CATALOGUE OF THE COLLECTION OF LONDON ANTIQUITIES IN THE GUILDHALL MUSEUM. Prepared under the Direction of the LIBRARY COMMITTEE OF THE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF LONDON. SECOND EDITION. LONDON. 1908. fcP- PRICE s r?SR> SHILLINGS. EX LIBRIS WC.BRAAT :-,- / CATALOGUE OF THE COLLECTION OF LONDON ANTIQUITIES IN THE GUILDHALL MUSEUM. Prepared under the Direction of the LIBRARY COMMITTEE OF THE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF LONDON. SECOND EDITION. LONDON. 1908. BLADES, EAST & BLADES, PRINTERS, 23, ABCHURCH LANE, LONDON, E.G. THE c..:: Library Committee. GEORGE HAYSOM, ESQ., CHAIBMAN. SIR JOHN CHARLES BELL, BART., ALDERMAN. SIR GEORGE F. FAUDEL-PHILLIPS, BART., G.C.I.E., ALDERMAN. FRANCIS STANHOPE HANSON, ESQ., L.C.C., ALDERMAN AND SHERIFF. SIR JAMES THOMSON RITCHIE, BART., ALDERMAN. SIR T. VEZEY STRONG, ALDEHMAN. SIR WILLIAM PURDIE TRELOAR, BART., ALDERMAN. JOHN JAMES BADDELEY, ESQ., J.P., DEPUTY AND SHERIFF. ARTHUR HOLT BARBER, ESQ., J.P. JAMES ROWLAND BROUGH, ESQ. D. GEORGE COLLINS, ESQ. CUTHBERT FREDERICK OORBOULD-ELLTS, ESQ. THOMAS HOWARD DEIGHTON, ESQ. HERBERT JOHN DOREE, ESQ. COL. VICKERS DUNFEE. GEORGE EDWARDS, ESQ., F.R.I.B.A., DEPUTY. THOMAS HENRY ELLIS., ESQ., DEPUTY, LATE CHAIRMAN. EDWIN FREDERICK FITCH, ESQ. THOMAS FREEMAN, ESQ. CHARLES GAME, ESQ. CHARLES THOMAS HARRIS, ESQ., J.P., DEPUTY. HENRY HODSOLL HEATH, ESQ., DEPUTY. LLEWELLYN HUGHES, ESQ. ALFRED JERROLD-NATHAN, ESQ. WILLIAM PORTEOUS KING, ESQ. JAMES LAKE, ESQ. ISAAC NATHANIEL LYONS, ESQ. SIR HORACE BROOKS MARSHALL, J.P., M.A.. LL.D. SPENCER WILLIAM MORRIS, ESQ. LOUIS ARTHUR NEWTON, ESQ. WILLIAM OATLEY, ESQ. HARVEY EDWARD PREEN, ESQ., F.O.A. WILFRID DE SELINOOURT, ESQ. RICHARD NEWTON STOLLERY, ESQ. MILLAR WILKINSON, ESQ., DEPUTY. JOHN HENRY WILLIAMS, ESQ. I* THE GETTY RESEARCH INSTITUTE LIBRARY Contents. PAGE INTRODUCTION vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS x THE STONE AGE PALAEOLITHIC PERIOD 1 NEOLITHIC PERIOD 1 THE BRONZE AGE 3 THE EARLY IRON AGE LATE CELTIC PERIOD Bronze Personal Ornaments ... ... ... 5 Bronze Objects (Miscellaneous) ... ... ... ... 9 Iron Implements and Weapons ... ... ... ... 10 Objects of Horn, Bone, etc ... ... ... 13 Pottery 16 THE ROMAN PERIOD Personal Ornaments ... ... ... ... ... ... 23 Shoes and Sandals ... ... ... ... ... ... 31 Domestic Utensils ... ... ... ... ... ... 35 Lamps and Lighting Appliances ... ... ... ... 44 Tools, Weapons, etc ... ... ... ... 51 Metal Objects of various uses ... ... ... ... 57 Locks and Keys... ... ... ... ... ... ... 63 Figures and Statuettes ... ... ... ... ... 68 Mosaic Pavements, Tiles, etc. ... ... ... ... 71 Glass ... ... ... ... ... 75 Pottery 80 Sculptured Stones ... ... ... ... 104 Monumental Stones ... ... ... ... ... ... 105 Bone and Horn Objects ... ... ... ... .. 107 Collection from Site of National Safe Deposit Company's Premises, Walbrook... ... ... 108 THE ANGLO-SAXON AND DANISH PERIODS 119 THE MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS Brooches, Rings, Pins, etc ... ... ... 126 Buckles, Buttons, Combs, etc. ... ... ... ... 130 Metal Mounts and Pendants ... ... ..." ... ... 135 Leather Objects ... ... ... 142 Bone and Horn Objects ... 150 Objects of various materials ... ... ... ... ... 156 Venetian and other Decorative Glass ... ... ... 163 Glass Bottles 169 Pottery, various Wares .. .. ... 177 Pottery, special Wares ... 211 vi Contents. THE MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS continued. PAGE Tobacco Pipes ... 232 Tiles 238 Tavern and Street Signs 252 Decorative and Memorial Sculpture 256 Horse Furniture ... ... ... ... 261 Spurs 265 Weapons 276 Tools 287 Pewter Objects 301 Spoons ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 305 Silver Objects 312 Lighting Appliances ... ... ... ... ... ... 313 Measures and Weights ... ... ... ... ... 317 Cloth Marks 320 Pilgrims' Signs... ... ... ... ... ... ... 325 Seals 339 Keys and Locks ... ... ... ... ... ... 341 Knives ... . . ... ... ... ... ... ... 357 OBJECTS OP UNCERTAIN PERIOD 388 MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS 390 CORRIGENDA 396 INDEX OF OBJECTS 397 KEY TO THE PLATES .. 405 ILLUSTRATIONS , Plates I C INTRODUCTION. WITHIN two years of the establishment of the Guildhall Library in 1824, the Court of Common Council decided to instruct the Library Committee "to consider the propriety of providing a suitable place for the reception of such antiquities relating to the City of London and suburbs, as may be procured or presented to this Corporation." The nucleus of a collection was formed by the antiquities found in excavating the site of the General Post Office and in other public works undertaken in the second decade of the last century. The first important accession to be received was the find of Roman remains discovered in rebuilding the Royal Exchange in 1841 ; this was arranged and catalogued by Mr. Richard Thomson, Librarian of the London Institution, and displayed in the ante-room of the Library, which had been fitted up as a museum. The catalogue, to which Mr. (afterwards Sir) William Tite contributed an introduction, was issued in 1848. Two years later. Mr. H. B. Hanbury Beaufoy, F.R.S., presented his valuable cabinet of seventeenth century London tradesmen's tokens which were described by Mr. J. H. Burn in the catalogue published in 1853. A further important acquisition was secured in 1865 by the purchase of the Gunston collection, and the Library Committee continued to miss no opportunity of adding interesting specimens to the Museum committed to their charge. The Library and Museum having outgrown the accommodation which, from time to time, had been provided for them, the Corporation decided to erect the present magnificent building, which was opened, in the unavoidable absence of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, viii Introduction. by the late Lord Selborne, on November 5th, 1872. A proposal to expend a sum of 500 in the purchase of plaster casts from the antique was fortunately not carried out ; its adoption would have led to the Museum losing that local character which gives the collection the great interest and unique value that it possesses to-day. Any doubt as to whether a sufficient number of London antiquities could be brought together to fill the new apartment was dispelled by the many important finds which were soon to crowd the available space to such an extent as to render the adequate display of the objects impossible. It is also to be regretted that the exigencies of the design for the new building obliged the architect to place the Museum below the street leyel, and the use of artificial light is thereby rendered obligatory at all times. The construction of Queen Victoria Street in 1869 led to the discovery of the magnificent Roman pavement which now forms the most striking exhibit in the Museum, and later excavations in the same thoroughfare brought to light a large number of antiquities which are preserved together in a special case ; of both these finds, which were presented to the Corporation by the Metropolitan Board of Works, descriptive monographs were published. The purchase of the Baily and Smith collections of Roman and Mediaeval antiquities, and of the Wills' collection of keys, further enriched the rapidly growing contents of the Museum. The most notable gift recently received was the large selection of coins, tokens, medals, etc., from the cabinet of Dr. F. Parkes Weber. F.S.A., presented by him in 1906. The collection of clocks and watches belonging to the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers was entrusted to the care of the Corporation shortly after the opening of the present building, and is exhibited in the lobby at the top of the staircase leading to the Library : a catalogue of this collection has been published by the Company. In the cases at the south end of the Library are exhibited Introduction. ix historical medals, specimens of badges used by the Livery Companies, and other similar objects, which are not here described in detail. The present edition of the catalogue is a reprint of that published by the Library Committee in 1903, with some corrections and the additions made during the past five years. Beyond the omission of foreign specimens which were not found in London, no alteration has been made either in the plan of the catalogue or in the description of the objects. During its passage through the press assistance has been received from Mr. Frank Lambert, B.A., the Museum Clerk. EDWARD M. BORRAJO. (rUILDHALL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM, Nortmber lltJi, 1908. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. 1. = length. ii. = height, w. = width, th. = thickness. = diameter, diam. } g.d. = greatest diameter, m. diameter at mouth, b. = diameter at base in. = inch, inches, ft. = foot, feet. m. m. = maker's mark. obv. obverse. rev. = reverse. Arch. Jo. = Archaeological Journal. J.B.A.A. = Journal of the British Arohseological Association. Note. A key to the Plates, with references to the pages on which each illustrated object is described, will be found on pages 405-411. I. THE STONE AGE. A. PALEOLITHIC PERIOD. Implements from " River-Drift " Gravels. 1 Flake, ochreous flint, broad knife-like form; 3^ in. 1. Monkwell Street. 2 Implement, flint. " Drift type " (fragment) ; 4in. 1. Sishoi)sgatc, 1895. 3 Implement, flint, ochreous brown, ovate, point gone ; present length 4f in. Old Street, City Road. 4 Flake, flint ; 3 in. 1. Coleman Street, 1887. 5 Flake, flint ; 2^ in. 1. Sloane Square. 6 Implement, flint, brown, with heavy butt ; 4 X 2f in. Wandsworth. 1 Implement, flint, ochreous coloured, pointed form ; 5 X 3 in. Wandsworth. 8 Implement, flint, pointed type, with portion of original crust left on the truncated butt ; 3 in. 1. Wandsworth. 9 Flake, flint, worn with use ; 3f X 2^ in. Wandsworth. 10 Flake, flint, trimmed to scraping edge ; 4 in. 1. Wandsworth. 11 Flake, flint, neatly-chipped edge, perhaps used as a " borer"; 2 in. 1. Wandsworth. 12 Implement, yellowish- white flint, slightly abraded, tapering : 6^ in. 1. Stoke Newington, 1903. 13 Implement, flint, with chopper-like edge on one side, and heavy butt ; 5 in. 1. Stamford Hill. 14 Implement, roughly triangular, abraded ; 54 in. 1. Wandsworth. 15 Scraper, flint ; 3| in. d. Wandsworth. 16 Flakes, three, flint. Waiidsioorth. 17 Flake, flint ; 2 in. 1. Surntwood Lane, Clapham. 18 Implement, flint, roughly triangular, well chipped. Clapton, 1903. B. NEOLITHIC PERIOD. 1 Celt, dark flint, flattened oval section ; 7J in. 1., If in. th., 2 in. w. at edge. Thames, near London. 2 Celt, greenstone, flattened sides ; 6i in 1., If in. th., 2f in. w. at edge. Thames, near London. STONE AGE. NEOLITHIC PERIOD. 3 Celt, flint, portion only ; 7 in. 1., 3J in. w., If in. th. Park Street, Southward. 4 Celt, greyish flint, slightly flattened sides, stained with ochreous patches ; 6 in. 1., 2J in. w. at edge. Shepherd's Hush, London. 5 Chisel, yellow flint, parts of surface polished by grinding ; the cutting edge has been re-chipped ; 4 in. 1. PI. IV, 1. Holborn Hill, 1870. 6 Scraper, duck-bill form ; 3| in. 1. PI. IV, 6. London Wall. 1 Adze, chipped flint, crust of flint remaining on butt end ; 6 X 2 in. Thames, Erith. 8 Scraper, black flint, of good form ; 2^ in. 1. Thames, Batter sea. 9 Scraper, yellow flint, circular, well chipped edge ; 1 \ in. diam. Thames, Woolwich. 10 Knife, consisting of oblong flake of yellow flint, with finely chipped edge ; 2 in. diam. Thames, Wandsworth. 11 Saw, yellow flint, one edge serrated ; 2| in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 12 Celt, brown flint, chipped, with semi-circular edge ; 7 in. 1. 13 Celt, diorite ; flattened form, rounded sides, tapering towards butt ; 6 in. 1., 3 in. w. , 1 in. diam. Thames, Teddington. 14 Celt, flint, chipped only ; 5 in. 1. Thames, Erith. 15 Adze, flint ; roughly chipped, with truncated butt ; 7| in. 1. Thamca, Chiswiclt. 16 Adze, flint, chipped ; 5J in. 1. Thames, Hammersmith. 17 Adze, flint, chipped, with edge at either end ; 7| in. 1. 18 Celt, flint, chipped only ; 3 in. 1. Thames, Chiswiclt. 19 Cores, five, flint, small. Thames. 20 Core, flint ; If in 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 21 Scraper, grey flint, oyster-shell form; 2J in 1., 1|| in. w. Queen- hithe, 1900. 22 Scraper, flint, duck-bill shape ; 3 in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth, 23 Scraper, flint. Wandsworth. 24 Knife, flint, circular ; neatly trimmed at edge, 3 in. d. Addison Road, Kensington, 1903. 25 Flake, flint ; 4 in. 1. Addison Road, 1903. 26 Flakes, two, flint. Fulham. 27 Flake, flint, with signs of wear at edge ; 3 in. 1. Tliames, Hammer- smith. 28 Knife flake, flint ; 3| in. 1. Thames, Hammersmith. 29 Flakes, six, flint. Thames. 30 Borer, flint ; 1 J in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 31 Flakes, eighteen, showing signs of use ; If to 4 \ in. 1. Thames. II. THE BRONZE AGE. 1 Fragment of pottery ornamented with herring-bone pattern and horizontal lines. Thames, Hammersmith. 2 Axe, basalt, unusual flattened form, probably made on the lines of a flat bronze axe ; 4J in. 1. Co. Antrim, Ireland. 3 Celt, flat, copper ; 6f in. 1., 3J in. w. at cutting edge ; 2 in. w. at butt end. Ireland. 4 Celt, flat, bronze. The faces decorated with a punched herring-bone pattern, the sides hammered into form ; 5| in. 1., 3 in. w. $ in. t. Ireland. 5 Celt, flat, bronze ; 6J in. 1.. 5 in. w. Ireland. 6 Celt, socketed, bronze, loop at side, faces ornamented with three raised ribs ; 3 in. 1. (?) St. Jfary Axe, London. 7 Celt, socketed, bronze, with loop ; 4 in. 1. : also two small lumps of copper. PL IV, 4-5. Thames Sank, near Sattersea Bridge, 1902. 8 Sword, bronze, of leaf form ; the handle-plate has six rivet-holes ; 21 in. 1. PI. Ill, 1. Victoria Embankment, near Somerset House. 9 Sword, bronze, narrow, leaf -shaped : the handle-plate pierced with three oblong slots ; 24 in. 1. PL III. 2. 10 Sword blade, bronze, leaf-shaped, short handle (originally longer, but broken in ancient times), two slots for side rivets ; 14 in. 1. Thames, London. 11 Dagger, bronze, rapier form, expanded at base which has two semi- circular notches for the rivets ; 12 in. 1. Jfepal Fen, My. 12 Half of rapier-shaped blade, bronze ; semi-circular slot on each side of haft ; 7^ in. 1. Thames, Hammersmith, 1902. 13 Dagger or short sword blade, bronze, of narrow form, with flat tang for handle ; 17f in. 1. Thames, near London. 14 Dagger blade, bronze, short broad type, with two rivet holes (one rivet remaining) ; 8 in. 1. PL II, 4. Thames, Sion Reach. 15 Spear-head, bronze, of slender form ; the socket extends nearly to the point of the weapon, and is ribbed or fluted, with rivet-holes in socket below the blade (broken) ; 10 in. 1. 16 Spear-shaft socket or butt, bronze, of tutyilar form, with large spherical termination ; a small groove runs round the upper part of the socket, in which are two small rivet-holes ; a portion of the original wooden shaft remains in the socket ; length 3f in., width of tube, | in., diam. of bulb, 14 in. PL III, 6. Fetter Lam-, 1897. 17 Rings, two, bronze, roughly cast. London Wall. 18 Tine of deer horn, perforated and bevelled at end, as if for a handle ; 6J in. 1. London Wall. 2* BRONZE AGE. 19 Implement of red deer-horn, the lower portion (broken) appears to have been hollowed out for the reception of another horn or stone object, the upper end is smoothened, probably for attachment to a handle ; 6 in. 1. Phityot Lane. 20 Hammer-head, formed from the burr end of the horn of a red deer, with perforation in the centre for a wooden handle, a portion of which remains. The cut end is hollow and appears suited for the socket of a stone axe, but this may be the result of decay : 4J in. 1. PI. Ill, 3. Long Alley, Moorfields, 1866. 21 Adze or hoe, stag-horn, with perforation for handle : the burr end is worn from use ; 5 in. 1., in. diam. PI. Ill, 4. Moorjields. 22 Hoe, stag-horn, oblique edge, slightly oval perforation near basal end ; 6| in. 1. Thames, Hammersmith. 23 Implement of bone, pointed at each end ; 5f in. 1. River Wandle, Wandsworth. 24 Circular object, granite, perforated in centre ; 2 in. diam. 25 Hammer, of quartzite, perforated ; 3 X 2J in. Higliam Hill, Walthamstotv, 1887. 26 Hammer-head, of quartzite, perforated. The shaft hole was bored from each side, and tapers inward from each face ; 4 X 3f in. PI. VI, 11. Queen Victoria Street, 1873. 27 Axe-hammer, of diorite, perforated ; 6J in. 1., 3J in. b., shaft hole If in. diam. Found in a bog at Sctton, Hertfordshire, 1863. 28 Implement of sandstone, with cup-shaped depression on each face ; 4 X 3J in. Antrim, Ireland. 29 Knife-dagger, flint, leaf -shaped, chipped on both faces ; 5| in. 1. PL IV, 2. Thames, Sum Reach, 1902. 30 Axe-hammer, diorite ; somewhat boat-shaped, with large circular shaft-hole near centre, and an oblique, highly-polished edge ; 4| in. 1., 2f in. g.d. Wool Quay, Thames Street, 1904. 31 Pin, bone, with grooved head ; 3 in. 1. ; imperfect. Thames, Wandsworth. III. THE EARLY IRON AGE. LATE CELTIC PEKIOD. A. BKONZE OBJECTS. PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, ETC. 1 Fibula, bronze, in the form of a "Hippo-camp" or Sea Horse, the body of which is enamelled in colour ; 2 |- in. ToUenhovse Yard. 2 Portion of fibula, in bronze, with triangular design in relief ; If in. 1. London. 3 Fibula, bronze, cross-bar at base, with traces of enamel ; 2 in. 1. (no pin.) PI. V, 14. London. 4 Fibula, bronze, with cross-bar at base, traces of enamel on body ; 2| in. 1. PL V, 13. St. Mildred's, Poultry. 5 Fibula, bronze, of circular form ; with enamelled cruciform design ; 1 in. diam. Pin wanting. London Wall. 6 Fibula, bronze, with cross-bar, blue enamel on body, a circular boss near base, and a ring at the base, to which is attached a length of closely woven chain ; If in. 1. PI. V, 9. London. 7 Fibula, bronze, with cross-bar, and traces of enamel ; 2J in. 1. PI. V, 15. London. 8 Fibula, bronze, square body, with traces of enamel ; If in. 1. London. 9 Fibula, bronze, of usual form ; If in. 1. PI. V, 12. London Wall. 10 Fibula, bronze, with harp-shaped bow, the back of which expands into a cup-shaped ornament ; the flat catch-plate is perforated with four openings, each divided by a zigzag bar ; 2f in. 1. Albert Dock. 11 Fibula, bronze, flat oval plate in centre of bow, bearing incised lines, end terminates in roughly-formed snake's head; Iff in. 1. Thames, site of Pile Dwellings, Hammersmith. 12 Fibula, bronze, harp-shaped bow, enlarged at back to cover the spring ; the bow is divided into two bands, one of which forms the spiral, the other curves back over the cross-bar of the spring ; 2| in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. 13 Fibula, bronze, broken ; 1 \ in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. 14 Fibula, bronze, " safety pin " type, coiled spiral spring ; bow, spring and pin in one piece ; 1^ in. 1. Southward. 15 Fibula, bronze, with body twisted in centre, widening out at the back to a thin flat plate jj in. w., which curves under and terminates in the pin, to which it acts as a spring ; 2 in. 1. \- LATE CELTIC BEONZE OKXAMENTS. 16 Fibula, bronze ; with back of bow converted into the spiral, which twists round one side of a cylindrical bar, passes across the bow, and completes the twist on the other side ; the bow is ornamented with raised bands. 2f in. 1. 17 Fibula, bronze ; If in. 1. ; similar to the preceding. 18 Fibula, bronze ; 1 J in. 1. ; similar to the preceding. 19 Fibula, bronze ; 2f in. 1. ; body terminating in a ridged crook. 20 Fibula, bronze, bow-shaped. This brooch was originally made with the bow and pin in one piece, but the original pin having been broken in early times, a new pin, with an ingenious arrangement for a spring, has been attached ; under the bow are some incised marks; 2 in. 1. PI. V, 17. Barge Yard. 21 Fibula, bronze, bow-shaped ; If in. 1. PL V. 16. Barge Yard. 22 Fibula, bronze ; 3J in. 1. ; bow round in section, with straight nose, from which catch-plate depends. 23 Fibula, bronze ; 2 in. 1. ; with spiral spring and round-sectioned bow, ornamented with bands of finely incised lines. 24 Fibula, bronze ; 2| in. 1. ; the bow ornamented with fine longi- tudinal lines and hatching. 25 Fibula, bronze ; 2J in. 1. ; same type as the preceding. 26 Fibula, bronze ; If in. 1. ; the bow ornamented with longitudinal lines and hatching. 27 Fibula, bronze ; 2 in. 1. ; the thin, flat bow ornamented with longitudinal furrows. 28 Fibula, bronze ; 2| in. 1. ; same type as No. 12. 29 Fibula, bronze ; 2 in. 1. ; thin flat bow ornamented with longi- tudinal lines of punctured dots. 30 Fibula, bronze ; 2J in. 1. ; bow ornamented with incised lines. 31 Fibula, bronze; 1 in. 1. : bow ornamented with incised lines. 32 Fibula, bronze ; 2f in. 1. ; with spiral spring, ornamented with bands of incised lines and dots ; the base, which projects at right angles to the bow, is decorated with notches. 33 Fibula, bronze ; 2^ in. 1. : decorated with finely incised concentric lines, over which (starting from each end of the bow) two bands wind spirally, meeting on each side of the centre ; bow, spiral, and pin in one piece. 34 Fibula, bronze ; 3J in. 1. ; ornamented with bands of finely-incised lines. 35 Fibula, bronze ; 3 4 in. 1. ; globular body, richly ornamented with grooves, with intervening bands and incised lines ; under side of body hollow. 36 Fibula, bronze ; 3J in. 1. ; globular body decorated with bands of finely incised lines and concentric rings. Reculver, Kent. 37 Fibula, bronze ; 3 in. 1. ; globular body, which is hollow beneath and ornamented with horizontal and longitudinal grooved lines. 38 Fibula, bronze ; with thick lozenge-shaped bow, ornamented with grooves and finely incised lines. LATE CELTIC BKONZE ORNAMENTS. 7 39 Fibula, bronze ; 3^ in. 1. ; the convex lozenge-shaped bow termin- ating at each side angle in a small boss. 40 Fibula, bronze, the bow formed by two lozenges with cross bar between, the ends of which terminate in small discs ; 2f in. 1. 41 Fibula, bronze ; If in. 1. ; the bow has a long flattened nose termin- ating in a knob, and is divided at the back into two bands, one form- ing the spiral, the other ending in a knob curving over the spring. 42 Fibula, bronze ; 2f in. 1. ; with plain wire bow. 43 Fibula, bronze ; 2J in. 1. ; imperfect ; the bow is round in section, terminating in a flat nose, which after forming the catch plate turns backward and is clasped about the bow by a small band. 44 Fibula, bronze ; 1 in. 1. ; bow strongly ridged and decorated with incised lines ; the nose is serrated on one side, and turns up beyond the catch plate with a four -pointed terminal. 45 Fibula, bronze ; 2| in. 1. ; the bow, of lozenge form, widens at the end into a flat horizontal plate at right angles, which terminates in a knob ; the flat plate is ornamented with rows of punctured triangles. 46 Fibula, bronze ; 2J in. 1. ; the nose of the plain convex bow, after forming the catch-plate, turns upward, and is encircled by a raised band near the extremity. 47 Fibula, bronze, with pin ending in a spiral joint ; the pointed end is formed by a triangular plate, which is pierced with two large orifices, divided by a narrow zigzag strip of bronze ; 2 J in. 1. London Wall. 48 Fibula, bronze ; with wavy line on body, spiral spring, and end terminating in a broad triangular plate with two large holes having a zigzag division between them ; 3 in. 1. PI. V, 20. London Wall. 49 Fibula, bronze, with spiral joint at base of pin, the other end having a triangular plate pierced with irregular opening ; 2f in. 1. PI. V, 18. London Wall. 50 Fibula, bronze, of massive fabric ; imperfect ; 2J in. 1. PI. V, 11. Mark Lane. 51 Fibula, bronze, double-arched bow, imperfect. 52 Fibula, bronze, of similar type. 53 Fibula, bronze ; 3f in. 1. ; with spiral spring. 54 Fibula, iron ; 1$ in. 1. ; imperfect. Queen Victoria Street, 1870. 55 Hair-pin, bronze, the upper portion spirally twisted, terminating in a flattened knob, which is deeply grooved ; 6 in. 1. 56 Hair-pin, bronze, similar ; 7 in. 1. SmitJiJield, 1866. 57 Hair-pin, bronze, similar ; 7J in. 1. Smithjii'ld, 1866. 58 Hair-pin, bronze, end terminating in a knob, near which is spirally coiled a thin thread of wire ; 7^ in. 1. Smithjield, 1866. 59 Hair-pin, bronze wire, of simple form ; the head is circular, made by curving the wire into the required shape, and twisting the juncture of the two parts so as to form a sort of shoulder to the object; 4 in. 1.; late Celtic (?). London Wall. 60 Hair-pin, bronze; the head slightly decorated, and the upper portion of the object is curved ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 8 LATE CELTIC BRONZE ORNAMENTS. 61 Hair-ornament, bronze, consisting of a strip of metal, looped up at one end and terminating in a circle, the other end being left straight to be used as a pin ; 5$ in. 1. Queenhithe. 62 Pin, bronze, double-stemmed, in shape of a staple ; 4f in. 1. City of London. 63 Ornament, of thin bronze, somewhat in form of a butterfly ; 2J X If in. Walbrook, 1877. 64 Ornament, bronze, with embossed scrolls and other decoration ; 1 X 1 in. Queenhithe. 1886. 65 Armlet, bronze, of small size, with simple ' ; hook and eye " fasten- ing, decorated with incised lines, dots, and circle and dot ornament ; IJiiud. 66 Armlet, of thin bronze wire, with beaded ornament on face of the object ; 2| in. d. London Wall, 1867. 67 Ring, bronze, joined by spirally twisting one end round the other ; If in. diam. 68 Ring, bronze, thin ; if in. diam. Thames, Queenhithe. 69 Ring, bronze, heavy ; lt^ in. diam. Steelyard. 70 Ring, bronze, probably an armlet, beautifully patinated ; 2 in. diam. London Wall. 71 Ring, bronze, heavy, green patina ; 4 in. diam. Lime Street. 72 Ring, copper ; 3jj in. diam. Lime Street. 73-74 Rings, two, small, bronze. Lime Street. 75-76 Rings, two, bronze, hollow ; 1^ in. and 1J in. diam. respectively. Steelyard, 1863. 77 Ring, bronze ; li in. d. Thames, Weindnworth. 78 Ring, bronze, penannular ; If in. 1. 79 Ring, bronze, with curious stud-like projection, probably a belt ornament ; If in. diam. 80 Rings, five, bronze ; J to 1 in. d. Period doubtful. 81 Ring, bronze ; flat section, rough cast ; 1^ in. diam. London Wall. 82 Ear-ring, bronze, of simple oval form ; f in. d. 83 Waste strip of bronze, bent roughly together. Queenhithe. 84 Thin strip of bronze. Queenhithe. 85 Torque, bronze, composed of thin wire, the ends terminating in knobs, formed by twisting the metal spirally ; 4 in. diam. Moorjields, 1873. 86 Gorget ^part of), bronze, ornamented with rows of embossed dots, lines, and herring-bone pattern. London. 87 Disc, bronze, boss in centre, ornamented with incised concentric lines, and pierced for three rivets ; one of these remains, the head being in the form of a small bossed disc with pearled edge ; in the hollow of the boss is a piece of charcoal ; 1 in. diam. London Wall. 88 Disc, bronze ; J in. diam. QueenhitJu', 1866. LATE CELTIC BRONZE OBJECTS. 89 Disc, bronze, thin and flat, and perforated in the centre; 1-& in. diam. Qiieenhithc, 1866. 90 Disc, bronze, with hole in centre; 1-^ in. diam. Queenhithe, 1866. 91 Disc, bronze, plain ; in. diam. Queenhtthe, 1866. 92 Disc, bronze, large perforation in centre ; li in. diam. London Wall. 93 Disc, bronze, circular, with three small perforations on edge ; li in. diam. London Wall. 94 Bronze object, crescent- shaped ; a charm or symbol ; 1 j in. g. diam. MISCELLANEOUS. 95 Instrument, bronze, with tang, the shaft is twisted, and the upper portion bifurcated ; on one of the prongs is a loop from which depends a ring, the other prong has a spine on the side ; 5 in. 1. London. 96 Spoon, bronze, of circular form, hammered into shape, with handle in form of a V, the ends terminating in spirals ; the handle is attached to the bowl with three small rivets ; 4f in. 1., bowl 3 in. diam. PI. V, 3. Holborn Viaduct, 1867. 97 Knife, or razor, of bronze ; 5 in. 1. ; having a thin spud-shaped blade, sharp at the broad edge and slightly so for a short distance up the sides (one of which is re-curved from the edge). It has a slender and nearly cylindrical haft, terminating in a flattened conical knob. PI. V, 8. Tokenhouse Yard, 1865. J.B.A.A. 31, p. 206. 98 Dagger-pommel (?). cast bronze, crescent-shaped ; at the base is a cruciform ornament, and on the wings are traces of spirals, the pattern is deeply incuse and in the mouldings are traces of red enamel ; 3 in. 1., 2J in. w. PI. V, 2. London. Perhaps an enamelled terret, imperfect. 99 Bowl, bronze, with "turned over" rim, inside decorated with in- dented pattern of wavy lines and semi-circles ; 7f in. diam. PI. V, 4. 100 Bowl, thin beaten bronze, flattened rim ; 8f in. diam. Farri?igdii Street. 101 Bowl, hammered golden-bronze, with broad, flat rim, indented at edge ; straight sides contracting at base, which consists of a roughly-shaped ring ; in the centre of the inside of the bowl is a deeply-grooved concentric line, which corresponds with the ring base on the outside ; 14rf in. g. diam., 4^ in. h., 3 in. b. PI. IV, 3. Cheapside. 102 Bowl, saucer-shaped, bronze, hammered into form ; 2| in. g. diam., f in. h. London Wall. 103 Basin, thin beaten bronze, with raised boss in centre, traces of orna- ment of wavy lines ; 6 in. d. Similar to No. 108. Farringdon Street. 104 Stewpan, of bronze, 16 in. (imperfect), with long broad handle, expanding at end ; the centre also expands to form a spine, which projects at an angle at each side ; Italo-Greek. 105 A stewpan, of bronze, 14 in. 1. (imperfect) ; a long, broad handle pierced with large circular hole at the end. Italo-Greek. 10 LATE CELTIC BRONZE OBJECTS. 106 Patera, bronze, with small looped handle, the base is formed by a raised flange, within which are circular grooves, the edge of the bowl is decorated with a band, indented at regular intervals : 6| hi. diam. Italo-Greek. PI. V, 5. 107 Forked implement, bronze, with original wooden handle, supposed to have been used for trimming lamps ; 4 in. 1. Queenhitke, 1886. 108 Double-ended, hook-like implement, bronze, used, perhaps, for fishing; 2 in. 1. Queenliitlte. 109 Hook, bronze, at one end is a rectangular loop, the point terminating in a shape like the head of an animal. (?) Chariot harness ; 2& in. 1. London Wall. 110 Hook, bronze ; If in. 1. London Wall. 111 Hook, bronze, double ended ; 2^ in. 1. London Wall. 112 Awl, bronze, square section, tapering to a point. London Wall. 113 Fragment of bronze plate, bent, having number of holes punched in it ; probably used to repair a bowl. London Wall. 114 Plate, bronze, roughly hammered into a bowl ; 3 in. wide. | in. h. ; late Celtic (I). London Wall. 115 Boss of chariot wheel, bronze, composed of a flat disc, with raised concentric ridge near the edge, and a circular depression, with projecting outside edge, in the centre ; below is a hollow funnel- shaped projection ; If in. h. , 3 in. diam. at top, 1 in. diam. at base. Thames, Hammersmith. 116 Boss, bronze, having traces of a spiral repousse ornament in the centre ; the flat rim has four perforations ; 3 in. diam. London Wall. 117 Portion of bronze ingot of irregular form. London. 118 Ingot, bronze, rough cast, of V-shaped section; 11J in. 1., 1 in. diam. Sun Street, 1873. 119 Ingot, bronze, similar, portion only; 9i in. 1., \$ in. diam. Sun Street, 1873. 120 Cylindrical object, bronze, having a flat head ; perhaps the top of a staff ; 1 in. h. London Wall. 121 Ornament, bronze, of square form, with incurved sides, having a beaded border (the centre is much corroded) ; at the back are four studs or pins, one at each corner, for attachment to some larger object ; 2 in. square. Walbi-ook. 122 British coin, bronze, uninscribed type. London Wall. LATE CELTIC PEEIOD. B. IRON. IMPLEMENTS AND WEAPONS. 123 Knife, iron, with broad leaf-shaped blade, and a long slender tang ; 8 in. 1. 124 Knife, iron, with deeply incurved blade and iron handle ; 8 in. 1. London. LATE CELTIC IMPLEMENTS AND WEAPONS. 11 125 Knife, iron, with curved blade and solid handle, at the base of which is a loop for suspension ; 8 in. 1. London. 126 Knife, iron, with tang ; the blade has an incurved back ; the edge is recurved from the point with a broad square end at base, which is blunt ; 4 in. 1. ; 1 in. b. at base of blade. London ? 127 Knife, iron, with open socket, recurved back and straight edge, with small portion of the wooden handle remaining in the socket ; 10 in. 1. London? 128 Knife, iron, with gracefully curved blade, tapering to an acute point ; the base of the blade near the handle is neatly rounded and polished ; the remains of the handle are too much charred to determine the material ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 129 Knife, with incurved blade, point missing ; it is wholly of iron, and the edge is much worn ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 130 Knife, iron, with curved blade and twisted handle, loop at base ; 8 in. 1. London. 131 Knife, iron, with curved blade, iron tang, and a hole through upper portion of tang to rivet it to a bone handle ; 8 in. 1. London. 132 Sickle, small size, with open socket, and hole for rivet ; 2f in. 1. London. 133 Sickle-shaped object, iron, with heavy blade, sharp along the outer edge only ; with open socket pierced for two rivets. Length from back to point 1\ in., of socket 4 in. Thames, 1876. 134 Adze, iron, with shaft hole and long curved blade, having a semi- circular cutting edge ; 9| in. 1. London Wall. 135 Adze, iron, oval shaft-hole in centre, blade with slightly incurved sides at each end ; 10| in. 1. London Wall. 136 Horse-bit, iron, with large circular ring at each end, and a joint in the centre of the mouth-piece. 137 Shield boss, iron ; 3| in. h. ; in the form of a shallow cone 5 in. d. and surmounted by a flattened sphere, terminating in a spirally- grooved, flat-topped projection, 1^ in. h. The edge of the cone is surrounded by small round-headed rivets of bronze. Camomile Street, 1868. 138 Sword, iron ; 23 in. 1. ; the flat, leaf -shaped blade is modelled on the lines of a bronze sword, and the handle, which is of bronze, has apparently been cast to resemble one of stag's horn ; the handle- plate is pierced for three rivets, two of which remain. Period doubtful. Fenchurcli Street, 1872. 139 Sword ; iron, 24 in. 1., tang 5 in. 1.. blade at hilt 2 in. w. Fen- church Street, 1872. 140 Dagger, iron, " anthropoid" type, with cast-iron handle, leaf -shaped blade ; the grip has incised bands at intervals, the pommel origin- ally terminated in two horned projections, one of which is now wanting ; the central prolongation of the handle has on one side a curiously designed human face, apparently tooled over after casting ; found with a Roman trident and two Roman vases ; 13f in. 1. J.B.A.A. 24, 309. PL II, 2. Stoney Street, Southivark. 12 LATE CELTIC IMPLEMENTS AND WEAPONS. 141 Javelin-head, iron ; 5 in. 1. ; with tanged quadrilateral stem, flat- tening out into a leaf -shaped blade. 142 Javelin head, iron ; 4 in. 1. ; similar to No. 148. 143 Javelin-head, iron ; 5 in. 1. ; cylindrical stem, with small tang and long tapering lozenge-shaped blade. Thames. 144 Spear head, iron ; 10| in. 1. This extremely interesting and fine weapon has a leaf -shaped blade, 2-& in. wide, with large hollow socket, 1-J in. diameter, extending nearly to the point of the blade, to which it forms a strong mid-rib ; the hollow of the socket also opens out under the blade for some distance, forming an oval section. PI. II, 3. Lambeth. 145 Iron axe or spud, with socket. Site /25, Lombard Street, 1868. 146 Spear head, iron ; 10J in. 1. ; with socket pierced for rivet, and narrow leaf-shaped blade with strongly pronounced mid-rib. Site of Gooch $ Cousens' Warehouse, London Wall, 1866. 147 Spear head, iron, with socket, portion of rivet remaining in hole in socket ; 7f in. 1. 148 Spear head, iron, with socket extending nearly to the point of the broad-ribbed, leaf-shaped blade. Providence Row, Finsbury, 1870. 149 Spear head, iron ; 15f in. 1. ; with socket and narrow leaf- shaped blade and prominent A shaped mid-rib. 150 Spear head, iron ; 7| in. 1. ; with socket and broad leaf -shaped blade, 2 in. across at widest part. Said to have been found with Roman sandals. Site of Eye Infirmary, Moorjields, 1868. 151 Spear head, iron ; 13^ in. 1. ; with socket and long quadrilateral stem terminating in narrow leaf-shaped blade. Chamberlain's Wharf, Tooley Street, 1867. 152 Spear head, iron (imperfect), with strongly pronounced mid-rib. Site of Moses 1 Buildings, Minories, 1868. 153 Spear head, iron (imperfect), having a short socket and narrow leaf -shaped blade, with prominent mid-rib. TohenhouseYard, 1865. 154 Spear head, iron ; 4$ in. 1. ; having a short socket with rivet in position, and broad leaf -shaped blade with prominent mid-rib. Sun Wharf, Wapping, 1869. 155 Spear head, iron ; 7 in. 1. ; with socket pierced for rivet, and leaf -shaped blade, If in. wide at broadest part. 156 Arrow head, iron ; 3| in. 1. ; with narrow leaf -shaped blade ; the tang is imperfect. Three Cranes Wharf, 1864. 157 Key, iron, sickle-shaped ; formed from a single bar, the handle being hammered out to a flat plate (2f X in.), terminating in a loop ; 1 1 in. 1. 158 Key, similar ; 9 in. 1. 13 LATE CELTIC PERIOD. C. OBJECTS OF HORN, BONE, AND OTHER MATERIALS. N.B. It is possible that many of the following bone implements, especially those from London Wall, are of Roman or mediaeval date. 159 Pounder, flint, spherical ; 3 in. diam. ; probably used for pounding grain. Moorfields, 1865. 160 Whetstone, of micaceous grit, with rudely finished perforation bored from each side ; 3 in. 1. London. 161 Whetstone, of micaceous grit, with similar perforation ; 5| in. 1. London. 162 Implement of stag's horn ; 6| in. 1. ; ornamented with double ring and dot ornament. There are remains of a circular opening in the head, and there is an oval opening in one side. PI. II, 7. Moorfields. 163 Implement of horn, ornamented with concentric lines ; perhaps a handle ; 7 in. 1., 4 in. w. PI. II, 1. 164 Implement, stag-horn, perforated at pointed end ; perhaps a handle for a tool ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 165 Socket, stag-horn ; hole at either end for insertion of tool ; 1J in. 1. Thames, Hammersmith. 166 Saw-handle, stag-horn ; the handle is formed from an antler of the red deer, the brow tine being left to form the grip of the handle. The point has been removed and a slit cut in it for the reception of the saw blade ; 4 X 5 in. Borough. A similar implement occurred in the Late Celtic camp at Mount Caburn, Lewes. 167 Implement, stag-horn, with two prongs ; 6i in. 1. ; formed from the basal portion of an antler, with two tines left in position ; perforated in three places for the passage of cords or strips of hide, for attachment to its wooden handle. London Wall. 168 Hammer, stag-horn, perforated for handle ; 5 in. 1. Monkwell Street, 1863. 169 Hammer, similar to No. 174 ; 6 in. 1. Bed of Thames, Twickenham. 170 Tool, deer-horn ; 9 in. 1. ; consisting of a tine, with portion, of the beam remaining, perhaps a hammer. London Wall. 1 171 Hammer, similar to above ; 6 in. 1. ; the point of the tine is sawn off, and both tine and beam have a small saw-cut partly across them. London Wall. 172 Hammers, stag-horn (four), similar to No. 174; 6 in., 8 in. r 6| in., and 9 in. 1. respectively. London Wall. 173 Tool of stag's horn, consisting of the tine of a red-deer antler, cut off at the point where it joins the antler ; 10^ in. 1. 174 Tool, of stag-horn, similar ; lOf in. 1. London Wall. 175 Tool, of stag-horn, similar ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 14 LATE CELTIC HOBN AND BONE OBJECTS. 176 Tool, horn, perforated ; 8 in. 1. Smithfield, 1865. 177 Tines, sawn from antlers of the red deer to form tools. Barge Yard, 1879. 178 Tine, of red-deer antler ; perforated near point and notched round basal end ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 179 Tool of stag's horn, showing signs of use on the sides ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 180 Pick, stag-horn, portion only ; 6 X 5 in. 181 Hair-pin, bone, perforated head ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 182-183 Hair-pins (two), similar to No. 187; 5 and 6 in. 1. London Wall. 184 Pin, bone, for the hair, roughly formed, circular in section, with traces of two incised lines on upper end, stained green from bronze oxide ; 4-| in. 1. 185-189 Pins (five), bone, perforated heads; 3 in. to 5 in. 1. London Wall. 190-199 Pins (ten), bone, perforated. London. 200 Tooth (canine) of wolf ; the fang filed on each side for attachment to mount, perhaps as an ornament or pendant. Barbican. 201 Tooth (canine) of bear, perforated for suspension. London. 202 Earpick, bone, with grooved head, terminating in a knob ; 5 in. 1. PI. V, 19. 203 Earpick, bone, with head in the form of a seahorse ; 4f in. 1. PI. V, 7. 204 Earpick, bone, similar to No. 209 ; 3 in. 1. PI. V, 6. Barge Yard. 205 Awls or piercers (three), horn ; 6 to 8 in. 1. London Wall. 206 Awl or piercer, bone ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 207 Piercer, bone ; 4 in 1. PI. Ill, 11. London Wall. 208 Piercer, bone, with rectangular head ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 209 Piercer, bone, perforated ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 210 Piercer, bone, perforated head ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 211 Gouge, bone; i in. w., 4 in. 1. PI. I, 7. 212 Chisel, bone; 4| in. 1. PI. I, 5. London Wall. 213 Chisel, bone; 3| in. 1., in. w. ; ornamented with a number of long and short incised lines in groups. Austin Friars. 214 Chisel, bone; | in. w., 4| in. 1. PI. I, 6. 215 Tool, bone ; 7 in. 1. ; flat and rounded at one end, which is 1 in. in width, and tapering to a point at the other end. The tool has a small perforation with incised X about 3 in. from the point. PI. I, 8. London Wall. 216 Tool, bone; f in. b. , 4-f in. 1. The base is gouge-like in form, but not sharp, and the tool tapers to a quadrilateral point. 217 Tool, bone; in. w., 3| in. 1. ; tapering at each end; one end is ground on one side to a circular edge. LATE CELTIC HORN AND BONE OBJECTS. 15 218 Implement, bone, formed from the leg-bone of an animal, one end of which has been rubbed down to form an axe or adze-like edge ; traces of a dotted ornament on one face, at the upper end. 10 in. 1. Gun Wharf, Wapping. 219 Tool, bone ; 6| in. 1. ; a portion of the knuckle end is ground away ; on one side, in the centre, is a deeply-cut semi-circular groove ; end bevelled off. Wood Street, 1869. 220 Tool, bone ; J in. w. at top, lapering to a point ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 221 Tool or weapon, bone, with articulate end left for handle ; the other end cut and rubbed down to a point ; 61 in. 1. London Wall. 222 Tool, bone ; 5 in. 1. ; the end cut off at an obtuse angle, with oblique edge ; edge scored with parallel lines. Vauxhall. 223 Implement, bone, leaf-shaped form, obtuse point ; 4 in. 1. ; per- haps a weaving tool. London Wall. 224 Tool, bone, which originally had two prong-like projections at each end (one is missing). On either flat face are two groups of concentric ornament ; 4| in. 1. , J in. b. PI. I, 9. Southwark. 225 Instrument of bone, narrow, semi-circular in section, the flat under surface apparently used for rubbing ; at one end of the upper face is a group of " circle and dot " ornaments ; 5 in. 1. 226 Implement, bone, similar to the above, but without ornament ; 5i in. 227 Tool or spear-head, bone ; 9 in. 1. 228 Pin, bone, of large size, with roughly-shaped point. 12 in. 1. 229-231 Tools (three), bone ; 3 to 5| in. 1. London Wall. 232 Object of bone, probably a cup, 2 in. h., 2f in. m. Lombard Street, 1865. 233 Cheekpiece (?), bone, for a bit, circular section, slightly curved; large square opening on incurved face ; 3| in. 1., 1| in. d. London. 234 Portion of leg-bone of deer, which has been cut square, and deco- rated with incised circle and dot pattern, having two perforations through the articular end ; 4J in. 1. 235 Club, bone ; 11^ in. 1. ; carefully trimmed and smoothed over a great portion of the surface ; one end is partly cut away for the handle, which terminates in a circular expansion, with curious incised lines on the convex side. PI. II, 6. London Wall. 236 Club, bone, with curved handle, and rounded projection at upper end ; lOf in. 1. PI. II, 5. London Wall. 237 Arrow-head, bone, with rounded barbs and long central stem ; 2| in. 1. PI. Ill, 9. Thames, near London. 238 Arrow-head, bone, triangular, with long central tang; 2 in. 1. PL III, 7. Thames, near London. 239 Arrow-head, of unusual form, bone, the blade is lozenge-shaped, with extremely long stem at base ; 2 in. 1. PI. Ill, 8. Thames. 240 Lance-head of bone ; 3| in. 1. Tower Street, 1883. 16 LATE CELTIC POTTERY. 241 Spear-head, or piercer, bone, trimmed to a point, and partly polished ; 6 in. 1. PI. I, 2. London. 242 Spear-head, or piercer, bone, similar; 6 in. 1. PI. I, 1. London. 243 Spear-butt (?), bone, perforated at wider end; 2 in. 1. PI. Ill, 5. Austin Friars. 244 Portion of a bone instrument, covered with incised circle and dot ornament ; If in. 1. Coleman Street. 245 Dagger, bone ; 8 in. 1. ; imperfect. Dowgate Hill, 1869. 246 Dagger, bone ; 10 in. 1. ; made from the leg-bone of deer or ox, and perforated through articular end for leather thong, for attach- ment to the girdle. London Wall. 247 Dagger, bone ; 10 in. 1. ; with two crosses incised at larger end. London Wall. 248 Implement of wood, probably used for weaving, with two semi- circular hollows at each end, and a rounded projection on each side at the centre ; 5^ in. 1. , 7 in. w. PI. I, 10. 249 Base, pointed, of an oak pile; Late Celtic ( '! ) ; 3 in. w., 1^ in. thick. London Wall. 250 Bead of amber-coloured glass, with traces of ornament in white lines. Whitefriars. 251 Bead, of blue glass, with raised knobs, upon which are white spirals divided by yellow zig-zag bands ; 1^ in. diam. Thames. LATE CELTIC PERIOD. D. POTTERY. 252 Vase, polished black ware, with angular body, curved below, and small base; 3^ in. h., 3 in. g. d., 2i in. m., 1 in. b. PI. VI, 4. Steelyard. 253 Vase, coarse grey ware, roughly formed; 2| in. h., 2 in. m., 2|{ in. g.d., Ira in. b. Throgmorton Street. 254 Vase, smooth black ware, with flattened shoulder, ornamented with horizontal groove, and circle on base; 3^ in. h., 4 in. g.d., 2f in. m., 2 in. b. Bishopsgate Street. 255 Vase, smooth grey ware, ornamented with horizontal grooves, and band 2 in. w. ; interior of the paste a dull red ; 7 in. h. , 5 in. g.d., 1 in. m., 2 in. b. PL VI, 2. Minories. 256 Vase, reddish brown clay, with grains of mica intermixed, the outer base of the vase is covered with coarse pebbles; 5 in. h., 5 g.d. London. 257 Vase, grey ware, with upper portion of body slightly depressed, forming an angular section, and ridge at base of neck ; 3| in. h. , 4i in. g.d., 3| in. m. St. Mar tin' s-le- Grand. 258 Vase, polished brownish ware, with narrow neck and body projecting to an angular ridge in centre, the upper portion deco- rated with bands of dots; 6 in. h., 5 in. g.d. Fenchurch Street. LATE CELTIC POTTERY. 17 259 Vase, black ware, barrel-shaped, decorated with bands of incised lines round body at intervals; 5| in. h., If in. b., 1| in. m. PI. VI, 1. London. 260 Vase, greyish black ware, of broad flattened form, with ridge at base of neck, and band of three incised lines near the base of vase, which is narrow and expands below; 5 in. h., 6 in. g.d., 4 in. m., 2 in. b. PL VI, 5. London. 261 Vase, dark ware, ornamented on shoulder with raised band, and on base with concentric grooves; 5 in. h., 6| in. g.d., 4 in. m., 2f in. b. Bishopsgate Street. 262 Vase, of coarse grey ware, ornamented with horizontal incised lines ; 5 in. h. , 6^ in. g. d. , 6| in. m. , 2| in. b. Bishopsgate Street. 263 Vase, of dark wa.re, ornamented with horizontal grooves ; 3J in. h., 5f in. g.d., 3^ in. m. , 2 in. b. Bishopsgate Street. 264 Vase, blackish ware ; 5| in. h. , 5 in. g. d. , 4 in. m. , 2 in. b. Moor fields. 265 Vase, grey ware, with roughly incised vertical lines on body ; ty in. h., 4^ in. g.d. London. 266 Vase, smooth black ware, ornamented with raised band and groove round neck ; 6| in. h. , 5 in. g. d. , 2 in. m. , 2 in. b. Minories. 267 Vase, polished ware, of globular form, with short expanding neck ; the upper portion of the body ornamented with a band of roughly incised chevrons ; imperfect ; 8 in. h. , 7 in. g. d. London. 268 Vase, polished black ware, of bottle form; 5 in. h., 5 in. g.d. London. 269 Vase, polished black ware, bottle-shaped, with raised band at junction of neck and body ; 5 in. h. , 5 in. g. d. London. 270 Vase, polished black ware, bottle-shaped, with bands of short indented lines on upper portion of body ; 5 in. h. , 3 in. g. d. Gracechurch Street. 271 Spout of vessel, grey ware, with roughly scored lines on outer surface. Newgate, 1903. 272 Vase, dark grey ware, bottle-shaped, with expanding flanged base, having ridge on base of neck and another on shoulder, decorated with wavy lines on lower part of body; 7| in. h., 5 in. g.d., 1| in. b., 1\ in. m. 273 Vase, polished grey ware, bottle-shaped, with ridge at base of neck, the shoulder decorated with pattern of short indented lines divided by three incised lines; 8J in. h., 6 in. g.d., 3^ in. m., 3^ in. b. Paternoster How, 1867. 274 Vase, large, polished black ware, portion only ; at the junction of the neck and body is a raised ridge on which is a band of wavy lines, below is a broad band containing a pattern of concentric lines from which run rows of vertical lines ; towards the centre of the body of the vessel is another wavy band, then another band of pattern consisting of panels divided by rows of four vertical lines close together, then follows another wavy band, below which the vessel appears to have been plain; lOf in. g.d., 4| in. m. S.E. Railway, Southwark, 1865. 3 18 LATE CELTIC POTTERY. 275 Cooking pot, fine black ware, of thin fabric, rounded at base (similar in form to the Late Celtic bronze pots) ; 6 in. h., 9 in. g.d., 6i in. m. PI. VI, 9. Victoria Park. 276 Bowl, coarse reddish brown ware, of flat form, with wide open mouth, deeply incised lines on upper portion of body, the base perforated with small holes, originally a strainer, contains incine- rated bones; 4 in. h., 7 in. g.d. St. M ar tin' s-le- Grand, 1876. 277 Bowl, grey ware ; imperfect ; 4 in. h. , 3i in. m. Guildhall. 278 Bowl, reddish yellow ware, with quartz grains, bulbous form, small mouth; 3 in. h., 3f in. g.d., 2 in. m., If in. b. Gresham Street. 279 Bowl, black ware, of flattened globular form, hand made ; 3 in. h., 2f in. m. Paternoster How. 280 Bowl, portion only, polished grey ware, with pattern of semi-circles and vertical lines on body, and a hatched band round the rim ; 7^ in. g.d. Mark Lane. 281 Bowl, portion only, black ware, with band of incised lines round rim ; below, a band of semi-circular ornament, from which rows of irregular lines extend to base of bowl; 7 in. g.d. Newgate Street. 282 Bowl (fragment), upper part ornamented with incised wavy hori- zontal lines. Fenchurch Street. 283 Vase, dark grey ware, of very thin fabric; 7 in. h., 5 in. g.d., 3 in. m., 2^ in. b. Lombard Street, 1865. 284 Vase, fine grey ware ; of broad, flattened form, the centre of the body projecting so as to form a sharp angle ; on each side of the ridge so formed is a deeply incised line ; the foot is slender, expanding at base; 4f in. h., 6 in. g.d., 5 in. m. , 2 in. b. PI. VI, 3. S.E. Railway, Southwark. 285 Lid of vessel, coarse brown clay, with incised leaf-like decoration on upper surface; triangular handle; 2^ in. h., 4 in. d. Site of Goor.li & Cousens' Warehouse, London Wall, 1866. 286 Vase, polished black ware, with three incised lines on lower por- tion of body; 3 in. h., 4f in. g.d., 3^ in. m., 2 in. b. PI. VI, 8. Amtin Friars, 1889. 287 Vase, of flattened form, with narrow ridge at junction of body and neck; 3 in. h., 4^ in. g.d., 3| in. m. Cheapside. 288 Vase, grey ware, with deep groove on lower portion of body; 3| in. h., 4 in. g.d., 4 in. m. Hottorn Viaduct. 289 Vase, coarse grey ware, with ridge below neck, and an incised line with wavy line below on shoulder. Holborn. 290 Vase, polished brown ware, with globular body and small mouth, having a band of short indented lines round the upper portion of shoulder; 8 in. h., 9 in. g.d. Thames, near London. LATE CELTIC POTTERY. 19 291 Vase, blackish grey ware, a broad band of dotted herring-bone lines on centre of body, with a ridge above and below ; on lower portion of body is a band of two rows of diagonal lines divided by an incised line ; 7 in. h., 6 in. g.d., 2| in. b., 4 in. m. London Wall. 292 Vase, grey ware, of somewhat globular form, polished over greater portion of body; 5 in. h., 3 in. m., 2 in. b. City of London. 293 Vase, polished dark grey ware, bottle-shaped, with raised ridge at base of neck, and grooved bunds on upper portion of shoulder ; 12^ in. h. , 9^ in. g.d. London. 294 Vase, rough grey ware, hand made, with wide mouth; 6|- in. h., 7 in. m. St. Martin's-le-Grand. 295 Vase, greyish ware, narrow mouth, bulbous body, four deeply incised lines on neck ; 7 in. h. , 5 in. g. d. , 2 in. b. Southwark. 296 Vase, grey ware, with wide mouth, decorated with faint vertical lines on body of vase ; 6 in. h. , 6^ in. d. , 5 in. m. Haydon Square, Minories. ,297 Vase, red-brown ware, narrow base, broad rim, incised lines on body and neck ; 2-J in. h., 3 in. m. , 3 in. g-d., ! in. b. London Wall. 298 Vase, rough brown ware, wide mouth, and deep groove round the rim ; 6 in. h. , 7 in. g. d. , 3 in. b. , 8 in. m. Queen Victoria Street. 299 Cinerary urn, grey ware, with narrow ridge round base of neck, contains calcined bones. 8 in. h., 9 in. g.d. 300 Cinerary urn, grey ware, with flattened shoulder and ridge at base of neck; 6| in. h. , 1\ in. g.d. Fenchurch Street, 1858. 301 Cinerary urn, brownish black ware, with baud of vertical lines round upper portion of body; imperfect;! 6 in. h., 6 in. m. Liverpool Street, 1861. 302 Cinerary uni, coarse grey ware, with quartz grains intermixed ; hand made, with wide rim; 7 in. h., 7f in. m. London. 303 Cinerary urn, greyish black ware, with ridge at base of neck, and flattened shoulder, upon which is a band of ornament composed of two vertical and two diagonal lines alternately ; 8 in. h. , 8 in. g.d., 6J in. m. Holborn Circus. 304 Cinerary urn, polished grey ware, ornamented on shoulder with raised band, and on base with concentric grooves ; 4f in. h. , 5| in. g.d., 3| in. m., 2 in. b. Bishopsgate, Street. 305 Cinerary urn, blackish ware, with flattened shoulder, having a narrow ridge at base of neck; 6 in. h., 6f in. g.d., 5 in. m., Thames Street. 306 Cinerary urn, grey ware, with wide mouth and projecting rim ; round the neck is a raised band, with deep indents at regular intervals upon it ; on the body are two deeply incised lines ; 5| in. h. , 6^ in. m., 3^ in. b. Thames, Blackfriars. 307 Cinerary urn, rough grey ware, body decorated at intervals with vertical lines, which appear to have been burnished with a bone tool, before baking; 7 in. h., 8 in. g.d., 6 in. m. Mark Lane. 3* 20 LATE CELTIC POTTERY. 308 Urn, dark ware, with wide mouth, having a deeply-incised groove round the rim ; , 8 in. h., 8| in. g.d. PI. VI, 10. St. Martin's -le- Grand. This urn contains calcined bones, also a fragment of iron, two fragments of glass, some lumps of vitreous matter, a bone pin, bone discs, a globular bead, and a bone object in the form of a flattened oval, having on one face six indented dots, on the other five dots, and on one narrow side four dots, and on the other, three. 309 Cinerary urn, black ware, with wide mouth and tapering sides, having four incised lines on shoulders; 11 in. h. , 11 in. g.d., 8i in. m., 4 in. b. PI. VI, 12. 310 Cinerary urn, light brown ware, with grooved neck, having a row of large indents on shoulder and a similar band round centre of body; 11 in. h., 11 in. g.d., 6| in. m., 4 in. b. PI. VI, 7. London. 311 Cinerary urn, greyish ware, with globular body, and small open- ing at top, ornamented on upper curve of body with two incised lines and wavy line between; 11 in. h., 10 in. g.d., 5 in. m. r 4J in. b. St. Andrew's Church, Holborn. 312 Cinerary urn, grey ware, with slight ridges on body ; contains calcined bones; 9 in. h. , 8| in. g.d. St. Martin's-le-Grand. 313 Cinerary urn, light grey ware, with large globular body and small mouth, having an indented band round neck, and a double row of wavy pattern on curve of shoulder ; contains bones ; 12 in. h. , 124 in. g.d. Old Ford. 314 Cinerary urn, grey ware, of barrel form, ornamented with deeply incised lines at intervals, centre of body decorated with four bands of vertical lines; contains calcined bones. 8 in. h., 6 in. g.d. St. Martin's-le-Grand. 315 Cinerary urn, dark grey ware, with wide mouth, indented line at base of neck, and traces of band of vertical lines round upper portion of body; 4 in. h., 5 in. g.d. Bishopsgate Street, 1864. 316 Pottery (fragment), rough ware, containing grains of shell (?). Site of Newgate Street Station, London. 317 Pottery (fragment), traces of herring-bone and other ornamenta- tion. Thames, Hammersmith. 318 Vase, greyish ware, with two bands of wavy lines neatly incised on upper portion of body: contains calcined bones; 12 in. h.. 9 in. g.d., 3 in. b., 4^ in. m. 319 Cinerary urn, polished grey ware, wide mouthed, with band of vertical lines on upper portion of body; 6 in. h., 5 in. g.d. Coal Exchange, 1864. 320 Cinerary urn, grey ware ; round the upper portion of the body is a band of vertical lines in groups of three, at intervals ; 7 in. h. , 8 in. g.d. Holborn Viaduct, 1867. 321 Vase, black ware; 4 in. h., 3^ in. m., 3^ in. g.d., If in. b. Inside was found a denarius of Severus Alexander. A.D. 223. Cheapside, 1897. LATE CELTIC POTTERY. 21 322 Vase, polished grey ware, globular body and expanding neck, with hatched lines on the upper portion of the body; 11 in. h., 3^ in. b., 4J in. m. Fenchurch Street, 1871. 323 Vase, polished grey ware, globular body, tapering above and below, small neck, double ridge round base of neck; 6 in. h., 2 in. m., 2^ in. b. Sishopsgate Street. 324 Vase, black ware, of globular form, neck missing ; upper portion hand polished, with bands of vertical lines at irregular intervals below neck; 6 in. h., 6 in. g.d. St. Martin's-le- Grand. 325 Vase, bluish grey ware, of globular form, with narrow neck, orna- mented beneath the rim with bands enclosing diagonal and hori- zontal lines, also with indented lines on the body; 10^ in. h., 9 in. g.d. London. 326 Vase, greyish brown ware, of globular form, neck missing ; band of diagonal dotted lines on upper portion of body ; 4^ in. h. , 5^ in. g.d. Holborn Viaduct, 1866. 327 Vase, coarse grey ware, ornamented with horizontal grooves ; 3| in. h., 4| in. g.d., 3^ in. m., 3 in. b. Sishopsgate Street. 328 Vase, imperfect, dark red ware, of black polished surface, with wide mouth ; band of vertical lines round upper portion of body ; 3^ in. h. Tokenhouse Yard, 1865. 329 Vase, light grey ware, body expanding in centre and tapering above and below, with band of ornament round body, consisting of short indented lines in four concentric rings, deep groove above and below band; 3^ in. h. , 2^ in. m. St. Martin's-le- Grand, 1870. 330 Vase, imperfect, grey ware, cup-shaped, handle decorated with panels of incised pattern of chevrons or herring-bone, and coarsely worked scrolls ; 4^ in. h. St. George' s-in-the-East. 331 Vase, imperfect, dark grey ware, with narrow tubular base ; 5 in. g.d., 1 in. h. Moor fields. 332 Vase, imperfect, greyish ware. St. Martin's-le- Grand. 333 Vase, black ware; 3| in. h., 3 in. g.d., 1 in. b., 2 in. m. Castle Street, Farringdon Street, 1892. 334 Vase, dark grey ware; 3 in. h., 3^ in. g.d., 2| in. m., 1 in. b. Tower of London, 1863. 335 Vase, smooth light grey ware; 3 in. h., 3 in. g.d., 2 in. m., 1 in. b. Sishopsgate Street. 336 Vase, dark grey clay, globular, with small mouth, ornamented on body with incised horizontal lines; 4 in. h., 5| in. g.d. Sishops- gate Street. 337 Urn, coarse grey clay, with \ride mouth; 4 in. h., 5^ in. g.d. Lombard Street, 1864. 338 Vase, smooth dark grey ware ; 5| in. h. , 7 in. g.d., 5 in. m. , 2 in. b. City of London. 339 Vase, hard grey clay, with prominent bands round body ; 3| in. h., 3| in. g.d., 2| in. m., If in. b. Austin Friars, 1889." 22 LATE CELTIC POTTERY. 340 Vase, dark grey ware, flattened form, wide mouth, decorated with raised concentric rings ; 4 in. h. , 4 in. g. d. St. Sepulchre's Church. 341 Vase, dark grey clay, with ornament of vertical lines scratched on body at intervals; 4 in. h., 5^ in. g.d., 2| in. b., 3f in. m. London. 342 Vase, grey ware, plain type; 3 in. h., 4 in. g.d., 3 in. m. T 1J in. b. London. 343 Vase, dark coarse grey ware; imperfect; 5 in. h., 5| in. g.d., 2 in. b., 3^ in. m. Three Kings' Court, Lombard Street, 1870. 344 Crucible, of coarse clay, with expanding base, hand made ; 3 in. h. , 3 in. d. St. Martiris-le-Grand. 345 Crucible, coarse dark ware, of cup form, with a portion of the top closed over, and pierced on the edge at this part to form a small spout; 2 in. h., 3 in. d. 346 Crucible, coarse dark brown ware, of cup form ; 2| in. h. , 2 in. d. Bishopsgate Street. 347 Crucible, dark ware, conical; 3 in. h. London. 348 Rings (two), of clay; perhaps loom weights. Objects of baked clay (two); perhaps loom weights; 4 and 4^ in. diam. London. 349 Sinker, for fishing, or loom weight, coarse, light-coloured clay, of circular form, flattened, with large hole in centre ; 4 in. d. PI. V, 1. Moor gate Street. 350 Another similar object ; 4 in. d. Thames. 23 IV. THE ROMAN PERIOD. I. PEESONAL ORNAMENTS, TOILET IMPLEMENTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR OBJECTS. FIBULAE OR BROOCHES. 1 Fibula, bronze, in form of a bird, with circle and dot ornament on body; 2 in. PI. XXIV, 17. London. 2 Fibula, bronze, with lozenge-shaped body, decorated with circles, and having a circular perforation in the centre ; the nose is fan-shaped, and appears to be inlaid with strips of silver ; 2 in. PI. XXIV, 22. Tokenhouse Yard. 3 Fibula, bronze, plain type, no pin ; 2 in. 1. Southwark. 4 Fibula, bronze, ring at lower end ; centre of body lozenge-shaped, expanding towards upper end into fan-shaped termination ; 1| in. 1. Southwark. 5 Fibula, bronze, with body of square form, showing traces of enamel; 1 in. PI. XXIV, 21. Tokenhouse. Yard. 6 Fibula, bronze, of cruciform type ; 2f in. 1. London Wall. 7 Fibula, bronze, of ordinary type, with cross-bar at base, having traces of gilding ; 4i in. London. 8 Fibula, bronze, of bow-shaped cruciform type (broken). Barbican. 9-10 Fibulae (two), bronze, the body consisting of a large flat disc, from which extends a narrow plate grooved in the centre, and expanding toward the end ; 3 in. London. 11 Fibula, bronze, with short cross-bar and loop at end, indented ridge on body ; 2 in. 12-14 Fibulae (three), bronze, bow-shaped, with beaded ornament on body; If in., If in., and 2 in. 1. London. 15-18 Fibulae (four), bronze, (a) with cross-bar, 2 in. ; (6) beaded ridge on body, 2 in. 1. ; PL XXIV, 14 ; (c) grooved body, 2 in. 1. ; PI. XXIV, 15 ; (d) raised rib on body, with traces of tinning, 1 in. 1. London. 19 Fibula, bronze, the upper portion expanding towards the centre, which has a broad projection on each side ; 2 in. PI. XXIV, 20. London. 20 Fibula, bronze, with square plate in centre of body ; 1 -^ in. PI. XXIV, 23. London. 21 Fibula, bronze, with pierced cross-bar ; the body is decorated with a row of incised squares, having a dot in the centre of each, the cross-bar terminates in a knob at each end ; 3| in. London Wall. 22 Fibula, bronze, with deeply grooved body and a short knobbed projection on either side ; 2 in. PI. XXIV, 18. London. 24 ROMAN ORNAMENTS AND TOILET IMPLEMENTS. 23 Fibula, bronze, bow of " duck-bill " form, ornamented with incised circles and lines ; 2 in, 24 Fibula, bronze, grooved at centre, with two lines on lower portion of bow; 2| in. PI. XXIV, 16. London Wall? 25 Fibula, bronze, with deep groove down centre of body and pro- jection on each side ; 2 in. 1. London. 26 Fibulae (three), bronze; imperfect. PI. XXIV, 12, 13, 19. 27 Fibula, lead, circular form, with figure of saint in centre ; 1^ in. 1. ? Byzantine. 28 Fibula, bronze, arched centre, with cross-bar and knob at base, having decorated socket for pin; 4^ in. 1. Minories. RING BROOCHES. 29 Eing brooch, bronze, no pin ; g in. PI. XXIV, 8. London Wall. 30 Ring brooch, with re-curved end ; l in. diam. PI. XXIV, 9. London. 31 Ring brooch, of plain type ; 1 in. PI. XXIV, 7. London. 32 Ring brooch, with re-curved ends, decorated with incised lines ; li in. PI. XXIV, 6. London. 33 Ring brooch, decorated with incised diagonal lines ; H in. diam. PI. XXIV, 10. London. 34 Ring brooch, of plain type, no pin ; J in. PI. XXIV, 5. London. BRONZE HAIR PINS, ETC. 35 Hair pin, silver, with ornamental head; 4 in. PI. XXV, 7. London. 36 Hair pin, silver; 4 in. PI. XXV, 9. Lothbury. 37-38 Hair pins (two), bronze, one with head in form of a fir-cone; 3f in. 1. Barge Yard. 39 Hair pin, bronze, forked, " acorn " head ; 3 in. 1. Finsbury. 40-41 Hair pins (two), bronze, the heads in form of a hand holding fruit ; 3i in. PI. XXVI, 4. Southwark. 42-44 Hair pins (three), bronze, with grooved globular and decorated heads ; 3 in. to if in. 1. Southwark. 45-50 Hair pins (six), bronze, decorated heads. PI. XXV, 8, 12, 13, 14. Royal Exchange, etc. 51-54 Hair pins (four), bronze, and a piercer ; 2| to 6 in. 1. Royal Exchange. 55-57 Hair pins (three), bronze. PI. XXV, 2, 11, 15. Austin Friars, London Wall. 58 Pin, bronze, with "disc-shaped" head; 3 in. Old Broad Street, 1876. 59-67 Hair pins (nine), bronze, with acorn, circular, conical, dragon, grooved, and square-shaped heads ; 2 in. to 4^ in. 1. London Wall. 68 Hair pin, bronze, with head in form of a dog ; 5 in. 1. PI. XXVI, 3. London. ROMAN ORNAMENTS AND TOILKT IMPLEMENTS. 25 69 Hair pin, bronze, with quadrilateral shaft, and head in form of a bird feeding ; 4 in. 1. PI. XXVI, 2. London Watt. 70 Hair pin, with iron shaft, and bronze head in form of a bear; 5^ in. PI. XXVI, 1. London. 71 Hair pin, bronze, with transverse bar at top, " crutch-shaped " ; 5 in. PI. XXVI, 5. London. 72 Pin, bronze, in form of a slender spindle ; 9^ in. London. 73 Hair pin, bronze, with pierced head and spiral shaft; 4f in. London. 74 Hair pin, bronze, the head surmounted by a bead of bright green glass ; 4 in. PI. XXV, 5. London. 75 Bronze pin-shaped object, with rounded ends ; 3^ in. London. 76-83 Hair pins (eight), bronze, with expanding flattened heads, pierced below with an oblong hole. London. 84-100 Hair pins (seventeen), bronze, with globular and other heads, some decorated with an incised pattern. PI. XXV, 1, 3, 4, 6 ; PL XXVI, 6. London. 101-119 Hair pins (nineteen), bronze, of various types. London. 120 Hair pin, of iron, with flattened circular head, having two deeply incised lines about one-third of the distance down the shaft ; 4f in. Cannon Street, 1883. 121 Hair pin, iron, semi-circular head, with two narrow bands of gold inlaid in the stem ; 4f in. 1. London Wall. 122 Pin, iron, with decorated head. London. 123-128 Hair pins (six), jet; one is of unusual size, being 6 in. long; the heads are carved into various patterns. PI. XXXIH, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. London. BONE, AND OTHER HAIR PINS. 129 Hair pin, bone, of elegant design, the head is carved and decorated, the figure being a portrait of the Empress Sabina, the wife of Hadrian ; the drapery is well modelled, as is also the hair, which is surmounted by the Imperial diadem ; 8 in. PI. XXXIII, 7. London. 130-133 Pins (four), bone, with carved heads ; 34 to 5^ in. 1. London Wall. 134-136 Pins (three), bone, with conical heads ; 4 to 5& in. 1. Austin Friars, London Wall and London. 137-140 Pins (four), bone, decorated heads ; 3 to 6 in. 1. Austin Friars, London Wall and London. 141-142 Pins (two), bone, eagle heads ; 4 to 5 in. 1. Austin Friars. 143-145 Pins (three), bone, faceted heads ; 4 to 5| in. 1. London Wall. 146-147 Pins (two), bone, with flattened heads. London Wall. 148-194 Pins (forty-seven), bone, globular heads ; 3| in. to 6 in. 1. PI. XXXIII, 4, 5. Barge Yard, Minories, London, and London Wall. 195-206 Pins (twelve), bone, grooved heads. London Wall. 26 BOMAN ORNAMENTS AND TOILET IMPLEMENTS. 207 Pin, bone, upper portion carved in form of hand, holding fruit ; 7 in. 1. PI, XXXIII, 6. London. 208 Pin, bone, similar to No. 207 ; 5 in. 1. PI. XXXIII, 3. 209 Pin, bone, open hand at upper end ; imperfect ; 3| in. 1. PI. XXXIII, 1. London Wall. 210-213 Pins (four), bone, with oval heads. London. 214-227 Pins (fourteen), bone, with perforated heads. Austin Friars. Barge Yard, and London. 228-277 Pins (fifty), bone, most with plain heads. Austin Friars, Barge Yard, Bucklersbury, London Wall and London. 278-280 Pins (three), bone, with square heads. London. 281-283 Pins (three), bone, unfinished ; 3 in. to 5 in. 1. London Wall. 284 Two fragments of thin plate of bone, partly sawn through ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. COMBS, BONE AND HORN. 285 Comb, bone, upper portion only, carved on both faces, of semi- circular form ; probably Late Celtic ; 3 in. London. 286 Comb, bone, for the hair, with fine teeth; 2 X 2^ in. Thames Street. 287 Comb, bone, with coarse teeth on one side, and finer teeth on the other. 3 X 3 in. Dowgate Hill. 288 Comb, horn, with cross-bar of bone ; 5 in. Queen Victoria Street. 289 Comb, wood, with coarse and fine teeth ; 4 x 3 in. Windmill Street, City Road. 290-291 Combs (two), imperfect. Hill Street, Finsbury and London. Nos. 289 291 may be of later period. 292 Comb (back only), with notched edges ; 4 in. Tokenhouse Yard. 293 Comb (back only), bone, with iron rivets; 4 in. London. 294 Comb (back only), with notched lines on one edge ; 3| in. London. EAR PICKS, ETC. 295 Ear pick, silver ; 4 in. London. 296 Ear pick, made from a porcupine quill ( ?) ; 4^ in. Backchurch Lane, Spitalfields, 1884. 297-298 Ear picks (two), bronze; 4^ in. and 6 in. 1. London. 299-316 Ear picks (eighteen), bronze, of various designs. PI. XXII, 1-6, 8. London. 317-321 Ear picks (five), bronze. London Wall. 322-329 Ear picks (eight), bronze. London Wall, Barge Yard, Wai- brook, etc. 330 Ear pick (?) or surgical instrument, bronze ; 7 in. 1. Austin Friars. 331 Ear pick, bronze, with thread of flattened wire bound spirally round upper portion of object ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 332 Ear pick, bronze, plain, with pointed base ; 2i in. 1. London Wall. ROMAN ORNAMENTS AND TOILET IMPLEMENTS. 27 TWEEZERS, ETC. 333 Tweezers, ear pick, and nail cleaner, bronze, connected together by a swivel for suspension ; 3^ in. 1. London. 334-335 Tweezers, ear pick, and tooth pick (two sets), bronze, joined together by a swivel for suspension ; 2^ to 3^ in. PI. XXVI, 17, 19. 336 Tweezers (pair), bronze, narrow type, head forms a loop ; 3 in. 1. 337-339 Tweezers (three pairs), bronze. London. 340-348 Tweezers (nine), similar pairs. PI. XX, 8, 10 to 15. 349 Tweezers (iron) ; 4J in. 1. PI. XX, 9. London. 350-351 Tweezers (two), bronze, the decoration of the end being in the form of a horse's head ; 4 in. 1. 352 Tweezers, ear pick, and nail cleaner, bronze, joined together by a semi-circular swivel for suspension from the girdle ; 2^ in. 1. MIRRORS. 353 Mirror lid, ornamented with concentric lines ; 3J in. Whitechapel, 1866. 354 Mirror lid, a similar specimen ; 3 in. Whitechapel, 1886. 355 Mirror, bronze, the back ornamented with concentric lines ; 4f in. Whitechapel, 1866. STRIQILS. 356 Strigil, bronze, bla.de with portion of handle ; 5 in. London. 357 Strigils (two), iron; imperfect. PI. XXII, 9, 10. Royal Exchange. PENDANTS AND EARRINGS. 358 Pendant, bronze, in shape of a flower, with pierced tang for suspension, the centre of the object is inlaid with blue enamel ; 1| in. PI. XIV, 3. London. 359 Pendant, bronze, composed of thin twisted wire ; 2f in. London. 360 Pendant, of thin bronze wire, the lower portion composed of four oblong loops connected by links to a central ornament of four strands of spirally twisted wire ; 4 in. 1. 361 Pendant, bronze, in form of a basket of flowers; 3^ in. London. J.B.A.A., XXX, 73. 362 Pendant, bronze, lozenge-shaped. London Wall. 363 Pendant, bronze, loop for suspension ; 2 in. 1. PI. XIV, 4. London Wall. 364 Earring, of thick plaited wire. Jewry Street, Aldgate. 365 Earring, pewter, simple ring type, with ends twisted together ; 3 in. diam. London Wall. ARMLETS. 366 Armlet, silver, the ends decorated with bands of beaded lines, and terminating in knobs, which are deeply grooved ; 3| in. diam. PI. XXIV, 11. London. 367-369 Armlets (three), of spirally twisted bronze wire, " hook and eye " fastening ; 2 in. London. 28 ROMAN ORNAMENTS AND TOILET IMPLEMENTS. 370-371 Armlets (two), bronze, with flattened ends, similar fastening ; 3 in. d. London. 372 Armlet, plain wire, similar fastening ; 2 in. d. London. 373 Armlets (two), bronze, composed of a flat band, the ends expand- ing into an ornament resembling a snake's head ; showing traces of tinning ; 2 in. diam. London. 374 Armlet, bronze (portion), with ornament in form of small squares, enclosing crossed lines, with dots between, on face ; 4 in. diam. London. 375 Armlet, bronze, composed of a flat band, fluted on face, with " hook and eye " fastenings ; 2 in. diam. Bishopsgate. 376 Armlet, composed of a strand of iron and one of bronze, twisted together, and looped round in one part to make a central ornament ; 2 in. diam. Barge Yard. 377 Armlet, bronze, composed of two thin strands of twisted wire ; imperfect; 2| in. diam. London Watt (?). 378 Armlet, bronze, ornamented with raised transverse lines and dots, the ends terminating in roughly formed snakes' heads ; 2J in. diam. Steelyard. 379 Armlet, bronze, ornamented with incised transverse lines ; 2f in. diam. Steelyard. 380 Armlets (two), bronze, ornamented with herring-bone pattern and dots ; 2 in. diam. Steelyard. 381 Armlet, bronze, with traces of lines and dots ; 2| in. diam. Steelyard. 382 Armlets (two), bronze, rudimentary serpent's head terminations ; 2^ and 2 in. diam. Barge Yard. 383 Armlet, bronze, horizontally ribbed on outer surface, ends deeply grooved ; probably Roman ; 3^ in. diam. London. 384 Armlet, jet, and two fragments of similar objects of larger size. PI. XXXIII, 13, 14, 15. London. 385 Armlet, jet ; imperfect. London Wall. F1NQER RINGS. 386 Finger-ring, gold, for child, with phallic emblem on bezel. Token- house Yard. 387 Finger-ring, bronze, stone missing. Barge Yard. 388 Finger-ring, bronze, with indented dotted pattern round bezel. Thames, Kew. 389 Finger-ring, bronze, of small size. Thames. 390 Finger-ring, of massive bronze, set with an opaque greenish stone, having an indented dotted ornament round bezel. PI. LXXXVI, 9. London. 391 Ring, composed of a flat band, having raised knobs and other ornaments on the face. London. 392 Finger-ring, bronze, with square bezel set with a fragment of greenish glass. PI. LXXXVI, 11. London. 393 Finger-ring, bronze, with incised design on bezel. London. ROMAN ORNAMENTS AND TOILET IMPLEMENTS. 29 394 Finger-ring, bronze, set with an opaque black paste. PI. LXXXVI, 8. London. 395 Finger-ring, bronze, with oblong bezel, having a narrow strip of gold inlaid, on which is inscribed: NITAVOLO? London. 396 Finger-ring, bronze, with intaglio, much worn, of male figure. London Wall. 397 Finger-ring, bronze, with solid bezel of pyramidal form. PI. LXXXVI, 13. London. 398 Ring, bronze; imperfect. London. 399-401 Finger-rings (three), bronze, plain, thin wire. London and Brooks' Wharf. 402 Finger-ring, iron, with overlapping ends, having a lozenge- shaped bezel, with traces of hatched lines. London. 403 Ring (portion of), iron, with red jasper intaglio, on which is en- graved a nude male figure, bearing a patera in right hand, cor- nucopia in left. PI. LXXXVI, 14. London Wall. GEMS, ETC. 404 Intaglio, black stone, female leaning on a column ; the gem is enclosed in a flat mass of vitreous paste ; If in. Mitre Street, Aid gate. 405 Intaglio, agate, female bearing cornucopia ; i in. Barge Yard. DRESS FASTENERS, ETC. 406-408 Hooks (three), bronze, double-ended. PI. XXVI, 9, 11, 13. London. 409 Hook, bronze, centre composed of strands of wire coiled cross- wise, ends recurved, portion of chain attached ; 3 in. 1. City of London. 410 Hook, bronze, triangular, with ornamental coils of wire ; If in. 1. London Wall. 411 Hook, bronze, S form, one end grooved and flattened ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 412 Hook, or loop, bronze, cross-shaped head, perforated for four rivets ; 2 in. 1. London Wall. 413 Hook (? fishing), bronze, double barb, a strand of twisted wire attached to loop ; 4 in. 1. PI. XXVIII, 13. Thames. See also p. 36. 414 Object of twisted bronze wire, ornamented with spirals and small beads, terminating in a hook at each end ; If in. 1. PI. XXVI, 16. Worship Street. 415 Object, similar, but with bone bead as ornament ; 2| in. 1. PI. XXVI, 15. Brooks' Wharf. 416 Object, with central ornament consisting of a square bronze plate, surrounded by a circle of plaited wire, two hooks at each end ; 2i in. 1. PI. XXVI, 18. Brooks' Wharf. 417-418 Objects (two), of twisted wire, with hook at each end. PI. XXVI, 14. Brooks' Wharf and London. 30 ROMAN ORNAMENTS AND TOILET IMPLEMENTS. 419 Ornament, plaited bronze wire, bosses of cabled wire at ends, one of which terminates in a loop, the other in a hook ; the loop has a chain of four links attached, with pendant of twisted wire at ends ; 32 in. 1. London Wall. 420 Ornament, with hook at each end, composed of twisted wire. PI. XXVI, 10. London. 421 Ornament, bronze, oval, with hook at each end. PI. XXVI, 8. London. 422 Ornament, with two hooks at each end, body ornamented with beads ; 2^ in. 1. PI. XXVI, 12. London. 423 Ornament, with two hooks at each end ; If in. 1. PI. XXVI, 7. London. 424 Object, bronze, consisting of three strands of wire, terminating at one end in three loops, and bound together at looped end by a band of thin wire ; 3| in. 1. London. 425 Object, of triangular form, with hook at one end ; 1^ in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 426 Ornament, bronze, of thin wire, with a double hook at one end ; 1| in. London. BODKINS AND NEEDLES. 5\ in. 1. PI. XXIX, 14. 427-428 Bodkins (two), bronze; 4 in. Austin Friars and Barge Yard. 429-431 Bodkins (three), bronze, oblong perforation in head; 4^ in. to 6| in. 1. London Wall. 432 Bodkin, bronze, with circular hole above slot. London. 433-443 Bodkins (eleven), bronze, with flattened expanding heads, pierced with oblong holes. PI. XXIX, 11, 16. London. 444-456 Bodkins (thirteen), bone, with oblong holes pierced in the head for the thread. London. 457-473 Bodkins (seventeen), bone, the larger portion of the slots made by drilling two holes side by side, and breaking through the dividing portion. London. 474 Bodkin, bone, flat head, oval eye, and circular perforation above and below eye ; imperfect ; 4f in. 1. London Wall. 475 Needle, bronze, with quadrilateral shaft, having the long, narrow eye close to the point. Austin Friars. 476-480 Needles (five), bronze; 4| to 6| in. 1. PI. XXIX, 8, 13, 15. Austin Friars, London Wall and London. 481-482 Needles (two), bronze, with grooved eyes; f in. and 4f in. 1. PI. XXIX, 9, 10. Barge Yard. 483 Needle, bronze, with globular head. Butler's Wharf. 484 Needle, bronze, with loop at base ; 6 in. 1. Cannon Street, 1883. 485-486 Needles (two), bronze, circular section, head grooved perpendi- cularly; 3i in. and 3i| in. 1. Finsbury. 487-493 Netting implements (seven), bronze, of small size, with divided points at both ends. London Wall and London. ROMAN SHOES AND SANDALS. . 31 494 Needle, bronze, with triangular points ; 4f in. 1. London Wall. 495 Needle, bronze, oblong slot, blade triangular in section and slightly curved ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 496 Needle, bronze, with two holes, each in an opposite direction to the other. PI. XXIX, 12. London. 497-498 Needles (two), bronze, with flattened heads, pierced oblong slots ; 5 in. and 5 in. 1. London Wall. 499 Needle, bronze, oblong slot in upper portion, and an obtuse point below ; 3 fg in. 1. Southwark. 500-509 Needles (ten), bronze, of ordinary type. London. 510 Needle, iron, with oblong slot; 5 in. 1. Southwark. 511 Needle, iron, with curved triangular point ; 7 in. 1. London. 512 Needle, iron, with triangular point ; 3 in. 1. Finsbury. 513 Needle, iron, with triangular point ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 514 Needle, iron, with eye at lower extremity and a tang for in- sertion in a wooden or bone handle, below which are two grooved fillets ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 515-516 Needles (two), iron, of ordinary type. London. 517-519 Needles (three), bone. Austin Friars and London. 520 Needle, bone, with rectangular eye ; 4| in. 1. London. 521-530 Needles (ten), bone, with perforated heads. London. MISCELLANEOUS. 531 Chatelaine, bronze ; with two plates decorated with cruciform ornament ( ? Christian Roman) ; 5^ in. 1. 532 Flat plate, bronze, with loop at back ; 1^ in. w. Thames, 1903. THE EOMAN PERIOD. II. SHOES AND SANDALS. 1 Shoe; imperfect; 7 in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. Described in Tite's Catalogue as a calceus or buskin for covering the foot or ankle, enclosing the back of the leg to the height of nearly six inches from the sole ; the upper leather is joined by a strong central seam, from the end of which to the very top of the buskin extends, on each side, a series of ten large oval holes, cut out by a stamp ; it is strengthened by outer soles secured by the " caliga " nails. PI. XXXV, 3. 2 Shoe ; the upper portion was sewn at the sides, and for about three inches up the toe, and covered the foot above the ankle ; the edges were scalloped and perforated with crescent-shaped openings for the lace, a broad latchet or latchets passing over the instep ; the sole, which is of four thicknesses, is fastened together by two outer rows of nails and three short inner ones ; about 10 in. 1. London. 32 ROMAN SHOES AND SANDALS. 3 Shoe, with stamped heel and sides, and triangular and lozenge- shaped openings ; a portion of the shoe-lace remains in the loop ; 6 in. 1. Opposite Mansion House. 4 Shoe, the heel casing stamped with upright rectangular openings, and having small loop to fasten over the instep ; each side is formed of two loops, and a small perforated tag projects from the extremity of the toe ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 5 Shoe, the heel pierced with square open-work ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 6 Shoe, the heel casing is pierced with numerous small squares ; the loops are longer on one side than on the other ; 5 in. 1. 7 Child's shoe, the sole studded with a row of nails round the edge ; 64 in. 1. Walbrook. 8 Child's shoe ; the heel is of open-work, terminating in loops to fasten over the instep ; 6 in. 1. PI. C, 15. London Wall. 9 Shoe ; imperfect ; about 9 in. 1. 10 Portion of shoe. 11 Shoe sole, with large nails; 7| in. 1., 2| im. w. London. 12 Sole of shoe ; lOf in. 1. 13 Interior sole, left foot ; from its size and narrowness, it is probably portion of a woman's shoe; 8 in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. 14 A similar sole ; 7^ in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. 15 Sandal, with solid heel case, terminating in a latchet of two long loops, which passed one through the other across the instep ; 8 in. 1. London. 16 Sandal, formed of two folds of leather, with solid heel casing, terminating in a latchet of two long loops, which passed one through the other across the instep ; the sides are furnished with a row of simple loops through which the thong passed ; 8^ in. PI. XXXV, 2. London. 17 Sandal, portion of another, similar. London Wall. 18 Sandal, of simple design, with long loops in front ; about 8 in. 1. London Wall. 19 Sandal, the heel pierced with squares ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 20 Sandal, heel pierced with triangular openings ; about 6 in. 1. London Wall. 21 Sandal, the heel is pierced with three triangular openings on each side, with a small hole at each corner for the lace ; about 6 in. 1. London Wall. 22 Sandal, of open-work, with double sole and two rows of nails ; about 10i in. 1. PI. XXXV, 7. London. 23 Sandal ; this specimen shows, in an interesting way, the manner of manufacture of the " ties," and of attaching them to the sole ; about 9 in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. ROMAN SHOES AND SANDALS. 33 They were originally stamped out of one piece of leather, a broad, plain space being left between them ; this was then partly separated down the centre with two wide margins, one of which remained attached to each piece of open-work, and they were also left connected together in the middle by a narrow strip of leather so cut as to form part of both. The margins were next drawn apart, so far as to allow the latchets to stand up at the sides of the foot, and were secured to the interior soles by the points of the nails, which defended and strengthened the external side below. Tite's Catalogue. 24 Sandal, of narrow form ; the upper sole is ornamented by a double stamped line round the edge ; 8 in. 1. Walbrook. 25 Sandal, for the right foot, formed of three stout layers studded with nails and having slits at the toe for toe straps ; 8 in. 1. London. 26 Sandal sole, slender form, with scalloped toe, for the right foot ; the sole consists of three stout layers, studded with nails ; the upper layer is ornamented with a stamped design ; 8f in. 1. PI. XXXV, 6. London Wall. 27 Sandal, for the right foot, the sole has four or more stout layers, and is studded with nails ; scalloped at toes ; 9 in. 1. 28 Sandal, for the right foot, of three layers of thick leather, studded with nails ; at the toe are two slits for the passage of the band which passed between the first and second toes ; 9| in. 1. 29 Sandal, for left foot, of very broad outline ; with scalloped edges ; 9i in. 1. Walbrook. 30 Sandal, for the left foot, of four stout layers ; the upper sole is ornamented with an encircling band of short incised lines ; 8 hi. 1. 31 Child's sandal ; the heel is pierced with small squares, the front is pierced with large loops ; 5 in. 1. PI. C, 14. London. 32 Portion of sandal, triangular open-work in heel. London. 33-36 Four similar specimens ; imperfect. 37 Sandal ; imperfect ; the front is formed by open work intended to be drawn together by ]aces ; 8 in. 1. PI. XXXV, 4. Royal Exchange. 38 Sandal ; imperfect ; the loops on one side are longer than those on the other, showing that the slipper was fastened on the side of the foot ; 9i in. 1. PI. XXXV, 5. London. 39 Portion of sandal, the open-work heel stamped with a number of triangular marks. London Wall. 40 Portion of sandal, consisting of an open-work heel piece, with loop to fasten over instep. London Wall. Portion of similar object ; 6 in. London. Portion of sandal, with plain heel case. London Wall. Sandal; imperfect; 10 in. 1. London. Portion of sandal, consisting of one side, the heel casing being pierced with large rectangular openings; 9J in. 1. Tokenhou^e Yard. 84 ROMAN SHOES AND SANDALS. 45 Portion of sandal, the heel casing being pierced with a pattern in squares and triangles. Royal Exchange. 46 Portion of heel of sandal, with delicate triangular open-work. London. 47 Portion of heel of sandal, of stamped open-work. Royal Exchange, 1841. 48 Portion of toe of sandal, of stamped open work. Royal Ex- change, 1841. 49 Side piece of sandal. London Wall. 50 Toe piece of sandal. London Wall. 51 Portion of sandal, the heel pierced with squares. 52 Fastening for sandal, consisting of a broad piece of leather having a slit in one end through which is drawn the termination of another band of the sandal formed into a rude, thick button passed between the first and second toe. Royal Exchange, 1841. 53 Upper sole of sandal, scalloped at the toe and stamped with four openings down the centre ; 8| in. 1. London. 54 Sole of sandal, of three layers, riveted together with nails ; 8^ in. 1. Walbrook. 55 Sole of sandal ; 10| in. 1. London Wall, 1866. 56 Sole of sandal ; Hi in. 1. 57 Sole of sandal ; imperfect ; 9 in. 1. 58 Sole of sandal ; imperfect ; thickly studded with nails ; the upper sole is smaller than the lower ones, and appears to be of some substance other than leather, perhaps cork ; 11 in. 1. London. 59 Sole of sandal, with nails ; about 9 in. 1. London. 60 Sole of sandal, of four layers, studded with nails ; 10 in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. 61 Sole of sandal, with portion of heel casing remaining ; 9 in. 1. London. 62 Sole of sandal ; about 6 in. 1. London Wall. 63 Sole of sandal ; about 7 in. 1. London Wall. 64 Sole of small sandal, studded with small nails; 6 in. 1. London. 65 Sole of sandal, similar ; 5 in 1. London. 66 Sole of sandal, similar ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 67 Sole of sandal, for left foot, the under portion is studded with nails arranged into an S -shaped device in the centre; 10 in. 1. London. 68 Sole of sandal, for left foot, of two layers studded with nails ; about 9 in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. 69 Sole of sandal, for left foot ; ?i in. 1. London. 70 Sole of caliga, or small military boot ; 7| in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. KOMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 71 Clog, composed of one piece of wood, hollowed beneath to form a heel and a cross-bar below toes, two stout leather latchets with eyes for lace, are passed through two holes near the heel, and knotted underneath; 10^ in 1., 3j in. w. Said to have been found with Roman remains opposite the Mansion House. 72 Leather ; two thin pieces of flexible leather, with rude punctured ornamentation, which appears to have been executed by means of a wheel; 6| and 6^ in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. THE ROMAN PERIOD. III. DOMESTIC UTENSILS, APPLIANCES, ETC. ROMAN BALANCES, SCALES, ETC. 1 Balance, bronze ; the beam has a loop and hook in the centre for suspension, and at each end is a large double hook ; close to one of these is another hook which depends from a loop on. the underside of the beam ; at the other end is a sliding loop for the weight by which means the difference in weight between two objects is decided, without the necessity for a number of fractional weights ; 13 in. 1. PL XXIII, 8. London Watt. '2 Balance, folding, bronze, with raised bosses on which are the circle and dot pattern ; imperfect. 3 Beam of a pair of pocket scales in bronze ; the rod is jointed to enable it to be carried, folded, in the pouch ; 7| in. Lime Street. 4 Beam, bronze, with double hooks at each end ; the original eyelets for the hooks appear to have been broken at an early period, and fresh ones riveted to the flattened extremities of the beam ; a piece of wire is coiled round one of the pairs of hooks ; 13^ in. 1. Q'tieen Victoria Street, corner of Walbrook, 1897. O Beam, bronze, portion only, with example of ancient mending ; the fracture has been bound round with a coil of wire ; 4f- in. PL XXIII, 3. London. 6 Scale beam, bronze, with link at either end ; 4| in. PL XXIII, 9. Austin Friars. 7 Steelyard, of bronze, with hook and rings ; 4| in. PL XXIII, 5. St. Mildred's, Poultry. 8 Scale beam, of bronze, folding ; 5^ in. 1. London. 9 Scale beam, bronze ; imperfect ; 5-f in. 1. London. 10 Scale beam of bronze ; imperfect ; T\ in. London. 11 Scale beam of bronze ; 9 in. London. 12 Steelyard, of bronze ; 5| in. PL XXIII, 4. London. 13 Scale beam, bronze ; 7^ in. PL XXIII, 7. London Wall. 4* 36 ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 14- 15 Scale beams (two), bronze ; imperfect. Barge Yard, 1879. 16 Scale beam of bronze ; 7| in. St. Martin's-le- Grand, 1870. 17 Scale beam of bronze ; 5| in. London. 18 Scale beam of bronze ; 5 in. PI. XXIII, 1. London. 19 Scale beam of bronze ; 5 in. PI. XXIII, 2. London. 20-21 Scale beams (two), bronze; imperfect; 4f in. 1. London Waif. 22 Scale beam of bone ; 4 in. 1. 23 Bowl, bronze, for scales, with three perforations; 3 in. diam. , 1 in. h. London Wall. 24 Weights (two), in bronze, for a "steelyard"; 2 in. PI. XXIII. 6. London. 25 Disc, of lead, circular, one side irregularly indented; 1 in. diam.. & in. thick. London Wall. BOWLS. 26 Bowl, bronze, saucer-shaped; 2 X J in. London. J.B.A.A. , xxvi, 380. 27 Bowl, bronze, two curved handles, base flanged and ornamented with incised concentric lines; 5 in. h., llf in. diam. PI. XVIII, 10. 28 Bowl, similar, with turned over rim; 4 in. h., 14 in. diam. No. 27 was found, enclosed in No. 28, in Nicholas Lane. 29 Bowl ( ?) cooking vessel, thin yellow bronze, with remains of threa iron feet ; 5| in. diam. , 2 in. h. Ludgate. 30 Bowl-shaped object, deep centre, broad, sloping rim; 4| in. diam., 1| in. h. Clement's Lane. 31 Salver, or dish, with scalloped and embossed border, within which is aji engraved double concentric line ; 7| in. PL XXX, 4. Found with Roman bottle and scale beam in Queen Victoria Street. 32 Bowl, bronze, with scars where handle has been attached ; 3 in. diam., f in. h. Southwark. FISH-HOOKS. 33 Fish-hook, double, of bronze, with barbs, and having a strand of thin twisted wire still attached to the loop ; 2 in. PL XXVIII, 16. Found in the Thames, London. 34 Fish-hook, similar to the above; 1| in. Thames, London. 35-36 Fish-hooks (two), bronze; 1 in. Thames, London. 37-39 Fish-hooks (three), bronze. PL XXVIII, 14, 15, 17. Thames. 40 Fish-hook, iron ; 2| in. 1. PL XXVIII, 18. London Wall. FORKS. 41 Fork, iron, curved, or two-pronged rake; 12 in. 1. PL XIX. 9. London Wall. 42 Fork, iron, two-pronged, no handle : 5 in. Queen Victoria Street. 43 Fork (?), two-pronged instrument, with solid iron handle; im- perfect. London. ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 37 44 Fork, iron, two-pronged, \vith tang for handle ; 7i X 3| in. London. 45 Fork or spear ( ?), iron object, with prongs and hollow socket ; 3| in. London. 46 Fork, iron, two prongs ; 5 in. 1. , 2 in. w. London Wall. 47 Fork (?), bronze, with two curved prongs; 4| in. PI. XXI, 11. London. 48 Fork (?), of bronze, with two prongs; 4J in. 1. PI. XXI, 12. Barge Yard (?). KNIVES, ETC. 49 Knife, iron, having a broad blade and curved edge, tapering to a point, with tang for handle ; a culter or sacrificial knife ; 10| in. PI. XIX, 3. London. 50 Knife, or culter, iron, similar to the above ; 6 in. 1. London. 51 Knife, iron, similar, no handle ; a bronze band or collar still remains where the handle joined the blade ; 4| in. 1. London. 52 Knife, iron, with bronze handle ; 5 in. London. 53 Knife, iron, with curved blade, and flat tang, terminating in a loop ; the handle is formed by two convex plates of bone fastened with two rivets, and is ornamented with incised lines ; 5i in. 1. PI. XVII, 7. Tokenhouse Yard. . 54 Knife, iron, with bone handle, ornamented with hatched and diagonal lines ; 7^ in. PL XVII, 8. London. 55 Knife, iron, bone handle, bands of hatched lines as ornament ; 7i in. PI. XVII, 6. London. 56-59 Knives (four), iron, small, with bone handles, decorated in various ways, and having loops at the base. London. 60 Knife, iron, with bone handle, decorated with bands of crossed lines, with loops at base. London. 61 Knife, iron, with bone handle, the blade is curved and the handle decorated with concentric rings ; 5 in. London. 62 Knife, iron, with curved blade, ornamented bone handle, and ring at base for suspension to the girdle ; 6 in. 1. London. 63-64 Knives (two), iron, with curved blades, ornamented bone handles, and loops for suspension ; 7 in. and 9 in. London. 65 Knife, iron, with short, broad blade ; the bone handle is orna- mented with horizontal grooves ; 3 in. London Wall. 66-67 Knives (two), iron, with plain bone handles; 6J in. London; London Wall. 68 Knife, iron, with curved blade and wooden handle ; 9| in. Thames, near London Bridge. 69 Knife, with thick quadrangular solid iron handle; 6 in. London. 70 Knife, with curved blade, iron handle, and loop at base; a pruning knife (?) ; 7 in. PI. XIX, 8. London. 71 Knife, iron, with tang and loop (bone handle-plate missing) ; 6^ in. London Wall. 38 ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 72 Knife, similar to No. 71, with two rivet holes for handle- plate, and a semi-circular loop at base ; 7 in. London. 73 Knife, iron, with looped handle and straight-pointed blade ; 7 in. London Wall. 74 Knife, iron, similar to No. 70 ; 5 in. PI. XIX, 7. London. 75-76 Knives (two), iron, much decayed, having rings at base of handles. London. 77 Knife, iron, with straight blade and loop at base of handle ; 6 in. Billingsgate Market. 78 Knife, iron, with leaf-shaped blade, solid narrow handle and loop at base ; 5 in. London. 79 Knife, iron, with straight-edged blade, tapering to a point, and socket for handle ; 5| in. London Wall. 80 Knife, iron, with hollow socket, open on one side ; 5^ in. 1. London. 81 Knife, iron, with tang for handle ; 6| in. 1. London. 82 Knife-blade, iron, with straight edge, curved back, and tang for handle ; 6 in. London. 83 Knife-blade, iron, with curved edge and tang for handle ; 6| in. London. 84 Knife-blade, iron, with straight-edged blade and having the cutting edge running obliquely across the end ; 5^ in. London Wall. 85 Knife-blade, iron, broad, curved form ; flat handle-plate with three rivets in position; 6 in. PI. XIX, 6. Tokenhouse Yard. 86 Knife-like object, iron, with broad, square-ended blade, having grooved shoulder and a ring at the base ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 87 Knife-handle, bronze, of flattened tubular form, with loop at base ; 3^ in. 1. Royal Exchange, 1841. 88 Knife, iron, with broad curved blade and short tang for handle ; 10^ in. London Wall. 89 Knife-handle, bone, decorated with crossed lines, having two holes for rivets ; 2| in. 1. Moorfields. 90 Knife-handle, bone, decorated with incised circle and dot pattern ; 3 in. London. 91-92 Knife-handles (two), bone, decorated ; 3 in. London. 93-94 Knife-handles (two), bone, ornamented with grooves and incised lines ; 4 in. and 5^ in. London Wall. 95 Knife, broad blade, with brass handle, decorated with incised circles and oblique lines, the butt in the form of a boar's head ; probably Roman; G in. 1. Walbrook, 1870. 96 Knife, iron blade, back curving to point, with square-ended bone handle, decorated with incised perpendicular lines ; 4^ in. 1. London. 97 Object, iron, enclosed in a cylindrical bone case ; probably a knife ; 9| in. London. 98 Object, iron, square in section, tapering to a point, with a tang for handle, originally about 6 in. 1. ; perhaps a " steel " for sharpening knives. 'London. ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 39 99 Object, iron, similar ; 7 in. 1. London. 100-101 Objects (two), iron, square sections, tapered points, tang for handles ; originally about 6 in. 1. London. 102 Object, iron, one end pointed, the other a broad, flattened plate ; circular section, deeply grooved on one side ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. SPOONS, LADLES, STRAINERS, ETC. 103 Spoon, bronze ; the bowl is elongated and narrow, and the stem is spirally grooved, terminating iu a long bulb ; 7 in. Opposite Mansion House. 104 Spoon, with long bowl ; 6| in. Opposite Mansion House. 105 Spoon, with octagonal stem and short bowl ; 4| in. London Wall. 106-107 Spoons (two), similar, with long bowls. London Wall. 108-114 Spoons (seven), bronze; 5^ in. to 7 in. 1. Dowgate Hill; London; London Wall. 115-119 Spoons (five), in bronze; some with traces of tinning; 44 to 5| in. London. 120 Spoon, bronze ; 4 in. Opposite Mansion House. 121-124 Spoons (four), similar, bone, having circular bowls and slender pointed stem ; 3f to 5 in. London. 125 Scoop, bronze, with annular handle ; If in. Austin Friars. 126-129 Scoops (four), bone, similar; 3f to 5 in. 130 Spoon, of copper ( ?), with shallow, oval, pointed bowl ; 5 in. PI. XXI, 7. Opposite Mansion House. 131 Spoon, bronze, with oblique edge to bowl, semi-circular curved joint, and slender spiral stem ; 6| in. PL XXI, 1. London. 132 Spoon, with unusual bowl, narrow above and expanding abruptly below into a circular outline, semi-circular " shoulder " ; slender stem ; 5 in. PL XXI, 3. London. 133 Spoon, similar to last, but having a " beaded " swelling on shaft ; 6| in. PL XXI, 2. London. 134 Spoon, in bronze, with pear-shaped bowl and long, slender stem ; 3| in. PL XXI, 6. London. 135 Spoon, bronze, with circular bowl, slender stem, and ring at top ; 3| in. PL XXI, 9. London. 136 Spoon, similar to No. 135; 4 in. PL XXI, 10. London. 137 Spoon, similar to No. 135, but with loop facing sideways ; 4 in. PL XXI, 8. London. 138 Spoon, with pear-shaped pewter bowl and slender iron stem ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 139 Spoon, with circular bowl of pewter, and slender iron stem ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 140 Spoon-bowl (?), bronze, four circular holes in centre; 1 in. 1. London. 141 Spoon, bronze, with pear-shaped bowl and curved projection at base of bowl ; imperfect ; 3 in. PL XXI, 4. London. 40 ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 142 Spoon, bronze ; imperfect ; 3 in. 1. PL XXI, 5. London. 143 Implement (handle only), the base recurved to form a loop, the whole of the face of the object ornamented with a dotted design ; probably the handle of a spoon. London. 144 Ladle, bronze, with deep oval bowl and long slender handle, expanding at end, the latter having a hook for suspension ; broken ; 13i in. 1. 145 Ladle, bronze, handle missing ; the bowl is pierced with holes to act as a strainer ; 4^ in. PL XXX, 7. Cornhill. 146 Strainer, bronze ; portion only ; 6 X 3| in, PL XXX, 3. London. 147 Strainer, in bronze, with projecting tubular socket attached by five rivets ; 7 in. 1. PL XXX, 1. London. 148 Strainer, in bronze, of circular form ; 8| in. diam. PL XXX, 2. London Wall (?). 149 Strainer ; imperfect ; bronze ; probably Roman ; 5| X 4 in. London Wall. 150 Skewer, of iron, with flattened head, and traces of fine spiral grooves on point ; 7| in. London. 151 Skewer, or spit, iron, of long, slender form, with expanding head ; 16| in. 1. London. WOODEN OBJECTS. 152 Dish, flat, turned on the lathe. London. 153 Keg, portion of a " cupa " or wooden keg. Found in Blomfield Street, Moorfields, July, 1863, with two glass vessels and vases, and containing two urns (See p. 83, No. 103) filled with calcined bones. 154 Bowl, turned, with curved and ridged sides ; 3 X 4^ in. 155 Disc, perforated ; perhaps a fishing float ; 3| in. diam. Barge Yard. 156 Object of wood, pointed ; 5| in. 1. Barge Yard. 157 Blade of an agricultural implement, of oak, of oblong form, curving inwards towards the base, which is rounded ; in the blade are two circular holes and one of irregular outline ; the edge of the object is oblique; 13^ in. 1., 8g in. w. at lower end, 3f in. w. towards the upper end. City of London. Somewhat similar objects have been found in the tin mines in Cornwall, but with one circular hole only. SPINNING AND WEAVING IMPLEMENTS. 158 Spindle of bone, well finished ; 7 in. 1. London. 159 Spindle of bone ; 5 in. 1. London. 160 Spindle, of bone ; 6| in. 1. London. 161 Spindle of bone, with well polished surface ; 5 in. Cannon Street, 1883. 162 Spindle of bone ; imperfect ; 4| in. 1. London. ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 41 163 Spindle of bone ; 7 in. London. 164 Spindle of wood ; 5 in. 1. Barge Yard, 1879. 165 Spindle of wood, 6 in. 1., with coil of flax still adhering to the centre of the shaft. London. 166 Spindle of wood ; 6 in. 1. London. 167-168 Spindles (two), of wood ; 7 in. and 7 in. London. 169 Spindle of wood; 5^ in. Barge Yard (?). 170 Spindle of wood, 8| in. 1., with whorl of pottery still in position (made from fragment of vase), 1^ in. diam. London. 171 Spindle-whorl, bone, hemispherical section ; 1 in. PI. XXIX, 6. Lombard Street, 1868. 172 Spindle-whorl, bone, flat section ; If in. London. 173-175 Spindle-whorls (three), bone ; one with spindle in position ; f in. to li in. diam. PI. XXIX, 3, 7. London Wall. 176-178 Spindle-whorls (three), bone. PI. XXIX, 2, 4. St. Martin's-le- Grand, 1870; Three Kings' Court, 1870; Blackfriars, 1865. 179 Spindle-whorl of lead ; 1 in. London Wall. 180-182 Spindle-whorls (three), of stone, of ordinary and of conical form ; IJj in. Sermon Lane; London Wall, 1866. 183 Spindle-whorl of baked clay, ornamented with incised lines ; lit in. London Wall. 184-188 Spindle-whorls (five), terra-cotta. Fenchurch Street; Thames, near Cannon Street Railway Bridge; Brooks' Wharf, 1868; Tokenhouse Yard, 1865 ; London. 189 Spindle-whorl, terra-cotta, with incised lines ; 1J^ in. Tokenhouse Yard, 1865. 190-195 Spindle-whorls (six), similar, decorated with incised lines. PL XXIX, 1, 5. London. 196 Spindle-whorl, light-coloured pottery (formed from a fragment of a vase), slightly grooved on one face ; the perforation is irregu- lar ; If in. diam. Southwark. 197 Comb of wood, used in weaving ; 6^ X 3 in. London. SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, ETC. 198 Instrument, in bronze, pointed, with shaped head, the pointed end being curved to a spoon-like contour ; a lancet ( ?) ; 5| in. PL XXII, H. London. 199 Instrument, of iron, having a flat spade-shaped blade, pierced with two holes above, and a spirally-twisted, slender handle, terminat- ing in a loop ; 4^ in. Royal Exchange. 200 Instrument, iron, similar ; 5 in. London. 201 Object of bronze, pin-shaped ; 7| in. PL XXII, 7. Barge Yard. 202 Instrument, bronze, with long slender shaft, the end terminating in a small flat spatula-shaped blade ; 4f in. PL XXV, 16. London. 203 Object, bronze (silver-plated), having a curved blade and spirally- twisted shaft ; 5 in, PL XXII, 12. Dowgate Hill. 42 ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 204 Spatula- shaped handle of a lancet, in bronze ; the portion where the blade was inserted is square in section, and rust from the decayed blade still remains on the socket ; 3^ in. London. 205 Lancet-handle, bronze, similar, with fragment of iron blade ; 3 in. Barge Yard. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 206 Disc, bronze, circular, slightly concave, perforated in centre, and ornamented with concentric lines ; perhaps a cymbal ; 3| in. diam. London Wall. 207 Flute, of bone, with three holes ; 4 in. PI. XXXIV, 12. Thames, Wandsworth. 208-210 Flutes (three), bone ; 5 to 6 in. 1. ; and a portion of another. PI. XXXIV, 13, 14, 15. London Wall, etc. 211-212 Portions of a bronze and bone flute. London. 213 Whistle, bone, with mouldings on base and shoulder ; 4 in. 1. PI. XL VI, 8. London Wall. WRITING IMPLEMENTS. 214 Tablet, of wood, the upper face hollowed for the reception of a thin scale of wax, upon which the letter was written with the stylus ; 5 X 44 in. PI. XXXII, 13. Royal Exchange, 1841. 215 Tablet, wood, two leaves of a similar object; 5 X 4 in. Royal Exchange. 216-217 Tablets, wood ; portions of two others. Royal Exchange. 218 Bod, bronze, cleft at base, having a loop for suspension above ; perhaps for drawing parallel lines on a wax tablet ; 4| in. London Wall, 1884. 219 Stylus, of unusual type, in bronze, having a fan-shaped end for flattening the wax on the tablet ; the writing end is unusually blunt ; 5i in. London. 220 Stylus, bronze, with acorn-shaped top and small point ; 3| in. PI. XXXI. 11. London Wall. 221-222 Styli (two), bronze ; 4 in. London and Barge Yard. 223 Stylus, bronze, plain form, with flat blade ; imperfect ; 3| in. London. 224 Stylus, of short form, with flattened base ; 2| in. 225 Stylus, bronze (?), ornamented with engraved lines; 3J in. Royal Exchange. 226 Instrument of stylus form, bronze, with flat-topped square-sided head, and three similar projections on body ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 227 Instrument, bronze, ornamented shaft ; one end shortened into a short blade ; probably used to flatten the wax on writing tablets ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 228-229 Pens (two), bronze, in the form of a hollow tube, tapering to a point ; 4| and 3 in. Austin Friars and London Wall. ROMAN DOMESTIC UTENSILS AND APPLIANCES. 43 230 Tube, bronze, hollow, of tapering form ; a pen ( ?) ; 4 in. 1. Finsbury. 231 Stylus, of iron, inlaid with bronze, cleaned to show the appear- ance when new ; 4f in. PI. XXXI, 17. London. 232-241 Styli (ten), of iron, inlaid with thin bands of bronze ; 3 to 4| in, PI. XXXI, 18; XXXII, 19. London. 242 Styli (two), of iron, inlaid with bronze or otherwise decorated ; 4 to 6 in. PI. XXXII, 10, 11. London Wall and Aiistin Friars. 243-250 Styli (eight), of iron, inlaid with bronze ; 4| to 5| in. London. 251 Stylus, of iron, with engraved pattern consisting of hatched lines, on shoulder, and also on flat portion ; 6 in. London. 252-259 Styli (eight), various, of iron, with decorated shoulder for the "grip"; 4f to 5 in. Austin Friars, etc. 260-261 Styli (two), iron, with " grip " ornamented with incised lines ; 44 and 4| in. PL XXXI, 14, 15. London. 262 Stylus, iron, with engraved lines ; 6 in. PL XXXI. 20. London Wall. 263 Stylus, iron, the shaft ornamented with knobs ; 4J in PI. XXXII, 12. London. 264 Stylus, iron, with spiral stem ; 5| in. PL XXXI, 12. London. 265-276 Styli (twelve), of iron, plain types ; 5 to 6 in. PL XXXI, 13, 16, 19. Austin Friars; London Wall; London. 277-286 Styli (ten), of iron, of various types ; 4 to 6 in. Austin Friars. 287-288 Styli (two), of iron, with broad fan-shaped "eraser"; 3| in. London. 289-292 Styli (four), of iron, with heads of unusual form ; 4 to 5 in. Austin Friars; London Wall; and Brooks' Wharf. 293 Stylus, bone, or writing instrument ; it consists of a rod of bone with globular head, and a needle point is inserted in the base, the point of which scored into the wax tablet ; 3 in. 1. Backchurch Lane, Spitalfields. 294 Stylus, bone, globular head, six parallel grooves on shaft ; 34: in. 1. London Wall. 295-306 Styli (twelve), of bone ; about 3 to 5 in. 1. PL XXXI, 110. London Wall; London. 307 Ink-well, bronze, of tubular form, having a convex top, with hole in centre i in. in diameter; riveted on one side is a small tongue- shaped piece of bronze, which may be the remains of a small handle ; the base is stamped with the maker's mark, EX OF COR, and the side ornamented with incised lines; If in. h., If in. diam. London Wall. 308 Ink-well, of bronze, of cylindrical form ; 14 X If in. St. Bene'fs, Gracechurch Street. 309 Ink-well, of bronze, on three curved feet ; 2 X 2f in. PL XIV, 7. London Wall (?). 310 Ink-well, similar, bronze ; imperfect. St. Martiris-le- Grand, 1870. 44 ROMAN LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 311 Inkstand, bronze, with straight sides, ornamented with concentric lines ; U X 1 in. GAMES. 312 Dice-box, bone (1 in.), ornamented with the ring pattern; and one of two dice (-& in.), found with it. PL XXXIV, 5, 9. London Wall. 313-317 Dice (five), bone, of various sizes ; one has the corner rounded off ; i to | in. PI. XXXIV, 1, 4, 6, 7, 8. Thames Street and Lombard Street, 1864. 318-319 Dice (two), bone ; f and i in. PI. XXXIV, 2, 3. Little Bell Alley. 320 Diceman, square, bone or ivory ; J in. diam. London. 321-322 Astragali or knuckle bones (two), in lead ; Greek or Roman ( ?). 323 Game-piece, bone, circular, plain, with rounded edge ; J in. diam. London Wall. 324-329 Six bone discs of flattened form ; used in playing games. London. 330 Game-piece, opaque white glass, in form of a circular disc, with rounded edge ; J in. diam. London Wall. 331-336 Six glass bosses, with flattened under-side ; perhaps used in play- ing games. London. 337 Base of vase, brown mottled ware, which has been rubbed into a circular form ; 1^ in. diam. London Wall. THE ROMAN PERIOD. IV. LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. BRONZE AND IRON LAMPS. 1 Lamp, bronze, of circular form, for three wicks, having a stout stem for insertion in a stand ; 3 in. diam. 2 Lamp, hanging, of bronze, the bowl is star-shaped, with six spouts, and has a pendant bowl below connected by a hook ; the stem is cylindrical, ornamented with elaborate open-work designs, the lower portion being composed of Romanesque arches, the central one of conventional animals, and the upper one of oblong and circular holes. The top consists of a rounded moulding, pierced with trefoil openings ; above all are three projections terminating in the heads of animals ; Christian Roman ; 12^ in. h. PI. IX, 7. J.B.A.A., XXVI, 470. London. 3 Lamp, bronze, of ordinary plain form ; 5 in. 1. London. 4 Portion of a double-spouted bronze lamp, of small size. London. 5 Handle of a bronze lamp, the top terminating in the upper portion of a bearded male figure ; 2f in. PI. XIV, 1. London. 6 Candlestick, bronze, portion only, consisting of a saucer-shaped disc 2^ in. diam., with stout stem to fit into the socket of the cande- labrum ; the inside of the bowl is ornamented with incised lines, and has the remains of the thin spike on which the candle was stuck. Austin Friars. ROMAN LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 45 7 Lamp, of iron, with outer case for suspension, having four loops and fragment of chain, with " figure of eight " links, both case and lamp have traces of handles, and the nozzle of the latter is. ornamented with a small bronze boss ; 3 X 2 in. 8 Lamp, of iron, consisting of a flat open bowl with projecting spout. The back of the lamp has a projection, which, rising from the bowl, is curved over, and pierced at the end to receive a swivel, the upper portion of the swivel being looped to suspend the bbject. The whole much resembles the lower portion of a Scotch crusie ; 6^ in. 1., 4 in. w., 6 in. h. 9 Lamp, iron, of oblong form, with central reservoir ; 8^ in. 1. Broad Street. INSCRIBED LAMPS. 10 Lamp, of pale buff ware. With maker's name, ANNI SEB, and a small concentric ornament above and below. 4| x 3^ in. 11 Lamp, of grey ware, with brown exterior (imperfect). Maker's mark, AB . STI = AP[BI]STI? in relief on base. Air hole above nozzle. 12 Lamp, in brownish glazed ware (imperfect) ; with potter's mark, ATIVSA, on base. 3^ X 2f in. Lothbury, 1865. 13 Lamp, Avith blue black exterior (handle imperfect). Maker's mark, ATTILIVS. F. 3| X 2 in. Austin Friars. 14 Lamp, of slightly lustrous brown colour, with the bust of an empress or goddess in relief. Maker's name, AVF . FBON, in sunk label in relief, above is an incised mark resembling the numeral I. 4 X 2| in. 15 Lamp, of pale buff ware ; bust of empress or goddess surrounded by a border. Maker's mark, L . CAEC . SAE, a ring and dot orna- ment above and below. 3 X 2 in. 16 Lamp, of reddish ware, decorated with a Cupid playing with a dolphin within a border on body. Maker's mark, CAES. 4| X 3^ in. 17 Lamp, of similar ware ; Cupid with bunch of grapes, within a border. Maker's mark, L . CAESA. 3 X 2^ in. 18 Lamp, in terra cotta, in the centre of the body is the Christian monogram, partly surrounded by a border of discs and loops ;. 4 X 2| in. 19 Lamp, similar ; imperfect ; 4| X 2| in. 20 Lamp, of pale buff ware, ornamented with a small mask, between two perforations. Maker's mark, DOMTIVS . 33 x 2 i n . pi. x, 7. Abchurch Lane, 1862. 21 Lamp, of hard buff ware (imperfect), with well defined maker's mark, in relief. The two small bosses on sides may be 9m survivals of pierced ears for suspension ; 4 X 3 in. 22 Lamp of hard red ware, with grey exterior, a small mask on body. Maker's mark, EVCABPI ; 34 X 2 in. Thames Street. 23 Lamp, of hard red ware (imperfect), with small mask in relief. Maker's mark, EVCABPI ; 3| X 2 in. London. 46 ROMAN LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 24 Lamp, of brown colour (imperfect). Maker's mark, EVCARPI ; 3 X 2^ in. Austin Friars. 25 Lamp, portion only, in brownish glazed ware. Potter's mark, EVCARII (? EVCARPI) on base. 3 X 2^ in. Lothbury. 26 Lamp, of pale buff ware, with lustrous brown glaze, ornamented in relief. Victory holding a palm branch and a shield inscribed CTII ? FELICITAS. Maker's mark, print of a human foot bearing in relief LVC. 5J X 3J in. PL IX, 3. 21 Lamp, of ochreous brown colour, with two bosses on rim of bowl, the upper portion of which is ornamented with a mask in relief. Maker's name, FORTIS, on base; 3| x 2| in. PI. X, 1. Site of Winchester Palace, Sonthwark. 28 Lamp, of "smoky" brown colour; handle wanting. Maker's mark, FORTIS ; 4 X 2^ in. Austin Friars. 29 Lamp, of pale buff ware, unglazed, having as ornament Jupiter seated, holding sceptre, with eagle at his side. Maker's mark, -pTT-Rrv NEMV' ^ x ^ ' @ reat Winchester Street. 30 Lamp, of red ware (imperfect) with two small bosses on rim of bowl. Maker's name, STROBILI, in relief on base within circles ; 3| X 3 in. PL X, 3. Lombard Street. 31 Base of lamp, with micaceous grains in the clay. Maker's mark, SVRILLIN-F ; 2 X 2^ in. 32 Lamp of micaceous clay, covered with a lustrous red glaze ; the body is ornamented with an eight-petalled flower in relief. Maker's mark, I, on base. 3| X 2| in. 33 Lamp, of brownish colour, the body is decorated with a bust of Diana within a crescent, surrounded by a wreath and concentric circles ; small hole at base of nozzle ; maker's mark in relief on base I ; 4 X 3 in. Site of Royal Exchange,, near an altar to Diana, now destroyed. 34 Lamp, covered with lustrous brown pigment, having maker's mark, III, in relief on base ; 4^ x 3 in. 35 Lamp, of pale buff ware, the centre of the bowl painted a dull brown, with two cornucopias surrounded by a border of egg and tongue moulding on body. Maker's mark, incuse, a print of a human foot. 4 x 3 in. 36 Lamp, of red lustrous colour, plain. Maker's mark, print of human foot. 4| X 2| in. 37 Lamp, of brown colour. Maker's mark, prints of two human feet. 31 X 2| in. 38 Lamp, of the plain variety. Maker's mark, prints of two human feet, beneath a crescent in relief. 3| x 2| in. DECORATED LAMPS, TERRA-COTTA. 39 Lamp, of brownish colour, nozzle shield-shaped, with unusually large opening for the neck. The body of the object is ornamented with a representation of Actaeon and his dogs ; 4rf X 3 in. PL IX, 2. ROMAN LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 47 40 Lamp, of same ware, with Charon in his boat as an ornament on the body; 4 X 2| in. PI. IX, 6. 41 Lamp, of buff ware, with greyish exterior, having figure of a Centaur carrying an amphora (imperfect) ; 4 x 2 in. Clement's Lane, 1865. 42 Lamp, of pale buff ware, with lustrous orange exterior. A Cupid with sword and shield in relief on bowl (imperfect) ; 4 in. Lombard Street. 43 Lamp, portion only, of brownish colour, the body is ornamented with a crescent in relief (a symbol of Diana) ; 4 X 3 in. Found with No. 33, on the site of the Royal Exchange. 44 Lamp, of buff ware ; head of Silenus ; 3J X 2f in. 45 Lamp, soft buff ware, ornamented in relief. Sol in chariot? surrounded by a meander border ; 3| X 3 in. 46 Lamp ; imperfect ; ornamented with a nude female figure standing on a shell, with ewer at her side. The bath of Venus? 3| X 2f in. 47 Lamp, with reddish exterior, ornamented in relief with a winged figure of Victory standing on a globe and holding a palm branch and a wreath in either hand. 3| x 2| in. London. 