Library of
Emory University
169773
i\iOV v' 1
A
•F THE
STATE OF GEORGIA.
BY
REV, ADIEL SHERWOOD, A. M-
0 •
CHARLESTOM, S. C.
PRINTED BY W. RILEY, 125 CHURCH-STREEJ.
1827.
Copy Right secured according to act of Congress.
PREFACE
THE want of a work of minute geographi¬
cal reference for this State, has been serious¬
ly felt for several years. Our territory has
been explored, the origin of our rivers
searched out, their windings traced, the
sites of our towns and villages marked, and
our various resources made visible to the
eye of the Legislature; but no one has taken
the pains to embody these facts, and give
them such publicity, that our population
generally may become acquainted with them*
This is the design of the following pages.
As the Geography of Georgia is known,
only like Carthage of olden time, by the des¬
cription of foreigners, the author of this
work could not derive much advantage from
their labours. He, however, acknowledges
h«imself indebted to Early's large Map, espe¬
cially in describing the rise and course of
some rivers, and the boundaries of some coun¬
ties. , .
The author does not tender his book to
the public, alleging it to be free from inaccu¬
racies and imperfections; for he has not vis¬
ited every spot, counted every building, nor
•explored every river. He has been depen¬
dent for information on several topics,_unQttn
ir
PREFACE.
those whose standing entitles them to confi¬
dence; but a great many of the articles he
has prepared from his own personal obser¬
vation.
Prior to the main body of the work he has
thought proper to prefix some preparatory
articles, giving a general view of the State,
that the reader may better understand the
particulars which follow. Several valuable
tables will be found in the Appendix.
With these prefatory remarks, the au--
thor submits the result of his labours to an
intelligent, though indulgent public; confident*
that it will share all the patronage which it
deserves.
Meaujoy, Greene County, Dec. 1826,
ABBREVIATIONS.
Ala. Alabama,
c. Creek or branch,
cap. Capital or place of
public bnsiness.
C. H. Court House.
Co. County.
Is. Island.
m. Miles.
mt. Mountain.
N. C. North Carolina.
No. Number,
p. t. Post Town,
p. v. Post Village,
r. R;ver.
S. C. South Carolin&>
Ten. Tennessee.
EXPLANATIONS.
1. When the number of dwelling houses is express¬
ed, those occupied by the white inhabitants only are
intended.
2. The Longitude is reckoned from Washington
City.
3. The distances from Milledgeville, the metropolis
of the State, are taken on the most public roads: thus
Greenesborough 40 N. M. denotes that it is 40 miles
North of Milledgeville.
4. Where a place is due N.S. E- or W.of Milledge¬
ville, or of any other place, the distance from which
is mentioned, it is so expressed but when it lies near
to one of the cardinal points, it is thought to be suffi¬
ciently accurate, to say N. S. E. or W. as the case
may be.
5. The population is taken from the enumeration
made in 1824. The number of inhabitants in villages,
&c. has been ascertained the present year.
A*
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
of
'QSfSSA*
Georgia is bounded on the N. by Tennes¬
see and North Carolina; on the N. E. by
South Carolina, from which it is separated by
the Savannah river; on the S. E. by the
Atlantic Ocean; on the S. by Florida, and on
the W. by Alabama. The Chattahoochee
forms the western boundary 157 miles to
Miller's Bend, near the 33° N. Lat. Here
the line leaves the river and runs N. 10° W.
till it strikes the 35° N. Latitude. Georgia
extends from Lat. 30° 19' 48" to the 35Q N.;
and from 4C to 9° 17' West Long, from
Washington City. In Shape this state is a
pentagon, having its North Eastern angle in
Rabun County; its South eastern in Chat¬
ham; its South South eastern in Camden; its
South western in Decatur at the confluence of
the Flint and Chattahoochee, and its North
western in the Cherokee Nation near
Nickojack. It is 300 miles long from
North to South, and 240 from East to West.
On the South line, from St. Marys to the junc¬
tion of Flint and Chattahoochee, it is 20.0
8
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
miles wide, and on the North line only 147
from the head of the Chatuga W. near to Nicko-
jack. Measuring, from the most southerly
point in Camden county to the northern
boundary, it is 320 long; and from the most
easterly point on Tybee Island to the Chat¬
tahoochee it is 245 broad. There are in
the State upwards of 58,000 square miles—
37,120,000 acres. „
History of the Settlement.—The first set¬
tlement in the state was made at Savannah
in 1733 by Gen. Oglethorpe, who was also its
first Governor. The country between the
Savannah and Ogeechee rivers was early
settled. In 1763 a treaty was held at Augus¬
ta, by which the lands between those twe
rivers were acquired up to the fork of Little
River; thence to the head branch «of the
Ogeechee and down the same to Mount Plea¬
sant; thence on S. to Saint Saville on the
Alatamaha, and the line was continued to the
head of tide water on the St. Marys river; this
line encircled parts of Bryan, Liberty, M'ln-
iosh, Glynn and Camden counties. Previous
to this treaty, settlements had been made at
Sunbury and Darien. A former treaty had
secured the islands and the lands on the coast
as far as tide water.
Frederica was built in 1736 by Gen. Ogle¬
thorpe. Wrightsborough and some cabins at
Washington were built before the termination
of the American revolution. The lands be-
OF GEORGIA.
9
tween the Ogeechee and Oconee were set¬
tled between 1782 and 1800. In 1784 the
act was passed to survey the country as far
west as the Alatamaha and Oconee and the
Appalachee to Its source, thence east to the
confluence of the Tugaloo and Kiowee.
In 1803 the country between the Oconee
and Ocmulgee and Wayne Co. began to be
settled.
In 1818 the act was passed to survey Ear¬
ly, Irwin, Appling, &c. Walton, Habersham*
Gwinnet and Hall.
In 1819 the lands between the Chestatee
and Chattahoochee and Rabun Co. were or¬
dered to be surveyed.
In 1821 the act was passed to survey the
lands between the Ocmulgee and Flint rivers.
