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V 
 
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS 
 
 FOR 
 
 RUSTIC COTTAGES, 
 
 PICTURESQUE DWELLINGS, VILLAS, &c. 
 
 WITH APPROPRIATE 
 
 SCENERY, PLANS, AND DESCRIPTIONS. 
 
 TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED, 
 
 SOME CRITICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR STYLE AND CHARACTER; 
 
 AND ALSO OF 
 
 / 
 
 Castles, ^hUts, anti ancient Cnglisi) ^omtQ, 
 
 CONCLUDING WITH 
 
 PRACTICAL REMARKS ON BUILDING, AND THE CAUSES OF 
 
 THE DRY ROT. 
 
 % W. F, POCOCK, Architect. 
 
 ELEGANTLY ENGRAVED ON THIRTY-THREE PLATES. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR J. TAYLOR, AT THE ARCHITECTURAL LIBRARY, NO. 5Q, HIGH HOLBORN. 
 
 1807. 
 
T. Ben Iky, Primer, 
 EoltCouil, FkctSUccti London. 
 
TO 
 
 SIR JOHN COURTENAY HONEYW^OOD, BART. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 I DO myself the honour of dedicating this 
 Work to you with increased satisfaction, when I reflect 
 that it may be in some small degree interesting, by 
 according with your Sentiments ; and calculated to fur- 
 ther the views you entertain for promoting the com- 
 forts and happiness of those rustic dependants necessary 
 to an extensive Estate. It is with pleasure I embrace 
 the opportunity thus afforded me, of paying you a 
 public testimony of respect, which adds one more to 
 the numerous obligations you have already conferred 
 
 upon, 
 
 Sir^ 
 
 Your obliged humble Servant, 
 
 WILLIAM FULLER POCOCK. 
 
 Camberwell, Surrey, 
 Junes, 1807. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 It is not without considerable anxiety that I submit this Work to the 
 Pubhc, being aware that the opinions of friends may be in some 
 degree erroneous, or at least too partially indulgent to the efforts of 
 those whom they personally regard. One error, I trust, I have 
 avoided, through timely obsendng Avhere many have so often failed, 
 by giving the reins to the imagination, and designing, by the force of 
 fancy only, compositions, which, however pleasing they may appear 
 in a picture, might, perhaps, be impracticable in the execution : or, 
 even if that were effected, it might be to the disgrace of the Architect, 
 and great disparagement of the taste of the employer, Avho encouraged 
 such fanciful productions, constructed without scientific considera- 
 tion, or practical judgment. 
 
 But, perhaps, in steering too wide from the Whiilpools of 
 Charybdis, I may run upon the rocks of Scylla, and in guiding 
 myself by the narrow rules dictated by economy, prove deficient in 
 novelty, variety, and efltect. It has, however, been my object to 
 attain those points, and that with the least expence possible, which 
 
VI PREFACE. 
 
 the advance in the price of every article used in Building renders 
 highly requisite; at the same time I beg leave to observe, that the 
 effect of an Architectural design cannot be accurately ascertained 
 without embodying it, in " the mind's eye," into substance and 
 efl'ect, and then judging of the appearance in different points of 
 view, as it regards the character of the design itself, and the situation 
 for which it is intended. 
 
 The observations preceding the designs, are selected as the most 
 obvious among those which naturally present themselves to the mind 
 on a view of the respective subjects; they are classed under three 
 distinct heads for the sake of perspicuity, although many of them will 
 apply to other divisions of the subject in addition to that under 
 which they are placed; and I trust that the language in which they 
 are expressed will not operate to the disadvantage of the sentiments 
 intended to be conveyed, " upon a presumption that reasonable 
 men look for nothing further than mere information in the writings 
 of Artists." 
 
 Some of these Designs now submitted to the Public, were com- 
 posed purposely for this Work; some were intended for execution, 
 and others have been carried into effect. These latter, tiierefore, 
 having been judged by this criterion, are not merely representations 
 upon paper: in fact, every design has with that view been minutely 
 considered in detail, and if any Gentleman should find parts that 
 
PREFACE. Vll 
 
 do not appear consistent in this respect, I shall be ready to afford 
 any reasonable explanation upon being applied to for that pur- 
 pose. 
 
 W. F. P. 
 
 Mr. PococK requests those Noblemen and Gentlemen who 
 favour him with their commands, to address their communications 
 to his Office, N° 26, Southampton Street, Strand. 
 
INTRODUCTORY OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 Upon considering the style of Arcliitecture, as it has been for some 
 time practised in this country, it will appear that the chief object in 
 the construction of a residence has too generally been, merely to 
 adapt it to the purposes of life with very little regard to external ap- 
 pearance. This error may have arisen since it has become the fashion 
 to regard the usefulness rather than the beauty of what relates to per- 
 sonal accommodation, a principle which, as long as it is not carried 
 to too great a length, certainly reflects credit on the good sense of the 
 present day ; but many have thought of little else in the construction 
 of their Houses than the combining with the arrangement of a suffi- 
 cient number of rooms, the several domestic conveniences that make 
 a residence desirable. Thus, in consequence of this rage for utility, 
 Architecture, like every thing else under the influence of fashion, has 
 been hurried into those extremes to Avhich it too generally leads when, 
 solely direcled by caprice and a desire for novelty, it disdains the 
 corrections of good sense and acute discrimination. But is not the 
 meagre and inelegant manner, in whieli Houses are now too often 
 built, as far removed from the just and happy medium as the sump- 
 tuousness and niamiificence of the Seventeenth Century, which by 
 constantly aiming at the gi-atid maniere became heavy and inele- 
 
 gant? 
 
 B 
 
2 
 
 The inducements to avoid unnecessary ornaments have undoubt- 
 edly been considerably augmented by pecuniary motives; also by a 
 desire to avoid the application of the requisite resources for Building 
 to any other end than the procuring the required conveniences, with 
 such an appearance as could not be dispensed with. This also ac- 
 counts for the attention that has of late been paid to the improvement 
 of the accommodations and embellishments of buildings of a humble 
 character, and moderate dimensions; the first to render them habit- 
 able, and the second to avoid the appearance of meanness, as such 
 Buildings are, no doubt, more generally desirable, and within the 
 compass of a far gi'eater number of persons. 
 
 The danger to be feared from the innovations thus introduced 
 upon the established rules of the art is, that it may produce such an 
 inattention to all precept, and such a deviation from all example, as 
 may lead to its destruction, by indulging every extravagance of fancy, 
 by those who may in future wish for a handsome appearance. Such, 
 A'ery probably, may have been the course the arts took in their de- 
 cline at Rome, about the period when Constantine removed the seat 
 of empire from that capital to Byzantium. 
 
 Something may be feared also from the desire which induces us 
 to explore the architecture of ditferent countries during the remote 
 ages of the world, for the purpose of engrafting new features upon 
 our former stock, thereby forming a heterogeneous medley without 
 either propriety or elegance. This it is to be feared will lead to the 
 indidgence of every extravagance, and thereb}'^ corrupt the pvirity of 
 our taste in the Arts, which must in the end prove their utter destruc- 
 tion. Such was the case with the old English Architecture in the 
 reign of Henry VIII, when the extravagance of the architects of those 
 days paved the way to the non-descript style in use during the reigns 
 of Elizabeth and James, although it must be confessed that extrava- 
 
gance ultimately introduced the Grecian and Roman Architecture 
 into this country. 
 
 It is not here in the least meant to be insinuated, that an investi- 
 gation into the Architecture of the early ages can be at all detrimental 
 to the national taste, for it would certainly have a tendency to im- 
 prove it, if judiciously conducted, and I have long been of opinion 
 that a critical enquiry of this nature, wherein the state of the Art in 
 general, as it existed under the great monarchies, might be thorouo-hly 
 and minutely investigated, would be a valuable acquisition to archi- 
 tecture in particular, and to the arts of design in general, as neces- 
 sarily connected therewith ; especially, if illustrated by such designs 
 and examples as may be collected from authentic sources. 
 
 In the pursuit of such an inquiry we should find that architectural 
 genius has flourished among the populous and extensive nations of 
 the east, which, notwithstanding the various and peculiar decorations 
 occasioned by their mythology, evinces great vigour of thought and 
 fertility of fancy, and in some instances delicacy of taste, the indica- 
 tions whereof we may trace in the light and airy structures of the 
 Chinese, or in the massive and stupendous Temples of the Thebais 
 " the date of whose ruin is older than the foundations of most other 
 cities;" ' " and yet such vast and surprising remains are still to be seen 
 of their magnificence and solidity, as may convince any one who be- 
 holds them, that without some extraordinary accidents they must have 
 lasted for ever." The same air of majestic grandeur is also evident 
 in the lofty Pagodas and magnificent Fanes of India, " constructed 
 of such enoiTnous dimensions that the bigotted natives think them the 
 work of invisible agents." ' " We are equally awed by the majestic ap- 
 pearance of these august fanes, and struck Avith wonder at the laboured 
 
 ^ Dr. Pococke's Egypt, p. 109. 
 ^ Maurice's Indian Antiquities, Vol. III. p. 13, 16. 
 
decorations displayed on ihcir surface, which is, in general, covered 
 all over with figures of Indian animals and deities, sculptured with 
 great spirit and accuracy." But where shall we find a person possessed 
 of the requisite qualifications to perforin this task with success, and 
 at the same time animated with sutficient courage to undertake it, 
 and with leisure to ensure its completion. 
 
 It has often occurred to me that the style of many of the oriental 
 Buildings bears a strong affinity to our Gothic structures, and I have 
 sometimes employed myself in combining the outline and proportions 
 of the former with the decorations of the latter. This has been done 
 with great satisfaction to myself at the singular facility with which they 
 unite: but to return to my present object from which, Avith the inco- 
 herence of an enthusiastic admirer, I have strayed. I shall make one 
 observation upon the advantage the arts and artists may derive from 
 u just and cultivated taste in their patrons. 
 
 Many things absurd in themselves, and ridiculous in the relative 
 situations in which they are placed, are sometimes by the fashion of 
 the day rendered familiar to the eye, and thereby engage the fancy 
 of such admirers of the arts as do not take the trouble of thinking for 
 themselves. Fanciful conceits, however, will never impose upon 
 those of cultivated understanding, whose judgments are informed, and 
 whose imaginations are stored with beautiful imagery; for accus- 
 tomed as they will then be to think over pleasing forms and correct 
 proportitms, and to judge of the propriety of their application, any 
 departure from the fundamental principles of true taste will immedi- 
 ately discover itself to them. 
 
Of Rustic Cottages, or Habitations of the Labourer— the advantages 
 to be derived from them — their proper Situation — the Materials with 
 which they maij be built. 
 
 Tuis constitutes a class of Building peculiarly interesting, whether 
 that interest arises from a heart, wishing to serve the cause of huma- 
 nity in providing comfortable dwellings for a numerous part of our 
 fellow-creatures, or from ideas of improvement in the mind of a great 
 landed proprietor. 
 
 Takino- the position for granted, that the strength, and consequent 
 importance of every country depends upon its possessing a bold, and 
 numerous peasantry, it renders this class of Building, so immediately 
 relating to them, of the highest importance. 
 
 For what is so likely to render them numerous as the possession 
 of comfortable Habitations, where, after the labours of the day they 
 may enjoy domestic comforts in the midst of iheir families? 
 
 " The little smiling Cottage! where at eve 
 He meets bis rosy children at the door. 
 Prattling their welcomes." 
 
 If a small portion of ground for a garden is attached, in cultivat- 
 ing which they may occupy their leisure hours, it may prevent their 
 spending their time and money in scenes of intemperance, whereby 
 their habits of industry are relaxed, and their morals corrupted. 
 
