. Under Aryino on the left hand near the River Melfa is Fontana, a little Country; and hard by is Arce, a worthy City, the Territory whereof aboundeth with great {lore of excellent Fruits, and hath a goodly Fortrefs, and is beautified with the Title ef a Dukedom. Not far off followeth the City Aquino, called m old time Aquimm , which is almoft ruinated, whofe Reliques manifeftly declare what great eftimatioo it had in former times , where apparently are feen the mines of {lately Buildings, with goodly Statues of Marble. Both npw and ever Aquino hath received much honour by Giovenale a Satyrical Poet, and ViBorino an excel¬ lent Geometrician , who flouriftied in the time of Leo the firft (according to the opinion of fotne) he found the computation of Eafter, according to the courfe of the Moon, at the perfwafion of Pope Hillary. Moreover Pefcenio Negro Empe¬ ror of Rome , hath honoured this Country , as Herodian dedareth in his feconq, Book of his Cefars. And although the faid City be almoft ruinated, neverthe. lefs it hath the dignity of a County. Here Robert Guifcardo the Norman was created with great folemnity Duke of Apuglia and Calauria , by Cjregory the fe- venth, Biftiop of Rome, in the year 1073 • as Biondo writethin his Hiftories, and Vlatina in the life of the faid Gregory. But above all, that Angelical Dodtor St. Thomas > hath moft honoured Aquino , the which though born in Naples, is fir- named of Aquino,becmk his Anceftors poffeft that Country,with other Cities and Lands. John Menardo faith, that the faid Angelical Dodor was of the Houfe of Frangipane ; others fay that he was of the Noble Family of S ammacslla, and that afterward from that Seignory (as we have faid ) which they had of Aquino , they were firnamed of Aquitfo , the which Family was much advanced by Jdinolfo, ■■ Count Kingdom of \A C P LES, »S> County of Aquino, for as much as by the common confent of the Gaetani, he was coated Duke of their 'City ; among the ancient Poets, Rinaldo of Aquino hath been very excellent, of whom Mohfignor I’ietro TlembomzkzGt mention in his Epiftles. Now coming again into our former order, leaving the ancient City of tAqui- %o , there is on the left hand Roccafccca, and on the right hand upon a high Hill is the famous arid worthy Monaftery of Monte Ca fine , builded upon the ruines of Monte Caf-nc. the noble City of Cafino, an ancient Colony of the Romans, and a worthy City of the Ldiines, which (as Livy writeth) had a Colony brought together with Min. turn, the which in the time of the Romans was very famous, for that noble and ftatefy Temple of Apollo , which had a hundred and fifty high and mighty Pillars; The laid Monaftery was builded by St. 'Benedili 'Njrfino , for his Monks, in the year of Cbrift 520. where Tetila King of the Goths going to vifit him, underftan- ^ R . of ding he had a fpirit of Prophefie, and purpofingtomaketryal, if that which bad doth s'. ' n8 ° been reprii ted were true, put on Lackies apparel, caufing another to go before him, doathed in Kingly Ornaments, which feigned himfelf to be Totila ; but the Saint knowing of God the deceit fent unto him with a cheerfull countenance to flay with the reft of his company, and pointing to the King which was bafely apparel¬ ed, requefting him to come into the Monaftery. But neither this, nor other the likcfignesof fanfftty, which St. Benedict declared to the Lombards , were fuffici- ent to reftrain the unbridled fury of thefe Barbarians, that they might not deftroy this Monaftery, the which was foretold to the Monks by their Father St. Benedict. It was afterward repaired again upon the firft foundations, and alfo enlarged 1 iz years after by Petronio Cetronaffo Brefciano, through the perfwafion of Pope Gre¬ gory the fecond, as Paulo Diacono writeth, and Elia Capriole, in his third Book of the Brefcian Hiftories. The Revenue of thefe Monks yearly, was more then fif- f “Ay Diacono ty thoufand Crowns. There lieth With great devotion in the faid Monaftery, the of hifloriew bodies ofmanySaints and bleffed peop!e,efpecially that of S-TScntdift Tforfmo, the ' ‘ Founder and Head thereof,and of St. Scolafiica hfs lifter, whofe holy bodies were- there found in the year 1445. whereby it feemeth that that cannot be true, which Paulo Diacono writeth of them, faying, that in the year 694, in the time of Cjifnl- /e,Prince of Benevento.t he faid holy bodies were carried by certain Frenchmen into Eranee, where to the honour both of the one and the other, were builded two Royal Monafteries. The Which opinion is fo much the left true , as that Pope Zachary affirmeth to have feen the bodies of thefe two Saints with his own eyes in the Mount Cafino many years after; wherefore we will give more credit to the report of a chief Bifhop, and to the bodies which were found and feen in the year 144;. then to the opinion of Paulo Diacono. Pliny declareth in the fourth Chapter of his feventh Book, that in the faid City of Cafino in the time of the Conlullhipof Licinio Crajfo, and of (fate Caffio forigo , a girl in a certain houfe became a boy, which by commandment and advice of their Southlayers was car¬ ried and left in an Ifland abandoned. Atthefootof the Mount Cafino is Saint - te of A hfe, a good and a plentiful! Country, and full of worthy people , where through the commodity which they have of the water, is made good Cloth of Wooll; out of this Country hath rifen many excellent men, indued with muth Learning, among the which thefe are of the greateft note, Pbilippo Frnncifco of Viedemonte, which commented the Poetry of Horace, Lodovico Cater no, an excel¬ lent vulgar Poet ; but in thefe our daies the faid Country is much renowned by means of certain Gentlemen which being coritented with their retired eftate, live vertuorfly , employing the time in the exercife of Divine Learning , andfomeof them in giving councel to others in the profeflrori of the Laws. Gf the famfe Country was Tfuntio Tatiaglia , whiph compofed the practice of the Ciyil and D 2 Ctinit- 20 The Hijlory of the The City Lauro, by whom it was builr. Palma The Plain ot Palma. The City Nola. The death of the Emperor Ollavilts au- {MflW. Flora and her Riches. The Temple of Flora. St. Felix E\- fhop. St. Paulino the Inventer of Bels. The Arms of Hold. The full Counts of No¬ la. j Orfino e firil Family d Lord, the Wherefore the Rofe was adjoyned to Arms of the Houfe of Or- fma. Criminal Lieutenantftiip.Following the fame way is Lauro, (itnate in a pleafant and delightfull place.This City was builded by Ruberto Orfmo, Count of Nola, as Canta- litio the Poet writeth in his fourth Book , where he faith that thefaid Count built it, becaufe that great C?.$l3\n Confalvo Ferrando of Cordova received in the faid place the Crown of Laurel, after he had the vidory of the French. This Coun¬ try hath the title of a Marquis, the Lord whereof is Don Scipio TignateRo, a moil worthy man, and of very honourable and vcrtuous qualities. A little farther is •Talma, which belongeth to the faid Marquifs, the which Caftle was alfo builded by the faid Count of 2 Viola, and to this intent I will not omit to fpeak of the Plain of Talma, fo much commended for the hnncing there , where that great Alfonfus the firftof Arragon King of Naples, built to this purpofea fumptuous Palace, which afterward was deftroyed by Churls the eight. King of France , al¬ though the reliques are yet to be feen. Hard by is the ancient and noble City of Njla, fo called by Strabo in his fifth book. This City was builded ;as Trogo af- firmeth) by the Cjiapigii; but according to S olmo by the Tirii. It was very great in old time, this City, as Ambregio Leoni dedareth in his firft book of Nola chat the Wals thereof (as he faith} were in compafs 2017 paces, having twejve parts, and was builc round. No/a may boaft, that the Emperor Oclavlm Augufhts the Monarch of the world died therein, in honour of whom, Tiberius his fuccefior in the Empire, builded in thefaid City a ftately Temple, the reliques whereof are yet to be feen: There are alfo to be feen in this place, many reliques of ancient and ftately buildings; now it is not fo great, though it be very populous. The amo¬ rous Flora was of this City, who dying , left her only heir of all her Jewels and Riches the people of Rome, and fo much money was there found in her houfe, with the Jewels which they fold, as were fnfficient to build the Walls of Rome' and alfo to redeem the Commonwealth .- Wherefore the Romans, becaufe file had her beginning at Rome, and alfo had left all her goods to the Commonwealth built a moft fumptuous and ftately Temple in memory of her, from whofe name they called it FlerUno, wherein every year, on that day which ftie died, they cele¬ brated the Feaft of the Goddefs Flora. Suetonio Tranquiilo faith , that the firft: Feaft which the Emperor Galba celebrated in Rome, was the Feaft of amorous Flora, in the which all the Romans , both men and women might lawfully commit any lafeivious dilhonefty, which then was accounted the moft holy , that which that day was moft diftioneft. St. Felix Bifhop hath given great honour to this City, whofe body lieth in it, and as they fay, there rifech continually Manna our of bis holy bones, whofe life was written by St. Paulino Bifhop of this City. St. Paulino was the inventor of the ufe of Bels, an Inftrumcnc utterly unknown to the Ancients, which is now fo neceflary in the Church of God : He gave it the name of Campane, becaufe he invented it in Campania , where is the aforefaid City of Nola, of the which he Was Bifhop; and that the Citizens ever fince glorying there¬ in (as rightly they may} have alwaies ufed to give a Bell for the Arms of their Ci¬ ty- . And to fay fomething of the famous Counts of Nola; Monfignieur Quids da Monforte was the firft thereof. a moft noble and valiant Gentleman of France which came with Char Is the firft of Angie to the Conqueft of the Kingdom, with whom he was in great eftimation, and having one only daughter, called Anaflafia, married to Romano Orfino . chief Juftice of the Kingdom, who by the death of his Father in Law, fuccetded in the County, which was the firft of the Family of Or. fina, which had Seigniory in the Kingdom. The pofterity of this man have pro¬ ved all worthy men and very valiant ; but the matchiefs Paragon of all was Ra- mondo, which florifhed in the time of Churls the fecond , for being chafed away and forfaken by his Father, went into Soria . after he had in a journey into the Holy Land, done many valiant exploits againft the APoors, and overcome in a pri¬ vate combate, a moft fierce and mighty S aracin, who carried a Rofe upon the top of his wreathed Turbant, returned home into the Kingdom with great honour and for a token of that Vidory, j'oyned it with much glory to his Arms, whereup¬ on through his great magnanimity and valour, was made Prince of Taranto That * Principality hath been continued even to this prefent, one of the moft important Members Kingdom of tA'P LE S. Members of the Kingdom, for ft contained very much iand, and Cities of great- eft importance, which for brevity I omit to name; fo that Ramondo being a very mighty and great Lord, the Houfe of Orfina was very famous through all Italy. Ramondo married the Lady Mary of Eager,to, of an honourable proginy in France, who after the death of her husband ; having the tuition of her children, became Queen of Naples, at fuch time as King Ladijlae befieced her in Taranto , who be¬ ing notable to lubdue her, relolved to take her for his wife, and fo by that means to poffefsthe Inheritance of the children of Ramondo, of whom the firft was John Antonio, who redeemed the Principality of Taranto with money from James, huf- band of Queen Jone. This John Antonio increafed much his Patrimony with Lands of great importance, and was highly favoured by Alfonfns of Arragon, King of Naples ;who made him great Cenfrable, which is the chiefeft of the feven Oiiices in the Kingdom, with a hundred chouland Duckets yearly for a Penfion. Andtoreturn to the fount s of No/a , they were great Lords, fortheypof- feft Sarno,Tripald(i, Talma, Avella, Laura, Forino, Ajcoli, and other Lands. But afterward Felice Orfino , Prince of Salerno In creed cd in the County, who having little experience in worldly affairs, throughthe diffenfion and divilion of the Kingdom, loft his State in lhort cime after the deafh of his Father. And King Ferrant the firft gaVe Salerno to Robert Sanfeverino, an dNola, Tripalda, Afcoli, Lauro, and Forino, to Orfo Orfino, wfttehwis gre.ir Chancellor of the Kingdom, and partner with him in the Wars again!! John Antonio Orfino; whereupon the line of Romano Orjino, which had ruled No/a almoft two hundred years, was ex- tinguifhed, ana the Principality of Salerno, role of the Houfe of Orfino 24 years after he had it. But this 1 119 afterward of the Count Orfo , continued but a frnall timejtor the Lady Santolafi Citizen ofNola, by whom he had two fons.the one Duke of Afcoli, and the other a Knight, loft all their Inheritance throughthe wicked means of their mother, who lewdly juftified of her own accord , that they were not begotten by the Count Orfo , were deprived of all their right by King Ftrdinando, who gave the County of Nola, with (fimttino, Avella, Monfor¬ te> Laura , Talma, and OttoianeJ to the Count Nicola Orfino of Pitigliano , whofe fucceffors poffeft ic untiil the year 1528. the which ‘Den Arrigo, in ferving the French , loft his life and hisftate alfo; and fo ended the line of the Counts of Nola, which were fo famous in this Kingdom. Now returning to our former order, I fay, that from the City of Nola are alfo fprung many other famous men, as wcl^adorncd with Learning, as with Military Drfcipline, which would be too teadiousto repeat, and therefore I refer the reader ttxAmbrogio'Lione, who very exadWy ri'arrfeth -and deferibeth them all. Butfor us it fhall be only fuflkient to name the Noble Families, which the faid Leone wri- tethof, which are in the faid City, and are cbde following, oAlbertino, Alfane, Barone, Capofcrofa,Candida, Cefarini, Coriole, (farmignano, Campobafeio, de Fer¬ rari/*, de Elia , F receia, Ve/lecchia, Yon tana,Ref a,Del Jodice, Jofeph,Infante,de Cjen- naro, Majfei, Marifeulo, Morra,MaflriHo, Mazzeo, Notaries, De Palma, Perarii , Perrigioanni, Rehi, Rifi, Santtri, Sa[folani,Scc.and at this prefent the Bifhop of this City, F abritioG alio Neapolitan, a Prelate (befides his learning) a man of fincere •and pure life, who with much diligence compofed a Sinodal Book of his Diocefs.- There are many other places, the which I think not fit to recite all, but the great- eft and rnoft important I have not omitted any, but the fmall and little, as thofc which are thought to be of little or no account, I have negledled, affuring you, that to the integrity and foundnefs of the Work, it fhall norfailinany momen¬ tary matter. The Arms of this Noble Country is in a Field After 2 Cornucope in falter tho. row the middle of a Crown the firft of Ceres, the ocher 'Bacchus or; the which Arms fignifie the greac fertility and abundance of the Country, which as ic were Queen of every other Province,exceeds them in all the benefits of Nature. Where¬ upon in confirmation of what I havefaid,I will condiidc wich L. Flora, whofpeak- mg Thereof, thus writeth, Omnium '21 John Antonio Or/ino,Prince of Taiento. Counts of Kola. The names of the Noble Fa¬ milies of Kola. The Arms of this Province of Latmo. ( 22 The Hijlory of the Omnium non mode Italia,fed toto orbe ttrrarum pulchtrrima £ampani* flag* efi; < Nihil mollius calo ; nihil uberriut f do, nihil ho/pit alius mart. Denique bit floribut vernal, ideo Libert, Cererifque certamen dicitur . Hie illi nobiles partus Caieta, Mi- fenus, & tepextesfontibus Bata, Lucrintu, & tAvernus, quadam mar is otia. Hie amitli vitibtu mantes Gaumt, Falernus, Majfuus, Fulcher imus omnium Vesuvius, ts£t. The Confines of the Ficen- Kingdom of planted in the plea- fant Val’lies of this Country , a place which feemeth to the beholders thereof, a moll beautifull Embrodery or Arras work, where the nearer a man coraeth, the more pleafureincreafeth both to the eyes and the nofe , befides the Mirtle Trees, the Bayes, the Gelfomine, the Rofes, theRofenyry, and Flowers of fundry kinds, and other’the like Plants, from whence proceeds fuch a fragrant fmell, which mingled with divers odours , yields an admirable fweetnefs. Who can be able to declare the ornament and furniture of the Vines, from whence are had fuch fweet and delicate Wines ? Verily the places of this Region are fo delightfull and plea- fant that they are worthy to be numbred among the mod beautifull and mod de¬ licate of all Italy- And here the air is temperate and wholfome, and through all the year excellent hunting, both for fowls and beafts. In truth the Territory of this beautifull Region is filch, that all Italy hath not almoft the like, wherefore it may be called a perfeft work of Nature. In praife whereof that learned Julius Cefare Scaligero compofed thefe Vetfes. Medorum, & filvisfcecundas provocat auras, Pundit,& a biferis Indies! dona jugis. Qua Eorea gclidat furias contemnit ovantis Torva procellofi defpicit arma Noti Protinus Autumnus verts cum tempore cental, Et vercum Autumn»tempore ceHsit item- Bkt The HiJlorjt of the 24 Hue accejjit hjemes vener antibus uda capillis , Et peperit mirans, & fibipoma legit. Tuta marifruitur: terra dominatur amara, Et coeli mutat jura- quid ergo ? Dea. But having now made a defeription of this Country, which'beginneth at the mouth of the River Sarno, leaving the Cattle of Stable, going by the Mediterrane , four miles diftant from the faid River, is the City Noeeria, whereof M. Tullius and Li- Koceru. ma kes often mention; now called of the Pagans Nueera , becaufe the Saracint held it a certain time, their Army being overthrown at Garigliano by Pope John the tenth. This faid City is indued with the dignitie of a Dukedom under the Family of Carrafa. And in this City among others, are thefe Noble Families ,Pagano, Ri- naldo, and Vngro. On the right hand of Nueera are certain Hils, inthemidft whereof lieth the Land of Tramonti, fo called becaufe it is fituated between the Hils. At the fide of thefe Hils on the left hand, near to a very pleafant Valley, is Sanfeverino. Sanfeverino, a good and an excellent Country, from whence fas fome affirm) the noble Family of Sanfeverino derive their original, whereof have defeended more ex¬ cellent Warriers then were in the Trojan horfe, of whofe noble deeds Hifteries make fufficient mention , and whereof we have alfo difeourfed in the noble Families of Naples , whereto I refer the Reader. But returning to the faid Country (although it be of a later time) neverthelefs is very famous for the excellent Wiiies that are had out of the fertile Valleys thereof, which the Latines call Amineum vinum, whereof Virgil faith. Sunt & Animea vitis firmijjima vina. Some had opinion that from the ruines of the ancient City of Aminio j Sanfeveri- no fhould be builded, in which noble Cpuntry are many worthy Families, as the Cu- ' riale, Capacini, Caiano, Folliero, dell’ Abbadeffa, Pandone,Tefcara of Sarno , Sam- barbato. The water of Somewhat lower into the faid Valley is a Country called the water of Mela, of Mela. the Latines named Aqua Malofum , where died Queen 'Margarite of Duraaxo, wife to Charts the third , King of Naples. Near to the faid Country is a certain River which pafleth a few miles, but dives under the earth , running through cer- tain boles and Channels in the ground unfeen, the fpace of a hundred paces, and then rifeth out again fo great and clear as at the firft. On the right hand of the Valley, and of the River, upona hill; is the City of Cava, fo named by the fituati- Cava and the on where it ftandeth. For that Adalfer.io Pappacarbone, a noble Salernitan in the beginning year 91 o. drawn with holy zeal to do penance for his fins, retired himfelf into this thereof in the place, abiding in a certain Cave. The fame of his vertuous and holy life, encoura* year 910. gedmanytodo the like , whereupon in procefsof time it came to pafs that place Malfeiia Pap- wa smuch frequented for the worlhip and reverence of the facred Hermitages and pacarbme. Churches that were there;for the which Guaimaro the fixth. Prince of Salerno in the Cuaimaro, year 940.built for the benefit of the Monks of the Order o(S,Beneditt,a fumptuous Prince of Sa■ and {lately Monaftery, and indued ft with great Revenues. In procefs of time follow- lerm ,the 6 .an. j n g^ t [ )e Faid Monaftery was given in commendum to certain Prelates, but came af- terward into the pofleflion of the Cardinal Olivero Carrafa , who underftanding the good life of the faid Monks reftored it to them again , Pope Leo the‘*tenth a- greeing thereto ; at which time the Cavaioli defired of the faid Pope a Bifhops Sea, which they obtained , and moreover was ordained thac for maintenance of that Pa- ftoral Charge, the Monaftery aforefaid fhould give yearly to the Bifhop a thoufand and eight hundred Duckets of Revenue; and fo it appeareth thatthe Cavaioli had made a great beginning to their Cathedral Church. Thus much concerning the original of this City, where are thefe Noble Families, Anna de Curtis, Gagliardo, Longo, Ponza, Rocca, and Tof one. The CavaiUi are ingenious men , and of great Traffick; but above all, full of fpirit and courage , wherein generally appeareth in them a ready inclination to fight, and are very obftinate in their opinions, and therefore Kingdom of // f that a certain worthy Roman Confiantine in the year 33?. And Marcello RnfFo builded it, and that Lady called Amalfi. the daughter of ^ « ^“fn prteVs of time with much by her name ,r was ^Commonwealth under Dukes, andof- people, and was govern d many yea [hers w hich fought to trouble tentimes made War with the Salem » Grangers, it became very fa- them, and often had the better, and p y ^ Pot t j, e „ rcaC number mous for the Traffick of the Citizens t ere , t Merchandize, whereupon of (hips Which they bad failing every where.had[great M«cnana^ through the Traffick wffich the y niade 1 f — w Xraffick in£0 a |i his Calife King of E^.Pi whcreby they g bountifull gifts which the Territories, whchfiWour,w. tb large ^ ^ ^ ^ [hey Merchants of tAmalf b djff f ttle ot her places ted to It. Mary, commonly calledkhe in , while ate men ^The faid Religion was afterward approved by Pop t Uonmrn th « fec ®£ ’ in the vear 1127 The rule which was confirmed , went fo well forward that through the liberality of Princes they got great riches , and Ramondo of Pogg>° was created great Mafter thereof, \ernfalem be.ng afterward taken in the year 1187. by Salandine Emperor ofth tTurkj, the faid Kn, 8^ s '" c ^y ear of fortheirbabitation the Ifle of Rodes of Jfaacto Angeloxht fecond , E# Conftantinople, whereupon by means of their habitation they were called Kn g ° f Aftthist; thought good to fay, for to declare that this Noble .jd Sacred Re¬ ligion of the Knights, Imetime of St. fth* of femfakm, afetward of the Rodes and now of Malta, have had their beginning from the faid Amalfitam. Arngo Pantaleon fpeaking hereof, in his Hiftory thus writeth, Anno , 020. Interest Amalftani Celebris , etc pin gens Ithlm VartM pierces , enfque in folitas, & tUrcis gratifflmas in Orientem aavilrntdevcxernm , eft antem tA Kingdom of JA£ , full ofgoodly buil- dmrs and the feat of Nobility , where inthe principal Church thereof ispre- ferv 8 ed’within a grace, the miraculous bloud of St .Vantaleone which being black and hard as aftone, the day before and after its Feaft (as they fay) is hquid and rnoift as it was at the time when it was firft fpilt. The Noble Families of the Citv are thefe following, Acconciaioco, Alfano, Bove, Campanile, Confahve Cita- rella, Cafialdo, Curtis, de Vito, it Infcla, Venice, dc Fcggia, Frew, Fufco.Gnftone fufti, Lon go MufcetoU, Marra ,Veroto, Regain, Rujula, Rufi,co,Sajfo, Scone,ai- U and others. In thefe dales PW« Fofco Bifhopof Wo , hath much honou¬ red this City , who writ two learned Books, one of Vifitation and Church-Regi¬ ment, the other de Singularibu, in jure Vontificio. Going a little farther is Sea a, re-edified by the Longebards, in which City were thefe Noble Famihes Alfani Marini, Atrara, Bondeflo,Bonito,Caval,ero,Vr,Ja.ro qrtfone Manfella.Fm- ' do Kufola, S amnella, Sap del Cardinale, Staivano, Sebafiiam, and others. The faid City was burnt at the fame time with Amalfi, by the Emperor Lotharms the third becaufe they had been very favourable to Ruggiero the Norman, Kingot Naples, which was in the year 1125, but was afterward by the fame Cozens newly ^Defending after towards the fhore of the Sea , going from Amalfi, and fai¬ ling towards the Eaft, is a little Promontory called the Cape of Orfo very memo¬ rable for the Viflory Count Vhilip, Lieutenant to Andrea Dona had there , then Admiral of the King of France , againft the Emperial Army , where were taken prifoners, the Marquifs of Vaflo, and A fcanio C olonna, with the death of Don Vgo de Moncada Viceroy of Naples, and of Don Vietro di Cardona, and others; which thing was the caufe that Andrea Doria left the fervice of the French King , and joynedwith the Emperor Char Is the fifth. The occafions that moved Dona 10 leave theF rench party, we have difeourfed at full in the lives of the Kings otNa- pies and befides in the Annals of the faid Kingdom. Going-along by the Conr tinent of the Land, you come to Vieteri, called of the Latines, View Veterum, and Fetus Vrbs, where ate many delightfull and pleafant Villages, and going a lit¬ tle farther a mile diftant from the Sea,appeareth the raoft ancient and famousCity of Salerno, the Head both of this Region, apd alfo of Bafilicata , builded near the River of TiiW.which rifeth from the A pennine, where alfo fpringeth Drumcn to, which runneth down into the Adriatic^ Sea, the faid City is lituated at the foot of an arm of the A pennine , it hath in the front or fore-parr, fertile and fpacious fields, behind and on the left fide high Mountains, on the right tide the Tirrene Sea, which is fo near, that the wals are watred therewith; and from which a Gulf very perilous is fo named, which Mariners now call the Gulf of Salerno ; which by theLatincs is named Sinus Feflantu pom the ancient City of Vefte ,which is now * whnllv 2 9 om of Z^JTLES. wholly ruinated,as is to be feen in the midft of the (hore.Threugh all theTerritory of Salernofite feen pleafant Gardens ful of Oringes.Limons and Citrons,and other excel'ent fruits,and al the year there are Flowers.which fecm as a perpetual Spring, through the happy influence of the heavens, wherefore Horace faith. Quod fit biemi velia, quod ccelum valla Salem. and therefore all the fruits that grow there are of Angular perfedion.and efpecially Pomgranates, and the Appian Apple, whereof is written. Omnia mala , mala,prefer A ppia Salernitana. The Grain Rice, which is there in great abundance , is very excellent and worthy praife ; there are alfo precious Wines, and mod pleafant in tafte. Salerno was fo named by the River Silare , whereof Lucan fpeaketh inhis fecond Book , R adenfque Salcrne tclia Siler. But who fhould be the Founder thereof, no Writer hath made any mention. Yet the Citizens fay, that Sem, the fon of iVoe built it, and for authority thereof, alleadg an ancient Hymn which their Clergy were wont to flng the r 5 of May , in celebrating the Feaft of the Tranflation of St F ortunato, Caio, and A mhe, the which Hymn chus beginneth, 0 Salernum civitas nobilis Q uam edificavit Sem Noe filius Non tunfed faipbloram meruit cotlaudaris- It is true that it was an ancient Colony of the Romans, who fortified it and put therein a flrong Garifonof Souldiers, for the doubt and diftruft they had or thePicentini Lucani, and Brutii, which were aflcmbled together with Hannibal, whereof Strabo in the end of his fifth Book thus vvriteth, Vicentum vero Metro, volu erat quondam Ticentia , nunc vero per vicos vitam agunt, ab Romanis expulfi propter initam cum Annibale focietatem. Quo quidem in tempore, pro militan officio, Hf. ‘-ji.itoris publici ant tabellaris operam explerent ajfifnati funt, quemadmtdiim, Ltttani & "Brutii eafdem ob caufas. Taulum auttm Jupra mare Romani Salernum cuflodU qratia in eos munierunt, &c. Afterward under the'Tnumyirat ofr,. Sem- pronio Lonoo Conful, and of M- Servilio, and of C. Minucio, Thermo, was made a Colony at the fame time with Ponae/e, Vulturno, Lintumo, and Buxento, and from thattime following was that City confederate with the Romans and go¬ vern’d as their Commonwealth , nor ever was itunfaithfull unto the revereua Maieftv of the Roman Empire, by which means itincreafed in honour, and grew veri populous;- but alwaics defended it againft the fury of Barbarians But I- t dj being afterward overrun by the Longobards, Salerno came alfo under their Dominion, and fo in the year of Chrift8 3 9. Sicardo the 18. Duke of Benevento, and fifth Prince, being flain by Naningone, Radelchi theTreafurer took the Prm- “pahtyof Benevento, all things bong then in hurly-burly: The Salernitans grudgmg at that Eledtion, and to be alwaics fubjeft to the Beneventam, with fecret praHifes attempted to wring the Seigniory from the hand of Radelchi and S the fame to S ichmolfo, the brother of the late flam Sicardo, who was then m prifon at Taranto ; but they perceiving fo great an enterprife could not be well undertaken without the help of the Amalfitam made league with them, andfo by common advice fent a Bark well armed, under (hew to buy certain earthen Veffels which with great fecrecy they fent to Taranto , where the Bark anved ana they landed thofe to whom the charge of fo great affairs were committed , fo or¬ dered the matter that they came thither by night, and not knowing where to re¬ main were received by the G?.oler,under whofe cuftody that miserable Sichinolfo continued, whom they corrupted with money, and made fo drunk wi h wine be¬ came therewith fo dtowfic, that eafilytheybrakesup the prifon, and nolfo wherewith they merrily entred their Bark and came to Salerno wh-re the Seal Sichinolfo being advanced by his partakers and favorites they drove away and killed the Officers and adherentsof Radelchi, and proclaimed him Prince and Lord in the year 840. there joyned with S ichmolfo, Landolf*. Count of Capon, and (ikewif/in favour of him came Orfo, and Radolmondo, the One Lord 0. fotiia Horace in his Epi hies. Sale rno,why ifwas focal- led,and by whom it was built. Salerno ,a Co, lony of the Romani. Strabo,\ib. 5 . Salerno a Co¬ lony of the Romani. , Salem under the dominion ofthe Longi- baris. Siotfda.Duke of Benevento (lain. Sichinolfo , Prince of Sa¬ lerno, ,41:. ?4d 3o i The Saracins of Sicilia cnttr Calauria. Lodi vice King of Italy ma- keth a divifi- on of the State. Anno 847. The death of Sichinolfo. Sh 0 te. Lodov; coding of Italy recal¬ led by the Longobards. Adamario 2 Prince. Danferio 3 Prince. Guaiferio 4 Prince. GUaimaro $ Prince. Gifulfo 6 Prince. The body of St. Matthew the Apoftle brought to Salerno. Landolf 7 Prince. G uaimaro the 8 Prince. TheEmperor Currado eri- treth Italy. The Hijlory of the and the other of Ager n^a. Radelchi feeing fo dangerous a confpiracy at hand, and fearing though he delayed no time, they would rtotwithftanding gather grea- rerforce , with an incredible courage caufed his people to be affembied , and got together a goodly Army, wherewith he came againft Sa/crwo; whom Sichinolfo deferred no time to incounter; having all thefe people united together, Salerni- tani, Capoani, Argentini, and Conzani, and coming with him to hard Broke?, re¬ mained conqueror , having put the Beneventani to flight, and many of them cut in pieces, won their Quarters, and took from them many Enfignes. Whereupon with plenty of fpoil and glory, entred Salerno with great triumph; and having got fo great ftrength , which was not only fufficient to defend , but alfotoafTail the enemy in his own quarter, With a mighty Army came againft B enev'ento But the Beneventani being notable to indure , that to the ill-fortune of the firft over¬ throw (hould be annexed new ignominy , became fo defperate to be thus difpara- ged, charged the back of S ichinolfe with the uttermoft of their fury , forcing them to retire, and turn their back, having put to the edg of the fword not a few of thofe which were not fpeedy for their own fafety. The Saracins of Sicilia under- ftanding thefe ftirs, unwilling to omit fo good an occafion, incontinently entred Calauria, and overcame Taranto , going again d Puglia, a City of the fame Pro¬ vince, put it tofword and fire. Iri the mean time Lodovico King of Italy being invited by Lon done , Count of of Capon, fon of Landolfo, to yield fottie redrefs to the affli&ed flare of the Lon¬ gobards , having cut the Saracins in pieces, made divifion of the Principality be¬ tween Sichinolfo and Radelchi, who remaining Prince of Bf«e/me,with the bounds of that State, and Sichinolfo pofleffing the reft , with title of Prince of Salerno, which was in the year 847. and fo was made the divifion of the Principality of Be- nevento between thefe Lords; and now began the tide of the Principality of S a. term. The Arms of thefe Princes now laid afide . Sichinolfo no long time aftet enjoyed the fruits of his great labours, being aflaiied with a grievous ficknefs, de¬ parted this life.having by Itta his wife left one only fon, by the name of his grand- fire called S icone ; who being alfo a child , left him to the tuition of Pietro his Goflop. Sichinolfo reigned little more then ten years with fame and the reputati¬ on of a liberal and a valiant man, to whom Radelchi was not much inferior, who having reigned twelve years lacking one month, died the year 8^ c. leaving heir of bis eftate his fon Radelgario. Lodovico King of Italy being gone , the Saracens that held the City of B ari, began by little and litrle to fpread over Puglia , and to prey and fpoil the Coun¬ try, the which thing proceeding hapiply, partly encouraged them to fpread even to the Tirrene Sea, foraging and miferably fpoiling Calauria , and partly to run tho- row all the Principality of Benevento, whereupon the Longobards being unable to refift fo many evils, recalled Lodovico again into Italy , who delayed no time to come, and having with many battels brought the Saracins to extream mifery, con¬ ceiving indignation againft S icone , banifhed him from Salerno , and conftituted Prince thereof Ademario fonof ‘Pietro. To Aaemario fucceeded ‘Danferio , and to him guaiferio ,and next after guaimaro, who died the year 950. by whofe death his fon gifulfo fucceeded in the Principality , in whofe time things were in fotne quiet. In the year 994 the body oiSt.Matthew the Evangelift was brought to Salerno , which had been firft in Ethiopia, where he fuffered martyrdom; and after in Brit- tain , was found by revelation of the fame .faint, the Authors of that age writ, that three years after were feen two Tuns, and that in the Month of fuly, two daies together, all the Sea which is between Naples and Cuma, became fweet. gifulfo was a mercifuil and valorous Prince, and began in the honour of the faid Taint, a magnificent and ftately Church, beautified with high and mighty Pillars of Marble, and under the Alter beftowed the facred body of the faid Taint, (where they fay ) is feen much Manna, which alwaies iflning from his reverend bones, are often the occafion of admirable effeds, gifulfo dead , the Principality fell to Landolfo , who being pofieft with zealous and holy devotion , continued Monk, and in the year 998 refigned hss State to Guaimaro, the fon of the other Guaimaro. 3 « Kingdom of AT LES t In the year after 1038. the Emperor Corrado entring Italy for the difpleafure he conceived againft the Archbifhop of MiHan, and undemanding the injuries and tortures which the Prince of C a P°* d° ne t0 t!,e lvlonks °f C“f t,la > being very difhoneft and wicked, the Emperor came with his Army to the Mount Cafintt,ana again underftanding the lamencations and complaints of the Fathers, incontinent¬ ly went to Capon. The Prince fearing him , retired into the Fort of St. eAgata, the which he one day doubting his ill dealings, had caufed to be very ftrongly for¬ tified; whereupon the Emperor being not able to lay hold of him. deprived him of the Principality, and gave the fame to Guaimaro, Prince of Salerno. Cuaima- ro being now become a mighty Prince , through the uniting together of fo many oreat poffeffions, received AmbafTadors from Mainacc, Lieutenant of the Empe¬ ror of Greece, defiring him to give him aid of his Normans , he being with 3 mighty Army of Grecians, and many Calaurians, and Puglians, in expedition to expel! the Saracins out of Sicilia. To whom the Prince fent Gv.glielmo , Dragone, and Vnfrido,the fons of Tancred with 300 other Normans, a fmall number , but valiant people, with the which they recovered a great part of Sicilia. Now the Prince Cfuaimaro growing proud with fo great felicity, ill intreated the Salemitani, whereby becoming odious to all, they took one day occafion, that as he went to recreate himfelf upon the fhore of Salerno , toaffaulc him , and gave him deadly wounds ; and afterward in contempt of him , they drag’d him a long time about the Walls of the Fortrcfs and the City. But Guido Lord of Sur- rento inviting the Normans to aid him , neglefted not the revenge of his brothers death, having recovered the City, and put Gifulfo his fon into his Fathers Seignio- tv, executed 40. for the death of the Prince. ' But within a few years following, Gifulfo gtew into controverne with Ruberto Normando Duke of Pugliabh Coufin, the Duke with a ftrong liege begirt Saler¬ no, where finding the Prince grievoufly fick, died not long after and fo came the Principality of Salerno under the Normans, who after with the title of King, governed the whole Kingdom, from whofe dominion in the yean 195- “ the Houfe of Stttvia, by the right of Queen Conftancc.thc only heir thereoffrom whence it cameto pafs in the year 1265. that Char Is of having flam Man- fred, and overcome Currandine under the French , created his firft begotten fon, cal’d Churls the lame, Prince of Salerno, who fncceeding in the Kingdom, was the lecond of that name. Afterward the Kingdom came under the Durazze, which Queen lone the fccond having a defire to recompcnce in fome meafure the fervices which Antonio Color, na had done for her.created him Prince of the faid City .which Seigniory retained certain years, untill Alfonfus of Arragon the better to fettle his toot in the Kingdom,having with large promifes drawn unco him Ra.mondoOr- r.no Count of NhU, a puifant Lord, to bind him the more unto him, madefutn Pence thereof which dignity remained no long time in that houfe, for that it fell into the Kings Exchequer by rebellion of Hansel Orfino , thewhich Principality King FtCrnando in the year 1463- gave to Ruberto Saufevenno Count of Marfico, 1* Treat Admiral. Norwich Handing that Seigniory continued not foog them for that Ferr.mt the third. Prince, made rebellion agamft the Mayfly of r - whereby all his efface wasconfifcace ; and fo from thenceforth the (aid City w; ; > made a part of the Kings demefnes; now K «mameth peaceable under the protedion of the moll potent Catholick, King Phtlsp All this I thought good todedare the better to fawfie the Reader, how this fa- mous 'irv c ime under Princes, and lad of all their Kings. Bu r ivvft returning to fpeak of other things, which give no fmall ornament to this C '■ ■ one thing is the publick and famous School, which for a long time hath alwa’ies florifhed in every faculty, andefpecially in Philofophy and Pbifick, for which it was called the City Hippocratica ; Trancifco Tetrarca fpeakuig there¬ of in his Commentary, thus writeth. Guaimaro (lain by the Saler¬ nitans. Ruberto Nor¬ mando Count 1 of Puglia, mi Prince of Sa- lerne. King Claris t made Prince of Salome. Ramondo Crfmo Count olNola. Ruberto San- feverint, Prince of Sal lert 10,1463. Salerno a Re¬ gal c ‘ty. 'Fxijfehic Medicinafentem tefiator antiejuitas'. At A 3 Z The Hijiory bf the And although it be a moll ancient famous Univerfiry, neverthelefs it is faid, that in the year of Chrill 802. (Jharh the great inftituted it , atwhichtime twoothers were founded by him , the one in Baris , and the other in 'Bologna. This City is very plentiful! of all fiecelfary things for the fullenance of living creatures, and the univerfi- >n ‘ c ' s c ^ e Kings Audit, and the Treafury of the Province. The Citizens there- ty of Salerno °f are very ingenious and nice, and Very much inclined to the exercife of wea- founded by pons, and learning, andtoallvertuousindeavours, they are alfo very courteous chuU the and modeft, and generally in all appeareth a certain natural civility: the Nobility great,j 8 divided from the people in three Quarters or t ourts, which they eall Scggi, and are thefe, Porlanoya, Portaretefe ,e loCqmpo , in the which Seggi are thefeNoble on of the Sal Families following. In Bortanova are oyoverfani, Capograjfi, C omits, dello lattice, letnitans. (Jrillo Lofigo, Mazza, Morra, Pagano, Pinto, Sants Mango, Salernitano, de S tafa- no del 'Barone dlAccadia, Scattareticbi, Serlucht, & Vicarii. In Bortaretefe are The noble thefe, Aiello, Coppola, Ca peano. Curtate, del Pezzo, Cjuarna, Pagliari. Pantoliauo, Families of Prignano, Manganare, Borta, Rafcichi, Rugiero, and Viva Ido. In the Segge of Salerno. Campo, Cafie/lomati, (fiavafelice, David del Regente, del Pezzo, Cjranito, Guardato, Grillo , Ruggio , Sciabichi, S aliment, and Trenlacapitti, There are alio many o- ther ancient and Noble Families, the which for that they are not comprehended in a ny of the faid Seggs, I think it not amifs at this time to make no mention of them. And therefore you are to underlland , that although of the Family of Pezzo there is mention made in two of thefe Seggs , yet for all that are they not two different Families, but one and the fame, being a thing very manifeft, that their o- riginal came from Collen , a famous City of Germany , where atthis prefent is a branch of the ancient ftock , and defeended from John del Pezzo, a valiant and famous Captain, which wandring along time, ferved in the Wars both hereand there , whereupon by means of the Wats which were in Italy, came hither, fol¬ lowing the faflion of the Arragonefe , and as he was very expert in military di- feiphne, (hewing much maturity of wit, and invincible courage, of an excellent mind , and incomparable wifdom to refolve the difficulty of the affairs of Warr. He was in great eftimation with Alfoxfus the firfi King of Arragon , from whom he obtained many bountifull and rich gifts. Of the valour and magnanimity of the faid John , a certain large priviledg maketh fufficient mention , which I have feen , made by the fame King , under the date of Caftiglione of Pefchiera , in the year 1448. and 2 3 of January, in the which priviledg was decreed that one Pietro de Bifcolis Ihould not prefume to bear for his Arms, a Lion fejant or. with the tail through his legs, and turning up towards the head above a fejfear. 'mifieldgu. declaring that thefe Arms were the ancient Enfignes and C oat Armor of the laid Family. Befides, the faid Family profperetb in many other Corporations, in di¬ vers places, as Pietro de Pezzo descending of John, went to Amalfi to the Govern¬ ment of that State, was comprehended in the number of the Nobility of that Ci¬ ty, and Luke his brother ferving the Duke of Amalfi) Marquifs of Quafie, in the Warsof Lombardy, being a Captain of much renown, in his return, paffingby Rome, was by the Decree of the Senate made with his fuccefTors of the race and line of the Roman Senators, the which line is now to be feen, in the Segge of the Nobility of Campo, in Salerno. And Francefico delBtzzo the fon of Pirro , be- ing by the favour of King Philip created Auditor of the fame Province was reck¬ oned among the Nobility of the Segge of Portaretefe. This Family hathalwaies had excellent men, both in Learning and Military affairs- And among others, Don Jeronimo del Pezzo, a noble man, well qualified , which for his excellent parts was by the favour of King Philip , honoured with the Order of the Knights of St. James. And among the red John Andrea, Knight of St. John of Malta, whjch valiantly fighting in the enterprife of Zara died there; and now liveth with much honour, Silvio, Knight of the fame Malta , and of fincere life and lingular lear¬ ning befides the Lord Cefare del Pee.e.0 Bifhop of Sulmo. What they were in old time their royal iffue fufficiently declares; the men of this Family have been Lords of many Cadies and great revenues. But in thefe daies they pofTefs the Baropy of Sc. Mango in (fiilento , and the Barony of Prato, St. Bro in the Coun. ty of Aquilat the one is Baron Tiberio del Pes^o defeending of Luke , a Lord of mofi^ 5 ? Kingdom of J^JTLES. moft pleafing behaviour and a great lover of vertue (which is one of thcrarcft Noble men of thefe daies)the other poffeffeth Horteniio del P«„ Dortor of Law and defeended from P»m before faid. * Now returning to Salerno , in whofe reverend Churches the bodies of manv Saints are in reft, whereof Marc. Antonio MarfiKo Colonna, Arch-Bifhoftof the fame City, very largely difeourfeth. Many ingenious and learned perfons have given great ornament to the faid City , as in Phifick Man to Silvatio , who at the inftance of King Ruben writ Aphonfms, of Phifick: Trou, or TrotuU de Rueoie- ro, a woman of great learning, which compofed a book ‘De morbu mulierum& torumeura, and another de compofittone medicamentorum. Abella which very learnedly writ two books in Verfes.the one de Atrabile, the other de naturafemi- *" human,. Mercurial compofed four books, the firft de Crifi,. the kcoad de fe- bre pe/hlentiale, the third de cur a ulcerum exteriorum , and the laft dcunnuentU Re- btccaGuarna Vttltdefebribus de urinis , O' de Embrione. Boccuccio Grille writ *• dijferentits pulfuum ,& de febrium caufis. John of P roeida , although he were Lord of the Hie of and rdf,a , and other Nations to fell tiff u Th ‘ s C'ty contended with Capoa for the precedence, and in the ge- n^. C S , tatcs ,n tbe pubhek Parliament at Naples, which could not be fimlhedforthe obftinacy and wilfulnefs of the Fattens, the claim and contention, the Cathohck King Ferdinando, moderated fo the matter, that he ap- pomted Capoa to fpeak, faying that it Ihould fpeak before Salerno. The Arms of this City is in a fold d^.ur under the Evangelift S .Matthew the protedor thereof rh b r rrS i r 'c n a &l -' v- 6 Wh ' th Enfi 2 nes arc the Arms of Hungaria, Which Churls' the fecond of Angto King of Naples gave to the faid City, becaufe his wife Man the only daughterof King fucceeded in the aforefaid Kingdom of Hun g f ' 2 'rm fa ' d Kl ° S Ch<>r S bCmS bcfore ( as hatJl been declared; created Prince of Leaving Salerkomi Sakfeverlno twelves miles off, upon the fide of a Hill is fhTu’u 1 J ,et . h b f" e u c h Plain * and tIle Caftle is feared higher upon the Hill, which overlooked both the Town and the Country. From hence wal¬ ing towards Naples abouta mile and half, we encounter the head of the River '(Ze\d Tv* C u e » hlch IS a j n e " trance or P af fage guarded with a Tower, naturally fortified by the River and the Hill; the which place by the Inhabitants of the country is named the mouth of Same :The faidcountry is adorned with the dignity ah ’ f° the Fam ' iy There are in it thefe Noble hou- ies, Abbignente, Alteda, BaUer am, Lupo, Pundone, M ontuoro, Romandia , deSpc- , * ' T chib: Marc. Antonio Marfilio Colon, ntf,^rchbifhop of Salerno. Fame us men in Phifick* Matteo Sihatio Trotula. Abella. Mercurial. Rebecca Guar¬ na. Boccuccio Gttl- In. John de Froci. da ,Anther of the Sicilian li¬ vening. Paolo Grifigna- no Francefco de Alfano. Anicnello di Rugiero. Pietro Bailar¬ do. Jthn Cola di Vicario. Carlo di Ruggie¬ ro. John Angelo Papia. Pirro Alfano. Pmponio Lieto Andrea Guarna Benedetto Rue- gio. Ti e Fairs of Salerno. Sat hoi The River Sarr.oi 34 Montaro• Montecorvino • Prcentia >a fa¬ mous City , why it was defiroyed by the Romans. Acerno. The City Catvpagna. $t. Antony the T Abbar,411.625. Conntrfi, Quaglietti. Avoir. VirgH in the ofhis Greorg. A woman changed to man. Anno 1460. The Hijlory of the chio and others. Six miles after we come to Montoro, and not far off is the wor¬ thy Country of Montecorvino , built in a beautifull valley at the foot of a Hi!!, near the which , in a place which they now call Pattipaglia, arc feen the mines of the (lately and ancient City of Picentia, called by Strabo, ‘Picentum , which was deftroyed by the Romans, becaufe it was confederate with Hannibal the Car¬ thaginian. Eight miles off, near Acerno is feen among the Hils, Campana, a Ci¬ ty (o called becaufe it is fituated in the borders of the Province of happy Campa¬ nia and the faid City is inAironed by two little Rivers , the onecalled A tro, and the other Tempfa , the which are full of fifh; and the Territory thereof is pare plain and part fully , where are thick Woods of Oak, and therefore very good hunting both for Fowls and Bealls, the plain thereof is almoftall full of Olive Trees, and Vines, and in the defert Hils are often taken goodly airs of flrange Falcons. Of this City was the holy man S t. Antonio a Monk of the Order of St. BenediB, who in the year 625, being created by his Monks, Abbot in the Mo- naftery of the City Sorrento,went thither,where living godly,there died afterward, whereupon in token of his good life , God fhewed after his death many miracles, and in particulars towards thofe which are vifited with evil fpirits, whofe holy body the Sorentini with great reverence keep within their City , neither (lick they to fay that he was their Citizen. There are in the faid City, thefe noble Families, BernaUa, Campamno, Cimineflo, Greco, querrieri, de Nigris, Viviano, Tercafia, and others Now liveth with much honour to this City ,Auguftino, and Detio Bernalli , both Dodlorsof the Law , and very learned , and great lovers of vertue. The (aid City was in the time of the ancient Kings indued with the dig¬ nity of a Count, but in the year 15 30. the Emperor Charts the fifth advanced it to the Title of a Marquifs, in the perfon of Honor at 0 qrimaldo Gem-nay, Lord of Monaco, under the endalement (to fpeak like a Lawyer) to hold it as a feudicory > liegman, and not with thefucceflion of inheritance , whereby he that is Lord of theCaftle of Monaco, and (hall defend it at the pleafure of the King of Naples, f doth fucceed to the faid Marquiftiip. Eight miles diftant is the Country of C on- turfo the which is compaffcd with the Rivers Sele and Negro, it hath a mod pure Climat, and a plentifull Territory; of the faid Country was that excellent and learned man Antonio Pepb, called by his firname Peperone, which was Judge of the great Court of the Vivaria in Naples , and writ a book de omni vero officio, John Cola Pepi was very inward with the King Farnando , which for his great skill and experience in the I.aws, was by the faid King made his Connceller, and to fames his brother he gave the Bilhoptick of Capaccio. No lefs learned in thefe daies is SerterioPepi* man Angularly qualified and very faithful!. This Noble Family hath for a long time ruled the faid Country, with other Cadies. Going then four miles is Quaglktta y a little Caftle; and no more then iz miles didant, but from Salerno i8. we come to the fair and ancient Country of Evolo, by Ptolomy called Ebulum, which wasbuilded by the people Eborini, fo naming it by the fird fon of Jupiter King of Athens, the faid City dands not far from the River Sele, and the River Tufciano , the current or dream palfeth along by the Walls thereof, named by the Country people, Tpliero , which Virgil calieth Ta- 5 nagro, when he faith , S icci ripaTanagri. The River Se/ecalled by 'Strabo, Siler, rileth in the Apennine, where the River Aufido hath his beginning, which runneth by Apulia , and falleth into the Ionian Sea , near Barletta three miles; hut Sele runneth towards the South , and leaving Campania by Bafiiicata , in the end fal¬ leth into the Tirrene Sea. The faid River (according to Strabo, Pliny, and Sill 10 Italico) hath the property to change into a done whatfoever is put therein keeping the colour, and the fird form thereof. It is reported by grave and credible Au¬ thors, that in the time of Jone of Angie, the fird of that name. Queen of Naples ; took the Scepter of the Kingdom, a woman of Svcli , having brought forth a fon, became her felf a man. It is alfo verified that in the year 1460. in the fame City, a woman called Emilia , rnaried to one Antonio Spenfd, after (he had lived 1 2, years with her faid husband, was changed to a man, and Pontano which knew her, tedifieth that afterward (he exercifed the office of a man, and bdides took a wife, and that allowing her a dowry, by commandment of King Ferdinando, the Judge inferring Kingdom of fAfATLES. mforcmg the faid Antonio to yield it her. The fame John Tontano , a maimt her divine then mortal, w.tneffeth inhis tenth book of Celeftial things which Anto- moPanormita rec.teth, that a woman of Qaeta, after 14 years (he had been ufed by her husband, her natural member fuddenly altered, and file became a man Wherefore to avoid the from, that were made thereof both by men and women, be-’ came a Frier and fo lived all the remainder of her life, where the faid fSal affirmeth to have known her and that (he was buried in Rome in the Temple of y he f° re r thac f f emeth not fo wonderfull which P/% writeth in the fourth Chapter of the feventh Book of his natural Hiftory , which things with all that appertain , feem rather impolTible then miraculous ; nevcrthelefs for my felt I cannot deny the authority ot fuch perfons, and especially that which Philo- fophy cannot only not deny, but alfo approve, for that according to Philofophers and Phifictans, the man differeth not, nor is known from the woman by any mem ber but by being either too hot or too cold , becaufe the nature of man without all doubt is more hot then that of women, and by the power of this heat it fo fal- leth out, that nature driveth outthat member in men , which in women by reafon of their coldnefs remaineth inward, whereupon it may be, that after fome cer¬ tain time , or by fome meat, or the air , or by fome other occafion that coldnefs may be fo inflamed and heated, that it may now do that,which in the birth it could rot. ^ But returning to JEW; , the faid City hath very fertile Territories , and fpaci- ous fields, abounding with all good things beneficial fortheufe of living crea¬ tures, whereof the faid City glorying, beareth for Arms, the four Elements The r b p °" eS St. Bern,ero lie iwith great reverence in it, in a glorious Church, dedica- ted to St. Veter the Apoftle, a: whofe Sepulchre (as they fay; God fheweth won- derfull miracles towards tbofe which are pofleft with evil fpirits. From the faid Country eight miles, near to the River Silarc is the reverend Church of St. Vito where refteth his faid holy body.together with Modi ft 0 and QrtfcentU theNurfe- whereupon all thofe which are bitten with mad-dogs repair hither, and by the in l terceflions of the faid St. Vito (as they fay; are prefently healed. r , T .fl ere , are “*F f3, r d Country thefe noble Families, firavita, CUrio , Cordon, Ckriftophero CnfpoFulgia^Piorenza, Gent,Icon, Cranato, Cinliano, Liaoro de X% 0 , Malacarm-Marcancione, Mir to, Monaco, M.llone de Novellis, Orlo Del¬ la Vma, Verrctta, Ragoni, Raghi , Rujfo , Sacco, Troiano, and others. Gomg from Evoli no more then twelve miles, is K^naro, a good Country fo caded for the abundance of water which invironeth it round about. That R.’va dre Uatthiafuono, firnamed Ayuario, of the Order of Preachers, hath given great ’ ° f ‘if I . e * rm “ 8 of this man , man y V^orks written by him arefufficient teftimony, that is to fay, certain learned difeourfes upon all the principles of Log,ck, natural Philofophy, Metaphifick, and the Soul, upon the tour Books of Sentences, and anorher book in particular of the exquifite lear¬ ning of the controverfies between St. Thomas and all the other Doftors and Phi¬ losophers, with a brief difeourfe de memoria artificiali, & de fignificationibm ter- minorumjuxta doBrinam SanBi Thome. The faid learned man died in the year forward is the Country of Olivito , the natural Country ot Camilla Borrello, an excellent Lawyer. Olivito was fo named becaufe the Ter ritory thereof is full of Olives; But leaving thefe Mediterranean places, and walking the ruinous way by the Ihore, we come to Agropolo, where is reported, that through the delicacy of the air.women at twelve ycarsofage are capable of husbands, like to theCipriots which at that timelofe their virginity. After we come to the Caftle of oJbau is the Cape of Licofa, firft called the Promontory ofVcffidoniate ; hard by is the Caft’e of Rruca , a rehque of old Veha, with the River EleBe which taketh the name from the City of Elea , and hither the Romans fent to Celebrate their accu- fittk Ifles of h F t0 C‘ reS vT, G ° ddefS -,■ 1 i efore the Country of Elia are the two little Hies of Enotne, which have two little artificial Havens, the one called ;/>- cw, and the other P ontia. Afterward appeareth upon a high hill Cammenta in a fmall circuit of ground, budded (as (ome affirm) by therelitjues of theanci- F * tnf Jchn Pontano , Li. io.de afiris. Pliny,lib ^.c. 4 If a woman may cum to be a man. The body of St.Eerniero. The body of St.Pi to. The noble Fa: mijies of Evo - The Country Aquario. Mdlthja Juono. The Country of Olivito. The Country of Agropoli. The air of Agropoli , and the effect rher- of. Tre Caftle of Abbare. The Cape of Li co fa. The Caftle of liruc a. The River Elttle . The IfJes of Enotrie, I facial an,d Pontia t Tile Country of CdnhUerht. The Hijlory of the The City Moi¬ l'd deftroyed. The Haven of Saprico , now called the gulf of Fulicaflro. Saponara. Mar(j co. The difpofiti- on of the peo¬ ple of this Province. A Proverb. The Arms of this Province. ( ... ft a ndeth but a little diftant. Going afterward fome Z’Xlffy «w» • »«» ents call the Haven Saprico , is c,t y of s *f rt > now named Bomn. Within th^Land Icapaccio, fc* -d Valley of .fade from whence upon a hill is a Country called Atane, on the other fide is P o la, T,to and led becaufe the hils are full of Sage, whereupon becaufe in this Valley nleth a great Wind of water which the City of Di„, dead’ his fon S tear do fuccccdcd in the reigned 12 years and 6 month V . /£•- c i n Vthitm ol efted the Kingdom : But State, which made great wars with ^SttcWtliat ^ do fe ubting left perceiving afterward they a ]fl j 0 f t hacSea, fent through all thofe in time they would overrun all the Klanas « m and caufed places to fearchouttheJodies of Saint Am0 ng which the moft them to be brought to BfMfwwt" with great rtve ^ of St ; Bar'hol- excellent and worth.eft work he did Was hat ucc^^ ^ the yeat ?i9 . .. r WtI ' e vCed? VeaCs wanting 2 months. ^ After the death of Sic**, ^delcbi the year 8 S°- /fuccelTor Radelchi his brother , though by fome Writers he Mmt c ^ ns yeat S53. and left hisfuccellor km* w faith ; g 7? . A f is called Ml&ifio, * luc ™ j"/“ i eC tSncipality of Benem Who held . terward Gulden the fon 0 & & ( • rn ^ uccecde( i the year 876. Radelchi his Cou- it buc two years and half and to f Principality 3 years lacking 9 months. Cn, fon of the ? r 1 ^ ^ ^ c a me iri to thcpoiTefhon of 2w»ie,the ycargyy.under ThePrmcipality of Scxfvem .cameinto > J theSiracin j belnga i ra *ft the lpaceof whole Regiment > and ’ cofnm ,tted infinite evils through the 40 years fetled in a place ca e „ r hrf mikh’iefs which were done mthe year 884. the Difterftfm Country of Lavoro. Amongo , b j oC long after departed Bafiko, of Bmevemo they burnt the Monaftery of Mom ^ £ ^ isfirftbe _ rofUfll.y the Emperor of Co ^^Vthe Pnnce l» e taking occafion by the death of the gotten fon, in which t his State revolted; whereupon Leone having endu- Ca pij 0 was a . Emperor, the greateft part of . ‘ , int h e year 891 he fent againfl him a ftrong certain jhgm- red this injury certain years, at g atrizi„ w hc being three months en- tywhich itie Army .under the command of Wue d it 31:’years after it had beenpof- ^cewere camped about Btneve ,«, b t he firft, Duke of Benevenfo unrtll accu ft onn ed to feffedby the Lombards, beg^ noffelt the Dukedom of Benevento, lifed be So* on ’ this time. LLcionh Fatritio, by whom the laid their^r- fomc Jay fig- . The Sar—ins defiroyed by , the Saracinsin the year 884. Leone Empe- rorof Conjian- tinople. 40 The Hiftoryof the profperity. Atenolft being now made Caftaldo of Capua, was afterward in the year 899 ;entituled Prince of Capoa and Benevento, in the which houfe for the fpaceof 163 years that Seigniory remained. Atenolfo died the year 914. and Atenolfo and Landolfo his fons fucceeded him in the Principality. Atenolfo died about the year 946: and the Principality only remained to Landolfo, which by thac molt valiant Prince Luitprando, received many overthrows, and died the year 951. and left that Principality to his ion Fandolfo, which was firnamed Iron-head. The Anno 996. prince Pandolfo departed this life the year 966. and left eight fons, whereof Lan- Othi fheTgo' do//« his firft begotten had the Principality, and died the year 982. and Landenol- eth about to fo took the Government of the State, which was (lain the year 991. The Prince takeaway Landenolfo dead , his brother Laidolfo fucceeded in the Seigniory, which conti- homVenewnto nn€C j not J 0 ng in the Principality, in whofe place was in the year 996. created Bartholma Prince Pandolfo of St. Agata his fon, in which year the Emperor Otho the third the Apoftle. was Crowned in Rome, under whofe Principality Hiftorians recite, that the Empe¬ ror going about to take away from ’Benevento the body of St. Bartholmetv, the A- poftle, there was given him inftead thereof the body of Sr. Vaolino , Bifhop of : B(o!a ; of which deceit being informed, made War with the Beneventani, but growing gtievoufly fick, raifed his fiege , and as he much defired , returned into Cjermany, little regarding the heat of Summer; being come into his natural Coun¬ try, departed this life the year of our Lord 1001. andfo the Beneventany were Hear} the 2 Emperor,by many named the nrft- BenediB the’ 7 by fome cal¬ led the 8. How Bineven . to came under the dominion oftheChurch. Rnberte Gui- i fcard created Duke of Fk- glitmACt- liuria. Ruggiero the Norman, King of Naples, pof- fefl Benevento. Biihops of R me. Orbilio Gram- mattVor Rofred 5, and Odtfredo, fa¬ mous Law¬ yers. delivered of fo grievous a War. Henry the fecond fucceeded in the Empire by the election of the Princes ofGer- many, who in the year 1022. levying a mighty Army came into Italy to the preju¬ dice of the Greeks, andunderftanding the ill demeanor and moft wicked procee¬ ding of the Prince Bandolfo , took the Prince prifoner, and carryed him along with him into Cjermany, and the Principality of Capoa he beftowed upon Pandol¬ fo Count of Tiano. Henry the Emperor having builded in Bamberg , a City of Germany , a noble Church in the honour of St. George, and defiring that the fame might be confecrated as a Cathedral Church , Benedill the 7 confenting thereto obtained with condition, that the faid Church fliould give by way of tribute year¬ ly to the Bilhop of Rome, a mark of filver with a white horfe well furnifhed ; but within a while the Bilhop receiving in gift from the Emperor Benevento, the tri¬ bute from the Church of Bamberg was difeharged, by this means then Benevento came nnderthc dominion of the Church, which we have declared in our Hifto- ry of the lives of the Kings of Naples. , and after we have declared hoW Ruberto Guifcard having pofteft Benevento, being defirous to expell the Saracins out of Ita¬ ly, came to the Parlament in the City of Aquila in the year 1060, with Pope Ni¬ colai the fecond, which was much laboured by the Roman Barons, and Guifcard having with great humility adored the Pope made peace with him, and he reftored the City of Benevento, and all other places which he held belonging to the Church, whereupon the Pope did not only receive him into grace and favour, but created him Duke of Puglia and Gaulauria,ond fo Ruberto was now made a vafiai of the Church. Benevento being afterward poffeft by Ruggiero the Norman , King of Naples, William his fon who fucceeded in the Kingdom, reftored it to Pope Adri¬ an the fourth, as a thing properly belonging to the Church, whereupon he was by him confirmed in the Kingdom, the Emperor Frederick, the fecond, and King of Naples , having been excommunicated by Gregory the ninth, difdaining the fame, ruinated and made fpoil of the faid City, and threw the Walls even to the ground; being afterward repaired by the Citizens thereof, Was by Churls of An¬ glo, the firft of this name, facked , becaufe they were known to be favourable to King Manfred ; and although this City fuftained fo many fpoils, yet the Citizens thereof alwaies repaired it.- St. Gianuario Martyr , was Bilhop of Benevento, whofe body lieth with greac reverence in the principal Church of Naples , where (as they fay ) are feen many miracles of his holy blood. There was born in Bene- vento, Felix the fourth, called the third Filter the third, and Gregory the eight, Biihops of the holy Church of Borne, which were of exemplary life, and indued with learning. Orbillio Grammatico was very famous in the time of Cicero , which for his aufterity and fevere fpeech, was by Horace called the wonder. Rofrede and 4 * Kingdom of and hath as great plenty of water as any other above named; andietweenthe faid two Rivers, as it were in the mid ft, is T&duda, a populous and [iindpal Country, and fotaewhat higher on the right fide of Tamara are thefe.Coftntrles and Caftles, Saints forio, Molinara, Reins, Santa Maria del Colie , whetedied facobo'Caldora a famous and a valiant Captain, {^ercello, Cafiano, and Santa Croce. Here beginneth a mighty great Wood which inclofeth on both fides the Apen- nine Hils, fo that one part ftretcheth even to Fortore , a River of Puglia , the o- ther to TAma.ro, the which Wood is four miles in breadth, and twenty in length.- On the left hand of Tamaro are thefe Countries, Tietrapulcina, Ta vern, Peftolo, Fragnito, Campolottara , the Monaftery of Giuhctu, Morcone , and in the Apen- •nine , Supino, an ancient Country, whereof Livy rnaketh mention. Then fol- loweth Altavilla before named , which hath the dignity of a Count , lubjeft to the noble houfe of Qapoa, above the which, in a hill of the eMpennine is to be feen CafleHovecchio, near which rifeth the River Tamara. 1. Having now deferibed this Region, it remaineth that we now difeourfe fome- thingof the Inhabitants therein, the which are very fturdy and ftrong, and of Tiealthfull complexion , andallareexercifedand expert in arms, and in learning they grow excellent which apply themfelvesunto it. But in Merchandize they are little imployed , which fo falleth out bccaufe every man is contented with his own goods. Thole in general which dwell in ihe Country are attired after the fafhion of the Neopolitans, but not the women, the which go diverfty apparelled, and very few life to wear a mantle upon their gown , they drefs their heads with bafe attires, only covering them with a broad linen cloth , neither do. they wear pantofles, butlhooes and chopineos. The natural colour of the people inclines more to white then afwarc colour; inreafoning and difcourfingthey are very Itately and difdainfull, and great braggadocios , but very obedient to their fupe- liors. The arms which this Region have ufed is a .field per feffegu. and argent , a Crown in chief or. the which Arms I think fignifieno other then that new title of Prince, which the valorous Arechi the fecond, the fourteenth Duke of Renevento gave in the time that he fubdued the Picentine people to his dominion, whereupon by the field gn. and ar. would manifeft the vertue and courage of this Country, which was in the faid Arechi, and for the Crown of Gold, which little or nothing differeth from a regal Crown, I think fignifieth the new Lordfhip, as hath been declared; Mirabella* 7aurafo. Curfano. Bagnulo* Cafjado. tfujbo. The River OL lore. The River Aufidj. The River T, ip^to. Benito. GrttrawinxriLi. t'luTThirj. VlCOn Melit). Amando. Z uncoil. The Hill Crc- pdccrc. The River M.+ fcano. Corfano. Monlecalxo. Ariano. Mont cm a!c‘ Cafulalbore. The Freemens Caftle. Fadula. S. Jorio. Molinara. Rcino . S. Maria d:t Colie. Cer cello. Caffano. Sc. Croce. The qtnliry and nature of the people cf thU Province. The Arms of this LTovincer G i 44 The Hijlory of the BASILICATA 1 , The Fourth Province of the Kingdom O F s. p Part of Montagna, fometimes named Lucania, and another of Puglia, were in ancient time called by one only name Ifei B afilicata, but from whence the faid name Ihould proceed pMj is not certainly known: But fome think, although they 'S™* have it not from any great authority, that this Province 'em! was by an Emperor of Ccnflantinople, given in dowry with one of bis daughters. Others affirm, and more probably,' that it was fo called by Eafiiio, a man very valiant in Arms, Which inthofedaiespOfleft all thefe places, and from this Province, and from the Country of Otranto, with his induftry and valour drove away the Greeks and Car¬ thaginians that were eflablifhed therein. The River Silare divideth this Province The limits of from Vt'flint, and from happy fampania. It hath on the South the Tirrene Sea, the Province on the Eaft the River Lavo, with the Brutii, and part of MagnaGretia, and on of Bafilicata. t [) e North the I’ugliefi, the Pecutii, with a part of the Irpini. Thefe people Lucani bad their original, according to Pliny , from the Sanniti, and thehfori- wh'th are now called Abruzzefi; but firft the Poffidoniaci inhabited there, a peo- ginal! pie o(MagnaGrecia, afterward the Morgeti, Seculi, Jtaliani, Enotri and Pelafgi, Elephants and at length the faid Sanniti were afterward called Lucani, the which were a long brought into t ; me popularly governed by themfelves, and were fo called by Lucano a Captain, rtfs’ cha P 6 w ^‘ c h with a Colony of Sanniti came into this place to inhabit. The firft Ele- The fertility phants that were ever feen in Italy,viere brought hither in the Wars of King Pyr- of the Pro- rhtu ,and were called Lucan Buis, in refpcft of Lucania, which was in the year af¬ ter the building of Rome 47 3. This Province is for the moft part mountainous and hilly; 4 ? Kingdom of AT L ES. billv but yet very fertile in all forts of grain , and yieldeth excellent Wines, for the Vines grow to a wonderfull greatnefs, which proceeds through the perfed temperature of the air, and the ground where they are planted, and for the moft part were joyned to the Oppi , and embracing and taking hold of them, ftretch out their boughs on every fide, and in time of Vintage is often feen one on¬ ly Vine to be able to make a But or Hogftiead of Wine. Moreover this excellent Country yieldeth inabundance Corn, Oyl,Hony,Wax, Annis, Corianders, Saf¬ fron and Bombace, of which things the Country of Turf ,, called in old time Tar- r, j doth moft exceed. In this excellent Province through the delicacy of the air the Trees and Ilofes fioriflitwiceinayear, where inevery place is feen greac a- bundanceof divers fweet and pleafant fruits• therearealfo moftbeautifull Car¬ den' the which for fo much as they are watred with pleafant Rivers, bring forth excellent Citrons, Oringes, and Limons. On chat part which ftretcheth towards the Sea the pleafant fields yield no fmall delight to the beholders thereof, and all che year there is excellent hunting both for fowls and beafts. And it is no lcis plentiful!, in beards of Cartel and Hoggs. wherewith the people of the Country make rreatftore of Saufages, and SoprefTate, very excellent and good, which the Lucan i Latinifts fo call becaufe they were invented by the Lucam , whereupon Martial thus faith, ' Tilix Picere venio Luatnicaporc.c , Tlutibiu httic nivcitgrata corona datttr. The Sea thereof aboundeth with excellent Fifh, and yieldeth fhel-fifh of a delicate and pleafant taftc, which have within them an excellent Pearl. But in deferibing the Country of this Province, I will begin fromi the mouth^of the River Sole, where it runneth into the Sea, that is to fay here from it I wiljfol Sow along the fhore of the Sea, even to the River Lavo, where it runneth into the Sea afterward I will deferibe the places of the Mhdeterrane. > "Departing then from the mouth of Si/e.andWlkmg along the fhore of the ir- rene Sea we come to a place where was the Temple of Juno the Argtvc bn It fas Strabo aifinneth) by Jafon-, and gojngfrom thence feven miles, is the place where was Polpdonia , by Strabo called /V/a ...which was built near the Sea by the Dnrefi and afterward magnificently inlarged by the Sibanti. Servio reciting the futhofity of Sinthefourth book of L Georgicks, faith thus ,Tiferijuc «- r ria pl e . He placeth the faid City in faUuna , wherein he was deceived , it ftandini in SafiLta. Alfo Ovid maketh mention of this City in h.sfirft bookie arte tsitundi, faying, Cahaque Pcfiauat vincat ddore rofai. The Ancients call the Gulf of the Sea which lieth hereby, Sinus Teftanm . but now Mariners call it the Gulf of Avropoli, and others of Salerno, the which Gulf begtnneth at the fhore of the Picentini, and fo compaffeth even to the Promontory of PoJJidomato Pefie was called bv the Greeks o. C A LA UR I A. On this fide the Fifth Province of the Kingdom O F NAPLES. towards the South in the ntmoft Confines of the Kingdom , Ik* the ancient Province of CMxn.t, in the South part of It* 17 . eluded within the Terrene, Sicilian and Ionian Seas, •>^ £he J- rureof a bead with fix heads, and ism c.rcrat 544™J S - In this excellent and fruitfull Province grows almoft all things not _ h; re . tj WBHBESfM only necefTary for the fuftenance of living creatures but alio for c£ ul ., r r^Tnd pleafures thereof. It isatl fullofwatrTd tains and Vallies : the fields are like chofe of > - . . rtf! Zf ilutim j The divers Mines in Ct, ItHfia. The excellent hunting in Ca. Imia. The fundry names of Cu- Imia. The City Pan. dr fit. King Italoi King Morgete. Why it was called Magna C red a. The Hiflory of the with Springs and Chriftaline Fountains. Here is had all forts of Corn , fundry Wines, and in great abundance, all kinds of Fruits, Oyle, Sugar, Hony, Wax, Saffron, Bombace, Annisand Coriander feeds. There groweth Gum,Pitch, Tur¬ pentine, and liquid Storax. In former time it was never without Mettals, but at this prefent it doth much abound, having in moft places divers fores of Mines, as Gold, Silver, Iron, Marble, Alabafter, Criftal, Marchefite, three forts of white Chauik, Virmilion, Alume, Brimflone, and the Adamant Bone, which being in the fifth degree,draweth not Iron.and is in colour black.There groweth hemp and flax of two forts, the one called the male,the other thcfemale.