WALKER 
 
 ARTIST' S 
 
 COMPANION 
 
 POCKET 
 
 tef 
 
 
Ulrich Middeldorf 
 
ARTISTs POCKET .COMPANION^ 
 
 BEING A 
 
 C O ME ENDIOUS T RE. A T i S E 
 
 ° F 
 
 K - T 
 
 v 
 
 Adapted: to the Arts of 
 
 P,;E -S I G N I N G, -P A I N T ILL G ?r 
 
 •*-* 
 
 M''# 
 
 A N D 
 
 S.C U Lap T U RE; 
 
 V!* ' ? 
 
 I n EE I G H T ■ F I G'XIEIC £ S i. 
 
 IN WHICH •’ ' 7 
 
 The Bones and the External Muscles of ib<, . '*M T 
 
 v .H;.U M A N B O D Y 
 
 Are reorefen ted, as they appear in the belt cHdfen Attitudes/ whem , 
 cleared of the Skin, the Mtmhyana adipofa r and. the Feint E|| 
 
 andT^rferiA that, lie on their Surfaced 
 
 ’ Mofo accurately Outlined from the befr-AN atomic al TableJ^§| 
 
 ■% 
 
 and F i g u r e s . extant. 
 
 With aroncife yet clear Explanation,’ ihewfng their 
 N AM E Sy O R I G I N, ’ INSERTI QN, a-nd U S E.; £ g?| 
 
 A Work, not only very ukful, but abfoduteiy.neceftary, to JPamt.ersy 
 Statuaries,.' and all Prdfeiiors - of -Draw ing .'and Defign ; as weU v a:i, 
 
 a proper Introdudlion to the Study - of Anatomy for ' the V fe oft ; 
 ' young Surgeons : And is both entertaining and hudruvUve. f n dhA 
 Pocket Books of the Curious. 
 
 T H E S ECO N I) E D I T -T O 
 
 kr 
 
 L O Ny D P ■ N ? 
 
 Printed .for and fold by W A E k EE , Engraver, No, 
 
 ^ z Sthth'. €Urkww$fl f 17 S 7 . 
 
—■Mg H mI 
 
T O 
 
 Sir JOSHUA REYNOLDS, Kt. 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL ACADEMY* 
 
 S I R, 
 
 J-JAVING prefumed to addrefs this fecond editiora 
 of the following apparent trifle to you, permit 
 ' me to obferve, that the re-publifliing it arifes from an 
 ardent- defire of being ferviceable to the Students of 
 thofe Arts for whofe inftruftion and encouragement 
 the Royal Inftitution, over which you fo juftly pre- 
 fide, w r as founded ; and I do it with the more confi- 
 dence, having experienced its ufefulnefs in drawing 
 after the living and other models at the Academy; 
 The fize being fo convenient, gentlemen may always 
 have them, and need never be at a lofs for the form 
 of a mufcle, to give a proper appearance to any part 
 of a figure : and in order to render the work as com- 
 plete as poffible, I have corrected it from nature, as 
 well as from the mo ft: approved models • 
 
 I have the honour to be. 
 
 S I R. 
 
 With the greateft refpeft. 
 
 Your obedient humble fervant, 
 
 J OHN. W A LKER, 
 
 £ 
 
 ■PR..E- 
 
C E. 
 
 J 
 
 A 
 
 ^HE human body being the moft common, as 
 ■"*“ well as the moll noble fiibjeft of the arts of Sta- 
 tuary, Painting,. Engraving, &c. a general 
 knowledge of the Anatomy of it is abfolutely necef- 
 fary for thofe who wifll to be eminent in the arts. 
 
 The antients entertained fo high an opinion of this 
 knowledge, as to efteem it the hiqS elfential qualifi- 
 cation ©f a good painter or flat nary. And among the 
 moderns, Michael Angelo, Raphael,. Bacchio Band!- 
 nelli, Daniel Volterra,, Pierrino del Yaga, Roffo of 
 Florence, Francifco Salviati, and others, have been,, 
 indebted for the firmnefs of their defigns, to their 
 Ikill in Anatomy.. 
 
