= Pai tic “y i Wa ; br Be XG aaa ee : Olt SR aR SRR ey 1820-1848 3 Joun Ricuarp Hattam Melford By Samuel July 22, 1842” , Haven it New ut rd fec ht ““Sam’l Melfo er rig igned lowe S EARLY CONNECTICUT ARTISTS & CRAFTSMEN By FrREDERIC FAIRCHILD SHERMAN New York PRIVATELY PRINTED MCMXXV Dedicated to the Memory of my friend Dr. J. Mitton Copurn A true Lover of Old-Time Things CONTENTS. PAGE eM a a ee ce AX ne ee ae kw ee KM MectiveOre AND TIOUSE-DUILDERS . . . .....:. + a die (aes 8 + 3 CARPENTERS AND Furniture Makers. . . . . . 5 MER ee a eG MINCE MMe i tee TG rename ereene ee ee TR. IQ NO i ce we 28 RR i Ee tee BS Bieta Woreeees IN Ikon, lin, Brass, Etc. . . . . . 27 ES ESE SSS 0a ean a MIscELLANEOUS CRAFTSMEN ... . a ay oat mre ae METER MOOR HIFsPICTURES <9: 2. wt. ee ee 39 PRM TERERS 220). (se Meecha tans. bial ae Met AT Drereter eRe IN QIDS) ee OAS PoTTERS I oe a we BE ROPE ete t,o a ew ee, ee ie kk ce we ee we OQ ret Pere Sere ey Kab kg ee OF Der ieee ek et ee OF SILVERSMITHS a etm, ult, Se trv See LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS SILHOUETTE OF JOHN RicHarp Hatiam By SAMUEL MELForD Frontispiece PAGE Dery NICHOLAS WISBROWE). 44... .-. + «© « ts « 16 Partor Mantet Crock By THE TERRYVILLE Mrc. Co. . . 10 _ Map or Connecticut By AMos DooniTTrLE . . . . . «22 Earty Hanp-wroucut Iron CAKE TURNER AND PipE Toncs 28 Portrarr Miniature oF Mrs. Jennie Post sy JAMES MeN IECTEWVORTH 8c! * 0 LO a 36 Portrait oF WiLLIAM Rocers By JoHN TRUMBULL . . . 46 ene rer re, gO SAMPLER WorKED BY Betsey MerrIMAN .... .. . 60 Earty ConneEcTicuT SILVER SPOONS .... . ree ee 68 Vil INTRODUCTORY NOTE S most of the articles of household furniture and furnishing in the early Colonial days were of home manufacture the names of practically all of the earliest native crafts- men are entirely unknown today. The few exceptions are those who found employment for themselves in supplying the needs of others in the larger towns and a precious few who marked the things they made. Silverware being the chief luxury of the time it was marked by those who made it. probably from the very first; consequently the list of Connecticut silversmiths (based upon Curtis’s list in his excellent “Early Connecticut Silver’) is the most extensive presented. Among them are a number of men who will be found working also in other trades — pewterers, clock-makers, comb-makers and the like. In fact almost every early craftsman was,in a sense, a “jack of all trades,’ combining various callings in order to eke out a precarious living. Many of them, of course, worked in their homes, either in an ell directly connected with the house, or in a separate building on the home grounds. Stonington, Mystic and New London having been three of the most important of the whaling ports in the last century, consid- erable quantities of objects of use and ornament in ivory, whale- bone and like material, the “scrim-shaw” work of returning crews, must have been distributed from those places. Delicately carved and engraved, no negligible portion of these things are really of definite artistic merit. It is, however, unfortunately 1X quite impossible to discover the identity of a single known prac- titioner of this curious and charming craft, which originated in and flourished upon our sailing ships in the great days of the American merchant marine. .The irony of Fate, it seems, per- suaded some to add their names on whales’ and sharks’ teeth, which they took a particular delight in covering with emblems, figures and scenes according to their fancy — never on any of those other objects of surprising and singular beauty which they fashioned. Pewter was in general use in colonial times, and silver tank- ards and beakers in the homes of the wealthy planters of good family. Rings and ear-rings were common as were shoes with silver and brass buckles, and watches from 1655. Cocked hats were worn in 1670 and the three-cornered cocked hat from 1732 to 17790. Wheeled carriages were first used about 1750. It is now a forgotten fact that so long ago as I8II one Charles Reynolds of East Windsor took out a patent for pro- pelling carriages by steam. The first American tinsmith was Edward Pattison of Berlin, working in 1750, and the first records we have of the manufac- ture of wearing apparel of silk in this country are of 1791-2. In 1792 the Rev. Dr. Stiles of Connecticut was shown a silk gown belonging to the Rev. Dr. Atwater of Brandford and made throughout in his own family. In the former year the Rev. Dr. Stiles saw silk stockings woven in Norwich, weighing 2V% ounces, made at Northfield. The lists included here cover the period from 1600 to 1875, with the exception of that of the Printers, which extends only to 1830, or about the date when the publication of the New Eng- land Primer was discontinued. Of the work of many of those whose names appear in the various lists no identified examples are known to exist today. However, as perhaps nine-tenth of all the early furniture, iron, tin, brass and copper ware, and many of the early portraits, miniatures, etc., as well as much of the early silver is unmarked, x it 1s reasonable to presume that specimens of the handiwork of practically all are still extant. These lists have been compiled in the hope that they may help collectors and others in identify- ing the makers of various objects of antiquarian interest pre- sumably of Connecticut origin. I should appreciate very highly information of signed works by Connecticut artists and craftsmen, and the names of any addi- tional workers, which do not appear in the following lists. King Street Westport, Connecticut. x1 u ; BIBLIOGRAPHY Early Silver of Connecticut and its makers. By George Munson Curtis. Illustrated 12zmo. Meriden, Conn. 1913. Art and Artists in Connecticut. By H.W. French. 8vo. Illus- trated. Boston, Mass. 1879. History of the American Clock Business for the past Sixty Years and Life of Chauncey Jerome, written by himself. 16mo. Portrait. New Haven. 1860. The Brass Industry in Connecticut. A Study of the Origin and the Development of the Brass Industry in the Naugatuck Valley. (By) William G. Lathrop. 16mo. Shelton, Conn. 1909. : List of Books printed in Connecticut, 1709-1800. By James Hammond Trumbull. The Acorn Club. Hartford, Conn. 1904. Quarto. Old Houses of Connecticut. By Bertha C. Trowbridge and Prof. Charles M. Andrews. Illustrated Quarto. New Haven, Conn. 1923. American Glassware, Old and New. By Edwin AtLee Barber. Illustrated 16mo. Philadelphia. 1900. Early American Bottles and Flasks. By Stephen Van Rens- selaer. Illustrated 16mo. New York, 1921. Early American Portrait Painters in Mimature. By Theodore Bolton. Illustrated 8vo. New York, 1921. Early American Portrait Draughtsmen in Crayons. By Theo- dore Bolton. Illustrated 8vo. New York, 1923. X11 Early Connecticut Houses. An historical and architectural study. By Norman M. Isham and Albert F. Brown. Illus- trated. Quarto. Providence, R.I. 1900. Hitchcock of Hitchcocks-ville. By Mrs. Guion Thompson. II-° lustrated. “Antiques,” August, 1923. Boston. Early Pottery of New England. By Walter A. Dyer. Illus- trated. “Antiques,” January, 1922. Boston. Chests of Our New England Grandmothers. By Malcolm A. Norton. Illustrated. “Antiques,” August, 1922. Boston. The Norwich Pottery Works. By Henry R. Armstrong. Illus- trated. “Antiques,” October, 1923. Boston. Jagging Wheels. By Wellington Haze. Illustrated. “Antiques,” June, 1922. Boston. Three New England Miniatures. By Frederic Fairchild Sher- man. Illustrated. “Antiques,” December, 1923. Boston. (Attributed to Alexander H. Emmons of Norwich). The Methods of Early American Potters. By L. Reginald Chandler. Illustrated. “Antiques,” April, 1924. More Light on the Block-Front. By Malcolm A. Norton. II- lustrated. “Antiques,” February, 1923. Furniture of the Pilgrim Century. By Wallace Nutting. Illus- trated. 