✓ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Getty Research Institute https://archive.org/details/historyofnationaOOgilm o * HISTORY 1 OF THE NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE AND GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, HELD IN THE CITY OF BOSTON, JUNE, 1869, TO COMMEMORATE THE RESTORATION OF PEACE THROUGHOUT THE LAND. By P. S. GILMORE. Illugtratei) tuitl) $tecl (JUngraoingg. PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, AND FOR SALE BY LEE AND SHEPARD, 149 Washington Street, Boston; LEE, SHEPARD, AND DILLINGHAM, 49 Greene Street, New York. 1871. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1871, BY P. S. GILMORE, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. University Press: Welch, Bigelow, & Co., Cambridge. IhE GETTY CENTER LIBRARY / TO THE MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES OF THE — Rational 'ffleace Jubilee ^.ssoeiation; TO THE EMINENT ARTISTS, LOCAL AND FOREIGN, AND THE LADIES AND GENTLEMEN OF THE GRAND CHORUS; TO THE SCHOOL CHILDREN OF BOSTON ; THE MEMBERS OF THE ORCHESTRA; THE PULPIT, THE PRESS, AND THE PUBLIC ; THE NATIONAL, STATE, AND CITY OFFICIALS; THE RAILROAD CORPORATIONS; AND TO ALL WHO IN ANY WAY AIDED THE GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL HELD IN THE CITY OF BOSTON, JUNE, 1S69, TO COMMEMORATE THE RESTORATION OF PEACE THROUGHOUT THE LAND, Uolttme IS CORDIALLY AND RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY THE AUTHOR. i INTRODUCTORY. A MONG the last acts of the Executive Committee of the National Peace Jubilee Association it was voted “that a faithful and impartial history of that interesting event, from its inception to its close, be prepared for publication.” Upon the writer’s return from Europe, after an absence of sev¬ eral months, he found the wish of the committee had not been carried out; and many calls being made upon him for pamphlets, circulars, programmes, or anything that might serve as souvenirs of the great Festival, the supply of which was not equal to the demand, the thought suggested itself, “May I not prepare an account of the Jubilee myself, weaving into it the various docu¬ ments of interest ? I am familiar with every step of its progress, from its inception to its consummation ; but can I write it out so as to make it interesting to the general reader ? that is the ques¬ tion. Well, I can try 1 ” The x'esult of the trial — and a very severe trial it has been ! —is this volume, which the author gives to the public with great reluctance, feeling it is not in many re¬ spects what is expected, nor what it ought to be. Still he hopes its shortcomings may be overlooked, it being his first, and in all probability his last, effort in the field of literature. In a community where there are so many able and experienced writers, and where it may be said everybody is a critical reader, it is, to say the least, a very bold venture, for one making no pretensions to “classic lore,” to come before the public as an author. Still, so much was said and written about the Peace Jubilee, and so various are the impressions concerning it, the projector has felt it due to himself as well as to all concerned to unfold its origin and motive, and give its true history and the means by which it was brought about. In doing this he has one VI INTRODUCTORY. thing to regret, — that he has not been able to speak in terms of praise of all whom in one way or another he endeavored to interest in the work. The public will not have forgotten that there was a time when very few had any faith whatever in the undertaking; its novelty, magnitude, and extravagance, together with doubts of its feasi¬ bility, caused many, as might have been expected, to withhold their aid or encouragement; but to add to the difficulty of its accomplishment there were good people from the start who made it their business to throw every obstacle in its way, and would, if they possibly could, have prevented its realization. Even towards these the projector has not entertained a particle of ill-feeling. Though they “ darkened counsel by words without knowledge,” no doubt they were influenced by motives which, while promising “ death to the Jubilee,” were to them just and proper. Still, unpleasant as it has been to the author, he could not well avoid presenting the dark background of the picture in writing its history : it would not have been a true history with¬ out it, the tale would have been but half told had the gloomy passages been suppressed. The task is done, the record made, the duty discharged, and the result of a good deal of “hard work” lies before the reader. The author confesses having had a severe struggle to arrive at the word “Finis,” and what may be said of his literary labor is now fearful to contemplate; but it being the effort of a “ ’pren¬ tice hand,” critics and reviewers are respectfully requested not to put too fine a point upon their pencils, remembering that “ Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.” P. S. G. Boston, July 6, 1871. 1 V. CONTENTS. Page National Peace Jubilee and Great Musical Festival 1 First thought of the Peace Jubilee ........ 2 Mr. Gilmore unfolds the plan to a friend, who questions his sanity . . 3 Moralizing on the “ great idea ”. 5 Major Charles 0. Rogers consulted ; he ridicules the idea .... 10 Months of serious deliberation ; resolution to push forward . . . 13 Interview with an architect about plans for the Coliseum .... 23 Mr. Gilmore visits New York, and tries to start the Jubilee in that city . 27 Letters from Colonel Frank E. Howe.36 Interview with General F. A. Osborne.37 The time to hold the Jubilee ......... 39 Selection of the music.40 Printing of the prospectus .......... 43 The plan laid before Boston editors ....... 45 Interview with Mr. Carl Zerrahn ........ 43 Interview with Mr. Julius Eichberg.50 Interview with Mr. John S. Dwight.52 Interview with Mr. Loring B. Barnes.58 Interview with Dr. J. Baxter Upham.61 Letter to Hon. William Gray.■ . 65 Interview with Mr. Oliver Ditson.73 Hon. William Gray and other gentlemen decline to take any interest . 76 The motto, “Let us have Peace,” misconstrued.81 First subscriber to the Jubilee, Mr. Josiah Bardwell .... 84 Letter from Mr. Charles Koppitz.85 First hints of the Jubilee given to the public.86 Interview with Mr. M. M. Ballou ; he subscribes a thousand dollars . . 88 Second interview with Mr. Oliver Ditson ; he subscribes a thousand dollars 89 Interview with Mr. Henry Mason (firm of Mason and Hamlin) ; he sub¬ scribes a thousand dollars ......... 90 Mr. Mills, for Parker House, subscribes a thousand dollars ... 93 Extracts from the papers ; ludicrous incident, etc.94 Colonel Greene of the Boston Post writes an eloquent letter of indorsement 100 The press continue to awaken curiosity.102 Chickering and Sons subscribe a thousand dollars.103 Wrisley and Wetherbee (Tremont and Revere Houses) subscribe a thousand dollars.104 Interview with Mayor Sliurtleff ; his letter of indorsement . . . .105 Interview with Hon. A. H. Rice ; his letter of indorsement . . . 107 Vlll CONTENTS. New York correspondents in possession of all the particulars . Interview with Governor Bullock ; his letter of indorsement i . Interview with Governor Claflin; he indorses the movement and becomes a subscriber. The prospectus given to the press. Comments of the press .......... The general prospect discouraging; people generally look upon the thing as an impossibility. Letter from Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis ; she becomes a subscriber A Boston firm offer the hundred anvils for the Anvil Chorus New plans and renewed efforts. Several canvassers and solicitors become interested, and “give it up” . Mr. Loring B. Barnes declines to accept the Secretaryship of the Chorus . Secret opposition; failure of the Jubilee predicted ..... Efforts to secure the chorus of school children ; letter to Dr. J. B. Upliam First objection to the use of the Common ; an opiposite view Prospects very discouraging ; letter to Handel and Haydn Society . Encouraging letters from Max Maretzek and George F. Root Mr. Gilmore appears before the members of the Commercial Club Mr. Loring B. Barnes publishes an article in the Transcript which does not help the prospects .. Some of the New York papers out upon it '.. The press of Boston begin to look upon the effort as a forlorn hope A new plan, which works well. Interview with Mr. Eben D. Jordan ; he subscribes a thousand dollars Interview with Mr. Horatio Harris ; he subscribes a thousand dollars Alderman Lews Rice subscribes a thousand dollars ..... The Boston Theatre Management subscribe a thousand dollars Subscriptions obtained through prominent firms ...... Discouraging letter, giving the experience of a gentleman who tries to interest merchants .......... Mr. Eben Tourjee accepts the Secretaryship of the Chorus .... Musical people very much interested ....... Mr. Gilmore appears before the city committee, railroad officers, and others Interview with the Board of Managers of the Massachusetts Charitable Me¬ chanic Association . .. Estimates of putting up building; it will cost double the amount at first supposed ; the darkest hour.. A new light; fresh and fruitless efforts to start the building of the Coliseum Chorus Circular No. 1 Interview with Mr. Jordan ; he agrees to become Treasurer Meeting of subscribers .......... Committees pro tevi chosen.. The Common applied for and granted ........ A general meeting of subscribers and an association formed List of officers, committees, etc. Opposition to the Common ......... The press take up the question. Names of six hundred and fifty citizens who sign a remonstrance against permitting the building to be placed on Boston Common ; they appear at City Hall and are defeated. 110 111 113 117 122 126 133 134 134 135 138 140 143 147 152 156 157 162 163 165 •168 169 171 172 172 172 173 177 179 181 184 187 189 195 197 198 203 204 206 210 211 225 CONTENTS. IX The Executive Committee hold a meeting, and break up with the im¬ pression that the Jubilee is given up ..... The committee dedhle to change the location of the building, and publish a card to that effect .......... Congratulations of the press ......... Mr. Loring B. Barnes urges a postponement ...... Spirited meetings of Executive Committee ; all things working well A serious question ; where is the money coming from to meet expenses ?. Great uprising of singers ; ten thousand respond to the first call . The Handel and Haydn Society conclude to join. Engagement of orchestra . • . . . . . . . . Letter from Dexter Smith. Bureau of Accommodations. Letter to City Government from Executive Committee .... A great organ contracted for ........ Chorus Circular No. 2 ......... Application of the Executive Committee for the chorus of school children . The erection of the Coliseum ......... Malicious rumors ; the building said to be unsafe ..... The decorations ; gas, water, etc. ........ Damaging apprehensions ; change of children’s chorus from first to last day Examination of the Boston Chorus ........ Correspondence with Madame Parepa-Rosa ...... A Hymn of Peace written by Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes .... First meeting of the Music Committee ........ Selection of a clergyman to inaugurate the Festival with prayer . Cannons, bells, anvils, and the great drum ...... Colonel James Fisk, Jr. reduces railroad fares to Boston. Chorus Circular No. 3. Mayor Shurtleff and city officials visit Washington and invite President Grant and other dignitaries to attend the Jubilee .... Views of the press at this stage of progress. Publication of the official programme ....... Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis and Dr. Lowell Mason invited to the Jubilee by the Executive Committee. Names of all who were invited to the Jubilee by the City of Boston as its guests... Why it should be called a National Peace Jubilee. Interesting letter from Hon. J. M. Usher. General J. G. Foster examines the building and pronounces it safe . The anvil chorus proves a “trump card”. Ole Bull invited by the Executive Committee ; other artists secured Chorus Circular No. 4 . . . . ;. Trouble among the musicians avoided. Efforts to secure the presence of President Grant; he decides to come . Peep behind the scenes ; workings of committees, etc. .... The responsibilities of the Executive Committee; what they did; Boston Patriotism ........... The day before the Festival; description of the Coliseum .... Description of the great organ. Many who helped the cause pointed out among the visitors.... 236 249 250 257 258 259 262 263 264 266 268 269 270 271 273 275 276 278 281 284 288 290 297 299 299 307 308. 309 311 330* 340. 343'. 348. 351 353 354' 355 359’ 362. 363= 366 373 382’ 403. 406 X CONTENTS. First Day op the Peace Jubilee. First grand rehearsal.. Chorus rules ........... Official reception of members of the press. Full programme of the Festival ....... Recapitulation of the programmes ....... Opening ceremonies ; prayer by the Rev. E. E. Hale Welcome address by Mayor Shurtleff. Address by Hon. A. H. Rice on the restoration of Peace and Union . Musical Exercises of the First Day . ... Comments of the press on the First Day’s performance Second Day of tiie Peace Jubilee. Reception of President Grant ; grand military review ; the musical exercises ; banquet at the Revere House ; comments of the press Death of Mrs. George L. Dunlap of Chicago, in the Coliseum . Third Day op the Peace Jubilee ....... Grand ball in the Coliseum ; names of the committee . . . Comments of the press. Fourth Day of the Peace Jubilee. Presence of George Peabody, the London Banker ; comments of the press... Congratulatory circular to the chorus. Fifth and last Day of the Peace Jubilee. Grand chorus of children ; a delightful performance .... Resolutions of the press ; presentations, etc. ..... Withdrawal of the police ; address by Mayor Shurtleff. Number of visitors attending the Jubilee, etc. ..... Resolutions of the Executive Committee ...... Comments of the press; the general result; extracts from sermons; letters of congratulation, etc. ....... “The Rod of the Prophet,” a poem in commemoration of the Peace Jubilee by Arthur Matthison. Complimentary testimonial to the projector ...... Final Retort of the Executive Committee. Entire receipts and expenses of the Jubilee . . Letter from Mr. M. M. Ballou ....... Prospectus for another Festival upon a grander scale ; an In¬ ternational Peace Jubilee ; a World’s Musical Festival ; a UNION OF ALL NATIONS IN HARMONY. Names of the subscribers to the Jubilee. Names of representatives of the press present at the Jubilee Names of the artists, leading singers, and the “immortal ten thousand,” — the Grand Chorus of the Jubilee ....... Recapitulation of chorus, and total number of singers . . ... Names of members of the Jubilee orchestra ....... Names of artillerists, anvil-beaters, doorkeepers, and ushers engaged at the Jubilee. tGoD save our Union !. 417 418 421 425 432 442 444 446 446 456 471 525 526 558 573 574 575 593 598 600 601 603 606 608 610 611 612 631 642 652 653 655 656 664 668 675 747 749 755 756 V THE NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE, AND GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. T HE people of Boston and New England, and in¬ deed of the country in general, have reason to rejoice in the wonderful success of the grand Na¬ tional Peace Jubilee of June, 1869. It drew together an immense assemblage from all parts of the country to commemorate the joyous re¬ turn of Peace. From the South as from the North, from the West as from the East, the sons and daugh¬ ters of America thronged to the great musical festi¬ val to pour out in song and praise the fulness of their hearts. The Jubilee was also a crowning triumph of an experiment in art and acoustics, and in musical mag¬ nitude was far greater than had ever before been real¬ ized, or even attempted; and it fully and successfully demonstrated the feasibility of combining and con¬ trolling thousands, ay, tens of thousands of musicians, — vocal and instrumental, — in one harmonious body. Not only to those who were performers or partici¬ pants in this great festival, but to the general public, it may be of more than passing interest to know its true history, and the means whereby it grew from an 1 2 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. inspiring idea to a glorious reality. It is the object, therefore, of this volume to record all the facts relating to the undertaking, beginning with its inception, and tracing it through the various stages of its progress to the period of successful consummation. In June of 1867 Mr. P. S. Gilmore was passing a few days in the city of New York, and it was at this time that the first thought of a National Jubilee, to commemorate the restoration of Peace throughout the land, flashed upon his mind. The carrying out of the idea he well knew would afford an opportunity for the grandest Musical Festival the world had ever known. The scenes with which he was then surrounded immediately lost their interest, aijd he became ab¬ sorbed by the grandeur of his conception. The gen¬ eral plan of the scheme, as afterwards adopted, seemed at once to unfold itself. Indeed, had the scenes of Broadway been instantly changed by the wand of a magician, they could not have been transformed into a series of more enchanting dissolving views than were vividly portrayed to him like a panorama of the com¬ ing event. A vast structure rose up before him, filled with the loyal of the land, through whose lofty arches a chorus of ten thousand voices and the harmony of a thousand instruments rolled their sea of sound, accom¬ panied by the chiming of bells and the booming of cannon, — all pouring forth their praise and gratulation in loud hosannas with all the majesty and grandeur of which music seemed capable. As his imagination revelled in the scenes his thought pictured, every nerve quivered with the intensity of his delight, and he was impressed with all the fervor of religious be¬ lief that it was his especial mission to carry out the sublime conception. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIYAL. 3 With almost prophetic instinct he felt at the time that it would take two years to realize the full devel¬ opment of this inspiring vision; and in some degree the final success of the Jubilee may be attributed to the fact that he kept secret these first impressions of the project. From causes which will hereafter appear it was deemed wise to preserve silence on the subject, and except confiding the matter to a few friends, noth¬ ing was done about it for a year. One of the instances — the first, in fact — was im- * mediately upon his return to Boston, when he broke the seal to his nearest and dearest friend. As may be supposed, from the intimacy of the relation, he did not hesitate to give full vent to his feelings in the most enthusiastic manner. For the information of those who may be curious to know just what he said, and how it was received, it may be stated that he first excited to a high degree his companion’s curiosity by making mysterious allusions to a great and won¬ derful project which he had conceived, — a project that would astonish not only the nation, but the whole world. He spoke with the greatest anima¬ tion; for by this time his soul was on fire with the thought, and his every word glowed with the warmth of his feelings, and created a pressing desire on the part of his auditor for an explanation, which was in substance as follows: “ I am going to get up the great¬ est musical festival and the grandest celebration ever witnessed in the world. It is to be a National Jubilee to commemorate the restoration of Peace throughout the land : a great Coliseum will be erected, to hold fifty thousand people; the President of the United States, all the Members of Congress, Heads of Depart¬ ments, Foreign Ministers, Governors of States, and the leading men throughout the Union will be invited ; 4 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the chorus will number tens of thousands of singers from all parts of the country, also twenty thousand children from the public schools; the orchestra will contain one thousand musicians; batteries of artillery, regiments of infantry, bells, anvils, and other auxiliary accompaniments will be introduced ; and it will be the greatest national celebration and musical festival that has ever taken place on the face of the earth. The excitement throughout the country will be tremen¬ dous, and everybody will rejoice at the idea.” As this was the first opportunity he had had to make known the great thought that possessed him, his en¬ thusiasm was roused to the highest pitch, and he entered into the details with all the earnestness of his nature. He had longed for the moment to impart the great secret to the trusted one at home, whom he expected to astonish, — and he did astonish her! Her eyes were fixed upon him during the delivery of his speech with apprehensive solicitude, and at its close she exclaimed with amazement, “ Why, are you crazy? Have you lost your senses?” This sudden and unexpected reply, this unappreciative reception of the first announcement of his scheme, he accepted as a declaration of war; and then and there took place the first of the series of battles that had to be fought ere the Peace Jubilee became a triumphant success. The one from whom he had always received the great¬ est encouragement and sympathy in every enterprise, actually doubting his sanity, was a severe check at the very outset. When matters stood thus beneath his own roof, what was he to expect from the cold world abroad ? Never mind, thought he, this little domestic skirmish will do no harm. On the contrary, it led to a more care- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 5 ful review of the situation, and plainly betokened the necessity of making preparations for a long siege. Per¬ haps it ought here to be admitted that the recital of a programme of such unheard-of magnitude and apparent extravagance might well have caused even his best friends to question the soundness of his reason; how¬ ever, by satisfactorily answering all questions, and prov¬ ing by argument the feasibility of the plan, opposition from one very important quarter became somewhat subdued, and — probably for the sake of peace — the possibility of the undertaking being successful was even admitted. The watchwords now were, “ Silence ! ” “ Caution ! ” “ Move slowly! ” and they intermingled with every thought upon the subject. For more than a month Mr. Gilmore quietly brooded over the prospects of his scheme, endeavoring to contemplate it in all its bear¬ ings, until at length the one at his elbow began to fear that the intensity with which his mind dwelt upon the one absorbing theme might undermine his health, and seriously advised him to give up the project altogether. True it is that he was somewhat nervous and excited over the subject, and found himself continually revel¬ ling in visions of magnificent Jubilee scenes which charmed his inward eye and ear beyond description. So far, it was admitted, all was right, — his plan was based upon terra firma. Yet he was reminded of the possibility that he might be building air castles, and would have to reside in them alone; that subjects and enterprises of a comparatively worthless nature had often carried men’s minds beyond the bounds of rea¬ son. Here was an enterprise to think of, that should interest the whole nation, yes, the whole world, and one that had more music in it than had ever fallen upon human ear before. It was, to say the least, a 6 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. very dangerous fever to have upon the brain. This reasoning, if not conclusive, was felt to be just and forcible, and he determined to banish the thought for a time at least, if not forever. Failures in ordinary musical enterprises are of com¬ mon occurrence. Let who will try the experiment, the chances of success are against him. Many years’ experience as a manager had demonstrated to Mr. Gilmore that when even six or eight hundred dollars was the amount involved in an entertainment, it re¬ quired great exertion, good management, and the most favorable circumstances to succeed in the undertaking. If, then, the incurring an expense of only six or eight hundred dollars in a musical enterprise was attended with so much labor and uncertainty, how could he possibly think of undertaking a project that would cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, and would require thousands of co-operators to make it a success ? This was to him a stubborn fact. There it stood like an immovable mountain in the path, blocking his way. How should he overcome it? Was it possible to do so? He tried to look at the subject in its most dis¬ couraging aspects,- and to view the dark as well as the bright side, and came to the conclusion to treat the whole thing as a delusion That came to charm but for a day, And then forever pass away. A composer of music often finds himself haunted by original melodies that sing to him with great sweet¬ ness at first; but, like new acquaintances of winning manners, it takes time to find out if they will wear well. It is better, when you have written down your melodies, to lay them aside for future revision. If after weeks or months they sing as sweetly as wdien conceived, they may be adopted with the belief that GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 7 they will live and win their way to other hearts; but if, on the contrary, you find that a little time has robbed them of their charm, you have reason to con¬ gratulate yourself on not having given them publicity. As in music, so it is with all things. No matter in what attractive guise your thoughts at first array themselves, there is great danger that time may dim their lustre. With such thoughts uppermost in his mind, what said Mr. Gilmore ? What if this idea of a National Peace Jubilee, which filled his soul to overflowing, and seemed to lift him up to the very heavens, should after all turn out to be a mere chimera ? What if his confi¬ dence in its feasibility should begin to wane, and the present view of the undertaking undergo such a change that in a few months the impossibility of its accomplishment should appear sufficiently manifest to discourage him in the attempt to carry it out ? It was this view of the case that made him hesitate to make the project known and to enter at once upon its devel¬ opment. “Be sure you ’re right, then go ahead,” was his motto. He determined to let the matter rest for the present, with the reservation that if it should stand the test of time and continue its struggle in his mind for light and existence with the same fervor and spirit which then lent it strength and inspiration, then the carrying out of the National Peace Jubilee was simply a question of time. Numerous musical engagements were now pressing upon Mr. Gilmore. Concerts and entertainments, for which arrangements had been made months before, were progressing, and his time was fully occupied. Circumstances required that he should give close and earnest attention to the duties of the hour, — to mat¬ ters that were immediately practicable and sufficiently • 8 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. profitable to enable him to meet his present wants. For it may be stated here, that his income had never been so large as to present any difficulty or incon¬ venience in disposing of it as fast as received; and therefore duty and necessity compelled him to apply his time and devote his energies as usual to labors from which he should realize an immediate pecuniary return. But a change had come over all. Life’s scenes had been shifted; the ordinary routine of musical duties had lost its attractiveness, and the resolution to dispel the grcmcl idea from his mind was in no way success¬ ful. Days, weeks, and months moved slowly by; the “ irrepressible conflict ” still raged within him. He could not subdue it. He had given the delusion (if such it was) ample time to pass away; but depart it would not. Every hour of the day, and far into the weary night, it still continued to present itself as fresh and enchanting as Wlien first upon the charmed eye Its magic visions fell. He had already suffered enough — for suffering it was — in being continually haunted from morning till night and from night till morning with the one dis¬ tracting idea, and he had fully tested the force, the fire, and the spirit with which this living thought was imbued. The familiar saying, that “ coming events cast their shadows before,” was never more completely verified than in the never-fading visions which fore¬ shadowed the National Peace Jubilee. Mr. Gilmore now made up his mind to communicate the secret to others, and hear what they might have to say upon the subject. Friends and acquaintances seldom express a candid opinion when face to face, especially when one of their number steps aside from GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 9 the beaten path to pursue some 'original idea. Con¬ sult with them; show them your plans; tell them what you propose to do; no matter how visionary they may deem the project, they too often say, “Good!” “ A grand idea! ” “ Go ahead ! ” and so on; thus stim¬ ulating and encouraging a scheme that costs them noth¬ ing, until you may be overwhelmed with the mortifi¬ cation of failure. Every man is, or ought to be, the best judge of his own abilities. If he is so imprudent as to attempt impossibilities, he will suffer the consequences of his rashness; but if possessed of sound reason, if he has a clear perception of his plan, and firmness, patience, and perseverance in carrying it out, and is influenced by high and honorable motives, the accomplishment of the purpose is almost sure, no matter how great it may be or how formidable the obstacles that environ it. It may be policy, and sometimes a necessity, to consult friends before entering upon any new project; this cannot well be avoided when co-operation is a matter of importance. Yet how many have had their most cherished hopes blighted, their best-laid plans defeated, by. friends who, either from honest convic¬ tions of their impracticability, or, as is oftener the case, from a dread of being in some way made re¬ sponsible, refuse the little encouragement needed to insure success. During a residence of nearly twenty years in the city of Boston Mr. Gilmore had acted as performer, conductor, or manager in many musical entertain¬ ments, and had made the acquaintance of many in¬ fluential citizens, whose advice or assistance was never withheld when either or both were solicited. One of the earliest and most steadfast of these friends was the late Major Charles 0. Rogers, whose position as pro- 10 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. prietor of the Boston Journal made his friendship and co-operation in the furtherance of any important matter of great value. “What would Major Rogers say, — what would he think of the Peace Jubilee idea?” thought the pro¬ jector. Pie knew the Major well, — knew that he was not the man to encourage anything he did not believe in. In the expression of his opinions he was emphatic and decided, and when he had once settled a question in his own mind it was not easy to change it. Mr. Gilmore had often submitted his plans to the judg¬ ment of Major Rogers, who seldom, if ever, discour¬ aged or opposed them. What if in this, the greatest of all, the Major should condemn the scheme, and refuse to lend it his aid ? What could be done then ? Without his approval, and the support of the Jour¬ nal, he would feel greatly discouraged. He must se¬ cure his indorsement ere he sought the aid of others, as his adverse opinion might jeopardize the fate of the project. Idle writer felt within his own heart that the idea was worthy the support of the nation, and if carried out would receive the applause of the world. He might lie wrong; but the time had arrived when the subject must undergo a practical investigation, and the sooner the better. So on a beautiful September morn¬ ing he went forth to lay his plans before the Major. It was about eleven o’clock when he called at the Journal office; but finding him engaged, he arranged for an interview in the afternoon. At the appointed hour Major Rogers and Mr. Gil¬ more met, the latter feeling no little hesitation in opening a subject of such extraordinary extravagance; but without much ceremony or preamble he unfolded his plan. GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 11 / The Major listened with evident surprise, and as the recital progressed his impatience increased, till at length he burst out with a derisive laugh, exclaiming : “ Why, that is an idea for an Emperor; and it would take an Emperor to carry it out!” Scarcely know¬ ing whether to accept this remark as a compliment or otherwise, Mr. Gilmore pleasantly replied, “ Well, Major, I suppose I shall have to become an Emperor then.” “What do you imagine it would cost to carry out your plan?” asked the Major. “Well, it would take a few hundred thousand dollars at least,” was the reply. The mention of this enor¬ mous sum for a musical festival brought the Major to his feet with indignation. “ It is all nonsense,” said he. “ Take my advice, and don’t for a moment permit your mind to dwell upon any such visionary scheme; it could end only in dis¬ aster and ruin. Come, come; change the subject; don’t talk to me of impossibilities.” “ Major, it has taken me a long time to make up my mind to bring this matter to your notice, and I regret to hear such an opinion from you. I do not look upon the undertaking as an impossibility, having given it much serious thought; and as to its feasibility and possibility there is no doubt whatever in my mind. It only needs recognition and encouragement from such men as you to make it a success.” “ I would do anything in my power to serve you,” said the Major; “ but in this affair I have only to say, give it up, give it up! It is not worth a moment’s consideration. Say nothing more to me about it.” “ Do I understand, Major, that if I undertake to carry out this scheme you will not lend me your sup¬ port, as you have in past enterprises ? ” 12 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. “ I tell you frankly,” said he, “ that if you under¬ take to carry out any such ridiculous notion, you will have to find other friends to assist you. I cannot and will not encourage any such unreasonable proposition. Furthermore, I tell you that, in my opinion, you will not find a man in the city of Boston, of any substance, who will be willing to indorse your idea, or subscribe a dollar to aid you in carrying it out. Therefore take my advice, and drop it. Pursue your usual course ; give such concerts and entertainments as you have heretofore given with success; and you may rely upon my doing all I can to assist you.” It was evident that Major Rogers regretted having to speak so discouragingly ; yet his .words were ear¬ nest, kind, sincere, and came from a heart overflowing with sympathy and friendship. He saw that the idea had taken deep root in the projector’s mind, and that he was depressed by this unexpected rebuff. Not quite satisfied with his reception, and unwilling to lose so powerful an advocate, Mr. Gilmore upon ris¬ ing to depart asked, “ Major, will you give me your support should the subject be presented in a more favorable light?” With an evident disposition to afford a word of com¬ fort, the Major replied : “ I have expressed myself can- didlj 7 , looking from the present stand-point. I cannot say what changes time may bring about. You have asked my opinion, and I have given it. That is all I can say now.” The interview was ended; and Mr. Gilmore left that office a sadder if not a wiser man. He had obtained the judgment of one whose influence he had counted on for success, and without whose aid he was then unwilling to proceed. Events showed that Major Rogers was right in the GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 13 opinion that not one man could be found in Bos¬ ton, at that time , who would give substantial aid or encouragement to the enterprise; and of this the writer became fully satisfied, after approaching sev¬ eral friends with the matter and hearing their vari¬ ous opinions, which coincided with those expressed by Major Rogers. Any reasonable man ought to have been convinced that it was now time to abandon the whole scheme. Its realization was looked upon as an utter impossi¬ bility by practical and far-seeing men. To cling to it longer, — at least to persist in the effort just then, — would be. likely to bring personal ridicule upon him¬ self and endanger the success of the undertaking. The only course to pursue, therefore, was to seal up the matter once more, and wait patiently for what time might do for its development. Mr. Gilmore now began to think he should have the Jubilee all to himself. There seemed to be no desire on the part of others to hear of it, or to have anything whatever to do with it; but to him it was as an accomplished fact: he heard it, he saw it, he rev¬ elled in it. Never before had he felt its fascination with such force and delight; he was uplifted and borne away as by a great tidal wave on the flood of delicious music. Go where he would, that great chorus, with its thousands of voices, kept roaring in his ears, and the crash of a thousand instruments filled the world around him with enchanting harmony. Look where he might, the vision of a magnificent structure, filled with a vast multitude gathered from all parts of the nation, met his gaze. 0, how he longed for others to see the grand spectacle as he saw it, to hear the ravishing music as he heard it! Then they would not, they could not, refuse assistance to bring about its 14 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. realization. Why clid it have no charm for others? There must be some reason for the lack of interest. Already it had aroused the enthusiasm of a few friendly musicians, and its magnitude, if once made known, would strike the musical world with wonder and admi¬ ration. Why was it, then, that those who were not professionally musical, but whose co-operation was in¬ dispensably necessary, could not feel its magnetism, and be influenced to encourage it ? Could there be such a difference of opinion upon the same subject between musical and non-musical people without some very grave reason ? What could be the cause ? Such were the questions which continually presented themselves for solution. There were, indeed, grave reasons for the diversity of opinion. The primary object of the undertaking was to cele¬ brate the restoration of peace throughout the land. But the questions which now arose were: Is there peace throughout the land ? What is the condition of the country ? How do matters stand in the Southern States, — in the national capital ? How look the clouds that hang over the political horizon? Not being much of a politician, Mr. Gilmore had not, up to this time, taken these things into serious consid¬ eration. He now discovered that the public mind was much disturbed by the unsettled condition of affairs in many of the Southern States, and that serious diffi¬ culty existed between President Johnson and Congress, which resulted in his being brought before the tribunal of the Senate to answer the' charge of malfeasance in office. It would be trespassing upon the patience of the reader to enter upon a minutely detailed account of the constant and anxious thoughts for the advancement of his project which filled the mind of Mr. Gilmore for GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 15 many months previous to the‘arraignment of the Presi¬ dent and his subsequent acquittal. It is sufficient to state, that, in the early days of the excitement attend¬ ing the impeachment trial, he .was reluctantly forced to the conclusion that under the then existing circum¬ stances any movement to celebrate “ the restoration of peace throughout the land” would be looked upon as ill-judged and out of time, and should not be at¬ tempted until the political aspects were more favorable. During this period Mr. Gilmore devoted much time and thought to a careful analysis of the whole subject, taking it apart as it were, and viewing it in all its complex details. In its first aspect—that of a national jubilee com¬ memorative of the restoration of peace — it promised to strike a chord whose vibrations would reach from Maine to California. As yet no demonstration of a national character had taken place, no general rejoicing that the war was over and the Union restored', after the terrible four-years’ struggle. The public mind was still disquieted by reports of lawless outbreaks in some of the States lately in rebellion. It could not be ex¬ pected that after such a fearful contest immediate quiet would ensue. But the day of permanent peace was coming, when the loyal citizens of Boston would unite in inviting the representatives of the nation and the people at large, from every State and city in the Union, to partake of Massachusetts’ hospitality; to join with her in a national reunion that would mark the beginning of a new era of good feeling. What more fitting opportunity was ever offered a member of the sisterhood of States to extend the hand of welcome to her brethren throughout the Union? Would not the citizens of Boston and Massachusetts improve it? The invitation, thought Mr. Gilmore, will assuredly be ac- 16 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. cepted if proffered with kindness; and it will be a glo¬ rious day for the old Bay State when her proclamation shall go forth for this great national assembling. He had persuaded himself that not only would the citizens and city government of Boston join hands in carrying out the great festival, but that the Governor and Legislature of the State could be induced to co¬ operate in making it an affair worthy the old Common¬ wealth. In fact, that it would be, as it should be, the greeting of Massachusetts to all throughout the land who now heartily rejoiced at the return of peace. For upwards of a year Mr. Gilmore dwelt upon this picture, viewing it in every possible light, and becom¬ ing more and more enamoured of its beauty. It would be the grandest scene the world ever saw, — the gath¬ ering of the musical hosts from all parts of the nation, roused as by a trumpet-call to join in songs of praise to Almighty God for the blessings of a restored and reunited country. O music, what a power thou art! On earth there’s naught that can impart A purer joy to human heart, Nor nobler thoughts inspire! The projector knew full well that, considering the undertaking wholly in the light of a great musical fes¬ tival, aside from the important event it was to com¬ memorate, its announcement would awaken not only the enthusiasm of musicians, but create general inter¬ est among all classes. He anticipated that such questions as these would be raised, — “ How could he possibly expect to organize a chorus of ten thousand voices ? ” “ Where were the singers to be found ? ” “ The largest musical organiza¬ tions in the land had never numbered a thousand mem¬ bers in their grandest festivals.” I GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 17 But he knew that chorus-singing was extensively practised among the people, particularly in New Eng¬ land, and that he would be able to convince any one of ordinary intelligence that a chorus of ten thousand voices could be procured. Massachusetts alone could fur¬ nish the entire number! Admitting that the voices might be obtained, the questions then arose, — “ Could they be made to sing together?” “Would the laws of sound admit of such a vast body being so united and controlled as to produce clear and pure harmony ? ” No entirely satisfactory reply could be made to these questions, as the employment of such great numbers in chorus had never been attempted, and the effect could only be proved to the satisfaction of doubters and croakers by actual experiment. But Mr. Gilmore had no doubt of the effect himself. He imagined, in the rendering of such choruses as “ The Heavens are telling,” from Haydn’s “ Creation ” ; the “ Hallelujah Chorus,” from Handel’s “ Messiah ”; “ Thanks be to God,” from Mendelssohn’s “ Elijah ” ; and compositions of a similar character, he could hear the mighty waves of sound rushing and rolling down, now from the sopranos , then from the altos, here from the tenors , there from the basses, — all coming together occasionally, meeting and mingling, not in confusion, but in stately and majestic grandeur, lifting and carrying the spul and senses into the most exalted realms of harmony and musical bliss. All this he could imagine ; but the actual perform¬ ance of such music, rendered in the form he had in view, he felt would produce results of the greatest benefit to art in America, and he believed that his energies could not be devoted to the accomplishment of a higher or nobler purpose. It was to him the mission of his life, and it must be fulfilled. 2 18 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. The American public were already familiar with the fact that the grandest works of the great masters had been produced with sublime effects at the great Handel festivals in England; at the last of which, held at the Crystal Palace in 1868, about four thou¬ sand voices and four hundred instruments were united under the direction of Sir Michael Costa, the composer of the well-known oratorios of “Eli” and “Naaman,” to whose zeal, ability, and example, it may here be stated, America as well as England is greatly indebted for the progress and development of the higher and purer forms of the divine art. If England had done so much toward demonstrating to what extent numbers and space could with safety be made use of in the production of legitimate har¬ mony, if her chorus of four thousand voices and or¬ chestra of four hundred instruments had produced the greatest effects ever listened to up to that time, was there any reason why we in this great country might not go a little further, — nay, why we should not now Make one bold step for art; Unfold its bidden mysteries, till Nature cries, Beware ! Who goeth further leaves success behind! To whatever extent the physical laws might permit the laws of harmony to be successfully carried, reason and judgment would not admit of any enlargement, in point of numbers, of the plan already decided upon for the great national festival, — namely, a chorus of ten thousand mixed voices in oratorio, twenty thousand children in national songs and hymns of peace, and an orchestra of one thousand instruments. Other nations were slowly, but surely, increasing from year to year in the magnitude of their musical festivals, and America had been left far behind; or, more properly speaking, she had not advanced sufficiently in matters GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 19 of art to take rank with older nations. But now an event in her history worthy of co m m em oration would give an opportunity of exhibiting her resources in this respect, and enable her to take the lead in the race for musical pre-eminence. She had already proved herself more than the equal of other nations in the development of agriculture, and had made important discoveries in science and art that were working a silent revolution in the organization of society. The terrible war from which she had just emerged, purged and purified, had, from its magnitude, the Christian temper with which it had been conducted, and the great principles involved, excited the astonish¬ ment, and won for her the respect and admiration of the civilized world. Now that she had done so much for her own honor and glory, so much for human progress and the future happiness of mankind, she might well lift up her voice in power and majesty, and sing her song of triumph, nay, of peace, swelling the breeze With hallelujahs loud and high, Until their volume pierced the sky; That angels round God’s holy throne Might join their voices with her own, And heaven and earth united sing All praise to the Almighty King, — That all above, below, might then Sing “ Peace on earth, good-wiil toward men ”: And this exultant theme should be The spirit of her jubilee. Mr. Gilmore’s connection for twenty years with mu¬ sical matters had given him no little fame. In the position of band-master he had been successful • and the organization which bears his name everywhere received the plaudits of the people. This point in public favor had not been reached without contesting every step of his progress with able contemporaries; 20 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. but tlie popular verdict at length placed Gilmore’s Band in the front rank of similar organizations in the country. From this summit of local fame Mr. Gilmore sur¬ veyed the field for new conquests, and as manager and director of popular concerts and musical entertainments was no less successful. His experience in this direc¬ tion, as is well known to the citizens of Boston, had been from year to year a series of triumphs; and as success wins friends, and artists become attached to a manager who introduces them to full houses, Mr. Gil¬ more was in high favor with all who, from time to time, had appeared under his management. For some time previous to the now all-absorbing national-jubilee idea he had been considering the pro¬ ject of organizing a first-class opera company. For some cause, representations of opera by Italian, Ger¬ man, French, and English troupes had fallen to a low ebb; to place it upon the stage in a more attractive form than it had hitherto been presented to the Amer¬ ican public had long been his secret ambition, and he was only awaiting a favorable opportunity to embark in the enterprise. At length, through the failure and disorganization of various opera troupes, several of the best artists pro¬ posed to unite under the direction of Mr. Gilmore in carrying out his plan. Here at last was the opening for which he had so long waited, — an opening more attractive than had ever presented itself to him be¬ fore, and it might never occur again. Now seemed the opportune moment for him to make a forward step towards fame and fortune. The encouragement of warm friends who had the fullest confidence in its complete success under his management was not wanting; but the one great ab- c GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 21 sorbing idea that now filled his mind overshadowed all others, and he resolved, after the most serious con¬ sideration, to decline any and all offers, no matter how promising or attractive, and to link his fate with the one project whose spirit permeated every part of his being. To its entire fulfilment he would devote all his thoughts, hopes, and energies. He had surveyed the field; knew what obstacles were before him; was fully equipped for the fight, and was patiently awaiting the proper moment to advance. He would make the attempt, whatever the hazard. Stimulated by these feelings, he never experienced a doubt as to the result. Mr. Gilmore having been for many years very ac¬ tive, and somewhat noisy, in announcing through the press his musical enterprises his friends and patrons began to inquire the cause of his silence, and why he was not in the field as usual. They little knew the great surprise he was prepar¬ ing for them, and for the country. Instead of their usual entertainment, — an orchestra of forty or fifty performers and a chorus of a few hundred voices,— they were to listen to the harmonies of one thousand instruments and ten thousand singers! They knew not that they were upon the eve of a musical festival such as had never before taken place, — that a “hal¬ lelujah ” was preparing which would attract the ear of all Christendom. The hard facts of this enterprise must no longer be withheld. Let the reader go with the writer step by step over the whole ground. Let him see what diffi¬ culties were encountered and what overcome, and he will be the better able to appreciate the magnitude of the undertaking and the importance of the result,— what was attempted and what was done, what heights 22 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. were climbed and depths explored to make sure the foundation ere the great arches of the Peace Jubilee sprang aloft to gather in the vast concourse of the world. Most that has already been stated must be accepted as the musings, arguments, and conclusions of Mr. Gilmore with himself. The continuance of cir¬ cumstances unfavorable to a development of the scheme had given him ample time to think, and think deeply; and his constant reflection upon it, in all its bearings, had suggested ways and means to carry cer¬ tain important points that at first presented insuper¬ able difficulties. The excitement created by the impeachment trial of President Johnson had scarcely died away when the Presidential campaign of 1868 began. From the moment of his nomination it was evident that General Grant would be called to the high office so sadly made vacant by the tragic death of Lincoln; but his popu¬ larity only made the contest the more exciting, the enthusiasm of the contestants increasing up to the last moment of the canvass. To this point the projector had been looking as through a lengthened vista for weary, weary days, gathering all his strength for the contest upon which he was to enter when the political actors had with¬ drawn from the arena. He had fully considered what he would have to contend with in the coming struggle. The most formidable obstacle was the expense, which once overcome, all would be easy. Determining to come to the work well prepared with information upon this important point, he immediately set about obtaining facts and figures. As the erection of a building of sufficient capacity to seat fifty thousand people was an essential part of the programme, that was the first GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 23 thing to be attended to. He must have plans prepared and ready for exhibition as soon as the particulars of the enterprise were given to the public, and the whole thing put in train for final completion. Nine months only intervened before the time fixed upon in his mind for the inauguration of the grand festival, and he must be active and earnest, and let no grass grow under his feet. As it had seemed to him from the beginning desir¬ able that secrecy should be maintained until the neces¬ sary preparations were sufficiently advanced to bring the matter into notice with the best possible effect, it was all-important now that the drawing of the plans should be intrusted to some one whose office would not be likely to be invaded by the curious public. Who was the man and where was such an office ? Upon this point he consulted confidentially his friend Mr. Daniel Briscoe, of South Boston, — a gentleman who, from his wide acquaintance with men and things, he felt would be able to direct him to a competent architect. He knew just the man, — one he considered fully qualified for such a work. He would see him imme¬ diately. Twenty-four hours after this interview Mr. Briscoe called upon Mr. Gilmore and introduced Major Francis Allen. After some preliminary conversation Mr. Gil¬ more produced a rough sketch of such a building as he had in contemplation. The first and indispensable requisite was strength , — that must be secured beyond the shadow of a doubt, — upon that basis only could the “ Temple of Peace ” be reared. Security to life and limb must precede all and every other consideration. After discussing the length, width, height, and gen¬ eral proportions, the little party of three adjourned to meet at Mr. Allen’s office next day. 24 NATIONAL PExYCE JUBILEE. Calling in the morning Mr. Gilmore found the pri¬ vacy of Mr. Allen’s rooms all that could be desired, and that he was already earnestly engaged upon the work. He had slept but little during the night, so en¬ grossed had he been with the subject. The magnitude and character of the enterprise had filled hi m with wonder; and the development of the part assigned him was quite enough to occupy his m i n d to the exclu¬ sion of every other thought. Day after day Mr. Gilmore visited the architect to watch the progress, on paper, of the great building. The excitement attending the coming election was then at its height. The day to decide who should be our next President was at hand. To be ready with his programme of the great festival when the election was over he must immediately prepare an outline of it. No sane man would for a moment think of entering upon an undertaking of this character as a private enterprise. It was an idea which, to be successfully carried out, should seem to spring spontaneously from the national heart, to follow in the wake of the Presi¬ dential canvass as a thought eliminated from the great contest. The originator entertained the hope at one time that, if the magnificent manner in which it was proposed to celebrate the restoration of peace were brought before Congress in the proper light, an appropriation might be made for the purpose. Further reflection upon this point, however, and consultation with a prominent member of Congress, convinced him that it would be impossible to obtain pecuniary assistance from that quarter. Could it be arranged to have the festival take place in the city of Washington upon the coming 4th of March, to add eclat to the inaugural ceremonies, perhaps the government might be induced to defray GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 25 the expense; but national funds for such a purpose could not otherwise be obtained. The friends of General Grant were now flinging their banners to the breeze in every direction; the signs of the times were encouraging. “ Let us have Peace ” had become the slogan of the dominant party. First uttered by their chief, it had struck a sympa¬ thetic chord in the hearts of the people, which showed what they wanted, and would not be content with¬ out. No one took a deeper interest in the brightening prospect than Major Charles 0. Rogers; and his name is again introduced for the purpose of stating, that, after the lapse of many months since the interview mentioned in the preceding pages, Mr. Gilmore again appealed to the Major with greater confidence of suc¬ cess. The idea of such a festival now struck him more favorably, and he suggested the 4th of March and the city of Washington as the most appropriate time and place for the demonstration. This was the last opportunity that Mr. Gilmore had of conversing with Major Rogers upon the subject. He died two months prior to the opening of the Jubi¬ lee, and it is among the saddest thoughts of the writer that he did not live to witness its grand consum¬ mation. The suggestion to have the festival take place in Washington on the 4th of March was duly considered; and although recognizing the fitness of the place and time for such a gathering, yet it would have been an utter impossibility to carry out the musical part of the programme in that city upon the immense scale con¬ templated. In that respect it would have to be very much reduced, and consequently lose its chief attrac¬ tiveness to the originator. No reduction of its musical 26 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. magnitude could for a moment be entertained: it must be carried out where it could be carried out the most effectively. A careful and well-considered prospectus, giving an outline of the whole idea, was now prepared. The prominent features were written quite large, and all the lines to be displayed in print were underscored with red ink. Covering four pages of foolscap, the manuscript was quite imposing. It was the first firm step taken towards proclaiming the Peace Festival to the world. It may appear trivial, if not ridiculous, to say so much about a simple manuscript; but at this time it was deemed important that every word written or spoken upon the subject should be carefully considered. Where so much depended, perhaps, upon a word fitly spoken, it was not a small affair. The eye or the ear might be taken or turned by the most insignificant monosyllable. As the sailor spreads his canvas in a light wind so every inch will draw, so Mr. Gilmore felt that every stitch of sail should be set the ship would bear, that not a breath of popular favor should be lost, — that as many features should be intro¬ duced as it would be possible to carry out, that in its many-sided character all should find in the pro¬ gramme something of interest to awaken attention and insure their hearty co-operation. Every step, therefore, to bring the Jubilee into notice must be taken thoughtfully, and as many as possible prevailed upon to give it their support. Numbers were wanted as well as greenbacks, men as well as means. So the prospectus was prepared. Many who up to this time had had but little faith in the success of so vast an undertaking became converted after perusing the manuscript, and admitted that, to say the least, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 27 the great festival made a splendid appearance upon paper . The most absorbing subject of the past six months had now ceased to engross the minds of the American people. Election was over, and General Grant had been declared their choice. A fair field and a clear political sky at last! Now for the Peace Jubilee ! Many friends to whom the projector had made known his plans advised him to start the enterprise in New York. Besides being the commercial metropolis of the nation, they argued, its greater wealth and pop¬ ulation, as well as other advantages, made New York more desirable for such a costly demonstration than any other city in the Union. True, New York did have many advantages over Boston; and a proper regard for the opinion of his friends induced Mr. Gil¬ more to visit that city, to see what encouragement could be obtained. Accordingly, on the 5th day of November he left for New York, and remained there several days endeavoring to enlist the co-operation of its influential citizens. Having broached his plan to General Charles A. Stetson, proprietor of the Astor House, he was advised by him to lay his scheme before Colonel Frank E. Howe, whose personal energy and activity, with large business acquaintance, might be of great advantage. Mr. Gilmore knew Colonel Howe intimately, and from the fact that the latter had witnessed a very successful national musical demonstration in the city of New Or¬ leans some years before, which originated with and was carried out under his management and direction, he felt sure that Colonel Howe would use his best en¬ deavors to bring about in New York the festival now proposed. The Colonel listened to the proposition with cordial 28 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. pleasure. He saw no reason why it should not be successful, and promised to make every effort in his power to interest influential parties. Mr. Gilmore in the mean time visited Central Park and looked at various unoccupied enclosures up town, searching for a proper site on which the contemplated Coliseum might be erected. There was plenty of ground; could the means and influence to secure it be found ? But means and influence to secure the ground and erect the building were not all that was wanted. There must be music, great music, — the most powerful orchestra and chorus ever brought together. One of the features of the festival, too, was to be a chorus of twenty thousand children from the public schools. New York could supply this number without requiring a child under twelve years of age to take part; and the effect of such a chorus of fresh young voices, with the accompaniment of a thousand musicians, even in plain and simple music, would be grand and inspiring beyond description. But though all the money to carry out the enterprise should be subscribed in New York, it would be a failure, in the estimation of the originator, and fall short of its purpose, if the great choral features could not be introduced. Therefore, before making serious attempts to secure the pecuni¬ ary means, he deemed it advisable to make inquiry re¬ garding some of the musical features. To this end the projector was advised to call upon Mr. Thomas Boese, of the Board of Education, who, he was in¬ formed, could give all the information relating to the chorus of children. At the moment of entering that gentleman’s office he was entertaining some visitors with information upon the school system, and looked askance at the new arrival; but upon hearing the announcement, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVA L . 29 “from Boston,” he came forward with great politeness, and asked “Boston” to be seated. The word “Bos¬ ton ” seemed to fall upon the cultured ear of Mr. Boese with an effect which at once commanded his attention and respect. It was a slight but positive in¬ dication that wherever education is the most interest¬ ing subject, there Boston is sure to find a welcome and command a hearing. But did the gentleman, who was still occupied with his visitors, and trying to hurry them off in order to attend to “Boston,” — did he sup¬ pose that Mr. Gilmore had come there to talk books, or to give him information upon the latest school im¬ provements adopted at the “Hub”?. What would he say when he heard that it was a little matter of music, — simply to borrow twenty thousand of his boys and girls for a musical festival ? Was he a musical man ? These and similar inquiries presented themselves to the mind of the jubileeist while he was awaiting an opportunity to explain the object of his visit. Ah! they are going ! He will soon be at leisure. “ Good by; call again.” The visitors haye departed. After apologizing for being unable to attend to “Boston” immediately, Mr. Boese drew his chair quite close to that occupied by his caller, and appeared to anticipate a very interesting interview. “Well, sir, what is the good news from Boston? When did you leave there ? Are you connected with the public schools?” and a few kindred ques¬ tions, soon brought the musical missionary to the point. “I have called upon you,” said the latter, “to ask a few questions relating to music in the public schools; to learn to what extent it is taught in New York, and if children receive sufficient instruction in that branch to enable them to sing well together in large numbers.” 30 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. “ Well,” replied Mr. Boese, “ we employ many of the very best music-teachers, and our children are supposed to be as far advanced and as proficient in music as those of any other city.” “ Quite enough,” said Mr. Gilmore. “ My reason for seeking the information is this : Here is the prospectus of a musical festival. If you will he kind enough to read it, you will see that one of the features which it embraces is a chorus of twenty thousand children , about which I wish to speak with you.” Upon hearing the announcement, “ Twenty thou¬ sand children,” Mr. Boese pushed his chair back some distance, and, gazing at the speaker with a look of utter astonishment, commenced unfolding the large sheet handed him. As each conspicuous head-line met his eye he looked from the paper to his visitor with a puzzled, doubtful expression as if he took him for a lunatic. Mr. Boese did not take the trouble to read the details; he simply glanced hastily at the prominent lines: “ One thousand musicians.” “Ten thousand mixed voices in oratorio chorus.” “ Twenty thou¬ sand children in national airs.” “ Building to hold fifty thousand people.” “ Expense about two hun¬ dred THOUSAND DOLLARS.” “A MILLION STRANGERS will visit New York,” &c., &c. He had seen all this, or all he wanted to see of it, had folded the paper, and was on his feet in far less time than one of these lines could be written. “ Beau-ti-ful ! ” said he, handing back the manu¬ script, in a voice which fell upon his visitor’s ear with an effect decidedly otherwise than beautiful. “Well,” said the latter, completely nonplussed at the state of things, and making the best effort to re¬ cover from the embarrassment which the reception of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 31 his “great idea” occasioned, — "well, what do you think of it?” “ Won-der-ful ! ” exclaimed the man of learning, opening the door for Mr. Gilmore to depart; at the same time adding, “As important business requires my immediate attention, I must bid you good morning.” “Well,” communed the departing visitor with him¬ self as he left the office, “ this don’t look much like having a Peace Jubilee in New York! Probably the astonished Mr. Boese is now telling his dozen friends ” (who were in sight in adjoining apartments during the interview) “ all about 4 a very narrow escape, gentle¬ men,— a very narrow escape!’” And what if — the thought was startling! — what if he should give word to the papers, and to-morrow morning a paragraph should appear to the effect that “ an individual from Boston, evidently insane, called at the rooms of the Board of Education yesterday, to ask for tiventy thousand children to sing in a concert! While in the office the crazy fellow presented to the Super¬ intendent a large sheet of fool's-cap, — a very proper paper for such a preposterous proposition, — contain¬ ing what he called an ‘ outline ’ of his idea. In hastily glancing at the contents, he saw that the entertainment proposed would introduce features in which all the way from one thousand to one million human beings would take part. If this was but an outline of his plan, what in the name of Beethoven would its develop¬ ment be ? ” As the possibility of such a piece of news appearing in the papers flashed upon the mind of Mr. Gilmore, his first impulse was to return to Mr. Boese’s office and request that gentleman to give no information to any person on the subject which had just been brought to his notice ; but, upon fur¬ ther reflection, he concluded that such a step might 32 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. make matters worse. He would, therefore, let it take its chance. Mr. Gilmore entertained no doubt whatever that his plan and prospectus had sufficient merit to call forth the expressions “Beautiful!” and “Wonderful!” but when he recalled the tone in which they were uttered, the superficial glance given his manuscript, the suspi¬ cious look cast at himself, and the genteel hustling of him out of the office, he felt that he could in no way whatever torture the words into an indorsement of his scheme. In fact, he was very much dejected during the remainder of the day, and passed an uneasy and restless night. His fears, however, as to what might possibly appear in the morning papers were not real¬ ized ; and with fresh zeal and courage on the following morning he again entered upon the war-path. As he reflected upon the incidents of the previous day, he concluded that there were more ways than one to reach the same end; that if the other necessary ele¬ ments could be secured in New York, the co-operation of the school-children would not be refused, when applied for at the proper time. It was enough for him to know that they were capable of singing well together; and, as he looked forward to the realization of his cherished hope and aim,* there was nothing that filled his mind with greater ecstasy than the anticipa¬ tion of hearing that heavenly chorus of twenty thou¬ sand children’s voices soaring above the harmony of a thousand instruments ; for if aught upon earth could give to man a pure foretaste of the music of the an¬ gelic choir, it would be this. Colonel Howe was making vigorous efforts to inter¬ est some of the most influential citizens of New York in the cause, while Mr. Gilmore was gaining strength from his discouraging experiences. The more oppo- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 33 sition he encountered the more determined he was to persevere, satisfied he should succeed at last, and si¬ lence all cavillers. During his perambulations through the great city in search of a suitable site for the building he often thought of that beautiful and famous spot, “ Boston Common ”; and he felt that, of all places in the land, this historic ground would be his own choice for the great musical gathering. It was here that the muster- roll of the tens of thousands of the brave sons of New England had been called during the years of the Re¬ bellion ; here that, amid weeping and cheering, they had bid adieu to home and friends, and all their hearts held dear, and went forth to do and die if need be for their country. Here, too, the shattered fragments of returning regiments had assembled to hear the final order, “ Break ranks! ” — the bright banners pre¬ sented to them upon their departure for the field of strife, torn with shot and blackened with battle-smoke, telling more eloquently than words through what peril they had been borne. Hallowed by these and other sacred memories, no spot upon earth could be more appropriate whereon to offer up in a vast assem¬ blage the outpourings of the national heart, “ in prayer, and speech, and song,” for the blessings show¬ ered upon us by the Almighty hand. If New York were willing to let slip the opportu¬ nity of having the great festival there, Mr. Gilmore would return to Boston, report his want of success in New York, and then plunge heart and soul into the great undertaking at home. He still felt that, had he as large a circle of ac¬ quaintances in New York as he had in Boston, he could overcome the apathetic indifference he there encountered; for he believed that, if once aroused, and 3 34 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. brought into sympathy with the spirit of such an undertaking, there was no city in the world pos¬ sessing to such an extent the necessary concomi¬ tants of a great musical festival. Had its patronage been bestowed upon this half as lavishly as upon many other enterprises of no greater public impor¬ tance and far less personal interest, the peace festi¬ val would have eclipsed in grandeur and magnifi¬ cence anything the great metropolis had hitherto attempted. It had the means, it had the men, but it lacked the confidence which commands success. Look at its population, and that of Brooklyn, and other surrounding towns and cities! It is safe to assert that there are over ten thousand adult singers of sufficient musical education within an hour’s ride of the City Hall, who, with three months’ choral prac¬ tice, could astonish the world by their united perform¬ ance ; and as for instrumentalists, they may almost be reckoned by the thousand. This latent talent needed only to be quickened to make its power felt; and the question of the hour seemed to be : “ Can it be done now ? Will New York arise in her majesty, and give an impetus to art that will establish her fame as a musical centre, and cause a harmony of feeling more than musical to thrill through the American nation, or will patriotic Boston accept the leadership and bear off the glory of putting into execution the greatest musical festival of any age or country?” These questions would soon be solved. A few gen¬ tlemen, and only a few, had been found in New York who were willing to put their shoulders to the wheel; but the majority who were appealed to offered no encouragement whatever to such an undertaking, — some, evidently from a feeling of disappointment at GREAT MUSICAL FESTIYAL. 35 the result of the late election, even scouted the idea of a “ Jubilee ” to commemorate the restoration of “ Peace.” There was no peace and there would be no peace in the present disorganized state of society, and it would be a farce to proclaim it. They had no faith in anything of the kind. It would be a waste of money, and a worse waste of time. If peace ever came, it would come without coaxing, — come when the country was ripe for it. It could n’t be fiddle-de- deed into it! Yet the experience of his several days’ canvass gave Mr. Gilmore some faint hope that New York would give aid and countenance to the movement; and he returned to Boston, leaving the matter in the hands of Colonel Howe, who had been very active in bring¬ ing it to the notice of some of the leading citizens. Before leaving the city, however, Mr. Gilmore im¬ pressed upon Colonel Howe the necessity of keeping the project from the press, until something substantial towards its accomplishment had been reached. Home again, worn and weary, with very little good news for anybody; and, worst of all, near and dear friends seriously advised giving up the further pros¬ ecution of a project which no one seemed disposed to encourage. The chief actor in the drama up to this period had, indeed, sufficient reason to let the curtain fall forever; but obstructions, disappointments, impediments did not dishearten him. “Onward!” was his motto. His mental and physical machinery was never in better condition, and he felt that he could sustain the very highest pressure of circum¬ stances. News from Colonel Howe was anxiously looked for; what it was, and how comforting, may be gleaned from the following extracts from his letters. 36 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. New York, November 12, 1868. P. S. Gilmore, Esq., Boston. Dear Sir, — .... Have met with a great many elements of non-success ; but will be better able to judge of the prospects of your scheme by to-morrow night.In the mean time, I would not advise you to incur any expense in getting up books, plans, &c. such as you proposed; for, if certain parties refuse to aid the movement in New York, its success would be very doubtful. Yours truly, FRANK E. HOWE. New York, November 13, 1868. P. S. Gilmore, Esq., Boston. Dear Sir, — Have seen many parties whose opinions are of great value, and without whose co-operation I would not advise you to proceed; they utterly refuse to join in the de¬ velopment of your scheme, at least until after General Grant’s inauguration.Have asked several gentlemen to meet me to-night, before whom I will place the matter in the strongest possible light. Will report the result to-morrow. Yours truly, FRANK E. HOWE. New York, November 14, 1868. P. S. Gilmore, Esq., Boston. .... Made the most earnest attempt last evening to in¬ duce strong parties to recognize and aid your enterprise. Could barely get a few out of very many who were at all will¬ ing to lend it any encouragement or support just now. The principal objection seems to be, that any announce¬ ment of a national peace jubilee would be ill-timed until after General Grant’s inauguration. Am satisfied that nothing can be done here for the present. Yours truly, FRANK E. HOWE. It was now quite evident that the Jubilee could not be inaugurated in New York. Although the idea was conceived there, and its magnitude simply in keeping with the great city that inspired the thought, yet it GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 37 was destined that Boston should have the honor of carrying it out; and nobly did she bend to the work, nobly did she perform her part when the great duty was thrust upon her! Having satisfied his friends of the folly of further dallying with New York, Mr. Gilmore decided at once to commence active “ prospecting ” in Boston. As it was intended to devote the surplus funds, if any, to the relief of the widows and orphans of those who fell during the late Rebellion, Mr. Gilmore thought the Grand Army of the Republic should be the first organization invited to participate in the movement. With this object in view, and to ascertain what sup¬ port could be relied upon from this quarter, he called upon General F. A. Osborne, Grand Commander of the Department of Massachusetts, who was also, at this time, naval officer for the port of Boston. If the Grand Army of the Republic could be enlisted in the enterprise at all, General Osborne occupied the posi¬ tion to bring it about; and as Mr. Gilmore had the honor during the war of serving for a year under his command, he hoped that through his personal friend¬ ship, as well as his interest in the Grand Army of the Republic, he would be induced to give his influence in favor of the proposed festival. With these views the projector called upon General Osborne at his office in the Custom House, and laid his plan before him. It was an undertaking of such magnitude and apparent extravagance that his past commander, after reading the prospectus, scarcely knew what to say. It was, in military parlance, a surprise! Though he could manoeuvre a brigade in face of the enemy or wheel a division into line of bat¬ tle, he hesitated to order an advance when asked to lead off in a movement the tactics of which he had not studied. 38 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. His friendship and good-will, however, were mani¬ fested by his efforts to enlist the interest of “ friendly powers ” in behalf of the undertaking; but he met with little or no encouragement. When called upon, as he frequently was, by Mr. Gilmore, to learn what were the prospects, he felt reluctant to acknowledge that the signs were not propitious. He would do all in his power individually to aid the matter, but could not, from the nature and duties of his office, commit the Grand Army to the enterprise or become pub¬ licly identified with it, in face of the discouragement of friends with whom he had consulted. When the Grand Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic in Massachusetts was forced to this de¬ cision, it did seem as if the widows and orphans, and everybody else, would have to wait a long time for any benefit that might accrue to them from a Peace Jubilee in Boston. Other prominent officers coincided with the views of General Osborne, and did not believe that such an extravagant enterprise could succeed. To place it under the auspices of some influential organization that would give it a national character was the object of the originator. As a private speculation it could only prove a disastrous failure. Knowing this full well, Mr. Gilmore had never for a moment entertained the idea of reaping any direct personal reward from the festival. He made up his mind from the first that the entire net proceeds should be devoted either to the object just mentioned, or to some other equally wor¬ thy that the citizens might prefer. He knew that only upon a basis entirely free from individual or’ private interest could the enterprise, if at all, com¬ mend itself to the patronage of the public. There is no manager who would do more, or (he GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 39 may be allowed to say) who has done more, according to his means and opportunities, to aid the distressed, or who has been more willing at all times to work for charitable objects than himself; but it was not with a view to afford aid to the needy or to benevolent institutions that this undertaking was proposed. Its principal object was to bring about the grandest musical festival and greatest national gathering of modern times, and in every sense fittingly commemo¬ rate the glorious event it was designed to honor. There was a chance that it mighf result in pecuniary gain, and if so, no more commendable disposition of the surplus funds could be suggested than had been proposed; but could it only be made to pay expenses, and be carried through successfully otherwise, its mission would be fully accomplished. The time to hold the Jubilee was settled upon after serious reflection. The middle of the month of June was thought to possess many advantages, the weather at that season being generally more settled and beautiful than at any other; and though many then begin to desert the city for the mountains or the seaside, yet an occasion of such unusual interest as the Peace Jubilee would be sure to prevent any great exodus from Boston until after its close. While our own citizens would thus be kept at home a little longer, tourists from other parts of the country would be likely to take their summer jaunt a little earlier than usual to attend the Jubilee, and while it continued Boston would undoubtedly be the centre of attraction for travellers, pleasure-seekers, and musical people generally. The number of days which the festival should occupy was another important consideration. It was at first decided to announce a whole week,— - 40 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. or five days rather, allowing the first day for the per¬ fecting of final arrangements; but upon maturer re¬ flection it was concluded that three successive holidays would be all the mass of our busy people would be willing to give to pleasure. Grand fetes and high car¬ nivals did not suit the genius of our institutions. A day’s turn out is all the laborer generally treats him¬ self to at a time, and many are unwilling to cease work even upon the days of rest regularly appointed by our National or State authorities; therefore, to proclaim a national jubilee of six holidays in succes¬ sion might seem to this class a piece of folly more crazy than the proposition of the monster festival itself. It was finally decided that three days should be the limit of the Jubilee, unless its popularity should de¬ mand an extension of the time. All these points had to be carefully considered, that no step might be taken that would be likely to injure the prospect of success. The selection of music for such a national demon¬ stration was a most important consideration. It should necessarily take a very wide range. Compositions of a national, patriotic, and popular character should be embodied in the programme as well as the grand Sym¬ phony and the glorious Oratorio. It cannot be de¬ nied that the simplest music — music that is common and familiar to all ears — gives more pleasure to the larger number, in this and every other country, than the grandest compositions of the great masters. Yet this is no reason why the common order of music should be encouraged to the detriment of the higher. In the great festival in prospect it was expected that every kind of musical taste would be represented in the audiences; therefore, though the higher class of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 41 music would largely predominate, yet the popular ele¬ ment should not be wholly ignored. Many an honest tear is shed in the higher as well as the humbler walks of life when some touching song brings back the scenes of other days. Who, no matter how learned in music, has not at some time felt the charm of some simple strain, that came into the world pure and unadorned, unsought perhaps, but gushing from nature’s sweet fountain to cheer and refresh all who drank in the delicious melody? It may not have the classic form or studied dress of the offspring of educated art, or its construction demand the intricate harmonies of an intellectual composition, but it thrills with a tender touch the chords of feel¬ ing, illuming and enlightening the soul, and makes men and women nobler for their tears. True music is the gift of nature, the inspiration of genius, and thrice happy should he be who has had the advan¬ tage of culture to give finer mould to his lofty aspi¬ rations. The works of such men will live forever; they are immortal as the soul, enduring as the stars, fixed in the firmament of Art as great lights that rule the world of song. It should be the aim and duty of all interested in the elevation of music to popularize and disseminate the sublime productions of the great masters. But the loyal advocates of classic music often go beyond true philosophy in denouncing the popular melody, the stirring strain, and the simple household song, that bring joy to the hearts and the homes of the great mass of the people. Well-educated musicians, thoroughly versed in the laws of harmony, and in every form of composition, but who may have very little, if any, real musical inspiration, who are cold, cal¬ culating musical-mathematicians, may through patient 42 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. industry succeed in producing works in strict confor¬ mity with rule; and sometimes such works are foisted upon the public, and even upon the profession, as clas¬ sical compositions. Like automatic figures, they may be correct in movement, and to all appearance play the part of living organisms; but the breath of life is not in them ; they are without soul, and void. Yet in every community there is a set of bigoted musical fanatics who, incompetent to judge of the difference between the inspirations of genius and the labored combinations of the musical mechanic, would make the world bow down to all cold and lifeless works in clas¬ sic form, simply because they are in classic form, while they decry every flash of inspiration, every touching chord of nature, which appeals immediately to the feelings and finds an echo in the public heart. Out upon all such miserable pretenders! They never felt the fire of the “Marseilles Hymn,” never had their patriotism kindled by the “ Star-Spangled Banner.” The grand and majestic strains of “God save the Queen ” never roused their enthusiasm or “ The Harp that once through Tara’s Halls ” touched a ten¬ der chord in their unsympathizing souls. Yet the musical carpers would be sure to raise a howl against the national festival because the occasion called for some music of a popular character. But what should he who in life’s early dawn loved to lis¬ ten to “ the song of the lark o’er the green fields of Erin,” and who had ever been one of the most ardent devotees of the heavenly art, — what should he care for the opinion or the opposition of the few who had neither the soul nor the sense to appreciate the com¬ prehensive character of the contemplated demonstra¬ tion ? Every honest musician, come from what land or belong to what school he may, — ay, even the great GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 43 Beethoven, Mozart, Mendelssohn, or any of their com¬ peers, were they with us to-day, — would admit the utter folly of limiting the musical exercises of such a popular festival to classical works only. Yet there is in Boston, and in every other large city probably, a little ring of half-amateurs who think they know more than the profession, and would be regarded as pos¬ sessing the most delicate ear, nerve, and feeling; and who feel outraged if anything contrary to their exquisite taste is introduced into a public musical performance. But why devote time or space to these troublesome musical pests ? In the great tidal wave of harmony that will soon sweep over the land they will be swallowed up and borne away to oblivion. It was the desire and the design of the projector of the National Peace Jubilee to give to Art the highest niche in the Temple of Peace, — to provide the refined and cultivated musical classes with the very choicest com¬ positions in the repeiiowe of music, — the grandest overtures, symphonies, and oratorios, in whole or in part; yet it would be neither wise nor just to leave out of the programme, upon an occasion of such gen¬ eral rejoicing, national, patriotic, and popular melodies which were familiar to the people, and which alone the great mass could really understand or enjoy. As it was impossible for Mr. Gilmore to wait upon all whom he desired to see in person, or to reach the eye and ear of the solid men of Boston with his pros¬ pectus in manuscript, he proposed having a number of copies printed for private distribution. With this object in view he called upon his printer, Mr. A. M. Lunt, to whom he explained the nature of his visit and the absolute necessity of the greatest secrecy. The foreman of the establishment was called and in- 44 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. structed to take Mr. Gilmore’s orders, and have them faithfully carried out. “ Here,” said the latter, “ i§ a manuscript that I wish to have set up in the very best manner.” “What is it intended for,” asked the foreman, “a flyer or a dodger ? ” This was almost enough to deprive one of breath whose feelings at the time were wrought up to the very highest pitch of expectation, and who felt that he then held in his hand a manuscript whose con¬ tents would when carried out create a world-wide sensation. To be asked if this was intended for a “flyer or a dodger” (technical terms for common street advertising of cheap exhibitions) was sufficient to suggest in reply a “flyer” that would have made a “dodger” of Mr. Foreman. But being bent upon peace, words only were used in bringing the offender to a sense of his error. After giving him imperative instructions that none but those whom he mentioned should see or hear what was going on, and that no proof or copy should under any circumstances be given out without Mr. Gilmore’s consent, the work was put in hand. It may seem strange to the reader that such caution and secrecy were deemed necessary in the prelimi¬ nary preparations for the announcement of the festi¬ val ; but suppose a copy of the prospectus had fallen into the hands of a newspaper reporter or corre¬ spondent ; in all probability he would have jeered at the whole matter as a crazy fancy, and, bringing it into notice in a spirit of ridicule, might have strangled the Peace Jubilee at its very birth. It was a big thing to launch, and it was necessary to take every precaution against accident. Not a blow should be struck till all was ready, and then the shouts GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 45 might go up and the bunting be flung to the breeze. We would bear down upon the enemy with all sail set, nail our flag to the mast, double shot our guns, and give him a broadside at once. If every shot did not tell, more would be hit than by a scattering fire, which would give them time to draw out of range or dodge behind some barrier of excuse. They should be taken by surprise and compelled to surrender. Preparing the printed circular was a work of no little difficulty, caused chiefly by the extreme particularity observed in the manner of display, and the changes that each successive glance at the “proof” suggested, with a view to presenting the very best appearance possible to the eye of the reader, till at length in that respect there seemed to be little or no room for further improvement. A limited number of copies were then struck off, all which, without leaving even a scrap of proof behind, Mr. Gilmore carried away, first seeing that his faithful printer had locked the precious “ form ” securely in his safe. , The appearance of the printed prospectus was all that could be desired ; and it took the eye of the reader much more favorably than in manuscript. It looked more like business; and the originator felt sanguine that no one with the least musical or patri¬ otic feeling could now read it from beginning to end without desiring to see it carried through. A book for subscriptions, with the prospectus upon its opening pages, was now prepared, bound in attrac¬ tive style. Before endeavoring to obtain signatures, however, Mr. Gilmore felt that to lift his gigantic scheme into notice he must first get under it the Archimedean lever of the press, and therefore hastened to lay his 46 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. plans before the editors of the Boston papers; he also consulted with influential musicians, and some of the more prominent of the musical dilettanti , who he feared would oppose and condemn the whole idea if not made acquainted with what was going on before its public announcement. It was prudent to guard against the possibility of such a disaster at the beginning. In his musical enterprises hitherto he had always received the support of the Boston press ; and never having failed to fulfil his promises to the public, the editors had entire confidence in his business man¬ agement. Now was the time to turn that confidence O to advantage ; so with book in hand he started out to give them a call. Colonel W. W. Clapp, of the Journal, whom he first consulted, gave the plan a respectful hearing, after which he reviewed and criticised it in all its bearings, catechising the projector upon every point in a man¬ ner that would have confounded a witness less confi¬ dent regarding his facts. The Colonel became satisfied during the interview that Mr. Gilmore thoroughly comprehended the magnitude and the difficulties of his great undertaking, and promised the assistance of the Journal when the proper time to speak had arrived. The editors of the Post, Daily Advertiser, Herald, Transcript, Traveller, Commercial Bulletin, Common¬ wealth, Boston Pilot, Saturday Evening Gazette, Sun¬ day Times, Courier, Express, and several other papers, were called upon, and the whole plan explained to each and all in turn. It seemed as if the angels of Peace and Harmony and Good-will had preceded the musical missionary in his editorial visitations. The kind feeling manifested by all toward the enterprise, and the general unanim- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 47 ity that prevailed in its favor, satisfied him that editors were men of marvellous comprehension. Their habit of foresight enabled them to grasp at once the whole plan and purpose of the great Jubilee. What he felt could be done, they felt should be done. Boston owed it to herself as a liberal patron of art and letters to aid to her utmost an undertaking which promised so much of good to all. It would but be in harmony with her antecedents. When others hesitated, she would lead; the stone which they rejected she would build into the solid structure of her fame. With such words of cheer he felt the burden he had borne so long alone fall from him like Christian’s when in sight of the Beauti¬ ful Gate. He was not quite ready to have the new enterprise announced through the press, and therefore requested that no mention should be made of it at present, what¬ ever ramors might be afloat. When word came from headquarters to open their batteries, they could fire away ad libitum. Mr. Gilmore supplied the editors with copies of the printed prospectus, which were taken to their homes; and as a proof of the deep interest created, Mr. S. N. Stockwell, of the Journal, Mr. A. Ross, of the Daily Advertiser, and others, informed him that its perusal by their families and friends awakened an unusual degree of excitement and expectation, which might be taken as a slight indication of the feeling that would be aroused when the whole affair was fully made known to the public. Now that the press were in possession of all the necessary information, the wayfarer next turned his attention to his professional brethren. Would they receive his idea with equal favor ? No man who had music in his soul could or would oppose a demon- 48 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. stration which promised such magnificent results. But of course there would be no opposition, the profession are always so harmonious ! The originator was not selfish. Success for the en¬ terprise was his only aim; he was willing to share its honors with others capable of taking a leading part, and whose influence it was desirable to secure. Indeed, he would sink his own identity with it forever, if by that means only he could witness the realization of his idolized idea. Who should he call upon first? Mr. Carl Zerrahn, of course, — the most prominent member of the pro¬ fession in Boston. It had been intimated to this gentleman some time before that something was on the tapis that would create a great sensation in musical circles, in which he would be called upon to take a prominent part. This hint had kept him upon the qui vive for further in¬ formation ; the whole plan and prospectus were now placed before him. After hearing and reading all that was contemplated, no one could have been more completely or happily astonished than Mr. Zerrahn. True musician-like, his eye brightened with soul-fire as he conversed upon the grandeur of the festival in prospect, and the certainty that it would far surpass in magnificent effects any musical effort that had hitherto been made. Mr. Zerrahn caught the full spirit of the idea; and, more than that, he could see that it would open a wider field of labor for the musical missionary. This was the idea that would bring out the young to learn, and pay for it too; and while many a musical genius would thus be developed, many a worthy instructor would obtain employment, and find something more to live upon than the mere “ concord of sweet sounds.” GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 49 A desire for honor and fame may sometimes lead men to the performance of wonderful works; but, as a general thing, there is nothing that can stimulate the brain or nerve the arm like the bright prospect of gold. The minister will preach with greater fer¬ vor, the lawyer plead with greater eloquence, and the doctor practise with greater care, if Mammon of¬ fers a generous reward. Ay, even the poet’s pen, the painter’s brush, and the sculptor’s chisel will have a defter touch when golden crowns are the prize of am¬ bition. Praise without profit, the laurel-wreath with an empty purse, are unsubstantial recompense even to the least worldly devotee of art. However, the interview with Mr. Zerrahn proved that pecuniary consideration did not influence his musical enthusiasm. He was in full sympathy with the great movement which promised to enrapture mankind with a new revelation of the power of har¬ mony. The following letter from him was received shortly after: — Boston, December 11, 1868. 26 Harrison Avenue. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — I have read and examined the prospectus of your plan for a grand national peace jubilee and musical festi¬ val, and I am astonished as well as delighted with its magnifi¬ cence and magnitude. Such a great musical gathering would not only give lasting fame to Boston, hut would surprise the world. You may depend upon my heartiest co-operation ; and I feel sure that the people of Boston and of the whole country will support the undertaking. Such a glorious demonstration in honor of peace and union would, indeed, truly represent the harmony of the nation. Wishing you all possible success, I remain, dear sir, yours truly, CARL ZERRAHN. 50 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Next upon the list of influential members of the musical profession came the name of Mr. Julius Eich¬ berg, director of the Boston Conservatory of Music and head music-teacher in the public schools of Bos¬ ton. As a first-class musician and a gentleman of endearing social qualities, Mr. Eichberg occupied a very high place in the public estimation. In his operas and other compositions he had proved that he possessed true musical genius; and, aside from his position in the public schools, which might materially aid in procuring the chorus of children, his acknowl¬ edged abilities, large experience, and eminent fitness in every way for the duties of conductor, fully entitled him to a prominent part in the coming festival. To obtain Mr. Eichberg’s opinion of the scheme Mr. Gilmore called at the office of the Conservatory. He was politely informed that Mr. Eichberg was occupied with his classes, and could not be interrupted except by business of the utmost importance. Mr. Gilmore considered that his business ivas of the utmost importance. Mr. Eichberg must give immedi¬ ate ear if he would learn of something of great interest to the musical public. “Ah ! Mr. Eichberg, here you are ; I won’t detain you long.” “ Come this way,” said Mr. Eichberg. “ How do you do ? Sit down. What is the news ? ” “I have called to see you,” said Mr. Gilmore, “upon a very serious matter. Before I ask the merchants of Boston to subscribe to a musical enterprise of great pretensions, and to the fulfilment of which I am now wholly devoted, I desire to obtain the opinion of a few of the heads of the musical profession, and have therefore called upon you for the purpose of asking your advice upon the subject. Here is the plan ; read for yourself.” GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 51 Mr. Eichberg took the book containing the prospec¬ tus and commenced reading the programme for the first time. As he progressed his breathing grew louder and quicker, his eye flashed with excitement as his fertile imagination pictured the enlivening scenes; and as his mind grasped the magnitude of the har¬ monious feast, which seemed to fill him with wonder, he closed the book, and exclaimed with inspired fervor: “ 0, this is glorious ! How long have you had this idea ? I heartily congratulate you upon such a sublime conception ” ; and warmly grasping the hand of his visitor, he added, “If you never go one step farther towards carrying out your plan than in simply pre¬ senting the idea as you now have done, the musical profession will owe you a monument.” If the music of David’s harp, Apollo’s lyre, and Gabriel’s trumpet had fallen upon the ear of the pro¬ jector at that moment, they could not have moved within him heartier sentiments of gratitude, or awak¬ ened more sympathetic emotions, than these impas¬ sioned words hot from the lips of genius. He thanked Mr. Eichberg fervently. Would he express his opinion in letter form, that it might ap¬ pear in due time as his indorsement of the enter¬ prise ? Without hesitation Mr. Eichberg replied: “With all my heart you shall have it; and in what¬ ever manner I may be able to assist you, you may rely upon my warmest co-operation.” Mr. Gilmore went on his way rejoicing. It was the first Iona fide outburst of real appreciation his idea had called forth; and coming from one whose lofty conceptions had carried the divine messenger of music to many a happy heart, he congratulated himself upon the accession to his cause of such a noble and enthusiastic friend. 52 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. The following is a copy of Mr. Eichberg’s letter : — Boston Conservatory of Music, Boston, December 14, 1868. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — After listening to your expose of the contem¬ plated peace festival to be celebrated in Boston in the month of June next, I can only say that I should be proud to assist you in the measure of my feeble talents and influence. I have no doubts whatever of the entire feasibility of your undertaking, satisfied as I am that the whole musical profession in this country, as well as the general public, will willingly extend to you such aid and sympathy as your noble enterprise deserves. If more eloquent words were at my command, I doubt whether I could use them on any fitter occasion. The successful carry¬ ing out of the Peace Jubilee will not only be honorable to yourself, but will increase the artistical and intellectual renown of Boston high above any other city here or in Europe. The effect of such armies of singers and musicians singing hymns of Peace and Good-Will will be only comparable with itself, as nothing similar has been heard in modern times. I have the honor to subscribe myself, Yours very respectfully, JULIUS EICHBERG. When the press of Boston were willing to advocate his enterprise, and musicians of such standing and influence as Messrs. Zerrahn, Eichberg, and others so warmly indorsed and enthusiastically espoused it, Mr. Gilmore felt that his trials and anxieties were about at an end,— that the current of opinion would set in one direction, and any attempt of pique or prejudice to stem it would be borne down by the incoming tide of popular favor. Before bringing the plan to the notice of the mer¬ chants, however, it was deemed advisable, having seen the heads of the profession proper, to call upon a few of the musical dilettanti , — the connoisseurs, carpers, and GEE AT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 53 critics; at least to see the most ancient representative of that class, the venerable Mr. John S. Dwight, Bos¬ ton’s high-art critic, who from his deep interest in the cause of music, and from the persecutions he has suf¬ fered in endeavoring to bring the rest of mankind up to his lofty standard, has never enjoyed, it is said, an hour’s “ peace on earth,” or, it might be added, “ good¬ will towards men,” — good-will towards the heathen¬ ish barbarians whose morbid appetites would not per¬ mit them to swallow a Symphony for breakfast, a Fugue for dinner, and an Oratorio for supper; then, without wincing, take down a. whole German Opera be¬ fore retiring. This — with an occasional well-seasoned Concerto and a few musty Quartettes, as side-dishes — would be his regular bill of fare all the year round. Mr. Gilmore came under the head of musical cater¬ ers who believed that an occasional change of diet was more healthy and much more palatable than a constant repetition of the same dishes ; he also believed that in¬ stead of compelling all the world to live forever upon the fruits of about half a dozen successful producers, it was but just to encourage other cultivators who were hopefully toiling in the field by taking an occasional sample of what they sent to market and serving it up to see how it might suit the public taste ; but Mr. Dwight looked upon any such distribution of patron¬ age as showing a depraved appetite, consequently Mr. Gilmore had very little favor in the eyes, and still less in the pen, of this great Rliadamanthus of mu¬ sic, who, though condescending to bow to him at sight, yet ever descended to bow-wow at him when out of sight. But the projector of the Peace Festival now felt it his duty to forget the past, and enlist even enemies in the cause if he could, and to remove the most trifling obstacles to success. With this feeling, 54 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. he entered the classic chamber of the great expounder of musical art in Boston. “Good morning, Mr. Dwight.” “Good morning,” in a very subdued tone, was the reply. _ _ “Mr. Dwight,” said the intruder, “I have come to see you upon a very important musical matter, and though I have no reason to expect any favors from you, judging by the past, yet, recognizing the position which you hold, I feel it my duty to acquaint you with an important movement that is now going on.” This straightforward little address rather nettled Mr. Dwight, who replied, “ 0, I am weary and tired of all such things! I wish that — ” The rest of the remark was inaudible. “ Here is the prospectus of a musical festival,” continued the visitor; “if you will take the trouble to read it, and — ” “ What is it? what is it? ” interrupted Mr. Dwight, hurriedly and peevishly, as his eyes fell upon the printed pages. In a low mumbling undertone he read, “‘ Great National Peace Jubilee and Musical Fes¬ tival’— 0, you know I never like these g-r-e-a-t things! ” said he, ironically, continuing to scan the prospectus. “ I am aware of that,” said Mr. Gilmore to himself; “ and I might have known very well that you would rather crush than encourage any effort of mine; but the spirit that sent me hither to ask your support in this undertaking will, I am sure, influence you to as¬ sist,— unless your opposition may be of greater benefit to the cause.” Mr. Dwight continued to read the marvellous tale before him, interlarding with painful groans the vari¬ ety of monster musical features that filed along under GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 55 his optics. Indigestion was already setting in. It was too much of a “ pot-y^r-I” to ever think of serving up, and there were indications that anger and wrath would fall upon the head of him who dare attempt the prep¬ aration of such an incomprehensible feast. Mr. Gilmore stood by watching and waiting for the decision of this oracle of music, who evidently felt more surprise and indignation at the audacious prop¬ osition he was reading than he, with his command of choice rhetoric, knew how to express. As he finished the alarming sketch of the coming sangerfest, he raised his arms, gave a fearful growl, and stood, for once in his life, bold and defiant as a lion in the path. “Such an idea as this,” said he, “a national jubilee to commemorate the restoration of peace, ought not to spring from — it ought to spring from the people.” (“ Ought not to spring from the in¬ dividual before him” was no doubt upon his tongue’s end.) “Any such movement as this,” he continued, “ should appear as if it were the sjiontaneous act of a whole community.” “I agree with you exactly, Mr. Dwight,” was the reply; “ but you must know that a whole community cannot all think of the same thing at the same time, or until some one has started the idea. My object in calling upon you to-day is to ascertain if you approve of the plan, and will lend your assistance in carry¬ ing it out.” “ I cannot say what I will do until I have had an opportunity of consulting with other parties about it,” answered Mr. Dwight. “ When I came to you,” said Mr. Gilmore, “ I came to ask your personal opinion, without regard to what others might think. If you will have the kindness ” (“the independence ” he should have said) “to express 56 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. your own views now, it will be a satisfaction to know how you feel about the matter.” “I will think of it, and will give you my answer at another time,” said Mr. Dwight. “Well, sir,” replied the applicant for the trifling favor, “ since you do not see fit to decide now, one way or the other, may I ask that, if you should not conclude to indorse or assist the enterprise, you will not take the trouble to oppose it?” “ Oppose, oppose,” muttered Mr. Dwight; “ it could be of no interest or advantage to me whatever to oppose it.” “ Well,” said the writer, “ I am glad to hear you say so; and I trust that, upon reflection, you may decide to give it the benefit of your support.” With this the interview ended; Mr. Gilmore de¬ parted, satisfied that he had done his duty in per¬ forming this unpleasant task, — unpleasant, because it was humiliating to seek the influence of one who for years had frowned not only upon the musical efforts of himself, — when they were appreciated by the community generally, — but also upon those of most all resident musicians who attempted anything in public that did not spring from, or have the ap¬ proval of, the select circle who constitute the would- be high court of musical criticism in the New Eng¬ land metropolis. Mr. Gilmore had now performed his part, and it remained to be seen whether his venerable friend, whose duty it was as a journalist to foster and en¬ courage the humblest efforts of even the humblest laborer in the musical vineyard, would lend a help¬ ing hand to the development of a musical movement which promised to do more for the advancement of art in America than could possibly be accomplished in GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 57 a thousand years of such efforts as he had heretofore put forth. It should be admitted, however, that Mr. Dwight never claimed to be much of a musician; but there is one thing sure, he possesses all the elements of discord, and is thoroughly familiar with every descending mi¬ nor passage. To illustrate more clearly to the business mind his position and opinion in musical matters: He would permit nothing to be seen upon the ocean except a few great vessels of the olden time. All will agree with him that the musical monarch of the sea bears the flag of Beethoven, and that other ships of majestic proportions sail under the banners of Mozart, Handel, Haydn, Schumann, Bach, Gluck, Mendelssohn, and Schubert; that this noble squadron, whose achieve¬ ments have produced such wonderful harmony, are rec¬ ognized as conquerors everywhere, and hailed with delight wherever they appear. But these and a few others of similar armament are the only vessels lie would permit to sail upon the sea. All the officers must come from the borders of the Rhine, of course, — the very best place in the world to select from, no doubt, — but the Judge-Advocate of this formidable armada would not admit Italians, French, English, Irish, or even Americans, as coal-heavers in such a royal fleet. As for modern inventions, — Monitors, Ironclads, and such craft, commanded by men like Verdi, Donnizetti, Bellini, Auber, Mercadante, Balfe, and others, — he swears eternal enmity against all such destructive in¬ novators, fearing that in an encounter they might pos¬ sibly damage the “ancient forms” and “classic mod¬ els” of the past; and as for the thousands of musical merchantmen, — brigs, schooners, sloops, and honest coasters of American model, — why, he would have them all scuttled in the docks or sunk in the sea! 58 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. But liis disposition to destroy all local craft that sail under another flag than his own evidently springs from the fact that Mr. Dwight, like the writer, has found it plaguy hard at times to “paddle his own canoe but, unlike him when in the breakers, he cannot look com¬ placently at others under full sail, borne on by prosper¬ ous breezes. Will he now jump aboard the stately ship “Jubilee” and lend a willing hand at the ropes of Peace and Union and Harmony, or still beat about in his little cockle-shell, croaking at all creation ? Who next ? Where are the enemy ? Mr. Gilmore did not wish to leave a stone unturned under which might lurk a secret foe. He would root them all out, and compel them to show their colors. He was now on his grand rounds among the Terribles, in search of those he feared might decry his cause, not those he knew would favor it. But perhaps he would encounter friends where he had looked for enemies. Hard words do not always imply hard hearts. Many a hearty hand-shake follows the fiercest onslaught of words. So some he has thought his foes may turn out his stanchest sup¬ porters. The merit and magnitude of his enterprise must draw men out of their littlenesses, and lift them above their petty prejudices into a wider range of vision. He knew no enemies now. Those whose professional ability or musical associations made them of service would be consulted. It was the only course that could lead to the success of so vast an undertaking. Mr. Gilmore called next upon Mr. Boring B. Barnes, Secretary of the best and most successful choral or¬ ganization in the United States, — the Handel and Haydn Society of Boston. Mr. Barnes is a gentleman of pleasing manners, to GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 59 whose activity and energy this Society is greatly in¬ debted for its success. Mr. Gilmore wanted men of experience upon his staff, — men who knew their busi¬ ness, and in whose -ability the public would have confi¬ dence. A wise general will select the very best officers to carry out his plans. Mr. Gilmore was acting upon the principle that a very poor general might be suc¬ cessful by pursuing the same course. He knew and appreciated the ability and experience of Mr. Barnes as Secretary of this flourishing society, and had decided •to invite him to accept a similar position in the for¬ mation of the great oratorio chorus for the coming J ubilee. After the usual interchange of courtesies, Mr. Gil¬ more informed Mr. Barnes that he had called for the purpose of enlisting his friendship and assistance in the development of one of the greatest musical events of the age; that he had given the subject a great deal of thought • and before bringing it into public notice, he deemed it advisable to lay the plan before a few influential musical friends. Without further preamble he handed Mr. Barnes the prospectus. That gentleman’s quick eye was soon riveted on the sheet before him, and it was evident a grand revolution was going on in his mind as scene after scene of the brilliant panorama flashed before him. To fill the office of secretary of the musical department of such a festival as this would be a most gratifying posi¬ tion ; it would be the opportunity of a lifetime, and a source of the sweetest remembrance. . Mr. Barnes finished the reading of the programme with evident feelings of exquisite pleasure, and warmly congratulated Mr. Gilmore upon the grandeur of the conception. No man could have been more favorably impressed, or more enthusiastic in his indorsement of 60 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the idea, than was Mr. Barnes; and in reply to the question, whether his co-operation could be relied upon, he stated that he would do all that lay in his power to further the success of the enterprise, and would take the earliest opportunity to express his sentiments in writing. Mr. Gilmore departed in a very cheerful and hopeful frame of mind, and in due time received the following letter from Mr. Barnes : — Boston, December 16, 1868. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. My dear Sir, — I have looked through your Prospectus for a grand National Peace Jubilee and Musical Festival with a great deal of interest, and must express astonishment at the majestic proportions which the enterprise has already assumed, and which must, of necessity, grow and increase as the great work is gradually developed. It is a great and glorious idea, and one that, if fully carried out according to the proposed plan, will add to the already wide¬ spread reputation which our city enjoys, both at home and abroad, as the first city in importance, musically and artisti¬ cally speaking, on this continent. I see no difficulty in the way of a complete and perfect con¬ summation of the great work you propose to enter upon. It will require much thought, as I know from some little experi¬ ence, but it can be done, and it must be done ! Let us have the greatest National Jubilee on the three days of one of the loveliest months of the twelve (June), as you propose, which it has ever been the lot of human ears to listen to, or of eyes to see. If I can assist you in any manner, command my services; though the head that can plan such a gigantic (what shall I call it ?) spectacle as you propose may safely be relied on for its consummation. Very truly yours, etc., LORING B. BARNES. In further pursuing his work, the projector felt that GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 61 there was one gentleman who, though his name sel¬ dom appeared before the public, had it in his power to aid or injure such an enterprise as this more, per¬ haps, than any other person in the city. It was none other than Dr. J. B. Upham, President of the Handel and Haydn Society, Chairman of Music in the public schools, and occupying various other positions in the closest relations with music and musical education. No gentleman of means in Boston has given more time and attention to the development of the divine art than Dr. Upham. The profession proper have but little knowledge of the great benefit which has re¬ sulted from his earnest devotion to the cause of music. To his influence chiefly the citizens of Boston and of the country are indebted for that noble instrument, the great organ in the Music Hall; and although shrinking from notoriety, he will always be found in the concert-room, at rehearsals, musical meetings, and wherever music or musical education is the subject, drinking, and inviting others to drink, from the pure fountains of melody and harmony which he takes so much pleasure in providing and in seeing provided for the elevation of the musical taste and for the gratifica¬ tion of the public. Appreciating all this, and remembering the various important offices which he held, Mr. Gilmore felt that he had great power to serve his cause. A gun from him would be a signal for others to fall in. He therefore presented himself at the office of Dr. Upham, whom he found engaged with a friend upon his favorite theme, — Music. Waiting his opportunity, he soon had the ear of the Doctor, and with very little preface he called his attention to the prospectus of the colossal musical scheme. He commenced reading, and soon became deeply 62 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. absorbed in the matter before him, Mr. Gilmore in the mean while soliloquizing to himself somewhat after this manner: “ Now, Doctor, I have always given you the credit of being an ardent worshipper of the divine art; my heart is full of gratitude towards you far all that you have done in the cause. Busybodies may say that you are becoming narrow in your views upon musical matters, and unless ideas originate within your favorite circle you are likely to withhold your sympa¬ thy and aid. This I will not believe till I see some practical demonstration of it. What you are now reading — the key to the greatest flood of harmony that ever came pouring upon the ear of humanity — will afford a grand opportunity to lift still higher the noble art for which you have already done so much. If you aid in unlocking the gates of this flood, you will be instrumental in bringing forth such a joyous outburst of song as will fill your soul with the happiest recollections of this great Jubilee and Festival.” The Doctor finished reading the prospectus just as this soliloquy came to an end, and it was a matter of some interest in the mind of the visitor what the verdict would be. “This is a very great undertaking, Mr. Gilmore,” said the Doctor, “and you have certainly laid out an astonishing programme.” “Well, Doctor, it is rather an extravagant thing to think of; yet there is nothing impossible about it. The whole undertaking is within reasonable bounds, and can be accomplished if circumstances favor. I want to know if you will lend me a helping hand by indorsing the idea, and giving me a letter signifying your approval.” “ You are aware,” replied he, “ that I have no desire for notoriety, and do not wish to become identified with GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 63 public demonstrations of any kind. Whatever I may be able to do in a quiet way I will do cheerfully to aid you; but I have already so much to occupy my mind, you must not rely upon my taking any prominent part in such a great undertaking as you now propose.” Just as Dr. Upham had finished these remarks, made in his usual quiet and impressive manner, the door opened, and Mr. Loring B. Barnes entered. After a very few words upon other matters, Mr. Barnes, surmising the object of Mr. Gilmore’s visit, exclaimed: “ Doctor, this is a glorious idea of Mr. Gilmore’s! Have you read his prospectus ? ” “I have,” replied the Doctor; “we were talking about it just as you came in.” “What do you think of it?” asked Mr. Barnes. “ For my own part, I look upon it as a grand idea, and I don’t see any reason why such a thing cannot be suc¬ cessfully carried out. In my opinion, it is perfectly feasible, and Mr. Gilmore is just the man for such an enterprise.” “I have no doubt,” replied the Doctor, “that with his energy much may be accomplished.” The entrance of other gentlemen now prevented further discussion of the subject; and on Mr. Gil¬ more’s retiring the Doctor informed him in a few private words, that “ the idea struck him quite favor¬ ably, and he would like to have it succeed.” After the interview Mr. Gilmore went on his way feeling somewhat disappointed. When one enters with heart and soul on any great undertaking, he is very likely to be extremely sensi¬ tive concerning it, and can generally tell how others are impressed and what interest they are likely to take after very few words upon the subject. Mr. Gilmore could not help feeling and regretting 64 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. that Doctor Upham’s influence was not yd secured; and should he decline to become interested, even his neutrality might cause others to hesitate, and check the enthusiasm of some who had already favored the enterprise. The hope of obtaining the services of the Handel and Haydn Society, and the children of the public schools, might be jeoparded if lie could not be induced to take an active part, or at least give the proposition the benefit of his indorsement. The course he would pursue gave Mr. Gilmore much uneasiness; that he should be captured and placed in high com¬ mission, was the wish of the projector, although now evidently a very delicate duty to perform. It is not necessary to anticipate at this point the course pursued by Dr. Upham, Mr. Barnes, Mr. Dwight, Mr. Eichberg, or Mr. Zerrahn in connection with the Festival; the acts of these gentlemen will speak for themselves at the proper time and furnish their own commentary. It is enough here to state that each was consulted ; and while some received the idea with evident warmth and enthusiasm, and others with seeming coldness and distrust, yet their words generally were highly encouraging and satisfactory. While these visits were in progress, copies of the prospectus were being sparingly circulated among trusty friends, and quite a little ripple of expectancy here and there ran through the social circle; and as the news spread from lip to lip public rumor seized it, and the whole thing was beginning to be pretty generally known without the aid of the press. The latter was kept fully informed of ali that was going on, and notwithstanding information of . the affair had reached the ears of the editors from various sources, yet, thanks, thanks to their honor! not one word was made public by them till all was ready and GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 65 the order given to unmask their batteries and open fire. It was not deemed necessary to spend more time in visiting musical circles, at least for the present. If the letters and indorsements already obtained would not reach the hearts, and through them the pockets, of the “solid men of Boston,” then words would be power¬ less to move them. In every city and in every community there are those who are known as leading men; whose wealth, position, influence, and long connection with matters of general moment enable them to decide the fate of important movements. A nod from them would bring the moneyed interest into line, and set the ball in motion. At such a time as this “ One blast upon tbeir bugle-horns Were worth a thousand men.” They hold the purse-strings, and as they tighten or relax their grasp upon them live or die great enter¬ prises. Their power is great for good if they wisely use it. Who in Boston that had a great heart as well as a full purse should first be consulted ? Where so many are possessed of both it were hard to decide. But pre-eminent among them stood the Hon. William Gray. If he should approve of the scheme, the walls of the Coliseum would rise as by enchantment, — if not without sound of axe or hammer, like Solomon’s Temple, at least with the harmonious strokes that would but prefigure the great Jubilee itself. Wherever money, influence, or advice were wanted, Mr. Gray’s decision generally marked the wisest policy to be adopted, and was one from which an appeal was seldom if ever made. To him, therefore, would the plan be presented for its first substantial indorsement. If he approved, the merchants of Boston would take 5 66 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. interest in the stock at once, and jubilee notes would command the very highest premium. With high hope that the result of his appeal might prove the wisdom of his judgment, Mr. Gilmore transmitted the following letter to Mr. Gray: — Boston, December 15, 1868. Hon. William Gray. My dear Sir, — A musical project of great magnitude, associated with an important national event, having occupied my mind for many months, I am now about to bring the matter to public notice. Before doing so, however, I would ask the favor of your opinion and advice as to the best method of presenting it, and of securing, if possible, the indorsement and good-will of the merchants of Boston, without which it would be folly to at¬ tempt to develop the plan in this city. The world has never witnessed a musical demonstration of such proportions as this scheme embodies, and if put into exe¬ cution, it would certainly make Boston still more famous than she is, both at home and abroad. It might appear strange indeed, should I desire to ask your advice upon a strictly musical matter; but this is, in all its bearings, purely national, and a public announcement of all its details would create a great deal of comment throughout the land, and, looking at it in a business way, would, if I am not mistaken, do much good for this city. Several friends in the musical profession, who are already aware of the plan, are enraptured with the anticipation of seeing it carried through; but that is beyond their power to accomplish. Your own identity with all important movements in Bos¬ ton, and being one of the most honored representatives of its high character in private life, are conclusive proofs that if the idea meets with favor in your eyes the most important step toward success is secured. Furthermore, Mr. Gray, if you will take an interest in bringing this matter into favorable no¬ tice among the leading merchants, I know well that yourself and every member of your family will forever have reason to look back with pride and pleasure upon your being the means GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 67 of bringing about the grandest musical demonstration that this or any other nation has on record. As I will take the liberty of laying my plan before you in pei’son, I need not enter into further details now. Two of the most distinguished occasions with which my Band have ever been associated — the grand receptions of General McClellan and General Sherman — were in your service. With your name at the head of the matter now in question, not alone the citizens of Boston, and the whole musical profession, but in fact the whole country, will owe you a debt of gratitude. With great respect, I remain, dear sir, Your obedient servant, P. S. GILMORE. The writer had the pleasure of knowing that his letter was placed in the hands of Mr. Gray upon the day that it was written; and about eleven o’clock on the morning of the next day he called at that gen¬ tleman’s office to explain the object of his somewhat mysterious letter. Mr. Gray was in a pleasant mood, and received him in a very friendly manner; which augured well for his undertaking. After a few words Mr. Gray commenced business by saying, “ Well, Mr. Gilmore, I received a letter from you yesterday.” “ Yes, sir,” replied the latter, “ and I have now come to see you in relation to it, and upon the most impor¬ tant mission of my life. I will not trespass upon your time by entering into details; you will find the matr ter fully explained in the first few pages of this book, if you will be kind enough to read it; and here are some letters, giving the opinions and showing the feelings of musical people upon the subject.” Did the projector expect to see Mr. Gray open the book or unfold the accompanying letters at once, and 68 NATIONAL TEACE JUBILEE. go into ecstasies ? If so, he was very much mistaken! Mr. Gray simply replied, “ You can leave your book and your letters; I will give them attention.” “Well, Mr. Gray,” asked the anxious visitor, “when may I call to learn the result? ” “ 0, any time; say in three or four days.” “ Thank you, sir. Good morning.” When a musical man is with musical people he is in his own congenial sphere, and may excite those around him to concert pitch with his musical rhapsodies; but when he enters the precincts of Money , to ask for golden favors, he feels as if a wet blanket were thrown over his enthusiasm. He must come down from soar¬ ing among the clouds, and stand on solid facts if he would get a hearing. “ Time is Money ” is the legend of the counting-house. You feel it if you do not see it posted everywhere. Waste of words is as reprehen¬ sible as the waste of goods. Go right to the point. If you have anything to say, say it, and be done. Men used to the click of the telegraph are impatient of the clack of the gossip. Music may be very well in its place, but do-re-mi -ing will not do where the only tune permitted is of dollars and cents. Will the project pay as well as please ? may be the first consideration of the cool financier. Perhaps not pay in dimes and dollars, but that it would yield a large return in musical culture, and broaden and deepen the channels of social and commercial intercourse, there could be no doubt. Money might come of it eventually to many; for as the overflow of the Nile enriches its borders, so the overflow of our streets by strangers would leave a residuum of profit in the pockets of the people generally. But the projector had not heretofore taken this business view of the great scheme. It was not in keeping with its concep- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 69 tion. He would have Boston put her soul into it as well as her purse, to feel that she was doing a great thing and a good thing, uninfluenced by any motives of material gain. The chink of dollars has a pleasant sound, and may be the sweetest music to many ears; but here and there are some who listen to higher harmonies and labor for nobler ends than the mere acquisition of money, — who make that the means of usefulness, not the end of existence, bestowing as freely as they re¬ ceive, strowing where they do not expect to reap, and perchance reaping where they have not strown. When the musical man found himself face to face with the moneyed man, he felt somewhat at a loss, as he has intimated, how to open his mission. He who had soared into the very face of the sun with an en¬ thusiasm that lifted his soul into the highest realms of harmonious bliss, now felt his wings clipped and without the power to rise in the chilly atmosphere that ojipressed him. There was something ominous in the reticence of Mr. Gray. Though his words bore the true stamp of the gentleman, yet they were so few, so direct, leaving nothing to be said after the many hours of thought that brought him forth as the pillar of hope that the buoyant feelings of the jubi- leeist fell to the ground. A chilliness crept over his heart. A blackness as of night settled down upon the prospect. But his heaviness of heart did not last long. He hoped for the best. “ It is darkest just before dawn,” he reflected. He believed a glorious sunrise would yet burst upon him, and flood all the land with light. So “cheer up” was the word! He would continue to trust in the wisdom and liberality of Boston’s noble sons. 70 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Mr. Gray come of the good old Puritan stock, and his deep interest in, and earnest labors for, all that he considered for the public good had raised him so far above the mere money-getter as to completely isolate him from that class. His liberal benefactions were too well known to leave a doubt of his sympathy with every noble undertaking. He was accustomed to con¬ sider grave, solid, serious facts, embodied in stone and iron, and not to act hastily in any matter. When he moved he carried weight with him. He did not at¬ tempt to brush the sky with a feather-duster or scoop up the sea with a conch-shell. He adapted means to ends, proportioned his bounty to the greatness of the call for it, and would no doubt exercise his honest judgment in bestowing or withholding aid to the proposed Jubilee. At any rate Mr. Gilmore would possess his soul in patience, and wait Mr. Gray’s decision. For the next four long and weary days and nights, Mr. Gray, I shall think of you every hour. Long and weary they will be until your decision is made known, and doubt and difficulty increased tenfold or swept away forever. I pray that your sympathy and inter¬ est may be so deeply enlisted that you will improve the golden opportunity to transmit to your children and your children’s children, for generations to come, the proud recollection that the greatest musical fes¬ tival and grandest national celebration that ever moved the hearts of men in this or any other coun¬ try was accomplished through the instrumentality of their noble ancestor. Among musical people the originator had talked of nothing but the “ Great Musical Festival,” as the musical part chiefly interested them. He had now encountered the class that possessed the real power to GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 71 push the project, — the men of means, many of whom might not care a fig for the music. He must, therefore, make more prominent the original conception ,—“Peace Jubilee,” — a national celebration to commemorate the restoration of Peace throughout the land. This was the sort of music that would touch nearest the heart of the New England farmer, the pioneer upon the West- ern prairie, the soldier upon the distant frontier,— ay, and even the silent mourner by many a noble Southron’s grave, weeping over the error of his life that led to his early loss. This was the music that would rouse and cheer all, not alone from Maine to California, and wherever the stars and stripes floated, but in every hut and hamlet of the world where op¬ pression was felt and liberty was longed for, and in every Christian heart at home or across the sea where¬ in freedom found an echo and peace and union in America a friend. 