 It may, by feme,, be thought unneceffary to load' 
 the mind with a critical ftudy of Anatomy ; yet it " 
 is certainly true, that it is impoffible to make a juft, 
 and perfect outline, even from the life itlelf, without 
 this knowledge ; becaufe, not knowing the office of 
 the mufcles, the art id cannot tell which ought to ap- 
 pear dwelled, and which not, that depending on their 
 cffice and abtion. To evince this truth, w r e will con- 
 fider the nature of the mufcles, and of rnufcular mo- 
 tion. A mufcle is compofed of a great number of 
 fleflfy fibres, like threads, running parallel to each 
 other, wrapped up and kept toother by one common 
 membrane ; its middle is fiefhy, its origin and infer- 
 tion generally tendinous ; and this iafl: being fixed to 
 a bone, draws it towards the place of the origin of the 
 
 [ 5 
 
 p 
 
 T? 
 
 F 
 
P R ERA C E.- 
 
 mufcle. When the mufcles a ft, they contra ft hi 
 length, and fwell in thicknefs and breadth ; confe- 
 quenfly, in every attitude,; thofe. rnnf£ies : -viill' feem 
 mod: lwelled, and their: feparation* from the neigh- 
 bouring mnfcles appear ftrongefr, that aft in fringing 
 the body to that’ attitude, while the Other inufcles will 
 appear comparatively flat : but as no living model can 
 continue any length of time in the attitude wherein he 
 is, placed, and before the artift has iiniihed his fketch, 
 he grows weary, the mufcles become languid and hat, 
 and he is obliged to have recourfe to a cord or ftaff,. 
 to fupport himfelf in the attitude required. When 
 this is the cafe,, notwithftanding the body and limbs 
 may remain in nearly the fajpe pofition, yet the muf- 
 cles that properly belong to the. aftion are not the 
 moflRvelied, but thofe that aft in making ufe of the 
 cord' or half for the fupport, for which differences a 
 painter ought to be able to account, and treat his fub- 
 jeft accordingly. 
 
 A young artifi fhouM endeavour -to obtain a free- 
 dom of handling, and a tolerable knowledge ..of light 
 and fliade, by drawing after figures of plainer of 
 Paris, and then apply himfelf to the ftudy of Ana- 
 tomy, fo far as it relates to his profeffion. By this 
 means he will profit more by drawing after life in one 
 feafon, than otherwife he could do in many years. 
 
 / The want of proper affiitance on this fubjeft is the 
 principal reafon why Anatomy is fo little itudied by 
 painters, &c. To remedy this difficulty, a fliort. folio 
 trea life was publifhed by Mr. Tinney fome years ago, 
 find recommended to all the ftudents at the Royal 
 
 Academy by the late keeper, Mr. Mofer ; but that 
 being tco large for ufe there, it is the delign of this' 
 
 
 to 
 
 

 ?' REF A C E. 7 
 
 %) remove that inconvenience, as it is nearly the fame, 
 and contains the external mufcles of the human body, 
 explained in a concife, yet fo clear a manner, that 
 whoever will apply himfelf attentively to it for a fhort 
 time, may attain inch a knowledge of Anatomy, as 
 may be of the greatefl fervice to him in the profecn- 
 tion of his fludies. 
 
 In the fludy of Anatomy, the belt method a young 
 artift can follow, is to learn the names, fiiape, pro- 
 portion, fituation, and manner of the bones joining 
 each other ; the fhape and iituation of the mufcles ; 
 their names, origin, infertion, and life ; afterwards to^ 
 compare them with fome good anatomical figure in 
 plaifter of Paris, and to draw from it on every fide ; 
 and, lafHy, to compare his performances with the life, 
 by fetiing a very mufcular man in fuch attitudes as 
 will belt fhew the mufcles he is in doubt about. 
 