6 
 
 What can so much conduce to their being bold and energetic as 
 the enjoyment of these comforts and advantages under a beneficent 
 hmdlord, to whom they will become attached through sentiments of 
 gratitude; while, by being able to maintain their families without 
 parochial aid, their sentiments of honour will be preser^'ed, their 
 natural independence of mind remain unbroken by indigence and 
 inactivity; and they will be in every respect more worthy members of 
 society, and better fitted for the defence of their country when called 
 upon. In many situations on a large estate these rustic Buildings 
 will form pleasing and characteristic objects in the landscape. When 
 the mind is filled with beautiful and sublime ideas from the contem- 
 plation of an extensive prospect, as the circle of vision gradually con- 
 tracts, the eye dwells with peculiar delight on the clay built Cottage 
 covered with thatch; or if embosomed in umbrageous foliage, the roof 
 alone be visible, this with the light and curling smoke will sufficiently 
 enliven the scene, by pointing out a habitation. 
 
 The timber requisite for building Cottages almost any estate of 
 moderate magnitude will furnish at a small expence; the materials 
 necessary for the Avails will, in all cases, be the most important con- 
 sideration, and those best adapted to this purpose vary in almost 
 every district. If the Cottages are of a better description than those 
 usually built with clay or turf, or after the Pise method, the walls 
 may be built with stone, rough as it is dug from the quaiTy; or if a 
 considerable number of Hints can be collected, good walls may be 
 built with them; brick earth is often found on many estates, from 
 which bricks may be had at a cheap rate, but if bricks are not to be 
 procured at an easy charge, and the two former methods are not prac- 
 ticable on the spot, wood enclosures filled in with bricks between the 
 quarters, (called brick-nogging) may be most economical. This cer- 
 tainly is not cheaper than walls where bricks can be procured in suf- 
 ficient (piautities at the common prices; but when no other materials 
 
proper for walls can be had, and these are at such a distance as to 
 render the expence of carriage to the spot nearly equal to the first 
 cost, this will certainly be the most frugal plan, and at the same time 
 produce to the Buildings nearly all the advantages of walls. If from 
 the sheltered situation of the Cottages the enclosure may be very slight, 
 they may be built with wood and covered with weather boarding, or 
 even with plaisler only on the outside, as this, if well done, will resist 
 the weather a considerable length of time. By this and various other 
 means Cottages may be built at a small expence by a person of 
 an active and intelligent mind, who could apply the resources a large 
 estate might furnish; but of whatever material they may be built it 
 is absolutely necessary that the colour should be of corresponding 
 modesty, otherwise the harmony of the scene will be broken, and the 
 characterisic effect entirely destroyed; for although we may, b}- habit, 
 be rendered familiar with a clear white and glaring red, yet the sen- 
 sations raised in the mind in viewing these objects are not of that 
 pleasing kind, as Buildings of a colour more congenial with the 
 verdure are found to excite. 
 
 This object may in all cases be obtained by colouring the Build- 
 ing with a wash made of good stone lime, in which a portion of wet 
 gravel is mixed, or if the Building is plastered and rough cast, mix 
 the pebbles with the lime without Avashing, and it will bring it to a 
 proper broken colour. 
 
 Care must be taken to select proper and healthy situations for 
 Cottages, such as the warm side of a hill, elevated ground on the side 
 of a road, or, if in a valley, on a small rising ground not too near the 
 south side, with the floor sufficiently raised above the earth; that 
 there may be a good cuiTent for the water to find its way off as it 
 drops from the eaves, or it will sap the foundations, and render the 
 dwelling altogether extremely damp and unhealth}-. 
 
8 
 
 It is really distressing to see some of these miserable hovels, 
 where the water drains in from every part, and the wretched in- 
 habitants live in an absolute puddle, and all this is undergone for the 
 sake of a trifling saving in the original erection, by not raising the 
 floor a few steps above the earth. 
 
 Cottases on the side of the road often become in the course of a 
 few years considerably lower than the ground about them, in conse- 
 quence of the road being raised by frequently laying materials thereon 
 for the purpose of repairing it. 
 
 Of the Cabdne Ornee — description of this Style of Building — no 
 Appearance of Art — Situation — Grounds and Plantations — 
 J filter. 
 
 The Calcine Ornee, or ornamented Cottage, is a building that owes 
 its oiigin to the taste of the present day, and though humble in its 
 appearance affords the necessary conveniences for persons of refined 
 manners and habits, and is, perhaps, more calculated than any other 
 description of building for the enjoyment of the true pleasures of do- 
 mestic life, unincumbered with the forms of slate and troublesome 
 appendages. 
 
 The leading feature of this style of building is to appear in every 
 respect a dwelling calculated for comfort and convenience, without 
 minute attention to the rules of art; every part having its uses appa- 
 rent, and this appearance not in any case sacrificed to regularity. 
 
9 
 
 The various decoralions emplo^-cd should not have the appear- 
 ance of ornament, unless calculated for the more complete enjoyment 
 of the edifice, and to display to greater advantage some of the beauties 
 of nature; as for instance, the veranda to shade the aspect from the 
 beams of .a south-west sun, or form a convenient ambulatory in the 
 wet seasons of the year; the trillis for the support of the shooting ten- 
 drils of the vine, or gay luxuriance of the Passion Flower; the porch 
 that covers the entrance, or protects a few choice plants from the in- 
 clemency of the weather; each door and window, and every other 
 part must appear conducive to this one end, namely, the comfort 
 and convenience of the inhabitants, not only in their individual con- 
 struction but general application, taking care to form the whole with 
 attention to the picturesque effect of broken lines, unequal heights, 
 and irregular distribution. l3ut this .interposition of art must not be 
 carried to too great a length, or be at all suffered to appear in such 
 a manner as to prevent the effect from being simple and natural. 
 
 Notwithstanding the taste that may be displayed in designing 
 an Edifice of this description, and the care that may be taken in 
 carrying that design into execution, 3'et the effect of the Avhole will in 
 a great measure depend upon the choice of the situation, and the 
 manner of laying out the grounds and disposing the plantations in 
 harmony with the Building. 
 
 In forming the grounds round a Building of this kind, as, on the 
 one hand, no straight lines or right angles must appear, except in 
 very few instances; so, neither, on the other hand, should the walks 
 be twisted into regular serpentine lines resembling a cork-screw more 
 than any natural or flowing figure, but all the lines must have those 
 gradual sweeps and gentle undulations which constitute Avhat is gene- 
 rally called the line of beauty. 
 
10 
 
 In disposing the ground and plantations, trees and shrubs must 
 not be planted indiscriminately without regard to the eflects they will 
 produce. Flowers and small shrubs will of course be placed in the 
 greatest numbers near the windows, and the principal part of the 
 foliage disposed in such masses round the extremity of the grounds as 
 to produce a variety of light and shade, with some trees of peculiar 
 forms interspersed, either insulated, or so intermixed with the masses, 
 as to form striking objects, and break any uniformity that might 
 otherwise occur. 
 
 To render the grounds retired and private, an object generally 
 desirable to this class of building, it may be necessary to plant nearly 
 the whole of the boundaries in the manner -of a belt, yet care must be 
 taken to prevent its having in general this eifect, and also to leave 
 openings in those places where the surrounding country furnishes 
 pleasing or interesting prospects ; these must not appear like glades 
 cut through a wood, but one mass must terminate properly, and suf- 
 ficient space to appear the effect of nature be left before another be- 
 gins, the whole so crossed and backed with other masses that the vista 
 may not appear, except at the point intended. 
 
 AVater, an essential feature in the beauty of a landscape, is equally 
 necessary to the completion of a Pleasure Ground, and, if a running 
 stream, it has a considerable advantage over standing water, inasmuch 
 as it may be conducted into the situations required, and will be al- 
 ways clear and free from the impurities that attend a stagnant pool. 
 Great care must be taken to form every thing within the same view 
 as the water, and on its banks with the greatest propriety, as the eye 
 will invariably be drawn thereto, and it will always form a principal 
 feature in the Landscape. 
 
11 
 
 The Grecian, or Jlornan Villas — variety in this Style — the best Style — 
 improprieties in the selection of our Models from the antique. 
 
 The Grecian or Roman Villa is a style of Building that ap- 
 proaches the nearest of any yet discussed to regular Architecture, 
 where, at the same time, we may be allowed that license which re- 
 gular structures will not admit, and while some liberties may be 
 taken with the established proportions of the architectural decora- 
 tions introduced in Buildings of this description, yet every part must 
 be uniform and perfectly symmetrical. 
 
 Perhaps there are more variations to be introduced into Buildings 
 of this class than into almost any other, either by raising the style 
 and decorations towards those fit for a regular Mansion, or depress- 
 ing them to a Building scarcely exceeding a Cottage in simplicity of 
 appearance, and only to be distinguished therefrom by the magni- 
 tude of the dimensions. 
 
 The best style of a Villa seems to be an appearance of regular 
 Architecture, after the best and choicest models, judiciously softened 
 down to the purposes of domestic life. 
 
 Not but a Villa may engage in the design of the Building itself, and 
 be decorated with the best productions of the several arts, and that 
 without an}'^ departure from consistency, if an elegant simplicity 
 reign throughout the Avhole, and the general forms and construction 
 be such, as plainly demonstrate at the first view, that nothing grand 
 and magnificent is attempted. 
 
n 
 
 JNIanv of the improprieties commilted in the application of the 
 Grecian and Roman Arciiilecture to the Habitations of this country, 
 are occasioned b}^ our not considering, that most of tlie remains of 
 the antient Buildings to which we look as examples, and from Avhich 
 our ideas are drawn, were Temples, whose construction was adapted 
 to the climates of those countries, and their decorations designed willi 
 that classic taste which the antients so eminently possessed ; these 
 ornaments of course related to the various rites and ceremonies cele- 
 brated therein. This being the case, how can these Edifices and 
 their ornaments be suitable to the domestic Buildings of this climate 
 without essential and radical variations ? 
 
 Indeed too man}^ misconceive the reasons that, for the perfection 
 of the arts of design, render il requisite for vas to trace them back to their 
 source, and for that purpose study the antique. It is not that we 
 may follow those who tirsl imitated nature, but that we may by that 
 means obtain original principles and ideas, and lliink in the same 
 manner as they did, who we find succeeded in giving that expression 
 to their Avorks which their nature demanded. 
 
 AVe are not only to use our taste and discrimination in selecting 
 models from the antique, but we must also call in the aid of our 
 judgment to apply the ideas Ave thereby obtain Avith the same pre- 
 cision as the antient Masters did theirs, and not as some of the 
 admirers of the remains of antiquity have done, Avhen they selected 
 for the models of their household furniture or domestic utensils, the 
 Sarcophagus of a Ptolomy, or the Sepulchral Urn that once contained 
 the ashes of a Caesar. 
 
13 
 
 Of Buildings of the antient English Character, usualh/ denominated 
 Gothic — want of Precepts on the Subject — Difficulties of forming 
 a true Taste therein — Hints for that purpose — Castles — Ahhies — 
 Houses in the antient Manner. 
 
 The Gothic style, as applied to Dwellings, is, perhaps, less understood 
 than any other description of Building, which may be in some degree 
 occasioned by the sliort time that has elapsed since the preference 
 for Buildings of this character has become in any degree general, to 
 Avhich may be added the uncertainty in which we are left, with re- 
 spect to precepts, upon the subject. Many examples, it is true, 
 remain, some fast mouldering into ruin, others in a good state of 
 presei-valion, but most, if not all, of these consist of Buildings ap- 
 propriated to the performance of religious worship. 
 
 This want of written rules has left every one at liberty to form 
 his taste by the existing examples according to his own judgment; 
 with respect to the propriety of the selection of the parts, and their 
 particular application to new Edifices. Thus Ave have heard of House 
 Gothic and Church Gothic, by which terras is meant a general divi- 
 sion of the subject; but general divisions are surely no more applica- 
 ble to this style of Architecture than to any other. 
 
 Others again have chiefly applied their attention tOAvards procur- 
 ing the best information of the dates of the Buildings which have 
 come within their observation, for the purpose of conectly ascer- 
 taining the era in which the several varieties of style have flourished. 
 
14 
 
 particularly if these Buildings have evidently been erected at several 
 difleient periods, and from facts thus collected have adopted ideas 
 Avithout much attention to their propriety or beauty. Thus every 
 man's taste has varied according to the extent of the view in which 
 he has considered the subject, or the degree of attention bestowed 
 Upon it influenced by his education, habits, and feelings. 
 
