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YALE ORIENTAL SERIES 
 
 BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 Volume II 
 
 PUBLISHED ON THE FOUNDATION 
 ESTABLISHED IN MEMORY OF 
 ALEXANDER KOHUT 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
YALE ORIENTAL SERIES. BABYLONIAN TEXTS Vol. II 
 
 Early Babylonian Letters 
 
 from 
 
 LARS A 
 
 HENRY FREDERICK LUTZ, Ph.D. 
 
 NEW HAVEN: YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS 
 LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD 
 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 
 MDCCCCXVI I 
 
Copyright, 1917, by 
 Yale University Press 
 
 Published, August, 1917 
 
THE ALEXANDER KOHUT MEMORIAL 
 PUBLICATION FUND. 
 
 The present volume is the first work published by the Yale University Press 
 on the Alexander Kohut Memorial Publication Fund. This Foundation was estab- 
 lished October 13, 1915, by a gift to Yale University from members of his family 
 for the purpose of enabling scholars to publish texts and monographs in the Semitic 
 field of research. 
 
 The Reverend Alexander Kohut, Ph.D. (Leipzig), a distinguished Oriental 
 scholar, in whose memory the Fund has been established, was born in Hungary, 
 April 22, 1842, of a noted family of rabbis. When pastor of the Congregation 
 Ahavath Chesed in New York City, he became one of the founders of the Jewish 
 Theological Seminary, and was a professor in that institution until his death. He 
 was a noted pulpit orator, able to discourse with equal mastery in three languages. 
 Among his contributions to Semitic learning is the monumental work Aruch Com- 
 pletum, an encyclopaedic dictionary of the Talmud, in eight volumes. Semitic and 
 Oriental scholars have honored his memory by inscribing to him a volume of Semitic 
 Studies (Berlin, 1897). 
 
To My Teacher 
 
 PROFESSOR A. T. CLAY, Ph.D., LL.D. 
 
 IN 
 
 Deep Gratitude 
 This Volume is Dedicated 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 In the summer of 1914 the Curator of the Babylonian Collection of Yale 
 University, Professor A. T. Clay, assigned to me the work of publishing letters 
 belonging to the First Dynasty of Babylon. The original plan was that the work 
 should not stop by merely editing the texts, but that with the text-edition there 
 should go hand in hand the transliteration and translation of each autographed letter. 
 My departure from New Haven since then, however, has interfered with the original 
 plan. As the tablets which engage me at present at the Pennsylvania University 
 Museum are of the same general order, i. e., epistolary literature, I hope that 
 time will permit me in a not too distant future to give full transliterations and 
 translations of all the Yale letters here published. 
 
 My thanks are due to Professor A. T. Clay for his kind assistance and his 
 valuable suggestions during the preparation of this volume; and it affords me the 
 highest pleasure, as an expression of appreciation and gratitude, to dedicate this 
 volume to him. 
 
 Henry Frederick Lutz 
 

 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 Page 
 
 Introduction 1 
 
 Transliterations and Translations 7 
 
 I. A letter containing an order for seed and grain (Text No. 143) 7 
 
 II. A request to abstain from giving occasion for legal proceedings until 
 
 the arrival of the writer (No. 7) 7 
 
 III. The writer announces that he has taken notice of the content of a 
 
 letter written to him, and he makes a request for flour, garments 
 and oil (No. 106) 8 
 
 IV. The letter communicates that the writer has become involved in a 
 
 law-suit. He requests the addressees not to start on a journey that 
 
 year (No. 134) 9 
 
 V. An order for reed-baskets (No. 121) 9 
 
 VI. A letter concerning the distribution of profit-shares (No. 92) 10 
 
 VII. An order to purchase three slaves for the writer (No. 124) 11 
 
 VIII. Concerning a cargo of sand (No. 22) 11 
 
 IX. A letter transmitting the decision of the court at Babylon in matters 
 
 referring to a dowry (No. 25) 12 
 
 X. A reply, in which the writer expresses his willingness to redeem a 
 
 ship (No. 139) 12 
 
 XI. An order for ships and sailors (No. 36) 13 
 
 XII. Concerning the adoption of a youth, who had been disinherited and 
 
 had deserted his parental home (No. 50) 13 
 
 XIII. A statement in reference to different sales of grain (No. 110) 14 
 
 XIV. A grain-order for troops (No. 8) 15 
 
 XV. An order for wool (No. 102) 15 
 
 XVI. A letter containing a request to take care of a cargo of grain, which 
 
 will soon arrive (No. 3) 15 
 
 XVII. Concerns the payment of money (No. 12) 16 
 
 XVIII. Concerns the purchase of a slave-maid (No. 149) 16 
 
 XIX. A report of the weight of certain grain (No. 94) 17 
 
 (xi) 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 xii 
 
 Page 
 
 XX. An order for the sale of grain (No. 13) 18 
 
 XXI. A request to act as a caravan-leader (No. 10) 18 
 
 XXII. A request for the immediate removal of oxen and sheep (No. 83) .... 19 
 
 XXIII. An inquiry concerning sheep which had been ordered away from a 
 
 certain field by the governor of the canal-zone (No. 114) 19 
 
 XXIV. A plaintiff’s statement to the judge that the defendant has entirely 
 
 complied with his demands (No. 6) 20 
 
 XXV. A request to send a young man (No. 87) 21 
 
 XXVI. An assurance that the addressee shall not suffer loss on account of 
 
 disputed grain (No. 70) 21 
 
 XXVII. A request to send a bronze pot (No. 81) 22 
 
 XXVIII. Contains an appeal to good sisterly relations, a complaint for not 
 having granted a reduction in price, a reminder of unfulfilled 
 promises, a willingness on the part of the writer to furnish a cer- 
 tain thing, and an announcement that he despatches some one to 
 
 get drink and food (No. 15) 22 
 
 XXIX. A request to return a run-away messenger and his brother to the 
 
 writer (No. 62) 23 
 
 XXX. Contains a demand for the restitution of a stone tablet, an announce- 
 ment of a retaliatory measure, and an inquiry into a certain action 
 
 of the addressee (No. 63) 24 
 
 XXXI. A letter informing the addressee what he is to reply to another man’s 
 inquiry concerning a present. The second part of the letter 
 entreats the recipient to give special attention to a person who 
 
 has set his mind on something that is not proper (No. 1) 25 
 
 XXXII. Concerning a wedding-gift and a present for the parental home 
 
 (No. 45) 27 
 
 XXXIII. A royal request that the moon-god shall be taken away from a city, 
 
 and that, moreover, a war prisoner shall be redeemed (No. 32) . . 27 
 
 Name-Lists 29 
 
 A. Personal names 29 
 
 B. List of countries, cities, villages, walls, rivers, canals 34 
 
 C. Names of gods 35 
 
 List of Letters 38 
 
 Autographed texts 
 
 Halftone reproductions 
 
 Plates I to LV 
 
 Plates LVI and LVII 
 
EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS 
 FROM LARSA 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The present volume contains one hundred and fifty-two official and private 
 letters found in the Babylonian Collection of Yale University. These letters, without 
 exception, were written in the classical age of Babylonian history (ca. 2000 B. C.). 
 Most of the tablets, from which the copies were made, are unbaked and a large 
 number are in rather a poor state of preservation. Various reasons may be assigned 
 for this condition, among which is the fact that many of the letters are probably 
 the first drafts, which were preserved as copies for filing purposes. Another reason 
 for their poor preservation will be found in the transient value of letters in general. 
 In most cases after a letter had been read by the recipient, it had accomplished its 
 mission, and little further interest was attached to it; hence was thrown away. 
 Only in those few cases where the sender expressly notified the receiver tup-pi HI, 
 i. e. “keep my letter,” or as possible evidence, was a letter preserved. 
 
 Practically all these letters come from the mounds at Senkereh, which repre- 
 sents the site of the ancient city of Larsa (Ellasar of Gen. 14:1). This is borne out 
 by the fact that most of them were acquired by the Yale Collection together with 
 a large number of business and legal contracts, which bear Larsa dates. A few 
 tablets were added later to the Collection, while the writer was engaged in copying 
 and studying the material. The provenance of them could not be ascertained from 
 the dealers. 
 
 In a few cases internal evidence corroborates the above, that the provenance 
 is Senkereh. No. 94:6 betrays its place of origin by the date: SA MU E diDgir IM SA 
 LTD.UNU kl BA-DU, “The year in which the temple of Adad was built in Larsa.” 1 
 The writer of Letter No. 49, as well as of No. 110, is obviously identical with the one 
 of Letter No. 94, as all three letters are addressed ana belia, “to my lord,” for whom 
 Sili-Shamash, the writer, discharges in every instance affairs concerning business in 
 grain. The writer’s identity in this case would point to Larsa also in regard to Nos. 
 49 and 110. The evidence in case of Letter No. 143 is plain. The writer, here, informs 
 his addressees, who live in Tubliash, that Larsa ki lu(m ) salim, “Larsa indeed is well.” 
 
 1 Dr. Grice of the Yale Babylonian Seminar, who is studying documents from Larsa, 
 informs me that this date belongs to the reign of Rim-Sin. 
 
2 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 These letters are apparently such duplicates of letters, referred to above, which had 
 been preserved in the archives at Larsa for reference. If Prof. Ungnad’s conjecture 
 is right that Emutbalum is probably “Gesammtbezeichnung des Besitzstandes von 
 Larsa;” then also Letter No. 134 bears the mark of coming from Larsa. “ Matum ” 
 in line 9 is later on in the letter named “ Iamutbalum .” The situation pictured in the 
 letter seems to be the following. The writer had made a journey to Iamutbalum 
 and while there, he became involved in a law-suit. This suit was obviously a case 
 of “an individual versus the state.” This is clear from the verb which is employed: 
 “matum dububcit .” This condition causes the writer to admonish the addressees 
 not to follow him thither, as had been prearranged, but to remain at home. 
 
 Letter No. 6 is an original, which was sent to Larsa. The addressee is Sin- 
 idinnam, who doubtless is to be identified with the “great and loyal feudatory” of 
 Hammurabi. The reason for ascribing this letter to the archives of the well-known 
 governor of Larsa is the fact that Sin-idinnam is asked to render a verdict in a pend- 
 ing law-suit. Sin-idinnam thus is asked in the letter to act as judge, in which 
 capacity he frequently acted. 2 
 
 Letter No. 82 would also bear evidence of coming from Larsa, if the writer, who 
 addresses his letter ana belia, “to my lord,” is, again, the governor Sin-idinnam. 
 In that case “my lord” would be Hammurabi himself. It should be stated, how- 
 ever, that while ana belia is a form of address of royalty at this period as well as of 
 later periods, most letters with such an address are sent by servants to their masters, 
 subalterns to higher officials, or by women to their husbands. 3 The phrase occurring 
 in lines 22 and 23 of this letter: hi-tu-um a-na pa-ni be-li u-ul i-pa-ri-ik, i. e., “crime 
 against my lord has not been committed” ( i-pa-ri-ik , a defective niphal for ipparik), 
 strengthens the supposition that the writer is to be identified with the governor, who 
 again functioned as judge. 
 
 The occurrence, also, of the name Balmunamhe, written also Balmenamhi, 
 Udbalnamhe and in the diminutive form, Bala, in Letters No. 7, 13, 77 and 96, is 
 another indication that the material came from Larsa. This name is found very 
 frequently on business documents in the Yale Collection, whose provenance is 
 Larsa. 
 
 While the cases are few which corroborate the external evidence of Larsa as 
 the place of discovery, there is, on the other hand, not the least evidence to show 
 that the letters came from any other site. 
 
 2 See King, Letters and Inscriptions of Hammurabi, pi. 18, No. 11; pi. 32, No. 19. 
 
 3 See Ungnad, Babylonian Letters of the Hammurabi Period, UMBS, Vol. VII, Introduc- 
 tion, p. 10. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 3 
 
 In only a few cases can the reign to which these letters belong be determined. 
 This is due to the fact that few names of this period from dated documents, from 
 this section of the country, have been published. Even if we had long lists of names 
 it would still remain a difficult task to ascertain the dates, as family names are very 
 seldom given in letters. In a few cases only can the use of old signs be employed 
 as a criterion to determine the reign, for as Ungnad has correctly observed, “we will 
 find young and old forms of signs even in the same letter, which fact clearly shows, 
 that the old forms are merely artificial ones.” 4 As stated above No. 94 is dated 
 in the reign of Rim-Sin. Letters Nos. 6, 19, 32 and 82 can be fixed as belonging to 
 the reign of Hammurabi. Nos. 6 and 82 are letters, the former addressed to, the 
 latter sent by Sin-idinnam, as stated above. Letter No. 19 mentions both Ham- 
 murabi and Sin-idinnam, while No. 32 is a letter of the king. Outside of these, no 
 attempt is made to indicate the probable reign of the tablets, as such an endeavor 
 would be too precarious. 
 
 Most of the present letters refer to business matters, and seem to have belonged 
 to the archives of the temple. Letters of administrative, judicial, military and 
 purely private or social content, are less frequent among them. 
 
 The contents of the letters in only a small number of cases add anything new 
 to the already furnished data of the legal and business contracts. In many cases 
 their contents are even uninteresting. To use Otto Weber’s expression 5 in some- 
 what different meaning, the Babylonian letters are “Kraut- und Ruebenbriefe.” 
 But we should expect no more from the antique than from the modern letter. Both 
 are due to the necessity of the moment and their interest generally is but for the 
 moment. They do not belong to the realm of belles-lettres, but nevertheless, for 
 purely linguistic purposes, no one would dispense with this field of “literature.” 
 
 The following is a list of letters which have come from the same writer, 
 addressed to one and the same addressee. 
 
 Nabi-’Shamash n Marduk-nasir, Nos. 11; 14; 125; 127 and 144. 
 
 ''Anu-mubalit Ea-sulul-su, Nos. 18 and 60. 
 
 Idin-Urra Sin-magir, Nos. 116; 121 and 128. 
 
 Sin-iqisham Nur- n Adad, Nos. 23; 56and91(?). 
 
 Belia Sili-'Shamash, Nos. 49; 94 and 110. 
 
 Dada u ’‘Sin-uzili .... Sheib-'Sin, Nos. 112 and 134. 
 
 Belshunu AShamash-hasir, Nos. 20; 28; 51; 58; 85; 99; 103; 137; 
 
 142. 
 
 4 Ungnad, ibidem, Introduction, p. 10. 
 
 5 Literatur der Babylonier und Assyrer, p. 264. 
 
4 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 The addressee of Letter No. 97, who is here named sabirini, "our governor,” and who 
 receives that letter from Sin-shamuh and others, is perhaps the writer of the letter 
 No. 92, namely, Gimillum, who on his part addressed his letter to Sin-Samuh, 
 il Adad-sarrum, Sunatum, Sili-' l I)amkina u madutim . 6 
 
 Interesting among the present material is No. 131, as it is the only letter of 
 the lot that has a seal-impression on the tablet itself. In this tablet is also found 
 the only case where the names of witnesses are recorded. No. 130, although no 
 letter, has been added for the sake of convenience. The envelopes of only three 
 letters are preserved, No. 15, 147, and YBC 6826. The envelope of No. 147 has 
 a splendid seal-impression (see Plate LVI). No. 6826 (see Plate LVI) for the present, 
 remains unopened, this being a beautiful example of a sealed letter. 
 
 Attention should be called to the writing in Letter No. 1 of the name of the 
 goddess "Il-Ishtar, perhaps to be read "Il-Ashirta or ‘'Il-Ashratu. As the writing 
 occurs twice in line 5, as well as in line 37, there remains no doubt that it is another 
 example of the West-Semitic custom of actually pronouncing bs “god” as a prefix 
 
 to the names of deities, 7 like El-Shaddai (HIP bsj, El-Elyon (jV>^ *>«), i] Ilu-we-ir 
 ’AXcupos), ‘‘Il-Hallabu, °I1-Kanshan, "Il-Tammesh and '‘Il-Tehri. The 
 reading of the first Dingir sign in this letter for Arm or El is excluded here, 
 although in the oath-formulas of business and legal documents it is often to be read 
 thus. The position of Shamash in this case as third god in the formula of greeting 
 already excludes the reading: Anu il Ishtar il Shamash, etc., since it is the established 
 custom in letters to name Shamash first except, however, when the city god of the 
 writer is introduced in the greeting. This city god takes first place and Shamash 
 follows, but Shamash never takes the third place. 
 