 The figures in this work are taken from thofe well- 
 known anatomical works of Albinus, Cowper, and; 
 Vefalius, except the firft of the mufcles, which is. 
 from an original drawing made by the late Mr. A. 
 Walker, of the figure differed by the late Dr. Hun- 
 ter, for the Academy, (at that time in St. Martin’s 
 Lane) before the mould was taken, in which the 
 figure now at the Royal Academy was call ; and they; 
 have all been corre&ly examined and compared with 
 Ithe bell anatomical figures. 
 
 j The figures, by being cleared of the fkin, the fatty 
 fmembrane, the nerves, veins, and arteries, fhow the 
 Aufcles more perfeftly ; and if ftudied with atten-* 
 mon, will be of the greateft affi.ftance to young artifis, 
 and all others who wifli to be acquainted with drawing 
 and defign, 
 
 Th 
 
fthe following- Letters of RefmLhcc fttve 'foi' alAbe Skeletons 4.. 
 
 
 ~fy: Os .fronds, or bone of the fore- 
 head. 
 
 f>. Offa bregmatis. 
 
 . C. Os tempo rum. 
 
 T). Os occipitis, or back, part of 
 >A the head. . 
 s»w v - n. Tbe^rnaftpide procefs. . 
 
 , ' . ,E. .;Os jiign'le.; . 
 jt T ' .The .upper jaw v . 
 
 (A The- lower jaw. 
 
 .. ... Jf.; The* clavicular *of /collar bone: 
 j|jb|o » °*‘ breastbone. 
 
 of .the neck., 
 £3fhe,t\y.eive vertebrae of. the r-ibs./ 
 -f • vertebrae of. the -loins. 
 
 AiEto-jF The fevenjaye ribs.' 
 ';^'tp'T 2 . :-'Xhe five Faife fife;'- 
 .hf * Thfe' fcctp n la,: or lhou.lder blade . 
 bp The corscoide procefs of the 
 , ... Teapma.' •• 
 
 aexbndiina of the fcapula. 
 "Fv^'/TlieTpiriib 'of the fcapula. 
 
 ... ef Thedxife of the fcapula. 
 
 ®g humerus, or bbne of the 
 
 ;.V . 
 
 The hoad of the humerus. 
 
 T. g. A fylcus, or.furrow, in which 
 " p^s bhe nffhe heads of the 
 *•' T&eps. 'T£ff 
 
 K^The .outer profiYbenmte of the : 
 I Tutuerus ifrojsi. SV:hidi ari.fe 
 ' . flic ra'ufcles that extend the 
 ■■■ . w rift ' and ft ngeps* . • - 
 i. v Tlie inner pi’otuberahce ; from 
 . h' which artfe the mufcles tlrat 
 ; * bpfcd'tbe and^ngers. v; 
 fV The, radius 1 The/'bor'.ts. of 
 “ ’ ' tnabiii 
 
 of , t h< 
 
 R. The bones of the- carpus, on 
 
 wrilt. 
 
 S. The bones of the metacarpus,; 
 
 or hand. 
 
 T. Th^ bones of the thumb. 
 
 U. T he bones of the lingers. 
 
 W. Os facrum. " ... . . - - 
 
 X. ‘ Os coc^ygis. ; 
 
 Y. O s ilium. 
 
 l. The fpiiie of the ilium. 
 
 Z. Qs licmufn. ' 
 
 m. - The ^Dtu4b- proeefs of the if-r 
 
 chiitrtq . ; " 
 
 A, Os pqbis. '' 
 
 B . The femur, or thigh bone. 
 
 The head of the femur. 
 
 o. The gfeit trocha‘nt6r. 
 
 p. The leher trochanter. 
 
 ■ O,. The: ulna . . t 
 
 * k, T he ■ olecranon, 01 
 
 '.elbow, 
 
 q. The linca afpera, or fpine of 
 , the femur.. 
 
 r. The inner, protuberance of the 
 
 femur. 
 
 5 .. The enter protuberance of the 
 
 Cl'^ie patella, or knee pan. 
 
 D. Tlie tibia, th^flllBfebone oP 
 
 the leg. 
 