0, how it filled the soul of him who yearned and labored every moment for the realization of what seemed to be the will of Providence! He felt that all good influences were working for him, that all beautiful things below and all beautiful things above responded to his inmost thoughts, and bade him “ God speed.” Would the full and complete realization of his idea ever be witnessed in historic Boston ? Will they who have the power open wide their hearts, and say unto their brethren throughout the land: “ We have pre¬ pared the feast of rejoicing; come ye and partake thereof. Our tears shall mingle with your tears, and wash away the remembrance of the past, while the song of Peace shall go up, and Heaven and Earth witness us united as never before in strong and ever-during bonds of love ” ? 72 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. What were the visions that like a pillar of cloud by day and of fire by night led him on ! What were the bright scenes that enchanted him by their beauty! He saw the multitude coming up from all parts of the land, filling the highways and the byways, to wifi ness the glorious spectacle. Old Faneuil Hall, as the antechamber of the great Temple of Peace, gathering in and taking by the hand the leading men of the nation, — old Faneuil Hall, whose storied walls still echo the fiery words of patriots who lived in deeds, where “still lives” the memory of him who proclaimed, “ The Union, now and forever, one and inseparable ! ” — this old cradle of American liberty would be rocked as never before by the tumultuous greeting of Massa¬ chusetts to her sister States. This was the gathering his mind had foreshadowed, and which he was laboring to bring about; and such an assemblage of the leading men of the nation would no more than fitly represent the cause that inspired the thought of so great a demonstration. Old Faneuil Hall was, in his mind, the place for the representatives of the nation and their honored guests to rendezvous, until such time as all were ready to proceed to the great Coliseum especially erected for the historic pur¬ pose in view. While Mr. Gray and his friends were giving the sub¬ ject their consideration, the projector still kept on recruiting his forces. This was an enterprise that promised to do so much for the popularizing of music, it seemed that music dealers and publishers ought, without hesitation, to take a deep interest in its suc¬ cess. That branch of commercial industry could not fail to receive a permanent benefit by the revival of many old and the organizing of scores of new musical societies throughout the country. As the next impor- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 73 tant step, therefore, it was deemed advisable to bring the matter to the notice of Mr. Oliver Ditson, the head of the most prominent music publishing house in the music trade in America. Accordingly Mr. Gil¬ more presented himself at the desk of that gentle¬ man, and after the exchange of friendly greetings, commenced to inform him of the great thing in con¬ templation. “ 0,” said Mr. Ditson, quite sharply, “ I have heard something about this; and I don’t believe in any such monstrous undertakings! ” “ Why not undertake great as well as small things, Mr. Ditson, if they are feasible ? and this that I now propose is perfectly so,” was the reply. “ I don’t know any of the particulars about it,” said Mr. Ditson; “ but you will ruin yourself if you attempt impossibilities. Far better for your own good if you confine your ideas to smaller — ” “ But, Mr. Ditson,” interrupted Mr. Gilmore, excit¬ edly, “this can be done, and it shall be done. Mr. Dwight has been poisoning your ear!” (The projector had information that Mr. Dwight had commenced his feeble crusade against the enter¬ prise.) “ You might know very well that he would oppose it,” was the reply. “I don’t care for his opposition; he would oppose anything I might undertake. But I am sure that if time would permit of your hearing the whole plan, you would entertain a very different opinion from that which you now express.” “Well,” said Mr. Ditson, “it may be so. I am quite busy at present, and have no time now to consider the subject; but if you will come to my house at an early day, I will be happy to hear a full statement of what 74 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. you propose doing, after which I will be better able to judge of your prospects.” “ The opportunity will give me great pleasure,” replied Mr. Gilmore, “ and I shall gladly avail myself of it. Good morning.” The writer was not surprised or disappointed to learn that Mr. Dwight was thus early abroad sowing the seeds of opposition to a project which was not yet publicly announced, and which he himself had promised, if not to help, at least to give it the benefit of his silence. However, do his worst he could only impede, not stop the movement. Mr. Ditson had a kind and good heart; and his great experience in musical matters would lead him to take a just view of the enterprise so soon as he was fully aware of its object. The number of circulars containing the prospectus issued up to this time would not exceed one hundred in all; hut even this small number, scattered as they were among the members of the press and trusty musi¬ cal friends, had already passed through many hands. All who received a copy were instructed to say noth¬ ing whatever about the “great idea”; and of course they endeavored, as far as possible, to make the mat¬ ter a general secret by instructing every one to whom they communicated it to tell every one else to say nothing about it! The writer’s greatest fear now was that the argus- eyed correspondents of papers at a distance might scent out the news and prematurely disclose it. If Mr. Gray and the other gentlemen who had the mat¬ ter under advisement should decide to favor the un¬ dertaking, no matter how soon the world knew all about it. But if they should decline to give it counte¬ nance and support, strength from other quarters would GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 75 have to be secured before any public announcement could be made. Through the aid of friends, Mr. Gil¬ more was introduced to several correspondents. They were fully informed by him of the state of affairs, and of the necessity, for its success, of keeping all informa¬ tion relating to the Festival a secret until some pros¬ pect of a solid foundation had been secured. All honor to the “ Knights of the Quill ”! They did not break faith with the projector; but he found it difficult at times to repress their ardor. To possess an item of general interest and withhold it from the public is a self-denial for a newspaper man almost heroic, and none could appreciate this forbearance bet¬ ter than Mr. Gilmore. The “ initiated ” of the musical ring were awaiting the development of the movement with great anxiety. Scarcely a day or an hour passed that the projector did not meet some friend who, with earnest words of wonder and sympathy, congratulated him upon the conception of such a magnificent idea. This was cheering and encouraging, and indicated that musical people generally would hail such an event with pleasure and gratification. 0, how many weary days and restless nights the Jubilee had already cost the projector! Words can¬ not express how exhausted in body and brain he be¬ came from the tremendous pressure with which his mind was sometimes overborne. He was determined to make the enterprise a triumphant success in spite of all and every opposition. He seemed often to be struggling alone in the current; but he pulled with • a will, hoping the tide would soon turn. 0 those tedious, toilsome hours! How many times he was tempted to draw in the oars, and let the craft he had so hopefully launched drift out into the sea of forget¬ fulness. But the angel of peace and harmony was 76 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ever with him, lending inspiration and strength to overcome all earthly obstacles. The morning of the fourth day of probation dawned. He seemed to have been years on the anxious seat since his interview with Mr. Gray. Now that he was again on his way to see him and learn his decision, he felt somehow like a criminal going up for sentence after trial. Yet when he found himself in presence of Mr. Gray, his genial manner somewhat reassured him; and with a “ Good morning, sir,” he awaited what that gentle¬ man had to say. “ Mr. Gilmore, be seated.” The latter had hardly taken a seat when Mr. Gray, without further colloquy, said, with an inclination of his head in the direction of a desk a short distance off: “ There is your book, and there are your letters. I invited some gentlemen here to consider your mat¬ ter, and they came to the conclusion not to become interested in it at present.” No words can express the feelings of regret with which the anxious visitor listened to this announce¬ ment. “Well, Mr. Gray,” was the response, “I am sorry indeed to hear this decision. If I should conclude to go on, and should obtain encouragement from other quarters, do you think these gentlemen and yourself would alter your views, and give the plan your coun¬ tenance and assistance at another time ? ” “I can only say to you now,” replied Mr. Gray, u that, for my own part, I am not prepared to offer you any encouragement at present.” Mr. Gray, whose words were firm and decided, yet spoke in a tone of great kindness; and it seemed as if he regretted that the views and decision of his friends, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 77 with whom he felt it his duty to comply, were not more hopeful and encouraging. Mr. Gilmore rose to depart, but Mr. Gray invited him to remain, and commenced making some sugges¬ tions upon the general outline of the undertaking. He evidently felt an interest of some kind, — perhaps a feeling of kindness and sympathy for the originator, whose countenance must have betrayed the distress that filled him almost with dismay. Having listened to the suggestions of Mr. Gray, which were both kind and wise, Mr. Gilmore left the office with a sad and heavy heart. After all that had been done, and after looking forward to this point as the very key to success, the wise and solid men of Boston had concluded, in council, to have nothing to do with the Peace Jubilee. They concluded that such a thing could not be carried out, and closed the gates, so far as they were concerned, against any further consid¬ eration of it. The fact is these gentlemen had not the faintest conception of what the “Jubilee” was intended to be. There might be nothing too large for their comprehen¬ sion in the way of mercantile or manufacturing trans¬ actions; but when it came to Music , and upon such a scale as now proposed, they found themselves in a terra incognita. 0, how much was in the power of Mr. Gray and his friends at this moment, could they but have known it, and have once caught the inspiration! A single word from them, and the whole city, — ay, the whole coun¬ try,— would have been ablaze. Had they indorsed the idea, and recommended the merchants of the city to take the matter in hand, what an honor it would have been to them and to the city of Boston! There would have been no opposition, no doubts, no discus- 78 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. sion. The whole city and country would have looked forward with the highest anticipations to the “Na¬ tional Peace Jubilee.” And it was in the power of Mr. Gray and the gentlemen whom he called into council to have brought all this about without the slightest risk to themselves. It was an event which might happen only once in an age, — an event which, it is to he hoped, there will never be cause for again in the history of this country, — a Peace Jubilee. Was it possible, then, that old Boston had neither the heart nor the courage to accept the situation; that her ancient fame would permit this, the greatest opportu¬ nity in the history of the nation for a remarkable dem¬ onstration, to pass without placing upon her records the brightest and most harmonious page in her story? Had these gentlemen the right spirit for such a noble undertaking, they would have gone forward with it, and upon their heads and upon their hearts would have rested forever the glory, the honor, and the gratifying reflection of having carried to success the greatest movement of its kind on record. Would it not have been the proudest day in their lives to have witnessed in the capital of Massachusetts, as the result of their joint efforts, the presence of the President of the United States, the representatives of this nation and of all nations, the governors of the States, and the leading men of the country from every section,— all hailed with'the cheers and re¬ ceived with the greetings of a multitude of loyal hearts in the name of Peace and Union ? Ay, this too, when Music, with throbbing heart, stood ready to pour forth her sweetest and grandest song of praise to the great Ruler of nations, that all the children of this wide-extended land should live in peace and harmony henceforth and forever! GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 79 But why feel sorrow and regret for these gentlemen because they lost the glorious opportunity of carrying out this great and good work ? Why mourn over their loss? If they had been God’s appointed agents to do the work, they would have done it. But they had other duties to perform, for which they were eminently fitted; and it was left for others to com¬ plete what the projector had begun, and carry up the monument to their fame till it should draw the eyes of all nations, and take its place in history as the grandest work of its kind in this great age of achieve¬ ment. But without knowing by what hidden means the Divine will is often accomplished, the lone laborer in the cause felt that he was being tried almost beyond his strength, and his heart often burned with the bitterness of his disappointments. Perhaps, in his total absorption in the great idea of the Jubilee, he did not so fully recognize as he should have done the sublime fact that “ God moves in a mysterious way His wonders to perform ”; but he prayed unto Him day after day and night after night, in the fulness of his heart; and this was the burden of his prayer: If the work in which I am engaged is to result in good , God grant that I may be enabled to overcome all difficulties; bid if good is not to be the result , then from my very sold I pray that I may be defeated at every step , and that upon my head alone shall fall the weight of the disappointment. This was his prayer; but he felt conscious that he teas walking in the path of duty and doing the work of the Lord, and without a thought of ill-will towards living man he kept on, overcoming and overcoming till every obstacle to success was removed. 80 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. 0 Music, most exalting and ennobling of all the arts, and loftiest conception that ever filled the sonl of man ! Is it possible that thou art thus compelled to beg‘and pray and crave for such a hearing as would make the world marvel at thy power? Strike not a single dis¬ cord in this great struggle, sound not one false note : thy tender wail will yet bring the aid thou seekest. Remember in this hour of thy trial that thou hast a hopeful example in Religion herself, which for eighteen centuries has been forced to beg the privilege of serv¬ ing man. Be not dejected and disheartened if the unfeeling and ungenerous refuse to hear and to aid thee. The highest and holiest things, because not pushing for place or power, have often longest to stand and wait. What is truly great and good bends to no mean sceptre, but stands erect in all the majesty of its grace and excellence. Thou, 0 Music, the universal language of the soul, whose power can even “ soothe the savage breast,” shalt yet come in thy all-conquering might and take captive the hearts of men. Since the morning stars sang together thou hast been the great comforter of the sorrowing, inspirer of the brave, companion of the good, the friend of all. Into the dark fabric of the world’s history thou hast woven golden threads of joy, and rescued from oblivion many a deed of love to move men’s hearts to nobler issues. And now thou wouldst come in all thy majesty, as when on wings of heavenly light thou earnest to greet the Holy Child, and proclaim anew “Peace and Good-will ” to the stricken of our land. Mr. Gilmore felt thankful to Mr. Gray and his friends, even though they could not give him their support, — thankful for the interest he had taken in calling together a number of merchants to discuss his GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 81 plan. They decided adversely to its prosecution, or, rather, that they would have nothing to do with it, and' Mr. Gray felt it his duty to coincide with their yiews. He acted in a very friendly spirit toward the projector, and talked with sympathy and kindness. If he would only remain in this mood there was hope that he might give his aid at a later day, should others take the lead. But who shall it be ? Who will put his shoulder to the wheel now when the rep¬ resentative men of Boston have sat in council and after serious deliberation concluded that they would have nothing to do with it ? It was indeed the day of trial: the tug of war had come; he had need of all his resources; but the originator determined that the good work should go on, and go on to a suc¬ cessful end. He now thought it best to begin making prepara¬ tions for a strong public announcement of the enter¬ prise, and therefore felt that more letters, and from other than musical parties, must be secured. A more liberal distribution of circulars was now made, and musical people and musical families were day after day being put in possession of the great secret, while none but the weary worker, and those who had refused to aid him, knew that he was meeting with any serious difficulty. Though hope deferred sometimes made the heart sick, still he took new courage and struggled on. He could see a glimmer of light ahead, and pressed towards it with all his strength of will. He would be out of the woods by and by, and then how lovely would be the prospect! The projector had taken for his motto the signifi¬ cant words of General Grant, “Let us have Peace,” and had placed them at the head of his prospectus. Knowing that this was the motto of the Republican 82 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. party during the recent political campaign, he feared, from some remarks already dropped in his hearing, that its adoption would cause many persons to look upon the Jubilee as a party affair. How should he prevent such a misapprehension ? Party or politics had nothing whatever to do with it. It was purely in the interest of peace, and appealed to men of all parties for support. It was the furthest from his thought to have it in any way or manner associated with either of the great political organizations. Could he unde¬ ceive the doubting by obtaining the opinion of some high authorities in the Democratic ranks ? Who of the host of noble men of that party Avho stood by the Union faithful from first to last could he prevail upon to give his name to the work? Colonel Charles G. Greene, editor and proprietor of the Boston Post, was the man of all others who could place the matter right before the public. In the dark and trying days of the great rebellion he threw off the shackles of party and stood forth the fearless champion of his country’s cause. lie saw but one flag, the flag under which the nation had attained its marvellous growth, and which was written all over with the glory of its achievements by land and sea; and when he saw that flag he loved trampled in the dust, no wielder of the pen took higher ground for its defence than he. No one could doubt his sentiments. He belonged to the great party of the people, recruited from all ranks, who stood shoulder to shoulder through the trying crisis, none questioning his neighbor whence he came or whither he would go so long as he kept step to the music of the Union. From his stand-point no doubt Colonel Greene saw, before and during the national struggle, that grave mistakes had been made, if not actual wrongs com- I GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 83 mitted, by both sides; but it was not the time then to quarrel about who was the incendiary: the house teas on * fire , and the fire must be put out! In those dark days of doubt and disaster, when the fate of the nation was trembling in the balance, there is no knowing what sad scenes might have been witnessed, even in this law-abiding community, where reason itself was some¬ times blind and law almost powerless, were it not for the power of persuasion such men as he possessed. They poured their eloquent words upon the troubled waters, and they were stilled ; they said to Rebellion, Thus far shalt thou go, but no farther: here thy proud waves shall be stayed. In those dark, dark days of trial, when some seemed to falter, Colonel Greene’s ad^ vice was, " Forward ! risk all, lose all if need be ”; and with true Jacksonian firmness declared, “ The Union, it must and it shall be preserved! ” All honor to him for the noble, independent course he pursued! The wisdom of his counsel to his hundred thousand daily readers wrought its good work at home, where brave blows were struck for the cause as well as in the field. One stroke of his pen would satisfy every Democrat in the land that “ Let us have Peace ” was placed at the head of the prospectus from no sinister motive, but simply because it expressed the very idea of the Jubilee. With the hope of obtaining from Colonel Greene a letter of indorsement, therefore, Mr. Gilmore sought the editorial rooms of the Post. The Colonel being absent, he presented himself to his representative,—as true a gentleman as ever filled the editorial chair. He had already heard Avhisperings con¬ cerning the movement, he said; and upon learning the present object of Mr. Gilmore’s visit, he thought there could be no doubt the Colonel would willingly com¬ ply with his request With this gratifying prospect as 84 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. tlie result of the interview, and with thanks for the kindness shown him, the visitor retired. Time was flying. It was already the day before" Christmas, and not one solitary dollar had yet' been obtained towards an enterprise that would cost hun¬ dreds of thousands to carry it through. In the course of his perambulations during the day kind fortune brought the projector into the presence of the generous-hearted Josiah Bardwell, Esq., of the firm of Francis Skinner & Co. Mr. Bardwell had al¬ ready received a prospectus, and the magnitude of the scheme just suited his broad views. He had caught the inspiration; the idea of such a festival was none too large for him! “ Look here, Gilmore,” said he, “ it will be rather a heavy job for you to go round looking up hundred- dollar subscribers to help you carry out this great con¬ cert of yours. I know what you want. You want a few to start you off with say a thousand dollars apiece. How is that ? ” “ By Jove, Mr. Bardwell, give me your hand ! that’s just the kind of music I want to hear! ” “Well,” said he, “you go ahead. You ’re all right. Stick right to it, and you ’ll carry it through. Count on me for five thousand dollars. I ’ll get you. five names for a thousand dollars each; if I don’t, why, I am good for that amount myself.” “Well,” said the projector, when he found himself alone, “there, what shall I do?—scream, hurrah, or go crazy ? Can I stand such an unexpected stroke of good fortune as this, after so many bitter rebuffs and heart-breaking trials and troubles ? God bless you, Mr. Bardwell! May you spend many and many as merry Christmases as the one which is insured to me to-morrow through your kindness and liberality! ” GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 85 As these words of Mr. Bardwell were the first of real, substantial encouragement the writer had heard from the outset, it seemed as if a new and beautiful world had suddenly dawned upon him; and the Christ¬ mas day following was indeed one of the happiest of his life. Christmas over, the most active and energetic prep¬ arations were made to bring the design before the public; and just at this time, and as an additional encouragement to go on, the following letter from another distinguished musician, Mr. Charles Koppitz, was received. Boston, December 28 , 1868 . P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — With astonishment and delight I read the pro¬ gramme of the gigantic Musical Festival you propose shall take place in this city in June next. If your idea is carried out it will produce effects so grand and sublime as to be without a parallel in the annals of the musical world. Not alone Boston, but the whole of the United States, will have reason to feel proud of the grand Peace Festival, and I am sure that every one who has but a spark of music in his soul will aid in mak¬ ing it as great a success as you can desire. If I can be of any service I shall be proud to assist you to the best of my humble ability. I remain truly yours, C. KOPPITZ. Mr. Gilmore now went the rounds of the press again, and asked the editors to make such mysterious allu¬ sions to the coming event as they saw fit, without giv¬ ing any material facts. It was necessary to awaken curiosity, and set the public inquiring about the great mystery. Far better to excite expectation to the highest pitch in anticipation of an undertaking such as this than to surprise the public with a sudden expose of a great design for which it is unprepared, 86 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. and might not be able to appreciate when presented without warning. The announcement of any such astounding features as those proposed for the u great concert,” without first having paved the way by mys¬ terious allusions to some grand event that was about to transpire, would probably have caused the whole community, after glancing at the astounding head¬ lines, to ejaculate in a derisive tone, like the learned man in New York, “ Wonderful!” and “ Beautiful! ” and then dismiss the subject forever; for even with all the warnings and intimations that had been thrown out, and the indorsements procured to create a sound and sensible impression in favor of the plan, it took some time to convince the public that the projector was really “ in his right mind ” ; that he was really serious, and his grand programme was not a huge joke or a monstrous burlesque. So upon the 30th of December he gave the order to advance, but to feel the way cautiously. The next morning the pickets commenced firing all along the line; and created no little alarm among the quiet burghers of the good old city. What was the great mystery ? Could anybody tell ? The fol¬ lowing are some of the items that appeared in the papers of that day : —. From the Boston Journal. The musical fraternity, and those interested in music, are in¬ tensely excited over an event which is to take place in this city next summer. It will be the grandest reunion of instrumental performers, and the largest chorus ever known in the musical annals of this or any other country. From the Boston Daily Advertiser. It is rumored about town that Boston is to be the scene of an event the coming season such as never before occurred in her history, — an event the magnitude of which is quite startling, and will doubtless excite the attention and admiration of the GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 87 whole country, and the wonder of the Old World. The coming event has already cast its shadow before, but we are not yet at liberty to disclose its nature or its objects, or the auspices under which it is to be conducted. It may be proper to say, however, that its object is praiseworthy, its nature harmonious, and the motto of its originator, “ Let us have Peace.” From the Boston Post. “Things are working.” Boston will open its eyes before long at the news of a magnificent project. Meanwhile the musical community is in a high ferment of expectation and gratification, and so are the few who are posted. From the Boston Herald. “Immense.” One of the most gigantic musical schemes in the world’s history is brewing in Boston with the most encouraging prospects of successful accomplishment. The occurrence of the contemplated event will mark a memorable epoch in the history of America. From the Boston Transcript. “Let us have Peace.” The morning papers have hinted at a gigantic musical demonstration to take place in Boston the com¬ ing summer. We notify our readers to be prepared for the full particulars of the grandest affair of the kind that has ever taken place in any country. The management is in good hands, and the enterprise has been indorsed by a large number of prominent and influential citizens. From the Boston Traveller. The grandest musical fete that has ever been prepared to lift and swell the soul of man with harmony will probably take place in this city the coming summer. The public cannot imagine the great proportions of this magnificent undertaking, nor cannot anticipate too much. Look out for particulars ! On the very clay that these mysterious hints ap¬ peared Mr. Gilmore was frequently asked if he knew anything about the great musical affair to which the papers alluded. His answers were generally non-com¬ mittal, but in some instances he relieved the curiosity of personal friends and acquaintances by presenting 88 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. them with an envelope containing the prospectus, which was eagerly examined. In the mean time he waited upon Mr. M. M. Ballou, proprietor of one of the handsomest, most popular, and best-regulated hotels in America, the St. James of Boston. It was not then anticipated that this gentle¬ man would become one of the most powerful helpers of the Jubilee; but to a great extent it was, through his energy, influence, and personal supervision, made so great a success. As the noble part which he per¬ formed in connection with the festival will appear in its proper place, it is sufficient to say here that Mr. Ballou received his visitor with that urbanity of man¬ ner which mark him as the true American gentleman. After a recital of the proposed plan, Mr. Ballou re¬ marked: “Well, Mr. Gilmore, this is all strange news to me; and although I am quite favorably impressed with your statement, yet I scarcely know what to say to you now. You may, however, rely upon my doing my part in the matter, and whatever aid or encourage¬ ment other gentlemen, whom you are going to see, may think proper to give you, depend upon it mine will be none the less.” The result was that, a day or two after, Mr. Ballou headed a subscription-list with the sum of one thou¬ sand dollars. With this generous donation to aid his cause Mr. Gil¬ more began to think there were, after all, some gen¬ tlemen of substance in Boston who had the backbone to encourage enterprise. All honor to Mr. Ballou and the other large-hearted capitalists who do not stint the oil to keep the lamps of Progress trimmed and burn¬ ing ! The good name of Boston is safe in their hands. This is not the place nor the time to speak of those who help or hinder the growth and prosperity of Bos- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 89 ton. The projector of the Festival is meeting with such great encouragement from those who mean the old Puritan city shall hold her proud place in history that he feels in too cheerful a mood to look back upon the dark path he has travelled with so much pain. He is now on his way to the house of Mr. Ditson to lay his plans more fully before him, according, to previous appointment. It may be readily imagined that a gentleman hold¬ ing his position as a leading music-publisher must have been bored times without number by urgent calls to subscribe to this, that, and the other musical project. The writer was well aware of Mr. Ditson’s liberality, and knew also that he was ever ready to hulp those who were trying to help themselves. His great experience was a sure guaranty that he would come to a safe conclusion in judging of the pros¬ pects of Mr. Gilmore’s musical enterprise. Mr. Ditson examined the prospectus thoroughly, and went over the whole ground carefully. He saw, as perhaps few others could see them, the great difficulties to be surmounted, for he viewed the matter from a musical as well as from a financial stand-point, and wanted to satisfy himself that success could be achieved in both respects. After a critical examination of the whole field, he expressed himself much pleased with the care and con¬ sideration bestowed upon every point in the plan, and he found the originator so thoroughly versed in the best way to carry out each feature he had proposed, and withal so positively confident of a great triumph in the end, that all his doubts of the feasibility and finally successful accomplishment of the undertaking were put to rest. Accompanying his subscription of one thousand dollars was the following terse and val- 90 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. uable letter. Mr. Ditson, as will be seen hereafter, more than fulfilled his promises by devoting his time, energies, and influence to the successful working out of the enterprise. Boston, January 1, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — Having listened attentively to the details of your “ Great National Peace Jubilee,” I give it my warm and hearty approval, and will do all in my power to aid in its suc¬ cessful culmination. Yours very truly, OLIVER DITSON. The projector’s earnest interest in his project at this time, and close application to the business of it, broke in sadly upon his usual regular habits of living; lie was, indeed, so much absorbed with the “ one idea ” that he almost forgot the body needed rest or nourish¬ ment, — a neglect which shortly after brought him to the very borders of the shadowy land. However, upon one of the most exciting days of his canvass, feeling somewhat exhausted about the hour when nature calls for attention to the inner man, the projector, remembering the invitation of a kind friend to dine with him at the Parker House, was elbowing his way through the busy throng who patronize that popular establishment. In passing by the crowded tables in search of his friend some one called, u Mr. Gilmore.” Turning he saw at his elbow Mr. Henry Mason, of the firm of Mason and Hamlin, the cele¬ brated cabinet-organ manufacturers. “ Ah ! Mr. Mason. How do you do ? ” “ Sit down,” said Mr. Mason, u and join me in some dinner. I have just ordered a few choice dishes.” “ I regret I must deny myself the pleasure,” was the reply, “ having engaged to dine with a friend, who GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 91 I see is awaiting me. I must report myself immedi¬ ately, for I am already behind time.” “ Hold on a moment,” said Mr. Mason. “ Let me ask you a question. What is this great musical affair the papers are speaking of? Do you know anything about it?” “Well, yes, I do,” replied Mr. Gilmore, just as the waiter brought on the soup. “Here is a prospectus that may give you some idea of the thing, which you can read at your leisure. Good day.” The guest now joined his host. Mr. Mason, who was still in view, unfolded the handsomely printed pages of the prospectus, and placed them in such a position as to have them before him while attending to the more substantial feast. He was just raising a spoonful of soup when probably “ Great National Peace Jubilee” met his eye and caused him to hesitate for a moment, the spoon slowly dropping to the plate again without having fulfilled its mission. It seemed to the observer that Mr. Mason was mentally ques¬ tioning: “Soup first and Jubilee after, or soup and Jubilee together, — which shall it be ? ” It turned out to be Jubilee first, and Jubilee only, for he gave his whole attention to the prospectus. The steam from the soup had somewhat abated just as Mr. Mason reached the end of the first page ; as he commenced reading the second the waiter placed before him sev¬ eral dainty luxuries. He still continued reading with the most earnest interest while the rich vapor from the neglected soup and other dishes “wasted their sweetness on the dessert air.” So interested had he become that he had forgotten all about his choice dinner, now cold and untouched before him. Just as the last words passed under his eye he raised his head quickly, and looked eagerly around 92 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. as if searching for somebody or something. His eyes falling upon the projector, the latter was somewhat surprised to see Mr. Mason hurrying in his direc¬ tion. “Mr. Gilmore,” said he, “let me hasten to congratu¬ late you with all my heart upon this magnificent idea; and, furthermore, let me ask you to place the firm of Mason and Hamlin upon your subscription-list for the sum of one thousand dollars. This is one of the grand¬ est musical projects I have ever heard proposed, and it must be supported.” In his haste to express his thanks for this unex¬ pected generosity, the food which the projector had just taken “ went down the wrong way,” and nearly choked him; and as he gazed fixedly at Mr. Mason, with eyes full of tears, and unable to utter a word, the latter, taking it for overwhelming surprise, patted him heartily upon the back to give greater emphasis to his words, which had the effect of saving the bewil¬ dered festivalist from being strangled upon the spot! The instant that relief came, — and it came instantly, — Mr. Gilmore was on his feet, and warmly expressed his gratitude for the generous contribution so timely proffered. After a further exchange of friendly sentiments Mr. Mason returned to his table, and was overheard lec¬ turing the waiter severely for imposing cold dishes upon him, probably forgetting that he had been ab¬ sent in the spirit though present in the body while examining the time-absorbing prospectus. The projector’s friend, who was called away just before Mr. Mason came over to his table, now heartily enjoyed the story of the latter having become so in¬ terested in the programme as to forget his dinner, and more heartily still the almost fatal end of his GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 93 companion from being surprised at a critical moment by an unexpected thousand dollars. The conversation now turned upon the high order of talent developed by the Mason family, particularly by Lowell Mason, who may justly be called the father of church music and congregational singing in Amer¬ ica, and by his son William Mason, the eminent pianist and composer, — Henry being a worthy scion of the good old stock. They are eminent in music as the Beechers are in literature, — both highly dis¬ tinguished families, and destined to leave a name famous in history. No doubt Mr. Mason thinks and speaks to this day of the wild look the projector gave him when he subscribed a thousand dollars to the Jubilee, — which indeed did surprise him at the time, but the wildness of the gaze was caused by a different sensation, — as painful as it was ludicrous. But Mr. Mason deserves the thanks of the writer, not for almost choking him with his thousand-dollar subscription, but for coming so opportunely to the rescue with his substantial and emphatic indorsement at the very moment that the “great idea” and its author were both struggling for existence. After dinner Mr. Gilmore stepped behind the desk of Mr. Mills (Mr. Parker’s partner) to inform him of his good fortune, and related the incident which came so near stopping his musical career; when he, too, upon hearing the particulars of the proposed festival, still more surprised his guest by putting the name of Parker and Mills upon the list for another thousand dollars! No man ever left that house with a fuller sense of its good cheer! His table had indeed been bounti¬ fully spread, and his feast substantial in more ways 94 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. than one. The golden fruits of the Hesperides could not have afforded so rich a repast as those generous gifts of his friends. Another volley from the press increased the public curiosity. “ What’s up ? ” began to be asked. “ What extraordinary musical treat are we going to have now ? ” The following extracts from the dailies of the 2d of January will show how the thing was working. From the Boston Advertiser. Our good city of Boston has always had the faculty of doing a great many notable things. Her “ notions ” are sometimes ridi¬ culed, but when carried out are generally found to be not only practical, but worthy of imitation. Boston ideas, through the ex¬ position of tongue or pen, are received and welcomed throughout the country, and whether enlisted in literature, art, music, or the drama, are always recognized as a potent element. Her devotion to music is earnest and discriminating, and is abundantly exem¬ plified by the organization and support of such musical societies and associations, both vocal and instrumental, as would be a credit to any city or country. It is not, however, our purpose at the present time to eulogize Boston or her peculiar institutions, but to announce an approach¬ ing musical event of such magnitude as might well excite incre¬ dulity or derision, rather than surprise, if its practicability were not capable of ready demonstration. The general plan of the entertainment proposed, which is already matured, will soon be given to the public. The minor details have all been duly considered, and the time fixed, suffi¬ ciently remote, however, to enable the large amount of prepara¬ tory labor to be accomplished and the most favorable season of the year to be enjoyed. All that is wanted is the interest and co-op¬ eration of the whole country to make the occasion such a glorious festival as the world never saw before. The idea is hailed with enthusiasm by those to whose charge is committed the task of carrying it out, and all doubts of its practicability quickly vanish before the facts and figures of its energetic projector. The unex¬ pectedly liberal support which the project has received wherever its details have been made known indicates its complete success, and its success indicates an entertainment and an exhibition of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 95 / such vastness, and results of so much consequence, as to deserve the hearty support and sincere good-wishes of all. No discord¬ ant elements will find a place in the programme, but the great seal of harmony affixed by twenty thousand voices and a thou¬ sand instruments will reanimate the spirit of the gospel utter¬ ance, — Peace on earth, good-will to men. From the Boston Transcript. The full particulars of the great musical demonstration which is contemplated in our city in June will be given to the public next week. Look out for a programme of unparalleled magni¬ tude. From the Saturday Evening Gazette. ' The man who has no music in himself, and is not moved with concord of sweet sounds, will soon find Boston a poor abiding- place, if what the white-winged dove of peace whispers us be true. The air is freighted with a busy hum of preparation that will culminate in a burst of harmony that will astonish some of those cities who think the "Hub” old-fogyish and behind the times. From the Sunday Morning Courier. Harmony for the Nation. — In all probability, before we issue another edition the citizens of Boston and the people of the whole country will be informed of the particulars of the great¬ est musical event that has ever been proposed for human ear to listen to. Boston is the city selected for its location, and we are satisfied that Boston, and every city and citizen of this great Republic, will say success to the enterprise. The preceding notice recalls a somewhat ludicrous incident connected with its appearance. Fatigued and unwell, the projector had sought repose after a day of great activity. Hour after hour dragged on, yet he could not sleep. Orpheus held up the charming picture, upon which he gazed with weary delight, while Morpheus vainly tried to take him into dream-land. Thus the night was passing, when about two o’clock he suddenly remembered that, in conversation with 96 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. an editor of the Courier the evening previous, he had given him a copy of the prospectus without particu¬ larly enjoining him to keep the facts from the public until all arrangements were complete. What, thought the wakeful watcher, if the Courier should come out in the morning with a premature announcement of the whole story! The entire press would look upon it as a breach of faith, it having been arranged that the announcement should be made simultaneously by all the daily papers when everything was ready. Such an untoward accident would upset the whole plan. He tried in vain to drive away the thought, but it would not leave him. At length becoming very uneasy, and feeling it his duty to go and prevent such a mishap, he arose quietly, without disturbing the one beside him in the room, and began dressing noiselessly by the ghostly gas-light that flickered through the window- blinds from the street-lamps. When he was about leav¬ ing, the other occupant of the room, suddenly awaking from a sound sleep, and seeing some one cautiously moving about, asked, excitedly, “ Who’s that ? ” “ Don’t be alarmed ; it is I! ” “You! For Heaven’s sake, what is the matter? Where are you going at this time of night ? ” • “ Don’t be alarmed ; it’s all right,” was the reply. “Don’t be alarmed! What’s all right? 1 know! It ’s this Peace Jubilee! I always feared it would break up your peace, now I see it! Tell me, what are you doing? where on earth are you going?” “ It’s all right; don’t be excited. Listen, and I will tell you! ” “ Listen ? How can I listen ? Are you crazy, getting out of bed and dressing at this time of night? 0, why did this idea ever enter your head ? I wish it had never been thought of! ” GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 97 “ Hush, hush ! Keep cool! I will tell you all about it.” “ All about what ? I know all I want to know about it! I have heard nothing else the last twelve months ! What are you up for ? Where are you going ? ” “ Well, permit me to tell you that I am going down town upon important business, which I must attend to, and — ” “Down town upon important business at this hour of the night! What important business ? I believe you are dreaming and walking in your sleep! ” And upon this the victim of an idea received a shaking which convulsed him with laughter. Satisfied at last that he was awake and in his right mind, his gentle — shall he say ? — assailant suffered him to tell his story just as it was; and after hearing it, it was admitted that he had some cause for uneasiness, and might as well go and satisfy himself about the matter. The clock struck Three as he closed the outer door and plunged into the drifting snow to wade his way to the Courier office, a good mile distant. Already suffering from a severe cold, for which he had taken a sudorific that caused him to perspire freely, the icy air soon chilled him to the bone ; but he was deter¬ mined to get up a counteraction by dashing along at a rapid pace, as if on an errand of mercy, and he very soon threw off the chilly feeling. After proceeding about half-way, a window was suddenly thrown up just over his head, and a woman in her nightdress leaned out screaming at the top of her voice, “ Murder! mur¬ der ! Watch! murder! ” This was a fearful cry to hear at the dead of night. He was evidently in a bad neighborhood. What should he do ? Should he go to the rescue and endeavor to' get up a Peace Jubilee among the contestants? If 7 98 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. he did he might be too late to hush up the other scream for a Peace Jubilee which the wheel of Jug¬ gernaut might already be pressing out. He had scarce¬ ly thought what to do when the alarming sound of* a watchman’s rattle decided him to make tracks as quickly as possible, else he might get unpleasantly mixed up in the affair. Redoubling his pace he had proceeded only a few steps when he was suddenly con¬ fronted by a burly guard of the night, who ordered him to “ Hold on there! ” and give information as to where that cry of “ Murder! ” came from. To be arrested in the act of escaping from a house just set on fire is bad enough, but to be grappled when apparently fleeing from a house whence the cry of “ Murder! ” proceeds is a frightful predicament to be caught in. The sturdy official evidently felt that u he had his man,” and cross-questioned him in a manner that brought visions of dark cells and tight-rope exhi¬ bitions unpleasantly before his mind. After listening to a sort of mystified explanation of the peculiar mis¬ sion which caused the jubilator’s appearance there at that unseasonable hour, the wily detective concluded it was “ too much of a story for him; ‘ he did n’t see it ’; there must be something wrong somewhere, and he was n’t going to let any man go who talked that kind of nonsense until he knew what was up.” With every prospect of being immediately marched off to the lock-up, charged with some horrid crime, the avant Courier of peace and harmony was making a last frantic appeal for release, when fortunately another panting guardian put in his appearance, who, knowing the writer well, caused him upon his own recognizance to be set free, and he went “ on his way rejoicing.” As the released man hastened upon his errand he could not help thinking that awful charges are some- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 99 times made against innocent persons; what if some foul murder were actually committed, and he — being the only one found in the vicinity, and caught in the very act of running away — should be charged with the dark deed! Would it not be a terrible thing? The consequences would be disastrous to him and his cause. Well, he consoled himself with the reflection that he might escape with imprisonment for life upon the plea of insanity; the whole community would doubtless indorse that sentence after having been made acquainted with the great idea with which he expected to astonish all creation. It was nearly four o’clock when he reached the Courier office, which was closed; but feeling his way up the winding stairs that led to the compositors’ room, he found there the very gentleman to whom he had given the prospectus the evening before. “ Ah, Mr. Gilmore,” said he, “ this is an early hour for you to be out Sunday morning.” “Yes,” said the latter, “I am anxious to see what you have said about the Jubilee.” “Well, not a great deal; we understood that you only wished us to give a strong hint of the affair. Here it is,” said he, pointing to an item in the “form,” which was just ready for the press. As Mr. Gilmore leaned over and read the notice which pre¬ cedes this episode, he felt himself condemned for hav¬ ing entertained the thought that the Courier, which had always been so friendly, should even inadvertently let slip a word to injure his cause. For special reasons he took another route on his way home, where he arrived “ way-worn and weary,” and lay down to think of “ The same old story over again, At five o’clock in the morning.” 100 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. But the narrative of the progress of the Peace Ju¬ bilee should not be interrupted by recitals of midnight brawls or family jars, so to our story again. A few days had passed since the writer had visited the editorial rooms of the Boston Post to obtain a letter from Colonel Greene to quiet certain misappre¬ hensions. It was time to call and see if the letter had been written; and upon this errand he again entered that establishment, and found the Colonel himself in the chair editorial. “ Sit down, Mr. Gilmore,” said he. “ My son gave me your prospectus, and I am much pleased with your idea.” “ I am very glad to hear it, Colonel,” responded the visitor. “ You desire to have an indorsement of your plan in the form of a letter from me ? ” “ Yes, sir,” was the reply. “ I have written something which may answer your purpose. Perhaps I had better read it for you, to see if it is what you require,” said the Colonel, opening it and reading the following eloquent letter: — Office of the Post, Boston, 1st January, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — Miriam’s songs, after the passage of the Red Sea, were not a more appropriate rejoicing than would be a National Musical Jubilee in commemoration of the passage of our country over the Red Sea of civil strife. It is emphatically a National Jubilee you propose, in which every American, North and South, East and West, can cordially unite with heart and soul in offering thanks, as angels do praise, that deadly strife has ceased, that kindness has supplanted animosity, con¬ cord dissension, and that we are all once more equally devoted to that Constitutional Government which promises impartial protection to every being within the broad scope of its acknowl- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 101 A. edged authority. In this offering there is to be heard no jar¬ ring note, no sound of reproach for the past, but a mighty peo¬ ple are to unite in a grand anthem of gratitude to God for the release he has granted his children from those passions which, like demons, were rending them. The conception is sublime, fraught with a holy purpose, and calculated to bring into sweet harmony sentiments and aspirations truly American. May the whole country, my dear sir, correctly appreciate your noble efforts, and reward them with a success that will distinguish you as a public benefactor. With kind regards, Your obedient servant, CHARLES G. GREENE. % No language can express the feelings of gratifica¬ tion, of rapture, with which the projector listened to the reading of this inspiriting letter. He would not have valued a subscription of twenty thousand dollars to his cause, even in its darkest hours, as highly as he did this eloquent indorsement of his plan. It seemed to him as if the sentiments it embodied flowed directly from the nation’s heart, and were inspired by the purest patriotism. It was, it is indeed, a national let¬ ter, and will ever be treasured by him for whom it was written as containing the loftiest expression of statesmanlike feeling that could have sprung from the ‘brain of any man of the time. Speak not of party or politics to one who can write such a letter! He towers above all such petty considerations as the Alps tower above the Pyramids, and his name will be as enduring in history as these great works of nature and man. If he will take office, give him the highest in the land, for he will do it honor. But place him where you will in the body politic, he will be as a light to the feet and a guide to the mind. The ruling power of the nation, the unshackled press, well may point to him with pride, and say, “ He belongs to 102 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. us.” Ay, and while such men belong to the press it will be the ruling power, leading men into higher and nobler ways of thought and action, and demonstrating that “ the pen is mightier than the sword.” Good by, my dear sir; may the sweetest of music gladden your heart in all your walks and ways in this world of fleeting joys; and when you depart from it, may the song of the seraphim greet you in your upward flight and fill your soul with everlasting bliss ! The press still continued to throw out significant hints that set all the community inquiring for par¬ ticulars, thus preparing the public mind for the full announcement. The journals of January 4tli con¬ tained such passages as these : — From the Boston Journal. During the present week we shall be able to lay before our read¬ ers the details of the musical event which has been alluded to by the press. We are quite sure that the magnitude of the enter¬ prise will at first surprise and then elicit the support of every lover of music in New England. From the Boston Advertiser. We are authorized to announce that full particulars of the great musical festival will be made public next Wednesday morning. In the mean time there is no danger that the public expectation will be raised too high. From the Boston Post. What is it? — Everybody is inquiring what the great musical event is to be, — and where ? We are glad to state that the par¬ ticulars will be given to the public on Wednesday. It is certain to be the most stupendous and complete undertaking that has ever taken place. Stand from under! Which the papers of the next day followed up with this further instalment: — GBEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 103 From tlie Boston Traveller. We shall have a few words to say to-morrow on the forthcoming musical event, the magnitude of which will be certain to startle the community. From the Boston Transcript. The programme of the contemplated musical festival to be held in Boston in June will be published to-morrow. It is expected that President Grant will arrange his Eastern tour so as to attend this National Peace Jubilee. From the Boston Post. A Musical Peace Festival. — Boston is to be the scene of a grand Musical Festival next June, to be held in commemoration of the return of peace to the country. An array of talent will be presented without a parallel in any similar combination yet pre¬ sented to the American people. The idea is to give the largest, freest, most eloquent expression to the sentiment of the hour of which an immense concourse of delighted people, the speech of gifted men, and the harmonies of music are all together capable. The execution of such a plan, in the true spirit of its happy con¬ ception, will make 1869 an Annus Mirabilis, and long distinguish the city that enthusiastically lends itself to so fitting a popular ceremonial. The advent of peace to a great nation, after having been for years rent by feuds and wounded by war, certainly de¬ serves all the manifestations of a grateful joy with which it must inspire every heart. To what instrument of expression do hearts thus moved turn with such readiness as to music, with its paeans of triumph, its patriotic melodies, its cadences of sorrow for the noble dead, its swelling strains of hope, and its diffusing influen¬ ces of revived and renewed fraternity ? While securing valuable letters and indorsements, it was still necessary to keep strengthening the pecu¬ niary foundation of the enterprise. Though letters from leading men and high officials were next in importance, yet the only sure foundation on which the “ Temple of Peace ” could be reared was money! Who would subscribe another thousand dollars? The projector had a sort of presentiment that the 104 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. firm of Chickering and Sons, the world-renowned piano-forte manufacturers, would be sure to take a prominent part in aiding his musical scheme. Their contributions, either in money or of one of their mag¬ nificent instruments, are never withheld from any worthy enterprise. Turning this over in his mind, the missionary di¬ rected his footsteps towards the office of the late Colo¬ nel Thomas E. Chickering, a whole-souled member of that flourishing house. After explaining to him the mystery to which the papers were alluding, and showing the progress al¬ ready made, he saw the matter in the right light, and without hesitation joined the advance guard by placing the firm of Chickering and Sons upon the list for the sum of one thousand dollars. This success encouraged the fortunate solicitor to make an effort in another direction. He knew Mr. Frank Wrisley, one of the proprietors of the long-estab¬ lished and well-known Tremont and Revere Houses. He is always liberal; why not give him a call ? “I ’ll try him, anyhow,” said Mr. Gilmore, stepping into the office of the Tremont House. “ Mr. Wrisley,” said the Jubilee enthusiast, “ I have not called to pay you the few hundred dollars for which you hold me responsible” (Mr. Gilmore had be¬ come responsible for the board of some artists whom he desired to aid, and was afterwards obliged to pay their bills); “ we will settle that some other time ; but I have called to ask you to subscribe to a musical enter¬ prise of formidable proportions. Here is the prospec¬ tus. Give it a glance, if you have not time to read it through, and permit me to suggest that you contribute a thousand dollars in aid of the undertaking.” “ Quite a modest figure,” pleasantly replied Mr. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 105 Wrisley; “but as I would prefer to consult with my partners first, you may leave the prospectus and drop in again for an answer.” The result was what might have been expected of these liberal and enterprising gentlemen. Messrs. Wrisley, Wetherbee, & Co. subscribed one thousand dollars. Having struck this rich vein, — altogether too rich to last long, — the projector would have continued working it but for its sudden exhaustion. If there were any more big nuggets they were not to be found just then. The thousand-dollar contributions were becoming like angels’ visits, few and far be¬ tween. Therefore he turned his attention to gentle¬ men of “letters” again, as the public were becoming extremely anxious to have the mystery cleared up. The mayor of a city stands as the representative of the thousands, or the tens or hundreds of thousands, who may place him in the municipal chair. It is his duty not only to execute the laws, but to propose measures of public utility from time to time, and lead in all great enterprises that may redound to the pros¬ perity of the municipality. It is a proud position to occupy, particularly in such a city as Boston, where its social refinement, and the advanced condition of all that is elevating and ennobling in art and lit¬ erature and science, would necessarily demand that none but gentlemen of the highest ability and accom¬ plishments should be called to fill the chief executive office. Fortunately for Boston the occupants of this office have generally been men of the right stamp, who did honor to themselves and to the city; and at this time she was represented by one of her noblest sons, the Hon. Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, a lineal descendant of 106 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the Pilgrim Fathers who first set foot on Plymouth Rock. From the date of their landing from the Mayflower up to the present day, nothing had taken place in the musical history of the land, or in the way of a national or any other celebration, that would so indelibly mark the era of its occurrence as the proposed Jubilee. It would be one of the things to be remembered in all coming time, — one of the “ Boston notions ” that would distinguish her above all other cities. For this reason it was thought that those who held high office in the city and State would not withhold such assistance as they might be able to render, when they considered the fact that so remarkable an event would ever remain associated with the period of their respective administrations. With these impressions the writer called at the Mayor’s office in the City Hall, and upon being ush¬ ered into the presence of his Honor, the plan was laid before him. He read and he questioned; he looked and he lis¬ tened ; and there is no doubt whatever that he was not only surprised, but astonished. There was no time to be lost, and Mr. Gilmore made the most respectful but persistent efforts to obtain a letter of approval on the spot. But the prudent Mayor of Boston was in no hurry to sign a document in favor of an undertaking that proposed to set the whole nation singing “Hail Columbia! ” without knowing the why and the where¬ fore. He liked the idea very much; appreciated the necessity for immediate action; would study the pro¬ spectus, and give his opinion at the earliest possible moment. The following beautiful letter was the result of his reflections: — GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 107 Mayor’s Office,-City Hall, Boston, January 2, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — The plan which you have originated for a great National Peace Jubilee to be held in this city during the com¬ ing summer, after mature deliberation, strikes me most favor¬ ably. Our dear oountry, which of late has suffered so much from the saddening effects of domestic strife, ought to rejoice most fervently in the delightful thought of peace and the restoration of our ancient harmony and friendships to all the sons of our glorious Union. This celebration, if carried out in the manner which you represent, — and of that I have no doubt, — will strike the most harmonious chord of human nature, even of those who, like myself, have no pretensions to a knowledge of the divine science of Music. In your well-devised and extraordinary undertaking you have my best wishes for success, and the fullest assurance of my most hearty co-operation. Very respectfully yours, NATHANIEL B. SHURTLEFF. Was there any other gentleman whose written ap¬ proval would increase the force of the fact that the Peace Jubilee idea deserved support, and was worthy of even the nation’s recognition ? After some consideration the projector saw that, having obtained the indorsement of one of the most honored and brilliant leaders of one political party, Colonel Charles G. Greene, it would be highly neces¬ sary to procure the indorsement of a leader in the other party of equally distinguished ability and in¬ fluence. Who was the man ? He thought of many who had done yeoman service by voice and pen during the late conflict, and whose advocacy of his cause would give it great strength. But there was one to whom loyalty and patriotism pointed as possessing more of the quali¬ ties of a statesman and successful man of business than 108 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. any one he knew, — and that man was the Hon. Alex¬ ander II. Rice, late member of Congress. His elo¬ quence in the national legislature had drawn all ears and fired all hearts with his noble enthusiasm in the cause of freedom and union in the gloomy days pre¬ ceding the rebellion, and throughout the great strug¬ gle he had been among the foremost in sustaining the government. He was calm and dignified in the hour of debate. When the hot words of others were scorching the air like flying missiles of hate, his words of wisdom turned back the dark waves of pas¬ sion into the steady current of Christian patriotism. He was patient and forbearing until forbearance ceased to be a virtue; but when the flood-gates of his soul were opened his powerful eloquence swept away every opposing obstacle. He rose with the occasion, was the man for the hour. A truly loyal, brave, and uncom¬ promising defender of the nation against every foe within or without that dare assail it. To secure the good-will of Mr. Rice, therefore, was the present duty of the projector; and calling at his office he found him quietly seated reading the Con¬ gressional doings of the day. From the hints already thrown out by the press, and from general rumor, Mr. Rice, with his far-reach¬ ing and comprehensive foresight, already felt that some very important event was about dawning upon Boston and the country; and when he saw the mu¬ sical man enter his office he felt that the bearer of despatches in relation to the “ great mystery ” had arrived. With his intuitive perception it did not take Mr. Rice long to comprehend the character, the object, and the magnitude of the proposed Peace Festival. After a careful reading of the prospectus he expressed GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 109 the warmest approval of the idea, and asked its author to remain for his written opinion. The following letter bears the impress of his clear mind, and proved to be one of the strongest supports with which the projector could have fortified his po¬ sition : — Boston, January 4, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. My dear Sir, — I have been much interested in learning the particulars of the Grand Musical Peace Festival, originated and proposed by you, to take place in this city in June next. Of your ability to bring it to a successful consummation, if properly supported, I have no doubt whatever; and if carried out on the scale upon which it has been projected, it will be one of the grandest public entertainments possible, and one of the sublimest musical festivals of any age or country. Nothing could more fitly inaugurate that era of peace and national harmony which we hope may hereafter prevail, than the great combination of instruments and the grand chorus of twenty thousand voices which you propose, joined with the chiming of festal bells, and the merry salvos of that artillery which was but lately so terrible in our fraternal strife. The occasion would be one of national and historic impor¬ tance ; and I heartily wish you the complete success which alone can reward your enterprise and perseverance in so vast and unique an undertaking. I am, dear sir, Yery truly your friend, ALEXANDER H. RICE. While Mr. Rice was writing the above strong and stirring letter it never occurred to him that he would, at a later day, be called upon to fill the most prominent position in connection with the enterprise, — that of President of the National Peace Jubilee Association, — and also to perform a most important part in the programme of exercises, that of delivering the address upon the restoration of the Union and the blessings 110 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. of Peace throughout the land. In each position he acquitted himself not only to the great satisfaction of liis audience and all concerned, but in such man¬ ner as to bring honor upon himself and the occasion, upon the city of Boston and the whole country. The record of his labors and his success in these respon¬ sible positions in connection with the Jubilee will ap¬ pear hereafter. Oh! what was to be done ? Mr. Gilmore had heard that some of the enterprising correspondents of the New York press were in possession of all the facts of the Jubilee, that the news would be out in New York before it w T as announced in Boston, and perhaps those terrible editors would blow the whole thing sky high. He remembered that he had once very narrowly es¬ caped being heralded as a lunatic in New York, while making an effort to have the Peace Jubilee take place in that city. Ever since then he had kept a sharp eye upon the “ Gothamites ” ; and now, while he was preparing a broadside that would make their ears ring, he wished to avoid any premature explosion. After he had let go his heavy artillery, he expected to hear some terrific howling, but it would be too late; and he felt satisfied that even the unmerciful giant- scribes of New York would be compelled to surrender in good time and join in the general feu de joie. Who were these dangerous marplots ? Where were they to be found ? Detachments were sent out to scour the city, and at length they were discovered in the very act of sending off their surreptitious mes¬ sages. The seals were broken, and when the contents fell under the eye of the Jubilee-man he was as¬ tounded. Every feature of the stupendous “Boston notion ” — already monstrous in its proportions — was so magnified and distorted that all creation would GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. Ill have been terrified in anticipation of such a scream from the American eagle; and the metropolitan yell in advance would have reduced the bona fide Boston hooray to the comparison of sounding a penny-whistle after the screech of a locomotive. The consequences of such a catastrophe would have proved fatal to the feast of Peace and Harmony which was being so care¬ fully prepared for the delectation of the nation. The projector explained the position of affairs to the alarming news-purveyors, and begged off for a few days. Appreciating the delicacy and danger of the “ situation,” they magnanimously agreed to “ tone down” to the “little idea” itself, and to suppress despatches for a day or two longer, that the plans might be more fully matured. But it was deemed prudent to watch them very closely. To seize the hand in the very act of drawing the lanyard was a bold proceeding, and you might be sure they would get their guns off at the first opportunity. 0, what a lucky escape for the cause and the projector that they were discovered and held back at such a critical mo¬ ment ! He shuddered to think of it. But all was safe for the present, and immediate destruction prevented. The greatest despatch was now used to complete arrangements. Mr. Gilmore had been quite success¬ ful in obtaining both subscriptions and letters the last few days. What other indorsements were necessary ? Had he not sufficient for every purpose ? “ No, no,” answered the inward prompter; the gubernatorial voice of Massachusetts must be heard. Without that the announcement would be incom¬ plete. The Old Bay State must sound her clarion call. Whatever she says is right will be done; the whole nation will accept her leadership, and smoke the pipe or sing the song of “ Peace ” with her. Away, 112 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. then, to the State House to call upon her distin¬ guished son, Governor Alexander II. Bullock, who so ably tills the chair once occupied by such men of mark as John Hancock, Samuel Adams, Levi Lincoln, John Davis, Edward Everett, and by his immediate predecessor, the great-hearted John A. Andrew. “ The Governor is very busy preparing his farewell address,” said a polite page as Mr. Gilmore asked for admission to his room, “ but I guess he will see you. I will go and inquire.” The page returns with an invitation to walk in, and the applicant at once presented himself before his Excellency. “ Governor, I am very sorry to trespass upon you now, when your time is so precious; but my story is short and can be told in a few moments.” “I think I know your business,” replied the Gover¬ nor ; “ you desire to say something about the great Musical Festival to which the papers have been allud¬ ing for some days.” How he knew the man of this mystery was before him, unless he had heard of the matter through pri¬ vate sources, rather puzzled his petitioner, who replied : “ Yes, sir; and I have come to ask some indorsement from you to add strength to the cause.” “ The pressure of duty upon me at present,” said his Excellency, u should prevent even this interview; but I am disposed to do anything in my power to help you. If you will call at my rooms at the Tremont House, say at five o’clock,” — it was then about eleven, a. m., — ‘‘I shall by that time acquaint myself with the par¬ ticulars of your prospectus, and place my name to such a. document as will be satisfactory to you. From what I have heard already about the project, there is no danger of too much being said in its favor.” GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 113 This was glorious; and admission to the Governor's presence at this moment, when he was literally covered with documents, and the evidences of his busy pen were lying thick about him, was indeed a compliment which the visitor did not fail to appreciate. Mr. Gilmore retired with the feeling that Ameri¬ cans generally had a wonderful power for despatching business, and possessed greater administrative ability, quicker and clearer comprehension, and entertained broader views of men and things, and were better qualified to govern or to be governed, than any other people upon the face of the earth. While his thoughts were thus employed the projector was hastening his steps towards the residence of that true Christian gentleman, Lieutenant-Governor Claflin, whose door-bell he rang with such force as to imply that some one was in great haste to gain admission. u Is the Governor in ? ” “ Ah, walk in, Mr. Gilmore. Yes, he is; but he is very busy preparing his inaugural, and he has refused to see many callers to-day. There are a number of gentle¬ men waiting to see him now, and I’m afraid your chances are very small. You know he is to succeed Governor Bullock in a few days, and his time is very much occupied in making the necessary preparations.” “Well,” replied the interrogator, whose case was not like that of an office-seeker, “ my business will not detain him long; I must see him for a moment if possible. Go and see if I can be admitted.” Private Secretary, Colonel Charles H. Taylor, speaks from above: “ Walk up, Mr. Gilmore; the Governor will see you.” “ Governor, it is too bad,” said the fresh arrival, “ to interrupt you now, when every moment of your time is so valuable; but I will make known my busi¬ ness in the fewest words possible.” 8 114 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Upon hearing a little of the marvellous tale, his Excellency’s features, which at first wore an expres¬ sion of fatigue, now softened, and the light of a pleasant smile irradiated his honest countenance. He became so interested that, notwithstanding the press¬ ure of callers and of business, he took the prospectus and read it through from beginning to end. As he finished he asked, "Well, Mr. Gilmore, what do you desire I should do for you ? ” “ My dear sir,” responded the writer, "there is just one thing you can do that will strike the right chord. I have a number of letters from eminent gentle¬ men highly indorsing the plan, and Governor Bullock is to give me another at five o’clock. As I do not wish to put you to the trouble of writing a long letter in your present press of business, permit me to sug¬ gest — and you may write it in the fewest words pos¬ sible,— that, to show your feelings and appreciation of the proposed national celebration, you authorize your name to be placed upon the subscription-list for — well, whatever amount you may see fit to subscribe. That kind of music will have the right ring when all the letters appear, as they will, in to-morrow’s papers.” The Governor smiled audibly; he probably thought it a bold stroke to offer to let him off with a short letter, simply by his subscribing a thousand dollars or so towards the undertaking! His Excellency took the hint, nevertheless, as the following communication, received from him shortly after, proves. Boston, January 5, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — I have received a copy of your circular, in which is proposed “ a National Peace Jubilee and Musical Festival, to commemorate the restoration of peace and union throughout the land.” Inasmuch as music inspired our soldiers in the late GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 115 war in their weary marches and on hard-fought battle-fields, and was withal a valuable auxiliary in securing our victories, I think “ the restoration of peace and union ” could be celebrated in no more appropriate manner, and I very willingly add- my name to the list of subscribers. I am yours truly, WILLIAM CLAFLIN. The paragraphs thrown out by the Boston press had been extensively copied by the papers throughout the country, and everybody was on the qui vive to know more about what was to happen. “ To-morrow they shall know it. All these letters and the prospectus will appear in every paper in Bos¬ ton,” said the projector to himself, as he rushed along in the direction of the Tremont House to receive Gov¬ ernor Bullock’s letter. “Ah, here you are, Mr. Gilmore, just to the minute,” said his Excellency, looking at his watch. “ All ready but my signature.” The Governor commenced read¬ ing as follows.- — Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Executive Department, Boston, January 5, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — I have read with great satisfaction your pro¬ spectus for a national musical demonstration to take place in the city of Boston in June next, to celebrate the return of peace and the restoration of the Union. The time is wisely chosen, — during the week in which oc¬ curs the anniversary of that great battle fought by our fathers, which, in its. results, demonstrated the power and capacity of the Colonies to secure their independence. The occasion is auspicious also from the fact that by that time the administration of the government, after years of dis¬ astrous war, will have been successfully inaugurated under the direction of that wise, prudent, and sagacious General to whose energy and skill the country is so largely indebted for its pres¬ ervation. 116 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. I cannot doubt that tlie occasion itself, and the sympathy which the announcement of such a demonstration will create throughout the country, will secure for it the approval and co¬ operation of all the people. Such an assemblage as you propose may do very much toward alleviating the sufferings of the widows and orphans of those who died that the Union might live, and at the same time strengthen the bonds of peace, friendship, and good-will which, I trust, will forever combine in our National Unity. The announcement of your impressive and well-conceived project will strike a national chord that should thrill in every heart. With my best wishes for your success and with assurance of my warmest sympathy in your laudable and patriotic undertaking, I remain very truly yours, ALEXANDER H. BULLOCK. “ Splendid, sir,” said the visitor, delighted to see affixed a name that would convince the nation that Massachusetts was all right on the Peace Jubilee. “ Now,” said the overjoyed traveller to himself as he left the Governor’s room, “ what more do I want in the way of indorsement ? Here are letters which speak the voice of Boston and of Massachusetts, of politics, business, and art! Are they not sufficient to satisfy the whole country of the feasibility and appro¬ priateness of this great Festival? Do I need another word to start with?” “ Yes, there is just one more indorsement that I do need, — a letter, a blessing upon the undertaking, from some eminent clergyman. 0 for a word of in¬ spiration from the warm heart of some great Christian hero, — some devout man of God who not only points to heaven, but leads the way! ” “ It is too late; there is not a moment to spare.” O, what a sad commentary upon our busy lives ! What should come first comes last, and often not at GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 117 all. But when — through the aid of the press and the purse — all doubt is removed, and the great Jubilee becomes a fact, then shall they who are now thought of last be the first called to consecrate the Temple of Peace with holy prayer. Where man’s work ends God’s begins. The pulpit, the press, and the purse, are the trinity of spiritual, intellectual, and materialistic forces that carry for¬ ward the great work of civilization. Combined they can accomplish anything in the power of man to ac¬ complish. With their aid, if God so wills, a Universal Jubilee of Peace may at no far-distant day bring all nations together in a grand festival of joy. The “ press ” are calling for “ copy ”; they feel a little annoyed that it has not been furnished ear¬ lier; but that was impossible. Here it is, gentlemen, — the prospectus and all the letters. May Heaven reward you for the friendly and honorable part you have acted in withholding from the public the par¬ ticulars of the Jubilee until all that could be done has been done to create a favorable impression! Let the people to-morrow morning be roused by the dis¬ charge of the whole broadside through your columns, and may every city and State in the Union catch up the echo, until all hearts shall beat in unison with the watchwords of this great musical gathering,— arch itaian. On the following day the “ great mystery ” was un¬ ravelled ; the prospectus and all the letters of indorse¬ ment appeared in the Boston papers and created a great sensation. Here follows the prospectus in full, as near like the original typographically as space will permit, and retaining all the distinctive features of that well-conned document. AND iWti0ic«iI JirsfilmJ, TO BE HELD • IN THE CITY OP BOSTON, On Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, June 15, 16, and. 17, 1869, TO COMMEMORATE THE RESTORATION OF PEACE AND UNION THROUGHOUT THE LAND. This most important event in American History to be celebrated by the grandest outpouring of gattonal, ^Patriotic, Sublime glusit EVER HEARD UPON THE AMERICAN CONTINENT. THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, MEMBERS OF HIS CABINET, MEMBERS OF CONGRESS, HEADS OF DEPARTMENTS, AND THE GOVERNORS OF ALL THE STATES, TO BE INVITED. A1S0, THE REPRESENTATIVES OF FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AT WASHINGTON, AND MANY OTHER DISTINGUISHED GUESTS FROM ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY AND ABROAD. AN IMMENSE COLISEUM, Capable of accommodating Fifty Thousand Persons, to be erected especially for this occasion, to be MAGNIFICENTLY DECORATED, Historically Emblematic of State and National Progress since the Formation of the Union. fMSpMtttis of the ^togeamine. FIRST DAY. TUESDAY, JUNE 15, 1869. THE FESTIVAL TO BE INAUGURATED AT NOON ON THE FIRST DAT BY And the Delivery of ADDRESSES welcoming all distinguished guests and visitors to Boston and to Massachusetts ALSO, A CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS ON THE RESTORATION OF PEACE AND UNION THROUGHOUT THE LAND. TO BE FOLLOWED BY A Grand National Concert, THE PRINCIPAL FEATURE OF WHICH WELL BE A GREAT CHORUS OF TWENTY THOUSAND VOICES, SELECTED FROM THE SCHOOLS OF BOSTON UST> ITS VICINITY, WHO WILL SING NATIONAL AIRS AND HYMNS OF PEACE, ACCOMPANIED BY A GRAND ORCHESTRA OF ONE THOUSAND MUSICIANS, INCLUDING ALL THE LEADING BANDS AND BEST PERFORMERS IN THE UNITED STATES, WITH THE ADDITIONAL ACCOMPANYING EFFECTS OF Artillery and Infantry Firing, Chiming of Bells, etc. The following description of the manner in which the several pieces selected for this Concert will he performed may serve to give some idea of the grand effect to he produced: — THE PROGRAMME WILL OPEN WITH THE NATIONAL ANTHEM,-“HAIL COLUMBIA,” WHICH WILL BE RENDERED IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER : SYMPHONY, — Hail Columbia, once through by the Full Band of One Thou¬ sand Performers. 1st VERSE, — Full Band of One Thousand Performers, and Grand Chorus of Twenty Thousand Voices. 2d VERSE, — Full Band, Grand Chorus, and Chiming of all the Bells in the City. 3d and LAST VERSE, — Full Band of One Thousand, Grand Chorus of Twenty- Thousand, Bells Chiming, Drums Rolling, Infantry Firing, and Cannon pealing in the distance, in exact time with the Music. Note. — The Bells will be rung and the Cannon fired by electricity from the Music Stand. Several Pieces upon the Programme, including the National Airs of Eng¬ land, France, Russia, Prussia, Austria, and other nations, will be performed with similsr Grand Effects. SECOND DAY. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16, 1869. GRAND CLASSICAL PROGRAMME. . . SYMPHONY AND ORATORIO. THE PROGRAMME WILL OPEN WITH WAGNER’S OVERTURE TO TANNHAUSER, BY THE FULL BAND OF ONE THOUSAND PERFORMERS. ALL THE MUSICAL SOCIETIES IN NEW ENGLAND AND ELSEWHERE AVAILABLE TO BE UNITED, FORMING THE GREATEST ORATORIO CHORUS EVER ASSEMBLED, EITHER IN EUROPE OR AMERICA. The following majestic Selections from the great Oratorios will be produced by the entire Chorus, with accompaniments by the GRAND ORCHESTRA OF ONE THOUSAND PERFORMERS : The Heavens are telling the Glory of God. From Haydn’s Creation. See the Conquering Hero comes. From Handel’s Judas Maccabazus. The Hallelujah Chorus. From Handel’s Messiah. Thanks be to God. From Mendelssohn’s Elijah. Beethoven’s Greatest Work, The Ninth Symphony, WILL BE PRODUCED IN ITS GRANDEST FORM. This, the greatest Vocal and Instrumental Concert ever given in any part of the world, will CONCLUDE WITH ROSSINI’S OVERTURE TO WILLIAM TELL, Performed bf the Full Orchestra of One Thousand Instrumentalists. THIRD DAY. THURSDAY, JUNE 17, 1869. Anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Bill. . . Patriotic and Military Programme. GRAND CONCERT FOR THE iULTITUDE. The musical exercises to be preceded by an appropriate Historical Address in honor of the day, to be followed by a Choice Programme of Popular and Familiar Music. THE SELECTIONS WILL INCLUDE AUBER’S OVERTURE TO FRA DIAVOLO. Arranged for Grand Orchestra of One Thousand Performers. Fifty Trumpeters performing the solo part usually played by one Trumpet. THE FAVORITE SCENA FROM IL TROVATORE, INTRODUCING VERDI’S ANVIL CHORUS, Will he brought out with Grand Chorus, Pull Band of One Thousand Performers, One Hundred Anvils, several Drum Corps, Artillery, Bells, &c. THE PROGRAMME WILL ALSO INCLUDE A GRAND PEACE MARCH, Composed expressly for this occasion, and Dedicated to the People of America by an eminent European Author. THE PEACE JUBILEE WILL CLOSE ON THE EVENING OF THE 17th OF JUNE BY A Grand Festive Kntertainment^ WITH MUSIC BY THE FULL BAND. (The particulars of which will be announced hereafter.) For this occasion the seats will be removed from the great Parquet of the Coliseum, thereby giving an opportunity for an interchange of congratulations and friendly greetings, and of bringing to a happ } 7 close the most imposing musical ceremonies and one of the grandest National Gatherings that has ever adorned the pages of History. The scale upon which it is proposed to carry out this festival will represent in its magnitude and splendor the greatest cause for National rejoicing that the American people have ever been called upon to celebrate, namely : THE RESTORATION OF PEACE AND UNION THROUGHOUT THE LAND. It will bring together in fraternal greeting the leading men of the nation, and people from all parts of the land, and, aside from its significance as The First Grand National Reunion SINCE THE CLOSE OF THE WAR, IT WILL BE THE GREATEST Jf mt ofSuWimt mrtr Inspiring Ipartwnrg THAT HAS EVER BEEN HEARD IN ANT PART OF THE WORLD. SUBSCRIPTION SEASON TICKET, Admitting Three to all Concerts and other Entertainments thronghout the Festival, ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS. Fifteen Hundred Subscribers will secure the entire fulfilment of the undertaking. Subscribers for Season Tickets will be entitled to a first choice of Reserved Seats. Subscription Books may now be found at the Principal Hotels, and also in several prominent Mer¬ cantile Houses, representing various branches of business in Boston. No moneys to be collected until the necessary number of Subscribers are obtained and Committees or¬ ganized, and then only through agents appointed by the Subscription and Finance Committee. Popular Prices (according to location of seats), for single admission to each entertainment, will be fixed as soon as a sufficient number of Season Tickets are subscribed for to guarantee the suc¬ cess of the Festival. The interior of the great Coliseum will be magnificently decorated, and will be arranged as a Par¬ quet, Parquet Circle, Balcony, Dress Circle, and Promenade Gallery, and will contain seats for Fifty Thousand Persons. Information concerning Special Railroad Arrangements, and Full Particulars of all Ceremonies, Entertainments, and Festivities, connected with this National Peace Jubilee, will be made known in due time. DISPOSITION OF THE PROFITS. The entire profits arising from this National Peace Festival to be distributed among all the Cities and Towns throughout the Country, for the relief of the distressed Widows and Orphans of those who fell during the Rebellion. The sum given to each City or Town to be in proportion to the number of Season Tickets sub¬ scribed for by the people of— or in the name of — each place. Each Season Ticket will entitle the City or Town to which it is credited to one share in the entire profits. At the close of the Festival a full list of the names of Subscribers and of the Cities and Towns for which they have subscribed, together witli the amounts to be given to each City and Town, will be published for the information of Subscribers and the Public. Several of the ablest members of the Musical Profession, as also many gentlemen deeply interested in the advancement of the art, have expressed their hearty willingness to ao all in their power for the success of this undertaking. It is now respectfully submitted .by the Projector, P. S. Gilmore, for the consideration of the Public, more especially the Merchants and Citizens of Boston. With their indorsement, the restoration of Peace and Union will be celebrated by The Grandest Musical Demonstration that the World has ever known. 122 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. As the projector had anticipated, the announcement struck a chord that vibrated from Maine to California. The prospectus was copied by most all the leading journals in the country, and as a general thing com¬ mented upon with great favor. The following ex¬ tracts will show the warm interest of the Boston press in spreading abroad the particulars of the en¬ terprise : — From the Boston Post. .... This Musical Festival it is intended to make the event of this eventful time by crowning with its rich and splendid gifts the great work that has been accomplished for Union and Peace. The plan is in able hands, and, with the ready and generous sup¬ port of the citizens of Boston, will be wrought out in a glorious success. The most distinguished men of the land are to be in¬ vited to participate in the ceremonies, which will continue for three days. The masters of music are to be assembled to lead, direct, and fill out the measure of the plan. A grand Coliseum is to be erected on the Common, capable of sheltering many thou¬ sands of people. Singing, speaking, the music of monster bands, the chiming of bells, the roar of responsive cannon, military dis¬ plays, and the freest manifestations of popular joy will, in unison, give voice to the pervading, inspiring sentiment of the hour, and furnish a timely starting-point for the nation on its new career of peace and prosperity. This is not to be merely a local affair ; its aim is national and its spirit that of the largest patriotism. Bos¬ ton will offer the people of the whole country the warmest wel¬ come as they assemble here in June to celebrate with them the return of Peace. It is intended to make all who are present of one heart and one mind on the subject which calls them together. From the Boston Advertiser. In accordance with previous announcement we lay before our readers this morning the full plan of the project for an extraordi¬ nary Musical Festival to take place in this city next June. Com¬ pared with any similar undertaking in the history of the world, the boldness of its conception and the magnitude of its propor¬ tions must certainly be deemed surprising. When we say that the immense cost of the demonstration has been closely calcu¬ lated, and all the laborious details necessary to its successful con- GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 123 summation fully considered and attended to, we pay but a de¬ served compliment to the courage, executive skill, and indomi¬ table zeal of its projector, Mr. P. S. Gilmore. From the Boston Transcript. The Great National Peace Jubilee. — The programme for this proposed gigantic celebration, so far as the details have been set¬ tled, will be found upon our first page. It is the result of long and patient thought and inquiry on the part of its projector, who has a genius for devising and a practical talent for executing novel and large enterprises. His undertaking, in the present in¬ stance, is meeting with favor and liberal support; and if the com¬ munity continue to aid it, as they have begun to do — of which there can be no doubt — it will cease in a few days to be a't all a doubtful experiment. Indeed, it would be entirely safe to speak of the project now as one sure to be carried through. Of one thing the public may be certain, — the ground has been carefully surveyed, the scheme has been wrought out with the nicest cal¬ culations ; and with the adequate co-operation that will not be withheld, Boston may early next summer witness a scene never surpassed by any like festival anywhere. The season selected for it is most appropriate, and the prospect a fair one that perfect days in June will find Boston Common the centre of attraction for thousands upon thousands. From the Boston Traveller. All the arrangements for Mr. Gilmore’s great National Musical Festival are going on swimmingly. The undertaking is a most gigantic one, but we are certain that it will be successfully con¬ summated. By the way, there appears to be a misunderstanding on the part of the press of other cities in regard to the matter of subscriptions, and it is stated in several journals that the full number of fifteen hundred subscriptions at one hundred dollars each, which is necessary to insure the complete success of the project, have been already obtained. Such is not the case. Al¬ though Mr. Gilmore is receiving all the encouragement he could expect, and though our merchants and others are responding most liberally, yet, inasmuch as the subscription books have only just been opened, it is unreasonable to suppose that in that brief space of time all the subscriptions would, or indeed could, be taken up. But the number of subscribers is not to be confined to fifteen hundred. We hope to see it swell up to fifteen thousand 124 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. and upwards, and before the time arrives for the commencement of the Festival, we believe the subscriptions will reach that fig¬ ure. The object for which the Festival is given is indeed a noble one, and we are certain the response of our citizens will be as great as the object is praiseworthy. To relieve the distressed is at all times commendable, but when we know that the profits arising from this gigantic scheme will be given for the relief of the distresses of the widows and orphans of those to whom we are indebted for the permanency and restoration of the Union, the commendation bestowed upon the enterprise should be un¬ stinted. There is not a city or town in the country but should have its representatives among the subscribers. The Festival must be a success. But of that there can be no question, for suc¬ cess is as certain as to-morrow’s sun. The press of the country can do its share in contributing to this success, and we trust it will give the Festival all that encouragement it so richly merits. From the Saturday Evening Gazette. We freely give two columns of our space to-day to Mr. Gil¬ more’s programme of the ceremonies which are to attend the cel¬ ebration of the great Peace Jubilee in this city next June. The public are deeply interested in this matter, and we wish to give them an opportunity to examine it in all its details. The plan has been carefully matured ; Mr. Gilmore has spent much thought and labor on it during - the past year, and has received the warmest encouragement from some of our best men in business and pro¬ fessional life. His enthusiasm on the subject seems to have com¬ municated itself to all classes of our community, and we have every reason to think that the anticipations regarding it will be fully realized. From the Boston Sunday Times. The Peace Jubilee. — We show our faith in the success of the movement for the grand musical celebration in this city next June, by giving, free of charge to the managers, two of our most valu¬ able columns for the publication of the programme. It is not for the citizens of Boston to ask each other “ Will it succeed ? ” but they should go to work at once to make it succeed. The hearty manner in which the proposition has been received by our most prominent business men, from whom subscriptions have been pour¬ ing in, as well as the cordial co-operation promised from every mu¬ sician of note, leave scarcely a doubt as to the consummation of the plans thus far inaugurated. Mr. Gilmore has been untiring GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 125 in his efforts, and has already accomplished marvels in executing details which required the head of a commanding general. Let all our public-spirited citizens come forward at once with their subscriptions, and they will help confer not only honor upon Bos¬ ton, but will add to its material prosperity to a degree which a superficial view of the proposed enterprise would scarcely cause them to credit. Should the Festival occur at the time appointed, the presence of General Grant and the most distinguished men of the nation can be counted on with certainty. From the Boston Sunday Herald. The Mammoth Musical Festival. — It will doubtless be a source of satisfaction to the community not only of Boston, but of all New England, if not of the whole country, to learn that the arrangements for the grand Musical Festival to be given in June next, in honor of the restoration of peace, are progressing most favorably. The magnitude and boldness of the enterprise are such that it has already been heard of far and wide, and we have yet to learn of a single individual who has given the scheme even a casual consideration who has not yielded his cordial approval to it. The plan of the contemplated Coliseum exhibited in one of our Washington Street windows during the past few days has at¬ tracted great notice, and formed an interesting object of study, giving to the pedestrians a very good idea of the magnitude of the project. Mr. Gilmore informs us that the subscription books are being rapidly filled up ; the merchants, and men of influence and affluence in other departments of business, coming forward and giving their cordial support to the enterprise with a freedom and alacrity which speak most encouragingly for its ultimate fruition. It will be a long and an arduous task to complete the details; but time is ample and the signs at present are porten¬ tous of success. From the Boston Journal. Mr. Gilmore’s Grand Musical Project. — We are happy to hear that our business men are giving the most cordial support to the enterprise which Mr. P. S. Gilmore has brought forward. For nearly two years Mr. Gilmore has been engaged in preparing his plans, and we know that he is imbued with the most disinter¬ ested intentions in his efforts to make it a great success. It is a matter in which every citizen will take a pride, for it must reflect upon Boston a degree of credit throughout the world which will 126 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. not only be gratifying, but will be beneficial. It is an original conception, and if our readers but knew the thought, the labor, and the patience already required to bring the plan to its present condition, they would appreciate the magnitude of this great un¬ dertaking. It is a coincidence worthy of remark, though not a pleasant experience to recall, that just at this stage of the actual effort, when the plan was fully made known to the public, the originator was completely prostrated and confined to his room for several days ; and that likewise when he had reached this point in the preparation of its history he was compelled to drop the pen from a similar cause. After a few weeks’ ill¬ ness he resumes the task of putting upon record the various means employed to make the National Peace Jubilee a triumphant success. During the days of his illness in the first instance, while the whole community were having something to say for or against the possibility of carrying out such a programme as he had presented, the house of the projector seemed to be particularly attractive to that prying, speculative class who always think they smell a fortune in having some connection with any undertaking that promises success. They are the camp-followers of every great enterprise, hoping to pick up something useful to themselves, and are ever in the way of those who are endeavoring to push ahead. Like bees round a sugar-hogshead, they swarm in and out, never bringing anything, but always tak¬ ing something away to put in their own hives, and by their constant buzzing would make you believe they are the most disinterested workers imaginable. Yet there are many who, although entirely selfish in their motives, do much to help along the car of Pro¬ gress when they find it in motion. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 127 Not expecting a rush of such enterprising visitors, the invalid had given orders to admit any one who might particularly desire to see him, as it was possible his business might be important. Early on the morn¬ ing of the publication of the Jubilee prospectus a gen¬ tleman called who was very desirous of obtaining the contract to furnish the lumber for the Coliseum. He represented an extensive firm in New York, and his appearance at that time proved at least that New York was wide awake in mercantile matters, and had an eye to the main chance. “ The early bird catches the worm” was evidently the motto of some of her business men : a very good motto for those who would thrive to follow. But to talk to a sick man about making a contract for several cargoes of lumber,— especially when his experience in that line had never extended beyond the purchase of a cord of fire-wood, — was altogether too much of a dose for him just then; so the consideration of the lumber question was respectfully postponed to a later day. Next came three individuals who had no business in particular, but who wanted business, and seemed per¬ fectly willing to take hold of anything that might turn up. From their appearance the patient judged it prudent to keep an eye upon them, lest they should “ take hold ” of something before they left the house ! This sort of procession, made up of parties upon every conceivable errand in their own interest, — even to applicants for the privilege of selling lemon¬ ade, gingerbread, and peanuts within the contemplated Coliseum, — continued till the over-visited and com¬ pletely disgusted individual in bed, submitting to the advice of his physician, Dr. Charles D. Homans, refused to see any more callers till he was in better condition to consider their claims. 128 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Perhaps it was well the projector was confined to his room for several clays after the announcement of the Festival. Had he been upon the street he would undoubtedly have found it impossible to answer all the questions of the curious; but by the time he was able to be out the enthusiasm of the more impressible and excitable was on the wane, and the community in gen¬ eral began to look upon the Great Idea as a nine days’ wonder, and to give it the go-by. “ It was alto¬ gether too big for Boston,” said some. “New York would put it through. She was used to great under¬ takings.” “ I’ve been told that Gilmore tried to start it there,” replied a bystander, “ and they thought he was crazy.” “Well,” said another, “I guess there are a good many in Boston to-day who think so too. No sane man would ever have dreamed of such a thing! Who’s going to give him a hundred dollars a ticket to hear such a racket ? Does he think folks are fools ? ” “ ’T is n’t a hundred dollars a ticket; you just read his programme through, and you ’ll see.” “ 0 bosh! I’ve read enough to know that he can’t carry out any such nonsense in this city.” It was now nine or ten days since the programme had been given to the public, and besides the inci¬ dental street talk he occasionally overheard or that was reported to him, it was the privately expressed opinion of many well-informed parties, even at this early stage, that the undertaking could not succeed,— that “ the solid men of Boston ” had held a meeting and examined the plan before it was made public, and would have nothing whatever to do with it, as it was on altogether too extravagant a scale. 0, what a doleful sound was this to the ear of him who had so long nurtured with parental fondness the inspiring thought! From its inception to its development he GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 129 had felt buoyed up with the hope of presenting it to the public, as he had now done, with every necessary indorsement and argument in its favor except the one thing needful, — the pecuniary means to carry it into execution. The very greatness of the undertaking he thought, when fully made known, would meet with such a generous response from those who loved to grasp great enterprises, that there would be no doubt of its being carried forward to completion. To hear from every side that it could not succeed now, after all that had been done, and while the press of the country were still speaking of it in terms of admiration and encouragement, was indeed most pain¬ ful. With all the care bestowed upon his early move¬ ments, and the precaution taken to silence opposition, his friendly enemies now began warily to show the cloven foot. “ Pooh ! we never believed in it! ” they said. “ Gilmore is a good fellow, and we did not like to oppose him, he seemed so taken up with his 1 great idea.’ The whole thing amounts to nothing more than a great big flash in the pan. It’s all over now! ” So they had thought; so they now began to express them¬ selves. Even friends and acquaintances commenced to pass him by without the usual recognition. He how¬ ever was not to be discouraged. With a deeper deter¬ mination he resolved that, though he should find the way blocked at every step, he would not permit the predictions of the non-believers to be verified. The word “Failure” should not be written over the grave of his enterprise if it were in the power of man to prevent it. With the return of health and strength the fire of his enthusiasm was rekindled, and burned brighter than ever. Indeed it was needed, for now commenced’ the real struggle that called for all his resources of 9 130 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. mind and body. True, there was nothing wanted but money, — nothing but money ! Without that what were every other advantage in the competitions of the world ? It is the lifeblood of business, the bone and sinew of the giant Trade. It is the granite that under¬ lies every other strata, the solid, enduring basis on which every time-defying structure must be built. Without that he could not go on. He must have it. How and where should it be obtained ? “ Ah, there’s the rub ! ” But we shall see. The press had heralded the proposition all over the land, and from far and near came back one enthusias¬ tic response in its favor, and inquiry was beginning to be made, u When is the great Coliseum going up ? ” Excursions to Boston were even now being talked of in anticipation of the great event. Would the proud old Trimountain city let the enterprise fall through after it had been proclaimed abroad so widely? Nev¬ er ! The beacon-light of peace and harmony flashed far its welcome rays. Should it prove a false light, gladdening the eye for a moment, and then going out in darkness, or should it continue to gleam forth from the three-hilled city, growing brighter and brighter till it illuminated the whole musical world? Yes; perish every other ambition, that light should be maintained. Boston should prove herself worthy the name and reputation of being considered the first city on the continent in matters of art. Mr. Gilmore felt that with him honor, fortune, ay, life itself, were now at stake. Should he fail the ridicule of the world would follow him. “ Here is a man who began to build before counting the cost,” would be said. “He at¬ tempted a Babel tower of music, but never reached even the confusion of sounds that would inevitably have followed.” “ Peace Jubilee Gilmore ” would have GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 131 become a by-word and a reproach. “ The greatest musical failure of the age ” would be pronounced his most fitting epitaph. No, no: to save himself from such ignominy he must succeed. But he was prompted by higher and holier motives than mere worldly achievement. The clear conscious¬ ness of being engaged in a great and good work, — a work in the cause of music, of art, of pure patriotism and lofty virtues, of peace, of union, and of religion ; — these he felt had made him the medium of their advancement, and this thought gave him strength to fight the battle till success was won. At this stage of the proceedings it would have been unwise to call a meeting of merchants or citizens to take action upon the proposition. Since the day that Mr. Gray and the gentlemen before whom he had laid the plan had decided not to take any interest in it (and this very soon became Well known in mercantile circles), merchants or citizens, as a body, could not be expected to unite at once in carrying out that which the “ solid men” refused to encourage. Success now could only be reached by the most skilful engineer¬ ing, and all that the projector could do was to go on sapping and mining, throwing up his parallels nearer and nearer, and pushing the good work forward as fast as circumstances would permit. He must work in the face of the enemy, exposed to many a random shot; but the greater the opposition brought against him the greater the glory of success. Any quantity of advice and suggestion was given by enthusiasts, but subscriptions had come almost to a dead stop. Yet there were some noble spirits who stepped forward so soon as the opportunity was given them to place their names upon the golden-lettered list. . An .impression began to gain ground that a very 132 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. large amount had already been subscribed, and great curiosity was manifested to know just how the matter stood pecuniarily. Mr. Gilmore saw he could let in a ray of sunshine to brighten the dark clouds that overhung the work by giving the names of six or eight who had subscribed as many thousand dollars; but as this was a very small part of the sum required, he con¬ cluded to let Rumor tell her wonderful tales, until such time as he might be able to show a longer and stronger array of influential names. Notwithstanding men of means in Boston were so slow in coming forward in aid of the movement, (prob¬ ably the same class would have been slower still, if not immovable, in any other city,) it was cheering to know that almost the entire musical fraternity were in full sympathy with the spirit of the project. So deep and thrilling and harmonious a chord had never been struck in musicdom before, and letters from near and far, from individuals and from societies, offering to join the mammoth chorus, began pouring in like a deluge. As everything connected with the Jubilee was on a colossal scale, and nothing short of the most perfect system would insure entire success, it was of the first importance that the strictest order and discipline should prevail in the organization and conduct of every department. While this course would be pur¬ sued as fast as the various parts of the work assumed definite shape, the thing that took precedence of all, and without which neither coliseum, chorus, orches¬ tra, nor any other feature of the great undertaking could be carried out, was raising the funds. Several subscribers for season tickets were added to the list after the publication of the prospectus; but subscrip¬ tions came in slowly, and were rarely voluntary,— GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 133 generally they were obtained by the most persevering application on the part of the writer or his solicitors. Among the very first to send congratulations, and to subscribe to the Festival after its public announce¬ ment, was that estimable lady Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis, whose benevolence of heart and generous bestowal of her means have distinguished her above all other women in our own community, and given her a na¬ tional reputation. The note is as follows, and, re¬ ceived by Mr. Gilmore during his illness, it came like hope and sunshine to buoy him up in the hour of his mental and physical prostration. Mrs. HARRISON Gray Otis, having carefully examined Mr. P. S. Gilmore's programme for w A Grand Peace Concert ” on Boston Common in the leafy month of “June next; and believing that , notwithstanding its colossal proportions , the result will prove abundantly harmonious , and a decided success in his unfailing hands , — charity and musick blending , — begs to have her name added to the list of subscribers. 41 Mt. Vernon St. •Jth January, 1869. • Her long and earnest efforts, joined with those of the silver-tongued Everett, to secure to the country the undisputed possession of the grounds of Mount Vernon, where lived and died the immortal Washing¬ ton, and which hold his sacred ashes, — these noble efforts alone were sufficient to secure her the love and gratitude of every true American, while her untiring labors and personal sacrifices, to aid and comfort the soldiers in camp and field during the late war for the Union, will keep alive her remembrance long after the “boys in blue” of the present day have obeyed the last order of the Great Commander to join the Grand Army above. To her also, more than to all others, belongs the credit of having the 22d of Feb- 134 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. • ruary, the Birthday of Washington, recognized as a legal holiday, thus adding another to the few days of general recreation with which the American people indulge themselves. Other letters were also received immediately follow¬ ing the announcement, among them one full of heart and encouragement from the noble and liberal Colonel W. Y. Hutchings, requesting his name to be placed upon the list for several season tickets; also a strong indorsement from the firm of Moseley and Hodgman, iron merchants, who not only contributed liberally by subscribing for season tickets, but also offered to furnish the one hundred anvils for the u Anvil Chorus.” This timely offer was gratefully accepted, and, as the papers at the time expressed it, it relieved the mind of the projector of one of the weightiest of his heavy cares. To bring the matter fairly and squarely before the merchants and business men of Boston, and to test the strength of their good-will towards the enterprise, the projector proposed preparing a number of subscrip¬ tion books, one for each prominent branch of business, and then soliciting some active member of a leading firm in each branch, to devote a few hours to can¬ vassing his special line of trade. It was evident that, if the services of this class of canvassers could be secured, a large sum would be promptly raised. Nearly one hundred books were prepared, with the prospectus on the opening pages, and labelled with the name and style of as many different branches of business. To place them in the hands of those who would not only contribute themselves, but would also take an interest in obtaining contributions from oth¬ ers, was now the aim of the originator. He therefore called upon Mr. Curtis Guild, editor and proprietor of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 135 that popular and excellent paper the Commercial Bul¬ letin, for the needed information. Upon learning the object of the visit, Mr. Guild said : “ There is an organization of gentlemen known as the ‘ Commer¬ cial Club,’ representing every important branch of business in the city, who meet once a month to talk over matters in a social way. They are just the par¬ ties who, if they see fit, can aid you in carrying out your idea, — that of circulating subscription books among the various branches of trade. I would recom¬ mend you to await their next meeting, which will take place in two weeks; and perhaps it may be arranged that you appear in person and lay your plans before them. Upon this point I would advise you to consult Major George 0. Carpenter, who is an influential mem¬ ber of the club.” It seemed a long time to wait; but as nothing better could be done; the suggestion was adopted. In the mean time the writer found an abundance of employ¬ ment. To keep the idea well before the public was an absolute necessity, and among the various means employed, Mr. George Coolidge, publisher of the Bos¬ ton Almanac, proposed to issue a monthly magazine in the interest of the Jubilee, and to pay into the Festival treasury one half of all profits which might arise from its publication. The only privilege he asked was, that he should be the only party authorized to publish such a work officially. He expected to obtain remuneration for his outlay principally from business advertisements, which, in addition to information con- cerning the Jubilee, would be prominently inserted in the magazine. His proposition was accepted, with the proviso that it should be no expense or risk whatever to the undertaking. Over fifty thousand copies of this monthly were issued. It was printed in an attractive 136 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. style, and Mr. Coolidge performed his part with great energy and fidelity, and his magazine proved to be of much advantage to the Festival. Other gentlemen, ambitious to do something for themselves as well as the Jubilee, were working hard at this time, and deserve credit for their labors, espe¬ cially Mr. A. G. Hills, who was the first who became earnestly and actively engaged in soliciting aid for the enterprise. He fought many battles, compelled num¬ bers to surrender, and was of great service to the cause in various ways. Many who entered the field as solicitors for sub¬ scriptions retired after one or two days’ experience. But excitement ran so high, and confidence in the easy accomplishment of the undertaking was so fixed in some minds, that, among others, three gentlemen, canvassers of great energy and ability, agreed to raise the sum of Fifty Thousand Dollars within thirty days for a small consideration. They were to receive five per cent on the full amount, as soon as it was paid into the Festival treasury, provided it was raised in the time named; but if the whole amount was not raised in the thirty days , they were to have no claim whatever for services rendered. These Avere the conditions. They felt confident beyond a doubt of being able to fulfil all they proposed; ay, more, it was their belief that they could raise the above amount in one Aveek. The papers Avere drawn up, and the parties Avent to work in good earnest. The projector called upon one of the go-ahead three, a fine fellow, late in the after¬ noon of his first day to learn the result of his effort, and found him struggling to get out of a huge pair of snoAv-boots, — for the day had been very stormy, — looking anything but jubilant. He was a wetter and a Aviser man than when he started out in the morning, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 137 fresh and full of enthusiasm. He had come to the con¬ clusion that it was not so easy to raise even fifty thou¬ sand dollars for the great National Peace Festival as he imagined; and from that moment he “ did n’t believe the ‘day o’ Jubilee’ would be seen in Boston in a hurry.” The rest of the party, after several days’ experience, arrived at the same conclusion, and gave up the work in despair. Another enthusiastic gentleman, who had been in the Quartermaster’s Department in the army, and knew all about issuing orders, filling out requisitions, and so on, was very anxious to be connected in some way with carrying out the great idea. He clearly saw that there was an immense amount of work ahead, and recommended leasing a large building at once, and employing several clerks and superintendents to look after the various departments. “ That is all very well, my dear sir,” acknowledged the projector; “but where is your'money? Without that what is the use of buildings or clerks ? If you will go to work and raise sufficient funds to insure the success of the Peace Jubilee, you will prove yourself worthy to be made Generalissimo of the whole affair! It will be time enough to employ clerks and all that after the means to carry out the programme is se¬ cured.” He was a gentleman of excellent address, and seemed eminently fitted to present the matter in its best light. He commenced canvassing in fine feather, and did his very best to obtain subscribers; but after a short strug¬ gle he, too, retired from the field disheartened, and expressed the opinion that Boston was not, nor never would be, ready or willing to subscribe her dollars for such a purpose. These were dolorous days in the history of the 138 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Jubilee. It seemed to have fallen into the Slough of Despond, and there was no friendly hand except the bright angel of hope to help it out. An inclination to look upon the whole thing in the light of a bur¬ lesque prevailed to quite an extent. People seemed to think that a musical festival upon the immense scale proposed would be nothing more than a grand confusion of sounds, a terrific noise, a perfect bedlam, which would probably deafen all who should come within hearing distance; and it required the most powerful argument to overcome this belief among those from whom substantial encouragement was ex¬ pected. Not one of the many canvassers for season- ticket subscribers who applied for and accepted posi¬ tions on the projector’s staff but struck his colors after a brief engagement; but some who deserted once, twice, thrice, again re-entered the service, and were in at the grand finale. Notwithstanding these desertions and discouraging surroundings the projector pushed slowly ahead. The great public were unaware of the difficulties encoun¬ tered, for only the brighter side of the picture was turned to them. Thousand-dollar or even hundred- dollar subscribers were becoming quite difficult to find; still, there was one who had faith in the cause, into whose mind a single doubt of final, triumph was never permitted to enter, who pressed matters forward in the face of these discouragements as if all were going on swimmingly. The musical people throughout the country were becoming more and more urgent for information re¬ specting the Festival. It was time to take steps towards organizing the chorus. Mr. Loring B. Barnes, Secretary of the Handel and Haydn Society, who in his warm letter indorsing the plan stated, “ If I can GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 139 assist you in any manner , command my services ,” was the right man to superintend that important department. Now was the time to accept his offer and have him commence business. Singers everywhere were clam¬ oring for the music and for orders to organize. “ Mr. Barnes,” said Mr. Gilmore, as he entered the office of the former, “ it is now time to commence forming the grand chorus. I suppose I may rely upon you to take charge of that department.” “ I regret to say to you,” replied Mr. Barnes, “ that it will be impossible for me to do so. Since I last saw you I have made a change in, or rather an ad¬ dition to, my business; and every moment of my time is now so occupied that I should be unable to do jus¬ tice to the position you so kindly offer me, and which, under other circumstances, it would be a great pleasure for me to fill.” This was a severe blow. Mr. Barnes was so well qualified for the office, that Mr. Gilmore made the most persistent efforts for several days to have him reconsider his decision; but it was of no use, he could not be prevailed upon to accept. With deep regret the projector finally gave up the hope of securing the valuable services of Mr. Barnes, but could not help feeling that he had changed his mind upon the subject since the first interview; in fact, that he had lost faith in the plan, and did not believe that it could suc¬ ceed. Indeed, the prospects of the Festival did not look very encouraging at this period, and from the general appearance of things no reasonable man would wonder that Mr. Barnes’s mind should undergo some change, considering the pressure that was brought to hear upon him. After he had committed himself to the Jubilee by his warm letter, he found that many of the “ high-art circle ” entertained entirely opposite 140 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. views and were bitterly opposed to the whole idea. They were the ill-advisers who, no doubt, caused him to let slip the golden opportunity of becoming the chief head of the grand chorus; although he is not * the man to be driven from any position, unless in his own judgment the ground is dangerous and untenable. He closely followed the fortunes of the enterprise after this, — helping it forward when it was advancing, holding it back when it was halting, and watching its every move from first to last with the deepest interest. If he had the slightest ambition to figure at the head of the greatest oratorio chorus ever organized, he very soon had an opportunity of seeing what a magnificent chance he had lost; he must, however, give Mr. Gil¬ more the credit of doing all that was possible to have him accept the position. But Providence provides for all things. When those invited to occupy prominent positions at the feast would not accept, others were sought; and the declination of Mr. Barnes, although deeply regretted by Mr. Gilmore at the time, resulted in giving an opportunity to another gentleman, who displayed great ability in perfecting the organization. Mr. Barnes was not the only one, however, who wavered and lost courage in the hour of clanger. Even the talented Mr. Eichberg, who had indorsed the project so eloquently, gave in to the pressure, and sang base in the croakers’ chorus for a while, but finally rallied, shook off his besiegers, and took his former high stand among the supporters of the fes¬ tival. Many false prophets in these days had arisen, who predicted the abandonment and total failure of the undertaking, and were ingeniously plotting to bring it about. Dark, deep, and dismal were the whisperings as to its fate among the “ clique.” “ Stand aloof!” was the watchword. “We must not give GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 141 the slightest aid or encouragement, or enter into any 4 entangling alliances ’ with this enormous musical monster. Should it succeed, it will eclipse every¬ thing hitherto attempted, and we may never be able to appear to advantage or rally our forces again. If we wish to maintain our prestige as chief caterers to the musical taste of Boston, we must let this g-r-e-a-t conception severely alone. It came into the world with a tremendous flourish of trumpets. Hands off! and it will go out as suddenly, without sign or sound. We need breathe no breath against it; only wag our heads with grave and measured solemnity when any questions are asked. With muffled tongues let its doom be tolled . The throes of death are already upon it, and we. shall soon hear its last despairing gasp. But what a shout will go up, and what rejoicing there will be when the end is proclaimed ! ” Yes, gen¬ tlemen, there teas ; but it was the shout of its triumph over all your malicious and evil predictions, and there was joy and rejoicing not only among the good people in this Christian community, but, let us hope, also. among the bright seraphim in the heavens above. The projector, as if by instinct, knew all that was going on, and was ready to meet the wily foe at every point. By a mysterious inner light that seemed sud¬ denly evolved within him he was enabled to penetrate their dark designs; and he felt confident of being able to outflank any move they should make to throw themselves across his path. The whole map of the campaign was in his mind’s eye; he knew that the crouching enemy were already popping away at him from every direction; he saw what dismal swamps there were to cross and what forlorn heights to scale, but his resolution was unshaken, and he pressed forward confident of a final victory. 