In 1825 those between the Flint and Cha-
tahoochee rivers were procured by treaty.
This tract is about 130 m. long and 45 broad,
containing 5850 square miles. During the
session of the Legislature this year the sur¬
veying of it has been completed and it is
divided into five counties,viz.: Carroll, Cowe¬
ta, Lee, Musgogee, and Troup.
Face of the Country.—In regard to surface
Georgia may be divided into three sections;
the first extending from Florida, the southern
boundary, to the 33° N. Lat. is level; the 2d
from the 33° to the 34° is uneven; the 3d from
the 34° to the 35° is hilly and mountainous.
The second section is the most populous.
10 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Soil.—In the southern sectiont.the soil is
sandy with rich low grounds. Where pine on¬
ly is produced, the soil is unproductive; but
where other kinds of timber grow with the
pine it is generally fertile. In the middle
section the soil is a red loam and remarkably
fertile. In the northern there is a grey
gravelly, soil and it is quite productive. It
is not pretended that these three different,
kinds of soil are confined by parallels of Lati¬
tude exclusively to the several sections nam¬
ed; but that they generally prevail in these
sections, is obvious to all acquainted with the
state.
Productions.—In the southern section only
rice is cultivated for exportation. The sen-
island or black-seed cotton, which is generally
worth double as much as the green-seed, grows
kindly in all the lower parts of this section.
The sugar-cane has been in successful cultiva,-
tion for several years and many hogsheads are
raised on the plantations and sold in the coun¬
try, but none has yet been exported. Oran¬
ges, figs, olives, pomegranates and most.of
the tropical fruits grow here.
Corn, sweet-potatoes, peaches, &c. &c.
grow abundantly in all parts of the state.
In the middle and northern sections the
green-seed cotton is cultivated and some to¬
bacco. Upland or dry culture rice is raised
here by many families for their own use.
A considerable proportion of the planters,
OP GEORGIA.
11
grow wheat enough for home consumption
and some convert it into flour for the Augusta
market. A good 'deal of flour is imported,
but the greatest jiart of it is for the southern
section. The mulberry grows spontaneously
in all parts, and some families have prepared
considerable silk. The strawberry is indige¬
nous but it grows only in gardens, except upon
the wild lands. The fig is sometimes injured
bythe severity of the winters in the north¬
ern sections. .The climate here is more
congenial to the growth of the apple-tree
than that of the lower section.
Climate.—There is no purer water nor any
healthier climate on the globe than is found
in the northern section of this state. From
April to October the mercury generally fluc¬
tuates from 80® to 90®. It has not been
known to rise higher than 96® in any part of
Georgia for many years. The changes are
quite sudden in winter, and sometimes there
is an alteration of 20® in half that number of
hours. Bees are seen gathering honey every
month in the year. The inhabitants in the
southern, and in many parts of the middle
section are subject to autumnal fevers.
Rain.—The quantity which falls in a year
in this state is from 42 to 47 inches. Show¬
ers are frequently so partial, that only one or
a part of one plantation is moistened by them,
while all around is parched with drought.
12 GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
Zoology.—The alligator, a loathsome am¬
phibious animal, infests the .rivers of Georgia,
but it does not frequent them more than 60
miles from the ocean. The other animals,
if we except the oppossum, are, similar to
those that obtain throughout all- the northern
states.
Of the birds peculiar to the southern states,
may be mentioned the mocking bird, which has
a variety of notes, and the red bird.
Divisions,—The state is now divided into-70
counties. These counties are also subdivi¬
ded into militia districts, being from 8 to 12
or more in each county. In each of these
districts is a captain and a company of militia.
At its session in 1825 the Legislature di*
vided the state into sev#n congressional dis¬
tricts in each of which a member, for Con¬
gress is elected, but the act was repealed in
1826. The senators in Congress are chosen
by the Legislature.
Government.—The. Government of this
state is vested in a Governor and the General
Assembly, which consists of a Senate and
House of Representatives, all chosen by the
people.* The Governor holds his office
two years, and members of the Legislature
one. Each county sends one senator and
representatives in proportion to its popula-
* The first election of Governor by the people was,
in October 1825.
9F GEORGIA.
iiom; (i® e.) 3000 representative population
entitles to one representative; 7000 to two;
12,000 to four. Persons must be 25 years of
agp, have been citizens nine years in U. S.
and three in thfs State, before they can be
eligible to the office of senator. They must
be 21 years old, have been citizens seven
years in U. S. and three in Georgia, to enti¬
tle them to a seat as representatives; and
must possess a freehold, the senators of $500
and the representatives of $250. The Pre¬
sident of the Senate is Governor ex-officio in
case of the death or incapacity of the Gov¬
ernor. The elections are held oh the-first
Monday in October, and the Legislature as¬
sembles on the first Monday in November,
and generally sits about two months.
Judiciary.—The power of administering the
laws is vested in & superior and inferior
courts and in a magistrates court.* There
are 8f.Judiciary Circuits, for each of which
a Judge of the Superior Court, who holds
his office three years, is appointed by the
Legislature. The judge and grand jury in
the respective Circuits constitute a Court
of Equity.
* There are Mayors'Courts in the city of Savan¬
nah, Augusta and Darien.
■(•Names of the circuits are Chattahoochee, Middle.
Eastern, Northern, Flint, Ocmulgee, Southern,
Western.
B
14
GENERAL DESCRIPTION.
The Judges of the Inferior Courts, 5 i'«
each county, are elected by;the people.
Their jurisdiction extends to civil causes, of
all kinds and of any amount, except where
the title to lands is concerned. They alao
try whites for petit larceny and slaves 'for
capital crimes, and officiate as a CoufHi#
Probate.
There are two magistrates in each militia-
district, who hold courts monthly. They-:
take cognizance of debts to the amount of
$30 with interest and costs, and also of the
crimes of slaves which are not capital.
Factories.—Factories to make cotton and
woollen cloths have been established in two
or three counties; but owing to the high
price of labour, they have been but short-liv¬
ed.