 E. The "fibula. 
 
 t. The 1 diver Appendix of the ti- 
 
 ■ b'a,'^.%mtr ankle. 
 
 u. .Th'6* I§WM* a&^ttidix ..Ofdtfte- . 
 
 Tibpfcv, of pyter ankle. \j 
 
 F. .The', os jcaicis,. or baneofthef 
 
 heel. 
 
 G. The farm?. ohTnitep, tq*n- 
 ' * Vofcd of l:x hemfes b<ditkh>di^ 
 
 ' 6s cal cj si 
 
 H. Bones of t iw meta.tnrf’ 
 
 foot. 
 
 I. -Bones of the toes^ 
 

pg 
 
 v \ . 
 
 V 
 
 
 \ 
 
 ■; I . \ • 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
m 
 
Obh'qmts descend 'e, 
 
 JRectus 
 
 °a?marv 
 
 Memirancsi/s 
 
 Jfynil. -6U7, $3i Tfd/kcr. 
 
 
Jiradiieruj-'j 
 mtemuj . A 
 
 °ronatar rotundus 
 
 Tastuj bUemuj^ 
 
 ^ W'P • P r Mlnjfiont t w/jirA _i.cn* t cciYre<it#-uji. jr/&rjjr 
 
/Flexor Carpi vbiarLr 
 
 rtmsor Carpi radtalis 
 
 (rlutaeies map or , ; 
 
 
7nt7n,. 
 
 SeminervositJ 
 
 L fplenius i 
 
 Ifacroirw i barks j 
 
 JoIxuj. 
 
iER«,\S 
 
 ■"•s • 
 
 Ifef; 
 
 IT-W"' 
 
a:.".,,," ■■ . V-,' - ■ 
 
THE ■ O 
 
 ARTIST’S POCKET COMPANION. 
 
 The numbers in all the plates of the mufcular ,figur&s correfpond 
 
 each other , and wiM the following account. In this edition the, namely. 
 ' have been annexed to thoje figures where the rnufles ' are ni.fi df- . 
 tinfflyfeen. 
 
 1 The names of the mufcles are- either compounded of their origin and inf 
 
 tion , or expreffive of their ftoape or ufe ; and any perfon may , with a ■ 
 little trouble , and the help of a Latin Dictionary, inform hiuijdf of 
 
 their derivation. 
 
 Name , Origin , Infer tion, and Ufe ofjhe Mufcles. 
 
 I. 
 
 os hy- 
 
 JffTERNGHTOIDJEUS arifes from 
 the iiernum and clavicula, and. is. 
 inferted into the bafe of th 
 oides. 
 
 Mafloidceifs arifes from the fcenium, 
 and part of the clavicula, and is 
 inferted into the outer part of the 
 madoide procefs. 
 
 Trapezius arifes from the hinder part 
 of the head, from the fpines of the 
 vertebrse of the neck, and. the, eight 
 upper ones of the back ; is inferted 
 into the fpine and acromium of the 
 fcapula and the clavicula# 
 
 wards*. 
 
 4. Pefloralis arifes from part of the cla- 
 i vicula, the fternurhj and the.fix up- 
 ,per ribs ; and is inferted by a ftrong 
 7 tendon into the humerus, four hn-> 
 gers breadth below its head. 
 
 Deltoides ^arifeth from, part of the cla- 
 . vicula, from the acromium and 
 fpine of the fcapula 1 it is com- 
 
 b 
 
 ' Q: hyoides h a fwall boy? in the throat) never preferred "in theqrtip 
 aalfkekt.on % 
 
 1. 
 