 In the forthcoming third part of Vol. XI of UMBS, the double determinative 
 for god is also found in a school exercise recording two names. While No. 46 reads: 
 lu- dingir Nisaba, there occurs in No. 47 the reading: lu- dineiT Dingir-Nisaba. This 
 school tablet clearly differentiates between both divine elements. As the tablet 
 elongs to a series which records Sumerian names it gives the first impression that 
 No. 47 contains the dual form, in consideration of the gloss in jCT XXV, pi. 6, line 
 25 and the fact that there were actually two Nisabas, or at least two manifestations 
 of that goddess. But it seems to the writer merely accidental that in this particular 
 case such an explanation might be given by some scholar. It is exceedingly more 
 
 6 That madutim in this connection (79:1; 92:5; 96:4; 97:3) is no personal name, but has 
 the meaning of “and others,” is assured by its position, i. e., it always stands at the end of 
 the list of names. 
 
 7 See Clay, Miscellaneous Inscriptions , p. 98. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 5 
 
 probable that also here the West-Semitic custom has been preserved, and that in 
 spite of the fact that this occurs in a series of school texts of Sumerian personal 
 names. The teacher while writing down as a model the name Lu- di ' wir Nisaba, by 
 some association of thoughts becomes aware of the fact that this name has a West 
 Semitic counterpart and put it down in writing, though not phonetically. No. 47, 
 therefore, is to be read: Amel- il Il plus the name of a West Semitic vegetation god 
 or goddess; if not, what is also probable, the Sumerian name has been directly 
 taken over. 
 
 Mention may be made here also of the discovery of the name Abraham in its 
 full form in cuneiform. Professor Ungnad of Jena recently found Babylonian forms 
 of the name Abram, written A-ba-ra-ma, A-ba-am-ra-ma, and A-ba-am-ra-am , 8 which 
 he regarded as exact reproductions of the patriarch’s name. In Letter No. 15, there 
 occurs for the first time the fuller form of the name written A-ba-ra-ha-am. In dis- 
 cussing the question whether the name was Babylonian or foreign, Ungnad called 
 attention to the second element rama as not being found in Babylonian names; and 
 yet he offered two arguments to show that it probably was Babylonian, namely the 
 ending am in abam, and the fact that the father of his “Abram” bears a good Baby- 
 lonian name, i. e., Awil-Ishtar. He further gave the probable meaning of the name 
 to be “he loves the father;” the second element being derived from the Babylonian 
 verb ramu “to love.” 9 
 
 The writer concurs with Ungnad in deriving the form from the Semitic stem 
 ramu, but not with the view that the name is Babylonian. In the latter case it could 
 hardly be translated “he loves the father.” In form, the second element resembles 
 the permansive, which is not found among the forms from the root ramu used in 
 native Babylonian names; e. g., iram (preterite) in Sarru-napisti-iram, Ninib-sa- 
 kun-na-i-ra-viu, or ra’im (participle) in Ra-im-kit-ti, Sin-ra-im-zer, etc. The fact 
 is, where the supposed permansive ram(a) occurs, the names are generally foreign, 
 e. g., Asur-kina-ra-am, Sahamil-ra-ma, etc., which occur in the Cappadocian tablets, 
 Ra-ma-ilu, etc., which is West Semitic. The use of the mimmation in connection 
 with the first element ending in the vowel a, as in a-ba-am, does not imply that it is 
 accusative, but that the scribe heard the pronunciation aba, and knew that this was 
 a complete element. As regards the contention that the name is Babylonian because 
 Abram’s father’s name was Awil-Ishtar, we need only refer to names of father and 
 son in the Murashu Documents. 10 Here we find that Aq-bi-J a-a-ma was the son 
 
 8 V orderasiatische Schriftdenkmaler, Heft VII, 92:6, 13; 198:12, 18. 
 
 9 See Sunday School Times, January 22, 1910. 
 
 10 See Clay, Business Documents of the Murashu Sons, UMBS, Vol. II. 
 
6 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 of Bau-etir (89:3); Ba-rik(rak)-ku-Ja-a-ma, the son of Bel-su-nu (53:13); Ma-at-ta- 
 nu-nu-J a-a-ma, the son of Bel-uballit (53:12); Rab-bi-El, the son of N abu-zer-iddina 
 (158:21, 22); that is, we find here sons bearing West Semitic names, while the 
 fathers have Babylonian names. This points to mixed marriages, or it shows that 
 the Jews in Babylonia had actually adopted Babylonian names; and later their 
 children were given names from their West Semitic home. 
 
 It was possible, as long as the newly found name was not known, to maintain 
 with many scholars that the name Abram (D“iDK) contains the element D“i “high” 
 (compare, e. g., names like DVi^DK “my father is good,” or Nabu-na’id, “Nebo is 
 exalted”). Since the appearance, however, of A-ba-ra-ha-am this explanation must 
 give way to another. 
 
 The writer maintains that D“DN, A-ba-ra-ma, A-ba-am-ra-ma, A-ba-am-ra-am, 
 and the newly found A-ba-ra-ha-am stand for one and the same name. It is further 
 maintained that they are all foreign renderings of a West Semitic name DmDK, 
 which means “Ab (or the father) has loved.” 11 The seemingly Hebrew D“iDK is 
 really not Hebrew in form, but is rather to be explained as a Babylonian form of 
 DrnnK; i. e., the West Semitic Dm has passed into the Babylonian rcimu. West 
 Semitic, like other foreign names, were written generally as their pronunciation 
 was heard by the Babylonians. The natural Babylonian equivalent of Hebrew 
 DrrDN, would be a-ba-ra-am, etc., yet the name might have been heard as pro- 
 nounced with the stronger guttural n =h. Again, this guttural is sometimes found 
 in Babylonian names of West Semitic origin as the reproduction of the much 
 weaker “; see the examples below. At all events the scribe, who wrote A-ba-ra- 
 ha-am reproduced more accurately the foreign name, A-ba-ra-ma , etc., being Baby- 
 lonian forms. This leaves the Old Testament name Abraham (written with ”) 
 still to be explained. 
 
 It might be argued that A-ba-ra-ha-am is the Babylonian equivalent of the 
 Hebrew DiTiDN, as in not a few cases West Semitic n is represented in the cuneiform 
 writing by h; e. g., in'* in l 'J a-a-hu-u-la-ki-im, ll J a-hu-u-na-ta-nu; Tin in Ri-ib-ha- 
 ad-da; DiT in iahabi; m?K in ilahi, etc. But not a single name with Dm as an element 
 in all the tens of thousands known Semitic names has been found. There is also 
 no West Semitic root Dm. The reference to Arabic rahavia “to sprinkle, to rain 
 steadily, to be numerous,” is too precarious to be considered. 
 
 It seems to the writer that a reasonable theory of the origin of DiTiDN is that 
 after the name had been reintroduced in the West in its Babylonian form, the 
 
 11 Compare ^Dm" 1 of the Old Testament written Iepa^eaA in the LXX. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 7 
 
 writing of it was then subject to the usual variation seen in foreign names, and in 
 consequence it was rendered in more than one way, including the orthography with 
 
 n (compare the Aramaic am for p*l; and rUD 1 ’ for pa 1 * and ntSH for pt^Vn intheMesha 
 Inscription). Finally, a narrator or redactor, wishing to find a prophetic signifi- 
 cance in the name, introduced the far-fetched play on words (Genesis 17, 5), giving 
 the QH of DiYON a connection with the word pan “multitude.” 
 
 Translations of Selected Texts. 
 
 I. (No. 143) 
 
 A letter containing an order for seed and grain. 
 
 A-na A-ri-um-wa-qar u A-bil- l Samas 
 qi- hi- ma 
 
 um-ma Ib-ku-sa-ma 
 
 ll Samas u ll Tispak as-su-mi-ia 
 5 li-ba-al-li-tu-ku-nu-ti 
 ll Tispak it Tuplias kl sa-lim 
 Larsa kl lu(m ) sa-lim 
 ki-ma ti-di-a-a 
 i-na Tuplias kl ali kl 
 10 zi-ru-um u se-um i-ba-as-si 
 sa ll siqlu kaspim 
 bi-ti ka-ri 
 su-ta-si-a-am-ma 
 su-bi-la-nim 
 
 To Arium-waqar and Abil-Shamash, 
 speak : 
 
 Thus says Ibkusha: — 
 
 May Shamash and Tishpak for my sake 
 preserve your life! 
 
 Tishpak and Tupliash are well. 
 
 (May) Larsa indeed be well. 
 
 There is seed and grain, 
 as you know, 
 in Tupliash, the city. 
 
 Take out from 
 the granary 
 
 a I- 3 - shekels of silver worth, 
 and send it. 
 
 II. (No. 7) 
 
 A request to abstain from giving occasion for legal proceedings until the arrival of 
 
 the writer. 
 
 A-na Bal-a 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Ku-ub-bu-ti-ia-ma 
 ll Samas li-ba-al-li-tu-ka 
 5 a-di a-al-la-ka-ak-kum 
 
 To Bala, 
 
 say as follows: — 
 
 Thus says Kubbutia: 
 
 May Shamash keep thee healthy! 
 Until I come to thee, 
 
8 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 m Ta-ri-ba-tum do not give Taribatum an occasion 
 
 la tu-da-ab-ba-a[b] * for legal proceedings. 
 
 III. (No. 106) 
 
 The writer announces that he has taken notice of the content of a letter written to 
 him, and asks that flour, garments and oil be sent to him. 
 
 A-na Si-zi-i u At-ti-ia 
 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Ibiq-nar-kim-hi-ma 
 il Samas u il M arduk li-ba-al-li-tu-ku- 
 nu-ti 
 
 5 as-sum um-ma at-tu-nu-ma 
 a-ha-ka tu-ur-da-am-ma 
 lu-ut-ta-si-ka 
 a-wi-lum u-nu-ut ekallim 
 u-ha-li-iq-ma 
 
 10 1 siqlam kaspirn it-ti sa-su-u 1 
 il-qi-ma 
 
 um-ma a-na-ku-ma a-pu-ul 
 i-na eqli(-li)-ia se-um 
 §a-tu u-ul i-ba-si 
 15 60 qa qemam su-bi-lam 2 
 
 su-ba-ti sa ma-ah-ri-ku-nu-ma 
 
 e-ri-si-ia a-ta-na-la-ak 
 
 To Sizi and Attia, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Ibiq-nar-kimhi: 
 
 May Shamash and M arduk preserve 
 your life! 
 
 Concerning that which you wrote: 
 
 “Send for thy brother so that 
 he may assist thee,” (and) “a man 
 has destroyed the vessels of 
 the temple and 
 took 1 shekel of silver 
 by robbery.” 
 
 I reply as follows: I have taken notice. 
 
 That grain is not in my 
 
 field. 
 
 Send me 60 qa of flour. 
 
 (Regarding) my garments, which are 
 with you, 
 
 I come continually with my request: 
 
 * tudabbab could also be translated “Do not sue.” The translation above, however, is to 
 be preferred, cf. German Zur Ivlage veranlassen. 
 
 1 liqu, in the language of the Code of Hammurabi, is construed with itti of the person of 
 whom something is taken, e. g., kaspam itti tamqarim ilqi, i. e., “he has taken money from 
 the merchant.” In consideration of this fact one is tempted to translate sasu in analogy to 
 
 the meaning which the Semitic pi. Cpw has received in Egyptian. Here we meet with 
 
 the interesting fact, that the Egyptian (due undoubtably to the low esteem in which the 
 Asiatics were held by them, and who rendered the Semitic loanword by sisw,) gave to the 
 word the meaning of “nomads, beduins” (see, Mueller, Aden und Europa, p. 131). While the 
 Babylonian syntax of the period of the First Dynasty would favor a similar translation, it is 
 inconceivable, but not entirely improbable, that the Babylonians would employ the word 
 “plunderer, robber” as a designation of the desert-dwellers. 
 
 2 Su-bi-la-nim should here be expected. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 9 
 
 lu-ba-ar-tam is-ta-a-at 
 su-bi-la-nim 
 
 20 a-ah-ku-nu e-[li]-ia la ta-na-di 
 u-la-nu ba-a-ba a-ha-am 
 i-su-u 
 
 - e qa sarnnarn su-bi-[la]-nwi 
 
 Send me 
 one robe! 
 
 Do not be negligent toward me! 
 You have always 
 another excuse. 
 
 Send me a half of a qa of oil. 
 
 IV. (No. 134) 
 
 The letter communicates that the writer has become implicated in a court pro- 
 ceeding. He requests the addressees not to start on a journey that year. 
 
 A-na Da-da-a 
 
 u u Sin-it-zi-li 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Se-ib-‘Sin-ma 
 5 u Samas it il Ezinu 
 
 as-sum-ia li-ba-al-li-tu-ku-nu-ti 
 is-tu al-li-ka-am 
 du-bu-ba-ku 
 
 it ma-tu-um du-bu-ba-at 
 
 10 sa-at-ta-am la ta-la-ka-ni 
 u a-na J a-mu-ut-ba-li 
 la tu-ra-da-ni 
 a-di a-sa-pa-ra-ku-nu-ti 
 la ta-la-ka-ni 
 
 15 it a-na ali ki su-lim 
 ta-a-ar-ta-am ri-sa-a 
 a-na ki-zi-ku-nu la te-gi-a 
 i-na ga-ti-ku-nu 
 kaspam sight la te-zi-ba-ni 
 
 To Dada, 
 and Sin-uzili, 
 speak as follows: — 
 
 Thus says Seib-Sin: 
 
 May Shamash and Ezinu for my sake 
 keep you well ! 
 
 Since I have gone, 
 
 I am engaged in a law-suit and the 
 country is (likewise) implicated in a legal 
 proceeding. 
 
 You shall not go this year, 
 nor shall you journey 
 to Jamutbalum. 
 
 Until I write to you, 
 you shall not come. 
 
 So return safely (?) 
 to the city. 
 
 Do not be neglectful to your companion. 
 Do not leave the one-sixth of a 
 shekel of silver in your hands. 
 
 V. (No. 121) 
 
 An order for reed-baskets. 
 
 [A-n]a I-din-Ur-ra 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Sin-ma-gir-ma 
 
 To Idin-Urra 
 speak as follows: — 
 Thus says Sin-magir: 
 
10 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 2 pisannu^ un 
 5 a-na il Samas-li-wi-ir 
 i-di-in 
 
 Give 
 
 to Shamash-liwir 
 2 reed-baskets. 
 
 VI. (No. 92) 
 
 A letter concerning the distribution of profit-shares. 
 
 A-na Sin-sa-mu-uh 
 il Adad-sar-rum 
 m Su-na-tum 
 m Sil i- il Dam-ki-na 
 5 u ma-du-tim 
 
 qi- hi- ma 
 
 um-ma Gi-mil-lum 
 il Samas l i-ba-al-li-it-ku-nu-ti 
 ki-ma ta-as-ta-na-am-[mi-e ] 
 
 10 is-tu u-rni arhim 2 kam 
 sabe me ' s a-hi-a-tim 
 sa i-ba-as-su-ii 
 be-li za-za-am iq-bi-i-ma 
 sabe me ' s a-hi-a-tim sa i-ba-as-su-u 
 15 i-na ga-bi be-li-ia 
 as-su-uk-zu-nu-si-im 
 as-su-mi-ku-nu 
 be-li za-za-am iq-bi-a-am-ma 
 a-na be-li-ia ki-a-am aq-bi 
 20 um-ma a-na-ku-ma sabe me ' s a-hi-a-tim 
 sa i-ba-as-su-u li-il-qu-u-ma 
 LU LIBIT ki u-ul a-na-di-is-su-nu-ti 
 u LU LIBIT ki is-tu ar-him 2 kam 
 u-sa-ab-ba-at-su-nu-ti 
 25 a-li-a-nim-ma 
 
 a-wa-ti-ku-nu sa na-si-a-tu-nu 
 ma-har arde mei sarrim su-uk-na 
 
 To Sin-shamuh, 
 
 Adad-sarrum, 
 
 Shunatum, 
 
 Sili-Damkina, 
 and others, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Gimillum: 
 
 May Shamash preserve your life! 
 