-There falleth Man¬ na from heaven, truly a thing very rare; and although there is not gatheredfuch abundance of Silk, yet I dare fay there is not had fo much in all Italy befides. There are alfo Bathes, both hot, luke-warm, and cold, to cure many difeafes. Near the Seafide,and likewife on the Mcditerrane are goodly Gardens full of Oringes, Citrons, and Limons of divers forts, it is watered with many Rivers. There are on the hill of the Apennine, thick Woods of high Firrs, Holms, Platanes, Oaks, where grows the white odoriferous Mufhrome which fhineth in the night. Here is bred the foft ftone Frigia , which every month yields a delicate and wholfome Gum, and the ftone JEtitet, by us called the Bone Aquilina, In this Province there is excellent hunting of divers creatures, as wild Hoggs, Staggs, Goats, Hares, Foxes, Porcupines, Marmofets. There are alfo ravenous beafts, as Wolves, Bears, Lyzards, which are quick-lighted, and have the hinder parts fpotted with divers colours, This kind of Beafi was brought from France to Rome in the fports of Pamply the great, and Hunters affirm this Bead to be of fo frail a memory, that although he eateth with hunger, if he chance to look back, remembreth no more his meat, and departing fearcheth for other. The Sea then which lyeth upon this happy Country , aboundech with great Bore of excellent fifti, and in many places grows both white and red Coral, and near the fliore is found the Touch-Bone which trieth Gold and Silver from all other Mettals. This Province is of greater antiquity then any other in all Italy , becaufe it was begun to be inhabited before the floud by Afchenaza the fon of Gomero, the Nephews of Noe, into which place being come where now is Regio, through the amenity and temperature of the aire very delightful), made there his habitation, and founded a City which by his own name he called Afchenaza, and the inhabiters thereof were’called Afchenazei; which that it may leem true, Jofephtu which lived in the time of the Emperor Ti¬ tus , in his firfl book of Jewifh antiquities teflifieth faying, Afchenaz inflituit Af- chevazeos, cjui nunc Rhegini vocantur a Qracis. The fame alfo St. Jerome confir- meth in his Hebrew quefiions upon Genefis faying, A/chenas Graci Rheginos va¬ cant. The like name of a City was not heard of among any other people except: that in Calauria > the which City was afterward by the overthrow called of the Greeks Rbegium ; Sicilia being in the fame place divided from Italy through the ' violence of an Earthquake. Calauria was called by fundry names, at the firft it was called Aufonia by the valiant Aufonii, the inhabiters thereof, orasfome affirm by Aufono the fon of ZIliJfes, it was afterward by the Oriental Greeks called Hcfperia , becaufe it isfi- tuate in the Weft. Five hundred fixty feven years before the deflruftion of Troy it was called Enctria by Enotra of Arcadia, which with a Colony came to inhabit in the middle of tAufen'ta, where he builded many Cities, the principal whereof was Pandofta: This name of Auftmia continued many and many years, untill I- talo was by the Enotri created King, from whom they named the faid Region Ita¬ lia. T his Italo being a man very ingenious, taught the Enotri the manner to nil and ear the ground , and to fhear their Bleep, and lived but nineteen years, and kkMorgete his fon heir of the Kingdom , the which ordained that by his name Italy fliould be called Morgttia. Morgete dead, and the people not contented to continue his name, in as mneh as he was odious unto them, the name of Italy was renewed again , and they called the Country Italia , the which name conti¬ nued along time untill the Greeks came to inhabit there; and then they called it Magna Gntia, for the frequency of the great number of learned Scholars which came thither to hear the Philofopher Titbagor.u j but as the Poet Arcbilao faith. Kingdom ofHyAEHES. 4 -9 Brctia. The river Law it Was fo called through the great multitude of Greeks which inhabited there, being drawn through the fertility and pleafurcs of this Countrey 5 whereupon Ovid in his fourth book de faEHs thus faith , Itala nam tellits Gracia major erat. It was afterward by the latter Greeks, which came thither to inhabit called w j, V ir w^s Calattria, which in our tongue fignifieth abundance of all good things, and truly C4l| J d ' Cjfa *. lo is it, becaufe there is no place, I will fay not only in all Italy , but in all Europe, ,ia. that may contend with this,there being not any thing necelfary for the life of man, or which may yield delight, that is notin great abundance, and with all perfe&i- on fo that correfponding in every part, the effefis agree with the name thereof, as plainly appears, that nature it felf cannot be more delighted in it felf, yielding fo many benefits as any Country whatfoever. All this Country was devided by The ancienl . - the Apenr.ine into two parts, and that part which was toward the Ionian Sea was final-ion'of called Magna CJrecia, the which alfo contained a part of Lucania (now called Ha- Catauria. filicata) and did ftrctch from Kegio even to Taranto. The other part was by the Creeks called Bretia , from Bretio the fon of Hercules, and of the Latinesi?m;mg Kingdom of zA c P LES. which may be dcfired either for profit or humane pleafure ; it hath brought forth many excellent men, and among others, the Abbot Giacchino, indued (as ‘Dant faith) with a prophetical fpirit, who was of one of the Villages of Cofenz.tr, called fielico. St.Thelefphoro,Janc Parajfio, eMntonio Telefio , John Baptifia d'Amico, Coriolano Marticano, and Btrardino A 1 artirc.no, which was alfo Secretary of the Kingdom! Pietrtpaolo Tarifio, a famous Dodtor of Law, which was made Cardi¬ nal by Pope Patti the third, Borardino Telefio , which writ againft the Philofophy of esiriftotte, John Alarm Barnauda , Sertario Qualtremani, Giovanpaolo a‘ A- qttino, Prefipero Parifio, and Jacobo of fact a. In this City are thefe noble fami¬ lies, oMbenante, Aquino, Andriotto, Aloe, Amico, Arnoni, Alimena, Arduino,Tia- reno, Bornando, Beccuto, Bombino, Bonconto, Britto,Bovi, Bonttccurfi, Cavalcanti, Ciacci, Caputo, Cafe/la,Cezazi, Cicala, Caroleo, Cnratore, Celfo, (flav ell u Tattilo, Donato, Domanico, Ftrrao, Farrao d’Eparmnond^, Farrao d'AntoncUo, Per a, Favo- ro, Ft glim, Franca, Gactapgattid’ Marc. Antonio, Garofalo, Giannochiri, Gaeli, gioanni, giaccino, Gadi, Longi, Longobttcch'o, Migliafffe, Marano, Monaco, Mar- torano, Maurello, Minardo, A{oji, Mareri, Mafiarof Mirabello, Mangoni, Nero, Toglifi, Pelofo, Pellegrino, Tafcale, Pafialacqua, Poerio, Parifi di Ruggiero, Parifi di Mario, Pantufo, Quottromani, RoFcFo"Ruggiero, Rangi, Rufio, Scaglione, Spata- fora, Serfalo, della Mott a, Serfale di Guide, Sambiafie, Spirito, Sirifanto, Spina, Sanfelice, Stocca,Tilefio, Tcflo, Tofcano, Tarfii, Tire lo, Velle, and others. The Arms of this City is feven Hils vert, in a field or- F om hence on the right hand lieth the Wood Trutiana, which the,people of the Cbuntry call for the excellen¬ cy thereof-SV/d, not fo hideous and terrible in Winter through continual mow The Wood and ice, as it is pleafant and dclightfull in Surnmei* 4 , where the frefhand cheerful! air, with many Rivers full of excellent fifh, and the divers fports of fowling, and hunting of wild beads, and the infinite beards of Chattel which there feed upon the plentiful! fruits thereof, reprefent in effed that which the Poets feign of their Arcadia. Not far didant lieth Carolei , called by the Latines lxias , built by the Enotti. And walking a little farther appeareth Bifignano , agoodand plentiful! Bifigntno. City, much inhabited, which hath the Title of a Principality fubjeft to the Fami¬ ly Sanfeverina. Stifano callcth this City Befidia, which according to Barrio was built by the Aufor.i; and very near lieth Tarfia, called Gaprefis. Returning towards the Sea we come into thefe Countries, Fiumefreddo, Bello- Tar/ia monte, and the City Amentea .which was an Epifcopal Seat, but now united with she Church of Tropeia. A little farther^ Aiello, called by Bario, TjUfium, Amnh . a _ which hath a drongCaftle, and a fruitful) Territory, with a Wood where is great fport in the hunting of divers living creatures. This Country holdeth the Title Aje u ,, of a Martjuifs, and the Lord thereof is Alberico Cybo , Prince of Mafia, no lefs worthy of honour for his Learning then his Chivaldri. Near to Aiello is the Hill (focuz.z.0 , where it feesneth that the Apennine exceeds it felf in height. Then fol- loweth Martirano corrupted from the ancient name of Mameno, whofe Citizens fhewed themfelves no left faithful! to the people of Rome, then valiant in Arms, Martirano. they only fighting with Pyrrhos, one of the belt Souldiers of the world, the which they performed fo couragioufly , that Pjrrhus being mindfull of the valour of theBrucii, and of the death of his Alexandre, durrt not any farther hazard his fortune. From thence afterward lieth on the fide of the Sea, Nocera , the re- liques of the ancient Terinia , which was deftroyed by Hannibal , they being not able to defend it: and here runneth (according as the Ancients affirm) Ligia, one of the Sirenes upon the mouth of theRiver Succnto. Then follotfdth Cafti- trlioKc, the Cape of Sttbero, where Pyrrhus disbarked himfelf coming from Sicilia; after cometh St. Unfit win, which Stcphano faith is called Lametta, whereisaGulf fonamsd, very full of Coral, and the bed Tunny; and a little diftant lieth Nica- Jlr.o, and here the Emperor FrederickJBarbarofia made-/or delight and plealure, convenient Baths, and except hunting both for wild beads and fowles, the firft which began in Italy to be delighted in banking with Falcons, which in former time was unknown , although fomewrice th&t Anafilao was the fird.Not very (it isTiriolo, the reliques of old Tirio, where the Apennir.e is drawn intofonar- row a point that the rain-water which defeendeth from the ring of fome one v H 2 Koufe i Ctifuglionei St.Euftmid. Xicafire. TirioU- 5 * the Arms o£ this Province: The Hijloryof the houfe, falleth onthe left fide into the Terrene Sea, and on the right into theA- df And toming now to an end of this Province, which hath for the Arms thereof, a Croft bafronifa, in a field tAr. the which Enfignes and Arms had its ongmal in the time that Bamttudo the Norman, Duke of Calauria came with twelve thou- fand choice fonldiers in aid of the holy Land, whereby through his proweffe and valour was afterward made Prince of Antioche , andforfomuchasthe enterpnfe was very famous and honourable, therefore I believe the faid Province gave thefe Arms reprefenting thereby the great Voyage which the faid Duke made. CAIiAURIA On the other fide the Sixth Province of the Kingdom O F NAPLES. The fertility of this\Pro« Vince. ALAtiRIA on the other fide l is a Province which cori- taineth a good part of Magna Grecia, and of the Brutii, and paffeth from the one and the other fide of' the Apex- nine, to the Ionian and Terrene Seas, and is divided from Calauria on this fide by the Mediterrane above Cofenza, going by a direct line to the one and the other Sea , into the Ionian near Strombeli , and into the Terrene at the Gulf Jppimiate s which is the Gulf of St. Enftmia, and thefe are onlytheConfines of the faid Province where the Brutii fometimes inha¬ bited : From that part which lieth towards the North, except a little, is wholly compafTed With the Sea; on the Eaft is the Ionian, on the South Sicilia , and ort the Weft the Terrene , Which is the utmoft limits of the Kingdom. It is partly plain, and partly mountainous; it hath fair and fruitfull Hils 5 Woods, Rivers,' add Fountains,great plenty of Corn, Vine, Olives, and every other thing neceffa- ry Kingdom of AT L E S, *3 ty for the fuftenance of living creatures: There are horfes and beards of cattej wery plentiful!, and great abundance of woll, and of the beft and fineft filk. In this Province are pits of gold, of filver, and great plenty almoft of all mettals ; it hath many hot baths which cure divers infirmities,and to conclude, it is a Country indued with all good things * for the which ip may be called a moft happy t Ilegion. The men of this Country, as alfo of all C alauria, after other ancient names which they had, were called Bretii, and they werefo called from Emtio thefon Brutii,why. of Hercules , as Stephana wriceth in his book of the City , and Ermolao upon '^ d wcrc 0 Stepbano ; and as it appeareth by tnany Greek Monuments, which are declared with great Learning by Pitrto Valeriano, and by many Antiquaries, fnjtir.e and ( * 7 rogu fay that they were called Brutii, of Ilrotta a maid. John Annio affirmeth' that they were fo called by Erttto Ombrone a moft valiant Captain. Calepino and The error of Nicholas Piroito fay they are called Brutii, a Brut is mortbus ; but this is a vain fome writers thing, and an idle conjedureof them, Cnanr.o not well undemanding Strabo,' 1 ^°“. addeth to his tranflation many things of his own conceit, Strabo faying that Brutii g, un ; ; fnerunt rebelles Lucanornm, he addeth here that they were fugitives, a name which was given to fervants; but we finding in Hiftories, and principally in fnjline, that thefe were children , and not fervants of the Lucani, forfomuch as the Lucani were actu domed to bring up and fofter their children in the field after the man¬ ner of the Spartans ; but their children mifliking that manner of education, op- pofed themteives againft their fathers, that is to fay the Lucani, and went to inha¬ bit in C alauria. Thefe people in procefs of time became fo mighty, that chey fear¬ ed noc any , whereby ( for as much as their Country was noc well able to con¬ tain them) chey made fpoil of the places near unto them, and expel’d the natural inhabitants, the which chey often attempted, being allured through the fweetnefs of the booty. The ancient limits of the Brutii were the River Lavo , or Lao, now called the River ("meafaring along the fhore of the Sea ) and the fireight of Sicilia, thefpace between thefe bounds is according to Strabo 1350 furlongs, whichcon- Thebounds, tains 169 miles; but according to the defeription of Ptelomy, thefe were the li- ofthc Brutii. mits , on the Weft the River Lavo with the Lucani, on the South the Terrene Sea with Faro of Meflina, on the Eaff part of the Ionian Sea, on the North Mag- na Grecta, with the River C brats. And to make a defcripcion of this Province, I will begin from the Cape of Sts- hero , where Pyrrhos King of the Epirots coming from Sicilia, disbarkc himfelf. Notfar’offis Triolo, thereliquesof oldTiro, where the Apennine Hilsare very 7 « narrow ; and then is Malda builcbytbe Saracins, which hath a very fruitful! Malta. Country. From hence on the Sea at the mouth of Amato } is Angitola, where jDionifius often defired to unite the faid Haven with that of Squillia. Afterward appeareth PixA,o in a very fpaciousand pleafant place, with the little Blands Ita- cenfi, which perhaps had this name becaufe Vl/jfes arrived there. Then cometh Bevona planted with goodly Gardens of Citrons and Orin- ges, the ancient Hatbour of Hipponio , which the Countrey people now call Monteleone , which lieth ina pleafant profpeft with many fields round about; the faid City was founded by the Greeks, and they called it Hipponissm, becaufe Momeiomi \ it was builded according to the likenefs pnd fimilitude of a horfe , for that s in the Greek tongue fignifieth a horfe , the which City (as the Hiftories thereof recite) was in compafs eight miles), wholly built with bricks, the ruines whereof are at this prefent to be feen; this noble City had very pleafant and delightfull fields which compaft it round about. Poets have feigned that whefi Ceres travel¬ led in fearch of her daughter Proferpina that was ftoln away , remained here that Winter to gather llofes andpther pleafant Flowers, where alfo continues the three Fefrival daies which the' Tyrant Agatocles fo long fince ordained. Eejlino a famous Writer was of this City , which is celebrated by Macrobio inhisfixth book de Satnrnali, in this word 7 ranfmitlo, EtominifO Pizxamctti a learned Phi-, lofopher was alfo of thefameCity, which tranftatedont of Greek into fiatine the predicaments of Archita 7 arentino. The ancient Vibo was deftroyed by the Agarcni in the time of blcffed 7 {ilo, and the like ruifie Juftained Teriho, 7'aori- 54 “ Soriano. Arena . Birrelftt. Melito. Briatico , Tropca. Kicotera- Mefauro. Tawiano. Otoia. Seminara . Sinepoli. Oppid*. 7 enanov a • Poliflena . The I Acs £5iz. Li pare. The Hijlory cf the ano and Trifchene, And this noble Territory is very fertile , for it bringetfi forth Grain, Barley, Beans,Fitches, and other Corn ; there are alfo planted great ftore of Sugar Canes, a thing very rare in Italy. This Country is adorned with the dignity of a Duke; After followeth Soriano, whch hath the Title of a Count. Then cometh Are¬ na, and afcending up the Apennine is the goodly Monaflery of Si. Stephen del Bo- fco, built by Rugiero the Norman, where is kept (as we havefaid) with many othetf reliques the body of St. Bruno. From hence on the right hand appeareth Borrello, and Melito an honourable and an ancient City which was builded by the Mile pi-, a people of Afia ; for as Herodotus writeth in his fisch book , Mileto a City of Afia being conquered and overcome by Darius , the inhabiters which departed from the ruine thereof, being deprived of their natural Country, came with their wives and child ren together with the Sanni into 2 Je£*o,where they were received by Anaplao Lord of the Country, to whom he gave fo much Territory as they built therein a City to inhabit, the which they called (as we have faid) Melito j thele in procefs of time, the Country being too little, many of them went into Mejfma, but being expel’d by the inhabiters of the Country ; went t» the Ifleof Malta. There is to be feen in the faid City of Melito, a (lately and magnificent Church Under the name of the Trinity, which is beautified with (lately Pillars of Marble;, which the Duke Ruggiero the Norman caufed to be tranfported from the ancient Bipponio ; the faid Church was by the mediation of the faid Duke confecrated by Pope Califio the fecond, in the year of our Lord 1122. where at this prefent is to be feen the fair and collly Tomb of Marble of the Duke Ruggiero. That holy SPaolooi the Order of Preachers was of the faid City. Walking towards the (hore of the Sea is Briatico, which hath the Title of a Marquifat, and Tropea hath this name from the Greek word ofism, for that aria ving there, the Current of Faro is turned back, very dangerous to Sailers, near Which Hercoles arived coming from Spain , whereupon that place was afterward named the Harbour of Hercoles . Here butteth out into the Sea the Cape of Va¬ tic ano , and nearathand is foppolo, and Nicotera , augmentned by the ancient ruins of Medama,znd Rdfartw, there is the River Metramo, in whofe waves,accor- ding as the Ancients were accuftomed, feeling themfelves oppreft with any fin, were freed by their wafhing themfelves therein , as Orefies who thought hereby to be purged from the murther of his mother; a little farther was the ancient Me- tauro , which boafted much of Stepcoro , though with little right the Sicilians challeng him to themfelves; and after is difeovered Tauriano: and from hence on the Sea is Cjioia. A little diftant remained) Seminara , a Countrey well inhabited, in whofe Territory the Frenchmen were overcome by Confalvo Fernan¬ des of eAghilare in the time of Lewis the 12 King of France. And near the Me- diterrane under a great defeentof the Apennine, called by the country-people Afpromonte , rifeth as it were a rock between two Rivers: the Country of Sinopo - li is adorned with the ancient dignity of a Count, the jurifdiftion whereof is fromthehoufeof V\ufa. There was born in this Country that holy man Taoh of Sinopoli , Fryer of the Order of Saint Francis , called the Minori of OJfervanza, whofe teliques are reverendly preferved in the City Of Nicotera. Going a little farther is Oppido, which hath the Title of a Count, and Ter r ano 1 ■vo, a populous City, which is adorned with the dignity of a Dukedom. Not very far is Poliftenai againft theCaftle whereof lie the Ill e* Eolie, the which have this name from Eolo, which the Poets feign to bethe God of the winds, knowing by the nature of the place their change and alteration ; of thefe Ides Lipare was only inhabited, whofe circuit is 16 miles, fometimes a Colony of the Gnidii, which were very llrong at Sea, and made tong refiftanceto the improvi¬ dent affsults of the Tofcans, and of their firfl fruits they oftentimes confecrated to the Temple of Apollo uSDelphus. The faid Ille is diflam: from Sicilia 20 miles; Strabo and Pliny call this ]fle Meligone, which is very famous as wel for the fruit-, fulnefsof the ground, as alfo for the delicacy and fweetnefs of the fruits, and the great plenty of Alume which it yieldeth ; the faid Ifle was at the firfl Inhabi¬ ted by Ai/wrv the (bo of Aufonio King of Italy, who being at difeord with his bro- Kingdom of Aid L ES, Bagnark, The raking of the iword ftfh, how ir is done,and by whom it was invented- brothers, came hither with divers foeldieasto remain, and here built a City, which by his own name was called Lipari , the which City was alwaies faithful! to the Kings of Naples, from whom in recompence it obtained many priviledges and freedoms; but finally in the month of July 1544 it was deftroyed with {word and fire by nAriadeno 'Barbarefla , Captain of the Turkilh Army; but it was fuddenly repaired again by the Emperor Charls the fifth. The other Ifles are not manured nor inhabited , whereby their ancient names yet continue, thac is to fay Sirombtli , and Vulcano, from whence continually rifeth fmoke, and fometiines flames of fire with horrible noife and thundring. Here we may fee “Bagnara , where the women for their beauty and comlinefs appear like Nymphs j and here is the general filliing for the Sword-filh , called by ‘Pliny Xiphia , the which is done (as Strabo declareth in his firft book of Geography ) in this manner following, which manner is alfo recited by Polybius. Firll of all one is appointed as a fpie to Hand in a high place, being as a common guard or defence for all the filhers, the which are difperfed into many little boats of two oars , remaining in every one two of them, one which guideth the boat with two oars, the other to wound the fifti with an armed Sphear, which he Handing on the fore-deck, or head of the boat, holdeth in his hand ; fo foon as the fpiemaketh a fignethat the filh is difeovered riling with the third part of his body above the water , he with the oars roweth near the boat,and the other preparing his blow wounds him with a wonderful agility,then fnatching out the fphear.theiron reman*behind,which be, ing broad-headed,and fo wel accommodated, that eafily aman may wound with it, and as eafily leave it in the woundjto the iron is tied a longlittlccord,which goes io far with the wounded filh, that beating himfelf and labouring to efcape, becom- eth weary : Then they draw the filh to the Ihore. or gee him into one of their little boats if he be not over-great ; and if it fo fall out the fphear be call into the Sea, it’eannot therefore be loft, becaufe that being made part of Oak, and part of Firr fo well j'oyned together, the weight of the oak drawing one end un¬ der the water , the lightnefs of the firr caufeth the other end to rife up, fo that ic may eafily be taken. Moreover it falleth out fometimes, that he which roweth is wounded in the boat, fo great is the fword of the filh and his fiercenefs , thac this labour is no lefs dangerous then the chafing of the wild Boar. Some fay that chis filhing was learned in the time of Vlyjfes, which came into thefe ^Afterward appeareth upon a great Rock, Sciglio, by Pliny called Scylleum Oppi- dnm which alfo holdeth the name of Scilla the daughter of Foret , which while the Anciencs fay Ihould be turned into a Rock, according to the Fable, was a hor¬ rible and hideous Monfter which devoured Ihips, noting that greac danger of Pharaoh where the roaring and terror of the waves , and the fearful! alpcCt of the rands’ reprefent very often to paftengers which there fail, the great horror and dread’full fear, oftentimes bringing death ic felf. This place was fortihed by Anaftlao againft theTufcans, where Spartaco was overcome by Marco Crajjo, be in vain purpofing to efcape in the dead time of the nights And the faid City is a- dorned with the dignity of a Prince. Continuing the beautifull Coaft of this Country , we may behold the ancient Cemi now called Coda della Volpe, and Catena, With Fiumaradi Muro, and Re- codtielh 1 V»£ oio cafled of the Latines Regiism julium , which is oneof the moft ancient Cities of all Italy, builded (as hath been faid) by Efchenes the Nephews fon of Noe, to ^ whom the Greeks gave this name becaufe from thac place Sicilia was feparated R!git4 from Italy through the violence of an Earthquake, the which Virgil confintieth in his third book of Eneidos, faying, Hac loca vi quandam vafia cenvulfa ruint, Tantnm avi longiqua valet mutare vetujtas. Difiluitfefermt, cumprttinus utraque tell ns ZInaforet, venit medio vi port is, & undis i- Hefperinm Siculo Lit ns abfeidit, arvaqtse & urhil i LilUre deduct as ar.gufto interim afro. ^ Sciglio. ir : r- FiuiMta ai Muro, 5 6 Grafhoppers8c their natures. Tile worthy men of Regio. The Cape of Portivcato. Pnmii. Matui SciVitlina c fhe Hijlory of the This City maintained the Commonwealth thereof along time , and wasdeftroy- edby Dioniftm of Siracufa, but being afterward repaired and beautified by Ju- lim Cefar , fuffered many mines, and laft of all by Ariadeno Bdrbdrojfa that fa¬ mous Captain of the Turkifh Navy. In the Territory of this City on the right fide, the Grafhoppers make a wonderful! noife, and on the left they are ftill, the which by Poets is attributed to the curlings of Heresies , being therewith dif- quieted in his fleep ; but more truly it fo hapneth by the dew which falleth there in the night, becaufe tbofe creatures receive not fo much heat to make a noife, al¬ though fome affirm they have another kind of voice then the other, where’alfo they declare the Fable which chanced to Arifton and Eunamo , the Mufician of theGrafhopper , fupplyingtothe oneche found of the firing which he brakein his Citaren , the which the Ancients kept in remembrance a long time. In Regia is made the bell filk.and excellent Wine, whereof Athenea in his firft book thus faith, Vintm Rhegium cum Surnntinopinguius fit,ufque ad annum quintumdecimum eft utile. The earthen Veffels that are there made are much commended, and in old time alfo were made excellent difties and veffels , as I’hry reportetb in his 25. book, faying, Rhegium inquit figlina, & plaftice nebilitatur. And in another place faith, nobtlittttur Rhegium patinis. This City had in old time many excellent Phi- lofophers, and learned men , as Ariftides, Ariftocrates, Demoftenes, Athofior.e,Ca¬ lais,Etirchj/de,Eliacone,Hipparco,A{neftbolo, ObfimofPhjtio,SelinuftofinA Theocleflt the which Sliacone Hipparco and Phjtio, were excellent Philofophers; to H ippar- co Plato cnticuled a book de ftudio lucrandi. Andradamo and Theetheo were alfo of Regia, two Philofophers and Lawyers. Now going a little further we come to the Promontory of Leucopetra, fo called by the fhining ftones that are there, which Mariners now call the Cape dell arme. Afterward appeareth the Promontory of Hercules, which the Countrey-people at this prefent call the Cape of SPartiventot A little further is Mendalaia, after¬ ward Brancaleone, Bruzacano ; this Cape in old time was called Zeffiro, where the Moors arived in the year 11 26. which afterward deftroyed a good p’art of tha Kingdom. Strabo fpeaking of this Cape thus faith, Zephirum Eromontorium agri Locri a quo Locrenfes Zephiri dibit funt: Pliny faith that in this Promontory is included the firft Harbour of Europe, from the which the Seas have their name. Then follows Bianco, from whofe Country is had great ftore of Wine; going a little further isdifeovered Potamia, which aboundeth with great ftore of the beft hony ; and a little below is Motta Bovalina , whofe Territory is very fertile, yielding good Wines, and there is gathered no fmail quantity of Manna , and in the pleafant fields do naturally grow great plenty of medicinable hearbs ; here through the amenity of the air is feen as it were a perpetual Spring , and in every place is excellent fowling for Partridges, Quails,and other Fowls. ° Gifme'ndo Lof- fredo polfelfeth this Country, which by the grace and favour of King Philip, hath befides it, newly obtained the Title of a Marquifs. Not farr off is to be feen C»ndoianni, called in old time Vria , the which Country hath the dignity of a Count. And a little diftant from hence is the ancient and noble City of Geraci, called in old time Locri. By whom the faid City fhould be built, Writers hold divers opinions, for Dionifim Aphro in his book de fttu orbis writeth that Locri was builded by the Queen of the Locrefi, and thus faith, Hincab bar earn Zephiri, qua fumma vacatur , Sub qua funt Locri celeres, qui tempore prijeo. ! “ JUhc Reginam propriam venere fecuti Aufoniamque tenent, qua currit ftumen Halecusi Others hold opinion that it was built by Aiaceoileo, or by the Naricii his compa¬ nions, confirming it with the words of Virgil in his third book of Ernidos, faying, Hie, & Nariitf pofuer( mania Locri. 57 Kingdom of AT LES, This firft City ufed of all others^the written Laws of the Greeks,and were a long time governed by that commonwealth , and grew very famous for the Govern¬ ment of Zeleuco their Lawgiver, who was fo fevere againft Adulturors , that he refuled to pardon his own fon taken in adultery , he would to the end the rigor of his Laws lhould be obferved, which commanded that the proof cf this crime Ihould be deprivation of both the eyes (he reputing thefe two as it were one thing) was himfelf firft deprived of one eye, and his fon of another: This City alfo was very famous through Times the Philofopher, and EmomtX .he Mufician , and Eu- timo Atleta , who was fo ftrong that he did bear upon his (houlders a ftode which two Oxen were fcant able to draw. Likewife this City hath been very glorious for the fumptuous and admirable Temple of Proferfina , whereof Livy maketh fiich honourable mention in his ap, and 31 book. Thefaid Temple was fpoiled for the riches therein by Pyrrhus, and by Diomfim the Tyrant; and laft of all it was robbed by Tlemrtie the Roman Legac. Neverthelefs they all fuftained the punilhment of Divine vengeance, the one whilft he went up and down the fhore, through fear reftored the facriledg, was afterward (lain by Arym ; the puniftiment of the other was impofed upon his fon , being therefore deprived his Kingdom by God, which often punilheth the fins of fathers in their children, and the other by authority of the Senate died miferably in prifon. There are in the Territory of the faid City excellent Baths of btinifh and fulpbure water, which help and cure many difeafes, and are very good for barren women. Here are made very fair earthen dirties, and great abundance of the beft and fineft filk, excellent oyl, ca¬ pers , corianders, and moft delicate manna. But to the end the Reader may be we llfatisfied,I will fay fomewhat of the faid manna which isfo much commended by Phificians. Manna then (as that learned MattioUfthh) is a certain dew, or fw et liquor which falleth in the night from the air upon the leaves,and the boughs of trees, and upon the grafs and herbs, and upon che ftones, and likewife upon the earth, the which afterward growing very thick within a certain fpace of time, bccometh grainy like gum , and this is properly called manna on the leaves, and is a fmall grain tranfparent and heavy, like to a little grain of white maftick, and of a fweet and pleafant tafte. After this, that on the boughs holds the fecond place, and the third is that on the ftones, and on the earth, the which hath a bigger grain, and nothing fo pure a colour, and this is gathered in the morning before the heit of the Sun, forafmuch afterward as the Sun diflolving it, it Is eafily converted into air, and therefore fome of them ufe, which gather it when any great plenty falls, to cut off the boughs of the trees in the morning betimes, and to carry them into the fields in the cold air, where through the hardnefs they gather it with the grea¬ ter cafe. Avertoe was of opinion, and many other befidel him, that the Ancients, and especially Galen, knew not this manna. ManRa falleth in the nights in the Summer feafon when the air is coldeft , and the day before very hot and dry , for the learned interpreters of nature fay this proceeds of the lighc vapours from the earth and the water. Forafmuch as being firft purified and concofted by the .fun ; it is to be thought that by the cold of the night following it becomes thick. And befides it is to be underftood, that that Manna which falls upon fig-leaves, andtheAfttis whiteft and raoftgummie; but that which falleth upon the leaves of peaches, of almonds , or oaks, is liquid, and in tafte and colour like honey. Therefore we may eafily believe, that not by its own nature, or of itfelf, Manna bccommcth gummy , and is made thick like unto maftick; but thefe accidents caufe thefe effeds upon the leaves and trees where it chanceth to fall. Neither is that to be believed which many report thereof, that manna before the canicular daies, fweateth in Calauria, without falling from the air, even from boughs, and likewife from the bark of the bodies of the afti and plum-trees, and to be ingen. dred naturally of it felf in thefe trees, and to fweat out of them, in like manner as gum fweateth from divers other trees, wherein they are much deceived; forafmuch as that which fweateth from thefe trees in the canicular daies, is no other then tha celeftial manna defeending there in the next fuccceding months of May and June, fucked up by the bark, and drawn out again in fuch manner as a man draweth a drop of oy! outof a piece of woollen cloath that is fallen upon it, and fo it after- I ward Of Zeleuco the Law,giver, 8c hi* feveriiy. Timeo the Phi. lofopher. E unorno the Mufician. Eutimo atlcta. The Temple of rroferfina. What i Manna is,arid ?iow ic cometh. 7 he Hijlory of the The remperj- rure ofManna. Livy, lib. p, Siderono. Gtetteua, Mo RtcceUt. Ward comes to pafs, being incorporated with the rine of the tree, tflueth out a- cain drawn by the violent heat of the canicular ftarr, and is there thickned,and becomes grainy in the manner of gum. It is evidently feen, that that which fal- leth from the air is better preferved by the afti and the plum-trees, then any other bind of Tree or Plant, whatfoever 5 and therefore it is not to be ad¬ mired if the mod fotcile and thin partentreth and penetrateth through the pores thereof, being there preferved, doth not corrupt in a long time. Manna is ( accor¬ ding zs Avicenne and Mefue relates,) of an equal temperature , more inclining to heat then othcrwife. But according to eMverroeJv. is hot and moift, it loofneth the body, although but weakly by it felf alone, and therefore it is given to women with child, and to little children without any hurt or fear; being mingled and wrought with medicines, it increafeth their vertue. It gently and eafily purgeth choler, taketh away third, openetb and mollifieth the parts of the breft, and of the throat; but it cannot be preferved in the true perfe&ion thereof above one year. Leaving the faid City two miles, we come to the River Buthroto , whereof Livy maketh mention ; and notfaroff is the little Caftleof Siderono , withche River Locano which is full of fifh; and a little above is Grotteria , which is fix miles from the Sea, and from Jeraco ten. Barrio is of opinion that the faid City was builded by Idomento, King of Candta , called by the Ancients Caftrum Mi- ncrvs. The Territory thereof is very fruitfull and fertile, becaufe thatbefides the great abundance of fruit, of oyl, of almonds, of (ilk, and of thebedhony; it hath very deleffable and pleafant Gardens full of Oringes, Citrons, Limons, and Pomgranates, and in it are Mines of Gold and Lead. The faid Country is adorned with the dignity of a Marquifs fubjed to the houfe of Aragona d‘Ajerbe. Departing from grotteria we come to Mottagioiofa, called by Pliny and by Mela, Miuijlra , where is made good Wine, Oyle,~and Silk , and there is aifo Mines of Salt. Near the Sea is Raccolla, called in old time Amphijjia> whereof Ovid in the jy book of Met. maketh mention, faying, „ Levtbufque Amphijjia remit faxa fugit. Mottapaganica. The Promon¬ tory of Cocin- to, now f called the Cape of. Stilo. The Ionian Sea,where it beginncth to he fo called. Stilo. Badolato-. S&triano , Fetrito. Scvcrato. This Country hath lately been honoured with the dignity of a Prince, by the fa¬ vour of King Philip. Following the fame way, we come to the mouth of Alaro,. which the Ancients called Sacra ; after weincountcr Mottapaganica , we come to Monefteria, very famous for the excellent Cheefes, and Flax that are made there ; a little higher appears the ancient Promontory of Cocinto, which is now called the C ape of Stilo, which according to the opinion of fome, is the longeft in all Ita¬ ly, there are digged round about it many Mines of Gold, of Silver, and Iron, and of Steel. From the point of the above faid Cape beginneth the Ionian Sea ; and afterward is Stilo, a good and populous Country , whofe Territory is very rich of Mines of Gold and Silver , and other Mettals. And there isalfo made very excellent Flax, Capers, Saffron, Bombace, and it ftandeth from the Sea five miles. Tomafo Campanula of the Order of Preachers, was born in this Country, and Te- lefiano the Philofopher, the which hath learnedly writ eight books of deputations againft the Peripateticks in favour of Berardino Telefio, and is now at this prefent writing De fenju rerum , where he (hews he underftands all things. A little di- ftant is Santa (Jaterina, and Badolato, a Country very delightfull, where is made excellent Wines, Oyl, Hony, and very fine Silk , and alfo is gathered great dore of Manna, to the which Country Giulio Berlingiero, and Giovaudomer.ico Greco , excellent Lawyers, at this prefent yield, much honour. After folioweth Satriano y called or the Ancients focinntim, from whom the River taketh the name, which runneth but a little from thence, of the which Thucidides in his third book maketh mention, faying. Laches , Athentexfis egrejjj e navihiu nonnulla l oca locridis jux- ta cxcinnum amnem Locrenfes ad arcendam vim occurrentes cum Proxeno Capatonis filio circiter trecemos eje per tint , detrattifejue arm is abierunt. Afterward is to be feen Petrito y a little Caftle (icuate in a pleafant feat, where is made excellent ^ood Wine; not very far is Claravalle, which for the goodnefs of the Flax contends with Alexandria for the precedence. Then followeth Soverate , whofe Territo¬ ry 5 9 Kingdom of <±A LE S. ry is garnilhed with beautifull Gardens of Citrons, Limons, and Oringcs, where near to the Fountain Mcliteo, is to befeen an Oak whofe leaves never fals. And afterward is Squillaci , a noble and an ancient City, built, as fome affirm , by the Aufoni, or by the Enotri. Of this City thus writeth Strabo , Scyllaceum Atheni- Sjuillaa, tnftum Colonia,qui Meneftei comites fntre: From the name of this City, the Gulf of SqttiUaci taketh its name, fo perilous to Sailers, whereof grows the Proverb, Haufragiu Scyllaccus. Squillace was a Colony of the Romans, asC. Velleio Pa- ^ p rt , vcr |,. ; tercole writeth in his firft book; to the which City C.ajftodoro, Munkof the Order of St. Beneditt hath given great ornament, which writ many books upon divers matters; and among others, compofed the Tripartite Hiftory in i a books, and a book deration animx, and another upon the Canticles; he writ another book of Etimologies, with a Catalogue of all the Roman Confuls. He lived in the time of fufline the old Emperor, and died in the year of our Lord 575. The faid Ci¬ ty is honoured with the title of a Prince, fub)'c& to the houfe of Borgia , where¬ in with much reverence is preferved the body of St. Agatio. Here leaving the River Crotalo, and Roccella, upon a high Hill is C atanparo , a noble and populous City, the which was budded by Fagitio, Lieutenant in Italy for the Emperor Ni- cevbero. And C atanzaro was fo called of the Greek word Cati-~-o , which in La- tin fignifieth fedeo, to which the excellent fituation and the workmanfhip of Silk , “titiytr . and Cloath bringeth great profit, it is one of the faireft and principal Cities of C alattria ; and at this prefentit is the head of this Province, and in it refideth the Kings Audit. In the cbiefeft Church thereof lie with great reverence , the bodies of St.Fi- taliano, and Theodore, Martyrs, whofe holy lives are written by the reverend Pao¬ lo Repo, Bifhop of Vico. Hard by is to be feenthe City of Taverna, which fiandeth near the Wood r m „ ni . S ila. This City had its original from the ancient Trefchincfi , the which being in Trefchincfi • the year 1068. ruinated by the Saracins, was afterward reedified within the land in a mod ftrong and inpregnable place ; but fuftaining afterward divers calami¬ ties , was again newly built by the Citizens thereof two miles diftant, under a moft delicate temperature of air. In the Territory of this City groweth the 6- doriferous Turpentine which Macedonia , Damafco , and Syria fo much efteenacd the having thereof This City hath received much honour by John Lorenzo A- otania, an excellent Divine and Cofmographer, which hath writ the Univerfal Fa- s ; mTU brick of the world, and a learned difeourfe of the nature of devils. Towards the Sea-fide is to be feen Simari ; and a little diftant is the City Tri- Trifcbenefi. cheneft, which had very ftately buildings in the old time ; but at this prefent the reliques are fcant to be feen. Then followeth the City Belcajlro , which fome fay was the ancient Chona. This City boafteth much of St. Thomas of Aqain, affirming that he was there ( born, where they lay he did the miracle of the Rofes, for which they ceafe not f 'hat ‘ to contend with the Neopolitans, faying he was of their City; this worthy Saint Thomas of A- died in the Monaftery of Feffanova, in the Territory of Terracina , in the year quir was born of our Lord 1274. Near unto it is Mefuraga , called in old time Reatinum, inB elcafiro. builded by the Enotrii, of the which Country was the worthy Mattee Vidio , of ■ K 'f“ r “£ x - the Order of the Minori, whofe body with honour lieth in the City of Taver¬ na. Not far diftant ftandeth Tolicafiro , called by the Ancients Pctilia, which was builded by Philotete, the fon of Phone, companion of Herccle :: Of this City ;> c ;; c3 jj r - Firgil in the 3. book of cAAieid. faith thus. Hie ilia. Dttlcic Melibzi parva Philofletx fubnexa Pecilia mure. This City was a Colony of the Romans, the which was many times defended with much valour againft the aflaults of Hannibal, by whom being at length ta¬ ken, wasdeftroyed. I 2 Then 6o The Hijtoryof the S.Severing. Cutru. The Cape of Pillars. Cajha H-xnnu bills. Co none. See Plutarch in Community and Sr .Thomas in the \ hook of the Methe.r ra :of Arijlotle, Riffano. Longobuccol turn. The quality and difpofiti- on of the men of cli is Pro- Then follows Siberia , an ancient and an honourable City , now called W* I lien roiiows o , in the m ,ds between two famous Rivers, verTftronC bv n.M« andafterfs the Rock whereare digged great hils of Salt, From hence leaving the River Tacina, appears C«m>,which aboundeth with excel¬ lent^Flax and Kttle above is theCafrle, which fome fay (hould be the place Sby’*. U*i«. C 4 r. Ttan *• iSg of Pillars before called the Promontory Lacimo , and was fo called of a famous Pirat which went robbing up and down, and was afterward flam by Hercules who built there a fumptuous Temple to Juno which £wj«^nou,ed with a Cup of Gold; this place was very famous for the School and for the alhes of PiHete, which laid upon the Altar, was not dRpego w.th the wind This Cape of Pillars in thefe latter times was lo called by the many and great Pillars which are there ftanding of the faid ruinated Temple. Leaving this Cape , where beginneth the fecond gulf ot the Mediterrane, is the famous City of Conor e. in old time one of the greateft andclHefeftOcies of Mum* Grecia. The opinions of Writers are divers, by whom the laid Cicy (hould be builded , for fome affirm that it was built by Laczmo C*™™- and Strabo fay it (hould be Mi[do ; Puhagoras more ancient then t .efe wn ech that Heroics built it. This City was very famous becaufe the pb,,of ®Pj"££; term was a Cit.zen thereof, from whofe School proceeded more ^‘‘ofophers then were Captains in the Trojan horfe, and alfo for Orpheus the Poe , a:ndl ©i e~ mocides the Phifician, fo much efteemed of the Kingof Per fa befides the beauty of the women have been much commended , for Zeux,es portraying Images in the Temple of Juno, took them for his pattern, and forthe (ports and exerciies ot Atleta, where was Milo, fo ftrong that he ufed to carry a Bull; and Egone which in running overtook the young Heifers, cutting from them their hoots, and ma¬ king afterward a prefent thereof to his tAmariUis. .... , „ • Walking along we come to the City Cariati which hath the dignity ot a 1 rince; and not far off lieth Calopizzato, Crufia, and the noble and ancient City Pojjano, built by the Enotri ; John the 7. Bi/bop of Rome, which was born there, honou- reth much this C ity. , . „ A little farther within the Land, is Longobucco , whereare >ound certain Mines of Silver ; from thence defeending towards the Sea, we may fee Corigltano ; and not far off is Catfano. in fo fair and temperate a Country , as it is not inferior to che bell part of all the Land of Lav or 0 ; and here within the-circuit of this plea- fane Country was the ancient City of Turio, which at this prefent the people of the Country cMTerranova. Trogo writeth m his 20 book , that the laid City was builded by Filottete , the which was much ennobled by Hcroaottu , having writ therein his Hiftories, in which City he alfo died , as Pliny faith ; from the fame City OBavius Auguftus had his beginning And this City hath alfo been the natural Soil of many Roman Bilhops; Then appears towards the fea-hde, Trebifazze, tAlhidona, tAmendolara, and the River Semio , called in old time Sin, by) the City of S iro, which Hood very near, which was afterward named Heraclea, to whom the Statue of Minerva bred great wonder . in turning and rouling the eyes againft the Ionii, which Packing and fpoyling the City, refpeded it not. 1 he men of this Province are of a white complexion, of indifferent ftature, and ftrong, crafty, firm and refolute injtheir opinions, hardy and flout, much inclin¬ ed to Learning and Arms ; they ufe Daggs, Swords, and Pikes. The Gentle¬ men attire themlelves after theNeopolitan fafhion, and hkewife the women ; but thofe which live in Villages are very rude and barbarous. The Arms ot this Province are per falter on 4. pates gules; and on the fecond partition or. fo many crofTes baftone Sa. The which two Croffes fignifie the two Calaurias; and the other partitions are the Arms of Aragon. Thefe Arms were invented by ‘Don Ferdinando of Aragon,"Duke of Caiauria, thefonof Alfonfus thefirll, Kingof Naples for that he would not otherwife exprefs them, that although the Regi¬ on of Caiauria was divided by his Father into two Provinces, neverthelefs he was Lord of them both. . The Kingdom of 3\[AT LES . 6\ TheCountrcy of OTRANTCX The feventh Province of the Kingdom of NAPLES. He fait and rich Province of the Country of Otranto, cal¬ led in old timi Japigia, as Solon faith, of Japigi the Ion Ot Dedaltu , which came thither with many people to inha¬ bit Thefe people had their original from Latu , ana as others fav from the Cr«i«, which with the//War came into this utmolf bound of Italy. This Province was alfo called S alentina, from the Promontory SalmUno, at this prefent named the Cape of Santa Marta; but V . — f which is to fay the Sea which compaflech it almolt nr i^ n ont cane of land, which is one of the three angles or corners of Italy, vince is an on p nrincioal caoes wherein is a part of the Apenmne, The form and figure of this Province The circuit of this Province. The quality or die earth. 6i The Hiftory of the The great plenty of fruit in this Pro¬ vince. Why thedif- cafcof the le¬ protic reignecll m this coun¬ try. Chirftiri. The diferipti- on of the country. Taranto. Archill the Mathematici¬ an. The river.Ga- lituition e city ©f Ccfiria. G allipolu Vtfnto. neverth clefs being ploughed up, difeovereth excellent mould , and although there be itde (tore of water , it yields good pafture for Cattel , and bringeth forth Wheat, Wine, Barley, Oats, Olives, Citrons, excellent Musk- millions, Biggs, Ap- pies. Pears, Limons, Oringes, Oxen, Affes, Mules of the beft breed, andfucha- bundance of Saffron , that it feems to be rather the proper fruit of this Country, then of Carthage. The great plenty of O; I which is there made, feemeth a thing incredible to thofe which have not feen it, whereby all the Kingdom doth not only abound therewith, but alfo the greateft part of Italy ; and every where is excellent fowling , and hunting both for Conies and hares. And although the a.r be very wholfome, yet the leprefie is very common, by the means, as I think, of eating Pork, and drieFiggs, the ordinary food of the common people. The ~f fpringsof water are partly fweet, and partly grofs and brackifh. In thisCoun. try is bred the Tarantola, whofe venom is driven away with found and finging, the which Galen alfo affirms, with the authority of Theofraflus, of certain-other crea¬ tures. Therearealfo bred the Cherfidri, and there is no part of Italy more trou¬ bled with Grafhoppers , which devour all things where they come , and in one night confumethe ripeft fields. But nature hath provided a remedy by the means of certain Fowls, which they call Ganie , which deftroy this vermin. The Hail alfo much hurteth this Province, which almoft every year doth fome fpoil. The Thunder is there felt, as in the Country of Lavoro , both in Summer and Winter. But coming to the defeription of this Province, beginning at the River Bradano, is Taranto , a worthy and an ancient City , which fome fay had that name from the River Tara, and others from Tara the Ion of Neptune, and others impute the original to Hercules. This City fo increafed by the means of Falanto the Spar¬ tan, who governing under the Democratical Regiment , contended fometimes with the Lucani, and fometimes with the Senate, being alwaies aided by ftrange Captains , having fometines the help of ‘Alexander , and fometines of Pyrrhus, became fo rich , that there was no City except Siracufa , that brought greater riches to the people of Rome ; it glorieth much in her Archita , that admirable Mathematician, which caufitd a Dove of Copper to By round about the City,and of Arijlojfeno the Mufician. Taranto lieth between two Seas, whereof the one is called the great, the other the little ; in the leffer which is in compafs 18 miles, there runneth in many fprings, and the River Cjalefo, by means whereof, and the calmnefsof the water , there are many fifties, andnolefs then in the Sea of Con¬ stantinople. The City ftandethin an Ifland like unto a fhip, having bridges to pafs over into the Continent; here the ebbing and flowing of the Sea is very vio¬ lent; on the other fide with a ditch made by mens labours, is Joyned the little fea with the great, the which ditch is able to receive a gaily , where at this prefent is the City, efteemed one of the ftrongeft Forts of the Kingdom , where was the ' firft Fortrefs which Fardinando of Aragon King of Naples repaired. Of this Country there is no more to be faid, then that which Horace faith , IKe terrarum mihi prater omnes, angulut ridet. ’ Coafting from hence is Ce/aria , a place ruinated by thofe of Cjallipoli , with the lower fea, full of great skuls of fifties; not very far is Gallipoli , a City very fair and populous, which Pltnj calleth A ns. a, but Pomponius Mela nameth it Cjallipo- lis, the faid City was built by the Greeks , which being afterward droven out by the Gauls, called it GaHipoli. The faid City isfituate in a narrow piece of Land, running into the Sea in the fafhion of a Frying-pan, in whofe utmoft part is that molt impregnable City, both for the fituation, the Wall, andtheCaftle. becaufe ' thefteep and craggy Rocks rampireit; where in the Wars between the Aragone- fi and the French, defended it felf in the behalf of Aragon , with great commen¬ dation. That excellent Philofopher fohn Baptijla Crifpo, hath much ennobled this City,who hath writ 23 books De Ethnicis philafophis cauteIrgendis , and three o- thers de Animarum ftatuex hac vita migrantium. Departing from thence is V- gento, and the Cape of Luca , called in old time the Promonto y of Japigio- and in this place was the famous Temple of Minerva,whetp was kept the Arms and the Chain Kingdom of uf A'P L 8 S„ *1 Chain of Diomedes ; this cape is now called the cape of Santa Maria , in the end of thecountry, fo named at this prefent by the fumptuous church here builded in honour of the glorious mother of our Lord, called of the Ancients Promonto- rinmppigium, and of Pliny, Arajapigia. This caperifeth out as a front or brow of Lacinio, compaffing on both tides the gulf of Taranto. Then follow¬ ed Caflro, a place to be noted for the mines it fuftained by the Turks, in the time that Soloman attempted the cnterprife of Italy. Not far from thence is the cape and the famous City of Otranto ; here Acomat Bafcia firft muttered his fouldiers in /m/y.having deftroyed this City according to the manner of Mahomet z. his Prince, he made new fortifications in the city. Whereupon Were afterward made by our anceftors fo many fortrefles through ail Europe , that they feemed invinci¬ ble And this city is fo near to Greece, that it is fcant diftant 50 miles, and there¬ fore in this place 1 think firft Pirrhtu , and after M. Varro purpofed to joy n Italy with Cjreece by a bridg of (hips. Here alfo begins the Adriatic^ Gulf, which is divided from the Ionian fea,as it were by a line or path,, although many fay it hath its beginning from the Mount St. Angelo ; or rather according to fome, (tom An¬ cona. This great gulf had its name from the city of Adna , the which lying crooked as it were a horn, more then any other gulf of the Mediterrane, even to Tittle, feparating Italy from Sclavonic ., being on the right fide full of Havens, and having very few on the left, and oftentimes fo tempeftuous, whereupon grew this Proverb amond the Ancients, Airia fttriojior ; it is now called the gulf of Venice, that famous City giving the name by a Ring of Gold, which the Duke cafteth in on the Afcention day, the Popes Legat being prefent. And c on- tinuing this courfe are to he feen near the Lake of Liminiti certain ruins,which de¬ clare the greatnefs of the Emperor tMdrian. After comes the Haven or t. /a- taldo, and Brindefi , which was hornet,mes one of theebiefeft cities in; tot all the (hipping from the Eaft arived here; and now through difeord and diffentt- on it is half defarc. And therefore the aire is very unwholfome, a thing which hapneth to all great cities why the air is no better, 1. the want of inhab,tants(be- caufe they dry up the moift and moorifti places with their tillage , and cutdown the woods that are too thick, and with fire purge the ill air, and with high bin ¬ dings have that which is good ) fo contrary there is nothing worfe then the foa- tude of great cities, becaufc not only they are deprived of the abovefaid helps but of the houfes themfelves, and their mine is the receptacle of corruption whic appeared in Aquileia, Rome , Ravenna, Alexandra in Egtpt, and MoBagdel. ho the which caufe the Greeks did not too exceftively mlarge their cities.‘J- too w ° u1 ^ not that his (hould exceed five thoufand Families , that all his people at one inftant might hear the voiceof the Crier. The Haven of Bnndefiis like to the head of a hart, whofe horns compafs the city within it,, b ' ca “ f ' “ “ ‘'4 two it is barred up with a chain, the outward partis guarded by two rocks, and an iHand-che mouth of it is very deep.but in the Wars between K.Alfortfu and lv a Gaily can pafs. Here we incounter two Valhesdigged by hand.whicn bring n the fea on the right hand , and the left fide of the city l.eth m fuch fort that !r makes almoftan Iftand. It hath two fortreffes one within.the two horns, huttt bv the Emperor Frederick, the fecond of fquare ftone, very beautifully built; , Ainrhe neof St Andrea At the mouth of the outward haven, bulk by v e ° a,r f L 0f strahoV^sdty Brand,,[turn , and others write thaut umTbuilded by the -Ero/a, and afterward inhabited by tb^m^, which came with Thefens and Gnofo , and at laft it was a colony of the Romans, and m old time wfs of fo mat power, that L. Flcro faith it was the head of the Salem,- ni. M Tacuvio, the Tragical Poet, the nephew of Enmut on whole Tomb (at A. Gcllio, was ingraven this Epitaph. Adolefcens, temetfi properas, hoc te faxttm rogat, Vt fe afpicias ; deinde quoifcriptum eft, legos. flic funt poets Pacuvii Mar ft fit a Ojfa ; hoc volebam, ntficim ne ejfer. vale. Otr lilts. The diftance between Otran¬ to and Greece. Where ihe A- driatick Gulf beginneth. • / Why it was called the Gulf of Venire. The Lake of Liminiti. Brindep. pUto and Ari- fiotle, how great they would hare a City to be. The Haven of Brundeft. By whom Brindef "is built. There Matera- The Mine of Boalearmo- nack. The Poec £«- ftaebio. Mot oh. Mifagne' Otra. Leccic• ' The Epitaph of the Tomb the Poec £n- nitif. Bembo in the 7. book of the Hiftory of Venice. This Leonard* Prato GiticciaT- dino t and o- thersfay, was of Maples,but iris not true. The Hijlorj) of the There lieth with great reverence in the principal church thereof, the bodies of St. Theodore and Tclino, Martyrs, and there is to be feen all the whole tongue of St. Jerome. The noble Families that are in this city, are thefe following, Bailee, Bove, Caracciolo, Catignano, Cuggio, d‘ Eredia, Fornaro, Pando, Pafcale, P tunica, Ra- mendo, Scomafora, Sajfo, Tomafino, V Ulanova, Vacchedani , and others. Between Brindefi and Otranto, every place is full of Olives; but from Brindefi to Of uni (for the fpace of 24 miles) there is nothing but bufhes and woods. Brindefi is di- Ifant from Rome 360 miles, and from Durazzo 220. On the Mcditerrane lieth in a corner of the River Bradano,Matera, the which fome fay (hould be Achcronitia, Matera is diftant from Gravina twelve miles,and is very famous for the flrangenefs of the fituation thereof, and for the multitude of people, and in it is a Mine of Boalarmonack, which is of excellent nature to heal a wound, and the bloudy flux, and the biting of venomous creatures ; and moreover there is a Mine of Saltpeter Ettfiachio , faid to be of Materea, was a citizen thereof, a Phifician which in verfe writ of thevertue of the Baths of Po^uolo, and alfo M. Vito of Matera , a very learned man of the Order‘of St- Dominic 1 ^, was a citizen thereof, as the Chro¬ nicle of the Order of Preachers makes mention, faying, Nec defuit Italia dare no, bis fratremvitum de Matera fjdus, atque alteram lunge clarius Following that way, we come to Motola,Mi/agne, and Otra, which hath the title ofaMarquifs -. and a little farther appears the ruines of Batefo , but without that famous fountain, being either loff, or otherwife having changed its courfe. Afterward is to be feen Leccie , wh ere retides the Councel of State and the Nobility of the Province,which hath fuch a refidence, fuch buildings, and the precind of fuch a country, and fo great civility, that it feems as a little Maples. Carlo Sigenio cals this city Aletium, and others Licium , which as fome write was built by Idomeneo a Greek , Captain of the Grecian fouidiers, and called it Litio, of his own country. Others fay that it was not Idomeneo, but Ma/cnnioKinf’ of the Salentini that built it; buthowfo- ever it is not to be doubted but it is ancient. Afterward it increafed in people by the ruine of Lupia, and of Rudia the natural place of the Poet Ennius , which as Cicero writetb, upon his Tomb were ingraven thefe verfes, trffpicite 0 civet fenu Enniiirr.aginu urnam, Hie vejlrum panxit maxima falla patrum. Nemo me Lacrimis decoret, nec funera flctu Faxit ? cur ? V elite viva per ora virum. This City hath an excellent fruitful! Territory with pleafant Gardens, and *- bout it is a Grove of Olive-trees of forty miles, which yields a very fair profped. Within the faid city befldes many goodly churches, there are alfb 13 convents of Friers, 8ofMunks, and two honourable and worthy Hofpitals- The citizens thereof are generally given to Arms and Learning, and all apparel themfelves very coftly. This city hath broughr forth among others, excellent men of War, as Let, nardo Prate Knight of Jerufaltm, Bailief of Fenofa, which as Bembo writeth, was one of the beft Captains of his time , and in the enterprife of the Rodes kild in a Angle combat a Turkifh Giant, which very often bad overcome valiant Chriflian Captains , he being very expert in the Wars, ferved the Commonwealth of Venice with fuch general applaufe , that after his death the faid Commonwealth ereded a Statue of Marble , which at this prefent is to be feen in the Church of St. John and Paul, with this fubfeription , Lcornardum Prattem militem fortijjimum, dr ex provocatione femper villorem. Przfeclum Ferdinands junioris, dr Friderici Regum Ns*p- ob virtutem terrejlribas, navalibufque preliis fcelicijfmum magnis, clarijfmifque rebut pro veneta Republica gifts, pugnantem ab hofie cefum. Leenaraut Loritanm Trincefs , & amphifflmus or Jo Senatorial prudentix , ac fortitudinie ergo , ftatua hxc aqutftri donandum cenfuit. Scipio Ammirato , an excellent Hiftorian , liveth at this prefent with much ho¬ nour to this city , which for his rare qualities is much efteemed by the Duke of Tufcan, 6 5 Kingdom of « 5 \£ «A P L E S a Tufcan. Going a little forward through this pleafant and delightful! country, is fituate upon a bill the City Ogento , by Ptolomeo called Vxentum, which hath the' title of a Count fubjeft to the houfe of Or[mn\ and walking certain miles appear¬ ed the fair country of St. Pietro in Galatina, the natural country of Marc. Anto¬ nio Zimara , and of Theophilm his fon, an excellent Philofopher. Departing from thence, and walking a mile appeareth Soleto, called by Pliny Soletnm, of which , place was Matteo, called of Soleto, the famous Nigromant. Hard by is the wor¬ thy country of Galatena , to the which oMntonio (called the GalateanJ hath given great honour, a Philofopher, Orator, Poet, and an excellent Cofmographer, whofe Works are well known, he was dearly eftcemed of King Fardinando of ragtn, and of King Frederick^, from whom he obtained many bountiful! gifts; he departed this life with much honour inche year of out Lord 1509. in the city of Lecce, on whofe Tomb remaineth this Epitaph. Q«! novit medical antes, & fydera cotli Hac (]alatetu hnmo conditus Hlejacet Q ui ccelum, terramque animo concepit Olympum Cernite 'monales quam brevis tsrna tegit. The fields of this country are fruitful), and yield all forts of corn, wine, and oyle; the Marquifs thereof is Co/mo Pine/li, the fon of Galeaz.z.0, Duke of Acerenza, a Lordwarthily qualified, very vertuous and kind , and as he hath an honourable prefence, and a Princely port, loves not onl y Arms, but Learning alfo, wherein is added further perfection in the full felicity of a flowing wit, gracioufly to cxprefs his noble and high magnanimity, whereby he doth not a jot degenerate from his worthy progenitors. Walking along we may difcover certain fmall Villages and Caftles here, and there near thefe places,which being of no great importance, I think beft to omit. Going from Qalatena fix miles, appeareth Paravita , and Nardo, a city very fair and ancient,which Ptolemy calleth Njrittim, where is often feen in the air, the fouthwind blowing, as it were in aglafs, the likenefs of thofe things which are round about, the common people that knows not the reafon or caufe thereof, imputeth it to a diabolical illufion, whereas the reafon is the difpo- fition of the place, and the quality' of the air, which is made thick through the fuperfluous and exccflive humidity oppofite unto it: hard by are to be feen the ruines of Vefte, where not long fince were difeovered certain Epitaphs of the anci, ent Letters of Mejfapie. Afterward we come to Cafalnnovo , edified by the ru¬ ines of the ancient Mandurio, which hath a very frnitfull Territory. But coming now to an end of this Province , it remaineth that we declare fome- Ca fohm thing of the Inhabitants, the which generally are very ftrong , and of a comely ^"duno. conftitution.fimple in behaviour, and more neat then thofe that dwell near unto quaJiJyo"? e i, fe them, their proper language feemsco be divers, for fome fpeak with the pallat, o- inhabiranrs'of thers with the pallat and the breft, and in all appears a ftrong and ingenious wit, th is Province, and in their apparel very decent and comely. They apply themfelves much to Arms, and thofe that are exercifed in Learning prove very excellent. Whereupon I do believe that which a wifeman feigned, that here Mars and Minerva fhould incounter, only for that itfeemeth that the moft part of men therein are imployed in Learning and Arms. The Arms of this Province is or. four pales gu. a Dol- T/ievmsof phin proper, in his mouth a Crcflent argent. The original of the which Arms the region of was in the year 1481. At the time that Alfonfus of Aragon Duke of Calauria, Otranto. the fon of Ferdinando the firft King of Naples, drove away the Turks from the city of Otronto, and other places; whereupon the men of this Province willing tolhewthat great fervice which the King had done for them, in delivering them from the hands of the wicked Tyrant Mabumet the fecond, Emperor of the Turks, ' for this caufe devifed the faid Arms, declaring by the four pales gu. in the field or. the Arms of the King Fardinando of Aragon. The Dolphin was no new inventi-. on, but very ancient, for fo much as the monuments declare, that the Dolphin with Neptune were the proper enfignes of the country of the Salentini ; but only they added the half-moon in the mouth of the Dolphin, noting thereby that the new K Scjgniory Ogento. Si. Pietro iri Galatina. Galatena.’ Cofmo Pinelli , Marquifs of Galatena. - Paravita: Nardo. 66 <1 he Biftory of the c . . n ,hirh the Tvrant Mahumct endeavoured to hold in this worthy Pro- vmfe wLbySe care^nd diligence of the valiant Jlfirfm, and thevertueof the Inhabitants thereof taken from him.* ;, firnamed of Cjiovena^r. »,companion of St. Dominick, gave the name to this City, to whom was revealed the manner of con¬ veying his bones, as is to be read in the book of the famous men of the Order of Preachers. Walking along we come to Mola, Saint Vito , Polignano, St. Stefano, and Vi/lanova. Farther within the land are thefe cities, Monopoli, built by the ruines of Egnatia, to which City hath grown great honour by Tartholomeo Sibil- U of the Order of Preachers, an excellent Philofopber and Divine, and Camilla Querno, a fingnlar Poet who lived in the time of Pope Leo, Ojlnno, Ceglie, Convtr- fano, Gioia, Rotigliano, *s 4 ltamnra, Acquaviva, Cajfano, Monorvino, Medugno Terlivoi, Rutigliano, guarato, Pulignano, and Bifeglia, called in old time Vie He a noble city and full of Traffick, wherein was found the bodies of St. Mauro Bi- fliop of Sergio, and Pantaleone, martyred for the Chriftian faith , being revealed to Francefco del BaUa d‘ Andri, Lord of this city, who caufed them to be put with great reverence in an honourable Sepulchre, from which rifeth (as they fay) con tinually a precious liquor called Manna.- After follows Bitetto, Ruvo and Gra- 'uima a great city, very fair and civil, the which with the title of a Duke js ancient¬ ly pofleft by the worthy Family Orfna, Don Antonio Orfino is the prefent Duke) thereof, a young man, which is very likely to imitate the honourable fteps of Duke' Ferr ant his father of worthy memory. And the faid Gravina was the Garner and! Store-houfe of Puglia, for theineftimable quantity of corn which was gathered in the Territory thereof; and there is one notable thing which is there done every fummer by the Stork, whereby the country receiveth no final! benefit by the de- ftruftioa of Serpents which breed there too plentifully , whichthe Storks feed K 2 upon; The limits &: fertility of this country of BarL The’fsble of the nymph FiUjda. Barletta. The city Trani Don Ferrant Gon^aga, Prince of Molfetta. Nicola di Gio- ' vene^zp cora- pinion of St. j Dominick: j Monopoli* The city Gra - tina,why it was fo called.^ 6 S *7 he Hiflory of the The batel which the ftork makes with the fer- pent. Eitonti. Cornelia Muf- fo Bifliop of Bironta. Adri. Canofa. The tarantole and their na¬ ture, fee Alex¬ ander of Alex¬ andria in the 2 lib.ofrhef. Gent ale. cap.17 The quality and condition of the men of this Province. The arms of this Province, and thefigni- fication there¬ of. upon; whereupon I will not conceal the itianner obferved by this bird in killing that venomous creature, as the people of the country report, and is at all times to 'befeen. The Stork bath a very long beak , bigg and {harp pointed, and making one of his wings to ferve as a buckler, which is very great among the bigg quils thereof, thrufteth his beak in and our, being accompanied with a very long neck, fo fiercely pricketh and gripeth his enemy, untill he kill him, and afterward taking him in his mouth catrieth him to his neft, oftentimes flying within the view of the city. And it is'to be noted that in this combat was never feen any ftork killed by the ferpent; whereupon the Dukes have alwaies obferved by a penal Aft to punilh whomfoever killeth any ftork, and therefore they live familiarly with them. The Arms of gravina are certain eats of Corn, and bunches of Grapes,to declare how much the Territory thereof aboundeth with thefetwo forts of fruits, that isto fay Corn and Wine , whereupon fome think from thence it taketh its name. In this Province is Bitonto, fo called as it were bonttm tot urn, it is a rich and a populous city ; the Territory thereof is very fertile, for fo much as it yields befides Wine, Oyle, and Corn,Almons, and Oringes, and Limons in great abundance. Jxl'tut Acqnaviva Duke of Atti was Marquifs of Bitonto. This country is famous by • the means of Antonio the Divine , an excellent Preacher, and Mariano likewifea Divine of great name in his time. Cornelia Mujfo the Bifhop doth alio increafe the honour of this city, an admirable and incomparable Preacher, whofe Works are generally known. There is Andri the renowned and beautiful! City,and like- wifeC within awhile after was revenged ieing induced by the Romans with a filent d » a va ii an t Citrfor L. Tapi- nth a notable overthrow given unto thetn un er prefent f as is elfe- io, the which is difeourfed at large by Tnm Livm- At p . w hcr? The Sanniri fe their inhabi* ters. How long the war conrinu* ed between theSannires and the Ro¬ mans. The valley of Cautiina. 7 > <7 /be Hijiorj of the The confines of the country of the San- nites. Who were people of chi Sannites- Why it was called Abrupt? The limits of Abruigp Where Abruz- Zo hath its be¬ ginning. where declared) where is named the Gallows Caudine, is called the ftreight of Ar- v , m ar ,d where the Romans pa ft under the yoke, is the yoke of St. Mary and the Valley Caudine is eight miles diftant from Benevento. Strabo fpeaking of the Sannity thus faith. Samites p'ofirem a Sjlla deleft fmt, qrns cum caterts halts hel¬ lo fralils fobs arma retinentes, ac Romarn opfugnantes, videret , alios tn fugace- cidit alios abjelhs armis fe dedentes ad quatuor mtllta m villa fubhca, qua tnCampo Martlo eft trucidavit , frcMifque profcriptionibus , non ante deftitit, quam univer- fum Sannitium nomen deleverit , ant Italia fugarit. The Region of Sannioms more in length then in breadth , for it had on the North the Ferentam and PugUefi, on the South the Campani and Lucany, on the Weft the Aufoni with Tiligni, and on the Eaft the fame Lucani and Pugliefi. The worthieft people of all the Sanniti were the Pentri, Caraceni and Hirpini; from whom this country of Abmzaoo de¬ rived its name , there are fundry opinions, for fome fay, they were called by the La- tines A prut item , becaufe it is mountenous and full of wildhoggs. Others affirm the worthieft that apart of Abruzzo being fometimee inhabited by the Precutini, time having corrupted the word , inftead of Precutio , was called Afrutio. I name this Pro¬ vince eAbruzw , as it is by the Kings Court, and as at this prefent it is commonly called , changing the letter P. into B . The bounds of Abruzzo had on the Halt the River Portore , Tronto on the Weft , on the North the a Adriatic^. Sea , and on the South the Afennine Hils, and moreover alfo it had on the Eaft the Plain Puglia, with the River Portore, on the Weft part of the Sabines, Picentmi, andCampani, with Latium , the Equicoli along the Afennine, as much on the one fide of the faid Hill, as is on the other. 