,a\vh: / NEWCA UPON ‘ ■i'Sft, VISITATIONS OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL In 1297 and in 1458 , Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 with funding from Getty Research Institute https://archive.org/details/visitationsofchu255stpa VISITATIONS OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO ST. RAUL’S CATHEDRAL In 1297 and in 1458. EDITED FROM ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPTS BY W. SPARROW SIMPSON, D.D., F.S.A., SUB-DEAN AND LIBRARIAN OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL, ONE OF THE HONORARY LIBRARIANS OF HIS GRACE THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. PRINTED FOR THE CAMDEN SOCIETY. M.DCCC.XCV. WESTMINSTER : PRINTED BY NICHOLS AND SONS, 25, PARLIAMENT STREET. [NEW SERIES NO. LV.] t^egetty cm m COUNCIL OF THE CAMDEN SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1894-5. President. THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF CRAWFORD. K.T., LL.D., F.R.S., &c., &c. JAMES J. CARTWRIGHT, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., Treasurer. REY. J. SILVESTER DAVIES, M.A., F.S.A. REV. J. WOODFALL E8SWORTH, M.A.. F.S.A. JAMES GAIRDNER, ESQ., Secretary. SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER, ESQ., M.A., LL.D., Director . REV. F. A. GASQITET, D.D. DAVID HANNAY, ESQ. REV. WILLIAM HUNT, M.A. ARTHUR W. HUTTON, ESQ., M.A. J. BASS MULLINGER, ESQ., M.A. REV. CHARLES NEIL, M.A. J. E. L. PICKERING, ESQ. H. C. SOTHERAN, ESQ. HENRY R. TEDDER, ESQ. PERCY M. THORNTON, ESQ., M.P. CAMD. SOC, The Council of the Camden Society desire it to be under- stood that they are not answerable for any opinions or observa- tions that may appear in the Society’s publications ; the Editors of the several Works being alone responsible for the same. TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE. Preface - vii, viii Introduction - ix Visitation of Churches in 1297 - - - 1-64 Visitation of Churches in 1458 ..... 65-114 A few Inventories of Church Goods taken 6 Edward VI. in SEVERAL OF THE PARISHES ALREADY DEALT WITH - - 115-122 Index of Names of Persons and Places - 123 Index of Matters - - - - - - - 127 PKEFACE. The two Visitations of certain churches in Essex, Hertfordshire, and Middlesex, now for the first time printed, are transcribed from contemporary records preserved in the Archive Room of St. Paul’s Cathedral. The Visitation of 1297 is taken from a book known as Liber I., a quarto volume of 180 folios, still retaining its fine and ancient stamped leather binding, strengthened by bands also of leather sewn with interlacing strips of parchment, the front edge of the book guarded by a broad overlapping flap. The handwriting of this portion is clear and distinct, the ink well preserved. The other contents of the manuscript, which are very varied, are indexed bv Mr. Maxwell Lyte in his Calendar of the Records of St. Paul's Cathedral, in the Appendix to the Ninth Report of the Historical Manuscripts Commission. (See p. 70, column a. The manuscript measures about Ilf inches by 8f inches, and its press mark is W. E>. 16.) The Visitation of 1458 is taken from a volume containing only thirteen folios, also preserved amongst the Cathedral Records. The manuscript has suffered from neglect in time past, but was carefully bound some thirty years ago in red morocco. In some instances it would seem that an endeavour had been made to render small portions of the faded writing more legible by the application of some chemical preparation, which, whatever effect it may have had at the time, has hopelessly stained the vellum and rendered Vlll PREFACE. darkness deeper still. This fact, together with some slight injuries which the manuscript has sustained, will account for a few small lacuncs in the transcript. (The volume measures about Ilf inches by 9 inches, and the press mark is W. D. 15.) A few inventories of church goods taken in the sixth year of Edward the Sixth in certain of the parishes to which the early inventories refer are here added, partly to show that some very scanty remains of their ancient vestments were still to be discovered, here and there; partly to illustrate the method of procedure by which the Commissioners swept off every article of value, con- descending even to include fittings of brass and metal. These inventories are transcribed from the original returns in the Record Office. It is scarcely neeessary to observe that inventories of church goods of so early a date as the close of the thirteenth century are rare and valuable. An attempt has been made in the Introduction to give a fairly accurate view of the books, vestments, and furniture of these village churches at this particular period. Explanations have been added of any terms not quite familiar. In the Latin inventories all contracted words have been extended, save in the very few cases in which the text presented any obscurity, the original spelling being as far as possible retained. I have to acknowledge the patient skill and industry with which Miss E. Salisbury has transcribed the ancient manuscripts. In a very close and strict collation of the transcript with the originals, I have found reason to commend her accuracy. INTRODUCTION. The stormy days of the thirteenth century were fast drawing to a close. The king, Edward I., was in sore straits. “ The treasury was utterly drained. The costly fight with the French in Gascony called for supplies, while Edward was planning a yet costlier attack on northern France, with the aid of Flanders. Need drove him on his return from Scotland in 1297 to measures of tyrannical extortion which seemed to recall the times of John. His first blow fell on the Church.” On September 21 , 1294, he had already demanded half their annual income from the clergy , te and so terrible was his wrath at their resistance, that the Dean of St. Paul’s, who stood forth to remonstrate, dropped dead of sheer terror at his feet. * If any oppose the king’s demand,’ said a royal envoy in the midst of the convoca- tion, * let him stand up that he may be noted as an enemy to the king’s peace.’ ” a It was William de Montfort, Dean of St, Paul’s, who whilst acting as the representative of the clergy in resistance to these iniquitous demands, fell dead at the king’s feet. b There had been great slaughter in Scotland; u nearly eight thousand inhabitants of Berwick were mown down in a ruthless carnage. Edinburgh, Stirling, and Perth opened their gates, Bruce joined the English army, and Balliol himself surrendered and passed without a blow from his throne to an English prison. The sacred a J. R. Green, History of the English People, vol. i. pp. 362, 363. b Milman, Annals of St. Paul's Cathedral , second edition, p. 66. CAMD. SOC. b X INTRODUCTION. stone on which the older sovereigns had been installed, an oblong block of limestone, which legend asserted to have been the pillow of Jacob as angels ascended and descended upon him, was removed from Scone and placed in Westminster by the shrine of the Confessor. It was enclosed by Edward’s order in a stately seat, which became from that hour the coronation chair of English kings.” a It seems strange to turn from these great events, the wars abroad, the wars in Scotland, the wars in Wales, to a calm and peaceful country excursion undertaken by the Dean of St. Paul’s and certain chosen assessors. Ralph de Baldock was now dean. He was elected to that office 18 October 1294, and twelve years later became Bishop of London. He was also Lord Chancellor of England and a man of letters, author of a History of Great Britain from the earliest times to his own, a work which had been seen by Leland, but, I fear, is now,” says Dean Milman, “irre- coverably lost.” b He is best known in connection with St. Paul’s Cathedral, by having arranged and codified the statutes of the Cathedral. 0 The Dean and his companions, probably a canon of the cathedral and a secretary or scribe, set forth from London in September 1297 to hold a visitation of certain country parishes in Essex, Hertfordshire, and Middlesex, within their jurisdiction. Their first visit was paid to Westlee, near Langdon Hills in Essex, on Holy Cross Day, September 14 ; their last to Chiswick on October 24. In addition, St. Pancras was visited on November 2. The visitors evidently set about their task with an earlier inven- tory in their hands. They are careful to note deficiencies ; a chalice is missing, or a comb is not to be found, for even such small matters are not beneath their notice ; as well as to register gifts which had been offered since the last visitation. a J, R. Green, History of the English People* 1, 362. b Dean Milman, Annals of St. Paul's , second edition, 70. c See Pegistrum Statutorum et Gonsuetudimm Ecclesice CathedraMs S. Pauli Zondinensis, 4° Lond., 1873. INTRODUCTION. Xl Archdeacon Hale has printed, in his Domesday of St. Paul's , a a very important inquisition of the churches belonging to the cathedral about the year 1181. It is full of valuable information as to the burdens of the various churches : “ what is paid to the chapter; what by the clergy ; what by the firmarius ; what for synodals ; who collects Peter’s Pence ; what is paid to the arch- deacon ; ” these, and many other questions, are answered in the brief notes upon the several churches there given. Together with this original document should be read the excellent notice of its contents given in the learned introduction to the work. b The subject of the exact relation in which the churches and their vicars stood to the cathedral is full of interest, but the field is far too wide to be touched in the present volume. One very curious point, however, can hardly be omitted. Archdeacon Hale is speaking of the manors and of the churches : 11 The churches or parsonages of the manors were frequently included in the lease. Thus we read 4 tradiderunt ei canonici liberam ecclesiam ab omni persona,’ without a parson or rector, and in that condition it was to be restored. In the manor of Adulvesnasa there were three churches, at Walton, Kirkby, and Thorpe ; and it was the condition upon which Richard the Archdeacon of Middlesex c held them, about the year 1150, that he should keep them free in his own hand, without appointing any parson to any of them, so that on the surrender of the manor into the hands of the chapter, the churches should be found without any parson appointed to them. In this way the Firmarius of the early periods held both the manor and the church to farm ; a prac- tice strongly denounced in the prologue to the inquisition of the churches belonging to the manors in 1181. d ” The dean and chapter would, in such cases, appoint a vicar, “ for whose support, if the altarage alone was sufficient, with that a Camden Society, pp. 146-152. b See especially pp. xliv.-xlvi. c Richard Ritz Walter or de Belmeis, afterwards Bishop of London. a Domesday of St. Paul's , xliv., 128, 132, 146. INTRODUCTION. xii he was to be content, if it was insufficient, some decent addition was to be made at will out of the tithes ” : “Vicarius, si facilitates ecclesise patiantur, dum servit altari sit contentus altario : si non patiantur, yictus capellano suppleatur ex decimis ad arbitrium tale, quod semper honestati sit conscium.” It is easy to see that arrangements of this kind might be profit- able to the person, 6( vel canonicus, vel extraneus,” to whom, for the time being, the manor and the church were let to farm ; but the injustice done to the parishioners and to the poor priest charged with the duty is too obvious to need remark. Here follows a calendar for part of the year 1297, together with an itinerary, which will exhibit in exact chronological succes- sion the order in which the various parishes comprised in the circuit were visited. This is rendered necessary by the fact that the scribe has not entered the several visitations in the precise order in which they occurred. A short notice of each of the parishes comprised within the Visitation is then given, with a few particulars concerning each of them, indicating, wherever there is certain knowledge, the source from which the manor, church, or parish, became the property of the dean and chapter. The Calendar of .the Cathedral Records, compiled a few years since by Mr. Maxwell Lyte, is simply invaluable to the student of the history of the cathedral, and has been laid under frequent contributions. INTRODUCTION. Xlll CALENDAR AND ITINERARY OF THE VISITATION. September and October, 1297. Day. Festival. Churches and their Dedications. September 14. Saturday ,, 15. Sunday Crntfg JBaj) Westlee. St. Mary. „ 17. Tuesday Navestock. St. Thomas Ap. „ 21. Saturday „ 24. Tuesday Barlinge. All Saints. „ 26. Thursday Tillingham. St. Nicholas. „ 27. Friday Heybridge. St. Andrew. „ 29. Sunday $L M tcfjncl Kills m October 1. Tuesday Walton. All Saints. „ 2. Wednesday Kirkeby. St. Michael. ,, 3. Thursday Thorpe. St. Mary. „ 5. Saturday Wickham. All Saints. ,, 6. Sunday &t. dTattf) Belch amp. St. Andrew. „ 9. Wednesday §>t IBcnte „ 10. Thursday Aldebury. St. Mary. „ 11. Friday Pelham Furneaux. St. Mary V. ,, 12. Saturday „ 13, Sunday m- STCdfottnpi Pelham Arsa. St. Mary V. Sandon. All Saints. „ 14. Monday Caltptu* Erdele. St. Nicholas. „ 17. Thursday Cadingdon. Kensworth. „ 18. Friday g>t. Hufte „ 21. Monday Drayton. St. Martin. „ 23. Wednesday Willesdon. St. Mary. „ 24. Thursday Chiswick. St. Nicholas. November 2. Saturday m ^0ui^ St. Pancras. West Lee. Navestock. xiv INTRODUCTION. The parish of Westlee, or Westley, possessed such small revenues that no incumbent could be found for it, and it remained in a very neglected condition. The church “as well through the malice of O men, as by the mortality of cattle, and the neglect of tilling the ground, was so depauperated that it was not sufficient to sustain the Rector,” and to bear its own burdens. It was united with Langdon Hills in 1432, and Morant says that the site of the church was in his day unknowns It was standing at the date of this visitation, but was evidently in a ruinous condition. Navestock (Nasingstoke, Nastoke, Nasestoca, Nassestoka, Ness- estochus) is about ten miles from Westlee. King Edgar gave to St. Paul’s an estate in this parish in 967, and William the Conqueror restored it to the Cathedral. The church, says Lewis, is a most ancient edifice, with a belfry tower of wood surmounted by a shingled spire, and there is a Norman doorway on the north side. b The following documents preserved at St. Paul’s relating to the parish seem worthy of special notice : Grant by John Barnet, Bishop of Bath and Wells, late Bishop of Worcester, and Canon, Prebendary, and Residentiary in St. Paul’s, to the Dean and Chapter, of a water-mill and certain lands at Navestock for the sustenance of a lamp before the image of the Blessed Virgin in the south part of the nave of the said church. 1365.° Another grant d makes mention, of a certain autumnal service called “Bederep” to be rendered by Henry Curteys. Compare other services “ Bedhalfaker ” and “ Bedemad ” due from tenants at Navestock, mentioned in Archdeacon Hale’s Domesday e of St. Paul's. a Newcourt, Report or inm , ii. 357 ; Morant, Essex, i. 247. b Newcourt, ii. 432 ; Morant, i. 181 ; Lewis, Topographical Dictionary. c Historical MSS. Commission, ix. p. 32 b, Deed No. 411. “ 1 lid. ix. p. 32 t b, Deed No. 405. e Bedhalfaker is the service of mowing half an acre. Bedmad and Bederep the services of mowing and reaping. — Hale, Domesdap, exxiv. INTRODUCTION. XV A full and interesting account of the manor house of Navestock, together with a list of utensils, in 1335, is found in a demise of the manor to master Adam Murymouth, Canon of St. Paul’s. Other documents of considerable importance will be found indexed on the same page of the calendar. a These are but specimens of the rich store of material for the history of these and other parishes connected with St. Paul’s which are contained in the Cathedral record room ; and which are carefully arranged and calendared. From Navestock to Barling is a journey of some four and twenty Barling, miles. Edward the Confessor gave it to St. Paul’s. It lies between Rochford and the sea. The church now consists of nave, aisle, and chancel, and a tower at the east end with a shingled spire. b A grant by Ralph de Barling called ffff Marini ” to the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s, of a fleet, or stream, called “ Henriesflete ” or u Machunesflete,” in the parish of Barling, A.D. 1243, is preserved amongst the records of the Cathedral. 0 Nine miles further brought the travellers to Tillingham, on the Tillingham. shore of the North Sea, which washes its eastern boundary. Special interest attaches to this parish, for it was given to St. Paul’s by King Ethelbert, d and has remained in the possession of the dean and chapter ever since. “ The corps of the prebends of Reculverland and Weldland lie in this parish, the first about a quarter of a mile from the church, the other full half a mile. They have court lete and court baron. The corps of Ealdland was also in this parish, if not lost.” e The church was rebuilt at the ex- pense of the inhabitants in 1708. Mr. Fred. Chancellor has a Historical MSS. Commission, ix. p. 38 a, Deed No. 1100. b Newcourt, ii. 36 ; Morant, i. 309; Lewis. c Historical MSS. Commission ix. p. 30 b, Deed No. 93. d Ethelbert’s charter of gift will be found in Dugdale, St. Paul's, 288, and in m 3 r Pegistrum, 380. e Morant, i. 371 ; Newcourt, ii. 598 ; Lewis, Heybridge. Xvi INTRODUCTION, given a careful and interesting account of the church in the Essex Review . a Iieybridge is distant about nine miles. It is situate on the north bank of the Black water, near the junction of that water with the Chelmer. Lewis derives its name “ from the construc- tion of an ancient bridge of five arches in the time of Henry VI.;” but as the town is called by its present name in 1297, and as Henry VI. did not begin to reign till 1422, this derivation must be abandoned, at any rate so far as the date is concerned. Its ancient name, in Domesday, is Tidwolditune, Tidwoldenstona, or Tidwoldinton. “ It was one of the thirteen lordships wherewith Athelstane endowed the cathedral church of St. Paul, whereof five were in this county,” says Morant. The church was dedicated in the time of Hugh de Marny, dean from 1160 to 1181, the immediate predecessor of Ralph de Diceto, the historian. The church lies on the strand over against Maldon, the sea at high water coming up to the church wall. b In a demise of the manor of Tydwoldington or Heybridge, by the dean and chapter to their fellow canon, Master Gilbert de Segrave, they enumerate in an inventory of stock, &c. 11 Camera nova et magna, solarium cum capella de constructione domini Hervey de Borliam, cum duobus caminis de plastro pari- siensi.” and also “ domus ad caseum faciendum de bidentibus”. The date is 1301. An undated document seems to show that this plaster of Paris was not a very durable material, for it mentions : “ Unam bicameram cum camino de plaustro de paris debilem et ruinosam.” a Essex Review, ii. 146-159. b Newcourt, ii. 328, 329 ; Morant, i. 379, 3S0 ; Lewis. INTRODUCTION. XVII Other deeds speak of the com mill of the dean and chapter, and give licence for the erection of a fulling mill in 1332. All future fermors of that place are to pay forty shillings yearly to he distributed between the canons and the choir on occasion of the Obit of William de Meleford, Archdeacon of Colchester. a The collation of David de Takkeleges, deacon, to the vicarage of Hey bridge, in 1258/ is still preserved amongst the cathedral records. From Heybridge to Walton is a journey of about twenty-five miles, from Walton to Kirkby only two, from Kirkby to Thorpe about three. All these three parishes “ are called the Sokens from the Saxon word Soc or Soca, i.e. jurisdiction/’ says Newcourt : all were given to St. Paul’s Cathedral by Athelstan. Walton-le-Soken, or Walton-on -the-Naze, takes its name from Walton, the sea-wall, according to Morant. Here is the promontory or point of land called the Nasse or Naze. The prebend of Con- sumpta per Mare was in this parish. In Morant’s time, the ancient church lay in ruins. The present church was consecrated by Bishop Porteus in 1804, the old church and churchyard having been swallowed up by the sea. c Kirkby de-Soken, also called Kirby, is bounded on the north by Kirkby. a creek of the North Sea. The church was a very ancient structure, but with the exception of the tower it was taken down and rebuilt in 1833/ Here is the prebend of Sneating. Thorpe-le-Soken is about twelve miles from Colchester. A creek of Thorpe, the sea runs up to Landermere, a small hamlet in the parish. The lord of the manor appoints a commissary, who has a court, proves wills, and grants marriage licences, says Lewis. The church, consisting of nave, two aisles, and chancel, was entirely repewed in 1827. e a Historical MSS. Commission, ix., p. 37 a, Deeds Nos. 948, 951, 949. b Ibid. p. 36 b, Deed No. 928. c Newcourt, ii. 637 ; Morant, i. 484, 485 ; Lewis. d Newcourt, ii. 352 ; Morant, i. 483 ; Lewis. e Newcourt, ii. 585 ; Morant, i. 481 ; Lewis. CAMD. SOC. C XV111 INTRODUCTION. Wickham. Bel champ. Aldbury. Wickham is distant about twenty-three miles from Thorpe. This parish also was granted to St. Paul’s by Athelstan. New- eourt cites a passage from Domesday, and from an inquisition of manors taken in 1181, a proving that the land then belonged to the cathedral. The manors of Barnes and Wickham having been granted by the Pope to Vitalis, Cardinal of St. Martin in Montibus, Bernarde de Cistre, Canon of St. Hilary’s at Poitou, proctor of the Cardinal, enters into an agreement with the Chapter of St. Paul’s on the subject of the manors. The cardinal undertakes not to molest the chapter as to these manors which they claim as of lay fee, and the chapter undertakes to pay to the said cardinal 500 florins of Florence, “ not for the said manors nor on account of them, but for their reverence towards the Holy See, and in order to secure the good will of the cardinal,” and to reimburse him his expenses in the matter „ b 1318. Bel champ, about five miles further, was also the gift of Athel- stan. Morant describes the dean and chapter as owners of the great tithes, patrons of the vicarage, and ordinaries. It obtained, says Lewis, its Norman appellation in consequence of its fertility and the beauty of its situation. Though known as Belchamp St. Paul’s, the church is dedicated to St. Andrew. 0 At an inquisition held at Hedingham Castle, 8 Henry IV., it appears that the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s had omitted to find a chaplain for the chapel of St. Andrew at Beauchamp Paul, and had suffered the building to become ruinous, contrary to the terms on which they held certain lands worth £10 a year/ 1 From Belchamp to Aldbury is a distance of about twenty-nine miles, in the course of which the travellers passed from Essex into Hertfordshire. Aldbury lies about four and a half miles N.W. from Bishop Stortford. Bishop “Robert de Sigillo gave the profits * Newcourt, ii. 658 ; Morant, ii. 276 ; Lewis. b Historical MSS. Commission , ix., p. 84 b, Deed No. 654. c Newconrt, ii. 48 ; Morant, ii. 229 ; Dngdale, St. Paul’s, 292 ; Lewis. d Historical MSS, Commission, ix., p. 35 a, Deed No. 700. INTRODUCTION. xix of this church, that is, the manor of the rectory, and the tithes (with certain other churches, namely Sudmenstre, Pelham Furnels, and Pelham Sarners, which were said to belong to his own table) to Godfrey,® the first treasurer of the Cathedral Church of St. Paul.” b Pelham Furneaux (three miles from Aldbury) and Pelham Arsa (two miles from Pelham Furneaux) are next visited. Pelham Furneaux derives its name from the family of Furneaux, to whom it belonged at a very early period. In the reign of Henry III., Simon de Furneux obtained a licence for the building of a chapel at his own mansion house; he also founded a chantry in the church. There is a nave, chancel, two aisles, tower, and south porch; the chancel was erected about 1300, and there is a low side window on the north side of the chancel . e Pelham Arsa, Brent Pelham, derived its epithet from a fire which, according to Chauncy, destroyed the church and the greater part of the village during the reign of Henry I. John Norden says that in his time, 1598, traces of the great conflagration still remained. In Domesday the three Pelhams formed but one estate, and belonged to the Bishop of London. From Pelham Arsa and Pelham Furneaux, the treasurer of St. Paul’s was bound to “ provide three hundred pound weight of wax for the lamps continually burning in the church of St. Paul ; as also oyl, incense, and coal, for the amending and washing the ornaments and vestments belonging thereto; and, moreover, for sweeping and cleansing thereof with rushes, straw, and mops, yielding like allowance to the sacrist, and three other servants of the church,” that is, to the three virgers. The church has a square embattled tower; the chancel is less than it formerly was, the south side having fallen down some years since. d a In about 1160. b Newcourt, i. 790-792; Cussans’ Hertfordshire, 159; Lewis. c Newcourt, i. 854 ; Cussans, 146-150. a Newcourt, i. 852; Cussans, 134 ; Lewis. Pelham Furneaux. Pelham Arsa. XX INTRODUCTION. Sandon. Many documents relating to the two Pelhams are indexed in Mr. Maxwell Lyte’s Calendar of the Cathedral Records* Two deserve special mention. A long inventory of the goods of Sir John, the vicar of Pelham Furneaux, taken after his death in 1307. A copy of the will of John Chamberleyn, of Pelham Arsa, in 1345. He bequeaths to Sir Alan, vicar of that parish, a red cow to go before his corpse on the day of the funeral. The funeral expenses amount to 63s. 7|d. of which the coffin cost only 3^d. Sandon, nine miles further, was visited on the same day. The manor of Cadington, together with the manor of Sandon, were given to St. Paul’s by Athelstan, 926-941 ; but the churches followed about the year 1184. At the time of the compilation of Domesday, the canons of St. Paul’s were in possession of the whole of the manor. The church dates from the latter part of the fourteenth century, and consists of chancel, nave, two aisles, and tower. Amongst the records of the cathedral is an agreement between Masters Alan de Hothom and Johnde Barnet, canons of St. Paul’s, on behalf of the dean and chapter, and Thomas Kykelyng, stone- mason, by which the latter undertakes — To pull down the walls of the chancel of the Church of Sandon, and to rebuild them on the old foundation to a height of seventeen feet at the two sides. The east wall is to have a window containing three divisions, called dayes, and eacli of the side walls two windows similar to the said chief window, but containing only two dayes apiece. At each of the two chief angles there shall be a buttress, five feet in breadth and one foot and a half in thickness, and a buttress of like size in each of the side walls. There is to be a suitable door on the south side. For this work the said Thomas is to have the stone of the chancel and twenty marks. a Historical MSS. Commission, ix., 39 a, Deeds Nos. 1153, 1161. b Newcourt, i. 123; Cussans, 147, 156; Lewis. INTRODUCTION. XXI The agreement is dated July 11, 1348. a Sandon to Erdele, five miles, Erdele to Cadingdon, twenty-one miles, Cadingdon to Kensworth, three miles, complete this portion of the circuit. Erdeley (Ardeley or Yardley) is also part of the munificent donation of King Atlielstan. It lies midway between Stevenage and Braughing. The fine old church is dedicated to St. Lawrence. In the north wall of the chancel an Easter sepulchre of the early part of the thirteenth century has recently been discovered. The tower is two centuries older/ There are extant demises of the manor of Ardleigh, with long lists of the furniture, implements, and live stock, under the dates 8 Edward IV., and 15 Henry V1I. C It may he convenient here to notice that there is another parish of the same name belonging to the dean and chapter. Erdele rejoices in a multiplicity of names: Erleia, Erdelcga, Aerlega, Aerleya, Ardley, Ardleigh, Yerdley, are some of the varying forms. d In 1237 the abbot and convent of St. John’s Colchester e gave the church to the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s and to Roger Niger, or le Noir, Bishop of London, saving to themselves ah annual pension of xiii marks. In the Visitation of 1458 the church is said to be dedicated to St. Nicholas, though Morant says to the Blessed Virgin. The south porch of the church is large and handsomely built with a mixture of free stone and flints. It lies somewhat less than five miles from Colchester, on the road to Harwich/ a Historical MSS. Commission , ix., p. 89 b, No. 1264. b Cussans, 86, 87; Lewis. c Historical MSS. Commission , ix., p. 32 a, Deeds No. 424, No. 426. d To which Morant adds Aerlege, Ardlee, Ardelegh, Ardeleye, Hardley. e Amongst the records of St. Paul’s is a grant by Robert de Rams to the Monastery of St.John of Colchester of the Church of Ardleigh, Arleia. — His- torical MSS. Commission , ix., 34 a. f Newcourt, ii. 10-12; Morant, i. 432-436; Lewis. Erdele Yardley. Erdele. Cadingdon. Kensworth. Drayton. Willesdon. xxii INTRODUCTION, Cadingdon a lies partly in Bedfordshire, mainly in Hertfordshire. Cadington Major and Cadington Minor are two prebends belonging to St. Paul’s. The manor was given to St. Paul’s by Athelstan 926-94 1 ; the churches were given to the dean and chapter by Walter de Constanciis, Bishop of Lincoln about 1184. The parish lies about two miles W. S. W. from Luton. b Kensworth, about two and a half miles N. W. from Market Street, Luton, was given by Edward the Confessor to St. Paul’s. The earliest part of the church dates from about 1150. The capitals of the western pillars exhibit the fable of the Wolf and the Crane on one side, and that of the Eagle and the Hare on the other. 0 Drayton, Willesdon, Chiswick, all in Middlesex, and the church of St. Pancras, complete the long circuit. Drayton was given to the dean and chapter by Athelstan, as is duly set out in Domesday: and in 7 Edward II., the immunity was granted ‘‘ throughout all their manors, that no purveyor of the king’s should take any corn within the precincts of them, among which this of Drayton is named for one.” a In this parish of Willesdon “ there are no less than the corps of eight prebends which belong to the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s, namely Brownswood, Mapesbury, Twyford, Chamberlainwood, Measdon, Wilsdon-Green,” Harleston, Oxgate. The church was granted to St. Paul’s by Athelstan. e In a document of the fourteenth or fifteenth century the parish- ioners of Willesdon complain as to the ruinous condition of the chancel of their church : a Cadindona, Cadindon, Cadington. c Cussans, 96, 97 ; Lewis. c Newcourt, i. 760. b Newcourt, i. 123, 132; Lewis. d Newcourt, i. 596-698. INTRODUCTION. XXlll “ A boy might easily overthrow the walls. Robbers have entered and carried off goods. Mass cannot be celebrated at the High Altar. Owls and crows fly in by day and by night and pollute the church.” a Chiswick, on the banks of the Thames, supplied a prebend to St. Paul’s as early as 1103. u There is a fair house/’ says Newcourt, iC whereunto in the time of any common Plague or Sickness, as also to take the Air in the summer-time, the scholars of Westminster School, do usually withdraw: the mansion house having been let to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster ever since Queen Elizabeth’s reign.” b Of St. Pancras, Norden says that it “ standeth all alone, as utterly forsaken, c old and weather beaten, which, for the antiquity thereof, is thought not to yield to St. Paul’s in London.” The church was given to the cathedral by Canon William de Belmeis, nephew of Richard de Belmeis, Bishop of London : and the grant was confirmed in 1183 by Bishop Gilbert Foliot, Ralph de Diceto was one of the witnesses to the deed of confirmation. 3 Thus by easy stages the visitation is accomplished, and once more the dean and his companions return to their magnificent cathedral. The munificent gifts of Athelstan are set out in the Carta Regis Athelstani de Terris apud Sandon, Rode, Ardeleage, LufFenhale, Bylcham, Wicham, Tidwoldintune, Rumwelle, Eadulfesnesse, Draitune, Berne, Neosdune, et Willesdone, printed by Sir Henry Ellis in his edition of Dugdale. e Ellis has also printed a charter of Edgar concerning the manor of Navestock, a charter of Edward the Confessor u de Octo Mansis a Historical MSS. Commission, ix., 40 a. b Newcourt, i. 588. c Certainly this is not the impression which would be made upon a visitor to the Old St. Pancras of to-day. d Newcourt, i. 704. The original grant is still preserved. — Historical MSS. Commission, ix., p. 38 b, Deed No. 1142. e Dugdale’s History of St. Paul's, 292. . Chiswick. St. Pancras. XXIV INTRODUCTION. The Visita- tions. Fabric . apud Berlings,” a charter of William the Conqueror relating to land at Navestock, together with large extracts from Domesday Book concerning lands belonging to the Cathedral. 3, The subjects of enquiry in the several visitations will be better understood if the constitution of Archbishop Kobert de Winchelsey be borne in mind. The document is of very great importance, and so brief that it may well be printed in extenso , so far at least as relates to those goods and ornaments of the Church which the parishioners themselves were bound to provide. Constitutio Dominorum Eoberti de Winchelsey et W. A rchiep is cop o rum Cantucudensium, quid parochiani invenire debent et quid rectores. 1305. b Parochiani teneantur invenire omnia inferius annotata viz.: legendam, antiphonare, gradale, psalterium, troparium, ordinale, missale, calicem, vestimentum principale, cum casula, Dalmatica tunica, et cum cappa in choro, cum omnibus suis appendiciis : frontale ad magnum altare, cum tribus tuellis, tria superpellicia, vnum rochetum, crucem processionalem, crucem pro mortuis, thuribulum, lucernam, tintinnabulum ad deferendum coram Corpore Christi in visitatione infirmorum, pyxidem pro Corpore Christi honestam, velum quadragesimale, vexilla pro rogationibus, campanas cum chordis, feretrum pro defunctis, vas pro aqua benedicta, osculatorium, candelabrum pro cereo paschali, fontem cum serura, imagines in ecclesia, imaginem principalem in cancello, clausuram coe- meterii, reparationem navis ecclesise interius et exterius, tarn in imaginibus, quam in fenestris vitreis, reparationem librorum et vestimentorum, quandocunque contigerit eadem reparationibus indigere. In the first place the visitors examined the fabric of the Church, and the condition of the burial-ground. As regards the fabric of the church, the enquiries are minute and searching. The walls, doors, porches, windows, roof, ceilings, the chapels annexed to the main building, and the junction between a Dugdale’s History of St. PavVs 293, 296, 297, 298-302, b Wilkins’ Concilia , ii. 280. Lyndwood, Provinciate , 251, attributes this Con- stitution to Archbishop Winchelsey only. There was no Archbishop of Canterbury before 1305 hearing a Christian name of which W. was the initial letter, except William de Corheuil in 1123. INTRODUCTION. XXV the chancel and the nave, are carefully; examined. And, indeed, there was ample justification for the visitation. At Navestock, the windows required to be glazed and to be more strongly barred ; at Pelham Arsa, the church is thatched, and the doors, locks, and bars are in bad order. At Wickham, Belchamp, Pelham Arsa, and Twyford, it is found that the church is not consecrated ; whilst at St. Pancras, the persons examined do not know whether the church is consecrated or not. a The church tower at Aldebury was of wood; at Wickham, the Tower - bell tower was ruinous and without a roof ; at Pelham Arsa, the tower was in a weak state, without a roof, and the bell ropes in bad order. Of bells, there were two at Navestock, one of these is in 1458 Bells, called the Sanctus Belle ; three at Heybridge, but one had lost its baterellum or clapper ; three at Tillingham ; at Twyford, two bells were hanging on the elms. At Westlee, then in a ruinous condi- tion, 15 there was no tower, neither were there any bells, nor were the windows in the nave glazed. In general, the bell ropes were also examined and the bells were said to be sufficienter cordati , or the reverse. After the fabric of the church, the churchyard, with its walls Churchyar and gates, receives special notice. At Pelham Arsa, the enclosure is defective on all sides, ingress is easy, and, in consequence, the churchyard is unclean, in addition to this, it is not consecrated. At St. Pancras, and elsewhere, beasts are pastured in the enclosure, and the churchyard is rendered foul. And again, in another parish, the walls are almost ruinous. The inventories, here printed, are so minute in their details that it is easy to draw up with considerable fulness a list of the furniture a On the consecration of churches, see an important dissertation in Monumenta Iliiudlia Ecclesice Anglicance, second edition, vol. i., chapter 4. b See supra, p. xiv. CAMD. SOC. d Font, XXVI INTRODUCTION. and ornaments of a village church at the close of the thirteenth century. The font first claims attention. Lyndwood a observes upon the order that the font must be of stone or of other proper material, “ lapideum vel aliud competens ” : Aliud : sc. de alia materia congrua et lionesta, tali viz. quae sit solida durabilis, et fortis, ac aquae infusae retentiva. Accordingly the material of which the font is constructed is in most cases mentioned, usually it is of stone ; at Chiswick only it is of marble, baptisterium marmoreum. It is lined with lead at Walton, Belchamp, Aldebury and St. Pancras. It is covered with a pannus de sindone at Willesdon, where, however, the water is fetid. It leaks at St. Pancras and at Westlee. At the last-named place, alone, the font is of wood, baptisterium ligneum. Wooden fonts are of considerable rarity. In the Archaeological Journal b is figured a rude wooden vessel, supposed to have been used as a font, found in a bog near Dinas Mowddwy in Merioneth- shire : and in the descriptive account which accompanies the illus- tration it is stated that the font at Chobham, Surrey, is formed of wood lined with lead. In a note, it is said that there is a plain octagonal oak font at Efenechtyd in Denbighshire. The font was ordered to be kept locked, and hence the condition of the fastenings is usually recorded by the visitors. Lyndwood gives the following reason for this precaution : c 11 ut aqua servetur munda, et ( supple , cum sera claudatur,) ne laicis vel aliis ad aquam ejusdem pateat accessus ad aliqua nefaria exercenda.” A superstitious usage had arisen “ of taking the water in which a a Monumenta Bitualia, i. ccxlvii.; Lyndwood, lib. 3, tit. 24. * Yol. xiii., p. 292. c Lyndwood, lib. 3, tit. 24, Baptisterium habeatur , INTRODUCTION. XXV11 child or other person had been immersed, and carrying it to the house of a diseased person, and either drinking it, or washing a sore therewith, in order to cure or heal the distemper or sores.” a The staples which secured the font cover are still to be seen in many ancient fonts. The ninth of the Constitutions of St. Edmund in 1236, orders, that fontes sub serura clausi teneantur , propter soriilegia ; b and directs that he who neglects this duty shall be suspended from his office for three months and be liable to still heavier punishment if any serious results flow from his want of care. That the water should have become fetid, as at Willesdon, was a grave default, for St. Edmund distinctly orders, 0 “ Aqua vero, in qua baptizatus fuerit puer ultra septem dies in Baptisterio non servetur.” At the entrance of the church was a holy water stoup with a sprinkler, vas ad aquam benedietam cum aspersorio. At St. Pancras there was not only a stoup at the entrance of the church, but also at the entrance of the chancel. These vessels were of stone, wood, brass, tin, or lead ; at Walton and at Westlee a pelvis or bason of lead was in use. In several churches, as at Kirkby, Thorpe, the two Pelhams, Wickham, and Aldbury, a wooden bowl served for this purpose. At Navestock, a brazen vessel. There was besides this fixed stoup a vessel carried in procession with its sprinkler, a small bucket in which the water was put for hallowing, and carried round the church in order to sprinkle the congregation before mass. To sprinkle water which had been hallowed for a longer time than six days was forbidden in divers canons. The Devonshire rebels, in 1549, claim as their right : “ We will have holy bread and water made every Sunday.” d In the Ornatus Ecclesiasticus it is directed that the holy water a Archaeologia, vol. x., p. 222. Mr. Carte’s Observations on Ancient Fonts , b Monwnenta Ritualia, i., ccxlv., see also Wilkins’ Concilia , i., G36. c Lyndwood, lib. 8, tit. 24. d Mon, Rit.y i., cccxi.-cccxiv, cccxxi. Holy water stoup. Altar. XXviii INTRODUCTION. vase at the entrance be cleansed and the water renewed every Sunday . a The altar was frequently of stone. At Thorpe de calce et lapide cum lapide consecrato injuncto in medio. At Barlinge and at Willesdon, of wood ; at Twyford, of marble with a super-altar of boxwood. In many cases the altars were not dedicated or consecrated, as at Thorpe, St. Pancras, the Pelhams, and Belchamp. At Pelham Arsa four altars were not dedicated, hut two super-altars were con- secrated. At Aldbury, three altars not consecrated, one super-altar consecrated. At Wickham and at Ardeley the stone altar was not consecrated, but the super-altar was. At Tillingham there were two stone altars, one consecrated, the other not. At Cadington, a stone altar was not dedicated, and a super-altar was not consecrated. At Belchamp there were two stone altars not consecrated, and one superaltare honestum , whilst in the solar of the nave, at the west end, was an altar of wood. When an altar was not consecrated it was necessary to place upon it a consecrated super- altar, a thin slab of stone, usually in a wooden frame. These were light and portable. They w T ere some- times of great beauty and of artistic workmanship. At York was a super-altar of jasper, set in gold and silver with precious stones. At Glastonbury, a super-altar, u garnished with silver and gilte and parte golae, called the greate saphire of Glasconberye.” At St. Paul’s, in 1295, there were two of jasper, one of which contained relics of SS. Andrew and Philip, SS. Dionysius and Blaise, and a fragment of St. Andrew’s Cross. Dr. Bock h figures a fine example which had belonged to Cardinal Bessarion. It is of oriental jasper, let into a solid piece of oak, and cased in silver, the border elaborately ornamented. It stands on very low silver feet, and the stone a Ornatns Fcclesiasticns , 9. b Dr. Rock, Church of our Fathers , i., 249-263. INTRODUCTION. XXIX measures nine inches long by four and a half broad ; including the border and frame its length is one foot, its width seven and a half inches, its height (including the feet) two inches and a half. It is a work of the twelfth century. Sometimes the dedication of the altar is specially indicated. Thus at Tillingham there were two stone altars, one of which was consecrated in honour of the B.V.M. At Walton there were three altars, one dedicated to the B.V.M., and another to SS. Michael and Nicholas. The altar furniture naturally comes next for consideration. Most churches had two chalices , often one of silver, or of silver parcel gilt, or wholly gilt, and sometimes one of tin. a A tabula depicta loco frontalis is occasionally found. a A remarkable example of the tabida destined for the front of the altar is preserved in Westminster Abbey. It is formed of wood elaborately carved, painted, and enriched with a kind of mosaic work of coloured glass superficially inlaid, a species of decoration which appears to have been of Italian origin .” 