48 Lamp of reddish colour ; Victory holding a shield ; 3J X 2f in. 49 Lamp, small, of red glazed ware (imperfect), with a small mask on body ; 2| X 1 in. PI. IX, 4, and X, 8. Austin Friars. Note. This specimen is of great interest, as it is still within the spoon-shaped leaden stand, which has three feet. 50 Lamp, in red glazed ware, the upper portion is in the form of a negro's head, the elongated chin forming the nozzle, the open mouth being for the reception of the wick ; the oil was poured through an opening in the projecting handle. The lower side represents a camel's head, with the head-gear peculiar to those animals still in use at the present day ; 4^ x If in. PI. IX, 5. Moorgate Street. 51 Lamp, of micaceous clay, much blackened by fire ; with figure of a female floating in the air, and bearing an erect and an inverted torch ; 3| X 2f in. PL X, 6. Lombard Street, 1870. 52 Lamp, with brown exterior, having a figure of a gladiator in relief, this specimen has a small " air hole " at base of nozzle ; 3 x 2 in. Lombard Street. 53 Lamp, portion only, with gladiator in relief ; 4f X 2f in. Lombard Street. 54 Lamp, in unusually light coloured ware, with " limbs of the cross " on body; 3 X If in. Early Christian? London. 55 Lamp, of stone-coloured ware, with lustrous reddish brown ex- terior, having figure of dolphin in relief (imperfect) ; 3 X 2| in. Throgmorlon Street, 1871. 56 Lamp, of buff ware, with reddish brown exterior, ornamented in relief with the figure of a horse saddled and bridled ; 4 x 3 in. 57 Lamp, portion only, in red glazed ware, with figures of hound and boar in relief ; 3 X 3 in. 58 Lamp, in brownish glazed ware, with figure of a running dog in centre of body ; 4 x 3 in. Aldermaribury , 1864. 48 ROMAN LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 59 Lamp, portion only, of brownish colour, with figure of an eagle in relief ; 1 % X 2 in. 60 Lamp, with lustrous brown glaze, bowl decorated with scroll work and two birds, " air hole " above nozzle ; 5 X 3| in. 61 Lamp, of dark brown colour, the body ornamented with a band of helmets, spears, and shields in relief ; small hole at base of nozzle ; 4^ X 3 in. 62 Lamp, of ochreous colour, decorated with a wreath of oak leaves and acorns ; 5 x 3| in. PL IX, 8. London. 63 Lamp, miniature, in light ware, with incised and punctured decora- tion (imperfect) ; 3 X 2 in. St. Bene't's, Gracechurch Street, 1869. 64 Lamp, upper portion, with " mulberry " pattern on body ; 3 X 2f in. 65 Lamp, portion only, coarse red ware ; 2| X 3 in. Mark Lane, 1866. 66 Lamp, of " micaceous " clay, top of bowl ornamented with band of vertical lines, " air hole " at base of nozzle ; 3^ X 2^ in. Three Kings' Court, Lombard Street, 1870. 67 Lamp, of blackish colour, with bosses at sides of bowl ; 3| X 2 in PI. X, 4. Dowgate Hill, 1869. 68 Lamp, in brownish ware, shoe-shaped, with unusually large open- ing in body, ornamented with a band of incised " herring bone " between the two orifices ; 4| x 2 in. PL X, 12. London. 69 Lamp, of brown coloured ware, with ornamental wings at sides ; 3| X 2J in. 70 Lamp, shoe-shaped, of brownish clay, with three small bosses equidistant round the rim ; 3^ x 2^ in. London Wall. UNDECORATED LAMPS. 71 Lamp, for four wicks, of coarse red ware, with traces of loops for suspension ; 3 X 3| in. St. Martin's-le- Grand, 1870. 72 Lamp, small, of grey ware, with two spouts ; 2| in. 1. PL X, 5. Royal Exchange. 73 Lamp, with two spouts, of micaceous clay (imperfect) ; 4. x 3 in. 74 Lamp, of grey ware, slightly powdered with mica, having two spouts (imperfect) ; 4 x 2J in. Royal Exchange. 75 Lamp, of micaceous terra cotta, with rudimentary handle ; 3f X 24 in. London Wall. 76 Lamp, of fawn-coloured terra cotta, with micaceous grains ; 3 x 2 in. Billingsgate. 77 Lamp, similar to preceding ; 3| X 2 in. Billingsgate. 78 Lamp, portion only, terra-cotta, with unusual quantity of mica- ceous grains in its composition ; 3 X 2 in. London Wall. 79 Lamp, of lustrous brown ware, plain ; 3| X 2J in. Near Mansion House, 1867. 80 Lamp (imperfect), in same ware. St. Bene't's, Gracechurch Street. 81 Lamp stand, of buff ware, with lustrous brown exterior, handle missing ; 4 x 2| in. Thames Street. ROMAN LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 49 82 Lamp, of olive-brown colour, with bosses on sides of body ; 3| X 2 in. 83 Lamp, of olive-brown colour, with fluted handle; 3 X 1J in. 84 Lamp, in reddish brown ware ; 5f X 3J in. PI. IX, 1. 85 Lamp, with traces of brown pigment ; 3 X If in. 86 Lamp, portion only, in brownish-glazed ware ; 3 X If in. Dowgate Sill. 87 Lamp, of buff ware, which has been originally covered with a dark brown or black pigment ; the large projecting nozzle appears to have been made in a separate piece and joined afterwards ; 3| X 2 in. 88 Lamp, or lamp stand, of coarse buff ware, the nozzle showing traces of burning ; 4^ x 3 in. 89 Lamp stand, buff ware, of open form, with ochreous exterior, handle missing ; 4f x 3 in. PI. X, 11. 90 Lamp; small circular open lamp, of buff ware, with pierced ear handle ; 2 in. diam. Holborn Viaduct, 1866. 91 Lamp, of dark buff ware, with mica grains on surface ; 3 X 2 in. Royal Exchange. 92 Lamp, of buff ware, covered with powdered mica ; 4 x 2 ^ in. This specimen still retains the bone plug. PI. X, 9. 93 Lamp, of fawn-coloured ware, with buff exterior, covered with grains of mica ; 2 X If in. 94 Lamp, of grey ware ; 2^ in. diam. Cannon Street, 1852. 95 Lamp, small, of grey ware, with small pierced " ear-like " handle ; 1 X 2 in. Bishopsgate Street. 96 Lamp, small, of dark grey ware, handle missing. Royal Ex- change. 97 Lamp, small, of dark grey ware, with grains of mica ; 2| x 1 in. Royal Exchange. 98 Lamp, similar (imperfect). Royal Exchange. 99 Lamp, of light clay, with traces of black pigment ; the centre of the bowl is depressed, the ornamental ridge surrounding the depres- sion being pierced at end facing the spout, in the depression is an air hole ; 3 X 2f in. Bell Alley, 1867. 100 Lamp, of hard ware, covered with brown slip, handle imperfect ; 3 in. 1., If in. w. London. 101 Lamp, in hard clay ; 3 X If in. 102 Lamp, of micaceous clay ; 6'J X 3| in. Austin Friars. 103 Lamp, with micaceous grains in the clay ; 3 X 2^ in. Grace- church Street, 1863. 104 Lamp, of micaceous clay (imperfect). 105 Lamp, of ochreous colour; 3 X 1& in. Idol Lane, 1868. 106 Lamp, of warm ochreous colour ; 4^ x 2^ in. PL X, 10. 107 Lamp, of red ware, covered with a black pigment (imperfect). Brooks' Wharf, 1866. 50 ROMAN LAMPS AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 108 Lamp, open, of coarse red ware, without handle ; 2| X 2 hi. 109 Lamp, small, of red ware; 2 X 1 in. ; with tripod stand? 110 Lamp, bright red clay, hand made?; 3| X 2| in. Cannon Street. 111 Lamp, coarse reddish clay (probably hand made) ; 3f X 2f in. Leadenliall Street. 112 Lamp, of coarse red ware, with micaceous grains, having raised knobs on rim of bowl (imperfect). London. 113 Lamp, of coarse red ware, open form, with grains of mica, annular handle and covered nozzle; 3^ X 2^ in. Basinghall Street, 1868. 114 Lamp, similar, without handle, of coarse red ware with grains of mica ; 1| in. diam. Site of Spread Eagle. 115 Lamp, of soft stone-coloured ware, with broad nozzle and simple handle ; 34 X 2 in. PL X, 2. Lombard Street. 116 Lamp, of ordinary form, with air hole above nozzle ; 3^ X 2^ in. Three Kings' Court, Lombard Street, 1870. 117 Lamp, of very light clay, with " limbs of Cross " on body, perhaps early Christian; 3 x If X 1{ in. London. MOULDS, STANDS, ETC. 118 Mould, of grey ware, for the upper portion of a lamp ; 5| X 3J in. London. 119 Mould for lower half of a lamp, composed of micaceous clay ; 44 in. 1., 3^ in. w., 1 in. h. PI. XLVI, 3. London Wall. 120 Block of terra-cotta of irregular outline, with deep hollow of lozenge form on one face ; in three of the corners is a deeper hole of circular form (a primitive lamp?); 5 in. diam., 2 -in. h. London Wall. 121 Bone plug for a lamp ; If x f in. London. 122 Lamp stand, in hard brownish ware, slightly glazed (imperfect) ; 5 x li x 2| in. Steel Yard. 123 Lamp stand, portion only, same ware. Tokenhouse Yard. 124 Stand, in lead, with handle formed of a long strip in one piece with the body ; 4 X 2^ in. London. 125 Portion of a leaden stand for a lamp. 126-127 Implements (two) resembling forks, in iron and bronze ; ? lamp trimmers ; 6 in. and 4^ in. London Wall. 128 Object, in bronze, with chain attached ; ? portion of a lamp ; 6 in. ToJcenhou#e Yard. 129 Taper stand, of thin bronze, consisting of a tube supported by four splayed feet ; If in. London. 130 Taper stand, bronze, consisting of a central tube joined to a saucer-shaped base; 2| X 1 in. London (?). 131 Base of an object in bronze, resembling a taper stand. THE ROMAN PERIOD. V. TOOLS, MECHANICAL REQUISITES, WEAPONS, ETC. TOOLS. 1 Axe, with crescent blade and tang for handle ; 3^ in. w. , 8 in. 1. PL XVIII, 11. London (?). 2 Axe-head, iron, with large triangular shaft hole ; the large curved blade is bevelled on one side of the cutting edge only ; 11| in. w. at blade. London Wall. 3 Axe-head, iron ; the flanged socket is imperfect ; the blade gradually expands to 3 in. across the cutting edge ; found with Roman cinerary urns, etc. 'Site of 78, Mark Lane, 1878. 4 Adze, or spud-shaped implement, iron, with square socket ; 4 in. PI. XIX, 13. London. 5 Adze, or spud, iron, with tapering hexagonal socket and expanding^ blade, bevelled on the edges of one side only, a portion of the wooden handle remains in the socket ; 8| in. 1. PI. XIX, 2. 6 Adze, or hammer ( V), with circular shaft hole ; 7| in. Gracechurch Street. 7 Chisel, iron, narrow blade, broad base ; probably Roman ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 8 Chisel, iron; 4-Jj- in. 1., blade f in. w. at edge. London. 9 Chisel, iron, the handle terminates in a round knob, the blade is broad, with a cutting edge 2 in. w. ; 12| in. 1. Wapping. 10 Chisel, iron, with broad blade and quadrilateral handle ; 6 in. London Wall. 11 Chisel, iron ; 6 in. 1. Barge Yard, 1879. 12 Chisel, iron, with hollow socket ; 6| in. 1. PI. XIX, 12. London ( ?). 13 Chisel, iron, with hollow socket; 9 in. PI. XIX, 11. Barge Yard, 1879. 14 Chisel, mason's, iron ; 8 in. 1. London. 15 Chisel, iron, expanding edge and solid butt ; 7 in. 1. London. 16 Chisel ( '! ), iron instrument, with long, solid shaft squared at end, the other end being flattened out into a chisel-like blade ; 18^ in. London. 17 Chisel-like implement, iron, narrow, blade expanding towards the edge, which is oblique ; 10-i- in. 1. London Wall. 18 Compasses, pair, bronze ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 19 Compasses, pair, in bronze, of elegant form, points missing ; 4^ in. London Wall. 20 Compasses, one limb only, bronze ; 3 in. London. 21 Drill, iron, triangular- shaped head ; probably Roman ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 22 Drill, iron ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 5* 52 ROMAN TOOLS AND MECHANICAL REQUISITES. 23-24 Drills (two), iron, gouge-like, with flattened tang ; 3i and 4f in. 1. London Wall. 25-27 Drills (three), iron ; 4J to 6| in. 1. London Wall. 28-32 Drills (five), iron, for centre bit; 44 to 4|- in. 1. Austin Friars, London Wall. 33-34 Drills (two), iron ; 4f and 6 in. 1. Austin Friars. 35 Drill, centre bit, iron ; 3f in. 1. London. 36 Drill, bronze, pointed at each end, swelling gradually to centre ; 34: in. 1. London Wall. 37 File, iron, of slender form, with long narrow handle terminat- ing in a flattened " fish-tail " expansion, the file end is flat on one side and slightly convex on the other, and has coarse "frets" like the modern rasp ; 6| in. PI. XVII, 1. London, 1882. 38-39 Files (two), of same general form, with the " file " portion covered with fine transverse ridges like the modern instrument. PI. XVH, 11. London, 1883. 40 File, iron, of flattened semi-circular section ; 4| in. PI. XVII, 3. London. 41 Gouge, iron, with flat head showing signs of use ; 6 in. London. 42 Gouge, iron ; 10 in. 1. Found embedded in chalk in the gravel pit at the Royal Exchange. 43-44 Gouges (two), iron, the cutting end curved in an unusual manner ; 64 in. London. 45 Handle of vase, bronze, consisting of small ring with looped shank ; 1 in. diam. London Wall. 46 Handle of bronze vase ; 6 X 4| in. 47 Handle of bronze vase, base decorated with mask of youth ; upper portion has lion's head in relief, curved to fit rim of vase ; 2 in. PI. XIV, 2. Thames, London. 48 Handle or pendant (?), bronze; 1| in. London. 49 Handle, bronze ; 5| in. London Wall. 50 Handle of box or door, bronze ; 6 in. broad. London. 51-53 Handles of caskets (?) (three), in iron and bronze, with recurved ends ; 3| in. , 4 in. , and 5 in. London. 54 Handle of bucket, nails and staples of iron. Barge Yard, 1883. 55 . Handle (portion only) of bronze ewer. Three Kings' Court. 56 Handle, bronze, of curved form ; ends turned back ; perhaps handle for glass bottle ; 34 in. 1. London Wall. 57 Handle of jug, bronze, base ending in an acanthus ornament ; 6 in. X 44 in. 58 Handle, bronze, the two ends terminating in heart-shaped plates, each ornamented with engraved scrolls ; 5 X 3 in. London Wall. 59 Handle, bronze, rough cast, hexagonal section, base terminating in a knob ; 3 in. 1. London Wall. 60-62 Handles (three), bronze; 24 to 44 in. 1. Barge Yard; London; London Wall. ROMAN TOOLS AND MECHANICAL REQUISITES. 53 63 Handle of bowl, bronze ; fragments of Samian ware, glass, grey ware and charcoal ; all imperfect. Found together (with Nos. 27-8, on p. 36) in Nicholas Lane, 1892. 64 Handle of bucket, iron, recurved ends, terminating in a knob ; 8 in. w., 3^ in. h. London. 65 Handle of a box ( ?), iron ; 4f in. 1. 66 Handle, iron, stem twisted ; 4J in. London. 67 Hook and swivel, bronze ; 3^ in. 1. London Wall. 68 Hook, similar to above ; 2^ in. 1. London Wall. 69 Hook, small, iron. Bucklersbury. 70 , Implement, iron, with oval shaft hole ; pointed spade-shaped blade at one end, two prongs at the other ; 6^ in. Austin Friars. 71 Instrument, of stylus form, with grooved point, indented shaft, and flattened top : Roman ( ? ) ; 4^ in. 1. PI. XXII, 11. London Wall. 72 Instrument, screw-driver (?), iron, with maker's stamp, APBILIS. F. ; 1\ in. London. 73-75 Loops for buckets (three), iron, with oblong plate, pierced with two holes ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 76 Pick-axe, iron ; 12f in. 1. London Wall. 77 Pick, iron ; 12| in. 1. London Wall. 78 Plough-share, iron; 12 in. 1. PI. XIX, 4. Moorgate Street. 79 Piercer, bronze, flat tang, pierced with three rivet holes for handle plates ; upper portion of handle ornamented with incised crossed lines ; 3^ in. 1. London Wall. 80 Piercer or bodkin, bronze, with hollow socket ; 3| in. 1. London (?). 81 Piercer, iron, of slender form, pointed at each end ; 4j in. 1. London Wall. 82 Piercer, iron, expanding in centre, which is of lozenge section, and tapering gradually to a point at each end ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 83 Pincers, pair, small, iron, the ends of the jaws are recurved ; 5-{- in. PI. XVIII, 9. London. 84 Pincers, pair, iron, of slender form, the jaws being flattened at the end ; 18 in. 1. PI. XVIII, 8. London. 85 Pincers, iron ; 6| in. 1. PI. XVHI, 7. London. 86 Pincers, iron, one handle being curved, the other straight ; 6 in. 1. PI. XVIII, 6. London. 87 Pincers, or forceps, iron, of simple construction ; 6 in. PI. XVHI, 5. Austin Friars. 88-90 Punches (two), and an awl, iron. Barge Yard, Bucklersbury. 91 Punch (?), iron, hollow, with maker's stamp on butt end; 5 in. 1. Barge Yard, 1879. 92 Punch, iron (but with sharp point) ; 3 in. 1. London. 54 ROMAN TOOLS AND MECHANICAL KEQUISITES. 93 Rod ; bronze implement, consisting of stout rod, tapering to a sharp point at one end ; 'on the butt are three ridged fillets about 1^ in. apart, forming a sort of handle ; 9 in. 1. London. 94 Rod, iron, with flattened sides, an eye at each end ; Hi in. 1. London Wall. 95 Saw,, iron, fragment ; 2 x 1 in. Royal Exchange, 1841. 96 Saw, iron (portion only), with handle and blade in one piece ; 7 X & in. Austin Friars. 97 Scourge, or whip ( ?) ; upper portion of a whip, consisting of four strands of plaited bronze wire, joined at the base by an iron loop with tang for handle ; 12 in. 1. PL XXVIII, 19. London. 98 Scourge-handle (?), ornament, in form of a human hand, r with links attached; 4 in. 1. Long Lane, 1860 (?). 99 Shears, iron ; imperfect ; 8 in. 1. London. 100 Spatula, bronze, base of blade ornamented with small indented dots ; 8 in. 1. Walbrook, 1870. 101 Spatula, bronze, base of blade expanding to form shoulder to handle. Site of the Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields. 102 Spatula, bronze ; 7 in. 1. PL XXV, 19. London. 103 Spatula, bronze ; 7 in. 1. PL XXV, 18. Tokenhouse Yard. 104 Spatula, blade only ; 2| in. 1. PL XXV, 17. London Wall. 105-108 Spatulae, or scoops (four), bone; one with twisted stem; 4-J in.. 4 in., and 5| in. 1. 109 Spatula, iron, with spiral handle, terminating in a loop. Barge Yard, 1879. 110 Spatula, iron ; 5^ in. 1. London. 111 Spatula, silver, of ordinary form; probably Roman; 3 in. 1. Moorfields, 1866. 112 Spatula, bronze, the base of blade decorated with three lines of indented dots ; 8^ in. 1. Walbrook, 1870. 113 Spatula-shaped object, iron, lozenge-shaped blade, flat under- side, slight ridge on upper face, fiat, broad tang for handle ; probably Roman ; 5 in. 1. City of London. 114 Stamp, iron, for impressing letters in relief, with incuse letters IMPRB (?), perhaps for stamping on lead; 4 in. 1. PL XVII, 9. 115-117 Tools (three), iron, perhaps rimers. Barge Yard. 118-120 Tools (three), iron, for modelling. London. 121 Tool for modelling, iron, the centre circular in section ; ends expanding into broad flat blade ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 122-124 Tools for modelling (three), similar. London. 125-127 Tools for modelling (three), iron. Barge Yard; Walbrook, 1879. 128-129 Tools (two), iron, with tang for handle; perhaps wood-carver's implements ; 7 in. Austin Friars. 130-131 Tools (two), iron, probably for carving. Barge Yard. 132 Tool, iron, consisting of pincers, one handle of which terminates in a claw hammer-head ; 9| in. 1. City of London. ROMAN TOOLS AND MECHANICAL REQUISITES. 55 133 Tool, iron, with broad hook at one end, narrow hook at the other, and circular perforation in centre ; 6f in. 1. Site of the Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields. 134 Tool (?), iron, narrow, flat-edged blade, hook at one end, the other is broken away ; 3^ in. 1. 135-136 Trowels (two), iron, with long leaf-shaped blade, and tang for wooden handle ; 7| and 9 in. 1. London Wall. 137 Hammer (?), iron, flat form, with circular perforation in centre; 3i in. 1., | in. w. PI. XVII, 5. London. BOLTS, CRAMPS, NAILS, RINGS, ETC. 138 Bolt, iron ; found with wooden piles ; 10^ in. 1. London. 139-140 Bolts or nails (two), of large size; from a pile. Thames. 141 Bolt or nail, large size, and bent at right angles, with point turned up, forming roughly the three sides of a square ; 10 in. 1. London. 142 Clamp, iron, consisting of a T-shaped piece, with upper limbs curved, the lower one terminating in a square plate, " burred " over at the junction of the shaft ; 2^ in. 1. London. 143 Bolts, or cramps (two), bent at right angles, with the points turned up. London. 144 Cramp, iron, for fastening wood-work ; 3| in. 1. London. 145 Cramp or nail, iron ; 6 in. London. 146 Linch-pin, iron ; 4 in. 1. Barge Yard. 147-150 Nails (four) bronze, one with square head. PI. XVII, 10. London. 151 Nail, bronze, grooved head, circular section ; If in. 1. London Wall. 152 Nail, bronze, with cruciform decoration on head ; 5 in. 1. PI. XVII, 4. London Wall. 153 Nail, iron, with flat circular head ; 4f in. PL XVIII, 4. Barge Yard. 154 Nail, iron ; 5 in. PI. XVIII, 2. Barge Yard, 1879. 155 Nail, iron ; 8 in. 1. PI. XVIIT, 1. Royal Exchange., 1841. 156 Nail, iron ; 5 in. 1. PI. XVIII, 3. Royal Exchange, 1841. 157 Nail, iron, with large square head; 2 x 2 in. PI. XIX, 15. Cheapside, 1879. 158-161 Nails (four), square-headed. PI. XIX, 14. Blomfield Street, 1869. 162 Nail, iron; 4f in. 1. PL XVII, 2. London. 163 Nail, iron, pyramidal head ; 3 in. 1. London Wall. 164 Nail, iron, with conical head and slender shaft; 3 in. 1. London Wall. 165 Nail, iron, with conical head ; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 166 Nail, iron, with pewter head of flattened globular form ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 167 Nail, iron, for a horseshoe ; 1| in. London Wall. 56 ROMAN TOOLS AND MECHANICAL REQUISITES. 168 Nail, iron, for horseshoe, with flattened head ; 2 in. 1. London Wall. 169 Nail, iron. Royal Exchange. 170 Nail, iron, with large globular head. Barge Yard. 171 Nail, iron, with flattened point. London. 172 Nail, iron, with square section and square head ; 4 in. 1. Austin Friars. 173 Nail, iron, with round bevelled head. Austin Friars. 174-179 Nails (six), iron, with flat heads. London. 180-182 Nails (three), iron, with flat heads. Royal Exchange (?). 183 Nail or peg, iron, the head composed of four twisted strands, which are looped, thus forming a curious open-work design ; probably Roman ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 184 Nails or pins, iron, with shaped heads. London. 185-197 Rings (thirteen), bronze. London. 198 Rings, iron. London. 199-202 Rings, three iron and one bronze. Barge Yard, 1873. 203-223 Rings (twenty-one), iron and bronze ; various sizes. Barge Yard. 224-239 Rings (sixteen) ; various specimens. London. 240 Spike, iron, with small loop at end ; 5J in. London Wall. 241-242 Staples (two), iron, terminating in rings ; about 3 in. 1. Token- house Yard. 243 Staple, iron, for driving into a wall, the end terminating in a square-sided hook ; 4^ in. 1. ; probably Roman. London Wall. 244 Staple and ring, iron ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 245 Swivel, iron, with ring at end ; imperfect ; 4 in. 1. London. WEAPONS, ARROWHEADS, SPEARHEADS, ETC. 246 Arrow-head, iron, with long quadrilateral head and short socket ; 3f in. City of London. 247 Arrow-head, iron, with quadrilateral stem and socket, and barbed blade; 5 in. Thames, 1867. 248 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and leaf-shaped blade ; if in. Brooks' Wharf, 1866. 249 Arrow-head, iron, with short split socket, terminating in a long, slender quadrilateral point ; 4 in. 250 Arrow-head, iron, with imperfect socket and long quadrilateral point ; 5| in. 1. Queen Victoria Street, 1869. 251 Dagger (Pugio), with carved ivory handle, decorated with deeply- incised lines in the centre, the base terminates in a gilt bronze stud, and at the part where it joins the blade is a semi-circular expansion on either side, the quillons are slight and curved sharply towards the blade, which is ridged down the centre ; 10 in. 1. Liverpool Street, 1873. 252 Javelin-head, iron, with quadrilateral head and octagonal socket. City of London. ROMAN TOOLS AND MECHANICAL REQUISITES. 57 253 Javelin or arrow-head, iron, with quadrilateral blade, and long, slender socket; 5 in. Austin Friars. 254 Javelin-head, iron ; 5^ in. London Wall. 255 Javelin-head, iron (imperfect), with socket, and long, straight blade. Westminster, 1873. 256 Javelin-head, iron ; imperfect ; ty in. London Wall. 257 Javelin-head, iron, with short socket and long quadrilateral head ; 7 in. London (?). 258 Javelin-head, iron, with socket, and long, slender quadrilateral point ; 6^ in. Thames. 259 Javelin-head, iron, with socketed quadrilateral head ; 4| in. Thames, near London Bridge. 260 Javelin-head, iron, with blade slightly ridged on one side, and a long quadrilateral stem expanding above the short tang to a slight shoulder or stop ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 261 Lance-head, iron, with slender blade of lozenge-shaped section ; 5| in. 1. London. 262 Pike-head, iron, triangular and pointed, with circular socket ; 5 in. London. 263 Spear-head, iron, with triangular blade and tubular socket ; 6 in. 1. 264 Spear-head, iron, with long trilateral point and short socket ; 6| in. 1. Thames Street. 265 Spear-head, iron, with short socket (rivet remaining) and long, narrow-ridged blade ; 9| in. London. 266 Spear-head, iron, with socket, pierced for a rivet, blade terminat- ing in a slender quadrilateral point ; 4| in. London. 267 Spear-head, iron, socketed ; 6J in. 1. 268 Spear-head, iron : 7f in. 1. ; leaf-shaped blade, 3f in. 1. London Wall. 269 Spike ( ?), iron object of uncertain use, consisting of a long slender spike, becoming octagonal near the base, which has a short socket pierced for a rivet ; 10| in. London Wall. 270 Trident, or three-pronged instrument, iron ; 1 1 in. 1. , 2| in. w. PL XIX, 1. The trident and net were carried by the " Retiarius," and were used in gladiatorial combats. Stoney Street, Southward. J.B.A.A., xxiv, p. 309. 271 Pole-axe, iron, with expanding blade, oval shaft-hole, and pointed projection behind ; 9 in. 1., 4 in. w. of blade. PI. XIX, 5. London. THE ROMAN PERIOD. VI. METAL OBJECTS OF VARIOUS USES. BELLS. 1 Bell, bronze, with body of conical form, and having loop at top ; U X H in. Little Bell Alley. 58 ROMAN BELLS AND CHAINS. 2 Bell, bronze, circular in section, with loop above with ring at- tached ; If in. h. Soitthwark. 3 Bell, bronze, of ordinary form, with large loop, having an incised line on body ; 1 in. h. London. 4-6 Bells (three), small, bronze, of cylindrical form. Long Lane, London. 7 Bell, of bronze, with open base ; 1 in. diam. St. Bene'fs, Gracechurch Street. 8-9 Bell, small, bronze ; and portion of similar bell. Thames, London ; London Wall. 10 Horse-bell, large, iron, of globular form, pierced with four circular holes, and oblong slit in lower portion (loop missing) ; 2 X 2| in. Site of Gooch & Cousens' Warehouse, London Wall. 11 Horse-bell, small, bronze, of similar form, with two holes and oblong slit ; 1 X 1 in. Thames, London. 12 Horse-bell, similar ; 1 X 1| in. Little Bell Alley. 13-15 Bells, small, three fragments. London. CHAINS. 16 Chain, bronze, with thick ring at end ; about 60 in. 1. ; ? modern. Leadenhall Market. 17 Chain of massive iron and bronze links ; it consists of four saucer-shaped discs, from the centre of which, above and below, projects a stout rod, having an oval loop at the end ; each of these curious objects is connected by three stout circular links ; probably used to support a large lamp ; 30 in. 1. Austin Friars. 18 Chain, each link formed by a stout piece of square-sectioned wire, the ends of which are welded together to form an oval link ; this is then compressed in the centre, forming a sort of " dumb-bell " figure, the two ends of which are bent over to meet each other ; 35 in. 1. London Wall. 19 Chain, bronze, of circular links, composed of a spiral twist of fine wire, each link twisted four times ; 45 in. 1. Farringdon Road. 20 Chain of thin fine wire, plaited, with swivel attached ; 18 in. 1. London. 21 Chain of twisted wire, made up of plain links in place of plaited work ; the links are about f in. thick ; at one end is a plain riveted loop ; 10 in. 1. PI. XX, 3. Southwark, 1865. 22 Chain, bronze, composed of spherical and oblong beads of twisted wire, with a link at each end ; the terminations of the chain are in the form of bronze hooks ; perhaps a cloak fastener ; 12 in. 1. Austin Friars. 23 Chain of bronze wire, finely worked and twisted ; about 24- in. 1. London. 24 Chain, bronze, portion only, the links fastened by turning the ends of the wire over each other and thus connecting the whole ; 5 in. London. 25-27 Chains (three), bronze ; 8 to 8| in. 1. PI. XX, 4, 5, 6. London. ROMAN HORSE FURNITURE. 59 28-30 Chains, three fragments ; 6 to 7^ in. 1. PI. XX, 7. London. 31 Curb chain, bronze, fragment. London Wall. 32 Chain, bronze fragment, consisting of triple \rire rings. London Wall. 33 Chain, small, iron, with links about ^ in. 1.. fastened together by two small rings; 12 in. 1. PI. XX, 1. Thames, Queenhithe. 34 Chain of iron, composed of oblong half-inch links ; 10J in PI. XX, 2. London. HORSE FURNITURE. 35 Horseshoe, iron ; 5 in. 1. London. 36-37 Horseshoes (two), of iron ; 5 in 1. London. 38-40 Horseshoes (three), iron, and two nails. Baynard's Wharf. 41 Stirrup, bronze ; 5^ X 4 in. Spital Square. 42 Stirrup, bronze ; 4f in. 1. London. 43 Hippo-sandal, iron ; it has only one wing or flange, the hook at the back end being to one corner of the narrow plate, which, at the fore end terminates in a kind of ring with a loop at right angles to its plane; 3 in. h. , 8 in. 1., 2 in. w. London Wall. Note. These objects are considered by some to have been used as a protection for the feet of horses, by others for use as sledge-runners. 44 Hippo-sandal, of more usual form, being broader, and having two side flanges ; 4 in. h. , 6| in. 1. , 5 in. w. London. 45-47 Hippo-sandals (three), similar. PL XIII. 2, 3. London. 48 Hippo-sandal, similar (one side broken away); 8| hi. 1., 3 in. w. London. 49 Hippo-sandal, iron, of ordinary type; 4 in. h., 9 in. 1., 4f in. w. London Wall. 50 Hippo-sandal, similar; 2| in. h., 9| in. 1., 4f in. w. London Wall. 51 Hippo-sandal, similar; 2^ in. h,, 10 in. 1., 4^ in. w. London Wall. 52 Hippo-sandal, of small narrow type, with square expansion on outer side; one end is worn away; 2 in. h., 5 in. 1., 2 in. w. London Wall. This specimen is the nearest example, both in form and signs of wear, to a sledge-runner, as some antiquaries consider these objects to have been. 53-60 Hippo-sandals (eight), of ordinary form; from 5 x 4^ in. to 8 X 5 in. Moorfidds, 1903-4. 61 Hippo-sandal, halved form, left-hand half; 7f in. 1., 2^ in. w., 2| in. h. London Wall. 62 Bronze cheeks for a bit ; 7 X 3 in. Queen Victoria Street, 1872. J.B.A.A., vol. xxix, p. 86. 63 Cham, iron, of figure-of-eight links, with a loop-ended bar at one end, and a large ring at the other ; 14 in. 1. CO ROMAN VESSELS AND FITTINGS. 64 Spring ring, iron, with chain of figure-of-eight links and smaller spring ring midway ; - 14 in. 1. National Safe Deposit Co. , Walbrook. 65 Ring and link, iron; 2 in. diam. National Safe Deposit Co., Walbrook. 66 Ring and link, similar ; If in. diam. National Safe Deposit Co. 67 Portion of ornamental bronze object ; 2 X 2| in. 68 Pendant, for harness, bronze, penannular; 2 in. d. VESSELS AND FITTINGS. 69 Ampulla, or flask, bronze, with globular body, short neck, and expanding mouth; 4^ in. h., 2J in. g. diam. Near Basinghall Street. Note. The clay core still remains inside this rare and interest- ing object. 70 Thuribulum, or incense burner, bronze, of vase form ; 6^ in. h. , 4 in. g. diam., 2 in. m. (base missing). Worship Street. 71 Vase, bronze, with small lateral handles for suspension ; 3 x 2 in. PI. XIV, 6. Three Kings' Court, Lombard Street. 72 Vase, bronze ; 1 X 3i in. St. Martiris-le-Grand, 1870. 73 Vase, bronze, with bulbous body and two-eared handles near rim ; 2 in. h. PI. XIV, 10. London Wall. 74 Lid of a bronze vase (?) ; 3| X 4 in. Austin Friars. 75 Lid of a bronze vessel ; 2 X If in. London Wall. 76 Ornament in form of the honeysuckle ( ?) leaf ; portion of a bronze vase handle ; 4 x 2 in. Queen Victoria Street, 1870. 77 Foot of bronze vase ; If in. Walbrook, 1868. 78 Cover of a bronze vessel : If X 2f in. London Wall. 79 Bronze spout for a bucket; 1^ X 1^ in. Gracechurch Street, 1867. 80 Object in bronze ; probably a foot to a dish ; 4f in. 1. London Wall. 81 Lid, or cover, in bronze, triangular, with loop to which a chain is attached ; perhaps the cover of a lamp ; 1 in. h. London Wall. 82 Object, of bronze, evidently intended to have been fitted into a stand ; it has a central shaft, continued to form a tang ; the base has two feet, the upper portion is curved outwards, and has three limbs resembling a fork ; 5 in. London. 83 Foot of a stool or tripod, in bronze; 7^ in. h. Law Courts, 1871. 84 Stand, small, in bronze, which has had four slender feet (similar to those of a table) ; the upper portion is enamelled in triangular patches, and the top is pierced with a circular opening ; ij in. PL XIV, 5. London (?). ROMAN DECORATIVE OBJECTS. 61 85 Rim of an object, bronze, with three rivet holes ; 2 in. diam. London Wall. DECORATIVE OBJECTS. 86 Boss, bronze, in form of a lion's head ; 1| X 1| in. Found with Roman glass. Milk Street, Cheapside. 87 Boss, of bronze, with ribbed central boss ; 2| X f in. PI. XXX, 8. Moorfields. 88 Boss, with six large and five small bosses on central disc ; 3| X 1 in. PI. XXX, 5. Moorfields. 89 Boss, with human mask in centre, the rim ornamented with scroll pattern; 2| in. diam. City of London. 90 Boss, bronze, circular, embossed with human face, encircled by a wreath of pine (?) ; 1| in. London Wall. 91 Boss, bronze, circular, the centre ornamented with five smaller bosses ; the rim is pierced with three rivet-holes and has an incised line running round the outer edge, and three sets of equi- distant indentations ; 3 X | in. PI. XXX, 6. Thames Street. 92 Boss, bronze, edge decorated with beaded ornament, side deeply- grooved ; 1| in. diam. London Wall. 93-103 Bosses and studs (eleven), bronze, probably mounts for wood or leather objects. Barge Yard. 104 Boss, ornament, bronze, composed of a central boss, with saucer- shaped edge ; If in. diam. London. 105 Boss, ornament, bronze, in form of a flower, with two circular bosses in centre ; 2 in. London. 106 Boss, bronze, helmet-shaped ; 1 x If in. 107 Boss, lead, circular, with cruciform ornament in centre, a pro- jecting spine between each limb, and one in the centre ; If in. (?) Saxon. 108 Box, bronze, with three perforations in the base, and one on each side; f X f X i in. A perfume box? PI. XXIV, 4. Dowgate Hill. 109 Box, bronze, of circular form, with hinged lid ; 1A in diam PI. XXIV, 1. London. 110 Box-lid, bronze, with triangular patches in red and blue enamel li in. PI. XXIV, 3. London. 111 Box, bronze ; imperfect. PL XXIV, 2. Lombard Street, 1864. 112 Disc, bronze, of circular form; probably a mirror; 3f in. diam. Southwark. 113 Disc, of circular form ; 2 in. diam. London Wall. 114 Disc. Ornament, in bronze, in form of an eight-rayed disc ; each ray perforated for a rivet ; If in. London Wall. 115-116 Disc, bronze, two circular-headed studs, and a pendant object with ring attached. Barge Yard. 117 Hinge, bronze, with studs; 2 in. 1. Barge Yard (?). 118 Hinge, bronze ; 17 in. 1. London. 02 ROMAN DECORATIVE OBJECTS. 119 Instrument, bronze, imperfect, the upper portion having two ridged projections, above which is a hemispherical boss of pewter ; 4| in. 1. Finsbury. 120 Mount, bronze, pierced for four rivets, two of which remain ; 9 in. 1. London Wall. 121 Mount, bronze, for a girdle or strap ; 2| in. London Wall. 122 Mount, strip of bronze, with turned-over edge and rivet at one end ; mount for a box ( ?) ; 5 in. 1. London. 123 Ornament, bronze, with remains of blue enamel ; 1 in. 124 Ornament, bronze, fragment, with incised leaf pattern. London. 125 Ornament, in the form of a leaf, with ring for suspension ; 3 in. London. 126 Ornament, bronze, in form of an embossed leaf ; 1 in. 1. Queen- hithe, 1866. 127 Ornament, small, of bronze. Barge Yard. 128 Ornament, bronze, circular, with loops on back; a girdle slip (?); If in. diam. London. 129 Ornament, bronze ; If in. broad. Austin Friars. 130 Ornament, object in form of the capital of a column ; 1 X f in. Royal Exchange. 131 Ornament, bronze, fragment ; cleft at base, upper end flattened and turned up at right angles ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 132 Ornament, bronze ; imperfect ; the centre bears in relief a cross within a beaded oval border ; probably Christian Roman ; 1J in. 1. Lombard Street. 133 Ornament, bronze ; object resembling the prow of a galley ; 1J X 1 in. Three Kings' Court, Lombard Street. 134 Plate, bronze ; somewhat in the form of a wing ; 2| x 2 in. London Wall. 135 Plate, bronze, flat, with oblong hole in centre ; one portion is decorated with an elaborately etched pattern of thin wavy lines ; 2-J in. 1., | in. w. London Wall. 136 Plate, thin, of bronze, perforated at each corner, and embossed with a six-pointed star within a circle ; 1 X | in. Austin Friars. 137 Plate, bronze, with rivet holes ; a " strap " for a casket, and an ornament composed of a flat, oval disc, with projecting knob at lower end, and a narrow tang at the other ; a thin line is en- graved round the edge of the disc; 3 X 2| in. London. 138 Plate, bronze, of light golden colour, having an ornamental per- forated design; 6 X 3 in. London Wall (?). 139 Plate, flat, bronze, of oblong form; the edge is decorated with " wavy " lines, and has two circle and dot ornaments ; traces of enamel in the central portion of the object. Found with nine other mounts and a defaced third brass coin. Barge Yard. 140 Plate, flat, bronze, with two oblong slots, to the ends of which have been affixed four links, one of which is missing ; 2| in. London. ROMAN LOCKS AND KEYS. 63 141-149 Plates (nine), bronze, of small size; perhaps mounts for a casket. Barge. Yard, 1879. 150 Standard-head of a military standard or ensign, of ordinary type, consisting of a disc of an inverted saucer form, with a central tubular socket, into which the staff was inserted ; 5 x 2 in. PI. XIX, 10. London (?). 151 Stud, bronze, with three deep circular hollows, which have been filled with enamel; 1 in. London. 152 Stud, bronze, consisting of a circular disc, with remains of pin at back ; 1 in. diam. 153 Stud, bronze, with loop at back. London. 151-158 Wire, bronze, five pieces. London Wall. 159 Wire. Double -pointed object, of bronze wire ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 160-161 Wire. Two pointed objects, of bronze wire; 6^ in. and 8 in. 1. London Wall. 162 Object, bronze, resembling the bridge of a musical instrument ; 2 X If in. Thames. THE ROMAN PERIOD. VII. LOCKS AND KEYS. LOCK5. 1 Lock-plate, bronze, of oblong form, pierced with six rivet holes ; with hasp belonging ; the latter has a portion of the plate by which it was attached to the lid of the box, this is ornamented with embossed circle and dot pattern, and the whole of the objects show traces of tinning or plating ; plate, 4^ X 2^ in. ; hasp and plate, 3 x 4^ in. PI. XII, 4. London. 2 Lock-plate of bronze, pierced with eight rivet-holes, with L -shaped orifice in the centre for the key ; 6 X If in. London. 3 Lock-plate of bronze, with four rivet-holes, two narrow slits, and a JL -shaped opening for the key ; If X 1 in. St. Bene't, Gfracechurch. 4 Box lock, key, and handle, bronze, from n box or casket. City of London. 5 Bolt for a lock, bronze, consisting of a plain flat plate, with hollow near end for the key ; 4^ in. long. London Wall. 6 Hasps (two), bronze ; 2| in. 1. Poultry. 7 Lock-plates (two), with hasps; 3 and 3 in. 1. St. Bene't, Grace- church. i-16 Locks (nine), portions only, bronze. London. 64 EOMAN LOCKS AND KEYS. 17 Key, of iron, with long stem terminating in a spoon-shaped handle ; at the other end of the shank is a loop, at right angles, which compressed the spring of the bolt ; 6 in. London. Nos. 18 to 22, following, are of type similar to No. 17. 18-20 Keys (three), iron, similar; 6 in., 5| in., 7^ in. Dowgate Hill, 1869 ; London, London Wall. 21 Key, iron, similar, the ward plate indented ; 4f in. London. 22 Key, iron, for padlock ; the stem is bent at right angles, and terminates in a loop, with a bronze ring, it also has a large perforated web ; 4 in. 1. London. 23 Key, iron, for lock with sliding bolt, consisting of a long rod, with double recurved or T-shaped end, the upper end looped to receive a ring ; 7^ in. 1. PI. C, 9. London. Nos. 24 to 26, following, are of type similar to No. 23. 24 Key, iron, similar, with ringed handle ; 3| in. London. 25 Key, iron, with T-shaped end ; 4- in. London Wall. 26 Key, iron, similar ; imperfect ; 4 in. Great Winchester Street. 27 Key, iron, formed of a cylindrical rod, one end being hammered out flat to form the handle, and perforated for suspension ; the other is bent at right angles, and has three teeth ; 3f in. PL C, 11. Tokenhouse Yard. Nos. 28 to 35, following, are of type similar to No. 27. 28 Key, iron, similar shape, with octagonal stem ; 4 in. London. 29 Key, iron, with large oval perforation at handle, the ward plate is provided with three teeth ; imperfect ; 4 in. St. Mildred's Court, 1865. 30 Key, iron, similar, curved stem, with two teeth ; 6 in. PL C, 8. 31 Key, iron, similar ; 4 in. London. 32 Key, iron, similar ; 4^ in. London Wall. 33 Key, iron, shaft bent at right angles to handle in centre, and again bent lower down, bringing the ward plate into a parallel line with the handle ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 34 Key, of leather ; 5 in. 1. This curious example is said to have been found amongst the Roman shoes under the Royal Exchange, but its genuineness is open to doubt. Royal Exchange. 35 Key, iron ; long stem, perforated at top for cross-bar handle ; the base of the stem is recurved ; the web projects laterally, and has four long teeth; 4f in. 1. Colchester, 1843. J.B.A.A., xiii, 335-6. 36 Key, iron, with broad, flat, perforated handle, and curved ward plate with three teeth ; 4 in. 1. Billiter Street. Nos. 37 to 39, following, are of type similar to No. 36. 37 Key, iron, for tumbler lock, with five long teeth arranged Z -shape ; the handle is perforated for suspension ; 8J in. 38 Key, iron, with five long teeth arranged Z -shape ; imperfect ; 5| in. London Wall. ROMAN LOCKS AND KEYS. 65 39 Key, iron, similar, with large annular bow above a square block ; 2| in. London. 40 Key, iron, with ovate bow, short stem, and two teeth bent up at right angles ; f in. Great Winchester Street, 1865. Nos. 41 to 44, following, are of type similar to No. 40. 41 Key, iron, similar ; 4^ in. PI. C, 10. Bishopsgate Street. 42 Key, iron; imperfect; 5^ in. Barge Yard, 1871. 43 Key, iron, with oval bow, the ward plate is perforated with two slits, at the end of which are three boss-like projections arranged in a triangle ; 3 in. 44 Key, iron, with large loop-shaped bow and short-broached stem ; the wide ward plate is indented top and bottom, and has two teeth at right angles to fore-edge. (A similar key, found sixteen feet below the surface in Lothbury is figured in J.B.A.A., xii, PI. xiv, Fig. 1, p. 121, and is also described by Gen. Pitt Rivers in "Primitive Locks and Keys," p. 23, PI. ix, Fig. 112.) 6^ in. 1. Thames, near site of Old London Bridge, 1846. 45 Key, bronze, with five long teeth arranged Z-wise, and moulded handle terminating in a loop for suspension; 3 in. 1. London. Nos. 46 to 71, following, are of type similar to No. 45. 46 Key, bronze, similar, with heavy, perforated handle ; 2| in. London. 47 Key, bronze, similar, on the back of the handle is engraved ixxxv ; four of the five teeth are arranged in a circle ; 3 in. Mansion House, 1865. 48 Key, bronze, with six teeth arranged in two rows ; 3^ in. Thames, near Old London Bridge. 49-50 Keys (two), bronze, of similar type ; 1 and 2 in. London. 51 Key, bronze, with triangular and square teeth, having traces of gilding; 1| in. PI. XXVII, 4. London. 52 Key, bronze, the thick, square-sectioned stem terminates in an annular bow, the web being toothed on upper edge ; 2| in. 1. Aldersgate Street, 1815. 53 Key, bronze, with remains of three teeth ; If in. 54 Key, bronze ; 2| in. PL XXVII, 2. London. 55 Key, bronze, more ornamental ; 3| in. PI. XXVII, 1. London. 56 Key, bronze, with trefoil-shaped bow, perforated with three circular openings ; the wards are furnished with five short, square pins or projections ; 2| in. 57 Key, bronze, stem ornamented with engraved lines ; 2i in. Lincoln. 58 Key, bronze, the handle ornamented with grooved lines ; the loop is wanting, and there is a hole drilled in the top o'f the handle, into which the missing portion was probably fitted 2f in 1 PL XXVH, 3. Thames, near Old London Bridge. 59 Key, bronze, similar ; 2| in. PL XXVII, 5. London. 60 Key, bronze, similar, but with plain stem ; 1| in. 66 ROMAN LOCKS AND KEYS. 61 Key, bronze, stem ornamented with engraved lines ; 2J in. 62 Key, bronze, stem engraved with crossed or hatched lines ; 2 in. 63 Key, bronze, of similar type; 2 in. PI. XXVII, 6. Thames, near Old London Bridge. 64 Key, bronze, similar; If in. 1. London. 65 Key, bronze, ridged annular bow, short square stem ; the wards project at right angles and are provided with triangular teeth ; H in. 1. Near Saint Swithin's Church, Cannon Street, 1853. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336. 66 Key, iron, with perforated handle, and four short teeth set in a square ; 3| in. 67 Key, iron, with massive bronze handle, ornamented with raised bands and terminating in a boss-like projection ; 4^ in. 68 Key, iron, similar; 2| in. Southwark, 1865. 69 Key, iron, similar, with triangular arid square teeth ; 3| in. London. 70 Key, iron, similar ; 2| in. London. 71 Key, iron ; 2| in. London Wall. 72 Ring key, bronze (designed to be worn on the finger), it has an ornamented ward plate, with reniformed perforations, attached by a short stem to the ring, which is f in. in diameter. Nos. 73 to 78, following, are of type similar to No. 72. 73 Ring key, bronze, similar, but of stronger make ; | in. diam. 74 Ring key, imperfect ; the upper portion of the ring has two circular depressions, possibly for the reception of stones ; g in. 1. Leadenhall Street, 1835. 75 Ring key, bronze, of unusually ornate description ; 1 in. diam. 76 Ring key, bronze, similar, with solid web ; 1 in. diam. 77 Ring key, bronze, with long projection at side ; | in. diam. 78 Ring key, iron, with small piped stem and somewhat S-shaped " web " or ward plate ; | in. diam. 79 Key, bronze, with flat stem, plate, and bow ; the stem is piped ; 2f in. Nos. 80 to 90, following, are of type similar to No. 79. 80 Key, bronze, with trefoil-shaped bow, piped stem and perforated plate with two teeth ; 2| in. ? Roman. 81 Key, bronze, with S-shaped wards, the handle pierced with trefoil opening ; 2| in. ? Roman. 82 Key, small, bronze, with piped stem and annular bow ; the web has a hatchet form, being deeply indented both top and bottom, and the fore-edge slightly convex ; If in. Crypt of Gerard's Hall, 1850. 83 Key, bronze, the bow terminating in a small spur ; the web is flat and solid ; 1 in. Near Allhallow's-the-Great, Dowgate, 1840. ROMAN LOCKS AND KEYS. 67 84 Key, bronze, with heart-shaped bow, surmounted with loop for suspension, and piped stem with S -shaped wards ; 2^ in. ? Koman. 85 Key, bronze, with an oval, piped stem, and flat-sided annular bow ; the web has a single notch on each side ; 1 in. 86 Key, bronze, similar ; If in. 87 Key, bronze, with flattened, piped stem, and annular bow, and a spur on each side of the stem beneath the bow ; 2 in. 88 Key, bronze, the piped stem, with solid web, terminates in a square capital or shoulder, with oval ridged bow, from the top of which projects an ornamental finial ; 3 in. 89 Key, bronze, similar ; 3| in. 90 Key, bronze, similar ; the web slightly indented both top and bottom ; 1| in. 1. Keep of Rochester Castle, 1848. 91 Key, bronze, the stem terminating in a capital with re-inforced bow, the ward plate is flat, perforated for a " warded " lock, with two pins at right angles, the third being broken off ; 2 in. PI. XXVII, 11. 92 Key, bronze, similar to preceding ; 2i in. PL XXVII, 13. 93 Key, bronze, similar type; 2 in. PI. XXVII, 12. 94 Key, bronze; small annular bow, and flattened stem, with perforated spade-shaped ward plate ; 2 in. 1. Thames, London. Nos. 95 to 115, following, are of type similar to No. 94. 95 Key, bronze, with small oval bow, divided in the centre by the prolongation of the stem ; the perforated ward plate is spade- shaped ; 2| in. PI. XXVII, 10. Brooks' Wharf. 96 Key, bronze, similar ; 3 in. London. 97 Key, bronze, with annular bow, and projection at end of ward plate; 2| in. PL XXVII, 16. 98 Key, bronze, similar, with heart-shaped bow ; 2| in. PL XXVII, 7. 99 Key, iron, of similar type ; 2| in. PL XXVII, 9. 100 Key, iron, similar, but the ward plate has two indented sides, and the bow is reniformed ; 2| in. Walbrook. 101 Key, iron, with rectangular ward plate ; 2| in. PL XXVII, 8. London. 102 Key, iron, with oval bow ; 2| in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 103 Key, iron, the ward plate has indented sides ; 3i in PL XXVII, 17. London. 104 Key, iron, similar; 3| in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 105 Key, iron, similar, but with semi-circular bow ; 2| in. 1. Church- yard, Cripplegate, 1828. 68 ROMAN FIGURES AND STATUETTES. 106 Key, iron ; the lower part unusually contracted, and terminating in a crescent-shaped bar ; imperfect ward plate only ; 1| in. 1. Thames, Dowgate, 1856. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336. 107 Key, iron, the ward plate resembling a small gridiron ; If in. PI. XXVII, 15. London. 108 Key, iron, with square ward plate having reniform and rec- tangular perforations, the bow is re-inforced with a bar below and a loop for suspension above ; 2f in. PI. XXVII, 14. 109 Key, iron, having small annular bow, flattened stem, with per- forated spade-shaped ward plate ; imperfect ; 2f in. 1. St. Martin's Lane, Cannon Street, 1851. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336. 110 Key, iron, similar to the above, but with a stirrup-shaped bow ; 3i in. 1. Colchester, 1846. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336. 111 Key, iron, of similar type ; 3^ in. St. Paul's Churchyard, 1830. 112-115 Keys (four), iron, of similar type ; 1{, 2, 3, and 3 in. London. 116 Key, iron, with long stem doubly recurved at one end into a T-shaped form, the other end bent to form a hook; 5 in. 1. 117 Key, iron; oval bow, flat lock pierced in the centre. 118 Key, iron, with long stem, perforated at the top; the web has two teeth; 5 in. 1. 119 Key, iron, long stem, looped at top and bent at right angles at bottom into a thin flat ward-plate ; imperfect ; 5| in. 1. 120 Key, bronze, annular bow, web toothed on upper edge ; 2| in. 1. 121 Key, similar ; 2^ in. 1. 122 Key, similar ; 1 in. 1. THE ROMAN PERIOD. VIII. FIGURES AND STATUETTES. FIGURES IN METAL. Figure of an infant, gold, of miniature proportions, with extended arms ; in. h. PI. XV, 6. Poultry, 1873. J.B.A.A., xxx, 80. Figure of Apollo, bronze, with radiate head, holding a patera in the right hand ; imperfect ; 2 in. h. London Wall. Statuette of a man, Apollo (?), standing, bronze ; 5^ in. h. Said to have been found in the Thames. Statuette, bronze, of Hercules, bearing the lion-skin on the left arm; inferior workmanship; 4^ in. h. PI. XV, 4. London (?). Statuette of Juno, bronze; 3^ in. h. London. ROMAN FIGURES AND STATUETTES. 69 6 Figure of Mars, bronze, holding a patera in his right hand, the left uplifted to hold a spear, which is missing ; 3J in. h. PI. XV, 5. London. 7 Statuette of Mars (?), bronze; 3^ in. h. London (?). 8 Statuette of Mercury, bronze ; the god wears the chlamys or cloak, is in a reclining attitude, and holds a patera in the right hand, and the caduceiis in the left ; 2 x 1 in. h. London. 9 Statuette of Mercury, bronze ; the figure represents the god naked, with wings rising from his head, and left hand out- stretched ; the right hand and foot and left leg are missing ; the figure has traces of tinning or plating ; 2| in. h. Southwark. 10 Statuette, bronze, of Minerva, wearing the cegis, with left hand upraised and a patera in the right hand ; 4^ in. h. Southwark. 11 Ornament, bronze, formed as a bust of Minerva (?); an affix to a bronze vase ; 3| in. PI. XIV, 8. Austin Friars. 12 Figure of an acrobat, bronze, of coarse execution ; 2^ in. w. , If in. h. 13 Figure, bronze, of a satyr or faun; it has a projecting pin at the back and has evidently been an affix ; 3^ in. h. PL XV, 9. Said to have been found in the Thames. 14 Bust of a female, bronze ; 1^ in. h. London. 15 Statuette, bronze, of a well-modelled male figure ; 2 in. h. Woodeaton, Oxon. 16 Fragment of a male figure, bronze, of good form and workman- ship ; 5 in. h. PI. XV, 3. London Watt. 17 Figure of a male, bronze ; imperfect ; 2 in. h. 18 Statuette of male figure, holding a scarf ; bronze ; 3| in. h. 19 Arm of a bronze statue, broken off just below the elbow ; 19 in. 1. PL XII, 1. Found in a well to the East of Seething Lane, Tower Street. 20 Arm, bronze, of a figure holding fruit or "a flower ; If in. 1. London. 21 Left hand of a statue, bronze, of heroic size, with traces of gilding ; 9i in. 1. PL XII, 2. Spread Eagle, Gracechurch Street, 1867. 22 Foot of statuette, bronze ; at the base is a broad, square projec- tion ; 3| in. h., ty in. L, 1 in. w. Southwark. 23 Figure, bronze, of an animal reclining ; imperfect ; 2 X 2 in. St. Martin 's-le-Grand. 24 Figure, bronze, of a goat lying down ; Ig x 2 in. Jewry Street, Aldgate. 25 Affix, bronze, in form of a lion ( ?) ; 1| in. PL XIV, 9. London. 26 Figure of a panther, bronze ; 2 in. 1. City of London. 27 Wing of a bronze figure ; 3^ in. 28 Small bronze club ; perhaps a portion of a statuette ; 2| in. L Whitechapel, 1866. 29 Statuette, bronze, of a winged male figure (Cupid ?) ; 2 in. h. Moorgate Street, 1869. 70 ROMAN FIGURES AND STATUETTES. FIGURES IN CLAY AND TERRA-COTTA. 30 Figure of Demeter, in white clay, with children suckling at the breast; imperfect; 4 in. h., 1| in. w. J.B.A.A., xxvii, 378. 31 Female figure, Demeter (?), holding fruit in her right hand, red terra-cotta ; imperfect ; 13| in. h. PI. XVI, 4. Liverpool Street, 1872. 32 Bust of youth (Harpocrates ?) wearing a necklace with lunar pendant, red terra-cotta ; imperfect ; 5 in. h. Great Winchester Street, 1867. 33 Statuette of Venus, in white clay ; imperfect ; 6f in. PI. XVI, 5. London. 34 Figure of Venus, in white clay ; imperfect ; 5 in. h. PI. XV, 2. London. 35 Figure of Venus, white clay ; imperfect ; 4 in. h. London. 36 Statuette of Venus, white clay ; imperfect ; 3 in. h. London Wall. 37 Base of a statuette in white clay ; 2 in. diam. Mark Lane, 1866. 38 Figure of Venus, white clay ; imperfect ; 3^ in. h. London Wall. 39 Head of Venus, white clay ; If in. London. 40 Figure of Leda and the Swan, red terra-cotta ; 6 in. h. PI. XVI, 6. 41 Figure of a female, seated, in red terra-cotta; 4^ in. h. London ( ?). 42 Draped figure, in red terra-cotta ; imperfect ; 5 in. h. City of London. 43 Head of a female, in red terra-cotta ; imperfect ; 6 in. h. PI. XVI, 3. Liverpool Street, 1872. 44 Mask of a female, in red terra-cotta ; 7 in. h. PI. XVI, 2. Liverpool Street ( ?). 45 Mask of a female, in red terra-cotta; 3 in. h. London (?). 46 Head of a female, in alabaster; | in. h. 47 Head of figure, of terra-cotta, with micaceous grains, representing a female wearing a turreted crown ; 3 in. h. Paul Street, Finsbury. 48 Bust of a child, in white clay ; 5 in. h. PL XV, 1. Liverpool Street, 1872. J.B.A.A., xxviii, 75. Portion of a male figure, and another fragment, in red terra- cotta; 4 in. and 3^ in. h. London (?). Mask, in red terra-cotta; 3 in. h., 3 in. w. Thames, Sion Reach. Votive arm, in reddish terra-cotta ; 5 in. 1. PL XV, 8. Bishop's Court, -Old Bailey, 1847. Figure of a cock, in whitish clay ; 4 in. h. PL XVI, 1. Bishops- gate Street, 1865. Figure of a pigeon (?), in white clay; imperfect; 3 in. h. PL XV, 7. Bishopsgate Street. ROMAN MOSAIC PAVEMENTS AND TILES. 71 54-55 Two fragments of statuettes, in red terra-cotta. Royal Courts of Justice, 1871. 56 Mould; imperfect; grey terra-cotta, baked red, representing a Cupid holding a torch (?) in his right hand ; probably Roman ; 2 X 2^ in. London. Gutta-percha cast of above. 57 Mask, small, of coarse red ware. Aldersgate Street (?). 58 Mask, or antefix, small, of fine buff ware. City of London. 59 Mask, of terra-cotta ; ( ? ) Etruscan. 60 Mould, in pale red clay, coated with a thin buff slip, representing a Roman soldier, or. perhaps Mars, armed with shield and spier ; a handle appears to have been attached to the back of the mould. Basinghall Street. 61 Cast from the above mould. PI. XII, 3. THE KOMAN PERIOD. IX. MOSAIC PAVEMENTS, TILES, BUILDING MATERIALS, ETC. MOSAIC PAVEMENTS. 1 Mosaic pavement, composed of red, white, grey, and black tes- serae ; the lower and main portion in form of a parallelogram, the upper part semi-circular. The central device is a floral design, surrounded by a cabled band, enclosed within two squares of guilloche ornament placed at different angles, all within a guil- loche border, with a floral device in each corner. Between the lower and the upper portions is a broad band of floral scrolls ; the semi-circular portion has a fan-shaped design in the centre, above which is a pattern of scale ornament, and the border con- sists of a knotted band. The whole design is enclosed in a border of red tesserae; 12^ in. w., total 1. 17 ft. 2 in., total w. 10 ft., parallelogram 8 ft. 1., semi-circular upper end 6 ft. 4 in. 1., divid- ing band 1 ft. 10 in. This fine specimen of Roman mosaic pave- ment was found in 1869 not far from the course of the Walbrook. PL LV. Buckler sbury. 2 Piece of tessellated pavement, consisting of small cubes, partly arranged in a guilloche pattern; 41 in. 1., 18 in. w. London. 3 Portion of tessellated pavement, of plain red tesserae ; 28 x 20 X 3^ in. Near Bow Church, Cheapside. 4 Piece of tessellated pavement, consisting of plain dark brown tes- serae ; 29i X 26^ in. 5 Fragment of pavement, with cable pattern ; 13 X 10 in. London. 6 Fragment of pavement ; 6 X 7 in. Approach to London Bridge, 1832. 7 Fragment of pavement ; 5^ X 4 in. Great St. Helen's, Bishops- gate Street. 72 ROMAN MOSAIC PAVEMENTS AND TILES. 8-9 Two fragments of tessellated pavement ; 7 X 5 in. and 6 x 6 in Broad Street, 1893. ' 10-15 Five small fragments of tessellated pavement, of red and yellow tesserae ; and portion of tile, with incised decorations. Leaden- hall Market (?). 16-20 Five small fragments of pavement, composed of white, black and red tesserae. London. 21-25 Five small fragments of tessellated pavement, composed of plain red tesserae. 26 Portion of Roman herring-bone pavement. Part of a causeway or landing-place upon the Walbrook, near Dowgate Hill, found within the Churchyard of St. John the Baptist. Near the spot where this was found was a large quantity of stout oak piling, and the sill of a bridge which crossed the Brook from east to west. 53i X 41i X 12 in. 27 Fragment of concrete flooring ; 7 X 6 in. London. 28 Fragment of a tessellated pavement, in red, white, and yellow tesserae, of geometrical design, with border of cable pattern ; 17f X 19 in. Birchin Lane. WALL DECORATION. 29-54 Twenty-six fragments of stucco from Roman walls, coloured in brown, red, black, and drab, in distemper. One or two have floral designs, and one has portions of human figures. PL XXXVI, 1, 2, 3, 4. London. 55 Small lump of red colouring material, of a flattened globular form, on the face of which is an impressed square mark. Found with Samian ware. Tokenhouse Yard. INSCRIBED TILES. 56 Tile, of red clay, on which is roughly incised the following in- scription : AVSTALIS DIBVSXIII VAGATVBSIB COTIDIM. 16| in. 1., 12 in. w. PI. XII, 5. Warwick Lane, Newgate Street. Arch. Jo., xlvii, 236. 57 Semi-circular tile, red brick; maker's mark PPBRLON; 12 X 8 x 14 in. 58 Another similar tile ; 1 If X 6 X 2 in. 59 A similar tile ; 12 X 6 X li in. 60 Flat tile, red brick, with two groups of semi-circular lines at end, and maker's stamp, PPRBR; 15^ X 10 X 1^ in. 61 Tile, red brick, with maker's mark PPRBR, and two incised lines forming an angle ; the back is scored with incised lozenge design ; 16 X 10 X li in. 62 Tile, red brick, with hatched lines on one face and traces of maker's mark on the other ; 16 x 10i X 1 in. ROMAN TILES. 73 63 Tile, red brick ; on one face is a group of semi-circular lines, and a maker's stamp, PPBRLON reversed ; 16| x 12f x 24 in. 64 Oblong tile, red brick, with maker's stamp PPRBR; on one side are rows of transverse lines, forming a sort of lozenge pattern ; 15f X 1IA." PI. XXXVII, 4. 4 Amphora, dark grey ware; 28 in. h., 15 in. g. diam., 6 in. m., 3i in. b. PI. XXXVII, 5. Probably London. 5 Amphora, grey ware, looped handles; 29 in. h. , 12 in. g. diam., 4 in. m. PI. XXXVII, 2. Probably pre-Roman and foreign. 6 Amphora, portion, with short branch-like handles. C'ornhill, 1880. 7 Amphora, similar to No. 2, but with body tapering from below towards shoulder; 40 in. h. , 13 in. g. diam., 9 in. m. 8 Amphora; 35 in. h., 10i in. g. diam., 7 in. m. PI. XXXVII, 1. 9 Amphora, with long pointed base, long wide neck, slightly over- hanging rim ; 35 in. h. , lOf in. g. diam. , 9 in. m. 10 Amphora, dark grey ware; 34 in. h. , 16 in. g. diam., 7 in. m. Probably London. 11 Amphora, much repaired, light brown ware, curved side handles ; 21^ in. h., 14 in. g. diam., 5 in. b., 7 in. m. London. 12 Amphora, or jar, grey ware, ribbed body, over-hanging rim ; 16 in. h. , 11 in. g. diam., 4 in. b. St. Andrew's, Holborn. 13 Amphora, with double groove round neck and single groove down centre of each handle ; 7J X 7 in. Queen Victoria Street, 1897. 14 Amphora, of plain, simple form ; 16 X 9 in. 15 Amphora, with pointed base ; 12^ x 7^ in. 16-18 Amphora-handles (three), inscribed "C.F.A.V."; "M. PATKV." ; "SATVBNI." Bank Station, C.L. Railway. 19 Basin, in blackish-grey ware, body ornamented with crossed lines ; 2 X 5f in. London. 20 Amphora, long slender form, with deeply-ribbed body ; 24 x 6 in. Bishopsgate. ROMAN POTTERY. 81 21 Bottle, with globular body, tapering above to a long slender neck, and below to a slightly expanding base, with flanged foot ; 13| in. London. 22-26 Bottles (five), with narrow base, ribbed body and expanding neck. Southwark; Philpot Lane; London and Drapers' Hall. 27 Bottle, narrow base, bands of indented pattern on body. PI. XLI, 4 London Wall. 28-34 Bottles (seven). Tower Hill; TokenhouseYard; Fenchurch Street; St. Martin' s-le-Grand; London; Philpot Lane and Basinghall Street. 35 Bottle, with ribbed body; 3f in. 1. London (?). 36 Bottle, in brown ware, with handle ; 7 X 4 in. London. 37 Bottle, with handle, having the body of the vessel unusually depressed ; 5| X 5| in. Southwark. 38 Bottle, in hard, brownish clay, with incised spiral groove round body ; 4-^ X 2 in. Mincing Lane. 39 Wine-bottle, in yellowish-red ware, with well-finished body of ovoid form, and short narrow neck ; 8^ X 5| in. Moorfields, 1872. 40 Bottle, in reddish-grey ware ; imperfect. Winchester Pplace, Southwark, 1864. 41 Bottle, with handle, having traces of black pigment on portions of the body ; 8^ X 6 in. Southwark. 42 Bottle, with straight-sided body, tapering sharply below, and short neck and handle ; 4f X 3 in. PL XLI, 2. Lombard Street. 43 Bottle, with ribbed body, having a short neck and slight rim ; 4 x 3 in. ToJcenhouse Yard, 1866. 44 Bottle ; broken ; with flat mouth, which is deeply indented . round its edge ; 9 X 6| in. Lombard Street, 1865. 45 Bottle, with handle ; 11^ X 9 in. St. Martin' s-le-Grand. 46-47 Bottles (two), with two indented lines on body ; 10 X 7 in. and Hi, X 7 in. South side of St. Andrew's Church, Holborn. 48 Bottle, with handle ; 7 X 5 in. PI. XLI, 1. St. Dunstan's HilL 49 Bottle, similar, with globular body. Southwark, 1866. 50 Bottle, with three bands of " engine-turned " ornament on- body ; 7 X 4J in. 51 Bottle, in red ware, plain body ; 7 X 5 in. London Wall. 52 Bottle, with flatter body ; 6^x5^ in. Lombard Street, 1865. 53 Bottle, with ribbed body ; 6^ X f>-\ in. Lombard Street, 1865. 54 Bottle, with ovoid body ; 6 X 4| hi. Moorfields, 1863. 55 Bottle, of ordinary form ; 7 X 5 in. Pudding Lane, 1868. 56 Bottle, with coarsely scratched lines from base of neck to centre of body, and a band of indented pattern below ; handle missing 7 X 6i"in. PI. XXXIX, 2. Gracechurch Street. 57 Bottle, large, with handle ; repaired ; 11 in. h. Clement's Lane. 58 Bottle, with handle ; 12 x 8^ in. Billiter Street, 1865. 82 ROMAN POTTERY. 59 Bottle, with handle, having oviform body ; 10 X 7 in. Coleman Street, 1868. 60 Bottle, with handle; 11 X 9 in. Holborn. 61 Bottle, with handle, with ridges on neck ; 10 X 9 in. Holborn, 1870. 62 Bottle, with painted horizontal bands of brown, horizontal rib on neck ; imperfect. Golden Lane, Barbican. 63 Bottle, with plain body, having three prominent ribs at base of neck. Southwark, 1862. 64 Bottle, with body of ovoid form ; 6| X 4^ in. PI. XLI, 5. London Bridge. 65 Bottle, similar ; 6 X 4^ in. West Smithfield. 66 Bottle, with handle, ridged neck, " engine-turned " band on body ; 6f in. h. , 4| in. g. diam., 2 in. m. London. 67 Bottle, similar to No. 64; 6 X 4 in. Moorfields. 68 Bottle, with flattened body ; 5| X 4| in. Clement's Lane. 69 Bottle, similar to No. 68, but with more globular body ; 8 X 5| in. Dowgate. 70 Bottle, similar to No. 68 ; restored ; 8 X 6 in. Thames, near London. 71 Bottle, similar to No. 68, but having four prominent ribs on neck ; 9 x 6^ in. London. 72 Bottle, with handle, having body of ovoid form, ornamented with three ridges on rim ; 12 x 8 in. South side of St. Andrew's Church, Holborn. 73 Bottle, with handle, ovoid body and ribbed mouth, 9 in. h., 63 in. g. diam., 2 in. b., 2 in. m. Coleman Street, 1868. 74 Bottle, with handle, in grey ware, with two flat circular discs where the handle joins the spout, the latter is " pinched in " ; Hi x ?i in. Probably found abroad. 75 Bottle, with handle, having a " pinched in " spout ; 9| in. College Hill. 76 Bottle, with " pinched in " lip ; 11 X 7f ia London. 77 Bottle, portion only, light ware, of squat form, with wide neck and grooved handle, the body is decorated above with a band of double incised lines; 6| in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 3 in. m. London Wall. 78 Bottle, with handle, in grey ware, of ordinary form ; 7^ X 5 in. London. 79 Bottle, red ware, with drab slip on outside surface ; having a globular body, short neck, and one handle; 6 in. h. , 1| in. m., 4| in. g. diam., 1| in. b. London Wall. 80 Bowl, imperfect, light ware, with incurved sides, having band of " engine-turned " pattern on rim, and also on under portion of sides near the base; 3 in. h., 9 in. diam. PI. XXXIX, 4. Mark Lane, 1866. 81 Bowl ; 4| X 7i in. Found in a Roman well. Seething Lane. ROMAN POTTERY. 83 82 Bowl, of red "glazed" ware; 2^x4^ in. G.E.E. Excava- tions, Bishopsgate. 83 Bowl, with two " eared " handles ; 5| in. Southwark, 1866. 84 Bowl, deep, with two handles, with constricted upper portion, swelling in centre and tapering below; 4i$ X 6^1 in. London. 85 Bowl, flat, in black ware (broken), with ridge on rim ; 11 X 3 in. Mansion House, 1869. 86 Bowl, flat, portion only, with engine-turned pattern on body, having a hole in the base. Fenchurch Street, 1871. 87 Bowl, of coarse grey ware, with projecting rim, ornamented on side with arched lines; 3 in. h., 8 in. diam. Southwark. 88 Bowl, in smooth dark ware, ornamented with arched and crossing lines; 2 in. h., 7| in. diam. PL XL VIII, 1. London Wall. 89 Bowl, in grey ware ; broken ; 10 X 4| in. Southwark. 90 Bowl, in dark grey ware ; a cooking vessel ( ?) ; 3^ X 5| in. Paternoster How. 91 Bowl, in greyish-black ware ; 1 x 7 in. Coal Exchange, Thames Street, 1859. 92 Bowl (much restored) ; 2 X 7 in. London. 93 Bowl, with pronounced grooves on outer side, and an impressed stamp in form of a foot inside bowl ; 2 x 7f in. PL XL VIII, 7. Snow Hill, 1865. 94 Bowl, with oblong stamp in centre, surrounded by a circular band of wavy lines, with two incised lines ; the base of the bowl is flanged ; 1 X 7 in. London. 95 Bowl, deep, with incised line below neck ; 3 X 5| in. PL XLI, 6. London. 96 Bowl or dish, shallow, cup-shaped (restored) ; If x 4f in. London. 97 Bowl, with flat rim, on which is an incised line ; 3 X 7| in. PL XLVni, 5. Thames Street, 1864. 98 Bowl, or patera, fragment, combed ware ; portion of maker's stamp remaining. 99 Bowl, flat (restored) ; 1^ x 7 in. Liverpool Street, 1872. 100 Bowl, flat, in light red ware, with specks of mica intermixed ; portion only. Basinghall Street, 1868. 101 Cinerary urn, of ordinary form, with cover ; 8 X 9^ in. Liverpool Street. 102 Cinerary urn, of ordinary form ; 5 in. Thames, Hammersmith. 103 Cinerary urn, of good form, found with another inside the wooden keg (p. 40, No. 153) ; 9 X 8 in. Moorfields, 1860. 104 Cinerary um, with large mouth, the edge of which is deeplv indented ; 9 X 6 in. Lombard Street, 1865. 105 Cinerary urn, of broad form, with large mouth, having two incised lines on flat rim : 8 X 9 in. Liverpool Street, 1872. 106 Cinerary urn, with roughly-indented line on body; 7 in. h., 6| in. g. diam., 4 in. m. , 2| in b. Corn Exchange, Mark Lane. 7 * 84 ROMAN POTTERY. 107 Cinerary urn, in light ware, with three indented lines on body ; 8 X 9 in. Liverpool Street, 1872. 108 Cinerary urn, constricted below rim, with cover ; 8| X 7 in. London. 109-110 Cinerary urns (two), with globular body and slightly expanding rim ; 6| X 5^ in. and 6f X 6 in. London. 111 Cinerary um, of buff ware, with lid of pale red pottery, con- taining calcined bones ; 8f X 8f in. Back of Holy Trinity Chiirch, Minories. 112 Cinerary urn, of greyish ware, with cover, containing calcined bones ; 85 X 8^ in. Found, with another, inside a broken amphora. PL XXXIX, 1. Liverpool Street, 1872. 113 Cinerary urn, light ware, with wide flanged mouth and incised lines at intervals on body ; this urn contains the calcined bones, with traces of a linen wrapper, in which they were enclosed ; 7 in. h., 5| in. m., 6 in. g. diam., 2| in, b. Moor fields. 114 Cinerary urn, of dark grey ware ; imperfect. Thames, near London. 115 Cinerary urn, of grey ware, with indented sides; 7 x 5 in. PL XLIX, 5. Jewry Street, Aldgate, 1870. 116 Cinerary urn ; imperfect ; of grey ware, with indented sides. Fenchurch Street, 1866. 117 Cinerary urn, in dark grey ware ; 7 X 8 in. Liverpool Street, 1872. 118 Cinerary urn, of greyish-brown ware, ornamented with crossed diagonal lines on body ; 10| X 8 in. PI. XLIX, 6. Roman Cemetery, Norton Fclgate. 119 Cinerary urn, of light grey ware, the body ornamented with diagonal lines ; containing calcined bones ; 7 X 7 in. PI. XLIX, 8. West Smithfield, 1865. 120 Cinerary urn, of dark grey ware; imperfect; ornamented with diagonal lines ; containing calcined bones ; it had a cover when found ; 6 X 6 in. Coleman Street. 121 Cinerary urn, in dark ware, the body faintly decorated with a diagonal pattern ; containing calcined bones ; 8 X 7 in. London. 122 Cinerary urn, with crossed diagonal lines on body ; containing calcined bones ; 10 in. h. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 123 Cinerary urn (restored), with crossed diagonal lines on body ; 10 in. h. St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1865. 124 Cooking pot, in blackish ware ; 5^ X 7| in. Aldersgate Street, 1870. 125 Cover of cinerary urn, in grey ware. Liverpool Street, 1872. 126 Cover of urn ; 3| in. City of London. 127 Cover of a cinerary urn ; repaired ; 74 in. Lombard Street, 1872. 128 Cover of a cinerary urn, light ware, with hollow knob for handle; 6| in. diam., 2 in. h. Newgate Market. 129 Cover of cinerary urn, in dark grey ware. Thames, Rutney. 130, Cover of cinerary urn, in black ware. ROMAN POTTERY. 85 131 Cruse, for oil, of long slender form, with ovoid body ; 10^ X 3^ in. 132 Cruse, similar ; 6i X 2 in. 133 Cup, with reddish-brown pigment on body ; the centre of thia vase is constricted in an unusual manner, giving it an elegant appearance ; 3f x 3 in. PI. XL, 3. Smithfield, 1865. 134 Cup, drinking, of coarse red ware ; 3 X 2 in. Sovthwark, 1862. 135 Dish, of blackish-brown ware ; imperfect ; the base orna- mented with an incised X. London (?). 136 Dish, or patera, of dark ware ; 1 x 7f in. Southwark. 137 Dish, or patera ; 2| X 9 in. Bishopsgate Street. 138 Dish, or patera ; If X 7 in. Bishopsgate Street. 139 Dish (restored), in coarse ware, with straight sides ; 2 X 11 in. Winchester Palace, Southwark, 1864. 140 Dish, with narrow rim and flanged base ; 2 X 5 in. PI. XL VIII, 2. Blackfriars, 1864. 141 Dish, flat (repaired), with curious deposit of carbonate of lime on the interior ; 1 x 7 in. Coleman Street. 142 Dish, shallow, of micaceous clay ; portion only. 143 Ewer, in grey ware ; 4 x 5 in. London. 144 Ewer, or jug, with handle ; 14^ x 9i in. South side of St. Andrew's Church, Holborn. 145 Ewer, or jug, with handle ; llf X 8 in. Holborn, 1870. 146 Ewer, with handle, with incised lines covering the body of the vessel ; 4 X 3 in. London. 147 Ewer, or water-bottle, with indented mouth ; 10 X 7| in. PI. XL, 5. Holborn, 1870. 148 Fragment of pottery, S -shaped, circular in section, ornamented on one face with incised rings; 6 in 1. London (?). 149 Fragment of coarse grey pottery, slightly burnished. London. 150 Fragment of painted ware. London. 151 Fragment of bowl, with glazed red and yellow marked surface. Sise Lane. 152 Fragment of shallow dish, with micaceous grams in the clay. City of London. 153 Handle of vase, grey ware, with micaceous grains. London Wall. 154-155 Handles (?), two, of vase, with micaceous grains, having five perforations on under side. City of London. 156 Handle, or spout, in form of a phallus (?), in same ware. City of London. 157 Jar, with expanding lip ; 6 X 4J; in. Holborn, 1869. 158 Jug, of unusual form, the body being angular in section at the centre, tapering rapidly to the base, and more gradually towards the neck ; it has deeply indented lines on body and at base of neck ; 9| X 5| in. South side of St. Andrew's Church, Holborn. 86 ROMAN POTTERY. 159 Jug, or bottle, of ash-coloured ware, the neck is ornamented with bands and grooves, and the body with a band of white ; handle missing ; 5$ X 4 in. London Wall. 160 Lamp-filler, in soft red ware ; 4f x 3 in. Found in an oaken cist in the Roman cemetery at Sun Street, Bishopsgate Street. 161 Lamp-filler, with handle and spout; 3f X 2| in. PI. XL, 4. Billingsgate. 162 Neck and spout of a vessel, of micaceous clay. City of London. 163 Neck of bottle, of micaceous clay. City of London. 164 Net-sinker, in red clay, of triangular form, with hole at narrow end for cord ; 5| X 3 in. Thames, Kew. 165-169 Net-sinkers (five), triangular. 170 Net-sinker, of sub-triangular form, pierced at one end for sus- pension. PI. XI, 2. 171 Object, of coarse buff ware, closed at one end and perforated on two sides with two small holes. Smithfield, 1866. 172 Object, funnel-shaped, red ware; 5 in. h., 6| in. diam. at m., 1| in. b. , | in. diam. of orifice. 173 Patera, of dark grey ware ; 1| X 6| in. PI. XLVIII, 3. London ( ?). 174 Patera, of grey ware, the sides ornamented with diagonal lines, showing traces of a fine black glaze; 2^ x 7 4 in. London (?). 175 Patera, in red ware, " Pseudo-Samian," with straight sides ; g x 4J in. w. Said to have been found covering vase (p. 90, No. 291). PI. XLVIII, 8. Farringdon Street. 176 Patera, with curved sides ; in the centre is a badly-stamped maker's mark ; 1 X 6 in. PI. XLVIII, 6. Threadneedle Street. 177 Patera, of micaceous clay ; imperfect. Fenchurch Street, 1868. 178 Pitcher, or bottle, of hard, reddish-buff ware ; imperfect. London Wall. 179 Pitcher, or bottle, of buff ware, with grooved handle ; 6 X 5| in. Aldersgate Street. 180 Pitcher, or bottle, of greyish ware, with grooved handle, the numerals vii deeply incised on front of body ; 8 X 5| in. Moor- gate Street. 181 Pitcher, or bottle, with grooved handle and broad flat rim, groove on body ; 6i x 5| in. Aldersgate Street. 182 Pitcher, or bottle, with traces of buff slip on body, and two grooves on handle ; 9 X 8 in. Bishopsgate Street. 183 Pitcher, or bottle, covered with thin buff slip ; 9| X 7 in. Bishopsgate Street. 184 Pitcher, with wide thin rim, ornamented with horizontal grooves ; imperfect; llf X 8 in. Bishopsgate Street. 185 Pitcher, or bottle, with grooved handle, the neck decorated with prominent ribs; 11^ x 8 in. Lombard Street. 186 Ring, of clay, perhaps a stand for a vase with rounded base ; 1 in. diam. City of London. ROMAN POTTERY. 87 187 Ring, similar ; 2 in. diam. London. 188 Saucer, of greyish-buff ware, with lip formed by pressing down edge of rim; in. h., 2J in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 189 Saucer-shaped vessel, of fawn-coloured ware, with foot ; 2i X 5 in. London Wall. 190 Saucer, of basin form, in black ware, containing charred wood ; If X 4 in. PL XLVIII, 4. Lombard Street, 1866. 191 Saucer, or dish, in blackish-grey ware; 1 in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 192 Saucer-shaped vessel, with straight sides and grooved rim ; 1| X 4 in. City of London. 19.3 Spout (?), in red clay; 13^ in. 1., 3 in. diam. at broad end, and li in. at narrow end. Queen Victoria Street. 194 Spout of a vessel. London. 195 Stand, base of flower stand. London Wall, 1866. 196 Stand or vase for flowers ; portion only ; three-lobed, on tubular stand, with scar where handle has been. London. 197 Stand ; lobe of flower-stand, light ware ; 3| in. h. London Wall. 198 Tazza, in hard grey clay, with slight glaze ; the rim is indented or crinkled by means of the potter's finger, the lower portion of the bowl has also a crinkled band, as has likewise the upper portion of the base; 4| x 7 in. PI. XLI., 7. Pott's Vinegar Works, Southwark, 1900. 199 Tazza, or bowl, portion only, with foot, having projecting " crinkled " bands on rim and base of bowl. Leadenhall. 200 Tazza, similar to above. Three Kings' Court, Lombard Street. 201 Tazza, with similar ornament at intervals on body ; 4 x 6 in. PI. XXXIX, 5. Royal Exchange (?). 202 Tazza, portion only, with similar ridges and indented bands. London Wall. 203 Tazza, with " crinkled " ornamented ridges ; 8 in. Holborn, 1866. 204 Tazza, fragment. 205 Tazza, or bowl, with two incised lines on body ; imperfect ; 44 in. h. London. 206 Tetina, or feeding-bottle ; imperfect ; 4 in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 207 Tetina ; imperfect ; body ornamented with horizontal groove and showing traces of gilding (?) ; 3^ in. diam. Fenchurch Street. 208 Unguentarium, of ordinary type ; 7f X 4 in. 209-214 Unguentaria (six) ; 3i to 4 in. h. London ( ?). 215 Vase; imperfect; 4 x 5 in. L. d> IF. Bank, Lotlibury, 1865. 216 Vase, flattened globular body, grooved sides, and curved handles, one missing ; 8 x 7 in. Murk Lane. 217 Vase, wide-mouthed, beneath the rim is a band formed by indented lines, enclosing vertical and diagonal stripes ; 8 X 8 in. Holborn Circus, 1870. 88 ROMAN POTTERY. 218 Vase, smaller, of like character; 6| X 7^ in. Fenchurch Street. 219 Vase, similar to No. 216. 220 Vase, wide-mouthed, of grey ware; 7 X 8 in. Holborn Viaduct, 1867. 221 Vase, grey ware, ordinary form, with hatched lines on body ; 4 in. h., 2| in. m., 3 in. g. diam., 1 in. b. Borough. 222 Vase, light ware, narrow base, globular body, and short, narrow neck and rim; 3| in. h., 2| in. m., 3| in. g. diam., \\ in. b. London Wall. 223 Vase, of coarse grey ware, with wide mouth; 85 x 10 in. London. 224 Vase, of flattened form, in coarse grey ware ; 3f x 5 in. London. 225 Vase, of slender form, in heavy black ware; 5 X 3 in. Queen Victoria Street. 226 Vase, of coarse grey ware, plain; imperfect. London. 227 Vase, small, of grey ware, plain; imperfect; 4 X 4 in. PI. XLIX, 2. Minories. 228 Vase, in dark grey ware, with deeply incised lines round upper portion of body ; 8 x 6 in. London. 229 Vase, of slender form, in reddish-grey pottery, body slightly ornamented ; 6 X 4 in. London. 230 Vase, in dark grey ware, of globular form, with incised crossed lines all over body ; broken ; 9^ X 7| in. Found with glass objects. PL XLIX, 7. Coleman Street. 231 Vase, of grey ware; imperfect; slightly decorated with crossed diagonal lines ; 6 X 6 in. West Smithfield. 232 Vase ; imperfect ; of dark grey ware, ornamented with diagonal lines ; 6 X 5 in. Moorfields. 233 Vase, of grey ware ; imperfect ; ornamented with a series of crossed diagonal lines ; 7J X 7 in. West Smithfield. 234 Vase (restored), containing bones, with crossed lines on body; 10 in. h. Found within a broken amphora. Liverpool Street. 235 Vase, dark grey ware, ordinary form; 3 in. h., If in. m., 2 in. g. diam., 1 in. b. Southward. 236 Vase, small, urn-shaped, of good form ; portion only ; 2 in. Lombard Street, 1865. 237 Vase, cup-shaped, with indented band in centre of body ; 2 in. Lombard Street, 1866. 238 Vase, similar to above, in grey ware ; 2| in. Smithfield. 239 Vase, in reddish ware, of shallow form, with rounded base, per- haps for cooking purposes. London. 240 Vase, of rough red ware ; 2J in. London. 241 Vase, of rough ware, with upright rim ; 2| x 1 in. Fen- church Street. 242 Vase, portion only, with indented bands of ornament. Royal Ex- change, 1841. 243 Vase, of stone-coloured ware, neck only. City of London. ROMAN POTTERY. 89 244 Vase, mouth only, ornamented with mask ; 2| in. diam. PL VI, 6. Lombard Street. 245 Vase, jar-shaped, in red clay with micaceous grains ; this vase has a large globular body and broad cylindrical neck ; 12| X 8 in. Holborn, 1870. 246 Vase, with slender neck and broad flat base ; 7 X 4 in. Sermon Lane, Doctors' Commons. 247 Vase, portion only ; 3 in. Mark Lane. 248 Vase, light ware, with flattened rim. London. 249 Vase, of good form, in unusually thin ware, with two looped handles ; 7 X T\ in. 250 Vase, double-handled, ornamented with shallow horizontal grooves ; 6| X G| in. PL XL, 7. Moorgate Street. 251 Vase, with two handles, of broad, flattened form, having two incised lines on centre of body ; 1\ X 8 in. 252 Vase, with narrow pointed base, short and ribbed body ; 2 in. Southwark, 1865. 253 Vase, with expanding mouth and tapering base, body strongly ribbed ; 5f x 2f in. London Wall. 254-255 Vases (two), similar. Fenchurch Street and London Wall. 256 Vase, of brown ware ; 4^ X 2| in. Bishopsgate Street. 257-258 Vases (two), similar to No. 253; 4J x 2f in. Bishopsgate Street. 259-260 Vases (two), with grooved rims ; 2 X 2 in. and 4 X 2^ in. Fen- church Street. 261-265 Vases (five), small, with prominent rims. Queen Victoria Street; London Wall, 1867 ; St. Martin's-le-Grand, 1870 ; Lombard Street, 1868 : and St. Martin's-le-Grand. 266 Vase, of micaceous clay, of good form, the body ornamented with small bosses, formed by pressure from the inside ; 3 X 3 in. PL XLII, 3. City of London. 267 Vase, of rough grey ware, with narrow rim ; 2| X 3 in. Cornhill. 268 Vase, gourd-shaped, the base covered with oxide of copper ; 9^ in. h., 6^ in. diam., If in. diam. at m. St. Martin's-le- Grand, 1870. 269 Vase, of coarse grey ware, with narrow mouth and swelling body ; 10 x 9 in. Dowgate Hill, 18~64. 270 Vase, flower (?), four-lobed, on circular tubular stand; imperfect; 3^ in. h., 4 i in. diam. Site of Gooch & C omens' Warehouse, London Wall. 271 Vase, flower, portion only, four-lobed, on circular hollow base ; 4 x 2| in. Bishopsgate Street. 272 Vase, flower, three-lobed, on circular stand ; imperfect. PL XL, 1. 273 Vase, flower, similar ; 4^ X 4^ in. London, 1872. See also p. 87, Nos. 195-7. 274 Vase, of unusual form, with handle, the centre of the body forming an angular section, the mouth and base are small ; 3 X 4 in. PL XLI, 3. St. Martin's-le-Grand, 1870. 90 EOMAN POTTERY. 275 Vase, with handle, having bands of brown pigment on body and neck ; 4 x 3 in. 276 Vase, with flattened body ; 8 X 6| in. Eastcheap. 277 Vase, with ovoid body, and having ribs on rim of inouth : 94 x 7 in. 278 Vase, in red ware, containing calcined bones ; 4^ X 4^ in. Mark Lane, 1866. 279 Vase, light ware, with ovoid body; 3^ in. h., 1^ in. b., 1\ in. g. diam., 1| in. m. London Wall. 280 Vase, light ware, globular body, short neck, expanding lip, with two short handles on shoulders, and having two bands of incised double lines on body ; 6^ in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4^ in. m. , 2| in. b. London Wall. 281 Vase, light ware, hand-made, with crinkled base, and bands of parallel and hatched lines on upper portion of body ; much broken; 5 in. h., 2| in. m., 3| in. g. diam., 2i in. b. London Wall. 282 Vase, of thick, coarse grey ware, with rudely-designed face on side ; appears to have had two handles ; imperfect. London Wall. 283 Vase, dark ware, similar to Nos. 216 and 219; 10 in. h. PI. XXXIX, 3. Mark Lane, 1866. 284 Vase, with narrow base, in reddish ware ; 3 X 2 in. London Wall. 285 Vase, in blackish-grey ware ; 2| in. 1. London Wall, 1862. 286 Vase, of rough dark pottery ; 6 x 6| in. PI. XLIX, 3. Bishops- gate. 287 Vase, small, of smooth grey ware ; imperfect. Bishopsgate Street. 288 Vase, of rough grey ware, with wide rim ; 9| X 8 in. Bishopsgate Street. 289-290 Vase (two fragments), in dark ware. London, 1864. 291 Vase, in blackish grey ware (hand-made), with incised line round shoulder ; 3| X 4 in. PI. XLI, 8. Farnngdon Street. 292 Vase, of grey ware, the body decorated with crossed lines ; 5 x 4 in. Barge Yard. 293 Vase, of dark pottery, with projecting rim, ornamented round body with crossed lines ; 7^ X 5| in. London Wall. 294 Vase, of smooth black ware, with broad rim, ornamented on body with crossed lines on a roughened band, 1 in. w. ; 6| X 5| in. Minories. 295 Vase, of dark ware, with projecting rim, ornamented round body with perpendicular lines ; 6 X 5| in. PI. XLIX, 4. London Wall. 296 Vase, in light ware, with hatched diagonal lines on body ; 3 x 3 in. Holborn Valley, 1867. 297 Vase, in dark grey ware, with crossed lines on body ; 6 X 5\ in. Found under St. Olave's Church, Old Jewry. 298 Vase, blackened yellow clay, body decorated with band of hatched lines; 4| in. h., 4 in. g. diam. PL XLIX, 1. Artillery Lane, 1843. ROMAN POTTERY. 91 299 Vase, three portions of rim, in grey-black ware, having a band of chevrons on the shoulder. Southwark. 300 Vase, of micaceous clay, with globular body and narrow base; 3 x 2| in. Moorfields, 1865. 301 Vase, urn-shaped, with expanding neck, having two " eared " handles on upper portion of body ; 5f X 5| in. PI. XL, 2. Hoi- born Valley, 1867. 302 Vase, fragment, in form of human face. City of London. 303 Vase, portion only, light grey ware, with pedestalled foot and slightly overhanging rim, the sides ornamented with horizontal grooves ; 6 in. h. , 4f in. g. diam. , 2| in. b. Sank Station, C.L.R. 304 Vase, light ware, somewhat globular body, constricted in centre, narrow mouth, expanding base; 3| in. h., 2| in. g. diam. South- wark. 305 Vase, of amphora form, grey ware; 6^ in. h., 2 in. g. diam., li in. m. Smtthwark, 1902. 306 Vase, grey ware, oviform body ; on rim is a coarsely executed male mask; 6| in. h., 4^ in. g. diam., 1| in. m., 1| in. b. Bow Lane. 307 Vase (fragment), consisting of a portion of human face, covered with a kind of turban, decorated with circles. London Wall. 308 Vessel, of buff ware ; 5 X 4^ in. Austin Friars. 309 Vessel, portion only, buff ware, in the form of a spout ; as the upper end is stopped it may have been a perforated handle. Bank Station, C.L.R. 310 Wine jar, cenochoe, with pinched-in lip ; 3| X 3^ in. Clement's Lane. 311 Wine- jar, renochoe, with indented lip ; 5 X 3| in. 312 Wine-jar, cenochoe, with wide mouth, having two incised lines on body ; 7f X 5f in. 313 Wine-jar, cenochoe, with indented lip ; 8 X 5 in. 314 Vase, portion, in form of a female mask ; 3| in. h. 315 Amphora ; 4 x 2^ in. 316 Amphora; 4f X 3 in. 317 Vase, grey ware, with broad, saucer-shaped mouth; imperfect; 2 in. h., 3 in. d. Newgate, 1903. 318 Fragment of vase, coarse grey ware, decorated with incised wavy bands. Newgate. 319 Crucible, black ware; 2^ in. h., 3f in. d. Newgate. 320 Lid of vase, coarse black ware, with flat handle above ; 8 in. d. Baltic House, 1903. 321 Bowl, hemispherical, with small flat perforated base ; 7 x 3 in. 322 Bowl, yellow ware; exteiior dark brown, under side of body decorated with bands of short incised lines, base perforated with a large hole; If in. h., 34 in. d. Eastcheap, 1903. ROMAN CASTOR WARE. 323 Vase (?), tubular, of grey ware, with wide rim, a wavy pro- jecting band in centre, and flat base, which appears to have been chipped away. Baltic House, 1904. CASTOR WARE. 324 Bowl, having a slightly flanged rim ; 4 in. h. Clerkenwell, 1812. 325 Cup, or vase ; 3 x 3 in. Old Broad Street. 326 Cup, in yellow clay, the body well covered with short parallel lines; a deeply incised line round centre; 3| in. h., 2J in. diam. Crutched Friars. 327 Cup, or vase, in fine red ware, with black glaze ; neck ornamented with two horizontal incised lines, and the body with incised lines and scroll-work in pinkish-white slip ; 7 in. h. , 4 m - diam. PL XLII, 12. Bishopsgate Street. 328 Cup-shaped urn, of light ware, with the surface coloured black ; 4 in. h. Mark Lane, 1867. 329 Cup-shaped vase, in reddish-black ware ; 2| in. h. , 3| in. diam. London. 330 Urn, of brown clay, with blackened surface, a band of " engine- turned " pattern on upper and lower portion of body, between which is a " slip " ornament of lozenges and rosettes, in yellow colour ; along the upper indented band runs a line of yellow dots ; 6 X 4^ in. PL XLII, 14. Found in a leaden cist in Broad Street, 1872. 331 Urn, of dark pottery ; on the body, in slip work, are the figures of a dog and a stag separated by spirals, with bands of incised vertical lines above and below ; 9 in. h. , 5 in. w. PL XLH, 11. Jewry Street, Aldgate, 1870. 332 Urn, of black ware, with band of " engine-turned " pattern on body; 3 in. h. Holborn, 1869. 333 Urn, cinerary, of small size, decorated with incised lines and a band of " engine-turned " ornament round centre of body ; con- taining calcined bones; 4| in, h., 4 in. diam. St. Martin's-le- Grand. 334 Vase, of reddish-brown glazed pottery, with band of " engine- turned " ornament (or long and short vertical lines close together) on body ; 4 in. h. , 4 in. diam. 335 Vase, of globular form, in blackish-red ware, with three broad bands of vertical lines on body; 3^ in. h., 3| in. diam. Austin Friars. 336 Vase, of grey ware, painted black on the outside and orna- mented with scroll-work in white slip. Bishopsgate Street. 337 Vase, with narrow base, expanding rapidly towards the centre, from which it slightly narrows to top, the body is covered with raised scrolls in slip ware ; 4| in. h., 3 in. m., 1 in. b. PL XLII, 13. Snow Hill, 1865. 338 Vase, urn-shaped, of white clay, coloured brownish-black on surface, with figure in relief on body of a dog chasing a stag ; 3 in. h. PL XLII, 6. London (?). ROMAN NEW FOREST AND UPCHURCH WARE. 93 339 Vase, urn-shaped, with a dog chasing a stag (?) in relief on body ; 3$ in. h. PI. XLII, 4. London. 340 Vase ; portion only. Fenchurdi Street. 341 Vase, portion only, with dog and stags in relief. Queen Victoria Street, 1872. 342-343 Vases, two fragments, with ornaments in relief. City of London. 344 Vase, fragment of mouth, decorated. PI. XLVI, 7. City of London. 345-359 Vases ; fifteen fragments. PI. XLVI, 5, 12. London. 360 Vase, with bands of curved lines and dots in slip ; 6 in. h., 3 in. g. diam., If in. b., 2 in. m. PI. XCIX, 3. Eastcheap, 1838. NEW FOREST WARE. 361 Vase in coarse blackish ware, with globular body, tapering above and below, the centre of the vase ornamented with eight oval depressions ; 7 in. h. PI. XLIV, 1. Gracechurch Street. 362 Vase, in yellowish ware, with plain globular body, tapering above and below ; 5| in. h. London Bridge. 363 Vase, of same form, in grey ware, the body decorated with in- dented dotted vertical lines; 5 in. h. PI. XLII, 10. Queen Victoria Street, 1872. 364 Vase, with wide mouth, of same general design, the body deco- rated with seven deep oval depressions, and with a band of in- cised lines above and below ; 5 in. h. PL XLIV, 4. Walbrook. 365 Vase, portion, with vertical indented lines round body. Bishops- gate Street. 366 Vase, ornamented on body with three rows of short indented lines, and five broad oval depressions, separated by indented verti- cal lines ; 7 in. h, PI. XLIV, 3. Queen Victoria Street, 1872. 367 Vase of hard grey clay, with six oval indentations on body and incised line round centre ; 4| X 2 in. PI. XLIV, 2. Bow, 1901. 368 Vase of good form, covered with lustrous glaze, with two small bands of indentation round body. PI. XLII, 7. Ivy Lane, Newgate Street. 369 Drinking-cup, of rough ware; 3^ in. h., 2| in. diam. Austin Friars. UPCHURCH WARE, AND UNCERTAIN WARES. 370 Cup, of black hand-polished ware, with incised stamp OMI (OF MINI?) ; 3 X 5 in. 371 Dish of black ware, with expanding sides, on the outside of which is a design of wavy lines ; 7| in. g. diam. , 1 in. h. , 6 in. b. Milk Street. 372 Olla, or jar, with vertical bauds of raised dots at intervals ; 4J in. h., 2| in. m., 4 in. g. diam., If in. b. Aldgate. 373 Urn, in blackish-brown ware, with " engine-turned " ornament on body, divided by incised lines at intervals ; 3| in. h. Token- house Yard. 94 ROMAN UPCHURCH WARE. 374 Cinerary urn, of dark ware, ornamented with circular band enclosing diagonal lines; 7x6 in. PL XLIX, 9. Mark Lane, 1868. 375 Vase, of grey ware, ornamented with curious looped ornament, divided by beaded vertical lines ; ? Cologne ware ; 4 in. h. , 4 in. diam. PI. XLIII, 6. 376 Vase, of dark ware, ornamented with projecting dots, of an unusual pattern ; 1 Castor ware ; 5 in. h. , 5 in. diam. 377 Vase, light grey ware, with beaded dots in chevron on upper portion of body ; ? Cologne ware ; 4 in. h. , 4A in. diam. PI. XLIII, 3. 378 Vase, with continuous triple band of scales in relief on body ; ? Yorkshire ware; 5 in. h., 5 in. diam. PL XLIII, 1. 379 Vase, with vertical rows of scale-pattern in relief on upper portion of body ; ware similar to above ; 6 in. h. 380 Vase, of greyish-black ware, band of hatched lines on centre of body ; imperfect ; 7 in. h. London Wall. 381 Vase, in grey ware, with clusters of curious "blistered" slip ornament on body ; 3 in. h. Tower Hill, 1865. 382 Vase, with pattern of dots in roughly-circular patches, with incised line above and below; 5 in. h., 5 in. diam. Holborn, 1869. 383 Vase, of smooth grey ware, ornamented on body with groups of raised dots; 5^ in. h., 5 in. diam. Bi^hopsgate Street. 384 Vase, with raised ridge round base of neck, and lines of stencilled dots as ornament ; 4f in. h. , 3^ in. diam. Snow Hill. 385 Cinerary urn, in blackish-grey clay, decorated with vertical bands of dots at intervals ; containing bones ; 3| X 3 in. Broad Street, 1872. 386 Vase, with dotted pattern on body ; 3| X 3f in. Broad Street. 387 Vase, globular, with dotted design on body; 3| in. h., 3 in. w. Bishopsgate. 388 Vase, of globular form, with short, expanding neck ; having vertical bands of dots on body; 6 in. h., 4f in. diam. London. 389-400 Vases (twelve), varying in height from 3^ to 7 in., and from 3 in. to 7^ in. diam. Mansion House; Bishopsgate Street; Lombard Street; Mark Lane; Cannon Street; Southwark; St. Martin's-le- Grand; Clement's Lane.; and Queen Victoria Street. 401 Vase, similar to No. 388 ; 3^ x 3^ in. Bartholomew Lane, 1865. 402 Vase, similar to No. 388, with lustre on portion of body ; 5| x 6 in. Queen Victoria Street. 403 Vase, with ornament consisting of groups of five, four, three, three, and two lines of beaded pattern, respectively, on body of vase ; ? Cologne ware. PL XLIII, 4. 404 Vase, in grey ware, with slightly constricted band round centre ; 3J in. h. Tower of London. 405 Vase, blackish ware, with impressed pattern in narrow bands ; ? Castor ware ; 4 X 5 in. City of London. ROMAN SAMIAN WARE. 95 406 Vase, of rough grey ware ; 4| in. h. , 3 in. diam. City of London. 407 Vase, in grey ware ; 4 in. h. , 5 in. diam. Holborn, 1869. 408 Vase, of dark ware, with constricted neck; 4| in. h., 2| in. diam. Cornhill. 409 Vase, of globular form, with short expanding neck, in ware of thin fabric ; 8 X 7 in. Bishopsgate Street. 410 Vase, with globular body, short expanding neck, plain ; 5 X 5 in. Southwark Street, 1866. 411 Vase, with broad rim, in blackish-grey ware ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. Spitalfields. 412 Vase, wide-mouthed, in coarse ware, faintly decorated with crossed diagonal lines on body ; 7 X 5 in. Thames Street. 413 Fragment of vase, ornamented with scored lines. London. 414 Vase, fragment, with dotted ornament. 415 Cinerary urn, blackish ware, decorated with incised hatched lines, containing calcined bones ; repaired ; 12 x 12 in. SAMIAN WARE. 416 Basin (portion), shallow, with scrolls of foliage, rosettes, etc., beneath an " engine-turned " rim. Tokenhouse Yard, 1866. 417 Bowl, portion only, with gladiators, helmets, shields, greaves, etc. 418 Bowl, portion only, with human figures in relief. London. 419 Bowl, fragment, with human figures, animals, etc., in relief. Southwark, 1863. 420 Bowl, portion only, with medallions containing human figures, separated by tripods. Dover Road, Southwark, 1865. 421 Bowl, portion, with figures and bunches of grapes, inscribed SERVI. M on outer surface. PL XXXVIII, 1. Gfracechurch Street, 1865. 422 Bowl, portion ; female figure, two winged figures, a goat, and a fowl, within ornamental borders. London. 423 Bowl of coarsely-made ware, with frieze containing human figures and athletes ; imperfect ; 7 X 3 in. PI. XLV, 17. Bishopsgate Street. 424 Bowl of dark red colour, coarse work, with two gladiators fight- ing, alternated with a helmeted bust, beneath which is a faintly impressed maker's name ; these designs are repeated round the bowl ; repaired ; 8 x 4 in. Skinner Street, Bishopsgate. 425 Bowl, portion, deep, with female figures, ring ornament, and other designs ; stamped IVLIANI ( ?) on outer side. Southwark. 426 Bowl, ornamented in relief with bands of festoon and tassel pattern ; below which are two other bands with figures of gladia- tors, animals and birds, in rectangular spaces, divided by groups of bead line, sycamore seed, and other patterns ; at base, a final band of S- shaped design; imperfect; 3 in. h. Basinghall Street. 96 ROMAN SAMIAN WARE. 427 Bowl, imperfect, with unusually tall, straight sides, having figures of Hercules with club, lions, and fabulous animals, in relief ; 6 X 7 in. Little Moorfields, 1865. 428 Bowl, imperfect, large, with masks in medallions, nude figures, animals, etc. Dowgate, 1864. 429 Bowl (portion) ; stamped OF. L. c. VIBILI. , the impression having semi-circular ends, decorated with small dots. London Wall. 430 Bowl, imperfect, with vine-leaves, dolphins, and female, with arms uplifted, holding an uncertain object over her head. Thames Street, 1864. 431 Bowl, imperfect, decorated, with curious " strap " handle. Eoyal Exchange. 432 Bowl, with dolphin and masks ; restored ; 7 in. diam. Barge Yard. 433 Bowl, imperfect, with stags, lions, and other ornament. Billiter Street, 1865. 434 Bowl, imperfect, with lion and bull (?) in relief. Holborn, 1870. 435 Bowl, of elegant form, with " engine-turned " mouldings, scrolls, and foliage, together with representations of dogs in pursuit of rabbits or hares. London. 436 Bowl, fragment, with portion of hunting scene ; figure of lion and wild boar. London. 437 Bowl, imperfect, deep, with animals in slight relief. London. 438 Bowl, imperfect, shallow, with birds and an eagle in relief. 439 Bowl, half only, globular, with floral sprays and birds. Clement's Lane, 1865. 440 Bowl, imperfect, coarse fabric, with birds, dogs, etc., in relief. New Street, Borough, 1862. 441 Bowl, imperfect, shallow, with festoons, tassels, dogs, and hunting scenes on body. Southwark, 1862. 442 Bowl, imperfect, having bands of tassel and festoons, chevron and wreath ornament, between which are medallions, with figures of animals, etc. ; 3| in. h. St. Mary's Hill, Billingsgate. 443 Bowl, ornamented in relief with horizontal band of wreath-like appearance, below which is a band of scrolls, vine leaves, grapes, small birds, and discs ; 3 x t\ in. London Wall. 444 Bowl, imperfect, circular, ornamented with scrolls and foliage. Royal Exchange. 445 Bowl, or basin, upright, decorated ; imperfect. Threadneedle Street, 1867. 446 Bowl ; imperfect ; with festoons on body ; OF. MVKRAX (MVKRANI). PI. XXXVIII, 2. Cullum Street. 447 Bowl, small ; imperfect. Dowgate or Steelyard. 448 Bowl, with maker's stamp ; 2 X 4|- in. St. Mar tin' s-le- Grand T 1870. 449 Bowl, imperfect, of thin ware; 4J x 2 in. Lombard Street, 1868. 450 Bowl, inside much worn by trituration; 2 x 5^ in. Whitstable (?). ROMAN SAMIAN WARE. 97 Bowl, fragment. Poultry, 1866. Bowl, with ivy-leaves on rim ; 4 x 2 in. Whitstable, 1865. Tokenhou&e. 451 452 453 Bowl, fragment, on which is the figure of an ape. Yard. 454 Bowl, of good form, with slightly expanding mouth, ringed base ; body decorated with frieze of scrolls, with Cupids, and dogs chasing stags below ; maker's mark, OF. A ENI ; imperfect ; 8J in. g. diam., 2| in. b., 4 in. h. Borough. 455 Bowl, portion, basin-shaped, with decorations in panels, con- sisting of fauns, Minerva (?), and a triple trefoil within a double circle ; 5^ in. h. Borough. 456-457 Bowls (two), imperfect, with a mask, a hare, lions, stags and other objects roughly moulded on body. Borough. 458 Bowl ; stamped SACERO. M. ; imperfect ; 9 in. diam. , 3 in. h. Snow Hill, 1865. 459 Bowl, shallow, with figure of a bird ; fragment. Bishopsgate Street. 460 Bowl, vine-leaf ornament ; fragment. London. 461 Bowl, or patera, wide flanged projection on body, short upright rim, ringed base ; 5^ in. diam. , 2 in. h. Lombard Street. 462 Bowl, similar to No. 461 ; portion only. Broad Street. 463 Bowl, small, shallow, ivy-leaf border, with a delicately-formed strap handle on edge ; portion only. Tokenhouse Yard. 464 Bowl, small, deep, with " engine-turned " band on rim ; imperfect ; 3 x If in. Site of 66, Comhill. 465 Bowl, with sprays on rim ; 'repaired ; 4 x 1 in. Thames Street. 466 Bowl, with sprays of vine-leaves ; repaired ; 6^ X 3 in. Royal Exchange. 467-469 Bowls (three), portions only. PI. XLV, 6. Moor fields; Cannon Street; and Queenhithe. 470-472 Bowls, fragments of three, ornamented. PI. XXXVIII, 3. 473 Bowl, ivy leaves on rim ; 4 X 2 in. Fenchurch Street, 1872. 474 Bowl, portion, with indented bands on body, and a line of looped design in white slip below rim. Mark Lane, 1866. 475 Bowl, fragment only, with impressed pattern. 476 Bowl, with narrow base and broad mouth, inscribed OF. PRIMI ; 5 X 2 in. St. Martin's Lane, 1865. 477 Bowl, with Medusa mask in relief on inside of bowl, and rudi- mentary handles at sides ; 1| X 3g in. PI. XLV, 1 ; XCIX, 2. Royal Exchange. 478 Bowl, base, with maker's stamp VITALI. M. The broken edge has been carefully ground down for some special purpose. Post Office Station, C'L.R. 479 Bowl, portion only, with seated and standing human figures between zigzag lines, and ornamental columns or standards ; 4 in. h. Moorgate Street. 480 Cup, with maker's stamp ; restored ; If X 3 in. Basinghall Street. 98 ROMAN SAMIAN WAKE. 481 Cup, with leaf pattern on rim ; 3i X li in. Post Office Station, C.L.R. 482 Cup-shaped vase ; imperfect ; decorated with incised bands ; 2| X 3i in. PI. XLV, 4. Cornhill, 1870. 483 Cup, or bowl, similar; 5 X 2 Z in. Snow Hill. 484 Cup ; 2i x 4f in. London Wall, 1866. 485 Cups (two) ; 2 X 5 in. and 1 3 X 3 Z in. London. 486 Cup; 1 x 3 in. Pan Rode, WMtstable (?). 487 Cup, with overlapping rim ; has an impressed ornament in centre in place of potter's mark ; 2 2 X 5 in. London. 488 Cup ; 3 Z X 1 2 in. Royal Exchange. 489 Cup ; OP. PARO. ; 3 X If in. Throgmorton Street. 490 Cup ; DOMITVS. r. ; 2 x 4f in. London. 491 Cup ; SILVANI ; 2 x 4 3 in. Thames Street. 492 Cup ; BELSVS. FCT. ; 1 2 X 4 in. London Wall, 1866. 493 Cup ; l z x 4 in. Thames, London. 494 Cup ; 1 2 x 3 in. PL XLV, 7. Thames Street, 1864. 495 Cup ; 2 X 4 in. Smithfield, 1865. 496 Cup; imperfect; 2 x 4 in. London (?). 497 Cup ; 3f X 3i in. PL XLV, 3. Lime Street. 498 Cup, with sprays on rim ; restored ; 1| X 3| in. Sasinghall Street. 499 Cup, with vi. M. within small circle, in centre ; 1 2 X 3 in. Lom- bard Street. 500 Cup, with " engine-turned " moulding on rim ; 3 X 1 2 in. PL XLV, 12. Lombard Street, 1866. 501 Cup ; 2 X 5 in. Thames, 1863. 502 Cup, inscribed OF. ABN ; 2 X 5 in. Lombard Street, 1868. 503 Cup ; 2 X 5 in. Thames, 1865. 504 Cup ; 2 X 5 in. St. Martin 1 s-le-Grand, 1870. 505 Cup (repaired), inscribed DONNA vcr. Lombard Street, 1865. 506 Cup, with " engine turned " mouldings below the rim ; 2 X 4f in. Lombard Street, 1864. 507 Cup-shaped vessel ; MATERNI ; 2 x 4 in. PL XLV, 16. Sovthwark. 508 Cup, drinking ; 2 2 X 4, in. PL XLV, 10. Snow Hill. 509 Cup of small size, " engine-turned " band above ; 1 2 X 3 in. Mansion House Street. 510 Cup, drinking, of thick fabric, having two raised bands around body of vessel, enclosing an engine-turned pattern ; 3 X 3| in. PL XLV, 8. Lombard Street, 1865. 511 Cup, of unusual type ; 1 X 83 in. Mark Lane, 1866. 512 Cup, with " engine-turned " ornament ; 1 2 x 3 in. Lombard Street. 513 Cup of bright red colour, with potter's stamp SA. AP. F ; a rough cross-like mark or " graffito " is scratched on under side ; 2| X 4| in. PL XLV, 2. Sank Station, C.L.R. ROHAN SAMIAN WARE. 99 514 Dish, small, of light red colour, with slightly incurved rim. Cologne. 515 Dish, inscribed OF AQVITANI. ; imperfect ; 13 in. diam. Lombard Street, 1866. 516 Dish, with sprays of ivy ( ?) leaves on rim ; repaired ; 6 in. diam. Clement's Lane, 1865. 517 Dish ; repaired ; 6| X 1 in. Walbrook, 1859. 518 Dish, small, with sprays in relief on flat rim ; imperfect. Coleman Street, 1866. 519-523 Fragments (five), of red ware, with scrolls and a female figure embossed in high relief. London Wall. These may be portions of the same vase as Nos. 551 and 552, for they were found in excavations next door to where the others (found forty years ago) were discovered. 524-536 Fragments (thirteen), various, some inscribed, and others showing ancient riveting. PI. XLVI, 2. Fenchurch Street; London; and London Wall. 537 Fragment of smooth red ware, ornamented with impressed designs. PI. XLVI, 1. Tokenhouae Yard. 538-541 Fragments (four), ornamented. London. 542 Fragments (two), rims of mortaria, with lion's mask spout. London. 543 Fragments (three), with impressed and white slip decoration. 544-550 Fragments (seven), various; decorated. PI. XLVII, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8. 551-552 Fragments (two), of a rare variety ; the pattern of vine leaves and human figures has been separately moulded, and then applied to the body of the vase. PI. XLVII, 1, 2. London Wall. 553 Mortarium, fragment, with lion's mask spout. 554 Mortarium ( ?), with spout showing signs of wear inside the bowl ; 2 X 4 in. London Wall. 555 Mould for making a Samian bowl, with stags, dogs, Cupids, and other indented ornament ; the maker's name, COBNERTVS. F. , is on a vertical band on side ; 8 X 5 in. 556 Mould for making Samian ware, with gladiators, men riding goats (?), and other impressed patterns; CEBIALIS. F. on side; 10 x 2i in. PL XXXVIII, 4. 557 Patera ; imperfect ; OF. IAIII ( ?). St. Martin' s-le-Grand, 1870. 558 Patera; imperfect; with ivy-leaves on rim; If x 6^ in. St. Mar tin' s-le-Grand. 559 Patera, small ; rim broken ; VEXERANDI. Gracechurch Street, 1867. 560 Patera; CARATIII M; If x 7 in. Pan Sock, Whitstable. 561 Patera, with ivy leaves on rim ; 5 X 2 in. PI. XLV, 15. 562 Patera ; potter's mark, SATVRNINI ; 3 x 10 in. Pan Rock, Whitstable. 563 Patera ; QVINTI. M. ; 2 X 7^ in. Pan Sock, Whitstable, 1866. ' 564 Patera, or bowl, with overhanging rim ; 2^x6^ in. Royal Ex- change. 8* 100 ROMAN SAMIAN WARE. 565 Patera, deeply-flanged base; 3| in. g. diam., 2 in. h. London Wall. 566 Patera, maker's mark, or PATRIC ; 6| in. diam., 1^ in. h. Cannon Street, 1864. 567 Patera, maker's mark indistinct ; repaired ; 7 in. diam. St. M artin's-le- Grand. 568 Patera ; imperfect ; 6 in. diam. Fenchurch Street. 569 Patera, portion only ; OF. CKES. St. M artin's-le- Grand. 570 Patera, ACER - F. ; imperfect; 11 J in. diam., 2| in. h. Pater- noster Sow. 571 Patera, imperfect, ivy-leaf design on rim; 5 in. diam., 2 in. h. PI. XLV, 14. Lombard Street, 1868. 572 Patera, portion only, or shallow dish ; TIMTIRI ( ?) OF. Snow Hill. 573 Patera, light red ware; imperfect; 6 in. diam., 1 in. h. Smithfield. 574 Patera, or shallow dish, ivy-leaf decoration on rim ; imperfect ; 11 in. diam., 3 in. h. Queen Victoria Street. 575 Patera, or bowl, of somewhat deep form, with two curious and unusual flat handles, which spring at right angles from edge of rim ; 8| x 2 in. 576 Patera, with wide overhanging rim ; 1J x 7f in. Bishopsgate Street. 577 Patera, inscribed s. M. F. ; 4^ X 1 in. PI. XLV, 13. Lombard Street. 578 Patera, with potter's mark VRXINI ( ?) ; 1| x 6| in. Lombard Street. 579 Patera, with potter's stamp ; If x 6 in. PI. XLV, 11. Lombard Street. 580 Patera, with potter's mark ; 2 X 7^ in. London Wall. 581 Patera, inscribed HONTANI ; 6| X 2 in. Thames Street. 582 Patera, inscribed CELSTNUS F. ; with "graffito" scratched in on under-side of base ; 7| X 2 in. PI. XLV, 9. Royal Exchange. 583 Patera ; repaired ; with REGINVS. F ; 7 X 2 in. Lime Street, 1869. 584 Patera, with IODIVI ( ?) ; 6 x 1 in. Birchin Lane. 585 Patera (portion), with sprays on rim. New Street, Borough. 586 Patera, plain ; repaired ; OF NIGRI ; 6f x If in. City of London. 587 Patera, large, MECVS FECI ; lOf X If in. Leadenhall Street. 588 Patera, inscribed GARANT - F ; 11 x 2 in. City of London. 589 Patera, base, with small floral ornament in the centre. London. 590 Patera, portion only, originally a shallow dish, with tall base of unusual form; 2 in. h., 3J in. g. diam., 2 in. diam. b. London Wall. 591 Patera (imperfect), with maker's -mark OF.C.N.OE; 1 X 6| in. Bank Station, C.L.R., 1897. ROMAN COLOGNE WARE. 101 592 Rim of mortarium, fragment, with raised slip scrolls and figure of stag, in the Castor style. London Wall. 593 Vase, fragment, with egg and tassel moulding ; below is a division separating semi-circular and other compartments, in which are figures holding musical instruments. In one compart- ment is a representation of a lop-eared rabbit, and beneath it a lion about to spring. Thames, near London. 594 Bowl (fragment), Samian ware, with frieze of semi-circular loops, in the centre of which are flower-like objects, below is a wreath of leaves, and the figure of a deerhound ; 4^ in. w. Southwark, 1862. 595 Bowl, Samian ware, cup-shaped; inscribed OF. MI.; 2 in. h., 4 in. diam. PI. XLV, 5. London. 596 Patera, portion only, hard dark red clay, of flat form, with strap- like handles at sides; maker's mark, DAGOMARVS. F. ; 6f in. diam., 1^ in. h. Mansion House, 1869. J.B.A.A., xxv, 393. 597 Patera, Samian ware, flat form, with decorated rim; 3| in. diam., li in. h. Panyer Alley, 1903. COLOGNE WARE. 598 Vase, portion only, with narrow base, having "slip" scrolls on body. Mark Lane, 1866. 599 Bowl, black ware, of thin fabric, with bands of indented vertical lines on upper and lower portion of body; 3 in. h. PI. XLII, 8. 600 Bowl, in reddish ware, with raised scale pattern on body ; 24 X 4 in. PI. XLIH, 5. 601 Bowl, of same ware and shape ; 4 x 2| in. 602 Bowl, of similar ware, with sprays of vine leaves in relief ; 4 x 2 in. PL XLIII, 8. 603 Bowl, of similar ware, with sprays ending in large beaded dots ; 4i x 2 in. PI. XLIII, 9. 604 Urn in red ware, with curved bands of dots and line of dots above and below ; 5 X 5 in. 605 Urn, in similar ware, having scrolls of floral design and triangu- lar patches of small dots at intervals, with bands of small spines above and below, and a band of " engine-turned " ornament on lower portion of body ; 9 X 9i in. PI. XLIII, 7. 606 Cinerary urn, in hard grey ware, with pattern of floral sprays and dots in relief on upper portion of body ; 9 x 8^ in. 607 Cinerary urn, in black ware, with similar ornament ; 5 X 5^ in. 608 Vase of same form, with P. I.E. in white, each letter sepa- rated by a bunch of grapes, also in white, on centre of body ; 4 in. h. PI. XLII, 5. 609 Vase, of same form, with band of ornament in white, consisting of large circular patches, separated by three smaller ones in a vertical line ; 4 in. h. 610 Vase, of same form, with bands of scrolls in white on body ; 4 in. h. 102 ROMAN MORTARIA, ETC. 611 Vase, wide inouth, no neck ; body globular, tapering towards base, and bearing chevron ornament; 5 in. h., 5 in. diam. PI. XLIII, 2. 612 Vase, of grey ware, with three rows of projecting spines : 3A in. h. PL XLII, 1. 613 Vase, in grey ware, with floral sprays and dots in relief on upper portion of body ; 9 X 9 in. 614 Vase, with three diagonal rows of pointed dots, placed reverse ways to form a " chevron " pattern, on whole of body ; 8 X 8 in. 615 Vase, white ware, black glaze; decorated with broad band of tassel and star ornament ; imperfect ; 5 X 34 in. PI. XL VII, 5. Southwark, 1865. J.B.A.A., xxiv, 311. MORTARIA, MILLSTONES, ETC- 616 Mortarium, with potter's mark ALBINVS ; 18 X 6 in. Bow Lane. 617 Half of similar object, with maker's stamp, CRACIVS . F., on rim. 618 Mortarium, buff ware; 4TBTvri70 ; 104 x 3 in. Near the Mansion TT i nf*f\ AljUJ-JN V B House, 1869. 619 Mortarium; LVGVII (?); 14 X 4: in. London. 620 Mortarium ; ALBINVS ; 10 X 34 in. Thames Street, 1864. 621 Mortarium, of reddish-grey ware ; SOLLVS. F. [A common name on these vessels.] 12 x 3^ in. London. 622 Mortarium, of ash-coloured pottery, bent out of shape when fired. Found in a Eoman interment in West Smithfield, together with an ampulla and a patera of ordinary material. 623 Mortarium, of dark grey ware, studded with small fragments of quartz pebbles for the purpose of trituration ; with marks, FELICI on one side, SVLIM on the other; 13 X 34 in. S.E.R., Southwark, 1864. 624 Mortarium, in light coloured buff ware, of fine texture ; marked HARIXVS FECIT ; 12 X 3 in. Lombard Street, 1868. 625 Mortarium ; imperfect ; marked FRONT, c ; 13 X 34 in. 626 Mortarium, of coarse ware, imperfectly fired ; 10 X 24 in. St. Martiris-le-Grand, 1870. 627 Mortarium, of rough ash-coloured pottery ; 12 X 4 in. Discovered in City excavations, together with an urn and vessels for oil and wine. 628 Mortarium, of dark grey ware, with T) in double lines on the rim ; 10 X 24 in. London. 629 Mortarium, with mark, L. FECIT ; 10 X 3 in. 630 Mortarium, of good form, in reddish ware, with unusual type of rim ; 114 X 34 in. 631 Fragment of rim, with potter's stamp, V ERANIVS London Wall. 632-634 Three fragments of rims of mortaria, with makers' stamps. 635 Bowl of mortarium (rim missing), in light ware ; 9| X 34 in. London. ROMAN MORTARIA, ETC. 103 636 Mortarium ; imperfect ; in white ware, with, nozzle for spout, on each side of which is a rude representation of an eye and eyebrow. London Wall. 637 Mortarium, of pale buff-coloured ware, with small stones imbedded in bowl ; 3^ X 10J in. Moorgate Street. 638 Mortarium, similar, no maker's mark ; 3| X 12 in. Lombard Street. 639 Mortarium, of coarse ware, also with small stones in bowl, maker's name, TVGENV, on rim in two places ; 3J X 12 in. Moorgate Street. 640 Mortarium, of smooth greyish-buff ware, with overhanging rim, ornamented with horizontal grooves ; imperfect ; 6| X 1 in. Bishopsgate Street. 641 Mortarium, with traces of potter's mark ; 2f X 9| in. Bishopsgate Street. 642 Mortarium, of unusual form, in red ware, with traces of white pig- ment on surface ; with maker's name, SEXVA, on either side of lip ; 10 X 4 in. PL XL, 6. London. 643 Portion of amphora; E\A,ERTaoci (? EVALERTROPLI). Royal Ex- change. 644 Portion of amphora, with stamp Q. G. K. London. 645 Portion of amphora, stamped VALEKI. London. 646 Portions of mortaria rims, inscribed, ALBIX - SATTOS - ANIOC - L Q s - "RO"vvm? ^ MATE - jfOTMVS" FLVGVDV-ALBINVS (2)-ORBISSA-EXAYrE (r ; and ten others undecipherable. London. 647 Fragment of rim of mortarium, in coarse red ware, having rivets. Lombard Street, 1868. 648 Mortarium, of coarse earthenware, much worn ; potter's mark illegible; 13 X 3 in. Ppst Office, St. Martiris-le-Grand, 1870. 649 Mortarium, light ware, of deep form, turn-over run ; imperfect ; 12 in. d., 4 in. h. 650 Millstone, conglomerate or pudding-stone, circular, perforated centre; 16| in. diam., 3 in. w. 651 Millstone, granite, circular, large perforation in centre, across which is fixed an iron band; 11 in. diam., l in. w. ; Roman ( ? ). 652 Millstone, "grit," circular, perforated centre; 11 in. diam., 14 in. w. Roman ( ?). 653 Millstone, " grit," square hole above, circular hole below ; 18 in. diam., If in. w. 654 Mortar, limestone (?), shallow pan form, four projections at sides, one of which is grooved to form a spout ; 3| in. h. , 12 in. diam. PL XI, 3. Roman (?). 655 Mortar, limestone, basin-shaped, strong projecting ribs at inter- vals on sides; imperfect; 9 in. h., 13 in. diam. Roman (?). 104 ROMAN SCULPTURED STONES. 656 Quern (upper stone), conglomerate, hemispherical section ; funnel- shaped perforation in centre, and hole at side for handle ; 4 in. w. , 13 in. diiini. 657 Quern (upper stone), conglomerate, of hemispherical form, pro- jection at side, perforated centre: 12 in. diam., 5 in. w. PI. XIII, 6. 658 Quern (lower stone), conglomerate, circular, partly perforated centre ; 13 in. diam. , 4 in. w. PI. XIII, 5. 659 Vase of alabaster (broken) ; 5 X 2| in. Said to have been found in Martin's Lane, 1865. THE ROMAN PERIOD. XII. SCULPTURED STONES. 1 Fragment of group of statuary, representing the Deae Matres, found in Hart Street, Crutched Friars. 33 X 20 x 20 in. Mr. Charles Roach Smith, F.S.A., writes of this group: "This sculpture, when entire, must have measured at least three feet in height, exclusive of the base, which probably was of equal altitude, and contained the dedicatory inscription. . . . Comparison with nume- rous other similar sculptures discovered in this country and on the Continent, leaves no doubt that the three seated figures hold- ing baskets of fruit in their laps, are a representation of the Mother Goddesses, the Deae Matres, Matronae, or Mairae, as they are designated and personified ; while from the dimensions of the sculpture, it may be inferred that a temple or a sacellum dedicated to these divinities, stood upon the spot where it was discovered. It is the only instance, with the exception of the dis- covery made in Nicholas Lane, in which the site of a temple can be with reason identified from existing remains." "Illustrations of Roman London," pp. 33-4. PI. LVI, 4. 2 Fragment of an inscription recording the restoration of a temple by a person named Vicinia. MATR[IBVS] VICINIA DE svo RES [TITVIT]. 15 X 4 x 3 in. City of London. 3 Fragment of the upper part of a monumental tablet, of Purbeck D marble, with portion of inscription CA. ... ; 4| X 4 in. 4 Head of a youth, in Purbeck marble, with full flowing side locks ; imperfect; 4^ in. h., 4 in. w. The Ophthalmic Hospital, Moor- fields, 1868. 5 Portion of a man's head in left profile, limestone ; at the sides are remains of what appears to have been an arch ; 9 in. h. , 8 in. w., 6 in. deep. Roman ( ?). 6 Portion of a male figure, in relief, bearing another figure (much mutilated) on his shoulder ; l?i X 15 X 5 in. PI. XIII, 1. EOMAN MONUMENTAL STONES. 105 7 Trunk and portion of head of a male figure, limestone ( ?) ; trunk 17 in. h., 10 in. w., head 6 in. h., 5 in. w. 8 Statue of a Roman warrior. Found in a bastion of London Wall, Camomile Street, Bishopsgate, 1876. 51^ x 31 X 9 in. 9 Sculptured head, stone. Found in a bastion of London Wall, Camomile Street, Bishopsgate, 1876. 8 X 14 x 9^ in. 10 Fragment of sculptured group ; lion overpowering another animal. Found in a bastion of London Wall, Camomile Street, Bishops- gate, 1876. 28 x 25 x 12 in. 11 Group of architectural remains, fragments of sculptured stones, buildings, etc. Found in a bastion of London Wall, in Camomile Street, Bishopsgate, 1876. 12 Group of architectural remains, fragments of sculptured stones from tombs, public buildings, etc. Found in a bastion of London Wall, Duke Street, Aldgate, 1881. 13 Portion of fluted column, sandstone ; 16 X 7^ in. 14 Portion of large capital, limestone, having part of a deeply- grooved volute on face ; probably Roman ; 24 X 15 X 8 in. Site of St. Michael Bassishaw Church. 15 Stone head from a statue; 10 in. h., 22 in. circumference. Roman ( ?). Great Eastern Street, 1906. 