Iron Works have been in operation in sev¬
eral places, but like factories, they have
existed but a short time. -
Manufactures.—-Leather, shoes, hats, car¬
riages, saddles, cabinet work, cotton and
woollen cloths, &c. at*© manufactured through¬
out the state. But little is manufactured
in the southern section even for the blacks;
but homespun, in the upper sections, is worn
by the most wealthy and respectable inhabi¬
tants. Much however is imported for every
part of the state.
Minerals.—Iron, copper, ochre, marble
and limestone are found in this state.
OF GEORGIA.
15
Antiquities.—In Greene, Hancock, Bibb
and Habersham counties, are the remains of
Fotts that have existed from time immemori¬
al, the existing tribes of Indians being unable
to give any account of their ' origin, even
through the uncertain medium of tradition.
Some of these are raised 40 feet above the
surrounding surface and cover an acre or more
©f land.
Ip ascending the Savannah river within 25
miles of Augusta, you discover the S. W.
bark 80 feet high, to be composed of solid
oyster-shells down to the surface of the wa¬
ter- These are drawn away and converted
into lime. Indeed in every part of the south-
cmsection, sea-shells are found as low in the
earth as man has ever yet penetrated." Conk
andother shells are seen in abundance on the
banjcs of the Ocmulgee at Hartford,
On RockyCreek in Burke, many mill-stones
are prepared. The quarry from which they
are taken is formed of sea-shells. In these
millstones, petrified oysters are discoverable,
whose shape and appearance are as natural
as if just taken from the ocean. A rotten
lime-stone, which is unquestionably formed
of sea-shells and vegetable productions, and
which renders the water quite unpalatable, is
found to pervade many counties in this sec¬
tion. Scepticism itself cannot doubt the po¬
sition that all this part of the state was once
covered by the ocean.
16 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Imports.—West India goods, wines, teas,
fish, articles of clothing,Irish potatoes, apples,
cider, shoes, harness leather, saddles, iljon,
hardware and cutlery, books and stationary,
cotton bagging, shoe thread, &c. &c. ire
brought into the state through ou^ seaports.
Horses, mules, neat cattle, hogs and sojne
cotton bagging are sent us from the Western
states. We pay out thousands jfor these last
named articles annually and we might cur-
selves raise them. Nearly one million jhas
been paid for them this year. " ,
Exports.—There were exported frjont
Savannah for twelve months ending 30 Sctot*
1825— I
bags of
cotton.
rice.
Upland.
S. island
Tierces
Foreign,
C'stwise.
57401
72525
7505
264
2154
5081
129926
7769'
7235
tobacco
Hogs^'dS
—4-
il
3
14
From 30?A September 1825, to 30?A September 1^26-
bags of
cotton
rice.
tobacco.
Upland
S. Island.
Tierces.
Hogslji'ds.
Foreign,
102616
5870
4978
123
U'stwise
81622
470
6477
43'
184238
6240
11455
170
Value at the present low prices—#6,800,000,
OP GEORGIA.
17
These exports were from Savannah; from
Darien, Brunswick ancl St. Marys, the
amount is not. ascertained. The Lumber
&c. &c. from Savannah would amount, to
some thousands.
Militia.—There are 40,000 men subject
to perform military duty. Many of those
however are but poorly equipped, if the
spirit which obtains in some places for raising
and disciplining independent companies, should
prevail extensively, we should have a more
effective force to repel invasion.
Revenue.-—The permanent revenue is de¬
rived from taxes on lands and negroes, plea¬
sure carriages, banks, licences to venders of
merchandise and retatilers of spirituous liquors,
and on auction sales; and from dividends on
Bank stock and University bonds.
The aggregate amount of cash in the trea¬
sury, bank stock, and debts due the state on the
2d Dec.1825, was $2,1 S4,149 77; of this sum
the cash in the treasury was $885,159 73.
The state tax is.annually about $133,000.
There are other sources of revenue, such
as sales of fractions, fees or grants and tes¬
timonials, &c. &c. but these cannot be consid¬
ered permanent.
Education.—There are about 80 incorpora¬
ted Academies in this state, 64 of which
have been brought into operation- The aver¬
age number of pupils in each is 47=3008.
In the northern and southern section of the
18
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
stale, there are probably five cofamon
schools in each county: 40 counties: 30 pu¬
pils each—6000. In the middle section, say
seven common schools in each county: 25
counties—5250. Total pupils in the acade¬
mies and common schools 14,258. In the
College are 100 students, and one third o£
the pupils at the academies are studying the
learned languages and higher branches of the
mathematics: 1100 are fitting themselves so
far as learning is concerned to discharge the
duties of any station.
Religion.—'The most numerous denomina¬
tions are the Baptists and Methodists. The
Presbyterians have several churches and are
fast increasing. There'are also in the state
Episcopalians, Roman Catholics, Christ-ians
and Jews. (See Table.)
Population.—By the census of 1790, there
were found to be but 82,000 inhabitants; in
1800, 162,000; in 1810, 252,432, of whom
145,414 were slaves; in 1820, 340,989; in
1824, 225,048 white and 175,882 black po¬
pulation: total 400,930.
Counties.
PopuVn.
Chief Towns.
Apping,
1264
C. H.
Baker,
C. H.
Baldwin,
9091
MilledgevUle.
Bibb,
3380
M aeon.
Bryan.
3112
C. H.
Bulloch,
3067
Statesboro.
6F GEORGIA.
#
19
Counties.
Popul'n.
Chief Towns.
Burke,
11777
W aynesboro.
Batts,
Jackson.
Camden,
4629
Jefferson.
Chatham,
15702
Savannah.
Clarke,
93S6
Vv atkinsville.
Columbia,
11345
Applington.
Crawford,
2360
Knoxvilte.
Decatur,
Bainbridge.
Dekalb,
3569
Decatur.
Dooly,
772
C. H. .
Early,
1366
C. fL
Effingham,
2666
Springfield.
Elbert,
14500
Elberton.
Emanuel,
2967
Swainsboro.
Fayette,
2588
Fayetteville.