 As you have heard, 
 since the second month 
 my master has told me to distribute 
 to the men the equal shares of the 
 profits which are on hand. 
 
 So I put the equal shares of the 
 profits which are on hand, before the 
 men, on account of the order of my lord. 
 On account of you 
 my lord has told me to divide up. 
 
 And to my lord I spoke in this fashion : 
 “Let the men take the equal 
 shares of the profits which are on hand. 
 But the men of the brickyard, I do 
 not give them.” So I hold the brick- 
 layers since two months. 
 
 Come up and 
 
 your case, which you have, 
 
 establish before the servants of the king. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARS A 11 
 
 VII. (No. 124) 
 
 A request to buy three slaves for the writer. 
 
 A-na A-hu-wa-qar 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 uvi-ma A-hu-ni-ma 
 tup-pi an-ni-a-am 
 5 i-na a-ma-ri-im 
 a-nu-um-ma 
 il Samas-ilu 
 a-na si-ri-ka 
 at-tar-dam 
 10 1 ma-na kaspim 
 [ub-ba-la\-kum 
 li-qi-e-ma 
 
 sa 1 ma-na kaspim 
 1 SAG. WAR AD 
 15 2 SAG. GEM 
 sa-ma-am-ma 
 a-na DUG .GAR ki 
 a-na si-ri-ia 
 su-ri-a-am 
 20 ab-bu-tum 
 
 To Ahu-waqar, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Ahuni: 
 
 When thou seest 
 this letter, 
 then I despatch 
 Shamash-ilu 
 unto 
 
 thy presence. 
 
 Take the 
 
 one mine of silver 
 
 he is bringing thee, 
 
 and for the one mine of silver 
 
 buy 
 
 one male slave and 
 
 two female slaves, 
 
 and to the town DUG. GAR, 
 
 unto me, 
 
 cause (them) to be brought, 
 please. 
 
 VIII. (No. 22) 
 Concerning a cargo of sand. 
 
 A-na Si-li- 
 
 qi- bi- [ma] 
 
 um-ma Gi-m[il-lu\m-ma 
 ku-nu-uk-ki-ia an-ni-a-am 
 5 i-na a-ma-ri-ka 
 
 1 elippi-ka i-di-im-ma 
 e-pi-ri it-ti-su 
 li-si-a-am 
 
 To Sili- , 
 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Gimillum: 
 When thou seest 
 my sealed letter 
 give one of thy ships 
 and let sand be brought 
 in it unto me. 
 
12 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 IX. (No. 25) 
 
 A letter transmitting the decision of the court at Babylon in matters referring 
 
 to a dowry. 
 
 A-na Mu-ha-ad-du-um 
 qi- hi- ma 
 
 um-ma daiane me ' s Bdbili ki -ma 
 il Samas u il Marduk li-ba-al-li-tu-ku- 
 nu-ti 
 
 5 as-sum di-nim sa Ilu-su-i-bi-[su] 
 u Ma-at-ta-tum 
 a-wa-ti-su-nu ni-mu-ur 
 di-nam ki-ma si-im-da-at be-li-ni 
 nu-sa-hi-is-su-nu-ti-ma 
 10 mi-im-ma nu-du-un-na-a-am 
 sci Ma-at-ta-tum 
 a-na ma-ar-ti-sa id-di-nu-ma 
 [a-n}a bit Ilu-su-i-bi-su 
 [u]-se-ri-b[u-si] 
 
 15 a-na Ma-at-ta-tum 
 tu-ur-ram ni-iq-bi 
 redam it-ti-sa ni-it-tar-dam 
 mi-im-ma ba-al-ta-am sa i-na-an-na 
 in-na-at-ta-lu 
 a-na Ma-at-ta-tum 
 20 li-id-di-nu 
 
 To the Muhaddu, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus say the judges of Babylon: 
 
 May Shamash and Marduk preserve your 
 life! 
 
 As to matters pertaining to the law- 
 suit of Ilusu-ibisu and Mattatum: 
 
 We have examined their case. 
 
 Judgment according to the law of 
 our lord we have rendered them. 
 
 The entire dowry, 
 which Mattatum 
 gave to her daughter, 
 when she brought her to the 
 house of Ilushu-ibishu, 
 we have said must revert 
 to Mattatum. 
 
 We despatch a sheriff to her. 
 
 Let them give 
 unto Mattatum 
 
 everything in such good condition 
 as it is now beheld. 
 
 X. (No. 139) 
 
 A reply in which the writer expresses his willingness to redeem a ship. 
 
 A-na Da-an-ilu u In-bi-Sin 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Sa-ni-i-ma 
 ll Samas u a Marduk li-ba-al-ii-tu-ku- 
 nu-ti 
 
 5 as-sum elippim sa ta-aq-bi-a-am 
 
 To Dan-ilu and Inbi-Sin, 
 speak as follows: — 
 
 Thus says Sani: 
 
 May Shamash and Marduk keep you 
 well ! 
 
 In regard to the ship about which 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 13 
 
 elippam a-na be-li ta-pa-ta-ar 
 
 tup-pi us-ta-bi-la-ak-kum 
 me-hi-ir tup-pi-ia su-bi-lam-ma 
 a-na tu-ku-ul-ti-ka 
 10 elippam a-na be-li-sa 
 lu- te- ir 
 
 thou hast spoken to me: “Redeem the 
 ship for the possessor,” 
 
 I have sent unto thee my letter. 
 
 Send me an answer to my letter. 
 
 In your trust 
 I may return the ship 
 to its possessor. 
 
 XI. (No. 36) 
 
 A letter containing a demand for ships and sailors. 
 
 A-na a-bi-ia 
 qi- bi- rna 
 
 um-ma A-ba-a-ma 
 lil] Samas li-ba-al-li-it-ka 
 5 a-nu-um-ma m I-din-EN .MUN 
 at-tar-da-ak-kum 
 i? elippe mei 20 gur 
 ga-du ra-ka-bi- 
 
 si-na 
 
 10 na-tu-ti 
 a-na si-ri-ia 
 su-ra-am 
 
 To my father, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Aba: 
 
 May Shamash keep thee healthy! 
 I, now, despatch 
 Idin-ENMUN unto thee. 
 
 Cause to bring unto me ships 
 
 of 20 kors tonnage 
 
 with 
 
 their 
 
 able 
 
 crews. 
 
 XII. (No. 50) 
 
 Concerning the adoption of a youth, who had been disinherited, and who had 
 
 deserted his parental home. 
 
 A-na Mu-na-wi-rum 
 qi- bi- ma 
 um-ma Ti-sa-na-tum-ma 
 as-sum sa ta-as-pur-am um-ma 
 at-ta-ma 
 
 5 Um-mi-na-di-tum su-ha-ra-am 
 a-na li-qu-tim il-qi-e-ma 
 su-ha-rum su-u zi-k[i-i]r-si-ma 
 20 §i-bu-ut a-lim u-pa-ah-hi-ir- 
 sum-ma 
 
 To Munawirum, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Tishanatum: 
 
 In regard to that which thou hast written 
 
 “Ummi-naditum took the boy 
 for adoption. 
 
 That boy calls her (mother) ! 
 
 20 city-elders I assembled for him; 
 
14 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 a-iua-a-ti-su ma-ah-ri-su-nu as-ku- 
 un-ma 
 
 10 as-sum su-ha-[ri-im] su-u zi-ld-ir 
 su-u 
 
 is-tu sattim 3 kam i-na ah-hu-sum 
 at-ta-si-ih-su 
 i-na-an-na il-li-ik 
 u-qa-al-li-il-rna 
 15 um-ma sa-pi-ir narim-ma 
 a-li-ik-ma narkabtam a-pu-ul 
 sa ta-as-pur-am 
 a-na a-wi-lim aq-bi-ma 
 tup-pu-um sa a-wi-lim 
 20 a-na I-din-Sin it-[ta-a]l-kam 
 u-ul i-ta-ar-ma 
 as-sum su-ha-ri-im su-a-ti 
 u-ul u-da-ab-ba-ab-ka 
 
 then I established his case in their pres- 
 ence.” 
 
 As to this youth’s proclamation, 
 
 (I reply) : I had disinherited him 
 three years ago in favor of his 
 brother. Now he has gone. 
 
 He has made light of (it). 
 
 The governor of the canal-zone 
 (wrote) : “Come and return the wagon. 
 That which thou hast written to me 
 I have told the man, 
 and the letter of the man 
 has gone to Idin-Sin. 
 
 He shall not return.” 
 
 I shall not bring legal proceedings 
 against thee in matters referring to that 
 youth. 
 
 XIII. (No. 110) 
 
 A statement in reference to different sales of grain. 
 
 A-na be-li-ia 
 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Si-li- 5 * * * * 10 il Samas-ma 
 
 as-sum se-e-im sa alu Qi-is-ra- il E-a 
 
 5 sa Sin-ma-gir u Ilu-su-ib-ni-[su\ 
 
 il-qu-u sa ta-as-pu-ra-am 
 
 i-mu-u-ma m Gi-mi-lum 
 
 ni-ik-ka-az-zi-su-nu i-pu-su 
 
 30 se gur at-ti-is-su-nu-si-i-im 
 
 10 u i-na bit m N u-ur- il Adad 
 
 ta-aq-bi-a-am-ma 20 gur a-na e-si- 
 di-im 
 
 10 gur a-na si-pi-ir kirim 
 u-si-e-su-nu-si-i-im 
 60 se gur li-qu-u 
 
 To my lord, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Sili-Shamash : 
 
 In reference to the grain of the city of 
 Qishra-Ea, 
 
 which Sin-magir and Ilushu-ibnishu 
 bought, about which thou hast written to 
 me at the time when Gimilum made a 
 settlement of their account: 
 
 I brought them 30 kors of grain, 
 and from the house of Nur-Adad, 
 thou hast told me, went out 
 
 for them 20 kors during the harvest 
 (and) 10 kors for garden-work, 
 
 (thus) receiving 60 kors of grain. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 15 
 
 XIV. (No. 8) 
 
 A grain order for troops. 
 
 A-na Su-nu-um-ilu 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-via Su-mu-um-li-ib-si-ma 
 il Samas li-ba-al-li-tu-ka 
 5 120 qa se-a-am 
 a-na I-li-i-din-nam 
 i-di-in 
 
 se-um a-na sa-bu-tim 
 la ta-ka-la-su 
 
 To Sunum-ilu, 
 speak 
 
 Thus says Shumum-libshi : 
 May Shamash keep thee well! 
 Give 
 
 unto Ili-idinnam 
 120 qa of grain. 
 
 The grain (is) for the troops. 
 Do not withhold it. 
 
 XV. (No. 102) 
 An order for wool. 
 
 A-na Mu-na-wi-rum 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Sin-sar-ru-um 
 A-bil-ja-tum 
 
 5 u I-din-nam-ma 
 
 il Samas li-ba-al-li-it-ka 
 a-nu-um-ma a-na Sin-ma-gir 
 u Be-li-ja-su 
 ni-is-tap-ra-am 
 10 it-ti-su-nu 
 i-zi-iz-ma 
 
 sipatn ?un sa 2 siqlu kaspim 
 li-qi-e-ma 
 
 kaspam a-na Sin-e-ri-ba-am 
 15 i-di-in 
 
 la tu-ur-ra-ak-su 
 
 To Munawirum, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus say Sin-sharrum, 
 
 Abil-jatum 
 
 and Idinnam: 
 
 May Shamash grant thee life! 
 We, now, send for Sin-magir 
 and 
 
 Belijashu. 
 
 Join 
 
 them and 
 purchase wool for 
 two shekels of silver. 
 
 Give the money 
 to Sin-eribarn. 
 
 Do not put him off. 
 
 XVI. (No. 3) 
 
 Containing a request to take care of a cargo of grain, which will soon arrive. 
 
 A-na u To X and Y, 
 
 qi- bi- ma speak: — 
 
 um-ma Lu-mur-sa- il Marduk-ma Thus says Lumur-sha-Marduk : — 
 
16 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES', BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 il Samas li-ba-al-li-tu-ku-nu-ti 
 5 as-sum se-e-im sa SA-Malahu ki 
 a-di is-tu i-na-an-na umu 2 kam 
 elippum i-sa-an-ni-ga-am 
 a-na se-e-im su-a-ti 
 la te-e-gi 
 
 10 pi-ha-at se-e-im su-a-ti e-li-ku-nu-ma 
 
 la ki-ma aq-bu-ku-nu-si-im 
 a-wi-li-e e-is-ha-a-nim 1 
 
 XVII. 
 Concerning the 
 
 A-na Sin-li-ivif-ir? 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma I-li-ra-bi-.ma 
 as-sum ta-as-pu-ra-am 
 5 um-ma at-ta-a-ma 
 
 i-nu-u-ma a-na Ra-bi-kum ki 
 ta-al-la-ku-ma 
 
 su-up-ra-am-ma 10 siqlu kaspim 
 [us]-ta-bi-la-kum 
 
 10 is-tu i-na-an-na a-na umi 5 kam 
 a-na Ra-bi-kum ki 
 pa-nu-ia ka-ak-nu 
 a-nu-um-ma il Samas-ra-bi 
 a-na si-ri-ka 
 15 at-tar-da?n 
 
 10 kiqlu kaspim su-bi-lam-ma 
 
 May Shamash keep you healthy! 
 Concerning the grain of SA-Malahu, 
 as soon as the ship arrives 
 in two days from now, 
 do not be negligent 
 in regard to that grain. 
 
 The responsibility of that grain rests 
 upon you, and 
 (it is) not as I had told you. 
 
 The men have ordered (it). 
 
 (No. 12) 
 
 payment of money. 
 
 To Sin-liwir, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Ili-rabi : 
 
 Concerning that which 
 thou hast written : 
 
 “At the time when thou 
 goest to Rabikum 
 write to me and I shall send unto 
 thee the 10 shekels of silver.” 
 
 Five, days hence 
 my face is turned 
 to Rabikum. 
 
 I, now, despatch 
 Shamash-rabi 
 unto thee. 
 
 Send me the 10 shekels of silver. 
 
 XVIII. (No. 149) 
 
 Concerning the purchase of a female slave. 
 A-na A-bu-wa-qar To Abu-waqar, 
 
 qi- bi- ma speak: — 
 
 um-ma A-hu-wa-qar-ma Thus says Ahu-waqar: 
 
 1 Mistake for ishunim (?). 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 17 
 
 as-sum am-tim 
 5 sa ta-as pu-ra-am 
 sa um-ma at-ta-a-ma 
 a-na si-ir Si-li- il Adad 
 a-li-ik-ma 
 am-tam li-di-kum 
 10 al-li-ik-sum-ma 
 
 um-ma a-na-ku-u-ma 
 . . .-ik?-ta?~. . ,-§u~. . . 
 sa A-bu-wa-qar 
 i§-pu-ur-ra-an-ni 
 15 am-tam id~nam 
 um-ma $u-u-ma 
 i-pa-la-an-ni-ma 
 a-na be-el am-tim 
 la al-li-kam 
 
 20 am-tam a-na ma-am-ma-an 
 u-ul a-na-ad-di-in 
 ma-ar si-ib-ri-ka 
 su-bi-ra-am-ma 
 am-tam li-di-nam 
 25 ab-bu-tum 
 
 In regard to a female slave 
 
 about whom thou hast written to me 
 
 as follows: 
 
 “Go 
 
 to Sili-Adad and 
 
 let him give thee a female slave.” 
 
 I went to him and 
 
 (reply) in the following manner: 
 
 that Abu-waqar 
 wrote to me: 
 
 “Purchase a slave-maid.” 
 
 He (answered) : 
 
 “He shall pay me. 
 
 I did not (yet) go 
 to the slave-owner. 
 
 And the slave-maid I shall give 
 to no one (else).” 
 
 Send over 
 thy messenger, 
 
 and let him purchase the slave-maid. 
 Please. 
 
 XIX. (No. 94) 
 
 A report of the weight of certain grain. 
 
 A-na be-li-ia 
 qi- bi- ma 
 um-ma Si-li- il Sama§-ma 
 se-um sa dimti ka-at-tim 
 5 5 gur ib-ba-a-H 
 
 SA MU E dingiT IM aSA UD. UNU ki 
 BA-DU 
 
 To my lord 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Sili-Shamash : 
 
 The grain at Dimti Kattim 
 is 5 kors. 
 