16 Sculptured stone, with panel representing three nude figures, two male and one female, the latter emerging from a large bowl ( ? ) ; 11^ in. h., 9 x 19 in. at top. Duke Street, Aldgate, 1908. THE ROMAN PERIOD. XIII. MONUMENTAL STONES AND OTHER SEPULCHRAL RELICS. 1 Funeral column, hexagonal. D.M. CL. MARTIXAE AN. xix AXEXCLETVS PROVING. COXIVGI PIEXTISSIMAE H.S.E. " To the Gods of the Shades. Anencletus Provincialis erected this monument to his most devoted wit'e, Claudia Martina, in her 19th year." 47 x 15 x 15 in. PI. LVI, 3. Ludgate Hill, near the London Cotfee House, 1806. 2 Monumental stone. D.M. GRATA DAGOBITI FIL. AX. XL SOLIXVS COXIVGI KAR. F.C. " To the Gods of the Shades. Erected by Solinus to the memory of his beloved wife, Grata, the daughter of Dagobitus, aged 40 "years." 12x12x3 in. London Wall, opposite Finsbury Circus, 1837. Gent. Mag., N.S., viii, pp. 361-2. 3 Monumental stone. D.M. OXESIMO vix. AX. xm. DOMITIVS ELAINVS PATER FiLio B.M. " To the Gods of the Shades. In memory of Onesimus, the well-deserving son of Domitius Elainus, who died in his 13th year." 17 X 8 x 1 in. Basinghall Street, 1852. 4 Monumental tablet, marble, bearing in relief, the figure of a man armed with trident and sword (?), and having a shield-like pro- tection to the upper portion of his left arm ; above is a frag- mentary inscription ; Greek ; 21| x 15 X 3 in. Tottenham Court Road. 106 ROMAN SEPULCHRAL RELICS. 5 Slab of limestone, oblong, with incised inscription DIS MANIB ; 12| in. w., 7| in. 1. London Wall. 6 Monumental slab, limestone, on which is represented a figure of a man and a child ; the former is clothed in a toga, the folds of which he is holding in his left hand ; 26 X 13 X 2 in. PL XIII, 4. 7 Sarcophagus, of oolitic limestone, found at Clapton, 1867. The front is ornamented with a fluted pattern, the channels being filled to a third of their height with a bead. In the centre of the design is a medallion, containing a bust of the deceased. Beneath the figure is an inscription in three lines, almost illegible, the last word being probably MARITIMIVS; 80^ in. 1., 21 in. w., 20 in. deep. PI. LVI, 1, 2. 8 Stone coffin, found near Fleet Lane, 1873. 72 X 29 X 29 in. 9 Stone coffin, found in 1891, in Bishopsgate Street, opposite Artil- lery Lane, Great Eastern Railway extension. 83 X 27 X 20 in. 10 Romano-British cippus, or cover of a tomb, in sandstone. From St. Helen's Church, Bishopsgate. 30 X 13 X 24 in. 11 Coffin of chalk, of small size, made from a block roughly squared into form, with rudely-shaped hollows ; 20^ x 8f in. Found be- neath the west end of St. Olave's Church, Old Jewry, during its demolition, 1888. 12 Portion of a coffin-lid, of lead, with the escallop ornament. Old Bailey, 13 Coffin-lid, lead, similar fragment, with a moulding of beaded bands. 14 Amphora, grey ware, of globular form, with short curved handles, the base terminating in a small knob ; 24 in. diam. This speci- men has had the upper portion broken away in ancient times, for use as a receptacle for a cinerary urn with its attendant deposit. PI. L, 3. 15 Body of amphora, dark red ware, of globular form, the base ter- minating in a small projecting knob, the neck broken off in ancient times for a similar purpose ; 20| in. h. , 20| in. diam. PL L, 2. 16 Body of amphora, dark red ware, of globular form, neck broken off in ancient times, for a funeral deposit; 23 in. d. PL L, 1. 17 Fragment of a large amphora, the neck and handles of which had been removed to form a cist or coffin for the interment ; it contained a wide-mouthed urn of grey ware 5 in. high, and an olla of Upchurch ware, decorated with dots, 7 in. high; fragments of bones also were in the urn. Bank Station, C.L.B., 1897. Note. Cinerary urns, of glass and pottery, are described on pages 75, 83-4, 92, 94-5, and 101. 107 THE ROMAN PERIOD. XIV. VARIOUS OBJECTS IN BONE AND HORN. 1-3 Handles formed from leg-bone of deer or ox. Site of Gooch and Cousens' Warehouse, London Wall, 1866 ; Auction Mart; and London. 4 Handle for an implement (?), bone. Moorfields, 1865. 5-6 Hinges (two), for caskets (?), bone, consisting of bone tubes, per- forated with circular holes at side ; 4^ and 1^ in. 1. London Wall. 7-12 Hinges (sLx), similar, tubular bone objects, pierced with two or more holes, closed at the ends ; from 1 to 3 in. 1. Hill Street ; Finsbury; Billiter Street, etc. 13 Hoe, of stag's horn, with square hole at base, the prongs have been perforated with iron nails, portions of which remain ; length of prongs from centre of fork i| and 4| in. , length of stem from centre of fork to base 3 in. ; probably Roman. PI. V, 10. 14 Pick or hoe of stag's-horn ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 15 Pick or hoe, similar ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 16 Ornament, base of red deer antler, on which a phallus is carved in relief, with three perforations by which it can be suspended as an ornament or charm ; 3 in. diam. 17-18 Pegs (two), bone, with large conical heads ; 3^ and 3 in. London. 19 Piercer, or awl, imperfect ; in original stag-horn handle ; 4$ in. 1. 20 Piercer, stag-horn ; large circular perforation at flattened upper end ; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 21 Piercer, bone, butt end perforated ; 4^ in. 1. Scrutton Street. 22 Perforated bone tool, with spherical head ; 5^ hi. 1. London. 23 Tusk of wild boar, fragment. Bucklersbitry. 24 Disc, bone, with traces of cruciform ornament, and a bone bead. Smithfield. 25 Quoit-shaped object, ivory; Roman ( ?) ; 2^ in. diam. Ivy Lane. 26 A quantity of carbonised wheat grains. Fenchurch Street. 108 THE EOMAN PERIOD. XV. ANTIQUITIES DISCOVERED ON THE SITE OF THE NATIONAL SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY'S PREMISES, WALBROOK. This interesting collection was found during excavations on the above-mentioned site, and is preserved in a case by itself, PI. L, 4. The objects are described and largely illustrated in " Roman Antiquities recently discovered on the site of the National Safe Deposit Company's premises, Mansion House, London," by J. E. Price, F.S.A., London, 1873. The plate- references following the descriptions here below refer to the illustrations in that publication : PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, TOILET IMPLEMENTS, AND LEATHER OBJECTS. 1 Fibula, bronze, highly decorated, cruciform, with movable oblong plate at base ; at the end of the plate is a wire loop, to which a chain was attached ; the whole of the object is inlaid with blue enamel and has two hollows which, probably contained paste ; Late Celtic type. PI. viii, 3. 2 Fibula, bronze, in form of a hare or dog, inlaid with blue enamel ; Late Celtic. PI. viii, 10. 3 Fibula, iron, simple harp form, the spring is formed by spirally coiling the base of the bow ; the bow, spiral and pin are in one piece ; late Celtic. PL viii, 9. 4-5 Fibulae (two), bronze, similar ; Late Celtic. PI. viii, 5 and 8. 6 Fibula, bronze, harp-shaped, plate at base perforated, band of wavy lines down centre of body ; bow, spiral and spring in one ; Late Celtic style of construction. 7 Fibula, similar, with triangular opening, same style of workman- ship. PL viii, 4. 8 Fibula, bronze, prominent ridge on body ; Roman. 9 Fibula, tapering body, two projections at base, strong mid-rib down centre ornamented with incised line ; Roman. PL viii, 6. 10 Fibula, bronze, bow-shaped, with band of dots down centre of body ; Roman. 11 Fibula, bronze pin; Roman. 12 Fibula, bronze, in form of a star, with incised line on face ; Roman. 13--15 Ring fibulae (three), of ordinary type; Roman. PL viii, 7. 16 Hair-pin, bronze, ornamented head ; Roman ; 4| in. 1. ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. 109 17 Hair-pin, bronze, with flattened globular head, the upper portion decorated with incised lines forming a cruciform ornament ; Roman; 4 in 1. PI. ix, 11. 18-19 Hair-pins (two), bronze, with decorated shoulders and flattened circular heads, perforated with small holes ; Roman ; 4| in. 1. . PI. is, 15, and PI. x, 3. 20 Hair-pin, bronze, grooved head ; Roman ; 4f in. 1. 21 Comb, wood, double-edged, with coarse and fine teeth ; imperfect ; perhaps mediaeval ; 3^ in. 1. 22-29 Ear-picks (eight), bronze ; Roman ; 2f X 6 in. PI. ix, 6. 30 Ear-pick, bronze, with unusually thick shaft, and expanding end ; Roman; 6 in. 1. PI. ix, 3. 31 Nail cleaner, bronze, loop formed by thinning out the metal and twisting it round the upper portion of object ; Roman ; 2 in. 1. PL ix, 12. 32 Tweezers, bronze, plain form ; Roman ; 4 in. 1. PI. ix, 1. 33 Strigil, portion of, iron, with unusually small slot in handle ; Roman. 34 Armlet (portion of), of hollow bronze, with piece of coiled wire attached ; Roman. PI. viii, 13. 35 Finger ring, bronze, set with paste intaglio representing a bird ; Roman. PI. viii, 12. 36 Finger ring, bronze, with circular central disc, for enamel inlay ; Roman. 37 Ring, bronze wire, ends coiled together ; Roman. 38 Ring, plain bronze wire ; Roman. 39 Finger ring, iron, set with stone intaglio representing a galley ; Roman. 40 Finger ring, iron, coarse work ; Roman. 41 Needle, bronze, with two holes at different angles ; Roman PI. ix, 14. 42-52 Needles (eleven), bronze, with flattened heads and oblong holes ; Roman ; 4i to 6 in. 1. PI ix, 13. 53-58 Needles (six), iron and bronze; Roman; 2^ to 6| in. 1. 59 Sandal, leather sole, with nails ; Roman ; 8 in. 1. 60 Sandal, sole, with portion of pierced side still attached ; Roman. 61 Sole of sandal, with heel piece ; Roman ; 9 in. 1. 62-63 Caliga soles, two portions, and small piece of pierced leather ; Roman. 64 Caliga (portion), with remains of sides ; Roman. 65 Shoe-strap, composed of three strands of plaited leather; Roman. 66 Sole, with toe piece; Roman; 11 in. 1. 67 Sole, similar, with heel piece in position ; Roman ; 7 in. 1. 68 Sole of child's shoe ; Roman ; 6 in. 1. 69 Shoe (portion), broad, with straps; Roman (?). 70-75 Shoes (six portions of sides), with various types of pierced design ; Roman. 110 ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBEOOK. 76 Caliga, with elaborately-pierced sides, loops above for fastening, sole set with nails ; 10^ in. 1. ; figured p. 76. 77 Shoe, leather, elaborately decorated with pierced lozenge and wheel-shaped design with slashed loops above for fastening ; 10i in. 1. PI. XXXV, 1. MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS OF VARIOUS PERIODS, IN METAL, BONE, AND OTHER MATERIALS. 78 Bolt, for lock, in pewter or lead, the central portion pierced to fit the wards of the key ; Roman ; 5 in. 1. PI. vii, 7. 79 Bowl, bronze, portion of rim and sides, showing primitive riveting ; Late Celtic ( ?). 80 Bowl, wood, ornamented with band of three raised lines on body ; Roman ; 3^ in. L 81 Box, bronze, circular, with engraved ornament on lid ; Roman ; J in. diam. PI. viii, 15. 82 Chain, iron, of " figure-of-eight " links, portion only ; Roman. 83 Chain, portion only, iron, similar, formed by pinching in the centre of the oval loop until the sides touch ; two links are connected by a ring of iron, simply coiled round with overlapping ends ; Roman. 84-87 Chains (four portions), bronze; Roman. PI. x, 8, 9, 10, 11. 88 Sword-handle ( ?), bone, raised lozenge-shaped bosses on surface ; Roman ; 3^ in. 1. 89 Dagger, or pugio, horn handle and grooved blade ; Roman ; 13 in. 1. PL vi, 6. 90 Drill (portion), iron ; Roman ) ?) ; 5| in. 1. 91 Ferrule, bone, tubular form, globular base, with grooved band at junction of base and shaft; Roman (?) ; If in. 92 Handle of patera, bronze, with maker's stamp, SAVGVS. F. ; Roman. 93-94 Handles (two), or mountings, of bronze, of oblong form, with circular centres, which are perforated ; Roman ; 2| in. 1. 95 Handle, bronze, with recurved ends, loops still in position ; Roman. 96-97 Handles (two), plain forms ; Roman. 98 Handle of jug, or ewer, bronze, with projection for thumb, and traces of a hinged lid; Roman (?). 99 Handles (two), iron, recurved ends; Roman; 6 in. 1. 100 Hasp, for lock, iron ; Roman ; 4 in. 1. 101 Hinge, bronze, of plain type ; Roman ; If in. 1. 102 Hinge, iron, of simple form ; Roman ; 6 in. 1. 103-105 Hooks (three), for a door or box, iron; Roman; ty in. 1. 106 Horse-bit, iron, joint in centre, and large ring at each end ; Roman ( ?) ; lOf in. 1. 107 Instrument, iron, with circular edge at one end and square edge at the other, the centre of the object swells out and is square in section; Roman (?) ; 9| in. 1. ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. Ill 108 Instrument, bronze, one end of spatula form, the other terminating in a hook ; Roman ; 4 in. 1. PI. x, 6. 109 Javelin-head, iron, with square-sectioned head and tapering tubular socket ; Roman ( ?) ; 5 in. 1. 110 Javelin-head, same shaped blade, ribbed shoulder and incised bands round base of socket ; Roman ( ?) ; 4 in. 1. 111 Key, of simple curved form, iron ; Late Celtic ; 7| in. 1. 112 Key, bronze, in form of a finger ring ; Roman. 113 Key, iron, bronze handle ornamented with raised bands, end terminating in a knob ; Roman ; 3 in. 1. PI. vii, 4. 114 Key, iron, ring handle, with short wards ; Roman ; 2| in. 1. PI. vii, 3. 115 Key, iron, similar to last; Roman; 1| in. PI. vii, 2. 116 Key, iron, rounded stem, flattened web at right angles, with two teeth; Roman; 4^ in. 1. 117 Key, iron, massive handle, wards having four prongs arranged Z -wise ; Roman ; 7 in. 1. 118 Key, iron, similar, ornament on shaft; Roman ; 6 in. 1. PI. vii, 1. 119 Key, iron, similar, with three teeth ; Roman ; 5 in. 1. PI. vii, 5. 120 Key, iron, ring at end ; T-shaped wards ; Roman ; 6| in. 1. PI. vii, 6. 121 Key, iron, similar ; Roman ; 4^ in. 1. 122 Key, iron, short stem, large open ovate bow ; the flat web has two teeth bent at right angles, and has an oblong slot ; Roman (?) ; 3 in. 1. PI. vii, 8. 123 Key (?), iron, with ring handle, and simple recurved end ; Roman ; 4 in. 1. 124 Knife, curved blade, solid flat tang, ring at base, to which is attached a bronze loop for fastening to girdle; Roman; 9 in. 1., 1^ in. w. base of blade. PI. vi, 1. 125 Knife-blade, iron, with solid bronze ferrule, on which are incised two crossed and two parallel lines ; Roman ; 4 in. 1. 126-128 Knife-blades (three), iron, straight blade, flat tang pierced for two rivets, ring at base; Roman (?) ; 4 in., 4^ in., and 5^ in. 1. 129 Knife, iron, curved blade, iron handle, ornamented with incised lines, ring at end ; Roman ; 10^ in. 1. 130 Knife, formed out of an iron strigil, the handle being formed of two thin plates of metal joined at the ends, with an open space | in. w. between the sides ; Roman ; 8| in. 1., 1 in. w. at blade. 131 Knife, plain bone handle, ring at base ; Roman ; 4| in. 1. PI. vi, 8. 132-133 Knives (two), curved blades, portion of bone handle remaining; Roman ; 6 in. 1. and 8 in. 1. 134 Knife, curved blade, bone handle, ornamented with hatched lines and circle and dot pattern ; Roman ; 4 in. 1. PI. vi, 7. 135 Knife, curved iron blade, solid flat handle terminating in a heart-shaped expansion ; Roman ; 7| in. 1. PI. vi, 3. 112 ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WAL BROOK. 136 Knife, triangular blade, with iron handle of flattened form ; the end of the handle expands, and is at right angles to blade ; Roman ; 5 in. 1. 137 Knife, with long slender tang; 5^ in. total 1., blade 2J in. 1., perhaps half a pair of shears ; Roman. PI. vi, 4. 138 Knife-blade, iron, straight form ; Saxon ( ?) ; 4f in. 1. 139 Lamp, iron, resembling the lower portion of a Scotch crusie ; at the back of the object is a curved projection which is pierced and a swivel inserted ; this is joined above to a short bar terminat- ing in a hook ; Roman ; 9^ in. total 1. , the lamp is in. h. , 3| in. 1. , 2f in. w. PL xi, 2. Note. Although called a lamp-stand in the account of the finds, this object is certainly a lamp, one similar, containing remains of the wick, being in the Bury St. Edmunds Museum. 140 Lock plate, of bronze with L-shaped opening ; Roman ; 3| in. 1. 141-144 Loops (four), iron ; Roman. 145 Loop, bronze, with button end ; Roman. 146 Manacle, iron, composed of oval loop, with simple joint in centre, fastened by a curved hasp passing through a square hole ; to the object is attached a chain of " figure-of-eight links "; Roman; 42 in. PI. xi, 1. 147 Mounting, of yellow bronze, with copper- coloured stud in centre ; the plate has an ornament of incised lines, and the stud two narrow crossed lines on face ; Roman ; 3^ in. 1. 148 Mounting for a strap, bronze, with T-shaped termination and holes for four rivets, two of which remain ; Roman ; 2 in 1. 149 Object, iron, of uncertain use, consisting of a long rod, with simple cross-bar at end ; Roman ; 4^ in. 1. 150 Object, forked, iron, with two feet ; from the side of the base a flat plate projects, which appears to have been inserted in a stand ; Roman ; 2| in. 1. 151 Object, star-shaped, iron, with hole in centre, perhaps for the centre of a window frame ; Roman ; 10 in. diam. 152 Object, spade- shaped, iron, the blade perforated above with two holes, in one of which is a ring ; the shaft is twisted spirally, terminating in a ring ; Roman ; 6^ in. 1. PI. x, 7. 153 Object, spoon-shaped, bronze, long slender stem decorated with circle and dot, swivel attached to basal end, for fastening to a girdle ; Roman ; total 1. 7| in. PL x, 1. 154 Object, curved, portion only, bronze, with embossed ornament ; probably fragment of a gorget; Roman; 2| in. L, 1| in. w. 155 Plate, of bronze, semi-circular form, with incurved ends, having traces of enamel, a copper stud at back ; Late Celtic ; 2 in. 1. 156 Plate, iron, somewhat heart-shaped, with projection above, in which is cut a V-shaped notch ; Roman ; 2 in. 1. 157 Plate, or strip, of bronze, oblong, with two rivets at back ; Roman; 2| in. 1. , 1 in. w. 158-161 Four fragments of bronze, some with rivets ; Roman. ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. 113 162 Plate, iron, flat, with loop attached ; Roman ; 4 in. 163-167 Pegs (five), iron, with looped heads; Roman; 4 to 5| in. 1. 168 Pin, or bolt, iron, chain attached ; Roman ; 7 in. 1. 169 Ring, with loop attached, bronze ; mount for a vase ; Roman ; 2| in. 1. 170 Ring, iron, the ends joined by spirally twisting them together ; an armlet ( ?) ; Roman. 171-172 Rings (two), iron, oval : Roman ; 2 in. and 5 in. 1. 173 Ring, cast iron, portion only, with raised rib in centre, and an indented pattern on each side of rib ; Roman ( ?). 174 Ring, bronze, ornamented, with swivel attached ; Roman. 175 Ring, with two smaller rings attached ; Roman. 176 Scale beam, small, bronze, with rings attached ; Roman ; 4 in. 177 Scale beam, bronze, portion only ; Roman ; 3^ in. PI. x, 5. 178 Seal pendant, brass ; probably modern ; J in. PL viii, 14. 179 Situla, or vase, bronze, with two eared handles and rounded base ; Roman ; If in. h. , 1 in. g. diam. , f in. m. 180 Slab of diorite (?), of oblong form, bevelled under-side, fot mixing or grinding colours; Roman; 4| in. 1., 2| in. w., in. thick. 181 Spatula, iron, with traces of three deeply-incised lines on one face of stem ; Roman ; 6| in. L, f in. w. at blade. 182 Spatula, iron, ornamented on shoulder; Roman; 6| in. L, | in. w. at blade. . 183 Spatula, iron, oblique edge, iron stud at end of handle ; Roman ; 6f in. 1., f in. w. at base of blade. 184-190 Spindles (seven), wood, one 9 in. 1. ; Roman. 191 Spindle (portion), wood, with bone whorl still in position ; Roman. 192 Spindle-whorl, clay ; Roman ; If in. diam. 193-194 Spits or skewers (two), iron, with flattened triangular heads, Roman ; 9^ and 7 in. 1. 195 Pin or nail, iron, with pewter head, on which are two bands of incised lines of chevron pattern ; Roman ; 44 in. 1. 196-209 Spoons, bronze, fourteen, and portions of others, some with spirally-fluted stems ; Roman. PI. ix, 5 to 10. 210-212 Spoons (three) bronze, with circular bowls and long slender shafts, pointed at the end ; Roman ; 4 in. L PI. ix, 16 and 17. 213-216 Spoons, similar, three fragments and larger portion of another, in bone ; Roman. 217 Stylus, iron, slender form, with curious projection at side of erasing end ; Roman ; 5 in. 1. PI. x, 4. 218 Stylus, iron, grooved on shoulder and near base ; Roman ; 6 in. 1. 219 Stylus, iron, with broad eraser, having a band of silver on shoulder ; Roman ; 6 in. 1. 220-269 Styli (fifty), in iron, various types; Roman. PI. v. 114 ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. 270 Stylus (portion), iron, with broad erasing-end ; the point is missing, but the hole in the base of the object is likely to have contained an inserted needle point, similar to the bone specimens ; Roman ; 4| in. 1. 271 Stylus, bone, portion only, hatched lines and chevrons on stem ; Roman. 272 Swivel, iron, portion only ; Roman ; 3 in. 1. 273 Tablet of Kimmeridge shale (imperfect), originally oblong ; the outer edge decorated with a band of three lines terminating in a circle at the corner ; within this border is another ornament of three lines which are not continuous, but terminate in semi-circular curves ; at each end of this is a double circle and dot ; this latter ornament probably occurred in each corner, the outer triple line forming a sort of frame ; perfect specimens have been found at Jordan Hill, near Weymouth ; Roman. 274 Tool, iron, tang for handle, portion only; Roman (?). 275 Tube (portion), bronze; Roman; in. diam. POTTERY, LAMPS, LAMP MOULDS, GLASS, ETC. 576 Urn, dark polished ware, body decorated with design of short incised lines at various angles; probably Late Celtic; 5 in. h., 4f in. m., 6 in. g. diam., 2| in. D. PI. iv, 5. '277 Urn, dark clay, ovoid body, slightly expanding rim, beneath which is a band of five deeply-incised grooves covering the whole of the neck ; the body is plain ; Late Celtic ; B| in. h. , 6 in. g. diam., 5 in. m., 2| in. b. PI. iv, 6. 278-281 Vases, four fragments, one with incised concentric ornament ; Late Celtic (?). 282 Bowl, expanding rim, fine black ware, coarse workmanship, with concentric ornament in centre ; Roman ; 1 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. , 4 in. b. 283 Vase, portion only, coarse greyish-black ware, of ovoid form ; Roman ; 4 in. h. 284 Urn, greyish-black ware, flat globular form ; imperfect ; Roman ; 5 in. h. 285 Vase, base, greyish-black ware ; Roman. 286 Spout of a vessel, light ware ; Roman. 287 Bottle, small, light ware, portion only; Roman. ;288 Bowl, imperfect, light ware, with expanding rirn ; Roman ; 3 in. h., 5^ in. g. diam., 2 in. b. 289 Bottle, light ware, globular body, short neck, grooved handle ; on the front is an incised "graffito"; Roman; 7 in. h., 6 in., g. diam. , 2^ in. b. 290 Bottle, ovoid body ; imperfect ; Roman ; 8 in. h. 291 Bottle, similar; Roman; 6 in. h. , 5 in. g. diam., 2 in. b., If in. m. PI. iv, 2. ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. 115 292 Urn, two portions, light ware, decorated with vertical bands of white slip dots, with band of circles between ; Roman. 293 Vase, bottle-shaped, light ware, the mouth ornamented with ridges, the handle is also ribbed; Roman; 11 in. h., 9 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 3 in. m. PI. iv, 1. 294 Mortarium, Samian ware, with lion's head spout and incised diagonal lines on each side ; imperfect ; Roman. 295 Samian bowl, well-shaped, with overhanging rim, decorated with the lotus ornament ; imperfect ; Roman. 296 Samian bowl, half only, having pewter rivet still in position ; the surface of the rivet is ornamented with hatched lines to match the pattern of the bowl ; Roman. PI. i, 1. 297 Samian bowl, with representation of a hunting scene, stags, dogs and rabbits ; imperfect ; Roman. PL ii, 2. 298 Samian bowl ; imperfect ; with representations of the Roman eagle ; the maker's mark, OF. MTV still remains ; Roman ; 5 in. h. , 10J in. g. diam., 3| in. b. PL i, 2. 299 Samian bowl (imperfect), with tall, straight sides ; Roman ; 5 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 3| in. b. PL iii, 1. 300 Samian bowl ; imperfect ; with the Wolf and Twins in relief, inscribed MAKINVS. F. ; Roman; 4r^ in. h., 9J in. g. diam., 2 in. b. PL ii, 1. 301 Samian bowl ; imperfect ; with nearly straight sides ; Roman ; 1|- in. h. , 3 in. g. diam., If in. b. 302 Samian bowl (imperfect) with constricted body below the rim ; inscribed OF . FELC (?); Roman; 2| in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 2 in. b. 303 Samian bowl; imperfect; Roman; 2| in. h., 4J in. g. diam., 2i in. b. 304 Samian bowl, flat rim, " engine turned " ornament, ridge below rim ; Roman ; 1| in. h. , 3 in. g. diam. , 1 in. b. 305 Half of bowl, boar hunt, inscribed CEKIALIS. ; Roman. 306 Portion of bowl, gladiators fighting ; Roman. PL iii, 2. 307 Portion of straight-sided bowl, gladiators armed with curved sword and shield ; Roman. 308 Portion of bowl, Samian, with representation of a gladiatorial combat ; Roman. 309 Portion of Samian bowl ; Roman. 310-321 Twelve fragments of red Samian ware ; Roman. 322 Tablet containing selection of fragments of Samian ware, with potters' names ; Roman. A list of the names is given in the account of the find. 323-330 Samian ware, with lead rivets (eight fragments), and a lead rivet Roman. 331-332 Samian ware, partially-glazed inside ; two fragments ; Roman. 333 Another fragment, dog and hare coursing ; Roman. 116 ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. 334 Fragments of Samian bowls, some ornamented ; Roman. 335-342 Pottery, of dark brown colour, made in Samian moulds ; eight fragments ; Roman. 343-347 Pseudo-Samian ware, some with painted decoration ; five frag- ments ; Roman. 348-358 Durobrivian or Castor ware, eleven fragments, one inscribed GEMINI .CF, another with scale pattern ; Roman. 359-367 Upchurch ware, nine fragments, chiefly decorated with raised dots ; Roman. 368-370 Pottery, marbled ware, three fragments, one inscribed MANERTVS ; Roman. 371-379 Pottery, " rough cast " ware ; nine fragments ; Roman. 380-382 Pottery, coarse, blackish ware ; three fragments ; Roman. 383 Amphora handle, BOMN ; Roman. 384 Mortarium, portion of run, VIALLA ; Roman. 385-388 Pottery, four fragments of red ware, with incised decoration ; Roman. 389 Lamp, blackish-grey ware : Roman ; 2 in. diam. 390 Lamp, similar, portion only ; Roman. 391 Lamp, three-spouted, micaceous clay ; portion only ; Roman. 392 Lamp, light ware, with horseman in relief ; portion only ; Roman. 393 Lamp-stand, greyish-black ware; Roman; 1^ in. h., 5 in. 1. 394 Lamp-mould, grey clay ; half of upper portion ; Roman. 395 Lamp-mould, lower portion, reddish clay, with maker's mark, FORTIS ( ?) ; Roman ; 6| in. 1. , If in. h. , 4% in. w. 396 Statuette of gladiator, in white clay, showing method of wearing the greaves for the protection of lower portion of legs ; imperfect ; Roman. 397 Object in white clay, portion only; Roman (?). 398-409 Glass vessels, twelve fragments of handles and pillar-moulded bowls ; Roman. 410 Glass bottle ; imperfect ; Roman. 411 " Area finalis," consisting of a fragment of wood, an oyster-shell, fragments of Samian, black and grey ware, etc. ; only in one or two instances do the fragments belong to the same vessel ; Roman. 412-414 Cones (three), Pinus pinea ; 3 in. h. ROMAN COINS. 415 Postumia family, denarius; obverse, head of Diana; reverse, man sacrificing a bull ; sx ABIN. 416 Agrippa, five Ilnd aes ; reverse, Minerva standing ; s. c. 417 Claudius, Ilnd aes ; reverse, Minerva standing ; s. c. ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. 117 418 Claudius, barbarous British copy, Minerva reverse, Ilnd aes. Note. These curious specimens occur in the London district, and may have been of local manufacture, but being struck and nojb cast were probably authorised by the Roman governor. 419 Claudius ; reverse, CERES, a seated figure ; Ilnd aes. 420 Claudius, CERES, similar, Ilnd aes. 421 Claudius, four varieties of the CERES type, Ilnd aes. 422 Antonia ; reverse, T. CLAVDIVS CAESAR PMTRP IMP. ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 13. 423 Antonia, another, similar. 424 Germanicus; obv. figure bearing standard, (SIGNIS) RECEPT (DEVICTIS) GERM; rev. figure in quadriga, GERMANICUS C^SAR. 425 Nero, first brass, coin flattened and pierced by a hole in the centre. 426 Nero ; reverse, VICTORIA AVGVSTI s. c. ; Ilnd aes. Two specimens. PI. xii, 8. 427 Nero ; SECVRITAS AVGVSTI s. c. ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 9. 428 Nero ; MAC AVG s. c. ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 11. 429 Nero ; GENIO AVGVSTI s. c. ; small Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 7. 430 Nero ; winged Victory with globe ; s. c. ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 6. 431 Nero ; two others, Victory type ; Ilnd aes. 432 Vespasian ; altar, PROVIDENT s. c. ; Ilnd aes. PL xii, 12. 433 Vespasian ; an eagle, s. c. ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 14. 434 Vespasian ; FIDES PVBLICA s. c. ; Ilnd aes. 435 Vespasian ; AEQVITAS. ; Ilnd aes. 436 Vespasian ; Victory ( ?) ; Ilnd aes. 437 Vespasian ; AVGVSTI s. c. ; seated figure ; Ilnd aes. 438 Vespasian ; TRI POT, a seated figure ; denarius. 439 Domitian ; FORTVNA AVGVSTI. ; Ilnd aes, PI. xii, 10. 440 Domitian ; reverse illegible ; Ilnd aes. 441 Domitian ; MONETA AVGVSTI ; Ilnd aes. 442 Nerva ; TR. POT. s. c. ; female standing ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 3. 443 Trajan ; PMTRP cos mi pp. ; Victory standing on the prow of a galley; denarius. PI. xii, 1. 444 Trajan ; TRPO. ; seated figure ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 5. 445 Trajan ; SENATVS POPVLVS QVE ROMANVS FORT REDVX ; Ilnd aes. 446 Trajan ; SPQR OPTIMO PRINCIPI ; Ilnd aes. 447 Hadrian ; Spes ( ?) type ; s. c. ; 1st aes. 448 Hadrian ; type of abundance ; s. c. ; 1st aes. 449 Hadrian ; VIRTVTI AVGVSTI ; Ilnd aes. 450 Hadrian ; cos in Salus ( ?) ; Ilnd aes. 451 Hadrian ; MONETA AVGVSTI. ; Ilnd aes. PI. xii, 2. 118 ROMAN ANTIQUITIES, WALBROOK. 452 Hadrian ; HILAKITAS PR ( ?) cos in ; Ilnd aes. 453 Hadrian ; PMTR ; Ilnd aes. 454 Hadrian ; illegible reverse ; Ilnd aes. 455 Antoninus Pius ; PMTRP ; Fortune with rudder and cornucopia ; Ilnd aes (?). PI. xii, 4. 456 Antoninus Pius ; illegible reverse ; Ilnd aes. VARIOUS OBJECTS OF THE MEDIAEVAL AND OTHER PERIODS. 457 Rod, of iron, with two oblong perforations near the centre, deco- rated with incised crossed lines ; probably mediaeval ; 5| in. 1. 458 Kev, iron, of simple form, with ring at top ; probably mediaeval ; 2-| "in. 1. 459-460 Leather objects (two), pear-shaped, ornamented with pierced floral and scroll-work design ; mediaeval ; 5f in. and 6 in. 1. 461-463 Leather leaf-shaped objects (three), with scalloped edges ; mediaeval ; 5^ in. and 5J in. 1. 464 Belt, leather, broad, with needle-holes in four straight lines ; portion only ; mediaeval ; 3 in. w. 465 Leather, large portion, with pierced leaf-shaped design at regular intervals ; mediaeval. 466 Child's shoe; portion; XVII Cent. 467 Shoe, in four portions ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. 468 Heel of shoe, of wood covered with leather ; mediaeval. 469 Ring, iron, and portion of crow-bar ; uncertain period. 470 Cooking-pot, brass ; imperfect ; mediaeval. 471-478 Ring, flat, iron, 5 in. diam. ; iron staple, link of chain, two hasps for locks, bucket-handle with loops, spindle-shaped object, curious pronged instrument, and iron chisel with tubular socket ; Roman and mediaeval. 479 Spear-head, iron, blade of lozenge section, and octagonal socket ; XVI Cent. (?); 12| in. 1. 480 Spear-head, short, iron, leaf-shaped blade, tubular socket ; im- perfect ; XV XVI Cent. 481 Iron nails, bolts, rivets, bronze vase handle, and other fragmentary Roman and mediaeval objects on tablet. 482 Tablet, containing bits, gouge, and other tools ; Roman and mediaeval. 483-484 Spouts (two) of vessels, and a moulded rib glass ; Venetian. 485 Two human skulls, horse and ox teeth ; fossil shells and fossil crab ; various periods. 119 V. THE ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD. COLLECTIVE FINDS: CHEAPSIDE AND DORCHESTER. 1 Fibula, circular, of cast pewter, with seven raised bosses separated by beads and lines ; beaded edge, with hole in centre for a small glass paste bead ; 1 in. PI. LIV, 2. Cheapside. . 2 Fibula, similar; ! in. diam. PI. LIV, 4. 3 Fibula, with cabled pattern on body, glass boss in centre ; 1 in. diam. PI. LIV, 3. 4 Fibula, with solid boss in_ centre and eight large, beaded projec-. tions round the outer circumference, the edge is scalloped ; 1A in. diam. PI. LIV, 7. 5 Fibula, similar type ; 1^ in. diam. PI. LIV, 6. 6-9 Fibulae (four), cable pattern, with glass boss in centre ; 1 in. diam. PI. LIV, 8 to 11. 10 Fibula, with beaded border and circular disc in centre, orna- mented with scrolls ; If in. diam. PI. LIV, 5. 11-26 Fibulae (sixteen), of circular form, ornamented with raised con- centric lines and short lines between each circle ; the centre is composed of a glass boss (missing in a few instances) ; f in. to 1 in. diam. PI. LIV, 12. 27-32 Finger-rings (six), of twisted silver wire ; | in. diam. PI. LIV, 1 (upper six). 33-38 Rings (six), pewter, for ring fibulae ; 1 in. diam. PI. LIV, 1 (lower six). 39-43 Beads (five) ; three double and two single ones, of globular form, ornamented with raised circles, ovals, etc. PI. LIV, 13. The above interesting series (Nos. 1 to 43) of cicrular fibulae, beads and finger-rings were found together ; they are nearly all of pewter, and all, except the rings of twisted wire, appear to be cast. They were found in Cheapside, opposite Bow Church, and are of the IX X Cent. 44 Fibula, perforated in centre, and decorated with raised concentric lines on face ; liVin. diam. Dorchester, Oxon. 45-46 Fibulae (two), bronze, circular, front decorated with circle and dot ornament ; 1 A. in. diam. 47 Chape, iron, for a dagger sheath ; 3 in. 1. 48 Plate or mounting, bronze-gilt, decorated with beaded lines ; 1& in. 1. 49 Plate, flat, bronze, circular, pierced with two oblong slots ; per- haps a back for a fibula ; If in. diam. 120 ANGLO-SAXON ORNAMENTS AND OTHER OBJECTS. 50 Shield-boss, iron, circular, with projection in centre ; 5 in. diam. , 3 in. h. 51 Spear-head, iron, lozenge-shaped blade, cleft socket ; 8 in. 1. 52 Spear-head, iron, tapering blade, long cleft socket ; 8| in. 1. Nos. 44-52 above, were discovered, with an interment, in the Thames Valley at Dorchester. PERSONAL ORNAMENTS AND REQUISITES, METAL. 53 Bead, of dull red paste, with pattern in white lines, yellow dots between. PI. LI, 3. Thames, Wandsworth. 54 Bead, large, of green glass, with prominent ribs on body : Roman. PL LI, 10. 55 Bead, of terra-cotta. PI. LI, 5. Thames, London Bridge. 56-59 Beads (four), various, of stone and glass. PI. LI, 4, 6, 7, 9. Milk Street, etc. 60 Bead, globular, of crystal. PI. LI, 8. London. 61 Beads, a string of, various, in glass and glass plate; Anglo-Saxon. London. 62-63 Beads ; two strings of glass and stone beads. Dowgate Hill. 64 Beads, of various types ; mostly Saxon. London Bridge, Holborn Viaduct, etc. 65-67 Beads (three), of cornelian, ground with seven facets ; Arab. PI. LI, 11. Cannon Street. 68 Buckle, bronze, of triangular form ; 2| in. 1. 69 Buckle, bronze, ornamented with the circle and dot, somewhat in form of a horse's head ; If in. 1. London. 70 Buckle, bronze, of square form, with flat strap of bronze at end, on which is incised a chevron bordered with double lines ; 1 in. 1. London Wall. 71 Chatelaine, in bronze, the upper portion has a flattened circular expansion above ; the shaft is ribbed horizontally, the lower portion terminating in a snake's head, the mouth of which forms the swivel, to this is attached a square pendant with an embossed face at each corner, from which depend three chains of figure of eight links, varying in length, one of them with a swivel and loop ; X XI Cent.; 15^ in. 1. PI. LIII, 11. 72 Chatelaine, bronze, similar to the above but not ornamented ; X XI Cent.; 16* in. 1. PI. LIII, 12. 73 Chain, bronze wire, fragment, composed of three twisted links, with loops at ends, by which the links are connected ; perhaps portion of a loop for a drinking horn. PI. LIII, 10. 74 Ferrule (?), silver, three portions, ornamented with incised interlaced scroll-work and a dragon ( ?). PI. LIV, 17-19. London. 75 Fibulae (two), pins only, bronze ; 3 in. 1. London Wall. 76-77 Fibulae (two), rings only ; 1 in. diam. Thames. ANGLO-SAXON ORNAMENTS AND OTHER OBJECTS. 121 78 Forked object, bronze, perforated at the base, ornamented with circle and dot ; perhaps the pendant of a scale beam ; probably Roman or early Anglo-Saxon ; 2-f in. 1. 79 Fork-like implement, bronze, with short, ridged base ; probably Anglo-Saxon ; 2 in. 1. London Wall. 80 Brass disc, circular, on which are embossed two horned animals, back to back ; probably XI cent. Fresh Wharf. 81 Bronze object, with loop above for suspension ; 2f in. 1. London Wall. 82 Bronze object, of flat form, one end perforated for suspension, the other having an oblong expansion ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 83 Hook, bronze, the base terminating in the head of an animal ; 2^ in. 1. London Wall. 84 Pendant, bronze, with band of short hatched lines on edge and a cross with expanding limbs in the centre ; 1^ in. 1. , f in. w. 85 Pendant, composed of a flat, oval pebble, perforated at one end ; ( ?) Anglo-Saxon ; | in. 1. PI. LI, 2. Thames, Battersea. 86 Pin, bronze, with large globular head, on which is incised a pattern of chevrons, lines, and dots; late Anglo-Saxon (?) ; 3 in. 1. Temple. 87 Pin, bronze, with movable ring head ; Irish type ; 6 in. 1. PI. LI, 13. London Wall. 88 Plate, bronze, object consisting of a flat circular plate, pierced with a looped rivet, from which depends a chain of closely-linked wire, at the opposite end of chain is a loop of wire joined by twisting the two ends ; 8 in. 1. Lime Street. 89 Tag for a strap, bronze, ornamented with the figure of a hare or rabbit in the centre, at the base is a rudely-formed animal's head, at the upper end is a tau (?) shaped emblem within a semi-circle, the whole device surrounded by a beaded border ; X Cent. ; If in. 1. PL LXIX, 6. London Wall, 1901. 90 Tweezers and nail-cleaner, in bronze, of Roman type, on swivel ; 2| in. 1. PERSONAL REQUISITES, BONE AND HORN. 91 Mount, bone, for a girdle (?), tongue-shaped and carved on the face with two mythical animals, and perforated across the top with four rivet-holes ; on the back appears to be scratched an [x] and various other marks; 1 in. w., 2^ in. 1. PI. LII, 14. London. 92 Drinking horn, portion only, ornamented with parallel lines, circles and dots. PI. LIII, 9. 93 Pendant, formed of the burr end of an antler pierced in the centre ; imperfect. PI. LII, 13. 94-95 Pins (two), bone, perforated heads. 96 Bone pendant, ornamented with the circle and dot ; 3f in. 1. PI. LII, 6. London Wall. 97 Tweezers, bone, the end of the handle terminating in an ear-pick ; 2| in. 1. PI. LII, 5. Lothbury. 98 Tweezers, bone, and ear-pick combined ; 3 in. 1. PI. LII, 4. 122 ANGLO-SAXON BONE AND HORN OBJECTS. 99 Engraver's trial piece (?), of flat bone, ornamented with inter- laced scroll-work; 6 in. 1. PI. LT, 17. London Wall. 100 Comb, bone, for weaving, of narrow form with long teeth ; im- perfect ; | in. w., 4f in. 1. PI. LII, 11. 101 Comb, portion, bone, with diagonal lines on bar. London. 102 Comb, bone, back only ; 3| in. 1. Tokenhouse Yard. 103 Comb, two portions, bone, ornamented with circles ; 4 and 4 in. PI. XXXIV, 10, 11. Tokenhouse Yard. 104 Comb, bone, back only, circle and dot ornament. PI. LIV, 16. Cloak Lane. 105 Comb, bone, with row of teeth on each side, having a central cross- bar ornamented with the circle and dot ; 5 in. 1. , If in. w. PI. XXXIV, 16. Queen Victoria Street. 106 Comb, bone, with single row of teeth, the bar ornamented with incised diagonal lines ; imperfect. PI. LIV, 14. 107 Comb, bone, with short handle at one end, ornamented with in- cised lines ; IX X Cent. ; portion only. 108 Comb, bone ; portion of another, similar, with a shaped projection on back at one end, ornamented with the circle and dot ; IX X Cent. PI. LIV, 15. Cloak Lane. 109-113 Handles (five), bone, of slender form, ornamented with the circle and dot. PL LII, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12. Tokenhouse Yard, etc. 114 Pommel of sword, in bone, of somewhat fan-shaped form ; 1| in. 1., 2| in. w., 1 in. b. PI. LI, 12. London Wall. 115 Knife, with blade somewhat lozenge-shaped, and bone handle, on one side of which is incised an owner's mark X ; 6| in. London Wall. 116 Handle, portion, in bone, both sides engraved with inter- laced angular and geometric designs ; 2| in. 1. PI. LI, 16. London. 117 Pin, bone, with faintly-engraved lines on the head ; portion only. 118 Pin, bone, with an interlaced ornament somewhat resembling a human face ; portion only. PI. LII, 1. 119 Pin, bone, with cruciform head, having a circular perforation near the shoulder, and incised lines on the head ; 3f in. 1. PI. LII, 2. Gracechurch Street. 120 Needle, bone, the head engraved with hatched lines and a faintly- scratched line running from the eye down towards the point ; 6i in. 1. 121 Pin, bone, with similar line from eye towards the point ; 5 in. 1. 122 Implement, bone, with perforated fan-shaped head and round- edged chisel-like point ; Anglo-Saxon ( ?) ; 4| in. 1. PI. LII, 3. Austin Friars. 123-124 Dice (two), bone ; 1 re in. diam. Little Bell Alley. 125 Die, bone ; i in. diam. London Wall. WEAPONS AND TOOLS. 126 Arrow-head, iron, with socketed, leaf-shaped blade ; 2f in. 1. Thames, 1867. ANGLO-SAXON WEAPONS AND TOOLS. 12; 127 Arrow-head, iron, similar ; 2f in. Thames, Old Swan Lane. 128 Arrow-head, iron, with socket, and lozenge-shaped blade ; 3| in. 1. Thames, 1867. 129 Axe-head, iron, ovate shaft-hole and expanding blade ; 7 in. w. Botolph Wharf. 130 Axe-head, iron, oval shaft-hole and sides equally curved towards edge, which is 3 in. w. ; the object is ?| in. deep. Thames, P t utney. 131 Axe-head, iron, sub-rectangular shaft-hole ; the blade expands suddenly towards the edge ; 3 in. w. , 6 in. deep. PI. LIII, 3. Thames. 132 Axe-head, iron, with sub- triangular shaft-hole ; the blade is 2| in. w. at cutting edge; 4| in. deep. Thames. 133 Axe-head, iron, ovate shaft-hole, the blade expands to an oblique cutting edge 3^ in. w. ; the object is 5| in. deep. PL LIII, 5. Austin Friars. 134 Bell, iron, of flattened form, with loop above, the clapper is also of iron ; 4^ in. h. , 2| x 2| in. diam. Southwark Bridge Road. 135 Bell, iron, similar; 6 in. h., 3| X 3^ in. diam. Same locality. 136 Dagger, with tapering blade and flat broad tang, having rivets in position, the bronze ferrule at base of blade is If in. 1., and has squared ends ; 10| in. 1., 1 in. w. at b. of blade. PL LIII, 1. London. 137 Javelin-head, with open socket and tapering, straight-sided blade ; 4i in. 1. London. 138 Knife, or lancet, iron, of small size, with long tang ; Anglo- Saxon (?). London. 139 Knife-blade, iron, with straight back, curved edge, and a long, broad tang ; probably Anglo-Saxon ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 140 Knife, short blade and long tang ; 4% in. 1. Barge Yard. 141 Knife, iron, curved back, and short, broad tang ; 5 in. 1. Anglo- Saxon. London. 142 Knife, long and slender blade, tang for handle ; 6^ in. 1. Anglo- Saxon (?). London. 143 Knife, with curious shoulder at back of blade, towards the point ; 6i in. 1. Anglo-Saxon (?). 144 Knife-blade, with tang for handle; 5^ in. 1. Anglo-Saxon (?). London. 145 Knife-blade, short, narrow form, with long stout tang ; 4| in. 1. Anglo-Saxon (?). London. 146 Knife-blade, with end cut off at an angle ; 6 in. 1. Early form, perhaps Anglo-Saxon. London. 147 Knife-blade, slender form, with curved end and long, stout tang. Anglo-Saxon (?). London 148 Rivets, iron, or clinching nails, from a ship ; 2 in. to 3 in. 1. Thames Street. 149 Shears, pair of, iron ; 8 in. 1. London. 124 ANGLO-SAXON WEAPONS AND TOOLS. 150 Spear-head, iron, leaf-shaped blade ; 6^ in. 1. London. 151 Spear-head, iron, with open socket and tapering, lozenge-shaped blade; 9 in 1. PL LIII, 4. Mansion House.. 152 Spear-head, similar ; imperfect. PL LIII, 2. Thames. 153 Spear-head, iron, with groove on either face of blade, to one side oi centre ; 9| in. 1. Thames. 154 Spear-head, iron, with open socket and broad, leaf-shaped blade ; 13| in. 1. Thames. 155 Spear-head, iron, similar, with open socket ; 13^ in. 1. PL LIII, 8. Thames. 156 Spear-head, iron, the socket is decorated with concentric grooves, and contains a portion of the shaft, the blade is narrow ; 18 in. 1. Thames. 157 Spear-head, iron, with open socket and narrow, tapering blade ; 12i in. 1. PL LIII, 7. 158-159 Spear-heads (two), iron, similar; 10i in. 1. PL LIII, 6. South- work; Thames, Hammersmith. 160 Spear-head, iron, leaf -shaped blade ; 5 in. 1. Smithfield, 1865. 161 Spear-butt, with open socket, and tapering solid point ; 6 in. 1. 162 Spear-butt, iron ; 4 in. 1. , 1 in. diam. 163 Sword, iron; 23 in. L, 2 in. w. at hilt. London. MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS. 164 Vase, small, of red terra-cotta, with unusual embossed ornament on body, it is a compound of X X and squares, and the base has a device of a star and a cross combined ; Frankish ; 2| in. h., 3| in. diam. PL LI, 14. Aldermanbury. 165 Vase, in coarse-grained red terra-cotta; 4^ in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 4^ in. m. Lombard Street, 1866. 166 Urn, in light clay, with two bands of indented pattern round upper portion of body; 5 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3 in. m., 2| in. b. PL LI, 15. 167 Fragment of large vase, coarse ware, with indented marks on outer surface ; 9 x 9 in. Thames, Hammersmith. 168 Bowl of an unguentarium, green glass ; probably Anglo-Saxon ; If in, diam. Smithfield, 1865. 169 Hoard of silver coins of Edward the Confessor. Gracechurch Street. 170 Crozier ; head of a crozier, brass, the crook terminating in a grotesque head, the shaft decorated with raised bands of cable pattern ; late Saxon or early Norman. PL LI, 1. Smithfield, 1868. J.B.A.A., xxiv, p. 273. 171 Portion of coffin slab, or tomb stone, with deeply-incised inter- laced ornament ; 2 ft. x 1 ft. 9 in. DANISH OBJECTS. 125 172 Horse-shoe, iron, with ends tapering to a point ; 4 in. d. ; ? Saxon. Dowgate Dock, 1850. DANISH OBJECTS. 173 Danish monumental stone of the XI Century, being the upper and decorated portion of the head-stone of a grave. The present dimensions are 24 x 21 X 4: in., but an illustration appended by Mr. C. C. Rafn to his " Remarks " on the stone, published by the Society of Northern Antiquaries in 1854, shows a lower portion without ornament which was probably fixed in the ground. One face only is sculptured, and this bears the design of a fantastic-looking quadruped, with head turned backward, a long protruding tongue, great claws, and two horns. Interlaced with this figure is that of another with a smaller head, perhaps intended for a dragon. On the left edge of the stone, which is divided by an incised line lengthwise into two portions, is a runic inscription in two lines, the characters standing foot to foot, and the inscription beginning and ending with the lower portion of the stone. The inscription is translated by Mr. Rafn : KONAL AND TUKI CAUSED THIS STONE TO BE LAID. Mr. Charles E. Keyser, M.A., F.S.A., in his "List of Norman tympana," describes the design as that of " a stag with serpents twined round it, possibly typifying Virtue hampered by the Vices." PI. LVII. Premises of Messrs. Cook, Sons & Co., south side of St. Paul's Churchyard, 1852. Arch. Jo., x, pp. 82-3; xlii, pp. 251-9. 174 Cylindrical bone object, with incised zoomorphic design, and inter- laced work ; 1| in. h., 1J in. diam. PI. XCIX, 4. St. Martin' s-le- Grand, 1870. 175 Portion of one of the piles of Canute's Trench, A.D. 1016 ; 67 in. 1., 7 in. diam. Southward. 126 VI. THE MEDI/EVAL AND LATER PERIODS. I. BKOOCHES, RINGS, AND PINS. BROOCHES. 1 Brooch, bronze, pin across centre, rim ornamented with raised quatrefoil bosses at intervals ; the edge is beaded ; Norman ; 1^ in., diam. Gresham Street. 2 Ring brooch, bronze, with a boss on each side of central shaft ; early Norman ; J in. diam. Southwark. 3 Ring brooch, bronze, with ribbed face ; Norman ; f in. diam. London Wall. 4 Ring brooch, bronze, the upper half is spirally fluted, the lower portion plain ; 1^ and 1 in. diam. 5 Brooch, bronze, of square form, with raised bosses at the corners, in which glass pastes have been set, with boss at base of pin; 1 in. 6 Ring brooch, brass, frame broad and flat, decorated with minute dots ; the pin has a projection on the shoulder ; Norman ; -| in. diam. Southwark. 7 Ring brooch, bronze, with hatched lines on part of pin ; 2 in. d. 8 Ring brooch, bronze, plain pin; 1| in. d. 9 Brooch, brass, repousse, representing the reverse of a penny of Henry II, bearing the moneyer's mark GOTPINE ON GLOPCI ; | in. diam. London. 10 Ring brooch, brass, with an expansion in the form of an animal's head at the place where the point of the pin falls into position ; 2^ in. diam. 11 Ring brooch, brass, with beaded ornament on ring ; 1 in. diam. 12 Ring brooch, brass, circular, with square-sectioned pin; XIII- XIV Cent. ; 2 in. diam. London Wall. 13 Ring brooch, brass, with small projection in form of a serpent's head ; XV Cent. ( ?) ; 2 in. diam. Austin Friars. 14- 19 Ring brooches (six), brass, of plain types ; & to 1| in. diam. 20 Ring brooch, brass, with central shaft, to which pin is attached ; inscribed o MATER DEI MEMENTOK MEI OKA -f- ; XIV (?) Cent. ; 2 in. diam. Southwark. 21 Brooch, pewter, with representation of a galley (as on the coins of Henry VI), within a feathered border ; XV Cent. ; 1| in. diam. London Wall. 22 Ring brooch, brass, circular, with stout pin ; XV Cent. ; 1| in. diam. London Wall. MEDIEVAL BROOCHES AND RINGS. 127 23 Brooch, pewter, with bust in centre, coarse work ; XV ( ?) Cent. ; If in. diam. London. 24 Brooch, pewter, in the shape of a flower ; Tudor period ; | in. diam. 25 Brooch, pewter, lozenge form, with fioreated projection ; Tudor period ; 1 ^ in. diam. 26 Brooch, pewter, with cast representation of the obverse of an angel of Henry VII (?); Tudor; 1^ in. diam. London. 27 Ring brooch, pewter, with knobbed projections at intervals ; on the front are various letters, apparently meaningless ; XVI Cent. ; 1 in. diam. London. 28 Ring brooch, pewter, with illegible inscription ; XVI Cent. ; in. diam. 29 Brooch, pewter, with obverse of a Nuremberg jetton ; XVI Cent. ; 14 in. diam. 30 Brooch, pewter, with Tudor rose in centre ; XVI Cent. ; If in. diam. London. 31 Brooch, pewter, with ornament resembling the obverse of a Nuremberg jetton ; XVI Cent. ; 1 in. diam. 32 Ring brooch, pewter, with embossed S round ring ; imperfect. 33 Ring brooch, pewter, ornamented with circles divided by lines, no pin ; 1^ in. 34 Buckle, brass, circular, with stout pin ; XV XVI Cent. ; If in. diam. London Wall, 1902. FINGER RINGS. 35 Finger-ring, gold, reputed to have formerly belonged to Sir Thomas Gresham. The ring is of the finest gold, with plain band. The front is circular, and is cut for a seal, which consists of the merchant's mark of Sir Thomas Gresham and the initials T. G. On the inner side is the following inscription : " Presented to the Rt. Hon ble John Pirie, Lord Mayor, by John Newman, of the Bridge House, Southwark, being the commercial ring of Sir Tho 5 ' Gresham, 17 Jan>- 1842." The ring weighs 18 dwt., and its dimensions are as follows: diam. from front to back, 1/jy in. ; diam. from side to side, 1 in. ; diam. of circular seal, f in. Said to have been found during the con- struction of the approaches to New London Bridge. PI. LXXXVI, 10. 36 Finger- ring, gold, with deeply-incised inscription ( ?) on front ; XVI XVII Cent. PL LXXXVI, 5. London. 37 Finger-ring, silver, engraved with letter M. ; XVI Cent. Ken nard's Wharf, 1870. 38 Finger-ring, silver, set with antique glass paste ; XVIII Cent. 39 Finger-ring, bronze, the front engraved with signs or letters ; XVI Cent. London. 40 Ring, bone, lathe made ; 1 fa m - diam. London Wall. 128 MEDIAEVAL RINGS AND PINS. 41 Finger-ring, brass; XIII XIV Cent. London (?). 42 Finger-ring, brass, with oval bezel, on one side of which, in relief, is a dog's head, on the other that of a pheasant ; XIV Cent. London. 43 Finger-ring, brass, with circular depression for stone ; XIV XV Cent. London. 44 Posy-ring, inscribed, " I love you." 45 Finger-ring, brass, of plain design ; XVI Cent. London Wall. 46 Finger-ring, brass ; imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. 47 Finger-ring, brass ; probably XVII Cent. London. 48 Finger-ring, brass, with glass paste representing an open hand ; probably XVII Cent. PI. LXXXVI, 12. London. 49 Finger-ring, copper gilt, with coat of arms on bezel ; XVII Cent. PI. LXXXVI, 6. London. 50 Finger-ring, iron, with large circular disc front ; XVII Cent. 51 Finger-ring, bronze, with S T and compound of figure four (merchant's mark) ; XVI XVII Cent. PI. LXXXVI, 7. London. 52 Finger-ring, pewter band, having circular silver disc in front, on which is incised a figure of a saint, bearing a pyx; probably XIII Cent. ; f in. diam. London. 53 Finger-ring, brass, with two sockets from which settings have disappeared ; XVI Cent. ; f in. diam. London. 54 Finger-ring, brass or bronze, with oblong bezel (setting gone) ; XVIII ( ?) Cent. ; J in. diam. London. 55-62 Finger-rings (eight), various, in gold and copper gilt; French; XVIII XIX Cent. PINS. 63 Pin, with silver stem, and globular pewter head ; probably Tudor ; 2| in 1. London Wall. 64 Pin, silver (?), with globular head, grooved in the centre; Tudor; 1^ in. 1. London Wall. 65 Hair-pin, of bronze or brass, with " crutched " handle ; XV Cent. ; 4i in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 17. London Wall. 66 Toilet pin, bronze or brass, with female bust at head ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 16. London. 67-79 Toilet pins (thirteen), brass, some with acorns and other shaped heads; XV XVII Cent. PI. XXV, 10. London Wall. 80-102 Pins (twenty-three), brass, of small size ; one with flat head, * incised above ; XV XVII Cent. London Wall, etc. 103-119 Pins (sixteen), brass, many with large hollow heads; circa XVI Cent. London. 120 Pin, brass, with flattened globular head, the upper portion of which is decorated with raised dots ; Tudor ; 2 in. 1. London Wall. 121 Pin, brass, six-sided head ; Tudor ; 2 in 1. London Wall. MEDIAEVAL PINS AND BODKINS. 129 122 Pin, brass, with globular head ; Tudor ; 4 in 1. London Wall. 123 Hair-pin, brass, with globular head, upon which is placed a covering of thin plaited wire ; Tudor ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 124 Hair-pin, brass wire ; the upper portion is in the form of an oval, made by twisting the two limbs together in the centre ; Tudor; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 125 Hair-pin, simple type, of brass wire; Tudor; 34 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 126 Hair-pin, brass wire, of ordinary form ; Tudor ; 2A in. 1. London Wall. 127 Pin, brass, with flattened globular head, on the upper portion of which is a group of raised dots ; XVI Cent. ; 1 if in. 1. London Wall. 128 Pin, of plain brass wire, one limb twisted round the end of the other ; XVT Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London Wall. 129-138 Toilet pins (ten), brass ; XVI XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. to 5 in. 1. London Wall, etc. 139 Pin, brass, with globular head of pewter ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. London Wall. 140 Pin, brass, with small globular head ; XVIII Cent. London Wall. 141-152 Pins (twelve), brass wire, of various periods. London Wall. 153 Pin, iron, with small coral head, of globular form ; probably Tudor ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 154 Hair-pin, iron wire ; Tudor ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 155 Mount, gold, small, decorated and set with a pearl in centre, probably top of a hair pin; Tudor. Tabernacle Street, 1902. BODKINS. 156 Bodkin, silver, with engraved ornamentation and initials V.M. ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. PI. LXXXVIII, 2. Near Waterloo Bridge, Surrey Side. 157 Bodkin, silver, with engraved initials E. B. ; XVII Cent, j 5 in. 1. PI. LXXXVIII, 4. Near Waterloo Bridge, Surrey Side. 158 Bodkin, silver-plated, engraved with roses and the initials r. D., with ear-pick ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. PI. LXXXVIII, 1. London Wall. 159 Bodkin, silver-plated, with ear-pick ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. PI. LXXXVIII, 3. London Wall. 160 Bodkin, silver-plated, engraved with flowers and guilloche pat- tern, without ear-pick ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 161 Bodkin, silver-plated, without ear-pick ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 162 Bodkin, bone, with rectangular eye between four circular perfora- tions, and terminating in an ear-pick ; 5f in. 1. London. 163 Bodkin, huntsman's ( ? ), bone handle, and eye at upper end ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Park Street, Southwark. 10 130 MEDIAEVAL BUCKLES. 164 Bodkin, iron, with oval eye and triangular point; Tudor; 6 in. 1. London Wall. THIMBLES. 165 Thimble, brass ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. h. London Wall. 166 Thimble, brass ; XV XVI Cent. ; | in. h. 167 Thimble, brass ; XVI XVII Cent. ; i in. h. London. 168 Thimble, brass; XVII Cent. ; f in. h., f in. diam. London Wall. 169-170 Thimbles (two) ; J in. and & in. h. London. 171 Thimble ; more modern type ; f in. h. THE MEDLEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. II. BUCKLES, BUTTONS, COMBS, ETC. BRASS AND BRONZE BUCKLES. 1 Buckle, of hollow cast bronze, the edges decorated with cable moulding ; the lower end has a flat oval plate in which is a trefoil, the upper portion is oblong and has an incised letter s~\ . Circa XV Cent. ; 3| X 3| in. PI. LXXXVIII, 15. 1 C 2 Buckle, bronze, rectangular, with pin, ornamented with scallop shells at ends. 3 Buckle, bronze, wide form, with engraved designs of wavy lines ; the strap plate perforated with trefoil ornament, probably for a sword belt; XV Cent. ; 2 x 1 in. 4 Buckle, bronze, rectangular, with rectangular loop attached to frame. 5 Buckle, bronze, with strap plate. Thames, London. 6 Buckle of cast bronze ; 2 in. 1. , 1 in. w. 7-10 Buckles (four), bronze, one stirrup-shaped. Various localities. 11 Buckle, brass, circular, with fixed central crossbar ; XIV Cent. ; 2J in. diam. Southwark. 12 Buckle, brass, oval, with incised decoration. XIV Cent. London Wall. ' 13 Buckle, small brass, with strap plate ; XIV Cent. 14 Buckle, brass, ornamented, the strap plate perforated at the end ; XIV Cent. 15 Buckle, brass, strap plate ornamented with an engraved design ; XIV XV Cent. 16 Buckle, brass, the long strap plate ornamented with various letters; XIV XV Cent. Brooks' Wharf. MEDIEVAL BUCKLES. 131 17 Buckle, brass, with long strap plate, on which is riveted a small open-work plate, with embossed ornament ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2J X 1 in. 18 Buckle, brass, circular, with cross bar; XIV XV Cent.; If in. diam. London. 19 Buckle, brass, bow form, the flat face decorated with floral sprays ; circa XV Cent. ; 1| in. d. London Wall. 20 Buckle, brass, somewhat bow-shaped, with iron pin, ornamented on front, which is incurved, with sprays of leaves ; XV Cent. ; 2^ in. 1. London Wall. 21 Buckle, brass, of broad form ; bar and flat plate decorated with incised wavy lines ; XV Cent. ; 2 X IB in. London Wall. 22 Buckle, brass, circular, with central shaft ; XV Cent. ; -fs in. diam. London Wall. 23 Buckle, brass, circular, with trefoil ornament ; XV Cent. 24 Buckle, brass, elliptical, with embossed and perforated strap plate ; XV Cent. 25 Buckle, brass, with flat strap plate attached ; XV Cent. 26 Buckle, brass, oblong, the central pin prolonged to form a hook ; XV Cent, ; 1^ in. w. London Wall. 27 Buckle, brass, oval, with ends grooved ; XV Cent. ; f in. 1. London Wall. 28 Buckle, brass, oval, with recurved ends, brass strap attached to shaft ; XV Cent. ; If in. diam. London Wall. 29 Buckle, brass, oval, one side consisting of a slender rod, to which the pin is attached, the other being broad and flat, upon this are what appear to be incised letters, divided by groups of wavy lines ; circa XV Cent. ; 2f X If in. Southwark. 30 Buckle, brass, end prolonged in the form of a scallop shell ; XV Cent. ; 2& in. diam. London Wall. 31 Bnckle, brass, somewhat square in form ; XV Cent. ; 1^ in. 1. London Wall. 32 Buckle, brass, with strap plate ; instead of a pin, a piece of embossed metal folds doAvn on the strap after it passes through the ring, and pressing on it keeps it in place ; XV Cent. 33 Buckle, brass, pierced with trefoil openings, the trefoils divided by double incised diagonal lines ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. diam. 34 Buckle, brass, circular, with cross bar ; XV XVI Cent. ; 1| in, diam. Austin Friars. 35 Buckle, brass, somewhat heart-shaped ; XV XVI Cent. ? ; 1 & in. 1. London Wall. 36 Buckle, brass, with long, plain, strap plate ; XV XVI Cent. ; If in. 37 Buckle, brass, oblong, with short tongue ; f in. w. Southivark. 38-39 Buckles (two), brass, of oval shape, ends decorated with a rosette ; 2 and 2^ in. 1. London Wall and Southivark. 40 Buckle, brass, rectangular, with scallop shell termination ; XV XVI Cent. 10* 132 MEDIEVAL BUCKLES. 41 Buckle, brass, with flat movable strap of brass across centre ; Tudor ; 1| in. diam. London Wall. 42 Shoe buckle, brass, with raised bosses on sides ; Tudor ; 1^ in. diam. London Wall. 43 Buckle, brass, ornamented, the ends cut out to form a trefoil, with copper pin ; XVI Cent. London Wall. 44 Buckle, brass, ridge in centre of strap plate ; XVI Cent. 45 Buckle, brass, stirrup-shaped, engraved ; XVI Cent. 46-68 Buckles (twenty-three), brass, of various shapes; XVI XVIII Cent. Various localities. 69 Buckle, brass, circular, with cross bar, and knob decoration, and two projections representing tassels. 70 Buckle, brass, elliptic in form, with strap plate attached to cross bar. 71 Buckle, brass, oblong, with pierced fleur-de-lis, cross bar at ends ; XVII Cent. 72 Buckle, brass, with strap plate moving on a rivet, like a hinge. 73 Buckle, brass, ornamented, the tang or strap plate has a projecting stud. 74 Buckle, brass, the ring is of cable pattern type, strap plate engraved with I H S ; 1& in. 1. PL LXXXVIII, 14. 75 Buckle, brass, oval, with flat frame engraved with floral designs ; If X li in. 76 Buckle, brass, with flat, broad ring, ornamented with punched pearled borders, and pierced trefoil and quatrefoil ; If in. 1. PI. LXXXVIII, 13. 77 Buckle, small, brass, oval, originally set with ten pastes, one only of which remains ; the tang has a rivet at the end ; XVII Cent. 78 Buckle, brass, of pierced work, the centre consisting of a winged figure, surrounded by scrolls ; imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; 2 J X 1 J in. 79 Buckle, brass, of square form, with cross bar ; the frame is orna- mented with diagonal lines ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; If X IB in. 80 Shoe buckle, plated brass, oblong form, with decorated border ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. diam. Southwark. 81 Shoe buckle, brass, oval ; 2 x H in. ; XVIII Cent. 82 Shoe buckle, bronze, with perforated design ; 2 x 3 in. ; XVII Cent. Newgate. IRON BUCKLES. 83 Buckle, iron, swivel and pin attached ; XV Cent. London Wall. 84-85 Buckles (two) iron, semi-circular strap plate terminating in a hook ; XV XVI Cent. 86 Buckle, iron, curved, with central shaft and decorated edges ; XVI Cent. ; 1J x li in. London Wall. 87 Buckle, iron, with broad base ; Tudor (?) ; 4J x 2J in. Southwark. 88 Buckle, iron, circular ; 1$ in. diam. SovtJncark. 105 MEDIAEVAL BUCKLES, BUTTONS, ETC. 133 89 Buckle, iron, elliptical, cross bar projects through, and forms a loop. 90 Buckle, cast iron, of oblong form ; the edge ornamented with incised chevrons ; 4J X 2f in. 91 Buckle, iron, oval, with pin. Botolph's Wharf. 92 Buckle, iron, square ; XVII Cent. (?) ; 2 \ X 3 in. London Wall. 93-101 Buckles (nine), iron, of various shapes and localities. LEADEN BUCKLES. 102 Buckle, lead, rectangular, with central bar and pin. 103 Buckle, lead, with fluted, hollow tang. PEWTER BUCKLES. 104 Buckle, pewter, with fleur-de-lis termination ; 1J in. 1. PI. LXXXVIII, 16. Buckle, pewter, with letter ][ j on strap plate. 106-107 Buckles (two), pewter, circular, with beaded edge, having cross bars ; 1 in. 108-109 Buckles (two), pewter, circular, with cross bar, to which a pin is attached ; 2$ and 1-j} in. diam. 110-117 Buckles (eight), pewter, with pierced and ornamented strap-plates ; XVI Cent. Moorfieldt and other localities. 118 Buckle, pewter, with portion of strap; XVI Cent.; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 119 Buckle, pewter, with portion of strap ; Tudor; If in. 1. London Wall. 120 Buckle, pewter, square ; with chevron ornament, the interstices filled with short incised lines ; the strap is of tin, and the tongue iron ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. diam. Southward. 121 Shoe buckle, pewter, circular ; Tudor; 1 Jin. diam. London Wall. 122 Shoe buckle, pewter, with pin ; XVI Cent. ; | in. diam. Smith- field, 1866. SILVER BUCKLE. 123 Shoe buckle, oblong form, with silver frame, ornamented with beaded borders ; Early Georgian ; 2J in. 1., If in. w. London. BUTTONS. 124 Button, copper gilt, ornamented with the sun in the centre, and a border of five-pointed stars within circles alternated with a flower ; XVII Cent. ; 1J in. diam. Thames, Hammersmith. 125 Button, brass, floral decoration on front ; XVII Cent. London Wall. 126 Button, pewter, inscribed ANNA D.G. ; portrait of Queen Anne. 127 Button, brass, inscribed ANNA D.G. ; portrait of Queen Anne. 134 MEDIEVAL COMBS, ETC. 128-129 Buttons (two), pewter, with portrait of Queen Anne. 130 Button, brass, inscribed GEORGE . p . WALES, with portrait. 131 Button, brass, octagonal, inscribed K.P. ; portrait; XVII XVIII Cent. 132 Button, brass, of flattened globular form, having an incised band with short incised lines as decoration ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; f in. diam. Thames, London. 133-135 Buttons (three), brown glazed ware ? with iron shanks ; of conical form ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; f in. 1. 136 Button, brass, with bust of female holding fan ; XVIII Cent. 137 Button, brass, with badly executed portrait of a female ; XVIII Cent. 138 Six brass buttons, cast in one piece ; XVIII Cent. ; 2f in 1. Bishopsgate Street. 139 Leaden object, consisting of two circular discs connected by a bar above, the bar is decorated with crossed lines and dots ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; f in. 1. London Wall. BELT FASTENINGS. 140 Loop for a belt, with circular perforation below, and flat disc with incised cross lines in centre of front ; 2$ in. 1. London. 141 Strap-end, brass, of flat form, terminating in a knob ; XVI Cent. ; If in. 1. London Wall. 142 Strap-end, brass, circular, with acorn-shaped projection at base ; XVI Cent. ; 1J in. 1., 1 in. w. London Wall. 143 Swivel of belt-strap, pewter, front pierced with floral design ; XVI Cent. ; 1 in. L, f in. w. -Finsbury. COMBS AND WIG-CURLERS. Note. Many of these specimens are imperfect. 144 Comb, horn, broad form, with coarse teeth on one side and fine on the other ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 m. w., 44 in. 1. 145 Comb, wood, with band of short diagonal lines on centre of cross bar ; XVI Cent. ; 1 J in. PI. LXXXV, 1. London Wall. 146 Comb, wood ; XVI Cent. ; 1J in. London Wall. 147 Comb, wood ; XVI Cent. ; 2| in. London Wall. 148 Comb, wood ; XVI Cent. ; 2^ in. London Wall. 149 Combs (two), wood ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. 1. London Wall. 150 Comb, wood, squared ends ; teeth widely set on one side, and ex- tremely fine teeth on the other ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. X 3 in. London. 151 Comb, wood, with coarse teeth on one side and fine teeth on the other ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. w., 2f in. 1. City Greenyard. Whitecross Street. 152 Comb, wood ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3J in. X 2J in. City Green- yard, Whitecroxs Street, 1893. MEDIAEVAL CASKET MOUNTS. 135 O 153 Comb, wood, with coarse and fine teeth ; XVI XVII Cent. Dow- gate Hill. 154 Comb, wood, semi-circular section at back, tapering to edge, in the centre of the back is a circular hole for handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Holborn Valley, 1866. 155-179 Wig-curlers (twenty-five) of pipe clay ; some plain, one inscribed w R and crown ; XVII XVIII Cent. Smithjield and River Fleet. SLEEVE LINKS. 180 Pair of sleeve links, brass, with Tudor rose on fronts ; XVII XVIII Cent. 181 Pair of sleeve links, brass, with head of Charles II ; probably XVIII Cent. 182 Pair of links, brass, consisting of circular discs, inscribed ANNA a GRA, with portraits of Queen Anne. Thames, London. 183 Pair of links, brass, head of Queen Anne, similar to above. 184 Pair of links, copper, oval, inscribed H and K, one letter on each. 185 Pair of links, copper, bearing " Victory " and a ship. 186 Pair of links, brass, with head of Louis XVI on front. 187 Pair of links, brass, with floral sprays on front. STUDS. 188 Stud, brass, inscribed G-EOK D. GRAT., with portrait of George II. 189 Stud, oval, with shell cameo in centre. XVIII Cent. 190 Stud of lead, inscribed P.O. with portrait. THE MEDIEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. III. METAL MOUNTS AND PENDANTS. BOSSES. 1 Boss of lead, circular, with floral embossed ornament ; XVII Cent. ; 2J in. d. London. 2 Boss of lead, circular, with the Tudor rose in centre ; XVI Cent. ; If in. CASKET MOUNTS. 3 Casket mounts (two), copper, consisting of a lozenge-shaped pendant, with traces of enamel, and a shield-shaped object having four lozenges in the centre ; XIV Cent. Brooks'. Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxxii, p. 411. 136 MEDIAEVAL GIPCIERE MOUNTS.. 4 Casket mount ; hinge mount in bronze, perforated at each end for nails or rivets. Probably the upper part of the bronze plate which covered the key-hole of the lock ; XV Cent. ; 2f in. 1. Austin Friars. 5 Casket mount, brass, on which is engraved a quatrefoil ornament ; XV Cent. ; imperfect. Finsbury. 6 Casket mount of red bronze; XVI Cent. ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 7 Casket mount, brass, consisting of ram's head, surmounted with acanthus ornament ; XVII Cent. ; 3$ in. 1. London. CLASPS. 8 Clasp of book, brass, of oblong form, on which is inscribed " AVE " ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. London. 9 Clasp of book, brass, with group of pierced holes at base ; Tudor ; l^i in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 10 Clasp, brass, ends terminating in thistle heads ; XVII Cent. ? ; 1 i in. 1. ; imperfect. Southward. 11 Clasp of book, brass, decorated with incised circles and wavy lines ; XVI Cent. ; 2^ in. 1. 12 Disc, brass, engraved with i B and the Royal arms (James I) ; 2 in. diam. London. 13 Figure, bronze, of an animal, resembling a dog, with two bars connecting the fore and hind legs respectively ; circa XII Cent. ; 2| x 3 in. PI. XV, 11. Crutched Friars. OIPCIERE OR PURSE FRAMES. Mounts or frames of gipcieres or purses, which were worn suspended from the girdle in mediaeval times. 14 Gipciere mount, bronze, inscribed CREATOREH CELT ET TERRE ET IN IESVM ; XIV Cent. ; 8 in. 1. ; imperfect. Brooks' Wharf. J.B.A.A. xiv, 131. 15 Gipciere mount, beam and swivel, bronze, engraved design of dia- mond ornament on bar ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Smithjield. 16 Gipciere mount, beam and swivel, bronze, inlaid with silver niello work ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. J.B.A.A., xiv, pi. 8, fig. 4. 17 Gipciere mount, bronze, inlaid with silver ; resembling niello work ; XV Cent. : imperfect. Farringdon Street. 18 Gipciere mount, beam, bronze, inlaid with silver (niello); Tudor; 6J in. 1. Gracechurch Street. 19 Gipciere mount, beam only, of bronze, inlaid ; 9 in. 1. London. 20 Gipciere mount, brass, of very simple construction ; probably of early period ; 4J in. 1. London. 21 Gipciere mount, crossbar only, brass ; XIII Cent. ; 1^ in. 1. Queenhithe, 1866. 22 Gipciere mount, brass, oval frame, with curious crossbar and unusual swivel ; XIV XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. MEDIEVAL GIPCIERE MOUNTS. 137 23 Gipciere mount, brass, with double frame, short crossbar, and oblong loop ; XV Cent. ; 3f in. diam. PI. XCVII, 1. London Wall. 24 Gipciere mount, brass, with two curious projections at joint or swivel end ; XV Cent. ; 6f in. 1. PI. XCVII, 3. London Wall. 25 Gipciere beam, brass, engraved and enamelled ; in the centre is a shield-shaped boss, on one side of which is a Tudor rose ; XV Cent. ; 6 1 in. 1. Tliamc* Street. 26 Gipciere mount, engraved with reticulated ornament ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. : imperfect. London. 27 Gipciere mount, brass, crossbar only ; XV Cent. ; 6J in. 1. Thames Street. 28 Gipciere mount, brass, swivel only ; XV Cent. Sm ithfield. 29 Gipciere mount, crossbar and swivel only, brass ; XV Cent. ; 2f in. 1. 30 Gipciere mount, brass, of oval form ; XV Cent. ; 4 X 3| in. London. 31 Gipciere mount, brass, with portion of narrow rivet-plate ; Tudor ; 4J in. diam. London Wall. 32 Gipciere mount, brass, perforated at intervals for the thread with which the bag was secured ; XVI Cent. ; 7J in. 1. ; imperfect. London Wall, 1902. 33 Gipciere mount, brass, oval, with short crossbar and oval loop ; 6 X 6 in. PI. XCVII, 4. London. 34 Gipciere mount, iron, with grooved spherical ends and swivel loop : XIV Cent. ; 3 ji in. 1. London. 35 Gipciere mount (beam ?) of iron, covered with brass or bronze, the end resembling a serpent's head ; XIV-XV Cent. ; 5f in. ; imper- fect. London Wall. 36 Gipciere mount, iron, face grooved at intervals ; XV Cent. ; 5^ X 4f in. London. 37 Gipciere mount, crossbar, iron ; two projections below, the centre of the bar is shield-shaped, ornamented with incised lines, the suspending loop is passed through the shield ; XV Cent. ; 2J in. h., 6 in. 1. London Wall. 38 Gipciere mount, iron ; beam only ; straight, with square projec- tion in centre, brass ends, decorated with incised lines ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 39 Gipciere mount, crossbar, iron, plain, swivel loop through centre and plain semi-circular loops at end of crossbar ; XV Cent. ; 4 j in. h., 5J in. w. London Wall. 40 Gipciere mount, iron, oval form, having a strand of brass wire looped round it ; XV Cent. ; 6J in. London Wall? 41 Gipciere mount, iron, with swivel ; XV Cent. ; 7f in. w. PI. XCVII, 5. Windmill Street. 42 Gipciere mount, beam and swivel, iron ; XV Cent. ; 7i in. L City Road. 43 Gipciere mount, beam, iron, with loop in centre ; XV-XVI Cent. ; 6J in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 138 MEDIAEVAL GIRDLE ENDS. 44 Gipciere mount, iron, in high state of preservation ; the object still retains the original black enamelling ; XV-XVI Cent. : 5 in. 1. PI. XCVII, 2. Moor fields. 45 Gipciere mount, iron ; single, curved bar, with circular swivel ring in centre ; XVI Cent. ; 6f in. 1. London. 46 Gipciere mount, iron, consisting of two semi-circular bars, hinged below, and fastening above, with loop for suspension ; Tudor ; 3 in. h., Gin. w. London Wall. 47 Gipciere mount, iron, similar to above, but of thinner material ; Tudor ; 4 in. h., 6 in. w. London Wall. 48 Gipciere mount, iron, oval form, with crossbar and swivel, the lower portion of the bar has a flattened projection pierced at inter- vals, and still retains the brass wire with which the material of the purse was fastened to the frame ; Tudor ; 7 X 5 in. London. 49 Gipciere mount, iron, of elaborate design ; on the crossbar are two projections, pierced to hold the cloth cover ; Tudor ; 8 in. London. 50 Gipciere mount, beam only, iron, with X ornamentation ; similar to above ; 4^ in. 1. 51 Gipciere mount, ? iron wire ; imperfect. Tudor. London Wall. 52 Gipciere mount, iron, bar only, with globular ends ; 4f in. 1. Brooks' WJiarf. 53 Gipciere mount, bar only, iron ; 5 in. 1. PI. XCVII, 5. London. 54 Gipciere mount, beam and swivel only, iron ; 3f in. 1. Trinity Court. 55 Gipciere mount, iron, oval, with movable swivel above ; Tudor ; 7| X 7| in. Tabernacle Street, 1902. 56 Gipciere mount, iron, with scalloped perforated edge ; imperfect ; Tudor. London Wall, 1902. GIRDLE ENDS. 57 Girdle end, in bronze, of rectangular form, with t b C engraved on the front, perforated for two rivets. 1 X J in. PI. LXXXIX, 3. 58 Girdle end, bronze, with trefoil termination, consisting of three circlets, containing a fleur-de-lis, and engraved a d (Agnus Dei?) on tang ; 3 x 1| in. PI. LXXXIX, 8. 59 Girdle end, bronze, with ring and loop, engraved with \ n C 2^ X li in. PI. LXXXIX, 15. 60 Girdle end of bronze or brass, with cupped quatrefoil expansion in the centre, within which is an embossed floral ornament ; the upper end is broad, with incised decoration ; the lower contracts, and is turned over to form a hook ; 3 in. 1. 61 Girdle end, brass, consisting of a flat shield-shaped object, from which hangs a flat hook, on which is inscribed OMater dei m(iserere mei), from this are suspended a number of wire loops ; early XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 62 Girdle end, brass, of narrow form, ornamented with embossed floral pattern, the lower end is looped ; 3f in. 1. MEDIAEVAL GIRDLE ENDS AND METAL MOUNTS. 139 63 Girdle end, brass, with ivy-leaf design ; 1 x J in. PL LXXXIX, 5. 64 Girdle end, brass, shield-shaped, with trefoil termination, engraved with the letter T ; 1| X f in. PL LXXXIX, 6. 65 Girdle end, brass, with acorn termination, the top slightly concave, with circular perforation, and two rivets ; 2$ x f in. 66 Girdle end, brass, with double looped ornament, rectangular socket, and vine-leaf terminal ; 3 X If in. PL LXXXIX, 7. 67 Girdle end, brass, the top ornamented with two V-shaped notches, the face decorated with a crossed zigzag decoration ; 2 X f in. 68 Girdle end, brass, with acorn-shaped termination ; 2 X f in. 69 Girdle end, brass, with pierced quatrefoil design ; 3 x 1 in. 70 Girdle end, brass, circular, with openwork centre ; If x H in. 71 Girdle end, brass, with loop, and embossed zoomorphic designs ; 1J X 1J in. London. 72-74 Girdle ends (three), brass, with various decorations. PI. LXXXIX, 11. 75 Girdle end, lead, with ring, pellet, and trellis ornament ; f in. d. London. 76 Girdle end, lead, circular, with pierced design ; 1 in. diam. 77 Girdle end, pewter, with embossed design, the letter T crowned under a foliated canopy : 2 X J in. 78 Girdle end, with rough incised device on under side ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. 1. London. 79 Girdle end, bronze, with traces of inscription ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 80 Girdle mounts (two), one heart-shaped, the other somewhat triangular and pierced with groups of circular holes ; XVI Cent. ; 1 X If in. Wood Street, Cheapside. 81 Girdle end, brass, with floral decoration ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 82 Girdle end, brass, decorated with flower, and an undecipherable inscription; XV XVI Cent.; 2 in. 1. 83 Girdle end, with trefoil termination; XV XVI Cent.; If in. 1. HANDLES AND MOUNTS. 84 Handle, brass, oblong form; XVI Cent.; 3J in. L, 2 in. w. London. 85 Handle of coffer, brass, consisting of a spirally fluted rod, attached to which are a bust of Minerva, helmeted, and that of a female (a third is missing) ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4f in. L 86 Mount, copper, lozenge-shaped, on which is engraved the letter B ; XIV Cent. ; 1^ in. 1. Jfoorjields. 87 Mount of hollow bronze, with engraved chevrons, one end of the object is forked ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 88 Mount, brass, circular, with projection at one side, pierced sur- face ; uncertain period ; If in. 1. London. 89 Strap mount, brass, decorated with a mark and scrolls in relief ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 1^ in. 1. London Wall. MEDIEVAL ORNAMENTS AND SCABBARD ENDS. ORNAMENTS. 90 Ornament, brass, crescent-shaped, with engraved scroll and foliate design ; probably an oniament for a religious figure ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4 X 1H in. London Wall. 91 Ornament, iron, portion, consisting of a central shaft, with two curved side branches ; the ends of the latter are flattened and pierced in the centre ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. PENDANTS. 92 Pendant, bronze, diamond shaped, engraved design, perhaps to suspend from brow strap; XIII XIV Cent. ; If x 1 in. Jewry Street, Aldgate, 1870. 93 Pendant, brass, composed of a large number of button-shaped objects strung upon a circular wire ; probably XVII Cent. ; 1 in. diam. London Wall. 94 Pendant, glass, in form of an acorn, with small cirolet of metal, and painted with flowers ; late XVII Cent. ; $ x in. 95 Locket, triangular, with loop for suspension ; one side is pierced with three star-shaped holes, interior divided into three parti- tions. Perhaps a reliquary. PLATES. 96 Plate, copper, representing the martyrdom of Saint Erasmus, A.D. 303 ; on the back of the plate is a Gothic A and a small goose ; probably a plate used in printing ; XV Cent. ; 3 x 1 in. Thames, near Brooks' Wharf, 1869. J.B.A.A., xxvi, p. 246-7. 97 Plate ; small engraved plate, brass, shield-shaped ; XV Cent. ; I x j$ in. 98 Plate ; small engraved plate, brass, oblong ; inscribed MAI (Maria), and perforated at each corner ; perhaps part of a girdle or book mount ; XV XVI Cent. ; If X 1| in. 99 Plate, brass, shield-shaped, on which is engraved the bust of an armed man, wearing a helmet, surmounted by a dragon ; a casket mount ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 100 Plate, of bronze, square, with pattern of engraved lines ; 2 in. 1., If in. w. 101 Rod, copper, decorated with beaded pattern in relief, and pierced at intervals ; oniament for a box ; probably Tudor ; 10^ in. 1. Smithfield, 1872. SCABBARD ENDS. 102 Scabbard end, or chape, for a dagger, with ornament of short lines on upper portion ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 103 Scabbard end or chape, of bronze, shield-shaped, pierced with oblong openings ; 1J in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 9. Austin Friars. 104 Scabbard end, bronze, with engraved border, and inscription IESVS NAZAHIVS ; 2 in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 4. London. MEDIAEVAL MOUNTS, TAGS, ETC. 141 105 Scabbard end, of copper, with knob at base; XVI Cent. (?); 4 in. 1. London. 106 Scabbard end, bronze, shield-shaped, having a pierced opening ; If in. PL LXXXIX, 10. London. 107 Scabbard end, bronze, edge cut to a V-shaped pattern, -with open- work pattern of circles and a cross ; 2 in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 13. London. 108 Scabbard end, brass, similar, ornament on upper edge, the upper portion has a heart-shaped opening, the lower, which expands into a somewhat circular form, has a trefoil opening, and termi- nates in a knob ; 1 in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 14. 109 Scabbard end, brass, shield-shaped, with V-notched top and two raised lines ; 2 in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 12. 110 Scabbard end, bronze or brass, cinquefoil-shaped edge above the base, ending in an obtuse point ; 2A in. 1. , 1 J in. w. PL LXXXIX, 2. 111 Scabbard end of bronze or brass, with openwork top and en- graved design ; 2| in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 1. Brooks' Wharf. 112 Scabbard mount, iron, for knife or dagger; Tudor; 2^ in. 1. Tabernacle Street. TAGS. 113 Tag, brass, surface covered with small knobs ; XVI Cent. ; 2J in. 1. 114-115 Tags (two), of brass, one with a trellis and rose ornament, the other with trellis and fleur-de-lis. MISCELLANEOUS. 116 Ear-ring, copper, originally gilt ; in front of the wire hook pro- jects a little ornament from which swings a pendant, which may have held some kind of setting ; the crescent-stamped base is ornamented with three dots; XVII Cent. London. J.B.A.A. xxx, p. 73. 117 Ferrule, brass, tapering, with band of incised ornament on upper portion, and knob at base ; early XVIII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Paul's Wharf. 118 Figure of man, iron, roughly cut in silhouette; XV XVI Cent.; 4 in. 1. London. 119 Figure of bird, brass, of rough workmanship; 2 in. h., 3 in. 1. Thames, Queenhithe. 120 Ornament, brass, in form of a grotesque head ; XVII ( ?) Cent. ; If in. 1. London. 121 Human figure, bronze, affixed to pin. Fenchurch Street. 122 Figure of hawk, bronze, fragmentary ; formerly attached to some larger object; 1^ in. 1. Gresham Street. 123 Mask, brass, lion's head, diminutive; XIV Cent. Thames. 124 Mask, brass, of female face; XVI XVII Cent. Thames. 142 MEDIAEVAL BLACK JACKS AND CLOGS. 125 Plaque, bronze, oblong, decorated with scale and chevron pat- tern in centre ; at back are four projecting pins for attachment to a book-cover or girdle ; XV ( ?) Cent. ; 1| x 1 in. Thames, Hammersmith. 126 Plaque, tin, oblong, with embossed ornament resembling a ring brooch in centre; probably a knife-butt; Tudor; 1 x 1 in. Tabernacle Street. 127 Strip of bronze, with deeply-incised inscription ; 3 -& in. 1. Leadenhall Market. THE MEDIEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. IV. LEATHER OBJECTS. BLACK JACKS. 1 Black Jack, leather, a fine specimen of the " Black Jack," with lid and metal hinge ; the jug is slightly constricted between centre and base, forming a globose body ; XVl XVII Cent. ; 11^ in. h. PL XCIV, 5. Bedford Street, Strand. 2 Black Jack or tall jug, leather, angular handle ; XVII Cent. ; 13 in. h., 5| in. b., 6 in. g. diam., 4 in. m. PI. XCIV, 4. Tower Hill. 3 Black Jack, leather; 14 in. h., 6J in. b.. 4 in. m., 6 in. g. diam. London. 4 Black Jack, similar to the above, but smaller and imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7| in. h. London Wall. 5 Black Jack, leather, ordinary form ; 6 in. h. 6 Boot, round-toed ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Fish Street Hill. 7 Boot-plate, brass, which has been affixed to the underside of the heel of a boot. London. 8 Bracer, archer's, leather, plain, with perforations for a lace ; Tudor; 8^ in. w. at top, 7 in. at bottom. Tabernacle Street, 1902. CLOGS. 9 Clog front, in elaborately pierced leather, the toe cut away to allow the point of the shoe to project through it ; the sole was of wood, now missing, the long nails which fastened the leather to the sole being still in position ; temp. Edward III ; 4f x 4 in. PI. LXXV, 8. Mansion House. 10 Clog, leather, imperfect ; XIII- XIV Cent. 11 Clog, leather, with toe and heel straps ; XIV XV Cent. ; 12$ in. 1. PI. LXXVI, 7. 12 Clog, leather, for a pointed shoe, portion only ; XIV XV Cent. ; 9 in. 1. MEDIEVAL CLOGS. 143 13 Clog, wooden, the leather latchets decorated with stamped designs ; XIV XV Cent. ; 1 and a tree on either side ; above is a border of trefoil- headed ornament, below is a Tudor rose ; XV XVI Cent. ; 17 x 14 in. 106 Moulding, another portion, oak, with similar decorations but having a standing winged figure in centre ; XV XVI Cent. ; 13 X 14$ in. 107 Object, of spindle-like form, tapering to one end which is curved ; the thicker end has a slot on each side ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 12 162 MEDIEVAL OBJECTS OF VARIOUS MATERIALS. 108 Panel, wood, with the City sword and mace, and a wreath, carved in relief upon it ; XVIII Cent. ( ?) ; 40 X 10 in. Portion of the " Maria Wood," the Corporation State Barge. 109 Peg, perhaps for a musical instrument ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London Wall. 110 Pegs, or skewers (nine), one with squared head ; Tudor ; 4f to 9 in. 1. Tabernacle Street, 1903. 111 Pin; Tudor; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 112 Rosary, portion, composed of cylindrical wooden beads ; XVI XVH Cent. City Road. 113 Rosary, a number of globular wooden beads; XVI XVII Cent. Worship Street, 1890. 114 Royal arms of George III, wood, with gilded mantling and supporters ; 6 ft. 2 in. h. , 6 ft. 3 in. w. 115 Shelf support, of nearly semi-circular form, with three nails in position ; 4J in. 1., 2 in. w. XVII Cent. London Wall. 116 Shield, wood, full size, bearing the arms of the City of London ; XVIII Cent. (?) ; 2 ft. 6 in. X 2 ft. 1 in. 117 Spoon or cup (portion), of wood ; green-glazed jug, imperfect, with finger-marked base ; dog's skull, with lower jaw ; two hens' eggs. All found together in a pot-hole in Mincing Lane. XIII XIV Cent. 118 Statue, wood, of " Gerard the Giant " bearing a staff, and habited in the costume of Charles I II ; 7 ft. h. PI. LXIII, 3. Gerard's Hall (formerly the residence of Sir John Gisors, Lord Mayor, 1245), Basing Lane. 119 Stick, ebony, silver head, with the Royal arms (George IV) and G. ii. at side ; 4 in. head, 41 in. total 1. 120 Stick, ebony, similar, with Royal arms (William IV) and w. B. at side ; 4^ in. 1. head, 42 in. total 1. These two sticks were used respectively at the Coronations of George IV and William IV by Alderman and Colonel Samuel Wilson, King's Harbinger. 121 Table, oak, circular, inscribed : " Sir Matthew Hale and the other Judges, sat at this Table in Clifford's Inn. to determine the disputes respecting Property, which arose after the Great Fire of London, A.D. 1666." 2 ft. 5 in. h., 5 ft. 3 in. diam. of top. 122 Tablet, wood, oblong form, inscribed : " Ecclesise et Reipub. Seminaria Anno Dom ; 1634 " ; 2 ft. 8 in. x 5 ft. 3 in. Cornhill, Lime Street and Langbourn Wards' School. Saint Mary Axe, 1902. 123-125 Tallies. Three Exchequer tallies, 1807, 1814, and 1815; for re- payment of a loan for constructing a canal, and other works ; Hi to 13i in. 1. PI. XCVI, 7. 126 Truss, oak, carved, in the form of a satyr, playing on a long pipe ; 24 in. 1. Corbet Court, Spitalfields, 1902. 127-128 Water pipes (two), wood, consisting of the hollowed trunk of a tree ; XVII Cent. ; 5 ft. 3 in. 1. , 9 in. diam. one end, 8 in. diam. the other. London. MEDIEVAL, VENETIAN AND OTHER GLASS. 163 129 Rattle, wood, watchman's (?), for raising an alarm; 8 X 7 in. 130 Strip of wood, pierced with circular holes ; 5^ in. 1. 131 Wooden object, with rudely cut face at one extremity, and two circular holes at each end ; Tudor ; 7 in 1. London Wall. 132 Wooden stamp, with handle, and square hatched pattern for im- pression; XVII XVIII Cent. THE MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. VII. VENETIAN AND OTHER DECORATIVE GLASS. The earlier examples are chiefly Venetian. They were at first imported from abroad, but afterwards very probably made in this country by foreign workmen. This beautiful glass was much used during the XVI and early XVII centuries. 1 Bird fountain, white glass, pyramidal in form, surmounted by a male head wearing a three-cornered hat and full-bottomed wig j 6 X 2 in. London. 2 Bird fountain, hollow ball at top, funnel-shaped body ; 6 in. h. , 2^ in. b. Commercial Road. 3 Bird fountain, base only, white glass ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. diam. London. 4-7 Bird fountains (four), upper portions only, in the form of female heads. Holborn. 8 Bird fountain, fragment ; male head, wearing wig ; 1| in. London. 9 Bird fountain, fragment of clear glass, in form of male head ; 3 in. These objects are of interest, as showing the head-dress of the period ; they are probably of Venetian manufacture, and of the XVII XVIII century. 10 Beaker, foot, clear glass ornamented with opaque white decora- tion ; 2| in. diam. 11 Beaker, portion, clear glass, ornamented with indented bands. London Wall. 12 Beaker, base ; fluted diagonally ; 2| in. diam. 13 Beaker, base ; iridescent glass, vertically fluted, and ornamented with fine horizontal bands, and indented at base to resemble basket work ; 1| in. diam. 14-15 Beakers (two), base only ; amber tinted, similarly ornamented ; 2 in. diam. 16 Bottle or vase ; imperfect ; 2 in. diam. London. 17 Bottle, or vase, ornamented with vertical ribs, with globular body, short straight neck, and flat rim ; 1| in. diam. Maze Pond. 12* 164 MEDIAEVAL, VENETIAN AND OTHER GLASS. 18 Bottle, white glass, reeded or ribbed body, straight neck, without rim ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2f in. h. , If in. diam. Great Chapel Street. 19 Bottle, globular form, with flattened base; 3^ in. h., 2 in. b., If in. m. Lombard Street. 20 Bottle, clear glass, handle missing; 2| in. h., 1 in. b., $ in. m. Walbrook. 21 Bottle, thick green glass, with bulbous neck ; 1 ^j X T in. London. 22 Bottle, similar to the above; 2 in. h., 1 in. diam. London. 23 Bottle, pale amber colour, fluted sides, without rim; 2 in. h. t 1 2 in. diam. 24 Bottle, purple glass, mottled with white, with pewter stopper j Spanish ; early XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 3f in. diam. 25 Bottle neck, iridescent glass, with broad, flat rim. London. 26 Bottle neck, ribbed glass. 27-29 Bouquetiers or bottles (three), necks only, of white glass ; two ornamented with vertical ribs, the third with raised spiral lines London. 30 Bowl, clear white glass, with looped band of raised threads round body ; the lower portion of the bowl is deeply fluted ; 1^ in. h. r 2}% in. m., llain. b. London. 31 Bowl, small, circular base, oval incurved mouth, body covered with raised bosses; 2 in. 1., If in. diam., 1 in. h. Moor fields. 32 Bowls or cups (five), portions only; variously decorated. Steel- yard and other localities. 33 Bowl or tazza, portion only ; clear glass, ornamented by vertical ribs enclosing threads of opaque white glass. 34 Bowl or vase, base. London. 35 Chalice or cup, crystal glass, with bulbous body, tapering towards the base, and broad, flat foot; 2f in. h. , 1 in. m., 1 in. b. Walbrook. 36 Cup, amber-tinted glass ; 2| in. h. , 2 in. m. Gracechurch Street. 37 Cup, portion only, green glass, with vertical ribs, and circle of bosses on under side. Barge Yard. 38 Cup base, with scalloped edge. London. 39-40 Cups or goblets (two), bases only, green glass, with bands of pointed oval bosses. London. 41-42 Cups (two), bases only, of clear glass ; 2| in. and 3| in. diam. London. 43-46 Cups (four), bases only, blue glass ; 3 in., 3 in., and 3| in. diam. London. 47 Cup, base only, iridescent glass ; 2f in. diam. London. 48 Dish, yellowish-tinted glass; 1J in. h. , 2f in. m. , 2i in. b. Lombard Street. 49 Drinking cup or tumbler; 2| in. h., 1J in. b. , 2| in. m. Walbrook. MEDIEVAL, VENETIAN AND OTHER GLASS. 165 50 Drinking cup, lower portion decorated with raised threads ; 3f in. h. , 1 ^ in. b. , 2 ft in. m. Sun Street. 51 Drinking cup or beaker, green glass, ornamented ; imperfect ; German (?); XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3 X 3 in. 52 Drinking cup, or tumbler, portion only, with raised bands at intervals. Lombard Street. 53 Ewer, mouth only, clear glass. London. 54 Ewer, neck only, green colour, ornamented with spiral thread ; Spanish. Lombard Street. 55 Flask, of early form ; 8 in. h. London. 56 Flask, portion only. Queen Victoria Street. 57 Flask, double, for holding two kinds of liquids, composed of thin clear glass ; the pear-shaped body is divided by a partition of thin glass, and has two necks turned in opposite directions, each encircled by a narrow fillet; foot missing; 6^ in. h., 3f in. g. diam. London. 58 Flask, portion of neck, with "frilled" rib below, iridescent. Broad Street. 59 Flask, spirit, opalescent glass, with human figures, scrolls, and floral decorations in colour ; Dutch ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. w. , 2| in. diam. 60 Flask, amber tinted, of flattened form ; Cyprian or Rhodian manufacture; llf in. 1., 6 in. g. diam., f in. m. Northumberland House, Charing Cross. 61 Flask, amber tinted, similar to preceding ; 12 in. 1., 6| in. g. diam., T^ in. m. London. 62 Flask or bottle, pear-shaped, milled band round mouth ; 9f in. h., 5 in. g. diam. London. 63 Flask, similar, of flatter section, flattened base, 9 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. Ivy Lane, 1894. 64 Flask, olive-green glass, similar; broken ; 12 hi. h., 6 in. g. diam. London. 65 Flask, olive-green glass, with flattened, pear-shaped body, and short, tapering neck ; a ribbed fillet running round the mouth ; 10 X 5| x 4 in. London. 66 Flask, similar to the above, olive-green colour ; on the neck is a seal, upon which is a shield of arms, surrounded by an inscription : POUHON IN SPA; 9 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. London. Note. These bottles (Nos. 60 66), were probably covered with plaited rush, both as a means of carrving and to protect them. All are XVII XVIII century. 67 Flower-holder, stem, clear glass, ornamented with white filigree. London. 68 Flower-holder foot ; If in. diam. London. 69 Goblet, glass, with embossed stem ; bowl imperfect ; XVI XVTI Cent. ; 6J in. 1. Bank Station, C.L.B. 160 MEDIEVAL, VENETIAN AND OTHER GLASS. 70 Goblet, or cup, clear glass, ornamented with two rows of pear-shaped projections ; the base is vertically ribbed, and has three opal bosses to resemble bunches of pearls ; imperfect ; H X 1| in. 71 Goblet, small, with "mulberry" body; 3 in. h., 1 diam. at base. Gracechurch Street. 72 Goblet or cup, green glass, the cylindrical stem ornamented with two bands of pointed bosses ; German ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3| in. h., 2f in. m. , 1| in. b. 73-74 Goblets (two), stems only ; amber tinted. Long Alley. 75 Goblet, portion only, clear white glass, with opaque white bands round centre ; on the front is a bosb of clear white glass, in centre of which is set a circular piece of turquoise-coloured paste. St. Martin' s-le- Grand. 76 Goblet, base, with raised bosses on surface. Cannon Street. 77 Goblet, of late form ; XVIII Cent. ; 3J in. h., 2| in. b., 2| in. m. London. 78 Jar, thin green glass, with fluted body; 4 in. h., 2^ in. b., 2 in. m. Worship Street. 79 Jug, with short oval depressions on body ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. h. , 3 in. diam. Smithfield. 80 Jug, of semi-opaque blue glass; neck (with portion of handle) only ; 3 in. h. , 2 in. diam. London. 81 Lamp (?), ribbed body, perpendicular spout; 2| in. h., 2| in. b., 2 in. m. London, 1873. 82 Lamp (?), with handle, moulded clear glass; curious wheel-like ornament on base, and the sun (with ravs^ on the body ; probably French; 2 in. h., 4 in. diam. Smithfield. 83 Tazza, clear glass ; the bowl is of elegant form with vertical ribs, and is supported by a cylindrical stem, ornamented by two bands of circular bosses ; imperfect ; probably XVII Cent. St. Martin's- le- Grand. 84 Ta/za, stem and foot ; greenish glass, the stem ornamented with bands of circular bosses, each with eight projecting points of bright green glass. 85 Tazza, portion only ; clear glass. London. 86 Tazza, stem in form of a cylinder, closed at each end, and decorated with three small bosses ; 3 X 2 in. 87 Tazza or goblet stem. Hill Street. 88 Tazza, small, foot only ; bell-shaped, vertically ribbed. Tokenhoitse Yard. 89 Tumbler or beaker, clear glass, ornamented with band and vertical ribs of opaque white glass ; imperfect ; 2| in. diam. London. 90 Tumbler, small, greenish colour, diagonally ribbed ; 2| in. h., 2 in. m., 1 in. b. Lime Street. 91 Tumbler, broad flutings at base of bowl; 2 in. h., 2f in. m., li in. b. London, 1873. 92 Tumbler, base, with indented fillet. Barge Yard. MEDIEVAL, VENETIAN AND OTHER GLASS. 167 93 Vase, green colour, bulbous body, straight, wide neck, and slight rim to mouth ; vertically ribbed ; mouth broken ; XII Cent. ( Tf) ; 3| in. h. , 3 in. 1. BasingJiall Street. 94 Vase, two-handled, clear glass, with inverted pear-shaped body and expanding neck, ornamented by vertical ribs ; the stem is bulbous in form, and the handles (imperfect) are also ribbed ; on each side is a pear-shaped medallion, with a gilt lion's head boss, and between these and the handles are small projections of blue glass ; a zig-zag fillet of the same colour encircles the neck, and another, of yellow, the mouth ; 7^ x 4 in. 95 Vase, with wavy band round neck ; 3^ in. h. London. 96 Vase, thin, colourless glass ; having incurved sides and wide mouth with everted rim ; with delicate iridescence ; probably XVII Cent. ; 3f X 2 in. London. 97 Vessel, black glass, of globular form, with flat foot; 2 in. h., 2 in. diam. b., 2 in. g. diam. Throgmorton Street. 98 Vessel (base missing), with incurved rim; 5 in. h., 3| in. g. diam., 2 in. m. Mark Lane. 99 Vessel, base only ; yellow glass, of octagonal form, with etched design on sides and base ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1| in. h. St. Paul's Churchyard. 100 Wine glass, clear colour, stem vertically ribbed, with an air bubble blown into the base of the bowl ; imperfect ; 6 in. 101 Wine glass, with ball at base of cup, solid stem, and a thin engraved line inside bowl ; 5| in. h. , 2^ in. m. , 2^ in. b. St. Paul's Churchyard. 102 Wine glass stem and foot, white opalised with vertical ribs; 3 in. diam. of base. London Wall. 103 Wine glass ; 5 in. h. Steelyard. 104 Wine glass, with plain stem ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 X 2| in. Sank Station, C.L.E. 105 Wine glass, portion, with spirally-fluted, funnel-shaped bowl. Commercial Road. 106 Wine glass, portion, stem ornamented with embossed lions' masks and festoons ; the bowl has been broken away in mediaeval times and joined, in an ingenious manner, by a band and clips of pewter. London. 107 Wine glass, stem and foot, clear glass, with ribbed bulbous stem, powdered with gold ; the foot is fluted. London. 108-110 Wine glasses (three), fragments, having stems embossed with masks and festoons. Minories; Cannon Street; and City of London. 111-116 Wine glasses (six fragments), white, with decoration in the form of dragons' heads and wings, in blue. London. 117 Wine glass, stem and foot, decorated with lions' masks, iridescent. London. 118 Wine glass, stem, clear glass, vertically-ribbed bulb, decorated with blue. 168 MEDIEVAL, VENETIAN AND OTHER GLASS. 119 Wine glass, stem, olive-green colour, with vertically-ribbed bulb. 120 Wine glass, stem, bulbous, the surface moulded with lions' masks. London. 121 Wine glass, stem, decorated with rosettes in blue. Fountain Court. 122 Wine glass (broken), with white spiral threads in stem. Lombard Street. 123 Stem of wine glass, square, tapering to the foot ; round the top " God Save the King " ; 3- in. h. 124-180 Fragments (fifty-seven), stems of wine glasses of white, greenish, or lightly-tinted glass ; some iridescent and some ornamented. Barge Yard; Cannon Street; Queen Victoria Street; Steelyard; and other localities. 181-203 Fragments (twenty-three) of vessels of various kinds. 204 Fragment, portion of neck of vessel, greenish colour, vertically and diagonally ribbed, the latter intersecting, and forming a diamond pattern. London.. 205 Fragment, semi-opaque glass, ornamented with vertical ribs and horizontal bands of white filigree. London. 206-207 Fragments (two), hollow handles, opaque glass, ornamented with small bosses of bright green glass. 208 Fragment, portion of spout (?) of large vase, greenish-coloured glass. London. 209 Fragment, portion of handle (?) of deeper green, highly iridescent. London. 210-213 Fragments (four), bases of beakers, one ornamented with gold. London. 214-220 Fragments (seven), bases of vessels, variously ornamented. London. 221-229 Fragments (nine) of vessels, variously ornamented. London. 230 Fragment, neck of retort or sprinkler, clear glass. Barge Yard. 231 Fragment, small lump of unworked glass. London. 232 Fragment, portion of rod, iridescent. London. 233-235 Fragments (three), variously decorated. Barge Yard. 236-237 Fragments (two), with raised bosses. 238 Fragment, greenish glass, with spiked oval bosses. London. 239 Bottle, dark blue, with fluted sides and flat base ; XVI Cent. 240 Four stems of tazze, mended with pewter clips. 241 Portion of drinking-horn (?), Venetian. Sun Street. 242 Bottle, ruby glass, spirally fluted, neck missing ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Law Courts. 243 Block of amber glass ; about 1^ in. cubic. Broad Street. 244 Portion of bowl, brownish-green glass ; 5 X 4 in. Broad Street. 245 Pendant, glass, Venetian ; J in. 1. 169 THE MEDLEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. VIII. GLASS BOTTLES, XVII-XIX CENTURIES. These were called Dutch bottles from their original place of manufacture ; they were also made in this country after the accession of William III. XVII CENTURY. 1 Ampul, moulded glass, one face covered with pattern of con- centric lines ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 2| in. g. diam. , 1 in. b. London. This type occurs in pewter. 2 Bottle, green glass, with flattened body and flanged neck ; Dutch ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. h. , 2 in. g. diam. Steelyard. 3 Bottle, green glass, of ordinary phial form ; 2^ X If in. 4 Bottle, greenish glass ; 2 X 1 in. London. 5 Bottle, similar, pale greenish colour, covered with pearly iridescence, the lip is prolonged on one side to form a sort of spout ; 2 x 1| in. London. 6-7 Bottles (two), beautifully iridescent in wavy lines ; 2 X 1 ^j in. 8 Bottle, stout green glass, containing bubbles ; 2 x 1 ^ in. 9-10 Bottles (two), thick, dark green glass, base contracting below, long, wide-flanged neck ; 3| X 2 in. Lime Street and London. 11 Bottle, pale green colour; 3 X 1| in. London. 12 Bottle, highly iridescent ; 2j| X 1 in. London. 13 Bottle, greenish glass, with trumpet-shaped moufch ; late XVII Cent. ; 4| X 2| in. London. 14 Bottle, similar, light green glass (carelessly blown into shape), 44 x 2| in. London. 15 Bottle, well formed ; 4^ x 2| in. London. 16 Bottle, very thin green glass ; 3| X 2 in. London. 17 Bottle, thin green glass, full of flaws, the lip crinkled to form a small spout ; 3 X 2 in. London. 18 Bottle, pale green glass, very iridescent ; 2| X If in. London. 19 Bottle, greenish colour ; 1J x 7 in. London. 20 Bowl, heavy material, amber tinted, irregularly shaped; 2| in. h. , 4i in. b. , 5^ in. m. Rosemary Lane. 21 Window glass, three fragments, of greenish tint, with bosses in the centre. London. 22 Portion of window from Milton's house, No. 17, Barbican ; 19^ X 9 in. 23 Wine bottle, flat sides; found in roof of "Dick Whittington," Cloth Fair ; XVII Cent. ; 7 x 7 in. 170 MEDIAEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 24 Wine bottle, with broad base, and short, stout neck ; XVII Ceut. ; 6i X 4f in. London. 25 Wine bottle, coarse green glass, with broad base and large deep depression under ; the sides are nearly straight, the neck short and tapering, with flattened fillet ; XVII Cent. ; 4| X 4 in. 26 Wine bottle, green glass, with broad base, sides sloping slightly outwards, and short, tapering neck ; XVII Cent. ; 6^ X 5 in. London. 27 Wine bottle, green glass, the deep depression beneath covering nearly the whole of the base ; late XVII Cent. ; 6 X 5| in. London. 28 Wine bottle, green glass, wide base and shallow depression under ; the body is " squat " in form and the neck short and tapering ; late XVII Cent. ; 5| X 5| in. London. 29 Wine bottle, green glass, with wide base, and shallow depression under ; XVII Cent. ; 5 X 5| in. 30 Wine bottle, dark green glass, with seal, upon which is a repre- w sentation of Saint George and the Dragon, with the letters T M m right hand upper comer ; XVII Cent. ; 5f X 4f in. Thames Street. 31 Wine bottle, green glass, broad base with large depression under, and short tapering neck ; on seal at the side are the letters p. s. ; a second faint impression beneath appears to be an error or slip of the die ; late XVII Cent. ; 6| X 5| in. London. 32 Wine bottle, green glass, flattened to a " flask " form, large depression under, and short, tapering neck ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. h. , 4f in. 1., 3f in. w. London. XVII-XV1II CENTURIES. 33 Bottle, straight sides, curved shoulder and short neck, with cork ; 3f x 2| in. London. 34 Bottle, with remains of crystalline substance within ; 3 X 2 in. London. 35 Bottle, pale green glass; 2f x l^j in. London. 36 Bottle, iridescent, the rim large and saucer shaped; 2 T 7 o x 1| in. London. 37-39 Bottles (three), iridescent, one badly shaped ; 2x1^ in., 2 X li in., and 6 X 2| in. London. 40 Bottle, thick, deep green glass, short neck, and wide, flat rim ; 3 X If in. London. 41 Bottle, green glass ; 2 x 1 ^ in. London. 42 Bottle, balloon-shaped body; 2| in. h., 2^ in. b., J in. m. ; circa 1700. Bishopsgate. 43-44 Bottles (two), similar, one slightly melted by heat; 2| in. and 2^ in. h. London and Liverpool Street. 45 Circular boss, dark glass, from a wine bottle, on which is embossed a crowned head, and F. IM. , within a beaded circle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. diain. Soitthwark. MEDIAEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 171 46 Stopper for bottle, dark green colour, square section, with flat projecting circular top ; f in. h. Fenchurch Street. 47 Sack bottle, with glass seal on side, JOHN BURROW ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 9 in. h., 5| in. diam. London. 48 Wine bottle, of coarse green glass, with small base, and short, stout neck ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7 X 5 in. 49 Wine bottle, coarse green glass, with broad base which has a deep depression below ; the neck is short and stout ; XVII XVII Cent. ; 6| X 5| in. London. 50 Wine bottle, green glass, with broad base, deeply depressed from beneath, neck short and stout ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 74 X 5| in. 51 Wine bottle, coarse green glass, the base small and slightly depressed, the neck is long and stout, with large flat fillet ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8 X 5| in. London. 52 Wine bottle, dark green glass, full of air bubbles ; the base is small and slightly depressed, the neck long and tapering, with fillet ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8f X 5| in. London. 53 Wine bottle, green glass, base slightly depressed, the neck is long and tapering, with wide, flat fillet ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8| X 5| in. London. 54 Wine bottle, dark green glass, with small base, slightly depressed below, and stout, tall neck, with small fillet; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8| X 5J in. 55 Wine bottle, in white glass, with broad base and large, shallow depression under, the neck is short and tapering ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8 X 7^ in. London. 56 Wine bottle, green glass, with broad base, and wide, shallow depres- sion under, the neck is short and tapering ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6i X 5| in. London. 57 Wine bottle, dark green glass, with seal, upon which is a lion rampant and traces of an inscription ; above a small tablet with the letters F (?) A; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8 X 5 in. 58 Wine bottle, imperfect, with spherical body, and a seal upon which is a stag's head within a circle of six small pellets, with the letters T B on the right ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4^ in. diam. London. XVIII CENTURY. 59 Bottle, white glass, flat form, one side bearing the inscription, in two lines. SHARP PERFUMER, in relief ; 2^ in. g. diam. Great Chapel Street. 60 Bottle, short, broad form, thin green glass ; early XVIII Cent. Queen Victoria Street. 61 Bottle, narrow, tapering form ; 5 in. h. St. Paul's Churchyard. 62 Bottle, slender form, with expanding neck and red rim ; 7| in. h. Bishopsgate Street. 63 Bottle, flattened body, well-formed neck and flanged mouth ; 3i in. h., 2 in. w., f in. diam. Fleet Street, 1902. 64 Bottle, pale green, straight sides, with small mouth; 5 in. h., 24 in. diam. London. 65 Bottle, white glass ; 5jf x 2 in. London. 172 MEDIAEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 66-67 Bottles (two), greenish hue; 4| x 2 in., 2 VI X 1| in. London. 68-72 Bottles (five), pale greenish-blue; 3 X If in., 4 X If in. (two), *& X 1| in., and 4 x 2 in. London. 73 Bottle, tapering towards shoulders, with wide, flat rim ; 4 x 2 in. London. 74-77 Bottles (four), pale sea-green colour; 1| X 1 in., 2 x If in., 2 -fg X 1^ in. , and 4 x 2 in. London. 78-79 Bottles (two), pale green glass, with large, flat rim ; early XVIII Cent. ; 1| X 1 in. and 2 X 1 in. London. 80 Bottle, beautifully iridescent in wavy lines ; early XVIII Cent. ; 3 X 1 in. London 81 Bottle, olive-green colour, thick mouth and flat base ; late XVIII Cent. ; 3^ X If in. London. 82 Bottle, of similar colour and form, concave base ; early XVIII Cent. ; 3 X If in. London. 83 Bottle, greenish glass, with thick base, trumpet-shaped mouth ; If x 1 in. London. 84 Bottle, similar, iridescent, with large flat rim ; If x f in. ; London. 85 Bottle, slightly bell-shaped, iridescent ; If X 1 in. London. 86-87 Bottles (two), with straighter sides, and thick, rounded base ; If X 1^ in. and 2 x 1 in. London. 88 Bottle, with square body, and slightly trumpet-shaped mouth ; 1 X I in. London. 89 Bottle, thick, greenish glass, flat-sided, but not quite square ; 1 x | in. London. 90-91 Bottles (two), thick, pale green glass, with small square body, and long, trumpet-shaped neck and mouth; 1-ft x 1 in. and If X f in. London. 92-95 Bottles (four), thick green glass; early XVIII Cent. ; If X 1 in., 1-| X 1^ in., 1 x 1 in., and If X If in. London. 96 Bottle, thick glass, full of bubbles, with thick neck and mouth ; If x 1 in. London. 97 Bottle, thick, light green glass, with expanding neck ; If x 1 in. London. 98 Bottle, pale green glass, the flat sides are slightly depressed in the centre ; 2 x 1 in. London. 99 Bottle, green glass, with flattened sides, short neck, and small mouth ; 2 X 1 in. London. 100 Bottle, pale green, much flawed, with flat sides, depressed in the centre ; the neck is straight, with narrow rim at mouth, like a modern phial ; 2 x 1 in. Lime Street. 101 Bottle, greenish colour, with thick base and wide flat rim ; li^ X 1 in. London. 102 Bottle, clear green, flawed, with flat sides and thick flat rim ; IT^ X li in. London. 103 Bottle, pale green, two sides slightly flattened, wide thin rim ; li X 1^ in. London. MEDIAEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 173 104 Bottle, flat sides, and short expanding neck; 3| X If in. London. 105-106 Bottles (two), thin green glass, slightly tapering to shoulder, with short neck, wide mouth, and narrow flat rim ; 2^ X lg in. and 3| x 1 TO in- London. 107-110 Bottles (four), pale green, pyramidal in form, with short neck and flat rim ; 4 x If in., 3^ x" If in., 2f X Ire in., and 2| X 1^ in. London. 111 Bottle, greenish colour, with nearly flat base, and short neck without rim ; moulded, bearing on one side, " Beaume de Vie," on the other, "By the King's Patent," in relief; XVIII Cent.; 3^ X 2 in. London. 112 Bottle, opaque greenish colour ; with bulbous body and tapering neck ; with slight fillet near mouth ; 4| x 3 in. Aldersgatc Street. 113 Bottle, similar, clear greenish colour ; 4| x 3 in. London. 114 Bottle, semi-opaque greenish glass, with depressed base ; fine iridescence; 4 x 2J in. London. 115-116 Bottles (two), similar, slightly iridescent ; 4 x 2^ in. and 4 x 2| in. London. 117 Bottle, of tapering form, embossed " DALEY'S CARMINATIVE, Pre- pared by His Son James"; 3| in. h., l^in. b., ^ in. m. Ores/tarn Street. 118 Bottle, flat sides, rounded shoulder, short neck, flat rim ; 4 X 1 in. London. 119 Bottle, clear green colour, short neck, flat rim ; 5| X 1 in. London. 120 Bottle, similar, white glass ; 4 x 1 in. London. 121-123 Bottles (three), greenish colour, slightly iridescent; 3 X If in., 3^ X If in., and 3 x 1^ in. London. 124-125 Bottles (two), beautifully iridescent ; late XVIII Cent. ; 3 X 1| in. London. 126 Bottle, short type, with square body ; 1 in. h. Broad Street. 127 Bottle, similar, with fine iridescence ; Ire in- h. London. 128 Bottle, green glass, fine iridescence ; 1 in. h. Knightrider Street. 129 Bottle, green glass, with rich golden iridescence ; 4f in. h. Tower Street. 130 Bottle, green glass, iridescent ; 2 x Irs in. London. 131 Bottle, greenish colour, thick, i-ounded base, short neck, and flat rim; 3 in. h. , 1 in. diam. London. 132 Bottle, similar, greenish glass, with a small portion of a dark brown fluid, and the cork, remaining in the vessel; 2| in. h. , 1 in. diam. London. 133-134 Bottles (two), square form; 3f X If in. London. 135-136 Bottles (two), white glass, with flat sides and base ; imperfect ; 3f X 3 in. Lime Street. 137-148 Bottles (twelve), green glass, of size similar to the above; some iridescent. London. 174 MEDIAEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 149 Cup, greenish colour, slightly expanding at mouth ; 3^ in. h. Lime Street. 150 Flask, thick olive-green glass, with flat sides and base, and short mouth ; 6 x 2f x If in. London. 151 Ink-well, with turned-over rim, greenish colour ; 1 X If in. London. 152 Ink-well, dark-coloured glass, similar form ; If in. h. London. 153 Ink-well, white glass, with wide mouth ; If X 2f in. London. 154 Ink-well ( ?), with straight sides and flattened lip ; XVIII Cent. (?) ; If in. h., 1 in. b., 2^ in. m. London. 155 Jar, square form; 3| in. h. Old Jewry. 156 Jar, similar ; 5| in. h. London. 157 Linen smoother, glass, in form of a disc, with ribbed handle ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. diam. London. 158 Linen smoother ; imperfect ; 4| in. diam. London. 159 Linen smoother, deep green glass ; imperfect ; 4 in. diam. Basinghall Street. 160 Linen smoother, lower portion, dark green glass. 161 Linen smoother ; imperfect ; 3 in. diam. London. 162 Linen smoother, portion of handle, deep green colour. London. 163-164 Linen smoothers, two portions of similar handles. London. 165 Pestle (?), glass, portion only; 2 in. diam. London. 166 Pestle, portion only ; If in. diam. London. 167 Phial, portion only, square, bearing on sides remains of inscription in relief : 1. ... ERS, 2 ...... NGS S, BY ..... NT 3 ..... TED TO 4. ... B 1777. London. 168 Phial, greenish colour, tapering from base to neck, narrow rim ; 5^ X 1^ in. London. 169 Phial, pale green colour, trumpet- shaped mouth ; 4 x 1 in. London. 170-171 Phials (two), semi-opaque glass, tapering, trumpet-shaped mouth ; 6| x 1 ft in. and 6-& x 1 tV in. London. 172 Phial, white glass, straight sides and short, straight mouth ; 3^g X | in. Leman Street. 173 Phial, greenish colour ; 3f x f in. London. 174 Phial, greenish colour, containing bubbles in the substance of the material ; 3 X f in. London. 175 Phial, greenish tint, with thick, rounded base, short neck, and flat rim; 2 in. h., 1 in. diam. London. 176 Phial, white glass, slightly constricted at neck, with flat rim ; the cork remains in the mouth ; 2| in. h., | in. diam. London. 177 Phial, green glass, similar, the mouth slightly wider than the base ; 2| in. h., | in. diam. London. 178 Phial, white glass, 1 in. diam. at mouth, cork in position ; 2|f in. h., H in. diam. London. MEDIAEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 175 179-184 Phials (six), of white or greenish glass, some iridescent. London. 185 Wine bottle, dark green glass, of small size, the body tapers towards the base, the neck is long and is furnished with a stout fillet below the mouth ; XVIII Cent. ; 6| X 4 in. Royal Exchange, 1841. 