1 1 now taketh its beginning from the mouth of the River Pefcara , and goeth along the fhore of the iAdriatic'kJz&, even to the mouth of Portore , where it ends with Capitanato , leaving by that Province the City of Teramo , and between the Land with Abrttzzo on the other fide, and that branch of the River Pefcara , which rifing from the ftreight of Valata, paffeth by the foot of the tAfennine againft the Land of Popoli , and near it entreth into the Valley called Itramonti- leaving all the country which hath the River on die right fide; and a little higder above the Marfi are the Afennine Hils, where the River Sangro fpringeth , which rifeth from that obfeure Valley of Barren , which they call the Kings Valley , in the Plain near the caftle of 'sangro , which divides this Province from the county of Molife. This Province is partly plain, and partly mountainous, and hath great plenty of Rivers, and great and thick Woods, and the Territory thereof is very fertile, for it bringeth forth Wine, Grain, Oyle, Rice, Barley, and other Corn, and every where is gathered great abundance of excellent Saffron. And although the ait be fomewhat cold, neverthelefs the amenity of the country is fweetned thereby with fo good a temper, and fuch plenty of fruits, and heards of cattel, and abundance of wild beafts , befides ravenous creatures, as wolves and bears. Some think that the Frentani were the moft valiant people of all Italy , but ("as I think ) they were much deceived, having not firft well confidered the words of Pliny, who deferibing the Region of the Frentani, faith it makes the fourth, which from the River Tiferno beginneth the fourth Region of theFrentani, fo that by thefe valiant people he meaneth the Frentani themfelves, and the Marrucini, which came afterward, and the Peligni, and the Precutini; and who readeth the Ro¬ man Hiftories, may know that the fquadrons of the Peligni were preferred before all the Latine Nations. The principal city of this Region is called at this prefent Ci- mtadi £ 7 ;<>fr, named by Pto/omyTeatea, a.n& of Tliny Theate, and alfo of Strabo, Theate, and was fo called by Theata the mother of Achilles. Both thefe faid Au¬ thors write, that this city was the chief and principal head of the Marucini, as like- Civita diChie- w ;f c Siho affirms the fame .faying, ti.the chief ° Peligni the moft valiant people of all Italy. city of this Province. Pepin the fon of Charts the great,for wbac caufe he de¬ stroyed Civita d: Chieti • Marhucina Jimttl Frentani* amnia pubes , Corfini popnlos , magnnmqne Theate trahebat. This city is fituate upon a very high hill, diftant from the Adriatic Sea no more then feven miles, it was deftroyed by Pepin the fon of Char Is the great, for taking part with the Longobards $ but it was about two hundred years fallowing re¬ paired Kingdom of VfAF L 8 S„ 7 1 Gotfredo the the Norman mad eCivitadi Cbieti the principal city of Abrupt). Orton. The body of St. TAnmarthe Apoftle. ' The light of St Mermo, which appear- ethtofailers when they are in great dan¬ ger. The city Fe* rentnnn,now called Ftmcdr uilla. LancttnD. paired again, and became Co pleating to the Normans for the moft pleafant fituati- on thereof, that Gotfredo the brother of Ruberto Cjttifcardo , in the time of Pope Nicholas the fecond poffcfliug this Province, made thefaid City the head of all the Country of Abruxx,o, theTerritory thereof is very excellent, and bringeth forth all neceflary things, as well for profit as pleafure. beyond the River Sangro, a- mong the Peligni is the ancient City of Orton upon the Sea, being by Strabo cal¬ led Ortonium, and of Cato, Ortonum-, but Ptolomj nameth it Ortoni And Stra¬ bo writeth that it was in old time called Petra Piratorum , becaufe the Rovers and Pirats retired hither when they had robbed at the fea ; in the which City is to be feen in a very ftately Church, where with great reverence is preferved the body of St. Thomas the Apoftle, with his ancient Tomb, in which Church appeared! al- waies upon the Steeple when any fhip is in danger at fea , the miraculous light of St. Heramo, which the Ancients'attributed to Cajlor and Pollux, although Philo- phers affirm that it naturally proceeds from the repercuflion of the air through the winds and water, which feemeth very unlikely, becaufe there is not fo much as the leaf of a tree that moveth without the providence of God; how (hould this light cafually chance, the fea prefently becoming calm , and the failers in fafety, which in that perilous Rate called faithfully upon the name of God ? Neither can it be by the means of any evil fpirits, for never is fhewed any deed of piety but by fome celeftial and divine means, and efpecially towards the faithfull. Not far diftant from Ortona, is to be feen Ferentana, at this prefent coriuptly called FrancaviUa, becaufe it was often poffeft by the French; this City was (according to Razano) the head of the Frentani. From the River Sangro, or Sanguine, called in old time Saro, four miles diftant; and as far from the fea is Lanciano,^. noble City, called by PRny, nAnxium, and of Ptolomy, Anxanum : Here at two feveral times in the year, that is to fay in the month of May and Auguft, do Merchants auemble al- moft from all parts of Europe , Afia , and from other parts, where is a principal Mart or Fair very famous through all the world: on the right hand of Lanciano, at the foot of the Hill is Maiella and Patumbaro ; and on the right hand of the River Sangro , near the Sea, is the Monaftery of St. John, where fometimes was the famous Temple of Venus ; and above are thefe Countries, Foffaceca, and the Fort of St. John ; and a little higher on the fide of Sangro are feen the great ru- ines of the City of Rica , which the countrypeople call Seca ; on the right hand cometh the River Aventino , and joyneth with Sangro, and near the foot o Maiella are thefe Countries , Civitella and Lama, and on the right hand of the River Aventino is Palenafhe word being corrupted in place no near the which appears the ruines of the ancient City fometimes the chief and head of the Piligni, called Superequani. This Country is ennobled with the dig¬ nity of a Count, the Lord whereof is Matteo of fapoa. Prince of Conca, a very rich Lord, and a great lover of Learning. But returning behind Lanciano, going along the (hore of the lea, wee o ^ river f0 _ the mouth of the River Foro, which rifeth from the Mount Maiella, whereiten- ^ treth into the Sea, near the which is the CaftleTV/o, andon the left fide t e ToJfo. near unto it is Miglionico ; and a little higher is Fara, and[before it tsRap.no, and m iglmte, nearto Maiella is W. After the mouth of the River Foro is to be feen on the fea the mouth of the River Lento , which alfo rifeth from MatelU. One whofe right fide (but yet very near; diftant from the Sea but five^rniles, appears Vtllama- nia, above the which (neverthelefs under Maiella) istheCaftl eFetrono, near to the which is the Fort of Montipiano, and above the fountain from whence the Ri¬ ver Lento fpringeth, is Cafiel Menale. And fomewhat lower upon the Medtterrane is Succhianico, a civil Country, honoured with the dignity of a MirquiCa^the Territory whereof is very fertile, and hath great plenty of Olives; going a li farther we come to the noble and fair City of Solrnna , by We tailed Sulmo and likewife Ptolemy and Cato fo name it; the fa.d City was bu.lt by SolemooCFre- gia the companion of oAEneat. That eloquent Poet OvtdNafone, was here born, as he witnefleth in the 4 book of deTrifiibwsy in his tenth E egy, Sulmo mihi p atria efi gelidis nberimus undfs^ Mi Hid qnt novies difiat ab nrbe decern . Fara Rapino Fenna The river Len¬ to Villamaina Fetrono The fort of Montepiano Caftel Menale J$uccbiavich 9 The city Sul- mona y the natu. ral place of the Poet Ovid; 7 Z The Hijlory of the The River A- ter no, now called Pefcara. Tlje (tony oyl which rifeth in the territo¬ ry of CantalHpo Caramanico. Cufano. The mines of pitch which are in Mating pelli. The nature Sc condition of the people of this Province. The arms of this Province, and whac they fignifie. And the Poet Martial in the firft book of his Epigrams declares the fame, faying, Mantua Virgilia gaudet, verona Catullo, Peligna gentis gloria dicar ego. This City bath the dignity of a Principality, the Lord thereof is ‘Don Horatio of 1 {oia, a moft generous Knight. Departing from Sulmona we come to the River Atemo, now called Pefcara, from the City of Pefcara, which is very near, built by the ancient City of Atemo, from whence the River hath its name; The faid Ci¬ ty is ennobled with the dignity of aMarquifat, poffeft by the Family Davolo. Go¬ ing a little farther towards the Mediterrane, is the little Caftle of Gantalupo, fitua- ted at the foot of a Hill, under the which moft miraculoufly doth flow a liquor called the ftony oyle, the which is very carefully gathered for the vertue and medi- cinable operation. Afterward appears Caramanico, a noble Country, the Terri¬ tory whereof is very fertile; and a little beneath is to be feen (fufano , in whofe higher parts the River Librata endeth m Pefcara, in old time called^» 4 ?,into the which runneth two little Rivers, which alfe defcend from MaieHa , in the midft whereof is the Country of Lietto Manupe/lo, in whofe Territory is a Mine of Pitch, which was found the year 1577. And it is in the manner of Tarr. Being now come to an end of this Province, it remains that I declare fomewhat of the Inhabitants; Thepeopleof this Country are very tall and ftrong, and in countenance not much unlike the French Nation; in bargaining with flrangers they are Ample and courteous, full of courage, and much affefted to the profefli- on of Arms, wherein they grow to great perfe&ion ; they are not very coftly in their apparel ( but much given to hunting, they are alfo well inclined to Learning, and apply themfelves much to the ftudy of the Law, and Phiflck. The Arms be¬ longing to this Province, is or. a wild Boars head couped in pale on bas, a yoke in chief gu. noting as I think thereby , the great abundance of wild Hoggs that are therein, and with this, that memorable exploit that chanced between thefe people and the Romans, as it is before recited ; moreover it may be faid, that thefe two charges fliould ftgnifie the fame fervice, placing the head of the Boar as a fierce and cruel beaft,for the arrogancy of the Romans put under the yoke. But I refer my felf to better judgment; f ABR^Z- Kingdom of n the Land, is Civita S. Angelo, which Pliny and Ptalomy names Angola- above telo. the faid Country, near the River, is the little Country of Jlece. From Piomba, iltce. three miles from the Sea, is another River called Salino; on the right hand where- The river 0 f on E he fhore is a Caftle called Porto S. Angelo, and a little above within the Porto St.Aoge- Country entreth into Salino another River called Sino, which floweth from the lo. “ Apennine, at the foot of the Hill Corvo , on whofe right fide are eight Countries The river Sino. and Caftles, the which fhail be named the one after the other, Caff lento, Monte- Caflilem. ficco, Pignano, Bifento, Corvignano, Serra, and Valviano ; and a little below the s'em™' mouth of the River Sino, doth alfo run into Salino another River called Tavo, The river Ti- w .bich rifeth near Corvo in the Apennine. In the midft of thefe Rivers, five miles vo. diftantfrom the Sea, is (fivita diPenna, an excellent Countfy, and very famous in civita it Pen■ old time, P linj callcth this City Pinna , and placeth it among the Veftini. Of this City was the moft valiant young manP/»»e»,of whom Valerius Max'mus maketh mention ; but much more it is honoured for bringing forth that famous Lawyer, called Luca of Penna , who learnedly writ upon the three books of the Valerius Maxi- Code wherein appears his great Knowledg both in Divinity and the Law, and par- ttnu de pietate ticularly of the conftitutions in the municipal Laws and cuftoms of this King- ogaparenes. as he fheweth to be very judicious and skilfull in divers places , and efpeci- ally in Law-Caufes, de fentin. adverf, fife urn lates retraclandis lib,\2. In the Ru¬ bricize. de Magiftris facr. ferinioruus lib. i2. where he teacheth the Office of a principal Secretary of the Kingdom. And in the l. d palatinis, C de privilege co- rum qtti infacro palatio militant, where very diffufedly he difputethof one of the principal conftitutions of the Kingdom, alleadging Andrea of Ifernia , Prince of the Luca de P enna. 75 Kingdom of AT LBS, tfee Feudifts. All this I thought good to declare , what a worthy man hath been of this City , although otherwife modern writers have fatly cbriftned him for a Frenchman, defrauding his Country, where at this prefent in the Hall of the pub- lick Palace is to be feen his ancient Picture, with the late named young Pluton, and betides yet ftandeth his houfe where he dwelt. Afterward not much diftant from the River Tavo, appears above the Hils the pleafant country of Laureto, and the Hill Corvine. Then cometh near upon the fhore the mouth of the river Atcrnt, now called Pefcara, which is one of the principal rivers of the country; and near the Monaftery of Cafaneva, runneth into it another river which rifeth on the right band on thefide of the Apennine called Nuria, on whofe right fideare Mon - teftlvano, Spotorio , Mefcufo, Pianello, and Capogatto , all Cattles ; and under the fountain of the faid river is the noble Monaftery of Cafaneva , of the Order of Ciftello , which is not only beautified with fumptuous buildings, but with great riches. Above Nuria on the right hand of P efcara, are Roffano, Alendo P etranico, the Towers of A mondlo , and a little above is Caftiglione. And coming down from thence we incounter a river called C apod’ acyua , who hath a very great fpring, and near the fountain is Offer,a, and on the left hand is "Buffo, between the which two Cattles, but two miles diftant is Capiftrano , the natural place of the holy John Capiftrano of the Order of the Minors of St. Francis , who in his life did many miracles. Above Capiftrano within the Land is Carapello , and ac the afcenc of the Hils near to the river Pefcara, is Vetorito, and Raiano; and going but a few miles higher upon the ridg of a Hill is to be feen the ruinated City ot'Amiter. no, by Strabo named Rmiternum, whofe magnificent buildings both of the Theatre, and certain great Churches, and mighty Towers declare what greatnefs it was in old time , and Livy writeth that S purio Cornelia Carviliolhs Conful, took hrm- terno , and there were cut in pieces 2800 Citizens, and 4280 made prisoners , and notwithftanding the fame Livy addeth, that L Scipio goinginto Africa, they vo¬ luntarily offered themfelves to go with him in that atffion with the Umbri, Nor- cini, and the Reatini; Amitemo is called by Virgil, full of Towers. There are to be feen among the ruines of the faid City, graven in Marble , the triumph of theSannices, when they caufed the Roman Army to pafs under the yoke at the Gallows of C audine, and the Sepulchre of the daughter of Drufo , and near to the Theatre is the Temple 6f Saturn the founder thereof. This City had among other famous Citizens Caio Crifpo Salnftio, Proconful for Cefar in Africa, and the firft writer of the Roman Hiftory, and the Bifltop Vettorino, who died for the faith of Chrift, as Ptolomy and Lippomano faith, intheEmpire of Nerva, whofe name remaineth in a Cattle built among the ftones of thofc ancient ruines where are his bones and 83 Martyrs-, by whom the faid City was deftroyed I cannetyec underftand. Going from hence two miles is Civ it a Tomaffa, a little Cattle, in whofe circuit are to be feen many ruines of ancient buildings, with many inferiptions, which apparently (hews that here was the ancient City of Foruli, celebrated by Virgilm his feventh book of Eneid. and of Silio Italico in his eight book, and Strabo ma- keth alfo mention thereof , and placeth It among the Sabines. And following that way about three miles there are to be feen great foundations of fquare ftones, which the country-people call Furcimio , whereupon it is not to be doubted that there ttood the City of Furconio, the which was not fo ancient nor populous, nor fo rich as Amitemo, but of greater dignity and honour in the time of the Ch'rifti- ans, for in all the Councels for the fpace of 800 years following, which had been in Rome or any other place of Italy , we read the Bifhop of Forcomo. Here was thrown down from a high Tower, that young and holy man Mafftmo, whofe mi¬ racles moved Pope John the j 6. and the Emperor Otho to vifit his reliques, giving to the Bifhoprick twenty thoufand crows yearly, of the whjch it is almoft’wholly deprived, and by Alexander the fourth beftowed upon the City Ayuila. In this place is the Furnafs wherein g iufta, amoft holy Virgin, was condemned to be burnt, but by the providence of God was delivered by an Angel, and inclofed’ in the Mount Offtdo , which is now called "Baz.z,arano. The faid City was deftroy¬ ed by the Longobards , the people whereof being difperfed, Were united with the 1 , L 2 Amiier- Laureto, Jhe hi ICorvi- »«•> The river A- terno, now called Pejeara. The river N*-. rid. Montefihano. Mrfcufo. Pianello. Capogatto.- Rojfan?. A lend*. Caftiglione. Offend, buffo. C a pifir am. Cur ape Vo. Vettorito. Raiano. Ami tern ;• Livy lib. 1 o. Virgil Jib. 7. Crifpo Salujlio u Civita Toma fax Foruli. Furconio . The hi 1 Offl.k, y6 The Hijlory of the Amiternini, Abienfi, and the people Duronii, which likewife fled the wrath and fu¬ ry of the Longobards; and fo under the condud of an Amiternin their Captain cal¬ led Aquila, they built in a pleafant place upon the ridge of a plain and low Hill, a The City A- ca lled by the name of their Captain, Aquila■ which in procefs of time increa- fing with people, was beautified, and afterward inlarged by the Emperour Frederick. the fecond King of Naples, to the greatnefs which now it feems, a City truly very Robert Gnifcard worthy .famous and rich, and the head of this Province. Here Pope Nicolai the fe- the Norman C ond, being much molefted by the Roman Barons, came to the'Parliament with Ro¬ bert Guif card the Norman, who reftoring Bencvento, and all that which he held of the Church, was by the faid Pope created Duke of Puglia and Calauria; the which (as we have alfo declared in the lives of the Kings of Naples) was in the year 1060. The faid Citie is in compafie four miles, and without the walls it hath a very pleafant vally of excellent pafture, compaffed with trees, and watred with cryftalline and frefli Springs, befides the profit which proceeds from the river Aterno , which divi¬ ding it with a pleafing current, yeelds alfo a great commodity by the Mills. The length of this plain is not above four and twenty miles, and three in breadth ; but eve¬ ry where fruitfull. It hath great abundance of all forts of wood, and plenty of corn, wine, oyl, and every other thing which ferveth for the ufe of living creatures: their Orchards are fuch as neither [through cold, or the heat of Summer they ever fail in yeilding their fruits. Whereupon Martial faith. Nos Amiternm ager, felicibus educat hortis. created Duke of Puglio and CaUuria. 1060. The wares and Merchandife wherein this Citie moil abounds,are very fine flax,faf- fron, filk, cloth, wool!, great plenty both of great and fmall catteli, that it ferves the The number moftpartof Italy with flelh: the horfes are excellent couriers and very fwifr. There of the Chur- are in this City an hundred and eleven Churches all richly beneficed; and befides, chesof Aquila. they have many Reliques of Saints, among tire which are the four Protectors of the Citie, carefully and richly kept, and faithfully worfhipped. And within a Coffin of filver, of the value of 1800 crowns, is to be feen the body of St. Bernardino Sene ft of the order of the Minors of St. Francis, the firft reformer of the regular life of that religion. And in the Church of Collemaggio are to be feen the bones of St.Pie- tro of Marrone, called Celeflino the fifth. The other two Protectors, that is to fay, S x..Majftmo in Duomo, and StEquitio in St. Lorenzo, and every one of thefe had a fta- tue or Image from the middle upward,of their naturall bigenffe of pure filver. More¬ over, there is befides the faid Churches twelve magnificent and ftately Monaiieries of religious Nuns. This Citie is much commended for the Conferves and Preferves that are there made : The Citizens thereof for the moft part, exercife merchandize, and making of The nature'- doth, and in every thing fhew prompt and ready wit: In Arms they are fierce and the a" uUani crue "> aH ^ very coftly and ma^iificent in civil matters; they are courteous,& in their ' ’ c 11 ‘ apparell and converfation very civill. The Lady Margarite of Auftria, the naturall daughter of the Emperour Churls the fifth, governed this Citie many years, the Ci¬ tizens for the benefit they received by her, made her a ftately palace in length 256 hands breadth, and in breadth an hundred and fixty, with an hundred windows round about,a very coftly building. But it is not fit that I fhould omit the remembrance of the ftrong & wel fortified Caftle which is in the faid Citje ; for to them that know it, it feems one of the goodlieft Forts in all Italy .This Citieby the tolling of a Bell is able to arm 15000. men.lt hath a great county, rich and much exercifed in Arms, the fi- tuation is for the moft part mountainous and ftrong. Fontano fpeaking of this Citie, tleofditm ‘ ° C ^ US : AuBus pofl civibus,atq- opibns prolatis etiam confinibus,fafta efl Aqui- r 'la nrbs quidem ipfa civibiu, auBoritate, & opibus clara, regionifque totius caput. And in another place fpeaking thereof,faith the like words; Nam & popular ipfe, quarry quam lanificio deditus,ac texture, maxime tamen bellicofus eft, finitimifq ■ ur.dique for- midiniytec minus regibusqui Neapoli imperant. And fohn Albino in his 5. book de Bello inteftino , Alphonfi 2. Aragonei Ducts Calabria , declaring the riches and great pow¬ er thereof,thus wrieeth, Reges praterea urbet,caterofq ■, primores, per tot annos tribute exauftos, veteri quodamodio in regem, Apoftolict fcdis ftgnaintrepidefecuturos,populis „ infuper Kingdom of 3 S£ ry cruel to their enemies. They are alfo very forward in learning; The men which Province, inhabit in the city are feemly and civilly apparelled ; but thofe that live abroad in the hils and mountains are very barbarous and unhandfom , for they cloatb them, felves with very courfe and bafe doath. The Arms of this Province is Azure upon three mounts united and fixed in bafs or. an Eagle difplayed ar; crowned of the fc- cond. The which Arms fome think, that the Eagle fignifieth the Standard which was taken in battel from the Romans ; although others fuppofe it fignifies the Em- T , peror Adrian, which was born in Hadria a city of the Province, and fay that three thi'j Province. Hils or. declares the fertility and riches of the country .- neither are their opinions to be miftaken which fay that the Eagle fignifieth the city of AejniU it felf.the head and principal of alj the country. M The The Hijlory of the 82 PojtMflo.lib* 5. The County of molise; The eleventh Province of the Kingdom of Naples. | He Co . unt y of Molifc is the lejfl Province in the Kingdom V f Z‘ C 'l part of , wherein is EfernU and toil lr ace r> f0 cal,ed from £ he city Sr from whence they alfo had their name which govSed h s country and JW. witneffeth that in hYs ?me l- . w h as f a parading the noble houfe of Molifia the _ he fe , tteth d °wn in his fifth book of the Hiftn™ r>F . e= v « hi ir f ssk people anciently were (according to p’f„/ ’ tfl ® con fi n «of the which river Sanguine on the Weft the Kdri t™!’\ e nv £ r ^ crt0 {° on c ^ ,e taft, the Mils on the South. At this prefLuhe b„nL! rh °" ‘Y No 7 ’ and the of thenewdivifion made by the Kings FvrtY hereoF e3£ [ end not fo far in refpeft part is under Capita, the Principality on tSeS'YhY""^ "T * great « and MrHz.10. J>Uny declaring the confines of rh, p 5 h C0Unt 7 of L ™o- men portuofum Frcntn Tttnum A »*/» f the Frcntanl > writeth thus, Flu- P/m.lib.j.c.n ar»nUi„de regie Fr en , antl . an d mnnoth^ pTaTeft'th ^7^’ ferna fhtmeri Trimum fortuofum. OddU* ff r ™ ’ ,n ,ra Frenta ”»rum a Ti- k:1 - J"t us Anxatini cogn(mine Frent*ni C ^ uc ‘ t < Ort0 »», Aternm am- * *”'■ C ‘ nnt ^ f u f^tes & i„f er „ ates> La . nuenIts. Kingdom of AT LE S. nnenfes. Thefe people were fo named of the Citie Front ana neer to Teano of Puglia, the which Citie at this prefenc is called Francavil/a.Thete people becoming very pu- iffant, made war againft: the Romans ; but being overcome, (as Livy writeth ) by the Confull Q^Aulhin the year 43 3. with one battell, were iworn to the keeping of their faith, and fo obtained peace from the Senate. Ceefitr maketh mention of the Frentani in the firft book of his Commentaries^ and alfo Polybius. And Cato wri¬ teth, that thefe people had their originall from the Liburni, and Valmati, and after¬ ward from the T of cons ,■ and their prmcipall Citie was Larino. This Province is al- molt wholly plain, and hath a very plentiful! Territory; for it yeildeth grain in greac abundance, and all other forts of corn, there is alfo flax, filk, bombace, faffron, an- aiicc, corianders, hony, and good wines, and very fruitful! trees, and great plenty, the air is temperate and healthful!, fweet rivers, and great ftore of cattell; there is excel¬ lent hawking and hunting,but no ravenous creature is therein except Wolves. I will begin to defcribe this Countrey from Campvbaffo , a City built in the midft of the Hills, on this fide the Apennine, from Boiano twelve miles diftant, for here begins the firft countrey of Puglia. The faid countrey is very populous and rich, from whence the counties of Campobafcio have had their originall and furname. Going from this countrey towards Luceria four miles, is Campo di Pietra, which hath a good Territo¬ ry ; and following that way no more then fix miles, appears upon the top of a high hill the Caftell Pietra ; and from hence five miles is MaccbU , which hath the title of a County. And from Campobafcio fixteen miles, is the Caftle Celantia , and from hencelfeven miles is iJfrrki. oppofiteto whom is Gambatefa, and after eight miles, is the Caftell of Motta ; and a litle higher are thefe Cities and Cattles, St. Gintiam, Coletort, GeUono, and in the top is Circo the great, where the river Fortore fpring- eth : fix miles from thence is Finchiaturo, afterward is Baronello , Buffo, Ratino, Roc- cheita, Montefaggiano, and following that way neer the river Fortore are thefe Coun¬ tries and Cattles,/'ftrc//.! (faftel de Lino,Morrone and Giovenijfo, Then we come to verylarge and fpacious fields, which continue the fpace of eighteen miles , even to thefea, and therein arc to be feen the ruines ofthe ancient Gerione, fo often named by Livy, neere whofe walls he writeth that Plar.nib.ill made his ftay. Upon the Hills which joyn with the Apennine , and are above the fountain of Vulturno, on the right hand, are thefe Cf[\\es,Montenegro,Riofreddo, and a little below is the Caftle Forolo, fo called alfo in old time : then coming down by the courfe of the river three miles, neer Fornello is a new countrey, but very populous and rich , which yeilds the belt wine in all the countrey: Diredtly againft Fornello, there belongs to Vultur- no a vally called Porcina, and then fomwhat lower there entreth into Vulturno, a Ri¬ ver which comes from Efernia, an ancient Colony of the Romans, to which City that learned Lawyer Andrea of Rampino, called by the Surname of F.ferma, hath given much honor , whofe works are of great eftimation with learued men: he was a man of great account, and of the counfell of Queen fone the firft, and (as Liparulo write- eth) was flain by Currado of Gottis, a Dutch Baron for giving judgment againft him. This Citie hath a very fruitfull Territory, and the Citizens for the moft part are im- ployed in merchandife.Not far off is Supino, a fair and an ancient citie, called in old time Sepinum ; of whom F/iny calleth the Inhabiters Sepinates. Attending then towards the M editerrane , within a mile ofthe river Fortore, and eight miles from the fea, is the noble Caftle Guilliniaco, and as much more higher is Guardia Alferes , fo named, above the which is Lupara, Cartabuttaccio, and Lucito which hath a fair and fertile Territory, the Lord thereof is Alfonfo Pefcicello a Neapolitane Gentle- mar, a generous young man, and wife, and much inclined to learning. And keep¬ ing on that way, there is to be feen Limofane, Cafielpignano, Rechetta, Cafal rcpa- rando, and Lejpineto which was repaired by Queen fone the firft, by the mediation of “Pietro Cardillo a Neapolitan,her Favorite.Of the which mention is made in the Regifter of the Exchequer Rolls of the faid Queen; of which Family there remains at this prefent a branch of the old (lock, even that learned Ottanio Cardillo, a man indewed with much knowledge, and liveth with great renown. Then a little forwa rd appears Boiano ,a City once eiteemed the richeft,& as it were the principall of Sannio, whereof Livy maketh oftentimes very honorable men- M 2 , tion, 8 ? The origin all. of the Frentani The things moft plentiful in this coun¬ trey. The dtfcripci- on of this Trovince. Campobaffo. Campo di pietra Maccbia % Celentia t Ricci a y Gambatcfa t The Caftle of Motta. St Julians. Colletorto Geldoue. Circo. The river Fortorio. Vincbiatu.ro , Haronelby Buffo , Muirotre. Gerione , Livy lib.22. Montenegro , Riofrcdoy Forolo, Fornelhy The vally P orcina, Efernia, Andrea of £* fernia, a fa. mous Doctor of the law, Supino , Guitliniacoy Lupara , Catabuttaccit Lucito^ LimofanOy Cafielpignano , Rocchettay Cafal reparandc LefpinatOy Rcgtfl Regina, anno ■]34^ liter a A,joJ. ** 7 , Boiano. Livy lib.yrfj 10, 84 - The Hijlory of the tion, and fometimes faith, that it was fack’t and ranfack’c by the Romans, and was more prey’d and fpoyl’d then ever was all Sannio befides. Moreover, Silio Italio maketh mention thereof when fpeaking of the Samnits, he faith, Ajjluit, GrSamnis, nondum vergente favors Slid lib. 8 . Adpoenos, fed nec veteripurgatus ab na Qui Ratal urn , Mucrafqne coluntf&ovianaqnique Exercent Infra aut Caudinisfaucibus harent. Et quos aut Rufra t aut quos tAEfernia, quofve Objcura incult is Herdania mifit ab agnis Brutius baud dijpar, animorumq; unaquventtss Lucanis excitajugis, Hirpinaq-, pubes. In the Book of the Colonies is thus written, B ovianum oppidum lege Julia , milites deduxerunt : fine iter Colonts populoiter amplius non debetur quam pedes Mger ejus per centurias, et Scdmna efl defgnatus. Ptolomj calleth the laid Citie Bucianum. The faid Citie is adorned with the dignity of a Duke. Not very far from Boiano is the Hill Fiterno, which proceedethfrom the Apennine, from whom the river Fiterno,now called Fortore hath the name. Palling from thence towards the fea, and going to¬ wards Termine, is the mouth of the river Trinio, which PI my calleth Tnmum ‘Por- tuofunt, on whofe left fide five miles off, is Cafetluz^o Roccavivara , and the noble citie of Trivento, honored with the title of a County , poflefled in the time of the King of Aragon by Jacobo Caldora, a fnoft valiant Captain, but it is now governed by the houfe of Affiitto. The moft reverend Bifhop thereof Julius (fxfar Mari- conda a Neapolitan Gentleman, and a Prelate of no leffe learning then fincere life graceth now this citie with his great vertue. Then follows Salicito, Foffaceca, Bag- nulo and Civita nova. And coming now to an end of this province, I wil fpeak of the Inhabiters thereof, which are very ftfong and valiant, and much inclined to Arms- they are alfo obftinate in their opinions, and in bargaining with ftrangers very crafty and fubtile, for the moft part they exercife merchandife and husbandry, they apparel themfelves more for tbeir own eafe, then with any decent or comely civility al¬ though the women more refpedt ftrait lacing then feemly attire. This Province ufeth for the Arms thereof in a field gu: a ftar of 8 points ar: with¬ in a border of CeresWhat the faid Arms doth fignifie, Ido not well underftand yet thus much I may fay, that the garland of Ceres fignifieth the great plenty of corn which this countrey yeilds ; and by the ftar argent.noteth the great good will & love of the people which they have to retain the memory of the family of Q a lzo, which in former time governed almoft all this whole countrey, with other places fof great importance in the kingdom ; whereto I give fo much the greater credit, infomuch as the houfe of BaUo gave in their Arms a ftar ar.- in a field gu: Therefore I think it very fit not to negleft this opinion in the prefent defcription of this province al¬ though fome think that the Star fignifieth the profperity of the icountrey whereof the Poet faith, ’’ - filbitoque fragore Fntonuit latuum de coelo lapfa per umbras Stella facem ducetts multa cum luce cucurrit. Among the Romans the ftar was placed above the heads of Romulus and Remus, which fucked the teat of the Wo fe, fignifying the cuftody of .their proper Genio or good lpiric, who preferved them being children. The hill Fi¬ terno. The river For- tore. The river Tri¬ nio. Roccavivara. Trivento . Jacobo Caldorc] Salicito. Foffafeca. Bagnulc• Civita nova. The narure and condition of the people of the coun* trey. The Armes of this Province, and what it fignifieth. Cap it an at a «5 of S^tAPLES. CAP The twelfth Province of the Kingdo m O F NAPLES. His noble and fruitfull Province of Pug/iapiana, which at this pre- - fent is called Capitanata , was anciently named Japygia , ‘Dan- ctpitanau . S C ' nia, Mefapia, and Apulia. The faid Province ftretcheth from the river Lofanto, where the country of Bary endeth , and paf- feth to the river of Front one (now called Fort ore) containing in breadth all between the Apennine hils, where are the Irpini and the Sanniti, and the A driatich,, or rather Ionian Sea, fo that on the Eaft it hath whyjc was the country of 'Bary, with the river Lofanto , on the South the Apermine with the called Capita- Irpini and Sanniti-,on theWeft the Ferentani zniCarraccni,mih the river Frontone , and on the North the Adriatic or Ionian Sea. John Pontano in his fecond book of Hiftories handling many things, faith that in the time of thefirft Normans, and afterward the Greeks, this Province was called Catapaniata , becaufe thofe that were fent to rule here by the Emperors of Confiantincple, were called in the Greek p m tongue C atapini, and that afterward by corruption of the word, it was called the ^Mot,’tap' Province of Capitanata, and thofe that governed it C dpitant, The words of Pon¬ tano are thefe. Apulis pars ea, epucab Frentone fiumine, hodicFortorium eji , ab A sefidi ripas,fua nunc appcllationc eft Capitanata : g»l Normanorum print, ac QrZ- corum temperibut fHerat Catapaniata : qubd ejui ejm moderation effet ab Imperatorc. Conftantinopolitano prxpofitut, dicerctur Grttco nomine Catapanus: pix -vox contra ■ Hit, at'Jne immutatit liter is recentioribns , -verfa , eft in Capitanatam, tjuipte Catapa- nus fHerat in Capitinium. Qnxverii Calabritc pars olim fuit, in qudTarenttnfi, ^ P--trail- UrunduftHm, ac Salentinorum maritima eft ora, ea ab Hydrnnto oppido , ad tjitod eft , ab Macedonia fpirocjue , tjuatn brevijftma ad navigatio Hydruntina hodie terra di- citur. At tjtt i eft ab Jufido tralhtsad Calnbrix, hoc eft, tJjdriwrinx fines ter - I T A N A T A. 86 The Hi flow of the Barenfti* regio. Bj ft Heat at a. Why it was ca!/ed Japigia Mefapia. Daunia Apulia How Puglia came into the hands of the Komans Hannibal did much harm to PngliayStrab. Iib.o. The things which arc aioll plentiful in Capitannta Tlieuarure of die earth The number of the cities, countries, and tallies that are in the faid Piovjnces Theeircuirof ti»c hil C iarga- -:-n r„» t N mare vrit* Earolssm, Tranum, VigiU, Mdficla juvinar rtequo tntradafssnt ad m FJ ^ ^ gaf . Ht ca „„ [ ff[ m region* fmt "»*>’ Bartstrs, F ° r tf?Za' miorum qua ft or urn conftitatione ac Jaffa- P»ft cam Barenfts voettata e ft terra. rg .^fJcanU, hinc Apalia , iifdemill* tempori- montanaloca , ‘l u ^ u ‘ Qh ac a ener o tradstam dotu ConftantsaopoMaMoUm al, p i ^ f mi jf mov i ro Ji- rr © 2 K - •&*** ; bat as SirvU fad. upon this verfc of Virgil, Vidor Cjargani condebat Japjgiis a or*. , . , , . <5 . n , rt of Puolia wherein ftatlfieth the Hill Gargano, He faith that Tftpygia P , j t was a |f 0 called Mefapia of the which reacheth even to i oart thereof • although others fay that it was o,„. Ua«*» Kmc of thefe places, which came hither to inhabit a long time before the Wa of #° r Smj divided. Taglia, the one part from Tifirno to the city of Bary MDaafa,Z from thence Unto the Salenf.nl (which are the people of the ato.# w«. (hip tor (as Livy writetb) with the rebellion of the Sannites the Romans had alfo P p»U their enemy, wbofe Territory was laid wafte and fpo.led by them, and atfundry times after (as it appears in Ltvj) came into the power of the Ro^ mans All this region was from the beginning in great prosperity : but to ka and other Wars that fucceedcd him, deftroyed it and left it defolate the which Strabo confirms in his forth book, when writing thereof he prcit liore of wh«t barley, and other corn, and more plentiful! then any other part of Italy although many fields are referved for the pafture of fundry fiocks of fheep which are brought from Abru^o. The earth or foil although it be fan- dv and finhc and the grafs which grows thereon be fmall and lender, it is never tbelefs very fruitful 1 , and ftoreth Naples , Slavonia, lence &n&Tu(canc , wi h Dlentv of S. This region indureth much water , whereupon the Poet Horace L„Lr ''Italia is full of filk and in fomc places it wanteth trees: the air istem. perate , but m the hammer feafon it is fo much altered with heat: , that ji is not on¬ ly hurtful! to ftrangers , but even to the natural inhabitants of the count y. this region is very plentiful of every thing , both horfes and^ceUent (heep^the wool is lofter then that of Taranto, but not lo fine, the ho y commended , the vall.es which lie by the plains, makes it a very pleafan country whereby all the Province is much inhabited , fo that it hath in all ten ci , V2 towns and caftles; the cities are St. Angelo, Manfredcma , S iponto , Leftna , III aS Bovi o, Voltnrara, Tcrmole, Troia. This Province contained thTH.ll CW with the appurtenances thereof , which ftretch.ngont as it were an arm of tbe 4 yipf»»«»f towards the ^dW-sVjLSe. compaffeth u. « | loweft feent thereof, which ends in the plain 200 miles , where appears all the riches ot fa fa with plenty of water ; it is alfo very well garnifhed , and a fo rich y fur- nifhtd with trees , and philical herbs, for the which there repairs from far coun¬ tries infinite Herbalifis and Simplifis , whereupon re feems that nature hath indu¬ ed it with fo great perfeflion , to contend for ihe precedence and primacy with a Kingdom of jf diQo, PonUmlib.2. laurentio in- tiflo. 8p Kingdom of Jf AT? LE 8, ditto, multi* etiam adhibit is precibus Deism ejfe confsilendum : Gargano refpondijfe./taq ; abf iluto jejunio, refacra rite fatta, nottu dormiente Laurentio aftitijfe Michaelem An- gelorum principem admonentem his verbis. Mea operate .Deijuffu fattum Laurentti,qui taurum indicem ejfe voluerim baftlicx hujus,quam mihi ad inhabitandum cum bominl- bus in t err is paravi.Hxc mea eft bafilica, meum hoc facrarium apud mcrtales-futuro. E- nuntia hxc civibus,ut monente mejperte intelligant,ea in fgelmca, its in adytts abolitur * ejfe me mortalium peccata.qui ad cam confugerint. Quo accepto oraculo antiftes fomno exit us, ubiDco grati.is egijfet, re populo indicia, fummaciviumcumfrequentiavtne- rabundus, indittisfupplicationibus pontificis habitu amittus , afeenfo monte ad fpelun- cam proceditjacraq-, ibidem peratta re, 'non tamen ist ingredi antrum aufut ejfet quif- Cjitam mult is cum precibus decantettu. rite divinis iaudibus,Deo gratia* egit — nomenq; Michaelis per omnes laudes cclebratum. Ritique rebus his perattis Sipontum redid, shonttatl. magna civium Ixtitia,ingentiq; vrbis univerfx gaudio. Nec vero mult is poft diebus. Neapolitanorum exercitus, quorum opes profligates Beneventanorum rebus abunde turn pollentes erant: Sipontum obfedit. Igiturfolicito de populo [uo antiftiti, poft indittum dierum trium jejunium, quo triduo fuerant etiam indutix ab hofte impetratx,aftitit rur- fusdormienti Michael, admones, & pie, 0 - rite fattum, quod per jejunium, ac preces d Deo auxilium implorajfct: Michaelem fe Angelorum principem jujfu Dei ilia dicere, imperareque uti infequenti die de quart a hora, popu/us -univerfus arm a caperet, in ho- ftcmque repente irrueret ,feipfum armatum in acie civibus affuturum- Hxc igitur populo tuo experrettus dijfere,ac bono animo ejfe jube. Hora igitur ditta, armatus atque ad pugnam inftruttus civ is hoftemnegligentius agent em improvifns invaditfundit, fu- gat validis adeo repente exortis procelUs,fumrmqm e menus jugo prorumpentibusterri- fico impetufulminibus, uti maxime fcedatempeflatis vi, acfulgurum fejeenti ex hofte examinati referantur. Fugatis igitur, ac exftbus hoflibus, facris Deo optimo maxima; ac Micliaeli rite fattis, cum antiftes decrevijfet [peluncam ipfam (uti mans eft : Chri- ftianique ritus) dedicate Gelafium Pentificem Maximum,pcr id ttmpus Soratte agen- tem de ea dedications confuluijfet: Aftitit illi tertio inquiens, mihi egomet nulla adhibita hominum aut arte, aut opera vacuum feci hoc faxum,mih,i egomet defertum humano cul- tu montem dextra hac fubaperui, mea ego in lapide hoc veftigia inflxi, mihi ipfemet xdem banc ftatui,facr. and fome 6. andfome 3. and feme rycatlinsfor a hundred, and others 12 crowns for a thoufand. But of greater cartel fome pay 37 duckets and a half fora hundred , and others a 2 and a half, and fome 18 duckets and three quarters the hundred ; whereupon the faid receiver fatisfieth to the Matters of the herbage, according to the quality and goodnefs of the pafture, as it falleth out. As in the year 1592. there was allowed to the faid cuftom four millions four hundred feventy one thoufand and four hundrey ninty fix fheep; and of greater cattel nine thoufand and fix hundred. Of which fheep and cattel in general is paid unto the Kings receit fix hundred and two and twenty thoufand and a hundred feventy three duckets and feven carlins, of the which fum isab- ftra&ed 380492 duckets for thepayment of the herbage to divers particular per- fons, with the alms beftowed upon the poor, and other charges , yielding to the Kings Exchequer 241264. the which fum of money was carried into the Kings general Treafury. This kind of payment of cuftom hath been very ancient, for the like was paid in the time of the Romans, as it appears by Warro, and other ancient Writers. But this Kingdom being invaded by divers Nations, the cuftom decayed through the extremity of long wars, untill the time of the worthy and renowned Alfon- ftu of Aragon, firft of chis name, King of I^aplet who newly reftored it in an excellent order, and conffituted Francifco Malubre, Commiffary for the refor¬ mation thereof, and was the firft receiver, to whom he allowed for his pains 760 duckets with the pafture of a thoufand fheep, as Marino Trcx.z,a in his fccond book defub.feu. the which the excellent Lawyer Carlo Tapia Neapolitan, relatcth with great learning and eloquence, in the firft book of his Commentaries in the Rubfick and final I.aw, F.de conflitutionibut Principium nittif. .9^. This worthy man In ech with much admiration for his vertue and honourable qualities, and at N 2 ’ (fri/ 9' St.John Ri- tohjo. Cagnant. Carpino. Sr.Fito. Arignano. Sc.SidanJro. Foggia. Argirippa. The cuftom of the fheep. The number of the cactel that were cu. ftomed in the year 1592. The cultom of the revenue of the fheep made in the the year 1592. The payment for fheep hath bin very ancient in the Kingdom. AlfonfU* of A- ragon , King of N if let reltor’d to the cuftonf of fheep. oz The Hiftory of the Pooh D ham, lib-5- this prefent with general applaufe exercifeth the office of the criminal Judge Luceria cfthe of the great Court of the Vicar in. the Pagans. Departing from Foggia 12 miles, appears upon a little hill, fituated in a Plain, the fair City of Luceria, in the which city in the time of Strabo, was the {lately Temple of Minerva, where were many and rich gifts , the which city was the ancient feat of the Daunii, and was alfo built by Diomedes. It is true, that it was deltroyed in the time of Strabo-, whoferuineseven at this prefent declare how great it was, and what power and authority it had; it was afterward repaired with the fragments of the old ruinated buildings, and fo continued even to the time olCor.fiantius the fonof Conftantine the third Emperor ®f (fonftantinople, who deftroyed and fpoiled it in the time of Vitaliano Bifhopof Rome, as Paolo Diacono writeth in his fifth book, and Biondo in his ninth book of Hiftories. Where having (lain all the Citizens, fackt it, and afterward burnt it; yet within a little time following it was reedified , but nothing fo fair and magnificent as at the firfb The which city being given by the Emperor Frederick the fecond , to the Sara- cins, was fo ftrongly fortified that it became very powerfull, commanding and do¬ mineering over all the bordering places; neither was any man able to expel them Churls the 2 untill the year 1271. (fharls the fecond King of Naples after many conflicts con- Kmg of N Spies founded them , and inforced them to ferfake their hold. The Territory of the drove the Sa- faid city is very plentifull, and yieldeth all forts of viduals. To the which city tucerUMi tW ' ce in the year do affemble almoft a11 the Merchants of Italy , Qrecia, Sicilia, from ail ihe and slavo ” ilt -, and from other countries to traffick and fell their wares ; and this Kingdom. City is the head of the whole Province, for there refides the Kings Audit with his Tile body Of Vice-roy. In the Church of St. Dominicbo,which is therein,heth the body of St. Latf 7 '" £,n Au ^ ine the Hungarian, of the Order of Preachers, fometime Bifhop of the City, where he is highly reverenced by the people, and was canonized by the ho¬ ly Church, naming him St. Anguftine, by confent and agreement of the Apofto- lick Colledg ; God {hewing to his creatures (as they they fay ) how acceptable the merit of this man was unto him, in the bellowing upon them infinite favours by the means of his Sepulchre. From Luceria eight miles upon a fmall hill is the noble and rich ci- ty of Troia, which hath a fertile and plentifull foil ; under the North fide of this runnct hthc river Chilone, which flows from the A per. nine , this city was bunded by Bubagano Catapano of Cjreece, and not a Captain of the Greeks as Frier Leandro affirmeth. Of the original thereof Leo Bifliop of Ofiia maketh mention, after whom CartoSigonio a diligent writer of Hifiories in our time following, accounteth the building thereof about the year 1016. Some hold 0- pimon that it was the ancient Efana, which was beaten down by theEmperor Con- Jlanttne. There are in the faid city thefe noble Families, ‘De CUritiis delVafto Lombardo, Palonibo, de Tucciis, Cjioiofo, de Rubeis, Sangro, Saliceto, Silvei, Saif one', Tancredo, and others. Herewas held a Councel in the year 1092. by Pop eV The Couicd ban the fecond for to reform certain cuftoms of the Clergy, as Biondo and Platina The bodies of dec ' are /. n th ‘^ , of , thefa,d Blfl >°P- 'he principal Church that is therein , lies Saints in 2ro/a. ttie rJOdtes of Ehutbcrio Martyr , St. Pontiano Bifhop, St. Secondino andofSt- Anajtafio. 1 Walking along by the fields, we may fee the caftle Carignola, where the French men were overcome the Duke of Nemors their Captain General and Vice-roy of Naples-, for Lewis the twelfth King of France and Naples being {lain , by Confal- vo errando of Cordova Captain of Ferdinando the Catholick King of Spain having in h,s company theval.ant Captains, Fabritio and Profcero'Co/enne/i Ro¬ mans in the year 1503. as we have written at large in the lives of the Kings of Going a little farther in the defeent of the Apennine, appeareth Orfara , and af¬ terward the city'Of Bov,no , the Lord whereof hath the title of a Duke. Four AM. rti C ni ' M V'a-™ 0 ! ^ ^ ^ ‘ S Ctle anient C Uy ®f Afcolo, Afak d, Sotrt- nnobled with the dignity of a Prince. And this city is firnamed by Writers A fee. lo Satrsano , as a difference from that of Abru^o. This city was ruinated bv Ruggsero the Norman , having underftood they purpofed to rebel againft him, his By whom Troia was built. 9 ) Kingdom of Df P L E S. his father being then in Dalmatia, tie which was afterward repaired again by his father, but not with that greatnels. Walking then towards the Sea , wecomero the fumptuous and (lately Church dedicated to St. Leonard by the Emperor Fre¬ derick. thefecond , where is a worthy Monaftery afligned to the Dutch Knights of the Order of St. Mary of Vrufia, allowing them great revenues, who go¬ verned the faid holy Temple a long time with gteat religion and devotion. In the end they decaying, the faid Monaftery was given in commendum , whereby at this prefent it is very ill governed. This worthy Church is in great reverence not on¬ ly with the people near inhabiting, but alfo among all the Italians; and there we to be feen great heaps of iron pieces of fundry fafhions, as chains, (hackles, collers, and others of like fort to hold prifoners, and to inchain men, the which were all (as they fay) miraculoufly delivered, and the perfons fet at liberty through the prayers and interceflions of that worthy St. Leonard , both from pri- fonsand the Gallies, in the Church refleth his faid body. Dire&ly againft this Province are fituate the Kies of Trinity, which was in old time called Diomedes, which had that name for the Fable which the Greeks feigned upon the compani¬ ons of Diomedes transformed into fowles, being of the bignefs of the Magot-a-py, feemingalfo in their tune to imitate a humane voice , but not fo pleating , accor¬ ding to the fixionsof the Poets in the ancient time of the forein Greeks, the which declared with their finging and flying, the content of their arival, being fhunned and defpifed of all others, bewraying by the clapping of their wings, and their pittifull ferieking, the contempt of their company ; but now in truth they are much available, and do great good by their fatnefs, to thofe which are be- nummed, or fwoln in any member with any cold humour. There is in this Ifle a Fortrefs, and a very fair Monaftery of Canonical regular Priefts. The women of this Province are all in general very fair , the men great and well pro.- portioned , but inclining to a brown complexion , which proceeds of the great heat. Their proper language is all after one manner, but fomewhat rude and im- polifhed. They have very (Irong arms, wherefore they often exercife wreftling, and the managing of weapons. They are not very neat and curious in their appa, rel, but very ingenious and fharp witted , they follow not theaffairsof the Sea, for'almoft all employ themfelves in the profit of the fields. They inhabit in Ca¬ ttles and Cities , and in thetimeof tillage, and the gathering in of their fruits they go to the fields with carriages of bread and wine, and other necelfary things for fo many daies, and with their oxen they remain day and night untill they have tilled and fowed, or gathered in their grain, barley, and other corn ; that being done, they fire theftraw, and returning with the reft home to their dwellings, where they continue till time requires again to manure and fow their ground. They are all rich and very courteous and carefull to keep their word, and in bar¬ gaining very free The Arms of this Province is azure on a mount of Ceres fixed on bafs St. Michael or. the which arms fignifie the apparition of the Angel Saint jlLichael upon the Mount Qargano, and the ears of corn the great plenty of the Province. » The Church ofSr.Lfo/iijrd given to the Knights of Sc- M arf of Yrhfu TheTflcs of Diomefles,now called JrinUj. The quality 8c condition of the people. The Arms of chi* Province. Kingdom of « 7 \£ AT LES. ADES CRIPTION OF THE Kingdom of Naples The fee and Bool^- E having finifhed the firft book of the defeription of the Pro¬ vinces of this Kingdom, it were requifite to fpeak more particularly as we have promifed ; to the end the reader may be the better fatisfied of fo much as he defires to know thereof* The Kingdom then of Napier ("as hath been faid) is di¬ vided into 12 Provinces, the which contains 2700 po¬ pularities, of which there are 20 Archbifhops, and 127 Bi. fliops, and 1464 Countries; in which places live at lead two millions of people; for in the Province of the Country of Lavoro was tax¬ ed in the Kings Schedule by Families 5815 a The Principality on this fide by Families 47562 The Principality on the other fi ve - re.mainrch to. declare the extraordinary payments which every Family paiech year- Extraordinary ly into the Kings Exchequer. pjyracnts.on Firft of ill every Family payeth four grains, the which payment is received e- whom,and very month. This Impofition was made by DonTietro of Toledo Viceroy of the when icisim- Kingdom tbe-fecond of Aday 1541. the which firft impofed three grains upon the impofiti- Spanifli Footmen to pay, and appointed the faid payment co be received every onof /grains fourth month, .as it appears By a Letter of the faid Don Fietro, inferred in the made by Dei i j Letters of the Kings Chamber , under the date of the 12.of Aday 1542.- In the year after 15 4$. in the month of September, the faid Impofition was increafed to four grains, as it is expreffed in a Letter of the faid Viceroy inclofed inaCommif- fion of theKrogs Chamber, dated the third of September 1544. Ac the laft in the year 13 66. Doit Terafenno de Rivera Duke of Alcala ordained that the faid Impofition fhould be received of all the Families of the Kingdom according to the former Order, the which even at this prefent is received. The Impofition levied on the free Companies, the which pay no other Impo- ficions then above written, contairieth yearly for the number of ordinary Families 2152x6 duckets fix carlins, and fix grains; andfor extraordinary Families 1019 duckets and 8 Carlins, thewhichfum joyned together are 216236 duckets 4 car¬ lins 6 grains. There is alfo anlmpofitibn paid for the wages of the Barigelli of the fields, which are thofe thac guard and keep the high-wayes , and goe againft Ouc- laws. This Impofitiori was made by Don Fietro of Tolledolht third of Auguft in the year 1550. only in the Provinces of the Principality on thisfideand the other, and the County of Adolife , Capatanata , and Bafilicuta, to avoid the robberies which were daily committed , for which caufe were appointed the Univerfities to pay ail thofe Ioffes which were there committed, It was afterward ordained that the faid Impofition ffiould be gathered of all the Provinces except the Land Of L.ivcro ; bat for thefervice which the faid Barncdii did in that Province, they ftibula TOl The Htjlory of the The fum of the impofition for the Cattles The fum of the impofition for repairing the highways. The furti of the payment for the foldi trs and men oi arms. fhould be payed out of the Kings Exchequer. The faid Impofition was received of every Province diverfly, the which we have declared in their places. Thislm- pofition rifeth to 18 J 06 duckets, feven carlins and two grains yearly. There is another Impofition which is paid for the guard and defence of the Towers and Caftles, the which Impofition was inftituted by Don Derafannode Ri¬ vera Duke of Afcala, to the end the Kingdom might be fecure from Rovers, by the which impofition all the whole Kingdom payed for every Family feven grains, and the twelfth part of a grain. But the Countries which were diftant twelve miles from the Sea payed the half of the faid payment , the which amounted to 25348 duckets yearly. There was likewife gathered of the llniverfities the payment for the building of the Caftles, when they were builded, and there was received according to the pay' ment which they paid for the guard of the faid Caftles, And becaufe at this pre- fent there are not any Caftles builded in the Kingdom, therefore that payment is no longer continued.- There was alfo gathered another Impofition of three grains of every Family of the Kingdom for the repairing of the ftreets and high-waies of the Kingdom. This Impofition was inftituted by the Duke of oAlcala the 20 of Julj 1539. as it ap¬ pears by a Letter inferted in a Commiffion of the Kings Chamber of the Summa- ria, dated the firft of July, regiftred in the Royal Rcgiftec, Littirarum Curia xxi. fol. 93. the which payment containeth 41640 duckets yearly.- The Families alfo of the Kingdom payed 17 grains for to pay the fouldiers and men of arms which guarded and defended the Kingdom, this payment in the year 1555. was received 45 grains for a Family , in the year after 1559. the King¬ dom being augmented by the means of Don John Manricyuez. Viceroy of the Kingdom,the faid payment was dedu&ed to 36 grains.And laft of all becaufe the number of Families were very much increafed, it was broughtto 17 grains a Fa¬ mily, the which payment amounteth yearly, excepting the free Univerfities 74900 duckets two carlins and eight grains. Finally the Univeffities and Families of the Kingdom pay two grains through the decay of 5804 Families. Thefe are extraordinary payments, which the Fa¬ milies of the Kingdom pay into the Exchequer. Alfo the Kings Exchequer receives from the faid Kingdom other Revenues and Rents, which confift in divers things, which are thefe following, Thecuftomof the ftieep of Apulia, which is one of the principal Revenues which the King bath in the Kingdom, the which confifteth in the herbage, which the Kings cuftomer renteth every year to the husbandmen for the pafture of ftieep, and greater cattel, whereof fomc pay thirteen duckets and eight carlins for a hun¬ dred ftieep, and fome twelve, and fome ten and a half, and fome fix, and fome three, and fome fifteen carlins for a hundred, and fome twelve crowns fora thou- fand • but for greater cattel there are fome which pay thirty feven duckets and a half for a hundred, and others twenty two and a half,and others eighteen duckets and three quarters; Therefore the receiver fdtisfiethto the Matters of the her¬ bage according to the goodnefs and qualitie of the pafture: As in the year 1592/ there was afligned to the faid cuftom four millions, four hundred feventy one thoufand, 496 ftieep, and of gteatef cattel nine thoufand fix hundred, of which ftieep and greater cattel is paid into the Kings Exchequer 622172 duck¬ ets and feven carlins, from the which fum is dedufted 380492 duckets and fiva carlins and two grains, for the payment of the herbage given to divers particular perfons, with the alms bellowed upon the poor, and other charges , returning olPugiiivcry into the Kings Exchequer 241264 duckets, four carlins, and five grains and three ancient. quarters, the which (um is carried into the Kings Treafury. This cuftomaty pay¬ ment hath been very ancient, for in the time of the Romans the like was payed, as it appears in Varro, and other ancient Writers. And as we have before faid , the Kingdom being invaded by divers Nations, the cuftom decayed through the long Twly wars, untill the coming of the worthy and renowned A If onfus of tArragon, firft inftituted by of this name. King of Naples, the which newly reftored it, in the year 1447. with King excellent orders, and made France fa Malttfar Commiflary for reformation there¬ of. The cuftom oi fhc ftieep of Apntia, The cuftom Kingdom of AT LES, 10 } of. In the year 1501. Lewis the twelfth King of Trance, having devided the King¬ dom with King Ferdinando the Catholick King, and A puglia and Calauria being alotted to King den Ferdinando , he created Frederick^ Menidois Neopolilan cull ti¬ mer of the fheep, who received by means of the rents of the herbage 83:8c duck¬ ets. The French King perceiving fo great a revenue, challenged the cuftom, fay: ing it belonged unto him, through which dilcord after long wars, the Frenchmen were driven out of all the Kingdom; Leaving as an example for others, that who fceks all, commonly lofeth 111. The fecond revenue is the cuftom of Silks, which is one of the beft revenues in the Kingdom , and this is in the Province of Qalanria , for ail the fiik which was there made, and in other places, they anciently paid five grains in the pound. This cuftom was in the year 148 3. by King Ferdinando the firft, fold to tire Prince of The cuflom B'tfignano for eighteen thoufand duckets. In the year after 1J41. Don Tietr.o of of /ilk ibid ro Toledo Viceroy of the Kingdom, impofed five tornefe more upon the pound, and the Prince of affigned it to the faid Prince , becaufe of the right which he pretended unto the County of Milite. This revenue now yields feventy thouiand crowns yearly. In the fame year the faid Lon Tietro in the name of the Emperor Charls the fifth impofed five other grains more npon a pound of filk , and this he did becaufe of the fortifying of the Caftle of fitrone. In the year 15 5 5. DonTerardinoO? Men- doecz.it , being Viceroy of the Kingdom, ordained thacof all the other Provinces flrould be gathered one carlin for a pound of filk, and appointed that that impofi- tion lhould be paid in the time that the filk grows. Afterward T)on Francefco Tacecco, Cardinal Sugmuno, Viceroy of the kingdom, impofed in the year 1557.- upon all the filk which went out of the kingdom another carlin in the pound. Laft of all in the year 1 580. Don John Zunica, Prince of Pietra Portia , purpofing to take away the deceits which by means of the faid extra&ions were committed, with the will and confent of the kings collateral Councel, ordained that even as in the Province of Calauria was received fifteen grains on the pound at fundry times, he would have the fame at one entire payment, that is, to be paid in the time that the filk grows; and alfo he would that in the othec Provinces ftiould be received two carlins on the pound. By the which order the faid revenue was much The fum of augmented. To the which Impofition is alfo annexed Saffron, of which is paid the impoTiricn one carlin the pound.- The receit of this revenue arifeth yearly to the fummeof upon filk and 148003 duckecs. The third revenue is the cuftom and profit of Iron, the which Impofition was ordained by the Emperor Frederic ^ the fecond , who made it unlawfull for any The cuftom man to bring iron into the kingdom to fell, except to the kings Paymafters or Tenants, and the price was rated throughout all. the Provinces. The which cu- in (i itut ed. ftom although at fundry times it was diverfly received , neverthelefs at this prelent ■ for the moft part, the third part thereof is paid, which is the half of the price, which is paid for the iron brought into the kingdom to the paymafters. There¬ fore the faid price is impofed by the kings Chamber of the Summaria, over which before the pricewaseftabliftied.itcaufedto be taken in Naples a diligent information of that it ftood the Rcncmafter in. And fo goes the fourth pa rt of fteel and the fifth of pitch, the which revenue amounteth to the fum of 6 i 83<5 duckets: And according to the fame rent go the cuftom of the mcrcerie wares of Calanria . The fourth revenue is the regal cuftom, and the greateft ftorehoufeof theCi- The grear cu. ty of Naples, becaufe there is received 18 grains by ounce of all the merchan¬ dize which are fold by the Merchants, by reafon of the cuftom there are received alfo divers other payments, that is to fay 15 grains by the ounce by reafon of the ftorehoufe; the which cuftom amounteth to 115025 duckets. The fifth Revenue are the Royal Cuftoms of the Merchandize of the Provin¬ ces of the Countries of Bafilicata, and Caput amt a, thewhichre- Venue arifeth to 97300 duckets. .. The fixth Revenue is the Regal cuftom of the thirds of Wine , which is half jnricic the price of the Wine which is paid to the king, being called the Cuftom of the cu f t0 ,*; thirds of Wine, as a difference from another which is paid to the City of Nj- of #,ne. p les ft pm of Naples and the reve- 11 ue thereof. The fum of the fifth reve¬ nue. The revenue ,c 4 - The Hijlory of the Of Oyl and 5 ope. t>l e s. The revenue of this Royal Cuftome amountetb to 970013 duckets.* The feventh Revenue is the new Impoft of Oyl and Sope, which is paid at the rate of one carlin for every Rear, which is the meafure of oyl in Naples fo cal¬ led, the which revenue containeth 10400 duckets. f fheeighth Revenue is the new Impoft of Wine which is tranfported out of the veyTdomot* Kingdom, the whichRevenue arifetlup ,104000 duckets. the kingdom. The ninth Revegue is the cuftom ot playing Cards, .this new Cuftom was Im- The eultora of p 0 fed in the year 1578. and for every pair of Cards the cuftomef received a car- Clrds - lin, which yielded 15310 duckets. The tenth Revenue is the Cuftom of the Marketplace of Mature , called otherwife the place of Small-Wares, the Revenue whereof arifeth to 9390 duckets. The eleventh Revenue is the Cuftom of Eggs, Kidds, and Birds, which are brought into the City of Njples , which arifeth to 2300 duckets* Thetwelfth Revenue is the Impoft of artificial or inforced Manny which is payd at the rate of one carlin the pound , which contains 700 duckets. The thirteenth Revenue are the two Races of Horfes which the Kings Court maintains in Puglia and CalaurU , which is received by the fale which is made of the faid horfes, and other things, 5670 duckets. The fourteenth Revenue are the profits, forfeitures, and compofitions which proceed from the Kings Chamber, and from the greatCourt of the Vicaria, and from the kings Audit of the Provinces of the kingdom, which y early amount to the fum of 34000 dupkets. The fifteenth Revenue is the Cuftom of Horfes which are bought of ftran- gers in Naples, which importeth 500duckets. The fixteenth Revenue is the due of Jus falmarum for the conveying of Grain, Barley, and Pulfe, which is tranfported into the kingdom, the which Revenue a- rifeth to 4000 duckets. The feventeenth Revenue are the Cuftoms which are commonly.called the fines of the Annunciata , which confift in a certain duty , and is received at the four Gates of the City of Naples. And in the Market-place of the faid City is received the kings due for the flaughterpf Cattel.And thisRevenue of the Fines of the^a-, nunciata ,was fo named becaufe the king Don Frederickpf tsirragon, having taken up a certain quantity of money at Intereft of Merchants, he agreed with them that they (hould be paid out of thofe duties, therefore he appointed that they fliould alwaies be paid by the Mailers and Governors of the Hofpital of the An- trsneiata, to the end every one might be fatisfied his due. The which even to this prefentwith great diligence is received by the faid Governors, paying it to the faid Creditors, and the overplus of the faid Revenue they return into the kings . general Treafury. This Revenue arifeth yearly to 247001 duckets, which dif-' chargeth the faid debt, the which doth amount yearly to 2247 duckets, three earlinsand three grains, lo there remain to the king no mote then 2339 duckets.' The eighteenth Revenue are the helps and aids of Tufcatt , which do amounc to 13000 duckets. • Theninteenth are the Revenues of the City of Vefii , of St. Severino , and of of the Fee of Tacina , and many others, tl e which fum imports 24577 duckets. The twentieth Revenue is the new Impofition upon Brimftone which is digged in the kingdom, and is paid at the rate of three carlins for a kintal, the which commodity is now omitted. The2i revenue is the new Impofitionof Hemp, which is paid at the rate of 15 carlins for the kintal, the which commodity is alfo omitted. The twentitwo revenue is a new impofition upon the Infidels , which are ran- fomed and are received in this fore, from two hundred crowns downward is paied eight duckets by the poule , from two hundred to five hundred is paid ten crowns by the poule, from five hundred to a thonfand is paid fifteen crowns by the poule, and when the ranfom is of fome quantity , the more is paid in refpedt of the faid taxation. The twentithird Revenue is the cuftom of the extraction of Salnitro, which is received Of eggs,birds, and kidds. Of Manna. Of the race of Horfes. Of forfeitures ta the King Of horfes that are bought. Of the con¬ vening of corn. The revenue of tines, why it was fo cal- . ltd. The aids of Tufcan. The revenue of the City ( Viefti and o. thers. A new impo¬ fition upon Brimftone. The new irn- pefuion on hemp. A]new impoft, tion on the infidels. The due of Sa:.. :ro. Kingdom of « 5 \£ A. ( P Lb S, received at the rate of a crownfor a kintail, the which commodity is omitted. Twentifourth Revenne is the induftry and labour of Salt, and Salt-Pits of the Kingdom • and although at this prefent there is not any commodity thereby, ne- verthelefs the King hath a Rent, and according to the charge of the faid Rent, they are contained to fetch faltfout-of the Kingdom/to maintain'their Store- houfes furnifhed , and for the proVifioh ofdOtficers and other occafions, the Kings Court payeth to the Renc-Mttftcrs by the.yesf f 17700 duckets, and recei¬ ved) no profit or benefit by the (ale, but they'ate'Bound to deliver to the Univerfi- tiesof the Kingdom bay fait at the rate of a uufhel for every Family by the year, and when they give white faltt they are bound to give the more according to the rate that the bay fait is valued; And fo they are enjoyned to give to all the Offi¬ cers and fervants of the KingsCbamber, falt.anfwerable to the rate of the charges which they are above enjoyned. Thetwentififth Revenue afte the duties for the cuftom of Grain, Barley, and Pulfe, going out of the King 4 om , the which is laid up for the ftore of the King¬ dom, but being brought out, there is great abundance. The twentifisth Revenue is'the devolution for the dead , and the end of the lines of Barons of the Kingdom, and of Offices t(jat are void by the dead) of them that held them ; but becadfethefe things are extraordinary, there is no par¬ ticular account kept of the Revenue thereof^ The twentifeventb Revenue are the Liveries of heirs, profits of penal amercea- ments, forfeitures of Scatutes, Jncroachments, and other extraordinary Revenues which falls to the King, through many and fundry caufes ; which being no cer¬ tain nor conftant revenues, I make no diftindhon of them.. But as it is judged by film Ifaptifia d' Jjtiro, Ccfitrd d’ Ac.’.Mpcrj , and Alfc'nfa Crivetla, the moll dili¬ gent and reafonable Arbitrators of the Kings Chamber, fay the revenue is worth 150000 duckets. . ... Moreover the King hath in this Kingdom j4,Cathedral Churches, the which held more then fifty thoufand crowns yearly. * • He hath alfo profit from many Abbots, which are the ancient patrons of the Kingdom, the which yield ten thouland crows yearly. The fum of the Revenue which the King hath in all the Kingdom (except the donatives) is two millions, nine hundred ninty fix thoufand , nine hundred thir t y feven duckets, feven tarlins and four grains 299^937. 1 hus have 1 briefly difcourfed,only to note the greatnefs of his noble Kingdom the which is not to be wondred , that at fundry times there have repaired fo many forts of barbarous Nations from farr , and even remote parts of the world (as is well known) to make fpoil thereof. But now through the providence of God, it remaineth in much peace , and fecure under the proteftion of the puiffant King fhiltpu, the people having never enjoyed fo peaceable a times, withthegreac benefit and abundance of all things, « : V- ■ ■ ■ ■ ' • • ' ’ H -; :i " • ■ : 1CJ The indnflry and labour of Salt. The duties of the commodi¬ ties cf grain and others. The end of the lines of Barons, and the Kings Offices iliac are void. The revenue of Liveries of heirs and for- feituresando- thers. The Cathe- . dral Churches of the King¬ dom. The /fbbats of the Kingdom! P The The Hijlory of the 10 6 iThe Donatives which have been made at fundry times by the Noble City of N AP LES and the KINGDOM to their KlNGSv Mong other Priviledges which the faithfuil City of Naples and the Kingdom holdctb , one is, that the King cannot for any occafion demand a Donative or alfiftancc ; never- thelefs it hath been known that in times of calamity and the great neceffitie of their Kings, they have been fuccou- red and aflifted with all their ftrength, their money, and their men. Therefore for thefe worthy deeds they’ have ...- deferved to be called no Vartkls, but faithfuil friends. I now purpoling to difcourfe of the Donatives which have been made unto the Kings, beginning from the year 1507. and having a defire for no other caufe there to begin, but becaufe from thence I have had a true information of wri- tmgs, being alwaies a more laudible thing to declare few things and true then many andambiguous. ’ ±^ 7 *K ar A hen . I5 ° 7 ; t f ,e laf |? f ‘ he month of was held a general Pay¬ ment by the Deputies of the noble City of Naples, in the Monartery of Mount Oli¬ vet, where met f according to the cuftom) the Princes, Dukes, Marquifles, Earls tXEl FeU fp V nd Bure ' res of , the CitieS * and free Town$ mV Kingdom, in nf f Par am Ar l *** t0 J nc ' uded > that » ^e Catholick King Ferdinando, "'5 ? i° r M e l War5 ’ and the P refent affairs . a "d to maintain the King-’ whTch S •JT da ( don , atlVeof threehun levied b y ^ rate o- the Adogo, and that the fa.d fum fhould be all paid by Autuft . 508 and the -em.-nder the people of the whole Kingdom fhould pay, as Well landed men, as the 107 Kingdom of of a million and two hundred thoufand duckets: In the year 1589. was given, according to the ufual cuftom, a donative to the King of a million and two hundred thoufand duckets. In the year 1591. was given by the Barons and people of the Kingdom, ado- native to the King of a million and two hundred thoufand duckets.- In the year 1593.- was given, according to the accuftomed manner, a donative to the King of a million and two hundred thoufand duckets.- In the year 139;. was given a donative cp the King of a million and two hun-' dred thoufand duckets.- «*: ■ 1 t Kingdom of iA ( P LE S, Id ' MiMMlIlMi ADefcriptionof the Rivers, Lakes, Eountains, Baies, Mines, Hils, and Woods, which are in this Kingdom. A I He River Acida run- neth near Niceco , ' now called Donato. The River Amafeno runneth near Abba- ~ dig. The River Ahbro runneth near Sapi- n° The River Albula , ctherWife called Matrino, runneth near Mufignano. The River Aterno, now called Pefcara, runneth near to' ivita di Chieti The R ver Avinio runneth near Fratte The River Aventino runneth near the Fort of Rafino The River Alandra runneth near Sala The River Acbcronte,»«W called Cairn pagnano, runneth near Caftello Franco, called in old time Pandofia, where was flain ( as he was foretold hy the Oracle) Alexander King of Moloflus , whilfi he undemanding not the deceits of the devil, remained fecure, having tfeapedanotber River of the fame name in his own Country of Epire. •The River Ancicula runneth near rran- The River Alaro, called in old time Sa¬ cra, runneth near Roccella The River Mmo called alfo /Efano, runneth near Si. Severina, and the City of Cotrone The River Alex runneth near the City of Alefio . The River Areus runneth near Colen- The River Arentho runneth near Co- fenza . The River AbucetO hath his original from the Hitt Abuceto, which win the Ijle o/Ifchia The River Angitula runneth near An- gitula The River Agatha runneth near Regio The River Aterno, now called Pefcara, runneth near Pefcara The River Alba runneth near Mann- pello The River Afinella runneth near Ml- fto The River Agera, is in Calauria, and runneth into Faro of Meflina The River Alote in Calauria The River Aufido hath his original from the Hits Hirpini, and runneth , by Canofa, and after into the Adri- atick Sea>by/omeit iscalledCatme, in refpell of a City of the fame name, net far off, Which is very famous for the great vitlory of Hannibal, by the overthrow which he gave to the Roman Army , by which viSorf Hannibal had from the hands of the Roman Knights thru bujhels of Rings of gold 5 the faid River is now called Lofanto The River Anfure, noW called Ufente, runneth near the City of Terracina, called in old time Anfure The River Acri runneth near Sapona- ra The River Arnone runneth near Ca- ftelluccia B T He River Batliino , called in old time Tordino , and Juvatino is near Montepagano The River Bafento runneth near Co- fenza. Which River Is very famous for the Sepulchre of Alaricus the goth , with certain treafurethat u there hid, and the flight of the Smpe- TOT The HiJtorj of the IIZ rtr Otho , -which was overthrown by Bafilius the Cjreeh,, The River Bato runneth near Scales. The River Bradano runneth through Bafilicata "ITHe River Calore runneth near Be- nevento, and rifeihtn the Motfn- tains of-Crepacore The River Cervano runneth into the Haven o/Taranto , called the little Sea The River Coraco runneth near Roc, cella The River Croccia runneth near Sima- The River Crate runneth near Cofen- za , the water Whereof maketh hair yellow, andWoll White The River CimWo runneth near Ca- tanzaro The River Cacino runneth near Semi- nara The River Cardono runneth through the territory o/Cofcnza, and is full of golden fand 'The River Cato Caftro runneth near Mantea The River Cochile , called in old time : Sibari, whereupon Siceleo in the year of the world 2409 faith, the anci¬ ent City Siban was builded, the which increafed through the amenity of the Country in fuch greatnefs, that it could arm fometimes three hundred rhoufand men j this River runneth near Caffano The River Coloneta runneth near Rofiano The River Caiabric eentreth into the River Sibare, and runneth near Fa- giano The River Clanio, called alfo Glanio, runneth near Cerra The River Canne runneth three miles diftant from the City of Venola, and entreth into the River Lofanto, near the which Rive Was in old time the beautifull City Canne, called of the Latines Canulium, the which place u fo famous ( both by Poets and Hiftorians fo much na¬ med) for the great ovcrthroWwhich Hannibal gave to the Romans, tho¬ rough the temerity and prefumption f of Terenttus Varro , as Livy appa¬ rent f declares in his 21 book,, and Sillio Italico in bit 9 book,, Plu¬ tarch in the life of Hannibal, and of Scipio, With mam other Writers, in the which overthrow Was fain the Conful, P. Emilio, I.. Alcilio.L. FurioBicacculo, Treafurers of the Wars, 21 military Tribunes , and many Teeters, Councellers, and E- diles , whereof were Gn* Servilio , and Gii. Minutio Numantio , the Which had been the year before Ma- Jlerof theCavaliery, and 80 Sena¬ tors. There Was fain in this great overthrow 40000 footmen , and 2700 of the Roman (favalry, and as many of their friends and confede¬ rates and many prifoners taken. PtO- — lomens otherWife nameth this place Canufium , and Martial making mention of Canne, thus faith, Hcec tibi turbato Canufina fimillima- mulib Munus erit gaude, non fiet cito anas.