 The great difficulty that appears to operate against the acquiring 
 a time and accurate taste in this interesting branch of architectural 
 knowledge, seems to arise from our not clearly understanding in the 
 first instance the premises of our inquiry, before we refer to the ex- 
 amples, which should be principally used to illustrate our ideas. 
 
 I take it for granted that we are in the pursuit of a style of Archi- 
 tecture to be applied in the erection of a comfortable Dwelling, and 
 at the same time calculated to harmonise Avith the beauties of pic- 
 turesque scenery. The structure in itself to be either simple, mag- 
 nificent, or bold, according to the situation for which it is designed, 
 and the property, influence, and rank of the proprietor, and in- 
 tended to represent either a proud baronial Castle, built some cen- 
 turies ago, to display all the 
 
 " Pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war," 
 
 the stately remains of a magnificent Abbey, or the simple and un- 
 adorned appearance of an old English Mansion. 
 
 This being premised, if the Edifice is desired to appear as if 
 erected in the " days of old," for the residence of some powerful 
 Chieftain, on the extensive domain of a noble fiunily, and built for 
 defence in war, as well as the purposes of civil life, the castellated 
 ern'oattled style, with bold forms and massive towers, should in this 
 instance certainly be used, and, if the situation will allow, a Terrace 
 
15 
 
 and Rampart, must, in some vie^vs, form a principal feature in the 
 composition. 
 
 An attention to dates in the Architecture of this species of Build- 
 ing is highly requisite; some parts may appear of the greatest anti- 
 quity, such as the part usually denominated the Keep or Dungeon 
 Tower, the Gate-House, the great Hall, or the Grand Staircase and 
 Tower in which it is contained ; the other parts may be of several 
 dates, if so constructed that the latest may appear as additions to 
 those of an earlier age; while the most modern may entirely lose sight 
 of the defensive style. A certain and distinct part may be of the rich 
 tracery style, if built for a particular purpose, such as the Chapel, or 
 a Gallery, with oriels in appropriate situations. This gallery may be 
 fitted up as a library, and will be then in character, provided it is 
 so placed as evidently to appear added to the original Building at 
 the period to which the Architecture belongs. 
 
 It must be here observed, that an Edifice of this description could 
 not with great propriety be erected in any other situation than what 
 would have been considered eligible in a military point of view, ac- 
 cprding to the tactique of those days, which it should be remembered 
 differed materially from those now practised, as tlie art of war has 
 undergone a total change since the invention of gunpowder and 
 artillery. 
 
 If from the name of the place, the character of the scenery, the 
 tradition of such a Building having been once upon the spot, or 
 from any other cause, a iVIansion in the style of an Abbey is required, 
 we must first consider that these Edifices were originally erected for 
 peculiar religious purposes, and afterwards converted into IMansicns. 
 This chiefly took place in the reign of Henry the Eighth, when those 
 
16 
 
 rclio-ious insliludons were dissolved, and their Houses, and Revenues, 
 disposed of, by that capricious and arbitrary Monarcli. 
 
 It was requisite that these Structures should, in the original Build- 
 ino- be constructed with three distinct views. 
 
 First, The security of the inhabitants from too easy communica- 
 tion Avith those without the walls; they would, therefore, externally 
 partake of the secluded or defensive style. 
 
 Secondhj, They v;ere appropriated for the residence of a con- 
 siderable number of persons ; the Building must, therefore, contain 
 extensive domestic accommodation. 
 
 And, thirdli/, A principal part of the structure was devoted to the 
 exercise of religious worship, which Avas therein conducted Avith all 
 the pomp and solemnity, calculated to impress the minds of the un- 
 happy victims of a misguided zeal, Avho AA'ith 
 
 " due feet never fail 
 
 To walk the studious cloysteis pale. 
 And love the high embowed roof. 
 With antic pillars massive proof. 
 And storied windows richly dight. 
 Casting a dim religious light." 
 
 These observations shcAV, that an Abbey Avas, Avith very slight 
 alterations, at once, fit for the residence of a noble family, and is 
 noAv, perhaps, more appropriate for that purpose, than any other 
 Building of the antient character, if constructed Avith all the advan- 
 tages that may be derived from the taste, and various discoveries and 
 improvements of modern times» 
 
17 
 
 In the middle ages of Christianity, when the Arts and Sciences 
 lay buried amidst the ruins spread over Europe by the deluge of Bar- 
 barians that subverted the empire of the Western World, the study and 
 practice of Archi lecture as a Science, during those times of igno- 
 rance and superstition, was chiefl}"^ confined to the Religious Orders, 
 whose monastic institutions were then the only depositories of learn- 
 ing. Some of the members of these orders, devoted to a life of 
 retirement, made this among other walks of science their recreation, 
 when disengaged from the exercises of devotion. Some gratified with 
 the pleasing sensations this delightful Art conveys to the mind, made 
 it their particular study, and under their immediate direction, many 
 of those truly grand and sublime Structures were erected, which now 
 constitute objects of interest and admiration to the man of taste, and 
 engage the minute attention of the antiquarian. 
 
 As the Grecian and Roman models were then disregarded, and 
 the style of these religious Edifices the taste of those days, most of 
 the private Buildings of the countries wherein they were situated, 
 partook in some degree of the same manner, from the largest Baro- 
 nial Castles, and the Habitations of those of inferior rank, down 
 to the Dwellings of their Tenants and Vassals. The smallest of the 
 latter of course were only Cottages, built by uninformed workmen, 
 in the simplest manner, of materials the most easy to be procured on 
 the spot Avhereon they were erected. 
 
 From these circumstances it is presumed arose that style which 
 characterises the early INIansions and Dwellings of this country, which 
 length of time has attached to the soil, and given a prescriptive right 
 to form a striking feature in the natural and picturesque scenery of 
 an English Landscape. This being the case, it is surely worthy of a 
 wreat and powerful people to cultivate a style of Building formed in 
 their own country, and peculiarly adapted to their genius and cli- 
 
 D 
 
18 
 
 mate; more particularly at this epoclia in the political state of 
 Europe, where every thing that bears the stamp of time, and autho- 
 rity of antient usage, must acquire additional value, and be in the 
 highest degree interesting. 
 
 Of Scenery and Situation. 
 
 One material circumstance to be attended to in the erection of 
 a Dwelling, of whatever description, is the style and character of 
 the situation and surrounding scenery, which must be generally 
 considered, that the building and country around it may in some 
 measure accord, or at least not materially ditier from each other. 
 This kind of consideration is of course intended to follow that which 
 is far more requisite, namely, whether the spot fixed upon for the 
 scite of the intended Building is at alt eligible for that purpose, with 
 respect to aspect and elevation, the convenience of access, the pro- 
 curing good Avater by easy means, and the capability of being com- 
 pletely drained. These and various other circumstances of less im- 
 portance, yet equally necessary to render a House complete and its 
 situation desirable, is supposed to have been first duly weighed. 
 
 In pursuance of our subject therefore it must be observed, that an 
 unadorned regular House is suited for a plain open country, a mag- 
 nificent Mansion for a country abounding with vegetation, and richly 
 clothed with majestic Avoods, a modest and retired Cottage is well 
 disposed in a luxuriant valley, while in bold and romantic situations 
 tlie greatest license may be given to the imagination whether, in de- 
 
19 
 
 signing a Dwelling in the rural manner of a Cahune Onice, or in the 
 picturesque style of a magnificent Abbey. Indeed some degree of 
 attention to the character of situation is absolutely necessary, lest it 
 should occasion very unpleasant sensations to the spectator; for when 
 the mind is filled, and the imagination raised by the sublime and 
 picturesque grandeur of the scene, how tame and insipid does a 
 formal inelegant Building appear whereby the harmony of the whole 
 is completely broke. That Architect must have very little taste, judg- 
 ment, or feeling, that could contemplate such scenes, and then sit 
 down and compose a Design without the elegant simplicity pro- 
 per in one case, or the picturesque magnificence necessary in the 
 other. Too many glaring instances of impropriety of situation are to 
 be met with in the environs of the metropolis; in one place among 
 regular Buildings near the suburbs, Ave are surprised by the appear- 
 ance of a thatched Cottage with trunks of trees instead of columns ; 
 in another case, we see a row of expensive and elegant Houses ad- 
 joining each other like one side of a street, in a rural situation among 
 groves and meadows, ten miles from town, and a considerable dis- 
 tance from every other Building, the Gardens of the Houses of course 
 are contiguous to each other, and every window of each House com- 
 mands the whole; these are the Habitations of those that seek the 
 country for ease and retirement. It is not, however, these gross im- 
 proprieties to which my observations particularly allude, as I suppose 
 them too evident for any one of the least penetration to fall into; but 
 the idea I wish to express is, that the style of Architecture adopted 
 for the House, and the decorations employed therein, should bear an 
 affinity to the character of the situation. 
 
20 
 
 On the Execution of Buildings in general — Consistency to he observed 
 — Difference of the Qualities of Materials — Proportionate Quan- 
 tities — Disadvantage of Money injudiciously expended. 
 
 We must now leave the pleasant paths in the study of this art in 
 which they delight to rove who are acquainted with it only theoreti- 
 cally; and turn our attention to those which the man of business in 
 the practice of the Art knows to be of equal if not superior im- 
 portance. 
 
 The first observation that presents itself is, that every part of the 
 Structure, and every description of Material used through the whole 
 detail of its parts, shoidd be perfectly correspondent with the descrip- 
 tion of the Building, and those that are to inhabit it; that no one 
 part may be too mean or too rich for the rest. In the first place an 
 air of poverty will be cast over the whole, and, in the second, the 
 expence will appear unnecessary, and therefore misplaced. Instances 
 of this kind of mismanagement frequently occur, one in particular 
 came within my own observation in the erection of a Countrj' Resi- 
 dence, the expence whereof, from the size, should not have exceeded 
 Seven Hundred Pounds, and intended to have been built by the Pro- 
 prietor in the most economical manner, where his workman put up a 
 Staircase of a description fit for a Mansion, that would have cost as 
 many Thousands as this Cottage should Hundreds. This Staircase 
 certainly was not upon so large a scale, for it was so badly contrived, 
 and in so confined a corner, that it was impossible for a person of 
 moderate height either to ascend or descend, without considerable 
 danger to his head from a principal timber of the Building that 
 lay across. 
 
21 
 
 A greater quantity of Materials than arc requisite for the strengtii 
 of the Building is sometimes introduced, and that in such situations 
 as to become only dead weights, and of Avorse consequence than be- 
 ing merely useless. A great difference in the value arises from the 
 variations of the qualities of materials, not only in themselves but 
 with respect to the purposes to which they are adapted. In many 
 instances those that bear the same appearance in the eye of the casual 
 or uninformed observer, may be of less value by one-fourth part than 
 others of the same description that are sound and good: in some cases 
 the ditference in value between good and bad, or unseasoned mate- 
 rials, is greater even in themselves, and this difference becomes far 
 more considerable Avhen they are worked into the construction of the 
 Building, when the giving way of one defective piece of timber, or 
 the crushing of a few bad bricks, may bring unequal pressures not 
 provided for upon the piers and quoins, and produce the greatest mis- 
 chief to the whole Edifice. 
 
 Another most material thing to be attended to in the construction 
 of any Building, and particularly by those proprietors who only em- 
 ploy workmen, is to see that a proper proportion of each description 
 of works is introduced, according to the purpose for which the Build- 
 ing is intended; for as each workman has only to attend to his own 
 business, without any regard to the well ordering of the whole, it is 
 natural to suppose he will endeavour to push in as much as possible 
 of his own particular branch, and of such parts of that branch as, 
 according to the usual prices, he will get the most profit by ; thus a 
 proprietor is often run into very great and unnecessary expence, with- 
 out being aware of his error, until he is made sensible of it by the 
 amount of his workmen's bills. More particularly is this manner of 
 proceeding mistaken, if the proprietor should ever wish to part with 
 his property; for it is not the quantity of materials used in a Build- 
 ing, but the judicious manner in which they are disposed that stamps 
 
22 
 
 a value upon it, which one of a different cast does not possess, 
 ahhough ihe original cost may have been the same. Man}' instances 
 of this culpable neglect or want of skill are to be found, one in par- 
 ticular I recollect, where a Dwehing House was allowed b}-^ every one 
 to be worth, and did in the event produce, two-thirds more than an- 
 other in a similar situation, built under the same circumstances, and 
 upon which the same sum of money had been expended. How can 
 we account for this upon any general grounds? unless we credit those 
 who considered the first as constructed Avith judicious arrangement 
 and tastefully executed, and the other as done in a common inele- 
 gant manner. 
 