142 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. But 0, wliat days and nights of heart-breaking trial ensued! Those he had looked to for help, and who at first encouraged the undertaking, were now desert¬ ing him. Other musical friends on whose aid he had counted were acting as spies in full sympathy with the enemy. It was a bitter hour, and his soul was bowed' in grief. The blackness of darkness was creep¬ ing over the sky that had shone so bright with hope. Was it the portentous gathering of the storm that should sweep away all the old landmarks that had heretofore kept music in such narrow channels, and on one giant wave carry up the standard of the art to a higher and broader level than it had hitherto reached ? He had constructed his ark in obedience to the secret whisperings of his soul, and freighted it with the most heavenly harmonies that had ever- enraptured the human heart; would narrow selfishness or petty prejudice interrupt the passage and destroy the coming of this ark ? No, no ; a new and brighter world of music would be unfolded to all, when the troubled waters should subside and the returning dove of confidence bring in the olive-branch of Peace. In spite of all the discouragements that environed him, the projector felt that he could no longer post¬ pone taking steps to secure the choral features which had been promised the public, and which were the chief attraction of the Festival. The chorus of chil¬ dren could only be had through the interposition of the School Board; and to obtain their favor evidently would now require shrewd management, as it had al¬ ready been whispered abroad that the Board would never give permission for the children to take part in the Jubilee. Mr. Eichberg, principal music teacher, and Mr. J. B. Sharland, an accomplished instructor in the public schools, admitted that twenty thousand GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 143 children capable of singing splendidly together could be obtained if the Committee should favor the idea, and even Dr. Upham, Chairman of the Music Commit¬ tee, thought it possible. But this was the encouraging conclusion of these gentlemen when the plan was first broached to them, some weeks previous to the present stage of the enterprise. What, then, if the members of the School Board, many of whom might not, perhaps, appreciate the musical magnificence of such a great chorus of chil¬ dren,— for, unfortunately, there are always too many in such positions who think that the time and money devoted to the study of the heavenly art of music is wholly lost, — what, then, if they should regard it as too extravagant and unreasonable to be thought of for a moment, and should say among themselves, “ Has this Gilmore any idea of the great trouble it would be to prepare the children for such a festival as he pro¬ poses ? Does he think of the loss of time, the incon¬ venience, the expense, the danger , that would attend such a step ? It’s very easy to say, ‘ Hurrah, boys! let’s have a chorus of twenty thousand children! ’ with¬ out considering the difficulties to be encountered and the consequences involved. Nonsense ! nonsense ! the man has no idea of what he is talking about. My vote shall never be given to permit a child to sing at his great Jumble-ee ! ” Thinking that such a feeling might exist, and such questions might possibly be asked, to show that he had some idea of the method necessary to be pur¬ sued, — or at least to prove that this undertaking was not a “ Hurrah, boys! ” experiment not previously well considered, — Mr. Gilmore drew up the following doc¬ ument, and sent a copy of it, with a note of apology 144 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. for so doing, to Dr. J. B. Upham, Chairman of the Com¬ mittee on Music in the public schools: — Boston, January 18, 1869. The following suggestions for the duties, musical instructions, and information of the children who are to take part in the National Musical Festival to he held in this city in June next, are most respectfully submitted for the consideration of Dr. J. B. Upham. 1. Selection of the Programme of Music to be sung at the Festival. 2. Meeting and rehearsal of the Programme by the music- teachers under the’ direction of Mr. Julius Eichberg, that all may have precisely the same idea of the tempos, &c of the music to be sung. The symphonies and accompaniments to be strictly ad¬ hered to by all the teachers in rehearsals, in order that the children in all the schools may be impressed alike with the exact style and movement of each piece. 3. All children in the Grammar Schools, and all over eight years old in the Primary Schools, to be admitted to the chorus. 4. The words and music of the pieces to be sung to be printed upon card-paper, and a copy to be given to each child for home practice. 5. The Festival music to be continually practised until all chil¬ dren are thoroughly familiar with every word and note to be sung. 6. After the separate schools have committed the words and music to memory, some arrangement to be made whereby two or more schools may be united, say once a week, for two > or three rehearsals. 7. From the first of May to the first of June, a Band of fifteen or more pieces to attend the rehearsals of the united schools; the instrumental arrangement of symphonies and accompaniments to be exactly the same as the piano accompaniments with which the children will have already become familiar. 8. For two weeks preceding the Festival, an arrangement to be made, if considered necessary, whereby rehearsals may be held at the Music Hall, the large hall in Koxbury, and other convenient places,—the children filling all the seats, the band being on the stage, — thus bringing several schools and districts together for a few rehearsals, and somewhat familiarizing the children with the effect to.be produced by large numbers. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 145 9. The above united rehearsals to take place on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons, thereby avoiding any trespass upon the reg¬ ular school hours. All children would, no doubt, willingly com¬ ply with this arrangement, —the novelty of the band, &c. being a great attraction. 10. The girls to be informed at an early date of some uniform color of dress to be worn, say white, —almost all girls having a white dress for summer,—and each to wear a red, white, and blue sash, Highland style. 11. The boys to dress in dark jackets, — all who can, — and each to wear a red, white, and blue rosette on the left breast. 12. The girls’ sashes and the boys’ rosettes to be furnished by the Festival Committee and presented to the children. 13. As soon as the exact number in each school (stating if boys or girls) and the whole number who are to take part in the Festi¬ val can be ascertained, a diagram of the position of the chorus and orchestra will be furnished to each teacher, showing the ex¬ act location of each school in the chorus. 14. All children to be advised by their teachers to retire early on the evening preceding the Festival. 15. Children to meet and be marshalled in their respective school-houses on the morning of the day of the Festival. 16. Arrangements to be made with the Metropolitan, South Boston, and other horse railroad companies, to take all children living beyond a certain distance to some fixed point near the scene of the Festival; the cars to be especially devoted to this purpose for a limited time. 17. As fast as the schools ai’rive, a committee, familiar with the location of each, to assist in seating the children. 18. The several entrances by which the children are to enter and leave the building will be entirely appropriated to their accommo¬ dation, and the police arrangements to guard against crowding, &c. will be found ample for every exigency. 19. A shelf will be placed under each seat for boys’ and girls’ hats and caps during the exercises. 20. A sufficient number of conveniences for the use of boys in one location, and girls in another, will be marked upon the dia¬ gram of apartments immediately connected with or within the- building, so that teachers and overseers can give directions to all children upon that point. 21. An efficient corps of ushers and waiters will be in attend¬ ance who will furnish water or cool lemonade (in small tin cups 10 146 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. to prevent injury from breakage) to those who may require such during the intermissions. Children to be instructed by their teachers to drink very sparingly to prevent illness. 22. In case any boy or girl should require medical aid, it will be advisable to have a few friendly physicians near at hand. 23. A curtain will separate the audience from the children un¬ til such time as all matters are arranged, the time to commence arrived, and the signal for attention is given. 24. The raising of the curtain will bring face to face the largest audience ever assembled upon any musical occasion and the largest and most charming chorus of beautiful children that have ever been seen or heard in any part of the world. Such a legion of well-trained young voices, supported by the harmony of a thousand musical instruments, will inspire and enchant the assemblage beyond the power of language to describe. 25. At the conclusion of the ceremonies horse cars will be in waiting to convey the children home again. May the grace of Almighty God he with the undertaking, and direct it to a successful end! Respectfully submitted by P. S. GILMOKE. The writer was well aware that no suggestions from him were needed so far as the preparation of the pub¬ lic schools was concerned. All praise to the ever- watchful and zealous art-philanthropist Dr. Upham, and his able associates of the Music Committee, the musical exhibitions of the children of Boston are a model to the nation, and the highest proof of the re¬ fined and cultivated elements of which this community is composed. Mr. Gilmore simply wished to show that he comprehended and appreciated the great amount of care, discipline, and responsibility which the prepara¬ tion of a chorus of twenty thousand children would involve ; and with that object in view, the writing and sending of such a document as the foregoing could do no harm if it did no good. The darkness which at this time closed in like a wall around the financial prospects of the undertaking, the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 147 desertion of many who could find no hope of success in its farther prosecution, and, worse still, the secret efforts which were being made by musical enemies to prevent its realization, were not the only elements of discouragement with which it had to contend. The proposal to erect the building upon the Common called forth remonstrance, and was finally the cause of high excitement in the community. The following article from the Boston Daily Advertiser of January 19th was the first strong protest against locating the Coliseum upon the spot above all others the most appropriate : — Earnestly concurring as we do in the general hope that the project for a National Peace Festival next June may move stead¬ ily and prosperously on to a complete success, we must indorse with emphasis the suggestion already made in our columns that the Common is not the proper place for the contemplated Coli¬ seum. The enterprise which Mr. Gilmore’s active mind has con¬ ceived, and which his enthusiastic energy is pushing forward, is a magnificent affair, and the city in which the proposed outpouring of musical rejoicing occurs may well be proud of the achieve¬ ment of an undertaking of such magnitude, and fraught with so many difficulties. But we cannot see that the sympathies of our citizens with so noble a design should be allowed to override the public reverence for what is at the same time one of the most precious and the most easily injured of our local possessions. The Common is an inheritance needing to be guarded with the most constant and the most jealous care. "Improvement” as¬ saults it on one side, while enterprises intrinsically worthy of the heartiest support threaten it on the other. As the widening of Tremont Street advances, the proposition to cut off a slice of the whole length of the Common, and leave one of its noblest rows of elms out in the cold waste of paving-stones, gains in strength and persistency. Already we have seen advocated in print the fol¬ lowing up of the completion of Columbus Avenue by the cutting of a street directly through the heart of the people’s pai'k, to save carriage-owners and horse-car travellers the slight detour through Boylston Street. "Time is money,” we are told, and gold is stronger than sentiment; and so, as a logical deduction, the Common must be sacrificed to save two minutes’ drive to the 148 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. residents of one section of the South End. The citizen who ap¬ preciates the full value of the treasure which the wisdom of our fathers left us — a treasure for which New York or Chicago would give millions were it attainable — has to be constantly in arms against the insidious attacks of projects like these ; and now that the integrity of the Common as a Common is menaced by an enterprise which otherwise demands all his public-spirited assist¬ ance, he must redouble his wariness and fortify his conservatism with new resolution. We need hardly urge any further argument than that the rule against the admission of structures of any kind to the Common is inflexible and cannot be waived even upon an occasion so extraor¬ dinary as this. It may be claimed that the building proposed is only temporary, and that the municipal authorities of the fu¬ ture can never admit such a festival as a precedent for imitation upon inferior pretexts, to the detriment of the character of the people’s breathing-place and play-ground in times to come. But this plea cannot be admitted if the building now projected would be a positive injury to the Common. As to this there can hardly be a doubt. The architect’s plan, which is the daily wonder of thousands on Washington Street, does not go below the surface; but we may safely assume that an amphitheatre to hold fifty thou¬ sand people must have foundations, and that those foundations will require much digging. We may infer also that even Mr. Gil¬ more’s ardor will not erect such a structure, like Aladdin’s pal¬ ace, in a night, or waft it away to a distant spot by a single ges¬ ture of the wand he wields so well. Time must be employed to build and to destroy; and the portion of the Common so unlucky as to be selected will thus be taken from its public uses for an in¬ definite period, and left in no condition to be immediately avail¬ able again. The time selected for this Festival — the third week of June — is that when in our tardy New England climate the nat¬ ural beauties of tree and sward are in their first, freshest, and tenderest loveliness. We are all accustomed to the havoc which is wrought in the young charms brought by the summer, when twenty thousand people or so make the Common a camping and tramping ground on the Fourth of July. Recovery from the effects of that dreadful day often waits far into August. Who shall say what, will be the result, how gradual the convalescence, when three or four times as many people swarm over our lawns and terraces for three Independence Days in succession in June ? The demand might as well be framed to cover the surrender of the dearest jewel of the city’s crown for the whole summer of 1869 at once. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 149 In January the Common is a Cinderella, getting few people’s good word. The horrid compound made by snow and traffic to¬ gether in our streets is brought there by cart-loads and deposited in unsightly mounds. Rough boys coast down its hills in myri¬ ads, and the pedestrian feels that he ventures within its fence almost at the peril of his life. It is just the time to sign away the summer glories of our Boston birthright for a mess of pottage. But we trust no such step will be hastily taken; and we have sufficient faith in the elastic ingenuity of the manager of the na¬ tional concert to know that he will find a way to carry out his plans to victory, even if the use of the Common is denied him. An opposite view of the question appeared in the Saturday Evening Gazette of January 3d. MR. GILMORE AND THE COMMON. Grave objections have been made in high quarters to the use of the lower end of the Common by Mr. Gilmore for the great Musical Jubilee which he intends to put through in this city next June. These objections are urged in no unfriendly spirit towards the enterprise itself, which is of a nature to command the good wishes of all; but purely on the ground of guarding against all encroachments upon that common freehold of the citi¬ zens. It is feared that if this thing be allowed, that precious birthright of Bostonians will erelong be whittled down in vari¬ ous ways and on divers pretences, and at last utterly perverted from its original purpose and present use. Parties, it is said, are already moving for permission to invade the Common in ways that would totally defeat the ends it has hitherto served, for the private pecuniary advantage of individuals and corpora¬ tions, who, “ to gross utilities enslaved,” grudge that there should be a foot of land in the city that does not yield a return of divi¬ dends in cash. The point, it must be confessed, is not ill taken; nevertheless, we have strong doubts whether it can be fairly maintained. Doubtless there are plenty of men in Boston so devout in the worship of the "almighty dollar” that they would gladly coin the ashes of their deceased fathers and mothers and wives and children into gold if they could. Such men will never be want¬ ing in pretexts, more or less plausible, for sacrificing any public inheritance, however sacred, or however fruitful in the higher but more imponderable utilities of mankind, to the conveniences of business and traffic. Returns in dollars and cents are all the com- 150 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. putation that such devotees have any arithmetic for. Of course the choice old reservation of the Common, and the ancient pre¬ scriptive right of the public to the free use and enjoyment there¬ of, cannot be too religiously guarded against all such selfish and ignorant and narrow-minded spoliation. Nothing that, upon fair construction, bears the character or even the appearance of a pre¬ cedent in this kind should be admitted. The doors of authority should be kept firmly and steadfastly closed against the first be¬ ginnings of innovation here. But we cannot see that concession to Mr. Gilmore’s noble en¬ terprise would involve, directly or remotely, any let-up in this be¬ half. Surely it infers no principle which could fairly, or by any straining, lead to the deprecated result. No part of that excel¬ lent, time-honored institution can come in the least peril of defeat or impairment by his proposal. On the contrary, his undertaking stands in perfect keeping with the original design and constant use of that venerable and unsophisticated reservation. His scheme, if he is allowed to carry it through, will only be making the Common subservient to its rightful and proper ends on a some¬ what larger scale, and in a more liberal and generous fashion, than has been attempted before. For to what use, we pray you, was that noble institution set apart, but for the health, recreation, and pleasure of the people ? to be a permanent spot of natural beauty and freshness and de¬ light for care-worn men and women to walk abroad and air them¬ selves, and catch, now and then, little intervals of escape from the oppression of dusty streets and of glaring or frowning walls ? The drift of Mr. Gilmore’s proposal is merely to enhance the use¬ fulness of the Common in this very behalf; to render it more highly contributive to the health, recreation, and pleasure of the people than has hitherto been attempted. We fail to see but that all this, even upon the strictest construction of the original pur¬ pose, is perfectly legitimate. It involves no principle that would open a door to any the least encroachments of business and trade. There is not the slightest invasion or unsanctifying of public right or prescriptive usage in the thing itself or in the just consequences of it. As a medicine for the griefs and perturbations and ill-hu¬ mors that are but too apt to be generated in the hard work of the world, nothing better than honest music has yet been found. It is confessedly among our richest and readiest springs of inward joy and betterment. Next to the great comforts of religion and home and a conscience void of offence, nothing so sweetens away the sourness of time and toil and trouble. Certainly it can in no GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 151 sort tend to pervert the Common from its right use if to its pres¬ ent powers of health and recreation and pleasure there be added the further grace of so innocent, so wholesome, and so refreshing a delectation. To be sure the opportunity of such a public park and pleasure- ground should not be so used for the popular comfort and refresh¬ ment to-day as to defeat or endanger its usefulness in the same kind to-morrow. But Mr. Gilmoi’e’s proposal, as we understand it, neither contemplates nor threatens any such result. If it did, we should not have a word to say in favor of it. Not a single tree, nor a single limb of a tree, need be anywise marred or dis¬ turbed by the admission of his enterprise. Hardly a blade of grass even will have to be sacrificed or interfered with in the pro¬ cess of his undertaking. For the lower end of the Common, where he proposes to pavilion his grand project of a musical synod and parliament, is notoriously kept bare already by the other uses that are made of it. It will not hurt the ground any more to be trodden by builders, or by the makers and lovers of music, than by the feet of boyish amusement and sport. We mean no reflection on the use. the place has long been put to in games of ball and other exercises of that kind. Such use, we take it, is all right; and it is of great consequence that a city like Boston should have a suitable and inviting spot for boys and young men to gather happiness and health in exercises of mus¬ cular strength and agility and skill. Even the blessing of fresh grass and foliaged trees might worthily be made to give place, if need be, to so needful a service. Now it seems to us that Mr. Gilmore’s enterprise is at least as fitting a use of the ground in question as that to which it has customarily been yielded. And if that customary use should be for a while and in a measure interrupted, we can see no great harm in it. But the upshot of all is, that it does not well appear how that part of the Common could be made to serve more fairly or more fruitfully in pursuance of its original aim. As for the benefits which this great convention of musical talent and taste promises in furthering the social, commercial, and material inter¬ ests of the city, they are too obvious to need remarking upon. We will but add that Boston now leads the nation in the great humanizing art of music. To keep and to strengthen that lead¬ ing is well worth her endeavor. No obstacle should for a moment be thrown in the way of giving the most liberal opportunity for the fullest development of this great and harmonious celebration of Peace. 152 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. The location of the building gave very little concern to the projector at this stage of the enterprise; his heart was filled with dismay lest he should not be able to procure the means to erect it upon any ground ; yet, notwithstanding the doubt and apathy of many citizens of Boston which at this period threatened the fortunes of the Festival, elsewhere in the country people were greatly excited and interested in its pro¬ gress. No better proof of this was needed than the numerous letters, seeking for fuller information con¬ cerning the event, which the projector was constantly receiving. The formation of the great Oratorio Chorus could not be deferred much longer. A competent head for each department was next in importance to procuring the pecuniary means. “No matter what stories of the sayings and doings of my musical friends have reached my ears,” said Mr. Gilmore to himself, “ I will no longer heed them. I will be generous to all, whether they help or hinder me. I buried the tomahawk when I entered upon this mission, and the battle must now be fought without even an unkind word from me. I must succeed. I will not admit the possibility of failure. If necessary to be ‘ all things to all men,’ as St. Paul advises, to save my cause, I will charitably overlook all that has been said in disparagement of myself and my undertaking, — I will forget and forgive, and join hands with any and all to effect this one great object of my heart.” So he felt, so he acted. In fact, he made it his duty to endeavor to conciliate the enemy at every point by kindness alone. His own enthusiasm and unselfish motive were working miracles in disarming prejudice and hostility wherever they met him openly; and he was determined to insist upon and persist in this GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 153 course, until all whose co-operation was needed were brought beneath the broad folds of the banner of Peace in the purest spirit of fraternal feeling, that the holy cause which inspired the National Musical Jubilee might in truth be represented by those who among themselves upon this point were one in heart, one in sentiment, and one in purpose. No other feeling than this ever entered his mind during the struggle, which at this period was black with treachery, trial, and dis¬ appointment. A little Christian heroism to bear and forbear shed light and incense over all; and while it fortified his spirit with resignation to submit to every blow, it strengthened his resolution to strike louder and stronger the great chord of national harmony that was already vibrating all over the land, and which he believed in his soul was decreed in the high court of Heaven to mark the new era of purer principles in the relations of man towards man, and to commemorate the reunion under one flag of forty millions of people. What nobler form could this commemoration take than that of a grand outburst of song, — the universal liar- monizer? and it was for those whom God endowed with this spiritual gift to come together and give expression to the sentiment of the nation in the hour of her complete triumph over all internal dis¬ sensions. Who should occupy the post of honor and form the grand centre of this gathering of the musical hosts ? To whom by right should this courtesy be extended ? There was one society in the city — the Handel and Haydn — which was fully entitled to this position, and which would form a splendid nucleus to the grand chorus. It was justly considered the best musical or¬ ganization in the land, and from its high reputation others would naturally be inclined to follow its lead. 154 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Appreciating all this, Mr. Gilmore addressed the follow¬ ing communication to its Board of Directors: — Boston, January 26, 1869. To the Board of Directors, Handel and IIadyn Society. Gentlemen, — In using my best judgment to place in proper hands the management and organization of each and every department connected with the Great National Peace Jubilee and Musical Festival proposed to be held in this city in the month of June, I turn to you to ask that you will take under your charge the general supervision of the great Oratorio Chorus, who are to take so prominent a part in that national celebration. You, who already stand at the head of the most renowned Society in the land, — around whom every society and vocalist in New England will feel it an honor to be invited to gather, — you, gentlemen, have it in your power to place this department in such condition as will bring honor upon yourselves, and will give everlasting musical fame to the American nation. The conducting of the Oratorio music is placed in the hands of Mr. Carl Zerralin, and I had hoped that Mr. L. B. Barnes, your successful Secretary , would accept a similar position in the organization of the Festival Chorus, but in that, I regret to be disappointed. Whoever shall fill that position, must of necessity devote much time to the duties required, and, so far as your per¬ sonal labors are concerned, I could not ask you to devote any more time to the undertaking than would be agreeable to yourselves. I would simply ask, that you may act as coun¬ cil, to hear, read, and review the doings of the Secretary; to give him the benefit of your advice and experience, and to take such other part as would be most satisfactory to yourselves. I would ask of you the assistance of your noble Society, and the passage of a resolution by your Board that will add strength and eclat to the whole undertaking. It will immediately become apparent to you, how much aid and valuable service you can be to this great Festival. I ask such aid and service in the name of a national celebration of Peace ; in the name of the widows and orphans who are to GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 155 receive the benefit thereof; and in the name of the musical renown of the nation and of our own good city of Boston. 1 have the honor to remain, gentlemen, Your very obedient servant, P. S. GILMORE. Day after day the writer anxiously awaited some response, — some word of acknowledgment and encour¬ agement in reply to the above letter; but he waited until he was weary of waiting, and no answer came. Yet he made up his mind that the thing must go on, if not with them, then without them : if they would not lead, they might be willing to follow. Nothing could restrain the ardor of singers every¬ where throughout the country. They were growing louder and louder in their demand for information as to what they should do, if they were wanted, and how soon rehearsals would begin. This was the feeling! These were the unmistakable signs of the great up¬ rising ! Peace struck the key-note of the song the whole people wished to sing. The Union was re¬ stored ; the country was free; and in honor of these glorious events the American eagle was determined to lift up its voice and give one sublime outburst of exultant joy; to have one magnificent carnival, one grand fete of rejoicing, — even though the time-hon¬ ored caterers, the Handel and Haydn Society, were unwilling to furnish anything but cold water for the feast. But let us pass on, leaving them on the shelf for a while. There were people of greater power and influ¬ ence in the musical world than they, even non-resi¬ dents, who came forward with warm words of encour¬ agement at the time that some of these gentlemen were going round chanting in solemn and impressive strain a funeral dirge for the enterprise. 156 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Here is the opinion of one who has not only a na¬ tional but a universal musical reputation, — Max Ma- retzek, the well-known manager and director of the Grand Italian Opera : — Boston, January 26, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. My dear Sir, — I am not astonished to find the citizens of Boston unanimously in favor of supporting the great Musical Festival which you propose shall take place in this city in the month of June. I have been much interested in reading your grand prospec¬ tus ; and while I am sure that the boldness and great magni¬ tude of its conception will merit for you the admiration and best wishes of all musicians and musical people everywhere, its object — a National Jubilee, a great celebration of Peace — is deserving of the sympathy and support of every individual in the land. Boston may well feel proud of such an idea, and may assur¬ edly look forward to a musical demonstration that will eclipse all entertainments of the kind that have ever taken place in this country or in any other, and one that will attract people from all parts of Europe, as well as from all parts of this con¬ tinent. If my own services can be of any use to you in carrying out your perfectly feasible and great plan, I shall be most happy to assist you to the best of my ability. Wishing your noble en¬ terprise every success, I remain, dear sir, Your friend and servant, MAX MARETZEK. Still another from Mr. George F. Root, of the well- known music publishing house of Root and Cady, Chicago, Illinois: — Nonantum House, Newton Corner, January 29, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. My dear Sir, — I need not tell you that your great enter¬ prise is exciting universal attention among musical people, but you may not know how enthusiastically leading singers from GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 157 all sections of the country will flock to your ranks when all things are ready. I have occasion to know about this from the musical conven¬ tions I have just been meeting in this neighborhood. We, in Chicago, know something of your energy and perse¬ verance, and this, backed up by solid old Boston, makes me, for one, feel confident of your success. Anything I can do is at your service, for this is truly a national affair. GEORGE F. ROOT. An interview with Mr. Curtis Guild, already men¬ tioned, relating to the best means of getting the vari¬ ous branches of trade interested in the Jubilee, resulted in an arrangement that Mr. Gilmore should appear be¬ fore the Commercial Club at their monthly meeting and explain the nature, prospects, and needs of his project. Accordingly on the afternoon of Saturday, January 31, he presented himself to state his case. This Club was composed of the following gentlemen, nearly all of whom were present; and a better specimen of the merchants and representative men of Boston could scarcely be brought together : — Charles H. Allen, W. Henry Allen, Edward Atkinson, George D. Baldwin, A. W. Beard, J. W. Bliss, J. W. Candler, Geo. 0. Carpenter, Henry S. Chase, Edmund W. Converse, J. Cummings, Jr., Francis Dane, J. H. Danforth, Oliver Ditson, Jas. A. Dupee, E. F. Emery, J. W. Faxon, Henry L. Fearing, Isaac Fenno, Geo. J. Fisher, Robt. 0. Fuller, Thomas Gaffield, Curtis Guild, Geo. K. Guild, Geo. W. Heath, Hamilton A. Hill, William Hilton, Ichabod Howland, M. P. Kennard, E. W. Kinsley, Weston Lewis, F. W. Lincoln, Jr., Henry C. Morse, Fred. Nickerson, Jas. R. Osgood, Edward Page, Chas. F. Parker, F. H. Peabody, Avery Plumer, Alexander H. Rice, Moses W. Richardson, Eugene H. Sampson, Chas. W. Scudder, M. S. Scudder, Geo. 0. Sears, C. A. B. Shepard, S. T. Snow, John H. Thorndike, A. S. Tozier, Lawson Valentine. 158 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. As lie came under the searching eyes of the u friend¬ ly fifty,” — many of whom felt, no doubt, that the introduction of a man upon such a mission was an in¬ trusion upon their privacy, — his first greeting was an impressive whisper, from his friend Major Carpen¬ ter, giving him a very broad hint to make his story short. “ Gentlemen,” said he, “ you are kind enough to give me an opportunity to appear before you to give you some information as to the progress and prospects of the proposed National Peace Jubilee. I will explain in the fewest words possible how the matter stands, and how much you have it in your power to aid in bringing about this great musical festival.” The speaker then took up the programme, and as he dwelt upon the cause of the Jubilee, and described the scenes and effects that were to be produced, he felt his blood slow with the warmth of his feeling's. It was a moment when he would have been, if he could, eloquent; for he knew he was addressing those whose judgment in his case would affect for better or for worse the opinion of the business men of Boston. His remarks were well received, and Mr. Oliver Ditson and other gentlemen present heartily indorsed his statements. The signs were auspicious. He had evidently made quite a favorable impression. He passed around the subscription-books which were pre¬ pared for each branch of business, and as each gen¬ tleman received the one that bore the title of the branch which he represented he seemed disposed to retain it. This looked promising; and while the in¬ truder answered many questions relating to the coming event, it was a source of the highest gratification to him to imagine all these gentlemen going the rounds next day eagerly soliciting aid for the Jubilee. He GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 159 felt that in twenty-four hours its financial success would be an accomplished fact, — that, the papers would be teeming with complimentary notices of this, that, and the other gentleman of the Club, who by personal effort had raised immense sums in their respective lines; that fifty different branches of business were vying with each other to see which would subscribe the largest amount for the grand festival. This charm¬ ing delusion, however, was quickly dispelled, when he saw the books being passed -back to him ; and a few moments later he went as he came, with all the “trades and callings” under his arm, with not a mark for a dollar or a word about a subscription! “ 0 what a fall was there, my countrymen! ” The sweet delusion that had filled his mind for many days and nights with joyous anticipations of what the Commer¬ cial Club would do had vanished like the “ baseless fabric of a vision,” and he found himself once more out in the cold world groping through oppressive darkness, with only a flickering ray of hope to guide him. To be instantly cast down from such a height of expecta¬ tion occasioned the keenest mental anguish. No beautiful dreams of golden fruits from the tree of Commerce visited his pillow that sad night. The pro¬ lific “ branches of trade ” still hung high above his reach, and would not “ come down.” So the weary fes- tivalist retired, but not to rest: his world of darkness was filled with grim phantoms of despair. Next morning, however, he had the pleasure of learning from a member of the club, Mr. Curtis Guild, that his remarks made a very favorable impression upon all, and that one gentleman, the president of a bank in State Street, admitted that he was so af¬ fected by the statement of Mr. Gilmore that the tears actually came to his eyes. 160 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. “By Jove!” said the Jubileeist, “I must see that gentleman immediately. Please give me his address. 1 will endeavor to draw something from him besides tears! ” Fifteen minutes later the writer was confronting the worthy bank president. He admitted that he had been very much interested in the statement of the plan and prospects of the Peace Jubilee which he had listened to the previous evening. It was a wonderful conception, perfectly charming to the imagination ; but it was almost beyond the bounds of reason to think that it could ever be realized. He feared it would be an utter impossibility to make such a gigantic under¬ taking a success. Consequently he was not prepared to subscribe without further consideration. The drawer of tears felt like shedding a few him¬ self as the door closed behind him. To think his elo¬ quence could wring priceless pearls from the eyes, and yet fail to unlock the grosser treasures of which this bank president held the key, was not an inspiring thought. “ 0 for the Midas touch to turn those tears into gold ! ” he -sighed. But that gift of the gods was not his, and he must wait till another good angel moved the waters. How difficult it is to obtain money, even for the best cause under heaven! Ay, to help the cause of Heaven itself there are those who would not give a dollar. Yet Heaven values tears more than dollars, as they are the true coinage of the heart; and he who will shed them, like the worthy bank president, in sympathy with that in which he has no faith, may be relied upon to give his dollars as well as his tears in any cause where his faith and sympathy are com¬ bined. But in this speculative age men are so often imposed upon by blatant blusterers that they have GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 161 learned to mistrust all who sing siren songs about their pockets, and wait till they have had time to overhaul the most deserving project before they con¬ tribute to it. So, though the impression made upon the members of the Commercial Club was not productive of immediate results, yet many if not all those gentle¬ men subscribed afterwards and became deeply inter¬ ested in the enterprise. Through their influence a better tone of public feeling was created and greater confidence in the undertaking began to pervade busi¬ ness circles. While the writer was endeavoring to interest the Commercial Club, and putting forth his utmost exer¬ tions to induce merchants and business men to aid the good work, not only for the advancement of music in general, but for the benefit of Boston in particular, Mr. John S. Dwight, — to whom reference has heretofore been made as one of the most per¬ sistent enemies of the Jubilee, — was before another club, the most influential body of musical gentlemen in the country, doing all in his power to bring the idea into ridicule. It was on the occasion of the annual dinner of the Harvard Musical Association at the Revere House, when nearly fifty gentlemen sat down to the feast, that he, in a characteristic after- dinner speech, indulged himself in a most bitter denun¬ ciation of the whole idea. The gentlemen whom lie addressed, though perhaps not fully in sympathy with the movement at the time, looked upon Mr. Dwight’s harangue as puerile and silly; and while it gained no credit for him, it made more friends than enemies for Mr. Gilmore and his cause. About this time another gentleman who had been considered a friend to the enterprise, and who knew every phase of the desperate struggle for life through 11 162 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. which it was passing, made an adroit move to give it a very wide berth, — in fact, to have it “left out in the cold ” altogether. The triennial fair of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association taking place this year, at a meet¬ ing of the Board of Officers of that Society something Avas said about using the proposed Coliseum building for the Industrial Exhibition. No sooner was this made public than Mr. L. B. Barnes of the Handel and Haydn Society came out in an article in the Boston Daily Evening Transcript in advocacy of building a large hall, and urged the starting of a subscription at once for the purpose. There could be no objection to this, of course; but' why in doing this Mr. Barnes should make it his busi¬ ness to inform the Mechanics’ Association, and the pub¬ lic generally, that the great building proposed for the National Jubilee would not be suitable for their pur¬ pose, and for many others which he named, was a mat¬ ter of remark at the time, and could be attributed to no friendly feeling at least towards the musical festival. The following extracts from the article alluded to will satisfy any candid reader that Mr. Barnes did not write it with a view to help the object or the efforts of Mr. Gilmore. A New Hall. —That Boston .... requires a hall equal to all occasions of unusual gatherings, whether political, religious, social, or artistic, admits no longer of a doubt. That many of our leading citizens feel an interest in the matter is very certain, and in the opinion of the writer it only requires the initiative of some influential body of citizens to insure its success. It is known that the Mechanics’ Association decided at their last meeting to hold a fair in the autumn, and that this very ques¬ tion of a hall was before them. Suggestions have been made in reference to the Coliseum, which it is proposed to erect for the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 163 great National Peace Jubilee, projected by Mr. Gilmore,, as a suitable place for such an industrial exhibition. Objections will be raised to this, as the building, if erected on Boston Common, could not be allowed to remain until the time agreed on for the exhibition ; and even if erected on any other grounds would not be suitable for the purposes required . That the truly patriotic and immensely grand undertaking of Mr. Gilmore may succeed is the hope of the writer, who sees no practical difficulty in the way of its consummation, though a chorus of somewhat lesser dimensions would seem to be a more feasible plan; and as everything now rests with our liberal and patriotic business men and merchants, its success should be an ac¬ knowledged fact already. The immense building, however, which is contemplated in this connection, can in no manner serve for any of the uses named in this article . Such a hall as the one here contemplated need not be erected in the heart of the city; but let a vacant lot be selected some¬ where in one of the southern wards, .... and the necessary subscriptions may be raised if taken hold of by the gentlemen of the Mechanics’ Association, in time for its erection and occupation for their great Fair in September . l. b. b. This ingenious article served in part the ends and pur¬ poses of its author, inasmuch as it caused the question to be raised by many who were called upon to subscribe, whether it would pay to build an expensive tempo¬ rary edifice for the sole purpose of holding one festi¬ val. To overcome this damaging plea of Mr. Barnes against the structure for the Peace Jubilee necessitated going over the whole ground again in many quarters, strengthening by stronger argument and more enthu¬ siastic advocacy the work so artfully assailed. Nor is this the end of the catalogue of obstacles and opposing influences with which the man of faith had to contend at this period of the struggle. The New York press took up the cudgels against it, and be¬ rated the whole thing with great gusto. The Tribune did not believe in it: it would be too unwieldy to manage. In an editorial upon the subject it stated : — 164 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. “ There is a limit to the number of voices which can sing effec¬ tively together, — a limit fixed by the laws of acoustics, — and ten thousand is just about ten times too many. The same thing may be said of the orchestra. It is impossible for a thousand men, playing together, to produce good music.One hun¬ dred would be an abundance.There is liberality and pub¬ lic spirit enough in Boston to carry out any reasonable scheme for a great national celebration, and musical taste and culture enough to furnish a superb entertainment; but before the money for this affair is subscribed we presume that a little common sense will have to be infused into the management.” The u solid men of Boston ” nodded their indorse¬ ment of the above. Such a note from such a trumpet as the Tribune, which is the very mouth-piece of the people in speaking bold words for every worthy cause, was certainly not looked for, and took many besides Mr. Gilmore by surprise. It was the “ unkindest cut of all,” and strengthened the position of the enemy im¬ mensely. In justice to the Tribune, however, and to its talented musical editor, Mr. J. R. G. Hassard, Mr. Gilmore very soon found out the fact that articles which appeared in that influential paper opposing the Jubilee were from the pen of a “ reliable informant,” — a volunteer scribe in Massachusetts. Coming from such an authority, it is not surprising the Tribune should have shaped its course accordingly ; conse¬ quently every article which appeared in its columns relating to the Festival was, to say the least, cold and discourae-ina;. O O The New York Sun also burst out unexpectedly in the blackest hour, and came scorching hot upon the head of the struggling projector and his scheme, pre¬ senting the whole matter in a most ridiculous light, — crying “ Havoc ” and letting loose the “ dogs of war,” which tore round terribly among Boston notions in gen¬ eral. Though severely Sun-struck, the jubileeist kept GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 165 his head cool and went on fighting for the Peace Jubilee. He paid a visit to the “ Sun ”; explained how much he had suffered from the force of its rays, after which it generously permitted him to remain in the shade until he had gained sufficient strength to bear its brightest flashes. He had some good backers from the beginning, but at this critical juncture he was almost single-handed in the struggle, and the chances of vic¬ tory looked very, very dubious. With so many different elements of opposition ar¬ rayed against him at this time, both at home and abroad, it was indeed a desperate battle for one to fight against such heavy odds; and verily, in the lan¬ guage of the old darkey, “ Dar was a mighty heap o’ trouble on de ole man’s mind! ” Even the generous press of Boston, which had done all that was possible to aid the cause, were beginning to think that they had wasted powder enough, and were inclined to give ear to the discouraging pre¬ dictions of “ failure ” set afloat in all directions by the opposition. They felt that if what they had al¬ ready said was not sufficient to secure the liberal encouragement the enterprise deserved, nothing could be accomplished by pressing the matter further ; at all events, they thought it was full time to make a clear statement to the public of the financial condition and prospects of the affair. "Well, gentlemen,” said Mr. Gilmore, addressing a few friends connected with the press, "here is just how the matter stands. The musical people every¬ where are looking forward to the realization of this idea with great enthusiasm. Never has there been such an interest created among this class in this or in any other country. Men of means hang back it is true ; but that may in part be attributed to the covert 166 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. and open opposition of musical enemies who are doing all they can to crush the whole scheme. They are a bigoted and prejudiced set, who, if they cannot bring everything of a musical character in this city within the narrow compass of their own contracted notions, are sure to set their faces against it. The platform of this enterprise is entirely too broad for them; the char¬ acter of the music, as I predicted, too popular, too varied, and of too many schools. They care not to please the ear of the great mass of the people, who are not supposed to be, in fact who do not pretend to be, educated in music, and who would at any time rather hear a stirring selection, something familiar, ay, even a national or patriotic air, than the best symphony. Yet, while it is my aim to give them as much of the classical as they will bear, the ‘ clique ’ would not per¬ mit anything but the classical to be heard. They would have the programmes of this festival like those of our Harvard Musical Association; the Philharmonic of New York, or the most classical concerts in Eu¬ rope, which seldom interest or call together, even in the largest cities, more than a few thousand people. True indeed the leaders and managers of such con¬ certs are doing a noble work for art, and for the gratification of highly cultivated musical tastes; but the great Peace Jubilee is for the million , and its pro¬ gramme very properly includes much that the million can enjoy, and this is one reason why the whole thing is so bitterly denounced by those extreme high-art fa¬ natics, who have no sympathy whatever with anybody or anything that does not conform to their standard of what is right in the world of music. “Again, gentlemen, another cause of their animosity springs from the fact that this idea, as jW know, originated with me; and people of narrow views are GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 167 apt to become jealous of any one in their own line of business who makes an attempt to do something upon a grander scale than usual. Since the first moment this great Festival was announced, I have been sneered at and ridiculed behind my back by ‘ professional ’ enemies for liaving the presumption to think of such an undertaking, and while I have been using every means to win friends and support for the Peace Jubi¬ lee, upon the basis of its appropriateness, its grandeur, its magnificence, my amiable contemporaries have been denouncing it as a preposterous notion, a monstrous conception, which if carried out would only bring ridicule upon Boston for getting up a e deluge of sound ’ such as the world never heard before and would never wish to hear again. This is the spirit I have had to contend with, and I can hardly expect that merchants or business men will put their hands in their pockets to contribute towards a musical project represented in the light that this is by jealous musical people. “But, gentlemen, although my progress has been retarded by every conceivable obstacle, I believe in my soul that the Peace Jubilee is ordained by a higher than human power to take place; and I am more determined to-day than ever before that it shall take place. Therefore, stand by a little longer. Do not lose faith in the good work. Without your aid I can do nothing, but with it everything, everything , gentlemen, can and will be overcome. The prospect is brighter now than it has been for some weeks. The Jubilee staff of advertisers and solicitors, which now includes Messrs. George Coolidge & Son, B. W. Williams & Son, Colonel Thomas Richardson, A. G. Hills, F. E. Faxon, A. F. Lincoln, and other earnest and active workers, are getting on bravely in their 168 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. labors in behalf of tlie cause, and in one way and another are making encouraging progress. Musical people abroad and the community generally wish to see the thing carried through, and this pressure from without is beginning to be felt by Boston. Here is a full list of the subscribers, with the amount subscribed so far, in which you will find many names for a thou¬ sand dollars each. “ The enemy, who are aware of my strength, have been pushing me very hard and predicting my sur¬ render ; but that word was blotted out of my vocabu¬ lary when I commenced this campaign. “ A little military strategy must now be resorted to, which I am confident will lead to success. There¬ fore, as general in chief, I would command that this list of names and the several amounts be published, not all at once, but separately, for the impression pre¬ vails, and has prevailed for some time, that a much larger sum has been pledged. This is the reason why I have not given it to the press before; and should you now give the whole list at one time, the public would be very much disappointed: all my ammunition would be gone; the Peace Jubilee would Tall to the ground, and that would be the end of it. “ My plan is this: treat every coming day as if it were a river, and use each thousand-dollar subscription as a pontoon bridge to carry the public over. Lay down one bridge to-day, another to-morrow, another next day, and so on, until a golden chain of bridges stretches across the dark stream upon the brink of which so many now stand and fear to further go. Depend upon it a whole army of volunteers will then arise to join in the grand advance, and those who have pursued the scheme from the beginning with such relentless opposition will be swallowed in the flood of enthusiasm that will roll in upon them. GJREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 169 “Try it, gentlemen; the enemy are right on our heels, and there is no such thing as going backwards. • 4 Forward! ’ is the word ; so lay down your first bridge to-morrow, and the thing will be done.” The plan was adopted and worked to a charm. The public were informed each day through the papers that Mr. So-and-so (giving the name) had subscribed a thou¬ sand dollars towards the National Peace Jubilee; and it began to appear, after eight or ten of these announce¬ ments, that there was no end to the thousands that were being subscribed. Papers far and near copied the reports of these munificent subscriptions, and the projector began to receive warm and hearty congratu¬ lations from one and another, and hope and sunshine at last broke through the dark clouds of despondency. Friends and acquaintances bowed and smiled once more, and words of encouragement came pouring in from every quarter. The question was now often asked by the curious, “ How much have you really got in all, Gilmore ? ” In answering such inquiries the “interviewed” indi¬ vidual never knew exactly how matters stood, and he was always in too much of a hurry to figure up the account! He knew hoiv to keep a secret. To swell the subscription-list was still the chief aim of the projector; now that the steam was up it would never do to permit it to go down; he wished to see the names roll up and the money marked down, and his hopes were gratified to a limited extent. Among the numbers he had previously called upon to subscribe there was one gentleman, Mr. Eben D. Jordan, the head of the great dry-goods firm of Jordan, Marsh, & Co., whose aid and support, above all others, he wished to secure. He had presented himself once or twice at the counting-room of the above firm, but the magnetic 170 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. glance of Mr. Jordan warned him off as if he had said in so many words, “ Don’t come near me now, or off goes your head. I have something more important to think of at present than to listen to your story about ‘ four- and-twenty fiddlers all in a row.’ ” But Mr. Jordan was not unmindful of these visits. He knew what they were for, and what was wanted; and at length Mr. Gilmore received with a glad heart a summons to appear before that gentleman. “Well, Gilmore,” said Mr. Jordan, in his off-hand, business way, “ I have been watching your movements on the great Jubilee question for some time. How do they respond ? Are they coming up to time along the line ? The papers seem to say the thing is all right. How much have you got, all told ? Will you be able to carry out the programme ? ” These comprehensive questions soon drew out of the projector all he knew about the matter, and the inter¬ view resulted in Mr. Jordan’s adding a thousand dol¬ lars to the subscription-list in the name of his firm. As the “happy man” left the office of Jordan, Marsh, & Co. he said to himself: “ Mr. Jordan, you are the man for me ! You are a success, of yourself, and what¬ ever you are interested in is sure to succeed! You can have any position you want on our staff, or take full command of the ship just as soon as you please! You have plenty of backbone, and everybody knows it. We may want to use a little of it, and I rather guess we will make you Treasurer. This would suit the public, and give folks confidence that the finances are in the right hands. You are very fond of music, too, and now that your name is on the list I will freeze to you, and never let go my grip until you have taken fast hold of the helm. Then we shall have plain sailing, and the noble ship ‘ Peace Jubilee ’ will GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 171 weather all the storms of prejudice, and drop her anchor firm and sure in the hearts of the citizens of Boston. When you are Treasurer a few old croak¬ ers may begin to sing, ‘ Jordan has a hard road to travel ’; but they will learn to sing another song just as soon as they hear the sort of music you can grind out when you commence turning the crank of the great Jubilee organ.” The resolution to put Mr. Jordan in as Treasurer gave fresh vigor to the whole undertaking, and awoke several new ideas in the mind of the projector; one of the brightest of which was to call immediately upon Mr. Horatio Harris, a gentleman of large means, great liberality, and a true lover of art. After a short preamble by the autograph-seeker, Mr. Harris took the book, asked a few questions, and down went his name for a thousand dollars. These were the kind of “pontoons” that were now being laid day after day by the press, upon which the public were crossing the river of doubt with the feel¬ ing that there was no such thing as going under while such strong and firm “hearts of oak” were united in the construction. What nobler proof of disinterested liberality could be presented than the thousand-dollar subscription of Horatio Harris, a gentleman in no way connected with business that could in the least degree be benefited from such an undertaking? It was a pure gift laid upon the altar of music; and like that of many others, served as an unanswerable refutation of the charge that no one would subscribe who did not expect to get back principal and interest through the increase of business likely to be brought about by the Jubilee. If there is any city in the world more deserving of fame than another for its liberality and willingness to 172 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. help everything that is considered for the public good, that city is Boston ; and although its moneyed men did not come forward to aid this enterprise with their usual unanimity, it was because they saw that some of the standard musical critics and musical people looked upon such a gigantic enterprise as a very doubtful experiment, and were bitterly opposed to the whole thing; but even in the face of all this doubt and oppo¬ sition there were those who were willing to pay liber¬ ally to have the “great experiment” fairly tried. Among that number was Alderman Lewis Rice, proprietor of the American House, who, it was well known, had a purse long and strong enough to bear any amount of strain; and a visit to that gentleman demonstrated the fact that he also had a heart big enough to join the thousand-dollar circle. A similar sum was subscribed by Messrs. Booth, Tompkins, and Thayer, the managers of the Boston Theatre ; and the following note from the old firm of F. Skinner & Co. speaks for itself: — Boston, February 18, 1869. Mr. P. S. Gilmore. Dear Sir, — In aid of your enterprise, having in view a na¬ tional celebration of Peace, upon the basis which you have promulgated through the press, we hereby empower you to place our name upon the subscription-list of the foundation fund for the sum of two thousand dollars, and we wish you complete success in the undertaking. Respectfully yours, F. SKINNER & CO. The celebrated clothing firm of Macullar, Williams, and Parker subscribed five hundred dollars; and through the influence and personal application of Major George 0. Carpenter (firm of Carpenter, Woodward, and Mor¬ ton), the drug trade ; Mr. Frank Bush (firm of Bent and GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 173 Bush), the hat and fur business; Mr. Shepard (firm of Lee and Shepard), the book publishers; and Mr. Charles S. Kendall (Rice, Kendall, & Co.), the paper dealers, subscribed over three thousand dollars for season tickets in their several branches of business. Notwithstanding these encouraging advances, there were many weary halts in the march to success; as an example of which it may be stated that, in visiting over sixty firms in one line of business in one day, not one dollar was subscribed. The nature of some of the obstacles which blocked the way may be judged from the following private letter, now published by permis¬ sion. It gives the experience of a gentleman (Gen¬ eral George B. Drake, of the firm of Drake, Leman, & Co., Commission Merchants) who has a -legion of friends in Boston, and who through personal friendship for Mr. Gilmore, and a love of music, devoted his time for several days to soliciting aid for the cause among the merchants in his own line of business. Boston, February 20, 1869. My dear Gilmore,— I have presented the Peace Jubilee prospectus and subscrip¬ tion-book to a large number of the most influential among our Commission Merchants, and have endeavored to explain the perfect feasibility of your magnificent plan, and to enlist their interest and co-operation, but regret exceedingly to say that, although I had not been over sanguine of receiving much en¬ couragement at first in the way of direct subscriptions, yet the discouragement actually encountered on all hands and in every conceivable way has far exceeded my expectations. In all instances the objections were frivolous and easily an¬ swered, but, I am compelled to add, were not infrequently accompanied by positive expressions of hostility toward the enterprise that were not only discouraging, but mortifying to me in the extreme, for I heartily wished that Boston should for once witness a festival on the gigantic scale proposed, and ex- 174 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. perience such enthusiasm as your great concert in New Orleans created; of which it may be truly said, that, up to the present time, it has never been equalled in this country, either in mag¬ nitude, grand effect, or in wonderful musical combination. Having had the pleasure of lending my humble assistance on that occasion, I was the better prepared to urge the claims of your present great undertaking, but even with the authority of experience, all the arguments and facts I could bring to bear were without adequate effect, and of the many firms I have canvassed, only one has had the confidence to subscribe for a One-hundred-dollar season ticket. This unsatisfactory experience does not of course impair my perfect confidence in the final success of the Peace Jubilee, but it seems to prove that it will be a long and tedious matter to rely upon personal efforts only, in obtaining subscriptions among down-town firms. . . . Regretting not being able to make a more encouraging report of my experience with the merchants in the branch of trade that I am connected with, and begging you to command me in any way that I can be of service, I remain as ever, Very faithfully yours, GEORGE B. DRAKE. Several instances of similar experience to the above which increased the trials and troubles of the weary combatant might here be given, but the good fight still went on, and no thought but that of victory ever found lodgement in his mind. The old school of active as well as retired merchants, and men of that class, generally refused to lend the enterprise any encour¬ agement whatever. This was owing very much to the fact that those called into council upon the subject at the outset, by the Hon. William Gray, refused to strike the fund -amental chord : as they harped others sang; their music was no expense to anybody, and like all free concerts, they soon had a large attendance to applaud their dismal strains. Their one monoto¬ nous tune sounded dolefully to the ears of the jubilee- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 175 ist, and lie tried hard to have it changed; but they wished it to be understood that when they said “ No ” they meant “No.” 0 that terrible discordant “No!” How like a round shot it tore through his brain, or fell like a dead, heavy weight upon his heart! Their one lugubrious note, “ It can’t be done ! Let it alone; it can’t be done ! ” still haunts him like a frightful dream. It met him at the street corners like a bitter blast, and threw its cold shadow over him on the sunniest days. Ugh! he shivers now at the thought of it. But such men, after all, are the conservators of the public good. They do not readily fall in with new notions, but when they take hold of a good idea they cling to it with perti¬ nacious fidelity, and none are so strong as they in put¬ ting it through. This same band of croakers had sung many sweet songs in their day, the memory of which will long make melody in their hearts. “ 0 that the scales could have fallen from their eyes, and the glorious Peace Jubilee have been revealed to them in all its beauty and benignity! ” is the one great regret of the heart that still honors the men while it cannot wholly forget their unsympathizing course towards the grand festival. The writer will here say, in passing, that he did not wholly abandon the hope of winning Mr. Gray’s favor and support after the first unfavorable decision of those whom, in kindness to Mr. Gilmore, he called together to consider the matter. When he had secured sub¬ scriptions to the amount of several thousand dollars he called upon him again, and, stating the case just as it was, asked him if he would not then use his influ¬ ence to aid the enterprise. His answer, slow and im¬ pressive, was simply this : “ I have nothing to say.” The intruder, feeling that this was not a decided “ No" still persevered, and tried to win a few encour¬ aging words ; but Mr. Gray was immovable, and again 176 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. repeated with greater emphasis, “ I have nothing to sag.” This fairly took the courage out of “ Mr. Persever¬ ance,” who in his confusion in looking for the door forgot even to say “ Good morning, sir ! ” Still, as he went away he said to himself: “ Mr. Gray, I ’ll not give you up yet. You are too good and too influential a man to be left out in the cold. You have done so many noble things in your life that I ’ll give you one more chance before abandoning all hope of securing your support.” Some days after this second interview the projector sent Mr. George Coolidge, who was laboring in the interest of the Festival, to see what he could do, but he received no better encouragement; and later still, the writer, believing in perseverance, addressed a note to Mr. Gray to the effect that, if it would not be disagreeable, he would ask the privilege of calling upon him once more, having something important to lay be¬ fore him in relation to the Jubilee. No answer being received, it was accepted as silent proof that the visit would not be agreeable ; consequently the case was given up as “ Hopeless,” which word was reluctantly recorded in the memoranda against more than one noble and honored name. Mr. Eben D. Jordan, whose name was now upon the list of supporters of the enterprise, was one of the original council that met in Mr. Gray’s counting-room, which decided adversely to the prosecution of the Peace Jubilee enterprise; but having been called away from the meeting before these gentlemen had terminated their deliberations, he, fortunately for the festival, did not feel bound by their decision. Indeed, he was too thoroughly imbued with the spirit of Young America and the spirit of enterprise, which have made him one of the most prominent and successful merchants GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 177 in the country, to rest easy under an embargo which he felt was against the true interest of Boston. He therefore joined the vanguard of stanch supporters of the Festival, and talked up the undertaking with a vim that gave greater confidence to not only those who were already engaged in it, but to those who had held themselves aloof. But while the projector was endeavoring to over¬ come difficulties and add to the financial strength of the enterprise, the great musical features, including the organization of the “ immortal ten thousand ” who were to sing the song of Peace, were not neglected. Being unable to enlist the services or interest of the officers of the Handel and Haydn Society to aid in the formation of the chorus, the already overtaxed projec¬ tor— who was in constant receipt of letters from socie¬ ties and individuals desiring to join the grand army of vocalists — continued to answer their inquiries and to encourage the formation of new musical societies, while at the same time he was on the lookout for one to whom he could intrust the supervision of that im¬ portant department. At length his mind became fixed upon Mr. Eben Tourjee, Director of the New England Conservatory of Music, a gentleman who was in every way qualified for the position, and he offered him the office. At first Mr. Tourjee hesitated, knowing the great amount of labor the undertaking would involvehe feared that it might interfere with his other engage¬ ments and add too much to his responsibilities; but he pointed out the duties and the difficulties of the position so clearly that Mr. Gilmore said to him: "You are just the man for the post. You who can comprehend the magnitude and the character of the undertaking so fully, and point out the mode of 12 178 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. discipline and the manner of proceeding necessary, even to the smallest detail, to form a complete organi¬ zation, — you who can do this with such clearness and foresight, must neither fear the labor nor decline the responsibility : all other duties must yield to this greatest duty of all. To cultivate and elevate the musical taste of the masses seems to be the aim of your life, and ably and well are you performing your noble mission ; but now is your great opportunity, now you can do more and better for the interests of music in one grand effort than in a lifetime by the ordinary methods; you can make thousands inter¬ ested where now are only hundreds. You will never regret any sacrifices you may make in behalf of so good and great a cause. I will provide such clerical aid as you may need, and will otherwise assist you in your responsible department to the extent of my ability. So give me your hand and say that you will accept the position.” Mr. Tourjee would not decide without reflection ; but his inmost soul had already decided. He went home to sleep and dream over it, — or, more truly speaking, to lay awake the livelong night, and look up to heaven, and think, think, think of the magnificent picture, the wonderful work of and for art that he was commissioned to prepare and present for the admira¬ tion of the nation, — of the world. He accepted the trust, and on the 23d day of February assumed the superintendence of the grand chorus. An assistant was now wanted who could in some measure anticipate the wishes as well as carry out the views of Mr. Tourjee. Letters seeking information were pouring in from all parts, and it required a person of musical as well as literary qualifications to properly perform the duties of Secretary in this GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 179 particular department. Mr. Gilmore selected an ac¬ complished member of his Band, Mr. John W. Odlin, to fill this post; and he was found in every way capa¬ ble, and fully equal to the varied requirements of the office. The work of organizing the chorus was now com¬ menced in earnest. Singers were invited to come for¬ ward and register their names with a view to forming classes and going through a course of rehearsals for the coming Festival. As a signal proof of the deep musical interest which the announcement of the Peace Jubilee created, one instance may be cited. In the efforts of Mr. Tourjee to advance the cause of music, during the winter pre¬ ceding the announcement of the Peace Jubilee he had endeavored to form a class for the study and practice of oratorio music. A few hundred were all that could be induced to join, — scarcely enough to meet the expense attending the rehearsals, and the experiment was not what could be called a success. It might well be supposed, as it was said, that the Handel and Haydn Society comprised all the available vocal talent in Boston, and its board of officers no doubt felt that it would be an utter impossibility to organize a small, much less a great chorus in the city for the Jubilee without the aid of their time-honored association; and, of course, when it became known in the city and else¬ where — as it very soon was — that they held aloof and were not taking any interest in the movement, it was quite natural for them to suppose that that fact alone would deter any outsiders from taking the initia¬ tive. What must they have thought and said when nearly Four Thousand singers came forward in Boston alone to join the classes of Mr. Tourjee! It was a revela- 180 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. tion and a revolution in the musical world hereabouts they had little dreamed of. But it was only the veri¬ fication of a prophecy. Mr. Touijee, who had found it difficult to induce even a few hundred to join his class during the winter before, was informed that he might now prepare for as large a number as the hall (Bumstead Hall, with a capacity of nearly eight hundred) would accommodate, and have a fresh class every night in the week; and this, too, before even one singer had been accepted in Boston for the Jubilee Chorus. It was an uprising of the musical hosts such as nothing but the Jubilee of Peace could possibly have evoked ; and this uprising was not confined to Boston alone, — the whole country had caught the spirit, and were heart and soul interested in the success of the movement. But we are arriving at conclusions too fast. At this stage of the proceedings preparations only were being made to bring about this result; and although the material to form the great chorus and other musi¬ cal features were ready for the mould, there were many dark days of disappointment, many days of weary wandering in the wilderness of doubt, with faith as the only guide, ere the promised land was reached. Leaving all matters pertaining to the choral depart¬ ment in the able hands of Mr. Touijee, Mr. Gilmore felt himself relieved of one heavy burden of care, and with fresh spirit and energy entered into the work of pushing forward other important matters. Immediately following the first announcement of the Peace Jubilee the city government appointed a committee, consisting of Messrs. Edward A. White, Moses Fairbanks, and Benjamin James, of the Board GBEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 181 of Aldermen, and Messrs. William G. Harris, H. W. Pickering, Francis W. Jacobs, Ebenezer Nelson, and Edward E. Batcbelder, of the Common Council, to take such steps at the proper time in connection there¬ with as they might consider the interest and honor of the city required. Mr. Gilmore had the pleasure and the punishment of appearing before this committee twice, — a pleas¬ ure, because it gave him an opportunity of explaining to these gentlemen the grand effect of such a demon¬ stration as was preparing and the honor it would be to the city; and a punishment, because he could not in¬ duce them, by any amount of persuasion, to throw in a small appropriation, just enough to turn the balance and make the undertaking a certainty. The position of the committee was this: they could do nothing to aid the proposed Festival until the citi¬ zens had taken it in hand, assumed its pecuniary lia¬ bilities, and its success in every respect was placed beyond a doubt. Then, upon the part of the city, they would extend its hospitalities to such distin¬ guished men of the country as might accept the in¬ vitation to be present. This was all the city would do, — in fact, it was all it could be expected to do. The festivalist also tried, through the Hon. Moses Kimball, at this time a member of the Massachusetts Senate, and Chairman of the Committee on Finance, to interest the Commonwealth in the proceedings. It did not take long to find out that the only music he would recommend was a general reduction of State expenses; that was the string he harped on, that was the kind of music he liked to hear, and that was the grand chorus the people would join in the most en¬ thusiastically. So it was useless to endeavor to per¬ suade him to advocate an appropriation to have even 182 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. “ Hail Columbia ” produced by ten thousand voices, a thousand instruments, a great organ, cannon, anvils, bells, big drums, and so forth, etc.! He appreciated the magnitude and character of the undertaking: it was a great thing to think of to be sure, but he thought it would be impossible to carry it out; and he soon began to throw out serious hints of the danger of overtaxing the brain, and all that sort of thing, with which the projector' had been familiar from the beginning! As there seemed to be no prospect of this able financier’s overtaxing the State of Massachusetts on Mr. Gilmore’s account, the latter concluded to drop the conversation, and gave up all hope of making any inroad upon the public purse while such men as Hon. Moses Kimball stood guard over the treasury. The projector next sought the superintendents of the different railroads leading into Boston, to ascer¬ tain how much they would contribute towards the great Festival, which would be sure to bring a rich harvest to their line of business. Upon going the rounds of the several roads the officers were found quite favorably disposed. One road was perfectly will¬ ing to subscribe if another would, and so on all the way round ; but as this one refused to say what it would do until that one had headed the list, and a third felt it could contribute only half as much as the fourth, which was sure to get the lion’s share of the travelling, it was pretty difficult to arrive at any defi¬ nite understanding as to what they would do by going from office to office. The following gentlemen were among those called upon : General George Stark, Manager Lowell Rail¬ road ; Governor Onslow Stearns, President, and W. H. Bullock, Superintendent, Old Colony Railroad; A. A. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 183 Folsom, Superintendent Boston and Providence Rail¬ road ; William Merritt, Superintendent Boston and Maine Railroad ; A. Firth, Assistant Superintendent Boston and Albany Railroad ; J. Prescott, Superintend¬ ent Eastern Railroad ; C. L. Heywood, Superintendent Fitchburg Railroad; also Peter T. Homer, Esq., and several other influential gentlemen who were inter¬ ested in railroad - matters. Being unable to come to any conclusion in visiting one after another, at the solicitation of Mr. Gilmore they agreed to send representatives from each of the roads to talk the matter over, and for this purpose two meetings were held at the Parker House. After lis¬ tening to the projector’s statement of the prospects of the festival and what it would do for Boston, all were satisfied that, if the plan were carried out, there would be immense travel over their lines during Jubi¬ lee week. The energetic Superintendent of the Bos¬ ton and Providence Railroad, A. A. Folsom, Esq., took an active interest in the enterprise, and the Directors of that road authorized him to subscribe a thousand dollars at the first meeting, provided others would put down their share pro rata , based upon their compara¬ tive incomes and facilities for travel, and according to the extra profit which each might expect to derive through the festival. Some proposed to give a certain proportion of the earnings for the week; some were not prepared to do anything without again consulting the Directors of their roads, while others had decided not to give a dollar. Where there are so many wheels within wheels to be manipulated, the process of grind¬ ing out an appropriation is slow. But the projector had been taught so many hard lessons in the school of patience, that he could wait until the officers of the roads were all ready to do something or nothing. 184 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Iii wandering from place to place in search of aid, without finding many pillars of support to lean upon, the weary traveller felt the burden of his cares grow lighter as he recurred to remarks made at a recent meeting of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic As¬ sociation, proposing the Coliseum as a suitable build¬ ing in which to hold their grand fair. “ Who knows,” thought Mr. Gilmore, “ but they may be induced to contribute towards the enterprise, if by that means they can secure the use of the Coliseum for the ex¬ hibition of their products of industry ? ” The writer therefore called upon Mr. Jonas Fitch, President of the Association, Colonel A. J. Wright, one of its officers, and the Hon. F. W. Lincoln, to urge the adoption of the suggestion. lie was invited to appear before the Board of Managers and make known whatever he might consider of interest to them upon the subject. On the evening of February 22cl he presented him¬ self for that purpose, and found the following gentle¬ men present: — Jonas Fitch, Albert J. Wright, Osmyn Brewster, Joseph L. Bates, Charles F. Austin, Theophilus Burr, Ivory Bean, George W. Smith, Andrew J. Morse, Henry A. Lyford, George Ross, David Chamberlin, William Leavitt. Mr. Gilmore commenced unfolding his plan with great enthusiasm, and drew attention to the bene¬ fit that would result from calling together so large a number of people for so good a purpose. A new world of harmony would be opened, a new mine of riches developed, from which all trades and professions would reap a rich reward of new thought and fresh impulse. Like the morning light it would revivify and intensify every spiritual and intellectual growth, and make the hand a better servant of the brain in GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 185 producing more finished works of art and industry. He very soon discovered that the solid, matter-of-fact men he was addressing were not of the kind to be carried into the seventh heavens by any amount of musical rhetoric. They simply asked, “Is it a sure thing that the building will go up? Where is it to be located ? Will it be suitable for our purpose ? ” and so on! Positive answers to these questions could not be given. The ultimate fate of the enterprise was still shrouded in doubt, and neither he nor they could foresee the end. Mr. Gilmore made an effort to have these gentlemen subscribe funds of their Association to hasten the erection of the building, which would provide them with ample accommodations and give a novel interest to the exhibition, and undoubtedly large¬ ly increase the attendance. But they could not ven¬ ture on uncertainties, or involve their Association in any risk. If the Coliseum were already erected, they would consider its adaptability to their purpose, but as things were, they must look for some other place, or take up with their old quarters. They afterwards concluded to hold their exhibition in the usual place (Quincy and Faneuil Halls), and think no more about a building which, up to that time, was only “ a castle in the air.” As already stated, the writer had appeared before national, State, and city officials, various railroad cor¬ porations, clubs, associations, and many other public and private bodies to plead his case, evidently winning the interest of all by his earnest presentation of the great Peace programme; and although no substantial encouragement had been obtained from any of these important sources up to this time, still the subscrip¬ tion-fist was slowly increasing. 186 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Scarcely a clay passed without some new name be¬ ing added to the list of subscribers for season tickets. They came in just fast enough to keep the current moving and to stimulate the projector and his so¬ licitors to greater exertion. Inquiry was continually made, “What will be the price of single tickets of admission ? ” The public voice was very encouraging : “ We are all ready with our five-dollar bills when you are ready with your music; but we cannot give either a hundred or a thousand dollars to help you.” This was the general sentiment. The manager, however, thought it advisable to defer information about the price of single tickets to a later day, and continue the canvass for hundred-dollar subscribers, so long as any of that class could be found. It was his policy to work a vein till it gave out, and then prospect for a new opening. No matter how fruitless the efforts of one day might appear, or how dark the clouds that lowered around him at nightfall, he was up next morn¬ ing bright and early, determined to “ try, try again,” — to leave no stone unturned, no means untried upon that day that might add friends to the cause or swell the list of subscribers. But oh! what zeal, what en¬ thusiasm, what resolute determination it required, to go forth day after day for weeks and months, in the face of doubt, prejudice, and opposition, trying to con¬ vert non-believers, who had the means but not the disposition to join the noble band whose names were already upon the golden-lettered list. But the cause lent inspiration to its advocate, and with a soul of fire he went on through trials and persecutions, entering hearts and pockets, making conquest after conquest, firmly believing in the victory which came at last. In his perambulations at this time frequent visits were paid to Mr. Jordan, who watched the progress GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 187 made with the deepest interest. The all-important consideration now was, “ When shall the Coliseum go up?” and the projector urged upon Mr. Jordan the necessity of taking steps towards beginning the work. The architect, Mr. Allen, represented that the build¬ ing, according to his plans, could be erected for Forty Thousand Dollars, in which estimate he was sustained by others who had been consulted ; one prominent firm even offered to complete it for that amount, but withdrew their proposal before it could be acted upon. The following is their letter proposing the contract:— Boston, February 16, 1869. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — We have examined the plans laid before us as drawn by Mr. Allen for the building for the National Peace Jubilee and Musical Festival, to be held in this city in June next; and, without going into details, we believe the building- can be put up for $ 40,000. It is difficult to estimate the value of the building to take down. We are, however, of the opinion that the material standing will be worth about $10,000. After a more careful examination we will give you a posi¬ tive bid. Wishing you all the success you may desire in this great enterprise, we remain Very truly yours, JEWETT & PITCHER. To test the soundness of these estimates, Mr. Jordan authorized the well-known architect, Mr. Gridley G. F. Bryant, to make a thorough examination of the plans and report to him the cost of erecting the building; putting in seats, and everything else required to render it complete for the purpose in view\ Mr. Bry¬ ant’s investigation led to the discouraging announce¬ ment that it would cost at least Eighty Thousand 188 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Dollars, — double the amount previously named ! The leap from Forty to Eighty Thousand Dollars caused Mr. Jordan to drop the subject instantly. With only Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars actually subscribed, and the promise of Ten or Fifteen Thousand more, the undertaking was too risky for even the wisest or wealthiest financier. Mr. Jordan had no doubt what¬ ever of ultimate success; he knew the whole country were looking forward with confidence to the result; but it was too much to expect him to assume the whole responsibility of authorizing the erection of the Coliseum. Mr. Gilmore tried hard to induce other wealthy and public-spirited gentlemen to share the responsibility with Mr. Jordan, but without avail. En¬ terprising builders were entreated to run the risk of putting up the structure, accepting in payment a con¬ signment of the amount already subscribed and the control of the Festival treasury until the full cost was paid; but though many wished to take the contract, yet none were willing to commence the work with¬ out having full security in advance. What could be done ? Was there any possibility of overcoming the obstacles and getting the building started? All efforts seemed to fail. There is no disguising the fact that the situation at this time looked desperate; the enterprise had seen dark days, but these were the darkest; almost impenetrable gloom settled down upon it, and there seemed no way out of the difficulties. Work! was the only word that had any inspiration in it now. Work of the hardest kind, — in season and out of season, at all times and in all manners, — work of brain and heart and hand, — anything, everything that could be done to lift the terrible load that seemed sinking deeper and deeper in the mire of despondency. The writer’s distress of mind at this time was indeed GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 189 almost unbearable, for the condition of his own private affairs was sufficient to break him down, let alone the ' « weight of disappointment that was oppressing him from other causes. From the first moment that he commenced devel¬ oping the great idea that so enraptured him, all remunerative sources of employment had been aban¬ doned ; consequently he was long without income of any kind: in truth, every dollar of property he pos¬ sessed had been literally swallowed up in the cause. Grim-visaged Want was staring him in the face. He had sacrificed all for an idea, — an idea that had led him like an ignis fatnus into the depths of a slough that threatened to ingulf him. But could it be a false light ? No, he would not believe it. In his • deepest distress he still felt the heavenly harmonies in his soul of the great gathering of the musical hosts. “No,” he cried, “if there is virtue in the land, — if there is pride, if there is patriotism, if there is a love of anything besides money, it must and it will succeed! ” But Fate seemed now to say: “ Stop! you have gone far enough. You have attempted more than mortal man can accomplish. The realization of your “ dream ” would be almost a miracle. There is a limit to every folly, and you have reached the limit of this. Turn back to your old ways of thought and work, and let this phantom pass.” 0 what deep dis¬ tress of mind, what anguish of soul was his, as the thought of “ failure ” haunted him ! His heart was sinking; his strength exhausted; his purse empty: Must he give up the contest ? . Never ! The sword of faith can cut its way to Heaven! With this sword he had fought from the beginning, and would fight until all obstacles were overcome. He could not give up his delightful dream while he 188 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Dollars, — double the amount previously named ! The leap from Forty to Eighty Thousand Dollars caused Mr. Jordan to drop the subject instantly. With only Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars actually subscribed, and the promise of Ten or Fifteen Thousand more, the undertaking was too risky for even the wisest or wealthiest financier. Mr. Jordan had no doubt what¬ ever of ultimate success; he knew the whole country were looking forward with confidence to the result; but it was too much to expect him to assume the whole responsibility of authorizing the erection of the Coliseum. Mr. Gilmore tried hard to induce other wealthy and public-spirited gentlemen to share the responsibility with Mr. Jordan, but without avail. En¬ terprising builders were entreated to run the risk of putting up the structure, accepting in payment a con¬ signment of the amount already subscribed and the control of the Festival treasury until the full cost was paid; but though many wished to take the contract, yet none were willing to commence the work with¬ out having full security in advance. What could be done ? Was there any possibility of overcoming the obstacles and getting the building started? All efforts seemed to fail. There is no disguising the fact that the situation at this time looked desperate; the enterprise had seen dark days, but these were the darkest; almost impenetrable gloom settled down upon it, and there seemed no way out of the difficulties. Work ! was the only word that had any inspiration in it now. Work of the hardest kind, — in season and out of season, at all times and in all manners, — work of brain and heart and hand, — anything, everything that could be done to lift the terrible load that seemed sinking deeper and deeper in the mire of despondency. The writer’s distress of mind at this time was indeed GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 189 almost unbearable, for the condition of his own private affairs was sufficient to break him down, let alone the weight of disappointment that was oppressing him from other causes. From the first moment that he commenced devel¬ oping the great idea that so enraptured him, all remunerative sources of employment had been aban¬ doned ; consequently he was long without income of any kind: in truth, every dollar of property he pos¬ sessed had been literally swallowed up in the cause. Grim-visaged Want was staring him in the face. He had sacrificed all for an idea, — an idea that had led him like an ignis fatuus into the depths of a slough that threatened to ingulf him. But could it be a false light? No, he would not believe it. In his. deepest distress he still felt the heavenly harmonies in his soul of the great gathering of the musical hosts. "No,” he cried, “if there is virtue in the land, — if there is pride, if there is patriotism, if there is a love of anything besides money, it must and it will succeed! ” But Fate seemed now to say: “ Stop! you have gone far enough. You have attempted more than mortal man can accomplish. The realization of your “ dream ” would be almost a miracle. There is a limit to every folly, and you have reached the limit of this. Turn back to your old ways of thought and work, and let this phantom pass.” 0 what deep dis¬ tress of mind, what anguish of soul was his, as the thought of “failure” haunted him! His heart was sinking; his strength exhausted; his purse empty: Must he give up the contest ? . Never ! The sword of faith can cut its way to Heaven! With this sword he had fought from the beginning, and would fight until all obstacles were overcome. He could not give up his delightful dream while he 190 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. had a tongue to proclaim its marvellous beauty. It must be realized! He would never hang out the white flag of surrender, — never! Come what would, he had faith he should conquer. Though his resolution and resources were at this time taxed to their utmost, — though it was “do or die” with him, and the crash that would crush him seemed impending, still faith illumined his soul, and he believed in the coming of the Peace Jubilee as he believed in the rising of the morning sun after a night of storm and darkness. Often the beautiful words of Longfellow came to his mind, — “ The star of the unconquered will, He rises in my breast, Serene, and resolute, and still, And calm, and self-possessed,” — and he felt stronger for repeating them. How the noble gift of song enriches not only the heart that pos¬ sesses it, but imparts comfort to the sad and strength to the doubting, — nerving the arms that hang down in despair and filling the soul with a light that leads to higher lurpes and grander achievements. The twin sisters, Poetry and Music, not only soften the rough asperities of our nature, and crown with their garlands the brows of victors in the battle of life, but take hold as it were of the spade and the mattock and dig in the trenches of every great undertaking that wins the ap¬ proval of God and the hearts of men. In this hour of trial a new light shed its rays upon his path, a new way of procuring material for erecting the great “ Temple of Music ” was suggested to his mind. A list of the lumber-merchants in Boston and vicin¬ ity having been obtained, it was proposed to apply to each firm for a contribution of a certain class of lum- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 191 her, which in the aggregate would amount to a quan¬ tity sufficient to build the Coliseum; it was then designed to issue a call, signed by several prominent officers in the late war, asking the returned soldiers and sailors of Massachusetts to come forward with their implements of industry and put in as hearty strokes towards building the “ Temple of Peace ” as they did in crushing the rebellion, — a temple in which the result of their brave hearts and strong arms might be commemorated by a national feast of prayer, of speech, and of song. The Massachusetts boys could do it, for they had on many occasions during the war shown their aptitude in the use of tools, and had gained as great fame for their skill in various handicrafts as for their bravery in handling the destructive weapons of war. As soldiers or citizens they had proved them¬ selves equally efficient in every emergency, and wor¬ thy their proud ancestry. Such a call as was now to be made upon their patriotism as men and their skill as mechanics he knew would meet with a noble response. The novelty of the proceeding would excite the imagi¬ nation and kindle unwonted enthusiasm. It would be just the thing to catch the popular fancy, and would be pleasure to them while it would be profit to the Jubilee. It would not be giving money, directly, though substantially helping the cause. Many do not like to give outright who would willingly assist in some roundabout way that don’t cut so straight to the pocket. It would be looked upon by all as a sort of holiday-workday, and if once properly inaugurated there is not a veteran soldier or sailor in Massachusetts who would not wish to have a hand in it. In consid¬ eration of such services one day’s entertainment would be given free to the “ volunteers ” and their families. The projector believed that this plan of having the 192 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. building put up could be successfully carried out; at least lie was determined to try it. It. was proposed to ask every city, town, and village in Massachusetts to send forth its volunteer corps to give one day to the work. The railroads would be solicited to issue free passes, or tickets at a greatly reduced price. Altogether, the expectation of seeing the various delegations pass through the city every morning, with drums beating and banners flying, and armed with the implements of Peace , — the swords and muskets turned, if not into ploughshares and prun- ing-liooks, at least into saws, hammers, &c., — was a scene which, if realized, would arouse the greatest en¬ thusiasm throughout the country. The very thought of it gave new inspiration and encouragement to the one of all others who needed it most at this time. After perfecting his plans somewhat, and filled with the ardor of this new idea, he called upon his friend General Robert Cowdin, who was largely interested in the lumber-trade, and who, a tried veteran himself, had great influence with the veteran “boys in blue.” The General listened with evident interest to the plan proposed; but he was too used to being under fire to get much excited over such a volley of words as was now poured in upon him. He would willingly do his share in any way to further the laudable efforts of his enthusiastic friend; but he did not have much confi¬ dence in the success of the movement now proposed. It looked too much like a “ forlorn hope ” to rally many followers. Other lumber-merchants applied to were of about the same opinion as General Cowdin. After a few days’ experience among those in that line of business, the applicant for wooden favors con¬ cluded that, with all his faith, it would need the physical power of a Hercules, the eloquence of a Demosthenes, » GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 193 and the patience of a Job to succeed in obtaining the necessary material and get the building erected through the means suggested. This was the condition in which matters stood early in the month of March. After the earnest efforts that had been put forth to bring about the “ day o’ jubilee ” the citizens of Boston began once more to doubt the possibility of seeing the enterprise carried through, no corner-stone having yet been laid or a timber brought to the ground. Indeed, even a site for the building had not yet been settled upon. All sorts of rumors as to its fate were in circulation, and its abandonment was again foretold. Yerily, verily, there was one in¬ dividual in Boston at this time who was passing through a trying ordeal, and who did not “sleep o’ nights.” At this juncture it was resolved that the Peace Jubi¬ lee should take place at the appointed time, building or no building; that, if Boston would not furnish a structure for such a festival, it should be held in the open air, with the blue vault of heaven as its only canopy. The musical missionary was not, however, without hope that Providence would yet provide a way out of all this trouble, that the means to carry out the whole programme as intended would be forthcoming; for at this time, trying as it was, he felt lifted as on the wings of inspiration, and experienced a buoyancy of feeling that presaged the happy result. Filled with this light he could suffer disappointment and buffet¬ ing at every step; clad in the armor of a sacred duty, bearing the standard of a holy cause, he felt himself commissioned as the humble messenger of a musical offering in the name of Peace, that would manifest to the world the joy of a nation for its deliverance from a fratricidal war. 13 194 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. The cloucl of despondency which again hung over the minds of many as to the fate of the Jubilee seemed to cast its gloom even upon the path of the hopeful Mr. Tourjee, who had assumed the organiza¬ tion of the Chorus, and caused him to withhold for some days the issuing of an important circular contain¬ ing information for which musical societies and vocal organizations throughout the country were anxiously looking. Mr. Gilmore at this time had much to occupy his mind aside from the musical department, and was not aware until he saw, on entering Mr. Tourjee’s office, that the ten thousand circulars which he had supposed were winging their way to all parts of the country were not yet issued. Upon learning that the delay was caused by a feel¬ ing of uncertainty as to the wisdom of going ahead in the face of so much discouragement, he gave orders for immediately mailing them. This was no time for hesitation; a spirited display of confidence, together with explicit instructions to proceed at once with the utmost energy in carrying out details, very soon dis¬ pelled the clouds of gloom and let in the light of hope. The circulars were scattered broadcast over the land. All doubt was banished, from the mind of the prudent and conscientious Superintendent of the Cho¬ rus, and whoever had occasion thereafter to visit the musical headquarters felt that the Peace Jubilee was as sure to take place at the time announced as the day was certain to arrive. Previous to the preparation of this circular, Mr. Gil¬ more informed Mr. Tourjee that the time of the Fes¬ tival would probably be extended to five days, and it would be necessary to lay out the choral part of the music with that understanding, which was done. The following is a copy of the circular, which was GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 195 inserted with favorable comments in many of the Boston dailies and other papers in different sections of the country. CHORUS CIRCULAR No. 1. Boston, March 10, 1869. The undersigned, at the solicitation of the management, has undertaken the arrangement and organization of the Chorus of the National Peace Jubilee, to occur in this city on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, June 15, 16, and II, 1869. To in¬ sure its success, it is necessary to secure tjhe co-operation and participation of the musical people of the country, and to this end this circular is issued. It is desirable that where no choral societies exist they should immediately be formed, to consist of not less than sixteen voices, and that great care should be exercised in the selection of sing¬ ers, in order that none- be admitted who cannot sing ordinary church-music at sight, and that none be rejected who may be really available in the choruses to be sung on this occasion. When such organization is made, a President, Secretary, Treas¬ urer, Librarian, and Pianist should be chosen, and a Musical Director, who must be able to furnish satisfactory evidence of his fitness for the position, though it would be preferable for him to visit us at Boston as soon as may be after appointment, as a per¬ sonal interview would be much more satisfactory, and at the same time he could attend a rehearsal of the Boston Chorus, and learn the manner of producing the choruses and the tempi. As soon as such organizations are reported to us, with the number of singers upon each part, and a full list of officers, the music will be sent, bound in complete order, free of charge, and societies will be allowed to retain the same at the close of the Festival. It will be seen that in this way each society will ob¬ tain the nucleus of a library of music for choral practice without expense, and a collection of choruses from the best oratorios of the great masters. In view of future similar festivals, and the improvement of the musical taste of the public generally, the awakening of a greater interest in art, and the attainment of a higher standard in sacred music, these advantages cannot be too highly estimated. The choruses to be sung are as follows : “ Achieved is the Glo¬ rious Work,” “The Heavens are Telling,” and the “ Marvellous 196 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Work,” from Haydn’s Creation; “And the Glory of the Lord,” “Glory to God,” and the “Hallelujah Chorus,” from Handel’s Messiah ; “ He watching over Israel ” and “ Thanks be to God,” from Mendelssohn’s Elijah; “Sleepers, Wake” and “To God on High,” from Mendelssohn’s St. Paul; “ See, the Conquering Hero comes ! ” from Handel’s Judas Maccabceus; “ Prayer,” from Rossini’s Moses in Egypt; Luther’s Choral, “A Strong Castle is our God”; “Gloria,” from Mozart’s Twelfth Mass; and the “ Inflammatus,” from Rossini’s Stabat Mater. The proportion which it is desired to establish is as follows: 8 Sopranos, 1 Altos, 5 Tenors, and 6 Bassos; but the volume of tone in each of the parts must be as nearly equal as possible. The same proportion to be observed in the organization of either small or large bodies of sing-ers. It will be of great advantage for the choral organizations of neighboring places to meet together for general rehearsal, at least once before the Festival, for in this way greater unity of action and tempo can best be obtained ; and whenever such an arrange¬ ment is made, we will arrange, if desired, and if deemed practi¬ cable at the time, for Mr. Carl Zerrahn to be present and direct the same. Ample accommodations will be provided for lodging and enter¬ taining the ladies and gentlemen of the Chorus at the lowest possible expense to them. The railroad fares will undoubtedly be at half price, and the tickets will probably be made good for a period extending at least up to July 5th. Full particulars on this point will, however, be given in the next Circular, which will also contain all necessai’y information upon every point in connection with the Festival. Members of choruses from any part of the country will be allowed to visit the rehearsals of the Boston Chorus, at Music Hall, under Carl Zerrahn, upon application to the undersigned for tickets for the same. Members of the Great Chorus will be entitled to free admission to the entire Festival (which will probably be continued beyond the time specified above), and to Great Organ Concerts at Music Hall, at one half the usual rate, upon presentation of their excur¬ sion ticket. It. may not be necessary to impress upon the minds of the mem¬ bers the great importance of unity of action in, and immediate attention to this matter, and the necessity of a minute observ¬ ance of the suggestions above given ; for it is only by these GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 197 means that a chorus of such magnitude can be perfectly organ¬ ized and carried to a successful issue. It is almost needless to refer to the design of the Festival, — the celebration of the restoration of Peace to our Country,—or to its magnitude. Let it suffice to say that it will be a Jubilee worthy of its cause, and if it receives, as it should, the hearty co¬ operation of singers and the musical public generally, it will serve to advance the cause of Music, by bringing the masses to¬ gether, and inspiring them with a love of all that is noblest and purest in the Divine Art, and prove a Musical Festival such as the world has never witnessed. All communications should be addressed to E. tourjLe, Music Hall, Boston, Mass. The appearance of this circular, and the favorable notices of the press, gave fresh impulse to the cause, and once more it looked to the doubting public as if the programme was sure to be carried out. Mr. Gilmore now determined to make a strong effort to bring together all friends and subscribers to the enterprise, and on this errand he again entered the office of Mr. Eben D. Jordan. Without the least ex¬ aggeration this must have been the twentieth call he had made upon that gentleman, who, notwithstand¬ ing the frequency of the visits, always listened to the latest variation upon the original theme with encour¬ aging interest. “ If the subscribers can be brought together and an association formed, will Mr. Jordan accept the treas- urership?” was Mr. Gilmore’s proposition. After a short interview and a stirring appeal, Mr. Jordan de¬ cided to accept any position which would help the cause, provided others whom he named agreed to take an interest in carrying out the plan. This was a great point gained, and had the same effect in Boston as if A. T. Stewart in New York should agree to accept the treasurership of a similar undertaking there. 198 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. To bring about a meeting of the subscribers and to organize committees was a very difficult matter to accomplish. The struggle through which the enter¬ prise had passed from the date of its first announce¬ ment was somewhat familiar to .Boston ears, and none had watched its weary progress with more interest, nor had reason to feel more disheartened at its prospects, than those who came forward and subscribed in its early stages. Consequently their very familiarity with its trials, not the least discouraging of which was the opposition openly waged against it, dampened all en¬ thusiasm, and was enough to dissuade any and all from accepting offices of responsibility, or becoming in any way entangled with its fate. The confidence of Mr. Jordan, however, and his will¬ ingness to brave the dangers, inspired others with fresh courage; and in calling upon many of those whose names were upon the list, though some expressed themselves quite indifferently about it, yet several promised that they would certainly attend the meet¬ ing which the projector was about to call. He there¬ fore addressed to over sixty gentlemen, who in differ¬ ent ways had encouraged the enterprise, the following note : — Boston, March 10, 1869. My dear Sir, — A meeting of subscribers to the National Peace Jubilee will be held at Conservatory Hall, in Music Hall Building, on Saturday next, at twelve o’clock. As matters of importance connected with the Jubilee will be brought before the meeting, I would consider it a personal favor if you can make it convenient to be present. I remain, dear sir, Very sincerely yours, P. S. GILMORE. Conservatory Hall is a large room at the very top of the Music Hall building, up nine short flights of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 199 stairs from terra firma. Mr. Gilmore was early on hand, and anxiously awaited the gathering that was to de¬ cide the fate of the Peace Jubilee. Moments seemed hours as he watched the door to see who might enter. What if they should not come ! The thought was tantalizing as he went over the whole thing in his mind, from its conception to its latest development, as he had done hundreds of times before. What if many should plead prior engage¬ ments which they had forgotten when they promised to be present! No, no, it could not be ; he would not harbor such a feeling a moment. They would come, every one of them, he believed, prepared to do what they could to uphold the standard round which they had so nobly rallied. They were good men and true, who as citizens regretted that, while the whole coun¬ try were looking forward with enthusiasm to the reali¬ zation of the Peace Jubilee, there should be not only a want of interest, but a deep undercurrent of downright opposition to it among the ancient musical and mer¬ cantile circles of Boston. But those who had promised to attend this meeting to-day could and would turn the scale, and strike a chord in unison that would dis¬ pel all doubt and discord, and fill the public ear with confidence and harmony. It was a moment of intense suspense to the projector. He felt as if his own fate as well as that of the Jubilee hung on their coming and their decision. No soldier on the eve of a battle that is to decide the fate of an empire could feel more keenly the dan¬ ger and delicacy of the situation. 0 that a tongue of fire were given him that he might warm every soul into a glowing enthusiasm in behalf of his holy cause ! Hark ! there comes somebody ! No ; it is but the creaking of the door. It was not yet quite time. 200 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. The great hour-hand was slowly creeping over the face of the dial, and every steeple in the city would soon clang out the welcome hour of “ Twelve.” Boston men are usually prompt; they are on hand at the moment agreed. Still the time dragged heavily; his heart throbbed louder and louder. One, two, three minutes more. Ah, there they come, sure ! “ Tramp, tramp, tramp” never sounded so inspiriting before. Yes, just at the appointed hour several of the heaviest and most enterprising men of Boston fol¬ lowed each other into the hall in rapid succession, puffing and shaking their heads ominously, as if they failed to appreciate the cause that compelled them, at the very outset, to mount to such a giddy height,— the very height of impudence perhaps they thought! The spirit of good nature, however, seemed to diffuse itself through the increasing party, and in a short time all were busily discussing in little groups the object for which they were assembled. Among those present were Mr. Eben D. Jordan, Mr. M. M. Ballou, Mr. Oliver Ditson, Alderman Lewis Rice, Mr. Frank Wrisley, Mr. George H. Davis, Mr. Gardner Wetherbee, and a score or so of other well-known Bostonians. The meeting was at length called to order, and without the formality of regular organization Mr. Gilmore made a brief statement of what had already been done, what could and what should be done, and what the whole country were expecting; and he appealed to the gentlemen present to take some decided steps then and there for the fulfilment of the promised National Peace Jubilee. Mr. Oliver Ditson — through whose enterprise ma¬ terial to advance the cause of music had been spread all over the land — was able to speak from experience of the enthusiasm that everywhere prevailed among GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 201 the musical fraternity concerning the festival; and his remarks convinced all present that this deep interest, instead of being suffered to die out, should be fostered and encouraged by every citizen of Boston. Mr. Tourjee made a further statement of the feeling that seemed to pervade every singer in the country, he being then in communication upon the subject with scores of societies; and he gave it as his opinion that, from a musical stand-point, the undertaking might already be looked upon as an assured success. Remarks were also made by other gentlemen; at length Mr. Jordan took the floor, and made a speech which roused the greatest enthusiasm, and called forth rounds of applause. His remarks inspired all present with a feeling of confidence, and he closed by saying that “ the Peace Jubilee might from that moment be •* looked upon as a certainty, and no doubt whatever should hereafter be entertained of its success.” Immediate steps were taken to carry out the plan by appointing committees pro tem. Messrs. Davis, Ballou, and Alderman Rice were ap¬ pointed a Committee on Building, and Messrs. Wrisley and Wetherbee a rallying Committee on Guaranty Fund. The sum of Fourteen Thousand Dollars was subscribed upon the spot. A general and animated conversation ensued, in which the great benefit' that would result to art throughout the country was considered, and amid great enthusiasm the meeting was adjourned to the Tremont House on the following Monday evening. All doubts were now removed; the press gave a full report of the proceedings, and the right spirit seemed to be aroused at last. The Building Committee did not lose a mo¬ ment, but went at once to the rooms of Mr. Allen, the architect, to examine the plans over which he had 202 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. labored so faithfully for months. A more competent or trustworthy committee for this important duty could not have been selected. They examined all the plans with such earnestness and interest, and with such a clear comprehension of everything necessary for the erection of the Coliseum, that Mr. Gilmore, in listening to their animated remarks during the examination, could not refrain from asking himself how it was pos¬ sible that these gentlemen, fortunately possessing such a thorough knowledge of the subject in hand as to enter into details with all the precision of practical architects and builders, could have been chosen with¬ out the least premeditation. But he was irresistibly forced to the conclusion that the Great Power that rules the hearts of men and orders the events of time had directed their choice; that the noble work undertaken in the interest of harmony should go on to completion, until the song of praise to the Al¬ mighty should seal the bonds of Peace and Union, and a shout go up that would be heard to the ends of the earth, proclaiming that this whole broad land was forevermore Bound together, State to State, Pledged to share one common fate: A unity inviolate, A monument eternal. The Building Committee continued the examination of the plans late into Saturday night, find on Monday morning they visited locations proposed for the Coli¬ seum, and finally concluded that the lower end of Boston Common, known as the “ Parade Ground,” was the most central and appropriate place for the erection of the great building. Some objections to the occupancy of this spot for such a purpose had already been put forth by the GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 203 Boston Daily Advertiser, as has heretofore appeared; but the committee supposed no serious opposition could he contemplated. Mr. Davis “ could not see, for the life of him, what reasonable objection any citizen of Boston could offer to having a temporary building for a National Jubilee of Peace placed upon Boston Common; that unless there were some legal objec¬ tions, some article or clause in the city charter that would prohibit its use for any such purpose, he would by a,11 means have the Coliseum placed there, and no' where else.” This was the view of all interested; but to settle the point more conclusively, the opinion of the city solicitor, John P. Healy, Esq., was called for; and he removed all doubts by giving the city government his written opinion to the effect that the use of a portion of the Common for a temporary structure would not in any way infringe upon the restrictions by which that public ground is governed, and no legal objection could be raised to its appropriation for such a pur¬ pose. Upon learning of this decision the Building Com¬ mittee immediately presented to the Board of Aider- men the following petition : — Boston, March 15, 1869. To the Honorable Mayor, and Board of Aldermen of the City of Boston. The undersigned, a committee of citizens, chosen and ap¬ pointed to superintend the erection of a temporary structure designed for the purpose of holding a Grand National Peace Festival, having visited the spot suggested as a locality for said purpose, are impressed with the utter impracticability of the. same, and earnestly solicit an immediate hearing before your honorable body, to the end that permission may be given to erect the proposed structure on Boston Common. GEOBGE H. DAVIS, M. M. BALLOU. 204 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE Mr. Lewis Rice, of the committee, could not with pro¬ priety sign the petition, being a member of the Board of Aldermen ; but when the subject came up for discus¬ sion, he moved that the petitioners have an immedi¬ ate hearing, and on this and many other occasions gave the weight of his influence in favor of aiding the Jubilee, and did all that he could to make it a suc¬ cess. The hearing was granted, and Messrs. Davis and Ballou gave clear and satisfactory reasons why the use of the Parade Ground should be granted for the purpose in view; — it being the best and most con¬ venient location for the building, and, from its associa¬ tions, the most appropriate spot for a grand National gathering in the name of Peace. After a full review of the whole subject, no legal objections appearing, the following order, offered by Alderman E. A. White (the part in Italics being added by Alderman Newton Talbot), was passed with only one dissenting voice : — Ordered, That the Parade Ground on Boston Common be granted to Lewis Rice, George H. Davis, and M. M. Ballou, Building Committee of subscribers to the Musical Peace Festival, for the purpose of erecting a temporary structure in accordance with plans and specifications designed for that purpose ; the said building to be erected under the co-operative superintendence of the City Engineer, Superintendent of Public Buildings, and the Committee on Common and Squares. &'aid grantees to give a sat¬ isfactory obligation to the city authorities to remove said building from Boston Common whenever ordered to do so by this Board. The question of location being settled, the commit¬ tee commenced making vigorous preparations for the immediate prosecution of their task. The second meeting of the subscribers took place at the Tremont House on Monday evening, March 15, and after a brief review of what had been done in the few days preceding, it was decided to hold a formal GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 205 business meeting, on the next evening, of all the sub¬ scribers and others interested, for the purpose of form¬ ing a permanent organization, and appointing commit¬ tees to take charge of the several departments of the enterprise requiring supervision. A special notice to that effect appeared in the papers next day, and on Tuesday evening, March 16, the numbers that con¬ gregated in the parlors of the Tremont House in response *to the call gave evidence of the deep inter¬ est taken in the approaching Festival. The meeting was called to order by Alderman Eice, upon whose motion Major George 0. Carpenter was chosen tem¬ porary Chairman, and Mr. Henry G. Parker, Secretary. The Chairman explained the object of the meeting in an appropriate and effective address, after which an organization was formed under the title of the “ National Peace Jubilee Association.” A committee of five was then chosen, consisting of the Chairman, Secretary, Messrs. M. M. Ballou, Oliver Ditson, and Frank Wrisley, to select a permanent list of officers and committees. The committee per¬ formed their task, and reported the name of Hon. Alexander H. Rice for President of the Association. The gentleman not being present, the Chairman ap¬ pointed Messrs. Ballou, Jordan, and Ditson a commit¬ tee to wait upon him at his residence and inform him of his election. After a brief absence the committee returned, and reported through Mr. Ballou the accept¬ ance of Mr. Rice, and his hearty interest in the success of the Peace Jubilee, which announcement was received with the warmest enthusiasm. On the following page is a revised list of the officers and committees chosen (including several names sub¬ sequently added) to carry out the great Festival. 206 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE LIST OF OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE ASSOCIATION. Organized March 16, 1869. President. HON. ALEXANDER H. RICE. Treasurer. EBEN D. JORDAN. Secretary. HENRY G. PARKER. E. D. JORDAN, M. M. BALLOU, JOSIAH BARD WELL, Executive Committee. HON. A. H. RICE, ex-officio Chairman. FRANK WRISLEY, OLIVER DITSON, HORATIO HARRIS, LEWIS RICE, GEORGE II DAVIS, FRANCIS RICHARDS. E. D. JORDAN, HORATIO HARRIS, Finance Committee. OLIVER DITSON, FRANK WRISLEY, JOSIAH BARDWELL. GEO. H. DAVIS, LEWIS RICE, FRANCIS II UNDERWOOD, HENRY G. PARKER, TIIERON J. DALE, GEO. P. BALDWIN, JOHN C. HAYNES, J. B. SHARLAND, W. W. CLAPP, GEO. E. FOWLE, J. WILLARD RICE, Building: Committee. M. M. BALLOU, Music Committee. THOMAS E. CIIICKERING, HENRY TOLMAN, LORING B. BARNES, CARL ZERRAIIN, JULIUS EICIIBERG, FRANCIS RICHARDS. GEO. D. RUSSELL, EBEN TOURJEE, CHARLES KOPPITZ, H. K. OLIVER, HENRY MASON. Committee on Decorations. JOHN R. HALL, G. T. W. BRAMAN. NEWELL A. THOMPSON, WARREN B. POTTER. A. S. PRATT, Committee on Advertising: and Printing:. HENRY G. PARKER, S. R. NILES, CHARLES W. SLACK. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 207 Committee on Invitation and Reception. EDWARD A. WHITE, JAMES M. BUGBEE, MOSES FAIRBANKS, BENJAMIN JAMES, WM. G. HARRIS, HENRY W. PICKERING, FRANCIS W. JACOBS, EBENEZER NELSON, EDWARD E. BATCHELDER, ALEXANDER H. RICE, G. T. W. BRAMAN, GEORGE 0. CARPENTER, CHARLES H. ALLEN, ARTHUR CHENEY, JAMES H. FREELAND. Committee on Reception of Members of the Press. NEWTON TALBOT, ROLAND WORTHINGTON, D N HASKELL, R. M. PULSIFER, ALEXANDER H RICE, E. D. JORDAN, JOSIAH BARDWELL, CHARLES G. GREENE, HORATIO HARRIS, GEORGE B. UPTON, CHESTER W. CHAPIN, JAMES H. FREELAND, FRANK WRISLEY, OLIVER DITSON, JOSEPH II. CHADWICK, A. A. FOLSOM, WALDO ADAMS, GEORGE WHEATLAND, JR. JOHN F. ANDERSON, GEO. E. BATCIIELLER, CHAS. B. PERKINS, GEO. 0. CARPENTER, ARTHUR CHENEY, W. W. CLAPP, FRANCIS DANE, P. B. GOODSELL, J. R. OSGOOD, JOHN S. ELDREDGE, THOMAS MACK, FRANCIS COGSWELL, DANIEL N. HASKELL, WM. CUMSTON, CURTIS GUILD, E. F. WATERS, C. DUNHAM, General Committee. GEO. B. DRAKE, JONAS FITCH, F. A. OSBORN, JAMES OAKES, TIIOS. E. MOSELEY, GEO. H. DAVIS, LEWIS RICE, M. M. BALLOU, J. T. BRADLEE, HENRY G. PARKER, CURTIS GUILD, ROBERT 0. FULLER, ROLAND WORTHINGTON, JOHN F. MILLS, WM. B. STEARNS, PATRICK D0NAII0E, CHAS. II. ALLEN, SAM’L D. CRANE, E. F. WATERS, JOHN W. LEIGHTON, W. V. HUTCHINGS, S. R. NILES, JOHN TAYLOR, CHAS. W. SLACK, T. E. CHICKERING, C. V. WHITTEN, HENRY MASON, THOS. RICE, JR., S. N. STOCKWELL, WM. G. BLANCHARD, J. R. OSGOOD. P. S. GILMORE, GEO. STARK, C. A. RICHARDS, B. R. WELD, JEREMIAH PRESCOTT, FRANK BUSH, GEO. B. WILLIAMS, J. V. SPALDING, J. D. PIIILBRICK, G. WASHINGTON WARREN, RICHARD FROTIIINGHAM, D. B. STEDMAN, R. M. PULSIFER, GARDNER WETIIERBEE, W. E. IIAWES, GEO. 0. IIOVEY, JOHN II. THORNDIKE, ICHABOD HOWLAND, W. T. VAN NOSTRAND, LUTHER L. HOLDEN, ROBERT II. STEVENSON, J. LEWIS STACKPOLE, EUGENE II. SAMPSON, R. C. DUNHAM, J. ALBA DAVIS, W. E. BAKER, N. J. RUST, A. G. HILLS. Projector and General Advisory Director. P. S. GILMORE. 208 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Mr. Gilmore had determined that his individual iden¬ tity with the enterprise should end the moment an association was formed to take it in charge. This the committee would not permit, but insisted upon giving h im the distinguishing title of “Projector and General Advisory Director,” — a compliment and a position with which he felt highly honored. The announcement of this list of distinguished names would naturally lead to the supposition that a more general interest would now be taken by all citizens in pushing forward to a successful consummation the long-talked-of Peace Jubilee; but Boston, like all other large citie§, has many among its citizens who are ever ready to oppose anything their neighbors approve. Like off oxen they will not draw except in their own way, and hang like a drag upon enterprises they will neither help along nor let alone. There were, be¬ sides, many gentlemen of great influence, who having refused to assist the undertaking at the outset, per¬ haps thought it would be inconsistent to change their position, or disliked to follow the lead of others, or had argued themselves into the belief that it could not possibily succeed without their co-operation. The prospects and condition of the Jubilee at this time must therefore have surprised this class who had kept up the cry of “Failure! Failure! Impossible!” from the very beginning. To have all their predictions falsified must have been a very bitter pill for them to swallow. It now remained to be seen whether they possessed any magnanimous feeling, and would come forward and act with that unanimity of senti¬ ment for which Boston is so famous whenever her citizens become interested in any great public demon¬ stration. So far all looked well, and the undertaking at last seemed to have taken the right start under the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 209 very best of auspices. Could anything now come in to interfere with or retard its peaceful progress ? The next regular meeting of the Committees took place at the Tremont House on Thursday evening, March 18, Hon. Alexander H. Rice in the chair. On calling the meeting to order, Mr. Rice stated “that the committee were convened with a view to the further advancement of all preliminary arrange¬ ments, and to lay out a systematic programme for the prosecution of the grand enterprise which had been so extensively laid before the country by the press. He felt free to confess that he looked upon it as a tremen¬ dous undertaking, surpassing anything of the kind ever attempted by the inhabitants of any American city, and he believed by those of any city in the world. It gave him much pleasure to announce, however, that all doubts as to its accomplishment had been set at rest. The project was in the hands of gentlemen of means, ability, and extensive experience, and the people of the United States might now feel confident of its entire success.” Mr. George H. Davis, of the Building Committee, stated “ that they had been very busy in looking over plans and locations; that the Board of Aldermen had granted the use of Boston Common for the building; that Mr. Ballou had measured the ground, and had drawn an exact map of the best position on the Parade Ground, according to the grade,” and so on. In fact, it was reported to the meeting that Mr. Ballou was seen making the survey before six o’clock in the morning in a pelting snow-storm, and it caused the remark that a few such men as he upon a committee would do more real work than fifty of the kind gen¬ erally appointed to fill such positions. This remark, however, did not apply to the working committees 14 210 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. of tlie Peace Jubilee Association, for they were all picked men, and did their very best to perfect the departments which they represented.” Remarks were made by Mr. Oliver Ditson, Mr. Charles W. Slack, edi¬ tor of the Commonwealth, Mr. Jordan, Mr. Ballou, Mr. Eben Tourjee, and many other gentlemen, all of whom had something encouraging to say concerning the object in view. Mr. Josiah Bardwell being called upon for a speech, asked for the subscription-book, and, in addition to the sum of Two Thousand Dollars pre¬ viously subscribed by the firm of F. Skinner & Co., of which he was the senior partner, he placed his own name upon the list for the sum of Five Thousand Dollars. This sort of speech, as unexpected as it was eloquent, had the ring of the right mettle in it, and was received with rapturous applause, and brought the business of the evening to a very cheer¬ ful close. Before the separation of the Committee a few mo¬ ments were given to the discussion of the fact that an active opposition to having the building placed upon the Common had sprung up, and papers for sig¬ natures to a remonstrance against it were already in circulation. Indeed, it was very evident that there were many citizens of Boston bent upon throwing every obstruc¬ tion they could in the way of the Festival. Truly, it would seem as if there are men who, if the gates of Heaven were thrown wide open and all mankind were invited to walk in, would get up a remonstrance to prevent some of their fellow-beings from having any such privilege. No sooner had it become known that permission to erect the building upon the Common had been granted to the friends of the Peace Jubilee, than there GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 211 was a great commotion among the opponents of the measure. The following article struck the key-note of much discord, for it not only stirred up the ire of many an honest old Frog-Pond croaker, but aroused also the entire Anti-Jubilee Society into unwonted activity. From the Boston. Daily Advertiser, Wednesday, March 17. We beg to congratulate the managers of the Peace Jubilee on the success of the trick by which they have secured a snap judg¬ ment on the question of placing their proposed building on the Common. Their whole plan of operations for avoiding a public discussion of their scheme, and the opposition which it was sure to excite, is so novel here, however usual it may be in New York, that we invite the special attention of our readers to the affair. It will be remembered that attention was called some months ago to the objectionable character of the scheme for occupying the Common with the proposed building. There was a good deal of private discussion of the subject, and it is certain that the op¬ position to the plan was found to be wide and deeply rooted. As the matter then stood there was no occasion for this opposition to take any organized shape or find any formal expression. It was known, however, to have made some impression on those en¬ gaged in managing the proposed Festival, and it was supposed to have been effectual in leading them to select some other loca¬ tion for their building. It now appears that it was simply effec¬ tual so far as to satisfy them that it would not answer to allow a public hearing on their scheme before it should be acted on by the city government. For two months, therefore, it has been given out that other locations were in view ; that the farther part of Commonwealth Avenue or the lower part of Boylston Street had been selected, and that the plan of taking a part of the Com¬ mon had been given up. On Monday evening, however, a petition, signed by two mem¬ bers of the Building Committee of the subscribers to the Festival, was presented in the Board of Aldermen by the third member of that committee, who happens very conveniently to be an Aider- man also. On the representation that no time was to be lost, it was voted to give a hearing to the petitioners then and there, lii passing, we might perhaps suggest that this was a waste of time, but it is not best to be hypercritical with a plan which in 212 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. general was so well contrived. The petitioners were in attend¬ ance of course, and were heard at once; it is almost needless to say that no remonstrants were present. Two of the Aldermen spoke in opposition, however, and certainly deserved more atten¬ tion than they received, for they were the majority of the com¬ mittee on the Common. These two members of the Board, with their knowledge of the subject and their special interest in it, op¬ posed the scheme ; whether others did so or not is not certain, for there was no division and no yeas and nays taken when the question was put. The scheme was thus carried on an ex parte hearing, without a decent show of argument, under an alleged pressure in making contracts, and against the opinion of the com¬ mittee specially charged with the subject, and the citizens of Bos¬ ton who had been told on Monday that the “Coliseum ’ 7 was to be placed at the foot of Boylston Street, read in their papers at breakfast on Tuesday that leave had been granted for its erection on the Common. Of course the order purports to provide for a merely temporary structure. Bonds are even to be given for its removal upon notice from the Board of Aldermen. But we hardly need to say that in the case of a building costing Eighty Thou¬ sand dollars, prudent citizens will have much more faith in keep¬ ing it off the Common to begin with, than in its early removal after it is once established there. As the case stands it appears to us highly probable that the in¬ genious contrivers of this scheme for smuggling through a meas¬ ure in which so many of our citizens are interested have made a blunder. In the first place it is a mistake to suppose that the use of the Common concerns only the dwellers in the serene regions of Beacon and Arlington Streets. It interests quite as deeply the people at the North End and on the back side of Bea¬ con Hill and around Dover Street. Indeed, it probably interests them more, for the Common is more especially the pleasure- ground of those who live in the city the year round than it is of those who are fortunate enough to spend their summers in the country; and to the poorer and middling classes it is the object of a sort of pride and affection which the richer, with their wider interests, do not feel. In the next place, it will probably be found that the opposition to the use of the Common under such circumstances will check the subscriptions to the proposed Fes¬ tival, if it does not cause the withdrawal of some already made, under the impression that that part of the scheme had been aban¬ doned. The enterprise has labored heavily in its earlier stages, and it may be found that the point has not yet been reached at GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 213 which our citizens can safely be asked to weigh the comparative advantages of having the Festival on the Common or of giving it up. And finally, it is quite possible that by this move the managers of the scheme have secured a very neat piece of litiga¬ tion. Opinions differ as to the legal questions involved by the use of the Common, and there is some reason to believe that steps may be taken to secure a decision of them from an author¬ ity higher than the city solicitor. The “ Common ” question, from another point of view. From the Boston Journal, Wednesday, March 17. The proposed Building on the Common.— We do not imagine that our citizens propose to be misled by those who oppose the erection of a building on the Common, intended for the exclusive use of the Musical Festival. In the first place it will be a tempo¬ rary structure, and there is no intention whatever on the part of the projectors of this enterprise of keeping the building standing one hour beyond the time which the Board of Aldermen may des¬ ignate for its removal. The erection of the building establishes no precedent, and Boston is too large a city to be frightened by any such bugbear. We have had temporary structures on the Common in years past. We have had Abraham Lincoln’s log cahin, and a variety of tents, and no injury that we are aware of ever came to the public interest on their account. A few years since we had on exhibition on the Common a boat of antique ori¬ gin, and the petition requesting that leave might be granted for such an exhibition was signed by many of the leading members of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and by some of our most distinguished citizens. The Parade Ground, which will be tem¬ porarily used as the site of the proposed building, will not be in¬ jured in the least, and the location will certainly be worth many thousand dollars to the project. It is accessible from all sections of the city, and we contend that the purpose for which it is to be used during a few weeks of the coming summer is even more legitimate than its appropriation to base ball playing, which mo¬ nopolizes this spot to the positive exclusion of a vast majority of our citizens. The fear expressed by the remonstrants that “the proposed building will deprive the young of their customary playground ” is not well founded, for the Common encloses some forty acres, and only a few acres will be required for the building. If a vote could be taken on this question we are satisfied that the 214 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. majority of our citizeus would favor its appropriation for the pur¬ poses indicated. The gentlemen who oppose the erection of this building are un¬ doubtedly influenced by worthy motives, but they must bear in mind that those who favor it are not vandals, and it is possible that they have as high a regard for this public enclosure as any class in the community. They would be the last to invade the rights of the citizens, but in this country majorities are supposed to rule. Colonel Greene had no idea that Boston Common would be “desecrated” by permitting a temporary structure to be placed upon it for a National Jubilee of Peace, as may be seen by the following article. From the Boston Post, Thursday, March 18. It appears to us that the Daily Advertiser is unnecessarily dis¬ tressed about the contemplated building on the Common proposed to be erected for a temporary purpose. Perhaps it mig'ht have improved the value of land at the extreme end of Boylston Street to have the “Coliseum” there; but, certainly, such a location would be inconvenient for the mass of the people “ at the North End, and on the back side of Beacon Hill and around Dover Street,” for whose accommodation the Daily is so anxious, to say nothing of those expected from nearly every State in the Union. It is gratifying, however, to see our contemporary volunteering to protect the interests of “the poorer and middling classes,” but the objections he urges against the access of these classes to the grand entertainment contemplated for the public is hardly consist¬ ent with professions of kindness toward them. By what conju¬ ration and mighty magic a number of respectable citizens were enabled to sway the decision of the Board of Aldermen the Daily partially describes, and pronounces the result “ a snap judgment.” The apprehension that the proposed building is to be permanent, while bonds are to be required for its removal whenever the Board of Aldermen shall give notice to that effect, and the known deter¬ mined objection of the people to any such permanent structure, appears too idle to be expressed except by a captious spirit, anx¬ ious to defeat the whole affair ; such a spirit seems to be evinced in the Daily’s concluding remarks, saying: “It will probably be found that the opposition to the use of the Common under such GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 215 circumstances will check the subscriptions to the proposed Festi¬ val, if it does not cause the withdrawal of some already made under the impression that that part of the scheme had been aban¬ doned. The enterprise has labored heavily in its earlier stages, and it may be found that the point has not yet been reached at which our citizens can safely be asked to weigh the comparative advantages of having the Festival on the Common or of giving it up. And finally, it is quite possible that by this move the mana¬ gers of the scheme have secured a very neat piece of litigation Opinions differ as to the legal questions involved by the use of the Corqmon, and there is some reason to believe that steps may be taken to secure a decision of them from an authority higher than the city solicitor.” What authority is to be invoked to counter¬ act the purposes of the projectors of the Jubilee we are yet to learn; but we hardly think the intimation of a withdrawal of some of the subscriptions, or the discouraging remark that the "enterprise has labored heavily in its earlier stages,” or the im¬ plied threat that those may be found who will endeavor to defeat it entirely because the Common has been selected as the place for the celebration, will be potent enough to blight the wishes of our citizens and nullify the large benefit contemplated by all classes from the visit of the great multitudes the Jubilee would attract to the city. In addition to many leading editorials and spicy arti¬ cles, several communications appeared in the Daily Advertiser upon “ this pestilent plan The two follow¬ ing will serve to show the general tenor of all. THE BUILDING ON THE COMMON. To the Editors of the Boston Daily Advertiser: — In the debate about erecting a Music Hall on the Common, it was said that any other place would require piling. Do not the advocates of this pestilent plan know that the Parade Ground is made land ? There is only a thin crust of soil over the marsh, and no building can be placed there safely without piling, — not nearly so safely as on the land at the foot of Boylston Street, which is solid gravel fifteen feet deep. One step at a time, of course. When the building is con¬ tracted for and started it will doubtless be discovered and an¬ nounced that there must be piles driven to secure the foundations ; 216 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. and then it will be too late to change, and so we shall have a thousand or two of piles driven into the earth which never can be removed. My impression is that there is now a solid founda¬ tion on the top of the hill, where they tried to erect a monument one night, but which came to grief when it was understood. Caution. Here follow the pleasant reminiscences of an “ Old Lady,” protesting against any desecration of the “ holy ground.” To the Editors of the Boston Daily Advertiser: — I have read with much pleasure the remonstrance signed by many Boston gentlemen in your paper of this morning, and only wish you would add a list of ladies, which, I think, would even outnumber that. I am sure the ladies would gladly affix their signatures to petition the city government to reverence this spot, which has been endeared to them from their earliest childhood. A few of us can remember that much of our childhood’s pleasure was gathered from the Common. We remember the days when the cows ate clover, and brought home the supper for the chil¬ dren ; when on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons we went joy¬ fully to the “Wishing Rock” and felt assured that some fairy would fulfil our wish whispered to the rock ; when the Frog Pond looked as broad as the Atlantic ; when the wooden fence was pro¬ tection enough from all dangers. Alas that the spot should not always be “Holy Ground,” and that any should be willing to countenance the desecration of its quiet beauty and to invite oc¬ casion to uproot and destroy its verdure ! Look to it, city fathers, that you do not trample on the rights and feelings of the oldest and youngest lover of the Common. An Old Lady of Boston. March 19, 1869. The reader is now given a glimpse of Boston Com¬ mon in “ Y e Olclene Tyme,” two hundred and twenty- three years ago. From the Boston Evening Transcript, Friday, March 19. On the 18th of May, 1646, as appears by the records of town affairs, it was Voted, 1. It is granted that all the inhabitants shall have GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 217 equal rights of Commonage in the town : those who are admitted by the town are to be inhabitants. 2. It is ordered that all who shall, after the date hereof, come to be an inhabitant in the town of Boston shall not have right of Commonage, unless he hire it of them that are Commoners. 3. There shall be kept out on the Common by the inhabitants of the town but seventy milch kine. 4. No dry cattle, young cattle, or horse shall be free to go on the Common this year, but one horse of Elder Oliver. 5. No inhabi¬ tant shall sell his right of Commonage, but may let it out to hire from year to year. Editor Dunham pokes fun at good “ old Boston.” From the Boston Sunday Times, March 21. Boston has for many years enjoyed among the outside world the reputation of being one of the cleanest and most quiet cities of the Union. There is no place on the continent where the ice disappears from the sidewalks sooner, where the mud is dried up quicker, or where the west-winds raise less dust, than in our streets, albeit they are crooked and narrow. At seventy-five or eighty our merchants are supposed to be more ambitious than at twenty, and more active at that mature age in devising plans for the future than when the blush of youth mantles their cheeks. At a hundred or so they ought to become experienced business men. If any daring and reckless young man desires to enibark in business for himself, he is believed to succeed much better if he shaves the top of his head, and pads his clothes so as to give him a venerable and corpulent appearance. The model Boston business man should read only one paper in the morning, and one at night, and on his way down town his foot should touch the same brick in the sidewalks, he should cross at just the same angle in the street, and enter his office at just such a moment. This strict discipline, this regularity and adherence to one beaten path, are most commendable, and it is always with a sense of ap¬ prehension that we see an outsider planting himself in a position from which he must be elbowed or fight. Some changes have occurred of late years, and a desperate effort has been made to alter the whole character of the city, and place it on a footing with the other bustling towns of this bus¬ tling country. The youthful interlopers were first successful in introducing at great expense water from a lake many miles dis¬ tant, thus doing away with the old oaken bucket and the old- 218 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. fashioned pump, which all loved so well; then they madly under¬ took to manufacture to order land where the Creator had origi¬ nally intended there should be only water; next they laid iron tracks in our streets, and cars now go rumbling through the main thoroughfares at all hours of the day and night; they have torn down our old landmarks, and converted halls dedicated to past memories into marts of trade ; avenues have been straightened and widened, so that we are frequently compelled to turn new corners, while an army of eager, earnest men and women often jostle us from the sidewalks which were once traversed in peace, quiet, and security. But the worst is not yet told. This army of youthful and pre¬ sumptuous striplings have inaugurated an enterprise which, if carried out, will convert Boston into Bedlam, and moments of re¬ pose into hours of waking; our streets will swarm with outsid¬ ers ; our stores will be filled with crowding, curious strangers; the circulation of the newspapers will be temporarily doubled; the Frog Pond will be used as a wash-basin ; our hotels will be crowded, and landlords will experience what their fathers seldom felt,—the pressure of a full house. If the Musical Festival is carried out on the plans proposed, it will be impossible for any steady-going business man to reach his office during the three days without being jostled from his accustomed path at least a dozen times. The frequency of such an occurrence would indi¬ cate that the time has at last come for decided action, and we call upon the noble army of martyrs (now, alas ! fast diminishing) to rise and fight for home and fireside against the vandals of noise and bustle. Let our action be united, and the usual modes of jn’otest followed,—a petition weighed down with heavy names, a meeting in Faneuil Hall, an address from one of our leading- merchants, a long string of resolutions, a unanimous adoption of which should arrest the mad enterprise. If it does not, then truly our places shall know us no more forever. In the mean time let our watchword at the clubs, in our pri¬ vate offices, and by our invaded firesides (conveyed as is custom¬ ary in whispers and significant nods and winks), be, — “ Down with the Peace Jubilee “ Let us have Peace.” Choice bits of historical information are brought out by the discussion. Colonel Greene revietvs the situa¬ tion, and dresses up old themes with variations and modern progressions. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 219 From tlie Boston Post, March 22. One of the "Old Ladies of Boston” expresses her pleasure in the Daily Advertiser at the remonstrance some Old Gentlemen of Boston have signed against the proposition to erect a building on the Common Parade Ground for the Musical Jubilee. The good old soul says : "I am sure the ladies would gladly affix their sig¬ natures to petition the city government to reverence this spot, which has been endeared to them from their earliest childhood. A few of us can remember that much of our childhood’s pleasure was gathered from the Common. We remember the days when the cows ate clover and brought home the supper for the children ; when'on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons we went joyfully to the ‘ Wishing Rock ’ and felt assured that some fairy would fulfil our wish whispered to the rock; when the Frog Pond looked as broad as the Atlantic ; when the wooden fence was protection enough from all dangers. Alas that the spot should not always be 'Holy Ground,’ and that any should be willing to countenance the desecration of its quiet beauty and to invite occasion to up¬ root and destroy its verdure.” Another correspondent of the Daily thus describes the condition of the ground designated for the Jubilee building at the time the "Old Lady” was so en¬ chanted, and when, if cows sought their food there, they must have yielded " swill milk” for the children’s suppei-s. The latter correspondent is thus graphic in his picture : "I can well remem¬ ber this swamp-hole as a filthy, slimy bog, upon whose surface rested ‘the green mantle of the standing pool.’ Here, upon its ‘slippery marge,’ were dug trenches, or graves, and the little ‘tip-carts’ of the day, ‘town service carts’ they were called, dumped their contents of swill, which was lightly covered, and others were dug and filled; and so for years this land was a fes¬ tering mass of decay, till in later years, when coal came to be used as fuel, the ashes of the city were used as a cover to the whole.” The Transcript of Saturday evening contains the follow¬ ing: “Several old ‘Boston boys,’ after reading the account of the Common in the Transcript of last evening, have furnished us with descriptions of the westerly portion of the enclosure, now called the ' Parade Ground.’ Within the memory of these gentle¬ men it was a quagmire, avoided by all people. There was a horse-pond on a part of it, in which a negro servant of 'Dr. John Warren was drowned. After Charles Street was built across it the area was drier, though still a muddy marsh, chiefly occupied by cows during the heat of the day. It took many years of fill- 220 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ing with dry dirt, coal ashes, etc., to make it fit for public uses.” Thus it appears that the ground on which the Aldermen have granted permission to erect a temporary building is not the old Common the “ Old Lady” would have considered "holy ground,” and although it once had a bog which somewhat resembled the Frog Pond, it has ever been as clear of "clover” as some old ladies’ heads are of natural hair. It is a portion of land redeemed in late years from marsh, horse-pond, and filth, and appropriated to public displays, shows, fireworks, games, parades, etc., and the use to which it is now proposed to devote a portion of it for a brief time is no more a violation of the "sanctity” of the Com¬ mon than is the use of Charles Street as a public highway, re¬ cently a part of this "slippery marge.” A large portion of the citizens who have given the Public Garden for the gratification of a few comparatively, paid from their taxes for its elegant adorn¬ ment, including a fifteen or twenty thousand dollar fancy bridge for swans to swim under, now desire to occupy the ground they have made and own to aid in consummating a design to convene masses of people, from all portions of the country, for the purpose of cultivating those sentiments of amity and union upon which the peace and prosperity of the nation depend. If the attempt prove a success, — and there is the best assurance that it will,— the Jubilee will be one of the grandest events of the kind the world has known, and redound greatly to the honor and advan¬ tage of the metropolis of New England. That an effort so lauda¬ ble and important should be opposed under the flimsy objections that it will interrupt the play of boys, "trample” down grass on the Common, necessitate the driving of stakes, and because the Frog Pond once looked to a young lady as broad as the Atlan¬ tic, is as wonderful as ridiculous. Even the Overseers of Harvard would hardly venture upon such fastidiousness. A comprehensive view of the subject, and a few words of sound advice, evidently from the experienced pen of Daniel L. Haskell, Esq. From the Boston Evening Transcript, Tuesday, March 23. The Peace Jubilee. — It is to be regretted that all discordant opinions in regard to the proposed Musical Festival cannot be har¬ monized, as an enterprise of so much magnitude, to be com¬ pletely successful, requires the cordial approval and co-operation of all the citizens. Those who have had experience in the man- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 221 agement of musical festivals, railroad jubilees, mechanics’ fairs, and other large public gatherings, well know that much of their success depended upon the united action of the whole public. There generally are internal elements of discord enough for the exercise of all the talent and tact of committees and managers to make things work smoothly. Vanity has to be satisfied, jealousy overcome, pride reconciled, ambition and rivalry made content, and other human weaknesses conciliated. We therefore hope that the moral effect and significance of this vast enterprise will not be lost on account of local antagonisms and divided counsels. Let “ Peace,” in its full meaning, reign within and without the Coli¬ seum. , Colonel W. W. Clapp, a firm friend and strong advo¬ cate of the Peace Jubilee from first to last, understood the matter thoroughly, as will be seen by the follow¬ ing extract. From the Boston Journal, March 23, 1869. The Peace Festival. —The proposed Musical Festival was de¬ signed to commemorate the restoration of peace, but it has had a stormy introduction thus far, and the conflict appears to be grow¬ ing warmer. We think the Daily Advertiser is a little hasty in its conclu¬ sions, and somewhat misinformed as to the origin of the Festival. For many months Mr. Gilmore has been occupied with what ap¬ peared to him a great enterprise. He quietly prepared his plans, he cautiously unfolded his design to some of the leading musicians of the country, and when he had sufficiently matured the whole, he made public announcement of his proposed Festival, which was indorsed by prominent gentlemen of this city, by leading musical professors, and by the press. He commenced to set the wheels in motion to secure the result he aimed to accomplish ; he met with many discouragements; he was opposed, and denounced by high- art critics, who ridiculed the idea, and when he solicited the co¬ operation of some of our merchants, merely asking their advice, they very politely refused to become active in the project, but be¬ stowed their blessing in words of approval. Mr. Gilmore contin¬ ued his work, and he awakened in many a sympathy which in¬ creased to enthusiasm as the purely unselfish character of the enterprise was made known. Among the active business men of the city Mr. Gilmore found 222 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. more ready listeners to his plan than among any other class, and as the time for action was drawing near, it was proposed that to secure success he must have a business organization. It was at this time that the gentlemen who are denounced as originating a “ promising expedient for filling our hotels and emptying our dry- goods stores” were invited to participate. Mr. Gilmore said to them that his energies would be monopolized by the care and attention which the musical portion would demand, and he desired to place in abler hands the business control. lie urged that if the Festival brought thousands of people to this city that all classes would be benefited, and he deemed it perhaps just that those who would thus become the recipients of a patronage which they would otherwise lack should be ready to do a little work. It is on this plan and on this basis that every great enterprise is started. Our railroads were thus initiated, and men who have carried around papers and solicited aid for steamship lines, urging as a reason that these lines would benefit the trade of Boston, have been regarded as men of eminent sagacity and of great pub¬ lic spirit. They were never denounced as engaged in “a bold speculation which is to fill the pockets of hotel-keepers and tradesmen.” In this way these gentlemen became identified with the project, and we cannot see what they have done to incur the sneers of even the Daily Advertiser. There may be some difference be¬ tween the pockets of hotel-keepers and tradesmen and the pockets of capitalists and real-estate owners, and what is justifiable for one class to do in order to fill their imekets may be very wrong for another class to perform with the same end in view, but we confess our inability to discover the distinction. The selection of the Common as the site for a building we re¬ gard as proper, because we desire to give to our visiting friends an opportunity of seeing Boston under the most favorable aspect. It is a grand and accessible location for a temporary structure. It infringes no legal right that we are aware of, and the custodi¬ ans of the Common were justified in their action. The hearing yesterday developed the fact that some portion of the opposition arises from a want of faith in the enterprise, and Dr. Lothrop threw out the suggestion that in case of failure the hat would be passed round to meet the deficiency. There is no danger of such a result, for the gentlemen who have taken an active interest in it are abundantly able to foot the bills, as they represent a class who pay a very liberal portion of the annual taxation imposed for the adornment of the Common and the public squares. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 223 We regret most sincerely that any trouble should have arisen in regard to the location, but we fear this is with too many an ex¬ cuse rather than the cause of their opposition. The Daily Adver¬ tiser believes “that the determination to insist upon the location on the Common will be found to be a bad, very likely a disas¬ trous, and possibly a fatal, blunder.” We cannot participate in these sad forebodings ; but if the opponents propose, now that they have had a hearing, to appeal from the decision of the Board of Aldermen, and by legal artifice prevent action and thus defeat the erection of the building, let the responsibility rest with the remonstrants for preventing the execution of an enterprise, the benefits'of which would be lasting and the result creditable to Boston as a city noted for its encouragement of the arts and its promotion of every laudable project. What a hubbub the inoffensive action of the Build¬ ing Committee created! Had it been seriously pro¬ posed to lay out the Common into building-lots, and erect permanent structures upon them, no greater stir could have been made. A collection of the various articles called forth by the discussion would fill a large volume. The contro¬ versy was not confined to Boston alone; New York came into the ring, and took both sides of the ques¬ tion ; in fact, the press throughout the country were amused as well as amazed by the zrar-like instead of peace-like demonstration, and, thinking it a free fight, many of them joined in the scrimmage. The question of the location of the Coliseum was the leading topic on ’Change and in the clubs, and seemed to occupy the thought of every one for several days. The “ opposition ” made this a pretext to stir up strife and produce ill-feeling towards the Peace Festival. Mr. Gilmore saw the gathering storm, and knew in his own mind how to avert it in case of serious danger; but the matter was now in the hands of gentlemen of means, influence, energy, and ability, 224 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. wlio had no thought whatever of trespassing upon the rights of their fellow-citizens in planting their standard where wisdom suggested and law protected; and if the unfriendly were disposed to try to drive them from their chosen ground, and to defeat the har¬ monious object for which they had united, why they were ready to meet the issue. It was a very discour¬ aging prospect, to say the least, for gentlemen who, having assumed a tremendous responsibility, with some likelihood of being obliged to put their hands very deeply into their pockets to meet the shortcomings of such a vast undertaking, and without the least expec¬ tation or possibility whatsoever, under any circum¬ stances, of the slightest gain or reward, except the satisfaction of being engaged in bringing about an event which promised to shed lustre upon art, upon Boston, and upon the American nation, — it was a very discouraging reflection for those thus engaged to know that some of their fellow-citizens were uniting simply to oppose, and, if possible, put a stop to the whole movement, by depriving it of a location. If there lingered a doubt in the minds of those engaged in this good work as to an opposition party taking the field, it was dispelled on the morning of Friday, March 19; for the Boston Daily Advertiser of that date contained a long list of remonstrants against the erection of any building upon Boston Common. Such a proceeding demonstrated the fact that there were many who deemed that soil too sacred to be “ desecrated ” by an outpouring of the national heart in a grand Jubilee of Peace, — who were unwilling to give the temporary use of a few acres of that nearly fifty-acre public ground for one of the most sublime spectacles and grandest musical festivals that had ever taken place on the face of the earth. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 225 On Monday morning, March 22, the excitement had reached its height. The feeling, not only against the location granted by the city, but against the whole idea, grew stronger and more bitter every hour. Names were added to the petition of the remonstrants almost as fast as they could be signed; and had it included the graver proposition of hanging the projector, in all probability it would not have lessened the number of signatures at the time. It was made known through the papers that the petition would be laid before the Board of Aldermen at four o’clock that afternoon, and at the appointed hour the scene within and around City Hall was one of unusual life and bustle. Within the memory of the oldest habitue there never was such an important gathering there before. True it is, that many of the remonstrants were actuated by the purest motives; they feared that one encroach¬ ment might follow another, until the beautiful common which had been their play-ground in youth would become the prize of the speculator, and Boston be robbed of the fairest jewel in her crown. Rare occa¬ sions, howeveY, may occur in the life of the nation calling for great demonstrations, when for the good of the city and the general good the use of public ground should be granted, even if temporary inconvenience should be suffered thereby. Some men are very much afraid of setting any precedent. If we do this we must do that , they argue. They act upon the principle that if they should discount a first-class note to-day, they will be obliged to do so for a second-rate one to-mor¬ row ; that if they contribute their means towards a good object, they must also subscribe to a bad one-. So, if they should grant the use of the Common for the National Peace Festival, they must thereafter grant 15 228 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. “ In thus reviewing the repeated efforts made to in¬ terest me, do you think that I could now, in justice to him who looked to me with such hope, and in justice to the feelings of honor within my own breast, raise my hand or my voice to crush the prospects that have been purchased at such a cost, as you all know, of time, trial, and perseverance ? Never! Since I, or those whom I called into council, did not have sufficient faith to aid or encourage an undertaking which, contrary to all predictions, now promises to succeed, it would be an outrage upon all that is noble should we, in the hour of its triumph, use any effort to defeat it. I must, there¬ fore, decline to place my name upon your petition.” This, Mr. Gilmore believed, would have been the nature of Hon. William Gray’s remarks to the canvass¬ ing committee of remonstrants if called upon to fix his name to their petition, — unless that, like many others, his reverence for Boston Common outweighed all other considerations ; but by whatever means his signature was obtained, there stood “ W m. Gray” at the very head of the list. The following is a full copy of the petition, with the names of the remonstrants, presented to the Board of Aldermen March 22, 1869. To the Honorable, the Board of Aldermen of the City of Boston. The undersigned, citizens and tax-payers of the city of Boston, earnestly and respectfully remonstrate against the erection of any building for the proposed Musical Festival on the Parade Ground on Boston Common. The remonstrants do not object to such other action as may be legal and deemed advisable by your Honorable Board to promote the celebration desired,—but they believe such a use of the Common to be an invasion of the rights of every citizen of Bos¬ ton, and forbidden by the limitation under which the city holds the Common for the benefit of the rich and poor alike. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 229 They fear that the proposed building will deprive the young of their customary play-ground during the summer, and will practically exclude the inhabitants of Boston from the privi¬ leges secured to them and to each one of them from the earliest settlement of the city, by the wise forethought of its founders. Win. Gray, Gardner Brewer & Co., Barnes, Merriam, . 8 hat tuck, Lewis Wm. Tappan, Jr. W. H. Whitmore, Alfred P. Hill, James Beck, ,C. W. Huntington, Wm. V. Bond, B. F. Dwight, A. W. Merriam, Chas. J. Morse, Henry Van Brunt, Geo. H. Snelling, Henry G. Denny, Plugo Leonhard, C. L. Tilden, Walter C. Green, Edwd. C. Cubol, Edward E. Pratt, Alfred Winsor, Jr., Geo. Wm. Bond, M. P. Grant, P. T. Jackson, Jr. Wm. R. 1 Hi pee, F. E. Coltman, John A. Blanchard, Dwight Foster, Chas. S. Storrow, Geo. O. Sliattuck, Charles Boyden, James B. Dow, Aug. Schbeinger, Geo. II. Mackay, R. S. Milton, H. B. Goodwin, C. J. Williams, James T. Fields, Thomas F. Edmands, Greely S. Curtis, P. T. Jackson, William Everett, Gilbert R. Payson, E. O. Tufts, Geo. A. King, F. W. Lawrence, Augustus De Peyster, A. C. Baldwin, Sidney Homer, E. A. Boardman, Teter Daily, N. H. Emmons, Jr., Geo. Dickinson, E. H. M. Huntington, E. J. Biddle, Douglas Frazar, William R. Ware, Sebastian B. Schlesinger W. P. Walley, Fredr. C. Sliattuck, Alex. F. Wadsworth, H. H. Coolidge, Herbert Merriam, F. C. Loring, Jr., D. B. Van Brunt, Josiah F. Guild, Flasket Derby, W. Greenough, Reuel Williams, J. D. W. French, F. L. Higginson, W. B. Storer, Geo. L. Pratt, James R. Chadwick, Henry H McBumey, John W. Candler, Isaac W. Danforth, FI. C. Weston, J. Bowdoin Bradlee, Wm. A. FI ay den, John M. Bethune, Nathl. P. Russell, S. A. Bethune, Ogden Codman, Henry Sigourney, A. W. Conant, Floward Snelling, George M. Barnard, Jr., Franklin Burgess, Dr. C. Mifflin, E. W. Rollins, W. Hooper, F. VV. Bradlee, , Ives G. Bates, H. Whitwell, Wm. E. Howe, F. Braggiotti, Henry J. Gardner, Sami. Hammond, J. G. Cushing, VV. P. Fay, J. L. Stackpole, G. I). Welles, F. P. Sprague ; Andrew C. Wheelwright, S. H. Whitwell, W. B. Swett, E. B. Bigelow, C. FI. Dalton, James L. Little, Wm. G. Weld, S_. G. Snelling, Henry Saltonstall, Charles H. Fiske, R. E. Robbins, Jno. C. Sharp. Henry Sayle, L. Hollingsworth, W. Matthews, C. J. Morrill, S. T. Dana, Chas. Faulkner, Wm. F. Weld, C. Gordon, John Col lam ore, John S. Eld ridge, F. VV. llunncwell, C. T. Thayer, Edwd. D. Peters, Horace G ray, Joseph P. Gardner, Stephen H. Bullard, Sewell Tappan, Thos. Goddard, J. B. Moors, J. W. Peele, Alfred B. Hall, William Parsons, Nath. Silsbee, Wm. E. Silsbee, J. T. Coolidge, Jr., James Parker, Wm. Amory, Jr., John Jeffries, Jr., M. O. P. Upham, S. Cabot, Fred. A. Whitwell, , Thomas Doliber, • Theodore Metcalf, R. A. Payne, Sand. M. Colcord, I. C. Hood, Chas. B. R. Hazeltine. W. J. McPherson, Jas. A. Dupee, A. S. Weeks, J. II. Whitney, Benj. Weeks, Jas. M. Barnard, Jas. II. Beal, F. II. Jackson, H. C. Wainwright, C. W. Amory, Samuel Dorr, E. Rollins Morse, Rrenton II. Dickson, S. Frothingham, Jr., Chas. J. Lee, B. C. Mifflin, Chas. II. Cole, Fred. V. Bradley. is. Thayer, James H. Blake, Benj. C. White, John Gardner, Chas. T. Bradford, John T. Coolidge, Joseph T. Barnard, Josiah P. Cooke, Thos. Wigglesworth, Eben Bacon, Joseph B. Glover, Adolphus Davis, Wm. T. Bramhall, Wm. C. Fay, Linus Child, S. M. Child, E. W. James. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 231 The following from the Daily Advertiser will show what the remonstrants had to say why permission should not be granted to erect the building on the Common: — A hearing was given to the remonstrants against permitting the building for the proposed Musical Festival to be erected upon the Common. The remonstrance, bearing about six hundred and fifty signatures, was presented by Alderman Bradlee. Mr. George B. Emerson, the first speaker in behalf of the re¬ monstrants, began by saying that he had not the least personal interest in the question of the disposition of the Common, as he usually spent the summer season out of the city. He regarded the Common as one of the chief beauties of the city, promoting the welfare, health, and enjoyment of families who have not air and sunshine at their homes. It was the delight of all. The boys and girls had no other place in which to refresh themselves ; and when he saw them on the Common, he thanked God that they might go there at certain times and enjoy the purifying air and sunshine. He should be very sorry for those who could not leave the city in summer, to see this great privilege abridged. To oth¬ ers it was of no consequence. There was more need of such a place every year, on account of the growth of the population; and he regretted to see a proposition to diminish its benefits. It would be an intrusion on the Common if it were put to any other use than he had specified. Rev. Dr. Lothrop said that he had felt that nothing new could be said upon the subject, and that the whole force of the argu¬ ment was so decidedly on one side, that the excellent city fathers, in whose judgment he had confidence, would reconsider their order granting permission to place the building on the Common. The whole subject might be disposed of by brief questions and answers. First, was the location proposed the only convenient spot in the city for the erection of the building ? The obvious answer was no. Was it the most convenient spot? This ques¬ tion must also be answered in the negative, for there were many eligible lots of land on the Back Bay or at the South End, whose occupation would not interfere with the rights of the people on the Common on the 1Tth of June, a public holiday. Would it do to erect the building on the Parade Ground without piles ? It did not require an architect to answer that question. Those who had lived in the city for forty or fifty years could remember that all 232 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the low land of the Common, beyond the hills, was formerly a quagmire ; and they knew that such a building as was proposed could not be erected upon this made land without the support of piles. Was it wise or judicious to permit the erection of a build¬ ing not beyond all question safe ? As a member of the School Committee, having in charge the interests of the school children, he should be sorry to see them occupying a building not abso¬ lutely safe. When the projectors of the edifice began to build they would find that it was not safe to build without piles, and would ask permission to drive them; and if permission was given, then the question of permanent occupation would arise. Was it expedient, wise, or economical to put up a temporary building costing Eighty Thousand dollars, to be used for a week, and then sold and its materials scattered ? Would it not be wiser to select a spot where, if desired, the building could remain ? It seemed to him wise for the city to use its influence with the par¬ ties proposing to erect the building, and endeavor to persuade them to put it up on land which they could own, and thus secure a permanent hall. If it were to be used for a great exhibition, to continue a year, then the erection of a temporary building might be wise ; but as it was, it was competent for the city fathers to use their influence for the erection of a permanent building. Had the persons interested in the enterprise a claim to special privi¬ leges on Boston Common ? He could not believe it, admitting all that could be said of the grandeur and influence of the enter¬ prise. Then there was the most serious question of all, — one in which the municipal government and every citizen was inter¬ ested : Had the city government a right to grant any part of the Common for this use ? This ought to be fully considered, and if it involved any shade of doubt, or if it was found that the permis¬ sion would work wrong to any citizen, it ought to be refused. Alderman James here remarked that the city solicitor had given an opinion that the city had a right to grant the use of the Com¬ mon for the desired purpose. Dr. Lothrop asked Mr. James what length of time would be required for the erection of the building, how long it would be occupied, and how much time would be re¬ quired for its removal; and gathering from the replies that about three months in all would be consumed, asked what security the city had that it would be removed even at the expiration of that time. Alderman Baldwin replied that the parties would give a bond for its removal. Dr. Lothrop then asked, if the city government had a rig-bt thus to permit the occupation of the Common for GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 233 three months, why had they not a right to permit its occupation for a. year ? A movement of applause among the audience took place as Dr. Lothrop closed his remarks. At this point Alderman Bradlee presented a remonstrance signed by one hundred and fifty school-boys. Dr. Jacob Bigelow was the next speaker. He said that while he had no doubt that the city government were disposed to act in good faith in this matter, it must be admitted that great enter¬ prises were not always fully understood in their inception, as, for example, the building of the new City Hall and the State House extension, which had cost so much more than the original esti¬ mates. Much as he honored and approved the public spirit of those citizens who had subscribed for the erection of the build¬ ing, he could not but think that it would cost more than they an¬ ticipated, and it was possible that an appeal might be made to relieve them from the enormous expense ultimately incurred. If the proceeds of the Festival did not remunerate them, the Board might be called upon to allow the building to remain until sub¬ stantial pecuniary remuneration was received. While not pre¬ pared to say that the extraordinary crowd of people expected in the city would be likely to engender a pestilence, he concurred with the previous speakers in the opinion that it was necessary for the health of the city that the opportunities of obtaining fresh air should not be abridged. Mr. Henry B. Rogers said his opposition to the proposed occu¬ pation of the Common, though based on entirely different grounds, covered all the objections previously stated. The Common was a sacred place. [Applause.] He had visited many other cities and seen many larger parks, but he had never seen one which an¬ swered its purpose better. Its beauty and its advantages were not for the residents on Beacon Street alone, but for all the poor; and when he had seen it thronged with happy people, he had thought that he would not lose any part of it for his right hand. [Renewed applause.] The Common was the admiration of all visitors from abroad. If we began to encroach upon it a prece¬ dent would be established. This building might be put up and removed ; but other parties might ask a similar privilege, and the Board, having once granted such use, would have no right to deny. It would be said, “ You have already consented, and must again.” The proposed occupation would be an injury to every woman and child in the city. Every Qne had a right to use the Common, but no one had a right to abuse it. There was no safe principle to adopt except to let it alone. He hoped never 234 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. to see the day when a building of any kind would be erected on the Common. Mr. John 0. Prince agreed with the remarks of previous speak¬ ers. It was evident, he said, that somebody proposed to make money out of the Festival. Was it, then, good policy for them to fight against the sentiments of the people ? If they did, many would lose their interest in making the affair a success. Mr. Gamaliel Bradford spoke of the beauty of the Common and its admirable location in the heart of the city, and asked what New York would be willing to give for such a treasure. If its use was granted for this purpose now, it could not be refused to others who should ask for it for speculative purposes. He ap¬ pealed to the Mayor not to let it be said that his administration was the first to permit encroachment on the Common. At this point another demonstration of applause took place, and Alderman Talbot demanding that such manifestations should be prevented, the Mayor requested the audience to refrain from expressions of approval or disapproval. Mr. Charles H. Dalton rose to correct a misapprehension that the remonstrants were opposed to the Jubilee. lie felt justified in saying that this was not the fact, because he knew the history of the paper bearing the names of the remonstrants. He read a letter in reference to the suitableness of the Back Bay lands for the proposed exhibition. During the war, he said, the Board had peremptorily refused to permit the erection of barracks for sol¬ diers upon the Common. It seemed to him a flagrant inconsis¬ tency to deny the use of the Common to men who had just left their homes to go to the defence of the country, and then to grant its use for a celebration in honor of the victory they had won. The subscribers to the Festival did not enter the lists against the remonstrants, but let them have the field all to themselves; and when all their orators had been heard Alderman Bradlee offered the following in their behalf: — Ordered, That the order granting the use of the Parade Ground on Boston Common to the Building Committee of sub¬ scribers to the Musical Peace Festival, for the pfurpose of erect¬ ing a temporary structure thereon, be, and the same is hereby rescinded. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 235 Alderman Baldwin opposed the passage of the order, and in the face of the six hundred and fifty stated that “ he thought, as citizens of Boston, they occupied a very singular position. They were like the man who proposed to give a grand banquet, and sent his invitations far and wide ; but when his guests came they found every room in the house closed except the back kitchen,- into which they were told to go and make merry. In looking over the names of the re¬ monstrants he found very few who were at all inter¬ ested in the Jubilee, and he doubted if any of them were upon the list of subscribers. He held in his hand a list of those who had subscribed to the Festival, to the amount of Ninety-Four Thousand Dollars, and who, if they had chosen to get up a counter petition, could have secured a string of names ten miles in length .” He concluded by saying that “ it was the duty of every citizen of Boston to encourage the enterprise ; it was but right that we should hold a National Jubilee, and all heartily unite in one grand anthem of praise to God for the return of Peace.” Alderman Pratt also made a stirring speech not very comforting to the “ solid phalanx ” surrounding him. He remarked that “ his support of the proposal to place the building on the Common might be taken as an in¬ dication that he lacked local patriotism; but he would yield to no one of the remonstrants in this particular. He felt the strongest interest in Boston Common. He believed in the ‘hub’ and in the Common as its crowning glory. But he believed that we must also have public spirit, and give encouragement to trade and industry. The members of the board must consider the greatest interest of the greatest number of citizens. He would not disregard the opinions of old residents; but he be¬ lieved that their rights had been fully considered, and 236 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. that it was proper to grant the privilege which the petitioners asked for. He could see no objection what¬ ever to having the building placed upon the Common, and hoped the board would adhere to its former action.” The question was now called for, and for an instant there was breathless silence. All eyes and ears were strained to catch the result, which was that only Two of the Aldermen voted for the order and Ten against it, thus reaffirming their decision to permit the build¬ ing to be placed upon the Common. Immediately after the result of the vote was an¬ nounced the defeated petitioners retired, expressing the greatest indignation and disappointment, and de¬ claring that the matter would not be permitted to end there. In fact, a call was at once issued for a private meeting of the remonstrants, and it was whis¬ pered, that the walls of old Faneuil Hall would soon resound with such a wail in a; and howling; and gnashing of teeth as would strike terror into the hearts of any and all who dared propose holding Musical Festivals or Peace Jubilees upon the sacred soil of Boston Common. Discord was rife ; it seemed as if the old Mischief- maker himself were stirring up all the envy, jealousy, and wrath that lurked in the secret souls of Bosto¬ nians, and turning the whole current against the Peace Jubilee. There never was such a “tempest in a tea¬ pot” before, never such a terrible unveiling of char¬ acter. Men scarcely knew themselves or were known by each other, they were so intensely wrought up by the frenzy of passion. It was a curious episode in the history of Boston. On the evening of this eventful day the Executive Committee held a meeting at the St. James Hotel, Hon. A. H. Rice in the chair. Mr. Rice was placed in a very trying position. Many of his warmest personal GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 237 friends were among the remonstrants. Anonymous letters had been sent him, and others bearing the sig¬ natures of the writers, earnestly advising him to vacate the Presidency of the Jubilee Association. Not only this, but he had been called upon by influential parties, who, filled with evil forebodings themselves, endeavored to persuade him to abandon an undertaking that, in the opinion of his best friends, would end in failure and involve him in its fall. Mr. Rice said nothing whatever of the influences brought to bear upon him at this time, but his mind was. burdened with a weight of anxiety that well might cause him to falter in his noble purpose of up¬ holding that which threatened mischief to all connected with it. Nay, Mr. Rice, Mr. Jordan, Mr. Ditson, Mr. Ballou, Mr. Harris, Mr. Davis, Mr. Bardwell, — every gentleman, indeed, who had lent his name to the enterprise, would have been justified, under the cir¬ cumstances, in dropping it altogether, and saying to the opponents of the undertaking: “ Gentlemen, the Peace Jubilee is at an end! ou need borrow no more, trouble upon that score ! The great Musical Festival, which the whole country have been antici¬ pating with such deep interest, will not take place. So many of the influential citizens of Boston have ar¬ rayed themselves against it, that it is hopeless to go on further, and we give it, up ! So ‘ Let us have Peace.’ ” They might well have said this, and retired honor¬ ably from the field, for indeed they had cause; but as they did not take this view of the matter, let us see what they did say and do. After the meeting was called to order remarks were made by one and another upon the remarkable scene at the City Hall, and the action of the Board of Alder- 238 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. men that afternoon. The gratification of the com¬ mittee at the result called forth the following vote : — Voted, That we accept the second decision of the Board of Aldermen with thanks, and it is the sense of this meeting that we avail ourselves of its privileges. Notwithstanding this vote was unanimously passed, there lurked a feeling of despondency in the minds of some members of the committee concerning the sit¬ uation, for they all keenly appreciated the unfortunate fact that the citizens of Boston were at that moment in a ferment of unfriendly excitement upon the Jubilee question. The matter of location was simply made a hobby by the leaders to bring out and unite all the discordant elements of opposition. So far they had failed, and the committee had triumphed; yet they did not act or talk like victors who had won the day, and might rest securely upon the field. No; a feeling of deference for the opinions and wishes of the six hun¬ dred and fifty of their fellow-citizens who differed with them created some uneasiness. They felt they were engaged in a good cause, — a mission of Harmony, Peace, and Patriotism, — and did not merit the unkind course which some of their friends and neighbors and business acquaintances were pursuing towards them. The fire of enthusiasm burned low in their breasts that night, and a chill of despondency crept over them they could not wholly shake off. As has been intimated, Mr. Rice appeared sad and anxious. That any cause of difference or ill-feeling should exist among his fellow-citizens regarding the Peace Jubilee, which threatened disaster to the en¬ terprise, evidently caused him great distress of mind. Mr. Jordan looked as if he knew the way out of all difficulties that might arise, and was ready to meet the issue in whatever form it presented itself. He pre- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 239 dieted all that came to pass upon this day, and as with the eye of a prophet clearly foresaw the end from the beginning. Mr. Harris and Mr. Ditson, conversing upon the doings of the day, enlarged upon the grandeur of the scene that Boston Common would present during Ju¬ bilee week, when tens of thousands who might not be able to obtain entrance to the Coliseum should take position upon the surrounding hills to catch the swell¬ ing strains from the great chorus and orchestra that no walls could confine. The streets around filled with a happy multitude, crowds pouring in at every en¬ trance, the ground literally packed with people : it would be one of the great historical events that would make more memorable and more consecrated the ground set apart by the fathers as the gathering- place of the people on public occasions, where as with one voice and one heart they might come together and mingle their tears or their congratulations in the hour of their greatest joy or grief. Here, where so many gatherings had been held and so many partings had taken place, where hand had grasped hand in the last hour before going to the field from which so many never returned, — here, above all other places, would the heart pour out its fullest emotions as on the spot last trodden by the loved ones who had given life and all its hopes of happiness for the land more loved than all things else, — here would the song of praise go up with all the intensity of feeling which the sacred associations of the place would inspire ; and here the Peace Festival must be held. No other spot could or should be thought of. It would be unjust to the memory of the dead, disrespectful to the wishes of the majority of the living, unworthy themselves and their ancestry, of the noble name of Boston, — of all 240 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. upon which its people prided themselves now or would wish to be remembered for hereafter, to push to one side this great peace-meeting of the nation as if it were something in which they had no heart, and felt unwill¬ ing to grant the fittest place for its assembling, — as if, indeed, the ground were too sacred to be trodden by the feet of strangers who would flock to the Festi¬ val, and, as some feared, poison the air by their presence, when from time immemorial it had been freely given up to every local celebration, however less worthy its pretensions or limited the range of its object. These gentlemen felt, and felt truly, as did all the committee up to this time, that Boston Common was the place, the only place, where the great gathering ought to be held. Mr. Ballou was pushing matters forward in his de¬ partment as if there were no cause whatever for hesi¬ tation. He informed the committee that responsible and reliable builders, who had examined all the plans, were waiting in an adjoining room, prepared to make a bid for the contract, and to enter into bonds that the Coliseum would be ready for the Festival at the time appointed. At this point Mr. George II. Davis took the floor, and made a most discouraging speech upon the dan¬ gers that, in his opinion, attended the further prose¬ cution of the undertaking. He who a week before “could not see for the life of him what reasonable objec¬ tions any citizen of Boston could offer to having the Coliseum for the Peace Jubilee placed upon Boston Common” seemed to have been too much affected by the unreasonable objections of the gathering he had just witnessed in the City Hall. Fie concluded that it would be next to impossible to have the building ready by the 15th of June, even should the builders GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 241 give bonds to that effect; and he laid great stress upon the grave responsibility the committee would have to assume should they conclude to proceed with the enterprise. He, for one, felt that the risk was too great; if the thing > should fall through, they would never hear the last of it; and, more, it might involve every member of the committee in a heavy pecuniary loss. He deeply regretted taking so gloomy a view of the situation, but justice to all concerned compelled him to speak as he felt upon a matter of such serious importance.” Mr. Davis is rigidly upright and conscientious in everything he undertakes. He would not go a step farther than he could see clearly, nor plunge into dan¬ gers from which there might be difficulty in extricating himself. Usually of a grave and dignified demeanor, looking more like an eminent divine than a manufac¬ turer of pianofortes, he was more grave and dignified than ever this evening, and looked and talked as if he were indeed the Undertaker of the Peace Jubilee. But he was so honest and sincere in his outspoken views that no one, not even the projector, could feel ag¬ grieved at his lack of faith. If he had not been a man whose ideas and aims were very close akin to purity and perfection he never could have invented the celebrated Hallet and Davis “ Patent Orchestral Grand.” He is eminently a man of peace and not of war; but in carrying through the Jubilee both qual¬ ities were called into requisition; a good deal of fight¬ ing had to be done one way and another, and it required the strongest nerve and confidence to meet the enemy in his open character and win him over, as well as tact to penetrate his various dangerous disguises. It is unnecessary to say that Mr. Davis’s remarks made a profound impression upon his hearers; but 16 242 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. while his speech might have harmonized with the secret feelings of some of those around him, others saw no reason whatever for drawing such a dismal picture of the prospect, and would not for an instant delay the great work in which they had engaged. A general discussion followed. Some advocated a postponement for two, three, four, or even twelve months; but it was admitted by all that any post¬ ponement at that critical time would be a confession of weakness, and tantamount to an abandonment of the whole undertaking. Mr. Ballou kept the idea constantly before the com¬ mittee that there was no need whatever of postpone¬ ment ; the builders were ready at that moment to give any amount of security that the Coliseum would be ready at the appointed time, and nothing more could be asked. Why not go ahead ? There was so great a division of opinion as to the wisdom of proceeding, that the whole affair began to present a very gloomy aspect. At this dark moment Mr. Charles W. Slack of the Printing Committee, who was present by invitation, came out with a telling speech. “ Was it possible,” he said, “ that the great city of Boston would fail to carry out the Festival to which the whole country were looking forward with the greatest interest ? Should slight differences of opinion, or feeble opposition, mar the harmony or pre¬ vent the fulfilment of so magnificent an enterprise as that in which the gentlemen present were engaged ? He, for one, knew that those whom he saw before him possessed every qualification, and could control every element, necessary to carry the work in hand to a glo¬ rious success, and they should proceed without fear until the noble idea which they had undertaken, and which the whole nation — outside of Boston — so warmly indorsed, was triumphantly realized.” GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 243 The remarks of Mr. Slack were well received, and caused a momentary revival of a better state of feel¬ ing ; but the funereal picture Mr. Davis had presented still hung like a pall over the minds of those who felt that upon their shoulders alone rested the entire pecu¬ niary weight of ah undertaking that deserved the sym¬ pathy and encouragement of all, instead of the bitter opposition so openly waged against it. It seems to be an attendant circumstance of all great undertakings, as if to try the virtue of those engaged in them, that men should rise up to malign the motive or in some way distort the character of the measures proposed for the public interest, that all the unholy elements of strife may be arrayed against them; but the harsher a noble enterprise is handled the more friends in the end it will make and the firmer it will be fixed in the popular regard. If its supporters, clothed in the panoply of faith, but adhere firmly to their purpose, the world will come round to them, if they do not come.round to the world. Waiting for the tide to turn may be wearisome, but that it will turn is the experience of all time. “ Revolutions never go backward.” Nor should a step taken in the right direction ever be retraced. You may be ahead of the crowd; but what of that ? So much clearer is the prospect. Men who can stand alone are the world’s gr.eat pillars of strength. They support the very fabrie of society, and when one of them falls the whole struc¬ ture is shaken. These were the men the Peace Jubilee needed, these were the men which it brought out, these were the men who carried it through, and these are the men who deserve all the honor. The heart may often shrink and the feet falter even in the high path of duty, but he who overcomes his fears and strengthens his heart with the faith born of a clean conscience and 244 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. a patriot’s zeal is the true hero: out of such stuff were the men made who brought the Jubilee out of dark¬ ness into marvellous light. Indeed, indeed, it was a perplexing position for these few gentlemen to be placed in, and at this critical moment it was difficult for them to decide just what was best to be done. Some probably felt that it would be wiser to give up the Common altogether and look for some other location. This course would have been justifiable upon the ground that Peace , not War, was the object of the committee. Then, in the hour of triumph, they could show their magnanimity by removing all cause for future quarrel or dispute. But, whatever were the private feelings of the indi¬ vidual members of the committee upon this point, there was too much pride at stake just then to per¬ mit those in the flush of victory from so soon yielding to those who had ineffectually endeavored to drive them from their chosen ground; and during the even¬ ing no one so far betrayed his secret leanings as to suggest a change of base. This would have been a dangerous point to press at that time, a majority of the committee then being more than ever determined to have the Common, and rather than yield their right would throw up the whole enterprise. It was the hour of battle between pride and pru¬ dence. Ay, more ! It was an hour when the para¬ mount consideration of self might well have overborne every feeling of public spirit, and have caused these gentlemen to shrink from shouldering so unpromising and unthankful a responsibility. Mr. Rice, who had been carefully drawing out the sentiments of all upon the situation during the even¬ ing, at length turned to the writer and said, “Well, Mr. Gilmore, what is your opinion of the prospects of the Peace Jubilee now?” GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 245 No one can imagine the painful anxiety with which the projector had listened to the discouraging speeches and remarks of the evening. They could have but one tendency, and that was to paralyze all inclination, all effort, to prosecute the enterprise any further. See¬ ing its sinking and almost hopeless position, he felt it his duty to break the way for a new foundation. He stated that “ he did not think it was from fear of not being able to have all things ready by the 15th day of June that some gentlemen were inclined to take such a gloomy view of the situation. In his opinion the secret cause of such forlorn predictions was, the scene at the City Hall to-day and the proposed location of the building. He did not think the location of such vital importance after all. Place the building where you may, the people will go there ! Other places besides the Common would answer every purpose.” “ Where would you suggest ? ” asked Mr. Rice, who looked as if it were a great relief to him to have this new view of the question presented. “ St. James Park, on the Back Bay,” was the reply. The Building Committee had examined this location before applying for the Common, and their impression of it was very unfavorable at the time ; yet it was the second-best place in Boston for the purpose, and it had the advantage of being neutral ground, — new- made land, over the temporary occupation of which there could be no quarrel. Mr. Gilmore’s suggestion met with no encouragement, and no debate upon the proposition followed. It was growing late, and there appeared to be no desire to take further steps in the matter at that time. The whole affair seemed coming to a stand-still. Just at this moment, when the very last ray of hope was dickering, and the committee were about retiring, Mr. 246 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Boring B. Barnes of the Handel and Haydn Society, who was present during the evening, made some re¬ marks, stating that, “ with every respect for our wor¬ thy projector, the great trouble seemed to be, that the whole thing was on about four times too large a scale'.' He tried to convey the impression that such a prodi¬ gious undertaking could not be carried out successfully. To which “our worthy projector” replied, “ that it was its very magnitude that would insure its success; that the commemoration of Peace called for the greatest possible demonstration, and should it be diminished to correspond with the suggestions of Mr. Barnes, it would assuredly prove a failure; and upon no con¬ ditions would he (the projector) ever consent to any curtailment of its musical proportions.” The meeting broke up, and it appeared at the time as if the committee would never come together again. The Secretary’s record of its doings upon that evening closes as follows : — "The committee separated with heavy hearts ; the wet blanket which Mr. Davis had thrown upon the Peace Jubilee depressed the spirits of all, and it was felt that the enterprise was virtually crushed.” This may well be called Blade Monday in the history of the Peace Jubilee ; and what a sad history it had had up to this time! To recapitulate its experience figuratively, it was hooted at and scoffed at from its birth, and for many months was compelled to hide from the public gaze. Whenever and wherever it dared show itself to beg for recognition and support it was met with derision, and would have been driven out of sight and hearing forever but for its strange per¬ sistency in claiming to be heard. In the one bosom in which it first found welcome it still nestled, and was fed with the fervor of his soul; in return it sang to GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 247 him such an exultant song as was never heard before by human ears. It came not to sing to him alone, but to tens and hundreds of thousands, — to the nation, to the world; but men closed their hearts to its appeal. At length it grew more earnest in its demand to be heard; it called and called for help ; slowly that help came, — slowly, but yet it came. Louder and stronger were its pleadings; many listened, but few gave heed to its cry. At last a noble band came forth and bade it arise. It lifted up its head, and proclaimed its mar¬ vellous mission; and the nation heard its call; its powerful voice found its way to the uttermost parts of the earth, and from far and near, from every land and clime, were coming hosts to hear its wondrous tale. But the evil spirit that walketh in darkness fol¬ lowed the steps of Harmony with the seeds of Dis¬ cord, and a rank crop sown by musical zealots sprang up in battle array against the messengers of Peace and Good-will. They fought, and were defeated, and retired with rancor in their hearts and curses upon their lips. Then from out the noble band came a low wail; it was the voice of one who loved his fellow-man; it came like a warning, bidding all beware! there was danger in the path they had chosen and the work they proposed to perform; that it would be a miracle if they should succeed, — and if not, great would be the punishment of all. And the voice was soft and full of sympathy, and the hearts of many were touched, when with the fervor of feeling, and in deep sepulchral tones it proclaimed: “ Who now hath the courage to proceed must be prepared to put his hands down, down very deep into his, pockets.” As these solemn words fell upon the ear of that 248 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. noble band even the buoyant spirits of the able Secre¬ tary gave way, and dropping his pen as if it were useful no longer, in a low voice he said unto those who were near, “ This is the end of the Peace Jubilee.” With this grave impression all went away. Critical was the position of the enterprise that night of im¬ penetrable blackness, when the meeting broke up with¬ out coming to any positive decision as to what course it was best to pursue. Deep, deep in the heart of the projector, as scored by a pen of iron, was written those fearful words, — “ This is the end of the Peace Jubi¬ lee.” The writing upon the wall of the riotous king, in the days when Babylon was great among the na¬ tions, was not of more solemn import, or charged with deeper despair or edged with a sharper pang. 0 the agony of that night no pen can portray, when all things seemed resolved into chaos, and darkness brooded over his soul. When the gale swoops down upon the mariner at sea, and his frail bark is tossed from billow to billow through all the lengthened hours of the day, and the coming night only deepens the danger ; when the an¬ gry clouds, sweeping from pole to pole, burst forth in fury, tilling the vault of heaven with their roar, and through the crashing elements the lightning’s flash cuts like a sword of tire, as if it were a battle of world against world, 0 then it is that he who on the shiver- ing deck has stood amid the raging tempest, through¬ out the long and dreary night, watches with eager eye, and welcomes with gladsome heart, the first faint flushes of the breaking day, with hope that calm may come again with light and sunshine. So was it with one who directed his footsteps homeward that dreary night, still tossed upon the sea of troubles that gave him no rest, and surrounded by darkness deeper than the midnight GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 249 storm, and dangers tliat seemed to thicken at every step, — so like the weary mariner he watched for the first gray dawn of another day, that perchance would brighten all again, and bring peace to the troubled waters. But this story is founded on too much sober fact to permit any interruption of the seriousness of the nar¬ ration ; yet the mind took many lofty flights, and revelled in the charming scenes it yearned to realize, even in the dark and trying hours so crudely depicted in these pages. But earnest action was then de¬ manded, and stern facts are now more in keeping with the aim of this volume than any figures of fancy; therefore we will return to business, and see what was done upon the day following the almost fatal Black Monday. Early on Tuesday morning Mr. Ballou, who was truly the laboring oar of the enterprise, called with Mr. Wrisley upon Mr. Jordan, who stood at the helm with unflinching determination, and after reviewing the transactions of the preceding day they came to the conclusion that the committee could now afford to be magnanimous, and put a stop to all further wran¬ gling by changing the location of the building. Accordingly a notice to that effect was prepared in Mr. Jordan’s office, and some of the gentlemen already named, together with the Secretary, called upon the other members of the committee to obtain their assent to the change. It necessitated some sacrifice of feel¬ ing on the part of many members to induce them to submit to this proposition; but after much friendly persuasion, the spirit of conciliation at length prevailed, and the indorsement of all was finally secured. On Wednesday morning, March 24, the following card appeared in all the papers: — 250 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. TO THE PUBLIC. The Executive Committee of the National Peace Jubilee Asso¬ ciation, in consideration of the .fact that this great conception and enterprise is pre-eminently one of Harmony, and with the earnest wish to respect the feelings and opinions of their fellow-citizens, have unanimously decided to erect the Coliseum upon St. James Park, west of Berkeley Street. They therefore cordially invite one and all who have the interests of the city of Boston at heart to co-operate with them in the prosecution of one of the grandest popular demonstrations of any period of our history. “ Let us have Peace ! ” Per order of the Executive Committee, HENRY G. PARKER, Secretary. The publication of this card caused no little stir. It was equal to a declaration of Peace, and gained for the committee the heartiest expressions of appro¬ bation and congratulation from both press and public. In fact, it was admitted to be a masterly stroke of gen¬ eralship, and one of the most skilful flank-movements to further the cause that could have been executed. It completely vanquished the opposition, who found all their preparations for future hostilities suddenly set at naught. The following are extracts from some of the many articles upon the subject that appeared in the morning and evening papers : — From the Boston Advertiser, March 24. Our readers will learn from the announcement in another column by the Secretary of the National Peace Jubilee Association, that the Executive Committee of the subscribers have decided to erect their building on St. James Park, west of Berkeley Street. In coming to this decision, in deference to the wishes of so large and respectable a body of our citizens, the committee have shown great good sense, and under the circumstances, it must be owned, not a little good nature. We have no question that this step, taken voluntarily, and for the purpose of restoring harmony by the most effective means, will prove in the highest degree ad- ,-,_|30N.y.BiN^____|30NV.a_lN3,__ , , ■ 3 0 N V H1. KJ 3, |S~r A I R S| ISTA1R S I I STAIR S 1 1 SMdSMl ©'EM© IM ©(DPggliEJj 'ENTRANCE 1 GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 251 vantageous for the enterprise, and will secure for it the support of large numbers of citizens who would otherwise have held aloof. The committee now invite all who have the interests of Boston at heart to co-operate with them in prosecuting their undertaking. We cannot doubt that their appeal will be favorably answered, and, so far as our own influence is concerned, we bespeak for them with pleasure the cordial and substantial assistance and sympathy of our fellow-citizens of every class and pursuit. A union of feeling and opinion among ourselves was alone wanting in order that their scheme, properly carried out, should give an important stimulus to the business interests of our city and make it the centre of attraction for the whole country during the pleas¬ antest part of the coming summer. This union the gentlemen who have the enterprise in charge have now done their best to secure, and the step which they have taken should not be coldly received. From the Boston Herald, March 24. The National Peace Jubilee. — It will be seen by a card in another column, from the Executive Committee of this enterprise, that it is to be carried to fruition without discord, and in accord¬ ance with the harmonizing attributes of melody and song. Though fully empowered by the city authorities to make use of the Parade Ground on the Common for the purposes of the Fes¬ tival, the committee in a most magnanimous and commendable manner have declined to avail themselves of the privilege ac¬ corded them, and the Coliseum will be erected on St. James Park, west of Berkeley Street. From the Boston Journal, March 24. The Peace Festival. — It will be seen by reference to an an¬ nouncement in another column, that the gentlemen engaged in the management of the proposed National Peace Jubilee have de¬ cided to erect the building upon St. James Park, which is located on Dartmouth Street, and is easy of access from Commonwealth Avenue, Boylston Street, and other thoroughfares. They make this change from a desire to allay the excitement which has arisen regarding the use of the Common for such a purpose, and to se¬ cure the promised support of many who are now ready to give the enterprise the encouragement which its magnitude demands. We think the conclusion reached a wise one under the circum¬ stances. The lot secured is ample for such a Coliseum as will be required, and the enhanced cost of the building will more than be 252 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. made up by the harmony of action which will bo secured. Now that our citizens have been warmed up to the work by the prelim¬ inary skirmish which has taken place, we trust that all will now unite in making this project one of the most successful undertak¬ ings that Boston has ever initiated. From the Boston Transcript, March 24. The Peace Festival. — Now that the question of the location of the Musical Coliseum has been harmoniously settled, and all classes in the community have avowed themselves interested in the success of the Festival, there should be such a united and energetic effort to that end as to preclude every chance of fail¬ ure against which it is possible to provide. The project has re¬ ceived the indorsement of the city government,—it has been approved by the great mass of our people, — and therefore it is a matter of local pride that it should be carried forward to a trium¬ phant consummation. In the past, the citizens of Boston have not been accounted remiss in their style of commemorating re¬ markable occasions or celebrating great events. They seldom do things by the halves when once their zeal is challenged and aroused. The Jubilee, which is announced for the month of June in this city, possesses many elements of novelty and grand¬ eur that should commend it to those who would make the city noteworthy for its public observances. Undoubtedly thousands of strangers — among them some of the most prominent men in the country — will visit Boston during the carnival of singing and playing. The entertainment to which they come should be complete and perfect as the hearty co-operation of all desiring the welfare of the city can make it. That this may be so, sub¬ stantial aid should not be withheld by influential individuals, be¬ longing to every phase of society, whether such are inclined to melody, or dislike what Charles Lamb called the "measured malice of music.” From tlie Boston Traveller, March 24. The Peace Jubilee. —The Executive Committee of the Na¬ tional Peace Jubilee Association, with a profound belief in their motto, "Let us have Peace,” and in consideration of the fact that this great conception and enterprise is pre-eminently one of harmony, and with the earnest wish to resp'ect the feelings and opinions of their fellow-citizens, have unanimously decided to erect the Coliseum upon St. James Park, west of Berkeley Street. They therefore cordially invite one and all who have the interests GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 253 of the city of Boston at heart to co-operate with them in the prosecution of one of the grandest popular demonstrations of any, period of our history. This wise action on the part of the com¬ mittee has set at rest the vexed question of where the Coliseum shall be erected, and will harmonize all the contrary elements. The committee has gained the respect of all classes in thus de¬ ferring to the wishes of many of our first citizens, who were adverse to the building being placed on the Common, and we think have secured for the enterprise a greater success than would have been attained under other and less happy circum¬ stances. While our own belief is strong that the Common is the most fitting place on which to hold the Festival, yet for the sake of harmony and for the good of the undertaking we cheerfully acquiesce in the change. The question of location cannot now be made use of as an excuse for not lending a helping hand to the success of the scheme, and we trust that those gentlemen, whose wishes have been so gracefully gratified by the Executive Com¬ mittee will now come forward with liberal subscriptions. From the Boston Transcript, March 26. One good effect of the Peace Jubilee will be that a desire to learn and hear music will be created, and this cannot be done without stimulating the public taste and elevating the musical standard on the part of those who have already made this grace their study and found it a satisfying and ennobling pursuit. As¬ sociations to practice the pieces to be sung at the Festival are in process of formation throughout the country, every day’s mail bringing intelligence of some new organization for this purpose. It is expected that in the vicinity of Boston the rush to join the grand chorus will be so great that the chief trouble will be in the necessary discrimination against the large class who desire to take part in the exercises, but are “organically incapable of tune.” We are glad to see that the interest in the Festival, in its musical and financial aspects, is daily increasing. From the Commercial Bulletin, March 27. The Executive Committee of the Musical Festival have decided to erect the Coliseum on St. James Park, near Berkeley Street. This action removes the only serious obstacle to the success of the enterprise, and insures the harmonious co-operation of all classes of citizens in a work which will reflect great honor upon Boston. While we still believe the Parade Ground of the Com¬ mon to be the fittest site for the proposed building, and regret 254 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. for many reasons that it was not selected, we must approve the course of the committee as being, under the circumstances, the wisest. Unity of sentiment and action on the part of all citizens is the prime requisite for success in such a gigantic enterprise as this Festival, and to secure that, important sacrifices should be made. Now that this point of difference is avoided there can be no good reason why the people of Boston should not join and labor, as one man, in behalf of the Festival. Its success is sim¬ ply a question of degree ; greater or less according to the harmo¬ nious energy or indifference of the public. It is bound to be, and, for the credit of Boston, let it be something that we can justly be proud of. Let us respond to the sneers of other cities by making good our promises, and showing envious rivals that when Boston undertakes a work of this kind it is her habit to do it thoroughly. The quarrel that seemed likely to grow out of the differ¬ ence of opinion concerning the use of the Common for the pur¬ poses of the Festival, having fortunately been nipped in the bud by the action of the committee, the matters involved in it should perhaps be consigned to oblivion. But it seems only just to resent, on the part of the many eminent gentle¬ men who are actively engaged in the great enterprise, the insinuations of a daily paper to the effect that they regard the Festival as a " speculation, ” and forward it in private rather than in public spirit. From the Saturday Evening Express, March 27. The Peace Festival. — There can be but one opinion now in regard to the great celebration of the return of peace to our country, and that opinion is that it will be a triumphant success, and one of which our citizens will have just reason to be proud unto the latest day of their lives; as Bostonians we feel a special interest in the matter, and rejoice that our city has been selected as the favored spot from whence this song of thanksgiving will rise unto Him who has brought us once more into the sunny days of prosperity and happiness. Poets in other lands and other days have sung in thrilling strains the praises of peace; musicians with skilful fingers have swept the lyre in silvery notes ; but for our own country is reserved the grand triumph, under the leader¬ ship of Gilmore, —the man of the times,—to blend, as it were, into one harmonious whole the thanksgiving of a free and happy people, — a grand paean of praise, the echoes of which shall rever¬ berate from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 255 We are pleased that the gentlemen of the committee, respect¬ ing the wishes of those who cherished scruples as to the propri¬ ety of having the Coliseum placed upon the Common, have cour¬ teously yielded the point, and decided to have it placed upon St. James Park, west of Berkeley Street. Our own choice would have been for the Common, which seems to us as the place best suited to such a patriotic occasion; yet as it is especially desir¬ able that harmony should mark every stage of the proceedings from the commencement to the close, let private wishes give place to public unanimity of feeling and cordial good-will. Here then let this noble building rise in all its fair proportions, and when from beneath its lofty dome is heard the swelling cho¬ rus, while the ringing of bells, the rolling drum, and the roar of artillery add to the majestic grandeur of the hour, then shall the man whose heart conceived this, great design acknowledge that the triumphant success amply compensates for the months of care and trouble which preceded it; while the listening thousands, as the last accents die upon the ear, shall unite as with one voice in praise of the master spirit who arranged and guided the whole. From the Boston Commonwealth, March 27. The Peace Festival. — Though twice sustained.by the city au¬ thorities in their request to locate the Jubilee building on the Common, the Executive Committee have determined, if possible, to be the cause of no discord among the citizens that shall affect its complete success. They have, therefore, of their own motion, though having the support of the Aldermen and of three fourths of the community behind them, voluntarily determined to erect the building on St. James Square, to the west of Berkeley Street, and arrangements have already been consummated-for the speedy construction of the edifice. The musical portion of the enterprise is also in a state of like forwardness, the first chorus rehearsal taking place at Bumstead Hall, on Monday evening last; the place, however, being too limited in size for all who desire to be enrolled, has necessitated the formation of a second class, which will commence practice on Wednesday next. Overtures and en¬ gagements for participancy, as singers, have already come from fifty different cities and towns of the country ; and the only ques¬ tion now is the possibility of gratifying all who desire to take part in the Festival. While everything outwardly thus promises success to the dem¬ onstration, there is yet with us a latent opposition that will prob- 256 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ably, now that the building is not to be on the Common, be not so much heard as felt. It cropped out in the Advertiser, on Tues¬ day morning, after the second vote of the Aldermen defining the location of the building. That expression was to the effect that the demonstration was contrived “to fill the hotels and empty the dry-goods stores,” —as though the demonstration in a building located anywhere in Boston would not be chargeable with the same motive! The old Boston, quiet, conservative, money-sav¬ ing, — the Boston that affects a “ civilization” peculiar to itself, — don’t want the bustle, energy, life, of newer cities,—the “Chicago civilization,” as it has been termed, in contradistinc¬ tion from that of the East. But all who are willing to have Bos- ton take a start in trade, if not in fame, ■— who want business to come here,—who desire to make, if not to augment, their for¬ tunes, — who believe in enjoyment for the million, and the educa¬ tion of the masses, in good music,—in short, the active, wide¬ awake, public-spirited young Boston, of the present, wish to see this enterprise succeed, and will lend it a cordial and hopeful hand. We trust the projectors and committee of this Festival, in view of their generous withdrawal from the Common, will not have to meet an opposition locally peculiar, — a declination to serve on the committee, a refusal to contribute funds for the expenses, a criticism upon tire music and leadership, a sneer and a shrug so well known to one “to the manner born” ; but that all will lend a generous support. If we can’t have classical music in its en¬ tirety, as some might wish, let us approach the high standard as near as we can. If we are to have a noise and a crowd lor a few days, let us forget it in a cheerful hospitality, a loyal sentiment, and such harmony among ourselves as is compatible with the truly laudable purpose of adding to the material and social repu¬ tation of our city. From the Bunker Hill Aurora, March 27. The Great Peace Jubilee. —The Boston Committee of Ar¬ rangements have done themselves infinite credit in their determi¬ nation not to erect “The Coliseum” for Mr. Gilmore’s great Peace Jubilee on Boston Common, notwithstanding the adher¬ ence of the Board of Aldermen to their previous vote on the sub¬ ject. By the action of the committee in this matter they have a just claim to the aid, pecuniary and otherwise, of all the remon¬ strants, and may derive other advantages and benefits by the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 257 change. The building, of course, could not remain on the Com¬ mon ; it may possibly remain for some time on St. James Park, if required, as it may be, for the Fourth of July celebration, or other occasions. The committees are now at work in various ways in preparing for the Jubilee, and, gigantic as the scheme of Mr. Gilmore is, it is bdund to be a success, While the Executive Committee were consulting upon the wisdom and propriety of changing the loca¬ tion of the building Mr. Jordan received the following letter from Mr. Loring B. Barnes, of the Handel and Haydn Society, strongly urging a postponement of the Jubilee: — Boston, March 23, 1869. Eben D. Jordan, Esq. My dear Sir, — Allow me to suggest to you, and to urge you to propose to your associates, at their next meeting, a post¬ ponement of the Great Peace Jubilee from June next, to either October of the present year or to June, 1870. Perhaps, all things being considered, October next will be better. You will not then be compelled to go to another Board of Aldermen for permission to go upon the Common. You now have that grant, and the injunction will then have been disposed of in some manner, and the arrangements can go on uninterruptedly, with time to perfect everything, until that time ; resulting, as I have no doubt, in a grand success. If it is pushed now , I fear a disastrous failure. The building, in the judgment of those who ought to know best about it, cannot be put up in season for the three days of June proposed ; and if it is pushed into July, who of our citi¬ zens able to support such an enterprise will be here to attend ? Not one in five of our own population, and of those in our im¬ mediate vicinity. Let a card be published in the newspapers, signed by the officers and principals of this organization, setting forth that, inasmuch as this is the greatest enterprise of the kind ever un¬ dertaken in any country, the magnitude of which is almost beyond conception, in all its details, requiring much thought and labor in order to perfect it at every point, and that the ob- 17 258 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. structions thrown in the way of the erection of a suitable build¬ ing on the only possible ground at all suited to the occasion have tended to a delay which, it is thought by many, renders it impossible to complete the structure in season, the Festival is postponed to October 1, 1869, when it will take place under much more favorable auspices than could possibly attend it, were the attempt now made to push on the work for the 15th June. I should have expressed myself something after this fashion last evening, but I did not feel at liberty to speak, though in¬ vited there by a gentleman of the committee. Excuse the liberty I take in thus addressing you. The enter¬ prise must not fail , and this, in my mind, is the only way to save it. Yours, &c., LORING B. BARNES. As a prophet Mr. Barnes was a failure, and the adop¬ tion of his suggestions would have put an end to the Peace Jubilee; but his letter, and others of a similar character, had no effect whatever upon Mr. Jordan and his able and earnest associates, who had the foresight to comprehend that to be successful the Festival must either take place at the appointed time or never. The next regular meeting of the Executive Commit¬ tee was held at the Tremont House on Thursday even¬ ing, March 25, the President in the chair. There was a great difference between the feeling at this meeting and that of Black Monday evening. It was like sunshine after a storm; no cloud of distrust darkened the prospect; all was serene and hopeful. Even Mr. Davis had recovered his usual cheerfulness, and seemed as happy as one could wish at the turn things had taken. Arranging of the numerous details kept the committee actively at work up to a late hour, and on the following evening business was resumed at the same place. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 259 The Building Committee, who had thoroughly exam¬ ined the plans as originally drawn by Mr Allen, and made such additions and alterations as they considered advisable, deemed it also necessary to employ a con¬ sulting architect to superintend the construction of the mammoth edifice. For this responsible position they selected the talented and energetic John R. Hall, Esq., who, in reply to their invitation, sent the following let¬ ter of acceptance, which was ordered to be entered upon the records of the Association. Boston, March 22, 1869. To the Committee on building the Coliseum for the proposed Musical Festival. Gentlemen, — I accept with pleasure the appointment of consulting architect in connection with the building designed for the grand Musical Peace Festival. My professional services are entirely at your command at such times and places as you may desire; and I am only too happy to be of any service in forwarding this most admirable and noble enterprise. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, JOHN R. HALL, Architect. On Saturday evening, March 27, the Executive Com¬ mittee met at the St. James Hotel. Mr. Ballou re¬ ported that the Building Committee were now ready to award the contract to Messrs. George B. James & Co. and Judah Sears and Son, upon conditions then speci¬ fied, provided the Executive Committee indorsed the conditions. A serious blockade now seemed imminent, and for a few moments it looked as if there would be another suspension. The difficulty was this : the builders were ready to commence operations at once, but would be obliged to draw upon the Festival treasury for heavy weekly instalments after the work was fairly under 260 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. way. Well, though there was a large guaranty-fund, and a goodly sum subscribed for season tickets, yet there was not a dollar in the treasury, nor was it ex¬ pected there would be for several weeks to come, or until the sale of tickets commenced. The question now presented was, Where is the large amount of money coming from to meet the drafts of the builders and the many other expenses that must he incurred to keep the machinery in motion ? The silence was ominous. The members of the com¬ mittee looked at each other with a puzzled gaze. An¬ other cloud of gloom was gathering. Would it over¬ spread the whole sky and darken the prospect once more ? Thank kind fortune, No ! “ Come, come, Jordan,” said one of his intimate friends, “ now is your time ; just let them see how you can fix this thing.” “ The thing is easy enough,” replied Mr. Jordan. “Just draw your wallet or hand in your check; you may never have a better chance, so now let them see how you can fix it.” “ You ’re a nice man,” said a third, “ to occupy the position of Treasurer of the Great National Peace Ju¬ bilee Association, and not be ready to pay out any amount as fast as the bills are presented!” “ Egad, gentlemen,” said the Treasurer, laughingly, “I’m all ready to pay out just as fast as the thing comes in; but I want to see it begin to come in first, — that’s where I stand.” “ I don’t know,” said Mr. Harris, “ but we might as well put in Fifteen or Twenty Thousand Dollars apiece now as after the Festival is over. I should feel quite satisfied if I could know that my assessment would not exceed that amount.” The committee met this serious question in a very GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 261 merry mood ; and after some joking about the prospec¬ tive loss, it was suggested and agreed to by several gentlemen that they should be drawn upon pro rata for whatever amounts were necessary to meet the bills. In fact, they were now ready to do anything and everything in their power to push forward the work and assume any responsibility the exigencies of the case demanded; but of course each and all such ques¬ tions as the one now being disposed of would have to come up for separate action. Mr. Jordan, feeling in the best of humor, and see¬ ing that everything was going on about right, settled the little difficulty by stating that he would upon his own account furnish whatever funds were required to carry on the work vigorously until the sale of tickets should commence, provided that, in case of any unfore¬ seen contingency, other gentlemen would meet their share of the responsibility. The proposition was unani¬ mously agreed to, after which it was Voted, That the Executive Committee of the National Peace Jubilee Association do now authorize the Building Committee to proceed to make their contract for the erection of the Coliseum on St. James Park, and that the Treasurer be authorized to honor the drafts of the Building Committee, properly audited. It was also unanimously Voted, That no person connected with any Committee of the National Peace Jubilee Association is authorized to incur any expense, or contract any bills in the name of the Association, without the written authority of the Treasurer. After settling many other important points the meet¬ ing adjourned, and the committee separated in the best of spirits. The one feeling that now existed, and which infused itself into every department of the undertaking, was a hearty, earnest, and united deter¬ mination to do all that was possible to insure success, 262 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. and each member of the committee acted as if he felt that the entire responsibility of the great work rested upon his individual shoulders. The contract for the building awarded, Mr. Ballou re¬ quested the contractors to commence work at once, for even then many were doubtful whether the Coliseum would ever be erected, but the moment the first great load of “Southern Pine” for the “Temple of Peace” was hauled to the ground, it was admitted that “ the country was safe,” and everybody you met “ always told you that the Jubilee would be a success.” It was cheering indeed to stand upon the building- spot in the early days of this momentous part of the enterprise, and see the line of great wagons almost as far as the eye could reach, coming and going, coming and going, until over Two Million Five Hundred Thou- sand feet of lumber were delivered to the builders. While this was going on, and the Executive Com¬ mittee were engaged in shaping all the business arrangements, other equally important matters were being pushed forward with the greatest activity. At Mr. Tourjee’s office in the Music Hall a steady stream of applicants flowed in and out from morning till night seeking admission to the Chorus, as also com- mittees and delegations from all parts of the country offering the services of their societies, or seeking in¬ struction about the formation of new musical organiza¬ tions. Already over three thousand Boston singers had joined Mr. Tourjee’s classes, and were singing in the evening rehearsals with a spirit which showed how heartily and earnestly they were preparing for the coming Festival. And this spirit of song, this great awakening of pure and holy musical feeling, was not confined to Boston alone. It was manifested by the forming of societies in hundreds of towns and cities GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 263 throughout the land, some of them — Chicago, for instance, all honor to it! — a thousand miles away. It was a sublime spectacle, — the whole nation, as it were, uprising to sing the song of Peace ; and from every hill and vale the cry was heard,— We are coming, we are coming To the Nation’s Jubilee. The enthusiasm of the young, the middle-aged, and even the older musical people, made many a fireside happy in these days of preparation, as with sweet mel¬ ody upon their lips and pure harmony in their hearts they gathered together in scores and hundreds and thousands, to pour out with fervent and patriotic im¬ pulse the very incense of their souls, in music sublime and in words of rejoicing. Night after night bright eyes and happy faces filled tier above tier of the halls where their rehearsals were held, until in many cases not even standing room was left, and yet the cry was, “Still they come!” Never before was such musical enthusiasm manifested in any land or among any peo¬ ple in the history of the world. Ten Thousand singers responded to the first call. Old societies were revived and new ones formed. It would seem, Indeed, as if every one who could sing wanted to sing ; yet amid all these joyous manifestations for Peace and Harmony all over the land, strange to say the time-honored Han¬ del and Haydn Society of Boston was still kept aloof by those who controlled its management. Often and earnestly the writer of these lines sought the assist¬ ance of this noble Society, but words were of no avail to move them. Although the very first invited, yet they were among the -very last -— the one hundred and second society — to join the great army of singers who formed the Jubilee Chorus. Not a word of complaint can be made, nor is a feel- 264 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ing other than the kindest entertained, towards the ladies and gentlemen of the Handel and Haydn Cho¬ rus. On the contrary, as individuals they merit the warmest gratitude of all; for day after day they came to inquire what was the cause of their Society’s hold¬ ing back when so many musical organizations were coming forward, and expressed the deepest regret for the course their officers were pursuing. But when the latter saw that all was going on successfully with¬ out their aid, and that it was useless to discourage or discountenance the thing any longer, then they came in. Well, bless them for it, even at the eleventh hour; for when they did come in they came with the right spirit, and from that moment every officer and member of the Society did his or her very best to make the Jubilee all that it was, — a glorious triumph! While at this period all the societies composing the chorus were organized and in full rehearsal, the instru¬ mental force — the great orchestra of over one thou¬ sand musicians — were also being engaged. The organization of this department was placed in the hands of Mr. J. Thomas Baldwin, whose experi¬ ence and success as a musical agent gave confidence that he was fully equal to the task. It was a work of time and close application to select and engage this large body of musicians in many parts of the country, and to know that each was competent to perform his part. Mr. Harvey B. Dodworth, Mr. D. L. Downing, and Mr. M. K. Botsford, of New York, gentlemen widely known in the profession, acted as agents in that city, and secured for the Festival the services of over three hundred of its best performers, while Mr. Carl Plage- mann, of Philadelphia, Mr. John Linhard, of Baltimore, and Mr. George W. Lyon (firm of Lyon and Healy), GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 265 of Chicago, did like service in engaging the best musicians in their respective cities. Nor were the members of the great orchestra con¬ fined to the United States alone. Mr. F. H. Torrington, the well-known organist, now of Boston, but then of Montreal, took a very deep and hearty interest in the Jubilee, and secured the services of several first-class musicians in the Provinces and Canadas, including the Band Masters of her Majesty’s regiments stationed at Montreal, Toronto, Quebec, and other places, so that in this respect Old England helped to “ sound the loud timbrel” in commemoration of Peace and the restora¬ tion of the American Union. It required much correspondence and many visits of Mr. Baldwin and Mr. Gilmore to New York and other cities to provide against possible disappointment by musicians who were engaged to perform throughout the Festival. The preparation of the great quantity of music re¬ quired also kept many hands busy for several weeks. The oratorio choruses were printed in the National Peace Jubilee Magazine, published by Mr. Cooliclge, as heretofore mentioned; and Fourteen Thousand copies were given by him to Mr. Tourjee, free of charge, for the use of the chorus, in consideration of profits de¬ rived from advertisements inserted in the magazine, and in fulfilment of a contract previously made with Mr. Gilmore. All the vocal music was published by Messrs. Oliver Ditson & Co., and furnished at the very lowest price to societies; and this firm also published the orchestral parts to the oratorio music, and did everything in their power to advance the interests of the Festival. Symphonies, overtures, and other compositions for the great orchestra, which could not be obtained in this 266 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. country in sufficient quantity, were ordered from Ger¬ many through the firm of Koppitz, Prtifer, & Co., of Boston, and arrived just in time for the Festival. Mr. H. Kinross, a splendid penman and music copyist, was engaged for several weeks in copying band and orches¬ tral parts — one part for each instrument — on pre¬ pared paper, from which it was transferred to stone, and printed in any quantity required, by the firm of Clias. H. Crosby & Co., Lithographers and Engravers. While every branch of the musical department was being developed to completeness, the Executive Com¬ mittee were attending to all other essential arrange¬ ments. Frequent meetings were held during the early part of April at the St. James Hotel, which house became the established rendezvous of the various com¬ mittees, and of all who wished for any information re¬ specting the business part of the Jubilee. At one of these meetings the price of single tickets for the separate performances was the subject of ani¬ mated discussion. Some of the committee favored a high and others a low price of admission. Finally it was unanimously Voted, That the price of a single ticket for one person to a single performance be fixed at Five Dollars and Three Dollars, with reserved seat, according to location, and that Two Dollars be the price of admission without reserved seat. About this time it seemed as if the whole nation were getting particularly interested in the Jubilee. The numerous letters received from every section con¬ cerning the event was convincing proof of the great popularity of the movement. The following from the graceful pen of the well- known writer, Dexter Smith, indicated the feeling at the West: — GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 267 Chicago, III., April 10, 1869. My dear Mr. Gilmore, — It affords me much pleasure to witness the interest evinced in your forthcoming grand enterprise in every section of the West. In Cleveland, Toledo, Detroit, Milwaukee, Chicago, Madison, Janesville, and in fact in every city and town I have visited during the past three months, I have been asked for particulars concerning the great event. Having been in communication with my friend, Mr. Luther L. Holden,* of the Boston Journal (who has kept me “ posted” since I started on my journey), I have been enabled to answer many inquiries, and give much information on the subject. The Jubilee is almost the only topic of conversation among musical people here, and one would think that the entire West intend visiting Boston in June. You may have seen similar statements in my letters to the Boston Sunday Times, and I need not assure you that the grand work and its originator have the very best wishes of Yours sincerely, DEXTER SMITH. There were indications that the hotels would not be sufficient to accommodate the great influx of strangers who would visit Boston during the Festival, and this anticipation led to the establishment of a “ Bureau of Accommodations,” the object of which was made known through the press, and by circulars addressed * Mr. Holden, it may here be stated, well earned the thanks of all who were interested in the success of the Jubilee. He was among the very first to whom Mr. Gilmore made known his plans; and from that moment to the last he was faithful and true, and did immense service for the cause. Not only as musical editor of the Boston Journal (through which influen¬ tial and friendly sheet he was permitted to make known everything of inter¬ est connected with the Festival) was he of the greatest service, but also as correspondent of several papers in other cities, through all of which he kept the progress and particulars of the enterprise well before the public. Being very much interested in music, and in the cause of music, and possessing broad and liberal views upon things in general, the “great idea” just suited him, and he advocated its merits through all its dark and trying stages, and chronicled its success with heartfelt exultation. 268 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. to parties who it was supposed would be willing to receive individuals, families, or societies at fair prices during Jubilee week. The following is a copy of the circular, which was sent to thousands of the housekeepers of Boston. Bureau of Accommodations, 246 Washington Street, Boston, ., 1869. Parties proposing to furnish accommodations for strangers attending the Peace Jubilee in June are requested to answer the following queries by writing opposite to each of them full and explicit replies, and return the same to this Bureau with as little delay as practicable : — 1. Name of party proposing. 2. Street and number. 3. Number and description of rooms. 4. Whether meals furnished or not. 5. Price per day or week. The Bureau assumes no responsibility, but will direct appli¬ cants to the proposer with a card stating the terms as set forth in the answers to the above questions. J. W. PRESTON, Clerk Bureau of Accommodations. The Bureau did good service, and supplied accommo¬ dations for thousands of strangers. Boston opened its doors to all who would come, and as a slight indication of the kind feeling in this respect by which many citi¬ zens were actuated, one gentleman of extremely radical Republican sentiments called upon Mr. Gilmore, and stated that his house was free to whoever might be billeted upon him during the Jubilee. “Send me,” said he, “ six of the worst Rebels that ever lived in the South, and they can make my house their home, and be welcome to the very best that can be provided during the Peace Festival.” That was his language. The tide of generous feeling was at its height. “ Peace and good-will to all” was the prevailing sentiment; and the citizens of Boston generally were putting GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 269 things in order for the reception of friends and rela¬ tives who were coming to the Jubilee from all parts. Matters were assuming formidable proportions in every department; and, as the following letter will show, the Executive Committee were taking the necessary steps to have everything in keeping with the national character and dignity of the occasion. Boston, April 10, 1869. To his Honor the Mayor and the City Council of the City of Boston. The undersigned, the Executive Committee on the subject of the National Peace Jubilee, beg leave to represent that, through the liberality of certain citizens of Boston, a sufficient sum of money has been subscribed to guarantee the pecuniary success of the Musical Festival in June next; and the Com¬ mittee are well satisfied that the artistic success of the enter¬ prise is no less well assured. The interest of all classes in this community in the success of the undertaking is too mani¬ fest to need pointing out. On such occasions heretofore it has been the policy of the city government of Boston, as representing all the citizens, to tender the hospitalities of the city to distinguished national and State officers, and men eminent in literature, art, and science. Satisfied that you will take such action, in the present in¬ stance, as will be in keeping with the ancient fame ©f the city for hospitality, the undersigned simply desire to call your atten¬ tion thus officially to the assured completion of the enterprise, and leave in your hands the whole matter of the reception and entertainment of the distinguished personages who may honor us with their presence. Respectfully submitted, ALEXANDER H. RICE, E. D. JORDAN, JOSIAH BARDWELL, OLIVER DITSON, GEORGE H DAVIS, M. M. BALLOU, FRANK WRISLEY, H. HARRIS. 270 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Messrs. Lewis Rice and Francis Richards, members of the Executive Committee, being also members of the city government, could not with propriety sign the above, and therefore their names do not appear. The action of the city government was in full ac¬ cord with the sentiments of the letter; and the record of the part they performed will appear in its proper place. Previous to the announcement of the Festival Mr. Gilmore had a conversation concerning the enterprise with Dr. John H. Willcox, one of the most talented musicians and eminent organists in the country, and from that time forward he took a very deep interest in its progress. Naturally and artistically he felt that a magnificent organ was almost indispensable to such a Festival, and he explained the importance of having an instrument that would not only make its power and beauty felt in the immense building, but also materially aid in binding the great chorus and orchestra together in the performances. Enthusiastic as to the grand result, like each in his own sphere of action, Dr. Willcox fairly inspired all by his representation of the effect which an organ such as he contemplated would produce ; and although such an addition would add to the heavy pecuniary respon¬ sibility already assumed by the Executive Committee, yet these gentlemen never hesitated going to any ex¬ pense that promised to increase the effect of the music or add to the eclat of the occasion. So they gave an order for the manufacture of the great organ, according to the plans and specifications of Dr. Willcox, and the celebrated house of E.. and G. G. Hook & Co., Organ Manufacturers, (in whose interest he then labored, but is now the head of the popular firm of J. H. Willcox & Co.,) produced an instrument of the most marvel- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 271 lous power, beautiful tone, and in every respect ad¬ mitted to be the grandest of its kind ever heard upon the American continent. The pressure to obtain admission to the chorus at this time was beyond all precedent. Notwithstanding the announcement had been repeatedly made that no more could possibly be admitted, yet delegations rep¬ resenting singers and societies, even from the most dis¬ tant parts of the continent, continued to arrive and apply for membership; but the boohs were closed. The Ten Thousand names already enrolled and accepted appreciated the distinction of being members all the more when they became aware of the pressure for admission of the thousands of disappointed applicants. The most minute and explicit instructions were given to societies from time to time. All were under the strictest discipline, and working heartily to perfect themselves in the music. The following circular, published for their informa¬ tion, greatly heightened the enthusiasm, and all its suggestions were eagerly adopted. CHORUS CIRCULAR No. 2. Boston, April 13, 1869. « For the information of members of choral organizations through¬ out the country who have been accepted for the great Chorus of the National Festival in June this circular is issued ; and espe¬ cial attention is called to its contents. Societies must not receive any further additions to their num¬ bers, as the Chorus is already full, and the Secretaries must notify immediately of the number who will positively attend, in order that seats may be secured for them in the Coliseum. The num¬ ber upon each part must be stated, and in this connection it is earnestly requested that Directors of Societies transfer a portion of their sopranos to the alto part,'as the former predominate so much. It is hoped that Societies will lose no time in learning the cho¬ ruses thoroughly, and that extra rehearsals will be had if neces- 272 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. sary. It is expected that all will be well prepared in the music by May 20th at the latest, and we shall be obliged to refuse ad¬ mission to such as cannot report to that effect. Singers must be guided by the baton, depending solely upon the eye and not the ear. The expenses will be at the lowest possible cost. Fare will be at half rates, and entertainment will be provided at a rate not ex¬ ceeding $1.50 per day, and in all probability the expense will not exceed $ 1.00 per day. Temporary buildings will probably be erected for the gentlemen, and ladies will be entertained in private houses, churches, or other suitable places, which will be fitted up for their express and exclusive accommodation. All who have friends in or near Boston will consult their own com¬ fort and convenience by securing entertainment with them, and trains will run in all directions after the Concerts, enabling sing¬ ers to reach any point within forty miles of Boston the same night. Secretaries will notify us whenever any change of officers oc¬ curs, and by May 20th must send a complete list of their mem¬ bers, as it is intended to publish a book to contain the names of all who participate, and a complete history of the Festival. The Festival will continue five days, instead of three, as origi¬ nally announced. It is intended that the school children shall occupy the chorus seats on Tuesday, the 15th, and the Oratorio Chorus will assemble on Wednesday, the 16th, and take part on that day and also on the 17th (National Day) and 18th. Additional music may be sent to the Societies for the 17th, but this is not yet fully decided. The members will have free admission to the Festival upon Wednesday, Thursday/Friday, and Saturday, the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th, and to any other Concerts which may be given in the Coliseum during the days above mentioned. Spectators’ tickets have been fixed at $ 5.00 and $ 3.00 for ad¬ mission, with reserved seats, according to location, and $2.00 for admission otdy. > Full directions of the course to be pursued upon coming, re¬ ception, the disposition of choral bodies in the Coliseum, general rehearsals, and all particulars in relation to the Festival not yet announced, will be given in Chorus Circular No. 3, which will be issued in May. Mr. Gilmore has placed the instrumental department under charge of J. Thomas Baldwin, 74 Washington Street, to whom all communications relating thereto should be addressed. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 273 It is suggested that the books which have been sent to Socie¬ ties should be the property of Societies rather than of members, and that the Librarians control the same both before and after the Festival. Several Societies have applied for the services of Mr. Carl Zer- rahn, and if a number of neighboring organizations can arrange to meet for a general rehearsal, we will endeavor to secure his attendance upon such an occasion. It is suggested that Societies might give one or more Concerts, previous to the Festival, to help in defraying the expense incident upon their visit to Boston and their stay. Messages are constantly being received fi’om various parts of the country, from Societies desiring to participate, but all such applications must be refused, as no more can possibly be provided for. The Superintendent of the Chorus wishes to convey the thanks of the Management to all the Societies connected with the Chorus for their prompt response to the appeal in Circu¬ lar No. 1, and for their zeal in organizing and preparing for the Festival ; and his only regret is that arrangements cannot be made for a much larger number than can be accommodated in the Coliseum. E. TOURjffE, Superintendent of Chorus. While the grand oratorio chorus were making every preparation for their part, nothing definite had yet been arranged for the great chorus of children which was announced to form so attractive a feature in , the exercises of the first day. Unfortunately some members of the School Committee were unwilling to further the interests of the Festival in any way, and it became a matter of serious doubt whether the chil¬ dren would be permitted to assist at all. Strange to say, while this feeling governed the action of influen¬ tial parties in the Boston School Board, committees of neighboring cities and towns were offering their chil¬ dren to take part. At length the Executive Commit¬ tee, feeling that the matter must be decided one way or the other, passed the following vote: —- 18 274 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Voted, That the Secretary be instructed to draw up a commu¬ nication to His Honor the Mayor as Chairman of the School Board, inviting the children of the public schools to assist in the vocal exercises of the first day of the Peace Jubilee, and that said communication receive The signature of every member of the School Committee. Much ill-feeling still lurked in bosoms that ought to have been in sympathy with this movement from the beginning, but they had been outgeneralled at every point so far, and it remained to be seen whether such influence would show itself in the School Board when the question of permitting the children to take part in the Jubilee came up. On the evening of April 13, the regular monthly meeting of the School Committee, “The Chair read a communication from the Executive Commit¬ tee on the subject of the Jubilee to take place in this city in June next, in commemoration of the restoration of Peace throughout our land, asking that the children of the public schools may be permitted to take part in the vocal exercises of the programme for the first day.” — Record of School Committee, April 13, 1869. The projector, feeling the deepest interest in the action of the Board, was a lobby member during their meeting. He did not need an occasional visit from “ a friend at court” to inform him how matters stood, for he could not help hearing what was said, — and said loud and earnestly, of which much was anything hut encouraging. After an animated discussion the matter was referred to the Committee on Music for consideration, not with full powers, but with instruc¬ tions to report to the Board at the next monthly meet¬ ing, when final action would be taken. Nothing more could be done about the matter for a month, and of course the programme of the first day could not be finally arranged until this matter was decided. GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 275 But the chief centre of attraction at this time was the uprising Coliseum. The framework of the im¬ mense building — the largest ever erected in Amer¬ ica— loomed up like a huge skeleton, looking at a dis¬ tance like a denuded forest. Hundreds of busy hands were engaged in carrying out the grand design, and the scene was most suggestive and inspiring. Gangs of mechanics, stationed as it seemed whole blocks apart, were hammering away in the good cause, mak¬ ing the pleasantest music to ears that had long waited for the welcome sound. Arch after arch sprang aloft, till whole acres of space were spanned, and rib after rib was put in, and arm after arm stretched out, draw¬ ing together day after day into more complete form the mighty building that was assuming the proportions of another ark preparing for the great flood of music that was to sweep over the nation. The “ oldest inhabitant ” opened his eyes in wonder at the sight, and marvelled at the rapidity with which the work went on, verily believing the millennium was at hand. Others thought another Tower of Babel was going up, and went away to dream of the terrible din, the crashing of sounds, and the “ confusion of tongues ” that would soon roll their roaring waves far into the interior. Nervous people were preparing to move out of town to be well away from the uproar, and many proposed taking reserved seats during Jubilee week upon the Highlands, several miles away; but best of all was the following ingenuous remark of a good old lady writing from Liverpool, England: “We are all looking forward with the deepest interest to your grand Peace Festival, and on the 15th day of June, your first day, 1 shall open my windoivs, and who knows ivhat I may hear'.” Curiosity was on tiptoe; crowds flocked to the Coliseum daily with ever-increasing in- 276 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. terest. Verily, so great were the numbers of lookers- on it seemed at times as if half the people of Boston had left their employments to act as a general volun¬ teer advisory board, and the remarks made and spec¬ ulations indulged in as to the result of the grand experiment were often ludicrous in the extreme, and put at rest forever the question whether go-ahead, money-getting people are devoid the element of humor. Good-nature and good wishes prevailed, although woful predictions of utter failure were liberally thrown in by those who knew nothing of the matter; in fact, the minds of the whole community were considerably un¬ settled upon the “ chief topic of the day,” and it was difficult to get at what any one really believed; but still the work went on. It might reasonably be supposed that, after the many serious battles that had been fought and the several stages of fierce opposition through which the enterprise had passed to its present forward condition, that the enemy would gracefully yield the point; but such was not the case. The evil tongue of the evil-thinker was still busily at work; and one of the most dangerous and injurious of all rumors was now set afloat, that the building ivas unsafe! Scarcely had the floor-sills of the structure been laid, and its form outlined by the first few timbers, ere whisperings of weakness in the construction passed from lip to lip and from ear to ear. This impression continued to gain ground as the work progressed, until it became a public question, and many influential pa¬ pers throughout the country increased the fears of the timid by sounding a solemn note of warning to all . who proposed participating in the Festival. It was a time of great anxiety to all concerned, especially to the half-dozen gentlemen of the Executive Committee GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 277 who were bearing the financial burden of the whole enterprise. The builders, contractors, architects, and building committee were all gentlemen of great experience, and fully appreciated the responsibility of their task. They knew that the safety and* security of Fifty Thou¬ sand lives were in their hands, and they took every precaution to guard against accident by making the structure strong and solid enough to bear ten times the weight and pressure to which it would ever be subjected. There never was a doubt in their minds as to the strength of the work under their supervision, and there was not the slightest cause for the stories in circulation concerning it. From morning till night, for weeks and months, the Building Committee, one or all, were almost constantly on the ground, watching every inch of progress made. Fully satisfied that everything possible was being done which the knowledge and experience of the builders and their own foresight could suggest to make the structure safe beyond a doubt, they turned a deaf ear to the malicious rumors that would have swept away all confidence, and left them the sole occupants of their marvellous structure. While the timid were being excited by these rumors, even the very winds of heaven, it would seem, came to prove their falsity. Two or three very heavy gales occurred at different stages of the work, and although at times it was a matter of serious doubt whether the building could stand such severe tests in its half- finished condition, yet not a rib was broken nor a joint displaced, to feed the appetites of those who from first to last predicted failure and destruction. “When our work is done,” said the Building Com¬ mittee, “those who are capable of judging may inves- 278 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. tigate the result of our labors and publish their opin¬ ions ; until then we shall give no heed to the unfriend¬ ly reports that now seem to give so much uneasiness to the community.” Thus it was that those brave men went on without doubt or fear, in the face of chilling and discouraging predictions, fulfilling the great task which they had undertaken. While all this excitement was going on, and the naked walls of the Coliseum were rapidly uprising, the Committee on Decorations were not inactive. They had consulted with several artists, who presented vari¬ ous plans and sketches for the adornment of the interior of the building. That each State in the Union should have its niche, its alcove, its grand arch in the “ Temple of Peace,” decorated with its loyal mottoes, emblems, coat of arms, and other appropriate insignia, was one of the very first suggestions that sprang from this conception. That the Hymn of the Angels, the Universal Chris¬ tian motto, Gloria tit tmlm geo, tt tit terra par Ijonttittbus boitae bolmttatis, should shine above all, as in letters of golden light, was ever uppermost in the mind that now so happily saw his inspiring vision taking form and shape. The committee held many meetings; they were gentlemen of exquisite taste, who appreciated the magnificent opportunity for gladdening the eye by a harmonious blending of the emblems of peace, music, and nationality; and with enlarged views and artistic comprehension they culled from the various designs submitted a combination which promised to present a scene of beauty that would awaken the enthusiasm of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 279 every connoisseur of art, and fall upon the gaze of all with enchanting effect. The devices furnished by the well-known artist, C. W. Roeth, were chiefly adopted, and under his super¬ vision hundreds of delicate fingers labored for many weeks in carrying out the views of the committee. The perfecting of the chorus, orchestra, organ, build¬ ing, decorations, all were now being pushed to com¬ pletion as rapidly as possible, and promised the most •gratifying results. The Committee on Advertising were also full of business, using their experience in that line to great advantage. Far and near the result of their labors was felt in the increasing interest of the public in the Jubilee. The valuable services of the well-known manager, Mr. Henry A. McGlenen, were also employed in the advertising department, and he found ample room for the practical development of many excellent ideas that helped to fan the flame of enthusiasm, which at this time spread like wildfire, till the whole country was in a blaze of excitement. Public expectation was at its height; on the street and in the home, in the counting-house and over the tea-table, “ Jubilee” was the current talk. Altogether the situation now called for nerve, energy, judgment, confidence, and generalship on the part of the man¬ agement. There must be no failures, no shortcomings, no disappointments. All promises must be fulfilled, and, if possible, the grand result surpass the highest anticipations. Up to this time evening entertainments in the Coliseum in connection with the Jubilee had not been taken into consideration by the committee; conse¬ quently a proposition to introduce gas-light (another 280 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. very expensive item) was at first opposed, but after¬ wards it was thought best to be prepared for all emer¬ gencies, and arrangements to illuminate the building Avere accordingly made. The contract for putting in the fixtures was given to Messrs. Bliss -and Perkins, the result of whose labors was in the highest degree satis¬ factory. Over twenty-five thousand feet of gas-pipe were put in, from which two thousand four hundred jets, arranged in the form of stars, crosses, triangles, and other appropriate figures, burst forth on several occasions with magical effect, shedding lustre upon scenes never equalled in brilliancy, and never to be forgotten by the thousands of happy participants. Water Avas even a greater necessity than light. To guard against fire, as also to provide for the thirsty million, was all-important; consequently an abundance of “ pure Cpchituate ” was introduced at several con¬ venient points within and around the Coliseum. The main hydrant Avas located in the very centre of the building, beneath a trap-door, which also enclosed a coil of hose attached and ready for instant use, should any occasion for it unfortunately arise. As an additional precaution, the city government sta¬ tioned Cataract Hose Company No. 10, horses, carriages, engine, and all, in one of the large anterooms of the building, where day and night for several Aveeks this company remained upon special duty, ready to subdue any outbreak of the fiery element that might occur. Furthermore, to increase the security of the structure, the American Consolidated Fire Extinguisher Com¬ pany presented the committee with the use of Fifty of their Portable Fire Extinguishers, which were placed in every nook and corner of the Coliseum, looking like so many faithful Avatch-dogs, ready to pounce upon any unruly tongue of flame that might dart forth upon the scene. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 281 Whatever might add to the safety, convenience, and comfort of the public was provided for by the wise forecast of the committee. It was now early in May, still the programme of the first day was not yet settled upon, owing to the delay of the School Board in rendering their decision regarding the school-children’s participating in the exercises. This retarded progress somewhat, and not only gave the management much uneasiness, but at length threatened danger to the whole enterprise; but the danger was averted just in time to save the Festi¬ val from the evil consequences. The question of the children taking part had been under advisement, and was to come before the School Board for final action at their monthly meeting. In common with the rest of the community, many of the Board had serious fears of the safety of the build¬ ing, and, to avoid the responsibility of any mishap, were determined to use their influence to keep the children at home. Happening accidentally to meet Mr. F. H. Under¬ wood, a member of the Board, Mr. Gilmore asked him what the prospects were of having the children take part, as announced, in the exercises of the first day. “I must tell you frankly,” said he, “that there are serious apprehensions in relation to the safety of the building in the minds of many members of the School Committee, and I doubt very much if they will permit the children to sing. You have no idea of the great anxiety that exists upon this point, and I am very much afraid that it will outweigh any influence that can be brought to counteract the bad impression.” This was a fearful warning, pregnant with untold disaster. It foreshadowed mischief which it might be 282 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. impossible to repair. What if the action of the Board should result in such a vote as this : — “ That, in consequence of the doubt which exists in the minds of the 'community concerning the safety of the Coliseum, the School Committee deem it unwise to permit the children to take part.” Never, never had the fate of the enterprise hung upon so slender a thread as at this moment. It seemed as if the School Committee alone now held its success in their hands, — many of whom, unfortunately, had no sympathy whatever with the movement. Their withholding of the children, upon the ground of the insecurity of the building, would destroy public confi¬ dence, and damage the prospects of the Festival beyond the possibility of reparation. Such a calam¬ ity must be averted at any cost, and all doubt and prejudice removed from the minds of the committee. They of course felt their responsibility to the parents who had placed them in charge of their children, and would not make any move that might involve them in danger. If evil should result, they would be held re- sponsible. To doubt when danger threatens cannot be helped, — the wisest and the best have their fears; but to take for granted evil and unfounded reports, without making any effort to investigate and determine for one’s self, is not an evidence of wisdom. “ They say so,” is a great bugbear that frightens many honest and well-meaning people ; and this was the only “ weak¬ ness ” in any way connected with the Coliseum which occasioned alarm. Something must be done, and that immediately, to disabuse the public mind of the terrible fear that pos¬ sesses it regarding the building; something must be done to secure the favorable action of the School GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 283 Committee. “ What ? ” was the question. Such a vote as has been intimated would create a general panic in the community, and no effort to calm the fears excited by it would be of any avail. What was to be done ? How could the danger be averted ? “Eureka! I have it!” exclaimed the projector, as an exultant thought flashed through his mind fore¬ shadowing a way out of the pending danger, and affording the greatest mental relief. “ The Last Day, the last day, for the chorus of children, not the first'’ This thought came like an inspiration, calming every fear. The question of safety could not then be brought up in the committee to cause unfavorable action, as the test of four days would be sufficient to satisfy even the most timid parent of the security of the building. The projector hastened to make known to the Exec¬ utive Committee his interview with Mr. Underwood, the danger presaged by the probable action of the School Board, and the only possible way to avoid so great a disaster. The result was, that a sub-committee, consisting of Hon. A. H. Rice and Mr. George H. Davis, were appointed to wait upon Dr. Upham, Chair¬ man of the Committee on Music in the public schools, and inform him that the Executive Committee would prefer to have the children take part in the exercises of the last day instead of the first , as previously under¬ stood. Dr. Upham received his visitors with great cordiality, and expressed his willingness to meet their wishes, so far as the matter lay with him. The transfer of the children from the first to the last day was a fortunate thought; it removed one very grave reason why they should not take part; and doubtless had its due weight with the Music Commit¬ tee in making the following report to the Board at the monthly meeting of May 11: — 284 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. The Committee on Music, to whom was referred the communi¬ cation from the Executive Committee of the National Peace Jubi¬ lee Association, asking that the children of the Public Schools may be allowed to take part in the performances at the Coliseum during the Festival week, in June next, respectfully report, considering the question in all its bearings : — That, in their opinion, it is practicable for the Schools to give a choral performance during that week, and in the building spe¬ cified, under the following conditions and restrictions, viz. : — 1st. That the number be limited to the pupils of the High, and the First and Second classes of the Grammar Schools. 2d. That the selection of the programme and of the conduc¬ tor of such musical exercises of the Schools be left with the standing committee on Music, acting under the general direction and authority of this Board. 3d. That, on the day set apart for such performance, the pu¬ pils of the Boston schools shall form a separate and distinct choir by themselves. And, lastly, That such performance be not allowed to take place on the first day of the Festival. Respectfully submitted for the Committee on Music. J. BAXTER UPHAM, Chairman. The report of the Music Committee was approved by the Board, and Dr. Upham, and the other gentle¬ men co-operating with him, did all in their power from that time forward to make the children’s day the great day of the Festival. When all things were moving on harmoniously and majestically towards the festal day, the Boston chorus were thrown into a great flutter by the announcement of Mr. Tourjee that every member would have to un¬ dergo an examination, and all whose voices and ability to read music were not up to the standard would be excluded from the chorus. This was a fearful ordeal for some of the young ladies. They were in a terrible state of suspense while looking forward to the day, the hour, the mo¬ ment of their trial. They justly felt that they could sing well enough in a crowd, and keep in time and GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 285 tune with those around them ; but to be obliged to sing alone in the presence of critical judges, who might place before them music they had never seen before, was indeed fearful to contemplate. They had been rehearsing for weeks and months with all their hearts, and were looking forward with such joyful anti¬ cipations to the coming day, that to be put to such a severe test now, when all their trouble seemed over, was a cruel necessity. Thousands of hearts throbbed with painful emotion while this dark cloud hung over their hopes. The thought of the trying ordeal haunted them day and night. Fathers and mothers, sisters and brothers, cousins and friends, were all interested and anxious that their dear ones should pass a successful examina¬ tion, and keep their places in the chorus. Many a silent tear and anxious sigh were interwoven with their hopes and fears while filled with this oppressive thought. How often and how feelingly were the in¬ quiries made : “ Will the examination be very critical ? ” “ Why did n’t they do this when we first joined ? ” “ Who is going to try the voices ? ” “ If I bring a letter from my music-teacher, won’t that do ? ” “ Can’t my cousin and I be tried together ? ” “0 dear! is there no way to avoid this abominable ex¬ amination ? ” Hundreds of similar questions were asked day after day by members of the chorus; nor was all this pain¬ ful doubt and anxiety confined to the gentler sex. Brave boys who had stood before the cannon’s mouth, whose voices shouted in the hot charge that rode down the rebellion, now trembled lest when the musical Doctor examined them they should not be “mustered in” to sing the song of Peace. But the awful moment had to come ; there was no evading it; a regular “ sift- 286 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ing out” was necessary that the “ chaff” might be cast aside. In the first call for the chorus in Boston the doors of admission were flung open so wide that many who had neither voice nor musical culture came forward, paid their admission fee, and felt quite secure while playing the part of dummies at the rehearsals. But the finger of Apollo and the eye of St. Cecilia were upon them. Neither heathen god nor Christian saint would allow any such imposition upon art; and when the day of trial came, they were not among.the inno¬ cent and true who, with sigh and tear and sweet song trembling upon their lips, appeared before the tribu¬ nal. They came not, but in silence departed, and no one asked whither they had gone or whether they would return. The examination by Mr. Tourjee of the Boston chorus alone occupied over two weeks. From morn¬ ing till night, during that time, the anxious choristers filed in and out of the Jubilee rooms at the Music Hall, each awaiting in turn the dreaded trial, and all anxious to receive that precious boon, — a ticket bear¬ ing the final stamp of qualified membership to the chorus. To expedite the examination, four at a time — so¬ prano, alto, tenor, and bass — were brought into the judge’s presence, who, sitting at a pianoforte, turned to any page of the Jubilee Chorus Book that hap¬ pened to come first, and, striking the key of the piece before him, encouraged the examinees to sing out without fear. A moment told if the quartette were all equal to the task, and if so they were accepted, passed on, and the “next four” were called. Every allowance was made for nervousness, and in many cases the over-timid, whose feelings had been GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 287 wrought up to a most painful degree of excitement in anticipation of this fearful moment, finding them¬ selves under the kind and patient encouragement of Mr. Tourjee, recovered their ease and equanimity after one or two attempts, and bore off the coveted prize with feelings of proud exultation. These little triumphs shed sunshine and happiness around many a family board, where for days and weeks this cruel test- question had been the general topic, and the cause of much trouble and anxiety to all. The sudden transi¬ tion from a state of painful suspense to a feeling of joy and pleasure was exemplified in the highest degree during this examination. Many who entered the judge’s room with pale and sombre faces, with beating hearts and heaving bosoms, came out with the flush of victory lighting up their countenances as they marched triumphantly through the terrified ranks of the “untried.” And how pain¬ fully interesting, too, the many questions that were asked of those who came out smiling and holding up to view the precious “ reward of merit.” “ Do tell us, was it dreadful hard ? ” “ What did you have to sing ? “ How many pieces did you try ? ” “ Did you fail at all ? ” “ What did he say when you broke down ? ” “How did you feel?” “Were you very much fright¬ ened ?” “I do hope he ’ll ask me to sing 1 Thanks be to God,’ or ‘He watching over Israel.’” “I can sing my part to every piece in the book; but, 0 dear me ! there, I’m afraid when I go into that horrid room I won’t be able to sing at all; it makes me sick to think of it; I’m almost sure I ’ll faint! ” And such scenes as these for two long weeks were witnessed at the Music Hall during this never-to-be-forgotten examina¬ tion. The result was that the real dummies kept out of 288 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the way, and only those appeared who had reason to believe they were qualified. Some who fell short of the requirement were placed upon probation, with the promise of admission at a later day if time and study brought them up to the standard. But on the whole the ladies and gentlemen of the Boston chorus gave evidence of possessing, in many cases, splendid voices, and showed great familiarity with the choruses; they practically demonstrated that, through their own ear¬ nest study and the careful instruction of Mr. Carl Zerrahn, they were fully capable of doing justice to the music selected for the Peace Jubilee. Another question of musical importance which inter¬ ested many was this : Would any solo singer be able to produce an effect in such an immense building as the Coliseum ? Musical people generally believed that it woidd be impossible for any single human voice to be heard to advantage in so vast an enclosure. But there was one lady who had no doubts or fears about it, — one who from the beginning had felt the deepest interest in the success of the Festival; and when it was announced that the peerless queen of song, the idol of the American people, Madame Parepa-Rosa, was willing to try the experiment, many shook their heads and said that even her incomparable voice would be lost in so great a space; that indeed it was beyond the capability or the possibility of any one voice to make itself heard by fifty thousand people in an area solely intended and adapted for the volume of sound which thousands and tens of thousands of voices and instruments would produce. Nevertheless, Madame Rosa accepted the invitation of the committee, and her marvellous triumphs during the Festival surprised and electrified all, and added immensely to the eclat and success of the occasion. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 289 The following is the invitation: — Boston, May 10, 1869. Dear Madame, — At a meeting of the Executive Committee, holden on Saturday evening last, it was unanimously voted “ That the services of the great lyric artiste, Madame Parepa- Rosa, will he an invaluable acquisition to the Grand Army of Harmony which will celebrate the restoration of Peace through¬ out America, in June.” The committee are fully aware of the price which you very justly place upon such services. They are also sensible of the fact that no other solo singer possesses an organ of sufficient strength and compass to be heard in our Coliseum. Yet, to some extent, they throw themselves upon your well-known liberality, and beg to invite you to unite in our celebration, in the hope that the sentiment, the occasion, and the circumstance of being able to sing in the largest Music Hall ever erected in this or any country, will induce you to make a generous concession from your usual terms. Awaiting your response, I am, dear Madame, with much esteem, Your obedient servant, HENRY G. PARKER, Secretary. Madame Parepa-Rosa. To which she promptly replied : — Tremont House, Boston, May 11, 1869. Dear Sir, — It is with the sense of the greatest pleasure and gratification I receive your most flattering letter. I never felt any higher compliment than to be asked to add my co-opera¬ tion to so great and worthy an object. I accept with the great¬ est pleasure the invitation to sing at the Peace Festival, and, if good-vrill can be of avail in being heard in so great a building , 1 shall certainly do my best to lift up my voice and sing to my utmost power, and try at any rate to achieve the feat! As to terms I leave them entirely to the committee, as no feeling ex¬ cept the pleasure of joining so great an undertaking can actu¬ ate any artist. I beg of you, sir, to make my determination known to the committee, and to excuse this poor reply (in words though not in feeling') to so great a compliment ex¬ tended to me. Wishing you the success you all deserve for so 19 290 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. gigantic an undertaking, and which the American people will certainly appreciate and countenance by their presence from all sides of the continent, I remain, Respectfully yours, EUPIIROSYNE PAREPA-ROSA. Henry G. Parker, Esq. The cause, character, and associations of this Festi¬ val, — the first great gathering, since the close oP the war, commemorative of the return of peace and broth¬ erly love all over the land, — this auspicious occasion not only gave opportunity, but imperatively called for some special and appropriate expression in immortal verse of the joy with which all the children of the na¬ tion hailed the new era of union and harmony, and the glorious future foreshadowed under the dear old flag. Such a National Song as was demanded the great Fes¬ tival would bring out with the most fitting accompani¬ ments of voices and instruments, and herald on the , wings of Music to every corner of the land, and waft across the seas to every home and hamlet where Free¬ dom finds a voice or needs an advocate. Who shall write this Song of Peace ? What pen can portray the exultation of a people freed from a dark and devastat¬ ing war ? what soul feel the inspiration of this glorious hour, and pour out in “ thoughts that breathe and words that burn” the joy and gratitude of the nation to Almighty God ? Longfellow ! Longfellow ! thou favored son of song, loved of the muses and admired by the world, thou canst thrill the great heart of the people with strains of tender sympathy and words of lofty cheer, and swell the grand anthem of praise that shall soon resound from the “ Temple of Peace ” to the uttermost isles of the sea. A golden link in the chain of im¬ mortal bards, uniting the present to the past, the New to the Old World, thy genius Hashes its electric soul- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 291 fire through all languages and literatures, and thy great words of love and wisdom will go sounding on through all the ages. Thine is the golden pen for this great occasion, thine the magic wand to charm all hearts into unity. But in this hour of our exultation, when the nation is call¬ ing for a Hymn of Peace that shall melt all hearts into one, and echo through the “ corridors of time ” with the steady tramp of genius, thou art far, far away across the deep, inhaling, perhaps, the sweet air of Parnassus; gathering fresh vigor and inspiration which may aid thee to speak still sweeter words than ever yet were spoken,-—words that shall lift up the hearts of the lowly, and strengthen the love of all for the good, the pure, the beautiful, the holy, — for all things elevating and ennobling that would make God’s earth a paradise, — a golden gateway to the blessed land of everlasting peace. Yes, our illustrious bard, Longfellow, is beyond the sea, shrinking like a timid bird from the homage the high and the humble alike of every nation would gladly bestow upon him; and while his progress is chronicled at every step like that of a conqueror of hearts, — while the eyes of the mother-land and the father-land are fixed upon him with loving admiration, the question arises, Who in his absence shall write the Hymn of Peace ? To whom shall the golden oppor¬ tunity for immortality be given ? With unhesitating finger the muse pointed to another of her favored sons, one of the most brilliant of scholars, keenest of wits, and popular of poets, Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes ; so to him the writer bent his steps, on the happiest errand of the Jubilee. When ushered into his pres¬ ence the Doctor eyed his visitor with inquiring curi¬ osity, and in very friendly and flattering terms said 290 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. gigantic an undertaking, and which the American people will certainly appreciate and countenance by their presence from all sides of the continent, I remain, Respectfully yours, EUPHROSYNE PAREPA-ROSA. Henry G. Parker, Esq. The cause, character, and associations of this Festi¬ val, — the first great gathering, since the close ofi the war, commemorative of the return of peace and broth¬ erly love all over the land, — this auspicious occasion not only gave opportunity, but imperatively called for some special and appropriate expression in immortal verse of the joy with which all the children of the na¬ tion hailed the new era of union and harmony, and the glorious future foreshadowed under the dear old flag. Such a National Song as was demanded the great Fes¬ tival would bring out with the most fitting accompani¬ ments of voices and instruments, and herald on the wings of Music to every corner of the land, and waft across the seas to every home and hamlet where Free¬ dom finds a voice or needs an advocate. Who shall write this Song of Peace ? What pen can portray the exultation of a people freed from a dark and devastat¬ ing war ? what soul feel the inspiration of this glorious hour, and pour out in u thoughts that breathe and words that burn” the joy and gratitude of the nation to Almighty God ? Longfellow ! Longfellow ! thou favored son of song, loved of the muses and admired by the world, thou canst thrill the great heart of the people with strains of tender sympathy and words of lofty cheer, and swell the grand anthem of praise that shall soon resound from the “ Temple of Peace ” to the uttermost isles of the sea. A golden link in the chain of im¬ mortal bards, uniting the present to the past, the New to the Old World, thy genius flashes its electric soul- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 291 fire through all languages and literatures, and thy great words of love and wisdom will go sounding on through all the ages. Thine is the golden pen for this great occasion, thine the magic wand to charm all hearts into unity. But in this hour of our exultation, when the nation is call¬ ing for a Hymn of Peace that shall melt all hearts into one, and echo through the “ corridors of time ” with the steady tramp of genius, thou art far, far away across the deep, inhaling, perhaps, the sweet air of Parnassus; gathering fresh vigor and inspiration which may aid thee to speak still sweeter words than ever yet were spoken, — words that shall lift up the hearts of the lowly, and strengthen the love of all for the good, the pure, the beautiful, the holy, — for all things elevating and ennobling that would make God’s earth a paradise, — a golden gateway to the blessed land of everlasting peace. Yes, our illustrious bard, Longfellow, is beyond the sea, shrinking like a timid bird from the homage the high and the humble alike of every nation would gladly bestow upon him; and while his progress is chronicled at every step like that of a conqueror of hearts, — while the eyes of the mother-land and the father-land are fixed upon him with loving admiration, the question arises, Who in his absence shall write the Hymn of Peace ? To whom shall the golden oppor¬ tunity for immortality be given ? With unhesitating finger the muse pointed to another of her favored sons, one of the most brilliant of scholars, keenest of wits, and popular of poets, Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes ; so to him the writer bent his steps, on the happiest errand of the Jubilee. When ushered into his pres¬ ence the Doctor eyed his visitor with inquiring curi¬ osity, and in very friendly and flattering terms said 292 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. “ he wanted to have a good look at the man who originated the idea of a National Musical Jubilee, and was the cause of so agreeable an excitement through¬ out the country.” Such a familiar reception as this made Mr. Gilmore feel that he was in the atmosphere of kindness, and after a few minutes’ conversation the Doctor, with good-nature lighting up every lineament of his countenance, pointed to a mantel-piece upon which were several miniature models in card-board of ancient and modern buildings more or less celebrated. “ Look there,” said he; “ I 'have taken a very deep interest in the work which* you have originated, and am delighted to see all things progressing so favorably. These little models represent, in their respective sizes, some of the greatest architectural piles of the past and the present. There, for instance, is the largest of the Egyptian Pyramids; it was built by King Cheops, and is said to have taken a hundred thousand men for twenty years to complete it; here is the wonderful Temple of Olympian Zeus; and this is the famous Par¬ thenon of Athens; but there, there is the most noted of all, the old Roman Coliseum. Of modern works, this represents the Crystal Palace, in which the World’s Fair took place in London, and that the Palais de l’ln- dustrie at Paris; but now we come to the one most interesting to you, your own Coliseum, and you can see how favorably it compares in size with the other marvellous structures, — smaller than some, yet larger than others. To be sure it is built of wood, but we are a young country, and if we can put up such an immense temporary structure in a few months, who knows what we may do in the course of time ? ” This charming little “ exhibition ” on the part of the distinguished scholar and poet touched a tender chord, and Mr. Gilmore felt under the greatest obligations to GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 293 one who manifested so deep an interest in his cause. It easily and naturally paved the way for introducing and explaining the object of his visit. “ Well,” said the Doctor, “ I have made an occasional pilgrimage to your rising Coliseum, and have gratified my curiosity to some extent by ‘ manufacturing ’ these little paper models, to see how the ‘Boston notion’ would look among the architectural wonders of the world; but to write a ‘ Hymn of Peace,’ that is quite another thing; my time is very much occupied just at present, and I could not undertake to accomplish any¬ thing more than I have now laid out for some time to come.” “We must have an original hymn, Doctor,” impor¬ tuned Mr. Gilmore, “ appropriate to the occasion. What is to be done ? ” “Why,” replied the Doctor, “you know there are many eminent writers and poets, who would do am¬ ple justice to the theme, and who, I am sure, would be happy to write such a hymn as you require. Mr. Longfellow, we know, is in Europe, —he cannot be reached; but there is Mr. Bryant, Mr. Whittier, Mr. Lowell, —- either of these gentlemen would no doubt willingly comply with your desire ; or, if you wish to give a general invitation through the papers to all writers, I ’ll warrant you will have a variety of hymns to select from within a week.” “Well, Doctor,” replied Mr. Gilmore, “you have kindly pointed out many ways to accomplish my ob¬ ject; but at present I can think of only one, and that is that Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes shall ivrite the Hymn of Peace , to be sung by ten thousand voices, with the accompaniment of a thousand instruments, in the hear¬ ing of fifty thousand people, on the first day of the great National Jubilee.” 296 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Voted, That the Executive Committee have read with unfeigned pleasure and gratification the inspiring, appropriate, and beauti¬ ful Hymn which Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes has so kindly and promptly composed for the Jubilee, and that we tender to him our grateful and sincere thanks. What a wide difference there is between the inspired words of genius and learning and the trashy produc¬ tions of a poetical quack. A Hymn of Peace written by one of the latter class would have had the American eagle screaming in your ears and the Red, White, and Bine flaunting before your eyes in every line. The North and South, the East and West, would have been united for ever and ever in eternal bonds of love and friendship with a few words of vengeance upon the “traitor hand” that should ever be raised again to bring about a “ national divorce.” That is all very well when occasion calls for it; there is nothing like plain language to rouse the soldier, the sailor, or the multitude to action ; but the soft and tender chord of Peace should not be struck harshly; words of sweet simplicity, — words that touch the finer sensibilities and flood the soul with sunshine should “ sweep the sounding lyre ” in an invocation to Peace. Such is the hymn by Dr. Holmes! In that no eagle screams or flag flaunts obtrusively, but yet it breathes the pure “ national air,” and is “ Sweet with the odors of myrtle and pine, Breeze of the prairie and breath of the sea.” In these beautiful lines all sections of our loved land are intertwined in a graphic picture, instead of the North and South, East and West, being strung together in the usual humdrum manner. But enough: the Hymn of Peace by Dr. Holmes has already been translated into every known tongue, and sung in every GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 297 Christian country upon the face of the globe, which is the very best proof of its merits and popularity. The Music Committee held its first meeting on Thurs¬ day evening, May 13, at the St. James Hotel. So much had already been done which properly belonged to their department that these gentlemen, in the spirit of good-nature, were inclined to look upon themselves rather in the light of an ornamental than an active and useful body. True it is that, from the first announcement of the Festival, Mr. Zerrahn, Mr. Tourjee, and the writer had held frequent, in fact daily consultations, and had blocked out the general programme, making such alterations and additions as suggested themselves from time to time. Still there remained much to be done. The gentlemen composing the Music Committee were selected and their names handed in by the projector at the organization of the Jubilee Association as emi¬ nently fitted musically and socially for the important part they were to superintend. They combined pro¬ fessional and business ability, devotion to the true in¬ terests of art, great experience and good judgment, and made the most liberal use of all these qualities for the advancement of the Festival. The chairman, Mr. F. H. Underwood, a gentleman of superior qualifica¬ tions and refined taste in matters of art, very soon mapped out the duties of the committee, and set all branches of the musical department in working order. The progress, condition, and requirements of that department were explained to the committee by those who had so far shaped its course, who stated “that anything which had been done hitherto which failed to meet their approval might now be changed.” The duties to which the committee gave attention may be summed up as follows : — 298 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. 1. Keview of the programme laid out for the Festival, and its preparation for publication. 2. Condition of the choral organization, its numbers and the number upon each part. 3 Condition of the orchestra, the number already engaged, and the classification of the instruments. 4. The examination of new compositions, written for the Fes¬ tival. 5. What soloists and leading vocalists, in addition to those already engaged, should be invited to take part. 6. The general comfort of visiting societies and musicians. 7. The best hours for rehearsals and concerts during the Fes¬ tival. 8. The reception of societies and seating of the chorus in the Coliseum. 9. The preparation and printing of the house programmes. 10. Th.e division of the committee into sub-committees to carry out minor details. These were the general features which occupied the attention of the committee during; several meetings; and from the first moment of their coming together up to the close of the Festival, it is safe to say that there were fewer suspensions, dissonances, and discords than would have occurred in the meetings of a village choir. All were united and pulled together in har¬ mony, devoting their time, energies, and abilities freely to the glorious cause. At a meeting of the Executive Committee, held on .Saturday evening, March 15, the question came up, “ What clergyman shall be invited to open the exer¬ cises with prayer, and ask God’s blessing upon the undertaking?” The Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, who has spoken so many great, good, and wise words for the million, was mentioned as one who, from his emi¬ nence in the pulpit and popularity as a clergyman, all would wish to have perform that sacred service ; but then he was located in the beautiful city of Brook¬ lyn, two hundred miles away, and it might not be GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 299 convenient for him to be present at the time. Other noted clergymen were named, among them Rev. Messrs. Webb, Murray, Hale, Neale, Lothrop, and Cud worth ; finally it was Voted, That Kev. Edward Everett Hale be invited to offer up prayer upon the occasion of the formal opening of the Coliseum. Mr. Jordan and Mr. Wrisley were delegated to pre¬ sent the invitation of the committee to Mr. Hale imme¬ diately, and solicit his acceptance. These gentlemen soon returned and reported that u the distinguished divine cheerfully acceded to the wishes of the com¬ mittee, and felt the deepest interest in the success of the Jubilee.” The duty of extending a welcome to all visitors, — which in the order of exercises was to follow the open¬ ing prayer, — naturally devolved upon the worthy Mayor of the city, Dr. Nathaniel B. Shurtlelf; and the address upon the “ Restoration of Peace through¬ out the Land” was imposed upon the able and elo¬ quent President of the Jubilee Association, Hon. Alexander H. Rice. Now that the Hymn of Peace was written, the min¬ ister and the orators of the Jubilee chosen, the chorus in full rehearsal, the orchestra all engaged, the building rapidly approaching completion, the decorations almost ready, all the committees working in harmony, and the whole great work assuming shape and receiving the finishing touches upon all sides, there were yet a few “ illegitimate ” musical features, “ sensational clap-trap notions,” as they might be called, which had to be looked after and made ready for the coming day. Cannons, bells, and anvils were to perform an impor¬ tant part, and it was necessary that they should be made to chime in harmoniously, as otherwise such 300 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ponderous elements of sound might make a very dis¬ agreeable disturbance. One of the selections of a pop¬ ular character was Verdi’s “striking” composition, the Anvil Chorus, from 11 Trovatore. It was to be brought out by the grand chorus, with organ, orchestra, mili¬ tary band, drum-corps, cannon, bell, and anvil accom¬ paniment. The announcement of the pieces, with “ grand per¬ cussion effects,” although exciting great public inter¬ est and curiosity, — the very point aimed at, — called forth the abuse and ridicule of high-art critics, who made the very most of these “ stunning ” features to decry the Festival. The following extract from the Philadelphia Bulletin will serve to show the impression which many good people had of the disastrous effect that would be produced by the elements to be united in such pieces as the Anvil Chorus: — “ Without a doubt the Festival will be a failure as far as music is concerned. One of the pieces on the programme, for in¬ stance,— the Anvil Chorus, is — to be performed by a chorus of twenty thousand persons, an orchestra of one thousand, with one hundred anvils, hammered by members of the fire department, with several drum-corps, with cannon fired by electricity, mus¬ ketry exploded by musical volunteers, and all the bells of the city chiming in exact time. This will be a big noise ; there will be no concord in it. It will make a clatter loud enough to wake the echoes in the White Mountains. • The bells, being at various dis¬ tances, will send in their vibrations one after the other, two, three, and four beats behind time ; the cannon will hang fire, and come in upon the down stroke instead of the up stroke of the conductor’s baton; and the bold musketeers, with the well-known irregularity of amateur soldiers, will rattle a volley through a whole bar instead of making it a single note. The possible result will be the distraction, perhaps the absolute lunacy, of every sen¬ sitive musical man in Boston. The fact is, the Hub people are going to overdo the thing. They had better be satisfied with the big organ, and abandon this project for a quiet little concert in the Music Ilall. This advice seems heartless now, perhaps, but GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 301 after the first rehearsal it will probably be welcomed by some of the less infatuated people. If there is more than one rehearsal, there will not be an uninjured tympanum in Boston, and then the big concert will be a failure anyhow.” The above is a fair specimen of many articles upon the same subject; but after the performance the writ¬ ers had another story to tell, and gracefully and enthu¬ siastically did they rectify their misconceptions and misrepresentations after “ they came, and heard, and saw.” Still this was the impression that generally pre¬ vailed prior to the Festival. The critics little knew how beautiful would be the picture, or how magnifi¬ cent some of the effects, which they were constantly decrying. Preparations and rehearsals were going on to bring out the “ novel musical features,” with all their noisy adjuncts, with automatic uniformity and electric pre¬ cision. At the solicitation of Mr. Gilmore, Chief Engineer John S. Damrell detailed one hundred members of the Fire Department to “play” upon the anvils; and the jolly firemen were put through a severe course of train¬ ing upon the science of “ striking from the shoulder.” Through the kindness of Messrs. Chickering and Sons, their fine Hall (which had already been placed at the disposal of the committee for the accommodation of visiting musical societies) was given up for the re¬ hearsals of the “ anvil brigade,” and Mr. Harwood, their accomplished chief salesman, kindly volunteered to act as pianist at these rehearsals. There were no anvils or hammers used upon these occasions; only “ signs and motions ” were gone through, and no sounds were heard except the music of the Chickering grand, which fell inspiringly upon the ear of the “ evolutionary ” hundred, who drank in again and again the familiar 302 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. selection from II Trovatore, until almost every man was able to sing it through from beginning to end. The marching on to the stage down to the footlights, in two ranks, fifty feet apart, at the “ shoulder ham¬ mers,” the “inward face,” the “order hammers” with one united clang upon the anvils, the “ stand at ease,” the “attention,” the beginning of the music, — the cues just where to “shoulder” with military precision, the place to strike, the number of dings on the right and dongs on the left, — in fact, every move that the red- shirted hundred should make, and make as one man, from the time they marched in until they marched out, were all gone through with over and over until the boys had “Anvil Chorus on the brain,” and knew their business thoroughly, — knew it so thoroughly that even those who objected to such things from a musical stand¬ point could not help acknowledging how much and how agreeably they were disappointed in the effect produced and in the addition which such features were to the general beauty of the tout ensemble. It required rehearsal after rehearsal, and great patience on the part of both “players” and conductor to bring this feature down to the nicest point; but when the pro¬ jector first decided on the Anvil Chorus as one of the popular pieces, the hundred firemen in red blazed up before him in imagination, and lie knew at once that it would prove a decided hit, — the most “striking” performance of the entire Festival. Not only this, but he knew its announcement would make every fireman in the country, however little he might care for a Beethoven Symphony, feel a personal interest, — a kind of curiosity to see his chums “ playing,’ and making the “ sparks fly ” in a way never dreamed of in his philosophy ; so while the classical symphony would attract thousands who love pure art, the pop- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. ao3 ular Anvil Chorus would interest the great mass, and each and all would find something in the national musical feast to suit his taste and give him pleasure. The next thing to be brought into play were the bells of the city. An interview with Mr. J. H. Ken- nard, Superintendent of Fire Alarms, demonstrated the fact that electrical connections with the Coliseum could be made whereby all the high-toned, silver-tongued, sweet-voiced “bells of Boston” would chime in and make the welkin ring, as from the very steeples they tolled in pure and lofty voices that “ a new birth- song was filling the sky ”; that the nation was again and forever united in the bonds of Peace and Harmony. While thus the “bells, bells, bells” would perform their part in the great Jubilee, should not the power¬ ful auxiliary whose fiery throat spoke out in thunder- tones for a settlement of the national dispute, and through whose influence Peace was Grant-e d, — should not this successful arbiter have something to say at the feast given in honor of his glorious achievement? Yes; but that voice, the force of whose reasoning proved so irresistible, was no longer the bearer of despatches that would provoke angry responses. In the name of union, law, order, justice, — in the name of humanity, freedom, equal rights, unity for good, unity forever, — it went forth upon its errand for God and for country, and carried conviction to all who opposed the principles for which it contended. Now let it come forth, and with loud voice join the mighty chorus in proclaiming the Peace it has se¬ cured ; And while ten thousand voices sing, And organs peal and trumpets blow, And all the bells of Boston ring, Let cannons belch the bass below. 304 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. I There is nothing in the world that can give such majesty to the broad and massive choral, or add such grandeur to the stately and inspiring national air, when produced by an immense number of voices and instruments, as the deep-toned boom of the cannon, — particularly when by electric appliances it can be made to mark the measure with unfailing precision, lifting as it were the whole harmonious construction upon a grander base than it could possibly obtain through any other source. What, for instance, is the effect of the big drum used in every orchestra and band but that of a cannon upon a small scale ? The stage managers of theatres, when producing battle-pieces, always use bass-drums behind the scenes to represent cannon. Every one of the great composers have introduced the drum in their works, showing that they fully appreciated the decided importance of its substantial fundamental principles. If little mock cannon are thus used in music, with a small number of instruments and voices, why not give the great, loud-mouthed sixty-four pounder itself a chance to be heard, where all the other elements of sound are upon a scale which, if they do not absolutely demand, yet give a proper opportunity for, the intro¬ duction of this greatest drum of all,—a drum which has played its part with most decided effect, and sus¬ tained many a national air that, without its voice and support, would have been hushed into silence forever, while the music of those who knew best how to play upon this renowned and civilizing instrument would carry the world before it ? While appreciating the wonderful power of this con¬ trolling thunderer, and heartily wishing that it may never again be called into use in our own beloved land, except to mark time to the music of the Union, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 305 and take part in demonstrations of rejoicing, the Peace Jubilee, the great gathering of the national musical forces, gave opportunity for the introduction of ele¬ ments of sound which upon ordinary musical occa¬ sions would he altogether out of place. Therefore, to return to the legitimate instruments of the orchestra, and speak of the little imitation cannon, the bass-drum proper, — a bass-drum “ as was a bass-drum,” manufac¬ tured by Messrs. Noble and Cooley, Granville Corners, Massachusetts, was one of the curiosities which big as well as little folks gazed upon with astonishment. The heads of this huge instrument were made from the hides of “ prize ” cattle, and measured eight feet in diameter, while the shell was twenty-five feet in circumference. It was painted, ornamented, and put together in the most artistic style, and bore the appropriate and sig¬ nificant motto, “ Let us have Peace.” From the mo¬ ment this great-grandfather of bass-drums was taken from the manufactory and placed on board a platform- car for Boston, its advent was noisy and demonstrative. All along the line crowds gathered at various stations to see the “ elephant.” Its arrival in the city and ex¬ hibition at the store of Bent and Bush was the “ talk of the town” for many days, and there was scarcely a newspaper-man in the country who did not have a whang at it. Nor was this all. Upon one of the days when “Have you seen the great drum?” was the ruling question, a gentleman relates that he was pass¬ ing down Tremont Street, and seeing quite a crowd gathering on the sidewalk opposite the Tremont House, he was about inquiring the cause of the excitement when some one said, “ There, there! that’s him, that good-looking fellow on the top step.” “ Who ? Where ? What’s the matter with him ? Who is he ? ” asked a fresh arrival. “ Why, that’s the man that owned the 20 306 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. mammoth oxen that had their hides taken off to make heads for the Great Jubilee Drum.” Whether it was or no, or why he should have been an object of curiosity or admiration on that account no one knew, but the crowd dispersed with a roar in the best of humor, feeling that it was a pretty good “sell,” got up by some wag; but it was one of the signs of the times, and proved that Boston was at last “Peace Jubilee” all over. Jubilee, jubilee, jubilee, was the only thing talked of; and Boston was not alone in her loud and exultant anticipations. East, West, South, all eyes were turned to the “ Hub of the Universe,” and almost the entire press of the country were generously aiding Boston to blow its trumpet, that all creation might hear it. The prospect of a great influx of strangers to the city naturally filled the minds of railroad officials with expectations of having all their facilities for travel taxed to the utmost, without the need of offering any inducement in the way of reduced fares to those living in distant parts. The general cry throughout the country was for half-price tickets to the Festi¬ val. From New Orleans, St. Louis, Charleston, Rich¬ mond, Cincinnati, Chicago, Washington, Philadelphia, New York, — in fact, from all parts of the country loud inquiries came, asking if the railroad managers did not intend making some reduction in the fares. Although Americans are the most liberal people in the world, yet they are the most systematic and economical in all business transactions, and never make a move with¬ out counting the cost. Ask any one of them how much it will take to “do” Europe in shape, and if he cannot tell you instantly, he is very likely to pull out a memorandum giving you the expense of everything, from a boat on the Lakes of Killarney to the regular GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 307 rates of an Alpine guide. He always looks at the world through his mind’s eye, and can generally see far enough ahead to know just how far to go with¬ out getting swamped; and now, as usual, from the gold¬ mines of California to the forests of Maine, he was cal¬ culating “ how much it would cost him to visit the Hub, and ‘see’ the Peace Jubilee.” Very little encouragement was given by the con¬ trolling powers of the railroads up to this time, and it appeared as if even the members of the great musi¬ cal family, who were the sole attraction themselves, would have to pay full fare or stay at home. At length Mr. Gilmore made it his business to slip on to New York and see his noble friend, that King of Rail¬ roads, Prince of Steamboats, and Chief of Impressarios, Colonel James Fisk, Jr. In the presence of this re¬ markable man, — this model of American industry, enterprise, executive ability, discipline, — in fact, of every trait that makes him an Emperor in the world of Commerce, — in his presence the projector of the Peace Jubilee, metaphorically speaking, felt like a molehill beside a mountain. The great-hearted Colonel, however, pronounced the Peace Jubilee a magnificent idea, the greatest thing of the kind upon record, and heartily congratulated his visitor upon the conception, and the forward condition of the undertaking, and expressed undoubted confidence in its entire success. After Mr. Gilmore made known the object of his visit, — that of cheap transportation to and from Boston during the Festival, — Colonel Fisk touched his little telegraph communicator, the heads of departments appeared, and orders were given to issue excursion tickets as low as possible over all their lines, and do everything in their power to accommodate the pub¬ lic, favor Boston, and aid the enterprise. The result 308 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. of this step was a corresponding reduction of fares on almost every road, and a general hurrah for Colonel Fisk, who set the ball in motion. While all the business arrangements were being carefully carried out, the musical department was re¬ ceiving proper attention. The following was issued for the information of choral societies: — CHORUS CIRCULAR No. 3. Boston, May 13, 1869. It is indispensable that the complete lists called for in Circular No. 2 should be forwarded by the 20th inst. Each organization will choose a Marshal, who will report at this office on Monday, June 14th, when he will be notified of the arrangements made for entertaining his Society during the Festi¬ val, and receive tickets for the reserved seats which have been assigned them in the Coliseum. It will be his duty also to meet them upon their arrival in the city, and conduct them to their quarters. Several of the Societies, it is understood, are making provision for their own entertainment during the Festival. Secretaries will please notify us at as early a day as possible how many of their members desire that the Committee should arrange for them. (Give numbers of gentlemen and ladies.) The Oratorio Chorus will assemble on Tuesday, the 15th June (instead of Wednesday, 16th, as originally announced), and take part in the exercises of that day. There will be a rehearsal by all the Societies who are able to be present at that time, on Tuesday, the 15th June, at 9 a. m., in the Coliseum. Conductors will please observe in rehearsal the tempi of the choruses to be sung at the Festival, as marked in the book sent them for that purpose. In order that the Committee may know the exact number of or¬ ganizations to be united in the great Chorus of the Peace Festi¬ val, Secretaries will please say by return of mail how many Choirs, Clubs, or Musical Organizations are represented in their Societies. Directors will begin at once the examination of the singers in the Societies under their charge, in order to dispose of those who are of insufficient help in the Chorus. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 309 The additional music mentioned in last Circular will be sent next week. A copy of “ Boston Journal” of this date, containing many in¬ teresting particulars relative to the Festival and Coliseum, is this day mailed to all the Societies. Circular No. 4 will soon be issued, and will contain all further necessary information. E. TOURJEE, Superintendent of Chorus. First upon the list of distinguished guests to be in¬ vited to the Jubilee by the city stood the name of the honored head of the nation, President U. S. Grant. That the invitation to him should be tendered in such a manner as would be most complimentary to him and most creditable to Boston was the wish of all con¬ cerned. Therefore, to give it more official weight and influence a committee of the city government, consist¬ ing of Alderman White, Chairman of the Committee on Invitations, Alderman James, Chairman of the Board of Aldermen, and William G. Harris, President of the Common Council, with Mayor Shurtleff at their head, were appointed to proceed to Washington to extend the hospitalities of the city to His Excellency the President of the United States, and other high offi¬ cials at the Federal Capital. The following will show how they were received and what they accomplished : — From the Boston Post, Thursday, May 13. The Boston Officials in Washington. — A despatch from Wash¬ ington states that Mayor Shurtleff and the Sub-Committee on the Peace Musical Festival, Alderman White, Chairman of the Com¬ mittee on Invitations, Alderman James, Chairman of the Board of Aldermen, and William G. Harris, President of the Common Council, arrived in Washington Tuesday evening, and immedi¬ ately called upon Senator Sumner, where they met the Secretary of State, the Hon. Caleb Cushing, and the Spanish Minister. During the evening they called at the White House and were 310 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. cordially received by President Grant. Yesterday they called upon the Secretaries of State, of War, of the Navy, of the Inte¬ rior and Treasury Departments, the Postmaster-General, and Gen¬ eral Sherman, Vice-Admiral Porter, Attorney-General Hoar, Gen¬ eral Spinner, Chief Justice Chase, and the Mayor of the city, ac¬ companied by Judge Richardson, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, who extended numerous courtesies to the Committee. The delegation called in a body upon Senator Sumner, and met with a cordial reception. Before leaving they pressed Mr. Sum¬ ner to attend the Festival, which he assured them he would do. The President, the members of the Cabinet, and the other distin¬ guished gentlemen gave favorable consideration to the invitation, and will probably be present at the Jubilee. Apparently the party is having a pleasant trip to the National capital and else¬ where. From the Boston Daily Advertiser, Thursday, May 13. Mayor Shurti.eff’s Visit to Washington. — Mayor Shurtleff and his associates, who left Boston for Washington on Monday, to invite the President to attend the Peace Festival in June, called on General Grant on Tuesday evening and were cordially received. In reply to the invitation the President would not give a positive answer, but he stated that he should visit West Point in June to see his son, who is a cadet, and gave the committee ground on which to base hopes that he will be present at the Boston Fes¬ tival. The committee likewise extended an invitation to Chief Justice Chase, General Sherman, Admiral Porter, and Mayor Bowen of Washington. General Sherman said it would be impossible for him to attend, as he would be engaged at that time at West Point. The delegation called in a body upon Senator Sumner, who assured them that he would attend the Festival. They also called at the Treasury Department, and were shown through the building by Assistant Secretary Richardson. From the Boston Journal, Friday, May 14. Personal. — Mayor Shurtleff and the Special Committee of the City Government, who have been to Washington to invite Presi¬ dent Grant and other eminent persons to attend the National Peace Festival, after an absence of less than three days, returned yesterday afternoon. We understand that the delegation had flattering receptions in all quarters, and that the invitation of the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 311 city was most cordially received in every instance. Unless spe¬ cially urgent business interferes to prevent, the President, his Cabinet, and other distinguished officials and persons will avail themselves of the hospitalities of our good city in June next. Their welcome will be a genuine one. The following extracts from papers at home and abroad will show how matters looked at this stage of the Festival. A ray of welcome /Sim-shine, whether from the pen of the dauntless Dana himself, the genial Knox, or the critical Bowman, the writer knoweth not; but thanks, thanks to all; it is good, and comes in good time. From the New York Sun, May 13. The Boston Peace Festival. — When we all first heard of Mr. Gilmore’s Peace Festival, we all laughed. His cannon, his bells, his chorus of twenty thousand, his mammoth orchestra, seemed incredible ; his sixty anvils seemed ridiculous. Some shook their heads, and said he was crazy ; some winked knowingly, and sug¬ gested a colossal swindle ; some got angry about the matter and swore ; but the general public laughed. Now, however, the grin which spread from Maine to the Mis¬ sissippi is gradually fading away from the public countenance ; the knowing wink has died out, and is replaced by large round eyes of wonder. The heads have stopped their significant nods, and the entire thirty-seven States are looking anxiously towards "little Boston” to catch the echo from the stupendous musical event she is about to inaugurate. The fact is that the Jubilee is going to be a good thing. The immense building that is to hold the audience of fifty thousand is rapidly going up ; the vocal societies through the length and breadth of New England are hard at work at the grand choruses, drilling in squads of twenties, battalions of hundreds, and regi¬ ments of thousands ; the whole community has suddenly become vocal, and the mightiest chorus that ever was gathered together is soon to be heard among us. How will they sing ? Can there possibly be any unity or precision of time in such an immense mass? Will the effect be soul-inspiring or simply ear-splitting ? Will there be any real music about it, or will it be merely a great bewildering chaos of sound ? 312 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. These are the questions that are now asked, and which cannot be answered till the fifteenth day of June. We have our doubts about the cannon, our serious misgivings about the bells, and are nearly hopeless on the anvil question. But there is a might and majesty about the human voice when heard in great choral masses, more deeply moving than any other sound, more majes¬ tic than Niagara, more terrible than the roar of avalanches, more awe-inspiring than even the thunders of heaven. The effect is one impossible to be described, but all those who have once heard great choral forces of thousands bear witness to its mighty influ¬ ence. At what numerical point this effect reaches its maximum has never been satisfactorily decided. The Boston Festival will help to solve this question. The Prospero who, by the simple magic of his own energy, has conjured up this musical hurricane that is sweeping over New England, is Mr. Gilmore. He has borne bravely all the opposi¬ tion that his scheme met with, and by unceasing labor surmounted every difficulty. If he succeeds, as we heartily hope that he may, he will have made for himself an honorable and historic name in the musical records of his country. More encouragement from New York. Theodore Hagen takes a broad, liberal, and comprehensive view of the undertaking, and throws the weight of his influ¬ ence into the scale : — From the New York Weekly Review, May 15. The Peace Festival in Boston. — Mr. Gilmore, who projected the Musical Peace Festival, has shown himself to be thoroughly in earnest, and has manifested ability commensurate with his zeal. It was no light task to organize an enterprise so vast as this, to perfect its details, to awaken sympathy with its purpose, and to make it thoroughly practicable. When the Peace Festival was first announced it encountered the opposition of indifference or of amused toleration. Not a little ridicule was cast upon the idea. But the steady energy of the projector and his able coad¬ jutors has put a new face on the matter, and changed indiffer¬ ence into friendship and ridicule into sober adherence to a high project. From the bulletins so far published by Mr. Gilmore we learn that the preparations are nearly complete, — on a very great scale of magnificence, — for one of the finest displays of art- enthusiasm and patriotic feeling ever seen in this country. The GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 313 Festival is to begin on the 15th of June, and is to continue for five days. Boston will be overrun. The beautiful suburbs will be populous with strangers. Enterprise will fire up the press. Anniversary week will be eclipsed, and may hide its diminished head. The theatres will rejoice. The shopkeepers will have a harvest. The old sea-dogs of the Yacht Club will revel in excur¬ sions down the bay. For all sorts of music may be expected on this thoroughly national and really beautiful occasion. The ap¬ peal to American patriotism — to the memory of what was glo¬ rious in our war and to the sublime thought of what is noble and holy in our peace — cannot fail to make itself deeply felt, and to awaken a most hearty response from the popular heart. All the more will it be effectual because it is made in music. When the Prince of Peace descended to earth the angels sang in heaven. Now that the soft dews of Peace have fallen upon the grief- stricken heart of this nation,—lately so tossed and torn in the hideous nightmare of civil war, —it is fit that men should sing on earth. Some suitable expression to the feeling of national thanks¬ giving, — some expression above words, that should utter the grateful emotion of a .whole people, — seems to have been all along wanting. This Musical Festival, — projected in a national spirit, and meant for all, — aims to afford that expression. The idea commends itself to every reflective mind. Error in this is impossible. It is only as to details that the enterprise can go astray; and, as we have said, these appear, in the light of recent development of the project, to have been arranged with singular ability and skill. There is every reason to think that the Festival will be a great success. Assuredly we hope for such a result. The programme already mentioned tells us what we are to ex¬ pect.It is to be hoped that Mr. Gilmore’s design will be carried out to the letter. Its spirit claims our sympathy. May its success merit the approbation of all patriots and all lovers of the' divine art of music 1 A pen that has wrought nobly for art and artists, the pen of the talented Henry C. Watson of New York, was early enlisted in the cause of the Jubilee, and re¬ mained a faithful ally to the close : — From Watson’s Art Journal, May 15. Every great enterprise which contains the elements of novelty, which indicates a design diverging from the beaten track of pro¬ ceeding, is, almost without exception, looked upon by the public 314 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. at large with a restless suspicion, as though the originating of a new idea was a general, personal offence, and conceived only for the purpose of extracting money from the pockets of the too confiding people. The history of all the leading practical ideas which now rule the world tells the same story of the warrior Genius doing battle with the dragon, bigoted Prejudice ; of the ultimate triumph of Genius over its besotted opponent. It is the oft-repeated story of thought, with its divine rays, piercing the dim clouds of prejudice and ignorance. That it ultimately per¬ meates and illuminates is the divine assertion of mind over mat¬ ter, and it is that unfailing condition which feeds the flame upon the altar upon which the sacrifices of Intellect are laid. Musical Festivals are of ancient date, and it seems to be a nat¬ ural instinct that we should give to any great contentment the jubilant voice of song, than which nothing is more heartily spon¬ taneous. It is the outpouring through a medium which is univer¬ sal, — a medium which admits of the most earnest fervor and in¬ tensity of enthusiastic devotion and thanksgiving. The idea, therefore, of a Musical Festival, to celebrate some great occasion which has made a whole people glad is not new ; but the Festival which is to come off in Boston next June is con¬ ceived on a scale of such vast magnitude, combining details so widely spread and of such formidable complexity, requiring means so varied and resources so immense, that it assumes the propor¬ tions of a grand original thought, for the carrying out of which the utmost amount of faith was needed, — faith in the plan, faith in its practicability, faith in the man who conceived it, and faith in those who assumed the heavy responsibility of carrying it out. And we can say with entire sincerity, that in no other city in the world, save Boston, could there be found business men of financial responsibility, who would not only entertain and seriously con¬ sider a musical scheme of such colossal proportions, but at the first glance so wildly chimerical, but actually adopt it, assume the responsibility, and throw themselves with enthusiasm into the heavy work which is imperative, in order to secure a successful issue. But Boston is solid and certain ; it is not effervescent in its feelings, nor is its enthusiasm evanescent. Once convince its intelligence, once secure its assent, and without bluster, fuss, or parade the work goes on. The financial basis is secured at once, —the possibility of a pecuniary failure is provided against, without reference to the outside aid of the public, and all the de¬ tails are carried on with that smoothness and certainty which always accompany financial security. This generous and noble GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 315 public spirit does honor to the citizens of Boston. It is one thing to come forward and subscribe liberally to carry out some great scheme of public utility, where interest for the capital expended is almost certain to accrue, — in this other cities are not behind Bos¬ ton ; but it is a very different matter when the people are asked to put down one hundred and fifty thousand dollars for a musical enterprise for the love of Art. The Boston merchants have done this on several occasions, twice within the last three years, to sustain the great Handel and Haydn Festivals. The sums sub¬ scribed on these occasions did not exceed fifty thousand dollars, but they were in generous proportion to the risk to be incurred. We have no desire to depreciate the spirit of the New York pub¬ lic, but we do not believe that any musical scheme could be pre¬ sented to the consideration of our merchants which could extract from their plethoric pockets one hundred and fifty thousand dol¬ lars to sustain it. The merchants of Boston are jealous of its honor, are proud of its art-fame so justly earned, and their belief in the aims of life is not bound up in the mere details of trade; it takes a wider range, and embraces with loving and fostering spirit the higher and purer claims of Art. To Mr. P. S. Gilmore is due all the honor of conceiving the Grand National Jubilee and Musical Peace Festival. He brought to bear upon its working a former experience, though upon a much smaller scale. In the city of New Orleans, on the 4th day of March, 1864, on the occasion of the ceremonies attendant upon the inauguration of Governor Hahn, a concert was then given in Lafayette Square, under his direction, which fully demonstrated the fact that there in that city, with none of the resources at hand which are now so liberally placed at his control, a concert, both vocal and instru¬ mental, could be given, which was but the herald of his present vast design. On that occasion a chorus of ten thousand voices, selected from the children of the public schools, an orchestra of five hundred musicians, with artillery and infantry, and with all the bells in the city ringing, poured out the anthems of liberty over regenerated Louisiana. The New Orleans Era of the day fol¬ lowing, speaking of these musical outpourings, says : “ The first piece was Hail Columbia, performed in the following manner: First time, full band ; second time, full band and grand chorus ; third time, full band, grand chorus, and a chime of all the bells of the city ; fourth time, full band, grand chorus, chiming of bells, and a great gun accompaniment by fifty pieces of artillery. The effects of this effort were very grand, and the loud cheers that rent 316 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the air from the thousands assembled gave the stamp of success to the first series of what had been looked upon as an experi¬ ment.” The entire programme of music was successfully carried through, and with the most thrilling and inspiring effect. Speak¬ ing of the effects of the music, the Era says : “ This part of the ceremonies greatly exceeded the expectations of the most san¬ guine. Its success was mainly due to Mr. P. S. Gilmore, who originated the design. With his own magnificent band as a nu¬ cleus, he conceived the idea of rallying around him other musi¬ cians and the thousands of school children, whom he found well drilled in the exercises of singing the National airs. By means of a few short rehearsals he has been able, out of materials that were never before brought together, to produce a concert which for harmony, beauty, and grandeur has never been excelled. The performance of the monster band — a combination of many bands from all sections of the country, which recently were called to¬ gether — was perfect as the acts of men can well be; and when joined by the immense chorus it fell upon the ear as though the very heavens had opened, and all the angels there¬ in were participating in the great event of the day. Language fails us, but we would be willing to live a thousand years in this wicked world were we sure that at the end of that long period another musical feast, such as we enjoyed yesterday, awaited us.” It will thus be seen that Mr. Gilmore has had an experience on a pretty extensive scale, although its proportions dwindle when compared with the present scheme. Armed with foregone conclusions, and having himself profound faith in the practicability of the scheme he had thought out, the next thing to be done was to convert some else to his faith. The irresponsible jumped at the idea for the sake of the excitement, but those upon whose approval and assistance the fate of the en¬ terprise depended were not so easily convinced. The glory which would inure to Boston as the city where the first Peace Festival was held, where the great fact of our national reunion was publicly rejoiced over, was a sore temptation even to the most cautious, but not until the financial needs and prospects, and the proposed vocal and instrumental resources, were explained satisfactorily, was the beginning made. Once commenced, the guarantors for the safety fund of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars came in briskly, and a few days sufficed to prove that the Great National Peace Jubilee and Musical Peace Festival was a thing to be accomplished. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 317 A splendid historical letter from “ Carle ton ” (C. C. Coffin, Esq.), — one of his “Round the World,Sketches.” From the Boston Journal, May 22. That the approaching Peace Jubilee will surpass anything that has ever been attempted in music will be manifest to any one who gives a moment’s thought to the subject. We make no excep¬ tions. In ancient or modern times no enterprise has been pro¬ jected on so grand a scale, and never has a plan held out such flattering promise of success. A brief review of the great musical gatherings will be inter¬ esting at this time, that we may see by contrast what has been done and what is contemplated. THE CHORUS OP ISRAEL. The chorus of.Israel, the mightiest chorus ever heard on earth, was that which assembled on the mountains of Samaria, when their conquests in Canaan were completed. Not many months ago we stood on the rocky slopes of that great Coliseum of na¬ ture, scooped out between Gerizim and Ebal, and pictured to ourselves the scene. Think of a verdant valley half a mile wide, bounded northward by the rocky crags of Ebal, and southward by the more gentle slopes of Gerizim. Old olive-trees strike their gnarled roots into the crevices of the rocks. The city of Samaria stands midway the valley. Looking westward, we see the blue waters of the Mediterranean, while eastward we behold the valley of the Jor¬ dan and the mountains of Gilead and Moab. Nebo rears its rounded summit in the southeast. Abraham, when he first entered the Land of Promise, pitched his tent at Shalem, a few rods east of the valley, and at the east¬ ern end is the well which Jacob dug. His descendants, after their long bondage in Egypt and wanderings in the desert, and fightings for the land, are gathered here. Their great general, Joshua, who led them to victory at Bethhoran, under whom they have conquered the land, is to take his farewell of the army. We have a complete picture of the scene. In the valley stand the elders of Israel with their great commander. There, too, is the ark of the Lord surrounded by the priests. We may locate the different choirs in diagram from the descrip¬ tion which has come down to us, just as easily as we can those which will assemble on the 17th of June in the Coliseum. 318 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Reuben, Zebulon, ON MOUNT EBAL. Gad, Dan, Priests. Priests. Ark. Priests. Priests. Asher, ‘Naphthali. Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issacher, Joseph, Benjamin. ON MOUNT GERIZIM. In dense masses at the base of the mountains, on the limestone ledges rising tier above tier, rank upon rank, they stand: an un¬ numbered multitude ; hundreds of thousands ; two great respon¬ sive choruses, answering each other, and the choir of priests be¬ low them. From the pi'iests we hear the chant ascending: “ Cursed be the man that maketh any graven image.” “Amen!” is the answer from Ebal. “ Blessed shalt thou be in the city and blessed shalt thou be in the field,” swells upward from the valley. “Amen!” is the response from Gerizim, uttered by the hun¬ dred thousand voices. Grand and majestic is the scene. Never before or since has there been anything like it. But this one utterance of “Amen” was the only part undertaken by the vast multitude. There was no grand orchestra to sustain them. Musical art was rude in those days. Tinkling timbrels and cymbals and rams’ horns were the chief instruments. A band with conch-shells, hurdy-gurdies, and brass plates would make just such music as that performed by the orchestras of the time of Joshua. MUSIC OF ANCIENT NATIONS. It is only in modern times that music has become a grand art. The melodies of the ancients were chants with variations of a few tones. Their best musical instrument, the harp, was a weak and feeble affair. On the sculptured walls of Karnac, on the marble slabs exhumed from Nineveh, on the frescoed walls of Pompeii, we see the musicians of those periods. David, the Prophets, Homer, and Herodotus have described the instruments of the times in which they lived. David’s harp of ten strings GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 319 would not be of much account in an orchestra. The Pandean pipes which the shepherds played in the groves of Arcadia would not be much more effective in sustaining a grand chorus than a penny whistle. Sculptured upon the Arch of Titus we see the victorious legions of Rome returning from Jerusalem, bearing the spoils taken from that sacked city, — the seven branched golden candlesticks, and the trumpets blown by the priests in the temple service. The trumpets were long, straight, brass tubes with bell¬ shaped mouths, effective only for triumphant peals. Through all the years of Rome, through the night of gloom which settled over Europe upon its downfall, there was little advance in musical in¬ vention. Old Rome had the trombone, the oboe, the violin. But musical notation, the science of harmony, melody, and orchestra¬ tion, all belong to modern times. In India and China we see in the kettle-drum, the cymbal, the one and two stringed fiddles, the gong and flageolet, the instru¬ ments of former days; and we hear the wailers of Egypt, the Nautch girls pf India, the minstrels of China, singing just such music as has been sung in the East for three thousand .years. QUEEN ELIZABETH’S BAND. The advancement in musical science and orchestration up to the time of Elizabeth, Queen of England, may be seen by the com¬ position of tbe Royal Band which played in the grand dining-hall of the palace while the Queen was at dinner. It consisted of twelve trumpets, two kettle-drums, several fifers and lute-players. When we remember that the lute was an instrument inferior to the guitar, we can imagine the feebleness of such an orchestra in melody. But if wanting in sweetness it had power, like the door of Pandemonium, “to grate harsh thunder.” MODERN ORCHESTRAS. Up to the year 1600 the violin was hardly known in England. It was introduced by strolling minstrels, and was regarded by the higher classes as a low-class instrument; they looked upon it as we look upon the banjo at the present time. Our own memory runs back to the time when the straight-laced, white-haired men of a former generation were in doubt about admitting such an in¬ strument into their households or into church. A bass-viol was sober and solemn, but a violin might be an instrument of the Devil to allure souls to perdition. It was not used in concerts till about the time of Handel. He was the first to recognize its masterly power, and to employ it to 320 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. represent the highest and holiest emotions of the soul. But even Handel did not fully comprehend the transcendent qualities of that instrument. It was reserved for Mozart and Paganini and other great masters to bring out the tragic powers of the violin. THE FIRST ORATORIO. The first oratorio, or religious drama, ever performed was pro¬ duced in Rome in the year 1600. Several were composed before the time of Handel, but they were for the most part severe chorals, with meagre instrumen¬ tation. Ilandel was born in 1684, and he was the first to emancipate melody, give it its proper scope, and introduce such progressions as had never before been attempted. But the orchestras of his time were miserable affairs. Haydn and Beethoven advanced in¬ strumentation immeasurably. Clarionets were not used in orches¬ tras till 1180, and Beethoven was the first to see the power of violoncellos to represent those streaming sounds, those moans and wailings, which are heard in his symphonies. MODERN ORCHESTRAS. Orchestration is almost wholly the growth of the present cen¬ tury. Beethoven, Rossini, and Meyerbeer, — all born at the close of the last century, — developed instrumentation and employed instruments before unheard of to give dramatic effect to their pro¬ ductions. Mendelssohn, with genius ranking with Beethoven and Handel, consolidated the work of his predecessors. Not till later years have anvils, cannon, and church-bells been employed with drums, cymbals, trumpets, trombones, bassoons, clarionets, oboes, flutes, violins, double-basses, and horns to represent all that is sublime and grand or sweet and pathetic in music, to stir the loftiest and tenderest emotions of the soul; to quicken as if to a battle-charge, to soothe in tones as soft and tremulous as the quiverings of an rEolian harp. GREAT ASSEMBLIES. Not till this present period have there been any great musical assemblies. The Messiah has been performed in London for a century, but the performers never exceeded seven hundred or eight hundred, and the orchestra and chorus combined have not reached that number till recently. In 1836 Mendelssohn conducted the great Dusseldorf-Festival, when the orchestra numbered two hundred and twenty and the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 321 chorus three hundred and sixteen, a total of five hundred and thirty-six performers. Ten years later, on the 26th of August, 1846, he conducted the Birmingham Festival, where the perform¬ ers numbered about seven hundred. It was the grandest that England had ever seen. He was then in the zenith of his fame, and those who were present look back to that rendering of the Elijah under his direction as one of the most pleasurable days of the century. Since then there have been great musical gather¬ ings in England, especially at the Crystal Palace. In 1861 thirty- five hundred children and one thousand adults took part. In 1862 a chorus of four thousand was brought together from all parts of the United Kingdom. Probably the most effective chorus and orchestra ever combined was that which assembled in 1868 at the Crystal Palace under the direction of Costa, the composer of Naaman, when the orchestra consisted of about five hundred instruments and forty-five hun¬ dred voices. On several occasions eight thousand charity schol¬ ars have been gathered in St. Paul’s Cathedral, singing with wonderful effect. EUROPEAN ORCHESTRAS. The largest orchestra and chorus ever brought together in Eu¬ rope, probably, was that which took part in the ceremonies at the distribution of prizes at the Great Exhibition in Paris, July, 1861. It was our privilege to be present on that occasion. It was in the magnificent edifice on the Champs Elysees. Not soon shall we forget the glittering display. Koyalty was there to give eclat to the proceedings, — the Emperor and the Empress, the Prince of Wales, the Sultan, and the Viceroy of Egypt. All that art could do had been done to make it the grandest display of the century. At one end of the vast hall containing fifteen thousand persons was the orchestra and chorus, — four hundred performers and six hundred singers,—with a great organ to lift them up with its deep diapason and loud clarion. The best talent of the Empire was there,—bands from every city in France. Musicians from all the provinces were selected to take part in that Jubilee. But their loudest strains in the “ triumphale” were weak and feeble in that auditorium, which was only about half the size of the Coliseum, now approaching completion in St. James Park. Those who fear that the chorus and orchestra in the Coliseum will give forth only a discordant din may be assured that they will not be deafened by the volume of sound produced on that occasion. As the roar and thunder of a great city falls melodi- 21 322 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ously on the ear from a distance, so will trumpet blast, organ peal, wail of violin, clash of cymbals, beat of drum, blend with the many-thousand-voiced choir in grand and majestic harmony. At Paris it was also our privilege to hear the great trial of mil¬ itary bands assembled from all parts of Europe. A few weeks before that event we heard the Imperial Band of Austria, when Francis Joseph assumed the diadem of Charle¬ magne in the old Cathedral at Pesth. There, too, was Liszt, directing the best talent of Vienna, performing the mass written for the occasion by that renowned composer. A week later we were in Berlin, beholding the grand review of Prussian troops in the presence of the King, the Emperor of Russia, the crown prin¬ ces of the two countries, Bismarck and Gortschakoff. Fifty thou¬ sand troops marched down the field to the music of the assembled bands, — about one thousand performers. But the coming Jubilee bids fair to eclipse all these, — to sur¬ pass them in sublimity and grandeur. In addition, there will be bells, anvils, cannon, and an organ of tremendous power. If all the societies that have signified their intention of attend¬ ing are present, the chorus will be far the largest ever brought together, — larger by several thousand than any European assem¬ bly. This multitude will not be an unwieldy mass. The Coliseum is so constructed that every singer and player will be able to see the baton of the conductor, to take the time from him and not from any one else. The singers of this country are familiar with the music. They have sung most of it at their county and dis¬ trict conventions. The musical assemblies which have been held all over the country during the last ten or fifteen years have been schools preparatory to this grand event. Think of an orchestra of one thousand, a chorus of ten thou¬ sand,— every instrument and voice; violin, trumpet, trombone, organ, drum, bell, and cannon-peal, soprano, alto, tenor, bass, each and all obedient to one controlling spirit of the hour. Elec¬ trifying the thought! It stirs our blood to think of that multi¬ tude, — the selected talent of the country, educated for the occa¬ sion,— familiar with the music by months of rehearsal, each spirit catching the enthusiasm of the hour, pouring out a volume of sound that shall shake the rafters of the lofty edifice ! Not a “ Babel” of sound, a discordant din, but all blending as the mul¬ titudinous voices of nature blend, — the songs of birds, the pass¬ ing breeze, the rushing of the mountain torrent, the deep rolling GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 323 thunder, in majestic harmony ! Volume of sound is not necessa¬ rily discordant. Is there deeper, grander harmony than that which rolls along the shore when the ocean is tossed by storm and tempest ? Niagara gives out no discord, and its mighty thunder is sweet music to our listening ears. “The voices of many waters ” is the sublimest simile which the inspired apostle could employ to represent the song of the redeemed. THE MUSIC. It is gratifying to know that the music whicn will be rendered at this Festival is not light and trifling, but of the highest order, — the sublimest strains of Handel, Haydn, Mendelssohn, Mozart, Rossini, and Beethoven. The occasion is one of Peace. Peace is the ally of religion. Peace and good-will is the theme of the angels’ song. The music selected is most appropriate for the oc¬ casion. 0, how grand it will be to hear that magnificent choral of Luther’s, “ God is a castle and defence When troubles and distress invade,” sung by the multitude, borne up and sustained by the great or¬ chestra ! Rising like a gathering storm, dying away in sweetest harmony. It will not be a chorus of angels, but it will be the nearest ap¬ proach ever made on earth to that multitude of the heavenly host which, eighteen hundred and sixty-nine years ago, suddenly was heard in mid-air, hovering over the hills of Bethlehem, sing¬ ing the sweetest song ever heard by mortal ears. The thought of it carries us back to that night. We think of the shepherds in the green pastures, — an angelic host sweeping through the air, fanning it with their white wings, — harmony of ineffable sweet¬ ness, — Heaven’s song of Jubilee ! Whoever hears the rendering of that song on the approaching Festival, as given by the great composer of the Messiah, will re¬ tain it in memory forever. Even now we seem to hear the trium¬ phant shout, “Glory to God!” and then the sudden transition to a hushed murmur, “ and Peace on Earth! ” Whoever hears it will go away purer than when he came, with a higher conception of the present and the future life. And in that great congregation assembled to hear there will be some whose thoughts and aspirations will reach forward to the better world, to that white-robed company around the eternal throne, singing the song of the redeemed. There will be moistened eyes, 324 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. as they think of dear ones gone before them to that blessed land, joining now in the great angelic choir. But space fails. We restrain our enthusiasm while looking for¬ ward to the week so full of promise. Having heard the great orchestra and chorus of England, Europe, and of our own coun¬ try, knowing what has been done, and having faith in the ability of the managers to carry out all that they have prom¬ ised, we are confident that those who are fortunate enough to attend the Festival will look back upon it with grateful remembrance. The New York Herald was exceedingly good-na¬ tured in its treatment of the “ Boston notion.” From time to time it came out with encouraging editorials, and acted with a magnanimity that set a good ex¬ ample to the press of the country generally. This marvellous sheet, read by all the world, is represented in Boston by a noble “ knight of the quill,” familiarly known as Tom Maguire. To find any one among his host of acquaintances who speaks ill of him would lie making a strange discovery; yet he quietly un¬ folds the little vices and weaknesses of the u Hubites,” and spreads them out in the Herald for all the world to look at ; but he no less industriously displays their good qualities, and gives credit where credit is due. He is not easily excited; rumors have no effect upon him; but as an “ interviewer” he merits the first prize. The following, from this correspondent, sounds as if “ Headquarters ” had gone through an examination for his special benefit: — From tlie New York Herald, May 22. The Boston Peace Festival. — Boston, the “Hub of the Uni¬ verse,” and the “Modern Athens of America,” as she is some¬ times ironically termed, is really to be the scene of an event which promises to pass into history as one of the grandest and most significant of any during the past nineteen centuries of the world’s career. It has been well said that all grand and novel enterprises have to pass successively through the various stages GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 325 of ridicule, argument, and adoption, and if they are to any con¬ siderable degree meritorious they will of themselves command popular approval and slip involuntarily through the additional stage of a glorious consummation. That monster musical demon¬ stration, the great National Peace Festival and Jubilee, of which so much has been said and written in the immediate past, — that grand ovation in which the hearty admirers of a restored Union will unite in one common chorus and exultation of thanks and praise, —will most certainly be a glorious reality, an unexampled success, a marvellous wonder. The inevitable ridicule which came from many quarters when the event was first conceived was rapidly followed by sober, serious argument. Then in quick succession the general ideas of the proposed demonstration were accepted and adopted by a public somewhat credulous at first; and now that it has appeared that there is everything appropriate in such a National Jubilee commemorative of the restoration of Peace, the whole American people seem disposed to unite in car¬ rying the enterprise forward to a glorious and happy consumma¬ tion. The representative people of the whole country — of the thrifty North, the sunny South, and the plenty-laden West-—will come together on the occasion of this auspicious Jubilee to smoke the pipe of Peace, to bury the political hatchet, and, as they sep¬ arate for their respective and distant homes, exclaim almost invol¬ untarily, and in one grand and hearty chorus, “Glory to God in the highest, peace on earth, good-will towards men.” It was but a few days after the little interview between General Grant and General Lee, under the Appomattox apple-tree, that Mr. Gilmore (of the renowned Boston Band bearing his name) conceived the idea of a Peace Festival similar to the one which he has arranged for on such a magnificent scale. For two years or more he has revolved it over in his mind, and during the inter¬ vening time reconstruction has gone forward, the Union has been freshly cemented, the proper time for the loyal and thankful to rejoice has come, and the opportunity for these pent-up rejoicings and thanks will be furnished the middle of the coming month. It would require physical and mental faculties of an omnipotent na¬ ture to comprehend and describe the colossal features connected now and to be associated in future with this truly appropriate and inspiring national celebration Money, it would seem, has beeD the least of all considerations required to carry the grand occa¬ sion forward, and industrious labor, and, in fact, every other needed requisite, has been just as abundantly furnished. The Jubilee will occupy five days altogether, commencing on 326 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the morning of June 15th, and ending on the evening of the 19th, and the Bostonians are arranging for the accommodation of one million visitors during this brief interval. The President of the United States, together with his Cabinet, the foreign Ministers to this country, and the Governors of the various States, are among those who have been invited. General Grant has insinuated pri¬ vately that he will be here, and Cabinet officers, foreign Minis¬ ters, and Governors, to the number of over forty, have formally accepted of their invitations, and the presence of some thirty members of Congress has also been assured. Large excursion parties are also arranging to come from New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Richmond, Charleston, S. C., New Or¬ leans, San Francisco, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Chicago, and from all the various cities of the West and South. Numerous prominent officers in the Confederate army have been invited, and several have signified their intention of coming. A letter of invitation to General Lee was forwarded during the latter part of last week, and a favorable reply is daily expected. While the hotels will be capable of furnishing accommodations to very many thousands of visitors, their capacity will, of course, not be equal to all the demands which will be made upon them. Boarding-house keepers and private families have come to the rescue, however, and there is no doubt but all strangers will be well cared for, and at reasonable rates. To secure this a “Bu¬ reau of Accommodations” has been established, where all those having rooms and board for the extra visitors register their name, residence, and price, and those desiring accommodations have oidy to apply to this bureau and they are immediately pro¬ vided for, and without any expense to any one, the whole arrangement being furnished gratuitously by the Jubilee man¬ agement. The Coliseum, the great structure in which the festivities of the Jubilee are to take place, is rapidly approaching completion, and everything about it will be finished in due season. It is located in the Back Bay section of Boston, and on the tract of land known as St. James Park, and within less than half an hour’s walk or ten or fifteen minutes’ horse-car ride from the principal hotels and central part of the city. It is unquestionably the largest public structure ever erected in the United States, and for strength, convenience of access, and general adaptation for its purpose, is unrivalled. It will afford comfortable accommoda¬ tions for about fifty thousand people, and there will be some thirty or forty doors of ingress and egress. The musicians, vo- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 327 cal and instrumental, will occupy the central portion of the struc¬ ture, and surrounding them on either side will be the audience. There is also a spacious gallery surrounding the interior, and directly beneath is a broad promenade. Retiring rooms are nu¬ merous, and among other conveniences will be a department for the representatives of the press, and also a general telegraph office, with wires stretching to all parts of the world. The rehearsals of those who are to participate in furnishing the musical features of the occasion are continuing daily, and the very best musical talent in the country has presented itself. The instrumental portion of the orchestra will consist of about twelve hundred pieces, and some four hundred of these will come from New York City. The department of vocal singers will, of course, exceed this by several thousands, and upon one of the days of the Jubilee the voices of some twenty thousand school children will be heard, and the chorus on that day, as upon all others, will be rendered thunderingly effective by an artillery feature of the orchestra, the various pieces to be fired at the proper time by means of electricity. Madame Parepa-Rosa, as has been stated, will sing upon some one, and perhaps all of the days. The offi¬ cial programme for all five of the days will be issued this week, however, and then the public will know exactly what is coming and when to expect it. It is only necessary now to say, as was stated at the beginning, that the great and glorious Jubilee will in every sense and feature be a happy success, a national honor, and the means of inaugurating a kindly and fraternal feeling among all classes throughout the whole of this great American republic. The leading pictorial papers — Harpers’ and Frank Leslie’s-—entered into the good work with great spirit. Leslie’s artists remained in Boston for several weeks, and the “ News ” did a noble service for the city by giv¬ ing representations of many of the public buildings, institutions, and other objects that add to the fame or beauty of the “ Hub,” while in the interest of the Ju¬ bilee it gave pictures of the Coliseum in almost every stage of its progress; in fact, it contained illustrations of everything and everybody connected with the enter¬ prise that might possibly interest the public. The most effective picture the Jubilee inspired, — and it 328 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. may perhaps be added, that ever adorned the pages of an American pictorial, — was Leslie’s double-sheet interior view of the Coliseum at the opening of the Festival, a fac-simile of which, upon a very small scale, is given in this volume. The engraving was life¬ like, animated, perfect in detail, and was worthy the genius ot the eminent artist, Albert Berghaus, whose pencil caught every feature of interest, and represented the whole magnificent scene with a power and faithful¬ ness that called forth the warmest admiration from all. To the engraver should also be accorded great praise for the delicate care with which he traced every fine and point in transferring the drawing to wood. Suc¬ cess to the enterprising house of Frank Leslie, pro¬ prietor and artists, who drew and engraved and im¬ pressed upon the public mind every interesting feature of the Peace Jubilee, thereby popularizing and ad¬ vancing the interests of the grand Festival and the city of Boston in a manner to reflect the highest credit upon both. While Leslie confined himself to illustrating the various striking points of the Jubilee just as they were, Harper and Brothers, though entering less deep¬ ly into the serious aspects of the matter, struck a very popular vein in issuing the most grotesque, fantastic, and amusing cartoons and caricatures of the antici¬ pated carnival possible to imagine. The genuine comi¬ cality and originality of these drawings set the nation, it might be said, in a roar. Everything in life that could scream, howl, bray, whine, grunt, scrape, blow, pound, ring, fire, — in fact, every element of noise conceivable was brought into play, representing the most terrific fortissimo of discord that ever distracted mortal ear. The desperate intent pictured upon every countenance, the congregation of nations, sects, sorts, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 329 and kinds, would lead to the supposition that Bed¬ lam with all its horrors was about to be let loose in Boston. No popular movement or patriotic demonstration ever suffers from being well burlesqued. Clever cari¬ catures add much to the notoriety of individuals as well as enterprises. “ Have you seen the cartoon of the great Jubilee in Harpers’ Weekly?” was a ques¬ tion everybody answered with “Yes,” and a laugh; because everybody “as was anybody” saw it, the “ Weekly ” being a familiar family visitor everywhere. Boston is indebted to one of her talented sons, Mr. C. G. Bush, for the Harper extravaganzas of her little musical notion. That he possesses all the elements of genuine humor, and can turn all mankind into a pan¬ demonium for his pleasure and their own, was fully proven by the skilful grouping of the discordant and chaotic elements that entered into his side-shaking burlesques of the Peace Jubilee. The Boston firm of L. Prang & Co., Chromo-Lith¬ ographers, also came out with a number of very clever caricatures of the approaching Festival. Sing¬ ers screaming for admission to the chorus with mouths open from ear to ear; thirsty musicians with wry faces looking at the words u ” crossed out, and nothing but cold water to drink; the projector with hat off standing tiptoe on a cloud, politely asking the heavens for “ the loan of a little thunder and lightning for this occasion only,” and many other grotesque com ceptions were among these sketches. Altogether, the comic side of the Peace Jubilee was represented in a way that pleased the public, and served to popularize the Festival by bringing it into notoriety through all the cheerful avenues of fun and fancy. The official programme of the entire Festival (ex- I 330 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. cept the names of the pieces to be sung by the chil¬ dren on the last day) was placed in the hands of the Advertising Committee about the middle of May, to make such use of as they saw fit for the information of the public. The comments of the press everywhere upon the authentic announcement from the Executive Committee of all the grand features to be produced, were highly complimentary; and the harmonious feel¬ ing — the feeling of unity, which at length made all citizens of Boston one upon the question — was now spreading all over the land. The following extracts from the papers will show how the official announcement of the programme was received : — From the Boston Journal, May 29. The National Peace Jubilee. —The official programme of the National Peace Jubilee will be found in our advertising columns to-day, and we commend it to the careful perusal of our readers. Never before was such a magnificent musical feast placed before the people of this or any other land. Aside from the magnitude of this great Festival of song, which is to unite the glad voices of a nation in pagans of praise and thanksgiving, there is much which commends admiration. The character of the music alone places the affair far above all similar festivals which have been held, either in America or Europe. Mr. Gilmore has shown won¬ derful tact and skill in the preparation of his programme, as well as in organizing and bringing thus far toward completion the grandest musical enterprise the world has ever witnessed. He has provided music which will meet with the approbation of every taste, —the popular as well as the classical. The grandest, lof¬ tiest, and most sacred inspirations of the great masters of song find ample place, and are to be rendered with a fulness and an effect their authors may have dreamed of but certainly never real¬ ized. So, too, the noble hymns which evoke such a ready re¬ sponse in the breast of every lover of his country — which thrill a nation’s heart and inspire her sons to patriotic devotion and brave deeds—have fitting recognition, and their familiar and welcome strains will be marked by an emphasis in good keeping with the great purposes of the occasion. Legions of trained GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 331 singers, an army of players, organ peals, the brazen voices of the once dread instruments of warfare, and the joyful bells will all unite in anthems of “ Peace and g’ood-wili.” Two musical artists, whom the whole civilized world delights to honor, will grace the occasion with their presence and their efforts, and in all its vari¬ ous departments the demonstration has been organized upon the grandest scale that could possibly be attained. The details we leave for our readers to glean from the pro¬ gramme as published. There is grandeur in every line. From the Boston Daily Advertiser, May 29. The managers of the National Peace Jubilee publish to-day the official order of exercises for the entire Jubilee week. If the old Cappelmeister, who won such trophies at Dresden early in the last century, had anticipated a programme like this, he would have choked with envy. In the selection and arrangement of the programme, and in the massing of musical organizations and in¬ struments of every kind, the managers have kept faithfully to the heroic scale on which the enterprise was projected. The quality of the programme has also the appearance of being in keeping with the original announcement, — being selected not entirely with reference to the unusual manner in which it is to be pre¬ sented, and to the number of voices and instruments to be en¬ gaged in it, but to stand the test of exacting musical criticism as well. The selections are almost wholly from masters of classical music, and from their most approved works. The orchestra has had the different parts of the programme in rehearsal for many months, and is said to be ready for the impor¬ tant part assigned to it. The chorus, though comprising so large a number of vocal organizations, and laboring from necessity under the disadvantage of different methods of training, has har¬ monized with excellent facility, so far as tried, and bids fair to fulfil the promises made in its behalf. The assistance to be ren¬ dered by Madame Parepa-Rosa on the first three days, and by Miss Adelaide Phillipps on the fourth, will also be an attraction to many who have feared that the purity of the performances was to be sacrificed to their magnitude. In spite of the scepticism which the managers have contended against, it may be truly said that their preliminary arrangements, so far as they affect the mu¬ sical part of the entertainment, have been carried out in good faith and with remarkable skill and fidelity. The .Coliseum itself is nearly finished, is a solid structure, not wanting in architectural merits, if apparent fitness for the pur- 332 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. pose it is devoted to is in that sense meritorious. Nothing seems to be omitted which convenience or safety required ; and when the decorations proposed are in their place, the interior of the edifice can hardly fail to be imposing and attractive. The interest in the Festival is quite equal to the expectations of those who have watched its progress, and there is no reason to doubt that the number of visitors will justify the enterprise and liberality which has brought it to its present flourishing state. For the full success of the Jubilee now so promising, and for the enjoyment of all who may contribute to its harmonies, we ask the good offices of our citizens, and commend it to their best regard. From the Orpheus for May, 1869. Mr. Gilmore’s Great Peace Jubilee. —The busiest man in America to-day is P. S. Gilmore, and we might add the happi¬ est, for in the midst of his labors as designer and director of the great National Peace Jubilee, he witnesses the gradual unfolding and realization of his brightest dreams. When Mr. Gilmore first laid his magnificent project before the public, after revolving his plans like a skilful general as he is, for months in his own mind, there were many scorners. Indeed, he was compelled to battle for a time almost single-handed. His enthusiasm was laughed at and ridiculed by many who are now ready to throw up their hats and join in the general huzza, since the affair is an assured suc¬ cess. There were a few, however, long-headed, far-seeing, public men, who readily appreciated the practicability of the scheme, and saw therein means to aid musical art, and to advance the best interests of the city and whole country. These men have given the influence of their wealth, their position, and their personal services to the enterprise, and all honor to them for their sagacity and liberality. The popular character of the proposed demonstration was urged against it by some, whose professed devotion to the divine art should have led them to joyfully embrace any opportunity to extend its pure and ennobling influences among the masses. There is far too much exclusiveness in music, or rather in the professed love of it, and there are those who would lock it up in a box, and retail it out in iimited quantities, and with only their own personal, specific stamp on the parcels disposed of. It is, of course, conceded that the inspired works of Bach and Beethoven occupy a higher place than our simple national songs, but no one was ever injured in body or mind by listening to the latter. There are many, too, who may not appreciate the former, who GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 333 yet gather goodness and patriotism from melodies of a simple and stirring character, and it is absurd to suppose any harm can be done by giving music calculated to suit the popular taste, with accessories of cannon and bells, such as we are accustomed to hear on every great day of public rejoicing, and the use of which is certainly in consonance with a demonstration in honor of Na¬ tional Peace and Union. The truth of the matter is, Mr. Gilmore has a heart and soul large enough to provide for the musical wants of all classes. By furnishing in his Jubilee programme features which are sure to be acceptable to the popular taste, he has by no means sacrificed the devotion he must feel as a musi¬ cian to the purest, highest, and noblest principles of art. Two entire days, and no small portion of the remainder of the time, will be occupied in the performance, by a well-drilled chorus and orchestra, of some of the grandest selections of sacred and clas¬ sical music ever written. If such a Festival as that now in pros¬ pect can by any possibility be an injury or a detriment to the cause of music, then must the great Choral Festivals of Europe and the grand concerts of our own land be considered hindrances to the advancement of art. From the Boston Evening Transcript, May 29. The Official Programme of the Peace Jubilee is published in our columns to-night. The inaugurating ceremonies are to consist of a Prayer by Rev. E. E. Hale; the Address of Welcome by his Honor the Mayor; congratulatory remarks on the restoration of Peace and Union, by Hon. A. II. Rice, — followed by a grand musical performance by eight hundred vocal organizations and one thousand musicians. Thus will begin a Festival on a gigan¬ tic scale which promises to be a marked event of the times and to fitly recognize the pacific and prosperous condition of the country, that has been won by a terrible struggle to save free in¬ stitutions from threatened destruction. All requisite efforts should be put forth to make the occasion one of interest to the multitudes who will fill Boston to overflowing, and our citizens ought to see to it that everything essential to a grand success is well and promptly done. From the New York Musical Gazette, May, 1869. Boston. —The great National Peace Jubilee just now demands the fullest share of attention from the Bostonians, who find little else to talk about or write about; and no wonder, for the affair has been organized and is to be carried out on a scale of the 334 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. greatest magnitude. It promises to fully meet in its extent and elaboration the utmost anticipations of its sanguine and noble- hearted projector, Mr. P. S. Gilmore. Its character will be such as to reflect the highest credit upon the “Hub,” whose musical reputation has already given her proud pre-eminence. At the same time it will be a popular demonstration of the noblest de¬ scription, in which the people of the whole country can unite with their whole heart and will. The liveliest interest seems everywhere to have been excited in relation to the event, and the city will be crowded for the time as it never was before. Hotel- keepers and others have received assurances from the most dis¬ tant parts of the country of the attendance of visitors, and the public and private accommodations of our citizens are sure to be taxed to the utmost. The greatest activity prevails in all departments of preparation for the Jubilee. Work was begun upon the mammoth building in real earnest in the month of March, and astonishing progress has been made. The structure rapidly rose and assumed positive shape, and for weeks it has been the greatest lion of the city, out- rivalling even the “great organ” and the State House in the eyes of curiosity-hunters from the country, while the Bostonians themselves have looked upon the growing wonder with feelings of equal interest and astonishment. The Coliseum is situated upon an unimproved Square, known as St. James Park, near the foot of Boylston Street, and St. James Avenue. New-Yorkers who have journeyed to Boston by the Bristol Line, the Stoning- ton Line, or by either of the land lines, will remember that the Boston and Albany, and the Boston and Providence Railroad cross each other just before entering the city. It is just north of this point that the building has been located. The site is about half a mile below the Common, upon which it was originally’pro¬ posed to place the building, and consequently about a mile from the Tremont House, Parker House, and “down town ” generally. The distance between it and the St. James, the new and magnifi¬ cent hotel at the South End, is about the same. The location was at first thought to be too far away from the centre of tide and travel, for your “ Boston man ” dislikes to go beyond hearing dis¬ tance of his domicile for his comforts or amusements. In New York, which, like Washington, is a city of “magnificent distan¬ ces,” it is quite different. Although the Common was the proper site, yet a change of base is a matter of the slightest possible consequence. The Business Department of the Jubilee, represented mainly GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 335 by the Executive Committee, has multitudinous duties to attend to. Eben D. Jordan, Esq., of the well-known firm of Jordan, Marsh, & Co., and other eminent gentlemen have taken off their coats, rolled up their sleeves, and gone into the work in real earnest. Mr. Gilmore occupies the post of General Advisory Director, and is looking after a host of details beside. The office for the sale of tickets has been established at the Music Hall, under the charge of Mr. A. P. Peck, and the experienced services of Mr. H. A. McGlennen have also been enlisted in this depart¬ ment of business management. To sum up, everything connected with the Jubilee promises most gloriously, and there is every indication that the affair will be an immense success. From the Saturday Evening Gazette, May 29. The Coliseum.