186 Wine bottle, coarse green glass, small base, and short neck with prominent fillet ; circa 1700 ; 6 x 5 in. London. 187 Wine bottle, coarse green glass, base small and slightly depressed, neck short and stout ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 X 5 in. London. Note. The bottle is nearly full of a clear liquid of a bright ruby colour. 188 Wine bottle, dark green glass, highly iridescent, the base is small and slightly depressed, the neck long and tapering ; XVIII Cent. ; 8^ X 5 in. London. 189 Wine bottle, dark green glass, with wide base and broad and deep depression below ; the sides slope outward, and the neck is long and tapering ; XVIII Cent. ; 5f X 4f in. 190 Wine bottle, green glass, with wide base and large, deep depression under ; early XVIII Cent. ; 6 X 4^ in. London. 191 Wine bottle, green glass, with broad base and large depression under, neck long and tapering ; XVIII Cent. ; 6i X 4| in. London. 192 Wine bottle, green glass, with broad base and deep depression under, the neck is short and tapering ; early XVIII Cent. ; 5| x 4| in. London. 193 Wine bottle, olive-green colour, with broad base and deep depres- sion below, the neck -is short and tapering ; early XVIII Cent. ; 7 X 5 in. London. 194 Wine bottle, green glass, with broad base and large depression below, on one side of the body is a glass seal or boss having upon it a squirrel, sitting, and holding in its mouth an oak spray with two leaves and an acorn ; 5^ X 4-| in. Many bottles of the XVIII century have these circular seals, and they are probably manufacturers' badges, although examples occur which seem to show that they were some- times the arms of the owner of fche wine they contained. 195 Wine bottle, green glass, with spherical body, slightly flattened base, and long neck ; XVIII Cent. ; 8| X 5| in. 196 Wine bottle, dark green glass, similar ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 X 5^ in. London. 197 Wine bottle, green glass, with straight-sided body, sloping slightly towards base ; XVIII Cent. ; 9 X 4| in. London. 198 Wine bottle, green colour, with oblong body, flattened on two sides, and long, tapering neck ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 7f in. 1. , 2| in. w. London. 199 Wine bottle, similar; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. h., 8 in. 1., 3 in. w. London. 200-201 Wine bottles (two), similar ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 X 4 in. and 10 x 4 in. London. 17G MEDIEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 202 Wine bottle, similar, with seal inscribed H.BAqLvh 1757 ; 9 X 4 in. 203 Wine bottle, green glass, octagonal body, long tapering neck ; late XVIII Cent. ; 8f X 4 'in. London. 204 Wine bottle, green glass, with handle, with depressed body, broad base, and nearly straight sides, the neck is short and tapering ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 X 4 in. 205 Wine bottle, green glass, with handle, body more depressed than previous specimen, neck short and tapering, with seal upon which , A : P. is .J7i3- ; 6$ x 6 in. 206 Wine bottle, green glass, with handle, the body somewhat higher than previous examples, having straight sides, and long, tapering neck ending in a small spout ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 x 4f in. tiouth- wark. 207 Wine bottle, six-sided, of rather thick fabric ; XVIII Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 2f in. b. , 1& in. m. London. 208 Wine bottle, olive-green glass, the shoulder sloping more steeply than in the previous examples, and having a short neck ; 7 X 54 in. 209 Wine bottle, olive-green colour, body expanding towards base ; 7| x 5 in. 210 Wine bottle, olive-green glass, with unusually large depression at base ; 7| X 5 in. 211 Wine bottle ; stamp from dark brown bottle, a crowned eagle holding sceptre and orb, between H H. ; below ; legend, GER3WETLER FAHBiR ; XVIII Cent. ; 1J; in. diam. London. 212 Flask, Bristol glass; about 1760; 8 x 4 x 2 in. Cheapside. 213 Flask of marbled glass, flat, horn-shaped ; 4| in. 1. 214 Bottle, inscribed "By the king's grace, true cephalick snuff"; XVIII XIX Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 215 Bottle, flat, oblong, inscribed " Eau de Luce " ; on the other side, a bird and floral spray ; 1 X 2f in. 216 Flask, shallow ; XVTII Cent. ; 3J X 3 in. Lime Street. 217 Wine bottle; XVIII Cent.; 10 x 3| in. Hose Alley. 218 Wine bottle, portion, with inscription : THE PAVLS GRAVEHED TAVERN. 219 Seals (four) from wine bottles : (a) crowned head 1. F.I.M. (b) wheatsheaf I.B. above. (c) dolphin under crown. (d) I. NEIGHBOVR. XIX CENTURY. 220 Bottle, inscribed " Bickerstaff and Jones, Aldgate, London", early XIX Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 221 Bottle, ruby glass, of barrel form, decorated with deeply-cut lozenges; early XIX Cent.; 2 in. diam., 1 in. b. Southward. MEDIEVAL GLASS BOTTLES. 177 222 Yard of ale ; vessel, of clear glass, trumpet-shaped ; the base terminating in a bulb in the form of an acorn ; XIX Cent. ; 36 in. 1. MISCELLANEOUS. 223 Fragments (twenty-seven) of stained window-glass, many showing signs of fire; late XIV Cent. London. 224 Eye-glass, oblong, with simple brass mount ; XVIII Cent. ; 2$ in. 1. Newgate. THE MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. IX. POTTERY : VARIOUS WARES. The arrangement is chronological, with sub-arrangements as- far as practicable, under classes of objects and varieties of ware. XII-X1V CENTURIES. 1 Jug, of coarse green glaze, having five incised lines below rim ; XII XIII Cent. ; 17 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 3| in. m. PI. LXVI, 7. City of London, 1872. 2 Jug, of coarse greenish glaze, with slight ridge on upper portion of body; XII XIII Cent. ; 17 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 3ij in. m. Bartholomew Lane. 3 Jug, of pale buff clay, with large narrow spout, added after the rim was formed ; the base expands slightly, and the body is some- what straight-sided from near the base. This specimen is unusual, being decorated with bands of colour round the neck and base, and has panels on the sides, the centre of which contain leaf-shaped ornaments ; the colours are green and orange, outlined and diapered with narrow lines of black (?). At the base of the handle is an ornament resembling a reversed fleur-de-lis, in brown colour ; XIII XIV Cent. ; llf in. h., 4 in. diam., 3| in. b., 4 in. m. PI. LXVI, 11. Bishopsgate Street. 4 Jug, of coarse red-brown ware, unglazed, with straight sides,, concave rim and solid loop handle ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 6^ in. h. , 2 in. diam. London Wall. 5 Jug, somewhat cylindrical form, plain red-brown ware ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 6| in. h., 2| in. b., 2 in. m. London. 6 Jug, red ware, unglazed; XIII XIV Cent. ; 5 in. h., 2 in. b., 2 in. m. 7 Jug, red ware, partly glazed; XIII XIV Cent.; 8 in. h. r 3i in. b., 3i in. m. Monkwell Street. 8 Jug, with splashes of red glaze, having tapering sides ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 8i in. h., 3^ in. b., 2| in. m. Tokenhouse Yard. 13 178 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 9 Head of a horse, light yellow glazed ware, probably a spout of a vessel ; XIII XIV Cent. London. 10 Pitcher, yellow ware, light glaze, the body of the vessel is bulbous in form, the base expands, the upper portion is also bulbous, contracting at mouth, which is circular ; XII XIII Cent. ; 17 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. , 4 in. b., 3| in. m. Sasinghall Street. 11 Pitcher, yellow ware, mottled red glaze ; XII XIII Cent. ; 17 in. h., 6^ in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 3| in. m. Basinghall Street. 12 Pitcher, yellow ware, with a band of yellowish-brown glaze down front, brown glaze on base, a grooved band runs round the upper portion of the body ; XII XIII Cent. ; 17 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. , 4f in. b., 3f in. m. Old Broad Street. 13 Pitcher, yellow glazed ware, ornamented with incised lines ; on the front of the vessel is incised an object much resembling a sword, and on one side towards the base is incised a star-shaped ornament ; XIII Cent. ; 13 in. h. , 4 in. b., 4 in. m. London. 14 Pitcher, green glazed,^globular body, with rows of indented lines on body, and finger prints round base which expands, there is a deeply-incised line on handle, with irregularly placed dots on each side ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 14 in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 6 in. b., 4 1 in. m. London. 15 Pitcher, or jug, green glazed, indented base, raised band round centre of body ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 12 in. h. , 4 in. b. , 4 in. m. London. 16 Jug, ash-coloured ware, partly glazed; XIV Cent.; 4 in. h., 3 in. g. diam., 2 in. b. , If in. m. London Wall. 17 Jug, or pitcher, brown ware, partly green glazed ; XIV Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam., 5^ in. b., 4^ in. m. Sow Lane. 18 Jug, or pitcher, brownish ware, unglazed ; XIV Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3 in. g. diam., 2 in. b., If in. m. London. 19 Jug, red-brown ware, mottled green and yellow glaze, the mouth is large and expands, the handle solid, and the base finger- marked all round; XIV Cent. ; 7^ in. h., 4f in. diam., 3| in. b., 3| in. m. Moorgate Street. 20 Jug, reddish-brown ware ; XIV Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 2 ^ in. b. St. Martin's-le-Grand, 1873. 21 Jug, red-brown ware; XIV Cent.; 6 in. h., 2 in. b. Near Cannon Street. 22 Jug, of coarse red-brown clay, with traces of olive-brown glaze, having concave rim and solid handle; XIV Cent.; llf in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 3| in. b., 3^ in. w. Fore Street. 23 Jug, red-brown ware, unglazed, with straight sides, moulded rim and plain loop handle ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 7 X 2| in. London. 24 Jug, pale buff clay, the upper portion in form of a human face, with hands and arms crossed on body. The body of the vase is decorated with vertical bars of yellow, chocolate, and green glaze, on either side of which is a horizontal band of chocolate colour, ornamented, like the lateral bars of the same colour, with small yellow bosses ; the base is pinched in four groups ; XIV Cent. ; 10^ in. h. , 5 in. b., 4 in. m. PI. LXVI, 5. Bisfwpsgate Street. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 179 25 Jug, light buff ware, mottled olive-green glaze, with horizontal band of incised lines near the centre of body ; the base has four groups of three finger marks ; XIV Cent. ; 10| in. h. , 5| in. b. , 3f in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 26 Jug, spout only, light buff clay, mottled green glaze ; in form of a ram's head ; XIV Cent. Fore Street. 27 Jug, mouth only, of light buff ware, mottled green and greenish- yellow glaze, the spout is in the form of a ram's head ; XIV Cent. Fenchurch Street. 28 Jug, buff ware, with coarse green glaze, indented base ; XIV Cent. ; 3 in. h., 2^ in. g. diam., 1^ in. b., If in. m. 29 Jug, dark green glaze, with three bands of spines on body, and four finger-pressed projections on base ; XIV Cent. ; imperfect ; 10 in. h. , 7 in. g. diam., 5 in. b. 30 Jug, dark green glaze, ribbed handle, with vertical rows of indented ornament round body; XIV Cent.; 12 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 5 in. b. , 5 in. m. 31 Jug, dark green glaze, with vertical bands of crossed lines, alternated with raised " spines " ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 15 in. h., 9 in. diam. Holborn. 32 Jug, light ware, dark green glaze, with handle ; XIV Cent. ; 7 in. h., 4 in. diam. Islington. 33 Jug, light ware, dark green glaze, with globular body, short broad neck, finger-indented base; XIV Cent.; 9 in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 4^ in. b. , 4 in. m. Drapers' Hall. 34 Jug, dark red ware, olive green glaze, small spout, the neck and shoulders ornamented with incised lines ; the handle has a central groove, and two finger marks at the upper end ; XIV Cent. ; 8| in. h., 6 in. diam., 5| in. b., 4 in. m. Coleman Street. 35 Jug, yellow ware, olive green glaze, body strongly ridged in centre ; XIV Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 3 in. g. diam. , 2 in. b. , 2 in. m. Billiter Square. 36 Jug, mottled green glaze, in form of the upper portion of a bearded male figure, with hands under chin ; XIV Cent. ; 4| in. h., 2 in. g. diam., 1J in. b., If in. m. PI. LXVIII, 10. Old Bailey. 37 Jug, mottled dark green glaze, rounded body, the base finger- marked in three places; XIV Cent. ; 6| in. h., 5| in. g. diam., 4^ in. b. , 3| in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 38 Jug, pale-coloured ware, deep mottled green glaze ; the mouth of the vessel is in the form of a grotesque head, with projecting nose and beard, the hands and arms are crossed upon the body ; imperfect; XIV Cent.; 2| in. g. diam., 1| in. b. Tokenhoust Yard. 39 Jug, small, pale clay, with dark mottled green glaze ; the mouth is in the form of a ram'.s head ; the handle consists of a solid loop with finger mark at base; XIV Cent.; 5^ in. h., 2| in. diam. London. 40 Jug, or pitcher, with mottled green glaze, globular body, expand- ing base, and narrow neck; XIV Cent. ; 9 in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 2 in. m. 13* 180 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 41 Jug, light ware, mottled green and yellow glaze ; the neck, which is straight, is ornamented with a spiral groove or band, and the body with a band of four horizontal grooves, between which and the neck have been four star-like bosses, one of which remains ; the base expands and is finger-pressed at intervals ; the handle has a shallow groove down the centre ; XIV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 6 in. g. diam. , 5 in. b. , 3f in. m. Moorgate Street. 42 Jug, green glazed ware, globular body, expanding base, straight neck, with ribs on body and one on neck ; the mouth is circular ; XIV Cent. ; 10 in. h.," 5 in. g. diam., 4f in. b., 3 in. m. 43 Jug, green glazed ; XIV Cent. ; 8 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 44 Jug, green glazed ware ; XIV Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. T 3^ in. b. , 3| in. m. Little Trinity Lane. 45 Jug, green glazed, raised horizontal bands on body, indented in three places at base; XIV Cent.; 11^ in. h., 5 in. b., 4 in. m. 46 Jug, green glazed ware, neck ornamented with concentric rings, the body is decorated with fleur-de-lis, alternated with shields bearing the arms of the Clares, Earls of Gloucester ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 15 in. h. Trinity Court, Aldersgate Street. 47 Jug, portion only, green glazed, with embossed fern leaves on body, the base expands and is thumb-marked ; XIV Cent. 48 Jug, green glazed, with fir-cone ornament on body ; it has a tall, straight neck and flanged, circular rim ; on the handle are incised lines with indented dots between ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 11 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 3| in. m. PI. LXVI, 10. London. 49 Jug, green glazed ware; XIV Cent. ; 3i in. h., 2| in. g. diam. r 2 in. b. , i in. m. 50 Jug, green glaze, representing the upper portion of a human figure with hands on body ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 3| in. h. , 1^ in. m. 51 Jug, portion only, green glazed, with globular body and expanding base, a decoration consisting: of a row of shields occurs on body, a shield or, three chevrons gules, Arms of the Clares, Earls of Gloucester ; XIV Cent. London. 52 Jug, green glaze, with coarsely-executed mask on front beneath spout ; on the body are rudely-designed arms and hands ; restored ; XIV Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 4 in. g. diam., 3^ in. m. Belle Sauvage Yard. 53 Jug, green glazed, with embossed fern-leaf pattern on body, and finger-pressed base ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam., 5 in. b. Sovthwarl-. 54 Jug, or pitcher, green glazed, globular body, finger-pressed base ; XIV Cent. ; 11 in. h., 10 in. g. diam., 6| in. b., 4 in. m. Drapers' Hall. 55 Jug, fine green glaze, bulbous body, expanding base, and .small mouth ; XIV Cent. ; 10| in. h., 4 in. b., 2| in. m. PI. LXVI, 4. 56 Jug, green glazed, the body decorated with a pattern resembling a fir-cone or pineapple ; XIV Cent. ; 5| in. h., 4 in. b. , 3| in. m. PI. LXVI, 1. 57 Jug, green glazed ware; XIV Cent. ; 7 hi. h., 3 in. diam. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 181 58 Jug, partially green glazed; XIV Cent. ; 7 in. h., 3 in. diam. 59 Jug, portion only, vellow-green glaze, in form of ram's head ; XIV Cent. 60 Jug, small, yellow-green glaze; XIV Cent.; 5 in, h., 4 in. g. diam., 2^ in. b., 2 in. m. London. 61 Jug, pale ware, partially covered with green and yellow glaze ; the upper portion was probably in the form of a human face, the arms and hands remaining on the body ; the base expands and is finger-pressed; imperfect; XIV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 5^ in. diam., 4 in. b. London Wall. 62 Jug, plain light ware, slightly green glazed rim ; XIV Cent. ; 9 in. h., 4 in. b., 4 in. m. London. 63 Jug, or pitcher, green glazed, finger-pressed base ; XIV Cent. ; 15 in. h., 6| in. b., 4 in. m. PI. LXVL 8. Royal Exchange. 64 Jug, or pitcher, green glazed, with raised band below rim ; XIV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 5 in. b., 3| in. m. 65 Jug, greyish ware, mottled green and brown glaze, globular body, straight-sided tall neck and two bands of lines on body ; im- perfect ; XIV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 5^ in. diam. 66 Jar, or pitcher, light greyish ware, yellow glaze with blue patches, looped pattern on body, handle pierced with eight holes down centre, the base has indented dots ; XIV Cent. ; 13f in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 5^ in. b. , 4 in. m. London. 67 Jug, grey ware, mottled green glaze; XIV Cent.; 12 in. h., 6| in. g. diam., 4 in. b. London. 68 Jug, plain grey ware, XIV Cent. ; 7 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 2| in. b., 1| in. m. Cripplegate. 69 Jug, light grey ware, brown mottled glaze ; XIV Cent. ; 6 hi. h. , 4 in. g. diam., 2| in. b. , 2^ in. m. Steelyard. 70 Jug, with handle, coarse grey ware ; XIV Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3| in. g. diam. London. 71 Jug, of coarse red ware, with olive glaze, having slightly pro- jecting rim and small spout, the base is finger-marked round the edge, the handle has incised marks; XIV Cent. ; 11 in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 5| in. b. , 3 in. m. London Wall. 72 Jug, of coarse red clay, unglazed, with concave rim, slightly expanding at mouth, solid loop handle ; XIV Cent. ; 7| in. h. , 3 in. g. diam., 2^ in. b. , 2 in. m. London Wall. 73 Jug, light red ware, mottled yellow and green glaze ; XIV Cent. ; 14 hi. h. , 6 in. g. diam., 4 in. b. , 4 in. m. Aldersgate Street. 74 Jug. of red clay, mottled green glaze, the body covered with scale decoration ; the base is pinched in three groups ; handle slightly grooved; imperfect; XIV Cent.; 11| in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 5J in. b., 3 in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 75 Jug, plain red ware; XIV Cent. ; 5| in. h., 2J in. b., 1J in. m. Steelyard. 76 Jug, plain red ware, unglazed; XIV Cent. ; 7 in. h., 2| in. b., 2| in. m. St. Martin's-le-Grand. 182 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 77 Jug, portion only, red ware, mottled green glaze, the middle of body slightly constricted, base finger-marked ; XIV Cent. Ivy Lane.. 78 Jug, red ware, with red-brown glaze; XIV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 3 in. b., 3 in. m. St. Martin's-le-Grand. 79 Jug, red ware, unglazed, with looped handle, and grooved rim ; XIV Cent. ; 6 in. h. Liverpool Street. 80 Jug, fragment, red ware, with yellow, brown, and green glaze, decorated with circular bosses in yellow, with green centre ; XIV Cent. St. Michael Bassishaw Church, 1899. 81 Jug, yellowish glaze with green patches, with a deeply-incised line round centre of body; XIV Cent.; 8f in. h. , 6 in. g. diam., 3| in. b., 3 in. m. London. 82 Jug, yellow ware, unglazed, flat base, tapering sides, expanding flanged rim; imperfect; XIV Cent. ; 6 in. h., 2 in. b. Bank of England. 83 Jug, in unglazed light clay, of squat form, with lines on neck ; the handle has a raised ridge on each edge which is finger-pressed at intervals, and it has also indented dots down centre and in middle of each depression ; XIV Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 6 in. b. , 4 in. m. London. 84 Jug, or pitcher, reddish coloured ware, with yellow glaze, ovoid body, neck expanding towards mouth; XIV Cent.; 15 in. h., 6 in. diam. 85 Jug, small patch of yellow glaze in front ; XIV Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4 in. g. diam., 2 in. b. , 2^ in. m. St. Martin's-le-Grand. 86 Jug, coarse ware, unglazed, of cylindrical form ; XIV Cent. ; Hi in. h., 5^ in. b. , 4 in. m. Mark Lane. 87 Jug, unglazed; XIV Cent. ; 7 in. h., 2f in. b., 2| in. m. Steel- yard. 88 Pitcher, reddish-brown ware, yellowish glaze, ornamented with bands of circular yellow dots on neck ; this pattern is repeated in chevrony bands on the body, from each line of the chevron runs a yellow slip band of semi-circular form ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 12 in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 4 in. b. PI. LXVI, 3. London. 89 Pitcher, green glaze; XIV Cent.; 9 in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 5 in. b., 3| in. m. Throgmorton Street. 90 Pitcher, green glazed, with flat base, finger-pressed, incised vertical lines on body; XIV Cent. ; 12^ in. h., 5{j in. b. , 3f in. m. 91 Pitcher, green glaze, horizontal bands on body, finger imprints on base; imperfect; XIV Cent.; 11 in. h., 6 in. b. Mark Lone. 92 Pitcher, green glaze, globular body, expanding base, and long, straight neck with flanged rim ; the centre of the neck is ribbed ; XIV Cent. ; llf in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 4 in. b. , 3 in. m. 93 Pitcher, green glazed ware, with incised spiral line round neck ; XIV Cent. ; 13^ in. h., 5| in. b., 4| in. m. Paternoster Row. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 183 94 Pitcher, green glazed, globular form, with fleur-de-lis or trident ornament embossed on body ; XIV Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 8 in. g. dium. , 5 in. b. , 3f in. m. London Wall. 95 Pitcher, green glazed ware, with raised vertical and diagonal bands, having bosses at intervals with hollow centres ; the spout is closed over above by continuation of the rim ; finger-marked round the base ; XIV Cent. ; 14 in. h. , 4f in. b. , 4 in. m. Mincing Lane. 96 Pitcher, green glazed ware, of slender form, with expanding base, the edge of the latter being finely indented ; imperfect ; XIV Cent.; present height 15 in., 4^ in. g. diam., 4 in. b. Bank of England. 97 Pitcher, green glazed ware, squat form, the body decorated with fir-cone ornament in relief ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 8^ in. h. , 7 in. g. diam , 4^ in. b., 4i in. m. PI. LXVII, 4. Bank of England. 98 Pitcher, mottled green glaze, globular body and short neck, with bands of diagonal and other lines incised on body; XIV Cent. 5 9 in. h., 9 in. g. diam. 99 Pitcher, with olive-green glaze, the body expands to a sharp ridge in centre; XIV Cent.; 7 in. h., 2^ in. g. diam., 2 in. b., 2 in. m. Southwark. 100 Pitcher, dark grey ware, with patches of green glaze, the form is somewhat slender, swelling in centre of body, and the handle is long and curved; XIV Cent.; 12| in. h. , 5 in. g. diam., 3i in. m., 3 in. b. PL LXVII, 7. Bank of England. 101 Pitcher, coarse grey ware, yellow glazed ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 15^ in. h. , 6 in. diam. London. 102 Pitcher, rough grey ware, green glazed; XIV Cent.; 7 in. h., 4 in. diam. Moor Lane, 1865. 103 Pitcher, light red ware, with streaks of yellow and red glaze, ovoid body, mouth curved over; XIV Cent. ; 17 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam., 3f in. m. , 4 in. b. Cripplegate, 1865. 104 Pitcher, red ware, yellow glaze, with ohevrony bands of brown, decorated with rows of yellow dots in centre of body, the base is finger-marked ; XIV Cent. ; 14 in. h. , 5| in. b. , 6 in. g. diam. PL LXVII, 6. Bank of England. 105 Pitcher, light yellow ware, greenish glaze, short broad body, broad neck, and curved handle, the base has four slight projections, caused by pressing out the clay with the thumb while soft ; XIV Cent. ; 9^ in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 5 in. b., 4 in. m. PL LXVII, 2. Bank of England. 106 Pitcher, light ware, yellow glazed, ovoid body, with neck expand- ing towards mouth; XIV Cent. ; 17 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4 in. m. , 3| in. b. Royal Exchange, 1841. Tite's " Catalogue of antiquities, Royal Exchange," No. 3. 107 Pitcher, yellow glaze with green streaks, the base is finger- marked ; XIV Cent. ; 13 in. h., 6 in. b., 4 in. m. London. 184 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 108 Ewer, coarse greeii glazed war:, embossed with fleurs-de-lis and what may be a scallop shell, oval depressions round base ; imperfect; XIV Cent. 5 13 in. h., 8 in. g. diam. , 5 in. b. London. 109 Jug, light grey ware, green glaze, with wide mouth, expanding gradually towards the base, which is finger-pressed in three places ; XIV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 5| in. b., 4 in. m. PI. LXVI, 9. St. Mary Axe. 110 Jar, small, of grey ware, XIV XV Cent. ; \ in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 111 Vase (?), portion only, yellow and green glaze, in form of a mask, somewhat coarsely executed, surrounded by a nimbus ; XIV Cent. Saint Martin' s-le-Grand, 1870. 112 Vase, fragment, with similar mask ; XIV Cent. London. 113 Portion of rim of vessel, green glazed, with a roughly-executed mask in relief ; on the flat rim above the mask is a circular medallion ; XIV Cent. Trinity Court, Aldersgate, 1868. 114 Bowl, portion only, green glazed, with sloping sides and flat rim, the latter decorated with wavy lines ; the body lias been deco- rated with grotesque human figures in relief, one of which remains ; XIV Cent. Saint Martiris-le- Grand, 1870. 115 Salt-cellar, or bowl, of dark grey clay covered with coarse mottled green glaze, ornamented with incised lines ; it has a rudely-formed mask attached to the rim ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 3f in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 116 Money box, green and yellow glaze; XIV Cent.; 2f in. h. , 2^ in. diam. 117 Money box, dark green glaze ; XIV Cent. ; 2| in. h., 3 in. diam. 118 Watering pot, or sprinkler, small, of coarse red ware, unglazed, the flat base is perforated with three small holes arranged in a triangle ; probablv XIV Cent. ; 4f in. h. , 3| in. diam. Moorgate Street. 119 Figure of man on horseback, green glazed ware ; imperfect ; a portion of a vessel ; XIV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 120 Neck of jug, green glazed, decorated with incised lines on body ; XIV Cent. Neivgate. 121 Jug, portion, green glazed, with broad, flat handles; indented dots on surface; XIV Cent. Newgate. XIV-XV CENTURIES. 122 Jug, light brown, with pattern of white lines on body and neck ; it has six indented marks on base; XIV XV Cent. ; 9 in. h., 7^ in. g. diam., 5 in. b. , 4 in. m. Drapers' Hall. 123 Jug, with irregular groups of white lines on brown ground ; XIV XV Cent, ; 9 in. h. , 9 in. g. diam. . 6| in. b. , 34 in. m. Farringdon Market. 124 Jug, reddish-brown ware, globular body decorated with vertical stripes of white, and light and dark brown ; the base is finger- pressed ; imperfect ; XIV XV Cent. ; 10 in. h. , 9 in. g. diam. PI. LXVTI, 3. London. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 185 125 Jug, pale buff clay, green and orange glaze, straight neck, ex- panding mouth, body ornamented with horizontal grooves ; XIV XV Cent. ; 8| in. h., 6 in. diam., 3| in. b., 3 in. m. PI. LXIX, 7. Bishops fate Street. 126 Jug, green glazed, tapering sides, ridged body ; XIV XV Cent. ; 5 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. London. 127 Jug, green glazed, with embossed ornament on body ; XIV XV Cent. ; 12 in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 5| in. b., 4 in. m. St. Mary Axe. 128 Jug, patches of dark green glaze, circular rim ; XIV XV Cent. ; 8 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 3| in. b., 3 in. m. London. 129 Jug, mottled green glaze; XIV XV Cent.; 7 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 3 in. m. 130 Jug, splash of olive-green glaze on body ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6 in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 2 in. b., 2| in. m. Thames, London. 131 Jug, speckled green glaze, ornamented with bands in relief, base indented; XIV XV Cent.; 8 in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 3| in. m. St. Mary Axe. 132 Jug, grey ware, mottled green glaze, of squat form with looped handle; XIV XV Cent. ; 6 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3| in. b., 3| in. m. London. 133 Jug, coarse grey ware, mottled green glaze, wide-mouthed neck ornamented with bands : XIV XV Cent. ; 6| in. h. , 5| in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 3 in. m. Coleman Street. 134 Jug, hard dark grey ware, covered with whitish slip, a patch of green glaze on one part, the body is strongly ribbed horizontally, and the base is thumb-marked ; the handle is missing ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6i in. h., 4| in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 2| in. m. Sank of England. 135 Jug, red ware, upper portion covered with buff-coloured slip and glazed, short neck with narrow fillet, rim flattened and sloping inwards, with small spout ; XIV XV Cent. ; 8| in. h. , 7| in. g. diam., 4| in. b., 3| in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 136 Jug, light red clay, mottled yellow and green glaze ; the body of the vessel swells from the shoulder, which is rigid, and con- tracts towards the base ; the handle is a solid loop ; XIV XV Cent. ; 14 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4g in. b., 4 in. m. Alders- gate Street. 137 Pitcher, grey ware, dark brown glaze, globular form, circular rim decorated with pattern of irregularly placed broad white lines ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4^ in. b., 3| in. m. London. 138 Costrel, or pilgrim's bottle, green glazed ware, of flattened form, with three looped ears for suspension ; the body is decorated with deeply-incised concentric bands at intervals, in the centre of the front of the object is an incised spiral ; XIV XV Cent. ; 8| in. 1., 7i in. w., 4 in. diam. PI. LXVIII, 13. Houndsditch, 1876. 139 Costrel, marbled ware, flattened globular body, long neck, ex- panding base, with lion's mask loops at sides ; XIV XV Cent. ; 10i in. h. Near Aldersgale Street, 1865. 186 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 140 Costrel, black marbled glaze, with side loops ; XIV XV Cent. ; 10 in. h. , 4 in. diam. Queen Victoria Street. 141 Costrel, marbled glaze, of unusual size ; imperfect ; XIV XV Cent. ; originally 12 in. h. , 7 in. diam. 142 Costrel, red and white marbled glaze ; the body is pear-shaped, with expanding foot, and the vessel is furnished with loops in the form of lions' masks; XIV XV Cent.; 11 in. h. South- work. 143 Costrel, similar type; XIV XV Cent. ; 11 in. h. PI. LXVI, 12. Southwark. 144 Costrel, similar type, with green and orange marbling ; XIV XV Cent. ; 11 in. h. Tower Street. 145 Costrel, similar type ; XIV XV Cent. ; 11 in. h. PI. LXVI, 6. Tower Street. 146 Costrel, mottled glaze, with lion's-mask loops ; XIV XV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 3 in. diam. 147 Drinking cup, yellow ware, with green glaze over greater portion of body, which is horizontally fluted ; XIV XV Cent. ; 3 in. h., 4^ in. m. , 2f in. b. Golden Lane. 148 Dish (?), fragment, yellow ware, green glazed, decorated with incised linear ornament ; XIV XV Cent. St. Michael Bassi- shaw Church, 1899. 149 Porringer, coarse grey ware, olive-brown and green glaze, body ornamented with horizontal grooves ; the vessel has a narrow everted rim and thick loop handle, and is supported by three finger-pressed projections; XIV XV Cent.; 4f in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 150 Pot, small, plain red ware, unglazed, with expanding mouth ; XIV XV Cent. ; 5 in. h., 2 in. g. diam., 2 in. b., If in. m. London Wall. 151 Ink-well, coarse green glazed ware, flattened globular body, slightly flanged rim to mouth ; XIV XV Cent. ; 1| x 2| in. 152 Jug, green glazed, fir-cone decoration on body ; XIV Cent. : 10 in. h., 8.J. in. g. diam., 4 in. m., 5 in. b. London. 153 Mask, green glazed (affix for a vase), in the form of a crowned male head ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. h. London. 154 Fragment of mouth of jug, brown glazed, in form of human mask, decorated in yellow slip : XIV XV Cent. Newgate. XV CENTURY. 155 Jug, or pitcher, small, ash-coloured ware, unglazed ; probably XV Cent. ; 5 in. h., 4 in. g. diam. London. 156 Jug, brown glazed, with circular rim; XV Cent.; 5 in. h., 3 in g. diam., 2| in. b. , If in. m. London. 157 Jug, coarse red-brown clay, unglazed; XV Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. Whitechapel. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 187 158 Jug, buff ware, upper part glazed with olive-green colour, having scroll-like ornament, the handle has a shallow groove at base ; XV Cent. ; 9| in. h., 7 in. g. cliam.. 4 in. b. , 4^ in. m. Fore St. 159 Jug, buff ware, mottled glaze, with ribs on body ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 160 Jug, or pitcher, pale yellow clay, yellow glazed ; XV Cent. ; 7| in. h., 4 in. diam. Coleman Street. 161 Jug, fawn-coloured ware, with painted flamboyant decoration of glazed yellow, and a band of colour round rim, two shallow incised lines are on the centre of the body, and four single finger depressions occur at equal distances round the base ; XV Cent. ; 8| in. h., 6 in. diam. London. 162 Jug, large size, coarse fawn-coloured ware, unglazed, the base of the vessel is finger-pressed ; XV Cent. ; 8| in. h. , 7 in. g. diam. , 6 in. b. , 5f in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 163 Jug, light ware, coated with dark green glaze ; XV Cent. : 8 in. h., 4i in. diam. Fenchurch Street, 1865. 164 Jug, green glazed ware; XV Cent.; 8 in. h. , 4 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 2 in. m. Fleet Street. 165 Jug, green glazed ware; XV Cent. ; 6 in. h., 4f in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 2 in. m. Fleet Street. 166 Jug. coarse red ware, yellow-brown glaze, broad base, tapering body, with pronounced ridges at intervals; XV Cent. ; 5j in. h., 5i in. b., 3| in. m. PI. LXVI, 2. Ivy Lane. 167 Jug, red ware, unglazed, white band round neck, with flamboyant ornament in white on body ; the mouth has a small spout ; XV Cent. ; 8 in. h., 5| in. diam., 3| in. b., 3 in. m. PI. LXIX, 5. Basinghall Street. 168 Jug, reddish-coloured glaze, overhanging circular rim, pronounced ridges on neck ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. , 4| in. b. , 5 in. m. London. 169 Jug, red ware, with yellow glaze under lip, tall form, ridged neck, grooved rim and stout side handle ; XV Cent. ; 10^ in. h. , 7 in. g. diam., 4| in. m., 4 in. b. Aldersgate Street. 170 Pitcher, light ash-coloured ware, traces of yellow glaze, handle partly perforated at intervals ; XV Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 7 in. diam. Lombard Street, 1868. 171 Pitcher, dark grey ware, squat broad form, small short neck, pinched spout, handle decorated with groups of short scored lines ; XV Cent. ; 11 in. h., 10 in. g. diam., 6 in. b., 4J: in. m. Bank of England. 172 Jug, coarse red ware, brown and yellow glaze over front, con- cave rim with small spout, and two fillets round neck ; XV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 6| in. g. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 173 Jug, small, red-brown ware, with a splash of dull greenish-yellow glaze under lip, flat handle; XV Cent.; 6f in. h., 7 in. diam. Creed Lane, 1858. 174 Pitcher, reddish-brown ware, partially yellow glazed, decorated with concentric rings in relief; XV Cent. ; 10 in. h., 6 in. diam. 188 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 175 Pitcher, brownish-yellow glaze, fluted body, and four flutings on neck ; XV Cent. ; 7| in. h. , 7 in. g. diam, , 4^ in. b. , 4 in. m. London. 176 Jug, yellow-green glazed, with narrow neck; XV Cent. ; 8 in. h., 4 in. g. diam. London. 177 Jug, light ware, with patch of brown glaze below spout, flattened globular body, short neck, expanding rim ; at the base are three groups of indented marks; XV Cent.; 6 in. h., 7 in. g. diam.. 3| in. m., 5 in. b. Laurence Pountney Hill, 1851. 178 Mask, human, coarsely-designed, yellow glazed ware, picked out in green and brown (portion of a larger object) ; XV Cent. ; 3^ x 3 in. Bishopsgate Street. 179 Mask, green glazed, in form of human face, wearing a Hat cap (spout of a vessel) ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. h. London. 180 Costrel, brown glazed ware; XV Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. Moorfields. 181 Costrel, coarse red ware, brown glazed, flattened form, ornamented on one face with concentric lines, the sides furnished with loops for suspension ; XV Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 4 in. w. London. 182 Costrel, pale yellow clay, the upper side covered with green and yellow glaze, the under face flattened ; the vessel has loops for suspension; XV Cent.; 5 in. h., 3| in. diam. PI. LXVIII, 2. Gray's Inn Road. 183 Costrel, or pilgrim's bottle, portion only, yellow glazed ware, with blue patches, having a crowned fleur-de-lis (badge of the Medici) embossed on the body ; probably of foreign manufacture ; imper- fect ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. h. Throgmorton Street. J.B.A.A., xxx, p. 431. 184 Costrel, yellow green glaze, with flattened sides ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 6 in. diam. J.B.A.A., xxiv, p. 61. 185 Costrel, unglazed; XV Cent.; 5 in. h., 5 in. diam. Paper Buildings, Temple, 1868. 186 Vase-shaped vessel, brown ware, plain; XV Cent.; 3 in. h., 2 in. diam. Sermon Lane, 1869. 187 Vase, portion of mouth, light red ware, unglazed, on one part is a rudely-executed human face, and below the rim is a scal- loped band; XV (?) Cent. ; 4 in. diam. London Wall, 1866. 188 Dish, or saucer, small, green glazed; XV Cent. ; 1 in. h., 5 in. diam. Nicholas Lane. 189 Saucer, green glazed ware, with concentric groove in centre of bowl ; Xv Cent. ; 4 in. diam. London. 190 Saucer, yellow ware, green glazed; XV Cent. ; 2 in. h., 5 in. diam. Long Alley, Moorfields. 191 Saucer, yellow ware, green glazed; XV Cent.; li in. 1., 5 in. diam. Steelyard. 192 Porringer, of light buff ware, with yellow glaze ; XV Cent. ; 1^ in. h. , 4| in. diam. Leadenhall Market. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 189 193 Porringer, green glazed ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. h., 8| in. diani. Knightrider Street. 194 Porringer, olive-green glaze, with sides more upright ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. n. , 4 in. diam. London. 195 Porringer, orange and green glaze, straight sides, with tubular handle and three feet ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. h., 3| in. diam. Bishops- gate Street. 196 Porringer, yellow glazed ware; XV Cent. ; 2 in. h., 3 in. diam. Sermon Lane, 1867. 197 Pipkin, green glazed, of unusual form ; the base is extremely slender ; rim flanged and broad, body expands abruptly midway from the base; XV Cent.; 3 in. h., 2 in. b.. 2| in. centre of body, 3| in. m. London. 198 Money box, of green glazed ware, with slit on shoulder ; fractured beneath to extract the money ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. h. , 3 in. diam. 199 Money box, light ware, unglazed ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. h., 4 in. diam. Southward, 1869. 200 Money box, mottled glaze ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 3 in. diam. 201 Money box, red and yellow glaze, in the form of a toad (? ) ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. h. , in. diam. Lime Street.. 202 Vessel, with ovoid body, and large mouth at one side, traces of arched handle above ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 7 in. diam. 203 Watering pot, dark green glazed ware, perforated base ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. h., 7 in. diam. Railway Station, Moorfields. 204 Watering pot, dark red ware, brown glaze at top, with flamboyant ornament in white ; XV Cent. ; 11 in. h. , 9 in. diam. PI. LXVII, 5. London. 205 Bottle, portion, dark green glazed, with deep constriction at centre of body, bulbous neck and slightly expanding mouth : XV Cent. ; 2| in. g.d., 1 in. m. Newyate. 206 Jar of black ware ; wide mouth, with sharply-turned rim ; bulging body; 3 in. h., 5 in. g.d., 3^ in. b. Moot-fields, 1866. 207 Portion of "bird call." dark green glazed ware, with conical top; XV Cent.; 2| in. h., 1| in. g.d. Hambro Wharf, 1904. 208 Saucer or dish, light buff clay, covered with mottled green glaze : XV Cent. ; 1 in. h., 5 in. d. XV XVI CENTURIES. 209 Jug, brown glazed ware, with finger-indented base ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 5 in. g. diam., 2J in. m., 3 in. b. St. Martin's- le-Grand, 1870. 210 Jug, pale buff .clay, green glazed; XV XVI Cent.; 6| iu. h., 3J in. diam. Fleet Street. 211 Jug, green glazed; XV XVI Cent.; 7 in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 212 Jug, green glazed; XV XVJ Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4^ in. g. diam. Queen Victoria Street. 190 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 213 Jug, green glazed; XV XVI Cent.; 5| in. h., 3| in. diam. Fleet Street. 214 Jug, green glazed ware; XV XVI Cent.; 8| in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 2f in. b., 2f in. m. Shoe Lane. 215 Jug, green glazed ware; XV XVI Cent.; 6| in. h., 3| in. g. diam., 2f in. b., 2 in. m. Temple Gardens. 216 Jug, green glazed, mis-shapen, probabty in baking ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 3| in. g. diam., 2f in. b., 2| in. m. Gray's Inn Road. 217 Jug, green glazed, with large brown patch of glaze on one side ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3 in. g. diam., 2| in. b., 3 in. m. Gray's Inn Road. 218 Jug, or pitcher, red ware, green glazed, with ridged neck ; XV XVI Cent. ; 10| in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 3| in. b., 4f in. m. Moor- fields. 219 Jug, or pitcher, red ware, unglazed, with handle and small mouth ; XV XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h. . 7 in. diam. Green Drayon Yard, Sishopsgate. 220 Jug, coarse red clay, with green and yellow glaze on front, the neck is ornamented with two fillets, the handle is a plain, solid loop; XV XVI Cent.; 10^ in. h.. 7 in. g. diam. Bishopsyate Street. 221 Jug, coarse red clay, mottled green and yellow glaze on front, the base of the handle has three indents ; XV XVI Cent. ; 9 in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 5^ in. b. , 4 in. m. Sishopsgate Street. 222 Jug, coarse red ware, yellow glaze over front, double concave rim, small spout, neck ornamented with two fillets ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8| in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 4^ in. m. Fore Street. 223 Jug, red clay, glazed in places ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 224 Jug, yellow glazed, of squat form, with grooved rim, and looped handle at side ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h. , 4 in. diam. River Fleet, 1862. 225 Jug, yellowish-green glaze, ovoid body, expanding mouth ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 226 Jug, yellow green glaze ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 4 in. g. diam. Queen Victoria Street. 227 Jug, or mug, upper portion glazed, with large cup-shaped mouth and small pinched spout ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 3| in. diam. Fleet Street. 228 Fragment of vessel, green glazed, on which is a figure of the Virgin and Child in brown colour, in relief ; above is a Tudor rose, and another below, also in brown ; XV XVI Cent. London. 229 Pitcher, greyish ware, yellowish-green glaze ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8^ in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 4| in. b. , 4 in. m. Half Moon Street, Bishopsgate. 230 Pitcher, red ware, green and yellow glaze ; XV XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 4 in. m. Liverpool Street. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 191 231 Pitcher, reddish ware, with yellow glaze ; XV XVI Cent. ; 9 in. h., 7 in. diam. Liverpool Street, 1864. 232 Pitcher, reddish-brown ware, with mottled green glaze, neck strongly ribbed; XV XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h., 7| in. diam. Bar- bican, 1872. 233 Pitcher, yellow glaze, ridged neck with projecting rim ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 4| in. m. Doivgate. 234 Costrel. light buff ware, green glazed, with short neck and side loops ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h. Royal Exchange, 1841. 235 Costrel, similar type, brown glazed ; XV XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h. , 6 in. diam. 236 Costrel, green glazed, globular form ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h., 7 in. diam. Clerkenwell, 1864. 237 Costrel. red clay, with more flattened body ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6| in. diam. Shoe Lane. 238 Costrel, gourd-shaped, red clay, with flattened base ; XV XVI Cent. ; 10^ in. h., 6| in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 239 Costrel, red clay, similar ; XV XVI Cent. ; 71 in. h. London Wall. 240 Costrel, red clay, similar type ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 6 in. diam. London. 241 Costrel, similar type, unglazed ; XV XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h., 8 in. diam. 242 Jar, or cup, small, green glazed ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3f in. h. , 2^ in. diam. Fore Street, 1864. 243 Mug, tall, green glazed, cylindrical, body horizontally ribbed, and slightly-expanding mouth; XV XVI Cent. ; 9 in. h., 3 in. diam. King Street, Cheapside, 1867. 244 Mug, cylindrical, green glazed ware, body decorated with indented chevrony lines and raised horizontal ribs ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h., 44 in. diam. PI. LXVIII, 11. London. 245 Cup, green glazed ware, with handle; XV XVI Cent. ; 3| in. h., 4 in. diam. of body, 4^ in. diam. of mouth. Queen Victoria Street. 246 Drinking cup, green glazed; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 3| in. b., 4| in. m. Golden Lane. 247 Drinking vessel, dark green glazed ware, with indented rim and raised bands on body ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. London. 248 Cup, or bowl, green glazed interior; XV XVI Cent.; 2 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 249 Ink well, reddish ware, dark glaze; XV XVI Cent.; 3 in. h.. 2 in. diam. Clerkenwell, 1867. 250 Dish, or bowl, double-lobed, in greenish glazed ware ; imperfect ; the dividing ridge is finger-marked ; XV XVI Cent. ; 1J in. h. City of London. 192 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 251 Bowl, brown-coloured ware, globular body, narrow rim, grooved sides and roughly-made flanged base ; a painted wreath of slight leaves is faintly discernible below the rim ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3i X 3| in. Gracechurch Street, 1866. 252 Bowl, yellow ware, unglazed, with three projecting spines on rim f small side handles and pedestalled foot ; in the centre of the bowl is a small depression; XV XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h., 2^ in. b., 4 in. m. London Wall. Appears to have been used to hold molten metal. 253 Bowl, with indented sides and handle ; imperfect ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 6 in. diam. Gracechurch Street, 1866. 254 Basin-shaped vessel, red-brown glaze, with wide mouth ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 7 in. diam. Royal Excliange, 1841. 255 Porringer, coarse ware ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 256 Porringer, green glazed; XV XVI Cent.; 2 in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 257 Pipkin, brown glazed interior, of shallow form ; XV XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h., 1-| in. diam. b. , 4| in. m. Petticoat Lane. 258 Pipkin, or cooking vessel, bright green glazed interior ; XV XVI Cent. ; 2^ in. h., 2-f in. b., 4f in. m. London. 259 Pipkin, green glazed, with three feet and ribbed body ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 260 Pipkin, yellow glazed ware ; XV XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 261 Basin-shaped vessel, reddish-brown ware, green glazed within ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 8 in. diam. New Post Office, 1824. 262 Crucible, coarse reddish ware, cup form, with narrow tubular base; XV XVI Cent. ( ?) ; 3 in. h., 3 in. g. diam., H in. 1. 263 Money-box, green glazed ware; XV XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3| in. diam. PL LXVIII, 3. Bishopsgate Street. 264 Money box, yellow-green glaze ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. Snow Hill, 1865. 265 Bird-call, buff ware ; XV XVI Cent. ; 2 x 2 in. London. 266 Feeding bottle, yellow glazed ware ; XV XVI Cent, ; 4 x 3 in. Mansion House, 1866. 267 Watering pot, green glazed, hemispherical body, with short neck and expanding rim in which is a small hole ; the flat under-face is also perforated with a number of holes ; the object has a short looped handle; XV XVI Cent. ; 10| in. h., 7| in. diam. Chis- well Street. 268 Watering pot, reddish-brown ware, mottled green glaze on front, body decorated with incised lines ; the handle has three indenta- tion's on base ; XV XVI Cent. ; 12 in. h. , 8 in. diam. Chiswell Street. 269 Watering pot, red glazed ware, body ornamented with narrow horizontal bands; XV XVI Cent.; 10 in. h., 8 in. diam. Moor Lane. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 193 270-282 Spindle-whorls (thirteen) , glazed, of flattened globular form ; circa XV XVI Cent. ; 1 to 1 in. diam. 283 Vessel, portion of mouth, light grey clay, with yellow-brown glaze, decorated with raised slip ; XV XVI Cent. ' St. Michael Bassishaw Church, 1899. XVI CENTURY. 284 Jug, blackish ware, sharp ridge on neck, flanged rim, with five foot-like projections at base ; XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h., 7i in. g. diam., 4f in. b. , If in. m. Queen Victoria Street. 285 Jug, three-handled, brown glazed ware, having three curious incised human masks on the body ; XVI Cent.; 5^ in. h., 4f in. diam. PL LXXII, 1. 286 Jug, brown glazed ware, ornamented with concentric bands ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 287 Jug, olive-brown glaze; XVI Cent.; 6| in. h., 3| in. g. diam., 2| in. b., 2 in. m. Temple Gardens. 288 Jug, light buff ware, yellow glazed ; the rim is decorated with horizontal grooves ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. diam. , 3 in. b. London Wall. 289 Jug, or pitcher, pale buff clay, with flat looped handle ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h., 3| in. diam. PI. LXVIII, 14. Fleet Street. 290 Jug, thick and heavy substance, green glazed ; XVI Cent. - r 6 in. h. , 3| in. diam. Gray's Inn Road. 291 Jug, green glazed ware; XVI Cent.; 4 in. h., 6 in. diam. Victoria Street. 292 Jug, green glazed; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3| in. diam., 2f in. b., 3 in. m. Temple Gardens. 293 Jug, green glazed, XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. PL LXVIII, 5. London Bridge. 294 Jug, green glazed ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. h. , 4 in. g. diam. London. 295 Jug, green glazed ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. h. , 3 in. g. diam., 2| in. b., 3 in. m. Temple Gardens. 296 Jug, green glazed, with flanged rim ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4 in diam. Old Street. 297 Jug, green glazed ware; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 2| in. m. Fleet Street. 298 Jug, apple-green glaze; XVI Cent.; 6 in. h., 3| in. diam. Fleet Street. 299 Jug, delicate green glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. h. , 3| in. diam. Fleet Street. 300 Jug, light green glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 5g in. h., 3 in. diam. Fleet St. 301 Jug, mottled green glaze, XVI Cent. ; 4| in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 2| in. b. , 2 in. m. Gray's Inn Road. 302 Jug, pale green glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. h. , 3| in. diam. Fleet Street. 303 Jug, or pitcher, small, smooth green glaze ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. h., 4 in. diam. Gray's Inn Road. 14 194 - MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 304 Jug, dark grey ware, traces of brown glaze, with three projec- tions at base; XVI Cent.; 11 in. h., 8 in. g. diain., 5 in. b., 4 in. m. Ivy Lane. 305 Jug, or pitcher, small, light grey ware, with yellow exterior, covered (over the larger portion) with dark green glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. h., 4^ in. diam. London. 306 Jug, of similar ware and form ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 4| in. diam. Gray's Inn Road. 307 Jug, red ware, yellow glaze under lip ; XVI Cent. ; 10^ in. h. , 7^ in. g. diam., 4^ in. b. , 4| in. m. Aldersgate Street. 308 Jug, red ware, mottled dark green glaze, ovoid body, ridged neck with perpendicular sides; XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h., ?i in. g. diam., 4 in. b., If in. m. London. 309 Jug, coarse red ware, unglazed, with globular body and solid loop handle ; XVI ( ?) Cent. ; 3| in. h. , 3 in. diam. London. 310 Jug, pale red ware, yellowish brown glaze, with pinched lip, and incised line round body ; the base is flanged ; XVI Cent. ; 7f in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4^ in. b., 4^ in. m. London. 311 Jug, small, red-brown ware; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 312 Jug-shaped vessel, yellow glazed, perforated at base ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 313 Jug, light stone ware, with narrow neck, tapering body, and indented base; XVI Cent. ; 10^ in. h., 4 in. diam. 314 Jug, light-coloured ware; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. h., 4 in. diam. 315 Jug, light-coloured ware, glazed; XVI Cent.; 8 in. h., 4 in. diam. 316 Jug, or mug, upper portion glazed, with large cup-shaped mouth and small pinched spout; XVI Cent.; 5 in. h., 3| in. diam. Gray's Inn Road. 317 Jug, or mug, of same general form; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3 in diam. PI. LXVIII, 16. Gray's Inn Road. 318 Pitcher, brown glazed ware, with spout below the rim ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 8 in. diam. Queen Victoria Street, 1872. 319 Pitcher, brown glaze with yellow patches, having ridged neck ; XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. , 4 in. b. , 4 in. m. Cannon Street. 320 Costrel, light ash-coloured ware, green glazed ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. 321 Costrel, brown glazed ware; XVI Cent.; 3 in. h., 3 in. diam. Monlewell Street, 1868. 322 Costrel, brown glazed, slightly expanding mouth and pierced ears for suspension ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 3| in. diam. PL LXX, 7. London Wall. 323 Costrel, brown glazed, globular body, with two loops for sus- pension; XVI Cent.; 7J in. h., 6J in. diam. London. 324 Costrel, brown glazed ware; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. Blackman Street, 1865. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 195 325 Costrel, dark brown glazed ware; XVI Cent.; 3 in. h., 3 in, diam. London. 326 Costrel, light buff clay, green glazed with spherical body and expanding foot ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 4f in. diam. Westminster. 327 Costrel, light ware, green glazed, of unusual bottle-shaped form ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 328 Costrel, red ware, with bright glaze; XVI Cent. (?); 5 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 329 Costrel, in salt-glazed ware, with looped handles (one missing), having a coarsely-executed figure of a bird in blackish-brown colour on the front ; probably English manufacture ; circa XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 1 in. m. 330 Mug, red-brown ware, with tapering base ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 3 in. g. diam. Liverpool Street, 1872. 331 Cup, or vase, with bright glaze upon upper portion of body ; the vessel is decorated with raised bands, and tapers from above, expanding again at the base to form a foot ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. h., 3| in. diam. PI. LXVIII, 15. Gray's Inn Road. 332 Cup, or vase, mottled glaze, with scalloped edge ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h. Drapers' Hall, 1868. 333 Drinking cup, light buff ware, the interior and exterior covered with mottled green glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 2| in. diam. London Wall. 334 Cup, or basin, greyish-black ware, red glazed within ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 5 in. diam. Dowgate, 1883. 335 Cup, small, light buff ware, probably for putting inside a larger vessel, to melt glue ; XVI Cent. ; 2| in. h. , 3| in. diam. Fleet Street. 336 Drinking cup, yellow ware, yellow-green glaze, with horizontal grooves on body, finger-pressed base; XVI Cent.; 5^ in. h., 4 in. m., 4 in. b. Barbican, 1903. 337 Cup, or salt-cellar, shallow, light buff clay, with yellow glazed interior ; the bowl is supported by a pedestalled base ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 3 -^ in. diam. London Wall. 338 Vase, or drinking cup, grey pottery, greenish yellow glaze, with raised bands on body ; XVI Cent. ; 4^ in. h. , 3 in. diam. PL LXVIII, 6. 339 Bowl, green glaze without, yellow glaze within, of flat form, with seven curved handles ; where the upper portions of handles are joined to rim, the latter is incurved, giving it a somewhat seven-looped appearance ; on the bottom of the interior of the bowl is a roughly-modelled figure of a stag, and on the sides are the bases of three trees, now broken away ; a " toast " bowl ; XVI Cent. ; 10 in. diam. of mouth, 3 in. h., 3i in. b. PL XCIV, 7. London. 340 Bowl, fragment, similar to above, green glazed, with a tree projecting from the side ; XVI Cent. ; 3^ in. w. London. 341 Bowl, shallow, brown glazed ware, with side handle ; XVI Cent. ; 2^ in. h. , 4 in. g. diam. London. 342 Bowl, red glazed ware, deep form, with handle ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 6 in. diam. 14* 196 MEDIEVAL POTTERY, 843 Bowl or pot, yellow glazed ware, deeply concave below rim ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 7 in. diam. Dowgafe, 1883. 344 Bowl, bright yellow glaze, of graceful form ; XVI Cent. ; 3| in. h.,. 7 in. diam. London Wall. 345 Bowl, bright yellow glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 4f in. h. , 6 in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 346 Bowl or basin, yellow internal glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 9 in. diam. London. 347 Saucer, pale red clay, green glazed; XVI Cent.; 1 in. h.,. 4 in. diam. London Wall. 348 Saucer, small, coarse red ware, unglazed, with flat projecting rim r below which is a band of incised lines ; XVI ( ?) Cent. ; If in. h. ,. *i in. diam. London. 349 Saucer, double, wi.th small loop handle at side ; XVI Cent. ;. 5| in. 1., If in. h., 3 in. diam. Ludgate Hill. 350 Porringer, coarse red ware, brown glazed ; the body is cup- shaped, with small lip ; the vessel is decorated with incised lines,. and has three small feet ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 351 Porringer, red-brown glazed ware, bowl-shaped, with flat, broad rim, curved handle and three feet; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h., 4| in. diam. London. 352 Porringer, light buff ware, with reddish brown glaze, the sides are upright, and corrugated for about half the depth of the vessel, and then taper rapidly towards the base ; XVI Cent. ; 3i in. h. , 5 in. g. diam. Fore Street. 353 Porringer or pipkin, buff ware, greenish-brown glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 2| in. h., 5 in. diam. Liverpool Street. 354 Porringer, buff clay, with olive-green glazed interior, the body tapers from rim to base, has a small branched handle and a small lip or spout ; XVI Cent. ; If in. h. , 3 in. g. diam. Fleet Street. 355 Porringer, pale green glaze; XVI Cent.; 3| in. h., 4^ in. g. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 356 Porringer, green glazed ware, with spout; XVI Cent. ; 3| in. h. ^ 4 in. diam. Basinghall Street, 1895. 357 Porringer, orange glaze, of bowl form, with side handle ; XVI Cent. ; 2f in. h., 4| in. g. diam. Fore Street. 358 Porringer or cooking pot, yellow glazed ware, with tubular handle- and three feet ; a cover is placed on top of this vessel to show the complete utensil ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 359 Porringer, of pinkish clay, interior orange glazed, similar in form to last, but also having a small lip or spout, and a vertical loop handle; XVI Cent. ; 1J in. h., 4^ in. g. diam. Fore Street. 360 Porringer, red glazed ware, somewhat cup-shaped, with side handle ; XVI Cent. ; 2| X 4 X 3 in. Basinghall Street, 1895. 361 Porringer, buff ware, yellow glazed interior, with splashes of green glaze near base ; XVI Cent. ; 21 in. h., 5| in. diam. London. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 197 362 Porringer, interior yellow glazed ; XVI Cent. ; 2^ in. h., 4f in. diam. Basinghall Street. 363 Porringer, or pipkin, similar to previous example ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 364 Porringer, buff ware, yellow glazed, with looped handle ; XVI Cent. ; 1 in. h., 4 in. diam. Fleet Street. 365 Pipkin, coarse ware, with two handles, and remains of three feet ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 6 in. diam. Nag's Head Court, 1866. 366 Pipkin, brown glazed, with handle and three feet ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 5 in. diam. Drapers' Hall, 1868. 367 Pipkin, pale greenish yellow glaze; XVI Cent.; 4^ in. h., 4| in. g. diam. PL LXVIII, 9. London Watt. 368 Pipkin, bright orange-red glaze, bowl-shaped, on three feet ; XVI Cent. ; 3| in. h. , 5 in. diam. Aldersgate Street. 369 Pipkin, or cooking vessel, yellow ware, with three feet ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 5 in. diam. 370 Cooking vessel, red-brown glaze, with olive-green splashes ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 5 in. w. Lime Street. 371 Cooking jar or pot, red ware, brownish-green glaze, with three short legs ; XVI Cent. ; 11 in. h., 7| in. diam., 5$ in. b., 8| in. m. Sovthwark. 372 Cooking vessel (?), yellow-green glazed ware, with fluted loop handle; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 6| in. diam. Greenyard, 1893. 373 Cooking vessel, coarse grey ware, of mottled green glaze, with three fluted feet ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. , 6| in. diam. London. 374 Cooking vessel, bright red ware, strongly glazed, the basin-shaped body being straight-sided for about half its depth, and having an everted rim and pair of loop handles ; the vessel has also three short feet; XVI Cent.; 6 in. h., 8| in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 375 Cooking vessel, hard stone-coloured ware, with broad, flat-chan- nelled handle, having three finger-indsnts at base ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. h., 6 in. diam. Ivy Lane. 376 Cooking vessel or porringer, pale buff ware, greenish-yellow glaze splashed with green, of the usual form ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. h., 7 in. diam. London Wall. 377 Cooking vessel, yellow glazed ware ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 2f in. diam. London. 378 Circular vessel, green glazed, with wide mouth, and rounded base (a cooking vessel?); XVI Cent. ; 10 in. h., 12 in. diam. 379 Pot, of small size, partly covered with green glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h., 1 in. diam. London. 380 Pan or bowl, yellow glazed ware ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 9 in. diam. London. 381 Jar or pot, light buff clay, yellow glazed within, with one handle ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 6 in. diam. London. A cover is placed on top of this specimen to show the complete vessel. 198 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 382 Candlestick, green glazed, of squat form; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h., 4^ in. g. diani. Charterhouse Street. 883 Candlestick, light ware, green glazed, with handle ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h. London. 384 Candlestick, green glazed, showing signs of heat ; XVI Cent. ; 4^ in. h. London Wall. 385 Candlestick, green glazed, with handle ; XVI Cent. ; 44 in. h. PI. LXVIII, 1. 386 Candlestick, flat, red ware, with olive-coloured glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 4f in. h. Bishopsgate Street. 387 Candlestick, light buff clay, yellow glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. h. Bishopsgate Street. 388 Candlestick, yellow glazed ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. h. Bishopsgate Street. 389 Candlestick, yellow glazed ware; XVI Cent.; 2 in. h., 3 in. diam. 390 Candlestick, yellow glazed ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. London. 391 Candlestick, yellow glazed ware, with conical base and tubular socket; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. h. Bishopsgate Street. 392 Candlestick, yellow glazed ware ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 4 in. diam. High Street, Wapping, 1887. 393 Ink-pot (?), red ware, green glazed, with straight sides, grooved neck, and contracting base ; XVI Cent. ; 2 x 1 in. London. 394 Ink-well, greyish clav, green glaze; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 2| in. diam. Leadenhall Street. 395 Drug or ink-pot, red clay, green glazed; XVI Cent. ; 2-fa in. h., 1 in. diam. London. 396 Circular object, of oolite, depressed in the centre, probably for paint; Tudor (?); in. h., 1| in. diam. Wilson Street, Finsbury. 397 Jar, small, light yellow glaze; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 2 in. diam. London. 398 Money-box, green glazed ware; XVI Cent. ; 3| in. h., 2| in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 399 Money box, light clay, with globular body ; XVI Cent. ; 3^? in. h., 2f in. diam. Ch-ay's Inn Road. 400 Money box, buff ware, ordinary type; XVI Cent.; 3 in. h., 3 ^g in. diam. Bank Station, C.L.R., 1897. 401 Feeding bottle, yellow glazed ware ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 2^ in. h., If in. g. diam., 1 in. m., 1 in. b. London Wall. 402 Feeding bottle, yellow glazed ware ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h. , 3 in. diam. Old Swan Lane, 1867. J.B.A.A., xxvi, p. 112. 403 Vessel, green glazed, small size; XVI Cent.; 4 in. h., 6| in. diam. London. 404 Vessel, yellow ware, greenish-yellow glaze ; XVI Cent. ; 6 X 6| in. Liverpool Street. 405 Vessel, reddish ware, glazed within, in form of a crucible (perhaps a pap-boat) ; XVI Cent. ; 1 in. h. , 2 in. diam. , 3 in. 1. London. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 199 406 Vessel, yellow glazed ware ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 6 in. diam. Cutlers' Hall, Warwick Lane. 407 Bed pan, light ware, green glazed, flat form, with large hollow handle; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 14 in. g. diam. of bowl. London. 408 Bed pan, bright green glazed ware ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. diam. London. 409 Chafing dish (?), in greenish glazed ware, composed of a flat saucer-shaped bowl, with side-handles, pierced with a number of holes, supported on a pedestalled base, the front of which has an arched opening for the reception of the heating material ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 3 in. b. London. 410 Chafing dish, buff ware, yellow glazed, consisting of a shallow bowl, with pedestalled base ; the bowl is ornamented with incised lines, and bosses project from the rim ; the base of the bowl is perforated, and the foot has an arched opening on one side; XVI Cent. ; 4f in. h., 7| in. m., 4 in. b. PI. LXVIII, 4. Fore, Street. 411 Fuming pot, or stove, with cover, of coarse red clay, with red glaze ; the body is urn-shaped with overhanging rim and two horizontal loop handles ; the sloping shoulder is perforated with three rows of smalt holes; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 5^ in. g. diam. London. 412 Fuming pot, or stove, yellow glazed, with perforated bowl and pierced base ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 413 Watering-pot, green glazed, perforated base, and thumb-hole at top; XVI Cent.; 12^ in. h.. 8 in. diam. Moor Lane. 414 Stove, or fumigator, reddish-brown ware ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 5f in. h., 4^ in. diam. 415 Watering-pot, reddish- brown glazed ware, with handle, small orifice at top, perforated base ; XVI Cent. ; 12 in. h., 8 in. diam. 416 Watering pot, red ware, tall ovoid body, perforated at base, with meandering lines of white pigment as decoration round neck ; XVI Cent. ; 14 in. h., 9 in. g. diam. London. 417 Watering pot, red ware, somewhat conical body, flat perforated base, small air hole at top; XVI Cent.; 9 in. h.. 6^ in. b.. 8 in. g. diam., 2 in. m. London. 418 Circular tray, buff ware, green glazed, with three concentric divisions (probably for feeding birds); XVI Cent.; 1 in. h., 5i in. diam. PI. LXVIII, 8. London. 419 Bird whistle, grey ware, mottled glaze ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 2| in. h. , 2 in. diam. Little Bell Alley. 420 Bird whistle, similar, in form of a small ewer, with loop handle ; the whistle slides in and out of a hole in the side ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h., 2 in. diam. PI. LXVIII. 7. Little Bell Alley. 421 Bird whistle, in the form of a bird ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 2i in. h. London Wall. 422 Bird whistle, green glazed ware, with brown patches, in form of a bird ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. h. Moorgate Street. 200 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. XVI-XVIl CENTURIES. 423 Jug, green glazed; XVI XVII Cent.; 6 in. h., 3^ in. g. diam., 2 in. b., 2 in. m. %leet Street. 424 Jug, yellow glazed, of good form; XVI XVII Cent.; 5 in. h., 4 in. diam. London Wall, 1866. 425 Jar or pot, light buff clay, yellow glazed interior, with one handle ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. h., 6 in. diam. London. 426 Pitcher, brown glaze; XVI XVII Cent.; Hi in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 4f in. b., 4^ in. m. Barge Yard. 427 Pitcher, with portions of blue enamelled glaze still remaining ; XVI XVII Cent.; 6 in. h., 4f in. g. diam., 2| in. m., 3 in. b. 428 Jar, or pan, buff clay, with yellow glaze, having spots of light green; the sides of the vessel taper towards the base and are decorated with a horizontal band of three incised lines, the handles are horizontal loops ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 8| in. m., 5 in. b. London. 429 Vase for ointment (?), yellow glazed ware, with incurved sides; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 1 in. diam. London. 430 Jar, reddish ware, yellow green glaze, ornamented with bands ; on one side is affixed a mask, and there are traces of two others ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. h. London. 431 Jar, yellow glazed ware, funnel-shaped ; imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. London. 432 Costrel, red unglazed ware, globular body ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 433 Costrel, plain red ware ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. Farring- don Road. 434 Costrel, red ware, globular body, slender neck ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h., 6 in. diam. Gun Wharf. 435 Platter, light grey ware, with dark olive glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 1 x 8 in. Dowgate. 436 Platter, red ware, with brown glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. diam. Basinghall Street. 437 Platter, light buff ware, with yellow glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9 in. diam. Basinghall Street. 438 Bowl, black coloured ware, with narrow rim ; XVI XVII Cent. ; If X 2 in. London. 439 Porringer, brown glazed, bowl form ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2$ in. h. , 4i in. g. diam. London. 440 Porringer, red ware, glazed inside and out, having a graceful cup- shaped body with slightly everted rim, and a looped handle and foot; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 5 in. diam. Fore Street. 441 Porringer, red glazed ware; XVI XVII Cent.; 2 in. h., 4| in. diam. Basinghall Street, 1895. 442 Porringer, greyish-yellow glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 443 Porringer, greenish-yellow glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 6 in. diam. London. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 201 444 Pipkin, yellow glazed, of shallow form, with handle and three feet; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 5 in. ilium., 3 in. w. London. 445 Cooking pot, pale buff clay, with greenish-yellow glaze, the specimen is pan-shaped with grooved rim ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h., 9 in. diam. Fore Street. 446 Cooking vessel, buff ware, with broad rim and two broad fluted handles; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h., 6 in. g. diam. Moor Lane. 447 Cooking vessel, or porringer, red glazed within ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. London. 448 Candlestick, grey ware, green glazed, of tall form, with saucer- shaped bowl, and expanding base ; the shaft is banded, and the edges of the bands deeply notched ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 10| in. h., 4 in. diam. Basinghall Street, 1895. 449 Candlestick, light buff ware, partly covered with bright green glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 10J in. h., 4 in. diam. PL LXVIII, 12. Basinghall Street, 1895. 450 Candlestick, green glazed ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. 451 Candlestick, red ware, red glazed ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4| in. h. Bishopsgate Street. 452 Ink-well, red ware, greenish splashed glaze, globular body, narrow mouth and pedestalled base ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 X 3 in. 453 Ink-well, green glazed, with flattened globular body, expanding rim and base ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 34 X 3 in. London Wall. 454 Candlestick, yellow glazed ware ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. 455 Vessel, coarse grey ware, salt glazed ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 456 Vessel, portion of, red glazed ware, in form of a man with a forked beard, the design is accentuated with incised lines ; XVI XVII Cent. London Wall. 457 Watering pot, bright red ware, glazed on front, with projecting rose and banded neck ; the aperture at mouth is partly covered by a hood, with finger-depressions all over it ; the handle is a plain loop, and the base of the vessel is flat, with pinched rim; XVI XVII Cent, ; 12 in. h., 8 in. g. diam. Fore Street. 458 Basin, of shallow form, with green glazed interior; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. diam. 459 Costrel, light brownish glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Clerkenwell. 460 Mask, brown glazed ware, in the form of a grotesque human face, portion of a vessel ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 x 3 X 2i in. Wood Street. 461 Ink-well, barrel -shaped, small hole at top; XVI XVII Cent.; 2 in. h., 3 in. g.d. London. 462 Jug, brown glaze; XVI XVII Cent.; 2| in. h., 3V in. m., 1 in. b. Baltlr House. 463 Jug, light ware ; thick dark blue glaze outside, thin stone-coloured glaze inside ; globular body, cylindrical neck, semi-circular handle ; XVI XVII Cent.; 6 in. h., 2J in. m., 2f in. b., 4 in. g.d. FencJnirch Street. 202 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. XVII CENTURY. 464 Jug or bottle, brown glazed ware, decorated with yellow slip, in the form of an animal having a man's head, with a spout in the shape of a ram, wearing a bell below, in centre of the body ; imperfect; XVII Cent. ; 8^ in. h., 9| in. present 1., 4^ in. w. PI. C, 6. Fenchurch Street, 1902. 465 Jug, thick brown glaze, wide-mouthed neck ornamented with a fillet, fluted handle; XVII Cent.; 7 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 3J in. m. Long Acre. 466 Jug, small, brown glazed ware, with yellow handle ; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. h., 1 in. b., 1 in. m., 1 in. g. diam. London Wall. 467 Jug or pitcher, mottled brown glazed ware, thin fabric, orna- mented with raised bands, and having a flanged base ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 4 in. g. diam. PI. LXX, 11. 468 Jug, small, red ware, olive-brown glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 6 in. diam. Aldersgate Street. 469 Large jug, grey ware, with looped handle, and indented spout ; XVII ( ?) Cent. ; 12 X 9| in. Creed Lane, 1858. 470 Jug, large, bright red glaze, neck decorated with two fillets, wide mouth with spout ; the body is ornamented with bands of incised lines and the fluted handle has a finger impression at base ; XVII Cent. ; 10 in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 5 in. b. , 5^ in. w. Bishopsgate Street. 471 Jug, tall, red ware, bright orange glaze, tinged in places with green ; the overhanging rim has a small spout ; the handle is a plain loop ; the pear-shaped body is ornamented with shallow horizontal grooves ; XVII Cent. ; lOf in. h. , 6| in. g. diam. , 4 in. b. , 4r| in. m. Farringdon Road. 472 Jug, bright red ware, strongly glazed, same type as 470, without incised lines, handle fluted and ornamented with finger impres- sions at base; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. h., 6^ in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 473 Pitcher, black ware, partly brown glazed ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h. Liverpool Street. 474 Pitcher, dark grey ware, with slightly tapering body, short neck, pinched spout and short curved handle ; the base has three pro- jections, caused by pushing out the clay, and forming crude feet, on the base and beneath the handle are patches of brown glaze : XVII Cent. ; 12^ in. h., 9i in. g. diam., 6 in. b., 5 in. m. Smith- field. 475 Pitcher, black ware, unglazed, with rounded base and small spout ; the body is decorated with an incised wavy band ; XVII Cent. ; 10 in. h. , 10 in. diam. Mansion House, 1869. 476 Pitcher, red ware, brown glaze, with incised lines on body ; XVII Cent. ; 13 in. h. , 7 in. diam. Liverj>ool Street. 477 Pitcher, red glazed ware, incised lines on centre of body ; XVII Cent. ; 10| in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 4| in. m. London. 478 Jar. or butter pot, rough brown ware ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 2 in. diam. Warwick Lane, 1867. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 203 479 Jar, coarse brown glazed ware, with two looped handles on either side ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 7 in. diam. London. 480 Jar, grey ware, ovoid, ribbed body, small mouth ; XVII Cent. ; 12^ in. h., ?i in. g. diam., 4 in. m. Fenchurch Street, 1866. 481 Jar, brown glazed ware, with broad expanding rim and narrow mouth ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. h. Spital fields. 482 Jar, traces of green glaze; XVII Cent.; 9 in. h. , 7 in. diam. 483 Jar, red ware, with brownish glaze, having an overhanging rim grooved on its edge, and the body ornamented with incised lines ; the vessel has a pair of horizontal loop handles ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 6| in. diam. Spitalftelds. 484 Jar, red ware, red glazed, with broad, fluted handle, and opening at base for a tap; XVII Cent. ; 15 in. h. , 12 in. diam. Moor Lane. 485 Jar, rounded base, open mouth ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 5 in. g. diam., 2| in. m. St. Martin' s-le-Grand. 486 Jar, or butter pot, red ware, glazed internally ; XVII Cent. , 5^ in. h., 3i in. diam. Ea&inghall Street, 1895. 487 Urn, dark red ware, unglazed, having narrow base, sharply ex- panding sides, broad mouth, with side handles, the body deco- rated with incised horizontal lines, the rim with a band of deeply indented depressions ; at one side is an oblong slot, apparently broken out of the rim for some definite purpose ; XVII Cent. ; 13| in. h., 20 in. g. diam. London. 488 Vessel, cylindrical, yellow ware, unglazed; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 489-491 Vessels (three), light ware, amphora form, without handles, body strongly ribbed; XVII Cent.; 11 in., 13^ in., and 17 in. h. London. 492 Vase, dark brown ware, body slightly expanding in centre ; some- what broad base, flat sharp-edged rim ; XVII Cent. ; 3 x 3| in. London. 493 Vase, grey ware, amphora-shaped, with grooved body, small mouth and rounded base ; XVII Cent. ; 12 in. h. , 9 in. g. diam. , 3 in. m. 494 Vessel, somewhat similar, but with more ovoid body ; XVII Cent. ; 13 in. h. London. 495 Bottle, small, red clay, with splash of brown glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 2^ in. h. , 1| in. diam. London Wall. 496 Mug, brown glazed, of elegant form, with pedestalled base ; the body is decorated with incised lines, and is furnished with a plain loop handle ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4| in. g. diam. , 3 in. m. , 3 in. b. Basinghall Street, 1895. 497 Mug or drinking vessel, brown glazed, without foot ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 3 in. m., 3 in. b. Basinghail Street, 1895. 498 Costrel, light buff clay, with spherical body rising from a short spreading foot, the shoulders are furnished with pierced ears for suspension ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h. , ty in. diam. Gray's Inn Road. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 499 Costrel of coarse form, in red clay, glazed at spout ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. 500 Costrel, yellow glaze, globular body, small neck ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. 501 Tyg, with two handles; XVII Cent.; 8| in. h., 3 in. diam. Bank, 1897. 502 Cup-shaped vessel, brown glazed ware, with one looped handle and flanged base ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 2| in. m., 2 in. b. Basinghall Street, 1895. 503 Cup-shaped vessel, brown glazed ware, with handle ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. , 3 in. g. diam., 2f in. m. , 2 in. b. Basinghall Street, 1895. 504 Cup, or mug, brownish yellow glaze, mottled ; restored ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 505 Vase, coarse red ware, unglazed, with small mouth and convex rim, the body ornamented with fine incised horizontal lines ; XVII (?) Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 4| in. diam. Bishopsgate Street. For similar vessel see J.B.A.A., v, p. 25, fig. 13. 506 Vase, red ware, with remains of glaze under rim ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. h., 4| in. diam. Duke Street. 507 Vase, or cistern, large, with two handles (one missing), brown and green glaze ; having hole at base for tap or plug ; XVII Cent. ; 12 in. h. , 10^ in. diam. London. 508 Plate, Majolica, coarsely decorated in blue, green, and orange ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. diam., 1 in. h. Bank Station, C.L.E. 509 Dish, brown glazed, with two handles, indented bands on body ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 9 in. diam. London. 510 Dish, or saucer, of light brown ware ; XVII Cent. ; If X 7| in. 511 Bowl or cup, red-brown glazed ware, with two handles ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 3 in. g. diam. London Wall. 512 Bowl or pot, red-brown glazed ware, somewhat tall form, with thick rim, band of incised lines below, single curved handle ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h., 7 in. diam. 513 Bowl, cream-coloured ware, with dark brown glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 3^ x 8 in. Liverpool Street. 514 Bowl or porringer, coarse dark ware, patches of brown glaze, with two looped handles; XVII Cent.; 5 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. Lombard Street. 515 Bowl, red ware, brown glaze, with rudimentary handle, and band of incised lines below rim ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in/ h., 6 in. g. diam., 4 in. b. Charterhouse Street. 516 Plate, yellow glazed ware, with broad flat rim ; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. h., 10 in. diam. London Wall. 517 Bowl, coarse red ware ; XVII Cent. ; 3 x 8 in. 518 Basin, red glazed ware; XVII Cent.; 4 in. h., 7 in. diam. London. 519 Saucer, or dish, marbled ware, of flat form ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. diam. PI. LXX, 4. City of London. MKDI^VAL POTTERY. 205 520 Drinking vessel, or porringer, brown glazed ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 4 in. diam. 521 Porringer, brown glazed ware, with ridged rim, globular body, ornamented with incised horizontal and wavy lines ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h., 7^ in. diam. London. 522 Porringer or pipkin, brown glazed ware, of small size ; XVII Cent. ; 4f in. diam., 2| in. h. Bear Gardens, Southward, 1903. 523 Porringer, similar to above; 4 in. diam., 2| in. h. Bear Gardens, Southward, 1903. 524 Porringer, brown glazed; XVII Cent.; 2| in. h., 4 in. diam. Basing/tall Street, 1895. 525 Porringer, mottled brown glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. h. . 4| in. diam. Basinghall Street, 1895. 526 Porringer, light buff ware, yellow glaze, with splashes of brown and green; XVII Cent.; 3 in. h., 4^ in. diam. Basinghall Street, 1895. 527 Porringer, buff-coloured clay, interior covered with olive-brown glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 5| in. g. diam. London. 528 Porringer, hard red ware, orange glaze within bowl, with single loop handle; XVII Cent.; 2 in. h., 5| in. g. diam. Great Chapel Street. 529 Porringer, or pipkin, coarse red ware, covered within with reddish- brown glaze ; the handle is short, with finger-mark at base ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. , 5| in. diam. London. 530 Porringer, bright red ware, glazed inside, with flat-topped over- hanging rim, with spout, having a short handle and three short feet ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 531 Porringer, red glazed ware, with globular body, hollow handle and three feet ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. h. , 9 in. diam. London. 532 Porringer, yellow glazed, of deep form, with tubular handle and three feet; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. h., 4^ in. diam. London Wall. 533 Porringer, or posset cup, fawn-coloured clay, red-brown glaze., covered with horizontal bands of ivory white slip ; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. h. , 4 in. diam. Bethnal Green. 534 Posset cup, or pot, light buff clay, with bright yellow glaze., ornamented with marbled streaks of chocolate brown and a band of discs of the same colour; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. h., 4 in. diam. Fore Street. 535 Posset cup, similar; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. h., 4 in. g. diam. Fore Street. 536 Pipkin, red-brown ware, with solid handle and three feet ; XVII Cent. ; 5f in. h., 6 in. diam. Liverpool Street. 537 Pipkin, coarse red ware, with three feet and straight handle ; XVII Cent. ; 5| X 5| in. Bank Station, C.L.R. 538 Pot, brown glazed, with globular body, and one side handle ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 7 in. m., 4g in. b., 8 in. g. diam. South- wark. 539 Cooking vessel, greyish clay, with rich mottled brown glaze, of similar form ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 7 in. diam. Spital fields. 206 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 540 Cooking pot, with strong brown glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 6f in. diam. Fore Street. 541 Cooking vessel, brown glazed ware, with finger-mark at right-hand side of each handle ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. h. , 8 in. diam. London. 542 Cooking vessel, brown glazed ware, with broad overhanging rim ; and body ornamented with incised lines ; XVII Cent. ; 7i in. h., 8| in. diam. London. 543 Cooking pot, red ware, strongly glazed, the exterior ornamented with a band of overlapping thumb-marks round rim and incised horizontal lines round body ; the vessel has two looped handles ; XVII Cent. ; 11 J in. h., 1(4 in. diam. Fore Street. 544 Cooking vessel, of red glazed ware, with three feet and tubular handle ; XVII Cent. ; 5 X 5 in. London. 545 Cooking vessel, red glazed ware, with grooved rim and three feet ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 7 in. diam. London. 546 Pan or large bowl, greyish-black ware, unglazed ; XVII Cent. ; 4J in. h., 9^ in. m., 7 in. b. Lombard Street, 1865. 547 Cooking vessel, yellow glazed, with handle; XVII (?) Cent.; 3 1 in. h., 6| in. diam. London. 548 Pot, brown glazed ware, cylindrical form; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 1^ in. diam. Southwark. 549 Pot, small, yellow glazed ware ; probably Staffordshire pottery ; XVII Cent. ; 1* in. h. London Wall. 550 Candlestick, brown glazed ware ; imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; 2^ x 5| in. London. 551 Ink-well, red ware, brown glazed, with globular body, narrow mouth and pedestalled base ; XVII Cent. ; 3| X 3| in. London. 552 Candlestick, brown glazed ware, with saucer-shaped base, and short wide nozzle ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. diam. , 2 in. h. London. 553 Candlestick, orange glaze, of flat form; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. h., 4| in. b. Great Chapel Street, Oxford Street. 554 Ink-well, light brown glazed ware, globular body, broad mouth and pedestalled base ; XVII Cent. ; 3 x 2| in. London. 555 Ink-well, yellowish glazed ware, globular body, wide mouth and expanding base ; XVII Cent. ; 3 X 2 in. London. 556 Ink pot, grey glazed ware, of cylindrical form, with small perfora- tion at top ; XVII Cent. ; 2^ in. h. , 2 in. m. , 2| in. b. South- work. 557 Money box, in form of a Sussex pig, reddish glaze, with yellow patches ; imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; perhaps made at Rye ; 4 X 2i in. 558 Vessel, reddish brown ware, ornamented with concentric bands; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 6 in. diam. London. 559 Vessel, green glazed, with wide flat rim ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 7J in. diam. London. 560 Vessel, of greyish ware, the interior glazed with brown; XVII Cent. ; 7 x 7 in. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 207 561 Vessel, rough ware, interior brown glazed; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 6 in. (1 1,1 in. 562 Vessel, red ware, glazed within ; with handles ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 568 Vessel, buff ware, olive glaze, with short, solid handle, and three feet; XVII Cent.; 4f in. h., 4| in. diam. Liverpool Street. 564 Vessel, ash-coloured ware, with strong red glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 7^ in. diam. 565 Vessel, stone-coloured ware, glazed within and without with red- dish coloured glaze; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 7 in. diam. London. 566 Spittoon, coarse red ware, red glazed ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. h. , 8 in. diam. Spitalfields. 567 Watering pot, grey ware, traces of brownish-green glaze, double- handled, one handle missing ; body pear-shaped and decorated with incised lines and circles ; perforated base, three short feet ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. h. , 4f in. g. diam. PI. LXIX, 8. Gracechurch Street. J.B.A.A., xxii, 304. 568 Watering-pot, brown glazed ware, with finger indented cover to mouth, and large rose on front, the base of which is also orna- mented with depressions ; the object has a large semi-circular handle ; XVII Cent. ; 12 in. h. , 8 in. diam. Bishopsgate. 569 Watering pot, brown glazed ware, with handle at side and pro- jecting rose in front, the base of the latter is finger-pressed, giving a foliated appearance, the pierced portion is semi-circular in section ; XVII Cent. ; 12 in. h. , 8 in. diam. London. 570 Watering pot ; imperfect ; brown glazed ware, with handle on shoulder ; XVII Cent. London. 571 Watering pot, red-brown glazed ware, with handle, and large rose at side; XVII Cent. ; 11 in. h., 10 in. g. diam. Guy's Hospital. 572 Watering pot, red glazed ware, with projecting rose and partly- covered mouth; XVII Cent.; 12 in. h., llf in. g. diam. PI. LXVII, 8. 573 Vessel, coarse red ware, reddish-brown glaze, with wide mouth having a broad, arched handle over it, ornamented with finger impressions ; in the side of the object are five horseshoe-shaped openings, with external rings decorated with finger impressions round the edges ; above these is an encircling wavy band in relief; XVII Cent. ; 11| in. h. , 11 in. diam. London. Probably for feeding poultry. 574 Funnel, with strainer, light buff clay, green glazed ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 3| in. g. diam. Coleman Street. 575 Basin, brown glazed, red ware ; imperfect ; with floral decoration in grey slip ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. diam. London. 576 Dish, yellow glazed ware, with incised decoration of fish, portion only ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. diam. 577 Jar, large, portion only, in the form of a lion's mask with open mouth ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h. Holborn. 578 Jug, rough, unglazed yellow ware; XVII Cent. ; 6^ in. h. 208 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 579 Costrel, light ware, green glazed, with patch of brown glaze on side ; the body is globular, with flat base ; XVII Cent. Cham- berlain's Wharf. 580 Fragments of yellow glazed pans, fused together by heat ; XVII Cent. Newgate. 581 Pot, blackish-brown glazed ware; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 2f in. w. Queenhithe. 582 Bowl, brown glazed ware ; deep, with three narrow grooves below rim; XVII Cent. ; 4f in. m., 3^ in. b., 2f in. h. Corner of New- gate Street and Cheapside. 583 Jug, miniature, yellow glazed ; body ornamented with impressed star pattern, neck broken; XVII Cent.; 1 in. h., 1 in. d. 584 Porringer, greyish-brown glaze, with flattened globular body, side handles, and three short feet; XVII Cent.; 5J in. h., 8 in. g.d., 3f in. b. Chamberlain's Wharf. XVII-XV1II CENTURIES. 585 Jug, coarse red ware, black exterior, unglazed ; XVII XVIII Cent. (?) ; 11 in. h., 8 in. g. diam., 4 in. b., 4f in. m. Bishops- gate Street. 586 Jug or pitcher, marbled ware, with parti-coloured bands of orna- ment on body, highly glazed, the mouth and lip are crinkled ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 4 in. g. diam. PI. LXX, 5. Liverpool Street. 587 Pitcher, dark brown glaze, neck ornamented with ribs ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 10^ in. L, 6 in. diam., 4 in. b., 4f in. m. London. 588 Jar, red ware, brownish glaze, with contracted base ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 10 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 6f in. m., 3 in. b. London. 589 Jar, red-brown ware; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 5 in. diam. 590 Jar, narrow base, with traces of brown glaze ; XVII or XVIII Cent. ; 9| in. h., 7f in. g. diam., 7| in. m. London. 591 Jar, coarse red ware, with expanding base ; XVIII Cent. ; 9| in. h., 7| in. diam. Blaclcfriars, 1894. 592 Jar, coarse red ware, green glaze ; 10^ in. h., 7| in. diam. PI. LXVII, 9. Blackfriars, 1894. 593 Jar, of similar ware and shape; 10^ in. h., 6^ in. diam. Black- friars, 1894. 594 Jar, coarse red brown ware, brown glaze within ; XVIII Cent. ; 5^ in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 595 Jar, large, dark ware, red glazed within, ovoid body, narrow base, small mouth, and curved projecting ridges on sides ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 ft. 8 in. h., 1 ft. 10 in. g. diam., 1 ft. m., 1 ft. b. London. 596 Jar, dark red ware; XVIII Cent. ; 2 ft. 8 in. h., 2 ft. 1 in. g. diam., 13 in. m., 12 in. b. London. 597 Jar, of reddish brown ware, with thick rim. mottled green and yellow glaze inside; XVIII Cent.; 12 in. h., 9 in. g. diam., 7i in. m., of in. b. London. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 209 598 Jar, dark red ware, amphora form, with small mouth, looped side handles, and small flat base ; XVIII Cent. ; 21 X 14 in. London. 599 Jar. brown glazed ware; XVIH Cent. ; 2 ft. 7 in. h., 1ft. 9 in. g. diam., 1 ft. m., 1 ft. b. Site of Punch Tavern, Fleet Street. 600 Bottle, brown stone ware, flattened form, with short tubular neck and flat base, one face is perforated with a number of small holes ; XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. h., 4 in. w. 601 Bottle, coarse red ware, slightly glazed ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5| in. h., 4i in. diam. London. 602 Cup and saucer, cream-coloured ware, salt glaze, of small size ; XVII XVIII Cent. Golden Lane. 603 Cup, light brown glazed ware, gracefully formed, with scroll handle and overhanging rim, impressed with a wavy pattern, and having a broad spout ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2^ in. h. , 3^ in. diam. London. 604 Cup, earthenware, with oriental pattern in blue ; Staffordshire ware; XVIII Cent.; 2 in. h., 3 in. m., in. b. Southwark. 605-606 Pans (two), shallow, coarse red ware; XVIII Cent.; If in. h.. 4 in. diam., and 1 X 4 in. Blackfriars. 607 Bowl, or cup, white ware, dark glaze ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 1J in. b., 3| in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 608 Vessel, bowl-shaped, two-handled, reddish-brown ware ; probably XVIII Cent. ; 3 hi. h., 3 in. diam. Fenchurch Street. 609 Bowl-shaped vessel, of reddish glazed ware, with rim ; XVIII Cent. ( ?) ; 3 X 4 in. London. 610 Vase, coarse red ware, with micaceous grains ; having two handles and short neck; XVIII Cent. (?); 7 in. h., 6^ in. g. diam., 1| in. m., 3f in. b. Royal Exchange. 611 Pot, brown glazed, with two handles, indented bands on body ; XVII XVIII Cent.; 5 in. h., 9 in. diam. London. 612 Vessel, portion, coarse red ware, containing micaceous grains ; having a perforation at the termination of its cone-shaped base ; XVIII Cent. ; 14 in. h. , 6 in. diam. Blackfriars. 613 Salt-cellar (?), white ware, with decoration in deep blue; XVII XVIII Cent. ; If in. h., 1^ in. b., 2^ in. m. London. 614 Salt-cellar, saucer shape, with narrow base, decoration in blue and brown; XVII Cent.; 1 in. h., 2| in. diam. Basinghall Street. 615 Salt-cellar, same form but deeper, decoration in blue ; 1 x 2| in. Old Street. 616 Salt-cellar, of bowl form, with pedestal base ; early XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 3^o in. w. Provost Street, City Road. 617 Vessel, red-brown ware; XVII XVIII Cent.; 7 in. h., 7 in. diam. Perhaps a butter pot. Holborn Valley. 618 Money box, red glazed ware, globular body, with pedestalled base ; it is surmounted by a hen and three chickens ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5| in. h., 3| in. diam. Stepney. 15 210 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 619 Tea pot; imperfect; of agate ware (?), with raised floral decora- tion ; XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. h. Southward. 620 Tobacco jar (?), coarse red ware, glazed; XVII XVIII Cent.; 2J in. h., 4J in. diam. Fore Street. 621 Crucible, coarsely made, of stone-coloured ware, with pinched-in lip ; traces of potter's mark on base ; XVIII Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 6^ in. diam. London. 622 Crucible, covered with slag; XVIII Cent.; 10^ in. h., 7| in. diam. London. 623 Bottle, red ware, with micaceous grains, small mouth and two looped handles ; probably foreign ; 7 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. Royal Exchange. 624 Bottle, hard red ware, globular body, looped handle, and small spout ; probably foreign ; 8| X 6 in. Cannon Street, 1864. 625 Crucible, coarse grey ware, somewhat globular form, with pinched spout ; imperfect ; uncertain period ; 3 x 4 in. Lombard Street, 1865. 626 Crucible, shallow type, of small size ; uncertain period ; 2|- in. diam. Cross Key Court. 627 Jar, large, dark brown glazed ware, somewhat spherical body, slightly tapering to base ; small mouth, with slight rim and four small looped handles on shoulders (a Spanish tinaja) ; probably XVIII Cent. ; 3 ft h., 3 ft. 5 in. diam. Old Broad Street, 1865. 628 Jar, dark red ware, unglazed, of amphora form ; foreign ; XVIII Cent. ; 17| X 12| in. 629 Jar, brown glazed ware, globular form, with small mouth and narrow flat base ; Spanish ( () ; XVIII Cent. ; 17 x 17 in. London. 630 Jar or vase, coarse buff ware, glazed ; below the rim are four looped handles, equidistant; prooably foreign; 7 in. h., 6f in. diam. Minories. 631 Jar, red brown ware, yellow glaze, with two handles ; perhaps foreign ; 6 in. h. , 5 in. diam. Walbroolc. 632 Jug, grey ware, partly green glazed, with indented base ; uncer- tain period; 6 in. h., 4 in. diam. 633 Pitcher of buff ware, brown glazed near the base ; perhaps foreign; 8 in. h., 6 in. diam. Bethnal Green. 634 Pitcher, buff ware, with corrugated sides ; the ware contains a small quantity of micaceous grains ; probably foreign ; 8| in. h. , 5 in. diam. Black friars. 635 Figure of a female, salt glaze ware ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4^ in. h. PI. LXX, 1. 636 Jug, of chocolate-coloured ware; XVII XVIII Cent.; 8 in. h., 4^ in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 3^ in. m. Smithfield. 637 Jug, brown glazed ; imperfect ; in the form of a male figure holding a bottle and a glass; XVIII Cent. ; 3^ in. h., If in. diam. Bishopsgate. 638 Vase, or cup, white glaze within, brown glaze without; early XVIII Cent. ; 3 x 2| in. Spitalfields. 3IEDIJEVAL POTTERY. 211 639 Vase, white glazed, Staffordshire ware; early XVIII Cent.; 3J in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 640 Ale-jug, light brown glaze on upper part; XVIII Cent. ; 8| in. h., 5 in. d. City of London. MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. X. POTTERY : SPECIAL WARES. BROWN STAFFORDSHIRE WARE, XVI- XVII CENTURIES. 1 Jug, barrel-shaped body, and small foot, the neck ornamented with horizontal grooves; 5 in. h., 4f in. diam., 3 in. b., 3 in. m. London Wall. 2 Jug, band and projecting rim at base; 8| in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3| in. b., 4 in. m. Ftnchurch Street. 3 Jug, expanding mouth, body grooved; 5 in. h., 4 in. diam., 2J in. b. , 3 in. m. Sufiopsgate Street. 4 Pitcher, with handle, having raised bands on mouth and at base ; 9 in. h., 3 in. b., 2 in. m. PL LXX, 13. 5 Jar, brown glaze ; 5 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 6 Flower vase, triple lobed, connected by a twisted band which forms the handles, on one of the lobes is a rude representation of a human face ; 4 in. h. , 3^ in. g. diam. PL LXX, 9. London. 1 Vase, or drinking vessel, of bottle form, with slightly flattened sides; 4 in. h. , 3 in. diam. 8 Vase, of amphora form ; 9 in. h. , 5 in. diam. PL LXX, 14. 9 Vase, or cup, of mortar form, with side handles ; 3 in. h. , 3i in. m., 2| in. b. PL LXX, 2. London. 10 Tyg, or loving cup. with eight handles; imperfect; 6 in. h., 4| in b. PL LXX, 12. Long Acre. 11 Tyg, with two handles; 8 in. h., 4 in. m. Little Moorfields. 12 Tyg, two handles ; 5 in. h. , 4 in. diam. Thames. 13 Tyg, two handles; 4 in. h., 2 in. diam. Ludgate Hill. 14 Tyg, one handle ; 5i in. h. . 3 in. diam. PL LXX, 6. Moorfields. 15 Tyg, one handle; 5 in. h., 3 in. m. 16 Tyg, one handle ; imperfect ; 4 in h. Steelyard. 17 Tyg, two handles, mouth and base decorated with raised bands ; 6 in. h., 5 in. diam. PL LXX, 8. 18 Tyg, one handle; 6 in. h., 5 in. diam. 19 Tyg, two handles ; 8 in. h. , 4 in. m. 20 Tyg, three handles; 3 in. n., 3 in. diam. 15* 212 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 21 Tyg, two handles, body ornamented with horizontal grooves; one handle missing; 6 in. h., 3f in. b., 3| in. m. Moor fields. 22 Tyg, two handles; 6 in. h., 3 in. b., 3| in. m. Moor fields. 23 Tyg, two handles; 7 in. h., 3 in. b. Clerkenwell. 24 Tyg, reddish-brown ware, dark brown glaze ; of the eight original handles only two remain; 2 in. h., 2| in. b. London. 25 Drug jar, yellow glazed ; XVII Cent. ; 1| in h., If in. diam. 26 Posset cup; 2f in. h. , 3| in. diam. , 2 in. b., 3 in. m. Sasinghall St. 27 Pipkin, three short legs, and remains of straight handle; 2 in. h., If in. diam., 1 in. m. Sishopsgate Street. 28 Spittoon, dark brown glazed ware, with spout and handle ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3| in. b. Oxford Street, 1896. See also Division IX, Nos. 286, 321-325, 467, 496-7, 501-504. DELFT AND LAMBETH WARE. This ware, which was much in use in England during the XVII and XVIII Centuries, was both imported from Holland and made at Lambeth. 29 Jug, in form of a cat, with decoration in blue ; imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 3 in. diam. 30 Bowl, cup-shaped, inscribed " BOSWELL STRAND " ; XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. h., 3 in. diam. Extension of Waterloo Station, 1902. 31 Pitcher, grey glazed ware, with floral decoration in blue; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 32 Ewer, portion only, with mask on spout, white Avare ; XVII XVIII Cent. 33 Jar, or vase, plain, with three tubular spouts alternating; with three short projections terminating in a ribbed scroll ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 4 in. diam., 3 in. b., 3J in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 34 Vase, with two curved handles, the centre of the body of the vase is constricted, the base is in the form of a pedestal ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 3^ in. g. diam., If in. b. Site of St. Peter's, Westcheap. 35 Vase, white glazed, with three handles, the body perforated with several holes, probably for flowers ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. 36 Vase, white colour, with narrow mouth and traces of handle ; XVII Cent. ; 2 X 2| in. London. 37 Sack bottle, blackened and crackled by fire ; XVII Cent. - f 54 in. h., 3| in. g. diam., 1 in. m., 2 'in. b. PI. LXXII, 3. London. 38 Mug, Delft ( ? ), calcined by fire after manufacture; XVII Cent. ; 3^- in. h., 4 in. g. diam. Queenhithe, 1900. 39 Posset pot, white glazed ware, with two handles, and a curious curved spout projecting irom the base ; XVIII Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 4| in. b., 6| in. m. London. 40 Bowl, with grooved sides; XVII Cent.; 1 in. h., If in. m. 11 in. b. Southward. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 213 41 Bowl, cup-shaped, plain; XVII Cent.; 2 in. h., 2 in. m., 1% in. b. Southwark. 42 Bowl, cup-shaped ; imperfect ; inscribed " M r s Italian cream o(f R)oses"; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. h., 2| in. diam. Southwark. 43 Bowl, small, decorated in blue; XVII XVIII Cent.; 1 in. h., 1| in. diam. PI. LXXIII, 1. London. 44 Bowl, small, with pedestalled foot, decoration in blue ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; If in. h., 1| in. diam. London. 45 Barber's bowl , white ware ; XVII Cent. ; 2J in. h. , 7 in. g. diam. , 3& in. b. Maze Pond. 46 Salt cellar (?), gracefully formed, with floral decoration in blue; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2 'in. h., If in. g. diam., 1| in. m., 1 in. b. 47 Salt cellar (?), bowl - shaped ; XVII Cent.; If in. h., 1 in. b., 2f in. m. London Wall. 48 Pot, with pattern of chevrons and lines in blue ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 4 in. diam. London, 1899. 49-50 Pots (two), small, with blue outer surface; XVII Cent.; 1 in. and 2 f- a in. h. London Wall. 51 Pot, bowl-shaped, greenish-blue glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 1 ^ x 2 in. London. 52 Pot, bowl form, bluish tint; XVII XVIII Cent.; 2 x 1| x 3 in. London. 53 Pounce box, white glazed; XVII Cent.; 2 in. h., 2 in. diam. Duke Street. 54 Drug jar; imperfect; with ornamental label in blue, inscribed "E DIASC TKAGAS " ; XVII Cent.; 5 in. h., 5 in. diam. Fountain Court. -55-56 Drug jars (two), white Delft, with horizontal lines and guilloche pattern in blue ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 5 in. diam., and 5| in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 57-58 Drug jars (two), similar, pattern in lilac and blue ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 4| in. diam., and 4| in. h. , 4-f in. diam. London; River Fleet. 59 Jar, Avith decoration in orange on an olive ground ; XVII Cent. ; 2^ in. h. , If in. diam. London Wall. 60 Jar, small, brownish glazed ware, probably Delft ; XVII Cent. ; If in. h., 2^ in. diam. London. 61 Jar, with horizontal bands of blue and orange ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 2 in. diam. PI. LXXIII, 2. London. 62 Jar or bowl, portion only, cup-shaped, inscribed " Scarlett Per- f[umer]"; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h.. 3-^ in. diam. Extension <>f Waterloo Station, 1902. 63 Drug jar, white Delft; XVII Cent.; 2J in. h., 3g in. diam. Fountain Court. 64 Drug jar, of grey colour, with curious striations on surface ; XVII Cent. ; 2^ in. 1. St. Clement's Lane. 65 Drug jar, white glazed, of small size ; XVII Cent. London. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 66 Drug jar, white Delft, with straight sides, slightly constricted below the rim and above base, ornamented with horizontal lines and bands of spots in light brown on either side of a guilloche pattern in light blue; XVII XVIII Cent.; 5| in. h., 74 in. diam. Duke Street. 67 Drug jar, white glazed, globular body, with foot, having a spout and scroll handle ; imperfect ; on the body is a label with inscrip- tion "o: HIRUNDIN :" (Oleum Hirundinum) in blue; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8^: in. h., 6 in. diam., 4^ in. m., 4 in. b. London Wall. 68 Drug jar, of similar form, decoration in blue ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4^ in. h. , 5| in. diam. Fore Street. 69 Drug jar, blue and orange decoration ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3| in. h. , 5 in. diam. London Wall. 70 Drug jar, pattern in brown and blue; 6 in. h., 5| in. diam. Royal Exchange. 71 Drug jar, similar, blue decoration ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. h. , 4f in. diam. PI. LXXIII, 3. London Wall. 72 Drug jar, similar, blue and orange decoration ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. h., 5| in. diam. PL LXXIII, 4. Fountain Court, 1897. 73 Drug jar, white ware, with linear and zigzag decoration in blue and green; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3^ in. h., 2A in. diam. London Wall. 74 Drug jar, white ware, with linear and guilloche decoration in blue and orange ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. h. , 2f in. diam. London. This specimen appears to have been injured by fire. 75 Drug jar, bluish white, no decoration ; XVII Cent. ; 2| X 2 in. Fountain Court. 76 Drug jar, decorated with blue concentric rings ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 2 in. diam. London. 77 Drug jar, white, highly glazed, with decoration in blue and green ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. h. , 2 in. diam. Little Bell Alley. 78 Drug jar, white glazed, with blue and orange decoration ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. h., 2^ in. diam. London Wall. 79 Drug jar, with broader base, plain ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 2 in. diam., 2^ in. b. Sishopsgate Street. 80 Drug jar, white glazed ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2 X 3 in. London. 81 Drug jar, bluish-tinted glaze ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2f x 3f in. London. 82 Drug jar, similar, white glazed ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 x 1^ in. London. 83 Drug jar, glaze slightly discoloured ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 X If in. London. 84 Drug jar, white glazed (much discoloured) ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 x If in. London. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 215 85 Drug jar, white glazed ; XVII XVIII Cent. Ig X 2 in. London. 86-87 Drug jars (two), pattern in brown and blue ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 4f in. diam., and 4: in. h. , 5 in. diam. Fore Street; Royal Exchange. 88 Drug jar, white glazed, horizontal lines and bands of spots in brown, and guilloche pattern in blue ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. h., 5 in. diam. PL LXXIII, 5. Duke Street. 89 Drug jar, white glazed, with inscription in blue " WARREN PERFUMER"; XVIII Cent.; 2 in. h., 1J in. b., 2J in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 90 Drug jar, of ordinary form, with inscription " WARREX & ROSSER. PERFUMERS," in dark brown; XVIII Cent.; 2 in. h., 3 in. diam. 91 Drug jar, bowl shaped ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1| X 1-| in. 92 Drug jar, small, inscribed "HEMET" in blue; XVIII Cent.; 1^ in. h., 2 in. diam. London. 93 Applique, Lambeth Delft ware, in the form of a mask, consisting of a human face wearing a turban ; the decoration is in blue ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h. London Wall. v 94 Boss, inscribed 4. 4. in relief, in blue on white ground ; XVII M.W Cent. ; 3 in. diam. 95 Barber's basin, of Delft ware, blue decoration, made by Justus Brouwer, at the sign of " De Byl " (the Hatchet); XVIII Cent.; 11 x 9- X 34 in. 96 Barber's bowl, Delft ware, flat form, with flat handle, pierced with two heart-shaped holes and one circular ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. diam., 2 in. h. London. 97 Barber's bowl, Delft ware, for bleeding, with cinquefoil handle, decorated in blue; XVII Cent.; 7 in. diam., 2 in. h. London. This specimen and the next show marks of having been in a fierce fire after manufacture. 98 Barber's bowl, similar to the above; XVII Cent.; 7f in. diam., 2^ in. h. London. 99 Bowl, Delft ware, basin form, with decoration in blue ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6^ in. diam., 2| in. h. London. 100 Dish, Delft ware, with decoration in blue ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8-^ in. diam., 1J in. h. London. 101 Drug jar. Delft, dark surface, with groove at base and below rim; XVII Cent.; 1^ in. d., If in. h. Corner of Newgate Street and Cheapside. 102 Bowl or saucer, base only, white Delft ware, with blue and orange decoration; XVII XVIII Cent.; 3^ in. d. London. 103 Portion of dish, Delft (?), with decoration in blue and brown; XVII Cent. Moorfields. 104 Salt-cellar, Lambeth Delft, blue decoration, narrow base; XVII Cent.; If in. h., 2| in. d. Corner of City Road and Old Street 216 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 105 Cup, Delft ware, of graceful form, with baluster stem and broad foot; 2J in. h., 2 in. b., 2f in. in. Biahopsgate Street. 106-107 Panels (two), decorative, oblong, in blue and white tiles, repre- senting Diana, with bow, quiver, and hound, standing within a semi-circular-headed arch, the pillars of which are spirallv fluted ; XVII Cent. ; 36 x 14 in. PI. LXIV, 1, 2. See also Div. IX, No. 613. DUTCH AND GERMAN STONEWARE. 108 Bellarmine, round centre of body is a band bearing the inscrip- tion : " DRINCK VXD EST COTS Nile FEKGES," i.e., "Drink and eat, do not forget God ; " above and below the band are acanthus leaves and circular medallions containing profile heads ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h., 4 in. diam.. 2 in. m., 3 in. b. Bishopsgate Street. 109 Bellarmine, in mottled stone ware, with well-executed mask on neck, a band of ornament round the body, and five circular medallions with female heads above and below ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. h., 3| in. g. diam., 2-j in. b.. 2 in. m. 110 Bellarmine, brown glazed ware, with well-executed bearded human face on neck, the body of the jug decorated with scroll-like branches of oak in relief; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 2 in. m. PL LXXI, 5. Whitecross Street. 111 Bellarmine, of mottled brown stone ware, with large mask on neck, coat of arms on body; XVI Cent.; 8^ in. h., 6 in. diam. London. 112 Bellarmine, bright brown mottled glaze, with wider neck and care- fully finished mask, the oval medallion bears the arms of Amster- dam ; XVI Cent. ; ' 8 X 4| in. m., 1| in. diam. PI. LXXI, 4. Coleman Street. The peculiarity of the open mouth of the mask, showing pro- truding tongue, is possibly unique. 113 Bellarmine, light grey pottery, ornamented by three medallions en- closing shields bearing arms and crests ; XVI Cent. ; 9x7 in. Gracechurch Street, 1867. 114 Bellarmine, deep brown glaze, below the bearded face is an oval medallion, with profile bust of female ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. h. , 4| in. g. diam., 2 in. m., 3 in. b. PL LXXI, 7. Fore Street. 115 Bellarmine, bright brown glaze, with medallions bearing the arms of the Duchy of Cleves-Berg ; XVI Cent. ; 7| x 5 in. PI. LXXI. 2. London Wall. 116 Bellarmine, or bottle, dark brown glaze, with three medallions bearing the arms of Cleves-Berg ; XVI Cent. ; 7| x 5^ in. London Wall. 117 Bellarmine, with well-executed mask, medallions, and decorated band on body : imperfect : XVI Cent. 118 Jug, or pitcher, portion only, light coloured ware, on the body is a representation of the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden, an angel stands behind them, with his back towards them, but looking at them over his shoulder: XVI Cent. Wind- mill Street, 1868. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 217 119 Jug, brown glazed, of squat form, having floral ornament on rim, and an oval medallion with portrait on front of body, coarse workmanship ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 5^ in. g. diam. , 3 in. b. , 2| in. m. 120 Jug, upper portion only, subject of decoration, the Judgment of Paris, each figure is surmounted by a label bearing the name, " (C)VPIDO," " PALLVS," " VENVS," " ivxo," a helmeted head near that of a horse, uninscribed, is evidently intended for Paris, above the horse's head is an owl, the attribute of Pallas ; XVI Cent. ; 2| in. diam. of m. Moorfields. 121 Jug, grey clay, brown mottled glaze, with wide mouth and neck ; XVI Cent. ; 7 X 5 in. London. 122 Jug, mottled light greyish ware ; XVI Cent. ; 9 X 5 in. London. 