- The River ClantO runneth near Lori- ano The River Cofano runneth near Affe- rolo The River Cafinio now called Sangui,' no, runneth near Venafro The River Calcs runneth near the an¬ cient City of Cales, now called 'Cal. vi The River Cerbalo runneth near Civi. tella in Puglia The River Calabrice runneth near Fa- gliano, and entreth into the River Sibare D T He River Diama paffeth Ccrella near to E T he River Efaro runneth near the (fity of Cotrone The River Eterno pajjeth near Tea- no The River Evoli paffeth near Evoli F T He River Fiianiceilo runneth near the City c/Termole The River Flumicalo runneth near Civitella The River Fiterno, noW called Saiino, paffeth near the City of Saiino The River Freddo paffeth near the Ci¬ ty of Freddo The River Frento , otherwife called Fortore, runneth near Larino, d ruinated Kingdom of AT L ES. »3 ruinated City The River Furore paffetn near Vieteri The River Fanes, called, alfo runneth near the City of Benevento The River Fineto pajfeth near Regina The River Fibrena runneth between the City of Arpino and Sara G He River Glanco pajfeth near Valerofa The River Gineto , called: alfo Thie- to, runneth near the f,aid Country The River Gronde pajfeth near the ter¬ ritory ofBalbino in Calauria The River Garga runneth two miles diflantfrom the Country of Summo- ranno The River Grande runneth near Alto- monte The River GalefTo runneth into the ha¬ ven «/Taranto, called the little Sea The River Garigliano , called in old titne Ganicus , anet now Liris, paf- j feth near the ancient City of Min- turna, dejlroyed long fince 1 PJe River Ifarno pajfeth near the City of Nieto, how called Do¬ nato The River Jfdaro pajfeth near the City o/Caferta The River Ifacro runneth near the Ci¬ ty of Agatha The River Ifpica pajfeth near the City of PietraFitta The River Ipoleto pajfeth near Nica. ftro L He River Lire , called in old time Litis, and forr.etime Glanicus, is now called Garigliano; the faid Ri¬ ver runneth between Arce and Sora; Pliny faith that this River hath its original from the Lake Fucino The River Librata.o/tie Ancients,and among others, Pliny callcth it Albu- la for the Whitenefs thereof; the faid River pajfeth into Abruzzo ,and run¬ neth not far off front Civitella of Tronto. This River fpringeth from the Apennine The River Leudo runneth near the . (fountry o/Paolo The River Lavo, called alfo Laino, runneth near Scalea The River Lento pajfeth near the Mo- naflery of St. Liberatorc , and the City «/Frant5nn,i»«^£-<[//f^Franca- villa ; this River fpringeth fromthe Hill Maiella The River Lucinio pajfeth near RofTa- no The River Linterno pajfeth not very far from the River Vulturno Siris The River Lofanto called alfo Aufido, runneth near Canoia, by Pliny it is named Aufidus. and it is alfo fo cal- ledby Strabo, by Pomponius Mela, and by other ancient writers. This River rifeth from a little Fountain of the Apennine hi/s, among the lr- Vini , not far dif ant from theffity of Nofco, aneffrom hence defeendeth as a little brook of water, which in futn- mer,tbecourfe or current thereof can hardly be perceived to run 30 miles', but in the winter feafon it is fo much augmented by other Rivers and ftreams which pafs into it , and he¬ ft des through the JloWers and dews that are very often in that feafon, it overfoweth the greateft fields of Pu¬ glia, fo comforting and Watering the Country , that itfeems a large , long 1 and great fea The River Larafca fpringeth in Taran¬ to M "J'Hif River Mel pi runneth near the City of the ancient Atinagia, now ruinated The River Mofcano pajfeth near Piefco The River Metauro runneth near Maida The River Melina runneth near Poli- caftro The River Moro pajfeth near Ottona to the Sea The River Moncata runneth near La- cania, \\o pajfeth near Cape- ftrann , P The River Piomba runneth near To- ritto The River Pao!a runneth near the City of Paola 7 he River Pratello pajfeth near Piede- monte The River Petrace runneth near Gi- oia Lhe River Pefipo runneth near Nica- ftro The River Panopleto pajfeth near MaL da The River Pitornio runneth near the Lakehuano The River Plumba pajfeth near Ha- dria R T He River Rufeo runneth near Ca- ramanico The River Raino runneth near Palc- no The River Reatio runneth near Mef- furaca , called in old time Reati- utn S T j He River Sabuto pajfeth near No. cera, and the ancient City of Te- berina, which Was defrayed by Han¬ nibal o/Carthage (and at the Anci¬ ents do affirm) Ligia, one of the Si- renes inhabited upon the mouth of the faid River The River SebetO , called by the La- tines Sebethos, is a little River which pajfeth without the walls of the noble City of Naples, 'tvhieh the Neapolitans call the River Magda¬ lena , by reafonof a Church dedi¬ cated to the faid Saint , near which the faid River pajfeth, Papin. Scatio makes mention of the faid River in his fir ft book, de Selve, fafing. £r pulchra tumeat Sebethos alumna. It is alfo named by Virgil, by Statio, and by Colomella, and by many other writers The River Senno ,called in old time Siri, runneth near Amendolara , and the ancient City of Sino, Which Was af¬ terward namedHetactea , Where the Statue of Minerva is very famous, which reuled the eys againft the Ionii which fackt the City,not refpecling it The River Sapre runneth near the an¬ cient (ftity of Sapri, now ruinated The River Semiro runneth near Squil- lace The River Seminara runneth near the faid Country The River Sebatio, called alfo Oci¬ naro, pajfeth near Abatio The River Salinello , called alfo Sut- no, pajfeth near Villanto The River Sino runneth near Corvig- nano The River Sarno , called alfo ScafatoJ pajfeth near the City of Sarno The River Soricclla runneth nearCtot- ta The River Sabato,calledby the Latins Sibaris, runneth near the ancient Ci¬ ty of Turia, in Oalauria, the water Whereof being drank, by oxen, jheep, and other catttl, makes their skins to become black,, where very near is the River Crate, which Worketh the con¬ trary efefl The River Saro , now called Sangro, pajfeth near Fofla Ceca The River Sento runneth near the hill Zalario The River Scofa pajfeth near Niceto The River Sagara, very famous in Ca- lauria , for the cruel battel between the Locrefi and the Crutoneji t ’J' He River Targine pajfeth near Cro- tone The River Taut a pajfeth near Civita di Penna The River Tara rifeth under Maflafra near Taranto The River Tordino , called by Pliny Vivantium , runneth near the ancient. City o/Flaviano, now called Caftello nuovo The River Trinio runneth near Vaffo aimone The River Tatnaro pajfeth near Caflel- lo franco & the City of Morcone Kingdom of AT LES. The River Tito runneth near the Ter¬ ritory 0/BaIdino in Calauria The River Trero pajfeth near Cccca- no The River Tavo runneth near the City of Tavo The Paver Tinnaria runneth near Pao- la The River Turbido pajfeth near To- rano The River Triferno , calledalfo Pifer- no, pajfeth near Termole The River Tropoalco runneth near A- riano The River Ttigno hath hie beginning from Vafto, and fetching a compafi, divideth Puglia/row Abruzzo. The River Tronto, called by Ptolomy in hie third ^oo^Truentinum; a „£ by Strabo Druentum, and by Pom- ponius MelaJ is named Truentium ; this River rifetb from the Apen- nine. Strabo and Pliny faith that in old time teas builded theCajllc Truento, near the mouth of the Ri- ver,by the prop/e Tiburni of Dalma¬ tia, and called it Truentium, Which at this prefent remains not any men¬ tion thereof, neither can it be known Whether the River was named from it, or it from the River j this River runneth within $ miles of Crapolle V He River Ufente, called in old time Anfure , from the ancient City of Anfure, noW called Tarra- cina The River Viciola runneth hear Can, zano The River Vomano’, called alfo Ho- mano, runneth near Calvano The River Volturno pajfeth near the ancient Volturno , now it is called the River of Capua, becaufe it run¬ neth by the faid City The River Variano pajfeth near Cu- fano The River Vcrte runneth near Belio- monte The River Vado runneth near Sino- p 51 i The River Verde fpringeth in the Hill Maielia, between the Monafiery of St. Marcine, and the Caflle Faran, of the Peltgni (now called Abruz¬ zo) the faid River runneth near the City 0/Cafale, and of Colie Ma¬ rine. ZJpon the bank, of the faid River Was the body of M anfred, King o/NapIes, buried by the com¬ mandment of the Pope , and upon hii Tomb was ingraven this Epitaph, yjicjaceo Carol's Manfredus Ad arte fubaflus , Cafaris h.credo nonfuit urbe loctu , Sum patris ex edits auftts cenfligere Petro Mars dedit hie mortem. Mors niihi cunbla tulit. Of the Hils which are in the Kingdom. A Suceto is a very high Hill in tlie Ifle of Ifchia, called in old time Enaria, Inarime, and Pithecufa, upon the which Hill fpringeth a River of the fame name. tsiburno is a Hill in the Province of Lucania, now called Bafilicata, which was a part of Calauria. This Hill is called of the Latines Alburnus , becaufe it is all white; Virgil makes mention of the faid Hill in the third of his Georgickj, fay¬ ing , Primus Alburnum Volitans. Atheneo,zH\\l called in old time Prenujfo,Sirreo,Minervio, and the Hill Eejuano, and now it is called the Hill of Majfa , from the City of Majfa which Hands but a little diftant from the City of Surrcnto. There is to be feen on the faid Hill to¬ wards the Sea, a great part of the ancient Temple of Minerva. zs4jlruno isa high Hill, which flandeth but a little diftant ftomToza.uolo, in She mid ft of which Hill is a Plain very low, reduced into a circle, two miles ini com- n 5 The Hijlory of the compafs, where is a little Pool with Sulphure-water which iffueth out on every fide very comfortable and wholfome for thofe that are difeafed and feeble. Savo¬ narola maketh mention of the faid Baths, calling them eSfftrana. Vgolino cals them Struna balnea, r - „ .V, Cir cello, named by the Latines Mm Cents, and Circeus, and of Ptolomy, Gtr- daughter of ceum promontortum. This Hill lieth near to Gotta, and was fo called of Ctrees. Sole ,and Fit ft, the daughter of the Sun,and the Nymph Perfe ,{\ifter of Ml the, King of the Colcht, the great Magician , who being married to the King of the Sarmatians, poifoned him through the delire (he had to domineer and bear rule her felf, the which was the caufe that (he was chafed away by all the people, and fo (he came to inhabit in this Hill, which did abound with great plenty of excellent hearbs, and there made her refidence , with the which hearbs the Ancients have feigned that (he tranf- formed men into hearts. There was upon the faid Hill in old time a very beauti- full and goodly City of the fame name , with the Temple of Circes, and theob- feure Cave of Minerva , where was (hewed in the time of Strabo for the truth •i thereof, a Cup wherein V lifts drank. Into the faid City Tarquin the proud brought many inhabitants , becaufe the fields SPomttini very large and fair were near the Sea, fubjeft to the faid Plain, as Vionyfiw of Alicarnafttss writeth in his fifth book, and Livy in the firft. Much is written of the faid Hill in many places, both by ‘Dionyfius, Strabo, Livy, * 7 liny Pomponius, Mela,Solina, Trocopio, and alfo Virgil in his feventh book. The faid City being afterward ruinated, in place thereof was made a very ftrongCaftle, which was a fecurepafTage for many Uo. man Bifhops. The Hill (ftarcino, now called Capo di Stilo , and by Ptolomeo named Promon- t or item Carcinum, is the longeft Promontory in all Italy , as Pliny writeth by opini¬ on of others. Barbaro in the corre&ions of Pliny , faith that it ought to be cal¬ led Cacmtum, as the ancient books of Pliny declare,and alfo of Polybius-, Sarba- robefides faith, that the book of Pliny was corrupted when he faith the Caftleof Carceno was near to Petilia , becaufe hefhould have faid Cacinum , of which fpeakech Filifto faying thus, Cacinum eft ttppidum non mu It Mm d Sicilia diftans. i . The Cape of Sqstillace is a Hill upon the which in old time was the City of Squillact, called by Pliny, Scyllatius, and by Strabo, by Solinut, and by Pomponi- m, Mela Scyllatius. The faid City was builded by the Atenefi, the companions of Meneftro, which arived there. (ftrepacore is a great back or brow of the eApennine , the which for the lteepnefs anddifficult afeent hath been fo called, yet in odd time it was called Grumo , from the which flowes the River Mofcano. The faid Hill is near to the Cave Menarda. Cecubo is a Hill which joyneth to the Gulf of Cjaeta, and near Caftellone ; the faid Hill is very famous for the excellent Wine it yields, for it bringeth forth the ftrongeft Grape, the Wines of Cecubo are accounted with the beft, asthcFonda- ni and Setini, whereof Martial faith, Cxcubafundanis generofa coquuntwr Artsy dis Vitis , ef in media nata palude viret: Caftno is a high Hill, which is not very far from the City of & Aquino, and the Caftleboth being in fampaniafelix. InthefaidHill was in old time the City of Caftno, a Colony of the Romans, as Titus Livirn writeth in his ninth book, declaring that thither was brought a Colony at the fame time with Minturn. And alfo Antonio in his Commentary fpeaketh hkewife thereof in his g 6 book ; And Strabo faith that in his time there was the glorious City of the Latines. And Sillo nameth it thus in his twelfth book, N ymphtfque habit at a Cafini, rura evaftantur: 1 Here Kingdom of iA T L E S, uj Here was the Temple of Apollo, where was afterward builded the Stately Mo- nafteryof Caftno, fo named by the ruinated City. The faid Monaftery was built by St. BenediB for his Monks, although the buildings of the Monaftery at this prefent are not thofe which the Father St. Be nediB builded , for not long after his death ali things were ruinated by the Longobards, T ml* King of the Goths mo¬ ved by the fanftity of St. BenediB , went up into the faid Monaftery j purpofing to try if that were true which he had heard fay of him, that is to fay, that St. Bene- ditt through a prophetical fpirit did know anyfecretor hidden thing, apparelled himfelf like a page, caufing another to go before him doatbed in Kingly attire, who feigned himlelf to be Totila, but the Saint knowing of God the deceit, re- quefted him with acheerfull countenance to come in with the reft of his follow¬ ers,and pointing to the King which was fo bafely attired to come foremoft into the Monaftery. But neither chis, nor any other fignes of fandity which St. BenediB (hewed to the Longobards, were fufficient to bridle the fury of thefe Barbarians from the ifpoil of this Monaftery , the Which had been foretold to the Monks by the Father St. BenediB. It was afterward reedified upon the firft foundations, and alfo enlarged about a 112 years after by Petronio Tctronajfo Bre- feiarte, through the perfwafion of Pope Gregor] the fecond, as Paolo Diacono wri- teth in his fixth book of the Hiftories of the Longobards, and Elia Capriolo in his fifth book of his Brefcian Hiftories. The Monks thereof have more in revenue every year then fifty thoufand duckets. In the faid Monaftery do lie the bodies of many Saints, and chiefly that of St. BenediB the Founder and Head thereof, and of St Scolaftica his filler, whofe bodies were found in the year 1543. W/wy de¬ clares in the fourth chapter of his feventh book, that in the faid City of Caftno, in the time of the ConfuKhip of Lucinitu Crajfus, and of Caio CaJJio Longo, a cer¬ tain girl was converted to a male kind , which by advice of the South-fayets was carried away into a defert Ifland. . Caulo, called in old time (ftaulon, is a high Hill in Cr.iauria , hpon the which is fituated the City of C aulonia , near Lecri , the faid Hill is very full of Vines, whereupon the Ancients confecrated it unto Bacchus. Virgil fpeaketh of this Hill in the third of the Eneidos faying; , Caulonifque area, & naufragum Scyllaceum. Pliny in the third Book and tenth Chapter alfo difeourfeth of the faid City, Stra¬ bo in his fixth Book, Pomponius Mela in his fecond , and Stephano of the City cals it Caulonia. ,4 . Chrifts Hill is a high Hill, which is near the City of Pc^uolo, in the very fame place which was called the Bath of Trepergole. It is faid that in the time that our Saviour Jefus Chrift arofe from death to life, and defeended into Hell, at his refurretfion he took the faid great Hill and ftopt the hole or mouth ofHell which he made coming from thence, and for this caufe (they fay) it was called Chrifts Hill j whereupon the Poet Euftafius thus faith, Eft locus Auftralis, quo portam Chriflus Averni Fregit, & e dux it mortuus inde fttot Hac domus eft triplex,hinc jure Tripergula dicta. Zina capit veftes, altera Jervat aqaam, ZJtilts undafatis multum fudantibus aufert Defectum mentis , cum gravitate pedum; Hac ftomachi variasfacit abfentare querelas , Flebile de tote corf ore tollit onus. ‘Dcbilis, atque figer, quibus eft non mult a facultai, Confulimus tali ut fapefruatur aqua. Hujus amator aqua Jjmptomata nulla timebit , Incolumi femper corpore latus erit Sul Totila King of the Goths api parcllcd like l Page. Petronio Pent. p;jfo rcedified the Monaftery of the Hill Co. fine. A'girl convert ted 10 a male. ii8 The Hijlory of the The belief of the Au.her. Tbe Hill Cibc- ie s now called Monte Virgine. The bodies of Sidracki Me- y beck, and A- bedneg* prefer. ved in Monte Virgine. The admirable Reliquary in Monte Virgine. Flefh and milk carried into Monte Virginc, be¬ comes full of worms. - 7 . , . U n ,„ Catholick and Apoltolick Church, that our Saviour But 1 believe with the holy Catho c intQ Hcll j a5 a ll thePro- jefusChnftthelonof the omn P^ ^ t alfo bclieve that hearofe the third day phets and holy A po files havefa a, ^ ^ _ but that he foould rife from this from death, as_ the «'P f f 00 li(hto affirm it, or fay that which 1 know finite"blnVlrhrnic better fas St. Augnftin faith in the 8 upo„( 7 e,) to . doubt, de occultu qv-arn littg*re de n tbe top w hereof was in old C^isaHiUneattheU yof Mother of the Gods, time a (lately Temple dedicated ■ rhis Hill deferibing the way Antovio Pio ID' pUceth firfl Mercuriale, and afterward Cibele, from awrttwt*tothe• T P le wasafterwar d dedicated by St. rnlham Mother of the Gods. Thefa.d p fterthe confecration abo ve.fa.d,the nameof unto tne Virgin yJ^,.hew aslt is called at this prefent, and Cibelc was changed into the name f ^ [hcre is called de mme Virgin. This & "> ■ l& f »" Hih ' '“' Pt “” y touch a little at the bottom^ pre f cr vcd the bodies of the three chit- to the burning Oven , became uicy w . rnament f 0 r the gilding of raid Church is a Reliquary of fo much .^“^^^^“ nd gol^ that it the place, and f ®.” he “^L^abetterand perhaps not the like in all Chriftendom, would be very difficult to hnd a better p p ies In the f a id hill, whe. a,a11 K ^h 8 wilfo^God C ° whom it pleafeth many times to work matvailous ef- ther by the will of Cod , w v oc her accident, neither within the fe ts in fundry partisanplaces or by any other ac^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ £ar _ Monaftery nor the distance o 5 ® white-meat whatfoever, but ptefently it cot¬ ried any flefb, or eggs, or milk, ot y eD owdered boiled baked, ro(t- rupts and becomesfull of "°™ 5 ’ [ ifefl^y known to ail men, th« of all if s™.tod.d «,h v* writetb. The Wine cook its name ot Faltrnt, wmen' ”" from this Hill, whereof Sillio fpeakethin his (eventh book. GrttvuJht cut nectare vites, ;Hjflli dart pralit nomen praferre FalernU. And r ft, in the ft* Ch.p« of hi. fo»..««h MTtof lo thus faith, , „ . 2 Sjnc mibifumofos veterts proferte Falernos. •And the fame faith , Non tibi fi pretium Campara terra daretur: Non tibi fi Bacchi enra Falernus ager. Martial alfo fpeaketh of it faying , Refinata bibic vina Falerna: The faid place is now called the Fort of Mondragone , and the Territory thereof Kingdom of PLE S. up paffech alongeven to Volturno. In the Plain of the faid Hill is Campo StelUto, now called the Territory of CarixoU , and alio by the common people it is called Marine Of what excellency this field StelUto was , may eafily be underftood by the words of Cicero written in his Orations againftthe Laws deCampi, for- afmuch as in ft he was forced to perfwadc that the 'field StelUto by no means ought to be fold by theMagiftracy of ten men , whenhefaith, At enimager Campania, hxc let amittitur, or kit terre pitlcherrimos. Whereupon Cicero declares that it was the proper ground of the people ot Rome• Suetonitu writeth that Cefar divided the field StelUto between 200^ Citizens of Rome, to get the good will of the PC °Guiiro or Gitaldo, called by the Latines.moMj Guanu.&Gauros, but now com¬ monly called the Hill Barbara, the faid Hill is not very far from the Lake Averno the foot whereof ftretcheth even to Cuma,. and to Bata. This Hill bringetli forth verv fruitful! Vines, the which three times in a year yield excellent Grapes, - and very ^precious and pure Wine, for which caufe the Poets feigned chat here was The fertility the habitation of the Nymphs. Aufomus makes mention, Idyl. 8. fit. t 4 -cap. Qma _ <5.and 3 book, cap. 5. Lucan lib. 2. FUro. in lib. 1. cap. 16. Cjtovenal, in the a and 9 Sat. Galen 11. Metbodi, decib bonis, & malts fuc. cap. IJ. & i.dt Antidot. Gioviano 1 ’ontano in the 2 ‘RarthenU, Cicero againft Rullo Statto lib. 3. J Gargano is a famous H.ll.and ftandctl, in the Plain Tug ha now called the Pro¬ vince ‘of Capitanata. There are in the faid Hill fome pleafant Woods, and al¬ though for the mod part it be without Trees, neverthelefs there arc gathered many ki ds of medicinable herbs for divers infirmities. This high and famous hil procee- eth from the Apenoine, and the circuit round about even co the Ioweft diffent contains 3 00 miles and on the top of the Hill is the renowned and noble City ot St -csinotio, from the which all the Hill is now fo called and there is a very fair and'goodly Church in the honour of Sc Michael the Archangel, whether in¬ finite people reforts from fundry places of Chnftendom with great fuperftition and frequency at all times. Many ancient Writers make mention of this H,II Cargano, among Whom \iStrabo,Rliny,Pompomiu Mela find Virgil in his 11 book, ^ ViHor Gargani condtbat fapygit. And Lucan in the ;. tApulits Adri.-.cas exit Garganus in undos, -«-> And Horace in the fecond of his verfes faith. Q uerceta Gargani laborent . rr ! pleafant Hill which approacheth even to the City of Tuples, and £V fi/iXois a hir'h Hill which is in the Province o! the Country of Otranto, the which bill is called by the Latinifts Hjdrmium, and by Rimy ini Strabo, Hydrus, 21 Th?Hi \\Mifcno or the Promontary of Campagna /»/»*, ftands buta little di- according toiMomjns which Virgil affirms in his 6 book of Lnemos called the Hill of JEneas which died there, V« wmci * I up di f corn f or: cd, demanded M i[eno. when he tecitcth that Afr/raeCemgocM, ktteas wnouy ui cu , j 1ZO The Hi/torj of the The hill Mife- na,cal!ed in former time s£rco. J&ntM kild his Trum^;- ter Mifeno, and facrificed him to the Gods of Hell. The Tower of Faro. of Achate what they flioulddo.and where they ftiould bury him. And at the laft was here buried, and of him was called Mifeno .for before the coming of Eneai the faid Hill was called v£m. For Virgil faith in the f«th of the Enetd. rprte urea jacet exanimum tibi corpus amici. And fomewhat lower, Q uetn focium exanimum vates, quod corpus humandum Diceret. atque Uli Mifenum in liftore peco Vt venere trident indigna morte pertmptum : Mifenum JEolidem, quo non prejlantior alter Krre ciere vos, Martemque accendere cantu , Heftorts hie magnifuerat comet. .V* . And a little farther, Nec minus intered Mifenum in lift ore Teucri Flebant : & cineriingrato ftsprema ferebant- In deferring the manner of his grave after a few Verfes faith , At pitss JPLneas ingenti mole fepulchritm Jmpofuit,fuaqne arma -viro , remumque tubamque Monte fub ALrio,qui nunc Mifenus ab iHo Dicitur, aternumque tenet per feeula nomen. Pomponm Mela , and Soimtts fay , that this Mifeno ((tom whom the faid Hill taketh its name) wa* the Trumpeter of Eneas. And Servio upon the third and iixth of the Eneid. faith that Eneas being defirous to ra.fethe fouls of the dead Which remained in Hell, out of the Lake tAvtrno , but beingunable to do it, un- Iefs he firft kil’d fome man, and after facrificed him to the Gods of Hell; to this effeft he killed his beloved Trumpeter Mifeno, and after the facrifice ended he ob¬ tained his defire. Upon the faid Hill was in old time a Tower called Faro, on the which both day and night did burn a continual light, as a figne for Marrmers to fail with the more fecurity. The faid Hill is ftreightned in the manner of a Pro¬ montory of three breadths compaffed with the Sea, and in the (aid Cape where it begins to be narrow, although it be naturally full of Caves, it is fo hollow and vaulty by means of the buildings that are thereon, raifed and fupported with Pil¬ lars and built with Marble, that it Teems as a Hill down-hanging, and within there was (as is to befeen) Baths, and very delicate banqueting places among the which there was one called the Cave Traconaria, To named of Tracontbus, for^that vyaxfflV fignifieth water-courfes, as FrancifcoTitelmanno notethin 148 PJalm. The faid Cave is very large, long, and high, built inanadmirable manner,and part of it is Banding, and part half ruinated, and alfo fome part wholly gone, I hat part which istohefeen lieth in this fort, It hath in the midft'an entneof 200 hardsfcrcadthin length , and 18 in breadth , having on bothTides four lodgings vaulted in largenefs lorce 12 and fome i6hands breadth, being between lome 01 them the fpace of 12 hands breadth, and between others 18. In theft fpaces are 4dores everyone the breadth of 12 hands, the one diftant from the other 16, except thefirft diftance-, which is in the entrance 18. but the other diftances be¬ tween the faid dotes are equal.The Arches are fupported and made with crofs inter¬ lacing. It is a thing very certain (as it is commonly judged of all) that the laic Caves Were made to preferve water. On that fide, of the Hill which lies cowards Cuma the faid Hill hath a poole of the Sea called Mare Mortuum $ and round a- bout upon the brow and edgof the main-fcmd appear the ruines and goodly foun¬ dations of ancient buildings, and this was the place where Suetonius faith that Oftavius Auguftps kept his Army by Sea near Mifeno ., for the guard and defence Kingdom of AT L E S. of the Terrene Sea,of France, Spaix, Mauritania, and of Africa, and of the Ifles which lie in the midfl thereof, of the which Army Plin'.o Veronefe was Cap¬ tain at the time that the Hill Vefuvio burnt, where he died whilft he attempted to fee the great exhalations of that Hill, which cart the a(hes even into Africa, Siria, and Egipt,. Afterward within the land appears Foundations , incredible to thofe that have not fecn them, where they now fay is a wonderfull Lake, for thefe being fas it feems) the foundations of a goodly Palace that was in this part, which re- maineth there handing, fupported with very high Pillars, being a hundred and fix- ty paces long, and in breadth 250. and fo fair that it feems new, and I believe it was the Palace of L.Lucullus, which he had near Bata to dwell pleafantly in the time of Winter, becaufe it hands in a very warm place. Whereof Plutarch ma- keth mention in the life of the faid Lucullus , declaring that L. LucnHus having Tnvited Pompej in the Summer feafon to his houfe Frafcato, which is near Rome, feemedtojeftand flout at him, faying he was not well advifed , to build fo goodly and ftacely a houfe as that was, being full of fo many open Galleries , and broad Windows, and expofed both to the winds and cold ; that though in Summer he might well inhabit, yet in Winter time it was utterly to be abandoned. To which he faith, that Lucullus alfo fcoffingly, anfwered him, that Pompej was decei¬ ved in him, becaufe he had better played the wife Crane, then he had done, for that houfe he only built for the Summer-feafon, having another as fair at Baia for the Winter, where was a continual Spring. The Tombs and Reliques of this Pa¬ lace, and other ancient Monuments, which are half (landingand half ruinated, which are to be feen in thefe places, are fuch, that it feems as if there had been an abfolute City, rather then a Houfe. Of the faid Hill Mifeno, Strabo makes men¬ tion in his fifth book , Cicero in the fecond of his Filippice, Antonio in his Com- mentarie, Ptolomj in his third book, Sttettnitts in the 1 cap. 49 Plin in the 3. cap. 16. Tacitus in the 19 book, Sill, in the 8 .Proper, in the 3. and in the. 18. Statio in the 3 Sat. 1. and of modern Writers John Pontano in his 6 book of the Warrs of Tfaples. Mafftco is a famous Hill which (lands in (Jampania felix , and is now called the Fort of Mandragon:, of a certain City that is there , which hath the title of a Duke. This excellent Hill is very famous, as well in old time as in thefe our daies, for the fingulatsnd delicate Wine which it yields, being of a golden and amber colour,of a fweet and odoriferous favor, and of a moftdelicious and pleafing taftc; thefe Vines grow in the top of the Hill The Territory thereof in old time ex¬ tended even to the Walls of Sinueffa, a Colony of the Remans, and with the back and ridg thereof the faid Hil (Iretcheth to Cali, now named Calvi , even to the left fide of the Territory of Venafro , fo that it confined on the one fide with the Territory of Falerno, now called Gattdo, which in like manner brought forth thefe precious and excellent Wines of the colour of gold , which were fo pleafing to the Roman Empero s, and o" whom Julius Cefar, as Pliny in the 15 cap. of the 14 lib. Wfiteth , honoured therewith his Feafls, and moll renowned Banquets which he made in Rome. Of this Hil Majfico, Virgil maketh mention in many places, and chief!y in the fecond book of his Georgicks, faying, Sedgravidi fruges, & Batch's Majftcus humor. And in the 7 of Eneid. Vetstnt fcelicia Baccho Mafftca. Sillio Itallico in his 7 book , Majftcus uviferts addehat nominaglohii And the fame faith in another place, % Majfca fulcabit mnlccre Falernus in avo. Ill Ofiaviiu Au- guftui kept his fcleet in Marc Morle%iot the defence of the TirreneSea* Pompt) ftaur* eth L.Lucul. lw. The anfwer of Lucullw. The Authors which make mention of the Hil Miferti: The Hil c#. The wine Fa- lerni in great eftimation with the Ro¬ mans. The Authors which make mention of the hi iMajpcOi And - 1 - HZ c Ihe Hijlory of the The A tit hors winch make mention of che Wine of Fa- lerno. Miner vio. Miiefia. Olibano. The Emperoi ('..Caligula caufed the hiii Olibano to be cue. And Horace in his fir ft book'of Verfes, Eft qui me veteric pocula Majpci. Of the Wine Fdertto , Cjalen makes mention in hisfeennd n j \ H en - C *P- 6 > and in cap. 5. and in many other places . Za c deaK CUr - de f™- know more, he may read Ferfuu in the third Satyr V ," y , man defires Co r in the 7 M- Tibulitu in the fecond • Horace the * 1 the Sat ’ 8 • SUL m the fourth sfc iW,, 77 r«r Livim in thS ^ rhe d , b °f k ° f Verfo > Ovid t.ie third dcSatttrnali, L. Floro in the firft book snH C ^ ^ j° k C *?' 3 ‘ Macrobio Pcrfetto, and John Faptifta in the book of the naturenf Wricers ’ l*»bo Minervia is a Hill, orrather a PromonL , , Wlnes - Ifleof fan, where upon an arm of the h f ftandct !' dire( % againfl the M 4 *, and Vico. The faid Hill by Pli» y and P l^ J h . efe Clties > Sttrrento, toriumMimrva, and by Strabo it is named SirreumAtb N ‘ * ’• “ Ca,,ed Prom °*- It ,s called the Cape of C*m t *ndU, becaufethereftaif Tr ” & Now w.tn the found of a Bell makes a figne of thedif a J ow f r as a guard which as fails upon the CoaB. S ° t,1€ dllcovcr y of f uc h Ships and Gallics MaiilU is a very high Hill which is feparated from , ■ in the Province of the Peligni, and Sanniti now caTl fd ’ and ftan deth di covered very far through the great height thereo lu* W ’ the faid Hil1 « ally covered with fnow ; it is very rough and craonf’ ^ C ° P m almoft continu- to the top on every fide, near to the which are £ rv P ? ffa 8 e ver y d ifficult yers How from it, and there are manv Woorl. c n r ltles and Towns, manyRi. Bears and Wolves St. Peter of ^iZheHeS° f ■T l f be j ,fl *» and ^ being afterward called Pope Ctleftinc the fifth r ’ ‘, nIlabltcd in this high Hill Celeftini had. their origjl. fulfl ow JaHe^e H^rt ofS Bands but a little diftant from PouzhoIo, and is full of * L fV°- The faid Hill therefore very barren and without Trees it was caM w Zre hard A'nt-flones, and is as much as to fay, all,and feot barren ul ? » be «ufe in Greek that the Roman Emperor Ca. CaliouU caufed rhr*fv!u'u hlS founb b °ok,c.} 7 : and commanded that all the Streets m J J v “ftif Hi11 Co be cm a "d digged 0f k Y^r.tcmna Panormita makes mention of the f witb tlle fl 'nts there- rCd th d V7 ‘ CC !°AiebbiSw Lto a H, S ' n , his fifth Ep*«Jc , di- on that fide which bes towards the lifts of N;r, t * ' At tbe foot op tbe Pa i d Hill. iitdeF eBath ’ i nd tbeothef Che ftony Bath • ft was^all^> the one called httle Fountain thereof, nevertbelefs it .W r a cal,c ‘d the little Bath forrh^ weak and difeafed think that here is not on I ° S rcat vertue and efficacy that the ’t comforteth the head, cheBom ^t k S*"*" God himLif, au fe e;h che cloudie thicknefs of the eies andr^^" Part! of the body ’ft dear! ss'asyasr 1 k mZZ l r usf,tb w TSalmolum dicllmtalTJ ^ ” mtnh *bL ZJt patief' .r V**" * mic “ m , T,, ,J ue ft s ill,c Jenttat ejje Deum. Comfortat tepid fr' nne, '& c *tcra membra Hac LLnocZZ Zl n> “ Vabli ac l»™. ffriar,^ ?Jc' m Of* Kingdom of Aid L E S. Of this Bath Savonarola, Vgolino, and Franciotto makes mention, catling it Bal¬ neum forts crjpte ; Mengo faith that the Mine thereof is Alume, Copper, and Iron. Under the Rock of the faid Hill Olibano (as we have before faid) is theftony The bath of Bath, and is fo called becaufe the faid Fountain fpringeth from a Rock; this Bath vmu<= breaketh the flone in the bladder, pcovoketh urine, purgeth the fand, and expel- thereof, leth gravel, it healeth the pain of the head, deareth the fight, maketh the deaf to hear, and driveth the found and noife from the ears, it greatly comforts the heart andtheftomack. Thewaterof the faid Bath drank luke-warm , purgeth the in- trails and inward parts. Of this ftony Bath thus writeth Euftaftus , Cui Petra dat nomen, mirum reor ejfe Lavacrum , Quod lap idem pofftt franger e, nomen habet. , Jnfeftos capiti folet hoc arcere dolores. eMuribus auditum praftat, eft addit opem. Lamina tergit, nebulis maculofa fugatis , P eft or is, eft cordis ejfe medela poteft. • Veftcqs aperit renes expurgat arena. Interior a lav at poms, dr hujus aqua. Quam plttries vidi calidam potare petrofos , Quels Vrinafuit poft lapidofafatis. Vos igitur, quibn t eft darns cum pondere mifttss, Afftduus tails liber at ufus aqua. From that part of the Hill which lyeth towards Ptz.r.uolo, at the foot thereof is tan another Bath called Ortodonico , and is fo named becaufe it fpringeth in the Bifhops why'i't’ Garden, the paffage into it is to be defeended by certain flairs, and the dore there- was.fo called; of ftandeth towards the South , and therefore it is very dangerous for a man to enter into it, becaufe the South wind blowing, the heat of the exhalations indofed, decking to gee out, eafily ftifleth whofoever is within it; but the water being car¬ ried ouc, itreviveth and comforteth the bodies which are made faint and feeble through feivers,helpeth the ftomack,and taketh away the naufeoufues and defirc to vomit, and cureth the feaver. Alcaiino writeth of this Bath in this fort , Hoc manet abfeonfo telluris Ijmplfa meatfly Hanc via [nb terr is plena timer is habet. Fp cave ne fubeas thermos fpirantibtis Auftris , Tftt. color inclufus (it tibi castfanects. Hoc aqua mira nimis confumptts eft bona valdc , Reftaurat corpus nobills ufus aqua. Infirmos ficubi febris tenuaverit art us, Et putat extremam triftis ad ejfe diem. Has fidens intrabit aquas, eft fepefrequentans, Sentiet in robur fe rcdiijfe vet us * . rhthifts, ephermerine febres eft naufea turpis. Pellitttrhis thermit, heftica villa fngit. Falinuro is a Promontory fo named in the Province of the Principality on this Polime. fide, and of the Ancients was called the Promontory of ‘Falinuro, from which a little diftant was in old time the ancient City of Hiclia, which was afterward cal- The City led Velio, and (as Strabo faith.) was endued with excellent Laws and Statutes, and invironed with a ftrong Wall, and valiant people, and contended a long time with the Lucani, and Poffidbniati. Of the which City the ruines are to be feen, and was diftant from Poffidonia, (as Strabo faith) 200 furlongs ; Writers affirm , and efpecially Pomponius Mela, and Servio upon this Verfe of Virgil, in 6; • rmn r ;r • Nigenscrudelis,eftc. 114- The Hiftory of the Virgilj dm. ailed'film. c.I^f b 5 ^id Province of PMinxro was fo named of Palinuro of PhrieU a aaiierof Entas (hip, which was there buried of which menrinn U ’ places, and among others in the feventh book whe e he dn h l^T “ n,an 3 r cuiariy h,s death,Ind his grave, much comme’nd^g him ^ i ’ 3rti - he Promontory Pofliumit of the Province of PrU.riL,. STiSsSSwS-'te’SS bonli y n E«, utrons, Limons, and other fruit. /7i»v faith in his o ' Firti-poo Is'wherem wascaft a Rftbv' ’« ars ; This houfe was near to’ the hioLI’ par^oTthe'faid Ailf*" W C ° is now called the fatal Cave a-hm.> r the “ . ’ ,n tbe place which Cefarh ad therc ^ VI W be ^ the Baths "hich ■ KS '* 23 ? «&Sft (Wards isFi W" Sepulchre, I went to fee it with that excellJic^Lawvrt EJ?* j £ ' ng found in thefe dai «. * a great Herbalift, and a fearcher of fluff* ** a worch y P°et, and qeronomoCdonna, and Paolo Portarell nr'r” ’ r" d W ' tb US alfo went the Lord Being come to the place we found^l ^ ^j °/ B^Wgraent and wifdom: ed round about with Ma’rble and wivhV^ aid Clv ^ a C happel fmoothly vault- Sepul- ^ft was aTombof ^ the whtcbTupported a Coffin whereon were ingmveothjfe Ve'rfes^ wbltC Garble, the MANTVA megtnuit,CALARRl n „ *** w *’ - w * white Marble, with Q«i H5 Kingdom of «SA£ . Paolo began to fey , ftbuoa fuper hunc t omnium crevit Parnafia laurus Spontefua manefquc pios atque tjfa Maronst Atque locigenium viridanfi protegat umbra Divini vatic ft gnat reverenter houorei Ut quoniam nemo ante ilium, ttec pofl erit uxqnam FluiJic ruris opes, tali vel carmine reges Diceret, illius vigat per fecula nomas Laurus ut hac tumulo fcliic frondentibus extat > Obferv atque memor facri monument a poet a. Sarno is a Hill fo called of the City of S arxo, which is fituated at the foot of the Sams. Hill, where alfo a River taketh its name which runneth hard by, near to the mouth whereof was Pompey , and not far from the HWWefcovo, as Pimp faith, they were named the Pompeians ('as Sclino affirmeth by Hercoles) which brought thither his oxen wi th great pomp from Spain. 1 he Pompeians had a long Coun¬ try full of goodly Villages. The faid Country began at the point where is now the Tower of the Annunciation, and ftretcheth even to Caftello a more , beyond The Country the River Sarno. Inoldtimefas Str^odeclaresjinthefeplacesdidfirftinhabitthe ofPonipdans Gfci, and after the Tofcani, thePeligni, and alfo the Smniti, the which were dri- ^uhfulleft ven out by the Romans. This pleafant Country yicldeth excellent Wines. Pliny pini „( Cam . writeth in the 6 . cap. of the 14 book, that the faid Wines grew ftill to their great- p aiM fpoiied eft perfe&ionand goodnefs even till ten years, age not any thing impairing them, by fire of the This fair and pleafant Country of the Pompeians, was for the moft part deftroy- ed by an Earthquake in the time of Nero, which was one of the beft parts of the , 5 f,ook Province of Campania Mix. ofHiftorics- Taburo A Bay-tree that grew na¬ turally over the Sepulchre of \irgil* \z6 The Hijlory of the Tdburo is a high Hill near Capoa ; in old time it was called Mens Taburnus , as FrVgr'/dcdareth in the 2 of the Geergicks , Neufegnes'pceant terra, juvat Ifmara Sacco 5# Ccnferere, atque olea magnum vefiire Taburnum. And elfewhere of the faid Hill, and particularly in the twelfth book is made men* tion, faying. At vtlutingenti Sjlva fummoque Taburno. The Wine of Trifolino. Trifolino is a Hill which joyneth even with the City of Naples, and called by the common people, the Hill of St. Hermo, and fometimes of St, Martino , becaufe upon the top of the faid Hill there is a very fair Church, and a Monaftery of Car- thufian Monks, under the name of St. Martin ; the other Church of St. Hermo (hands within the Caftle, which was builded by Charts the firft of Angio King of Naples , for a defence and guard of the faid City. The faid Caftle was newly fortified by the Emperor (fharls the fifth. All this Hill is beautified with goodly buildings, and other worthy edifices; this pleafant Hill yieldeth excellent Wines, which are much commended by Galen 5 S alttbrium. <$■ 1 de antid. and Martial in Xenia fpeaking of the Wine Trifolino, thus faith. tib. 13. Nonfum de prime fatter Trifolina Lytto Inter vina tamtn feptima vitis are. It is called the Hill Trifolino by reafon of the three-leafed grafts, which growes there very plentifully.- Tif at a is a Hill wbich'lies above Capoa, whereof S illio fpeaketb, Tifata umbrifico generatum monte (falenum. Titus Livius likewife nameth it in thefeventh and twentifixth book,defcribi»g that Hannibal departing from the Brutii, came into thefe places to relieve Capoa, befiegedby Q. Fulvius, and Appius Claudius, the Roman Confuls.and piccht his Camp in a Valley but a little diftant from the faid Hill, with the gteateft part of bis Army, and with 30 Eliphants. Vefcvo,otVefuvio,\i a hil that ftands over againft Naples ,and oppofite to the Pom- W u y A W uti P eians > divided on every fide with high hits, and hath at the foot thereof round a- " H,u boutmany pleafant Woods, but in the top is very dreadfull, hideous, and unpaf- fable, in the midfl whereof is a great hole made with fire, which feems as a Thea¬ tre digged even out of the bowels of the Hill, from whence in old time did afeend great abundance of fire. Of thefe flames Berofo the Caldean in his fifth book of Antiquities maketh mention, faying, that in the laft year of the King Ar/i, the j King of the Affirians, thelaid Hill burned. Suetonius in the life of Titus faith, that in the time of the faid Emperor it yielded alfo great abundance of fire. Of the like fire in the fame manner relateth Dion the Greek ; the faid fire burned two Cities that (food near unto it, that is to fay, Erculaxio, and empty. After the fire had continued three daies and three nights, it cart fo many allies with fo great violence, that they were carried with the force of the wind even into Africa, into Syria, and into Egipt ; whereupon Pliny being defirous to fee the caufe of thefe fires, went even to the Tower Ottavi , and there was (lifted with the fmoke which rofe from the faid hill. This burning was the caufe that the Curati were created in Rome for the Country of Lavoro-, whofe office was to provide for thofe incon- veniencies in all that Country. Vefevo is now much tilled, and yieldeth excellent Greek Wine, and great (lore of Corn , and there is alfo gathered great plenty of good fruits; it is now called the Hill of S omma , bccaufe it ftandeth over againft Naples. On the one fide it hath the Fields, on the other the Sea j at the foot of the hill is the fair City of S omma, which is adorned with the Title of Duke. Qf, the faid Hill thus faith S Ulio It alien in the 12 book, Aton- Kingdom of «!A£ T J L E S. 117 Monftranttir Vcfeva juga, atque inverticefummo Depajli flammis fcopuli,frattn(que ruina Mons circnm, atque eTE thna (atis carentia faxa. And Martial in the 4 book of his Epigrams, Hicefi Pampincis viridis, vefuvius utnbris Prajferat hie madidos nobilis uva locus. Hec juga quant Njfa codes plus Bacchus amavit Hoc nttper fatyri monte dedere choros. Hac veneris fedes Lacedamenegratior Uli Hie locus Htrcttleo nomine claruscrat CtsnHa jacentflammis, <£■ trifti merjafavill.t Ncc fuperi vellem hoc licuijfe fibi. Some fay that Vefuvio was fo called for the fparklcs of fire which in old timeit caff out, as it were full of fparkles, for in old time a fparkle was called Vefuvia. Others fay that it was alfo named Vcsbis, of Vesbio Captain of the Pelafgi, which .did domineer ana command the faid Hill. Servio was deceived in expounding thofe words of Virgil in the 7. faying, Et vicina Veftva ora jssgo. becaufe he faith that Ve/evio is not the fame that is Vefttvo , and that the firft flan- deth in Liguria, from whence the River Tofloweth, and that the fecond is in Cam¬ pania felix. Neverthelcfs by the authority and teffimony of excellent and grave Writers, that bill of Liguria hath been called Vefuvio. FENNS. T He Fenn Pont ana , called of the Latinifls Talus Tor.tina , was fo named (as Strabo faith) from theCityof Powetia, fomerimes a Colony of the Romans, made at the fame time with Suejfa, according to T, Livius 'm his 9 book. Ie pro¬ ceeded of two Rivers, the one called Aufido, the other Vfente; of the firff Vir¬ gil maketh mention, faying, Et in mare volvitur 'Ufeus. And in the 7. Vfeus inftg- r.isfama. Now it is vulgarly called Atsferte, and alfo 'Baudino. This Fenn is lo large, that as Pliny faith, with the authority of Mutiano , that there were 24 Ci¬ ties. ’ Titus Livitu writeth in his 47 book, that the faid Fenn was dried up by the Confal Comelio Cerhego, and the ground became folid and firm to fow corn. Buc canel.ctte^ in procefs of time, care being not had thereof, itreturned to its priffinate Rate, theConfoi and was all filled with water ; the which Theodorico King of the Goths noting. caufed it to be made drie another time. At this prefent the faid fields are become ‘ * for the mod part fo moorifh , as well by the means of the faid Rivers, as the great flowing of the waters, which fpring from the bottom of the bordering liils round about, and there fettle and remain , their ancient paflages being ftopt, whereby they were wont to depart and pafs into the Sea. So by this means there is to be fec:i a sreatMoor : Upon this Fenn or Moor was the City of Tcrracina, called in old time sylnftsre-, which was the chief and head City of the Vlefci. Strabo faith tbm informer time it was called Trachina, which is to fay fharp and rough, by reafonoftheffony Hils whereitisfituate. Servio faith , that Jo Tcrtacinu was adored a little Jupiter called AtsPnro^ which in Greek fighifics as it were not fna- Jupney Anfuti* yen, The HiJlorj/of the ven, becaufe he had no beard by reafonof his youth; whereupon Martial in the io of his Epigrams, writing to Fauftine, thus faith , 0 nemus, o fontes.folidumque madentis arena, Littut, dr aquorit fplendtdus Anxur aqueis. And Horace in his Poetry faith, Sterilique din faltu, aptaque remit Zlnicat urbes alit : dr grave fentit aratrunu Servio alfofaith, that net very far from Terracina , was a City called Satura. Suetonius Tranquillus writeth that Tiberius being invited to a Feaft at Terracina, in a place called Pretorio , fuddenly fell from aloft many great (tones, which kild many of his friends and followers, and himfelf hardly efcaped. Spartiano faith, that Antenino Pio repaired the Haven of Terracina. This City had alfo the im¬ munities and priviledges of Amco, and of Hoftia, the which were likewife fufpen.- ded at the coming of esifdrubale into Italy. asfcherufa isa Fenn or Moor, which is now called (foluccia , and are certain waters of a rufty iron colour , which amaze wholoever fee them , and overfpread much ground between Capoa and Averfa, infeding the air, and making the earth unfruitful!, through the great abundance in thatPlain, whereby the Country be¬ comes altogether unprofitable. It ftretcheth even to Cuma , overflowing every place, the which is fo plain, that the water runneth not, butinfummer is accu- ftomed to be drie. Of the which water none in old time would tafte, believing it was an infernal water, which diftilled from the near adjacent waters, through the great heat of Flegiton-, whereupon they builded there a Temple to Pluto the God of Hell. The Ancients have alfo faid that Hercules at his departure from Hell, took the Crown from the head of Oppius , and planted it for a memorial on the fide of the faid Moor; whereupon the Poets afterward feigned that all the Pop¬ pies that grew there had black leaves. Ptinj makes mention of this Moor in his 3 book, Strabo in the 5 book. Sill, in the 8. Virgil in the 6 of Eneid. faying, , Vnum oro, quando hie Inferni janua regis Dicitur, dr tenebrofa palus Acheronte refufe. Of LAKES. A Nfanto,ol the Latinifts called Amfanflus, is a Lake which lieth between Lu. cania and the Irpini, the water whereof yieldeth a ftinking favour like Brim- ftone, and therefore all the fowles that fly over it fall down dead to the earth. Ci¬ cero nameth this Lake in the i of THvinat. faying, Mortifera quadam pars eft , tit Amfantli in Hirpinis, & in Afia Plutonica, qua vidimus. And Virgil in the 7. of the Eneid. Eft locus It alU in medio fub montibus alt is, Nobilibus, & fama multis memoratus in oris. AmfanBi valles, Agnano is a Lake which lieth near Po*ozuolo , and is invironed with high Rocks, the faid Lake is very deep , and yieldeth not any thing but Frogs. In the Spring time there are often feen many heaps and bundles of Serpents, which are Another.. ed - Kingdom of «?\£ iAT LE S k lip ed and ftifled in the water by divine providence , the which permitteth not thac they multiply and increafe, being fo pernicious to humane nature. Averna is a deep Lake which is three miles diftant from Cumx , and it called of the Latinifts Avernus, it was fo named fas Nonio Marcello faith) for the mortal The Llkc A ' and deadly favour of the water againft birds and fowles, which incontinently die ve,n ‘' if they fly but over it. It is compafled round about with high Hils, except at the entrance. Round about it are very delightfull and pleafant places; inthis Lake were men lacrificed , and here alfo, as Homer declarer!), was Elphenore (lain by Vlijfes , and facrifked , and likewife Mifeno by Eneas. The water of this Lake hath a brackifh and falttafte, and a black colour. In old time the faid Lake was invironed with thick Woods, through the fhadow whereof it was alwaies ob- fcure and fearfull; whereupon Augufitu caufed all the Woods to be cue down: On the lefc hand in the turning of, the Lake, is the Cave of Sibilla-, and a littie farther near the water is the Temple of Mercury , the ruines whereof are yet to be fecn. Of this Lake oAnflotlc maketh mention, de admirabilibus mundi. Valer. Elac. lib. z. Seneca inTroade. 9. Curt, lib. 2 . Dion. »»'s. of Antiquities, Vtbtt Scejuefire, Ffynie Marcello, Strabo, Pontano, in the 2. and efpecially Virgil in the 6 faying. Jnde ubi ventre adfaucesgraveolentls Averni Tollunife celeres. And a little farther, Q uam fuper band nila poterant impune Vtlautet Tenderc iter pennis, tails feft halitus arris , Faucibus effundens fuper a ad convexafetebat, Vndc locum Grai dixerunt nomen Averni. Very near the Lake eAverno is the Lake Lucrino, whereof we will fpeakinits place. Andoria is a Lake in ’Puglia, and named by Pliny, Mandarium, and by Btccas pun.lib.i. cepe in his book of Lakes eAndurium, from a Caftle very near unto it, called Andurio, 1 06. the faid Lake is not very far from the fhore. The Lake Fucino, named by Strabo, Lacus Fucinus, and likewife by other Writers, the faid Lake is commonly called Celano. This Lake is in the Country of the Marti, now called Abruzzo on the other fide; it is in compafs to miles, and is very full of excellent filhes, where is alfo great fowling for Mallards , wild- Geefe, and Swans. Round abouc the Lake are the Caftles of St, Apetito , and St. Jona, and thefe other places and Cities alfo, Paterno, Tranfaco, Giagano, Avezza- no, Magliano, and Celano, is under the title of a Count, a very rich and populous Country, from whofe name this Lake was alfo called Celano. The River Gievento encreth into the faid Lake, and runneth upon the water eafily tobe perceived, in fuch manner, that as it entreth in, and runneth upon it, fo alfo it returns without mingling itfelf with it. In the faid Lake was (wallowed up the magnificent City Archippa, built by Marfia, King of the Lidi. John Pontano declareth in his book deMagnificentia, that the Emperor Claudius maintained eleven years continual¬ ly 30 thoufand men to dam up this Lake, the which water Martin in his Edilelhip conveyed to Rome, and called it by his name, which was efteemed and commend¬ ed before any other water that was brought thither; Martial befides makes men¬ tion of this Lake, faying, Fucinus, & pigri taccantur flagna Neronis- Lufina is a Lake fo called of Luftna , a City of Capitanata ; this Lake is di- , flant from the faid City little lefs then a mile, near to the which the River Fortore ^ ' *’ p ‘ runneth into the Sea. This Lake is forty miles in compafs, and by Plinj is called xhe Lake Lai Lacus Pantanus, which breedeth excellent fifties, crmo.whyic Lucrino is a Lake near the Gulf of Bain, in Campania felix, direftly againft was fo called. S Pozzuolo, The ttiftory of a Dolphin. ffie Sepul¬ chre of Scipio Africans. A Prorerb. Sec the Elegy Cif-jrMwo in the 1 1 e of Scipio Afr. The Hiftorycf the Po~*mlo ic is commonly called the Lake of Licola. This Lake Lucrino was for¬ tified bv Hercoles to keep his oxen he brought from Gertort : It was afterward much better amended and ordered by Agrippat Strabo faith that he made itinthac fort that boats might pafs into it; fome fay that this Lake Lucrino was fo called de Lncro that is to fay-froth the gain and commodity that arife of the fifties that are therein taken , and from this Lake there goeth' a way to Averno:' In this Lake Lucrino, there is plenty of Oyfters, whereof Martial fpeaketh, 2 y/w o in nil Undent, preceumque A nr at a merettbr ' Sedcutfohtt erit Concha Lucrina cibut And in another place faith, . . Ebria Eaiano vent modo Conca Lucrino Nobile nunc fit to luxuriofa Gant urn. P//W writeth in the p lib. cap. 3 - that in the time of Augtiftus, there was a Dolphin in this Lake Lucrino, and that a poor mans fon which daily went to fchoolto Baia by Pomuolo, feeing him, began to call him Simon , and very often with pieces of bread which he carried for this purpofe, fo inticed and allured him, whereupon the Dolphin grew greatly in love with him ; by which means being called by the boy at any time whatfoever, though he were hid, and in the bottom of the Lake , neverthelefs he would prefently come and take the meat from the boys hand, and afterward fuffer him to mount upon his back , laying down his (harp fin,and fo take him up and carry him to Poxtuolo, playing with him through a "teat part of the water, and in like manner would return with him, and this he continued for many years, until the boy died ; and the Dolphin coming to his ac- culiomed place, and miffing him, fo lamented and forrowed, till in the end he pi¬ ned away, and alfo died with very grief. The Lake of Patria is a very great Lake, and full of fifh, and is near to Lintur- nc \nCampaniafelix. On the right hand of the faid Lake , not very far from the Sea is to be Teen at this prefent, a Tower not very ancient, called Patrio, built up¬ on the ruines of Linterno, which was the Town of Scipio Africano, for Ptolomeo, 'Pliny, and Mela, and Livio, placed Linterno between Vnlturno and Cnma. Scipio t/pjricano made choice to live rather in Linterno ; as a voluntary exile, then to a- bide in Home among fuch ungrateful people , becaufe he had experience of that | tfue. Proverb,' That a benefit iffeldom rewarded but with ingratitude. Scipio I dying, left in his Will, that this Epitaph fhould.be ingraven upon his Tomb, Devitto Hannibale capta Carthagine, &aufla f. Imperio, hot cineres mar more tellns babes, ' Cut non Enropa, non obfiitit Africa quondam (Ref pice ret hominum) quam brevis urnapramit. Tlie Lake Fondano , named Fandanus through the error of Pliny , ir.ftead of F undanus, as the learned j Barbara nOteth, The faid Lake is in the Province of the Country of Lavoro, near Formu, and Viila Caftello. There are very good hffi liad from this Lake, and efpecially great Eels. The fame and report being every where fpread, that Scipio remained at Linterno, thither repaired certain notorious Pirats to vifit and honour him , drawn by the fame and renown of his many viSories. By this clearly appears the force of ver- tue, how powerful! and puifiant it is even amongft all people, that it inforceth not only the good to love it, but alfo the wicked and reprobate to honour and em¬ brace it. Sal.".pia is a Lake in ‘Puglia Datinia, which is now called the Province of Capt- tan ate. The Laipe Varrone, palled in old time Geme, iieth in the Province of Capitanara and Kingdom of «SY <*A C PLBS. iji and is thirty miles in compafs , where arethefe Cities, Cappino, fignato , and JfcitelU. The faid Lake breedeth very good fifhes and Eels. Of the WOODS. A Gnitia is a Wood which ftandeth near the City of Alb* in the Territory of the Marfi, now called Abruzzefie, of ic K.Vg .7 maketh mention in the fe- ^The Wood Hami, called in old time Sacer Lucut, this facred Wood i» three miles diftant from a City of Campania felix. The fa.d Wood with the Temple landing upon a high Hill was within a mile and.half of the Baths of Tripmou ; the which Hill was planted on every fide with fumptuous buildings even to the top. Of this HiU Livj maketh mention in his third book TScond. faying that they facrificed there in the night. We have written at large thereof in the book of the Antiquities of ‘Toz.ooaoh, whereto I refer the K 'l»IiU is a Wood in length three mil?, where are very goodly pafluresi for droves and beards of Cattle. It is diftant from LM i two miles and a little more from the ancient Lavo, called Laiw$ a City of Calaurt* on this hde. DmmU was in old time a very fair Wood all of Oaks ,a the midft whereof Was a ItaWly Temple dedicated to jetptier Dedemeo, whole itatue wasveryrauch honoured, becaufe it revealed things by the means or a Pidgeon. This Wood flood in PkHU , and was To called of D&sno the fori of Ptlumno, and of ‘Danao the Grandfather of Tnrnns, which uikfU’agli*, the winch Province was after- ward called Dauma. . c . «■»__ j Siu called for the excellency thereof, Sil* Bret nan* , is a very fur Wood, which contains 200 miles rn compafs, and ftandeth neat Cofenz*, a City otCa- lauria on this fide : this famous Wood is not fohidcous and lpathlome in Win- ter through the continual fnow and ice, Mikas pleafant and delightful in Summer, Where theffefh air with delicate ftteamsof water full ot fifli, the fundry parts in fowling and hunting, the infinite drovefland beards pf cartel which plentifully feed reprefent in etfc& that which the Poets feign of their Arcadia. In this Wood are Trees which yield Pitch and excellent I urpentine , whereof Strabo in ^PftSyi^pic^f'rax’optime Brmiarta dkla proceris arboribtts & aquis recentibns referta ad 97 longitudinis . . . , , , f . Of this s ila, Virgil maketh mention in the la.book, faying, Ac *>Aut ixgevtti SyLt,f 'tmmxv't Taburno. Cstm duo ccnverfu inimica in praha t ami Frontibus incttrrstnt , pavidi centre magifiri St at pectis omne man mHtttm,mttjfamque jnvenca gluts ptcori tmperiet, quern tota arrmnta.ftquantur, 'Diofcorides in his firft book doth much commend the Pitch which comes from theftte and Galen alfo doth greatly praife it in his book de Aiteidt- and in the 3 de avia medicament,m, and in other places 5 it is alfo commended by » t/in rhefhird book de arie medend ,, df Auto in the fifteenth book, • of columella lib Columella, of Vegetio, and of S cribonio an excellent Phyfician, which florifhed in I?- the time ofthe Emperor Fiberihs Veiem .1 4. si S3 Of The Hijloryof the 131 Of the Mines in the Kingdom . In the Province of the Country of Lavoro , culled in old time Campania felix. "INthelfleof Ifehia , called in old time Enaria, is a Mine of Gold, and of ■* Alume , the which Bartholomeo Perdicc GenoVoaj found in the year 1465. In the Territory of Po^uolo is a Mine of Alume, of Brimftone, of Copper, oflron, and of Saltpeter. In the Territory of Sejfa is a Mine of Gold and Silver. In the Hill of S omma, called Vefevo , and Vefuvio, are Mines of Gold, Brimftone, and Alume. In the Province of the Principality on thii fide- In the Territory of Olibano is a Mine of Silver. In the Province of the Principality on the other fide. In the Territory of Prata is a Mine of Gold and Silver. In the Province of Abruzzo on thiofide. In the Territory of L ietto Manupelle, is a Mine of Pitch in the manner of Tarr, and is of che fame operation that Pitch is, this was found in the year 1577. In the Territory of the Country of Cantalupo, at the bottom of a Hill doth flow a certain Liquor called PecronicalOyle, which is very foveraigne and me- dicinablc. In the Province of the Country of Otranto. In the Territory of theCityof Matera. are Mines of Bolearmenick , and of a certain earth called by the Latinifts terra Lennia, and terra Sacra, it is much com¬ mended by Galen , and many other Phyfitians, as an excellent remedy to heal wounds, and the bloudy flux, and peftilent difeafes, and the biting of venomous creatures, and to preferve a man from poyfon, and to vomit poy fon already taken, and for other infirmities. There is alfo a Mine of natural and artificial Sait- peter. A . In the Province of Calauria on this fide. In the Territy of the Country of Martorano , is a Mine of Steel. In the Territory of theCityof Cofen^a , near the River Jtvtmo, are Mines of Gold,and Iron; and in a place commonly called Macchia germana , isaMineof Gold, of Lead, and Brimftone; and a little farther in another place called Mili- ano, is a Mine of Salt and Alume. In the Territory of Pietr* fitta, near the River Ifpica , are Mines of Steel, Lead, and Salt. In the Territory of the Country of Regina, are Mines of Alabaftcr, of Brim- ftone, and of Coperas. In the Territory of the Country of L ongobucco, are Mines of Silver, and Quickfilver. In the Territory olRoJfano are Mines of Salt, and of Alabafter, and the Marche- fitc ftone. In the Territory of Alto monte are Mines of Gold, of Silver, oflron, and of Alabafter, and there grows Criftal, and there alfo mighty Hils of white fait. Kingdom of J^JTLES, In the Province of Calauria on the other fide. In the Territory of the City of Regio are Mines of Alabafter, of Brimftone and Saltpeter. In the Territory of the City of Tavetna is a Mine of Antimonium , which it a lloneof the colour of lead, and very brittle, like that which grows in Britanj. In the Territory of the Country of tsfgata is a Mine of Iron, and Steel, and of the Adamant Hone. In the Territory of Belforte , is a Mine of Gold, and of Iron, and there grows Coprafs and Criftal. ■ In theTerritory of Calatro is a Mine of Iron. In the Territory of Belvedere are Mines of Silver, of Iron, of Brimftone, of Alume, of Sale, and of white and black Alabafter, and there grows a ftone which Ihineth like Silver. In the Territory of Soriano, is a Mine of Quickfilver. In the Territory of Nicajtro is a Mine of Quickfilver, and there are alfo good¬ ly Hi Is of mixed Marble '■ In the Territory of Mefuraca is a Mine of Earth, which yields a colour called of Latinifts (jiluns. Inche City fotrone grows a Thiftle which yieldcth Maftick , and alfoit grows in Cajlrovillarc, and in many other places of Calauria. Arid to conclade, (alau- ria is a very goodly Region, and yieldcth plenty of all good things. -V i i, Vi }.-.: A a .1 j slilr'J: 1 ]' r < .1.7"* | . 1 r\ » f '.i T.? ... ' . ! ... , j ■ - * 1 -ji. } f The 1 - T i ..••• ! 0 j IA ” | I 1 .if. '•? -If. : .: f I }- lo slflc > • f.{«! < - J : i. j -iftsQ’3- i r -j » • * ] V .•■ I j i'lno lij‘, : . • djiwjqcQa: : $t i ’... : t \ cnwoi ioi i : i J , ■ . : ) 1 ' ' ! m A rfke Hiftofy of the TheCaftlesand Forts of defence which are in the Kingdom of Staples, with the num¬ ber of Souldiers which remain in every Guard, and their monthly pay. The names The The pay, 1 of the Ca- num- what it I flies ber of monthly foul- imports diers In Naples are thole 3 Cattles, Duckets: 1. The new Cattle. 167 775.2.12 2-The Ca¬ ttle of E- no 45 ramo. 3. The Ca-, file of Vo- 25 90.4. n VO. The Cattle oCBaia. 69 2330.13 The Cattle of the Ifle 34 ll6. Jfchia. The Cattle of Gaeta • 86 322.3.3 The Cattle of Capoa. Si 20O.1.13 The Cattle of Aquila. The forti- 53 197 - 1-13 fled Cattle ofBrindefi. 56 • 75 - 3 The Cattle of Leccie. 54 201. 1.13 The Cattle of Otranto. £6 144.1.13 The names of the Ca¬ ttles. The num¬ ber of foul- diers The Cattle of Civitel- U. The Cattle of ‘Tefara. The Cattle oiVi'Jli. The Cattle of Momfrt. donia. The Cattle ofBarletta. The Cattle of Barj. The Cattle of Monopo¬ ly The Cattle of "Brinde- fi- The little Cattle of Mrindefi. The Cattle of £ tfexz.A hath only aCapt.with the pay of io crowns monthly 94 62 16 34 52 a8 2 9 4 i 63 The pay, what it monthly inports Duckets. 321.0.13 303.2.10 247.1. 13.- i37-!-i3 194 - 1-*3 118.1. 13 140; 151. 223.4 IOy The Kingdom of AT L ES, The names )The The pay, The names The of the Ca- num- what it of che Ca- num- files her of monthly ttlesj ber of foul- mports foul- diers diers The Cattle Duckets: 125.1.13 In the Itte of Cjallipo - 30 of Nifita the Court The Cattle of Taranto The Cattle 176.0.4 maintain- eth a Ga- rifon 39 116 . 3-6 The Fort of Qotrone The Cattle of the Ci- 6 * ty of ut id 1 man tea only a maintain- Captain v etlr <5 foul- The Cattle ’? , diers of Sc.Gir- i ■ mano hath The Fore 6 only a r i Ji l. . p£ St. Ca- Captain with the Lw/V * 1 K\KX* tflio main¬ tain there . allowance ^Vd,v Of of aoo In the Itte duckets of Tipare 2 yearly The Cattle • r r W*. i . ri are two Gunners -v ! 3jd AeM ».! \ ! i of Trar.i hath only i id rn.. •. ijjni Jl.v ?.t Ji; a Captain with the » . i. 5 r * H 0 1 pay of io V2 • 5 crowns . ; monthly • • •« *. n y.lv ri! j(\ i ;t iv,1 ■ ., .a,'. .A iwh, . l.tf I'T j; 1 Sl!. !0 , jU.V; . '. I*j.'j,i . ’ 'j jf.it sda t sihw smoY < -i ,'.!>> i..\«vT. , fr. ikVf;rO v,'.,i i Jpq bsnimisjs;. ! .n«w V ; .1. ii •'.! wiiol L. •: ,u r -ri iKw , ■: :uTjo 1 nn: ...a wan \ >■' ;t-l. 'suonlj , v!:I :i slum J>us , ’ -A-,:: 4 ' ’ ■ V ' bnc . ;«*A in J>-., • •>...,! jr • ■ . :t basenorhiuKl sdj ilaooiti: . '■ . • ;.t L/.,ivbnj31.i”j•,:! 1 • i Y !i Ad • ■ .‘-‘C, C3 *! ’ ^'HnSWliii: l.rrtUlOT y>lil n ;j . Iii one wn.*! i ' 5 c'!j ni h S nwo thrfa c; 11 * The Hijlorj of the A Of the Earls and Dukes of Tuglta and . Calauria ; and of all tfe Kings of Naples , Ntrmans, Suevi, Angioini , Dura^efchi, Ara- Lthough I have more at large written in another book of the lives .of ail the Kings which have ruled the Kingdom of Napier, but being now to fpeak of the fame fubjcd, I will handle every thing with as much brevity as may be,hoping that as it will be no fmall ornament to this work, fo it will give no little contentment to the Reader. It is then to be underftood, that in the year of our Lord 987.thelaft yearof the reign of Le'tois the fifth King of France, avaliant Norman fouldier, and of great magnanimity, called Tancred, having twelve foas which he had by two wives, that is to fay,of Marietta Lack* his firftwife, he had Frumentino, Gotfredo. Same, Tancred, Malugero, Dragone, Godfredo] and Alberedo; of the fecond wife, called Frefanda Rotaria, the daughter’ ( or as fome write ) the lifter of the Earl of Altavilla , he had Gmlielm Feraback., Vnfredo, Huberto, Qnifcard, and Ruggieri Rojfo, with thefe twelve fons Tancred determined to feek out fome new Country to inhabit, and to try fome new and better fortune , with hope to find fome other place to live better, and more richly , through his induftry and wit ; and coming into Italy, firftarived in Romagna, and perceiving that Landolfo Prince of Salerno, was much oppreft through the excurfions and outroads of the Saracins, lent in his aid fix of his fons. who being well provided by the Prince, both of horfe and arms, in three battels wherein they incountred the enemy, made an admirable (laughter of them, whereupon they returned as it were in triumph to Salerno , and were by the Prince and all the people received, and with much intreaty were follicited to re¬ main in that Court. But they declaring that what they did was not for any hu¬ man pomp, nor forany other end but the fervice of God, refufing all gifts, return¬ ed to their own habitation. But within a few years following, there fell certain controverfies between Pandolfo of St. Agtta, and Cjuaimaro Prince of Salerno , Pandolfo fent Ambaffadors intoi?oi»^»5,requefting quglielmo, Dragone and Vrn- frido, three fons of Tancred, with many promifes and offers Co fetve under his pay; which that he might the better do, in the manner of another Narfetes, font them noc Kingdom of AT LBS, m not only rich furniture for horfes, and coffly apparel for tbemfelves, but great flore of money. Thefe worthy men made no delay to come to the Prince ‘Pan- iolfo through whofe afliftance the enemy being foild, was forced with (h a me and fotro’w to retire ; but Pandolfo being brutifh and ungratefull, made no great ac¬ count of them, which they perceiving, for this caufe, the time of t heir fervice being expired took part with Guaimaro , who by their worthy deeds, in a ihort time re- Covered much Through thefe famous atebieuments the Normans gained the re¬ putation of valiant Worriers with every one. In the mean time died T-tW th»ir Father which was Earl of Altavilla , the which Counc defending to c , 'riuim Ftnalach his eldetl fon , omitted no time to go into Ntrntandj rofake poflcfiion thereof, where after he had fetled the affairs of his State re¬ turned afterward into Italy, bringing with him no lets then fifteen thousand Nor¬ mans iftto Romani, and in procefs of time got not only the dominion thereof, buc ‘'^ThinnTrefting'in this manner. theSattcihs polfefl all Sicilia, and Sardinia, and many times did much prejudice the Coaff of Italy, whereupon Pope .Term the 4 The Sirac.ns fearin ' 1 and much fufpeftingthey would bvettifn Vitaly, demanded aid of Gu- foffckSu . clielmo Fcrabach Guglielmo through the perfwafion of the Pope, went in this expedition with eleven thoolahd of his fouldiers together with Manutct, Captain of Michele Paflagone the Greek Emperor, to the recovery of and with much valour, and courage expeldthe Sancinsout ofaU die Jfle ; but MaHiact not obferving the agreement, that what Was gotten (hojjld be equally divided be¬ tween them Farabache growing wrathfull, paff with his Normans into Puglia, Ltf^bra^ 1 ' im > , bein 8 «.«ned with travel, came of reputation and fpo.I, mounted mightily in (late, mdeavourmg both by might, and other Military means to obtain other places and C.ties in Puglia, the which at- thieuments fucceeding with fo great felicity to the Normans it followed that all p“came into the poffeffion of the (aid Guglielmo , who through h.s valiant ffts had the name of Fcrabach, that is to fay,ftrong-arm, of which dominion he •afterward took the title of an Earl. Afterward Guglielmo died in the year of out ^ 104 , ar .d becaufe he left no child, his brother ‘Dragcne fucceedcd in the Fr f abaiK 254 -* f and nS only ^o«red that which'he had fi.ft loft but ^unTof Sfo got rna^y Cafttes and Holds, which the enemies poffeff upon the Sca-coafljof r* e lU. ‘ ° 2 thi , tim e the Emperor Henry the fecond came into Italy and ha¬ ving pacified the affairs of the Church, went into the Kingdom, and confirmed to Vr%ne the County of Puglia, from whom he received nnconly much money , ^ ^ of but had alfo the bed and faireft horfes that were in all the Kingdom y confir . The Emperor departing Italy, the Earl Dragone moved the Beneventan. to mc dbythc dom a" which time Guaimaro Ptince of S./er»» was cruelly murdered byhisown people and his fon was madePrince, withthc help of the Normans, which the VmfT , deC o m t faid Count laboured with long War; in the end the Count .11 demeaning h.mfelf 0 fP H ,a. with the Pugliefi, was fer his cruel nature: flam in the year-057. Baularde h.s fon MaoiV fijcceeded in his fathers Dominion, the which being dialed away in the fame year Coimt of Ln„u. r ,nC«ircard his uncle, ihs Ruberto became the fourth Earl of Puglia, F ;ia . who being a^vaiiant man at arms, andofagreatfpirit, fuddenly befieged and having taken it, went with prosperous virtoty (ubduingother parts and C.aes fc^Coun.of of Calauria to his dominion. Afterward he teturned into Puglia, took Tnia^ !jS 7 he Hiflory of the and in fuch manner never relied , taking from hand to hand many Cities, and F.iikrto Gui- brought all the Normans of that Country under his Empire.; and, being fully re- fcard atcribiu ^ (olved ro continue no longer an Earl , with a general confentcaufed hirafelf ro be ten to hiiMfclf c a iied Duke of Puglia and Calauria. At this prefent Nicholas the fecond , Bi- Dnkeof fhop °f S.ome, being much incumbred with the Roman Barons, came in the year, 1 59. to the Parlament with Cjuifcardo, in the City of Aquila, ani Quifiardhi- vitig with much humility adored the Pope, made peace with him,, and reflored unto him the City of Benevento , and all other places that he had belonging to the Church , for the which the Pope not'only received him into grace and favour,,bat confirmed and invefted him with the Title of Duke of 'Puglia and Calauria. The which aft was regiftred and confirmed with a folcmn Oath, and fo Ruberto was now made a Vaflal and Liegeman of the Church. Sfgonio writeth two Ads of glia and Ca* Luiria. Nocolot the 2 Bi/hop of Kane, canaeto the Parlament with Guifta'do, an. 1055), inverted with the Dnkedom of Puiljti{ and CdfttUru. The oath of loyalty and homage of Duke Hiberto. 'Robert Guifcard the Oath which Ruberto at this prefent made to the Pope, the one to pay the year¬ ly tribute , the other loyalty and homage, the which two Ads I thought good to infert in this place , to the end the Reader may know how the Etclefiaftical Jurif? didion began in the Kingdom of Tuples: The firft is in this fort. Ego Robert us c Dti gratia, cp St. Petri Dux Apulia, & Calabria& utroque fubveniCntefuturusSiculis ad confirmationtm traditionis,cpad recognitionem fidelita. tit de terra S. Petri, promitto me quotannis pro unoquoque jugo bourn penjionem duo¬ decimo denariorum Papienfium perfoluturum B. Petro, cp tibi D. meo Nicolao Papa, Cp omnibus fuccejforibus tuis, ant tuis, aut tuorum fuccefforum nunciis ad S. Refur- reiliimem obligans me, &■ meos harcdes^Jive fuccejfores tibi, Cp fuccejforibus tuis. Sic me Doits adjunct, Cpc. The lecond is thus : Ego-Robert us Dei, Cp S. Tetri gratia Dux ssEpulia, cp utroque fubveniente fu- Thc fecond turus Sicilia etb hinc in pefitrum fidelisero S Romano. Eacicfia ,