— It was a very bold undertaking, that of the business men of Boston, to put through into effect, promptly and smoothly, Mr. Gilmore’s grand idea of a building large enough, and of the right order, to accommodate the largest musical con¬ vention ever witnessed in modern times, or perhaps in the world’s history. The bravest hearts and the most fertile heads might well stagger in view of an enterprise so original and so gigantic. Feliciter audax is indeed the fitting motto for this whole proceed- ing. Well, the thing now bids fair every way to be as successful in the execution as it was daring and inclusive in the conception. The Coliseum has risen almost like an exhalation, and now stands forth in all its huge dimensions ; but is like anything but an exha¬ lation in the substantial firmness and toughness of the workman¬ ship. The feat of “ King Amphion that walled a city with his melody,” though, as Wordsworth says, “for belief no dream,” was hardly a match for 'the wonder of this magnificent erection ; let alone, that the former was but an airy though splendid fable, born of the time when gods and men were used to interchange their forms and functions ; while the latter is a stubborn and pal¬ pable fact, taking its origin in a time when only men work upon the earth in visible shape, with no aid from the Divine powers but what comes in the form of noble inspirations and kindlings of soul. The great structure now grows near completion, and the grand chorus of hammers to be heard within it is a suitable prologue to the choral grandeurs of a different sort that are likely to be forth¬ coming soon. The building is five hundred feet long, and three 336 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. hundred feet wide ; in figure a simple parallelogram : thus cover¬ ing an area of one hundred and fifty thousand square feet, or about four acres : not so large indeed as the great Flavian Am¬ phitheatre of Rome, which filled a space of nearly six acres; but that was the work of a rapacious and sanguinary despotism that plundered the whole world to execute its plans, whereas this is the work of free hearts and unbloody hands, and not a tear has fallen to water its growing. The height of the building from floor to ridge is about eighty feet. The capacity is considered sufficient to receive not far from fifty thousand people. The south end of the structure, to the distance of some one hundred and eighty-five feet, or nearly two fifths of the whole, is set off for the orchestral and choral parts of the assemblage, and well provided with anterooms, retiring-rooms, and closets, beneath the galler¬ ies, for all the conveniences of performance and the necessities of nature. This part of the building is to have sittings for, prob¬ ably, about ten thousand people ; with an open space for the or¬ chestra, big enough to accommodate, say fifteen hundred per¬ formers.The spectators’ part of the building, also, has, beneath the gallei'ies, various rooms to yield such accommoda¬ tions as people commonly need or have use for in such cases ; especially a very large and well-ordered room, to accommodate the representatives of the Press. Thus much for the general plan and order and internal arrange¬ ment of the building: now for the workmanship and construc¬ tion. Of course, in the case of such a huge structure, run up so quickly, one of the most natural questions, and most important too, has reference to its power of endurance. And there is the more need of some attention here, inasmuch as the catastrophe at the skating-rink, a few months ago, may have rendered people a little timid and scary on the subject. And this point appears to have been specially present to the minds of those who had the selection of the material in charge. Throughout the whole work they have clearly had a paramount view to strength and tough¬ ness ; the general apprehensiveness of the public mind having rendered them the more studious of safety. And in this well- placed care they have been perfectly successful; as any man who knows anything of mechanics and of house-carpentry will at once admit. The building is literally storm-proof: there is no hazard in affirming that. The roof is mainly supported by four rows of upright timbers, standing some twenty-five feet apart, about fifteen inches square, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 337 and not far from sixty feet in length. These timbers are freshly sawn out of the tallest and largest Southern pines, which are probably the firmest and toughest trees of that genus that grow anywhere on the planet. There are eighty of them. Between the tops of these huge upright supports and the roof, the frame¬ work is all made of new and heavy timbers, proportionably kneed and braced in every direction of strain, and bound together in the strongest manner with iron spikes and bolts and rods ; so that they may fairly laugh to scorn any divulsive energies that this latitude knows how to muster. This framework has been un¬ sparing in the use of material, both as to quantity and quality; and the material is ordered and disposed with the highest skill in the science and art of wood-construction. In the skating-rink disaster, it was a brick wall, rather high, very long, not very thick, and not well braced, that was blown down. People are apt to think that a brick wall is stronger than a framework covered with boards. So it is against fire, but not against wind. The latter will withstand a vastly greater lateral pressure than the former. To be sure, the pressure of a stiff gale blowing direct against such a huge, upright surface as one side of the Coliseum, — such a jwessure is indeed tremendous ; but the resistance to it is still more so. For this building is so con¬ structed that all the framework extending over the three hundred feet of space between the two sides serves as a support to the side on which the pressure falls: the whole must give way to¬ gether before that side can yield. So that the idea of any danger on that score may be safely dismissed as not worth considering. “ Blow, wind, and crack your cheeks ! rage, blow ! ” —the Bos¬ ton Coliseum will not mind you. It may well be thought by this time, that Mr. Gilmore’s genius can hardly conceive anything so grand in his line but that Boston magnanimity and bottom can put it fairly through. From the Sunday Times, May 30. The Peace Jubilee. —The gigantic proportions of this enter¬ prise have developed themselves in a most unmistakable manner. There is no longer a chance to doubt that Boston is to be the scene of the greatest musical Festival that ever occurred on this continent, and one of the greatest ever undertaken in the world. The preparations to successfully carry out the programme are upon a truly magnificent scale, and have occupied the almost ex¬ clusive attention of many active-brained and hard-working men for several months. The presence of thousands of musicians in 22 338 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. our city will bring many times their number to hear them ; Bos¬ ton will be crowded with strangers, and unless some unusual preparations are made for their accommodation, hundreds will have no shelter except that afforded by the alleys, doorways, and seats on the Common. The Bureau of Accommodations has se¬ cured many halls in Boston and the neighboring cities, and the numbers of houses where rooms can be had have been left, as re¬ quested, at 246 Washington Street. These include, we are happy to state, the residences of some of our most respected and liberal citizens. Every resident of Boston should consider himself per¬ sonally appealed to in the notice of the committee, and should respond accordingly. No person should experience a feeling of delicacy in forwarding his or her address to the Bureau of Accom¬ modations. An excellent example has been set by those whose circumstances are such as to indicate that public spirit alone in¬ fluenced their action in the matter. Let their example be gener¬ ally followed, and all who visit our city during the Jubilee will have ample proof that “ Boston hospitality” is no empty phrase. From the New York Times, May 31. The Peace Jubilee. —The “ official programme ” for the “ Great National Peace Jubilee ” at Boston, during the third week of June, bursts upon us, despite its advertising avant-courriers and prelim¬ inary procession of beheralding bravuras, with dazzling splendor. Regarded askance, at first, by the sober and solid men of Boston, sneeringly slighted as merely another advertising dodge of the artful but illustrious Gilmore, its. artistic excellence, patriotic pur¬ pose, popular favor, and mercantile advantages, so combined, at length, to disarm hostile criticism, that from being a sort of “monster concert,” undertaken by the Jullien of Boston as a matter of private and pecuniary speculation, it has come to be re¬ garded as a grand emblematic welcome of Peace, and has swelled to the proportions of a national Fest or “Jubilee.” It is pat¬ ronized by the President, superintended by Mayor Shurtleff and the Boston city government, upheld by the subscriptions of mer¬ chants and musicians, —in short, it is a discounted success. We have called the originator of this Festival the Jullien of America ; and both his announcements and arrangements justify the title, — he himself, with a charming Jullienistic admixture of modesty and assertion, simply describes himself thus : “Projec¬ tor, Mr. P. S. Gilmore.” But his magnificent appointments, his superb choruses, his mighty orchestras, his anvils, his drums, bands, bells, and batteries, dwarf Jullien’s grandest conceptions, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 339 throw all memory of Jullien’s immaculate kids and broad expanse of spotless shirt-bosom into deep eclipse, and make this Ossa of orchestral leaders but a wart. Everything is grandiose in this Festival. The building itself is “an immense coliseum,” capable of holding fifty thousand per¬ sons. The expense of preparation is announced to have been, and really has been, “extraordinary.” The “oratorio chorus” comprises no less than eight hundred choice — we had almost said “voices,” in our enthusiasm, but check ourselves in season to put it the way the programme does, — “ eight hundred vocal organizations.” The grand orchestra is of one thousand musi¬ cians, picked from the best bands and musical societies in the country. Indeed, everything is done in round numbers. The very anvils for the “Anvil Chorus” are one hundred strong, and one hundred stout fellows are hired to hammer them ; and the one hundred anvil-players are chosen, by a stroke of genius Jullien himself might envy, from the Boston fire-laddies. And while the anvils clang, a thousand musicians chime in with full force of wind and string, a battery of artillery roars for the bass, a chime of great bells softens the crash of the guns, and the chorus of eight hundred voices rises harmonious over all. So too, when the Jubilee opens with Luther’s majestic “ Ein’ Feste Burg,” the largest organ attainable accompanies. If it be a “select orchestra” that performs the overture to “Tannhaii- ser,” yet this “select” body is six hundred strong. No voice but Parepa-Rosa’s could be thought of in such an auditorium for the soprano, none but Phillipps’s for the contralto; but, when the former sings the “Ave Maria” from Gounod, “the introductory violin obligato, usually rendered by one performer,” is played by two hundred. So, in the overture to “Fra Diavolo,” fifty trum¬ peters essay the “trumpet solo” part; in that to “Stradella,” a reed band of five hundred performs. When the “ Star Spangled Banner ” is given, all the terrific business of the Anvil Chorus is again done; and when “My Country, ’tis of Thee” is sung, everything goes off at once,—chorus, orchestra, organ, bands, every drummer beating, every bell ringing, every musician blow¬ ing, the infantry all firing, and the “ cannon pealing in the dis¬ tance in exact time with the music.” All this goes on for five days, with a performance each day whereof these are but faint indications. The very bass-drum is eight feet in diameter.We cannot doubt, in fine, that this will prove indeed “ a feast of sublime and inspiring harmony,” as per advertisement; nor, on the other hand, can we doubt that, 340 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. when the fifth day closes, and all has been said and sung, that the audience will breathe, even more fervently than at the beginning, “Let us have Peace.” Similar articles to the preceding appeared in hun¬ dreds of papers throughout the country, which was the best proof that the official programme gave univer¬ sal satisfaction. The Executive Committee having transferred to the city government the duty of inviting distinguished strangers, extended their invitation to only two guests; one, that eminent and estimable lady, Mrs. Har¬ rison Gray Otis, whose name is a household word throughout the nation; the other, the revered Dr. Lowell Mason, by whom music was first introduced into the public schools of Boston. The following is the note addressed to Mrs. Otis: — Boston, May 24, 1869. Dear Madam, — Your eminent sendees in behalf of the sol¬ diers equipped from Massachusetts during the late rebellion, and your active devotion to every good work designed to pro¬ mote the interests of the city of Boston, have attracted the at¬ tention not only of this community, but of the entire Union. Such labor and disinterestedness have placed your name high upon the roll of public benefactors, and deserve the fullest rec¬ ognition at all times from your fellow-citizens. It is with the greatest pleasure, therefore, that I perform the agreeable duty of advising you that those important services which you have so nobly rendered to our city and country have met the prompt acknowledgment of the Executive Committee of the contemplated National Jubilee. At the regular weekly meeting on Saturday evening last, on motion of Mr. M. M. Ballou, seconded by Mr-. Oliver Ditson, it was unanimously “ Voted , That Madam Harrison Gray Otis, the most eminent female representative of Boston patriotism, be invited to unite with us in the approaching musical celebration of the restora¬ tion of Peace, as our honorary guest.” I am further instructed to say that the venerable Dr. Lowell GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 341 Mason, whose life-long labors in behalf of the divine art of music entitle him to the grateful remembrance of all, is the only person to whom the committee have extended a similar compliment; and they feel that in honoring Madam Otis and Dr. Mason they honor themselves. I trust that you will find it convenient to accept such atten¬ tions as the committee may be enabled to bestow upon you dur¬ ing the continuance of the Jubilee, and have the honor to remain, dear Madam, with great respect, Your obedient servant, HENRY G. PARKER, Secretary. Madam Harrison Gray Otis. Her reply: — Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis presents her regards to Mr. Parker and begs him to transmit to the gentlemen of the Executive Committee of the “ Peace Jubilee Association ” her profound acknowledgments of the honor conferred upon her by their unanimous vote, and the very flattering expressions it contains, which have given her great satisfaction, and for which she is truly grateful. Mrs. Otis accepts with pleasure the invitation to “ The Musical Festival ” so gracefully and kindly forwarded by Mr. Parker. 41 Mt. Vernon Street, May 26, 1869. The following invitation was sent to Dr. Lowell Mason: — Boston, May 25, 1869. My dear Sir, — I take great pleasure in advising you that at the last meeting of the Executive Committee of this Asso¬ ciation a unanimous vote (moved by Mr. Oliver Ditson) was passed, as follows : — “ Voted , That the venerable Dr. Lowell Mason, who has done so much, during a long and useful life, in behalf of the art of music, be invited to unite with us in our approaching musical celebration of the restoration of Peace, as our honorary guest.” Let me add, sir, that but one other person is to be the recipient of a similar compliment. I allude to Madam Harrison Gray 342 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Otis, whose devoted service for the welfare of our brave sol¬ diers during the war has rendered her the most eminent female representative of the patriotism of Boston. Trusting that you will find it convenient to accept the invi¬ tation herein presented, with such personal courtesies as the committee may be enabled to extend to you, I remain, dear sir, with great respect, Your obedient servant, HENRY G. PARKER, Secretary. Dr. Lowell Mason, Orange, N. J. His reply: — Orange, N. J., May 29, 1869. Henry G. Parker, Esq., Secretary of the National Peace Jubilee Association. My dear Sir, — Your letter of May 25th, bringing to me the official invitation, with three tickets enclosed, to the Na¬ tional Peace Jubilee, has been received. I beg leave to present to the Executive Committee my grate¬ ful sense of the distinguished honor conferred upon me there¬ by. Unless detained by physical inability, I shall certainly do myself the pleasure of attending at least a part of the most interesting exercises proposed for the occasion; but, dear sir, the infirmities of age are upon me, and indeed I know not what will be on the morrow. Should anything occur to pre¬ vent my attendance, I shall endeavor to give you early notice of the same. Should I be able to come, my home will be with my son in Brookline. That my feeble efforts in the cause of musical education should be thus remembered by the Committee is no small re¬ ward for the labor bestowed, and that my name should lie thus nearly associated with that of the honorable lady whose efforts in the American cause were so untiring and successful, calls for my warmest acknowledgment. May Heaven’s blessing favor the cause of musical education and of universal freedom, and follow the National Peace Jubi¬ lee of 1869. With great respect, I am, Truly, your obedient servant, LOWELL MASON. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 343 The following is a copy of the invitation issued by the city government of Boston: — Q/Ae ( -^ity ( /Aoanct,A o^ fSAfoaton/ zeo-fzect^u/Ay aoAczt tAe Aonon^ o^you'Pfizeaence/at tAe/ Q/AatconaA G/fAuoicaA oAeatovaAin tAid AAity, Aeycnniny on/ tAe/^c^teentA c/ay o^^Ane, / No more our pleasant fields are strewn With gory dead and dying. Hushed is war’s trumpet, — summer gales The notes of peace are blowing; And o’er our heads — God grant it long 1 — The Union stars are glowing. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 429 Across the prairies’ broad expanse The iron bands that span it, Bring California’s greeting to New England’s hills of granite. Maine’s forests, Pennsylvania’s plains, The shores the lakes are laving, The garden lands ’neath Southern skies, Where orange-groves are waving, Break forth in one harmonious chant, A glorious hosanna 1 Let us have peace and unity Beneath our country’s banner. Ye wielders of the mighty power That sways both prince and peasant, May all your ways be those of peace, And all your paths be pleasant! Praise we the pen, that trenchant wand,— Our best, our last endeavor, To wield with honor, that the true Archimedean lever. And thus we pray, while in rude rhyme This welcome warm is spoken, — United hearts, — United States,— God keep the chain unbroken ! At the conclusion of Mr. Guild’s poem, which was frequently interrupted with loud applause, the “ fra¬ ternity ” took up the line of march from the recep¬ tion-room to the Press Headquarters at the other side of the building, where they found the tables “ groan¬ ing ” with luxuries. Without ceremony they were in¬ vited to help themselves, which they did with a gusto that indicated their entire satisfaction with the first- fruits of the Peace Jubilee. It was almost one o’clock; and yet the writer, who had been not only on the move, but on the “ dead run” since early morn, found himself literally swal¬ lowed up in the arrangement of details connected with 430 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the musical department, so that all things should be in place and go on smoothly when the public perform¬ ance commenced. Some members of the Committee, whose friendship and sympathy had been warmly manifested towards the projector from the beginning, had been watching his movements with interest and uneasiness during the forenoon. At length a friendly hand was placed upon his shoulder, and he was summoned into the presence of half a dozen who were as deeply interested in his own welfare as in the success of the Festival. “We are a little afraid,” said one, “that you are inclined to overwork yourself at the beginning, and may not be able to stand the demands that will be made upon you during the week; you look too anxious and careworn, and we therefore request you to go to your home at once ; a carriage awaits you at the door; in two hours you must be here again, ready to inau¬ gurate the musical part of the exercises.” “ Gentlemen,” said Mr. Gilmore, “ relieve yourselves of all anxiety concerning me; it is true I have had to work from early morn up to the present moment, but there were many small matters of which you knew nothing, but which, for the harmony of the whole, had to be attended to. Everything is now complete ; and though I may look somewhat fatigued just at this moment, I shall appear like a new man after a little rest; and at three o’clock will be ready for duty.” The fact is, many were under the impression that the actual realization of the “great idea” might pos¬ sibly prove too much for the projector, — that even its success might overpower him. His labors were Herculean, it is true, and the strain upon his mind intense, yet his head was clear; he saw all, everything, and his heart was tilled with confidence; to his mind’s GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 431 eye “Victory” was written all over the sky, and as he left the building to make ready for the approach¬ ing hour the clock struck One, the great doors were flung open for the admission of the public; and from every direction the multitude were thronging and pouring into the Coliseum to hear and to see and to participate in the inaugural ceremonies of the Peace Jubilee, about which so much had been written and said throughout the country. From the Boston Daily Journal, June 16. The Gathering Host. — By half-past two o’clock nearly all of the chorus and orchestra were in their seats, and the immense throng of auditors were pouring in at the - various entrances, a flood-tide of humanity. Spreading like a great wave, they cov¬ ered the vast floor, rose into the balconies, and ascended the great amphitheatre at the northern end of the Coliseum. The sound of their tramping feet, as they passed into the building and sought their seats, was like the continuous “ rote” of the sea as it rolls upon some far-reaching strand. There was no clatter or confu¬ sion of noise, but a steady, deep, almost solemn undertone, which subdued and drowned every other disturbing sound. It was the unconscious music of a great march of humanity, and filled the ear as the emblem of a vast hidden power. What grand desti¬ nies might be wrought out by the surging multitude were their energies so impressive even in the unthinking act of motion, united in some great endeavor ! But was it not the real music of this great occasion, this coming up of the people in their simple majesty to celebrate the return of golden Peace after a mighty struggle ? In every heart beat a symphony of gladness, in every eye sparkled the joy that follows the passing away of danger, and their tread was but the homely expression of noble impulses. There was music in that tread to one who can catch the subtle chords of the great diapason of life. While all who entered were struck with the interior beauty and magnitude of the “ Temple of Peace,” the programme of the day was placed in their hands; but for the information of the reader the official pro¬ gramme of the entire Festival is here introduced. “fit its jjafcri fhaa.” OFFICIAL PROGRAMME. Great National Peace Jubilee! (PROJECTED BY MR. P. S. GILMORE,) TO BE HELD 11ST THE CITY OE BOSTON, June 15, 16, 17 , 18, and 19, 1869, TO COMMEMORATE THE RESTORATION OF PEACE THROUGHOUT THE LAND. THIS GLORIOUS EVENT IN OUR NATIONAL HISTORY WILL BE CELEBRATED BY THE CrF&ndost Musical Festival EVER KNOWN IN THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD. THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, Members of his Cabinet, Heads of Departments, Governors of all the States, And many other distinguished persons from all parts of the country, together with the Representatives of Foreign Governments at Washington, have been invited by the Mayor and City Council of Boston to become the GUESTS OF THE CITY DURING THE FESTIVAL. AN IMMENSE COLISEUM, The largest structure in America, capable of accommodating FIFTY THOUSAND PERSONS, has been erected especially for this occasion, the interior of the building being MAGNIFICENTLY DECORATED WITH EMBLEMS OF NATIONAL PEACE AND HARMONY. The extraordinary expense incurred in preparing for this great Festival has been met, with remarkable generosity, by the public-spirited, art-loving citizens of Boston, and the Executive Committee take great pleasure in announcing the following Affinal gh'ogtitmtnc FOR THE FIVE DAYS OF THE FESTIVAL. FIRST DAT. Tuesday, June 15, 1869, commencing at 3 o’clock, P. M. INA-UGUItAX, CEREMONIES. PRAYER BY REV. E. E. HALE. TO BE FOLLOWED BY AN ADDRESS BY HIS HONOR MAYOR SHURTLEFF, WELCOMING ALL GEESTS AND VISITORS TO BOSTON AND TO MASSACHESETTS. ALSO, A CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS BY HON. ALEXANDER H. RICE, <©tt tl)e Jlejstoration of fStace atti) Stnioit tljrougfyout tfye |Dant>. THE INAEGURAL CEREMONIES WILL BE FOLLOWED BY A IN WHICH The Greatest Oratorio Chorus ever assembled, Comprising One Hundred and Three Choral Societies, made up of nearly Eight Hundred Choirs, Clubs, and Vocal Organizations, and numbering in the aggregate, over TEW THOUSAND VOICES, Who have been in rehearsal for many months, will take part, accompanied hy A GRAND ORCHESTRA OF ONE THOUSAND MUSICIANS, SELECTED FROM THE BEST ORCHESTRAS, BANDS AND MESICAL ASSOCIATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES. The scale upon which it is proposed to carry out this Festival will represent, in its magnitude and splendor, the greatest cause for National rejoicing that the American people have ever been called upon to celebrate,—the Restoration: of |pea« arch stnion: tjjrougfjout % ITanfr. It will bring together in fraternal greeting the leading men of the Nation, and people from all parts of the land ; and, aside from its significance as the FIRST GRAND NATIONAL REUNION since the close of the War, It will be the Greatest Feast of Sublime and Inspiring Harmony that has ever been heard in any part of the World. PROGRAMME OF FIRST DAY, Tuesday, June 15th, 1869. I 3 .A. IR, T X. 1- Grand Choral. “ God is a castle and defence.” luther. -fi—;-P- -3- - - f-5-p— r-O- P - fts ~=— F ^~ God — 1 -- is —i— a Et - cas - tie and ■=t=. de - - E fence. Sung by the Full Chorus, Ten Thousand Voices, with Orchestra, and Military Band Accompaniment, One Thousand Instruments, and the Great Organ. £2- Overture. “Tannhauser.” wagner. Performed by the select Orchestra increased to Six Hundred Instrumentalists. S- Gloria. “ From the Twelfth Mass.” mozart. Glo - rious is Thy name, A1 - migh - ty God. Sung by the Full Chorus, with Organ and Orchestral Accompaniment. *3=. Solo. “ Ave Maria.” gounod. _ jj, Moderato. -y — & —H- -- p r-«?f J - • fll- P _ 0 y .^ | A1Z- . (_ ]/ -L A - ve Ma ri a. For Voice, Violin Obbligato, Piano, Organ, and Orchestra. Sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa. The Violin obbligato, by Two Hundred Violinists. S. National Air. <£ The Star Spangled Banner.” key. With an additional verse written by W. T. W. Ball, Esq. =f=H —-- a—'—p — : j5=j—^ : =3 j i • -<9~ U: U : ta & j —© —i—S- O, say, can you see by the dawn’s ear - ly light. To be sung as follows First Verse Basses in Unison first 16 measures, Tenors in Unison, second 16 measures, end¬ ing with Full Chorus, accompanied by Organ and Orchestra. Second Verse:— Sopranos and Altos in Duett, ending with Full Chorus, accompanied by Organ, Orchestra, and Chiming of Bells. Third Verse Tenors and Basses in Unison first 16 measures, and in duett second 16 measures, ending with Full Chorus, accompanied by Organ, Orchestra, Military Band, Drum Corps, Chiming of Bells, and booming of Cannon. (The Bells will be rung, and the Cannon fired by electricity.) INTERMISSION FIFTEEN MINUTES. PROGRAMME OF FIRST DAY Tuesday, June 15th, 1869. I=> II. 1- Hymn of Peace, Written for the occasion, by dr. o. w. holmes, TO THE MUSIC OF “ Keller’s American Hymn.” 5 ^ . “~i — ;; — f ^ ’ fc . A - ■ * -p 5 :* - • tr 3 f - —rd . ? f W -=F=*r-r- 1 1 1 ' 1 L An - gel of Peace, thou hast wandered too long. FULL CHORUS, Organ, Orchestra, and Military Band Accompaniment. 2. Overture. “ William Tell.” rossini. Select Orchestra, Six Hundred Performers. S. Inflammatus. From the “Stabat Mater.” rossini. Andante Maestoso. = P-q=q -A-js-Cavfc- 9 . -M- - —r — \—-\-- 0 —l-J- h - -4-i—— 0 -®— tr — —- , —hna t - In - flam - ma -tus, -V—M— eaf-—==6*—— Inflam - ma - tus et ac L-62 1-A - - cen-sus. Madame Parepa-Rosa, With full Chorus, Organ and Orchestral Accompaniment. “3:- Coronation March. From “The Prophet.” Meyerbeer. Performed by the Full Band and Orchestra combined. One Thousand Instrumentalists. Scena, from II Trovatore. “ Anvil Chorus. Proudly our ban - ner now gleams with golden lus - tre Sung by the Full Chorus, with Organ, Orchestra, Military Band, Drum Corps, One Hundred Anvils, all the Bells of the City in chime, and Cannon Accompaniment. (The anvil part will be performed by 100 members of the Boston Fire Department.) e. National Air. Written hv rev. s. f. smith, d. d. “ My Country, ’tis of Thee.” To the Music of GOD SAVE THE QUEEH. J -J- =* a fr • at J T a • * - 9 « 9 4-^- — - My country,’tis of thee, Sweet land of liber-ty, Of thee I sing. Sung by the Full Chorus, with Organ, Orchestra, Military Band, Drum Corps, Bells and Cannon Accompaniment. (The audience is requested to join in singing the last stanza.) PROGRAMME OF SECOND DAY Wednesday, June 16th, 1869. 3? _A_ IR, T X. 1_ Festival Overture, based on “ Luther’s Choral.” nicolai. “ Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott." Full Chorus, Organ, and Orchestra. SL Chorus. “Glory to God,” from the “ Messiah.” r\JA Alleyro. -Q-i—0 — -hj h—I®- :^=Bz±: E|EE Glo - ry to God, i- ■V Glo - ry —a — 9 - 9 —®- ±£=±=±=t= to God in the high - est. Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. S- Chorus. “ And the glory of the Lord shall be re- 4- Recitative and Aria. “Non piu di fiori; ” from “La Clemenza di Tito.” mozart. Sung by Miss Adelaide Phillipps. 5- Chorus. “ He, watching over Israel,” from “Elijah.” MENDELSSOHN. V * Li. ' 1 _JS N J' N : . J_N 1 [ P _ , J J A . 2 i l r ^ : / 9 & W 3,0 L L L U r 1 i r He, watoliing o - ver Is - ra - el, slumbers not, nor sleeps. Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. G . Air. “ Let the bright seraphim.” handel. ~ Andante. is V Let the bright se - raphim in burn - ing row. Sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa. (Trumpet Obbligato performed by Mr. M. Arbuckle.) INTERMISSION OF FIFTEEN MINUTES. PROGRAMME OF SECOND DAY. Wednesday, June 16th, 1869. IF* .A. IR, T XI. 1. Duet and Chorus. “ See the Conquering Hero Comes.” from “Judas Maecabffius.” handed. A . O .3 3— J ~P •s* ~l- O- • - :[=- s Ali T K -ks***- 1 - 1 — — I; See the God-like youth advance, Breathe the flutes, and lead the dance. CHORUS. (Sopranos and A Itos.) See the conquering Hero comes, Sound the trumpets, beat the drums; Snorts prepare, the laurel bring, Songs of triumph to him sing. DUET. (Sopranos.) See the Godlike youth advance, Breathe the flutes, and lead the dance ; Myrtle wreathes and roses twine, To deck the Hero’s brow divine. Grand Chorus. —See the conquering Hero, etc. Sung by the Choir of Artists, with Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. £3- Symphony. (in C Major.) « Schubert. AncUmte, Allegro, Andante con moto, Scherzo, Finale. Performed by the Select Orchestra, 500 members. S- Solo and Chorus. “The Marvellous Work,” from “The Creation.” haydn. -I - —* ■ £5 , «« s * * r ? m « r i i 7 J II u . \J h P 7 D IZ 0 - b V v y p U t The mar - v’lous, the marv’lous work behold a-maz’d, The Solo by Madame Parepa-Rosa, "With Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 4. Chorus and Trio. “The Heavens are Telling,” from “The Creation.” haydn. Allegro. =i= -H it: -W- 4- The heavens are tell - ing the glo - (Trio by the Choir of Artists.) Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. ry of God. [» PROGRAMME OF THIRD DAY. Thursday, June 17th, 1869. ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL. THE PEOPLE’S HAT. National, Popular, and Patriotic Selections. I 3 AIR, T X. 1- Overture. “ Fra Diavolo.” auber. Performed by the full Grand Orchestra. One Thousand Instrumentalists. (The Solo Trumpet part to be played by Fifty Trumpeters.) - Choral. 4J- Judgment Hymn.” =3=3= ~— —(3 —j— —I- I ■ "I -ssi- Great God, what do I see and hear. Full Chorus, with Organ and Orchestra. 3- Grand March. Maestoso- Peace Festival,” first time. -pzffia -P -O -T1--H-H—I -&& 0 -O -H—f—I— aha —H-I/———I- -— 3—I—Uj—boOi— 1 - L — 0&&- -Q— 3 Composed for this occasion, and performed by the United Bands, One Thousand Musicians. 4- Aria. Robert toi qui j’aime. Sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa. MEYERBEER. 5- Scena, from “II Trovatore,” introducing the “Anvil Chorus.” verdi. tr Allegro. fr • * •»•»"*«’ • -BhT" ' a *—- .. . . Performed by the Full Chorus, with Organ, Orchestra, Military Band, Drum Corps, Bell, Anvil, and Cannon Accompaniment. 3- Overture Triumphal, on the American National Air, “ Hail Columbia.” c. c. converse. Composed for this occasion, and performed by the Full Band, with Organ and Chorus in the Finale. INTERMISSION FIFTEEN MINUTES. PROGRAMME OF THIRD DAY. Thursday, June 17th, 1869. II. 1. Marche Militaire. “ Prince Frederick.” Performed by Band and Orchestra, One Thousand Musicians. 53- National Air. “ Star Spangled Banner.’ Last stanza, as sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa. -h—p—>- -9 — V- O’er the land of the free ; And the home Sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa. with Full Chorus, Organ, Orchestra, Military Band, Drum Corps, Bell and Cannon Accompaniment. of the brave. 3- Solo for Cornet. “Cavatina from 11 Bravo.” mercadante. Performed by Mr. M. Arbuckle, with Orchestral Accompaniment. 4- Chorus. “ The Harp that once thro’ Tara’s Halls.” MOORE. Andante Affetuoso. The Harp that once through Tara’s halls, The soul of music shed. For Full Chorus, with Organ and Orchestra 5- Overture. “ Stradella.” Reed Band, Five Hundred Performers. ©. Choral. “ Old Hundredth Psalm.” - j-s - - -;— -r~ —1 1 | 1 cd - — Praise God, from whom all bless - ings flow, Full Chorus, Organ, Orchestra, Military Band, and Cannon Accompaniment. The audience is respectfully invited to join in singing the last verse. hpr 1 PROGRAMME OF FOURTH DAY. Friday, June 18th, 1869. F -A. IR, T I. 1_ Overture. “ Jubal,” Introducing God Save the Queen. Grand Orchestra. C. VON WEBER. S. Choral. “To God on High,”from “ St. Paul.” mendelssohn. ":iJ r PErE: w ~t~ tz —g—g±ijE3^g=d=zg^-gd To God on high be thanksandpraise, Who deignsour bonds to sev - er. Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 3. Symphony, No. 5. 1. Allegro molto. (in C Major.) BEETHOVEN. 2. Andante con moto. 3. Scherzo allegro, and Finale. Allegro. Grand Orchestra. Aria. Laseia ehio pianga.” Sung by Miss Adelaide Phillipps. 5. Chorus. “ Achieved is the glorious work,” from the “ Creation.” hadyn. - " ~W 6 -• _ d-b t ds A - chiev - ed is the Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. glo - rious work; €3- Chorus. “ Thanks be to God,” from “ Elijah.” mendelssohn, fn. ~| 7 '' .3—" jr. - jrn—^- f^P—r-a - e>— »— 1 >-^—— :£±=~=z : 4=r —p- Thanks be to God, He lav - eth the thirst-y land. Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. INTERMISSION FIFTEEN MINUTES. PROGRAMME OF FOURTH DAY. Friday, June 18th, 1869. PA.RT IX. 1. Chorus. “Sleepers, wake! a voice is calling,” from “ St. Paul.” MENDELSSOHN. -thsji— f ——n -|-1' -1- 1 ‘ -1-: ' 7$ - - /!? S' .0 73 ! V"J7 -- J — ~73~' Sleep-ers, wake! a voice is call - ing, Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 3- Prater. From “ Moses in Egypt.” rossini. Oh! Thou whose pow’r tremendous, Upholds the star - ry sky.... Sung hy the Choir of Artists in Unison. First verse, Basses; Second verse, Tenors; Third verse, Sopranos; with Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 3- Solo and Chorus. “ Inflammatus” from CHORUS. Stabat Mater. ROSSINI. m USM 23 ff On the dreadful judgment day, On the dreadful judgment day. The Solo by Fifteen leading Soprani in Unison, with Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 4. Gloria. From “Twelfth Mass.” mozart. -jf d\j - “4—=M -- * - - —j— =n- -j H —J—-J—J— T— •H®- - [-(2- -!- -J-O- |“3 : | -.| • — | : ' • l Glo - - - ri - a in ex - cel - sis De - - - o. Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 5. Hallelujah Chorus. From “The Messiah.” handel. n U „ „ . . . v _ .. . _ - 0 9 ^,0-0 o e „ B |. 0 „ 0 ^ - -1 — 1 —— 1 —u'-l—Fr-I—(*-|— 2 ~ - 3=^^- Hal-le-lu-jah! Hal-le-lu-jah! Halle • lujah! Hallelujah! Hal - le - lujah! Grand Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. The Audience is requested to rise during the Singing of the , “Hallelujah Chorus.” PROGRAMME OF FIFTH DAY, Saturday, June 19th, 1869. GRAND CHORUS COMPOSED OF THE CHILDREN OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. IE? _A_3rLT I. 1. Overture. “ William Tell.” Grand Orchestra. S3- National Air. £ Maestoso. “ Hail Columbia.” J--0- m Hail Columbia, hap - py land. Hail ye he - roes, heav’n born band; Sung by the Full Chorus in Unison. With Organ and Orchestral Accompaniment. 3- Three-part Song. “ Brothers, to our Native Land.” abt. Andantino. a B'-' 0 — -)-i— 4 - 0 - - g I - 1 - L : J 1 -V-4- :s: s 2gH~C Brothers, to our na - tive land, Let us vow both heart and hand. Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 4- Chorus. “Now the twilight’s softly stealing.” mercadante. Andante. Jz j j <5> /, « ri-N- j j <2 • & & - # -?> -a-=- - F & L DZ v —£-U ? Now the twilight's softly steal - ing, You - der Ab-bey tow’r reveal - ing. Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. 5. Aria. From “Luerezia Borgia.” “II segreto peresse feliei.” donizetti. Sung by Miss Adelaide Phillipps. 3. Solo and Chorus. Con Spirito. So merrily over the ocean spray.” BItINLEY RICHARDS. So mer-ri - ly o - ver the ocean spray,Dancing and singing the hours away. First Verse, Sopranos in Unison ; Second Verse, Altos in Unison. With Full Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. PROGRAMME OF FIFTH DAY. Saturday, June 19th, 1869. PART II. PHYSICAL EXERCISES, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF ME. LEWIS B. MOHEOE. 1. Coronation March. Meyerbeer. Grand Orchestra. J2- Russian National Hymn. lvoff. With words of Welcome to General Grant, by S. F. Smith, D. D. Maestoso. i/Ti? „ -N- & e> ! r & ' y , r 1 r " 1 9 ^ '| | r f~ Wel - come the man of God, Cho - sen to lead us. Sung by the Full Chorus in Unison. With Organ and Orchestral Accompaniment. S- Aria. Prom “Elijah.” “Hear ye Israel.” Mendelssohn. Sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa. Three-part Song. “Wake, gentle Zephyr.” rossini. 5. Duo. From “ Stabat Mater.” “Quis est Homo.” rossini. Sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa and Miss Adelaide Phillipps. ©. Grand Choral. Old Hundredth Psalm. -G-3 -1-:- —i-1— -j--p it* - -1-f - | —d_zj 3 —1: Z =*^ —1—-4- -^- — & —— -£-1- From all that dwell be - neath the skies. Pull Chorus, Organ and Orchestra. RECAPITULATION OF THE PROGRAMMES. THE MUSIC PERFORMED AT THE PEACE JUBILEE. VOCAL. Choral. “ God is a castle and defence ”. Luther. Gloria. From the “ Twelfth Mass ”. Mozart. Solo. “ Are Maria ” .Gounod. Solo and Chorus. “ Inflammatus,” from the “ Stahat Mater” . . . Rossini. Chorus. “ Glory to God,” from the “ Messiah ”. Handel. Chorus. “ And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed,” from the “ Messiah ”, Handel. Chorus. “ He watching over Israel,” from “ Elijah ”. Mendelssohn. Air. “ Let the bright seraphim ”. Handel. Solo and Chorus. “ The marvellous work,” from the “ Creation ” . . . Haydn.- Chorus and Trio. “ The heavens are telliDg,” from the “ Creation ” . . Haydn. Choral. “ Judgment Hymn ” ..Luther. Choral. “ To God on high,” from “ St. Paul ”. Mendelssohn. Chorus. “ Achieved is the glorious work,” from the “ Creation ” . . . Haydn. . Chorus. “ Thanks be to God,” from “ Elijah ”. Mendelssohn. Chorus. “ Sleepers, wake ! a voice is calling,” from “ St. Paul ”... Mendelssohn. Prayer, from “ Moses in Egypt ” . .• . . . . . . . Rossini. Hallelujah Chorus. From the “ Messiah ”. Handel. Aria. “ Hear ye, Israel,” from “ Elijah ” . . . . . . . Mendelssohn. Duo, from “ Stabat Mater.” “ Quis est Homo ? ” ...... Rossini. Choral. “ Old Hundredth Psalm ”. Recitative and Aria. “ Non piu di fiori,” from “ La Clemenza di Tito ” . . Mozart. Aria. “ Lascia chio pianga ” .. . . . Handel. Aria. “ II segreto peresse felici.” from “ Lucrezia Borgia ” . . . . Donizetti. Aria. “ Robert, toi qui j’aime ” ......... Meyerbeer. Chorus. “ The harp that once through Tara’s halls ”..... Moore. Chorus. “ Now the twilight’s softly stealing ”. Mercadante. Solo and Chorus. “ So merrily over the ocean spray ”..... Brinley Richards. Three-part Song. “ Wake, gentle Zephyr ”. Rossini. Scena, from “ H Trovatore.” “ Anvil Chorus ”. Verdi. Three-part Song “ Brothers, to our native land ” ..... AbT. Russian National Hymn . . Lvoff. Duet and Chorus. “ See, the conquering hero comes ” .... Handel. Overture Triumphal, with Chorus, on “ Hail Columbia ” ..... Converse. Festival Overture, based on Luther’s Choral, “ Ein feste Burg ” . . . Nicolai. Hymn of Peace, written by Oliver Wendell Holmes. Music by . . . M. Keller. National Song. “ The Star-Spangled Banner ” . . . . . . Key. National Song. “My country, 't is of thee ”.S. F. Smith, D. D. INSTRUMENTAL. Overture. “ Tannhauser ” . ...... Overture. “ William Tell ”. Coronation March. From “ The Prophet ” Symphony (in C Major) . .. Overture. “ Fra Diavolo ”. Grand March. “ Peace Festival,” first time . March Militaire. * £ Prince Frederick ”... Solo for Cornet. “ Cavatina from II Bravo ” . . Overture. “Stradella”. Overture. “ Jubal Symphony No. 5 (in C Major). Wagner. Rossini- Meyerbeer. Schubert. Auber. Janotta. Bh.se. Mercadante. Flotow. C. Von Weber. Beethoven. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 443 As has already been stated, the doors of the Coli¬ seum were thrown open for the admission of the pub¬ lic at One o’clock on Tuesday, June 15, and from that hour the tide of humanity kept flowing into the great building until Three, the time announced for the inau¬ gural exercises of the Jubilee to commence. The scene within the building when all were in place was the grandest and most impressive ever beheld upon the American continent; nay, we might go further, and say ever witnessed in the world beneath one roof. The band of a thousand performers were in their seats, each with his instrument in hand ready to perform his part. They occupied a platform which, having a slight descent from rear to front, brought every member of the orchestra into view from the floor, and from every part of the house. From the right, left, and rear of the band platform the chorus seats, filled with ten thousand of the best singers in the land, ascended row above row, going up, up, up, up, higher and higher and higher, until they reached the very eaves; and the sight of this great choir alone was a scene never to be forgotten. The magnificent organ, which, without other voice or instrument, could fill the huge edifice with rich har¬ mony, was all ready to pour out its marvellous tones under the artistic fingers of that true genius and gen¬ tleman, Dr. John H. Willcox, who was already at his post. The big guns were in position, and together with all the bells of the city, were prepared to respond to the touch of the electrician, and lend their power and loftiness to the National Air. But while the beautiful and picturesque musical scene within the building filled the eyes of the vast audience with wonder and admiration, the band and 444 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. chorus looked in turn with kindred feelings of astonish¬ ment upon the. sea of faces turned towards them. In fact, for the time being, each and all felt a new sensa¬ tion, a thrill of joy, of inspiration, of exquisite pleasure, which in life they never felt before, and which cannot be explained. “ If the scene alone awakens such feelings, what will be the effect of the music when the flood-gates of such harmony as we shall soon hear are opened upon us ? ” was a question the solution of which thousands awaited with mingled feelings of joy and fear. “Will it be frightfully loud, or will it be very beautiful ? ” “ May not the first grand outburst of the organ, with that immense body of voices and in¬ struments combined, create such a concussion in the air as to destroy our hearing, and perhaps shake down the building?” “Is it possible that such a multitude of voices and instruments can harmonize and make agreeable music?” These questions would soon be solved, and solved to the entire satisfaction of all within and without, — ay, of hundreds of thousands throughout the country who anxiously awaited the result. At precisely ten minutes past three a delegation of the Executive Committee walked down the broad-aisle from the reception-room, escorting the minister and orators of the day to the platform, shortly after which the Hon. A. H. Rice called the assemblage to order, and Rev. Edward Everett Hale offered up the follow¬ ing prayer: — Almighty God, it is in thy providence that we are here to¬ gether, and we thank thee, Father of our spirits, that we are in thy presence, that thou art in the midst of us. We thank thee that thou hast led us through years of war into these years of peace and plenty. We thank thee that thou hast united these GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 445 States in one nation forever, and that thou hast given to it thy dominion from sea to sea. We thank thee that in that nation thou hast given welcome and homes to strangers who come from every land. We thank thee that thou hast overruled the coun¬ sels of men, and that thou hast dwelt in their hearts with thy Holy Spirit, so that they may live together as brethren. We thank thee that thou hast proclaimed liberty to the captive, and an opening of the prison to those that were bound. We thank thee that our brothers and sisters, our kinsmen and our friends, can come together here, from far distant homes, — from the North and from the South, from the East and from the West, —to unite together with one heart and with one voice to praise thee for thy boundless gifts to us; that mercy and truth have, met together, that righteousness and peace have kissed each other. And now, merciful Father, for the days that are before us we ask a like blessing for ourselves and for our children; that thou wilt be with us, as thou hast been with our fathers ; that in this, the week of our Jubilee, of our festivities, thou wilt rule in our hearts; that thou wilt draw near to us, and bring us near to thee ; that these words of our lips, this offering of our hands may be accept¬ able service. Father, we consecrate our lives to thee, and ask thee to bless us, as thy children, in the days that are before us. 0, be pleased to give peace to these States and to this nation in all coming time. Father of mercies, so be with us that we may live peace¬ ably with all men ; teach us to forget the things that are behind, and teach us to look forward to those that are to come after. May he who is the Prince of Peace ever reign in our hearts, that we may welcome his coming, and may prepare his way. Direct us, Father, as thine own children, that in thee we may live and labor; that we may hew down mountains and lift up valleys,, that the car of the Lord may roll gloriously on ; that truth may spring out of the earth, and righteousness may look down from heaven. Hear us in our praise as we ascribe to thee the glory of every gift that comes to us. “ Glory be to God in the highest,, and on earth Peace, Good-will to men.” Our Father who art in Heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in Earth as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. Lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. For thine is the kingdom, the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen. 446 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Immediately after tlie prayer Mayor Shurtleff stepped forward, and delivered the following warm Address of Welcome: — To this National Festival, instituted to commemorate the re¬ turn of Peace to our country, the restoration of our ancient liber¬ ties unimpaired, our national bonds of union unbroken, and our honor and credit unsullied, Boston welcomes you all most sin¬ cerely and cordially. Let this welcome extend as widely as the beneficial and glori¬ ous effects of our happy Peace can reach and be felt, that all na¬ tions and all tongues may join in the' joyful strains : and let the gladsome music of this Jubilee resound in one acclaim throughout the world, and be echoed and re-echoed to the remotest regions of the universe. Domestic strife has ended. Peace and harmony prevail. The sons of the Union rejoice in liberty and friendship. All, then, are welcome to join with us in singing the praises of the Great Ruler of events, who has vouchsafed to us the most estimable of all blessings. May the harmony of this occasion strike deep into the breasts of us all, and awaken within our nature the most sacred and lasting impressions; and may Peace and good-will forever reign triumphant! Welcome, thrice welcome are all to this our Festival of Peace. Then came the orator of the day, the Hon. Alexan¬ der H. Rice, President of the National Peace Jubilee Association, and delivered the following eloquent Ad¬ dress on the Restoration of Peace and Union: — Ladies and Gentlemen : — No one, I am sure, can be more painfully conscious than I am at this moment, how inadequate is any single voice — much more any words of mine — to give suitable expression to the sentiment of this great occasion. The scene itself in all its fixed and versa¬ tile magnificence is its best interpreter ; and no eloquence, how¬ ever lofty or descriptive, can equal the glowing inspiration of this impressive spectacle, even before a sound is uttered. There is scarcely an exhibition of physical power more imposing than a multitude of living humanity; and no display of moral grandeur is more sublime than the movement of that multitude when swayed by a common impulse and a kindred sympathy. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 447 The law of power and the law of harmony readily unite in one, whether in the domain of Nature or of Sentiment. For do we not read, that, when the virgin worlds came forth, radiant in di¬ vine glory and rich in gifts from out the everlasting solitude, at the bidding of Almighty Power, the morning stars sang their greetings together, and all the sons of God shouted for joy ? So, also, is it ordained in the affairs of men that the highest triumph of victory is the most perfect peace, — the loudest din of battle is hushed in the melody of song. In entire agreement with this thought convenes this vast assembly, larger than was ever before gathered in a single audience-room upon this continent; gathered from the East, from the West, from the North, and from the South, to blend the power of numbers and the harmony of sound, — to attune multiplied voice and instrument of every name, in sending up to Heaven and forth to men a paean of great joy over the restoration of domestic peace, and the renewal of prosperity to our common country. That country has long been in unconscious preparation for such a festival; so that the unanimity with which its announcement was received was but an animating echo of that loyal sentiment which, seven years ago, brought millions of volunteers to our battle¬ fields, when the signal-guns of Sumter, reverberating over prairie and lake, and city and hillside, made the first decisive announce, ment that the great civil war had begun. And the culmination of popular interest in the progress of the Jubilee is evinced by these waiting thousands, whose hearts throb with exultant expec¬ tation, until it shall tell its own story in the grand outburst of instrument and song. Music is a nearly universal language ; but it is the language of the emotions rather than of thought; — “ Warm, energetic, chaste, sublime ! ” — the language understood alike by man and seraph; of the proph¬ et’s harp and the angel’s lyre ; the language of devotion. It has the mystic charm of consolation to the weary soul, and fires with courage amid the terrors of the battle-field. It sings in the hum of the insect’s wing, and roars in the trembling thunders and in the ocean’s surge. It is the song of maternal love by the infant’s cradle, and it alone can utter forth the mighty torrent of a na¬ tion’s joy. But justice demands that we shall pause at the outset for a mo¬ ment’s homage to the genius which inspired the thought of this great Jubilee, and to the burning zeal and steadfast confidence 448 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. which have vitalized its execution. To Mr. P. S. Gilmore belong the crowning honors of this day, — to whose professional fame, if anything need be added, it is sufficient to say, that, while this festival, in grandeur of conception, completeness of detail and ac¬ companiment, and, as I predict, in magnificence and pathos of execution, has had no equal in modern times, if indeed it has had in any age or country, its only rival was also the offspring of his genius, and formed the double tribute of devotion to his art and of loyalty to his country, on the occasion of the inauguration of the first free State Governor of Louisiana, on the 4th of. March, 1864. I make grateful mention, also, of that queen of song whose love for her chosen art illustrates and beautifies her sex, and whose heroism transcends it while she bravely encounters these acres of space, that she may add to the marvels of this National Jubilee the matchless efforts of her thrilling and melodious voice; and, also, of those favorite native artists, some of whom linger upon our shores before reaping new rewards and plaudits in foreign climes, that they may enrich the airs and chorus with their inspir¬ ing tones. And if I refer to but one more individual among the many here who merit praise, it is because all hearts compel the tribute of our thanks to Ole Bull, who, with gratuitous service and irrepressible enthusiasm, has come into the Coliseum, instru¬ ment in hand, and with his bewitching violin, in orchestra and solo, will soon summon us all away from the cares of life to the delectable realms of fascination and enchantment. Peace is the theme of our song, — Peace the ideal goddess of our Jubilee. “Let us have peace! ” are the watchwords of-the great hero of the war, to whose military renown the country has now added the highest of civil honors. They are both a com¬ mentary upon the past and a promise of the future; they reflect a state of war or of its consequences, and they plead for perma¬ nent tranquillity. We have been taught to believe and joyfully accept the lesson, that the form of government which has come to us by inheritance is-the wisest and most beneficent which the sagacity of man has hitherto discovered ; that its principles are the gathered harvests of the fields of social science and the best experience of centuries of national failures and successes, em- * bodied in a new declaration of human rights, whose promulgation marked a new epoch in human affairs. But few of the concep¬ tions of men are perfect, and even newly discovered principles, true in themselves, are not always susceptible of incorporation into active forms which immediately produce their highest and GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 449 most salutary results. Whether, in framing the Federal Consti¬ tution, the conditions of civilization in the Colonies admitted of forming u a more perfect Union,” which should be free from every element of future discord, is a question which can now be dis¬ cussed to no practically useful end. It is well to remember gratefully that the new principles, when enunciated, commanded the almost universal consent and admiration of mankind; and that whatever distrust existed respecting them grew out of the infirmities of human nature, and not out of the everlasting truths which the “ Declaration” proclaimed; and that the elements of discord which have since appeared were not embodied in the Declaration of Independence, nor in the Constitution, but were incidental to the condition of society in some sections of the coun¬ try, and were then deemed so insignificant in importance that their eradication might safely be left to the operation of natural causes. How fatal was this mistake, more than three hundred thousand new-made graves — but just now decorated with the beautiful flowers of this vernal season, and wet with the glisten¬ ing tears of weeping kindred — are the most solemn and elo¬ quent testimony. Nevertheless, four generations of men, through a period of more than seventy years of almost uninterrupted peace, witnessed the growth of a nation upon the foundation thus laid, from a population of three millions to more than thirty mil¬ lions of people, embracing Commonwealths which presented high¬ er forms of social privilege than had ever before been enjoyed by the masses among any people, — a nation whose agriculture was sufficient to feed half the civilized world, —the surplus of whose textiles was the main source of supply for the factories of Eng¬ land, and the tonnage of whose commerce was greater than that of any other nation on the globe. In the circle of its domestic industry flourished the arts of every name. Invention seemed to unveil the hidden treasures of her great arcana before it and to invite spoliation. Its free schools, besides teaching and disci¬ plining the intellects of all conditions of society, blossomed and ripened into a literature rich in every department of human thought and knowledge. As from its workshops and factories came men who have reformed the conditions of manual labor, by compelling the elements of nature to toil with engine and pulley, so from its academic groves Fame has transferred to conspicuous niches in her golden temple poets and orators, historians and' sculptors, mathematicians and divines, and recrowned their lau¬ relled brows with the perennial glories of immortality. Plenty filled the public treasury to overflowing. Prosperity welcomed 29 450 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Poverty as she landed in its seaports, giving her farms and em¬ ployment in exchange for rags, and meting out to her children salvation from an orphanage of wretchedness. Such, in brief, was at least one aspect of our country before the great war of 1861 ; and such it might have been in all its aspects. For the causes of the war are not to be found in the falsity of any of the principles of the Declaration, nor in the provisions of the Consti¬ tution, nor in any impracticability of the ideal conception of our government. The war was rendered possible only by deficien¬ cies in the fundamental law, which were magnified into impor¬ tance mainly by events which originated after it was adopted. It was, nevertheless, not only one of the most stupendous wars of history, and one of the most lamentable in that it was a domes¬ tic civil war; but the value of its historic teaching lies in the fact that it was not a war ai’ising from the ambition of rival sov¬ ereigns, nor a war for conquest, nor a war of retaliation, but a war into which were cast the essential ideas of popular liberty in their broadest application. The great argument had been made in Senate and forum. The appeal had been carried to public opinion and to public suffrage. In short, the hour had struck in the belfry of the ages when the rights of human nature inexorably demanded that another step forward should be taken ; and the way led through an indivisible sea of blood. Into its surging billows millions of men leaped with agile ferocity; they grappled and dashed at each others’ throats with sabre and bayonet. Infantry, cavalry, artillery, fort, frigate, and gunboat, poured in the terrible missiles of de¬ struction. Death gloated over the carnage of his new implements of monitor-ships, and mammoth guns, and minie balls, and repeat¬ ing rifles. Dauntless bravery, intrepid courage, consummate skill, more than Roman firmness or Spartan courage, charac¬ terized the conflict. The gory torrents overflowed the land, dashed through the streets of our cities, spread over our farms and villages, and left their memorial stains upon almost every home. Mourning here, — desolation there, — debt everywhere ! Such was the scene ! Such the contrast against seventy years of peace! With bated breath we anxiously ask, Will the new peace be permanent ? As the causes of the war did not lie in the essential principles of the government, nor, strictly speaking, in errors of administra¬ tion, but in influences and institutions which no longer have power or existence upon this continent, it is safe to say that the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 451 same causes can never lead to another conflict of arms. More¬ over, whatever differences of interpretation respecting the powers of the separate States and the legitimate authority of the National Union, as a supreme government, were open subjects of discus¬ sion and controversy before the war, have been definitely settled. Slavery and secession are no longer questions within the arena of American politics. The country has passed on to a stage beyond them, — to its higher life of Freedom and Union ; and is preparing already for that new and glorious career which its geographical position, its internal riches and resources, and the opportunities of this epoch in the affairs of men, have secured to it. Moreover, while it is true that a government which depends for its defence and existence, as well as for its authority, upon the consent of the citizens, must necessarily engender that jealousy of its honor and the self-reliance and patriotic devotion which are the essence and spirit of military success, yet the people of this country cannot in any other just sense be called a military peo¬ ple. The facility with which they learn the science of war and the marvellous precision and energy with which they conduct martial campaigns, have indeed been shown on a scale of stupendous and tragical magnificence, which, if it have no other benefit, will be a stronger element of national security than a whole coast-line of fortifications. But still the taste of Americans is not for war and conquest, but for the pursuits of agriculture and commerce, and for the manifold forms of domestic employment and the higher arts of social and civil life. Not all the heroes whom the war has made have sensibly affect¬ ed the general indifference to the profession of arms. Greater se¬ curity than ever is felt in dispensing with a large standing army ; and the value of the navy is already estimated more in its rela¬ tions to its present and future service in the channels of com¬ merce, than of its probable importance or necessity for national defence. Americans have been taught self-reliance by the experi¬ ence of the late war; and, beyond the nucleus of an army and navy, which may expand in a ratio commensurate with the growth of the country, they have committed their security to the intellectual and physical vigor and valor of the people, and to the organizing skill and leadership of military commanders, whenever an exigency for martial service may occur. For many years previous to the recent war there was a certain latent but painful apprehension among not a few of our sagacious statesmen that the most dangerous element to the Republic, next 452 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. to slavery, would be found in the future expansion of its territory ; that the weight of the general government rested so lightly upon the States that its binding force was in danger of being overcome by local diversities of opinion and interest; and that we might consequently have, in the not distant future, an Atlantic and a Pacific Republic, and a Northern and a Southern separation, if, indeed, there should not be a disintegration of the glorious Union into a congeries of petty Republics like those of Central America itself; and'that this separation was almost certain to be accomplished by a series of wars, at least as numerous as the di¬ visions made. But with the restoration of peace all that appre¬ hension has fled ; because the war has demonstrated that there is no danger in homogeneous expansion, and has purified the Re¬ public as by fire, eradicating the real elements of dissolution. The giants of the forest in their infancy might have been crushed beneath the tread of the hunter; but in their maturer growth they toss him among the smallest of their branches and wrestle playfully with the winds and storms. Peace has not come by a compromise which might have left within the country the seeds of still mightier wars in future years. Nor is it a peace in which the different sections of the country shall be held at bay by military power, as Prance restrains Eng¬ land, and Prussia restrains France, and England reciprocally re¬ strains both. But it is a peace resting upon the immutable basis of justice and humanity, upon a common interpretation of the fun¬ damental law, and upon a more homogeneous civilization in the States. In fact, now for the first time in our history is beginning to be fulfilled the prophetic vision of that Republic whose founda¬ tions were laid in the Declaration of Independence, and for the rearing of whose superstructure the patriots of the Revolution thought it glory and gain to die. How thoroughly public opinion has changed respecting the dangers from an extension of territoi'y is manifest in the fact that every acre of the vast interior of the continent, held but recently as an unknown wilderness, and occu¬ pied only by wild beasts and savage men, has now been organ¬ ized under the forms of civil government, with its representatives or delegates in the National Congress ; and to these embryo States the policy of the Government invites unlimited immigra¬ tion by inducements which it is in the power of no other country to present. Furthermore, not content with possessing the whole Pacific slope, from British Columbia to Mexico, within a twelve- month Congress has ratified with remarkable unanimity the pur¬ chase of the entire Russian possessions on this continent. And GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 453 the pending negotiations with Denmark for the Island of St. Thomas are the crowning testimony that, whatever were the grounds for alarm at the expansion of the national domain, they have wholly disappeared. If it be the destiny of the United States ultimately to absorb the whole habitable parts of the continent of North America, as present indications signify, I believe this will be done, whether from necessity or the choice of those concerned, with entire safety to the National Union, and also by those honorable and peaceful means which accord with the spirit and civilization of this age. Nor will it be surprising if the tendency to centralization, which some intelligent statesmen now look upon with a fear correspond¬ ing to that of the opposite tendency before the war, should soon be seen to be but the necessary, as it is the strongest possible, guaranty of cohesive unity under the expanding vigor of the great Continental Republic. The strongest elements of power are diversity in unity ; the rope of many strands holds under the greatest tension ; and the diversity of our climate, products, and pursuits, blending together, as they do, in the interests of com¬ merce and defence, will be a great pacific bond coincident with the longitude of the continent, not less strong and enduring than is that wonder of enterprise coincident with its lines of latitude, — the rightly named Pacific Railroad. The founders of this Republic counted much upon its isolation, ocean-wide from the political complications of the Old World, as a means of national and international peace. Such was undoubted¬ ly a necessary and providential condition in their day ; but it must be confessed that security only thus obtained would be bought at the price of national insignificance; and so long as that kind of security was coveted, the monarchies of Europe made small account of this government in the equations of political power. The clipper ship, the steamship, and the telegraph, in their turn, have done much in recent years toward bringing this country into greater prominence in this respect. But the appear¬ ance of a new sun in the heavens could not more alter the phases of nature than have the results of the great war, whose close we commemorate, changed the political relations of this country to the rest of mankind. Not only for ourselves has the inevitable test of republican institutions been made, but for them; and in that test the almost uniform history of rebellions and of republics has been reversed; so that the great fact has at last been in¬ scribed, as with letters of fire in the sky, that a government rest¬ ing upon the consent of the governed has survived a trial that 454 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. would have shaken to its foundations the strongest monarchy of the world ; and that it has come out of the bloody ordeal a thou¬ sand fold stronger than when it entered. Of such a people there can be no insignificant estimate in the future, either by monarchs or common men. It would savor of vain boasting to say that the seat of political power has already changed from the Old World to the New ; but it would be untrue only in the same sense that it would be to an¬ nounce the approach of sunrise when it is only the dawn of day. As well might we attempt to stop the car of Phoebus at the gates of Aurora as to stay “the course of empire” on its “westward way.” There is not at this hour a first-class power in Europe which is not sensibly affected, both in its policy with other nations and in its domestic administration, by the new and increasing im¬ portance of the United States. And to their honor and our grati¬ fication it may be said that this .great influence arises not more from a just appreciation of the gigantic military resources of this nation than from the moral grandeur of its position and the force of its example. Within a few days past it has been stated to me by an authority which I consider inferior to none in this country, that, notwithstanding the known policy of peace on the part of this government toward England in the honorable settlement of the Alabama claims, the representative of one of the four great powers of Europe, himself among the ablest of living diplomatists, had declared that, so long as these claims shall remain an open question between the United States and Great Britain, the influ¬ ence of the latter must be regarded as materially weakened in the councils upon European affairs. And the same authority, also, while commending the telegraphic congratulation of the Prime Minister of Prussia to the President of the United States, on the day of his recent inauguration, as an act of unparalleled inter¬ national courtesy, and as a just tribute to his exalted character and position, saw in the despatch, also, the unmistakable signs of diplomatic significance. I shall abate nothing from the measure of our united affection and respect for the great Admiral of our navy, whose presence here to-day, with that of his brave compeers in march and in bat¬ tle, on land and sea, adds dignity and grace to this Jubilee, as their deeds add lustre to the fame of their country, if I say that the imperial honors lavished upon him in his recent expedition were the world’s admiring tribute alike to the man and to the flag which floated above him. The Atlantic Ocean, with its steamers in eight days from Euro- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 455 pean to American seaports, and beneath whose freighted waters the messages of intercommunication outrun the speed of the earth in her revolutions, is no longer an appreciable barrier to recipro¬ cal influence. On the other hand, all eyes are already turning to the Pacific Ocean as the field of an immense Oriental and American commerce in the immediate future. The civilization of the West is crossing the Pacific. Like an Angel of Resurrection it stands knocking at the gates of China and Japan, and with clarion tones proclaims the tidings that a new era has dawned upon the world. And from their myriad populations will come countless thousands to meet the hardy emigration of Europe, and the intelligence, en¬ terprise, and energy of the American mind, in working the mate¬ rials and in utilizing the facilities of this vast continent under influences favorable to the highest progress and achievements of the race. The imagination aspires to grasp, but fails in the effort to con¬ ceive of the possible greatness of a free and united people occu¬ pying a territory almost boundless in geographical extent, diver¬ sified in climate and productions, and rich in the nameless treas¬ ures of Nature, — a country located between the two great com¬ mercial oceans of the world; drawing to itself the long-buried secrets and agencies of Oriental civilization, and the arts and dis¬ coveries of the most polished nations of modern times ; in popula¬ tion practically numberless ; advanced in education, literature, science, refinement, and Christianity, and stimulated by every in¬ centive that can appeal to the interest, taste, ambition, or sense .of duty among men. The opportunity for this great example of human progress and achievement but just now hung suspended amid the crises of the battle-field. For a while it shared the vicissitudes of loss and re¬ covery, of victory and defeat, with the fortunes of War. We commemorate the end of war and the establishment of a national peace which secures this opportunity to posterity, and to our¬ selves the unnumbered blessings of this land of freedom. Ladies and gentlemen, fellow countrymen and countrywomen from every quarter and of every condition, we rejoice with you in this great and beneficent consummation. We greet you with cordial benedictions. Let the multitudinous harmonies of these days of jubilee symbolize a real unity of friendship and brother¬ hood which shall be universal and unending. We bid you God¬ speed in a new career of honors and usefulness ; and we invoke for our beloved and common country that righteousness which exalteth a Nation, and which is able to keep the foundations of 456 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. the Republic secure, until the final triumph of Peace and Virtue on the earth can be celebrated only in that greater Jubilee of the “innumerable company,” whose hallelujahs shall roll in seraphic sweetness with the ages through the eternal years. At the close of Mr. Rice’s oration, — which was lis¬ tened to with marked attention, and frequently inter¬ rupted with applause, — came the anxious moment to which all had been looking forward with mingled feel¬ ings of awe and admiration, — the moment that the great music should fall upon the ear and fill the hearts of all. The honor of inaugurating this part of the cere¬ monies was — through the kindness of the committees — conferred upon the projector; and although he did not share in the doubts and fears so widely entertained regarding the result, although his soul had been aglow a thousand times as in imagination he revelled in the scenes and heard the glorious music which was now about to be realized, yet he was not the less serious¬ ly impressed with the great importance and responsi¬ bility which attached to the moment, to the occasion, to the first move, the first outburst of harmony, the first impressions, the first result of the “ great experi¬ ment.” During the preliminary exercises the artists and con¬ ductors of the day were awaiting the “call” in one of the large rooms beneath the stage. While there, Mr. Gilmore suggested to Carl Rosa the good effect of the latter’s taking one of the violins, — there were plenty of spare ones, some of the musicians having two, — and going to the front with Ole Bull, who honored the occa¬ sion by accepting an invitation to appear as leader of the orchestra. Without ceremony the accomplished Rosa — who had just arrived, and escorted his distinguished wife to her room — accepted the suggestion; an instrument was procured, and at the close of the oration, when the GREAT MUSTCAL FESTIVAL. 457 word “ All ready ” was given, these two eminent artists ascended the steps at the rear of the orchestra with violins in hand, and proceeded through the acre of instrumentalists to the front of the stage. The first sight of Ole Bull called forth loud and prolonged ap¬ plause, and the unannounced and unexpected appear¬ ance of Carl Rosa gave additional pleasure to all, and increased the furor with which their appearance was greeted, which continued until both artists were in their seats at the front. Next came the projector, and he may, without ego¬ tism or vanity, say that it was the proudest moment of his life. Thousands were there who, months before, had looked upon his proposition for this grand ‘Festival as an illusion, and who had considered him insane; thou¬ sands were there who had doubted its feasibility, and would neither encourage nor subscribe a dollar in its early struggle to its realization; thousands who never expected to see it come to pass; and hundreds of writ¬ ers and critics from afar, many of whom, up to that time, had spurned the idea, and impressed the public with the feeling that it could only result in chaos and musical failure; — there they were to hear and to see ; and whatever disapproval or misgivings had filled their minds before, whatever they might have said against the projector and his “visionary” scheme, all, all gen¬ erously forgot at this moment, and orchestra, chorus, and audience united in giving him a welcome of which he might well feel proud, — a welcome that lifted clouds of sadness from his heart, let in the sunshine of sweet sympathy, and obliterated every unkind thought, if such he ever entertained towards those who strove to prevent and destroy the realization of this the greatest effort of his life. After bowing his acknowledgments to the vast audi- 458 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ence for the grateful and encouraging reception given him, he could have said, if lie had uttered the senti¬ ments of his soul: — “ Ladies and gentlemen, my sold is filled with grati¬ tude for the hearty and generous reception with which you have greeted me to-day. I accept it in the fullest spirit as a manifestation of your sympathy for one who, for a time, labored alone, inspired with the belief that this day, this hour, this moment, and this mag¬ nificent scene would surely come to pass. “ But while I thank you for your spontaneous and friendly recognition of my humble efforts, 1 would be unmindful of my duty, forgetful of the obligations I am under, and unworthy the position in which I am now placed, did I not call to your notice, and impress upon your minds, the fact that you are chiefly indebted to the little band who are seated in your midst — the members of the Executive Committee of the National Peace Jubilee Association — for the realization of the grand Festival you are here to enjoy to-day. Imagina¬ tion may paint the most gorgeous and beautiful scenes, such as this; but after all, nothing but labor and sub¬ stantial aid, nothing but strong hands, strong hearts, and strong pockets, can bring such scenes into exist¬ ence. These ‘ qualifications ’ the gentlemen whom I have mentioned not only possess, but brought to the support and rescue of the Peace Jubilee when it was trembling for succor and for life. While to these gen¬ tlemen the highest honor is due, the other committees who have so ably co-operated with the Executive Com¬ mittee, and the many who have filled offices of respon¬ sibility and otherwise aided in giving shape to the enterprise, merit your warmest recognition and ac¬ knowledgment. “ But how can I express to you my appreciation of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 459 the noble services rendered in preparing for this Fes¬ tival by the ‘immortal ten thousand/ and the noble artists who form the magnificent spectacle you now see before you! “For weeks and months this heavenly-looking choir have given their time and their hearts to the study of the sublime music with which they are now so well prepared to inspire you; and while you gaze upon this beautiful scene with almost reverential awe, and ex¬ press your admiration and congratulations in the fullest measure of heartfelt applause, let us remember that to One alone , the Omnipotent God , all honor , all glory , and all praise are due. The inspiration came from him, to be offered up as a fitting expression of the national heart to commemorate the joyous return of Peace. In his name we are here to-day to affix the broad seal of harmony to the Divine Will, which has secured to you and to your children, and to your children’s children for all ages to come, a land free from bondage and op¬ pression ; where, like the trees and the flowers, the herbs and the fruit, and everything that springeth into existence under the broad sunlight of Heaven, man¬ kind can find room to grow and generate without crushing, absorbing, or destroying his neighbor’s right to the privileges which, in the sight of God, are for the benefit and elevation of the one as well as the other, — for the benefit of all who breathe the breath of life. May it be the will of Providence that the nation which has offered up such sacrifices for its own existence, cut¬ ting out with the sword the only sore upon its breast, and casting into a river of blood the only cause for dissension or disagreement, — may that nation now be¬ come a garden of happiness from one extreme to the other, and every member of its great family unite in forgetting the trials and persecutions which all have 460 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. equally borne in tlie late upheaving of human na¬ ture to right itself. “ To inaugurate this new era of brotherly love you are here to-day from all parts of the land ; you have lis¬ tened to the prayer of the minister of the Gospel, and to the addresses of the orators of the day, now give ear to an expression of the universal language of the soul, — the language which cannot fail to unite all hearts in harmony; and since the morning stars sang together, and the angels proclaimed the coming of the new-born Prince of Peace, there has never been heard upon earth such a glorious song of praise and rejoicing as shall transport your hearts with delight.” These were the sentiments and the feelings which filled the heart of the projector to overflowing during the few moments taken by the great audience in giv¬ ing him a more than generous welcome. He had been before some of them as individuals frequently, pleading for the cause which for a time had so few advocates ; now he was before them, his heart filled with gratitude towards all for the favors he had re¬ ceived, and was about to inaugurate The Musical Exercises of the Peace Jubilee. The first piece upon the programme was Luther’s grand choral, GOD IS A CASTLE AND DEFENCE. For Full Chorus, Organ, Orchestra, and Military Bands. The first peal of the organ was the signal to the chorus and orchestra to prepare; the ten thousand singers arose, and the thousand musicians placed their instruments in position. All eyes were now directed to the uplifted baton; chorus, organ, and orchestra were to come in fortissimo at its very first move. For a GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 461 moment all seemed hushed into breathless silence. Then — “ In the name of God ” — the wand came down, and the grandest volume of song that ever filled hu¬ man ear rolled like a sea of sound through the im¬ mense building ; grander and grander came wave after wave, now loud as the roar of the ocean, now soft as the murmuring stream. 0 how beautiful, how pure, how heavenly ! what sublime chords, what ravishing harmonies ! Not a jarring note from first to last, but like the mingling of many waters, organ, voices, instruments, all blended together in one noble flood of music, sweeping away forever in its mighty and majes¬ tic flow every vestige of doubt and fear, and carrying upon its swelling tide joy to all hearts, and bearing the fact to the world abroad of a glorious triumph for art and for the musical people of America. The instant the music ceased there was an immense outburst of applause; the question of “ feasibility ” was decided; the entire audience felt relieved of a great weight of anxiety; and, as if to heighten the glory of the occasion, the bright sun, which had been under a cloud all day, now shone upon the scene, its golden lustre streaming in through every aperture like rays from heaven, while upon the wings of light¬ ning the news sped to all parts of the land that the “ great experiment,” the great Musical Festival, the great Peace Jubilee, had passed the threshold of doubt, and was most successfully and auspiciously inaugurated. The second piece upon the programme was WAGNER’S OVERTURE TO TANNHAUSER. This was played by a chosen band of Six Hundred performers, under the baton of Julius Eichberg; and his appearance upon the conductor’s stand gave the great- 462 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. est pleasure to all who admire modest merit, true mu¬ sical genius, and genuine artistic ability. The beauties of Wagner’s magnificent overture were never developed with such fine effect before. The fulness of the instruments in all the parts enabled Mr. Eichberg to bring out every figure clear and bold; and in the finale , where the brass (which was largely increased for this grand climax) take up the principal theme fortissimo in unison, and the strings come in, rushing through the stately choral like a whirlwind through the forest, the effect was highly inspiring. The performance was received with a storm of ap¬ plause, and was a grand triumph for the orchestra, the conductor, and for Wagner. The third piece was the GLORIA, FROM MOZART’S TWELFTH MASS. For Full Chorus, Organ, and Orchestra. The able and experienced conductor, Carl Zerrahn, assumed the baton in this piece, and his appearance created a furor as great as ever welcomed musical chieftain. The Gloria was a severe test for the chorus. Ten Thousand voices could not move with the celerity of a church choir, and from an inclination on the part of some of the singers to hasten while others retarded the time, it seemed at one moment as if the chorus would go to pieces; but under the firm lead of Mr. Zerrahn, who marked the stately measure with force and inspiration, the whole body soon came under sub¬ jection, and the four parts moved along majestically to the close. The effect of this — one of the best choruses ever written — was grand, and elicited the warmest applause of the audience. GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 463 The fourth piece was GOUNOD’S AVE MARIA. For Voice, Violin Obbligato, Piano, Organ, and Orchestra. At the proper moment the Queen of Song, Madame Parepa-Rosa, made her appearance; and as she came down through the orchestra to the front of the plat¬ form, she received an ovation from band, chorus, and audience of which any queen might well feel proud. When the applause subsided the arpeggio figure origi¬ nally for piano, which runs through the whole piece, was taken up, pizzicato , by Thirty cellos and Thirty violas; then came the organ, leading into the theme, usually played by one instrument, but now by Two Hundred Violinists. The effect of this great body of strings in unison, playing the beautiful and plaintive melody, is indescribable; they reach the climax, the orchestra comes in with a full accord, and now the voice takes up the theme just played by the Two Hundred violins, while they perform the obbligato. How beautifully the crystal voice of Madame Rosa soars over all! how steadily she sustains every tone ! hear the violins follow and repeat the measures she has just sung! with what expression and agitation she appeals to Maria, Maria, adding the fervor of inspired song to the beautiful prayer, while the violins are wailing be¬ neath. Now they go together, the cellos and violas snap the pizzicato stronger, the organ and orchestra in¬ crease their forte; and with full power the voice and Two Hundred violins ascend to the upper B natural. 0, what a magnificent effect! what heavenly music ! what a superb voice! Now comes the diminuendo; what sweet sadness in every tone ! Amen, Amen ; it seems as if the music is weeping, when through the thrilling tremolando is heard the final Amen. 464 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Never, never was there anything more beautiful than this; the vast audience and the Ten Thousand singers made the welkin ring again and again, while the wav¬ ing of handkerchiefs from the remotest corner of the building testified that, according to measurement, the incomparable voice of Madame Parepa-Rosa was fully proven to be “five hundred feet long, three hundred feet wide, and a hundred feet high.” Next came the National Air, THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER. For Full Chorus, with Organ, Orchestra, Military Band, Drum-Corps, Chiming of Bells, and Cannon Accompaniment. After an introductory symphony the first stanza of the first verse was taken up by about Twenty-five Hundred bass voices in unison, next came all the tenors in the second stanza, and then the full cho¬ rus. In the rendering of this verse the orchestra got “mixed” for a few moments, and came near “smash¬ ing up.” The parts had never been played from before, and in consequence of four measures, which by accident were marked repeat, and should not be so, the chorus went on all right, while the orchestra were four measures behind. This was a frightful moment for the writer, who was conducting at the time. How¬ ever, it fortunately happened that the harmony was about the same, and with the exception of a few, no¬ body knew there was anything wrong, and the mem¬ bers of the Band discovering the error, avoided the repetition after the first verse. There was no time to run over the orchestra parts in the morning, but this was a proof that even the simplest thing should not be produced in public without a rehearsal of all the parts. The second verse went beautifully, and was sung by all the sopranos and altos in duet, ending with the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 465 full chorus. The first stanza of the last verse was suns; by all the tenors and basses in unison, and the second stanza by the same voices in duet. Then came the full chorus with all the power of the organ, orchestra, military band, drum-corps, bells, and cannon accom¬ paniment. It would be impossible to describe the effect which the national air produced, rendered as above. No sooner had it closed than the entire audience arose, giving vent to a perfect storm of applause. Such en¬ thusiasm never was known in any assemblage before. The piece had to be repeated, and its second hearing created another scene of wild delight. The peculiar effect of such vast numbers singing in unison and in duet was wonderful, but when in the last chorus all the elements of sound were let loose, and the cannon came booming in at the touch of the electrician, as prompt as the sound of the bass-drum, the audience unanimously proclaimed that “ Old Glory” was a wonderful institution set to music. This being the end of the first part, a general stand- up fraternization and interchange of congratulations took place; the entire audience, chorus, and band were alike astonished and delighted with the result; those who had devoted all their days to the profession never experienced anything like it before. Even the old violinist who came three thousand miles to attend the Festival, — all the way from Germany, — opened his eyes with surprise and admiration, and enthusiastically declared that the Old World had never known any¬ thing to equal this fest of Young America. The tele¬ graph office at the Press Headquarters was immedi¬ ately besieged by parties sending private and public despatches to all parts of the country. One gentle¬ man, in sending a message to his wife, said, “ Come on; 30 466 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. immediately by first train. Will sacrifice anything to have you here. Nothing like it in a lifetime.” After a short intermission a prelude on the great organ gave the signal that the second part of the pro¬ gramme was about to commence. It opened with a HYMN OF PEACE, BY DR. OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES. Written especially for this occasion, and adapted to the music of Keller’s American Hymn. For Full Chorus, Organ, Orchestra, and Military Bands. The first verse was sung by the full chorus moder¬ ately loud; the second, soft; and the last with full power. The appropriateness of the words seemed to inspire the entire chorus; and with the organ and a thousand instruments in the accompaniments, the hymn produced a sublime effect. The audience were as much delighted with this as with any piece upon the programme. The next number was ROSSINI’S OVERTURE TO WILLIAM TELL. For Full Orchestra, Six Hundred Performers. This was the crowning orchestral triumph of the day. Never did this grand overture have such a ren¬ dering before. The corps of cellos gave out a beauti¬ ful, rich tone in the first three-part movement; then came the storm scene, which was worked up to a per¬ fect musical hurricane, and after this the delightful andante for oboe and fiute. This was played by Twelve oboes in unison, Sixteen flutes playing the obbligato . The great volume of tone produced by those instru¬ ments was both rich and novel in its effect, and de¬ li oh ted even the members of the orchestra, to whom © # this multiplication of flutes and oboes in unison was something new, — an innovation upon the usual cus- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 467 tom. The last movement, opening with Twelve trum¬ pets and Sixteen French horns, came in with an in¬ spiring military effect, and it was one of the greatest treats to hear the hundred and twenty first-violinists play the splendid figures in this movement. The whole overture, from beginning to end, went like clock-work, and roused the audience to a high state of enthusiasm. Next in the order of the programme was the INFLAMMATUS, FROM ROSSINI’S STABAT MATER. Sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa, With Full Chorus, Organ, and Orchestral Accompaniment. The rendering of this piece was truly magnificent. The ten thousand voices produced an immense body of sound in the unison passages, but the effect was marvellous and thrilling where the whole concentrated power of organ, orchestra, and chorus comes on an inverted chord of the diminished seventh at the climax of the long unison fortissimos. In this piece Madame Rosa made the greatest sensation of the day. From first to last her voice was full of power and inspira¬ tion, but when at the close she sustained the upper C, which was clearly heard soaring over all to the very end, the applause was tumultuous. It had to be repeated. After the Inflammatus came the CORONATION MARCH FROM THE PROPHET By Meyerbeer. For One Thousand Performers, Orchestra and Military Bands combined. This grand march lost some of its majesty by the tempo being taken altogether too slow, and near the close the drums and trumpets hastened so much that it barely escaped an untimely end. Nevertheless, the 468 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. full thousand instruments gave forth an immense body of harmony, which would have produced a better result had the original tempo been more closely adhered to. Next came the scene from 11 Trovatore, introducing VERDI’S ANVIL CHORUS. For Chorus, Organ, Orchestra, Military Bands, Drum-Corps, Anvil, Bell, and Cannon Accompaniment. The anvils were arranged in two rows, running down through the orchestra from rear to front. Very soon the military step of the “ Anvil Brigade ” was heard, and the first sight of the red-shirted hundred at the “ shoulder hammer ” marching down to the front in two rows, fifty feet apart, was the signal for loud ap¬ plause. Arriving in position they halted, faced in¬ wards, and down came the hundred hammers like one upon the anvils. This first “ automatic ” move made a good “ impression,” and people began to think that even the hundred firemen thoroughly understood the part they had to “ play.” The moment the signal “ atten¬ tion ” was given to the orchestra, the “ one hundred pounders,” with hammers resting upon the anvils, stood as if they were so many statues. The music com¬ menced ; at the proper moment the hammers were raised, and the opposite fifties alternating right and left came in on time, ding, dong, ding, dong, with a uniformity and precision that astonished everybody. The piece goes through twice without stopping, the band have commenced it for the second time ; the hammers did their part so far like clock-work; they will soon be at it again. The ten thousand singers rise, — they did not sing the first time, — all the mil¬ itary bands are preparing to come in on the chorus, the hammers go up once more; down they come, right and left again, two measures before the chorus are GEE AT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 469 heard; now the ten thousand voices in unison pour out the familiar strain, the great organ gives its whole strength, all the brass play the melody, while nearly three hundred of the violin family sweep across the strings and across the time in full accords, great and small drums alternate in steady beats, and the cannon are booming in exact time on the first of the measure; the effect is immense, and the whole thing is going * magnificently; now comes the finale , and just in the right place bang, bang go the cannon on the last two notes. The audience arose en masse, and a perfect roar of tumultuous applause followed the performance of the Anvil Chorus. Those who feared that the effect of such music would be next to bedlam were about right; but it was the delighted audience, old and young, grave and gay, who were raising bedlam; up on the seats, waving handkerchiefs, throwing up hats, — in fact, the entire audience, high-art critics and all, joined in the uproar. During the exciting scene the hundred anvil- beaters marched out, but the audience were deter¬ mined that they should march in and go through with it again; and when they were seen once more ap¬ proaching from the rear, shout upon shout went up until they reached their position. The whole piece was performed as before, with even better effect than at first; and again the audience renewed the evidence of their pleasure in boisterous demonstrations. It would make no difference where this performance had taken place, whether in London, Paris, Leipsic, Berlin, Vienna, or Florence; if brought out as it was on this occasion, and in presence of such a multitude of people, the applause would have been the same. It was well done; was got up to please the popular taste, and it succeeded so well in doing this that even the 470 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. coldest critics admitted that it was a wonderful per¬ formance, a wonderful effect, and the manner in which it was presented fully justified its introduction in a people’s musical festival. The closing piece of the day was that grandest and most majestic of all national airs, GOD SAVE THE QUEEN. Americanized by the adoption of Rev. J. F. Smith’s popular words, “ My country, ’t is of thee, Sweet land of liberty.” For Full Chorus, Organ, Orchestra, Military Bands, Drum-Corps, Bell, and Cannon Accompaniment. This grand choral never received such a rendering before ; the entire audience rose during its perform¬ ance, and all joined in singing the last verse, while the cannon boomed with unerring precision, adding majes¬ ty to the inspiring measure. At the end of this, the first grand concert of the Peace Jubilee, there was a general hand-shaking, and the most hearty congratulations were heaped upon everybody connected with the Festival on the great success of the inaugural entertainment. Audience, chorus, and band commenced pouring into the streets; the good news of the day went from lip to lip and from ear to ear, and the entire city were in the happiest mood rejoicing over the fait accompli. On the evening of the first day the city of Boston was proud of its achievement; nothing was to be heard in private or in public but which in some way was con¬ nected with the doings at the Coliseum. Nobody knew in the morning what the day might bring forth; but in the evening strangers and citizens were alike enthu¬ siastic at the grand result, and none were more loud in GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 471 their praises than the musical critics and musical people who had previously doubted the success of the experi¬ ment. The various committees, and all who had any charge or interest in the Jubilee, were justly happy with the glorious success, and it is scarcely necessary to add, that the projector was not the least delighted among the number. Indeed, he may in truth confess that for many, many months he had not experienced such ease of mind and quiet repose as upon this night; and like many others who were laboring zealously in the cause, and very much fatigued after the excessive duties of the day, he “ retired to private life ” at an early hour. The following comments of the press will give the reader a full and clear impression of the scene at the Coliseum, and the effect of the first day’s performances. From the Boston Post, June 16. THE JUBILEE. The National Peace Jubilee began yesterday. The occasion was one of equal success, splendor, extent, and novelty. It was beyond all comparison the grandest musical scheme ever at¬ tempted on the American continent, and its initiatory perform¬ ance fully justified the most sanguine expectations of its most ardent supporters and friends. So great a success fitly commem¬ orated the restoration of Peace and Harmony throughout the land. A Jubilee of music in the interests of Peace,—what ele¬ ment so beautiful and befitting ? What so adapted to soothe into coveted oblivion those animosities ‘and hatreds which once dis¬ tracted and divided a nation, and then reddened its soil with the best blood of its people ? What more inspiring spectacle than that which gathered in the Coliseum yesterday to inaugurate a series of entertainments prepared with so much care for the will¬ ing ears of the nation, — gathered to forgive and forget the past, and partake, as it were, at a common table of a banquet served for the nation, wherever its bounds ? Nothing could have been more impressive and happy. Music in its most dulcet strains was wafted through the outreaching area of the gigantic struc¬ ture, and to this was added the voice of patriotic eloquence and 472 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. imploring prayer. The choicest musical talent of the land came up to join its divinest harmony, and the strong voices of thou¬ sands united to roll on the vast tide of song. Nothing so grand in extent, nothing so mighty in effect, ever before greeted the ear of an American on his own soil, nor probably has its grandeur and stupendousness ever before been heard in any nation at any time. Most fitly, we repeat, does it commemorate the union of a once dissevered country, and join in the bands of a glorious harmony a separated people. Peace Jubilee,—rightly is it named. All credit to Boston that this splendid event is cele¬ brated within its own borders ; and all honor to Boston that the enterprise was projected by a Bostonian. And more than the rest combined, honor to P. S. Gilmore, its now fame-crowned originator. Apart from the significance of the event which the Jubilee commemorates, it has a most interesting if not important musical aspect. The assembling of one thousand musicians from the best talent of the nation,—the union of eight hundred vocal organi¬ zations represented by some fifteen thousand more or less accom¬ plished singers,—is not this of itself an achievement over which to justly boast, and which will assume a proud place in history? Difficulties and labors without number have from the first been an expected if not an inevitable part of the great enterprise ; but perhaps nothing has involved more, and that of so formidable a character, as this bringing together a nation of performers and a world of singers. But whatever the number or character, — however impossible it was pronounced, — the miracle, if such it was, has been accomplished. It is a great, grand historical fact. The planning, aching brain, the working hand, the sleepless nights, and driving days have at length culminated in a success which will challenge the admiration of the nation, if not of the world. Many a body rested last night easily for the first hour in many months. Let us all unite in a Jubilee of congratulation that the toilsome night is passed, and the strong light of day is shining. Achievements of such magnitude, and involving so many interests, are rarely accomplished in the nature of things. Any approach to it will hardly be realized for the next half-cen¬ tury. There is said to be a time and place for everything. Each must be fitted to the other, or neither can exist. The present was a befitting time to commemorate the restoration of Peace to the nation. Boston appears happily to have been the place. It has brought forth the beautiful and inspiriting olive-branch, and around it has been placed the magnificent garlands of harmony. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 473 May the Peace which the nation is this week so gloriously cele¬ brating know no rupture, and may the sun of a united prosperity and happiness, now shining so brightly across the continent, know no dimness and be obscured by no cloud. . . . THE PROGRAMME AND PERFORMANCE. The programme was made up with great care and its selection enlisted some of the best musical judgment in the city. It in¬ cludes the compositions of the acknowledged masters, among whom are the honored names of Mozart, Rossini, Meyerbeer, Verdi, Gounod, Luther, and others. The first performance was Luther’s choral, " God is a castle and defence,” Mr. Gilmore conducting. It was accompanied by the organ and orchestra, numbering over one thousand instruments, and with a choral force of about ten thousand. The massive and swelling measures of this grand composition were never interpreted in a more effec¬ tive and thrilling manner. The immense volume of voice joined to the great body of accompaniment, and as skilled as it was strong, made a musical utterance which was grand beyond de¬ scription. The choral has often been heard in Music Hall under the most favorable auspices, but never with any approach in effect to that which marked its production yesterday. The per¬ formance at once settled the discipline, excellence, and unison of the vast choral force. Wagner’s overture, “ Tannhauser,” was then given by an orchestra of six hundred performers, Mr. Julius Eichberg conducting. This was given superbly. The string in¬ struments were especially excellent, and their great body brought out the beauties of the overture as had probably never before been heard in America. The piccolo and flute parts were also performed admirably, and on all sides the favorite overture was thought to have been wrought with new beauties. The next upon the programme was the "Gloria” from the Twelfth Mass, Mr.. Carl Zerrahn conducting. On taking the platform Mr. Zerrahn was greeted with warm applause, the Chorus being especially demonstrative. The performance of the " Gloria” elicited hearty plaudits, and was very satisfactory to the great auditory, many of whom desired to have it repeated, which was very properly not complied with. The fourth item on the programme was the “ Ave Maria” of Gounod, sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa, Mr. Gilmore conducting. On reaching the platform, to which she was conducted by Mr. Loring B. Barnes, of the Handel and Haydn Society, she was greeted with very enthusiastic applause, the waving of handkerchiefs and other demonstrations of welcome 474 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. and delight. The violin obbligato to the solo was given by two hundred violinists. The bewitching production was never inter¬ preted in a more complete manner; Parepa’s voice was in the best condition, which may be inferred when we state that its notes were sent to every nook and corner of the spacious build¬ ing with the power seemingly of a trumpet. The occasion and opportunity were fitly and naturally improved by this great artiste to distinguish herself in a most happy effort, and the beau¬ tiful “ Ave Maria” will henceforward be embalmed in still pleas¬ anter recollections. Her magnificent voice not only swept to distant arch and wall, but rose with clear-cut distinctness and melody over the massive orchestra. The applause that followed was long and deafening, and this Queen of Song retired with cheers from audience, singers, and performers. “ The Star- Spangled Banner” was next on the programme, Mr. Gilmore conducting. It was given with an additional verse, as printed elsewhere, by Mr. W. T. W. Ball. Though not the best per¬ formance on the programme, it excited more applause than any that had previously been given. The accompaniments were the orchestra, organ, military band, and drum-corps, to which was to be added the chiming of bells and the firing of artillery. Besides the grand effect which the national air received from the magnifi¬ cent chorus and matchless instrumentalists, the novelty of bells and cannon increased its interest, and all the more so that these were given in a manner of unexcelled promptness. During the singing of the concluding stanzas the guns were fired and the bells chimed. This was done by gentlemen stationed upon the platform, — Mr. Kennard directing the bells and Mr. Mullaly the guns. Twelve guns were used, which were discharged twenty- six times during the performance. Some forty bells were used, and the whole was manipulated by electricity. The guns were located some forty rods west of the Coliseum, and their discharge was instantaneous with the touch of the operator upon the plat¬ form. So electric was the effect of the performance that it was repeated in obedience to the vociferous demand of the audience. Part two began with the “Hymn of Peace,” written for the occasion by Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, to the music of Keller’s American Hymn. Air. Gilmore directed, and the singers were accompanied by organ and full orchestra. The performance was very fine, the chorus particularly distinguishing itself by its strength, volume, steadiness, and unison. The old tune and its new words seemed admirably wedded. Following this was the always acceptable overture of “ William Tell,” Mr. Gilmore hold- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 475 ing the baton. New beauties were evolved from tnis delightful composition by the orchestra, which was familiar with its every note. It called forth merited applause. The “ Inflammatus,” from Stabat Mater was next given, Madame Rosa interpreting the vocal measure. Mr. Zerrahn conducted in this. The remark¬ able qualities of her voice were never more apparent than when singing this grand and impressive solo. It was repeated in obe¬ dience to a vehement demand of the audience. Next came the “ Coronation March” from the Prophet, so illustrative of Meyer¬ beer’s exquisite genius. Mr. Eichberg occupied the stand, and a full thousand instrumentalists illustrated the bewitching music. The next piece upon the programme was the “Anvil Chorus,” from “II Trovatore,” Mr. Gilmore conducting. This combined the chorus, the full band, the performance of one hundred Boston firemen upon as many anvils, and an artillery accompaniment of fifteen guns. The famous composition was given with the fin¬ est effect; in fact, with an effect hitherto immeasurably unap¬ proached. The firemen were attired in red shirts, white caps, and black pants, and presented a novel appearance. Their stroke upon the anvil was correct and earnest, and the blow, though solid, was cheering. The performance was vociferously encored, and proved one of the most popular and taking on the pro¬ gramme. The closing performance was the National Air, “My country, ’tis of thee,” sung by the chorus, and aided by the combined instrumental, artillery, bell, and other accompani¬ ments, Mr. Gilmore directing. It was rendered grandly. Never heard without kindling the most pleasing emotions ; on the pres¬ ent occasion it was tenfold more so, producing in the audience a demonstrativeness of enthusiasm that had scarcely been reached during the afternoon. As it was the last piece to be presented, the performers seemed to give it their best effort; and so thor¬ oughly good was it that a repetition was demanded, followed by a second ovation. At the very end the entire audience joined in the most vehement and prolonged cheers in honor of the occa¬ sion and its commemoration. The audience, it is almost unneces¬ sary to state after what has been written, left the building not only satisfied, but highly gratified ; and the universal and enthu¬ siastic voice was, that it was a great success. . . . The orderly manner in which the vast audience passed out of the Coliseum was in itself remarkable.By seven o’clock the building was comparatively emptied, and the musical and financial success of the Great Peace Jubilee of 1859 was demon¬ strated. 476 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. From the Boston Daily Advertiser, June 16. The first day’s concert of the Musical Festival was all its friends hoped for and all the public could reasonably desire. In the execution of so vast an undertaking some delays might have been expected, and some want of accord among performers who till yesterday morning were never under the same roof. These are defects with which almost every great musical enterprise on record has been marred at the beginning, and no human foresight can ever be sure that it has infallibly guarded against them. But the most cavilling spirit could not have looked upon the impres¬ sive spectacle presented at the opening of the concert yesterday, without surprise at the nearly faultless precision with which the details of the enterprise had been carried out; nor have listened to the music of that vast multitude of voices and instruments without astonishment at the regularity and harmony with which the conductor’s baton swayed and controlled them. Here for the first time in the history of modern music were brought together a chorus of ten thousand voices and an orches¬ tra of a thousand instruments. The same doubts which have been discussed in connection with other great musical gather¬ ings, and left unsettled, were thrown in the way of this one; — whether so large a chorus could sing with the brilliancy and reso¬ nance of a smaller one, whether so many differently trained voices could under any circumstances be brought into harmony, whether the difference in the distances at which the various performers were placed with respect to the auditory would not impair the effect of the music, even if it were otherwise faultless. But we think there were few in that immense audience who were troubled with such misgivings, or who were not filled with novel and de¬ lightful emotions, when Luther’s sublime hymn, “God is a castle and defence ” began the exercises of the day, filling the vast au¬ ditorium with its melody. The discordant sounds which inter¬ fered with the inaugural ceremonies, the tramp of feet and the rustling of dresses, the hammering of workmen, the whistling of engines, and the confused roar of the multitude holding a vanity fair Outside, were overwhelmed and hushed when the chorus took up the strain. It would be hard to judge precisely the musical effects of the accumulation of voices and instruments on so large a scale at a single hearing. Here, as in similar gatherings, the vast spaces to be filled, the difference in resisting surfaces, the currents of air sweeping here and there through the building, and also the difference, before referred to, in the distances of the various per- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 477 formers from different portions of the audience, varied the effect so much that scarcely two listeners would agree in details. But the hearty and universal applause which followed every -step in the programme showed that a perfect agreement in the audience was not necessary to its enjoyment. When the Handel commem¬ oration festival in 1859 was over, the critics began to compare their judgments of its results, and to raise a multitude of ques¬ tions interesting in the history of criticism and of musical art. They only agreed, with misgivings here and there, that, with all the grand and till that time incomparable effects, performances on so large a scale should be reserved for rare and great occasions. But the hundred thousand people who had flocked to London to hear the marvellous melodies of that commemoration week, who had seen the spectacle and enjoyed the music, had no misgiving and gave an approving verdict. And such, we doubt not, will be the result of the Peace Jubilee. The following is another article from the Advertiser of the same date : — The Peace Jubilee has passed its first day, and the critical period of its history as a musical experiment. The crowds which it has drawn to the city are immense, and increase from hour to hour. The success of the enterprise is in every mouth, and is chronicled in detail below. The initial day was full of scenes of splendor, incidents of interest, and sounds of sublimity, in its novel combination of music and multitudes; and we invite the attention of our readers to the record of its varying phases which we have been able to present. THE GATHERING. People all around in a radius of a hundred miles from the State House dome gave their first waking thoughts yesterday morning to the weather. Few were sanguine enough to find any promise of sunshine in the murky skies. People grumbled, and wondered if Mr. Lowell himself could find any “ perfect days ” in this June of disappointments, of east-winds, of umbrellas and great-coats and colds in the head. More cheerful people pointed to the weather-cocks as indicative of short storms, rejoiced that all the eggs were not in one basket, and that in the five days of the Jubilee there must in reason be two or three of pleasant weather, and comforted themselves with the thought that inside the Coli¬ seum all would be dry and sheltered from the breeze. The spec- 478 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. tators in shanty structures took the clouds most to heart; but they had enshrined themselves in so much ugliness that they won very little sympathy. From every direction people crowded in. Steam-cars and steamboats came as full as they could hold. In the horse-cars, early in the morning, more than half the passengers carried pal¬ pable rolls of music, and the conductors became infused with the enthusiasm of the choristers they carried, and shouted “ Nearest point to the Coli-seum ” with a nervous energy pleasant to listen to. PREPARING FOR THE CONCERT. As the speech-making came to an end, having occupied in the aggregate about half an hour, there was a rustle not altogether of regret as the audience, orchestra, and chorus settled themselves to the business of the day, the mighty feast of music. The first of the pleasant sensations was caused by the entrance, to take his place as first violin, of Ole Bull. The noble old musician was greeted with a salvo of applause, from his associate performers and from the public in front, which he acknowledged with a pecu¬ liar grace which seemed a combination of the dignity of the old school and the warmth of the French nation. Ole Bull is one of the most remarkable-looking men of his time ; and as he sat with Carl Rosa at the head of the long semicircles of violins, the two seemed to form a cabinet picture worthy of study and admiration, even in the grand gallery of the Festival scene, — the one like the pictures of Mozart in his younger days, a face of pure devo¬ tion to music and enthusiasm for art ; the other greater and grander through the experiences of years of such devotion and such enthusiasm, beautiful, exalted, sweet, and with a smile the most winning in the world. Hardly had the applause which greeted these two died away, when another roar arose to herald the coming of Mr. P. S. Gil¬ more. This gentleman came forward amid the creation of his brain and of his energy, and received modestly the tribute of the audience to his success. Another warm welcome was in store for Mr. Eichberg, as he took his place to conduct the overture to “ Tannhauser ” ; and when Mr. Zerrahn appeared, a little later in the programme, the progress of his tall figure through the orches¬ tra was the occasion of an ovation, in which the chorus took the lead, the ladies of the Boston classes in the side seats waving their handkerchiefs with multitudinous enthusiasm. Almost as hearty, and quite as general, was the greeting of GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 479 Madame Parepa-Rosa, as she came forward for her solo, “ Ave Maria.” It was curious to listen to the applause of these wel¬ comes, beginning as it did afar off, with those near the entrance at the rear, and keeping pace in a swelling wave with the favor¬ ites as they came in through the long avenue of instrumentalists, till the audience took up the tide as the front was reached. Madame Rosa looked superbly, and all near enough to see her face could see that she was filled with the spirit of the Jubilee, with honest pride in her part in it, and with a determination to do her best in it. It will interest at least half our readers to know that Madame Rosa was dressed in a white muslin skirt with one flounce, a white silk overdress trimmed with lace, high m the neck and with long sleeves, with buttons and ornaments at the shoulders, of the national colors, and diamonds at the throat and in the hair. We return to the entrance of Mr. Gilmore to note the musical character of the Jubilee. The first performance of the grpat Jubilee week is to be pro¬ nounced on the whole a decided success. As might be supposed and expected, this success was not unmixed with partial failures. But when these are weighed with the triumphs of the day, and when the disturbing effects of the novelty and excitement of the occasion are taken into consideration, there can be but one judg¬ ment, and that will be enthusiastically favorable as to the merit of the performance and full of praise and admiration for the pa¬ tient toil and skill and for the persevering courage which have carried the enterprise through to a successful inauguration of its triumphs. The sense of sublimity, as is well known by the rhet¬ oricians and metaphysicians, is exceedingly short-lived in its nature, and it could not be that the souls of the auditors should be moved with a sense of grandeur during the entire perform¬ ance ; but we think there were very few of the vast assemblage who did not thrill for moments with an ecstasy of pleasure which alike transcended their experience and their power of expression. Nearly as many versions of the special musical effects of the different pieces might be given as there were pairs of ears among the audience. Criticism finds the clearness of her vision much crowded by the extraordinary circumstances of the occasion and by the unprecedented importance attached to the location of the listener’s seat. It would really be worth while, we think, to print three separate reports of the musical entertainment written respectively from the front of the parquet, from the centre of the floor, and from the gallery opposite the stage. The best choral 480 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. effects were unquestionably lost by those who were very near the conductor’s stand, but on the other hand the finest beauties of the instrumental numbers were more keenly felt by those who were near the orchestra, or at only a moderate distance from it. We appreciate the difficulty thus arising, but must trust our¬ selves to a frank statement of impressions derived under circum¬ stances more favorable, perhaps, than was the fortune of all; — knowing very well that it will be impossible to carry conviction of the excellence of any particular performance to one against whose enjoyment all the laws of acoustics conspired together; and knowing also that to all whose spectacle-glasses were pure rose-color the merest suggestion of a fault will be deemed a piece of unpardonable presumption and wickedness. Luther’s great choral, under the leadership of Mr. Gilmore, began the grand concert very happily. The piece as rendered by the chorus had been a little docked of its fair proportions, but enough was left to fill up a noble measure of magnificent strength and beauty, and as the great volume of pure sound arose from the ten thousand voices and the thousand instruments with the grand utterance of faith, “God is a castle and defence when troubles and distress invade,” the noblest possibilities of the divine art seemed revealed in an instant of time. The overture to “Tannhauser” was not entirely successful as a performance, although many portions of the work were rendered with thrilling effect. The difficulties were chiefly with the wind instruments, which in several instances were out of time ; but the violins, as usual, were adequate to their task. The effect of the stringed instruments, indeed, throughout the concert was transcendently beautiful. The violin is a wonderful instrument in the hands of a single master, potent to charm, to excite, to move to tears or to laughter; but there is no witchery like that which it exerts as the controlling spirit of a great orchestra. In this instance the violins were numbered, not by dozens or scores, but by hundreds, and the entire body of stringed instruments in the select orchestra made a grand total of nearly half a thousand. The best skill in the land, too, was collected to play upon these instruments, the posts of special honor being- filled, cle jure, by Ole Bull, Carl Rosa, and William Schultze. In the “Tannhauser” overture, the great series of running passages for the violins by which the principal air is accompanied, had an effect like that of rushing winds, exciting and entrancing the senses and filling the soul with weird and peculiar pleasure. The “Gloria,” from Mozart’s Twelfth Mass, which followed, was the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 481 least successful chorus of the occasion. It is for many reasons an exceedingly trying composition for a large body of singers to render, the long passages for the orchestra increasing the difficul¬ ties of the time, which are otherwise great. And in the delivery of several passages of the “Gloria” there was alack of steadi¬ ness and precision in the chorus which marred to some extent the grandeur and beauty of the work. In Gounod’s “ Ave Maria,” Madame Parepa-Rosa made her appearance as the first soloist of the Jubilee, and accomplished what few other singers in America or even in the world could achieve, in making her voice distinctly audible throughout the length and breadth of the great building. Very near the stage the effect of Madame Rosa’s singing was not entirely agreeable, the tone being forced to meet the emergency and losing much of its wonted sweetness, richness, and purity thereby. At situations midway in the auditorium, however, as we understand, these faults were not apparent, and the lady’s per¬ formance lacked little of its accustomed charm ; in the rear of the hall, also, her voice was easily and pleasantly heard. “The Star-Spangled Banner,” given with grand and almost overpow¬ ering effect, concluded the first part and produced the wildest excitement in the audience, which had been full of enthusiasm from the first. The choral combinations of the parts used in the piece were very ingenious, and, besides the pleasure which they directly afforded, served to heighten the tremendous climax of effect which was reached in the final strophe, —in which, accord¬ ing to the promise of the programme, the aid of a great military band, of an immense drum-corps, and of artillery, was given to the chorus, orchestra, and organ. The artillery firing came near to being perfectly in time, although it was not invariably so, as must have been anticipated, gunpowder being a rather fickle, as well as a slow-motioned musical instrument, even when played upon by lightning. But the magnificent distances of the build¬ ing could be well inferred from the fact that when the artillery was in exact time at and near the conductor’s stand, the crash of the guns sounded in almost every instance just before the proper moment to persons in the gallery facing the stage. The bells of the city were also rung in unison from the telegraph stand, but r as they were quite inaudible at St. James Park, can hardly be- said to have heightened the effect. Dr. Holmes’s “Hymn of Peace,” set to the music of Keller’s “American Hymn,” was the first piece in the second part, and was beautifully and nobly rendered, and with a precision whichi showed of what the chorus was capable. The calm beauty and 31 482 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. strength of the piece were especially impressive, coming - as they did in direct contrast with the fervid, and perhaps feverish splen¬ dors of “ The Star-Spangled Banner” and its tremendous accom¬ paniment. And then came the instrumental gem of the occasion in the shape of Rossini’s overture to “ William Tell,” the per¬ formance of which must be characterized as the grandest orches¬ tral rendering ever given on this continent. From one end to the other, barring only the performance of certain unruly cymbals, all was true, grand, and lovely, and the great overture seemed to shine out in a more remarkable and transcendent beauty than had ever before been revealed to us in its noble melodies and harmo¬ nies In particular the rendering of the second principal air of the overture quite beggared all description, — though it was easy to read in the hundreds of faces flushed with pleasure, and in the thousands of eyes dancing with excitement, how all hearts were stirred and thrilled with the irresistible movement of the wonder¬ ful melody. In the “ Coronation March ” of Meyerbeer, the cymbals were again troublesome, and the drums and some of the wind instruments were out of time in several passages, but taken as a whole the performance was good. The “Anvil Chorus” from “ II Trovatore,” produced a tremendous sensation among the audience and received an uproarious encore. The pictu¬ resque hundred of red-shirted firemen did their duty very well and beat their anvils with a good degree of precision, and the chorus sang the little that was assigned to them admirably. “My Country, ’t is of thee,” with the same accessories as “The Star-Spangled Banner,” concluded the concert most wor¬ thily, — the audience very generally joining in the last stanza with good effect. And thus ended the first of the great Jubilee concerts, for which it is only fair to claim that, although not reaching perfection in all things, it was remarkable in its suc¬ cess as well as unprecedented in its character. It is reasonable to expect even greater results from what is yet to come, as both chorus and orchestra will lack the distracting sense of novelty incident to the situation of yesterday. The week has been nobly begun, and it will end even more nobly, we predict. From the Boston I)aily Journal, June 16. If the Peace Jubilee is a century plant, —as we trust it is from the nurture of war necessary for its renewal, — it certainly flow¬ ered out most magnificently yesterday afternoon. Whatever may have been the nature of the anticipations cherished by the myri¬ ads of visitors, it is safe to say that they were, on the whole, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 483 more than abundantly realized. Those who were in search of a spectacle to delight the eye and fill all the organs of wonder, be¬ held a scene the like of which was never before witnessed on this or any other continent. They who would refresh themselves with the inspirations of music on an unprecedented scale, were delighted to find that volume only lent enchantment to harmony, and that majesty of expression was intwined with all the delica¬ cies of execution. If it was the pride of any to luxuriate in the great sensation of the season and of the age, they evidently had their luxury and made the most of it. To those who coveted the higher joy — and who will not acknowledge it? — of basking in the patriotic associations and enthusiasm of the Festival, the glorious gratification was given in the grandest profusion, “in good measure, pressed down and running over.” Though the inauguration of the Jubilee had not the benefit of one of those bright June days, “bridal of the earth and sky,” which was doubtless calculated upon at this season of the year, the weather was not unfavorable in many respects, especially in the absence of dust and uncomfortable heat. Even the rain, com¬ ing down upon what must have reminded many of the water-shed of a continent, added its chorus to the inside harmonies; and when, in the graceful overture of “ Tannhauser,” a flood of sun¬ shine suddenly poured its radiance over the gorgeous scene, the spirit of Peace seemed to have descended indeed. Of the order of exercises full accounts will be found in our reported columns. The opening prayer was solemn and appropriate. The Mayor’s welcome was brief and in good taste, saying just enough and say¬ ing it well. The address of Hon. Alexander H. Rice, on the restoration of Peace and Union, will read as well as it sounded, — being just and elevated in its sentiments, judicious and yet boldly patriotic in its references to the past, breathing the spirit of a broad nationality, and charged with the great hopes of our future. The address was admirably delivered, and supplied the requisite oral introduction to the musical glories of the week. Of the lat¬ ter, so far as they were developed yesterday, it is not our prov¬ ince here to speak in detail. The programme was well selected to show all the merits of the Festival, combining, as it did, selec¬ tions of sublime, classical, and popular music, with solos, full chorus, organ, orchestral, artillery, and even anvil accompani¬ ment, to say nothing of the thunderous specimen of congrega¬ tional singing with which the last national air was commended, apparently, to the whole world. It is only a detailed report that can do justice to these things, 484 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. for after all that is said, it is the amplitude and combined grand¬ eur of the Jubilee that most impress themselves upon the spec¬ tator, and enchain his interest. To get at the whole you have to study the greatness of the parts. So well proportioned is the enormous structure erected for the occasion, so harmonious and graceful are the hangings and decorations, that a primitive spec¬ tator, equally ignorant of architecture and of crowds, would see nothing more surprising than the mere numbers assembled. Given the men, he would pronounce their surroundings natural enough. Even the cultivated visitor has to make an effort to pass beyond this influence of symmetry into a full comprehension of the magnitude of the spectacle around him. He studies a sec¬ tion of the chorus or the audience, and soon sees that it could not have been placed in any room he ever saw in his life before, and then he remarks that there are fifteen or twenty just such as are around him ; and let it be observed that there is no dwarfing in the process of this vast survey. It is not, as many had ex¬ pected, that a man in the extreme distance looks like a miniature bust in bronze, and the big drum dwindles to a collar-box; but so far as you can see your friend at all, he is “ as big as life/’ if not “twice as natural,” while Ole Bull’s benign features are as impressive as ever, and Madame Parepa-Rosa is unstintedly her¬ self ! This element of broad grandeur springs doubtless primarily from the nature of the Jubilee building. The audience is not piled up in heights, — it is held in an immense tray, with gently sloping sides, and just top enough to make a symmetrical cover¬ ing. Whoever takes a favorable position in the galleries has a new revelation of the old saying, “a sea of heads”; only he thinks besides of a sea-shore, and of an extensive reach of up¬ lands of the same animated material. Every feature of the occa¬ sion yesterday was on the same scale. When applause of the speakers broke out, it took so long to run to the extremity of the audience that its beginners were prone to hiss to hush it. The very stillness of the mass had the sound of ocean’s murmur, for the whisperings and the fannings of thousands were in it. And then to make the “long-drawn aisle and fretted vault” of plau¬ dits through which Mr. Gilmore, the hero of the Festival, ad¬ vanced to the front; or the whole cotton-field of waving white handkerchiefs which greeted Mr. Zerrahn; not to speak of the forest of musical instruments, in the midst of which those of the brass bands shone like a broad patch of pumpkins. It was the crowning glory of the occasion, however, that all its separate GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 485 elements, whether prosaic, grotesque, or picturesque, were taken up and harmonized into one grand whole. So it was with the audience, — so it was with the music. The latter was as far re¬ moved from a noise as the performance of the most cultivated quartette. Majestic as it was in parts, it was never anything but refined, finished, pleasing, satisfying. From the beginning to the end of the performances yesterday, we thought there was a steady growth in executive completeness and life ; and we are sure that the enthusiasm of the auditors rose in a gradual climax to the end. In short, the opening day of the Peace Jubilee was in all respects a brilliant success, justifying even brighter antici¬ pations of its remaining attractions, aside from those afforded by the presence of the hero who, under Providence, gave us this peace to celebrate. We can only urge all to see to it that this opportunity of a lifetime is not passed by in neglect. Extract from another article from the Journal of the same date * — .... The swelling tide rolled in till past three o’clock, when a magnificent spectacle was presented as the audience and the singers and the players on instruments had settled quietly into their seats. The Coliseum is admirably adapted to the display of such a multitude of people as may be gathered within its walls. The vast floor, wide and extensive balconies, and the long, spread¬ ing parterres at either end brought the thousands who filled it into grand and distinctive prominence. The ten thousand chorus singers and the thousand instrumental performers filled the vast southern extremity to its utmost capacity, forming a magnificent mass of living beings. “ ’T were worth ten years of peaceful life, One glance at their array.” The majesty of human nature was displayed there with won¬ derful power and picturesqueness. They occupied a grand am¬ phitheatre, the singers on the topmost seats, the musicians the spacious platforfh, on which were disposed the paraphernalia of the instrumental performance, the conductor’s stand, the great drums, and other adjuncts of the occasion, adding variety to the scene. The arrangement of this section of the display was very happy and pleasing, and was a continual feast to the eye. Then the great multitude of auditors who occupied the floor, the balco¬ nies, and the northern amphitheatre added vastly to the impres- 486 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. siveness of the scene. Such an immense audience was never before gathered in America. It filled the eye and the mind with delight and admiration, and almost inspired awe. Happily min¬ gled in the scene was the element of picturesque beauty. The bright and graceful draperies that decorate the great pillars, the interlacing rafters and the ceiling of the structure, throw a bright and airy beauty over everything which appeals to the imagina¬ tion and lends a pleasing charm to the general exhilaration of the prospect. The grand picture, however, did not long engage attention after three o’clock, as the exercises that preceded the wonder¬ ful performances of the afternoon began soon after that hour. The audience was scarcely hushed ere the Chaplain’s prayer was half through, though his sonorous voice could be heard distinctly almost to the end of the hall. The Mayor’s brief address was attentively listened to, and the ringing tones and sentences of the orator of the occasion were followed with manifest interest and frequent applause. 