Franklin,
8829
Carnesville.
Glynn,
3418
Brunswick.
Greene,
13535
Greenesboro.
Gwinnett,
7803
Lawrenceville.
Habersham,
4451
Clarkesville.
Hall,
8245
Gainesville.
Hancock, •
13175
Sparta.
Henry,
5480
M'Donough,
Houston,
1773
Perry.
Irwin,
411
C. H.
Jackson,
9575
Jefferson.
Jasper,
16921
Monticello.
Jefferson,
'7083
Louisville.
Jones,
16498
Clinton.
Laurens,
1 5884
Dublin.
Liberty,
7429
Riceborough,
Lincoln,
6019
Lincolnton.
Lowndes,
Madison,
3928
Danielsville-
M'Intosh,
5129
Darien.
Monroe,
9284
Porsythe.
20 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OP GEORGIA.
Counties.
PopuVn,
Chief Towns.
Montgomery,
1618
Vernon.
Morgan,
13869
Madison.
Newton,
7471
Covington.
Oglethorpe,
13808
Lexington.
Pike,
3823
Zebulon.
Pulaski,
4211
Hartford.
Putnam,
15673
Eatonton.
Rabun,
1126
Claytonsville,
Richmond,
9204
Augusta.
Scriven, *
4457
Jacksonboro.
Taliaferro,
Crawfordsville.
Tattnall,
2718
C. H.
Telfair,
2050
Jacksonville.
Thomas,
Thtfitiasville.
Twigs,
9006
Marion.
Upson,
Thomaston-
Walton,
6877
Monroe.
W are,
C H.
Warren,
11247
VVarrenton.
W ashington,
10079
Saundersville.
Wayne,
1659
Tuekersville.
Wilkes,
16975
W ashington.
Wilkinson,
7806
Irvington.
See Table in the Ap^Jfendix,
New Counties organized this year:
Carroll, Coweta, Lee, 'Muscogee, Troup,
GAZETTEER.
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA.
ala
Abercorn,* an incon¬
siderable village in the
S. E. corner1*of Effing¬
ham county, near the
Savannah river, now
nearly gone to ruin.
Abraham's Creek is
in the southern part
of Dooly county, and
falls into.the Chattahoo¬
chee.
Alatamaha River. —
tFhis is the largest r:
ver in the state, and is
formed by the union of
the Oconee and Ocmul-
gee just below the 32"
ALA
of N. Latitude, 5° 56:
VV. LoDgitude. Its aver¬
age breadth is 600 y'ds,
its depth 8 feet, and its
length 120 miles. In
its course, which is
southeasterly, receiving
the Ohoopee from the
N. it separates Tattnall
co. and a part of Li¬
berty from Appling, and
also M'Intosh from
Wayneand Glynn coun¬
ties, and flows into the
Atlantic Ocean by sev¬
eral mouths between
Sapello and St. Simon's
ALC
22
ALL
Islands. Darien is on
the most northerly
channel. The river
has 14 feet of water at
the Bar, and Steam
Boats of a large size 1
have ascended up the
Oconee branch to Mil-
ledgeville, and the Oc-
mulgee to Macon, but
owing to shallows and
obstructions, cargoes,
at the confluence, are
thrown into pole boats,
and thus carried to the
above named , towns.
The spirit of internal;
navigation is however
awake, and it will soon
relieve the labor of la¬
ding and unlading so
frequently, on a stream
which nature has so
abundantly supplied
with water. Tides
flow up 28 miles above
the Bar.
Alatamaha Sound, u-
nites the above river
with the ocean and em¬
braces several Islands.
Alatamaha Canal.—
(Se<- Ogechee Canal.)
Alcovee r.—Ulcofau-
hatchee is the Indian
name. This river rises
near the Hog Mountain
in Gwinnett Co. and-is
the eastern fork of the
Ocmulgee. The-Yellow
r.^and South fork, the
other two principal
branches of the Ocmuh-
ge, unite about 60 miles
above Macon, and the
Alcovee falls into them
about two miles below
the junction. Here is
the head of boat 'navi¬
gation intbis neighbour¬
hood.
Alex's ,c. in Wayne
Co., and falls into the'
west side-fif the Alata-
tamaba just above St.
Saville.
Alexander's c. is the
middle branch of Shoul¬
der-bone c. which runs
into the Oconee in Han¬
cock.
Alleghany Mountains
' commence in Haber¬
sham and Rabun coun¬
ties and in the Chero¬
kee nation, and running
N. E. extend to Hud¬
son river in New-York.
AND
23
APP
Mien's c. unites with
Hunting c. in Jackson
Co. and falls into the
middle fork of the Oco-
jpee.
Alligator c. is in the
N. E. part of Montgom¬
ery- Co. and flows into
Pendleton c. which is a
principal fork of the
Ohoopee river.
Alligator c. in Tel¬
fair Co. is a'short stream
and loses itself in Horse
creek.
Alligator c. is in the
N. W. corner of Tel¬
fair and runs into the
Ocraulgee.
Alligator c. rises in
Pulaski and runs N. E.
into Palmetto c. in Lau¬
rens.
Allison's c. in Jones
Co. a branch of Falling
Creek.
Allison's c. in Greene
Co. falls into the Oco¬
nee just below the resi¬
dence of tho late Gov.
Early.
Anderson's c. Jones
co. a branch of Gum
creek*
Appalachee r. rises
near the source of the
Alcovee,- within a few
miles of the Chattahoo¬
chee and runs S E. in¬
to the Oconee 6 miles
W. of Greensboro —
High Skoals, famous as
being the extreme wes¬
terly point, beyond
which civilization did
not extend till 1803, is
onlhis river 12 miles S.
W. Athens,.7 W. Wat-
kinsville.
Appling County is
bounded N. by the Ala-
tamaha which separates
it from Montgomery and
Tattnall Counties ; N.
E, by a part ot Liberty ;
E. by Wayne ; S. by
Ware ; W. by Irwin
and N. W. by the Oc-
mulgee which separates
it from Telfair Co.—
This is now a large
co. though Ware was
taken from it in 1825.