- rum permijit: ptnfionemde terra S. 'Tetri quam ego tencc, aut tenebo, quotannis bona fide perfoham S. Romant Ecclefts, omries ecclgfas, qua in ejus funt ditiuie,tut pot eft a- tidimittam, eafque defendam, Si tu, aut fftcceftores tui ante me ex vita ingraverint, pro ut monitus fuero auxilio ero , ut Pjtnftcx dig,it nr, ft ordinctur. Guifcardo having finilhed his faying, Tjregory thus replyed , Egovero Gregorius Tontifex invcftot( Rokfitc de.terra-S. Petri , quam tibiconcef- T | ie inverting ferunt antcccjferes mci Njcolaus ft Alexaftaer. pe ilia autem terra, quam injufte made by Tope tenes, Stlernum dico, ft Arnalftm, ft partem MarchitFirmana, nunc te patienter Gregory, fufiineo in confidentialci omnipotentts, (fttin bonlidtis , ut tu poftea adhonoremS. Pet ri it a te geras, ficut (ft te gerere, & mefufeipere decet fine periculo anima tut , ft met. Prefently Ruberto anfwered in this manner. Ego Robertas Dux ad confirmationem traditionis, (ft recognitionem fidelitatis , de omni terra, quam ego teneoproprie fub Domino meo, promitto, me quotannis pro uno- quoquejugo bourn penfioncm duodecim denariorum Papienfium foluturum r B. Perro, (ft tibi Domino meo fregorio Pontifici, & omnibus [uccefforibus tubs, aut tuis, aut fuc- ceforum tuorum nunciis , ubidies Sanftt Domini RefurreBiouis advenerit. Within a while after the Emperor Henry begirt Pope Cjregtrj with a very dan¬ gerous fiegc, the which G»i/i^^JUflikrIlaftdv^ing 4 »- 6 Wr»irawith^tirpaiT?>rhis Army, leaving the other to his fon Bamund, tame with all celerity to relieve the Pope,and entring in by the port del popolo ,drove theEmperoraway by force,&de_ Ruberto deli- liver’! the Pope from the fiege.and conveyed him to Montec afmofitiit afterward to ^'r.bema Salerno,whete he liv’d the remnant ofhis [\(e.(juifcard afterwardreturned to his en- bc jf cg cd. 8 terpriles beyond the fea,where having done many worthy exploits befeeming a molt valiant Prince, died in (forfu of Cjrecia the year of our Lord 1085. in the month of fuly, being 62 years of age, his body was afterward conveyed into Italy > and buried in the City of Venofa in oApulia. Rubcrtov/as of a high fpirit, provident. The death of and very ingenious, whereupon he was called by the Normans for his firname, ^ U y eR f^° •guifcardo, which fignifieth fubtile and witty. He had fuccefllvely three wives, I0 g“' ° m ’ the firft was Albereda, lifter to the Prince of Capoa, which brought him Ruberto, who died young, and Bocmundo. Sigelaica his fecond wife, lifter to the Prince of Salerno, by whom he had Ruggieri, Sivardo, and Ena. Of his third wife, named Jfabella, the daughter of Vgone, the firft of this name. King of he had net any child. After the death of Ruberto , Batmundo his eldeft fon was altogether imployed in the war which he had in Cjrccia • in the mean time Ruggiero his youn¬ ger brother , with great cunning, took upon him the Government of the Duke- Rnfeifrithe dom of Apulia and Calauria, and obtained of Pope Urban the fe cond, jhgfpn- ,„ d firmation of the St ate,.-in the Counce) which was held In theCiFy ofTroia, the c ilium. which Bamund understanding, came with his Army to drive him away ; but for- une offered him the opportunity of a more glorious enterprife , forlomuchas in he Couneel held in France, in Chiaromonte of Alvernia , the voyage beyond the T 2 Sea* nS 7 he Hiflory of the Sea to rccoWr the Sepulchre of Chrifi from the hands of the infidels was made manifeft , whether went fo majiy Chriftian Barons, French, Germans, and En- gli(hmen ; Esmond being of a generous mind , and full of magnanimity , ani¬ mated by emulation of the glory of fo many honourable men which wenc in this noble enterpfife, leaving all things to bis brother, went with thefe to the Coriqueft of the Holy Land, where having flreightly belieged Antiochia , took it, and Bccmund crea¬ ted Prince of was therefore by the general content of the Army/or that enterprife,made Prince, Antioch:*. and Earl of Tripoli: he afterward married Conflance, the eldeft daughter of rhilip King of France, which brought him a fon named Bo-mund, which l'ucceeded in the faid Principality. But returning to Ruggieri, who having held the Dukedom of (Jakarta and Raggieri died Apulia 25 years, died in the year 1110. and left William his eldeft Ion, his heir, bom of Adelandra his wife, daughter of Robert Frifone Earl of Flanders. This vmhm the Duke William peaceably pofleft his State, and made Pope Galafto his fpecial Norman,Duke friend, by whom he was inverted in the faid Dukedome of Apulia and Calau- of ApulU and r ; a t f, e vear l j 18. The year following the Duke thinking to marry the daugh- f'/ihturi/i in rhf ~ n 7 - J r ^ n • t l •__ :r. j U:_ ter of John Comneno , Emperor of Conftantinople, being promifed unto him, imbarked himfelf to go thither, and committing the tuition of his State to Count of Sici- Pope Califlo the fecond; In the mean time the year 1125. Ruggieri Earl of Si¬ lt a, thefon of c ;ij a h\ s Nephew, the fonne of the aforefaid Ruggieri Bojfo , following fofit roifcffctthe an opertunity, nothing efteeming the.Pope , invaded Calauria , and before the Dukedom of Pope could well bethink himfelf how to relieve it, he had got the pofteffion of Puglia and Ca- all Calauria and Apulia. lamia. The Duke William being deceived , and returned without his wife, retired The death of himfelf to the Prince of Salerno his kinfman, where not long after, without Iea- Du Ye William, ving any irtue, hedied in the year 1117; ■ ,7 Kingdom of icfyd } the 2. King of Naples. "lii W ILLIAM, called by his firname the wicked william, the; firft begotten fon of Ruggiero his father, lutcceded in the Kingdom, and in the^beginning of his State ufurped by force of arms (feperano with the Suburbs of Beneitenu, and Banco, widt other places belonging to the Church ; for which caufe he was excommunicated by Pope Adrian thefourth, and deprivedalfoof thctitleof King, anddifehargedhisfubjefisof their Kingdom of P L E S. their obedience towards him. William conceiving a moft violent hatred againft the Pope, raifed a mighty Army with a purpofe to go for Rome , but being for his perverfe nature hated of his Birons, manyof them rebeld againft him , and called the Pope into the Kingdom. The which was the occalion that william changed his purpofe, and converted hisTury againft the Prince of fapea which had been the Author of that confpiracy. The Pope w^tjeh faw all the Kingdom in Arms, with admirable celerity made a mighty Army piftsito Bencvcnto , and with¬ out any refiftancc took a great part of- the Kingdom , by the which viftory the Barons which called him , did fwearunto him loyalty and homage. William un- derftanding that Emanuel, Emperor of {fonfantinople, and Eredcrick^Barbarof- fa, the firft Emperor of Qermmj , made expedition to aid the Pope, therefore he thought it his beft way to be reconciled with the Church , fent an honourable Ambaftageto the Pope , wherein much humbling himfelf, deiired to be reftored to the grace and favour of the Church , and pofleflion of his Kingdom , and promifed to reftore wbatfoever he wrongfully detained fr#m the Church. The Pope willing to extinguilh the War, werttto Benevento , and expefled William, who proftrate at the Popes feet, deforc'd abfdution , and took an Oath of Loy¬ alty and homage , and firft reftoring whatfoevfcr he had taken from the Church, was inverted in the Kingdom the year 11 WiSiam afterward lived alwaies in peace with the Church, but was ever much troubled and molefted by his Barons, and hated of the people, and firnamed for his evil conditions, William the wicked. He departed this life the year of opr Lord 1167. and lived 47 years, and in the principal Church of Palermo , near his fathers Tomb was buried. He had by his Wife Margarite the daughter of Cjarada, the fecond-King of Navar , Ruggicri, which was proclaimed King by the Sicilians, w.illiam Prince of Tar ante, which fucceedino in the Kingdom, was called William the gopd, and Htnry Prince of Capoa. * i. i, ■’ 9 / 1 P !■" / r *r» • ■•cia-mT rrl; on,;..,. — ■ * - ■ - - j.- mniam The Pope is called into the Kingdom. William maketh peace with the Pope Annoii$6» ^Tbe Hijlory of the William the good , g. King of Naples. W ILLIAM Prince of Taranto, called the gopd,as differing from his father. Was after his death Crowned King at eleven years of age, and prefently pardoned all thofe which had been Re¬ bels to his father, and took away all the grievances impofed by him upon the people; defended alwaiesthe affairs of the Roman Church, againft whofoever fought to moleft it; and efpecially in the time when the Emperor Frederick^ arbarofta befieged Pope Alexander the 3.’ within Anagni. Whereupon Alexander ignorant of the coming of W itliam, not only with great courage and ftoutnefs maintained the Pontifical dignity , but ma¬ ny times foiled the Imperial Army. But being afterward perfwaded by Philip King of France to retire with his honour from the faidfiege, had from Kjng William a Gaily , which for that purpofe he hadlecretly fent, wherein he being imbarked with certain of his Cardinals, went to detriment in France , for his bet¬ ter fecurity , where he excommunicated and deprived the faid Frederick, of the Empire , and aggravated likewife the cenfure againft Otlavian the falfe ufurping Pope. William ftrongly armed himfelf both for Sea and Land againft tAndronico the Emperor of (ftonftantinople, for the injuries done in Italy. He afterward defend¬ ed the City of Tire, and with his Navy foiled the Forces of Salandine , and af¬ terward cleared the Sea from Rovers: And this good King having honourably ended all his aftions, after he bad reigned 21 years, and lived 32. died in Palermo in the year of cur Lord 1188. his body with great honour, Jone his wife, lifter to King Richard of England , cauf- ed to be laid in a Tomb of Marble , curioufly wrought and embofled, upon which caufed this infeription to be ingraven. Hie fittts eft bonus Rex Gnlielmns; The faid Sepulchre being ruinated and fpoiled through the injuty of time, hath newly been very magnificently repaired and renewed with fair Marble by the ArehbifUop of Torres, where this new Epitaph is to be read. Inclita qtias verbis, fapientum tarba recenfet Virtntcs fclusfachs, hie preeftitit omnes , F.gregint Kingdom of LES %f >4T Egregius quart bonus eft cegnimiue diclus Vtque bonus magno longe eft prqftantior itto. Major Alexandra fie Rex GuiUielmus babesur , Artibus ipfe etenim pacts, betlique fuifti, Clarus, ut femper jufta, ac pia bellagerebas , Sic quoque lata tibi femper viUoria par at a efts Et nunc ne vilts,jaceas Rex optime, praful , Te dec or at tumuli hoc Ludovicus Torrius Hoc ipfo in templo quod tu quilltime die aft i. tancred the 4 King of Naples. Iu'~~~\AiVCR£D Eat! of Leccie, the natural fon of King Ruggieri, Amo n38; B and Uokle to the good william , was by the death of his Ne¬ phew, which had not any child, created King of both the Sici. S lies in the year 1188.- Pope feleftine the third being defirous to H bring the Kingdom under the jurifdi&ion of the Church, as ^7 the d. feuditory of the Apoftolick Sea, inverted in the year 1191. Henry the fixth Em- ^wperor, hy peror, the fon of Frederick. Barbarofa, with thefe conditions, That hefliould Set***" recover at his own charge the Kingdom of the two Sicilies , with acknowledging Conftmce a the Church, and to pay the accuftomed Tribute; and to the end ic might feem n «n>givenfor more colourable, and be the better done, he gave under a pretence of Inheritance, * ifctorh e as a dowry for his wife fonftance, the lawfull and natural daughter of the afore- faid Ruggieri , whom fecretly he caufed to be brought from the Arch-Bifhop of Tlie coronni. Palermo, from theMonaftery of Sc. Mary , in the City aforefaid, where (he on of-he Em- wasAbefle, being now 52 years of age, very unfit for the procreation of chil- P cr ° r H beginning of the third month , the Plague growing very hoc, he returned into j, ’ lc Germany without any more adoe. The Emperors Army being departed Italy, SfKine' Tancred having recovered his Kingdom at the fame time , among thefe affairs* his Wrrd. * U fon * i ^\.6 The Hijlory of the King Tmcrcd died in the year 1194. The wife and children of Itncrei. The Emperor Henry entreth the Kingdom, and takech it. The wife and children of Ttncrei made prifoners. — -~ . . .. , mhich was alfo Crowned and proclaimed King and had Ton aimm died * a^XTof the /Tmperor Ifacio, and within a little while married Irene, thed ™8“?. er conceiving fo paffionately the death of his fon after him v^XfiokSd ’ His body was buried in the principal Church of growing gnevouflynck,d.e^ mbthe , aidhjs fon R . TaW departed Taler mo , and in th . c n ecen) ber the year of our Lord 1 1 ? 4 - having this life in the end of the a 1 D ^ Jrft > bchi V nd him three daughters, and inftantlywbe c,o»«d the Kingdom appertained to hi > d j Kingdom of Naples, WHiSsSste srs of Tattered together wit ‘ and’ fent them all ptifoners into Germany , eAlteria, Cefanpa and er / he (hould be unable to iSrStote*' fUtZ, ^kchwa* afterward King of ;'Jl MSmU war married with S/hr», f ««■>»', a Roman Lori TV*.*, A.«..dwa. .he»i ■ Arba and Duke of Venice, who being old , with the content ot his laid wire , became a Munk of the Order of St. BenediB, which was in the year 1 229. Thu. ended the ancient and noble mafeulin race of the Norman Gmfcatis, in the Kingdom of Naples and Sicilia , which from the time of continued 188 years, and governed the Kingdom of Naples and Stesha , with much honour and renown. SVEVI. Kingdom of UfATLSS % A H7 S VE VI. Henry the Stuvian , fxth Emperor, and fifth K itig of Naples. H SNRY the Emperor having extinguifhed the male-iffue and proge¬ ny the Normans, and remained abfolute Lord of both the Sicilies , caufed Frederick his fon to be Crowned by the Electors of the Empire, King of Germany. Afterward purpofing bet¬ ter to eftablifti the affairs of the Kingdom of 2 Vaples, fent thi¬ ther a Lieutenant one of his Barons called Maryneredo d‘ Atnenneder, whom with¬ in a few months following he created Duke of Ravenna, and Romagna, and Mar- quils oteAncna ; and at the fame tine .gave to Philip Duke of Snevia his bro- ther, the Dukedom of Tofcane, with the Lands of the Countefs Mattilda. So Henry being careful! to range his Army to invade England , for certain hatreds conceived again ft Richard the firft King of that Land, alcered his mind in Mtffina, through his delight in hunting, Nting in the time of Harveft, whereupon the i-eaver growinggnevoun y upon him,ended his life the 8 of May,\n the year 1197 having ruled the Empire 9 years, and governed in peaceable poffeflion the King¬ dom of Naples and Sicilia four years and one month. His body with the ftately pomp of folemn obfequies, was buried in the Church of Monreale in Palermo, in whole lumpcuous Tnmb of Porpbyrie is ingraven this Epitaph. Annoi '19$, j Henry the Em¬ peror citd jn the ye sir Impgrio adjecit Siculos Henri cm utrofqxe , Sextm Suevorum Candidaprogenies . gui monacham facris uxoris dnxit ab am , Pontificts feriptie hie tumulatm inefi l mperavii an. 9, men. 1. ebiit Mejfana : ' Anno IJffy, V 3 Frederick^ 7 he Hiflory of the Ana 197 * T he coronati¬ on of Frederick. the 2 Empe. tor,«nj t9 3 - Why thtKings of Naples are intitled Kings of Jeruftlem, Amo r 220. A Law made by 'Frederick.- prederick.the Emperor crowned King of Jerufalem , Alt.122^. Difcord be* tween the Pope and the Emperer Frederick.. Frederick Emperor , and 6. King of Napier. F REDERICK thefccond Emperor , the fon of the a fore laid Henry, fuc- ceeded in the Kingdom of Naples and Sicilia, and hecaufe lie was a child and hat three years of age, Corftaxzai his mother, caufed him to be Crowned King of both the Sicilies, and with him in hs name began to govern the Kingdom , and had the enftalmcnr of the Kingdom from Pope 7 *- ^ th , third in the year 1198. Frederick, being of perfect age, married f la, the only daughter of John Count of Brenna, and of Mary thedaughter ofKmg core Jo of Montfernao, and for her dowry among other things had thetitle and the right of the Kingdom of Jerufalem , and hereupon Frr^, and all the reft which fucceeded in the Kingdom of Nof Its, were called Kings of Jerufa- lcm In the year 1220. two years after his Coronation of the Empire , freae- rid being in grace and favour with the Pope Homrim the third, and with the Church, made and publifhed in Rome that Law which beginneth, Addecusfeetnvs Fredericas , the which Law is regiftred in the book of the feuds under the Title De liatutis, & confuetudmikus contra itbtrtatem Ecckfiarum , the which Law the faid Pope confirmed and app«>ved. Frederick. Mo made at the fame time the conftitutions of the Kingdom, which afterward the learned Doftor nAfatot^ pounded.frf^n^having ordered his affairs infferw^y, wentinthe time ofGrt~. con the 9 into Soria, and after much wars, made peace wtth S aland,ne for 10 years, and for that caufe had ferufalem, andall the Kingdom thereof , except a few cer¬ tain Caftles, whereupon on Eafterday in the year U 29 - be wok the c , tovvn ot thatKingdom in the City of jerufalem. Afterward there grew between him and Pope Honorius great difcord, becaufe he took upon him to beftow the Bitnopricks in Sicilia , and Frederick pretending he might lawfully do it, and difpole at his ownpleafurebyteafonof a Bull, which by Pope Urban the fecond was granted to Rue fieri the Norman, concerning the Monarchy of the faid Ifle, the Pope mii- liking the prefamption andoftentation of Frederick., excommunicated him, and deprived him of the Empire and the Kingdom, the which cenfure Pope Innocent the fourth confirmed in the year 1245. Frederick, lived five years after in conti¬ nual trouble and vexation, and at length having rtiled the Empire 3 3 y Mrs » ““ the Kingdom of J\(_ tAP LE S, the Kingdom of Naples and Sicilia 51.and that of Jerufalem 28. died of an in¬ firmity that grew in his throat, the 13 of December, in the year 1250. intheCaftle the death n f of Fiortntixo in Apulia, having lived 54years. Manfred his b3fe fon cauftd hi! the En T , r " r body to be carried with great pomp and honour into Sicilia, to the ftately Church Frcdetuk, of Monreale in Palermo, aod there buried him in a fumpeuous Toirfb of Porphi- ry, whereupon thefe Vetfes were ingraven. Q ui mare, qui terras, populos, & regna fubegit , Czfareumfrcgh fubito mors improba nomen , Sic jacetptt cernis Fredericas in or be fee undies , Njonc'lapis bit tows, cui munclm parcel arcet. Voxel an. 54. Imperavit an. 3 -j. Ihegm Hierufalem an. 28. Kegnorssm utriufqne S icilex ) i. Obsit an. Domini >2 JO. He left of fix wives which he had, many children ; of the firft, which was Cone. fiance of Aragon, the fifter {oras others Write) the daughter of Don Ferdinando The wife and King of Cafiile, he had Ctnrado, which-died young, Henry and qierdtano ; Hen- children t* ry was King of the Romans, who in the year 12 36. he potto death becaufe he fa- Jt r * ( f e Jjj£ ror voiired the Popes fadion. Of Jola his fecond wife, the daughter of John of Bren- na King of Jcrsefaleve, he had Cenrado, which was Emperor of Germany, and after. ward King of Naples. Of Agnefe his third wife, the daughter of Oiho Duke of Moravia,\\e had not any children. Of Rutkina the fourth wife, the daughter of Oris Earl of XJvolfierzhanfcn, he had Frederick^ which died in his infancy. Of Elizabeth his fift wife, the daughter of Led! is Duke of Bavaria, he had Agnefe, which was married to Conrado the Landtgrave of Tseringia. Of Matilda his lift wife, daughter of John of England , he nad Henry , which was King of Sicilia, and Cdefiance, who was married to Leans the Landtgrave of Nefcsa ; Frederick. had alfo by Blanca Anglana of tAquofana his concubine, thefe children, Manfred Princeof Taranto, and nfurper of Naples, Enzo King of Sardinia, Anfifio, of whom he made final! account, a*d Frederick, Prince of Antiochia Of daugh- The naruraj ters he had Ann, which was married very young to John Difpote oF Romania. Of children of Henry, and of Margarite the daughter of Lnpoldo Duke of Aeefina , was born the £aipcior Fredericks which was Duke of Aufiria, and Henrf. Of Cenrado and of Eli- FrederRk. zabeth the daughter of Otho Duke of Bavaria, came Ccradine, which coming to the conqueft of the Kingdom, was taken by Churls of asfngio King of Naples , and beheaded. Of Manfred bis natural fon, which married Helena the daughter of Michel Difpote of Romania, came Henry,Godfrey, Anfifio, and Elena. Conrad* 150 Tbe Hijlory of the Anno 1251. Capon,Naples, and Aq«ino (.'• ken by the Emperor Canrtdo. Henry llain. the death of j Conrads■ Aims 1254. .4 Corn ado the 4. Emperor , and 7. King of Naples. ONRADO the fon of Frederick, underftandingthe death of his fa¬ ther, came with a great Army into the Kingdom, and was received with great joy and honour by Manfred , in Barietta of Apuglia, 1 and being informed that Tuples, Capon, sAquino, and the whole S Abbyof St. Gertuanp, were become Rebels through the inflati¬ on of the Earl of Caferta, and dinoted to the Church, conceived thereat fo great indignation and ire, that with his Army he wafted and overrun the Country, and made Tomafo Earl of Germ to come and fubrnit himfelf to his mercy, and had by agreement St. Germans, and all the State of the Earl of Qaferta. He afterward befieged Capon, and having fpoiled and aeftroyed all the Country, took the City, and threw the Walls thereof to the ground : he did the like to Aquino, the Which he facked and burned. Afterward he befieged Naples both by Sea and Land, and after eight months had it by agreement; but they not obferving their Cove¬ nants, hecaufed afterward the Walls to be ruinated, and the Fortreffesof the Ci¬ ty, and many Noble houfes of Gentlemen and Citizens hebanifhed. Conrads having Naples , at the fame inftant had the reft of the Kingdom. He now rev maining in peaceable ftate, and given to his pleafures, being inhumane and of a cruel nature, caufed Henry his Nephew to be (lain upon the high-way, the fon of Henry, King of the Romans, which was come from Sicilia to vifit him. But that revenge was not long delayed, for Manfred his natural brother, which endeavou¬ red by all means to become King, with a poyfoned potion upon a light occafion kil’d him, which was in the year 1254. and the 3 of June, having held the Empire 3 years and 5 months.and the Kingdom of Naples and Sicilia 2 years and 19 daies. His body was buried in the principal Church of Naples , under a little narrow Marble ftone. Conrado before his death made his Will, and ordained his young- eft fon hjs heir general, born of Flizahttht he daughter of Oeho Duke of Bavaria. i Manfred Kingdom of L$S. ManfredtbeS King of Naples . 4NFRED Pnnce of Taranto, the natural fon of the Emperor Fr ?j mtk f he fecond,having ufurped theKingdom.was by Pope [ ourth ^communicated. The faid Pope died w,thm, while after, and Pope Vrban the fourth, a French- 77- , , -7;- , man . was created in his place, who fearing the threatnincs of Manfred , called unto the conqueft of the Kingdom Chari, o fAngio, Earl of Tlk r , \ ± 9 ^of France , to whom he gave the oath of both the Stnh',, with nd -6 days. _ Churls the fecond, 10 Kin% of Naples. > Harts the fecond, fon of Charts of Angio ,reigned 25 years and 17 days. Charts 1285. • was alfo 7 f° ur , m0 - biugo 1 3001 neths.and 24 days. This Robert was a wife and prudent Xing, he made hono- X «bl «• The Hijlory of the of the Gib el lint in the time that the dominion of Fiorenza was given to Charts Without land. Robert was a religious JCing, and a lover of the earned , whereof two things do fufficiently witneffe; the marvellous (lately Church, and other things which hebuildcdfh Naples , and the great familiarity with the two TuJ- cane lights of learning, Fetrark. ? and Boccace had with him. Robert died the 20 Of January, 1343. J O an 1. of this, name, Neece to Robert , and daughter of Charles with* out land , called! alfo Famtu for bis prowefie and valor, fucceedinginthe kingdom, was married with Andrtaffo of Hungary , her Coufin germain once removed, to whom (he gave herfelf and kingdom in Dowry. But afterward (he being not able to endure the infolency of her husband, often¬ times falling into difcord , caufed him unawares to be hanged by the neck in a Gallery, in the year 1346. The which being done, was married again to Le- wttthefon of Vhilip Prince of Taranto, the brother of Xing Robert. After whofe death was married anew with Giacomo of Aragon, the Infant of Majorica, who li¬ ving alfo but afmalltime, Jo<«» in the year 1376. was married once again, and took for her husband Otho of Efte, Duke of Brunfreich in Saxonie. She after¬ ward favouring the part of Clement Antipope, was by the cenfure of Urban the fixth deprived of her kingdom , and Charts of Burazzo inverted therein, and fo through fear (he. adopted for her fon Lnru Duke of A agio, the lecond begotten fCM Kingdom of jf A'P L 8 fon of Jtilm Xing of France. Charles of iffant Army into the ?one reigned 39. with a moft pu- her to be hanged. Churls the 3. of Dura%%o the 1 3 King of Naplesi ^ Haris of Dnraz±o,tht thitd of thisname, Xing of Naples, remained Anno Ij8t. abfolute pofleffor of thekingdom j,. he had great wars to preferve and defend if , and efpecialiy with Lewis 'of Angio : And being afterward .called into Hungary to take the poffefiionof that kingdom/went tbi- *ther , and was folemnly crowned in Alba Reale\ but afterward by tile means of the old Queen Elizabeth, was kild in a Parliament, : which was in the year 1386. Through the right that Char Is had in theaforefaid kingdom, all his fucceffors, and the other Xings which fucceeded in the kingdom of Naples, were called kings of Hungary. Char Is reigned four years, three moneths, and nine dayes. i' .%r tsj • • rti'Arxlioo.-b Ima .etoftouy.’ 'la .m.-.hq- .! i.A'J ill/.q r. ni : .' -x\i ni be-;' t ,nik 2 d) ni i.u rririj .. ,V.i &4\A u> .7 :XJ j«:Ji 3fi- mwt ifoidv; •v-v triM I r I Kingdom of AT? L$S % V7 k« fone z, 15 Queen of Jfaples. ~ v tg ~0 ne the fecond of this pame,after the death of Ladiflao her brother, fucceeded j ltn0 r S in the Kingdom. But growing afterward into difcord with Pope Martin Ejg the 5. was deprived of her Kingdom; and Lewis the 3. of Anglo, Dukeof n Lorain and Bar, tlie fon of the fecond Lew:*, was proclaimed King. I he SJF which thing was the only foundation and ground of all the mifehiefs which This Alfonfm for a long time afterward followed to the miferable and unhappy kingdom. For Jj^** i; '_ the Queen was conftrained, being not able to defer -1 herfelf againft the power of Q f Aragmaai Lewis and the Pope, to adopt for her fon Alfonfm King of Air agon and Sicilia , Ltanico Cd- the fon of King Ferdinando. Alfonfm being called by the Queen, abandoned the copdileia the affault and fiege of the Cattle of Bonifatio, the principal Fort, and of greateft im- the portance in the Ifle of Corfica, and provided 28 Gallies well furnifhed, and other 5 . Book w ire» Barks and led with him many valiant Captains,and came to Naples in the year 1621. ,| 1Jt t i, at k .al ■ Now began the Queens affairs to appear, which before was trod under foot, and to fonfm of Ars- change countenance ; and what through counfel, courage, and the aid of King A l- ' hc fonfm, the Queen was at liberty, and her affairs incrcafed with much reputation. di ‘ M 0 But the year following, 1423- the Queen growing contentious with him, underco- Ap'no 1423.' lour of ingratitude, fought to annihilate and difanull the faid adoption, and adopted for her fon, calling to her affiftance the fame Lewie, thorow whofe war fhe was conftrained to make the firft adoption, and chafed away Alfonfm by force of arms from all the kingdom, and fo lived peaceably all the reft of her life. They.ear 1434. Anno 1434; Lewis dyed; and before a year was expired from the time of his death, the Queen received continual molettations and prejudice by fobn Antonio Orfino Prince of Ta¬ ranto, and by Giacomo Caldora, and other followers of the Aragoneji, thorow die vicinity and neighbourhood of Sicilia , where Alfonfm maintained a great Army. So partly being oppreffed with a feaver, and troubled with a difeontented mind, tn the year 1434- the fecond of February, the life,the line of Charlsn of Angie,Ik the houfe oiDttraaMt of the French blood, which only retted in her, ended all regality, having reigned 20 years, 5 moneths, and 26 days. And becaufe (lie had no child, fhe made her heir ( as was reported ) Re'nato of Anglo Duke of Lorain , and Earl of Jrovtnce, the brother of Lewis her adopted fon. After thetieath of the Queen, the Neapolitans created fixtee’n men of the pnnr „:„„i .„ C ff,~ whirfi rbev called (rovernors. becaufe they fhould have care and ljS qhe Hijlory of the K,ng AlfonfM p'rifoner „Z&.llafiriffn,amDoLam nofiram Dominam ^annam ficnndam, -D» gr*» divers contentions, because Eugenio the fourth undemanding the death of fone , fent a Legate ta BhhOD of Recanati and Patriarch ot Alexandria, giving the Governors to under hand P and the CounceU of the Citie.that the kingdom of Nafles was Men to the Church as his Feud or Fee , willing them not to beftow the dominion U P°" n Y him whom he (hall nominate and inveftKing. The Governors an were > ^ would have no other King but R enato Duke of Lon 0 tn, whom their 1 herfucceffor. By this means the kingdom underftood the admonition of«ie iope ardtheanfwerof the Governors .wherewith many of the Princes and Baron of the kingdom much mifliked the fuccefiion of Kenato ; and being pnblifhed that that Willlnd Teftament was falfly forged by the Neapolitans- one P« tons and people which were ofthefaftion of the Ar agentf, called KvagAljonjni of Aram : Whereupon through contrary confents and inclinations rofe the taftions oftheX^W and Aragoneff The Governors being Ukewife at difeord : among themfelves the whole kingdom was divided, and put into great trouble and mole- for Renata. That part of the Duke of Setfa, the Earl Venafro, and» rons, called Alfonfiis, who being full of military courage, and inflamed wih n credible defire of glory, having his Army ready in the year 1436. came to Oatta, and was receded by theDuke of Sejfa , and befieging the faid C-tie came with his Navy tobattell with Baiagh Captain Generali of the Fleet of the Gen 0 ^, £S 'Jff. Alfonftu valiantly fighting, was at length overcome and to the cuftodv of Philip Duke of Miltane, who afterward knowing the lingulae vertue of Alfcnfm being defirous to hold him his companion and tnend , made a league with him, and fufffred him to goat his own pleafure, together with the other Lords which were alfo prifoners. Kingdom of SfARLsS, JJfq io iv^r. r Ai' r 'l Renat oof Angio the 1 6 King of Naples. Enato of Angio being at that time prifoner to John Duke of Bur- a me , gonir, the Neapolitane Ambafladors deprived of all hope to have Rc- nato, taufed ifabella his wife to corqe in his Head, a very wife and wor¬ thy Lady, who made great wars with Alfonfus. Afterward Renato being fet at liberty by the Duke of Burgonic, in the moneth of May 1438. came to Nap/es, whofe coming gave great hope and expe&a- tion to the Angtoim, and was royally receive^, and prefently prepared all neceffa- ry things for the wars, and retained many principal 1 and excellent Captains through whofe valour he obtained all Cabana , and the Dukedome of Uelfi in Abruzaj he had at his command many places. In the moneth (ft June. 1438! he had from Pope Eugeni hs (the inftalmenc of the kingdom of Naples and Jem- falem. Many aftions and battels fell out between Renato and Atfonfus -, but at length the party of the Aragonefi prevailed. Atfonfus in moneth of Iune 1442. by the way of an Aquaduft, which brought water into the City, took Naples, and the third day with the will of Renato he had theCaftleof Capca and other forts. Renato growing into defpair not to be able to recover the kingdom, with Jfabella his wife and his children,returned into Provence, where he paftall the reft of his life in peace’ having held Naples, and part of the kingdom in an uncertain and troublefome pofTef- fion four years and ten days. Being come to the age of 64 yearsjnarried loan Mla Valle, a noble French Lady,with whom too exceffively fatisfying his pleafure.became weak and feeble, and fo died the 19 of Fbruarj in the year 1481. and was buried in Nanfi, a plentiful place, and a principapll City of the Dukedom ofZwaw.and upon his Tomb thefe four verfes engraven. Magnanimuin tegit hoc faxy.mjortsmq- Rhenatum, Mor tales heu, qua conditionefumus, Invidia faclis hujusfartuna fubindc Nt tanti, & tanto eelfus honors foret. ARAGfl ES. i£o The Htjlory of the ARAGONESl. Anno I 442 * Alfonfus r. of Aragon, called by his furname, The "Magnanimous,17 King of Naples. Lfonfus Kirig of Aragon and Sicilia, after many dangers and infinite travell, entred Naples in triumph upon a golden Chariot; and by the means of Francefce Orfmo Prcfident of Rome , made peace with the Pope Eugenio , and obtained a very large inftalment of the Kingdom, for he was alfo invefted in the Kingdom of Hungary , by the right ot Joan his mother: And befides that, obtained from the faid Pope, that facukv and power, that Ferdinando his naturall fon was ordained his heir 3 and to luc- ceed after his death in the inllalment and poffeffion of the Kingdom : the which in¬ king was likewife afterward confirmed by Pope Nicolas the fifth. Alfonfus was verv magnificent in buildings, he reduced the new Caftle in Naples into the form it now appears, truly a very Royall and (lately piece of work. He enlarged Mola, and cauled the Fens about the City to be made dry. He took the Ifle of Zerki, over¬ came in battell the King of Tame and made him tributary, and fubdued certain Ci¬ ties in Ear bar] ; he oftentimes fent Armies againft the Turks, and at the inftance of the Pope chafed away Erancefco Sforfa della Marca. He was very ftudiousin lear¬ ning and made great account of learned men, whereof he kept very many m bis Court. And to conclude, he was a Prince of great magnanimity. He reigned Os¬ teen years, one moneth, and one and twenty days. He died the 28 of June m the year 1458. being 64 years of age: He had for his wife, Mary the daughter of Henri the third King of Cafiile, furnamed the Weaf, by whom he had no Chil- dern. The Neapolitans buried the body of Alfonfus with a (lately Funerall, and laid him in a Coffin covered all with cloth of gold, the which at this prefent is to be feen in the Veftryof St Dominick.™ Naples , and at the foot thereof are theft Verfes, Incljths Alfonfus^ui Regibus ortus lberis Hie, regnum Aafcnia primus aieptus adtfl- F er din undo Kingdom of 3f AT L 8 161 Ferdinando i. of Aragon i %Ki ngo f Naples. F .n r theTmnlm firft , 0 H t!liS a C ter ' he dcath of his Fittler . fucceeded AnM 1458. in the Kingdom, and was by the Inftitution of Pope Pius ihe TrZ f anointed and crowned King by Latino Orf.no the Cardinal], But vervS ten was like to lofe it through many wars.and efpeeiallv hv f 1 ■ the fonof Renato, which had a great Train and Troon of lu n ^ An & w , .tl'e Realm, which drew unto themTgreat'numbttof Rebels 6 r^ a t. 0nS fon, who dying within a while after without childre/^MathLlr™ h‘ S . brothers gence, that Charts the 8. King of France made cZiZTrt afte ™ ard ““elli- recover the Kingdom of Naples bv the rinht of P rh/^ on with a mighty Army to King Lems his father was ?* death ° f being very carefull in the preparation ofthe wa rfgrowinglcfrSe t TfV ^ rj m the year W4 . having reigned 3 5 years. 5 monethsfand 25 days. 5 fmMi Alfonfus \6 z The Hiflory of the Anno 1494 Alfonfns 2. the 19 King of Naples. Lfonfus the fecond of this name, after the death of Ferdinand his Fa¬ ther, obtained the kingdom ; and in the beginning of the fourth mo- neth was crowned in the Cathedral! Church of Naples by fohn Borgia Cardinal! of Montereale , Legate of Pope Alexander the fixth, with greater pomp and maj'efty then was ever ufed to any King of Maples, But undemanding that Charts the 8. K.of France, gave order for the pretended war, fearing becaufe he was become odious to the people of the Kingdom, through his aufterity, refigned the Kingdom to / erdinando his fon Duke of Calauria, a young than much differing front him ‘ n nature , which every one loved, andre- -tired himfelf into the countrey of Mazara ip Sicilia, being before time given unto him by Din Ferdinando the Catholique King of Spain, where he fpent the remainder of hjs fife, having reigned one year and djree days. FRANCES!. i Churls the fourth the twentieth King of Naples. Anno 1495. r>Harles de Valois the eighth of this name King of France, and fourth of the famt V-yname King of Naples, came in the beginning of fannary r 49 5. to Komi with a mighty Army. Pope Alexander full of incredible fear and anguilh, fled into Kingdom of 3fA'P LS$ n mec with him, andfoncintfcd friend^ and a^rpetuIllc^nfeV^I- P ° rit the twelfth of this name King of France, divided with the King a of Spam according to their covenants, the kingdom of Naples and oh AmU 1501 * tamed of Pope Alexander the fixth the inftalment, according to the te nor of thofc conditions which he had made. Bat in the year > e 0 a r their Lieutenants growing into difference about the Confines fell to , , , A ™ s > ac lal * ^ Frenchmen were driven out of that kingdom through the valour of that worthy Captain Confaho Fernando . and Ferdinatdo the Catholique Xing remaming abfolute pofTefibr thereof Xing Lere* held [he Realm of Naples one year and ten moneths; but in France he reigned fixteen vears and died in the beginning ofthe year 1514. " years. AKA„ 1 66 The Hiflory of the A K AG 0 N E S I. F erdinando the Catholick 2 4 Kitig of Nap les : F Erdinandttht Catholique remaining abfoltjte Lord of the kingdom,main- tained it in great peace all the time of his life, and obtained of Pope fu- lio the fecond the inverting of all the kingdom. Finally, after many vi- ftories atchieved indivers parts, he died in Madrigaleio a City of Caflile, the 22 day of January in the year 1516. having been ring of Naples twelve years and three moneths. His body was buried in the Royal Chap- pell of the City of Granata, and upon his Tomb this Infcription was engraven. JHahometica feSht proft rat ores, & baretice pravitatu exiin'chres F erdinandm Aragonurn,(r JlelUabetha CaftelU, vir , cF uxor manitnes Catholici appel- Uti .marmorco clau'duntnr hoc ttimulo. Jone the third, 2 5 Queen of Napier. Anno 15x6. T One the third of this name, daughter of Ferdinando the Catholique King, being now the widow of Philip Archduke of Auflria , fucceeded in the kingdom, and having fourteen moneths governed all her kingdoms, fubftituted her heir Charts her eldeft Kingdom of JfJTLES. i6j eldeft fon; who had fcant accomplifhed 16 years of age. charts remaining at Buffets m Flanders & being ninch exhorted by the Emperour Maximilian ins Grandlire reformed in the year 15i6.the order of the Knights of the Golden Fleece,nvA fo redu¬ ced them to the number of 31. And becaufe many through death were void, he ele- ded to the faid Order amongft others, thefe Lords, Francis 1. Adng of France , Don Ferdinand/) Infant of Spain, Emanuel Aung of ‘Portugal, Lems A'mg of Hungary, Frederick. Count Palatine , John Marquis of Brandenburgh, Charts de Lannoi Lord of Sanzelle. Moreover, Don Lodovico of Vaimonte, great Conftable of the king¬ dom of Navarre , took in Naples the potfeffion of the kingdom for die faid Queen Charts fo foon as he was inverted by the Queen his mother, failed into Spain and was received of all the people with infinite joy ; but yet many of the greatelf Nobi¬ lity, and principall of the kingdom , would not accept him as ATing, but onely as Prince, for offering wrong to the Queen lone, fince by Teftament of the Catho- lique ATing her father it was decreed, that after the death of Aw, Charts of Au¬ stria fhould fucceed : Upon the which fucceflion grew great tumults and contenti¬ ons; but in the end things were well qualified, admitting him for ATing, together with the Queen his mother, to be done with this condition, That the affairs of the kingdom fhould be governed in both their names, the money ftampt, and fo all other bufinefs whatfoever. And fo once again on the 25. of March , in the year 1517. the faid ©iieen confirmed to Charts reformer endowment. The year A enfuing the 13 of April, Charles was proclaimed Aing together with his Mother: ” B<> t * 1 ' And the 1 8 of the moneth of May Profpero Colonna took in Naples the poffertion ofthe kingdom in the name of Charts , which was done with a(*folemnity. Charts then being received to the Adminiftration of Spain , fent alfo to the adminiftrati- on of all the other kingdoms. In the year 1519. Charts elected into the number Anno 1519! imtojuu 1 s Brians cici.icu uiLu uie numoer of the ATnights of the Golden Fleece, in place of Gifmondo AT. of Folonia lately dead, C hrifterno AT. of Denmark and Frederick. of 7VcA,Duke of Alva. In the mean time died the Emperour Maximilian, and the Ele&ors of the Empire affembled ac¬ cording to their ancient cuftome, at Franc ford , a Citie of low Germany, for the eleftion of a new C efar ; and by a general confent the 18 of Jnne in the year ,520. , they chofe Emperour Charts of Auftria ATing of Spain. lone having reigned (as BB ° 1 ■’ 2 °’ we have faid) abfolutely 14 moneths, and together with Charles the 5 Emperour her fon 3 8 years, and four moneths, retired herfeif to Tordex.UU a Citie of Spain ■ where withina little while after (he ended her life the thirteenth of Aprill in the year 1555. 7he Hijlory of the 168 AVS1KIAC1. Anno 152(5; Churls i mar- rieth IfibelU ofPortugall. Anno i 5 27. The birth of Philip King of Spain. Anno 1528. Monfig.I.om'c. Co befiegeth Naples. This liege was the 29 of April 1523. Charles 5 Emperour, and 26 King of Naples. C Haris the fifth Emperour, after the death of lone his mother, remai¬ ned abfolute Lord of all his kingdoms; and being (as is faid ) elected Emperour, the fame year pail the Sea from Spain into Flanders , and from ther.ee into Germany , where he was received in the moneth of October in Acjttifgrane, a noble City both for the ancient refidence & the famous Tomb of Charts the Great, with a mighty concourfe of people wasfirft crowned. Inthe moneth of January i 526. Charts celebrated his marriage in Hijpali with ifabelia of Portugal his wife,the lifter of Xing Iohn of Portugal. Af¬ terward he went into Spain , where being arrived, proceeded very feverely againft many who had been authors of fedition; all the other he pardoned and difeharged - And to joyn with juftice and clemency examples of gratitude and remuneration in the acknowledging of that wherein he was ingaged to Don Ferdinando of Aragon , Duke of C alauraia, ( who having refufed the Crown and the kingdom of Spain offe¬ red unto him by the States thereof, though he were a prifoner) fet him at liberty, and with great honor called him to the Court, and married hun to the richeft Prin- cefs then living , even the Widow of the Catholique ATing Ferdinando , by which means he much gladded the people, and the Duke received honor, liberty, and infi¬ nite wealth,and was created for hife his time viceroy of Valentin. The Emperour wi thout any charge, or the expence of a peny, got the friendlhip of the Duke, the love of the people,and great fecurity to his State The year enfuing 1 s 27. on the 21 of May the Empcrefs Ifabelia was delivered of her fon Philip in the Citie of C a- ftilia , through whofe happy birth was made every where generall feafting and tri¬ umphs. In the moneth of Oftober 1528. the Emperour by the death of Don Car¬ lo de Lannoi, fent for his Viceroy inco Naples Don Hugo Moncada, a man very ex¬ pert in Arms, and a valiant Captain,in the which year Monfignor Odetto Fols Lotrecco went with thirty thoufand Footmen and fix thoufand Horfmen into the kingdom of Naples , in the name of Xing Frances , and overcame Me/fi , Venofa, and many other places in Bafilicata and Apulia, and with the fuccefs of vitSory befieged Naples, the which liege continuing certain moneths, in the mean time Andrea d’Oria fent the Count Philip d’Oria his Nephew with eight Gallies to annoy the Gulf of Naples ; wherewith Moncada being much difeontented, feeking to remedy the fame, he caufed to Kingdom of L 8 S. 169 to arm fix Gallies and two Foifts which were within the Haven , and putting therein the very flower and principal! of the people that were in the Citie, he in his own per- \ fon,with the Marquis oi l r aflo,AfcanioColonna great Conftable, Cefare Ferramofcd, and many other worthy men, with a refolution to encounter the enemy, and Confi- Thebattell of dently to overcome. Were imbarked there. The Count which fuddeniy perceived caiMcs wnh" the Imperiall Gallies to go forth of the Haven, retired himfelf prefently to the fed, theGcnoways. and encountring together at the Cape of Orfo , the Imperial! Forces were overcome, and there dying with many others, Don Ugo, and were taken prifoners the Marquifs V*(to, and Colonna the great Conftable, with other worthy men. The Count ob¬ taining the vidory, prefently viftorioufiy went to- G enow ay to find the Admirall An- The vilSor ! r Area his Uncle, who difdaining the dealing of the French King,becaufe he had taken d’Or?£ 1 from him the office of the Admiralty and Generali of the Sea, and given it to Mots- ftgmr Barbigios ; he agreed by the means of Vaflo with the Emperour, and brought Aadt d - 0rU . ( Genotvay and Savona under his Crown. Whereupon he went with all expedition into icaveth the the kingdom in the behalf of the Emperour, and difchafged the French Army which ferviceof die , lay at the fiege of Naples. Afterward Charts made peace with the French King, frncb King, and gave him for wife the Lady Elirnra : and the King forfook B arietta , and that ,he,aufe which he held in the kingdom of Naples, and payed to the Emperour for a fine, one million and two hundred thoufand crowns, and yeilded up unto him all the right and w ”|j c [JJ* e poffeffion that he held in the Dukedom of Millane and the kingdome of Naples. French King, , The Emperour having ended Ins peace, went by Sea to Genoway ; from thence he pad to Bolonia, where in the moneth of February 1530. was by Pope Clement the fe- venth, which was come thither with his whole Court to that effed,and was folemnly yinn0 crowned with the Imperiall Crown. Afterward the Emperour departed from Bo- C h„i s the Ionia,Si went into Germany, and what he afterward did there, is written in Hiftories. crowned £m. 1 In the year 1535 .Charts having made a voyage to Tunis , & there fubdued Moleajfon pcrour. the lawfull King of the Moores, and made him his Feudary with certain conditions. 1 Anno 1535. i went into Sicilia. From whence afterward he departing, came to Naples the 23 of The enterpofe November in the fame year, and entred in,in triumphant manner ; where were made 01 • " , himby the Citie many triumphant Arks and huge ColofTes, with divers and learned Cfar/x the fifth Inventions. Charts remained with great delight in feafting and tilting all that Win- f^ph '"hroueh ter in Naples ; where undemanding that the French King was entred into Italy Naples, Novem. with his Army, and notknowing to what end and purpofe , was much moved and 23. >535. difpleafed with him, went to Borne, and fo proceeded in his JoUrnie. But at length the Emperour becoming a mortified man, and growing into contempt of the world, being unwiliing to fultain any longer the heavy burthen of the Empire, wifely deter¬ mined to renounce it: And to that end having caufed all the Knights of the order ' of the Golden Fleece to aftemble at Brufe/s,tend all the States of the Low Countries, the firft thing he did the 25 of October in the year 155s. he made King Philip his Tlte r n , fon head of the Knights of the Golden Fleece, and after dinner folemnly refigned unto on madeby him all Flanders, with the other States, and Titles, and right of Burgony, deten- churls 5. of his ding unto him from his predecefTors. Not long after the Emperour continuing his kln K do "> to determination, refigned and renounced in like manner in Brutfels to the forenamed Ph “' e his fo,w King Philip , the kingdom ot Spain , Sicilia, Majarica, Minorica , with the new Countries called America, and the new world , referving onely certain rents and re- \ venues to fuftain himfelf and his family, reduced to a fmall number of fervants. His T ] le refienati- Majelly alfo giving not onely full and abfolute power to the King of the Romans his on of the £m- brother, to govern and rule (as fome write,) the Empire in fiis place, but alfo freely pi is made by refigned the Title, the Scepter, and Imperiall Dignity. So Cefar voluntarily depri- ' ke ^perour ved himfelf of his Monarchy, a thing truly worthy of confideration, that from the C ar/s 5 ' Emperour Lotharios till this prefent, never in fo many ages chanced the like, al¬ though Amur at h the great Turk refigned'the Empire of Conftantinople to Mahumet liisfon. In September 1 j Charts departed from Bruffels with a great Fleet to- yjnnt ies(5 wards carrying with him Queen Elinor and Queen Mary his fitters, and fo 1 failing with fair weather and a profperous wind, they foon arrived in fafety. Churls conftantly perfevering in his purpofe, retired himfelf to the Monaftery of of St. ? ri¬ ft 0, neer to the village called Sciarandiglia eight leagues from the Citie of Piacenza in the Realm of CafHle, where living godly, and with great devotion, he ended his Z dayes 170 T he Hijlory of the ■ dayes the 21 of Septemberin the year 1558, being of the age of 58 years, having T, he of ru ied even to the time of his renunciation 37 years, 2 moneths,and 3 dayes the Etn- Amo ilV' pire, and 37 years and 8 moneths the kingdom of Naples, which he refigned to his fon Philip. He was married (as is before declared ) to IfabelU\ of Portugal!, the filler of John Xing of Portugall, by whom he had the Catholique Xing Philip, and two daughters, the one called the Lady Mary, which with the Popes difpenfation was The wife and married to Maximilian King of Bohemia, the fon of the Emperour Ferdinands his Chari?" ° f brother. The other called the Lady lone, was efpoufedto John the King of Portu¬ gal* fon. He had children by another natural! means, as Don Iohn, and Margarita, which was firlt married to Alexander de Medici Duke of Florence, and afterward to Ottavio Fernefe Prince of Parma and Piacenza. Upon the Supulcherjof this invin¬ cible Emperour, are engraven thefetwo Epitaphs. 1. L lquifii exuviae gelido fub marmore,fed non Quantum eras Cxfar marmor, dr urna capit. '■ Pro tumulo ponat orbem,pro tegmine caelum, Pro facibus flellat,pro Imperio Empireon. 2 . Non aurumpton marmor erunt, non gemmated omnis Carole terra tui corporis urna decent, Conteget immenfum quantum patet undique caelum, Sol tibi funerea pro face lumine erit, P roque tua memorifama, pro nomine fiabit Mitcrnum tempus,quod tuafatta notet. Natura ejfundat lachrpm.u,element a gemifcent. Perptient tumulum vix fatu ifta tuum. Philip of Auftria 27 King 0 f Naples. Anno 1 554 - ™ , which ^igneth wi, of the kingdom of ferufa/em by the En^ero^his^pTther ^'byte^on of^:he'enftiir marriai i7 1 Kingdom of A T LES. marriage between him and Queen Man r of England , he fent in his name to Na¬ ples the Marquefs of Pefcara to take the pofleilion of the kingdom. Afterward in the year 1556. Pope ‘Paul the / fourth entring in, invaded Marc Antonio Colonna of Paliano , and fpoyled the reft of his eftate , and mini- ftred occafion of War to the King Whereupon the Duke of Alva the Kings Lieutenant, with an Army of twelve thoufand Footmen, and fifteen hundred Horfmen, invaded the Dominion of the Church, and the war enfued, called war of Campania if Rome,which continued a year. Afterward peace was concluded between the Pope and the King. In the mean time Queen Mary the wife of King Philip died, without leaving any children. The Xing after many controverfies had with Henry the fecond Xing of France, made peace with him in the year 15 5 9- And for a greater confirmation thereof,and true reconciliation, the Catholique Xing married lfahetta the daughter of the moft Chriftian Xing,who died in child-bed in the year 1568. The Xing fearing the want of iflue in the year 1570 married Anna the eldeft Anno 1S7O. daughter of the Emperour Maximilian, who died in the year 1580. and left be- ' hinde her a Son called by the Fathers name, ‘Philip the fecond,which liveth, and / ' is now Xing of Spain. Psalm 19. Domitie falvum fac Regent , <&• exaudinos in die qua invocaverimus te. Z a The ‘The Hiflory of the ■fhe Titles of Dignity which all the Kings of this Kingdom haveufed. i D Ogerius Dei gratia Sicilia, & Italia'Rex, CbriJHanorum adjutorf.&.cljpeus Y\.Rogeriiprimi Comitishares, & fillies. ■ ... ■ 2 Guhelmus Dei gratia Sicilia Rex, & Chriftsanorum defenfor. 3. Gulielmus 2. Divinafavente dementia Rex Stesha , Apulia Dux & pnnceps Capua, religions Chrlftiana adjutor& defenfor.tkc. 4. Tancredus D- gratia Sicilia Rex, ac Aletii Comes- 5! Henrtcus 6. Dei gratia invidijfimus Romamrum Imp.lfemper Auguftus ac Si- Cll> tamperator Frederick 2. Romamrum Cafar femper Auguftus Italian Siculus, Hierofoljmitanus Arelatenfis foelix viftor, ac triumphator. 7. Conradus 4. Divinafavente dementia, eldius Romanorum lmperatorfemper Au- ruftus, ac Sicilia, & Hierufalem rex. 8. Manfredus D. G. Sicilia & Hierufalem rex, ac Tarenti pnnceps 9. Carolus Dei gratia rex Hierufalem, Sicilia, Ducat us Apulia, & principatut Capua,alma urbis Senator, pnnceps Achaia,Andagavia, was the firft that was crowned with an Imperiall Crown,King of both the Sicilies. The Kings of Naples are written facred RoyalMajefty. See the Glofs in the Pre¬ ambles of the Conftitution of the king¬ dom in the lecond colum. I Have thought it a thing very fit and convenient, having declared what the Kings were of this noble and renowned kingdom, to receive alfo the manner and the ceremony which is ufed in the time of their coronation. But before I proceed apy further,it is to be underftood, that there are but only four Zings that are crowned and anointed by the order of the Pope, as is noted in the Records of theRoman Church, the which Albcnco de Rofato alio confirmed), which are thefe following , the Zing"of lerttfalem, the Zing of trance ,* the Zing of Na¬ ples, commonly called Sicilia, and the Zing of England. All the reft are crowned by their Archbifhops or Bifhops by a certain cuftome. The Emperour is anointed and crowned in the fame manner as are the faid four Zings, and therefore all the o- ther Zings are called by the name of Highnefs, and not Mayfly , except thofe that are annointed by the order of the Pope , as isfaid. In the coronation then of the Zing of Naples the Pope fendeth a Cardinall his Legate, or a Patriarch, but he muft have holy Orders, becaufe the faid Legate not having the faid holy Orders, another ought to come which hath the faid dignity. There alfo affembles (according to the accuftomed manner) all the Archbifhops of the kingdome , which crown this Prince with the greateft pompi and ftate that may be done to any Chrifti- anKing. The principall thing before the Zing taketh this dignity, the feven Offi¬ cers of the kingdom, which are feven principall fecular Lords, that meet together at this coronation, are cloathed in Purple, lined with Ermins, with very rich attires up¬ on their heads, and repair together with the Recorder of the Citie into the Cathe- drall Church of Naplesynhete is the ancient Tomb of Charls of Angio, which was the firft that was crowned with an Imperiall crown, andinvefted King of both the Sicilies and Jerttfalem; and there the Apoftolike Legate,with the other Archbifhops pontifically clothed with Miters and Rochets, and the other Prelats in Purple Vefl- ments, attend the Zings coming at the Church Dorc. Afterward when the Zing cometh that is to be crowned, he entreth into the faid Church, accompanied with all the Princes, Dukes, Marquefes,' Earls, Barons and Lords of the kingdom, and the Legat fuddenly killing his forehead, receiveth him , and faith unto him with an high and intelligible voyce thefe words, I am come by the appointment of the fnpream Btjhop tope N. to crown thee King of Naples and ferufalem. After the Archbifhop with the other, that have charge to fay Service in the faid Church, receive the Zing at the Altar, and there caufing him to kneel down, and after is made by the Arch¬ bifhop of Naples, of Capoa, and of Salerno , devout prayers for his Majefty, one of the Bifhops demandeth of him in Latin, if he will promife to maintain always the Faith and Chriftian Religion ? Defend the Widows, the Fatherlefs, and the Poor ? Eftablifh the kingdom, and minifter juftice to every one ? And laft of all, if he will always yeild due honor to the fupream Bifhop ? To all which things the Zing an- fwering. He will, two Archbifhops take him by the arm, and lead him to the Altar, where he folemnly fweareth to obferve all that which the Archbifhop hath demanded of him. This done, the Archbifhop of Naples demandeth with a loud voyce of all the Princes, if they will promife loyalty and fervice to his Majefty ? Where being anfwered by all. That they wiU very 'Willingly. Then two Archbifhops lead him into the Veftry, and being there apparelled with Sandalles, richly fet with Jewels and Pearls, with a Surplice like a Minifter, and a Cope, lead him again to the Altar, and faying certain prayers, die Cardinall Legate accompanied with the Arch¬ bifhops, rifing from their feats with Miters on their heads, go unto him, and finding the Zing kneeling, with a loud and folemn prayer recommend him unto God, in whofe hands are all Empires, that it would pleafe him to make his kingdom liable and perpetuall, replenifhed with viftory, piety, and honor. The Zing remaining oh his knees, one of the Archbifhops goethto the Altar, andbeginneth the Letany, and devoutly prayeth for his Majefty,the Archbifhop of Naples,with the reft of the Bi- fbops. ! 'I Kingdom of Of AT L 8 S„ l?5 nifie. The Royall purple 'Jobe fignifierh Cha¬ rity, (hops undoing his Surplis, with certain zealous prayers, anoint his (houlders and his right arm, to fignifie , that he fuftaineth the burthen of the affairs of the kingdom, what the an- anddraweth his fword for the confervation thereof: And moreover, the Royall nointing of purple Robe reaching down even to his foot, lined with fables, and richly embrodc- £ e 'H"® 5 red with gold and pearl, lignifieth Charity. That done, he flill remaining in devout UX Jlf meditation , the Apoftolick Legat Handing , the King kneeling before him, deli- " vereth into his hand the golden Scepter, all wrought in the top with Pearls and Jew¬ els, wherewith religio.ufly he commands the people. Then he puts a naked Sword into his right hand , wherewith he purfueth his enemies in the name of thrift. Af¬ ter that he puts a Ringon his finger , and a Bracelet upon’his arm, to the end he maybe faithfulland pure in good works. Then he prefenteth unto him the golden TnUm Hojlili- Apple,to figure the kingdome, which he ought to govern with lingular piety ver- S' - King of tue,and perleverance. And finally, he puctech upon his head the Imperial Crown, haTovtrcome divided into two parts, garnilhed with many Jewels, to fignifie honor and glory,' the Etrufci, The King religioufiy remaining on his knees, the three Archbiftiops lifting him up, was the firl’t lead him to the Altar.where again the Lords that have .the 7 offices of die kingdom! K ,! ng tha ‘ , ufcd caufe him to fwear to do the duty of a good Prince, and to obferve the priviledges !obe. PUrp ' C & immunities Of the Citie and .Kingdom. Afterward they, lead him to fit on the Th r ,, - left hand not far from the Legate in a chair of ftate covered with cloth of gold, and Sceprer&che the Legate with a loud voycc proclaimeth him King of Naples and ferufalem : And fword,the one the feven officers of the kingdom, with the Recorder,in token of obedience kifle his fignifiech that hand , and the like is done by the Princes and Nobility of the kingdom he . comma nd- Thefe ceremonies finilhed, the King recciveth the Communion, where begins to wdcteorW found the Organs, Trumpets,Cornets, and other Inftrunpents, difeharging the Ar- tfot he purfe- tillery, and making great triumph and joy ; and fo Mafs being ended, the King ufeth tth the «w- to inveft many Lords into their States. The King being mounted upon his horfe entteth under the Canopy embrodered with gold, in the top whereof gently wave up and down the Kings Arms, both of the Kingdom, of the Citie, and of the Pro- Th „ vinces, carried by men of dignity and honor, which at one and the fame time SiK fucceedm their honors and In their labours. Then beginneth the order of the pomp fignifie faith and ftate to march forward ; the which I will omit to declare , left I fhould feem too and P urir >'' tedious, leaving it to every one to confider thereof And this great King is exempted from the Empire, neither acknowledged he any fuperior being a feudift of the Church, the which Andrea d' Sormia confirmed! in his ( Preambles concerning tribuce in the ninth column.- and likewife Mattheo A’Afflinofic many other worthy Lawyers difeourfe thereof,the which the molt fay,that the King • of Naples is one of the aforefaid four Kings that are anointed, and crowned by the , order of the Pope Befides,he goeth beforcthe eledted Empcrotir being notcrowned- M becaufe that before his coronation he is called King of the Romans : but being anoirv ned wi'th“n * ted and crowned, he is then called the Roman Emperour. Moreover, the faid four Imperial! kings do not follow behind the Emperor, as other kings that are fubj'eft to him but crown, go by his fide; whereby it appeared, that the King of Naples is one of the great I Kings of the world, as well in dignity as honor of the Empire, therefore I dink it not much expedient to take any great pains in expreflmg it, fince the reputation thereof is well known to all that have any experience in learning. Sufficient is , faid hereof, for the Emperour Charts the 5. in the year 1554. marrying his firft be¬ gotten fon Philip Prince of Spain, to Queen Mary of England , would not invert . him with any other Title, then the kingdom of Naples and ferufalem, to the end he fhould not be inferior to fo great a Queen. And fo much concerning the corona¬ tion of the Kings of Naples. mics in the name of Cbrift. The Ring and The Apple fig- nifieth the Kingdom. The Crown declareth gloCy. The King of Naples is crow- vj6 The Hifiory of the A brief Difcourfe of the Kings of fS%VSALEM ; Beginning from Godfrey^ where is (hewed the true caufe, why the Kings of Naples are intituled to that Kingdom. T tte fubj’eft of this Difcourfe we have here to handle, requireth that I alfolhew and declare the reafon and caufe by what right all the Kings of Naples have been intituled to the kingdom of prufalem , a difcourfe both for the greatnefs and excellency of the matter, wor¬ thy to be known; from the true undemanding whereof, every one may evidently fee and perceive the great dignity and honor of the Kings of Naples , and by what right and title the faid kingdom more juftly be¬ longed to them then any other. For the better knowledge whereof it is neceflary I briefly begin from the firft Chriftian King of that kingdom.- In the year of Chrift 1099. the Chriftians having begirt Jertsfalem with a flrong Atm 1099. fiege, after the thirtieth day took it with a great effufion of the enemies blood, and Godfrey-of an d the firft that mounted the walls was Godfrey of Butlen, Duke of Lottringi* and oaere'th'Jeru- Loven, the which he valiantly conquering, gave the fpoyl thereof to Baldwin his Salem. brother .Count of Bolonia, who aflailing one of the Gates, furpnzed the enemies Baldwin the therein. ’ This being done the 15 of July, the Chriftians bellowed eight whole days brother of i n vifiting the holy Sepulcher, and other facred aad religious places. After this Godfrey" crea- they advanced the faid Godfrey by a generall confent and decree to the Royall ted King of Throne, who accepting the dignity and government of the faid citie, yet utterly re- Jerufaleni. f u fed to be crowned, faying. It was not fit for him to wear a crown of gold,when the The wonder- jq n g 0 f .Kings had but one of thorns. This good King reigning but one whole fUl MaWmitv year, what through the toil and labour of the pafTed war, or the diftemperature of of Godfrey/ the a’ir, died of a Fever, and was buried with generall lamentation in the facred The death of Temple of that moft holy Sepulcher,in that very place of Calvary where Chrift our Godfrey. Redeemer was crucified. This Godfrey was the firft who for his Enfign or Arms of the faid kingdom had not a Crofs, (as commonly it was fuppofed) but a name abbre¬ viated by two great Letters in a field Ar. which letters were an H with this let¬ ter I, which being joyned together, made this Mark or Cnara&er, The Arms »f which fignified the name of the Citie and kingdom of Jertsfalem, .]erufalem in- Tr] Itt* and the four corners of the faid letters or name abbreviated , were vented by rq n I charged with four CrofTets Or, the which Arms though they were Godfrey. -fy 11 JA. compounded of metall upon metall,that is to fay, of gold and 111 - "CiVT" ver, yet they were onely priviledged amongftall other Arms what¬ soever Kingdom of Sf.AT L E S. 177 foever, becaufe Godfrey with the content and general! agreement of' all the Nobility that were with him at the compete of the holy Land, did wholly condefcend to bear the fame, csprefimg by thefe two letters of gold the name of Jerufalcm Where¬ fore it is no marvell it (now-a-da\s) they tail in the true form of thefe Royal Armes, and the proper fignification, being ignorant of the meaning and myftery thereof’ befides age altciing the ufe, and ignorance Lr.crealing, they knowing them no other- wife but by the outward fhew of the figure, taking it to be a crofle,not markino the truth thereof, nor to what purpofe Godfrey put the other four Crofters, if one onely would have fufficed? Therefore we may think thefe Arms were not invented of fo BMnindeEur- wifea King by chance and adventure, but refolved upon with great judgment and" larl of dilcrction. Having now made a 'little digreffion , though very neceflary for the 2 King purpefe, I will return where before I left. of f:rufktctn. Alter the death oi Godfrey, was Baldwin beforefaid Count of Ed, fa bis brother , made King of Jerufalem m ins place, which was a man of great valor, for he wan the TKKd.L Citieof Tibertadein G title. Siden, Ac caron, and many more upon the Sea- from whence * coait, and with the help ot the Genowajs and Venetians afterward overcame ih * Tobias ienchjs th ong Citie o iTclomaiii, hehadalfo the Cable of Sob all, which Hands upon the fon toGaheffui ' river of Jordan , and did much increafe Ins dominion. At length having reigned 18 nJdlm'tht years, ended his lne without children, and was buried in the fame Sepulcher .with his Apofik-wa. brother. By the death ot Baldwin, was Baldwin the tecond of Burgee in trance converted to made King by the generall content of the Chrifiians, who was coufin germain to the’ thc Chri,rtUu two atorefaid Kings of Jerufalcm ; and in the tecond year of his reign, the Prince f *“ h ‘ of the Turks in Afia minor, coming upon Gaza with a mighty Army, ’he valiantly T , encountred, overcame, and took him prifoner And in the year following, the King jC/rtolo “ of Damafco fuddenly bcliegec' the gates of Jerufalcm with fifteen thoufan’d fightin^ men : Baldwin couragioully ifliiing out, and valiantly charging them , at length put them to flight.and flew two thoufand of them, and took their King with a thoufand prifoners, and loft but onely thirty men. Not long after, Balacb King of the Par- Baldwin taken thians arriving with a mighty Army, encountred with Baldwin hand to .hand over- P Hfonc,r came him,and carried him prifoner to Cairo, with many Chriftian Noble men But at length Baldwin with the faid Chriftian Nobility, were releated with the payment of a great fum of money, and the King returned to JernfAems where reigning thir- ,-m mo teen years, died without iffiic Male • and FulE Count of Any,,, his fon-in-law, fuc- King of y*“ ceeded him in the kingdom, who had married his daughter Mel'efma againft whom /«/«'>. the Barbarians durft never move any war, becaufe of his two fons Baldwin and Ai¬ mer,cb, expert and valiant fonldiers, who being nnployed as Deputies in his affairs executed many great {laughters on the Turks. After this valiant King had reigned’ it years running m hunting after a Hare his horfe falling with liis head downward. The death of died nretently. Whereupon hrs fon Baldwin the Great, and third of this name was IWAw. the s , made King, who took Afcalon and Gaza, ancient Cities, and gave them to the Knights ofthe Temple. Baldwin performing other famous and worthy deeds of Arms, after he had reigned 24 years, died, and was buried in the holy Temple with the other Kings, and Aimer,ch his brother fuccedea in the kingdom avalianf man, who had many conflifts with the Turks, and took the Citie of Alexandria in Es/ t cAigyp. Afterward he went againft the great and mighty Citie Cairo called in an- ' cienc time Carra, and befieged ,t ; and being very likely to win it, notwithstanding through the mitigations ot the Citizens, received a great fum of money ■ left the fieee and returned again to Jerufalem zni not long after died, having rcigne 12 years’The death of leaving behind him three children, Baldwin, SjbiUdf xcAlfabetta • to whom iucceedea m his kingdom Baldwin the fourth of this name, his firit becotten who though he had the leprolie, notwidi(landing he did very valiantly and politicly go- yern the kingdom,and having no wife, yet becaufe the Realm fliould not want a fu ffi- cent her to fucceed him he .named his After Mel to mil,am Longfpatb, Marouel T of Mcntfcrrato • and Ifabell his youngeft lifter he promited with Jewels & Treifiire rr> Erfrando of Tours, Governor of the Rhodeses Marquefs had the govern- Master* of ment of Ierufalcm ; but being a weak A' impotent King, did notwithstanding many Mmlru'oti,* famous and worthy needs ; but lie little enjoyed the benefit of his victories for that Gov ‘">™ c « in the beginning of the tecond year of his reign he died,and left after him one onely > “ J ’ Aa fon 1 78 The Hi fory of the foil, called Baldwin: Baldwin the King being defirous to provide for his Nephew, married again his After Sybe/l to Guy of Pnite Lubrun, fonof Hugh Lubrun Duke of Alercbia and Governor of Lufignon in France, with this agreement, that after his death the laid Guy fhould govern the kingdom till Baldwin his Nephew were of fufficient age. But Guy carrying himfelf haughty and over-proud in the government of the faid kingdom, was difmilt again by Baldwin the King: This was in the year 1183. Moreover, he procured Pope Lucius the third to annoint and crown his Ne¬ phew King Baldwin the fifth being but a child, and appointed him Bertrand Count The death Of of Tripoly his Governor and protedor of the kingdom. Thus King Baldwin the Baldwin tile 4- fourth reigning 6 years died,leaving Count Tripoly Tutor (as is faid) of young Bald¬ win the fifth ; but he refigning his charge, being withftood by Sjbel the mother of The death of the Boy, and Guy her husband .- But in the beginning of the eighth moneth the little BaWmin the 5. king Baldwin died; whofe death the mother concealed fo long,as the effecting of her intended purpofe required, infomuch that what with flattering and fair words, and with large gifts (he wan the Patriark Erdclio, with the Nobility and principal men of authority in the kingdom,to create Guy her husband King. The Count underftaning this, fuming thereat,being incenfed with rage, and envying the profperity of Guy, made peace with Salandine Xing of the Sarafins , proroifing to aid him againft Xiiio Guy. The Salandine being now at peace with the Chriltians, found opportunity by the difeord of thefe Princes to break it; becaufe the Chriftian Prince oiMont- reale, which governed the countrey from that to the river Iordan, being on every fide inhabited with Sarafins who continually carried their commodities to Ierufalem without the Kings knowledge, fuddenly brake the truce; for the Salandine faw the time was now come which he long expefted , affembied together fifty thoufand Horfmen, and an infinite company of Footmen without number, and got many cities of the Chriuians, and increafing their Army with the people of the coun trey cook Jcrufilem ra- Ierufalem by covenant after they had befieged it one moneth. This was done the fe¬ lt™ by the cond ofOEobcr 1187m the third yeare of Xing Guy, having been in the pofldlioh Soldan. of the Chriftians 89 years. Salandine entring Ierufalem ,caufed firft the fteeples and bells to be thrown down, and of the Churches he made ftables for his horfes onely he reierved the Temple of Solomon, which was wafhed with Rofe-water at his fiilt entrance. Aftei watd he went to 7 olomuyda and befieged it j wherein was the King and Sjbel his wife, wkh four children, who with the children died together of a bloody flux. Now (as we have faid before) was promifed to Erfrando of Tuyoh Matter of the Rhodes, a noble young man, Jfabel to wife, the filter of Sjbel a vir- gin, and alfo> the daughter of Baldwin the fourth, and fixth Xing of Ierufalem who oAiii Kst f hP aF C..L.I .... l, -I.. . . I. . r . i ■- . ° __ J 1 to Kingdom of JfATLES. 