4to. 1923. The Fentons — Pioneer American Potters. By John Spargo. Illustrated. “Antiques,” October, 1923. Samuel Danforth. Brochure reproducing four engravings by Samuel Danforth. Octavo. 1921-1922: Privately printed by Gustave R. Sattig: East River, Conn. A History of American Manufactures from 1608 to 1860. By J. Leander Bishop. 2 vols. 8vo. Philadelphia. 1864. X1V ARCHITECTS AND HOUSE BUILDERS We are fortunate in having preserved today the identity of the architects and builders of some of the earliest Connecticut houses, the characteristics of which, as they were modified by develop- ment, resulted in a type known locally as the “salt-box,” a name suggested by its shape and proportions. It 1s worth while to record that in all the years since no more satisfactory design of national origin has been invented. The simple interior layout permits of innumerable variations in subdivision and allows of the installing of modern heating and plumbing without sacrifice either of original features or the material permanence and strength of the structure. Crark, NicHotas Working 1635 Hartford ELDERKIN, JOHN Working 1651 New London Hoaptey, Davip b. 1774, d. 1839 Waterbury SreeL, JouN Working before 1650 Hartford STILEs, FRANCIS Working 1635 Windsor Witson, RosBert Working before 1650 Hartford er. 7 het \ ‘ AAS i : ; . Hae oh A Z ‘ j { ey { r i+.¥¢ i % BOOKBINDERS Boties & WALLACE Cooke, Ouiver D. Dorman, O. A. Dorus, CLark Goopwin, GeorcE & Sons SELLECK, A. Working 1837 Working 1802 Working 1831° Working 1845 Working 1817 Working 1847 Hartford Hartford New Haven New Haven Hartford Norwalk wt ‘. tL Bie ay Li 7 CARPENTERS AND FURNITURE MAKERS Several distinctive local forms in furniture are associated with the early history of Connecticut. Perhaps the most highly treas- ured of these pieces are the Guilford and Sunflower chests, the former of which date from the late 17th and early 18th century. The latter were popular in the last quarter of the 17th century. The Guilford chest, which originated and is frequently found in the vicinity of that town, is painted. The Sunflower chest, so named from the carvings of the blossoms thereon, originated and ts still found near Hartford. As the home of the Hitchcock chair, Connecticut has to its credit a type of house furniture that persists in favor after a lapse of something more than a century. A number of early makers of Windsor chairs are included, discovered through ad- vertisements in old newspapers and in contemporary Directories. Atrorp & Co. Working 1843- Hitchcocks-ville Successors to Hitchcock, Alford & Co., and makers of chairs of the “Hitch- cock” type. Auten, JoeL b. 1755, d. 1825 Working in Middletown, 1790 Carpenter. Anprews, WILLIAM New Haven Carpenter. Boykin, JAMEs Kent Carpenter. Camp Working about 1835 Robertville Maker of chairs similar in general appearance to the “Hitchcock” chair. CarrincTon, Joun Workingearly 17thcentury Wethersfield Carpenter. Executed for Witchcraft in 1651. Cuapin, AARON Bet 753,7 1935 Hartford Cabinet Maker. DisprowE, Nicuotas __b. 1612, d. 1683 Hartford Cabinet Maker. Evperkin, JouN Working 1651 New London and Norwich Carpenter. Frink, JOHN Working 1668 Stonington Carpenter. GorHAM, SAMUEL Westport Cabinet Maker. Harris, WILLIAM, JR. Working 1788 New London Made Windsor chairs. Hews, ALPHEUS Working 1787 New Haven Made Windsor chairs. Hitcucock, LamBert Working 1818-1828 Hitchcocks-ville The originator of the “Hitchcock” chair, during the period 1826-1828 stenciled at the back “L. Hitchcock, Hitchcocks-ville, Conn.” Hitcucock, Atrorp & Co. Working 1829-1843 Hitchcocks-ville Successors to Lambert Hitchcock, who was the senior member of the firm. Their chairs (of the “Hitchcock” type) were marked “Hitchcock, Alford & Co.” Homes & Roserts Working about 1830 Colebrook Makers of chairs similar in style to the “Hitchcock” chair. Hurwisutt, TayLor Westport Cabinet Maker. Pantry, WILLIAM Hartford Carpenter. STILEs, FRANCIS Working 1635 Windsor Carpenter. STACKBONE, STACY Working 1786 Hartford Made Windsor chairs. Union Cuatr Co. Working early 19th century West Winsted Made chairs of the “Hitchcock type.” SEVENTEENTH CENTURY CHEST Sar & Bo re ey le Kk te Meo Lo ee Se) ae: Sey) ee) | ” : , sa 2 Hy : a. ier 12% ¥ ae - ° “ » ’ 4 - - % ‘ e > “ : ™ ‘ « roe a *» % , - , . &. « é J ‘ . ae 43 te om . 4 - % ‘ rs t UU as « on ®t CLOCK MAKERS The fathers of the clock making industry in the American colonies were citizens of the ancient province of Connecticut and the state always has led and continues to lead in the manufac- ture of clocks and other time-pieces. Thomas Harland of Nor- wich, who died in 1807, taught the trade to Eh Terry, and the latter, who in 1814 invented the wooden shelf-clock, revolutioned the industry. Joseph Ives of Bristol invented the metal clock in 1815. The earlier clocks were entirely of wood, works, cases and dials, though the hands were generally of pewter, iron or other handwrought metal. Many sets of the early works were later discarded for those of metal, though it is possible that a few sets of handmade works of pewter and brass antedate by many years the invention of the metal clock. Ansonia Brass Co. Ansonia Atkins, Atpen A. Mantel Clock maker Bristol Arxins & PorTER Mantel Clock makers Bristol Avery, JOHN b. 1732, d. 1794 Preston Batcu, Epenezer b. 1723, d. 1808 Hartford and Wethersfield Barnes, THomas Workingendof18thcentury Litchfield Bet, RicuHarp Middlesex now Darien Birce, Matuiory & Co. Bristol BisHop & BraDLEY Watertown BiackMaN, JOHN Starr b. 1777, d. 1851 Danbury BuaKSLEE, ZIBA b. 1768, d. 1825 Newtown BoarRDMAN, CHAUNCEY Bristol BoarpMan & WELLS Bristol Brewer, CHARLES b. 1778, d. 1860 Middletown 9 Burnap, DANIEL b. 1760, d. 1838 Hartford, East Windsor and Coventry Brewster & INGRAHAMS Working about 1820 Bristol Cueney, Benjamin Working about 1780 Manchester CuHENEY, OLcoTT Working 1820 © Middletown Mantel Clock maker. Crark, DANIEL Waterbury Cuark, JOSEPH d. 1821 Danbury Criark, HERMAN Working 1807 Plymouth (Successor of Eli Terry). Coox, ZENAS Waterbury Curtis, Lewis b. 1774, d. 1845 Farmington DoouitrLteE, AMos Working 1748-1810 New Haven DoouitrLe, Enos Working 1772 Hartford Dunpar, BUTLER Bristol ForEsTVILLE Ciocx Co. Working 1830 Forestville Made many “Acorn” clocks. Gitsert, Wo. L. & Co. Working 1862 Winchester GiLBerT, W. L. Ciocx Co. Winsted Hanks, Benjamin Working 1778-83 Windham and Litchfield Invented self-winding air clock about 1783. Harianp, THOMAS b. 1735, d. 1807 Norwich Taught Eli Terry the trade of clock making. Harrison, JAMES Working 1790-1800 Waterbury Harrison, LEMUEL Working 1800 Hircucock, Exisna, Jr. Mantel Clock maker Burlington Hoapiey, Siras__—_—b. 1786, d. 1870 Plymouth and Waterbury Working with Eli Terry and Seth Thomas at Plymouth, 1809-1849. Horxins, Asa Workingearly 18thcentury Litchfield and Northfield 1 fe) Partor MANTEL CLock Made by the Terryville Manufacturing ‘Cian Patented October sth, 1852 Hopkins & Lewis Litchfield Horcukiss, Hezexrau (?) d. 1761 New Haven IncRAHAM & Co., E. H. Mantel Clock makers Bristol Ives,C.