 In the year in which the temple of Adad 
 in Larsa was built. 
 
18 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 XX. (No. 13) 
 
 An order for the sale of grain. 
 
 A-na N a-bi- il Gu-la 
 u Bal-mu-nam-he 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Sin-a-ia-ba-as-ma 
 5 il Samas li-ba-al-li-it-ku-nu-ti 
 m Ig-mil-Sin 
 u Ba-ak-kum re’um 
 ka-ni-ki it-ba-lu-ni-ku-nu-si-im 
 a-na bi-i ka-ni-ki 
 
 10 se-am i-na se-am nisi I-din-ja-tum 
 su-si-a 
 
 hmi-rna ke-urn i-na se-am nisi I-din- 
 ja-[tum ] 
 la i-ba-as-si 
 
 i-na se-am nisi il M arduk-la-ma-za-su 
 sukallu 
 15 su-si-a 
 
 XXL 
 
 A request to act 
 
 A-na Wa-tar- il Samas 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Ilu-su-ib-ni-su-ma 
 ll Sa/tnas li-ba-al-li-it-ka 
 5 a-nu-um-ma a-na, Sin-mu-us-ta-al 
 tup-pi us-ta-bi-lam 
 tamqare me ' s sa il-li-ku-nim 
 pa-ni-su-nu 
 § a-ab-ta-am-ma 
 10 a-la-kam li-pu-su-nim 
 
 To Nabi-Gula, 
 and Balmunamhe, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Sin-aiabash : 
 
 May Shamash keep you well ! 
 
 Igmil-Sin 
 
 and Bakkum, the shepherd, have 
 brought you my sealed document. 
 According to the wording of the document 
 take out the grain of the supply 
 of the people of Idinjatum. 
 
 If the supply of grain of the 
 
 people of Idinjatum is not on hand, 
 (then) give out some of the 
 
 grain of the people of Marduk-lamazashu 
 the supervisor. 
 
 as a caravan leader. 
 
 To Watar-Shamash, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Ilushu-ibnishu : 
 
 May Shamash keep thee healthy! 
 I, now, send through Sin-mushtal 
 my letter. 
 
 The merchants who have come, 
 lead, 
 
 and let them set out 
 on the journey. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 19 
 
 XXII. (No. 83) 
 
 A request for immediate removal of oxen and sheep, which is probably to be 
 brought into close connection with the result of an oracle mentioned, which 
 may have predicted an hostile incursion, a flood or an outbreak of a plague 
 among cattle in a certain district. 
 
 A-na U-bar-ru-um 
 
 qi- hi- ma 
 um-ma Awel- il Nannar 
 ma-ru-ka-a-ma 
 
 5 a-na Ilu-su-i-bi-su ba-ri-im 
 as-tu-ur-ma 
 um-ma §u-u-ma 
 a-na il N in-gih-zi-da a-tu 
 is-pu-ur-rna um-ma su-ma 
 10 i-na si-ri-im a-mu-ur-ma 
 H-ru-um za-hi-il 
 alp& un u senu ?un 
 a-na kisad nar me Enlil-la 
 i-na-za-hu 
 15 alpe ?un us-ha-zu 
 a-§ar wa-as-ba-a-ta 
 li-zi-zu 
 
 u mi-di an-ni-ki-a-am 
 i-ba-as-ka-a-rna 
 20 al-pi a-na a-li-im 
 
 a-as-im-ma i-na-za-hu-ma 
 pu-ur-tum i-ha-li-ik 
 al-kam-ma pu-ur-ta-am 
 pu-ru-us-ma ta-ru 
 25 ab-bu-tum 
 
 a-wa-tum da-an-na 
 
 To Ubarrum, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Awel-Nannar 
 thy son: 
 
 I wrote to 
 
 Uushu-ibishu, the diviner, 
 and he (replied) : 
 
 “They sent to Ningishzida, 
 the seer. He (said) : 
 
 “I beheld the oracle. 
 
 The oracle is dreadful.” 
 
 They shall remove 
 
 the oxen and the sheep to the 
 
 canal Me-Ellil (water of Ellil) 
 
 The oxen 
 
 may remain 
 where thou art. 
 
 Knowledge shall be to 
 thee at once. 
 
 The oxen I to the city 
 
 they shall (also) remove. 
 
 “A young cow has strayed away.” 
 Well then, restrain the young cow 
 repeating (it). 
 
 Please! 
 
 The matter is urgent. 
 
 XXIII. (No. 114) 
 
 An inquiry concerning sheep which had been ordered away from a certain field 
 
 the governor of the canal-zone. 
 
 A-na Warad- il Samas To Warad-Shamash, 
 
 qi- bi- ma speak: — 
 
 ma 
 
20 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 um-ma W a-tar- il Samas-ma 
 il Samas u il Nergai 
 5 li-ba-al-li-tu-ka 
 
 as-sum eqlirn {lim) sa Li-bi-it-. . . . 
 ki-a-am iq-bi-a-am 
 um-ma su-u-ma 
 is-tu sa-pi-ir na-ri-im 
 10 u-lam-mi-id 
 a-na li-ib-bi 
 eqlim li-zu 
 
 senu* u [ n la in-na-da-a] 
 su-ha-[ru] i-pu-ul-su-[ma\ 
 
 15 um-ma su-u-ma 
 
 mi-im-ma u-ul li-zu-[su-nu-ti] 
 tup-p i us-ta-bi-[la-ak-kum] 
 sum-ma i-na ki-i[t-tim\ 
 a-hi at-[ta] 
 
 20 me-hi-ir tup-pi-[ia] 
 
 sa is-tu sa-pi-ir na-ri-[im ] 
 iq-bu-ma 
 
 senu'- un la in-na-da-a 
 su-bi-lam 
 
 Thus says Watar-Shamash : 
 
 May Shamash and Nergal 
 preserve thy life! 
 
 Concerning the field of Libit-. . . . 
 
 He spoke like this: 
 
 “From 
 
 the governor of the canal-zone 
 he learned: 
 
 Let the neglected sheep 
 be taken from the midst 
 of the field.” 
 
 The boy 
 answered him: 
 
 “Nothing may take them away.” 
 
 I send thee my letter. 
 
 If, in truth, 
 thou art my brother, 
 then send me 
 an answer to my letter, 
 what was said by the governor of the 
 canal-zone 
 of the 
 
 neglected sheep. 
 
 XXIY. (No. 6) 
 
 A plaintiff’s statement to the judge that the defendant had entirely complied 
 
 to his 
 
 A -na S in-i-din-nam 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma il M arduk-mu-sa-lim-ma 
 il Samas u il Marduk li-ba-al-li-tu-ka 
 
 ki-ma ti-du u-ul il Samas-re , u-ti-i-im (?) 
 
 5 e-bi-is si-bu-ti-ia 
 
 i-nu-ma a-sa-pa-ru-sum 1 
 
 demands. 
 
 To Sin-idinnam, 
 speak : — - 
 
 Thus says Marduk-mushalim : 
 
 May Shamash and Marduk preserve thy 
 life! 
 
 As thou knowest Shamash-re’utim not 
 fulfilling my demand, 
 when I wrote to him 
 
 1 Mistake for : as-pu-ra-sum. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 21 
 
 si-bu-ti ma-di-is i-pu-us 
 a-wa-ti-su ina mah-ri-ka 
 li-is-ku-un-ma 
 
 10 di-nam ki-ma si-im-da-at be-li-ia 
 i-sa-ri-is su-hi-iz-zu 
 
 he fully complied with my claim. 
 
 Let his case be established 
 in thy presence, and render judg- 
 ment unto him in just manner accord- 
 ing to the law of my lord. 
 
 XXV. (No. 87) 
 
 A request to send a young man. 
 
 A-na Na-bi- il Samas 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma il A dad-ri-im-i-li-ma 
 
 il Samas li-ba-al-li-it-ka 
 5 [an\-nu-um I-li-gim-la-an-ni 
 [at\-tar-da-ak-kum 
 su-ha-ra-[am\ 
 it-ti I-li-gim-la-an-ni 
 tu-ur-da-am 
 
 To Nabi-Shamash, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Adad-rim-ili : 
 
 May Shamash keep thee well ! 
 This Ili-gimlanni 
 I despatch unto thee. 
 
 Send me 
 a young man 
 with Ili-gimlanni. 
 
 XXVI. (No. 70) 
 
 An assurance that the addressee shall not suffer loss for disputed grain. 
 
 [A-n\a il Samas-li-wi-ir 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 [um-ma] I-li-i-qi-sa-am-ma 
 5 il [Samas ] u [ il Marduk] li-ba-al-li-tu-ka 
 
 as-sum [se] sa I-bi- il Samas ahu-ni 
 
 ta-as-pur-am 
 
 ld-ma ti-du-u a-na se-im an-ni-im. 
 du-ub-bu-ba-a-ku-ma 
 10 u-ul i-pu-us-su 
 
 is-tu i-na-an-na umi 2 
 [la]-ma at-tar-da-am 
 [se]-am a-ap-pa-a§-su 1 
 
 To Shamash-liwir, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Ui-iqisham: 
 
 May Shamash and Marduk keep thee 
 well! 
 
 Concerning the grain of Ibi-Shamash, our 
 brother, 
 
 thou hast written to me. 
 
 As thou knowest for that grain 
 I have gone to law, but 
 he has not complied to it. 
 
 Two days hence, 
 before I shall send, 
 
 I shall pay him the grain. 
 
 In no manner shalt thou suffer loss. 
 
 mi-im-ma la ta-na-zi-iq 
 1 Assimilation of l to following s; a-ap-pa-al-su. 
 
22 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 XXVII. (No. 81) 
 
 A request to send a bronze pot. 
 
 A-na Ba-ba-a 
 qi- hi- ma 
 
 um-ma M u-na-wi-rum-ma 
 ll Samas u il Marduk da-ri-is u-mi 
 5 li-ba-al-li-tu-ki 
 
 a-nu-um-ma Lu-mur-sa- il M arduk 
 at-tar-dam 
 
 1 URUDU SUN su-bi-li-im 
 a-na-ku kaspam URUDU SUN 
 10 u-ta-ra-ak-ki ' 
 
 a-na-ku i-na su-li-mi 
 ka-la-a-ku 
 
 as-sum* i-na ki-it-ti-im 
 ta-ra-am-mi-in 
 
 15 1 URUDU SUN su-bi-li-im 
 
 To Baba, 
 speak — 
 
 Thus says Munawirum: 
 
 May Shamash and Marduk for eternal 
 days keep thee well! 
 
 I, now, despatch 
 Lumur-sha-Marduk. 
 
 Send me one bronze pot. 
 
 I shall restore unto thee the 
 money for the bronze pot. 
 
 I (for the present) am straitened 
 in my circumstances. 
 
 If thou truly 
 dost love me, 
 
 (then) send me one bronze pot. 
 
 XXVIII. (No. 15) 
 
 Contains an appeal to good sisterly relation, a complaint for not having granted a 
 reduction in price, a reminder of unfulfilled promises, a willingness on the part 
 of the writer to furnish a certain thing, and an announcement that he despatches 
 someone to get drink and food. 
 
 A-na El-me-sum 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Si-ru-um-ma 
 il Samas u il TAK E-sa-ra 1 as- 
 sum-ia 
 
 5 da-ri-is u-mi li-ba-al-li-tu-ki 
 at-hu-ta-am ki-a-am su-uk-ni-ma 
 
 lu sa is-tu si-ih-hi-ri-nu-ma 
 
 * Probably mistake for summa. 
 
 1 E-sa-ra = E-sar-ra (Br. 6265) compare: Ninth pir esara; KB III: 162; VI: II ; = BA II 
 203; also comp. KB IV p. 80 Col. IV 1. 1. Esar{r)a is an epithet which the Sumerians 
 applied to “irsitu”, earth; i. e. “Das Welthaus; the house of totality. 
 
 To Elmeshum, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Sirum: 
 
 May Shamash and TAK of Eshara for 
 my sake 
 
 preserve thy life for eternal days! 
 Establish in this fashion the sisterly 
 relation, 
 
 for we have grown up together 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 23 
 
 is-te-ni-es ni-ir-bu-u 
 is-tu i-lam la-ar-si-i 2 
 
 10 ma-ti-ma i-na simim 15 §e kaspim 
 su-mi u-ul ta-ah-su-si 
 u ti-ma-li i-nu-ma ta-li-ki-im 
 A-ba-ra-ha-am el-qi-e-ma 
 a-di te-ki-mi-in-ni 
 
 15 u-ul ta-am-gu-ri 
 
 urrt-ma at-ti-ma ul-la-nu-um 
 ha-at-ta-am davi-qa-am 
 u ka-ta-am u-sa-ba-la-kum 
 u-ul §u-ta-bi-li-im 3 
 
 20 u ki-a-am aq-bi-ki um-ma a-na-ku-ma 
 a-wi-lum A-bi- il Amurrum sa ih-zu-ki 4 
 sum-ma a-am-ri-e 5 ha-se-ih 
 li-is-[pu\-ra-am-ma 5 i? a-am-ri-e 5 
 lu-sa-bi-la-as-su 
 
 25 a-nu-um,-ma it-ti elippim sa-an-nim 
 a-wi-lam at-tar-da-ak-ki 
 ie-ir-bi-i u u-ku-ul-tu 
 §a ^ siqlu kaspim ku-bi-lim 
 i-na an-ni-tim at-hu-ut-ki 
 30 lu-mur 
 
 since we were small. 
 
 Thou hast acquired since a protective 
 genius 2 
 
 Not at all didst thou reduce the 
 price of 15 she of silver, 
 but, yesterday, I took Aba-raham, 
 when thou hadst come. 
 
 Not until thou hadst overcharged me 
 didst thou comply. 
 
 Thou (hast said) : “In the future 
 
 I shall send unto thee good 
 
 and 
 
 Thou didst not cause (it) to be sent. 
 
 But as I have told thee I (say again) 
 
 “If the patrician Abi-Amurrum, who 
 took thee, needs beds, 
 then let him write to me, and I may 
 send him 5 beds. 
 
 I, now, despatch with another ship 
 a man unto thee. 
 
 Send me for l th of a shekel of 
 silver, drink and food. 
 
 May I therein recognize thy 
 sisterly disposition. 
 
 XXIX. (No. 62) 
 
 A request to return a run-away messenger and his brother to the writer. 
 
 A-na a-wi-lim To the patrician, 
 
 qi- bi- ma speak: — 
 
 um-ma A-wi-il- il E-a-ma Thus says Awil-Ea: 
 
 2 istu Ham tarsi literally translated means: thou hast since acquired a god. The phrase 
 contains an idiomatic expression, which is not quite clear. The above rendering is only ten- 
 tative. The “protecting genius” may have reference to Elmeshum’s husband. 
 
 3 su-ta-bi-li-im mistake of scribe for tu-sa-bi-li-im. 
 
 4 ih-zu-ki = “ he took thee” in the sense of “he married thee.” This is very connnon in 
 Old Babylonian. 
 
 5 With a-am-ri-e compare amaru ( isu ), part of a bed; K 164:11; Craig, RT 78:1; 
 78:19 (here plural) ; Maklu V:2. 
 
24 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 il Samas u il Marduk li-ba-al-li-tu-Jca 
 
 5 lu sa-al-ma-ta lu ba-al-ta-ta 
 
 ilu na-si-ir-ka ri-es-ka a-na da-mi- 
 iq-tim 
 
 li- ki- il 
 
 a-na su-ul-mi-ka as-pu-ra-am 
 su-lum-ka ma-har il Samas u il Marduk 
 10 lu da- ri 
 
 m Sin-ra-bi lu redu sa bi-ti-ia 
 ha-li-iq-ma 
 
 [a-na] A-wi-la-tum a-hi-su 
 [ i-na . . . .]kar-lik-ku 
 15 [i-tu-]ur-su-ma 
 id-di-in-su 
 it-ta-la-ak-ma 
 wa-sa-ab-su i-na ali ki 
 ma-ah-ri-ka iq-bu-nim 
 20 ki-ma ra-bu-ti-ka 
 m Sin-ra-bi 
 
 ii A-wi-la-tum a-hi-su 
 a-na ar-du u idf-da-tum 
 pi-qi-id-ma 
 
 25 ma-ah-ri-ia li-iz-za-ni-iq?-su-nu-ti 
 
 May Shamash and Marduk keep thee 
 well ! 
 