179 to the kingdom of Jerufalem ; and for this caufe the King of Em land began ttfbe called King ofjerujalem j and King Guy took the polTellion of Cyprus and was cal¬ led King ot the faid Kle. The which right to the kingdom of Jerufalem was no¬ thing, becaule the fame by all law nowjuftly belonged to Jfabel the daughter of King Baldwin, wife of Conrado Marquefs of Monferrato ; therefore Can no right or title be attributed to the King of England herein. Not long after the King Conra- do of Monferrato was flam in Tyre by two Saratjns called Arfacides not leaving a- The delrh ° l ny male cluldren,but one onely daughter called Mary. The Queen 'Jfabel married 8 again, and had to her husband HenryXiownt of Campania, who indowed her with the Signjory of Tyre : but that unhappy young man, living not many years with his VfZd of wife, unfortunately fell from a loft or chamber in his own Palace, andfo died, lea- of ciampania. vtng thiee daughters, Bgnefa, AJeliftna, and Alicia. Queen Ijabel remaining thus a widow,married again the third time with Almenckjmte Lubrun Lufitnon, King of Almeriek. King Cyprus, who by the death of Guy his brother, lucceeded in the faid kingdom and of c W m > the was fecond King of Cyprus ; and in the right of Jfabell his wife was alfocalledKing ' h ' r f d , h ; usb » I!d of Jerufalem, by whom he had three children, Amarin, SybUla and Melifenda but ° Amarin died young. King Almerukm&mcd Sybil to Liven, King of Armenia■ and Mejifenda theiyoungeft daughter was married to Raymond Rupini, Nephew of the faid King of Armenia , and his fucceffor in the kingdom ; the which Raymond was then Prince of Antioch. Of this Melifenda wife of Prince Raymond Rupini, was born that Mary , who in the year 127 6 , reiigned to Charts of Anjou King of Naples the claim and Title fhe pretended to the kingdom of Jerufalem. At length King Al- merick. died, leaving his kingdom of Cyprus to Hugo his fon , whom he had by a former wife , the which Hugo not long after the death of his Father , married Ifa¬ bell the daughter of Henry Count of Ciampania, and of his ftepmother; and not long after the death of AlmerickjSdei alfo the Queen 1 fab el his wife, who by her will and teftament bequeathed the kingdom of Jerufalem to Mary ’her daughter, whom (he had by Conrado of Monferrato her firft husband, recommending the tui¬ tion of her to the fociety of the Hofpitalers and Tcmplers, whom (he appointed her Guardians or Overfeers. Afterward in the year 1222 John Count of Brenne com- 7hnr ,, ing to Rome, having the title of King of Je rufalem, by the right of Mary his wife, Brenne wL daughter (as is beforelaidy of King Conrado of Montferr at being much honored, nude com- and prefented to the Pope, going to Pifato procure aid for his enterprife into Soria P Jnion of lhe gave to the Emperour Frederick.the (econd King of Naples lately excommunicated (but now reconciled to the Church) his onely daughter called dole to wife, whom he J " 3 ' P had by Mary his wife, and in dowry with her all the right and title he had to the kingdom of Jerufalem. Whereupon Frederick_, and all other that fucceeded him in the kingdom of Naples, were called Kings of Jerufalem. And this is one of the reafons why all the Kings of Naples are inverted with the title of Jerufalem. Af¬ terward Frederick^ in the time ok Gregory the ninth, in the year 1228,being as it were inforced, went into Soria, yet managed his affairs with fuch power and authority, The £m P'- that he agreed to conclude a peace with the Soldian for ten years, who reftored unto’ rc f r h h T a er ' c r k - him Jerufalem, with all the territories and kingdom thereof, except fome few little Cattles: Whereupon the Ea/ler following in the year 1229. he was crowned in Je¬ rufalem, and caufed the Citie of Joppa now called Zaffo, to be repaired and newly re- edified. The Emperour fetling and fecuring all things to his content,returned home into his kingdom ; and in glory of fo great triumph and vidory, brought with him Elephants, Panthers, Dromedaries, Leopards, White Bears, Lyons, Linxes, or fpotted beafts. After this the kingdom of Naples and Sicil came into the power and jurif- di Aion of Charts of Anjou Count of Provence, for the right and title that his prede- ceffors had, defeended to him aslawfull King thereof. But Fortune willing to con- Anno 12(9. firm and eftablifh his right, without any croffe encounter, it came to paffe that Hugo Vuite Lubrun Lufignon the fecond of chis name King of Cyprus, married Alicia the third daughter of 1 fab el Queen of Jerufalem,uni. of Count Henry of Ciampaaniit ; the which thing difeontenting the Princefs Mary daughter of Melifenda and Ray- ?” his H *t° fo * mend Rupini, Prince of Antioch 2nd Borgne, complained much of Zing Hugo, that vator'was c"l- being her kinftnan, would ufurp the title which was her right by Melifenda her mo- led the Greet. ther being the fecond daughter, and not Alicia his wife, who was the third begot- A a 2 ten, iSo ‘The Hiflory of the Jerufalem, ten. Hugo not oneiy little elteemed her complaints,but alfo otherwife did ill intreat her. Whereupon the dildainfull Princefs Mary came to Rome, pretending her righc to the aforefaid kingdom of jerufalem astheNeece of Queen 1 fab cl the daughter of AlmerkkjCMoxi.il Xing oft he laid kingdom, (ummoned Xing Hugo before the Pope, and fo began the ftir and contention of the tide and poflefiion of the faid king¬ dom : The matter being much debated by the Ambaffadors of Xing Hugo, who knowing it to be far more available for them to have the deciding and determining of the caufe committed to die Barons and Nobility of the holy Land ; The Pope at the firft inftance referred the judgement and deciding of the matter to the Patriark of Jerufalem, the Mahers of the Hofpitall and the Temple, and other the Barons and Nobility of the holy Lard, who were wont to have a voyce in Councell, and eletfti- M th- on c ^e ^-‘ n 8 s °l Jerufalem ; die which the Princefs Mary perceiving,being a we¬ ll aughitr of man of great age, weary and irkfom of travell, and the perils of fo long a journey, Meli]endu,3ud being advifed by her friends, agreed with Charts of Anjou, receiving ot him a great of Rairntnd gi- f um c f money/enounced ali her right and title, and refigned wholly unto him all her mK Charts * ncerc11 whatfoever to the kingdom of lerstfultm, confirming the feme by authencick and foleron writings, which was in the year 1276. Wherupon Charts afterward by King Charts of mcMS of tllc Po P e , was proclaimed by lawful fentence, Xing of chat Realm,as well Aniio is pro- by the ancient right of the Emperour Frederick^, as alfo that of Mary ; Infomuch claimed law. that by die reafons aforefaid it plainly appeareth, that the right and title of the king- full King of d om of Ierufalem lawfully belongeth to the .Kings of Naples, and to none ocher; and fo the fuppofed dries both of the .King of England, and alfo of the King of Cyprus, are little or of no worth. Wherefore I do not a little marvell that this kft right and title was unk nown both to P andelfo Coltmtuccio, that writ a brief Epi¬ tome of die kingdom of Naples, and alfo to Iacobo Maimlda, who coropofed that Book of the tide of Philip Xing of Spain, Naples and Jerufalem, feeing the Hiftorv is fo apparent. But to return to the matter. Churls for the better fecurity of his af¬ fairs, fent fuddenly the Count Ruggier Sanfeverin Governor into the holy Land r«*rWe„tio who t J ° L ° kan ° ath ° f the *“§*“* of ^ Temple, and Barons of the Realm, of feall govern jeruri- ty snd homage in the name of Churls: and io Xing Churls enjoyed not onelv the 1cm faid Realm, but alfo by the means of Ruggier and other Captains, held a great part of «-r£gypt. And we have often underftood of many brethren of St Francis and o- therperions worthy credic that have been in 1 erufalem and in other places’ in ^£- gypt, that in many ftately buildings in thofe places, there is yet feen the Arms of Xing C hurls, the which doe manifeftly fhew the great power and valorof that eood Xing. But fince occafion is now offered me,it will not be amifs if I fhew what the Arms of the kingdom of Naples are, although we have writ thereof .at full in the book of the life of the Xings of Naples ; but being rather enforced through the envv of fome who have written concerning the Arms of the faid kingdom, and briefly Jl courft thereon. The Enfign or Arms then of this molt noble kingdom is a Field Azure, replemfhed with Flour de bees Or, which at firft was charged with a LaheU of four points gules,being carried as the imprefs of Charts the firft of Aaron with rh Motto or Emblem, Noxias HerbeC^Vi time he came to the winning of the kingdom ofiV^and to expell and drive away Xing Manfred e nemy to the Church whom he overcame and flew. C hurts in remembrance of fo happy a vidorv beaurifieflX kingdom with thefe Arms,holding that field and flour de lices withlhe Labeft for a particular Arms in memory of the faid happy vidory 1 10 Stopping the mouths of thofe envious backbiters, wlm fey the Arms of this Noble kingdom, was an Afs devouring las old formture or trappings upon him looked back ward for ne W ,roeanmg thereby the inftab.l.ty of this happy kingdom lovm* alwavs newGovernors like die Afles figure,which was deviled bygrols A fees todiftonor and d,feted,rthis nohle kingdom ; but it is certain this little kingdom hath fuftained g eat oppreflion, they imputmg ,t to no other fenfe, have feigned this Afinme fim- plicicy ■ which feymg the envious have not ftuck to publifh in books Ruggieri San* The Arms of the kingdom of Naples. Manner Kingdom of V^ATLES, To the Emperour of CJonftancinople. be; Ill Slit I To the moll renowned and moll excellent Lord Drage Paleologo Emperour of the Romans, for ever royal), our moll dear kinfaan. The fubfaipcion was as above. To Prefer John of India. To die moll eminent and moll unconquerable Monarch- Lord Jfaack P relbr fonnof David , Lord of die Tables, Mount Sinai, Ethiopia, King of Kings out' moll dear brother. The liiblcription in the manner aforefatd. ^ ’ To the gnat Turk. > n. T o the moll renowned Prince Amor at Bechi, great Lord of the Theucrians our molt dear friend. ^ ’ To the great So/dan of Babylon. To the moll IUuftrious Prince Abuyfac Jamac , great Soldan of Babylon. To the King of France. To the moll renowned Prince Charts Xing of the French, our moll loving kinf- man and friend. To the King of England. To the moft renowned Prince Henry, King of England, our moft dear kinfman and friend. To the King of Cyprus. To the moll worthy Prince John -Xing of Cyprus, our moll dear kinfman and friend. To the King of Cafiile and Leon. . - To the moll renowned and IUuftrious Prince, Don Henrich Xing of Caftiieand Leon,our very dear and very loving Coufin, To the Queen of Arragon. To the moft illuilrious Queen, our moil dear and moft beloved Wife and Lieu- tenantefs generall. ’ To the King of Portugali. To the very Iluftrious Prince Don esflfonfo Xing of Portugall and Algorue, our very dear and well-beloved Coufin. To the King of Navarre. To the moft IUuftrious Prince Don lohn Xing of Navarre, our very dear and much beloved Brother and Lieutenant Generali. To 181 Manner of writing ufed by the Arragonian Kings of Naples writing to divers Princes. L J K ing Alphonfo to the Emperour ofGermany,was wont to write in Parchment l « th'infrafcribed manner. , >»P*rcnment ,n To the moft renowned Prince, and moft excellent Lord, Frederick. Emperour of the Romans, for ever Royall. r The fishfeription was thus , Alphonfm by th’gracc of God King of th’Aragons, Sialie on this fide and be¬ yond the Pharos, Valencia, Jerufalem, Hungana, the Majorcas, Sardinia, Corfica &c. greeting,and increafe of profperous -fucceffes. * Andfo in the Occurrences he ufed to write. Moft renowned and moft excellent Prince, we would intreat your Soveraignty or yourMightincls. 1 * *’ i8z The Hiflory of the To the King of Gran adit. To the high Printe Don Machinal King of Granada, out very dear and much be- loved friend _ •• To the moll Illuftrious Prince Don oHunne .King of Tunis, our very dear and much beloved friend. To the Dolphin of France. To the moft illuftrious Prince ZfW, Dolphin ofUfania, our moft dear kinf- maa To the Prince of Aujlria. Tip the moft Illuftrions and our very dear and much beloved Cozen, Henry Prince of Auftria firft bom in thb'jtingdoms of Caftile and Leon. s l;3lhyJ lui'A. ,:;;j Si ; To the Duke of Cleves. To the moft illuftrious Prince John, Duke of Cleves, our moft dear kinfman and friend. , To the Duke of Ojierlich. To the Illuftrious and mighty Albert,Duke of Ofterlich. To the Dttke of Brittannie. To the Illuftrious and mighty Peter Duke of Brittannie, our moft dear kinfman and friend. , To the Duke of Burgundy. To the moft Illuftrious Prtrice PhiUp Duke of Burgundie, our moft dear kinfman and friend. , . Ti> the Duke of Burgundie his eldefi fon. To the moft illuftrious Prince Claris, firft born of the moft illuftrious Duke of Burgundie and Lord Chariots our moft dear kinfman. To the Duke of Savoy. To the Illuftrious and mighty brince Z?»*Duke of Savoy, Chablays our moft dear kinfman. * ’ To the Earl of Foix. andTriencT and exc€,lent Earl of Foix, our moft dear kinfman nscfftniyi H &1 btist n r - b(lK /dUW i^voisi) ISO ,wtt»VK has lismin ihum hna mb v.-v ruo. wk'Sit'A ' to an; A « Names Kingdom of *JT LE S m Names of all the Vice-roys of Naples, which began in the year 1505. Tear of Number of Chrift. Vice-rojs. 1505 1 1507 2 3510 3 1514 152 } 4 1526 1527 5 1528 6 1530 7 153 2 8 1553 9 1554 10 r i 5 S 5 II 1559 12 IS 59 13 1-1570 14 1577 IS 1579 1 6 1582 17 1586 18 1 J 96 19 IS 99 20 C Onfalvo Fernandes of die Houfe of Aghilar a Cordouefe by Nation, Duke of Terranova, who for his famous vi- dories was called the Great Captain. Don J ohn of Arragon,Dukc of Ripacurfa. Don Raimondo of Cardona Count of Albento. * Don Bernard,no Villamarim. * 1517. Don Francis Remo - hues Cardinal! of Sorrento were both Lieutenants. Don Char Is della Noia. Andrew Carrafa Count of St. Severina was a Lieutenant. Don ZJgo of Moncada. Philibert of Chalon Prince of Orange. Pompej Colonna Cardinall. Don Piedro de Toledo , Marquis of Villafranca. Don Lewis of Toledo was Lieutenant. Don Pietro Pacecco Cardinall Seguntine. * IS 54 Don Bernardino of Mendoza was Lieutenant. Don Ernandez. Alvarez, of Toledo Duke of Alva. Bartholomew Cardinall of Cuova. VS? 9 - Don Frederica de Toledo. * 1559. Don John Manque were Lieutenants one after the other. Don Perafan Duke of Alcala. Antonj Perrenotto Cardinall of Granvela. Don Innico of Mendoza Marquis of Mondefela. Don I ohn Z unica Prince of Pietra Precia. Don Peter Giron Duke of OfTuna. Don John de Zunica Count ofMiranda. Don Henry de Gufman Count of Olivares. Don Ferdinand di Caftra Count of Lemos and of Andrada: Marquis of Sarria and Count of Villatua, went AmbafTa- dor to Rome , fent by Philip the lecond, and left in the kingdom for Lieutenant HonFrancifco his fen, who go¬ verned with great wifdom. The The Hiftory of the The leven principall Offices of the KJNfGHOM. High Conjiable. A “ * SI -—A Here are feven principall or chief Offices in the kingdom, The firft jg| whereof is, the Great or High Conjiable, who Hands in place of Ge- 83 nerall, or the iTings Lieutenant in the wars which happen in the « kingdom; and in fuch a cafe orders and provides forallluch things . M as belong to theMilitia. This Office lafts as long as the war.- And when the ICing'creates fuch a one, he puts a golden Truncheon in his hand faying, Take this facred Truncheon in thy hand to drive away and keep back the enemies and oppofers of my people. And this word Conjiable, much ufed amongft Tufcan Writers, did anciently fignifie a Captain of a quantity of Cavallery . But in procefs of time by Conftable was meant a Commander of Foot-Soldiers, the Captains of Horfe beginning to be called Condudors. Bembo in his Latin Hiftory calls the Conftable (Jenturion of Soldiers. In the kingdom of Naples the office of Conftable fignified not onely a Captain, but one of far greater authority , ic being of the feven offices the greateft ; And as it hath been always conferred upon great Lords, lo we fee it at this day fetled upon the perfon of N. He by right commands all Martiall perfons, as well afoot as on horf-back ; And in Royall Parliaments fits next the King on his right hand. Pont amts irpthe fourth book of his Hiftory of Naples (peaking of the office of the Conftable, refufed that word as too bafe and abjeft, and not Roman, and fo named him in Latin Magnus militia Magi- fler, the great Mafter of the Militia. Some would liken the office of great Conftable to the Pra fed its Pratorio, yet there feems to be a difficulty in it, feeing the Prafedits Pratorio was always created out of the Knightly order, which Rule is not obfervedin the High Conftable who is alwayes felected from among the greateft and moft illuftrious Barons of the .Kingdom , I believe their opinion was grounded upon this, that the Prxfe'clmHr&torio was next to the Prince a fupream office, depending upon none elfe,over all the Militia, juft as the high Conftable is amongft us; he hath a 19 c Duckets a year pay,, and pretends in time of fervicewben thcwar is without the kingdom, he ought to have it double .- Whereupon there is a confultation de¬ pending in the Royall Chamber .which is yet undecided. •' - ! KM . ■ A mol ; - — — 1 - .iimb'ii.v jfjio iliiw tniii.it -*--— - — High A dm trail. 7 He High tAdmirall is the fecond Office of the kingdom : And though the Great juftice have pretended to have the fecond place; yet there arifing many years ago,a controverfie for precedencie between the Duke of Somma, high Admirall, and the Duke of Amalfi chief Juftice, and the queftion being, which of them fhould at that time precede.it was thus judged. That for the prefent the Duke of Somma as high Admirall,fhould precede the chief Juftice, and this was done in a fummary kind of judgment: for the Viceroy who was at that time, having called to¬ gether the Regents before he went to the Chappell on a Sunday morning, he caufcd This queftion to be refolved (landing, fo far that the Ufiicr was commanded to fay, That his Excellency commanded the High Admirall fhould go before the chief Ju¬ ftice not debarring howfoever the chief Juftice of any reafons which he might here¬ after alledge for himfelf. Signior Agnolo of Caftans told me that /one of thofe Regents Kingdom of AT LES. thc°Ufhpr'rn r 'nn C KriT?-t7 ^rv Y‘ cer J7 l ^ at vei 7 morning wherein he had commanded the hit’ll Admirals h I ff °A er , r lad t0,d,lim tlle y were moved to give fentence on Ki *‘n™mirals behalf; becaufe there was a very ancient Record found in the olr^ C r ty h’' b ]r hlCh w Plamly appeared, that in a Parliament held in the time mi^f? W nre ,f 1 " 8 ^ Naples,Thoma* Mariano Count of ^a/Z/^high Ad- mirall, preceded Rogger Acclocciamuro chief Juftice. And this Record is like- wife made mention of by Martin Freiia in his firft book de Subfeudis pag ■tA.num to lk mlothef ord r e /Cin S ln SeLeJ, they kerned f.' l- r , . ^ becaufe theic was no authenticall Record thereof extant, fo mnrhrhJ^r^ u' 6 j. ud S eme f was g'^en on the high Admirals fide; and AT hCf | b r°u 1C '? b ? , very ,uft ’ that the Generali of the Sea, Se h Tl^n* ’ ^ d ^7 d ' at, y follow the Land Generali, which is the Con- Sb all r P °ft u Tn’ °A u t r e ° th ' r feVen > retains t0 this hour its junfd.ftion, fi n f r'l r n ha f ve , lo fi And from this alfo hath been taken away the General- A Gallics of the kingdom, though there yet belongs unto him a very large jurildiftion both in Naples and elfwhere through all the kingdom - over aU thole which any way by induftry live upon the trade of the Sea. . The great Court of Ad- "ove,-ned a | h 011,16 ° f Gre f’ even > al} as th « of the Vicaria ,and its Tribunall is governed by one or more Judges, according to the high Admirals pleafufe. He chu es Ins Lieutenant, who carries in his hand the Half of Jurifdidion, as the Regent of he Vicar,a doth : And he as well as the Judge, hath a place in the Royall Uiap- i-ell, next to the latt Judge of the Civ.ll Vicaria, as FreiJhkh,lib. } .-paf } 2. » um . 23. He may l.kew.le appoint fifty men for the guard of his perfon, with fifty Con¬ stables on Horfeback, and 25 Commenfali , or fellow Boorders.and other perions as is contained in his pnviledges, which may go armed in the Citie of Naples M all’the kingdom over with any manner of Arms, though they be prohibited by the law. He hath alio all ms houinold Officers, and fuch Officers alfo as belong to his Court He appoints in every Sea-town a Vice-AdmiralURegifter, and two Marfhals: and m fv«y P^Yincc:a^ Provincial Vice-Admirall with fix Marfhals, and all fubjed to his jurifdidion. All fhipwracks either of Infidels or unknown matters are his. When he purpofe co keep Court for execution of iuftice, he fets up his Flag.hath a Captain of the guard, and his Martha Is. H,s ftipend is, betides fix Duckets a day, winch all the other fix Officers have which comes every year to a 160 Duckets; every moneth a hundred Duckets as he is Generali of the Sea : He hath for even- Bark or Boar a Carline by reafon of their Pennons which are certain little Flaggs with the high Ad¬ mirals Arms upon them, which every matter of Boat or Bark is bound to carry by his thorn, none can pat any vetfels to fea againft the Infidels without his Jicenfe, for which he is to pay a certain rate ; and of the prizes alfo when any are taken.there be¬ longs a thare to the high Admirall. He hath alfo all the bodies of the veffeis which are taken, with other pledges,and thofe which by chance are funk in the ft a ■ he hath alfo I know not how many barrows of Salt of the old meafure for his houfe provi- fion. He pays no Cuftome or Toll nor gives no account for any thing he exports out of the kingdom by fea, though others pay for fuch things. He hath moreover ve- 7 ma " y Other prerogatives and preheminencies, which may be read in -the Orders of the Office of the high Court of Admiralty, which for brevity I omit, of which to this day the high Admirall is polfefled. ’ Chief fullice. rHethirdOfficeisthatofC^/ Juftice , which hath the fupream place of exer- i cuing Juttice, as well Civill as Criminall in the whole kingdom of Naples. Hi# icu enan is called the Regent of the Vicaria, and hath his Judges both Criminall and Civill, and his Tribunall is the Court of the Vicaria. The Chief Mice his fti- pena is two thoufand one hundred and ninety Duckets; and the Regent hath B b fix 1 % The Hiftory of the fix hundred Duckets,he hath alfo the profits of the Jicenfes of the Sword, which are two and twenty grains and half/or every licenfe,which may come every year to two thoufand Duckets. High Chamberlain- T He fourth Office is that of High Chamberlain, & is fo called by reafon he hath partciular care of the Royal Chamber, and every thing elfe therby belonging to his King. His Lieutenant hath his Tribunal!, called the Chamber of the Sum-maria where there is nothing treated of neither by his Lieutenanc nor by the Prefidencs.but of fuch differences as arife between private men, and the Kings Treafury or Exche¬ quer. His ftipcnd is two thoufand one hundred and ninety Duckets; and hath more¬ over Tap ftii of the Captamfhips which are giveD within the lands of.Demains of the kingdom for the adminiftration of Juftice, and for fome he had. fix Duckets a year,for fome three,and for fome twelve,when they are difpatchcd : He receives al¬ io of Barons which pay homage to the Royall Court eight Carlines for an ounce, for any fuch fum the faid homages amount unco, which one year with another are judged to amount to two thoufand Duckets a year. He hath moreover from the Royall Court 24 Bufhels of Salt, and 36 fine Sugar-loaves every year. His Lieute¬ nant hath one thoiifand Duckets a year Itipend , and the Prefidents fix hundred and they alfo have their emoluments. ’ Grand Protonotary. T He fifth Office is that of Grand Protonetarj, to which Office at firft belonged to read before the King,and keep all his writings. Then the Catholick King tranf- ferred the care of that to the Secretary of the Kingdom,and to the Clerks ofCom- miflions; fo that whereas this Office was at firft of great authority, fo now there re¬ mains nothing to the Vice-protonotary, but thecreating of Notaries and Judges of ' Contradfs, and legitimating of Baftards. The ttipend he hath is according to the reft He hath moreover the emoluments of Notaries, and of Judges of Royall Contracts which are made within the kingdom,& the legitimations which are granted , the dues of which emoluments belonging to him, are thefe : Fora Notarifhip two’Duckets and fix for the judgement when it is all over the kingdom , but when it is for a Pro¬ vince, four Duckets, and for every legitimation a Ducket ; which emoluments are thought to be worth to him yearly 15 00 Duckets. High Chancellor. T He fixth Office of the kingdom is that of High Chancellor , which ferves both tor Secretary and Chancellor in occurrent bufinefles, and he keeps the Royall Seal. He takes care alfo whenany one will take the degree of Dodtor, to have him examined by the Colledge of Doctors; by which being approved for Sufficient in the Kings. name he gives him his degree.. This Office was wont to be given by our French Kings to Prelacs. His lhpend differs not from the other. He hath moreover the emoluments of the Students which come to the Dolors of the Law,and of Phy- fick, which are worth fome 2000 Duckets a year. He hath power to chufe and ap¬ point his Vicechancellor, who paticipates of his emoluments. High Kingdom of 3f AT L8S % High Steward. T* f ^' en k ' ? ffice lS Hi '" h Stewarii . who hath particular care of providing all A £"«“* concern the rings daily ordinary diet, and his Court.The naine of j., n n | '? ^ 10U Sht to have come out of France, from whence came alfo that of Shef’ Atl 35 WC miy P f e : ce . IVe ’. feem t0 have a ^nd of conjundion and affinity together. ^ Athene a very fubtile indagator of Antiquities, calls the Steward Eli Ancients T “j ^ ** mueh ref P efted “lOngft the Ancients, lie hath two thoufand one hundred and ninety Duckets a year. b A Difcourfe of the order and the falhion or form of the Crowns of the Nobility of the Kingdom of Naples. F Irft of all, before I declare how many, and who be the intituled Lords of this famous kingdom,I efleem it a thing very convenientbriefly to fet down (forafmuch as the quality of the matter fo requireth)the differences of the Crowns which they ufe: And although many excellent Lawyers have written thereon, neverthelefs fas I have hid) the fubjed thereof fo re¬ quiring, I think it fit to difcourfe fomething thereof, the better to fatisfie the Rea¬ der, and to leave nothing unperfed. Athehio then writeth that the Crown was in¬ vented by our Anceflors as a badge of honor for the ornament of the head, wherein the beginning and foundation of the fenles being placed, nature hath put as it were in a rock and fortreffe of the whole body, that power of the foul which we call Rea- fon or Underftanding. Ariftot/ew&s of opinion that the Crown was firfl invented by quaffers and drinkers, to reprefs the force and inflammation of wine; which afeending with the fume into the head, moveth fome pain in that part; the which thing being found to be true, it might be then ( becaufe it gave alfo ornament and comelinefs) the means to increafe the wonderfull eftimation thereof: whereupon by fome were added certain little birds, becaufe pinching another mans forehead fuffe- red him not to bleep, it was alfo in great ufe among Lovers. The Greeks in the fo- lemnity of their fports, ufed a crown of the Pine tree, the Acbaians Smallage, the CappadociansMugwon- P/inj afflrmeth, that the firll that was crowned was" Lt- bero, after whom the ufe of that ceremony fo much increafed among the Greeks and the Romans, that in the end it was brought upon the Altars in facrifice in viftory, and in their facred contentions; whereupon ambition always increafing, men ufed’ to fit with crowns on their heads in their feafts and Bankets. At laft crowns entring in among Souldie’rs and men of war. Armies began to give it to their Captains to honor them, and very often Generals were crowned therewith, which carried them- feives valiantly in any honorable ad, cither by valor or manhood ; and the like ho¬ nor was alfo done to others by the people and the Senate. Whereupon the Law¬ yers reafoning to this purpofe of the crown, have written, that it was granted fome- times in token of Empire and honor, fometimesfor induftry and military reward, and fometimes in fign of fpirituall vidory. 7 ~heophra(tus deferibeth three forts of •® ' Bb 2 Crowns, ]87 Athetuo of the • invention of the crown. Arijlotle of the crown. Liber0 accord* ing to Pliny , was the firft which was crowned. i88 The Hijlory of the crowns of herbs. Pofibumio Xu- berto ufcd a crown of Mirtle. Three forts of Crowns, one offweet odoriferous flowers, another of flowers that have no feent, the third of leaves and green boughs of trees, the fourth which was added by the rich phrajim. Crajfus, was made of gold & filver by the imitation of leaves,which he did expofe to The crown of the view of other men in his fports and games. But palling over this ancient bar- Cm/kt. barous rudenefs, and retting in the now laft ufe of Crowns, which are made ofmailiq gold and filver, intermixed with beautifull ornaments of pearls and pretious ftones, transforming the leaves into (harp poynts, and other curious work, which yeild a Of the diflin P' ea ^ anc a nd beautiful objettt to the eye. The cuftome of the Athenians was to crown ftionof the "their worthy and vertuous Citizens with a wreath of two Olive boughs: But we fpeaking again of the firft crowns, which take their names of the effects for which they are imployed; for that of Bayes is given to him which goeth in triumph, and is called the Triumphale, for the Bayes is a token of Joy and Victory. Poflbu- mio Tuberto in his triumph for overcoming the Sabins k with little blood, wore a crown of Mirtle. Likewife- the Ovale crown was given to him which had got a Citie not by force but by friendfhip and covenant. Moreover, he that had delive¬ red a Citie from fiege , had given him a crown of the grafs growing in the territory wherein they were befieged, and this ctown of grafs was called Offidionale- Who firft mounted upon the walls of the enemy ,to him was confecrated a crown of gold, with the form of battlements of the wall; and this kind of crown was called Mur ale, and the Emperour did give it with his owns hands. Who firft entred into the enemies camp, to him was given the crown Vallare , which was alfo called Caftrenfe, which was of gold in the form of a Bulwark. Who firft in battell at fea boarded the enemy, to him was prefenced the crown Navale, which was of gold in the fafhion of a fhip : The firft that had this crown was M. Varro, for overcoming the navy of Pi- rats and Rovers, and this En. Pcmpeius gave him. The crown which was given to thofc which had preferved any Citizen in battel, received in token of fafecy from him, a crown called Givica, which was firft of Oke, and afterward of Holm. Finally’ thofe which were accuttomed to be made of metall in recompence of worthy deeds’ were the Vullari, or Cafirenfi, the Mur all, and the Navail, Thefe were of gold, as were alfo thofe in procefs of time of Bayes, whereupon it was called crown gold, which was given to thofe who had the crown made them for triumph. But none a- mong the aforefaid crowns was ever more noble or more glorious with the Romans then thatof grafs, after which the Civiche, the Tiramphale, and thofe of gold were The crown of the next in eftimation, becaufe that all the other crowns Captains did give to Soul- fhexTi"? diers ’ but this of S rafs was prefented by the whole Army, as to the preferver there- was held moft And Sometimes the Senate did give it, and the people of Rome to fome particular glorious. perfon, as to Fabius Maximus when Hannibal departed Italy , and winch was alfo fabms Maxi- given to Auguftus when he fhut the Temple of 'lanus, and made peace both bv fea mui - and land. The Repull Now concerning the Royall crown according to the ufe in thefe days, was by the inTldlhr'e Anciencs in "° fucb fort obferved, athough the Priefts of Popf KctSjf SlThe -<**’ S^^4^Erar«S5- Sl' e i E r lP! ^n, t, V eyCar 0f ? rift271 - ^dufed appa^ell embrodereTwlth goU tfS&T* and pearl,-and full of precious ftor.es. Afterward Dioclefian (as Eutropios writeth ) wore 3 crown begun the of the Royall ftace of a King , becaufe that not o 7 h in hap ° fgold - f** e t b , eV / n m h,S ftlooes 1 had P r L etl ° us ft °nes embrodered, caufing others to do W«?*« him honor and reveren* and was the firft that would be adored. But the firft of grave Authcr XTd "rf r h a ? ,e lio ” r - ,h “ miEht * kStSse ““ r the third, which through the envy offome men was depofed from the Papacy Charts *° ( . r . e 1 a PP aid! theGreat was crowned in the year of our Lord 801 The Pone having riukv- a ofS,Ik > wa£ * the Maffe upon the Reliques of St. Peter, by the confei and dSre " 2 "^™' 611 of the people of Rome, declared Charts Emperour of the Romans and put an Imperial I crown upon his head, the people making great applaufe and acclamation , and proclaiming with a loud and high voyce three times, To Charts Auguft crowned by God , the great and peaceable Emperour, Life and ViHorj. And the Pope anointed him with oyl and balm confccrated to this effeft, together with Pepin his fon, whom he pronounced King of Italy ; the which things were all done in the year of our Lord 80 f. And fo Charles began the Occi¬ dental! Empire of Germany , which to this prefent hath continued .... —......... with great honor and glory'. Whereupon the Emnerours which w c c If Wn of ancialt ftcccM mmaJcU either LACBKH ■ V XfOfS& T. unto them worthy obfervation, or perhaps becaufe they defired by ' ‘ ' that means tomaintain the title of the Empire, which Leo gave to Charles, as is f^id, they followed from time to time the cuftome to be crowned. In this manner alfo were together with the power annexed the demonftrations of Regall or Princely fortune, of the which demonftrarions of honor they participating more or lefle the - ....cuma which did participate more or leffe of Kingly fortune, from thence c , h ™ of g°' d ’ of 'he proceeded the ufe of Crowns and Chaplets, fignifying Royall or &erh?„ 7 he chmei. of Princely dignityqor the honor of a Duke,or Lordly power & aucho- St. Peter. rity , becaufe that the Roman Empire being fallen from the greatnefs therof,and Barbarians coming into Italy, who like the inundation of a mighty river carrieth with it infinite damage, replenifhed unfortunate Italy with their bru- tilh manners 5 whereupon miferably fell to the earth, not onely the beauty of the Roman tongue, and the perfe&ion and propriety thereof, but all that femblance and fimilitude of the ancient cuftomes, and new titles, new fafhions, and new lawes were intruded . the word Prince was taken for a new kind of dignity which being inferior to a King, and Imperial! preheminence, takeththe precedence of Dukes’ tVs 1 M:c Marqueffes and Earls. The firft which ufed this name in Italy, was. as we have de- was thTfhlt dared (and according as Leone Cardinall and Bilhop of Oftia faith in his Hiitory that was C al- Cafnenfe) about the year ofoHr Lord 755, Arechi thefecond, 14. Duke of Bene- ,ed ptiiict - vento-, who having inlarged his Dukedom, would have his faid State no longer called a Dukedom, but a Principality, and caufed himfelf to be anointed and crowned by his Bifhops ; and in the end of his Lecrers and Charters of Priviledge, caufed them to to be thus dated , Scriptuminnoflrofacratijftmo Palatio. Afterward his fiicceflors continuing, ufed to do the like. Whereupon by their example the Princes o fCapoa, of Taranto, and of Salerno being allured thereunto, caufed themfelvesalfo to be an- nointed and crowned by their Bifhops. Thefe titles at thecoming of the Kings,were given unto their children, nor any except the blood Royal! were partakers of thefe titles. Churls the Great the firft that was crowned by the hand of the Pope. 1 hree crowns belong to the Roman £mperours, rhe firft is of filver, wiich is taken of the kingdom of Germany in rhe Ci¬ ty of Aquiferain. The fecond is lron,ofrhe kingdom of Lom¬ bardy in Medina neer Mitten ,rhe which crown is of ancient iut flowers, — mam. within as a plain hoop of Iren , whiefi binds in the temple* but with¬ out is beautified with gold, and pretious frones, the which ihewech that the Roman Eru- pirehath the ftrength of Iron by military power. The third Crown is then of gold, of the 190 The Hijlory of the The dignity of the principali¬ ty of Salerno* How the kings eldelffon was intituled Duke oi Calami a. The firft Prince of Capon. titles. Whereupon of the children of Ruggiero, the firft King of the kingdom of Naples and Sicilia, Ainu/fo was Prince of Capua, and.Cu/ielmo which afterward fuc- ceeded in the kingdom , was Prince of Taranto. Char Is of Anjou the firft of this name,King of Naples, ordained, that his eldeft fon fhould be named Prince of Saler¬ no ; whereupon Charts the fecortd in the time of his father was intituled Prince of Salerno, and Char Is the fon of Charts the fecond, before he came to the kingdom of Hungary, was alfo called Prince of Salerno. But becaufe his brother Ruber to , and not he, lucceeded in the kingdom of Naples,\ul\td\ was then called Duke of Calau- ria, from thence it fo came to pdS, that from that time forward they were no more Princes of Salerno, but the Kings tirft begotten fon was called Duke of Calauria. So was Charts called his father living, the worthy fon of Ruberto ; fo was Ferdiuando the fon of Alfonfus King of Arragon ,who firft conquered Naples ; and fo was Alfon¬ fus the lquint-eyed the Ion of Ferdinands ); but it fo falling out, that old Ferdiuando alo living, to Alfonfus his fon was born a fon whom he alfo named Ferdiuando, to him (becaufe his father Duke of Calauria lived) was given the title of the Principa¬ lity of Capoa. The firft which was called Prince of Taranto, not defeendingof the blood Royall, was Jacobo del Balzro the fon of Francifco ,which was alfo the firft that of no Princely family was called Duke of Andri. And fo much concerning the title of a Prince, which fignifying the Dignity, Signiory and Jurifdiftion which he holdeth, fo it is lawfull for them to place over their Scutchion,or Coat, Armour, of their Fa¬ mily, a crown made after this fafhion. The crown belonging to aPtince.* , See Luca di Penna in /. i.c. de av.ro corona - rio,lib.io* & ini. i.c.de Authle. Cajfaneiu in eo ralogo gloria mundiyin i. par.Concl-$. Archduke of Seffa. yyyyux The ctown of a Duke. In this kingdom after the dignity of a Prince, the next is the ftate of a Duke, which taketh place before a Marquefs and an Earl. Thefe Dukes have above their Arms a round hoop without any points or work above : But in place of the points there are certain pearls,and round about are certain pretious ftones, after the manner which here underneath appears. ! O O O o >eVDG\D I The which falhion,although it be now decayed I have thought good to declare,to the end the truth thereof may be known. The firft title of a Duke in this kingdom, was that of 5 c»raf»tO)inftitutedin the year 573 • But after they came under theju- rifdidtion of the King, the firft being not defeended of Princely blood, was Francif¬ co del Balm (as hath been faid) made Duke of Andri , by Queen Jone the firft. Not long after was Jacobo Mariano, made Duke of Sejfa by King Ladiflam.aod fo others from time to time, whereof the number at this prefent is very great. This dignity of a Duke increafed to a very high and eminent degree, the which chanced not to any of the other aforefaid dignities,becaufe Charts the 8 . King of France being pofleft of this kingdom, created Giliberto of Borbona Earl of T\Tontj)enJier his Lieutenant Ge- nerall of the kingdom Archduke of Sejfa , and fo the faid Borbana afterward caufed to be fet upon his Arms a great purple cap,garnifhed with a golden hoop, let full of pretious ltones,witli certain points without pearls in the top,butoncly put in the fides thereof,to the end the dignity of a Prince might have its place.and that he alfo might be known for an Archduke. The crown of an Archduke. ^oQc Kingdom of The which crowns as well of the Archdukes as the Dukes,are to be ufed inthe^T ner abovelaid, that whofoever afcendeth to that dignity, ought not to auemenHr with flourifhing, or otherwife with the ornament ot Jewels or pretious ftonfs form fo doing, they feem to ufurp a greater dignity then belongs unto them, for which as the Lawyers lay,they ought to be puniftied. And here it is to be noted that thev are not poince4 in that manner as fome of them have formerly ufed ’that is to fav after that faftiion, as their anceftors have had them, becaufe they as they were free Lords,and acknowledged not any fuperior, (as before hath been declared in the dif- courfe of the principality on this fidej might lawfully do it 5 the which is now other- wile,tlie kingdom beingunder the dominion and jurifdiftion of Kings Alter thefe the next in degree are the Marqueffes., the which are adorned with a hoop let with pretious ftones, without any thing above, and with a very fmall appea¬ rance thereof above the Arms, after this manner. ‘‘ The crown of a Marqucfs; • Bundo and Pietro Ra^ano fay, that the word Marquefs fignifieth in the Lombard tongue a ferpetuall Magi ft rate, or a perpetuall Lordjhip ; but according as Mario E- qmcota faith in lus Commentaries of the Marqueffes of Mar.tua, fignifieth in the /- tahan tongue, a Prcftdent. Alciato that excellent Lawyer.faith that the word Mar- ejuefs is a Dutch name,and that it fignifieth a Maftcr of the Hor/e.forafmuch as the Germans call a horfe Marca, and in the French tongue Marcare is as much as to fay to ride. In this kingdom as the name of a Duke and an Earl came the fooneft and that of a Prince firft, before in any other place, fo that of a Marquefs appeared long after- for the firft was Cecco dal Bargo that was made Marquefs of Pefcara by King Ladi- flam. Then follow the Earls, called inLatine Comiti , bccaufe they were fent from the train and followers of the Emperours to rule and govern fome province, or fome lota it Petma part thereof. Alio an Earle,according to Luca de Penrta, may put upon his Arms in m Rub.c.de co¬ place of a crown, a plain hoop, differing nothing from that of a Marquefs, fave onely m ‘‘ibui,lib. 12. the want of Jewels and pretious ftones,as the Earls of Altavi/la, of Aquino, of Con. *.a, of Marfico, of Nola, of JferrAa, of Milito, of Potenrjt of Trot a, and Others™ 5 di 8 nir y anciently have ufed. was by charts the Great, 8 c his fon,beftowed on thoie which were their JJepuries. Afterward under the German Empire that title was of a proper power . and authority. rons which no ndc pr rcinnr CC "r ll'b Parliamcnts of all the other Lords and Ba- M " !no Fre

»* U . ! u- h t let th , e ^ m P erour , whcr «ofwe have fpoken ■ it is much that he (hold be fo fubjed to the Gout, if fUrring and motion be a Superfedeas asainft it as the Phyfmons hold, becaufe few Princes had bin fo adive as he from Ins ve ry youth; for he made nine journies into Germany, feven to Italy tep to Flan', ders four to France, two to England, and two expedition, to AfrU- He had v °y a 8« °n the Mediterranean Sea, and three on the Ocean And what a world of Achievement,- did he perform in thefe Expeditions > He Rom^n C °" qUcfts were thofe of GV Wand Tunis where th£ verv ^arc of ^^ / aure * nd hadb ‘n rock'd in his Cradle; he pierc’d the Fortune Kingdom of JfjtAT LES, Fortune therein, yet Francis had got as mtfch of glory, confidering all circumftan- cej, being taken with naked Sword in hand, among a throng of fighting Ene¬ mies, all about him weltring in blood, Colours flying, and Viftory fluttering on bothfides with doubtfull wings: The full difcovery of the new World was made inhisRaign, with the Mines of Peru-, In fine, he had fuch acontinuall tide of goodfuccefs, that it feems that Age was defign’d for his glory. He had twenty pitcht Battels, and above three hundred Sieges ; nor did he know what a Re- pulfe was, but only at Algier, LMarfeilles & yWft/,where the wind blew ftrongly in his face, infomuch that among the Caefars, Charlemain may be fayd to be only parrallell t oCharles It Quint. All thi s he intimated in a fluent and vigorous fwel- ling Oration before the two Queens, Elianor of France, and Mary of Hungary Dowager his Sifters, divers Knights of the golden Fleece,and a great confluence of Nobles at the Aft of Renuntiat ion,in "Bruxells-, but now he fayd further, he wold court Fortune no longer^ who being a Female loves young men be ft Jand therefore he would recommend his Son unto her. He wold no longer hold thofe Scepters which he could not fway,nor,a Sword that he could not draw out,yet he faid.that by this Surrendry he did not retire himfelf from either Imperial or %egal power, out of any apprehenfions of any fear of future dangers, or revolts, or the power of any Potentates upon earth, nor out of a refentment of any ill fuccefs pafs'd, or the leaft diftruft of the Divine providence,and any difaffeftions of his Subjefts, but foly to wean himfelf from the World, and have better opportunity to make his account with Heaven. After fuch generous Estprelfions and a little paufing, he concludes thus in Spa- nifh. Quo porjus indijpofitiones a ejue le avian reducido los trabaios del ejpiritu efta- va refuelto de poner todo el pefo de los negocios fobre los ombros defu Hijo,j Hermans , y affi defde entonces renunciava en el uno et Imperio, j en el otro las Coronas d‘ Ejpa- na,y de las diet, y fiete provincial de Flandes,y defobligava a todos fus fudditos del juramentode fidelidad que le avian hecho. In regard of thofe diftempers which the agitations of his fpiric had reduc'd him unto, he was refolv’d to pals over the weight of all bufinefles upon the (holders of his Son and his Brother; therefore from that time forward he renounc'd and transferr’d the Empire to the one, and the Crowns of Spain with all the feventeen Provinces to the other, difobliging and abfolving all his Subjefts from that oath of alleagiance which they had fworn unto him; whereupon his Son Philip kneeling before him bare-headed, his Fa¬ ther melting all into tears(with divers of the Speftators) he put the Crown upon his head .giving him his benediftion & therewith the Soveraignty of all his Domi¬ nions, that being disburden'd hereof he might the more eafily go on in his jour¬ ney to the Port of happinefs.and difpofe himlelf to the meditation of the fstpream Cjeodftohich is the be ft Philofophy, the higheft wifdom,and moft confummated felicity. As he was doing this he prefented to the young King his Son, Don Francifco Sra- fo, who had bin Secretary, and a moft loyall Confident of his many years; In¬ fomuch that at parting, he fayd, Quanto os he dado efte dia no es tanto como daros mi Erafe. That which 1 have given you my Son at this day, .is not fo much as the giving of my Srafo unto you. A little after he fent the Impcriall Crown to his brother Ferdinand ,by william Prince of Orenge who was flain afterwards, contrafting with his Sons ; Ferdinand Ihew’d himfelf Ihy at firft in accepting of it, becaufe twas too heavy for his (hol¬ ders, at laft he took it, faying, Tfoacetara ft no ctnviniera a la confervation defu falud, pero procuxaria imitar Jus virtudes en parte, ja que en todo era impojftble a la mayor capacidad. He wold not accept of fuch a Crown, did it not conduce to the prefervation of his Majefty his brothers health, but he would endeavour to imi¬ tate his Vertues in part, for to imitate them all was impoflible for the greateft capacity. The Criticks of thofe times did pafs various cenfures upon this rare tranfafti- on, upon this high affair of State, the found whereof quickly pafs'd to both the Poles, fom taxt Charles of a kind of (lafchete) of pufillanimity and defeftion of fpirit in doing this, others of too much indulgence of himfelf, and for his corpo¬ ral! eafe, others gave out he did it becaufe he fore-faw thofe fearfull tumults which c l be Hijiory of the which happend afterwards in the Low Countreys by the Lutheran party : But the foberft fort of impartiall men did impute it foly to his indifpofition of health, and that this retirednefle might tend to the advantage of his body and foul, which thofe multiplicities of cares, that attended fo many Crowns as he wore, debarrd him of. It was a faying of one of our Englilh Kings, That if (me did hut know the weightines of a froWn he wold not take it up, though he /hold fhtmhle at it in the high way : If this may be a caveat to thofe who are in health, much more (hold it be to thofe that are indifpofd ftni of crazy wafted conftitu- tions: As the gifts of Nature are more excellent then thofe of Fortune , fo are they, by a well regulated foul to be preferrd before them. The Enfignes of Ma- jefty, as the Scepter, the Diadem, the Throne, are glorious obje&s to behold, bat when the rackings of the Gout, the Colick, or other infirmities wholy di- ftemper him.thathath them, a healthfull Teafan is farr more happy, then fuch a Prince, if placed in oppofition ; fuch a King may be fayed to be Tantalizj all the while, for though he have an affluence of all things about him, yet he cannot taft ofany with a truerelifh; fo that what fhold procure hishappines.encreafeth his punilhment, for though he can comand all, yet he cannot convert anything to his own comfort, when the agonies he fuffers make thofe which are guft full to others to becom gall to him. The pangs of the Gout alone are able to convince Zeno and his fenfeleffekdt of Stoiks, who deny all pain and pajfton ; For all thofe pleafing Ideas which the conceit of Majefty and greatneffe ufe to inftill into the, brain, cannot counter¬ vail thofe torments which fom difeafes ufe to inflid upon the body ; Therforc doubtles Charts the fift had more reafon to preferr his health before his Crowns, it being a jewell fo precious, that all the Diadems on Earth have not the like in- chacd in them: Itwasthefpeechof Va/entinian, That an Emperour ought to dye . /landing on his feet , now if he ought to be found dying in that pofture, much more ought he to appear fo living : Tis true we retd of 1 fom Generalls who have commanded in their Litters ( as Sir Francis Vere was carryed in a Chaire at chc battail of Newport to dired the Army ) but thefe examples are very few. But we will return to take leave of Charles the fift; A little after, this once mighty Monarch, and now mortified man, removd to Flufhing , to embark, himfelf with his two royall Sifters for Spain ( theforefayd Mary Queen of Hungary , and Leonora Queen Dowager of France ) and thence to the haven of eternal! reft; being there, he was fo thin attended, thatonenighthehadnot aServanc to light fom who came tovifit him down the ftaires but did it himfelf: Thence he hoifd fayl for Caftile, where he cloyfterd himfelf in the Monaftery of Saint '/ufto, and that fmall remnancof time he livd there ( which was not above two yeers ) he imployd in divine feraphicall fpeculations, in divers forts of penan¬ ces, concurring with fundry ads of piety and pitty. Thus this great Hero became a Hermit, this glorious Monarch became an ob- feure Monk,, *nd certainly he well defervd to have worn fo many Crowns who did fo freely quitt them , obeying therin onely the motions of his own foul without any fhew of conftraint, or the left appearance of fufpeding the allea- giance of his peeple. Now touching that Arthriticall torturing difeafe which afflided theEmperour Charles , his Son and immediat SuccefTor had much more caufe to be fubjeft therunto, in regard of his fedentary and repofefull life,in;regard that he kept for the moft part in his Clofct,wher he wold write himfelf his own letters,difpatches, and inftrudions : There he might be fayed to have a Profpedive, through which he beheld what was a doing in the old and new World, yea as farr as the Anti¬ podes His Clofet was the center whence the lines of his comands were drawn to the circumference, of fo many vaft remote Regions, as will appear in the Hi- ftory of his life, which in regard he was a Prince of a ftrange mould, of a clofe dark nature, that his thought could feldom be penetrated, I will fpend more oyle then ordinary to iliuftrat his Raign. Kingdom of T LES: | THE Life and Raigne of Philip the Se¬ cond,. 27 th King N A PL E S. : HIL 1 7 > of Auftria ( fecond of that name ) fucceedcd Cafar his Imperiall Father in all his Hereditary Domi¬ nions by a voluntary freeRefignation , wherin he might be fayed not to be beholden to death, as other Heirs ap- parant ufcto be , but to his Fathers free defigne : But touching the Kingdom of Tfaples , it was transferrd un¬ to him before, to countenance his fccond marriage with Mary Queen of Exgland and Ireland : There wanted not fom Critiques that wold have derogated from the wor- thinefle of that fpontaneous A& oftheEmperours', faying, That King Thilip was overheard to fay a while alter that The fecond day after the Ref gnat,on ■vasthe firftdaj of his Fathers Repentance: But fure that could not be, it the Hiftorians who were then contemporaries may be beleevd, for this was don by a long moulded preceding refolution, asthey write, in regard that the Emperour had a defien to do it fix yeers before, when he was but fifty yeers of age; the around of which proceeded from the fpeech of an old Captain of his, who de- firing a Paffe to retire from Armes, told him. Sir, he who hath a care of hts/oul mstjl put an Jntervall twixt the affaires of the World and Death. And now to the intended task. g pm? j Che Hiflory of the Philip the fecond was born in Valladolid upon a Tuefdey the 21. of piety,and among other, thatftupendous Fabrique at the Efcuriall, but as he was moft bufy about it, newes came to him of the troubles of Flanders , and it was the unluckieft newes that ever was brought to Spain, confidering what a long 1 lingring War they brought, wherin all the Princes of Chriftendom were direCt- , ly orcol aterally engagd, it is as impoflible to beleeve as to jmVe the ftrange and various traverles of thole Warrs, the multitudes of men who loft their lifes \ therin, fo that thofe Provinces were calld Sepulchra Hifpanorum, the incredible nialfe of treafure which was expended, for the Mines of CMextco and thofe of i Potefi werea moft exhaufted to feed thefe Warrs, which bad they not happend, the Kings of Spain might have pavd their Courts and tild their Palaces with Gold I and Silver; yet in the greateft brunt and fury of thefe Warrs, Philip made a conqueft of Portugal/, for feting his title wold not be accepted, wherby he al- ledged right of Succeffion, be made it good with his Sword, and fubdued the whole Kingdom, wherin as he fayed he verified tne faying, that - lArma tenenti Omniadat qnijuftanegat - To atchieve this mighty exploit, whom Ihold Philip employ but the Duke of Alva, who had fo trampled upon the Belgians, and though he was then indif- i grace with the King,and in Prifon by his immediat command, yet he had ftudyed his humor fo well, how ambitious he was of glory, and how many proofs he had made of his fidelity and courage, chat though he would not admit him to i his prefence and to kilfe his hands, yet he fent him a C'ommiffion to be his Ge- , neraliffimo in that Expedition ,: Nor was Philip out of his account, or deceavd in his judgment of the genius of the man, for he executed his Commifiion with ' fuch an exadnes of fidelity, with fuch rare fucceffe, andinfolhort acompasof time. 8 The HiJloij of the time that one muft have a ftrong faith to believe, with what facility he reducd all Lufitania, which provd a mighty addition to the Spamfh Monarchy, for therby the Eafl Indies, fo many Illands in the Atlantic Sea, with divers Terri¬ tories in Afric fell under the CajUlian y oak: But as Henry the feventh of Eng¬ land was banted with walking Spirits (who fayed they were Edward the fife) whom he chafd away by fprinkling of blood, fo was Philip the fecond troubled with two Hermits, who one after the other fayed they were Don Sebafiian, and fo drew a confiderable party after them, but they were found to be Counterfeits, and fo executed accordingly. Moreover Don Antonio naturaW Son to Lewis one ofthe Uncles of 'Den Sebafiian, pretended right to the Crown (as he had had, had he bin legitimat)therfore he fled to Queen Elizabeth of England for fuccour,who accordingly furnifht him with confiderable Forces by Sea and Land, under Drake and Norris, but all wold not do. No fooner had Philip thus fecurd and quieted the Kingdcme of Portugal, with thevaft Territories therunto annexed, but new work was cut him out in Ara¬ gon ., where a hideous Infurrcdtion happened, which grew from the imprifonment of Antonio Perez , the famous Secretary of State, King Philip left him to the ordinary courfe of Juftice, and being accufd of Homicide cohaveflain £fco • vedo, Don John of lAnljtria s Secretary, and according to the Lawes of Spain be¬ ing rackt therefore, he'confeft the Faft, but he alledged, he did it by the King bis Maflers command ; and being prefsd to difcover the caufes, he anfwerd, they were fofecret that they were not fit to be pnblijht. Tis true that 'Philip did not much refent the death of Efcovede, becaufe he had buzzd odd councels into the eares of Don 'fthn otAdfiria, as to marry without the Kings privity Elizabeth Queen of England, to conquer Algier or Tunis, and crown himfelf King afterwards. An¬ tonio Perez by his wives fubtlety made an efcape out ofprifon, and polled away to Aragon with two Confidents of his, where he found fuch potent and popular Friends that gave him Sandtuary and prote&ion ; and they drew a confiderable party after them to this purpofe. Now as one infolency drawes on another, they took opportunity hereby to fay, that it was a breach of their priviledges to’ have a ftranger to be their Vice- roy, as alfo to introduce the Inqmfiticn wherunto Perez was like to be put wer.Tbis Commotion was like to be of very dangerous confequcnce, for the common people oi Saragojfa began to be very violent in it. King Philip raifd an Army of i oooo. foot and 1500 horfe, under the command of Don Alonfo de Vargas, a Veteran and a great experiencd Captain ; they of A- ragon having notice hereof, were preparing another Army in oppoficion, but the King with this own hand writ to them a gracious .Letter in thefe words. No aver levantado aqnel Exercit, f, no para fafiar a Erancia, ejtse el eramejor Aragonez, cpue los Cine aconfe javan Je le efiorvafie el pafe.y ft maravillava muchtt fe creyes cofa sue a cl attn no avia pajjado per el penjamiento, y me nos romper It s pri¬ vileges a un Reyno a quien amava tar,to The Army which he was a raifing was to no other end but to pafs to France , he was a better Arrcgonian then thofe who - gave advice that this Army (hold be ftopd in the paflage, and he wonderd much that credit (hold be given to things that never entred into his bead, where be ne¬ ver habourd the leaft thought to infringe the priviledge ofa Kingdome, which he lovd 10 well. This Letter was like a gilded Pill with ftrong Drugs within, for no fooner was the Letter fent, but Don Alonfo foPowd with his Army and came to the gates ofSarogofa, his Soldiers crying out for France, for France, Don Alon- Je 1 being entred, the chief Juftice of Aragon thinking to fly away was apprehend- ed, and according to a jprivate order Don Alonfo had from the King to difpatch m the nrtt place Don /ohn de Nuza, y quo a un mi[me punto le avifafie de fu prifi- on y de /* muerte who (hold have notice at the fame inftant of his imprifon- ment and death .• Don John being thus apprehended was hurried into a Coach and two Jefuits to prepare him for death, he asktby veitue of what Sentence’ hereupon they fiiewd him chat fhort order, which Philip all of his own hand-wri- delivered Don Alonfo. That Don John de Nuza was the prime Officer Of Kindom of Aragon, a goodly fair young man, and of a gallant prefence therfore his death was very much lamented, fpecially being defeended of the moft I [ \ \ \ 1 r Kingdom of L ES. moft llluftrions and ancientft Families of that Kingdom ; many other perfons of quality and the chief Ring-leaders of this Tumult were executed, and their heads and members fee up in quarters upon the gates of the City; Antonio Perez h ad made bis elcapefrom Saragofa two daies before towards France, to the Country of Bern, where Katherine Queen of Navarr and Mother to Henri the fourth gave him protection and entertainment, whereupon a publick "Ban was pro- claimd that whofoever could bring him alive, or dead (hould have 6000. crowns therfore not finding himfelf fecure fo neer Spain, he fled to England, and thence’ removd co/W, where he did lead the remainder of his life, gazd upon as he pafsd theftreetsas aftrange Monfter of Fortune, but cryedupfor a perfonof notable found parts, and politick Speculations. A little after King Philip, his Generali Don Alonzo having already difpatcht the principal part of the bufinefs before him,made a kind of progres to his King¬ dom oicAragm, and convokd a Parliament to meet at Tarafor.a, but a senerall pardon preceded his fummons, only the Town ofXfvvr/and Albarracinen cepc- ed with 145. perfons befides, which he afterwards forgave, fo he confirmed un¬ to them fuch priviledges as he thought; he enafted new Lawes, and repeald many old fo the Kingdom gave him a prefent of about four hundred thoufand crowns fo he returned triumphantly from Aragon to Cajiillc , having thus depreft the courage of that high crefted people; And if ever that Aphorifm was verified ; viz. That Rebellion fuppreft makes the Prince the ftronger, furely it was in this great A&ion, as may be inferrd out of the former tranfadions in that King¬ dom. 6 Upon crufhing of this eAragonian Cocatrice in the fhell,there was a monftrous ftrange Hydra engendred in France with I cannot tell how many heads: The Huguenots began to be potent and turbulent there, the Queen-mother Katherine 1 de Medics, with the Guifards were great Bigots, and abhorring that faction, be- 'Z’A ing moft fervent in the advance of the Roman caufe, they made war againft the Huguenots, upon thofe grounds; Therupon Philip being the Catholick King, could do no lefs in the quarrel! ofthe holy Church then reach his Arme and affift them which he did, by fending order to the Duke of Parma hisGovernour in Flanders to that end, who accordingly rulht into France and purfued his march as far as the walls of Paris: At his entrance into France hcrepaird to the Ca¬ thedral! Church of c Jbleaux where he protefted and folemnly fwore, that he came to France with that Army ( which confifted ofioooo. footand30oo. horfe) to no ocher intent but to deliver the opprelfed friends ofthe King (then under minority) from the violence of Rebells and Heritickj, in which quar- rell he wold expofe his perfon to any perils whatfoever, and he knew every foul under the Banners of jhis Catholike Majefty which were in this Army wold do the like: Having receivd this fpeciall command andknowledgof hisfaydMa- jefties pleafure accordingly: This intneat andmyfteriousWarcalldthe Ligue lafted by interim (lions in France above thirty yeers, and it came to fuch a mul¬ tiplicity of Interefts that every Province became Frontire to one another, info- much that that gallant & entire compleat Kingdom was like to be cut into frag¬ ments & cantonizd. Queen E/iz: of England was offerrd by the Hugonots a good part, but fore-feeing what confufion it wold bring, and how much it wold enfee¬ ble the power of that Kingdom, which is the greateft one knot of ftrength and entire power that is able to counterbalance that ofthe Monarchy of Spain, Ihe refufed the proffer, and rather afiifted the prefervation of the Regall power in that Kingdom. King Philip having don fuch fignall Services for the Roman Catholicksin France , & having wownd himfelf out of the Ligue from warring againft Heritiks (as he calld the Hugonots ) he turnd his Sword againft Infidels, he fent a puiffant Army both by Land and Sea, under Don Francifcode Mendofa, who was Com¬ mander in chief for the Conqueft of Oran upon the Coafts of Barbary, which de- fign provd fo fuccesfull that it took effeft, yet not without much expence of blood and treafure, which made the triumph more glorious for- Turpisfine puhere palma: Having thus redued Oran, and fom Territories circumiacent from C c Ma- 1 he Hijiory of the Mahumetifmie, and the half Moon to be under the Standard oi tb h ^P“ r * fucd his good fortunes and aflaulced another Fort in tsarbaty, calld 1 onion ctepc- /« which he alfo carried but not without fom difficulty. ■ After a little .breathing from beating the Turk in pMary he had opportuni¬ ty to meet him at Malta, which being behegd by Selyman , h «^ n ' toh,s V ^ roy of Naples and Sic ily to make what ltrength they couid to affift the great Ma¬ llei and Knights of that noble Order; The Siege provd very obftinac for four months and the Canons played upon the walls of tMalta incdTantly which a - terd fom of them down to the ground,dcltroyed multitudes ot houles,killd witl in the Town 7000. of all ages and Sexes, with 1000. Cavalliers.and Commanders o all Nations who bad (aerified their lives for che prefersation of MahayeM t ierDy traniinitted their Fame to Polterity. Don Garcia.de Toledo 1 hercupou rccurnu triumphantly with hisFleecto Tuples, where the three Caftles and the C urc of Carmine faluted him, with fundry Volleys of great Shot. Tne next De ign was no lefs fuccesfull to Philip , for he made himlelf ablolut Matter of Mehlla , notwithlfanding that the Mahumctnns added witch craft to their Stratagems of War to over-throw the Spaniards. . , A little after Philip undcrltanding that Florida which belongd to lum by light of difeovery, being part of new- found World,was colonied and ulurpa by a Plan¬ tation of French Hugonots, whom he abhorrd as Flereticks in his opinion, the chief wherof was John Piblaut 1 King Philip commanded eight Galenas with 1 yco. Soldiers to be made ready at Calcs ,& appointed Pedro Melendei, de palde-e. Com¬ mander,in chief giving him the title of Adelantado or Governour of Florida, after t a ppoiperous Navigation thither, he alfaulted a Fere which the French-men had • built, andhe purfued the point of his Delign with chat vigor, that he fubduedit with the lofs of a 150. men, and fo driving the French into the Mountains and defarts, he made himfelf Mafter of the Country upon Michaelmas day. The next yecr he fent Sea and Land Forces towards the Luzerne s Hands which ly the South-eaft, which had bin difeoverd by Magellan before. And he iui- ployed upon this Service ^Michael Lope de Legajpe , who had fuch profperous fuc- cefs, that arriving at the lie of Zebu he was receivd with much humanity and frendfhip by Tupas who ruld ther as King; fo he built cher a Town caild Saint (JSUchcl with a ftrong Fort, and having lorn Fryers aboard he ray fd ther the Standard oftheCrofs, and many ofthe Indians were reduedto Chrillianity ina Ihorttime, acknowledging the Catholic King for their Lord Paramount • many lies more (wherof ther is fnch an infinity) rendred themfelfs, and in honor of the King they were Chriftned Us Philippinas , making a Town caild eJManila the chief, wher afterwards the Chriftian Vice-roys refided : and much about that time the Frontire Town twixe Champagne and Cjermany took his name, and is caild Philipsburg to this day. All this while King Philip had the wind in the Poupe, and Fortune on the Forc-caltle, but now growing old that inconftanc Female tell from him,and turnd her back ,and as commonly one good Succefs corns not atone,fo difafter and misfortunes when they once com they com like the Surges of the Sea, arid-one wave ttpon'the neck L °f another'. And indeed the affairs ofthis inftable World are nothing hue picijfitudes Cimpefd of good, and bad events. The firft frown char Forcune did call upon King Philip was under the Com¬ mand of the Conde of Alcaudeie at Mofiagan in Barbary, wher the faidConde was (lain by the Forces of the Xariphe , a petty (JPlerifco King; and fo the enter- prizd fiyld. Not long after the 1 \apolitan Gallics with other Chriftian Fortes had very la¬ mentable luccefs at Los Gelves neer Tripoli , wher moil of the Chriftian Fleet pe- rilhd : Don zAlvaro Commander in chief was taken prifoner and prefented to Pitch the Turks General ; but ther was a great deal of rafnnefs and imprudence ufd in the conduft of that expedition, which hapned in che yecr 157°. For had the Chriftian Army fet upon Tripoli , which was a place not fo ftrong in the cy of rea- fon and all humane probability, they might have taken it, having a competent ftrength to do it, for the Army confided of 12000.Soldiers befides Comrnan- - - ders. II Kingdom of <5\£ c tAT LES. * dcrSj 38. G aleons and 26. Gallies, but as Marriages, fo Victories are decreed in Heaven. Another difaftrous Accident hapned in the Port of Herradnra in the Kingdom , (jranada, wher Don John ot Mendo/a fon to Bernardin de Mendoza Vice-roy and Captain-Generall of Triples, who having a conliderable Fleet wherin ther were 3500. land Soldiers, which were co be quarterd in the Kingdom of Valen- \ tia wher an Inlurrection was feard, there blew npon a fudden fuch a furious guft of an Eaft-wind, that moil of the Fleet perifhd, and above 50 do. Souls. But this mif-fortune was inferior to that which hapned three yeers after, which was in 1574. when Aluch-vAli that famousTurkifh Generali came with a for¬ midable Army to the coalis of 'Barbary, wherwith he made himfelf Mailer otGo- 1 lettuAni'Tunis, wherabove2oo. peeces ofOrdinance were found, which the E- nemy made prize of with other rich Booties; they deilroyed all the Churches andMonaiterics, except the great Church which was prefervd by a ranfom of money. , This crowd of Diiailers ufliering in one another, befides that coflly and re¬ mote War in Flanders , might in any mans judgment, have daunted the fpirits of { King Philip, who before had binfo long habituated to good fuccefs, for as the : morall Philolopher tells us, Aliferumeft fnijje felieem, One of the worftkind of unhappinefs is to have bin happy; but he was a Prince of a marvailous aequani- mity and temper, one who had long ftudied che mutable condition and lubrici¬ ties of this world, infomuch chat thefe crofter craverfes did rather heighten his ( mind then deprefs ic; for not long after he riggd a mighty Fleet upon a great Deilign, no lets then for the conquell of England, which he thought to fwallow at a bit, which fhews that neither his fpirits nor treafure was wailed, notwithand- , >ng the vail expences in the Flemmijb Wars , and fo many millions that he buried ' in building the Ejcttriall. The ground of this hardy Enterprize upon England , was chat he had receivd • divers ludignicies and his Subjeds much damage from his Sifter Queen Elizabeth, . though for his part he ever fince the death of his wife Queen Mary, forbore to do any thing that might difpleafe her, during his aboad in England, he had • don her fuch lignall and high favors, as to preferve her head from the Scaffold, to have her allowance enlargd, co divert her Sifter from a defign (he had to fend her beyond Sea to be a Nun ; and at his departure from England he delired not ' to carry with him but one King of 1001. price, nordemanded he atiy thing of his wifes moveables after her death : And lallly he bad fhewed no fmall love for comprche.iding the iurrendry o (Calais to the Enghfh in his treaty of peace with France But in lieu of theie Plums he gave her, fhe threw the itones at him, by aillfting Din Antonio the Ballard, againlt him hbout the Title of Portugal, by fo¬ menting his own naturall Subjects againft him, in the revolt of the confederat Provinces, as far as to fend a Governor of her own amongil them, by giving commiilions to rob him in the Indies, by intercepting fom of his treafure in her own Seas going to Flanders, by wronging fom of the Hans Towns who were under his protection.- Thefe with lundry Incitements more, caufd Philip to pre¬ pare this powerfull Fleet to be quit with her at once for all old Scores, and if all things had fallen righc in the intended conjuncture, ther was proportion enough of llrengthf to fpeak without flattery) that might in all probability have fubdued England ; for ther were 13Q.Galeons,and Gallies; ther wer 20000. fighting men aboard,neer upon 3000. Canons with Bullets, Amunition,and all thingsrequifit; The Duke of Parma was to crols over from Flanders with 2000. fighting men, more horfe and foot, but he wanted a Fleet to tranfport them, which was the ' greateil over-fight the Spaniards committed in the tracing andcondud of this buftnefs ■ But this mighty invincible Mrmnda vanifht away into fmoak, by con¬ trary winds and horrid tetppefl which attended the Fleet, from beginning to ending; for many lll-favord accidents happened at the very beginning, which might prefage the Difailers following : The C];nerali{[imo the Marquels of San- Cruzd, a long experienc’d and fortunace Captain dyed as he was ready to fet fayl for the expedition; the Duke of Medina being chofen in his place, as foon as IZ The Htjlory of the as he launchd out, he was beaten by an impetuous ftorm in the Bay of Bifcay upon the coafts of France , where he loll divers bottoms, and the winds were fo crofs, that wheras they thought to viflt England in May they came not till July, wher they had fuch rough welcom that i oooo.'of their men were made food for Hadocks, three parts of tour of their Navy were funk, burnd, or taken, and thofe which fcapd could not return the fame way they came, but coafting by Denmark ,_ and HSJorway fetcht a compafs about Ireland, and fo came home pittifully fhat- terd, torn, and tatterd. This provd a heavy lofs to Spain which fhe could not repair (as they fay)twen- ty yeers after ; TheEnglith pufh on their good fortune, and the next yeer take Cales, which they fackt and plunderd ; divers ill fuccefies did confecutively hap¬ pen divers yeers to King Philip, fo that his Fortune made him fom amends, with his ts 4 ge, but the reduction of Tortugal under the Crown of Cafiile, which in modefty he calld aan Vnion rather then a Cenquefi, though it wasatruone: He feald all his Exploits with this, and it was the laft great aftion of his life , for ever after he meddled littie with public bufinefs,but transmitted them to his Son who ufd to lign and leal moll difpatcbes. King Philip was now entriog upon his 71. yeer (but a good while before he grew valetudinary and weak ) for twelve yeers before his death he drank not a drop of Wine, nor did he eat but at fee hours, and then by weight and fparingly to ftarve his Gout, wherwith befides o- ther indifpofitions he was tormented many yeers, infomuch that death did not furpize and alfault him upon a fudden, but (he gave him fair warning before¬ hand ; ther wer divers incifions made into one of his legs, and he was content to have one of his fingers fawd off to flop a Gangrene that happened ther; at laft it grew to be the pediculary difeafe, all which he endurd with much humidity and wonderfull courage; It might be fayd that his body was the field wher his foes wer incampd, and he the Combatant, they wer both quarterd together; he bil- litedand fed his own Enemies who wer all his Inmates: During his ficknefs he had frequent fymptomes of mortification which encreafd with his Agonies. The laftyo.daies before his death he took the Communion fourteen times, and confef- fed fo often; He began to put his houfc in order, and to preferibe the mode how he wold be buried, ciuling them to open his Fathers Coffin, and to take the mefure of it,for he wold be buried in the fame pofture,which was in the Frock of a poor Fryer-.Thc Chirurgeons being lapeing of his knee one day,the Prince his fon askt him whether it did not pain him much,he anfwcrd, macho mas me duelen mis fecados, My fins pain me much more : In the height of his anguifhes his fpeech ufd to be, Padre Eternotu voluntdd fe hagay no lamia-, Eternall Father thy will be done and not mine. * Som daies before his laft he calld for 1 he Prince his Son, and told him, TTofe fentia con fnercas ni capacidad para advertirle lo que era necefario para el govier- no de tantos pueblos que dexava afu cargo, mas que dexava un papel en poder defu csnfefor, en quo hallaria los mas faludablcs confers defus experiencias, y los mas jnftos avifot que fu con/cientia le ditto My Son, I do not find my felf now to have ftrength or capacity enough to communicate unto you what is neceffary for the government of fomany peeple which are to fall under your Government but I have left in the hands of my Confeffor a paper, wherin you (hall find the wholfomft advife 'that my experience and confcience could diftac; fohecaufd him to read what Saint Lewis of France fayd to bis Son Philip before his death - Afterwards he commanded an Ivory Cabinet to be brought, whence he took oui a plain Crucifix of wood, and a penitentiall Whip all blooded faying wheras others ufe to leave Rings and Jewels at their death to them whom they love molt, I leave you, my Son, this ‘Difcipline (meaning the Whip for fo they call it in Spam) which he conjurd him upon his blefling to make often ufe of, for as be fayd, Con efta difctplinapodriamejclar fufangre con la de fu padre y fu abuelo In ufing this you may mingle your blood with that ofyour Fathers and Grand¬ fathers : And touching that plain Crucifix, hetold him that his Grand-father dy¬ ed having it in his hands, and fo would he, wilhing his Son to do the like The next d ly he topJs the extream Unftion at nine of the night, defiring firft to be informd by _ Kin gdom of TIES, by the Arch-biftiop of Toledo how it was ufd to be ufd, for he had never feen it don before 5 he had the Prince his Son ther prefent.rto whom for all his fpirits were to much wafted, he made this rare Speech. Hequerido , Hijomio, os hallafcdes frefente tn efta hora,y viefedes como yo he recebidt Ufanta Vntlion lo urn poyue m os/ttceda It que 0 mi, y tennis U ignoran- cU que ye, lo otro par* que veais en que par an las Monarquias dtftt mundo ; ja veys Hijt mio, como Dios me ha desjojado de la gloriay CMagefad de Rey para dans a vos eftainvefiidura, a mi me ptndran dentro de pocas boras nna pobre mortaja, 7 me ceniran con mptbre cordel, j a fe me cae de la cabes a la Corona, la mutrte'me la quita para dares la a vet, Dos ctfas os encomiendo macho la ana que permanefcais jiempre en la obtdiencia de Ufanta Iglefia Catolica; la otra que hagais jufticia, y amcis a vtseftros vafalios, pues vended t tempt en que e pa corona fe os cayga de la ca- beca como aora a mi , vosfois manceboyo lo he ftdo , mis dins epavan contades^ja fe han acabado, Dios fabe les que tendreis de vida.y tambien ban de tener finfy ajfi es menefter no defany daros en lo que tanto importa, ftno mirar cemo vivu, porque la muerte os hallc en btten eftado fiempre que os Hame My Son, I was willing you ftiold be prefent at this hour, now that I am taking the holy Un&ion for two refpeds.firft.that you might be not fo ignorant hereof as I have bin; Secondly, that you may be an Ey-witnefs what becoms of worldly Monarchs j you fee al- redy, my Son, how God hath difrobd me of the Glory and Majefty of a King, to transfer this inveftiture to you,they will very fptedily wind me up in a poor (beet and gird me about with a poor girdle (meaning Saint Francis Cordon) The Crown is upon point of falling off my head, death takes it from me to give it you ; I recommend unto you two things, firft, that you wold continue conftant tn the holy Catholic Church: Secondly, thac you wold caufe Juftice to be don to your Subjects, and that you wold love them, for the time will com that the Crown will alfo fall from off your head,as it doth from mine (you are young and I am old, my daies wer reckond, and the Score isonw ftriking off, yours alfo muft have an end, therefore it behoves you not to be carclefs how much it imports you, but beheedfull what life you lead, that death may find you in a good condition when he fummons you away. Afterwards he much recommended unto him a War againft Hereticks, and Peace with France ,; The Prince thinking that he was now eapird, and to fettle the Marquefs of Denia his Favorit, afterwards Duke of Lernsa , he demanded the golden Key of his Clofet of Don Chrijlo val de mora , he anfwerd, that he could not do it while the King was living; the Prince being a little movdther- at Dion Chrifioval complained to the King, who although he likd not his Sona demand porferalgotemprana , becaufe it was fomwhat to early, ye: he com¬ manded Don Chrifioval to deliver it hftn, and aske him pardon 5 Now, the King had a year before turndhisfacetothe wall towards death, and his back to the world, from all troublefom bufinelTes, fo that the Prince fignd moft Commilfi- ons all the while. So on Sunday about five in the afternoon upon the day of reft, ‘Philip went gently to his laft, and he fell with the fall of the leaf in September, being feventy one yeers of age, to which age none of the Auftrian Family ever arrivd, a« it was obfervd-. The laft words which he breathd were thefe, yo macro como Catolico Chrifliauo en lafe & obcdicncia de la iglefa Romana,y Respcto al papa como a quint trae en ftst manos las Haves del cielo como al principe de U iglefa,y Tenientede Dios fobre el imperiode las almas. I dya Catholic Chriftian, in the faith and o- bediencc of the Roman Church, and I refpedt the Pope as him who carries in his hands the Keys of Heaven being Prince of the Church, and Gods Lieu¬ tenant over the Empire of Souls. Thus Philip elprudente Philip the prudent (for that Epithet was given him afterwards by a Parliament in Spain , and confirmd folemnly afterwards in a Confiftory at Rome) took his laft farewell of this World, wherin he had bin fal- ted, as it were fo long, by fo many incumbrances and ficknefies. The report of his death made a great found up and down the world, fpecially in Rome wher it was much refented; For the Popccalld an extraordinary the next day , D d ye her in * 4 - C 1 be Bifiory of the ioherin he -itettrUbM if ever th, Apoflolick.Se' had rtf'/Vf*"*. f ff* yeas {or the decea/e if this Prince, becaufe the holy Church had loft her greateflCham- J - • - - •« r - r.f. „ crhtr then a continu- Tacob in patience, to Auguftus in valour, to Trajan and Theodofius» the holy Church-, but ther wer two things that comforted him forfogftat alojs, his ft immutable and rockj perfeverance in hu religion, his admirable resignation of his Ml toGod, andhls incredible patience in his/ujf ranees which wer Jo many. Ky this pathetic Speech did Clement the 8th. as it wer canonize King Philip and enuear his memory to the Catholic world : In Spain the condolement for his death was fo univerfall, that every one did put himfelf in mourning for him, which they wore fo long, that finding a kind of gravicy as well as conveniency in black, the Spaniards arc more addicted to that colour then any Nation ever fince; and que- ftionlefs he was a Prince of a rare temper, of a large foul, and extraordinary in¬ tellectuals; he was devoted to his Religion in an mtenfe degree for he wold often fay, ft el Principe fu hjjo fuera hereje, falmatico, dicra ehniftho la lenapa* ra cjucmarle ; Tf the Prince his Son wer a Heretick or Schematic he wold himlelt find fuel to burn him: What a world of pious works did he ercft>firft, he found- cdthe Church of Saint Barnabas the Apoftle in the Efcurial, he built half the ■Convent of Saint Philip in Madrid, he added a Cloyfter to our Lady of Hope in pcana , another to the Lady Atocha wher he alfo builc aroyallChappel; he gave feven thoufand Crowns to Saint HUrommo, feven thoufand more to Saint Benet in Valladolid, with a pCrpetuall rent of eight hundred Crowns per an\ to the great Church there, eighteen thoufand Crowns to the Minorits of Madrid ; he made a large Colledg ot oAntonio Perez, houfe, endowing with large Rents and calling it Saint Ifabal : He fent mighty prefents to Loreto , he contributed^ much for creating the Monarchy of the Mimins in Madrid, he founded that of Saint Paul in Arevalo fat. gave our Lady de Guadaluire twenty thoufand Crowns, and fo much to the Lady of Monferrat, he erefted many Bifhopricks, augmen¬ ted the number of Prebends in Granada , and not long before his death he found- ed'a Monaftery of Auguftins in Huefca, he founded alfo divers Hofpitalsup and down in Spain-, But what fhall we fay of the royal Monaftery of Saint Laurence in the Efcurial, it is better to let it alone,becaufe it is impoftible to fpeak enough of it, being the eighth wonder of the world; let it fuffice that it coft above twenty millions the building, and after it was finilhd the Founder had the Fruition and pleafure ofit for many yeers : Itwold requirea Volumeofitfelftorelatewhat religious houfes he built beyond the Seas in his feverall Dominions; ther wer forty Convents crefted in the Indies by his fpeciall Order and charge,and ifother Kings are prayed fof as being greac Benefactors, if they built a Colledg or a Church or an Hofpitall; what prayers and prayfes did this King deferve? Moreover he caufd the holy Bible to be expnrgd and to be printed in eight ftate- ly Toms upon his own charge.. Much more might be fpoken of his inclinations to piety in his way; now touching his Juftice which next to Religion is the grea- tejl column that Jupperts a Kingdom, ther be divers examples therof, for he was the common Arbiter of difference betwixt Princes, he ended the conteft between Ferrara and Luca, betwixt the Venetians and tlie OVlaltcfesGenoa and Sa¬ voy , twixt Savoy and Mantova. He was alfo very munificent, and an exaft rewarder of Services, infomucls that old Commanders, knowing hi* difpofition that way, wold com and boldly demand Ayuda de cojlas, ora fpeciall reward from him, notwitftanding that they were payed all their arreares before.