& L.C. Working early 19th century Bristol Ives, JosEPH Invented metal clock 1818 Bristol Jerome, Cuauncey b.1793,d.1870 Bristol and New Haven Jerome & Darrow Bristol Jerome, Nosie Working 1839 Bristol Kearney, Hucu & Co. Working 1820 Wolcott-Ville Kirk, CHARLES Working 1823 Bristol Leavenwortu, Mark Made patent shelfclock © Waterbury LEAVENWoRTH, Cot. Wn. Working 1810 Waterbury Lewis, Levi Bristol Manross, ExitsHa Mantel Clock maker Bristol Manross, GitBerT Mantel Clock maker Winsted Manross, Pricuarp & Co. Bristol Marsu, Gitsert & Co. Mantel Clock makers, 1820 Farmington Merriman, SILAS Working about 1790 Litchfield Merriman, Dr. Titus Bristol Mycatr, Comrort STARR b. 1763, d. 1823 Danbury Myeatrt, Davip M1777, d. FOS? Danbury New Haven Ciocx Co. Made mantel clocks © New Haven Nortu, Norris Working 1820 Torrington Peck, TimorHy Working about 1790 Litchfield Porter, WILLIAM Waterbury Reep, Isaac b. 1746 Stamford II Ricu, JoHNn Bristol Roserts, Gip—eon Made wooden clocks about 1800 Roserts, T. M. Mantel Clock maker Bristol SANForD, Isaac Working 1785 Hartford SARGENT, JACOB b. 1761, d. 1843 Hartford Suipman, NaTHAniet b. 1764, d. 1853 Norwich SmitTH, Henry C. Mantel Clock maker - Plymouth STow Southington Terry, Ext b. 1772, d. 1853 Plymouth and Terryville Invented wooden shelf clock 1814. Commenced the manufacture of clocks by waterpower for wholesale trade at Plymouth in 1802. TERRY, Ext, Jr. Working 1826 Plymouth Tuomas, SETH b. 1785, d. 1859 Plymouth Hollow WatTErRBuryY CLock Co. Waterbury We tcy, E. N. b. 1809, d. 1887 Mantel Clock maker Forestville We tcu, E. N. Crock Co. Working 1864 Forestville Organized by E. N. Welch, 1864. Wuire, PEREGRINE b. 1747, d. 1834 Woodstock Wuitinc, Ritey Working 1808-1835 Winchester and Winsted I2 i 4 i ' ’ i . ’ ~ ‘ t : * 1 . 7 Z mn joe r ¥ i } y I Zi ‘ Z i] H a yy pee eTiBas ‘ a r ¥ " ‘ey ‘ ‘ 4 Pat ‘ * a > 7 i ~2 i vy * Aan ’ ba ey , f by = \ KK 7 “a COMB MAKERS The making of ivory combs in this country seems to have orig- inated in Connecticut and at the end of the eighteenth century was a flourishing industry in Hartford and Saybrook. They evidently continued to find a ready market until toward the end of the first quarter of the nineteenth century and were probably supplanted at that period by those of celluloid or other compo- sition, just as they had earlier displaced the more expensive ones of silver. Pratt, NATHAN Bi7 72,0. 1842 Essex Maker of ivory combs. Pratt, NATHAN, JR. b. 1802 . Essex Maker of ivory combs. SPENCER, GEORGE b. 1787, d. 1878 Essex Made ivory combs in Deep River in later life. Pratt, Ezra Working about 1794 Hartford Maker of ivory combs. Pratt, ExisHa Working about 1794 Hartford Maker of ivory combs. Pratt, ABEL Working about 1798 Saybrook Maker of ivory combs. Lorp, ANDREW Working about 1789 Saybrook The first maker of ivory combs in America. Merriam & CoLLins Working 1819 Meriden Makers of ivory combs. Howarp, Pratr& Co. Working 1822 Meriden Makers of ivory combs. Moss, Moses Working 1809 Farmington STANLEY, TIMOTHY Working 1809 Southington Jones, NATHANIEL Working 1809 Southington WiuiaMs, Davin 3p Working 1810 Hartford Maker of horn and tortoise shell combs. 15 . . 4 * Ad 4 a ad - 4 Pass . 4 oe v aoe : as n x j } iad ‘ : \ et : : é o 3 “ : Be ’ . . gt™y s = F 7 f &a, * s & > ; « ® ) u Pi A rs ‘ Pa t é . i “ ; y f “t: % he 7 i p ( ‘ r y 1 y ss & ’ i ~ ENGRAVERS At least two of the old Connecticut engravers must be included among the most proficient in the American colonies. Anyone who is familiar with Jocelyn’s maps and Doolittle’s historical views will appreciate the truth of this statement. Compared with their productions those of the patriot, Paul Revere, seem like the work of achild. Even the portrait of Washington by the youth- ful Samuel Danforth compares favorably with Revere’s plates. The silversmiths should be mentioned here also as producing some of the finer early engraving — with which they decorated the objects that came from their hands. The engravings of Asaph Willard of Connecticut scenes from drawings by J. W. Barber are also deserving of special attention. ALLEN, JOEL De1755,.d--1325 Southington and | Middletown ALLEN, LUTHER b. 1780, d. 1821 Brunton, Ricuarp Working late 18thcentury Suffield and Granby CHENEY, JOHN b. 1801, d. 1885 South Manchester CHENEY, SETH WELLs b. 1810, d. 1856 East Hartford and South Manchester DanrortH, Mosety Isaac _ b. 1800,d.1862 Hartford 1818 and New Haven 1821 DanrortH, SAMUEL bb. Sept. 7, 1770 Doo.ittLe, Amos b. 1754, d. 1832 Cheshire and New Haven FarrcuHitp, Louis __ b. 1800, d. after 1840 Farmington Farrman, GIDEON b. 1774, d. 1827 Hartford Hartrorp Grapuic & Banx Notre Co. Working 1817 Hartford 19 Jocetyn, NATHANIEL b. 1796, Working 1817 Hartford KimBERLEY, Dennison b. 1814, d. after 1862 Guilford, Hart- ford 1862 and Manchester Pease, JosepH Ives __ b. 1809, d. 1883 Norfolk, Hartford | and Salisbury Pease, RicHarp H. _b. 1813, d. after 1869 Brother of Joseph Ives Pease. PELTON, OLIVER b. 1799, d. 1882 Hartford about 1825 Reep, ABNER b. 1771, d. 1866 East Windsor 1811, and Hartford 1803-11 Reep & STILEs Working 1821-25 Hartford SANFORD, Isaac Working 1783 Hartford STILES, SAMUEL b. 1796, d. 1861 Hartford, 1821-25 TIspALE, ExxkanaH ~ b. about 1771,d.after1834 Hartford, 1799-1825 Wittarp, AsaPpH Working 1819 to 1828 Hartford The instructor of Fairchild, Kimberley and John Cheney. 20 . ¢ Jinpoog soup &q paavisug puv payvaurjad LOASILOAINNO’) AO dVJ\V = See < : “ s PE 'oDsayxs ueNen en Te 2 = bie! > > & ee ss : a ) GLASS WORKERS Some of the most highly esteemed of our early American flasks were made here during the last century. The productions of the Pitkin, New London, Westford and Willington glass works com- prise the larger proportion of the finest Connecticut glass. New Lonpon Grass Works Working before 1860 New London Pirxin Guiass Works Working 1783-1830 Manchester SmitH, SHERMAN © Working 1845 New Haven STEBBINS, THomas Working 1813-1823 Coventry STEBBINS & CHAMBERLAIN Co. Working 1824-1848 Coventry Tuames Grass Works Working after 1860 | New London Westrorp Grass Co. Working 1857-1873 Westford, Town of Ashford Wiurncton Grass Works Working until 1872 West Willington 23 " _ i on ' Fy 7 4 mls he 3 Ni i: = 4 4 Peer | >) ne & *% > bs _ Si RAVE q i % nae 3 TA, LITHOGRAPHERS The work of the few early native lithographers is neither very extensive nor very noteworthy. While it is true that some of the productions of the Kelloggs particularly are really creditable performances for what might be called “provincial” artists and craftsmen, they do not compare favorably with contemporary work done in Boston and New York. Bincuam, Dopp & Co. Working 1861 Hartford BurForp, J. H. Working 1845-50 D. W. Kettocc & Co. Working 1834 Hartford Kextoce, E. B. & E. C. Working 1846-60 Hartford 25 Joon (a eee Bp BARD WR it arts a sgh a4 el Sat, SQA WW ae MS %' yea hate 7 wlede lh ost ra ak AD athe slbaney. f syn Tyee CE RR Wate) ve sakgiate UW nt yess Hanaal “FANG “A tie eee ? | ya eA @ * +7 sree! on ae Oya ane bi, feb ‘ ‘ ’ ‘ : fy ; ¢ ail . 