13 The writer just quoted goes on to speak of the golden tabula from the High Altar at Basle, silver tabula in the church of Rochester, and other examples. Of altar frontals proper there was a great variety, as will be seen Altar frontals. by the following enumeration : Be pallo, de siclatun, de rubeo syndone cum leonibus de auro, de lineo panno, de dyaper rubeo stragulato cum tuallio consuto eidem, de panno lineo de bestiis consutum, de panno lineo depicto de istoria Sancte Thome, de lineo panno consuto cum floribus et bestiis, de quodam tapeto blueto laneo et lino facto, frontale festivale honestum cum rosis consutis. Many of these frontals were striped : Duo frontalia de panno lineo stragulato de viridi et albo, unum stragulatum de viridi et croceo colore, viride stragulatum de Cambric, a Calix stagneus. b Parker’s Glossary of Architecture. XXX INTRODUCTION. Pix. tie albo panno et rubeo et scudata cum scutulis, stragulatum cum aurifilo et bloico filo, frontale dominicale de sarneta stragulata cum floribus. Amongst the colours here indicated will be observed, green and white, green and yellow, white and red, gold thread and blue. The inventories also enumerate tabulce depictce supra altare , that is, what would now be called altar-pieces. Upon the altar stood a crux parva , so called to distinguish it from the rood ; parva crux super altare cum beata Virgine et Sancto Johanne ejusdem stature. Phialce stagnece , or cruets, sometimes as many as six; a vinageriump probably also a cruet; and a ferrum sculptum ad oblatas, are of frequent occurrence. This last imple- ment was an iron instrument for stamping the altar breads. u Martene found at Braine a pair of very old irons for baking altar breads, and from the woodcut of them which the learned Benedictine has given says Dr. K,ock, b 11 1 make no doubt they are at least of the tenth, even if not of the ninth century. Four breads could be made at a time in them.” The oblatas or ofietes , are the breads. The stamp in early times seems to have been XPU, IHG, or alpha and omega surmounted by a cross. Archbishop Peckham directs that in every parish church a tabernade shall be constructed in which the Eucharist shall be reserved “ non in bursa vel loculo, propter comminutionis periculum, sed in Pyxide pulckerrima lino candidisismo interius adornata; ita quod sine omni diminutionis periculo facile possit extrahi et imponi.” c a At Belchamp this vessel was of wood. b Dr. Rock, Church of our Fathers, i. 149, referring to Martene, Voyage Lift. Partie ii. p. 35. c Lyndwood, lib. 3, tit. '25, De Custodia Fucharistice. INTRODUCTION. XXXI Hence a pix is found in every church, and often more than one. It is of very varied material. Sometimes of wood painted as at Chiswick, lignea depicta ad euJcaristiam ultima altare in qua alia pixis consuta de serico cum lapidibns annexis; sometimes of glass, as at Aldbury, pixis vitrea depicta ; at Pelham Arsa, Cadington, and Wickham, vitrea ad oblatas , though these may have been intended only to contain the unconsecrated ofletes ; frequently of ivory, as at Kirkby, eburnea appensa idtra altare in alia pixide de ligno cum teca ; sometimes, eburnea argento ligata ; of brass, erea ad eukaris - tiam cum tabernaculo competenti sub serrura ; or of copper, pixis de cupro ; of enamel, de aymallo cum catena de argento appensa sub papilione et serrura; and of silver with a canopy, de argento cum papilione as at Thorpe. The pix of wood was sometimes used, as has been said, for the ofletes, pixis vitrea et ij pixides lignee ad oblatas , at Drayton ; but sometimes also for the Eucharist itself, pixis lignea ad euJcaristiam, pixis lignea pendens ultra altare sub papilione et serrura at Wickham. The canopies over the pix and its wrapping cloths are frequently described ; pixis de ligno syndone coopertum, at Sandon ; pixis depicta cum bursa de serico ; pixis cum pera ad eukaristiam pro infirmis ; pixis eburnea cum teca et serrura ultra altare. Item una pixis de argento cum pera ad deferendum eukaristiam ; pixis consuta de serico cum teca de corio ad eukaristiam ad infirmos. Frequently the pix hung above the altar. In M. Auguste Terninck’s Essai Historique et Monographique sur Vancienne Cathedrale d' Arras, a remarkably fine example of the suspended Chrisma- torium. xxxii INTRODUCTION. pix is figured and described. a A view is given of the maitre autel of the cathedral: behind the altar rises a lofty gothic pillar, adorned with statues, and surmounted by a rood. Three angels, holding chalices, catch the sacred drops which fall from the pierced hands and feet of the Crucified. A highly ornamented bracket juts out from the front of the pillar; attached to which an angel, flying downwards, holds the pix ; “ un ange d’or le soutenait, et le pretre pouvait l’elever ou Pabaisser a son gre.” In the Transactions of the St. Paul’s Ecclesiological Society b an illustration taken from the Ccerimoniale Parisiense exhibits an altar with a pix in the form of a dove hanging over it suspended from a fine bracket apparently of wrought iron, the bracket itself supported by an angel. This is the pixis pendens ultra altare of the Visita- tions. A case was frequently provided to contain the pix when the Eucharist and the consecrated oil were carried to the sick and infirm. And here may well be mentioned the chris matorium : crismatorium cum oleo sancto et crismate sub s err ur a et aliud crismatorium cum oleo injirmorum , as at Ivirkby. These also were of various materials, sometimes of wood, sometimes of pewter or of bronze. Crismatorium de stag no sub serrura pro crismate et oleo , item aliud crismatorium ligneum sine serrura cum oleo infirmorum , as at Thorpe. Attached were subscriptiones , or inscriptions designating the kind of oil contained in the chrismatory. c The vessel was kept locked. a See plate 10. D’apres un tableau de la Cathedrale et les Annales Archeo- logiques de M. Didron ; and the full account in the text, pp. 47-49. b Yol. iii., part iv., p. 197. The edition of the Cceremoniale is that of Paris, 1703, p. 25. c Very curious details concerning the Oil or Unguent used at coronations are given in The Manner of the Coronation of Xing Charles I. (Henry Bradshaw Society), xx. xxiii., 3, 4. At the latter reference a Recipe for the ointment will be found. INTRODUCTION. XXXlil Mr. Maskell’s exhaustive essay on Unction a renders it quite unnecessary to discuss the matter here. An archdeacon of the diocese of Salisbury about the end of the fifteenth century directs: “Also ye shall inqwyre whether your chrismatory be under lokke and key, and if it be not ye shall presente it.” b Of miscellaneous altar furniture mention may be made of carpets : Tapetum coram altari de lanno et lineo, tapetum rubeum ante altare. Of curtains : Cortinium ultra altare de canabo, custodie ad altare de albo panno. Of veils: Velamen ultra sacrarium de bordis, velamen ultra altare de panno lineo. Of candelabra and the like ornaments there are many varieties: the ordinary candelabra of pewter or even of wood, as at Pelham Furneaux; the great candelabrum paschale occasionally with its capsa or case ; c the rotundale (as at Thorpe); ceroferaria , some- times of pewter, but at Chiswick there were two of copper cum leonibus supportantibus , luminare , lucerna , absconsa,sconsa. Ducangc defines the sconsa to be a coeca lanterna or dark lantern ; but Baret in 1580 says that it is a “ little lanterne,” and Halliwell adds that u in the north of England the name is given to a kind of candlestick with a tin back to be hung against a wall ” ^sometimes the sconsa is of copper, as at Pelham Furneaux; sometimes it is only said to ha picta. Candela , cerei processionales and torticia are of course, enumerated. Of all these it is only necessary to speak in detail of a Mon. Hit., i., cclxix.-ccxciii. b Fasti Ecclesicc Sarum, 130. c Capsa, area, theca, cista, ubi'aliquid reponitur. — Ducange. CAMD. soc. e Candelabi Paschal candlestick. XXXIV INTRODUCTION. two : the candelabrum paschale, for the purpose of holding the great paschal candle, (the ritual connected with it is found in full detail in Dr. Dock’s Church of our Fathers a ) ; and the rotundale or rotellum, the 2*owel light, so called because the chandelier sup- porting it was wheel-shaped . The paschal candlestick, placed on the Gospel side of the choir, held a very large wax taper, lighted during mass and vespers from Holy Saturday till Ascension Day. These candlesticks were often of enormous size. At Durham u There was a goodly monument pertaininge to the church called the Pascall, which was wont to be settupp in the quire, and there to remain from the Thursday called Maundye Thursday before Easter, untill Wednesday after the Assention Day, that did stand uppon a foure square thick planke of wood against the first grees or stepp, hard behind the three basons of silver that hung before the high altar. In the midst of the said greese is a nick wherein one of the corners of the said planke was placed, and at every corner of the planke was an iron ringe, whereunto the feete of the Pascall were adjoyned, representinge the pictures of foure flyinge dragons [att each corner one,] as also the pictures of the four Evangelists [with six faire candlesticks for six tapers to stand in] above the top of the dragons, underneath the nether-most bosse, all supportinge the whole pascall; and in the four quarters have • beene foure christall stones, and in the four small dragons four heads four christall stones, as by the holes doth appeare, and on everye side of the four dragons there is curious antick worke, as beasts and men, uppon horsbacks, with bucklers, bowes and shafts, and knotts, with broad leaves spred uppon the knotts, very finely wrought, all beinge of most fine and curious candlestick mettal [or latten mettal glistering as the gold it self, having six candlesticks or flowers of candlestick mettall] cominge from it, three of everye side, whereon did stand in everye of the said flowers or candle- stick a taper of wax. And on the height of the said candle- a Yol iii., part ii., 98-102, INTRODUCTION. XXXV stick or Pascall of lattine was a faire large flower, beinge the principall flower; which was the seventh candlestick. The Pascall in latitude did containe almost the bredth of the Quire, in longitude that did extend to the height of the [lower] vault, wherein did stand a long peece of wood reachinge within a mans length [height] to the upper most vault roofe of the church, wheron stood a great long square taper of wax called the Pascall, a fine conveyance through the roofe of the church to light the taper with all. In conclusion the Pascall was estimated to bee one of the rarest monu- ments in England. ” a The length of this extract will probably be excused if it is remem- bered that a full description of such an object in an English church is very rarely to be met with. At Coutances the candle was lit from the clerestory. At St. John Lateran, the candle was so lofty that a deacon was wheeled in a portable pulpit to light it. A cross was traced upon the paschal candle, and five grains of incense were affixed to the centre and extremities of the cross. The paschal table was originally inscribed upon the candle, but subsequently was written upon parchment and fastened to it. This tabula 'paschalis contained a series of important events in the history of the world, with their dates. De Moleon, in his Voyages Liturgiques prints the tabula 'paschalis in use at Rouen in the year 1697. It is a lengthy document, giving the dates of the Creation, the Deluge, the Incarnation and Passion of the Redeemer, the Nativity and Assumption of the B.Y.M., the year of the Indiction, of the Solar and Lunar Cycles, and of many events in the history of France, and especially in the history of Rouen Cathedral. Mr. Pugin states that very few of these gigantic candlesticks have been preserved to the present time : “in England they were a Rites of Durham, 8, 9. The words in square brackets are various readings from MS. Hunter, 45, described in the Preface (Surtees Society), Serpens . XXXVI INTRODUCTION. all melted and sold in the sixteenth century for the sake of the metal of which they were composed.” The French Revolution was equally destructive. The finest remaining example of a paschal candlestick is at the church of Lean in Belgium ; it is of moderate dimensions, about eighteen feet in height, and is figured in the Glossary . a In the Consuetudinary of the Canons Regular of St. Victor of Paris, the work of writing the document affixed to the paschal candle finds special mention amongst the duties of the cantor’s office . 13 In connection with the paschal light, must be mentioned an instrument which is named in only one of the Inventories, that of Heybridge : una lingua serpentina cum virolis et parvo baculo de argento , an object of somewhat rare occurrence. Ducange supplies a valuable note : “ Diachonus qui benedicturus est incensum et cereum paschale indutus bono vestimento parato cum stola et manipulo et cum tunica deaurata, unacum pueris portantibus candelabrum et turribulum et Serpentem et lantern am cum candela accensa portat librum. Subdiachonus portat serpentem.” c In early rituals, the taper by which the paschal candle was lighted was ordered to be twisted round the end of the rod, in modum serpentis : this gave rise at a subsequent period to the introduction of a serpent or monster carried with the taper affixed to the mouth. Mr. Mackenzie Walcott says d that “ at Paris, Rouen, Laon, and a The above note on the Paschal Candlestick is condensed from a long and important article in Pugin’s Glossary. b Martene De Antiquis Ecclesice Ritibus, iii., p. 253. c Ducange, sub yoc. Serpens; quoting Ceremoniale M.S . , B. M. Deauratce Tolas. d Walcott, Sacred Archaeology , under Rogation Days, INTRODUCTION. XXXV11 in Provence, they carried two serpents in Rogations, but the accidents which resulted from placing fusees in the eyes and between the jaws of the monsters led to their disuse. The procession with the dragon was observed in Dublin.” The implement at Heybridge seems to have been only a rod or staff with ferules. Of more special lights, mention is made, such as the luminare ad altare , luminare coram Cruce in Cancello , lampas ardens in Cancello, luminare Virginis , lumen bead Egidii, or unus cereus ardens in Cancello ad omnes horas aliis cereis non ardentibus. (Pelham Furneaux.) The charges of the various lights were defrayed by the parishioners Payments for according to a fixed scale of payment (with, however, certain slight variations) in relation to the stock which they maintained upon their land. A tenant, for example, habet unam vaccam et debet xijd. per annum. ,, ovem matricem ,, ijd. ,, ,, ovem castricem ,, jd. ,, ,, unum suem ,, ijd. ,, At Kirkby the vicar has seven acres of arable land for which he finds two processional tapers. Very detailed accounts of these arrangements are given at Tillingham and at Thorpe. a Of bells, in addition to those hanging in the tow T er, there were Bells, small hand bells, campanule pro mortuis , campanule manuales , tintinnabula , for use in funeral processions and at the mass. Each church had its processional cross, often of wood, crux Processional processionalis lignea cum baculo depicto , crux lignea portatilis ad Cross * infirmcs et iij alie cruces ejusdem forme , crux lignea portatilis cum cluabus ymaginibus sancti Martini et sancte Katerine ; sometimes of enamel, crux de aymallo cum lapidibus injunctis et vexillo , una crux de aymallo cum rubeo vexillo de syndone; sometimes of bronze, a See pp. 15, 10, 30-33, infra. Funerals. XXXviii INTRODUCTION. de auricolco (St. Pancras); and, rarely, of more precious material, cum platis de argenio , or, crux processionalis undique operta laminis argenteis cum parva iconia lapidea item pomello cupreo deaurato (as at Chiswick). A burial cross is also mentioned, crux portatilis coram mortuis. The funeral pall is usually described as tapetum de mortuis , or tapetum pro pauperibus mortuis; it is sometimes de aresto , or de rubeo sameto; sometimes there is only unus pannus de polio pro mortuis pauperibus. The hearse, hercia; the bier, feretrum; are duly enumerated. At Wickham, there were ij feretra. At Navestock a sum of sixpence was paid to the vicar that he might find candles ad herciam cum treniis Jeremice, which may possibly mean a hearse cloth embroidered with texts from the Book of the Lamentations. The following extract from the Provincial Constitutions of St. Edmund throws light on the method of procedure in carrying the Holy Eucharist to the sick : the lantern, the processional cross, the hand bells, and the vas argenteum vel stanneum all find their proper place. Constitution es Provinciates St. Edmundi Cantuariensis Archiepiscopi circa annum 1236 ut videtur editae. a § xxv. De veneratione Eacharistiae portatae ad injirmum. His addimus, quod, cum Eucharistia ad aegrum fuerit deferenda, habeat sacerdos aliquam pixidem mundam et honestam, in qua sit pannus lineus mundissimus, et in ea deferat Corpus Dominicum ad aegrotum, linteo mundo superposito, et lucerna praecedente, nisi aeger valde remotus fuerit, et cruce similiter, si fieri potest, nisi crux fuerit ad alium aegrotum deportata; praecedente quoque tintinnabulo, ad cujus sonitum excitetur devotio fidelium ; habeat quoque secum - sacerdos orarium sive stolam, quando cum Eucharistia, sicut diximus, vadit ad aegrotum. Et si aeger remotus non fuerit, in superpellicio decenter ad a Wilkins’ Concilia, i., 637. INTRODUCTION. xxxix ipsum accedat. Habeatque vas argenteum, sive stanneum, ad hoc specialiter deputatum, quod semper ad aegrotum secum deferat, ut in eo aegro dare valeat, post sumptam Encharistiam, suorum loturam digitorum. The rood was probably found in every church. It is specially described at Willesdon, crux magna cum ymaginibus super trabern juxta cancellum de Beata Virgine et Beato Johanne Evangelista. Banners, vexilla , are found in many places. At Tillingham there were five vexilla. Of miscellaneous furniture may be mentioned scales , or ladders, of which there were usually two,^' scala magna et j parva scala pro cereis illuminandis. No mention is made of seats for the people, but only of seats and desks for the clergy. There are sedilia cum formis congruentibus , cathedra minisiri altaris , cathedrcs ministrorum altaris distinctce , whilst at Chiswick there are j descha et ij lectrina. Elsewhere j sella occurs. The lectern with its hangings seems to have been an object of some importance. At Thorpe is found j ymago depicta pro lectrino in medio Cancelli. At Pelham Furneaux, pannus ad lectrinum de line o p anno depicto item alius pannus de dyapro rubeo slragulato. Elsewhere, ij coopertoria lectrini de panno Uni stragulato. At Belchamp only is noted the occurrence of a wardrobe, j armariolum cum serrura. Of chests and cases a considerable variety. Cist a repositoria , capsa j philateria , teca de pallo or de serico consuto , scrinia parva facta de coreo cum reliquiis. Of metal objects, the censer, turribulum , claims earliest mention, with its associated instrumental the navis or navicula , the incense boat, with its cocleare or spoon. Turribulum eneum bene catenatum ; navicula ad incensnm de stagno ; navicula de cupro ad incensum deaurato et aymellato cum cocleari de stagno ; of very unusual material, there was at Thorpe navis ad incensum de lignis cum cocleari . Rood. Banners. Furniture. Lectern. Chests and cases. Censer. xl INTRODUCTION. Pelves. Pitcher. Osculatorium or pax. Pecten . A vasculum ad carbones in hyeme completed this part of the equipment. Basons there were, pelves , of tin, lead, or copper gilt and enamelled. In one place a pitcher of tin, picher stagneus ad aquam. At Navestock were six phialce de stagno. In another inventory an olla vitrea is included. The osculatorium. or pax, or paxbread, is found in every church ; frequently there were two in the same church. At St. Fancras there was an osculatorium ligneum. cum laminibus cupreis cleauratis cum lapide marmoris jixo in medio. Elsewhere, ij osculatoria depicta. At AVillesdon it is ordered that the osculatorium be painted. The pax was a tablet, sometimes of wood, sometimes of latten, sometimes of more precious materials, which was kissed by the celebrant after the Agnus Dei, and then offered by the server to the clerks and to the congregation to be kissed. a Mr. Mackenzie Walcott, in his Sacred Arcliceology , states that there is a pax of silver gilt of the date of Henry IV. at New College, Oxford, engraved with the crucifix ; and another enamelled with jewels of the fifteenth century at Arezzo. In an illustration in Dr. Rock’s Church of our Fathers the pax may be seen standing upon the north-west corner of the altar. b Two early examples of English workmanship, are figured in Dr. Lee’s Glossary , together with a fine design from the skilled hand of Pugin. c The pecten or comb is usually of ivory, eburneum , but occasionally of wood, de ligno, as at Aldebury, Drayton, and Tillingham. “ The comb of ivory or metal with which the first tonsure was made, and the hair was arranged in the sacristy, is sometimes a At the cathedral at Arras in October, 1891, the present writer saw the Kiss of Peace passed amongst the seminary students from cheek to cheek by actual osculation. b Vol. iii., part ii., p. 162. c See articles Osculatorium and Pax. INTRODUCTION. xli found in the graves of mediaeval priests. That of St. Cuthbert pre- served at Durham, is of ivory and that of St. Loup, of the twelfth century, at Sens. The latter is jewelled and has symbolical animals.” a The treasury of St. Paul’s Cathedral contained, in 124 u sex pectines ehurnei , ires spissi et magni , tres tenues et usuale s, et quatuor pectines de novo.” In addition to these there was also a silver comb, “ pecten argenleus in medio deauratus cum gravatura dentibus albis , ponderat ix s .” In the OJicium Ecclesiasticum A bbatum secundum usum Evesha - mensis Monasterii , lately issued by the Henry Bradshaw Society, in the Rubric De preparatione Abbatis ad uesperas , amongst the instrumenta required to be laid out in the vestry are “ aqua etiam in bacinis argenteis, et manitergium, pecten, et mitra, cerotice et baculus.” And it is ordered that “ Abbas uero pectinato capite et lotis manibus in uestiario,” shall vest himself in alb, cope, mitre, gloves, ring and staff. Upon which the editor remarks that “ the ritual use of the comb seems to have formed part of the ceremonial washing in the case of all English prelates. Its use by bishops as late as the sixteenth century is attested by the Pontifical of Christopher Bainbridge. 0 The comb was used also by the king at his coronation ; Charles I., as appears from a note of Archbishop Laucl, d u caled to see y e combe and vsed it.” e In the Pontificale Romanum, in the office for the consecration of a bishop, in the long list of necessaries to be provided are the “ annulus cum gemma benedicendus, et electo tradendus, pecten eburneum,” f &c. After the consecration, the newly made bishop a Walcott, Sacred Arcueeology. b See Arcliceologia, vol. 50. On Two Inventories of St. Paul's Cathedral in 1245 and 1402. c Surtees Society , vol. 61, p. 3. d Coronation of King Charles I. (Bradshaw Society), p. 35 e Liber Eveshamensis , col. 1, and p. 172. f Pontificale Romanum , fo. Venice, 1561, fo. 23, fo. 31. CAMD. SOC. / xlii INTRODUCTION. Fan. Organs. Relics. “redit ad capellam suam, vbi abstergitur ei caput cum medulla panis et cum panno mundo, deinde cum pectine mundatur et complanantur capilli.” The fan, muscularium , muscatorium , or flabellum , seems to have been frequently formed of peacock’s feathers. It was the duty of the deacon at high mass in summer time to drive away with this instrument any flies which might annoy the celebrant, or intrude their unwelcome presence into the chalice. Dr. Rock figures three examples of the flabellum , a and Dr. Lee engraves a single specimen with a very delicate ivory handle with a silken fan. b At only two churches, Heybridge and Kirkby, is a par organum to be found. Of relics, and the cases in which they were contained, mention is occasionally made. At Twyford are some relics of considerable interest : the capucium of St. Diehard, Bishop of Chichester, fringed with miniver, his bursa de aurifrisio , in which are contained many relics not specified in detail, and his rochet. Richard of Wych, Bishop of Chichester from 1245 to 1253, was a remarkable person, and one who had honour even in his own country : for at Droitwich, his birthplace, the peasantry down to the time of the great rebellion were wont to keep his festival by decking with boughs and flowers St. Richards Well. The decking of the well is said to have been prohibited by the Puritans “as a popish abomination, after which the water ‘ shranke up/ where- upon the people in defiance of Parliament revived the custom, and the water, so men said, began to flow again.” The story of his youthful poverty is curious enough : it is said that he and two companions, at Oxford, had but one warm tunic and one hooded gown amongst them in which they attended lectures by turns. As bishop, he spent all that he had upon the poor. u Your alms exceed your income,” said his steward. “ Then sell my plate and a Church of our Fathers, vol. iii ., part ii., p. 198. b Glossary , art. Flabellum. INTRODUCTION. xliii horse/ 5 was the prompt reply. He complied statutes a for the organisation of the church in his diocese, a copy of which was to be in the hands of each of his clergy. Here are some of the pro- visions : Married clergy to be deprived. Vicars to hold only one cure. Creed and Lord’s Prayer to be taught in the Vulgar tongue. Priests to celebrate in clean robes, and to use a chalice of gold or silver, “ argento vel auro et integro,” thoroughly clean corporals, and at least two consecrated palls to be placed on the altar. When the sacrament was carried to the sick it was to be enclosed in a pyx, the priest to be preceded by a cross, candle, holy water, and bell. Priests who clipped or slurred the words from over haste were to be suspended. Names of excommunicated persons were to be read in the parish churches four times a year; such as false informers, incendiaries, usurers, and obstructors of the execution of wills. Bishop Wyeh preached the crusade from place to place along the southern coast, but the toil was too great for his strength, and he died at Dover. It is recorded that the horse-hair shirt found upon his body was clasped with iron bands to increase the irritation and incon- venience. His shrine at Chichester was long one of the great shrines of southern England. It was destroyed in 1538 , and by order of Thomas Cromwell all its ornaments, with u all other relicks, sylver, gold, all jewels belonging to the seid shrine/ 5 were to be “safely and surely conveyed into oure Tower of London.” The shrine, and the place where it was kept, to be destroyed, even to the grounds The “ Canonizatio S. Richardi Episcopi Cicestrensis in Anglia, ejusque relatio in numerum sanctorum confessorum, cum institutione suae festivitatis pro die 3 mensis Aprilis,” in 1260 , by Urban IV., is printed by Wilkins. 0 a Printed in Wilkins’ Concilia , i., 688-694. The date of these statutes is 1246. b The last two paragraphs are condensed from the Rev. W. R. W. Stephens' Memorials of the South Saxon See and Cathedral Church (f Chichester , 8vo. Lond., 1876, pp. 83-93, 213, 214. c Concilia, i., 743-746. xliv INTRODUCTION. Vestimenta. Every church had, of course, its Vestimentum ; the term includes the complete set of eucharistic vestments, chasuble, amice, stole, and maniple. It is sometimes even more comprehensive, as in the will of Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter, who died in 1 426 : a “ Item lego eidem ecclesie unum vestimentum integrum rubei coloris melius quod habeo de panno velveto aureo, id est unam casulam cum ij dalmaticis, iij albis, iij amictis, ij stolis, iij manipulis, ij torvaillis cum toto ornamento pro altare.” An authoritative definition of the Vestimentum is found in the Constitutiones Provinciales Eboracenses per Dominum Walterwn Gray, quondam arcliiepiscopum Eboracensem. h Vestimentum ipsius ecclesiae principale, viz., casula, alba munda, amictus, stola, manipulus, zona, cum tribus tuellis, corporalia, et alia vestimenta pro diacono honesta, juxta facultates parochianorum et ecclesiae cum cappa serica principali, pro principalibus festis, et cum duabus aliis, pro choris regendis in festis supradictis. These are to he provided by the parishioners. There was usually the vestimentum principale, the vestimentum dominicale , and the vestimentum feriale. Lyndwood, or rather John de Athona, in his ££ profundissimis annotationibus ” upon the Provinciate, c gives very copious notes upon the vestments required to be provided by Archbishop Winchelsey’s Constitution. The dalmatic, he is careful to explain, is a vestment worn both by priest and deacon : it is so called because primo in Dalmatica regione contexta est. Casula is the same as planeta : and it is so called quia ad instar parvce casse totum hominem tegit, secundum Januensem. a Nichols’ Royal Wills, quoted in Dr. Lee’s Glossary. b Constitutio haec Bonifacio Archiepiscopo Cantuar. ascribitur in MS. Regio, ix., B. 2 ; Wilkins’ Concilia, i., 698. c Edition 1679, p. 253. INTRODUCTION. xlv The tunic is a most ancient garment, and its name tunica quasi tonica , quia in motu incedentis sonum facit. Similarly capa, quia totum hominem capiat. The three surplices are for the priest, deacon, and subdeacon. The rochet differs from the surplice in that the surplice has hanging sleeves, but the rochet has tight sleeves, and is convenient for use in baptism where the sleeves might hinder the arms of the ministrant. The last note is more valuable than the derivations, of which it is enough to say valeant quantum valeant. The casula or chasuble was made of varied materials, some very costly, some inexpensive, as the wealth or poverty of the parish or of the donor might suggest. It is frequently de pallo , de pallo cum bendis de aurifrisio , de pallo stragulato de opere saraceno cum lapidibus consuto , de pallo aurifrisio , benedict a : de pallo dupplicato benedict a aurifrisio. Sometimes of samit, de alba samitta cum bendis de aufrisio , de rubeo sameto bendata aurifrisio , de virido sameto stragulato , crocea de samitto , de rubeo samitto, de samitto croceo cum bendis de aurifrisio. Sometimes, de boJceram , de fusteyn [casula rubea de fusteyn), de siclatoun , de sindone crocei coloris frectato de aurifrisio , de rubeo syndone , or de cotoun texto. The choir cope, cappa chori, was equally varied in its material. Cappa chor It is found de pallo frettato aurifilo, de pallo de fregis de aurifrisio, de baudekyn bendata de largo aurifrisio cum lamine de auro , de baudekyno cum largo aurifrisio , de nigro sendaco , de sindone cum bendis , stragulata de panno Rome. The dalmatic or tunica at Twyford was formed of green silk. Dalmatic. A good example of the dalmatic is figured in Dr. Lee’s Glossary. At Twyford the maniple is called by its English name, fanoun. Surplices, super pellicia, are found everywhere, iij svffciencia et ij Surplices. debilia , ij superpellicia, majora et ij minora. The rochet, a frock of fine lawn with tight sleeves ; and the alb, a not dissimilar vest- xlvi INTRODUCTION. Pannus sponsalicius. ment, though in the case of high dignitaries it was sometimes made of silk, satin, or damask, the sleeve border and tlie lower edge of the garment ornamented with embroidery. In the ancient Sarum use, the alb is always worn at mass, not only by the priest, deacon, and sub-deacon, but by others employed at the altar. The 66 white albe plain - ” is retained in the First Prayer Book of Edward VL a Of cloths, towels, and the like, there is a great variety: pallce , pallce dedicatee , vij police benedictce et vij pallce non benedictce , manutergia , abstersoria , linthiamina , iiij paria corporalium cum iiij teciSj tuallia , pannus offertorius adpatenam , pannus sponsalicius albi col oris. The pannus sponsalicius was a cloth or veil held by the four corners, as a sort of canopy over the heads of a newly married couple. In the marriage office in the Manuale ad Usum Sarum . after the actual marriage, and the recitation of the prayer, Aclesto, Domine, supplicationibus nostris , is found the following Rubric : “ Post Sanctus prosternant se sponsus et sponsa in oratione ad gradum Altaris extenso super eos pallio quod teneant quattuor clerici per quattuor cornua in superpelliciis, nisi alter eorum prius fuerit desponsatns et benedictus : quia tunc non habeatur pallium super eos, nee dicatur sacra- mentalis benedictio, ut postea patebit. Deinde dicto Per omnia secula seculorum. Amen. Post Pater noster. Antequam dicitur Pax Domini sit semper vobiscum. Facta fractione eucharistie more solito: dimissaque hostia in tribus fractionibus super patenam dicat sacerdos conversus ad illos orationes sequentes sub tono lectionis : illis interim genuflectentibus sub pallio.” b The pannus sponsalicius is found in the English Pre-Reformation books of Sarum, York, Hereford, Exeter, Westminster, and Evesham. The veil or canopy was held over the heads of the newly married couple by clerks in surplices : (( four, according to Sarum and a See Dr. Lee’s Glossary. b Manuale ad usum insignis Ecclesie Sarum , 4to., Rothomagi, fo. liiij. INTRODUCTION. xlvii Exeter ; two, according to York; while at Hereford four clerks hold the veil over their backs. At Lyre the veil was held by four persons, at Lyons and Soi'ssons in modem times by two persons only.’ 7 So says Dr. Wickham Legg, a who gives a curious French print of a marriage, between 1815 and 1820. The bride and bride- groom are kneeling at a prie-dieu, a child, perched on a chair on which he is supported by a woman, holds one side of the veil, which is sustained so far as regards the other side by another child supported by a man. The officiating priest holds an office book in his left hand, whilst with the right, extended over the veil, he blesses the bridal pair. The wedding party, the men in dress coats, are seen in the back ground : two acolytes, and the Suisse with his halbert complete the group. The panmis offertorius was a “sort of scarf, commonly about ten feet in length and two feet and a half broad, made of the same kind of silk as the other vestments, and, like them, it had its borders hemmed with gold lace.” 5 It was worn by the Sub Deacon at mass. An etching showing this veil in use is given in Dock’s Church of our Fathers from a thirteenth century missal at Rouen. 0 The Lenten veil, velum quadragesimale , is found with great variety of material, colour, and ornamentation. It is stragulalum, stragulatum de panno lineo 7 de canabo 7 de panno lineo stragulato albo 7 blueto cum rosis , de alho panno lineo cum nigris crucibus , consutum cum hestiis de lineo panno , cum rubeis crucibus. “ On the first Monday in Lent all the crucifixes, as well as the large one in the rood loft, images of every kind, the reliquaries, and even the cup with the Blessed Eucharist hanging over the High Altar were all covered up.” d a Transactions of the St. Paul's Fcclesiological Society, vol. iii., part iv., pp. 169, 170. b Dr. Rock, Church of our Fathers, vol. i., pp. 402-409. c Seethe frontispiece to vol. iii., part ii. d Dr. Rock, Church of our Fathers, vol. iii., part ii., pp. 221-3. Pannus offertorius. Velum quad- ragesimale. xlviii INTRODUCTION. For this purpose the velamina imaginum in Quadragesima of the inventories were required. Other veils, or possibly veils for the same uses, are described as velam'na ultra sacrarium et altar e, velamen ultra altar e de quodam tapeto , cortinum ultra altar e de panno lineo. The lenten veil hung between the people in the nave and the chancel. Reference has already been made in these pages to a scarce book, the Ornatus Ecclesiasticus a of Jacobus Muller, vicar apostolic of the diocese of Ratisbon. The volume gives minute directions as to the furniture and ornaments of parish churches, and is illustrated copiously by woodcuts in which the forms of the vessels then in use are very clearly portrayed. The details about the veils, whether of the tabernacle, or of the chalice, are worthy of notice here. The velum tabernaculi : The tabernacle is to be covered conopeo seu tentorio of silk, the colours of which are usually white, red, or green. The tabernacle itself is to be lined with silk, quod carmesinum vocant. The pix containing the Eucharist had also its own tentoriolum in the form of a little pall or small cope, pluvialis. This canopy should be of silk embroidered with gold or silver thread : in wealthy churches, it should be adorned with pearls or gems; in poor churches, of silk of any colour except black. When the sacrament is carried to the sick, the pix is placed in a silken bag, red or green in colour. The bottom of the bag is round, not square, so that it may hold the pix more steadily. Strings enable the mouth of the bag, sacculus , to be tightly closed. A longer and stronger cord passes round the neck of the priest, from which the bag hangs suspended. The priest will hold the bag in his hand, as he proceeds to the sick man’s house, so as to prevent any rough motion. a A small quarto volume, in Latin and German, published at Munich in 159], pp. 48-52. INTRODUCTION. xlix When the holy oil is carried, it is borne in another bag similar to that just described, but lined with white cloth, tela ; or with thin and white shin, corio ; which, if soiled, can be renewed at small cost. If extreme unction and the holy eucharist are both to be administered, the priest may place this smaller bag in the larger in which the pix is carried. The vessel for the oil of the catechumens is called pyxis in the Ornatus , but crismatorium in the Inventories. That which contains the oil for the sick should be, says the Ornatus , a silver vessel about three inches high, and of such width that the priest’s thumb can easily be inserted and withdrawn. The vessel for the holy chrism should be of the same form and material as the last. The three vessels are to be distinguished from each other by letters engraved upon them : 0. I. Oleum Infirmorum. 0. C. Oleum Catechumenorum. S. C. Sacrum Chrisma. The pix, of turned wood, for the larger hosts, should be four inches high. Upon the hosts a round piece of lead is placed, wrapped in silk or cloth. The ciborium, or pix in which the host is preserved in the tabernacle is not to be taken out of the church. It is pyramidal in form, surmounted by a cross, and with a figure of the Redeemer. It may be lined with a corporal sewn together in the form of a pix. These regulations belong indeed to a foreign diocese, and to a late period, the close of the sixteenth century, but yet they cast a good deal of light upon the vessels and practices of the English use. CAMD. SOC. 9 1 INTRODUCTION. books. In 1250 Archbishop Gray framed a Constitution for the province of York, in which he ordains that parishioners are bound to furnish and keep in repair the following books for the use of each church : “ legenda, antiphonare, gradale, psalterium, troparium, ordinale, missale, manuale.” In 1305 Archbishop Winchelsey of Canterbury put forth a similar constitution, in which the same books are enum- erated in the same order. 8, John de Athona, b gives some lengthy notes in which he defines the exact nature of some of the ritual books ordered by Archbishop Winchelsey. The Legenda is the book in which are written the lessons to be said in the matin offices, and he describes at great length the sources from which these lessons are taken. The Gradate^ contains the office for the aspersion of holy water, the beginnings of masses, offices, kyrie, gloria in excelsis, gradalia, halleluja, tractus, sequentise, symbolum cantandum in missa, offertoria, sanctus, agnus, com- munio, &c. quae ad chorum spectant in missee solennis decantatione. The Psalterium is the volume in which the psalms are contained. The Troperium is a book of sequences needful when the sequences are not found in the Gradale. The Ordinale , in quo ordinatur modus dicendi et solennizandi Officium Divinum. The Manuale , so called a manu ; in it are contained those things which pertain to the sacraments and their ministration, benedictions, and what is necessary in processions. The Henry Bradshaw society has devoted an entire volume to the Winchester troper , under the careful editorship of the Rev. W. H. Frere: who says c that of the various definitions of the term Trope given by previous writers, that of Martin Herbert is the most complete: “ Tropus, in re liturgica, est versiculus quidam aut etiam plures ante inter vel post alios ecclesiasticos cantus apposite” Gautier’s is the most pithy: “ QuYst qu’un Trope ? C’est Finter- a See above, p. xxiv. b Provinciate, 2 51. c Introduction, p. ix. The introduction to this volume is an important contri- bution to Liturgiology. INTRODUCTION. li polation d’un texte liturgique.” A troper is found in almost every church included in the visitation. The visitors of the Pauline churches give careful lists of the books found in each of the churches comprised within their circuit. It may be well to give a short account of each of these. a The most important was, of course, the Missal. It was the Missal, special duty of the Archdeacon, when on visitation, to take care “ quod Canon Missae emendetur.” Errors had been discovered in existing copies, and at York in 1195 special attention had been directed to these inaccuracies. In 1291 the archdeacon, “ qui secundum apostolum non quas sua sunt quaerit sed quae Jesu Christi/’ is ordered to be careful in his scrutiny and to maintain the integrity of the office book. It may suffice, in this place, to take Lyndwood’s definition of the Missal: “ librum in quo continebuntur omnia ad missam singulis diebus dicendam pertinentia.” Most of these churches possessed two missals, and the chief points worthy of notice are that in two cases there was a Missale vetus de veteri not a, and, in one instance, at Chiswick, a Missale moniale non notatum. h Closely connected with the Missal are, the Epistolarium or Eypi$tolare } containing the epistles read at mass; the Collectarium or CollectareS containing the collects at mass, and also those at matins, vespers, and the hours. Next in importance to the Missal is the Breviary or Portiforium , d Breviary, (with its English names of portuis, porthoos, portfory,) e containing the offices of the canonical hours throughout the year on Sundays, great festivals, saints days, and ferial days. The psalter formed a a This section is based almost entirely upon Mr. Maskell’s admirable Dissertation upon the Ancient Service Books of the Church of England, in the first volume of the Monumenta Ritualia, second edition. b At Westlee was a book, “ continens 'partem Portforii et partem Missalis.” c Monumenta. civ. d An admirable reprint of the Sarum Breviary, edited by Procter and Words- worth, was issued from the Cambridge University Press, 1876-1882. e Monumenta. xcvi. lii INTRODUCTION. Psalter. Manual. portion of the volume. At Wickham was a Breviary de usu Sancti Pauli. Allied to the Breviary are, the Psalterium , a containing the book of psalms divided into certain portions for matins and the hours, so as to he gone through in the course of the week. It is often found, in the churches visited, in association with other hooks: thus at Kirkby is a volume which contains u Psalterium cum Kalendario , oracionibus specialibus , exorcismo sails et aque , benediccione candel- arurn, officio comuni penitentiarum , benedictione ramisp almarum, cum officio cena domini et vigile pasche, officio sponsalium et mortuorum , et ympnario bene notato , capitulario , collectario.” Various other combinations are found, but this appears to be the fullest. The Antiphonarium b contained the antiphons which were sung at the canonical hours. At Sandon, was an “ Antiphonarium bonum , cum capitulario , collectario et Kalendario de usu S. Pauli.” The Gradale or Graduate c contained those parts of the service which were to be sung antiphonally : the Troparium d contained tropes or verses sung either before or after the introit and hymns in the service of high mass, and sometimes in the middle of them. e The Hymnariam f contained the hymns arranged in the order of the days upon which they would occur in the offices of the canonical hours. The Venitarium , g which Ducange explains to be “liber ecclesiasticus, in quo descriptus psalmus cum notis musicis, venite exultemus domino etc. quo matutini incipiunturA The Ordinate h was the book which regulated the whole duty of the canonical hours. Here could be ascertained what festivals were to be observed, and what the proper office of the day should be. No less than nine of the churches possessed an Ordinate de usu Sancti Pauli , whilst three employed the Ordinate de usu Sarum. The Manuale 1 contained all things relating to the ministration of a Monumenta, xli. v Ibid., xxx i. c Ibid., lviii. d Ibid., xliii. e A Troparium de beata Virgine is found at Kirkby. f Ibid., evii. s Ibid., cii. h Ibid., xlvii. 1 Ibid., lxxxvii-xcii. INTRODUCTION. liii the sacraments, together with a number of benedictions. It con- tained the offices of baptism, matrimony, visitation of the sick, churching of women, extreme unction and burial. A table of the full contents of a Sarum manual occupies two full pages of Mr. Maskell’s Monumenta. Some of these offices are occasionally found separately: thus at Navestock is an ojfficium sepulturce in rotulo per se ; at Tillingham is a rotulus in quo continetur officium extreme unccionis ad inftrmos , and also a Liber pro baptismo , placebo et dirige , cum sepultura ; more portable than the entire volume would have been. a To a different class may be referred the Legenda^ in which were Legend, found the lessons read at the matin offices, from the books of Holy Scripture or from the writings of the Fathers ; the Martilogium c containing a calendar of saints and martyrs with some account of their lives and deaths ; d Omelia Sanctorum , which probably did not differ from the Legenda. At Heybridge was a Legenda sanctorum } with a life of St. Edmund, the infancy of Christ, the life of St. Silvester, and a diccionarium penitenciarium. Possibly this may have been a compilation from Archbishop Theodore^s Poenitentiale . e An important book, the Processionale , f still remains to be Processional, noticed. The Royal Chapel at Windsor, in the time of Richard II., had xi processionalia ; the parish church of St. Mary at Hill, in the City of London, in 1493, had viij processionaryes. The book contained the Litanies and other offices to be said in processions. Appended to other books, or forming a separate volume, are the a At Chiswick was a Manualc de usu S. Pauli. b Monumenta., xxvi. c The Henry Bradshaw Society issued, in 1893, The Martiloge in Englysshe after the Use of the Church of Salisbury and as it is redde in Syon. d Monumenta ., clxviii. e Ibid., cxvii. f Ibid., cxxi.-cxxvi. liv INTRODUCTION. Statuta Synodalia et Articuli Conciliorum , and tlie Constitutions of Ottobuoni, Archbishop Peckham, and Fulke Bassett, Bishop of London. These Constitutions will be found in that great treasure house of English ecclesiastical history, Wilkins'’ Concilia. The Constitutions of Cardinal Otho, legate of Gregory IX-., were promulgated at a council held in St. Paul’s Cathedral, in 1237, the Cardinal himself presiding. 3 The Constitutions of Cardinal Ottobuoni were published at a council held in London, in 1 268 : b they are fifty-three in number, many of them dealing with ques- tions of the highest importance, such for example as these : De Baptismo ; 2. Ne pro sacramentis ecclesiasticis aliauid exigatur et quod forma in confessione servetur ; 3. De consecratione et reformatione status ecclesias ; 4. De clericis arma portantibus cum furibus ; 5. De habitu clericorum ; 8. De concubinariis ; 9. De residentia vicariorum ; 23. De bonis intestatorum. The titles here selected are a few of those which had, no doubt, a special meaning for parish priests. The Constitutions of Archbishop Peckham were published in 1279/ and deal with such important questions as these : De sen- tentiis excommunicationis publice denunciandis ; De pueris bapti- zandis ; De concubinariis puniendis. These were followed, in 1 280, by a series of statutes ; d De Eucharistia custodienda ; De chrismate singulis annis conficiendo ; De ornamentis ecclesise ad parochianos pertinentibus et de arboribus crescentibus in coemeterio. Many of the titles here selected arc illustrated in the Inven- tories. Other constitutions of the same prelate were issued in the following year: e u Constitutiones qusedam Synodales, regnante Henrico III., ut videtur, editse,” assigned with some probability to the year 1237, or thereabouts, are also printed in the Concilia . f a Wilkins’ Concilia , i., 647-656. b Wilkins’ Concilia , ii., 1-19. c Ibid., 33-36. d Ibid., 48, 49. f Wilkins’ Concilia , i., 656-663. e Ibid., 51-61. INTRODUCTION. lv There are still a few books which seem to require special notice. Twyford was by no means well supplied with rituals, but it had u ij missalia antiqua et debilia , unum Gregorianum sine nota im- perfectum” and 11 aliud Ambrosianum cum veteri nota” which would be very full of interest to-day. At Erdele, and here only, was a Primarium cum septem psalmis et XV et Placebo et Dirige. By XY is intended the prayers called the “ Fifteen 0’s/” because each prayer commenced with 0. This particular devotion “ The XY. OOS in englysshe ” is printed in the Monumenta Pitualia from an edition of the Horce ad usum Sarumf The first four prayers commence u O Jesu, endles swetnes of lovynge soules. . . . 