- One day there happend a facccious paffage twixt an old Captain who had fervd him long in the Belgian Warrs, and being delayed by the Councell of State, he went to find the King, who was then at the Efcurial!, where itliappend he was a hunting; the Captain takes his Mule and meeting the King Angle by himfelf in the field, the King began to dif- courfe with him, and askd him what he was, the Soldier thinking he had bin fom privat man, told him all, how he had fervd Don Philip fo many years in the Ne- therlands If Kingdom of SfzJl *P LES. therlands, and now he was com to demand his reward from him, the King re¬ plied, asking him whether 'Don Philip owd him any thing in point of pay. No, anfwerd the Captain; then fayed the King you can demand nothing of right, being fatisfied all your arreares, and I beleeve ‘Don Philip haring fo many Irons in the fire, and being deeply in ttebt himfelf will hardly give you any thing, the Captain broke off abruptly and*fayed, Pues ejueme befc lamuDinel culo , Then let him kilfemy Muhin the tayle- theKingcalld him again, and askd him what addrefles he had made, he told him that he had often attended the Councell of State and VVarr with his memorjalls, but he could do no good, for he could ne¬ ver light upon the King there ; well, fayed the King, the Councell of State and Warr fit to morrow and I fhall be there , for I am an Officer in thac Councell, thetforeif you com I (hall let you in, and you fhall fee ‘Don Philip himfelf to whom you may make your own tale; the King prefided himfelf the next day in the Counceli, and gave fpeciail order that if fuch a man came, giving a defcrip- tion of him, and his name which he had learnt of him, he fhola be let in ; the Captain being entred, and feeing the King there and all the Conncel bare-head¬ ed before him, though he knew him to be the fame man whom he hed met the day before in the Efcurial, & knew him alfo now to be the King,yet he was not much out of countenance; the King askt him whether he remembera what difcourfe had paffd betwixt them in the field the day before, yes Sir, fayd the Captain, then you remember you fayed. That if the King would not give you a reward he might kifs your CMule in the tail. Sir, anfwerd he again, Senot lo dicho dichio mi tMula ejla debaxo a lit pnertu, Sir, what I fayd, I fayd, and my Mule is below at the Court gate; The King was not awhit movd hereat, but gave him his hand to kifs, and commanded a good reward to be given him; Yet King ‘Philip gave another kind of anfwer to another Soldier who petitioning him for fom ad of bounty, hetold him,/ a tides lot ejuc mepiden dari.i, prefto pediriajo,If l fhould give to all thofe thac petition me, I fhold com to beg my felf: And it is a rule in Govern¬ ment, that he who knows not here to deny knows not how to raign. He had a marvailous equality of mind, and conftancy of difpofition, which rendred him a great Matter of his paflions, and to have an abfolut Empire over them : Neither good or bad news could move him, qrtaake him go from home, or depart from his wonted felf, neither the one could tranfporc him to extraor¬ dinary fits of joy , nor the other to dumps of fadnefs , he was of fuch an admired temper, I will produce a few inftances ; 'The worft newes that ever came unto him was the difmall ill fucceffe of his fleet in the yeer 88. and when the Courtier that brought him the firft tidings came puffing & blowing with a halter abouc his neck, he was then looking upon a Mafon fettling a corner ftone in the Efcurial but before he wold ask him a queftion or receave the packet,he flayed till the Mafon had don his bulinefs, then reading the lecter of advice from the Duke of Medina with all the circnmttance of thac deplorable expedition to England, without the kaft motion or change of countenance, he fayed onely, welcombe the will of God , 1 fent my Cofen the Duke of Medina to fight with men not with the Elements • Two of the moft comfortable tydings that ever came unco him, wer thole oftheBattail in the gulph of Lepanto, the other oftheconqueft of Portu- fal when the maiden news of the firft was brought him, being heighened with much Eloquence and exaggeration of fpeecK, yet nothing could move him to go from himlelf, but without the leaft motion of extraordinary joy, he gravely an- fwtrd cMucho ha aucentnrado mi Hermano Don Juan, my brother Don John laft venturd very far, and it was the firft time he ftild him brother: Touching that of Portugal, when the fi ft intelligence was brought how the Duke of Alssa had dif- conffited the forces of‘Don Antonie, and made himfelf Matter of Lisbon, and fo of Portugal, one of the greateft additions that ever befell the Spanifh Monarchy, he calmely fayed el ‘Dncjtfe de Aina es un gran capitan,) neuy hembre de bien, The Duke of Alua is a great Captain, aud a very honeftmau; He was ufd to have a faying often in his mouth el tiempoyyo pata otros dos. Time aud I will challenge any two in the world: Indeed he was mighty deliberat and cautious in all his undertakings andfomwhat flow in counceli, remembring the faying of his Fa- 1 6 The HiJlo'j of the thcr the Emperour, That Kings Jhold be like Saturn, which as it is the hirhejl ft it is the flornjt of all the Planets in point of movement ; now flownefs carried with it commonly a (lately kind of gravity which he affefted much, and therin wai a tru Spaniard, who will hardly change his pace though it be with a whip. He very much honord the Sacerdotal / dignity, efteeming that reverence which he did to Gods Minifters to refled upon his owff divine Majefty, A gentleman of Toledo Ihott a Musket at a Canon of the Church, though it milTd him yet he caufd the gentleman to be beheaded,and another for giving but a cuff to a Capu¬ chin Fryer; Ther was a procefs of fower and twenty yeers handing in Valentin, who (hold give the Pax at Mafs to the Prieft , the Vicc-roy or the Arch-bifliop’ the Duke of Tfaiara had conceded much for it; not long after King Philip came to his City of Valentin upon fom fignall ocafions, and being at a conventuall Maffe in a Monaftery, he commanded him who carried the Pax to give it firft to the Arch-bifliop, & fo the fuit was ended; he held that a reverend an to the Gover¬ nors of the Church was the prime fupport of piety , they having charge of the noblcft part of man which is his Soul-. And herein he was much in the right, for wher this awfull Reverence is loft, nothing but Sacriledg.confulion.and Herefy will follow, as wefind by late woful experience,befides this reverence to Church-men is often very available to compofe tumults. As hedid put a fudden end to that church coft- teftation beewixt the Arch-bifliop and Vice-roy, fo he had aMagifteriall andMa- jeftick way of reconciling differences and emulations among his Nobles: In a Parliament he had once fummond ther fell a high debate twixt the two great Cities of Toledo and r Burgos(t\\c one being the head of old Cajlile, the other of the new; who of them (hold fpeak firft, and the debate grew very high, Phillip hca- r j n 8,°f r ‘ t came with all the Enfigns of Majefty to the Parliment-houfe, and ended the difference by this wicty way , hahle Buroos, e,uepor Toledo hahlareyo, let \ ur l°f fpeak for Toledo I will fpeak my felf, To they did acauiejfe, but which oS them had the better, I leave it to the judgment of the Reader. Thus the pradife of this-King may be a pattern for all Princes to govern by his way of ruling may bearuletoraignby, the manner of his living and dying may be a rule tody and live by ; yet a little before hi* death he commanded C hnjtoval de Mora to burn all his privat paper*. Philip the fecond had four Wifes, the firft was the Infanta of Portugal Donna Marta the fecond was CMary Queen oi England, the third Ifahel the elded Daughter_of France, and the fourch,. Anne the Emperours Daughter (bis Necce) of whom he had Philip the third who fucceeded him ; he had in all five Sons and three Daughters, Don Carlos was his firft begotten,who dyed in the flower of hi* age, but becaufe ther have bin and continue to this day divers dark difeourfes of 5^ ure the Princes death, I will be more large in the relation according to pI !' ad t, fr °r m 1 f c f0n of kuowledg and honor. Don Carlos eldeft Son to Philip the fecond of Spam, was born in Valladolid fomtimes the Court of the Catholic Kings: In his Fathers abfence he was, being com to the age of fourteen yeers bred undei'the King of Bohemia his Uncle, whothengo- vernd Spam, with>his Ant Donna Juana, during chat charge they had of him, they wer more carefull of the confervatiou of his health and growth then of hi* Edu¬ cation, (hewing herein too much indulgency, and fuffering him to have his will too much; His Father at his return to Spain obfervd in him fom wild.fli hu- rnors which he conmvd at thinking that time wold corred them ; At lixteen yeers ot age he was (worn Prince in the City of Toledo, with the greateft folemnitv thac ever was feenm Spam; his Father then fent him and his Uncle DonJohn of Au- fina together with Prince of Parma, to Complutum or the Univerfi- ty of Alcala to get fomthing ofthe Latin Toung, and fom knowledg in theMa- hf fn ks; | U t a , pper l d th K aC m 8 wa ee«ry diming up a Ladder as hf came down icinoilnr n L UCkl y ’ r“ W8S morcally hurt in his skull and back-bone, the fLr n h ftan y 'a fe if ! in V W r tn he found him in a fwown, all the Churches prayed for him , and the body of Samt ‘Diego which is the greateft relique they have miAtcala was brought and put upon him a good while, he then began to om to himfelf again, fo a while after by the care andskill of i* Bdfili he was Kingdom of T LES. was cured, but to make vent for fom congeald corrupted blood that was within he was forcd to open part of the Pericranium, which made him ever after to be ofa weak brain, fubjed to extravagancies; he wold fomtimcs go up and down his Fathers honfe and abufe his Servants, he wold hurl out fom out at the windows kick and cuff others: One time he made his Shoomaker to eat a peeceof his Boots, becaufe they wer too ftreight for him; Cardinal F.fpimta coming one day to Court he grappldhim by the Rocket, and threatned him by the life of bis Father. Thefe and fuch like exorbitances did much afflid Don Philip his Father, who once intended to have fent him to Flanders, upon the beginning of the com¬ motions there,and withal the Emperor Ferdinand feemd to invite him, offring the Infanta Dona Anna to him in marriage, but the Prince continuing in his maddifh tits, the King alterd his refolution and fent thither the Duke of Alua , who com¬ ing to kifs the Princes hands before his departure, he told him in a great fury, that he {hold not go to Flanders,ftr the voyage belonged unto him, and if he contradiFl- ed him he mold kill him: A little after he writ to divers of the Grandees, that they wold afiift him in a bufinefs which much concernd him, theyreturnd are- fpcdfull anfwer.that they wer tready toferve him in any thing, fo it Veere not againfi his Father: Thefe Letters were fent to King Philip, and Don John ok AufirU be- mg then at Court difcoverdunto him theextravagancdefigns of the Prince, which was to deal away to Germany , to marry his Cofen the Emperors Daughter , ha¬ ving for his jorney fent him from Sevi/l 150000. Crowns, and he exfpeded 350000. more; King Philip being then at the Efcuriat , and having timely notice hereof, came prefently to Madrid, whither he fent for the Duke of Feria with others of his privy Counfellors; In the dead of night he went with them to the Prince his Quarter, the firft who entred was the Duke of Feria,the Prince flaring upon him from his bed, fayed, Duke what do yon here this time of night ? prefently after appeard his Father wherat the Prince ftarted, faying, queesefto quiere me matar vuefira CHagefiad, Whats this, wilt your Majefty murther me ? the King anfwerd, no,y» no poner trdcn en vuefira vido quietaos, no, but to take or¬ der for the prefervation of your life, be quiet; fo he took his Sword which was by his beds-head, and caufd a fteel Cabinet to be carried away, telling him it fhold be returnd him again,after fom papers of his were perufd ; fo the King departed Rawing a guard upon him: There was a huge murmur the next day all the Courc over, that the Prince fhold be thus made a Prifoner, being the greateft heir in the world, but the King the next dry writ to all his Vice-roys and chief Officers, that they [hold not much wonder at this fudden aft ion or he too inquifitive to know the caufe of it, or trouble themfelves to intercede for the Prince, let it fuffie.e for them to know that it tended to the common good, that he was his Father , and knew what belongd to things: He fent alfo to all the Ambaffadors at Court, not to intermeddle, or trouble themfelvs about this bufinefs; the Prince being thus reftraind , and his humors being as fiery as the feafon, which was the Dog-daies, he drunk much water coold with fnow out of an artificial! Fountain he had, which with fom o- therexceffe and diforders made him fall into a double Tertian, he afterwards fell a vomiting, and to a dyfentery proceeding from the extream cold water he nfd to drink fo much: The Kings Phyfitians did carefully attend him, andufd whac Art cold do; buttheDifeal'eprovdmorcall, and beyond cure; hereupon the Councell lat to advife whether it was fitting for the King to govifithim, fom wer of opinion that the Prince was well dilpofd to dy a good Catholic, and the fight of his Father mighc happily difcompofe him, yet the King went in and gave him his benediction, but flayed not, and fo returnd with more grief and lefs care : A little after the Prince expird being twenty three ycers old, he had made his Will before, which he deliverd his Secretary, wherin he defird his Father to forgive him, and to give him his blefiing, to pay his debts andgive his movables to Churches and Hofpitals, and that his body fhold be buried inToledo, which was performd •. His Funerall was prepard the fame day he dyed, for at feven in the evening the Grandees carried his body out to the Court-gate, wher the Gun- ' do with other AmbafTadors and a great concours of Noblemen were ready to at¬ tend the Herfe. E 3 The i8 C 1 be Hifiory of the The hard deftiny and death of this great young Prince with the extraordinary * circumftances therof may teach the world this leflon, that the love of a Father , mafl give place to the office of a King , and that jealoufy among Princes works more powerfully then naturall affeBions. 1. This was one of the four Ads for which King Philip made himfelf fo fub- jed to be cenfurd abroad in the world, for papers flew in many places chat he * had poyfond his Son. 2. The fecond was in the tranfadionof the bufinefs of wherehewas taxd to have falfifyed his own rnanifefto , wherin he declard that the Army under , lion Alonfo de p'ergas was intended for France, wheras it proovd afterwards to have bin exprefly rayfd to furprize Saragofa. 3. The third was the bufinefs of Portugal, for wheras he had declard chat he was willing to refer the right of Title to chat Crown to the decifion of the Pope, he invaded and conquerd che Country before the Tfuncto cold com to the Spa- nifh Court, though he knew he was upon his way and already landed in Spain to ' that purpofe; but hefent fpeciall Commifiion to the Towns through which he was to pafs, that they fhould entertain and regalar him fom dayes, while in the interim he did his bufinefs in Portugal. 4. The fourth was the conniving at the Murther ef S/covedo Secretary to Don John of Auftria which was perpetrated with his privity,as Antonio Perez, confeffd upon the Rack.which made this Charader to be given of him,that there was but a ^ little diitance betwixt Don Philips . rifa y el cuchillo between his fmile and dm ( Scaffold, his prudence fomtimes turning to excefs offeverity .But as the hearts of Kings are infcrutable, fo their waies (hold be, their adions fomtimes muft be at¬ tended with politicall cunning, and extraordinary power to crufh Cocatrices in > the fhell to prevenc greater inconveniences, as God Almighty, whofe immediac Vicegerents they are, doth ufe fometimes his omnipotence in exceeding the Rules and common courfe of nature. s. / Kingdom of jfaAT? LES 1 9 PHILIP THE THIRD, XXVIII KING . NAPLES. (HIL IP the third of Auftria fift Son to Phi/if the fe- cond, by Donna zAnna the Emperors Daughter, and his fourth Wife fucceeded his Father in all his Dominions, both in the new and old World; He was born the 14th. of eApril, 1578. in the Palace of Madrid , and was Chriftned upon the Feaft of Philip and Jacob, the firft of whom may be fayed to be his God-father, fix yeers after he was created Prince of ‘ n the Monaftery of Saint Jeronimo- the next yeer after he was created Prince of Aram in t JWonfon, the next yeer after he was created Prince of Na- 3 ; n rhe rathedrall Church ot Pampelona, and laftiy Prince of Portugal SKch mlSe SH .0 h»v. chi. priv.ledg abov^Llhi, !»r<:de«n'or, /« Lorens and Don Diego) fo eafily is humane judg- m The d firft d thing he did was the fending of a new Vice-roy to the Kingdom of wi/e/then after that long deftruftive Warm the Nether-lands which hadfo ragdtn'his Fathers time , he made a Truce with the Hollanders, but m thefe am- biluous words/** contento de tratar con vos otros como con Efiados hbres I am con¬ tented to treat with you as with free States, wherby according to the Spamlh ex - poficion of thofe words, he intimated they were no free States, by vertu of this lo The Hijloy of they ■ word As, for it is a rule in Logic,that Nullum fimile eft Idem.Ho thing that is like a thing is the fame thing; therfore if he treated with them as with free States, ~ they were no free States: This Truce afforded much matter of difcourfe for the Criticks of thofe times. He did this by the advice principally of the Marquefs of Denia afterwards Duke ( of Lermanhom whom he cook for his Privado or his Favorit, to whom he tranfmit- ted the guidance of all great affairs being confcious of fom imbecillities of his ' own, wherin he difcoverd a great point ofwifdom, whofe chiefeft pare is for one to know his own infirmities and incapacities. But I fhould have fpoken firft of the peace he had made with England, which ! preceded this, and was the firft great aftion he did, when he began to fit at the Healm of chat mighty Veffell; I mean the Spanifh Monarchy, which inhisFa- x thers time had bm toffd and weather-beaten by fo many impetuous and fierce Tempefts: to conclude this peace, he imployed the chiefeft Officer of Spain, the Conftable of Caftile in a very high and magnificent equipage, in correfpondence , wherof England fent her high Ad mirall; herein he followd the counfell of Charts the fife his Grand-father, who had this faying often in his mouth, fin Soda elmnndo guerra, j pis*. con Ingalac jerra. With all the World have War, i But with England do not jar. Before thisEmbaffy to England the common people of Spain were made to be¬ lieve by their preaching Jefuits, that englilh-men fince they receded from the Roman Church were ftrangly transformd.fom had faces like Hogs,fom like Dogs, fom like Munkies, but the Conftable at his return did reftifie his Country-men in this point. Philip being now in peace with all Chriftian Princes, and being addifted to de¬ votion in a high degree, he thought it a work acceptable to God Almighty, and agreeable to the office of a Catholic King, to cleer Spain of the Mahnmetan Mo- rijeos who had planted themfelves ther above feven hundred yeers: He puG the bufinefs to many ferious deliberations, the refult wherof at laft was, that it I wold be a high aft of Chriftian Piety, and gratefull to Heaven, fo there was- a royall Ban of banifhmcnc publifht againft the cMmiftes who were difperfd up & down fpecially in the Maritime parts of Spain, which border upon the Mediter¬ ranean Sea in great multitudes, to the number of many hundred thoufand fouls, who were all hurried over to Barbarj,bw permitted to carry with them all their movables, and make falc of their other goods, the King providing Ships and pay¬ ing for their transfretation ; the motive that indued Philip to this Aft was that he thought it a thing unpleafing to God, that fo many Inf dels and Mahumetans (hold mingle fo thick with CkriJItUns, that many thoufands had bin baptizd but they apoftatizd and grew greater enemies to Cbfs then before, that there were fundry plots and machinations difcoverd, as alfo the intelligence theykeptwith the Turk the common enemy of Spain. The firft advice whereof was given by the Englilh Ambaffador the Earl of T(otingham, who brought Letters with him that had bin fent King fames, how the fayed CMorifces had a fecret defign to introduce the meat Turk, and lo to joyn with him for the conquering of Spam, as the Conde ‘Don Julian did with the Moors. Henry the fourth of France fent him alfo intelligence tending to that end. So in a Ihort time the Country was rid of them, as it was formerly of the Jewes, in the time of Ferdinand and 1 - Jabella-, But there were fom incommodities followd, for Spain was much depopu¬ latedand impoverilht hereby, fpecially for Corn and other Vegetals, for thofe Monfcos were an induftrious people, & wold grub up Corn and Pulfe with other things, out of the tops of thofe craggy Hills wherwith Spain is bunchdinmoft places, fo that the Spaniard who naturally isflothfullunlefsitbein the Wars fas the lurks are) had nothing to do, but having put on his Sword and dwelling Kingdom of^C^TLES li ruff, but go with his Afs to the Market, and buy corn of the Mori/cos, who ufual- ly fed upon bread made of Mats., or feme other Pulfe, fo that the Spaniards for the moft part did eat by the fweat of other mens brows. Philip the third having as formerly it was fpoken, concluded a peace with Eng- > land, and a Truce with the Dutch, part'd moft part of his Raign inquietnefs, which feted bcft with his difpofition, he being a Prince wholly devoted to exer- _:r _ c »T.r _ u j ■ , _ _ l fervd what his Father left him, wheras the other loft France where he had bin Crownd King in his Cradle. And this happinefs of Philip may be imputed to the fage conduit of the Duke of Lerma , who was a found and well-weighd Mi- nifter of State, of a ‘Debonnair and affable deportment quite contrary to the ge¬ nius of his Succeffor Olivares who was of a 'rough rigid humor. Philip the third after he had reignd 23. yeers died, as he lived in a fweet peace¬ able way, and he was called Philip el Bueno, Philip the good, as his Father was calld Philip the prudent. Philip the third to pay his Fathers Creditors, and disburden the Crown of thofe vaft Arrears wherwith it was moft heavily laden, in regard of fo many Irons he had to beat all his life-time, wasfored to inhancethe Gabels,and lay newimpo- fitions, as in other places fo fpecially in the Kingdom of Naples : Now thofe who cut out Thilip the fecond moft work to do,were Henry the fourth of France , and Elizabeth Queen of England, the one was fayed to play the Barber and fhave him, which Harry did fo nimbly and dextroufly as if he had bin born to the Trade, and old Be/s held the Bafon while he walhd Philips head and face, but it was given out that he did this without Camphire Ball,or any Soap at all,but with ftale Ly and ftrong Handing Urine. There was about that time a witty Italian Author, whofe fancies are frelh to this day, who being no friend to the Spaniard, writ many things by way ot drol- 1 lery againft his mode of Government in Sicilie, CMilan and Naples, fpecially in the la/t; And as he defcants upon the Servitude which that wavering and wan- i ton people were redued unto, for their fo frequent Sollevations and Revolts, he fayeth, that to punilh with fom feverity the Napolitans for thier infidelity andl murmurings againft their former Kings.it pleafd the Majefty of the heavenly Judg 1 to deliver them into the hands of 'Pharr, to receive law from him, meaning the Spaniard, who having felt the pulfe of that luxurious people, by his interior Ca¬ binet councell, was advifd that there was no better way to preferve Naples in a conftancy of obedience, then to bringdown the flefh,and tame thathot metteld, I and fpirited Florfe or Courfer which {he gave for her Enfign: therupon there were appointed Riders, Grooms, Smiths, and others to look to him, and break him, they found that he wasfo wanton that he wold hardly receive Bit, Bridle, ' or Saddle, that he was of a mighty ftrength, therfore it was fitting fo pamperd an Animal {hold be brought low and mortified : Somthingwas don in Charles the 1 fift’s time to this purpofe, but his Son ‘Philip did finifh the work, who had almoft rid him quite of his legs; infomuch that at the beginning of Philip the thirds ' Raign, there was a fpeciall Junta appointed to meet in the Piazza at Naples to take a view in what cafe he flood; The poor Bead was brought forth, and he was grown fo feeble that his legs could hardly ferve him to be foftly led into the Market-place : It was a moft pittifull objeift to fee how that generous Cour- / fer who had once fo much fpirit and ftrength as to carry two Kings at once, {hold becom now fo weak and meagre that he could not bear a Pigmey,one might ’ now tell his ribs, his back alfo was miferably gald by carrying of Panniars, and withallhe was found full of bunches, hisfeec foundred and one of his noltrils , flit, yet thofe who had the chief care of him, kept locks on his feet, and a ftrong halcer about his neck and face, with dark Spettacles on his eyes . now there was exquifit fearch made in the Junta how he was grown fo poor, anfwer was made, that though he be low in flefti, yet he is as high in fpirit as ever he was, and was ■ ever and anon ready to kick and winch, therfore it was fitting that the allow¬ ance of Provander which he hath now {hold be rather diminifhc then mended: F f 5 Therefore The Htjlory of the Therfore the grave members of the Junta appointed that the Rack (hold be raifd a fpan higher, and that the third part of his Provender (hold be taken off. When this hapned,i their chancd to be prefent in the Pianzat, fom learned men and Philofophers, who refenting much, and taking co heart that wofull Speda- cle, out of pure pitty askt the Junta how they could find in common compaffion,’ which obliges every one to be good to his beaft, to diminifh the Nutriment of that poor Animal, who was fo wafted and worn away, that there fcarce remain¬ ed any thing of him but flefh and bone; The oldeft man of the Junta gave a fhort anfwer to the fayed Philofophers, telling them that they (hold do better to attend their own calling, to difpute of Entities and Quiddities, then to intermed¬ dle withjpoliticall matters,wherin they feemd to be fuch Simpletons: For in cafe that Caprichious beaft were ufd better, he wold quickly repay their mildnefs with biting & kicks, as he had moft ingratefully ufd fom of his former Riders who were fo open handed unto him, divers of whom he had thrown of into ditches, by his excefs of mettle, and if one (hold mend his commons that inftable Animal wold foam at the mouth as much as ever, and raife tumults and feditions againfthis benefactors and keepers: Therfore whofoever will enter into an exa <5 and ju¬ dicious ponderation of things and of the tru Mode wherby that flouncing Ani¬ mal (hold be kept,he muft not look upon the meagernes of his belly,or buttocks, buc upon the mifehievous quality of his genius, who is (till as caprichious a lo- ver of novelty as ever he was: Therfore wo be to the Catholic King if that fe¬ rocious Napolitan Horfe (hold have ftrength and opportunity to put in executi¬ on what he doth incefTantly call and chymerize in his own brain againft the pre¬ fent government ; Therfore if any thing be to be complaind of it proceeds from the ill nature of the beaft, rather then the feverity of the Spaniards; nor can any deny buc it is a high point of wifdom,& no lefs of charity with well weighd coun- ccls and prudent artifices to take of by way of prevention the means of doing ill from him who alwaies intends mifehief, and is not capable to j’udg when one doth ufe him well and do him courtefies, infomuch that there is no medicament can cure the chanchrous humours of the Napolitan, then by applying therunto fom corrofives of the Spanilh feverity. The fame Author proceeds further, and fains that Almanfor King of Grana¬ da, meeting cafually with the Kingdom of Topics, they joyntly condole their calamitous condition of fervitude caufd by the tyranny of the Spaniards, as they walkd and mingld fpcech a good while together , sAlmanfor obfervd the fafhion of that Chain which the Kingdom of Tuples carried on his legs, becaufe it lookd like a Morifco Manufacture, and furely he had feen and handled that Chain be¬ fore, fo looking neer upon it, he (truck his bread in a kind of aftonilhment, fay¬ ing that he was well aquainted with that Chain, for it was the very fame wher- with he and his Antecelfors the Morifco Kings had kept moft of the Kingdoms of Spain the fpace of feven hundred yeers and upwards in obedience and (ervili- ty, therfore he earneftly defired to know how, by whom, and when Tpaples had got on that Chain. The Kingdom of Staples anfwered, a moft excellent memory haft thou King AlmanJor, for this unhappy Chain which I carry was brought firft from Spain by C'onfalMo tie Cordova calld the great Captain, therfore it is very likely that it is the fame you fpeak of; and now it is above an age pa(Td, I mean a Century of fad Winters that I am fallen into fuch a deplorable kind of flavery, wherof I know not whether I (hall ever>rid my felf,becaufe I find-that the Spaniard is mounted to (uch a height of power that it hath made me loofe all hopes I (hould have in the arrncof man for recovery of my loft liberty, it is the only omnipotent hand of God can do it, by doing fuch another miracle as he did in the Red Sea. Almanfor replyed, the calculation falls pat you fpeak of, for it was about the very fame time that the Spaniard (hook off the Chain wherwith you go now bound ; but let it not be uncouth unto thee moft noble Naples, to relate how it was pofiible than the Spaniard (hold impatronize himfelf fo eafily of a King¬ dom fo far diftant from him by Sea and Land: ^/wrejoynd. It was by fraud that the Spaniard mtrodued himfelf toJtalj, for by pure force he coujd never have _ Kingdom of Mj-J'F LES. hive made fuch acquefts fo far beyond the proportion of their ftrength; there¬ fore liften well to me, and yon will be aftonifht of the large confidence which «ne King of Spain carried about him, though he made himfelf appear to the world like another Saint Macarius -painted upon fom wall. Alphonfo my King to draw oa his laft, and my principall ruine , gave Ifabel hisNeece (fori will take the rife of my Relation from this unlucky Marriage^ to John (y aleazzo Duke of Milan in marriage; In regard of the ftupidity of John Loawicf Sftrza occupied the Rate of his Nephew, King isflfonfo as nature obligd him thought to prevent that ufurpation, Lodwickfinowing well that he could not com to the end of his aimes without the deftrudion of my Kings, took a precipitat refolution to call in the French for the Conqueft of me, an a&ion which afterwards prov’d fo feneftous to all Italy: My Kings therupou to coun¬ terbalance France, had recourfe to that holy Soul Ferdinand King of Aragon their Cofen, who ftiewd himfelf fo loving a Kinfman, and faithfull Confederat, that in lieu of chafing away the French he parted ftakes with them, and divi¬ ded me amongft them , but afterwards they fell out like Dogs about a bone, and Ferdinand made the French find cheir way again ore the Alps to repafsfhame- fully to their Country; fo Ferdinand made himfelf my abfolute Soveraign, and without any fcruple ofconfcience,and for my kind invitation he was the firft who gave me this Chain you fee, which as you fay is of the Manufacture of Barbary: And this the holy Ferdinand didfo a little after that he had receivd the Title of Catholic King from the Apoftolicall See; nor do I think King Almanfor that you ever heard or read of an Ad of more infidelity and ingratitude, by Sara¬ cen, Infidel , or Pagan. ^Almanfor went on, and fayed, truly I have converfd with divers Chronicle*, wherin I have met with many odd foul traverfes of State done by ambitious Prin¬ ces inhopetoraigne. But touching this Ad of Ferdinand, I ao not remember to have read any that can parallellit. Tfaples fayed again, but O King Almanfor if your Nation kept fall Spain fb many yeers in that Chain, what way did they ufe-to fhake it off t Almanfor fay¬ ed , that curfed Union which was made twist fafiile and Aragon by the nupti¬ als of Ferdinand and lfabella, was the caufc of my ruine, and of my SuccefTors af¬ ter me, as alfoofthefervitude wherofyou complain, a molt fatall union, which all the Potentates of Europe, fpecially of Italy, have as much caufe to curfe to this day, as I have; for the jealoufies twist the Cafiilians and Aragonians fe- curd alwaies my Kingdom of Granada: Add hereunto that the countenance and fuccours which the Popes gave to Ferdinand did accelerat the work. Hold there. King Almanfor ,(;ayed Tfaples,for fince you were caft out of Spain, the Popes havefutferd more by the ambitious defignes of the Catholick Kings then they did bcforcjfor nothing could be fo difadvantigious to Rome , as to have fo potent a Prince fo neer a Neighbour unto her, witnefs that Siege and lamen¬ table fack which fhe fufferd fo fooa after my fervitude by the Spaniard Bourbon being his General,wherby he hanfomly payed her for that alfiftance fhe gave him for the Conqueft of Granada-fince which time the ambition of Spain hathlbin felt in Italy, and in other places fo that it had bin more for the tranquility of Europe that the Moors had ftill continued in Spain. Add hereunto that thefe new additi¬ ons of power to Spain have tended much to the diferders ever fince thac have hapned unto you in matters of Religion; The jealoufies that Germany had of the growing greatnefs of Charles the fift, were the caufe that many Princes revoked from him and Rome ■ but fince the Spaniards have taken fuch firm foo¬ ting in Italy, the main reach of their policy is to joyn me and Milan in one cn- tire peece, by fubduing all the interiacent Territories, which if it happen, farewell the freedom of all Italy as well as mine. But fayd Almanfor, how are the Milanefe* ufd your Conterranean fellow Sub- jeds ? Naples anfwerd, that they of Milan were wafhd only with dafhes of Rain -wa¬ ter, but a whole deluge hath ovcr-whelmd me : Moreover the difpofition of the Lombard differs from mine, for the Noble-men and Gentry there are more free ana 7 he Hiftory of the and refolute, and more far from vice, they are better Patriot! and earefull of their Countries liberty, infomudi that I dare fay, if there were but one tru Cre¬ mona brain among my Napolitan Barons it wold be enough to dafti that forcd Donative which is evaded of me ever and anon, which brings me often to feed upon bread and Onyons: Add hereunto that the confines of the Grifons, of the Duke of Savoy, and the Venetian who are all jealous of the King of Spains grow¬ ing power makes him proceed with more difcretion and caution in his Territo¬ ries in Lombard'y. , This dialog twist Naples and esflmanjor being ended, the fame Author faignes all the States of Europe to be fummond before the oracle at Delphos to be weighd in a great balance held by Lorenzo de (JWedici , where the Monarchy of Spaine makingherapparance in a high majefticgarb, among other paflages, there was a Book prefented unto her by one of the Witts, the fubftance wherof was to dis¬ cover a way for to reduce to her ancient fplendor and freedom the moft noble Parthenope, and the once moft florifhing Kingdom of Naples, wheras by plundrings of the Soldiers, the corruption of the ludges, the fleecing of theBa- rons, the rapacity of the Viceroys, who are fent thither as Hoggs to a fty on¬ ly to fatten, the former luftre of that delicate Countrey is quite decayd. The Author receavd twenty Crowns of the Spanilh Monarchy for a guerdon for this Book, promifing that fhe wold deliver that difeours and avifos to her ConfcfTor toconfider of: Another pure Politician prefented Her with" a Treaty clean corv- trary, (hewing her a way how the Napolitan Courfer might be brought to bear a Pack-Saddle of a heavier burden, and to be made fo docil, that he might be fitt to draw her Coach upon ocafion: To the Author of this difeours the Monarchy gave 12O00 Crowns, and a little after he was Grandee of Spain. At this great Affembly in Dclphos ther was a Contrafto happend twixt Rome and Naples , who (hold have the precedency; it was decided, that for the Majefty of a Citty, Naples mnft eternally vayle to %ome, and Rome to Naples, for a de¬ ficit fituation; that Rome muft confefle there are mote people in Naples , but that Naples muft acknowledg ther are more men in Rome : Moreover it was necelfary that the Witts and Wines of Naples (hold be tranfported to Rome to receive per- feffion; it was alfo decreed that T^aples had more skill to break Colts, and Rome to tame Men ; It was confelfd further that ther were more Cavaliers in Naples , and more Ctmendums in Rome That among the Romans they were onlycalld Knights who carried a red Croffe upon their Garments, but in Naples all men indifferently might be calld Knights,becaafe the Spaniard made them carry Crqf- fes upon their very skins. Thus this ingenious Italian doth defcant upon the comportment of the Spa¬ niard in Italy, and his Book kept a great noifein the World, but the Spaniard owing him a revenge, and after a ftridt and long inquifition, not lighting upon him in any of his own Dominions, there were two Valentones, two Bandits , two Hirelings for bloud, found him out in Verona, and watching their oportunity, they went to his Lodging, under colour of a vifit, and every one of them having a bagg of Sand in his pockett, they focrufhd his bones, that they rattled within his skin, and haring fo difpatchd poor ’Boecolini out of this World, they fledd, having ftoned him to death with Sand. PHILIP # Kingdom of JfaAT LES if i PHILIP The Fourth of ;iA V ST%,1A, xxix. King O F NAPLES. HI L IP the third left behind three Sons and two Daugh" ters: the Sons were Philip (who fucceeded him in all hi* Dominions) with (fharies and Ferdinand , who was Car dinal and Arcfa-bifhop of Toledo; theyboth dy- ed'young in the Meridian of their yeers, one in Spain, the other being Governour of Flanders ; The two Daughters were cAnna of Auftria , and the Infanta Don¬ na Maria ; the firft was married to Lewis the thirteenth King o (France yetliving.the other tothe Emperor Fer¬ dinand now Raigning; King Thilip was but young when he took the Reins of the Government, being but fixteen yeers of age: There was a Treaty com- mencd a little after for a crofs manage twixt Spain and France, which took ef- fed: though there was much oppofition in France about it made by them of the Religion and their party; The Ceremonies of thefe reciprocal Nuptials were per- formd the one at 'Burgos in Spain, the other at Tourdeaux in France. In the firft the Duke of Lerma married the Infanta by commifiion from King Lewis ; In the fecond the Duke of Gujfe married Ifahel Daughter of France by proxy from King Philip ; the exchange of the two Princeffes was made upon a River calld Bidaf- fo hard by Saint John de Lux, which feparates the two Nations: There were two' ftately Barges provided to tranfport them, with divers forts of inventions of wit.- the Spaniards on their fide had a huge vaft Globe, reprefenting the world raifd upon a Pavilion very high, which made an oftentous {hew; the Duke of fjujft took 16 The HiJlorj of the took exception at it, protefting that he wold never bring ore the Princefs till the fa V d Globe v*as taken down, which was done accordingly; the next day the voung Queen came to Bay on, where Luynes then Favorit to the French King at- tended her with a Letter all written with the Kings own hand, in thefe words. Madam, S ince 1 cannot, according to mj defire find my felf neer you at your entrance into my Kingdom, to put you in pojfefiion of the poVoer 1 have, as alfo of my en¬ tire offe El ion to love andjerveyou ; ifend towards yon Luynes one of my confidentfi Servants to falnte you in my name, and tell you that you are expelled by me Kith much impatience to offer untoyou my felf, I pray therfore receive him favourably, and believe what he Jhall tell you : Midam/raw your mofl deer Friend and Servant, Lewi s. Luynes delivered her alfo from the King two richStanderdsof Diamonds, which (he receivd and kilTd, and from her own Table (he fent him a di(h of meat; In the morning (he returnd the King this anfwer. Sir, I much rejoy ced at the good news Luynes brought me of your CHayefiles health, 1 com therwith, being moft defirous to arrive where 1 may ferve my Mother, and fo 1 am making haft to that purpofe, and to kifsyour Majefties hands, whom god fre- ferve. Anne. T He Kingdom of Tfiaples to congratulat the Kings Efpoufals, prefented him that yeer with a Donative of two millions. Not long afceif there was a Treaty fet on foot for a mariage twixt the Prince of Wales, and the Infanta Donna Maria the Kings fecond Sifter, but there had bin an ouverture made before by the Duke of Lerma, for a match twixt our Prince Henry of England and the eldeft Infanta oMnnc now Queen of France, as hath bin (pofcen. This Treaty with England was above ten yeeri in agitation, it was a Web that lay long upon the Loom of Policy, and afterwards was torn off being juft wrought to the point of perfedion : By the endeavours of (fount Gondomar in England, and the Earl of Briftol in Spain, matters were brought to fuch a hope- full pafs, that it indued the Prince of Wales to undertake that hazardous youth- full journey to Spain, traverfing the whole Diameter of France under a difguife, being accompanied with the Duke of Buckingham, who was not only his Compa¬ nion but had bin his chiefeft Counfellor herein; they came both in an advantagi- ous time to Farts, for they were admitted to (ee a Mask , being Carnival time, wher the Prince had a full view of the Lady Henrietta Maria, who was defignd by Heaven to be his wife afterwards, though he little dreamt of fuch a thing then ; Thence by the name of fac and Tom : Smith, they potted to Spain, but two daies after twas difeoverd in the French Court what they were, therefore being fent after withal! pofiible fpeed, if they had flayed but three hours longer at Bayeis Monfieur Gramond had had order to flay them. Being arrivd at the Earl of Briftols Floufe in the Court of Spain at the clofe of the day, in the evening he was ftruck with amazement to fee fuch objeds there, having no fore-knowledg at all of the Plot, faying, / am afraid we are all undone ■ The next day there was a buz abroad that fom great man was com from Eng¬ land, but none imagind he could be the Prince : In the evening of the nexE day, the Duke of Buckingham went in a clofe Coach to the King of Spain, where he had pri vat audience, and he was returnd no (ooner but Olivares was fent to vide the Prince, which was done with extraordinary expreflions of joy and comple- msnt, Oliuarts faying, that Spain and England wold divide the World betwixt tbcmf Kingdom of Jfjid'TLES them; The next day.fomwhat late at night the King himfelf came in a clofe Coach to viiit him, but the Prince having notice of it met him half way, fo they greeted one another with mutuall embraces, there were diver* great Lords appointed to be the Prince his Officers and a part of the royall Pallace was preparing for his Quarter, whither the next Sunday he removd and rod in triumph , under a large Canopy of State, the King accompanying him all the way, and giving him ftili the upper-hand, all the Grandees, Noblemen, and Officers attended them in the fame manner as they ufd to do at a Coronation : Now it feems that Gondamar was the chief man who tracd this journey, for the next day after the Prince his ar- rivall he was made Privy Counfellor, and fuddenly after coming tovifittbe Prinse , he told him, that he was com to tell him ftrange news, which was, that an Englijh man was(born that morning Privy Counfellor in Spain , meaning him¬ felf in point bfaffe&ion : The third day after the Prince had bin there, the King of Spain with the Queen and the Infanta , who wore a blew Ribon about her left arme, that (he might be diftinguffht, came abroad in an open (lately way, of purpofe that the Prince might fee his Miftrefs, which he did out of a clofe Coach, wherein (fount Gondamar attended him, with the Englifh Ambaffadors. So much for matter of Ceremony, now touching theyM/hsKCfOflhe bufinefsic felf, when the Prince came thither ..matters had bin brought to that perfection by the activity of Ambaffadors, that there wanted nothing for the confummating of all things but the Popes difpenfation , which upon news that the Prince wa* com to Spain , was retarded, and fom advantages taken to clog it with fur¬ ther claufes; The Pope demanded caution for performance of fuch Article* chat were granted, in favor of the Roman Catholicks in England upon this match; hereupon Sir Francis Cotington rid Poll about it from Madrid, Touch¬ ing that point King James anfwerd, that he wold take his oath upon the Evange- tifts to accomplilh the faid Articles, and his Son the Prince (hold do the like; His privy Counfellors alfd (hold firm and fubferibe the fayed Articles, and this was all the fecurity King James cold give : Now wheras the Pope demanded thac fom Roman Catholic Prince fhould undertake for him and his Son in point of performance of Articles, he anfwerd, that he had not fuch an intereft in any luch Prince, fo matters began to gather ill blood, and were allmoft quite off the hin¬ ges, infomuch that there was a dark rumour abroad, how the Prince hadade- fign to get away privatly, and in a difguifeas he came; The Engli(h-men that were then attending the Prince, wherof there were a good number that were dyeted at the Kings houfe, and waited upon by Spaniards, wold often times break out into bold fpeeches, by difdaining the Dyet and'barrenrtefs of Spain, and jeering their proceffions .wherat there were exceptions taken , and the main bufinefs receivd fom prejudice by their indiferetions: tArchey the Fool, being then in Madrid, was admi ted one day to fee the King of Spain at Dinner, where he fell a talking and ftrutting up and down,The King asked what he fayd.an In¬ terpreter told him that the Fool fayed, King James his Mafler waslikeftto God Allmighty of any King upon Earth, the King asking him his reafon.he replyed.T^r Cfod Allmighty had but one fon,and he fent him to be Crucified among fewes, So the King of England had allfo but one Son,and he fent him to be Crucified among Spani¬ ards. In the interim the Prince (hewd himfelf paffionatly in love with the Infanta, and courted her in a very high way ; He had the fight of her often in public, and at Comedies, which are once a week in the Kings Court, where he wold fix and fallen his eyes upon her immovable a long time, without looking upon the Acti¬ on of the Stage-players, to the wonder of the SpeBators. The King had the o- ther fide of the River Manzanares , wheron his Royall Pallace (lands a Somer- houfe of pleafure, where the Infanta was ufd to go betimes in the morning to gather May dew, the Prince got up betimes one morning, and taking Mr Ed: Porter only with him, he got into that Somer-houfe, and was let in into the fore- Garden, but no further , becaufe the Infanta was in the other , theruponthc Prince got on the top of the Wall, and leapd down where the Infanta was, (he efpying him gave a kind of fcrich, wheruponthe old Marquefs who attended C L he HiJlorj of the her (with fom women) came and kneeld before the Prince, dellring him to ad’ vance no further, becaufe his life lay upon it, for he was to admit no man breath¬ ing to the company of the Infanta who was then his charge, fo the Prinee re- tird, the Marquefs waiting upon him to the door of the G arden, and opening it with.much humility, wheras before he had com ore the Wall. . As matters were thus atadoubtfull ftand, becaufe of the Popes demand in point of caution for the performance of thofe Capitulations which were ftipu- lated in favour of the Englifh Catholicks, by vertu of this match. The King of Spain gave the Princea vifit, and told him, thatrather then a Treaty of fo many yeers agitation (hold fall to the ground, and that thofe noble affeftions which he had fhewd his Sifter ( for whom he had put his perfon to fo much hardfhip and hazard by that heroik journey) (hold be now quite fruftrated, he him- felf wold undertake to fatisfie the Pope in this point, and offer himfelf to be a Pledg and Bail for the King of great Britan , and his Highnefs to perform the fay¬ ed Capitulations ; the Prince thanked him in the higheft degree thac could be, fay¬ ing, that this Favour tranfeended all the reft wherof he hadreceivd fuch multi¬ tudes from his Majefty : Hereupon the Pope being thus contented, there were Eonefires of joy, baiting of Bulls with men, and other Aftions of triumph in the Court of Spain; So thedifpenfation beingcompleatly com a little after from Rome, thcDefpoforio’s, or the day for a contract betwixt the Infanta and the Prince was nominated. In the interim the Pfuncio was privatly admitted with a Letter from the Pope to vifite the Prince, who made him this civill anfwer by an Interpreter; That he kiffd his Holynefs feet for the Favor and Honor he did him , 'Shich teas to he fo much the more efteemed , by how much the lefr it was defer - ■ved by him , but his Holines Jhold fee for the future what he wild do , and he doubted not but his Father Wold do the like , fo that his Holines Jhold not repent himfelf of what he had done. A little after the King and the Prince had afolemn enterview in the privat Gallery, for figning, fealing, and fwearingunto the Articles. TheKinghadthe Patriarch of the tVefi- Indies, the Duke of Infantado , Oliuares , and Gondamar with him; The Prince had the Duke of 'Buckingham , the Earl oi'Brifiol , and the Lord Jhton with him fo the Patriarch adminiftred the Oath upon the Holy E- vangeliftsunto King and Prince, which they interchangeably took.But a* Heaven would have it, Som few dales before the betrothing day was com , ic chancd that Pope Gregory the 15 th. dyed, and Vrban the 8 who fucceeded him fell fuddenly fick;hereupon the King of Spain gave the Prince another vifit,telling him that he had receivd ill news from Rome ,for his holy Father the Pope was dead.who wasfo good a friend to this Match, & now he cold proceed no further for the complea- tifsg of the work without a Ratification of the former difpenfation by the prefent Pope, whom he was to obey as his Spirituall Father, which task he wold under¬ take to do by his own Minifters without puting his Highnefs to any trouble, and the bufines was of that confequence that he feard it wold require fom time, in re¬ gard of the indifpofition of the new Pope, therforc he defired his Highnes pati¬ ence in the interim , and now that he had flayed fo many yeers for a wife , he Ihold noc think it much to ftay a few months longer; the Prince anfwerd. That he was forry for the news from Rome , and wheras his Majefty had a Spirituall Fa¬ ther, he himfelf had a Naturall Father to obey, who was now becom crazy and indifpofd in his health , which encreafd by his fo long inexpefted abfence from him being his only Son, therfore he had lent him a peremptory command to be in England in fuch a month becaufe Winter came on a pace, to which purpofe he had fent a royall Fleet for him under the command of the Earl of Rutland ; befides, he had intelligence that there were fome murmurings in England for hit fo long abode in Spain , which might break out into dangerous confequences, and hazard the rupture of the Match which had there fo many Enemies among the Puritans: Moreover he fayed, that when he came to Spain he thought he came not to treat of a Marriage , but to fetch home a wife whom he was lothtotrnft with any but himfelf; the King replyed, then your Highnes may pleafe to leave a Proxy Kingdom of jfaJE LES a Proxy behind you to do the work, and I (hall take it for an honor if you make me your Deputy to perform the Rites of the Efpoufals, which upon the faith of a Catholic Kihg {hall be perforrad the fame week, after that the Ratification fhall com from Rome, to which purpofe he wold engage his Contra tation houfe in Sevill, ifnecdrequird. The Prince {hewd himfelf to be mightily taken with this propofall, fo he left two Proxies behind in the Earl of TSrifto/s hands, one for the King and another for Don Carlos his brother, to be his Subftituces the wed¬ ding day; fo the Prince put bimfelf in an Equipage for his return to England, and the King with his two brothers and Grandees accompanied him beyond the Sfcurmll on his way, and wold have done it to the Sea-fide, had not che Queen bin then big wich Child: At their parting King and Prince often ombracd one another, but Oliuares and Buckingham did not part fo kindly, for the Duke told him that he was infinitely beholden to their Majeftiesof Spain for many royall Favors, as alfo to the Lady Infanta, and chat he wold live and dy there Servant, and continu to do his beft Offices for continuance of peace twixe tht two Crowns, but for your felf Count Oliuares he fayed, I muft tell you plainly you havedif- obligd me fo far, that I caunot make further profeffion of friendfhip unto you without flattery; Oliuares cured about and made this fhort anfwcr, acetolodie- fio , I accept of what you fay, and touching the firft part of your Speech, if you perform what you promife you Wrill do well, and I muft tell you that your owfl fafety depends upon it, but for any particular correfpondence of friendfhip twixe you and me, it matters not much, and fo I bid you farewell. Thus the King of Spain and the Prince of Wales parted with many interchan¬ ges of cndearraenc, in a field calld el Campa de Ealjain, not far from the Efcttri- all at the bottom of a great HilL upon which depat cure this monumental! Infcrip- tionwaserefted. Ill campo 'Balfain. H Eic ; ubifaufia firs tulit , ad prarsipti mentis radices In Dte patente campulo, folenni Regum venationenebili, fed in filenni Rei eventulonge Nobiliori ‘ Philippus Quartus Hifpaniarum Indiarutrsque Rex Catholic us , dr Carolus fire- miffimsu Wallsa PrincepspaBis cum Maria fireniffima Infante Nstptijs , adqstas petendas ( - ) Jt Fama per orbem) in HeSperiam proper abat ^ dextras dederttnt, dr inamplcxus mutuo rstent es pacts & Amicitia arern.1 fiadera rsodo aftrinxC’unt Hercstleo: O magnum & inviBttm Regum Par, fine pari, Nullsu rnekercule Her¬ cules contra duos , Ipft potius contra omries , perfidia fremenfe duo uAlcjda file dr falo Itsftsperabiles ; fifte Fama , non plus ultra ; viderunt , fufisexerstus ^JlupUerunt duo esfuflriactt fibolss Incrementa maxima Carolus Sc Ferdinandus firenijjimi /«»fe/,Gafper Oliviariorum excellentijjimus Comes , a Belli Statufcjue (fitneilijs, Sacri Cubsculi , cF Regij ftabuli fumsnus PrafiBus, Didacus Qarpentis Marchio cut fas per Jacratiorss ^AuD Itrnen ; Ex Britanms Johannes Comes Briftolist Orator Extraordinarim, Gualterus Aftonus etjues dr Legatus ex munere BarO Kenfingtonius pratoriana militia Anglia Dux Pofteritati facruni. In the field */Ba!fain. Here by the conduft of a propitious Star at the foot of a craggy Mountain inafpacious field, ennobled by the common hunting of Kings, but grown more noble now for the folemn event of the Thing • Philip the fourth Catholic King of both the Spaines and the Indies, and Charles the fereniffim Prince of Wales, Nuptials being agreed upon with the Lady Marj the ferenilTim 7 »/«»r«, to feck which (sa the Fame of ic flies through! he world) he ported to Spain, the faid King and Prince plighted theirTroths, and running imp mutuall embraces they tyed with an Herculean Knot, an eternall league of peace and friendfhip : O mighty and invincible peerles piir of Kings, no Hercules can be againft thefe two, and they two enough againft all; let.difioyalty rage never fo much, two H h Alcides 1 ? ^Ibe Hijlory of the Alcides infuperable both by Land and Sea. Fame flop thy mouth, for thou canft go no further ; Two of the Roy all branches of the Auftrian Tree Don Car¬ los and Don Ferdinand faw , beheld , and ftood aftonifht hereat, as alfo Qafpar themoft excellent Count of Olivares , chief Gentleman of the facred Bed-cham¬ ber, and of the royall Stables , as alfo Didacw Marques of Car-pip who had the ' golden Key, among the Britifh Heros John Ear! of Brifiol Ambaffador extraor¬ dinary, and Walter Afhton Ambaffador ordinary, with the Baron of Kenfingten, Captain of the Englifh Pratorian Bands. Sacred to Pofieritj. In this Infcription the Duke of 'Buckingham was not mentiond, though he was there prefent all the while, which fhews that the Spaniards did not fo much affeft him, yet was he at firft much efteemd, in regard of the charge and truft he had being the Princes Gardian, but afterwards he began to grow out of requeft by his French carriage,and over familiarity with the Prince d-r.Infomuch that his Commiflion being examind it was found to be figned only by King James and the Prince, wheras the Commiflion of Brifiol and Afhton wasfigndalfo by the privy Councell, and exemplified under the great Seal of England. Therfore the King of Spain being inftrutted by qlivarcs ,ient him word that he fhold not trou¬ ble himfclf any further in point of audience about the matcb,for he was refolvd to treat only with the twosAmbafladors.who had a more plenary power, and under- ftood the bufines better;foil blood began to engender betwixt Olivares ^Bucking¬ ham ,and ’Brifiol. The Prince was attended by fom of the Grandees,and Count Gon- domar to the Sea-fide , where being com not without fom danger, aboard the Prince-Rojall, he fent Mr. Clerk, a Creature of Buckinghams to c, Madrid , with a privat Letter to Brifiol , not to proceed in the bulincs of the Match till further order from England notwithftanding that the Ratification fhold com from Rome ; Clerks lay in 'Brifiols houfe, but was not to deliver him the fayed Letter till the Ratification fhold com, the Earl of Brifiol fufpedting fuch a thing, caufd a rumor to be fpread that the Ratification was com, hereupon the Letter was de- liverd him, fo he went to confer with my Lord Afhton about it, who was in joint, Commiflion with him to conclude the Match; heaskthim whether upon that Letter he wold fufpend the bufines of the Match, and Afhton anfwering, that the Letter was to be obeyed, Brifiol repiyed, that then he wold proteft againftbim, telling him that they had a royall Commiflion under the broad Seal of England , fignd, and feald by King, Prince, and Councell, therfore he conceivd that a pn- vat Letter from any other could not have power to fufpend t he Kings immediac command buc his own counter-command; he alledgd alfo that if when the Ra¬ tification came, they fhold delay a moment of the time in point of proceeding, the Infanta wold hold her feif difparagd in point of honor; He fubjoynd that this Match tended to the refhtution of the P alatinat , and fettling of an eternall peace in Chriftendom,which he knew wel the King their Matter did defirc with that ve- hemency, fo he brought AJhton to joyrtwith him in purfuance of the bufines, which was at fo fair a pafs, that they both made of them a great number of rich Liveries againft the wedding day, the Infanta went by the name of Princefsof wales , and the Englifh Ambafladors wold not be coverd before her , fhe had goc fom extraordinary Mattes to befung for the Prince's fafe return to- England-. She had divers new Sutes made for the Prince of rich perfumd Cordovan,fom em- broyderd wich Perl, fom with Gold, fome with Silk; She ftudied the Englifh lan¬ guage, and wore Chapins or high fhoos, which no young Ladies ufd to do in Spain , till they are either betrothd or married : Moreover the King of Spam had a purpofe to make a Daughter of his a Chriftian, and his Sifter a Wife the fame day, and to that end had commanded that the Baptifm and the Marriage fhold be folemnizd together; to which end a long Tarals was rayfd from hi» Royall Palace to the next Church, all coverd with rich Tapittry ; All the Gran¬ dees were fummond to be then at Court, and the great Ordinance were ordered to be difeharged in all the Maritime Towns upon fuch a day : So the long wifhd for Ratification came at laft compleat and full, but (as the Stars wold have it) as _ Kingdom of NjzAE LES. as the bufincs was upon its laft period there come (our Ports from England with, in the lpace of 24 houis with a new Commiflion from King fumes to the Earl of “Briflcl , intimating that wheras he treaced before fingly of a match , he (hold now joyn the Palatinat with it, and hare a caccgoricallcondufivcanlwer from the King of Spain for the reftitution of it; for he wold net marry hit /on withpej, and leave bis daughter in tears ; This (truck a ftrangekind orconlternation in the hearts of all men at tJMadrid, who wiflvi that the Poftiilions which brought the new Commiflion to Brijloll had all broke their necks on the way : the Infanta rctir d her felf, and wore a kind of mourning for fom daics, and an uoiveriali fad- nefs appeard in all faces. Hereupon the Earl of 'Briflel going to the King of Spain to demand a fiirrtn- der of the Palatinat, He anfwer’d that it was not irj his power todo it , forhee could not command an Emperour in whole hand* it was, with whom if England would entertain a Treaty , if the Emperour and the Duke of Bavaria woid not com to terms of realon, the fame arm which got the (ayd Palatinat for his Oncle (the Emperoat ) (hold joyn with the King of England to reconquer it for his ton tn law ; But this riot lacislying, Brijlol reeeiv'd Tetter* of Revocation, and (o going to take his leave of the King, be pulld off a ring of 1500/. price off his fin¬ ger and gave it him, fending him afeerwards a Cup-board o. old Plate valued at 20000. duckets. The Prince ac his departure left a great rope of Pearl and many boles of Jew¬ els mere for the Infanta, valued at 400000. crowns; but (he would not receive any tilltbe Ndptiallday, fo they were kept in thecuftody of one of the Secre¬ taries of State : But notwithrtanding that intelligence was fern how the two Treaties of Match and Palatinat were diffolvd by aft of Parlement in England, and that they were preparing for a War, yet the Spaniard comindcd the ftyd Jewell to be deliverd up to the Englijh Ambiflidor, whiah after were fent fafely to England; Out of the premiffesic maybe infierrd that the Spanjard did really tatend a match with England, which he faith he hath not broken to this day .- In Spain the King was young and hi* Favorit old , it was clean contrary in England which made the world abroad to wonder chat King fames (hold be tranfporced by the Councell of a young Favorit, as to fufferhimto drain the eonfcience of his fon fofar as to break the Match; now.moft remarkable it is, that is thePar- lemcnt (ccv'd him for «n Inftrument to do it, fo the Parlement wu the chief in- (Irument afterwards of his ruin. Thus the Spanifh Mitch which amus’d the world (o long , and afforded fuefe mt-tccr of d'lfcours was (uddenly dafhd, chat Fabriquc which was a rearing fo ma- nyyeers, and brought to fuch a point of-perfeftion that it only wanted a cover, fell down in a moment. A little before chefc times the Duke of Offuna a little man, but of * mighty fpiric.was Vice-roy of Naplct, where he had eomitted more extravagances then any Vise-roy ever did ; He raifd a War againftthe Venetian for a property of Dominion in fom part of the Adriatic gulph , wherin he eaufd theSignoryto fpend much creafure , but afeerwards it was found that this War was grounded rather upon the Capricio of his brain, then any juft realon : Theruponthe King ofSpain lent cheCardinall Borja to feize upon the government of Naples , and fend home the Duke prifoner it he found caufe; The Cardinal! carried the bufl- nes very privatly, and being com to 2 little Hand necr Naples, the fagacious Duke fmclling (omthing, fent a Bifhop to entertain and wait upon him , but it was indeed to ferve as a Spy toobferve his motions. The Cardinal made a fheW to go a hunting one diy in a Scdia, wher he had appointed one to be habited juft like him in another Scd a , the Bifhop being in the Field all the while, and feeing a man like him in the Scdia, he thought the.Cardinal was dill there,but the Car¬ dinal had privatly goc away toche c Marine, where be had a Soldiers habff lor a ditguife, and a Felucca ready for tranfporcing him to Staples, leaving the Biftiop waiting ftil upon the counterfeit Cardinal in the Field,& havingdivcrsconfidencs in the Cafile where the Duke was, he goc thither at the clofe of the day, over a (mall draw-bridg,and fu-rprized the Dukeifo fignal being given to the Town the Belie The Hiflorj of the Bells rang, and the great guns went all fuddenly off, fo the Collateral Conncell came to falute the new Vice-roy, and Ofuna was Cent prifoner to Spain , with thefe feverall accufations. ccufatiom therewith themofi faith full Cvie of Naples doth charge the Duke of GiTuna. I. again ft his Majeflies toil/be entertained a great number of Soldiers, I who by their mifearriages have committed many outrages, rapes and rob¬ beries , and if any complaind againfl them, the P lain tiffs toerefent away with threat stings and checks infeed of [ atisfatt ion f'om the Duke. II. He did put his Majeflies patrimony in diftribution, as it appeares by the accounts of the Kings Chamber, be fide s he toafled much of the cimmon treafiu- ry of the Town, depriving her of many priviledges . III. fKhcnhe fent Soldiers to be billet edin divers parts of this Kingdom, the poor people to rid themfelves of the trouble dr charge, us’d to refort to the Mar- chiones #/Carapolataro,wI><>w they were forced to bribe withpreftuts to do them good offices. IV. He caufd divers of his Majeflies Subjells to be taxdwitbfom enormous ofences-,which he didfiecanfe they IheldJland in the more awe of him : and being convincedby fnbordination offalfie witnefies, they were us'd afterwards to tom- pound the bufinefs by bribes. V. He entertaindthe fayd Marchionefs de (fampolataro publiquelyfor his Concubine , to which he us’d to fend the Marquis out of the way upon remote employments. VI. When Gabriel Sanchez his chief Chaplain left him , he fayd that hee would have never gont from the‘Duke if he bad gone duly to tjllafe, and ob- ferv’d ether divine Extreif is , befides he never f aw him confefs,orcometo the Communion. VII. He tooke out of the Church of the ^Annunciation the box wherein the Holi Sacrament was l^ept, and never rtflor’dit again. VIII. He committed rapes upon many yonng Mayds , he committed with a woman befon the holy Alter, and with another in the Chancell of St. Mi- riei Church. IX. He frequented Nunneries to profane facrilegious ends. X. He made a Feafl of Fie fb for all the Court ifians in Naples upon Maun¬ dy Thurfday, and was never us'd to obfervefafiing dayes. XI- He made another Feafl to fom if the principal Court if an- of Naples in Don Pedro de Toledo s Garden, whom he made to confes toith how many Church men they had traded, commanding an Inventory of their names to be taken. XII. Hewould often take Juana Maria a common Courtifan into his Coach and roe abroad with her. X 111. He Kingdom of j^ctAT LES XIII. He hadalwaysa Morifco Slave in his houfe , of wham he got a Ba¬ ft ard, which heefufferd to he brought up in the Mahumetan Religion , and be- ing dead, he voae buried after the rites of Turky. XIV. He did his utmcft endeavour to put debate between the Cjentrj and Cominaltp that they might bath make their recount to him. X V, As the holy F.uchar'tft was a elevating , he took, a piece of gold out of his pocket, and flood adoring it. XVI. The fame time as ('ardinall Rorgit came /e Nsples, he attempted to make himfelf Mafter of the two Caftles, and intended to befit gc them. XVII. Hee procurd many blanck,papers of the Gentlemen and Nobles Veith their hands andfeals underneath, whereby he made levies of great f umms out of the Duana by way of donation. X V 111 . He waflfully and unprofitably j'pent a maffe of money againfi the Republic of Venice, tranfported thernntomeerly by an extravagant humor , to revenge his particular quarrels- XIX. He hadfuCpeflfull intelligence with the Grand Vifier, and fern of the T urks Baft as. XX. He did many other alls of bbfcenity and wantonnes, as inviting [o ma¬ ny of the fairest Concubines into his (garden, where he had provided a lufcious banquet for them ; after which he commanded them to ftrip phemfelves flarfi naked, while he with a hollow trunk, (but Comfets at their naked bodies , which they were to take up ftanding upon their high Chapins'. XXI. That he caufd a Barber to ftrip himfelfft ark, naked , andftavehis Duches below,being alfo naked, and he all the while Handing with a great knife to cut of hit privy parts if he found any motion in them all the while. UWorc- over having extraordinary Forces by Sea and Land , he grew fo infolent that he began to chop logic and capitulat with the King his Mafler , propofing unto him that he /bold continue in this Government four jeers longer, that he Jbold fend him Commiffion to purfue the War againft the Venetian for dominion of jom part of the Gulph, With other extravagancet. The former accufacions were fent to <_Madrid with the Duke of OJfuna, with fundry more, yet was he admitted to kiffe the Kings hand ; but coming with his Sword like a Gane in his han i.bccaufe he was troubled with the gout, the King obferving his pofture, and turning his back upon him,went away to his private Gallery, whereat the Duke was over-heard to miittcr £fto cl tratar con mucha- chos. This it is to treat with hopes ' A little after he wasconfind to a Countrey Houfe hard by , whence at lift he was permitted to com prifoncr to his houfe in Madrid, being grown fo weak that he was carried in a Bed upon the (holders of men : fo he died a little after, and at his death he protefled , That the worft thing that ever he haldone agdinfl Spain, was, when he made his eldeftfon whom he could never abide. The Duchelshis Wife came one day and prefemed a printed memorial in a ve¬ ry high ianguage.to (oilicit the King for her Husbands refeafe, arid among other motifs in her Petition one was jhatfom ofheranceftors hadbroughs more Lands & Lordftips to the Crown of Spain, then fom of bis Afapefties Progenitors wer worth. Ther were two Cardinals, Borgia Sc Sapqta who confecutively fteceeded the Duke of Offuna, but neither the taxes ieflened, nor the times mended any thing under their government, but the people were ftil! pittifuliy peel'd' up and down, which made one to drop down this Satyre in divers Copies up and down the ftrc«s, I j Lamento The Hijlory of the Lamento de Napoli. P iet a, pietd che ogni If crania e vana Pargi remedto a i miei Chrifliani tAccio non fian ftrutati da of Portugal J eldeft Daughter marry a Thrive of Portugal that ft the Crown never defend to a gran¬ ger ■ and in caje [he Jhold marry to a Pritecc who is a ftranger let her not he .Queers, for ’we W,tl never have our Kingdom go out of the Race of rAePortugals1, who have made us Kings by their own valor, and by the effufion of their own blood without for- ra ‘tiow "'^Don Emanuel was the fourteenth King of Portugal from Don ttAlphow fo, and had for his Iffue lix Sons and two Daughters, as followed). 