1 . ‘ { METAL WORKERS IN IRON, TIN, BRASS, Etc. The early blacksmith beside shoeing horses made the fireplace furnishings, betty lamps, hinges, scissors and other articles of household use too numerous to enumerate. It is only the earliest handwrought ironware, however, that has any real esthetic value. With the beginning of iron casting practically all of the individuality of objects in tron passed away forever. Brass and copper workers made pots, kettles, warming pans, etc., and tin- smiths turned out betty lamps and other objects. Once in a while pieces in different metals are found bearing the maker's name. I know of one wafer-iron with a maker's name and there are doubtless many other signed objects of which I have no first- hand knowledge. The first brass lamp designed to use whale oil of which there is a record was made by hand in 1807 in Water- bury. Hayven, Hiram Working early 19th century Waterbury Brass worker. Hicpy, JosEPH Working 1727 Granby Blacksmith. Jarvis, SAMUEL Working about 1742 Stamford Blacksmith. Jounson, Ira A. Working 1864 Middletown Maker of gun-locks. Mann, ALEXANDER be17 77, Middletown Gun maker. ParMLEE, ABEL Working 1736 New Haven Bell founder. Pattison, EpwarpD Working 1750-75 Berlin The earliest American tinsmith. Pattison, WILLIAM Working 1750 Berlin Tinsmith. 27 Petror, F.W.&O.Z. Working 1864 Makers of Britannia ware. Porter, ABEL & Co. Working 1816 Makers of brass, silver and plated ware. Sapp, Hervey b. 1776, d. 1840 Maker of iron stoves, pots and kettles. ScovILLE & Co. Working 1840 Makers of metal buttons. Scovitte, J. M. L. & W. H. Working 1840 Makers of rolled and plated metal ware. ScoviLLe Merce. Co. Working 1850 Makers of brass, silver and plated ware. Star, NATHAN Working 1826 Sword maker. WatwortTH, DaniEL __b. 1760, d. 1830 Brass and copper worker. Middletown Waterbury New Hartford Waterbury Waterbury Waterbury Middletown New Haven Warp, JAMES b. 1768, d.1856 Guilford and Hartford Brass and copper worker. Warp, WILLIAM b. 1705, d. 1761 Iron worker. : Watersury Brass Co. Working 1864 Makers of brass and copper ware, kettles, pots, etc. ALLEN, JOEL b. 1755, d. 1825 Brass worker. ALLEN, JOHN d. 1749 Brass worker. Avsop & SAVAGE Working 1864 Makers of firearms. AsHuTon, PETER H. Working 1864 Manufacturer of gun barrels. Bacon ManurFacturine Co. Working 1864 Makers of firearms. BEnepIcr, A. Working 1823-34 Maker of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. 28 Guilford Waterbury Middletown Waterbury Middletown Middletown Norwich Waterbury Farty Hanp-wroucut Iron Cake Turner AND Pipe Toncs fade in Connecticut l Benepict & BuRNHAM Working 1834-42 Waterbury Makers of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. Benepict & Burnuam Mrc. Co. Working 1842-64 Waterbury Makers of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. Benepict & Co. Working 1829-34 Waterbury Makers of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. BueEt, ABEL b. 1742, d. 1825 New Haven Brass, iron and steel worker. CuHEsEBoROUGH, WiLttIAM ~ =©Working about 1650 _—Stonington Blacksmith. Cor, IsraeL Working 1834 Wolcottville and Torrington Began the making of hammered brass kettles in that year. Cott, SamueL Working 1836-50 Whitneyville and Hartford Invented and patented the revolving cylinder for firearms in 1836. Dean, JAMES Working 1676 Stonington Blacksmith. Dean, JAMEs, JR. Working 1700 Stonington Blacksmith. Donce, Ezra b. 1766, d. 1798 New London Brass founder and gunsmith. DootIttLe, Enos Working 1799 Hartford Brass founder. Wetton, Lizut. Arp = Working 1775 Waterbury Gun maker. Wuirney, Eur Working 1798 New Haven Gun maker. Better known as the inventor of the cotton gin. Wuirtirr, JOHN Working about 1757 Fairfield | Bell founder. Witcox, Cyprian b. 1795, d. 1875 New Haven WinTuHrop, JOHN Working 1649 Montville Tron smelter. 29 MINIATURE PAINTERS Although Connecticut’s painters of portraits in miniature are numerous and several of them not without distinction, none of the greatest American practitioners of the art are numbered among them except Trumbull. Of the others, Tisdale and An-- son Dickinson are probably the most proficient. Ellsworth and Emmons, who were self taught, both succeeded in evolving a very individual type of miniature, based upon the popular “sil- houette,’ and were perhaps the most esteemed miniaturists of their time in the state. They travelled widely and worked in many towns and cities far separated. ALLEN, JOEL - b. 1755, d. 1825 Southington CusuMan, GeorcE Hewitt b. 1814, d. 1876 Windham Dickinson, Anson “b. 1780, d. 1852 Milton Dickinson, DaniEu b. 1795, d. after 1840 Litchfield Earz, Ratpu b. 1751, d. 1801 New Milford and Bolton Expripc_, C. W. b. 1811, d. after 1881 New London ELLsworTH, JAMES SANForD _ b. 1802, d. 1873-4. Windsor and His miniatures are almost invariably painted on thin paper. Norwich Emmons, ALEXANDER H. b. 1816, d. after 1879 Norwich Painted many miniatures on cardboard. FaircHiLp, Louis _ b. 1800, d. after 1840 Farmington FREEMAN, GEORGE b. 1787, d. 1868 Hartford | Hatt, ANN b. 1792, d. 1863 Pomfret Hott, SAMUEL b. 1801, d. after 1879 Meriden Jocetyn, NarHaniet sb. 1796, d. 1881 New Haven Lorp, Puorse GrirFin _ b. 1797, d. 1875 Lyme 33 Muncer, CAROLINE b. 1808, d. 1892 Guilford and Madison Muncer, GEORGE b. 1781, d. 1825 Guilford and New Haven Parker, THomas H. b. 1801 Worked for a number of years in Connecticut with C. W. Eldridge. SANFORD, Isaac Working 1783 to 1822 Hartford SHuumway, Henry CoLTon b. 1807, d. 1884 Middletown TispaLe, Erxanau_b. about 1771, d. after 1834 Lebanon TRUMBULL, JOHN b. 1756, d. 1843 Lebanon and His miniatures are practically all painted on wood. New Haven 34 Portrair Miniature oF Mrs. JENNIE Post By James Sanford Ellsworth MISCELLANEOUS CRAFTSMEN Auunc, EBENEZER Working about 1850 New Haven. Advertised as “Saddle, Harness, Trunk and Cap-Maker, Chapel Street.” GriswoLp, MatrHew Working 17th century Lyme Mason and stone cutter. Hart, Ferp. A. Working 1864 Middletown. Manufacturer of paper boxes, and hoop-skirt trimmings. Haypen, WILLIAM © Working 1644 Windsor Mason and stone cutter. Kies, Mary Working 1809 Killingly Weaver of straw with silk thread. Mattsy, Morton & Co. Working 1864 Waterbury Manufacturers of ivory and pearl buttons and trimmings. Moutturop, Reusen Working 1780 East Haven. Wax portrait maker. Pryce, NATHANIEL Working 1661 New London. Mason and stone cutter: 37 PAINTERS OF SHIP PICTURES As the painters of the now eagerly sought after pictures of our early sailing vessels very seldom signed their canvases, I con- sider myself fortunate indeed to be able to note three, at least, of these artists. Hue, I. F. Working in 1845 Bridgeport Jewett, Freperic STILES b. 1819, d. 1864 Hartford STANCLIFF, J. W. b. 1814, d. after 1879 Hartford 5 PEWTERERS The best of the native pewter was made by the Danforths and the Boardmans, and though it hardly compares favorably with that of Calder and Hamlin of