 Draws the os hyeide-s - 
 downwards. The ac-- : - 
 tion of this' mulcts?- is " 
 hardly perceivable.*'- hi 
 Draws the .head clowns - 
 wards' and fide w ay's, 
 
 ■ 4 W* 
 
 Moves the /pqpuj|a u , ;/j 
 wards, ■ -hack wuTs^|| 
 
 . and downwards.. 
 muicle, palling oc-r ’ -g 
 tlve . fcapula,. v'cpiitn' -* 
 
 butes. ' vei-yft much:;t^«Ji 
 
 gi ve a ceiTaiivrptrViid?- : 
 nefs which we Tpe 
 that part.. ; -.N | 
 Draws the ; arm ' for-; 
 
 m 
 
 R aifes ■ tine, arm, !. aivd : 
 atiills in every mo-i 
 tion, ..except that of 
 deprefiing it. . ' $ 
 
 - pofedf 
 
 
fr 
 
 NamCy Origin , Infer' ion > and life of the Mufthi* 
 
 pofed. of fey era! lobe? or parcels of 
 fieili, which ail join in one tendon,: 
 and arc infected, info the humerus, 
 four fingers bi'eadth below its head. 
 6 . Bleeps hath two head's ; one arifing 
 from the tipper edge of the head of 
 the fcapula, the other from the 
 proceffus coracoides of the fcapula : 
 they both unite about the middle. 
 
 - , of the arm, and make one belly, 
 
 which. is infected by a ffrong round 
 tendon into the tuberofity, at the 
 uppei/end of the radius. 
 
 *7. B rach'meus interims is partly covered 
 •by the biceps, and fs marked with 
 two figures. 1 1 kri fes from the mid - 
 ' ‘die and internal part of the. hume- 
 rus j and is inferred .into the , upper 
 and fore part of the ulna. 
 
 Sf Getrtelfo s, i t may hlfo be called triceps 
 ’ brachialis, being compofed of the 
 hrachiaeiis ex tenuis, the mufculus. 
 
 ■ fongus, and the mufculus brevis. 
 
 " Thefe three joined make one ten-; 
 
 * don, which covers the elbow, and 
 ' is infer ted into the hind part of the 
 
 * / olecranon. - 
 
 .;|f; Slcodieus arileth from |lie back part 
 of the outer protuberance of the 
 b humerus, and is infer ted into the 
 / ulna, four ' fingers breadth below 
 ' ‘ • the olecranon. 
 
 IG. Pronator rotnndus rifes from the in- 
 ner protuberance of the humerus, 
 where thofe bending the wrift and 
 
 ■ fingers arrfe ; and defeends oblique- 
 ly to its iufertion, a little above the 
 middle of the radius. 
 
 Supinator Radii iongus ^ rifeth a little 
 ! ‘.above the optcr protuberance of the 
 
 6. Bends the fore arm. 
 
 7. Bends the fore arm. 
 
 cT'jr fx; 
 
 8. Bends' the fore arm. 
 
 9. Helps to extend the 
 arm. 
 
 IO. Turns the palm of the 
 hand downward. 
 
 rl. Turfas^ the palm up-* 
 ward. 
 
Origin, Insertion, and tJJc of the Mufcks, It 
 
 humerus, and is inferred into the 
 lower part of the radius. 
 
 J'2. Flexor Carpi radiaBs hath its rife 
 from the inner protuberance of the 
 humerus, and upper part of the 
 ulna, and is infcrted into the fir ft 
 bone of the metacarpus, that fuf- 
 tains the fore finger. 
 
 2 3. Flexor Carpi ubiarh arifeth from the 
 inner protuberance of the humerus, 
 and is inferred into the inner little 
 bone of the wrift. 
 
 14. Palmaris rifes with the former, and 
 
 pafiing by a (lender tendon to the 
 palm of the hand, expands itfelf, 
 and is infer ted into the bones of the 
 metacarpus, and the firftf bones of 
 the fingers. 
 
 15. Perforates and Perforans. The firft. 
 
 rifes from the inner protuberance’' of 
 the humerus and the radius, and is 
 divided into four tendons, which 
 are i inferred into the fecond bone of 
 the* fingers, juft above their in - 
 fertion they are perforated, to give 
 paffage to the tendons of the perfo- 
 rans, which arifes from the upper 
 part of the ulna, and is divided into 
 four tendons that pfifs through the 
 former, and are inferred into the 
 ' t'hijrd hones of the fingers. 
 j6. r.xtcnfor C arpi radialis arifeth from 
 the outer protuberance of the hu- 
 merus, and is inferred into the bones- 
 cf the metacarpus, which luftain- 
 the fore and middle fingers. 
 