The land is sandy and
much of it poor except
on the rivers and
creeks. Courts are
ATI! 24 ATM
held in the central part
of the co. 150m. fromM
Pop. 1264.
Applington, p-t. and
cap. Columbia co. on
the Great Kiokee creek
82 E. N. E.* M. 21 N.
W. Augusta, 30 S. E
Washington, contains
3*5 houses and stores.
Court House, Jail and
Academy.
Argyle Is. in the Sa¬
vannah r. N. E. part
of Chatham co.
Athens p-t. Clarke,
co. on the west bank of
the Oconee, L. 33° 65'
6° 52' W. Longitude.
It is a highly elevated
spot; 71 N. M. 92 N.
W. Augusta, 7 N. Wat-
kinsvilie, 27 N. N. E.
Madison, 16 W. N. W.
Lexington. It contains
72 dwelling houses, ma¬
ny of which are ele¬
gant, and a Methodist
chapel, beside the Col¬
lege buildings In 1819
there were but 82 bou¬
ses and 30 students ;
now there are 72 hou¬
ses and 100 students,
which shews that A-
thens thrives very fast.
Pop. 1000.
This is the 6eat of,
the Georgia University^
called FranklinCnllege,^
established in 1801— v
The buildings are two,
large brick edifices, 120
feet long and 45 wide,
one three stories and,
the other four stories
high, containing rooms**
for students ; a chapel,
a steward's hall, a brick
building for the chemi¬
cal and philosophical^
apparatus and library
of near 2000 volumes, "
and a building for the
grammar school. The*
Faculty are a President*
Professor of Mathe¬
matics* and Astronomy,
Professor of Chemistry
and Mineralogy, Profes¬
sor of Rhetoric and
Moral Philosophy, Pro¬
fessor of Natural Phi¬
losophy and Botany, and
two Tutors.
The Governor ex-
officio, the President of
the Senate, Speaker of
ATH
25
Am
the House of Repre¬
sentatives and the.Sena¬
tor of each county, ex¬
cept where the Speaker
resides, together with
certain Trustees, con¬
stitute the Senatus Aca-
denoicus. These su¬
perintend the general
courses of the Univer¬
sity and of all qounty
academies, i. e. those
which receive money
from the treasury to
support them. The
Trustees, npw 17 in
number, more immedi¬
ately manage the affairs'
of the College and re¬
port from time to time
to the Senatus Acade-
micus. The Senator
from each county is re¬
quired from year to
year, to report the con¬
dition of the County
Academies, which are
declared to " be parts
or members of the. Uni¬
versity,"
There is a Grammar
School connected with
the College, in which
pupils receive tbeir tui¬
tion gratuitously.
Ifi 1817 the Legisla¬
ture appropriated$250«
000, for Free Schools
throughout the ^ State.
This benevolent design
has been but partially
carried into execution.
Little, pains has been
taken to ascertain the
number of poor chil¬
dren, who need the* as¬
sistance contemplated,
md but few schools for
their benefit have been
opened.
In the College there
are two Literary Soci¬
eties, composed of the
students and such hon¬
orary members as they
are pleased to elect.
These have each an
elegant building for
their accommodation,
and large libraries.
The funds of the Col¬
lege consist of dividends
on bank stock. These
together with the tuition
money amount annually
to afiout $ 11,600.
ATH
26
ATH
The p.eople are dis¬
covering more and more
the value of learning and
are flocking to this seat
of literature to -enjoy
its advantages. Should
the College maintain its
present high and well-
earned reputation, it
doeS not require the
spirit of prophecy to
fpretel, that Athebs in a
few years will be a large
town ; and should the
river be made naviga¬
ble to'this spot, as it
may easily be done, a
place of considerable
importance in the com¬
mercial world.
Two weekly papers
are published here. The
Presbyterians worship
in the College Chapel
and the Baptists have a
M. H. one mile from
town. The commence¬
ment is on the 1st Wed¬
nesday in August.
Two bridges across
the river connect, the
town with roads lead¬
ing to Lexington and
Danielsville. The base
of the College buildings^
is more than 200 feet
above the river.
The Hon. Abram
Baldwin may be justly
styled the father of
Franklin College. He
was assisted in his,
praise-worthy underta¬
king by Governors
Jackson and Milledge,
the latter of whom se-*
lected the site for the,
building. , Their namqs
will ever be associated
with the literature of'
Georgia. *
The Legislature has
testified their respect
for the. memory, of
Washington, Jefferson,;
Franklin, Oglethorpe,
and Lafayette, by orna¬
menting the Capitol with
full length portraits of
those distinguished . in-,
dividuals. 1
It is not conceded ^
that he who liberates
the bodies of a people
from tyranny and op¬
pression, is entitled to
more gratitude than he,
who rescues their.
AUG
27
AUG
minds from the darkness
of ignorance; or in oth¬
er words, the patron of
liberty has not greater
claims on mankind than
the patron of education:
Because-■ an* ignorant
people cannot long re
tain their freedom, were
a wise leader by the
prowess of his army to
bestow it on them. The
alumni of this College
will 'erejong evidence
that they have not con¬
ceded the point, and, that
they consider the foun¬
der of their Alma mater
as worthy of regard as
he who .may have dis¬
covered a country, lib¬
erated or governed its
inhabitants.
Augusta,City and cap.
Richmond Co. is the
second town for size in
the State. The Savan¬
nah r. here has a large
bet^d, so that the town
stands on the S. W.
bank, 88 E. N. E. M.
127 N.N.VV. Savannah,
140 N. W. Charleston,
83 W.Columbia, 23 W.
Edgefield C. H. L. 33°
33' Long. 5~ ,18\—
The town is well laid
out, the streets are
wide, meeting each oth¬
er at right angels and
ornamented with trees,
and many of the houses
are spacious and ele¬
gant; The public build¬
ings are an elegant City
Hail, 120 by 60 feet, 3
stories high; a spacious
Academy, the main bo
dy of which is 45 by 40
feet,jvith tvio wings 93|-
by 32 feet; containing
commodious ' rooms tor
theRector and other in¬
structors; Court House,
Jail; Theatre, Arsenal,
Hospital, Female Asy¬
lum, building for Free
School, two markets,
two banks, and 6 houses
forpublic worship, viz.