123 Jug. mottled brown ware, called " tiger ware," plain ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. h.. 3| in. g. diam. Whitecross Street. 124 Jug, plain tvpe, with brown mottled glaze ; a " tiger " jug ; XVI Cent. ; 9 X 5 in. PI. LXXI, 1. London. 125 Canette, mottled brown colour, with frieze representing the parable of Dives and Lazarus, the former is sitting at a table, with a lady, attended by musicians and a serving man, below the table is Lazarus with two dogs ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 3| in. b. Bishopsgate Street. 126 Canette, fragment only, brown glazed, ornamented with a nude male figure, a bird- and an eagle with a serpent in its mouth, probably a representation of Adam ; XVI Cent. 127 Canette, portion only, whitish ware, the design consists of a central oval, in which is a female with flowing waist bands, above her head is E. R. , the oval is framed with scrolls and is surmounted by a mask, above and below the central device are masks and scrolls ; this ornament occurs three times on the body of the object ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 3 in. b. Commercial Road. 128 Canette, portion only, white stone ware, with figure in armour, "MARS," above; German; XVI Cent.; 3 in. h. London. 129 Jug, or ale bottle, with mask and fluted handle ; early XVII Cent. ; 9 X 5^ in. London. 130 Jug, small, mottled ware, of greybeard form ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. h. , 3| in. g. diam. Bishopsgate Street. 131 Jug, light grey ware, plain ; XVII Cent. ; 5 X 4 in. London. 132 Barrel-shaped vessel, brown glazed Bouffioux ware, with tubular spout and two looped handles above, and a pierced projection at one end below, to receive a tap ; the body is ornamented with coats of arms, one of Van den Steen, Canon of St. Lambert of Liege, the rest having outer inscribed band : " DE SA\~ VITTORES IVAN FERANDES " (San Vittores was once Burgomaster of Louvain) ; at one part is incised V^, a mark of capacity (?); PI. LXXI. 9. 15 X 14 in. c/. Solon's "Ancient Stoneware," vol. ii, p. 140. 133 Pitcher, stone ware, with curious mottled greyish-blue glaze outside, white glaze within ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 4% in. g. diam., 2| in. m. Leadenhall Street. 218 MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 134 Bottle, or jug, the body decorated with four foliate ornaments springing from a triple fillet at base of neck, and also three circular medallions enclosing double heads placed neck to neck, the upper head representing a man wearing a round hat, the lower a horned demon ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. diam. Bishopsgatv Street. 135 Bottle, or jug, with inscription " DESHERENWART " LIET IN EWICK"; imperfect; XVI Cent.; 6| in. h., 4f in. g. diam. Bis- hopsgate Street. 136 Bottle, stone ware, portion only, with band of diagonal lines inter- sected with rows of four dots, circular medallions containing a female bust above and below band ; Flemish ; XVI Cent. 137 Bottle, neck and handle, with ornament in relief ; XVI Cent. 138 Bottle, neck only, with designs in relief ; XVI Cent. London. 139 Mug, of light-coloured Flemish ware, with three compartments containing scenes in the life of Samson ; in the first he is seen dallying with Delilah, who is cutting off his hair, beneath is inscribed " DALILA BEDREGT SAMSVM " ; in the next compartment he is represented as carrying off the gates of Gaza, inscribed beneath " VSMAS " ; in the third he is killing the lion, inscribed beneath "SAMSON BRIGHT DEN LEVEN D BCK"; imperfect; XVI Cent. ; 3f in. diam of b. Site of Gooch & Cousens 1 Warehouse, London Wall. 140 Cup, small, stone ware ( ?), brown glazed, with handle ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 3 in. g. diam. London Wall. 141 Bellarmine, or greybeard, mottled brown ware, mask on neck, three oval medallions on body, bearing a double-headed eagle, arms of Germany ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam., 3^ in. b. , 1 in. m. 142 Bellarmine, brown colour, with globular body, with three coats of arms; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. h., 6| in. diam. 'London. 143 Bellarmine, grey, with well-finished mask, and shield of arms on body ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 144 Bellarmine, with mask, and shield of arms ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h., 5^ in. diam. London. 145 Bellarmine, slender type, with well-executed mask and coat of arms ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 5 in. diam. Southwark. 146 Bellarmine, with globular body of somewhat flattened form, mask on neck, and oval medallion on bodv containing a coat of arms ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., 2| in. b., 1 in. m. 147 Bellarmine, with shield of arms surrounded by scrolls, good mask on spout ; XVI Cent. ; 9 X 5 in. London. 148 Bellarmine, with a coat of arms on body ; XVI Cent. ; 7| x 5| in. London. 149 Bellarmine, light brown glaze, with medallion bearing a coat of arms ; XVI Cent. ; 7| X 5 in. London. 150 Bellarmine, with arms of Amsterdam on body ; XVI Cent. ; 8i in. h., 5| in. diam. London. 151 Bellannine, portion only, with shield of arms of the Duchy of Cleves-Berg ; XVI Cent. Royal Exchange, 1841. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 219 152 Bellarmine, also with armorial medallion ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. London. 153 Bellarmine, with three shields of arms oil body, which is globular ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h., 6 in. diam. 154 Bellarmine, brown tinted glaze, having medallion enclosing a bust on body ; XVI Cent. ; 6 X 5 in. London Wall. 155 Bellarmine, mottled brown glaze, with medallion bearing the arms of England ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7J X 5 in. PL LXXI, 3. London Wall. 156 Bellarmine, in mottled brown stone ware, with mask and oval medallion containing the arms of Germany on front of body ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. , 2 in. b. , 1| in. m. 157 Bellarmine, or greybeard, light brown mottled glaze, on the body is an oval medallion bearing the arms of Cologne, and the date, 1599 ; imperfect ; 8-f in. h. , 5| in. diam. Coleman Street. 158 Bellarmine, large, with twisted or cabled handle, brown ware decorated with blue, having large medallions enclosing male busts. and a central shield of arms with minor shield in centre, dated 1601; 15 in. h., 11 in. diam. PI. LXXI, 10. 159 Bellarmine, with mask and medallion enclosing a shield-shaped badge, floral sprays above, on the shield are a pyramid, three stars, and " TI n 1616 " ; imperfect. London. 160 Bellarmine, globular body, short slender neck, with three armorial medallions on body ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 5 in. g. diam. , 3 in. b., If in. m. Golden Lane. 161 Bellarmine, dark brown glaze, with oval medallion enclosing a shield, charged with a hunting horn supported by a unicorn, above is inscribed IAN ALLERS ; early XVII Cent. ; 8^ x 5 in. Southwark. 162 Bellarmine, with shield of arms on body ; early XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 5 in. diam. 163 Bellarmine, light brown glaze, with twisted handle, the mask and three medallions, bearing the arms of Amsterdam, are ornamented with dark blue glaze; early XVII Cent. ; 13| in. h. , 9 in. diam. 164 Bellarmine, greyish-brown colour, with central device consisting of a man, holding staff in one hand, and a noose in the other ; early XVII Cent. ; 9 X 5 in. London. 165 Bellarmine, brown mottled glaze, with a crowned shield of arms on body ; early XVII Cent. ; 9| X 6 in. London. 166 Bellarmine, bearing the arms of the Duchy of Cleves-Berg ; early XVII Cent. ; 9 X 7^ in. Sishopsgate Street. 167 Bellarmine, also bearing a coat of arms ; early XVII Cent. ; 8^ X 5| in. London. 168 Bellarmine, with shield of arms on body ; early XVII Cent. ; 9 X 5 in. London. 169 Bellarmine, brown glazed ware, of good form, with well-executed mask on spout, and coat of arms on body ; early XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 2 in. m., 2f in. b., 5 in. g. diam. 23, Whitechapel Road. 220 3LEDI.13VAL POTTERY. 170 Bellarmine, with medallion bearing a monogram u A M above an anchor and two stars ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. Slackfriars. 171 Bellarmine. with mask and crest, a lion rampant ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 5- in. diam. Saffron Hill. 172 Bellarmine, with coronet over shield of arms ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 5 in. diam. 173 Bellarmine, without mask on spout, with central device of St. George and the Dragon; XVII Cent.; 9 in. h.. 5 in diam PL LXXI, S. 174 Bellarmine, rich brown glaze, having coat of arms on body ; XVII Cent. ; 8 X 5| in. London. 175 Bellarmine, brown glazed ware, having a rudely-formed mask on neck, and a rectangular medallion enclosing a qua trefoil ornament on body; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h., 5^ in. diam. London Wall. 176 Bellarmine, with floral device ; XVII Cent. ; 8| X 5 in. London. 177 Bellarmine, with medallion bearing the arms of Germany ; XVII Cent. ; 8| in. h., 5| in. diam. Coleman Street. 178 Bellarmine. brown mottled glaze, with circular medallion, enclosing a pitcher-shaped vessel, bearing a heart; Fulham ware (?); XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h., 5 in. diam. 179 Bellarmine, with shield of arms ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h.. 5 in. diam. 180 Bellarmine, mottled grey ware, with medallion containing griffin segreant ; XVII Cent.; 9 in. h., 5 in. diam. 181 Bellarmine, with mask, and medallion ; XVII Cent. ; 8-| X 16^ in. London. 182 Bellarmine, bright brown glaze, with medallion enclosing a scroll-work design ; XVII Cent. ; 8| x 5 in. London. 183 Bellarmine, brown colour, with mask on spout, and central medallion containing another mask ; XVII Cent. ; 9x5 in. London. 184 Bellarmine. light brown glaze, with medallion enclosing a profile bust, on either side of which is a rose, on body ; XVII Cent, ; 8 X 5| in. Sishopsgate Street. 185 Bellarmine. with medallion enclosing winged female figure ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 5| in. diam. London. 186 Bellarmine, with mask and medallion enclosing a thistle, rose, and crown; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h., 5 in. diam. London. 187 Bellarmine, brown mottled glaze, with scroll device on body ; XVII Cent. ; 8 x 5 in. London. 188 Bellarmine, reddish brown ware, the medallion enclosing a mythical animal; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h., 5^ in. diam. 189 Bellarmine, with medallion on body ; XVII Cent. ; 9 x 5 in. London. 190 Bellarmine, with medallion bearing the arms of Amsterdam ; XVII Cent. ; 8 X 5^ in. Shoe Lane. 191 Belial-mine, with shield of arms ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 5 in. diam. 192 Bellarmine. with badge in centre, consisting of a griffin segreant; XVII Cent, ; 9 in. h., 5 in. diam. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 221 193 Bellarmine, with device representing a cavalier holding a cup or flagon in one hand and a stick in the other ; XVII Cent. ; 8| X 5 in. Coleman Street. 194 Bellarmine, with mask, having an oval below, enclosing a soldier with wooden leg, supporting himself upon a gun rest ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 6 in. diam. 195 Bellarmine, or greybeard, with mask and medallion, bearing maker's monogram. B s w. joined bv a compound cruciform device; XVII Cent,; 8 in. h. 196 Bellarmine, with oval medallion enclosing an eight-pointed star on body ; XVII Cent. ; 8| in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 197 Bellarmine, with mottled brown glaze, bearing a similar medallion on body; XVII Cent.; 8-^ in. h.. 5 in. diam. London. 198 Bellarmine, light mottled glaze ; XVII Cent. ; 6x4 in. St. M ar fin's -I e- Grand. 199 Bellarmine, with well-formed mask, and shield of arms below ; XVII Cent. ; 8^ X 5 in. London. 200 Bellarmine, with mask on spout, coat of arms on body ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 1| in. m. , 5-f in. g. diam., 2 in. b. Golden Lane. 201 Bellarmine ; imperfect ; with mask on neck and badly-executed badge on body ; late XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. Sovthwark. 202 Inkpot, mottled brown stone ware ; XVII Cent. ; 2| x 2 in London. 203 Fragment of stone ware, with figures in relief and portion of inscription " DEI . SCHOXK . HESTORIA " ; XV XVI Cent. ; London. 204 Object in brown glazed ware, in the form of a woman riding upon a goat, probably a whistle; XVI XVII Cent.; 3{ in. h., 3 in. diam. Tokenhouse Yard, 1870. 205 Fragment of brown glazed ware, with figure of a man upon it, dressed in the costume ot the XVI Cent., holding a flagon in one hand and a drinking vessel in the other. 206 Fragment of stone ware, with frieze of semi-circular-headed arches, in each of which is a demi-figure of a saint ; XVI Cent. London. 207 Fragment of a female bust, wearing head dress of the XVII Cent. 208 Boss, brown and green glazed stone ware, on which is embossed a lion passant, wearing a crown (the feet of the animal are curious) ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. diam. London. 209 Fragment of stone ware, with medallion containing figure of a man in the costume of the XVII Cent. London. 210 Bellarmine, brown glazed, with globular body, short neck, and curved handle, well modelled mask, and medallion containing the arms of Magdeburg; below is inscribed " MAIDEBVRG " ; circa 1600; 8 in. h., 6 in. g. diam., U in. m., 3 in. b. Fleet Prison. 1862. 211 Bellarmine, fragment, with medallion containing a draped female figure. 222 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 212 Bellarmine, imperfect ; circular rosette in centre of body ; 6 in. d. Holborn. 213 Bellarmine ; badge, a St. Andrew's cross, with stars in the angles, surrounded by an ornamental border. 214 Bellarmine, imperfect ; badge, a shield supported by a unicorn ; on the shield, a horn and a knot ; round the medallion, IAN ALLERS ; 5^ in. d. Southwark. 215 Bellarmine, fragment, marked with A ^A. and an anchor ; XVII Cent. Moorfields. 216 Bellarmine, neck only, decorated with mask and floral design. 217 Bellarmine, fragment, containing a coat of arms of two chevrons. 218 Bellarmine, fragment, with mask and shield partly decorated in blue; XVI XVII Cent. Southward. 219 Jug, stoneware, with light brown glaze ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h., 4 in. g.d., 2^ in. m., 2^ in. b. Whitecross Street. 220 Jug, German stoneware, decorated with sprays of oak leaves, acorns, and Tudor roses in relief ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 4^ in. d. Tabernacle Street. 221 Fragment, stoneware, with figures of a man and woman dancing ; portion of inscription below ; XVI XVII Cent. Moor fields. ENGLISH STONEWARE, CHIEFLY MADE AT FULHAM. 222 Jug, small, with small mark, w. B. and crown; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. h., 3| in. diam. Fidham. 223 Jug, spout and portion of rim missing ; XVII Cent. ; 8| in. h. Fountain Court. 224 Jug, small, mottled stone ware, of ordinary greybeard form ; Fulham ware (?); XVII Cent.; 3| in. h., 3| in. g. diam., ITS in. b. , 1^ in. m. Bishopsyate Street. 225 Jug, the inside and lower half covered with a white glaze, the upper portion with a dark red-brown glaze, oval depression near rim; XVII XVIII Cent, ; 4| in. h., 3f in. diam. 226 Jug, or pitcher, bottle shaped, grey stone ware, with small looped handle, on front is an M in blue; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 4 in. diam. 227 Jug, or ale mug, stone-coloured ware, with hunting scene in relief, and a draped bust of Queen Anne, inscribed : " To the Pyouse Memory of Good Queen Anne," " Thomas Squier " ; 5 'in. h., 3 in. diam. PL LXXII, 6. Sea Hodgkin's " Early English Pottery," p. 171, No. 628. 228 Jug, or tankard, brown ware, with trees in relief on sides ; XVIII Cent. ; 8^ X 5 in. 229 Jug, light-coloured ware ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 x 4 in. London. 230 Jug, or bottle, plain brown ware, of bellarmine form, without handle ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 5 in. diam. 231 Jug, brown stone ware, with three human masks on body, the neck in form of a cocked hat ; about 1750 ; 3^ in. h. , 2| in. m., 2 in. b. Said to have been a satire on the Duke of Cumberland. PI LXXII, 2. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 223 232 Jug, brown and grey stone ware, of " Toby " type, with silver rim, on the base is inscribed KISHEKE ; Mortlake pottery ; early XIX Cent. ; 7| in. h., 5 in. diam. 233 Jar, dark stone ware, slight brown glaze, barrel-shaped, with overhanging rim ; small looped handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 10| in. h., 3^ in. b. London. 234 Jar, Fulham stone ware ; XVIII Cent. ; 11^ in. h. London. 235 Bellarmine ; imperfect ; with soldier holding a cock in one hand and gun rest ( ?) in the other ; temp. James I ; 6 in. diam. Golden Lane. 236 Bellarmine, with light brown glaze, bearing a medallion enclosing the thistle surmounted by a crown, and on either side c. B. (Carolus Rex) ; XVII Cent. ; 8 X 4f in. PI. LXXI, 6. Leaden/tall Street. Probably Fulham ware. 237 Bellarmine, or greybeard, portion only, with medallion bearing H C and the figure of a cock ; XVII Cent. Found near the site of the Cock Tavern, Fleet Street. 238 Bellarmine, with circular medallion, enclosing a cross, on body ; Fulham ware (?); XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 5 in. diam. Fore Street. 239 Bellarmine, similar medallion; Fulham ware (?); XVII Cent.; 8^ X 5| in. London. Note. On the brow of the mask is a dagger-shaped object in relief. 240 Bellarmine, with shield of arms on body ; XVII Cent. ; 9 x 5 in. London. 241 Bellarmine, with rose medallion; late XVII Cent.; 8| in. h., 5^ in. diam. Fetter Lane. 242 Bellarmine, dark brown glaze, with floral medallion ; XVII Cent. ; 8| X 5 in. London. 243 Bellarmine, similar device, Fulham ware ( ?) ; XVII Cent. ; 9 x 6 in. London. 244 Bellarmine, similar device on body ; late XVII Cent. ; 8 x 5| in. PI. LXXI, 11. London. 245 Bellarmine, with rich brown glaze, similar ; 8 x 5| in. London. 246 Bellarmine, rich brown glaze, with floral medallion ; XVII Cent. ; 9 x 5 in. London. 247-248 Bellarmines (two), similar device ; XVII Cent. ; 8 X 4| in. London. 249 Bellarmine, dark mottled ware, with star-shaped ornament on body ; 9 X 6 in. London. 250 Bellarmine, dark brown glaze, with medallion containing star in centre ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h. , 5 in. diam. 251 Bellarmine, with device of heart and flower ; XVII Cent. ; 8^ in. h. , 5 in. diam. Shadwell. 252 Bellarmine, heart and star device ; XVII Cent. ; 8| in. h. , 5 in. g. diam. Fenchurch Street. 253 Bellarmine, with mask, and badge consisting of a heart surmounted by a crown ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 5 in. diam. Cromwell Road. 224 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY'. 254 Bellarmine, or greybeard, mottled brown stone ware, of large size, with somewhat globular body and short neck, having mask on neck and three circular medallions containing a floral design on front of body; an unusual type; late XVII Cent.; 16 in. h., 11 in. g. diam., 5 in. b., 2 in. m. 255 Bellarmine, of brown stone ware, with ovoid body, mask on neck ; XVII XVIII Cent,; 16 J in. h., 10^ in. g. diam., 5| in. b., 2^ in. m. 256 Bellarmiue, with circular medallion enclosing a vase containing flowers and i s; XVII XVIII Cent.; 14 in. h., 8 in. diam. 257 Bottle, grey glazed ware, Fulham ware ( ?), with pear-shaped body, short slender tapering neck, and side handle, the shoulders are decorated with scrolls in light blue ; XVII Cent. ; 12 in. h. . 7 in. diam. 258 Bottle, brown glazed, scroll design, Fulham ware ( ?) ; XVII Cent. ; 8^ x 5^ in. London. 259 Bottle, roughly finished, with small medallion bearing a griftiu segreant and the date 1699; 10-^ in. h., 6f in. diam. London. 260 Bottle, similar badge or medallion; XVII Cent. ; 8 x 5 in. London. 261-262 Bottles (two), light brown glaze with heart surmounted by a crown and a star ; XVII Cent. ; 8^ X 5 in. London. 263-265 Bottles (three), dark brown glaze, with similar device of heart and flower; XVII Cent.; 8| X 5^ in. and 9 x 5| in. London. 266 Bottle, brown glazed, plain ; late XVII Cent. ; 4 X 3 in. London. 267 Bottle, stone ware, light greenish glaze, globular body, short narrow neck, semi-circular handle ; probably a sack bottle ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 1 in. m., 2J in. b. Sovtk- wark. 268 Bottle, ale, with dark brown glaze covering more than two-thirds of the body, leaving the base a lighter shade ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8| X 4f in. London. 269 Bottle, similar, brown glazed, with " Thomas " incised on body ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 270 Bottle, of like form, with same inscription ; XVIII Cent. ; 8^ in. h., 4| in. diam. Fenchurch Street. 271 Bottle, brown glazed ware, of the greybeard form, but without mask or handle, having quatrefoil medallion on which is inscribed " WM. NASH WOODS : CLOSE CHENEY : ALE MAN*'; XVIII Cent.; 8| in. h. , 5 in. diam. Southward. 272 Bottle, small, with tapering neck and straight sides, marked near shoulder with the name HOWE; XVIII Cent. ; 3| in. h., 2 in. diam. London. 273 Bottle, glazed stone ware, with small loop handle, and circular medallion in form of a mask ; XVIII Cent. ; 12J X 8 in. 274 Bottle, with mask only ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. h., 5 in. diam. 275 Bottle, with mask on neck only ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 X 4rf in. London. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 225 276 Bottle-shaped vessel, light grey ware, plain ; late XVIII Cent. ; 5 X 3 in. London. 277 Bottle, brown stone ware, slight brown glaze, globular body, short neck with handle at right angles, body strongly wheel- marked ; XVIII Cent. ; 8i in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. , 1 in. m. , 3f in. b. Cannon Street, 1864. 278 Bottle, brown stone ware ; XVIII XIX Cent. ; 6 x 9 in. London. 279 Bottle, brown stone ware, in form of a special constable's staff, with v. R. on one side, and the Royal Arms, in a Garter sur- mounted by a crown, on the other ; 11^ X 6| in. Made to commemorate the swearing-in of special constables in 1848. 280 Mug, brown stone ware, with broad flat handle, grooved down centre, and pinched spout, mark w. R. and crown ; XVII Cent. ; 6i in. h. Great Chapel Street. 281 Mug, brown and grey glazed ware ; A . R (Queen Anne) and crown, impressed mark; 6| in. h., 3| in. m., 4 in. b. Southwark. 282 Mug. brown and grey glazed ware, cylindrical form ; A . R (Queen Anne) and crown, impressed mark; 6| in. h., 3| in. m., 4 in. b. Southwark. 283 Mug, brown glazed ware ; A. R. and crown as before, inscribed " Tho : parsle att ye sum and pump in bishopsgatt streett 1709 " ; 5 in. h., 3| in. m., 3 in. b. Southwark. 284 Tankard, cylindrical, with handle, and stag hunt in relief ; above this is a smaller representation of a hunt, on an applique panel, above the plaque are three coats of arms, inscribed " Jno. and Ann Nicholas 1735"; 8 in. h., 5^ in. diam. See Hodgkin's "Early English Pottery," p. 166, No. 611. 285 Mug, cylindrical, brown stone ware ; embossed panel on front, in which is a bust, with A d V (Admiral Vernon) above ; along the front is inscribed " Tho 8 Norbery"; XVIII Cent.; 5 in. h., 3| in. m., 3 in. b. PI. LXXII, 5. 286 Porringer, brown stone ware, with band of incised ornament round base ; Fulham ware ( ?) ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 5 in. m. , 2f in. b. Basinghall Street. 287 Pot, grey stone ware, of funnel form ; late XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. h. 288 Spittoon, brown stone ware, with scalloped edge decorated with figures of animals, etc. ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 8 in. diam. 289 Mug, brown stone ware, with a stag hunt, and other decoration in slip ; early XIX Cent. ; 7 in. h. , 4i in. m. , 4f in. b. 290 Bottle, brown glazed stone ware, flattened at back, semi-circular in front; inscribed x M 1742; 5 in. h., 4 in. d. London. 291 Jar, grey Fulham ware, brown glazed on rim ; with straight sides, curved shoulder, and expanding flanged rim ; XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. h., 2 in. m., 2| in. b. City Road. 292 Bottle, stone ware, with speckled dark brown glaze covering the upper and middle parts of the body, leaving the base a lighter shade; XVIII Cent. ; 7^ in. h., 4 in. d. City of London. 16 226 MEDIAEVAL POTTEKY. 293 Jar, light stone ware, with fluted body and indented base ; 6| in. h., 4 in. g.d., 2| in. m., 3^ in. b. Cornhill. 294 Vase, brown stone ware, funnel-shaped; XVIII Cent.; 2$ in. h., 2 in. m., 1 in. b. Newgate. "ORES DE FLANDRES" WARE, ETC. 295 Vessel, grey stone ware, with decoration in blue ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 7 in. diam. 296 Canette, portion only, grey and blue stone ware ; five arched panels on body, containing figures in the costume of the XV XVI Cent. ; a long inscription in Dutch above the panels ; 7| in. h., 3 in. m., 4 in. b. PI. LXXIII, 9. 297 Canette, portion only, brown stone ware, with central device con- sisting of a male and a female bust, with foliage below, on one side are two musicians, on the other an elaborately-dressed male figure; Flemish ( ?) ; XVI Cent. 298 Canette, grey stone ware, glazed, having a frieze of geometrical designs in relief, coloured blue and purple ; XVII Cent. ; 4J in. h., 5 in. diam. Fore Street. 299 Jug, or pitcher, stone-coloured glazed ware, the neck decorated with concentric rings, the body ornamented with scrolls, rosettes, etc. ; in the centre of the body is a medallion inscribed G. K. and a crown; Grenzhausen ware ('?); XVII XVIII Cent.; 13 in. h., 9 in. diam. 300 Jug, incised floral ornament, with oval medallion containing bust of the King, inscribed " WILHELMTJS m. D. G. MAG. BRIT. FRANC. ET HIB. REX & . " 5J in. h. . 4f in. g. diam. PI. LXXII. 4. 301 Jug, small, grey stone ware, body decorated with small circular medallions on a blue ground ; imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. , 4f in. diam. Spital fields. 302 Neck of similar jug ; XVII Cent. London. 303 Jug, grey stone ware, with foliate and other decoration in blue ; XVII Cent, ; 7 in. h., 5 in. diam. 304 Jug, large, neck only ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. diam. The City Greenyard. 305 Jug, or pitcher, of more slender form, the body decorated with raised bosses in which are vases of flowers ; round the base are inverted heart-shaped ornaments containing a floral device, impressed ; the neck has two star-like bosses, with curved rays, and the spout is decorated with a mask with wings, wearing a curious head dress; XVII XVIII Cent.; 9 in. h. , 4| in. g. diam. PL LXXH, 7. 306 Jug, or pitcher, light grey stone ware, rosette and other decoration, with central medallion, bearing A. R. (Queen Anne) and crown; XVIII Cent. ; 10 in. h. , 7 in. diam. PI. LXXIII, 7. 307 Jug, similar, smaller, with medallion containing G. R. ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 5 in. diam. 308 Jug, grey stone ware, with globular body, and narrow neck, the body is decorated with raised bosses in grey on a blue ground ; on the spout is a tragic mask, the handle retains the clip for a pewter lid ; early XVTII Cent. ; 10 in. h. , 6 in. g. diam. MEDIEVAL POTTERY. 227 309 Oug, or pitcher, white glaze, decorated with blue, in the centre, on a medallion, is a profile bust of King George III, crowned, with the letters G. B. ; 6 in. h., 4 in. diam. PL LXXII, 8. 310-311 Jugs (two), similar to the above; 6 in. h. , 4 in. diam. 312 Drinking mug, grey colour, ornament composed of chequers in blue, central medallion in stone grey with G. R. (Gulielmus Rex) ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 4 in. diam. " 313 Mug, grey stone ware, decoration in blue and reddish brown ; imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4 in. diam. 314 Neck of vessel, grey stone ware, decoration in blue, with central medallion bearing G. R. ; XVII Cent. 315 Vessel, white ware, with decoration in blue ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 7 in. diam. 316 Jug, grey stone ware, with stamped geometrical designs in relief, covered with blue and purple glaze ; the fluted scroll handle is perforated for attachment of metal lid; XVII Cent.; 5| in. h., 4| in. d., 2f in. b., 2| in. m. Fleet Street. 317 Jug, grey stone ware ; blue decoration, consisting of two bands of round-headed arches, divided by a band of striated bosses ; XVII Cent.; 3J in. h., 2f in. m., 3 in. b. York Street, Drunj Lane. PORCELAIN, MAJOLICA, ETC. 318 Cream jug, cream-coloured ware, decorated with silver lustre, the handle in the form of a vine branch, the tendrils of which clasp the body of the vessel, bunches of grapes and leaves spring from the tendrils; probably Staffordshire; XVIII Cent.; 24 in. h., 2 1 J a in. w., 2| in. g. diam. 319 Toby jug, in white glazed Staffordshire ware ; early XIX Cent. ; lOjfin. h. 320 Mug, with handle, fishing scene in mauve on front ; Staffordshire ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 4 in. m., 4 in. b. 321 Cup, small, decoration in blue, cream-coloured ware, crescent mark ; Worcester, before 1793 ; 2 in. h. , 2 in. g. diam. , 1 in. b. 3v?2 Cup, decoration in blue, originally with two handles, one missing ; Oriental; 2 in. h., 2| in. m., 1 in. b. 323 Cup, spirally fluted, decorated in blue and gold ; Worcester, late XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 2| in. m., If in. b. 324-325 Cup and saucer, in Lowestoft style, decorated with floral designs, both painted and in relief ; Oriental ; cup, 3 x 1 x 1| in. n. ; saucer, 5 x 3 x 1 in. h. 326-327 Cup and saucer, fluted, decorated in blue and gold ; Worcester ; late XVIII Cent. ; cup, 2 in. h., 3| in. m., 1 in. b. ; saucer, 5 X 3i X 1| in. h. 328 Saucer, spirally fluted, decoration in blue and gold, crescent mark in blue ; Worcester, late XVIII Cent. ; 5J x 3 x 1 in. h. 329 Saucer, similar in every respect to above example, but without mark ; Worcester, late XVIII Cent. ; o x 3g x \\ in. h. 16* 228 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 330 Sugar bowl, cover decorated in blue and gold, crescent mark in blue ; late XVIII Cent. ; 5 x 4f x 2f in. h. 331 Dish, majolica, decoration in blue, brown, and green, with re- presentation of Adam and Eve and the Serpent, and the tree of knowledge; XVIII Cent. (?) ; 13| in. diam. 332 Dish, majolica, portion only, with a representation of the Adora- tion of the Shepherds, in relief ; in the background is another shepherd, with a flock of sheep, and three angels ; XVI ( ?) Cent. ; 10| in. diam., 2 in. h. 333 Dish of red earthenware (imperfect), with a female bust in the centre, surrounded by a strap pattern border; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 12 in. diam.. 3 in. h. 334 Dish, large, oval, with decoration of fruit, trees, and a parrot, with mark SALOPIAN impressed ; made at Caughley, Shropshire, about 1800 ; 17 X 12 X 2 in. 335-336 Dishes (pair), lozenge-shaped, decoration in blue willow pattern, basket-work edge ; Staffordshire ; 10 X 7| X 2 in. h. 337-338 Dishes (pair), oval form, with birds of paradise in colour ; mark, an anchor in red-brown; Chelsea; 10| 1., 7 in. w., 1J in. h. 339 Dish, china, in form of a leaf, cream-coloured ware, decorated with flowers; Dresden; 8| in. 1., 7 in. w. , 1 in. h. 340 Sauce boat, similar decoration ; Dresden ( ?) ; 7| in. 1. , 2 in. h. , 3| in. b. 341 Vegetable dish and cover, decoration in red, green and gold ; in the form of the segment of a circle ; Crown Derby mark ; 13 in. 1., 8 in. w., 5 in. h. 342 Plate, china, with the arms of the Cooks' Company painted upon it. To commemorate the fourth centenary of the foundation of the Company, 1882 ; 9 in. diam. 343 Bowl, small, decorated with flowers in red, blue, and green ; Oriental; 5| in. m., 2| in. b., 3 in. h. 344-345 Boxes (two), and covers, with blue ground, having decorations of raised figures in white ; WEDGWOOD mark ; each 2^ in. h., 2| in. diam. 346 Patch-box, Battersea enamel, inscribed on lid " A present from London, Whitehall," with a view of Whitehall ; 1| x 1| X | in. 347 Handle of walking-cane, china, blue decoration; Oriental (?). 348-349 Buttons (two), porcelain, in copper-gilt frames, hunting scenes; XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. diam. 350 Bowl, agate ware, fragment; XVIII Cent.; 8 in. diam. Basing- hall Street. 351 Mug, hard red ware, with human figures, dragons, and scrolls in relief,, in two bands; Elers ware ( ?) ; XVIII Cent.; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. South work. 352 Base of dish, majolica (?), with decoration in blue and brown; XVII Cent. Moorfields. See also Div. IX, No. 508. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 229 S1EGBURQ AND RAEREN WARE. 353 Jug, greyish-brown stone ware, unglazed ; XVI Cent.; 3| in. g. diam. Copthall Court. 354 Jug, of similar type; XVI Cent.; 9f in. h., 4^ in. g. diani. Aiistin Friars. 355 Jug, small, grey stone ware, covered with rich brown glaze, the base is indented ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 3f in. diam. 356 Jug, brown glazed; imperfect; XVI Cent. London. 357 Jug, with expanding indented base ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 44 in. g. diam. Borough, 1873. 358 Jug, light stone ware, with short neck, having horizontally-ringed body and crinkled base ; XVI Cent. ; 7^ in. h. , 5 in. diam. London. 359 Jug, brown stone, similar fonn but badly warped in the firing ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3| in. diam. London. 360 Jug, of brown glazed stone ware, fluted body, with handle and indented base; XVI Cent.; 6^ in. h., 4^ in. g. diam., 3| in. b., 2| in. m. CornhUl. 361 Jug, light ash- coloured stone ware, indented base ; XVI Cent. ; 7^ in. h., 3^ in. diam. Thames, Temple, 1864. 362 Jug, or bottle, grey stone ware, with bulbous body and long slender neck, looped handle at side, base pinched at iutervals ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. h., 5| in. g. diam., 1 in. m., 4 in. b. Rose- bery Avenue. 363 Jug, small, with one handle, having a rudely-executed human face on front ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 2| in. g. diam. Golden Lane. 364 Jug, small, with representation of a human face rudely-executed on body; XVI Cent.; 5 in. h., 3 in. diam. PI. LXXII, 9. Whitechapel. 365 Jug, light grey stone ware, slightly glazed, with elongated body, straight neck, and flat, loop handle ; the base expands and is finger- marked ; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. h., 3- in. g. diam., 2| in. b. . 1 in. m. Fore Street. 366 Jug, or pitcher, brown stone ware, indented base ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h., 4 in. diam. London. 367 Jug, light grey stone ware, slightly glazed on front ; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. h. , 3^ in. diam. Fore Street. [ 368 Jug, grey stone ware, unglazed, of simple form ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 369 Jug, light stone ware, with indented base; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. h., 3 in. diam. 370 Jug, stone-coloured ware, partly glazed; XVI Cent.; 5 in. h., 4 in. diam. 371 Ale jug, or pitcher, grey glazed stone ware, with indented hori- zontal bands, the base crinkled in the usual manner ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. London. 372 Jug, ash-coloured ware, similarly ribbed; XVI Cent.; 7 in. h., 3 in. diam. London. 230 MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 373 Cup, portion only, ribbed body and indented base ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. h. , 3 in. diam. London. 374 Ale jug, or pitcher, grey glazed ware, with pinched base ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 375 Jug, portion only, grey stone ware, with three circular medallions on body, each containing portion of the figure of a female saint, with traces of inscription ; XVI Cent. London. 376 Jug, portion only, with circular bosses containing projecting spines on shoulder, and crinkled base ; XVI Cent. Southwark. 377 Jug, stone ware, portion only, with coat of arms in relief ; XVI XVII Cent. Great Chapel Street. 378 Jug, stone ware, neck only, with frieze of heads and scroll-work in relief; XVI XVII Cent. Great Chapel Street. 379 Beaker, light stone ware ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. , 3 in. diam. 380 Jar, or beaker, light stone ware, with reddish tinge ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. Idol Lane. 381 Vase, or beaker, light unglazed ware, with crinkled base ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h., 2 in. diam. London. 382 Vase, or beaker, similar ; XVI Cent. ; 3f in. h. , 2 in. diam. 383 Vase, or ewer, covered with light brown glaze, the centre decorated with arched panels containing demi-figures of men and women ; the central panel bears a device consisting of a merchant's mark composed of a compound of the figure 4 and a monogram ; imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. g. diam. , 3 in. b. Bishops- gate Street. 384 Bottle, two-handled, brown glazed stone ware, indented round the base ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. Tower Street, 1882. 385 Tankard, grey stone ware, with medallions, representing London Bridge, and inscribed: " LOXDEN " and "w B"; XVII Cent.; 8 in. h., 5 in. diam. PI. LXXIII, 8. 386 Mug, grey stone ware, glazed ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h., 3| in. g. diam. Rosebery Avenue. 387 Mug, grey colour, of cylindrical form, with looped handle at side ; XVI Cent. ; 34 in. 1. Thames, London. 388 Canette, or cylindrical mug, of brown stone ware, with panels containing a female figure, with inscription " DAS MADGEN VON ORLIANS, 1547 ..." (Joan of Arc); imperfect; 10 in. h., 2| in. m., 3 in. b. PI. LXXIII, 6. 389 Portion of cup, ribbed body and indented base ; XVI Cent. ; 34 in. h. , If in. b., 3 in. m. London. 390 Small vessel, grey stone ware ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. h. London. 391 Mug, yellow gla/ed stone ware, with two profile busts of Royal persons and tree-like ornament, with foliated scrolls ; imperfect ; 2| in. h., 2f in. b., If in. m. Bishopsgate Street. 392 Jug, brown glazed stone ware; on front a double-headed eagle, crowned ; on either side towards handle a deeply incised leaf decoration: finger-indented base; neck missing; 2^ in. g.d., 2 in. b. Steelyard. MEDIAEVAL POTTERY. 231 393 Jug, portion, brown glazed stone ware, with bands of incised chevrons on rim and body ; XVI Cent. Newgate. See also Div. IX. No. 285; Div. X, Nos. 115, 116, 151 and 166. SLIP WARE. . 394 Jug, red ware, dark brown glaze, ornamented with yellow slip ; XVII Cent.; 7 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 3| in. m. PI. LXX, 15. Bishopsgate Street. 395 Jug, of red ware, deep brown glaze, and yellow slip, inscribed "HONOR THE LORD"; imperfect; XVII Cent.; 8| in. h., 5 in. diam., 3 in. b. London. 396 Jug, brown glazed, yellow slip, inscribed " THE GIFT IS SMALL GOOD WILL IS ALL 1650." 5 in. h. PI. LXX, 3. Liverpool Street. Hodgkin's " Early English Pottery," p. 9, No. 25. 397 Jug, large, red glaze, decorated with yellow slip, inscribed " FAST AXD PRAY AND PRAY AND PITTY THE POOR AMEND THY LIFE AND SENNE NO MORE 1656 " lOf in. h., 6f in. diam., 4 in. b. Fencfiurch Street. 398 Jug, brown ware, portion only, with scrolls, semi-circular lines and dots in yellow slip ; XVII Cent. ; 4f in. h. , 3| in. m., 3 in. b. Finsbury Circus. 399 Jug, brown glazed ware, with yellow handle ; Metropolitan ware ; XVII Cent. ; IJjt in. h., 1 in. b. , 1 in. m. , 1 in. g. diam. London Wall. 400 Pitcher, brown glaze, decorated with yellow slip, fragment, of grotesque form; it represents a bearded human face; 4 in. h.. 3| in. g. diam. London Wall, 1866. 401 Vase, portion of, in form of a boar's head, in brown, yellow, and black, red glazed ware ; XVI Cent. ; 5 x 4 in. PI. LXVII, 1. London Wall. 402 Mug, slip ware ; imperfect ; the body covered with a light brown glaze, and decorated in bright yellow slip ; XVII Cent. ; 3| x 3 in. Great Chapel Street. 403 Drinking cup, red brown glaze, with yellow slip; inscribed "BE MERY AND wiE " (wise) ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 2| in. b.. 4 in. m. PI. LXX, 10. Half Moon Street, Bishopsgate, 1863. Hodgkin's "Early English Pottery," p. 54, No. 196. 404 Bowl, fragment only, of slip ware, red glazed, with A ST- A in yellow ; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. h. London. 405 Porringer, two handles, brown glazed ware, decorated with fleurs- de-lis and coats of arms in yellow slip, also i E in an oblong compartment with T below ; on the other side is the date 1695 : 6| in. h., 7 in. m., 5| in. b. PI. LXIX, 9. 232 MEDIAEVAL TOBACCO PIPES. 406 Pot. slip ware, red glazed, inscribed " BE MERY AND wis . . . " in yellow, on body ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 iu. h., 7 in. m., 4f in. b. London. , Hodgkin's " Early English Pottery," p. 53, No. 195. 407 Money box, brown glazed ware, with white slip band, and dome- shaped top ; XVIII Cent. ; 3| in. h. , 3 in. b., 4 in. diam. London. 408 Feeding-bottle, red slip ware, decorated with yellow dots, flat- tened globular body, spout at side, pedestalled base ; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. h., 2f in. diam. London, 1870. 409 Vessel, red ware, covered with a buff slip, with a broad rim and two handles; XVII Cent. ; 13 in. h. , 12^ in. diam. Strand. 410 Vessel, large, portion only, with yellow slip leaves and incised decoration on handle, and a pierced quatrefoil on side near handle ; XVII Cent. ; 9| X 6 in. Moorgate Street. 411 Spigot, of brown stone ware, with a flat top, which is decorated with yellow and black ; 2^ in. 1. See also Div. IX, Nos. 464, 533 and 557. MEDLEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XL TOBACCO PIPES, ETC. Note. Most of the pipes were originally much longer. The dimensions, where given, are those of present length. ELIZABETH. 1 Diminutive bowl and stout stem ; 4| in. 1. PI. LXXVII, 12. London. 2 Monogram T. B., with fleur-de-lis above, on base. 3 Initials I. R., with foliated ornament; on base. 4 Initials R. (?) S. on base. 5 Device on base, a leaf ; imperfect. ELIZABETH JAMES 1. 6 Bowl small and of bulbous form, with spur at base ; 3^ in. 1. PI. LXXVII, 13. St. Clement Danes Churchyard. 7 Bowl more elongated, very slight spur; 4| in. 1. PI. LXXVII, 11. 8 Bowl barrel-shaped, stem impressed with lozenge-shaped orna- ment. Moor fields, 1865. 9 Bowl and stem decorated with indented lines, stars, and shieids bearing the Agnus Dei. London (?). 10 Initials I. A., surmounted by crowns, on side of spur. 11 Initials I. C. on base. 12 Initials W. C. ; 8* in. MEDIAEVAL TOBACCO PIPES. 233 13 Initials on base W. K., within circle. Moor fields. 14 Initials R. M. on base. 15-16 Initials on base, I. R., on a rose. Two specimens. Moor fields. 17 Initials I. S., within a circular wreath. 18 Device, on base, a foliated cross. 19 Device (heart-shaped), on bowl, consisting of three fish-shaped objects and a star. 20 Device, pellets (?) on spur. 21 Device, six-rayed star. 22-23 Device, eight-rayed star within circle. Two examples. 24 Device, on base, a wheel in a sunk circle. 25-26 Of ordinary form, undecorated. Two examples. JAMES I. Same type as preceding period. 27 Initials I. H. , within a circle ; stem ornamented with indented ring and device within a circle. 28 Device, on base, a six-rayed star. JAMES I-CHARLES I. 29 Bowl small and bulbous, flat base, and long stem ; eight ex- amples; one lOf in. 1. PI. LXXVII, 15. Execution Dock; Mitre Street; and other localities. 30-33 Bowl similar, pointed spur ; and three other examples. George Street; Tower Hill. J.B.A.A., xi, p. 75. 34-38 Bowl, barrel-shaped, with indented ring near mouth, base pointed. Five examples. 39 Bowl and stem ornamented with incised decoration of stars ; W. O. incised on sides of bowl ; 5 in. 1. 40 Initials R. B. within a wreath. PI. LXXVII, 4. 41 Initials G. C. within a heart, a cinquefoil below. PI. LXXVII, 2. George Street. 42 Initials P. C. , with ornament in shape of a fleur-de-lis. PI. LXXVII, 3. 43 Initials G. L. on bowl, with a device of horse-shoe form, sur- mounted by a dagger. PI. LXXVII, 10. 44 Initials I. S. on base. PI. LXXVII, 1. 45 Initials W. S. within wreath (perhaps W. Shaw, of Broseley, about 1630). PI. LXXVII, 9. 46 Device, on base, a portcullis ; 6^ in. 1. 47 Device, an eight-rayed star within a circle, pellets between rays. PI. LXXVII, 6. 48-49 Device, an eight-spoked wheel ; two examples. PI. LXXVII, 7, 8. 50 Device, an eight-spoked wheel, pellets between the spokes. ' PI. LXXVH, 5. 234 MEDIAEVAL TOBACCO PIPES. CHARLES I. AND COMMONWEALTH. Same type as preceding period. 51 Maker's name, J. Bradley, 1646 (?), in a square of two com- partments. 52 Initials T. C. , and floral device in circle (perhaps Thomas Clarke, of Broseley, about 1647). 53 Initials T. D., surmounted by crowns or fleurs-de-lis, with rose- like device within a heart. 54 Initials I. B. , on base. London Wall. 55 Pipe of brown stone ware, with indented line round upper portion of the bowl. PI. LXXVII, 17. Fleet Ditch, 1862. CHARLES 1-CHARLES II. 56-57 Barrel-shaped bowl, with pointed spur ; two examples ; 6 in. and lOf in. 1. PJ. LXXVII, 14. London. 58 Barrel-shaped bowl, flat base. Aston, Oxfordshire. 59 Bowl and stem decorated with profuse floral design. PI. LXXVII, 23. Cromwell House, Putney. CHARLES II. 60-64 Bowl long and barrel-shaped, with flat or pointed spur. Five examples. Execution Dock and other localities. 65 -66 Bowl, similar, oval and elongated spurs. Two examples. 67 Initials, on stem near bowl, B. B. within a circle. London Wall. 68-69 Initials S with V under ; two examples ; 6 in. and 8| in. 1. London Wall. 70-71 Black clay pipes (two), one with short thick bowl ; 6 in. 1. JAMES II. 72-73 Bowl long and barrel- shaped, indented ring, and flat spur. Two examples. Guildhall, 1866, and Cannon Street. J.B.A.A., xi, p. 75. 74-75 Two similar examples ; 6 in. and 7| in. 1. Execution Dock, 1890 ; River Fleet, 1862. 76-81 Six similar examples; 6| in., 8| in., 9| in., and 10 in. 1. WILLIAM III. 82 Bowl long and somewhat straight, indented ring, and flat base. George Street, Tower Hill. J.B.A.A., xi, p. 76. 83-91 Nine similar examples. Found with a great many others in a brick vault. Took's Court, Chancery Lane. WILLIAM III-ANNE. 92 Bowl long and curved, with indented ring and flat spur ; two indented rings on stem. George Street. MEDIAEVAL TOBACCO PIPES. 235 93 Initials I. H., surmounted by crowns on sides. 94 Initials T. I. on base of bowl. Stem wanting. 95 Initials W. M. on sides. 96-102 Of ordinary form, undecorated ; seven examples. River Fleet; Thames; Woolwich; and other localities. ANNE GEORGE I. 103-111 Bowl, long and full, flat spur; nine examples, some without in- dented ring ; 6i to 12 in, 1. PI. LXXVII, 16, 18, 20. George Street; Victoria Street; and other localities. 112 Initials T. A. on base. 113 Initials I. C. on base ; 6 in. London Wall. 114 Initials I. D. on front of bowl ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 115 Initials I. W. on base ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 116 Device on stem, stars surmounted by crowns. 117 Device, crescents, on sides of bowl. GEORGE 1 II. 118 Bowl long and nearly perpendicular, flat base ; 9 in. PL LXXVII, 19. Exertion Dock. 119 Bowl of curious form, with thick stem, ornamented with indented lines and stars. PI. LXXVII, 22. 120 Initials on bowl, A. with R. L. beneath within an oval. London Wall. 121 Initials E. B., within a beaded circle. Fenchitrch Street. 122 Name on bowl, Sam. Decon, within an ornamental device. This maker was alive in 1729, but the specimen is earlier in form. 123 Initials R. K. in circle on bowl. 124 Device, shield bearing three wheatsheaves and a sword, indented rings above and below ; 7^ in. 125-126 Of ordinary form, undecorated ; two examples ; one 10^ in. 1. Farringdon Street. GEORGE III. 127 Bowl, decorated on one side with seated figures of Mercury and Neptune, with their attributes, and between them the sun ; underneath is the sea, with two ships. On the other side is a shield, barred, bearing six stars, surmounted by a crown, and surrounded with a wreath of thorns. St. Thomas Street, Bow, 1868. 128 Initial D. on base of bowl. 129 Initials R. M. on sides of bowl. 130 Bowl in form of a head ; the stem ornamented with pellets, and straight and wavy lines. 23(5 MEDIEVAL TOBACCO PIPES. 131 Pipe, bowl ornamented with sprays, between which are figures of Nelson (?) and a crowned female; XVIII Cent. Thames, Chis- wick. GEORGE III VICTORIA. 132 Bowl in form of a woman's face, ornamented below with a foliated design. PI. LXXVII, 21. 133 Bowl in form of the head of Bacchus. 134 BoAvl, decorated with masonic emblems. London Wall. 135 Bowl of pipe (?), ornamented on flat edge and base with incised lines ; 2f in. 1. Thames. Blackfriars. 136 Bowl, with floral decoration ; on one side is a representation of the "Rocket" steam-engine; on the other a ship in full sail, "COMMERCE" beneath; on stem is " T. COOMER, NORTH END," and "EXHIBITION OF KNDTTSTRY, 1851"; 4| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 137 Pipe, clay, with City arms impressed on the stem ; XVIII XIX Cent. ; 8J in. 1. Thames, Hammersmith. 138 Pipe, portion of stem coiled over to form a loop ; feathered line on bowl ; XIX Cent. ; imperfect. Chamberlain's Wharf. 139 Bowl, representing a naval officer leaning against a mast, smoking a pipe; makers' name on bowl; French; XIX Cent. EMBER TONGS. 140 Pair of small ember tongs, brass, the end of one of the handles forming a pipe stopper ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; o in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. J.B.A.A., xxvii, p. 256. PIPE CASES. 141 Pipe-case, pear wood, with engraved brass mounts, and long iron pricker for cleaning the stem of the pipe. A pipe is inserted to show the use of the object ; Dutch or German ; XVIII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. 142 Pipe-case, somewhat similar, but the end for the mouthpiece is bul- bous, and there is no pricker ; same origin and period. PIPE STOPPERS. 143 Pipe-stopper, brass, with seal, the handle being in the form of a signet ring, inscribed I D , with a six-rayed star above and below ; XVI XVII Cent. ; If in. 1. London. 144 Pipe-stopper, brass, with handle in form of a bust of Charles I ; probably XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London. 145 Pipe-stopper, brass, handle in form of a signet ring, inscribed with three arrows ; XVII Cent. ; If in. 1. MEDIAEVAL TOBACCO PIPES. 237 146 Pipe-stopper, brass, the head in form of a cock ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 147 Pipe-stopper, brass, in form of a grotesque male figure ; XVII XVIII Cent, ; 2| in. 1. London. 148 Pipe-stopper, brass, similar to the above ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Thames (?). 149 Pipe-stopper, brass, slender shaft, terminating in a male head ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. London. 150 Pipe-stopper, brass, the handle represents Minerva, with a shield ; XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. London. 151 Pipe-stopper, brass, handle in form of a coin of Queen Anne ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 , 1 Anchor, stone ; an anchor, with the initials r and the date 1669 1 1 i , on either side ; 24 X 24 X 4 in. PI. LIX, 6. 2 Ape and Apple, plaster ; a crouching ape devouring an apple ; with inscription B. I. M. 1670. ; 25 X 20 X 7 in. PL LX, 1. Philip Lane, 1896. 3 Bell, composition ; a bell in very high relief on a mantled shield ; underneath are the keystones of the three first-floor windows of the house on which the sign was placed, bearing the initials ^ A in the central one, and the date 1668 on either side ; 25 X 30 X 13 in., keystones, each 7 X 12 x 4 in. PI. LXIII, 4. No. 67, Knight rider Street. 4 Bell and Dragon, stone ; a dragon rampant supporting a bell on left, in high relief ; mutilated ; 27 x 22| in. Used as a trade-mark by Messrs. Corbyn, Stacey and Co., and found by them in re- building premises at No. 7, Poultry, 1864. 5 Boar's Head, stone ; a boar's head sculptured in high relief and coloured, with the initials I. T. and the date 1668 ; from the famous hostelry in Eastcheap ; 19 X 16^ X 9 in. PI. LVIII, 5. Site of King William IV's Statue. 6 Boulting Mill ; metal sign, formed of a heart-shaped plate of copper, attached at top to a satyr's face in brass, with brass ring and hook for suspension ; the copper plate is inscribed : " Abraham Bartlett, who makes ye Boulting Mills and Cloathes, dwells at the sign of the Boulting Mill, in Thames Street, near Queenhithe, London, 1678 " ; 4 x 2 in. PI. XCVL 3. 7 Bull and Mouth, sandstone ; large tablet surmounted by a bust of King Edward VI, below which are the arms of Christ's Hospital. In the centre is a huge grotesque face with open mouth, within which is a bull ; beneath are festoons of grapes and flowers ; at the base is a tablet inscribed " MILO THE CRETOXIAN AX ox SLEW WITH HIS FIST AND ATE IT UP AT ONE MEAL YE GODS WHAT A GLORIOUS TWIST"; XIX Cent. ; 17 ft. 6 in. h. , 8 ft. 9 in. w. PI. LXII, 3. Queen's Hotel, St. Martin 's-le-Grand. 8 Bull and Mouth ; miniature reproduction of the sign of the Bull and Mouth Inn, afterwards the Queen's Hotel, in St. Martin's-le- Grand, pewter, with plate below, on which is inscribed SHERMAX ; early XIX Cent. ; 3| x 2 in. PI. XCVI, 1. 9 Bull and Mouth ; large wood and plaster figure representing a finely-executed bull, with a large grotesque mouth below; 4 ft. 6 in. X 6 ft. 3 in. PI. LXII, 2. Angel Street, Aldersgate, 1887. MEDIAEVAL TAVERN SIGNS. 253 10 Cock and Bottle, composed of blue and white Dutch tiles ; the centre is occupied with a well-executed figure of the bird, with a glass wine-bottle of the ordinary type above, the whole enclosed within a tasteful border of conventional foliage ; circa 1700 ; 2 ft. 10i in. X 2 ft. li in. PL LXI, 1. Cannon Street. 11 " Dish of Coffee Boy " ; oblong sign of glazed tiles, decorated in blue, brown and yellow, representing a waiter pouring out some coffee ; upon a table, by his side, are a gazette, two pipes, a bowl, a bottle, and a mug ; above, on a scroll, is " dish of coffee boy " ; XVII Cent. ; 19 X 15J in. ; imperfect. PL LXIV, 3. Brick Lane, Spitalfields. Robinson's " Early history of Coffee Houses." frontispiece and p. 236. 12 Dolphin, painted copper sign, inscribed with the date 1730 ; 26 X 22 in. PL LXI, 2. South side of Royal Exchange. 13 Eagle and Child, stone or composition ; an eagle standing over an infant in swaddling clothes, lying in a cradle ; sometimes known as the " Bird and Bantling," the crest of the Stanleys, Earls of Derby ; 25 x 25 X 6 in. PL LVIII, 3. Crooked Lane'. 14 Gardener, stone ; a man holding a spade in right hand, the date 1670 on either side of head ; 21 x 28 x 7 in. PL LIX, 3. Gardener's Lane, Upper Thames Street. 15 George and Dragon ; stone sign, with representation of St. George and the Dragon ; 4 ft. x 3 ft. 5 in. PL LXIII, 2. George Yard, Snow Hill. 16 Goose and Gridiron, wood and iron ; probably early XIX Cent. ; 26 X 24 X 13 in. PL LX, 4. St. Paul's Churchyard. 17 Goose and Gridiron ; slab, composition, bearing a shield inscribed 1786 and surmounted by a bishop's mitre ; in the upper corners are inscribed T. F. ; 30 x 23 X 2 in. PL LIX, 4. Goose and Gridiron Tavern, St. Paul's Churchyard. 18 Leather Bottle, wood, with copper sheathing at ends, supported on an iron rod; XVII Cent. ; 19 x 11 in. PL LX, 6. Leather Lane, Holborn. See also p. 144, No. 38. 19 Naked Boy; plaster figure of a nude boy with legs bent and crossed ; above the head a square board for attaching the figure to the rod from which it swung; XVII Cent.; 2 ft. 10 in. h., 1 ft. 7 in. w. Corner of Fleet Lane, Farringdon Street, 1904. 20 Ostrich, stone ; an ostrich sculptured in high relief ; XVII Cent. ; 15 x 21 x 10i in. PL LIX, 1. Bread Street. 21 Pill, stone ; a half sphere in centre of tablet, with the date 1669 at the corners ; 16 X 15 X 6 in. PL LIX, 5. Messrs. Sutton and Company's Warehouse, Bow Churchyard, 1890. 22 Spread Eagle, stone ; a double-headed spread eagle, sculptured in relief (the sinister head restored), with the initials E (or L) R. M. and date 1669 ; 24 x 22 X 5 in. PL LVIII, 4. London. 23 Three balls, wood, suspended from a cruciform iron frame ; a pawnbroker's sign; 22| X 22 in. PL XCVII, 6. 116, Drury Lane. 24 Three Crowns, stone ; three crowns in high relief, with the date 1667 ; 21 X 24 x 4 in. PL LVIII, 1. Lambeth Hill. 254 MEDIEVAL BOUNDARY AND PROPERTY MARKS. 25 Three Kings, stone ; figures of three kings in high relief, crowned and shouldering their sceptres ; the date 1667 in spandrils ; 21 x 25 X 2^ in. PI. LVIII,'2. Bucklersbury. 26 Three Kings, stone ; similar to the foregoing ; XVII Cent. ; 27 X 26 X 3i in. PI. LVIII, 6. Lambeth Hill. 21 Tablet, lead, square, with battlemented top ; the date 1622 in relief in centre ; 10 X 10 in. 28 Slab, stone, with coat of arms and inscribed " SV Peter Proby, Lord Maior, 1623 " ; 2 ft. 9 in. X 2| in. x 5 in. PI. LIX, 2. Gower's Walk, WhitecJiapel. 29 Slab, composition, ornamental, representing a cherub's head, with the date 1671 beneath; 26 x 11 X 5 in. Paternoster How, 1890. 30 Slab, stone, bearing the City arms in high relief, and 1609 on a label below ; imperfect ; 16 X 13 X 4 in. 31 Key-stone, composition ; front bears a grotesque mask of a man, wearing a pointed night-cap, with tassel ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 144; X 8 X 6 in. Spital Square. 32 Slab, stone, having the City arms in high relief ; inscribed B 1720 ; 17 X 14 in. 33 Tablet, lead, with A. I.F. 1731, in relief; imperfect; 10 X 5 in. 34 Star-shaped object of embossed brass ; probably a sign ; early XIX Cent. ; 10 in. diam. Copthall Avenue. FIRE INSURANCE SIGNS. 35 A collection of 79 Fire Insurance Signs, including one or more examples of the following companies : Alliance, Atlas, Beacon, Birmingham, British, British Commercial, Church of England, County, Eagle, Globe, Guardian, Hand-in-hand, Im- perial. Lancashire, Licensed .Victuallers, Liverpool and London and Globe, London, London Assurance, Northern, Norwich Union, Palladium, Phcenix, Queen, Royal, Royal Exchange, Salop, Scottish Union, Suffolk and County, Sun, Union, West of England, Westminster, and Yorkshire. BOUNDARY AND PROPERTY MARKS. 36 Tablet, lead, with ST. D. E. 1784 in relief, 1867 painted in centre ; St. Dunstan's-in-the-East. Great Tower Street ; 9| X 8 in. Mark Lane. 37 Plaque, circular, cast iron, representing a schoolmaster and his pupils in XVI Century dress, S T 0''. St. Olave's Grammar School, Southwark ; 7 in. diam. 38 Sign, iron, of shield form, ST. T. H. above ; fleur-de-lis and Tudor rose in centre ; lower portion of arms defaced ; Saint Thomas's Hospital property mark ; 9 X 7 in. Basinghall Street. 39 Slab, stone, bearing a shield, with mantling, of the arms and crest of the family of Gregge ; 25 X 31 x 1 in. PI. LX 5. Bell Inn, Holborn, 1898. 40 Tablet, lead ; above, the City arms, below, in an oblong panel B P SEX , X , the whole surrounded with mantling ; three holes for attachment ; 14$ x 9| in. New Broad Street, 1907. MEDIEVAL STREET SIGNS. 255 41 Tablet, iron, similar, but with plain panel, and three holes for attachment. New Broad Street, 1907. 42 Tablet, iron, oblong, with the City arms in relief between c H; the background is painted dark red, and the arms in dark red on a white shield, above the shield on a raised blue band is a white rosette betv/een yellow fleurs-de-lis ; Christ's Hospital property mark. 43 Tablet, lead, oblong, with the mark of the Bridge House Estate in relief, an annulet ensigned with a cross pattee, interlaced with a saltire conjoined in base ; 12 x lOf in. 44 Tablet, iron, oval, with the mark of the Bridge House Estate in relief; 9 x 6| in. 45 Tablet, iron, similar ; 7f x 6| in. 46 Boundary mark, iron, oblong, of Christ Church parish ( ? New- gate), with cc in relief; lOf X 8 in. 47 Boundary mark, iron, oblong, of St. Sepulchre's parish, with p s s in relief; 11 x 8 in. L 1839 48 Boundary mark, wood, oblong, of St. Mary Woolnoth parish, ST with M w in relief ; 10f x 8| in. 1854 49 Boundary mark, iron, oblong, of St. Mary Woolnoth parish, ST with M w in relief ; 10| x 8^ in. 1864 50 Tablet, iron, oblong, with indented angles, containing the arms of the Poulters' Company in relief, painted ; 9f x 7^ in. 51 Sign, lead, a lien rampant, and below, MC1695; 9 in. 1., 6| in w. STREET SIGNS AND TABLETS. 52 Tablet, stone, which marked the site of the Vestry of St. Leonard, Eastcheap. Inscription : TIME OUT OF MIND THIS VESTRY STOOD TILL CROOKED WITH AGE MY STRENGTH I LOST AND IN NOVEMBER WITH FVLL CONSENT WAS BVILT ANEW ATT COST WHEN QVEENE ELIZABETH . . . INED HAD TO ENGLAND'S P . . . . 26 YEARES lOHN HER .... RlCH. POWNTES & HARR . . . CHVRCH WARDENS Wi . . . . DOMO 1584. 25 x 19 x 3 in. 53 Front of a City conduit, soft stone, divided into three compart- ments, with hole in centre for water, City arms, and 1627 above ; 52 X 42 X 15 in. PI. LXIII, 1. Corner of South Molton Street, Oxford Street. 54 Front of conduit (?), lime stone, with semi-circular headed arch in centre, within which is perforation for spout ; probably XVII Cent. ; 26 X 17 in. 55 Tablet, stone, inscribed " VNDAR. THIS. STONE, is. THE. WAY. TO EMPTYE. THE. VATE. ANNO. DO. 1640." 16 X 11 X 4 in. 256 MEDIAEVAL SCULPTUEE. 56 Slab, stone, inscribed " HOLLES STREET, 1647 " ; at either end* is a baluster ornament ; 17 X 34f x 4f in. 57 Street sign, in marble, inscribed " STEWKELEY'S STREET, 1668"; 24 x 18^ x 3^ in. This street is said to have been afterwards known as Bull and Mouth Street. 58 Tablet, stone, inscribed "GODFREYS COVRT, 1670"; 26 X 22 in. 59 Street sign, stone, from an old house in Upper Street, Islington. T> Inscribed " N j RVFFORDS BVILDINCS, 1688"; 20 x 21 X 2 in. 60 Tablet, stone, inscribed "BROAD STREET BUILDINGS, 1737"; 37^ x 24 in. 61 Slab, marble, small, sculptured with cupids and lions in low relief ; early XVIII Cent. ; 9^ X 5^ in. From the chimney-piece of the chamber above Temple Bar, removed in 1878. 62 Tablet, stone, inscribed "SKINNER STREET, 1802"; 27 X 21 in. MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XIV. DECOEATIVE AND MEMOEIAL SCULPTUEE. STATUES AND BUSTS. 1 Head of Edward VI, stone, from his statue by Caius Gabriel Gibber, in the Koyal Exchange, destroyed by fire January 18th, 1838 ; 9 X 8i X 8 in. 2 Statue, stone, of Edward VI, crowned and wearing Coronation robe ; 6 ft. 2 in. h. PI. XCVIII, 2. Guildhall Chapel. 3 Statue, stone, of Charles I in plate armour, crowned, wearing collar of the Garter, and holding a portion of a sceptre ; the figure is represented as trampling evil under his left foot ; the decorative details upon the armour are very finely executed ; 6 ft. 8 in. h. PI. XCVIII, 1. Guildhall Chapel. 4 Statue, stone, of Queen Henrietta Maria, wife of Charles I, crowned, and bearing orb and lower portion of sceptre in her hands ; 6 ft. h. PI. XCVIII, 3. Guildhall Cfuipel. The above three statues (Nos. 2 4) formerly occupied canopied niches in the west front of Guildhall Chapel. 5 Head of statue, soft limestone, of Charles I, with long curled hair, wearing crown; 13 X 11 in. Royal Exchange (?). 6 Statue, stone, of King Charles II, in classical costume, wearing a wreath ; XVII Cent. ; 7 ft. h. From the front of the College of Physicians, Warwick Lane, demolished in 1866. 7 Statue, stone, of Sir John Cutler, Knt. and Bart., wearing a robe, and holding a book in his left hand ; XVII Cent. ; 6 ft. 8 in. h. College of Physicians, Warwick Lane. 8 Plaster casts (four), found imbedded in mortar. Temple Bar. 1879 ; one draped female, one bull, and two male torsos. MEDIEVAL SCULPTURE. 257 9 Mask of Shakespeare, plaster, on slate slab ; 14f X 12 in. 10 Bust, plaster, of Sir John Sylvester, Bart., Recorder of London, 1803-1822 ; 24 x 23 in. Newgate Prison, 1902. 11 Figure, stone, imperfect, of St. Christopher carrying the infant Christ ; the limbs of St. Christopher, and head and limbs of Christ, are missing. Found in a Tudor wall. Newgate. 12 Head, female. Found in a Tudor wall; 11 in. h., 10 in. w. Newgate. 13 Two sculptured recumbent figures, stone, of Raving and Melan- choly Madness, by Caius Gabriel Gibber. Formerly placed over the Entrance Gateway of Old Bethlem Hospital, in Moorfields. Raving Madness, 69 X 29 in. Melancholy Madness, 74 X 30 in. PI. LXII, 1. 14-15 Statue of boy and girl of the Farringdon Ward Schools, stone, in the costume of the early XIX Cent. ; 4 ft. 3 in. X 16 in. X 12 in. MEMORIAL TABLETS AND DEPOSITS. 16 Tablet, stone, from Old London Bridge ; inscribed in old English characters : Anno dfii 1509. followed by the old Bridge House mark >< ; 14 x 10 X 7 in. Found with two other stones, dated 1497 and 1514, in pulling down part of the Bridge in 1758. 17 Tablet, stone, from No. 25, Pudding Lane. This stone was set up in 1681 on the house in which the Great Fire broke out, and is inscribed : " Here by ye permission of Heaven, Hell broke loose upon this Protestant City from the malicious hearts of barbarous Papists by ye hand of their Agent Hubert, who confessed and on ye Ruines of this Place declared the Fact for which he was hanged (vizt), that here began that dredfull Fire which is described and perpetuated on and by the neighbouring pillar, erected Anno 1681 in the Mayoraltie of Sr Patience Ward, Kt." ; the stone is frac- tured near the middle ; 49 X 21 X 2^ in. PI. LXV, 3. 18 Foundation tablet, lead, oblong form, bearing inscription as follows : ON THE LAST DAY OF OCTOBER IN THE YEAR 1760 AND IN THE BEGINNING OF THE MOST AUSPICIOUS BEIGN OF GEORGE THE 3 d SIR THOMAS CHITTY KNIGHT LORD MAYOR LAYD THE FIRST STONE OF THIS BRIDGE UNDERTAKEN BY THW COMMON COUNCILL OF LONDON (IN THE HEIGHT OF AN EXTENSIVE WAR) FOR THE PUBLIC ACCOMODATION, AND ORNAMENT OF THE CITY. ROBERT MYLNE BEING THE ARCHITECT. AND THAT THERE MAY REMAIN TO POSTERITY [A] MONUMENT OF THIS CITY'S AFFECTION TO THE MAN WHO BY THE STRENGTH OF HIS GENIUS, THE STEADINESS OF HIS MIND, AND A KIND OF HAPPY CONTAGION OF HIS PROBITY AND SPIRIT (UNDER THE DIVINE FAVOUR AND FORTUNATE AUSPICES OF GEORGE THE SECOND) RECOVERED, AUGMENTED, AND SECURED THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN ASIA. AFRICA, AND AMERICA. AND RKSTORED THE ANTIENT REPUTATION AND INFLUENCE OF HIS COUNTRY AMONGST THE NATIONS OF EUROPE THE CITIZENS OF LONDON HAVE UNANIMOUSLY VOTED THIS BRIDGE TO BE INSCRIBED WITH THE NAME OF WILLIAM PITT. 3 ft. 6 in. x 2 ft. 4 in. The Bridge was afterwards called Black- friars Bridge. 18 258 MEDIAEVAL SCULPTURE. 19 Coin deposit. Wioh the above tablet were found the following coins of the reign of George II, guinea, half-guinea, crown, half- crown, shilling, and two sixpences (the guinea is wanting) ; also a metal disc, containing a medal awarded to Mr. Robert Mylne, by the Academy of St. Luke, at Rome. These were found in the foundation stone of old Blackfriars Bridge, on its demolition in 1870. 20 Tablet, stone, oblong form, bearing inscription as follows: "Georgius. Hid. Rex. On the 23d Day of June, 1761, in the first Year of the Reign of King George the Third, the first Stone of this PIKR was laid, by JOSEPH DIXOX, Master Mason of this Bridge. Robt. Mylne, Esqr. , Archt." In the upper portion is set a brass medal of George III, dated 1760. 14| x 9 x 2 in. 21 Tablet, stone, oblong, with rounded top, bearing inscription as follows: "Georgius III. Rex. On the 23d Day of June, 1761. In the first year of the Reign of KING GEORGE the Third, the first Stone of this, the first PIER, was laid by s r ROB' LADBROKE, KN* and President of the Honble. Committee for carrying this BRIDGE Into Execution. ROB 1 MYLNE. ARCH 1 JOSEPH DIXON, MASON." In the upper portion is a circular depression, containing a brass medal of George III. 20 X 10| x 3 in. 22 Tablet, stone, square, with circular depression in centre, bearing inscription as follows: Laid by D[es]ire of Sr. Frans. Gosling, Kt. and Aldn., June the 23d., 1761. 6 X 6 X3i in. 23 Plate, copper, oblong, with Latin inscription commemorating the laying of the foundation-stone of the Roman Catholic Chapel of Saint Mary, Moorfields, 5 August, 1817; 12 in. 1., 9 in. w. 24 Plate, brass, commemorating the making of Saint Bride's Avenue, Fleet Street, with the object of opening up the view of the spire of the church ; foundation-stone laid by John Blades, Esq. , Right Hon. John Garratt, Mayor, Nov. 3rd., 1825; 10 X 7 in. 25 Imprint from above brass plate ; same deposit. 26 Coin deposit. A penny and two half-pence of George IV, forming part of the deposit in the foundation-stone laid on the above occasion. Found under 85, Fleet Street, 1902. 27 Plate, copper, commemorating the laying of the foundation-stone of Finsbury Chapel, Moorfields, by the Rev. Alexander Fletcher, January 13th, 1825 ; 12x9 in. 28 Plate, copper, commemorating the repairs to Blackfriars Bridge, January 14th, 1835; first stone laid by J. C. Prior, Esq., Right Hon. Henry Winchester, Lord Mayor; below are the names of the Committee ; 16 X 13| in. 29 Tablet, copper, commemorating the repairs to Blackfriars Bridge, January 14th, 1835, the Right Hon. Henry Winchester, Lord Mayor ; first stone laid by J. C. Prior, Esq. ; 10 X 8 in. 30 Tablet, copper, with inscription, commemorating the discovery in 1834, and relaying in 1835, of three stone tablets in a pier of Black- friars Bridge ; 7| X 94 in. 31 Plate, perforated, silver-gilt, commemorating the laying of the first stone of the City of London School, Honey Lane Market, by the Right Hon. Lord Brougham and Vaux, October 21st, 1835; 23 x 10 in. MEDIAEVAL SCULPTURE. 259 32 Coin deposit, set of coins of William IV ; two pound, one pound, and ten shillings in gold, crown, half-crown, shilling, sixpence, fourpence, threepence, twopence, and penny in silver, and penny, halfpenny, and farthing in copper, from the foundation-stone of the City of London School, Honey Lane Market, built in 1835, removed to the Victoria Embankment, 1882 33 Trowel, silver, used in laying the first stone of the Clock Tower at the Metropolitan Cattle Market, Islington, by H. L. Taylor, Esq., March 24th, 1854; 14 x 4 in. 34 Trowel, silver, used by the Right Hon. Warren Stormes Hale, Lord Mayor, in laying the foundation-stone of Blackfriars Bridge, 20th July, 1865 ; 13 X 4 in. 34A Trowel, silver, used by H. Lowman Taylor, Esq., Deputy, in assisting to lay the corner stone of Leadenhall Market, 28th June, 1881 ; 14 X 4J in. ECCLESIASTICAL SCULPTURE. 35 Altar slab, portion, with double circle and five crosses incised upon it ; along the edge are recesses in which a metal inscription was formerly placed ; 25 x 22 in. London. 36 Coffin slab, stone, lower portion, with shaft and stepped base of a cross in relief ; on the edge of the slab are traces of inscription ; XIV XV Cent. ; 4 ft. 1. , 1 ft. 10* in. w. -37 Coffin slab, stone, upper portion, decorated with trefoil-ended cross in relief ; on side is a fragment of inscription : LEM : BRVN : PRIEK : PATER : XIV XV Cent. ; 32 X 23 in. 38 Base of column, stone, to receive a trefoil shaft, with projection at back ; XIV Cent. ; 11$ X 15 X 16 in. 39 Boss, stone, large, with foliate design, the apex having a repre- sentation of a human figure ; XIV Cent. ; 16 X 15 in. 40 Boss, limestone, terminating in a crowned bust ; XIV Cent. : 19 X 12 in. 41 Portion of male figure, in high relief, wearing long Mowing robe ; perhaps a bishop pronouncing the benediction : 25 X 21 X 8 in. ; XIII XIV Cent. CITY CHURCHES. 42 Carved stone head from a buttress of the tower of All Hallows Church, Thames Street ; probably XIV Cent. ; 14 X 13 X 12 in. 43 Coffin slab, stone, portion, ornamented with a foliated cross : XVI Cent. ; 27 x 22 x 8 in. From the foundations of the Church of St. Antholiu, Budge Row. 44 Coffin, stone, XIII Cent., found beneath the Guildhall Chapel. The lid is ornamented with a foliated cross between two trumpets, and is inscribed : GODKFREY LE TROViirovR : CIST : ci : DEV : DEL : EALME : EFT : MERCi : " Godfrey the trumpeter lies here, God have mercy upon his soul." 73 x'27 x 18 in. PI. LXV, 1. 45 Arcading, stone, portion, with trefoil arches enclosing shields ; one bearing the arms of Edward I, the other those of Eleanor of Castile ; XIII Cent. ; 27 x 40 in. Guildhall Chapel. 46 Arcading, stone, similar fragment ; 21 X 40 in. Guildhall Chapel. 18* 260 MEDIEVAL SCULPTURE. 47 Coffin slab, stone, upon which is a cross, with square head, com- posed of four circles, connected by curved loops just below the head of the cross ; the shaft has a globular expansion ; broken at base ; XIV XV Cent. ; present length 5 ft. Guildhall Chapel. 48 Coffin slab, stone, upon which is a cross, with stepped base, and square head, composed of four circles joined together at the sides, in relief, and a globular expansion on shaft ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6 ft. 1. Guildhall Chapel. 49 Fragments of capitals, door heads, etc. , of various periods. Guild- hall Chapel. The above sculptures (Nos. 45 to 49) were removed in March. 1902, from a window recess in the north-west part of the Guildhall crypt, where they had remained for a considerable time. 50 Stoup, limestone, the centre recess has a Tudor arch, with trefoils in the angles, and traces of moulding at the sides ; from the west wall of the church ; 26 in. h. , 25 in. w. St. Michael Bassishaw Church, 1899. 51 Altar tomb, unpolished grey marble, two fragments, decorated with a quatrefoil ornament in panels ; in the centre is a shield- shaped portion, retaining sockets for two pegs, to these probably a metal shield of arms was originally attached ; 11 X 17| X 4 in., and 7J- x 12 x 3 in. St. Michael Bassishaw Church, 1899. 52 Stone, monumental, inscribed [AN]XO . DOM . 1630 IT is APPOINTED VNTO MEN ONCE TO DY AND AFTER THAT COMMETH THE IVDGE- MENT. HEB. 9, VER. 27. 16 X 16 X 5| in. St. Michael Bassi- shaw Church, 1899. 53 Royal arms, plaster, with an infant figure seated at either side supporting a shield of the City arms ; circa 1670 ; 8 ft. 7 in. X 19 ft. 2 in. PI. LXV, 2. St. Michael Bassishaw Church. 54 Corner stone from St. Michael's Church, Queenhithe, inscribed : THIS CHVBCH WAS BVRNED IN YE DREADFVL FIRE IN YE YEARE 1666 AND WAS BEGAN TO BEE REBVILT IN YE YEARE 1676. WlLL WOOD- ROFF, THO. LYME, CHVRCHWARDENS ; 34^ x 15 x 8 in. 55 Tablet, lead, oblong, bearing inscription as follows: IOHX LAURENCE ALDERMAN OF THIS WARDE LAIDE THIS STONE, MARCH 10th 1676; 3 x 4 in. St. Michael's Church, Queenhithe. 56 Slab, stone, with quatrefoil openings arranged in a trefoil ; XIV Cent. ; 28 X 24^ in. St. Michael's Church, Wood Street. ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENTS. 57 Shield, stone, of the arms of Edward III. Removed from the roof of the Guildhall during its reconstruction in 1864-5. 19 X 25 x 7 in. 58 Head of a man, limestone, wearing close-fitting hood ; probably XIV Cent. ; 8 X 7 in. 59-62 Boss, stone, with well-executed lion's mask, in high relief ; 17 X 17 X 14 in. Two others, similar, with wide open mouths ; 17 X 17 X 14 in. Another with four-petalled flower ; 17 X 17 X 14 in. XV Cent. From a crypt at the corner of Jewry Street and Aldgate. MEDIAEVAL HORSE FURNITURE. 261 3-65 Boss, stone, with lion's head carved in high relief ; 17 x 17 X 14 in. Another, similar, with Tudor rose in high relief ; 17 x 17 X 14 in. Another, similar, with grotesque human face ; 17 X 17 x 14 in. ; XV Cent. From a crypt in Leadenhall Street. 66 Curious architectural ornament, red brick, with curved front, the lower portion of which is decorated with a band of crossed lines ; the back of the object has two deep recesses, and the base is per- forated with four holes; probably Mediaeval; 8 in. 1., 3 in. h., 3 in. w. Suffolk Lane, 1852. 67 Bracket, carved, stone, representing a crouching grotesque male figure ; XV Cent. ( ?) ; from old house ; 9 X 20 x 10 in. 8 Mask, limestone, wearing a close-fitting hood ; probably XV Cent. ; 4| X 3| in. London. 9-70 Brackets (two), carved, stone, bearing grotesque masks ; .probably XV Cent. ; 6 X 8 x 7 in. 71 Slab, monumental (?), fragment only, hard, dark stone, with portion of floriated cross and fragment of indistinct inscription ; XV Cent. ; 22 X 18 in. 72 Head, hard dark stone, of a monk (?), wearing cowl, with rabbit lying over one ear ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 X 5f in. 73 Male bust, stone ; perhaps from a monument ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 17 X 17 in. 74 Nine portions of piers or mouldings ; Norman and Mediaeval. Site of Holy Trinity Priory, Aldgate, 1908. MEDIEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XV. HORSE FURNITURE, ETC. BITS. 1 Bit, iron, consisting of two cones linked together, with rings at broad ends for reins; early Mediaeval; 7| in. 1. Thames Embank- ment, 1869. 2 Bit, iron, consisting of two cones linked together, similar to pre- ceding ; early Mediaeval ; 6 in. 1. Bishopsgate Street, 1865. 3 Bit, bronze or brass, cheek piece only, consisting of square loop in centre, with curved expansion above and below ; the expansions are pierced into a crude zoomorphic design ; XII XIII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Thames (?), London. 4. Bit, iron, formed of two curved, tapering bars, linked together in centre, with straight, narrow cheek piece, having large loop in centre ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London. 5 Bit, iron, with curved cheek pieces, having large loops at sides and lower extremities ; the cross-bar consists of four short bars, with loops at ends ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Throgmorton Street, 1868. ?62 MEDIEVAL HORSE FURNITURE. 6 Bit, iron, cross-bar composed of two cones, connected in centre by a ring, from which hangs a pierced plate, with pendants, attached ; the cheeks are slender, with large ring in centre for the reins ; XIV XV Cent. ; 10 in. 1. London. 7 Bit, iron, with long curved cheek piece and portion of cross-bar, curved in the centre ; XV XVI Cent. ; length of cheek piece 9 in. Holborn Viaduct, 1869. J.B.A.A., xxvi, p. 166. 8 Bit, iron, long curved cheeks, the cross-bar arched in the centre, and provided with pendants and a number of small rings ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Trinity Court, Aldersgate. 9 Bit, iron, similar in type to preceding example ; XV XVI Cent. ;. 7| in. 1. Providence Row, 1870. 10 Bit, iron, of somewhat similar type, but with double row of rings on cross-bar, and remains of another side rod on one cheek piece ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Tower Bridge. 11 Bit, iron, of similar type, cheek piece only ; XV XVI Cent. ;. llf in. 1. White friars. 12 Bit, iron, portion only, with curved cheek piece and thin cross- bar, upon which is a movable tube ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 13 Bit, iron, portion only, with straight cheek piece, slightly deco- rated at ends and in centre, and half of cross-bar, which is deeply fluted; XV XVI Cent.; 8f in. 1. London Bridge. 1867. 14 Bit, iron, with straight cheeks, perforated and looped for attach- ment to the bridle ; the cross-bar consists of two pieces linked in the centre and riveted into the cheeks at the opposite end ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Worship Street, 1870. 15 Bit, iron, cross-bar only, consisting of double rods, attached in the centre to a square piece of iron, with four holes ; XVI Cent. ; 6i in. 1. London. 16 Bit, iron, the centre bar consisting of two pieces curved at right angles and hinged in the centre, with straight slender cheek piece, having large loop at junction with cross-bar ; probably XVII Cent. ; 6 hi. 1. London. This specimen is ingeniously cruel, as a strong pull on the reins would clip the tongue of the horse. 17 Bit, iron, long straight cheek pieces, and cylindrical cross-bar; the cheeks are looped ; XVII Cent. ( ?) : 6| in. 1. Thames. 18 Bit ; object resembling a horse's bit, iron, arched central bar, curved side-piece of slender proportions ; imperfect ; uncertain period ; 5 in. w. Barge Yard. CURRY-COMBS. 19 Curry-comb, iron, with long tang, terminating in trefoil, flattened at the ends ; these are affixed to the blade of the comb ; the wooden handle and ferrule are still in position ; XVI Cent. ; 7 X 6| in. Barge Yard, 1879. 20 Curry-comb, iron, with trefoil joint, short tang, and iron ferrule ; the blade is furnished with unusually coarse teeth ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. w. , 4^ in. 1. London. MEDIAEVAL HORSE FURNITURE. 263 21 Curry-comb, iron, the back of the curved blade decorated with a raised strip, to which are attached five square loops, containing rings; the long, slender tang remains; XVII Cent. ; 8| in. w., 7f in. 1. Barge Yard, 1879. HARNESS. 22 Harness, cup-shaped object, brass, decorated with incised lines, having two rectangular loops attached, and a flattened plate, perforated for rivets at base ; it may have been attached to the pommel of a saddle ; circa 1600 ; 2^ in. 1. Site of 27, Mark Lane. J.B.A.A., xxvii, p. 386. 23 Harness, cup-shaped object, similar to the above ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1., 1^ in. diam. Thames Street. 24 Harness, iron plate, with loops attached to three iron bar links, and small iron plate with hook ; probably portion of horse har- ness ; XVII Cent. ; about 17 in. 1. 25 Harness, hollow boss, brass, with flat octagonal base ; XVII Cent.; 1^ in. h., 2^ in. w. London Wall (?). 26 Harness-boss, brass, bearing the arms of England and France ; XIV Cent. ; 2| X 2| in. White Horse Yard. 27 Harness, portion of horse furniture ( ?), with three brass studs ; 14 in. 1. London. 28 Portion of harness (?); iron; XVI XVII Cent.; 7 in. 1. 29 Ornament, iron, for bridle, in form of a ring with three metal loops; XVII Cent.; 1J X 1J in. Thames, Dowgate. 30 Ornament, similar, brass. Brooks' Wharf. Upper Thames Street. 1867. 31 Ornament, similar ; 1| in. Gooch <. Covsens' Warehouse, London Wall, 1866. HORSESHOES. 32 Horse-shoe, iron, thin, broad, short type, arched opening in centre ; early Mediaeval ; 4f x 4^ in. London. 33 Horseshoe, iron, massive, broad type, roughly-shaped opening in centre, flat cross-plate across front of shoe ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6 X 6^ in. Wood Street, 1869. 34-35 Horseshoes (two) iron, heavy broad type, without calkins, and pierced with large rectangular nail holes ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 X 5| in. Wood Street, 1869. 36-37 Horseshoes (two), iron, massive type, with keyhole-shaped opening in centre, and square nail holes ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 X 5| in. and 7 X 6tV in. Whitechapel and Wood Street, 1869. 38 Horseshoe, iron, similar to above ; apparently without nail holes ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 X 5 in. Whitechapel. 39 Horseshoe, iron, with broad toe and sides tapering to heel ; pierced for seven nails, one calkin ; the front has a long strip of iron, semi-circular in section, across it ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 X 4| in. Whitechapel Road. 264 MEDIAEVAL HORSE FURNITURE. 40-43 Horseshoes (four), iron, of similar type to the above ; XVI XVII Cent. Botolph's Wharf; Wood Street, 1869 ; and other localities. 44 Horseshoe, iron, ordinary form, two nails remaining ; one calkin at end running parallel with curve of shoe ; XVII Cent. ; 4f X 4^ in. London. 45 Horseshoe, iron, broad heavy type, tapering rapidly to back, with large calkins; perforated for eight nails; XVII Cent. (?) ; 6 X 6 in. London. 46 Horseshoe, iron, with broad toe and sides, tapering to heels, with one stout calkin ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 54 X 4| in. London. 47 Horse or ox shoe, iron, with broad sides and narrow opening ; perforated for seven nails on each side ; the front of the toe is turned up, and the back has deep calkins ; probably XVII XVTII Cent. ; 6i X 6 in. Tolcenhouse Yard, 1869. 48 Horseshoe, iron, thin, pierced with three square holes on one side, and two on the other, no calkins ; uncertain period ; 3| x 3 jf in. London. 49 Horseshoe (?), iron, consisting of an irregular oval plate, with small oval opening in the centre ; uncertain period ; 7 X 5 in. London. 50 Horseshoe nail, iron ; Tudor. London Wall. 51 Mule-shoe, iron, thin, irregularly formed, pierced with four holes ; uncertain period ; 5f x 3f in. London. STIRRUPS. 52 Stirrup, iron, triangular, with broad oval foot-plate, turned over at edge ; the broad front of the strap loop is perforated with a trefoil at lower edge ; XV Cent. ; 64 X 5 in. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 53 Stirrup, iron, oval form, with circular foot rest, having a plate in the centre ; XV XVI ( ? ) Cent. ; 5^ X 5 in. London. 54 Stirrup, iron, broad form, decorated sides projecting below the foot rest, the latter consisting of two twisted and two plain bars ; XV XVI Cent. ; 64 X 6| in. Bishopsgate Street, 1865. 55 Stirrup, iron, broad form, with flat grooved sides, perforated below, the foot rest consists of two plain and two twisted bars ; the strap hole is in the form of an escallop shell ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7^ X 5 in. Holborn Viaduct, 1868. 56 Stirrups (three), iron, of similar shape and design ; XVI Cent. Brooks' Wharf. 57 Stirrup, iron, broad form, with curved, decorated sides, projecting below and under the flat, square foot plate ; oblong loop for strap ; XVI (?) Cent. ; 5 X 5| in. Whitehorse Yard, Coleman Street, 1865. 58 Stirrup, iron, broad short form, with decorated sides and wide foot plate, having two small holes and scalloped edge ; XVI Cent. ; 3i X 5i in. Monkwell Street, 1868. 59 Stirrup, iron, broad form, with open sides and foot -rest ; XVI Cent. ; 5i x 51 in. Thames Street. MEDIAEVAL SPURS. 265 60 Stirrup, iron, heart-shaped, the edge of foot plate slightly deco- rated ; XVI (?) Cent. ; 6i X 5^ in. Old Swan Lane, 1867. 61 Stirrup, iron, broad form, decorated with incised lines ; the rectangular strap loop is still in position, but one side of the foot rest is missing ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| X 4| in. Dowgate Hill. 62 Stirrup, iron, broad type, the sides decorated with a large boss, and flattened at junction with foot plate, which is oval, and open in the centre ; XVII ( ?) Cent. ; 5 x 5| in. Thames Street. 63 Stirrup, iron, broad type, somewhat circular in form, with flat foot plate, and perforated shoulder for a swivel ; probably XVII Cent. ; 5 X 5| in. London. 64 Stirrup, iron, with movable foot plate and remains of leather strap and covering ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 x 3f in. Holborn, 1890. MEDIEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XVI. SPUES. PRICK SPURS. Note. Where not otherwise stated, the material is iron. 1 Prick spur, small point set in neck ; X XI Cent. ; 5| in. long. Queen Victoria Street. 2 Prick spur ; X XI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. PI. LXXXII, 3. Coleman Street. 3 Prick spur ; X XI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Gracechurch Street. 4 Prick spur ; 8| in. 1. Paternoster Row. 5 Prick spur, iron, the neck inlaid with silver, shank terminating in a flat cross-shaped plate ; X XI Cent. ; 6| in. long. London. 6-11 Prick spurs (six); X XI Cent.; 3| in., 4| in., 5 in., 6 in., 6| in., and 5-& in. long. London. 12 Prick spur, with rivets in position ; XI XII Cent. ; 6| in. long. London. 13 Prick, spur, with large prick; XII Cent.; 5 in. long. London. 14 Prick spur, shank slender, slightly curved ; XII Cent. ; prick tV in. long. Queen Victoria Street. 15 Prick spur ; XII Cent. ; 5 in. long. Queen Victoria Street. 16 Prick spur ; XII Cent. ; 6 & in. long. PI. LXXXII, 1. Token- house Yard, 1866. 17 Prick spur ; XII Cent. ; 5 & in. long. Tokenhmise Yard. 18 Prick spur, with strap attached ; XII Cent. ; 6 in. long. 19-21 Prick spurs (three); XII Cent.; 4 in., 4| in., and 5A in. long. PL LXXXII, 2 266 MEDIAEVAL SPUES. 2-23 Prick spurs (two) ; XII XIII Cent. ; 5 in. and 6 in. long. London. XI1I-XIV CENTURIES. 24 Spur, rowel of six points ; Henry III ; 5 ^ in. long. Windmill Street. 25 Spur, with star rowel of twelve points, neck short and straight, shank curved ; Henry III Richard II ; 6^ in. long. 26 Spur, star rowel of eight points, otherwise similar to last ; Henry III Richard II ; 6| in. long. 27 Spur, similar, buckle and strap plate attached ; Henry Ill- Richard II ; 6| in. long. 28 Spur, rowel of eight points ; Henry III Richard II ; 5^ in. long. PL LXXXII, 7. Dowgate, 1869. 29 Spur, rowel of twelve points, neck ornamented at base, buckle and three strap plates attached ; Henry III Richard II ; 6^ in. long. Moorfields, 1865. 30 Spur, disc rowel of twenty-nine points, shank strongly curved, with well defined ridge and crest ; Henry III Richard II ; 5| in. long. Moorfields. 31 Spur ; imperfect ; ornamented short neck, decorated shank, with well denned ridge and crest ; Henry HI Richard II ; 5| in. 32 Spur, star rowel of eight points, short straight neck, inclined upwards ; Henry III Richard II ; 6 T >, in. long. Blackfriars. 33 Spur, six-pointed star rowel, short stout neck, curved shank, well defined ridge and crest ; Henry III Richard II ; 6| in. long. Clerkenwell, 1864. 34 Spur, large, six-pointed star rowel, short straight neck, inclining upwards, curved shank with well defined crest ; Henry III Richard II ; 6 in. long. Moorfields. 35 Spur, small star rowel of six points, shank slender, strongly curved, double perforation, with square-ended buckle and three strap plates attached ; Edward I Richard II ; 6 in. long. Brooks' Wharf. 36 Spur, brass, small star rowel of eight points, neck short and straight, shank slender and curved, sole straps and perforated plates complete ; Edward III Richard II ; 5ffe in. long. Brooks' Wharf. 37 Spur, rowel of twelve points; Edward III Richard II; 6 in. long. Windmill Street. 38 Spur; Edward III Richard II; 5 in. long. Queenhithe, 1848. 39 Spur, star rowel of eight points, short, straight neck, curved shank, well denned crest; Edward III Richard II; 6 in. long. Walbrook, 1869. 40 Spur, star rowel of six points, neck and shank decorated with a cable pattern moulding; Edward 111 Richard II; 6 in. long. PI. LXXXII, 6. Brooks' Wharf. 41 Spur, star rowel of twelve points, neck short, shank strongly curved under ankle ; Edward III Richard II ; 6 in. long. MEDIEVAL SPURS. 267 42 Spur; Echrard III Richard II; 6 in. long. London. 43 Spur, disc rowel of twenty-four points ; Edward III Henry IV ; 5^ in. long. 44 Spur, large foliated rowel of twenty points, neck short, straight, ornamented, crest well defined ; Edward III Henry IV ; 5| in. long. 45 Spur, foliated rowel of eight lancet-shaped points, neck short and decorated, shank slender and strongly curved, crest well defined, with milled edge ; Richard II ; 6 in. long. Walbrook, 1869. 46 Spur, star rowel of six lancet-shaped points, plain, straight, short neck, shank strongly curved, crest well defined ; Richard II ; 7f in. long. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 47 Spur, star rowel of ten points, portions of leather adhering to strap plates ; 6 in. long. PI. LXXXII, 4. London. 48 Spur, iron, foliated rowel of eight lancet-shaped points, orna- mented short and straight necik, shank curved under ankle, crest strongly defined ; Richard II ; 6jV in. long. Moorfie.lds, 1865. 49 Spur, foliated rowel of eight lancet-shaped points, large buckle and strap plates attached to double perforation at base of shank ; Richard II; 5} in. long. Worship Street, 1870. 50 Spur, star rowel of twelve points, neck ornamented at base r shank slender and strongly curved ; Richard II ; 6 in. long. Windmill Street. 51 Spur, rowel of eight points, neck short, shank slender, curved under ankle ; Richard II ; 5-j^ in. long. 52 Spur, small star rowel of six points ; Richard II ; 5 ^ in. long. London. 53 Spur, star rowel, long neck, flat, strongly curved shanks ; Richard II ; 6 in. long. London. 54 Spur, small star rowel of seven points, short straight neck, flat slender shank, strongly curved ; Richard II ; 5 ^ in. long. London. 55 Spur, star rowel of eight points, neck short, inclined upwards, shank slightly curved, buckle and strap-plate attached ; Richard II Henry IV; 6^3 in. long. PI. LXXXII, 5. Brooks' Wharf. 1867. 56 Spur, small eight-pointed rowel, short neck, strongly curved shank ; Richard II Henry IV ; 6 T V hi. long. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 57 Spur, star rowel of six points, neck short and decorated, shank curved and decorated, well defined blunt crest ; Richard II Henry IV ; 6 in. long. Brooks' Wharf. 58 Spur, brass, star rowel of eight points, broad short neck, slender curved shank, exaggerated decorated crest ; Richard II Henry IV ; 5 in. long. Brooks' W/tarf, 1867. 59 Spur, brass, foliated rowel of sixteen points, neck short, inclined upwards ; Richard II Henry IV ; 6^ in. long. 268 MEDIAEVAL SPURS. 60 Spur, six-pointed star rowel, short neck, inclined upwards, slender shank, gently curved, with exaggerated ball-pointed crest ; Richard II Henry IV;.5H in. long. 61 Spur, star rowel of eight lancet-shaped points, long straight neck, inclining upwards, flat shank, strongly curved ; Richard II Henry IV ; 7|f in. long. 62 Spur, star rowel, long slender neck, strongly curved shank ; Richard II Henry V ; 6 T V in. long. Old Swan Lane, 1867. 63 Spur, small star rowel, long straight neck, strongly curved shank, with well-defined crest ; Richard II Henry V ; 6 in. long. Old Swan Lane, 1867. XV CENTURY. 64 Spur, foliated rowel of twelve points, neck short and inclined upwards, slightly curved shank, exaggerated crest with ball point ; Henry IV ; 4 in. long. 65 Spur, star rowel of eight points, short straight neck, slender curved shank, exaggerated crest ; Henry IV ; 5|f in. long. 66 Spur, six-pointed rowel ; Henry IV ; 6 in. long. Dowgate Hill, 1869. 67 Spur, small star rowel of eight points, long slender neck, inclined upwards, slightly curved shank, with ornamental exag- gerated crest ; Henry IV ; 6^ in. long. 68 Spur, large star rowel of six points, long slender neck, curved shank, and exaggerated ornamental crest, ending in a knob ; Henry IV ; 7 in. long. 69 Spur, large star rowel of seven points ; Henry IV (?) ; 8 in. long. London Wall. 70 Spur, small rowel, long slender neck, curved slender shank, crest exaggerated ; Henry IV ; 6 in. long. 71 Spur, small star rowel, long neck inclined downwards, slender shank, slightly curved ; Henry IV ; 7 in. 1. Moorfields, 1865. 72 Spur, six-pointed star rowel, long stout neck, oval in section, curved shank ; Henry IV ; 7 T V in. long. Dowgate Hill, 1869. 73 Spur, six-pointed star rowel, long thin neck, of rectangular section, curved shank, with exaggerated crest, the whole orna- mented with diagonal grooves ; Henry IV ; 7 in. 74 Spur, eight-pointed rowel, short neck with curved shanks ; Henry IV ; 5| in. long. London. 75 Spur, star rowel of eight points, long four-sided neck, flat curved shank, with well denned scalloped-edged crest; Henry IV V; 6 T 7 e in. long. Brooks' Wharf. 76 Spur ; imperfect ; Henry IV V. Moorfields, 1865. 77 Spur, small star rowel, long slender neck, slender slightly curved shank ; Henry IV V ; 7 in. long. 78 Spur, disc rowel of twenty (?) points, ornamented short neck, shank curved and decorated ; Henry IV VI ; 6^ in. long. MEDIAEVAL SPURS. 269 79 Spur, eight-pointed rowel, short neck, curved shanks ; Henry IV VI ; 5| in. long. London. 80 Spur, small eight-pointed star rowel, long slender neck, very slender shank of diamond section, with well denned crest and ornamented on sides ; double perforation with two " fleur-de-lis " strap plates; Henry IV VI ; 5^ in. long. PI. LXXXII, 10. London. 81 Spur, star rowel, long neck, strongly curved shank, with well defined crest ; Henrv IV VI ; 7rs in. long. Brooks' Wharf, 1868. 82 Spur, six-pointed star rowel of small size, long straight neck, slightly curved shank ; Henry IV VI ; 6g in. long. 83 Spur, brass, star rowel, short neck, slender shank with elbows (probably a lady's spur) ; Henry IV VI ; 4| in. long. Dowgate Hill, 1869. 84 Spur, somewhat similar ; Henry IV VI ; 7| in. long. 85 Spur, somewhat similar ; Henry V ; 5 in. long. 86 Spur, somewhat similar, but with neck curved downwards ; Henry V ; 8| in. long. 87 Spur ; Henry V VI ; 6 in. long. Dowgate Hill. 88 Spur, long slender neck, curving downwards, curved shank, with well defined ridge and crest ; Henry V VI ; 7^ in. long. Old Swan Lane, 1867. -90 Spurs (two); Henry V VI; 7-H i- and 8 in. long. Thames, Old Swan Lane, 18'67. 91 Spur, eight-pointed rowel, neck long and flat in section, shank strongly curved, with well defined crest ; Henry V VI ; 6 in. long. PI. LXXXII, 12. 92 Spur, star rowel, long slightly-curved neck, strongly curved shank ; Henry V VI ; 6 in. long. Dowgate, 1869. 93 Spur, eight-pointed star rowel, lonnr slender neck, curved slightly upwards, strong curved shank, with exaggerated crest ; Henry V VI; 7tV in. long. 94 Spur, twelve-pointed star rowel, long and slender neck, strongly curved shank ; Henry V VI ; 8f| in. long. Sun Street. 95 Spur, eight-pointed star rowel, long neck, strongly curved shank ; Henry V VI ; 7y in. long. Near Guy's Hospital. 96 Spur, similar; Henry V VI. ; 6 in. long. London. 97 Spur, small star rowel, long neck, with engraved fillet, flat curved shanks, decorated ; Henry V VI ; 6^ in. long. London. 98 Spur, foliated rowel of three points, long neck, strongly curved shank ; Henry VI ; 7| in. long. 99 Spur, five-pointed rowel, long and slender neck, strongly curved shank, with well defined crest and ridges; Henry VI : 7& in. long. PI. LXXXII. 11. Windmill Street, 1868 270 MEDIEVAL SPURS. 100-101 Spurs (two), Henry VI; 8 and 8$ in. long. 102 Spur, eight-pointed rowel, long neck, curved upwards, slender shank; Henry VI (?);>9 in. long. PI. LXXXII, 9. Windmill Street. 103 Spur, six-pointed rowel, long stout stem, shank strongly curved ; Henry VI ; UTS in. long. Queen Victoria Street. 104 Spur, star rowel of large size, long slender neck, strongly curved shank, well defined crest; Henry VI; 9^ in. long. Clerkenwell, 1864. 105 Spur, foliated rowel of six points, long slender neck, strongly curved shank ; Henry VI ; 9 in. long. Clerkenwell, 1864. 106 Spur, star rowel of six points, very long neck, hexagonal in section, slightly curved upwards, shank strongly curved, with well defined ridge and exaggerated crest, and ornamented with incised lines, double perforation, large rectangular buckle and three strap plates attached, with portions of straps remaining ; Henry VI Edward IV ; 10| in. 1. PL LXXXII, 8. 107 Spur, iron, star rowel of six points, long neck, 10^ in. ; shank strongly curved, with well defined crest, two incised lines at junction with shank, double perforations ; Henry VI Edward IV ; 13i in. Carmelite Street, Whitefriars, 1902. 108 Spur, small rowel, short straight neck, with exaggerated rowel boxes, slender slightly curved shank, decorated with incised lines ; Henry VI VII ; 6 ^ in. long. PI. LXXXII, 13. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 109 Spur, rose rowel of eight broad points, neck long and curved slightly downwards, shank strongly curved, well defined crest ; Henry VI VIII ; 6ff in. long. Brooks' Wharf. 110 Spur, eight-pointed star rowel, long slender neck, curving downwards, Mat and slender shank slightly curved, decorated with incised pattern ; Henry VI VIII ; 8^ in. long. 111 Spur, similar, but with large star rowel of twelve points ; Edward IV ; 7f in. long. 112 Spur, large star rowel, slightly curved shanks ; Edward IV ; 3 in. diam. London. 113 Spur, large eight-pointed rowel, long stout neck curved slightly upwards, slightly curved slender shank ; Edward IV Henry VII; 9{i in. long. 114 Spur, disc rowel of twenty-six points, long neck inclined upwards, flat shank curved under ankle, ornamented with incised lines ; Henry VII ; 7 in. long. Moorfields, 1865. 115 Spur, small rowel, long neck slightly curved downwards, Hat shank having straight front and curved arms, ornamented ; Henry VII ; 6| in. long. Moorfields, 1865. 116 Spur, short neck curving downwards, slightly curved shank ; 6| in. long. Drapers' Hall, 1868. MEDIEVAL SPURS. 271 EARLY TUDOR. 117 Spur, solid star rowel, long curved neck, broad shanks, milled at edge and ornamented with incised lines ; Henry VII VIII ; 7 in. long. London. 118 Spur, star rowel, short neck with projecting bosses, broad flat shank tapering at sides, which are strongly curved ; Henry VII VIII ; 5 in. long. London. 119 Spur, star rowel, long slender curved neck, flat shank ; Henry VII VIII; 6jji in. long. Moor fields, 1865. 120 Spur, solid disc rowel, long neck elevated and gently curved, broad thin straight shank, curving acutely near perforation, decorated with incised lines ; Henry VII VIII ; 6| in. long. Long Alley, 1886. 121 Spur, star rowel, short neck, shank acutely curved ; Henry VII VIII ; 6 in. long. , 4 in. wide at base. London Wall. 122 Spur, long neck, the shank squared at junction with neck ; the squared portion is ornamented with incised lines, and has a dentated border; Henry VII VIII; imperfect; 6f in. 1. London Wall. 123 Spur, rowel of six points, short neck, curved shank ; Henry VII VIII ; 5 in. long. London Wall. 124 Spur, foliated rowel, long slender neck curved downwards, curved shank decorated with incised lines, top edge milled ; Henry VII VIII ; 7^ in. long. Moor fields, 1865. 125 Spur, star rowel, short neck curved downwards, acutely curved shank, ornamented ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 5| in. long. Brooks' Wharf, 1866. 126 Spur, star rowel, short neck curving downwards, curved ornamented shank ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 6 in. long. 127 Spur, similar ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 5| in. long. PI. LXXXII, 17. Brooks' Wharf, 1865. 128 Spur, fofiated rowel, with eight broad bifurcated points, short curved neck inclined upwards, curved decorated shank ; Henry VII Edward VI; 5^ in. long. PI. LXXXII, 15. Brooks' Wharf. 129 Spur, star-shaped rowel, short slender ornamented neck, in- clining downwards, shunk almost straight, exaggerated crest ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 6^ in. long. Aldersgate Street. 130 Spur, small rowel, short neck curving downwards, flat shank abruptly curved ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 5-^ in. long. Alders- gate Street. 131 Spur, small star rowel, short curved neck, acutely curved shank ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 5j| in. long. West Smithfield, 1867. 132 Spur, brass, star rowel of five points, short curved neck, curved shank, ornamented ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 6 T \, in. long. Gun Wharf. 133 Spur, brass, star rowel, short neck curving downwards, acutely curved shank, exaggerated crest ; Henry VII Edward VI ; 5 rs in- long. Gun Wharf. 272 MEDIAEVAL SPURS. 134-135 Spurs, pageant (a pair), brass, rowels composed of brass discs with fourteen points having scalloped-edged discs of brass on either side, the neck is in form of a peacock, curved upwards, and attached to shanks by rivets and guard chains. The. shanks are thin flat plates of brass, ornamented with small embossed rosettes riveted on. The strap studs and buckles are also riveted to shank and ornamented ; Henry VIII ; 6j^ in. long. 136 Spur, large star rowel of twelve points, short stout straight neck, with incised ornament, and circular base, shank stout and curved, with incised ornament and small boss on each arm ; Henry VIII ; 7^ in. long. 137 Spur, large rowel, stout neck inclining upwards, straight shank ; Henry VIII ; 7f| in. long. Southward Street, 1866. 138 Spur, somewhat similar ; Henry VIII ; 7| in. long. Bread Street, 1866. 139 Spur, large rowel ; neck for if in. from shank is straight and square sectioned, it then curves upwards towards the rowel ; shank straight and slender, with large loop above junction of neck with shank ; imperfect ; Henry VIII. 140 Spur, star rowel, short neck inclined upwards, jointed shank with rudimentary crest, two strap plates, buckle and sole strap com- plete ; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 6 to in. long. 141 Spur, plated, small star rowel, short eight-sided neck inclining downwards, slightly curved shank, ornamented ; Henry VIII Edward VI; 6-^ in. long. Worship Street, 1870. 142 Spur, foliated rowel, short straight neck, slender shank orna- mented and slightly curved ; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 6 TS in- long. Fleet River, 1864. 143 Spur, small star rowel, short neck curving downward, slightly curved shank, ornamented ; Heni-y VIII Edward VI ; 5| in. long. Worship Street, 1870. 144 Spur, small star rowel, short straight neck, straight shank slender and ornamented, with side and end loops and perfora- tions ; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 5| in. long. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 145 Spur, star rowel, short neck, slightly curved, straight slender shank, one end terminating in a loop formed by curving round a portion of the arm ; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 6 in. long. West Smithfield. 146 Spur, small star rowel, short slightly curved neck, straight slender shank, ornamented with incised lines, one end looped as in previous example ; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 6^ in. long. West Smithfield. 147 Spur, star rowel, short neck, straight slender shank; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 5-^ in. long. Windmill Street. 148 Spur, star rowel, short slightly curved neck, square collar at junction with shank ; imperfect ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 3^ in long. London. MEDIAEVAL SPURS. 275 149 Spur, brass, foliated rowel, short neck inclining downwards, slender straight shank, ornamented buckle, plates and straps complete ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 5 in. long. 150 Spur, foliated rowel, short neck, straight slender shank, strap and plates complete ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 5 in. long. Windmill Street. 151 Spur, small star rowel, short straight neck, ornamented straight shank ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 5 in. long. Temple , 1868. 152 Spur, small star rowel, short neck inclining downwards, very slender straight shank ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 5 in. long. Gun Wharf, 1869. 153 Spur, brass, small star rowel, short neck, slender shank with pierced decoration; Henry VIII Elizabeth; 5^ in. long. PI. LXXXII, 14. Holborn Hill, 1850. 154 Spur, small star rowel, short neck curving downwards, slender straight shank, ornamented ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 5 in. long. Gun Wharf. 155 Spur, star rowel, short curved neck, straight shank orna- mented with incised decoration, double rectangular perfora- tions, with buckle and three strap-plates attached ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 6^j in. long. Dowgate. 156 Spur, brass, short neck ornamented, shank straight and slender, ornamented perforated ends ; Henry VIII Elizabeth ; 4 in. long. 157 Spur, star rowel, short curved ornamented neck, slender curved shank, also decorated; Henry VIII Elizabeth; 5| in. long. PI. LXXXII. 16. Banlcside, Southwark, 1869. 158 Spur, foliated rowel, short curved neck, shank slender and gently curved, ornamented ; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 5 in. long. Wap- ping, 1871. 159 Spur, brass, short curved neck, ornamented shank ; Henry VIII Edward VI ; 5 in. long. London. 160 Spur, brass, star rowel, short neck, trilateral shanks, which are strongly curved and terminate in a single perforation, straps and buckle still in position ; 4^ in. long ; Henry VIII Edward VI. London. LATER TUDOR. 161 Spur, disc rowel, short curved neck, ornamented shank ; Edward VI ; 5^ in. long. London. 162 Spur, brass, foliated rowel, short curved neck, slightly curved ornamented shank ; Edward VI ; 5H in. long. Gun Wharf, 1869. 163 Spur; Edward VI Elizabeth; 4 in. long. London. 164 Spur, brass, ornamented disc rowel, small neck, and slender shank ; Edward VI Elizabeth ; 4J in. long. London. 165 Spur, brass, ends ornamented ; Edward VI Elizabeth ; 4 in. long. London. 166 Spur, brass, ornamented curved neck, curved shank ; Edward VI Elizabeth : 4| in. long. London. 19 274 MEDIEVAL SPURS. 167 Spur, brass, shank decorated with pierced work in form of hearts ; Elizabeth ; 4 in. long. London. 168 Spur, iron, star rowel, short curved neck, flat slender shanks ; Elizabeth ; 4f in. long. London. 169 Spur, iron, ornamented short neck, flat straight shank ; Eliza- beth ; 5 in. long. 170 Spur, iron, small star rowel, small curved neck, slender straight shanks ; 4^ in. long. London. 171-172 Spurs (two), similar ; 3 in. and 4^ in. 1. London. 173 Spur, iron, star-shaped rowel of seven points, long neck, project- ing at right angles, curved shanks, buckle and stud-plate in posi- tion ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 174 Spur, brass, sharply elbowed neck, slightly curved shanks, shows traces of gilding ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. long. London. 175-176 Spurs (two), brass ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. and 5^ in. long. London. 177 Spur, iron, sharply curved shank, star rowel of six points, strap plates in position ; late XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 178 Spur, brass gilt, small steel rowel, short neck inclining downwards, richly-engraved straight shank ; Elizabeth Charles I ; 4^ in. 1. Tower Bridge, 1890. XVII XVIII CENTURIES. 179 Spur, brass, large rowel of five points, five rudimentary pro- jections between, strongly curved neck, slender, slightly curved shank ; James I Charles I ; 5f in. long. 180 Spur, brass (rowel missing), shank ornamented with incised floral design ; Charles I ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 181 Spur, iron, large foliated rowel, strongly curved neck, slightly curved shank ; James I Charles II ; 5 & in. long. Tower Royal. 182 Spur, brass, star rowel, acutely curved neck with well defined ridge, shank curved and ridged ; James I Charles II ; 5^ in. long. Trinity Lane, 1866. 183 Spur, brass, star rowel, acutely curved neck, slightly curved shank ; James I Charles II ; 5 in. long. 184 Spur, brass, large star rowel, short neck curving downwards, ornamented, shank curved and ridged ; James I Charles II ; 5 ^a in. long. Long Alley, 1866. 185 Spur, brass, somewhat similar; James I Charles II ; 4 it in. long. Toioer Royal. 186 Spur, brass, foliated rowel, ornamented neck inclining up- wards and curving downwards at an acute angle, shank slightly curved, ornamented ; James I Charles II ; 4J in. long. Moor- fields, 1865. 187 Spur, ornamented rowel, short neck curving at a sharp angle, shank slightly curved, with well defined ridge ; James I Charles II ; 4^ in. long. Wapping, 1871. MEDIAEVAL SPUES. 275 188 Spur, similar; James I Charles II; 5 in. long. Bankside, South- wark, 1869. 189 Spur, brass, large decorated rowel, neck acutely curved, shank ornamented with chased diaper pattern ; James I Charles II ; 6 in. long. PI. LXXXII, 18. 190 Spur, iron, rowel of five broad lancet-shaped points, ornamented neck curving at a sharp angle, slightly curved slender shank ; James I Charles II ; 5^ in. long. 191 Spur, brass, large star rowel, neck curving at a sharp angle, shank slightly curved, ornamented ; James I Charles II ; 6^ in. long. Cannon Street. 192 Spur, brass, richly foliated rowel, short straight neck, decorated slender shank, with exaggerated ornamented crest ; James I Charles II ; 5| in. long. PI. LXXXII, 19. 193 Spur, small star rowel, short neck curving downwards, slender curved shank, with strong ridge ; 4^ in. long. 194 Spur, small star rowel, short neck curving downwards, slender curved shank, with strong ridge ; 5f in. long. 195 Spur, brass, small star rowel, short straight neck, slender shank curving sharply under ankle ; 4 in. long. Old Bailey, 1872. 196 Spur, brass, neck elbowed, slightly curved shank ; James I Charles II ; 4 in. long. Nelson's Wharf, Lambeth, 1892. 197 Spur, brass, star rowel, elbowed neck, slightly curved shank ; James I Charles II ; 4j| in. long. 198 Spur, brass gilt, neck imperfect, bending downwards at acute angle, shanks slightly curved ; James I Charles II ; 4 in. 1. Tower Bridge, 1890. 199 Spur, brass, six-pointed star rowel, neck short and curved, shank decorated with raised bosses and short indented lines ; XVII Cent. ; imperfect ; 4 in. 1. London. 200 Spur, brass, the strap plate terminating in a loop, with buckle attached ; imperfect ; XVII Cent. 201 Spur, iron, small rowel, short straight neck, straight slender shank, jointed at sides ; George I ; 4^ in. long. Long Lane, 1866. 202 Spur, steel, small rowel, short neck straight and square sectioned, round shank ; 5| in. long. London. 203 Spur, iron, small rowel, short straight neck, slender shank ; probably a lady's spur ; 2| in. long. 204 Spur, iron, similar, but with curved neck ; 3 in. long. 205 Spur, silver, small star rowel, neck curving downwards, straight shank ; 3 y^ in. long. 206-207 Spurs (two), iron, short curved neck, straight shank ; 3 t % in. long. Leadenhall Street, 1875. 208 Spur, star rowel, short ornamented neck, straight ornamented shank ; 5 in. long. 209-217 Nine fragments of spurs, buckles, etc. 218 Strap, leather (for a spur), with iron hook at either end ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 219 Rowels, of various periods. 19* 276 MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XVII. WEAPONS, ARMOUR, ETC. 1 Anelace, with pommel, guard and grip formed of one piece of boxwood, capped and based with iron ; the double-edged blade thins from the centre to each edge ; XIV Cent. ; 23 in. 1. PL LXXXVII, 8. Brooks' Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxxii, p. 251. 2 Anelace blade, 2 in. w. at the hilt, with a broad channel ex- tending from the top almost to the point, the upper portion has a device which has been inlaid with gold ; Italian ; XV XVI Cent. Thames Embankment. J.B.A.A., xxxii, p. 251; xxxi, p. 283. 3 Arrow, incendiary, with long stout stem, of cylindrical form, hammered out flat below the blade, which is barbed ; XIV Cent. ; 12 in. 1. Holborn. The inflammable material was attached to the flattened portion of the stem, and, when ignited, was discharged from the bow for the purpose of setting fire to buildings. 4-7 Arrows (four), incendiary, iron, similar to the above; XV Cent. ;. 6 to 6| in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 22, 23. Brooks' Wharf. 8 Arrow-head, with socket and barbed three-sided head ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 18. 9 Arrow-head, with socket and small three-sided head ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 10 Arrow-head, with socket and three-sided point ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 19. 11-12 Arrow-heads (two), of similar form ; XIII XIV Cent. 13 Arrow-head with socket, tapering to a small three-sided point ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Thames. 14 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and leaf-shaped blade ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Tokenhouse Yard. 15 Arrow-head, iron, with tapering socket and triangular barbed head, the barbs curve reverse ways ; broken ; XIII XIV Cent. Thames, Old Swan Lane. 16 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and square point ; XIV Cent. ; 3 in. Thames ('!). 17-18 Arrow-heads (two), with socket and barbed blade ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2^ and 3 in. Brooks' Wliarf. 19 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and barbed head, the barbs are slightly incurved; XIV XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 21. Dowgate. MEDIAEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 277 20 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and forked blade; XV Cent.; 3g in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 25. Farringdon Street. 21 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and forked blade ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 26. 22 AiTOw-head, iron, of similar form, but somewhat smaller ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. PL LXXXIX, 27. Thames. 23 Arrow-head, iron, of similar form, but with forks more incurved ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 28. 24 Arrow-head, with hollow socket extending nearly to the point of the blade, which has long slender barbs ; XV Cent. ; 1| in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 20. Thames, Old Swan Lane. 25-26 Arrow-heads (two), of similar form ; XV Cent. ; If in. 1. Thames, Old Swan Lane. 27 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and barbed blade ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. PI. LXXXIX, 29. Thames. 28-39 Arrow-heads (twelve), iron, of simple form, the barbs shown merely by indented lines near edge of blade ; XV Cent. ; 1 to 2 in. 1. Thames. 40-41 Arrow-heads (two), with sockets and barbed blades ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Thames. 42 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and three-sided head ; XV Cent. ; If in. 1. Thames, Old Swan Lane. 43 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and lanceolate blade ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. 1. Three Cranes Wharf. 44-45 Arrow-heads (two), iron, with socket and leaf -shaped blade ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. Thames. 46 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and barbed leaf-shaped blade ; XV Cent. ; 3f in. 1. 47 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and three-sided barbed blade ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. Thames, Old Swan Lane. 48 Arrow-head, iron, with socket and broad barbed head ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Dowgate. 49 Arrow-head, with socket, and barbed blade with prominent mid* rib ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3| in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 50 Arrow-head, with socket and barbed blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 2i in. 1. PI. LXXXIX, 24. Three Cranes Wharf. 51 Pheon, or broad arrow, iron, with two long expanding barbs ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1., 3 in. w. at base, | in. w. at socket. Chiswell Street. 52 Battle-axe, head only, iron, socket with oval shaft hole and expand- ing blade, the edge is reinforced; 7f in. w., 9^ in. w. across edge. Thames, Carron's Wharf, 1871. 53 Bill, of iron, head only, with short open socket, the blade ia extremely long, and curved at the end ; at the back of the blade, in centre, is a horned projection ; XV Cent. ; 22 in. 1. 278 MEDIEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 54 Buckler, bronze, circular, portion only, composed of thin concentric bands, set with a number of small round-headed rivets of iron ; these bands are encircled by an iron band composed of two flat plates riveted together^ the central portion is missing ; XV Cent. ; 9 in. diam. Note. A similar object, perfect, covered with leather, 13 in. diam., was found on the battlefield of Shrewsbury. 