 Mayest thou be well and of good health. 
 
 May the god who protects thee, 
 uphold thy head for prosperity! 
 
 I have written to greet thee. 
 
 May thy well-being before Shamash 
 and Marduk endure! 
 
 Sin-rabi, the messenger of my 
 house has disappeared. 
 
 It is said: “they returned him 
 and gave him 
 to Awilatum, his brother, 
 
 in karlikku. 
 
 He departed and 
 his stay is in the city, 
 in thy presence. 
 
 Kindly 
 deliver over 
 
 Sin-rabi and Awilatum, 
 his brother, 
 
 to the servant and , and let 
 
 him arrive with them in my presence. 
 
 XXX. (No. 63) 
 
 Contains a demand for restitution of a stone tablet, an announcement of a retaliatory 
 
 measure, and an inquiry into 
 
 A-na Sin-na-da 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Li-bi-it-ma 
 il Samas u u Sin as-sum-ia li-ba-al-li- 
 tu-ki 
 
 5 ki-ma (?) sum-ma la ka-a-ti 
 pa-ri-is wa-ar-ka-tim 
 la i-su-u u-ul ti-di-e 
 
 a certain action of the addressee. 
 
 To Sin-nada, 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Libit : 
 
 May Shamash and Sin for my sake keep 
 thee healthy! 
 
 As if there had been no explanation 
 to thee about the matter! 
 
 Thou knowest not. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 25 
 
 i-na sa-at-tim an-ni-tim 
 ti-ri-in-ni-i-ma 
 10 na-ra-am su-bi-ri-in-ni 
 si-ba-a-ti a-na pa-ni-ia 
 ib-si-i-ma 
 la a-ha-as 
 
 10 ma-na ri-is 1 m Gi-mil-la-at-Sin 
 15 i-na-ad-di-ig-gi 
 as-sum A-bil- il Ba-u 
 ■sa-su-u sa i-ka-lu 
 ki~ta ma-la ba-aq-qu-ur-ki' 1 2 
 sa sa-a-ti la tu-wa-as-sa-ri-su 
 
 20 a-na si-ir Sin-i-qu-lam 3 
 al-qi-i-ma 
 
 a-na U d-bal-nam-he 
 li-di-ih-hi-ki-i-ma 
 Sag . War ad li-is-ku-na-ak-ki 
 25 a-nu-um-ma m U-tul-Istar 
 at-tar-da-ak-ki-im 
 te-e-im ga-am-ra-am 
 su-up-ri 
 
 Render satisfaction unto me 
 this year and 
 
 hand over the stone tablet to me. 
 
 The things seized 
 belong to me. 
 
 I am in no haste 
 that Gimillat-Sin shall give thee 
 the 10 mines of maintenance money. 
 Concerning Abil-Bau, 
 him who is locked up, 
 as much as there is truth to it, 
 having brought legal action against thee, 
 because thou dost not let him 
 go free, I took 
 to Sin-iqulam. 
 
 Let them bring thee 
 to Udbalnamhe, 
 
 and a servant let them provide for thee. 
 I, now, despatch unto thee 
 Utul-Ishtar. 
 
 Send 
 
 complete information. 
 
 XXXI. (No. 1) 
 
 A letter informing the addressee what he is to reply to another man’s inquiry 
 concerning a present. The second part of the letter entreats the recipient to 
 give special attention to a person who has set his mind on something that is 
 not proper. 
 
 A-na il Sin-ma-gir To Sin-magir 
 
 qi- bi- ma speak! 
 
 um-ma Ib-ku-Istar u Sin-i-tu-ra- Thus say Ibku-Ishtar and Sin-ituram 
 
 am-ma 
 
 1 Ri-is; compare Arabic vis = “Fiille des Unterhaltes, Nahrung,” here perhaps “main- 
 tenance, sustenance (money).” 
 
 2 Mistake for: buqqurki? 
 
 3 See note on this name in List of Personal Names. 
 
26 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 ah- hu- ka- a- . ma 
 5 il Il-Asirta il Samas il Gdl-gdl-la u 
 il Amurru il-ka 
 as-sum-i-ni a-na da-ri-a-tim 
 li- ba- al- li- tu- u- ka 
 m Ha-di-a-me-ir- il amas-ma as-sum 
 ni-di-in-tu-im 1 
 a-na sa-ni-im ir-su-u 
 
 10 u-za-ab-ba-la-an-ni 
 
 a-na i-ta-az-zu-uz-zi a-na sa-si-im 
 a-ah-ka la-a ta-na-an-di 
 di-a-am qi-bi-sum um-ma at-ta-a-ma 
 sa at-ta ga-ba es-ma 
 15 ta-ga-ab-bu-u 
 ia-si-im we-is-tum 
 
 um-ma ga-bu-um-ma i-na ta-ak-lu-u 
 m Ha-di-a-me-ir- il Samas i-na te-ir-tira 
 iz-ba-tu-nim-su 
 
 20 mi-nam ta-mu-ra-an-ni-ma 
 i-na ri-zi-nu um-ma 
 
 te-ir-ti a-na sa-ni-im 
 ta-ad-di-in 
 
 ki-a-am qi-bi-sum-ma 
 25 ar-hi-is i-ip-pa-al-ka 
 
 u a-nu-um-ma m N a-bi-i-li-su 
 a-na la-a-si 2 3 na-ti pa-nu-su sa-ak-nu-u 
 m A-bil-Sin a-wi-lam is-da z -ma-am 
 i-na bi-it il Sin i-na-az-za-ah 
 30 sum-ma na-du-u qi-bi-sum-ma 
 
 thy brother: — 
 
 Il-Ashirta, Shamash, Galgalla and 
 Amurru, thy 
 god, for our sake grant 
 thee life forever! 
 
 Hadiamer-Shamash (tells thee) as fol- 
 lows: “Concerning a present, 
 which they have acquired for another 
 (person) 
 
 they shall send (it) to me. 
 
 In order to be portioned out to him 
 be not negligent (in the matter).” 
 
 Tell him the following information: 
 
 “I have heard the word which 
 thou sayest. 
 
 Trouble is to me (because) 
 the following is the word: “(It is) trust- 
 worthy, 
 
 oh Hadiamer-Shamash, by that (same) 
 order 
 
 they have seized it (already).” 
 
 What dost thou see in me? 
 
 In our (thou hast said) as fol- 
 
 lows : 
 
 “Thou hast given my order to 
 another (person)”. 
 
 Tell him thus and 
 
 he will immediately answer thee. 
 
 And now, Nabi-ilishu 
 has set his mind on what is not proper. 
 He has drugged Abil-Sin, the patrician. 
 He removes from the temple of Sin 
 if he is negligent. Tell him 
 that he must 
 
 1 The writer by mistake first wrote the accusative ending tarn, then he corrected it by 
 adding simply im ( assum nidintim.) 
 
 2 la-a-si contracted from : la-a i-si. 
 
 3 Mistake of scribe for : istamam. 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 27 
 
 sa as-si-im um la-a i-za-ah-hu-ur 4 
 
 u ki-ma m A-bil-Sin nisakkam 5 
 
 go out if he does not change. 
 Furthermore, because thou dost not know 
 Abil-Sin, 
 
 u-ul ti-di-e 
 
 a-na an-ni-tim a-ah-ka 
 
 35 la-a ta-na-aii-di 
 
 il Il-A§irta il Samas il Gal-g dl-la u 
 il Amurru il-ka 
 
 as-sum-i-ni a-na da-ri-a-tim 
 
 li-ba-al-li-tu-u-ka 
 
 the priest of sacrifice, 
 be not negligent in regard 
 to this (person). 
 
 May Il-Ashirta, Shamash, Cfalgalla and 
 Amurru, thy god, 
 for our sake 
 grant thee life forever! 
 
 XXXII. 
 
 (No. 45) 
 
 Concerning a wedding-gift and a present for the parental home. 
 
 A-na I-din-n[am\ 
 qi- bi- [ma] 
 um-ma il Sin-[X-ma\ 
 a-na bit a-wi-[lim\ 
 
 5 a-li-ik-[ma\ 
 
 1 biltam sa 30 [ma-na sipati pisati] 
 u 30 ma-na sipati saplati 
 
 To Idinnam 
 say as follows: 
 
 Thus says Sin-X: — - 
 
 Go to the house 
 
 of the patrician 
 
 and take away for me from 
 
 the house one load of 30 
 
 minas of white wool and 30 
 
 a-na bitim Vim) li-qi-a-am-ma 
 
 30 ma-na sipati pisati 
 
 10 a-na kallati aqarti 
 i-di-in 
 
 30 ma-na sipati saplati 
 a-na bit ab-ba li-si-ri-im-ma 
 i-na ku-nu-uk-ki-[su] 
 
 15 li-ik-nu-uk-[su] 
 
 minas of lower grade wool. 
 
 Give to the highly esteemed 
 bride the thirty minas of 
 white wool. 
 
 Into the parental home 
 introduce the thirty minas of 
 lower grade wool. Let him seal 
 it with his seal. 
 
 XXXIII. 
 
 (No. 32) 
 
 A royal request that the moon-god shall be taken away from a city, and that, more- 
 over, a war prisoner shall be redeemed. 
 
 A-na Lu-us-ta-mar- il Za-md-md To Lushtamar-Zamama 
 
 u Be-la-nu-um 
 
 and Belanum 
 
 4 *inD; for: izahhar. 
 
 
 5 Observe the uncommon ideographic writing: NU . U .AB. 
 
28 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 qi- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma Ha-am-mu-ra-b i-ma 
 5 is ten il Sin a-na DUG.GAR ki li-su-u 
 
 I-ma-ni-nu-um 
 sa na-ak-rum il-qu-u 1 
 10 mana kaspim i-na bit Sin 
 a-na iamqari-su id-na-a-ma 
 10 pu-ut-ra-su 
 
 1 We should expect: sa ilqu-su: 
 
 speak : — 
 
 Thus says Hammurabi : — 
 
 Let them take forth from DUG. GAR one 
 Sin (statue?). 
 
 For Imaninum 
 
 whom the enemy has captured 
 give ten minas of silver out 
 of the temple of Sin to his merchant 
 and redeem him. 
 
 Notes. 
 
 The redemption price here mentioned is exorbitantly high, compared for instance with 
 prices paid for slaves. According to Schwenzner’s Tabelle 8 (Altbabylonisches Wirtschaft- 
 sleben, p. 110) the highest price paid, so far as attested up to the present, for a male slave 
 is 90 shekels, i. e. 1^ 2 mine (CT. VI. 29) ; the lowest price registered is 6 shekels (VS IX. 154). 
 
 § 32 of the Code of Hammurabi refers to a case, which equals this one, where a ran- 
 som is to be paid for either a redu or a ba’iru, who might be captured while in the service 
 of the king. According to this paragraph in the Code it seems to have been customary to 
 place the money matter connected with the ransom into the hands of merchants. If the 
 person to be ransomed was rich, he had to ransom himself, otherwise the obligation for paying 
 the ransom price fell unto the temple of the city of which the ransomed had the right of a 
 native. (“ summa ina bitisu sa patarisu la ibassi ina bit Hi alisu ippattar”, Col. XI. 25-29). 
 The reference in our text to the temple of Sin indicates that, as the ransom price was so 
 excessive, the temple-administration in conformity with a law equal to § 32 was obliged to 
 redeem him. That the crown, however, took an interest in Imaninum shows him to be a 
 person of some importance, perhaps a general of the royal army, or the like. This high 
 station in life of Imaninum would explain the large amount asked for his redemption. 
 
NAME LISTS. 
 
 A. Personal Names. 
 
 Attu: A-at-tu-u; 148:1 
 Aba: A-ba-a; 36:3 
 Aba-raham: A-ba-ra-ha-am; 15:13 
 A bi- il A murrum : A -bi- il M AR.TU; 15: 
 21 
 
 Abi-asdt: A-bi-a-sa-at; 90:3 
 Abil Jl Adad: A-bil- il IM; 41:7; 141:3 
 Abil- il Amurrum: A-bil- il MAR . TU; 95: 
 2; 138:10 
 
 Abil- il Bau: A-bil- il Ba-u; 63:16 
 Abil-ilu: A-bil-AN; 82:6; 82:16; 82:18 
 Abiljatum: A-bil-ja-tum; 102:4 
 Abil-Sin: A-bil-EN.ZU; 1:29; 1:33 
 Abil- il Samas: A-bil- il UD; 2:1; 35:3; 
 
 79:1; 143:1 
 
 A bum-waqar : A -bu- ( um ) -wa-qar; 39:1; 
 86:3; 123:6; 148:3; s. of Warad- 
 Sin: 148:9; 148:17; 149:1; 149:13 
 Add: A-da-a; 41 :1 
 il Adad-eris: il IM-PIN ; 131:1 
 il Adad-nasir : il IM-na-sir; 103:36 
 il Adad~ra. . . il IM-ra- . . . . ; 30:1 
 
 il Adad-rim-ili: il IM-ri-im-i~li; 87:3; 
 
 150:6 
 
 il Adad-sar~ili: il IM-sar-i-li; 64:6 
 il Adad-sarrum: il IM-sar-rum; 92:2 
 Ahurn-Aia: A-hu-um-A-a; 73:3 
 Ahum-waqar: A -hu-(um) -wa-qar; 2:1; 
 89:7; 89:17; 124:1; 129:12 
 
 Ahuni: A-ku-ni; 124:3 
 Ahusina: A-hu-si-na; 98:13 
 Alik-idi: A-li-ik-i-di; 42:20 
 il A murrum-ibnisu : il M A R TU - ib-ni-su ; 
 131:14 
 
 Ali-lumur: A-li-lu-mu-ur ; 95:1 
 il Anu-mubalit: il A-nu-mu-ba-li-it; 18:1; 
 60:1 
 
 Arium-waqar: A-ri-um-wa-qar; 1 143:1 
 Awat- il N annar : Awat- il SES ki ; 100:1 
 Awel- il Nabium: Awel- il Na-bi-um; 111:4 
 Awel- il N annar: Awel- il SES ki ; 83:3 
 Awtl- il Adad: A-wi-iW I M ; 35:1; 113:2 
 Awilatum: A-wi-la-tum; 62:13; 62:22 
 Awil- il Ea: A-wi-il- il E-a; 62:3 
 Awilija: A-wi-li-ja; 71:1 
 Awil-ili: A-wi-il-AN ( i-li ); 29:1; 78:7; 
 128:11; 140:3 
 
 Awil-Istar: A-wi-il-Istar; 48:21; 48:24; 
 95:3 
 
 Awil- il N abium: A-wi-il- il N a-bi-um; 57 : 
 3; 68:3 
 
 Atanah-ili: A-ta-na-ah-i-li; 103:32 
 Attija: At-ti-ja; 106:1 
 Baba: Ba-ba-a; 81:1 
 Bakkum: Ba-ak-kum; 13:7 
 Bala: Bal-a; 7 :1 
 
 Balmenamhi: Bal-me-nam-hi; 96:1 
 Balmunamhe: Bal-mu-nam-he; 13:2; 77 :4 
 
 1 A-ri-um-wa-qar may simply be a mistake of the scribe for A-hu-um-wa-qar. 
 
 (29) 
 
30 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 Bas-ilu: Ba-as-AN; 107:1 
 Belanum: Be-la-nu-um; 32:2; 123:1 
 Bclijasu: Be-li-ja-su; 102:8 
 Belsunu: Be-el-su-nu; 20:1; 28:1; 51:1; 
 58:1; 66:1; 85:1; 99:1; 103:1; 137:1; 
 142:1 
 
 Beltani: Be-el-ta-ni; 53:7; 53:10; 53:17 
 Belt: Be-li-i; 26:1; 150:1 
 Belitia: Be-li-ti-ia; 16:1 
 Bill. . . : Bi-li-. . . ; s. of Ili-ippalza: 
 131 : seal 
 
 Biliam: Bi-li-a-am; 64:9 
 Bilitum: Bi-li -turn; 129:6 
 Dadd: Da-da-a; 17:1; 55:2; 112:1; 134:1 
 Dadaba: Da-da-ba; 101 :3 
 Damqi-ilisu: Dam-qi-i-li-su; 82:12 
 Dan-ilu: Da-an-A N; 139:1 
 Dapinum: Da-pi-nu-um; 33:3 
 Ea-sulul-su: E-a-AN DUE ,-su; 18:2; 
 60:3 
 