1 for Presbyterians, 1
for Methodists, 1 for
Episcopalians, 1 for
Baptists, 1 f"r Roman
Catholics, and 1 tor Af¬
ricans.
The Mansion-IIouse,
City Hall,GiobeTavern,
$VQ 28 AUG
Planters' Hotel and Ea-
gleTavern,are ail splen¬
did establishments for
entertainrr,fmt.
August j is a place of
much trade. More than
100,000 bags of cotton
are annually deposited
hene, and thence car¬
ried down the river to
Savannah and Charles¬
ton for the European
and Northern markets.
From CM. l, 1825, to
Oct. 1, 1826, there were
143,633 hags of cot¬
ton stored in this place.
Here are 16 ware¬
houses, large buildings
from 300 to 500 feet
long and 40 broad, to se¬
cure the immenst? quan¬
tities of produce and
merchandise brought
here. Broad street,
where the greatest part
of the produce is sold,
is 180 feet wide and 2
miles long, passing near¬
ly through the centre of
the town.
Toere are 10 steam¬
boats on the river,
which perform a trip in
4 and 5 days, and carry
passengers, and from
800 to 1000 bags of cot¬
ton. Beside these,there
are pole boats, which
take from. 500 to 800.
Daily stages 'are also
constantly .running be¬
tween this and Savan¬
nah, and Charleston,and
Columbia. Stages run
three times a week to
Milledgeville & Athens.
They go also to Greens¬
boro. and Madison, and
to Carnesville.
Augusta supplies all
the up-country, east of
the Oconee, and a good
deal west of it, with
merchandise ; she also
sends many tons into
Ten.& into N.& S.Caro¬
lina. Recently, howe¬
ver, Hamburg, a small
town opposite, on the
S. Carolina side, found-
ed in 1821, has supplied
some goods for the£a*
rolinas. A bridge 400
yards long connects the
two towns.
Three papers are is¬
sued from the Augusta
BAK
29
BAI
press. A medical so¬
ciety has existed here
for several years.
The first house in
Augusta was built Id
1735, by Gen. Ogle-
thrope. Near the spot
where the Episcopal
Church now stands, a
BritishYort, commanded
by Col. Brown, was
surrendered to theAme-
ricans. Gen. Pickens,
and Cols. Clarke aud
Lee commanded.
The Legislature met
here in 1776. The an¬
nual income to the&ca-
demy is <$4,113 50. ,
The city is governed
Baker County is in
the S. W. part of the
State, bounded N. by
the late acquired ter¬
ritory; E. by Irwin and
Lowndes ; S. by Tho¬
mas and.Decatur; and
W. by Early. The
Flint river passes thro'
the eastern part of the
county. The soil is
C*
by a Mayor and Mem¬
bers of Council. Po¬
pulation is about 5000.
Avgustin's c. rises in
Effingham co. passes
through Chatham into
the Savannah, opposite
Argyle Island, 11 miles
above Savannah.
, Augustine''s c. The
southern channel of the
Savannah, which leaves
the other at Fort Jack¬
son.
Auhaw r. the east fork
of the Flint r. It unites
with the western fork in
theN. W. corner of Pike
county.
sandy, and much of it
unproductive. The pop.
is included in that of
Early,from which it was
taken in 1825. The C.
H. is in the N. part of
the co. on Cole-wahee
c. 150 m. SS, W. M. 46
N. E, Early C. H.
Bainbridge p.-t. and
cap. Decatur co. con-
BAT SO BEA
tains Court-House, Jail
and eight houses and
stores. It is 175 S. W.
M. 30 W. Thoraasville,
40 S. Early C. H. 41 N.
W.Tallahassee, thecap.
of Florida.
Baldwin County is in'
the central part of the
State, cut in twain by
the Oconee river. It
is bounded on the N. by
Putnam and Hancock ;
E. by Hancock and part
of Washington ; S. by
Wilkinson ; and W. by
Jones. Pop. 9091.—
Milledgeville, the me¬
tropolis of the State, is
the capital.
Bark Camp c. falls
into the Ogechee, near
the cornerof Burke and
Jefferson counties.
Barbour's c. rises in
Jackson and runs into
the Oconee (Middle
fork) between Watkins
viile and Athens.
Bath, a summer resi¬
dence in Richmond co.
15 miles from Augusta.
Here are 8 houses, oc¬
cupied by inhabitants
I chiefly from Burke co.
! The situation is plea¬
sant and water good.—
, Mount Enon is 1 mile
distant.
Beach c. in Jackson
co.
Beach tree c. in Warv
: ren co. falls into Rocky
Comfort c.
Bear c. falls into the
Middle Fork, Oconee,
on the southern line of
Jackson.
Bear c. rises in Jas¬
per, and runs into the
Alcovee in Walton.
Bear c. Jones co. a
branch of Cool Gum.
Bear e. Franklin,
runs into Broad River.
Beard's c. rises in
Tatnall and flows into
the Alatamaha in Li¬
berty co.
Beard's c. in Jasper,
runs into the Ocmulgee
above the 7 Islands.
Beaverdam c. rises
in Clarke, and passing
through N.part of Ogle¬
thorpe, falls into S.
Fork of Broad river.
Beaverdam c> (little)
BEA
31
BET
io Oglethorpe, runs in¬
to Broad r. between
Grove and Tillet's c.
Beaver.dam c. rises in
Wilkes, and falls into
Little river near the.
corner of Warren co.
Beaverdam c. rises in
Pike co. and runs into
Potatoe c, in Upson*
Beaverdam c in El¬
bert, flows into Broad
r. below the mouth of
Long c.
Beaver dame, in Cra w -
ford co. falls into Flint
river below the Creek
Agency.