 ,17. Fxtenfor Carpi Minarii rifes from the 
 fame place w ith the former, and is 
 ,^'w infer ted into the boats of the mc- 
 ‘ 'ft E a 
 
 12. Bends the wrift. 
 
 r 3. Bends the wrift arid 
 little finger. 
 
 14. Helps, the hand to 
 
 grafp any thing. 
 
 N. B. The mufcles of the 
 fore arm arc never 
 marked ftrong? huf 
 when the hand grafps 
 fpmething hard. 
 
 15. They bend the fingers. 
 
 16. Extends the wtiftv 
 
 1 7. Extend 1 : ; the wrift. 
 
r 'Y% 
 
 Name, Origin, Infer lion, and Ufe ofthe Mufcles. 
 
 1 8. 
 
 M 9 * 
 
 tacarpus^ which fuftain the little 
 huger. 
 
 EJctenfor . Pollicis rifes from ' behind 
 the middle part of the radius and 
 ulna, and paffes over the tendon of 
 the extenfor radialis, and is inferted 
 by two or three tendons .into the 
 bones of the thumb. 
 
 P.xternfor Digitorum arifeth from the 
 outer protuberance of the humerus, 
 and from the hinder part of the 
 .radius and ulna. At the wrift it is 
 divided into three tendons, which 
 are inferted into the bones of the 
 three fir ft fingers. 
 
 Extenfor minimi Digiti arifeth from 
 . the outer protuberances- of the hu-» 
 rnerus, and from the upper part of 
 the ulna, and is’ inferted into the 
 third bone of the little finger. 
 
 S err atas major; anticue, arifeth from 
 the fix lower true ribs, and from 
 the firft, and'fometimes fecond falfe 
 ribs, by fo many dtftinbb portions, 
 
 ■ refembling the teeth of. a.faw, and 
 is inferted into the bafe-of the fca- 
 pula. A part of this mufeie is only 
 feen, the reft being covered by the 
 pedloralis. • 
 
 iObliquus defeendens arifeth from the 
 * tw.o laft true ribs, and the five falfe, 
 by five or 'fix digitations ; the four 
 uppermolb lie between the teeth of 
 the ferratus. It defeends. obliquely 
 by abroad and thin tendon;- and 
 ' paftnig.upd^r the reeftus, is inferred 
 -all along the linen alba, to the up- 
 per and fore part of the fpine of the 
 
 19. 
 
 20. 
 
 21. 
 
 22. 
 
 Extends the thumb. 
 
 Extends the fingers. - 
 
 Extends the little fin-* 
 ger. 
 
 Draws the fcapula 
 forwards and down- 
 wards. It aftifts in 
 ref^iration in extra- 
 ordinary difficulties. 
 AVhen the fcapula is 
 drawn upwards, and 
 backwards by the 
 trapezius, this muf- 
 cle being fo fixed, 
 raifes the ribs. 
 
 Aftifts in expiration. 
 
 

 Name , Origin y Infer tion, and life of the Mufcles • 
 
 ilium, and to the fore part of the 
 os pubis.- 
 
 ,3. Redus rifes from the fternum, and 
 the two laft true ribs, and is in- 
 ferred into the os pubis. 
 
 24. Latijfmus T> orji arifes from the hind 
 part of the fpine of the ilium, the 
 upper fpine of the os facrum, from 
 all the fpines of the vertebrx of the 
 loins, and from the feven lower 
 ones of the back. It paffes by the 
 lower angle of the fcapula, to which 
 fome of its fibres are fixed, and 
 joining with the teres major, is in- 
 ferted into- the humerus, three fin- 
 gers below its head. 
 
 . Teres major arifeth from the lower 
 angle of the fcapula, and is inferted 
 with the former. 
 
 26. Infrafpinatus rifes from the cavity 
 
 below the fpine of the fcapula, and 
 filling that cavity, is inferted into 
 the humerus, a little below its 
 head. 
 