Rhode Island for instance, it is of sufficient merit to warrant prominence in any display of Ameri- can pieces. The Wards and Porters and Fuller & Smith also made some creditable pieces, mostly tea and coffee pots, candle- sticks and lamps. BoarpMa\, J. D. Working 1828 Hartford BoarpmMaAN, Henry S. Working 1841 Hartford BoaRDMAN, SHERMAN Working 1828 Hartford BoarpMaNn, THomas D. Working early 19th century Hartford BroaDHEAD, Gurney & Co. Brooks, Davin S. Working 1828 Hartford DanrorTH, Epwarp 3 Hartford (?) DanForTH, SAMUEL Working early 19th century Hartford DanrortH, THomas b. 1708, d. about 1786 Norwich DanFortH, [Homas _ b. 1792, d. 1836 Rocky Hill Do.sBeare, JOHN New Haven(?) Futter & SmirH Working early 19th century Connecticut(?) Graves, Henry © Working 1849 Middletown GriLLey, Henry Working 1790 Waterbury Hatt, FRANKLIN Working 1840 Hartford House, Epwin Working 1841 Hartford Jaccer, Danret H. Working 1844 Hartford Jaccer, James M. Working 1843 Hartford Jaccer, WatTER W. Working 1839 Hartford 41 Working 1849 Working 1828 ManninG, THADDEUS Maron, Marcus Moore, 5. Working about 1820-30 Porter, A. Porter, F. Working early 19th century SAVAGE Working early 19th century Working 1795 Warp, JAMES Warp, H. B. Working early 19th century Warp,H. B. & Co. Working early 19th century YALE, SAMUEL Working 1794 Yate, H. & Co. Yate, W. &S. 42 Middletown Hartford Kensington Southington Westbrook Middletown Hartford Guilford Guilford | Meriden Wallingford Wallingford PORTRAIT PAINTERS IN OILS John Trumbull, Nathaniel Jocelyn, Francis Alexander and Ralph Earl were the best of the native portrait painters in oils and were all facile artists producing a creditable numbers of can- vases, many of them of real distinction. Among their contem- poraries several have not a few fine examples to their credit, especially Waldo and Jewett, Curtis, Catlin and Charles Loring Elhott. ALEXANDER, Francis _ b. 1800, d. 1881 ALLEN, LUTHER b. 1780, d. 1821 Baxer, Georce Aucustus_ b. 1821,d.1880 Working in Darien 1866-79 Batpwin, Georce b. about 1819,d. after 1879 Thompson and Mansfield Center Banninc, WituiAM J.__—b. 1810, d. 1856 BotrumgE, GeorceE F. b. 1828, d. after 1879 Norwich Bryant, Henry b. 1812, d. after 1879 Hartford CanpbEE, GEORGE Epwarp bb. 1838 New Haven CaTLin, GEORGE Pi7os cd, 15/2 Litchfield and Hartford Cuanpter, WintTHROP Db. 1747, d. 1790 Woodstock and Thompson Coes, JoHN b. 1780 Hartford Generally his portraits are on panel and measure about 22x 27 inches. They have lead colored backgrounds. Cummincs, THoMas Sier_ b. 1804, d. 1894. Working 1866-89 Mansfield Centre Curtis, CALVIN b. 1822, d. after 1879 Waterbury and Bridgeport 45 Dickinson, Ouiver, Jr. b. 1757, d. 1847 Milton The father of Anson and Daniel Dickinson, miniature painters. DurrliE, JOHN b. 1818, d. after 1879 New Haven Ear, Ratpy_b. 1751, d. 1801 Working 1796 in Litchfield EL.ioTT, BENJAMIN F._ b. 1829, d. 1870 Middletown and Hartford E.uiotT, CHARLES Lorinc b. 1812, d. 1868 Working in Hartford in 1865 Emmons, ALEXANDER H., b. 1816, d. after 1879 Norwich FaAIRMAN, GIDEON b. 1774, d. 1827 Hartford FANNING, SOLOMON Db. 1807, d. after 1879 Norwich FisHER, ALVIN b. 1792, d. 1863 Hartford Fiacc, Grorce W. b. 1817, d. 1897 New Haven Fiacc, JARED BrapLey b. 1820, d. 1899 Hartford and from 1870-1873 New Haven Hewins, Puturp_ b. 1806,d.1850 Working 1834-50 in Hartford Hott, SAMUEL b. 1801, d. after 1879 Hartford Hotcukiss, WatEs Db. 1826, d. after 1879 New Haven IsHamM, RALPH b. about 1820 Hartford Jewett, Wittiam b.1795 Pupil and partner of Samuel Waldo Jewett, WitiiaM S. Jocetyn, NaTHANIEL b. 1796, d. 1881 New Haven Jounson, Horace C. b. 1824, d. after 1879 Hartford and Waterbury Jones, S. K. b. 1825, d. after 1879 New Haven KIMBERLEY, DENNISON b. 1814, d. after 1862 Guilford Koxuner, WILLIAM b. 1816, d. 1876 Hartford and Warehousepoint 46 Wiuiam Rocers By John Trumbull & Kesster, Otro b.1837,d.after1879 Working in Hartford in 1863-5 LyMAN, SYLVESTER S. b. 1813, d. after 1879 Hartford MircHELL, JoHN b. 1811, d. 1866 Hartford and New London Morse, SAMUEL FINLEY BREESE b. 1791, d. 1872 Mouvuturturop, Reusen sb. 1763, d. 1814 East Haven Munson, Lucius b. 1796, d. 1823 New Haven Oscoon, S. S. b. 1798, d. about 1885 Hartford PLACKETT, EBENEZER b. 1844, d. after 1879 New Milford Primus, Netson A. b. 1843, d. after 1879 Hartford RossiTrer, THomaAs Pricuarp _b. 1818,d.1871 New Haven SHEFFIELD, Isaac b. 1798, d. 1845 New London Painted many sea captains, telescope in hand against red curtains, early in the 19th century. SMITH, ESTHER Hartford STEWART, Rev. JosEPH b. 1750, d. after 1800 New Haven STONE, WiLi1aM OLIVER b. 1830, d. 1875 New Haven Story, Georce H. b. 1835 New Haven Tuompson, Henry Ives _ b. 1840,d. after 1879 New Haven TRUMBULL, JOHN b. 1756, d. 1843 Hartford and New Haven Wa po, SAMUEL b. 1783, d. 1861 Litchfield and Hartford The pictures done in partnership by Waldo and Jewett are generally signed with both names. WHEEL Ler, W. R. b. 1832, d. after 1893 Hartford 47 Witson, Matruew _b. 1814, d. 1892 Working in Hartford in 1861-3 Painted life size heads in pastel and crayon. WriGHT, GEORGE b. 1828, d. after 1879 Hartford Wouwnoer, ApaLBertT _ b. 1827, d. after 1879 | Worked in Hart- ford during 1855-1869 Wuire,Epwin’ b.1817. = Working 1835-1840 in Bridgeport and Norwalk 48 4s 2 ¥, i > ie . \ a i ; & 7) Kisstinc Mirror Eastern Connecticut. 18th Century POTTERS In the early nineteenth century the making of pottery in the state was well established in widely separated districts. Some of the surviving pieces are remarkably fine in form and very beautiful in finish, a fine glaze adding interest and value to many. AnpreEws, C. S. Working 19th century Danbury Brock, Hervey Working 18th century Litchfield BucGBeE, THOMAS Working 1793 Quasset Cross, PETER Working 1805 Hartford DunvTzE, J. New Haven GoopaLe, B. Hartford GoopaLeE, DANIEL Working 1818-1830 Hartford Goopwin, Horace & McCioup WEBSTER Working 1810-1850 Hartford Goopwin, T. O. Hartford Norton, Cart.Joun Workingearly 19thcentury | Goshen Founded later the famous Bennington Pottery. PEWTRESS, S.L. New Haven Pierce, JOHN Working 1753 Litchfield Porrs,C.&Son +‘ Working1796 =‘“Bean Hill,” Norwich Ristey, Sipney b. 1814,d.1875 Working 1846-1857 Norwich Seymour, NATHANIEL Working 1790-1825 Hartford SmiTH & Day Working late 19th century Norwalk SouTER, JOHN Working 1790-1808 Hartford States, ADAM Working 1796 Stonington States, ADAM, JR. Working 1804 Stonington STATES, JOSEPH Working 1804 Stonington 51 STEDMAN & SEYMOUR New Haven Wapuams, JessE Working 18th century Litchfield WEssTER & SON Working 1850-1857 Hartford WHEELER, L. W. Working about 1850 Norwalk Woop, Cart. Enocn Working 1856-1865 Norwalk 52 PRINTERS The first printer in colonial Connecticut was Thomas Short, who was working in New London in 1710, forty-five years ar more prior to the Parkers of New Haven who issued the first Connecticut newspaper in 1755. By the beginning of 1775, there were four newspapers in the state, at New London, New Haven, Hartford and Norwich; in 1810 they had increased in number to seven. The only early woman printer I can find was Hannah Watson of Hartford (probably the widow of Eben Wat- son) who was working in 1777. Amos Doolittle, the engraver, whose eighteenth century map of the state every collector should own, was twice actively engaged in printing; in 1783, with Simon Jocelin and in 1786, with Daniel Read, both of New Haven. Bascock, EnisHa Working 1785-1800 Hartford Bascock, JOHN Working 1793-1824 Hartford Batpwin & TrEapway Working 1829 New Haven Bartow & Bascock Working 1784-5 Hartford Beacu, Lazarus Working 1798-1800 Newfield and Bridgeport Beacu & JoNnEs Working 1795 Newfield Beacu & Storrs Working 1794 Hartford Bowen, Danie. Working 1786-7 New Haven Bunce, GEorGE Working 1797 New Haven Bunce & SPENCER Working 1797 New Haven BusHNELL, EBENEZER Working 1791 Norwich BusHneLt & Husparp Working 1793 Norwich Byrne, JOHN Working 1796-1800 Windham Cuark, E. & H. Working 1825 Middletown Cotuier, THOMAS Working 1787-1799 Litchfield 53 Cotuier & Buen Working 1791(!)