1 The Prince Don John his eldeft. 1 The Infanta Donna Beatrix, who wa* married to the Emperor Charles thefift, by whom he had Philip the fecond. The Infanta Dona, married to Emanuel Duke of Savoy. The Infant Don Luis who left behind Don Antonid an illcgitimat Son. The Infant Don Fernando dyed without Ilfiie. The Infant Don eAlfonfo Arch-bifhop of Lisbon, and Cardinal never mar- 7. The' nfant Don Henry Cardinal and Arch- bilhop of Dragon. £ The Infant Don Edward who left two Daughters, the eldeft was Mary Wife out o.f the Kingdom to Alexander Farnejfe Duke of Panna, the vouneer was married to Dost John Duke of Braganfa. After the death of £wagd up and down thigutters c/Naples 'Let ah the blood of my body spin out of my veins fiet this head skip off my {holders by a fatalJleefcF be pearchd up in this cMarket-p/ace upon a Pole, yet J jhahdy contented and glorious, it will be an honor and a triumph unto me that my life and blood perijhd info glorious a Con- queft. This Speech did wonderfully work upon the people, whofe hearts were ready to cooperac with him , fo for a handfdm beginning the Toll houfe for Fruit with all the books of accounts were bumMo the ground, with much of the Cu- ftomers goods which were Ihewd thereHereupon the Shops werefhut up and down almoft through all the City, and the Keepers of them went to other quar¬ ters of the City where theToll-houfesfor Corn,Flelh,Fifh, Salt, Wine, Oyle, Cheefe, and Silk,flood, alt which they burnt to the very earth, withal! the writing and Cuftom houfe books, as alfo all the Hangings and Houfhold-ftuflf were Lurid into a great Straw-fire together with fom Chefts of moneys and Place, and all burnt: And in chisconfufion there was this ftnekt point of Government al¬ ready , that it Was de tb fornmy one topotsrloinor take away any thing out of the fire {or his own life. The people all this while having met with no oppofmon at all, grew to be a- bove ten thoufand in number, and they made towards the Vice-roys Palace, ma¬ ny of them holding loafs of bread upon the tops of their Pikes, which was then very deer, becaufe of 1 he Toll upon corn : There were fom among the Brigads of boyes w’ho carried black clowts upon the tops of their Canes,crying out in do¬ lorous notes as they pafTd , Have pitty upon thefe poor Souls in Purgatory , who not being able to endure fo many grievances feek. how they may ejeape aVtay ; 0 bro¬ thers joyn with us 0 fijlers affift us in fo juji a caufe : Is fuch dolefull tones the\ ’ M m went The Hijlory of the went about, and coming to Saint lames Prifpn they freed there all the Prifoners and admitted them to their Society : At laft they came under the Vice-roys window and made a hideous cry, that they wold be freed not only of the Fruit C jabei!, but of all other, fpecially that of torn; The Vice-roy out of his Balcone promiid them very fair to take off quite the Fruit Tax, & half of that of Corn,but this not fuffizing they ruftit into the Vice-roys Palace, notwithffanding the Ger¬ man and Spaniih Guards which were there, and breaking through all the Rooms they came at laft to that Room where the Vice-roy was (hut up under lock,which they broke open, but the Vice-king was fled , and thinking co go to the Caftle where his Lady was retired , he found the Draw- bridg up, and fo came back and fled to a Franci/can Monaftery; while the Rabble was in his Palace they did much miichief, andpurfuinghimftill, and unefcrftanding that he was retired to the Monaftery , he was lorcd to com out and to (hew himfelf. The people then though in the height of fury grew fomwhat more temperat, faying, Mft excellent Sir , for the paffion of Cjod disburden us of theft Gabells who Jack our blood , let us but breath and have no more flavtry. The Vice-roy giving them the charmingft language he could, caufd little Cedules figncd by himfelf and feald with the Kings heal affixed, to be difpcrfd amongft them, wherin the fayd Tolls were taken off; afterwards he threw fom pecces of gold and Rials of eight a- mongthem , fo by that coftly cunning be got away from among the Rabble for that time, to a Church hard by where they ftillpurfued him, and wold not be fatisfied till they had a perfedUnftrument for the taking off the Tax upon Fruit and bread, the confufion grew higher and higher till the Arch-bifhop FiUmarmi came, to whom they fhcwd fom reverence being their Metropolitan and common Father, and he at laft brought them an Inftrument fignd by the Vice-roy for a- bolifhing the forefayd Tolls; fo that gave fom contentment for the prefent, but cheTorrent encreald prefently with greater floods of water , for that Inftrument of the Vice-kings being read m the Market-place, the cry was that it was imper¬ fect, for they wold be free from all kinds of Tolls fince the time of Charles the Emperor , Hereupon they went to the Prince of Bifignano the chief of the Ca- raftas defiring him to be their Leader and Advocat to the Vice-roy; he went with them and being com to the great Church de (farmine, he flood up in a high place with a Crucifix in his hands, and conjurd the people for the love of God and the raoft bleffed Virgin, to be pacified a while, and he promifd them by oath, to procure for them from the Vice-roy whatfoever they deftrd; But this wold not quiet them, but they rulhd into the Prifons and fetloofe the Prifoners ; They went to the Doguna or Toll-hotife for Corn, with Faggots on their backs, and pitch and fire in their hands in a great fury : Prince Bifignano not being able to take them off though he labourd carneftiy, they put fire on all tides, and befidcs the houfes, they tnrnd rich Houlhold-fluff, Sedias, and ready money all to alhes. The Prince being but crazy in point of health, grew weary of heeding fuchan unruly Rabble, therfore he rid himfelf of them at laft by a Stratagem; The people hearing that Bifignano was gon,6t wanting a Head they cryed out for Mafanelk , who having accepted of it, he began more eagerly then ever to invite the people, infomuch that he in lieu of water to quench this fire threw Oyleupont to make it burn more furious. The next day cJHafauello Captain-like divided the people into Companies and Regiments, nothing but clalhing of Armes within the Ci¬ ty, whether the Country Swains came with Pikeaxes Shovels and Spades; Nay, the women appeard armd with Shovels, Spits, and Broaches, and the common cry went Let the King live and the Toll ferijb , cur Cjabels our Tolls, let them go to the ‘Devill to maintain his Kingdom of darknes ; let the Raifers of them thofe L>ogs dj , who being transfo’md to Wolfs have devoured the fie fib of innocent Lambs, let them vomit the blood they have fuckd into the Cinders of their burnt Wealthy fhofe domefiic and infatiable Leeches of Naples, let thefe Drones and Waffs be driven away who have fueled the fweet Hony of the Bees. With fuch cries and fereekings they ftonnded the very air in fuch pitteous accents, which were enough to foften the hardeft Marble, and draw tears from the Pumice ftone. Thus horror, blood and amazements raignd in every corner; fo order was fent by CMafancllo to all the Kingdom of LBS . n the thirty fix Precin&s of Zfaples to arm under an irremiflible penalty of having their houfes burnt; Now there beingfom want of Gun-powder they went to a houfe to buy fom, but being refufd they threw fird Matches into the houfe, which taking hold of the Powder-barrels blew up above fixty Inhabitans, and it gave fuch a crack as the Galeon fom daies before did in the Port which was blown up, being not known whether it was done by chance, or by pure malice ; Then they went to the Kings Magazin of Powder, but there was a courfe taken with that before, for the Kings Labourers had put it in water, by way of prevention; In the Interim the Vice-roy fortifieth himfelf in Cafile nuovo having taken in a thoufand Germans at the Gates, eight hundred Spaniards with a thoufand Ita¬ lians, well armd with Pike and Musket; The Vice-roy fenc a Note to Mafanello fthe GenemtiJJimo of the Rabble) by fom of the collaterall Councell, wherin he promifd to take off all Gabels as was defird, but this wold not fuffice, but Mafa¬ nello wold have have a reftitution of the priviledges granted by Charles the Em¬ peror , whofe Statue he had over the door of his houfe; he propofd alfo that the Clerk of the Market (hold be nominated for the future, by thefaithfull peo¬ ple of Tuples, that the old office of Capo popolo (hold berevivd,and that he (hold be namd by the Citizens without any recourfe to the Vice-roys. Hereupon the Vice-roy fent the Duke of Mata lure , with divers other popular Lords to ride up and down the City and to allure them that his excellency was ready to give all poflible fatisfaftion : They anfwerd, that they defird no more but to have the priviledges of Charles the Emperor rtftord, wherby it was de¬ creed that no new impofitions fliouldhe lay A upon the faithfull people of Naples with¬ out the conjent of the holy Apoftolic See ; Now fince all Gabels from that time have bin impofd without his confent; fom few of fmall confequence excepted, it was juft they (hold be abolifhd; Moreover the people defird the Original of tbofe priviledges of Charles epuinto which was in the Archives of Saint Laurence : The Lord chief Prior was employed to find out the fayed Original which he fhewd the people , but fom doubting whether it was a counterfeit one, the good old Prior had met with death, had he not found a way ofefcape. There was appointed to be about the perfonof Mafanello an oki Prieltby name Genovino, as alfo a notable T and,to caild' Terrene , thefe two being Coadiu- tors to Mafanello gave out a lift of fixty and odd Houfes or Palaces rather, of them who had farmd the Gabels from time to time, who having enrichd thym- felves, and grown fat with the blood of the people, it was thought fit that they fhold be made examples and a terror to others,fo the fayd houfes with abundance of moft coftly hou(ho!d-ftuft, as alfo their Coaches and their Coach-horfcs were pittifully burnt and with fo much order and neatnes of hand that he hazarded his life who (hold embezel the ieaft thing, therupon one taking away but a httle Towcll was killd, another for the Crouper ofa horfe had fifty laffics, and divers other after they had confeffd to their Ghoftly Fathers, were hangdup by the foie command of Mafanello-, And it was very dangerous to (hew any counte¬ nance of pitty at the burning of the fayed houfes; befides all kind of richUten- files there were Plftures, Bracelets, chains of Gold,with great (tore of ready mo¬ ney ’thrown intothe raging fire in the Market-place, with huge tnyorpta of the people round about in fuch words , Thefe Goods are our bloods, and as they burn fo the fouls of thefe Does who own them deferve to fry onHell-fire. While the people wer thus raging, the Vice-roy by the advice of the grea Col- laterall Councell, had caufd an Inftrument to be fairly printed cont.an.ng an abolition of all Gabels fince Charles the fift,and befides a generall pardon to all; This Inftrument was fent to the Market-place and the Vice-roy finding that the Noble-men were out of requeft with the people, he imployed two Advocates to treat with them, but all wold not do, for they found fom flaw in the fayed In¬ ftrument, therfore they demanded the Original of the grand pr.viledg given by TheVeople in this condition were like a huge River,which by an extr *° rdl "?2 glut of Rain having broke her banks, and rifen out of her wonted bed o ramble abroad , can hardly be brought in again : The Vice-roy and CouncetL labo-rfd c i he HiJlorj of the to make up the breaches, but all yet in vain ; fo they continued fttll bui ning the boufes ot the Gabehers or Cuftomers, and finding in one of their lioufes the Piiture of the prefent King of Spain, they prefcrvd it and carried ic publickly up and down thettreets with this cry. Let our King live a thoufandyears, ami the ill Government eternally perifh. Among others which went armd there was a Regiment of women which went ftrutting up and down theftrects with Muskets on their (holders, and fom with Pikes,at laft the grand Priviledg of Carlos cjuinto was found,and as the laft remedy it was fent from the Vice-roy by Filomarim the common Father of the Citty, being Arch-bifhop therof, to the Market-place, with a writing underneath, wher- in the Vice-roy obligd himfelf to obferve firmly for the future every particular of the fayed Charadter which he dcfired (hold be publilht in the great Church of Carmine , which Filomarim did accordingly in a moft folemn manner, and pre- fently therupon this Proclamation iflued. Philip by the grace of God King, Sic. Don Rodrigo Pone de Leon Duke of Ar- cos, tVe by an cverlafting Privilcdg,do grant to the moft fdithfull people of this moft faithful Citty ofHip\es,thatall Gabels and Impofttions he extint} and abolijhd which were layd upon the Citty o/Naples and the Kingdom from the time of the Emperor Charles the fift of happy memory until this hour: Moreover we grant a generall pardon fir any offence whatfoever, committed ftnce the beginning oj this prefent revolution fo this point of time,as alfofor every offence and inquifttion paffd that related to the fayed Revolution, Given in Caftle novo, toth. July 1647. El Duca dc Arcos, ‘Donato coppola Secretary to the Kingdom, The filth day after the Compofition eJMafanello was made (feneralifftmo or Tribune of the people, and by the advice of Cardinal Filomarini was indued to have a Parley with the Vice-roy in the Caftle, therfore he clad himfelf in cloath of Silver, with a huge Plume of Feathers in his Hat, mounted upon a gallant Courfer, wich a naked Sword in one hand, and in this Equipage he marchd to the Caftle attended by 50. M. armd men, the Cardinals Coach came next Mafanel- lo , and upon the left fide of the Coach Marco df Amalphi Mafanellos brother, did ride all in cloath of Gold being alfo well mounted and having Sword and Dagger futable: The Captain of the Vice-roys Guard, but without Armes came ahorfe-back to meet Mafancllo faluting him in the name of his Matter, and welcoming him to the Caftle, where being entr ed he made a Speech unto the peo¬ ple, to this effeft. Mi dear and much beloved people, let tu give God thanks with eternall founds of Jubile , that we have recovtrd ourformer liberties, but who would have thought Vte Jholdhavecom to fo fair apafs j They may feem Dreams or Fables, yetyouJee they are reallTruths, let infinite thanks be given to Fleaven,andto the moft bleffedVir- f in of Carmine, and to the paternall benignity of this moft Reverend ‘Bifoop our Shep- eard ; Thin he took, from hisbofom the Charter of Charles the fifth, with the new confirmation ftgnd bp the Vice-roy and Collaterall Councell,and with a loud voice, fay¬ ed,-mw are we exempted and free from all Gabels, 'bee are eafd of Jo many weights, all Impofttions are taken off, now is reftord the dear liberty in which refts the happy memory of King Ferdinand and Charles the Emperor, 1 for my own particular de¬ fire not any thing , 1 do not pretend any thing but public good as this moft Reverend Arch-bifhop knows well-, 1 told him often of my right intentions, J was ojferd two hundred (frowns a month during life provided l Jhold proceed no further, but wold be an Inftrument to accomodate all things,l ever refufd the offer: Moreover had it not bin to perform the premife 1 wastyed in to his Eminence , J Veold not have apparrelld my felf as you fee me , / wold never have fbaken of my Mariners weeds , for 1 was born fuch,fuch a one I livd, and fuchaone l mean to live and dy : After the (thing of public Liberty which I have made in the tempeftuous Sea of this affiiBed Citty, 1 will return to my Hookand Line , not referving to my felf as much as a nail for my oWn duelling ; 1 defire no more of’you but when I am dead you wold every one fay an Ave Maria forme, do you promife me this! Fes, they cryed out but a hundredyeers hence , Kingdom of < l /If 3 LES hence , he replyed, 1 thankjoP, defining joh not to lay dour* your Armes till a Con¬ firmation com from Spain, of all theje Priviledges from the King our Soveraigu, trufi not the Usability for they are Traytors, and our Enemies ; J go to negotiat with the Vice-roy, and within an houreyou flallfee me again, or at leaf to morrow morn¬ ing, but if to morrow 1 be not with you, put to fire and fword the whole Citty : Well, well though what hath hitherto paffd hath not much pleafd the Vice-roy, yet hie Adajefty will find that he hath not lofl any thing by it, only fom of the Tftobility (our Enemies) have lofl by it, who will return to their former beggery , thofe ravenous Wolfs who bought and fold our bloods, never regardingthe glory of God, thefervice of his Majefty ,or the common good of Citty and Kingdom • Now the Temples of the Spa- nifh CAlonarchy fball be adornd with the mofl precious (frown that evlr fke bore upon her head-, that which [hall be given by us hereafter flail be all the Kings, and not .is in former times, for when we gave him-, any treafure it vaniflt aVeay, and ■was half drunk.up by his Officers. Having fpoken thus, heturndtothe Bifhop, faying, moft Eminenc Lord, blefs chis people, which he did ; fo thinking to go on with his Calvalcata, the number of the people was fo great that it filld all the Cattle, and fo bindred the paffage, therfore becaufe going to treat of peace, twas unfeemly thac fuch a conful'd Rout (hold go along ; he commanded upon pain of life thac no body (hold make one ftep further , which was obfervd with marvellous obedience ; fo there went only with him Arpaia, Genovino, his bro¬ ther and the Arch-bifhop whom the Vice-roy came to meet to the top of the Stairs, Mafanello putting himfclf at his feet he kilfd them in the name of the peo¬ ple, thanking his Excellence for the grace he had done them touching the Capi¬ tulations, laying, he was com thither, that his Excellence might do with him whatfoever he pleafd,either to hang him, to break him upon wheels, or tear him with wild Horfes ■ but the Vice-roy made him rife up, faying, He never knew him to be culpable , or that he had offended his Afajefty in any thing , therfore he may re- joyct for he flold alwaies be well regarded by him : The Vice-roy then brought him to an open Balcone that the people might fee him to avoid all jealoufies ; fo they fairly concluded the peace and parted, Mafanello being confirmd by the Vice¬ roy to be Captain-generall of the people. The next morning CAlafanello put off his Cloth of (ilver-fute, and took again the Habit of aMarriner, yet was he obeyd and feard as much as formerly: He wold rife betimes and give audience in the Market-place out of a window which was in his houfe, whither they wold reach him Petitions on the tops of Pikes, he had alwaies an Archibuz ready cockd hard by him, which was of fom terror co thofe who came to petition or follicit about any bufinefs. By thefe furious Traverfcs and popular confufions matters at laft came to that point of perfeAion, that the Originall Charter of Charles the Emperor having bin publicklyproducd,revivd, and ratified, the Vice-roy iflued forth this general! Indulgence in the Kings name and his own. Philip, by the Grace of God King, &c. Don Rodrigo ponce de Leon Duke of Arcos , We by an etotrUfting Priviledg dogrant tothe moft faithfull people of this moft faithful/ Citty of Naples, that all Gabels and Impofitions be extinbl and abolifld which Viere lay ed upon the fayed Cit¬ ty of Naples, and the Kingdom from the time of the Emperor Charles thefifttf happy memory , untill this hower : Moreover we grant a generall Pardon for any offence whatfoever committed , fince the beginning of this prefent Revolution to this point of time , as a/fo for every offence and inquifition paffd that related to the fayed Revolution. Given in Caftle Nuovo iotli. of fuly 1647. Subfcribed the Duke of eArcos. As this was to be publilhd, there intervend an ill-favord Accident which much puzzled the bnfines, for there entred into the City 500 .TSanditi broughtin by Perrone , who had bin admitted to be a Confederat or Counfellor to Mafanello, after their entrance ther hapned fom difference twixt them and Mafanello upon a N n jealottfie 4 ? The Htjlorj of the jealoufie, chat they had intelligence with the Duke of Mataloni (which was true enough^ therupon fom feven of thofe Bandit t (hot at one time at Mafanello, but none of the bullets could penetrat him, but to the aftonifhment of the world, they only fingd fom part of his Shirt and fo he dropd down; which prefervati- on was imputed to a Medail oftheLadyof Carmine that he wore about his neck. Terrene with moft of thole B audit i were killd and executed, and having found that they had com plotted with Ad at atom againft the people, Don Infeppe C'nrajfa brother to the Duke of CMatuloni was found ouc and moft milerably butchcrd by the fury of the people. OVlaJanello improvd every day in ftrength and the opinion of the people, in- fomuch that Perrlne being now dead he foly Raignd, and the Gran Signor was never obeyed and feard in Conftantinople as he was in Naples. His Warrant a- lone was lufficienc to fetch any ones head , to fire and plunder any Palace as di¬ vers were; he commanded that all men (hold go without Cloaks, Gowns, or wide Caffocks, for fear any Armes might be hid under, and he was generally o- beyd, forNoble-men and Church-men went up and down theftreets encuerpo-, He commanded alfo that all women (hold go without Fardingalls, and that they (hold tuck up their Coats when they went to Church which was punftually ob- l'ervd j he difarmd all the Nobility and Gentry, and fent for what iums he pleafd from Merchants and others, upon pa‘in of fire and plunder. Thofe interruptions which the treaty peace receivd by the coming in of the Bandits, were at laft taken away by the prudent carriage of the Arch-bi(hop Pi- lomarini , fo that at laft there was a folemn meeting of the Vice-roy and Mafa- nello in the great Church o f Naples-, where before the great Altar the Charter of Charts the lift was read & fworu unto by the Viceroy with a. general pardon M.i- fancllo (landing all the while with a naked Sword in his hand on one of the (hires of the After till all was don: Then Te.Deum was fung, which with the loud accla¬ mations of the people made the very walls to ring agen, and re-echo with joy :Af- ter this Mafanello did King ic higher and higher, and one day his Wife and Chil¬ dren went in a (lately Coach, (he in a Gown of cloath of Gold, and her Children inSilver, to givethcDutchefsofe^rceravifitin theCaftle, where (he had pro¬ vided a fumptuous Banquet for them, giving them Jewels and other rich Prelents at their departure, and a little before the end of the Banquet Mafanello himfelf came very glorious, where twas thought he took a Figg which wrought after¬ wards upon his head-peece, that he became to be twist frantic and fool; he wold as he went along cut, llafh, and killd fom, he caufdaBakertobeclapdinanO- ven , and burnt alive for making light-bread, one time he leapd into the Sea clothes and all to cool himfelf: He had got a Catalog of all the rich Merchants and Cittizens, and fending for them, he made them under-write for payment of fuch a fum for the Service of his Catholic Majefty, for whom he intended to raife five millions, as an acknowledgment for taking down the Taxes; He com¬ manded an order to be pubhfhd that none under pain of death (hold depart from Tuples without his Warrant, wherupon divers Noble-men wold com to wait up¬ on him for Pafs-ports, and a Gentleman of quality of Averfa coming one day un¬ to him for a Paf»-port he gave him a kick in the buttock.Thus he tyrannizd more, & more &,having commanded fom to be beheaded upon a Sunday morning,with much ado the Arch-bi(hop prevaild with him to defer the execution, it being not fitting to pollute the holy Sabboth with fuch Sacrifices of humane blood. A little after he went from the Market-place accompanied with a huge compa¬ ny of the tiff-raff of the people all the way a foot to the Caftle , having one (locking on and the ocher offwithout Band, Hat, or Sword, where being en- tred the firft word he fpoke to the Vice-roy was. That he mu ft eat, for he was ready to perifh for hunger,that you dial,Signor Mafatte/lo ,fayd the Vice-roy,fo, as he was calling for fomthing, no,my Lord fayd,let us go to take frefh air at Po- ftlipo, and ther eat together, the Vice-royexcufing himfelf he went without him, & threw fom peeces of gold into the Sea,making the Marriners duck for them and find them agen : fo he feafted his body there very plentifully, having drunk for his own (hare a dozen bottles of Lacrjmte Chrifti ; The operation of this Wine, with Kingdom of AT LES . with the agitation of his body began the next day to work upon his brain, which, made him extravagant; He fent for that rare Artift Fonjeca, and commanded! him to make fom peeces in Marble and brafs with this Infcription.TfewVo Aud¬ io of Awa/phi,Vreted and Captain generall of the moll: faithfull people of Naples. Thus his head having climdfphigh began to turn more and more and to growin- folent, no Law could bound his commands for life & death, he wold be more then the Sea, who though a raging Element,yet is contented to hold himfelf within his bounds; he wold be more then the Heavens,who though of fuch infinit vaftncs yet keep themfelves within their due circamferenceiThe glorious Sun confines it lelf to the Ecliptic, But nothing could bound the vaft uefires of this Filher-man , in whom was truly verified that Atf/erins nihilp-fi Httmi/i cum Jurgit in altum , He was fo toffd with odd fancies that they bereft him 0.f his naturall nofturnall re- pofe, they kept him from feeing that huge Precipice which was before him , the rteps’wherby we mount to grcatnes are flippery, the top is an Earth-quake , the Defcent perpendicular, the light whereof dothufeto dif-compofe the mind of man, and alteret him from himfelf, fpecially when Honor falls upon a low Sub¬ jectand of a bafeCar.it , who being mounted high looks like a Munkey clad in Scarlet, now Greatnes ferves fom men to bring them to their ruin, as long hair fervd tAbfoUn to deftroy himfelf. As he was domineering one day in the great Market-place, an ancient Captain of very good refpeft came to him about fom bulinefs, bux he ltruck and wounded the old Captain,giving him two cuts on the lace, going on a little further lie met with one who he was told was thought to be a Spy , thcrup- on fnddenly before any procefs formd againft him he caufd his head prefently to be chopd off • He met another who told him his wife was fubornd Sc carried away by an u d Bawd , therupon he conducing Mafmelio to the houfe where Ihe was with another man he prefently commanded her to be hangd up, and the man to be broken upon wheels. After Dinner he fent a menacing meffage to the Duke Ferrantc CAracciolo. that upon pain of death and the firing ot his Palace, he Uipld com in perfon to the Market-place, becaufe that morning the iayd Duke had not com out of his Coach to do him reverence. The Vice-king was paffivc all this while, and extreamly vexd with thefe De¬ portments of MaUndU , but he durft not apprehend him becaufe he was Hill backd by the befotted people , and while he was confukmg of the means bow to redrefs matters, therecame to the Caftle old Gemvim and 'sfrpout twoofthe *r?. c °**F££m “SJSffir.te,S&t hmT'yec thej knee noc how to right chemfelve,, he having at hit heck t jo. Combatants well armd, yet they told the Vice-roy that moft people began to d.f- l,ke him for his cruelties, and if it wold pleafe him to publilh another ban for the observance of their Priviledges, it wold be a means to make all the people return to £ wherunto the V,ce-roy did readily condefeend, and it was done accord inplv ’it chancd that c Ma/anello at that time was gone in the Dutchefsthe Vice-queens Coach to Fofilipo to recreat himfelf, where he went to the Office ot thed/ies, and appointed other Commanders and Captains; At his return to the Market-place he met with Genovim and whom hethreatned becau they had not attended him to Pcf.lipo, nay, threatned to fire the whole_C.tty be¬ etle he perceivd that they declined in their wonted refpefts to him, and to lie branded his Sword to and fro ; Hereupon the Captains of the people with fom ado brought him to his own houfe,where they put an extraordinary Band of Sol¬ diers ro guard him that night, the next day as the chief of the people were con- fulting how to declare anew the Authority of the Vice-roy, an unlookd forac- cidendiappend which did cooperat with their defigns; Tor Marco Vitale Mur Canellos chiefelt Secretary (wherof he had feven in all) palling by the Caftle-ga e, and meetino with fom'Soldiers that were banded together, he proudly askd them whvTnd bv g whofe Authority they had taken up Armes, one of the Captains gave aft out anfwer that it was by the Authority of the V,ce-roy ; weH, well 6yd Vitale , I am now going to the Market-place and thy head lhall pay for , the - 5 * c i he Hiftorj of the upon the Captain drew his Sword and gave him a fhrewdfltfh , which being feconded by a Mufqueteer, the Secretary fell down dead, and the people hearing therof as he was going to be buried, they tore his Coffin chopd off bis head and draggd his Carkafs up and down the ftreets. That day wasoneofthegreaceft Feftivalls of Naples , foritwastheFeaftof the glorious Virgin of Carmine , whofe Church was lcituaced in th e great Mar¬ ket: Ma[ancllo had got into the fayd Church, where he attended the Arch- bifhop to fing Mafs, being com, Mafanello told him, moll Eminent Lord, I perceive now that the people will abandon me, and go about to deprive me of my life, therfore I befeech your Eminence to fend this Letter from me to the Vice¬ roy, wherin there is a llefignacion of all my Authority into his hands; So go¬ ing up the degrees of the Altar, and having a Crucifix in his hands, be re-com¬ mended himfelf with much tendernes to the people,that they fhold not now (hake him off having venturd fo much for them; Then a while after he fell a doting, and accufing himfelf of his life paft,and exhortiug every one to make the like con- feffion before the feet of his Ghoftly Father, that Gods anger might be appeafd, fo he went on in many ridiculous exprefiions, and fom of them favouring of He- refie, therfore his Guard forfook him , and the Arch-bifhop got him to be con¬ ducted to a Dormitory within the Cloyfter of the Church to be dry ed for he was all in a fweat,having refrefhd himfelf ther and being leaning over a Balcone, four refolutc Gentlemen came to find him out, and feeing him in fogooda pofture, difehargd four feverall Muskets at him, fo he prefently fell, crying. Ah ingratefull Traj tors, and fo fell; hereupon a Butcher chopd off his head, which being put upon a Lance they carried up and down the ftreet: the grofle of the common people were fo daunted hereat, that they loft their former Spirits, and went all skulking away, nor did any dare to do any outrage to thofe who killd their Cap¬ tain- generallSo his body was draggd up and down the Gutters and afterwards hurld into a Ditch; Therupon all the Nobility,Gentry, and Officers got a horf- fcack and went to the Caftle to congratulat the Vice-roy , for the riddance of this popular Tyrant: An hower after the Vice-roy fhewd himfelf and came down from the Caftle in a ftately Cavalcata , to the great Church where folemn thanks were given, and the head of Saint Gtrmaro the chief Protefior of Naples was ta¬ ken out and put upon the high Altar, where extraordinary Jubiles were fung for the quietnefs re-obtained by the death offo bafe a Rebell, who by the fecrec judg¬ ments ofGod had fpilt fo much blood, confumd fo many Palaces, redued to afhes fo much Wealth, and made himfelffo formidable that he terrified both Town and Country, yet a fatalllnftrument ofthe indignation of Heaven , being offended with the fins of that luxurious Citty, who as fomtimes he punifhd the Egyptians with fmall contemptible Creatures, as flyes. Lice, and Frogs, fo he chattizd the Napolitans by fo defpicable a perfon. From thegreat Church the Vice-roy rid to the Market-place, where there ecchoed in the air this note, Let the King live, let the Vice-roj live, and let Filomarini live, the Reftorer of his Countries peace: It is reported and printed that a little before Mafanelles death, San (jtrmaro was feen over the great Church with a Sword in his hand, and many perfons were examind upon oath about that Vifion, befides a bright Star was feen which pre- faged peace and happinefs. Thus finilhd the life and Raign of Mafanello , having prognofticated it him¬ felf fom dayes before, when going up the Market-place, he fayed, that what he did was for the univerfall good of the people, but he knew well that when he had brought the bufinefs about he fhold be murtherd,and draggd up and down the ftreets of Naples, yet he defird the people fhold remember what he had done, and fing fom Dirges for his Soul. As the Raign of this Ephemeran Monfter was vio¬ lent, fo it was but (hort, for from firft to laft it continued not to ten compleac dayes, infotuuch that thofe Lyricall Verfes may be truly applyed to him. JOgem Vies vidit veniens fnperbnm Hnnc dies vidit fngiens jacentem. The Kingdom of j\ aJTLES The Vice roy fearing fom afeer-daps, fell a fortifying himfelf mainly, info- Inuch that that very night ther entred into the Citty fix hundred horfe with won- derfull lecrecy, who went alfo to the Palace and tendred their Service, and fo be¬ took chemfelves to divers Polls: But the day following the bread which is the ftaff of life fell to be eleven ounces lighter, wherupon the popular fire burft out again, which took hold of the Bakers Furnaces and Goods. They went in mul¬ titudes to find out the body of LMa'ynello which was call into a Ditch, they took it out, wafiid and perfumd it, and lo carried high upon a Bier to the gate of the Holy Spirit, where they took down his head, and lowing it to thereft of the carkafs they brought it to the great Cathedrall Church, with no left folcmnity then Lamentation,fo he who was curfd and draggd up and down the dirtty Chan¬ nels the day before, is the next day following bewayld, mifld, and prayed for; fo there was order taken for his Exequies which were celebrated in marvailous Pomp, above a thoufand Priefts went before him with Torches in their hands, the white boyesof Loreto did attend the Hearfe, Drums and Trumpets founded the doleful! March , and as he lay lifted up very high upon his Funerall Bed a Crown was put upon his head, and a Scepter in his hand , fo heenjoyed after his death thofe Enfigns, the Authority wherof he ufurpd in his life, lie was carryed about all the five Pri cinds of Naples in this State, and palling by the Vice-roys there they made a halt under his very Balcone ; Ac laiT two howers within night they tarried him back to the great Church where he was buried in a particular Chap¬ pell, with this Infcripcicn upon his Hearfe. Lf^obilium tjrarmide inufitatis oppreffionibus & angarijs in Regnant , Civis C~ Exttros prenter Rerum Lr L^atura ordinem violenter extortis , Reprejja ; Virgbi Dei Matri C^rneii Die 7. Julij, 1647. gabellis pubheis , faeinorojis- Secretis Patriet hofiibus, incenfis , fugatis, profligatis,fublatis• Jncencuffafide/er- vata : Ferdinandi primi, & Frederici tAragonenfium Regum , Caro Li Quinti lmperateris Cafaris cenfirmatis, renovatis eAureisprivileges. V Filippo Quarto Rege £atholier, Dom: Roderieo ‘Pons de Leon Duce dt tArCos Re¬ gis vicem gerente , , , Thoma Artello de eAmalphi inviBi populi Duce , prtfitna hbertate redemptus Fide/iJJimtts pepulus Neapolitanus, UMaufoDum in reportau viBoria nteme- riampofteris Lxc it amentum pofuit. The Tyranny of the Nobles being reprelfd, who beyond the order of Things, and Rules of Natare did fo violently extort unufuall Taxes and Services from Kingdom, Cittizens, and Strangers. . , . . An unfhaken faith being kepi to the blelTed Virgin the Mother 6f God in the Church otC armi ”c the Seventh of July 1647. theGabels being abolvfhd the pub¬ lic facinorous and fecret enemies of our Country being fubdued, banilhd, burnt, and extinguifhd. . , The golden Priviledges of Ferdinand the firlt, of Fredrtc King ot tAragon, an a of Charles the Emperor being confirmd and renewd. Philip the fourth being Catholic King, and Don Rodrigo pons de Leon Duke of Areas being Vice-roy, Thomas Anello of Amalphi being Generali, the moll faithfull people of Maples, and puplic liberty being redeemd. This Monument was eredted in memory of the Victory obtaind, and for an encouragement to all Pofterity. ’ Thus the body of Majanello being redeemd from duft and dirt, together with his memory was honord by the Neapolitan people; Nor did theTnlurrcdtion dy with him , but it revivd and gathering new ftrength it ragd again as furioufly as ever not ortly in Naples it felr but in all the Territories, as Ritonto, Nocera, A- brulz,o Cofenxa, and other places in Apulia and Calabria. The people o f 2 {aples chofe for their Eledt Don FrancifcoTuraldo Printe of Mafa ,and the firft thing he did was to command ten Spaniards heads to be fixd on Poles, and carryed in triumph np and down the Citty ; he interdi&ed alfo that nothing either for back or belly (hold be carried to the Cafiie where the Vice-roy was he caufd the whole Citty to be entrenchd, and Canons planted in O o divers The Hijlorj of the divers places, now the people thought they had all the juftice in the world to continue in Armes till the confirmation of what the ;Vice-roy had ftipulated before, were com from the King of Spain , as it was agreed it (hold be fent three months after. In the mean time Don John of ssixftria was com hard by with a Fleet of five and forty Galeons, and fent word to the Citty that if they were defirous to have a peace and generall pardon , the people (hold lay down Armes and fend them to the Vice-roy to the Caftle; this they wold not do, bm offerd to lay them up in their houfes untill the Treaty (hold be concluded, lo matters fell oft the binges more then ever, the three Caltles (hot at the Town by Land , and ‘Don John by Sea with his great Guns from his Galeons andGallies, which made fuch a hide¬ ous noife as if Heaven and Earth wold meet, and in the Town the huge Canons from the Tower of Carmine played inceffantly; fo there grew a per fed War twixtthe Cittieandthe Caftles, a great number of fair houfes were burnt, heads chopd off,and the great Bell of Saint Laurence rung out for fignall efWar s The Spaniards on the one fide put all to fire and Sword , the people on the other fide burnt the Goods, and deltroyed the houfes of any whom they fufpeded. Ma¬ ny bloody Skirmigcs happcnd in divers places; Don John fent a Cavalier of qua¬ lity to the Captain-Gcnerali of the people to know the ground of this fury , and why. they were fo adive in their own deltrudion with the mine of fo many inno¬ cent Souls, and fuch a glorious Citty, but word was fent him back that when the Confirmation was com from the Court of Spain they wold fend him a civill an- fwer, till then twas but juft they (hold (land upon their Guard, and repcll any force by that power which God and Nature had given them for the defence of themfelves and their liberties, together with their Wives and Children , yet with this refolution to continue in a conftant obedience to his Catholic Majclty, and not to liften to the enchantments ofaayforrain Prince, who began to tamper with them already for a Revolt. TheDukeof Mataloni inthefeConfufionsdidmany materiall Services to the Spaniards, by fending them recruits of horfe and foot from the Country; At laft the people grew jealous of their Eled and Captain-Generall "Prince Turaldo, and fo gave him bis pafs-port to haften to the other world without a head,fo they chofeinhis place one Cennaro tsirnefe, a man of a far inferior quality. In this hurly-burly the French King lent the people a proffer of two millions of gold, with twenty Galeons, eighteen Gallies, and forty Tartanas, which mef- fage was fent by a perfon .of quality from the French Ambaffador refident at Rome ; The Citty embracd the propolall, and fo employd an exprefs to go to Rome and treat; fo a little after the cry up and down the ftreets of NJaples was Viva la Irancia, let France live, and in fom places let the Parliament oi England live, which continued divers daies. Don John of Anjlria and the Vice-roy having notice of thefe pradifes twixt the Citty and France were much troubld cherat, thereupon they got the Pope to ufe his Spiritual! Armes, fo this 'undo in 2 Naples defired to have audience in his Holines name, Gennaro Arnefe gave it him all clad in cloth of Silver, the 2 SJnn- ci» told him that he had receivd an exprefs Mandamm from his Holines, brought by a perfon of quality to exhort the City to conform to a ferious treaty of peace, otherwife the holy Church muft do her duty Gennaro anfwerd, that there could not be expeded a hidden anfwer to fo grave a meffage, therfore the mod faith- full people defied fom refpit of time to confult of it; fo the Nuncio parted, and fora did laugh in their fleeves at him, infomuch that this meffage tooknoeffed at all. The next day after there was a Ftinea difeoverd chafd by two Gallies, but nar- orwly fcaping them (he came fafe to Port,& (he brought in her the Duke of Cjui/e (with torn Servants only) who was all this while at Rome • he was receivd in¬ to the Town with wonderfull applaufe, he told them that his Chriftian Majefty hadanArmyinareadinestoalfiftthemoftfaithfullpeople, fo they refolvd to makehim their Generall, and the next day he went to the Arch-bifhops Palace to take an Oath of fidelity to the people, which he did upon the hearing of Maffe and receiving the holy Communion. Now Kingdom of 3\fjJ T LES . 11 Now the 1 \apoli(an Nobles had a confiderable Army in the Country about, therfore the Duke of GujJe defired to have fix thoufand Foot and a thoufand Horfe to go findihem out, which he did at Averfa , but he was utterly routed, with lolTe of above three hundred upon the place , and many more wounded, and fo recurnd co Naples. The filth of “December there was a Truce concluded for three howers, during which time, Don John fent notice to the Citty of a Letter fent from his Catholic Majefty, wherin he ratified all the Capitulations of peace agreed on by the Duke of tArcos , the Letter being fent to the Eled of the people, and communicated to the Duke of Quife, the fayd Duke feemd to exhort the people to accept of it, in regard their King had therin made conceflion unto them of io many fignall gra¬ ces ; Therupon the Rabble of the people boyling with heat cryed out, that they wold be cut to peeces rather then be (laves to the Spanifh Nation any longer, therupon the Duke took a Medail from his breft, and told them his Chriftian Majefty had given him that Medail for a pledg, that whenfoever he fent to him for an Army, he (hold have one forthwith , and he told them there was one already prcpard, therfore he delired that fom Felucas might be difpatchd toward Tolon to batten their coming , which was done accordingly : So it was decreed that the Duke of Guife from that day forward (hold be treated with Highnefs, others wMd have him in imitation of Venice to be tearmd Doge of the Napolitan Republic. A few daye* after the French Fleet was difcoverd which confuted of eight and twenty Veffels, the arrivall therof did fill and affed the whole Citty with fuch a tripudtant humor of joy, that people went dancing and finging up and down the frreets j The French Fleet appeard in form of a half Moon, but durft not com in reach of the three Cattles, or the Spanifh Fleet then in Port, but kept their di- fiancc, yet they landed divers forts of Provifion for the ufe of the Citty, they came up to the point of Pnftlipc and got off cleer again. The tirft day of the yeer there came Letters from divers places in Apulia, that they had twenty thoufand good Combatants inareadinels toaffift the Royal! Republic of Naples-. The Duke oCAreas began nowtobe difaffeded by the Rovall party as well as by the people, infomuch that the high Collateral! Councell in the Caftle fent him word that he (hold forbear fitting among them anv longer, but that lus Highnefs Don John (hold govern, who therupon fent lor the Sicilian Fleet, to com for the fuc-cour of Naples, as alfo for three Regiments from Milan; a little after the Duke of eArc.s departed with his Family , and Don John Was heard to fay Vajafe en horn mala che ha hoc ho perderefte Rejnoa m padre, Let him go in an ill hower for he hath loft my Father this Kmg- d °Don John being fworn Vice-roy, caufd a generall pardon to be Fhlifod.wher- uoon the grave ludg Onujrio made a pathetic Oration to the people* who had a verend opmion of him, t hat fince the Duke of Arc; with the eh.et Incendiar.es were gone and that they had now a Kings Son fo gallant a young Prince to go- them it was high time that they (hold return now to the.r old obed ence tTtheirlnarch.andlavvfull King who ^dprefervdthem.n peaceand plenj r„ „ veers ere. but the people lent a deaf ear to his fpcech, fo that the next dav there was new money ttampd with the armes of the Royall Republic. The firft of Vebrurry 1 648. the Caftle of Saint Elmo ereded the Royall Stan¬ dard upon the difeovery of three Gullies wherin was te who had receivd a Commiffion at ifsme,where he was Ambafladorto be V re, who hau receivu alfo the grcac Baft.on of Carmine fro y m hfc t ’t£ firft did it with powder only, but the'laft with bullets , wher- K f mnC rheGallv (laves that rowd him were (lain: There arnvd from Ma- fof the Service of the Vice-roy, and this Galeon gave notice of eight more that m °o 7 ly Retinue of Cavalien, which did much enhearten the Royall party. good The 1 be Hijiory of the The French Fleet having landed, as formerly was fpoken, fom Provifionand Commanders m Tfaples, was conftraind by diftrels of weather to leave the Coafts with the lols of divers Ships and Marriners; now the Spaniards had fe- curd and ftrongly fortified the Port of * 3 fiftta , and there being a Fleet of Ships expe&ed from Province, with Provifion of Corn which were to fayl that way, the Duke of Guife went with a confiderable Army of Horfe and Foot, with a Train of Artillery for the reduction of that place to the Royall Republic , for it was a place of great importance, 1 he Condo d‘ Ognate now that the Duke of g*ifc was gone with a good part of the llrength of the Citty, fell upon this defign which provd as happy as it was hazardous. About twelve a Clock at night, having with extraordinary atfts of Devotion implord the aflittance of Fleaven , young Don John of csinjtria and the fayd (fonde with a great number of Barons Cavaliers, and other ventrous Spirits marchd filently down towards the Citty j they had a Train of choife Artillery, with good ftoreof Fire-works; Don John camefirft to the fijferna d'oglio with all his Brigade , andcaufd the Church of Jefus which was contigu¬ ous therunto to be gently opened, where having made ardent prayers to the Re¬ deemer of Man-kind , he defird Father (jernnda to confefs him , andadminifter him the holy Communion.- Thus he began to fall to work, and commanded a Wall to be batterd down which joynd to San Sehafltan , and fo he paffd without interruption to Terta eMlha ; Being advaned fo far, he got a horfe-back, and rid confidently towards Conjlantinople ftreet through a crowd of the Citty Ar. cabujiers, wherof fom (hot, others being amazd at thefuddennes of the thing uood altonifhd, thence he went on to Saint Aniellos ftreet and the Virgins quar¬ ter where the moll civillfortof people dwelt, who were from the beginning the molt Loyall to the King: The Arch-bifhop Filemarini was appointed to meet him, which he did with other Lords $* thence he purfued his way to the Duke of Guifes Palace, and after fom Musket-fhot the Palace yeelded, for the great Canons which were there planted wold not go off though there was fire put to them, which was held miraculous^ and fo much heightned his Spirits, find¬ ing that all things conjurd to make this attempt profperous; Ffemarchd thence to the great Market-place,and being com neer the great Bafiion of Carmine where Gennaro Arnefc was with a'choice guard of three hundred men , hefenthim word it was fitting that Bafiion (hoM be put into his hands for his Catholic Ma- jelties Service, and if he wold not cohfornft© fo juft a propofall he left him to conlider what a high art of difloyalty it wold prove; Arnefc confulting with his belt thoughts came forth and proftrating his perfon before him, prefented him with the Keys; hereupon Don John m'ordred a Cavalier of Malta topublifh a generad pardon, with an abolition to all Gabels new and old, provided that every one wold return to his former alleagance; The people with loud acclama¬ tions anfwerd that they wold be well fatisfied herewith , if Don John himfelf wold declare this with his own mouth, which Was done accordingly. So this Noble and Magnanimons Exploit took effedt without any effiifion of blood, except the death only of two Spanifh Captains, and one of the peoples which may be imputed firlt to a fpeciall ‘Providence of God Almighty then to* the proVeeJfe of z young Generali, and laftly to the Prudence of a grave Vice-roy: Add hereunto that the abfcnce of the Duke of Cnife tondued much for the fa¬ cilitating of this great Defign. The Citty of JSfaples being thus fuddenly redued, Don John fent in queft of the Duke of Guijc to the Country hard by, who after fomrefiltar.ee was taken Prifoner , and clapdupintheCaltle of Capua, the high Cotlatterall Counccll adjudgd hjm to dy, but young Dm John overruld the lentence, and fo fent him Captit to the Court of Spain , where having bin Prifoner a good while he made an efcape as far as Victoria, within a dayes journy of France, but notwithftanding his difguife he was difeoverd and foclapd up again in Prifon, where he continued till the Prince of fonde leaguring lately with the Spaniard got himrelealed. There were Gibbets put up in divers places of the Citty to execute the chief- eft Incendiaries, but at the cryes of the women and Children to Den John he Kingdom of j\ (tAdP L E S. commanded them to be taken down, yet after this his departure theVice-roy difpatched many, and gave them Pafs-ports for the other world, among others too Gennaro Arntfe who had bin Capo popolo with divers others, and a long time after the inqueft and execution of fom of the chief Ring-leaders continued by the noble fagacious proceeding of the forefayd new Vice-roy the Conde a' ognat e , a notable Minifter of Scace , having bin traind up therunco by fundry Embafiies abroad, as well to England as to other Countries, Not long after young Don John of Auftria weighs Anchor,& with a Royal Fleet of Galeons and Gallies made fayl for Sicily ,having bin fo wonderfully fortunat as to extinguifh that prodigious fire that had ragd fo violently in Town and Coun¬ try , which, the Capitall Cttty being redued , quickly conformd it felf to its old obedience; Nor was this youthfull Generali fuccesful! only in Triples , but aifo incompofing the affairs of Sicily which alfo was in a dangerous diforder ; Add hereunto the reducing lately of Catalonia ; by making himfelfMafter of thac proud Metropolitan Citty of ‘ Barcelona , after a bloody ftubborn Siege of two and twenty months, where the Lord Goring his Lieutenant did fignall Services.no lefs hcroik then hazardous. During thefe hideous Combuftions in Naples , there was a notable peece of in¬ humane Villany dilcoverd futable to thofe times, which was this. One FranciJ- co Severino a public Notary had a Sifter who was ayoung Widdow, but being to pay her fix hundred Duckets towards her Dower, he clapther up with a little Daughter of hets tn a dark Cave twixt four walls, where he fed them with bread and water with fom few Roots for feventeen yeers together; This Widdow had a Son under the Tutele of an Uncle all the while, who being com to yeers demanded of the fayd Notary his Mothers Dowry, thinking (he had bin dead; The rumor hereof flying among the people,being in Armes.they rufhd into the Nota¬ ries houfe,the women in the Cave hearing an extraordinary noife began to fhriek, which being heard they broke down the WalF.where they found two women like Savages or Furies, with long difchevelld hair dangling about their {holders, here¬ upon the Villany being difeoverd the Notary was put to exemplary punifhmenc. Thefe Rifings of the Napoiitan people and thofe of S icily , with other unlucky Traverfcs gave a (hrewd (hock to the Spanifh Monarchy ; It (hook alfo oliva- res the great Favorit of the Catholic King, and that fo illfavourdly, that his utter downfall followd ; Now in regard that this Favorit flept in the Kings bofom, and fwayd the Monachy of Spain folong, it will not be improper toinferthere ff’fhort Legend of his life. He was born in Rime during bis Fathers Embaffy there in the ( unlucky) Palace of Njro , and being a younger Brother, at hi* coming to Spain , he became a Student in the Law in Salamanca, and then got a Lay Prebendary in Sevill which was his firft preferment; Havinggoc fom fubfiftence and knowledge, he cameto C ourc, and infinuated into the favor o-f this King then Prince fo dextroufiy that he came afterwards to have an abfolute power over his inclinations, after the fallof the Duke of Lerma and PDon Balthafar de Zuniga , upon whofe ruines he built his fortunes: In a flaorc time after the death of ‘Philip the third, he was madeMafter of the Kings War¬ drobe , Matter of the Horfe, great Chancellor of the Indies, which Offices with fom Comanderies he got of the three Equeftrall Orders of Saint lago , Alcan¬ tara , and CaDtrava were worth him comptmiihus annis 240000. Crown* But he had other reaches to grow rich , for when the Galeons fet forth from Sevill, and the Caracks from Lisbon every yeer for the Indies, he ufd to embark in them great Cargazons ofCorn, Wine, and Oyle, Cnftom free, all which grew in his County of Olivares , and with the proceed of thofe Commodeties there were Jewels, Silks and Spices, bought and fold afterward for his account, wherbyhc could not choofe but gain many millions; For engrofling the Kings Favor more entirely, he had a’ way to reftrain 1 he Grandees, but whom he pleafd, from being about the Kings perfon , and for the Queen Ihe was only Co-partner of the Kings Bed, but hekept her from having any power at all in other things H* found divers inventions for inhancing the Royall Revencw, as that all Offices and Benefices which were beftowd , fhold pay half a yeers in-com to the King, P p which The Htjlory of the which was calld MtdiaunattsJDxext were waies alfo found out to decry and raife the value of Com , and not long before his fall there was a pro jed calld Papell Sellado, which was that no legall lnftrument, notfomnch as a Bill Obligatory (hold be of force, unlefs it were written in che Kings Paper with a particular Seal to it, and all public Notaries with others were to buy thefc feald Papers at the rate the King impofd upon them, by thefe means there was a Computation made that above two hundred millions of gold came extraordinary to the Kings Coffers in his time: Now thefe new things being impofd upon (fatalonia and Portugal, which claim more priviledges of enfranchifements then (faftillia, it was among other the ground of their Revolt. Now there were many things confpird to demolifli this Grand Minion of the Catholic Kings. Firft, A feries or crowd of ill fucceffes which tumbled one upon the neck of another , both in the Indies as the loofingof Qrmus and Co*, as alfo in Europe, and in Spain her felf by the revolt of Catatonia and Portugal, in Flanders by the loofing of many Towns which Francis the firft had payd for his ranfom. Nor was there any lignall Exploit worth the fpeaking atchievd. all his time, but that of Spinolat when he took the Palatinat, Secondly, The difaffeftion of the Queen whom he may be fayd to have kept to her Needle and Diftaffall the while, who one day broke out into fuch a paf- fion againft him having done her fom ill office a little before , that meeting him in a Lobby fhe took off one of her Chapines and banging him illfavourdly about the Pace, fayed. That Jbe wold have him know that Jhe was Daughter to Henry the Great, as Well as wife to the King of Spain : But this breach was made up prelenc- ly, by the patience anu humble proteftations of the Conde, never to offend her for the future. Awhile after the Kings affairs ncceflicacinghtm to go in perfon to Catalonia, he left the Queen Governeffe of Madrid, during which time fhe wonderfully gaind upon the aftedfions of the people, by allaying the auftere humor of the Spaniard with the affability of the French : At the Kings return fhe took heart then to fpeak of his affairs of ftate, of the intereft of his Monar¬ chy, of the revolt of Kingdoms, mine of Armies, and how all things went from badtoworfe, and were like to continue fo, if they whom his Majefty intrufted mod with the management of his affairs did not look better to things: This difcourfe funkfomwbat deep into the Kings brcft, which made his thoughts to refleit upon Olivares his chief Minifter; and nowthe Ice being broken the nexc night after Donna ainna de Guetlnra the Kings _Nurfe , took heart of grace to fpeak alfo to the King , having put her felf in a convenient place where the King was to pafs, where falling on her knees fhe told him, That fhe was not there to beg any grace at hts Mayflies hands, but to render the Crown c/Spain thegreateft Service it cold receive , therfore her Motherly ajf tftions enforcd her to difcover to his Majefty what perhaps others durft not adventure to do for humane relpefts ; So fhe prefented unto him the general/affliBion of his people,the fad condition of his King¬ dom , the many unfortunat'Jucceffes which happend by Sea and Land, fheWing him that thefe evtlls were the judgments of Heaven, forjuffering the Government of his Kingdoms which G od eMlmighty had appointed only for himfelf, to continue in the hands of another; fhe [aydthat it was high timeforhis CMajefty to be noW out of hts Peonage , and that he fbeuld not incenfe the indignation of Heaven , by fuffring hts poor Subjects to be longer abufd , at leaftt that he wold have compaffion on the Prince his Son who ran a hazard to be fimple King of Caftile or lefts, Jo Jhe concluded that iffhe had offended his LMajefty fhe was ready to receive what punijhment he fleafd, being -well contented having given her milkjor the good of hts Majefty , tofacrifice alfo her blood if need rccjuird. The King hearkned unto her all che while with much attention, and anfwerd tis all truth that you have fayd: Add hereunto that there was another thing happend that provdfatall to the Duke, which was that the infanta Margarita of Savoy who had bin Governefs of Portugal, having bin refttaind fom yeers from coming to the Court by the praftifes of Olivares, at laft venturd to com thither, and by the Queens favour fhe was admitted to fpMk Kingdom of E LES . fpeak with the King 4 where with flout and preffing reafons ftie made it appear that the lofs of hu Kingdom of Portugal was to be imputed principally to the carelefnefs of the Conde, for fhe had often written to him in what a hazardous difcontented flate that Councry was, but to her Avifos and Letters (lie receiv'd from him odd uncivill meflages, telling her that (he was fitter to govern a Fa¬ mily then a Kingdom, and bidding her that if (he comprehended the myfteries of State, at leaft ihe (hold not difcover them ; This Speech made deeper impref- (ions on the Kings heart then any of the reft, for it was molt home and plain, in- lorauch that this was the mortall wound which was given Olivares. * Thirdly, Thedeligns lie had to aggrandize his bale Son who bad gone many yeers by the name of Itslian Vale afar , and had married a common Strumpet, be¬ ing of a dillblute one himfelf, and under that name of Valeafar he had born Arms in flankers, Italy, and the Indus, where he was like to be hangd ; Yet Oliva¬ res having no Children of his own nor like to have any, fent for him, for Donna Margarita Spinola a Merchants Daughter, ( and fomtimes a Concubine of Oli¬ vares) took it upon her death that Olivares had got him by Her; So being com to Courc Olivares had his name changd to Don Henry ‘Philip deGufman , he pro¬ curd him alfo to be divorc'd from his tirft wife , and propofd a marriage for him With l‘he high Conftable of Cajhles Daughter, ‘Donna luanatie Velajfo prime La¬ dy of the Court, which took effedt; fo having provided a great Palace for him, the Grandees and Ambafladors came to give Don Henry the conjugall joy, trea¬ ting by the Title of Excellency, andfendmg him Prefents, he was declardGen- tleman of the Kings Bed-chbmber , and to be prefident of the Indies : But Don Henries carriage was (o ridiculous and fo uniiitable to a Noble-man thatcheie were Libells made of him up and down; This ftrange delign of Olivares, got him much hatred, fpecially from the Marquefs of » wll ° M married his lole Sifter , by whom he had Don Lins he Haro the Prefent, who was common Heir in Law to Olivares, and was like to be deprivd of it by cheforefayd Ballard; But upon the faliofthe Cords down fell alfo fiis Ballard, and the Conftable of Cafiile fent home for his Daughter, faying, that he had rather have his Daughter to be reputed a Whore, then co continue Wife to fuch a Rafcall. Fourthly, The juft hatred which the Grandees and Noble-men conceivd a- oainft him did accelerat his ruin, fpecially the Marquefs o (farpio bis Brother-in- law , whofe Son though a very hopefull Gentleman he could not abide, though his Nephew by his only Sifter. ; , , Ladly , the little Prince Balthaftr helpd to pufli him down, who though he was fourteen yeers of age yet by the pra&iles of the Duke he had no Court, or Servants fettled for him, buc was ftili left under the Government of women; Now it was about the Prince that the King firft difeoverd his difplcalure var •/ for asking him what Lodgings in the Palace were fitteft for him , and he anfwering thole of the Infante Cardinal, the King replyed, and why not yours f for thev were my Fathers, and mine alfo while I was Prince ; This ftruck an Earth-quake in the Dukes breft , fo that evening the King writ a Note to him with his own hand that he (hold intermeddle no more with his affairs , but retire to Loches a place hard by Madrid untill further order; The nextdayhis wife came weeping co the Queen to intercede for her husband, but the Queen anfwerd her very calmly Lo tpue hecho Dios, hs vajfalhs,y kt rtalesjneetios nol* pnede delhaxer el R eebar a mi fuera del palacio, A Woman was thecaufe that the firft man was thruft out of Paradice, and a Wo¬ man was the caufe that 1 alfo was thruft out of the Kings Palace. The Conde de Caftrillo brother to the Marquefs of C* r f w ^° was hrother- in-law to Olivares , was one of the chiefeft Engins which lielpd to pull down this great Tree, being a fober and wife well weighd man: He is now Vice-roy of Na¬ ples having fucceeded the little Conde dognarc who had done filch’fignalllu- pererogatory Services in fupprefling thofe horrid tumults in L^aples where the power of Spain was upon point of finking; and his wifdom was no lefs difeernd in ftttling peace , and (topping the wide breaches wherwith that Kingdom had bin fo milerably rent, as alfo in finding out and punilliingthecbiefeft Incendia¬ ries , wherof there were divers who felt the (harp Sword of Ntmefis-, And laft¬ ly , for devifing waies to raife fums countervaylable to thofe Gabels and Taxes, which the King was enfored to abolifh by the fury of the people. And now will 1 take leave of th t gentle Parthenope, that three Caftled and high crefted Citty , but a few words further of her Pedigree before w« part ; (he was built prefently after the Wars of Troy by a young Grecian Lady calid Parthe- wpf, whofe ftatue is to be feen there: She was Daughter of Eumelns Son to Ad- metus King ofTheffalj , after her Fathers dcathlhe confulted with the Oracle at 'Delphos what her Fortunes (hold be, the Oracle told her that (he was defignd for another Country , to betheFoundrefs ofanobleCitty which (hold be famous all the Earth over, therfore (he embarkd her felfwith divers more, and fayling a- long the Tyrrhen Sea, (he landed at laft in the next Promontory to Staples, whence as the Legend tells a white Dove conduced her to that palce, where Na¬ ples now ftands, where (he began to build and trace a Citty, which (he calld by her own name Parthenope, or the Virgin Citty, which appellation continued till Ottavianus the Emperor who firft calld her 2 {eapolis,or the City of Navigation , (he being in rifing poftures like an Amphitheater on theSet-fide, and wonder- Kingdom of JfaJTLES. full comodious for trafic, (he abounds with Silks, Oylcs, Flowers , Fruits andamoft generous Race of Horfes, as any place upon thc#arthJy Globe: As her Horfe* are generous, fo they are obfervd to be more docile, and neer to ra- tionall Creatures then any where elfe, for which this inftance fhall be produed; CwainM Bentivoglio fent Henry the Fourth of France a choice Napolitan Cour- fer with his Keeper ; when the Horfe was brought before the King, he comman¬ ded one of his Riders to mount him, who ‘neither with Switch or Spur wold fcarce ftir or fhew any feats of activity , the King herupon and the Beholders began to dtfparage the Horfe, taking him for fern dull Jade, hereupon the King defird an Italian Rider to mount him , the Horfe when he faw his own Rider rea¬ dy to back him, fell a trembling all over, but the Rider being got up he began to prance and flounce fo nimbly as if be wold have flown inco the Air , to the a- mazement of all the Spoliators, fo King Henry with the Prefenl beggd the Rider of the Cardinal^ whom he entertaind all his life-time. The Napolitan being born in a luxurious Country is obfervd to be the great- eft Embracer of pleafure, che greateft Courtier of Ladies, andthemoft indul¬ gent of himfelfof any other Nation , infomuch that no command of the King can make a Napolitan Gentleman to go upon any Service for three months in Sommer till the heats are over: They are full of Noble Friendlhip one to ano¬ ther , and fomtime they make their love to men controul their lufi to women ; As there was a notable example thefe late yeers in the perfon of the young Marquefs Oliverio , who being defperatly in love with the Countefs of Cafilem- vo, layd liege to her a good while, and the Count going to a Country-houfe of his, and taking his Countefs and Family with him, the Marquefs being more and more enflamd, goes to the Councry hard by one day a Hawking and let flies his Hawk into che Count of Cafilenovos Gardens,where it chancd he and his Countes vfere walking, the Marquefs made bold to retreeve his Hawk, the Count with very high Civilities did welcom him, and caufd a Banquet to be prefcntly provi¬ ded, where he and his Lady entertaind him ; being gone the Count began to com¬ mend the Marquefs, celling his wife that he was one of the hopefullft young No¬ ble men,and the fulleft of parts of any in the whole KingdomjThefe praifes made fuch impreflions in the ( ountefs that a little after lie gaind her, fo the time and place of pleafure being appointed, he was let in a privat way to her Chamber, where, {he being a bed as he was undrefiing himfelf to go to her, (he told him that he was beholden to the Count her Husband for this Favor, for {he never heard him fpeak fo much in commendation of any; Is it fo, fayd the Marquefs ? then I {hold be the arrantft Villan in the world to abufe fo noble a Friend, fo he put on his Dubblet agen, and departed (but with much civillity) in the very height and heat of luft, though he had fo commodious conjuncture of time as his heart could defire. But as the Napolitan have a high noble method of Friendfhip amongft them/o are they as revengfull as any other Italian: Among a world of examples that could be produed, let this fuffice; In the ancient Citty of Nysctra there were three young Noble-men calld Qonrado , Cefare, and Alexandra^ the eldelt was Prince of the place (before Charles the Fifts time.) There was and is rtill in 1 '{ocer.t a ftrong Caftle where the Prince Conrado had a Garrifon wherof lie made a Confi¬ dent of his Captain, and Keeper of the Caftle, the Prince moft of his time kept in his Country-houfe and his Brothers alfo , but fomtimes he wold com and ly fom dayes in his Caftle ; It fortund that his Captain having a comly woman to his wife the Prince fell in love with, and never left till he enjoyd her, which he had done often to the knowledg of her husband, fo beacing his brains how to be re- vengd he fell upon this way ; The Prince being at his Country-houfe , the Cap¬ tain fent him word that there were two wild Boares difeoverd in the Forrefl hard by , therfore if he and his two Brothers wold com fuch a day with their Dogs, he doubted not bat they (hold find very Princely fport; So Conrado came with his fecond brother Cefare, but Alexander could not com till two dayes af¬ ter, fo the Captain had provided a fitting Supper for the Prince and his brother. Who had brought another Noble-man with him to have part of the Sport, the Qjj Prince The Hijlory of, <3c c. Prince and the fayd Noble-man Jodgd in the Caftle, but Ctfare lay in the Town; The Captain was wondcrfull officious to attend the Prince to his Cham¬ ber , but having confederated with the chiefeft of the Garrifon in the dead of night they rulhd into the Prince his Chamber, and the firft thing they did they chopd of his Genitories, then his Head, which they put to ftand on a window, and quarterd the reft of his body ; This being done very filently, in the morning betimes they fent in the Prince his name for his fecond brother to com in all haft, when Prince Ctfare came, the Captain waited upon him to his brothers Chamber, where the firft Objetft he beheld was C oar ados head upon a window and his mem¬ bers quarterd and ftrewd up and down the Room; ah, fiyd Cejare, is this the wild boar vou writ of, yes, anfwered the Captain , but 1 writ to you of two, fo they fell’upon Him alfo, and made the like Sacrifice ofrevenge upon him; this being done the Captain barrd up the Gates, and going upon tne walls of the Caftle he fent for the chief of the Town, & made a Speech unto them in what fla- very they livd in under finr ado,ther fore if they ever defird liberty there was a fair opportunity offerrd now, becaufe he had ('onrado in his Cuftody, and he could do with him what he pleafd; But the Cittizens wold hearken to no fuch moti¬ on, fo they fent fpeedy word to Alexander the younger brother, who coming with fom Country forces, the Citty joynd with them andbeleagurd the Caftle, the Captain finding his cafe to be delperat, takes his wife firft on a high Turrec and hurld her down amongft them, then his Children, and afterwards murtherd himfelf in the ey of all the Citty. There is no Country fwarnas with Nobility more then the Kingdom of fits, the number wherof do daily encreafe, iniomuch that the laft account which was’taken, there were in Naples , Calabria , and tApulia , with the reft of the twelve Provinces adjoynd, two thoufand Barons, fifty Dukes, ninety Marquef- fes, feventy Earls and five Princes; But fom of thefe Nobles have but flender E- ftates, as Aretin reports, whofayes, that threeMarqueffesin Lnntguwa were found eating of Figgs off oneTree to keep them from ftarving- Now though the Spaniard entitle himfelf King of both the Sicilies; yet he holds the latter , 1 mean the Kingdom of Naples in Fee from the Pope, whom he ac¬ knowledged to be Lord-Paramount therof by righc of ‘Donation to the Chnrch; Therfore the Spanifh Ambaflador upon the Vigile ofSaint Peter, or every Saint Peters Eve, prefents the Pope in his Mafters name with a Heriot, and a Rent.; vies. With a Mule and feven thoufand Duckets in Gold, at the reception wher¬ of the Pope anfwers, Snfficiat prohac vice, Let it fuffice for this time, and till this be done, the great Catholic K i»g lyeth under an Excomunication , which in* fhort compafs of cime is layed onhim, and taken off every yeer. f. H. Scnefco non Segnefco. P i 1 S. • • • • ■ A 7. . Catalogue of M r - Howells Works infeverall Volumes. Printed by Ml Humphrey Molely. I- TV/JV. Howels Hiftory of Lewis the thirteenth King of France IVJ. with the life of his Cardinal de Richelieu. Fol. II. Mr. Howels Epillols HocWcmx, familiar Letters, Domeftick^and Forren, in fix Setfions, partly Hftoricall , Politicall, fhilojophicall, the thefirjt Volume with Additions. 8 °- III. Mr. Howels new Volume of familiar Letters, partly Hftoricall, Politic all , Philofophic all , the fecond Volume with many additions. 8 ®. IV. Mr. Howels third Volume ofadditionall Letters of a frejhtr date never before publtfbed. 8 °- V. Mr. Howels Dodon’as Grove,or the Vocal Forreft, thefirjl part in Fol. 4°- 1 2°* with many Additions. VI. Mr. Howels Dodon’as Grove, or the Vocal Forreft, the fecond partin 8 °- never printed before. VII. Mr. Howels Englands Tears for the prejent Wars. VIII. Mr. Howels Pre-eminence and Pedigree of Parliament in v 2°. in answer of Mr. Pryn. IX. Mr. Howels InftruStons and Directions for Forren travels , in 12°- with divers Additions for travelling into Turky, and the Le¬ vant parts. X. Mr. Howels Vote, or a Poem-Roy all prefented to his Majefty, in 4°- XI. Mr. Howels AnglianSufpiria &lachrymae, in 11°- XII. T umulus Thalamus two Counter-Poems, the firjl an Elegy upott Edward Earl of Dorfet, theJtcond an Epithalamium to the Lord M. of Dorchefter. XIII. Parables reflecting on the times. XIV. A German Dyet, or the Ballance of Europe, wherin the Pow¬ er and Weaknefs, Glory and Reproach, Vertices and Vices, Plenty and Wants, Advantages, and Defeats, Antiquity and Modernes of all the Kingdoms and States of Chriftendom are Impartially poiz'd by James Howell F fqj Fol. XV. Parthenopoeia, or the Hiftory of the mofi noble and renowned Kingdom of Naples , with the Lifts of all their Kings j the firjl part tranjlated out of the Italian by Mr. Samfon Lennard, the fecond Part continued to thefe prefent times 1654. by James Howell Efq', More More of Mr. Howls Works Printed by other Men. , - ■* " t -r ' XVI. ^TT^FIe g r eat French Diftionary refind and augmented 3 in a 1 large Pol. XVII. A Survey of the Signorj of V enice, in Fol. XVIII. A Dialogue trvixt the Soul and the Body. XIX. "She firfl P art of the late Revolutions in Naples. XX. TheJecond Part oj the fayed Reflations. XXI. the Warr of the Jems epitomiz'd. XXII. Sir Robert Cottens tVorkj which he was dejird topuhlifi). XXIII. Saint Pauls Progrejs upon Earth. XXIV. A Venetian Looking-glafs XXV. A Winter Dream. XXVI. The Trance. w Mercurius Acheronticus. XXVII. A Dialogue trvixt Patricius and Peregrin. XXVIII. An Inquifition afterblood. XXIX. The Infiruments of a King. XXX. The late Kings Declaration in Latino^ French, and Englijh. XXXI. Bella Scoto- Anglica, or the Traverfes of War twixt England and Scotland. XXXII. Mercurius Hybernicus XXXIII. T he Proccjs and pleadings in the Court of Spain for the death of Mr. Afcham, in Fol. Three of all which Books are Truncations , the reft his own Compositions. tl% 7 - 7 ^