0 Blessyd Jesu, maker of all the worlde. . . . 0 Jesu, heuenly leche. . . . 0 Jesu, very fredome of aungelles. . . P At Caddington was a Liber processionalis cum benediccionibus pascalibus : the ritual of these benedictions is abundantly illustrated both by the woodcuts and the text of the Processionale ad usum Sarum edited by Dr. Henderson, in 1882. At Willesdon there was a missal de minuta litera cum ovdinale , litera de missis , et halendario non notato , and also a manual with placebo et dirige , et officia mortuorum , sponsalium, extreme unctionis et peregrina- cionis. And at Pelham Furneaux was a textum de ligno , that is, probably, a book of the gospels bound in wooden boards. It will have been observed that some of the ritual books Hsus S. Pauli, enumerated were de usu Sancti Pauli , of the ancient use of St. Paul’s Cathedral. Nine churches possessed an Ordinate of this use, Sandon had an Antiphonarium bonum, Chiswick a Manuale, and Wickham a Portiforium. Probably many other books may have been of this use although the fact has not been recorded. In another place, b the present writer has set down all that he has been a Printed by Regnault, 4to, Paris, 1527, Mon. Hit., iii., 275-282. b Documents illustrating the History of S. PauVs Cathedral (Camden Society, 1880), xxi.-xxviii., 16-39. lvi INTRODUCTION. Images of Saints. able to gather (alas ! it is but little), concerning this ancient use : and in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries a he has printed for the first time a mandate of Bishop Clifford put forth with the consent of the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s, in which it is decreed that from the first day of December, 1414, the Divine Office in that cathedral shall be celebrated according to the use of Sarum, the old use, called the use of St. Paul’s, being laid aside. At Kirkeby was a book de venite et de servicio corporis Christi , Reliquiarum, et Sanctce Annce. The feast of Corpus Christi seems to have been founded by Urban IV., who, in 1264, published a bull commanding the celebration of the feast on the Thursday following the first Sunday after Pentecost. It is stated in the Catholic Dictionary that probably the bull was never executed, though Urban himself and the Homan court celebrated the feast. Clement V., in the Council of Vienne, confirmed Urban’s Con- stitution. It seems worth while to note the frequency with which the images of saints recur in the inventory of 1297. It may safely be assumed that the rood would be found in every church Churches. The Saviour alone - - - - 1 The Saviour with St. Thomas - - 2 The B.V.M. b - - - - - 12 St. Katherine - - - - - 12 St. Nicolas- - - - - 11 St. Mary Magdalen, St. Margaret - - - 7 St. James, St. John Baptist - - 6 St. Michael ------ 2 St. Paul, St. Andrew, St. Peter - - - 3 St. Anne, St. Edmund, St. Laurence - 2 St. Thomas. St. Thomas of Canterbury, St. Giles, St. Martin, St. Osith, St. Stephen, St. Theobald - 1 a Proceedings , Soc. of Antiquaries, second series, xiv., 118-128. b And, in three of these churches, the image is found twice. INTRODUCTION. lvii The popularity of St. Katherine seems a little remarkable, whilst on the other hand, when it is remembered that all these churches w T ere in the patronage of the cathedral, the infrequency of the image of St. Paul is noteworthy. But the number of churches dedicated in England to the great Apostle of the Gentiles is relatively very small. THE VISITATION OF 1458. The Visitation of 1458 was conducted by the dean, William Say, who had been elected to his office in the November of the previous year. Wharton says of him that he was of the Privy Council of King Edward IV. in 1464, that he was rector of the Guild of Jesus in 1459, when it was founded, or rather, confirmed, by Henry VI., and that he was the founder of a chantry in the cathedral.® The “ statuts and ordenaunces of the ffraternite founded in the honour of the name of JHU in the crowdes vnder the cathedrall churche of Seint Paule of London ” are printed in the Registrum statutorum et consuetudinum ecclesie cathedralis 8. Pauli already cited. b They are dated April 28, 22 Henry VII. He took as his companion Richard Ewen, canon residentiary and stagiary, 0 with, no doubt, the scribe or registrar, and a certain retinue. The Visitation commenced on July 12 and continued till August 6. It was resumed on September 20 and continued till September 26. It was again resumed on October 11 and com- pleted on October 19. The annexed calendar (and itinerary) exhibits their progress in exact chronological sequence : a Wharton, Be Becanis Londinensibus, 228, 229. b Pp. 443-446. c Stagiarius , or stationarius : canonicus qui residentiam facit, aut f acere debet. Stagia : 1. Domus, habitacio. 2. Commoratio assidua, domicilium. — Ducange. Hence stagiarius, a residentiary. CAMD. SOC. h Iviii INTRODUCTION CALENDAR AND ITINERARY OF THE VISITATION. July to October, 1458. Day. Festival. Churches and their Dedications. July 12. Wednesday Nayestock. St. Thomas Ap. „ 13. Thursday Nayestock. „ 14. Friday Westlee. St. Mary. „ 15. Saturday JH* Jttfottbw „ 19. Wednesday Barlinge. All Saints. „ 20. Thursday Jbt. jHarjjarst ,, 21. Friday Tillingham. St, Nicholas: Hey- bridge. St. Andrew. „ 22. Saturday JL J&arg ittastfalcuc „ 25. Tuesday Barnes’ ®p. ,, 26. Wednesday Thorpe. St. Mary. „ 27. Thursday Kirkby. St. Michael. „ 29. Saturday Walton. All Saints. ,, 31. Monday Brykleshey. August 1. Tuesday Halstead. „ 3. Thursday Wickham. All Saints. „ 6. Sunday CranShgurattan Belchampowle. St. Andrew. September 20. Wednesday Caddingdon. „ 22. Friday Yerdeley. St. Lawrence. „ 23. Saturday Kemesworth. St. Mary. S[andon]. All Saints. „ 25. Monday Pelham Furneaux. St. Mary V. „ 26. Tuesday Cpprtan Pelham Arsa. St. Mary V. Aldebury. St. Mary. October 11. Wednesday St. Giles. Cripplegate. „ 14. Saturday St. Gregory. London. ,, 18. Wednesday „ 19. Thursday Chiswick. St. Nicholas. St. INTRODUCTION. lix Two country parishes are included in this Visitation, which did not appear in the earlier enumeration, Halstead and Brykleshey ; and two churches in the City of London, St. Giles Cripplegate and St. Gregory by St. Paul’s. Halstead is in North Essex, about seventeen miles from Chelms- Halstead, ford. There were anciently two rectors and two patrons. Hugh de Creping sold his moiety of the parish to Hervey de Borham, Dean of St. Paul’s 1273-1276; and the prior and convent of Leighs gave their moiety to the dean and chapter at the instance of the said Hervey. a An agreement is still preserved between the dean and chapter and John Taverner of Halstead to make a new roof for the chancel of the church for the sum of nineteen marks : “It is agreed that the roof shall be made after the manner of a chare roof, and shall contain thirty copulce measuring eight inches in breadth, like the roof of the chancel of the parish church of Romford co. Essex, the spaces between these couples to be made with ‘ Englyssh bordes ’ like the part of the roof of the church of Romford over the high altar.” 1 Henry V., c. 1413. b Brykleshey (otherwise called Bricklesea, Brichling, Brichlingnesse, Brykleshey Brightlingsea) is a peninsula formed by the estuary of the Colne on the west and that of a smaller river on the east. It is about nine miles S.E. from Colchester. 66 It belongs,” says Norden, “ to Sandwich in Kent, one of the Cinque Ports, and hath like privileges as the five ports. The principal town standeth near the sea, and the church a mile thence upon an hill which was sometime an island, whither fled, say our historians, the remaining part of the Danes after their being beaten by King Alfred at the battle of Fernham near Alesford in Kent, which escaped killing in the fight or drowning in their over hasty passage over the Thames.” In 1237 the church was given by the abbot and convent of St. John, a Newcourt, ii. 298, 299 ; Morant, ii. 259. b Hist. MSS. Commission , ix., p. 32 a, Deed No. 329. lx INTRODUCTION. S. Giles Cripplegate. St. Gregory by St. Paul’s. Colchester, to the church of St. Paul and to Roger Niger, Bishop of London. It was specially appropriated to the lights of the said cathedrals The church of St. Giles, Cripplegate, “ was built nigh a gate of the city call Porta Contractoruin or Cripplegate about the year 1090, by Alfane, who afterwards became the first Hospitaller or Proctor of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. And Aelmund the Priest gave this church, after the death of himself and his only son Hugh, to St. Paul and his canons for ever.” The dean and chapter are ordinaries of the parish, and it is exempt from the archdeacon’s visitation, and also from that of the bishop, saving only when he visits tam in capite quam in membris. h The church of St. Gregory by St. Paul’s was contiguous to the Lollards’ Tower. u A very antient parish church : for ’tis said that the body of Edmund, King of the East Angles, who was martyred by the Danes about the year 870, when it was caused by Alwyne, Bishop of Helmeham, to be brought up to London from Bury St. Edmunds, rested for the space of three years” therein. 0 Probate oi wills. The visitation of the dean and chapter in 1458 comprised within its scope matters of far greater social importance than the repairs of a broken window, or the replacement of a torn surplice. As ordinaries of the places visited, the probate of wills, cases of immorality, cases of real or pretended marriage, are minutely in- vestigated and dealt with. At Thorpe, for example, “ dicunt inquisitores quod testamentum Johanne Crosse nondum probatur,” and they give the names of the a Newcourt, ii., 93-95 ; Lewis. b Newcourt, i. 355. ® Newcourt, i. 369, quoting Stow’s Survey. INTRODUCTION. lxi executors. They also allege two other cases in which probate had not been taken. The same parish seems to have been sorely troubled by immorality of various kinds: adultery, fornication, harlotry, to say nothing of slander, are alleged against certain of the inhabitants, whose names are duly set out by the inquisitores. At Walton, the dean enjoins that Roger Page shall on two successive Sundays go in front of the procession with a candle in his hand by way of penance. Alice Steven is to suffer a similar penance for three Sundays in tunica sua ; Joane Steven, daughter of the last named, in camisia sua , for two Sundays ; and Julia Mone, also in camisia sua, for three Sundays. At Navestock, the case of Katherine Clerk is examined in great detail, and witnesses are heard on both sides. Her statement is, that on the Sunday before the Feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist last past, she and a certain Richard Thersther alias Seller were sitting in the afternoon on a high bench in her father’s house, when the said Richard spoke with her about marriage. Richard’s words were, “ Come to me; your father says that I shall have this house ; are you willing to take me as your husband.” To whom she replied, u If you wish to have me for your wife, I wish to have you for my husband.” Whereupon Richard took her by the hand, and said to her, “ I will never have any other woman for my wile but you,” and she replied in suitable terms, “ and I will never have any other man for my husband but you.” The said Richard gave her 6s. 8d. in gold by way of pledge, and delivered to her two silver rings, whilst her mother gave him a silver gilt ring for the marriage. Richard, however, whilst admitting that Katherine’s parents had often talked to him about marrying their daughter, denies all the rest. Joan Clerk, mother of the said Katherine, libere condicionis , and fifty years of age, is then examined, and states that Richard had complained that one John Hyll had kissed her daughter, and had Offences against morals. Penance . Matrimonial cases. lxii INTRODUCTION. said, not unnaturally, 11 Thou hast entered into a compact with me, and thou shalt not kiss any other man.” This is, of course, evidence of the contract. The quarrel was made up, and nuptial garments were provided, made of muster de vyleons, a kind of mixed grey woollen cloth, and it was agreed that the marriage feast should consist of twenty-four dishes of food. She adds that the marriage between the contracted pair was the common talk of the village. To which common rumour Francis Bury, husbandman, illiterate, of free condition, thirty-two years of age, adds his testimony : as also does Thomas Janyn, carpenter, illiterate, of free condition, about forty years of age. He had known Katherine for sixteen years, and Richard Selle, (so his name now appears) for a year and a half. The commisary will give his decision on the Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, September 14. The case was heard on the 12th and 13th of June. But meanwhile he inhibits the said Richard from entering into a marriage contract with any other woman. And so ends the case ol this rustic courtship and quarrel. It was really a matter of great importance that had to be decided. For “by the Canon Law contract between the parties per verba cle prcesenti constituted a valid marriage, though without any intervention of a Priest. Hence persons cited to the Ecclesiastical Courts for cohabitation, if they could prove such contract, were only required to solemnize the marriage already contracted , under pain of ecclesiastical penalties. The Council of Trent (Sess. xxiv,) decreed that such informal and irregular marriages should be thenceforward null and void, making the intervention of the priest a sine qua non . But this decree did not affect the procedure of our own ecclesiastical courts. In vol. xxi. of the Surtees Society's publications (containing depositions and ecclesiastical proceedings from the courts of Durham from 1311 to the reign of Elizabeth) interesting instances will be found of such hand fasting, as it was INTRODUCTION. lxiii called, being proved and recognised in court. By 26 George II. c. 33, it was enacted that “ no writ or proceeding shall be had in any ecclesiastical court in order to compel a celebration of any marriage in facie ecclesise by reason of any contract of matrimony, whether per verba de prsesenti or per verba de futuro ” This statute and subsequent marriage acts have fixed our present law of marriage. It is observable that the law of Scotland still recognises as valid such marriages as were recognised by the old canon law.” a In the Visitation of 1458 appears a series of alabaster tablets, Alabaster tabula de alabastre , tabula pulchra de alabastre , amongst the tablets, ornaments of the churches. The subjects of these tablets are very varied. The representation of the Holy Trinity. Pelham Arsa. The Passion of Christ, with the image of the Holy Trinity in the midst. Wickham. The Passion of Christ. Westlee, Barling, Heybridge, Pelham Furneaux, Belchamp, Chiswick. The Judgment. Chiswick. The Resurrection of the Lord. Tillingham. The Five Joys of the B.V.M. Navestock, Thorpe, Walton, Aldebury, Caddingdon (two), Kemesworth, Pelham Arsa (two), Chiswick. Imago beatas Mariae. Westlee. The Miracles of St. Nicolas. Tillingham. The Passion of St. Christopher. Pelham Furneaux. The Passion of St. Katherine. A church the name of which is obliterated. b An important paper “ on the sculptured alabaster figures called a Churchwardens' accounts of Pittington , co. Durham (Surtees Society), No. 84, p. 371. b Here were also, The Passion of tho Lord, and The Five Joys of the B.V.M. ixiv INTRODUCTION. St. John's Heads” contributed by Mr. W. H. St. John Hope to tbe Archcteologia , a is illustrated by no less than eleven of these remarkable tablets. Amongst the subjects which he describes are representations of the Holy Trinity, and the Passion of Our Lord, together with figures of the B.V. Mary, St. Peter, St. James the Great, St. Christopher, St. Thomas of Canterbury, and of SS. Katherine, Dorothy, and Margaret. The tablets described vary in size from eighteen inches by nine inches and a half, to four and a half inches by four inches and a quarter : and were originally painted, the field green, diapered with groups of five white spots encircling a red spot. 66 The alabaster came from the well-known pits at Chellaston, near Derby, now unfortunately almost exhausted, but which formerly yielded the whole of the material for the alabaster slabs and monuments to be found in various parts of England.” It was even exported to France and elsewhere. These heads were carved and painted in large numbers in the town of Notting- ham, as Mr. Hope proves clearly from entries in the municipal records between L491 and 1530. It is interesting to observe that in one case part of the back of an alabaster tablet had been scraped away, because the powder was good for sore eyes. The Five Joys of the Blessed Virgin are those set forth in the Liber Festivalis : b “ Thene ye that wyll faste the fyve evens of our Lady, in worship of her v. joyes that she had of her sone. % The fyrste when she conceyved of the holy glioost. TT The ii. was on cristmasse daye when she was delyvered of her sone. ^ The iii. joye was on ester day, whan her sone rose from dethe to lyfe. a Archaeologia , lii. 669-708. b Dr. Rock, Church of our Fathers, iii., 290. Liber Festivalis, Rouen, 1499, fol. c. INTRODUCTION. lxY IT The iiij. joye when he styed up to heven on holy tursday in the same flesshe and blode y t he toke on her body. TT The fyfthe joye was in her assumption.” That is to say, briefly, the Five Joys are the Conception, the Nativity, the Resurrection, the Ascension, the Assumption. Mrs. Jameson a enumerates seven joys of the B.Y.M. : The Annunciation, Visitation, Nativity, Adoration of the Magi, Presentation in the Temple, Christ found by Bis mother, the Assumption and Coronation. St. Christopher is said to have suffered martydom under Decius. A red-hot caldron was placed upon his head ; he was compelled to sit upon an iron chair beneath which a fire had been kindled, whilst pitchers of oil were poured over him. He was bound to a post whilst archers shot at him from the first to the twelfth hour. All these efforts to destroy him having failed, he was finally decapitated. 1 * The collect in the Sarum Breviary c commemorates the passion of St. Christopher and St. Cucufatus on July 25, but does not indicate the manner of their death. St. Nicholas was the patron saint of children and the subject frequently represented in legendary art is that of the miracle of the three children. Travelling through his diocese, he came to the house of a certain man who, during a great famine, had kidnapped some little children whom he murdered, and whose flesh he served up to his guests as food. St. Nicholas discovering the crime, made his way to the tub in which the remains of the children were salted down, and at a word, with the sign of the cross, restored the three children to life. d Other wonders are related by Mrs. Jameson, and in Lives of the Saints. a Legends of the Madonna , lxiii. b Les Petits Bollandistes, tom. ix., 29 ; Baring Gould, Lives of the Saints. e Sarum Breviary , reprint ; Sanctorale , p. 534. d Mrs. Jameson, Sacred and Legendary Art , ii., 454, 455 ; on p. 459 is an engraving of a miniature in the Heures d’Anne de Bretagne , 1500, representing the miracle. CAMD. SOC. I lxvi INTRODUCTION. The Passion of St. Katherine, would probably represent the saint as bound upon wheels armed with sharp blades which were intended to tear her body to pieces ; or the later scene when, the wheels having been destroyed by lightning, St. Katherine was beheaded by an executioner. a At Navestock, Cristiana Weldows makes a bequest ad susten- tacionem luminis sepulcri ; at Walton are dace vestes depicted cum passione Domini pro sepulcro ; and at the unknown church visited on October 19, mention is made of duce vestes pro sepulcro. “ From the early part of Maunday Thursday till Easter morning, the blessed eucharist was kept in what was called the Sepulchre , and night and day crowds thronged to watch and worship there/’ b Thomas Lord Dacre in 1531 wills that his body be buried in the parish church of Hurst Monceaux on the north side of the high altar; and that a tomb be there made for placing the sepulchre of our Lord with all fitting furniture thereto in honour of the most blessed Sacrament, and also that £100 be employed towards the lights about the said sepulchre in wax tapers of ten pounds weight to burn about it. c A tomb of this description remained in Long Melford church, Suffolk. “ In the quire was a fair painted frame of timber to be set up about Maunday Thursday, with holes for a number of fair tapers to stand in before the Sepulchre, and to be lighted in service time. Sometimes it was set overthwart the quire before the high altar, the sepulchre being alwaies placed and finely garnished at the north end of the high altar.” d A most beautiful example of an Easter sepulchre, of the four- teenth century is still preserved at Hawton in Nottinghamshire. The lowest story represents a tomb with four Koman soldiers sleep- a Sacred and Legendary Art, ii., 474. b Rock, Church of our Fathers, vol. iii., pt. i., 96. c Testamenta Vetusta, ii., 658. d Neale's Views of Churches , quoted in Pugin’s Glossary. INTRODUCTION. lxvii ing ; in the second story are figures of the Risen Lord, the three Maries, and two angels ; above this, the Ascension of the Lord. a An interesting account of the ceremonies at the sepulchre as practised at Rouen is given by Ducange, and is presented in an English dress by Pugin in his Glossary. A few miscellaneous notes may be added here in conclusion. At Naves tock there are cruces antiques de laton , and a candelabrum pendens cum diver sis branchiis de laton. At Westlee, the bells have been transferred from the old church to the new. At Tillingham, is a thurible of silver with an incense boat and spoon of silver parcel gilt ; at Belchamp, a banner with the royal arms; at Chiswick, a silver cross with relics ; at Caddington, a chapel, destructa et prophana. At Navestock, an antiphonarium is required, and the parishioners send in their contributions, one gives eight marcs, three give 6s. 8d., two 13s. 4d., and one of these adds a quarter of malt ad sustentacionem dicti libri. At Tillingham, John Pecok had played ball during service time, but denies that he has played dice. John Benjamin, John Stevenson, and John London had also played ball. The Dean admonishes them to refrain from such evil practices under a penalty of 6s. 8d., half to be given to the fabric of the church, and half to be laid out as the lord may direct. At Kirkeby is a chalice of silver gilt on which appears the figure of the Crucified and the inscription Galicem salutaris , fyc. At Chiswick, a glimpse is caught of the parish clerk: Item dicun t Inquisitor es quod Vicarius habet Clericum Parochialem deserviendum Deo , tam in festis quam pro festis et feriatibus. In a A full-sized cast of this splendid example is to be seen at the Crystal Palace in the mediaeval court, where there is also a cast of an Easter sepulchre in Lincoln Cathedral, with three sleeping knights in front, of about the year 1300, lxviii INTRODUCTION. the same parish, the vicar has twenty acres of arable ground to find himself a server, ad inveniendum puerum ad juvandum ipsum cotidie celebrari. At Chiswick also, difficulties have arisen about the tithe of the fish taken. In the will of Bishop Theodred is the bequest u I give the land in Surrey with all the fishing thereto belonging to S. Paul’s Church; and let the men be freed for the Bishop’s soul.” a Possibly this bequest refers to the land opposite Chiswick, and to the rights over the water lying between. At Pelham Arsa, the inquisi tores have a complaint against the vicar, quod multum exercet forum contra honestatem suam, and because he does not publish sentence of excommunication. And they also say that during the solemnisation of the canonical hours the vicar talks with his parishioners, sometimes with the men and sometimes with the women. At Sandon, John de Abyndone, a former vicar, presented to the church a portiforium and a vestment. At Erdele, magister H. de Colyngham, prebendary, had bequeathed a pannus de pallo. At Thorpe, as no doubt at many other places, is a columba- rium. Bobberies of church goods were not infrequent. At Kensworth a thief, entering by one of the windows of the nave, had stolen a pix and a comb, both of ivory. At Willesdon, a thief had stolen an ivory pix through the chancel window. At Chiswick, another malefactor entering by a nave window had carried off two manu- tergia ; whilst Hey bridge had sustained a far more serious loss, that of a chalice. It is interesting to notice that, in the Inventories of 1458, the scribe, sorely pressed to find a Latin word, does not hesitate to introduce an English word in its place. Thus he writes of candelabra de tyn, pixis de ivory, unum spyndellum, capa chekked cum rosis, elmys loppyd et pollyd, candelbem. a Thorpe, Diplomatarium Anglicum JEvi Saxonici. Svo. London 1865, p. 513. INTRODUCTION. Ixix He betakes himself to this last resource in describing the various buildings, or parts of buildings, with which he had to deal. Thus we have prope le cartehouse, unum larder hous, unum gattehous et unum hoghous, le botras, le selyn, le vnderpynyng, le floryng, in glasyng. A few field names are preserved: Prestespycel, Cherchepycel, Westmad, Keleslond, Tunnemanfeld, ' Longeleye, Broke Parva et Magna. INVENTORIES 6 EDWARD VI. To these ancient inventories, taken in 1297 and in 1458, are added inventories of the church goods, taken 6 Edward VI., of several of the parishes dealt with in the early visitations. The drag net of Henry VIII. with its wide meshes had already brought to land all the larger prey, but there were still a few little fishes to be captured rari nantes in gurgite vasto and for these the net is once more cast. Castillon writing, 30 December, 1537, to the grand master of France (Anne de Montmorency, Count Beaumont), says of Henry VIII. that he 11 thinks he loves gold and silver better than the alliance of any prince. He is making a store of it, and there are neither chalices, shrines, nor relics, that do not pay smartly for it.” a His words were fully verified, and speedily ; for Geo. Rollc, a Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic , Henry VIII., vol. 12, pt. 2, No.l 286. CAMD. SOC. h ixx INTRODUCTION. writing to Lord Lisle, 8 February, 1538, says, “ the abbeys go down as fast as conveniently they may, and be surrendered into the king’s hands.” a On January 29 of the same year, Boxley Abbey surrendered, on February 1 Kings wood Abbey, on February 5 Coggeshall Abbey, on February 9 Abingdon Abbey, a little later Evesham, on April 2 Beaulieu. Higher game was yet in the preserves. Our Lady of Walsingham follows: the baths and wells of Buxton were locked up that none might wash therein. Then came the greatest of them all, the magnificent world-renowned shrine of Canterbury. Pollard, the King’s quaestor , says that 11 the gold, silver, precious stones, and vestments carried off from this one shrine filled six-and- twenty great waggons drawn by oxen.” b There were but scanty gleanings now, in the reign of Edward VI., but even these were not to be neglected. Two chalices had perchance been left behind, one of these is seized, and care is taken that the larger and more valuable is carried off. So they did at Albury. At Tillingham, no chalice was left, only 66 one glasse which s’uet for the comunyon cuppe.” At Kens worth there is a significant marginal note, “ the lese challise to the church.” Wherever a vessel of silver was to be found there the alert commissioners put forth their unrighteous hands. A few vestments, however, are left for the services of the church. At Heybridge, “a cope is appoynted for deuyne sluiced* At Tolieshunt, not one of the cathedral parishes, u the cope of grene damaske bene appoynted for devyne servyce.” At Bryght- lyngsey, from whatever cause, there is a much more liberal reserva- tion: “ coope of whyte damaske. Clothe of grene satten of brydges. vij towells, vj alter clothes, and too surplysses are delyu’d to the churchwardens of the sayd churche for devyne s’rvyce.” 0 No reason is given for this liberality. R Letters and Papers Foreign and Domestic , Henry VIII., vol. 13, pt. 1, No. 236. b Ibid., vol. 13, pt. 2, p. xvi. c Exchequer Q. R. Church Goods , Essex ~ VISITATION OF CERTAIN CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OE ST, PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. Navestock. ECCLESIA DE NaSTOKE. Ecclesia de Nastoke, Ecclesia de Nastoke uisitata die Martis proxima post festum fo. 40. Exaltationis Sancte Crucis, anno Grracie Millesirno CC m0 nona- gesimo septimo. 3 Cimiterium bene clausum et mundum. Campanarium bonum bene opertum cum lj campanis sufficienter cordatis. Ecclesia consecrata in honore sancti Thome Apostoli. Fenestre in noua capeila melius barrande et vitriande. Fenestre uitrie in naui ecclesie reparande et eadem nauis melius operienda, et similiter capeila noua. Vas eneum ad aquam benedictam cum aspersoriis. Baptisterium lapideum sub serura. Ymago Sancti Michaelis reparanda. j feretrum. Item ij scale. Item j tapetum pro mor- tuis de rubeo sameto. b Item ilij campanule pro mortuis. a Exaltatio Sanctce Crucis. Sept. 14, Saturday. The day of the visitation is therefore Tuesday, September 17. b De rubeo sameto. Examitum, xamitum, or samit. The word is made up of two Greek words \\ and y.irot six threads, the number of the strings in the warp of the texture. To say of any silken tissue that it was “ samit,” implies that it is costly and splendid. Among the best vestments in St. Paul’s Cathedral were many made of samite. — Dr. Rock, Textile Fabrics, xxxvii., xxxviii. CAMD. SOC. B 2 VISITATION OF CHUECHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Libri. Vestimenta. Crux de aymallo a Processionalis fracta reparanda. Item iij vexilla. Cancelluin bene copertum et melius jungendum naui ecclesie. Sedile sufficiens. Lectrimim sufficiens opertum. Ynum Missale bonum notatum melius ligandum. Item aliud Missale notatum sufficiens melius ligandum. Item j Ordinale de usu Sancti Pauli. Item j Psalterium cum kalendario capitulari et collectarium notatum cum Historiis de communi sanctorum, et legenda, et officio de dedicacione. Item aliud Psalterium cum ymnario partim notatcq et collectario, et capitulario. Item Anti- phonarium notatum sufficiens cum collectario et capitulario. Item Antiphonariurn de sanctis notatum de veteri nota. Item Anti- phonarium de temporali notatum de veteri nota. Item Legenda temporalis ab Aduentu usque ad Pascham. Item alia pars eiusdem legende usque dominicam b xxiiij tam . Item Legenda de sanctis plenaria cum alleribus c fractis. Martilogium deficit. Item vnum Gfraduale bonum cum tropario. Item aliud Graduate bonum. Item vnum Manuale minus sufficiens. Item officium sepulture in Kotulo per se deficiunt statuta synodalia et articuli conciliorum. Libri pro magna parte melius ligandi et haspandi. Sufficiens coperimentum lectrini d de panno incico. Item velum quadragesimale e sufficiens. Item iij superpellicia sufficiencia et ij a Aymallo, enamel. b Usque dominicam, xxiiij tam . That is, as in the modern Roman missal, dominica xxiv. et ultima post Pentecosten. c Alleribus for Asseribus. The boards of the binding. Asseres, Tegmen libri ex asseribus. Assereus , Ligneus, ex asseribus compactus. — Ducange. d Lectrini. Compare the consuetudinary of St. Osmund. “ Post quoque epistolam unus ceroferariorum, cum aliquo puero de choro, aquilam in pulpito ad legendum evangelium ornando preparet.” This was done by throwing a silk yeil of the colour of the day oyer the eagle or lectern. —Register of St. Osmund., i., 150. e Velum quadragesimale. “ On the second day of the first week of Lent at matins all the crosses and images and relics, and the vessel also containing the Eucharist, shall be covered up till matins on Easter Day. Prom the preceding Saturday also until the Wednesday before Easter day a veil shall hang in the presbytery between the Choir and the Altar, which should be let down throughout CHAPTER OP ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 3 debilia. Item ij rocheta sufficiencia et j debile. Item ij manu- tergia et j abstei*sorium. a Item j frontale ad majus altare de rubeo syndone. b Item aliud frontale de pallo. Item frontale coram altare beate Marie stragulatum 0 de albo panno et rubeo et scudata cum scutulis. Item frontale altaris Sancti Jobannis minus sufficiens. Item xiiij palle d benedicte sufficientes. Item ij lintliiamina e ex legato. Item principale uestimentum f vnde parure ad albam sunt broidate cum nodulis et auibus, et parura ad amictum de aurifrisio cum casulis de pallo, et teca s ad corporalia broidata. Item alia teca de baudekyn . 11 Item uestimentum dominicale cum apparatu Lent on week-days, when it is the ferial office, except whilst the Gospel is being read : then it is raised and remains elevated until 1 Orate fratres ’ shall he said by the priest . . . On the Wednesday before Easter, whilst the Passion of the Lord is being read, at the pronouncing of that clause ‘ velum Templi scissum est,’ the afore- said veil shall fall in the area of the presbytery.” — Register of St. Osmund , i. 170, 171. a Abstersorium. Pannus lineus quo utitur sacerdos dum missam celebrat ad ex- tergendos sibi digitos post attrectatam sanctam hostiam. Gall : Purificatoire. In hoc differt abstersorium a manutergio, quod isto dumtaxat utantur cum res divinas nondum attigere. — Ducange. b Syndon, as it would seem, was a bettermost sort of cendal. St Paul’s had a chasuble and a cope of this fabric. — Cendal was a silken stuff. — Rock, Textile Fabrics , xli. c Stragulatum , etc. Covered or striped with white and red cloth and stamped with little shields. Scudere, pro cudere. -Ducange. d Palla. Lineus pannus consecratus, qui super altare ponitur, super quern extenditur corporale. — Ducange. e Lintliiamen. Lineum, pannus lineus. “ Super altare non habeat nisi unam lintheamen.” — Ducange. f Vestimentum. In the modern acceptation of the word signifies a chasuble ; but in early times it meant a complete suit. In the inventory of St. George’s Chapel, Windsor, “ unum vestimentum” includes two frontals, two curtains, one chasuble, two tunics, three albs, three amices with stole and fanon of the same set. — Pugin, Glossary of Ecclesiastical Ornaments. % Teca. A case. Tegumen lineum, quod Taye appellamus, ni fallor. — Ducange. h Baudehyn. Pannus omnium ditissimus, cujus utpote stamen ex filo auri, subtemen ex serico tegitur, plumario opere intertextus. — Ducange. Dr. Rock derives the word from Bagdad, famous for its golden stuffs. — Textile Fabrics , lvi. 4 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 40b. de pallo et casula de siclatoun a et leca ad corporalia consuta de serico. Item vestimentum feriale cum apparatu de pallo et casula de fustvan b et parura amictis consuta de serico. Item iij albe cum apparatu de pallo, et ij parure duorum amictuum consute de serico, et tercia parura ad tercium amictum de aurifrisio. Item j tunica de rubeo sendallo c et dalmatica deficit. Item capa cbori de baudekyn. Item ij custodie ad altare de albo panno. Item pannus offertorius d ad patenam deficit, et puluinar e et pannus sponsalicius f deficit, et j tapetum rubeum ante altare. Item tabule altarium minus sufficientes, non dedicate. Item ij super- altaria sullicienta. Item insudciens. Item j calix argentius partial deauratus ponderans xvj solidos vel circiter, et alius calix argenteus partim deauratus eiusdem ponderis. Item calix stagneus et vj phiale. s Item peluis stagneus . 11 Item pixis lignea ad eukaristiam. Item alia eburnea furata. Tabernaculum deficit. Item turribulum sufficiens. Nauicula 1 ad incensum deficit a Siclatoun. Cloth of gold, a Persian word. — Rock, Textile Fabrics , xxxix. b Fustian. A material nearly akin to velvet. — Rock, ib., xlv. c Cendal, or sendal, a silken material. — Rock, xl. d Pannus offertorius. “ The offertory veil was used according to the ritual of the Church of Sarnm in various parts of the ceremonial of High Mass.” — A Catholic Dictionary . e Puluinar. A cushion. Pugin observes that cushions jused for kneeling upon were called Pulvinaria or Quissini ; and that those used to support the missal upon the altar were termed auricularia , from the tassels which hung at the corners. f Pannus sponsalicius. In the office De sponsalibus in the Sarum Manuals the rubric is as follows : “ Post Sanctus prosternant se sponsus et sponsa in oratione ad gradum altaris, extenso super eos pallio quod teneant quattuor clerici per quattuor cornua in super- pelliciis, nisi alter eorum prius fuerit desponsatus et benedictus : quia tunc non habeatur pallium super eos, nec dicatur sacramentalis benedictio, ut postea patebit.” Manuale ad usum Sarum. 4°, Rouen, iu officina magistri Martini Morin, fo. liij. s Phialce. Cruets. 11 Pelvis stagneus. A basin of tin. 1 Navieula. An incense boat. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 5 et similiter vasculum ad carbones in yeme. Item iij sconse. Item candalabium pascbale sufficiens. Item luminalare sufficiens ad altare ex ministracione parocbianorum : videlicet ij cerei pro- cessionales et candele. Item lucerna deficit. Item ymagines saluatoris et the repingende. a Item ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item j osculatorium. b Item j muscularium de pennis pauonis. 0 Catbedre ministrorum altaris deficiunt. Item j bercia sufficiens. Item j ferrum sculptum ad oblatas. d Item cista repositoria cum serura in canceller et alia cista repositoria in curia domini cum serura in qua libri et uestimenta reponuntur. Item pecia de coreo e sub serura in qua deferuntur eukaristia et oleum ad infirmos. Item j crismatorium cum oleo crismatis sancto et infirmorum. Andrea tenator et Adam filius atte Hulle tenent vnam acram et dimidium prati in prato quod vocatur Westmad, pro quibus debent a That is, the figure of St. Thomas the Apostle. The subject represented was probably the incredulity of St. Thomas, the patron saint. b Osculatorium. A pax. c Muscularium. A fan of peacock’s feathers. A “ muscatorium de pennis pavonum ” in mentioued in an inventory of the goods of St. Faith under St. Paul’s in 1298. a Ferrum sculptum ad oblatas. An iron implement for baking and stamping the altar-breads, which were called offletes (oflastan), obley, oblatas, and in later times singing-bread. Dr. Rock, Cliurcli of our Fathers (1. 151), observes that these altar- breads were frequently prepared by religious women, and tells the legend recorded in the Life of S. Vandrelle, Abbot of Fontenelle. A nun goes to the fire for the purpose of baking the altar-bread, holding in her hand the peculiar kind of irons made for the purpose : “Accessit ad ignem, ferroque, quo imprimendse et decoquendae erant oblata?, arrepto, mox nervi manus ejus dexterae contracti sunt, ac oblatorium quod sponte susceperat, invita, vi agente divina retinuit.” Acta Sanctoruvi, Julii, tom. v., p. 290, n. 53. He adds that Gillebert, Bishop of Limerick (c. 1090), says that amongst the things which every priest should have are a box with altar-breads or obleys, and the irons for baking them. e Pecia de coreo. — Ducange explains pecia as vas, calix, cyathus. In the text it is obviously a leathern case. 6 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE BEAN AND annuatim vicario de Nastok’ vj. d. ad inueniendum candelas ad herciam cum treniis Jeremie. a Item Johannes le Heyr tenet quoddam tenementum pro quo faciet ad sustentacionem vnius vnius b cerei ante altare beate Marie Virginis xxiij d., et Radulphus le Bonde faciet ad eundem cereum pro quodam assarto j denarium. Item Johannes atte Hurne habet j vaccam precii vs. ad susten- tacionem vnius cerei ante altare beate Marie Virginis, ex legato Matilde quondam matris sue. Item Johannes Peter habet quinque oues precii vs. de legato Ricardi fratris sui defuncti, ad sustentacionem vnius cerei ante altare beate Virginis. Item Ricardus Palmere recepit vj s. de Osberto le Paumer ad sustentacionem vnius cerei coram Cruce, et cum sibi displiceat dictum cereum sustentare respondebit de dictis vjs. Item idem Ricardus recepit vnam vaccam precii vs. de Matilde le Paumer ad sustentacionem vnius cerei ante altare beate Virginis. Item idem Ricardus recepit j vaccam de Christina la Leuur precii vs. ad sustentationera vnius cerei ante altare beate Virginis. Item Johannes Hauekes recepit j vaccam de Adam Wode precii vs. ad sustentacionem j cerei coram altare beate Virginis. Item Andrea carectarius c recepit de legato Sabine atte Tye iiij oues et j agnum precii iijs. et j libram cere ad sustentacionem vnius cerei coram beata Virgine, et si deficiat respondebit de principals Item Ricardus le King’ recepit v oues precij vs. de legato domini Roberti quondam vicarij de Nastok’ ad sustentacionem cordarum ad campanas in campanario. a I would suggest that the hearse cloth was embroidered with texts from the Lamentations of Jeremiah. b The second vnius is underlined with dots ; that is, marked, as an error, for omission. c Carectarius. The carter. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297 , 7 Westlee. Ecclesia de Westlee visitata die Sabbati proxima ante festum Sancti Matliie Apostoli Anno Gracic Millesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. a Cimiterium vndique male clausum et animalibus depastum ac fedatum : nullum campanarium, nulla campana. Nulie fenestre uitrie in naui ecclesie. Vas plumbeum ad aquam benedictam cum aspersorio deficit. Vnum feretrum. Item Baptisterium ligneum fluens in arrea per stipam b et sine serrura. c Item ecclesia de Sancta Maria non dedicata. Scala deficit et tapetum pro mortuis. iij vexilla debilia. Crux portatilis de lingno. Cancellum suffici- enter coopertum. Item j Missale deficit. Item est ibi j liber continens partem Portiforij et partem Missalis de temporali ab aduentu Domini usque ad Pascam, et partem de Missale Sanctorum a festo Sancti Andree usque ad festum Sancti Gregorij. Item j Psalterium cum kalen- dario. Item j manuale sufiiciens. Item j Graduale de temporali non notatum ab aduentu Domini usque ad Parasccues, et partem Sanctorum. Item j Antiphonarium de temporali absque respon- soriis de istoriis, continens responsoria de horis diei et uesperis. Item j venitarium cum incepcione ympnorum notatum. Item j Graduale debile continens partem troparij. Item ympnarium notatum de temporali. Item j calix argenteus infra deauratus et parum extra ponderis dimidium marce. Item j vestimentum principale cum parura de pallo et casula de baudekin cum teca ad corporalia de pallo. Item iiij palle benedicte, a S. Matthew’s Day, Sept. 21. fell on a Saturday in this year. The date is there* fore Saturday, Sept. 14. L Stijja. Obturamentum, id quod stipatur seu occluditur. — Ducange. That is, a stopper. In this case only the font appears to have been of wood. e Serruva. A lock for the font cover. Westlee. Libri. Vcstimenta. 8 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 41b. Bari in ge. quarum due cum paruris de serico contexto. Item aliud uestimcn- tum dominicale cum paruris de viridi sameto et casula de bokeram. a Item tercium vestimentum feriale cum paruris de syndone et casula de cotoun b texto. Item j frontale de rubeo syndone cum leonibus de auro. Item j teca de sindone cum corporalibus. Item turribulum male catenatum. Item ij pbiale. Item j lanterna. Item j pixis depicta ad eukaristiam cum bursa de serico. Item alia pixis ad oblata. c Item ij custodie ad altare. d Item ij tinttunabula. Item j cam- panula pro mortuis. Deficit crismatorium. Deficiunt serrure ad eukaristiam, crismatorium, et baptistorium. Thomas Osebern tenet ix oues pro quibus soluet singulis annis xiijd. ob. ad sustentacionem luminis in ecclesia. Item Johannes le Wythard habet iij oues pro quibus soluet singulis [annis] iiijd. ob. ad lumen ecclesie. Item Beatrix la Wyte habet vnum ouem pro qua soluet jd. ob. ad idem. Geruasius Pulman habet ij oues pro quibus soluet iijd. per annum ad idem. Matildis Poteman habet j ouem pro qua soluet jd. ob. ad idem. Geruasius Carrectarius habet vnam vaccam precij vs. ad sustenta- cionem vnius cerei ardentis in ecclesia. Baklinge. A 0 D 1 M° CC° Nonagio septio. Ecclesia de Barlinge uisitata die Martis post festum Sancti Mathei Apostoli et Ewangeliste anno supradicto. 6 a Bchraem. So called from Bokkara, where it was originally made ; was much esteemed in the middle ages as being costly and very fine. It was a cotton textile. — Rock, lxxxv. b Cotoun. That is, cotton. c Pixis ad olilata. The pix or box for the altar-breads. d Custodie. “ Custoda yel custodia, velum, aulasum, etprsesertim illud quo tegitur pyxis Eucharistica, nostris Custode'’. — Ducange. e That is on Tuesday, September 24. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 9 Cancellum bene coopertum. Item j fenestra vitrea in cancello fracta. Item deficit celatura ultra altare et cancellum inferius deal- bandum. a Item sunt sedilia cum formis congruentibus et lectrino. Item deficit vnum Ordinale de vsu Sancti Pauli. Item j vnum Antiphonarium notatum cum ympnario, psalterio, et kalendario. Item aliud Antiphonarium de temporali cum Legenda eiusdem temporis cum responsoriis notatis et ympnario. Item tercium Antiphonarium Sanctorum Martirum cum Legenda Sanctorum responsoriis et ympnario notato. Item deficit Martilogium. Item j Gradate in quo continetur ordinale Missalis. Item j Graduale in quo continetur processionale et pars troparij, j Graduale vetus cum processionale et tropario. Item j troparium per se bonum, et j Missale bonum non notatum, in quo prefacium non est notatum. Item ij Manuales. Deficit Placebo, et Dirige, et comendacio sepulture. Deficiunt Statuta Synodalia, Articuli Consiliorum, et Capitula Octoboni, b et Statuta J. de Peccham. 