 27. Splenitis arifeth from the three lower 
 
 vertebrae of the neck r and five up- 
 per ones; of the back, and is in- 
 serted above the mafloide procefs. 
 
 23. 
 
 Raifes the body when 
 lying on the back, 
 and fuftains it when 
 bent back. It has 
 three or four bands 
 which divide it, and 
 make it appear like 
 feveral mufcles. They 
 are not always alike, 
 the third being in 
 fome higher, in others 
 even with the navel, 
 and in fome bodies 
 one below it. 
 
 Helps to draw the arm. 
 down, and obliquely 
 backward : it is fo 
 thin at its origin, 
 that the mufcles un- 
 der it may be feen^ 
 but at its infertion i? 
 fleihy. 
 
 Helps to draw the.hrrit 
 downwards and back-* 
 
 24. 
 
 . , waif, 
 
 M Draljs 
 
 wards 
 
 *wards, 
 
 ihe arm down- 
 and back- 
 
 27. Draws the head back- 
 wards and fide way 5. 
 
 48 . S*4 
 
:;f4 ' Hhigin, tnjcrthn y and V[i of, the Mufchs. 
 
 a8. 
 
 Sacrohmbaris arifeth from the upper 
 part of the os facrum, and back 
 part of the fpine of the ilium, and 
 is inferred into the back part of the 
 ribs,' near their root. 
 
 Longifimus Dorfi rifes from the fame 
 origin as the former, and is inferred 
 partly into the procefies of the ver- 
 tebrae of the back, and partly into 
 the ribs. 
 
 S°- 
 
 3i. 
 
 3 J - 
 
 ’j3- 
 
 Glufaus: major arifes from the exter- 
 nal furface of the ilium and if- 
 chium, from thd os coccvgis and 
 os facrum, and is inferted into the 
 thigh bone,- a. hand’s breadth below 
 the great trochanter. 
 
 GluUeu's rntdius rifes from the exter- 
 nal furface of the ilium and if- 
 chium, and is inferted into the' 
 great troth anter. 
 
 Triceps hath three heads ; two of 
 
 * them arife from -near the articula- 
 tion of the os pubis, the Other from 1 
 the tubercle of the iichium, and 
 are inferted al 1 aloifg the fpine : o» 
 the femur. 
 
 M evibrano [us ari fetti from the upre; 
 and fore part 'of the fpine of the 
 ilium: its flcfhy part . tetmin ate: 
 at the great trochaptery where it: 
 ibembranons begins. 4 . and fpreading 
 
 20 1 
 
 Thefe mufcles keep 
 the body ereeft, 
 bend it backwards, 
 and fuftain it when 
 bent forwards ; and 
 when they adl on- 
 ly on one fide, they, 
 draw the body fide- 
 ways. 
 
 Although thejhree lafb 
 mentioned mufcles 
 are entirely covered 
 by the trapezius and 
 the latiifimus dorfi, 
 their fhape and ac- 
 tion may be plainly 
 feen, as ftiewn in the 
 fmall figure by the 
 fide of figure VII. 
 
 30. Extends the thigh. 
 
 31. Helps to extend the' 
 thigh. 
 
 32. Pulls the thigh in- 
 ward. 
 
 33. Draws the >g.;; ana 
 thigh outwards. 
 
 fever 
 
N£Mr } Origm t Infirtlon, and Up of the Mufcles, \ ir 
 
 . over the mu Teles of the thigh, paiTes ' 
 to its infertion on the upper part of 
 the tibia. 
 
 ■34. Sartorius rifes with the former, and 
 defeending obliquely over the thigh, 
 is infer ted into the inner and upper 
 part of the tibia. 
 
 .35. Gracilis rifes near' the articulation 
 of the os pubis, and is inferred into 
 the upper and inner part of the 
 tibia. 
 
 36. Biceps Fcmoris. has two heads ; one 
 
 ■riling from the tuberofity of the if- 
 chium, the other from the linea 
 afpera of the thigh bone ; they 
 both join, and are inferred by one 
 tendon , into the upper part of the 
 fibula. 
 