Beaverdam c. has its
origin in Burke and
unites with Briar c. in
Scriven just below
Jacksonsborough.
Beaverdam c. in Pu¬
laski, falling into Shell-
stone c. near its en¬
trance into the Ocmul-
gee.
Beaverdam c. rises
in Houston and runs S.
W. into the Flint r. in
Dooly County.
Beaverdam c. in
Greene, a branch of
Richland creek,
Beaverdam c. (little)
also in Greene and a
branch of Richland.
Beaverdam c. in Han*
cock, running into the
Ogechee below Powel*
too. The circumstance
of finding dams across
several creek9 con¬
structed by beavers, no
doubt induced the set¬
tlers to appropriate thi®
name so frequently.
Bedford a cluster of
houses 3 miles N. W.
Augusta on the Wash¬
ington road.
Btlcherys Mill c. hav¬
ing several branches,
falls into the Ogechee
in Bullock.
Bethlehem, a celebra¬
ted female school, situ¬
ated at the Cherokee
Corner, half way be¬
tween Lexington and
Athens. The higher
as * well as common
branches of female
education are taught
here with much success.
Let the. love of solid
32
BLA
learning be instilled in¬
to the minds of our
daughters, and they will
not pant after those
tinsel gewgaws and
meretricious ornaments
which charm so many.
No. of pupils 60, Here
is a P O.
Bibb County is bound¬
ed Ni by Monroe; N.
E. by Jones ; E, by
Twigs ; S by Houston
and W. by Crawford.
The Ocmulgee runs
through the eastern
part. Fort Hawkins,
longthe residence of the
agent for the Creeks,
is in this co. opposite
Macon, but is now ra¬
pidly decay ng. The
soil in the south part
is rather thin and sandy,
but most of it is a rich
red loam. Pop. 3380.
Macon is the capital.
Big c. in Laurens co.
falls into the eastern
side of the Oconee ^ust
above Dublin.
Big, c. in Oglethorpe,
falls into the Oconee.
One branch rises near
Cherokee Corner.
Big Sandy c. runs
diagonally through Wil¬
kinson and falls into the
Oconee at the north
corner of Laurens.
Big Sandy c. rises in
Walton and unites with
Hardlabour in Morgan
co.
Birds Mill c.' has its
rise in Bullock, unites
with Black c. in Bryan
and passing thro' the co.
falls into the Ogeechee
opposite the N. W. cor¬
ner of Chatham.
; Birdsville, a post of¬
fice and one or two
houses in Burke.
Black, c. in Scriven
co. runs east into the
Savannah.
Black c. a short
branch in Telfair, fal¬
ling into the Oc-ulgee
below Horse c.
Black c. rises in
Effingham and falls into
the Savannah in N. E.
part of Chatham.
Black c. separates M it-
BOG
38
dison co. on the north
from Franklin, and falls
into Hudson r.
Black c. unites with
Birdsmill c. in Bryap.
Black c. a small branch
in Jones, and runs into
Fallingc. nearits mouth.
Black c. in the N E
part of Wilkinson, runs
parallel with Commis¬
sioner's creek, and falls
into the Oconee, above
Rutherford's Island.
Black c. (little) in
same co. and unites with
the large one near the
river.
Black-bend Is. lying
N. E. of Sapello Is.
belonging to M'lntosh
co.
Blithers Island is in
Turtle r. in Glynn co.
above Brunswick.
Blue c. in Laurens, a
branch of Palmetto c.
Bluestone c. in Madi¬
son, running S. E. into
Broad river.
Boggyguf, c. falls into
Briar c in ''urke
Boggygul c. in Burke,
running into the Savan-
nah.
Baggygut c. rises ia
Columbia, passes thro'
S.W. part ot Richmond*
and enters Briar c, in
Burke c. This is ai
considerable 9tream.
Bowling-green, a well
known spot in Ogle¬
thorpe, 8 miles from
Lexington. Here is a
Post-office, store and 2
dwelling houses, one off
them elegant. China
Grove is half a mile N„
W.
BrazaeVs c. a small
branch in S. part of
Burfce.
Briar c. is more than
100 miles m length.—
It rises in Warren, rung
S. E. separating a part
of Warren from Colum¬
bia, Richmond from a
part of Jefferson, thro'
Burke, and in Scrivea
falls into the SavanDah.
A considerable sum hag
oeen expended to ren¬
der this stream naviga¬
ble to the neighbour-
BRO
34
BRU
hood of Waynesboro ;
an<J although boats have
ascended near this place
navigation has been
found so difficult* as to
yield to land carriage.
A battle was fought at
the mouth ot this creek
in 1779, in which the
Americans, commanded
by Gen. Ash, were re¬
pulsed with great loss.
Broad r. rises near
the same ridge of high
lands in which the Ap-
palachee has its source,
only further north in
the eastern part of Ha
bereham. It runs S. E
and is one chief branch
of the Savannah with
which it unites at Pe-
tersburgh 66 miles
above Augusta just be¬
low the 34° N. Lati¬
tude. Hudson's river
is a fork of this.
Broken-arrpw, an In¬
dian town opposite Fort
Mitchell on the Chatta¬
hoochee.
Broro r. a short
branch ofSapello r. in
M'lntosh.
*Broughton>s Is. in the
Alatamaha sound,below
Darien. ' ;
Brunswick p. t. and
cap. ofGIynn Co. on the
Turtle river, vvhich^
communicates with tKe\
ocean by St. Simon's
sound 8 m. below the'
town. It has one of
the most commodfabs
harbours in the State,"
having 18 feet water on
the Bar. As but small?;
vessels can come np tov
Darien, a canal connect-^
ing this place with the;;
Alatamaha is in contem¬
plation. Brunswick
contains a Court House,
Jail, Academy and 15
houses and stores, -is
196 S. E. M. 80 S. Sa¬
vannah, 11 W. Darien.'
It owns several tons of.
shipping. Population
30 whites and several
blacks.
Bmshy c. a' small*
stream in W. part of
Burke .