 Of the Causes of the Dry Rot — Soil —Timbers— Confined Vapour- 
 Different Appearances. — More frequent in new than old Build- 
 ings. 
 
 By the Dry Rot is to be understood the premature decay arising from 
 some destructive poAver, Avhich is particularly fitted to draw out the 
 strength of timber much sooner than it would perish in the ordinary 
 course of nature. A point of the utmost importance to be properly 
 attended to in the erection of any Building is the prevention of this 
 alarming, because insidious enemy to every kind of Edifice where 
 it once enters, of Avhich there are three immediate causes, the soil 
 upon which the Building is erected, the using bad and unsound 
 materials, and the Avant of proper precautions for introducing fresh 
 air into damp situations, particularly round timbers. 
 
23 
 
 We will first enquire a liltlc into what may be considered as the 
 origin of the vegetable Dry Rot: from the best and closest con- 
 sideration I have been able to give the subject, whether in discussing 
 the question as a matter of natural philosophy, or in examining every 
 specimen that has come within my observation, I am led to think it 
 proceeds from the germs of vegetation as contained in water, joined 
 to the elemental fire or oxygen of the air, and fertilized by heat into 
 innumerable living plants, that draw sustenance from the fluids con- 
 tained in the texture of the timber, of which when it is deprived 
 nothing but the earthy particles remain, and a small quantity of fixed 
 air, which upon its being exposed to the action of the atmosphere is 
 carried off" and the timber entirely decomposed; what strengthens 
 this opinion is, that three things are necessary to produce the rot, 
 namely, confined air, damp and condensed vapours, and warmth; for 
 if either of these is Avanting the rot is not produced. 
 
 When the Dry Rot proceeds from the soil the substratum is gene- 
 rally found to be a stiff" clay, and in a situation where the water can- 
 not drain off", by this strata having a dip or inclination; it of course 
 remains above it until it is evaporated through the mould and diff"used 
 in the air, or oozes through cracks into such natural cavities as may 
 be found in the mass. From that mass being again raised through the 
 same fissures by the power of heat, and unable to expand by the 
 atmosphere, but condensed by the Buildings above it, vegetation 
 commences, which in some instances consists of funguses with large 
 expansive leaves, and in others of a stem of nearly the same nature, 
 rising many feet in height, and finding its way through the cavities 
 of the walls, which are often split and destroyed thereby. 
 
 When this formidable enemy proceeds from the materials, it is in 
 the timber generally that its effects are to be dreaded, when used 
 green and unseasoned, as it then contains within itself the seeds of its 
 
24 
 
 own destruction in the moisture and sap that fills the fine capillary 
 tubes, this sap still retaining sufficient power to vegetate in the weak 
 medium of a warm stagnated air, which it of course finds in the 
 confined situations wherein timbers are generally placed. 
 
 This particle of life or vegetation, which the timber still retains, 
 would be completely overpowered and carried off by the free action 
 of the external air, unless the capillary tubes were recruited by fresh 
 supplies of nourishment by means of the roots and leaves of the ori- 
 ginal tree. 
 
 This accounts for the origin of the third immediate cause, Avhich 
 is in some degree a combination of the two former, for the vapour 
 exhaled from the earth being confined and thereby condensed by the 
 Building, the warmth necessary to produce this exhalation, also, 
 generates the vegetation, which immediately fastens upon the timbers, 
 as they contain the most moisture, and that in a fitter state to feed 
 the vegetation, which it does with its vital strength. Timber, indeed, 
 so placed will itself produce the rot much sooner than it would other- 
 wise appear upon the bricks and stones that compose a Building, 
 which as they contain less moisture than timber, are less capable of 
 propagating this destructive evil: this also accounts for stone being 
 more subject to the rot than bricks, which having passed through the 
 fire, approach towards either a vitrified or calcined state. 
 
 When the dry rot proceeds from the timber, it generally makes its 
 appearance upon its surface^ like a web or film, and in some cases it 
 pervades the Avhole substance without at all altering its external 
 appearance even to the eye of the most critical judge. When it pro- 
 ceeds from stagnated vapours it often appears in the form of cob- 
 webs, hanging in various and fantastic shapes, through the whole 
 space, but more particularly from the summit, from which it will be 
 
25 
 
 pendant in forms terminating in a point, at which point a drop of 
 moisture will be found. 
 
 One circumstance which materially tends to strengthen my opi- 
 nion of the cause of the Dry Rot is, that it more frequently makes 
 its appearance in Buildings of a modern date than in those built a 
 century ago: this I attribute to the use not only of improper but of 
 raw and unsound materials, rather than to inattention or want of skill 
 in the constructive parts of the Building. Jn proof of this assertion, 
 we have only to recollect how often we have seen materials brought 
 for the purpose of Building in which the moisture has followed the 
 tools of the workmen employed in converting it. When these impro- 
 prieties are practised, which is too often the case, where the work is 
 required to be expeditiously done, who can wonder at our Buildings 
 being affected with Dry Rot, particularly if care is not taken to pro- 
 mote the circulation of a sufficient supply of fresh air round the 
 timbers to evaporate and carry off the redundant moisture, as it is 
 gradually extracted therefrom by the warmth of the House. 
 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 
 
 PLATE I. 
 
 Is a design for an ornamental Dairy, intended to combine the do- 
 mestic uses of a Building of this description, with the pleasing grati- 
 fications to be derived from it in the Summer season. 
 
 This building is supposed to be placed on the North side of a 
 Grove or Thicket, at a convenient distance from the House, and so 
 situated as to be viewed from the South Windows. In the heat of a 
 burning Summer so cooling, and refreshing an appendage, will, 
 undoubtedly, be an agreeable object, when 
 
 'Tis raging noon, and vertical, the sun 
 Darts on the head direct his forceftil rays ; 
 O'er heaven and earth, far as the raging eye 
 Can sweep, a dazzling deluge reigns, and all 
 From pole to pole is undistiuguish'd blaze. 
 
 This should be built of brick, and rough cast or stuccoed, and 
 covered with Thatch; if the situation is eligible an Ice House may be 
 made under it. 
 
 PLATE IL 
 
 A Cottage of the smallest description for the habitation of a 
 family; it contains a Living Room, and small Wash House, and one 
 Sleeping Room above stairs. This may be built of any of the mate- 
 rials described in the preceding observations. I think it a good rule 
 
27 
 
 not to let the entrance door open into the living room of any Cottaoe, 
 however small, Avithout some kind of skreen or porch, as it nmst 
 require a large quantity of fuel to keep a room warm that connects 
 immediately with the external air. 
 
 PLATE III. 
 
 Is a Cottage of nearly the same description as the former, but 
 varying in appearance: it contains on the ground, a Living Room 
 and Wash-house, with two Sleeping Rooms above, each room having 
 a Chimney. This Cottage makes a picturesque object, it would be 
 well situated at the entrance gate of a wood. 
 
 PLATE IV. 
 
 A design for a double Cottage, each dwelling of nearly the same 
 size and description as the last. 
 
 PLATE V. 
 
 Is a design for a Woodman's Cottage, containing two separate 
 dwellings, each with a Living Room, Closet, and two small Sleeping 
 Rooms. This Building is designed to form an interesting object in 
 the Scenery, and supposed to be placed on the summit of'^an abrupt 
 brow, or other appropriate situation in a hanging wood, where it may 
 be so dry as to render a Sleeping Room on the ground floor not pre- 
 judicial to health. If erected near a drive in the wood, and from its 
 elevated situation commanding a prospect, it might be made to bear 
 the appearance of an Hermitage, and have part of the interior fitted 
 up accordingly, still leaving sufficient room for the residence of a 
 Peasant and family. 
 
28 
 
 PLATE VI. 
 
 Is a design for a double Cottage, each containing a Living Room, 
 and Washhouse, wilh two Sleeping Rooms above; one Dwelling has 
 a place on the ground for an extra bed. 
 
 This Cottage would be well placed on a small green between the 
 road^ and the boundary of the Park, where it would be backed by 
 the Grounds, while near it — 
 
 A slender tuft of useful ash. 
 
 And mingled beech and elm, securely lall, 
 
 The little smiling Cottage warm emtxiwer. 
 
 PLATE VIL 
 
 Is a design for a double Cottage, of an irregular and picturesque 
 form, each Dwelling contains a Living Room, Bakehouse, and light 
 Closet or Bed-place on the ground, with two Sleeping Rooms above. 
 This Cottage having two fronts, is calculated for an insular situation, 
 within the boundary of the grounds to which it may belong. 
 
 PLATE Vm. 
 
 An Edifice calculated for a situation where a Building may be 
 required as an object in Scenery. The plan given with it forms it 
 into a double Cottage, each with a Living Room and light Closet 
 on the ground, with a larger and smaller Bed Room above. If 
 designei for one habitation only, it might make a suitable re- 
 sidence for a Steward, and Avould then contain a Living Room, 
 best Room, and Othce on the ground tloor, and three good Cham- 
 bers above. 
 
29 
 
 PLATE IX. 
 
 Is a design for a double Cottaoe each containing accomnioda- 
 tions superior to those of the preceding designs. From the regularity 
 of the construction of this Building, it would be appropriately situated 
 either within the limits of, or adjoining to, an ornamental Garden, as 
 suitable Dwellings for the principal Gardeners. 
 
 PLATE X. 
 
 Is a design for a picturesque residence, suited for a Game-keeper, 
 a Bailiff, or Land Steward; it contains on the ground floor a Living 
 Room, Office, Kitchen, Cellar, and Pantry, with two good sized 
 Sleeping Rooms above. 
 
 PLATE XL 
 
 Is a design for a small genteel Cottage, containing on the ground 
 floor, two octangular Living Rooms, Kitchen, Washhouse, and other 
 domestic conveniences : it is built of brick, and rough cast, and the 
 roof covered with slates. 
 
 PLATES XIL & XIIL 
 
 Is a design for a Cabdne Ornee, or ornamented Cottage; it con- 
 tains on the ground floor a Morning Parlour, and Dining Room, with 
 a small Conservatory adjoining the latter; also a Kitchen, Wash- 
 house, .Sec. and on the Chamber Floor, four Sleeping Rooms. From 
 the size and accommodations of this Building, if built in an appro- 
 priate situation, it would make a desirable retreat for those who love 
 
 " The coo), the fragrant, and tlie silent hour 
 To meditation due." 
 
 or if built in a sporting country it would make a good Shooting Box : 
 in that case the Conservatory may be unnecessary. 
 
30 
 
 The window placed over the tire place in the Morning Parlour, 
 is, perhaps, more curious than useful, unless some particular view is 
 wanted, as was the case in the situation for which this desian w'as 
 made. It would, 1 think, be agreeable if Looking Glasses were fixed 
 in the jambs on the shutters, which might be made to shut inwards, 
 flush with the line of the inside finishing, and not against the sash : 
 one might then be able in the day time to view the country, while en- 
 joying the warmth of the fiie, and at night the shutter would form a 
 handsome Mirror over the Chimney Piece. 
 
 PLATES XIV. & XV. 
 
 Is a design for a small neat Cottage, approaching to the style of 
 a Villa, and fit for the retreat of a Merchant, within a few miles of 
 the Metropolis, or the environs of any great Town. It contains upon 
 the ground floor a Parlour and Eating Room, Kitchen, and other 
 requisite conveniencies, and five Bed Rooms on the Chamber Floor, 
 w ith Dressing Rooms attached to the largest. 
 