 Ea-gdmil: E-a-ga-mil; 108:1 
 Ea-nasir: E-a-na-si-ir; 49:21 
 Ea-sarram: E-a-sar-ra-am; 39:11 
 Ea-sili: E-a-si-li; 77 :2 
 Eku-Urra: E-ku-Ur-ra; 138:1 
 Elmesum: El-me(s)-sum; 15:1; 144:11 
 Elmestum: El-mes-tum; 117:3 
 Erara: E-ra-ra; 9:13 
 Eriri: E-ri-ri; 44:1 
 Eribam: E-ri-ba-am; 40:13; 40:16 
 Eribam-Sin: Eri-ba-am-Sin; 132:3 
 Etel-pi- il Marduk: E-tel-KA J! AM AR . 
 UD; 120:3 
 
 Etel-pi- il A abium: E-tel-KA- il N a-bi-um; 
 71:3 
 
 Gatiluma: Ga-ti-i-lu-ma; 24:3 
 
 Gi, milium: Gi-mi(l)-lum, Gi-vni-el-lum; 
 22-3; 92:7; 110:7 
 
 Gimillat-Sin: Gi-mil-la-at-XXX; 63:14 
 Habil-ahi: Ha-bil-a-hi; 125:4 
 H adi-amer- il Samas : H a-di-a-me-ir il UD; 
 1:9; 1:19 
 
 Hammurabi: Ha-am-mu-ra-bi; 19:30; 
 32:4 
 
 il Hani-musalim: il H a-ni-mu-sa-lim; 47 :9 
 Hdziram (Acc .): Ha-zi-ra-am; 74:5 
 Hazirum: Ha-zi-ru-um; 135:3 
 Hununi: Hu-nu-ni; 147 :9 
 Eoija: I-bi-ja; 73:1 
 
 Ibi- il Ilabrat: I-bi- il NIN .SUBUR; 38:5; 
 78:17 
 
 Ibi-Sin: I-bi-EN.ZU; 19:1 
 Ibi- u Samas: l-bi- n UD; 70:5; 132:1 
 Ibiq-ndrAdmhi: Sig-I d-kim-hi ; 106:3 
 Ibku-Istar: Ib-ku-Istar; 1:3; 69:1 
 Ibkusa: Ib-ku-sa; 2:4; 143:3 
 Ibni- il Adad: Ib-ni- l IM; 68:1 
 Ibni-Ea: Ib-ni-E-a; br. of Ilusu-ibni 
 and s. of I din-. . . . ; 38:8; 38:21 
 I din-. . . . : I -din-. . . . ; f. of Ilusu-ibni 
 and Ibni-Ea: 38 :9 
 Idin- il Adad: I-din-’IM; 93:3 
 Idin-Ea: I-din-E-a; 88:1 
 Idinjatum: I-din-ja-tum; 13:10; 13:12 
 I din- il Amurrum : I-din- l M AR . TU; 
 145:6; 145:14 
 
 Idin-E . MAH (?) : I-din-E MAH 
 c ENf ); 33:10 
 
 Idin-EN .MUN: I-din-E N . M UN; 36 :5 
 Idinnam: I-din-nam ; 45:1; 102:5 
 Idin- il Nana: I-din- il N a-na-a; 48:23; 
 103:27; 131:5 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 31 
 
 I din-Sin: I-din-EN ZU; 50:20; 136:3 
 Idin-Urra: I-din-Ur-ra; 116:1; 121:1; 
 128:1 
 
 Igmatum: Ig-ma-tum; s. of Sin-gdmil; 
 130:14 
 
 Igmil-Sin: Ig-mil-EN .ZU; 13:6; 19:19; 
 37:1 
 
 Ili-abi: I-li-a-bi; 146:10 
 Ili-ahta: I-li-ah-ta; 108:7 
 Ili-gimlanni: I-li-gim-la-an-ni; 87:5; 
 87:8 
 
 Ili-idinnam: I-li-i-din-nam; 8:6; 41:17; 
 146:3 
 
 Ilijatum: I-li-ja-tum; 96:4 
 Ili-ippalzam: I-li-ip-pa-al-za-am; 26:3; 
 
 41:15; 69:3; 117:18; 135:1 
 Ili-iqisam: I -li-i-qi-sa-am; 64:20; 70:3; 
 126:4 
 
 Ilima-abi: I-li-ma-a-bi; 37:20 
 Ili-mutir: I-li-LAH ; 77 :1 
 Ili-rabi: I-li-ra-bi; 12:3 
 Ili-sarram: I-li-sar-ra-am; 49:4 
 Ilu-abia: AN-a-bi-ia; 141 :1 
 
 Ilu-da- : AN -da- ; 57 :1 
 
 Iluma-ile: AN-ma-i-li-e; 17:3 
 Ilusu-bdni: AN-su-ba-ni; 54:2 
 Ilusu-ibni: AN-su-ib-ni; 110:5 
 Ilusu-ibisu: AN-su-i-bi-su; s. of Warad- 
 Sin: 25:5; 25:13; 38:15; 83:5 
 Ilusu-ibnisu: AN-su-ib-ni-su; 10:3; 75:3 
 Ilusu-nasir: AN -su-na-si-ir ; 107:3 
 Iltani: Il-ta-ni; 61 :3 
 Imaninum: I-ma-ni-nu-um; 32:6 
 Imgur- il Dagan: Im-gur- il Da-gan; 138:3 
 I mmun- il M arduk : Im(?) -mu-un (? ) - 
 
 il AMAR. UD; 20:9 
 Inbi-ilisu: In-bi-i-li-su; 40:1 
 
 / nbi- il Sin : In-bi- il EN ZU; 139:1 
 Ini- il Ea: I-ni- il E-a; 101:5; 101:20 
 I ni- il Sin : I -ni- a EN .ZU ; 47:1 
 Iranian: Ir-an-um (or Sanurn?); 152:3 
 Irsia: Ir-si-ia; 53:1 
 Ista: Is-ta-a; 147:1 
 il Istar-sumu: il Istar-su-mu; 26-10 
 Igurum: I-gu-rum; 34:14 
 Jahzir-ilu: J a-ah-zi-ir-AN ; 96:5 
 Kamnia: Ka-am-ni-ia; 79:3 
 KA-sa-Istar: KA-sa-Istar; 152:1 
 KA-sa-Urra: KA-sa-Ur-ra; 24:1 
 il KAS . AM . GAR . RA . . . f; 88 :6 
 
 Ku ; 104:1 
 
 Kubbutia: Ku-ub-bu-ti-ia; 7 :3 
 Kulira. . Ku-li-ra-. . 80:1 
 
 Kunna: Ku-un-na; 31 :1 
 Kurdi-Istar: Kur-di-I star ; 66:3 
 Lalatum: La-la-tum; 100:3 
 Lalutum: La-lu-tum; 48:1 
 Libit: Li-bi-it; 63:3; 114:6 
 Libit-Ea: Li-bi-it-E-a; 33:15 
 Liku- il : Li-ku- il ; 96:3 
 Libur-saduni: Li-bur-sa-du-ni; 54 :4 
 Litilr-Sin: Li-tu-ur-EN .ZU; 2:6 
 Lumur-sa- il M arduk : Lu-mur-sa- 
 il AMAR. UD; 3:3; 81:6; 109:26 
 Lustamar-Sin: Lu-us-ta-mar-EN . Z U; 
 
 103:28 
 
 Lustamar- il Zamdmd: Lu-us-ta-mar- il Za- 
 ma-md; 32:1 
 
 Mattatum: Ma-at-ta-tum; 25:6; 25:11; 
 25:15; 25:19 
 
 Majari: Ma-ja-ri; 98:9; 98:12; 98:16 
 Manum: Ma-a-nu-um; 72-8; 72:9 
 M annum-kima- il A dad: M a-an-nu-um - 
 ki-ma- il IM; 11:31; 125:5 
 
32 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 Mannum-kima- il Samas: Ma-an-nu-um- 
 ki-ma Jl AMAR . UD; 39:9; 39:10; 39: 
 26 
 
 Mar- il Adad: Mar- il IM; 5:5 
 Mdr-D UG . GA R ki ; 52 :35 
 Mar-Larsa ki : Mar-UD ,UNU ki ; 89:3 
 Mar-Istar; 147 :3 
 
 il Marduk- : il AMAR . UD- ; 
 
 11:2 
 
 il Marduk-bani: il AMAR . UD-ba-ni; 
 
 46:4 
 
 il Marduk-lamazasu: il AMAR . UD-la-ma- 
 za-su; 13:14 
 
 il M arduk-mustal: il AM AR .U D-mu-us- 
 ta-al; 98:1 
 
 il Marduk-musalim: il AMAR. UD-mu-sa- 
 lim; 6:3; 34:15; 76:3; 98:3; 137:13 
 il Marduk-nasir: il AMAR. UD-na-si-ir; 
 
 14:3; 95:8; 119:3; 125:2; 127:3; 144:2 
 u Mard uk-ra hi . . .: il AMAR . UD-ra- 
 hi-....; 141:8 
 
 Martu- a Abd: Martu- il A-ba-a; 75:1 
 Masatanim (Gen.) : Ma-sa-ta-ni-im; 78: 
 21 
 
 M uhadd itum : M u-ha-ad-di-tum; 1 03 :34 
 Muhaddum; Mu-ha-ad-du-um; 25:1; 76:1 
 Muhuski: Mu-hu-us-ki; 31:3; 109:7; 
 109:24 
 
 Munawirum: Mu-na-wi-rum; 50:1; 52: 
 2; 81:3; 89:14; 102:1; 103:38; 123:3 
 
 Na ; 14:1 
 
 Namria:...: N a-am-ri-a- . . ; ( PN ?); 
 49:7 
 
 Nabi-Ea: Na-bi-E-a; 38:16 
 
 N abi Jl Gula: Na-bi- il Gu-la; 13:1 
 Nabi-ilisu: Na-bi-i-li-su; 1:27; 55:5; 
 55:12; 55:16 
 
 il N abium-mdlik: il N a-bi-um-ma-lik ; 
 105:3 
 
 il N abium-waqar : il N a-bi-um-wa-qar ; 
 137:15 
 
 Nabi- il Sin: Na-bi- il EN .ZU; 44:3 
 Nabi- il Samas: Na-bi- il UD; 11:1; 53:3; 
 
 87:1; 125:1; 127:1; 144:1 
 il Nahimmi: il N a-hi-im-mi; 112:11 
 Nardm-ilisu: N a-ra-am-i-li-su; 146:12 
 Naramti: Na-ra-am-ti; 146:9 
 il Ningiszida: il NIN-gis-zi-da; 83 :8 
 Nur- il Adad: Nu-ur- il lM; 23:3; 56:3; 
 110:10 
 
 Nur- il Samas: Nu-ur-' l UD ; 5:1; 27:5; 
 
 27:10; 37:21; 113:1 
 Pirhum: UD-hu-um,; 145:1 
 Ribam-ili: Ri-ba-am-i-li; 146:11 
 Rim- d Adad: Ri-im- il IM; 4:26 
 Risa- 1 Marduk: Ri-sa- l AMAR.UD; 34: 
 26 
 
 Sabitum: Sa-bi-tum; 64:3 
 Sarnia: Sa-mi-ia; 59:3 
 Sard: Sa-ni-i; 139:3 
 
 Sin- ; 45:3; 51:11; 84:10; 111: 
 
 1; 144:5 
 
 Sin-aba: EN . ZU-a-ba; 115:8 
 Sin-a bu-kullim : EN Z U-A D-ku-ul-lim; 
 150:13 
 
 Sin-abum: EN . ZU -a-bu-um; 16 :3 ; 
 
 86:2 
 
 Sin-aiabas: EN . Z U-a-ia-ba-as; 13:4 
 il Sin-bel-ili: ll EN . Z U-be-el-i-li; 131:13; 
 131 : seal 
 
 Sin-bilah: EN . Z U-bi-lah; 1 13 :3 
 Sin-dursu: EN . Z U-duf-ur-su? ; 1 50 :24 
 Sin-eribam: EN .ZU-e(i)-ri-ba-am; 4:1; 
 9:1; 102:14 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 33 
 
 Sin-eris: EN.ZU-PIN; 19:1; 67:13; 
 72:3; 88:3 
 
 Sin-galdu: EN .ZU-gal-du; 80:3 
 Sin-gdmil: EN . ZU-ga-mil; f. of Igma- 
 tum: 130:14 
 
 Sin-i : EN.ZU-i- ; 136:1 
 
 Sin-idinnam : EN . Z U -i-din-nam; 6:1; 
 
 19:18; 43:3; 68:8; 74:3; 78:12; 82:2 
 Sin-ilisu: EN . ZU-i-li-su; 38:27 
 Sin-iqisam: EN . ZU-i-qi-sa-am; 23 :1 ; 
 
 40:9; 56:1; 74:1; 91:1 
 Sin-iqulam: EN .ZU-i-ku-lam; 1 63:20 
 Sin-ilu: EN.ZU-AN; 86:16 
 Sin-ismeanni: EN . ZU-is-me- (a)- (an) - 
 ni; 64:1; 150:8 
 
 Sin-imguranni: EN . Z U -im-gur-an-ni; 
 47:3; 82:23 
 
 Sin-ippalzam: EN . Z U -ip-pa-al-za-am; 
 133:9 
 
 Sin-ituram : EN .ZU -i-tu-ra-am; 1 :3 
 Sin-itasu: EN . ZU-i-ta-su; 151:3 
 
 Sin-li : EN .ZTJ-U-. . . 12:1 
 
 Sin-Urik: EN . ZU-li-ri-ik; 95:7 
 Sin-magir: EN . Z U-ma-gir; 1:1; 4 :3 ; 
 27:9; 102:7; 110:5; 116:3; 116:5; 
 121:3; 128:3 
 
 Sin-malik: EN .ZU-ma-lik; 9:12; 29:14 
 il Sin-manse: il EN .ZU-ma-an-se; 118:3 
 Sin-ma-ilu: EN .ZU-ma-AN; 108:3 
 Sin-muballit : EN . Z U -mu-ba-al-li-it ; 
 33:6 
 
 Sin-musalim: EN .ZU-mu-sa-lim; 67:1; 
 150:2 
 
 Sin-mustal: EN . Z U -mu-us-ta-al; 10 :5 ; 
 34:2 
 
 Sin-nada: EN .ZU-na-da; 63:1 
 Sin-natum: EN .ZU-na-tum; 31:5 
 Sin-wedu: EN .ZU-we-du; 19:41 
 Sin-rabi: EN .ZU-ra-bi; 62:11; 62:21 
 U7) Sin-rimeni: {ll) EN . Z U-ri-me-ni ; 86 :1 ; 
 86:9; 131:3 
 
 S in-samuh : EN ZU -sa-mu-uh; 92:1; 
 
 97:3; 107:8; 120:1 
 Sin-sarrum: EN .ZU Aar-rum; 102:3 
 Sin-taiar: EN . ZU-ta-a-a-ar; 37:2 
 Sin-tium: EN . ZU-ti-u-um; 40:15 
 Sin-uzili: EN .ZU-u-zi-li; 55:1; 112:2; 
 
 112:10; 112:41; 134:2 
 Sirum: Si-ru-um; 15:3 
 Sizi: Si-zi-i; 106:1 
 
 Sili- : Si-li- ; 22:1 
 
 Sili- il Adad: Si-li- il IM ; 113:4; 149:7 
 SiliA'Damkina: Si-li ( S il i ) - il Darn-ki-na; 
 54:1; 92:4 
 
 Sili-ilusu: Si-li-AN-su; 82:19 
 Sili- u Sama§: Si-li- il UD; 33:11; 49:3; 
 
 77:8; 94:3; 110:3 
 Sili-Urra: Sili-Ur-ra; 127:7 
 il Siru-qarrad: il SIR-qar-ra-ad; 39:3 
 
 il Samas- ; 49:19 
 
 il Samas-dinam-idi: ll U D-d i-nam-i-d i; 4:7 
 li Samas-edu: il UD-e?-du?-u; 101:14 
 il Samas-hasir: il U D-ha-si-ir ; 9:11; 19:3; 
 20:3; 28:3; 51:3; 51:17; 58:3; 99:3; 
 103:2; 137:3; 142:3 
 il Samas-igmil: il UD-ig-mil; 37:4 
 
 1 In BE Vol. VI, Part 2, No. 33, line 5 (Rev.) the same verbal element appears in the 
 name I-li-i-qu-lam, which Poebel read Ili-ibasar = “Sin will loosen.” The tablet as well as 
 
 the case read plainly Ili-iqulam. The meaning probably is “my god (or in the above case, 
 Sin) has paid attention to me.” 
 