0 Item j vestimentum festiuale cum paruris stole et manipule et Vestiment paruris amictus de serico consultis d cum casula de pallo. Item j vestimentum cum paruris stole et manipule de pallo et parura amicti de aurifrisio cum casula de pallo, muribus corosa et corrigenda, stragulata de opere saraceno e cum lapidibus consutis. Item pannus a So that whitewash seems to have been used in those days. b Ottobone di Fresco, Cardinal of St. Adrian, held a Council in London in 1268, at which certain constitutions were enacted. See Gibson’s Codex. Wilkins’s Concilia. c John de Peckham, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1279-1292. For details relating to these documents see the Introduction. d Consultis. Sic, for consutis. e “ In the old lists of church ornaments frequent mention is found of vestments inscribed with words in real or pretended Arabic, and when St. Paul’s inventory more than once speaks of silken stuffs dc opere saraceno , it is not improbable that some at least of those textiles were so called from having Arabic characters woven on them.” — Rock, Textile Fairies , lx. From the Saracens, Western Europe learnt the art of weaving tapestry. Its earliest name in Christendom was opus saracenicum,— Ibid. cxii. CAMD. SOC. C 10 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND lectrinus debilis. Item deficit velum quadragesimale. Item vekmina ymaginum deficiunt. Item ij superpellicia maiora et minus debilia. Item deficit rochetum. Item j manuturgium et j abstersorium. Item ultra velamen ultra sacrarium de bordis. a Item altare de ligno et tabula frontalis depingenda. Item frontale deficit ad altare. Item cortinium ultra altare de canabo. b Item ij palle sine paruris j pallea fracta et debilis cum parura de pallo. Item quarta tuallia deficit. Item j corporale cum teca de sindoneet deficit aliud corporale. Item j cappa chori de pallo, muribus corrosa et corrigenda. Item deficit philaterium, c pannus offertorius, et puluinar. Item deficiunt pannus sponsalicius, tapetum ante altare. Item j superaltare congruum. Item deficit petten eburneum. d Item calix argenteus partim deauratus, ponderis xvj solidorum cum pede fracto et reparando. Item deficit calix stagneus. Item ij phiale de stagno. Item peluis stagnea fracta. Item pixis lignea. Item deficit turribulum. Item nauicula ad incensum de stagno. Item deficit vas ad carbones, capsa, e et lucerna. Item vna crux processionalis de aymallo. Item ymago beate Marie cuius coopertura fracta. Item ymago ]\Iarie Magdalene et ymago crucis in cancello. Item ymagines in naui ecclesie sufficientes. Item ij campanule pro mortuis. Item j tinctinabulum. Item ij ceroferoria de stagno et osculatorium. Item deficit mustarium. Item j hercia. Item deficit ferrum sculptum. f Item j cista repositoria sine serura et j a De bordis. Perhaps the same as Bourdalisaunder. Bord in Arabic means a striped cloth. — Rock, lxxxv. b Cortinium, a curtain. Canabus, canvas, from cannabis, the botanical name for hemp. The term is used to designate any texture woven of hempen thread. — Rock, xiii. c Philaterium, or jilactcrium. Theca minor sacrarum reliquiarum, quse ad collum Filacteriis seu vittis appensa in processionibus portabatur — Ducange. A reliquary. d Pccten eburneum. An ivory comb. e Capsa. Area, theca, cista, ubi aliquid reponitur. — Ducange. Die areas, thecas, cistas, vel scrinia, capsas, Capsula, capsella, de capsa diminuuntur. Jo. de Garlandia in Synonymis. f Ferrum sculptum, that is, ad oblatas, as on p. 5, supra. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 11 cofra sine serura. Item pixis eburnea argento ligata cum serura. Et deficit appensio ultra altare ct teca. Item deficit pixis cum pera a ad eukaristiam pro infirmis. Item crismatorium de auricalco b sub serura. Item vicaria non taxatur. (Immo taxatur in veteri registro cum nigro coreo.) c Cimiterium melius claudendum. Item campanarium bonum cum ij campanis bene cordatis. Item ecclesia dedicata in honore Omnium Sanctorum coopertura p # 4 in naui ecclesie reparanda quia multum debilis, et muri eiusdem cimiterij fere ruinosi. Item vas ad aquam benedictam cum ij aspersoriis, et deficit processionale ad aquam benedictam. Item baptisteriuin lapideum sub serura. Item hostium australe nimis debile. Dominus Johannes filius Simonis tenet ij acras que vocantur Keleslond’ pro quibus inueniet j lampadem ardentem in cancello. Petrus Wille babet xij oues ex tradicione Jobannis Baldewyne et faciet pro qualibet oue annuatim ij d ad lumen beati Egidij et sustinebit oues suo periculo. Radulphus atte Weylate babet xiij oues et faciet pro eisdem sicut predictus Petrus ad lumen beate Marie. Alanus ate Mate babet x oues. Item Johannes le Ward babet vj oues. Item Walterus le Massoun babet vj oues. Item Johannes de la Lee babet ij oues. Item Johannes Pauey babet iij oues. Item Alicia atte Mad babet x oues. Item Eadmundus Faber babet iiij oues. Albreda atte Ponde respondebit de xij d annuatim pro vj ouibus de quibus terra que fuit quondam Ricardi atte Ponde oneratur quam tenet. Item Reginaldus Faber respon- debit de vj denariis annuatim pro iij ouibus quas mater sua habuit. Et sciendum quod precium cuiuslibet ouis predicte in tradicione earundem ouium assedatur ad xijd. Et tenementa et terre dictas oues habentium oneratur de dictis ouibus uel eorum precio scilicet pro capite xijd. a Pera. A leathern bag or wallet in which the pix could he carried. b De auricalco , properly orichalcum. It is not derived from aurum but is equivalent to ogu%uXKos, yellow copper ore, and the brass made from it. c In another handwriting. 12 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Annicorias atte Clay habet ij ones ad luminare lotate a Yirginis. Item Walterus Blakhors habet j ouem ad luminare coram cruce in cancello. Item Albreda atte Ponde respondebit singulis annis de ijs. pro vna vacca precij xijs. de quibus terra que fuit Kicardi atte Ponde quam tenet est onerata. Tilltngham. Ecclesia de Tillingbam uisitata die Jouis ante festum Sancti Tillingham. Michaelis Anno Domini Millesimo CC m0 nonagesimo septimo. b Murus cimiterij uersus curiam domini et a scalera c usque eundem murum corrigendus. Campanarium bene coopertum cum iij cam- panis suffic.ienter cordatis. Ecclesia dedicata in honore Sancti Nicbolai. Item nauis eiusdem ecclesie melius cooperienda. Item fenestre vitree in eadern reparande. Item j vas decens ad aquam benedictam de plumbo cum aspersorio in introitu ecclesie. Item deficit d ad dictam aquam pro processionali. Item baptisterium decens lapideum coopertum sub serrura. Item nauis ornata ymaginibus scilicet Sancte Crucis cum beata Yirgine et Sancto Johanne ex vtraque parte. Item beate Yirginis cum tabernaculo, beati Andree, Sancti Eadmundi, bead Nicholai, Sancte Katerine, beate Margarete, beati Petri, beati Michaelis, et Jacobi. Item ij altaria lapidea, quorum vnum consecratur in honore beate Yirginis cum tabula depicta coram eodem. Item osculatorium ad idem a Lotate. Sic, but obviously an error for beatse. b Michaelmas Day fell on Sunday in this year. The day of the visitation is Thursday, September 26. c Scalera. Ducange says “Idem videtur quod scalliaria vide scalise,” and explains scalise or scallise as “lapides sectiles, quos Ardoises dicimus,” that is, slates. Possibly some slate-covered building may have been so designated. But Cowel in his Law Dictionary , 1727, says, with greater probability, “ Scalera , a quarry or stone pit. So also Scalinga, Fr. Escailliere.” d Ltevi deficit. Probably vas is omitted. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 13 altare. Item ad altare j frontale de quodam tapeto blueto laneo et lino facto. Item in eadem naui ecclesie ij cruces portables, cum 1 amine sufficient! coram cruce et altare beate Virginis. Item pheretrum. Item ij scale, maior et minor. Item deficit tapetum pro moituis. Item ij campane manuales. Item v vexilla com- petencia. Cancellum integrum bene coopertum. Item fenestre vitree reparande. Item sedilia deficiunt cum formis et lectrinis. Item j ordinale de usu Sancti Pauli. Item ympnarium per se notatum et ligandum. Item psalterium per se. Item ij antiphonaria per se. Item aliud antipbonarium cum capitulario et collectario et ympnario notato. Item legenda de temporali et sanctorum cum responsoriis notatis, cum kalendario et psalterio : deficit tonale. Item j liber in quo continetur capitularium, eollectarium, et j Martilogium. Item j processionale. Item j Graduale bonum. Item aliud Graduate vetus, in quo deficit de sanctis a festo Sancti Bartholomei usque ad festum Sancti Andree. Item ij troparia. Item j portiforium. Item Missale sufficiens cum kalendario. Item aliud Missale vetus non notatum. Item j liber pro baptismo, Placebo et Dirige cum sepultura. Item Rotulus in quo continetur offioium extreme vnccionis. Item deficiunt statuta sinodalia, Capitula Octoboni. et Statuta J. de Pecham. Item libri melius ligandi Item deficit celatura ultra altare in cancello. Item vestimentum principale cum paruris, stola, et manipula, et casula eiusdem de pallo, et parura amicti de aurifrisio, et casula eiusdem vestimenti de pailo cum bendis de aurifrisio. 51 Item aliud vestimentum dominicale et feriale cum paruris, stola, et manipula, de pallo; et parura amicti de serico consuto et casula de fusteyn. Item j alba cum paruris de pallo. Item amictus cum parura de aurifrisio. Item casula vetus et alba a De pallo cvm bendis de aurifrisio. Pal , or Pall, cloth of Pall, is cloth of gold. — Rock. Benda , lamina — Gall : Lame. — Ducange. De aurifrisio. The orl’rey of a vestment ; but here embroidery . Aurifrigium fere semper accipiendum pro limbo acupicto, auro plerumque argentove distincto, qui ad vestes sacras assuitur, atque, ut supra, a nostris orfroy appellari solet. — DucaDge. i. 42b. 14 VISITATION OF CHUKCHE3 BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND vetus. Item j cappa chori de sindone cum bendis de aurifrisio debilis et fractus. Item deficiunt tunica, dealmatica. Item ij pbilateria. Item pannus offertorius ad patenam. Item pannus sponsalicius. Item vnum frontale ad magnum altare de panno lineo depicto de istoria Sancti Thome. Item tabula depicta ad idem altare. Item vnum superpellicium sufficiens, et iiij debilia et insufficiency maiora et minora. Item ij rocheta. Item iij manutergia sufficiencia. Item vii palle, quarum vna cum parura de aurifrisio, alia cum parura de pallo. Item velum quadragesimale. Item ij corporalia cum teca de pallo. Item altare lapideum. Item j superaltare honestum. Item petten de ligno. a Item j calix argenteus et totum deauratus ponderis xiiijs. Item alius calix argenteus intus deauratus ponderis xs. Item calix stagneus. Item ij phiale stagnee. Item ij pelues de cupro deaurato et aymellato. Item j vinageria. b Item pixis ad oblata de ligno, turribulum debile. Item nauicula de cupro ad incensum deaurato et aymellato cum cocleare de stagno. Item deficit vas ad carbones in yeme. Item capsa sufficiens. Item candelabrum cerei paschale. Item j lucerne debilis. Item iiij cerei ij processionale, et ij ad lumen circa altare, inuenti per parochianos. Item crux portatilis cum platis de argento. Item ymagines de Sancta Cruce, de Sancto Paulo, Sancto Nicholao, et Sancto Stephano. Item ij tinctunanibula. Deficiunt ij • *3. ceroferoria. Item osculatorium depictum. Item deficit muscarium. Item vna hercia. Item deficit ferrum sculptum. Item iij ciste repositorie, quarum vna est sub serura. Item pixis eburnea cum teca et serura ultra altare. Item vna pixis de argento cum pera ad deferendum eukaristiam. Item j crismatorium de lingno suffi- ciens sub serura. a Petten de ligno. Here the comb is of wood. b Vinageria. Yinageriae, ampullae vinariae, in quibus vinum reponitur ad sacri- ficium. — Ducange. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 15 Redditus assignatus ad Sustentacionem Luminis in Ecclesia de Tillingham solnendus a subscripts personis singulis annis. Rogerus le Neuur tenet ij bidentes et debet . Rogerus de Piro tenet xyij bidentes et debet Johannes Dote pro vno bidente . Eadmundus Bissop . Willelmus atte Welde pro j bidente iiijd. ijs. vjd. ob. jd. ob. ijd- Walterus Plaiuot iij bi dentes pro J ohannes Rammyngeseye vjd. ij bidentes pro . Ricardus Patot ij biden- iiijd. tes pro Walterus de Tillingham iiijd. 6. ij bidentes Godefridus Payn vj bi- iiijd. dentes pro . . : Godefridus Broun j bi- xvjd. 6. dentem pro Robertus Leue iiij bi- ijd. dentes pro Johannes Elys iiij bi- vijd. 6. dentes pro Johannes- de Maundc- viijd. uille vij bidentes Johannes Melke ij bi- xiijd. denies pro Johannes Morecoke iij iijd. 6. bidentes pro Plenricus atte Slo v bi- vjd. dentes xd. Hawis Cole j bidentem . ijd. Reginaldus Rauel ij bi- dentes . . . iiijd. Beatrix Pacokes j bi- dentem . . . ijd. Margeria Neuman j bi- dentem . . . ijd. Alicia atten Apeltone ij bidentes . . . iijd. ob. Radulphus Reyner ij bi- dentes pro . . iiijd. Osbertus atte Hide ij bi- dentes pro . . iiijd. Item idem pro vna vacca xijd. Rogerus Herde pro j bidente . . . jd. 6. Johannes Cot us pro "vij bidentibus . . xiiijd. HenricusOte iij bidentes pro .... iiijd. ob. Ranulphus Faber ij bi- dentes . . . iijd. Willelmus Herde iij bi- dentes . . . iijd. 6. 16 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 43b. Johannes Lord ij bi- dentes Allexander Suoth ij bi- dentes Johannes atte Slo iij bi- dentes Otto Path j bidentcm . Johannes atte Raye j bidentem . Thomas Scort ij bidentes Adam Juel ij bidentes . Relicta Gilberti Gold ij bidentes . Martinus Proude v bi- dentis ad sustentandum vnum cereum Johannes de Witham ij bidentes Johannes Cotus j biden- tem Robertus Leue j bidentem Willelmus Herde vnum bidentem Alicia Appel ton iij bi- ivj.L dentes Omnes isti tcnentur ad iijd. sustentandumj cereum Johannes Cotus tenet iiijd. 6. vnam vaccam ad jd. ob. sustentandum vnum cereum jd. 6. Ricardus Ben j vaccam iijd. ad sustentandum j iijd. cereum Matilda Withstert j iijd. 6. vaccam pro j cereo Gilfridus Godsoule j vaccam pro j cereo Walterus Plauiot j vaccam pro j cereo Ricardus ate Welle j vaccam pro j cereo Alanus Brid’ j vaccam pro vno cereo Radulphus Reyner j vaccam pro j cereo Thomas atte Wrede j vaccam pro vno cereo. Godefridus ij vaccas pro ij cereis. Johannes Molt j vaccam pro vno cereo. Henricus atte Slo j vaccam et iiij bidentes pro vno cereo. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 17 Hbybridoe. Ecclesia de Hebrugg’ uisitata die Veneris proxima ante festum Ilebrugg’. Sancti Michaelis Anno Domini Millesimo CC m ° nonagesimo septimo. a Cimiterium melius claudendum, campanarium cooperiendum. Item iij campane quarum vna est sine baterello. b Ecclesia dedicata in honore Sancti Andree. Porticum melius cooperiendum. Item nauis ecclesie coperienda. Item vas decens ad aquam benedictam de lapide in introitu ecclesie cum aspersoriis. Item fenestre vitree in eadem ecclesia reparande. Item baptisterium decens lapideum sine serura. Item vas ad aquam benedictam de stagno, c deferendo coram processionali cum aspersorio. Item nauis ecclesie ornata ymaginibus Sancte Crucis cum beata Virgine et Sancto Johanne ex vtroque latere, ymagine beate Marie Virginis cum tabernaculo, beati Jacobi, et Sancte Katerine. Item ij altaria lapidea cum tabulis honeste depictis coopertis. ij linteaminibus. Item parue cruces et j osculatorium depictum. Item lumen suffi- ciens coram Cruce et beata Virgine in eadem naui. Item j feretrum. Item vnus pannus de palio pro mortuis pauperibus. Item j scala. Item ij campane manuales. Item iiij vexille. Cancellum melius cooperiendum. Sedilia distincta cum formis et lectrinis sufficients. Item ij panni lectrini. Item j liber in quo continetur Ordinale, ympnarium pro parte, Libri. Legenda et responsoria de communi Sanctorum notatis, capitularium et collectarium. Item ij psalteria cum kalendario. Item j psalterium cum Placebo et Dirige. Item vnum Antiphonarium. Item aliud Antipbonarium cum Legenda de Temporali. Item Legenda Sancto- a That is on Friday, Sept. 27. b Batercllo , the clapper of the bell . Batere, pro Batuere, tundere, verberavc. — Ducange. 0 Stagnum, i.e. Stannum, tin. CAMD. 800. D 18 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Vestimenta. p. 44. rum, ympnarium glosatum, uita Sancti Edwardi, de infancia Jesu Christ! , vita beati Siluestri, ordinacione et eleccione eiusdem, et diccionarium penitentiarium de vno volumine. Item deficit Marti- logium. Item vnum Manuale per se. Item duo Gradualia et Tropc- rium contentum in vno volumine. Item Troperium per se. Item epistolarium per se. Item omellie Sanctorum. Item Missale com- petens et notatum. Item statuta Fulconis. a Item deficiunt statuta J. de Pecham et Capitula Octoboni. Item libre melius ligandi. Item vestimentum principale, cum stola, manipula de patio, parure albe et amicti de baudekyno. Casula de rubeo sameto bendato aurifrisio. Aliud vestimentum dominicale cum paruris et stola de pallo, cum manipulo de fusteyn. Casula de pallo cum bendis de aurifrisio. Item duo paria corporalium. Item j teca de serico consuta, alia teca de pallo. Item iij pallee sine paruris. Item j pallea cum paruris de pallo. Item vna cappa cbori de baudekyno. Item deficit tunica dalmatica. Item vna alba per se. Item j am ictus cum parura de albo. Item deficit pannus offertorius. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Ita tabula depicta loco frontalis. Item v supcrpellicia debilia. Item ij rocbeta debilia. Item ij manutergia debilia. Item vnum velum quadragesimale. Altare lapideum dedicatum in honore Sancti Andree. b Item tabule depicte supra altare, j longitudinem trabis, alia longitudine altaris. Item 0 de lingno, calix argenteus totum deauratus ponderis xxiiijs. Item calix stagneus deficit. Item iiij pbiale de stagno. Item peluis de stagno. Item pixis ad oblata depicta. Item vnum turribulum catenandum. Item nauicula de stagno ad incensum cum cocleare de stagno. d Item deficit vas ad carboncs in yeme. Item capsa * Fulconis. That is, of Fulk Basset, Dean of York, Provost of Beverley, con- secrated Bishop of London, 9 October, 1 244. He died of the plague, 12 May, 1259. b Sancti Andree, to whom the church itself is dedicated. c A word is here omitted, perhaps pecten or pixis. d Cocleare. A spoon w r ith which the incense was removed from the incense-boat to he placed in the censer. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL TN THE YEAR 1297. 19 sufficiens. Item candelabrum cerei paschalis. Item vna sconsa. Item vna lucerna debilis. Item ij cerei processionales. Item ij ceroferoria de stagno. Item vna crux de aymallo cum rubeo vexillo de syndone. Item alia crux portatilis de ligno. Item ymagines cum tabernaculo et beati Andree. Item vnum tinctinctnibulum. Item ij osculatoria depicta. Item j muscarium. Item j hercia. Item ferrum sculptum debile. Item ij ciste repositorie sub serrura. Item vna scrina parua, facta de coreo, cum reliquiis diversis de snncta Cruce inclusa argento et aliis diversis reliquiis; et vna lingna serpentina n cum virolis, b et paruo baculo de argento et aliis diuer- sis reliquiis. Item ij crismatoria de stagno vnum silicet pro olco sancto et crisma, aliud pro oleo infirmorum. Item pixis consuta de serico cum teca de corio ad eukaristiam ad infirmos. Item deficit pixis eburnea ultra altarc cum teca. Item vnum paruum par organum. Redditus ad luminare ecclesie. Galfridus Maysey habet iuucn- cam c precij iiijs. ad inueniendum vnum cereum coram beata Virgine ; Bartholomeus Brewere j vitulum, ij oues precij iiijs. ijd., ad idem luminare. Item Dyonisius Brices habet vnam vaccam vj solidorum ad idem luminare. Item Clemens de trabenho habet j vaccam precij vjs. ad luminare coram Cruce et beata Yirgine. Item Justina Cobbes habet vnam vaccam precij vjs. ad luminare coram beato Andrea. Item Adam Payn habet vnam vaccam precij v solidorum ad luminare vnius lampadis in ecclesia, et sciendum quod si decedat aliquis eorum qui aliquod occupaucrit ad luminare predictum seu fabricam, et bona eius non sufficiant ad exhibicionem bestie occupate per eundem, terra sua moraliter onerata. Item terra Willelmi Waterslade, que est in manu domini ? debet ijd. per annum pro j oue precij xijd. ad rotundale. Item terra Sakine ad fontem dcbet iiijd. per annum ad idem pro a Serpens. Yirga lignea in modum spirac fabrefacta, unde nomen, qua in bene** dictione cerei paschalis utuntur. — Ducange. b Virolis. Yirola, vietorius anulus, vietoria fibula. A Gall: Virole. Ferules or collars. c That is, juyencam. 20 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND jj ouibus precij ijs. Item Adam Payn debet ijd. per annum pro j one eiusdem precij. It-'m Katerina le Heyr debet ijd. per annum pro j oue ad idem. Item Jobanne3 Wythlokes debet ijd. per annum pro j oue. Item Robertus Messor ijd. per annum pro j oue. Item Emma Randulph ijd. per annum pro j oue. Item Johannes Stempe ijd. per annum ad idem. Waletone. Ecclesia de Waletone uisitata die Martis post festum Sancti Michaelis Anno Millesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. a p. 44b. Porta cimiterij reparanda. Campanarium in summitate co- operiendum. Item ij campane melius cordande. Ecclesia conse- crata in honore omnium sanctorum. Nauis eiusdem melius co- operienda. Item vna peluis de plumbo in qua reponitur aqua bene- dicta, in introitu ecclesie cum aspersorio. Item aliud vas de plumbo ad deferendum coram processionali. Item baptisterium bonum lapi- deum, infra plumbatum, sub serrura copertum, Nauis ecclesie ornata decenter ymaginibus,silieet, Sancte Crucis, beate Yirginis, Sancti Jo- hannis ex vtroque latere. Item Sancte Crucis per se. Item ij ymagines beate Yirginis cum tabernaculis, beate Katerine, Sancti Michaelis, beati Petri, beati Nicholai, et beati Thome. Item iij altaria, quorum vnum dedicatum in honore beate Marie, et aliud dedicatum in honore beatorum Michaelis et Nicholai, cum ij tabulis honeste depictis et coopertis. iij tualliis non benedictis. Item iiij pallee benedicte pertinentes ad dicta altaria ecclesie. Item j pheretrum b pro mortuis. Item j scala magna et j parua scala pro cereis illuminandis. Item deficit vnum tapetum pro mortuis cooperiendis. Item ij campanule. Item vna crux lignea port atilis. Item iij vexilla honesta. Item luminare in eadem naui. Item cancellum melius cooperiendum. Item sedilia satis dis - a That is, on Tuesday, October 1. b Plicretrum , feretrum, a bier. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 21 tincta cum formulis et lectrinis. Item pannus lectrinus. Item j Ordinale de vsu Sancti Pauli, cum psalterio, ympnario notato. Legenda de comuni sanctorum et responsoriis notatis, capitulario et collectario, kalendario in eodem volumine. Item vna legenda de temporali et sanctorum ab aduentu Domini usque ad pascbam, cum responsoriis et antiplionis notatis, cum psalterio, capitulario, et collectario. Item alia legenda cum kalendario a pascha usque ad aduentum Domini de temporali et sanctorum et comuni sanctorum, cum responsoriis et antiphonariis, et ympnario notato, cum capitu- lario, et collectario, in eodem volumine. Item j antiphonarium notatum. Item liber de incepcione ympnorum notata, cum statutis Fulconis. Item liber in quo continetur Capitularium, collectarium, Martilogium, legenda Sancti Thome et Sancti Edmundi confessoris, dedicacione ecclesie cum responsoriis et antiplionis notatis. Item uenitarium per se cum incepcione ympnorum notata, et cum responsoriis beati Thome notatis. Item j processionale per se. Item duo gradualia notata cum procession- alibus in parte troparij. Item j troparium. Item j epistolarium per se. Item j Missale honestum bene notatum cum tropario et kalendario. Item j Manuale in quo continetur officium baptis- morum et mortuorum et sponsalium. Item Capitula Octoboni et statuti a J. Pecham. Item j vestimentum festiuale cum paruris ad albam et amictum de pallo rubeo, et stola et manipula de eadem secta, cum casula de fusteyn.* Item aliud vestimentum dominicale cum paruris ad albam de pillo, et parura amicti, stola, et manipula de serico consuta. Item casula de pallo. Item aliud vestimentum cum paruris de pallo, et stola et manipula eiusdem secte, sine casula. Item aliud vestimentum feriale cum paruris, stola et manipula de pallo. Item ij corporalia, j cum vna teca de pallo, et alia teca de serico consuto. Item velum quadragesimale stragu- latum. Item tunica et dalmatica pallo. b Item vna cuppa chori de pallo cum fregis c de aurifrisio. Item ij panni offertorii. Item ij * Here follow nearly two pages of re- petition owing to error of scribe, p. 45b. b j Pallo. So in text for de pallo. a Statuti. So in text for statuta. c Cum fregis : with orphreys. 22 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 46. pallee beneaicte, quarum vna cum parura de pallo et ij pallee defi- ciunt. Item iij superpellicia debilia. Item ij roclieta. Item iij manutergia. Item ij abstersoria. Item velamen ultra altare de panno lineo. Item j frontale ad altare de pallo. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item altare lapideum integrum dedicatum. Item j pixis eburnea ultra altare cum serura, ligatur argento, cum papilione.® Item j calix argenteus deauratus ponderis xxiiijs. Item j calix stagneus sine patena. Item plriale. Item peluis stagnea. Item j pixis lignea de serico consuta ad oblatas. Item j turribulum debile melius catenandum. Item j nauis stagnea ad incensum cum cocleari. Item deficit vas ad carbones in yeme. Item ij sconse. Item j capsa. Item candelabrum cerei paschalis. Item vna lucerna. Item j crux portatilis processionalis de aymallo. Item ij tinctunabula. Item ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item j oscula- torium depictum. Item j muscatorium de pauonibus. 1 ’ Item j hercia. Item j ferrum sculpt urn ad oblatas. Item ij ciste reposi- torie sub serrura. Item j pixis lignea cum pera ad deferendum cukaristiam ad infirmos. Item crismatorium de stagno sub serura. Item ymagines Saluatoris cum vexillo in manu, JSancti Pauli, beate Marie cum tabernaculo. Item parua crux super altare cum beata Virgine et Sancto Johanne eiusdem stature. Item tabula depicta ante altare honesta. Item luminare sufficiens. Dominus Andreas Yicarius babet viij oues precij viijs. et soluet per annum ad luminare cancelli xvjs. Item Henricus Smale babet j ouem matricem et j castricem et debet per annum iijd. Item Robertus senare babet j ouem matricem et debet per annum ijd. Johannes de Fonte babet j ouem matricem et debet per annum ijd. Robertus de Strode, Christina Doboles tenent j ouem et debent per annum ijd. Walterus Moune tenet j ouem matricem et debet per annum ijd. Heredes Coteman tenent ij oues et debent per annum a Papilio, a covering like a tent, cf % pavilion. Tents were called papilliones “ a similitudine parvuli animalis volantis,” i.e. a butterfly. b De pavonibus, that is, a fan of peacock’s feathers. CHAPTER OE ST. PATJl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 23 iiijd. Heredes Stacij Bamptone tenent vnam ouem matricem et debent per annum ijd. Sauarus Jones heres Jobannis Leuiynger tenet vnum castricem et debet per annum jd. Here ward de Fraxino tenet j ouem et debet per annum ijd. Heredes Alexandri de Marisco tenent ij vaccas et debent per annum ijs. Willelmus de Gildeford tenet j vaccam et debet per annum xijd. Adam Thurston tenet vnam vaccam et debet per annum xijd. Robertas Crut, Jordanus Crut tenent vnam vaccam et debent per annum xijd., et debent iiijd. de porcione vnius vacce. Ricardus Tedulph tenet ij castrices ad Tus. a Alexander de Marisco habet viij oues et soluet per annum ad rotellum b xvjd. Item Christina relicta Petri ij oues soluet per annum iiijd. Item Celestria de Spina j ouem et soluit ijd. Item Henricus Randolf j ouem et soluet per annum ijd. Johannes Munde iij oues soluit per annum vjd. Item Christina Brun j ouem, Henricus de Holta j ouem, Heredes Roberti Alfrich ij oues. Item Celestria de Spina. Item Roberti de Holta j castricem et debent per annum ad vnum rotellum jd., et predicti qui habent oues debent pro oue ijd. per annum ad dictum rotellum. Gilbertus Carpentarius et choheredes sui debent pro j oue ijd. ad luminare coram magna Cruce, Ricardus Jacob pro j oue jd., Huelma Tedulph debet pro ij ouibus iijd. Item eadem ijs. iiijd. ad predictum luminare per annum coram Cruce magna. Item Gilbertus Ymayne tenet vnam vaccam ad luminare coram parua Cruce et soluit per annum xijd. Item Ricardus Longus j vaccam et soluit xijd. ad idem luminare. Item Sauare le Pulete pro herede Roberti le Sauare tenet j ouem et soluit ijd. Alexander de Marisco tenet j vaccam et soluit per annum ad idem luminare xijd. Ricardus Longus j ouem et soluit per annum ijd. ad dictum luminare. Item Alexander Mercator habet j ouem ad luminare beate Marie et soluit per annum ijd. Henricus Smale tenet vnam vaccam et soluit per a Ad Tus. That is, to provide incense. t> Rotellum. The Rowell light (see Introduction). 24 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 46b. annum xijd. ad idem luminare. Ricardus Strut tenet vnam vaccam et soluit per annum viijd. Thomas Edwyne tenet j ouem et soluit per annum ijd. Item Relicta Ade Katerine debet pro j vacca per annum xijd. Item Adam Thurston debet pro vna vacca et vj ouibus ijs. Item Celestria Brunman debet pro j oue per annum ijd. Henricus Smalc debet pro iij ouibus per annum vjd. Item Herewardus de Fraxenio pro j oue ijd. Johannes de Monte pro j oue ijd. Christina Dobel et Willelmus Pilgrim pro ij ouibus iiijd. Item Heredes Liuinger pro ij ouibus iiijd. Item relicta Ricardi filij Thome pro ij ouibus iiijd. Item Willelmus Pilgrim habet terram Alicie de Bantone que debet pro vna vacca xijd. per annum. Item Sauarus Hendy pro j oue ijd. Item Johannes Roger pro vna oue ijd. Constantinus Jordan pro j oue ijd. Alexander de Marisco proij ouibus iiijd. Johannes dela Strode proj castricejd. Johannes Roger pro j oue ijd. Ricardus Longus pro j oue ijd. Ricardus vaccarius et Henricus Smale iiijd., et isti prescript! soluent ad luminare beate Marie. Kiukeby. Ecclesia de Kirkeby visitata die Mercurij post festum Sancti Kirkcby. Michaelis Anno Domini Millesimo CC m0 nonagesimo septimo. a Cimiterium melius claudendum. Campanarium cooperiendum. Item ij campane. Ecclesia consecrata in honore Sancti Michaelis. Hauis eiusdem ecclesie cooperienda_, fenestre vitree reparande. Item vas ligneum b ad aquam benedictam in introitu ecclesie. Item aliud vas de Stagno debile ad dictam aquam coram pro- cessionali deferendum. Item baptisterium lapideum decens opertum sub serura. Item nauis ornata ymaginibus, siiicet, Sancte Crucis cum beata Virgine et Sancto Johanne ex lateribus. a That is, Wednesday, October 2. b Vas ligneum. The holy water stoup, usually of stone or metal, is here made of wood (ns also at Thorpe, the two Pelhams, and elsewhere). CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IX THE YEAR 1297. 25 Item ymago beate Marie cum tabernaculo. Item saluatoris 7 Sancti Petri. Item in capella beate Marie ymago eiusdem cum taber- naculo. Item y imagines Sanctorum Tbeobaldi, Sancte Katerine, Margarete, Sancte Anne et Sancti Nicbolai. Item luminare decens. Item deficit feretrum pro mortuis pauperibus. Item ij campannle. Item ij cruces lignee portables. Item v vexilla bonesta cum dracone. a j par organum. Cancellum melius cooperiendum et naui ecclesie iniungendum, fenestre vitree barrande et reparande. Item sedilia satis distincta cum formis et lectrinis. Item j liber in quo con- tinetur psalterium cum kalendario, Ordinale de vsu Sancti Pauli London, Antipbonarium, ympnarium bene notatum, capitularium, collectarium. Item alius liber in quo continetur psalterium cum kalendario, oracionibus specialibus, exorcismo salis et aque, bene- diccione candelarum, officio comuni penitentiarum, benediccione Ramispalmarum, b cum officio cena Domini et vigile Pascbe, officio sponsalium et mortuorum, et ympnario bene notato, capitulario, collectario. Item Antipbonarium. Item j liber in quo continetur psalterium, kalendariuin, ordinale, capitularium, collectarium cum Antipbonis et ympno notatis. Item Legenda Temporalis et Sanctorum. Item alia legenda vetus et debilis. Item deficit Martilogium. Item j Graduale cum tropario et statutis Pulconis. Item aliud Graduale per se. Item troparium vetus et debilis Item j troparium de beata Yirgine cum legenda de commemora- cionibus eiusdem. Item j Manuale. Item omelie dominicales. p. 47. Item j Missale debile. Item Capitula Octoboni. Deficiunt statuta J. de Pecbam. Item libri ligandi, cooperiendi, et baspandi. Item pannus lectrinus. Item velum quadragesimale. Item deficiunt uelamina ymaginum in quadragesima. Item iij superpellicia. Item iij rocheta. Item manutergium. Item ij abstersoria. Item a Cum dracone. That is, I suppose, with the representation of St. Michael (to whom the church is dedicated) trampling the dragon under foot. b Ramisp aim arum. The office for the blessing of palms for Palm Sunday. Mr. Walcott says, Sacred Archaeology, that “at Malmesbury they still go in pro- cession, carrying catkins of the willow to St. Martin's Ilill on this day.” Flowers, box, or laurel were used in France. CAMD. SOC. E 26 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND velamina ultra sacrarium et altare. Item v pallee dedicate, quaram vna cum parura de serico consuta. Item vnum vestimentum principale cum paruris, stela, manipula, paruris amicti et albe de serico consutis, sine casula, Item j alba cum paruris de serico consuta et amictu de serico consuto, cum stola, manipula de serico contexta. j casula de samitto croceo cum bendis de aurifrisio. Item j vestimentum, sine casula, cum toto apparatu de pallo et parura amicti de serico consuti. Item vestimentum feriale cum paruris de pallo, parura amicti de aurifrisio, stola et manipula de filo lani et lini contexta, cum casula veteri de fusteyn. Item iiij paria corporalium cum iiij tecis, quaram ij de pallo et ij de serico consute. Item deficit cappa cbori, tunica, et dalmatica. Item ij filataria. Item pannus ofifertorius. Item puluinar de rubeo sindone. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item altare lapideum consecratum in honore Sancti Micbaelis. Tabula depicta altaris loco frontalis. Item petten eburneum. Item calix argenteus totum deauratus ponderis xls, ; et alius calix argenteus partim deauratus ponderis xij solidcrum. Item iiij pliiale stagnee. Item j peluis stagnea. Item pixis de lingno ad oblata. Item ij turribila catenanda. Item nauicula ad incensum cum cocleare de cupro. Item deficit ad carbones vas in yeme. Item j sconsa de cupro. Item j capsa. Item candelabrum cerei paschalis. Item luminare sufficiens. Item deficit lucerna. Item crux processionalis de ligno cum vexillo. Item ymagines Sancti Micbaelis, beate Marie cum tabernaculo, Sancte Crucis. j tinctinabulum. Item ij ceroferoria de stagno, quorum j fractum. Item ij osculatoria depicta. Item muscarium reparandum. Item j hercia. Item deficit ferrum sculptum. Item j cista repositoria sub serura. Item pixis eburnea appensa vltra altare, in alia pixide de ligno cum teca. Item deficit serrura ad eukaristiam. Item alia pixis cum pera ad deferendum eukaristiam ad infirmos. Item crisma- torium ligneum cum Oleo Sancto et crismate sub serura, et aliud crismatorium cum oleo infirmorum. Item mesuagium Yicarij cum gardino curtilagio continens j acram CHAPTER OP ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 27 terre et valet per annum ijs. Item Vicarius habet vij acras terre arrabilis quarum quatuor acre vocantur Merslond et iacent iuxta a pro quibus inueniet ij cereos processionales et iij iacentes iuxta Mesuagium et valet quelibet acra iij acrarum vjd. per annum. Et taxatur Vicaria ad xls. et valet comm unibus annis deductis p. 47b. expensis vj marcarum. Item liectorias dimissa est ad firmam pro xxxij Marcis et firmarius eiusdem percipit tarn decimam garbe domini quam parochianorum. Thorpe. Ecclesia de Thorpe uisitata die Jouis proxima post festum Sancti Thorpe. Michaelis Anno Domini Millesimo [CC m °.] nonagesimo septimo. b Cimiterium melius claudendum. Ecclesia dedicata in honore Marie. Item deficit campanarium. Item ij campane. Item nauis ecclesie discooperta, fenestre vitreande. Item vas ligneum ad aquam benedictam in introitu ecclesie cum aspersorio. Item aliud vas stagneum ad aquam benedictam processionarij. Item baptisterium lapideum coopertum sub serura. Item nauis ecclesie ornata ymaginibus Sancte Crucis, Sancte Marie et Sancti Johannis ex vtroque latere, Sancti Petri, Sancte Katerine, Sancte Margarete } et Sancti Nicholai. Item ij altaria non dedicata cum ij tabulis depictis, loco frontalium, cooperta cum ij tualliis debilibus. Item ij superaltaria consecrata. Item j pheretrum. Item j scala. Item j tapetum retro crucem. Item j tapetum pro mortuis pauperibus. Item ij campanule. Item vna crux lignea portatilis. Item iij vexilla. Item luminare sufficiens. Item cancellum melius cooper- iendum et nimis obscurum. Item fenestre vitree reparande et barrande. Item sedilia cum formis et lectrinis satis distincta. Item j ymago depicta pro lectrino in medio cancelli. Item j Ordinale de vsu Sancti Pauli cum ympnario. Item j psalterium 11 Left blank in the original manuscript. b That is, on Thursday, October 3. O Q VISITATION OF CHUKCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND per se cum kalendario, Item j psalterium cum legenda de temporali, responsoriis et antiphonariis non notatis. Item j Antiphonar- ium plenarium bcnum cum psalterio, ympnario, et kalendario, notato et bene ornato. Item j Antiphonarium male ligatum. Item Antiphonarium bene notatum set non usuale. Item j Legenda Sanctorum per se cum responsoriis et antiplionis non notatis. Item deficit Martilogium. Item j liber in quo continetur processionale et ordinale. Item vnum Graduale cum tropario. Item vnus liber in quo continetur officium baptismi, sponsalium, et mortuorum. Item vnum Graduale vetus non ligatum. Item Missale notatum cum kalendario cum prclacionibus notatis. Item deficit statuta synodalia, Capitula et Constituciones Octoboni. Item libri ligandi, cooperiendi, et haspiendi. Velum quadragesimale de panno lineo stragulato albo et blueto a cum rosis. Item iij superpelicia. Item iij roebeta. Item ij manutergia. Item ij abstersoria. Item j velamen vltra altare de quodam tapeto. Item j cortinum vltra altare de panno lineo. vii pallee benedicte, et vii pailee non benedicte, quarum ij de benedictis cum pannis de pallo. Item j vestimentum festiuale cum paruris albe amicti, et cum stola, amicta, et casula de pallo. Item aliud vestimentum dominicale cum paruris albe de pallo, amicti de serico consuto, stola et manipula de filo contexte, et casula de fusteyn. Item vnum vestimentum uetus debile et fraction cum paruris et casula ueteribus de pallo. Item vna capa chori, tunica, dalmatica de pallo. Item ij paria corporalium cum ij tecis de pallo. Item deficit pannus offertorius. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item altare confectum de calce et lapide cum lapide consecrato coniuncto in medio. Item tabula depicta loco frontalis. Item j pecten eburneum. Item j calix argenteus totum deauratus ponderis ij marcarum. Item j calix stagneus. Item iiij phiale. Item vnum manutergium de plumbo. 1) Item j peluis de stagno. Item ij pixides ad oblatas de ligno. Item vnum turribulum suffi- a Blueto , blue. b fS'io, but probably tlie scribe intended to write phiale de plumbo. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 29 ciens. Item j nauis ad incensum de lignis cum cocleare. Item vas deficit ad carbones in yeme. Item j capsa ad candelabrum cerei paschalis. Item deficit lucerna. Item luminare sufficiens. Item j crux processionalis de ligno cum vexillo. Item ij ymagines de beata Maria cum tabernaculis. Item j parua crux ultra altare. Item ilj tlnctinabula. Item deficiunt ceroferoria. Item j osculatorium. Item defficit muscarium. Item vnam herciam. Item deficit ferrum sculptum ad oblatas. Item ij siste repositorie sub seruris et vna pixis ultra altare ad eukaristiam de argento cum papilione et sub serura. Item alia pixis lignea ad deferendum eukaristiam ad infirmos cum pera. Item vnum crismatorium de stagno sub serura pro crismate et oleo. Item aliud crismatorium ligneum sine serura cum oleo infirmorum. Item vicaria ualet per annum computatis omnibus expensis iuxta taxacionem Norwycensem xls., a et secundum verum valorem non deductis expensis viij marcas et dimidium. Item Yicarius habet Mansum continens in se cum gardino et curtilagio vnam acram terre, et valet per annum vna cum columbario b dimidiam marcam et habet iij acras terre arrabilis, j siliciet que vocatur Prestespycel, et alie ij iacent iuxta mansum suum et valet qualibet acra per annum iiijd. Robertus atte Doune tenet v acras de Rectoria pro vjd. per Lumen beate annum. Item Thomas atte Cherche et Alianora nuper vxor Maiie ‘ Laurencij atte Cherche tenent v acras solucndas vid. per annum : et tenet iiij acras et dimidium in croftis que vocantur Cherchepycel. Animalia ad redditum assignata ad diuersa luminaria. Rogerus Molendinarius ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. ad lumen beate a Juxta taxacionem Norwycensem. “ Pope Innocent the Twenty-second, to whose predecessor in the See of Rome the firstfruits and tenths of all ecclesiastical bene- fices had for a long time been paid, gave the same (A.D. 1253) to King Henry III. for three years, which occasioned a taxation in the following year, sometimes called the Norwich Taxation, and sometimes Pope Innocent’s Valor.” Introduction to Taxatio Ncclesiastica Anglice et Wallice auctoritate P. Nicholai IV., circa 1291. b Columbarivm, The dove-cot. 30 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Ad lumen beati Petri, p. 48b. Ad lumen ante crucem. Cancello. Marie Robertus de Douna ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. ad idem lumen. Robertus Geruays ijd. pro j oue precij capitis xd. ad idem lumen. Andreas Amund’ ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Christina Geruays iiijd. pro ij ouis a precij capitis viijd. ad lumen beati Petri. Simon lilius Lucie ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. ad idem lumen. Mauricius le White xijd. ad festum Sancti Laurencij pro vna vacca precij vs. Henricus Carpentarius xijd. pro vna vacca precij v solidorum. Alianora la White xiiijd. pro j vacca precij xvjs. Thomas Bas vjd. pro iij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Christina Chapman iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij capitis viijd. / Basilia Doket iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij capitis viijd. \ Batildis ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. \ Robertus de Porta vjd. pro iij ouibus precij capitis xjd. / Willelmus atte Doune iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij capitis xd. \ Johannes Sauare xijd. pro j vacca precij vs. Thomas de Broca sustinebit vnum cereum in cancello quamdiu durant b pro j vacca precij xiiijs. Johannes le Uiler xijd. per annum pro j vacca precij viijs. Andreas Canape xvjd. pro vna vacca precij vijs. et pro vno oue precij viijd. Willelmus de Holta xijd. pro j vacca precij vijs. Rogerus de Graua xijd. pro j vacca precij vijs. Simon Body xijd. pro j vacca precij vijs. Ricardus atte Doune xijd. pro j vacca precij vijs. Thomas Robyn xijd. pro j vacca precij vijs. Willelmus Andreu xijd. pro j boue precij vijs. Radulphus Gerueys pro j cerco ardente ad omnes missas xijd. pro j vacca precij vijs. Item Radulphus ad idem viijd. pro j iuuenca precij iijs. a Ovift. So in MS. b Durant. So in the original. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297 . 31 Idem Radulphus ad idem xvjd. pro viij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Ricardus atte Doune ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Adam le Taillour ijd, pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Robertus Faber ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Botilda ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Johannes Gerard ij [d.] pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Alexander Robyn ij[d.] pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Hamund le Coliette ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Willelmus Karkere ijd, pro j oue precij capitis viijd. In capclla. Coram Sancta Katerina . Coram Sancto Nicholao. Alexander Robyn ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. 'Willelmus Doget ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Robertus Salone ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. CORAM BEATO .... Oliuerus xijd. pro vna vacca precij capitis vijs. Christina Grimes iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Simon Lucy ijd. pro j oue precij viijd. Mauricius le White xijd. pro j vacca precij vjs. CORAM BEATA MARGARETA. Margeria la Baker 5 viijd. pro iiij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Asselota Barun iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Rogerus Sprot ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Andreas Thurban vjd. pro iij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Ricardus Bakere viijd. pro iiij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Oliuerus Bancroft iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Ricardus Thorbarn vjd. pro iij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Thomas dc Broca vjd. pro iij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Robertus Barkere et Willelmus f rater eius iiij[d.] pro ij ouibus. 2 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Gunnora Bene ijd. pro j oue precij viijd. Botilda viij oues precij capitis viijd. Breteyne ijd. pro j oue precij capitis viijd. Rogerus de Graua vjd. pro iij ouibus precij capitis viijd. Milsenta ad columbarium iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Andreas Salicb iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Robertus de Douna ijd. pro j oue. Andreas Grym ijd. pro j oue Ad lampadem in Cancello. Thomas Bannges iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Alicia Hamund ijd. pro j oue. Ricardus le Barkere viijd. pro iiij ouibus. Walterus Scarp xijd. per annum pro j vacca precij vs. Ad LTTMINABE BEATE MARIE IN CANCELLO. Willelmus de Holta xijd. per annum pro j boue precij vijs. Radulphus Gerueys ijd. pro j oue. Sauarius de Prato vjd. pro iijd. [sic.] Castayna ijd. pro j oue. Ricardus Manutild’ xiiijd. pro vj ouibus. Willelmus de Holta ijd. pro j oue. Philippus Bancroft iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Gunnora Bene ijd. pro j oue. Christina Grimes ijd. pro j oue. Oliuerus pro j oue ijd. Meltota Chapman iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Ricardus de Stacera ijd. pro j oue. Matilda de Columbario ijd, pro j oue. Radulphus Gerueys ijd. pro j oue. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297 . 33 Ad ROTUNDALE. a Robertus Ouercokes iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij xxd. Radulphus Gerueys ijd. pro j oue precij x den. Johannes le Viler iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij xxd. Willelmus ate Doune iiijd. pro ij ouibus precij . b Thomas Turban iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Robertus Bene iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Ricardus Hamund iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Pakelota iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Vxor Sprot ijd. pro j oue. Roger us Bateman viijd. pro iiij ouibus. Ricardus Russel ijd. pro j oue. CORAM CrUCE. Alexander Robyn xijd. precij vijs. pro j vacca. Alexander filius Ricardi iiijd. pro ij ouibus. Alexander Robyn ijd. pro j oue. Auice Borgate ijd. pro j oue. Simon Lucis ijd. pro j oue. Henricus Cohere ijd. pro j oue. Et sciendum quod tenentes ipsorum animalium onerantur de redditu predicto annuatim soluendo ad quamcunque manum peruenerit, vel de rest-itucione facienda ecclesie dictorum animalium. WlCHAM. Ecclesia de Wicham visita die Sabbati proxima post festum sancti Michaelis Anno Millesimo CC° nonogessimo septimo. c p. 49b. a Rotundale. The Rowel i. b The amount is not stated. c That is, on Saturday, October 5. F CAMD. SOC. 34 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Cimiterium melius claudendum. Item campanarium ruinosum et sine tecto. Item ij campane. Item ecclesia non consecrata. Item nauis ecclesie melius cooperienda. Item fenestre melius vitriande. Item vas ligneum ad aquam benedictam in introitu ecclesie cum aspersorio. Item deficit a ad aquam benedictam coram processionali. Item baptisterium lapideum coopertum sine serura. Item nauis ecclesie ornata ymaginibus, videlicet, Sancte Crucis cum beata Virgine et Sancto Johanne ex eius lateribus. Item Sancte Marie cum tabernaculo, Sancti Petri 5 Sancti Jacobi, Sancti Nicliolai, Sancti Pauli, Sancte Marie Magdalene. Item j altare beate Virginis et superaltare honestum. Item, luminare sufficiens frontale dicti altaris debile de sindone. Item ij feretra. Item j scala. Item deficit vnum tapetum pro pauperibus mortuis. Item ij campanule. Item j crux lignea portatilis. Item ij vexilla honesta. Cancellum bene coopertum, sedilia bona distincta cum formis et lectrinis congruentibus. ltemj Ordinale per se de vsu Sancti Pauli. Item vnum psalterium cum ympnario, kalendario, Placebo, et Dirige. Item j portifbrium de vsu Sancti Pauli bene notatum. Item j veniterium cum tonali. Item capitularium et collectarium in voluminibus distinctis cum manuali. Item vna legenda temporalis et sanctorum. Item deficit Martilogium. Item vnum processionale. Item ij gradualia. Item j troparium, et aliud troparium deficit. Item j Missale debile et insufficiens. Item j Manuale bonum cum prefacionibus et canone Misse, et kalendario et graduali per totum annum notatum. Item statutis satuta b sinodalia etarticuli conciliorum. Item defliciunt statuta J. de Pecliam. Item libri melius ligand i et cooperiendi. Item j vestimentum cum parura, stola, et manipula, et casula de pallo. Item aliud vestimentum cum parura albe, stola, et manipula, et amicto de pallo, cum casula de fusteyn. Item j amictum per se cum paruris de serico consutis. Item vnus pannus lectrinus. Item j velum quadragesimale stragulatum. Item ij a No doubt we should read “ deficit vas.” b That is, of course, statuta. The scribe has written, in error, statutis satuta. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 35 superpellicia. Item j rochetum, j manutergium. Item ij abstersoria. Item j frontale de lineo panno cum bestiis consutum. Item j frontale ad altare beate Marie in naui ecclesie. Item iiij pallee benedicte sine paruris. Item paria corporalium, cum ij tecis de palio. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item altare lapideum non consecratum, cum superaltare consecrato honesto. Item deficit petten eburneum uel aliud sufficiens. Item j calix deficit. Item calix stagneus cum patena. Item ij pbiaie. Item j manutergium. Item deficit peluis stagnea. Item pixis vitrea ad oblatas. Item j turribulum sufficiens. Item vna nauicula stagnea ad incensum cum cocleare. Item vna sconsa uel j capsa. Item candelabrum cerei paschalis et luminare sufficiens. Item j lucerna. Item j crux lignea processionalis. Item ij tinctinabula, ii ceroferoria stagnea. Item osculatorium, et j muscatorium ; j cathedra, et j hercia. Item j ferrum sculptum debile. Item vna cista repositoria bene serrata. Item j pixis eburnea ad deferendum eukaristia ad infirmos. Item alia pixis lignea pendens ultra altare sub papilione et serura. Item crismatorium ligneum sub serura sufficiens. Item Rectoria taxatur secundum verum valorem ad Cs. et tenet P- 50 idem Rector xv acras terre arrabilis, quarum x acre iacent in croftis ante portam Rectorie, et v acre iacent in campo Tunnemanfeld ; et valet acra vjd. per annum vnde reddit per annum firmario manerij xviijd. Item mesuagium sufficienter edificatum et prouentus eiusdem vjd., vt in gardino et curtilagio. Item percipit de bladiis dominicis firmarius xxx malu garbam, et de aliis decimis minutam decimam, scilicet, feni, lane, agnorum, lactis, et consimilium. Redditus animalium assignatorum luminari in ecclesia. Coram altare beate Marie Johannes Cliasur habet iiij oues pro quibus soluit per annum ad in ecclesia. luminare altaris beate Marie xijd. Ricardus de Bosco pro ij ouibus vjd. per annum. Gilbertus Sigor pro j oue iijd. Isabella Sigor pro j oue iij. Domina Duce pro ij ouibus vjd. Willelmus le Straunge pro ij ouibus vjd. Henricus filius Benedicti le Stuer pro j ouibus vjd. Willelmus Frauncheuine pro j oue iijd. Matilda Coleman pro j oue iijd. 36 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Coram beata Maria in Cancello. Item Saburgh pro j oue soluit ad luminare beate Marie in cancello iijd. Item Willelmus le Straunge pro ij ouibus ad idem vjd. Johannes de Assenden pro j oue iijd. Willelmus Franchehom pro j oue iijd. Item Benedictus le Stiuur pro j oue iijd. Item Will- elmus le Straunge pro j oue ad ij torticias iijd. Item Benedictus le Stiuur pro j oue iijd. Bealchamp. Ecclesia de Bealcham visitata die Sancte Fidis virginis Anno Domini Millesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. a Cimiterium sufficienter clausum. Campanarium melius cooperien- dum. Item ij campane quarum vna fracta. Ecclesia non conse- crata ; hostium eiusdem ex parte aquilonis debile. Fenestre vitreande. Item vas ad aquam benedictam de plumbo in introitu ecclesie cum aspersorio. Item porticus ecclesie cooperiendus et ecclesie melius adiungendus. Item j vas stagneum ad aquam benedictam coram processionali cum aspersorio. Item baptisterium lapideum inferius plumbatum, coopertum sine serura. Nauis ecclesie melius cooperienda et ornata ymaginibus Sancte Crucis in medio et ex partibus diuersis eiusdem ymagines Sancte Marie et Sancti Johannis. Item Sancti Nicholai, Sancti Petri, Sancte Marie cum tabernaculo et ij angelis a lateribus. Item ymago Saluatoris, Sancti Jacobi, Sancti Johannis Baptiste, Sanctarum Margarete, Katerine, et Marie Magdalene. Item ij altaria lapidea non consecrata, et vnum superaltare honestum. Item ij tabule depicte ad dicta altaria supra eadem altaria. Item ij frontalia de lineo panno consuto cum lloribus et bestiis. Item j altare ligneum in solario b eiusdem nauis ex parte occidentali, cum ij ymaginibus a St. Eaitb’s Day is October 6, which this year fell on a Sunday. b In solario. Solarium often signifies a solar, soller, or upper chamber ; but here it is probably to be taken for svggestum , a platform. So Ducange, solarium, sug- gestum. Gall., Tribune. CHAPTER OP ST. PAULAS CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 37 Sanctorum Egidij et Eadmundi, cum ij palleis non benedictis debilibus, et frontale de lineo panno. Item in naui ecclesie sufficiens luminare. Item j pberetrum. Item j sella parua. Item j tapetum pro pauperibus mortuis. Item ij campanule. Item j crux lignea portatilis. Item iiij vexilla. Archa nauis ecclesie iuxta nauem ruinosam prost . . . . a Cancellum ruinosum et discoopertum pro defectu cooperture eiusdem, celatura corupta, fenestre vitreande. Item seailia satis distincta cum formis p. 50 b. congruentibus et lectrinis. Item liber qui continet prefaciones, secreta post communia tocius anni, et collectas et Martilogium et Ordinale cum kalendario et psalterio et ympnario notatis, cum capitulario, collectario, cum officio sponsalium et mortuorum. Item j Ordinale cum Martilogio et kalendario in tonali in vno volumine per se. Item j psalterium cum ympnario et officio mortuorum, Placebo, et Dirige, benediccione salis et aque. Item Antipbonarium bene notatum cum capitulario, collectario, psalterio, et ympnario, et kalendario. Item j psalterium vetus cum medietate versuum. Item vnum Antipbonarium per se totum. Item vna legenda de temporali cum responsoriis et antipbonis de veteri nota per se. Item j Legenda Sanctorum cum responsoriis et antipbonis de ueteri nota in volumine per se. Item ij veteres legende de temporali et Sanctorum non integre, cooperte corie. Item Graduate cum tropario. Item aliud Graduate sine tropario. Item troparium per se. Item j Missale notatum sufficiens cum graduali et prefacionibus non notatis. Item aliud Missale vetus de veteii nota cum kalendario. Item statuta sinodalia. Item deficiunt articuli. conciliorum, statuta J. de Pecbam, et Capitula Octoboni. Item libri male ligati. Item velum quadra gesimale decens. Item velamina ad ymagines in quadragesima. Item vela men ultra altare decens de lineo panno. Item sacrarium bonestum. Item j frontale altaris de lineo panno cum bestiis consutum. Item aliud frontale stragulatum cum a Prost. . . . The word is incomplete in the manuscript. Perhaps prostrata would be the full form. 38 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND aurifilo et bloico filo. Item iiij superpellicia honesta. Item ij rocheta. Item iiij manutergia. Item ij abstersoria. Item ij panni lectrini. Item vj palle benedicte quarum ij debiles et vna bona cum parura de pallo. Item j vestimentum festiuale cum paruris albe de serico consutis, et parura amicti de serico et aurifilo consuta, et stola et manipula de serico et aurifilo contextis. Item casula de pallo. Item aliud vestimentum dominicale cum paruris, stola, et manipula, et casula de pallo. Item aliud vestimentum beate Yirginis cum paruris, stola, et manipula, factis de quodam panno rome a stragulato, cum casula de rubeo syndone. Item j casula per se de alba samitta cum bendis de aurifrisio. Item j vestimentum debile et vetus cum paruris, stola, et manipula, de pallo, et casula de fusteyn. Item iij paria corporalium, quarum ij tece de baudekino, et vna teca de panno rome. Item capa chori stragulata de panno rome. Item j dalmatica et deficit tunica. Item pannus sponsalicius de albo panno. Item deficit pannus ofFertorius ad patenam. Item j altare lapideum non consecratum, cum vno superaltari. Item pettem eburneum. Item ij calices partim superaurati ponderis vnius marce, et sunt equalis ponderis. Item j calix stagneus. Item iiij pbiale. Item j uinigyre b de ligno. Item ij pelues stagnee. Item ij pixides ad altare oblatas. Item turibulum sufficiens melius catenandum. Item j nauis ad incensum cum cocleari. Item j vas ad carbones in yeme. Item ij absconse. 0 Item j capsa. Item candelabrum cerei pascbalis. Item j lucerna. Item luminare sufficiens. Item ij processionaria. Item j crux portatilis de avmallo, et alia crux lignea. Item ymagines Sancte Crucis cum Sancta Maria et Sancto Johanne, a lateribus a Panno rome, cloth of Rome. I do not find it named in the usual books of reference ; but Italy was famous for its silks, which were of remarkable richness. See Rock, Textile Fabrics , lxxi.-lxxvi. b Vinigyre , vinageriae. Vide supra, p. 14. c Absconse. Absconsa, coeca lanterna, qua monachi ut plurimnm utuntur in obeundis dormitoriis. — Ducange. That is, I suppose, a dark lantern. “Debet Prior cum absconsa accensa per ehorum ire, ac yidere quam regulariter sedeant.” — Lanfrancus, in Decrctis pro Ord. S. Benedicti, cap. i., sect. i. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 39 eius. Item Sancti Andree, Sancti Nicholai, Sancti Laurencij, et Sancte Osithe. Item ij Tintinabula et duo cerophororia stagnea debilia. Item ij osculatoria depicta. Item j muscarium. Item j liercia. Item j f'errum sculptum. Item j cista repositoria cum serura, et j armariolum cum serura. Item j pixis eburnea sub papilione et serura appensa vltra altare. Item j pixis cum pera ad deferendum eucaristiam ad infirmos. Item j crismatorium ligneum sub serura. Item j tapetum de Rexeis. a Yicaria taxatur ad c solidos secundum verum valorem, et habet xl acras terre, quarum x acre iacent iuxta Capellam Sancti Andree. Item ad paruam Brokes x acre. Item in Magna Broke xvj acre. Item in Croftis iuxta domos Yicarij iiij acre, et videlicet acra singulis annis iiijd. Item j graua b ij acrarum que valet per annum husebote et heybote ijs. c Item Mesuagium cum columbario, curtilagio, et gardino. Idem Yicarius habet tenentes Willelmum Faukes qui tenet j Mesuagium et iiij acras et soluit per annum eidem vicario iiijs. Item Robertus de Burneuile tenet j mesuagium et j acram et debet per annum xijd. Item Johannes Herberd tenet j acram et debet per annum iiijd. et non debent aliud seruicium Yicario nisi redditum. d Item viij denarii annui Redditus de dono Martini de Southmore, per cartam quam Yicarius habet. Pelham Furneatjs. Ecclesia de Pelham Furneaus visitata die Yeneris proxima post a Rcxeis, probably for Reyneis, Rennes in Brittany. b Grava, lucus, arboretum, fructetum, arbustum, nemus ; ex Anglico, a Grove : Saxon, Grcef \ — Ducange. c Husebote et heybote. “ The right of the firmarius to have timber for the bote or repair of the buildings, for the keeping up of the fences or haias , and also for firing, is recognised in distinct terms in the later leases.” — Archdeacon Hale, Domesday of St. Paul's , cxxvi. Here the words, De Galfrido Warde, have been partially erased. i. 51. 40 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND festum Sancti Dyonisii Anno Domini Millesimo CC° nonogesimo septimo. a Cimiterium sufiicienter clausum et mundum. Campanarium competens cum ij campanis sufiicienter cordatis. Ecclesia conse- crata in honore beate Marie Yirginis. Nauis eiusdem ecclesie melius cooperienda. Fenestre ecclesie sufiicienter vitriate. Yas ligneum ad aquam benedictam in introitu ecclesie cum aspersorio. Item aliud vas ad aquam benedictam coram processione cum aspersorio. Item baptisterium lapideum infra plumbatum coopertum cum serura. Nauis ecclesie decenter ymaginibus ornata, videlicet, Sancte Crucis, beate Marie et Sancti Jobannis ex vtroque latere, ij ange- lorum, et Sancti Johannis Baptiste, Sancti Micliaelis, Sancti Thome b Archiepiscopi, Sancti Andree, Sancti Jacobi, Sanctarum Marie Magdalene, Katerine, et Margarete. Item iiij altaria. Item luminare sufliciens. Item j feretrum. Item deficit magna scala in corpore ecclesie. Item j tapetum pro pauperibus mortuis. Item iiij frontalia ad dicta altaria debilia et fracta. Item ij campanule manuales. Item j crux portatilis coram mortuis, iij vexilla compe- tence. Item j superaltare ad altare ex parte australi, altare ex parte aquilonari dedicata. Item Cancellum integrum bene cooper- tum. Item fenestre vitreate et barrate, sedilia distincta cum formis congruentibus et lectrinis. Item Ordinale de vsu Sarum. Item j Antiphonarium plenarium notatum cum psalterio, kalendario, capitu- lario, collectario, et ympnario notato. Item j psalterium bonum sine kalendario, cum Legenda Sanctorum, et Statutis Fulconis. Item deficit j Antiphonarium. j tonale per se cum incepcione ympnorum de communi Sanctorum. Item j Legenda de temporali. Item deficit Martilogium. Item j liber processionalis. Item j Graduale cum tropario. Item deficit j troparium. Item j Missale bonum cum prefacionibus et gradualibus notatum. Ifem j Manuale bonum a St. Denis day is October 9, so the date is Friday October 11. b St Thomas a Becket. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297 . 41 plenarium et notatum cum kalendario. Item libri sufficienter ligati, cooperti. Item pannus ad lectrinum de lineo panno depicto. Item alius pannus dedyaper a rubeo stragulato. Item velum quadra- gesimale competens cum velaminibus ymaginum. Item ij super- pellicia maiora et ij minora. Item ij rocbeta. ij manutergia, Item ij abstersoria. Velamen vltra sacrarium decens. Item altare lapideum non consecratum. Item j frontale ad altare de lineo panno, p. et aliud frontale de dyaper rubeo stragulato, cum tuallio consuto eidem. Item superaltare competens. Item iiij pallee benedicte, quarum vna cum parura de baudekyn, et alia cum parura de pallo. Item j vestimentum principale integrum cum paruris et casula de baudekyn. Item aliud vestimentum dominicale cum stola, manipula, et paruris de Baudekino. Item tercium vestimentum fcriale cum paruris et casula de pallo, stola et manipula de rubeo sameto. Item ij paria corporalium cum j teca de rubeo sameto. Item tunica, dalmatica de pallo, et cappa chori de baudekino. Item ij puluinaria, quorum vnus latus de scuto de serico, et aliud de dyapro. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item pecten eburneum sufficiens. Item j calix argenteus deauratus infra ponderis ij sol. Item calix stagneus. ij pfiale et j vinagerium, et j peluis de stagno. Item pixis lignea ad oblatas. Item turibulum sufficiens, cum nauicula ad incensum et cocleari. Item vasculum ad carbones in yeme. Item ij sconse, vna de cupro. Item j capsa et candelabrum paschale. Item luminare sufficiens et j lucerna. Item crux de aymallo portatilis cum vexillo de rubeo sindone. Item alia crux portatilis de ligno. Item ymago beate Marie Virginis cum tabernaculo. ij tintinabula. ij ceroferaria stagnea. Item ij osculatoria, et j textum de ligno. 1 ’ Item muscarium. Item j hercia, et ferrum sculptum ad oblatas. Item j cista repositoria fortis, bene ligata et serrata. Item pixis eburnea ad eucaristiam sub serrura in qua portatur Eucaristia, oleum a Diaper; “a silken fabric, held everywhere in high estimation daring many hundred years, both abroad and in England. Rock, Textile Fabrics, xlvi. b Textum de ligno. Probably a Textus, or Gospel-book, bound in wood. CAMD. SOC. G 42 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND infirmorum, et rotulus vnccionis ad infirmos. a Item crismatorium stagneum sub serrura cum crismate et oleo sancto. Item aliud crismatorium ligneum sub serrura. Item piclier stagneum ad aquam. b Item ij candelabra lignea. Item vicaria taxatur ad duas marcas secundum verum valorem. Johannes le Taillour tenet v acras terre ct dimidium de domo domini Simonis de Furneaus pro j lampade ardente in ecclesia etiij cereis ad altare beate Katerine sustentandis. Item idem dominus Simon assignavit iij solidos annui redditus percipiendos de Salmone Wyncemore et heredibus suis xviij d. Et Waltero Pakeman et heredibus suis xviij d. ad sustentacionem ij torticiorum 0 ardentium, ad eleuacionem Eukaristie in cancello singulis diebus. Item prc- dictus dominus Simon assignauit ij solidos percipiendos annuatim de vij rodatis terre iacentibus in villa de Horemad, in campo qui vocatur Longeleye, ad sustentacionem vnius cerei ardentis in can- ello ad omnes horas aliis cereis non ardentibus. Pelham Arsa. Pelham Arsa. Ecclesia de Pelham Arsa uisitata in festo Sancle Edlburge virginis Anno Domini Millesiino CC m ° nonagesimo septimo. d Cimiterium male clausum undique et immunduay non con- secratum. Item campanarium debile, non coopertum, cum ij campanis male cordatis. Item patet ingressus in Cimiterium circumquaque. Item ecclesia non consecrata, stramine debiliter cooperta e cum debilibus hostiis male serratis et barratis. Item a Rotulus unccionis : a roll containing tlie Office to be said at the Administra- tion of Extreme Unction. b Richer stagneum : a water pitcher of tin. c Torticus, or tortisius : a torch. “ De Parochiartim eleemosynis sacerdotes procurent dnos fieri torticios, in Canone Missee ardentes, prout in Ecclesiis multis hactenus fieri consuevit/’ — Synodus Exoniensis, anno. 1287, cap. 4.— Ducange. d St. Adelburga’s day is October 12, which fell this year on a Saturday. e Stramine cooperta : thatched. CHAPTER OR ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 43 fenestre vitree barrande. Item in introitu ecclesie vas ligneum decens ad aquam benedictam cum aspersorio, et aliud vas stagneum ad idem coram processionali. Item baptisterium lapideum inferius plumbatum opertum sub serura. Item in naui ecclesie sunt ymagines, videlicet, in medio nauis ymago crucifixi pingenda, p. cuius pictura deformata per cadenciam pluuie de negligencia paroebianorum, cum ymaginibus beate Virginis et Sancti Johannis a diuerso latere. Item ymago Sancti Nicbolai. Item in parte boriali ecclesie ymagines Crucifixi, Sancti Jobannis et Sancte Marie modo predicto, cum ymagine beate Katerine. Item iiij altaria non dedicata, cum ij frontalibus ueteribus de panno, et vna tabula depingenda frontale. Item luminare insufficiens. Sedilia satis distincta. Item ij scale, j pberetrum. Item j tapetum de aresto a pro mortuis. Item ij campanule manuales. Item j crux porta tilis et ij vexilla. Item ij candelabra. Item cancellum stramine coopertum cum celatura bonesta ultra altare, cum fenestris vitreis barrandis et in parte uitreandis. Item sedilia competentia cum formis competentibus et lectrino, Item j Ordinale de vsu Sancti Pauli. Item j liber in quo continetur benediccio salis et aqne, Placebo et Dirige, cum psalterio, capitu- lario, collectario, ympnario, kalendario, et venitario, et incepcione ympnorum notatorum. Item j liber in quo continetur kalendarium, psalterium, legenda de temporali, cum bistoriis notatis, et cum capitulario et collectario. Item j liber de Legenda Sanctorum cum bistoriis notatis, cum collectario. Item Legenda de Temporali cum bistoriis notatis, et cum kalendario, capitulario, collectario, et ympnario. Item ij troparia et ij Gradualia cum processionalibus, quorum j cum tropario. Item deficit Martilogium. Item Missalc notatum cum kalendario et cum prefacionibus non notatis. Item j Manuale plenarium continens omnia officia que in manualia re- quiruntur. Item deficiunt statuta sinodalia, statuta J. de Pecbam, a Tapetum de aresto. A cloth as beautiful as it was rich, being for the most part cloth of gold. Aresta is used for any kind of covering. The material is named in the Inventories of St. Paul’s Cathedral. — Rock, Textile Fabrics, lxxxvii., Ixxxviii. 44 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 52b. Capitula Octoboni et Articuli Conciliorum. Item libri ligandi. Item ij -coopertoria lectrini de panno lini stragulato. Item vnum velum quadragesimale de albo panno lineo cum nigris crucibus. Item ij superpellicia. Item j rocbetum. Item ij manutergia, et ij abstersoria. Item velamen competens ultra Sacrarium. Item vnum altare lapideum non consecratum, cum ij superaltaribus consecratis. Item ij frontalia quorum j de bestiis consutum de panno lineo, et aliud de pallo. Item iiij pallee benedicte, quarum ij cum paruris de pallo. Item tapetum coram altari de lanno et lineo. Item iij paria vestimentorum, quorum vnum vestimentum festiuale cum omnibus paruris, stola, manipula, casula de pallo. Item aliud vestimentum dominicale cum paruris, albe de corio depicto, stola, manipula de fusteyn, parura amicti de serico consuta, cum casula de pallo. Item aliud de vestimentum feriale cum paruris de veteri pallo, stola, manipula, de lilo et serico contextis, cum casula de panno lineo, et est uestimentum valde debile. Item iij paria corporalium cum ij tecis, quarum vna de rubea samitta et alia de pallo. Item capa chori de baudekyno cum largo aurifrisio. Item deficit tunica dalmatica. Item ij pliilateria honesta. Item deficit pannus offertorius et pannus sponsalicius. Item pecten sufficiens. Item calix argenteus partim deauratus cum pede et patena aurnatis a et ponderis viij solidorum. Item alius calix stagneus cum patena. Item iiij pbiale. Item j vinagerium cum pelue stagnea. Item j pixis vitrea ad oblatas. Item alia pixis lignea. Item j turribulum bene catenatum cum nauicula et cocleari de stagno ad incensum. Item j vasculum fcrreum ad carbones in yeme. Item j sconsa, j capsa, j candelabrum cerei pascbalis. Item competens luminare in cancello. Item j lucerna. Item j crux de aymalo. Item alia crux processionalis lignea cum baculo depicto. Item ij ymagines beate Yirginis cum ij manibus deletis et tabcrnaculis fractis depingendis. Item j muscarium. Item j hercia. Item j tinctinabulum. Item ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item j osculatorium. Item Cathedra Ministri a Aurnatis'. possibly, ornatis. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297 . 45 altaris. Item vnum ferrum sculptum. Item j cista repositoria bene serrata. Item j pixis eburnea bonesta argento ligata, appensa ultra altare sub papilione collocata sub serura. Item alia pixis lignea. Item j pixis. Item j pixis cum pera de serico consuta ad deferendum eukaristiam ad infirmos. Item crismatoiium honestum sub serura de stagno continens subscripciones. a Vicaria taxatur ad vnam marcam. Aldbuhy. Yisitacio ecclesie de Aldebur’ facta die Jouis proxima post festum Sancti Dyonisij Anno Domini Millesimo CC° nonagesimo septimo. b Cimiterium vndique bene clausam et mundum. Campanarium ligneum bene coopertum cum ij campanis bene cordatis. Ecclesia non consecrata, integra cum minis tamen corrigenda et liostiis bene serratis. Item fenestre ecclesie ferro bene ferrate et vitriate. Item vas ligneum in introitu ecclesie cum aqua benedicta et aspersorio. Item aliud vas deficit processionale. Item baptisterium lapideum inferius plutnbatum opertum sub serura. Item nauis ecclesie decen- ter ornatur ymaginibus, videlicet, Sanete Crucis in medio et sunt ymagines ex dextra parte eiusdem crucis beate Virginis, Sanctorum Niclielai et Jacobi, et ex parte sinistra eiusdem ymagines Sancti Johannis Ewangeliste et ij ymagines beate Margarete. Item in quodam angulo ex parte sinistra ymagines Sanctarum Marie Magda- lene et Katerinc. Item iij altaria non consecrata, cum vno super- altare consecrato. Item luminare competens in eadem naui. Item sedilia satis distincta. Item j feretrum et j scala. Item j tapetum de aresto honesto pauperibus. Item ij cam Dane manuales. Item crux lignea portatilis. Item iiij vexilla eoinpetentia. a Subscripciones : the labels designating’ the particular oil contained in the chrismatory. b S. Denis day is October 9, the date is therefore Thursday, October 10. Aldebur’, 46 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Cancellum in parte cooperiendum cum fenestris bene ferratis et bene vitreatis. Item sedilia bene distincta cum formis et lectrinis congruentibus. Item j ordinale de vsu Sancti Pauli, cum collectario, capitular io, in vno volumine. Item j ympnarium notatum cum venitario ot legenda beate Margarete. Item j psalterium bonum cum kalendario in vno volumine per se. Item j liber in quo con- tinetur ympnarium, capitularium, collectarium temporalis et Sanc- torum, et antiphonarium bene notatum in vno volumine. Item vna Legenda de Temporali et Sanctorum cum omnibus historiis notatis, ympnario, et kalendario. Item deficit Martilogium. Item ij Gra- dualia cum processionalibus. Item ij troparia per se distincta. Item j Manuale plenarium cum omnibus officiis notatis. Item j Missale bonum bene notatum cum prefacionibus notatis, et kalendario, et cum canone bene correcto. Item deficiunt statuta sinodalia, Articuli Conciliorum, Capitula Octoboni et Statuta J. de Pecbam. Item libri competenter ligati et baspati. Item ymago beate Yirginis cum tabernaculo in cancello. Item vestimentum festiuale cum paruris ad albam, stola, et tnani- pula de baudekyn, et parura amicti de auro puro et syndone et fiactato cum aurifrisio, cum casula de rubeo sameto bendata aurifrisio. Item aliud vestimentum dominicale cum paruris ad albam, stola et manipula de baudekyn, et parura amicti de aurifrisio, et casula de pallo. Item aliud uestimentum feriale cum parura ad albam, amic- tum, et stola et manipula de pallo, et casula de fusteyn. Item ij paria corporalium, cum ij tecis, quarum vnade serico consuta ct alia de pallo. Item velum quadragesimale stragulatam de panno nigro et bloido. Item iij superpellicia competencia. Item ij rocheta. Item manutergium. Item j abstersorium. Item velamen decens ultra sacrarium. Item celatura ultra altare. Item j frontale festiuale honestum cum rosis consutis. Item aliud frontale dominicale de sameta stragulata cum floribus. Item aliud frontale feriale de panno lineo. Item aliud frontale super altare de panno consuto de floribus rosarum. Item pannus lectrinus de eadem secta. Item iiij palle benedicte, quarum ij cum paruris. Item j tunica et dalmatica de CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 47 nigra samitta cum aurifrisio. Item j cappa cliori de baudekyn vendata de largo aurifrisio cum lamine de auro. Item deficit pannus offertorius et puluinare. Item j pannus sponsalicius albi coloris. Item j tapetum ante altare de carde. a Item altare lapideum non consecratum, cum superaltare consecrato cum altitudine congruente. Item j petten ligneum sufficiens. Item j calix argenteus partim dcauratus ponderis x. s. Item alius calix stagneus cum patena. Item j pixis uitrea depicta. Item j turribulum sufficiens cum naui stagneo ad incensum et cocleari. Item deficit vas carbonum in yeme. Item ij sconse. Item j capsa et candelabrum paschale, luminare sufficiens et j lucerna, et j crux de aymalo cum lapidibus iniunctis, et vexillo. Item vna crux lignea portatilis. Item ij tinctinabula. Item ij ceroferoria stagnea, ij osculatoria. Item j muscarium. Item cathedre ministrorum altaris distincte, et j hercia, et j ferrum sculptum ad oblatas, j cista terre infixa, j pixis eburnea argento ligata ultra altare sub papilione et serura. Item j pixis cum pera et bursa honesta ad deferendum Eukaristiam ad infirmos. Item j crismatorium stagneum sub serura continens distinctas sub- scripsiones. Edificia vicarie in fundo laicali construuntur, licet ecclesie appro- priantur ex collocacione domini Roberti Baard Militis. Item Vica- rius percepit j d. annui redditus per manus Willemi le Madle de quadem placea. Item vicaria sua taxatur secundum taxacionem Norwycensum ad xx. s. Item Alanus Pese debet ad sustentacio- nem vnius lampadis in Cancello . 15 a Cadets, carda, cardmis. A silken stuff used for inferior purposes. “The outside silk on the cocoon is of a poor quality compared with the inner filaments, from which it is kept apart in reeling and set aside for other uses : this is Cadas.” One of the Lenten veils in the Church of St. Faith was of blue and yellow cardc, “ de carde croceo et indico.” — Eock, Textile Fabrics , xliii. b Amount not stated in the original manuscript. 48 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Saundone. Ornamenta et deffectus inuenta in Cancello de Saundone vna cum libris die Sabbati ante fcstum Sancti Luce Ewangcliste Anno Domini Millesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. a Cancellum male coopertum. Deficit Ordinale. Item j psalterium debile. Item j psalterium cum kalendario incepcione ympnorum, legenda temporalis et Sanctorum, cum responsoriis et Antiplionis. Item j portiforium plenarium notatum de collacione domini b Johannis de Abyndone Yicarij tunc ibidem. Item j Antiphonarium bonum cum capitulario, collectario, et kalendario, de usu Sancti Pauli. Item ij Gradualia. Item ij troparia. Item vnum Missale bonum notatum. Item vnum Manuale bonum cum Martilogio preter missale. Item Cancellum nimis obscurum. Item vnum vestimentum de collacione dicti Yicarij, cum paruris de opere saraccno, parura amicti de serico consuta, stola, manipula de pallo, casula de rubeo sameto cum bendis de aurifrisio, cum ij tualliis benedictis, quarum vna cum parura de rubeo sindone. Item aliud vestimentum cum paruris, stola, manipula de pallo_, casula de baudekyno cum bendis de aurifrisio frectato. Item tercium vestimentum cum paruris de veteri pallo, et casula de dyapro veteri. Item deficit manipulum. Item iiij palle, quarum j cum paruris de pallo. Item ij paria corporalium cum iij tecis, quarum j de serico consuto et ij de pallo veteri. Item velum quadragesimale bonum. Item ij superpellicia bona. Item ij rocheta. Item j manutergium. Item vnum abstersorium . Item pannus sponsalicius de pallo. Item altare lapideum consecratum. Item j frontale de lirieo panno cum scutis. Item aliud frontale uetus de pallo. Item j calix argenteus ponderis xxiiij, s. in parte a St. Luke’s day, October 18, fell on a Friday in this year ; the date is therefore Saturday, October 12. b The words collacione domini are accidentally repeated in the manuscript. CHAPTER OE ST, PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 49 dcauratus. Item ij pbiale, j peluis de stagno, pixis ad oblatas de ligno cooperta serico consuto. Item j turribulum bonum et nauicula ad incensum. Item j capsa. j candelabrum paschale. Item j lucerna. Item ij cruces portatiles de aumallo. Item vna magna crux ultra altare. Item ymago beate Marie. Item j tinctinabulum. Item ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item j muscarium. Item cista repositoria sine serura. Item j f'errum sculptum. Item deficit pixis eburnea ultra altare. Item vna pixis ad deferendum Eukaristiam ad infirmos, de ligno syndone coopertum. Item crismatorium de stagno, distinctas subscripciones olei Sancti, crisma infirmorum. Item Yicarius babet vnum mansum continens j acram cum domibus, gardino, et curtilagio, et reddit inde per annum jd. firmario de Saundon, et taxatur secundum taxacionem Norwycensem ad xls. Erdele. Ornamcnta libri et defectus inuenta in Cancello de Erdele die Erdele. Sancti Kalixti pape Anno Domini Miilesimo CC m0 nonagcsimo septimo. a Cancellum melius cooperiendum,etnauiecclesiemeliusiungendum, et fenestre vitree reparande. j Ordinale de usu Sarum, j psalterium per se bonum, aliud psalterium cum ympnario, Invitatorio, Agnus et Sanctus notatis. Item j liber continens portiforium sine psalterio bene notatus. Item Antipbonarium plenarium notatum cum capitulario, collectario, et ordinali notatis. Item aliud Antipbo- narium per se plenarium notatum. Item j Martilogium. Item ij gradualia cum tropariis. Item j troparium per se. Item vnum p. 51. Manuale bonum cum processionali. Item vnum primarium cum a St. Calixtus day, October 14, fell on a Monday in this year. H CAMD. SOC. 50 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND septem psalmis, et xv a , et Placebo et Dirige. Item j Missale bonum cum sequenciis gradualibus notatis. Deficit velum quadragesimale. Item jj superpellicia. Item ij rocheta. Item vnum frontale vetus de baudekyn. Item vnus pannus de pallo ex legato Magistri H. de Colingham . 13 Item iiij palee benedicte absque paruris. Item j vestimentum festiuale cum paruris, albe de samitto de aurifnsio consutis, parura amicti de aurifrisio, et casula de opere saraceno aurifrisio frectata. Item aliud vestimentum feriale cum paruris, et casula de pallo, parura amicti de rubeo samitto de aurifilo consuta. Item ij paria corporalium, cum tecis de pallo. Item j cappa ebon de pallo frettato aurifilo et parura vnius amicti de pallo. Item pannus lectrini de pallo. Item altare lapideum non consecratum. Item ij superaltaria. Item j pecten eburneum. Item calix argen- teus deauratus ponderis xs. Item pliiale, j uinagerium, et peluis de stagno. Item pixis ad oblatas de ligno, ij turribula et navicula ad incensum de stagno. Item j crux de ay malic portatilis. Item alia crux de ligno portatilis. Item ymago beati Laurencij. Item ij tinctinabula, ij ceroferoria. Item j osculatorium. j herciam. Item j ferrum sculptum ad oblatas. Item vna cista repositoria bene serrata. Item pixis eburnea, cum hernesio c argenteo sine serrura ad Eukaristiam, crismatorium de stagno sine serrura. Item Vicarius leuauit paruum mansum de consensu paroebianorum in cimiterio ecclesie, et babet xx acras terre arrabilis precij acre ij d., et sic traditur ad firmam. et precipit ad firmarium de Erdelee dimidiam marcam annuatim et terciam partem decime minutarum decimarum, et oneratur de ordinario redditu Arcbi [cliacono] . Et valet vicaria secundum verum valorem xls. tt Et xv. The devotion called l£ The Eifteen O’s.” — See Introduction. b A certain Hugh de Colliugham, who was a Prebendary at Lincoln, was succeeded in his prebend, 20 Dec., 1295. If the vacancy was created by his death, it seems very probable that he may have been the donor. c Cum hernesio. Ducange gives hernesium, harnascha, harnesium, armatura lorica. Our word harness is closely connected with this form. An ivory pix mounted with silver seems io be intended. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 51 Cadingdone. Ornamenta libri et defectus inuenta in Cancello de Cadingdone die Jouis proxima ante festum Sancti Luce Ewangeliste Anno domini Miliesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. 11 Cancellum bene coopertum et fenestre bene vitreate et barrate. Item deficit ordinale de usu Sancti Pauli. Item vnum Antipbonarium bene notatum cum capitulario, collectario, ympnario, psalterio, et kalendario. Item j Legenda de temporali et kalendaiio. Item j Legenda Sanctorum cum liistoriis notatis et communi Sanctorum et kalendario. Item vnus vetus liber de Legenda Temporali cum missis et kalendario. Item j liber processionalis cum benediccionibus pascalibus per se. b Item ij Gradualia sufficientia et ij troparia sufficientia. Item j Missale notatum sine kalendario cum prefaci- onibus non notatis. Item j Manuale plenarium notatum cum kalen- dario. Item j liber cum Placebo et Dirige sine psalmis. Item pannus lectrinus de lineo panno floratus. Item velum quadragesimale cum rubeis crucibus. Item iij superpellicia. Item j rochetum. Item j manutergium et j abstersorium. Item ij frontalia, quorum vnum debile et aliud bonum de pallo. Item j frontale de pallo stractum ultra altare. Item iiij pallee benedicte quarum vna cum parura de pallo. Item vestimentum festiuale cum paruris ad albain, stola et manipula de opere saracenorum, et parura amicti consuta de aurifrisio super nigram samittam, cum casula de rubeo samitto bendata aurifrisio. Item aliud vestimentum domini- cale cum paruris ad albam de veteri baudekyn, stola et manipula de albo serico contexte, parura amicti de serico consuta, cum casula p. 541,. de pallo aurifrisio bendata. Item aliud vestimentum feriale cum a St. Luke’s day, October 18, fell on a Friday this year ; so the date is Thursday, October 17. b In the Proccssionale ad TJsum Sarum (Leeds, 1882, reprint) will be found a scries of wood cuts illustrating the Paschal benedictions, 52 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Nota cle Vicaria. Kenesworthe. paruris albe, stola et manipula de pallo, parura amicti de serico consuta, et casula a de pallo dupplicato, bendata aurifrisio. Item ij paria corporaliiim cum vna teca de baudekino. Item altare lapideum non dedicatum. Item j superaltare non consecratum. Item j calix argenteus totum deauratus ponderis xxs. Item j calix stagneus. Item iij pbiale et j vinagerium. Item j peluis stagnea. Item j pixis vitrea et alia b lignea pro oblatis. Item j turribulum. Item j nauicula stagnea ad incensum. Item j sconsa. Item ij cruces de aymallo portables, et j crux lignea in medio altaris. Item ij tinctinabula. Item ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item j cista repositoria cum serura. Item j pixis lignea ad eukaristiam ultra altare appensa sub papilione. Item pixis cum pera ad deportandum eukaristiam ad infirmos. Item j crismatorium ligneum sub serura. Item Yicarius habet vj aoras terre arrabilis ad vicariam vna cum mesuagium, et valet acra per annum vj d. Item Yicarius soluit per annum prebende domini Eadulpbi de IJengbam c iiij d. et inueniet onera ordinaria pro dictis vj acris terre. Et taxatur dicta vicaria secundum verum valorem ad vj marcas et dimidium. Item \ /T icarius percipit tamcn tricesimam de minutis decimis domini et de prebcndario totam decimam. Kenesworthe. Ornamenta libri et defectus inuenta in cancello de Keneswortlie die Jouis in vigilia SanctiLuce Ewangeliste Anno Domini Millesimo CO nonagesimo septimo. d Cancellum integrum competenter coopertum et fenestre bene a The words et casula are repeated in the original text. b After alia the scribe has written stagnea, but has erased the word. c Ralph de Hengham was Prebendary of Cadington. In 1339 and in 1343 a person of the same name, probably the same person, was Prebendary of Asgarby, in Lincoln. d That is on Thursday, October 1 7. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 53 vitreate. j Ordinale. ij psalteria bona, j debile. Item jAntipho- narium notatum cum psalterio, ympnario notato cum capitulario et collectario. Item j Antiphonarium notatum cum capitulls collec- tariis et ympnariis. Item j Antiphonarium notatum cum capitulis collectariis et ympnariig. Item Antiphonarium notatum per se. Item Legenda Temporalis et Sanctorum. Item Legenda de Tempo- rali ab aduentu usque ad pascham. Item j Graduate cum tropario bene notato. Item aliud Graduate vetus per se. Item j Manuale. Item ij troparia debilia. Item j Missale bonum bene notatum. Item vnum Missale vetus notatum cum veteri nota. Item velum quadragesimale decens consutum cum bestiis delineo panno. Item iiij superpellicia. Item ij manutergia ablata per cappellanum. Item j manutergium. Item altare lapideum dedi- catuin in honore beate Virginis. Item j frontale vetus de dpt.* Item aliud frontale de pallo. Item ij pallee bone cum paruris veteri palio et serico consute in medio. Item tres pallee benedicte ablate. Item j vestimentum festiuale cum parura albe, stola, manipula de pallo, et parura amicti de serico et auro broidato. Item casula de pallo stragulata frectata de aurifrisio. Item vestimentum dominicale cum p. paruris et casula de pallo, stola, manipula de lineo filo contexto. Item j vestimentum feriale cum paruris de pallo, stola, manipula, et casula de fusteyn. Item iiij paria corporalium cum iiij tecis de pallo. Item calix argenteus deauratus in parte ponderis j marce. Item calix stagneus. Item ij phiale. j vinagerium de stagno. Item vna pixis ad oblatas de ligno. Item vna capsa ad candelabrum paschale. Item j lucerna. Item crux de aymallo portatilis cum vexillo de sindone. Item ij ceroferoria de stagno. Item ij oscula- toria. Item j tinctinabulum. Item j muscarium. j hercia. Vna cista repositoria ad vestimentum sub serura. Item j pixis eburnea ablata per quendam furem intrantem per fenestram nauis ecclesie. Item j pixis lignea depicla ad eukaristiam appensa ultra altare sub a I suggest, that the word, if extended, would be Tripoli ; the sense being that the frontal was made of silk from that place. 54 VISITATION OF CHUKCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND De Vicaria. papilione de filo. Item j crismatorium de stagno cum crismate et oleo sancto, et aliud crismatorium cum oleo infirmorum sub seruris. Item petten eburneum ablatum per dictum furem. Item pannus lectrinus de lineo panno bestiis consutus. Item ij ymagines beate Marie cum tabernaculo, et Saluatoris cum beato Thom a eidem adiuncto. Item Yicarius habet mesuagium quod fuerat nuper Rectoris per assignacionem Magistri Thome de Ingelthorpe quondam Decani a , pro quo faciet ordinario Archidiacono loci et habet xxx acras terre et valet acra iiij d. per annum. Item percipit de Camerario Sancti Pauli annuatim iiij marcas, et de firmario loci ij marcas, nec est vicaria sua taxata, et percipit a firmario terciam partem minutarum decimarum. Drayton. Yisitacio ecclesie de Draytone facta die Lune proxima post festum Sancti Luce Ewangeliste Anno Domini Millesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. b Cimiterium bene et competenter clausum, set in parte corrigendum. Item campanarium debile cum ij debilibus campanis competenter cordatis. Item ecclesia est consecrata, cooperienda. Item parietes ruinosi cum hostiis competenter serratis. Item fenestre ecclesie vitree barrande. Item j vas decens stagneum in introitu ecclesie ad aquam benedictam cum aspersorio. Item aliud vas stagneum ad aquam benedictam coram processionali. Item baptisterium lapideum male coopertum sine serura. Item nauis ecclesie decenter ornata ymaginibus, videlicet, Sancte Marie Virginis in angulo australi cum tabernaculis. Item Sancti Nicholai, Sancte Crucis et Salua- toris cum ymaginibus Sancte Yirginis et Sancti Johannis ex a Thomas de Ingelthorpe, who had been Archdeacon of Middlesex, Prebendary of Newington, and Archdeacon of Sudbury, became Dean of St. Paul’s in 1276-7. He was consecrated Bishop of Rochester in 1283. b That is on Monday, October 21, chapter oe st. Paul’s cathedral in the year 1297. 55 vtroque latere. Item in medio nauis ecclesie ymagines Sancte Crucis beate Marie et Sancti Johannis. Item Sancti Martini, Sancte Anne cum beata a sibi adiuncta. Item Sancti Johannis Baptiste, Sancte Margarete. Item iiij altaria in ecclesia, quorum ij non consecrata cum tabulis depictis et iiij tabule. Item luminare competens. Item sedilia in ecclesia satis distincta. Item j pheretrum. Item j scala. Item j tapetum de pallo veteri pro mortuis. Item j campanula manualis, et deficit alia. Item vna crux lignea portatilis ad infirmos, et iij alie cruces eiusdem forme. P- Item ij vexilla debilia de panno tincto. Cancellum bene coopertum cum fenestris vitreis bene barratis. Item sedilia satis distincta cum formis congruentibus et lectrino. Item deficit ordinale. Item j liber in quo continetur kalendarium, psalterium, baptisterium, officium infirmorum et defunctorum, et benediccio salis et aque, cum ympnario non notato. Item aliud psalterium per se non ligatum. Item j Manuale cum processionali. Item j liber in quo continetur legenda de temporali cum histoiiis notatis, capitulario, collectario, psalterio, et kalendario, et Statutis Fulconis. Item vnus liber in quo continetur legenda cum historiis notatis, capitulario, collectario, et kalendario. Item j Graduale cum tropario bene notato. Item aliud troparium pernotatum. Item j liber in quo continetur capitularium, collectarium temparalis et sanctorum per se. Item j liber in quo continetur pars manualis. Item j Misrale notatum sufficiens cum prefacionibus non notatis. Item deficiunt Capitula Octoboni et Statuta J. de Pecham. Item aliqui libri ligandi. Item pannus ad lectrinum de panno lineo stragulato. Item velum quadragesimale stragulatum de panno lineo. Item velamina ad ymagines. Item ij superpellicia debilia. Item j superpellicium furatum. Item vnum rochetum. Item j manutergium et j abstersorium. Item velamen lapideunF ultra sacrarium. Ttein deficit celatura ultra altare. Item j tabula depicta coram altari, a Beata, i.e. probably, bcata Virgine. b Velamen lapideum : There is no doubt an error here. Altare lap id non occurs a few lines lower down. 56 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 50. oco frontalis, et deficit frontale et vna cortura.