55 Caltrop, or four-pronged instrument, of iron, so formed that in whatever position it was thrown down, one sharp point would project upwards ; 1 in. h. Note. These barbarous instruments were thrown on the ground in front of a body of soldiers to lame the horses of any cavalry which might attack them. 56 Cannon, iron, consisting of a long, tubular barrel with strong ribs at intervals ; XV XVI Cent. ; 43 x 4 in. 57 Cannon, from H.M.S. "Lutine," totally lost on the coast of Holland, 9th October, 1799. The wreck was embedded in sand in nine fathoms of water, and this gun was salved in 1886, after having lain nearly 100 years below the sea. The gun is mounted on a modern carriage ; 6 ft. 6 in. 1., 12 in. d. muzzle, 15 in. d. base. 58 Cannon ball, iron ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. diam. Thames, London Bridge. 59-60 Cannon-balls (two), iron ; 3 in. and 3| in. diam. Surrey foot of Tower Bridge. 61-69 Cannon balls (nine), stone ; probably XVI Cent. ; ranging in size from 8 to 4 in. diam. London. 70 Chain mail, portion of collar, composed of iron links, with remains of an edging of brass links; XIII Cent. (?) ; 21 in. 1. PL LXXXVII, 10. Red Cross Street. 71 Chain armour, portion, composed of links of steel, with single rivet; XIII XIV Cent. ; 11 X 6 in. Minories, 1868. 72 Chain armour, portion, composed of flattened links of steel in. diam. secured by single rivets ; XIV XV Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Dow- gate Hill. 73 Chain mail, similar, but links more closely woven ; XIV XV Cent.' Thames, Blackfriars. 74 Chain mail, another portion, similar. Worship Street. 75 Chain mail, fragment, composed of oval links closely woven ; XV Cent. ; 3 X If in. Hill Street, 1867. 76-77 Chain mail, two fragments ; and an oblong strip ; 7^ in. 1. London, and London Wall. 78 Chain-mail shirt, large circular links, concreted into a solid mass ; probably XIII Cent.; 9 in. w., 5^ in. h. London. 79 Collar of chain mail, with " vandyked " edge ; XV Cent. ; 18 X 4 in. Finsbury. 80 Hand balista, steel, a secret weapon for throwing poisoned needles ; it consists of a powerful spring, the bow serving as a grip ; the top edge of the front is received into a notch in the under side of a short bar moving on a hinge, and having a trigger or thumb- piece at the back; German; XVI Cent. ; 3^ x 2 in. J.B.A.A. , xxxii. 525-6. MEDIEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 279 81-83 Cross-bow bolts (three), viratons, with square iron heads, the sockets of which are formed of thin plates of metal beaten round the shaft so that the edges overlap ; the shafts are provided with two thin wooden wings, to give a rotary motion to the bolt ; circa 1500; 15 to 16 in. 1. 84-85 Cross-bow ratchets (two), bone; l g in. diam. London. 86 Dagger, iron, the pommel consisting of an iron disc, with quatre- foil brass rivet above ; the guard is iron, semi-circular in front and bent downwards at back, the blade is sharply pointed and tapers gradually from above ; XIV Cent. ; 13| in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxxiii, p. 231. 87 Dagger, or poniard, with pommel and guard of brass, the quillons curve slightly towards the blade, and each end is convex and boldly wrought with a cross patee ; from the centre of the guard projects a hook of peculiar form, decorated with incised lines ; the iron blade is slightly concave on each side, sharp along one edge, and the thick back is flat for some short distance from the guard, then ridged, then flat again, and then ridged to the point ; XIV Cent. ; 15| in. 1. PI. LXXXVII, 4. Three Cranes Wharf, 1864. 88 Dagger, with circular iron guard, the handle consisting of two pieces of wood riveted together through the handle plate, to the sides of which are attached thin strips of iron ; the blade is thick backed XIV Cent.; 19 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf (?). 89 Dagger, pommel and guard of iron, convex above and below ; the grip is of bone and attached to the tang by brass tubes, the sides of the tang are covered by strips of brass ; the blade is tapering and flat-backed ; XIV Cent. ; 15| in. 1. PI. LXXXVII, 5. Brooks' WJiarf. 90 Dagger, with iron pommel and guard, the latter being slightly convex above and below ; the grip is composed of two stout pieces of bone, fixed to the tang by three brass tubes ; the blade is flat sided and both edges are bevelled in opposite directions ; XIV Cent. ; 15| in. 1. Clerkenwell. J.B.A.A., xxxiii, p. 271. 91 Dagger, the guard is of iron, and the six-sided quillons curve gently towards the blade, the latter is thick in the centre and thins out on each side to the edge ; XIV Cent. ; llf in. 1. Thames. Wandsworth. 92 Dagger, the grip and guard consisting of one piece of wood, the former terminating in a quatrefoil rivet ; the quillons are ball shaped and fixed to a thin plate ; the blade has a thick ridged back ; XIV Cent. ; 15 in. 1. PI. C, 7. Brooks' Wharf. 93 Dagger, with diamond-sectioned blade, tang for handle, and remains of circular guard ; imperfect ; circa XIV Cent. ; 9f in. 1. Thames, London. 94 Dagger-blade, with thick rounded back ; XIV Cent. ; 15$ in. 1. London. 95 Dagger-blade, of narrow form, with thick ridged back ; XIV Cent. ; 9| in. 1. Old Swan Lane, 1867. 96 Dagger-blade, thick backed ; XIV Cent. ; 9 in 1. 280 MEDIAEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 97 Dagger-handle, wood, of flat-backed dagger or knife, the pom- mel is somewhat rounded, the guard is short and nearly semi-cir- cular, the hollow portion of the latter has a brass plate, fastened by two rivets and pierced' to receive the blade ; XIV Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Liverpool Street. 98 Dagger, thick -backed, with remains of flat pommel, inlaid with groups of seven circular discs ; XIV XV Cent. ; 11 in. 1. London Wall. 99 Dagger, the pommel and guard formed of narrow strips of iron turned over at the extremities, the pommel curving upwards from the hilt, the guard downwards towards the blade, which is double edged, and tapering towards the point ; XIV XV Cent. ; 12 in. 1. PI. LXXXVII, 1. Queen Victoria Street, 1872. 100 Dagger, in sheath, the tang or handle plate is perforated for nine rivets, four of which remain, and one remains in the flat loop forming the pommel ; the blade is double edged and tapering, and is channelled below the guard for a short distance ; the sheath is of " cuir bouilli " ornamented with a diaper pattern of small fleurs- de-lis ; XIV XV Cent. ; dagger 13 in. 1., sheath 9 in. 1. 101 Dagger, with flat-backed blade and wooden handle ; XIV XV Cent. ; 13^ in. 1. Kennard's Wharf. 102 Dagger, similar, with hexagonal wooden grip, the blade is short with thick convex back ; XIV XV Cent. ; 9i in. 1. Old Swan Lane. 103 Dagger, with wooden grip, constricted in the centre ; the guard consists of a thin circular plate of brass, and the blade has a thick convex back ; XIV XV Cent. ; 12 in. 1. Old Swan Lane. 104 Dagger, pommel missing, but the small disc-shaped rivet plate decorated with incised lines remains ; the grip is of bone orna- mented with incised herring-bone ; the guard consists of a semi- circular iron plate which has a thick ridged back ; XIV XV Cent. ; 13 in. 1. London. 105 Dagger, similar, the grip consisting of a wooden cvlinder ; XIV XV Cent. ; 11 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 106 Dagger, iron, with pommel and guard of wood, the upper part of the pommel ornamented with silver, and the grip also decorated with the same material ; the blade is thick backed, and the point square in section ; XIV XV Cent. ; 13 in. 1. Old Swan Lane, 1867. J.B.A.A., xxxiii, p. 213. 107 Dagger, iron, pommel and guard missing, the grip is of bone riveted to the tang, and is ornamented in the centre with a bone collar with ribbed edge resembling a cog-wheel ; the blade has a thick rounded back ; XIV XV Cent. ; lOf in. 1. Old Swan Lane. J.B.A.A., xxxiii, p. 213. 108 Dagger, iron, pommel, grip and guard missing, the metal plate originally attached to the latter is still in position and retains the two rivets ; the blade has a thick rounded back ; XIV XV Cent. ; 10 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf, 18"66. J.B.A.A., xxiii, p. 199. MEDIEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 281 109 Dagger, iron, the pommel is an octagonal iron disc, the guard also being octagonal and bent down at back ; the wooden grip is ornamented with a metal band ; the blade is triangular, with three notches below the guard, and tapers to a four-sided point ; XIV XV Cent. ; 13^ in. 1. Brooks 1 Wharf, 1866. 110 Dagger, iron, with circular wooden pommel, the handle also is of wood in two pieces, riveted to the plate by four rivets, the blade is flat backed and has an armourer's mark ; XIV XV Cent. ; Ui in. 1. Temple, 1868. 111 Dagger, iron, similar to preceding ; XIV XV Cent. ; 12 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 112 Dagger, with long, slightly curved blade, having a thick back and long tang with brass mountings, pierced for seventeen brass rivets, five of which remain ; XIV XV Cent. ; 13| in. 1. London. 113 Dagger-blade, thick backed ; XIV XV Cent. ; 12 in. 1. Provi- dence Row, 1870. 114 Dagger, iron, the guard consisting of a flat iron plate, above which is a thick slice of boxwood ; the handle is formed by two pieces of wood fastened to the tang by twelve brass rivets, the sides of the tang are edged with brass ; the blade has a thick convex back and is marked with a maker's initial, apparently a B, in brass ; XV Cent. ; 12 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxxiii. p. 115. 115 Dagger, or knife, flat-backed blade, with armourer's mark, and plain wooden handle with brass mounts ; XV Cent. ; 10 in. 1. London. 116 Dagger, with globular pommel elaborately chiselled with over- lapping petal-like ornament, the quillons are spirally grooved and curve downward, and the large thumb ring is also grooved ; the blade is double-edged and tapering; XV Cent.; 25^ in. 1. 117 Dagger, or stiletto, the quillons are composed of a thin strip of iron curving towards the blade and terminating in volutes ; the blade is imperfect ; XV Cent. ; 9| in. 1. Wapping. J.B.A.A., xxxii, p. 261. 118 Dagger, with triangular blade and straight quillons ; imperfect ; XV Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 119 Dagger, the pommel consists of a flattened sphere, the blade is narrow and tapering ; XV Cent. ; 16^ in. 1. Thames Street. 120 Dagger, iron, the grip is cased in stamped leather, the cross guard is of iron, the quillons widening vertically from the centre to the end, the blade is slightly concave at the sides, and has a thick flat back ; the mark of the maker, a fleur-de-lis, is stamped on the blade ; XV Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxxiii. p. 125. 121 Dagger-blade, of narrow form, with channel on each face of blade ; XV Cent. ; 14i in. 1. Said to have been found in the blade bone of a skeleton in an old building in Hart Street, Mark Lane, termed, in old leases, Whittington's Palace. 122 Dagger-blade, diamond section, flattened or grooved at base ; XV Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Queenhithe, 1866. 282 MEDIAEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 123 Dagger-sheath chape, of brass, plain, rough workmanship ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Southwark. 124 Dagger, iron, circular , iron pommel, the guard is heptagonal in front with bevelled milled edges, and semi-circular and turned down at back, the blade is ridged and tapers gradually towards the point ; armourer's mark, R, below hilt ; XV XVI Cent. ; 14 in. 1. PI. LXXXVII, 3. Brooks' Wharf. 125 Dagger, with bulbous iron pommel, surmounted by a knob, ring guard of iron, quillons terminating in ovate ornaments, one curving upward, the other downward, the blade is double edged and tapering ; XV XVI Cent. ; 19 in. 1. PI. C. 2. Steelyard, 1864. 126 Dagger, no pommel, quillon bifurcating at end, blade two edged, with prominent central ridge ; XV XVI Cent. ; 11 in 1. 127 Dagger, with bulbous iron pommel, surmounted by a knob, the quillons are large and curved, with a ring guard, the blade tapers to a sharp point ; XV XVI Cent. ; 16 in. 1. 128 Dagger, wooden grip, covered with brass wire, the blade is tapering and double edged ; XV XVI Cent. ; 15^ in. 1. London. 129 Dagger, bent, with flat-backed blade ; the grip is square and con- sists of a brass frame in which are set alternate plates of silver and brass ; on the two former is embossed AVK MARIA GRATIA PL, with Tudor roses at intervals ; on the two latter are engraved figures of saints in canopied niches. The ball pommel is deeply channelled into two faces ; each of these is also channelled in a cruciform manner and inlaid with silver plates similarly inscribed. The guard is missing, but the long tubular rivet remains ; circa 1500 ; 16| in. 1., blade f in. w., grip f in. w. , pommel If in. diam. 130 Dagger, bone handle and portion of blade of flat-backed dagger, the handle is grooved spirally ; c. 1500 ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 131 Dagger-blade, of long tapering form, with a curved metal fillet at handle end ; XV XVI Cent. ; 11 in. 1. Old Swan Lane. 132 Dagger-blade, of somewhat flat form, with curved quillons ; circa 1500 ; 9^ in. 1. London. 133 Dagger, flat-backed blade, with brass grip and guard (pommel missing); circa 1500; 9 in. 1. Bishopsyate. 1879. 134 Dagger-hilt, with portion of blade, the quillons terminating in convex discs ; XV XVI Cent. 135 Dagger-sheath chape, brass, the front pierced with circular and oblong perforations ; XV XVI Cent. ; 1 in. 1. London Wall. 136 Dagger, with curved pommel, the blade thins out from the centre to both edges, except for about one inch below the hilt on one side, where it is flat ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Corbet Court. 137 Dagger, with pommel of pewter, ornamented on each side by five pear-shaped drops divided by a thin ridge ; the double ring guard projecting on either side of the base of the hilt is decorated with a cable pattern and is also of pewter ; the edges of the blade are flat and it terminates in a rounded point ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Liverpool Street. J.B.A.A., xxxii, p. 261. 138 Dagger, with fluted iron pommel, surmounted by a knob, the quillons curve over the blade, and the latter is tapering towards the point ; XVI Cent. ; 24| in. 1. MEDIAEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 283 139 Dagger, iron, with pommel and guard, quillons terminating in a ball engraved with a cross, the grip is of ivory of flattened hexa- gonal form, expanding towards the pommel, the blade is imperfect ; XVI Cent. (?); 10| in. 1. London Wall. 140 Dagger, with grip and pommel, and quillons curved in opposite directions ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 141 Dagger, with ridged blade and white metal guard and pommel ; XVI Cent. ; 124 in- 1- London. 142 Dagger, with iron cup-shaped hilt, plain quillons, and double-edged tapering blade, portion of wooden grip remaining ; XVI Cent. ; 18 in. 1. 143 Dagger-blade, double edged, with tang ; XVI Cent. ; 16^ in. 1. Moor fields. 144 Dagger-handle, butt only, brass, in form of a flower ; XVI Cent. ; 1| in. diam. London Wall. 145 Dagger, short, with plain guard and flat wooden handle ; a portion of the leather sheath remains upon the blade ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Thames Embankment. 146 Dagger, with bone handle, remains of brass guard ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Swan Wharf, 1869. 147 Dagger, with open-work iron guard and double-edged tapering blade ; XVII Cent. ; 15^ in. 1. 148 Dagger, thick back, bearing as m. m. a rose surmounted by a crown ; each face of the blade is engraved with various designs, on one is inscribed ANDREW BUDSBY, in two lines, on the other AXXO D. 1688, also in two lines, over this, is E. G. BIRD OFFICER o Y e SHERIFF OF MiDDX. , probably a later addition, as also is the handle ; blade 12 in. 1., 18 in. total 1. PI. LXXXVII, 7. 149 Dagger-blade, thin and flat, with remains of flat straight quillons; XVII (?) Cent. ; 11 in. 1. London. 150 Dagger-guard, brass, ornamented with a shell ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 151 Fencing foil-guard, pierced brass; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. 1., 3 in. broad. 152 Gun ; spring gun, wooden stock, iron barrel ; 19 in. 1. Found in a cellar in Tower Street. 153-158 Gun flints (six), calcined during the fire at the Tower of London, 1841. 159-163 Gun flints (five), modern. Brandon. 164 Halberd-head, iron, crescent blade ; XVI Cent. ; 12| in. 1. Wor- ship Street. 165 Hammer, for warfare, or martel de fer, the ends are dentated ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. PL LXXXVII, 9. 166 Javelin-head, with slender stem and broad lo/enge-shaped blade : XII XIII Cent. ; 7i in. 1. Queenhithe. 167 Javelin-head, iron, with tubular socket ; circa XIII Cent. ; 3 in. 1.. | in. w. at blade. London Wall. 168 Javelin-head, iron ; XIV XV Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Ropemaker Street. 169 Javelin-head, iron, short socket, a tapering square point; XIV XV Cent. ; 5* in. 1. Thames. London. 284 MEDIAEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 170 Javelin-head, of iron, with socket containing the rivet, the point is short and four-sided ; 6| in. 1. Wood Street. 171 Javelin-head, with square stem and pointed oval head ; 3^ in. 1. 172-177 Javelin-heads (six), iron, with lanceolate blades and slender tangs ; 5^ to 8 in. Blackfriars, 1870. 178 Lance-head, with socket and stout three-sided blade ; XIV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 179 Lance-head, iron, with hollow socket, and heart-shaped blade ; XIV XV Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. Smithfield. 180 Lance-head, with large socket, and narrow ridged blade ; imperfect ; XIV XV Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Barge Yard, 1879. 181 Lance-head, with short square head, and two long narrow bands for attachment to the shaft, one rivet still remains ; XV Cent. ; 10 in. 1. Worship Street. 182 Lance or javelin-head, leaf-shaped blade, with bifurcate tang for attachment to the shaft ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 183 Main gauche, with ball pommel, and large quillons and guard, inlaid with silver and gold, the inlaying being representations of male and female figures in the costume of toe period, the two silver mounts of the grip are still on the tang ; XVI Cent. ; 19^ in. 1. PL C, 3. Thames, Wandsworth. 184 Misericorde, with cylindrical wooden grip, the tang ending in a loop for attachment to a chain or cord ; the cross guard is of iron, each quillon slightly widening vertically from the centre, and ornamented with herring-bone and cable pattern ; the blade is strongly ridged on one face and tapers towards the point ; XV Cent. ; 12 in. 1. PI. LXXXVII, 2. London. 185 Misericorde, the quillons consist of a flat-sided bar with discoidal ends, the blade is boldly reeded on either face for some distance, the point is a plain quadrangular spike ;XV XVI Cent. ; 14 in. 1. St. Thomas's Hospital. J.B.A.A., xxxiii, p. 222. 186 Petronel, or toy pistol, brass ; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 187 Petronel, or toy pistol, brass, complete except for the ramrod ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 51 in. 1. PL LXXXVIII, 12. Bunhill Row, 1866. 188 Petronel, brass, decorated with incised circles ; imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. Thames, London. 189 Petronel, with shaped butt ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 190 Petronel, pewter ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Thames Shore. 191-194 Petronels (four), brass, XVII Cent. ; 3 and 4| in. 1. London. 195 Pika-head, iron, with square stem, and stout tapering double- edged blade ; the rivet still remains in the hole of the tang or stem; XVI XVII Cent.; 18 in. 1. MEDIAEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 285 196 Pike-head, iron, gilt, with tapering socket, in the centre is a flattened globular excrescence, above which is a slender spike, circular in section, roughly pointed at end ; probably a proces- sional object ; XVIII Cent. ; 9| in. 1. London. 197 Flint lock pistols (two) ; made by Nicholson. 45. Cornhill : XVIII XIX Cent. ; 6 in. 1. 198 Poniard, with depressed quillons and sword breaker ; handle missing ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 199 Poniard, with richly-chiselled steel pommel, quillons curved over towards blade, terminating in a dragon's head ornament ; the blade, which is double edged, is engraved and retains traces of gold inlay near the guard, the subject being St. Andrew with his cross saftire and St. Margaret of Antioch, with the dragon ; German ; XVI Cent. ; 14 in. 1. J.B.A.A., xxxiii, p. 272. 200 Rapier, with wooden grip and long narrow blade ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 38 in. 1. Moor fields. 201 Rapier-blade ; XVII Cent. ; 34 in. 1. 202 Rapier blade ; XVIII Cent. ; 29| in. 1. Duke Street, Oxford Street. 203 Shield, jousting, model, with concave sides and curved ends, the upper part of the dexter side is pierced with an aperture for the lance ; the face of the shield is engraved with the cross of St. George ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. PI. LXXXVII, 14. Steelyard. J.B.A.A., xxx, p. 87. 204 Spear-head, iron, with tubular socket and narrow leaf -shaped blade ; XIV Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Thames Street. 205 Spear-head, iron, with octagonal socket, and stout, narrow ridged blade ; XIV Cent. ; 16| in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 206 Spear-head, iron, with tubular socket and narrow leaf-shaped blade ; XIV Cent. ; 15^ in. 1. Embankment, near the Temple. 207 Spear-head, iron, with tubular socket and narrow tapering blade ; XIV Cent. ( ? ) ; 10 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 208 Spear-head, iron, with narrow leaf-shaped blade; XIV Cent. (?) ; 10 in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. 209 Spear-head, iron, with open socket, and leaf-shaped blade, grooved on either face, on one side of the centre ; uncertain period ; 8 in. 1. Blackfriars. 210 Spear-head, iron, with socket, and narrow slightly-ridged blade ; XIV XV Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 211 Spear-head, similar; imperfect. Brooks' Wharf. 212 Spear-head, iron, with wide socket, and narrow blade of lozenge- shaped section ; XIV XV Cent. ; 12 in. Bankside. 213 Spear-head, of iron, with octagonal socket and slender leaf-shaped blade, of lozenge section ; XIV XV Cent. ; 14 in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 214 Spear-head, the socket is short, with straps at the sides, perforated for four rivets, the leaf-shaped blade springs from two wings or shoulders ; XV Cent. ; 22 in. 1. J.B.A.A., xxxii, p. 124. 286 MEDIEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 215 Spear-head, iron, with tubular socket and leaf-shaped blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8| in. 1. 216 Spear, or javelin-head^ iron, with short, broad leaf-shaped blade, and long slender tang ; probably XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 217 Spear-head, iron, with open socket and tapering blade ; 10 in. 1. Barge Yard, 1879. 218 Spear-head, iron, socketed; Tudor; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 219 Spear-head, iron, with socket extended at the sides into straps ; part of the wooden shaft remains; square point; 12 in. 1. ; XIV XV Cent. Thome*, Wandsworth. 220 Spear-head, similar, leaf-shaped point; XV Cent.; 10 in. 1. 221 Sword, short, the pommel consisting of a thick iron disc, with square knob above, the basket hilt is of perforated iron, the quillons plain, curving towards the blade, the two-edged blade is reinforced on each face by a prominent rib down the centre ; XVI Cent. ; 19i in. 1. PI. LXXXVII, 6. River Fleet, 1863. J.B.A.A., xx, p. 330. 222 Stiletto, with grip of white bone, fluted, and capped and socketed at the base with silver, which is ornamented with incised chevrons and other decoration, the blade is scooped out, just below the grip on either side, in an unusual manner; XVI (?) Cent.; 13| in. 1. J.B.A.A., xxxii, p. 118. 223 Sword, two handed, with cross hilt, and double-edged blade, grooved down centre ; the pommel is heavy and circular in form, with a projection on either face on which is a Greek Cross ; the blade has a small dagger in copper ( ? ) inlaid, probably the armourer's mark; XIII Cent. ; total length 4 ft. 2 in., blade 3 ft. 3 in. 1., hilt 10^ in. PI. LXXXVI, 3. Thames, opposite Temple Gardens, 1850. 224 Sword-hilt, iron, plain, slightly tapering towards the ends from the centre, in which is a large oblong slot to receive the blade ; XIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. 225 Sword-hilt, iron, oblong in section, slightly tapering towards ends, with slot for blade ; XIII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. 226 Sword-hilt, iron, the ends slightly expanded, with oblong slot for blade in the centre ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. 227 Sword-blade, of iron, with pronounced groove down centre of blade, the blade is flat backed ; the flattened iron pommel still remains in position ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 26 in. 1. Thames Street. 228 Sword-guard, of bone, with triangular opening for blade ; XIV Cent. ( ?) ; If in. diam. Hill Street, Finsburij. .229 Sword, or long dagger-blade, flat, obtusely pointed with tang for handle ; XV XVI Cent. ; 16 in. 1. London Wall. 230 Sword-blade, fragment, iron, of thin section; Tudor (?). London Wall. 231 Sword, steel, with curved guard, deep groove in centre of upper portion of blade ; XVI Cent. ; 4 ft. 1 in. 1. London. MEDIAEVAL WEAPONS, ETC. 287 232 Sword ; cavalry sword, on the blade is engraved a trophy of arms above a crown, under which are the initials J.R. ; XVII Cent. ; 39| in. 1. 233 Sword, with basket hilt ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 27 in, 1. 234-235 Sword-hilts (two), brass, decorated with scrolls, masks, etc.; XVII XVIII Cent. Thames, London, and City of London. 236 Sword, for a page, with brass guard and remains of wire which covered the handle ; circa 1700 ; 15 in. 1. Cheapside. 237 Sword-blade, of iron, with short tang and double edge, it is grooved on a portion of the blade, and the point is to one side as if to form a cutting weapon ; XVIII Cent. ( ?) ; 24 in. 1. 238 Sword, with sheath, of M. F. Blanquet, Commanding French Admiral (after the death of Admiral Brueys), at the Battle of the Nile, 1st August, 1798. Inscription on blade : VIVRE LIBKK ou MOURIR POUR LA NATION LA LOT & LE [ROT]. The last word is erased, the execution of King Louis XVI having but recently taken place. At the top of the blade is the word VIGILAXCIE, with figures of a Gallic cock and Bellona (?), Goddess of War; present length 32 in., point wanting. Presented in the accompanying holograph letter by Admiral Lord Nelson to the Corporation of London. PI. LXXXVI, 1, 2. 239 Sword, of sabre pattern, blade curved (broken into two pieces) ; the handle has a curved pierced guard and a knobbed pommel, the wooden casing of the grip remains in part ; XVIII Cent. ; present length of blade 2 ft. 3 in. , total length of sword in present condition 2 ft. 10 in., width of blade 1^ in. next the hilt, back of blade about ^ in. thick. This sword belonged to Alderman John Kirkman, who was elected M.P. for the City 14th September, 1780, and died on the following day. He was buried at St. Michael Bassishaw, 24th September, three months after the Gordon Riots. He received a military funeral, which was attended by the Lord Mayor and Corporation : " the concourse of people assembled on this occasion was the greatest ever known." St. Michael Bassi- shaw Church, 1899. 240 Sword, sheath, belt, silk sash, stock, and epaulettes of a Serjeant- Major of the Loyal London Volunteers ; early XIX Cent. 241 Sword, worn by King William IV when a naval officer; 36^ in. 1. Presented by Admiral Sir Erasmus Ommaney, K.C.B.. 1896. MEDLEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XVIII. TOOLS AND OTHKR METAL OBJECTS OF VARIOUS USES. 1 Anchor, iron, plain form ; probably XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 2 Anchor, iron; XVII XVIII Cent.; 4 in. 1. Barge Yard. 1870. 3 Anchor, metal-gilt, small, inscribed: "Nelson's Victory, Aug. 1. 1798."; 2 in. 1., 1 in. diam. 4 Artisan's tool, with square stem and four-sided head ; 4| in. 1. 288 MEDIAEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 5 Auger, iron, flat tang ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 6 Auger or drill, iron, with short flat tang for handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4J in. 1. Sotolph Wharf. 1 Auger or gimlet, steel, with spirally grooved shaft and short tang for handle ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Dorset Street. 8 Awl, iron, with riveted wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Gun Wharf, Wapping, 1869. 9 Awl, iron, square section, with bone handle ; Tudor ; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 10 Awl, iron, with bone handle ; XVI Cent. ; 7f in. 1. London Wall. 11 Awl. iron, with flattened wooden handle and iron ferrule; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Worship Street. 12 Awl, iron, wooden handle, iron ferrule, and iron band on centre of handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Worship Street. 13 Axe-head, iron, narrow butt, expanding blade ; maker's mark, ROBERT MOORE; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 74 in. 1., 2 in. w. at shaft hole, 5 in. at edge. London. 14 Axe, with iron handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 10 in. 1. 15 Bead, brass or bronze, hexagonal ; probably Tudor ; in. diam. Worship Street, 1870. 16 Bell ; falcon bell, small, brass ; XV Cent. ; f in. diam. 17 Bell ; falcon bell, brass, globular, with oblong slot and two incised lines below loop ; Tudor ; f in. diam. London Wall. 18 Bell; falcon bell, brass, spherical; XVI Cent.; f diam. Worship Street. 19 Bell, brass, spherical, with oblong slot, square loop above, and decorated with incised lines ; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. diam. London Wall. 20 Bell, brass, globular, pierced opening in upper portion, on both sides ; square loop above, oblong slot below ; R.W. inscribed on base ; XVII Cent. ; 1J in. diam. 21 Bell, brass, spherical ; G.W. inscribed on base, loop broken away ; XVII Cent. ; 1^ in. diam. London. 22-27 Bells (six), brass, globular; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. to 1 \$ in. diam. London Wall. 28 Bell, brass, globular form ; with oblong slot below and square, perforated loop above ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 29 Bill-hook, iron, of ordinary form, with socket open at one side nearly the whole of its length, closed at base to strengthen the handle, a portion of which remains, with the iron nail ; Tudor ; 11 in. 1., 4 m - w - a ^ top, 1| in. w. at end of socket. PI. C, 12. Tabernacle Street, 1902. 30 Boat-hook, iron, of simple form, with hollow split socket, plain hook at end, sockets terminating above in a strap, pierced for one rivet; XVI XVII Cent.; 11| in. 1. London. 31 Boat-hook, iron, with open socket and perforated tang ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 10| in. 1. London Wall. MEDIEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 289 32 Boat-hook, iron ; short, open-sided socket with oue rivet-hole, curved hook, and projecting spirally-fluted point, in a line with the shaft ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 33 Boat-hook, iron, with wood remaining in socket ; early mediaeval ; 9|- in. 1. Newgate. 34 Box-lid, copper, inscribed, " Steal me not for feare of shame for heare doath stand my master's name Stephen Fosson in Shier- burne lane near the cocke 1672"; 3| in. 1., 3 in. w. London. 35 Box, copper, with lid on which is inscribed R * S lune 1725 ; 2 in. h. 36 Bracket, wrought iron, representing foliage, painted and gilt ; the base has a projecting limb, from which a lantern was sus- pended ; XVI XVII Cent, ; 20 X 23 in. PI. LX, 2. Church of St. Stephen, Walbrook. 37 Branding-iron, tapering tubular socket, solid shaft, expanding at base, and divided into four projections, on the face of which is affixed a plate cut into the form of a Maltese cross ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. PI. LXXXIII. 5. Southward. 38 Bucket-mount, iron, with curved expanding end ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Queen Victoria Street, 1872. J.B.A.A., xxix, 305. 39 Bucket-mount, iron, with forked base ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. 40-41 Bucket-mounts (two), iron, with re-curved ends ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. and 8| in. 1. Near Mansion House, 1859. 42 Burnisher of flint, with leather grip; 4 in. 1. Tabernacle Street. 43 Cauldron, bronze, with three raised lines on body, two eared handles, and three long, projecting feet (one missing) ; XVII Cent. ; 9| in. h., 7 in. m., 7 in. b. PI. XCII, 8. Water Lane. 44 Chain, brass, curb pattern, hook at each end ; Tudor ; 12^ in. 1. London Wall. 45 Chain, brass, fragment, with small oval links, alternately plain and cabled; Tudor (?); 5^ in. 1. London Wall. 46 Chain, bronze, curb pattern, with cross bar of wire ; probably used to suspend some object from the girdle ; XV XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London Wall. 47 Chain, iron, long, oval links, with cross bar at upper end, swivel at base ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Southwark. 48 Chain, iron, similar links, with hasp to which is attached a wire loop : XVI Cent. ; 25 in. 1. Southwark. 49 Chain, thin iron wire, composed of alternate links of a single strand, looped at the ends, connected by plain rings ; probably Tudor ; 16 in. 1. Thames, Brooks' Wharf, 1866. 50 Chains, four fragments, three of brass and one of iron ; Tudor ; 34 to 16 in. Tabernacle. .Street, 1902. 51 Chest ; muniment-chest, iron, with strengthening iron straps ; on the underside of the lid is an elaborate wrought-iron lock ; the chest is also strengthened by stout hasps in the front ; XVI Cent.; 18 in. h., 18 in. w., 36 in. 1. Church of St. Vedast, Foster Lane. 20 290 MEDIAEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 52 Chisel ; narrow mortice chisel, iron, curved towards end ; Tudor ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 53 Chisel, iron, thin expanding blade, widening at the shoulder and contracting again above ; with tang for handle ; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. 1. London Wall. 54 Chisel, iron, with solid handle, of narrow form, and broad, flat, slender blade ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 55 Chisel, steel, with narrow edge, squared section towards centre of shaft, owner's mark stamped at butt end ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Found in wall of Temple Bar, during removal, 1878. 56 Chisel, iron, socketed ; Tudor. London Wall. 57-58 Clamps (two), T-shaped, with long, flat lower limb pierced for two nails ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. and 8 in. 1. London. 59 Clamp ; T -shaped clamp, iron, flattened base, perforated for two nails ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 60 Compasses, iron ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall. 61 Compasses (mason's), iron ; a broad arrow is incised upon one of the limbs; XVII Cent. (?) ; length of legs 5 in. and 5 in. respectively. St. Michael Bassishaw Church, 1899. 62 Compasses, brass, upper portion bowed into a circular form, the jaws opening the reverse way ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. 63 Cooking-pot, brass, globular body on three short, curved feet, two handles; XVI XVII Cent.; 8| in. h., 7 in. g. diam., 6 in. m. PI. XCII, 9. Site of 2, Wood Street. J.B.A.A., xxv, 166. 64 Cooking-pot or skillet, brass, with three projecting feet, and long, curved handle, ornamented with incised annulets, the junction of the handle to the body is strengthened by a curved loop, the rim has a small projecting spout; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h., 4| in. diam. PI. XCII, 1. Milton Street, Cripplegate. J.B.A.A., viii, 55. 65 Cooking-pot, brass, with lid, and curved, swinging handle ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 4 in. m., 3 in. b. London. 66 Cooking-pot, brass, deep form, with angular side handles and three short feet; XVII Cent.; 10 in. diam., 8 in. h. London. 67 Cooking-vessel, miniature, brass, on three tall feet, with two small handles ; probably XVII Cent. ; 2| in. h. , 2 in. diam. London Wall, 1869. 68 Cook's instrument ; small wheel in T-shaped handle, top edge of handle having wavy outline ; 5^ in. 1. 69 Instrument, similar, wheel missing; 5| in. 1. 70-71 Instruments (two), similar, with flat circular tops. 72 Dentist's instrument ( ? ) consisting of a long rod, with two movable arms towards one end ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Moor fields, 1866. MEDIEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 291 73-74 Dental instruments (two), consisting of a long shaft with hook at end, attached to a screw down the centre, which is controlled by a revolving nut at base ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. and 6 in. 1. 75 Dental instrument, with forked end and short wooden handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; i in. 1. 76 Die, steel, for striking the obverse of a penny of Stephen, bust to right, bearing sceptre, inscribed STIEFN K(K)X ; 3| in. 1., 1^ in. diam. PI. XCIX, 1. Little Bell Alley. 77 Die, steel, for the obverse of a shilling of James I ; mint mark, a rose ; 3| X 1| in. City of London. 78 Die, steel, for reverse of a shilling of James I ; " Quae Deus con- junxit," etc. ; mint mark, a rose ; 3| X If in. City of London. 79 Die, steel, similar, no mint mark discernible ; 2f x 1 in. City of London. 80 Dog-muzzle, brass wire, irregularly twisted into form ; at the back is a double strand of wire, with slot to attach it to a collar ; Tudor; 8^ in. 1., 3 in. w. at base, 1| in. w. at snout, 3| in. h. at back. PI. XCVI. 4. London Wall. 81 Door-plate, brass, oblong, mounted on an oaken tablet with pierced loop above ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 82 Door-plate, brass, oblong, decorated with pierced floral design ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 83 Door-plate, sheet of thin brass, with repousse geometric design ; perforated at intervals; XVII Cent. ; 9^ in. 1., 2f in. w. London Wall. 84 Drill, iron, long, with slender point of square section ; Tudor ; 7 in. 1. London. 85-86 Drills (two), iron, with square section at upper end; XVI Cent.; 9^ in. and llf in. 1. London Wall. 87 Drill, iron, square-sectioned blade, slender tang for handle ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 88 Ewer, brass, of short, broad form, with solid handle, flat base, and slightly pinched-in spout; XIV XV Cent.; 9 in. h.. 5| in. m., ?| in. g. diam., 5 in. b. PI. LXVII, 10. London. 89 Fetters, iron, consisting of two oval wire loops connected by a stout chain ; Early Mediaeval ; 12 in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 90 Fetter. Oblong bar, iron, with ring at each end (probably portion of fetters); XVI XVII Cent.; 5^ in. 1., 1 in. w. ' Thames Street. 91 File, iron, with knife-shaped blade, the flat back is also notched in the same way as the two faces ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 92 File, iron, knife shaped and flat backed with a sharp edge ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 93-94 Files (two), iron; XVI XVII Cent.; 6 and 7| in. 1. London and Moorfields. 20* 292 MEDIEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 95 Fire-back, iron, oblong, with figure bearing a bow, within a scrolled border, 1733 below ; 22 X 12| in. ; another, similar, with vase of flowers in relief; circa 1700; 22 X 21 in. 96-97 Fish-hooks (two), iron, with traces of tinning ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. and 2^ in. 1. Near bed of Walbrook, London Wall. 98 Flesh-hook, iron, with three lateral curved prongs and long quadri- lateral stem ; a short spiral twist near the flat tang, which was for insertion into wooden or bone handle ; used by cooks for the extraction of meat from the cooking pots; 17^ in. 1. London Wall. 99 Flesh-hook, iron, twisted stem, originally with five prongs at end; 6 in. 1. City of London. 100 Flesh-hook, iron, the spiral stem terminating in a socket for handle; 9 in. 1. London. 101 Flesh-hook, iron, with three curved pi-ongs and hollow socket for handle; 15 in. 1. London (?). 102 Flesh-hook, iron, with three curved prongs; 4| in. 1. London. 103 Flat-iron, shield-shaped base, square handle above ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1., 3 in. w. . 3 in. h. Westminster. 104 Fork -like object, iron, with two long prongs, remains of hook at base of curve ; twisted stem, and tang for handle ; 6 in. 1. London. 105 Fork-like object, similar; XVI XVII Cent.; 5J in. 1. London Wall. 106 Fork like object, iron, one prong missing; with movable ring at base of prongs, spirally twisted stem, tang for handle ; Tudor ; 10^ in. 1. Tabernacle Street, 1902-3. 107 Funnel-shaped object, brass, with loop above ; XV XVI Cent. ; 1^ in. 1. London. 108 Gouge (?), iron, of slender form, with square tang for handle; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 109 Hammer ; claw hammer, iron, with stout head, and long, tapering iron handle; XVII Cent.; llf in. 1. Thames, Battersea. 110 Hammer-head, iron, with portion of claw; Tudor: 7 in. w.. 5 in. 1. Tabernacle Street. 111 Handle, door, brass, tubular form with tang above and below, front elaborately pierced ; XV Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Queen Victoria Street. 112-113 Handles (pair), brass, with loop in centre and bases flattened and pierced for rivets ; probably Tudor ; 6 X 5 in. Charterhouse Street. 114 Handle of box. brass, somewhat heart-shaped, with socket : XVI Cent. ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 115 Handle, brass, ornamented with a boss in the centre and a pro- jection at each end ; XVII Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 116 Socketed brass handle of instrument, with triangular head. 117 Handle for brass ewer, in shape of an animal with head turned back, two web-footed forelegs, and body gradually diminishing in thickness, ending in a long tail : 6jj in. 1. -MEDIEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 293 118 Hasp, iron ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 119 Hinge, iron, decorated, for a door; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 120 Hinge, iron, plain form ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. w. Barge Yard, 1869. 121 Hook, brass, with pierced plate above ; XIV XV Cent. ; J in. 1. 122 123 Hooks (two), brass, similar, XV Cent. ; 1| in. and 5 in. 1. 124 Hook, brass, used to suspend a crusie or lamp ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 125 Hook, bronze, with trefoil ornament, composed of a cord, with tasselled ends, the latter resting on a bar ; 1 in. 1. 126 Hook, bronze, the hook springing from a pierced wheel design, with three loops attached ; | in. 1. 127 Hook, bronze, the hook springing from an ornate circular design, with eye attached ; 1 in. 1. 128 Hook, bronze, the hook springing from a pierced wheel design with eye attached ; 1^ in. 1. The above objects, Nos. 125 to 128 may have been dress fasteners ; Tudor. 129 Hook, iron, with the centre of the shaft flattened and pierced for a rivet, the top of the shaft is also flattened and turned back ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 130 Hook, iron, with oblong eye at upper end ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. diam. London Wall. 131 Hook, iron, with cross piece at one end ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Botolph's Wharf. 132 Hook, iron; Tudor; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 133 Hook, for dress, simple; Tudor; 1^ in. 1. Tabernacle Street. 134 Hook, for belt, iron, oblong, with traces of leather at back. Thames. 135 Knife, or cutting tool, lunette-shaped blade, with stout tang flattened at end to receive handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 136 Knife-shaped object, iron, with rounded edge ; Tudor ; 5 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 137 Man-trap, iron, with two large semi-circular jaws, and flat plate, attached to a long cross-bar, having a strong spring at either end ; 4 ft. 1., 1 ft. 8 in. w. 138 Manacles, iron, consisting of two loops sliding upon a straight iron bar, which is pierced at one end to receive a small iron wedge ; probably early Mediaeval ; 10 in. 1. Tower Street. 139 Manacles (pair), iron, with large loops, hinged in the centre, and connecting chain, with swivel near one end ; XVIII Cent. ; 13 in. 1. 140 Manacles (pair), iron, with swivel in centre, having screw lock to loops ; XVIII XIX Cent. ; 9^ in. 1. Thames. 141 Modeller's tool, iron, with slender shaft, expanding at end to a leaf-shaped termination, one face of which has a midrib, the other being flat ; XVI Cent. ; 5f in. 1. London Wall. 294 MEDIAEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 142 Modeller's tool, iron, with stout shaft and slender termination ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 143 Modeller's tool, iron, grooved in centre, ends expanding to an oblique-edged blade, one end being curved over on itself ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 144 Mortar, bronze, body ridged horizontally, expanding flat base ; XVIII Cent.; ?i in. g. diam., 5{ in. b., 5J in. h. 8t. Martin 's- le-Grand. 145 Mortar, iron, of usual form, body ridged at intervals and with two curved side handles; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 5^ in. diam. Lancing, Sussex. 146 Nail, iron, flat head ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. London Wall. 147 Nut-crackers, iron, with whistle and other implements combined - r XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. 148 Nut-crackers, pierced steel, engraved E. 16 ; 2f in. 1. 149 Nut-crackers, iron ; XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 150 Nut-crackers, iron, with ornamented handles ; XVIII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. PI. XC, 2. 151 Nut-crackers and tobacco-pipe stopper combined, iron ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. PL XC, 1. 152 Nut-crackers, curved handles ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 153 Object, brass, rough cast, consisting of a bar slightly curved in the centre, and having two short projections at the 'lower end ; Tudor; 4| in. 1. This may have been a key. London Wall. 154 Object, iron, consisting of a central shaft, with a branch at each side ; one branch is flattened and projects at right angles, with a rivet hole in the centre, the other is imperfect, but appears to have been similar ; below is a flat central tang ; XVI Cent. ( ? ) ; 6| in. 1. London. 155 Object, iron, pointed at each end, oblong hole in centre ; Tudor ( ? ) ; 5^ in. London. 156 Object, iron, composed of a solid rod, with oblong slot at one end, the other squared, and tapering to form a tang for handle ; at junction of tang to handle is a solid iron ferrule ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Barge Yard. 157 Object, iron, the upper end open (containing fragment of wood) and serrated on one edge, the lower portion curved and looped at end (use uncertain) ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. London Wall. 158 Object, iron, in form like the handle end of a pair of scissors ; of uncertain use ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London Wall. 159 Piercer, iron, with squared end for handle ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 160 Piercer, or awl, iron ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Butlers Wharf, 1871. Nos. 160 to 163 may have been used as forks, as they have often been found with knives. MEDIEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 295 161 Piercer, iron, with riveted wooden handle inlaid with large studs ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. Barge Yard. This specimen has a handle resembling a common type of knife handle of this period. 162 Piercer, iron, with slender tang for the handle ; Tudor ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 163 Piercer or awl, iron, the handle terminating in a trefoil ; XVI Cent. ; 4f in. 1. Butler's Wharf, 1871. 164 Piercer, or awl, iron, copper ferrule at end of handle ; XVI Cent. ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 165 Piercer, or borer, iron, cylindrical, tapering to a point, wooden handle ; Tudor ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 166-167 Piercers (two), iron, with riveted wooden handles ; XVI Cent. ; . 4 in. 1. Barge Yard and Wapping, 1869. 168 Piercer (?), iron, tapering to a point at one end ; the handle plate having two rivets, with traces of wood on one side ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 169 Piercer, iron, the pointed end perforated with a small eye, the upper portion of the handle is solid and cut to form a rasp, the lower portion was covered with wood, traces of which remain ; a leather worker's tool ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 170 Piercer, steel shaft, the handle terminates in a brass ferrule on which is incised X ; XVI Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. London Wall. 171 Pile ; base of pile, oak. tapering to an obtuse point, with iron shoe attached ; XVII Cent. ; 9| in. h., 5 in. g. diam. PI. XCVI, 6. London Wall, 1902. 172 Pincers, iron, with oval claws, handles curving outwards ; Tudor ; 8^ in. 1. London Wall. 173 Pliers, iron, with long narrow jaws, and loop at end of handles to keep the pliers closed ; uncertain period ; 5 in. 1. London. 174 Pincers, iron, curved jaws (one missing) the base of one handle is ridged, with movable loop attached, the other is " stepped " at an angle to catch the loop ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 175 Pincers, iron, semi-circular jaws, curved handles hollowed within XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 178 Plane ; blade of moulding plane, with narrow semi-circular cutting edge, and broad butt end ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 177 Pliers, iron, with curved rounded jaws and slender handle, deco- rated at base ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Finsbury. 178 Pliers, iron, with square nose and clip at end to fasten the limbs together ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Finsbvry. 179 Pole ; base of pole, iron, tapering, open on one side with projecting strap above, one rivet hole ; probably the base of a skating pole ; circa XVI Cent. ; 7J in. 1. Moorfield. See p. 154, No. 150, note. 180 Pole ; base of barge pole, iron, with V-shaped fork, and open socket containing portion of pole ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 15i in. 1. River Lea. 296 MEDIEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 181 Pole ; base of barge pole, iron, with oval opening beneath the fork and remains of wooden pole in socket ; probably XVII Cent. ; 18 in. 1. River Lea. 182 Pole ; base of barge pole, iron, with forked projection at end and remains of wooden pole in socket ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 13| in. 1. River Lea. 183 Pole, skating, iron base, pointed below and socketed above ; probably for base of a skating pole ; XVI Cent. ; 11^ in. 1. London Wall. 184 Porringer, copper, with iron handle perforated at end. for mulling wine; XVII Cent.; 2 in. h., 2 in. m.. 2 in. b. Great Chapel Street, Oxford Street, 1896. 185 Pot, brass, with flat pan-shaped bowl, and three feet, long handle perforated at end; XVII Cent.; 3| in. h., 4f in. diam. PI. XCIII, 3. Fetter Lane. 186 Pump ; hand-pump, brass, with wooden handle at the extremity, and rectangular looped metal handle at each side ; inscribed ALDGATE WARD 1672 ; 35 in. h. , 3^ in. diam. , and 7 in. between side handles. 187 Pump ; hand-pump, brass, wooden handle, witli City arms and date, 1687; 34 in. h. , 3 diam., and 6 in. diam. between side handles. Formerly in use at the Guildhall. 188 Pump ; hand-pump, similar to the above, without inscription ; 32 in. h., 3 in. diam., and 6 in. between side handles. 189 Punch, slender type ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 190 Punch, iron, octagonal section, tapering to a blunt point at one end ; Tudor ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 191 Punch, iron, with slot in the shoulder, and hollow tube below, tapering towards the point ; Tudor ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 192 Punch, iron, solid shaft, oblong slot near top, and tubular base ; Tudor; 3 in. 1. London Wall? 193-194 Punches (two), iron; Tudor; 3 in. and 4 in. 1. London Wall. 195-209 Rings ; fifteen small rings of brass and one of iron ; averaging 1 in. diam. London. These rings occur in all Mediaeval deposits, and their use and exact period are at present unknown. 210 Ring, iron, perhaps from an early manacle ; 3 in. diam. 211 Rings (four), joined together; 3^ in. 1. 212 Rod, iron, with looped projection on one side, perhaps a portion of a lock ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. liaryc Yard. 213 Saw, short blade, long slender tang, the serrations are obtuse and the object was probably for sawing stone or metal ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 214 Saw, with coarse teeth, having tang for handle and portion of rrret in base of tang; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. MEDIAEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 297 215 Scissors (?), iron, the slender blade works into a long sheath open at the sides, the handles were very much curved (one is now broken away) and a long rod is passed transversely through the centre of the handles, being fastened by a rivet to a central projection from the shoulder ; probably XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Queen Victoria Street, 1869. 216 Scissors, steel, with oval loops and obtuse edge ; maker's mark AB ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 217 Scissors, steel, with oval loops and ridged blade ; Tudor ; 6 in. 1. London. 218 Scissors, iron, with broad blade, terminating at an acute angle, having oval finger holes at base ; maker's mark an object resembl- ing a key ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London, 1902. 219 Scissors or shears, flat blades, long shafts, circular looped handles ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 220 Scissors, blades curving to a point, short limbs, oval looped handles ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 221 Scissors, iron, slender, with double-edged blades; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 222 Scissors, iron, with upturned points; XVIII Cent.; 10 in. 1. 223 Scissors, iron, hooked handles ; 7| in. 1. Hambro Wharf, 1904. 224 Scissors case, steel, elaborately engraved with floral designs ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 225 Scissors-like instrument, probably dental ; XVII Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. Barge Yard. 226 Shears, iron, slender type ; XV Cent. ; 8 in. 1. 227 Shears, bronze, slender form, with strips of iron on edge of blades; XV Cent.; 5 in. 1. London. 228 Shears, iron, slender form ; maker's mark on blade ; XV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 229 Shears, iron, ordinary type; maker's mark, V. T. ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 230 Shears, iron, slender form, with semi-circular slots at base of blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 231 Shears, cast brass, with steel strips at edge of blades ; Tudor ; 4^ in. 1. London. 232 Shears, cast brass, with remains of iron edges to blades ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 233 Shears, iron, with blades damascened or inlaid with animal forms and scrolls ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. 234 Shears, iron, the stems are lozenge in section, the blades slender and bevelled, and the spring is narrow ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. City of London. 235 Shears, iron, oval bow, slender blades, maker's mark incised ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 298 MEDIAEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 236 Shears, iron ; the blades are notched at the back near the points, and concave at the top, with slight spur on stems ; the spring is ^ in. w. and spreads outwards from stems ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; in. 1. City of London. 237-249 Shears (thirteen pairs), iron, XVI Cent. ; 4 to 9 in. 1. Various localities. 250 Shears, with broad short blades ; maker's mark S. T. ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4f in. 1. London Wall. 251 Shears, iron, slender form, with limbs of lozenge section ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 252 Shears or cutting pliers, iron, blades imperfect, with long curved handles ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Thames, London. 253 Shears, iron, broad short jaws, long handles, incurved at base ; XVIII Cent. ; 10^ in. 1. London. 254 Shoe horn, brass, of narrow form, one face ornamented with a deeply incised line ; probably XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 255 Shovel-blade, wood, with iron edge, of pointed type ; XVI Cent. ; 11^ in. h., 7^ in. g. w. Liverpool Street, 1843. 256 Shovel ; sheathing to blade of shovel, iron (the wooden blade having perished) of oval form; XVI Cent.; 8 in. 1., 5 in. w. London. 257 Shovel-blade, iron sheathing ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. ; 6 in. w. 258 Sickle, iron, semi-circular blade, long tang for handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 15 in. 1. Cowcross Street, 1865. 259 Sieve-like object, brass wire ; perhaps a head-protector to be worn inside a flat cap; XVI Cent. ; 7^ in. d. Wood Street, 1904. 260 Spade, short broad iron blade, with long wooden handle ; XVII Cent. ; 35 x 12 in. Thames, Wandsworth. 261 Spit, iron, slender; XVI Cent. ; 16 in. 1. Tabernacle Street, 1902. 262 Spout of a vessel, brass or bronze, the end in form of a serpent's head ; XIV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 263 Spout, brass, with flat projection, which united it to body of vessel, pierced with trefoil ornament; XIV XV Cent. ; 4f in. 1. 264-266 Spouts, bronze (three), in form of dragons' heads; XIV XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 267 Spout, brass ; XVI Cent. ; If in. 1. Tabernacle Street. 268 Spud-shaped tool, with short broad blade and tubular socket ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Temple Street. 269 Spud-shaped tool, short broad iron blade, long flattened wooden handle ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 270-271 Staples (two), iron, with hook at end ; Tudor ; 3 in. and 3| in. 1. London Wall. 272 Staple, iron, with link of chain attached ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Southwark. 273 Staple, iron, with circular loop on either side above ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. MEDIAEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 299 274 Swivel, iron, consisting of slender rod with ring at upper end ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 275 T-shaped object, iron, with square pointed base; Tudor; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 276 Tap, brass, with shaped spout and simple pointed plug ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 277 Tap, brass, with pierced handle ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 278 Tap. bronze, square section, with trefoil-headed key ; stem missing ; XIII XIV Cent. London. 279 Tap, similar ; head of key broken ; 4^ in. 1. 280 Tap. bronze ; heavy key surmounted by a crown-shaped orna- ment ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. 281 Tap, bronze; mouth in form of dog's head, key in' form of fleur-de-lis ; 5^ in. 1. 282 Tap-key, trefoil ornament ; 1J in. 1. 283 Tool, iron, tapering blade, thin tang, and brass cap or ferrule at base ; Tudor ; 4 in. 1. London. 284 Tool, iron, with flat, slender blade, terminating in a point, one face of blade notched as a file, the other as a rasp ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 285 Tool, iron, similar to above, with solid iron handle expanding towards base, and having four circular hollows on each face, to represent rivets ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 286 Tool, iron, hi form of a plumber's bit, tang notched to grip the handle ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 287 Tool, iron, in form of a plumber's bit, similar to the above ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 288 Tool, artisan's, iron, forked ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 289 Tripod pot, brass, with horizontal handle, having a loop at junction with the bowl of the object ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 2| in. diam. PI. XCIII, 4. Southwark. 290 Tripod vessel, brass, with long spout connected at upper part by a metal rod ; the handle is flat and curves from top of neck to middle of lower portion of body; circa XVII Cent.; 9 in. h.. 7J in. g. diam., 3^ in. m., 6 in. b. 291 Trowel, iron, narrow blade, slender tang for handle ; Tudor ; 9 in. 1. London. 292 Trowel, iron, sub-triangular blade, and long tang ; probably XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 293 Trowel, triangular blade, long slender wooden handle ; probably XVIH Cent. ; 13 in. 1. London. 294 Trowel, short, triangular iron blade, wooden handle ; XVIII Cent. ( ? ) ; 8^ in. 1. London. 295 Trowel-shaped implement, iron, with broad, short blade, and long, curved tang, terminating in a hook ; probably XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Barge Yard. 800 MEDIEVAL TOOLS, ETC. 296 Trowel, with wooden handle; 15 in. 1., 3 in. w. Newgate. 297 Trowel ; sub-triangular blade, with remains of wooden handle ; XVII Cent. ( ?); lU,in. 1. Newgate. 298 Warming-pan, copper, with perforated lid and long wooden handle; XVIII Cent.; 43 in. 1. 300 Wire ; object of twisted brass wire, with loop at end ; XV XVI Cent, ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 301 Wire ; object of twisted brass wire ; imperfect ; Tudor. London Wall. 302-309 Wire ; eight specimens of brass wire ; Tudor. London Wall. 310 Wire ; hank of spirally-twisted brass wire ; XVII Cent. London Wall. 311 Wire ; fork-like object, of twisted wire, with six prongs (two imperfect); use and period uncertain; 4| in. 1. London. For examples of domestic vessels of metal, which are rarely found in London, see Nos. 43. 63-7. 88, 184-5, 289-290. AXES. 312 Axe-head, iron (battle-axe), the large socket with triangular shaft- hole is 2^ in. 1. and has a narrow strap-like projection at top, with perforation for attachment to the shaft, probably to act us a guard against a sword-cut or blow from another axe breaking the handle ; the blade is curved at the sides and measures 4 in. across the cutting edge ; imperfect ; strap 3| in. deep ; XV Cent. London Wall. 313 Axe-head, flanged socket 1| in. 1., with triangular shaft hole; the blade, which expands to 6 in. at cutting edge, is bevelled ai the edges on one side only ; 7 in. deep. Tower Bridge Works, 1890. 314 Axe-head, iron; socket 3^ in. 1. , blade curved, measuring 3 in. across the oblique cutting edge ; Saxon or Early Mediaeval ; 7^ in. deep. Thames. 315 Axe-head, iron, blade is provided with a quadrilateral tang instead of a socket and shaft-hole, and is 3| in. across the cutting edge ; tang 7$, in. 1. , depth of axe, 3f in. ; XV ( ?) Cent. 316 Axe-head, iron; socket 3 in. 1., blade broad and attached to the socket by a rather narrow waist ; 6J in. across the cutting edge. 7 in. deep. 317 Axe-head, iron; socket 3 in. 1., blade 4 in. w. at cutting edge, 5f in. deep. Thames, the Temple, 1865. 318 Axe-head, iron, socket, 4 in. 1., projects beyond the constricted portion of the blade, which expands to 6 in. across cutting edge ; a three-petalled flower, probably the maker's mark, is stamped on one side ; 6 in. deep. BrooM Wharf, Thames Street, 1868. 319 Axe-head, iron, large socket with sub-rectangular shaft-hole, blade almost straight-sided, expanding to 4| in. across cutting edge ; 8 in. deep. Corbet Court, Gracechurch Street, 1872. 320 Axe-head, iron, the socket 3| in. 1., blade 4| in. across the cutting edge ; 5| in. deep ; Early Mediaeval. MEDIEVAL PEWTER OBJECTS. 301 321 Axe-head, iron, wide socket with ovate shaft-hole; blade almost straight-sided, 3^ in. across the cutting edge ; 5f in. deep ; Early Mediaeval. 322 Axe-head, iron, similar to the above, but much damaged by corrosion; Early Mediaeval; socket 4: in. 1., blade 3^ in. across cutting edge, 6 in. deep. Site of Messrs. Moses & Sons' premises, Minories, 1868. J.B.A.A., xxiv, 289. 323 Battle (?) axe-head, iron, large socket 4^ in. 1. ridged on one side ; the large and somewhat rectangular blade is broken away above, and is 6| in. along cutting edge ; 5| in. deep ; XV Cent. 324 Axe-head, iron, triangular shaft; XVII Cent.; 7 in. 1., 5 in. w. at cutting edge. London Wall. 1902. 325 Axe-head, similar; 7 in. 1., 4f in. w. at cutting edge. * London Wall. 1902. 326 Axe-head, similar; 9^ in. 1.. blade 5| in. w. London Wall, 1902. MEDIEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XIX. PEWTER OBJECTS. 1 Barber's bowl, with ( TT impressed on rim ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. diam., | in. h. London. 2 Barber's bowl, with pierced triangular handle ; XVII Cent. : 24 X 2 1 in. Moor fields. 3 Barber's bowl, with plain trefoil handle ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ x 6 : | in. London. 4 Barber's bowl, pierced handle ; E w within a circle ; XVII Cent. : 4} i n - diam. . 5 Barber's bowl, with handle, consisting of a central shield, inscribed M B and supported by two dolphins (the supporters of the arms of the Pewterers' Company): m. mark I K (.'), star above and below ; XVII Cent. ; 1^ in. h.. ">f in. diam. 6 Barber's bowl, similar ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4 X 3-j in. London. 7 Barber's bowl, basin form, trefoil handle on each side, II stamped on one handle: 9 in. g. diam., 2 in. h. PI. XCII, 2. London. 8 Barber's bowl, with decorative pierced handle terminating in a mask, and having in the centre A H L within a heart ; on the underside of the bowl are the initials w M ; XVII Cent. : 1J in. h., 5] in. diam. Ft anbury. 9 Barber's bowl, of ordinary form, the handle consisting of a shield, with a dolphin on each side (the supporters of the arms of the Pewterers' Company), scrolls and ring above : on shield is incised L I, and M at the side : 1\ in. g. diam.. 5} in. diam. of bowl. 1^ in. h. PI. XCII, 3. London. 302 MEDIAEVAL PEWTER OBJECTS. 10 Barber's bowl (handle missing), with narrow flat rim, decorated with hatched lines ; m. mark I I, a flower between, within a lozenge ; XVII Cent. ; 2f X $ in. London Wall. 11 Barber's bowl, with trefoil handle, bearing a star-shaped plate with P F in centre; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. h., 5 in. diam. London Wall. 12 Barber's bowl, with handle in form of a conventional fleur-de-lis : 7| in. diam. ; XVII XVIII Cent. 13 Barber's bowl, similar ; XVIII Cent. ; 4 X 3| in. London. 14 Basin, with remains of flat rim ; ST^ in. h., 7 J in. diam. Smithjield, 1866. 15 Basin or bowl, with thick turned-over rim and ringed base ; XVIII Cent. ; 4 A X 1} in. London. 16 Bowl, trefoil handle, with four trefoil perforations and another perforation iu form of a crescent above ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. g. diam., | in. h. London. 17 Bowl, with pierced flat handle, and marked c s within a circle : XVII Cent. ; 6 in. g. diam.. 1 in. h. London Wall. 18 Bowl, trefoil handle at side, marked in centre of underside with a full-faced sun ; XVII Cent. ; 4J in. g. diam., J in. h. 19 Bowl, flat, with remains of maker's mark H on base; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1J in. h., 5 in. diam. 20 Bowl, trefoil handle, three crescent-shaped perforations on handle, stamped w I K ; XVIII Cent. ; 7| in. g. diam.. 1| in. h. London Docks. 21 Box, oblong, lid missing, front and sides decorated with panels enclosing birds, grapes, etc., in relief ; XVII XVIII Cent. : 6^ in. 1., 1 in. w., 1 in. h. PI. XCIII, 1. 22 Box, with slightly tapering sides and rounded top, the body is decorated with a double band of two incised lines ; probably an unfinished sand box ; XVIII Cent. ; 2J X If in. Lo>id.on. 23 Chalice (?), small, of simple form, with broad base; XVI Cent. ; 1| in. h., If in. g. diam. London. 24 Cup, handle missing, with broad band of decoration on lower portion of body, and a narrow band of similar ornament below rim ; mark T T with crown above, with a plain shield ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h. 25 Dish or platter, with curved rim, on which is incised E I ; the maker's mark is c R and a spray, within a circle : XVII Cent. ; 4 1 X | in. London. 26 Dish, small : XVII Cent. ; 6J in. diam. Kennard's Wharf. J.B.A.A. Vol. xxxi, p. 111. 27 Dish, with broad flat rim, inscribed I D ; on the underside is " Jn. James Delof ondz(.')at y c Black Eagle Brick Lane. Spittlefields." m. mark X and crown above ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; I0j in. diam. 28 Dish. oval, inscribed on rim "Staple Inn," with cognizance of the Inn ; XVIII Cent. ; 13} X 10| in. 29 Dish or platter, with broad rim ; XVIII Cent. ; 4J X J in. MEDIEVAL PEWTER OBJECTS. 303 30 Flagon, globular body, broad base, the neck curved, expanding towards rim. pinched-in spout ; the lid is decorated with bands of short lines, thumb piece in the form of two acorns conjoined ; the mark appears to be a crown, H R below, within a shield ; XVI Cent, form ; 9 in. h., 4 in. b., 5} in. g. diam.. 3 in. m. PI. XCII, 7. London. 31 Flagon, with swelling body and low base, the lid has been decorated with an acorn-shaped knop and thumb-piece ; on the handle is engraved a shield of arms ; XVII Cent. ; 11 in. h. PI. XCII, 10. Fresh Wharf, Thames Street. 32 Ink-well, flattened form, with fluted sides, on which are two shields of arms; XV XVI Cent,; If in. h., If x 1 in. w. Moorfields. 33 Ink-well, slightly expanding towards mouth, which has a flanged rim, the front is semi-circular and decorated with lattice-work, with Tudor rose in centre, the back is flat, giving the object a semi-circular section ; XVI Cent. ; 1 x 2 x 1 in. Brook's Wharf, 1867. 34 Ink-well, hexagonal tapering sides, broad base and narrow mouth ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 1|- X 2| in. London. 35 Jug, small. 1$ in. h. ; XVIII Cent. London. 36 Mug, pint, raised bands on body, mark w R and crown, inscribed Timy Buck at y e Fountain in Portingall Street against y e play- house ; " XVII Cent. ; 5J in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3f in. b., 3 in. m. 37 Mug, pint, inscribed " T. Richardson, Crown & Anchor Pant (?) St"; mark, crown and w B (William III?); 4-J in. h.. 4 1 in. diam. 38 Mug, pint, mark w R and crown, inscribed " Henry Casey at y e Duke of Marlboras head at hatton (garden)": temp. William III: 4f in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3J in. b., 3| in. w. 39 Mug, half-pint, raised bands on body, inscribed " Bich d Yeo at y e blew lettice, in Ship Yard without Temple barr ": XVII Cent. : 3 Jin. h., 4J in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 2J in. w. 40 Object resembling the mouth of a knife sheath, with ring and dot decoration, and cabled edge ; 1J X | in. 41 Pap boat : XVIII Cent. : 4f in 1.. 2 in. w., 1 in. h. London. 42 Plate, with R M in Gothic characters on rim, and c T in mono- gram within shield on underside ; XVI Cent. ; f in. h.. 5J in. diam. Golden Lane. 43 Plate ; marks, THO. BURGES, a man firing a cannon, LONDON, crowned Tudor rose, and incised I s, all these marks are on the back : on front, on upper portion of rim, are two greyhounds coursing, a swan above ; also s M on shield, a crowned lion's head. a ring brooch, and a lion in imitation of a hall mark : 9 in. diam. 44 Plate, with broad rim, plain ; XVII Cent. ; 7t 2 X J in. London. 45 Plate, small, roughly repaired by casting lead in the centre : XVII Cent. ; 5 X J in. London. 46 Plate, shallow type, with marks on under side as follows, X. crowned Tudor rose, imitation silver mark, BISMUTH. H B and 8 G M. the latter is incised ; XVII Cent. : 9J X 1 in. Southirark. 304 MEDIEVAL PEWTER OBJECTS. 47-48 Plates (two), with mark, a crowned feather on rim ; XVII Cent. ; 10$ in. diam. Near Guifx Hospital. 49 Plate, maker's mark, F; XVII Cent.: 7J in. diam., If in. h. Southward. 50 Plate, small, with broad flat edge, having B inscribed on underside of rim ; XVII Cent. ; 6jj in. diam., f in. h. Sovthibarlt. 51 Plate, rim only, with incised line round edge, marked I M ; XVII Cent. : 3 in. diam. London. 52 Plate, with mark, a hand grasping a hammer, A L, and GRADATIM : 9 in. diam. 53 Plate, no mark visible ; 9| in. diam. 54 Plate, imperfect, inscribed " Thos. Fassett at ye Dark house in dark house Lane " ; marks, LONDON, X, Tudor rose crowned. BUCKLEY AND HAMILTON, portion of monogram on rim ; XVIII Cent. ; 8i in. diam. 55-56 Plates (two) ; inscribed " Vincent Mathews " ; marks, THOMAS STEVENS, an open hand, globe, and star. SUPERFINE HAED METAL, M V A, three indistinct marks in shields below : 9 in. diam. 57 Porringer, with graceful side handles ; having a rudely designed human mask, floral sprays, and w R crowned on front ; XVII Cent. : 2| in. h., 6* in. diam. PI. XCIII, 10. 58 Porringer, or cup. with a handle, the body decorated with engraved bands of hatched lines : XVII XVIII Cent. : 2 X 3J in. Moor- 59 Pot, with cover, lid impressed with four circular devices, a crowned TT head, I on one side, S on the other ; also with incised I . S : 5i in. h. PI. XCII. 6. 60 Pot, of usual type, marked w R and crown, inscribed " Win. Clark, Wheatsheaf , Ewers Street, Southk " ; the figure 20 is incised on the upper portion of the handle ; XVII Cent. : 4 in. h. Siwth- wark. 61 Pot, with projecting spout ; of cylindrical form, slightly expanding above, with bands of incised lines on body ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4 1 in. h. 62 Pot, somewhat cup-shaped, with handle : XVII XVIII Cent. : 8 in. h., 5 in. diam. PI. XCIII, 6. Golden Law, 1882. 63 Salt cellar, cylindrical body, expanding rim and base, the latter decorated ; 2 in. h., 3 in. diam. PI. XCIII. 9. 64 Salt cellar, body bowl-shaped, expanding base: 2-J- in. g. diam., \\ in. h. 65 Standing salt, with pierced, overhanging top ; mark, a winged female figure within an oval ; XVIII Cent. (/) : 6 in. h., 5 in. g.d. PI. XCIII, 8. 66 Shoe horn, pewter ; XV Cent. : 4f in. 1. London Wall. 67 Tankard, thumb-plate of handle roughly marked I, base stamped A 17 B T, portcullis mark, and w R surmounted by a crown near rim on sides ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h.. 4 in. b.. 3^ in. m. Great Chapel Street, Oxford Street, 1896. MEDIAEVAL SPOONS. 305 68 Tankard, inscribed " R. Bland, Bird in hand, Orchard (?) Street." On the thumb-plate of handle the initials R B R, stamped with portcullis and w. R. surmounted by a crown ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 4 in. b. Great Chapel Street, Oxford Street, 1896. 69 Tankard, inscribed "T. Allerson Sun Noel Str 1 ," with a shield formed by a waved line ; the tankard is much battered ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. h. Great Chapel Street, Oxford Street, 1896. 70 Tankard, ornamented with two bands of decoration in relief, on the handle is inscribed G S F, rim marked A R (Anna Regina) a dagger between ; between the bands is engraved " George Ste y att y e Bell on y e Bankside in South wark " ; XVII Cent. ; 6f in. h. Bankside. 71 Tankard, somewhat cylindrical body, and curved side handles ; XVIII Cent. ; 4& in. h., 5 in. g. diam. PI. XCIII, 5. 72 .Tankard, inscribed " Rob'- Meredith at y e Apple Tree in Warder Street." On the thumb plate of handle R M E, inside on bottom a bust between two scrolls " Old Tho Parr Aged 152." Stamped with crown and w R ; XVIII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3^ in. m., 4 in. b. Great Chapel Street, Oxford Street, 1896. 73 Tankard, pewter, with lid and broad-moulded base ; maker's marks, lion rampant, leopard's head, a bell, and T. C. ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 9| in. h., 4 in. m., 6 hi. b. PL XCVII, 7. 74 Vessel, miniature, with three long slender feet, curved handle and spout ; the body is decorated with panels containing quatrefoils, having a boss in the centre ; also a border of chevrons and dots, and a band of circle and dot pattern below ; XVI Cent. ; 2J in. h. PI. XCIII, 2. JinwM Wliarf. 75 Funnel, pewter, 2 X If in. Tower Bridge. 1890. 76 Handle of bowl, pewter, in form of human mask, with long hair ; maker's mark, a hippocamp and w ; XVII Cent. ; 1^ x 1 fa in. London. 77 Plate, pewter ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. d. 78 Communion cup, pewter, imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h. MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XX. SPOONS. BONE. 1 Spoon, bone, roughly shaped and unfinished ; XVIII Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. 2 Spoon, bone, for marrow, found with a glass bottle in Whitechapel ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. BRA55. 3 Spoon, brass, circular bowl, slender stem and plain fillet and knop ; XIV Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Billingsgate. 21 306 MEDIEVAL SPOONS. 4 Spoon, brass, circular bowl, flat stem, with small flat knop ; XV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 5 Spoon, brass, circular bowl, flat, tapering stem and acorn knop ; on the stem is an impressed Gothic M ( ? ) ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. 6 Spoon, brass, "slipped in the stalk" type; XVI Cent.; 6^ in. 1. 7 Spoon, brass, " slipped in the stalk " type ; stem imperfect ; maker's mark a Tudor Rose ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London. 8 Spoon, brass, plain stem ; 10^ in. 1. 9 Spoon, brass, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark i. G on bowl ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Moorfields, 1866. 10 Spoon, brass, fig-shaped bowl, " slipped in the stalk " stem ; maker's mark a fleur-de-lis on bowl ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 11 Spoon, brass, plated or tinned, oval bowl, "slipped in the stalk" stem ; maker's mark a rose ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 12 Spoon, brass, fig-shaped bowl, plain six-sided, or " slipped in the stalk " stem ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 13 Spoon, brass, pear-shaped bowl, flattened octagonal stem ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 14 Spoon, brass, tinned, oval bowl, flat stem bifurcated at end ; maker's mark three spoons between M. M. ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. I. London. 15 Spoon, brass, tinned, with oval bowl and cleft handle ; maker's mark s. c. (?) within bowl, owner's mark R. M. on handle ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 16 Spoon, brass, tinned, oval bowl, flat stem, expanding at end and bifurcated, with semi-circular projection between ; maker's mark a bird between D. i. on bowl, owner's mark .c. on back of handle ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London. 17 Spoon, brass, tinned, " slipped in the stalk " type, with oval bowl ; maker's mark a spoon between R R (back to back) ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Moorfields, 1866. 18 Spoon, brass, oval bowl, flat expanding stem, bifurcated at end ; owner's mark .S. on handle; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London. 19 Spoon, brass, oval bowl, flat stem, expanding into a trilobed handle, with projection between the lobes ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. BRONZE AND COPPER. 20 Spoon shaft (?), bronze, stamped with a fleur-de-lis; XV Cent.; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 21 Spoon, copper or brass, tinned, oval bowl, flat stem, cleft above ; maker's mark D. z. below ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 22 Spoon, copper, oval bowl, flat stem, cleft at upper end ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. MEDIAEVAL SPOONS. 307 HORN. 23 Spoon, horn, fig-shaped bowl, flattened twisted stem, engraved lines at shoulder ; XVI Cent. ; 5J in. 1. PL LXXXI, 10. Windmill Street, 1870. 24 Spoon, horn, fig-shaped bowl, stout straight stem ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 25 Spoon, horn, fig-shaped bowl, short plain stem; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 26 Spoon, horn, fig-shaped bowl, short stout stem ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Holborn Valley, 1868. 27 Spoon, horn, " slipped in the stalk " type ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 8. Holborn Valley, 1868. .28 Spoon, horn, oval bowl, stem expanding to a broad rounded end, slightly hollowed ; XVII Cent. ; 5 jV in. 1. London. LATTEN. 29 Spoon, latten or brass, globular bowl, stout stem, strawberry- shaped knop ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Smithfield, 1867. 30 Spoon, latten, plated or tinned, oval bowl, " slipped in the stalk " stem ; maker's mark R. B and heart ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 31 Spoon, latten, tinned, fig-shaped bowl, and well-formed seal knop ; maker's mark a heart within a circle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 7. London. 32 Spoon, latten, tinned or plated, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark three " seal-topped " spoons within a circle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 33 Spoon, latten, plated or tinned, fig-shaped bowl and seal knop ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 6. London. 34 Spoon, latten, tinned, oval bowl, flattened stem, seal top, maker's mark s. p. within a heart pierced by an arrow surrounded bv the words DOUBLE WHITED ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 5. London. 35 Spoon, latten, tinned, deep circular bowl, stout stem, terminating in the figure of an " apostle " ; maker's mark R. B. three spoon- shaped objects between ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 14. 36 Spoon, latten, tinned, oval bowl, squared above, flat expanding stem, cleft handle ; maker's mark three spoons between i. B. ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. PL LXXXI, 4. London. 37 Spoon, latten, tinned, ovate bowl, flat stem and expanding handle, cleft above; maker's mark three spoons (?) and R. owner's mark K T A . XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. PL LXXXI, 2. London. 38 Spoon, latten, tinned, oval bowl, with squared shoulders, stem flat and trilobed ; traces of maker's marks on underside of stem, owner's mark R ^ . XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. PI LXXXI, 3. London. 308 MEDIEVAL PEWTER SPOONS. 39 Spoon, latten, tinned, oval bowl, flat stem, unusually wide handle,, cleft above ; maker's mark i. c. 84, a dagger between, within a shield (1684); 7 in. L, London. 40 Spoon, latten or brass, tinned, nearly oval bowl, the end of handle flat, expanding and slightly cleft ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7i in. 1. London. PEWTER. 41 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, six-sided slender stem ; " diamond- pointed " knop ; XIV XV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 9. Wapjnng, 1869. 42 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, and acorn knop ; maker's mark i G on bowl ; XV Cent. ; of in. 1. Wapping, 1869. 43 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, slender stem and acorn knop ; XV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Wapjnng, 1869. 44 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, twisted stem, and ball- shaped knop, spirally fluted ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London. 45 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, six-sided stem, " diamond-pointed " knop ; XV Cent. ; 6i in. 1. PL LXXXI, 11. London. 46 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, slender stem terminating in a female bust ; maker's mark w. s with crossed keys ( ?) between, incised in the bowl are the initials H. W. ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 13. Wapping, 1867. 47 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, slender stem, with female bust, wearing a horned head-dress at top ("Maidenhead" type) ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6- in. 1. PL LXXXI, 12. London. 48 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, and acorn knop, shows traces of plating with copper ; i . G on bowl ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Wapping, 1869. 49 Spoon, pewter, copper plated, oval bowl, " slipped in the stalk '* stem; maker's mark w L 1578. (?) and I H. F stamped in bowl; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 50 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, " slipped in the stalk " stem ; bowl marked c. T. 75, a cross above, within a lozenge, K. G. A stamped in bowl; XVI (?) Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 51 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, " slipped in the stalk " stem ; maker's mark a hand holding a spoon (?) w. A. and R. B. E, owner's (?) mark above ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 52 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, thick stem, and ball-shaped knop ; maker's mark x. B. ; XVI Cent. ; 6-^ in. 1. London. 53 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, hexagonal stem, and ornamental knoprf maker's mark B. ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. 54 Spoon, pewter, seal-topped type; maker's mark R. c. (?) within a beaded circle ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 55 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark I. G. within bowl; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 56 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark a star between i. i. , owner's mark .M. all within bowl; XVI Cent.; 6A in. 1. London. MEDIAEVAL PEWTER SPOONS. 309 57 Spoon, pewter, copper plated, fig-shaped bowl, stem terminating in a seal-shaped knop ; maker's mark i. G. , owner's mark T. w. M. ; XVI Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London. 58 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, stout stem and ball knop ; maker's mark .s. ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 59 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, " slipped in the stalk " stem ; maker's mark a crowned T. ; XVI Cent. ; 64 in. 1. London. 60 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark a flower within a circle on bowl ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 61 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, hexagonal stem and ball knop ; maker's mark a crown ; XVI Cent. ; 6Jr in. 1. London. 62 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark a crowned ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 63 Spoon, pewter, with slender shaft, knobs in centre and at end ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 64 Stem of spoon, pewter, of the " maidenhead " type ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 65 Spoon, pewter, nearly oval bowl, hexagonal stem and ball knop ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 66 Spoon, pewter, fig-shaped bowl, " slipped in the stalk " stem, marked along the face with fleur-de-lis, bowl marked in a similar manner ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 20. London. 67-68 Spoons (two), pewter, similar to the above ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. and 64 in. 1. PL LXXXI, 18, 19. 69 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " stem ; maker's mark E. W. two crossed spoons; owner's mark C.W. E. ; XVI Cent. ; 74 in. 1. 70 Spoon, pewter (traces of copper plating), "slipped in the stalk" type ; maker's mark x. B in bowl ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 64 in. 1. London. 71 Spoon, pewter, fig- shaped bowl, stout stem and ball knop ; maker's mark N. B. ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 72 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark i. F. within circle, owner's mark H. w. ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 64 in. 1. Moor fields. 73 Spoon, pewter, copper plated, fig-shaped bowl, stout stem, terminating in a seal top ; maker's mark indistinct, owner's mark E. w. i on bowl ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 74 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " type ; with maker's mark on bowl illegible ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Wapping, 1869. 75 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, flat stem, expanding trilobed hand'e, rat-tail type ; maker's mark a key and 1618 (?) on bowl, owner s mark i * E ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. PL LXXXI, 15. London. This type of spoon is called a " rat-tail " from the rib on the under side of the bowl. 76 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, flat stem expanding at top which is oval and cleft above ; maker's mark w. L 1668. within a shield, owner's mark i. s. M. ; 7 in. 1. PL LXXXI, 17. London. 310 MEDIAEVAL PEWTER SPOONS. 77 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, short handle (perhaps originally longer) ; maker's mark T. T. 1677, a crown above ; 3 in. 1. London. 78 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, broad stem, with trilobed handle with floral decoration ; maker's mark T. T. 67 [1667] a crown above ; 3| in. 1. Wapping, 1869. 79 Spoon, pewter, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark E within a rose ; XVII Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London. 80 Spoon, pewter, "slipped in the stalk" type; maker's mark i. F., at end of stem is an imperfectly stamped letter, probably B, ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Tower Bridge. 81 Spoon, pewter, traces of copper plating, " slipped in the stalk " type ; maker's mark two crossed spoons between E. H. , owner's mark I B M ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 82 Spoon, pewter, circular bowl, long flat stem " slipped in the stalk " ; maker's mark s. T and a crown on stem ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 83 Spoon, pewter, traces of copper plating, oval bowl, " slipped in the stalk" stem; maker's mark a flower, owner's mark I M? B. in Gothic capitals ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 84 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, flat handle, expanding at top, beneath the bowl the stem is continued in the form of a stout rib ; owner's initials I l ' E on handle ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. PI. LXXXI, 16. London. 85 Spoon, pewter, plain shaft of circular section and ball knop ; maker's mark a key (?) and initials, indistinct; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Old London Bridge. 86 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, flat broad stem, trilobed handle, the stem is decorated with scrolls and flowers in relief, the bowl has scrolls on the under side and a " rat tail " ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. Wapping, 1867. 87 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, stout stem, flattened and expanding to end, which is semi-circular, and decorated with a rose and other emblems in relief ; maker's mark on back, a lion holding a key, a crown, an x, and LOXDOX ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 88 Spoon, pewter, similar to preceding, unstamped ; XVIII Cent. ; 7f in. 1. London. 89 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, stout flat stem, expanding towards base and rounded at end, a narrow projection runs .from base of stem, under bowl, for a short distance ; maker's marks a lion, an acorn, and another indistinguishable mark ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 90 Spoon, pewter, traces of copper plating, oval bowl, with flat expanding handle, rounded at end ; maker's mark JAMES BOOST surrounding a crescent and stars, a crowned x, and a Maltese Cross ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 91 Spoon, pewter, narrow oval bowl, flat handle, rounded at end ; maker's marks w. B., a lion, a rose, x and a crown, and w. PHILLIPS. ; owner's mark B B K ; early XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. PI. LXXXI, 1. London. MEDIAEVAL SPOONS. 311 92 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, flat, rounded handle on which is a bust of George III ( ? ) between the letters D. c. ; maker's mark on underside, a griffin's head below a coronet between the letters D. v. , an x below a crown, and LONDON ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. 93 Spoon, pewter, ovate bowl, stem expanding above with rounded end, the handle decorated with a sort of knot design ; XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London. 94 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, expanding stem flattened above, ter- minating in a semi-circular end ; XVIII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Wapping, 1867. 95 Spoon, pewter, oval bowl, slender stem expanding slightly at end, the stem and bowl are decorated ; uncertain period ; 4| in. 1. London. 96 Spoon, pewter, bowl only; marked G.I.M. ; XVII Cent. 97 Spoon, pewter, handle ; marked w L 1668. Moor fields. 98 Spoon, pewter, "slipped in the stalk"; marks, two keys between R A and w s M ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. 99 Spoon, similar ; mark, a key between R i ; 6| in. 1. 100 Spoon, similar; mark, crossed kevs and star between AI and AH; 6| in. 1. 101 Spoon, pewter, foreign ; circular bowl ; maker's mark, crown on rose ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. SILVER. 102 Spoon, silver, oval bowl, flat stem, end cut off at right angles ; marked with leopard's head crowned, a lion passant and an obscure date letter, probably 1577 ; 6f in. 1. Wapping, 1869. 103 Spoon, silver, fig-shaped bowl, flattened stem, and seal top; marked leopard's head crowned, and date letter for 1590 ; 6^ in. 1. London. 104 Spoon, seal-topped, silver, portion only ; marks obliterated by scraping ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 105 Spoon, silver, fig-shaped bowl, " slipped in the stalk " stem ; marked leopard's head crowned, lion, date letter for 1618, maker's monogram i. .s in a plain shield; 6| in. 1. London. WOOD. 107 Spoon, wooden, circular bowl ; imperfect ; plain tapering stem pointed at end ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Holborn Valley. 312 MEDLEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XXI. SILVER OBJECTS. 1 Drinking cup, silver, inscribed "Given by"F for the use of the constables of the Ward of Aldersgate, I Beadle 1670 " ; "T*M & T G" in an octagon, "Repaired in the year 1780 John Prince John Woodin Beadles " ; 4 in. h. , 3A in. m. , 21 in b. PI. XCIII, 7. 2 Staff-head, silver, with long tapering base, centre of body some- what globular, head in form of the figure of a monk of the White Friars, holding a Latin Cross in his hand ; inscribed " This staff was made & y e workhouse Avas erected in y e year 1727 when John Martin Thos Holden where (sic) overseers in y e Parish of S* Mary Mount Carmel alias White Fryers LONDON." 16 in. h., 5| in. diam. PI. XCVI, 10. 3 City Marshal's mace or baton, silver-gilt, inscribed " STEPHEN CLARK, Esq., City Marshal, Jany. 27th, 1786," and "appointed Upper Marshal, May 27th, 1791," with the arms of Clark, of Co. Suffolk ; 18 in. total length. PI. C, 1. 4 Candelabra, for nine lights, silver, representing Britannia over- throwing Ignorance, and Justice welcoming the first Sheriff of London of the Hebrew faith; 49 x 20 in. Presented to David Salomons, Esq., Sheriff of London, 1836, afterwards Alderman Sir David Salomons, Bart., and bequeathed by him. 5-55 Silver-plate formerly belonging to George Cruikshank, the artist. Salver, with chased and embossed design, Cruikshank crest in centre ; ladle, with shell-pattern bowl, crest ; punch ladle, with initials on base of bowl ; spoon, with embossed silver handle ; two tea-caddy spoons, engraved bowls ; two pairs of sugar tongs ; butter-knife, with ivory handle ; two ladles, with crest ; two gravy spoons, with crest ; four table-spoons, with crest and initials ; ten tea-spoons, with crest and initials ; six tea-spoons, plain ; four salt-spoons, with crest and initials ; vegetable fork, with crest ; eight large forks, with crest and initials ; five small forks (one broken), with crest and initials. Presented by his widow, Eliza Cruikshank, 1888. 56 Standing salt-cellar, with spoon, of silver, designed to com- memorate the 500th anniversary of the Salters' Company ; 6 in. h., 5 in. g. diam. ; spoon 4| in. 1. The Worshipful Company of Salters, 1894. 57 Facsimile of City of London Ward Beadle's Staff, silver-gilt, with ebony handle; with inscription: "Presented to the Guildhall Museum by Edward Hipwell, Billingsgate Ward"; 5^ in. 1. 58 Tipstaff, silver, with wooden handle; inscribed. "James Bush, Inspector of the Pavements in the City of London, 1789. Win. Dorrell, successor to Js. Bush. junr. 1794 " ; 8^ in. 1. .313 MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XXII. LIGHTING AND WARMING APPLIANCES. CANDLEHOLDERS, BRASS. 1 Candlestick, brass, short broad form, with saucer base, and remains of flat handle at side ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h., 3| in. diam. 2 Candlestick, brass, with curious pierced nozzle, and circular base ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. PI. LXXXV, 8. London. 3 Candlestick, brass, portion, with tall shaft having projecting ribs at intervals, base imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h. 4 Candlestick, brass, similar type, originally found in two parts, and incorrectly fastened together ; XVII Ceat. ; present h. 4f in., 4 in. g. diam., original h. 6 in. London. 5 Candlestick, brass, with circular base, and slender shaft, ter- minating in a socket ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h. , 4 in. b. PL LXXXV, 11. London. 6 Candlestick, brass, similar; XVII Cent.; 7 in. h., 4 in. diam. 7 Candlestick, brass, similar; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. h., 3 in. b. 8 Candlestick, brass, same type; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h,, 4 in. b. London. 9 Candlestick, brass, flat-cupped base, slender shaft, raised ribs on base and on upper portion of nozzle ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h. London. 10 Candlestick, brass, of shorter form, with circular base, and stouter broader socket with projecting rim ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4 in. h., 3 in. diam. Lombard Street. 11 Candlestick shaft, brass ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. h. London. 12 Candlestick socket, brass, with flattened base (probably portion of a larger object) ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 2 in. diam. 13 Candlestick (base), a circular disc of brass, with hole in centre, decorated with floral sprays, and having four curious oblong looped projections under (perhaps the base of a candlestick) ; probably XVII Cent. ; 4 in. diam. J.B.A.A., vol. xxix, p. 87. CANDLEHOLDER, CHALK. 14 Candleholder, grey chalk, of square form, with tubular socket, round which is a deep groove; XVI Cent.; 3^ in. h., 5 in. w. London Wall. CANDLEHOLDERS, IRON AND STEEL. 15 Candleholder, iron, with central shaft and three prickets (originally with three feet) ; XVI Cent. ; 16 in. h. PI. LXXXV, 9. London. 16 Candleholder or pricket, iron, with tripod feet ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. h. PI. LXXXV, 6. 314 MEDIEVAL LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 17 Candleholder, iron, central stem, curved side pieces, central shaft spirally fluted, with imperfect tripod base ; XVI Cent. ; 12| in. h. London. 18 Candleholder, mural, with socket and spike ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. h. Corbet Court, 1872. 19 Candleholder, iron, with straight central shaft and curved side pieces ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. h. London. 20 Candlestick, iron, with tubular socket and spike at right angles for driving into the wall ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. h., 4| in. 1. London Wall. 21 Candleholder, tripod, iron, with double socket and pricket in centre ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h. PI. LXXXV, 7. Grace- church Street. 22 Candleholder, iron, mural, with pricket in centre and a socket pro- jecting at right angles on one side ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 in. h. 23 Candleholder, mural, iron, with tang bent at right angles ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 24-31 Candleholders (eight), iron, some imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. Various localities. 32 Candleholder, iron, trefoil headed, with slender stem ; Tudor ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 33 Candleholder (?), iron, mural, with three sockets, one perpen- dicular, the other two horizontal ; spike at the side for driving into a wall, also what appears to have been a foot ; XVII Cent. ; 8 x 4f in. London. 34 Candleholder, iron, with tubular socket, having a curved base of square section, somewhat pointed at end, to drive into a wall ; XVII Cent. ; 3 X 2 in. London Wall. 35 Candleholder, iron, with long rod, curved above, and terminating below in two sockets ; XVII Cent. ; 124: in. 1. London. 36 Candleholder, iron, central shaft, at one side is a projection ending in a candle socket, the other terminates in a flat circular knob, below is a spike bent at an angle to drive into the wall ; XVII Cent. ; 3f in. h. London. 37 Candleholder, iron, with sockets for two lights, and central spike : XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h. PL LXXXV, 5. Brooks' WJiarf, 1867. 38 Candleholder, iron, with one socket, the other broken away, and portion of the pricket ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. London. 39-40 Candleholders (two), iron, with funnel-shaped nozzle, and spike to insert into a wall ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. London. 41 Candleholder, iron, with spike at right angles for insertion into a wall ; XVII Cent. ; 35 in. h. London. 42 Candleholder, iron, with socket, and tang below for insertion into a stand ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. h. 43 Candlestand, iron, with socket, on short slender stem, supported by three curved feet ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h. London. 44 Candlestick, cast iron, with flat base, supported on three feet, having a slender shaft from which the socket projects at right angles; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. h., 4^ in. diam. London. MEDIAEVAL LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 315 45 Candleholder, beam (loop missing), with crossbar 4 in. l. T originally with a nozzle at each end ; XVII Cent. ; 9 in. h_ London. 46 Candleholder, iron, consisting of a staple (with loop at one eud) r to the centre of which is attached the socket for the candle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. h. 47 Candlestick, iron, on three curved feet, socket for candle, a bowl beneath, from which projects a simple curved handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. h. PI. LXXXV, 10. London. 48-49 Caudleholders (two), of large size, steel, consisting of a slender movable rod attached by a loop to a toothed plate, the light could thus be raised or lowered, at head of the plate is an ornament ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 18 and 32 in. 50 Candleholder, iron, consisting of a long slender rod, with knob at upper end, to which is attached a sliding socket, with spring, to hold the candle ; the whole is upon an octagonal wooden stand ; XVIII Cent. ; 49 in. h. , 10 in. diam. of base. Probably from Sussex. 51 Candleholder, bronze or brass, with pierced socket, flat circular base, and three feet ; probably XVI Cent. ; 3^ in. h. PI. XC, 5. London. 52 Candleholder, iron, three-pronged (one missing) ; 9 in. 1. EMBER TONGS. 53 Pair of ember tongs, steel, with decorated jaws and shafts, a circular opening below joint, flattened handles, with a hook at the end of one of them for suspension ; early XVIII Cent. ; 18| in. 1. J.B.A.A., xxv, p. 260. 54 Ember tongs, steel, jaws in form of an open hand, shafts and handles decorated, spring between handles, and phi with flat head at joint ; XVIII Cent. ; 16 in. 1. 55 Ember tongs, with small jaws, above which is a broad flat projection toothed on inner edge, the shafts are slender, expand- ing into a circular form below the joint, handles slightly decorated, one of them terminating in a hook ; 19 in. 1. J.B.A.A., xxv, 260. 56 Ember tongs, similar, but with plain shafts ; 18| in. 1. LAMPS. 57 Lamp ; support for a vessel or lamp, bronze, consisting of a broad band, ornamented with incised lines and chevrons, having two curved legs (the third is missing), the legs also are decorated ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h. , 4 in. diam. London. 58 Lamp, spirally twisted rod, with loop at one end, and a funnel- shaped termination ending in a loop at the other ; (portion of lianging lamp) ; XVII Cent. ; 10^ in. 1. 59 Crusie, or oil lamp, iron, composed of two shell-shaped valves connected at the back by a vertical strap of iron, this is curved above and pierced, and has a swivel and hook for suspension ; Scotch ; XVIII Cent. ; 12 in. h. 316 MEDIAEVAL LIGHTING APPLIANCES. 60 Lamp, tin, looped handle, spout missing ; early XIX Cent. ; 1J in. b., 2| in. diam. London Wall. MATCHES. 61 Matches ; bundle of matches, of broad flat wood, pointed at each end ; XVIII XIX Cent. RUSH HOLDERS. 62 Rush holder, iron, consisting of a tube with short spike ; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. h. London. 63 Rush holder ( ?), with spirally-twisted stem; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. h. 64 Rush holder, iron, with forceps to hold the rush, on rough wooden stand ; XVIII Cent. ; 10 in. h. 65 Rush holder, the movable portion terminating in a bulb or knob, the whole is mounted on a wooden stand ; XVIII Cent. ; 10 in. h. 66 Rush holder, with forceps and three feet, the movable portion which presses upon the spring is ornamented with a knob ; XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. h. PL LXXXV, 4. 67 Rush holder, iron, with forceps for the rush, and a curved arm terminating in a nozzle for a candle, on turned wooden base ; XVIII Cent. ; 10 in. h. 68 Rush holder, iron, with original wooden base ; XVIII Cent 9i in. 1. SNUFFERS. 69 Snuffers, bronze, with simple curved wire handles, and baluster shaped stems; XIV XV Cent.; 7 in. 1. Walbrook. 70 Snuffers (?), one limb, brass, scissors-shaped, with ornamented handle ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 71 Snuffers, brass, with engraved box ; the handles ornamented with human busts ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 72 Snuffers, brass, somewhat heart-shaped box, decorated with male busts in relief, the one remaining handle is also decorated ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 73 Snuffers, brass, ovate flat box, decorated with masks in relief, female busts on shafts, and elaborately curved looped handles ; probably foreign ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. PI. XC, 4. 74 Snuffers, brass, with flat plate towards end, ribbed shafts and looped handles ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 75 Snuffers, iron or steel, with small flat box at end, grooved wavy lines on shafts, ovate loops for handles ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 76 Snuffers, iron, with flat box, spirally twisted shafts, simple re- curved handles ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 77 Snuffers, steel, with heart-shaped box opening in the centre, and simple recurved handles ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 78 Snuffers, steel, with flattened box, semi-circular above, and simple recurved handles ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. MEDIEVAL MEASURES, ETC. 317 79 Snuffers, iron ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Tabernacle Street. 80 Forked object, brass, used to snuff candles prior to the intro- duction of snuffers. TINDER BOXES. 81 Pistol tinder box, with socket for candle at the end ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1., 3 in. h., 4f in. diam. PI. C, 13. Fore Street. 82 Tinder box, iron, flat circular type, with flint and steel ; XVIII XIX Cent.; IJj in. h., 4 in. diam. PI. LXXXV, 2, 3. 83 Steel, for use with a flint, of usual type, but slender proportions ; XV Cent. (?); &i in. 1. Carmelite Street, Whitefriars, 1902. 84 Steel for use with a flint ; 3| in. 1. 85 Strike-a-light, iron, of oblong form, with re-curved loop at each end ; 3 in. 1. PI. XLVI, 6. London Wall. TORCH EXTINGUISHER. 86 Extinguisher, iron, funnel shaped, with two projections by which the object was attached to a doorway ; 14 in. 1., diam of m. 3 in. Sambrook Court. Used in the XVIII Cent, for extinguishing the torches of foot servants. 87 Torch holder (?), iron, consisting of a large ring toothed on the inner edge, attached to a long hollow socket ; XVI Cent. ; 17$ in. 1. WARMING BOX. 88 Warming box, in bronze, for the hands, of globular form. It opens in the middle, a central bolt unscrewing and allowing the object to fall into two halves ; heating effected by means of a removable mass of iron, pierced in the centre and held in position by the central bolt ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. diam. PI. XC, 8. London. MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XXIII. MKASURES, SCALES AND WEIGHTS. MEASURES OF LENGTH. 1 Measure, brass, inscribed " For the use of Coleman Streets Ward Thomas Moffett Foreman and Comptroller 1674." ; 36 in. 1. 2 Measure, brass, inscribed "CASTLE BAYNARD WARD 1776 i ELL." S. Whitford Fecit. ; 45 in. 1. MEASURES OF CAPACITY. 3 Measure, brass, for one gallon; marked in relief: A. R. , crown above, WINE GALLON 1707, ANNO REGXI vi. ; 9A in. g. diam., 6 in. h. PI. XCVI, 11. 318 MEDIAEVAL MEASURES, ETC. 4 Measure, bushel, wood, brass bound ; on the band at the base is inscribed "JOHN AMY. ESQ K . w jl LOVBDAY. ESQ"- BOB'' BISHOP. ESQ R - M )l EICHV BROOK. M R ROB T EVANS. THO S CHITTY. ESQ"- SETH GROSVENER. ESQ"- JAMES BROOK. ESQ U M 11 JEREMIAH MABLOW. M 11 WILLIAM PARKER. MABCH. 1745." On the base is impressed " Imperial corn bushel measure 1826," on metal band across base is incised " Invent d by John Savidge in Tower Street, London 1744." On the sides at intervals are V.R. with crown above, the City arms and S.M. below, and near one handle 1745, 6, 7, 69, 74. Within the measure are impressed G and a dagger surmounted by a crown ; G IV surmounted by a crown, City arms, and S. M. below; and V. R. with crown and City arms; 24 in. diam., 9^ in. h. Corn Meters' Office. 5 Stand, circular, oak, for above measure; 10 in. h., 34 in. diam. 6 Measure, wood, funnel shaped, with spout below; 28 in. h., 27 in. w., 16^ in. diam. Corn Meters' Office. 7-11 Measures (set of five), brass, all inscribed " COLEMAN STREET WARD 1826 " : A " Imperial Quart," 5 X 4 in. ; B " Imperial Pint," 4 x 3f in. ; C " Imperial Half Pint." 3| X 3 in. ; D " Imperial Gill," 2| X 2i in. ; E " Imperial Half Gill," 2 X 2 in. 12 Wine measure, pewter, inscribed " Henry Fuller att y e three crownes in charts streett " ; mark HR and crown ; temp. Henry VIII ( ?) ; 5^ in. h. ? 3^ in. b., 5| in. g. diam., 3^ in. m. Southwark. 13 Wine measure, gill, pewter, no lid, on the rim is stamped i. s. 1672 and a flower ( ? ) ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. h. London Wall. 14 Wine measure, pewter, maker's mark M A and a demi-figure, crowned, bearing a sword upon his shoulder ; lid marked in similar manner; XVI (?) Cent. ; 4| in. h., 2| in. g. diam. Moor fields. 15 Wine measure, pint, ordinary form, on lid are stamped six devices, consisting of a Tudor rose and G . E on five, a rose and G T T on the sixth ; on edge of rim is a crown, J P incised on body ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. h., 5 in. g. diam., 3 in. b., 3| in. lid. PI. XCII, 5. Thames, London. J.B.A.A., xxxi, p. 102. 16 Wine measure, pewter ; imperfect ; inscribed " Mary Francum at ye horseshoe in West Harding Street, Fetter Lane," marked IR and crown ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. h. Southwark. 17 Wine measure, pewter, with handle and hinged lid inscribed F.E; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. h., 2| in. diam. 18 Wine measure, pint, pewter, lid impressed with circles, a crown, G 2D R, the initials R.T., and inscribed RICH. TVCKER BY. LONDON WALL. The lid has a curious T-shaped thumb piece ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. h. PI. XCII, 4. Moorfields. 19 Wine measure, pewter, with lid of usual form, having a fleur-de- lis on hinge plate, marked COMYN & ROWDEN CORNHILL and the Royal arms; on the rim is stamped the City dagger; circa 1770; 3| x 2 in. London. .20 Measure, copper, in form of a jug ; inscribed " Wine Gallon 1773," with the City arms; 9 in. h., 6 in. diam. See also p. 303, Nos. 36 to 39. MEDIEVAL .MEASURES, ETC. 319 SCALES AND WEIGHTS. 21 Scale bowl, brass, with three holes in edge, border decorated with band of stars, the centre bearing au impressed mark, a wing or flame within a beaded circle ; XVI Cent. ; 2i in. diam. London Watt. 22 Scale plate, brass, triangular, with stamped device in centre, consisting of a reversed L crowned ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. diam. London Wall. 23 Scale plate, brass, triangular, device in centre ; XVI Cent. ; 1| in. diam. Kennard's Wharf, 1870. 24 Iron object, resembling a scale beam, but curved ; XVI Cent. ; 6g in. 1. London Wall. 25 Scale beam, iron, ordinary type ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London Wall. 26 Scale plate, brass, triangular, with heart, an arrow-head, and I stamped in centre ; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. h. Brooks' Wharf, 1868. 27 Scale bowl, brass, incised lines on body ; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. diam. Brooks' Wharf, 1868. 28 Scales, pair, for a goldsmith or apothecary ; XVII Cent. ; 2{j in. h., 5 in. 1. 29 Weight, brass, for 2 oz. (?), with marks, a dagger, crown, and a flagon, A stamped near the dagger ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. diam., \ in. thick. London Wall. 30 Weight, iron, octagonal, bearing the following inscription : " Weight of Quartern Loaf, Sold by James Bull, 124 Leaden Hall St.," this surrounds a rectangular frame within which is 4LB 5oz 8 DT * 1804. By Permission of The R< Hon b '<= the Lord Mayor"; 3 x 2 x 2 in. 31 Weight, iron, in three sections, each inscribed " City fruit meters, 56 fts" ; 9 in. h., 12 in. diam. 32 Weight, iron, in form of City shield ; XIX Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 33-56 Twenty-four steel dies used in stamping the weights and measures used in the City of London during the reign of the late Queen Victoria. 57 Balance, iron ; imperfect ; Tudor. London Wall. 58 Coin weights (twenty-four), of various periods. 59 (.4) Box of goldsmith's scales and weights; maker, Read in St. Ann's Lane, near Aldersgate, London ; XVIII Cent. ; 5| X 2 in. (#) Another; maker, R. Vincent, No. 1, London Bridge; late XVIII Cent. ; 5J X 2 in. 60 The set of standard weights and measures formerly used in the Ward of Dowgate. Presented by Alderman Sir George Wyatt Truscott, 1908. 320 MEDIAEVAL ' AND LATER PERIODS. XXIV. LEADEN TOKENS, CLOTH-MARKS, ETC. The "tokens" average J in. diam. and bear various devices on one face, the other is often plain. What they were actually used for is not decided ; they were perhaps used as money, and are chiefly of the XV XVI Centuries. The cloth- marks are later, and sometimes dated ; they were used to fasten the ends of the rolls of cloth, and have usually either a loop, or a perforation for the cord. 1 Obv. : I. I. Rev. : 1712 ( ? ), in two lines. 2 Obv. : A heart upon two arrows in saltire. Rev. : Plain. 3 Obv. : An olive branch (?). Rev. : Plain. 4 Obv. : A six-pointed star, or flower. Rev. : Plain. 5 Obv. : A. monogram or cypher. Rev. : Plain. 6 Obv. : Head of a bishop with pastoral staff. Rev. : A cross, in the upper angles, a crescent and a star; in the lower, Keys of St. Peter; XIII Cent. 7 Obv. A cross and four pellets. Rev. : An anchor and two pellets. 8 Obv. A sexafoil within a reticulated border. Rev. A flower or star within a quatrefoil with reticulated angles 9 Obv. A cross with double chevrons in each angle. Rev. Plain (?). 10 Obv. The letters C. M., with a pellet between. Rev. Three stars round a pellet. 11 Obv. A head to right. Rev. : The letters I. C. 12 Obv. The letters W. S., the latter reversed. Rev. : A lozenge (?). 13 Lead n badge, with loop for suspension. Obv. The letter A, crowned within a legend, HOLSTEINES. CHE. DRAT Rev. : A monogram or merchant's mark. 14 Obv. Full length ecclesiastical figure, with pearled nimbus and legen 1 at side. Rev. Inscription in Greek (?). imperfect. 15 Leaden cloth mark, one half missing. Within a wreath an armorial shield ; above S. S. ; beneath, 1605. 16 Half of leaden badge ; 2 in. diam. Three objects, resembling crowns, within a pearled circle, and portion of date - - 71. Legend indistinct and imperfect, PONE DVYTSC . 17 Obv. : A lion rampant. Rev. : A small cone-shaped fastening at back. 18 Obv. : A shield. Rev. : Plain. 19 Obv. : Two crowns between two towers, with initials I. W. below. Rev. : An armorial shield. 20 Obv. : The initials W. H. above D. P. Rev. : The numerals 170, with 5 above ; beneath, a cock. MEDIEVAL LEADEN CLOTH-MARKS, ETC. 321 21 Obv. : Within a circle the letters T. R. P. reversed, on two lines, with pellets on each side of the letters and three below. Rev. : A crown or fleur-de-lis, with three pellets above. 22 Four Bs placed face to face in pairs, each pair surmounted by a crown, a scroll ornament below, within a circle FIN. SORTEN. VAN. BOMBASINEN. 23 Obv. : Within a circle E. T. , with reversed heart-shaped object below, outside the circle four pellets equidistant. Rev. the c Within a circle a cross, with 1703 (?) in angles ; outside rcle four pellets as in obverse. 24 Obv. impos Rev. A figure resembling two Cs placed back to back, super- ed on a cross ; in angles two crosslets and the numerals 86. Indistinct. 25 Obv. 1621. Within a circle a cock, with legend COXALL - 100 - BATES, Rev. TM Within a circle a ship, legend WALTER N[IC]HOLES : MAKING. The two discs are united by a narrow strip of metal, and have, one a loop and the other a tag, to fasten the mark to the cloth. 26 Obv. : A spread eagle. [Badge.] Rev. : An armorial shield, on the dexter side two knives in saltire ; on the sinister, a three-legged pot. 27 Leaden convex badge, with pearled edge. The design is a heart, surmounted by the numeral 4, and divided into three compart- ments, containing the letters E. I. C. , V above. [East India Company.] 28 Obv. : A seat (?). Rev. : The letter T, and scrolls. 29 Obv. : Within a circle, similar to the above, the letters I. F. Rev. : Plain. 30 Obv. : An eight-pointed star. Rev. : W. F. 31 Obv. : I. R., with the numerals 168 reversed. Rev. : A rayed pellet. 