34 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 il Samas-ilu: il UD-AN; 124:7. 
 il Samas-lamazasu: il U D-la-ma-za-su ; 
 84:3 
 
 il Samas-liwir: il UD-li-wi-ir; 38:19; 70:1; 
 121:5 
 
 U S amas-ma : ll U D-ma- ; 
 
 115:3 
 
 il Samas-magir : il U D-ma-gir ; 9:3 
 il Samas-malik: ll UD-ma-lik; 144:25 
 il Samas-mubalit: il UD-mu-ba-li-it; 1 6 :9 ; 
 27:3 
 
 il Samas-nasir: a UD-na-si-ir ; 19:23; 19: 
 
 26; 29:3; 44:8; 113:7 
 il Samas-rabi: il UD-ra-bi; 12:13 
 il Samas-re’utim: il U D-re' u-Li-i-im (? ) ; 
 
 6:5 
 
 Sarrum-klma-ilu: Sar-rum-ki-ma-AN ; 
 95 :6 
 
 Sattia: Sa-at-ti-ia; 133:15 
 
 Sib- il Adad: Si-ib- il IM; 41:3 
 
 Seib- UI) Sin: Se-ib Jil) EN ZU; 48:3; 105: 
 
 7; 105:23; 112:4; 134:4 
 Suit: Su-li; 97 :8 
 
 il Sulpae-bani: tl Sul-pa- UD DU -ba-ni; 
 
 34:6 
 
 Sumi-ahia: Su-mi-a-hi-ia; 27:1; 105:1 
 Sumum-libsi: Su-mu-um-li-ib-si; 8:3 
 Sunatum: Su-na-tum; 92:3 
 Sunum-ilu: Su-nu-um-AN; 8:1 
 
 Sut . . .bil : Su-ut- .... -bil- . . . . ; 49 :20 
 
 T aktisu ( PNf ) : Ta-ak-ti-su; 112:11 
 Taribatum: Ta-ri-ba-tum; 7:6; 42:2 
 Tisanatum: T i-sa-na-tum; 50 :3 
 Ubarrum: U -bar-rum; 83:1 
 Udbalnamhe: Ud-bal-nam-he; 63:22 
 Ummi-naditum: V m-mi-na-di-tum; 50:5 
 Ummitasu: Um-mi-ta-su; 17:25 
 Urra-gamil: Ur-ra-ga-mil; 21 :3 
 U rra-ispiel: Ur-ra-is-pi-el; 67 :3 
 Utul-Istar: U-tul-Istar; 63:25 
 Uzibitum: U-zi-bi-tum; 33:5 
 War ad-Sin: WARAD-EN ZU; f. of 
 
 Ilusu-ibisu: 25:5; f. of Abu-waqar; 
 
 148:10; 148:17 
 
 Warad- il Samas: WARAD- il UD; 2:2; 
 
 79:3; 114:1 
 
 W atar-’Samas: W a-tar- il UD; 10:1; 34 : 
 
 1; 40:3; 101:1; 114:3; 129:4 
 il Zamamd-ilu: il Za-ma-md-AN ; 86:5 
 Zihd: Zi-ha-a; 43:1 
 Ziatum: Zi-ia-tum ; 84:1; 118:1 
 Zizia: Zi-zi-ia; 146:1 
 ..'... ,-ba-nu; 122:1 
 
 -i-li; 48:7 
 
 .... -ip-pa? - ; 30 :3 
 
 . . . ,-saf-na-A-a; 33:1 
 . . . .-rif-Sin; 84:4 
 -zi-. . . .; 122:3 
 
 B. List of Countries, Cities, Villages, Walls, Rivers 
 
 and Canals. 
 
 Adab (UD .NUN) U , 19:22; 51:6 | dlu ki Ddmiq-ilisu, 130:20 
 
 alu ki Ahanuta, 112:33; 112:43 | dlu Dibubu ki , 118:7 
 
 Amurrum, 118:10 DUG.GAR ki , 32:5; 51:27; 52:12; 52: 
 
 Bdbili (KA . DINGIR . RA) ki , 25 :3 ; 123: 21; 52:35; 117:21; 117:22; 124:17; 
 
 13 140:19 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 35 
 
 Dur-Assaba ki , 150:22 
 Dur-gurgurri ( BAD.URUDU .- 
 NAGAR) ki , 39:6 
 Dur-Simmurum, 150:18 
 Dur-Sin-mubalit, 2:15 
 Edina, 152:13 
 dlu Gar- il Samas ki , 128:9 
 
 Ik? ib ki , 85:5 
 
 Jamutbaliim), 49:12; 134:11 
 
 Kdr- il Samas, 144:5 
 
 « u KiS ki , 4:18; 118:5 
 
 Lagas (SIR PUR. LA ) ki , 47:7 
 
 Larsa(UD . UNU) ki , 56:7; 89:3; 94:6; 
 
 104:9; 129:13; 132:8; 143:7 
 dlu Manum-ki[ma-X], 132:11 
 u Marduk-rdimi ki , 51:21 
 
 C. Nair 
 
 Abd: a A-ba-a 
 
 PN: Martu- il Abd 
 A dad: il IM 
 
 41:4; 94:6; 131: seal 
 
 PN: Adad-ra , -rim-ili, -eris, 
 
 -sar-ili, -sarrum; Abil-, Awil-, 
 Ibni-, Idin-, Mannum-kima-, 
 Mar-, Nur-, Rim-, Sili-Adad 
 Aia: (ll) A-a 
 64:4 
 
 PN: Ahum-, ... .sana- Aa 
 Amurrum: il MAR.TU 
 
 PN: Amurrum-ibnisu; Abi-, Abil-, 
 I din- A murru m 
 
 Amurrum ilka: il MAR . TU il-ka 
 1:5; 1:37; 38:2 
 Anu: il A-nu 
 
 PN: il Anu-mubalit 
 
 Nar- il Adad, 130:3 
 Ndr-me-Ellilla, 83:13 
 Qisra-' l Ea, 110:4 
 Rabikum ki , 12:6; 12:11 
 &lu Rahabu ki , 150:15 
 
 Sippar (UD. KIB . N UN) ki , 117:8; 117: 
 10; 117:26; 144:9 
 
 SA-malahu ki , (SA-MA .DU .DU ki ), 3:5 
 Sagda-inpd {ki) , 140:10; 140:18 
 dlu ki Sarara, 150:23 
 Tubisik ki (?), 2:17 
 
 Tublias(ES .NUN . NA) ki , 127:14; 143: 
 6; 143:9 
 
 Z amu-alhadu ki , 117:17; 117:19; 117: 
 
 23 
 
 kar?-lik-ku ki , 62 : 1 4 
 
 of Gods. 
 
 Bau: il Ba-u 
 
 PN: AbiWBau 
 Bas: Ba-as 
 
 PN: Ba-as-ilu 
 Dagan: il Da-gan 
 133:3 
 
 PN: Imgur- il Dagan 
 Damkina: il Dam-ki-na 
 PN: Sili- il Damkina 
 Ea: E-a ( il E-a ) 
 
 PN: Ea-sulul-su, -gamil, - iribam f 
 -nasir, -sarram, -sili; Awil-, Ibni-, 
 Idin-, Hi-, Ini-, Libit-Ea 
 Enlil: Enlil-la 
 83:13 
 
 Ezinu: il SE.TER 
 112:5; 134:5 
 Galgalla: Gdl-gdl-la 
 1:5; 1:37 
 
36 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 Gula: il Gu-la 
 
 PN: Nabi- il Gula 
 Hamutam: il Hamutam 
 PN : il Hamutam 
 Hani: il Ha-ni 
 
 PN: il Hani-musalim 
 Ilabrat: il NIN.SUBUR 
 48 : 4 ; 132:4 
 PA: Ibi-' 1 Ilabrat 
 
 Il-Istar (or ASirta) ="nnDjr^K, mapy-to; 
 1 : 5 ; 1:37 
 
 Istar: Istar, ( u Istar ) 
 
 43:4 
 
 PN: Istar-sumu; Awil-, Ibku-, 
 
 Kurdi-, Mar-, Utul-Istar 
 Lugal-banda : il Lugal-mar-da 
 138:4 
 
 M arduk : il A MAR .UD 
 
 2 : 3 ; 6 : 4 ; 11 : 3 ; 14 : 4 ; 19 : 26 ; 25 : 4 ; 
 30 : 4 ; 31 : 4 ; 38 : 6 ; 42 : 3 ; 46 : 5 ; 52 : 
 3 ; 62 : 4 ; 62 : 9 ; 68 : 4 ; 70 : 4 ; 71 : 4 ; 
 78 : 3 ; 79 : 4 ; 81 : 4 ; 82 : 3 ; 97 : 4 ; 98 : 
 4 ; 105 : 4 ; 106 : 4 ; 109 : 4 ; 117 : 4 ; 
 119 : 4 ; 123 : 4 ; 125 : 3 ; 127 : 4 ; 139 : 
 4 ; 142 : 4 ; 144 : 3 ; 146 : 4 ; 148 : 4 ; 
 151:4 
 
 PN : M arduk- , -bani, -la- 
 
 mazasu, -mustal, - musalim , 
 -nasir, -rahi. . Etelpt-, Lumur- 
 sa-, Risa- il M arduk 
 Nabium: il N a-bi-um 
 38:2 
 
 PN : N abium-mdlik ; -waqar; 
 Awil-, Etel-pi-N abium 
 Nana: il Na-na-a 
 
 PN: Idin- il Nana 
 
 Nannar: il SES ki 
 
 PN: Awat-, Awel- il Nannar 
 Nergal: il NE .UNU .GAL 
 
 21 : 4 ; 39 : 4 ; 72 : 4 ; 114 : 4 ; 129 : 1 ; 
 150:3 
 
 Ningirsu: il Nin-gir-su 
 126:5 
 
 N ingiszida : U N i n-gis-zi-da 
 PN: IL N ingiszida 
 Ninuba. . . . : il Ni-nu-ba- . . . . 
 
 61:4 
 
 Sin: EN . ZU, il EN ZU, XXX 
 
 32 : 5 ; 32 : 8 ; 52 : 13 ; 52 : 22 ; 52 : 28 ; 
 63 : 4 ; 103:35 
 
 PN: Sin- ; -aba, -abu- 
 
 kullim, -abum, -aiabas, -bel-ili, 
 -bilah, -dursu, -eribam, -eris, 
 
 -galdu, -gdmil, -i , -idinnam, 
 
 -ilisu, -iqisam, -iqulam, -ilu, -is- 
 meanni, -imguranni, -ippalzam, 
 
 -ituram, -itasu, -li , -link, 
 
 -mdgir, -mdlik, -manse, -mailu, 
 -muballit, -musalim, -mustal, 
 -nada, -nation, wedu, -rabi, 
 -rimeni, -samuh, -sarrum, -taiar, 
 -tium, -uzili; Abil-, Eribam-, Ibi-, 
 Igmil-, Eitiir-, Lustamar-, Nabi-, 
 Seib-, Warad-S in 
 Samas: il UD 
 
 1 : 5 ; 1 : 37 ; 2 : 3 ; 3 : 4 ; 5 : 4 ; 6 : 4 ; 7 : 4 ; 
 8 : 4 ; 9 : 4 ; 10 : 4 ; 11 : 3 ; 13 : 5 ; 14 : 4 ; 
 15 : 4 ; 17 : 4 ; 18 : 3 ; 19 : 4 ; 20 : 4 ; 21 : 
 4 ; 25 : 4 ; 26 : 4 ; 27 : 4 ; 28 : 4 ; 30 : 4 ; 
 31 : 4 ; 33 : 4 ; 34 : 3 ; 35 : 4 ; 36 : 4 ; 
 38 : 6 ; 39 : 4 ; 40 : 4 ; 41 : 4 ; 42 : 3 ; 46 : 
 5 ; 47 : 4 ; 48 : 4 ; 51 : 4 ; 52 : 3 ; 53 : 4 ; 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 37 
 
 54:5; 55:3; 58:4; 60:4; 61:4; 62: 
 4; 62:9; 63:4; 64:4; 66:4; 68:4; 
 69:4; 70:4; 71:4; 75:4; 78:3; 79: 
 4; 80:4; 81:4; 82:3; 85:4; 87:4; 
 88:4; 89:4; 92:8; 97:4; 98:4; 99: 
 4; 101:4; 102:6; 103:3; 104:4; 
 
 105:4; 106:4; 107:4; 109:4; 112: 
 5; 114:4; 117:4; 119:4; 120:4; 
 
 122:4; 123:4; 125:3; 126:1; 126: 
 5; 127:4; 129:5; 129:10; 131:4; 
 132:4; 133:3; 134:5; 137:4; 138: 
 4; 139:4; 142:4; 143:4; 144:3; 
 
 146:4; 148:4; 150:3; 151:4 
 
 PN: Samas- , -dinam-idi, 
 
 -edu, -hasir, -gdmil, -ilu, -lama- 
 
 zasu, -liwir, -ma , -magir, 
 
 -malik, -mubalit, -nasir, -rabi, 
 
 -re'utim; Abil-, Hadi-amer-, Ibi-, 
 Mannum-kima-, Nabi-, $ili-, 
 War ad-, Watar-Samas 
 Sulpae : il S UL.PA.UD.DU 
 PN: Sulpae-bani 
 Siru: '’SIR 
 
 PN: Siru-qarrad 
 
 TAK esara: il TAK E.SA.RA 15 :4 
 Tispak: il Tispak 
 143:4; 143:6 
 Urra: Ur-ra 
 
 PN: Urra-gdmil, ispiel; I din, KA- 
 sa-Urra 
 
 Zamdmd: il Za-ma-md 
 43:4 
 
 PN: Zamdmd-ilu; Lustamar-Za- 
 marnd 
 
LIST OF LETTERS. 
 
 Text No. 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 Sent by 
 
 Catalog YBC 
 
 1 
 
 Sin-mdgir 
 
 Ibhu-Istar u Sin-ituram 
 
 4519 
 
 2 
 
 Ahum-waqar u Abil- ll Samas 
 
 Warad- l Samas 
 
 5458 
 
 3 
 
 u 
 
 Lumur-sa- l Marduk 
 
 5465 
 
 4 
 
 Sin-eribam 
 
 Sin-mdgir 
 
 5474 
 
 5 
 
 Nur- ll Samas 
 
 Sin-bel-ablim 
 
 6135 
 
 6 
 
 Sin-idinnam 
 
 1 l M arduk-musalim 
 
 4527 
 
 7 
 
 Bala 
 
 Kubbutia 
 
 4541 
 
 8 
 
 Sunum-ilu 
 
 Sumum-libsi 
 
 4540 
 
 9 
 
 Sin-iribam 
 
 tl Samas-mdgir 
 
 6123 
 
 10 
 
 Watar- ll Samas 
 
 Ilusu-ibnisu 
 
 4559 
 
 11 
 
 Nabi- ll Sa[mas ] 
 
 ll Marduk-[nasir\ 
 
 4546 
 
 12 
 
 Sin-li 
 
 Ili-rdbi 
 
 5459 
 
 13 
 
 Nabi- ll Gula u Balmunamhe 
 
 Sin-aiabas 
 
 6129 
 
 14 
 
 Na[bi- il Samas ] 
 
 ’ l M arduk-na[sir] 
 
 7012 
 
 15 
 
 Elmesum 
 
 Sirum 
 
 4516 
 
 16 
 
 Belitia 
 
 Sin-abum 
 
 4523 
 
 17 
 
 Dadd 
 
 Iluma-ilie 
 
 4564 
 
 18 
 
 ''A nu-mubalit 
 
 Ea-sulul-su 
 
 4579 
 
 19 
 
 Sin-eris u Ibi-Sin 
 
 tl Samas-hasir 
 
 5589 
 
 20 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 ll Samas-hasir 
 
 7062 
 
 21 
 
 Bella . 
 