 PLATES XVL & XVIL 
 
 Is a design for an ornamented Farm House. I am aware that 
 llie term Fenne Ornh has been condemned as a contradiction, in a 
 lale publication by an eminent Landscape Garden t, celebrated for 
 taste and skill in his own profession; but with all due deference to 
 his opinion, as far as that is concerned, in this instance 1 beg leave 
 lo dirter from him, my reasons for which will be seen in the descrip- 
 tion of this design. 
 
 It is composed for the residence of a Gentleman of an inde- 
 pendant fortune in landed j^roperty, wishing to farm a portion of his 
 own estate: in conset[uence of this desire the Dwelling House must 
 of course be placed in a convenient situation near the Homestead; 
 but as the elegance of a Villa would ill acCord with the necessary Out 
 
31 
 
 Buildings and economy of a Farm, and a Cottage would be equally 
 unfit from its size, I have made this design wilh a view of combining 
 a rural and dressed appearance, with the manner of a regular resi- 
 dence, and I think no man of taste will object, that the hand of art 
 would be improperly applied, in decorating the Gardens, " level 
 lawn," and Grounds, immediately adjoining the House, b}' collecting 
 together and improving the beauties of nature while around it 
 
 " Trees unnumber'd rise. 
 Beautiful in various dyes; 
 The gloomy pine, the poplar blue. 
 The yellow beech, the sable yew, 
 The slender fir, that taper gro%^s, 
 The sturdy oak, with broad spread bough';. 
 And beyond the purple grove. 
 Haunt of Phyllis, queen of love ! ' ' 
 
 The planter of course will place the Trees of the most dressed ap- 
 pearance nearest the front of the House ; these will be softened oft' by 
 the others, and blended into the general masses of the foliage, which 
 may be chietly adapted to " divide the enclosures of the Farm by 
 rows of copse Avood and timber, fi'om ten to twenty yards wide, as is 
 usual in Hampshire; and, indeed, in the neighbourhood of most 
 forests." 
 
 This Building contains a Living Room and a best Room, with a 
 Room for business, for the exclusive use of the proprietor, Kitchen, 
 Washhouse, Dairy, Sec. on the Gi'ound Floor, and five Bed Rooms 
 on the Chamber Floor. Windows may be opened in the best Rooms, 
 under the covering for the flowers, if required. 
 
 PLATES XVHI. & XIX. 
 
 Is a design for a Villa in the ancient English character; it con- 
 tains on tlie Ground Floor an Eating Room, Drawing Room, and a 
 
32 
 
 Study or Library, Avith a Conservatory attached; also Hall, Kitchen. 
 &c. and six Sleeping Rooms on the Chamber Floor. The DraAving 
 Room, Library, and Conservator}^ communicate with each otlier. 
 From the size and style of this design, it would form a convenient 
 and characteristic dwelling for a Clergyman. Tliis Building requires 
 to be finished with Stucco, which is by far the best for buildings of 
 this style, as it unites economy with as handsome an appearance as 
 stone. I speak here of the Roman Cement or Stucco. 
 
 PLATES XX. & XXI. 
 
 Is a design of a Villa, which contains on the Ground Floor, an 
 Ealinir Room, Drawing Room, and Breakfast Room, with all the 
 requisite domestic conveniences, consisting of China Closet, Butler's 
 Pantry, Wine and 15eer Cellars, Kitchen, Pantry, Scullery, Coal 
 Cellar, Washhouse, and Laundry, together with seven Bed Chambers 
 in the House, and a Sleeping Room for the Coachman over the 
 Stables, which with the Coach House is attached to the e.\tremity of 
 the offices. The external of this House is washed with Stone Lime, 
 broken to a good tone, and the roof is covered with Slates. In all 
 places where the water drops from the eaves, the grass is laid close to 
 the House, with a brick drain, four inches wide, laid dry, just below 
 the turf, and immediately where the water drops; at each angle the 
 drain runs oft' a few feet from the House, and conveys the water into 
 small cespools, about nine inches square and two feet deep, where it 
 oozes away into the gravel ; by this cheap and simple management 
 the walls are preserved from splashes, and the water which drips 
 from the eaves imn)ediately sinks through the turf, and is carried 
 off" without affecting the foundations. In composing this design, the 
 attention was chiefly directed to procure the required accommoda- 
 tions in an economical manner, uniting propriety with convenience, 
 and it will be seen on examining the plan, that although the offices 
 
33 
 
 are attached to the House, their communication with the apartments 
 of the family is entirely shut off by one door, excepting that which 
 leads to the China Closet. 
 
 PLATE XXII. & XXIII. 
 
 Are plans and perspective Elevations for a Cabdne OmSe, con- 
 taining, on the Ground Floor, Living Room, Dining Room, and 
 Drawing Room, connecting with a conservatory; also Kitchen, Store 
 Room, &c. on the Chamber Floor four best bed Rooms, and two 
 Dressing Rooms, with two Servants' Chambers. This design is of 
 rather an undetermined style, it originated in one intended* for my 
 own residence, and would, I think, make a desirable Dwelling, equally 
 comfortable either in the Winter Season, or when, 
 
 "■ Half in a blush of clustering roses lost. 
 Dew-dropping coolness to the shade retires. 
 There on the verdant turf or flowery bed. 
 By gelid founts and careless rills to muse." 
 
 PLATES XXIV. & XXV. 
 
 Is a design in the antient English style, adapted for a Mansion 
 or Manor House; it contains on the Ground Floor an Eating Room, 
 Drawing Room, Library, and Dressing Room, with an antient Hall 
 and Staircase; such Offices as may be requisite to be attached at the 
 back, as shewn. There are four best Bed Rooms and Dressing 
 Rooms, and two Bed Rooms for single Men on the Chamber Floor"; 
 the Servants' Sleeping Room may be either constructed in the roof^ 
 or over the Offices. 
 
 It is unnecessary here to repeat what has been so often said con- 
 cerning the propriety of adopting the antient English style in Build- 
 
34 
 
 incs, to which family estates and hereditary honours are attached : 
 but if in any case the good taste of a Proprietor is shewn, a Manor 
 House is surely a fit subject to display it, whence his title and pro- 
 perty originate. 
 
 PLATES XXVI. & XXVII. 
 
 Is a design for a Villa of Grecian Architecture, containing on the 
 Ground Floor a Dining Room, and a Drawing llooni, to which is 
 attached a Boudoir; on the other side the entrance Vestibule, a Justice 
 Room, or Room of Business for the gentleman. At the back of the 
 House, corresponding with these Rooms in the side facade, are a 
 Housekeeper's Room, and Buder's Pantry; the further requisite 
 Offices may be added where shewn, according to the situation of the 
 House, and the style of living of the occupier. On the Chamber 
 Floor are six best Bed Chambers. 
 
 This House should be built either of white bricks, stone, or 
 
 stuccoed. 
 
 PLATES XXVm. & XXIX. 
 
 Is a design for a Villa, something in the Italian manner; it con- 
 tains a Drawing Room, Dining Room, Breakfast Parlour, and Dres- 
 sing Room on the principal floor, and tive Chambers and Dressing 
 Rooms on the floor above. This Edifice is placed on a Terrace, 
 which may be so managed in the entrance front as to permit a Car- 
 riage to draAV up close to the portico, either by artificial arrangement 
 of the levels of the ground, or by taking advantage of the natural decli- 
 vities. The Offices may be formed in the Basement, and the Cellars 
 under the Terrace ; in this case the plan will require a little alteration, 
 being adapted for Offices to be attached, where denoted in the plan. 
 Servants Sleeping Rooms must then be constructed in the Roof. 
 This should be built either with stone, or stuccoed to represent it. 
 
35 
 
 PLATES XXX. & XXXI. 
 
 Are plans and perspective Elevations of a Mansion in the Castle 
 Style, adapted for a bold and romantic situation. It contains upon 
 the principal floor, Dining Room and Drawing Room, with Anti 
 Room connecting the two; Library, Billiard Room, and Dressing 
 Room, with a grand antient Hall and Staircase of large dimensions. 
 Indeed the size of the Building, and the number of Rooms it is cal- 
 culated to contain, would render it a fit Residence for a nobleman of 
 the first distinction. Private Staircases are proposed to be within 
 the angular Towers, for the purpose of more easy and immediate 
 communication between the several tioors. The Offices are proposed 
 to be placed in the Basement Story. This Edifice may be built of 
 various materials, in different parts of the Building, but they must be 
 such as were generally used in antient Edifices, or at least the walls 
 must externally have that appearance. 
 
 PLATES XXXIL & XXXIIL 
 
 Is a design for uniting, within a convenient distance of each 
 other, the various Building requisite for the uses of a Hunting Esta- 
 blishment : 
 
 " First let the kennel be the Huntsman's care. 
 Upon some little eminence erect, 
 And fronting to the ruddy dawn, its courts 
 On either hand wide opening to receive 
 The Sun's all cheering beams, when mild he shines. 
 
 And gilds the mountain tops 
 
 Water and shade no less demand thy care. 
 In a large square the adjacent field enclose ; 
 There plant in equal rows the spreading elm, 
 Or fragrant lime ; most happy thy design. 
 If at the bottom of thy spacious court 
 A large canal, fed by the crj'stal brook. 
 From its transparent bosom shall reflect 
 Thy downward Structure and inverted grove." 
 
36 
 
 The intention of this design is to shew how in the necessary Build- 
 ings on a large estate, picturesque beauty may be joined to utility 
 for the same expence as would be incurred without attending therelo. 
 As the Kennel must of course be placed at a distance from the House 
 not to disturb the family, I have arranged the whole so as to give 
 the idea of a Village, which, in many situations, will become an ob- 
 ject both pleasing and picturesque; it consists of 
 
 A. Huntsman's House. 
 
 B. Hunting Stable, with Standing for five Horses, and Saddle 
 
 Room and Sick Stable adjoining. 
 
 C. Cistern. 
 
 D. Dwellings for the Whipper-in. 
 
 E. Boilincr House. 
 
 F. Dog Kennel, with proper Feeding and Sleeping Rooms. 
 
 The size of this Plate is too small to convey any correct idea of 
 the effect of this design. I have a Drawing of a much larger size, 
 which explains it more fully, at my Office, which any Gentleman is 
 at liberty to inspect who may wish for further satisfaction. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 T Bensky, Printer, 
 Volt Court,. Fleet Street, London. 
 
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 or 
 
 MODERN BOOKS 
 
 ON 
 
 ARCHITECTU 
 
 THEORETICALy PRACTICAL, ^^D ORNAMENTAL,- 
 
 CONSISTING OF 
 BOOKS OF PLANS AND ELEVATIONS FOR COTTAGES, FARM-HOUSES, MANSIONS, 
 
 TEMPLES, BRIDGES, &c. 
 OF ORNAMENTS FOR INTERNAL DECORATIONS, FOLIAGE FOR CARVERS, &c. 
 
 ON PERSPECTIVE; ALSO 
 PRACTICAL BOOKS FOR CARPENTERS, BRICKLAYERS, AND WORKMEN IN GENERAL, 
 
 WHICH, WITH THE BEST ANCIENT AUTHORS, ARE CONSTANTLY ON SALE AT 
 
 J. TAYLOR'S 
 
 ARCHITECTURAL LIBRARY, No. 59, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON. 
 
 WHERE MAY BE HAD' 
 
 THE WORKS OF THE MOST CELEBRATED FRENCH ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS. 
 
 THE Antiquitm of Athens; measured and delineated, by Jama 
 Stuart, F. R. S. and F. S. A. and Nicholas Rcvetl, Painters 
 and Architects, in four large Volumes Folio, Price 25/. 4/. in 
 boards. — This IVork contains 384 Plates, engra-ved by the best Artists, 
 of Vieius, Architecture, Plans, &c. ijuith Letter-press, Historical and 
 Descripti've, illustrating by a Research of many Years' Labour and 
 great Expense, the purest Examples of Grecian Architecture, many 
 of ivhich no longer exist, and the Traces of them can be found only in 
 this IVork. 
 