32 Obv. : The letters B. W. Rev. : A pellet. 33 Obc. : The letters B. P. Rev. : A fleur-de-lis ( ? ). 34 Obv. Inscription in three lines ; indistinct. Rev. N. 25. in two lines, between small floral ornaments. 35 A fie r-de-lis. 36 Obv. I. W., with true lover's-knot. Rev. A woolsack, with the letters W. B. ( ?) 37 Obv. A mitre and crosier in a circle, within a septafoil. Rev. A cross, with three pellets in each angle. 38 Obv. A rose, within a pearled circle. Rev. A pheon, with the initials J. H. 39 Obv. A bcttle and glass, wine flowing from one to the other; above three pellets. Rev. N. D. 40 An anchor. 22 322 MEDIAEVAL LEADEN CLOTH-MARKS, ETC. t uov. Rev. 45 Obv. 46 47 A sh Obv. Rev. circle 48 Obv. Rev. 49 Obv. Rev. 50 Obv. pelle Rev. 51 Obv. Inscription across field, WORSTED REFORMED. 41 between two floral scrolls. Rev. : Indistinct. 41 A fleur-de-lis. 42 A shield. 43 A wheel-like object, with pellets between spokes. Inscription 41 between A beehive. Armorial shield within a circle ; legend indistinct. A five petalled flower, with pellet in each angle, within a legend indistinct. A design formed of segments of circles within a square. A cross above a similar design, within a circle of dots. Floral design within a circle. An eight-petalled flower within concentric circles. A bird looking backward at a small cross formed of four A Maltese cross on a reticulated ground. A monogram or maker's mark. Rev. : P. S. 52 Obv. and Rev. : Divided into quarters, the lines in each quarter at right angles to those adjoining. 53 Obi:. : A fleur-de-lis. Rev.: I. B. 54 Obv. : A crowned head, full face. Rev. : An object like a fleur-de-lis ; branches of tree above. 55 Obv. and Rev. : A six-petalled flower on a reticulated ground. 56 Obv. : A cross, with pellet in each angle. Rev. : Plain. 57 Obv. : A bird looking backward at a circle, and pellet above. Rev. A cross. 58 Obv. Geometrical design. Rev. : Radiating cui-ved lines. 59 Obv. A six-petalled flower within a circle. Rev. Radiating lines, terminating in pellets within a circle 60 Obv. An open hand, with pellets in palm, within a circle. Rev. A cross within a circle, with pellets in angles. 61 Obv. A cup within a circle. Rev. Cross within a circle, annulets and pellets in angles. 62 Obv. A leather bottle. Rev. : Same as No. 61. 63 Obr. A harp. Rev. : A shield. 64 Obv. Curved radiating lines. Rev. A cross, three pellets in each angle. 65 Obv. A bear. Rev. : A tree and the initials M. P. 67 68 Obv. Rev. two Obv. Obv. Rev. D O. H. A star above, and a cross or fleur-de-lis between >ellets below. A full-faced head, crowned. Rev. : A shield of arms. The letter I between two pellets. The letter B between two pellets. MEDIAEVAL LEADEN CLOTH-MARKS, ETC. 323 69 Obv. Rev. Two keys in saltire, within a circle. A cross within a circle, a pellet in each angle. 70 Obv. Rev. angle A crescent and star within a circle. A cross within a circle, with annulet and pellet in each 71 Obv. Rev. The letter S with a bar across, and pellet. A wheel with six projections on outer edge. 72 Obv. A shield. Rev. Same as No. 70. 73 Obv. Rev. Shield bearing a cross, within a circle. Same as No. 70. 74 Obv. An axe-head. Rev. . at ri; Divided into four sections, each section with lines bt angles to the other. running 75 Obv. Rev. A shield bearing a chevron. Same as No. 74. 76 Obv. Rev. On a reticulated ground, a shield bearing a cross. Same as No. 74, within a circle. 11 Obv. A reticulated shield. Rev. Curved lines radiating from a centre. 78 Obv. abov Rev. A shield on reticulated ground, charged with a , two pellets. A reticulated cross, with pellets in each angle. cross : 79 A crc ss, with a pellet in each angle. 80 The nitials I. A. W. 81 Obv. A face within a circle. Rev. A six-petalled flower on a reticulated ground. 82 Obv. A shield. Rev. : Chrysanthemum design. 83 Obv. A bear. Rev. : A fleur-de-lis within a circle. 84 Ofev. A crown (?). Rev. : A foliated cross, with pellets in angles. 85 Obv. A ship. Rev. : A shield. 86 O&w. Monogram T N. Rev. : Letter A. 87 O&v. A swan. Rev. : Monogram, H P. 88 Obv. A three-legged pot. Rev. : The Royal arms. 89 0iw. A geometrical design. Rev. : A broad reticulated cross. 90 Obv. and 7?ev. : A geometrical design. 91 Obv. and Rev. : Broad reticulated cross. 92 Obv. : A shield within a circle. Rev. : A cross, with annulets in angles. 93 Obv. : A fleur-de-lis. Rev. : Plain. 94 Obv. and Rev. : A four-petalled flower on a reticulated ground. 95 The letter P, surmounted by a small five-petalled flower, on either side of the P the letters I and K. 22* 324 MEDIAEVAL LEADEN CLOTH-MARKS, ETC. 96 Obv. : A Gothic M within a border. Rev. : A cross with annulets in angles 97 Ob c. : Phallus (?), w,ithin a border. Rev. : Cross, with annulets in angles. 98 Obv. : A face. Rev. : An arrangement of lines in ridges. 99 Ob v. : A six-petalled flower. Rec. : Plain. 100 Obv. : Shield, charges indistinct. Rev. : Similar to No. 97. 101 Obv. : A flower, terminating in three trefoils. Rev. : Same as No. 97. 102 Obv. : Two keys in saltire. Rev. : Similar to No. 97. 103 The letter E ou obverse, C on the reverse. 104 Obv. : Small old English d, with pellet in circle. Rev. : A small cross in circle, or a wheel, with pellet in angles. 105 Obv. : A shield (?). Rev. : Plain cross extending to outer edge, with pellets in angles 106 Obv. : A many petalled flower. Rev. : A reticulated cross. 107 Obv. : R. Rev. : W. W, with pellet between. 108 A pair of shears. 109 A. B. cross above. Cloth mark. 110 Obv. : A sexafoil on a reticulated ground. Rev. : A quatrefoil on the same. 111 Obv. : H. F. Rev. : Plain. 112 Obv. : A crowned rose. Rev. : Same as No. 74. 113 Obv. : A bee (?). Rev. : I. B. 114 Obv. : Y-shaped object. Rev. : I. R. H. (?) 115 Obv. : A rose, within a circle. Rev. : A cross moline, with annulets in angles. 116 Obv. and Rev. : A shield of arms. 117 Obi-. : Letter T and pellets with border. Rev. : A ship. 118 Obv. : A face in profile. Rev. : A shield. 119 Obv. : A crescent. Rev. : Shield of arms, surmounted by T. S. 120 Obv. : A wheel. Rev. : Plain. 121 122 Obv. : Two keys in saltire. Rev. : Cross with annulets in angles 123-124 Similar to No. 99, with addition of pellet in obverse. 125 Obv. : A shield or arms. Rev. : Plain. 126 Obv. : A shield ( ?). Rev. : A broad reticulated cross. 127 Obf. : A cinquefoil. Rev. : Letter I. 128 Obc. -. Armorial (?). Rev. : A broad, plain cross. 129 Obv. : A sexafoil. pellets between. Rev. : Plain. 130 Obv. : A shield with Cross of St. George. Rev. : Cross, with annulets in angles. MEDIAEVAL LEADEN CLOTH-MARKS, ETC. 325 131 Obv. : Gothic T. Rev. : A star. 132 Obv. : A fleur-de-lis. Rev. : Indistinct. 133 Obv. : A fleur-de-lis. Rev. : Plain. 134 Obv. : Tudor rose, surmounted by a crown, on one side the numeral 6. Rev. : Plain. 135 Thistle, crowned, as above, with numeral 3. 136 The arms of England, surmounted by a crown ; on each side of shield a small rose, and on right hand the numeral 1. 137 Obv. : Branch of a tree. Rev. : Plain. 138 A flower within an ornamental border. 139 Obv. : Shield, with cross. Rev. : A shield. 140 Obv. : Reticulated design. Rev. : Plain. 141 A shield charged with two keys in saltire, supported by two lions rampant. 142 Device resembling a tree. Tliames, Wandsworth. 143 A cross, with a pellet in each angle. 144 A lion rampant, with loop for suspension. [A badge.] 145 Cloth-mark, lead, consisting of two discs joined together by a strap of metal ; on one side is the letter I and the Royal crown, on the other, the monogram A R and crown ; on the back is a bust of James II ; 1 in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 146 Tokens. Hoard of pewter tokens in a small shallow bowl of green-glazed reddish ware. Obv. : A cross of single lines, with pellets between the limbs, inscription (?) around rim. Rev. : A cross of double lines with pellets between the limbs ; Tudor ; tokens, 3 in. diam. ; bowl, 5 in. diam., If in. h. St. Martin's- le- Grand. 147 Token or medalet, pewter, tree within a border ; inscribed ODER STAD BOC AFE; XVI XVII Cent. ; 1-& in. diam. PI. LXIX, 4. London Wall. MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XXV. PILGRIMS' SIGNS, RELIGIOUS EMBLEMS, ETC. These objects are of pewter or lead, except where otherwise described. REPRESENTATIONS OF OUR LORD. 1 Nimbed recumbent figure of the infant Saviour, covered with a richly-ornamented pall ; this object shows traces of gilding ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Thames. 2 Recumbent infant figure, the body swathed with crossed bands ; XIV Cent. ; U in. 326 MEDIEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 3 Circular badge, with loop, consisting of an angel holding chalice and palm branch, with legend GLORIA ix EXCELSIS ; XVI Cent. (?) ; 14 in. 1. 4 Star, of six wavy rays (the Star of Bethlehem), showing traces of gilding ; XIV "Cent. ; 1 in. 5-6 Stars (two), similar, six-pointed ; XIV Cent. ; 14 and 1 it in. 7 Star of Bethlehem, a small disc, bearing a star with six wavy points within a nimbus, with pin at back ; XV Cent. ; f in. 8 Star of Bethlehem, with five points ; XV Cent. ; | in. diam. 9 Head of Christ within a nimbus ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 10 Head of Christ, within a nimbus of circles and dots ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 11 Vernicle; embossed disc of brass, with head of the Saviour within a broad decorated border ; XIV Cent. : 14 in. PI. LXXVIII, 5. Dowgate Hill, 1869 12 The sacred monogram, t 1} C within a nimbus ; XV Cent. ; 14 in. 13 Crucifix, under a canopy, at the side stands a nimbed figure ; imperfect ; XIII Cent. ; li in. Brooks' Wharf. 14 Crucifix, a figure standing on either side, within a sexafoil ; XIV Cent. ; 1 x 14 in. Thames, 1868. 15 Crucifix, limbs of cross terminating in fleurs-de-lis, loop at top for suspension ; XIV Cent. ; 1^ in. 16 Crucifix, portion only, with pin at back ; the figure of the Saviour is crowned, and the cross is covered with hatched lines ; imperfect ; XIV Cent. ; 14 in. 17 Crucifix, on a rectangular base, represented as in blossom, remains of two small figures at the foot of the cross ; imperfect ; XV Cent. ; 24 in. 18 Crucifix, somewhat similar to the above ; imperfect ; XV Cent. ; 24 in. 19 Crucifix, portion only, with label inscribed i N R i ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 20 Crucifix, inscribed i x R i ; XIV XV Cent. ; 3f X 2f in. PL LXXIX, 2. 21-25 Portions of crucifixes (five) ; XIII XV Cent. 26 Crucifix ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. Dowgate Hill. 27 Crucifix, brass, inscribed on one face, IESVS, on the other MARIA j XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 28 Crucifix, brass, limbs floriated at ends, boss and remains of screw at base ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3| in. h. London. 29 Cross, surrounded by a nimbus, having a quatrefoil between each limb, and a circlet in the centre, symbols of the five wounds of Christ ; XIV Cent. ; 14 X 14 in. Thames Street, 1867. J.B.A.A., xxiii, pi. 16, fig. 10. 30 Cross, nimbed, with circlets, representing the five wounds of Christ ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in.- diam. PI. LXXX, 2. MEDIAEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. H27 31 Disc, terra-cotta, with head of the Saviour on either face. Queen- hithe, 1868. 32 Reliquary, circular, one face of frame decorated with fleur-de-lis, resembling the Gothic ff\, within the frame are two warriors, face to face, armed with broad swords, between them is an object perhaps intended for a tree ; they probably represent the guard placed at the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem ; circa XII Cent. ; 2 in. diam. Thames, Brooks' Wharf, 1868. J.B.A.A., xxvi, pi. 17, fig. 2. THE VIRGIN MARY. 33 Annunciation ; a rectangular frame enclosing a representation of the angel appearing to the Virgin Mary ; XIV Cent. ; If X li in. PI. LXXVIII, 1. 34 Annunciation ; brass, a small lozenge-shaped frame representing the Virgin kneeling before an open book on a stand, an angel kneeling at her right ; above, an inscribed label; 1^ X 1^ in. PI. LXXIX, 1. 35 Virgin Mary, seated within a tabernacle, supporting the infant Christ on her right arm, and holding a sceptre in the left ; beneath is a rebus, consisting of the word " pul," followed by the figure of a cask or tun, " PTTL TON," perhaps referring to the abbey of Wilton ; probably XIII Cent. ; 1 in. h. Brooks' Wharf. 36 Virgin Mary, crowned, under a canopy, holding a sceptre, carrying the infant Saviour on her left arm ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Thames. 1868. 37 Virgin Mary and the infant Christ, seated, within a quatre- foil ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Thames Embankment. 38 Virgin Mary, standing on a crescent or ship, holding the infant Saviour ; XIV Cent. ; | in. Dowgate Hill. A sign of our Lady of Loretto. J.B.A.A., xii, p. 264. 39 Virgin Mary, portion of a similar sign ; XIV Cent. ; | in. diam Thames. 40 Virgin Mary, standing on a crescent as above ; XIV Cent. ; | in 41-44 Virgin Mary, three similar figures ; one imperfect ; XIV Cent. 45 Virgin and infant Saviour, standing on a crescent ; the Virgin holds an open book in one hand ; XIV XV Cent. ; 1^ in. 46 Virgin Mary, circular badge, brass, with figure of the Virgin and Child within a ship, on the prow and stern of the vessel are winged figures, the whole device within a cabled border ; XIV XV Cent.; li in. diam. London Wall, 1902. 47 Virgin and infant Saviour ; two discs of brass, riveted together, the upper one bearing a representation of the Virgin, crowned and enthroned, holding the infant Jesus, within a cable-edged border ; XIV XV Cent. ; H in. PI. LXXVIII, 15. Doivgate Hill. 48 Virgin Mary, crowned, the infant Saviour on her arm, and a sceptre in her left hand ; XIV XV Cent. ; If in. Steelyard. 328 MEDIAEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 49 Virgin Mary ; figure of the Virgin, holding the infant Saviour, standing on a crescent with pearled edge ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. Black friars, 1867. J.B.A.A., xxiv, pi. 17, fig. 2. 50 Virgin Mary; figure of the Virgin (head missing), with scroll inscribed AVE MARIA ; XIV XV Cent. ; If in. 51 Virgin Mary, crowned ; XIV Cent. ; If in. 52 Virgin Mary (?), portion of a figure with a dragon under her feet, inscribed AVE MARIA beneath ; XIV Cent. ; | in. 53 Virgin Mary, the letter M (two), one with rosette on central stem ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. diam. PI. LXXVIII, 2, 7. 54 Fleur-de-lis, within a nimbus with pearled edge (the Virgin Mary); XIII XIV Cent.; 1& in. Queenhithe. 55 Fleur-de-lis, surrounded by a nimbus (the Virgin Mary) ; XIV Cent. ; f in. diam. Thames Street, 1867. J.B.A.A., xxiii, pi. 16, fig. 11. 56 Fleur-de-lis (the Virgin Mary) ; XIV Cent. ; | in. diam. 57 Fleur-de-lis ; circular pendant, with fleur-de-lis in centre, sur- rounded by a beaded border, to which is attached a fragment of chain, lead ; XIV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. 58 Fleur-de-lis, lead, with pin at back ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. PATRIARCHS AND APOSTLES. 59 Wrestling figures (two) ; imperfect ; perhaps Jacob and the Angel at Bethel ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. Kennard's Wharf, 1870. 60 Heart, pierced, with pearled edge, from the top of which spring three stems, each terminating in a quatrefoil (Saint Joseph?) ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Thames Embankment. 61 John the Baptist, Saint, kneeling (headless) in his garment of camel's hair, his hands tied to a tree, in front is a sword with a hand near the hilt ; probably a portion of a larger object ; XIV Cent. ; lit in. Thames Embankment. J.B.A.A., xxi, pi. 9, fig. 6. 62 John the Baptist, Saint, dressed in a skin, carrying a staff, and wearing a hood, or " liripipe " ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 63 John, Saint ; eagle with extended wings, symbol of St. John, in brass ; XIV XV Cent. ; 1| in. PI. LXXIX, 3. 64 Cock (Saint Peter?) ; XIV XV Cent. ; f in. 65 Chrismatory, latten, formed of three conjoined cup-shaped recep- tacles, arranged in form of a trefoil, each is 1^ in. deep, and 1A in. diam. m. The lid is inscribed on the inside S. D. I., and on the outside C. S. ; 3 X 2 in. PI. XCIII, 11. 66 Sword-blade, pewter, with groove down the centre and plain cross guard (handle missing), perhaps a badge or sign of St. Paul ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 67 Mark, Saint; a sexafoil, in the centre of which is a lion's face; 3 in. diam. Fenchurch Street, 1872. MEDIEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 329 68 Reliquary, in form of a spheroid of open-work tracery about If in. diam. , containing portions of pecten shells (Saint James of Com- postella) ; XIV XV Cent. PI. LXXX, 14. Thames. J.B.A.A., xxvi, pi. 17, fig. 3. 69 Reliquary, similar, portion only ; XV Cent. ; 2f in. PL LXXX, 10. Steelyard, 1864. 70 Reliquary, consisting of a hemisphere of openwork tracery, which probably contained fragments of pecten or cockle shells (Saint James of Compostella) ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2| in. PI. LXXVIII, 11, Brooks' Wharf, 1869. 71 Reliquary, similar ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2 in. PI. LXXX, 12. Qiieenhithe. 72 Pecten shell (Pecten Jacobseus) ; XIV XV Cent. ; | x ! in. Steelyard, 1865. 73 Effigy, lead, of an old man wrapped in a cloak, leaning on a staff ; probably from a cistern front; c.f. a similar figure, p. 156, No. 22; XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 3| in. w. SAINTS AND MARTYRS. 74 Agnes (?), Saint; a dove, crowned and wearing a collar, with ring attached ; XIV Cent. ; 1 J in. Steelyard. 75 Agnes, Saint ; lamb, with collar round neck, and portion of inscribed label at feet ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Thames, 1870. 76 Alban, Saint, or Agnes, Saint ; the letter A crowned, limbs terminating in bosses ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. PI. LXXVIII, 12. 77 Cross ; a tau cross with figure of Christ crucified, having loop at base (Saint Anthony) ; XIV Cent. ; l in. 78 Barbara, Saint, holding a peacock's feather and a representation of a tower; XIV XV Cent. ; 1 in. PI. LXXX, 11. 79 Feather, pin at back (Saint Barbara) ; probably XIV Cent. ; 2f in. 80 Feather (Saint Barbara) ; probably XIV Cent. ; 2| in. Earl Street, Blackfriars. 81 Barbara, Saint, a bundle of rods, feathered at the upper end, and tied with broad ribbons ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. PI. LXXVIH, 6. Queenhithe, 1869. 82 Blaise, Saint ; a comb, with double row of teeth, divided by a foliated bar in the centre ; XIII XIV Cent. ; lin. PI. LXXX, 4. Dowgate Hill. 83 Catherine (?), Saint, figure; XIV Cent. ; 3 in. PI. LXXIX, 9 Dowgate. 84 Catherine, Saint ; wheel, with curved points projecting from outer edge ; XIV Cent. ; If in. PI. LXXVUI, 13. Brooks' Wharf. 85 Cuthbert (?), Saint, a swan preening its feathers ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Brooks' Wharf, 1866. 86 Dorothv, Saint ; hand holding a rose, probablv portion of a figure of Saint Dorothy ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 830 MEDIAEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 87 Dorothy (?), Saint; figure of a female (head missing), wearing a flowered gown, basket on her left arm, a flower in right hand ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. PI. LXXX, 3. Brooks' Wharf. 88 Head, crowned, with nimbus (St. Edmund or St. Edward) ; in. 89 Edward the Confessor, Saint ; the King on horseback ; below is KADWABDE ; XIV Cent. ; 1| X If in. Westminster. J.B.A.A., xxi, pi. ix, fig. 4. 90 King; figure of a King (Edward the Confessor?); 1| in. Queen- hithe, 1870. 91 King ; figure of a King (Edward the Confessor?) ; 1 in. Queen- hilhe. 92 Head, small, crowned, with pin at back (a badge of Edward the Confessor?) ; 1 in. 93 King ; head of a King (Edward the Confessor?). 94 Head, crowned, with pin at back (Edward the Confessor) ; | in. 95 Head, crowned (Edward the Confessor or Saint Edmund) ; 1 in. Steelyard, 1866. 96 Head, crowned, with a broad ornamented frame (Edward the Confessor ?) ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Dowgate Hill. 97 Erasmus, Saint, as a bishop in full pontificals, giving the blessing with his right hand ; holding a windlass in his left ; XIV Cent. ; 3| in. h. PI. LXXIX, 6. Thames, Dowgate. J.B.A.A., xxi, pi. ix, fig. 3. 98 Erasmus, Saint, similar figure ; 3^ in. h. PL LXXIX, 7. Same locality. 99 Erasmus, Saint, similar figure ; 3^ in. h. PL LXXIX, 4. Same locality. 100 Etheldreda, Saint, with throat exposed, carrying a flowering staff in her right hand, and a book in her left ; XV Cent. ; If in. 1. PL LXXX, 9. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. J.B.A.A., xxiv, pi. 17, fig. 3. 101 Dragon (Saint George or Saint Michael) ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Qiteenhithe, 1869. 102 Knight on horseback, armed, carrying a shield charged with a cross (Saint George?); XIII Cent. ; J in. 103 Disc, brass, with representation of Saint George and the Dragon in repousse ; 1 in. diarn. London. 104 Fish ; figure of a fish resembling a pike (Saint Gregory of Tours?) ; XIV Cent. ; li in. 105 Horn, with loop for suspension (Saint Hubert or Saint Eustace) ; XIV Cent. ; 2& in. 106 Horn, hunting (Saint Hubert) ; XIV Cent. ; 1-| in. Brook*' Wharf, 1868. 107 Hart, lying down by a tree (Saint Hubert) ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. MEDIEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 381 108 Kenelm, Saint, King of Mercia ; a large K within a frame, deco- rated with circles; XIV Cent.; U in. diam. PI. LXXVIII, 14. Brick Hill Lane. J.B.A.A., xix, p. 98. 109 Leonard, Saint, wearing a mitre, clad in a rich chasuble having a broad cross in front ; in one hand he holds fetters, and in his left the pastoral staff, beneath is s. LENARD ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. h. 110 Leonard, Saint, portion of similar figure; XIV Cent.; l-j^ in. Thames, London Bridge. J.B.A.A., xix, pi. viii, fig. 8. 111 Leonard, Saint, without label at feet ; XIV Cent. ; If in. 112 Leonard, Saint, portion of figure, with inscription ; XIV Cent. ; li in. 113 Leonard, Saint, portion of figure; XIV Cent.; 1^ in. Steelyard, 1866. 114 Longinus, Saint (?), small figure, holding a spear; XIV Cent.; 1| in. Steelyard. 115 Martina (?), Saint; figure of a female, holding a bifurcated staff or two-pronged fork; XIV Cent.; 1| in. PI. LXXX, 1. Steel- yard. 116 Brooch in form of a gipciere, or purse (Saint Nicholas?) ; XIV XV Cent. ; | X 1 in. 117 Richard, Saint, of Chichester ; small rectangular plate, with embossed hand and arm, the fingers are placed as in the act of giving the benediction; XIV Cent. ; U in. 1. PI. LXXVIII, 3. J.B.A.A., xxiv, p. 227. 118 Eagle, double-headed, within a square frame (Richard, King of the Romans?) ; 1^ X 1 in. Thames, Queenhithe. 119 Schorn, Master Johannes, an ecclesiastic, in gown and cape, stand- ing in a polygonal pulpit, beneath a canopy of five crocketed pinnacles ; on each side of the preacher's head is a minute figure, beneath is a band, inscribed MA IO SCO ; Master Schorn was Rector of North Marston, Buckinghamshire, 1290 ; XIV Cent. ; 2 X li in. PI. LXXIX, 8. J.B.A.A., xxiii, p. 256. 120 Master John Schorn in a triangular pulpit, holding in his right hand a boot, in which is the devil ; on the left side, a vase containing a flower ; XIV Cent. ; | in. 121 Templars ; circular badge, brass, of the Knights Templars ; in the centre is a circle enclosing the Lamb and Flag, surrounded by a star-like device of six loops, the upper portions of which are decorated with a trefoil ; round the border is the inscription " Agne (D)ei misere mei qui crim(ina mundi tollis) ; XIV Cent. ; If in. diam. London Wall ('!). 122 The Agnus Dei (cognizance of the Templars) ; XIV* Cent. ; 1 in. 332 MEDIAEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 123 Ampul, bearing on the obverse the effigy of Saint Thomas a Becket, wearing mitre and robes, and bearing the episcopal staff ; on the reverse are two, priests attending a sick person in bed, one of whom holds an open book and a crosier, above them are two figures representing angels ( ?), one holding a cross, the other (in armour) a sword ; on the surrounding band is inscribed : OPTIMUS EGRORUM MEDICCTS FIT TOMA BONORUM ; XII XIII Cent. ; 3 X 3 in. See Roach Smith's "Collectanea Antiqua," vol. ii, pi. 18, for similar object. 124 Thomas a Becket. Shrine, in form of Canterbury Cathedral, on the front is a representation of the Martyrdom of Saint Thomas a Becket, on the reverse are figures within arcades ; at one end is the crucifixion, and at the other the Saint giving the blessing ; the roof is decorated with fleurs-de-lis ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2i x 2 in. PL LXXIX, 5. Steelyard. J.B.A.A., xxi, pi. 9, figs. 1 and 2. 125 Shrine, similar, on the front are five trefoil-headed arches, and the object has figures at either end ; XIII Cent. ; If X 1| in. PI. LXXVIII, 4. Steelyard. J.B.A.A., xxi, p. 194. 126 Thomas a Becket, Saint, on horseback, carrying a pastoral staff ; the horse trappings are decorated with small bells ; XIV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 127 Thomas, Saint, holding a crosier, within a lozenge ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 1^ in. 128 Thomas, Saint, portion of sign, representing his martyrdom ; XIV Cent. ; 14 in. Dowgate Hill. 129 Thomas, Saint, bust of, under a canopy, within a frame, flamboyant, inscribed : SANCTVS THOMAS ; XIV Cent. ; 2| in. Thames. 130 Bust of an ecclesiastic, with mitre surmounted by a small cross (Saint Thomas?) ; XIV Cent. ; If in. Southward 131 Thomas a Becket, Saint, bust of ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. 132 Mitred head within a pearled nimbus, with loop to which is appended an S -shaped link (Saint Thomas) ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Bankside, Thames. 133 Thomas, Saint, head, within a shrine inscribed CAPTTT THOMK in Gothic letters ; XIV XV Cent. ; 34 X 2| in. PI. LXXVIII, 8. Dowgate. 134 Thomas, Saint, head of, pin at back ; If in. Five similar brooches, one imperfect. 135 Portion of another sign, inscribed : CAPUT THOME ; 14 in. 136 Nimbed head of St. Thomas, within a sexafoil ; XIV Cent. ; 14 x 1$ in. PL LXXX, 13. 137 Head, as brooch, inscribed as before; XIV XV Cent. ; 14 in. 138 Broad frame, inscribed : SACTK THOMA OK. P.M. ; XIV Cent. ; li in. MEDIEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 333 139-144 Thomas, Saint, head of, without inscription ; six examples ; |, 1|, 2, and If in. Brooks' Wharf and Thames. 145 Tnomas, Saint, head of, within a foliated pentacle ; XIV Cent. ; li in. Thames, Kennard's Wharf, 1870. 146 Thomas, Saint, head of, within an octofoil ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. Queenhithe, 1870. 147 A broad frame, inscribed : CAPVT THOME t, centre missing ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 148 Thomas, Saint, head of, within a shrine ; beneath, an imperfect inscription, ACTA sci THOME ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. Thames. 149 Thomas a Becket, Saint, inscribed : CAPVT THOME ; XIV Cent. ; If in. 150 Star, six-pointed, or sexafoil, with a broad border, with inscription : SABCT THOME OK PJB, pin and catch at back (Saint Thomas) ; XIV XV Cent ; 1 in. Blackfriars, 1867. J.B.A.A.. xxiv, p. 226. 151 Thomas, Saint ; a quatrefoil, with the letter T in centre, two examples ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. diam. Thames, Queenhithe. 152 The letter T, crowned and neatly pearled, with head of Saint Thomas, two examples ; XIV Cent. ; 1| and 1 in. Thames. 153 The letter T within a broad border (Saint Thomas) ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 154 Pilgrim's bell, traces of inscription round the base, quatrefoil ring for suspension (probably a Canterbury Bell dedicated to St. Thomas) ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 155 Bell, with inscription : THOME s CAMPAN (St. Thomas), three examples ; XIV XV Cent. ; 1 in. 156 Bell, similar, quadrilateral, ornamented with chevrons ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 157 Victor, Saint, of Marseilles, a naked foot; XIV Cent.; l|f in. PL LXXX, 8. 158 Victor, Saint, a foot ; XIV Cent. ; 1J in. PI. LXXX, 7. 159 Victor, Saint, a naked foot; XIV Cent.: f in. PI. LXXX. G. Steelyard, 1866. VARIOUS EMBLEMS. 160 Ampul, or vessel for holding sacred oil, in form of an escallop shell, with lateral loop handles and wide mouth, on one side is an armorial shield, within a circle ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. Thames, near Cannon Street Station, 1867. 161 Ampul, with long neck and side loops, on each side of the body are three armorial bearings ; probably XIV Cent. ; 2 X 1 in. Steelyard, 1866. 162 Ampul, portion only, one face bearing a large patriarchal cross, on either side of which is an oval medallion, bearing some Scriptural or allegorical subject ; on the other face is a trefoil-shaped shield, mantled with circular medallion, surmounted by a cross in the centre ; XIV Cent. ; 2| X 2 in. Steelyard, 1865. 334 MEDIEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 163 Ampul, in form of escallop shell, with wide mouth, and side loops for suspension, on the back is a shield of emblems, sur- rounded by a nimbus ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2| x 1 ^ in. Queeu- hithe, 1866. 164 Ampul, pewter, Tudor rose on one face ; a shield with W in the lower portion on the other ; the mouth is short and broad, with a handle on each shoulder ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. , 2 in. w. Moor fields. 165 A bird ; imperfect ; i in. 166 Collar, or coronet, of thin brass, gilt, with engraved decoration and the letter S between the circular perforations ; imperfect ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Brooks' WJuirf, 1867. 167 Coronet, brass, pierced with oblong openings below ; having a border formed of alternate trefoils and somewhat triangular pro- jections forked at the top. The whole of the face of the object is covered with a pattern of fine wavy lines; 11 in. 1., 1 in. w. PI. XCVI, 5 Queenhithe, 1870. XB.A.A., xxvii, p. 256. These objects (Nos. 166, 167) probably formed part of the deco- ration of sacred effigies. 168 Head of a bishop ; XIV Cent. ; ! in. h. Thames, 1866. J.B.A.A., xxiii, pi. 16, fig. 9. 169 Head of a bishop ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. Brooks' Wharf. 170 Another, similar; 1-^j- in. Thames. 171 Crosier head, representing a face, with bird ornament above ; XIV Cent. ; 1$ in. Thames, 1867. 172 Figure of an ecclesiastic ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. 173 Head of an ecclesiastic ; in. 174 Figure, full-length, with hand outstretched, standing in front of a tree; XIV Cent. ; lH in. 175 Full-faced demi-figure, with hands joined in prayer, under a canopy ; XIV Cent. ; | in. Brooks' Wharf, 1868. 176 Figure from a crucifix, brass ; imperfect ; with traces of gilding ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. London. 177 Figure from a crucifix, bronze or brass, with traces of enamel, the figure is crowned, and the hand and feet are missing ; XII XIII Cent. ; 5 in. h. PL XCVI, 2. London. 178 Full-length female figure, in dress of the period ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 179 Figure of a female, portion ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 180 Headless figure, with one hand on breast ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 1 in. h. 181 Glove, emblem of Saint Thomas ; XIV Cent. ; 1^ in. J.B.A.A., xxiii, pi. 16. 182 A hand, with pin at back ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. 183 Heart, small, with pearled edge and pin at back ; XIII XIV Cent. ; f in. 184 Heart, with pearled border, from the top spring three quatre- foils (one missing) ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. MEDIAEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 335 185 Heart, winged ; XIV Cent. ; f in. 186 Portion of a sign, consisting of a horse's head ; XIV Cent. ; li in. Brooks' Wharf, 1868. 187 Figure of a knight, pewter; XV Cent.; 1 in. h. Queenhithe, 1870. 188 The letter P, limbs terminating in fleur-de-lis ; XIV Cent. ; 1^ in. PI. Lxxvm, 10. 189 Reliquary, in form of a chest with trellis and boss decoration ; on the front is a figure of a soldier, trying the lock with his spear; XIV Cent. ; | X If in. 190 Reliquary, consisting of an oval bronze box, glazed on two sides, with ornamental bosses, and loop for suspension ; it appears to contain fragments of bone ; XV Cent. ; 2 X 2 in. West Side, Dowgale Hill, 1869. 191 Reliquary (?), portion; XIV Cent. ; 2^ in. 1. 192 Reliquary, resembling an early form of padlock, with bar and loop for suspension, and inscription on side; XIV XV Cent.; 14 X li in. 193 Reliquary, in form of a pilgrim's bottle; XIV XV Cent. ; 1 in. 1. 194 Reliquary, portion only, of open interlaced work ; XV Cent. ; If in. PI. LXXX, 5. London Wall, 1866. 195 Reliquary, in form of a star, with sixteen flamboyant r .iys, centre filled with glass ; the metal disc at the back bears the emblem of the Passion and I H S; XV Cent. ; If in. diam. Brooks' Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxvi, pi. 17, fig. 5. 196 Reliquary, portion ; Tudor period ; 2| in. Thames, near London Bridge, 1866. 197 Small canopy, with pearled edges, in the centre are emblems within arcades, with three fleurs-de-lis over ; XIV Cent. ; ] in. Tliames. 198 Portion of a canopy, under which is a head supported by three shields ; on the centre one are five six-rayed stars ; on those on either side are a man holding a banner and a six-pointed star re- spectively ; XIV Cent. ; 1\ in. 199 Portion of a rich canopy, belonging to a signaculum ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. Thames, 1866. 200 A nimbed quatrefoil, the centre of which retains traces of a cross ; XIV Cent. ; 1^ in. Queenhithe, 1871. 201 A nimbus, with groups of pellets at intervals ; If in. diam. 202 Portion of sign, with feathers ; f in. Thames. MODERN COUNTERFEITS. 203 The letter A. surmounted by a crown, symbol of Saint Agnes, lead (probably a counterfeit of badge of Saint Agnes) : 1 in. PI. LXXVIII', 9. 204 Circular brooch, lead, centre missing, frame inscribed SANCTE THOMAS ORA P t (probably a counterfeit) ; 1 in. 336 MEDIAEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 205-209 Modern counterfeits (five), lead, of Saint Leonard. Saint Thomas, the Agnus Dei, and a fish ; f , If, 2, 2^, and 2| in. 210-215 Counterfeits (six), lead, of various designs ; f , 1, If, and 4 in. 216-218 Counterfeits (three), lead, of a reliquary and two ampuls ; !, 1 .;. and 3 in. BADGES. 219 An acorn, between two oak leaves ; XIV Cent. ; 1^ in. 220 Fragment of Latin inscription; from monumental brass, used to engrave a coat of arms on the other side ; 5| X 3| in. 221 Badge, copper, shield of arms in the centre surrounded by three mythical animals resembling dragons, which bear traces of enamel ; a portion of the metal object, to which it was attached by four rivets, remains at the back ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3 in. diam. Lvdgate Hill. 222 Reliquary or badge in form of an ear of barley (?); XIV XV Cent. ; 1 in. 1. 223 Broom pod (Genista), badge of the Plantagenets ; XIV Cent. ; 2J? in. Steelyard. 224 Crown of fleurs-de-lis (badge of Henry V) ; 1 x 1& in. 225 Crown, with fleurs-de-lis and with pearled edge ; XV Cent. ; 1 x 1 in. Thames, Kennard's Wharf, 1870. 226 Cup-shaped badge, on the front, a shield, surmounted by a crown, bearing three fleurs-de-lis, and supported on each side by a palm branch, below P. S. ; on the back is a fleur-de-lis, and two clips to fit over a band or belt ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. h. , 1^ in. diam. 227 Badge or token, pewter, pierced with four holes ; on one face is represented a flagon and a chalice, probably a Communion token ; XVI Cent. ; f in. diam. Thames. Hammersmith. 228 Fan-shaped object, in lead, perhaps a flower, with pin ; XIV Cent. ; 1 in. Thames. 229 Human face, with protruding tongue, surrounded by a pearled border ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. diam. 230 King Henry VI, standing upon a stag ; imperfect ; f in. 231 Henry VI ( ?) ; figure bearing sceptre and orb (head missing) ; 1 in. Steelyard. 232 Figure, full-length ; imperfect ; in knightly costume of the period, holding a scroll inscribed COIESIEE, in old English characters ; XIV Cent. ; 3 in. 233 Equestrian figure ; XIV Cent. ; 1| in. 1. Dowgate Hill, 1869. 234 Knight ; head of a knight, with vizor of helmet raised ; XIV Cent. ; f in. 235 Brooch or badge, a lion crowned, passant gardant ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Thames. J.B.A.A., xx, pi. 3, tig. 1. 236 Leaden bulla or seal of the prior of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. South Hackney. MEDIAEVAL PILGEIJVIS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 337 237 Ornament, or affix, jet, in form of a human mask, wearing a ruff and a hat, in the front of which is fixed a cockle shell ; probably XV Cent. ; 1| in. 1. London. 238 Pelican within a nimbus, outer edge pearled ; XIV XV Cent. ; 1| in. Thames. 239 Rose, from the centre of which issues a fleur-de-lis ; XV Cent. ; li in. 240 Rose, with portion of stem ; Tudor period ; 3| in. 1. Kennard's Wharf, 1870. 241 Badge, brass, shield shaped, with traces of inlay ; XV Cent. ; 2J in. 1. London. 242 Disc, metal, thin, bearing a shield charged with seven stars, within a circle; XIV Cent. (?); 1-J in. diam. Saint Martin's- le-Gfrand. 243 Strawberry plant, with fruit and leaves; XV Cent.; If in. Queenhithe. 244 Sword-scabbard, miniature, decorated with wavy line and pellet ornament, perhaps a brooch or toothpick case ; XIV Cent. ; 3J in. Thames. J.B.A.A., xx, pi. 3, fig. 4. 245 Sword-sheath placed across a buckler ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Clerkenwell, 1862. J.B.A.A., xx, pi. 3, fig. 3. 246 Sword-sheath, placed across a shield, the latter charged with four boars' (?) heads, in a diaper of lozenges, containing pellets, portion only ; XIV Cent. ; 1J in. 1. Steelyard, 1865. Archaeologia, xxxviii, pi. 4, fig. 5. 247 Sword-sheath, miniature, with pin at back ; XIV Cent. ; 1J in. Steelyard, 1865. 248 Talbot or hound, sejant, and collared (Talbot Earl of Shrews- bury) ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. 249 Mortuary crosses (six), roughly cut in lead, from graves on the site of Grey Friars' Monastery (Christ's Hospital) ; perhaps 1348-9 ; from 3^ X If in. to 5j X 3 in. MOULDS FOR BADGES. 250 Mould, hard close-grained grey stone, for making badges of the Holy Cross at Waltham. In the centre is a plain-limbed cross, with inscription on border SIGNVM SA[X]CTE CRVCIS DE WALTHAM : XII Cent. ; 3 x If X 1 in. Coleman Street. J.B.A.A., xxix, p. 421. 251 Mould, of schist (?), for casting a circular badge, with representa- tion of the Virgin and Child ; XIV XV Cent. ; 24 in. 1., If in. w. Brooks' Wharf, 1868. J.B.A.A., xxiv, p. 72. 252 Mould, schist, portion only ; on the side is incised an unfinished Tudor rose; XVI Cent. ; If in. w. London Wall, 1901. 23 338 MEDIEVAL PILGRIMS' SIGNS AND BADGES. 253 Mould, shale, portion only, for casting an ornament, composed of trefoils and groups of fleur-de-lis; circa XVI Cent.; 4^ in. 1., 3 in. w. London. 254 Mould, lower half, stone, with incised representations of a hound wearing a collar decorated with circular ornament and of an imperfect similar device; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3^ in. 1., 1| in. w. London Wall, 1901. 255 Mould, schist, for casting badges ; 1 X 1 in. LATER BADGES. 256 Badge, lead, representing a shield of arms, with helmet and mantling, charges indistinct ; XVII Cent. ; 2 x 1| in. London Wall, 1902. 257 Badge, lead, bearing the Royal arms; temp. George I II; 1 X | in. Thames, Hammersmith. 258 Badge, brass, oval, engraved with figure of Mercury, a house on his right, a spire surmounted by a bird (a vane?) on his left, a carpenter's square and a shield of arms in foreground ; 2 x 1 in. Said to have been worn at the election of Mayors of Chester in the XVIII Cent. 259 Shield-shaped object, tin, with arms of the City of London on one face ; XIX Cent. ; 4| X 3 in. 260 Tally, Fellowship porter's, consisting of an oblong leather pierced with sixty holes threaded with a leather thong ; brass mount beneath, inscribed: " ROB T CATER Aug 5, 1806, No. 7 i. P."; City arms roughly incised ; 6^ in. 1. 261-264 Tallies, Fellowship porters' (four), similar to the above ; " Francis Taylor June. 6, 1772, T.M."; " Jno. Treadway 12 June 1822"; "W> Phelps 14 Nov. 1839, No. 42 J.G."; and " Chas. Paskell Nov. 2, 1840, No. TL 19." The last tally is pierced with thirty- two holes. 265 Tally token, Fellowship porter's, brass, circular, inscribed : "FELLOWSHIP FRUIT," with a sheaf of corn; XIX Cent.; 1 in. diam. 266 Tally token, Fellowship porter's brass, oval, inscribed : " FELLOW- SHIP FRUIT 15," with two sheaves of corn ; XIX Cent. ; 1| x li in. 267 Badge, waterman's, circular, copper, plated, with City arms, and those of the Watermen's Company, inscribed : "FREE WATER- MAN AT COMMAND OF OUR SUPERIORS 2952 " ; XIX Cent. ; *i X 4| in. 268 Badge, pewter, a lion rampant, holding a spade within a border, inscribed : " ROBART . BOWYER," and a crown; XVII Cent. ; 1| in. diam. PI. LXIX, 3. London Wall. 269 Badge ( ?), pewter, a city gate, and portion of walls ; XVII Cent. ; 1& in. diam. PI. LXIX, 2. Old Bailey. 270 Communion token of the Presbyterian Scotch Church in London Wall, pewter; obf. : a thistle, "SCOTS CHURCH LONDON WALL"; rev.: " REV D R Y 1803" (Robert Young, minister); J in, diam. MEDIAEVAL SEALS. 339 271 Badge, copper, oval, with embossed design of a seven-pointed star surmounted by a crown; three scimitars in the centre of the star ; XIX Cent. ; 3 X 2 in. Maidenhead Court. 272 Plate, brass, oblong, inscribed, "4th Class II." 273 Badge, lead, shield-shaped ; on one side the City arms, and eight dates stamped, from June, 1805, to June, 1851 ; on the other side : " No. 28, Sep! 1812. Wm. Croker, Ticket Porter, Doctor's Com- mons " ; 2 x 2i in. 274 Porter's badge, pewter, with loop for suspension ; 2| x 2 in. ; obv.: the City arms, with "I.T.H.O.," " I.I.D.H. 12," and " I.I.D.H.I." in the second, third and fourth quarters respec- tively; rev. : "For Thomas Kuth, a freeman, Custom House, 1715." Thames, Custom House. A label attached states that ' ' This ticket was given into court, 13th May, 1816. T. G. Sheppard, Register." 275 Monstrance, front of, latteu or brass, enamelled in red and blue, the central portion consisting of a double-headed trefoil arch, the centre of which has a large perforation, the sides are in the form of niches with crocketed pinnacles ; XV XVI Cent. ; 1 If x 10 in. PI. XCVI, 8. Church of St. Martin Outwich. 276 Monstrance, front of, latten, enamelled in colour, the centre in form of a cinquefoil headed arch with twisted pillars at sides ; 10 x 8^ in. Same period and locality. PI. XCVI, 9. 277 Reliquary, latten or brass, traces of silver plating ; in the form of a male bust (perhaps of Our Saviour) with long flowing locks and short beard, the base of the figure is decorated with a broad band of guilloche ornament ; XV Cent. ; 18 in. h. , 15 in. w. PI. LXXXVII, 13. Near London Docks, Wapping, 1870. J.B.A.A., xxvi, 274-5. MEDLEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XXVI. SEALS. MATRICES. 1 Seal, bronze, elliptical, Agnus Dei in centre; legend " S'WILLI FABRI D' SVWAEC." The seal of William Smith, of Southwark. Late XIII Cent. ; 1^ in. 1. London. 2 Seal, lead, circular, with loop at back, engraved with a fleur- de-lis, and legend "+ S(IGILLUM) : IOHANXIS : LONDONIE" ; late XIII Cent. ; 1 in. diam. 3 Seal, brass, with shield of arms, inscribed " s' IOHIS PICOT"; XIV Cent.; 1 in. diam. Thames (?). 4 Seal, brass, with bust and " S[IGILLTJM]. MICHIEL POREL"; XIV Cent. ; | in. 1. London. 5 Seal, bronze, circular, with arms of Wydevill quartering Prowes, crest a wild man, supporters two lizards; legend " SIGILLUM RICARDY WYDEVILL MiLixis " ; (?) Sir Richard Wydevill, of Grafton ; ( ? ) late XIV Cent. ; 2-j in. diam. 23* 340 MEDIAEVAL SEALS. 6 Seal, brass, with pierced trefoil handle ; the oval face is en- graved with the initials " T. s. "; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. 1. London. 1 Seal, brass, similar, device a ship ; | in. London. 8 Seal, brass, similar, device a bird on a branch; f in. 1. 9 Seal, brass, similar, device figure of an animal; 1-& in. 1. London. 10 Seal, brass, circular, with loop above for suspension ; device a dove bearing an olive branch ; XVII Cent. ; 1 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 11 Seal, circular, lower portion only, set with glass paste, on which is a crest in intaglio ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; f in. diam. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 12 Pendant, T>rass, pear-shaped, with loop for suspension, having a bust of Queen Anne in relief on either face, with the legend ANNA DEI GRATIA. The sides are hinged, and form a box, con- taining an oval steel seal, on one face of which are two hands clasped above two hearts burning, with the words AM Q above and below. The other face is engraved with a dove, and above it COLUMB ; 1| in. 1. 13 Seal, steel, (with wax impression), until recently used by the Company of Barber Surgeons; " SIGILLVM MYSTERII BARBITOX- SORVM LONDON ANNO MDCCXLV " ; 3^ X 2f in. 14 Seal, brass, quadruple, displaying a cross with a heart, a ship, a star, and an anchor ; one on each face ; XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. diam. London. 15 Seal or die, circular, brass, inscribed "GOD GIVES PEACE TO INNOCENCY AND PLENTY TO INDUSTRY " ; XVIII XIX Cent. ; 2| in. diam. 16 Seal, small, with blue glass intaglio, bearing a bust ; the shield- shaped stem bears another bust on one face, and is perforated for suspension, with two links of chain attached ; early XIX Cent. ; 3| in. 1. London. 17 Seal, with glass intaglio ; device, a lion ; early XIX Cent, i in. 1. London. IMPRESSIONS. 18 Cast, wax, of an early XIV Century seal ; an armed knight on. horseback, trampling on a dragon, inscribed : " SIGILLVM ROBERTI FILII WALTERI " ; 3 in. diam. Sir Robert FitzWalter was the Castellain or Chief Banneret of London in the reign of Edward I. 19 Cast, wax, of the old Mayoralty seal (?XIII Cent.) of the City of London ; 1| in. diam. 20 Cast, wax, of the later Mayoralty seal of the City of London,, made in 1381 ; 2| in. diam. 21 Cast, wax, of the obverse of the seal of the City of London, with figure of Saint Paul ; XIV Cent. ; 2| in. diam. 22 Cast, wax, of the reverse of the seal of the City of London, with figure of Saint Thomas a Becket, replaced in 1539 by the City arms ; 2| in. diam. -MEDIEVAL SEALS. 341 23 Cast, wax, of the " new " reverse of the City seal, made in 1539 ; 2| in. diam. 24 Cast, wax, of the seal of the Order of the Garter ; 4 in. diam. 25 Bulla, lead, inscribed "JOHANNES PP xxn " ; reverse, heads of St. Peter and St. Paul ; seal of Pope John XXII ; early XIV Cent. ; 1 in. diam. London. 26 Impression, wax, of the XV Century common seal of the Company of Tallow Chandlers ; circular ; 1| in. diam. 27 Impression, wax, of the present seal of the Company of Felt- makers ; circular ; If in. diam. 28 Impression, wax, of the present seal of the Barber Surgeons' Company, 1895 ; 2f in. diam. 29 Collection of eighty-nine wax impressions of seals of houses of Religious Orders formerly existing in London and Middlesex. 30 Collection of twenty-six casts of the Royal seals of England, and of two of George III for Ireland. 31 Collection of fifty-three casts of the Royal seals of Scotland. MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XXVII. KEYS AND LOCKS. The keys include the mediaeval portion of the fine collection formed by Mr. Thomas Wills, many of which were found in various parts of England, although a large proportion came from the City of London. XII XIII CENTURIES. 1 Key, iron ; this large key has evidently been made out of a stout iron plate ; the tubular stem terminates in a flat-sided ovate bow, and has a solid web; Saxon (?); 7| in. 1. Leeds Castle, Kent, 1849. J.B.A.A., xii, p. 122. 2 Key, iron, of similar make, tubular stem, flat-sided oval bow, large thin web cut to fit several wards ; 6 in. 1. 3 Key, iron, piped stem, the bow of which is a flattened elongation bent round in a circle, but not attached at the end to the stem ; web broken ; late Xonnaii ( ?) ; 5 in. 1. Crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1852. J.B.A.A., xiii, 337. 4 Key, iron, piped stem, flat-sided oval bow, thin web divided for three wards ; XII XIII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Near Dane John, Canterbury, 1810. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336-7. 5 Key, bronze, piped, flat-sided stem expanding towards bow, web deeply indented and grooved on sides and front to pass over a peg or pegs in the lock ; XIII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 342 MEDIEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 6 Key, brouze, piped stem, web indented and with cruciform perforation, bow wanting ; XIII Cent. XIII-X1V CENTURIES. 7 Key, iron, broached stem, lozenge-shaped bow, web appears to be imperfect ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. Found while repairing foundation of statue of Charles I, Charing Cross, 1855. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336. 8 Key, iron, of similar make, tubular stem, lozenge-shaped bow, large thin web notched to fit three wards ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 7i in. 1. 9 Key, iron, of similar form, but with piped stem ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 10 Key, iron, similar form, stem of brass, with groups of engraved lines, trefoil perforated web notched along one edge ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 4f in. 1. 11 Key, iron, of similar form, inlaid with incised zigzag lines: the web has a cross-headed opening and is notched along one edge ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 12 Key, iron ; this key has a somewhat fusiform piped stem with oval bow, below which, on either side of the stem, is a little spur ; the curious web resembles a capital L with the base parallel to the stem of the key ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 13 Key, bronze, piped stem terminating in a lozenge-shaped bow, with trefoil ornaments at angles ; web divided and grooved to pass over a peg or stop in the entrance of the lock ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Somerset House, Strand, 1851. J.B.A.A., xiii, 337. 14 Key, bronze, square, piped stem, annular bow, web divided to fit five wards ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Wailing Street, 1852. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336. 15 Key, bronze, piped stem to fit broach in lock, lozenge-shaped bow, web divided to fit three wards ; XIII XIV Cent. ( ?) ; 3| in. 1. ColcTiester, 1849. J.B.A.A., xiii, 336. 16 Key, iron, stout broached stem, annular bow, large web per- forated with cruciform openings ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 17 Key, bronze ; this curious little key appears to have been made out of a stout piece of metal, thie upper portion having been hammered out and rolled over to form the tubular stem and large, three-toothed web ; the lower portion square in section, being bent round to form a lozenge-shaped bow ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 18 Key, iron, of similar form, with long projecting broach, solid web, and flat-sided lozenge-formed bow ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 4| in. 1. 19 Key, iron, large, much corroded, four-sided broached stem, lozenge-shaped bow ; the web and broach are both imperfect ; the former probably resembled two Es placed back to back ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 8| in. 1. 20 Key. iron, stout piped stem, annular bow, web deeply toothed and channelled on sides ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. MEDIAEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 343 21-24 Keys (four), iron, of similar form ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 3 4 in. 1. 25 Key, wrought out of a solid plate of bronze, bow lozenge shaped, stem broad with a slit down the centre dividing it into two parts, from one of which the indented web projects ; the other forms a broach which probably fitted a movable pipe in the lock, which revolved with the key ; XIII XIV Cent! ; 2f in. 1. 26-29 Keys (four), iron, of similar type ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 2i 3f in. 1. XIV CENTURY. 30 Key, iron, small, annular bow. short stem split up the centre to form broach ; web indented and grooved ; XIV Cent. ; If in. 1. Site of old Christchurch Hosintal, 1850. J.B.A.A., xiii, 352. 31 Key, iron, similar to above, but web perfect ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Westminster Hall, 1850-1. 32 Key, bronze, similar, with ornamental bow ; XIV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 33 Key, bronze, similar, large square-sided stem, lozenge-shaped bow ; XIV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 34 Key, iron, broached and flat-sided stem, annular bow, with little spur on each side at junction with stem, web largely perforated and toothed ; XIV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. 35 Key, bronze, piped octagonal stem with capital, lozenge-shaped bow, the angles ornamented with small bosses ; sides of the stem engraved with single and double zigzag lines ; web deeply toothed and channelled along the edge to pass over a peg in the lock ; XIV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 36 Key, iron, broached stem, lozenge-shaped bow ; the web appears to have sprung from each side of the stem, but part is missing, it was perforated with trefoil-shaped openings ; XIV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. PI. XCI, 10. Newgate Prison, 1857. 37 Key, iron, long broached stem of square section, annular bow, web resembles a double S face to face ; XIV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. 38-39 Keys (two), iron, of similar type ; XIV Cent. ; 1| and 3 in. 1. 40 Key, bronze, piped square-sectioned stem terminating in a lozenge bow with trefoil ornaments at angles, web much divided and grooved; XIV Cent.; 4 in. 1. Bow CJmrrn. Oheapside, circa 1680. J.B.A.A.. xv, 288. This key is said to have belonged to Sir Christopher Wren, and to have been discovered many feet below the surface during the rebuilding of Bow Church. 41 Key, iron, broached stem, with flat annular bow, web S-shaped with two teeth on fore-edge ; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Near St. Augustine's Gateway, Canterbury. J.B.A.A. , xiii, 352. 42 Key, bronze, tubular stem, flat-sided, ovate bow ; XIV Cent. ; 3i m. 1. 43 Key, brass, lozenge bow, semi-circular edge to wards ; XIV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London. 44 Key, iron, broached stem terminating in a flat, ovate plate, per- forated in centre; XIV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. J.B.A.A., xii, p. 121. 344 MEDIAEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 45 Key, iron, stout stem with capital, surmounted by an annular bow, web perforated with cruciform openings ; XIV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 46 Key, iron, broached stem, with pentagonal bow and large web ; XIV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. X1V-XV CENTURIES. 47 Key, iron, small broached stem, flat-sided oval bow, web toothed on fore-edge ; XIV XV Cent. ; If in. 1. East India House, Leadenhall Street, 1850. 48 Key, iron, similar to above ; web has eight long teeth and cruciform perforation ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Tvrnwheel Lane, Cannon Street, 1851. J.B.A.A., xiii, 337. 49 Key, iron, short broached stem, terminating in a flat, lozenge- shaped bow, perforated with a quatrefoil ; large flat web, deeply toothed on edge ; XIV XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Sheen Palace, Rich- mond, 1798. 50 Key, iron, of similar form, with reniformed bow, web divided into four, stem ornamented with bands of zigzag grooves and crosses ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. 51 Key, iron, similar, with heart-shaped bow, and hexagonal stem, with short broach ; XIV XV Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. 52 Key, iron, solid stem, with fillet on collar, annular bow, web large and deeply indented ; XIV XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 53 Key, brass, similar, but bow divided into two semi-circular openings by the stem passing through ; XIV XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 54 Key, iron, broached stem, depressed, lozenge-shaped bow, web has a central cruciform opening ; XIV XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. 55 Key, bronze, for casket, piped stem, arched opening in bow, flat, simple wards ; XIV XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. XV CENTURY. 56 Key, iron, large piped stem, annular bow which encloses a quatre- foil, and has a rectangular loop on the top for suspension from a ring or girdle, large S-shaped web with edge strongly chan- nelled to pass over a stop in the lock or keyhole ; XV Cent. ; 8^ in. 1. PL XCI, 3. St. Paul's Churchyard, 1850. J.B.A.A., xiii, p. 337. 57 Key, iron, large, piped stem, reniformed bow, with large, per- forated web, somewhat resembling a double S ; XV Cent. ; llf in. 1. St. Albans Abbey, 1832. 58 Key, iron, of similar type ; XV Cent. ; 4| in. 1. 59 Key, iron, large, of similar form, with depressed bow and octa- gonal stem ; XV Cent. ; 9| in. 1. 60 Key, brass, S-shaped web, with toothed edges, reniformed bow ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 61 Key, iron, the broached stem is square in section for a portion of its length nearest the bow, which is a depressed oval ; the web is S-shaped and dentated on fore-edge ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. MEDIAEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 345 62 Key, iron, padlock, piped stem, reniformed bow, with an eight- sided collar ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. Duke Street, West Smithfield, 1848. -66 Keys (four), iron, for padlocks, of similar form ; XV Cent. ; 2f," 2, and 2| in. 1. Cheapside, 1850; Cannon Street, 1850; Botolph Lane, 1853; and St. Bride's Passage, Fleet Street, 1850. 67 Key, iron, piped stem, annular bow ; web imperfect ; early XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Sermon Lane. 68 Key, iron, stout, broached stem, annular bow, large perforated web ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. St. Edmund's Church, Lombard Street, 1860. 69 Key, iron, projecting broach and hexagonal stem, reniformed bow, web resembles two SS face to face, with trefoil-shaped opening ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. 70 Key, iron, piped stem terminating in a fillet or capital, annular bow containing a quatrefoil formed by four small circles and surmounted by a rectangular loop for suspension ; edge of web is toothed ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 71 Key, iron, piped stem, reniformed bow, edge of web toothed ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. 1. 72 Key, iron, stout piped stem, flat-sided, annular bow, edge of web toothed ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 73 Key, iron, stout broached stem, depressed bow, web toothed along the edge ; XV Cent. ; 5% in. 1. 74 Key, iron, similar to preceding ; XV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 75 Key, iron, similar, but with large flat-sided annular bow ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 76 Key, iron, broached stem, of a flattened pyramidal form below the bow, which is nearly oval, web S-shaped and toothed ; XV Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. 77 Key. iron, of similar type, stem has a square section below the annular bow ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 78 Key, iron, of similar type, square section of stem decorated with incised cruciform ornamentation, large web deeply toothed, with a rectangular opening in centre ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 79 Key, iron, of similar form, quatrefoil bow, with slight points projecting from the intersection of the circles and resembling a Tudor rose, large web, deeply toothed ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 80 Key, iron, stout piped stem, depressed bow, the web is divided into two portions, notched at sides and edges ; XV Cent. ; of in. 1. 81 Key, iron, projecting broach, stem terminating in an annular bow, web square and pierced with a cruciform opening ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 82 Key, iron, piped stem, decorated with groups of incised lines, bow a quatrefoil uniting in the centre in a little disc, edge of web deeply toothed ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. PI. XCI, 7. Ludgate Hill. J.B.A.A., xiii, p. 337. 346 MEDIEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 83 Key, iron, short piped stem with collar above the buckle-shaped bow ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. PI. XCI, 1. Cathedral Gate, Chichester, 1815. J.B.A.A., xiii, 352. 84 Key, iron, short piped stem, buckle or stirrup-shaped bow, edge of web toothed ; XV Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Fleet Street, 1830. 85 Key, iron, small, similar to above ; XV Cent. ; 1| in. 1. Crosby Hall, 1849. 86 Key, iron, short piped stem, flat-sided oval bow, edge of web toothed ; XV Cent. ; 1| in. 1. Old Fish Street, 1853. 87 Key, iron, small piped stem and annular bow, small web indented at top ; XV Cent. ; 1| in. 1. Friday Street, 1854. 88 Key, iron, long broached stem, depressed bow, thin web deeply toothed ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Bridewell Hospital, 1855. 89 Key, iron, short broached stem, reniform bow, web strongly toothed, but imperfect ; XV Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Chapter House, Westminster. 90 Key, iron, stout four-sided stem, oval bow, large web deeply toothed ; XV Cent. ; 5J in. 1. Wailing Street, 1841. 91 Key, iron, stem square sectioned from centre to heart-shaped bow, upper portion of stem is round, web deeply indented, with nine teeth on fore-edge ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. PI. XCI, 5. Colchester Castle, 1821. J.B.A.A., xiii, p. 338. 92 Key, iron, broached stem, small oval bow, thin web divided into four large teeth ; XV Cent. ; 44: in. 1. Custom House, Lower Thames Street, 1817. 93 Key, iron, slender broached stem, depressed bow, edge of web dee'ply toothed ; XV Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. St. Helen's Churchyard, Bishopsgate Street, 1836. 94 Key, iron, reniformed bow and projecting broach, square web pierced for several wards ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Winchester Castle, 1839. 95 Key, iron, broached stem, depressed bow, above which the stem assumes a square section, each side being ornamented with en- graved crossed lines, web has seven short teeth on fore-edge ; XV Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Mercers' Hall, Cheapside, 1854. -99 Keys (four), iron, of similar form; XV Cent.; 3 3 in. 1. Tower of London, 1848 ; Savoy, Strand, 1820 ; Royal Exchange, 1838; Whittington's College, 1838. 100 Key, iron, of small size, stirrup-shaped bow ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. 1. C/iarterhouse, 1832. 101 Key, brass, small, of similar form, probably for a small casket ; XV Cent. ; J in. 1. Thames, Paul's Wharf, 1857. 102 Key, iron, padlock, annular bow and solid web ; XV Cent. ; 2^ in. 1. St. Thomas's Hospital, Southward, 1849. 103 Key, iron ; small broached key, with oval bow, for a padlock ; XV Cent. ; 2-^ in. 1. Castle Baynard, Upper Thames Street, 1840. 104 Key, iron, broached stem terminating in an oval bow. web has five short teeth on fore-edge and is indented top and bottom ; XV Cent. ; 1 in. 1. PL XCI, 8. Old Houses of Parliament, 1840. MEDIEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 347 105 Key, iron, broached stem, heart-shaped bow, and deeply-cut web ; XV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 106 Key, brass, small piped stem terminating in a fillet and trefoil bow, web small and solid ; XV Cent. ; If in. 1. 107 Key, brass, small piped stem, heart-shaped bow, web toothed and channelled along the edges to pass over a pin ; XV Cent. ; If in. 1. 108 Key, iron, stout piped stem, with large S-shaped web welded on to a transverse bar which forms the handle; XV Cent.: 5$ in. 1. 109 Key, iron, stout piped stem, reniformed bow, web toothed along edge ; XV Cent. ; 4- in. 1. 110 Kev, iron, solid stem, annular bow, web dentated on top and fore- edge ; XV Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 111 Key, iron, piped stem, annular bow set at right angles to the plane of the web. this is large for the size of the key, has narrow slits and is notched along the fore-edge ; XV Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. Tokenhoiise Yard. 112 Key, iron, similar to the above, with large annular bow in same plane as the web, which is deeply toothed ; XV Cent. ; 3 in 1. Tokenhouse Yard. 113 Key, iron, long piped stem, lozenge-shaped bow with a deep collar round stem below, web plain, with a single notch ; XV ( ?) Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 114 Key, iron, slender broached stem, bow intermediate in form between the flat-topped trefoil and buckle forms ; XV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 115-120 Keys (six), iron, of similar type ; XV Cent. ; 1| 3| in. 1. 121 Key, iron, broached stem, slightly reniformed bow, web square and deeply indented ; XV Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 122-139 Keys (eighteen), iron, of similar type ; XV Cent. ; 1| 4 in. 1. 140 Key, iron, fine example, reniformed bow, stem broached and octagonal for some distance, ornamented with pairs of concentric grooves and terminating in a small knob, web resembles two S's facing each other ; XV Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Thames, near Old London Bridge, 1823! 141-187 Keys (forty-seven), iron; XV XVI Cent.; various sizes and localities. PI. XCI, 2. XV XVI CENTURIES. 188 Key, iron, broached stem, solid web, large oval bow ; XV XVI Cent. ; 2^ in. 1. Thames, near Lambeth Palace, 1850. 189 Key, iron, slightly projecting broach and hexagonal stem, reni- formed bow. web resembles two Es face to face ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 190 Key, iron, projecting broach and somewhat fusiform stem, reni- formed bow, indented web with cruciform opening in centre XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. 348 MEDIAEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 191 Key, iron, of similar form, but with the form of the web reversed, and stem roughly octagonal in section ; XV XVI Cent. ; 64 in. 1. 192 Key, iron, with large piped stem and small pierced and toothed web ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 193 Key, iron, broached stem, petal-shaped bow with circular perfora- tion, web cut for three wards ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Abbey Ruins, Bury St. Edmunds, 1828. J.B.A.A., xiii, 352. 194 Key, iron, broached stem, the lower half of which is six-sided, with ribbed collar above, heart-shaped bow, formed by two scrolls united at the top by a small knob, web indented to fit three wards ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Abbey Churchyard, Bath, 1848. J.B.A.A., xiii, p. 338. 195-198 Keys (four), iron, similar to the above ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3|, 2J, and 3 "in. 1. St. Saviours Church, Southwark, 1835 ; St. Botolph's Priory, Colchester, 1822 ; Buckingham Street, Strand, 1842 ; and West Mailing, 1846. PI. XCL G. J.B.A.A., xiii, p. 338. 199 Key stem, iron ; a broached, octagonal stem, rectangular fillet, and reniformed bow ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. 200 Key, iron ; a fine specimen ; stout, short, broached, octagonal stem, renifonned bow, web resembles a double S with a bar between ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. 201 Key, iron, piped stem surmounted by a capital, bow formed by two scrolls, wide at the base and uniting at the top, web cut to fit straight and cruciform wards ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. 202-207 Keys (six), iron, of similar form, with broached stem and S-shaped web ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3, 3, and 2| in. 1. 208 Key, iron, similar, with short broach and octagonal stem, small reniformed bow and double E-shaped web ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5i in. 1. 209 Key, iron, padlock, thin flat stem, ornamented with incised zig- zag lines and indented scroll-pattern along one edge, lozenge- shaped bow, web resembles a Maltese Cross ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4f in. 1. Billiter Street. 210 Key, bronze, of similar type, ovate bow, with cross-like ornamenta- tion, and cruciform perforation in centre ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London. 211 Key, bronze, casket, oval bow with small bosses round outer edge, cruciform perforation in centre, web indented at the top and bottom ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 212 Key, iron, of simple form, consisting of a curved rod with reni- form bow; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. XVI CENTURY. 213 Key, iron, piped stem, with an open slit down the side opposite to the web to pass over a peg in the lock, bow large and oval in form ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Pye Corner, West Smithfteld, 1854. MEDIAEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 349 214 Key, iron, large broached stem, reniformed bow, web square with cruciform perforation ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Formerly belonged to the Parish Church of Harmondsworth, Middlesex. 215 Key, iron, broached stem, portion wanting, bow somewhat reni- form ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Site of Palace of Whitehall, 1830. 216 Key, iron, long broached stem, oval bow, S-shaped web, with toothed fore-edge ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Wolseys Hall. Hampton Court Palace, 1847. 217 Key, iron, piped stem, annular bow, with small point projecting from base of stem within, S-shaped web ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Trafalgar Square, 1848. 218 Key, iron, of similar form, with square collar above oval bow and larger S-shaped web, toothed on fore-edge ; XVI Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. Bosworth Field, Leicestershire, 1846. 219 Kev, iron, piped stem with collar, perforated scroll-work bow, web imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Bulky Abbey, Suffolk, 1853. J.B.A.A., xiii, 338. 220 Key, iron, broached stem, ornamented shield-shaped bow, web divided with two teeth; XVI Cent.; 3 in. 1. Chert-fey Abbey. Surrey, 1847. J.B.A.A., xiii, 338. 221 Key, brass, small broached stem, reniform bow, web slightly indented on lower side, with three teeth on fore-edge ; XVI Cent. (?); 1 in. 1. Lexden, near Colchester, 1806. 222-223 Keys (two), iron, slender piped stem, ovate bow, small S-shaped web ; XVI Cent. ; 1| in. 1. 224 Key, iron, stout solid stem with capital, open-work bow, sur- mounted by a small boss, broad-edged web with a trefoil-shaped perforation ; XVI Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. 225 Key. iron, solid tapering stem, with short broach, oval bow, web notched to fit three wards ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 226 Key, iron, quadrangular stem 3 in. 1., hollowed to fit a quad- rangular broach in the lock, its lower edge is ornamented with a double chevron, the web is perforated with three crosses, and the front cut with eight teeth ; the large cubical fillet is sur- mounted by a trefoil bow ; German ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. J.B.A.A., xxx, p. 328. 227 Key, iron, large piped stem, oval bow fitted with tracery-work and surmounted by a little oval plate perforated for suspension ; the broad web is cruciformly perforated and notched, and the edge is channelled transversely ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Thames or Fleet Ditch. J.B.A.A., xii, 99. 228 Key, iron, similar to the preceding ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 229 Key, iron, short piped stem terminating in a reniformed bow. with an octagonal collar just beneath ; web S-shaped with broad notches ; XVI Cent. ; If in. 1. 230 -232 Keys (three), iron, similar to the preceding ; XVI Cent. ; 2, 24., and 2 in. 1. 350 MEDIEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 233 Key, iron, with fusiformed broached stem terminating in reni- formed bow ; large open web ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. 234 Key, iron ; the small broached stem becomes octagonal in form above the three rectangular fillets, at centre the bow is cruciform and the web S-shaped, with transverse grooves on edge ; XVI Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 235-247 Keys (thirteen), iron, of similar type ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2$ 44 in. 1. XVI XVII CENTURIES 248 Key, iron, slender broached stem, graceful reniformed bow, web square with cross-like perforation ; 5 in. 1. Formerly belonged to a house in Worcester where Charles II is reputed to have lodged in 1651. 249 Key, iron, short piped steni, with plain web terminating in a large open scroll-work bow, resembling two Es face to face ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 250 Key, iron, piped stem terminating in a reniformed bow within which it rises to a straight-topped projection, web in form of a letter S ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 251 Key, iron, piped stem surmounted by a capital, bow formed of two dolphins holding a ball between them in their mouths ; large S-shaped web cut for straight and cruciform wards, with a broad bi-parted edge with four transverse channels ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Thames or Fleet Ditch. J.B.A.A., xii, 99. 252 Key, iron, slender piped stem, trefoil-shaped scroll-work bow with cross in centre, small web cut with cruciform openings ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 21 in. 1. 253-254 Keys (two), iron, of similar type, without cross in centre of bow: XVI XVII Cent. ; 2| and 3 in- 1. 255 Key, iron, similar, web wide-edged with two deep transverse channels ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2| m. 1. 256 Key, iron, similar type, centre of bow fitted with a cypher- like ornament ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 257 Key, iron, short broached stem, large oval bow, stout indented web ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Thames Street, 1857. 258 Key, iron, broached stem, oval bow of modern type, web flat- tened on the fore-edge and pierced for three or more wards ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. St. Katherine's Docks. 259-261 Keys (three), iron, padlock, of similar type, but with oval bows ; XVI early XVII Cent. ; 2i, 1|, and 1| in. 262 Key, iron, similar, the web has a cruciform opening ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. 263 Key, iron ; a fine example ; broached stem terminating in a capital surmounted by a reniformed bow, the bulb of which is divided by a V-shaped groove ; the web is deeply cut and has a wide, notched edge ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7i in. 1. 264-265 Keys (two), iron, circular bow, pointed within at junction with shaft ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| and 6 in. 1. London. MEDIEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 351 266 Key, iron, padlock ; the circular web with three rectangular perforations arranged in the form of a cross is in the same plane as the stem, which terminates in a small, flat-sided bow with circular perforation ; on one side of the stem near the bow are crossed lines ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Tokenhouse Yard. 267-271 Keys (five), iron, similar to preceding ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4, 3i,*3f, 3i. and 4^ in. Graccclnirch Street, 1865, and St. Mildred's Court, 1865. XVII CENTURY. 272 Key, brass, plain broached stem, reuiformed bow ; early XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. Sishopsgate Street, 1850. 273 Key, iron, padlock ; this little key has a short stem terminating in a flat-sided annular bow; the web, which is 1| in. 1., consists of five narrow strips of metal brazed together, the section of which resembles an anchor with an upright at each end of the cross bar ; probably XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 274 Key. bronze or brass, short stem terminates in an annular bow with crescent- shaped hollow at top, in lieu of a web ; two short horns or projections spring from either side of the end of the stem and are parallel with it ; XVII ( ?) Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 275 Key, iron, stout piped stem, with capital, bow almost circular with reniform opening, SS-shaped web with a wide convex edge ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 276 Key, iron, piped stem, trefoil bow of ornamental scroll-work, small web with cruciform opening ; XVII Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. 277 Key, iron, the web is cut with cruciform opening and has a broad edge ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 278 Key, iron, oval bow and cruciform web ; XVII Cent. : 4| in. 1. 279 Key, iron and brass, piped stem with small Z-shaped web ter- minating in a brass scroll-work bow ; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 280 Key, iron ; this beautiful key has a spirally-fluted broached stem, with filigree scroll-work bow ; the upper portion of the ornament within the bow resembles two Es back to back ; the web has a cruciform opening dividing it down the centre ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. 281 Key, iron, similar to the preceding, with tapering, fluted stem and bow of filigree scroll-work ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. 282 Key, iron, similar, with circular filigree bow ; XVII Cent. ; 4f in. 1. 283 Key, iron ; fine specimen ; tapering, piped stem, depressed oval bow, large web deeply notched to fit three wards ; XVII Cent. ; 64 in. 1. 284 Key, iron, broached stem ornamented with grooved spirals, artistic scroll-work bow. web perforated for several wards ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. PI. XCI, 4. Howard Street, Strand, 1852. J.B.A.A., xiii, 338. 285 Key, iron, large piped stem, large oval bow, perforated web with broad convex fore-edge ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Basinghall Street, 1854. 352 MEDIAEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 286 Key, iron, long piped stem, trefoil-shaped bow of elegant scroll- work, web pierced with two cruciform openings ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. Dowgate Hill, 1855. 287 Key, iron, of similar form ; XVII Cent. ; 34 in. 1. PL XCIV, 8. Bermondsey, 1838. 288 Key, iron, piped stem with collar, reniformed bow, cut for three wards ; XVII Cent. ; 34 in. 1. St. Giles' Church, Camberwell. J.B.A.A., xiii, 352. 289-290 Keys (two), iron, of similar form ; XVII Cent. ; 3 and 3| in. 1. Exeter 'Change, Strand, 1829, and Site of Paul's Cross, 1839. 291 Key, brass, small broached stem, reniformed bow, small solid web ; XVII Cent. ; If in. 1. St. Martin's Churchyard, Canter- bury, 1848. 292 Key, iron, similar to the above ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. PI. XCI, 9. Dorset Street, 1849. 293 Key, iron, of similar form, but with heavier ornamental stem and large cruciform pierced web ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Crypt of Canterbury Cathedral, 1823. J.B.A.A., xiii, 352. 294 Key, iron, slender piped stem, with small web ; the ornamental scroll-work bow is of brass ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. St. James' Palace, Westminster, 1820. 295 Key, brass, small piped stem, reniformed bow ; XVII Cent. ; 14 in. 1. Site of Reading Room, British Museum, 1855. 296 Key, iron, similar, with transversely channelled edge to web ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 297 Key, iron, large piped stem with capital, reniformed bow, web narrow, toothed along edge, and notched at each end ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. 298 Key, brass, small piped stem, with broad-edged indented web. terminating in an open scroll-work bow; XVII Cent.; 2 in. 1. 299 Key, iron, solid shaft terminating in a knob, semi-circular bow, the central shaft ending in a point within the bow ; XVII Cent. ; 64 in. 1. London Wall. 300 Key from old Hall of Coopers' Company ; simple ward with three teeth; 5| in. 1. XVII-XIX CENTURIES. 301 Key, iron, short stem, Z-shaped web perforated at the extremity and provided with a large movable ring ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. St. Mary Axe, 1848. J.B.A.A., xiii, 338-9. 302 Key, iron ; the tapering stem, with lozenge-shaped pipe, terminates in a flat, heart-shaped plate with circular perforation in centre ; XVII XVIII Cent. ( ? ) ; 24 in. 1. 303 Key, iron, piped stem terminating in a somewhat reniformed bow, bulbed at the top ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. 304 Double key, iron, web placed in opposite directions at each end of stem ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 74 in. 1. Wapping. MEDIEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 353 305 Key, iron, piped stem, quatrefoil in section, oval bow and blank web ; XVIII Cent. ; 1 in. 1. 306 Key, double, steel, inscribed with crown and G. R. , "Chester- field small gate " and " P. S. bar by Gros Gate " ; XVIII Cent. ; 4f in. 1. Said to have belonged to Lord Robert Spencer. 307-308 Keys (two), iron, padlock, one with curved pointed stem, oval bow bulbed at the top ; two fillets encircle the stem below the bow; probably XVIII Cent.; 4^ and 5 in. 1. 309 Key, iron, with oval bow, grooved at the shoulder ; the wards are composed of a deep cut on either side, this portion moves on a swivel, so as to drop into position when inserted into the lock ; XVIII Cent. ; 4f in. 1. London Wall. 310 Key, iron ; this key is riveted to a small case into which it folds, and which, when open, forms the handle ; the stem is short and broached, the web large and cut to fit the complicated arrangement of wards ; XVIII Cent. ; o in. 1. 311 Key, iron, piped crescent-shaped ridged stem with moulded capital, surmounted by a rectangular bow containing the letters " C F"; XVIH Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 312 Key, iron, ornamental broached stem terminating in oval bow containing leaden plate stamped on one side "G |g R," on the other " Greenwich Park <%> 1733. No. (cypher) 464 " ; XVIII Cent. ; 5-| in. 1. 313 Key, iron ; this massive key has a straight piped stem with octagonal collar surmounted by a reniformed bow ; the large web resembles four Ss. with broad convex edge; XVII XVIII Cent. : 5| in 1. 314 Key, iron, similar, with oval bow and large cruciform web ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. I. 315 Key, iron ; this beautiful gilt key was that of the Chamberlain of the Emperor Francis I and his Consort, Maria Theresa (1745 65) ; the corded bow rests on a shield charged on one side with F. I, and on the other with M. T. in cypher ; the shield is surmounted with a lofty imperial crown terminating with the orb and cross ; the stem of the key is tubular, and the piercing of the web somewhat resembles the letter Y with a horizontal bar across it, just below its bifurcation ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. J.B.A.A., xxx, p. 328-9; Cat. of Exh. at Ironmongers' HalL vol. 1, p. 42. 316 Key, iron ; the stem, which is piped and in form of a quatrefoil, has a blank web and is surmounted by an oval bow ; early XVIII Cent. ; H in. 1. 317 Set of seven keys, iron, four of which have variously- formed webs, the remaining three tubular, two to fit a square peg, the other a heart-shaped one ; they are hinged by pin passing through the bases of the stems, and fold into a sort of combined bow and case XVIII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. 24 354 MEDIEVAL KEYS AXD LOCKS. 318-319 Keys (two), copper gilt, of Temple Bar, used at the visit to the City of Her Majesty Queen Victoria to attend the Thanksgiving service at St. Paul's for the recovery of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, February 27th, 1872. Designed for the occasion by Sir Horace Jones, CSty Architect ; 21 in. 1. FOREIGN KEYS. 320 Key, iron and brass ; the upper part of the piped stem is of iron, the lower moulded portion and the ornamental scroll-work bow are of bnoss ; Danish ; XVII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. 321 Key, iron, of similar form, but the web is channelled on the edge to pass over a pin or stop in the lock ; French ( ?) ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 322 Key, small ; the piped stem of this little cabinet key is of iron, the bow is of brass and very artistic and graceful in form ; French ; XVII Cent. ; H in. 1 Brussels. 323 Key, iron, ornamental piped stem, an artistic reniformed bow ; French ; XVII Cent. ; 1\ in. 1. Formerly belonged to a cabinet in Fonthill Abbey, Wilts. 324 Key, iron and brass ; the piped stem is of iron, the scroll-work bow of brass ; German ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Brydges Street, Drury Lane, 1851. J.B.A.A., xiii, 338. 325 Key. brass, long piped stem, large bow formed of elegant, open scroll-work ; German ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PL XCIV, 9. This key is heavily gilt. J.B.A.A., xiv, 352. 326 Keeper, iron (to carry keys) ; the keeper is pyriformed, with spring opening, and works on a swivel at end of the stem which is hinged to the hook, by which the keeper was suspended from the girdle ; the hook plate is ornamented with heart-shaped perforations; early XVITI Cent.; 7 in. 1. J.B.A.A., xii, 99. LOCKS. 327 Lock for box, with key ; XIV XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Keniiard^ Wluirf. 328 Lock, flat, with ornamented perforated plates : XV Cent. ; (5 x 5J in. 329 Lock fastening, iron, with oval bow and long spike ; probablv XV Cent. ; 8f in. 1. 330 Lock for chest or box, iron, square form, with loop above ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3^ x 4 in. London. 331 Lock, square form, trefoil projections at corners ; XV XVI Cent. : 5 in. 1. Lime Street. 332 Lock for box, iron, oblong form, with arched loop above ; XVI Cent.; 3 X 4f in. London Wall. 333 Lock, iron, oblong form, the front decorated with engraved lozenge pattern : XVI Cent. ; 3J X 2J in. London Wall, 1903. 334 Fetter lock, iron, with key. consis'ing of a long flat bar. curved over at end ; XVI Cent. ; 4 x 4$ in. Chatham, 335 Fetter or padlock, iron, tubular, with curved hasp ; XVI Cent 4 x 34 in. MEDIAEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 355 336 Lock, iron, square, with projecting rounded corners, and curved sliding hasp ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5J X 6 in. Aldgate, 1902. 337 Lock, oblong box form ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 X 2Jin. (fun Wharf. 338 Lock, iron, heart shaped ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5} in. 1. 339 Fetter lock, iron, consisting of tubular padlock with large semi- circular bar. and another loop with long oval link ; XVII Cent. ; 4J X 4} in. and 4 X 4 in. Thames, near Triiiple. 340 Lock, iron, circular box form, with projection on face ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. diam. ; imperfect. Jiarge Yard. 341 Lock, iron ; with elaborate key ; XVIII Cent. ; 9 in. X 5J, in. Bread Street If ill. 342 Door latch, wrought iron, the flat plate is rather elaborately pierced ; below the main bar is a shorter one with a loop, which revolves, and . this may have been used to prevent the longer bolt from dropping into the catch, if required ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1., 3 in. w. London Wall. 343 Door latch, iron, plain form : circa XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 344 Latch fastening, iron, slightly ornamented on lower edge ; XVII Cent. ; 3J in. 1. London. 345 Bolt for door, iron, with engraved ornament ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 1. 346 Lock, iron, of box type ; Tudor, 3J in. sq. Tabernacle Street, 1902. 347 Lock-plate, of pierced ornamental steel ; XVII Cent. ; 7f X 4 in. 348 Hasp of lock, iron, curved, with spike at one end and catch at the other ; the surface is decorated with a few incised lines ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 349 Bolt of lock, iron, with Hat plate above ; from this project two rods, -each of which has a spring plate attached, in different directions ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Hambro Wharf, 1904. 350 Lock-plate, pierced iron ; somewhat resembling a coat-of-arms, with coronet above ; foreign ; XVII Cent. ; 6 X 4 in. 351 Portion of lock, iron ; tubular, with raised wavv lilies on surface ; XVII Cent. ; 2& in. 1. London. 352 Lock, plain ; back plate of brass, with two brass keys attached. PADLOCKS. 353 Padlock, iron, tubular form, with projecting ribs at sides ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 354 Padlock, iron, similar, oblong slot at one end and T shaped slot at the other ; XIII XIV Cent. ; 4J in. 1. Dowgate Hill. 355 Padlock, iron, somewhat heart shaped, semi-circular loop above XV Cent. ; 4 j in. 1. 356 Padlock, iron, square form, with angular projection below ; the hasp is semi-circular above, and one end is prolonged down the side, pro- jecting below and terminating in a flat button, which must be pushed up to release the catch ; XV Cent. ; 4.J x 2f in. 24* 356 MEDIEVAL KEYS AND LOCKS. 357 Padlock, iron, tubular, with semi-circular loop ; XV Cent. ; 3J in. L City Ktiad. 358 Hasp for padlock, iron, flat portion ornamented with incised lines : XV Cent. ; 4| in. 1., 2jj in. w. London. 359 Padlock, iron, maker's mark " I," a crescent above : XVI Cent. ; 6i X 3| in. 360 Padlock or manacle, iron, with cylindrical box : XVI Cent.; 4 in. 1., If in. diam. Thames Street. 361 Padlock, iron, of tubular form, with semi-circular hasp ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 362-363 Padlocks (two), iron, of similar form ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1.. 4 in. h. Blacltfriars and Old Swan Lane, 1867. 364 Padlock, brass, tubular, with curved hasp, the lower part of the socket projects below, and the ends are perforated to receive the under part of the hasp, which curves under ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2 X U in. 365 Padlock, iron, with an oblong- link, and a spirally twisted link attached : XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 X 3f in. London Wall. 366 Padlock, iron, oblong, box form, with curved hasp ; XVI XVII Cent.; 2 X 2 in. London Wall, 1902. 367 Padlock, iron, with semi-circular hasp, and tubular socket for key :. XVII XVIII Cent. : 3 X 2 in. 368 Padlock, iron, broad, lower portion angular : XVI XVII Cent. : 5i X 3 in. 369-370 Padlocks (two), iron, ball form, circular loop above : XVI XVII Cent.; 2J X If in., and 2J X Ijl in. Sm-ithjield and Moorfteldg. 371 Padlock, iron, oblong form ; XVI XVII Cent.; 4| X 3 in. Smith- field. 372 Padlock, brass, in form of a female head, with keyhole at side : probably XVII Cent. ; If in. 1., 1 in. w. London Wall. 373 Padlock, iron, flat under side, curved front, midrib down centre : XVII Cent. : 4 in. London Wall. 374 Padlock, cast iron, "In" on back : XVII Cent. : 4 X 3J in. 375 Padlock, iron, the whole object forming an oval ; the plate over the key-hole lifts, with a hinge above : on one face " H c " is impressed : XVII Cent. ; 5$ in. 1. 376 Padlock, barrel-shaped, with ribbed sides, semi-circular loop : XVII Cent.; Ifi X 2 in. 377-378 Padlocks (two), iron, triangular form, with semi-circular loop - r XVII Cent. ; 2 in. and 3 in. 1. London Wall. 379-380 Padlocks (two), iron, oblong box form, oval loop above ; XVII Cent.; 14 X Ik in. 381 Padlock, iron, flat under side, curved front, broad midrib down centre ; XVII Cent. : 3 in. 1. 382 Ball padlock, iron : XVII Cent. ; 3 X 2^ in. London. 383-384 Ball padlocks (two), iron ; XVII Cent. ; 2 x H in., and 1J x I in. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 357 385 Padlock, iron, with flat back, curved front, having broad ribbed midrib down centre, squared loop, and a thin wire at side to keep the two portions together when unlocked. The key is still in position ; probably XVIII Cent. ; 5J in. 1. 386-387 Padlocks (two), similar, plain ; If in. and 2 in. 1. 388 Padlock, cast iron, on which is impressed " T. TODD. RICHARDS MAKER, OLD BARGE HOUSE " ; 5 in. 1. 389 Padlock, iron, with spring shutter to front, having key in position ; XVIII Cent, ; If in. 390-391 Padlocks (two), iron, square form, with oblong projections front and back; XVIII Cent. ; If in. and 1 in. 392 Screw padlock, iron, tubular, with curved hasp or loop ; XVIII Cent, ; 2| in. 1. 393-394 Padlocks (two), iron, tubular socket ; XVIII Cent. ; 2 X 2J in. London. 395 Padlock, iron, tubular, with curved hasp; maker's mark, "IP" at end ; XVII Cent. ; 4 x 4^ in. National Safe Deposit Company, Queen Victoria Street. 396 Padlock, iron, semi-circular, with projection below ; above, a flat plate and long rod, which received the hasp now missing ; XVII Cent. ; 7 x 4 in. London Wall. 397 Padlock, iron, tubular, imperfect ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 398 Padlock, iron, with hasp ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; Tower Bridge, 1890. MEDIAEVAL AND LATER PERIODS. XXVIII. KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. The knives are of iron, except where otherwise stated. EARLY MEDI/EVAL. 1 Knife, short blade, wooden handle m the form of a bearded male figure wearing a close-fitting hood, on one side are triangular marks ; probably prior to the XII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 2 Knife-blade, broad form, slightly-curved edge, angular projection at back, short broad tang ; early mediaeval ; 8J in. 1. London Wall. 3 Cleaver, iron ; broad below, straight back, with wooden handle expanding to butt, decorated with three incised lines ; early mediaeval ; 12| in. 1. Moor fields. 4-6 Knives (three), somewhat triangular blade ; of earlv mediaeval type ; 8 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 7-9 Knives (three), of early mediaeval form ; 5| in. 1. Lwidon and Holborn Viaduct, 1867. 358 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 10 Knife-blade, iron, broad base, tapering sharply to point, long tang ; probably early mediaeval ; 8 in. 1. London. 11 Knife, with short broad blade, the back contracting rapidly to- wards the point; early mediaeval (?); 5| in. 1. London. 12 Knife-blade, iron, long slender form, thick back, stout tang ; early mediaeval ; if in. 1. London. 13 Knife-blade, similar ; early mediaeval ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 14 Knife, sub-triangular blade, short tang, similar ; early mediaeval ; 5| in. 1. London. 15 Knife-blade, iron, short form, curved edge ; early mediaeval ; 5 in. 1. London. 16 Cleaver, iron; broad, leaf-shaped blade, with stout tang; early mediaeval ; 14 in. 1. 17 Chopper, or broad knife, iron, with long blade and slender tang ; probably early mediaeval ; 10 in. 1. London. X1V-XV CENTURIES. 18 Knife ; probably XIV Cent. Fleet Ditch. 19 Knife, long slender blade ; maker's mark, a buckle ; a " server's " knife ; XIV XV Cent. ; 11-J in. 1. ,London. 20 Knife-blade, tapering to point, bevelled at back on one side for some distance, the lower portion of the blade has a deep groove near the back, which is there flat ; maker's mark, a chalice ; XIV XV Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 21 Knife, iron, the handle formed of thin plates of bronze engraved in panels, with birds, lozenge and other patterns, these plates are turned over and fastened to the iron tang, which is perforated for six bronze rivets, one of which remains, the blade is leaf shaped with a thick convex back, the chape is still fixed to the point of the blade ; XIV XV Cent. ; 19* in. 1. PL LXXXIII, 7. Three Cranes Wharf. 22 Knife, slender blade, solid iron handle terminating in a semi- circular projection, pierced with two holes ; XIV XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. XV CENTURY. 23 Knife, broad handle plate, short tapering blade, the brass ferrule has an incised "rayed" ornament, and the brass cap at base of handle has on one face an engraved demi-figure of the Virgin, crowned and bearing palm branch, within a semi-circular headed arch on the other is a scroll with "MARIA" in Gothic letters: XV Cent. ; 7| in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 15. London Wall, 1901. 24 Knife ; imperfect ; with iron blade and brass handle, on the ferrule are the words " TIME DEVM " ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. I. City of London. 25 Knife-blade, bevelled at back, iron, maker's mark a chalice ( ?) : XV Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 26 Knife, iron, with slender blade, thin tang, and broad brass ferrule, on which is an incised foliated ornament ; maker's mark, a star ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. London Wall. MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 359 27 Knife, tapering blade, contracting suddenly below, with narrow handle-plate perforated for rivets ; maker's mark, a sword ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. London Wall, 1901-2. 28 Knife -blade, back curved towards point, broad base, the edge incurved from base towards point, long narrow tang ; maker's mark, a group of long and short lines ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. London Wall. 29-31 Knives (three), slender type, blade bevelled on one face at back, solid iron handle; maker's mark; XV Cent.; 7| in. 1. London and Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 32 Knife, iron, slender form, flat handle-plate, maker's mark on blade ; XV Cent. ; 11 in. 1. London. 33 Knife, short broad blade, wooden handle grooved down centre, circular iron studs within groove, trefoil butt of iron ; early XV (?) Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 34 Knife, unusually slender, with iron handle terminating in broad loop with arched head ; XV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. PI. LXXXTII, 10. J.B.A.A., xxix. 422. 35 Cleaver, iron, edge curving to point, stout tang, with traces of wooden handle ; XV Cent. ; 13 in. 1. Broad Street. 36 Knife, slender form, the blade curved forwards in an unusual manner, the handle is solid with spherical butt ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 37 Knife, slender blade, solid iron handle, terminating in an acorn- shaped boss, the base retains traces of gilding ; XV Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 38 Knife, short broad blade, squared at base, with long bone handle, decorated with a row of circle and dot pattern ; XV Cent. ( ?) ; 6| in. 1. Southward. 39 Knife, long straight blade, the handle has a row of brass pins on each side, and terminates in a ring ; imperfect ; probably XV Cent. ; 10^ in. 1. Southward. 40 Knife, slender solid handle, terminating in a circular disc, with knob below ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 41 Knife, slender type, the edge of blade curved towards the back ; the handle is narrow, decorated with small wooden plates in the centre ; XV Cent, ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 42 Knife, slender type, handle composed of iron frame set with bone ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 43 Knife, fragmentary, with broad handle-plate, terminating in an engraved brass butt ; XV Cent. Fleet Ditch. 44 Knife, short slender blade, iron handle terminating in a knob ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall, 1866. 45 Knife, iron, slender blade, brass ferrule, slender tang for handle, small brass cap at base ; the edge of the blade has been notched to form a sort of saw ; XV Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London Wall. 46 Knife, iron, incurved edge, long tang for handle ; XV Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 360 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKK, ETC. 47-48 Knives (two), of slender form, with solid handle and loop at base ; XV Cent. ; 6| and 7 in. 1. London. 49 50 Knives (two), similar; XV Cent. ; 6 in. and 5| in. 51 Knife, with ridge on each face of handle, ring at base ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. London. 52 Knife, with solid spirally-twisted handle ; XV Cent. ( ?) ; 5| in. 53 Knife, portion, with bone handle, having six rivets ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 54 Knife-handle, wood, with portion of blade, the handle is inlaid with groups of dots in pewter ; XV Cent. London. 55 Knife, slender blade, iron handle, with arched opening at butt ; XV Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 56 Knife, iron, with portion of wooden handle, covered with leather ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 57 Knife, slender form, blade imperfect, brass handle, deeply fluted spirally, butt terminating in an ornament resembling a flower-bud ; XV Cent. ; 6i in. 1. PL LXXXIV, 13. Fleet Ditch. J.B.A.A., xxix, p. 422. 58 Knife, short broad blade, brass handle, open in centre (probably for bone plates, now decayed away), pierced butt ending in a knob ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 8. London. J.B.A.A., xxix, p. 422. 59 Knife, short broad blade, narrow wooden handle decorated with large iron studs, trefoil-shaped iron butt ; XV Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City Road. 60 Knife, short broad blade, narrow wooden handle, trefoil butt of iron ; maker's mark, inlaid copper ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. City Road. 61 Knife, broad blade, bone handle grooved down centre and deco- rated with large iron studs, iron butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XV Cent. ; 7| in. 1. City Road. 62 Knife, short broad type, having flat handle plate mounted with brass ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 63 Knife, short broad blade, with flat handle plate, having brass ferrule and butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. West Smithfield. 64 Knife, slender blade, and flat, narrow copper handle with large perforation at butt ; probably XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 65 Knife, iron, with ivory handle, circular in section, the base deco- rated with a " fylfot " deeply incised ; probablv XV Cent. ; 6i in. 1. Lime Street. 1884. 66 Knife, short broad blade, tapering to point, bone ferrule, and bone mounts to handle tang, the intermediate parts, probably of wood, having decayed away ; XV Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Finsbury. 67 Knife, curved edge to blade, iron tang, the latter perforated with two rivet holes for attachment of ivory, bone, or wooden plates, and mounted with brass ferrule and butt ; XV Cent. ; 6 in. 1. City of London. MKDI/KVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 361 Knife or dagger, long, tapering flat blade, single edged, the handle-plate, of brass, being spirally twisted, with brass butt ; maker's mark, a crown, on blade ; XV Cent. ; 10| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. XV-XVI CENTURIES. 69 Knife, short blade, brass handle, on the ferrule is inscribed " DEVM," on the lower portion of handle on one side is the Cruci- fixion, on the other a figure of a saint, probably St. Barbara; the centre of the handle appears to have had bone mounts, which being lost, were replaced by contemporary wire binding ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 70 Knife, portion only, with brass ferrule and long brass butt, on which are engraved a male and a female figure ; maker's marks on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5| in. present 1. PI. LXXXIII, 16. London Wall. 71 Knife, slender type, with iron butt ; maker's mark, M. ; XV XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 72 Knife, long, tapering blade (point missing), with flat handle mounted with wood, and curved iron butt ; maker's mark. S on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Fleet Ditch, 1865. The blade has been notched to convert it into a saw. 73 Knife, slender form, with wooden handle, having a semi-circular projection on one side at base ; maker's mark, a circle ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London. 74 Knife, curved edge, straight back, with wooden handle ; maker's mark, a circle, curved line above ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8| in. 1. London Wall. 75 Knife, slender blade, solid iron handle, decorated with cabled moulding ; maker's mark, a circle ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 76 Knife, blade broad at base, tapering to point, iron handle plate, the butt in the form of a grotesque human face ; maker's mark, a fleur-de-lis on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 10 in. 1. London. 77 Knife, broad blade, with unusually curved edge, narrow iron handle, with flattened hemispherical butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. City Road. 78 Knife, long, slender type, with plain wooden handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 9| in. 1. Farringdon Street. 79 Knife, slender type, with wooden handle inlaid with brass, and decorated brass butt ; maker's mark in copper on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Providence How. 80 Knife, long blade, curved edge, with slender iron handle and decorated butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 81 Knife, long, slender form, with wooden plates on handle ; maker's mark in copper on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Providence Row. 82 Knife, iron, long slender type, narrow handle, expanding at base ; maker's mark in brass ; XV XVI Cent. ; 7-& in. 1. London. 362 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 83 Knife, iron handle, terminating in an oval with knob below ; maker's mark ; XV XVI Cent. ; 84 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf. 1867. 84 Knife, slender form, with bone handle, and brass butt, the latter having indented cross lines ; maker's mark, a symbol ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 10. Fleet Ditch. 85 Knife, slender form, with wooden handle and brass butt : maker's mark, a symbol ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London. 86 Knife, similar, with iron butt ; maker's mark ; 8| in 1. Fleet Ditch. 87 Knife, long blade with squared base, strongly bevelled on one side at back, narrow handle, expanding below ; maker's mark inlaid brass ; XV XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 88 Knife, short slender type, narrow, point'ed blade, bone handle ; makers mark on blade ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City Road. 89 Knife, narrow blade, and extremely slender handle, the blade is elaborately decorated with incised scrolls, which have been gilt, the handle also is decorated with incised loops and has a plate of bone down the centre, the butt is long and very ornate ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 90 Knife, slender type, curved edge to blade, narrow iron handle, globular butt ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 91 Knife, short iron blade, stout wooden handle ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 92 Knife, short slender form, curved edge to blade, narrow iron handle, squared butt ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 ^ in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 93 Knife, short broad blade, with obtuse point, having a brass ferrule ornamented with a cable pattern, and a plain brass butt ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 94 Knife, broad at base, tapering to end of blade, which has an obtuse point, brass mounts to handle-plate ; XV XVI Cent ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 95 Knife, slender blade, solid iron handle, terminating in a circular disc ; XV XVI Cent. ; 8f in. 96 Knife, broad, leaf-shaped blade, tapering towards point, long, slender hooked tang; XV XVI Cent.; 12 in. 1. London. 97 Knife, somewhat broad blade, bevelled at back on one face, solid iron handle, with spherical butt ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PL LXXXIII, 15. City Road. 98 Knife, short broad blade, with triangular point ; slender iron handle ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 99 Knife, iron handle, with an amber disc on either side of the centre ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Tower Bridge, 1890. 100-101 Currier's knives (two), similar, having a somewhat triangular blade, and a horned projecting handle at base ; Tudor ; 7^ X 3,}: in. and 6 x 3 in. London Wall. 102 Server's knife, slender form, blade bevelled at back for half length of blade, narrow handle, expanding below ; maker's mark ".S."; XV XVI Cent.; Hi in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 6. Farring- don Street. MEDIEVAL KXIVKS, FORKS, ETC. 363 103 Knife-blade, portion only, with the following inscription etched upon it : " D. w KENXESM AND w CRED MARYE CA o 1521 " on one face, on the other. " i HAVE TO DELYTE ix ME HAND OF " ; a vase below, a rudely-executed bust above ; 5J in. 1. London Wall, 1866. XVI CENTURA. 104 Knife, portion of blade, with plate of ivory remaining on one side of handle-plate, having " sine rie " in Gothic letters picked out with minute silver studs ; maker's mark, a symbol, inlaid silver on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 105 Knife, portion only, with brass ferrule and butt, the latter having a demi-figure of the Saviour upon one face and a figure of a female saint upon the other ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 106 Knife, curved edge to blade, handle expanding towards base, and composed of plates of brown and black ivory ; on the blade is etched " H." scrolls, and floral devices: XVI Cent.; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 107 Knife, long slender type, with straight-sided blade, terminating in a triangular point ; the handle is long, mounted with wooden plates, and has a steel butt; maker's mark "M" on blade; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Farringdon Street. 108 Knife, long slender type, narrow tapering blade, on the lower portion of which are etched scrolls, and " G. W."; the handle is long and narrow, mounted with wood, and has an iron butt shaped somewhat like an acorn; maker's mark, a crown and " P." on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 109 Knife, slender blade, decorated iron handle; maker's mark, "P" (?) on blade; XVI Cent.; 7 in. 1. West Smith field. 110 Knife ; blade imperfect ; with slender handle, having a long iron ferrule, on which is incised " RV." bone plates in the centre of the handle, and an acorn-shaped butt ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 111 Portion of knife, blade decorated with engraved scrolls and ' W S." ; slender handle of wood with decorated brass butt, showing traces of gilding ; maker's mark, a symbol : XVI Cent. ; 5f in. present 1. Fleet Ditch. 112 Knife, with bone handle decorated with pierced circular and other ornament, and incised designs ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. PI. LXIX, 1. Attached to above is a XVII Century chain and loop of pewter. 22j in. 1.. the latter inscribed " x. B." and decorated with small figures and a mask. 113 Knife, slender type, short blade, with bone handle terminating in a female bust in the costume of the Tudor period ; XVI Cent. ; 6i in. 1. PI. LXXXIV. 12. Fleet Ditch. 114 Knife ; imperfect ; with solid iron handle, overlaid with brass, on which are engraved a male and female figure, masks, a helmet, shields, and floral designs ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 17. London Wall. 364 .MEDIAEVAL, KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 115 Knife, portion only, with brass ferrule, on which is incised a foli- ated design, at the base is a butt of brass, on one side of which is engraved the figure qf a rabbit or hare, on the other the demi- figure of a female saint, crowned and bearing a rod or staff in the left hand ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 116 Knife, broad blade, with triangular point, bevelled on one face at back; slender wooden handle; maker's mark. "M"; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 117 Knife, long slender blade, and narrow handle-plate expanding at base; maker's mark, ".S."; XVI Cent.; 9^ in. 1. London Wall. 118 Knife ; imperfect ; the handle has traces of the wooden mount ; maker's mark, a chess-piece and a crescent ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 119 Knife-blade, straight backed ; maker's mark, a chess-man ; XVI Cent. ; 65 in. 1. London Wall. 120 Knife, short broad blade, wooden handle expanding at base ; maker's mark, a chess-pawn ( ?) within a crescent ; XVI Cent. ; 7f in. 1. London Wall. 121 Knife, similar, but more slender in form ; maker's mark, a chess-piece ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall. 122 Knife, flat-backed blade, curved edge, simple wooden handle ; maker's mark, a chess-piece (?) within a crescent; XVI Cent.; 8| in. 1. London Wall. 123 Knife, slender form, with wooden handle, decorated with brass studs, and shaped butt ; maker's mark, a circle ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 124 Knife, slender type, bone handle, with brass studs ; maker's mark, a circle; XVI Cent.; 9 in. 1. London. 125 Knife, similar, but with no expansion at base of handle ; maker's mark, a circle ; XVI Cent. ; 7\ in. 1. London Wall. 126 Knife ; maker's mark, a circle and crown ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 127 Knife, well-formed blade, curved at edge, slender wooden handle, expanding and rounded at butt ; maker's mark, compasses on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 74 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 128 Knife, iron, with short narrow blade ; the handle, in which are three brass studs and a brass-edged perforation, expands at the base ; maker's mark, two crescents ; Tudor ; 4| in. I. London Wall. 129 Knife, short broad blade, with broad perforated tang for handle ; maker's mark, a Maltese Cross ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 130 Knife, blade tapering to a point ; maker's mark, a cross or dagger ; XVI Cent. ; 10^ in. 1. London Wall. 131 Knife, iron, straight back, curved edge, wooden handle ; maker's mark, a crown ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London Wall. 132 Knife, wooden handle ; maker's mark, a crozier, inlaid with copper ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FOEKS, ETC. 365 133 Knife, slender type, curved edge, straight back, wooden handle ; maker's mark, four dots ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 134 Knife, blade tapering from base to point, narrow handle-plate ; maker's mark, a feather ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. 135 Knife, broad blade, end cut off at an angle, with iron ferrule and portion of wooden handle remaining ; maker's mark a fleur-de-lis ; XVI Cent. ; 10 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 136 Knife-blade, somewhat triangular in form; maker's mark, fleur-de-lis ; Tudor ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 137 Knife, with flat tang and rivets in position ; maker's mark, a, flower ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. 138 Knife-blade, short, portion of wooden handle, inlaid with brass studs; maker's mark, a hammer (?) in copper; XVI Cent.; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 139 Knife-blade, iron, with portion of handle attached by copper studs to the handle-plate ; maker's mark a heart, inlaid copper ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London . Wall, 1901. 140 Knife, slightly-tapering blade, broad tang, blade bevelled on one side only ; maker's mark a heart, in copper ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 141 Knife, tapering blade, curved edge, wooden handle ; maker's mark, a horse-shoe ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 142 Knife, with brass hoof-shaped butt ; maker's mark, an orb ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 3. London. 143 Knife, slender blade, wooden handle with brass rivets, and butt in form of two horse-hoofs ; maker's mark, pincers ( ?) ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 144 Knife, slender, blade thick-backed below, bevelled on one face towards point ; iron handle plate, with flower-shaped butt ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Brooks' Wliurj. 145 Knife-blade, back and edge curving to point, long tang for handle ; maker's mark, a nail on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall (?). 146 Knife, broad blade, curved edge, wooden handle pierced at base, with iron butt ; maker's mark, a quatrefoil ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 147 Knife-blade, small slender type ; maker's mark, a scimitar ; XVI Cent. ; 4J: in. 1. London Wall. 148 Knife, long broad blade, tapering to point, iron handle plate, butt in form of a bird's head ; maker's mark, a sickle-like object in copper ; XVI Cent. ; 9i in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 149 Knife, broad blade, terminating in an acute point, handle expanding towards base, having a pear-shaped butt ; maker's mark, a star ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 2. Clerken- ivell, 1864. 150 Knife-blade, straight foro> with curved end ; maker's mark, a star ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. London Wall, 1902. 366 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 151 Knife, long slender blade, narrow wooden handle, with brass piu and brass butt ; maker's mark, a star on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 152 Knife, short slender form, with decorated wooden handle ; maker's mark, a symbol ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 153 Knife, long slender blade, narrow handle, with decorated iron butt ; on the blade is an etched device, and maker's mark, a symbol ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Fleet Ditch 154 Knife ; imperfect, with wooden handle having three brass rivets ; maker's mark, a symbol ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 155 Knife, slender form, edge curving towards back at point ; narrow handle, circular at butt ; maker's mark, triangle in copper ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 156 Knife, point of blade missing, with wooden handle ; maker'.s murk, two dotted lines ; XVI Cent. ; 7f in. 1. London. 157 Knife, slender form, square end to blade, narrow handle, with wooden plates ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 158 Knife, slender type, the handle is of bone or ivory ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 159 Knife, slender blade, and narrow handle with bone plates ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Farringdon Street. 