 U rra-gdmil 
 
 4505 
 
 22 
 
 Sili- 
 
 Gim[illu]m 
 
 5470 
 
 23 
 
 Sin-iqisam, 
 
 Nur- il Adad 
 
 4529 
 
 24 
 
 KA-sa-Urra 
 
 Gati-iluma 
 
 5461 
 
 25 
 
 Muhaddum 
 
 daiane meS Bdbili kl 
 
 5463 
 
 26 
 
 Bell 
 
 Ili-ippalzam 
 
 4554 
 
 27 
 
 Sumi-ahia 
 
 ll Samas-mubalit 
 
 5460 
 
 28 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 lI Samas-hdsir 
 
 4545 
 
 29 
 
 Awil-ilu 
 
 ll Samas-nasir 
 
 5472 
 
 30 
 
 il Adad-ra 
 
 lb- 
 
 6127 
 
 31 
 
 Kunna 
 
 Muhuski 
 
 4568 
 
 32 
 
 Lustamar - 1 Zamamd u Belanum 
 
 Hammurabi 
 
 4521 
 
 33 
 
 . . . ,-saf-na-Aia 
 
 Dapinum 
 
 4569 
 
 34 
 
 Wotar- ll Samas 
 
 Sin-mustal 
 
 4510 
 
 35 
 
 Awil- ll Adad 
 
 Abil- ll Samas 
 
 4560 
 
 36 
 
 Abia 
 
 Aba 
 
 4534 
 
 37 
 
 Igmil-Sin u Sin-talar 
 
 ll Samas-gdmil 
 
 5592 
 
 ( 38 ) 
 
H. F. LUTZ — EAR LY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 39 
 
 Text No. 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 Sent by 
 
 Catalog YBC 
 
 38 
 
 [Awtjlim 
 
 Ibi-‘ l Ilabrat 
 
 4587 
 
 39 
 
 Abum-waqar 
 
 ll Siru-qarrad 
 
 5591 
 
 40 
 
 Inbi-ilisu 
 
 W atar- 1 ' Samas 
 
 4518 
 
 41 
 
 Add 
 
 Sib- ll Adad 
 
 4508 
 
 42 
 
 Sabiria 
 
 Taribatum 
 
 4566 
 
 43 
 
 Zihd 
 
 Sin-idinnam 
 
 4583 
 
 44 
 
 Eriri 
 
 Nabi- ll Sin 
 
 4507 
 
 45 
 
 Idinnam 
 
 Sin- 
 
 4577 
 
 46 
 
 Awilim 
 
 tl Marduk-bdni 
 
 6119 
 
 47 
 
 Ini- l Sin 
 
 ll Sin-imguranni 
 
 5588 
 
 48 
 
 Lalutum 
 
 Seib-Sin 
 
 4562 
 
 49 
 
 Belia 
 
 Sili- l Samas 
 
 6141 
 
 50 
 
 Munawirum 
 
 Tisanatum 
 
 6131 
 
 51 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 ll Samas-hdsir 
 
 4550 
 
 52 
 
 Bel[t]i 
 
 Munawirum 
 
 7015 
 
 53 
 
 u Irzia 
 
 Nabi- 1 Samas 
 
 6998 
 
 54 
 
 Sili- l Damkina u Ilusu-bdni 
 
 Libur-saduni 
 
 6124 
 
 55 
 
 Sin-uzili 
 
 Dadd 
 
 7042 
 
 56 
 
 Sin-iqisam 
 
 Nur- ll Adad 
 
 4548 
 
 57 
 
 I lu-da 
 
 A wil- tl Nabium 
 
 5466 
 
 58 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 ll Samas-hdsir 
 
 6126 
 
 59 
 
 Bella 
 
 Sarnia 
 
 5469 
 
 60 
 
 ll Anu-mubalit 
 
 Ea-sulul-su 
 
 6125 
 
 61 
 
 Ummia 
 
 Iltani 
 
 4501 
 
 62 
 
 Awilim 
 
 Awil- lI Ea 
 
 4572 
 
 63 
 
 Sin-nada 
 
 Libit 
 
 6133 
 
 64 
 
 Sin-ismeanni 
 
 Sabitum 
 
 4580 
 
 65 
 
 Sin-iqisam 
 
 Sin-rabi 
 
 5467 
 
 66 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 Kurdi-Istar 
 
 4514 
 
 67 
 
 Sin-musalim 
 
 Urra-ispiel 
 
 4585 
 
 68 
 
 Ibni- l Adad 
 
 Awil- ll Na[bium\ 
 
 4563 
 
 69 
 
 Ibku-Istar 
 
 Ili-ippalzam 
 
 4567 
 
 70 
 
 ll Samas-liwir 
 
 Ili-iqisam 
 
 4515 
 
 71 
 
 Awilia 
 
 Etel-pi- l N abium 
 
 4556 
 
 72 
 
 Abia 
 
 Sin-eris 
 
 4509 
 
 73 
 
 Ibia 
 
 Ahum-Aia 
 
 4531 
 
 74 
 
 Sin-iqisam 
 
 Sin-idinnam 
 
 4543 
 
 75 
 
 Martu- l Aba 
 
 Ilusu-ibnisu 
 
 4544 
 
 76 
 
 Muhaddum 
 
 ll Marduk-musalim 
 
 7022 
 
 77 
 
 Ili-mutir u Ea-sili 
 
 Balmunamhe 
 
 5462 
 
 78 
 
 Belia 
 
 Sin-gamil 
 
 5471 
 
 79 
 
 Abil- ll Samas u madutim 
 
 Warad - 1 Samas u Karnnia 
 
 7010 
 
 80 
 
 Kulira. . . . 
 
 Sin-galdu 
 
 4506 
 
 81 
 
 Baba 
 
 Munawirum 
 
 5468 
 
 82 
 
 Belia 
 
 Sin-idinnam 
 
 4520 
 
40 
 
 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES 
 
 \, BABYLONIAN TEXTS 
 
 
 Text No. 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 Sent by 
 
 Catalog YBC 
 
 83 
 
 Ubarrum 
 
 Amel - 1 Nannar 
 
 7060 
 
 84 
 
 Zijatum 
 
 ll Samas-lamazasu 
 
 4524 
 
 85 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 [ ll Samas-hdsir] 
 
 5050 
 
 86 
 
 Sin-rimeni u Abu-waqar 
 
 ll Zamdma-ilu 
 
 6121 
 
 87 
 
 Nabi- il Samas 
 
 ll Adad-rim-ili 
 
 4542 
 
 88 
 
 [I]din-Ea 
 
 Sin-eris 
 
 4512 
 
 89 
 
 Ablum 
 
 Mdr-Larsa kl 
 
 4565 
 
 90 
 
 Belia 
 
 Abi-asat 
 
 4537 
 
 91 
 
 Sin-[i]qisam 
 
 [. Nur- ll Adad ] 
 
 4530 
 
 92 
 
 Sin-samuh ll A dad-sarrum Sunatum 
 Sili- ll Damkina u madutim 
 
 Ginnllum 
 
 6138 
 
 93 
 
 Abia u belia 
 
 Idin- tl Adad 
 
 4552 
 
 94 
 
 Belia 
 
 Sili- ll Samas 
 
 6122 
 
 95 
 
 Ani-lumur Abil- 1 Amur rum Awil- 
 Istar u madutim 
 
 Sarruni-kima-ili u Sin-lirik 
 
 6132 
 
 96 
 
 Balmenamhi 
 
 Eiku - 1 ? 
 
 4551 
 
 97 
 
 Sabinni 
 
 Sin-samuh u madutim 
 
 4525 
 
 98 
 
 ll Marduk-mus[tal ] 
 
 ll Marduk-musalim 
 
 4513 
 
 99 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 a Samas-hdsir 
 
 4579 
 
 100 
 
 Arndt - 1 Nannar 
 
 Lalatum 
 
 6140 
 
 101 
 
 Watar- l Samas 
 
 Dadaba 
 
 7011 
 
 102 
 
 Munawirum 
 
 Sin-sarrum Abil-jatum u Idinnam 6139 
 
 103 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 %l Samas-hdsir 
 
 6835 
 
 104 
 
 Ku 
 
 
 7008 
 
 105 
 
 Sumi-ahia 
 
 ll N abium-mdlik 
 
 4570 
 
 106 
 
 Sizi u Attia 
 
 Ibiq-ndr-kimhi 
 
 4581 
 
 107 
 
 Bds-ilu 
 
 Ilusu-ndsir 
 
 7063 
 
 108 
 
 Ea-gamil 
 
 Sin-mailu 
 
 6128 
 
 109 
 
 Akil me ' s Amurrim, akil. . . 
 
 Rabianum u sibut dlim kl 
 
 5590 
 
 110 
 
 111 
 
 Belia 
 
 Sili- l Samas 
 
 4526 
 
 6120 
 
 112 
 
 Dadd u ll Sin-uzili 
 
 Seib- zl Sin 
 
 5489 
 
 113 
 
 Nur- l Samas Awil- l Adad Sin-bilah 
 Sili- a Adad u PA. NAM. U. UD me ° 
 
 ( —madutim ?) 
 
 ll Samas-ndsir 
 
 4549 
 
 114 
 
 W a ra d- l Samas 
 
 Watar- ll Samas 
 
 5464 
 
 115 
 
 
 ll Samas-rna 
 
 4528 
 
 116 
 
 Idin-XJrra 
 
 Sin-magir 
 
 4533 
 
 117 
 
 Awilim 
 
 Elmestum 
 
 4538 
 
 118 
 
 Zijatmn 
 
 rl Sin-manse 
 
 4571 
 
 119 
 
 Avnlim 
 
 ll Marduk-ndsir 
 
 4558 
 
 120 
 
 Sin-samuh 
 
 Etel-pi- ll Marduk 
 
 7061 
 
 121 
 
 Idin-XJrra 
 
 Sin-magir 
 
 4532 
 
 122 
 
 banu 
 
 zi 
 
 4535 
 
 123 
 
 Belavmn 
 
 Munawirum 
 
 6137 
 
H. F. LUTZ— EARLY BABYLONIAN LETTERS FROM LARSA 41 
 
 Text No. 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 Sent by 
 
 Catalog YI 
 
 124 
 
 Ahu-waqar 
 
 Aliuni 
 
 4557 
 
 125 
 
 Nabi- l Samas 
 
 ll Marduk-nasir 
 
 4536 
 
 126 
 
 Avoilim 
 
 Ili-iqisam 
 
 4573 
 
 127 
 
 Nabi- ll Sarnas 
 
 ll Marduk-nasir 
 
 6130 
 
 128 
 
 Idin-Urra 
 
 Sin-magir 
 
 4575 
 
 129 
 
 AB.AB.UL 
 
 Watar- ll Samas 
 
 4561 
 
 130 
 
 Surim 
 
 
 4553 
 
 131 
 
 *co 
 
 * 
 
 S- 
 
 <80 
 
 1 
 
 ll Sin-rimeni 
 
 5473 
 
 132 
 
 Ibi- ll Samas 
 
 Eribam-Sin 
 
 4586 
 
 133 
 
 Abia 
 
 
 4513 
 
 134 
 
 Dadd u ll Sin-uzili 
 
 Seib- ll Sin 
 
 4522 
 
 135 
 
 Ili-ippalzam 
 
 Hazirum (?) 
 
 6833 
 
 136 
 
 Sin-iqisam 
 
 I din-Sin 
 
 6997 
 
 137 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 d Samas-hasir 
 
 7014 
 
 138 
 
 Eku-Urra 
 
 Imgur- l Dagan 
 
 6999 
 
 139 
 
 Dan-ilu u Inbi-Sin 
 
 Sani 
 
 4582 
 
 140 
 
 Bella 
 
 Awil-ilu 
 
 6136 
 
 141 
 
 Ilu-abia 
 
 Abil- ll Adad 
 
 4578 
 
 142 
 
 Belsunu 
 
 ll Samas-hasir 
 
 4574 
 
 143 
 
 Arium-waqar u Abil- ll Samas 
 
 Ibkusa 
 
 4555 
 
 144 
 
 Nabi- ll Samas 
 
 ll Marduk-ndsir 
 
 7013 
 
 145 
 
 Pirhuni 
 
 
 7016 
 
 146 
 
 Zizia 
 
 Ili-idinnam 
 
 7006 
 
 147 
 
 Ista 
 
 Mar-Istar 
 
 6836 
 
 148 
 
 Attu 
 
 Abu-waqar 
 
 7002 
 
 149 
 
 Abu-waqar 
 
 Ahu-waqar 
 
 7007 
 
 150 
 
 Bill 
 
 Sin-musalim 
 
 6134 
 
 151 
 
 Sabiria 
 
 Sin-itasu 
 
 7059 
 
 152 
 
 KA-sa-I star 
 
 Iranum 
 
 4504 
 
AUTOGRAPHED TEXTS 
 
PLATE I 
 
 1 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE II 
 

 
 
 
PLATE III 
 
PLATE V 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 >a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE VI 
 
 16 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE VII 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE VI i I 
 
 19 
 

 
PLATE IX 
 
PLATE X 
 
 27 
 
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PLATE XI 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE EX I! 
 
 33 
 
PLATE XIII 
 
 34 35 
 
PLATE X ! V 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE XV 
 
 39 
 
 
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 SR 
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PLATE XVI 
 

 
 
 
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PLATE XVI 
 
 42 
 

 
 
 
 
 
PLATE XVII! 
 
 44 
 
 46 
 
 
 15 BB 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE XIX 
 

PLATE XX 
 
 49 
 

 
 
PLATE XXI 
 
 50 
 
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 51 
 
 
 
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PLATE XXII 
 
 5 2 
 
PLATE XXI 1 1 
 
PLATE XXIV 
 
 57 58 
 
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PLATE XXV 
 
PLATE XXVII 
 
PLATE XXVIII 
 
PLATE XXIX 
 
 79 
 
 80 
 
 by scribe. 
 
 
 MW 
 
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PLATE XXX 
 
 82 
 

PLATE XXXI 
 
PLATE XXXII 
 
 85 
 

PLATE XXX 111 
 
 87 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PLATE XXXiV 
 
PLATE XXXV 
 
96 
 
 PLATE XXXVI 
 
 97 
 
PLATE XXXVI 
 
 100 
 
 101 
 
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 102 
 

 
 
 
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PLATE XXXV 11 1 
 
 U. E. 
 
 L. E. 
 
 
 
 104 
 
PLATE XXXIX 
 
 Lo. 
 
 
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 105 106 
 
 IKNT a IT^T 
 
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PLATE XL 
 
 109 110 
 
PLATE XLI 
 
 112 
 
PLATE XLI1 
 
 113 
 
 114 
 
PLATE XU 1 1 
 
 117 
 
PLATE XL IV 
 
 118 
 
PLATE XLV 
 
 121 124 
 

 
 
 
PLATE XLVI 
 
 126 127 
 
PLATE XLVII 
 
 130 
 
 131 
 
 133 
 

PLATE XLV1II 
 
 134 135 
 
PLATE XLIX 
 
 137 138 
 
PLATE L 
 
0 . 
 
 PLATE LI 
 
 144 
 
PLATE LI! 
 
 147 148 
 
PLATE L! 1 1 
 
 149 
 
 150 
 
 U. E. 
 
 25 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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PLATE LIV 
 
 151 
 
PLATE LV 
 
 152 
 
PLATE LVI 
 
 ENVELOPE AND TABLET (OBVERSE AND 
 END) OF A LETTER CONTAINING THE 
 NAME ABRAHAM (TEXT NO. 15) 
 
 UPPER: LETTER OF HAMMURABI (AMRA- 
 PHEL OF GENESIS) (TEXT NO. 32) 
 
 LOWER: UNOPENED CASE TABLET AD- 
 DRESSED TO IBIQ-EA, SHOWING SEAL 
 IMPRESSION OF THE SENDER 
 

 
PLATE LVII 
 
 TWO SIDES OF A CASE TABLET WITH UPPER: THE TABLET OF THE SAME RE- 
 SEAL IMPRESSIONS (TEXT NO. 147) MOVED FROM THE ENVELOPE 
 
 LOWER: LETTER (TEXT NO. 1)