 Contents of the Work. 
 Doric Portico at Athens, Ionic Temple on the llissus. Octagon Toiver of 
 Andronicus Cyrrestes, Lanthorn of Demosthenes, Stoa, or Portico at 
 Athens: And a large Vieiu oj the Acropolis. Temple of Minerva, 
 Temple of Erectheus, Theatre of Bacchus, Choragic Monument 0/ 
 Tirasyllus, &c. Propylea: And a large Fi£'w, and a Plan of the 
 Acropolis. Temple of Theseus, Temple of Jupiter, Arch of Theseus, 
 Aqueduct of Hadrian, Monument of Phtlopuppus, Temple of Corinth, 
 Bridge of the llissus. Odeum of Regilla, Ruins at Salonica, Antiquities 
 on the Island of Delos, &c, — /llso a large Map of Greece — Map of 
 Attica— Plan oj Athens, Csfc. 
 
 The Fourth Vol. which is just Published, contains all the re- 
 maining Sculpture of the Temple of Minerva at Athens, 
 with sundry Fragments found in the Greek Islands: also 
 the entire Details of the Antiquities at Pola, in Islria, from 
 the Drawinf^s left by Mr. Stuart. Engraved on 103 Plates, 
 imperial folio, 7l- 7s. Boards. 
 
 The Third Volume may be had separate, to complete Sets. Price 
 6/. lis. iit boards. 
 
 jin Essay on the Doric Order of Architecture, containing an historical 
 View of its Rise and Progress among the Ancients, with a Critical 
 Investigation of its Principles of Composition and Adaptation to Mo- 
 dem U^Ct illustrated by Figures from the principal Antique Ex- 
 
 amples, drawn to one Scale, on 7 Plates, by E. Aihin, Architect, 
 large Folio, i/. 5/. boards. 
 
 The Ancient Buildings of Rome, accurately measured and delineated, by 
 Antony Desgodetz, with Explanations in French and English ; the 
 Text translated, and the Plates engraved, by the late Mr. George 
 Marshall, Architect, 2 vols, imperial folio, with 137 Plates, Price 
 61. 16s. 6d. half bound. 
 
 Plans, Elevations, Sections and Views of the Church of Batalha, iir 
 the Province of Estremadura, in Portugal, with an History and 
 Description, by Father Luis de Sousa, with Remarks, to which is 
 prefixed an Intioductory Discourse upon the Principles of Gothic 
 Architecture, by James Murphy, Architect. Illustrated with 27 
 elegant Plates, printed on Imperial Folio, and hot-pressed, Price> 
 4I. 14s. 6d. half-bound. 
 
 Specimens of Gothic Architecturei consisting of Doors, Windows, 
 Buttresses, Pinnacles, &c. with the Measurements ; selected from 
 Ancient Buildings at Oxford, &c. Drawn and etched by F. Mac--^ 
 ieazie and A. Pugin. On 6 1 Plates, Quarto, Price 2I. 2s. in Boards, on 
 Demy ;. and on Imperial Paper 3I. 3s. Boards ; torangp with Britton's 
 Architectural Antiquities and Cathedrals. 
 
 Specimens of Gothic Architecture, selected from the Parish Church of 
 Lavenham, in Suffolk,- on 40 Plates quarto. Price i3s. boards, on 
 large Paper, il. 5s. 
 
 AV^w/obV Architectural Antiquities of Southwell, &c. Two Parts, 
 Quarto, with 23 elegant-Plates, 11. Is. Boards. 
 
 Views of the Collegiate Chapel of 5/. George, at Windsor, on 9 very 
 large Plates, in Aquatinta, by F. Nash, Price 4I. 4s. 
 
 Gothic Ornaments of the Cathedral Church of York, by J. Halfpenny, 
 105 Plates, large Quarto. 
 
 Fragmenta ^etusta, or the Ancient Buildings of York, by J. Half, 
 penny, 34. Plates, large Quarto, 3I. 3s. 
 
 A Tir^ 
 
[ 2 ] 
 
 7he Rudiments of Ancient Anhilecture, containing an Historical Account 
 of the Five Orders, with their Proportions, and Examples of each 
 from Antiques: Also, Extracts from ritruvius, Pliny, &c. relative 
 to the Buildings of the Antients. Calculated for tiie Use of those 
 who wish to attain a summary Knowledge of the Science of Archi- 
 tecture ; with a Dictionary of Terms : illustrated with 1 1 Plates. 
 The Fourth Edition, Boards, 8s. 
 
 Essays on Gothic Architecture, by the Rev. T. Warton, Rev. J. Bentham, 
 Capt. Giose, and Rev. J. Milner. Illustrated with 12 Plates of Or- 
 naments, ix. selected from Ancient Buildings; calculated to exhibit 
 the various Styles of different Periods. The third Edition, with 
 a List of the Cathedrals of England and their Dimensions. Octavo. 
 10s. fid. Boards. 
 
 An Historical Surrey of the Ecclesiastical Antiquities of France, with a 
 View to illustrate the Rise and Progress ot Gothic Architecture in 
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 Elegantly printed in Royal 8vo. With a Frontispiece of the Facade 
 of the Cathedral Church at Rheimes. 12s. Boards. 
 
 A Treatise on the Ecclesiastical Architecture of England, during the 
 middle Ages, with 10 illustrative Copper Plates, by the Rev. J. 
 Milner, D. D. F. S. A. Royal Octavo. 15s. Boaids. 
 
 Observations on English Architecture, Military, Ecclesiastical, and 
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 of Stained Glass, Ornamental Gardening, &c. with Chronological 
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 An Essay on the Origin, History and Principles of Gothic Architec- 
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 concerned in Building : including the Journeymen' s Prices. A 
 new Edition, corrected; by an Experienced Surveyor. Sewed, 3s. 6d. 
 
 The AVxu Vitrwvius Britanmcus, consisting of Plans and Elevations of 
 modern Buildings, public and private, erected in Great Britain by 
 the most celebrated Architects, engraved on 142 Plates, from original 
 Drawings. By G. Richardson, Architect. Two Vols. Imperial 
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 Sketches for Cottages, Villas, Ice. with their Plans and appropriate 
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 and embcllisking Grounds, with Explanations, hy din Amateur, on 54 
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 Plans, Elevations, and Sections of Buildings, executed in theCounties 
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 Somersetshire, &c. by John Soane, Architect, on 47 Folio Plates, 
 al. I2S. fid. 
 
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 The Designs of Inigo Jones, consisting of Plans and Elevations for 
 Public and Private Buildings; including tne Detail of the intended 
 Palace at Whitehall; published by If. Kent,w\th some additional 
 Designs. 2 Vols. Imperial Folio. 
 
 Plans, Elevations, and Sections of Hot-Houses, Green-Houses, an 
 Aquarium, Conservatories, &:c. recently built in different Parts of 
 England for various Noblemen and Gentlemen, by G. Tod, Sur- 
 veyor and Hot-House Builder j including a Hot-House and a 
 
 Green-House in her Majesty's Gardens at Frogmore, on 17 Plates, 
 elegantly coloured, with proper Descriptions, Folio, 2I. las. fid. 
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 Designs for Villas and other Rural Buildings, by Edmund Aikin, 
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 Modern Architecture, and an Investigation of the Style best adapted 
 to the Dwellings of the present Times j engraved on 31 Plates large 
 Qiiarto, Price il. iis. 6d. in Boards. 
 
 A Series of Designs for Villas and Country Houses. Adapted with 
 Economy to the Comforts and to the Elegancies of Modern Life ; 
 with Plans and Explanations to each. To which is prefixed, an 
 Essay on Modern Architeftural Taste. By C. A. Busby, Architeil. 
 Engraved in Aquatinta, on 24 Plates, large Quarto, in Boai'ds, 
 il. 5s. 
 
 Architectural Designs, for Rustic Cottages, Picturesque Diuellings, Villas, 
 &c. with appropriate Scenery, Plans and Descriptions ; to whicU 
 are prefixed some critical Observations on their Style and Charac- 
 ter ; and also of Castles, Abbies, and ancient English Houses. — 
 Concluding with Practical Remarks on Building, and the Causes 
 of the Dry Rot. By /^. F. Pocock, Architect. Elegantly en- 
 graved on 33 Plates, Royal Quarto, Price li. iis. fid. in Boards. 
 
 Designs for Lodges, and Entrances to Parks, Paddocks, and Pleasure 
 Grounds, in the Gothic, Cottage, and Fancy Styles, with charac- 
 teristic Scenery and Descriptions in Letter-press, by T. D. W. Dearn, 
 elegantly engraved on 20 Plates, large Quarto, 11. Us. 6d. Boards. 
 
 Sketches in Architecture, consisting of original Designs for Cottages 
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 Architect to his Royal Highness the Duke of Clarence. Elegantly 
 engraved on 20 Plates, large Quarto, Price il. 7s. in Boards. 
 
 Plans and Fieius of Buildings executed in England and Scotland in 
 the Castellated and other Styles. By R. Lugar, Architect, on 32 
 Plates Royal Quarto with descriptive Letter-press, Price 2I. 2s. in 
 boards. 
 
 Architectural Sketches {or Con:{ges, Rural Dwellings, and Villas : with 
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 proper for Picturesque Buildings, by R. Lugar, Architect and 
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 signs for Labourers' Cottages and small Villas. The whole adapted 
 to the Use of Country Gentlemen about to build or to alter. En- 
 graved on 21 Plates, with some General Observations, and full Expla- 
 nations to each. By R. Lugar. Qii^arto, il. 5s. in Boards. 
 
 Designs for Small Picturesque Cottages, Hunting Boxes, Park Entraaees, 
 Sec. by E. Gjfford, Architect. Part I. Engraved in Aquatinta, on 
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 houses. By D. Laing, Architect, and Surveyor. Elegantly en- 
 graved on 34 Plates in Aquatinta, with appropriate Scenery. 
 Quarto, il. 5s. in boards. 
 
 Sketches 
 
C 3 ] 
 
 Skekhes for Country Houses, Villas, and Rural Dwellings ; calculated 
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 Also some Designs for Cottages, which may be constructed of the 
 simplest Materials ; with Plans and general Estimates. By John 
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 Ferme Ornee, or Rural Improwemenis, a Series of Domestic and Orna- 
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 kennels, Pavilions, Farm-yards, Fishing houses, Sporting-Boxes, 
 Shooting-lodges, Single and Double Cottages, &c. calculated for 
 Landscape and Picturesque Effects. By 'John Plaxu, Architect. 
 Engraved in Aquatinta on 38 Plates, with appropriate Scenery. 
 Plans, and Explanations. Quarto. In Boards, il. lis. 6d. 
 
 An Essay on British Cottage Anhiiecture, exemplified by fourteen 
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 cuted hy James Malion. The Second Edition, with two additional 
 Plates, large Quarto, Boards, il. iis. 6d. 
 
 A. Co\\&ct\on of ^irchilectural Designs, for Villas, Casinos, Mansions, 
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 Randall, Architect, engraved in Aquatinta, on 34. Plates, large 
 Folio, 3I. 13s. 6d. 
 
 The Architect and Builder's Miscellany, or Pocket Library ; containing 
 original Picturesque Designs m Architecture, for Cottages, Farm, 
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 Houses, Bridges, Lodges and Gates for Entrances to Parks and 
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 By Charles Middleton, Architect. On 60 Plates, coloured. Octavo, 
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 Crunden's Con'uenient and Ornamental Architecture ; consisting of Origi- 
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 Farm-house, and regularly ascending to the most grand and magni- 
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 A Series of Plans, for Cottages or Habitations for the Labourer, either in 
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 to the Country. To which is added, an Introduction, containing 
 many useful Observations on this Class of building, tending to the 
 Comfort of the Poor, and Advantage of the Builder; with Calcula- 
 tions of Expenses. By the late A/r. J. Hood, of Bath, Architect. 
 Anew Edition, corrected to the present Time, with 30 Plates, large 
 <).to. ll. IS. 
 
 The Country Gentleman s Architect, in a great Variety of New Designs 
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 Plans of the Offices belonging to each Design ; distributed with 
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 On 31 Quarto Plates. By J. Miller, Architect. Sewed, 10s. 6d. 
 