4 At the conclusion of Mr. Rice’s speech, the Committee, with his Honor the Mayor and the orator of the day, retired from the platform, and pending the brief subsequent preparation the greatest anxiety was manifested among the audience for the ful¬ filment of the “ great expectations ” which it was their privilege to find had been well founded. THE MUSICAL PERFORMANCES. The inaugural ceremonies over, the audience patiently awaited the musical exercises, nor had it long to wait. The vast army of choristers and musicians were all in their places, and every¬ thing was in full readiness. A little bustle was noticeable in the centre of the orchestra platform, and Ole Bull was seen coming down to take his seat as the leader of the first violins. As soon as he was recognized by the audience he was applauded very loudly, the musicians also joining in the demonstration. He was followed by Carl Rosa, who also met with a recognition from the audience. Mr. Gilmore immediately after made his appearance, and the Coliseum was made to echo, and echo again, with shouts, while a sea of white handkerchiefs fluttered from the chorus sec¬ tions, and also in all parts of the auditorium. The first piece upon the programme was immediately taken up, — Luther’s sublime choral, Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott . This was given by the full chorus with an accompaniment by the grand orchestra, military band, and organ, the whole under GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 487 Mr. Gilmore’s conductorship. The arrangement of the piece was Otto Nicolai’s, the same that occurs in his Festival Overture, which opens the concert to-day, but the overture itself was omitted, the choral alone being given. First came a short prel¬ ude on the organ, which, we should add, was played by Dr. John H. Willcox, and then the whole choral and instrumental force chimed in upon the broad, bold strain, “ God is a castle and defence.” What majesty there was in that great torrent of har¬ mony ! It was like a mighty ocean of music, limitless and uncon¬ trollable, and not precisely that, either, for it was perfectly con¬ trollable, following the graceful movements of Mr. Gilmore’s baton with unerring precision and certainty. It was like the ut¬ terance of one great voice, and what a depth of meaning it gave to the glorious opening words ! It was dignity and grandeur in grand keeping with the massive character of the composition and its sublime words. The first was sung forte, and the second piano, and there was a shading of tone which told as readily as the precision in time already noticed, of long and patient rehear¬ sals. The instrumental adjuncts were of the most fitting char¬ acter. The strings, numbered by the hundred, were backed up by the stronger voices of the other instruments, and above orchestra, chorus, and all, even in the loudest passages, were heard the grand and pervading tones of the organ. This was the first real test the organ had had, and it met the trial gloriously, demonstrating at once, beyond question, that its builders had achieved the success they sought. The instrument gave forth an immense volume of tone, and of a quality which proved a pleas¬ ing as well as a massive background for the thousands of voices and other instruments. Without the organ there would have been a weakness in the instrumental support, notwithstanding the vast number of instruments, more especially in the loud pas¬ sages, where the full power of the chorus was shown. With it every requirement seemed to be met. The whole of the choral was grandly and impressively rendered, and at its close the ap¬ plause broke forth in thunder tones. The second selection was the overture to Richard Wagner’s opera of “ Tannliauser.” This was performed by the select orchestra of between five and six hundred players, under the baton of Mr. Julius Eichberg, who, upon ascending to the conduc¬ tor’s place, was enthusiastically received by the audience. This work was, of course, better calculated to develop the instrumen¬ tal resources than the accompaniment to the choral. It is well known, especially in Boston, where it has been frequently per- 488 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. formed at the Philharmonic and other concerts ; but when Mr. Gilmore decided to give it a place on the programme, it was found necessary to send to Leipsic for the orchestral scores, as there were not enough in the whole country to supply the want. The richness of the stringed figures was exquisitely brought out, and the fine effect produced by the groundwork of brass instru¬ ments, over which the strings weave a delicate network, through a portion of the overture, was also shown magnificently. There was once a little wavering on the part of a portion of the orches¬ tra, but it went extremely well as a whole. The succeeding piece was the Gloria, from Mozart’s Twelfth Mass, which was performed under the direction of Mr. Carl Zer- ralm. Another ovation from both chorus and audience awaited Mr. Zerralm as he appeared upon the stage. The words of the Gloria are as follows: — Glorious is thy name, Almighty Lord; all the angels stand round about thy throne; let all nations bow before thee, and declare thy wondrous works. We praise thee, we give thanks to thee, we adore thee, we glo¬ rify thee, Lord, we adore thee, we bless thee ; Lord, we thank thee for thy great glory. Heaven is thy throne, and earth is thy footstool. Thou art king over all the world. Glorious is thy name, 0 Lord. Blessing and honor be to God forever and evermore. The above was sung by the full chorus, with accompaniment of the select orchestra and organ. The rendering by both cho¬ rus and orchestra was most excellent, and here again the power and usefulness of the organ in sustaining the great body of voices and instruments was appreciable. The whole performance was one of the grandest effect, and it called forth loud tokens of applause at its close. No. 4 was a solo for Madame Parepa-Rosa, — Gounod’s “ Ave Maria,” — which Mr. Gilmore, with characteristic grandeur of idea, proposed to give with two hundred violins upon the obbligato usually rendered by a single instrument. The experiment of a solo effort in so vast a building was very generally regarded as a dangerous one for the artist, but let us hasten to say that the result was very greatly in Madame Rosa’s favor. Certainly no single voice in the world could be heard to advantage in the Coli¬ seum if hers could not. She doubtless put forth her strongest and best efforts, and she could not well do else with such magnificent surroundings. Her voice was heard, and to advantage too, in every part of the building, a fact which demonstrated more fully than ever the great vocal powers of this favorite artist. It also GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 489 afforded additional proof of the superior acoustical properties of the building The most tumultuous applause rewarded Madame Rosa’s performance, as it had also greeted her upon her first appearance upon the stage. The concluding piece of the first part of the# programme was the national air, “The Star-Spangled Banner,” which was sung by the full chorus, with an additional verse, written by Mr. W. T. W. Ball of this city. The instrumental adjuncts in this performance were of the grandest character possible, comprising the grand orchestra, military band, drum-corps, organ, artillery, and the chiming of bells. The artillery and bell accompaniments were novel in character, and their introduction excited great interest. The guns, twelve in number, were stationed a short distance west of the Coliseum, upon the vacant land near the water, and were manned by the officers and men of the Second Light Battery of this city and the Third Light Battery of Malden. The Second Light Battery was under the charge of Lieutenant C. W. Beal and the Third under Captain Currier. The electric arrangements were under the charge of H. Julius Smith, and the man who “played the cannon” was Mr. J. C. Mullaly of Gilmore’s Band. The manner in which the artillery is managed by electricity has been described in the Journal recently, but we again give it as a matter of renewed interest. The guns are loaded as usual and then primed with a peculiar primer. It is substantially a small copper tube inserted in the vent of the gun, in communication with the cartridge, and filled with a patent powder of a fulmi¬ nating or easily ignited character. Running into opposite sides of these tubes are small wires, whose points are imbedded in the powder and near to but not touching each other. One of these small wires is connected with the positive pole of the electric battery by means of a long wire (it might be a mile or ten miles long if necessary). Another wire of the same description also extends to the battery, but is held in the hand of the party doing the firing. When he touches this wire to the negative pole of the battery, an electric current is at once set in motion through both the long wires, and the circuit is complete, except where it is broken by the space between the two wire points in the midst of the powder. Across this space the electric spark instantly leaps, and in its passage ignites the powder with the desired effect. The wires were attached to a keyboard similar to that of a piano, and this was placed at the side of the conductor’s stand. The bell-ringing was performed through the agency of the City 490 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Fire-Alarm Telegraph, and was under the charge of Mr. John F. Kennard, Superintendent of the Fire-Alarm Office, and assistants. By preconcerted arrangements all the bells attached to the tele¬ graph in the city, thirty-five in number, were kept in good strik¬ ing order, and by the operation of the telegraphic instrument in the Coliseum, which had a place immediately behind the con¬ ductor, the striking - apparatus in the central office was released, causing responsive chimes. The manner in which “The Star-Spangled Banner ” was to be sung was as follows: First verse, bassos in unison for the first sixteen measures ; tenors then in unison for the succeeding six¬ teen measures, the four parts joining in the chorus. Second verse, sopranos and altos in duet to the full chorus. Third verse, bassos and tenors in duet to the full chorus. The air was sung with sublime effect, and in the last verse the artillery and bell accompaniments were brought in. Between twenty and thirty guns were fired, with capital effect, the time being as well marked as it was on the great Jubilee Drum, which occupied a prominent place in the rear part of the orchestra. In¬ deed, the effect produced was not unlike that usually arising from a bass-drum performance, and it was by no means in excess of the other appointments. The bell-ringing could not be heard by those inside the building, but to those outside the pleasant chiming must have given still greater effect. The chorus acquitted itself with immense credit, singing as with one voice, so that almost every word could be heard as it fell from their ten thousand lips. At the close a wild scene of excitement occurred, cheers upon cheers being given from chorus seats and auditorium, and almost the entire audience rising to wave hats and handkerchiefs. Certainly a more enthusiastic demonstration never took place. In response to this tremendous encore, Mr. Gilmore brought his musical army and the lightning into play again, and the entire piece was a second time performed with full as magnificent effect as before. After an intermission of fifteen minutes the first piece of the second part, the “ Hymn of Peace,” written for the occasion by Dr. 0. W. Holmes, to the music of Keller’s “American Hymn,” was taken up under the conductorship of Mr. Gilmore. This was sung by the full chorus with accompaniment of grand orchestra, military band, and organ. Mr. Keller’s hymn is grand and inspiring, and on this occasion it was given with a ful¬ ness and emphasis truly delightful to hear. The arrangement of the harmony is very rich, and as the parts were well balanced in GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 491 the chorus the effect was very fine. The applause at the close was very great. Mr. Gilmore led the select orchestra through a very effective performance of Rossini’s overture to " William Tell,” and Ma¬ dame Parepa-Rosa then appeared and sang the Injiammatus from Rossini’s “ Stabat Mater,” which was given under the conductor- ship of Mr. Zerrahn, with full chorus, grand orchestra, and or¬ gan accompaniment. Madame Rosa’s success in this was even greater than in Gounod’s " Ave Maria,” and a repetition was demanded and given. The "Coronation March,” from Meyerbeer’s Opera of " Le Prophete,” was performed by the full band of upward of one thousand performers, under the direction of Mr. Eichberg. The next piece was the Scena from Verdi’s "11 Trovatore,” introducing the " Anvil Chorus,” in which a corps of one hundred firemen belonging to the Boston Fire Department assisted at the anvils. The firemen were in uniform dress of red shirts, black pants, and white caps, and made a very fine appearance as they marched upon the platform in four lines with military precision. The performance took place under the direction of Mr. Gilmore, and in addition to the full chorus the firemen with the anvils, the full orchestra, organ, artillery, and bells were introduced. The anvil performance was splendidly done, and proved very effective, as was also the gun-firing. At the close of the piece the applause was really tremendous, and it was repeated with the same grand effect as before, the bell-ringing only being omitted. At ten minutes past six o’clock the concert closed with the singing of "America” by the full chorus, the accompaniments including the full band effects, drum-corps, organ, artillery, and the bells. This was very grandly rendered. The entire audience joined with the chorus in singing the last verse. THE INVITED GUESTS. In such an immense throng of humanity, individual greatness sank into comparative insignificance, unless the possessor was placed in a conspicuous place. So it was with the distinguished guests who were present, for it is probably true that but a small part, comparatively, of the great audience knew that the promi¬ nent and distinguished gentlemen whose names are given below were present. Upon all great occasions invited guests are a "feature,” and this was by no means an exception, for as early as two o’clock they began gathering in the spacious reception- room in the northwestern corner of the building, where his 492 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Honor Mayor Shnrtleff was early on hand to receive them in be¬ half of the city. Before three o’clock there were assembled — Hon. Henry Wilson, Commodore Farragut, Commodore Thacher, Commodore Rodgers, Commodore Winslow, Captain Foxhall Par¬ ker, Captain Fairfax, Captain Montgomery, Admiral Farragut’s Private Secretary; Sir Edward Thornton, British Minister; Eva- reste LaRoclie, Haytien Minister ; Mayor C. R. Chapman of Hart¬ ford, Mayor Ezra Milliard of Omaha, Mayor S. McLellan of Wheel¬ ing, Mayor James B. Blake of Worcester, Mayor Price of Mobile, Mayor J. N. Buffum of Lynn, Hon. George 0. Brastow, and Hon. S. D. Crane of the Legislative Committee for President Grant’s reception, the committee of the city on the reception of guests, and others. Admiral Farragut was accompanied by his wife. Shortly before three o’clock the venerable Lowell Mason, one of the two guests whom the Executive Committee of the Jubilee hon¬ ored with a special invitation, appeared in the room and formed in the procession which was marshalled by Alderman White, and marched into the auditorium down the western aisle, and took seats in the parquet, which had been provided by the city government. The appearance of the procession was the signal for a scattering fire of applause, which increased in volume and varied in loca¬ tion as it was known that the gallant old hero of New Orleans was in the party. The Admiral remained through the greater part of the performance, as did the other distinguished guests, lie expressed his great pleasure at the magnificent spectacle which the scene presented and the grand harmony which the orchestra and chorus afforded him. The artillery firing, espe¬ cially in the grand rendering of " The Star-Spangled Banner,” was remarked upon by him with much satisfaction. The whole party expressed themselves pleased beyond expression at the unparal¬ leled entertainment which was afforded them. Prominent among the distinguished persons in the audience, and occupying a seat with the invited guests, was Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis, who was, with Mr. Lowell Mason, mentioned above, the only guest specially invited by the Executive Committee. Her appearance directed the attention of the great audience to her and excited much admiring comment. From the Boston Herald, June 16. The day of Jubilee has come ! The great National Peace Fes¬ tival and Jubilee has been auspiciously inaugurated! No more of worriment and care, no more sleepless nights for the great projector and his allies, for their hopes have been crowned with GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 493 consummation and the day-dreams of long and weary months have found their realization. No more will the incredulous shake their heads with doubt, no longer will the great public tremble in suspense lest the magnificent enterprise which has agitated them for many weeks should miscarry, to their mortification and humil¬ iation. No, these possibilities are past; the Jubilee is a success, even beyond the most enthusiastic expectations, not to say hopes, of any. The projector has made his promises, the people have believed, and in believing have been able to taste a pleasure which will create an insatiable appetite for more. THE GRAND CONCERT. The moment the orator of the day had retired from the rostrum it was apparent from the stir and bustle among the auditors, and those who were present to regale them, that the long-expected, anxiously awaited moment had almost arrived. No words better than those of the poet can describe the combination of scenes and sounds which affected the senses of the multitude at that partic¬ ular moment: — “ See to the desk Apollo’s sons repair: Swift rides the resin o’er the horse’s hair; In unison their various tones to tune, Murmurs the hautboy; growls the hoarse bassoon ; In soft vibrations sighs the whispering lute; Twang goes the harpsichord ; too-too the flute; Brays the loud trumpet; squeaks the fiddle sharp; Winds the French horn, and twangs the tingling harp.’ WELCOME TO MR. GILMORE. In a moment Mr. Gilmore came down the aisle through the in¬ strumentalists, and the quick eyes of the audience recognizing his well-known figure welcomed him to the conductor’s stand and to the honor, pre-eminently his due, of opening the great Festi¬ val in person, with a hearty outburst of applause and with a gen¬ eral waving of handkerchiefs. This gentleman, who had now reached one of the proudest moments of his life, gracefully and gratefully bowed his acknowledgments for the kind reception. RECEPTION OF OLE BULL. Among the last to take his place among the first violinists was Mr. Ole Bull, the king of violinists. His tall figure and graceful step were recognized as he came down the aisle and took his place in the front line, and he was the recipient also of a most hearty welcome, which he duly acknowledged. 494 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. THE MUSIC. After this little episode, Mr. Gilmore, without delaying the anxious auditors, proceeded quickly to inaugurate the great Fes¬ tival of song. Speedily he elevated his baton, and quickly in response to the signal from the great organ, the choristers arose as if animated by a single moving spirit, and tuned their voices to Luther’s beautiful sacred choral, "God is a castle and defence.” The voices of the choristers, directed by the strains of the huge orchestra, and sustained and augmented by the powerful tones of the organ, expanded gloriously until they filled completely the vast auditorium and impressed the hearers more with the sacred than with the jubilant character of the occasion. The beautiful strains spoke other than sentiments of harmony. There was about them a sentiment of grandeur, of sublimity, that caused all to be filled with a realization of the propriety of their selection as the opening feature of the grand occasion. The chorus was received with every evidence of approval by the assembly. Next came Wagner’s overture to " Tannhauser,” a composi¬ tion which is the terror of most violinists, owing to the profuse and intricate "fingering” which its execution renders impera¬ tive. Rarely is it given to the public, for its proper performance is beset with many difficulties. Yet on this occasion it was given by the select orchestra of six hundred performers in a smooth and pleasing manner, which excited the warmest applause. Mr. Ju¬ lius Eichberg wielded the baton on this occasion, and was cordially welcomed as he made his appearance. The third feature on the programme was the "Gloria in Excel- sis,” from Mozart’s Twelfth Mass, music familiar to every one. It was given with full chorus, and organ and orchestral accompa¬ niment. Mr. Carl Zerrahn occupied the conductor’s stand this time, and as he appeared was welcomed most heartily, especially by the members of the chorus with whom he has been so inti¬ mately associated during the past few weeks. The sublime strains of the "Gloria” were given with a fulness and grandeur of effect never before heard, we dare say, and the result was a decided sensation among the auditors, who applauded loudly. There remained yet another scene of welcome, and Madame Parepa-Rosa was its object. The next feature was Gounod’s " Ave Maria,” and this favored and favorite songstress was to give the solo. Her welcome was of the most hearty and sponta¬ neous description, and told her how well she had been remem¬ bered. The obbligato was given by two hundred violins, Ole Bull GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 495 leading, and the beautiful harmonies of the composition were never produced with a more charming effect. The volume of tone was hardly sufficient to fill the auditorium and at the further extremity the lower notes of the soloist were inaudible ; yet the swell of the organ introduced at the close rendered the ensemble at that moment particularly delicious and provoked the heartiest applause. And now. came a feature which had been impatiently awaited, — the glorious national anthem, “The Star-Spangled Banner.” It was given by the full chorus, full orchestra, full power of the organ, military band, drum-corps, and bell and artillery accompa¬ niment. The first three verses were sung through by the voices, with the legitimate instrumental accompaniment, and the effect was more grand than ever before produced, while the audience, many of them catching the contagion, joined their voices to the familiar strains, unable otherwise to relieve the enthusiasm which was boiling within. But when the chorus was reached, after the last stanza, and the tremendous bass of the neighboring artillery was added to the already stupendous volume of sound, the effect was such as to send a powerful and never-to-be-forgotten thrill through the frame of every constituent part of the vast assembly, and to almost make one cry with delight. It was a glorious, a painful, yet a happy moment; a moment well calculated to rouse any dormant sentiment of patriotism, and bring fully to the reali¬ zation of every man with a particle of soul the glory and the grandeur of having for his home a land of liberty over which “The Star-Spangled Banner in triumph yet waves.” The audi¬ ence was full. The dying cadenzas of the beautiful hymn had not been absorbed in air ere the pent-up enthusiasm burst forth in one prolonged, tremendous shout of patriotic rapture, — a shout that made the very Coliseum tremble, and deafened one with its intensity, while it gratified all, for all felt that it was spontaneous and sincere. Again were the instruments attuned, again was the rare and delicious experience drunk in, absorbed, and enjoyed, and again rose the hearty shouts of satisfaction. This closed the first part of the programme, and immediately Mr. Gilmore was surrounded by scores of friends who tendered him their personal congratula¬ tions on the assured success of his magnificent enterprise. THE NATION HEARS IT. Scarcely had the boom of the last gun died away, and while the vast audience were yet giving expression to their enthusiasm 496 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. and delight, the representatives of the daily papers throughout the country besieged the Press Headquarters (which, since noon, had undergone a transformation from its festive appearance to one presenting the stern realities of editorial and reportorial life), each with his own idea of the scene just enacted and witnessed' and the seats on either side of the long tables were immediately occupied and pens and pencils at once brought into requisition. Ilasty despatches were written, and within a few minutes over the wires to every section of the country was electrified the fact that the National Peace Jubilee was a glorious success. Groups of correspondents were scattered here and there throughout the apartment, and all were warm in their praises of the rendering of the music by the immense orchestra and chorus. The telegraphic operators had their hands full during the next half or three-quar¬ ters of an hour, and the headquarters were vacated by correspon¬ dents only when the second part of the programme was being commenced. THE SECOND PART. Grand and beautiful as had been the concert thus far, the pro¬ gramme displayed features yet to come, the very name of which possessed that magnetic influence which allowed not a soul to leave the building. The first feature was a “Hymn of Peace,” written by Dr. O. W. Holmes, to the music of Keller’s “American Hymn.” It was given by the chorus with full orchestral and organ ac¬ companiment, and created a burst of applause bordering on rapture. Next came Rossini’s overture to “ William Tell,” a composition whose strains are familiar in almost every household, and whose melodious measures are never heard but to excite the most exqui¬ site of sensations which it is possible for the human tympanum to convey to the organ of all sense. It was given by the select orchestra in a manner never to be forgotten. The next feature was the “ Inflammatus,” from Rossini’s “ Sta- bat Mater.” The solo was given by Madame Rosa, Mr. Zerrahn conducting, and was rapturously encored, and even after its sec¬ ond rendering the applause did not soon subside The “Coronation March,” from Meyerbeer’s “Prophet” fol¬ lowed, and was grandly given by the full band of one thou¬ sand instruments. It would have doubtless been better re¬ ceived had not the power of vision taught the audience that the favorite Scena from Verdi’s “ Trovatore,” introducing the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 497 “ ANVIL CHORUS ” was next in order. Nothing could have excited livelier anticipa¬ tions in the audience, and nothing, as the result proved, could have pleased them better. The music is familiar to every whis¬ tling school-boy, was “ worn out,” as the saying is, upon street hand-organs years ago, yet it lives as fresh in the memory and admiration of all lovers of music as though it had been but re¬ cently composed. The peculiar dressing it was to receive on this occasion, and the announcement thereof, had caused it to be looked forward to with the most lively anticipation. It was given, the first time with chorus, full band, and chiming of bells. Just before the first strains were sounded the one hundred fire¬ men, who were to do the anvil business, marched upon the stage with military precision, dressed in black pants, red shirts, and light caps, and ranged themselves in four rows of twenty-five each, extending backward from the front. Mr. Gilmore directed their every movement with his baton, and their strokes were given with admirable precision as regards tirhe. The effect was grand and inspiring to the last degree. The audience again allowed their enthusiasm to run away with them, and their demand for a second edition was cheerfully complied with. This time, how¬ ever, the effect was heightened by the introduction of artillery, and every gun responded with the utmost promptitude. Cheer upon cheer rent the air, and it seemed as though the audience would never cease their plaudits. The performance was really a splendid one, not only in its effect, but musically considered. If this feature should be intro¬ duced into every day’s programme we doubt not it would suit every one who will attend. A NATIONAL AIR. But one feature remained. It was the national air, “ My coun¬ try, ’t is of thee,” with words by Eev. S. P. Smith. It was given with a grand combination of everything at hand which would make a noise and could be attuned to harmony. Words fail to describe the effect of the grand combination. Intense was the volume of tone or of sound that rose from the- Coliseum when the last verse was rendered, in which the audience- joined. Twenty-five thousand voices, a thousand instruments, the big drum, the tremendous organ, the bells in the church- towers of the city, all united to swell the torrent to that degree bf intensity that the deep bass of the artillery, while it of course .32 498 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. added to the ensemble, could not be distinguished by the audience inside. Tremendous was the effect, and when the strains of har¬ mony had died away they were followed by shouts of joy and satisfaction which made the welkin ring and must have pro¬ claimed to every person within a mile around the unquestioned and undisputed success of the greatest musical enterprise of modern times. DEPARTURE. The audience then, at quarter past six o’clock, began to dis¬ perse, and the great multitude was soon dissolved, each of its constituent parts to relate to envious and impatient hearers the result of one day’s delightful experience. .... From the Boston Traveller, June 16. THE CONCERT YESTERDAY. “ What passion cannot Music raise and quell? When Jubal struck the chorded shell, His listening brethren stood around, And, wondering, on their faces fell To worship that celestial sound. Less than a God they thought there could not dwell Within the hollow of that shell That spoke so sweetly and so well. What passion cannot.Music raise and quell ? At the close of Mr. Rice’s address, which terminated the inau¬ gural ceremonies, the musical part of the festival was commenced. The chorus and orchestra were all in their places, up to this time the greatest celebrity among the musicians being Carl Rosa, who was seated among the first-violin players, beside whom there was a vacant chair. Presently there is a flutter heard in the back¬ ground, which bursts into a shout of applause, as the tall, grace¬ ful, and dignified form of Ole Bull is seen wending his waj r down from the back to take his seat as the leader of the violin players. He gracefully acknowledges the reception and assumes the posi¬ tion beside Rosa. And now there is a perfect torrent of applause, which is swelled by the greetings of multitudinous voices, as P. S. Gilmore, the Prospero of the Jubilee, who by his art has created this “ heavenly music,” advanced to open the programme. His greeting was most hearty and long continued, and he ac¬ knowledged it over and over again. It was a proud moment for him, as he stood there, to reflect that this, the greatest musical Festival of the world, sprang up under his magic wand. The open- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 499 ing piece was then taken up, Luther’s choral, “Einfeste Burg ist unser Gott ,” rendered into English as follows : — God is a castle and defence, When trouble and distress invade : He ’ll help and free us from offence, And ever shield us with his aid. Our ancient enemy earnest is in mind, His strength he now prepares With might and subtlety; On earth is none so strong as he. The manner of rendering the choral was by the full chorus, accompanied by the grand orchestra, military bands, and organ. This choral is introduced in Nicolai’s “ Festival Overture,” which was given at the opening of the Handel and Haydn triennial; but in this case the overture was omitted, and the choral only given. Here we had the full effect of all the singers and instru¬ mentalists, and the round, rich strains of the organ, bursting out together and exactly on time. The choral was first sung forte and then piano; both movements with precision and the utmost grandeur. There was a perfect whirlwind of sound as all the ele¬ ments blended together, yet were they in such perfect accord, and held so well in hand by Mr. Gilmore, that the combined sound of voices, instruments, and organ was as but one. So grandly was the choral rendered, that it instantly dissipated doubts, if any existed, as to the musical success of the Jubilee. This was at once assured, and Mr. Gilmore retired amid a storm of applause. This was followed by Richard Wagner’s overture “ Tannhauser,” conducted by Mr. Julius Eichberg. Nothing better could possibly have been selected to test the capacity of the instrumentalists forming the select orchestra of upwards of six hundred players. There was a trifle of uncertainty at first on the part of some of the. performers, and an apparent lack of strength in the bassoons and clarionets, but Mr. Eichberg soon had his forces in hand and carried them along swimmingly to the end. The bowing of the violinists in this overture was very no¬ ticeable for the perfection of the movements. Afterwards we had the “Gloria” from Mozart’s Twelfth Mass. This was conducted by Mr. Carl Zerrahn, and on his appearance he re¬ ceived a perfect ovation, — cheer upon cheer, and the waving of acres of pocket-handkerchiefs. The “Gloria” was sung by the full chorus, accompanied by the select orchestra and the organ. 500 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. It was rendered with superior effect, the voices, especially the sopranos and altos, coming out stronger and rounder than in Lu¬ ther’s choral. The applause at the end was hearty and well mer¬ ited. The next number was Gounod’s “ Ave Maria,” sung by Madame Parepa-Rosa, with orchestral accompaniment, the intro¬ ductory violin obbligato being by two hundred violinists. Madame Rosa’s reception was all that could have been desired. She was evidently nervous, which is not to be wondered at, considering the novelty of her position, for she must have been possessed of more or less of uncertainty with regard to the effect of her voice in such a vast structure. It struck us that she did not sing the “Ave” near so well as we have heard her on many occasions, but there can be no doubt that her voice is able to fill the Coli¬ seum, for we afterwards heard the “ Inflammatus ” in a remote part of the building, and every note was perfectly audible. In this number Mr. Gilmore conducted, and with Madame Rosa was loudly applauded. The “ Star-Spangled Banner,” sung by full chorus, orchestra, military band and orchestra, drum-corps, chim¬ ing of bells, and artillery accompaniment, brought to a close the first part of the programme. Two verses, the first and last, of the original composition were sung, with an additional verse, making the second, written expressly for the occasion by Mr. W. T. W. Ball.The air was sung in the following manner: first verse, bassos in unison for the first sixteen measures; ten¬ ors then in unison for the succeeding sixteen measures, the four parts joining in the chorus. Second verse, sopranos and altos in duet to the full chorus. Third verse, bassos and tenors in duet to the full chorus. The effect throughout was sublime, .and at the conclusion of the third verse, culminating with the com¬ bined effect of voices, orchestra, organ, drums, bells, and cannon, the enthusiasm of the great audience knew no bounds. Every one was electrified, and the audience sprang to their feet, and cheers without number resounded through the building. An encore was imperative, and given with even still finer effect. The guns were operated by Mr. John C. Mullaly, of Gilmore’s Band, and were twelve in number. They were stationed a short dis¬ tance west of the Coliseum, close to the water, and were manned by the officers and men of the Second Light Battery of Boston, and the Third Light Battery of Malden. The chorus sang admira¬ bly, every one appearing to throw his or her whole heart into the song. After an interval of fifteen minutes the second part of the programme was taken up, opening with the “Hymn of Peace,” written for the occasion by Dr. Uliver Wendell Holmes, to the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 501 music of Keller’s "American Hymn.” .... This was rendered by the full chorus with accompaniment of orchestra, military bands, and organ, Mr. Gilmore conducting. The hymn was very impressively given, and its arrangement was rich and effective. Rossini’s overture to "William Tell” followed under Mr. Gil¬ more’s baton, and was one of the great successes of the day. Most noticeable among the instruments were the violins and cellos, which were played with a precision never before sur¬ passed in this city. Madame Rosa followed with the " Inflamma- tus ” from Rossini’s " Stabat Mater,” with full chorus, grand orchestra, and organ accompaniment, conducted by Mr. Zerrahn. Here Madame Rosa’s voice sounded to much better advantage than in the " Ave Maria,” and a well-merited encore was the re¬ sult. Meyerbeer’s "Coronation March,” from " The Prophet,” came next, conducted by Mr. Eichberg, and given by the full band of nearly eleven hundred performers. It was an unequivo¬ cal success. And now followed a scena from Verdi’s “II Trova- tore,” — "The Anvil Chorus,” — by the chorus, full band, chim¬ ing of bells, etc., and one hundred anvils, beaten by members of the Fire Department. This was under the conductorship of Mr. Gilmore. For the chorus, new words had been written by Mr. Ball, as follows : — God of the Nations, in glory enthroned, Upon our loved country thy blessings pour; Guide us and guard us from strife in the future, Let Peace dwell among us forevermore! Proudly our banner now gleams with golden lustre I Brighter each star shines in the glorious cluster! Liberty forevermore; And Peace and Union, And Peace and Union, Throughout our happy land! The chorus was well given throughout, and, all things consid¬ ered, the firemen did remarkably well. An encore was demanded and complied with. The programme was then brought to a close by singing the national air, "My country, ’tis of thee,” by the chorus, with orchestra, military bands, drum-corps, chiming of bells, and artillery accompaniments. The audience was standing and joined in the last verse, and at its close, with tremendous cheers for Mr. Gilmore, the first day of the National Peace Jubi¬ lee was brought to a happy, to a successful, and to a glorious termination. 502 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. From the Boston Transcript, June 16. THE PEACE JUBILEE. The inauguration yesterday afternoon was satisfactory in itself and of good promise. We might use stronger expressions ; but the Festival is already speaking too well for itself to need phrases of eulogy that might be mistaken for puffery or boast¬ ing. The facts tell the story. Of the magnitude, good propor¬ tions, solidity, beauty, imposing appearance, and convenience of the building there was no question. Then all the arrangements of directors, committees, ushers, police, in all the various depart¬ ments, were commendable for their plan and their execution ; the machinery, so to speak, of the grand project, working smoothly from the outset, carrying forward the programme from beginning to end in an orderly and effective style, free from all confusion and discomfort. To the eye the spectacle was brilliant and impressive, and at times,—as when there were outbursts of tremendous applause, with the waving of thousands of handkerchiefs, or when the red- shirted firemen joined the anvil chorus,—extremely picturesque. The brevity of the addresses was as commendable as their senti¬ ments were appropriately and eloquently expressed. Leaving criticism of the musical performances and descriptions of the de¬ tails of the several proceedings to other paragraphs, we simply speak here of the first day as a whole ; and it is enough to say of it, that all solicitude, doubts, and fears anybody may have en¬ tertained as to the practicability of such a Festival as was an¬ nounced, or the possibility of coming up to the letter and filling the letter with the spirit of the magnificent entertainment, as ad¬ vertised beforehand, soon vanished, to give place to confidence, delight, admiration, and almost wild enthusiasm. What was said, sung, played, and done, from the warblings of flutes to the harmonious thundering of artillery; from the joyous greetings of conductors and artists to the rousing and hearty welcome to Admiral Farragut; from the beating of the big drum to the voluminous sound of the rich-toned organ; from the charmed auditors and spectators to the array of multitudinous chorus, all went merry, solemn, and patriotic, giving rare enjoy¬ ment to everybody, and moving everybody with noble sentiments. If the initial hours are a fair indication of what is yet to come, then all clouds and fogs and mists have passed away, and this festal occasion is to be as serene and brig’ht as the favoring heavens that smile upon us this perfect morning. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 503 THE MUSICAL PROGRAMME was carried out with astonishing faithfulness and success, consid¬ ering the scale on which everything was contemplated, the really incongruous gathering of all classes and grades in the profession, and the magnitude of the experiment in massing such bodies of vocalists and instrumentalists for a unit of harmonic effect. In¬ deed, the possibilities of musical scope and grandeur under the circumstances were triumphantly asserted, and the achievement, not only in presenting externalities of music, but in fulfilling and magnifying its comprehensive spirit and intent under conditions quite unprecedented, was the greatest and most important yet on record upon this continent, or, it may be said, upon any other. The genuine, honest impressions of yesterday’s performance by the multitude that heard it, allowing for the varying judgment upon its indefinite detail, were that it was stirring and intense, appealing and commanding, lofty and majestic, grand and impos¬ ing in its combination, startling, almost, in its influence on the mind and imagination, and mighty in its concord and its manifes¬ tation of force and power. Every one present — even the most critical and skilled, the most doubting and carping, the most exi¬ gent and sensitive — must have allowed that the choruses were revelations far beyond anything previously speculated on or con¬ ceived for them, and have felt an awakening of emotion more novel and intense than ever experienced before. The first wave of sound, as it came from the combined orches¬ tra and organ and the twelve thousand chorus voices assembled, in the choral “ God is a castle and defence,” struck the keynote of the Festival,—success. The broad, deep, rich chords came with imposing sublimity, and the concert might well have closed with its inaugural piece in the experience of a lifetime that it imparted. It was in this and other kindred choral numbers, — Keller’s American Hymn, and the National Air,—where sustainment of note was obtained, that the full weight of this great musical body was felt and its accumulated harmonies made the deepest impres¬ sion. To continue on the choral numbers, the “ Gloria ” from the Twelfth Mass of Mozart was another splendid achievement, though there was an occasional disturbance in the time. Still it was great singing, the parts moving together with harmonious promptness and truth and the tutti of voices and instruments be¬ ing at times rich beyond measure. The "Star-Spangled Banner,” with its novel arrangement and 504 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. its telling- accompaniments, beyond the musical ones, of bells and cannon, kindled a burst of enthusiasm. It was rung out with vigorous tone, and the external accessories certainly gave it noble and thrilling effect. The scena from “ II Trovatore,” intro¬ ducing the one hundred members of the Fire Department at the anvils, was another piece of decidedly novel and demonstrative power. It created a furor of applause, and well deserved it for the uncommon effects produced. But the highest achievement was reserved for the “ Inflamma- tus ” from Rossini’s “ Stabat Mater,” in which Madame Parepa- Rosa, — who had previously finely and most fervently sung the ‘‘Ave Maria” of Gounod, with two hundred violinists for the obbligato, — essayed the soaring soprano air. Madame’s voice searched the vast spaces with remarkable clearness and force, and the chorus seemed impelled to their best efforts, — Zerrahn’s baton inspiringly guiding his monster forces into the fine dramatic swing of the piece, and bringing out its splendid tone, color, and its cumulative properties in a marvellous manner. Musically, this was about the consummation of the concert. The orchestral pieces were various in their effect. In the “Tannhauser” overture the lighter movements could not always be heard, and there was some wavering in those splendid passa¬ ges of violinity. But the closing chorale rescued it finely. The “ William Tell ” overture, on the other hand, was a supreme suc¬ cess, and Rossini’s wealthy instrumentation was never, we doubt, so magnificently enforced before. The “ Coronation March,” from “ The Prophet,” of course was vastly sonorous and telling. The concert closed with the national air, “ My country, ’tis of thee,” with the union of all the performing force and the mili¬ tary adjuncts to make it, especially the closing verse, in which the vast audience joined, a memorable piece to have heard, and to stir every musical and loyal emotion. The conductorship of the concert was distributed between Gilmore, Eichberg, and Zer- rahn. Each was received with signal tokens of enthusiasm, and the acquittal of their trying and comprehensive duties was mas¬ terly in the extreme. Nor must we forget the organ, which is an instrument of marvellous power and breadth, and was handled by Mr. Willcox in splendid manner for the fundamental and bril¬ liant office it was to and did serve. The musical part of the Festival yesterday was certainly ful¬ filled in a manner that could elicit naught but the most unre¬ served wonder and praise. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 505 From Zion’s Herald. THE PEACE JUBILEE. Is a wonderful success. It is not merely a victory ; it is a con¬ quest. It has no peer, no parallel. The Crystal Palace has a hall of far inferior capacity, and its orchestra and choruses are in far smaller proportions. The view was as grand as the song. Stretching back from the stand of the director two hundred feet, and spreading a hundred and fifty feet on each side, was a solid mass of what Herbert Spencer would call vocal and instrumental force. A hundred feet square was a level area, appropriated to the musicians. Thence arose in tiers the singers, ten thousand strong. Such a mass of people packed into such a space proba¬ bly was never seen before. It was only equalled by the corre¬ sponding crowds which crowded the rest of the mighty audito¬ rium. The chorus began, — "A strong tower is our God.” How grandly that grand choral of Luther’s rolled forth! The mighty soul of the mighty Reformer could almost have heard it in the high heavens, had the gates been as ajar as some imagine. The effect was overwhelming. Tears gushed from many eyes, and one could hardly keep from exclaiming, “Truly God is in this place.” This effect was in tones, not words.It was the thunder of melody. The waves of solemn sound rose and fell, soft and loud, with unspeakable majesty. The pianissimo passages were as remarkable as their opposites. To make this myriad of voices soft as a single whisper, was a triumph of training and culture that was as exciting almost as the contrary storm and madness. “The Star-Spangled Banner” introduced all the effects prom¬ ised.The organ thundered, drums beat, trumpets rang, viols screeched, and voices broke in, wave on wave of astonish¬ ing power, capped, yet not surpassed by the cannonade. This was played by one sitting close by the director, his thumb press¬ ing a bulb, and instantly firing a cannon. Such a volume of music was never dreamed of by any poet save one, him of Pat- mos and the Apocalypse. Milton’s choruses and orchestras, Wordsworth’s “King’s Chapel” and “Ode to Sound,” Lowell’s organ in the “ Legend of Brittany,” — all are paltry prose by the side of this highest poetry, the actuality of to-day. The great audience rose, flung their hats, swung their handkerchiefs, shouted, clapped, in a word, were almost beside themselves in joy and admiration. 506 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Solemnly grand was Keller’s “American Hymn,” and Holmes’s words.Yet more exciting, if possible, was “ Inflammatus,” the thrilling extract from Rossini’s “ Stab at Mater.” The wailing instruments, the wailing voice of Parepa- Rosa, the incoming of the choir, peal after peal, the outbursting of the organ, truly this was the most sublime representation "ever given on earth of the awful events the scene and song were announcing, the Day of Judgment.How these words rang and re-rang, “in die judicii ” ; the munificent wail of the great singer overtopped organ blast and trumpet’s shrill¬ ness and the roar of the thousands upon thousands of voices as she led them all in the passionate prayer, — “Fac me cruce custodiri Morte Christi proemuniri Confoveri gratia.” “ Through the loved Redeemer’s dying Let me, fondly still relying. For sweet grace and mercy pray.” Ah, thought we, as streaming eyes attested the sweep of this en¬ treaty, how many singers and hearers are seeking that trust against that day ! To how many here would its infinite grandeur be without significance, save of terror and agony ? The thunder of that day will make this dumb. Yet who that hears this is preparing for that which it feebly prefigures ? Ole Bull caught Parepa by the arm and demanded its repetition. The audi¬ ence, — “ Swept like mid ocean, When descends on the Atlantic, The gigantic Storm wind of the equinox,” rose en masse, and with shout answered shout, deep answering deep. The last stunning effect was the “ Anvil Chorus,” over which much ridicule has been expended. But if Verdi could put an anvil chorus into his arrangements, why could not Gilmore de¬ velop it after its design ? So the hundred red-shirted men, with their white caps and hammers, marched to their places, fifty on each side of the director. When all the forces were in full play, and the choir arose as one man and woman, to join the tumult of the instruments, and the cannon added its roar, the ringing an¬ vils approved the genius of Verdi. They gave a sharpness that GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 507 no voice, nor instrument, nor other noise could attain. The can¬ non was not heard, the organ lost its distinctness of utterance, the hundreds of viols were seemingly silent, yet the ringing of those hundred anvils, like a shrill soprano, overtopped the whole, and crowned at once the genius that conceived and the one that here was executing this daring feat. “America,” with like attendants, closed the scene, and the thousands upon thousands, an audience larger than many an inland city, went reeling from under the deluge. In a few moments, with ease and far less crowding than the sidewalks exhibited for half a mile from the building, the multitude left the vast amphi¬ theatre. Such was the first day. The others were like unto it, a suc¬ cess that will be historic and world-renowned. Said a travelled gentleman just home from round the world, “ I never heard the like of that in Europe, nor shall I till I hear the multitude of the heavenly host ” “ You don’t know that,” was the reply, “you have not yet tested the measure of Mr. Gilmore’s capabilities.” The projector was happiest of the happy. He thrilled and vibrated with delight. He laughed and bowed, and bowed and laughed to an audience equally excited and delighted. One man ought to have made his appearance, Professor Tourjee, through whose remarkable faculty for organization all these thousands of singers have been brought into place as deftly as polished stones in a palace “As well the singers as the players on instruments shall be there.” May all this host be yet through penitence, faith, and holiness, of the heavenly host whom no man can number, where song shall go up like the sound of many waters, even as the mighty waves of the sea, inscribing glory and honor and domin¬ ion and power to Him that sitteth upon the throne and to the Lamb forever. From the New York Herald, June 16. , THE PEACE JUBILEE. Boston, June 15, 1869. That great Peace Jubilee and Musical Festival, of which so much has been written and said, is now a fact in the history of the Yankee nation. It got a good start this afternoon, and ev¬ erything promises auspicious for the full realization of all the bril¬ liant anticipations which have been indulged in. The weather seemed to be a little adverse to a very brilliant opening in the 508 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. morning; but the old saying, that “if it rains before seven it will clear off before eleven,” proved happily true to-day, and the thousands and thousands who have combined to honor the “Hub” with their presence are as much delighted as the pro¬ jector and managers of the Jubilee. THE COLISEUM. The spacious Coliseum in which the great Festival is progress¬ ing has already been elaborately described in the Herald, and it is only necessary now to allude to it as the most generous struc¬ ture in this country in the matter of room and capacity. If it accommodates fifty thousand, as is claimed, there was certainly that number inside of it at the inauguration ceremonies and opening concert this afternoon. Early in the morning, in spite of a pelting rain, thousands of people assembled in the vicinity of the mammoth ediiice, and during the entire day, before and after the concert, and while it was progressing, every avenue of approach was thronged with coming and going pedestrians, dash¬ ing and prancing steeds, and elegant and elaborate carriages, phaetons, and other vehicles. Around the Coliseum, in its imme¬ diate neighborhood, a junior city seemed to have sprung up dur¬ ing the night. The chief features of it of course consist of eat¬ ing-houses, soda-fountains, ice-cream saloons, and the other cus¬ tomary appendages suitable to a gala occasion, including one or two theatres, an opera-house or two of the burnt-cork character, and also half a score of lager-beer saloons. ENTRANCE OF THE AUDIENCE,-A GRAND ARRAY. The doors of the Coliseum were opened for the general multi¬ tude at two o’clock, and hours before this the impatient ticket- holders were loitering about the different apertures of ingress, all anxious to gain admittance to the interior at the earliest pos¬ sible moment. When at length the critical hour arrived, and when the doors were swung back, there was a promiscuous rush for them, and the services of at least a dozen policemen were re¬ quired at each door to check the struggling masses of humanity. Immediately upon entering the audience were distributed in their seats by an army of well-trained ushers, and within an hour’s time nearly every one of the fifty thousand seats in the colossal structure was occupied. The array of beauty and fashion thus assembled was probably without a rival in this country, and the audience, together witli the elaborate and tasty decorations, the GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 509 patriotic emblems of Peace, and the various national devices, all combine to form a spectacle truly grand and impressive, and upon which every visitor looked with feelings of pride and emotion, and could only turn from with great reluctance. The floor or body of the house was generally occupied by invited guests and other gentlemen, while the galleries were generally sought by the ladies and gentlemen accompanying them, thus exhibit¬ ing to good advantage such a sea of female beauty and love¬ liness as was rarely if . ever before gathered in one common con¬ course. .... THE OPENING CEREMONIES. With commendable promptness the ceremonies of inauguration were commenced at three o’clock. Alexander H. Rice, as Presi¬ dent of the occasion, called the audience to order, and then prayer was offered by Rev. Edward Everett Hale. .... Mayor Shurtleff followed the prayer with a brief address of welcome. .... After the Mayor had concluded, Mr. Alexander H. Rice occupied about half an hour in delivering an address on the “Restoration of Peace and Union.” THE PROGRAMME. At a quarter past three o’clock Mr. P. S. Gilmore mounted the conductor’s stand. .... Many there were, especially among the myriad musicians, who doubted — nay, sneered — at the pos¬ sibility of. success, musically speaking, in such a vast enterprise, which included eleven thousand singers and one thousand musi¬ cians in the orchestra, brought together without the slightest possibility of adequate rehearsals for such gigantic concerts. The programme was well selected for one requisite to display the massive power of such a combination of musicians. RECEPTION OF CONDUCTOR GILMORE. There were evident signs of uneasiness and anxiety on the face of the conductor as he moved his baton for the opening choral. The reception accorded to him, the originator, the leader, the chief spirit and the engineer of this enterprise, was one that might well make the proudest chief that ever history immortal¬ ized feel envious of, had he been present. The entire audience rose to their feet and joined with the chorus in a perfect volcano of applause. Ladies waved handkerchiefs, and the cheers of twenty thousand people rolled up towards the vast roof as a 510 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. grateful libation to a man who may now be termed a public bene¬ factor. , THE MUSIC. Martin Luther’s well-known hymn seemed to have been placed first as a test merely of the elfect of the chorus and orchestra; then came an ordeal for the orchestra, — the overture to “ Tann- hauser.” Julius Eichberg was the conductor. He "took the tempo exceedingly slow, probably through fear lest the hetero¬ geneous elements beneath his baton should not otherwise follow it with sufficient precision. Then for the first time did the won¬ derful power of the orchestra become known. The strings over¬ shadowed everything, even the formidable brass band. The wind instruments were the weakest. Among the first-violins sat Ole Bull, Howard Glover, one or two of the Mollenhauers, and Carl Rosa. Those magnificent passages of semitone scales which accompany and adorn the Pilgrim chorus in this overture were given with a precision and spirit which I have never heard before, even in small orchestras or at the Sydenham palace concerts in England. Even expression was there, and as the last notes of the subject died away the violins sounded like the sighing of the winter wind through a forest of unleaved pines.After the overture Carl Zerrahn took the baton, and the first part of the “Gloria” of Mozart’s Twelfth Mass and chorus was rendered. Orchestra and organ took up this grand work. There was con¬ siderable lagging on the verses, and the conductor had to drag them through with difficulty. Madame Parepa-Rosa then sang Gounod’s “ Ave Maria.” Her voice was not sufficient to fill the immense building, though the tones were pure and expressive as usual. The two-hundred-violin obbligato was the best feature of this piece, but there was no sound heard of the Bach prelude on which this beautiful melody is built. It is generally played on a piano or harp, but on this occasion was either omitted or ren¬ dered inaudible. The “Star-Spangled Banner” brought the ar¬ tillery into play. The effect was indescribable. The guns spoke outside in exact time with the music, being discharged by means of electricity, and the audience joined in the last verse. All that has ever been written of music falls short to describe adequately the effect of this piece. As well might one attempt to portray the grandeur of the ocean in a storm or the resistless rush of the hurricane. The “ Tell ” overture in the second part was another triumph for the orchestra. It went like clockwork. The “ Coronation GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 511 March ” was taken so slow that it became dreary, and, besides, the big drum got a little mixed towards the end. But the grand¬ est of all the works performed was the “Anvil Chorus,” from the “Trovatore.” The scene from the balcony was one to re¬ member for a lifetime. As the chorus stood up, tier after tier, and the steady stroke upon a hundred anvils mingled with the avalanche of voices and instruments, the ear was deafened with the noise and the eye was dazzled with the sight. A dense sea of heads surged above the seats set aside for the chorus and one hundred red shirts marked the line of anvils. Nothing like this has ever been heard in music before. That the experiment of massing voices and instruments together on such an enormous scale is a success, would be little to say for the triumph which has crowned the first concert. The organ is the best for the pur¬ pose I have ever heal'd, not excepting the one used at the Syden¬ ham Palace or the great one at St. George’s Hall, Liverpool. Its tones were heard and felt clear over and through the host of voices and instruments. At times it seemed to overshadow all, and its thunder tones shook the building.The streets are crowded to-night, and everybody is feeling gay and festive over the successful inauguration of the great aflair. From the New York World, June 17. THE MORNING OF THE FIRST DAY. Boston woke up transfused with national contrarieties. There was no longer reason to doubt her congested and satisfactory condition. The uncomfortable crowds which had been poured into her sober but crooked streets by every State gave them a fierce flush of vitality. It was a commingling without assimila¬ tion. Every man brought his meridian with him. His isothermal lines were ineradicable. I could “spot” New York jumping the crossings with his habitual fear of horse-cars, and talking loudly of the Central Park on the Common. You could put your finger on Chicago und^r the portico of the hotel, carrying that nervous audacity of the Mushroom City in his face, which so completely outstrips the complacent egotism of the self-conscious Athens. You remark the dead level of the prairie in his aesthetics, and the bluster of Lake Michigan in his politics. No Alpine heights in his patriotism, no summit of sentiment sun-tipped and song- haunted here. The calm expanse of his unobstructed mind grows you corn and wheat. I have even caught Cincinnati wearing a label, and heard Philadelphia advertise itself by inordinate praise 512 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. of Boston, when New-Yorkers were within hearing. But as I am giving you the premonitory part of the Festival as it is played in the streets, I must say that New England colors all. Maine and Massachusetts with greater numbers tone the whole hetero- genity sharply, and Vermont and Connecticut flavor the national Salamagundi as with a pepper-box. Every type of Down East is set in this chorus-book. The traditional yeoman of the country comes upon you at all times and all places, and as you eye him with cosmopolitan curiosity, he drops upon you with provincial familiarity. Everywhere doubly multitudinous and altogether more noticeable is that common-school element, the thrifty, ama¬ teurish, moral mediocrity of the great Commonwealth, the impu¬ dent, smart, and loyal average of Down East. Its clerks, its shopkeepers, its nascent lawyers, who will put away their books in a year or two and become candidates ; its operatives, who read the Atlantic Monthly; its horny-handed deacons and serious selectmen ; its singing-masters, sortie of them wearing the mark of Ichabod Crane, in spite of the attempts of science and society to rub it out; the choir-girls, with their faces sharply cut but finely tinted, coming from all those whitewashed homes on the hills where the syringa and gelder-rose look in at the windows and the lilacs bloom redolently in the doorways. Sweet inno¬ cents, that you meet at every turn, with meagre forms but vital movement, who sing air and counter through all the Sundays of their placid year in curtained galleries, without once suspecting that the gross outside world look upon them as soprani and con- iralti; who have had lovers wounded in Massachusetts regiments ; who write for the Waverley Magazine ; who run to pink ribbons and sewing-circles till they are eighteen, and then wake up to the broad responsibilities of teaching school and peopling the great West. Wiry, saucy rustics, knowing more in a minute than a battalion of coddled charmers could comprehend in a life¬ time, and prettier, withal the flicker of prudery is in their man¬ ners, than any Watteau shepherdesses I ever saw; with a good deal of the silex of their hard hills in their slender bones, and something of the clear, sharp atmosphere in their voices. Beady at a moment’s notice, if the deacons, or town council, or the newspapers, and above all, if Boston call on them, to pour out sibilant psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, and make melody in their hearts, provided always that half-fare tickets are issued and the exercises are opened with prayer, but knowing and caring as much about the “ideal expanse of spiritual ecstasies” as set forth by the Festival Committee, as that lumberman who is sur- GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 513 veying the Coliseum knows and cares about the rhapsodies of Ruskin. For which I love them collectively, notwithstanding they chew gum an! carry that abominable Waverley sticking out of their reticules. I am particular in this specification that you may know THE CHARACTER OF THE CROWD. One wonders, in surveying it, how many Norwoods have been depopulated by this cataplanx of Gilmore’s ; or if not depopu¬ lated, had all the sap of beauty and youth drawn off, and are now baking aridly on the bills, bereft of pink ribbons and shrill doxol- ogies. The lumberman, whose broadcloth disguise does not hide the red-flannel shirt-sleeves, is Whittier’s very man. He came booming, at Gilmore’s clarion call, down Northern rivers from “ Where the crystal Ambijijis Stretches broad and clear, And Millnoket’s pine-black ridges Hide the browsing deer.” A lusty Nantucket beauty, lush with sea nursing, a very nereid fit to raise nabobs, and having two cousins hooked on her arms, with their months sweetly puckered into an organic “ do, re, mi,” has just asked me if I did n’t want to tell her where the Cape Cod Harmonic met. Obviously I did, and more, but one finds how ridiculously limited is his stock of information in such a crisis. Notwithstanding it has rained again this morning there is an unusual stir in the streets (many of them are choked by crowds lingering over mountebanks or listening to advertisers), and Bos¬ ton wears a jubilee face. Flags and banners are floating in the damp air. Trombones and violin-cases are shooting round cor¬ ners. Fresh choristers are emptied into the thoroughfares by every train. Washington Street is full of the din of thankfulness and the clack of trade. “Let us have Peace” is painted on all the big drums and little flags, but the indefatigable tradesmen of Boston are shouting on that street, “Let us have hats,” let us have “cheap suits,” let us have sewing-machines, pianos, gar- den-seeds, and hair-dye. Platoons of boys poke Peace circulars, Festival records, musical handbills, and Jubilee flyers into your face and pockets and hands. To stand still is perilous; to sit down is to be covered in five minutes with a load of illuminated paper. Nothing can be more curious than to hear a city of shopkeepers using aesthetics for trade purposes, and twisting thankfulness and 33 514 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. jubilation into profit. Every municipal nerve and sinew has been strained to make the most out of the visitors; and, singularly enough, the papers and speech-makers are continually talking about the free and bounteous welcome and the unlimited hospital¬ ity of Boston, just as though the visitors did not pay double for their entertainment. About twelve o’clock the tide began to set towards the Coli¬ seum. As early as half past nine a smaller crowd of about five hundred representatives of rural newspapers had sat down to A PRESS COLLATION, in obedience to invitation. It was the regular thing, — cham¬ pagne, chicken-salad, and ham sandwiches, a speech of welcome from the Mayor, a poem by somebody, a great deal of real earnest effort on the part of the recipients to appease habitual appetites, and a great deal on the part of the speakers to impress the repre¬ sentatives with the magnitude of the Festival undertaking. The efforts of both parties met with gratifying success, and by the time the square municipal meal had been eaten, and every dis¬ tended stomach surmounted with a blue badge, the larger crowd had extended down Boylston Street, overcome the marl heaps, * and begun to gather multitudinously about the great entrance¬ way. From this time THE OUTSIDE SCENES grew interesting and diversified. Upon the muddy plateau which constitutes St. James Park and the environs of the Coliseum there are about five hundred lesser jubilees going on, in the shape of circuses, nigger-shows, exhibitions of fat women, double-legged cows, beer-gardens, and ventriloquism. Right through this auda¬ cious community, whose broad coliseums encroach upon the soft gravel that they call the “main approach,” comes the thickening crowd of jubilators proper. Looking up Boylston Street, the black, moving mass dwindles away in the distance like the dusky folds of an interminable serpent, and the glittering spots here and there you may know are trumpets and trombones. Upon the steps of the houses in St. James Street may be seen the patient sitters that in New York take possession of the same privileges just before a procession passes, and all about the “grand en¬ trance,” and the “ press'entrance,” and “ committee entrance,” and “chorus entrance,” are hundreds of impecunious jubilators, fervent in spirit but short in stamps, resolved to hear and strain¬ ing to see into the inner space. To their credit be it said, they GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 515 little heed the allurements of the hurdy-gurdy, and are blind to the blandishments of the fat woman. They have a Spartan firm¬ ness which will keep their ears open and their necks stretched until the forty anvils are done with. THE SCENE INSIDE. Entering the Coliseum at half past two o’clock, a scene pre¬ sented itself never beheld before by mortal eye. An assemblage of thirty thousand people in a concert-hall ! The transept of the Crystal Palace never saw it, and never will. The final glories of the French Exposition fell far short of it. A vast perspective of human faces that stretches out in the broad galleries to a tinted indistinctness in the distance of the building. A mighty expanse of chorus banked up away to the east. Acres of singers, so far off that you can just see that the great mass is composed of liv¬ ing souls; and, until you use your opera-glass, will not know that the peculiar undulation, which seems like the effect of flurries of heat, is nothing but the motion of thousands of fans. Whether there is any magnetism in this aggregation of human beings, we cannot say ; but, looking over the tremendous concourse from the gallery, it strangely thrills you at the first, and this before you have realized that it is the population of a small city that is gath¬ ered for the first time within the focus of your eye. You scan the array of performers much as one would gaze upon a new land¬ scape. Sweeping the chorus and the orchestra beneath without being able to tell where one ends or the other begins, down to the raised platform in front, you see the Rev. Edward Everett Hale in his robes, and with uplifted hands, making the opening- prayer, not a word of which reaches you. When the Mayor, Mr. N. B. Shurtleff, follows, you know he is welcoming the visitors, and that you can read it the next morning in the papers. Some phrases of the Hon. Alexander H. Rice’s address on the Restora¬ tion of Peace reach you, but you are in good humor, for Boston has set the noble example of putting two speeches and a prayer into half an hour, and, considering all that Boston had to say, this was magnanimous in the extreme. Although not more than two fifths of the audience heard the address, the five fifths applauded it promptly, which showed how well they appreciated its main virtue, — brevity. Some little stir is occasioned by the entrance of Ole Bull, who comes tower¬ ing down between the performers, and takes his seat nearest the audience, by the side of Carl Rosa, among the first-violins. Pres¬ ently Mr. P. S. Gilmore makes his appearance. The chorus see 516 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. him first. They break out in white handkerchiefs, — the whole acre of soprano is fluttering, like a hillside of blossoms in a breeze of its own. The audience feel it, and then break out in applause. Fifty thousand hands make a grand tribute, but they are not enough; voices join them and roll into a tremendous, prolonged cheer, which falls at the feet of the man as he stands bowing upon the conductor’s platform, holding his hand on his heart as though this magnificent coup d’ceil or the stunning consummation of his pet scheme was producing that transient hypertrophy which joy alone is said to do. The earnest greeting volleys along the aisles in heavy billows a moment, and, dying out, gives place to a breathless silence ; for now we are to have THE MUSIC. Luther’s stately choral, “ God is a castle and defence,” is the opening piece. The organ sounds the key-note ; there is a move¬ ment of the human sea ; the conductor extends his baton, — they have risen in a curiously ponderous manner. He is standing on his toes; his baton sweeps the circle of singers and performers. And now rises such a volume of sound as never before greeted human ears. It has a mystic puissance that cannot be analyzed. Its extended source destroys the sense of locality. It fills the air with its new vibrations, that bring to us a novel emotion of universality. It mounts with a grandeur that gives us a new sensation. There are no favored registers heard, no individual voices ; everything personal, trivial, local, is drowned out in the majestic flow of this grand chorus. Having felt the first effects of the combination, having remarked that they have touched the auditory with the new potency, as the ear becomes accustomed to the surging and swelling of the tide, we become, too, calm enough to perceive that it is not the bulk of the sound that is effec¬ tive ; indeed, a very general disappointment was felt that the united forces produced no louder music. People had expected a concussion of the air; they were surprised that the building did not tremble and that the music could not be heard four or five squares off. They found that in the ratio of size there was new smoothness, a new solemnity ; instead of being volcanic, it was aerial. They were disappointed in the loudness, but moved by the majesty. The critical portion of the audience felt at once what Berlioz meant by a “prodigious sensitiveness for grada¬ tions of aggregate ” and that orchestral crescendo which “ spread roaringly like a conflagration.” In less than ten minutes a great question had been settled forever by Mr. Gilmore. He had GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 517 shown the practicability of conducting an orchestra and choral force of ten thousand as smoothly as Carl Bergmann conducts the Philharmonic, and obtaining all the effects which the increased number promised, with perhaps the single one of loudness. The choral was sung and- played with quite as much accuracy of time and tone as is enjoyed at the concerts of one of our first-class musical organizations. The distinction was similar to that which may be felt in the performance of the same piece of music by an excellent pianist and a masterly organist upon their respective instruments. The overture to the “ Tannhauser ” .... was hardly a suc¬ cess. It is not the piece for an experiment of this kind. The brass was singularly weak for some reason, and the march, though given with a promptitude which was remarkable in itself, lacked the force of the choral. The "Gloria” from the Twelfth Mass (which the programme contributes conclusively to Mozart, though we believe his authorship has been strongly questioned) was a return to the eloquence and majesty of the choral. Mr. Julius Eichberg, who had conducted the performance of the "Tannhau¬ ser,” gave way to Carl Zerrahn in the "Gloria.” Neither of these able and popular Boston maestri exhibited the energy, decision, and happy adaptation of themselves to the exigencies of such a situation which distinguished Mr. Gilmore. He seemed to have imparted much of his own enthusiasm to the singers, and made himself felt by all of them in his unmistakable and forcible man¬ ner. This was particularly observable in the performance of the two show-pieces of the occasion, — "The Star-Spangled Ban¬ ner” and the "Anvil Chorus.” The first was accompanied with orchestra, military band, drum-corps, and a park of artillery. These numerous orchestral agencies were skilfully managed, and it is only just to say that the cannonade gave an emphasis to the song which it would not have had without it, and was not un¬ pleasant to the ears, although the guns were stationed in the immediate vicinity of the building. The boom of each cannon was as prbmpt as the thud of the great drum, and it must be remembered that the performer played upon the electric battery which discharged these pieces under the baton of the conductor. The success of the explosive episode seemed to please the audi¬ ence immoderately. They actually forgot the limits of Boston propriety and yelled for more, until Mr. Gilmore, with his hand on his heart, bowed acquiescence, and the thing was repeated. Specifically, it was in both instances a triumph of skill and in¬ genious appliances. The " Anvil Chorus ” was a pure piece of 518 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. stage effect. The anvils were placed in two long rows running back across the deep orchestral platform, and in the depths of the musicians could be seen the two lines of red-shirted, brawny firemen, armed with hammers. The appearance of these musi¬ cians was a success in itself. Their performance was hardly equal to the expectations they had raised. Still it was a big thing, and the twenty thousand broke out in a fresh yell of exac¬ tion, and it was repeated. Perilous as was the venture of Ma¬ dame Parepa-Rosa to sing the “ Ave Maria ” and “ Inflammatus ” in space after such ad captandum prodigies, she came out tri¬ umphantly. The solo of Gounod’s filled the vast building, and the obbligato of two hundred violins was as soft and sweet as any harpsichord accompaniment. The splendid portion of the “ Sta- bat Mater” was even a more pronounced success, in that it was wholly unfit for the place. The admirable ease with which this vocalist poured her affluent notes into the most distant ears in the place was the most remarkable feature of the vocal part of the concert. The “ Inflammatus ” was encored, and after its repe¬ tition the population of the Coliseum, chorus and all, went off into a prolonged fit of gratulation. The other instrumental selec¬ tions were Rossini’s overture to “ William Tell ” and Meyerbeer’s “ Coronation March,” from “ The Prophet.” .... What would have been Charley’s sensations on hearing it performed by one thousand musicians we can imagine ; on hearing it on the night of the first production of “The Prophet” in Paris he exclaimed, “ This is a march to which myriads might sweep to victory ! ” The first day’s concert concluded with the national air, “My country, ’t is of thee,” with the use of the tremendous appliances at hand and the assistance of the audience in the last verse. From Watson’s Art Journal. THE GREAT PEACE JUBILEE AND MUSICAL FESTIVAL. Boston, St. James Hotel, Tuesday, June 15, 1869. The first day of this mucli-talked-of Festival fully justified our prediction in advance,—it was a success in every one of its features. We attended the two great Musical Festivals given by the Handel and Haydn Society, and had learned by experience to appreciate the earnest but quiet enthusiasm of the Boston people, — an enthusiasm which exhibited itself in acts and not in words ; we were fully prepared for the magnificent result of an enterprise in which every citizen of Boston was interested, both GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 519 in a local and a national point of view. The idea was sufficiently broad to be grasped by the most passionless intellect, and its ele¬ ments were sufficiently brilliant to dazzle even the most cautious and unsympathetic. The great Peace which fell upon our land, after a long and ter¬ rible period of bloodshed and devastation, had had no fitting utterance in thanksgiving, — the voice of the people was dumb before the Lord, — and they rejoiced in small communities, ac¬ cording as their selfish ends were benefited by the close of the war. No city had come out fearlessly and called upon the people to join together in a Jubilee, and with a hundred thousand voices give praises unto God for his exceeding goodness, and for that great mercy which has bound us together onee more as a united people. The suggestion emanating from the brain of one man, struck the heart of the people, for it offered a remedy for a duty neglected, and opened up the inner sentiment of the neces¬ sity for a public thanksgiving, which every one felt, while no one dared to take the initiative. How Mr. P. S. Gilmore stepped forward, propounded his plans, gained hearers, and finally sup¬ porters, our readers are already acquainted with, through the articles already published in these columns. We have given Mr. Gilmore credit for the conception of the idea, for his indomitable determination in carrying it out, and we have now to congratulate him upon the success of his patriotic and noble undertaking, — a success which has no parallel, we believe, in the history of the world. We arrived in Boston at six o’clock on Tuesday morning, and merely waited to remove the signs of travel from our exterior, and eat our matutinal meal, before sallying forth to see how Bos¬ ton looked under the pressure of an extraordinary excitement. Before nine a. m. the streets began to be thronged by idlers, intent upon seeing something, and evidently belonging not to Boston proper. They were strangers, and many of them had come a thousand miles to join either as singers or as spectators, but all equally determined to take one part or the other in the Great National Peace Jubilee and Musical Festival. It was a most animated sight, the more so as three fifths of the whole of them carried music-books in their hands, and wore that look of pleased excitement as though anticipating a keen pleasure to come; and we knew that it was no common, sight-seeing pleas¬ ure that was anticipated, but a genuine satisfaction at being priv¬ ileged to take part in the grandest musical jubilee that this or any other nation ever saw. But besides the singers and visitors. 520 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. another all-pervading element jostled us at every step. All Bos¬ ton seemed to be one vast musical warehouse ; every now and then a cloud of Germans would sweep by us, loaded down with fiddle-cases or ponderous brass things done up in green-baize ; then would come a detachment of double-basses and violoncellos, not to mention such small game as flutes, oboes, or clarionets. Music was literally on legs all over Boston on that morning. We visited the huge Coliseum, — huge in proportion, but not unseemly, although its parallelogrammatic form seems somewhat opposed to the idea of beauty, — and found it a perfect hive of busy mortals. Each department of the complicated business eler ments of the Jubilee was crowded by anxious applicants for one thing or the other, and matters were not facilitated by the curi¬ ous mob which blocked up the road to each entry. Still, good order prevailed. The busiest bureau was certainly that of the Press Committee. It was literally besieged. .... When we entex - ed the Coliseum at half past two p. m., the building was but sparsely peopled, but from that time up to three o’clock, the crowd that was flowing increased in numbers minute by minute. Few present, however, noted the steady increase of the audience, for every eye was fixed upon the orchestra. As, file by file, the chorus advanced to their seats, filling row after row, the number seemed endless, and as the hundreds mounted to thousands, and still they poured in, we were literally over¬ whelmed with astonishment. Ten thousand singers sat before us, and we actually trembled with excitement for fear they should burst into song, and startle us unprepared with the thunder of their harmony. Hardly less surprising was it to watch the hun¬ dreds of violin-players take their places, then the forest of huge brass instruments, and lastly the heads of the cellos and basses striking up like a crowded bed of asparagus. Crowning the back of all was something composed of pipes. We believed it to be an organ, but everybody laughed at the idea that such a little thing as that could make itself heard above the combined strength of ten thousand voices and eleven hundred instruments. We had, however, profound faith in the Hooks, and told our friends to suspend their judgments and wait for further developments. The order of the programme for the first day was as fol¬ lows. The prayer by the Rev. Edward Everett Hale was brief, but earnest and impressive. His Honor Mayor Shurtleff’s speech was genial, to the purpose, and brief, — points not often attained by public speakers. The address of the orator of the day, Hon. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 521 Alexander H. Rice, was admirable in all its points. It reviewed the history of the past war, touched on the lessons which it taught, and paid just homage to the enterprise of Boston, and to the noble charities, and to the splendid systems of learning which she has encouraged and fostered, and which is by far the bright¬ est jewel in her civic crown. Mr. Rice’s address was applauded to the echo, and it well deserved that applause. Then came a brief pause and a silence, which was broken by the appearance of Mr. P. S. Gilmore on the stage. He was re¬ ceived with tumultuous applause, orchestra and chorus joining with the audience, and such vehement applause, accompanied by shouts and the waving of hats and handkerchiefs as has rarely been our fate to witness, either here or in Europe. It was an ovation justly due to Mr. Gilmore, and it must have been a proud moment to him to find his efforts so grandly appreciated. After this greeting a deathless silence ensued, Gilmore’s baton waved, the chorus rose, and the first notes of that marvellous combina¬ tion rolled through the vast area of the Coliseum. We confess that for the first few bars our feeling was one of disappointment, for the tone did not seem at all adequate to the vast numbers employed. Notwithstanding what we have written upon the subject — that the sound did not increase in proportion to the means employed, save in massive richness of quality — we did expect a grander result; but the fact is that the sight of such vast numbers raised expectation too high, and the reaction was disappointing. But as the solemn strains of the noble hymn, “God is a castle and defence,” progressed, the actual grandeur of the performance made itself felt, and. we were compelled to acknowledge that we had never before heard anything so sublime as that solid mass of sound which issued from the combined force of thousands of voices and instruments bound together and sus¬ tained by the most powerful organ ever erected in a music-hall. Positive promptitude of attack could hardly be expected from so vast a body of singers, and at distances so remote from each other, but we could find no fault with the precision of this cho¬ rus. Mr. Gilmore’s beat was so positive that every one could see it and feel it, and it seemed to gather in the parts so that there were no loiterers by the way. The grand power of the combined forces was better exemplified in this fine old choral than in any other piece of the programme, for Mr. Gilmore secured a perfect pianissimo from both chorus and orchestra. The effect was positively magical. The contrast was immense, and that breathed-out whisper from that vast body 522 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. of singers and players was more sublime than the grandest for¬ tissimo. The applause which greeted this first essay of the mon¬ ster organization was an earnest of the success which was doubted but hoped for, — and the hope was fulfilled even beyond the most sanguine expectations. The Taunhauser Overture was conducted by Mr. Eichberg, an accomplished musician, who will be remembered in New York by his pleasant operetta, “The Doctor of Alcantara.” The work was faithfully rendered, but was by no means as effective as we expected it would be. The various figures did not come out in relief,—more especially, that wonderful down-streaming figure for the violins. It is clear that, to a certain extent, the stringed instrument tones absorb each other ; and that the numbers can be increased until the individual characteristics of the instruments are lost. Mr. Eichberg conducted with a firm, clear beat; and although he could not move the mass up to the needed vivacity, he kept them well in hand and under control. The “Gloria,” from Mozart’s Twelfth Mass, conducted by Mr. Carl Zerrahn, was a very unsatisfactory performance. No one will question Mr. Zerrahn’s ability,—that has been too well proved through many a musical campaign ; but on this occasion it was almost impossible to recognize his beat, it was so wild and eccentric. The result was, that the chorus, to a great ex¬ tent, was a seesaw, and was only redeemed by the steadiness of the orchestra and the organ. The “ Ave Maria” of Gounod, sung by Madame Parepa-Eosa, delighted all present. The accompaniment for two hundred vio¬ lins sounded well, but would have been heard to better advantage had the stringed orchestral accompaniment been more audible; as it was, we could hear nothing but the glorious voice of Parepa and the violin solo accompaniment. Parepa, however, carried her audience with her, — her reception was an ovation, and at the close of the Ave the applause was scarcely less enthusiastic. Then came the national air, “ The Star-Spangled Banner,” ari’anged with certain effects by P. S. Gilmore. This was one of the enormous successes of the day, owing to the fact that it was grandly performed, and that its sentiment roused up all the American feeling among the auditors. The verses were ar¬ ranged, first for basses and tenors, and next for sopranos and altos, and after each the full chorus, orchestra, and organ. The last verse was sung with all the grandeur of the whole combina¬ tion, with the addition of firing cannon to mark the beat. It would be impossible to describe the effect this piece produced GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 523 upon the audience; it set them half wild, and the whole house rose as one man or woman, we do not know which, and amid thunders of applause, waving of handkerchiefs, and shouts of “Bravo!” the spirit-stirring chorus was repeated. Taking all the specialties into consideration, this chorus was admirably per¬ formed. There was perfect unity between the orchestra, organ, and chorus, and even the cannons exploded to a very semi-second of time. The second part opened with the “Hymn of Peace,” written by Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, to Keller’s “American Hymn.” This was sung in a solid and effective manner, and was warmly applauded. The overture to “William Tell,” directed by Mr. Gilmore, was played in a very spirited manner, although the violins hardly maintained their necessary supremacy. Still, the performance was a strong feature of the programme. The “ Inflammatus,” from the “ Stabat Mater” of Rossini, light¬ ened up the programme wonderfully. Of the composition it is needless to speak, save upon one point, — that of the grand closing climax. We have all heard it with the ordinary re¬ sources ; but from a previous experience but little idea can be formed of the glorious and thrilling effect upon this occasion, when ten thousand voices, a thousand instruments, and an organ of a thousand-horse power, came in to pile power upon power upon the grand colscendo. Madame Parepa-Rosa sang this su¬ perbly. There was no faltering from the beginning to the end; she attacked all her notes squarely, and above all mass of sound her beautiful voice rang out like a clarion. It was one of the great triumphs of the day, and was repeated upon a demand whose enthusiasm could not be resisted. The “ Coronation March,” from “ Le Prophete ” of Meyerbeer, conducted by Mr. Eichberg, was a fine performance, with the exception that the shading was deficient; but in promptness and decision it far exceeded our expectations. We come now to the most discussed number on the programme, namely, the “ Anvil Chorus.” The selection of this piece, with its accompaniment of one hundred anvils, has been a fruitful source of ridi6ule with all those who, upon some sort of principle, derided the whole idea of the Festival. The composition is uni¬ versally popular, and in the opera it has no possible bearing upon the plot. It is a cunningly devised effect between the poet and the musician, and its introduction or omission would not affect the action of the piece in the slightest degree. It is simply a 524 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. piece of music which delights the public ear, and when it is per¬ formed with fifty or sixty voices it is accompanied by two anvils, played upon by two hammers and two gypsies. On this occa¬ sion, to please the public, it is sung by ten thousand voices, played by one thousand instruments, accompanied by one hun¬ dred anvils, touched up by one hundred hammers in the hands of one hundred Boston firemen, with a slight sprinkling of cannon in the hands of the Boston artillery. It is just as legitimate in one place as in the other. It was played and sung as well as it could be under any circumstances, and the percussion and deto¬ nating accompaniments were prompt upon time. We shall not attempt to describe the effect! A roar of applause ran through the hall ; it was echoed and re-echoed amid a frantic waving of handkerchiefs, and the excited thousands jumped on the benches and shouted for its repetition. Of course it was repeated, and received almost equal demonstrations of delight at its close. After such an intense excitement, it may well be imagined that the grand but simple air “America” (God save the Queen) should fall somewhat flatly. It coiild hardly be otherwise; and yet it was sung with a simple and massive grandeur that would have created a perfect furor at an earlier stage of the programme. As it was the audience remained to the last, and joining in the last verse sent up a body of sound that far surpassed all previous conception. This closed the first day of the Great National Peace Jubilee and Musical Festival, and it is but doing simple justice to record that, with a few deficiencies, it must be classed as one of the greatest successes ever achieved in this country. It was an overwhelming effect with the public ; the press pronounced it a success, and the musicians themselves accord it the same. So Boston has come out with its “big thing,” and carried every¬ thing before it, and can afford to turn round, and, with a benig¬ nant smile, laugh in the face of New York, the false prophet, and the ungenerous detractor. Ole Bull played the first of the first-violins to-day, and Carl Rosa played the second. Ole Bull met with a hearty reception, which he received with his well-known humility, and Mr. Carl Rosa simply bowed his thanks. Carl Zerrahn received a most brilliant reception, and Julius Eicliberg also came in for a full share of friendly recognition. We shall conclude our account of this Titanic festival next week. W. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 525 THE SECOND DAY OF THE PEACE JUBILEE, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16, 1869, opened bright and beautiful. Not a cloud hung over the city; Peace sat in its gates, and all its paths were paths of pleasantness to the thousands of strangers who crowded every avenue of approach to the Coliseum. It was one of those “ perfect days ” in June of which Lowell has written: — “ And what is so rare as a day in June ? Then, if ever, come perfect days; Then Heaven tries the earth if it be in tune, And over it softly her warm ear lays.” Truly no spot upon earth was in more perfect tune, or in more harmonious accord with all that is pure and beautiful under heaven, than was the historic soil of Boston upon this day: the golden sunshine rested like a benediction on the city, and flooded all hearts with happiness. The morning papers devoted not only columns but pages to a description of the first day’s success, and the whole nation had the Jubilee for breakfast, the wires upon the several telegraph lines being kept in full operation all night, the busy Ariels of the Press flitting on wings of lightning to all parts of the land, till the grand result was known hundreds and thousands of miles away almost as soon as Boston was awake to the fame she had achieved. As a general thing the representatives of the press from abroad were as enthusiastic and eulogistic in their praises as their brethren of Boston; so that wherever the “ flaming heralds run ” excitement was on tip-toe concerning the Festival. Thousands regretted they were not in Boston, and thousands who had the least prospect of reaching the city in time now disregarded every call of business and made all haste to witness some part of the week’s festivities. 526 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. While the wonderful music seemed to fill all hearts with harmony and furnish all the novelty and interest that could be desired, still its attractions and the at¬ tractions of the entire Festival were greatly increased upon the second day by the presence of His Excel¬ lency U. S. Grant, President of the United States, who with several distinguished personages arrived in Bos¬ ton by an early train, and was at once taken to his apartments at the St. James Hotel. During the morning the St. James was thronged with visitors anxious to pay their respects to the great Captain who had rescued the nation from the thrall of War, and restored Peace to her rightful possession. The “ Conquering Hero ” would receive such an ova¬ tion to-day, such an harmonious ovation, as was never paid to the head of a nation before. In anticipation of the President’s arrival the following order was issued by authority of the Governor of the State. tfj of lltassadrastffs. HEADQUARTERS Boston, June 14, 1869. f r . Major-General B. F. Butler, commanding Division M. Y. M., will report with his command on Boston Common at eleven o’clock, a. m., on Wednesday the 16th inst., for the purpose of being reviewed by the President of the United States at twelve o’clock meridian. Immediately after the review the President will he escorted to the Coliseum, arriving there at one and a half o’clock, p. m. By order of His Excellency William Claflin, Governor, and Commander-in-Chief. JAMES A. CUNNINGHAM, A hia Inquirer. << (( Concord (N. H.) Patriot. Wiscasset (Me.) Seaside Oracle. Lee (Mass.) Gleaner and Advocate. Sacramento (Cal. ^ Bee. New . York Times. Portland (Me.) Zion's Advocate. Lyndon (Vt.) Union. Detroit (Mich.) Free Press. St. John (N. B.) Christian Visitor. Neiv Haven (Conn.) Music Journal. Richmond (Va.) State Journal. Gardiner (Me.) Home Journal. New York Insurance Monitor. Wilmington (Del.) Daily Commercial. Pawtucket (R. I.) Gazette and Chronicle. Burlington (Vt.) Free Press and Times. Nashville (Tenn.) Republican Banner. Quincy (Ill.) Herald. Chicago (Ill.) Advance. Manchester (N. H.) Mirror. Plymouth (Mass.) Sentinel. St. John (N. B.) Journal. Rutland (Vt.) Independent. Cincinnati (Ohio) Gazette. Lowell (Mass.) Citizen and News. London (Eng.) Anglo-American Times. St. Louis (Mo.) Commercial Bulletin. Pittsfield (N. II.) Valley Times. GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 673 P. L. Cox. B. P. Shillaber. T. F. Curtis. Chas. H. Haeseler, M. D. . . . W. B. Crooks . T. Paine. J. A. Dresser. B. B. Whittemore. A. M. Griswold. Coates Kinney. E. C. Chace. James M. Bunker. William Wells Brown . . . . George T. Adams. George W. Marston. George W. Spencer . George W. Quimby. C. H. Lyman. John Eoss. T. H. Hubbard. Eichard T. Lockley. A. J. SUNDERLIN. S. B. Pratt. Charles E. Day. G. 0. Bailey. H. A. Philbrook. Edward Atkinson. T. D. Plumb . J. Leonard Gray. Edwin Morton. C. H. Woodwell. L. L. Davis. Wm. P. Fuller. W. A. Start . J. W. Nichols. J. M. Poland. H. E. Cheney . Samuel S. Miles. 0. L. French . K. M. Mansur. S. E. Herrick. Charles C. Eoberts. J. V. Ellis. F. S. Leman. G. M. Fisk. S. L. Boardman. C. E. Keach. William Compton. E. Gardner. Japheth Cross. C. C. Coffin. 43 Lijnn Reporter. Flag of our Union, Boston. Boston (Mass.) Ledger. Pottsville (Pa.) Miners' Journal. New York Methodist. Hingham (Mass.) Journal. Webster (Mass.) Times. Norwich (Conn.) Advertiser. Cincinnati (Ohio) Times. it ft if Houston (Tex.) Times. Nantucket (Mass.) Pnquirer. Antislavery Standard, New York. Boston “ World's Crisis.” Portsmouth (N. H.) Chronicle. East Douglas (Mass.) Herald. Augusta (Me.) Banner. Holyoke (Mass.) Transcript. Charlottetown (P. E. I.) North Star. tf CC ti if Albany (N. Y.) Journal. if it it Randolph (Mass.) Register. Plattsburg (N. Y.) Sentinel. Gardiner (Me.) Reporter. St. Stephen's (N. B.) Courier. Boston Preform League. Madison (Wis.) State Journal. Newark (N. J.) Advertiser. Boston Commonwealth. Worcester Gazette. Brattleborough (Vt.) Phoenix. Detroit (Mich.) Advertiser and Tribune. Marlborough (Mass.) Mirror. Boston True Flag. Montpelier (Vt.) Journal. Chicago (Ill.) Christian Freeman. Boston Courier. Keene (N. H.) Sentinel. Augusta (Me.) Monitor. Fort Wayne (Ind.) Democrat. Boston Good Templar. St. John (N. B.) Daily Globe ; Pawtucket (K. I.) Gazette and Chronicle.. Palmer (Mass.) Journal. Augusta (Me.) Farmer. Troy (N. Y.) Daily Times. Halifax (N. S.) Express. Orange (N. J.) Journal. Adrian (Mich.) Journal. Boston Journal. t 674 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE H. McKenzie. John J. W. Reeves. C. M. Stone ........ Frank Ricker ........ A. M. Benham. Tobias H. Miller. Geo. S. Houghton. George H. Allan ...... John C. Moore ....... Charles D. Howard. A. Parke Burgess .. Ge'o. A. Reed.. . . C. E. Collins. John S. Fowler. Stephen Berry . P. Allen.. J. M. Smith. F. D. Cobleigh .. G. D. Curtis. James S. Peck. John Dougall.. . . Miss F. A. Dillaye. P. B Morgan. C. B. Wells. E. A. Newell ........ Edward A. Phelps ...... Geo W. Nason, Jr. John W. Moore. Charles H. Brigham . . . . . Joseph I. C. Clarke . . . . . W. M. Henry. Newton Talbot ....... James W. Perkins ...... Thomas Bradley . S. B. Noyes ........ Rossiter Johnson.. . P. L. Buell. ........ Samuel T. Cobb.. . Rufus M. Mansur ...... Charles M. Vincent . A. W. H. Howard. R. M. Pulsifer . R. C. Dunham . . Curtis Guild . . Benjamin F. Guild F. D. Stimpson H. L. Taylor . . A. G. Harlow . . C. H. Robinson . Edward C. Byron Houghton (Mich.) Mining Gazette. Eastern Argus, Portland, Me. St. Johnsbury (Vt.) Caledonian. Indianapolis (Ind.) Sentinel. Indianapolis (Ind.) Mirror. Portsmouth (N. H.) Chronicle. Fitchburg (Mass.) Sentinel. Paris (France) Continental Gazette. Boston Journal. Peabody (Mass.) Press. Mexico (N. Y.) Independent. Turf, Field, and Farm, New York. New York Journal. New Haven (Conn.) Journal and Courier. Portland (Me.) Associated Press. Pittsfield (Mass.) Sun. Hawaiian Gazette, Honolulu, S. I. Brattleboro (Yt.) Record, and Farmer. Washington (D. C.) Chronicle. Montpelier (Vt.) Montreal (C. W.) Witness. Syracuse (N. Y.) Journal. American Churchman, Chicago, Ill. Springfield Union. it it Springfield Republican. Newbern (N. C.) Times. Manchester (N. H.) Musical Record. Ann Arbor (Mich.) Argus. New York Irish Republic. ’New Orleans Advocate. Flag of our Union, Boston. Boston Daily Advertiser. Boston Daily Herald. Massachusetts Ploughman. Concord (N. H.) Statesman. Westfield (Mass.) News Letter. Boston Good Templar. Farmington (Me.) Chronicle. Edgartotvn (Mass.) Gazette. Washington (D. C.) Chronicle. Philadelphia (Pa.) Press. Boston Herald. Boston Sunday Times. Boston Commercial Bulletin. tt a a Boston Post. Boston Herald. Boston Post. Springfield Union. Boston Herald. NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE PRINCIPAL SOLOISTS. VOCAL. MAD AME EUPHROSYNE PAREPA-ROSA. MISS ADELAIDE PHILLIPPS. INSTRUMENTAL. OLE BULL. M. ARBUCKLE. Mrs. H. M. Smith, “ D. C. Hall, “ J. W. Weston, “ Sophia Mozart, “ I. M. Osgood, Miss Addie S. Ryan, Mrs. C. A. Barry, “ T. H. Emmons, “ A. C. Munroe, “ J. J. Henry, H. L. Whitney, L. W. Wheeler, G. W. Hazelwood, W. H. Daniell, CHOIR OF ARTISTS, SOPRANO. Miss Lizzie M. Gates, “ Anna S. Whitten, “ Graziella Ridgway, “ Sarah W. Barton, ALTO. Mrs. J. T. Beers, “ E. Drake, “ L. J. Sharland, “ S. Shattuck, TENOR. J. Whitney, W. W. Davis, J. P. Draper, E. Prescott, Miss Anna M. Granger, “ Lizzie M. Allen, “ Nellie Fiske, “ E. A. Hamlin, “ Hattie M. Safford. Mrs. C. A. Guilmette, “ W. H. Wadleigh, “ H. C. Logan. “ L. B. Meston. D. F. Fitz, A. A. Brown. Dr. S. W. Langmaid, W. M. Macdonald. M. W. Whitney, Dr. C. A. Guilmette, J. F. Rudolphsen, H. C. Barnabee, G. W. Dudley, BASS. P. H. Powers, C. H. McLellan, E. B. Fairbanks, Hiram Wilde, ORGANISTS. CrUSTAVUS HALL, A. Ardavani, J. E. Perkins, J. J. Kimball, H. M. Aiken. Dr. J. H. Willcox, Oratorio Chorus, Four Days. J. B. Sharland, Children’s Chorus, One Day. Carl Zerrahn, Julius Eichberg, CONDUCTORS. P. S. Gilmore, Eben Tourj£e. 676 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE, GKAND CHORUS. EBEN TOURJEE, JOHN W. ODLIN, R. W. HUSTED, Superintendent. [ Secretaries. LEADING SINGERS. Die following ladies and gentlemen, reliable vocalists, accepted the invitation of the Superintendent to lead the parts, and rendered efficient service by placin themselves in such positions among the chorus as greatly aided in impartin confidence to all. Mrs. E. W. Bostwick, “ E. Rodenmayer, “ L. Brockway, “ M. E. Nichols, u L. M. Porter, 4 ‘ L. Osborne, Mrs. R. B. Alden, Miss M. F. Osgood, “ E. F. Read, “ S. A. Henry, “ Emma Y. Hayter, J. D. Litchfield, W. H. Fessenden, E. S. Daniels, "Warren Davenport, J. J. Baldwin, James Skinnep., SOPRANO. Mrs. Marie Bishop, “ L. A. Lincoln, “ S. E. Yarney, Miss Lydia Beck, “ Julia Foster, ALTO. Miss L. B. Poole, “ M. E. Beck, “ L. M. Beck, “ Emma Garcia, TENOR. J. R. Hopkins, J. C. Collins, BASS. Wm. Beeching, A. M. Leonard, Miss E. D. Alexander, “ F. G. Perry, “ Anna F. Crane, “ E. C. Sawtell, “ R. F. Farwell. Miss J. A. Wells, “ Clara Garcia, “ E. F. Whipple, “ A. F. Holmes. H. Thatcher, John Rogers, 0. Pierson. Gardner Gove, Wm. Garrett. CHORUS MASTERS. To facilitate the transmission of orders from the Conductor to the Chorus during the Festival, speaking-tubes were adopted and placed under the control of efficient Superintendents, who upon receiving any instructions at once conveyed them to the members of the Chorus. The following gentlemen discharged this important duty with great fidelity throughout the Festival. D. H. Elliott, Prompter from Conductor to Superintendents of Parts. E. C. Daniell, Sopranos, George Fisher, Tenors, George W. Palmer, Altos, John Sawyer, Bassos, David Snow, with Organist. 0T C. Green, Miss Hattie E. Allen, “ Agnes Grebhle, ii Martha Sweet, it Geo. W. Hall, ii I. L. Alden, “ Deborah Gilkey, it Nellie Strong, u M. J. Hart, I. G. Alien, “ M. A. Gordon,. “ L. C Sinclair, it J. Q. Henry, Mattie Broad, (( Alzra Hyde, (( Hattie L. Thrall, it J. A. Lamson, “ F. A. Blodgett, tt M. C. Howe, “ E. B. Tyler, “ M. G. Parker, “ M. Ella Bailey, 11 Maria Hills, “ Lucy M. Whipple, “ . S. A. Parmenter, “ Annie Brazier, “ Lucy W. Horton, it Mary C. Whitman, Chas. W. Pierce, It Ella Bent, tt Sarah Johonnet, “ Kitty Williams, “ J. Q. A. Pierce, it C. Bigelow, “ Ada M. Johnson, tt E. P. Warren, ft Albert Plummer, “ Ella Cutting, “ Hattie J. Kingsbury, “ ThereseW oodworth, A. E. Rodenmayer, Mary J. Chism, (( A. De F. Keyes, ft Mary E. Woodward, it E. P. Scales, “ Carrie Chaffin, It Emma A. Keyes, it Nellie Woodward. ALTO. Miss Sarah Arnold, Miss Mary C. Duncklee, Miss Abbie Pevear, “ Ellen Bassett, ft Lucretia Fuller, “ Lizzie Pierce, “ Mary Bassett, ii M. C. Harris, ft Emma Park, ft Laura Boise, “ Charlotte Hyde, “ Addie Rumrill, “ Mary Bos worth, It Martha Hitchcock, “ Emma Rumrill, ft E. A. Bond, it C.B. Jackson, “ Abbie R. Stevens, ft Louise Baldwin, tt F. E. Kilburn, “ E. F. Shumeway, ft Kate Broad, “ M. A. Knox, “ ' Ella Sweetser, “ Kate Carroll, ft M. Ella Keyes, tt Lizzie M. Smith, “ Fanny M. Chaffin, “ A. A. Leonard, It Geo. F. Waters, “ Mary A. Chaffin, “ Jennie Leland, If Ellen Whittlesey, “ Emily J. Claflin, “ Grace A. Learned, ft Alice Wilson, ft Etta Cleaveland, “ J. C. Lakin, tt Clara A. Watts, it ii Mary Collins, Henrietta Davis, Hattie G. Duncklee. if ft Minnie A. Moody, Laura Monroe, Kate McCleary, ii Fanny M. Whipple* TENOR. Mrs. C. W. Beals, “ J. P. Cobb, “ J. W. Cotton, “ Luke Davis, “ M. S. Drake, “ Dr. Edgerly, “ J. B. Goodrich, “ G. S. Johnson, “ B. D. Moody, “ M. J. Saunders, “ L. J. Smith, “ D. E. Snow, “ F. Tiffany, Miss H. Allen, “ Clara A. Arms, “ II. M. Alden, Geo. W. Bacon, J. Aster Broad, J. G. Barker, Chas. Barnard, 2d, W. R. Brackett, R. C. Bridgham, 44 Henry Baldwin, Herbert Bent, Geo. Bishop, A. D. Chisholm, Albert M. Daniels, James F. Edmands, 690 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. E. W. Gay, J. H. Green, II. L. Keyes, Dr. E. P. Scales, J. M. Gordon, C. C. Harrington, F. Murdock, Alpheus Trowbridge, John B. Goodrich, W. P. Houghton, E. N. Mayberry, Chas. Upham. W. C. Green, I. F. Kingsbury, Henry Robbins, BASS. N. T. Allen, C. H. Draper, Milo Lucas, F. M. Trowbridge, Jos. A. Allen, R. V. C. Emerson, W. E. Lloyd, W. 0. Trowbridge, James Allen, Chas. Eddy,’ W. B. Lambert, James Trowbridge, H. D. Bassett, John Farlow, J. A. Lamson, Geo. S. Trowbridge, James W. Bailey, Frank Foster, D. T. S. Leland, T. W. Trowbridge, F. A. Benson, G. Fail-field, Tlios. Linder, J. G. Tompson, Jr., F. S. Benson, A. A. Fuller, A. S. March, Eben Woodward, Luther Bent, J. Q. Henry, W. 0. Moody, B. S. Wetherbee, D. D. Bond, Braman Hill, W. Pevear, C. L. Woodworth, Lewson E. Chase, Geo. L. Hyde, Chas. W. Pierce, Washington Warren, A. Carroll, W. II. Johonnet, J. Q. A. Pierce, Harry West, Joseph P. Cobb, A. H. Kimball, D. E. Snow, J. E. Whitman, Frederick Davis, Chas. Kingsbury, Albert Sinclair, James Wood, G. D. Davis, Geo. F. Livermore, S. W. Trowbridge, H. J. Wetherell. 3. RANDOLPH CHORAL SOCIETY, RANDOLPH, MASS. A. W. Whitcomb, President ; Henry Stevens, Secretary and Treasurer ; Wil liam Porter, Librarian; J. B. Thayer, Musical Director; Carroll A Thayer, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. N. C. Berry, Mrs. E. Moulton, Jr. Miss E. A. Conant, Miss Sarah Holmes, “ Abby F. Howe, “ Margaret Kennedy, “ Ella C. Morton, u Annie White, “ W. B. ‘Wentworth, “ J. Warren Belcher, “ Hattie Harrington, “ Lizzie A. Mann, “ A. M. Graham, “ E. D. Littlefield “ Annie T. Howard, “ Mary Prescott, “ 0. Pendergrass, “ F. Dyer, “ Susan Wren, “ Sarah M. French, “ Annie W. Howard, “ Julia A. Keith, “ Lizzie Wren, u Flora A. Belcher, “ Hiram C. Alden, “ E. G. Capen, “ C. Hand, “ Sarah Shankland, “ Ephraim Mann, “ L. M. Flint, “ Ada Belcher, “ Celia A. Littlefield, “ R. W. Turner, “ Capen Porter, “ Sarah K. Alden, “ Justina Alden, “ Nelson Mann, “ Julia Raymond, “ Alice E. Odell, “ E. A. Ferran. ALTO. Mrs. Mary E. Alden, Mrs. Charles Burrell, Mrs. James M. Thayer, Miss Estelle Wilson, “ Samuel A. Capen, “ Edward Lunt, “ J. White Belcher, “ Annie A. Taber, “ S. E. Hawes, “ Royal French, “ George Blanchard, “ II. Montgomery, “ W. E. Jewell, “ John May, Miss Fannie Harrington, “ M. E. Wood, TENOR. John B. Thayer, George II. French, C. M. Capen, Isaac Niles, Jr., William Porter, Ephraim Mann, Isaac Littlefield, Carroll A. Thayer, Nelson Mann, J. R. Howard, E. Dexter Littlefield, M. M. Upham. Sami. A. Capen, IT. M. Dyer, Ewen Bryden, C M. Packard. L. H. Packard, James M. Thayer, J. A. Packard, BASS. A. W. Whitcomb, Luther S. Leach, Chas. E. Pratt, P. W. Cushing, Eben. Alden, Wales B. Thayer, Daniel Wild, IT. A. Lucas, David Burrell, George C. Spear, Wales French, G. W. navres, Moses W. Whitcomb, E. W. Holmes, Royal French, J. E. Whitcomb, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 691 / Charles Wild, George W. French, S. E. Capen, Daniel B. White, John L. Burke, Robert Sumner, E. F. Lincoln, E. G. Capen, Wm. H. Clark. 4. CHELSEA CHORAL SOCIETY, CHELSEA, MASS. JohnH. Roberts, President; Edward Stickney, Vice-President; F. H. Dttren, Secretary; George E. Rogers, Treasurer; A. W. Porter, Librarian; John W. Tufts, Musical Director. SOPRANO. Mrs I. Blanchard, Miss Etta C. Ames, Miss Hattie E. Fogg, Miss M. Putnam, “ J. H. Bingham, “ M. G. Abbott, “ Lizzie A. Fellows, “ F. Proshold, “ R. H. Crowell, “ Helen Boies, “ Lizzie P. Gould, “ J. A. Putnam, ll N. E. Chandler, ll F. C. Bliss, it Susie C. Gould, “ C. E. Page, Lizzie Chandler, ll H. C. Blanchard, “ Addie F. Gould, It S. E. Pettingill, “ M. C Clark, “ M. E. Bicknell, “ Emily F. Grom, “ Jennie Phelps, N. F. Chapin, “ Susie Blackmer, “ A. S. Grundy, ll C. Payson, M. A. Colton, It Annie E. Briggs, " W. W. Gannett, It E. A. Payson, “ J. F Cook, ll E. S. Branscomb, it Susie Godbold, 11 E. F. Rugg, “ H. L. Crocker, “ Kittie E. Bingham, ti F. E. Hawkes, “ M. A. Reed, It A. Crowell, It M. A. F. Bailey, “ Fannie E. Hall, «( Jennie Roby, “ Jno. J. Curtis, “ A. E. S. Brown, II. Huntress, A. Robbins, “ E- S. Dodge, ll S. G. Bagnall, “ E. M. Hollis, (( Hattie Reed, It A. M. Dennis, It Mary C. Carter, “ E. A. Hadley, “ Alice Reed, 11 M. H. Fenno, It M. E. Chesley, “ Lizzie Harper, It E. F. Rockwell, ll J E M. Gilley, ll Mary Chase, “ M. K. HaU, “ Etta Reed, “ D. F. Hinkley, U A. E. Coles worthy, “ E. B. Hall, It Emma Robinson, (( L. P. Hinkley, “ Addie L. Carr, “ Lizzie C. Harvey, u A. M. Sandford, S. H. Howard, ll Nellie M. Clark, u Carrie Ilsley, It Annie F. Slade, “ C.A. Jackson, It Katie Clapp, “ A. H. Hsley, “ Ellen M. Stone, (( E. J. Kilbum, “ Hattie Coles worthy, <( A. P. James, ll C. L. Swift, Chas. Knapp, It Emma Clifford, H. L. Knowles, “ H. M. Souther, It S. F. Lent, ll Maria Cole, <( Addie L. Lowe, “ L. F. Souther, “ A E. L. Mantor, ll' ' Ella F. Cheney, “ Mary A. Legg, l( A. E. Sawyer, “ S. A. Myriek, “ Amelia E. Cheney, u Fannie A. Libbey, (C S. A. Snelling, “ H. Newell, ll Susie Crosby, “ Georgie A. Lindley, “ Mary Snelling, “ L. F. Nash, ■ It Flora Clement, ii A. Leeman, ll Emma L. True, u G. R. Pike, ll Octavia Crosby, “ Mary E. Lester, “ E. A. Taylor, “ H. C. Parker, “ Fannie Damon, Adelie Lane, It A. P. Tilden, ll A. E. Patrick, L. S. Dunn, it F. W. Miller, ll H. W. Upham, It A. K. Peabody, It Carrie Drew, Alva Mclntire, “ Mary E. Upton, ll W H. Roberts, ll S. E. Donnell, a Evangeline Martin, 11 Mary Very, ll L. W. Rockwell, U E. A. Edwards, a K. E. McKay, “ Emma Yeazie, u D. N. Stanley, “ M. E. S. Earle, 11 A. M. Martin, ll Annie L. Ware, “ J. H. Stanley, “ C. Emerson, a J E. Mayo, 11 A. E. Wilder, It H. B. Swazey, “ E. M. Evarts, it S. M. Matthews, 11 Stella Woodruff, It J. W. Stickney, ll Helen Edgerley, ii M. A. Nash, ll S. N. Whiting, “ Geo. H. Thayer, ll Louisa Fellows, it M. E. Norcross, Mary Williams, Geo. A. Veazie, It Sybil Fay, “ M. A. Orcutt, It M. A. Woodbury 4 “ G. M. Whitney, ll F. Fawcett, it M. F. W. Parker, 11 E. A. Whitney, ll Carrie Weston, “ Addie S. Farley, “ Lizzie Parsons, ll Etta Woodman. 11 S C. Woodruff, “ Rika Farley, II. E. Pratt, “ T.W.Whittemore,Jr., ll Mercy E. Fuller, “ L. F. Pratt, Miss Anne Ames, ll Alice Fletcher, E. M. Pratt, AX.TO. Mrs Jona. D. Bosson, Jr., Mrs. A. F. Cutter, Mrs. A. E. Crowhurst, Mrs. J. E. F, Eustis, “ W R. Bowen, “ C. E. Cook, “ E. B. Dixey, “ J. Edmands, “ A. W. Carter, “ Flora Collins, “ J. S.Dillingham, Jr., “ S. M. Fenner, Henry Stevens, George B. Bryant, Sidney French, 692 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE Mrs. Flora Freeman, Mrs. Minnie Seabury, Miss Etta Fuller, Miss Anna S. Norris, “ C. II. Ferson, “ J. W. Tufts, “ E. B. Fuller, “ Addie Norcross, “ Jessie Gould, Jr., “ J. J. Underhill, “ Myra Fuller, “ Abbie Peak, “ E. L. Giles, “ Woods, Jr., “ Nellie A. Frost, “ M. C. Pearmain, “ G. H. Hood, “ C. H. Walker, “ Susan Field, “ May F. Palmer, u M. C. Hood, “ Geo. II. Willey, “ Anna L. Falbey, “ II. A. Parker, “ Ezra Hawkes, “ A. Iv. Young, “ Josie L. Gallison, “ Helen II. Palmer, 11 J. E. Hesseltine, “ Ernestine Young, “ Carrie Godbold, “ F. Pillsbury, “ Augusta Hatch, Miss S. Adams, “ C. F. Godbold, “ L. C Proctor, “ R. M. Hutchinson , “ E. C. Andrews, “ Fannie Gilbert, “ F. A. Quimby, “ J. T. Kimball, “ J. H. Bosson, “ L. J. Gregg, “ E. S. Rhoades, “ Keene, “ M. A. Blanchard, “ Emma Gordon, “ E. A. Rankin, “ Loring, Jr., 11 Mary Beach, “ Ella Googins, “ L. S. Richardson, “ A. Lowell. “ S. Blanchard, “ Susie Hersey, “ M. E. Rogers, “ Mattie Laurie, “ Lena Bertram, “ L. P. Howard, “ Lizzie Robinson, “ W. R McKay, “ E. L. Balcom, “ Addie Hutchinson , “ Kittie Reed, “ C. A. Merriam, “ Gertrude Balcom, “ M. L. Haskell, “ Susie L. Sawin, “ W. J. Nagle, “ Addie M. Busher, u Madge Hartwell, “ M. J. Simpson, “ J. L. Poor, “ Jennie Briggs, “ Lizzie Ilsley, “ M. L. Slocom, 11 J. B. Putnam, “ Louise E. Bowen, “ C. Knowles, “ Emma R. Sargeant, % ‘ Katie Payson, “ Dora J. Covell, “ Mary A. Knox, “ Mattie Sawin, “ Geo. E. Rogers, “ Leon Carter, “ C. A. Kendrick, “ Carrie Smelling, “ J.E. Rugg, “ J. B. Clark, “ Nelhe Kimball, “ Aunie Stockbridge, “ S. II. Rhoades, “ Kittie Clark, “ M.E. Land, “ Inez Tibbets, “ Geo. L. Richardson, “ E. L. Clark, “ Nellie L. Legg, “ S. Timmerman, “ H L. Sanderson, “ Kittie Copp, “ Sarah Leonard, “ A. Jane Thurston, “ J. D. Snelling, “ Lizzie Conant, “ Lottie Lowe, “ Lizzie W. Upham, “ H. P. Smith, “ Ella F. Dodge, u Susie McLaughlin, , “ Sarah S. Wheeler, “ ,Geo. Slade, “ C. A. Donnell, “ C. V. Martin, “ Lillian Wveth, “ S. D. Slocom, “ A. J. Dwight, “ J. E. Mitchell, “ E. S. Woods, “ T. H. Smith, “ M. E. Edwards, “ Carrie Merriam, “ C. E. Wheeler, “ Henry Savage, “ H. E-parts, “ Jennie Maggud, “ Lizzie Walker. “ Wm. Shillaber, “ G. P. Edwards, u Ella Morrill, TENOR. Win. A. Armsby, II. T. Dixey, V. D. Lent, L. W. Rockwell, Geo. B. Ambrose, Othniel Eames, J. Frank Loring, L. W. Rockwell, Jr., Hiram W. Allen, C. H. Frost, M. M. Leonard, Porter S. Roberts, E. C. W. Bliss, J. H. Field, Chas. E. Legg, Alphonso Simpson, Jona. D. Bosson, Jr., Geo. Finety, G. W. Lambrough, E. E. Sibley, Frank T. Bailey, R. K. Fisher, E. H. LeMoyne, J. T. K. Snelling, E. A. Badger, R. F. Greely, G. Frank Munroe, Geo. H. Thayer, C. B. Blanchard, J. A. Gould, Wm. Mansfield, Geo. A. Thompson, Geo. B. Blake, C. W. Gould, Sami. F. Nattage, W. C. Todd, W. R. Bowen, T. H. Greely, T. F. Norris, B. W. Taylor, Jno. J. Curtis, Fred. Gilmore, Josiali Osgood, S. E. Toby, Benj. A. Carter, David F. Hinkley, II. V. Pinkham, Andrew Torsleff, E. A. Capen, W. H. Hollis, Abel A. Phelps, Frank T. Ware, F. K. Cushing, Hiram H. Henry, C. A. Pitkin, Chas. C. Westover, F. B. Clement, R. Huntress, Chas. H. Pratt, G. F. Wilson, N. F. Chapin, Jacob E. Hudson, Chas. A. Rogers, A. K. Young. J. F. Cook, A. L. Hsley, Geo. E. Rogers, Nelson Curtis, Geo. L. Hsley, Nathan E. Reed, F. II. Duren, Geo. E. Lombard, H. M. Russell, BASS. A. D. Bosson, E. E. Barnes, W. R. Brown, A. 0. Carter, E. R. Blanchard, A. L. Brown, C. E. Brown, F. S. Cotton, E. K. Bicknell, H. N. Blake, R. II. Crowell, C. E. Cook, A. Blaisd.ell, Jno. Buck, Cyrus Clement, Geo. W. Clapp, Jas. A. Beatly, 0. D. Bagnall, II. II. Cole, Fred D. Chase, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 693 H. Dillingham, L. Dusten, E. P. F. Dearborn, C. W. Dodge, J. S. Dillingham, Jr., H. F. Davis, F. S. Evans, H. B. Fay, Chas. Fawcett, J. A Fielding, C. H Ferson, Jno. A. Fletcher, Jno. W. Fletcher, J. Osgood Frost, Geo. Forsyth, Jesse Gould, Jr , E A. Gallison, A. L. Gould, Jas. Gould, Geo L Gould, H. C. Gregory, Jno. Gordon, Geo. H. Hood, H B. Hersey, Chas. H. Hersey, Wm. Holmes, Jno. E. Hesseltine, J. A. Herrick, H. N. Hayward, H. J. Halgreen, Jas. F. Hannah, T. L. Hallworth, Geo. Ilsley, C.A. Jackson, G. H. Jennings, Jr., Geo. S. Jellson, Geo. H. Jennings, E. J. Kilbourne, Frank C. Knox, Henry Leeds, Jr., C. H. Ludwig, Calvin Lowe, J. B. Loomis, C. W. Lord, F. W. Miller, Wm. McQuinn, Ed. McLellan, Jr., A. L. Mclntire, H. S. Newhall, Henry Newell, W. A. Norris, J. C. Peak, A. H. Palmer, H. K. W. Palmer, H A. Palmer, A. W. Porter, W. L. Pratt, C. W Parsons, Jr., G. A. Patrick, Jno. P. Payson F. W. Peck, A. E. Patrick, A. P. Perry, S. F. Parsons, J. H. Roberts, Byron Roberts, T. B. Reed, G. L. Richardson, Wm. G. Reed, Amos Rober J H. Remick H. T. Remick, W. A. Remick, H. L. Sanderson, Geo. H. Sutton, C. E. Smith, W. C. Sampson, Perley A. Stowe, F. V. Sandford, Edwd. Stickney, Wm. Shillaber, S L. Sawyer, J. W. Stickney, A. B. Thurston, Larkin T. Tafts, T. W. Townsend, Dr. W. I. Thayer, S. P. Tenney, George A. Veazie, Jr., Jno. Warren, W. Whittlesey, S. W. Woodward, T. W. Whittemore, Jr., Herbert A. Wilder, Chas. H Walker, Geo. H. Willey. 5. MENDELSSOHN UNION, SPRINGFIELD, MASS. W. B. Brinsmade, President; Hon. C. R. Ladd, Vice-President; H. F. Trask, Secretary and Treasurer ; Amos Whiting, Musical Director ; Mrs. Crawford, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs W B. Cushman, “ John Howland, “ Fannie Pratt, “ Henry Smith, “ J Taylor, Miss Anna Bartholomew, “ Irene Bartholomew, “ Laura J. Billings, Miss Carrie E. Bowdoin “ Lucy J. Brewer, “ A. B. Chapin, “ Eva M. Collins, “ A. R. Delano, , “ I C. DeVeiling, , “ S. A Dunlap, “ E. R. Filley, , Miss Isabella Gibbs, “ Lenora Hull, “ E. M. Kendall, “ Josie E Kuight, “ Fannie Lincoln, “ Nora E Prince, “ Katie M. Rice, “ M. A. Richmond, Miss F A Rowland, “ S Belle Sabin, “ Carrie D. Sikes, “ M. E. Smith, “ A. L. Whittaker. Mrs. Enos Baker, “ Helen A. Fox, “ R Lathrop, “ W. T Orchard, “ D. W. C. Perry, Mrs A. Whiting, Miss Addie E. Ball, “ Belle J Ball, *• Kate L. Ceiley, “ Emma C Converse, AXTO. Miss L, M. Delano, “ A. C. Drake, “ S. E. Dwight, “ Mary E Fisher, “ Laura Griswold, Miss Emma Haydn, “ E. II Knapp, “ Emma Tryan Elisha P. Bartholomew, B. F. Burr, II J Chandler, Rufus Chase, C H. Daniels, H A. Davenport, D L. Fuller, Geo. P. Greenleaf, A B W. Greenwood, C L. Harrington, TENOR. W. H. Hawkes, John Homan, D V. Jones, Chas. P. Kemp, C. S. Kenfield, Hon. C. R Ladd, D. L. Lanckton, Geo. W. Little, W. F Miller, Royal Montague, N C. Newell, 0 H Perry, S. A. Prince, A W Rice, Horatio Rice, W. B Rogers, Henry W Royce, J. L Skinner, C. K. Smith, Nathaniel Smith, J. C Spooner, T H Stock, Henry Storrs, V. N Taylor, Henry F Trask, A Whiting, E. C. Winslow, 694 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. BASS. W. B. Brinsmade, J. A. Bryan, W. B. Carter, C. L. Cliapin, Sami. J. Chapman, J. B. T. Chase, J. G. Chase, Thomas Chubbuck, Dwight Clark, E. P. Cushman, M B. Cushman, John J. F. Devereaux, T. Morton Dewey, Jas. D. Foot, B. B. Franklin, ffai. A. Fuller, Geo. Graves, Albert Holt, John Howland, Chas. Mulchahey, S. R. Newell, Isaac Barry, H. 0. Pease, L. L. Rogers, C. B. J. Root, H. H. Seelye, Dexter Snow, Wilson Spear, Anson Warren. 6. GEORGETOWN MUSICAL UNION, GEORGETOWN, MASS. Richard Tenney, President; Rey. Charles Beecher, Secretary; S. Osgood, Treasurer; E. P. Wildes, Musical Director ; Miss Mary S. Tenney, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Kate M. Barker, “ Susan P. Lowe, “ E. R. Pierson, “ E. A. Pillsbury, Miss Mary I. Beecher, Miss Kate Dalrymple, Miss M. S. Rogers, “ Mary Chaplin, “ Fannie W. Foster, “ Mary S. Tenney. “ Emma Chase, “ Rosa MeLawlin, “ S. Jennie Dalrymple, “ Mary Plummer, ALTO. Mrs. Adeline Bailey, Mrs. Hattie E. Spofford, Miss Lizzie Bateman, “ Margaret Hale, “ M. G. Spofford, “ Sarah Boyes, “ Hester A. Poole, “ H. A. Weston, “ Sarah Davis, Miss Annie Plummer. Charles Beecher, D. W. Conant, Nathaniel Gage, E. A. Chaplin, E. P. Davis, T. J. Elliott, Alfred Hale, H. T. Hardy, S. S. Jewett, L. 0. Morrill, Edward Howe, Edward Howe, Jr., L. A. Morrison, A. B. Noyes, TENOR. George W. Noyes, Stephen Osgood, J.H. Tenney, BASS. Howard Noyes, H. E. Pierson, A. N. Pillsbury, R. B. Root, Richard Tenney, Edward P. Wildes, Ira Wildes. E. C. Spofford, A. W. Stone, N. C. Taylor. 7. NEWBURYPORT CHORUS, NEWBURYPORT, MASS. Charles P. Morrison, President and Musical Director; D. C. Noyes, Secretary; S. B. Carter, Librarian; J. W. Cheney, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. J. Bachelder, “ D. L. Brookings, “ F. E. Coffin, “ H. Conkey, “ C. F. Currier, “ M. S. Gillett, “ C. A Howe, “ S A. Jackman, Miss E H. Adams, “ S. P. Akerman, “ M. J. Bradlee, Miss M. Bell Choate, “ S. P. Chute, “ Addie L Coffin, “ Ella Crofoot, “ E. B. Currier, “ T. II. Currier, “ Katie Felch, “ M. II Goodwin, “ E. II. Ilaseltine, “ L. 0. Haynes, “ J. P. Hoyt, Miss A. S. Kimball, “ M. P. Lunt, “ Ednah E. Langley, “ F. E. Lunt, “ II. C. Merrill, “ M. C. Merrill, “ S. P. Morss, “ Anna L. Noyes, “ E. A. Noyes, “ H. A. Noyes, “ A. T. Pettingell, Miss T. E. Pettingell, “ Addie Pillsbury, “ II. E. Smith, “ Alice M. Somerby, “ H. A. Somerby, “ C. Bell Tabor, “ Anna E. Titcomb, “ N. M. Todd, “ F. E. Towle, “ M. G. Winkley, “ J R. Wood. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 695 ALTO. Mrs. E. S. Adams, “ G. W. Bartlett, “ J. H. Carter, “ S. B. Creasey, H. H. Adams, D. L. Brookings, John H. Carter, J. B. Brookings, S. B. Carter, E. N. Chase, 0. G. Chase, H. Conkey, Mrs. T. E. Cutter, “ E. D. Kimball, “ S. T. Worcester, Miss L. P. Akerman, J. W. Cheney, Geo. W. Clark, Wm. E. Clement, G. E. Currier, H. P. Currier, T. E. Cutter, J. Davis, John P. Evans, Miss Susie A. Ash, “ Belle Ballou, “ Issie Ballou, “ S. C. KendaU, Miss S. C. McCusker, “ A. P. Questram, “ Lucy Robinson, “ Alice M. Somerby. TENOR. G. R. Coffin, Warren Currier, S. H. Johnson, G. E. L. Noyes, G. H. Stevens, C. C. Stockman. BASS. M. H. Goodwin, John Hoyt, Edmund Jaques, G. A. Lord, D. C. Noyes, F. W. Noyes, A. H. Reed, G. H. Roaf, P. A. True, W. D. Wells. 8. CONCORD CHORAL SOCIETY, CONCORD, N. H. John Jackman, President and Musical Director; Stillman Humphrey, Secre¬ tary and Treasurer; George D. B. Prescott, Librarian; Mrs. D. C. Allen, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. D. C. Allen, “ H. Clapp, “ U. L. Gale, “ H. C. George, “ Susan 0. Giles, “ E. M. Hall, “ H. E. Haskins, “ J. M. Hill, “ A. P. Hutchinson, Mrs. S. R. Jackman, “ C. H. Martin, “ E. A. Messer, “ I. Eva Moulton, “ B. M. Prescott, “ S. B. Prescott, “ E. Sawyer, “ H. R. Sleeper, “ M. Whitney, Miss C. Blake, “ Susan B. Clough, “ G. M. Dow, “ A. M. French, “ E. E. Frye, “ M. M. Gage, “ F. II. Gates, “ Mattie J. Gear, “ N. T. Gove, Miss M. D. Hart, “ Hattie E. Horn, “ Sarah II. Marsh, “ E. E. Merrill, “ Georgie Morse, “ M. J. Noyes, “ Nettie K. Randall. ALTO. Mrs. S. A. Gerrisb, “ C. A. Ilarradan, “ A. M. Hood, “ C. T. Lane, “ G H. Mansfield, “ E. L. Page, Mrs. M. J. Raymond, “ S G. Smith, “ H. C. Tuttle, “ D. Wyman, Miss Clara Batchelder, “ M. L. Boyce, Miss E. M. J. Courser, “ A. M. Gates, “ M. Isabel Greely, “ N. P. Ilosmer, “ E. G Kimball, “ A. P. Little, Miss M. L. Merrill, “ P. M. Sanborn, “ M. Lizzie Webster, Master C. E. Hosmer. F. P. Andrews, J. D. Bartley, B. B. Davis, C. A. Fowler, C. J. Fowler, S. S. French, J. S Gerrish, J. C. Greenough, A. J. Hall, Geo. H Hill, TENOR. M. L. Ingalls, John Jackman, C. II. Martin, Henry Martin, A. G. Rand, E. S. Reed, J. T. Sleeper, E. C. Stone, Charles Watson. S. F. Abbott, H. C. Bailey, Charles Barker, George H. Blake, D. A. Brown, D. Arthur Brown, S. F. Brown, C. Chadwick, S. R. Dole, Benj. Gage, A J. Giles, H P. Gill, BASS. Stillman Humphrey, A. Little, E. Little, John W. Little, George H. Mansfield, Frank W. Mess, C. W. Moore, B. M. Prescott, George D. B. Prescott. 