160 Knife, slender type, with solid handle ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. London. 161 Knife, broad blade, narrow handle, with circular butt set with a large rivet ; maker's mark in copper ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Clerkenwell. 162 Knife, short blade, handle covered with plates of whalebone (?); maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. Flevt Ditch. 163 Knife, iron blade, with hoof-shaped butt in brass ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. 164 Knife, long slender blade, flat broad handle-plate ; maker's mark ; Tudor ; 7| in. London Wall. 165 Knife, broad tapering blade, the handle-plate narrow above and expanding towards base ; maker's mark ; Tudor ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 166 Knife, slender form, edge curved back towards the point, narrow handle -plate with three brass studs ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 167 Knife, short broad blade, narrow wooden handle, base terminating in a knob; maker's mark inlaid copper; XVI Cent. : 71 in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 1. London Wall. 168 Knife, straight back, bevelled on one side for the greater portion of its length, curved edge, solid iron ferrule and butt, wooden plate on handle ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 71 in. I. London Wall. 169 Knife ; imperfect ; wooden handle ; maker's mark in copper ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall. 170 Knife, similar, maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 367 171 Knife, short broad blade, with incised maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 6i in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 172 Artisan's knife, long broad blade, with tang ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. Note. Many artisans' knives occurred at this spot, and were probably used in the manufacture of leather objects. 173 Knife-blade, slender form, with the end cut off obliquely; incised maker's mark; XVI Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 174 Knife-blade, end terminating at an angle ; with maker's mark ; the edge is notched irregularly ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 175 Knife, slender blade, with wooden handle; indented maker's mark; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 176 Knife, blade terminating at an angle, remains of wooden handle : indented maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 177 Knife-blade, curved edge, with brass ferrule and broad tang perforated for rivets ; indented maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 178 Knife, straight-backed, blade and handle in one line, broad handle- plate with brass ferrule ; impressed maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 179 Knife, slender blade, with straight back, curved edge, wooden handle, with hoof-like projection at butt ; maker's mark on blade : XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 13. London Wall. 180 Knife, with broad blade and narrow wooden handle ; maker's mark in copper on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 181-182 Knives (two), slender form, with straight back, curved edge, por- tions of the wooden handle and the brass butt remain on the handle-plate ; maker's mark in brass on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. and 7i in. 1. London Wall. 183 Knife, iron blade (broken), flattened wooden handle, brass mounts ; maker's mark impressed and inlaid with copper ; XVI Cent. ; 4|- in. 1. London Wall. 184 Knife, iron, short broad blade, tapering to a point, slender wooden handle with brass rivets, butt in shape of a horse's hoof, in brass ; maker's mark impressed ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 185 Knife, iron, slender blade, obliquely incised shoulder, somewhat broad handle-plate expanding below ; maker's mark incised on blade; XVI Cent. London. 186 Knife-blade, long slender form, with maker's mark; 11 in. 1. Fleet Ditch, 1867. 187 Knife, short blade, long handle, with large brass studs, and horse- hoof foot of brass ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 188 Knife, slender form, with bone handle ; maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City Road. 308 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 189 Knife, slender type, sharp pointed blade, narrow wooden handle, with decorated brass butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 64 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 190 Knife, curved edge to blade, upper portion of back bevelled, strongly-defined spirally-fluted handle consisting of brass wire, flat brass butt ; maker's mark in copper ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. City Road. 191 Knife, handle formed of horn slips, riveted to the tang, engraved brass butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City of London. 192 Knife, wooden handle, with brass rivets, terminating in double horse-hoof butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. 193 Knife, wooden handle terminating in a butt in form of a hammer- head in brass ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 194 Knife, wooden handle with brass mounts ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. PI LXXXIII, 14. London. 195 Knife ; the blade inlaid with maker's mark ; ornamented wooden handle fastened to tang by four rivets, perforated at butt for suspension ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. City of London. 196 Knife, of iron, the blade and handle in one piece ; maker's mark on blade ; handle decorated with foliate design at butt ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City of London. 197 Knife, curved edge to blade, simple wooden handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 198 Knife, slender form, bone handle with hole at end for suspension, brass butt in form of a crown ; maker's mark in copper on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 199 Knife, brass handle, with foliated repousse design ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London. 200 Knife, slender type, blade short and curved at edge, handle long, with wooden plates in centre and decorated brass butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 201 Knife, slender form, blade tapering to point, solid flat handle, expanding at base ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 202 Knife, slender type, with solid handle, and grooved butt ; maker's mark, " V " on blade; XVI Cent. ; 8^ in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 203 Knife, short blade, curved at edge, slender handle, expanding at butt, which is ribbed ; maker's mark on blade ; the handle has been at one time heavily gilt ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in 1. City Road. 204 Knife, slender type, blade bevelled on one side at back, narrow solid iron handle, decorated on one side with incised design ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 205 Knife, long slender blade, deeply-grooved bone handle, tapered at butt ; maker's mark OP '-lade ; XVI Cent. ; 10 in 1. Fleet Ditch. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 369 206 Knife, long blade, with curved edge and solid iron handle, having a shaped butt ; maker's mark on blade ; probably XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 207 Knife, slender form, with long horn handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Clerkenwell. 208 Knife, narrow blade, curved edge, slender iron handle, octagonal in section, with globular butt of same section ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 209 Knife, slender form, with long horn handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City Road. 210 Knife, bone handle, with large studs and trefoil butt'; maker's mark on blade, which is imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 211 Knife, short, slender type, with wooden handle inlaid at the base with wire, and having brass butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI ' Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 212 Knife, much rusted, brass butt, with bone disc in centre ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 213 Knife, with wooden handle ornamented with trefoils ; XVI Cent. ; 6i in. 1. PI. LXXXII, 12. London. 214 Knife, small, with bone base, apparently to fit into a handle, probably a scribe's knife ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. 1. London. 215 Knife ; imperfect ; with wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 8^ in. 1. London. 216 Knife, slender form, with long blade, bevelled at back on one side, narrow handle and brass butt, the latter spherical and spirally fluted ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 217 Knife, much rusted, with brass-mounted handle and double hoof- shaped butt ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Providence Row. 218 Knife, handle consisting of oval plates of brass separated by discs of bone, the butt ornamented with circle and dot ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 11. 219 Knife, narrow type, the edge of blade is curved towards the back at the point ; the handle is slender, mounted with wood, with iron butt ; XVI Cent, ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 220 Knife, long blade, narrow handle, with spirally-fluted brass butt of globular form ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Farringdon Street, 1867. 221 Knife, slender form, with straight-backed blade, curved edge, and narrow handle of ivory, having a deep central groove ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 222 Knife, slender form, wooden plate on handle and brass butt ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 223 Knife, wooden handle, set with row of fine rivets down the centre ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Tower fridge, 1890. 224 Knife, with iron blade, fluted wooden handle, expanding below ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 225 Knife, short blade, upper end cut off at right angles, wooden handle with large circular iron studs, and long cylindrical iron butt ; early XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 25 370 MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 226 Knife, slender blade, with solid iron handle, having knob at base ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 227 Knife, bevelled on one side at back, with curved edge and wooden handle terminating in a brass loop : XVI Cent. ; 7f in. 1. London Wall. 228 Knife, slender blade, narrow towards point ; flat handle-plate ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in: 1. London Wall. 229 Knife, blade much ground away, with wooden handle, set with large and small brass studs ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 230 Knife, iron, short broad blade, end finished obliquely, with long broad tang for handle ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 231 Knife-like tool, iron, broad straight-backed blade, with brass plate at junction of handle with blade, and octagonal wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 10| in. 1. London. 232 Knife, steel blade, of narrow form, wooden handle with brass studs terminating in a brass cap representing two horse's hoofs ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. 233 Knife, short blade, with remains of handle and brass cap at base pierced for suspension ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 234 Knife, broad blade, tapering towards point, with bone handle, brass mounted, and perforated at end ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 235 Knife, similar ; imperfect ; XVI Cent. ; 8f in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 236 Knife, tapering blade, broad handle plate, pierced for suspension ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 237 Knife, wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 238 Knife, slender blade, wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 239 Knife, short broad blade, with remains of wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; if in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 240 Knife, portion only, short broad blade, with brass mounts remain- ing on the tang ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 241 Knife, iron, with curved edge, flat back and wooden handle, bifurcated at base ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 242 Knife, wooden handle, bifurcated at base, brass rivets and butt ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 243 Knife, iron, broken blade, wooden handle, with brass butt and rivets; XVI Cent.; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 244 Knife, iron, short blade, oblique end, broad tang, hole in base for suspension ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall. 245 Knife, iron, wooden handle, bone ferrule and cap ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 246-248 Knives (three), iron, tapering blades, long tangs; artisans' tools; XVI Cent. ; 6^ in., 6| in., and 7 in. 1. London Wall. 249 Knife, iron, broad blade, squared at end, with broad flat tang ; an artisan's tool ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 371 250 Knife, broad blade, curved wooden handle, in leather sheath ; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. 1. PL LXXXIV, 2. London. 251 Knife, short broad blade, in wooden sheath with pierced brass mounts ; XVI Cent. ; 9* in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 3. London. 252 Knife, slender blade, in leather sheath decorated with lozenge and linear ornament; XVI Cent.; 9 in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 1. London. 253 Knife, long blade, stout handle, set with large brass studs, double horse-hoof butt in brass ; XVI Cent. ; 8| in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 4. London. 254 Knife, slender type, with shaped iron butt ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. Fleet Ditch. 255 Knife, slender type, with decorated brass handle ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in.- 1. PI. LXXXIH, 12. Providence Row. 256 Knife, narrow form, the blade slightly bevelled at back and at point, the latter is triangular, the handle is slender, with long iron butt, terminating in a knob, which is spirally fluted ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. 257 Knife, with somewhat short broad blade, curving at back towards the point, the tang still retains the brass studs and portion of the wooden handle, the butt is brass and in the form of two horse's hoofs curving outwards from the centre ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall. 258 Knife-blade, curved edge, with maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 4J in. 1. Royal Exchange. 259 Knife, iron, broad blade, pointed at end, with slender tang ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. 260 Knife, leaf-shaped blade, grooved along blunt side, with long slender tang ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1 261 Knife, blade much decayed, with wooden handle ; probably Tudor ; 6^ in. 1. London. 262 Knife, with iron blade and wooden handle ; probably Tudor ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 263 Knife-blade, iron, with unusually thick back, and flat bronze ferrule to tang, which' is long, and square in section ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 264 Knife, steel, with brass handle, decorated with deeplv-incised lozenge designs; XVI Cent,; 7 in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 11. Provi- dence Row. 265 Knife, short broad blade, witli wooden handle expanding at butt, which is semi-circular, at the lower end is a large brass stud ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Long Alley. 266 Knife, broad blade, curved edge with solid iron handle hexagonal in section, and ball-shaped butt : XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 267 Knife, slender type, with brass-mounted handle inlaid with flat plates of bone, oval butt ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. City Road. 268 Knife, short slender type, with ferrule and butt of iron, and narrow handle plate ; XVI Cent, ; 4| in. 1. London. 25* 372 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FOEKS, ETC. 269 Knife, long slender type, curved edge to blade, bevelled at back on one face, slender iron handle, with globular butt ; XVI Cent. ; 9i in. 1. West Smithfield. 270 Knife, slender type, with solid narrow handle and ornamented butt ; XVI Cent. ; 8^ in. 1. London. 271 Knife, slender form, solid handle with long butt ; XVI Cent. ; 7i in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 272 Knife, short blade, tapering to point, bone handle, decorated with incised diagonal lines and dots ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. City Road, 1868. 273 Knife, slender form, edge curved, narrow brass handle decorated with incised lines ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Long Alley, 1866. 274 Knife ; blade imperfect ; with brass ferrule, wooden handle deco- rated with trefoils, engraved brass butt ; XVI Cent. ; 5f in. 1. City of London. 275 Knife, broad short blade, handle mounted with wood, perhaps boxwood, and having large curved brass butt ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 276 Knife or lancet, silver, with slender spirally fluted handle, and minute bowl at butt, for extracting powders ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 277 Knife or lancet, iron, with long tang ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. 1. 278 Knife, broad blade, with wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 8J in. 1. Tabernacle Street, 1902. 279-293 Knives (fifteen), various types, some with maker's mark on blade; XVI Cent. ; 7 to 8 in. 1. Tabernacle Street. 294 Knife-like object, iron, with rounded edge and wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Tabernacle Street, 1902. 295-296 Implements (two), in form of knife-blades, without sharp edges ^ unfinished knives (?) ; Tudor; 3^ in. and 5f in. 1. London Wall. 297 Artisan's knife, wooden handle ; maker's mark, a chess-piece in copper ; XVI Cent. ; 9 in. 1. London. 298 Artisan's knife, short blade, obtusely pointed, the wooden handle expands at base and is perforated ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 299 Artisan's knife, early type, with long Avooden handle ; Tudor ; 84 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 300 Artisan's knife, with slender blade ; XVI Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 301 Artisan's tool, in form like a knife with extremely short, square- ended blade, at the back of which is a square-sectioned projection the handle is of iron and flat ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall 1866. 302 Artisan's knife, short stout blade, long wooden handle, circular in section ; XVI Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Fleet Ditch, 1865. 303 Carving or server's knife, with long tapering blade, and wooden handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI Cent. ; 14i in. 1. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FOEKS, ETC. 373 304 Carving knife, with long blade, brass ferrule, wooden handle and brass butt ; maker's mark, fleur-de-lis ; XVI Cent. ; 12| in. PI. LXXXIII, 8. London Wall. 305 Carving knife, iron, wooden handle, a row of brass rivets are closely set down centre of handle, brass ferrule and butt, pro- jecting rivet at base ; XVI Cent. ; 8f in. 1. London Wall. 306 Server's knife, long tapering blade, slender bone handle, flat brass ferrule ; XVI Cent. ; 10 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 307 Server's knife, with iron blade and riveted bone handle ; XVI Cent. ; l6 in, 1. City of London. 308 Currier's knife, similar, maker's mark, R ; 5i in. 1. London Wall. 309 Currier's knife, concave edge ; maker's mark, a crown ; Tudor ; 6 in. 1. Providence Row, 1870. 310 Currier's knife, iron, with slender tang for handle and brass ferrule ; maker's mark, a cross ( ?) ; XVI Cent. ; 7 in, 1. London Wall. 311 Currier's knife, concave edge ; maker's mark, a flower ; Tudor ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 312 Currier's knife, concave edge ; with maker's mark, an open hand ; Tudor ; 4f in. 1. Finsbury, 1870. 313 Currier's knife, similar, wooden handle ; maker's mark : 5i in. 1. PL LXXXIV, 4. Finsbury. 314 Currier's knife, concave edge, wooden handle ; maker's mark j Tudor ; 4f in. 1. Finsbury. 315 Currier's knife, concave edge, wooden handle ; maker's mark, two symbols ; Tudor ; 4^ in. 1. London Wall. 316 Knife, with slender tapering blade, wooden handle and brass butt; XVI Cent. London. 317 Currier's knife, iron, with maker's mark ; Tudor ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 318 Currier's knife, deeply incurved edge ; Tudor ; 5^ in. 1. Finsbury. 319 Currier's knife, iron, with broad triangular blade, and pointed projection at base for the hand ; Tudor ; 6| in. 1. , 3 in. w. London Wall. 320 Currier's knife, similar, but broader ; Tudor ; 6 in. 1. , 4 in. w. London Wall. 321 Currier's knife, short blade, incurved edge ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 322 Shoemaker's knife, iron, with curved edge, horned projection at back of blade, and short wooden handle ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Worship Street. 323 Knife, short blade, slender bone handle, terminating in a female bust, wearing head-dress temp. Mary ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 374 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. XV1-XVII CENTURIES. 324 Knife, curved edge to blade, bevelled at back on one tace, slender bone handle, with brass butt, inscribed "RICHARD HOLDEN " ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 325 Knife, semi-lunar blade; maker's mark. " \v. E" conjoined and a curved line above ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 326 Knife, short, with curved edge, slender at ferrule, expanding towards base; maker's mark " E "; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall. 327 Knife, iron, with tang for handle ; imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 328 Knife-blade, curved edge, and back ; maker's mark, two Vs ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4% in. 1. Royal Exchange. 329 Knife, all steel, slender form, the handle decorated with a foliate design, and expanding at butt ; maker's mark, a broad arrow ; blade imperfect ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in 1. London. 330 Knife, somewhat slender blade, narrow wooden handle decorated with brass, butt in form of a horse's hoof ; maker's mark, an arrow ; XVI Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 331 Knife, slender type, bone handle ; maker's mark, a chess-piece ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 332 Knife-blade, iron ; maker's mark a crescent ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 333 Knife, slender type, with long iron ferrule and bone plates on handle ; maker's mark, a Saint Andrew's Cross ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 334 Knife, wooden handle fastened to tang by three small rivets ; maker's mark, crown on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City of London. 335 Knife, broad blade, with ivory butt end remaining ; maker's mark, fleur-de-lis and star; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8| in. 1. Finsbury. 336 Knife, iron blade and long slender tang, terminating in an oval bone butt, with brass boss below ; maker's mark, fleur-de-lis and star ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. Finsbury. 337 Knife-blade, with ferrule; maker's mark, "I" in copper: XVI XVII Cent. ; 6-f in. 1. London Wall. 338 Knife, slender blade, wooden handle, expanding below ; maker's mark, an orb; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Clerkenwell, 1864. 339 Knife, short blade, long handle ; maker's mark, a scribe's imple- ment ( ?\ ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 2^ in. 1. London. 340 Knife, broad blade, long wooden handle, expanding at base, which has a brass butt ; maker's mark, a star ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 341 Knife, with broad blade and wooden handle ; maker's mark, a symbol ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. 342 Knife, steel blade and handle, slender form, with slightly expand- ing butt, the handle is decorated with finely hatched lines ; maker's mark, a symbol ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 375 343 Knife, broad blade, curved at edge, with tang for handle ; indented maker's mark ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 344 Knife, long slender blade, much ground away in ancient times ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI XVII Cent, ; 8| in. 1. London Wall. 345 Knife, broad blade, with brass ferrule and butt on handle-plate, the butt is in the form of a horse's hoof curving outwards towards edge of blade ; maker's mark in copper on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London Wall. 346 Knife, somewhat broad blade, with bone handle, steel ferrule and butt ; maker's mark ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8| in. 1. Clerkenwell. 347 Knife, short broad blade, with brass handle decorated with lozenge pattern ; maker's mark ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 14. Farringdon Street. 348 Knife, small, somewhat narrow blade, flat handle-plate, sharp pointed projection at base ; maker's mark ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 349 Knife, slender blade, bevelled at back on one side ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 350 Knife-blade, iron ; maker's mark indented upon it ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 351 Knife, curved back, iron ferrule and butt, bone plates to handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8| in. 1. Clerken- well. 352 Knife, slender blade, long iron ferrule, bone handle terminating in a boldly-defined fleur-de-lis ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 61 in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 9. Fleet Ditch. 353 Knife, curved edge to blade, ivory handle of octagonal section, long iron ferrule and butt, with traces of gilt ornament ; maker's mark on blade; late XVI or early XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 354 Knife, slender blade, with decorated ivory handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Guildhall Court, 1894. 355 Knife, broad blade, tapering to point, narrow bone handle, flat iron butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 356 Knife, short, somewhat broad blade, curved edge, tapering towards point, handle slightly expanding below, and composed of plates of horn and brass alternately ; maker's mark on blade ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. .1. 357 Knife, narrow blade, solid iron handle, rounded at base, and with hatched lines on both faces ; XVI XVII Cent. PI. LXXXIH, 18. Fleet Ditch. 358 Knife, slender blade, long iron ferrule, lower portion of handle consisting of two wooden plates separated by a stout iron tang ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 359 Knife, short blade, iron ferrule and butt, the latter terminating in a knob ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6 in. Fleet Ditch. 360 Knife, broad blade, long tang, with ivory butt ; XVI XVII Cent.; 6 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 376 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FOKKS, ETC. 361 Knife-handle, brass, with elaborate floral decoration inlaid with enamel ; the butt is in form of a man playing the bag-pipes ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5 'in. 1. PI LXXXIV, 6. Wapping, 1866. J.B.A.A., xxvii, 373. 362 Knife, with bone handle, expanding towards butt, which is scal- loped ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8| in. 1. London. 363 Knife-like object, long slender form, with flattened edge; solid ferrule a-nd butt, and flat plate for bone fittings in centre of handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 364 Knife, with handle-plate, perforated for bone mounts, and with brass butt ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 1\ in. 1. London. 365 Knife, the handle originally consisting of discs of ivory or bone separated by brass plates, now much decayed ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. Londori. 366 Knife, short type, the handle composed of discs of ivory separated by groups of thin plates ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Long Alley, 1866. 367 Knife, short blade, long slender handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall 368 Knife-handle, of ivory, decorated with Tudor roses ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4f in. 1. London. 369 Knife, short blade, portion of bone mount on handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. Farringdon Street. 370 Knife, nearly straight blade, brass ferrule, wooden handle pierced at base, which is projecting ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8|- in. 1. London Wall. 371 Knife-blade, broad, with triangular point ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 8^ in. 1. London Wall. 372 Knife, iron blade, which is grooved at back, hollow brass handle, with oblong holes at intervals, bird-like ornament at butt end ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. 373 Knife ; blade imperfect ; carved bone handle, ornamented with design of lines, circles, and trefoils resembling an owl ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. City of London. 374 Knife, short broad type, with solid iron handle, having plates of mother of pearl in the centre and at the butt; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. City Eoad, 1868. 375 Knife, broad blade tapering to point on either side, pierced handle plate, forked at butt ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 84 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 376 Knife, tapering steel blade, deeply grooved at back, with wooden handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 9^ in. 1. Moor fields (?). 377 Knife, short iron blade, wooden handle, with design of indented triangles ; XVI XVTI Cent. : 4^ in. 1. London Wall. 378 Knife, short broad blade, bone handle expanding at base, with brass butt, the base of handle decorated with a group of three dots ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 1\ in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 379 Knife, short slender form, with bone handle terminating in flat brass butt, and fastened by three brass rivets ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. City of London. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 377 380 Knife, a similar specimen, with horn handle ornamented with circles and dots ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. City of London. 381-399 Knives (nineteen), some with various makers' marks ; XVI XVII Cent. ; averaging 7 in. 1. London. 400 Artisan's knife, short stout blade, wooden handle of circular section with double incised lines at intervals ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. 401 Artisan's knife-blade, with maker's mark in copper ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Southward. 402 Artisan's knife-blade, straight back, curved edge ; with maker's mark deeply incised ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London Wall. 403 Currier's knife-blade, with horned projection at back ; maker's mark, "TC."; XVI XVII Cent.; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 404 Knife, iron, back of blade slightly concave, front curving strongly to point ; solid iron handle, notched at butt ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. ClerJcenwell . 405 Knife-handle, bone, with incised decoration, and portion of blade; XVI XVII Cent. Tower Bridge. XVII CENTURY. 406 Knife, short narrow blade, rounded at end, and bone handle, decorated with groups of lines at intervals ; maker's mark, "{ A," a heart between; XVII Cent,; 6^ in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 407 Knife-blade, slender, with short tang; maker's mark, "IF"; XVII Cent. ; 5$ in. 1. London Wall. 408 Knife-blade, short broad form, with long octagonal ferrule ; maker's mark, " M" and crown; XVII Cent. ; 6| in 1. Southward. 409 Knife, broad, tapering blade, narrow solid ferrule, short handle plate expanding to base, brass butt with knob below ; maker's mark. "T"; on the lower part of the handle are a number of thin brass plates, originally interleaved with bone, now decayed ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 410 Knife, short form, with bone handle ; maker's mark, and " Cundy, 1604 (? ) " on under side of blade; 4 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 411 Knife-handle, bone, on which is incised "Cx"; XVII Cent. London Wall. 412 Knife, iron, broad blade, oblique at end: " W" incised: XVII Cent. London Wall. 413 Knife, broad short blade, wooden handle, expanding at base ; maker's mark, an arrow ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 414 Knife-blade, with long tang for handle ; maker's mark, an axe and a forked object ; XVII Cent. ; 7g in. 1. 415 Knife, ornamented ferrule and butt ; maker's mark, two crescents ; XVII Cent. Fleet Ditch. 416 Knife, similar, bone handle decorated with circle and dot ; maker's mark, a crescent ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. Long Alley, 1866. 417 Knife, with bone mounts to handle, scalloped at butt ; maker's mark, two crescents ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. London. 378 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 418 Knife, short broad blade, long iron ferrule, bone handle decorated with groups of circles, and hatched lines ; maker's mark, a crescent ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Long Alley, 1866. 419 Knife, iron blade, bone handle, perforated for suspension ; maker's mark, a cross ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London. 420 Knife ; maker's mark, a crown ; late XVII Cent. Ludgate Hill. 421 Knife-blade, curved edge ; the back, on one face, has a number of triangular notches cut at intervals (for use as a saw?) ; maker's mark, a crown and crescent ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 422 Knife-blade, straight edge, curved back ; maker's mark, a crown ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 423 Knife, horn handle, expanding towards base ; maker's mark, a fleur-de-lis (?); XVII Cent. ; 6^ in. 1. London. 424 Knife, broad blade, ivory handle ; maker's mark, a fleur-de-lis ; XVII Cent, ; 7 in. City Eoad. 425 Knife-blade, broad type, with straight edge and curved back ; maker's mark, fleur-de-lis and a chess-piece ; XVII Cent. ; 7f in. 1. London Wall. 426 Knife, short broad blade, back curving towards edge above, long iron ferrule and butt, bone plates on handle ; the butt is cleft at end ; maker's mark, heart and cross ; middle XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Farringdon Street. 427 Knife ; maker's mark, a heart and cross ; XVII Cent. Farring- don Street. 428 Knife, long blade, solid ferrule, wooden handle grooved down centre and expanding below ; maker's mark, a key ; XVII Cent. ; 9| in. 1. London Wall. 429 Knife-blade, slender form ; maker's mark, an orb ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall. 430 Knife-blade, straight back, curved edge, flat solid ferrule ; maker's mark, an orb ; XVII Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall. 431 Knife, slender steel blade, with bone handle, expanding towards base ; maker's mark, pliers and dagger ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. Finsbury, 1901. 432 Knife-blade, back curving towards edge at point ; maker's mark, two crossed sceptres, dagger above ; XVII Cent. ; 63 in. 1. London Wall. 433 Knife, broad blade, having short bone plates on handle and iron in centre, tang for bone butt at base ; makers mark, a symbol ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 434 Knife, broad blade, narrowing slightly towards base, solid ferrule, with traces of gilding, and bone handle, hatched, terminating in a knob ; maker's mark, a symbol ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall. 435 Knife, short broad blade, flat solid handle with oval butt, having a knob below ; maker's mark, a symbol, in copper ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 379 436 Knife-blade, decorated ferrule ; maker's mark, thistle and rose conjoined ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Thames Street, 1895. 437 Knife, with bone handle, terminating in an iron butt, with knob below ; maker's mark inlaid copper ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 438 Knife-blade, straight back, curved edge, with tang for handle ; maker's mark inlaid with brass ; probably XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 439 Knife, slender blade ; maker's mark ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. 440 Knife, wooden handle, brass butt ; maker's mark ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall. 441 Knife-blade, curved at back towards the point, with short tang ; maker's mark ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 442-443 Knife-blades (two), iron, maker's mark impressed ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 444 Knife, short broad blade, broad brass handle, decorated with lozenge design ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 11. Farringdon Street. 445 Knife, somewhat slender tapering blade, iron ferrule and butt, decorated with band of wavy lines, bone plates to handle ; maker's marks on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 446 Knife, flat bone handle expanding below, brass knob on butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. 447 Knife, with leather-covered handle terminating in an ivory butt ; makers mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. City of London. 448 Knife, ivory handle terminating in a scroll-shaped butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. City of London. 449 Knife ; the handle is of bone carved to imitate hammered metal work ; maker's mark on blade ; early XVII Cent. ; 5-| in. 1. London. 450 Knife, short narrow blade, and iron handle, decorated with incised cross, circle, and linear ornament ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 451 Knife, short broad blade, broad bone handle, with large iron ferrule and decorated butt of same metal ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 452 Knife, short broad blade, cut off obliquely at point, long iron ferrule, horn handle, perforated at butt ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Farringdon Street. 453 Knife, short broad blade, horn handle, with pewter rivets ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Long Alley, 1866. 454 Knife, with flat handle-plate expanding below ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 455 Knife, portion only, straight blade, wooden handle, bronze or brass mount at base ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 456 Knife, short, with solid iron handle, decorated with engraved lines and circles ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PI. LXXXHI, 18. Fleet Ditch. 380 MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 457 Knife, short blade, long ferrule decorated in gold, tang for lower portion of handle ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 458 Knife, slender blade,- cut off obliquely at end, with long, solid ferrule, and wooden mounts to handle, which expands at butt ; XVII Cent. ; 1\ in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 459 Knife, broad blade, bone handle expanding towards base which is rounded, the handle decorated with circle and dot ; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Long Alley, 1866. 460 Knife, blade stamped with maker's mark, a flower, the ferrule shows traces of gilding ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 461 Knife, narrow blade, long solid ferrule and butt, expanding at base, with plate for central bone plate ; early XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 462 Knife, the handle composed of flat plates of bone separated by thin plates of brass ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 463 Knife, short blade, cut off at right angles at point, with short broad handle of stag's horn; XVII Cent.; 7-& in. 1. PI. LXXXIII, 9. London Wall. 464 Knife-blade, broad form ; maker's mark a three-pronged object, with trefoil handle ; XVII Cent. ; 6| hi. 1. London Wall. 465 Knife, iron, with ivory handle ; the blade is short and has a deep hollow, with sharpened edge at the upper end ; XVII Cent. ; ojf in. 1. Saint Andrew's Hill. 466 Knife, iron, short broad blade, wooden handle ; XVII Cent. London. 467 Knife, short blade, semi-circular end, ivory handle ; XVII Cent. London Wall, 1901. 468 Knife-blade, iron, with squared base and long slender tang ; XVII Cent. ; 8^ in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 469 Knife, iron, with wooden handle ; XVII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 470 Knife, iron, with flat wooden handle, on the lower end of which is a brass or copper stud, with a triangle within a circle incised upon it ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 471 Knife, iron blade and ferrule, the latter decorated with scroll- work, the handle of ivory, carved to represent a man in the costume of the period of James I, wearing a dagger and playing on a lute ; XVII Cent. ; 8 hi. 1. London. 472 Knife, somewhat short broad blade, long iron ferrule, broad bone handle expanding below, decorated with incised circle and dot and double lines ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Long Alley, 1806. 473 Knife, iron, with wooden handle ; XVII Cent. ; 10 in. 1. London. 474 Knife, iron, curved back and straight edge, in stout wooden handle and brass ferrule ; XVII Cent. ; 9^ in. 1. London. 475 Knife, short straight blade, and ivory handle, expanding and rounded at butt, and perforated for suspension ; XVII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. City of London. 476 Knife, bone handle, spirally grooved ; XVII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. City of London. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 381 477 Knife, iron blade, carved ivory handle, small brass butt ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. City of London. 478 Knife, short narrow blade, long iron ferrule inlaid with lozenges in pewter, ivory handle, expanding and rounded below ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 479 Knife, short blade, long steel ferrule, and long bone handle, ter- minating in a well-shaped horse-hoof, also in bone ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 480 Knife, slender blade, narrow bone handle incised with circle and dot; XVII Cent. ; 7^ in. 1. Farringdon Street. 481 Knife, blade tapering to point, decorated on blade with incised wavy lines ; the handle, of wood, is ornamented with spiral bands of silver having cabled edges, and a silver butt ; XVII Cent. ; lOf in. 1. Camberwell. 482 Carving knife, broad blade, curved edge, narrow handle-plate ; maker's mark, a horse-shoe (?); XVII Cent. ; 11 in. 1. London Wall. 483 Clasp knife, broad round-ended blade, with brass handle ; maker's mark, " 3 "; XVII Cent. (?); 4 in. 1. London. 484 Clasp-knife, blade only ; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 485 Currier's knife, iron, with triangular blade, having horned pro- jections at base; XVII Cent. ; 4| in. 1., 5 in. w. of blade. Austin Friars. 486 Hunting-knife, flamboyant blade, horn handle, with brass mounts ; XVII Cent. ; 15 in. 1. 487 Knife-like object, iron, slender handle curved at end to form a loop ; the edge is flat ; probably a tool ; XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall. 488 Penner's knife, short narrow blade, long slender bone handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 489 Serving knife, with cylindrical bone handle ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII Cent. ; 11 in. 1. City of London. 490 Table knife, slender blade, wooden handle ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. 491 Table knife, wooden handle, brass mounts and portion of blade : XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. XVII-XVIII CENTURIES. 492 Knife, ivory handle, curved blade; maker's mark, "HOW"; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6J in. 1. Newgate. 493 Knife, short broad blade, bone handle, expanding slightly at end ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Ludgate Hill, 1893. 494 Knife, broad blade, curved at back towards point, and carved wooden handle, circular in section ; maker's mark on blade ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 9| in. 1. London. 495 Knife-blade, iron ; maker's mark a crown, inlaid copper ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 382 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FOKKS, ETC. 496 Knife, curved blade, broad rouuded end, ivory handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. Tower Bridge, 1890. 497 Knife, curved round-ended blade, silver ferrule and agate handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8* in. 1. 498 Knife, with short turned handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. London Wall. 499 Knife, portion only, with long octagonal-sectioned ferrule inlaid with gold, and short ivory handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. London Wall. 500 Knife, short broad blade, long ivory handle decorated with raised ribs ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London. 501 Knife, steel, long slender blade, marked with a dagger, and two circles looped together, ivory handle, with curved end ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 9 in. 1. 502 Knife, iron blade, bone handle, decorated with hatched lines (imperfect); XVII XVIII Cent.; 1\ in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 503 Knife, curved iron blade, ivory handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 10| in. 1. London. 504 Knife, short broad blade, ivory handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Fleet River. 505 Hunting knife, blade of lozenge section, brass quillons decorated with heads of a fox and a dog, and pommel or butt in form of a dog's head, also brass; XVII XVIII Cent.; 9 in. Southward. 506 Table knife, slender blade, with ivory handle of oval section ; maker's mark; XVII XVIII Cent.; 7| in. 1. London Wall, 1901-2. XV1II-XIX CENTURIES. 507 Knife, blade ground away, long thin tang for handle ; maker's mark, "INGRAM"; XVIII Cent.; 8-f in. 1. Southward. 508 Knife, wooden handle, the latter ornamented with metal mounts, on one side is the letter " H "and a crown, on the other, a tree-like object with trefoil-ended branches; probably XVIII Cent. ; 11 in. 1. 509 Knife, with curved steel blade, and agate handle ; maker's mark, crown and sceptre; XVIII Cent.; 9 in. 1. 510 Artisan's knife, blade only, short broad form ; maker's mark ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London Wall. 511 Penner's knife ; the steel blade is stamped with maker's mark, a scimitar ; the ivory handle is in fine condition, and has a conical point to split quills with projecting from the butt (see J.B.A.A., xxix, 422-3). In case made of millboard, covered with thin leather, ornamented with linear design ; XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. City of London. 512 Table-knife, with curved steel blade, marked with a pistol and the letter "L"; the handle is bone; XVIII Cent.; 10 in. 1. 513 Table-knife, curved blade, and wooden handle ; maker's mark, "POLIO"; XVIII Cent.; 7 in. 1. Great Chapel Street. MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 383 514 Dagger knife, with horn handle and brass mounts ; XVIII XIX Cent. 515-516 Two knives and forks, with decorated china (Chelsea?) handles ; XVIII Cent. ; 11 in. 1. 517-518 Two knives and forks, bone, as formerly used by the patients in Bethlem Hospital ; 7| in. 1. 519 Knife and fork, as now used in Bethlem Hospital ; 10^ in. 1. FORKS. 520 Fork, with two short prongs; 6^ in. 1. London Wall. This appears to be an early example of the fork. 521 Flesh fork, iron, with long straight shaft, and three curved hooks at right angles at upper end ; XV Cent. ; 9| in. 1. City of London. 522 Fork, two prongs, with wooden handle ; XVII Cent, ; 5 in. 1. 523 Fork, slender type, two prongs, with decorated bone handle ; probably early XVII Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London. 524 Fork, two-pronged, bone, short type ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. 525 Fork, two-pronged, iron, with curved prongs and tang for handle ; late XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Wapping. 526 Fork, two-pronged, silver ferrule, agate handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. 527 Fork, similar, with silver ferrule ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7^ in. 528 Fork, two-pronged, long prongs, curved brass handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5| in. 529 Fork, two prongs, ivory handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 7| in. 1. London. 530 Fork, similar but smaller ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 531 Fork, with short steel prongs, silver ferrule and agate handle ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 6| in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 7. 532 Clasp knife and fork, in wooden handle bound with brass and ornamented with incised lines ; maker's mark on blade, inlaid copper or brass, resembling two Bs one above the other ; the back of the blade is notched and scalloped, and engraved on one side with a kind of crescent-line border ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. 1. when knife and fork are opened, 3f in. 1. when closed. City of London. 533 Fork, steel, two-pronged, ivory handle ; XVIII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 534 Knife, fork and spoon combined ; XVIII Cent. ; 4r in. 1. Thames, Wandsworlh. KNIVES, BONE. 535 Feather-curling knife, bone, narrow blade, slender handle, deco- rated with band of circle and dot ; XVII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Ivy Lane. 38-t MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 536 Feather-curling knife, bone, curved edge, ornamented handle ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 537 Feather-curling knife, bone, with handle decorated with circle and dot; XVI XVll Cent.; 6 in. 1. Broad Street, 1861. 538 Knife, broad-bladed, bone, short form ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Broad Street, 1861. 539 Paper knife, bone, with handle in form of a key ; XVIII Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 540 Feather-curler, bone, with carved handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7\ in. 1. London. 541 Feather-curler, bone, with curved blade of somewhat triangular section, hollowed in front, and coarsely-notched handle ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London. 542 Feather-curler, bone, with groove on one face ; 5f in. 1. 543 Feather-curler, bone ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London. 544 Feather-curler, on one face is cut a semi-circular depression ; 4^ in. 1. London Wall. 545 Feather-curler, bone, with three-lobed handle decorated with circle and dot; Tudor; 4^ in. 1. Tabernacle Street. KNIFE HANDLES AND SHEATHS. 546 Knife-handle, bone, in form of a female figure holding a falcon at her breast ; with portion of blade ; maker's mark, four stars inlaid copper ; XIV XV Cent. ; 5^ in. 1. 547 Knife-handle, bone, flat form, expanding at butt, with deep grooves on faces, in which has been metal inlay, now missing ; XV Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 548 Knife-handle, ebony (with portion of blade), having inscribed (?) brass ferrule and long curved butt, on which is engraved the Virgin and Child on one side, and the figure of Saint Barbara on the other ; XV XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. Tabernacle Street, 1902. 549 Knife-handle, wood, decorated in brass, with butt in form of two dogs' heads, joined at back ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4^ in. 1. Smith- field. 550 Knife-handle and part of blade, iron, with iron handle plate, to which is attached a thin brass plate on one face, the base is in the form of a circular loop ; XV XVT Cent. ; 7 in. 1. Brooks' Wharf, 1867. 551 Knife-handle, bone, with brass rivets, the butt in form of a ring ; XV XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Thames. 552 Knife-handle, iron, with stout hollow rivets, the butt in form of a ring ; XV XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. Thames. 553 Knife-handle, brass, engraved ; XV XVI Cent. ; 2 in. 1. City of London. 554 Knife-handle, brass, covered with incised decoration of vases, flowers, etc. ; on one side is inscribed " SHAL CHANGE MY CHOTSE " ; the opposite strip is missing ; XVI Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London Wall. MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 385 555 Knife-handle, wood, with brass studs, at the base is an oval boss, on which is incised "1525"; 3J in. 1. London Wall. 556 Knife-handle, brass, slender form, decorated with incised diagonal ornament, and terminating in a small knob, on which is a rough representation of a human face ; on the under side is a projecting rib, grooved at sides, to slide on to another object ; XV XVI Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 557 Knife-handle, ivory (?), in the form of an ecclesiastic holding a chalice ; XVI Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. Thames, Wandsworth. 558 Knife-handle, ivory (with portion of blade), decorated with circular hollows and a device of minute indented dots ; the butt is in the form of a female head, wearing close-fitting Tudor cap and elaborate ruff ; XVI Cent. ; 44 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 559 Knife-handle, with portion of steel blade ; the handle is of brass, elaborately decorated with arabesques, originally inlaid with enamel, portion of which remains ; the butt is in the form of a man playing upon the bag-pipes ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. present 1. Site of Gas-works, Wapping, 1866. J.B.A.A., xxvii, p. 373. 560 Knife-handle, ivory, spirally fluted, butt in form of a head wearing hood with herring-bone decoration ; XVI Cent. ; 2 in. 1. City of London. 561 Knife-handle, wood, inlaid with brass studs and flowers, butt in form of a dog's head, also brass ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 562 Knife-handle, and portion of blade, the handle composed of thin plates of brown and black ivory, with brass butt ; XVI Cent. ; 4 in. 1. Fleet Ditch. 563 Knife-handle, bone, with incised scroll-work decoration ; XVI Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. City of London. 564 Knife-handle, bone, octagonal section, butt in form of a male bust ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. Moorfields. 565 Knife-handle (with portion of blade, the base of which is notched), tha centre of the handle is of wood, the lower portion of bone, interleaved with brass, and brass butt ; XVI XVII Cent. ; 44 in. 1. London. 566 Knife-handle, ivory, in the form of a cavalier holding a hawk in the right hand, his gloves in the left ; XVII Cent. ; 2 in. 1. Smithfield. 567 Knife-handle, iron (?), in the form of a man playing the bagpipes ; XVII ( ?) Cent. ; 3 in. 1 London. 568 Knife-handle, bone, with butt somewhat resembling a horse's hoof, a portion of the blade is still attached ; maker's mark. " R " ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London Wall. 569 Knife-handle, bone, butt in the form of a male head, the shaft spirally fluted ; XVII Cent. ; 3g in. 1. 570 Knife-handle, bone, cylindrical, covered with hatched diagonal lines ; XVII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London. 26 386 MEDIAEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 571 Knife-handle, bone, of circular section with inlaid ornament in silver, representing birds and flowers ; XVII Gent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 572 Knife-handle, plate only, bone, with four rivet holes ; the base is curved and has a horned projection ; XVII Cent. ; 3f in. 1. London. 573 Knife-handle, bone, with cleft base, ornamented with pewter studs ; XVII Cent. Fleet Ditch. 574 Knife-handle, ivory, with etched and inlaid decoration ; maker's mark, a crowned " T," on portion of blade; XVII Cent.; 5| in. present 1. Fleet Ditch. 575 Knife-handle, bone, the butt in the form of a negro's head ; XVII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. Finsbury. 576 Knife-handle, ivory, with decoration in relief ; XVII Cent. ; 4 in. 1. London. 577 Knife-handle, bone or ivory, with portion of blade, having iron ferrule decorated with an incised wavy band, the handle is decorated with hatched lines and circle and dot, inlaid silver ; XVII Cent. ; 4^ *& ! Farringdon Street. 578 Knife-handle, bone, the lower portion in form of a head wearing a turban, well carved ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3| in. 1. 579 Knife-handle ; plated copper ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3^ in. 1. 580 Knife-handle, bone, with one face more rounded than the other ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 2| in. 1. London Wall. 581 Knife-handle, agate, octagonal section, silver band round centre, and silver ferrule with floral design ; XVII XVIII Cent. ; 3 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 582 Knife-handle, ivory, circular section, flat base, decorated with floral ornament; early XVIII Cent. ; 3-& in, 1. London. 583 Knife or dagger mount, bone, with engraved floral ornament in centre, and bands of incised lines above and below ; XVII Cent. ; | in. h., 1 in. diam. London Wall. 584 Knife-sheath, pewter, of open-work ; XV Cent. ; 5 in. 1. Butler's Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxvii, 373. 585 Knife-sheath, pewter, with foliate decoration ; 5 in. 1. PI. LXXXIV, 5. London. 586 Knife-sheath, iron, pewter mounted, for two objects ; early XVI Cent. ; '5$ in. 1. Butler's Wharf. J.B.A.A., xxvii, 373. 587 Steel, for sharpening knives, with long, slender shaft, having an obtuse point, and narrow handle with plates of wood on either face ; XVI Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. RAZORS. 588 Razor-blade, slender, with curved edge, end cut off at right angles ; Tudor ; 5 in. 1. London Wall. MEDIEVAL KNIVES, FORKS, ETC. 387 589 Razor, iron, with thick-backed blade, a portion of the narrow brass handle remaining ; Tudor ; 4| in. 1. London Wall. 590 Razor-blade, slender form ; maker's mark, a horse-shoe ; XVI Cent. ; 5 in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 591 Razor, back of blade bevelled on one side, wooden handle ; impressed maker's mark ; XVI Cent. ; 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 592 Razor, thick-backed blade, rounded at end, with slender brass handle, perforated in centre ; XVI Cent. ; 5| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 593 Razor, slender blade, the back bevelled on one side for a short distance from the top, tang for handle ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in. 1. London Wall, 1902. 594 Razor, velvet maker's, with short broad blade, and long slender tang ; XVI Cent. ; 4| in 1. London Wall, 1901. 595 Razor, iron, with broad blade and back of blade bevelled from point to about half-way down blade ; it has a brass ferrule and a slender tang for the handle ; XVI Cent. ; 7i in. 1. London Wall. 596 Razor, wooden handle; XVII Cent. (?); 6| in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 597 Razor, slender blade with curved edge, having an ivory handle terminating in a trefoil, with brass knob below ; XVII Cent. ; 7 in. 1. London Wall, 1901. 598 Razor, with broad blade and long curved wooden handle ; XVIII Cent. ; 6 in. 1. London. 26* 388 VII. OBJECTS OF UNCERTAIN PERIOD. 1 Club, or handle, stag-horn, roughly tooled with sharp instrument ; 17 in. 1. London Wall. 2 Disc cut from red deer antler ; lg in. diam. Barge Yard. 1879. 3 Hone-stone, of sandstone ; 6^ in. 1. Putney Hill. 4 Implement, bone, pointed ; 5-^ in. 1. PI. I, 3. Billingsgate, 1880. 5 Implement, bone, similar ; 5| in. PL I, 4. London Wall. 6 Implement, bone ; f in. wide. 4 in. long, with semi-circular edge at each end. 7 Millstone, grit, circular form, face scored with diagonal grooves ; 22J- in. diam., 2f in. th. 8 Mortar, diorite, flat base; 3^ in. h., 4 in. g. diam., 4|- in. m., 3| in. b. London. 9 Object, bone, with three deep semi-circular grooves cut into it on one side, probably for a handle; 6| in. London Wall, 1886. 10 Object, bone, with single deeply-cut semi-circular groove on one face, use uncertain ; 6| in. Moorfields. 11 Object (two portions), made of plumbago mixed with clay, having flat base, straight sides, and semi- circular top ; the sides are pierced with oblong slits, and one end of the object is closed, but pierced with similar slits ; towards the centre, on one side, is a larger opening ; uncertain use ; probably Roman ; original length 13 in., 6 in. h., 6| in. diam. of base. 12 Ox-horn core, cut off horizontally at base, the tip ornamented with a bronze boss, to which is attached a narrow bronze strap, ter- minating in a square plate having four projecting knobs ; 5 in. 1. Qveenhithe, 1866. [? Affix to a helmet. Probably Late Celtic.] 13 Pick, stag-horn ; all the tines except those of the brow have been removed and the object roughly trimmed ; 18 in. 1. London Wall. 14 Pick, stag-horn, similar to the above ; 17 in. 1. 15 Piercer, or awl, bone ; 4- in. 1. London Wall. 16-17 Piercers, or awls (two), bone ; 6J in. 1. 18-24 Piercers, or needles (seven), perforated ; 5 to 8 in. 1. 25-26 Pins (two), bone; 4 and 7 in. 1. London Wall. 27-37 Pins (eleven), bone. OBJECTS OF UNCERTAIN PERIOD. 389 38 Quern, stone, consisting of a deep pan. with sides slightly sloping ; on one side is a deep-lipped spout; 17 in. diam., 5 in. h. 39 Quern, upper stone, of somewhat conical form, flat under-side, the top pierced with a funnel-shaped opening which runs through the object ; on one side is a circular hole for a wooden handle ; Hi in. diam., 7 in. h. 40 Tool, bone, flat, perforated ; tapering to a point, perhaps a netting implement; 7| in. 1., If in. w. PL I, 11. 41 Tool, bone, perforated ; 4^ in. London Wall. 42-61 Tools and needles (twenty), bone, perforated. 62 Tool, bone, tapering to a sharp point at each end ; 5| in. 1. Soiithwark. 63 Tool, or weapon, bone, pointed ; 5^ in. Long Alley, Moor- fields, 1866. 64-73 Tools (ten), bone, pointed. 74-84 Skulls (eleven), human, found amongst the piles beside the bed of the Walbrook ; Late Celtic or Roman. London Wall. 85 Human skin, fragment, from the door of Saint Saviour's, South- wark ; 3 x If in. 86 Skulls, tusks, and other animal remains. London Wall; Minories; Tower Bridge Approaches; and other localities. 87 Horns (two), found at a depth of twenty-five feet. Site of 10-11, Aldgate. 88 Piece of ancient piling from entrance to River Fleet at Black- friars. 89 Remains of an oak stake from the bed of the river Thames at Brentford; 5 ft. 2 in. 1. Arch Jo., Ixiii, pp. 25-39. 90-93 Spear-heads (four), bone; 4, 4|, 5, and 6^ in. 1. PI. Ill, 10, 12, 13. 31)0 VIII. MISCELLANEOUS. 1 Album : a specimen of mosaic leather binding ; Viennese ; 72 x 42 in., weight 700 Ibs. Exhibited at the International Exhibition, London, 1862. 2-10 Bethlem Hospital. Instruments of restraint formerly used for refractory patients. Block of wood, to secure the feet ; 23 in. 1. , 10^ in. h. Waist-belt, iron, with two leathern hand covers attached bv swivels ; 13 x 10 in. diam. Pair of leg irons ; 46 in. 1. Waist-belts (two), iron, with hand-cuffs attached ; 12 X 10 in. diam. Collar, iron, for neck, with chain attached ; 24 in. total L, diam. of collar 6^ in. Belts (two), leather; 14 and 16 in. diam. Ankle irons (pair), attached by short chain; 16 in. 1. 11 Bill-hook, hatchet, and two bundles of faggots, used by Sir T. J. Nelson, City Solicitor, in rendering quit rent service on behalf of the Corporation of London; hatchet, 15 in. L, 4f in. width of blade; bill-hook, 13 in. 1., width of blade, 4| in. 12 Calculating machine, commonly called " Napier's Bones " ; 4| x 2| in. 13 dock, with electric movement, exhibited at Metropolitan and Industrial Exhibition, 1866 ; 7 ft. h. X 1 ft. 6 in. X 2 ft. in. 14 Cock-fighting ; pair of steel spurs for fighting cocks ; 2 in. 1. 15-16 Dials; ring dials (two), pocket, ivory; imperfect; XVI XVII Cent. 17 Dial ; sun dial, pocket, ivory ; imperfect ; XVIII Cent. ; If in. 1. 18 Fireman's helmet, leather, hemispherical form, with wide rim below, and having a broad flap of leather sewn in behind ; the top is strengthened by raised ribs arranged in a cruciform manner : XVII XVIII Cent. ; 8 in. h., 18 in. w. at base. From the Church of St. Katherine Cree, with hand-engine dated 1672. 19 Handkerchief, souvenir of King George Ill's Jubilee. 1809, with portraits of the King, Pitt, Fox, Wellington, and Nelson ; deco- rative printing on satin ; 36 X 37 in. 20 Loyal London Volunteers. Colours of the V, or Farringdon Within Regiment, and of the VI, or Bishopsgate Regiment. Presented to them by the Corporation of London, May 18th. 1804. Deposited in the Museum, October 21st, 1876. 21 Model of the last State Barge, built in 1807, for the Lord Mayors of London, by Searle and Sons. Lambeth : scale one inch to a foot; 6 ft. 10 in. L, 12 in. h., 14 in. w. PI. LXXXVI, 4. MISCELLANEOUS. 391 22 Model of a Royal Mail Coach, running between Falmouth and London, and two Mail Coach halfpenny tokens; model, 27 in. 1., lli in. h. 23 Model fire-escape, Clarke's patent, awarded prize medal, Inter- national Exhibition, 1862 ; 62 x 12 in. 24 Model, bronze, of the Hotel de Ville, Paris; 114 in. h., 31i in, 1., 17^ in. w. ; inscription: "La Ville de Paris a la Cite de Londres. Ravitaillement de Paris. Fevrier, 1871. Temoignage de recon- naissance." Presented, with a gold medal (specially struck), by the City of Paris to the Corporation of London. 25-30 Newgate Prison relics. Whipping-post, oak, consisting of an oblong box, with holes for legs above and door in front; to this box at back is attached a T-shaped piece of wood with holes for wrist ; 55^ in. 1., 49 in. w. at top. Manacles, or leg irons, massive iron (pair) ; 3 ft. 6 in. 1., 6 in. w. Waist-bands, iron, circular, with hand-cuffs attached ; pro- bably for a woman ; 9 x 11 in. Waist-band, with hand-cuffs, similar; 13 X 10 in. Waist-band, similar, with hand-cuffs and key ; 11 x 13 in. Waist-band, with hand-cuffs, leather covered ; 11^x11^ in. Probably an earlier type. 31 Plaque, wood, decorated with seated male figure holding a bunch of grapes, at his feet is a lion reclining beneath a tree ; XVIII Cent. ; 20 X lOf in. London. 32-37 Plaster casts, six, to which prizes were awarded, after competition in design, by the Art Committee of the Worshipful Company of Plasterers. 38 Plate of the view of the Tower Bridge, etched for the Corpora- tion of the City of London by W. L. Wyllie, R.A. ; 22^ x 13f in. 39 Playing cards, original (forty-seven only), illustrating the science of heraldry ; temp. Charles I. 40 Playing cards ; fac-simile reproduction of a pack ; temp. Charles II ; a pictorial satire on the Commonwealth. 41 Playing cards, pack, with coloured representation of the Roman mosaic pavement discovered in Bucklersbury, 1869. 42 Playing cards; collection of the playing cards issued annually to their members by the Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards, 1882 1907; twenty-eight packs. 43 " Royal George " ; block of oak, a portion of the " Royal George," which foundered at Spithead, August 29th, 1782 ; 48 X 13 X 12 in. 44 Stack-pipe ; ornamental head of a leaden stack-pipe ; XVII Cent. ; 21 in. 1., 13 in. w. From house at south-west corner of Old Stieet and City Road. 45 Sword, inscribed T. J. Francis ; 3 ft. 8 in. 1. Formerly belonging to Colonel Yule, 9th Lancers, killed before Delhi in 1857. 392 MISCELLANEOUS. 46 Violin and bow, formerly belonging to Abraham Newland, cashier to the Bank of England, 17821807. 47 Watch, metal gilt, vertical, in octagonal case with pierced lid, silver dial and one hand only ; it has the stack freed ; a regulator with pin acts on the arm of the balance ; and there is no pendulum spring; circa 1550. 48 Watch, pair-case, vertical ; both cases of metal gilt, the outer enamelled with medallion portrait of David Garrick, to whom the watch is said to have belonged; XVIII Cent. " Bosoman's, London, 506." 49 Watch, horizontal, in ivory case ; the balance is visible at the upper part of the face ; below is a small dial with pair of ivory hands; the name of the maker, " Blasius Lang," is scratched inside the case. 50 Watch movements (twenty-four), mostly by London makers ; XVIII XIX Cent. 51 Watchman's box, of wood, with drop seat ; the sides and roof are hinged to open back; early XIX Cent. ; 87 in. h. , 21| in. w., 26 in. diam. Exterior of Messrs. Goslings' Bank, Fleet Street. 52 Fans ; a small collection of fans, including some to which prizes were awarded at Exhibitions held by the Worshipful Company of Fanmakers. 53 A small collection of autographs, including those of Shakespeare and Sir Francis Bacon ; and of autograph letters from Lord Nelson and others, chiefly of thanks to the Corporation for the gift of the Honorary Freedom of the City of London. 54 Fac-similes of charters and records, mostly of the London Livery Companies ; illuminated addresses received or presented by the Corporation of London ; maps and views of London, etc. Exhibited on staircase. * 55 Specimens of binding, rare, curious, and miniature books, horn books, etc. Exhibited in window recess of staircase. 56 Bread; a small roll with inscription, as follows: "This half- penny roll of 180- is preserved as a memento of the scarcity of that era, when the English People, reduced by Jesuitry, Ministers, a bad Government, and a hellish War against the Rights of Man, quietly suffered Hardship and Slavery." 2J X 11 in. 57 Model, plaster, of the tower of the Church of St. Bene't, Grace- church Street, with proposed archway for the use of foot- passengers; 13J in. h., 2J in. sq. at base. 58 Sceptre from original statue of Queen Victoria, Royal Exchange ; 27 in. 1. 59 Tipstaff, brass, ebony grip ; XIX Cent. ; 7 in. 1. 60 Thames police superintendent's staff, brass, with ebony handle, having perforated hole at base for suspension ; XIX Cent. ; 13 in. 1. 61 Longstaff, wooden, carried by the watch of Castle Baynard, temp. William IV. MISCELLANEOUS. 393 MEDALS AND COINS. 62 Collection of English historical medals, coins, tokens, and jettons. Presented by Dr. F. Parkes Weber, F.S.A., 1906. 63 General collection of English historical medals, including a series of Coronation medals and Jubilee medals of Queen Victoria. 64 Collection of medals illustrating the history of the City of London, its institutions and eminent citizens. 65 Collection of medals struck by the Corporation of the City of London in commemoration of important public events in the history of the City of London. 66 Collection of badges and medals worn by the Masters, Wardens, Past-Masters, Assistants, and Liverymen of the Livery Com- panies of the City of London. Presented for the most part by the Courts of the various Companies. 67 Collection of badges 'worn by members of Entertainment Com- mittees at Receptions given by the Corporation of the City of London on various public occasions. 68 Collection of foreign medals, including series struck by the Governments of France, Belgium, and Holland, and medals struck in honour of printing and printers. 69 Roman coins found in the City of London and neighbouring localities. 70 A collection of Anglo-Saxon and English coins of various periods, chiefly found within the City of London. 71 The Beaufoy Cabinet of London traders' tokens, current in the XVII Century. A printed catalogue of this collection, prepared by Mr. J. H. Burn, was published by the Corporation of the City of London in 1853, and a second edition in 1855. 72 Tradesmen's tokens. Later additions to the Beaufoy Collection, and collection of XVIII Century tokens. 73 A collection of Nuremberg tokens and jettons found in London. LOAN COLLECTIONS. 74 A collection of ancient watches, clocks, chronometers, etc., including the Nelthropp Collection. Exhibited by the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers. 75 Communion plate of the Chapel of Bridewell Hospital, XVTI XVIII Century. Exhibited by the Governors of Bethlem and Bridewell Hospital. 76 Ancient muniment chests of the XVI Century, exhibited by the Worshipful Companies of Plumbers and Shipwrights. 77 A small collection of punch bowls of Oriental ware. Exhibited by the Worshipful Companies of Blacksmiths, Clockmakers, and Cocks. 78 A small collection of silver spoons. Exhibited by the Worship- ful Company of Joiners. 79 The Henry D. Phillips collection of playing cards. Exhibited by the Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards. 394 MISCELLANEOUS. RELICS OF QUEEN VICTORIA. 80-89 A collection of relics of the late Queen Victoria and her mother (H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent), presented by Mrs. Victor Maslin.* Bust of Queen Victoria as a child ; given to Mr. Victor Maslin in 1888. Spode jug, blue and white decoration; on the front, " V.R.'' and "A.H." under a crown, A.H. being the initials of Amelia Harrison, the attendant who was present when the announcement of Queen Victoria's accession was made to her. Drinking glass used by Queen Victoria. Lock of Queen Victoria's hair, given to Mr. Victor Maslin in 1829. Card-case, formerly belonging to H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent. Ink-stand, pen-rests and taper-holder formerly belonging to H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent. MS. notes on the English Constitution, prepared by Edward, afterwards Sir Edward, Conroy for H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent ; autograph note of the Duchess on the fly-leaf. Autographed photograph of H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent. Macaulay's Essays, given by H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent to Mr. Victor Maslin ; autographs of Queen Victoria and the Duchess of Kent. Bust of H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent by W. Theed : a replica in miniature of the bust at Frogmore. RECENT ACQUISITIONS. 90-111 Twenty-two bowls of Samian ware. Pudding-pan Bock, Whit- stable. Form 2 (Smith), with maker's mark CARATIIIM; 7 X If in. Form 2, with maker's mark PAWKRI; 1\ x 1J in. Form 2, with maker's mark MARTINIM; 7| x If in. Form 3, with maker's mark CATIANVS ; 3J x 1 in. Form 4, with plain rim ; lOf X 2^ in. Form 4, with ivy leaves on rim ; 10^ x 2 in. Form 5, with ivy leaves on rim ; 7J x If in. Form 6, with plain rim ; 4f X lg in. Form 7, with twelve-pointed rosette in centre ; 7f x 2 in. Form 8, with twelve-pointed rosette in centre ; 4 x If in. Form 9, with maker's mark SATVRNINI ; 10^ x 3 in. Form 9, with maker's mark IVSTIMA ; lOf x 3 in. Form 10, with maker's mark MA[IO]EIS ; 10 X 3 in. Form 10, with maker's mark MAIORIS ; 9 X 3 in. Form 10, with maker's mark SATVRNINI ; 9 X 3 in. Form 11, with maker's mark AIISTIVIM; 7 x 2 in. (three examples) . Form 11, with maker's mark SATVRNINI; 7 x 2| in. Form 12, with maker's mark ARKNIM ( ?) ; 5 X 2f in. Form 13, with maker's mark C|AETIM; 4^ x 3 in. Form 14, with maker's mark CINIVSM ; 5f x 2^ in. See also Samian ware. pp. 95 seq., Nos. 450, 452. 486, 560, 562, 563. Proc. Soc. Antiq., 2s., xxi, pp. 268-292. MISCELLANEOUS. 395 112 Fragments of Samian and other ware found in London. Pre- sented by Mr. C. F. Corbould-Ellis, C.C. 113 Roman burial, consisting of an amphora of coarse red ware, with neck and handles removed, 28 in. h., 24 in. g.d. ; a cinerary urn of dark grey ware, containing calcined bones and three iron nails, 13^ in. h., 11^ in. g.d.; and a patera of dark grey ware, forming a cover to the urn, 9^ in. g.d. Great Alie Street, 1904. Presented by Mr. Samuel Harris. 114 A large quantity of fragmentarv pottery and glass, from the City Ditch, behind All Hallows Church, London Wall. Pre- sented by Mr. Philip Norman, Treas. S.A., and Mr. F. W. Reader, 1908. Archaeologia, Ix, pp. 196-207 and 242-248. 115-116 Knife-sheath; imperfect; with stamped animal design; 6| in. I.: and a fragment of another, with a stamped design of lions passant on one side, and fleurs-de-lis on the other. 3^ in. 1. : XV XVI Cent. Aldgate Post Office, 1908. Presented by H.M. Commissioners of Works. 117 Trough, brown glazed ware, with a small handle at each end ; early XVII Cent. ; 13|- in. 1., 6 in. w., 4^ in. h. Newgate, 1907. Presented by Mr. W. A. Champion. 118 Circular bowl, buff ware, yellow glazed inside; early XVII Cent. ; 8| in. diam., 5 in. b., 3 in. h. Newgate, 1907. Presented by Mr. W. A. Champion. 119 A bellarmine found in London ; XVI XVII Cent. Presented by Mrs. A. M. J. Serjeant. 120 Staff formerly belonging to the Church of St. Martin Outwich; the silver head is inscribed: "The Gift of Mr. Alex. Ross. Churchwarden 1798." 6 ft. 6 in. 1. Presented by Mr. C. H. Golding-Bird, F.R.C.S. 121 Candle-box, tin, cylindrical; early XIX Cent.; 14^ in. 1., 4 in. w. Presented by Mr. A. Marson. 122 Snuffer- tray, tin; early XIX Cent.; 10 in. 1., 4 in. w. Pre- sented by Mr. A. Marson. 123 Pewter teapot, made by Alderman, Barbican ; early XIX Cent. Presented by Mrs. A. M. J. Serjeant. 124 Fragment of stonework dislodged by the dynamite outrage at the Local Government Board office. March 15th, 1883. Presented by Mr. C. F. Corbould-Ellis. C.C. 125-143 Two bronze pots and seven skillets, chiefly from South Devon and East Kent. Two wine bottles, Spanish jar. and seven bellarmines, nearly all dredged up off the Kentish Knock. Pre- sented by Lieut. -Colonel Copeland, F.S.A., 1907. 144 Figure of a boy. limestone, holding a lamb ; possibly Roman ; 9 X 23^ in. PI. LX. 3. Westgate Street, Gloucester. 145-151 Cologne ware. PI. XLII. 2 and 9 ; PI. XLIV, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. CORRIGENDA. Page 147, No. 119, for poulame read poulaine. Page 259, Nos. 45 and 46, for Guildhall Chapel read portions of the original Cheapside Cross, erected in 1290. Page 394, Nos. 90-111, add Form 2, with maker's mark OFCAI ( ? ) ; 7^ X If in. Form 10, with maker's mark AMRCT; 9^ X 2| in. Form 10, with maker's mark CIXIVSM ; 9^ X 3 in. 31)7 INDEX OF OBJECTS. P. Palaeolithic. N. Neolithic. B.A. Bronze Age. L.C. Late Celtic. R. Roman. A.S. Anglo-Saxon. M. Mediaeval and Later. U. Uncertain Period. Adze, N., 2 ; B.A., 4 ; L.C., 11 ; R., 51 Alabastron, R., SO Album, M., 390 Ale bottle, M., 217, 222. 221. 229 Altar slab, M., 259-260 Amphora, R., 80, 106, 116 Ampul, M.. 169 Ampulla. R., 60 Anchor, M., 287 sign, M., 252 Anelace, M., 276 Anglo-Saxon period, 119-125 Animal remains, TL, 388-389 Ape and Apple, sign, M., 252 Apple-scoops. M., 150 Area finalis, R., 116 Arcading, M., 259 Architectural fragments, M., 260-261 Armlet, L.C., 8 ; R., 27-28, 109 Armour. See Chain Armour. Arrow-head. L.C., 15; R., 58; A.S.. 122-123 ; M., 276-277 Artisan's knife, M., 367. 372, 377, 382 Astragali, R., 44 Auger. M., 288 Autographs, M., 392 Awl, L.C., 10, 14 ; M., 288, 294-295 Axe, B.A., 3-4; R., 51; A.S., 123: M., 288, 300-301 Bacon, autograph of, 392 Badges. M., 336-337 of Livery Companies, M., 393 of Reception Committees.M.. 393 Balances. See Scales. Barber's bowl, M., 215, 301-302 Barge pole, M., 295-296 Barrel, M., 217 Basin, L.C., 9; R., 80, 95; M.. 192. 195, 201, 204, 302 Battle-axe. M.. 277. See aUo Axe. Beads, L.C., 16; R., 79; A.S.. 120: M., 288 Beaker, M., 163, 166, 230 Beam. See Scales. Bed-pan, M., 199 Bell, R., 57-58 : A.S.. 123 ; M. 288 sign, M., 252 Bell and Dragon, sign, M., 252 Bellarmine. M.. 216, 218-224, 395 Belt. See Girdle ends. Bethlem Hospital, figures from gate- way, M., 257 appliances. M., 390 Bill-hook, M., 277, 288, 390 Binding, specimens of, M.. 392 Bird fountain. M., 163 whistle. Sfe Whistle. Bits, horse, L.C., 11, 15; R., 59. 110. 118; M.. 261-262 Black jacks, M., 142 Blackfriars Bridge, coin deposit. M.. 258 commemorative plate, M., 258 foundation stone. M.. 257 Trowel used in laying first stone, M., 259 Boar's head, sign, M., 252 Boat-hook, M., 288 Bodkin. R., 30, 53 : M., 129-130 Bolt, R., 55, 63, 110, 113, 118; M., 355 Books. miniature and curious, M.. 392 Boot-lace, M., 157 Boots, M., 142, 149 Borer. M., 295 Boss, L.C.. 10, 11 ; R., 44, 61 ; A.S., 120; M., 135. 215,259 Bottle, R., 75-76, 81-82, 86, 114. 116; M., 163-164, 169-177, 202, 203, 210, 218, 224-22% 230. See also Ale bottle, Costrel, Feeding bottle. Boulting Mill, sign, M., 252 Boundary marks, M., 254 Bouquetier, M., 164 Bowl, L.C., 9 ; R., 36, 40, 77-78. 82-83, 85, 87, 91, 95-97, 101, 110. 115-116; A.S., 124; M., 160, 164^ 169, 184, 191-192, 195-197, 204! 208, 209, 212-213, 228, 231, 301-302. See also Barber's bowl. 598 INDEX OF OBJECTS. Box. R., 61, 110 ; M., 150, 155, 228, 289, 302 handle, R., 53 - lid, R., 61 ; M., 289 mount. R., 62 Bracer. M., 142 Bracket, M., 160, 261, 289 Branding-iron, M., 289 Brick, M., 159 Brick mould, M., 159 Bride's, St. , Avenue, commemorative plate, M., 258 Bridewell Hospital communion plate. M., 393 Bridge House Estate property mark. M., 255 Broad-arrow. M., 277 Broad Street Buildings, tablet, M., 256 Bronze Age, 3- 4 Brooch, M., 126-127, 336. See alxo Fibula. Brown Staffordshire ware, M.. 211- 212 Bucket handle, R., 53 mount, M., 289 spout, R., 60 Buckler, M., 278 Buckles, R., 60 ; A.S., 120, 130-133 Building materials, R., 71 Bull and Mouth, sign, M., 252 Burial deposit, R., 395 Busts, R., 69-70 ; M.. 256-257 Butter pot. See Pots. Buttons, M., 133-134, 2.28 Calculating Machine, M., 390 Caliga. R., 34, 109-110 Caltrop, M., 278 Candelabra, " Salomons," M., 312 Candle-box, 395 Candleholders, M.. 313-315 Candlestick, R., 44 ; M., 198, 201, 206, 313-315 Canette, M., 217, 226, 230 Cannon, M., 278 Cannon balls, M., 278 Cap, M., 157-158 Carved objects, bone, M.. 150 Carving knife, M., 372-373, 381 Carving tool. R., 54 Casket, M., 160 mounts. See Mounts. handle, R., 52 Castor ware, R.. 92-93, 116 Cauldron, M., 289 Celt, N., 1-2 ; B.A., 3 Chafing dish, M., 199 Chain, R., 58-60, 110; A.S., 120 M., 289 Chain mail, M., 278 Chair, M., 161 Chalice, M., 164, 302 Chape, A.S., 119 ; M., 282 Charles I. statue, M., 256 Charles II. statue, M., 256 Charters of Livery Companies, M., 392 Chatelaine, A.S., 120 Chessmen. M., 151-152 Chester, badge worn at election of Mayor. M., 338 Chest, M'., 289, 393 Chimney piece, M., 161 Chisel, X., 2 ; L.C., 14 ; R., 51 ; M., 290 Chrismatory, M., 328 Cibber, C. G., sculpture by, M.. 257 Cinerary urn. See Urn, cinerary. Cippus, R., 106 Cistern. M., 204 fronts, M., 157 City Marshal's mace. M , 312 City of London School, foundation stone, M., 258 Clamp, R., 55 ; M., 290 Clasp, M., 136 Clasp knife, M.. 381, 383 Clay objects, M., 156 Clock, M., 390 Clockmakers' Company's collections, M., 393 Clogs, R., 35 ; M.. 142-143 Cloth-mark?, M., 320-325 Club, L.C., 15 ; R., 69 ; U., 388 Cock and Bottle, sign, M., 253 Cock-spurs, M., 390 Coffer. M., 160 Coffin. R., 106 ; M., 157, 259 plate, M., 157 - slab, M., 259-260 Coin deposits. See Foundation deposits. Coins, R., 116-118, 393 ; A..S., 124, 393; M., 393 Collar of S.S., M., 143 Cologne ware. R., 101, 395 Comb, R., 26, 41, 109; A.S., 122; M., 134-135. See also Currycomb. Companion, Sportsman's, M., 237 Compasses, R., 51 ; M., 290 Conduit front, M , 255 Cone, pine, R., 116 INDEX OF OBJECTS. 399 Cooking pot,L.C., 18; R.,84 ; M., 118, 196, 201, 206, 290. Sec also Pot; Vessel. ore, X.,2 Coronet, brass-gilt, 334 Costrel, M., 144, 185-186, 188, 191, 194-195. 200, 203-204 Cramp. R., 55 Cream jug, M., 227 Cross-bow, M., 279 Crucible, L.C., 22 ; R.. 91 ; M., 210 Crucifix. M., 334 Cruikshank, George, silver plate of, M., 312 Cruse, R., 85 Crusie, M., 315 Culter, R., 37 Cup. L.C., 15 ; R., 78, 85, 92, 93, 97-98 ; M., 164, 166, 174, 191, 195, 204, 209. 210, 211, 218, 227, 229, 302. 304 Currier's knife, M., 362, 377, 381 Curry-combs. M., 262-263 Cutler, Sir J., statue, M.. 256 Cymbal, R., 42 Dagger. B.A., 3 ; L.C., 11, 16; R., 110; A.S., 123 ; M.. 279-283, 361, 383 sheath, M., 144, 146 Danish monumental stone, 125 Danish period, 125 Deae Matres. R., 104 Delft ware. M., 212-216 Dental instrument. M., 290-291, 297 Dial, M., 390 Dice, R., 44 ; A.S., 122 box. R., 44 Die, 291, 319 Disc, L.C., 8-9 ; R., 36, 40, 44, 61, 79-80 ; M., 136, 327 Dish, R., 40 78, 83, 85, 87, 93. 99; M., 164, 186, 188, 191, 199, 204, 228, 302. See also Vegetable dish. Dish of Coffee Boy. sign, M. , 253 Dog -muzzle, M., 291 Dog's skull, M.. 162 Dolphin, sign, M., 253 Domestic utensils, R., 35 -44 Dominoes, M., 151 Door-handle, R. , 52. See also Handle. Door-plate, M.,291 Draughtsmen. See Game-pieces. Drill, R., 51-52. 110 ; M., 288. 291 Drinking cup, M., 164-165, 186, 191, 195, 205, 211, 227. 231. See al*o Cup, Horn, Mug. Vessel. Drug jar, M., 198, 213-215 Dunstan's-in-the-East, St., boundary mark. M., 254 Durobrivian ware, R., 92-93, 116 Dutch stone ware, M., 216-222 tiles. See Tiles. Eagle and Child, sign, M.. 253 Ear-pick, L.C., 14 ; R., 26, 109 ; A.S., 121 Ear-ring, L.C., 8 ; R., 27 Ecclesiastical monuments. Sec Monu- ments. Edward VI, statue, M., 256 Eggs, M.. 162 Ember tongs, M., 315 Embroidery, M., 158 English stoneware, M., 222-226 Ewer, R., 85 ; M., 165, 184, 212, 230, 291 Fans, M., 392 Farringdon Ward Schools, statues of boy and girl, M., 257 Feather-curling knife, M., 383 -384 Feeding-bottle, R., 87 ; M., 192, 198, 232 Fellowship porter's tally, M., 338 Fencing foil-guard, M., 283 Ferrule, R., 110 ; A.S., 120 Fetter lock. See Lock Fetters, M., 291 Fibula, L.C., 5-7; R., 23-24, 109; A.S., 120. See also Brooch. Figures, R., 68-70 ; M. 136, 156, 161 File, R., 52; M.,291 Finger-ring. See Ring. Finsburv Chapel, foundation stone. M., 258 Fire-back, M., 292 Fire-escape, model, M., 391 Fire Insurance signs, M., 254 Fireman's helmet, M., 390 Fish-hook, R., 29, 36 ; M., 292. See also Hook. Flagon. M., 303 Flagstaff, M., 161 Flakes. P. 1 : X., 2. Flask. R.,60; M., 165, 174 Flat-iron. M., 292 Flesh-hook. See Hook. Flower-stand, R., 87, 89 ; M.. 165, 211 Flute, R., 42 Forceps. R., 53 Fork, R., 36-37 ; M., 383 Foundation deposits, M., 258-259 100 INDEX OF OBJECTS. Foundation tablets, M., 257-259 Fulham ware, M., 222-226 Fuming pot, M., 199. See alw, Pot. Funnel, M., 207, 292 Game-piece, M., 151-152 Games, R., 44 Gardener, sign, M., 253 Gems, R., 29 George and Dragon, sign, M. , 253 ' Gerard the Giant," M., 162 German stoneware, M., 216-222 Gimlet, M., 288 Gipciere frame, M., 136-138 Girdle ends, or mounts, R., 62 : A.S.. 121 ; M.. 134, 138-139 Glass, R., 75-80, 116 ; M., 163-177 Venetian, 118 Goblet, M.. 165-166 Godfrey's Court, tablet, M., 256 Goose and Gridiron, sign, M., 253 Gorget, L.C., 8 Gouge, L.C., 14 ; R., 52, 118 ; M., 292 Great Fire, memorial tablet, M., 257 Gregge family, armorial bearings. M.. 254 Gres de Flandres ware, M., 226- 227 Greybeard. See Bellarmine. Gun, M., 283 - flints, M., 283 Gutter-pipe, lead, M., 391 Hair ornament, L.C., 8 Hairpin, L.C., 7, 14 ; R., 24-26, 108- 109; M., 128-129 Halberd-head, M., 283 Hammer, B.A., 4 ; L.C., 13 ; R., 55 : M.. 283, 292 Handcuffs, Newgate, M.. 391 Handkerchief, printed, M., 390 Handle, R., 52-53, 60, 107, 110 ; A.S.. 122 ; M., 139, 152, 292 Harness. M., 144, 263 Hasps. R., 63, 110 : M., 293, 355 Henrietta Maria, Queen, statue. M.. 256 Hinge, R., 61, 107, 110 ; M., 293 Hippo-sandal, R., 59 Hoe. B.A., 4 ; R., 107 Holies Street, tablet, M., 256 Hook. L.C., 10; R., 29-30, 36. 53, 110 ; A.S., 121 ; M., 293. See also Fish hook. Horn, drinking, A.S., 121 books, M.,392 Horse-bell. R., 58 - furniture, R., 59-60 : M., 261- 265 - shoes, R., 59 ; M., 263-264. See also Bit. House sign. See Sign. Hunting knife, M., 381. 382 Hypocaust tiles. See Tiles*. Incense-burner, R., 60 Ingot. L.C., 10 Ink-well or horn, R., 43-44 : M., 152- 153, 174, 186, 198, 201, 206, 221, 303 Jar, R., 85, 91 ; M.. 166, 174, 184, 189, 191, 198, 200,202-203, 207, 213. 223, 226. See aim. Drug jar. Javelin-head, L.C.. 12 ; R., 56-57, 111 ; A.S., 123; M., 283-284 Jerkin, M., 145 Jettons, M., 393 Jousting shield, M., 285 Jug, R., 85; M., 150, 162, 166, 177- 182, 184-188, 189-190, 193-194,200, 202, 208, 211, 212. 216-217, 222. 226-227,229-230, 303 Keeper for keys. M.. 354 Keg, R., 40 Keystone, M., 254 Keys, R.. 63-68, 111 : M., 118. 294. 341-354 Knife, N.. 2; B.A., 4; L.C., 9-11; R., 37-38, 111 112; A.S., 122, 123 ; M., 281, 293. 357-383 - handle, M., 384-385 - sheath, M., 145-147, 386. 395 Ladle, R., 40 Lambeth ware, M., 212-216 Lamp, R., 45-50, 112. 116; M., 166, 315-316 cover, R., 60 -- filler. R./86 - mould. R., 50 - stand, R. , 50 trimmers, R., 50 Lance-head, L.C., 15 : R., 57 ; M.. 284 Lancet, R, 41 ; A.S., 123 Latch, M., 355 Late Celtic Period, 5- 22 Leather Bottle, sign. M., 144, 253 Leonard. St., Eastcheap. tablet. M.. 255 Linch-pin, R., 55 INDEX OF OBJECTS. 401 Linen smoother, M., 174 Link, R., 60 Loan Collections, 393 Locks, R., 63, 112 ; M., 354-355 London Bridge, stone, M., 257 Loops for buckets, etc., R.. 53, 112 Lord Mayor's barge, model, M., 391 Loving cup, M., 211 Loyal London Volunteers, colours, M., 390 sword, etc., M., 287 Mace, City Marshal's, M., 312 Mail. Sec Chain Mail. Mail-coach, model, M., 391 Main gauche, M., 284 Majolica ware, M., 204, 228 Manacles, R., 112 ; M., 293, 296, 356. 391 Man-trap, M., 293 " Maria Wood," barge, M., 162 Mary, St., Moorfields, foundation stone plate, M., 258 Mary, St. , Woolnoth, property mark. M., 258 Mask, R., 70, 71 ; M.. 147 150, 186, 261 Matches, M., 316 Matrices, seal, M., 339 340 Measures, M., 317-319 Medals, M., 393 Metropolitan Cattle Market, trowel used in laying foundation stone, M., 259 Michael's, St., Queenhithe, corner stone, M., 260 Millstone, R., 103 ; M., 159 ; U., 388 Mirror, R., 27 Misertcorde, M., 284 Modelling tool, R., 54 ; M., 293-294 Money-box, M., 184, 189, 192, 198, 206. 208, 232 Monk's head, sculptured, M., 261 Monkey's skull, M., 155 Monstrance. M., 339 Monumental stone, Danish, 125 Monumental stones. See Stones. Monuments, ecclesiastical, M., 259 Mortar, R., 103 ; M., 180, 294 ; U., 388 Mortaria, R., 99, 101, 102-103, 115, 116 Mould, R., 50, 71. 99, 1 16 ; M., 337-338 Moulding. M., 161 Mount. R., 62 ; M., 135-136, 139 Mug, M.. 190, 191, 194, 195, 203, 212, 218, 225, 227, 228, 230, 303 Mule-shoe, M., 264 Muniment chests, 393 Musical instruments, R., 42 Nail-cleaner, R.. 27, 109 ; A.S., 121 Nail, R . 55-56, 113, 118 ; M.. 264, 294 Naked Boy, sign, M., 253 " Napier's Bones," M., 390 National Safe Deposit Company, discoveries on site of premises. R., 108-118 Needle, R., 30-31, 109 ; A.S., 122 Needle-case, M., 153 Nelson, letter of, 392 sword given by, 287 Neolithic period, 1-2 Net sinkers, L.C., 22 ; R., 86 New Forest ware, R., 93 Newgate Prison relics, 391 Nuremberg tokens, 393 Nut-crackers, M., 294 (Enochoe, R., 91 Olave, St., Grammar School, property mark, M., 254 Olla, R., 93 Ornament (personal, etc.), L.C., 5-10; R., 25-31, 60-62, 108-109 ; A.S.. 120-122 ; M., 140 Ostrich, sign, M., 253 Ox shoe, M., 264 Padlock, M., 355-357 Palaeolithic period, 1 Pan, M., 197, 200, 206, 209 Panel, M., 216 Pap boat, M., 303 Paper knife, M., 384 Paris Hotel de Ville, model, M.,391 Patch-box, M., 228 Patera, L.C., 10; R., 78, 83, 85, 86, 99-101. Sec also Dish. Pavement, mosaic, R., 71-72 Peg, R., 56, 107, 113 ; M., 153, 162 Pendant, R., 27 ; A.S.. 121 ; M., 140 Penner, M., 147 Penner's knife, M., 382 Personal ornaments. Sec Ornaments. Pestle, M., 174 Petronel, M., 284 Pewter, M., 301-305, 308-311, 395 Pheon. M., 277 Phial, M., 174-175 Pick, L.C., 14 ; R., 53, 106; U., 388 Piercer. L.C., 14; R., 53, 106; M., 294-295; U., 388 Pike-head, R., 57 ; M., 284-285 Pile, R., 75 ; A.S., 125 ; M., 295 ; U., 389 27 402 INDEX OF OBJECTS. Pilgrim's bottle. See Coptrel. Pilgrims' signs. M., 325-335 Pill, sign, M.. 253 Pin, L.C., 8, 14 ; K., 24-26, 56, 113 ; A.S., 121, 122 ; M., 128, 129, 162 ; U., 388 cases, M., 153 Pin-making implement, M., 154 Pincers, R.. 53 ; M., 295 Pipe, tobacco, M., 232-236 case, M., 236 stopper, M., 236-237 Pipkin, M., 189, 192, 197, 201, 205. 21-2 Pistol, toy, M., 284 Pitcher, R., 86 ; M., 178, 182-183, 185, 187, 190-m. 194, 200, 202, 208, 210. 216, 227, 229 Pitt Bridge. See Blackfriars Bridge. Plane, M., 295 Plaque, M., 155,391 Plasterers' Company's prize designs, 391 Plate, L.C., 10 ; R., 62-63, 112 ; A.S.. 119, 121 ; M., 140, 155, 200, 2U4, 228. 303-334, 305 Silver, M., 312, 393 Playing cards, 391, 393 Pliers, M., 295, 298 Plumbers' Company, chest, 393 Plough-share, R., 53 Pole. See. Barge pole, Skating pole. Pole-points. See Spikes. Poniard, M., 279, 285 Porcelain, M., 227-228 Porringer, M., 186, 188-189. 192, 196- 197, 200, 205, 225, 231, 296, 304 Posset cup. M., 205, 212 Pol, M., 1*6, 196, 197, 200, 202, 205, 206, 209, 213, 225, 232, 296, 304, 395. See also Cooking pot, Fuming pot, Tripod, Watering pot. Potters' marks, R., 115, 394 Pottery, L.C., 16-22 ; R., 80-103, 114- 116, 394-395 ; M., 177-232, 395 Poulters' Company, property mark, 255 Pounce box, M., 213 Pounder, L.C., 13 Powder-horn, M., 155 Proby, Sir Peter, slab with coat of arms, M., 254 Property marks, M., 254-255 Pudding Lane, memorial tablet, M.. 257 Pump, M., 296 Punch, R., 53 ; M., 296 ' Punch " office deposit, M., 258 Purse, M., 158 Quern, R., 104 ; U., 389 Raeren ware, M., 229-231 Rapier. B.A., 3 ; M., 285 Rasp, M., 155 Rattle, alarm, M., 162 Razor, L.C., 9 ; M., 386-387 Rimer, R., 54 Reliquary, M., 155,339 Ring, B.A., 3 ; L.C., 8, 22 ; R., 28-29, 56, 60, 86-87, 109, 113, 118; A.S. 119; M., 127-128, 296 Ring-brooch. See Brooch. Ring-key, R., 66 Rivet, R.. 61, 62, 118 ; A.S., 123 Rod, R., 54, 79 ; M., 118, 140,155, 296 Roman period, 23-118 Roofing tiles. See Tiles. Rosary, M., 162 Royal arms, M., 162, 260 " Royal George" relic, 391 Rufford's Buildings, tablet, M., 256 Rush holder, M., 316 Sack bottle, M., 171. See also Bottle, Wine bottle. Salt cellar, M., 184, 195, 209, 213. 304, 312 Samian ware, R., 95-101, 115-116, 394-395 Sandal, R., 32-34, 109 Sarcophagus, R., 106 Sauce-boat, M., 228 Saucer, R., 87, 189, 196, 204. 209 227 Saw, N., 2, L.C., 13; R., 54; M., 155, 296 Scabbard ends, M., 140-141 Scales, R., 35-36, 113, M., 319 Scissors, M., 297 Scoop, R., 39, 54 ; M., 150 Scourge, R., 54 Scraper, P., 1 ; N., 2 ; R., 27 Screwdriver, R., 53 Sculptured stones. See Stones. Seal, R., 113; M., 339-341 Sepulchre, St. , boundary mark M., 255 Server's knife, M., 362, 372, 373 Shakespeare, autograph of, 392 Shears, R., 64 ; A.S., 123; M., 297-298 Sheath, M., 144, 145-146. 149. 386, 395 Shelf support, M., 162 INDEX OF OBJECTS. 403 Shield, M., 162, 285 Arms of Edward III, M., 260 Shipwrights' Company, chest, 393 Shoe, R., 31-32, 109-110; M., 118, 147-1 49. See also Horse-shoe, Mule- shoe, Ox-shoe Shoe-horn, M., 298, 304 Shoemaker's knife, M., 373 Shovel, M., 298 Shrine, M., 159 Sickle, L.C., 11 ; M., 298 Siegburg ware, M., 229-231 Signs, tavern and house, M., 143, 252- 254. See also Pilgrims' signs. Sinkers for fishing. Sec Net-sinkers. Situla, R., 113 Skates, M., 154 Skating pole, M., 296 Skewers, R., 40, 113 Skillet, M., 290, 395 Skinner Street, tablet, M., 256 Skulls, R., 118 ; M., 162 ; U., 389 Slab, R., 106, 113 ; M., 254, 256. See also Coffin slab. Sleeve links, M., 135 Slip ware, M., 231-232 Snuff-box, M., 237 Snuffers, M., 316-317 Snuffer-tray, 395 Socket, L.C., 13 Sole, R., 109; M., 147-148 Spade, M., 298 Spatula, R., 54, 113 Spear-head, B.A., 3 ; L.C., 12, 15-16 ; R., 57, 118; A.S., 120, 124; M., 285-286 Spigot, M., 232 Spike, R., 57 ; M., 154 Spindle, R., 40-41, 113 ; M., 159 Spindle-whorl, R., 41 ; M., 159, 193 Spinning implements, R., 40-41 ; M., 159 Spit, R., 40, 113; M., 298 Spittoon, M., 207, 212, 225 Spoon, L.C., 9; R., 39-40, 113; M., 162, 301-305,308-311 Spoons, forks, etc., of Geo. Cruik- shank, M., 312 Spread Eagle, sign, M.. 253 Sprinkler. See Watering pot. Spud, R., 51 ; M., 298 Spurs, M., 26.5-275 Staff, M., 162, 392, 395 Staff-head, L.C., 10 ; M., 157, 312 Stamp, R., 54 Stand, R., 60 flower, R., 87 - lamp, R., 50, 116 Standard-head, R., 63 Staple, R., 5 : M., 298 Star, sign, M., 254 Statue, R., 104-105 ; M., 162, 256-257 Statuette, R., 68-71. Steel, for sharpening knives, M., 386 Stewkeley's Street, tablet, M., 256 Stewpan, L.C., 9 Stick, M., 162 Stiletto, M., 281, 286 Stirrup, R., 59 ; M., 264-265 Stocking, M., 158 Stone Age, 1-2 Stones, sculptured, R., 104-105 ; M., 256 261 monumental, R., 105-106 Stopper. M., 171. See also Pipe. Stoup, M., 260 Stove, M., 159 Strainer, R., 40 Street tablets, M., 255-256 Strigil, R., 27, 109 Strike-a-light, M.. 317 Stud, R., 61. 63; M., 135 Stylus, R., 42-43, 113-114 Sugar-bowl, M., 228 Surgical instrument, R., 41-42 Swivel, R., 53, 56, 114 ; M., 134, 299 Sword, B.A., 3; L.C., 11; A.S., 124; M., 286-287, 39 L hanger, M., 149 sheath, M., 149 Sylvester, Sir John, bust, M., 257 Syringe, M., 155 Table, M., 162 Tablet, R., 42, 114; M., 162, 254- 255 Tag, A.S., 121; M., 141 Tallies, M., 162, 338 Tankard, M., 149, 225, 230, 304-305 Tap, M., 299 Taper stand, R., 50 Ta > ern signs. See Signs. Tazza, R., b7 ; M., 166, 168 Teapot, M., 210, 395 Temple Bar, slab from chimney-piece, M., 256 Tessellated pavement. See Pavement. Tessera, R.,80 Tetina, R., 87 Thimble, M., 130 27< 404 INDEX OF OBJECTS. Thomas', St., Hospital, property mark, M., 254-255 Three Balls, sign, M., 253 Crowns, sign. M., 253 Kings, sign, M., 254 Thuribulum, R., 60 Tile, R., 72 74 ; M., 159, 238-251 Tinder box, M., 317 Tine of deer horn, B.A., 3; L.C., 14 Tobacco box, M., 238 jar, M., 210 pipe. See Pipe. Toby jug, M., 227 Toilet implements, R., 23-31. See also Ornaments. Token, M., 320-325, 393 Tongs, M., 236, 315 Tool, L.C., 13-15 ; R., 51-56, 114, 118 ; M., 287-301 ; U., 389 Tooth, L.C., 14 Tooth-pick, R., 27 Torch extinguisher, M., 317 Torque, L.C., 8 Tower Bridge, plate, 391 Toy pistol, M., 284 Tray, M., 199 Trident. R., 57 Trimmer for lamp, R., 50 Tripod, M., 299 Trough, 395 Trowel, R., 55 ; M., 299-300 used at laying of foundation stones, M., 259 Tube, R,., 114 Tumbler, M., 166 Tweezers, R., 27, 109 ; A.S., 121 Tyg, M., 204. 211-212 Unguentarium, R., 77, 87 Upchurch ware, R., 93-95, 116 Urn, R., 92-93, 101, 114, 115, 395 ; A.S., 124 ; M., 203 cinerary, L.C., 19-20 ; R., 75, 83-84, 94, 101 Vase, L.C., 16-22 ; R., 60, 87-95, 101, 102, 104, 114-115; A.S., 124; M., 163, 167, 184, 188, 195, 200, 203, 209- 211, 226, 230, 231 Vegetable dish, M., 228 Venetian glass, M., 163-168 Victoria, Queen, relics of, 394 Violin of Abraham Newland, 392 Waistband, M., 390, 391 Walking-stick, handle, M., 228 Wall decoration, R., 72 Wall, portion, R., 74 Warming box, M., 317 Watch, M., 392-393 Watchman's box, 392 Water-bottle, R. , 85. See also Bottle. Water-pipe, R., 75 ; M., 160, 162 Watering pot, M., 184, 189, 192, 199, 201, 207 Waterman's badge, M., 338 Weapons, L.C., 15 ; R. 56-57 ; A.S. 122-124; M., 276-287 Weaving implements, L.C., 16; R., 40- 41 Weight, R., 36 ; M., 319 dies used for stamping, M., 319 Wheat grains, R., 107 Whetstone, L.C., 13 ; M., 160 Whip, R., 54 Whipping post, Newgate, 391 Whistle, R., 42 ; M., 155, 199 Whorls. See Spindle-whorls. Wig-curlers, M., 135 William IV., sword of, 287 Window glass, R., 79 ; M., 169, 177 Wine-bottle. R., 81 ; M.. 169-171, 175- 1 76. See also Bottle, Jar. Wine-glass, M., 167-168 Wine jar. See Jar. Wine measures. See Measure. Wire, R., 29-30, 63 ; M., 300 Wood-carving tool, R., 54 Writing implements, R., 42-44 " Yard of ale," M., 177 405 KEY TO THE PLATES. The double column on the left hand contains the plate and figure numbers, and that on the right the page and number in the text where a description of the object illustrated will be found. IMnl 8 Page Plate Page Plate Page , 1. 16, 242 5, 8. 9, 97 8, 13. 77, 128 1 2. 16, 241 5, 9. 5, 6 8, 14. 76, 28 , 3. 388, 4 5, 10. 107, 13 8, 15. 76, 27 , 4. 388, 5 5, 11. 7, 50 8, 16. 76, 26 , 5. 14, 212 5, 12. 5, 9 8, 17. 77, 125 , 6. 14, 214 S 13. 5, 4 8, 18. 75- 6 , 7. 14, 211 5, 14. 5, 3 8, 19. 75- 8 , '8. 14, 215 5, 15. 7 , 9. 15, 224 5, 16. 6, 21 9- 1. 49, 84 , 10. 16, 248 5, 17. 6, 20 9, 2. 46, 39 , 11. 389, 40 5, 18. 7, 49 9, 3. 46, 26 5, 19. 14, 202 9, 4. 47- 49 2, 1. 13, 163 5, 20. 7, 48 9, 5. 47, 50 2, 2. n, 140 9, 6. 47- 40 2, 3. 12, 144 6, I. 17, 259 9, 7. 44, 2 2, 4. 3, 14 6, 2. 16, 255 9, 8. 48, 62 2, 5. 15, 236 6, 3. 18, 284 2, 6. 235 6, 4. 16, 252 10, 1. 46, 27 2, 7. 13,' 162 6, 5. 17, 260 IO, 2. So, 115 6, 6. 89, 244 10, 3. 46, 30 3- 1. 3, 8 6, 7. 20, 310 IO, 4. 48, 67 3- 2. 3, 9 6, 8. 18, 286 10, 5. 48, 72 3: 3. 4, 20 6, 9. 18, 275 10, 6. 47- 51 3- 3, 4. 5. A 21 243 6, 6, 10. 11. 20, 4, 308 26 10, 10, 7. 8. 45, 47, 20 49 3, 6. 3, 16 6, 12. 20, 309 IO, 9. 49, 92 3^ 7. 15, 238 10, 10. 49, 106 3, 8. 239 7, 1. 75, 1 10, 11. 49, 89 3- 9. IS 237 7> 2. 77, 136 10, 12. 48, 68 3< 10. 389, 89 7, 3. 76, 20 3' 3, 11. 12. o 4 ' 389, 207 90 7, 7, 4. 5. 123 188 III II, 1. 2. a 66 170 3, 13. 389, 91 7, 6. 78! 155 II, 3. 103, 654 7, 7. 77, 146 II, 4. 73, 67 4. 1. 2, 5 7, 8. 75, 2 4, 2. 4> 29 7, 9. 79, 271 12, 1. 69, 19 4. 3. 9, 101 7, 10. 75, 4 12, 2. 69, 21 4. 4-5. 3, 7 12, 3. 61 4> 6. 2, 6 8, 1. 76, 23 12, 4. 63! 1 8, 2. 121 12, 5. 72, 56 5, 1. 22, 349 8, 3. 78, 206 5- 2. 9, 98 8, 4. 76, 17 IS- 1. 104, 6 5- 3. 9, 96 8, 5-6. 76, 76-77 IS, 2. 59, 45 5^ 4. 9, 99 8, 7. 79, 270 IS, 3. 59, 46 & 5. IO, 106 8, 8. 75, 7 13, 4. 106, 6 5, 6. 14, 204 8, 9. 77, 133 13, 5. 104, 658 5' 7 X 4> 203 8, 10-12 77, 78-80 6. 104, 657 406 KEY TO THE PLATES. Plaie Vagc Plate Pag Plat a Page M. 1. 44, 5 19, 2. 51, 5 24, 1. 61. 109 14. 2. 52, 47 19, 3. 37, 49 24, 2. 6x, 111 14. 3. 27, 358 19, '4. 53. 78 24, 3. 61, 110 M. 4. 27, 363 19, 5. 57, 271 24, 4. 61, 108 14. 5. 60, 84 19, 6. 38, 85 24, 5. 24, 34 H. 6. 60, 71 19, 7. 38, 74 24, 6. 24, 32 14- 7. 43, 309 19, 8. 38, 70 24, 7. 24, 31 14. 8. 69, 11 19, 9. 36, 41 24, 8. 24, 29 M. 9. 69, 25 19, 10. 63, 150 24, 9. 24, 30 M. 10. 60, 73 19, 11. 5i, 13 24, 10. 24, 33 19, 12. 5i, 12 24, 11. 27, 366 15. 1. 70, 48 19, 13. Si, 4 24, 12-13. 24, 26 15, 2. 70, 34 I9> 14. 55, 158-161 24, 14. 23, 16 15, 3. 69, 16 19, 15. 55, 156 24, 15. 23, 17 15, 4. 68, 4 24, 16. 24, 24 15. 5. 69, 6 20, 1. 59, 33 24, 17. 23, 1 15, 6. 68. 1 2O, 2. 59, 34 24, 18. 23, 22 15, 7. 70, 53 20, 3. 58, 21 24, 19. 24, 26 15, 8. 70, 51 20, 4-6. 58, 25-27 24, 20. 23, 19 15. 9. 69, 13 2O, 7. 59, 28-30 24, 21. 23, 5 15, 10. 80, 1 20, 8. 27, 340-348 24, 22. 23, 2 is. 11. 136, 13 2O, 9. 27, 349 24, 23. 23, 20 2O, 10-15. 27, 340-348 16, 1. 70, 52 25, 1. 25, 84 16, 2. 70, 44 21, 1. 39, 131 25, 2. 24, 55 16, 3. 70, 43 21, 2. 39, 133 25, 3-4. 25, 85-86 16, 4. 70, 31 21, 3. 39, 132 25, 5. 25, 74 16, 5. 70, 33 21, 4. 39, 141 25, 6. 25, 87 16, 6. 70, 40 21, 5. 40, 142 25, 7. 24, 35 21. 6. 39, 134 25, 8. 24, 45 17, 1. 52, 37 21, 7. 39, 130 25, 9. 24, 36 17, 2. 55, 162 21, 8. 39, 137 25, 10. 128, 67 i7, 3. 52, 40 21, 9. 39, 135 25, 11. 24, 56 i7, 4. 55, 152 21, 10. 39, 136 25, 12. 24, 46 i7, 5. 55, 137 21, 11. 37, 47 25, 13. 24, 47 i7, 6. 37, 55 21, 12. 37, 48 25, 14. 24, 48 i7, 7. 37, 53 25, 15. 24, 57 i7, 8. 37, 54 22, 1-6. 26, 299 25, 16. 4i> 202 i7, 9. 54, 114 22, 7. 4i, 201 25, 17. 54, 104 i7, 10. 55, 147-150 22, 8. 26, 299 25, 18. 54, 103 17, 11. 52, 38-39 22, 9-10. 27, 357 25, 19. 54, 102 22, 11. 53, 71 18, 1. 55, 155 22, 12. 4i> 203 26, 1. 25, 70 18, 2. 55, 154 22, 13. 27, 356 26, 2. 25, 69 18. 3. 55, 156 22, 14. 4i, 198 26, 3! 24, 68 18, 4. 55, 153 26, 4. 24, 40 18, a. 53, 87 23, 1. 36, 18 26, 5. 25, 71 18, 6. 53, 86 23, 2. 36, 19 26, 6. 25, 88 18, 7. 53, 85 23, 3. 35, 5 26, 7. 30, 423 18, 8. 53, 84 23, 4. 35, 12 26, 8. 30, 421 18, 18, 9. 10. P; 83 27 23, 23, 5. <;. 7 24 26, 26, 9. 10. 29, 30, 406 420 18, 11. 51, 1 23, 7. 35, 13 26, 11. 29, 407 23, 8. 35< 1 26, 12. 30, 422 19, 1. 57, 270 23, 9. 35, 6 26, 13. 29, 408 KEY TO THE PLATES. 407 Plate Page Plate Page Plate Page 26, 14. 29, 417 29, 16. 30, 434 35, 5. 33, 38 26, 15. 29, 415 35, 6. 33, 26 26, 16. 29, 414 30, 1. 40, 147 35, 7. 32, 22 26, 17. 27, 334 30, 2. 40, 148 26, 18. 29, 416 30, 3. 40, 146 36, 1-4. 72, 29-32 26, 19. 27, 335 3, 4. 36, 31 30, 5. 61, 88 37, 1. 80, 8 27, 1. 65 55 30, 6. 61, 91 37, 2. 80, 5 27, 27, 2. 3. 6 5 ' 54 58 30, 30, 7. 8. e 145 87 37, 37, 3. 4. 80, 80, 2 3 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1 $7, 67, 67, 51 59 98 101 99 1-10. 11, 12, 13, 14, 43. 42, 43, 43, 43, 295-304 220 264 265 20 37, 38, 38, 38 >' 38, 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 80, 8 97, 99, 4 421 446 470 556 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. $ 67, 67, 6S, 95 91 93 92 108 107 3ll 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 261 266 231 232 267 262 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 84, 81, go, 82, 87, 112 56 283 80 201 27, 27, 16. 17. 67, 67, 97 103 32, 32, 1-9. 10-11. 43. 43, 233-241 242 40, 40, 1. 2. 89, 91, 272 301 28, 28, 28, 28, 28, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 79, 79, 79. 79, 79, 367 361 448 368 455 32, 32, 33, 33, 33, 12. 13. 1. 2. 3. 43, 42, 26, 26, 26, 263 214 209 228 208 40, 40, 40, 40, 40, 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. & 85, 103, 89, 133 161 147 642 250 28, 6-11 79, 369-374 33, 4-5. 148-149 41, 1. 81, 48 28, 12. 79, 456 33, 6. 26 207 4 1 , 2. 81, 42 28, 13. 413 33, 7. 2 5, 129 3. 89, 274 28, 14. 3?! 37 33, 8-12. 25, 123-128 4 1 ' 4. 81, 27 28, 15. 36, 38 33, 13-15. 28, 384 4 1 , 5. 82, 64 28, 16. 36, 33 4 1 , 6. 83, 95 28, 17. 36, 39 34, 1. 44, 313 4 1 , 7. 87, 198 28, 18. 36, 40 34, 2-3. 44, 318-319 4 1 , 8. 90, 291 28, 19. 54, 97 34. 4. 44, 314 34, 5. 44, 312 42, 1. IO2, 612 29, 1. 4 Z > 190 34, 6. 44, 315 42, 2. 394, 89 29, 2 4 1 - 176 34, 7. 44, 316 42, 3. 89, 266 29, 8. 4 1 . 173 34, 8. 44, 317 42, 4. 93, 339 29, 4. 4 1 - 177 34, 9. 44, 312 42, 5. 101. 608 29, 5. 4*i 191 34, 10-11. 122, 103 42, 6. 92, 338 29, 6. 4 1 - 171 34, 12. 42, 207 42, 7. 93, 368 29, 7. 4 1 , 174 34> 13. 42, 208 42, 8. 1 01. 599 29, 8. 30, 476 34, 14. 42, 209 42, 9. 394, 84 29, 9. 30, 481 34, 1"). 42, 210 42, 10. 93, 363 29, 10. 30, 482 34, 16. 122, 105 42, 11. 92, 331 29, 11. 30, 433 42, 12. 92, 327 29, 12. 31, 496 35. 1. HO, 77 42, 13. 92, 337 29, 13. 30, 477 35, 2. 32, 16 42, 14. 92, 330 29, 14. 30, 427 35, 3. 31, 1 29, 15. 30, 478 35, 4. 33, 37 43, 1. 94, 378 408 KEY TO THE PLATES. Plate Page Plate Page Plate Page 43, 2. IO2, 611 48, 4. 87, 190 S3, 4. 124, 151 43, 3. 94, 377 48, 5. 83, 97 53, 5. 123, 133 43, 4. 94, 403 48, 6. 86, 176 53, 6. 124, 158 43, 5. 43, 6. IOI, 94, 600 375 48, 7. 48, 8. 83, 93 86, 175 53, 7. 53, 8. 124, 124, 157 155 43, 7. IOI, 605 53, 9. 121, 92 43, 8. IOI, 602 49, 1. 90, 298 53, 10. 120, 73 43, 9- IOI. 603 49, 2. 88, 227 53, 11- 120, 71 49, 3. 90, 286 53, 12- 120, 72 44, 1- 93, 361 49, 4. 90, 295 44, 2. 93, 367 49, 5. 84, 115 54, l- 119, 27-38 44, 3. 93, 366 49, 84, 118 54, 2. 119, 1 44, 4. 93, 364 49, 7. 88, 230 54, 3. 119, 3 44, 5-9. 394, 89 49, 8. 84, 119 54, 4. "9, 2 49, !>. 94, 374 54, r >- 119, 10 45, I- 97, 477 54, 6. 119, 5 45, 2. 45, 3. 45, 4. 45, 5. 45, 6- 98, 98, 98, IOI, 97, 513 497 482 595 467 50, 1. 50, 2. 50, 3. 50, 4. 1 06, 16 106, 15 106, 14 108, 54, 7. 54, 8-11. 54, 12. 54, 13. 54, 14- "9, 119, 119, "9, 122, 4 6-9 11-26 39-43 106 ~J" 45, 7. 45, 8- 45, 9. 98! 98, 100, 494 510 582 Si, I- Si, 2. Si > 3. 124, 170 121, 85 120, 53 54, 15. 54, 16. 54, 17-19- 122, 122, I2O, 108 104 74 45, 10. 45, 11. 98, 100, 508 579 Si, 4. Si, 6- 120, 56 120, 55 55- 71, 1 45, 12- 45, 13. 45, 14. 45, 15. 98, 100, IOO, 500 577 571 561 51, 6- 5l' 8- SI, ! . ' 120, 57 120, 58 120, 60 120, 59 56, 1-2. 56, 3. 56, 4. 106, 105, 104, 7 1 1 45, 16- 45, 17. & 507 423 51, 10. Si, H- I2O, 54 120, 65-67 57- 125, 173 46,' 2. 46, 3. 46, 4. 46, 5. 46, 6. 99, 99, 78,' 93, 317, 537 524 119 203 315 85 51, 12. Si, 13. Si, 14- SI, 13- 51, 16. 51, 17. 122, 114 121, 87 124, 164 124, 166 122, 116 122, 99 58, L 58, 2. 58, 3. 58, 4. 58, 5. 58, 6. 253, 254, 253, 253, 252, 254, 24 25 13 22 5 26 46, 7. 46, S. 46, 9. 46, 10. 46, 11. 46, 12. 93, 78', 93, 344 213 459 154 151 346 52, 1. 52, 2. 52, 3. 52, 4. 52, 5. 52, 6. 122, 118 122, 119 122, 122 121, 98 121, 97 121, 96 59, L 59, 2. 59, 3. 59, 4. 59, 5. 59, 6. 253, 254, 253, 253, 253, 252, 20 28 14 17 21 1 52, 7-10. 122, 109-112 47, 1-2. 99, 551-552 52, 11. 122, 100 60, 1. 252 2 47, 3-4. 99, 544-545 52, 12. 122, 113 60, 2. 289' 36 47, 5. 102, 615 52, 13. 121, 93 60, 3. 394, 88 47, 6-8. 99, 546-548 , 52, 14. 121, 91 60, 4. 253, 16 60, 5. 254, 39 48, 1. 83, 88 53, 1. 123, 136 60, 6. 253, 18 48, 2. 48, 3. 85, 140 86, 17? 173 53, 2. 124, 152 53, 3. 123, 131 61, 1. 253, 10 KEY TO THE PLATES. 409 Plate Page Plate Page Plate Page 61, 2. 253, 12 68, 13. I8 5 , 138 73, 3. 214, 71 68, 14. 193, 289 73, i. 214, 72 62, 1. 257, 13 68, 15. 195, 331 73, 5. 215, 88 62, 2. 252, 9 68, 16. 317 73, 6. 230, 388 62, S. 252, 7 73, 7. 226, 306 69, 1. 363, 112 73, 8. 230, 385 63, 1. 255, 53 69, 2. 338, 269 73, 9. 226, 296 63, 2. 15 69, 3. 338, 268 63, 3. l62, 118 69, 4. 325, 147 74, 1. 144, 49 63, 4. 252, 3 69, 5. 187, 167 74, 2. 144, 48 69, 6. 121, 89 74, 3. 144, 52 64, 1. 216, 106 69, 7. 185, 125 74, 4. 149, 217 64, 2. 216, 107 69, 8. 207, 567 74, 5. 144, 53 64, 3. 253, 11 69, 9. 231, 405 74, 6. 149, 218 74, 7. 144, 50 65, 1. 259, 44 7, 1. 210, 635 74, 8. 143, 37 65, 2. 260, 53 70, 2. 211, 9 74, 9. 144, 51 65, 3. 257, 17 70, 3. 231, 396 74, 10. 147, 106 70, 4. 204, 519 74, 11. 144, 48 66, 1. 180. 56 70, 5. 208, 586 66, 2. 187, 166 70, 6. 211, 14 75, 1. 145, 65 66, 3. 182, 88 70, 7. I94> 322 75, 2. 145, 60 66, 4. 180, 55 70, 8. 211, 17 75, 3. MS, 61 66, 5. 178, 24 70, 9. 211, 6 75, 4. 147, 109 66, 6. 186, 145 70, 10. 231, 403 75, 5. 144, 46 66, 7. 177, 1 7, 11. 202, 467 75, 6. M7 107 66, 8. 181, 63 70, 12. 211, 10 75, 7. 144, 47 66, 9. 184, 109 70, 13. 211, 4 75, 8. 142, 9 66, 10. 180, 48 70, 14. 211, 8 75, 9-11. 145, 64 66, 11. 177, 3 70, 15. 231, 394 75, 12. MS, 63 66, 12. 1 86, 143 71, 1. 217, 124 76, 1. 148, 141 67, 1. 231, 401 71, 2. 216, 115 76, 2. 148, 189 67, 2. 183, 105 71, 3. 219, 155 76, 3. 148, 147 67, 3. 184, 124 7 1 , 4. 216, 112 76, 4. *47> 119 67, 4. 183, 97 71, 5. 216, 110 76, 5. 143, 22 67, 6. 189, 204 7 1 , 6. 223, 236 76, 6. 114 67, 6. 183, 104 7i> 7. 216, 114 76, 7. 142', 11 67, 7. 183, 100 71, 8. 220. 173 76, 8. 148. 143 67, 8. 207, 572 71, 9. 217, 132 76, 9. 143, 13 67, 9. 208, 592 71, 10. 219, 158 76, 10. 147, 126 67, 10. 291, 88 71, 11. 223, 244 76, 11. 148, 191 76, 12. 148, 192 68, 1. 198, 385 72, 1. 193, 285 76, 13. 158, 35 68, 2. 188, 1X2 72, 2. ' 222, 231 76, 14. 158, 43 68, . 3. 192, 263 72, 3. 212, 37 76, 15. 148, 140 68, 4. i99> 410 72, 4. 226, 300 76, 16. 148, 148 68, 5. 183, 293 72, 5. 225, 2S5 68, 6. 195, 338 72, 6. 222, 227 77, 1. 233, 44 68. 7. 199, 420 72, 7. 226, 305 77, 2. 233, 41 68, 8. 199, 418 72, 8. 227, 309 77, 3. 233, 42 68, 9. 197, 367 72, 9. 229, 364 77, 4. 233, 40 68, 10. 179, 36 77, 5. 233, 50 68, 11. 191, 244 73, 1. 213, 48 77, 6. 233, 47 68, 12. 201, 449 73, 2. 213, 61 77, 7. 233, 48 28 410 KEY TO THE PLATES. Plate Page Plate Page Plate Page 77, 8. 233, 49 80, 13. 332, 136 83, 12. 371, 255 77, 9. 233, 45 80, 14. 329, 68 83, 13. 3O7, 179 77, 10. 233, 43 83, 14. 368, 194 77, 11. 232, 7 81, 1. 310, 91 83, 15. 362, 97 77, 12. 232, 1 81. 2. 307, 37 83, 16. 36l, 70 77, 13. 232, 6 81, 3! 307, 38 83, 17. 363, 114 77, 14. 234, 56 81, 4. 307, 36 83, 18. 375, 357 77, 15. 233, 29 81, 5. 307, 34 77, 16. 235, 103 Si. 6. 307, 33 8 4 , 1. 37i, 252 77, 17. 234, 55 81, 7. 307, 81 84, 2. 37i, 250 77, 18. 235, 104 81. 8. 27 84, 3. 37i, 251 77, 19. 235, 118 81. 9. 308, 41 84, 4. 373, 313 77, 20. 235, 105 81, 10. 3O7, 23 84, 5. 386, 583 77, 21. 236, 132 i 81, 11. 308, 45 84, 6. 376, 361 77, 22. 235, 119 81, 12. 308, 47 84, 7. 383, 531 77, 23. 234, 59 j 81, 13. 308, 46 84, 8. 360, 58 81, 14. 307, 35 84, 9. 375, 352 78, 1. 327, 33 81, 15. 309, 75 84, 10. 362, 84 78, 2. 328, 53 81, 16. 310, 84 84, 11. 37L 264 78, 3. 331, 117 81, 17. 309, 76 84, 12. 363, 113 78, 4. 332, 125 81, 18. 309, 67 84, 13. 360, 57 78, 5. 326, 11 81, 19. 309, 68 84, 14. 375, 347 78, 6. 81 81, 20. 309, 66 | 84, 15. 358, 23 78, 7. 328, 53 78, 8. 332, 133 82, 1. 265, 16 85, 1. 134, 145 78, 9. 335, 203 82, 2. 265, 19 85, 2-3. 3i7, 82 78, 10. 335, 188 82, 3. 265, 2 85, 4. 316, 66 78, 11. 329, 70 82, 4. 267, 47 85, 5. 3M, 37 78, 12. 329, 76 82, 5. 267, 55 85, 6. 3i3, 18 78, 13. 329, 84 82, 6. 266, 40 85, 7. 3i4, 21 78, 14. 33i, 108 82, 7. 266, 28 85, 8. 3i3, 2 78, 15. 327, 47 82, 8. 270, 106 85, 9. 3i3, 15 82, 9. 270, 102 85, 1C). 3i5, 47 79, 1. 327, 34 82, 10. 269, 80 85, 11. 3i3, 5 79, 2. 326, 20 82, 11. 269, 99 79, 3. 328, 63 82, 12. 269, 91 86, 1-2. 287, 238 79, 4. 330, 99 82, 13. 270, 108 86, 3. 286, 223 79, 5. 332, 124 82, 14. 273, 153 86, 4. 39i, 21 79, 79, 6. 7. 330, 330, 97 98 82, 82, 15. 16. 271, 273, 128 157 86, 86, 5. 6. 127, 128, 36 49 79, 8. 33i, 119 82, 17. 271, 127 86, 7. 128, 51 79, 9. 329, 83 82, 18. 275- 189 86, 8. 29, 394 82, 19. 275, 192 86, 9. 28, 390 80, 1. 33i, 115 86, 10. 127, 35 80, 2. 326, 30 83, 1. 366, 167 86, 11. 28, 392 80, 3. 330, 87 83, 2. 365, 149 86, 12. 128, . 48 80, 4. 329, 82 83, 3. 365, 142 86, 13. 29, 397 80, 5. 335, 194 83, 4. 371, 253 86, 14. 29- 403 80, 6. 333, 156 83, 5. 289, 37 80, 7. 333, 158 83, 6. 362, 102 87, 1. 280, 99 80, 8. 333, 157 83, 7. 358, 21 87, 2. 284, 184 80, 9. 330, 100 83, 8. 304 87, 3. 282, 124 80, 10. 329, 69 83, 9. 380, 463 87, 4. 279, 87 80, 11. 329, 78 83, 10. 359, 34 87, 5. 279, 89 80, 12. 329, 71 83, 11. 369, 218 87, 6. 286, 221 KEY TO THE PLATES. 411 1'Iate Page Plate Page Plate Page 87, 7. 283, 148 89, 28. 277, 23 94, 9. 354, 325 87, 8. 276, 1 89, 29. 277, 27 87, 9. 283, 165 95, 1. 157, 19 87, 10. 278, 70 oo, 1. 294, 151 95, 2. 157, 20 87, 11. 154, 135 90, 2. 294, 150 95, 3. 157, 21 87, 12. 154, 137 oo, 3. 152, 92 95, 4. 157, 25 87, 13. 339, 277 oo, 4. 316, 73 87, 14. 285, 203 90, 5. 315, 51 96, 1. 252, 8 90, 6-7. ISO, 6-7 96, 2. 334, 177 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 129, 129, 129, 129, I 5 I , 151, 151,' 152, 284' 132, 132, 130, i33, 158 156 159 157 71 66 68 69 72 65 64 187 76 74 1 104 90, 91, 91, 91, 91! 91, 91, 91, 91, 91, 92, 92, 92, 92, 8. 1. 2. 3. i). 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 1. 2. 3. 4. 317, 346, 347, 344, 35i, 346, 348, 345, 346, 352, 343, 200, 301, 301, 318, 88 83 56 284 91 195 82 104 292 36 64 7 9 18 9j' 96' 96- 96, 9$' 96, 9j' 9j' 96, 97, 97, 97, 97, 97, 97, 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 1. 2. 3. t{ 6. 252, 291, 334, 2Q5, 162, 339, 339, 312, 317, 137, 138, 137, JsV 253, 6 80 167 171 123-5 275 276 2 3 23 44 24 33 41 53 23 92, 5. 318, 15 97, 7. 305, 73 89, 1. 141, 111 92, 6. 304, 59 89, 2. 141, 110 92, 7. 303, 30 98, 1. 256, 3 89, 3. 138, 57 92, 8. 289, 43 98, 2. 256, 2 89, 4. 140, 104 92, 9. 290, 63 98, 3. 256, 4 89, 5. i39, 63 92, 10. 303, 31 89, 6. i39, 64 99, 1. 291, 76 89, 7. 66 93, 1. 302, 21 99, 2. 97, 477 89, 8. 138, 58 93, 2. 305, 74 99, 3. 93, 360 89, 9. 140, 103 93, 3. 296, 185 99, 4. 125, 174 89, 10. 141, 106 93, 4. 299, 289 99, 5. 151, 29 89, 11. i39, 72 93, 0. 305, 71 89, 12. 141, 109 93, 6. 304, 62 ; IOO, 1. 312, 3 89, 13. 141, 107 93, 7. 312, 1 IOO, 2. 282, 125 89, 14. 141, 108 93, 8. 304, 65 IOO, 3. 284, 183 89, 15. 138, 59 93, 9. 304, 63 IOO, 4. 158, 49 89, 16. 128, 66 93, 10. 57 IOO, 5. 151, 62 89, 17. 128, 65 93, 11. 328, 65 IOO, 6. 202, 464 89, 18. 276, o IOO, 7. 279, 92 89, 19. 276, 10 94, 1. 150, 222 IOO, 8. 6 4 , 30 89, 20. 277, 24 94, 2. 149, 221 IOO, 9. 6 4 , 23 89, 21. 276, 19 94, 3. 144, 41 IOO, 10. 65, 41 89, 22-3. 276, 4-5 94, 4. 142, 2 IOO, 11. 64, 27 89, 24. 277, 50 94, 5. 141, 1 IOO, 12. 288, 29 89, 25. 277, 20 94, 6. 144, 39 IOO, 13. 317, 81 89, 26. 277, 21 94, 7. 195, 339 IOO, 14. 33, 31 89, 27. 277, 22 94, 8. 352, 287 IOO, 15. 32, 8 PREHISTORIC BONE AND WOOD. PLATE I. PREHISTORIC WEAPONS AND IMPLEMENTS. PLATE II. PREHISTORIC BRONZE, -HORN, AND BONE. PLATE III. PREHISTORIC STONE AND BRONZE. PLATE IV. LATE CELTIC FIBULAE, BOWLS, ETC. PLATE V. LATE CELTIC POTTERY, ETC. PLATE VI. ROMAN GLASS. PLATE VII. ROMAN GLASS. PLATE VIII. ROMAN LAMPS, ETC. PLATE IX. ROMAN LAMPS, ETC. PLATE X. fife} 10 11 ROMAN FLUE TILES, ETC. PLATE XI. ROMAN BRONZE, TILE, ETC. PLATE XII. ROMAN SCULPTURE, HIPPO SANDALS, ETC. PLATE XIII. ROMAN BRONZES. PLATE XIV. ROMAN FIGURES, ETC. PLATE XV. ROMAN TERRA-COTTA FIGURES. PLATE XVI. ROMAN KNIVES AND TOOLS. PLATE XVII. ROMAN IRON AND BRONZE. PLATE XVIII. ROMAN WEAPONS, TOOLS, ETC. PLATE -XIX. ROMAN CHAINS AND TWEEZERS. PLATE XX. ROMAN SPOONS, ETC. PLATE XXI. ROMAN TOILET OBJECTS. PLATE XXII. ROMAN BALANCES. PLATE XXIII. ROMAN FIBULAE, ETC. PLATE XXIV. ROMAN PINS AND SPATULAE. PLATE XXV. ROMAN DRESS FASTENERS, PINS, ETC. PLATE XXVI. ^^^VHHBH|HBfe_Mk rt*. ROMAN KEYS. PLATE XXVII. OH ROMAN HOOKS, BEADS, ETC. PLATE XXVIII. Q ROMAN SPINNING IMPLEMENTS AND NEEDLES. PLATE XXIX. 11 13 ROMAN DISH, STRAINERS, ETC. PLATE XXX. ROMAN STYLI, OR PENS. PLATE XXXI. ROMAN WRITING-TABLET AND STYLI. PLATE XXXII. ROMAN PINS AND ARMLETS. PLATE XXXIII. ROMAN AND SAXON BONE OBJECTS. PLATE XXXIV. ROMAN SHOES. PLATE XXXV. ROMAN WALL DECORATION. PLATE XXXVI. ROMAN AMPHORAE. PLATE XXXVII. SAMIAN BOWLS AND MOULDS. PLATE XXXVIII. ROMAN POTTERY. PLATE XXXIX. ROMAN POTTERY. PLATE XL. ROMAN POTTERY. PLATE XLI. CASTOR AND NEW FOREST WARE. PLATE XLII. COLOGNE iWARE. PLATE XLIII. COLOGNE AND NEW FOREST WARE. PLATE XLIV. SAMIAN WARE. PLATE XLV. ROMAN POTTERY, GLASS, ETC. PLATE XLVI. ROMAN DECORATED POTTERY. PLATE XL VII. ROMAN DARK GREY WARE. PLATE XLVIII. ROMAN CINERARY URNS. PLATE XLIX. ROMAN INTERMENT VASES. PLATE L. SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY'S COLLECTION. ANGLO-SAXON AND OTHER OBJECTS. PLATE LI. ANGLO-SAXON BONE OBJECTS. PLATE LIT. ANGLO-SAXON WEAPONS, ETC. PLATE LIII. ANGLO-SAXON BROOCHES, RINGS, ETC. PLATE LIV. 9 O O O O -o o o o O O BUCKLERSBURY ROMAN PAVEMENT. PLATE LV. ROMAN MONUMENTAL SCULPTURES, ETC. PLATE LVI. DANISH MONUMENTAL STONE. RUNIC INSCRIPTION ON SIDE OF STONE. PLATE LVII. TAVERN AND HOUSE SIGNS. PLATE LVIII. TAVERN AND HOUSE SIGNS. PLATE LIX. , TAVERN SIGNS, ETC. PLATE LX. ^- ,2 DOLPHIN AND COCK AND BOTTLE. PLATE LXI. BEDLAM FIGURES, BULL AND MOUTH SIGN. PLATE LXII. TAVERN SIGNS, ETC. PLATE LXIII. DELFT TILE DESIGNS. PLATE LXIV. MEDIEVAL COFFIN, PUDDING LANE TABLET, ETC. PLATE LXV. \ *** MEDI/EVAL POTTERY. PLATE LXVI. ENGLISH POTTERY. PLATE LXVII. ENGLISH POTTERY. PLATEiLXVin. ENGLISH POTTERY, ETC. PLA.TE LXIX. ENGLISH POTTERY. PLATE LXX. STONE WARE, BELLARMINES, ETC. PLATE LXXI. ENGLISH POTTERY. PLATE LXXII. DELFT AND OTHER WARE. PLATE LXXIII. DECORATED LEATHER WORK. PLATE LXXIV. MEDI/EVAL LEATHER WORK. PLATE LXXV. SHOES AND WOOLLEN CAPS. PLATE LXXVI. TOBACCO PIPES. PLATE LXXVII. PILGRIMS' SIGNS. PLATE LXXVIII. PILGRIMS' SIGNS, ETC. PLATE LXXIX. tt^^Ljto MM i PILGRIMS' SIGNS, ETC. PLATE LXXX. PEWTER AND OTHER SPOONS. PLATE LXXXI. ENGLISH SPURS. PLATE LXXXII. ENGLISH KNIVES. PLATE LXXXIII. ENGLISH KNIVES, ETC. PLATE LXXXIV. CANDLE AND RUSH HOLDERS, ETC. PLATE LXXXV. RINGS, THE NELSON SWORD, ETC. PLATE LXXXVI. ENGLISH WEAPONS, SKATES. ETC. PLATE LXXXVII. DRAUGHTSMEN, BUCKLES, ETC. PLATE LXXXVIII. SPEAR AND ARROW HEADS, ETC. PLATE LXXXIX. NUTCRACKERS, SNUFFERS, ETC. PLATE XC. ENGLISH KEYS. PLATE XCI. CAULDRONS, PEWTER VESSELS, ETC. PLATE XCII. PEWTER AND OTHER VESSELS. PLATE XCIII. I LEATHER BLACKJACKS, ETC. PLATE XCIV. LEADEN CISTERN FRONTS. PLATE XCV. s * v * ! MISCELLANEOUS. PLATE XCVI. PURSE FRAMES, ETC. PLATE XCVII. . STATUES FROM GUILDHALL CHAPEL. PLATE XCVIII. COIN-DIE, CHESSMEN, ETC. PLATE XOIX. - MISCELLANEOUS. PLATE C. GETTY RESEARCH INSTITUTE 33125010997498