 37. S e miner vofus arifeth from the hinder 
 
 protuberance of the ifehium, and is, 
 infer ted’ into the inner part of the ! 
 tibia, below its., articulation with 
 the fibula. 
 
 38. Scmimembrmfus rifes from the up- 
 
 per protuberance of the .ifehium, 
 and ia-inferted into the upper and 
 back part of the tibia. 
 
 39. Beftus Femoris arifeth from the lower 
 
 part of the fpine of the ilium, and 
 Tf-i, inferted with the two 'following 
 mufcles. 
 
 40. Vajhts externus arifeth from the great 
 
 trochanter, and external part of the 
 femur, and is inferted with the 
 
 .41. Vajhts internuSy which arifeth from 
 the lefier trochanter, and internal, 
 part of the femur. Thefe three 
 -mufcles make one ftrong tendon, 
 juft above the knee, and paiTes over 
 -the patella.; to which it adheres, and 
 
 34.,Croftes the legs in the 
 manner taylors fit ; 
 from whence its 
 nan>e. 
 
 35. Helps^to bend the leg, 
 and affoft in bringing 
 it and the thigh in- 
 wards. 
 
 36. Helps to bend the leg, 
 
 and is employed in 
 turning the leg and 
 foot outward, when 
 we lit down. 
 
 37. Helps to bend the leg. 
 
 38. Helps to bend the leg. 
 Thefe four laft mufcles 
 
 generally a<St toge- 
 ther, 2nd make but 
 onemafs, which ap- 
 pear like ope mufcle, 
 efpecially 40011, t the 
 middle of the Thigh.. 
 .Thefe mufcles ex- 
 tend -the leg. When 
 a figure ftands cor* 
 one leg, there ap- 
 pear above the knee 
 certain fwellings, 
 w r hich are made by 
 the tendon of thefe 
 three mufcles, and 
 the fkin. As foon 
 as the knee bends, 
 they difoppear. 
 
 39 
 
 40 < 
 
 41 
 
 ji 
 
•* / : •*- 
 
 Name, Origin. r Infertion , and 
 
 is inferted into the upper part of the 
 
 f V 
 
 lajis anticus arifeth from the up- 
 pi^^^d outer part of the tibja, and 
 isWrted into the - os cuneiforme 
 >|netatarfi. 
 
 ■Gd/icm$ to& ks. has two diftindt fiefhy 
 originano^Tfom the hind part of 
 the prot|be’tances of the thigh bone. 
 In its defcent they are dilated into 
 tVvo fiefhy bellies ; the innermoft is 
 . thickeH and larged: ; they, joining 
 ^ together, make a broad firong ten- 
 don, which joins with the tendon of 
 the fobeus, and is inferted with it.' 
 ■Solcetis arifes from the upper and 
 back part of the tibia and' fibula, 
 and increafes to a fieihy belly, 
 
 . which lies under the former * muf- 
 cle, and terminating in a very 
 ftrong tendon (by Tome called the 
 cord of Achilles) - and is inferted 
 into the hinder part, pf the os cal- 
 
 to 
 
 Peronddus arifes from the upper and 
 outer part of the fibula, and paffing 
 under, the channel of the outer an- 
 kle, is inferted into the outer bone 
 of the metatarfus. 
 
 Extej^br ; Digitarunt Pedis K arifeth 
 from the upper part of the tibia, 
 .and is. inferted into the bones of 
 . ihe tccsh ' w 
 
 42. Bends the foot> 
 
 43 
 
 44I 
 
 r Thefe ' extend the 
 foot. .The’adlions 
 of.thefe mufcles is. 
 very neceffary inf 
 walking, running, 
 leaping, and Hand- 
 ing on tip-toe ; and 
 thofe -who walk 
 or run much, or 
 carry, heavy bur- 
 thens, have thefq 
 mufcles larger tha& 
 others* 
 
 
 45. Draws the foot out 4 - 
 
 wards- 
 
 46. Extends the tce^f 
 
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