-1795 Litchfield CoLuieR & Copp Working 1784-5 Litchfield Doourrrte, A. & Danten Reap = Working 1786 = New Haven Dovuctas, NATHAN Working 1793 Ridgefield Dovuctias & Nicuots Working 1797-1799 Danbury Douctas, NatHan & Epwarps Ery Working 1790-2 Danbury Dunninc, TertTIUs Working 1798-1800 Middletown Dunnine, T. & J.B. Working about 1805 Middletown Exy, E. Danbury Exy & NicHoLs Working 1796 Danbury FarnswortuH, Havita & OLIVER Working 1797 Suffield Forcue & BunKeLEy Working 1789 Fairfield Gueason, PETER B. & Co. Working 1816 | Hartford Gray, EDWARD Working 1799-1800 Suffield Gray, Joun C. Working 1800 Danbury GREEN, JOHN Working 1757 New London GREEN, SAMUEL Working 1766 New Haven GREEN, SAMUEL Working 1767-1820 New London Green, Natu’s & Timoruy, Jr. Working 1758(?) New London GrEEN, TIMOTHY Working 1713-1792 New London Green, T. & S. Working 1767-1800 New Haven Green, T. & Son Working 1787-1801 New Haven GreEN, THOMAS Working 1764-1767 Hartford Green & SPOONER Working 1773-1778 Norwich Green & WaTSON Working 1769 Hartford Hott, CHARLES Working 1798 _ New London 54 Hopkins, E. Working 1800 Sharon Husparp, THomas’ Working 1794-1800 Norwich Husparp, THomas & Son Working 1807 Norwich Hupson & Goopwin Working 1780-1812 Hartford © JocELin, SIMEON | Working 1788 New Haven Jocetin, Simeon & Amos DootitrLeE Working 1783 New Haven Law, WILLIAM Working 1792 Cheshire Lincotn & GLEASON Working 1803 Hartford MansFIELD, JARED Working 1802 New Haven Mecom, Benjamin’ Working 1764-1767 New Haven Meics, Josiau Working 1787-1789 New Haven Meics, Bowen & Dana Working 1784 New Haven Meics & Dana Working 1787 New Haven Miter & Forcue Working 1787 Fairfield Morse, ABEL Working 1789-1793 New Haven NIcHOLs, STILES Working 1800 Danbury Nicuots & Price Working 1819 Norwalk O’Brien, Epwarp Working 1797 New Haven Parker, J ACOBUS Working 1755-9 New Haven Parker, JAMES Working 1755-1757 New Haven Parker, JAMes & Co. Working 1755-1762 New Haven Issued the first newspaper in the colony, The Connecticut Gazette, Jan. Ist, 1755. Patren, NatuaniEL Working 1777-1800 Hartford Pratt, LUTHER Working 1799-1800 East Windsor Reap & Morse Working 1800 New Haven Roserts & Burr Working 1822 Hartford 55 Ropertsons & TRUMBULL Working 1773 Alexander and James Robertson and John Trumbull. RussELL, JOHN, JR. Working 1813 SEABURY, SAMUEL Working 1824 Working 1828 Working 1765 SHERMAN, M. SHERMAN, RocER & B. Mecom SHort, ['HOMAS Working 1710 Working 1814 Working 1774 SPENCER, FREDERICK SPooneER, J. P. SPRINGER, JAMES STEELE, O. & Co. STERRY, JOHN Working 1795-1800 Working 1810 Working 1799 Srerry, Joun & Co. Working 1795-6 SrorER, Witu1aM, Jr. Working 1824 Tiesout & O’BRIEN Working 1796 TRUMBULL, JOHN Working 1776-1798 TRUMBULL, SAMUEL Working 1798-1802 TRUMBULL, JoHN & J. STERRY Wa ter & STEELE Working 1812 WasHBuRN, Epwarp & EpHRiAM Watson, EBEN Working 1771-1777 Watson, Hanna Working 1777 Watson & GoopWwIN Working 1778 WEBB, SAMUEL Working 1813 WessTER, BAvIL Working 1780-3 Wopwarp, Moses H. -Woopwarp, T. G. Woopwarp & GREEN Working 1793 Working 1818 Working 1785 56 Working 1794 Working 1795 Norwich Hartford Stonington Bridgeport New Haven New London Middletown Norwich New London Norwich Norwich Stonington New Haven Norwich Stonington Norwich New Haven Danbury Hartford Hartford Hartford Windham Hartford Middletown New Haven Middletown . x : if \ - s ~ . 4 ¥ ; } . * ' ’ Fa ~ : , \ . ‘ ‘ P ‘ r | | | | \ a t Ps ' i ; , t . . : ; , : rie AY ait |: , Pn y ‘ | ; | tw | Hi | ; oe ° a q Ae ¥) f v Patt Luce tne i ‘ R : ‘ ) f ; ’ ; \" » . . te fi * ' Vid 7 FY Ree ‘ | 7% J } ie © if rae ‘< ee da ) fi. “ i ») | SCULPTORS Axers, BENJAMIN PauL b. 1825, d. 1861 Norwich 1835 AxkeErs, CHARLES b. 1836, d. after 1879 Waterbury 1860, 1869, 1875 Aucur, HmzekIaH b. 1791, d. 1858 New Haven BARTHOLOMEW, E:pwWaRD SHEFFIELD b. 1822,d.1858 Hartford BarTLETT, TRUMAN Howe sb. 1836,d. after 1879 Waterbury » 1862, New Haven 1863-7 Ives, Cuauncy B. __ b. 1812, d. after 1879 New Haven Warner, Ouin Levi b. 1844, d. 1896 Born in Suffield 59 gee es iene A letat 4 wee? AAS. rte nets eee ye Pt ee ee eee hohe frond ger re torre. ie se eres amperes eres ti rp bi “i M3 ig Sia meee san eh sc wre ; eee® a: NM 3 i epee oO tn PES, ree setae ie A ss ee PR ALCO OOO TPMT oO A ee eR SE eee ee MERIT eee SIT SAMPLER BY Betsey MErRIMé of Hamden, Conn. (Worked at the age of nine, in 1796) Property of Burton Mansfield, Esq., New Haven > 2 Cort, JoHN ELDERKIN, JOHN Haypon, Ur1AH JEFFREY, JOHN Morey, SAMUEL Moutp, Hucu Tucker, JOHN SHIP BUILDERS Working 1660-66 Working 1661 Working 1775 Working 1723-33 Working 1794 Working 1660-78 Working 1720 61 New London New London Essex Groton Hartford New London Essex Roce: Q ni 45 ‘ a Hair | SILHOUETTE CUTTERS Brown, WILu1AM Henry b. 1808, d. 1883 Hartford Published his celebrated book of silhouettes called the “Portrait Gallery of Distinguished American Citizens” in Hartford in 1846. MELForbD, SAMUEL Working 1842 New Haven 63 a = a SILVERSMITHS _ The earliest of the Connecticut silversmiths was one Job Prince of Milford, born in 1680, who died probably in 1703. I know of no properly identified example of his work. The next was a Hugenot who settled in Norwich in 1708, Rene Grignon. A two-handled cup made by him is illustrated in Curtis’s “Early Silver of Connecticut.” The third and fourth in point of priority were respectively, Cornelius Kierstead, a Dutchman, baptized in New York in 1675, who was working in New Haven in 1722 and John Potwine, born in Boston in 1698, who moved to Hart- ford about 1737. A baptismal basin and a two-handled beaker by the former and two beakers by the latter are shown in Mr. Curtis’s book. Among the foremost of the native craftsmen of a little later date, stand Miles Beach of Litchfield and Hartford, working in the latter half of the eighteenth century; Pygan Adams (1712- 1776) who worked in New London; Robert Fairchild (1703- 1794) working in Durham, Stratford and New Haven; John Gardner (1734-1776) who practised his calling in New London and William Ward (1705-1761) of Guilford. Examples of the work of all these men prove them to have been craftsmen of the highest order. Pieces of silver from their hands are invariably of fine proportion and exquisite workmanship. ApcaTE, WILLIAM b. 1744, d. 1779 Norwich Apams, Pycan Poly iasde 770 New London ALLEN, JOEL Bul 755, 0: 1025 Southington and Middletown Austin, EBENEZER