696 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 9. HAVERHILL MUSICAL UNION, HAVERHILL, MASS. J. F. West, President; W. Ayer, Secretary and Treasv/rer; J. K. Colby, Musical Director. SOPRANO. Mrs. Fred. Kent, Miss Carrie L. Butters, Miss LizzieK. Harriman,Miss Kate S. Nichols, “ W. N. Long, “ M. L. Carlton, “ Helen M. Haseltine :, “ Susan R. Ordway, “ M. E. Moore, u Katie S. Carter, “ Laura A. Haynes, “ Delia Payson, “ Y. F. Pinkham, “ Millie F. Carter, “ Sarah S. Ilunking, “ B. Jennie Sargent, “ G. C Robinson, “ Julia E. Collins, “ Sarah A. Jeffers, “ Margie A. Smith, “ H. S. Stickney, “ Annie K. Copeland ., “ Abby G. Kelley, “ Eliza G. Towne, Miss Helen A. Amazeen , “ Ida M. Emerson, “ Lizzie F. Kimball, “ Emma M. Webster, “ Minnie Le Bosquet, “ L. W. Famham, “ Mira Kimball, “ Mary E Webster, “ Margie L. Bradley, “ Julia E. Foster, “ Mattie J. Littlefield , “ Sophia Webster, “ Lucy H. Brown, “ Ellen S. Gage, “ Nellie T. Martyn, “ Laura H. Wheeler. “ P. L. Burnham, “ Augusta A. Green, “ S. Emma Merrill, ALTO. Mrs. A. Alexander, Miss Helen Ayer, Miss Helen M. Gage, Miss Fannie M. Robie, “ T. B. Bartlett, “ A. L. Canney, “ Robie M. Gardner, “ Sarah J. Simpson, “ D. W. Hammond, “ Lois A. Carlton, “ S. H. Harriman, “ Mary A. Stewart, “ I. M. Newman, 11 Louise J. Coffin, “ S. Addie Haseltine, “ Emma F. Stewart, “ Chas. N. Rhodes, “ Eliza A. Cross, “ Clara E. Hunt, “ G S. Vincent, “ Orin Sargent, “ Helen B. Cummings, “ Cynthia M. Kelley, “ Emma F. Webster. t C. H. Stanton, “ Kate M. Dinsmore, “ Eliza M. Martyn, “ M. B. Tewksbury “ Lizzie Eaton, “ Mary A. Morse, Miss M. Ellen Abbott, u Eliza A. Flanders, “ Emma Richardson, TENOR. James Ayer, M. H. Fisk, • J. 0. Moore, Richard Stewart, Walter Ayer, Isaac Goodell, 0. J. Oscar Noyes, A. G. Taggart, T. B. Bartlett, C. F. Hamilton, H. M. Perley, Melvin Towle, David Boynton, 0. S. Hubbard, Chas. F. Smith, Ebeu J. Wildes. Chas. H. Coffin, William Jackson, Edgar Smith, J. K. Colby, G. M. Kelley, J. F. Smith, J. F. Emerson, Geo. W. Ladd, J. Frank Stanwood, BASS. John Q. Adams, Chas. B. Eustis, Clarence E. Kelley, Wm. J. M. Steelo, Stephen Bailey, W. S. Flagg, A. H. Knight, A. W. Stewart, J. L. Blaisdell, Beriah Foster, William E. Merrill, M. L. Stover, Geo. II. Carlton, J. K. Harris, R. C. Miller, Ellsworth Webster. John Corson, Amos Haseltine, Jr., Chas. H. Morse, J. F. West, C. W. Crowell, Wendell P. Hopkinson, Frank W. Noyes, Albert W. Whittier, J. M. Currier, E. S. Hunkins, B. K. Poor, W. Henry Worcester. Albert N. Dow, E. Newton Jaques, C. H. Stanton, 10. FALL RIVER CHORAL UNION > FALL RIVER, MASS. D. H. Dyer, President; N. R. Earl, Secretary; T. Blythe,, Treasurer; C. H. Rider, Librarian; C. H. Robbins, Musical Director; H. J. Bennett, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. D. A. Chapin, Mrs. Charles Durfee, Mrs. J. 0. Milne, Mrs. C. H. Rider, “ A. 0. Cook, “ Wm. B. Durfee, “ J. T. Milne, Miss Lucy C. Brown, “ Bradford Durfee, “ D. H. Dyer, “ Jos. 0. Neill, “ Addie Buffinton, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 697 Miss Sarah P. Buffinton, “ Julia A. Chace, “ L. Josie Dunning, Miss Eliza C. Durfee, “ Abby A. Fish, “ Eliza L. French, Miss Mina Hinckley, “ Sarah F. Lindsey, “ Mary Milne, Miss Luzetta A. Young. ALTO. Mrs. J. B. Brayton, “ D. E. Chace, “ L. W. Deane, “ C. H. Robbins, G, Frank Allen, Gaetavo Avallone, Daniel E. Chace, George Clarkson, Alex. 0. Cook, Hiram J. Bennett, ffm. G. Bennett, Theophilus Blythe, Eugene A. Borden, Peter P. Carlin, Mrs. C. E. Vickery, Miss Amy C. Alrny, “ Mary F. Alrny, “ Ida F. Brown, Lyman W. Deane, D. Hartwell Dyer, Newton R. Earl, Frank L. Fish, Edward A. French, Bradford D. Davol, John Dunn, Charles Durfee, Henry H. Earl, Ferd. H. Gifford, Miss Carrie F. Fish, “ Hannah H. French, “ Ella M. Hinckley, “ Emma Hooper, TENOR. Francis B. Hood, James A. McGeough, Peter A. McLoughlin, Peter McManus, Louis J. Noros, BASS. Alonzo Hathaway, George King, Charles R. Longley, Edward T. Marvel, J. Osborn Milne, Miss Margaret A. Ide, “ Mary B. Peck, “ Sarah E. R. Ramsey, “ Eliza A. Ricketson. Charles H Robbins, Charles E. Vickery. James T. Milne, John W. Pritchard, Charles H. Rider, Rienzi W. Thurston, A. M. W. White. 11. MEDFORD CHORAL SOCIETY, MEDFORD, MASS. Isaac Moorhouse, President; P. R. Litchfield, Secretary; T. C. Newcomb, Treasurer; J. Brown, Librarian; W. A. Webber, Musical Director ; Mrs. W. A. Webber, Pianist. Mrs. S. B. Harrington, “ H. F. Moore, “ J. H. Norcross, “ H. II. Pillsbury, “ Robinson, Miss Laura Beck, Mrs. W. H. S. Barker, “ D. B. Callender, “ J C. Dorr, “ A. F. Dow, “ 0. W Fowler, “ C. N. Jones, SOPRANO. Miss Florence Burbeck, Miss C. E. Kelley, Marietta Clark, “ Mary Curtis, “ A. L. Dean, “ C. Harriott, “ Abbie Hill, Olive Lawrence, “ Belle Meston, “ Sarah F. Meston, “ Helen Moorhouse, “ Isabella Perry, Miss Helen Stetson, “ Tobey, “ Lizzie Tufts, “ Mary Waterman, “ F. Webber. ALTO. Miss Mary Allen, “ E. R. Barrows, “ Georgie Brooks, “ Lizzie F. Clark, “ K M. Crockett, “ Emma S. Crouch, Miss Abby Drew, “ Julia Drew, “ Emma Gill, “ Mary King, “ Mary Perley, “ Annie Richards, Miss Dora Sampson, “ Martha Sampson, “ Maria Stetson, “ Emma S. Tufts, “ Jennie Turner, “ Jennie Waterman. Edward Brown, J. Chaney, William J. Cheeney, T. S. Davis, George Goodwin, C. D. Archibald, W. H. S. Barker, John Brown, Jacob Chany, W. H. Chany, S. B. Harrington, P H. Litchfield, P R Litchfield, T C Newcomb, Arthur Parsons, R. Crosby, E. S. Farwell, Charles E Gleason, Arthur Loveren, Frank Newton, TENOR. John F Perkins, B. E. Perry, George Pratt, A. W. Robinson, B. B. Sherman, BASS. Wm. H. Randall, A. M. Redman, J. T. Richards, E. Sampson, F. W. Staples, Frank Stetson, E. F. Webber, W. A. Webber. Wilbur Tolman, George Tucker, Alfred Tufts. 698 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 12. WEYMOUTH CHORAL SOCIETY, WEYMOUTH, MASS. Elias Richards, President; W. 0. Nash, Secretary ; D. Smith, Treasurer ; C„ H. Webb, Musical Director. SOPRANO. Mrs. Sarah E. Cain, Mrs. J. H. Pratt, Miss S. A. Bicknell, Miss Sarah E. Loud, It Grace Cushing, “ S. Etta Randall, “ S. Annie Blanchard , “ Jennie F. Porter, “ Minnie D. Denton, “ Charles E. Rogers, “ S. M. Blanchard, “ S. B. Porter, (( C. G. Easterbrook, “ Susan Stevens, “ A. A. Burrell, “ II. B. Pratt, “ Asa T. French, B. F. Thomas, tt Lulie A. Chipman, “ L. B Pratt, “ George G. French, C. G. Thompson, tt E. F. Clapp, “ 0. A Putillow, “ W. C. French, “ Henry Tirrell, “ Elvira L. Curtis, “ A. A. Raymond, It F. A. Gardner, Stephen Tirrell, “ Emma Daggett, “ S. F. Read, it A. Hobart, it Augustus Yining, “ M. E. Daggett, “ Hannah B. Stowell, “ Ella M. Howard, “ E. M. Wallace, “ L. A. Ellis, “ Clara J. Tirrell, “ Richard L. Hunt, “ Sarah White, “ Emma Fay, “ Ella Tirrell, “ Mary J. Kennison, Miss E. C. Baker, “ C. H. French, “ Salena Tirrell, tt Oliver Lincoln, “ E. J. Baker, “ Eliza French, “ Emily Iv. Vickery, a I. D. Merrill, Fannie Bartlett, a Sarah D. French, “ Nellie Vining, ti W. 0. Nash, “ H. M. Bates, “ I. A. Haskins, “ E. II Walsh, it Charles H. Newton , “ Susan C. Bates, “ Lucia C. Hewitt, “ J. Whitcomb, Pauline B. Osgood, R. L. Bicknell, H. M. Hunt, “ Nellie M. White. ALTO. Mrs. J. F. Brown, Mrs. Ellen M. Pratt, Miss A. M. Baker, Miss Harriet Newell, “ E. P. Burrell, “ Georgianna Pratt, “ Carrie A. Blanchard ., “ Clara J. Reed, tt Ann Canterbury, “ S. J. Pratt, “ M. E. Blanchard, “ E. II Richards, tt M. W. Dunbar, “ F. Reed, tt C. L. Farren, “ S. H. Richards, “ Lucinda French, tt Henry Rock wood, “ Abby S. Hayes, “ S. C. Stetson, “ M. A. French, “ Helena Tirrell, “ Emma K. Hayes, “ M. R. Thomas, a E F. Holmes, “ P. H. Tirrell, “ Georgianna Lee, “ Anna L. Whitcomb, “ Lucy Joy, “ Maria Yance, “ E. M. Linfield, Mr. Elias Hunt. “ E. F. Lane, “ D W. Waldron, “ Sarah S. Linfield, “ B. J. Mann, “ M. J. Whiting, tt A. B. Loud, J W. Bartlett, Frank B. Bates, C.T. Crane, Henry Cushing, Wm. Cushing, George Dinsmore, William Dyer, Isaac F. French, Joseph H. French, Thomas M French, F. A. Gardner, Robert G. Gardner, Ancil Burrell, George Burrell, John P. Burrell, Quincy Burrell, W. H. Clapp, A. H. Cook, B. R. Dean, C. G. Easterbrook, Nelson French, Nelson Groce, James Hawes, J. Jacobs, Jr., E. A. Lincoln, Richard Loud, S. S. Harden, George H. Martin Noble Morse, A. P. Nash, Eddie Nash, Frank 0. Nash, J. P. Nash, E. G Gardner, Dr J. H. Gilbert, George Hardwick, Daniel L Hart, Otis H. Hobart, J. A. Holbrook, B. F. Howard, Gilbert Hunt, R. L. Hunt, TENOR. William 0. Nash, H. E. Newell, C. H. Newton, Jason B. Orcutt E. F. Pratt, E. P. Pratt, John L. Pratt, R. F. Raymond, Josiah Reed, Elias Richards, Charles Shaw, Chester Shaw, BASS. E. A. Joy, J. J. Loud, S. P. Nash, W. H. Nash, Henry Newton, John S. Porter, Solon W. Pratt, Alvah Raymond, W. K. Richards, Dana Smith, Nat. F. Thayer, B F. Thomas, Charles Thomas, C. G. Thompson, Amos Tirrell, Eben Tirrell, Ezra Tirrell, 2d, Stephen Tirrell. T. B. Seabury, L. Stephenson, D. L. Sterling, C. II. Thayer, J. F. Thomas, Ezra F. Tirrell, E. B. Whitcomb, J. M. Whitcomb, C. H. Young. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 699 13. FARMINGTON CHORAL SOCIETY, FARMINGTON, N. H. Thomas Cooke, President; James E. Fernald, Secretai~y and Treasurer; John H. Barker, Librarian; B. F. Ashton, Musical Director; Miss Georgia E. Severns, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. James E. Fernald, Miss Georgia E. Severns, Miss Augusta Thurston, Miss Emma Wingate. Miss Ellen Kimball, ALTO. Mrs. Daniel W. Kimball, Mrs. Charles Talpey, Miss Ida Barker, Miss Hattie Tufts. Benjamin F. Ashton, TENOR. David H. Nute, B. Frank Pinkham, Charles Wingate. Joseph T. Berry, Dr. Rufus B. Foss, BASS. Israel Hayes, A. D. Whitehouse, Daniel W. Kimball, C. S. Whitehouse, William Wingate. 14. GLEE AND CHORUS SOCIETY, LEBANON, N. II. Solon A. Peck, President; Nathaniel H. Hurlbhrt, Vice-President; E. H. Thompson, Secretary and Treasurer; J. W. Stearns, Librarian; J. M. Per¬ kins, Musical Director; Miss Clara E. Burgin, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. George L. Baker, Miss Mary Ella Cushman, Miss Sarah Jewett, Miss Sarah L. Smith, “ C. W. Emerson, “ Carrie E. Dewey, “ Caroline C. Smith, “ Mary S. Wainwright. “ Martha S. Newton, l ALTO. Mrs. Win. S Carter, Miss Clara E. Burgin, Miss Emma Fitch, Miss Mina Gregory, Miss Jennie M. Bliss, “ Fannie Durant, “ Sarah Fitch, “ Jennie Rowell. Ejwin R. Coburn, George T. Galbraith, John E. Hatch, George P. Baker, Hobert E. Bliss, Sami W. Cole, Charles H. Cook, TENOR. James H. Haughton, Capt. N. H. Randlett, II. H. Scott, Nathaniel Hurlburt, George Rice, Chas. E. Woodbury. BASS. George J. Cummings, Myron II. Fuller, Frank Hiland, Herman Holt, Dr James Newton, J. M. Perkins, Charles F. Richardson, E. H. Thompson, Dr. Henry D. Wyatt. 15. NEW HAMPTON CHORAL SOCIETY, NEW HAMPTON, N. H. Z. C. Perkins, President and Musical Director; James P. Lewis. Secretary and Treasurer; Miss M. E. Gunn, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs H. N. Newell, Miss Mary E. Gunn, Miss Nellie Hackett, Miss Nellie Pease. Mrs. J. H. Prescott, 700 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Mrs. S. F. Emery, “ 0. L. Hoyt, Jona. Brown, S. F. Emery, Calvin B. Griffin, Chas. W. Griffin, John H. Hoffman, ALTO. Mrs. S. W. Rollins, Miss Elena L. Gordon, Miss Mary Ward, Miss Anna F. C. Bedee, “ Ella A. Hall, “ F. M. Woodman. TENOR. Wm. I. Hoyt, Geo. F. Roberts, D C. Wheeler. Levi Leach, J. F. Smith, BASS. C. L. Hoyt, H. N. Newell, S. W. Rollins, Jas. P. Lewis, J U. Prescott, H P. Smith. 16. ANDROSCOGGIN MUSICAL SOCIETY, LEWISTON, ME. A. D. Lockwood, President; F. Newell, Vice-President; R. C. Pennell, Sec¬ retary and Treasurer; Seth Sumner, Musical Director; W. K. Enninger, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. J. Adams, “ M. W. Chase, “ M. A. Corliss, “ A. E. Edwards, ■“ C. Freeman, “ J. Goodwin, Mrs. 0. P. Lane, “ D. Wiggin, “ J, Woodside, Miss L. Barker, “ A. Clark, “ M. A. Clifford, Miss Ella Downer, Miss Josie Thom, “ J. L. Farrington, “ Grace Waldron, “ Eva Farwell, “ Dora Witcher. “ G. E. Hall, “ Eliza Pennell, “ Lottie Thompson, Mrs. W. C. Darrah, “ F. Gammon, “ E. A. Kinsley, Chas. H. Barrell, Benjamin Chandler, A. B. Crafts, J. H. Chase, M. W. Chase, C. A. Davenport, H. Dinsmore, A. B. Edwards, Mrs. P. M. Thurlow, C. Walker, Miss E. M. Bodge, E. C. Farrington, T. Fillebrown, C. L. Hunt, ALTO. Miss Eliza Burgess, “ S. A. Chase, “ Victoria Cook, Miss Nellie Drew, “ M. F. Sumner, “ Nellie Wyman. TENOR. J. B. Jordan, Carlos Nudd, A. K. Ordway, R C. Pennell, E. W. Rowell. BASS. N. L. Fogg, D. W. Kinsley, A. D. Lockwood, F. Newell, Chas. A. Pendexter, A. E Pennell, A. P Pennell, J. W Ricker, W. A. Russell, Seth Sumner, T. D. Thom, B F. Wood. 17. GROTON CENTRE MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, GROTON, MASS. Nathan R. Thayer, President; A. Robbins, Vice-President; J. K. Bennett, Secretary; G. D. Brigham, Treasurer; Dr. Norman Smith, Musical Director and Librarian; Miss Fannie Cook, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Susan C. Aikin, “ Mary J. Blood, “ Ellen L Cragin, “ Mary J. Smith, Mrs Harriet I. Tower, Miss Lucy A. Graves, Miss Sarah J. Patch, Miss Emma J Bancroft, “ Clara M. Hall, “ HarrietN Shattuck, “ Gertrude P. Bancroft, “ Lucy M. Hill, “ Mary L. Warren, “ Helen E Clarke, “ Miranda Luce, *• Harriet E Whiting. GKEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 701 ALTO. Mrs. Abbie A. Bennett, Miss Ellen M. Brigham, Miss Eliz. B. Lawrence, Miss Laura Smith, “ Jose. P. Caldwell, “ Georgiana Gleason, “ Addie L. Lee, “ M. E. Thurston, “ S. Fannie Cooke, “ Mary J. Graves, “ Lucy M. Mansur, “ Minerva L. Warren. “ Sarah L. Hall, TENOR. Geo. F. Balcom, John S. Cooke, Parker S. Fuller, Charles H. Gerrish, Cortland S. Hill, John G. Phillips, Norman Smith, Luther B. Warren. Wm. P. Aikin, Josiah K. Bennett, Geo. D. Brigham, Joseph D. Cragin, Charles Fosdick, Fred. Fosdick, James S. Fosdick, Joseph F. Hall, Reuben Lewis, Andrew Robbins, N. R. Thayer, Wm. H. Whiting. 18. ATHOL MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, ATHOL, MASS. C. C. Bassett, President; Dr. H. C. Smith and Dr. H. M. Humphreys, Vice- Presidents; Dr. James P. Oliver, Secretary and Treasurer; F. L. Fuller, Librarian; George S. Cheney, Musical Director; W. S. Wiggin, Assistant Musical Director; Mrs. H. C. Smith, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. G. S. Cheney, Mrs. A. M. Priest, Miss Charlotte S. Baker,Miss Eva G. McCurdy, “ Jennie Knox, “ C. A. Simonds, “ Ella M. Bowker, “ Nellie Walker. “ S. M. Osgood, “ Proctor Sloam, “ S. S. Bowker, ALTO. Mrs. A. Farnsworth, Mrs. M. A. Robbins, Mrs. Walter Thorpe, “ Catherine Pierce, “ H. C. Smith, Miss Addie Bement, TENOR. A. S. Albee, Geo. S. Cheney, F. L. Fuller, Wm. Atherton, C. A. Bliss, Elbridge A. Drury, Isaiah Merrill, Dr. James Oliver, C. S. Simonds, A. Farnsworth, Joseph Hansar, J. W. Hunt, Proctor Sloam, Almond Smith, BASS. Geo. F. Miller, I. G. Montague, I. Perkins, Miss A. M. Drury, “ Anna L. Spears. R. R. Safford, Wm. S. Wiggins. II. C. Smith, Gilbert Southard. 19. QUINCY POINT CHORAL SOCIETY, , QUINCY, MASS. T. H. Newcomb, President; G. W. Huntress, Vice-President; B. T. Hillman, Secretary; P. B. Mead, Treasurer; Z. H. Sidelinger, Librarian; E. P. Hayward, Musical Director; H. F. Smith, Marshal. SOPRANO AND ALTO. Mrs. J. M. Arnold, “ C. E. Butters, “ L. F. Chubbuck, “ S. A Fitch, Mrs. 0. M. Gove, “ J. Grant, " J. W. Hayden, “ W. W. Mayhew, Mrs. J. B. Newcomb, “ T. H. Newcomb, “ J. Paine, Miss H. Baxter, Miss E. Bosworth, “ E. M. Johnson, “ L. J. Mead, “ L. Sampson. 702 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. TENOR AND BASS. J. AI. Arnold, C. L. Hayden, B. W. Huntress, B. L. Newcomb, G. W. Collier, N. F. Hunt, S. E. Johnson, 0. Wilmarth. 20. MALDEN CHORUS CLUB, MALDEN, MASS. George P. Cox, President; W. A. Wilde, Secretary; Moors Pattee, Treas¬ urer ; 0. B. Brown, Musical Director; Geo. B. Shute, Pianist; H. Carey, Marshal. SOPRANO. Mrs A. Parker Brown, “ Emily Chase, “ Hale Jacobs, “ C . R. Prescott, “ E. J.Recd, Airs. J. H. Whitman, Miss Alice M. Bampton, “ Eliza L. Brown, “ B. H. Cox, “ S. D. Cutter, Aliss Mary E. Gleason, “ H. 51. Hill, “ Elma C. Aletcalf, “ E. G. Perry, “ F. A. Rand, Miss H. L. Robinson, “ Lizzie 0. Robinson, “ Alartha Sylvester. ALTO. Airs. Sami. Chevalier, Jr., Mrs. L. K. Aledding, “ E. C. Cleaveland, “ C. Syfferman, “ C. A. Daniels, Aliss Thesta S Carey, “ W. D. Holden, “ Fannie Crowell, Aliss S. H. Hall, “ E. A. Jacobs, “ E. Kempton, “ Lucy M. Newhall, Aliss Alary W. Perry, “ Ellen Sylvester, “ Emma AI. Touks. W. W. Abbott, O B. Brown, Sami. Chevalier, E. R. Cleaveland, F. Baldwin, J. AI. Baldwin, W. W. Bridge, D. P. Cox, Geo. P. Cox, Geo. T. Currier, TENOR. 0. B. Hall, W. D. Holden, Thomas Leavitt, J. R. AliUer, G. C. Richards, John B. Sweet. Henry G Carey, W. F. Haven, Aloors Pattee, BASS. Isaac Putnam, Geo. B. Shute, Isaac A. Stiles, W. A. Wilde. 21. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHORAL SOCIETY, PLYAIOUTH, AIASS. Calvin S. Damon, President; T. B. Drew, Secretary; J. S. Brown, Treasurer ; Thomas Eldridge, Librarian; John H. Harlow, Musical Director; Mrs. J. H. Harlow, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Geo. H. Harlow, “ Prince Alanter, “ J.Shannon, Airs. Nellie Sherman, “ W. B. Standish, Aliss Clara Batcheller, Aliss Ann E. Harlow, “ L. Merriman, “ E. Perkins, Aliss P. Perkins, “ E. A. Williams. Airs. E. W Atwood, “ J. II Harlow, ALTO. Airs. Sami. Nelson, Aliss Sarah Alorton, Aliss Helena Rich. Miss Lucy Alorton, “ Alary Nickerson, W. Atwood, 2d, J. L. Brown, C. S. Damon, Thos Eldridge, TENOR. T. B. Drew, J. H. Harlow, BASS. Clark Finney, Sami Nelson, N. II. Fuller, C. T. Alay. Geo. S. Peterson. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 703 22. SOUTH ABINGTON CHORAL SOCIETY, SOUTH ABINGTON, MASS. Bela Alden, President ; Washington Peterson, Secretary; A. Brown, Treas¬ urer; A. Alden Reed, Librarian; William A. Bowles, Musical Director; Edwin Gurney, Pianist. SOPRANO. Miss Nellie E. Gilmore, Miss Laura C. Keith, Miss Emily B. Peterson, Miss Ellen E. Sharpe, “ Helen Hobart, “ Esther H. Latham, “ S. M. Reed, “ Rosalie Sharpe. “ Susie W. Jones, -A ALTO. Miss Rachel N. Beebe, MissL. Clara Holbrook, Miss Georgie J. Sharpe, Miss Georgie E. Soule, “ Maria A. Benson, “ CarrieM Kingman, “ Eugenia A. Soule, “ Mary A. Whitcomb. “ Myra J. Cole, TENOR. P. Allen, William A. Bowles, H. F. Copeland, J. C. Gilbert, Edward P Gurney, Edwin Gurney, Edwin L. Gurney, J. B Peterson, L W. Richards, Henry M. Soule, BASS. A. Sumner Stetson, Albert D. Wheeler, Henry A. Whiting, Bela Alden, J Elwyn Bates, Alfred Brown, Ephraim T. Cole, Daniel M. Fullarton, Richard A. Gurney, David B. Howe, Simeon C. Keith, A. H. Latham, Washington Peterson, Edward S. Powers, A Alden Reed, Alfred Sharpe, J. It. Whitcomb, J. Kennard Wilson. 23. WALTHAM CHORAL UNION, WALTHAM, MASS J. W. Fairbanks, President; G. A. Bates, Secretary; C. J. Olney, Treasurer; George Hobbs, Librarian; J. S. Jones, Musical Director; James Colby, Organist; L. W. Stanley, Marshal. SOPRANO. Mrs. J. G. Moore, Miss Mary A. E. Downes, Miss G. M. B. Hill “ Geo. S- Woodman, 11 Miss Abbie M Abbott, 11 “ Fannie Adams, “ “ Abbie E. Armstrong, “ “ Mattie A Batchelder, “ “ Annie E. Blair, “ Emma J Bolton, “ S. Eva Burge, “ M A Burns, “ L. M. Cobleigh, “ Ruth Dickinson, “ Katie A Donovan, “ Annie W Draper, Alice L. Emerson, Sara A. Emerson, Anna Fernald, Sarah E. Foster, Emma Gooding, Mary F. Graves, Marrion F Haines, J C. Hall, F. E. Harvey, E. W Hastings, Lizzie Hastings, “ Sarah E. Hosmer, “ Nettie M. Johnson, “ Lizzie Keegan, “ Annie Lincoln, “ Alice I. Mann, “ Helen Merritt, “ Sarah F. Munster, “ Mary E Newton, “ Katie O’Brien, “ Lizzie Pinkham, “ Kate A. Quinn, “ E. J. Scott, ALTO. Mrs. J. W. Rice, “ E. W. Taft, “ Alden W’ebb, Miss P. D. Alexander, “ Nellie Burge, “ Anna E. Connelly, “ Sarah U. Davis, “ Nellie M. Delaney, Miss M L. Donovan, Miss M. P. Hastings, “ Julia A. Emerson, “ C. L. Hodgdon, “ Charlotte F. Farwell, “ Mary L. Hollister, “ Helen A. Fiske, Eda Kennard, “ Mary F. Gibbs, “ C. M. Lee, “ Sarah A. Gragg, “ M. M. Leyson, “ Augusta Greenwood, “ Nellie A. Locke, “ M. Griffin, “ L. Loker, TENOR. G- A. Bates, J. F. Conally, C, W. Draper, G- E. Bullard, Thos. R. Dolan, W. J, Duffy, Miss Jennie A. Shirley, “ M. A. Simonds, “ Lucie H. Smith, “ Ellen M. Storer, “ Ella Taylor, “ Lillian Thorpe, “ Maggie Wellington “ M. F. Welsh, “ May Weston, “ Fannie 1. Wheeler, “ Clara C. Young. Miss C. D. May, “ Louise H. Presby, “ Mary A. Richards, “ A. E. Smith, “ Emeline Spear, “ Emma Thomas, “ Lizzie Thompson, “ A. S. Wbitney. Marshal Eaton, W. C. Fiske, 704 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Geo. Hastings, Jr., B. Healy, A. C. Hews, Geo. E. Hobbs, Geo W. Houghton, A. T, Bacon, Chas. Baker, Win Baker, Jr., J, C. Bates, L. Burge, J W. Colby, Levi Colby, G. E. Dickey, J. W. Fairbanks, E. A. Johnson, James B. Keene, Cyrus Lee, W. W Leonard, Sami. K. Leyson, J. C. Locke, J. N. Lord, E. A. Marsh, Wm II Greeuleaf, Josiah Hastings, E. F. Hayward, A. J. Iloit, C E. Hosmer, J S. Jones, M. Keenan, J. P. Kidder, Joel A. Lincoln, BASS. A. S. Locke, Thos. Miles, A. S. Morse, C. J. Olney, A. T. Pierce, David Randall, E. Everett Robbins, J. W. Silver, H. E. Skeele, Benj. Peirce, J.T. Shepard, A. R. Wiley, Geo. H. Woodman. Geo. E. Smith, H. Smith, L. W. Stanley, Wm. Tafts, Geo. M. Thompson, S. F. Warren, J. P. Welsh, Geo.. S. Woodman, A. K. Wright. 24. FITCHBURG CHORAL SOCIETY, FITCHBURG, MASS. Moses G. Lyon, President and Musical Director; B. Frank Wallis, Secretary; Wm. A. Macurda, Treasurer; A. R.. Smith, Librarian; A. S. Belding, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. A. Arnold, Mrs. John Saxton, Miss Nellie C. Hawkins, Miss Ruth Trask, “ Nellie H. Corey, “ 0. F. Woodbury, ‘ ‘ Clara D. Ilosmer, “ M. Emma Upton, “ Kate A Fairbanks, Miss Mary L. Adams, ‘ ‘ Mary E. Lyon, “ M. A. Valentine. “ E. A Gibbs, “ S A. Brick, ‘ Helen J. Lesure, “ E. L Miller, “ Mary M. Dickinson, 1 ‘ Emma F. Pratt, “ W. A. Macurda, “ Lottie E. Freeland, ‘ * Mary L. Snow, Mrs. E J. Crossman, “ M E Durant, “ M. Lizzie Eddy, “ L. B Fisher, ALTO. Mrs. B. F. Lewis, Miss Esther M. Putnam, Miss Annie M. Wallace, Mary .1. Raymond, “ Abby F. Sampson, “ Maria Woodbury, “ Helen Wallace, “ Hortense E. Tolman, “ Emma Wyman. Miss Hattie P. Adams, “ Julia E. Thompson, Thomas Almond, Irving Arnold, Wm. S. Boutelle, D. C. Brick, G. S. Arnold, George Beesley, Reuel B. Clark, Edward P. Coleman, E. J. Crossman, Will. W. Clark, Osgood Collester, D. A. Corey, Sami. E. Crocker, TENOR. Jabez Fisher, Moses G. Lyon, Wm. A. Macurda, Joel Page, Frank P. Putnam, John Upton, David Wallace, B. Frank Wallis, S. A. Wheeler, Jr., Andrew Whitney, H. W. Whitney, Allen A. Wood, A. J. Woodbury. C. B. Dennis, James R Hamilton, Moses Hoyt, B. Frank Lewis, Stephen Lowe, BASS. Alfred Miller, J. Q. Peabody*, James P. Putnam. A. R. Smith, E. G. Spaulding, 25. PLAISTOW CHORAL SOCIETY, PLAISTOW, N. H. Francis N. Flanders, President; Rev. A. Colburn, Secretary; Isaac Hall, Treaswrer; Charles Bradley, Librarian; Mrs. Emma J. Nichols, Musical Director; Miss A. Colburn, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. L. M. Clifford, Mrs. E. G. Nichols, Miss M. A. Clement, Miss A. L. Noyes. “ E. H. Lloyd, Miss H. L. Clement, “ E. I. Colburn, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 705 Mrs. M. E. One, Miss S. P. Cass, C. M. Bradley, A. Colburn, F. N. Flanders, ALTO. Miss A. Colburn, Miss M. E. Kelley, “ L. B. Davis, “ E. L. Noyes, TENOR. C. Bryant, W. Davis, BASS. I. Hall, A. B. Little, Miss S. F. Noyes. A. Noyes. A. B. Merrrill, 26. EAST DOUGLAS MUSICAL SOCIETY, EAST DOUGLAS, MASS. Wm. Hunt, President; G. W. Spencer, Secretary; S. Russell, Treasurer and Librarian; John C. Waters, Musical Director; Miss Hattie A. Hutchins, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Mary Batcheller, Mrs. Wm. H. Ward, Miss Alice E. Campbell, Miss Mary Holbrook, “ S. p. Holbrook, “ J. C. Waters, “ F. A. Cummings, “ Lizzie Warren. “ Ezra Jones, ALTO. Mrs. Wm. Hunt, Mrs. A. F. J(jnes, Mrs. Stillman Russell, Miss Hattie A. Hutchins. Geo. Holbrook, Geo. F. Hutchins, Dea. Albert Butler, A. M. Hill TENOR. Stillman Russell, Geo. W. Spencer, BASS. Dr. S. P. Holbrook, Oliver Hutchins, W illiam Hunt, Edwin Moore, John C. Waters. G. F. Schenck. 27. QUINCY CHORAL SOCIETY, QUINCY, MASS. C. A. Howland, President; C. H. Porter, Secretary; W. Abercrombie, Treas¬ urer; William Howland, Librarian; H. B. Brown, Musical Director; C. T. Reed, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. H. B. Brown, “ J. F. Burrffl, “ Maggie A. Dinegan, “ Mary E. Dinegan, “ Hattie M. Grey, “ Annie Keating, Mrs. Emma J. Keith, Susan F. Packard, Emma Sampson, Slade, S. Addie Souther, Laura Tirrell, Miss Florence Colby, Miss Lizzie Holden, “ Ellen Devlin, “ Mary Keating, “ Katie Flanigan, “ Abby Pope, “ Dora A. French, “ Jessie Russell, “ Margie Green, “ Cora Skinner. “ H. Eliza Hardwick, Mrs. Abbie Field, “ Lydia L. Follett, “ Ellen M. Miller, Mrs. Emma Reed, “ Harriet True, Miss H. A. French, ALTO. Miss Lucy Hersey, “ Lizzie Jones, “ Jerusha Keating, Miss Laura Pray, “ Emma Wrisley. H. B. Brown, R. D. Chase, W. G. Comey, W. Abercrombie, J. F. Burrill, TENOR. R. G. Eliot, H. Walter Gray, G. H. Field, Chas. T. Reed, BASS. D. L. F. Chase, G S. Coffin, II. Chubbuck, Benj. Curtis,, 45 Herbert Reed, L. Rockwell. W. H. Follett, Chas. A. Howland, NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. J. H Mundy, W. W. Pratt, J. B. Stetson, C. II. Porter, E. B. Souther, J. B. Whiting. 28. LAWRENCE MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, LAWRENCE, MASS. F. E. Clark, President; W. P. Cooper, Secretary and Treasurer; E. Branch Librarian; S. A. Ellis, Musical Director ; W. Fawcett, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. W. Burbank, Mrs A. W. Howland, Miss Carrie Cutler, Miss Mary Packard, “ C. N. Chamberlain , “ C. E. Kinney, 44 Agnes Dana, “ A. A. Parsons, “ J P. Chandler, “ W. H. Lon gee, 44 Ella M Dow, “ Carrie Pinkerton, “ II. P. Cheeney, 44 Ella Monteith, 44 Katie Fisher, “ Lizzie Reed, “ F. E. Clarke, 44 M. E. Patten, 44 Mary Fisher, “ Emma Richards, “ J. F. Cogswell, “ J. II. Prescott, 44 Louisa Gould, “ Lizzie A. Russell, “ Thos. Cullen, “ W. E. Rice, 44 R. H. Hastings, “ Rebecca Sager, “ Sarah Dow, “ E. P. Richardson, 44 Katie E. Hindle, “ L M. Say ward. “ W. W. Fisher, 44 L. J. Sanborn, 44 Josie Knights, “ Fannie Smith, “ N. T. Gingrass, Miss Mary E Allen, 44 Helen D. Langmaid , “ Annie Thomas, “ A. C. Gould, 44 M. D. Anderson, 44 Georgie Littlefield, “ Susie Walsh, “ A. M. Grover, 44 S. M. Bailey, 44 Emma Mason, “ E. L. Wentworth. “ M. A. Hogle, 44 Carrie Bonney, 44 Georgie McCoy, “ D. Howarth, “ Grace Cooper, 44 Carrie Morris, / ALTO. Mrs. Ilenry Barton, Mrs. Mary Lillie, Miss Lilly Cutler, Miss Eva Prescott, “ W. F. Bates, “ D. W. O.sgood, 44 C. E. Farnham, “ M. J. Richardson, “ M. L. Bicknell, “ W. R. Pedrick, 44 Emily Gage, “ Ruth A. Ricker, “ F. V Butters, “ A. C. Rice, 44 Laura Gale, “ Fannie Russell, “ A. C. Clarke, “ L. J. Stoddard, 44 Sarah L. Gray, “ Alice Sager, “ W. C. Coburn, 44 Helen Swan, 44 Sarah E. Hayes, “ Blanche Sargent, “ Geo. P. Cutler, 44 N. Whitford, 44 It. Estella Haynes, “ F. M. Stevens, “ S. A. Ellis, Miss Eunice Abbott, “ M. A. Hindle, “ I. Stiles, “ Geo. W. Hill, “ Addie Blake, “ Eliza Ley land, “ Emma J.Woodbury “ H. Howard, 44 Emma Bonney, 44 Zilpha Morton, Mr. Wm. Robinson, “ Josie KimbaU, 44 Lizzie Boothby, 44 Mary Osgood, “ Geo. Wilson. TENOR. Chas. Batty, J. K. Cole, L. E. Hogle, E. G. Pratt, E. E. Branch, Lawrence Davenport, A. W. Howland, J. N. Pratt, H. A. Buell, S. A. Ellis, A. B. Kinney, Benj. Rogers, Joe. Butterworth, Wm. Fawcett, 0. Littlefield, Geo. S. Rollins, H. Canfield, Benj. Hamer, A. A. Morse, Peter Smith, Fred.E. Clarke, A. L. Haynes, D W. Osgood, Wm. Taylor, Jas. F. Clarke, Geo. W. Hill, Wm. R. Pedrick, John Wilkinson, BASS. W. F. Bates, W. P. Cooper, Jas. F. Melling, J. M. Richards, Homer Beedle, Geo. A. Durrell, M. P. Merrill, E. P. Richardson, J. G. Bicknell, H. W. K. Eastman, R. Merrill, D. B. Ricker, Ed. Butterworth, Jno. Edwards, Wm. Merrill, C. II. Sawyer, Willard L. Carleton, Webster P. Edwards, J. H. Morgan, Robert M. Smith, F. Carruthers, Luke J. Fell, E. Erank Page, Dr. A. J. Stevens, A. C. Chadwick, Rev. C. E. Fisher, H P. Parsons, Alden Washburne, Wm. Chapman, Frank Fletcher, E. L. Partridge, John Whitworth- H. P. Cheeney, F. D. Foster, P. G. Pillsbury, E. F. Childs, Wm. Goldthwaite, H. B Prince, W. C. Cobum, D. W. Lord, A. C. Rice, 706 W. C. Howland, A. Keating, Danl. McCurdy, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 707 29. ABINGTON CHORAL SOCIETY, ABINGTON CENTRE, MASS. D. Powers, President; G. A. Beal, Secretary and Treasurer; E. L. Noyes, Librarian; Henry Noyes, Musical Director; Miss Abbie F. Soule, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Sophia E. Bennett, Mrs. Julia Howard, Mrs. Arabella Sears, Mrs. C. W. Washburn, “ Angie M. Burbeek, “ Mariesta Howland, “ Lucy Thompson, Miss Susie Dunham. “ Lydia Chase, “ Sylvia Perley, ALTO. Mrs. JosephineM. Baldwin, Mrs. Hittie T. McKenney, Miss Sarah E. Dunham, Miss Selina H. Nash, “ Mary L. Dyer, “ Sophia E. Merritt, “ Abby Poster, “ Abbie P. Soule. “ Amanda Groce, TENOR. Gilbert Baldwin, William H. Davis, Lindley M. Deane, George A. Beal, Lucius D. Burbeek, Otis Churchill, Ichabod W. Faunce, Parmenas Locke, Charles W. Mitchell, Meritt Nash, Henry Noyes, Calvin P. Powers, Gilbert J. liamsdell, Jeremiah T. Richmond, Albert Whitmarsn. Dennis Powers, Henry A. Ramsdell, Otis W. Soule. William H. Faunce, 1 Charles W. Howland, Henry Hunt, Whitman B. Merritt, BASS. Albert M. Nash, Joshua L. Nash, Ephraim L. Noyes. Patrick O’Brien, 30. ORANGE COUNTY MUSICAL SOCIETY, RANDOLPH, VT. J. W. Fargo, President; C. R. Montague, Secretary and Treasurer; George Dodge, Musical Director; Miss A. Eaton, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Mary R. Smith, Miss Alice A. Eaton, Miss H. 0. Woodbury. ALTO. Miss Emma F. Kimball, Miss Laura L. Paine, Miss Lizzie S. Partridge, Miss Marietta Wilson. “ Martha J. Ladd, TENOR. John Durkee, Geo. D. Smith, A. R. Yaughan, T. L. Wood. A. H. Fay, BASS. A. A. Ainsworth, J. W. Fargo, E. B. Flanders, C. R. Montague. Geo. Dodge, 31. YARMOUTHPORT CHORUS CLUB, YARMOUTHPORT, MASS. D. G. Eldredge, President; E. D. Paine, Secretary and Treasurer; Jairus Lincoln, Musical Director; Miss Deborah Hamblin, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. M. C. Hornet Miss Annie Childs, Miss Eliza T. Howes, Miss Clara Myrick, “ E. D. Payne, “ Ellen Eldridge, “ Susie Howes, “ Myra M. Sears. “ C. F. Swift, “ Sophia Hallett, “ S. E. Matthews, 708 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE ALTO. Mrs. James Knowles. Mrs. J. Lincoln, Jr., Miss Anna L. Hamblin, Miss Minnie Homer, “ Win. IV. Knowles, “ E. Ryder, “ Deborah Hamblin, “ Addie Seabury. TENOR. E. F. Baker, D. G. Eldridge, Win. S. Fisher, g. T. Howes. BASS. J. P. Burgess, E. D. Payne, E. L. Robbins, Frank Thacher. J. Lincoln, Jr., 32. BOSTON CHORAL UNION, SOUTH BOSTON, MASS. F. H. Underwood, President; James H. Powers, Vice-President; M. C. O’Con¬ nell, Secretary; W. P. Adams, Treasurer; G. W. Partridge, Librarian; J. C. D. Parker, Musical Director; Miss Underwood, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. L. J. Bird, Miss Lucy E. Chisholm, Miss Ella R. Johnson, Miss Lucy A. Page, “ M. E. Bird, “ Larana C. Clark, “ Lizzie M. Johnston , “ Linnie A. Palmer, “ C. C. Chapman, “ Annie R. Cobb, 11 Mary E. Johnston, “ Fannie M. Parker, “ Ann H. Dunham, “ Cliffie S. Cooke, “ Sarepta Jones, ‘ 1 Sophia L. Peterson, “ H. F. Faulkner, “ Lottie A. Cooke, “ Lizzie M. Kenney, “ Fanny Pierce, “ Win. Given, S. V. Cunningham, “ Meda C. Kimball, “ Georgie E. Pike, “ F.' Hartford, “ Fanny Curtis, “ Ida G. Lamprey, “ Gertrude Pope, “ Geo. II. Homer, “ Lizzie R. Cushing, “ Millie Lastar, “ Ettie M. Porter, “ E. Hosmer, “ Mary K. Davis, “ Sarah Lastar, 11 Ella M. Ramsdell, “ Isaiah C Howes, “ Mary B. Dodge, “ May Lawson, “ May K. Shaokford, “ Wm. T. Lapham, “ Lilia A. Dolbeare, “ Sarah A. Lewis, “ Frances Shaw, u C. J. Littlefield, “ Hannah S. B. Dykes, 11 L. Elbe Linscott, “ Mary T. P. Silva, “ Hannah E. Lovering, “ Mary II. Faxon, “ M. Lizzie Lovell, “ Mary Simpson, “ L. A. Lovering, “ Mary J. Fen nelly, “ Mary L. Lufkin, “ Emily T. Smith, “ M. J. Mooney, “ Adelaide Fisk, “ Ella Lyon, “ Ella J. Souther, “ H. J. Poole, “ Emma L. Fisk, “ Eunice M. Lyon, “ Carrie R. Stackpole, “ Lucy J. Poole, “ Minnie A. Fiske, “ Jennie Lyon, “ Marcia A. Thing, “ Katie Truette, “ Annie C. Gill, “ Louise A. Mack, “ Jessie C. Tiles ton, “ Charles J. Vaughn, , “ H. E. G. Gleason, “ Katie A. Maloney, “ Emma Tinkham, “ Richard R. Walsh, “ Eva P. Goodwin, u Minnie J. May, “ Sarah B. Tucker, Miss Sarah B Abbott, “ Grace E. Gragg, “ Annie McDonough, “ A. F. Tuttle, “ Carrie E. Adams, “ S. Lizzie Hammond, “ Susie A. Melledew, “ Laura Underwood, “ Mary A. Adams, “ Lucy P. Hatch, “ M. Maria Miller, “ Adelia C. Wait, “ Nettie Allen, “ Stella Hatch, C. C. Nelson, “ Lizzie V. Wait, “ Ida L. Angier, “ Martha C. Hill, “ M. J. Nelson, “ L. E. Walbridge, “ Ahce W. Baker, “ Emma A. Holbrook, “ Hannah Nicholson, Carrie A. Webster, “ Esther E. Ball, “ Emma Howe, “ Mary Nicholson, “ Ella L. Wilber, “ Jennie Boston, “ S. E. Hughes, Abbie C. Nickerson, “ Kate A. Williams, “ Julia E. Bowers, “ M. L. Hurd, “ Addie Nickerson, “ Charlotte M. Willis, “ Nellie A. Bragdon, li Salla M. Bromwick, “ Alice B. Burt, “ J. B. Cherrington, “ Lena Hurlburt, “ , “ Annie Irish, “ Emma F. James, “ “ Cora B. Johnson, “ ALTO. Isabel J. Nickerson, P. S. Nickerson, Jennie Nielson, Katie S. Parmenter, “ Mary Ella Winch. Mrs. Lucy C. Bartlett, Mrs. Manly Howe, Miss Carrie A. Abbott, Miss Mary A. Devlin, “ Richard F. Bond, “ Ella C. Nichols, “ L. Annie Baldwin, “ Susie F. Devlin, “ II. S. Braden, “ Osborn, “ Alice E. Ball, l< Teresa Doherty, “ A. II. Brown, “ Olive L. Roberts, “ Carrie II. Bartlett, “ Mary F. Duxbury, “ Mary P. Colburn, “ Eleanor B. Wheeler, “ Nellie II. Chambers, “ Mary D. Emery, “ Alfred Dykes, “ L. A. Wheeler, Minnie Croaker, “ Nettie Emery, “ Janie N. Goodwin, “ Jennie Wilson, “ Addie M. Culver, “ Abbie M. Ferrin, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 709 Miss Jennie M. Fitton, Miss Florence D. Kelren, Miss Garafelia M. Morse Miss Anna E. Stone, “ Maria M. Gallagher , 11 Isabel M. Kelren, “ Maggie Mullen, “ Ruth Stone, “ Mary J. Guernsey, “ A C. Kimball, “ Mary E. Nay, “ Abbie B. Taylor, “ Frank B. Hale, “ Allie S. Knapp, “ Laura A. Nielson, “ M. L. Underwood, “ Clara E. Hill, 11 Louisa Knapp, “ Olive F. Pierce, “ Sarah Vaughn, “ Emma Hood, “ Phedora Knapp, “ Clara J. Poole, “ L. A. Waterman, “ Susie A. Jeffers, 11 Ida J. Macurda, “ Nellie Power, “ Kate A. Williams. “ Lydia M. Jenks, C. Franc Maloy, “ Etta J. Ruggles, “ Anna M. Jones, “ Emma F. Mayo, “ Juliette Smith, “ Susie F. Jones, “ Harriet Meyers, “ Kate Spring, TENOR. N. F Abbott, John J. Carney, William T. Lapham, Henry J. Poole, Austin It. Adams, George W. Carter, C. J. Littlefield, James Power, Warren P. Adams, John J. Degan, Daniel F. Long, John P. Sayage, E. E. Allen, Samuel F. Deland, William H. Lovering, Samuel C. Tenney, S. F. Bachelder, Elias R. Emery, William Lutted, R. W. Thing, George W. Bail Fred C. Floyd, William Lynch, Wm. F. Thompson, G. W. Belcher, Lyman J. Fuller, Alexander McKenzie, F. M. Upham, Lewis J. Bird, John T. Gilchrist, William Nielson, Jr., J. R. Winch, Geo. A. Blackmore, A. S. Green, E. H. Nichols, James Wood, H. S. Braden, B. Haley, Hiram L. Paige, R. S. Young. Chas. M. Bromwick, Edward Ilewitson, U. K. Pettingill, Joseph Buckley, James H. Lambert, Charles C. Poole, BASS. Wm. U. Amsden, Theron J. Cumming, Nathaniel Lanning, George E. Scott, Henry Andrews, M. F. Curley, James Massey, George E. Smith, Joshua P. Barker, E. S. Dunham, William B. McAvoy, Wm. P. Smith, C. B Bedlington, Dennis Dwyer, Henry McCoy, Charles Sprague, Charles F. Belcher, P. H. Dwyer, E. R McPherson, F. II. Underwood, George W. Birch, H. Floyd Faulkner, Richard Monks, Charles J. Vaughn, Charles L. Bird, George V. Field, George W. Morse, D. E. Wadleigh, John H. Bird, Joseph Fraser, M. C. O’Connell, Fred. A. Waitt, Joseph II. Bird, Obed Goodspeed, George W. Partridge, Richard R. Walsh, John W. Blackmore, William Ilersey, A. G. Pike, James T. Wheeler, C. L. Burdett, Thomas Hill, Michael F. Power, Benjamin E. Whiting, C. C. Chapman, George H. Homer, George H. Putnam, James Willis. Warren Cobb, William B. Johnson, George H. Ryder, 33. SALEM CHORAL SOCIETY, SALEM, MASS. F. H Lee, President; Geo. A. Fuller, Secretary; E. R. Bigelow, Treasurer; Carl Zerrahn, Musical Director; Frank Upton, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. 31. J. Archer, Mrs. James Keating, Mrs. David P. Waters, Miss M. E. Bush, “ E. S. Attwood, “ C. P. Kemble, “ Geo. A. Wells, “ S A. L. Chadwick, “ W. K. Bigelow, “ E. T. Kemble, “ F. A. Wruck, “ Lottie Chapman, “ B. C. Brown, “ Carrie Leavitt, Miss Jennie R Andrews, , “ Eliza B. Chase, “ J. P. Browning, “ J. W. Lefavour, “ M. Atkins, “ Mary A. Clarke, “ Francis Cox, “ J. M. Newhall, 11 Carrie W. Austin, “ Sarah R. Clark, “ J F. Dane, “ E. G. Perking, “ Milly S Austin, “ C. E. Comstock, “ Gee. P. Daniels, “ Geo. H. Perkins, “ Emma D Bailey, 11 Eliza A. Fitz, “ J. Faxon, “ A. B. Richardson, “ Carrie Baldwin, “ Nellie A. Friend, “ Laura A. Gallup, “ J. 0. Safford, “ Sarah A Baldwin, “ Hattie Goldsmith, “ W. S. Gavett, “ E. P. Sargent, “ M. J Boardman, “ Louisa A. Goodwin, “ W. D. Hunt, “ C. II. Stocker, “ Josephine Bruce, “ C. H. Greene, “ D. H. Johnson, Jr. , “ B. F Upton, “ Lizzie Bunker, ‘ Nettie Hagar, 710 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE Miss S. L. Hanson, Miss Mary L King, Miss L. S. Rich, Miss Sarah M. Spiller, “ Sarah E. Hill, “ Louisa B. Meacom, “ Lucy T. Robinson, “ Anna C. Sullivan, u Annie A. Hinckley, “ L. S. Merritt, “ Mary Robinson, “ Annie M. Toomey, “ Ellen K Hodges, “ Nellie S. Messinger, “ Mary F Robinson, u Georgie Towne, “ Priscilla 0- Ilodges, , “ Mary E. Miller, “ Minnie P. Ropes, “ L. S. Towne, u Anna D. Hunt, “ Ruth Miller, “ A. D. Shannon, “ R. II. Treadwell, “ Jane Hunt, “ Eliza B. Nichols, “ E. Silsbee, “ E. Maria Upham, “ Sarah E. Hunt, “ Ellen A. Nichols, “ II. A. Simonds, “ M E. Wales, “ Hattie E. Jones, “ S-Augusta Nichols, , “ J. R. Simonds, “ Carrie R. Webb, “ Fanny E. Kelman, “ Mary E. Oliver, “ J. Rosie Simonds, “ M.L. Webb, “ Louisa B. Kieham, “ S. B. Perkins, “ Sarah P. Simonds, “ Lucy B. Willson, “ Lizzie Kemble, “ E. A. Pinnock, “ H. M. Smith, “ S. W. Wheeler, “ J. k M. Kimball, “ S. L. Kimball, ‘ Anna M. Quimby, “ Sarah C. Raymond, “ II. F. Southward, “ Edith S. Spiller, “ Ella Worcester. ALTO. Mr. W. S. Fennollosa, Miss Emily W. Archer, Mss Louisa V. Jones, Miss Abigail G. Smith, Mrs. J. A. Bassett, “ Harriet A. Austin, “ Sarah H. Kehew, “ Georgiana D. Smith, “ D. B. Brooks, “ Susie S. Baker, “ Mary B. Kilkane, “ Hattie C. Smith, “ Clara S. Burnham, “ Eliza A. Baxter, “ Emily Larcom, “ Lura S. Spiller, “ M. K. Crosby, u Hannah Burke, “ Addie Leavitt, “ Margie H. Stevens, “ N. Foster, “ S. L. Canterbury, “ Ellen D. Martin, “ Alice R. Strout, “ L. M. Fowler, kC E. W. Chadwick, “ Mary S. Meacom, “ Louisa C. Symonds, “ H. M. E. Goodhue, “ Annie F. Bay, “ Abby F. Nichols, “ E. S. Vickary, “ C. II. Hayward, “ Lizzie P. Derby, “ Ellen W. Oliver, “ S. E. Wales, “ 0. B. Holden, “ Ella W. Fiske, “ Lizzie B. Osborne, “ Grace Walker, “ J. C. Osgood, “ Margaret B. Fitz, “ Ella G. Page, “ Nellie A. Wason, “ Q. A. Rust, “ Came Graves, “ Addie M. Peabody. , “ Mary Eliza Webb, “ Daniel Upton, “ Emily F Habon, “ Kate Pond, “ S. E. Willson, “ B. Whitmore, “ Cora J. Hancock, “ Kate F. Pond, “ Mary E. Worsley, Miss M. B. Agin, “ Martha R. Hill, “ Sarah A. Potter, “ S. E. Wyman. “ Hannah L. Allen, “ Anna M. Holmes, “ M. A. Rennnonds, “ Hattie P. Allen, “ M. E. Janes, “ Priscilla C. Ropes, TENOR. Everett E. Austin, Geo. A. Fuller, J. Hardy Miller, Jr., W. W. Richards, Charles H. Bates, W. S. Gavett, C. Fessenden Nichols, Edward A. Smith, L. F. Brigham, M. W. George, C. S. Noah, George W. Sumner, F. N. Chapman, James A. Gillis, B. C. Perkins, William S. Tilden, E. P. Emibo, D. B. Hagar, Joshua Phippen, J. Francis Tuckerman, Alvah A. Evans, I. P. Harris, Charles H. Preston, William P. Upham, Benjamin H. Fabens, C. L. Hayward, John H. Preston, E. Valentine, B. Louis Fabens, B. M. Kenny, C H. Pulsifer, George M. 'Whipple, J. H. Felt, William Kimball, Albert Remmonds, Benj. Whitmore, Manuel Fennollosa, Hervey Lunt, J. W. Rhoades, Ezra L. Woodbury. BASS. William Agge, James Coolidge, Francis II. Lee, Henry A. Smith, Aug. J. Archer, George R. Curwen, Arthur Lincoln, Volney C. Stowe, William Archer, T. F. Davidson, Solomon Lincoln, Jr., E. S. Thayer, Arthur S. Austin, W. P. Davis, James J. Lord, Daniel Upton, Edwin R. Bigelow, F. A. Emmerton, James Me Geary, Edgar W. Upton, W. K. Bigelow, Charles E. Fabens, John Meacom, Francis Upton, Henry M. Brooks, Ernest F. Fennollosa, E. F. Newhall, James Upton, R. H. Browne, Arthur W. Foote, Joseph Newhall, Herbert Valentine, John P. Browning, Rufus B. Gifford, Henry Kemble Oliver, A. J. Walker, H. C. Burnham, Abner C. Goodell, L. K. Parsons, Calvin R. Wasbbume, Dr. S. M. Cate, Henry A. Hale, E. H. Payson, Henry F. Waters, William Cate, James T. Hewes, Geo. LI. Perkins, W. A. Webber, E. C. Cheever, C. H. Higbee, S. Foster Quimby, William H. Whipple, Augustus Clark, William H. Ivehew, E. H. Randall, John II. Williams. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 711 34. SANDWICH CHORAL SOCIETY, SANDWICH, MASS. Uriel F. Sherman, President; Samuel Fessenden, Secretary and Treasurer; H. Dillaway, Librarian; H. Hersey Heald, Musical Director; Miss Sarah McLaughlin, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Chas. H. Burgess, Mrs. L. Severance, Miss Sarah McLaughlin, “ J. R. Nickles, Miss Helen Lapham, ALTO. Mrs. Lucy Hayward, I. K. Chipman, Sylvanus Bourne, Joseph Brammar, Mrs. J Lloyd, Mrs. Nettie Murray, TENOR. Sami. Chipman, Hiram Dillaway, BASS. Chas. H. Burgess, M. F. Delano, Leander Chamberlain, H. H. Heald, Miss Laura A. Stevens Mrs. Lydia Swift Sami. Fessenden. W. F. Sherman. 35. HYANNIS CHORAL SOCIETY, HYANNIS, MASS. A. C. Swift, President; C. H. Nye, Secretary; Rodney Baxter, Treasurer; A. S. Crosby, Librarian; R. Weeks, Musical Director; Miss J. Crowell, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. Cornish, Miss Ada Baxter, Miss Lousea Crosby, Miss Laura H. Sears. “ W H. Wver, “ Mary D. Chase, “ Susie Phinney, ALTO. Mrs. H. C. Wilcox, Miss Rebecca J. Beane, Miss Lizzy F. Cornish, Miss Alexina Handy. J.A. Beane, J. W. Chapman, Rodney Baxter, Dr. C. F. George, ’ TENOR. A. S. Crosby, W. H. Evans, BASS. W. D. Kelley, Levi Snow, A. C. Swift, E. A. Walker, Chas. H. Nye. R. Weeks, J. D. Whitney. 36. MANSFIELD CHORAL UNION, MANSFIELD, MASS. John Rogers, President; Pliny M. Cobb, Secretary and Treasurer; 0. N. Gushee, Librarian; Geobge E. Bailey, Musical Director; Mrs. E. M. Ide, Pianist. Mrs. A. R. Drake, “ F. E. Harding, “ H. B. Hodges, SOPRANO. Mrs. E. M. Ide, Mrs. J. B. Rogerson, “ M. E. Rogers, “ D. C. Turner, “ M. J. Rogers, Miss M. H. Bates, Miss H. F. Lawton, “ A. Scoles, “ C. Webb, Mrs. Carrie Cobb, “ Lizzie Copeland, “ A. Lovell, Miss Carrie Bailey, “ Hattie Bailey, ALTO. Miss Marion Bailey, “ Jennie Turner, Miss Louisa Webb, “ Phoebe Webb. 712 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. G. E. Bailey, Brands Drake, Pliny M. Cobb, E. Copeland, Jr., John Rogers, J. W. Rogers, 0. W. Gushee, H. G. Hodges, TENOR. E W Sweet, Leonard Sweet, BASS. J. E. Paine, Wm. 0. Sweet, C. P. White. E. L. Smith. 37. HOLLISTON CHORAL UNION, HOLLISTON, MASS. 0. M. Bullard, President; Henry W. Parker, Secretary; George Bartlett, Treasurer; George Moody, Librarian; W. L. Payson, Musical Director; Charles D. Blake, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. G. E. Blake, “ O B. Bullard, “ Lizzie Cutler, “ J. S. Ereneh, Mrs. W. L. Payson Miss Jennie F. Hawkes, Miss M. Ella Claflin, . “ Nellie J. Heath, “ M. Louise Daniels, “ Ellen E. Lloyd, “ Susan Y. Fiske, “ Helen M. Marsh, Miss Louise Morse, “ Alice Newton, “ S. A. Staples Mrs. G. A. Bartlett, “ G. E. Bigelow, “ H. C. French, C. D. Blake, 0. B. Bullard, E. Cobh Clafhn, J. W. Allen, Geo. A. Bartlett, Curtis Batchelder, D. H. Clark, ALTO. Mrs. W. A. McCaslin, Miss M. Annie Johnson, Miss Clara E. Newton, “ J. Tower, “ H. Amelia Jones, “ L. W. Sanborn, Miss Emma G. Daniels, 11 Ruth A Lloyd, “ EmmaO.Thompson. TENOR. E. W. Colburn, Geo. IT. Moody, James M. Goodwin, W. L. Payson, J. A. Messinger, BASS. H. Ware Coolidge, E. B. Johnson, Henry C. French, L. F. Leland, J. S. French, W. A. McCaslin, H. W. Parker, Gilbert Rice. Alfred W. Pike, Vincent A. Pluto, Albert Rice. 38. MELROSE MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, MELROSE, MASS. H. E. Trowbridge, President and Musical Director; E. H. Goss, Secretary and Marshal; George Emerson, 2d, Treasurer; D. D. Stratton, Librarian. SOPRANO. Mrs. Elmira A. Emerson, Mrs. Emily E. Hutchings, Miss Clara I. Hudson, Miss Addie L. Lane. “ Sara Emerson, Miss Eliza D. Clark, “ Jennie Kempton, ALTO. Mrs. Elizabeth J. Hart, Mrs. D. S. Woodward, Miss Mary J. McLaughlin, Miss Delia Richardson. “ Sarah E. Stilphen, Miss A. J. Doane, “ Mary E. Nason, TENOR. Nathaniel D. Dearborn, Allen C. Goss, Walter Hicks, Henry E. Trowbridge. Isaac Emerson, Elbridge H. Goss, George Newhall, BASS. George Emerson, Curtis C. Goss, Henry M. Small, Danforth D. Stratton, Henry G. Fields, Charles A. Howe, John M. Small, George Woodward. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 713 39. NORTHFIELD MUSICAL SOCIETY, NORTHFIELD, MASS. J. B. Callender, President; Rev. J. T. Clark, Secretary and Treasurer ; Miss M. A. Field, Librarian, Musical Director, and Pianist. Mrs. E Alexander, “ J. P. Clark, Mrs. A. Lyman, “ F. Wright, J. B. Callender, D. L. Aldrich, W. Chapin, Mrs. R. Minot, “ A. C. Parsons, Miss A. Alexander, J. F. Griswold, D. Colman, Wm. Dwight, SOPRANO. Miss H. Clark, “ A. Field, ALTO. Miss M. Dutton, TENOR. G. Hastings, Jr. BASS. E. Morgan, A. C. Parsons, Miss F. Mattoon. Miss M. Huse. R. Williams. H. Williams, J. Williams. 40. SPRINGFIELD CHORAL UNION, SPRINGFIELD, MASS. S. A. Prince, President; E. Hirst, Vice-President; T. FT. Hewton, Secretary; Mrs. D. J. Hutchins, Musical Director. SOPRANO. Mrs. M. J. D. Hutchins, Mrs. J. C. Taylor, MissDevelin, Miss N. J. Isham, “ T. N. Newton, “ A. Williams, “ A. Hood, “ C. Kingsley. “ G. A. Russell, Miss F. E. Darling; ALTO. Mrs. W. W. Street, Miss A. Needham. TENOR. D. Ames, T. N. Newton S. B. Warner, John Hood, S- A. Prince, BASS. S. A. Dinsmore, W. R. Reed, G. Warner, E. Hirst, J. C. Taylor, R. Weston. A. Williams. 41. MANCHESTER CHORUS CLASS. MANCHESTER, N. H. Alpheus Gay, President; D. C. Gould, Jr., Secretary and Treasurer; J. M. Sanborn, Librarian; E. T. Baldwin, Musical Director; F. W. Bachelder, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. G. F. Adams, “ L. B. Bodwell, “ S J. Brown, “ Arthur J. Haselton. “ Helen M. Jones, u J. W Lathe, “ H. E. Lewis, Mrs.W. D Moody, “ Robert F. Moore, “ S. S. Reynolds, , “ H. M. Richardson, “ G. W. Stevens, “ H. C. Tilton, Miss Helen L. Adams, Miss M. J. Blenus, V Helen F. Cheney, “ Ella F. Darling, “ Marion J. Dodge, “ S. A. Gay, “ Abbie S. Griffin, “ Ida C. Hall, Miss Laura C. Hood, “ Ida W. Knowles, “ Emma F. Mitchell, “ Nellie Pearsons, “ Morgia M. Porter, “ Addie Whritner. 714 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. ALTO. Mrs. Hattie A. Childs, “ J.W. Fellows, “ Frances S. Iluse, “ J. G. Lane, “ M. L. Lawrence, Frederic Allen, R. D. Bagley, E. T. Baldwin, F. W. Batehelder, Geo. F. Adams, David Alden, Lyman F. Colby, Hilas Dickey, Reuben Dodge, Mrs. II D Lord, “ IIE. Newton, “ C. H. Scott, Miss S. F Adams, “ Lizzie A. Bartlett, R. S. Eastman, Alpheus Gay, Clark Hadley, Henry H. Huse, J. D. Jones, Miss S B Batehelder, “ Katie L. Chapin, “ A. M. Choate, “ Marianna Clough, “ Hattie M. Dinsmore Miss Emma Fogg, “ Almira Gould, “ Mattie R. Kidder, “ Martha J. Locke, “ M. A. Mitchell. J. M. Sanborn, H. Tobey, D. C. Wright. M. V. B. Richardson, J. A. V. Smith, J. T. Spofford. TENOR. Chas. B. Bradley, J. B. Bradley, R. C. Dresser, J. U. Farnham, D C. Gould, Jr., Wm. D. Moody, M. 0. Pearsons, S B. Putnam, BASS. John G. Lane, F. S. Little, W. II Newhall, H. E. Newton, Frank T. E. Richardson, 42. NASHUA CHORUS CLASS, NASHUA, N. H. Charles N. Merrill, President; J. P. S. Otterson, Secretary; P. H. Hill, Treasurer; Levi Belcher, Librarian; E. P. Phillips, Musical Director and Marshal; Miss E. Grant, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. T. Baldwin, “ 0. C. Moore, Mies Kate E. Andrews, “ Carrie Barr, “ Eva Barr, “ Clara Blake, Miss Josie Converse, “ Mary E. Cross, “ S. Louise Dunklee, “ Nellie Earle, “ Minnie.J. Estes, “ A. E. Gilbert, Miss Ella M. Gilbert, Miss Lizzie Noyes, “ Frankie Godfrey, “ Ella Porter, “ Eveline Greenwood, “ F. Sargent. “ Nellie S. Jacquith, “ Addie C. KimbaU, “ M. Etta Moore, ALTO. Miss Abbie Bliss, Miss Fannie Eaton, “ S. E. D. Burrill, “ Emily Grant, “ Emeline E. Durgin, “ Lura Hodge, Miss Helen M. Kittredge, Miss E. J. Murgatroyd, Ella M. March, Lizzie Mason, A. H. Otterson, Jennie Thompson. L. C. Farwell, Paris H. Hill, TENOR. J. P. S. Otterson. D. A. Greenwood, C. N. Merrill, E. P. Phillips, Levi L. Belcher, Geo. W. Fox, BASS. W. P. Hussey, John S. Daniels, W. Greene, J. K. Priest, David Stevens, M. Taylor. D. A. Reed, Geo. E. Wheat. 43. NORTH ABINGTON CHORAL SOCIETY, NORTH ABINGTON, MASS t John Ford, President; E. H. Denham, Secretary; C. Stetson, Treasurer; E. Brown, Librarian; J. F. L. Whitmarsh, Musical Director; D. Blanchard, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Geo noun, Mrs. Wm. Tribou, Miss Sarah Bullock, Miss M. V. Whitmarsh. “ Mary S. Prince, Miss Alice M. Beal, ‘ Lura Ford, GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 715 Miss Francella Dodge, ALTO. Miss Ella Everson, Miss Ella A. Whitmarsh. E. E. Brown, TENOR. B. W. Shaw, J. F. L. Whitmarsh. Alvan Bates, Dean Blanchard BASS. E. H. Denham, D. F. Powers, John Ford, H. N. Shaw, Edward Wales, W. S. Wales. 44. SOUTH BRAINTREE CHORAL SOCIETY, BRAINTREE, MASS. Joseph Porter, President; S. Deering, Vice-President ; J. W. Holbrook, Secretary ; S. W. Hollis, Treasurer ; Hiram Wilde, Musical Director ; A. Morrison, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs.E. W. Babcock, Mrs. Elias Hayward, Mrs. B. Stevens, Miss M. L. French, “ Berry, “ F. A. Hobart, “ E. F. E Thayer, “ Delia Niles, “ J.E. Crane, “ J. E. Holbrook, “ Wright, “ M. A. Stuart, “ H. Daggett, “ T. W. Holbrook , Miss Annie Arnold, “ Alice Thayer, “ C. H. Dow, “ W. Mansfield, “ S. Arnold, “ E. W. Thayer, “ S. F. Dyer, “ J. H. Robinson, , “ M. Daggett, “ S. W. Wilde, “ C. C. Gregg, “ S. F. Robinson, “ Annie French, “ Sarah Wright. “ B H. Groce, “ E. M. Sanborn, “ Mary French, “ F. Gomez, “ H. W. Simonds, “ M. E. French, ALTO. Mrs. H. N. Arnold, Mrs. R. Porter, Mrs. C. B. Woodsum, Miss Jennie Hobart, “ E. A. Belcher, “ J. F. Porter, Miss Sarah Allen, “ Mary Niles. “ D. A. Brooks, “ Geo. Read, “ Abbie Arnold, “ A. M. Penniman. “ Maria Dean, “ W. M. Richards , “ Ida Bates, “ S. L Porter, “ T. H. Dearing, “ J. Shaw, “ A. D. Belcher, “ Harriet Pratt, “ J. M French, “ J. T. Stevens, “ M. Crooker, “ A. L. Putman, “ Minot Hunt, “ R. N. Stuart, “ G. Daggett, “ P. A. Sherman, “ J. Jenkins, “ C. Thayer, “ M. A. Doarty, “ A. A. Stevens, “ L. D. Morrison, “ R. A. Thayer, “ Sarah Dunham, “ A. L. Thayer, ‘‘ N. Penniman, “ Sarah Tirrell, “ B. F.Dyer, ‘‘ C. E. Thayer. TENOR. Abijah Allen, J. M. French, C. W. Mansfield, N. R. Proctor, A. Chace, B. H. Groce, A. W. Packard, • H. W. Simonds, H. Daggett, C. C. Gregg, R. Payne, G. N. Spear. T. Daniels, C. L. Hayden, J. Penniman, T. Desmond, F. W. Holbrook, M. A. Perkins, BASS. Frank Allen, F. C. Cushing, F H. Morse, W. M. Richards, B. V. Arnold, T. H. Deering, 0. H. P. Niles, J.T. Stevens, F. Arnold, A. R. French, A. W. Penniman, A D. Stuart, J. A. Arnold, Louis Gomez, N. W. Penniman, Calvin Thayer, J. R. Arnold, C. D. Hayden W. R. Penniman, J. W. Thayer, R. F. Arnold, N. F. T Hayden, J. F. Porter, J. Underhay H. Babcock, J. E. Holbrook, R. Porter, T Wales, E. A. Belcher, G. II. Howard, N. Pratt, J. W. White, J. T. Bestick, M. Hunt, R. T. Pratt, G. D. Whittaker, J. B. Burt, J. Jenkins, Q. F. Reed, G. D. Willis, J. P. Comstock, S. A. T. Mansfield, Geo.Reed, C. B. Woodsum, J. E. Crane, E. F Monk, W. H. Reed, R. Woodsum. 716 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 45. EAST SOMERVILLE CHORAL SOCIETY, SOMERVILLE, MASS. S. D. Hadley, President and Musical Director; C. H. W. "Wood, Secretary; C. B. Morton, Treasurer; Charles Brackett, Librarian; S. H. 0. Hadley, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Annie Brackett, Miss Mary Adams, “ Emma Atwood, Miss Abbie Bray, “ Mary Coffin, “ Adah Cole, Miss Ella Hardy, “ Mary Hardy, “ Amelia Hatch, Miss Laura J. Prescott. “ Nellie S. Titus. ALTO. Mrs. Mary W. Wood, Miss Maggie Atwood, Miss Mary Hadley. “ Ella Prescott, , Miss Flora Prescott, Miss Clara Taylor. TENOR. Geo. E. Alden, William Croswell, Geo. Hale. C. E. Morton, Chas. B. Morton. BASS. Chas. Brackett, Chas. Cutter, S. D. Hadley, S. H. 0. Hadley, E. J. Hamblin, John Wild, C. H. W. Wood. 46. UNION CHORUS AND GLEE CLUB, WOLFBORO’, N. H. Jacob Hanson, President; D. E. Whitten, Secretary; J. L. Atjry, Treasurer; J. B. Haines, Librarian; M. T. Cate, Musical Director; Ida Durgin, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Eliza A. Nudd, Mrs. Nettie A. Whitton, Miss Hattie Horn, Miss Emma J. Smith, “ Ella M. Parker, Miss AbbieHelenHersey, “ EUaL. Piper, “ Annie L. Wood. “ Mary F. Peavy, ALTO. Mrs. Caroline F. Durgin, Mrs. Ernny Varney, Miss Emily Hersey, Miss Katie R. Wood. “ Olivia M. Hersey, Miss Ida Durgin, M. T. Cate, Jacob Hanson, Jos. L. Avery, Geo. H Cate, G. B. Clark, TENOR. Chas F Parker, Jasper H. Warren, D. Edwin Whitton. Rev. Leander Thompson, BASS. J B. Haines, Chas. H. Nudd, John L. Peavy, Chas H. Hodgdon, Joseph H. Nudd, Samuel Reynolds. Henry A. Horn, 47. SHERBORN MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, SHERBORN, MASS. G. W. Dennet, President; A. H. Blanchard, Secretary; Frederick Cushing, Treasurer; E. M. Bickford, Librarian; Augustus H. Leland, Musical Director; Miss Isabella K. Cushing, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. A, Blanchard, Mrs. Lizzie Grout, Miss Ellen L. Barton, Miss E. Jennie Sanford. “ R. G Everett, “ Abbie M. Taber, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 717 ALTO. Mrs. Maria Howe, Miss Carrie I. Bullard, Miss Isabella B. Cushing, Miss Mary C. Everett. “ Sarah E. Sanford, “ Mary A. Coolidge, 0 TENOR. Frederic W. Cushing, A. A. Forbes, William P. Green, Augustus H. Leland. BASS. Elbridge M. Bickford, George W. Dennett, Frank E. Hooker, Henry Howe. Albert H. Blanchard, Ira B. Forbes, 48. PAWTUCKET CHORAL SOCIETY, PAWTUCKET, R. I. JohnF. Adams, President; Charles 0. Read, Secretary and Treasurer; Edwin Clapp, Librarian; George W. Hazelwood, Musical Director; Charles H. Bradley, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Wm. K. Barivard, Miss Maria C. Cooke, Miss Drusilla Payne, “ H. L. Edmunds, “ Jennie Gilmore, “ Mattie Tracy, “ P. E. Tillinghast, “ Carrie Mumford, ALTO. Mrs. Sue D. Stiruss, Miss Jennie Justin, Miss Addie Smith, Miss Fannie Arnold, “ Mattie Marvin, “ Esther Walker, Miss Charlotte Walker, “ Mary White. Miss Josie Wilmarth. TENOR. Lyman B. Goff, J. U. Starkweather, John F. Adams, Theo. A. Allen, Chas. H. Bradley, Henry Clark, Wm. W. Flint, Edwin Clapp, H. L. Edmunds, D. L. Goff, Edwin W. Gould, BASS. C. B. Pearse, C. J. Pullen, P. E. Tillinghast. Chas. 0. Read, A. C. White. 49. FRANCESTOWN CHORAL SOCIETY, FRANCESTOWN, N. H. I W. A. Richards, President; Dr. C. F. Fitts, Secretary; D. P. Bixby, Treas¬ urer; E. W. Colburn, Librarian; G. D. Epps, Musical Director ; Mr. Mor¬ gan, Pianist. Mrs. J. Mansfield, Miss S. A. Bryant, C. E. Forsyth, Mrs L S. Colburn, “ M. T. Downes, SOPRANO. Miss A. P. Hall, Miss Abbie E. Marden, Miss Clara P. Woods, “ M. C. Lovejoy, “ H B- Woodbury, “ J. S. Woods. ALTO. Miss A. B. Baldwin, Miss E. F. Gage, Miss M. Morgan. “ A. E. Duncan, “ J. M. Marden, A Baldwin, P. W. Bunker, J. T. Bixby, J F Clark, TENOR. G. E. Downes, J. F. Fitts, G. E. Yose. G. D. Epps, J. Mansfield, BASS. W. Colburn, 0. N. Holt, Wm. A. Richards, W. E. Downes, E A. Parmenter, S. E. Stevens. 718 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 50. UNION MUSICAL SOCIETY, NORTH BRIDGEWATER, MASS. C. R. Ford, President; F. A. Thayer, Secretary and Treasurer ; Jesse Billings, Librarian; Dr. G. R. Whitney. Musical Director ; Mrs. E. M. Sewall and Ziba C. Keith. Pianists. SOPRANO. Mrs. Jane Bancroft, Mrs. Louisa Sylvester, Miss Ella A. Freeman, Miss Hattie Munsell, “ J. 0. Battles, “ C. A. Tolman, “ Belle Howard, (( Jennie Parish, “ E. E. Dean, “ Lizzie G. Wilde, “ Delia Howard, <( Agnes S Parker, “ M. L. Hayden, “ Clara E. Wade, “ Julia M. Howard, (( Maggie Reiley, “ E W Holmes, “ H. M Washburn, “ Betsey A. Jackson, (( Ellen M. Sewall, “ N Capen Howard, Miss Annie J. Austin, “ Francis M. Jernegan, “ Isabel L. Snow, “ L M. King, “ Louisa R. Bailey, “ Katie M. Jones, U Josie W Snow, “ C. J. F. Packard, “ Lizzie F. Battles, “ Lizzie Keith, (( Mary E. Tuck, “ S. E. Parker, ‘ 1 Hattie G. Carey, “ Fannie A Lawton, (t Ella E. Washburn “ 0. 0. Patten, “ Mattie M. Copeland “ Emma G. Maxey, “ C. F. Porter, “ Mary Dimond, “ Mary Moor, “ Wm. Snell, “ Abbie F. Dunham, “ Flora Mowrey, ALTO. Mrs.M D. Barrell, Mrs. S. W. Hancock, Miss Dorcas Field, Miss Sarah Perry, “ B. F. Battles, Miss Mary A. Alden, “ Hannah Glover, “ F. L. Peterson, “ Herbert Cobb, “ Abbie Barrell, “ Julia Hayward, u Emma Reynolds, “ M. B. Copeland, “ Justina Battles, “ Lora S. Hayward, a Zilphia Reynold, “ Jas. L. Grew, * “ Lucy Copeland, “ Belle Holmes, n Mary Sturtevant, “ Joshua V. Gurney “ Augusta Dunham, “ Mary W. Lyon, “ Alice Whiting. TENOR. G.W. Allen, C. H. Dunham, Jr., Thomas J. Gurney, M. Z. McCann, J. S. Allen, E. B. Fanning, Fred. E Holmes, S.F. Packard, Herbert Billings, Wm. H. Faxon, Edwin Howard, H. G. Philips, Jesse Billings, J. W. Foye, Linus Howard, J. W. Richards, Geo. Churchill, Josephus L. Freeman, L. Keith, F. A. Thayer, Arthur Dimond, Seth L. French, Ziba C. Keith, A. C. Thompson, B. F. Dunham, James L. Grew, A. W. King, G R. Thompson. BASS. Lucus W. Alden, Charles W. Gardner, Sami. McLauthlin, Eben. Sumner, Robert Armstrong, Lucius Gurney, H. F Nash, Rufus L. Thatcher, C. S. Benson, B. B. Hayward, Wm O’Neill, W E. Tilden, W. C. Capen, S. A. Hayward, T. D. Norton, J F Tolbot, Geo. C. Carey, S. A Holbrook, Henry B. Packard, Geo. Warren, Otis Cobb, A. B. Holmes, G. E. Parker, J. M. Washburn, C H. Cole, Ellis Holmes, C. F Porter, G. R. Whitney. Geo. M. Copeland, M. F. James, L. M. Reynolds, Michael Fitz, A. B. Keith, E. E. Richards, C.R. Ford, G. M. Keith, G. E. Russell, 51. READING MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, READING, MASS. D. G. Richardson, President; D. Kendall, Vice-President; W. H. Perkins, Secretary; S. M. Pratt, Treasurer ; Mrs. Bancroft, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Ellen M. Bancroft, Mrs. Clara M. Jones, Mrs. Sarah E. Sanborn, Miss Lucia Kingman, “ Hattie A. Bancroft, “ Rosamond C. Pratt, Miss Flora A. Buxton, “ Nellie A. Knight, “ Adeline D. Brown, “ Henrietta Reed, “ Maria Delano, “ Fannie Shaw, “ Ellen Cleaves, “ Helen E. Sanborn, “ Nellie A. Hunt, “ Alice Temple. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 719 ALTO. Mrs Sarah F. Danforth, Mrs. Margaret C. Scott, Miss Rosa Brooks, “ EdnaS Parker, “ Sarah J. Sweetser, “ Sarah Butler, “ H. E. Richardson, TENOR. Francis F. Brown, George W. Carleton, James Parker, William Butler, Edmund Legro, Silas Richardson, Charles A. Bessey, Seth Bessey, Charles H. Danforth, Eliab C. Jones, Galen A. Parker, Gilman L. Parker, BASS. Walter H. Perkins, Stillman M. Pratt, David G. Richardson, Miss Laura Gleason, “ Christina Zappie. Hiram A. Spear, Roswell N Temple. W. Stimpson Richardson, Samuel T. Sweetser, R. Dexter Temple. 52. LACONIA MUSICAL SOCIETY, LACONIA, N. H W. N. Blair, President; R. H. Carter, Secretary, Treasurer, and Librarian; Ralph M. Merrill, Musical Director; Mrs. E. A. Hibbard, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. W. N. Blair, Mrs. F W. Reeves, Miss L. W. Pitman, Miss Ida L. Semple, “ F H. Champlin, “ C. M. Rolfe, “ Josie Richardson, “ H. M. Whipple. “ L. C. Nudd, Miss Ella J. Blaisdell, Mrs H. Blaisdell, “ E. A. Hibbard, “ G. W. Weeks, J. S. Hunkins, R. M. Merrill, ALTO. Mrs. L. D. Young, Miss Abbie A. Cook, Miss E. A. Cole, “ Julia A. French, TENOR. I. B. Pulsifer, H. F. Rublee, S B. Pulsifet, T. Sands, Miss Josie Hamilton, “ Bell F. Rawlett. L. D. Young. G. W. Bell, E. B. Beman, W. N. Blair, BASS. R. H. Carter, A. L. Davis, F. H. Champlin, J. F. Merrill, L. C. Nudd, J. F. Shepherd. 53. ROSSINI CLUB, DAMARISCOTTA, ME. Rev. J. J. Bulfinch, President; E. W. Dunbar, Secretary; A. G. Hustin, Treasurer; N. H. Hussey, Librarian; G. M. Thurlow, Musical Director; Mrs. W. D. Webb.. Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. John Borland, Mrs. H. W. Metcalfe, Miss Lizzie Huston, “ W Hall, Miss Annie G. Barstow, “ A. F. Metcalfe, “ H. N. Melcher„ “ Nettie S. Hussey, Miss E. D. Thurlow, “ Luella M. Winslow. Mrs. E. W. Dunbar, “ Louise A. Evans, “ Alden Flye, J. J. Bulfinch, N. J. Clapp, ALTO. Mrs. Alvan Hussey, Mrs. W D. Webb, Miss Belle Chapman, “ L. J. Stanwobd, “ Edward Wilkinson, “ Lizzie B. Cotter. Warren R. Evans, TENOR. Albert Richardson, Newell Winslow. C. F. Packard, G. M. Thurlow, E. W. Dunbar, N. II. Hussey, A. G Huston, Samuel Knowlton, BASS. J. Merriam, J H. Stanwood. 720 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. 54. FARMINGTON CHORAL SOCIETY, FARMINGTON, ME. C. A. Allen, President and Musical Director; J. T. Gat, Secretary and Treas¬ urer ; Mrs. J. F. Woods, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Ann S. Craig, Mrs. S. W Haskell, Miss Julia H. May, Miss Abby R. Wyman. “ J. S. H. Fairbanks, “ H N. Jones, “ Flora Mitchell, • Mrs. C. A. Allen, “ T. W. Bean, ALTO. Mrs. Phillips, Mrs. J. F. Woods, Miss C. B. Hunter, G P. B. Woods, Miss Abbie C. Goodrich, 11 LizzieM.Macomber, J. T. Gay, J. M. S. Hunter, C. A. Allen, Robert McClury, I. S. Jacobs, R. R Norton, D W. Pratt, TENOR. Wm. Lancaster, BASS. A. D. Russell, M. P. Smith, J. C. Tarbox. John F. Woods. 55. BELMONT MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, BELMONT, MASS. F. E. Yates, President; G. Y. Fletcher, Vice-President and Marshal; E. E. Adams, Secretary and Treasurer; T. A. Estabrook, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. F. E. Tates, Miss Carrie M. Chenery, “ Emma T. Chenery, “ Hattie L. Chenery, Mrs Geo. Y. Fletcher, “ A. L. Grimes, “ Mary F. W. Homer “ A. R. Proctor,. Miss Mary L. Chenery, “ Ida F. Fletcher, “ Susie T. Frost, Miss Emma R. Hill, “ Ruth B. Holt, “ Cynthia E. Marsh, Miss Lizzie L. Proctor, “ Annie L. Wellington, “ Addie N. Winn. Miss Kate Howard, “ Louise Howard, “ Mary A. Kendall, ALTO. Mrs. Mary H. Teele, Miss Olive Clark, Miss Harriet A. Adams, “ L. Millie Heustis,' , “ S. P. Chandler, “ Ella E. Hill, “ Maria F. Chenery, TENOR. Edward E. Adams, Jonathan Bigelow, Geo. Y. Fletcher, J. Willard Hill. BASS. Wm. B. Bothamly, J. Henry Fletcher, Isaac Watts, Francis E. Tates. Theodore A. Estabrook, F. K. Simonds, 56. ACUSHNET MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, ACUSHNET, MASS. Thomas Hersom, President; Lewis H. Pratt, Secretary; George Morse, Treasurer; Ammi Howard, Musical Director; Lizzie Cragie, Pianist; Thomas Hersom, Marshal. SOPRANO. Mrs. Thomas ft! Hawes, Mrs. Thomas W. Peirce, Miss Emily A. Brownell, Miss Carrie D. Manter, “ George P. Morse, “ Henry E. Warren, “ Mary 0. Green, “ Lucy A. Manter. ALTO. Mrs. Thomas' Hersom, Mrs Lewis H. Pratt, Miss Lizzie Cragie, Miss Paulenah C. Wilson, GEEAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 721 Albert F Chase, Thomas Hersom, Edward Chase, Thomas R. Hawes, TENOR. A mini Howard, Thomas W. Peirce, George T. Russell, Jr. John Manter, Jr., BASS. George P. Morse, Lewis H. Pratt, Benjamin Wilson, Jr. Samuel B. Peirce, 57. LEOMINSTER MUSICAL SOCIETY, LEOMINSTER, MASS. C. A. Chase, President; E. F. Pierce, Secretary and Treasurer; J. W. Far- well, Librarian; E. H. Bailey, Musical Director; Miss Addie Colburn, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. J. A. Collins, “ Fannie Crosby, “ Mary Daymon, “ Julia Gibson, Mrs. Lizzie Kenney, “ E. W. Swett, Miss Lizzie Fessenden, “ Jennie Gould, Miss Anna Gray, “ Abbie Howe, “ Fannie Howe, “ Clara Joslin, Miss Mattie Joslin, “ Mary Longley, “ Dolhe Prescott, “ Orisa Taylor. ALTO. Mrs. G. A. Allen, Miss Alice Bixby, “ Christina Chase, J. F. Chaffin, C. A. Chase, J. W. Farwell, Miss Abbie Colburn, “ Nellie Crosby, “ Etta Miller, Miss Jennie Miller, “ Sadie Morse, “ Anna Parker, TENOR. Jos. Hale, Geo. Parker, J. N. H. Lawrence, E. F. Pierce, J. R. Murdock, Miss Abbie Pitts, “ Emma Whitney. S. L. White, G. Wilder. L. Andrews, E. H. Bailey, A. Cook, E. Farwell, H. G. Hooker, Wm. Howland, M. C. Kenney, BASS. Jennison May, D. W. Morton, Charles Parkhurst, H. T. Thurston, A. H. Walker, R. L. Wilder. 58. SALMON FALLS CHORAL SOCIETY, SALMON FALLS, N. H. William P. Brooks, President; A. H. Crane, Secretary; Edward Hayman, Treasurer; Nathan Hill, Librarian; George W. Brookings, Musical Di¬ rector ; M. G. Thompson, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs G W Brookings, Miss Lizzie Joy, Miss Abbie F. Morton, Miss M. L. Wentworth, “ Geo Yeaton, Miss Mary McDaniels, “ Katie J. Flynn, “ Hannah J Keayes, “ Ella E. Knowlton, “ Martha Plumer, “ Lillie E. Russell, “ Nellie Whitehead, “ Cressy Wyman. ALTO. Mrs. M. E. Dodge, “ A. M. Wood, Miss L A. Fernald, Miss E F Goodwin, “ Jennie Jameson, Miss Lizzie Neally, “ M. J. Neally, Miss Lizzie Morton, “ May Tompson. TENOR. S D Bassett, Geo. Gile, Nathan Hill, George E. Joy, 0 W Scott. 722 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Geo. W. Brookings, ffm. P. Brooks, Leonard Colcord, BASS. A. H. Crane, G. S. Goodwin, Sylvanus Hayward, Wm. Keays, Ed. B. Pike, James A. Place, Henry M. Plumer, C. F. Pray, T. S. Robie. 59. EXETER MUSICAL SOCIETY, EXETER, N. H. Rev. J. W. Chickering, Jr., President and Musical Director; Dr. C. H. Gerrish, Secretary ; W. W. Hobbs, Treasurer; J. W. Gale, Librarian; T. W. Moses, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Charles Conner, “ F M. Davis, “ J. G. Getchell, “ Chas. Grant, “ Wm. N. Hobbs, Mrs. S. B. Cummings, “ G. 0. Dearborn, “ W. N. Hobbs, Mrs. M. E Packard, “ Charles Rogers, “ Geo. G. Smith, “ John Smith, Mrs. Alva Wood, Miss Abbie Bliss, “ L S Dame, “ M. F. Emery, ALTO. Mrs. S. B. Lawrence, Miss E. S. Folsom, “ S. A. Locke, “ A. E. Mclntre, “ J. W. Moulton, “ E. E. Mitchell, Geo. L. CiUey, F. M. Davis, TENOR. Sperry French, G. W. Hardy, J. W. Gale, J. 0. Heald, John Avery, T. W. Baldwin, C. U. Bell, J. W. Chickering, Jr., J. Al. Clarke, G. 0. Dearborn, J. H. Folsom, C. H. Gerrish, BASS. A. L. Goodrich, Wm. N. Hobbs, G. W. E Mitchell, E. R. Piper, Miss Emma Mitchell, “ Carrie Otis, “ A. A. Smith, “ M. E. Smith. Miss Susie Rowe, “ E. J. Rundlett, Mr. C. W. Stone. M. S. Holmes, C. W. Partridge. J. W. Rollins, B. B. Thompson, Alva Wood. 60. FRAMINGHAM CHORAL CLUB, FRAMINGHAM, MASS. S. F. Prentice, President; J. W. Clark, Jr., Secretary and Treasurer; L. 0. Emerson, Musical Director ; W. F. Hurd, Librarian and Pianist. Mrs. Benson, “ M. A. Blood, “ L. 0 Emerson, “ A. R. Esty, SOPRANO. Mrs. T. C. Hurd, “ C. W. Kennard, “ H. F. Sheppard, Miss Martha Bullard, Miss Mary Emerson, Miss Anna Leland, “ Sarah N. Fawcett, “ A. M. Roberts, “ Alice Hewell, “ H. J. Shaw. “ Ginevra L. Hewell, ALTO. Mrs. F. B. Gaines, “ H. G. Spaulding, Miss Maria K. Brown, Miss Mary B. Brown, “ Emily J Clark, “ Hattie Cooledge, Miss Luella Emerson, “ Lizzie B Hastings, Miss Blanche T. Hewell, “ Helen M. Phipps, J. W Clark, Jr., Edward Hemenway, Z. B Adams, Willard E Clark, Frank Hemenway, C. A. Hemenway, Dr. Dennett, Frank B. Gaines, TENOR. W F. Hurd, S. F. Prentice, BASS. Theo. C. Hurd, Frank Sanger, H. G. Spaulding. H. F. Sheppard, Geo. Trowbridge. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 723 61. DOVER CHORAL UNION. DOVER, N. H. W. 0. Perkins, President and Director; J. S. Hayes, Secretary; Dr. T. J. "W. Pray, Treasurer ; Harrison Haley Librarian; L. P. Whitney, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs.J H Blaisdell, Mrs L. P. Whitney, Miss Mary Ellen Hayes Miss Alice M. Sawyer, “ E T Brigham, “ J. H. Winslow, “ Emily Hersey, “ Mattie Sawyer, “ John Chamberlin, Miss Annie Bickford, “ Adelaide S. Hill, “ Julia A. Sayward, “ John Colbath, “ Ada Bond, 11 Ann Hill, “ Mary Smith, “ S W. Farnham, “ Josephine Briggs, “ E. W. Hill, “ MaryS. Smith, “ E. J. Freeman, “ Kate C. Briggs, “ Maggie L. Hill, “ M. Virginia Smith, “ John E. Goodwin, “ Josephine Brown, “ Emma M. Horne, “ Emma S. Spurling, “ G. A. Haley, “ Lizzie Brown, “ Annie Kingman, “ Julia Staples, “ H. Haley, “ Nellie E. Brown, “ Ella Kingman, “ Amanda J. Taylor, “ J G. HaU, u Carrie E Buzzell, “ Abbie F. Lane, “ Bell Thompson, “ Chas. F Ham, “ S. Lizzie Chesley, “ Ella D. Libbey, “ Fannie T. Wallace, “ J S. F. Ham, “ M J. Cilley, “ Abbie Mathes, “ Mary Wallingford, “ N. E. Hanson, “ Amanda Crockett, “ B. B. Merritt, “ Annie Warren, “ John S. Hayes, “ Lizzie 0 Davis, “ Kate Mooney, “ Bell Warren, “ Jas. E Lothrop, “ Martha J. DeMerritt, “ A. F. Moulton, “ Carrie M. Warren, “ Geo. H. Peirce, “ Emily N. Duxhury, 11 Florence Moulton “ A. E. Watson, “ Geo. B. Prescott, “ Emma Estabrook, “ Marie H. Nealley, “ Mary R. Welch, “ John H. Randall, “ Mary M. Estes, 11 Laura Packard, “ Alice F. Wiggin, “ G. F. Rollins, “ Mary Everleth, “ Lizzie Parks, “ Annie M. Willey, “ Ellen F. Scales, “ Nellie Fenner, “ Ida F. Peirce, “ Carrie Williams, “ Henry Sayward, “ Mary 0. Folsom, “ Carrie Perkins, “ Augusta Winslow, “ Thos. S Smith, “ Katie Furber, “ Mary Piermont, “ Mary Wyatt, “ E. Thompson, “ Fannie E. Hanson, “ Eliza A. Pinkham “ Addie York, “ Geo. B. Wentworth , “ MargaretM. Hardy “ L. Ricker, “ Nellie Young, “ S. M Wheeler, ALTO. Mrs. Chas. E. Bacon, Mrs. Henry Prindel, Miss Carrie E. Gray, Miss Nellie A. Smith, “ W W Dow, “ Mary L. Rust, “ Mattie A. Matthews, “ Martha Thompson, “ C E. Everett, “ S. M. Wheeler, “ Rosenia Morrill, “ Emma Thomson, “ J. B. Folsom, “ C. W. Wiggin, “ Mary S. Piper, “ Harriet Thomson, “ C W. Greenleaf, Miss Sarah M. Dow, “ Sarah B. Piper, “ Minnie G.Wadleigh “ B. F. Nealley, “ S. B. Gilman, “ Lottie E. Pray, “ Hannah E. Wyatt. TENOR. Charles 0. Baker, Clarendon Everett, Chas. F. Ham, W. L. Sprague, A B Blair, L. Theodore Everett, John S. Hayes, P. A. Stackpole, Geo. W Boody, E. 0. Foss, T. L. Hoitt, Joseph P Swasey, A. M. Canney, Geo. S. Gilman, Samuel Hull, Geo. W. Thompson, 0 G. Cilley, Albert Gleason, Henry Perkins, W H. Townsend, Geo. W. Colbath, Harrison Haley, John W. Pray, Calvin Wallingford, Joseph Drew, S. A. Haley, Philander Roberts, 0. A. Wiggin. BASS. Benjamin Barnes, Charles C. Door, J. M. Haynes, T J. W. Pray, William C. Barrows, John J. Duxbury, James A. Horne, A.F Seavey, Henry H Beede, M. M. Estabrook, W. L. Horne, C. S Stackpole, Ellery Bennett, Charles E. Everett, John B. Hull, E. M. Swan, J. H Blaisdell, J L. Goodwin, James E. Lothrop, Chas. H. Trickey, John Bracewell, Everett Hall, Edmund Madigan, M. V B. Wentworth, Jonathan Bradley, D. Ham, D Melvin Mooney, Jas. H Wheeler, . E T. Brigham, J. S. F Ham, B. F. Nealley, L. P. Whitney, John A Chamberlin, C. W Hayes, J. E. Perkins, C. F. Willey, Almond J Clark, G W Hayes, 2d, W. 0. Perkins, Frank B. Williams. Daniel H. Deland, L D C. Hayes, 724 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. 62. OAKDALE CHORAL SOCIETY, STERLING, MASS. Jon. Sawyer, President; Birney Mann, Secretary, Musical Director, and Mar¬ shal ; J. Q. Reed, Treasurer; Geo. Keyes, Librarian; Frank Copeland, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. P. D. Lord, Mrs. E. P. Winn, Miss Mary Keyes, Miss Nellie A. Willard, “ Luke Nichols, Miss Emma F. Davis, “ Nellie M. Reed, ALTO. Mrs. F. Goss, Miss F. Lizzie Flagg, Miss S. E. Sawyer, “ Warren Wilder, TENOR. Jonathan Sawyer, BASS. Frank Copeland, Geo. Keyes, Birney Mann, Miss Louise M. Woods. Luke Sawyer. J. Q. Reed. 63. RUTLAND COUNTY CHORAL SOCIETY. RUTLAND, VT. Francis A. Fisher, President; E. N. Merriam, Vice-President; W. D. Good- now, Secretary; A. H. Cobb, Treasurer; George Q. Day, Librarian; R. I. Humphrey, Musical Director; I. B. Hathaway, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. B. G. Rice, Miss Mary Campbell, “ Emma S. Cook, “ Ella B. Emerson. “ Hattie A. Fish, Mrs. W. H. Palmer, “ B. C. Sparhawk. Miss Mary J. Gilmore, “ Helen C. Harris, “ Mandana Hyde, “ Mary E. Johnson. ALTO. Miss Ella Brown, Miss Mary E. Nye, “ Annie C. Robinson. “ Minnie A. Scofield, “ Mary E. Slason. TENOR. J. J. Joslin, E. N. Merriam Mrs. Geo. W. Beaman, “ D. C. Billings, “ M.-A. Bourne, “ H. L. Cheney, “ W. C. Dunton, Mrs. W. D. Goodnow, “ I. B. Hathaway, Geo. Q. Day, M. C. Edson, George Besse, Nelson Brown, John H. Chatterton, A H. Cobb, John Cook, Wm. D. Goodnow, J. B. Hilliard, 0. W. Currier, F. A. Fisher, Wm. R. Gilmore, J. Dunham Green, I. B. Hathaway, BASS. R. J. Humphrey, I. R. Johnson, Geo. H. Palmer, W. H. Palmer, Miss Susie A. Hammond. Rev. I. Milton Peck, I. E. Walker. P. W. Perry, C. C. Pierce, Geo. D. Wheaton, S. D. Winslow. 64. SUNCOOK CHORUS ASSOCIATION, SUNCOOK, N. H. C. B. Hildreth, President; E. B. Gould, Secretary ; R. K. Gilbert, Treasurer; H. H. Jones, Librarian; J. C. Cram, Musical Director; Mrs. M. Osgood, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Mary Head, Mrs. Mary A. Rose, Miss Rose M. Cram, Miss Alice C. Potter, “ Nellie Osgood, Miss Flora J Cram, “ Augusta Doe, “ Elsie Sargent. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 725 ALTO. Mrs Anna Gault, Mrs. Emma Osgood, Miss Ella Doe, “ Hattie M. Jones, “ Susan Weeks, “ Frances George, Miss Abbie Knox, “ Martha F. Prescott John F. Bartlett, -Collins, Jonathan Batchelder, J B. Cram, TENOR. Charles Emery, Richard K. Gilbert, BASS. J. C Cram, Clifton B. Hildreth, Levi R. Leavitt, Edwin B Gould, Henry H. Jones, Frank Upton, Addison N. Osgood, Frank Putnam. Gilford Upton. 65. WINCHESTER CHORAL ASSOCIATION, WINCHESTER, MASS. Henry B. Metcalf, President; D. N. Kimball, Secretary; Stephen H. Cutter, Treasurer and Librarian; J. C. Johnson, Musical Director; Mrs. P. Adams, Jr., Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. S J Bronson, Mrs. A. E. Rowe, Miss E. Chapin, Miss M. A Johnson, “ S. H. Cutter, “ A. Whiting, “ L. M. Church, “ L. J. Sanderson, “ S. Elliot, “ F. Winsor, “ A. P. Clark, “ E. Tilton, “ B F Ham, Miss K. Burnham, “ E. A. Dunbar, “ A. Warren, “ E. H. Rice, “ A. E. Buxton , “ C. Garnsey, “ A. M Whitney. ALTO. Mrs Paul Adams, Mrs. M Buxton, Mrs. J. C. Johnson, Mrs. N. Nichols, “ PH. Batchelder •, “ 0. S. Dunbar. , “ D. W. Kimball, “ E. F. Whitney. “ I Bronson. TENOR. H Dunbar, S. F. Ham, H. B. Metcalf, D. H. Pratt, S. Elliot, I. C. Johnson, T. Norman, P. Warren. BASS. Rev S J. Bronson, D. W. Kimball, B. W. Redfem, J. Ross, C P. Curtis, J. Mackintire, E. H. Rice, A. E. Rowe. B F. Ham, Geo E Nichols, H. Rice, 66. WHITINSVILLE CHORAL UNION, WHITINSVILLE, MASS. 0. B. Moulton, President; William Foster, Secretary ,• C. F. Baker, Treas- urer ; Henry Butler, Librarian; B. L. M. Smith, Musical Director and Marshal; F. P. Bly, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Albert Andrew, Mrs Henry Warfield, Miss Clara S Crane, Miss Jennie Taft. “ Sullivan Cook.. ALTO. Mrs. B L M Smith, Miss Hattie E. Clark. TENOR. Albert Andrew, Sullivan Cook, Barnard Develin, Henry Cook, BASS. 0. B. Moulton, B L. M. Smith. 726 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 67. WEBSTER CHORAL SOCIETY. WEBSTER, MASS. J. Hetherington, Jr., President; L. D. Waters, Secretary; A. J.i Waters, Treasurer; S. Wyley, Librarian; Gustave Krebs, Musical Director; Carl Krebs, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. J. Hetherington, “ E. P. Morton, Mrs. H. Shumway, Miss Helen Lamed, Miss Irene Watkins. ALTO. Mrs R. K. Waters, Miss Emma Allen, Miss Clara L. Freeman, Miss Eliza Sheldon, “ Fannie Phipps, “ Emily Shumway, Miss Martha Shumway. George Linley, Carlo May, " TENOR. A. A. Mum ford, Emory F. Smith, L. D. Waters. John Hetherington, Jr. Warren Johnson, BASS. E. P. Morton, R. K. Waters, A. J. Waters, Samuel Wiley. 68. ASHLAND CHORUS CLASS, ASHLAND, MASS. Rev. M. M. Cutter, President; P. Emerson, Secretary; B. H. Hartshorn, Treasurer; E. A. Forbush, Jr., Librarian; C. V. Mason, Musical Director; W. H. Seaver, Pianist. SOPRANO, Mrs. E. A. Aldrich, Mrs. Abner Greenwood, Mrs. D M. Tilton, Miss Lillie Forbush, “ A. A. Coburn, “ Ezra Morse, Miss Emma Barrett, “ Annie Hanson, “ S. A. Cole, “ W. H. Seaver , “ Nellie Cole, “ Ella West. “ H. J. Dadmun, ALTO. Mrs. T. Carey, Mrs S. A. Montague, Miss Flora Forbush, Miss Ellen Stone, “ B. W. Houghton, “ F. A. Wall, “ Addie Jones, “ Nellie Wheelock, “ C. V. Mason, Miss Hattie Brewster, TENOR. S S. Baker, Abner Greenwood, B. W. Houghton, Samuel Poole. E. A. Forbush, Jr., BASS. E. A. Aldrich, A. G Forbush, E. P. Hartshorn, A. Moody, D. M. Babcock, E. F. Greenwood, H. Hooker, W. II. Seaver, Rey. M. M. Cutter, P Emerson, B. H. Hartshorn, C. V. Mason, A. Snell. 69. ENFIELD CHORUS, THOMPSONVHLE, CONN. J. S. Allen, President; C. F. Knight, Secretary; David Gordon, Treasurer ; E. F. Parsons, Musical Director; Mrs. J. E. Knight, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. J. E. Knight, Miss Mary A. Morrison, Miss Georgie Sheridan, Miss Lizzie Strickland, Miss Bessie Abbe, “ Anna F. Reynolds, “ Ida Sheridan, “ Lizzie Wheelock. “ Ella R. Morrison, “ Flora G. Sheridan, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 727 ALTO. Mrs. L. E. Sawn, Miss Emma J. Abbe, Miss Mary K. Alden, Miss Helen A. Griffin. “ L 0 Wightman, TENOR. Jabez S Allen, Henry H. Ellis, Rev. Cyrus Pickett. BASS. Robert Aiken, Charles Killam, C. T. Knight, Newell A. Parsons. Robert J Hall, 70. GROVELAND CHORAL UNION, GROVELAND, MASS J. A. Say ary, President; Charles W. Spofford, Secretary and Librarian; D. R. Parker, Treasurer; L. Hopkinson, Musical Director; A. T. Spofford, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs Cynthia A Bailey, Mrs. Isabella S. Ladd, Miss Emma N. Browne, Miss Alice J. Peabody. “ Minnie S. Balch, ALTO. Mrs A. M. Pemberton, Miss Lucia A. Melloon, Miss Lillie M. Peabody, Miss Aphia T. Spofford Miss Mary A. Hopkinson, “ Eliza N. Parker, “ Fidelia Potter, TENOR. Leverett Hopkinson, Dean R. Parker, Paul Hopkinson, 8. W. Hopkinson, fm. H. Parker, E.R. Savary, Chas. H. Poland, Henry S. Sayary, J. Augustus Savary, BASS. Chas. W. Spofford, Morris Spofford, J. H. Savary. J. R. Wood. 71. MALONE MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, MALONE, N. Y. S. I. Palmer, President; C. Allen and A. P. Martin, Vice-Presidents; H. E. Perkins, Secretary; J. Fisk, Treasurer; T. H. Atwood, Musical Director; J. de Zelinski, Pianist SOPRANO. Mrs. J. E. Barry, “ 0. F. Briggs. Mrs. George Paddock, Mrs. H. A. Taylor, Miss Zilla Partch. “ Bell Rowe, ALTO. Miss Lucia E. Atwood, Miss Agnes Bates, Miss Bertie Lewis, Miss Sarah C. Willard. M. W. Atwood, Thos. H Atwood, J. F. Atwood, J E. Barry, H. E. Partch, J. W. Chandler, John Fiske, TENOR. H. E. Perkins, BASS. J. R. Jackson, J. de Zelinski. Mason Slason. 728 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 72. MENDELSSOHN SOCIETY, CHICAGO, ILL. George B. Upton, President; W. S. B. Matthews, Vice-President; James E. Murray, Secretary; George W. Lyon, Treasurer; J. A. Butterfield, Musical Director; William H. Cutler, Pianist. SOPRANO Mrs Andrews, “ P. P. Bliss, “ W. H. Cutler, “ H. D. Hitchcock, “ M. J. Lyon, “ Josie F. Thurlow, “ Sarah Turnbull, Mrs. Mary J. Young, Miss Lillie Andrews, “ Addie Brown, 11 Jennie F Brown, “ Mary Burton, “ Mary D. Butler, u Emma Daly, Miss Decatur, “ Lizzie Dow, “ Leonora F. Gilbert, “ Sarah Higgins, “ Fannie E. Jones “ Nellie Lyon, Miss Jennette C. Phelps, “ Lizzie Reed, “ M. Belle Scott, “ Lizzie Thompson, “ Alice Whitlock, “ Olive Wood. ALTO. Mrs Allen Butler, Miss Jennie Bean, Miss Hayes, Miss Scott, “ L. Conklin, “ Sallie B. Brouse, “ Agnes Lewis “ Lizzie Skelton, “ Freeman, “ Emma Dell, “ C. E. Parker, “ M. A. Webb, “ Lizzie Green, “ Sarah Flagg, Lucy Preston, “ Wilson. “ Weber, “ Alice L. Gates, TENOR. Thos. Baldwin, R. F. Keith, J. R. Morse, C. L. Runalds, R. A. Brown, John M. Kerns, R. M. Padgett, John Seymour, Josiah Day, Fred K. Knowles, H S. Perkins, Frank Somes, Mr. Freeman, Jos. W. Lyon, S. W. Powell, Wm. Yining, Jas. R. Harrison, Benj. Martin, J. S. Ramsey, B. T. Wakeman, Ezra B. Hotchkiss, John F. Mills, L. C. Rice, Henry B. Waterman, Henry J. Hutchinson, BASS. A. T. Allen, M. C. Crouch, Fred B. Hull, W. E. Mather, P. P. Bliss, T. H. Elder, John C. Hull, J. Mozart, F. W. Callender, R. II. Flagg, John W. Hutchinson, P. C. Parmelee, R. M. Clarke, G. E. Fuller, John R. Irvine, H. F. Talbot, M. E. Cole, J. H. Gates, Benj. F. Kelley, Rev. Glen Wood, D. S. Combs, E. C. Guilbert, W, E. Lewis, 0. W. Young. J. W. Crawford, W. F. Heath, 73. CHORAL UNION SOCIETY, MTDDLEBOROUGH, MASS I. H. Harlow, President; F. S. Thompson, Secretary; Joseph Wood, Treasurer and Librarian; A. J. Pickens, Miosical Director ; Mrs. Foss, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. A. M. Foss, Mrs. Sarah E. Shaw, Miss C. S. Pickens, Miss Helen P. Sparrow. “ C. I. Harlow, Miss Mary L. Harlow, “ Lucy L. Pickens ALTO. Mrs A. L. Harrison, Mrs. Carrie Holmes, Mrs. Lucy A. Thompson, Miss Julia A. Coombs. J H. Harlow, L K Harlow, TENOR. I. M. Pickens, F. S. Thompson, J. T. Wood. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 729 L. K Coombs, Chester Harlow, John T. Haskell, A. J. Pickens, BASS. W. W. Pickens, R. Pierce, Hercules Smith. 74. EAST BOSTON CHORAL SOCIETY, EAST BOSTON, MASS. C. G. Russell, President; Wm. A. Stevens, Librarian; Dexter A. Tompkins, Musical Director and Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs Sarah Bennett, “ Ruiamah Delano, “ EUaM. Fitch, “ Susan Haynes, Mrs. Sarah F. Laurence, “ Mary E. Munroe, “ Jessie A. Rich, “ Sarah E. Skofield, Miss Emma W Clarke, “ Lucy H. Cobb, “ Lizzie Godbold, “ Sarah Godbold, Miss Mary Kendall, “ Susan A Mayo, “ Ella Pray, “ Nellie Weston. ALTO. Mrs Rachel B. Atkins, “ C C Burdakin, “ T. W Clarke, “ Martha Ferson, Mrs. Lucy Martin, “ Laura W. Sellers, “ Ruth A. Sheppard, “ Mary D. Stevens. Mrs. Annie E. Sturtevants, Miss Kate Doane, Miss Lizzie Bradford, “ Helen Crowle, “ J. Josie Doane, Hester A. Howe, Lizzie C. Nixon, Edith L. Studley. Geo F. Barker, Reuben Goodwin, B. H. Harding, Samuel N. Mayo, Richard Beeching. William Beeching, S. G. Pennett, TENOR. Leonard F. Merrill, Chas. E. Pearson, T. C. Power, James A. Shedd, Ivory H. Staples, Wm. A. Stevens, Dexter A. Tompkins, Samuel B. Woods, Edwin Wright BASS. Mark Googgins, Geo. Porter, Melzar Thomas, Daniel W. Palmer, Cromwell G. Rowell, John Young. 75. HOPKINTON CHORAL SOCIETY. HOPKINTON. MASS. E. S. Nason, President and Musical Director; L. B. Maybry, Secretary; Elijah Winship, Treasurer; Mr. Brewer, Librarian. SOPRANO. Mrs S. E. Chase, “ M. A. Claflin, “ S. P. Maybry, Mrs. E. S. Nason, “ S. J Wakefield “ Josie Willard, Mrs. S M Winship, , “ A E. Woodbury, Miss Ella Cobum, Miss S Cook, “ A. L. Scammell. ALTO. Mrs. H. Gibbs, “ M. E. Sweet, Mrs. C..E. Wheeler, “ S. A. Wilber, Miss E. C. King, '* E. M Phipps, Miss H. A. Taft. TENOR. A. G. Brewer, Thos. Carey, S. Crooks, Jr., L. B. Maybry, E. S. Nason. E. W. Phelps, E, Winship. BASS. A. Crooks, J. S. Crooks, Elijah Fitch, Henry Newton, C E. Wheeler, Fred. Whittemore. 730 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 76. METHUEN CHORAL UNION, METHUEN, MASS. Jacob Emerson, President; George A. Harris, Secretary; D. Currier, Treas¬ urer ; Chas. Easton, Librarian; Miss Lizzie A. Harris, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. F. M. Fuller, Mrs. E. F. Merrill, Mrs F C. Parker, Miss II. E. Simonds, “ J. A. Hawley, “ E. F. Messer, “ M. H. Webster, “ H. M. Warren. ALTO. Mrs. G. R. Hutchinson, Miss Addie Gutterson, Miss Julia Kimball, Miss Carrie Molton. “ Martha Kendell, “ L. A. Harris, “ Lizzie Merrill, TENOR. C. Eaton, A. L. Gale, Cummings Messer, H. O. Webster. L. B. Gage, C. M. Hickok, S. W. Tapley, BASS. D. Currier, G A Harris, Samuel Huse, Albert Smith, Jacob Emerson, Jr., S. S. Hickok, A. K. Rent, D. W. Tenney. 77. PEACE FESTIVAL CLASS, NATICK, MASS. E. C. Morse, President ; J. Wilde, Secretary and Treasurer ; J. Astor Broad, Musical Director. SOPRANO. Mrs. J. G Adams, Miss Clara Cole, Miss Ella Hardy, Miss M. L. Parker, “ Beals. “ Clinton Cook, “ Helen Harwood, “ Angie Procter, “ E. II. Brigham, “ Nellie Dakin, u Ella Hansen, “ A. Sanger, “ Edwards, “ Rose A. Davis, “ J. A. Knowles, “ A. II. Shattuck, “ Dr. Gunter, ‘ ‘ Dewire, “ E. M. Mason, “ EUen Tash, “ Alice Washburn. “ Mary B Fiske, u Agnes L. Moore, “ S. S. Whitney, “ H. N. Wetherbee, “ Mattie Fay, u C. H. Moore, “ Maggie Wilson, “ Wood, “ Hattie Hall, “ Edna Moore, “ Lizzie Winch, Miss Abbie Beal, “ Mary E. Hollis “ Lizzie Morse, “ Ida Wingate. “ Alice E. Clapp, “ Martha L. Hunt, “ Ida Moulton, ALTO. Mrs. W. P. Bigelow, Miss E. M. Centerbar, Miss S. S, Greenwood, Miss S E. Saxton, “ Hemmenway, “ 0. A. Cheeney, “ Ida Howe, “ A. E. Travis, “ E. H. Walcott, “ C. H. Childs, “ Clara Kimball, “ Emily Whitney, Miss Arabel Beal, “ M. Cook, “ Walter Nash, “ Mary Whitney, “ Mattie Broad. “ Louise Crosby, “ Nellie Nute, “ Clara Wingate. “ Kate Broad, “ L. R. Edgerton TENOR. John R Adams, S. Bean, E. C. Morse, Nath. Smith, Joseph G. Adams, J. E. Fiske, Ned Morse, Henry Travis, W. P. Bigelow, A F. Mason, Wm. Morse, T. S Travis, H C. Burnham, Wm. Mastin, W. D. Parlin, BASS. Joseph Wilde. J A. Broad, A. Copithom, C. H. Moore, W H. Tash, W M Broad, Geo. T. Dakin, Edgar Nute, G. D. Tower, 0. H Burley, Z. H. Gould, A. Parker, E H. Walcott, Dr. Carter, Frank Hayes, C. E. Randall, Chas. Walker, A I. Cheney, E. P. Hollis, Walter Robinson, J. A. Wheeler, C W. Colburn, Moses Cook, Alonzo Hosmer, J. A. Judkins, John Sangar, Ebenezer Whitney. GEE AT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 731 78. SACRED MUSIC ASSOCIATION, MILFORD, MASS. Kev. G. L. Demarest, President; G. L. Cook, Vice-President; Dean Battles, Secretary; G. B. Knight, Treasurer; William Emery, Librarian; C. J. Thompson, Musical Director; C. F. Wight, Pianist. SOPRANO. Miss Ida Albee, “ Mary J. Bailey, “ Alice Comstock, Miss Pauline E. Demarest, Miss Anna Gates, Miss Anna Twing, “ Alice Eaton, “ Ella J. Morse, “ Maria L. Tyler, “ Ella A. Fisher, “ Nettie Thayer, “ C. W. Wilcox. ALTO. Miss Anna L. Adams, Miss Annetta L. Draper, Miss Ellen Krumn, 11 Mary A. Barnes, “ Emma Holbrook, 11 Emma Parker, Miss Mary W. Walker, “ Susie Whitney. Edgar A. Buffington, Geo. L. Cook, C. Burnham, Asa Cox, TENOR. Henry E. Fales, G. L. Freidrick, N. E. Saveli, C. J. Thompson. T. B. Bailey, Dean Battles, E. Burr, BASS. G. L. Demarest, D. E. Spencer, G. B. Knight, M. A. Underwood, T. E. Morse, C. F. Wight, Geo. P. Woodbury. 79. WOBURN MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, WOBURN, MASS. Charles A. Smith, President; Josiah Hovey, Secretary; S. W. Abbott, Treasurer; T. R. Corbett, Librarian; P. E. Bancroft, Musical Director. Mrs. S. W Abbott, “ L. M Dalton, Miss Mary Cole, “ Clara D. Flinn, SOPRANO. Miss Harriet Hood, Miss Anna M. Smith, Miss Anna E Thompson, “ Nellie M. Nichols, “ Emma J. Swift, “ Anna Wood, “ Martha A. Russell, “ Annette E. Teare, “ Hattie Wright. “ Ada M. Shute, ALTO. Mrs. P. E. Bancroft, “ Wm Kimball, “ John L. Parker, “ J. D. Porter, Mrs. Charles T. Wood, Miss Emma N. Burke, “ K. W. Gould, Miss M. Louise Perkins, “ Carrie Poole, “ . M. L. Richardson, Miss Fanny R. Teare, “ Emma T. Thompson, “ M. Ella Whitford. P. E. Bancroft, J. P. Barrett, Wm. H Clark, TENOR. Ephraim Cutter, F. H. Gould, A. B. Lovejoy, John L. Parker, John Pease, H. W. Pratt, T. Robie, Jr., John D. Tidd. Samuel W Abbott, H. L. Andrews, E G. Berry, B. E. Bond, John C. Buck, Joseph H. Buck, T. R. Corbett, J. F Deland, W F Davis, Parker Fox, BASS. Josiah Hovey, W. E. Jenks, Wm. Kimball, I. P. Moulton. J. D. Porter, H. D. J K. Richards, Samuel Rinn, Charles A Smith, Abijah Thompson, Charles T. Wood 732 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 80. JUBILEE CHORUS SOCIETY, LOWELL, MASS. J. F. McEvoy, President; Benjamin Walker, Secretary ; C. W. Hugo, Treas¬ urer; A. J. Burbank, Librarian; Sows W. Stevens, Musical Director; George B. Allen, Pianist; A. B. Stevens, Marshal. SOPRANO. Mrs. D. B. Bartlett, Miss Mary E. Drew, Miss Adelaide A. Hale, Miss Emma B. Prescott, “ Nellie Morey, “ A. L. Eaton, “ Mary H. Hamilton , “ Abbie A. Puffer, “ G. A. Nichols, “ Lizzie Enright, li Alice Hardman, “ Adaline Richardson, “ II. S. Orange, “ Jennie I. Finn, “ Mary Hardman, “ Mary E. Richardson, “ Z. E. Stone, “ Kate T. Finn, “ M. E. Hendrick, “ Mary E. Rix, “ Lizzie J. Thurston. , “ Lizzie Finn, “ Bella C. Hill, “ Hattie R. Sargent, “ C. S. Young, u Minnie IT. Fletcher , “ Marietta Hill, “ Ella Sawtelle, Miss E. H. Badger, “ Nellie A. Folsom, “ Jennie E. Homer, “ Lizzie Street, “ Sarah E. Bailey, “ Ella F. Gardner, “ Katie C. Horner, “ Mary Taylor, “ Nettie Bolton, “ Sarah A. Gates, “ Alice Huse, “ Georgia. H. Tarr, u Louisa J. Bridge, u Josie B. Giles, “ Mary E. Libby, “ M. Lizzie Watson, “ Hattie L. Burdeck. , “ Carrie Go ward, 11 D. M. McPherson, “ E. A. Welch, “ T. J. Clifford, “ Mira Goward, “ Mary Murkland, “ E. R. Whittier, “ Emma A. Davis, “ Ada Griswold, “ Mary E. Parker, “ Edith F. Wiley. ALTO. Mrs. W. IT. Cooper, Miss H. M. Converse, Miss Emma F. Griswold, Miss S. J. Smiley, “ E. EUiott, “ Clara F. Critchett, “ E. J. Holt, “ Phila. M. Stimson, “ J. A. Hicks, “ Susie Crosby, “ Anna M. McCoy, “ Helen A. Whittier, “ Sarah Huse, “ C. Belle Fiske, “ Sarah McGill, “ Mary E. Wight, “ E. E. Richardson, “ Emily F. Fletcher, “ Abby J. Owen, “ Jennie F.Woodward, “ James Watson, “ Etta Gage, “ EUa E. Pollard, “ Janett W. Worthen, Miss Lucy A. Ball, “ Abbie Gilman, “ M. A. Pratt, “ E. J. Wright. TENOR. Chas. E. Adams, Thos. F. Burgess, J. G. Lennon, 0. M. Shell, George B. Allen, John 0. Cummings, Arthur McAloon, Solon W. Stevens, Oscar R. Barclay, Charles H. Fiske, John F. McEvoy, H. W. Tinker, William H. Bent, Samuel Foster, 0. F. Osgood, Hugh Woodbury, S. C. Bennett, 0. N. Gilbert, W. H. Perrin, W. H. Whitworth, John T. Billings, Oliver M. Harding, G. A A. Pevey, Benj. Walker. A. J. Burbank, S. F. Hosmer, E. E. Richardson- BASS. G. W. Badger, I. N. Fitts, Chas. E. James, S. J. Smiley, IT. H. Barnes, S. H. Fletcher, Phineas Jones, Alonzo B. Stevens, IT. G Burgess, Alfred Gilman, Chas. L. Long, W. R. Taylor, David Chase, Alfred Gilman, Jr., Jeremiah E. Lord, Arnold S. Welch, Frank W. S. Daly, Dana B Gove, J. G. Marshall, Arthur J. Whitcomb, C. IT. Danforth, T. P. Hall, J. N. Pinkham, H. D. Wood, J. C. Davis, C. W Hanson, Frank R. Rix, J. W. Woodbury, Chas. W. Eaton, A. V Hill, C. W. Rugg, Fred. Woodice, S. Farrington, Lewis Ii. Holland, A. W. Simpson, G H. Young. 81. AMESBURY CHORAL SOCIETY, AMESBURY AND SALISBURY, MASS. Benjamin S. Blake, President; F. B. French, Secretary ; Moses Flanders, Musical Director ; Mrs. J. A. Douglass, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Mary Mudge, Miss Pheba A. Brown, Miss Annie Cook, Miss Abbie Dearborn, “ Edwin Osgood, *' Susan T. Collins, “ Hattie Davis, “ Nellie M. Dearborn, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL, 733 Miss Maria Dowdell, u Alice Felteh, “ Emma Flanders, “ Hannah Hills, “ Mary A. Jewell, Miss Fanny Kenniston, " Agnes Lowell, “ Vorrie B Merrill, “ Annie Morrill, “ Sarah Morrill, Miss Clara A. Noyes, “ Sarah J. Osgood, “ Lottie Perkins, “ Mary J. Perkins, “ Mattie Perkins, Miss Nettie Pettengill, “ Addie Philbrick, “ C. Augusta Sawyer, “ Ellen Whaland, “ Lizzie Willy. ALTO. Mrs. F. Brown, “ E. T. Colby, “ J. A. Douglass, Mrs. M. J. Drew, Newell, “ J. P. Spofford, Mrs. H. Wadleigh, Miss Addie Colby, “ Alice George, Miss M. A. Howarth, “ M. A. B. Titcomb. Chas. C. Brewer, Geo- H. Briggs, W L Brown, B. S. Blake, Stephen H. Brown, E T. Colby, J. 0. Currier, Geo. Burpee, Wm. Cook, Moses Flanders, W. H. B. Currier, David Davol, F. B. Eastman, J. E. Holt, TENOR. Hiram Jewell, J. W. Leavett, Frank Reed, BASS. J. H. Keene, Fred E. Lowell, Albert Moody, Albion Sanborn, J. Whitman, Daniel J. Wilson. G. A. Moore, Geo. H. Morrill, Frank Neild. 82. PEACE FESTIVAL CHOIR, SACO, MAINE. F. N. Hodsdon, President; Paul Chadbourne, Vice-President; Manson Seayy, Secretary and Marshal; A. C. Tuxbury, Treasurer; G. G. Additon, Musical Director; W. A. Hodgkins, Assistant Musical Director; James H. Shannon, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. Melinda K. Abbot “ E. H. Bailey, “ M. A. Hodgkins, “ Eliza Howland, “ Hattie Littlefield, “ J. W. Littlefield, ;, Mrs. E. Manson, “ T. L. Merrill, “ J E. Quinby, “ J.T. Seaver, Miss M. R. Atkins, “ R. C. Blake, Miss Lizzie A. Burbank, “ Julia Hill, “ C. M. Kendrick, “ Sarah H. Nowell, “ Florence Patten, “ Fannie E. Priest, Miss Abby E. Robinson, “ Susie C. Smith, “ A. M. Sumner, “ J. M. Sumner, “ Lissa A. Tuxbury, “ Sarah TJshur. Mrs. Mary E. Clark, “ Geo. Googins, “ S. K Hamilton, ALTO. Mrs. Wm. Perkins, “ Josie R. Seavy, “ C.W. Shannon, Mrs. A C. Tuxbury, Miss Amanda Haseltine, “ H. L. Weaver, “ Annie Jewett, Miss Lizzie P. Goldtbwait, “ Maty E. Sands. TENOR. G. G Additon, Alonzo L Berry, Paul Chadbourne, James L. Emery, Edwin J Foss, Edwin A. Gowen, Geo. E. Grant, Wm. A. Hodgkins, Thomas L. Merrill, S. K. Milliken, John Phantom, A. A. Tapley, Alonzo Towle, Alfred C Tuxbury, Charles E. Ushur. J. S. Additon, John Barker, Geo. Beaumont, James Boardman, R. S. Boulter, BASS. H. G. Dean, Geo. D. Emerson, F. N. Hodsdon, S. C. Libbey, John M. Pevey, Albion Sands, Albert C. Sawyer, J T. Seaver, Manson Seavy, C. T. Shannon, Charles W. Shannon, James H. Shannon, Geo. S. Watson. 734 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 83. ANDOVER CHORUS, ANDOVER, MASS. Albert Abbott, President; H. P. Beard, Secretary and Treasurer ; Henry Boynton, Librarian; George Kingman, Musical Director ; Miss Lilla Ab¬ bott, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. E. A. Fernald, Miss Hannah B. Abbott, Miss Sarah M. Gile, Miss Addie B. Taylor, “ G. R. Ramsdell, “ Lilia Abbott, “ Hattie P. Herrey, Lora M. White. “ Elizabeth Ryley, “ Grace Crosby, ALTO. Mrs. Jennie Farnsworth, Miss Charlotte H. Abbott, Miss Nellie T. Brown, Miss Rosa L. Pratt. “ M. A. Russell, “ Lucia W. Abbott, J H. Dean, E. N. Femald, Albert Abbott, Wm. Abbott, Henry S. Foster, Geo Kingman, H. P. Beard, Henry Boynton, TENOR. Wm. Marland, John Morrison, BASS. E R. Farnsworth, John W. Howe, Geo. Russell, Edward Taylor, 2d. M. L. Ramsdell, J. E. Taylor. 84. FESTIVAL CHOIR, PROVIDENCE, R. I. Lewis T. Downes, President and Musical Director; John W. Noyes, Secretary; Edwin Baker, Treasurer and Librarian. SOPRANO. Mrs. Edwin Baker, “ James L. Bennett, “ Chas. C. Chace, “ Thomas A. Cobb, “ Wm. F. Hardy, “ Geo. H. Lincoln, “ Dr. Loring, Mrs.D. C. Packard, “ Harriet Reynolds, “ Anna E. Robbins, “ Frank F. Tingley. “ Harriet Warner, Miss Maria A. Bassett, “ Julia A. Bean, Miss E. M. Blanding, “ Ruth E. Dyer, “ Helen G. Farmer, “ Sarah M. Farmer, “ Anna C. Garland, “ Carrie M. Miller, ALTO. Mrs. C. H. Alexander, “ Thos. P. Fenner, “ Caleb E. Howland, “ Wm. H. Mason, Mrs. Aaron Towne, “ F. A. Smith, Miss Susie C. Bean, “ Julia A. Dench, Miss Nancy A. Greene, “ Carrie E. Harlow, “ Mary E. Olney, “ Mary E. Sweet, TENOR. John A. Angell, Wm. R. Blake, John Chester, Dr E. M. Harris, Wm. A. Harlow, Benjamin W. Hood, Edward A. Horton, John Howe, Samuel A. Howland, Daniel S. Parkhurst, Wm. H. Stevens, Justus Thomas, C. Henry Alexander, Edwin Baker, Henry Baker, Wm. B. Bennett, Charles C. Chace, George W Chace, Edward E. Darling, Dwight M. Downes, Louis T. Downes, Henry C. Field, Peter Y. Greenwood, Wm. F. Hardy, J. A C. Hathaway, BASS. Luther M. Hayward, Caleb E. Howland, Ray G. Huling, Wm. McDonald, John W. Noyes, Edward H. Parks, Miss Sarah J. Olney, “ Adela N. Padelford, “ Jennie Reynolds, “ Sarah E. Stackpole, “ Mary H. Thompson, “ Clara W. Tingley. Miss E, E. Thompson, “ Susie Tweed, “ Hannah Walcott, “ Fannie Ward well. Frank F. Tingley, Aaron Towne, Alfred A. Wright. Nicholas C. Potter, Joseph K. Robinson, Stephen Thurber, Henry F. Tingley, Samuel II. Tingley, Alonzo Williams. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 735 85. SARATOGA MUSICAL ASSOCIATION, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N Y. G. E. Bushnell, President; G. H. Richards, Secretary; J. G. Shaw, Musical Director; T. B. Ellenwoods, Pianist. Mrs. P. R. Day, “ W. H. Gibbs, “ L. B. Putnam, “ Shoemaker, Mrs. Anderson, “ W. S. Balch, “ Bushnell, B. F. Edwards, F. B. Ellen wood, W. W. French, S. E. Bushnell, Rev. P. R. Day, S. W. Fuller, W. H. Gibbs, SOPRANO. Mrs. Dr. S. E. Strong, Miss Ely, Miss Timby, Miss Emily Child, “ Annie F. Rawson, “ Warriner, “ Coleman, “ Emma Sawtelle, “ Woodbridge. “ S. M. Davison, , “ Julia Sawtelle, ALTO. Mrs. F. B. Ellenwood, Miss Patchen, Miss Williams, “ Hemingway, “ J. E. Palmer, “ Worcester. Miss Fuller, TENOR. Geo. Gray, E. Holmes, G. E. Shoemaker, M. Hall, J. G. Shaw, Dr. S. E. Strong. BASS. A. S. Hayes, S. H. Richards, M. Simons, K. A. Hemingway, C. F. Rich, H. P. Trim, W. R. Johnson, Dr. L. B. Putnam, N. H. Rugg, W. R. Warriner. 86. ADDISON COUNTY CHORAL SOCIETY, MIDDLEBURY, YT. ' Dugald Stewart, President; M. A. Munroe, Vice-President; E. A. Doud, Secretary; N. P. Barbour, Treasurer; H. L. Sheldon, Librarian; C. F. Stone, Musical Director; James C. Porter, Pianist. Mrs. E. A. Doud, Mrs. Lucy Slade SOPRANO. , Miss Adelle Negus, “ Wm. Langworthy, Miss Addie Lee, “ E. S. Robbins, Mrs. F. A. Bond, Mrs. Jennie Judd, ALTO. Miss Cora E. Brown, N. P. Barbour, M. A. Munroe, TENOR. James C. Porter, John W. Lovett, Munroe Peck, H. L. Sheldon, Jno. W. Bradshaw, E. A. Doud, BASS. C. D. Earl, Sherrod Brown, C. A. Earl, Dugald Stewart, Miss Mary Steele. Miss Mary Tilden. Geo. F. Washburn. J. W. Stewart, C.F. Stone. 87. SALISBURY CHORAL SOCIETY, LAKEVILLE, CONN. Geo. B. Burrall, President; F. C. French, Secretary; M. C. Jewell, Treasurer; J. J. Orton, Librarian; D. F. Stillman, Musical Director and Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. G. B. Burrall, Mrs. M. S. Selleck, Miss Hattie Burrall, Miss Flora E. Weed. “ H. M. Knight, Miss Agnes Abell, “ Eliza Jewell, 736 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Mrs G. C. Dodge, “ H. M. Gillette, F. C. French, Jos. A. Brinton, Miss Katie Glens, M. C. Jewell, G. B. Burrall, ALTO. Miss Laura Holley, TENOR. J. J. Orton, BASS. H. M. Gillette, Miss Belle Terrett. D. F. Stillman. H. M. Knight. 88. CHESHIRE MUSICAL UNION KEENE, N. H. C. M. Wyman, President; G. W. Foster, Vice-President and Musical Director; J. A. French, Secretary ; D. W. Buckminster, Treasurer ; J. C. Godfrey and Sarah Towne, Pianists. SOPRANO. Mrs. Hattie A. Baker, Miss Celia Hunt, Miss Josie L. Mansfield, Miss Ahhie L. Parker, “ S. 0. Little, “ Hannah B. Keyes, “ Hattie L. Mason, “ Emma F. Reed. ALTO. Mrs. Dr. Blake, “ Abbie E. Breed, “ Geo. Rust, H. M. Breed, Geo. W. Foster, E. H Aldrich, E. C. Baker, Mrs. H. J. Watkins, “ C. M. Wyman, Miss J. S. Godfrey, Miss S. Mabel Lane, “ Kate Leverett, “ Orianna E. Parker. Miss Mary E Thurston “ Sarah E. Towne. J. G. W. Morrison. C. M. Wyman, TENOR. J. A. French, J. G. Joslin, J. Edward Hall, G. E. Lane, BASS. D. W Buckminster, C. M. Lane, H. J. Davis, S. S. Leonard, 89. LYNN CHORUS CLASS, LYNN, MASS. Hon. Roland G. Usher, President; Elbridge Loyejot, Vice-President ; John L. Robinson, Secretary ; G. H. Aborn, Treasurer ; Warren Tapley, Libra - rian ; Rufus Pierce, Musical Director ; H. E. Macomber and E. K. Weston, Pianists . SOPRANO. Mrs. Sarah J. Aborn, Mrs. B. Annie Blanchard, “ S. F Burrows, S. Louise Calley, “ Annie M. Coggin, “ Lulie G. Driver, “ Martha A. Faulkner, “ Agnes French, “ L. A. Gerrish, Emma W. Jernegan, “ L. I. Johnson, “ C. B. Latham, Miss Carrie F. Lewis. Ellen G. Macomber, Caroline Nichols, E. Jeannette Oliver, Nellie Patten, M. L. Paul, Eliza J. Pierce, Annie M. Stanley, Caroline W. Tapley, Lucy T. Wheeler, Abbie Wiggins, Mary J. Withey, Mary E. Bartlett, Miss Lizzie M. Boyle, Miss “ Addie M. Breed, “ “ Priscilla Breed, “ “ Abby F. Cummings, “ “ Emily G. Clifford, “ “ Mattie H. Davis, “ “ Belle F. Dearborn, 11 “ J. T. Dearborn, “ “ Hattie A. George, “ “ Anna W. Guilford, “ “ CharlotteM.Hawkes, “ “ Louise Keith, “ Hattie M. Kelley, Lizzie A Lewis, L. Cordelia Lowe, Eola M. Lunimus, Emma F. Newhall, Fannie M. Perkins, Kate R. Richardson, Mary E. Richardson, Bessie Ross, Martha Smith, Ella F. Trasher, Lizzie N. Trasher. ALTO. Mrs. Mary L. Griffin, Mrs. Fannie E. McKenney, Mrs. A. J. Oliver, Mrs. J. R. Russell, “ Eunice H. Ingalls, “ Mary A. Mott, “ Rebecca S. Otis, “ Lizzie L. Sweetser, “ Georgia W. Keene, “ Ellen F. Nourse, “ Lizzie Proctor, Miss L. Maria Attwill, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 737 Miss Lucy A Eveleth, 44 Mary A. Fairchild, 44 Ella B. Griffin, 44 Mary A. Hyde, Charles H. Abom, George W. Alley, William A, Attwill, Samuel H, Bacon, J. Carroll Bartlett, Nathaniel Bartlett, Charles P. Berry, Charles A. Adams, Ezra T. Bates, Albert N. Bramhall, Chas. 0 Breed, Arthur W. Brooks, Morton D. Burrill, John A. Burrows, Edward Butler, Miss Miranda R. Hyde, Miss Abbie J. Oliver, Miss S. Augusta Rhodes, 44 Lucy P. Kelly, 44 Kate B. Plummer, “ Maria L. Smith, 44 Minerva V. Munroe, 44 Kate M. Plummer, 44 Maggie Slocumb. TENOR. Joseph W. Berry, Charles J. Butler, Benjamin F. Calley, Ewen C. Crowell, George H. S. Driver, William A. Faulkner William H. Gerrish, Leander J. Calley, Chas. W. Coggins, Oliver Drake, Henry Fairchild, Rollins Haskell, Edward Hitchings, William H. Holt, Jr. T. Dexter Johnson, Samuel G. Henderson. Henry T. Latham, Albert Lewis, Elbridge Lovejoy, Horatio E. Macomber, , Thomas P. Nichols, Henry F. Newhall, BASS. Charles O. Lewis, S. S. McGibbons, John T. Moulton, George T. Newhall, George Oliver, James S. Oliver, , Rufus Pierce, Phillip C. Porter, William Norton, Howard Perley, Samuel Spinney, John S. Tarr, David S. Trasher, E. K. Weston, Wm. Gardner White. William Purrington, John E. Rhodes, John L. Robinson, Sidney M. Shat tuck, Walter E. Symonds, Warren Tapley, Charles H. Withey. 90. BEETHOVEN SOCIETY, TAUNTON, MASS. William B. Crandall, President; Joseph Dunbar, Vice-President; P. E. Deane, Secretary; L. Soule, Musical Director and Librarian. SOPRANO. Mrs. Addle Wood, Miss Hannah Hayward, Miss Sarah Reynolds, Mrs. William Black, “ M. A. Field, “ C. D. Humphrey, “ C. H. Lincoln, “ Frank Read, “ A. L. Willard, Miss Myra Ashly, “ Florence Carver, “ Cora F. Cook, “ Carrie W. Crandell, “ Belle Cushman, Cornelia E. King, Maria L. King, Hattie Macomber, Lulie Pollard, Ida Pratt, Sarah Rouse, Emily Vaughn, Celia Washburn, Maria Wilbur. ALTO. Mrs. A. S. Briggs, Mrs. S. Ramsdell, Miss Emma Coleman, Miss Cora Leonard, 44 I. Dunbar, 44 E. Reynolds, 44 Maria Coombs, “ Addie Lovell, 44 C. Munroe, 44 L. Soule, 44 Emma Dean, “ Flora Pratt, 41 M. Paige, 44 Wm. Wheaton, 44 Ella Francis, “ Martha F. Ryder, 44 Geo. H. Park, Miss M. P. Buffington, 44 Mary Hale, “ Emily Tweed. 44 John Paul, 44 Louise W. Clark, 44 Nellie Hood, TENOR. Andrew Alden, George Burbank, John M. Field, George Rhodes, C E. Alden, T. P. Burt, 0. Gilmore, A. L. Richmond, F. A. Bowdoin, Herbert Carver, E. E. Keith, Arthur Sproat, S. C. Bowdoin, C. H. Cummings, J. Lothrop, N. Thomas, A. Bowen, James H. Deane, Esq., Jacob Orth, Joseph Watson. George Bridgham, D M. Ferrin, Silas D. Presbrey,M. D. BASS. Jerome Babbitt, P. E. Deane, Lewis Leonard, B. W. Ryder, John Baden, Joseph Dunbar, Seth Newhall, James W. Sanford, J. A. Bamford, Mr. Hayward, H. R. Packard, II. K. W. Smith, 0. L. Bassett, E. Ingells, George H. Park, Geo. F. Soule, George Bodfish, Edwin Keith, John F. Park, Leander Soule, Wm. B Crandall, B. D. King, Albert Rouse, R. Williams, J. W. Dean, E. B. King, Austin G. Ryder, George M. Woodward. 47 738 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE 91. AUGUSTA CHORAL SOCIETY, AUGUSTA, ME. George Weeks, President; A. Partridge, Secretary; A. Clark, Treasurer; Dr. A. H. Chamberlain, Librarian; Waldemar Malmene, Musical Director. SOPRANO. Mrs. 0 G. Turner, Miss Julia Folsom, Miss M. E. McArthur, Miss Mary Richards, Miss Fannie Allen, “ Brinda Fuller, “ Annie Partridge, “ Abba Turner. ALTO. Mrs. Waldemar Malmene, Miss Carry Blanding, Master Allen Rutherford, Master Fred. Staples. “ Laura Sewell, TENOR. Dr. A. H. Chamberlain, Dr. W. Scott Hill, Frank Knowlton, W. Malmene. BASS. A. Clark, Allen Partridge, C. P Weston, H. Wood. J L. Hodsdon, Jr,, Geo. E. Weeks, 92. GRANVILLE CHORAL SOCIETY, GRANVILLE, N. Y Rev. J. M. Crawford, President; B. F. Ottarson, Secretary; D. Rogers, Treasurer; Wm. Griffith, Librarian; D. B. Worley, Musical Director; Mrs. George Toby and Miss Phebe Shore, Pianists. Mrs. H. G. Barber, “ L. C. Champney, Mrs. A. H. Bowker, “ D. G. Morgan, SOPRANO. Mrs. W. Griffith, “ G.R. Jones, Mrs. II. P. Prouty, Miss R. G. Dillingham, ALTO. Mrs. Mary Searls, Miss Nettie Day, “ D. B. Worley, “ Annie M. Palmer, Miss Annie Smith, “ E. A. Potter. Miss Phebe Shove. TENOR. Geo. F. Baker, Wm. Griffith, J. M. Peck, D. B. Worley. H. G. Barber, John A. Humphrey, BASS. F. D. Hammond, Wm. J. Jones, B. F. Ottarson, Owen W. Williams. David J. Humphrey, M. L. Laurence, Hugh G. Thomas, 93. MENDELSSOHN SOCIETY, WATERBURY, conn. J. W. Smith, President; R. M. Smith, Secretary and Treasurer; Theodore J. Driggs, Musical Director; J. H. Weedon, Marshal. SOPRANO. Mrs. T. J. Driggs, Miss Lillie Hurlburt, Miss Mary Mills, Miss Bertha Platt, “ John Lines, “ Ida Lewis, “ Grace Perkins, “ Louisa Waters. ALTO. Miss Flora Abbott, Miss Fannie Lowrey, Miss Julia Northrop, Miss Eugenie Simonson, “ Jennie Bidwell, Maggie MeWhinnie, “ Mary K. Parsons, “ Almira Whiting. “ Lizzie Chittenden, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 739 TENOR. T. P. Baldwin, W. A. Gordon, C. A. Parsons, J. H. Sandland, Wm. D. Bissell, C. F. Hendee, Henry Read, Rev. R. G. Williams W. L. Elton, BASS. T. J. Driggs, Walter B. Platt, Frederick E. Snow, J. H. Weedon, A. Gordon, Jr., C. H. Smith, Elisha Steele, F. L. Welton, G. N. Granniss, J. W. Smith, W. P. Thomas, Wm. L. Wheeler, Jas. B. Perkins, R. M. Smith, A. S. Upson, Wm. H. White. 94. HARMONIC SOCIETY, NEW HAVEN, CONN. J. H. Wheeler, President and Musical Director; Henry St. John, Vice-Presi¬ dent ; A. B. Dodge, Secretary and Treasurer; T. G. Shepard, Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. H. L. M. Bartholomew, Mrs. H. Sperry, Miss Ella G. Ives, Miss L. Pratt, “ A. Blackman, Miss R. Bacon, “ Mary Ives, “ Nellie Sanford, 14 Booth, “ F. A Cauldweil, “ Mary Kirschner, “ Nellie Tooley, “ Hadley, “ Josie Evans, “ Marshall, “ E. Twining, “ Hart, “ Nellie Evans, u Mason, ‘ ; Fannie Walker. “ S. Ives, “ Emily Hitchcock, , “ Ellen Parmelee, “ Fannie Wilcox. “ John Platt, ALTO. Mrs. F. S. Andrews, Mrs J. H. Wells, Miss Daggett, Miss Fannie Parish, “ S. J. Gilbert, Miss Bennett, *• Lizzie Drown, “ S. Shephard, “ F. L. Grammon, “ Breckenridge, '* Mary Dudley, " Ufford, “ Henry St. John, “ Clark, 1 ‘ E. French, “ E. E. Waite. 11 C. T. Walker, “ A. M. Clark, TENOR. N. W. Carey, G. N. Ives, A. W. McAllister, H. St. John, A. B. Curtis, Benj. Jackson, C. K. Needham, James Walker, Sherman Foote, M. Kimberlee, J. A. Ross, J. H. Wheeler, W. D. Gourley, J. H. Kirschner, L. L. Scaife, Mr. Whittlesey. Mr. Hofer, BASS. Wm H. Backus, F. Chase, V. E. Marston, Thos. G. Shepherd, R. A. Bissell, W. S. Clark, Geo Mayer, C T. Walker, J. C. Bradley, A. B. Dodge, Mr. Meede, J G. Watson, Joseph Brennan, H. W. Hine, J. F. Peck, Prof. F. G. Welch, E. Buttricks, Prof. Wm. Ives, C. M. C. Reeves, S. G. Wooding. F. Buttricks. E. W Johnson, E Robins, 95. MOZART AND BEETHOVEN CHORAL UNION, WORCESTER, MASS A. C. Munroe, President; William Sumner, Vice-President; E. L. Spalding, Secretary; J. E. Benchley, Treasurer; G. M. Pierce, Librarian; Solon Wilder, Musical Director. SOPRANO. Mrs. A. L. Barr, “ J. M. Bassett, “ Geo. L. Battelle, “ E. C. Beals, “ George Bottume, “ Samuel Brown, Mrs. T W. Clark, “ E. Colburn, “ E B. Goodspeed, “ Aaron E. Greene, “ A. S. Grout, “ W. C Havens, Mrs. Justin Howard, “ Geo. J. Moody, “ G. M. Pierce, “ Hattie Riggs, “ William Sumner, “ R. H. Walker, Mrs. H. A. Wallace, “ M. B. Webb, “ D. M. Woodward, Miss J. P. Allen, “ L. G. Allen, “ Georgia C. Bates, 740 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Miss Sarah Benchly, “ Fanny Childs, ,£ Rosa Cosgrove, “ A E. Davenport, “ Mary Davis, “ Belle Facett, 4 ' Nellie Fiske, ‘‘ H. M. Foster, “ Nellie Fuller, Mrs. M B. Adams, “ Wm. S Denny, '* B. J. Dodge, *' C B. Eaton, “ Clara F. Fay, “ II N. Hastings, “ C. T. Litch, 45 C. E. Lyon, J F Bacon, N P. Bacon, A. L. Barr, Geo. II Barrett, E. D. Barrows, L. C Batson, J. E/Benchly, John Bent, Frank Blood, A. E. Boswell, L. A. Bowles, James Brennan, Dr. II W. Buxton. Rev. A. H. Coolidge, L. H. Cudworth, M. N. Dane, C. A. Allen, I. A. Bancroft, I. R. Barbour, E M. Barton, J. M. Bassett, Samuel Brown, J. A. Clark, John Cosgrove, Wm. S. Denny, M. H. Fay, F. B. French, C. W. Gilbert, L. H. Goodnow, Miss Mary Gibbs, “ Rosa Grant, “ Nellie Gray, “ F. A. Hinds, “ M. Ingraham, “ E. E. Knowles, “ M. J. McKenna, “ N. E Moulton, “ A. T. Norton, E. R. Goodspeed, C. II. Goodwin, J. D. Grout, A. H. Hammond, E. A. Harwood, W. R. Hill, E L. Hitchcock, C. L. Hubbard, Rufus K. Lane, E. C. Lawrence, L. Lovell, L. Merrifield, A. C. Munroe, Miss Mary Palmer, “ Mattie Parker, u L. J. Pepper, “ Annie Pratt, 14 Lottie Pratt, “ Emily Prince, “ M. E Prouty, “ E. J. Putnam, “ Julia A. Read, BASS. E. A. Muzzy, J C. Newton, Geo. F. Oakley, M. A. Phelan, Geo M. Pierce, A. P. Prentice, S. G. Priest A Rice, C F. Rock wood, J. H. Samson, Geo. E. Smith, P. H. Stearns, Miss E. P Smith. '* E. J. Spooner, “ J. M. Stoddard, ‘‘ Mary Stone, “ Ella J. Sumner, “ Nellie Thompson, “ S. J. Walker, “ F. A. Weld, * { N. A. Wheelock. Miss Lizzie McKenna, “ Emma Newton, “ Carrie A. Noyes, ^ A. M Prouty, “ F Y. Putnam, “ Bessie Stone, '* Abbie Wilder. W. II A. Simmons, A. J. Smith, A. L. Smith. E. H. Snow, E. P. Snow, E. L. Spalding, S E. Staples, J. F. Stearns C E. Steere, James Sullivan, E. L. Sumner, G. W. Sumner, E. C. Tainter, Geo. R Tufts, S. Whittemore L. Stock well, Wm. Sumner, P W Taft, J E. Thompson, Penn Tyler, E Upton, Henry White, W H. Whiting, C. E. Wilder, Solon Wilder, C. W. Wilson, J. H. B. Witter. ALTO. Mrs. L. Merrifield, Miss Clark, “ G. W. Moody, “ Rosa Cosgrove, “ A. C. Munroe, • “ D. Davidson, “ Charles Pierce, “ AC. Emerson, “ G D Stiles, “ R. R. Fay, *' Wm. Sumner, “ Anna Fox, 11 J. A. Titus, “ E. A. Hill, Miss M. Benchly, “ S A. Hill, TENOR. Daniel Downey, Robert McKenzie, G. W Elkins, N. A Merriam, H. K. Fuller, I N. Metcalf, J. W. Gould, Geo. W Moody, W. A. Gould, Calvin Morse, Jr., Arthur E. Gray, F. A. Muzzy, Geo. A. Harrington. , B. T. Noyes, F. N. Hastings, C. E. Nye, GW. Ingalls, Geo. 0. Nye, A. W. Ingraham, Samuel Porter, Bradford Kinsley, M. A. Power, E. P. Knight, Geo C. Rice, C. E. Lyon, H II. Rich, C. W. Manning, S. Richards, T. McConville, Geo. H. Sibley, 96. CHORAL ASSOCIATION, NEW BEDFORD, MASS. L. B. Ellis, President; Stephen Crowell, Secretary ; G. F. Sanford, Treas¬ urer ; B. F. Jennings, Librarian; J. E. Eaton, Jr., Musical Director and Pianist. SOPRANO. Mrs. M C Aiken, Mrs. F A. Briggs, Mr3. C. L Church, Mrs. Mary J Nickerson, “ H. A. Bennett, Emma C. Brownell, “ M. J. Leavy, “ H. C. Sears, GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 741 Mrs. A. W. Tripp, “ A. M. Worth, Miss Julia H. Almy, “ M. K. Almy, “ Nellie F. Brown, Miss Katie Brownell, Miss Belle F. Cushman, “ Nellie J. Butterick, “ Ahby P. Ellis, “ K. H. Chadwick, “ Mary W. Mathews, “ Bessie T. Chapman, “ Mary P. Pierce, “ Mary Commerford, “ E. F. Porter, ALTO. Mrs. J. T. Butterick, Mrs. Chas. F. Mickell, “ Chas. H. Clark, “ Eliza R. Shuman, “ H. M. Collins, “ M. P. Sampson, “ Geo. B. Hammond, Miss Emily T. Brown, “ Geo. B. Hathaway, “ M. E. Chase, “ H. R. Jenney, Miss Amelia F. Cole, “ Kate Commerford, “ Nellie S. Craigie, “ Ella M. Ellis, “ Sarah F. Hitch, TENOR. C. H. Briggs, Stephen Crowell, Chas. F. Davis, W. A. Dunne, James I. Church, Wendell H. Cobb, S. H. Dudley, S. K. Eaton, J. Eaton, Jr., J. M. Murchre, H. Wilder Emerson, H. P. Pierce, B. F. Jenney, T. B. Pratt, J. S. Morison- BASS. L. B. Ellis, Jno. Freedom, Wm. A. Nash, Eben. Nye, Chas. Searell, W. C. Sylvester, Miss Harriet E. Rooth, “ Mary Frank Swift, “ Susan Tobey, “ Annie Tripp, “ C. L. Tripp. Miss C. D. Jenney, “ Mary Lincoln, “ Alice B. Nye, “ P. D. Snow, “ Georgie Taylor. B. F. H. Reed, W. K. Tallman, Chas. W. Underwood. E. G. Tallman, E. B. Tinkham, F. H. Vinal. 97. HANDEL AND HAYDN SOCIETY,* BOSTON, MASS. Dr. J. Baxter Upham, President; Orren J. Faxon, Vice-President ; Loring B. Barnes, Secretary; George W. Palmer, Treasurer; George H. Chick- ering. Librarian; Carl Zerrahn, Musical Director ; B. J. Lang, Organist. SOPRANO. Mrs. L. G. Allen, Mrs. M. H. Hill, Mrs. A. A. Pope, Miss L. B. A twill “ R. L. Andrews, “ J. B. Howard, “ S. B. Prentiss, Annie Babson, “ C. R. Bancroft, tt L. B. Humphrey, “ J. W. Roberts, “ S. Badger, It A. Beardslee, A. S. Kelly, “ 0. L. Roberts, S. J. Beal, it W. L. Braddock, it M. B. Kem, “ L. Rundlett, It M. C. Bird, ti S. M. Brown, a J. B. Kimball, “ R. W. Sargent, “ Nellie Bird, il Wm. Brown, . tt C. Lackey, “ C. Seabury, it A. A. Bray, it G. E. Bruce, tt E. Lloyd, “ J. G. Smith, A. E. Brigham, “ J. P. Carle ton, a M. J. Lord, “ S. M. R. Spalding, tt A. C. Brown, “ J. A. Carr, tt C. W. Lovell, “ S. C. Squires, “ L. L. Brown, “ W. P. Cobum, tt H. C. Maynard, “ C. Sylvester, “ N. M. Browne, ti H. Conkey, “ E. H. Miller, “ S. E. Vogel, tt E. Bugbee, “ E. 0. Cook, “ S. A. Morgan, “ S. W. Waitt, tt E. Bullen, “ A. G. Cushing, “ E. B. Moulton, “ H. E. Waterman, M. J. Bullen, “ E. G. Davis, “ Chas. Munroe, “ E. Y. White, “ A. Burnham, “ E. B. Delano, “ E. A. Munroe, “ N. M. Whiting, tt E. E. Burnham. “ M. E. Dewey, “ J. W. Munroe, “ F. P. Whitney, “ Mary Burton, (( Lizzie Dodge, “ M. E. Munroe, “ H. Wilde, tt M. Butterfield, (( M. A. G. Fuller, “ C. Nason, “ S. L. Wilder, it L. A. Buttrick, R. F. Gilkey, “ E. Nasson, “ F. M. Williams, “ E. F. Clark, “ M. A. Grant, G. H. Oakes, Miss M. E. Adams, it M. 0. Coffin, J. N. Hatch, A. M. Perkins, “ S. E. G. Adams, it A. Collins, Wm. Hawes, “ M. B. Perkins, “ A. B. Alexander, u A. F. Crane, J. R. Higgins, tt E. Pike, “ M. AJlen, “ M. H. Crocker, * As stated in the “History of the Jubilee,” the Handel and Haydn Society were the one hundred and second organization which reported to the Superintendent of the Chorus, but they appear the ninety-seventh in order here, owing to the rejection of five societies for failure in numbers or proper reports, or absorption into other organizations. — Ed. 742 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. Miss E. Curtis, Miss Etta Hayward, Miss C. E. Osgood, Miss S. B. Stickney, “ R. C. Dana, “ F. S. Hayward, “ W. Osgood, “ H. Stoddard, “ S. J. Daniels, (( A. M. Ilodsdon, ll J. 0. Page, “ E. R. Sylvester, “ M. A. Davis, (( E. M. Holt, “ L. M. Peabody, “ H. II. Taylor, “ M. A. Dole, “ E. Homer, “ L. Perkins, “ J. Taylor, “ L. A. Dunham, B. F. Hutchinson, “ M. E. Pierce, 1 ‘ L. P. Taylor, “ C.M. Dunning, “ F. P. Hutchinson, “ L. J. Pool, “ E. Tinkham, “ M. L. Elliot, ll It. Kidder, “ Lizzie C. Pope, “ Sarah Tozier, “ A. M. Elwell, “ H. M. Kimball, (( M. A. Putnam, “ Mattie Tracey, “ E. Evans, “ Eunice Lambert, “ Harriet De Ribas, “ E. C. Treadwell, “ S. C. Fisher, “ C. M. Lathrop, “ E. G. Richardson, “ M. F Tuckerman, “ L. Flagg, “ A. Lincoln, ll J. Robinson, 11 A M. Vose, “ N. S. Fox, “ M. A. Manning, “ J. Rosenberger, “ E L. Wallace, “ A. M. Franklin, “ S. E. Manning, “ E. M. Shapleigh, “ L. A. Walton, “ F. Frost, “ L. Mayo, “ H. E. Shapleigh, “ S. Wells, “ E. F. Fuller, ll W. S. McGowan, “ M. C. Sheldon, 11 Fannie West, “ E. A. Gage, “ M. A. Mellen, “ S. Shorey, “ L. A. Wheeler, “ N. L. Garland, “ S. M. Merrill, “ H. M. Smith, “ S. M. Wheeler, “ L. A. Giles, “ E. F. Merritt, “ J. A. Smith, “ lone Wheelwright, “ E. Goodwin, “ J. Milliken, ll A. Spencer, “ E. Wilson, “ C. Gray, “ May Milliken, ll H. Spokesfield, “ Mary Win ward, “ Clara Greaves, “ L. Mooney, “ A. F. Stanley, “ C. H. Wood, “ M. Hadley, “ Lizzie Morris, “ A. M. Stevens,. “ S. Woodman, “ G. M. Harris, “ A. C. Haslett, Lizzie Norton, “ ALTO. A. B. Stevenson, “ H. M. Woodward. Mrs. H. E. Bacon, Mrs M. A. Ryerson, Miss C. Elliott, Miss P. Munroe, “ E. Bradbury, “ M. M. Smith, “ J. M. Evans, “ C. Nolan, “ E. L. Carnes, “ J. Swett, “ M. C. Farmer, “ E. R. Packard, “ B. Carr, it A. Very, “ A. LI. Ferrin, “ S. H. Palfrey, “ A. Caswell, “ W. H. Wadleigh, “ A. F. Foss, “ C. L. Parsons, “ W. P. Chase, a D. Waters, “ A. Gaffrey, “ E. E. Perkins, “ 0. F. Clark, “ W. H. Wheeler, A. C. Gill, 11 M. E Pierce, “ C. Cobh, n G. H. Willie, “ A. M. Granger, “ C. J. Poole, “ M. E. Cole, a A. E. Wood, “ Gertrude L. Guild, “ L. B. Poole, “ C. E. Cook, Miss Mary Adams, “ H. M. Haines, “ H. Putnam, “ L. A. B. Curtis, “ M. S. Adams, ll A. Hall, “ C. Rea, “ V. G. Davis, “ S. M. Adams, “ C. D. Ham, “ M. A. Reed, “ E. Dennis, u S. S. Adams, “ E. W. Harrington, “ E. Richardson, “ S. Drake, a M. H. Alexander, “ S. D. Harrison, “ E. T. Robinson, “ Harriet Dwyer, “ A. A. Atwill, “ M. J. Haslett, “ H. A. Robinson, “ H. Farrington, “ E. L. Baldwin, “ Emma Hathaway, “ Jennie E. Robinson “ Edward Fay, “ G. Ballard, “ C. W. Hawes, “ J. F. Robinson, “ G. E. Foster, n S. M. Bennison, “ H. F. Hawkes, “ A. E. Safford, “ E. J. Frost, “ A. Bickford, Cl S. F. Haynes, “ A. N. Salford, “ W. D. Hay, “ A. T. Bicknell, “ Emma V. Hayter, “ 0. R. Sampson, “ B. W. Hayes, “ C. L. Bicknell, S. L. Heath, “ A. Stone, “ H. E. Holt, “ C. E. Bird, u S. M. Higgins, “ A. C. Taylor, “ J. A. Houston, a E. Boott, ll F. A. Holder, “ C. A. Taylor, “ A. Howard, “ G. A. Bridges, ft G. Hopkinson, “ Jennie Taylor, “ F. Hussey, a M. T. Buntin, “ Agnes Hunter, “ H. Temple, “ S. E. Laselle, “ L. M. Butts, “ Lizzie Hunter, “ J. B. Thomas, “ J. H. Low, “ L. Cazmay, “ M. C. Jackson, “ E. UnderhiU, “ R. M. Lowell, “ E. Chisholm, ll R. R. Josselyn, “ S. L. L. Waterman, “ L. B. Meston, “ C. Christie, “ A. G. Lathrop, “ A. Watson, “ S. A. Nye, “ H. Christie, ll Julia M. Lincoln, “ H. M. Weed, “ H. Page, “ M. T. Conant, “ F. C. Low, “ Julia Wells, “ S. G. Parsons, “ Lizzie Cragin, V. A. Mason, “ J. W. Weymouth, “ J. B. Prentiss, “ H. A. Cummings, “ M. J. McManus, “ B. Wiggin, “ K. H. Rametti, “ Sophia Cutting, “ II. M. Millen, “ S. Willard, “ H. P. Reed, “ D. Danforth, il C. A. Morrill, “ H. Wilkins, “ H. N. Roaf, “ E. F. Rowe, « A. Dennis, M. C. Edes, it E. J. Morse, “ Mary Win ward. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 743 TENOR, C. R. Abell, B. F. Dymond, M. Johnson, C. C. Poole, C H. Adams, W. N. Eayrs, John Kennedy, J. W. Porter, P. S. Allen, F. T. Eustis, F. V. B. Kern, T. F. Reed, T. W. Atkinson, Edw. Faxon, C. F. King, W. B. Rice, S. B. Ball, Geo. Fisher, Geo. P. Laselle, W. W. Richards, H. W. Barry, R. B. Fisher, E. F. Law, J. S. Robinson, J. C. Bartlett, C. E. Fuller, J. A. Leonard, R. S. Rundlett, Horace Bird, G. W. Garland, D. P. Lincoln, J. Sharp, J. Borrowscale, W. H. Gay, W. H. Lovering N. S. Shattuck, Russell Bowne, D. M. Grant, Wm. Lynch, G. N. Spear, H. M. Brown, L. H. Gurney, M. J. Mandell, Edw. Stan wood, Calvin Bullard, Thos. Hall, A. W. Merriam, J. H. Stickney, Andrew Burton, S. C. Harris, C. J. Merrill, Henry Stone, P. A. Butler, James Harrod, E. S. Metcalf, Hubert Stone, W. P. Butler, Edw. Haskell, C. A. Mooar, C. T. Sylvester, M. Carpenter, B. W. Hayes, J. W. Munroe, J. A. Thompson, S. S. Chase, W. G. Hayward, Spencer Nolan, S. L. Thorndike, E. S. Clark, ' A. K. Hebard, C. B. Norton, W. H. Wadleigh, R. H. Clouston, Chas. Henderson, Jr., E. E. Otis, G. W. C. Washburn, H. A. Coffin, Geo. Hews, F. E. Paine, S. N. Watson, A. B. Cole, G. J. Hobbs, G. W. Palmer, G. H. Wentworth, B. Cory, John E. Hobbs, S. G. Parsons, B. Wheat, C. H. Danforth, T. H. Holland, A. Pendergrass, D. W. Wiswell, E. C. Daniell, J. C. Hosmer, A. F. Perkins, W. D. Wiswell, B. B. Davis, J. A. Houston, H. J. Perkins, G. H. Wood, Wm. Dodd, S. Jennison, R. G. Perry, Isaac Woodward. F. Dodge, C. H. Johnson, A. F. Poole, BASS. L. B. Adams, E. A. Burbank, T. H. Emmons, J. D. Kent, Henry Allen, C. A. Burditt, J. P. Estabrook, E. A. Kimball, J. D. Andrews, W. M. Byrnes, W. C. Eustis, Wm. Kurtz, H. 0. Apthorp, F. A. Carpenter, R. F. Evans, W. Langley, J. M. Atwood, Geo. P. Carter, J. S. Farlow, J. Lathrop, J. H. Badger, Sami. Carter, E. D. Faulkner, G. W. Lawrence, W. T. Barry, T. H. Chadwick, J. B. Fiske, D. L. Laws, B. F. Baker, Regis Chauvenet, T. B. Fitts, L. Leach, E. L. Balch, J. Q. Chase, C. F. Folsom, F. II. Lee, J. R. Baldwin, G. H. Chickering, W. H Freeman, A. M. Leonard, A. M. Barnes, J. E. Clark, G. E. Gamage, J. P. Lewis, L. B. Barnes, 0. F. Clark, G. L. Gardner, Wm. Liddell, H. H. Beach, H. Conkey, C. W. Goddard, J. M. Lincoln, G. C. Beckwith, H. A. Cook, Ozias Goodwin, N. Lincoln, W. W. Bemis, # E. T. Cowdrey J. W. Green, Jr., G. W. Lindsey, A. T. Bennett, L. S. Cragin, L. B. Gwyer, D. C. Long, J. T. Bicknell, J. T. Croft, S. H. 0. Hadley, E. J. Long, A. 0. Bigelow, Fred. Dame, E. L. Haley, A. Lothrop, Jos. Bird, C. G. Dana, Barlow Hall, 0. B. Lothrop, W. B. Bothamly, Wm. Daniels, J. Hamblett, Jr., R. M. Lowell, C. C. Bourne, A. M. Davis, C. R. Hatch, G. C. Mann, D. Bowker, W. S. Deane, Wm. Hawes, G. F. Mansfield, C. B. Bradbury, E. B. Dearborn, E. H. Higley, L. W. Mason, W. F. Bradbury, F. R. Drake, Jr., J. E. R. Hill, L. B. Masten, G. H. Bradford, M. Draper, Jr., H. E. Holt, A. H. McKenney, F. J. Brazier, J. T. Drown, R. H. Hooper, G. H. Meader, G. 0. Brigham, J. G. Duffy, G. W. Hunnewell, S. P. Merriam, A. P. Brown, M. P. Eayres, W. J. Hy TENORS. , David Moor, W. Marston, P. C. Hutchins, G. Brown, Maurice Zinoti, G. W. Metcalf, S. Conant, F. C. Stevens, F. A. Dunham, W. S. Williams, T. A. Dunham, S. Woods, R. Gilpatrick, H. Allendorf, J. Critchley, A. Bunton, J. Maguire, R. Forsaith, T. Crowley, S. F. Merrill, TROMBONES. Samuel Stedman, ■E. Coffin, A P. Thompson, V. Rogassi, II. E. Meserve, C. Harris Oscar Gomm, J. R. Stead, BASS TROMBONES. W. Lydston, S. C. Denton, J. E. Hobson, Samuel Whiteley, B. Battles, C. Kramer, BARITONES. Walter Burnett, Geo. II. Brown, J. Norton, E. Humphries, W. II Faxon, C. Graff, A. Parsons, H. Duchworth, E. Hederson, 753 E Dickinson, Walter Frost, Fred Brooks, Jesse (Jpham, Joseph Bates, Henry Barnard, E. Horton, Chas. Danforth, John Ryerson, M. L. Ripley. P. Mehein, B. Lynch, Z. M. Allen, J. Gardner, J. II. Lincoln, W. M. Heyward, E. Daniels, M. Fish, G. 0. Sullivan, J Bamford, W. U. Bickford. W. S. Sprague, H. Carl. F. Nickel, J. Ballerio, W. Connor, W. F. Greene, S. Cain, Wm. W Raymond, B. Hill, C. Parker, W. Wilcox, A. Martin, C. 0. Bosworth, Orin Bacon, J. Lucia. C A. Holden, John Parkhurst, P. Brennan, William Dnnn. E. Briggs, R. 0. Wemell. A. Burrell, J. Woodhead, W. T. Cary, A. Buchanner, L. Soule. 48 754 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. BASS TUBAS. P. W. Rounds, J. S. Loud, M. Holmes, H. E. Hartwell, W. Campbell, J. M. Bullard, G. E Sturt, W. Keyes, A. Very, B. Greene, A. S. Glover, F. Doring, John Dunbar, G L Woodman, John Porter, II. Voigt, Thos. Princhard, J. Caldcrwood, C. Profin, Fred. Wolf. A. P. Boyce, Geo. W. Merrill, J. Huntress, A. J. Lawrence, Thos. Davis, J. Plummer,. G. Herbert, J. II. Nickerson, N. G. Burleigh, -Karl, P. II Fall, E. R. Sprague, A. Bruno, P. Backer, C. Mamert, C. Weber, Ed. Boden, H A. Follansbee, N Nichols, F. B. Fuller, Fred Bryden, J. Davis, P. Cunningham, C. B. Williams, Ed. Muller G. Chase, J. Dwire, A. Hoffman, J. H. Kingman, H Priest, C. Bassett, M. Serra, J. G. Locke, II. Mills, W. II Stetson, H. Weston, E B. Center, Jas. Small, A. Burrell, F. Adams. F Hoyt, J. Davenport, F. L. Barnard, SNARE DRUMS. J. C. Harrington, Albert Adams, S. E. Perkins, W. Libby, A. L. Dickerson, J. T. Morse, E. It. Wade, M. Dudon, F. M. Kelly, W. Barker, F. Ilearman, G. Baker, James Green, W. Demorey, T. M. Barrows, J. A. Neal, Geo. Laws, J. H. Moor, Wm. W. Penniman, G. W. Quinby. H. Johnston, W. H. Hall, BASS DRUMS. James Kimball, Jonas Peirce, Fred. Graff, J. Blanchard, Chas Fosler, G. II. Kimball, J. B. Emms, C. H. Brigham, R. F. Gerald, W. Ii. Davis, G. Kingsbury, J. Kane, E French, M. Gerry, T. Peering, L. E. Leonard. J. Mees, F. P. Marshall, CYMBALS AND TRIANGLES. R. C. Spink, Richard Daly, W. 0. Connor, N. F. Hunt, Asa Tyler, B. F. Quinby, II. Porter, W. Batcheller, J. C Sheafe, G. Wilbur, A. Dame, R Hitchcock, T. W. Way land, F. Batchelder, J. Guald, G. F. Soule. H. Foster, Frank Kellog, RECAPITULATION OF ORCHESTRA AND MILITARY BAND. ORCHESTRA. MILITARY BAND 1st Violins .... . 121 Piccolos and Flutes .... . 21 2d Violins .... . 101 E b Clarionets. 11 Violas. . 80 B b Clarionets. . 43 Violoncellos 60 Oboes and Fagottos. 11 Contra Basso . 61 E b Cornets. . 44 Piccolos and Flutes . 16 B b Cornets. 81 Oboes. . 12 E b Alto Horns. . 54 Clarionets . . 12 Alto and French Horns .... 12 Fagot tos .... . 8 B b Tenors. . 39 Trumpets 12 Trombones. 18 French Horns . 16 Bass Trombones. . 10 Trombones 12 Baritones. 21 Tubas. . 4 Bass Tubas. . 63 Tympanis.... 4 Snare Drums. 22 Small Drums . 4 Bass Drums. . 18 Bass Drums 2 Cymbals and Triangles .... 18 1 625 486 Total number of instruments and performers .... 1,011 GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL. 755 Boston, April 4, 1870. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir, — In compliance with your request I herewith furnish you with the names of the officers* of the Battery of Artillery employed by you in a portion of the Jubilee music. I have taken the liberty of prefacing the same with a few facts connected with this part of the working force, which may be of some use or interest to you. It was during the month of March, 1869, that you first communicated to me your desire that I should furnish and command what I will designate as the ‘Artillery Chorus,’ which was to consist of at least twelve pieces, to be discharged by electricity from the conductor’s stand. My own battery was composed of six rifled 10-pounder Parrott guns. To make up the required number I called upon Captain Edward E. Currier, commanding the 4th Battery of Light Artillery, M. V. M., located in Malden, whose company was armed with four guns of the same calibre, to co-operate with me. The force was completed by a loan of two pieces from the Massachusetts Arsenal at Cam¬ bridge, through the courtesy of Adjutant-General James A. Cunningham. The two latter were to be officered and manned by details from my company. The preparation and management of the electrical machinery were, at the same time, intrusted by you to Mr. H. Julius Smith, of this city, a gentleman of extensive experience in such matters. After one or two trials, he devised an application of wires to the common cannon-primer, by which it could be con¬ nected with the wires leading to the electric battery, and, as was proved, exploded with a certainty and rapidity which left nothing to be desired. From the first you expressed the desire that every arrangement connected with the artillery should be made with all possible care, and the effect expected from its use was only attainable by the skilful preparation and management of the apparatus used in discharging the guns. I take much pleasure, therefore, in saying, that from the time that I first communicated with Air. Smith until the firing of the last gun on the I7tli of June, that gentleman manifested the hearti¬ est interest in everything pertaining to this portion of the programme, and omitted nothing which his ingenuity could suggest or his skill accomplish. With his assistants, he was on duty every day while the guns were in use. The ground selected for the battery was on the west side of the Coliseum, nearly opposite the centre of the same and on the same level. It was arranged in an elliptical form, presenting a front of about seventy-five feet, and distant from the building about one hundred feet. The time occupied by the report in reaching the centre of the building was less than half a second. The guns were first placed in position on Tuesday, June 15th, at two o’clock, p. m., and, as your contract with me required, were to be loaded as soon as fired, no matter when that might be. Although this manner of discharging the guns was, to all concerned, a novel one, and called for the exercise of great coolness on the part of the cannoneers, 1 am happy to say that to none of them happened an accident during the per¬ formance of the duty. As to the effect of the artillery I can only say that, after a few trials by the person presiding at the key-board of the electric battery, the accuracy of the * Mr. Gilmore also applied for the names of the non-commissioned officers and privates, hut conld not obtain them. 756 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. notes could not, in my opinion, have been surpassed, and of the hundreds of primers used, not more than iive failed to explode at the proper time. The charge of powder used was lbs. I leave to you the enumeration of the pieces participated in by the guns, and the consideration of the strictly musical effects produced by them, only adding, that every officer and man of the entire command will always remember with much pleasure the part he sustained in the Jubilee. The names of the officers are as follows : — / Commander. Capt. Charles W. Baxter, 2d Light Battery, M. V. M. Adjutant. 1st Lieut, and Adjt. N. T. Apollonio, 2d Light Battery, M. V. M. M Light Battcmj, M. V. M., 8 guns. Commanded by 1st Lieut. Charles W. Beal. 1st Lieut. H. J. Hooton, 2d Lieut. T. J. Tute, .... 2d Lieut. B. F. Treadwell, . A non-commissioned officer. Chiefs of sections. jth Light Battery, M. V. M., j guns. Commanded by Capt. Edward E. Currier. 1st Lieut. Wm. H. Howe, 2d Lieut. Charles 0. Boyd, Chiefs of sections. Adjutant E. A. Yale of the 4th Battery was in charge of the line of limbers containing the ammunition. The gun detachments were composed of a sergeant and seven men, making a total of over one hundred officers and men on duty, June 15th, 16th, and 17th. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, CHARLES W. BAXTER, Captain commanding 2d Light Battery, M. V. M. Cannon should rarely be introduced in Musical Festivals. — There is no denying the fact that the boom of the cannon added immensely to tire effect of the national airs and popular pieces in which the guns were introduced during the Jubilee; at the same time Mr. Gilmore would enter a strong protest against using such “instruments” in musical festivals except upon very rare occasions. The principal objection is, the danger attending gun-firing. Powder and elec¬ tricity combined are very fickle agents to deal with, and there is no knowing what accidents might occur through carelessness in their use. Stand clear from the muzzle the moment the electric fuze is placed in the vent, and permit no person under any circumstances to pass in front until the gun is discharged or the con¬ nection broken. Cannon were first fired by electricity, as an accompaniment to music, at a grand national concert given by Mr. Gilmore in New Orleans on the 22d of February, 1864. GREAT MUSICAL FESTIVAL 757 Boston, May 23, 1870. P. S. Gilmore, Esq. Dear Sir,— The following are the names of the one hundred firemen who “played” upon the anvils in the “Anvil Chorus” at the Peace Jubilee. Respectfully yours, Thomas P. Bagley, Foreman Engine No. J. D. H. Jones, L. B. Webber, C.C. Cooper, D. Cowen, H. GUI, J. Watkins, G. W. Brown, W. H. Godfrey, A. G. Turner, J. R. Yendell, A. C. Keene, R. H. Gould, J. Fenno, B. H. Stinson, B. L. Randall, T. Gowen, E. Fish, J. Shannon, R. J. Hinckley, W. Norris, G. Crafts, B. P. Stowell, G. W. Frost, N. C. Cogley, C. Blake, A. H. Peters, J. H. RandaU, C. Jones, T. Goulding, C. H. Baldwin, J. Schmidens, T. C. Soesman, C. Smith, H. Merritt, F. A. Upton, L. L. CasweU, C. Dunton, L. Briggs, G. Fogg, J. Brown, J. H. Clark, T. P. Bagley, E. Whitney, M. A. Jones, J. H. Colley, C. E. Wadleigh, A. Cross, T. Doyle, J. Chabot, J. S. King, F. L. Coates, J. Weston, E Shapleigh, E. Whitehead, H. Daniels, A. Pratt, W. Childs, J. Davis, L. G. Newman, H. L. Bartlett, T. J. Munroe, D. S. Knights, A. H. Perry, G. W. Gerrish, E. Snow, G. L. Pike, W. E. Hamlet, S. S. Gowen, C. L. Rosemore, M. H. Hathaway, H. S. Kendall, H. F. Young, G. E. Onok, J. Brophield, G. W. Hood, C. R. Classen, B. Burgess, T. Merritt, 2d, J. Boss, W. E. Richardson, I. W. Hall, J. H. Weston, T. A. Scott, R. G. PhiUips, F. C. Pratt, C. E. Pearson, S. S. Hartshorn, H. Bowers, A. Atwood, J. M. Colby, G. A. Tucker, G. R. Williams, G. Warren, E. A. Misner, A. J. Smith, E. Witherell, J. Stimpson, J. W. Campbell, J. G. Phillips, J. H. Baxter. DOORKEEPERS AT THE COLISEUM DURING THE JUBILEE, UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF COLONEL J. H. FARWELL. Fred. C. Ingalls, Truman Bartlett, R. L. Mosely, J. A. Hildreth, G. A. Morse, John A. Pingree, T. M. Moriarty, Thomas Shaw, Warren Norton, Geo. L. Bean, Geo. I. Paul, J. W. Gleason, D. F. French, Danl. W. Andrews, W. E. Easterbrook, John II. Roberts, T. A. Bowden, B. A. Waitt, Fred. P. Ingalls, C. C. Chase, F. C Hills, Leonard Wesson, E. Oliver, Chas. W. Clapp. USHERS AT THE COLISEUM DURING THE JUBILEE, UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF HOWARD L. HAYFORD. Albert Cobb, J. H. Hicks, C. II. Johnson, E. B. Keene, C. R. Tuck, G. Pierce, F. A. Harden, F. Ellis, N. C. BusweU, C. T. Lincoln, G. G. Spear, J. M. Carter, H. K. White, B. F. Prescott, F. H. Underwood, Jr. T. J. Hartshorn, W. W. Mason, L. P. Rowland, W. L Bonney, W. P. Tilden, T. Woodman, G. W. Brooks, C.F. King, C. H. Upham, B. F. Barnes, D. Kwinkelenberg, K. Smith, J. T. Rea, W. R. Howe, H. J. Burton, E. C. Haraden, W. Matthews, G. E. Litchfield, J. M. Weld, G. II. Hartshorn, J. J. Munroe, N. H. Chadwick, C. E. Bruce H. J. Vinal, W. B. Clark, W. L. Burt, H. Mercer, W. C. Eustis, G. Hutchins, G. H. Poole, F. H. Butterworth, J. G. Trask, J. E. Goodwin. E. B. Putnam, E. A. Savage, 758 NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE. GOD SAVE OUR UNION! BY P. S. GILMORE. 1 . dob sane our tanb at tl)e portal, (Huarb our laub toell; ?Blcss us wit!) reason Peace to maintain, |ianisl) all treason Jarom our bomain. a. Oalm all commotion 2tl)at mag arise; Increase beootion, jg>trcngtl)cn onr ties; |Binb in communion One migljtg banb : (Hob sane our Union J (Hob saj>e our lanb ! FINIS. > r GETTY CENTER LIBRARY 3 3125 00977 9774