* Item ij palle benedicte quarum vna debiiis et alia cum parura de pallo veteri. Item j vestimentum festiuale et dominicale cum paruris, albam de sindone broidata, et parura amicti de serico et aurifilo broidato, cum stola et manipula et casula de pallo. Item aliud vestimentum debile cum paruris albe, amicti, stola et manipula de pallo veteri, cum casula de viridi sameto stragulato et dilacerato. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item ij paria corporalium cum ij tecis de pallo. Item altare lapideum integrum non consecratum. Item deficit cappa chori. Item ij superaltaria cum congruentibus lapidibus. Item petten sufficiens de ligno. Item vnus calix stagneus. Item iiij phiale et vnum vinagerium cum pelui stagnea. Item j pixis vitrea et ij pixides lignee ad oblatas. Item turribulum catenandum cum nauicula ad incensum et cocleari. Item ij sconse et vna lucerna. Item vna capsa et j candelabrum debile ad cereum pascbale. Item luminare competens. Item j crux de aymallo processionalis. Item alia crux lignea porta tilis cum duabus ymaginibus Sancti Martini et Sancte Katerine. Item ij tin- tinabula, et ij ceroferoria stagnea, et j muscarium. Item j cathedra ministri altaris. Item j hercia. Item j ferrum sculptum. Item j cista repositoria sub serrura. Item j pixis honesta de aymallo cum catena de argento appensa sub papilione et serrura. Item deficit alia pixis ad deferendum eukaristiam ad infirmos. Item j crisma- torium stagneum sub serrura continens distinctas snbscripciones. Item edificia vicarie fundantur feodo laicali, et continet fundus in se acram et dimidium et valet per annum ijs. Item Yicarius habet xviij acras terre et dimidium, et valet acra per annum viijd. Item taxatur vicaria ad vcrum valorem ad xls. Item Henricus de Meikes inueniet vnum lampadem ardentem in cancello omnibus festis ix leccionum b tarn in uesperis quam matutinis. a Cortura: perhaps the same as Cordura^Couture, Gall. Sutura, Ducange, a hem. Possibly the word should be “ Cortina.” b Festis IX. Leceionum. Gregory VII. appointed nine lessons to be read on Sundays generally, and on greater festivals. The feasts of nine lessons of St. Paul’s Cathedral are indicated in the Statutes in considerable detail. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 57 Chiswick. Ecclesia de Chesewich uisitata die Jouis proxima post festum Sancti Luce Ewangeliste Anno Domini Millesimo CC m0 nona- gesimo septimo. a Cimiterium sufiicienter clausum. Nauis ecclesie male cooperta. Item campanarium cum duabus campanis non bene cordatis. Item ij vasa stagnea ad aquam benedictam cum aspersoriis. Item baptisterium marmoreum intus plumbatum cum serura. Item j scala. Item j feretrum debile. Item deficit tapetum pro pauperibus mortuis. Item ij campanule manuales pro mortuis. Item j crux processionalis vndique operta laminis argenteis, cum parua iconia lapidea. Item pomello cupreo deaurato. Item alia crux lignea portatilis. Item deficiunt iij vexilla. Item ij altaria de calce et lapide fabricata, cum ij frontal ibus de panno lineo stragulatis de vlridi et albo. Item ij candelabra stagnea. Item j superaltare. Item yinagines Sancte Crucis, Sancte Marie et Sancti Jobannis ex vtroque latere. Item altare beate Katerine, beate Marie Magdalene, et ad altare beate Marie et Margarete virginis. Item cancellum bene opertum cum fenestris bene vitreatis et barratis. j descha. ij lectrina. j Ordinale de ysu Sarum cum kalendario et historiis beati Thome Martiri. Item j psalterium bonum cum kalendario et ympnario, Placebo et Dirige. Item j Antiphonarium notatum plenarium cum kalendario, capitulario, collectario, ympnario, Placebo, Dirige, comendacione. Item deficit secundum antiphonarium. Item Lcgenda Temporalis et Sanctorum plenarium. Item deficit martilogium. Item ij Gradualia cum processionali. Item j troparium. Item deficit secundum troparium. Item Missalc moniale non notatum. Item aliud Missale antiquum debile. Item j manuale bonum de ysu Sancti Pauli. Item deficiunt Statuta Sinodalia, et Statuta J. de Pccham, articuli conciliorum, et Capitula Octoboni. n That is on Thursday, October 24. CAMD. SOC. I Ecclesia de Chesewich. 53 VISITATION or CHUKCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 56b. Yicaria. Item deficit pannus lectrinus. Item j velum quadragesimale competens. Item j superpeliicia bonum et ij dcbilia. Item j rochetum. Item ij manutergia ablata per fenestram nauis ecclesie. Item ij abstersoria. Item vnum frontale de siclatun. Item aliud de panno lineo inciso. Item ij pallee benedicte, quarum vna cum paruris de pallo, et ij pallee non benedicte. Item vnum vesti- mentum festiuale cum paruris albe de viridi pallo, cum stola manipula de opere saraceno, et casula de rubeo samitto, parura amicti broidata. Item vestimentum dominicale cum apparatu et casula de pallo. Item vestimentum feriale debile, cum casula rubea debili de fusteyn. Item parura per se ad j albam de pallo debili. Item j alba debilis sine parura. Item vna cappa cliori de pallo. Item ij paria corporalium cum ij tecis de pallo. Item deficiunt tunica dalmatica, pannus offertorius, et pannus sponsalicius. Item altare consecratum. Item calix argenteus intus deauratus ponderis x solidorum, deficit calix stagneus. Item iiij pbiale, j peluis stagnea. Item ij pixides lignee ad oblatas. Item vnum turribulum. Item deficit nauicula ad incensum. Item j crux jignea portatilis. Item ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item ij ceroferoria de cupro cum leonibus supportantibus. Item ij osculatoria. Item deficit vas carbonum inyeme. Item ij sconse. Item candelabrum paschale ad depictum. Item j lucerna. j hercia. Item j ferrum sculptum bonum. Item pixis lignea depicta ad eukaristiam ultra a in qua alia pixis consuta de serico cum lapidibus annexis. Item deficit pixis secunda ad deferendum Eukaristiam ad infirmos. Item crismatorium ligneum cum serura. Item edificia vicarie correcta et spectant Yicario ad xiiij acras terre etj acram prati et j marcam per annum de Camera Sancti Pauli. Rogerus de Camera habet ex legato Matilde matris sue viij oues precij capitis xijd. ad sustentacionem vnius cerei imperpetuum coram altari beate Virginis in naui ecclesie. a Ultra : sic, but probably ultra altare is intended. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 59 WlLLESDONE. Visitacio ecclesie de Willesdone facta die Mercurij post festum Willesdone Sancti Luce Ewangeliste Anno Domini Millesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. a Cimiteriuin melius claudendum, campanarium melius cooperien- dum. Item ij campane sufficienter cordate. Ecclesia consecrata in honore beate Marie. Nauis eiusdem melius cooperienda. Item vas ad aquam benedictam in introitu ecclesie de plumbo cum aspersorio. Item aliud vas ad idem de stagno coram processionali. Item baptisterium lapideum opertum sine serura. Item aqua fetida. Item pannus de sindone ad cooperiendum dictum baptisterium. Item ij altaria iu ecclesia lignea. Item j superaltare. Item vna tabula ante altare depingenda. Item j crux magna cum ymaginibus super trabem iuxta cancellum de beata Virgine et beato Johanne Ewangeliste, et j crux vetus iuxta columpniam ecclesie. Item ymagines beati Johannis Baptiste, Sancti Nicbolai, et Sancte Katerine. Item j crux portatilis de ligno. Deficit scala. Item deficit tapetum pro mortuis pauperibus. Item ij campanule. Item vnum feretrum. Ynum vexillum debile. Item cancellum sufficientur coopertum. Item fenestre ex parte orientali barrande. Item sedilia satis distincta. Item j psalterium cum venitario notato et kalendario. Item deficit psalterium. Item j portiforium notatum preter psalterium plenarium in quo contine- tur kalendarium et ordinale. Item deficit vnum ympnarium. Item vnum antiphonarium notatum. Deficit legenda temporalis et Sanc- torum. Item deficit martilogium. Item unum Graduale cum ordinale de missis. Item deficit graduale. Item j troparium bonum. Item aliud troparium debile et vnum sufficiens. Item vnum manuale cum placebo et dirige, officio mortuorum, sponsalium, extreme vnccionum, et peregrinacionis. Item j Missale de minuta litera a That is on Wednesday, October 23* 60 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND cum ordinale, litera de missis, efc kalendario non notato. Deficiunt statuta sinodalia, articuli conciliorum , et Capitula Octoboni et Statuta I. de Pecham. Item j Missale vetus non notation. Item velum quadragesimale de canabo debile, pannus lectrinus de pallo veteri. Item ij superpellicia quorum vnum debile. Item vnum rochetum sufficiens. Item j manutergium, j abstersorium. Item altare lapideum dedicatum, tabula depicta loco frontalis. Item frontale viride stragulatum de Cambric. a Item iiij palle benedicte, quorum ij cum paruris de pallo et sindone. Item vestimentum festiuale cum paruris, albe, stola et manipula de rubeo samitto, parura amicti de aurifrisio, et casula de pallo. Item aliud vesti- mentum cum paruris de pallo et casula de sindone crocei colons frectato de aurifrisio. Item tercium vestimentum cum paruris de pallo absque stola et manipula, et casula de siclatoun. Item ij paria corporalium cum tribus tecis, vna de serico consuto, secunda et tercia de pallo. Item deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item deficit petten. Item calix argenteus pro parte deauratus ponderis xvj solidorum. Item deficit stagneus. b Item pliiale. Item deficit peluis stagnea et vinagerium. Item pixis ad oblatas de ligno. Item tur- ribulum sufficiens. Item nauicula ad incensum de ligno. Item j sconsa. Item j capsa. Item candelabrum paschale. Item deficit vna lucerna. Item j crux portatilis de ligno. Item ij ymagines beate Marie cum tabernaculis. Item ij angeli cum turribulis. Item ij tinctinabula. Item j crux de aymallo fracta. Item ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item vnum osculatorium depingendum. Item j musca- rium. Item j hercia. Item ferrum sculptum. Item pixis eburnea ablata et asportata per fenestras in cancello. Item vna pixis de cupro deaurato ad deferendum Eukaristiam ad infirmos, cum pera de lineo panno. Itemj crismatorium stagneum sine serura continens distinctas subscripsiones, crisma olei sancti et infirmorum. a Cambric : Cambr’ in text. The name is said to be derived from “ Cambray, a city- in the French Netherlands, considerable for its linen manufactures, especially cambrics which took their names from hence.” — Bailey, Dictionary . b Deficit stagneus. So in mannscript, probably calix is omitted. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 61 Item mansum Vicarij cum gardino valet per annum xijd. Item Vicarius habetixacras terre arrabilis,prccium acre per annum jd. ob. ; ct perclpit de camera Sancti Pauli iiij marcas per annum: et taxatur vicaria secundum verum valorem ad xl solidorum. Panceacij, Visitacio ecclesie Sancti Pancracij facta die commemoracionis animarum Anno Domini Millesimo CC mo nonagesimo septimo. a Cimiterium melius claudendum et porta Cimiterij reparanda. Cimiterium etiarn fedadum animalibus. Porticus ecclesie cooperi- endus et naui eiusdem iungendus. Nauis ecclesie melius cooperi- enda et ij fenestre in eadem vitriande. Campanarium sufficiens cum ij campanis cordatis, et ignoratur si ecclesia sit consecrata. Item vas de plumbo ad aquam benedictam in introitu ecclesie cum aspersorio, et aliud vas de stagno ad idem in cancello cum aspersorio. Item baptisterium lapideum intus plumbatum et coopertum sub serura, fundens aquam per rim as. Nauis ecclesie ornata ymaginibus Sancte Crucis, Sancte Marie et Sancti Johannis ex vtroque latere. Item Sancte Marie ad altare eiusdem cum tabernaculo. Sancte Katerine et Sancte Marie Magdalene et Sancti Nicliolai ad altare eiusdem. Item ij cruces portatiles de ligno. Item deficit feretrum et tapetum pauperibus mortuis, et j scala. Item ij campanulc manuales. Deficiunt vexilla. Item cancellum melius cooperien- dum, et fenestre a parte orientali barrande et reparande. Sedilia satis distincta cum formulis et lectrinis. Item vnum Ordinale de usu Sancti Pauli, cum Martilogio et benediccionibus salis et aque. Item ympnarium notatum cum capitulario et collectario. Item vnum psalterium per se cum kalendario. Item vnum Antiphona- rium plenarium. Item Legenda Temporalis cum kalendario, capitu ■ lario et collectario, etystoriis notatis. Item alia Legenda Sanctorum 11 That is November 2. p. 57b. 62 VISITATION OF CHUftCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND cum collectario, kalendario, et historiis notatis. Item j Graduale bonum cum tropario. Item vnum Manuale plenarium cum venitario, et sequenciis de beata Maria, et aliis specialibus sanctis. Item vnum Missale bonum notatum cum kalendario melius ligandnm. Deficiunt statuta sinodalia, statuta I. de Pecham, articuli consiliorum, et Capitula Octoboni. Item pannus ad lectrinum sufficiens. Deficit velum quadragesi- male. Item vnum superpellicium competens et aliud deficit. Item vnum rochetum debile. Item vnum manutergium et j abstersorium debilia. Item ij frontalia ad magnum altare de lineo panno, j stra- gulatum de viridi et croceo colore. Item vj palle benedicte quarum vna cum parura de dyapro. Item vnum festiuale vestimentum cum paruris, et casula de pallo, et parura amicti broidata. Item vnum vestimentum dominicale cum paruris, stola et alio apparatu broidato, et casula crocea de samitto. Item tercium vestimentum cum paruris de pallo et casula de rubeo samitto. Item ij paria corporalium cum ij tecis de pallo, deficit pannus sponsalicius. Item altare lapideum non consecratum. Item j superaltare competens. Item pectcn eburneum. Item calix argenteus partim deauratus ponderis xvj s. Item deficit calix stagneus. Item ij pliiale et j vinagerium et peluis stagnea. Item vna olla vitrea ablatas. a Item vnum turribulum. Item vas ligneum ad incensum cum cocleari. Item deficit la nterna, deficiunt sconse et candelabrum Pascbale. Item vna crux de auri- calco portatilis, et alia crux de ligno portatilis, et alia paruula de aymallo. Item ymagines Sancti Johannis Ewangeliste, Sancte Marie cum tabernaculo, et Sancti Johannis Baptiste. Item ij tin- tinabula et ij ceroferoria stagnea. Item vnum osculatorium ligneum cum laminibus cupreis deauratis, cum lapide marmoris sixio b in medio. Item vnum muscarium, et j hercia, et ferrum sculptum ad oblatas. Item cista repositoria in camera Vicarij. Item pixis erea ad eukaristiam cum tabernaculo competenti subserura. Item deficit a Ablatas. So in the manuscript for ablata. b Marmoris sixio. So in the manuscript. I suspect that for sixio we should read “ fixo.” CHAPTER OE ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1297. 63 pixis ad eukaristiam deferendam ad infirmos. Item vnum crema- torium sub serura. Item edificia Yicarie ruinosa et male operta, et percipit id 9 m Yicarius de minutis decimis per annum circiter xxxs. Item domus Rectorie ccmpetenter cooperte set parietes earundem in parte melius plastrande, et pertinent ad dictam Rectoriam ij acre terre que valent per annum xijd. Item Paulinus le Botiller habet fructus ecclesie et mansum Rectorie ad firmam de Magistro Radulpbo de Juingbo firmario pro xxiiij.ti per annum. TWYFORD. Capello de Twyford visitata Anno gracie Milleaimo CC mo nona- gesimo septimo. Patronus dominus Willelmus de Kirkeby. Rector. Petrus de Sturm ere capellanus. Et ualerent decime maiores et minores si terre essent culte iiij marcas omnibus annis, et spectat ad eandem capellam manerium de Gunnildebur’ 3 quod valet omnibus annis 0 solidos. Cimiterium melius claudendum. ij campane pendentes super vim os. Capella non consecrata. Fenestre vitree reparande. Vas- culum plumbeum ad aquam benedictam cum aspersorio. Raptiste- rium plumbeum sine serura. Ymagines repingende. Crux lignea processionalis. Tria vexilla de serico sufficiencia. Nullum ordinale, vnum psalterium bonum; vnum Antiphonarium cum capitulario, collectario, inuitatoriis et ympnario; aliud Antiphonarium vetus cum Legenda de Temporali et Sanctorum; vnum Gradualecum tropario. Nullum processionale. ij Missalia antiqua et debilia, vnum Gregori- anum sine nota inperfectum. Aliud Ambrosianuin cum veteri nota. Libri omnes males ligati et sine haspis. Coopertorium de serico ad lectrinum. Nullum velum quadrage- simale. ij rocbeta, ij superpellicia, j tuallium abstersorium, iij pallee ad altare, vnde ij cum paruris serico contextis, vestimcntum integrum cum apparatu de baudekyn et casula de pallo ; Et alia a Gunnildehur now Gunnersbury. 64 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL. p. 58. casula de pallo stragulata; vna cappa chori de nioro sendaco. 3 Item stola et fanoun b de filo texto. Item vna alba ablata. Item vna tunica de viridi serico, j puluinar de serico rubeo, vnum frontale de serico. Altare marmoreum; nulla cortina ante altare; vnum super- altare de bycis. c Calix argenteus cum patena ponderis circiter xvs. iij. phiale. Pixis de serico. d Turribulum eneum bene catenatum. Vnum tintinabulum. iij ceroferoria stagnea, ij osculatoria. vna sconsa picta. j lucerna. j ferrum ad cblatas. Vna cista ligata ferro, cum duabus seruris. Deficit crismatorium. Domus Rectorie sufficientcs et spectant ad mansum Rectorie xv acre terre. Et deberent solid Rectori per antiquam concessionem patronorum iiij marcas de maneriis Tornton, Redecliue etWestbur\ Reliquie. Capucium Sancti Ricardi Episcopi Cicestrie e furratum minitto vario f bursa eiusdem de aurifrisio, in quo continentur multe reliquie. Item j vasculum de cristallo cum apparatu argenteo in quo continentur multe reliquie. Item rochetum Sancti Ricardi predicti. Dominus Henricus de capella fundauit capellam predictam, et contulit xij marcas redditus ad sustentacionem ij capellanorum celebrancium pro animabus progenitorum suorum, et vnam marcam ad sustentacionem capelle. j marcam ad augmentum Rectorie. Willelmus Chese de Holeburn executor testamenti Willelmi de Wendlingbery quondam Rectoris dicte capelle tenet portiforium spectans ad capellam. a De nigro sendaco. Cendalum. cendatum, & c. Tela subserica, vel pannas seriens. Gallis et Hispanis, Cendal. — Ducange. b Fanoun : a maniple. c Superaltare de byeis. Perhaps of boxwood, de buxis. “ The snper-altar in the earlier times of the Anglo-Saxon Church was a slight piece of oak wood about six inches square, having cut upon it signs of the cross and the name of the saint in whose honour it was blessed.” — Rock, Church , tyc., i. 250. d Pixis de serico. Probably a pix in a silken cover. e St. Richard, Bishop of Chichester : see Introduction, supra. f Minitto vario : that is “ miniver.” £ ‘ Pellis est cujusdam albse bestiolre, qua utuntur academicii senatores et juridici, ad duplicanda superhumeralia, togas, et stolas purpureas.”— Cotgrave. “ Capitium ejus non alio qnam menevero penula- tur.” — Fortescue, De Laudibus Legum Anglice. Cotgrave adds that miniver is the fur of the small weasel, menu-vair. YISITATIO ECCLESIAEUI PEE YILLELIUI SAY DECAEUM, A.D. 1458. Navestock. P- [Visitatio ecclesie parochialis de Nave]stok’ London’ diocesis et N* nostre Jurisdiccionis Decanus et Cap London^ per venerabiles viros dominos Willelmum Say Decanum dicte ecclesie Cathedralis a et Ricardum Ewen Canonicum Residen- ciarium et Stagiarium eiusdem ecclesie b die Mercurii, videlicet, xij die Mensis Julij, et hujusmodi die continuata ad diem crastinum tunc subsequentem, videlicet, xiij diem eiusdem Mensis, Anno Domini Millesimo CCCClviij v0 , c Indiccione d sexta pontificatus domini Calisti pape tercij Anno quarto. Johannes Scarlet Thoma Bukke Henricus Bette Johannes Prentys Franciscus Bury Johannes Rukke Thomas Janyn Ricardus Lincoln Gardiani. a William Say, elected Dean of St. Paul’s 21 November, 1457, and died 23 November, 1468. b Richard Ewen, prebendary of Mapesbury in St. Paul’s Cathedral, 16 May, 1458, according to Le Neve, but somewhat earlier on the authority of this inventory. A person of the same name was Archdeacon of Leicester in 1454, and Archdeacon of Lincoln in 1 458 ; he is probably the same person, as the date of the archdeacon’s death coincides with that of the canon. c That is on Wednesday and Thursday, July 12 and 13. d The Roman or Pontificial Indiction is a cycle of fifteen years, commencing A.D. 313 on January 1. Sec the “ Table for finding the Roman Indiction,” in Mr. Bond’s Handy Book for verifying Bates , edition 1869, pp. 253-255. CAMD. SOC. K 66 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND A sentencia excommunicacionis a auctoritate Constitucionum prouincialium in vos lata, vos et vtrumque vestrum absoluo et sacris ecclesie restituo. In nomine Patris, etc. Hie deficit exterior pars vestainenti de rubeo veluet^ et remanet orfranes de serico cum plumis pauonibus et cum albis, deficit unum corporate, una casula de panno aureo viridi coloris, cum alba samitta rubei coloris. Vnum Missale ij do fo. Antiphonaf Vnum Missale antiquum ij do . tentes, et tercium Missale ij do fo. exita, duo Antipbonaria ij do fo. liec oracio, aliud ij d0 fo. ex sion species et deficit principium libri. Ynum manuale ij do fo. finiantur. Vnum processionale ij do fo. tuam missus. Vnum paruum Gradale ij d ° fo. totum annum. Vnum Psalterium ij do fo. conspectu . Vnum superpellicium. Vnum thurribulum, caret pede ; iij a candelebra de tyn^ crismatorium. Havis ecclesie patitur defectum in le botras a The forms of absolution from excommunication given in the Pontificate Romanum differ from that in the text. Prom the lesser excommunication a priest may absolve in these words : “Auctoritate Dei Omnipotentis et mihi concessa, absolvo te a vinculo hujus excommunicationis quam confessus es, et a qualihet alia simili, si qua teneris, in quantum possum et deheo ; ac restituo te Ecclesiasticis Sacramentis. In nomine Pa + tris, et Pi -f- lii, et Spiritus + Sancti. Amen.” Prom the greater excommunication the bishop absolves, lightly striking with a rod the shoulders of the penitent kneeling before him, and saying : “ Auctoritate Dei Omnipotentis et beatorum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli, ac Ecclesim sum sanctm, et ea qua fungor, absolvo te a vinculo tails excommuni- cationis, qua ex tali causa ligatus eras. In nomine Pa + tris, et Pi -R lib et Spiritus -f Sanctus.” Pontificate Romanum, folio, Yenice, 1561, fo. 196, 197. b Velvet. Dr. Rock remarks that the history of velvet has yet to he written. The oldest piece which he had actually seen was “ in the beautiful crimson cope embroidered by English hands in the fourteenth century, now kept at the College of Mount St. Mary, Chesterfield.” In the inventory of vestments belonging to St. Paul’s Cathedral taken in 1295 there are chasubles of velvet . — Textile Fabrics , xlv. An inventory of the contents of the Lady Chapel in St. Paul’s in 1445 mentions, “ ij quissini a veluto rubeo, enbroudato cum cerenis et meremaidis arma tenentibus.” I have printed this inventory together with a very important inventory taken in 1245 in the Arcliceologia , vol. L. c Throughout this inventory the books are distinguished by the first words found on the beginning of the second folio. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 67 ex parte boreali. Campanile, cimiterium, sunt reparanda. Ynum vestimentum de nigro veluet Vnum vestimentum de panno aureo rubeo cum casula, tuniculis, albis, stolis, phanonis, a et vna capa. Ynum vestimentum de serico, due cape rubee de panno aureo antique. Yna capa antiqua cum arrnis, duo corporalia, due antique albe tunicule, tria superpellicia, quatuor paullee pro altare, quatuor frontella. Ynum velum quadragesimale. Yna crux de cupro cum basta deaurata, tres cruces antique de laton. Ynum thuribulum de cupro deaurato cum nave de tyn, vnum aliud tliuribulum de laton, duo candelebra de laton, quatuor de tyn, duo vasa pro aqua benedicta de laton, quatuor viole de tyn cum vna obba de tyn, b tria tintunabula, due campane manuales, tres campane in campanile insimul concordantes, cum vno sanctus bello, una tabula de alabaister cum gadeis c beate Marie, due manutergia pro festo Pascbe, due pixide pro sacramento de cupro, vna lanterna. Ynum candelabrum pendens cum diuersis brancbiis, de laton. Ynus calix de argento et deaurato, et alius in parte deaurato. Ynum crismatorium de tyn. Cancellum patitur defectum in coopertura tegularum, et in pauimento eiusdem, et in coopertura scindularum ita quod pluit super altare, et in diuersis partibus eiusdem prout nunc apparet ad occulum, eciam patitur defectum in fenistria, ut dicitur fracta per d Eicardus Hunt legauit octo marcas pro antiphanario que remanent in manus Johannis Morys. Johannes Turgeys legauit vjs. viijd. ad eundem antiphonarium. Johannes Turgeys junior legauit vjs. et viijd. eidem libro. Johannes Pelham senior xiijs. iiijd. Item vnum quarterium de malt ad sustentacionem dicti libri vnde perquisitum est xviijs. a That which the earlier inventory has usually called a maniple is here described as a phanon or fanon. (The word fanoun occurs, however, on page Gd.) b 01)ba de Tyn, a tin cup. c Cum gadcis. That is, of course, cum gaudiis. d Per. No name is inserted in the manuscript, 68 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Dicunt inquisitores dicunt a quod Henricus Bett subtraxit redditum. Item Willelmus Gennayn legauit xx ti s. ad susten. . . . ribus h Sancte Trinitatis et beate Marie, qui fuerit in manus Johannis Bukke jam [defuncti] . Item dicunt quod Cristiana Weldows legauit vnam vaccam ad sustentacionem luminis sepulcri, 0 que est in custodia Thome Grene et subtraxit earn per vj annos. Item Johannes Turgeys legauit vnam vaccam ad sustentacionem luminis Sancte Trinitatis, que est in custodia dicti Thome Grene et subtraxit earn per vij annos. Item Thomas Janyn habet vjs. viijd qui dicit se paratus ad restituendum. Item Thomas Kukke dicit se paratum ad restituendum iijs. iiijd. cum fuerit requisitus. Item Nicholaus Olyve subtraxit vjs. viijd. per ij os annos. Item Johannes Heywarde legauit vjs. viijd. ad sustentacionem ostii occidentalis. Item Johannes Turgeys legauit vjs. viijd. ad antipbanarium antedictum. Item Agnes Mocbet vnam vaccam ad sustentacionem luminis coram Imagine Sancti Petri, que est subtracta per ij os annos per Willelmum Wall. Item Willelmus Clerk de Becchach habet vnam vaccam ad sus- tentacionem luminis coram Imagine beate Marie. Item Bogerus Clerk debet ecclesie ijs. iiijd. a Dicunt. The word is repeated in the original. b Probably we should read, sustentacionem luminis coram altaribus. c The Easter Sepulchre was, says Mr. Mackenzie Walcott, “ (1) A chapel, as at Winchester. (2) A wall recess, usually on the north side of the chancel, as at Bottesford and Stanton St. John. (3) A temporary structure sumptuously enriched as at St. Mary, Redcliffe. (4) A tomb under which a founder, by special privilege, was buried. (5) A vaulted enclosure as at Norwich, which, like a sepulchre at North wold, has an aperture for watching the light without requiring the person so employed to enter the choir .” — Sacred Archceology. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 69 Item dicunt quod est voluntas parochianorum quod quidam Robertus Tympayn sit Sacrista istius ecclesie eo quod sit cantare. a Item dicunt quod Johannes Gerald administrauit in bonis Alicie Gerald matris sue sine auctoritate. Item Johannes Pelham legauit xiijs. iiijd. ad sustentacionem dicti Antiphonarij, qui remanent in manus Johannis Pelham junioris filij sui. Item Ricardus Scurlet habet vjs. viijd. ad legatum Thome Stondon, qui dicit se paratum solvere cum fuerit requisitus. Et dicunt Inquisitores quod nesciunt dicere de valore vicarie, nec nec in quibus valor eiusdem consistit. Johanna Clerk habet vnum auncellum b absollutum et fractum est. Katerina Clerk, iurata de fideliter respondendo super interroganda, dicit quod, die dominica proxima precedente festutn Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste vltimo preterito ad annum presens, erat ista iurata vna cum Ricardo Thersther alius Seller post meridiem eiusdem diei ambo sedentes in alto scanno domus patris istius iurate, vbi et quando ista iurata, et dictus Ricardus insimul de matrimonio inter eosdem contrahendo et habendo, communicarunt et tractarunt; et post hujusmodi tractatum et communicacionem inter ipsos habitos, dictus Ricardus dixit isti iurate Virgine, 66 Yeni ad me, pater tuus dicit quod Ego hahebo istam domum: Vis habere me in maritum tuum ? ” Et ista iurata respondebat et dixit isti, “ Si volueritis habere me in vxorem vestram, ego volo habere vos in maritum meum.” Et tunc dictus Ricardus accepit istam iuratam per manum suam et dixit eidem, “ Ego nunquam volo habere aliam mulierem in vxorem meam nisi te;” et ista iurata respondebat et dixit, u Et ego nunquam volo habere alium virum in maritum meum nisi vos.” Interrogata qui fuerunt presentes preter istos duos contrahentcs et vlterius dicit ista iurata quod dictus Ricardus a So in the manuscript. b Auncellum. Perhaps the same as aumncella, pro almucella, ut videtur, parva al mucin. — Ducangc. The word occurs again, infra, p. 80. 70 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND P 3 . contiilit isti iurate nomine arrarum. . . . vjs. viijd. in auro, et dicit ista iurata quod ipsa tradidit dicto Ricardo ij os annulos argenti, et mater istius iurate tradidit eidem Ricardo vnum annulum argenti et deaurati ad nubendum eandem, et grossum ad melius deaurandum, et dicit quod hujusniodi contractus semel habebatur, et non amplius. Ricardus Selle alius Therthesre juratus de lideliter respondendo super interrogandum dicit, quod parentes dicte Katerine et ipsa Katerina pluries loquebantur cum isto iurato ad habendum dictam Katerinam in vxorem suam. Cetera negat. Et tunc dominus Commissarius assignauit partibus predictis ad audiendum publicaeionem Responsionum suarum in crastino die apud Westle. a Et tunc dominus Commissarius assignauit dictis Gardianis ad reparandum dictos libros citra festum Nativitatis domini proximo futurum sub pena xx ll s. eiusdem libri, et in casu quod non sunt repara ti ad soluendum xls. appiicandos dimidiam partem ecclesie et alteram partem officio domini, et eciam liabent ad colligendum legata predicta citra eundem festum. Johanna Clerk vxor Johannis Clerk de Navestok libere con- dicionis 1. annorum etatis ut dicit testis productus admissus iuratus requisitus et diligenter examinatus. Et primo super noticia parcium predictarum, ad que dicit quod dictam Katerinam Clerk a tempore partus sue, quia mater sua naturalis est, et Ricardum Selle per ij os annos vltimo preterito bene nouit et noscit iste iuratus, vt dicit. Et vlterius etc. Vtrum nouit vel sciuit de aliquo contractu matrimoniali inter ipsos Katerinam et Ricardum habito, dicit dicta iurata quod presens erat in lecto suo quadam nocte contingente citra festum Carnibreuij b vltimo preteritum dictis Ricardo et Katerina protunc in aula istius iurate existenti- bus, et insimul de quodam osculo par Johannem Hyll communi- a This matter is resumed in the next paragraph but one. b Festum Carnibreuij. Carniprivium, et Carnis privium ; Tempus quo carnibus privari, et ab iis ahstinere incipiunt Tideles, ante jejunia Quadragesima, — Ducange. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUI/S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458 . 71 cantibus et ipsam repreliendante dicendo quod de cetero non erit ausa alicui osculare, vbi et quando dictus Ricardus dixit prefate Katerine, “ Tu fecisti conuencionem mecum et ideo de cetero non osculabis aliquem virum;” et erat concordatum inter istam iuratam maritum suum et dictum Ricardum quod vestes nuptiales de Musterdevyleons a essent emende erga festum pasclie ultimo preteritum, et quod ordinarunt vnum arietem et ancas erga festum nupciale ad numerum xxiiij ferculorum , 13 et tradidit ista iurata dicto Ricardo vnum annulum argenti et deaurati et vnum grossum ad melius deaurandum eundem erga dictum festum nupciale. Et dicit quod est communis vox et fama quod dicti Ricardus et Katerina insimul contraxerunt. Franciscus Bury husbondeman de villa predicta illiteratus libere condicionis xxxij annorum etatis, etc. quod dictam Katerinam Clerk per x et Ricardum Seile per ij os annos vltimo preteritos bene nouit etc. Ylterius etc. dicit quod per dimidium annum vltimo preteritum regnauit fama in tota parocbia predicta quod ipsi Katerina et Ricardus insimul contraxerunt, et aliter nescit dieere. Thomas Janyn carpentarius de villa antedicta illiteratus libere condicionis fere xl annorum etatis, testis etc. quod dictam Katerinam Clerk per xvj et Ricardum Seile per j annum et dimidium bene nouit etc. Ylterius etc. dicit quod publica vox et fama in parochia predicta et alijs locis conuicinis per dimidium annum laborarunt et laborant publica vox et fama. Et tunc dominus Commissarius publicauit dicte test! c . . . . et p. partibus predictis ad diccndum contra testes et eorum dicta in proximo exaltacionis Sancte Crucis, d et vlterius inhibuit eidem Ricardo ne contrahat cum aliqua alia mulierc si etc. ne pro- curet etc. a Musterdevyleons. Mustre de villiars, or mustard-villars, a kind of mixed grey woollen cloth, which continued in use up to Elizabeth’s reign. — Halliwell. b Ferculum , a dish or mess of food. c Probably testimonia. d Exaltatio Sanctce Cruris* September 14. 72 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Westle. Gardiani soluerunt pro contemptu in non comparendo coram decano ijs. Dominus Thomas Tortt soluit procuracionem suam vjs. viijd. Yicaria eiusdem ecclesie, vt in alia Yisitacione vno muro deluto, cum portis in eodem partibus orientali et australli orrei ibidem que sunt reparande, valde est ruinosa. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis beate Marie de Westle die Yeneris videlicet xiiij die mensis Julij anno domini predicto. Ynum Missale ij do fo. done. Ynum portiforium ij d ° fo. virtute tua. Ynam troperium ij do fo. nescit feminam. Yna capa serica viridi coloris, vna casula serica diuersi coloris, vnum vestimentum stragulatum dc serico, aliud vestimentum de Brod Alisaunder, a vnum canape cum pixide laton, vna tabula de alabastro cum passione Chiisti, vna crux de laton. Cancellum patitur defectum in tegulis. Item sunt due fenistre non vitree. j imago beate Marie de alabastro, iij baste pro vexillis, j hasta pro Cruce, vna cista magna que caret claui, vna campana in campanile, vnum Instrumentum pro lampade de laton, quinque paullee pro altare cum vno frontello, vnum manutergium pro festo Pasche, vna pixidis de cupro, vnum crismatorium de tyn, due viole cum utro de tyn b vnum supersilium, vnum tintunabulum, vna campana manualis, duo candelabra de laton, vnum aliud vesti- mentum sericum viridi coloris cum diuersis volucribus, vnum manuale ij d0 fo. mones , vnum thuribulum de laton. Cancellum patitur defectiuum in mure lapideo, in coopertura tegularum, et in fenistra vitria. Ynum vas pro aqua benedicta cum aspersorio de laton. Yna calix de argento parui valoris. Monitum est quod campane deportantur a vetri ecclesia vsque ad istam ecclesiam citra festum Pasclie alioquin ad encndum c aliam. a Brod Alisaunder. From Alexandria.— Rock, Textile Fabrics, Ixxxv. b Vtro. Uter, a bottle. c Vetri, enendum. So in the manuscript. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 73 Johannes Rygge firmarius habet scedulam ad mouendum dominum Henricum Pertt ad soluendum procuracionem suam tam pro ista visitacione quam pro alia, et ad exibendum literas ordinum suorum et titulum beneficij citra festum Exaltacionis Sancte Crucis. Visitacio ecclesie parochialis Omnium Sanctorum de Barlyng per Barlyi dictum dominum Decanumet Magistrum Ricardum Ewen canonicum predictum facta xix die mensis Julij Anno Domini predicto. Johannes Samuell Willelmus Spotell senior Willelmus Crowcheman > Johannes Trompyn Galfridus Cardinall Sunt ibidem vnum missale et patitur defectum in seruicio beate Marie ij do fo. Hec autem cantor e , aliud Missarum ij do fo. Scias dignus , vnum Gradale ij d ° fo. Hahitaculum , vnum Portiforium ij do fo. verum tamen , vnum Antiphonarium ij do fo. qui mittend , et quod p. 5. ligatur citra festum Natalis Domini, vnum processionale ij d0 fo. uis infunde , aliud vetus processionale a a noxa , vnum nouum Manuale ij do fo. lens tua et quod ligatur vt supra, vnus liber de oinelys ij d0 l’o. b Vnum vestimentum de rubeo veluet cum casula, tuniculis, et albis, stolis, phanonis, et capa. Aliud vestimentum de rubeo bawdekyn ex dono Walteri Walteri 0 Schyryngton. d Vnum ves- timentum album cum ramis de auro. Vna crux de cupro cum bacula et pede deaurato. Vnus calix mundandus, et vnum a Processionale. Probably ij d0 fo. is omitted. b ij d0 fo. Here tbe catchword is omitted. c So in the manuscript. d Walter Shirington, Prebendary of Lincoln, If December, 1420, died in 1448. He was Canon also of Sr. Paul’s Cathedral, where he was buried. — Le Neve. .Ricardus Heyward Thomas Heyward Gardiani Robertas Roger Johannes Hogge CAMD. soc. L 74 VISITATION OF CHtJECHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND vestimentum viridi coloris ad modum brodalisaunder. Vnum vestimentum nigri coloris, vna antiqua capa de serico viridi coloris deaurata. Ynum puluinare de panno aureo rubeo. Yna alia crux de cupro et deaurato, et alia de laton. Yna calix de argento et deaurato. Ynum turribulum de cupro deaurato, cum naue de ere, et aliud antiquum turribulum de laton. Yna pixis de cupro deaurato, alia de ivory, et tercia de laton pro conseruauacione a Eukaristie. Quinque casia cum corporalibus. Dua noua deosculatoria. Quatuor paullee cum duobus frontellis. Ynum manutergium pro festo Pasche et aliud paruum manutergium. Due paullee pro alta ]) in ecclesia* Yna vestis pro le candelbem c depicta cum passione Christi. Yna vestis pro cruce in quadragesima. Yna vestis pro lectrino, due vestes depictate pro summo altare cum duobus ridelis/ due vestes depictate cum pellicanis, e vna tabula de alabaistro cum passione Domini cum vna veste ad cooperienaum eandem. Ynum superpellicium, vnum cum manicis, et tres rocbete. Ynum paruum manutergium pro cruce. Tria candelabra de vna secta et duo candelabra de alia secta de laton, vnum vas pro aqua benedicta cum aspersorio de laton, due Campane manuales, tria tintunabilia, tres campane insimul concordantes, vna lanterna, duo flameola de cristall pro cruce, f tres viole de vna secta cum olla de tyn, vnum crismatorium de laton. Dicunt Inquisitores quod navis ecclesie tectum vna cum campanile et fenistre sunt debite reformata, vno boteras dumtaxat excepto. Cimiterium patitur defectum quod est in reparando, et deficit vnum spyndellum pro portu cimiterij. Fons custoditur sub serura, de crismatorio nescetur. Dicunt eciam quod Yicarius a So in the MS. b Alto-. So in MS. Probably altari. c Candelbem. The candle beam. d Ridelis. Curtains. e Cum pellicanis. The Pelican is a frequent symbol of the Redeemer. f Flameola. Possibly crystal rays jutting out from the cross. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458 , 75 non publicet xij os articulos etc : a et insuper dicunt quod cancellum patitur defectum in tecto et in pauimento, dicunt tamen quod dictus firmarius fecit conuencionem cum quodam carpentario ad conficiendum nouum tectum et dictus carpentarius habet xx ti s. nomine arrarum. Cetera nesciunt dicere. Yicaria stabulum patitur defectum in muris et coopertura cum stramine et quedam domus eidem annexa ; eciam patitur defectum in muriS; ostijs, et coopertura, cum stramine porte ibidem sunt fracte et defectiue : est eciam vna domus prope hujusmodi portas valde ruinosa, eciam domus prope le Cartebous multum patitur defectum quam in coopertura, tamen dicunt quod est in reparando. Coquina indiget reparacionem in coopertura tegularum. Aula, parlura, panteria, promptura, orreum b sunt in bono statu. Et monitum est Gardiano Ricardo Heyward presen ti et Thome Heyward absenti quod soluant clerico parochiali feoda illius seruicii sectam siue consuetudinem tenementorum ab antiquo cessatam sub pena quadrupli. Dominus Johannes Alcok exhibuit literas ordinum suorum . . . p. c>. et soluit procuracionem suam vjs. viijd. Et habet ad exhibendum literas sui presbiteratus et titulum beneficij sui in festo Natalis Domini proximo future. Tillingham. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis Sancti Nicholai de Tyllyngham per Tyllyngham, dictum Decanum et Canonicum predictum xxj die Julij Anno Domini predicto. a xij articulos. I have little doubt that this refers to the constitutions of Arch- bishop Peckham issued in 1279. The important constitution De sententiis cxcom- municationis publice denunciandis, is divided into eleven sections, followed by an address which might well be considered a twelfth article. — See Wilkins’ Concilia , ii,, 33-36. b Aula, etc. The hall, parlour, pantry, store-room, and barn. 76 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Willelmus Sawkyn Johannes Pecche Johannes Steuene Adam Steuene Thomas Dete Willelmus Jdyman \ Willelmus Grene Thomas Burge > Gardiani. Johannes Lorkyn \ Sunt ibidem vnum missale ij do fo. misericordiam , a aliud missale ij do fo. nostra, tercium missale ij do fo. ante, vnum gradale ij d0 fo. liec anti- phona , vnum antiphonarium de temporali ij d0 fo. gent, Aliud anti- phonarium sanctorum ij d0 fo. dicamus , aliud antiphonarium sanctorum ]j do fo. Victorem, vnum portiphorium b domine dominus noster , vnum processionarium ij do fo. substancia, aliud processionarium ij do fo. didisci , iij cium processionale ij do fo. oretur, vnum troporium ij do fo. qui regis , vnum Manuale ij do fo. sequuntur , aliud manuale ij do fo. unis, vnum ympnarium ij do fo. lita, vnum ordinale ij do fo. sancta, vnum Martilogium ij do fo. cantrariensis, c vnum sanctorum ij d ° fo. non vitulorum ; vnum vestimentum de panno aureo cum orphano d viridi coloris cum stellis et imaginibus deauratis, stola, phanone, amicta et albis. Aliud vestimentum de serico rubeo cum orphano viridi coloris cum stellis et imaginibus, cum cruce et Maria ac Johanne, albis, stola, phanone, ac tuniculis, et capa. Ynum vestimentum viri e coloris. Ynum vestimentum rubeum cum imagi- nibus aureis, stola, phanone, amicta, et albis. Ynum vestimentum de serico baudekyn cum lupis aureo. Ynum vestimentum de brodali- saunder. Yna pulcra tabula de alabaistro cum miraculis Sancti Nicholai. Yna alia tabula de alabastro in quadam capella eiusdem ecclesie de Resurreccione Domini. Sex mappe, tria manutergia pro festo Pasche, vna vestis de serico et alia vestis depicta cum miraculis a Miam in text, that is misericordiam. b Here probably ij d0 fo. is omitted. c No doubt Cantnariensis. d Orphano-. that is, an orfrey. 0 Viri. Probably viridi. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 77 Sancti Nicholai ad pendendum coram altare. Yna crux de argento et deaurato cum vna pede de cupro deaurato, Alia crux de cupro deaurato. Tercia crux de laton. Yna calix de argento deaurato et alie due calices de argento in parte deaurato, duo viole, vnum deosculatorium de argento in parte deaurato. iiij 0r viole de tyn, vnum thuribulum de argento cum naue et cocliare de argento in parte deaurato. Ynum aliud thuribulum, duo candelabra et vnum crismatorium de tyn. Ynum velum quadragesimale, vna vestis pro cruce in quadragesima, quinque vexilla, tria tintunabula, due campane manuales, quatuor campane in campanile concordantes, tria iiij. a superlectilia. Oancellum patitur defectum in tegulis. Nauis ecclesie stat in bono statu, tamen defectius in vna fenistra. Fons non custoditur sub serura. Dominus decanus ass [ignauit] Yicario et Gardianis ad audiendum p. que iura volunt ad inueniandum aque baiulum b vigilia Sancti Luce Evangeliste c proximo futuro. Johannes Chapman detectus est officio quod cognouit commatrem suam. Yicarius petit copiam composicionis sue inter Kectorem et ipsum. Johannes Pecok , Johannes London j ludunt ad talos et ad pilam [tempore] d Johannes Beiamy / diuini seruicij. Johannes Steuenson Willelmus Sawkyn et Bicardus Brygge dicunt quod tenementa prebendarum Beculueslond’ et Wildelond 5 non sunt reparanda per prebendarios sed per tenentes, et hoc secundum libitum sue volun- a Tria. Over this word has been written iiij, Superlectilia. Stragulum, quod lecto insternitur, vel etiam id omne quo lectus instruitur. — Ducange. In classical Latin stragulum means a mattras, coverlet, or pall. b Aqua} bajulus. A water carrier. c St. Luke’s Day is October 18. d The scribe has not inserted the required word, tempore or hora. 78 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND tatis eorum, et quod tenentes non soluerent redditum non teneantur reparare neque sustentare hujusmodi tenementa. Prebenda de Reculueslond’ nullum liabet situm manerij, sed tota est in manibus tenencium, preter vnum mariscum quam a est in manibus prebendarij, et ripe maris egent reparacioni qui per totum ad valorem v marcarum. Kentale patet in libro Decani* Prebenda de Raculueslond’ liabet vnum croftum pro situ manerij quod est in manus Prebendarij, sed non habent aliquos domos reparandos quia ibidem nulle sunt quo ad tenentes dicunt vt supra. Johannes Pecok submisit se eo quod tempore diuini seruicij ludit cum pila, sed negat quod lusit ad taxillos b et iurauit de stando mandatis ecclesie. Johannes Beniamyn, Johannes Stevenson, et Johannes London submiserunt se, eo quod luderunt ad pilam tem- pore diuini seruicij et iurauerunt etc. Et tunc dominus Decanus iniunxit omnibus subditis suis ne decetero ludant tempore diuini seruicij ad pilam vel taxillos sub pena vjs. viijd., applicando iijs iiijd . fabrice ecclesie et reliquos iijs. iiijd. ad voluntatem domini. Et vlterius monuit Yicarium, Gardianos, Constabularium, et Balliuum Manerij ad colligendum hujusmodi sex s. et iiijd. tociens quociens per lusores seu eorum receptores aut eorum fautores predicti sunt. Quam quidam monicionem dictus vicarius in presencia Magistri Simonis et Roberti Percy ac multitudinis parochianorum publicauit et declarauit exequendam. Heybridge. Heybryge. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis Sancti Andree de Heybrygge per a So in the MS. b Taxillus. Like talus, a dice. Pila , a ball . — See the curious counlet in Ducange, illustrating the many senses of the word : “ Est pila, pes pontis ; pila, ludus ; pila., taberna ; Pila terit pultes ; sed pila geruntur in hostes. Versus alius : “ Ludum laudo pilse, plus laudo pocula pilse.” (Puls, pultis i.c. porridge.) chapter of st. Paul’s cathedral in the year 1458. 79 dictos Dominos Decanum et Ricardum Ewen facta xxj die Julij Anno Domini predicto. Sunt ibidem vnum Missale ij do fo. omnibus , vnum antiphonarium ij do fo., a reparatur citra festum Natiuitatis Domini sub pena vjs. yiijd.: vnum processionale ij do fo. sequator, vnum gradale ij do fo. cheri , vnum portiphorium antiquum ij do fo. aspiciens , vnum Missale ij do fo. Ex syon , vnum antiquum Gradale ij d ° fo. et auditam, vnum Ordinale ij do fo. done, vnum Manuale ij do fo. tis , vnum psaltarium ij do fo. Cum inuocarem , aliud psalterium ij do fo. verba mea , tercium psalterium ij d0 fo. Multi. Yna capa rubea reparanda, vna capa blodij colons ex dono Nicholai Sturgeon, iij pallee pro altaribus in ecclesia. Ynus calix furata. Ynum crismatorium sine serura et habent ad clauendum cetera. iij puluinaria de serico. Ynum vestimentum rubeum, vnum vestim albi colons cum tuniculo pro ferialibus, vna casula albis, due cape viridi et rubei coloris et alia plena armis, tres mappe pro summo altari cum duobus frontella rubei et viridi colons, duo manutergia pro festo Corporis Christi, due vestes depixide cum imaginibus, vna tabula de alabaistro cum passione Domini, vna pixis de argento deaurato pro corpore Christi. Ynus calix de argento in parte deaurato ; tres cruces vna de cupro et alie due de laton, tria supercilia, b due candelabra stanni et due minora de laton, duo candelabra de tyn, due viole antique de tyn manuales. Ynum thuribulum cum naue de laton. Ynum crismatorium de tyn iacend. coram altare. Tres campane concordantes. Thomas Younge Johannes Berston Gardiani Thomas Freman Ricardus Tumour Johannes Halle Walterus Fraunceys Johannes Morell Robertus Bole Thomas Sprctte Willelmus Petibon a The catchword is omitted. b Super cilia. Superpellicea, surplices. 80 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Dicunt Inquisitores quod Viearius diebus ferialibus pro maiore parte celebrat in aliena ecclesia et non in ecclesia propria. Dicunt eciam quod Viearius ponit et reponit suos porcos et suas equas in cimiterio contra honestatem ecclesie; et dicunt quod vicaria valet annuatim x H communi estimacione. Dicunt eciam quod quidain Thomas Morell commisit fornica- cionem cum quadam Johanna Byrd que est impregnata, et aliunde contraxit cum quodam Johanne Paget et banna fuerunt inter ipsos publice edita. Dicunt eciam quod quidam Thomas Caunterburv subtraxit vnam lampadem, et Isabellam Parle eciam subtraxit vnam lampadem ; et quod abbas de Beley subtraxit vnum capellanum diuina celebra- turum per ij dies vel vnum diem celebrantem in ecclesia de Hey- brygge, iuxta composicioncm inde editam. Item dicunt quod Thomas Yong habet vnam vaccam ad vsum ecclesie soluendo annuatim xvjd., et Willelmus Sprote dedit ad lumen Sancti Johannis euangeliste vnam vaccam que est in custodia Thome Sprotte. Item dicunt quod dictum cimiterium ex parte occi- dentali male reparatur in defectum Johannis Rygges de London, et dicunt quod cancellum et porticus ecclesie occidentalis patuntur defecta in tegulis, et dicunt quod Alicia Saunder habet vnum auncellum. Dominus Robertus Style exhibuit literas ordinum suorum et soluit procuracionem suam vjs. viijd. Johanna Byrde iurata et interrogata dicit, quod quadam die dominica in fine autumpnali vltimo preterito Johannes Paget in presencia Walterj Aleyn et Johannis Bernard et vxorum suarum ac istius iurate publice dixit isti iurate, “ quod ipse vellet habere istam iuratam in vxorem suam si ipsa sola et soluta ab omni coniugali,” et ista iurata respondebat “ quod fuit sola et soluta ” : et dicit quod postmodum banna fuerunt inter ipsos trina vice edita, et quod Paget ipsam post edicionem hujusmodi bannorum carnaliter cognouit. Johanna Byrd non iurata dixit quod eodem die doininico quo Johanna filia sua contraxit cum Paget, eodem CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458 . 81 die contraxit cum Thoma Morell, et iurata dicit quod nichyll sit dicere super contractu. Walterus Aleyn, Miller de Heybrygge, illiteratus, libere condicionis, lx annorum etatis et amplius, testis jaroductus admissus iuratus etc. quod dictos Jobannam Byrde, Jobannem Paget et Thomam Morell a juuentute eorundem bene nouit et noscit etc. Ylterius specialiter interrogatus iste iuratus vtrum vel sciuit de aliquo contractu matrimoniali inter dictum Jobannem Paget et prefatam Jobannem Birde, dicit iste iuratus quod presens fuit iste iuratus vna cum dictis Jobanne et Jobanna ac Thoma Bernaurd et vxoribus suis in alta via Regia ville predicte, vbi et quando quodam die festiuali vltimo preterito vt credit, quo die nescit certitudinaliter dicere, vbi et quando a post capcionem dictorum Jobanni et Jobanne iste iuratus interrogauit prefatum Johannem b ad dictam Jobannam Byrd, qui respondebat et dixit causa matrimonij quia ipsam b vlterius dixit in presencia eiusdem Jobanne quod “ si ipsa Jobanna sit soluta, sicut ego sum, ego volo habere ipsam in vxorem meam ” ; et dicta Jobanna respondebat et dixit “ Ego sum sola et soluta, et si vos steteritis solus et solutus, ego volo habere vos in maritum meum.” Et ulterius dicit quod post hujusmodi contractum banna fuerunt publice in facie ecclesie edita per tres dies solempnes, quadam dies Veneris erat assignata ad solempni- zandum matrimonium et die dominico extunc sequente festum nupciale fuisset babitum, et nocte precedente dicti Thomas et Jobanna clam recesserunt. Et quod super premissis in parocbia predicta laborarunt et laborant publica vox et fama. Et quo ad contractum matrimonialem inter dictam Jobannam et prefatum Thomam nicbil scit deponere. Thomas Morell ps c principalis iuratus dicit, quod iste iuratus ct dicta Jobanna Byrde insimul communicarunt de verbis proland is coram ordinario cum fuerint examinandi et quod tempore hujusmodi communicacionis dicta Jobanna informauit istum iuratum quomodo a Vbi ct quando : these words are underlined with dots, as if for omission. b The MS. is here illegible. c p’s : probably, prosecutor. CAMD. SOC. M ■82 VISITATION OF CHUECHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND et qualiter coram eis diceret, videlicet sub liac forma, quod die lune post xv nam ante edicionem bannorum inter dictum Johannem Paget et prefatam Jobannam liabitam et proclamatam iste iuratus cum ea contraxit, sed de facto iste iuratus et dicta Johanna nunquam insimul contraxerunt sed quod solomodo ipsam carnaliter cognouit. Dominus Robertus Stylle, Yicarius dicte ecclesie, dicit quod dicti Johannes Paget, Johanna Byrd, Johannes Byrde et Johanna eius vxor, parentes eiusdem Johanne, diuisim venerunt ad istum deponentem et rogarunt eum quatinus ipse dignetur edere banna matrimonialia inter ipsos Johannem et Johannam Byrd: qui quidam vicarius ad rogatum eorundem bina vice per dies dominicales circiter festum Natiuitatis beate Marie a et tercia vice statim post festum sancti Michaelis preteritum hujusmodi, banna matrimonialia in facie istius ecclesie edit et proclamauit. Johanna Byrd abiurauit omnem societatem locum suspectum dicti Thome Morell. Et consimili modo dictus Thomas Morell in presencia dicte Johann^ abiurauit omnem societatem et locum suspectum prefate Johanne. Presentibus tunc ibidem Willeimo Terell de Beches armigero et Johanne Grene generosis testibus ad premissa etc. Dominus Decanus iniunxit Thome Morell absenti et Johan ni Morell patri suo quod prole dicte Johanne Byrd nato ipsi susten- tabunt, alimenitabunt, et nutrient, ac durante tempore partus sue ipse Johannes liberabit Ricardo Smyth vjs. viijd. ad inueniendum dictam Johannam tempore hujusmodi partus, necnon soluet seu solui faciat Johanni Paget tempore nupciarum ipsorum Johannis et Johanne xiijs. iiijd. Item soluet x s . post dimidium annum hujusmodi temporis nupciarum reliquos x s . in alio dimidio anno tunc sequente. Thorpe. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis beate Marie de Thorppe die Mercurij videlicet xxvj t0 die mensis Julij Anno Domini predicto. a The Feast of the Nativity of the B. V. M. is September 8. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 83 Laurencius Landemore Johannes Milcent Willelmus rope ) Johannes Coke > Johannes Tannere Junior ) Gardiani. Edmundus M . < . . Johannes Kent Johannes Landmore Sunt ibidem vnum Missale secundo fo. delude, aliud missale ij d0 Thorpe, fo. nem, vnum Portiphorium ij do fo. vint , aliud Portiphorium ij d0 fo. am, aliud Portiphorium ij l, ° fo. pre, ysqueque quartermnn de festo corporis Christi ij do fo. precium, vnum nouum gradale, domine, aliud vetus gradale ij do fo. fructum, vno legenda ij do fo. positis , vnum processionale ij d0 fo. effuga, aliud vetus processionale ij do fo. Orietur, vnum manuale ij do fo. deus. iiij manutergia. Ynum vesti- mentum de serico albi coloris, due tunicule albe de serico sine albe, iij corporalia, vna vestis pro cruce depicta cum imagine beate Marie et Resurreccione, iiij haste cum vestibus, tres rocheta, due campane manuales, vna vestis depicta cum quinque gaudiis beate Marie cum curteyns cum nomine Jhu. Ynus calix de argento et deaurato, et alia in parte deaurata. Yna crux de cupro deaurata et alia de laton. Yna pixis pro corpore Christi de laton, includens in se aliam pixidem de argento. Duo paria viol arum de stangno, duo deosculatoria. Yna tabula pro summo altare de alabastro cum quinque gaudeis beate Marie. Due mappe cum frontello. Duo manutergia pro festo Passhe. Ynum vestimentum viridi coloris, aliud blodij coloris, tercium nigri coloris, due cape blodij et albi colons pro festiualibus, vnum vestimentum albi coloris pro feriali- bus ; tres vestcs depicte ad pendendum super et coram altare cum imaginibus beate Marie, sanctarum Katerine et Margarete, duo vexilla depicta, vnum turibulum competens. Tria superpellicia fracta nullius valoris, velum quadragesimale de panno lineo, duo candelabra pendentia cum quinque branchijs de laton, tres campane manuales. Cancellum nauis ccclesie et campanile paciuntur defectum in coopertura scindularum, et in eodem sunt tres campane insimul concordantes. Muri siue parietes et fenistre vitree sunt in bono statu. Dicunt inquisitores quod testamentum Johannc Crosse nondum 84 VISITATION OP CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 11. Litera ad solempnizan- dum matri- moniura. probatur, Johannes Attegate et Matheus Beren sunt executores. Testamentum Dionisie Waytes non probatur, executores Johannes Kent et Robertus Fuller. Testamentum Johannis Herman non probatur, executores Edmund us Mone, Johannes Milsent. Item dicunt quod cancellus male reparatur. Kobertus Page adulterauit cum Agnete Payne alterius Juris- diccionis et habet ad penitenciam die dominica a Johannes Mone fornicavit cum Johanna Poppe et habet ires fustigaciones et iuratus, Kobertus Poppe fornicavit cum Isabella Chopyn vidua. Juliana Mone est impregnata sed cum quo nescitur, habet ad recipiendum penetenciam. Alicia Steven pronuba communis vnacum Johanna filia eiusdem meretrice. Johannes Cony adulteravit cum Alicia Saver et cum Anna Chaundeler vidua, qua cum dicta Anna custodit domum die ac nocte. Willelmus Felde communis diffamator vicinorum et presertim Willelmi Salew vocandus ipsum furem. Johannes Somter communis diffamator vicinorum suorum et presertim Johannis Tanner senioris vocandus ipsum u Soksowe.” Thomas Damyon | sunt receptores malorum hominum tempore Alicia eius vxor ( incongrue de quibus multum suspicatur. Dicunt eciam inquisitores quod Johannes Stevens debet ecclesie pro redditu duarum vaccarum xxvs. Item pro duabus vaccis cuiusdam Shope iijs. Item Johannes Lucy pro xvjd. \ Thomas permissione diulna Cantuariensis Archiepiscopus b etc. ( Dilecto nobis in Christo domino Johanni Campyon Rectori de a A blank in the manuscript. b The archbishop is Thomas Bourchier, enthroned Archbishop of Canterbury 26 January, 1455, Chancellor of England, and in 1464, “ Sacrosanctee Bomanm Ecclesiae St. Cyriaci in Thermis Cardinalis .” — See his epitaph. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 85 Beamond, siue eius deputato cuicunque, Salutem graciam et bene- dictionem. Quia Thomas Stotevyle de Cobham Norwicensis diocesis ct Anna House matrimonium ut asserint adinuicem legitime contraxerunt, illudque cupiunt et affectant inter se in facie ecclesie solempnizatum habere, vt igitur matrimonium hujusmondi in Capella, Oratorijs, ac alijs locis congruis et honestis diuino cultui dispositis vbicunque infra nostram prouinciam Cantuariensem situatis solempnizare possitis, a bannis in ipso actu solempnizacionis matrimonium vnica vice editis. Dumtamen aliud aliud b canone in ea parte non obstante, tarn vobiscum quam cum dictis con- trahentibus alijs hujusmodi solempnizacioni interessent ex certis causis nos in ea parte mouentibus, tenore presencium dispensamus et licensiam in domino specialem impertimur, Constitucionem prouincie in contrarium editam non obstante quibuscunque. In cuius rei testimonium etc. Datum in Manerio nostro de LamhytlF iiij to die Julij Anno Domini Millesimo CCCC mo lviij uo et nostic translacionis anno quarto. Kirkby. Visitacio ecclesie parochialis sancti Michael is de Kyrkeby xxvij Kyrkeby die mensis Julij Anno Domini predicto. Walterus Copy Robertus Felyx Gardiani Johannes Idyll Johannes Scony Robertus Brokes Willelmus Felyx Willelmus Sadeler JoHannes Carter Johannes Stal worth Johannes Broke Sunt ibidem vnum Missale ij do fo. filium , aliud antiquum Missale ij do fo. adiuuare , vnum Antiphorium ij d0 fo. pro filio , aliud Missale ij do fo. anima x , et aliud Antiphon arium ij do fo. ce videbo , vnum a Observe tbe wide range permitted by this licence. b The word aliud has been accidentally repeated by the scribe. 86 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND 12 . Gradale ij d ° fo. pater noster , vna Legenda ij d0 fo. vasculo , vnum Manuale ij do fo. condidisti , vnum processionale ij do fo. cionibus, aliud processionale ij do fo. exorcizo, vnus liber de Venite et seruicio Corporis Christi a fteliquarum et sancte Anne ij d ° fo. dixi } vnum Psalterium ij do cum exarcerit , aliud Psalterium antiquum ij do fo. ipsum , vnum antiquum Ordinale ij do fo. tamen reparatur. Ynum vcstimentum de panno aureo rubeo cum valenciis b et leporibus aureis. Ynum vestimentum de albo baudekyn pulsato cum armis viridis et rubeis ac falcis cum tunicis, albis, stolis, et plianonis, et capa eiusdem secte. Ynum vestimentum de panno aureo blodio cum leonibus aureis. Ynum vestimentum viridum de brodalys- aunder cum capa eiusdem secte. Due tunice albe antique sue albis. Aliud vestimentum de brodalisaunder cum coronis aureis. Yna capa cum casula fracta, cum alba, stola, et fanone. Yna casula glauci coloris sue albis. Ynum vestimentum blodij coloris stragu- latum cum albis, stola, et fanone. vj palle cum tribus frontellis. iiij viole de tyn. Duo vexilla noua deparata cum imaginibus sancte 'Trinitatis et sancti Michaelis. Ynus calix fractus, reparatus sub pena xxs. Ynus calix argenti et deaura tus cum imagine crucifici in pede, scripta Calicem saluiaris etc. Alius calix de argento et in parte deaurato cum ymagine crucifici in pede, et capitibus leonis in medio. Yna crux et turibulum de cupro et deaurato, cum vna nauis pro incense. Item in capella beate Marie vna tabula super altare cum gaudiis beate Marie. Duo candelabra de laton stantia, et duo minora de laton. Ynum candelabrum maioris quantitatis. Tria tintunabula, quorum vnum caret glosa. c Ties campane manuales, et vnum sanctus bell. Tres viole de tyn. Sex vexilla Yas pro aqua benedicta cum a Corpus Christi. In 1264 Urban IY. issued a bull ordering the celebration of tnis feast on the Thursday following the first Sunday after Pentecost. Bobert, Bishop of Liege, had ordered the feast to be kept throughout his diocese as early as 1246. — Catholic Dictionary. b Cum valenciis. Fringes. Compare the following passage from The Taming of the Shrew (ii., 1) : “ My house is richly furnished with plate and gold ; valance of Venice, gold in needlework.” c Glosa. The tongue or clapper. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 87 aspersorio de laton. Tres campane in [campanile concorjdantes, et altaria bene ornantur et reparantur. Dicunt Inquisitores quod cancellus patitur defectiuas in cooper- tura tegularum et corbellis. Nauisque ecclesie et cimiterium sunt in bono statu et dicunt quod Yicarius non publicat sententias generales etc. Item dicunt quod communi estimacione vicaria valet annua- tiin x 11 . Item dicunt quod quedam mulier hospitatur cum Thoma Clopton de qua multum suspicatur. Margarete Pepyr fornicatrix. Johannes Benet subtrahit firmam duarurn vaccarum quas habet in custodia sua xs. Qui quidam Johannes Benet habet ad soluen- dum xs. in festo Natalis Domini proximo futuro vnacum firma a festo sancti Michaelis quod equalitas inter ipsum et ecclesiam in eodem facto sub pena duplici, ac iurauit ad soluendum vs. circiter festum Omnium Sanctorum. Johannes Brounnyng subtrahit pro firma iij vaccarum vs. Thomas Forlok manucepit pro Willelmo Herman ad soluendum luminario ecclesie ix s . Alicia Poppes dcdit ecclesie vnam vaccam precij xs. et Johannes Ge rman est executor. Willelmus Sturgeon debet ecclesie pro firma vnius vacce iijs. Johannes Elyot fideiussor a Johannis atte Crosse habet vnam vaccam precij vjs. viijd. Johannes Northern habet vnam vaccam precij ixs. plegius. Johannes Elyott, Ricardus Gylford, et Johannes Stal worth habent vaccam precij vjs. Item ipsi Ricardus et Johannes pro debito ecclesie iiijs. Johannes Long debet v nobilia b Roberto Fayte defuncti que Robertus Sconny et Edmundus Mone executores dicti Robert! dedit ad reparacionem et vsum ecclesie. Robertas Bradle Yicarius a Fidejussor. Executor. b Nobile. Genus monetai Anglicae, vulgo noble d la rose. — Ducange. A rose noble. 88 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND P-13. soluit procuracionem suam vjs. viijd., sed non docuit dc literis Ordinum neque tituli suorum. Dominus Decanus assignauit Margarete Pcpyr ad proeurandum matrimonium inter ipsam et quendam Robertum Carpenter solempnizari citra festum sancti Micbaelis proximo futurum alioquin quod procedat ante processionem ecclesie. Dominus Decanus assignauit Thome Horlok vnam vaccam precij ixs. citra festum Omnium Sanctorum proximo futurum, sub pena dupli etc. Compertum est quod parochiani recusant soluere decimas croci a crescentis in gardianis Rectori, eo quod terre hujusmodi aliquando fuerunt arrabiles. Item pro testamento Jobannis Herman ijs. Item pro testamento Deuote Waych ijs. Item pro testamento Roberti Fuller ijs. Item pro testamento Roberti Petyvyll ijs. Johannes Hardyng ps principalis iuratus dicit quod quodam die dominico contingente in festo Natalis Domini vltirno preterito iste idem iuratus et Isabella Malt apud le stylle iuxta domum Agnetis Fuller vbi et quando communicarunt de matrimonio inter eos contrahendo et habendo, et post hujusmodi communicacionem iste iuratus eidem Isabelle dixit “ Ego volo habere te Isabellam in vxorem meam / 5 et dicta Isabella respondebat et dixit, u Ego volo habere vos in [maritum] menm,” qui fuerunt presentes, dicit quod ipsi duo tantum, et postmodum parum ante festum carnibreuij vltirno preteritum in domo. dicte Agnetis in presencia eiusdem Agnetis et Willelmi filij sui, Henrici Landamore et Johannis a Crocus. Saffron ; frequently employed for the seasoning of food and in medicine. “ It was formerly considered stimulant and anti-spasmodic, but is not now of any importance except as a colouring matter for pastry, confectionery, and liqueurs.” — Hogg’s Vegetable Kingdom , 771. Nicholas Culpeper, Gent. Student in Physick and Astrology, living in Spittle- fields near London, says that “ saffron powerfully concocts, and sends out whatever humour offends the body, drives back inflammations, etc.” — Pharmacopeia Lon- dinensis, 1653. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 89 Malt, et non plnrium, post prandium et ad hoc et ob illam causam ordinatum dictus Henricus Landamore interrogauit istum iuratum an vellet habere prefatam Isabellam in vxorera suam, qui dixit quod sic et tunc idem Henricus interrogauit dictam Isabellam an vellet habere prefatum Johannem in maritum suuin, que dicit quod sic dictus Johannes earn vellet habere. Isabella Malt iurata et interrogata dicit quod dixit quod vellet habere eum sub condicione, videlicet quod ipse expectare vsque ad finem anni sui seruicij, videlicet, festum Sancte Katerine proxL mum futurum, et si tunc diliget eum vellet ipsum habere. Agnes Fuller vidua 1 annorum etatis et amplius libere condicionis, testis etc. : Quod Johannem Hardyng per ij et Isabellam Malt per ij annos et amplius vlterius vtrum nouit, etc. Dicit quod quodam die contingente ante festum purificacionis vltimo preteritum presens erat ista iurata vnacum dictis Johanne et Isabella, Henrico Landamore, Johanne Malt, ac Willelmo Fuller, et non pluribus, in quadam alta camera domus istius iurate, vbi et quando post communicacionem de matrimonio inter ipsos Johannem et Isabel- lam habitant, dictus Henricus Landamore interrogauit prefatum Johannem Hardyng, an vellet habere dictam Isabellam tunc presentem in vxorem suam: qui dixit, quod sic et tunc pre- fatus Henricus interrogauit dictam Isabellam an vellet habere prefatum Johannem in maritum suum, que dixit quod sic, et vlterius dicit quod occacione hujusmodi matrimonium ante hujusmodi verba prolata dictus Johannes dedit eidem Isabelle vnum fiameneum de lanne, a et dicit quod super premissis etc. Willelmus Fuller mercerus de Thorppe predicta, aliqualiter literatus libere condicionis, xxj annorum etatis et amplius, testis etc. quod dictum Johannem Hardyng per v et Isabellam Malt per a Flavieneum de lanne. Flameum. Bande de voile, au aournement nupcial. Flcbmeolum. Petite dyademe ou petit paille, fermail petit, ou couvrechief. Flam- meolum Juvenali est amictus quo nova nupta tegi solebat. — Ducange, under Flawiineuni, Anglis, flannel. CAMD. SOC. N 90 VISITATION OF CHUECHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND ij annos vltimo preterito et vlterius, etc., dicit et concordat cum Agnete Fuller etc. Henricus Landamore husbondeman de Thorp predicta, aliqualiter literatus libere condicionis, 1 annorum etatis, testis, etc., quod dictum Johannem Hardyng a tempore iuuentutis a Isabellam Malt per ij os vel tres annos, bene, etc., vlterius etc., dicit et concordat cum dicta Agnete, hoc excepto, quod istemet iuraxus interrogauit prefatos Johannem et Isabellam. In presencia domini Decani et Ricardi Ewen, Robertus Poppe, Isabella Copyn, contraxerunt per verba de presenti et habent ad procurandum inter ipsos solempnizari, infra tempus inter ipsos limitandum. p. 14. Walton. Visitacio ecclesie parochialis Omnium Sanctorum de Walton per dictum Decanum et Ricardum Ewen canonicum die Sabbati vide- licet xxix die Julij Anno Domino predicto. Thomas Walter Johannes Mace Gardiani Johannes Maister Thomas Maister Johannes Baker Robertus Felld Robertus Goldyng Johannes Horlok Johannes Ikernan Johannes Miller Johannes [Oliuere] Johannes Carter Sunt ibidem vnum Missale ij do fo. ante , terciam aliud Missale de vsu Pauli ij d0 fo. quifuit, vnum Gradale ij do fo. Salus populi, vnum manuale ij d0 fo. effectum , vna legenda ij do fo. perdiderat , vnum processionale ij do fo. ens , aliud ij d ° fo. agnus , vnum psalterium cum Martilogio ij do fo. et cetera , vnum Antiphonarium ij do fo. dicitur . a A blank in the MS. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 91 Vnum vestimentum de serico rubeo et virido cum nisis a aureis, tuniculis, albis, stolis, et phanonis, ac capa eiusdem secte. Aliud Vestimentum blodij colons cum signis b aureis. Aliud vesti- mentum de brodalisaunder. Vna capa rubea veluet. Vnum vestimentum cum gryffyns. Vnus calix argenti et in parte deauratus cum imagine de cruce in pede, scripta in eodem Calicem salutaris. Due alie calices in parte deaurati. Quinque super- pro lampatibus. Vna tabula de alabastre cum gaudeiis beate Marie. Vna pixis de cupro continens in se vnam pixidem de ivory pro Sacramento. Vna crux de laton deaurata, cum de eadem c deaurata. Due alie cruces de laton. Quatuor vestes linee pro altaribus, due mappe pro festo Pasclie. Vna vestis cum iiij or hastis ad deferendum supra Corpus Christi in festo eiusdem depicta cum imagine Trinitatis. Due vestes depicte cum passione Domini pro sepulcro. Et sunt ibidem tria altaria in naui ecclesie que sunt debite reformata et ornata cum vestibus diuersis ymaginibus depictis vnacum vestibus altaribus. Tria superpellicia pro Vicario, duo pro clericus, ac duo pro pueris. Vnum turibulum de laton competens, et alius nullius valoris. Vnum vas pro aqua benedicta vnacum aspersorio de laton. Quinque viole de pewter, duo tintu- nabula, due campane manuales, vnum crisimatorium nullius valoris, duo vexilla pro cruce, et viij hastis. Vicaria aula cum duabus cameris et desuper solarijs ex parte Austral! eiusdem aule, et promptilarutur/ et vno larderhous in fine dicte aule ex parte boriali, stat in bono statu, tarn in muris quam in coopertura straminum: portions vero male cooperatur cum * JVisus. Avis nota, Halkeetus, sen aquila maritima. — Ducange. The osprey or sea- eagle. b Signis aureis. Very probably cum cygnis aureis, with golden swans, as in a vestment at St. Paul’s Cathedral. Or, with bells. c So in MS. Probably we should read, cum pede de eadem. d Promptilarutur. Probably the scribe should have written promptuarium, a buttery. There is, I think, no such word as that which actually appears in the text. Compare p. 75, supra. iij viole de stangno, vnum crisimatorium, due pelue 92 VISITATION OP CHUECHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 15. tegulis. Coquina eciam est in bono statu et quedam domus prope quoquinam, a eciam est in bono statu. Stabulum cum alijs domibus sub vno tegimlne indiget reparacioni, tarn in muris quam cooper- tura strarninum ; omnes dicte vicarie indigent reparacioni. Dicunt Inquisitores quod cancellus dicte ecclesie male reparatur in coopertura tegularum, ita quod speratur quod le selyng infra paucos dies deparatur; et quod columpene fenestrarum eiusdem sunt fracte et in via perdicionis earum, et quod disci b eiusdem cancelli sunt fracti. Et dicunt quod vicaria valet communi estima- cioni x marcas et consistit nutrimentis animalium. Dicunt eciam quod Ricardus Wylton adultor cum Emota Cbyford qui recessit hunc ad v dies. Et quod quidam Willelmus Hampton non venit ad ecclesiam eo quod dicitur quod stat excommunicatus. Johannes Cooke condidit testamentum nondum probatum, executor Thomas Walter, et habet ad comparendum coram domino. Dominus Thomas Kynton, Yicarius de Walton, soluit procura- cionem suam vjs. viijd. Willelmus Blak habet vnam Agnetem quam custodit sub velamine matrimonij. . . . Damyon ict. Decanus iniuncit Rogero Page ad procedendum coram pro- cessione per duas dies dominicales proximo sequentes modo peni- tentis cum candela in manu sua. Dominus Decanus iniunxit Alicie Steven ad procedendum coram processione in tunica sua cum candela in manu sua per tres dies dominicales proximo sequentes. a Quoquinam, Coquinam, the kitchen. b Disci. Discus, Descus. A desk or leaning shelf. “ Super reparation e discorum et stallorura in Cancello Ecclesise controversia ort,a est.” — Hist. Croyland , contin ., p. 521. Robert de Riplingham, Chancellor of York Minster, in his last will, proved 3 Kal. Sept. 1332, “Item Cathedram meam et descum meum Cancellario. Ebor successori meo.” Ex. Collect. Matth. Hutton S. T. P. MS. — Cowell’s Inter - jpreter , 1701. Mr. Skeat’s Etymological Dictionary says that desk is a variant of dish or disc, Latin, discus , Greek Vnrxos. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 93 Item iniunxit Johanne Steuen, filie eiusdem, modo consimili ad procedendum modo penitentis in camisia sua per duo dies dominicales. Item iniunxit Juliane Mone ad procedendum cum processione per tres dies dominicales in camisia sua cum candela in manu sua. Brightlingsea. Visitacio Cancelli ecclesie parochialis de Brykleshey vltimo die Julij Anno Domini predicto per dictum Decanum et Ricardum Ewen. ) Willelmus Forde I Johannes Storge > Johannes Lome > Johannes Widerewe ) Ricardus Pype ) Dicunt quod cancellus patitur defectiuus in coopertura tegularum et quod hujusmodi tegule vellent de nouo renouare a Rectoria eiusdem. Aula eiusdem est quasi destructa propter defectum de le vnderpynyng. Camera in fine eiusdem aule patitur defectum tarn in coopertura tegularum quam in muris, et le Floryng propter defectum de vnderpynnyng, vna cum alia camera eidem annexa totaliter destructa in altera fine eiusdem aule. Item due alie domus in fine altera eiusdem aule est quasi destructe. Orreum ibidem fuit combustum tempore Rogeri Feryer firmarij ibidem. Aliud orreum patitur defectum in muris et coopertura tegularum. Est ibidem vnum bovarum b bene et competens repar- atum. Clausura ibidem circa rectoriam est totaliter destructa. Item circa granettum 0 non est ibidem clausura aliqua mums bene in marisco ex parte occidente petit reparacionem et se exaltari. tt Blank in the original. b Bovarum. Probably for bovarium. c Granettum. The granary. 94 VISITATION OP CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 16, Halstead. Visitacio Rectorie ecclesie parochialis de Halsted* et Cancelli eiusdem primo die mensis Augusti Anno Domini predicto per dictum Decanum et Ricardum Ewen facta. Aula ibidem vnacum duabus a ex vtraque parte eiusdem aule et vna selda b patitur defectum in coopertura tegularum et in daubatura. c Selda que ibidem mouet se a domo existente in occidentali parte propter defectum de le grounond-selly ng. d Coquina ibidem patitur defectum in le wymbem e propter defectum dicti wymbem et in coopertura tegularum reparatur ad estimacionem cum iijs. iiijd. Est eciam ibidem vnum orreum largum et longum, et patitur defectum in coopertura tegularum et in dabatura, ad estimacionem vjs. viij denariorum. Est ibidem quoddam orreum pro feno imponendo, vnacum duabus alijs domibus de nouo edificatis, que indiget reparacioni in daubatura et in fine iuxta portas eiusdem in vnderpynnyng. Que quidam reparacio dicti orrei pertinet Thome Fuller firmario ibidem : granarium eciam est ibidem quod patitur defectum tarn in cooper- tura tegularum quam in dawbatura, ad estimacionem vjs. viij d. Sunt alie due domus valde ruinose que non [sunt] ........ eo quod dictus Thomas firman us ibidem eas fieri fecit ad vsum et comodum suum. Cancellus que eiusdem ecclesie patitur defectum, propter defectum vnius boteras et in tabula lapidea super fenistram in parte oriente. Est eciam ibidem murus luteus qui patitur defectum in coopertura straminis et in luto. a Unacum duabus. Probably cameris. b Selda. A shed. c Daubatura. Plaster-work. Ab Anglico, to dawb , parieti arenatum inducere, parietem calce arenaque perpolire.— Ducange. d “The groundsell or foote poste of a door ; the threshold.” — Higins’s Nomenc. See Parker’s Glossary. e Wymbem. The windbeam, an important support to the roof. In Parker’s Glossary of Architecture it is defined to be “ a cross-beam used in the principals of many ancient roofs, occupying the situation of the collar in modern king-post roofs.” CHAPTER OP ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 95 Wickham. Visitucio ecclesie parochialis Omnium Sanctorum de Wykham iij die Augusti Anno Domini predicto per dictum Decanum et Ricardum Ewen. 1 Thomas Browne ) Gardiani Johannes Sturte f Johannes Grene f Johannes Grene f Adam Wilby f Johannes Shonk J Johannes Cutte ) Sunt ibidem in ecclesia vnum Missale ij do fo. et si, vnum Portiphorium ij d0 beate , aliud Portiphorium cum notis ij d0 fo. a cena, aliud Portiphorium ij d0 fo. aspicens , vnum antiquum -Gradale ij d0 fo. meus , vnus liber cum officijs sanctorum et temporalium ij do fo. presencia , vnum antiquum psaiterium ij do fo. ego , vnum Manuale ij do fo. et si, vnum processionale ij do fo. bum. Yna tabula de alabastro cum passione Christi et imagine sancte Trinitatis in medio. Insuper que vnus calix argenti et in parte deauratus cum cruce in pede. Alius calix argenti et in parte deauratus cum cruce in pede. Vnum vestimentum de serico viridi coloris cum orphanis de rubeo serico cum ramis, leonibus, et pauonibus aureis, cum tuniculis, albis, stolis, et phanonis. Aliud vestimentum de serico baudekyn cum albis, stolis, et phanonis. Aliud vestimentum de serico blodio cum auubus a aurei. Aliud vestimentum de blodio serico cum auubus et canubus. Vnacapa stragulata viridi coloris. Vnum vestimentum de brodalisaunder. Vnum corporale cum duobus capsulis. Vnum vestimentum albi et russet coloris. Quatuor vestes lineis pro altaribus cum vno frontello albi et nigri coloris, duo manutergia, tres curteyns pro summo altare albi et nigri coloris, tres curteyns steyned cum ymaginibus, vna vestis steyned coram altare. Vna crux de cupro deaurato, alia crux de laton, vna pixis de laton pro Sacramento, duo candelabra de laton stancia ante altare, duo a Auubvs. For avihus. 96 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 17. candelabra stancia super altare. Ynum tburibulum de laton competens. Vbia nauis pro incenso de merimio, a duo tintunabula, campana manualis, vnum absconsorium. Rectoria ecclesia parochialis de Wykham Powle : sunt ibidem vnum stabulum, et vna domus pro feno imponendo, que indigent reparaeioni tarn in tegulatura quatn in daubatura. Est eciam alia domus stramine coopertura que indiget reparaeioni in daubatura et muris et in ryggyng. b Est que ibidem vnum latrinum stramine cooperaturo et indiget reparaeioni cum stramine et in ryggyng. Aula cum cameris et domibus ex vtraque fine eiusdem stat in bono statu. Est vnum orreum stramine coopertum quod indiget repa- racioni in coopertura straminis et in ryggyng. Est eciam aliud orreum magnum et indiget reparaeioni cum stramine et in ryggyng. Dicunt Inquisitores ..... [nicbil] ..... super articulis Rectorum tangentibus pro eo quod esterna die primo ad ecclesiam, dicunt quod domicellus patitur defectum in fenistris vitreis et in Petris, saltim in fenistra orientale, et patitur in tegulis. Item dicunt, quod nauis ecclesie patitur defectiuum tarn in coopertura tegularum quam scindularum. Campanile patitur defectum in scindulis. Cimiterium patitur defectum ex parte occidentali in defectum Domini et eciam patitur defectiuum ex parte oriental! declinando ad australem in defectum parochianorum. Et dicunt Johannes Here ward debet ecclesie vijs. Ricardus Jolyff debet ecclesie vs. iijd. Thomas Julyam debet ecclesie iijs. viijd. Thomas Browne xxs. Johannes Weston xs. Ad Ricardus Jolyff xs. missal Margareta Baron xxd. a Merimio. Meremium, meremum ; yoces quae unum idemque significant, materiam scilicet ligneam aedibus aedifleandis idoneam. — Ducange. An incense- boat of wood. b Ryggyng. Probably ridging. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458 * 97 Rogerus Joyze dedit vnam vaccam ecclesie ad inueniendum vnam lampadem imperpetuum, quam Avysa Joye habet in manibus, que iam manet in villa de Clare, et quidam Johannes Grene manucepit pro inuenc-ione dicte luminis siue lampadis. Johannes Lawsell "j Johannes Barow Y Willelmus Walssch > Robertus Smeth C Testes. Rogerus Chasour J Ricardus Hereward ) Et habent ad reparandum Missale, Portiphoriura, Gradale, et Manuale, circa festum Natiuitatis sancti Johannis Baptiste proximo futurnm, sub pena quatuor marcarum. Dominus Johannes soluit procuracionem suain videlicet vjs. viijd. Belchamp Paul. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis Sancti Andree de Belchampovvie die mensis Augusti Anno Domini predicto per dictum Decanum et Ricardum Ewen. Willelmus Faux Gardiani. Robertus James Johannes Ketyll Thomas Gainger Willelmus Haynes Johannes Eststed Willelmus Spycer Johannes Faux Johannes Lawsell Dominus Gilbertus Mersden exlnbuit literas ordinum suorum et soluit procuracionem suam vjs. viijd. Sunt ibidem vnum nouum Gradale, vnum nouura Processionale. Ynum Manuale competens, vnum Antiphorium parui valoris. Vna crux de cupro deaurato, et alia de laton parui valoris. Vnum vexillum cum armis Regiis, quinque vestes lineis pro altaribus, duo manutergia pro festo Pasche, duo vestimenta cum imaginibus dcpictis. Duo paria vestimcntorum cum tuniculis, alb is, ainicti- CAMD. SOC. O 98 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING- TO THE DEAN AND bus, stolis, phanonibus, et paruris. Tres insule a casule, sine albis ceteris pertinenciis, due tunicule, due cape, et alie vestes nullius valoris. Duo calices de argento in parte deaurato, vna pixis de laton pro conseruacione Corporis Christi, vnum crisma- torium de tyn, et duo bale, vna tabula de alabaistro cum passione Domini, duo tintunabilia. Cadyngton. j.. 18, Yisitacio apud Cadyngton per dictum Decanum et M [agistrum Rica]rdum [Ewen x]x die mensis Septembris Anno Domini predicto. Dominus Johannes Whyt, Vicarius de Cadyngton predicta, dicit quod Priorissa de Merkyate, contra exigenciam iurisdiccionis, subtrahit a se et uicaria sua diuersa iura ecclesiastical videlicet, quod omnes seruientes dicte domus in omnibus sacris et sacramen- talibus a se ecclesia sua subtrahit, scilicet, solempnizaciones matrimoniorum inter Isabellam Conquest et quendam generosum de Comitatu North, ac vxorem Ricardi Warwyk, ac quendam Osbern, et in sepulturis non habens vltimum vale. b Cancellum ecclesie de Cadyngton stat in bono statu, tegulatura eiusdem dumtaxat paulis excepta. Sunt ibidem vnum Missale ij do fo. c , vnum Portiphorium ij do fo. consequencias , vnum processionale ij d0 fo. in diebus , vnum Manuale [ij do fo.] sensa. Vnum vestimentum album stragulatum de serico, aliud vestimentum de brod alisaunder. aliud vestimentum de rubeo veluet cum imagine beate Marie Magdalene inle orferis, aliud vesti- mentum rubeum cum orferis blodij coloris, aliud vestimentum de baudkyn viridi coloris pro defunctis. Yna tabula de alabastro de quinque gaudij [s] beate Marie. iij a corporalia, quinque paulea pro a Inside. Eor Infule. Infula, casula, planeta, vestis sacerdotalis. — Ducange. Hugo a S. Yictore in Speculo Eccles., lib. i.,cap. 6. Casula, quae alio nomine planeta, vel Infula dicitur. A chasuble. b Vale ultimiim : Prestatio pecuniaria, quae ultra portionem canonicam plebanis pensitabatur ab] haeredibus eorum, qui extra parochiam suam elegerant sepulturam. — Pucange. p The catchword is omitted. CHAPTER OE ST. PATJl/S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 99 altaribus cum duobus osseris, a duo candelabra. Vnum candelabrum coram imagine Sancte Crucis de nouo bene reata et lioneste depicta cum colore de bice b pouderatis cum stellis aureis. Est ibidem in latere dicte ecclesie vna tabula de alabastro cum quinque gaudeis beate Marie. Nauis eiusdem ecclesie stat in bono statu et sunt ibidem tres cam pane insimul concordantes, et iij campane manuales, et ij tintunabilia. Campanile stat in bono statu. Prebenda de Cadyngton maiori aula ibidem cum cameris ex vtraque fine eiusdem indiget reparacioni tarn in tegulatura dauba- tura quam in grouncell quam per circuitum. Ibidem est eciam vnum caminum pro maiori parte delapidatum, et casurum; est eciam ibidem vna capella destructa et prophana. Est ibidem murus terreus qui indiget reparacioni daubatura et tegulatura straminis, vnum gattehous, et vnum bogbous. Est ibidem vnum stabulum cum vno orreo que indiget repara- cioni tarn in daubatura quam in sparris c et coopertura straminis. Est eciam vnum nouum orreum bene et de nouo constructum per Magistrum Tboman Chycbele a nunc prebendarium. Coquina ibidem est male disposita et indiget multo reparacioni. Prebenda de Cadyngton minori aula ibidem cum cameris ex vtraque fine eiusdem est de nouo per Magistrum Fulconem Bermygbam e constructa et edificata. Est que ibidem vna coquina competens, vnum que orreum est eciam ibidem de nouo per dictum Magistrum Fulconem constructum. Est eciam vnum stabulum cum vno orreo quod indiget reparacioni tarn in daubatura quam in sparris et coopertura straminis. a Osseris : probably orferis is intended. b Bice. Brownish grey, or dark grey . — New English Dictionary, R. Brunnd, 1330, Chron., 230. “ At Westmynstere he lis tonmbed richely, In a marble bis of him is mad story.” c Sparra. Repagulum, nostris Barre. — Ducange. Bars or boles. d Thomas Chicheley is said by Le Neve to have been admitted Prebendary of Cadington minor on February 18, 1429 ; he held the stall till his death in 1466. The text, however, implies that he was Prebendary of Cadington mayor. e Fulke Bermingham was Archdeacon of Oxford (whilst it was part of Lincoln Diocese) from 1444 to 1467. 100 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 19. Inquisitores Johannes Carpenter et Galfridus Challey. Dicunt eciam died Inquisitores quod predicti Prebendarij habent siluas distributas inter eosdem de communi s[ilua Decjani et Cap[ituli], que site sunt in Comitatu Bedford. Memorandum de Redditu aretro a existente apud Cadyngton’ et Kemesworth’ videlicet De Thoma Watford pro termini Natiuitatis sancti Johannis Baptiste anno xxxiiij t0 De Cantelow pro terris nuper pygottes pro termino | _ sancti Johannis Baptiste predicto J XX1 0 S# 11] J De Ricardo Anable pro redditu aretro in dicto festo iijs. De Johanne Pygott pro redditu aretro in festo in Kernes worth* P redict0 j viijd. De eodem pro redditu aretro in festo Michaelis anno xxxv to . in Cadyngton’ Item de priorissa de Merkeyate pro redditu aretro in predicto festo sancti Michaelis j vs. jd. ob } lvjs. viijd. De Johanne Pagon pro redditu aretro in festo pre- i iijs. viijd. ob dicto cum ijd. de arreragijs anni precedentis j q a . De Fratribus de Farley b pro redditu aretro tempore 1 quo non extcit c memoria videlicet per annum 1 Johannes Nell firmarius de Cadyngton nomine domini Willelmi Brewster d collegit omnes firmas redditus et prouentus de Cadyng- a Aretro : Reliquum, residuum. Gall ; am erage . — Occurrit passim in veteribus instruments, solvere sua aretro. — Ducange, b Dugdale records the existence of a hospital at Earle or Earley in Bedfordshire, “which, as part of the possessions of an alien house, was given (26 Henry VI.) to the Provost and Eellows of King’s College in Cambridge.” The land belonged to Santingfeld, a hospital in Picardy. — Monasticon , vi., 639. c Extcit : so in MS. for extitit. d William Brewster was Prebendary of Neasdon, in St. Paul’s Cathedral, from 20 Eeb., 1441-2 till his death in 1465. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 101 ton ct Kemesworth pertinentes Magistro Thome Lyseux a nuper firmario de Cadingt.on et Kemesworth et eas soluit dicto domino Willelmo Brewster. Kemesworth. Visio Cancelli ecclesie parochialis beate Marie de Kemesworth Kemesworth. xxiij die mensis Septembris Anno Domini predicto per dictum Decanum et Magistrum Kicardum Ewen. Cancellum patitur defectum in cooperacioni tegular um, et est ibidem vnum Missale ij do fo. pellatur , vnum Portiphorium ij do . fo. presto,, vnum Gradale ij do . fo. nobis, vnum vetus processionale ij do . fo. dicitur hunc , vnum Antiphonarium ij d0 fo. spiritus , vnum Manuale ij do . fo. dens, vnum Ordinale ij do . fo. et oust. Vnum vestimentum rubeum de serico inbrodatum cum auubus aureis et cum orplieis albi coloris, defloratum cum flores, cum albis, stola, phanone, et amita b eiusdem secte. Vna capa de serico rubeo inbrodata cum damis aureis. Vnum vestimentum de serico blodij coloris defloratum cum ramis viridibus et cum vnicornibus aureis, cum albis, tuniculis, stolis, phanonis, et amictibus eiusdem. Duo calices de argento in parte deaurato, ij corporalia, ij cruces de copere, vna tabula de alabastro cum quinque gaudeis beate Marie. Kauis ecclesie stat in bono statu, et ibidem in campanile sunt tres campane simul concordantes, et ij e campane manuales. Et Magister Thomas Chychele succendi fecit ij aS . acras crescent.es cum quercubus in silua ibidem. Visio cancelli et ornamentorum ecclesie parochialis sancti Yerdelev Laurencij de Yerdley xxij die mensis Septembris Anno Domini predicto per dictum Decanum et Magistrum Kicardum Ewen Canonicum predictum. a Thomas Lisieux was Prehenclary of Rugmere, which stall he resigned in 1452, taking instead thereof the Prebend of Totenhall. lie was Dean of St. Paul’s from 1441 till his death in 1450. h Flores, amita. So in text, for jioribus and amicta. 102 VISITATION OF' CHIJECHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND p. 20. Cancellnm ibidem patitur defectum in coopertura scindularum, et in tribus botracis, ac in fenistra Orientali petris. Nauis ecclesie stat in bono statu, et candelabrum ante magnum crucem in eadem ecclesia est per quendam pictorem ibidem pingcndum. Sandon. Visio Cancelli et Ornamentorum ecclesie parocbialis Omnium Sanctorum de S a . . . . xxiij die mensis Septembris Anno Domini predicto per predicto Decanum et Magistrum Kicardum Ewen. Cancellum ibidem tam in muris quam in cooperacione tegularum et in fenistris vitreis, vno dumtaxat excepto, stat in bono statu. Nauis ecclesie ibidem est bene cooperta cum plumbo, campanile vero est bene cooperta cum scindulus et per omnia bene ornantur. Eciam sunt ibidem tres catnpane simul con- cordantes. Sunt ibidem vnum Missale ij do fo. gatur , aliud Missal e ij d0 fo. et nos, vnum Antiplionanum ij d ° fo. vno, vnum Gradale secundo fo. et corpora, vnum Manuale ij do fo. et sai, vnum Processionale ij do fo. Vim, aliud Processionale secundo fo. Kiriel, vnum Psalterium ij d fo. altans, aliud antiquum Psalterium ij d0 fo. suscepit , vnum Ordinale ij d0 fo. cum deo. Vnum vestimentum de serico cum orpheris aureis et nisibus ' aureis, cum albis, stolis, et phanonis. Vnum vestimentum cum rosis et bestis argenteis, cum tuniculis, albis, stolis, phanonis, et capa de eodem sectu. Vnum aliud vestimentum viridi coloris de brodalisaunder, cum albis, stolis, et phanonis. Yna crux de cupro deaurato, alia de laton, iij candelabra de laton stancia, due candelabra parua. Ynus calix argenti et in parte deaurati. a S. Probably Sandon. In the earlier inventory, Sandon is visited on a Saturday and Erdele on the folloAving Monday. Here also the two churches are visited on successive days. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 103 Pelham Axis a, Visitacio ecclesie parochialis beate Marie de Pelham. Arsa xxvj t0 die mensis Septembris per Decanum et Magistrum Ricardum Ewen Canonicum predictum Anno Domini supradicto. Ricardus Togoode 5 Thomas Cookke Radulphus Wryght V Thom a Thome Johannes Clerk ) Johannes Auncell Sunt ibidem in cancello vna tabula de alabastro cum quinque gaudeis beate Marie. Vna parua tabula de alabastro cum imagine Trinitatis. Vna vestis depicta cum imaginibus sanctorum Trini- tatis, Stephani, et Laurencij. Ynum frontellum de serico cum leonibus aureis, et vna paulea eidem suta. ij puluinaria serica enbrodiata cum rosis aureis. Yna alia vestis depicta cum assencione beate Marie. Due capsule cum iiij or corporalibus enbrodate cum salutacione beate Marie. Yna capsula de rubeo serico enbrodata cum rosis et litera L cum corporale. Alia capsula de virido serico stragulata. iiij 0 pallee pro altaribus in ecclesia ex parte australe ad altare beate Marie. Yna tabula de alabastro cum quinque gaudeis beate Marie. Yna vestis depicta cuin imaginibus sanctorum Christofori, Michaelis, et Antonini. Yna alia vestis depicta cum imaginibus sanctorum Marie, Katerine, et Elizabeth e. Yna alia parua tabula cum imagine sancti Antonini, ex parte boriali ad altare ibidem. Yna vestis de serico rubeo et viridi coloris, vna pallea cum vno frontello de serico diuersi coloris operis. a Ynum vestimentum de serico rubeo cum canibus aureis et cum orpheris blodijs enbrodatis cum luna, stellis, et imagine Trinitatis, cum stola, phanone, alba, et amictu. Aliud vestimentum de serico blodio enbrodatum cum arboribus et leonibus aureis, et cum orpheris aureis cum Crucifixo, et imaginibus sanctorum Trinitatis, Petri, Katerine, Johannis | Inquisitores. p. 21. a Coloris seems to be partially erased and operis substituted. 104 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Euaungeliste, Elene, et Andree, cum tuniculis de eadem secta, cum stolis, phanonis, albis, et amictubus. Aliud vestimentum de brodalisaunder viridi coloris cum orfreis sericis rubei coloris, cum damis et aquiiis aureis, stola, phanone, alba, et amictu cum scriptura Orate pro anima Willelmi Estfeld Militis. Aliud vesti- mentum de brodalizaunder rubei coloris cum orferis eiusdem secte, viridi coloris cum armis in eisdem impressis. Vna capa de blodio serico cum glaucis floribus aureis, et cum orfreis aureis cum diversis imaginibus in eisdem impresatis. Vna alia capa de rubeo serico cum orfreis sericis albi coloris. Vnum vestimentum de worsted a nugrum 13 defloratum cum floribus glaucis cum alba, stola, et phanone, et amictu. Vnum aliud vestimentum antiquum cum alba, stola, et phanone, et amictu. Vna crux de cupro deaurato et cumasta 0 eiusdem secte et vexilla de serico rubeo ; d cum imaginibus crucifixi in pede. Vnus alius calix argenti fractus cum imagine crucifixi in pede. Alius calix e argenti cum pomello deaurato. Vnum Antiphonarium ij d0 fo. concludimus , vnum Gradale ij do fo. Orum , vnum Manuale ij do fo. dominus , vnum Processionale ij d0 fo. Deus , vnum Missale ij do fo. et das , aliud antiquum Missale ij d0 fo. coniunxcio vnum Psalterium ij do fo. qui non. ij candelabra parua de laton, vnum deosculatorium, vnum turibulum de cupro deaurato, Vna nauis pro incenso de laton pendens, vna vestis pro lectrino depicta cum imagine beate Marie, vna vestis f de laton pro aqua benedicta, iiij 01 ' haste cum iiij vexillis de super pendentibus. Dicunt Inquisitores quod tectum nauis ecclesie depellatur, et de nouo infra breui intendunt renouare. Item dicunt quod cancellum a Worsted. The fabric probably takes its name from the town of Worstead in Norfolk. The town is mentioned in Domesday Book. The fabric is a “ cloth of long stapled- wool, combed straightly and smoothly ; as distinct from woollens, which are woven from short staple wool, crossed and roughed in spinning.”- — Draper’s Dictionary. b Nugrum. That is, nigrum. c Asia. That is, hasta. d The word calix is probably omitted. e The words alius calix are repeated in the manuscript. f Vestis. No doubt the word intended is vas. CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 105 ecclesie patitur defectum in coopertura scindularum, quod fenestra ex parte boriali patitur defectum in petris, et quod dictus cancellus patitur defectum in angulis eiusdem in edificiendo petras angulares, et dicunt quod Yicarius tenet equum suum in cimiterio contra honestatem ecclesie. Item dicunt quod Yicarius rnultum exercet forum contra hones- tatem suam, et quod dictus Yicarius non publicat sentenciam excommunicacionis etc. Et dicunt quod Yicarius inter solempnia horarum canonicarum, confabulat cum parochianis suis, aliquando cum viris et aliquando cum mulieribus. Probatum fuit testamentum Cristiane Wynham et commissa est administracio omnium bonorum Willelmo Wynham et Alicie vxori eius, et admissum fuit. Testamentum Edmundi Hook fuit approbatum, et commissa fuit administracio Johanne vxori sue. Testamentum Thome Gyzhoo fuit approbatum, et commissa fuit administracio Agneti vxori sue. Testamentum Johannis Togood fuit approbatum, et commissa fuit administracio Johanne vxoris sue, Radulpho Togood, et Thome Cok. Testamentum Johanne Ghyzhow fuit approbatum, et commissa fuit administracio Yicario et Johanni Gyzhow. Memorandum de literis Institucionum domini Thome Thorpe Yicarij predicti. Pelham Purneux. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis beate Marie de Pelham Furneaux vicesimo quinto die mensis Septembris per dictum Dccanum et Magistrum Picardum Ewen Canonicum predictum. Sunt ibidem vnum Missale ij do fo. quibus , aliud Missale ij d ° fo. quibus , aliud Missale ij do fo. magnam , vnum antiquum Missale ij do fo. in Mo, vnum Antiphonarium ij do fo. leluya, vnum antiquum Antiphonarium ij do fo. da vnum Ordinale ij do fo. que , vnum Manuale ij do fo. tentis , aliud Manuale ij do fo. nes , vnum antiquum Gradalc ij do fo. runt , vnum antiquum Antiphonarium seeundo fo. sanctum , vna antiqua Lrgcnda ij do fo. mini , vna anliqua Legenda reparanda, vnum CAMD. SOC. P 106 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Processionale ij d0 fo. inimici . allud Processionale ij d0 fo. secundum. Ynum vestimentum de serico rubeo cum ramis viridis et orphanis nigris et diuersis imaginibus in easdem impressis, necnon cum tuniculis, stolis, phanonis, albis, et amictibus, et vna eapa eiusdem secte. Aliud vestimentum de serico rubeo cum canibus et floribus aureis et orfreis blodiis cum stellis et luna in eisdem impressis. Ynum vestimentum de serico viridi coloris cum stola etc. Vnum vestimentum nigrum cum tuniculis, albis, stolis, et pbanonis, et amictibus. Yna capa de brodalisaunder cum volucribus aureis- Yna antiqua capa de serico rosato. Yna tabula de alabastro cum passione Domini. Ynus calix argenti in parte deaurati cum cruce deflorata in pede. vj pallee altaris, cum ij frontellis. Yna tabula de alabastro cum passione sancti Christofori. Cantaria fundata pro animabus Radulphi, Simonis, Alicie, et Simonis Furneux, ad altare sancte Katerine. Gardiani Sonias Newman \ Johannes Wode 1 Robertus Bysshoppc 1 Inqui- Jobannes Salman ) Willelmus Sextyn J Hcnricus Salman I sitores. Dicunt Inquisitores quod Yicarius tempore prosperitatis sue recusauit visitare infirmos : et sues siue porcos suos vicarie predicte euellunt Cimiterium. Item dicunt quod cancellus patitur defectum in coopertura tegularum, et quod volucres mordent super altare eo quod Yicarius curet celebraturum. Aldbury. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis beate Marie de Aldebury xxvj to die mensis Septembris Anno Domini predicto per Decanuxn et Magis- tral m Ricardum Ewen Canonicum predictum. CHAPTER OE ST. PATJl/s CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 107 Cancellum dicte ecclesie stat in bono statu, tam in coopertura tegularum, muris lapideis, et fenistris vitreis. Arrea quoque eiusdern patitur defectum eo quod non habet pauimentum nec grundus sufficientem. Nauis ecclesie stat in bono statu in omnibus, coopertura scindu- larum dicte ecclesie dumtaxat excepta. Sunt ibidem vna tabula de alabastro cum quinque gaudeis beate Marie, due candelabra de laton super altare stancia ; vnum vestimentum de serico rubei coloris cum orfrais blodij coloris cum luna et stellis aureis; aliud vestimentum blodij coloris de serico cum orfrais viridi coloris cum armis albis et luna nigra in eisdem ; vnum aliud vestimentum de brodalysaunder cum coronis aureis ; aliud vestimentum de serico rubeo cum orfrais blodij coloris cum imagine sancte Elene et coronis ac stellis aureis; vna capa de serico p 23 blodij coloris chekkyd cum rosis in eadem vna alia capa de serico [viridi coloris cum faljconibus aureis ; vnus pannus aureus de serico rubeo cum falconibus aureis ; vnum vestimentum de serico rubeo cum leopardis aureis le orfres ; aliud vestimentum de nigro serico cum leis a rubeis et orfanis blodij coloris cum rosis, albis, stolis, phanonis, et amictibus. Aliud vestimentum de brodalysaunder viridi coloris cum scriptura, Orate pro anima Johannis Sliadworth. iiij corporalia, vna crux de cupro deaurato cum liasta, alie due cruces, vna pars de laton. Vnum Missale antiquum ij d0 fo. tabo, aliud Missale antiquum et Antiphonarium ij do lim, aliud Missale ij do fo. me> Antiphonarium ij do fo. net a , vnum antiquum Antiphonarium ij do fo. alias , aliud Portiphorium ij d0 fo. sepe , vnum Processionale ij do fo. bene, aliud Processionale ij do fo. Imminentibus, vnam Manuale ij do fo. vt Jianc, aliud Manuale ij do fo. Amen, vnum Invitatorium ij do fo. salutari. iiij pallee, ij e vestes de serico pro altare. G. diani ^omas Grene 1 Johannes Ay worth j Johannes Godwyn } Inqui- Thomas Ponde J Thomas Whylyscard j Henricus Grene J sitorcs. a Leis. Perhaps leis, for literis, is intended; or leonibus, as infra, p. 111. 108 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Dicunt Inquisitores quod nauis ecclesie patitur defectum in coopertura scindularum. Cancellum ibidem patitur defectum in area. Dicunt eciam quod Thomas Gyrton habet duas oues matrices ad sustentacionem luminis coram summo altare. Alicia Pepercorn habet ad soluendum xxxijd. in festo Omnium Sanctorum ; dominus Thomas Huson Yicarius ibidem manucepit pro eisdem. Dominus Thomas Huson Yicarius predictus soluit pro procuracione sua Eicardus Bothe manucepit pro procuracione ecclesie parochialis de Pelham Furneux Dominus Decanus recepit pro procuracione sua de Yicario de Pelham Arsa vjs. viijd. vjs. viijd. vjs. viijd. S. Egidius, Chipplegate. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis Sancti Egidij extra Crepulgate London die Mercurij, videlicet, xj die mensis Octobris Anno Domini Millesimo CCCC lviij a . Indiccione vj ta pontificatus Domini Pij Pape Secundi anno primo. Thomas Graunger Thomas Chork Walterus Cokke Thomas Clenell Willelmus Pomfreyt Gardiani Philippus Curteys Eicardus Baxter Willelmus Foster Egidius Dokkyng Johannes Brodde Willelmus Hawkyn Petrus Appulby ^ Eobertus Palmere Thomas Ady Eicardus Grene Willelmus Eavyn ) Simon Bryan t Thoma Nytinggale Johannes Peny Johannes Marty n i J Johannes Pygmenster 1 CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL ? S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 109 Declaratis Articulis dominus Decanus, cum consensu Magis- trorum Thome ' Graunt a et Ricardi Ewen, hujusmodi negocium visitacionis vsque ad diem lime, videlicet, xxiij die mensis Octobris iam instanter continuauit. Quo die videlicet xxiij Octcbris dominus Commisarius hujusmodi negocium visitacionis vsque ad diem Lune, videlicet, xxvij die mensis Nouembris in statu etc. continuauit et assignauit eis ad exhibendum comperta in die Jouisvel Sabbati proximo. Dicunt Inquisitores quod Yicarius non custodit residenciam. Item presentant valorem vicarie xl H . Item presentant Rectorem in non faciendo reparaciones in tegulatura cancelle ne in glasyng. S. Gregorius, London. Yisitacio ecclesie parochialis Sancti Gregorij London die p. Sabbati videlicet xiiij to die Octobris Anno Domini predicto. Gardiani Johanne Horsle Galfridus Downne Ricardus Feme Thomas Hasell Willelmus Stedde Rogerus Lychfeld Ricardus Goodhyn \ M. Robertus Aliard Johannes Bole Ricardus Payne Ricardus Elman Magister Hugo Sugar Commissarius Decani et Capituli hujusmodi negocium visitacionis in eodem statu vsque ad diem Sabbati proximo post festum Simonis et Jude proximo futurum continuauit. Quarto die mensis Nouembris Anno Domini predicto dominus Commissarius hujusmodi visitacionem vsque ad et in diem Sancti Edmundi Regis proximo 13 futuram continuauit, et Rectores a Thomas Graunt was Precentor of St. Paul’s, to which office he was collated 5 July, 1454 ; he died in 1474. He held successively the Prebends of Wenlakesbarn 1451, Totenhale, 1457, and Mora, 1473. b St. Edmund’s Day is November 20. 110 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND slue proprietary preconizati et non comparentes pronunciauit contumaces et ipsos ab administracione dominiorum in eadem ecclesia suspendebat. Die Jouis xxiij die Nouembris dicti Inquisi- tores proposuerunt duas cedulas et tunc Commissarius continuauit ad et in diem Sabbati ad viij dies. Chiswick. Visitacio ecclesie parochialis sancti Nicholai de Chesewyk xviij die mensis Octobris Anno Domini predicto. Thomas Pathe 'j Thomas Thomas \ Henricus Playford Johannes Gebon Junior } Picardus Halle > Johannes Wheler Willelmus Gardyneie ' Picard us Langton ) Johannes Grenne Sunt ibidem vna tabula de alabastro cum passione Christ! super magnum altare. In ecclesia ij e tabule de alabastro, vna de Judicio Dei, et alia de quinque gaudeis beate Marie. Ynum Missale ij d0 fo. ad te leuaui , aliud Missale ij d0 fo. ta sit , aliud Missale ij do fo. domini, aliud Missale ij do f i.fructum, vnum Antiphonarium ij d0 fo. domino , vnum Portiphorium ij do fo. Ecclesie , aliud Portiphorium ij do fo. matutinas , vnum Gradale ij d0 fo. tercia dominorum , aliud Gradale \]^°io.domine, vnum collectare ij do fo. pacem, vnum psalterium ij do fo. et erit, vnum Manuale ij do fo. dinine , vnum Processionale ij do fo. domini. Yna, crux de argento cum reliquiis ad infra, alia crux de cupro deaurato, alia crux de cupro deaurato, duo candelabra de laton, ij e viole de argento, iiij or viole de tyn. Yna Legenda ij do fo. nauenta , vnum ordinale ij do fo. cum } vnum antiquum Gradale ij d0 ti sitis , aliud antiquum Gradale ij do fo. am innotam . Ynum vestimentum de blodio serico cum leonibus et nodis aureis et orferis de rubeo veluet cum solis aureis, albis, amictu, stolis, phanone. Aliud vestimentum viridi coloris de serico cum floribus CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. Ill aureis et volucribus albis. Aliud vestimentum de virido saton a cum losengis de argento. Aliud vestimentum de rubeo bawde- kyn cum floribus aureis ex dono Walteri Dolman. Aliud vesti- mentum de rubeo serico cum leonibus aureis cum corporalibus . . p. eisdem ali [ba]wdekyn cum signis albis. Aliud vestimentum nigrum cum orferis aureis. Ynum vestimentum nigrum satyn cum orfreis de virido serico cum liliis albis. Ynum vestimentum viridi coloris de brodalysaunder cum rosis albis. Duo tuniculi de brode alisaunder cum casula eiusdem secte, et vna stola. Sex cape diuersorum c-olorum, vj pallee, ij a frontella albi. Prebenda de Chesewyk cum omnibus domibus suis stat in bono statu, coopertura tegularum et straminum dumtaxat excepta : presentibus Thoma Patbe, Willelmo Gardynere, Henrico Ingram, Johanne Burton, Jobanne Wbeler, et Roberto Broklympe. Dicunt Inquisitores quod cancellum patitur defectiuum in coopertura plumbi eo quod pluuia stillit infra cancellum, et quod seipsum remouet cadendum, et quod vitree fenestrarum eiusdem multum franguntur. Item quod mure lapidee patuntur defectum tarn in fundo quam alibi., et in pauimcnto eiusdem ad estimacionem xx ti marcarum. Item navis ecclesie patitur defectum in le boteras et fenistris vitreis ad estimacionem xls., et babet ad reparandum citra festum Pbilippi et Jacobi ; et babent ad certificandum de malefactoribus parocbie citra festum sancti Martini proximo b futurum. Item dicunt Inquisitores quod Yicarius babet Clericum B This vestment, of green satin with silver lozenges, seems to have been adorned with the arms of the donor. Dr. Rock says that “ till the beginning of the fourteenth century, satin was unknown in England.” Vestments of this material are found amongst the rich bequests made by Bishop Grandison to Exeter Cathedral between 1327 and 1369 . — Textile Fabrics , xliii. “Clothes of golde, and satins riche of hewe ” are named in the Man of Lames Tale. — Chaucer. b St, Martin. Bishop and Confessor, November 11. 112 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND parocbialem deseruiendum Deo, tam in festis quam profestis et ferialibus. a Item quod firmarius prebende de Cbesewyk non soluet decimas suas de lacte, casio, et columbis, ac alijs rebus de nouo annuatim crescentibus. Item quod decima pars garbarum de terris vicarie fuit vltimo anno preterito abstracta, contra consuetudinem ab antiquo vsitatam, cuius contrarij memoria liominum non existat. Item decima pars pissium per Willelmum Justyce, Ricardum Janyn, Willelmum Bowrer, et Jobannem Fylmyn firmario aque, ibidem est abstracta. Item querelatur de xxij elmys loppid et pollyd extra viam processionis, et vnam infra, precij iiijs ; quos gardiani Yicario reclamantes abduxerunt contra iuris exigenciam per Vicarium. Item compertum est quod Yicarius dimisit vicariam suam ad firmam ; et quod dominus de Sutton babet decimas garbarum, contra anti quam consuetudinem, cuius memoria hominum non existat. Item compertum est firmarius Firmi de Sutton detinet decimas pissium apvd molendinum iuxta Sutton, par Justice, Janyn, Bowrer, et Fylmyn. Item compertum est quod Vicarius babet xx H acras terre arrabiles ad inueniendum puerum ad juuandum ipsum cotidie celebrari. Item compertum est quod Yicarius scandolauit domum Willelmi Gardynere, dicendo quod ipse recepit presbiteros ac alios viros et mulieres suspiciose. Yisitacio Ecclesie parocbialis sancti. . . „ Jouis, videlicet, xix die mensis Octobris An [no Domini predicto] per Decanum et Ricardum Ewen. a In the Ordinarium Missae of the Sarum Breviary, two rubrics occur : “Responsio clerici privatim,” and “Responsio clerici cantando.”— Cambridge reprint .Fascic., II., Col. 485. CHAPTER OF ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN THE YEAR 1458. 113 Sunt ibidem vna tabula de alabastro cum passione Domini; due alie tabule in ecclesia de alabastro, vna videlicet cum quinque gaudeis beate Marie, et alia de passione sancte Katerine. Vnum Missale ij d0 fo. a chore , aliud Missale ij do fo. dam , aliud antiquum Missale ij d0 fo. paracionis. ij e calices de argento et in parte deaurate. Vnum vestimentum de blodio serico cum aquilis aureis, albis, stola, amictu, et phanone. Aliud vestimentum de albo serico cum coronis aureis, albis, stola, amictu, et phanone. Aliud vestimen turn, a albo serico cum leonibus aureis, abis a , stola, phanone, et capa. ij vestimenta de rub -o brode alisaunder cum albis, amicti- bus, stolis, et phanone. Aliud vestimentum de virido brode alisaunder. Vnum Antiphonarium ij do fo. storie , vnum Gradale ij do fo. per totum , aliud Gradale ij d0 fo. vias , vnum antiquum Anti- phonarium ij d0 fo. saluator , vnum psalterium ij d0 fo. tis mendacium , vnum trophorium ij d0 fo. ad ahiciendes , vnum Processionale ij d0 fo. diccionis , aliud Processionale ij d0 fo. auctor. Vna crux de cupro deaurato cum pede et hasta eiusdem secte. ij° candelabra parua de laton, ij e viole de stangno, iiij 01 ' frontella cum palleis, iiij or pallee, iiij or pelue b pro lampadibus. Item ij frontella de blodio, due vestes pro sepulcro de panno aureo, iiij or corporalia cum capsulis, vna vestis nigri coloris de panno aureo, vnum puluinarium viridi coloris cum armis et faciebus leonum in eisdem, ij puluinaria blodij et rubei coloris. Johannes Tanner j Edmundus Mede Robertus Claa ( Robertus Tayler I Willelmus Kak ( Robertus Mathew j ' Johannes Skynner } Dicunt Inquisitores quod disci cancelli paciuntur defectiuum ad estimacioneiifi quatuor marcarum. Item tectus patitur defectum in a Aliud vestimentum is repeated in the manuscript, and the scribe has written abls for albis. b Probably pelves is intended. CAMD SOC. Q 114 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL. celectura et tegulatura ad estimacionem quinque marcarum, et fenistre paciuntur in vitreis ad estimacionem vjs. viijd. item nauis ecclesie patitur defectum in vitreo cuiusdam fenistre ad estimacionem iijs. iiijd. Item cimiterium patitur defectum ex parte australi, ob defectum Domini Manerij in muro per viij portas. Item patitur defectum ex parte boriali ob defectum parochianorum. Dicunt quod dominus Robertus Hertelpoll capellanus presentat se Yicarium, et non est institutus. INVENTORIES OF CHURCH GOODS TAKEN 6 EDWARD VI. IN SEYEIIAL OE THE PARISHES DEALT WITH IN THE FOREGOING PAGES. Albury. Chiswick. Heybridge. Kens worth. S r. Pancras. Pelham Arsa. Pelham Furneaux. Sandon. Tillingham. Yardley. From the original Returns in the Record Office. AlBURIE.* 1 November. 6 Edward YI. * Inp’mis a challise of silluer parcell guilt e weinge x vncs dimid. Itm. a challyse of silluer pcell guilte po3 ix vncs did Itm. iij bells and a saunce bell in the steple Itm. a pixe of siluer po3 x uncs Itm. a coppe of yullowe and greene silke Pro Eccli Augmentation Office MiscelL, vol. 497, fol. 18 (Record Office). 116 VISITATION OP CHUKCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Stowln. Itm. a coppe of blewe and grene cruyll a I tin. a vestment of mo wee dune vellat 1 ’ Itm. a vestment of grene dammaske Itm. ij alter clothes and ij° towwells of lynnon Itm. a crose of coppar Itm. a censor and ij candellstikks of lattine Cheswek . 0 1 August. 6 Edward VI. Inventorye takyn of the Kings Maiesties Commissioners in the thurd yere of his moost gracyous reigne Imp’mis two chalices of sylver parcell gylt weynge xxv tj ounces di Itm. a pyx of latten Itm. two latten can delsty ekes on the high aulter Itm. a bason and ewer of latten for crystenyng Itm. a crosse of copper and gylte Itm. three corporas cases Itm. one vestment of blew satten of brydges a Cruyll or crewel. Two-threaded worsted. — Bailey’s Dictionary. “ Did you not walk the town In a long cloak, half compass ? and old hat Lined w ith vellure, and on it, for a band, 4 A skein of crimson crewel.” — Beaumont and Fletcher, Nolle Gent , quoted in Draper’s Dictionary. b Mouse dun velvet. “ Dun is the mouse ” was a proverbial saying (see Nares). “ The game was ne’er so fair, and I am done. Tut, dun's the mouse , the constable’s own word .” — Romeo and Juliet , i. 4. In an Inventory of all goods found at St. Gregory’s, Douai, in 1636 are entered “ vestments of mouse-cooler w th yellow satin croses.” c Augmentation Office Miscell., vol. 498 (Record Office). CHAPTER OE ST. PAUl/s CATHEDRAL IN 6 EDWARD YI. 117 Itih. one vestment of blew damask w 1 a redd crosse on y e same Itih. one vestment of darke blew sattyn of brydges w 1 a crosse of redd vellett Itm. two vestments of blew satten of brydges w* blew crosses Itm. one vestment of damask of popingey a color wythe womens beds on the crosse therof Itih. one vestment of yelow flowers Itm. one vestment of sylke full of whyte byrds Itm. one vestment of murrey chamblett b w* starres Itih. one vestment of redd chamblett Itm. one vestment of whytt fustyon w t redd spots Itm. one vestment of yelowe sylke Itih. one yelowe cope wytli lyons Itih. one other yelowe cope w 11 pecokes feders Itm. one cope of redd caffa c w t yelowe Lyons Itih. one cope of grene w* flowers of redd Itih. one cope of redd saye Itih. a cannapy clothe of redd sylke Itih. a herse cloth of redd sylke Itih. a hangyng of yelowe sylke for the high aulter Itih. in the steple fvve greate bells, one of them beynge a clock Itih. a saunce bell Itih. a hande bell Goods Belongyng and Remanynge in the p 9 roche. Itih. two brase potts waynge lx pounds Itih. a spytt a Poping ey : blue, a kind of coloured cloth.— -Halliwelk But Nares says green. b Murrey chamblett. Murrey : a dark red colour. — Halliwell. Chamblett : camlet, French camelot. Probably a stuff made of mohair, the hair of the Angora goat. Chamelet appears in a statute of 12 and 13 Edward IV. — Draper’s Dictionary . c Caff a : a rich mediaeval stuff, probably of silk. It is mentioned in the wardrobe accounts of Henry VIII. in 1531. — Draper’s Dictionary . Stowln, Stowln. Brase & Pewter. 118 VISITATION OP CHURCHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Stowln. Goods sowld. The lese challise to the church. Itm. iiij pewter dyshes and a lyttyll bason weynge xj pounds Itm. all the lynnynge of the Churche as albes, sorplesses, aulter clothes, and all other lynnynge, stowln owt of the Church and the Churche brokyn. Certeyn latten candelstycks that were in the roode lofte by Thomas Browne thelder, w* the consent of ye p 9 ishe, Desessed, xviij s. HEYBRIDGE. a A much mutilated return from which a few extracts only are taken. Itm iij copes of sat. blewed and whyght Itm iij albes w* iiij vestments Itm iiij old towells Itm a clothe that was at y e sepulcre Itm iiij grett bells, a saynt bell A cope is appoynted for deuyne s 9 uice Kansworth. 5 Inventory. 1 November. 6 Edward VI. Inprimis ij challysses of silluer po3 xvj onces Itm iiij or belles in the steple Itm ij° hand belles Itm a cope of redd vellet Itm another cope of whit satten Itm another cope of grene silke Itm a vestment of gren silk Itm iiij or other vestments of sike » Exchequer Q. R. Church Goods , Essex , B. 2. b Augmentation Office Miscell ., vol. 497, fol. 25 (Record Office). CHAPTEE OE ST. PATJl/s CATHEDEAL IN 6 EDWAED VI. 119 Itm a herse clothe of blake silke Itm a crose of coppar and guilt Itm iij candellstikks of latten Saint Pancrasse yn the eeelds besydes London yn Kentish Towner 1 2 March. 3 Edward YI. Ffirste xv ne vestments, some of sylke, some of satten of brydges, some of bawdkyn, and some of fustyan Itm a cope of satten of brydges and ij old copes of bawdkyne Itm a chalice of syluer weyeng xiiij ne ounces Itm a nother chalyce of syluer weyeng iiij or ounces , Itm some corporas cases Itm some can delsty ekes of latten for the aulters Itm syxe alter clothes good and badde It in three bells yn the church steple Itm a lytell bell yn the churche It in some standerdes for the herse of latten Itm two holy water stocks of latten Itm a byble of the greate volume Itm a paraphrases of Erasmus Itm a masse boke and an old portas, a manualle, and a prcicssyoner b Itm two hand towells at the alters end It hi a herse clothe of sattyn of brydges Itm a braunche of latten for the rode of the chaple Itm a cresmatory of latten Itm xiij ne bolls of latten for the rode of the churche Itm ij payre of sensors of latten I tin a pyxe of latten a Augmentation Office Miscell vol. 498 (Record Office). b That is, a processioner. 120 VISITATION OF CHUECHES BELONGING TO THE DEAN AND Plate p. Ecclia. Grnamets. Plate p. Ecclia. Belles. p. Ecclia. Plate. Oruamets. Burnt Pellam.* 1 November. 6 Edward YI. Imp’mis on challeice of sylu’ pcell gylt wayenge xj oimcs It. in the steple iij bells It. ij hand bells It. a crosse of copper It. a hole sutte of blewc satten It. on vestmet of red satten It. on of whytt satten It. another of greene It. iij corperas cassis PELLAM EEURNEY. b 1 November. 6 Edward YI. Inprimis a challyce of syluer parcell gylte wayeng xj ownccs and one quart 9 . Itm. iiij belles in the steple. by me, W. Bull. Sandon. c Inventory. 1 November. 6 Edward VI. Inprimis a chalyce of syluer pcell gylte wayeng xi ownes Itm ij hangens for the alter of yellow and grene satten of burgis. a Itm. an old cope of blew vellet a Augmentation Office Miscell ., vol. 497, fol. 91 (Record Office), b Augmentation Office Miscell ., vol. 497, fol. 76 (Record Office). e Augmentation Office Miscell., vol. 497, fol. 64 (Record Office), a Burgis, and brydges, i. e. Bruges. CHAPTER OP ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IN 6 EDWARD VI. 121 Itm. an old cope of crimsen satten Itm. a grene cope of bridges satten Itin. a cope of carnacion colored sarsenett Itin. a hole snete of blew sylke y t is to saye a vestiment w t y e albe ij tynnacles w 4 ther albs and a cope Itin. a vestiment ol tawny vellet w 1 y e albe Itin. a vestiment of white damaske y e crosse crimsen vellett Itin. an olde grene vestiment Itin. in the steple iiij° bells Itin. a saunce bell Itin. ij° hande bells TlLLINGHAM. a 1 October. 6 Edward YI. The Churchwardens “ do certifie that there ys remaynynge w*in oure seid Church of Tillingham ” ij old vestments and one old cope of silke Itin ij latten candilstykes Itin one old crosse clothe Itm ij albes Itin a supples Itin a coihunyon clothe Itm one lector clothe Itin iiij bells weying by estymacon xxx C Itin one glasse which s’uet for the coihunyon cuppe YARDELEY. b Inventory. 6 Edward VI. Inp’mis a challeyce gylt w t leade in the botthome wayenge xix ownces. a Exchequer Q. R. Church Goods , Essex , 16. b Augmentation Office Miscell., vol. 497, fol. 96 ; Church Goods (Record Office). CAMD. SOC. 11 Bells. Plate, p. Eccli 122 VISITATION OF CHURCHES BELONGING TO ST. PAULAS CATHEDRAL. Ornaments. It. ij other challeyces and a crosse of sylu 9 wayenge xxxi ownces. It. ij crosses of copper and gylt It. a payre of senc 9 s of latten It. iij bells and a sannce bell in the steple It. a hande bell It. ij copes on of blewe veluet & thother of chaungeabie grene It. iij vestmets on of whyte ffustion another of blewe sylke the thyrd of dyv 9 s coloures It. a crosse clothe of grene sylke It. an oulde aulter clothe of tawnie sylke It. ij candlesteks of latten It. a hally watter pott of latten be me Jamys half-hyes. An Inventory taken in 1824. a A coihunion cup of silver with a cover of the same, an earthen bottle and a pewter pott, and a flagon of pewter. a Cussan’s Hertfordshire. INDEX OE NAMES OE PERSONS AND PLACES. Abyndone, John, Yicar of Sandon, lxviii. Adulvesnasa, manor of, xi. Aelmund the priest gives St. Giles, Cripplegate, to the Cathedral, lx. Aldbury, xviii., xxvii., xxviii., xxxi., xl., lxiii., lxx., 45, 106, 115; church tower of wood, xxv. Alfune, first Hospitaller of St Bartho- lomew’s Hospital, lx. Alwyne, Bishop of Helmeham, lx. Ardley, Ardleigh (see Erdele) Arras, the osculum pacis at, xl. Athelstan, King, his munificent gifts to St. Paul’s, xvii., xviii., xx., xxi., xxii., xxiii. Athona, John de, xliv., 1. Bainbridge, Christopher, Archbishop of York, his pontifical, xli. Baldock, Ralph de, dean, x. Barling, xv., xxviii., lxiii., 8, 73 Barling, Ralph de, xv. Barnes, manor of, xviii. Barnet, John de, canon, Bishop of Bath and Wells, xiv., xx. Basset, Fulk, Bishop of London, liv. , 18 Beaufort, Thomas, Duke of Exeter, xliv. Beckei, St. Thomas a, his shrine at Can- terbury despoiled, lxx., 40 Belchamp St. Paul, xviii., xxviii., xxxix., lxiii., 36, 97 Belmeis, Richard de, bishop, xi., xxiii. Belmeis, William de, canon, xxiii. CAMD. SOC. Bermyngham, Fulco, Archdeacon of Oxford, 99 Bessarion, cardinal, super-altar once belonging to, xxviii. Boniface, Archbishop of Canterbury, xliv. Borhara, Hervey de, dean, xvi. Bourchier, Thomas, Archbishop of Can- terbury, 84 Brewster, William, prebendary, 100 Brightlingsea, Brykleshey, lix., lxx., 93 Broke Parva et Magna, lxix., 39 Brownswood, prebend of, xxii. Burgis or Brydges, Bruges, 120 Cadington, xx., xxviii., xxxi., lxiii., 51, 98 Cadington Major, prebend of, xxii., 99 Cadington Minor, prebend of, xxii., 99 Castillon, his letter to the Grand Master of France about Henry VIII., lxix. Chamberlain wood, prebend of, xxii. Chamberleyn, John, will of, xx. Chancellor, Mr. F., his account of Tillingham church, xv. Cherchepycel, lxix., 29 Chicheley, Thomas, prebendary, 99 Chiswick, x., xxiii., xxxi., xxxiii., xxxviii., xxxix., li., lv., lxiii., Ixvii., lxviii., 57, 110, 116 Christopher, Saint, legend of, lxv- Cistre, Bernard de, Canon of St. Hilary at Poitou, xviii. Clement V., Pope, lvi. S 124 INDEX. Clerk, Katherine, case of, lxi., 69, 70 Clifford, bishop, his mandate introducing the use of Sarum into St. Paul’s Cathedral, lvi. Colchester, Abbot and Convent of St. John’s, xxi., lx. Collingham, Hugh de, 50 Constanciis, Walter de, Bishop of Lin- coln, xxii. Consumpta-per-Mare, prebend of, xvii. Creping, Hugh de, lix. Curteys, Henry, xiv. Dacre, Thomas, Lord, his will, lxvi. Diceto, Ralph de, dean, xvi., xxiii. Dinas Mowdday, in Merionethshire, font at, xxvi. Drayton, xxii., xh, 54 Droitwich, St. Richard’s well at, xlii. Ealdland, prebend of, xv. Edgar, King, grants Navestoek to St. Paul’s, xiv. Edmund, King, his body rests three years at St. Gregory’s near St. Paul’s, lx. Edmund, Saint, Archbishop of Canter- bury, Constitutions of, xxxviii. Edmund, Saint, book containing life of, liii Edward the Confessor grants Kensworth to St. Paul’s, xxii Erdele, xxi., xxviii., 49, 121, 101 Estfield, William, miles , his name em- broidered on a vestment, 104 Ethelbert, King, grants Tillingham to St. Paul’s, xv Evesham, Officium Ecclesiasticum Abbatum de, xli Ewen, Richard, canon, lvii., 65 Earley, fratres de, 100 Eitzwalter, Richard, Archdeacon of Middlesex, xi Eoliot, Gilbert, Bishop, xxiii Eurneux, Chantry, 106 Eurneux, Simon de, xix Godfrey, Treasurer of St. Paul’s in 1160, xix. Graunt, Thomas, precentor, 109 Gray, W alter, Archbishop of York, his Constitutions, xliv., 1 Gregory VII., Pope, 56 Gregory IX., Pope, liv Gunnildebury, 66 Hale, Archdeacon, his Domesday of St. Paul's , xi., xiv. Halstead, 94 Agreement for new roof of church in 1413, lix. Harding, John, and Isabella Malt, case of, 88 Harleston, prebend of, xxii. Hedingham Castle, xviii. Hengham, Ralph de, 52 Henries Elete, a stream at Barling so called, xv. Henry VIII., his greed of money, Ixix. Heybridge, xvi., xxxvi., xxxvii., xlii., liii., lxiii., lxviii., lxx„, 17, 25, 78, 118 Hope, Mr. W. H. St. John, paper on the alabaster figures called St. John’s heads, lxiv. Hotham, Alan de, canon, xx. Hugh, son of Aelmund the priest, lx. Hurstmonceaux, Easter sepulchre at, lxvi. Inglethorpe, Thomas de, dean, 54 Innocent XXII. Pope, 29 Katherine, Saint, legend of, lxiii., lxvi. Images of, lvi. Keleslond, lxix., 11 Kensworth, or Kemesworth, xxii., lxiii., lxviii., lxx., 52, 101, 118 Kirkby le Soken, xvii. Kirby (see Kirkby), xi., xvii., xxvii., xxxi., xxxii., xxxvii., xlii., lii., lvi., lxvii., 24, 85 Langdon Hills, Westlee united to, x., xiv. Legg, Dr. Wickham, quoted, xlvii. Lisieux, Thomas, dean, 101 London. — St. Giles Cripplegate, lx., 108 St. Gregory near St. Paul’s, lx., 109 St. Mary-at-Hill, liii. St. Pancras, x., xxiii., xxviii., xxxviii., xl., 61, 119 Longelye, lxix., 42 Lyndwood, Provineiale quoted, xliv., li. Machunes flete,, stream at Barling so called, xv. Mapesbury, prebend of, xxii. Marny, Hugh de, dean, xvi. Mary, B. V., The Eive Joys of, lxiv. Maskell, William, Morwmenta Ritualia quoted, li. INDEX 125 Measdon or Neasdon, prebend of, xxii. Meleford, William de, Archdeacon of Colchester, xvii. Melford, Long, Easter sepulchre at, lxvi. Merslond, 27 Moleon, de, Voyages IMurgiques quoted, xxxv. Mone, Julia, her penance, Ixi. Montfort, William de, dean, ix. Montmorency, Anne de, Count Beau- mont, lxix. Muller, Jacobus, his Ornatus JEccle- siasticus, xlviii. Murimuth, Adam, canon, xv. Navestock, xiv., xxiii., xxiv., xxv., xxvii., xxxviii., xl., liii., Ixi., lxiii., lxvi., lxvii., 1, 65 Navestock, Manor House, xv. Nicholas, Saint, legend of, lxv. Niger, or le Noir, Roger, Bishop, xxi., lx. Otbo, Cardinal, Constitutions of, liv. Ottobuoni, Cardinal, Constitutions of, liv., 9 Oxgate, prebend of, xxii. Page, Roger, to do penance, Ixi. Pancras, Saint (see London) Peckham, John de, Archbishop of Canterbury, xxx., liv., 9 Pelham Arsa, xix., xxvii., xxviii., xxxi., lxiii., lxviii., 42, 103, 120 Sir Alan, vicar in 1345, xx. Church thatched, xxv. Pelham Furneaux, xix., xxvii., xxviii., xxxiii., xxxvii., xxxix., lv., lxiii., 39, 105, 120 Inventory of the goods of Sir John the vicar, who died in 1307, xx. Pelhams Arsa and Furneaux. The treasurer of St. Paul’s receives pay- ments 'from these parishes to provide lights, etc., for the Cathedral, xix. Porteus, Bishop, consecrates Walton Church in 1804, xvii. Prestespycel, lxix., 29 Rams, Robert de, xxi. Reculverland, prebend of, xv. Richard, Archdeacon of Middlesex, xi. Richard, Bishop of Chichester ( see Wych) Rolle, George, letter to Lord Lisle, lxix. Rykelyng, Thomas, stone-mason, xx. Sandon, xx., xxxi., lii., lv., lxviii., 48 102, 120 Agreement for rebuilding chancel in 1348, xx. Say, William, dean, lvii., 65 Segrave, Gilbert de, canon, xvi Shadworth, John, his name embroidered on a vestment, 107 Shirington, Walter, Canon, 73 Sigillo, Robert de, Bishop, xviii. Silvester, Saint, book containing the life of, liii. Sneating, prebend of, xvii. Sokens, the, xvii. Steven, Alice and Jane, to do penance, 93 Sudmenstre, Southminster, xix. Takkeleges, David de, Vicar of Hev- bridge in 1258, xvii. Taverner, John, contract for roof of the chancel at Halstead, lix. Terninck’s History of the cathedral at Arras quoted, xxxi. Theodred, Bishop, his will, lxvii. Thersther alias Seller, Richard, Ixi. Thorpe, xi., xvii., xxvii., xxviii., xxxi., xxxii., xxxvii., xxxix., lx., lxiii., 27, 83 Columbarium at, lxviii. Rotund ale at, xxxiii. Tidwolditune, xvi. Tillingham, xv., xxviii., xxxvii., xl., lxiii., lxvii., lxx., 12, 75, 121 Tunnemanfeid, lxix., 35 Twyford, xxii., xxviii., xlii.,xlv., lv., 63 Prebend of, xx. Urban IV., Pope, lvi., 86 Vandrelle, St., Abbot of Fontenelle, 5 Vital is, Cardinal of St. Martin in Montibus, xviii. W alton-le-S oken , Wal ton-on-the -Naze, xi., xvii., xxvii., lxiii., 20, 90 Weldland, prebend of, xv. Westlee, or Westley, x., xiv., xxv., xxvii,, lxiii., lxvii., 7, 72 126 INDEX. Westmad, lxix., 5 Westminster School, rented house at Chiswick for sick scholars, xxiii. Wickham, xviii., xxvii., xxviii., xxxi., xxxviii., lii., lxiii., 33, 95 Willesdon, xxii., xxvii., xxviii., xl., lv., Ixviii., 59 Rood in the church of, xxxix., Ruinous condition of church, xxiii. Willesdon Green, prebend of, xxii. William the Conqueror grants charter relating to land at Navestock, xiv. Winchelsey, Robert de, Archbishop of Canterbury, xxiv., xliv., 1. Windsor, the Royal Chapel at, liii. Wych, Richard, Bishop of Chichester, xlii., xliii. Relics of, xlii., 64 INDEX OE MATTERS*. Absconsa, a dark lantern, 38 Absolution after excommunication, 66 Abstersorium, 3 Alabaster tablets representing sacred subjects, lxiii. Powder scraped from these sup- posed to be good for diseases of the eyes, lxiv. Alabaster, from Chellaston, near Derby, lxiy. Alb, xiv., xbvi. Altar, of wood, stone, or marble, xxviii. Frequently not consecrated, xxviii. In the solar of the nave at Bel- champ, xxviii. Pour altars at Pelham Arsa not dedicated, xxviii. Furniture of, xxix. Altar breads, instrument for stamping, {see Ferrum sculptum) Antiphonarium, lii. Aquae bajulus, a water carrier, 77 Arestum, 43 Aretro, arrears, 10 Armariolum, a wardrobe, xxxix. Articuli duodecim, 75 Asseres, the boards of a book, 2 Asta, for hasta, 104 Auncellum, an almuce, 69 Auricalcum, bronze, 11 Auricularia, cushions, 4 Aurifrisium, embroidery, 13 Aymallo, enamel, 2 Banner with the royal arms at Belchamp in 1458, lxvii., 97 Banners {see Vexilla) Baptisterium ligneum, a font of wood, 7 Baterellum, the clapper of a bell, 17 Baudekyn, a rich golden stuff, 3 Bedemad, Bederep, Bedhalfaker, customs at Navestock, xiv. Bells, xxv. Sanctus Bell at Navestock, xxv. Hanging on elms at Twyford, xxv. Benda, lamina, 13 Benedictions, Paschal, 51 Bice, brownish or dark grey, 99 Blueto, a blue colour, 28 Bokeram {see Buckram) Borde Alisaundre, 10, 72 Breviary, or portiforium, li. Buckram, a cotton textile, 8 Bycis, super altare de, of box wcod, 64 Cadas, carda, carduus, a silken stuff, 47 Caerimoniale Parisiense, xxxii. Caff a, a mediaeval stuff, 117 Campanula, xxxvii. Canabus, or canvas, 10 Candelabra, xxxiii. Candelabrum cum branchiis, at Nave- stock, lxvii., 67 Candelbem lxviii., 99 Candle, the Paschal {see Paschal) Cambric, 60 Capa chori, its material, xiv. Capsa, a case, 10 Carectarius, a carter, 6 Carnebrevii Festum Ixi., 70, 88 Casula, or chasuble, its material, xliv,, xiv. Cathedrae, 39 Cendal or sendal, a silken stuff, 3, 4 128 INDEX. Censer (see Turribulum) Chalice with inscription on the foot, Ixvii. Chamblett or camlet, 117 Cheese House, xvi. Chrismatorium, xxxii., xlix. Churches, many not consecrated, xxy. Ciborium, xlix. Cista repositoria, xxxix., 10 Clericus parochialis, Ixvii., 112 Cocleare, the spoon of the incense boat, 8 Coffin, cost of, in 1315, xx. Collectarium or collectare, li. Columbarium at Thorpe, Ixviii., 29 Corpus Christi, feast of, 86 Cortinium, a curtain, xxxiii., 10 Cortura, 56 Cotoun, or Cotton, 8 Crocus, ( see Saffron) Cross, Processional, xxxvii Cruyll, or crewel, 116 Custodia, a veil for the pix, 8 Dalmatic, xliv Daubatura, or dealbafcura, 9, 94 Descha, xxxix. Diaper, a silken fabric, 41 Discus, a desk, 92 Dominica xxiv., 2 Easter sepulchre, at Erdele, xxi. At Navestock, lxvi. Easter at Hurstmonceaux, Hawton, and Long Melford,lxvi. Easter at Lincoln, Eouen, lxvii. English words introduced into Latin inventories, Ixviii. Epistolarium, or epistolare, li. Eucharist carried to the sick, Ritual, xxxviii., xlviii. Examitum, (see Samit) Eanoun, English name for maniple, xlv., 64, 67 Eerculum, a dish or mess of food, 7 i Eeretrum, a bier, xxxviii., 20 Eerrum sculptum ad oblatas, xxx., 5, 10 Fidejussor, an executor, 87 Field names, lxix. Eilacterium, or Philacterium, a reliquary, 10 Elabellum, or fan, (see Muscatorium) Elameneum de lanne, 89 Elameola de cristall, 74 Florins of Florence, xviii. Font, its material, xxvi Of marble at ( ffiiswick, xxvi. Of wood at Westlee, xxvi. To be kept locked, xxvi. Water from, used for superstitious purposes, xxvii Eregis, cappa chori cum, 22 Erontals for altars, xxix. Funeral, the pall, xxxviii. A red cow goes before the corpse in 1345, xx. Fustian, a material akin to velvet, 4 Glosa, the tongue of a bell, 86 Gradale, or Graduale, 1., lii. Granettum, a granary, 93 Grava, a grove, 39 Groundsell, the threshold, 94 Hercia cum treniis Jeremise, xxxviii., 6 Hernecium, 50 Heybote, 39 Holy water stoop, xxvii. Horse ad usum Sarum, Iv. Husebote 39 Hymnarium, lii. Images of saints, comparative frequency of occurrence, lvi. Indiction, the Roman, 65 Infula, or Casula, 98 Jesus, guild of, its statutes, Ivii. Lectrinnm, or lectern, with its hangings, xxxix., 2 Lectiones novem, feasts of, 56 Legenda, I., liii. Liber Eestivalis, quoted, lxiv. Lights of the church, contributions made by parishioners, xxxvii. Lintheamina, linen cloths, 3 Lucerna, a lantern, xxxiii, Manipulum, xlv. Manuale, 1., lii. Ad usum Sarum, xlvi., 4 Manutergia, 3 Marriage contractor verba de prcesenti, lxii. Matrimonium, litera ad solempnizandum, 84 Merimium, wood, 96 Minitto vario, caputium f urratum de, miniver, 64 INDEX. 129 Missale, ]i. Ambrosianum, It. Gregorianum, ly. Mouse dun velvet, 116 Murrey, a colour, 117 Muscatorium, or muscularium, a fan, xlii., 5 Musterdevyleons, a kind of woollen cloth, lxii., 71 Navicula, or uavis, an incense boat, 4 Nisus, the osprey, 91 Nobile (moneta), 87 Obba de tyn, a tin cup, 67 Oblatas, or ofletes, the altar breads, xxx.. 5 Oleum infirm orum et catechumenorum, xlix. Olla vitrea, xl., 62 Omelia sanctorum, liii. Oo’s, the fifteen, lv., 50 Ordinaie, 1., lii. Organs at Heybridge and Kirkby, xlii., 19, 25 Ornatus Ecclesiasticus, printed at Munich in 1591, xxvii., xlviii. Orphan um, an orfrey, 76 Orreum, or horreum, a barn, 75 Osculatorium, or pax, xl., 5 Pal, cloth of, 13 Palla, linen cloth used at the altar, 3 Palls at funerals, xxxviii. Pannus offertorius, xlvii., 4 Sponsalicius, xlvi., 4 Romae, 38 Panteria, a pantry, 75 Papilio, a canopy, 22 Parishioners to provide certain books, vestments, and utensils, xxiv. Parlura, a parlour, 75 Paschal benedictions, 51 Paschal candlestick, at Durham, Cou- tances, St. John Lateran, Leau in Belgium, xxxiv., xxxv., xxxvi. Pascbalis tabula, aftixed to the paschal candle, account given by de Moleon, xxxv. Pax, or osculatorium, xl. Pax, osculum pacis at Arras in 1894, xl. Pecia de coreo, a leathern case, 5 Pecten, or comb, of wood or ivory, xl., 10, 14 Pellicanus, a symbol of the Redeemer, 74 Pelvis, a basin, xl., 4 Penance imposed upon offenders by the dean, lxi., 92, 93 Pera, a wallet, 11 Phialae, or cruets, 4 Philacterium, or filacterium, 10 Picher stagneum, xl., 42 Pila, a ball, 78 Pixis, or pyxis, xxx., xxxii., xlviii. Pixis ad altare, pixis ad oblata, 8 Pixis de serico, 64 Of glass, at Chiswick, xxxi. Hanging above the altar, xxxi. Of ivory, enamel, silver, glass, xxxi. Planeta, a chasuble, 44 Plaster of Paris in 1301, xvi. Playing ball and dice in service time, lxvii. Pontificale Eomanum quoted, xli., 66 Popingey, a colour, 117 Probate of wills, lxi. Processional cross, xxxvii. Processionalis Liber, lv. Processionale ad usum Sarum, lv. , 51 Promptura, a store room, 75 Psalterium, 1., lii. Pulvinar, a cushion, 4 Quissini, cushions, 4 Quoquina, a kitchen, 92 Ramis Palmarum, benedictio in, 25 Rexeis, tapetum de, 39 Ridellum, a curtain, 74 Robberies of church goods, lxviii. Rochet, xlv. Eomae pannus, 38 Rood at Willesdon, xxxix. Rotulus in quo continetur officium extremae unctionis, liii., 42 Rotundale, or Rotellum, xxxiii., xxxiv., 23, 33 Ryggyng, or ridging of a roof, 96 Saffron, 88 Sarnit, a costly silken tissue, 1 Saraceno, de opere, 9 Sarum service books quoted Horae, lv. Manuale, xlvi., 4 Processionale, lv., 51 Satin, 111 Scala, a ladder, xxxix. Scalera, a quarry, 12 130 INDEX. Sconsa, a little lantern, xxxiii. Seclilia, xxxix. Selda, a shed, 94 Sendacnm, a silken tissue, 64 Sendai, or Cendal, 3, 4 Sepulchre, Easter ( see Easter) Serpens, xxxyi., 19 Server at mass, Ixviii. Service books, some account of, 1-lvi. Siclatoun, cloth of gold, 4 Signuoi, 91 Sindon, or Syndon, 3 Sok sowe, an opprobrious epithet, 84 Solarium, 36 Sparra, a bar or bolt, 99 Stagiarius or Stationarius, lvii. Stagnum, tin, 17 Statnta synodalia et articuli con- ciliorum, liv. Stipa, a stopper, 7 Stoup, the holy water, xxvii. Stragulatum, striped, 3 Stramine, ecclesia cooperta, thatched, 42 Subscriptiones, 45 Superaltare, xxviii. Supercilia, or superpellicea, surplices, 79 Superlectilia, 77 Tabula in loco frontalis, xxix. Tabula of gold at Basle, of silver at Rochester, of wood decorated at West- minster, xxix. Tapetum, a carpet, xxxiii. Taxatio Norwycensis, 29 Taxillus, a dice, 78 Teca, a case, 3 Textum de ligno, lv., 41 Tintinnabula, xxxvii. Torticium, a torch, 42 Tripoli, frontale de, 53 Troparium, or troperium, L, lii. Trope, defined, 1. Tunica, xlv. Turribulum, xxxix. 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