b.1733 Hartford Avery, JOHN b. 1732, d. 1794 Preston Avery, JOHN, JR. _ b. 1755, d. 1815 Preston Avery, RoBert STAUNTON b. 1771, d. 1846 Preston 65 AVERY, SAMUEL b. 1760, d. 1836 Preston Avery, WILLIAM b. 1765, d. 1798 Preston Baspcock, SAMUEL b. 1788, d. 1857 Middletown and Saybrook Bartey, R. H. Working 1810 Woodstock Batcu, EBENEZER b. 1723, d. 1808 Hartford and Wethersfield Barser, WILLIAM Working 1843 Hartford Barrows, JAMEs Mapison b. 1809, d. after 1828 Tolland BarTHOLOMEW, RoswELL b. 1781, d. 1830 Hartford Beacu, Isaac d. about 1768 New Milford Beacu, Mites b. 1742, d. 1828 Litchfield and Hartford BEECHER, CLEMENT b. 1778, d. 1869 Berlin and Cheshire BENJAMIN, Barzittar _ b. 1774, d. 1844 Bridgeport and New Haven BENJAMIN, Everard _ b. 1807, d. 1874 New Haven BENJAMIN, JOHN b. 1730, d. 1796 Stratford BENJAMIN, SAMUEL C, _b. 1801, d. 1831 New Haven Benuam, Morris Working 1843 Hartford Biiurnos, A. Working 1780 Preston © Biuuincs, DANIEL Advertised in 1795 Preston BLACKMAN, FREDERICK STARR b. 1811, d. 1898 Danbury Buackman, F.S. & Co. Working 1840 Danbury BLACKMAN, JOHN Starr b, 1777, d. 1851 Danbury Buiacxmay, J. C. & Co. Bridgeport 66 Buiackman, J.C. & F.S. BLackMAN, JOHN CLARK b. 1808, d. 1872 Danbury and Bridgeport BLaKSLEE, WILLIAM b. 1795, d. 1879 Newtown BLAKSLEE, ZIBA b. 1768, d. 1825 Newtown Bontecou, TimotHy _ b. 1693, d. 1784 New Haven BonTeEcou, TIMoTHy, Jr. b. 1723,d.1789 ~» New Haven Borsrorp, Giweon B. ib. 1776, d. 1866 Woodbury Braptey, ANER b. 1753, d. 1824 New Haven and | Watertown BrapLey, PHINEAS b. 1745, d. 1797 New Haven Brap ey, RicHARD b. 1787, d. 1867 Hartford Braptey AND Bunce Worked in Hartford BrabDLey, ZEBUL b. 1780, d. 1859 New Haven Brapiey & MEerRRIMAN Advertised in 1847 New Haven BraDLeEY, ZEBUL, & Son BRAINARD, CHARLES b. 1787, d. 1850 Hartford BreEpD, JOHN b. 1752, d. 1803 Colchester Brewer, CHARLES b. 1778, d. 1860 Middletown Brewer & Mann Worked in Middletown Brewster, ABEL b. 1775, d. after 1805 Canterbury and Norwich BuE., ABEL b. 1742, d. 1825 New Haven Established a type foundry in New Haven. Made the first authorized Connecticut copper coins. Constructed the first lapidary machine used in this country about 1766. 4 Buet, D. H. & Co, Working 1800 __.. Hartford Bue, JoHN b. 1744, d. 1783 New Haven and | Derby 67 BuEL, SAMUEL Worked in Middletown and Hartford. Advertised in Middletown in 1777, and in Hartford in 1779. Butt, CALEB Butt, G. W. Butt, Martin b. 1746, d. 1797 Working 1840 b. 1744, d. 1825 Burpick, Witi1am 8S. Advertised in 1814 68 Hartford Farmington Farmington New Haven Burnap, DANIEL b. 1760, d. 1838 Coventry, Hartford and East Windsor Burritu, THEOPHILUS d. 1739 New London BusHNELL, Potneas _ b. 1741, d. 1836 Saybrook and Guilford CanveEE, Lewis Burton b. 1806, d. 1861 Woodbury CANFIELD, SAMUEL d. after 1807 Middletown CanFieLp & Foor Worked in Middletown CARPENTER, JOSEPH b. 1747, d. 1804 Norwich Case, GEORGE Advertised in 1779 East Hartford -Cuampuin, Joun b. 1745, d. 1800 New London Cuaprin, AARON b. 1753, d. 1838 Hartford CuitrenvEN, Bertau _ b. 1751, d. 1827 New Haven CHITTENDEN, EBENEZER b. 1726, d. 1812 Madison and New Haven Cuurcn, JosEPH b. 1794, d. 1876 Hartford Criark, JOSEPH d. 182747 Danbury Crark, Levi b. 1801, d. 1875 Norwalk - Crark, Peter G. Advertised in 1810 New Haven Cuark, WILLIAM b. 1750, d. 1798 New Milford Earty Connecticut SILVER SPOONS Reading left to right: 1 (Rat-tail), By Wm. Ward of Guilford, 1705-61; 2, By John Staniford of Windham, working 1790; 3, By John Benjamin of Stratford, 1730-96; 4, By Robert Fairchild of Strat- ford, 1703-94; 5, By James Ward of Litchfield, 1763-89; 6, By John Gardner of New London, 1734-76; 7, By Miles Beach of Litchfield, born 1742. a Cruark & Co1rT Working 1820 Norwich CLEVELAND, B. Working 1750 Norwich CLeveLaNnpD, Witi1aAMm__ Db. 1770, d. 1837 Norwich Grandfather of President Cleveland. Corr, E. Working 1810 Norwich Corr, THomas CHESTER | b. 1791, d. 1841 Norwich Corr & MansFietp Worked in Norwich Copp, JosEPH Advertised in 1757 New London Currier & TROTT Working 1805 New London Curtiss, DANIEL b. 1801, d. 1878 Woodbury Curtiss & CanpEE Worked in Woodbury Curtiss, CANDEE & STILES Worked in Woodbury Curtiss & STILEs Worked in Woodbury Curtis, JOEL b. 1786 Curtis, Lewis b. 1774, d. 1845 Farmington Cutter, E. Working 1827 New Haven Cutter, RicHarD b. 1736, d. 1810 New Haven Cutier,Ricuarp,Jr. b.1774,d. 1811 New Haven Cut Ler, Ricuarp & Sons Worked in New Haven CuTLer, WILLIAM b. 1785, d. 1817 New Haven CUTLER, SILLIMAN, Warp & Co. Worked in New Haven DacceET, HENRY b. 1741, d. 1830 New Haven Davison, BarZILLal b. 1740, d. 1828 Norwich Davison, C. Working 1800 Norwich Dennis, EBENEZER b. 1753 Hartford Dennis, GrorcE, JR. b. 1749 Norwich Desuon, DaNnIEL b. 1697, d. 1781 New London Fs Dexter, MINERVA b. 1785 Working 1810 Connecticut’s only woman silversmith. Dickinson, ANSON b. 1780, d. 1852 b. 1766, d. 1798 b. 1754, d. 1832 Donce, Ezra DoouitTTLe, Amos Doouitre, Enos Advertised 1781-2 b. 1740, d. 1776 . 1759, d. 1833 1753; d. eze Douctas, RoBERT ELperKIn, ALFRED b ELpEerKIN, ELISHA b Evuiott, JoHN AARON ELuswortH, Davip b. 1742, d. 1821 FarrCHILD, ROBERT b. 1703, d. 1794 b. 1788, d. after 1857 Middletown Milton New London New Haven Hartford New London Windham Killingworth Sharon Windsor, Durham, Stratford and New Haven FarrcHILD, JOSEPH Working in 1824 Fircu, ALLEN b. 1785 Fitcu, D. M. Working 1840 Fircu, J. Working 1810 Fircu & Hoparr Working before 1813 Foote, WILLIAM b. 1772 Fox, AnNpREw W. Working 1843 b. 1785, d. 1862 Gatiup, CHRISTOPHER b. 1764, d. 1849 Francis, Jutrus C. GarDINER, JOHN b. 1734, d. 1776 Sometimes spelt his name Gardner. GILBERT, SAMUEL Advertised in 1798 b. 1797, d. 1869 b. 1787, d. 1864 Goopwin, ALLYN Goopwin, Horace 70 New Haven New Haven New Haven New Haven New Haven East Haddam Hartford Middletown North Groton now Ledyard New London Hebron Hartford Hartford Goopwin, H. & A. Goopwin, RaLpH Goopwin & Dopp ‘ GoruaM, JOHN Goruam, Mites GoruaM, RIcHARD GraHAM, DANIEL Gray, JoHN GREENLEAF, Davip b. 1793, d. 1866 Advertised in 1812 Advertised in 1814 b. 1757, d. 1847 b. 1775, d. 1841 b. 1764 Advertised in 1789 b. 1684, d. 1713 b. 1737, d. 1800 GreENLEAF, Davin, Jr. b. 1765, d. 1835 GREENLEAF, JOSEPH Gricnon, RENE b. 1778, d. 1798 b. before 1691, d. 1715 Hartford Hartford Hartford New Haven New Haven New Haven West Suffield New London Norwich Hartford New London Norwich The second silversmith in Connecticut of whom record has been found. GrIswoLp, GILBERT GrIswoLp, W. Gunn, Enos Gurey, WILLIAM Hatuam, JoHN Hamuin, WILLIAM Hanks, BENJAMIN HarLanp, THOMAS Working late 19th century Working 1825 b. 1770 b. 1764 Advertised in 1804 b. 1752, d. 1800 0.1772 b. 1738, d. 1810 b. 1735, d. 1807 Hartanp, Tuomas, Jr. b. 1781, d. 1806 Hart, EvrpHaz b. 1789, d. 1866 71 Middletown and Portland Middletown Waterbury Norwich New London Middletown Windham, Litchfield ~ and Ashford Norwich Norwich New Britain and Norwich Hart, JuDAH b. Hart AND Bu Iss Hart & BREWER Hart & WILLcox HEQUEMBOURG, CHARLES, JR. Hopkins, JoHN 1777, d. 1824 Working 1803-4 Working 1800-1803 Working 1805-7 Hucues, J. Working 1798 Huntincton, RoswELL b. 1763 Working in 1784 _ Jarvis, Munson b. 1742, d. 1825 JENNINGS, JACOB b. 1729, d. 