 Essays of the London Architectural Society. Octavo, 4 Plates. 7s. 
 Boards. Also the Second Part, 4 Plates, 8s. fid. 
 
 Aikin's Essay on the Doric Order, 7 Plates, Imperial Folio. 11. 5s. 
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 fitrwvius Britannicus, 5 Vols. 
 
 Chambers's (Sir William) Treatise on Civil Architecture. 
 
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 Chambers's Designs for Chinese Buildings, ix, il. i is. fid, 
 
 Chambers's Dissertation on Oriental Gardening, 4to. 9s. 
 
 Inigo Jones's Designs, by Kent, 2 vols, folio. 
 
 Gwilt on Arches, 8vo. 4 Plates, 6s, 
 
 /r^r^ on Arches, and their abutment Piers, octavo, 19 Plates. i8s. 
 //■ia;f'.( Remarks on Theatres, octavo, 3 Plates. 7s. 
 
 Aiivood on Arches, quarto. Two Parts. Plates. i8s. 
 
 Malton (James) Perspective, Quarto, il. is. 
 
 Paine' s Plans, Elenjations, &c. of Noblemen's Seats, &c. folio, * vols. 
 Half bound, 81. 8s. 
 
 The Architectural Antiquities of Athens, by Stuart, 4 vols, of Rome, 
 Balbec, Palmyra, Pcestum, Ionia, de la Grece, par Le Roy, &c. &c. 
 
 The Unedited Antiquities of Attica, by the Society of Dilettanti, 
 Folio, elegantly engraved and printed, 10/. los. boards. 
 
 Porapeiana, by Cell and Gundy. Octavo. 
 
 Delineations of Pompeii, by Major Cockburu. Folio. 
 
 Allason's Views of the Antiquities of Pola. Folio. 
 
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 Ifilkins' Translation of Vitruvius, 2. vols. Quarto, 61. 6s. 
 
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 Unison's Elements of Science and Art. 2 Vols. il. 5s. 
 
 Banks on Mills, octavo, Plates, los. 6d. boards. 
 
 Buchanan's Practical Essays on Mill-Work. 2 Vol. 19s. boards. 
 
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 f/a«5»V Course of Mathematics. 3 Vols. il. iis. 6d. 
 
 Hutton's Tracts on Mathematical and Philosophical Subjects, &c. 
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 PapTvorth on the Dry Rot, 3s. 
 
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 Perronet sur les Fonts, 2 Tom. 
 
 Belidor Science des Jngeneurs, 4to. New Edition, with new Plates, &c. 
 
 Belidor, I' Architecture Hydraulique, 4 Tom. Quarto. 
 
 Nowvelle Arch. Hydraulique, par Prony, 2 Tom. 
 
 Piranesi's JVorks, complete, 23 Vols, large Folio. 
 
 Rafael's Ornaments of the Vatican, 3 Parts, Folio. 
 
 Dictionnaire d' Architecture, Ci'uite, Militaire et Nanjale, par Rolandj 
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 Plans, Coupes, et Ele'vations des plus belles Maisons et des Hotels, a 
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 Durand 
 
[ 
 
 Durand Legons it Architecture, » Tom. 4to. 
 
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 Plan;, Coufes et Ek'vationi de di'verses Productions de I' Art de la 
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 Ornamenti d) AWertoli, 3 Parts, Folio. 
 
 Miueo Pio Clementina, 7 Tonu 
 
 MuHO -Chiaramonti. 
 
 IFiebeking on Bridges, Draining, &c. In German. 4 Vols. 4.10. and a 
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 Wiebeking des Fonts d Arches de Charpente, 4.10. with a large Atlas of 
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 Ornemens de le Pautre. 3 Vols. Folio. 
 
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 Antiquite de Poestum, par Delagardette. Folio. 
 
 Ornemens de Cawvet, Folio. 
 
 Voyage Pittoresque deflstria, par Casas, Folio. 
 
 Voyage Pittoresque de la Suisse. 4. Vols. Folio. 
 
 Voyage Pittoresque de Naple et Sicile, 5 Vols. Folio, 
 
 Voyage Pittoresque des Isles de Sicile, de Matte et de Lipari, par tiouel. 
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 Suite de Paysage, de Bourgin, Folio. 
 
 Cabinet de Choiseuil. 
 
 Cabinet de Poutain. Proofs. 
 
 Coupe de Pierre, par Gardelle. 
 
 Cojiaux Na'vigables, de Lalande, Folio. 
 
 Canal du Midi, par Andreossi. 2 Vols. 4to. 
 
 Encyclopedic de I'lngenieur, par Delaitre. 3 Vols. 8vo. and Atlas of 
 Plates. 
 
 Pousse des Terres, par Maignes, 4to. 
 
 Traitc de PArt de Batir, par Rondelet. 5 Vols, 410. Plates. 
 
 Programme du Course de Construction, par Sganzin, 4to. 
 
 Decorations par Percier et Fontains, Folio. 
 
 Palais et Maisons de Rome, par Percier, Folio. 
 
 halia a<vant il Dominio di Romani, par Micali, 4 Vols. 8vo and Atlas. 
 
 Manuel du Tourneur. 2 Vols. 410. Plates. 
 
 Dictionnaire des Gra-veurs. 1 Vols. 8vo. Plates. 
 
 4 ] -' ,.', 
 
 Memoire de V Architecture, par Palte, 4to, . ■ . , 
 
 Coupe de Pierres, de Freziere, 3 Vols. 410. "^ . ' 
 
 Description du Pont a Moulins, par Regemorte, Folio. 
 
 Bottlet Machines de Theatre, 
 
 Scrittori dell'acqua. 8 Vols, 4to. 
 
 Paris et ses Monumens, par Ballard. Folio, 
 
 Musee des Monumens Francois, par Lenoir, 6 Vol, 8vo. 
 
 Annates du Musee, par Landon, 
 
 Bossut Traite d'Hydrodynamique, 2 Vols. 8vo. 
 
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 Statistique d" Amsterdam, 
 
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 Neiu Principles of Linear Perspectiwe, or the Art of Designing on a 
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 and simple Method than has been hitherto done. Illustrated by 13 
 Quarto Plates. By Dr. Brook Taylor, LL.D. and R.SS. The 
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 Dr. Brook Taylor's Method of Perspective made easy both in Theory and 
 Praiiice ; in two Books : being an Attempt to make the Art of 
 Perspective easy and familiar, to adapt it entirely to the Arts of 
 Design, and to make it an entertaining Study to any Gentleman who 
 shall choose so Polite an Amusement. By Joshua Kirby. Illus- 
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 The Perspective of Architecture, a Work entiiely new ; deduced from 
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 Kirby. Elegantly printed on Imperial Pa^jer. jl. js. half bound. 
 
 The 
 
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 Tbe Desmplioti and Use of a neiv Instrument called the Architectonic Sec- 
 tor, by which any Part of Architecture rr.ay be drawn with Facility 
 and Exactness. By Joshua Kirby. Illustrated with 25 Plates; 
 elegantly printed on imperial Paper. Half bound, il. i6s. 
 
 The two Frontispieces, by Hogarth, to Kirby's Perspective, may be 
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 Modern Finishings for Rooms, a Series of Designs for Vestibules, Halls, 
 Stair Cases, Dressing Rooms, Boudoirs, Libraries, and Drawing 
 Rooms, with their Doors, Chimney Pieces, and other finishings to 
 a large Scale, and the several Mouldings and Cornices at full Size, 
 showing their Construction and relative Proportions: to which are 
 added some Designs for Villas and Porticos, with the Rules for 
 drawing the Columns, &c. at large. The whole adapted for the 
 Use and Direction of every Person engaged in the practical Parts of 
 Building, by W. F. Pocock, Architect, on S6 Plates, quarto, 2I. is, 
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 The Student's Instructor in drawing and working the Five Orders of 
 Architecture ; fully explaining the best Methods of striking regular 
 and quirked Mouldings, for diminishing and glueing of Columns 
 and Capitals, for finding the true Diameter of an Order to any given 
 Height, for striking the Ionic Volute circular and elliptical, with 
 finished Examples, on a large Scale, of the Orders, their Planceers, 
 &c. and some Designs for Door Cases, by Peter Nicholson, engraved 
 on 41 Plates octavo. los. 6d. bound. A new Edition corrected 
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 The Carpenter'' s Neiv Guide, being a complete Book of Lines for Car- 
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 and Hand-rails of various Constructions. Angle-Bars for Shop 
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 The Carpenter and Joiner's Assistant, containing Practical Rules for 
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 Rules for hanging them ; for the Construction of Floors, Partitions, 
 Soffits, Groins, Arches for Masonry : for constructing Roofs in 
 the best Manner from a given Quantity of Timber ; for placing of 
 Bond-Timbers 5 with various Methods for adjusting Raking Pedi- 
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 for Joinery, and for setting out Shop Fronts ; with a new Scheme 
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 cal Well-hole, &c. &c. To which are added. Examples ot Various 
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 with Rules for Mortices and Tenons, and for fixing Iron Straps, &c. 
 Also Extracts from M. Belidor, M. du Hamel, M. de BufFon, &c. 
 on the Strength of Timber, with practical Observations. Illustra- 
 ted with 79 Plates, and copious Explanations. By Peter Nicholson. 
 Quarto jl. is. bound. The fourth Edition, revised and corrected. 
 
 The Practical House Carpenter, or Youth's Instructor : containing a great 
 Variety of useful Designs in Carpentry and Architecture ; as Cen- 
 tering for Groins, Niches, &c. Examples for Roofs, Sky-lights, 
 &c. The Five Orders laid down by a New Scale. Mouldings, &c. 
 at large, with their Enrichments. Plans, Elevations, and Sections 
 of Houses for Town and Country, Lodges, Hot-houses, Green- 
 houses, Stables, &c. Design for a Church, with Plan, Elevation, and 
 two Sections ; an Altar-piece, and Pulpit. Designs for Chimney- 
 pieces, Shop Fronts, Door Cases. Section of a Dining-room and 
 Library. Variety of Stair Cases, with many other important Articles 
 and useful Embellishments. To which is added> a List of Prices 
 
 for Materials and Labour, Labour only, and Day Prices. The whole 
 illustrated and made perfectly easy by 148 quarto Copper-plates, 
 >yith Explanations to each. By miliam Pain. The sixth Edi- 
 tion, with large Additions. i8s. bound. 
 N. B. This is PAIN'S last Work. 
 
 The Carpenter's Pocket Directory: containing the best Methods of 
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 Parts; as Floors, Roofs in Ledgements, their Length and 
 Backings ; Trussed Roofs, Spires, and Domes, Trussing Girders, 
 Partitions, and Bridges, with Abutments ; Centering for Arches, 
 Vaults, &c. cutting Stone Ceilings, Groins, &c. with their 
 Moulds ; Centres for drawing Gothic Arches, Ellipses, &c. With 
 the Plan and Sections of a Barn. Engraved on 24 Plates, with 
 Explanations. By IV. Pain, Architect and Carpenter. Bound, 5s. 
 
 Decorations for Parks and Gardens; Designs for Gates, Garden Seats, 
 Alcoves, Temples, Baths, Entrance Gates, Lodges, Facades, 
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 &:c. &c. Also a Hot-house, and Hot-wall, with Plans and Scales; 
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 Designs in Architecture, consisting of Plans, Elevations, and Sections 
 for Temples, Baths, Cassinos, Pavilions, Garden Seats, Obelisks, 
 and other Buildings ; for decorating Pleasure-grounds, Parks, 
 Forests, &c. &c. by John Soane. Engraved on 3S Copper- plates, 
 8vo. Sewed, 6s. 
 
 Grotesque Architecture, or Rural Amusement ; consisting of Plans, 
 and Elevations, for Huts, Herrait.ages, Chinese, Gothic and Na- 
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 executed with Flints, irregular Stones, rude Branches and Roots 
 of Trees; containing 28 Designs, hy IV, IV right. Octavo. Sewed, 
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 Ideas for Rustic Furniture, proper for Garden Chairs, Summer Houses, 
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 Designs for Gates and Rails, suitable to Parks, Pleasure-Grounds, 
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 The Carpenter's Treasure: a Collection of Designs for Temples, with 
 their Plans ; Gates, Doors, Rails, and Bridges, in the Gothic 
 Taste, with Centres at large for striking Gothic Curves and 
 Mouldings, and some Specimens of Rails in the Chinese Taste, 
 forming a complete System for Rural Decorations. By N. IVallis, 
 Architect. 16 Plates. Octavo. Sewed, zs. 6d. 
 
 Gothic Architecture improved, by Rules and Proportions in many grand 
 Designs of Columns, Doors, Windows, Chimney-Pieces, Arcades, 
 Colonnades, Porticos, Umbrellas, Temples, Pavilions, &c. with 
 Plans, Elevations, and Profiles, geometrically exemplified. By 
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 Thirty Capitals of Columns, with six Frises, from the Antique. En- 
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 Outlines of Designs for Shop Fronts and Door Cases, with the 
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 on 24 Plates, Quarto, 5s. 
 
 Ltinglejs 
 
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 Langley's Builder'! Je-uiel. Bound, 5s. 
 
 Haiuneys Complete Measurer, a new Edition, much improved, 4.S. 6d' 
 
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 The Joiner and Cahinet-maker^s Darling; containing sixty different 
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 The Carpenter's Companion; containing 33 Designs for all Sorts of 
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 The Carpenter's Complete Guide to the whole System of Gothic 
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 A Geometrical Fievj of the Five Orders of Columns in Architecture 
 adjusted by aliquot Parts ; whereby the meanest Capacity, by 
 Inspection, may delineate and work an entire Order, or any Part, 
 of any Magnitude required. On a large Sheet, is. 
 
 Elevation of the Neiv Bridge at Black Friars, with the Plan of the 
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 Plans, Elevations, and Sections of the M.ichines and Centering used 
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 Elevation of the Stone Bridge built over the Severn at Shremusbury ; 
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 Plans, Elevation and Sections of the curious Wooden Bridge at 
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 Perspective View of the proposed Iron Bridge at London, of 
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 London and Westminster Improved. Illustrated by Plans. By John 
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 Observations on Brick Bond, as practised at various periods ; con- 
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 Figures representing the difterent Modesof Construction. Octavo, is. 
 
 The Bricklayer' s Guide to the Mensuration of all Sorts of Brick Work, 
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 Tables for the Purchasing of Estates, Freehold, Copyhold, or Lease- 
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 BOOKS OF ORNAMENTS, &c. 
 
 A Collection of Antique Vases, Altars, Pateras, Tripods, Candelabra, 
 Sarcophagi, &c. from various Museums and Collections, engraved 
 in Outline on 1 70 Plates, by H. Moses, with Historical Essays. ' 
 3I. 3s. Half Bound small Quarto, and on large fine Paper, 5I. js. 
 in extra Boards. 
 
 Select Greek and Roman Antiquities, from Vases, Gems, and other 
 Subjects of the choicest Workmanship. Engraved on 36 Plates, 
 by H. Moses, with Descriptions. Quarto il. Is. boards. 
 
 Ornamental Designs after the Manner of the Antique. Composed 
 for the Use of Architects, Ornamental Painters, Statuaries, Carvers, 
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 dependent on the Fine Arts, by G. Smith, with Descriptions. 
 Quarto. Neatly engraved in Outline. Royal 410. on 43 Plates, 
 Price 2I. 23. in Boards. 
 
 A Colleflion of Designs for Modern Embellishments suitable to P.ir- 
 lours. Dining and Drawing Rooms, Folding Doors, Chimney 
 Pieces, Varandas, Frizes, &c. By C. A. Busby, Architeil ; neatly 
 engraved on 44 Plates, 14 of which are elegantly coloured ; large 
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 Designs for the Decoration of Rooms in the various Styles of 
 modern Embellishment. With Pilasters and Frizes at large. On 
 20 folio Plates, Drawn and Etched by G. Cooper, Draftsman and 
 Decorator, il. is. 
 
 Orniaments Displayed, on a full Size for working, proper for all Car- 
 vers, Painters, &c. containing a Variety of accurate Examples of 
 Foliage and Frizes, elegantly engraved in the Manner of Chalks, 
 on 33 large Folio Plates. Sewed, 15s. 
 
 Pergolesi's Ornaments in the Etruscan and Grotesque Styles, large 
 Folio, jl. 5s. Boards. 
 
 A Nevj Book of Ornaments ; containing a Variety of elegant Designs 
 for modern Pannels, commonly executed in Stucco, Wood, or 
 Painting, and used in Decorating principal Rooms. Drawn and 
 etched by P. Columbani. Quarto. Sewed, 7s. fid. 
 
 A Variety of Capitals, Frizes, and Cornices ; how to increase or decrease 
 them, still retaining the same Proportion as the Original. Like- 
 wise 12 Designs for Chimney-pieces. On 12 Plates, drawn and 
 etched by P. Columbani. Folio, Sewed, 6s. 
 
 The Principles of Drawing Ornaments made easy, by proper Examples 
 of Leaves for Mouldings, Capitals, Scrolls, Husks, Foliage, &c„ 
 Engraved in Imitation of Drawings, on 16 Plates, with Instruc- 
 tions for learning without a Master. Particularly useful to Carvers, 
 Cabinetmakers, Stucco-workers, Painters, Smiths, and every one 
 concerned in Ornamental Decorations. By an Artist. Quarto. 
 Sewed, 4s. fid. 
 
 Ornamental Iron Work, or Designs in the present Taste, for Fan- 
 lights, Stair-Case Railing, Window Guard Irons, Lamp-Irons, 
 Palisadoes, and Gates. With a Scheme for adjusting Designs with 
 Facility and Accuracy to any Slope. Engraved on 21 Plates. 
 Quarto. Sewed, 6s. 
 
 A nev] Book of Ornaments, by i'. Aiken, on 6 Plates, sewed, 2S. fid. 
 
 Laau's new Book of Ornaments. Sewed, 2s. 
 
 A Book of Vases, by T. Laiv. Sewed, is. 
 
 A Book of Vases, by P. Columbani. Sewed, 2s. 
 
 A new Book of Eighteen Vases, Modern and Antique, 2s. 
 
 A Book of Vases from the Antique, on 12 Plates, 2s. 
 
 An interior View of Durham Cathedral, and a View of the elegant 
 Gothic Shrine in the same. Elegantly engraved on two large Sheets. 
 Size 19 by ii. The Pair 12s, 
 
 -I An 
 
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 An exterior and interior View of Si. Giles's Church in the Fields, 
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 A North-west View of Greenwich Church, 2s, 
 
 A View of the Roman Catholic Chapel at Gkisgo-iu. By Gillespie 
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 A View of Shoreditch Church, 38 Inches by 20, 35. 
 
 An eleganf engraved View of the Monument at London, with the 
 Parts geometi ically ; Size 21 by 33 Inches, from an Original, 
 by Sir C. Wren, 7s. 6d. 
 
 Sir Christopher IVren's Plan for rebuilding the City of London after the 
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 West Elevation of York Minster, elegantly engraved from a Draw- 
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 The Building Act of the z^-th Geo. III. with Plates shewing the proper 
 Thickness of Party Walls, External Walls, and Chimneys. A 
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 small Pocket Size. Sewed, 3s. 
 
 N. B. The Notice and Certificate required by the above Aft, 
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 Experiments and Observations made with a View of improving the 
 Art of composing and applying Calcareous Cements, and of preparing 
 £^ick Lime; with the Theory of these Arts. By B. Higgins, M. D. 
 
 A General History of Inland Na'vigation, Foreign and Domestic ; containing 
 a Complete Account of the Canals already executed in England; avith 
 Considerations on those projeiied : to ivhich are added. Practical Obser- 
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 A Map of England, shewing the Lines of the Canals executed, 
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 A Treatise on the Impro'vement of Canal Na'vigation, exhibiting the nu- 
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 Observations on the various Systems of Canal Na'vigation, with In 
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 Remarkable Ruins and Romantic Prospects of North Britain, with 
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 A new Collection of 100 Views in Rome and its Vicinity, neatly 
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 A Treatise on Painting, by Leonardo da l^inci. Faithfully translated 
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 An Enquiry into the Changes of Taste in Landscape Gardening ; 
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 Cromer considered as a Watering Place, with Observations on the 
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 Specimens of Ancient Carpentry, consisting of Framed Roofs selected 
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 Speciipens of Mouldings for Cornices, Doors, and Windows, by 
 the late Mr. James Smith, engraved on 36 Plates, Quarto, Price 
 125. sewed. 
 
 The Architectural Antiquities of Great Britain, represented and illus- 
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 of Various Ancient English Edifices, with Historical and Descrip- 
 tive Accounts of each. By John Britton, F. S. A. 4 Vols. Quarto, 
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 An Historical and Architectural Essay, relating to Redcliffe Church, 
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 or 7 Plates, will be published every three Months, Price 12s. Me- 
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 complete in 5 Parts. — York is now publishing. 
 
 Plans, Ele'vation, Section, &c. &c. of the Cathedral Church of St. 
 Paul's, London, with an Historical and Descriptive Account. 
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 A COLLECTION of DESIGNS for Household Furniture and 
 interior Decoration, in the most approved and elegant Taste, viz. 
 Curtains, Draperies, Beds, Cornices, Chairs and Sofas for Parlors, 
 Libraries, Drawing Rooms, &c. Library Fauteuils, Seats, Ottomans, 
 Chaise Longue, Tables for Libraries, Writing, Work, Dressing, &c. 
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 Commodes, Pier Tables, Wardrobes, Pedestals, Glasses, Mirrors, 
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 cal and in Perspective, shewing the Decorations, Adjustment of the 
 Furniture, and also some general Observations, and a Description 
 of each Plate. By George Smith, Upholder Extraordinary to his 
 Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. Elegantly engraved on 15S 
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 The Parts may be had Separate, each containing 50 Plates, price 
 il. IIS. 6d. each, or elegantly coloured 2I. 12s. 6d. 
 
 Designs for Household Furniture, exhibiting a Variety of Elegant and 
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 By the late T. Sheraton. Engraved on 84 Folio Plates, Price 
 jl. 13s. fid. in Boards. 
 
 Mechanical Exercises; or, the Elements and Practice of Carpentr)-, 
 Joinery, Bricklaying, Masonry, Slating, Plastering, Painting, 
 Smithmg, and Turnmg. Containing a full Description of the 
 Tools belonging to each Branch of Business, and copious Directions 
 for their Use : with an Explanation of the Terms used in each Art ; 
 and an Introduction to Practical Geometry. Illustrated by 39 
 Plates, By Peter Nicholson. Octavo, 18s. Boards, 21s. Bound. 
 
 Ah 
 
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 An Essay en the Shafts nf Mills ; containing their Description and 
 Use, with the Kinds of Stress to which they are subject, and an 
 Inquiry into their Stiffness, Strength, Durability, and Proportion. 
 With a Variety of useful Tables. Also an introductory Account 
 of the Progress and Improvement of Mill-work. By Robertson 
 Buchanan, Engineer. Illustrated with Three Plates, Price 7s. Boards. 
 
 Essays on the Construction and Durability of the Longitudinal 
 Connexions of Shafts denominated Couplings. — On Methods ot 
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 On Mechanism for Equalizing the Motion of Mills, denominated 
 Lift-Tenters, Engine Governors, and Water-Wheel Governors. — 
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 of Machinery while in Motion. — On the Framing of Mill- Work. 
 By Robertson Buchanatt,Engineer. Illustrated with' 15 Plates, Price 
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 Curr's Coal Viewer and Engine Builder's Practical Companion. 
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 Smealon's Experiments on Under-shot and Over-shot Water Wheels, 
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 Experimental Enquiries concerning the Principle of the lateral 
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 of various Hydraulic Phenomena. By 5*. P. f^enturi. Translated 
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 THE ELGIN MARBLES of the Temple of Minerva at Athens, 
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