1817 Jennincs, Jacos,Jr. b. 1779 ‘JoHonnot, Witut1am _ b. 1766, d. 1849 Hiniprup, THomas d. 1804 Hircucock, Exiaxim __b. 1726, d. 1788 Hopart, JosHuA Houimes, IsraEu b. 1768, d. 1802 Hopkins, JESSE b. 1766 Working about 1770 b. 1760, d. 1851 Middletown and Norwich Middletown Middletown Norwich New Haven Middletown Norwich Stamford Norwalk Norwalk Middletown Hartford Cheshire and New Haven New Haven Greenwich and Waterbury Waterbury Waterbury Made plated knee and shoe buckles, buttons and other plated ware. Hopkins, JosEPH b. Hopkins, STEPHEN b. Horcukxiss, Hezex1aH(?) Hucu_es, EpmMuND Hucues & Butss Hucues & Francis 1730, d. 1801 1721, d. 1796 d. 1761 Working in 1806 Working in 1806 Working in 1807-9 72 Waterbury Waterbury New Haven Middletown Middletown Middletown HuntincTon, Pur ib. 1770, d. 1825 Norwich KEE LER, A. Working 1800 Norwalk KEELER, JOSEPH b. 1786, d. 1824 Norwalk KiERSTEAD, CORNELIUS b. 1674, d. 1753(?) New Haven Kine, JosEPH d. after 1807 Middletown Kinney, Tuomas Working early 19th century Norwich Kipren, GEORGE b. 1790, d. after 1825 Middletown and Bridgeport KirTLAND, JOSEPH P. b. 1770 Middletown Advertised in 1796 Laturop, Rurus b. 1731, d. 1805 Norwich Lewis, Isaac b. 1773, d. 1860 Huntington and Ridgefield LINDSLEY, CLARK Working 1843 Hartford Loup, Asa b. 1765, d. 1823 Hartford Marin, Davin b. 1752, d. 1843 Stonington Mann, ALEXANDER b. 1777 Middletown MansFIELD, ExisHa Hype ib. 1795 Norwich MarBLE, SIMEON b. 1777, d. 1856 New Haven Merriman, Marcus __ b. 1762, d. 1850 New Haven Merriman, Marcus, JR. Merriman, Marcus & Co. MerriIMAN & BRADLEY MeErrRIMAN & TUTTLE MeErRIMAN, REUBEN b. MERRIMAN, SAMUEL b. MERRIMAN, SILAS b Working in 1826 1783, d. 1866 1769, d. 1805 - 1734, d. 1805 73 New Haven New Haven New Haven New Haven Litchfield New Haven New Haven Merrow, NaTHANn b. 1758, d. 1825 East Hartford Moss,Isaac Nicuots __ b. 1760, d. 1840 Derby Munson, Amos bi 2753, di r78e Ge New Haven Munson, CorneELius b. 1742 Wallingford Myeatr, Comrort STARR b. 1763, d. 1823 Danbury Myeatrt, Davin b. 1777, d. 1822 Danbury Myearrt, Ext b. 1742, d. 1807 Danbury Neweerry, Epwin C. Working in 1828 Brooklyn Nortu, W. B.& Co. Working about 1800-1820 New Britain Norton, ANDREW b. 1765, d. 1838 Goshen Norton, THomMAS b. 1773, d. 1834 Farmington Norton, C. C. Working 1820 East Hartford Noyes, SAMUEL b. 1747, d. 1781 Norwich Oakes, FREDERICK Working in 1814 Hartford Oakes & SPENCER Working in 1814 Hartford OtmstTeD, NATHANIEL b. 1785, d. 1860 Farmington and New London Oris, JONATHAN b. 1723, d. 1791 Middletown PaRMELE, JAMES b. 1763, d. 1828 Durham PARMELE, SAMUEL b. 1737, d. 1803 Guilford PEABopy, JOHN Advertised in 1779 Enfield Peck, TimoTHy b. 1765, d. 1818 Middletown and Litchfield Pitkin, Joun O. b. 1803, d. 1891 East Hartford Pirxin, WALTER b. 1808, d. 1885 East Hartford Post, SAMUEL b. 1736 New London Advertised in 1783-4 | 74 Potwin_E, JOHN b. 1698, d. 1792 Hartford, East Windsor and Coventry Pratt, NATHAN b. 1772, d. 1842 Essex Pratt, NaTuan, JR. b. 1802 Essex Pratt, PHINEAS b. 1747, d. 1813 Westbrook and Lyme Pratt, SETH b. 1741, d. 1802 Lyme PRINCE, JOB b. about 1680(?) d. about 1703 (?) Milford The first Connecticut silversmith of whom we have record. QuINTARD, PETER b. 1699, d. 1762 Norwalk Reep, Isaac b. 1746 Stamford Reep, I. & Son Working 1810 Stamford Roatu, Roswett WatsTen b. 1805 Norwich Roserts, L. D. Working 1843 Hartford RockweE LL, THomas d. 1795 Norwalk Rocers, Asa Working 1843 Hartford Rocers, JosEPH d. 1825 Hartford Rocers, WILLIAM b. 1801, d. 1873 Hartford RussELL, JONATHAN b. 1770 Ashford Sapp, Hervey b. 1776, d. 1840 New Hartford SANFORD, Isaac Advertised in 1785 Hartford _ SARGEANT, JACOB b. 1761, d. 1843 Mansfield and Hartford SHERMAN, Epwarpb Working 1843 Hartford SHETHAR, SAMUEL Working 1801-06 Litchfield and New Haven SHETHAR & GoRHAM Working 1806 New Haven SHETHAR & THompson Working 1801 Litchfield 75 Suipman, NATHANIEL _ b. 1764, d. 1853 b. 1778, d. 1808 Working 1801-06 SIBLEY, CLARK SipLEY & MARBLE S1ntiman, HEZEKIAH b. 1738 d. 1858 Advertised in 1826 Smiru, EsENEzER Working late 18th century b. 1787, d. 1878 Working 1843 SKINNER, EXLIZER SPENCER, GEORGE SPENCER, JAMES, JR. STANIFORD, JOHN Working in 1793 STanTON, DANIEL b. 1755, d. 1781 Stanton, Enocu# b. 1745, d. 1781 STANTON, ZEBULON b. 1753, d. 1828 Stites, Benjamin. Working about 1830 STILLMAN, SAMUELS. Working 1850 Surron, Rosert Working early 19th century TERRY, GEER Terry, L. B. Terry,.W. Tuomson, Isaac b. 1775, d. 1858 Working 1810 Working 1780 Working 1801-05 TiLey, JAMES b. 1740, d. 1792 b. 1757 Advertised in 1779 Tompkins, EpMUND Tracy, Erastus b. 1768, d. 1795 Tracy, GURDON b. 1767, d. 1792 b. 1769, d. 1852 76 Trott, JoHN PRocTor Norwich New Haven New Haven New Haven Hartford Brookfield Essex Hartford Windham Stonington Stonington Stonington Woodbury Hartford New Haven Enfield Enfield Enfield Litchfield Hartford Waterbury Norwich and New London New London New London Trott, JONATHAN b. 1730, d. 1815 Norwich and New London Trott, JONATHAN,JR. b. 1771, d. 1813 New London Trott, JonATHAN P. & Son Working 1800 New London Trott & Brooks Advertised in 1798 New London Trotr & CLeveLanp Advertised in 1792 New London Tutte, BETHUEL b. 1779, d. 1813 New Haven Tutte, WILLIAM b. 1800, d. 1849 New Haven and Suffield Urrorp & Burpick Advertised in 1814 New Haven WatworTH, Danie, ib. 1760, d. 1830 Middletown Warp, AMBROSE b. 1735, d. 1808 New Haven Warp, Bitiious By 1720.0, 777 Guilford Warp, JAMES b. 1768, d. 1856 Hartford Warp & BARTHOLOMEW Working 1804-09 Hartford Warp, BarrHotomew & Brarnarp Working 1809-30 Hartford Warp, JoHN Advertised 1805 Middletown Warp & HucHEs Dissolved in 1806 Warp, TrmoTHY b. 1742, d. 1768 Middletown Warp, WILLIAM b. 1736, d. 1826 Litchfield Warp, WILLIAM b. 1705, d. 1761 Guilford Waroin, DaNniIeEL Advertised in 1811 Bridgeport WELLEs, ANDREW b. 1783, d. 1860 Hebron WELLEs, L. T. Working about 1815 Hartford We tes, L. T.& Co. Working about 1820 Hartford WE tts, WILLIAM b. 1766 Hartford fel Wuire, Amos b. 1745, d. 1825 Wuite, PeREGRINE b. 1747, d. 1834 Waite, PETER b. 1718, d. 1803 Wuirtine, B. Working 1749 Wuitinc, CHARLES b. 1725, d. 1865 Witticox, ALVAN b. 1783, d. 1865 Wittcox, Cyprian b. 1795, d. 1875 WituiamMs, DEopAT d. 1781 Wi.uiams, Otiver S. Working 1843 Witmort, SAMUEL b. 1777, d. 1846 Advertised in 1808 Wivmot & STILLMAN Woopwarp, ANTIPAS b. 1763 Yeomans, ELIJAH b. 1738, d. 1794 Younc, Epenezer Advertised in 1778-80 Youna, Levi Advertised in 1827 78 East Haddam and Meriden Woodstock Norwalk Norwich Norwich Norwich and New Haven New Haven Hartford Hartford New Haven New Haven Middletown Hartford Hebron Bridgeport 7 7 = = = ms = ‘es se - 7 < > =. re " f stn — = - a — s us as = Ft + = : . = % , = a = = ‘ é = =< r ” ‘ # be. = — ; - 3 hs : i " = Py ®: = . - F ¢ = t i a } . ie e x 4 é * ae A THREE HUNDRED & TWENTY-FIVE COPIES PRIVATELY PRINTED FOR FREDERIC FAIRCHILD SHERMAN, MAY, MCMXXV Ee a { i 1 ca ik yi . ‘ Ba aid . ' } ' ‘ , a a. ¢ p ay + Was a. ‘ A \ ‘ : ' i y 1 ‘ { ; ‘ * di } j a { 5 ' ue iM e i BY fod i Y re ‘ ‘ ‘i \ . 4 i. 4 ~ * ¥ K; é oe: \ ae 2 “ ’ \ i : i \ h ! “eo ie re Rats ce Sat a. oe EN. ~ ti P pe aa erehe” aaatd Bea Moan Pte eee ihe ~ racecars >, ete ee are at re aes Sef tte eRe are aa