Brushy c. in Madison,
runs into Broad r.
Bryan County is in
BUG 3
the S, E. part of the
State, bounded , on the
N. by Bullock ; N. E.
by Chatham: E. by the
Atlantic and S.»by Lib¬
erty , Co. The Ogee-
ehee separates this from
Chatham, and the Can-
oochee runs thro' it.
Its chief produce is rice.
The C. H.,is4ro.W,
of the Canoochee, 155
S. M. 26 Savannah.
Pop. 3121. .
Buck c. in Baldwin,
runs into the Little r.
Buck c. in Baldwin,
flows into the Odonee
from the E. neat* Scott's
ferry.
Buck c. io_ Scriven,
fallg into the Savannah
below Briar creek.
Buck c. in Twigs,
runs into Ocmulgee
above Flat creek,.
Buckeye c. rises in
Washington, and for a
few miles is the boun
dary between this co.
and Laurens, and flows
into the .Oconee in. S.
W. corner of Washing¬
ton.
5 BUt
B-uckhead c. rises in
the edge of Jefferson,
passes through Burke
into the Ogechee in the
S. W. corner of the co.
Buckhead c. (.little)
Two streams by this
name, one entering the
Big one from the N.
and the other from the
S. both in Burke.
Buckhorn c. has its
source in Pulaski and
falls into Palmetto c. in
Laurens near Alligator
creek.
Bujfaloe c. a consid¬
erable stream, rising
near Sparta and falling
into the Oconee below
Rutherford's Island.
Buffaloe c. a branch
of St. "Ilia r. rises in
Ware near the Cypress
pond, passes thro' Lit¬
tle Oke-finocau swamp
and falls into the river
just above Burnt Fort
in Camden.
Buffaloe c. rises in
Wayne, passes into
Glj'nn and loses its name
in Turtle river.
Bull c. is in the east-
Bins.
86
BUT
cfo part of Tattnall,
and flows into the Ohoo-
pee.
Bullhead c, falls into
the St. 111a, in Camden,
above Rose c.
Bullock County is
bounded on^ the N. by
Scull's creek,which se¬
parates it from Emanu¬
el ; E. by the Ogecbee,
which separates it from
Scriven and Effingham ;
S. by Liberty and W. t>y
Tattnall. The land is
poor and population
iparse. Statesboro'is
the capital. Population
3087.
Burke County i-
bounded on the N. by
Richmond ; N. E. by
Savannah river*; S. E.
*>y Scriven ; S, byl
Emanuel and W, by
Jefferson. Mochofthe
soil is 'fertile and many
wealthy inhabitants re¬
side here. A rotten
limestone pervades ma¬
ny parts of it and ren¬
ders the water bad.
Pop. 11,777. Waynes¬
boro is the capital.
Burnt Fort is on the
St. Ilia river 48 miles
from its mouth.
Burnet's c. unites with
Ho wpencreek in Glymi
and they fall into Turtle
river, just aboveCris-
pin's Island.
Butler's c. in Jones
Co. runs into the Oc-
mulgee below Falling'c.
Butler's c. rises inCo-
lumbia and falls into the
Savannah r. opposite
Beach Island. It is for¬
ded on the Greensboro
and Scull Shoal "roatf 9
miles from Augusta.
Butran's c. is in the
S. part of Elbert run¬
ning into Broad river.
Butts County was ta¬
ken from Henry..and
Monroe in 1825. New¬
ton and Walton are on
the N.; the Ocmulgee
separating it from Jas¬
per on the E.; Monroe*
on the S.;. and Henr^
on the W. The Indiag
Springs, the most fash¬
ionable resort in the
State, are in this county
10 miles W. of th'e Oct
CAM
37
CAM
mulgee. Population in¬
cluded in Henry and
Monroe. Jackson is
the capital.
Buzzards-roost an old
Indian Town on the N.
W. bank of the Chatto-
hoocbee in the Chero¬
kee Nation, opposite
Dekalb county.
Byron, The village
at Baker C. H. is so
called at present; but
whether it will receive
the sanction of the Ler
gislature is not known;
Cabin c, in Jack¬
son county.
Call's c. in Clarke,
runs into the Middle
.Fork of the Oconee,
near its confluence with
the N. Fork.
Camden County forms
the South Southeasterly
corner of the State. It
has an odd shape,not un¬
like an illy formed axe
with a prodigious large
helve. Wayne and
Glynn lie on the N.; the
Atlantic on the E.;
Florida on the S.; and
Florida and Ware Co.
on the W. The Oki-
fenocau swamp borders
on this County. Pop.
4629: The capital is
Jefferson.
Canal's.—See Oge-
chee Canal and Appen¬
dix.
Camp c. in Jones, a
branch of Cool Gum.
Camp c. runs nearly
through the south
part of Baldwin, hod
falls into the Oconee
between Milledgeville
and Scottsboro.
Camp c. in the N. W.
part of Warren, cross¬
ing the Augusta road,
and well known as a
stopping place for wa¬
goners. It flows into
the Ogeechee on the S.
line of Taliaferro.
Camp c. falls into the
Appalachee in Walton.
Camp c. is a branch
of Horse c. in Telfair,
CAR
38
CED
Candler's c. ia Jack¬
son, one of the head
one
branches of the Oconee.
Canoochee r. rises in
Emanuel Co. runs S. E.
between Bullock and
Tatnall, through Bryan
into theOgeechee above
Hills Bridge. Its whole
length is 140 miles.
Navigable SO m. to Ce
dar c. in Tatnall Co.
Carmel p. v. a Mis¬
sionary Station among
the Cherokees on the
Federal road to Tennes¬
see, 62 S. E. Brainerd.
Carret's c. in the
E. part of Jackson.
arates it frojn Coweta
and Troup ; and W. by
Alabama. The line at
Miller's bend diverges
from the Chattahoochee
at theS.part of this coun¬
ty making so acute an
angle that it has no south¬
ern boundary. In shape
it is a triangle and is in
the N. W. corner of the
settled part of the state.
Carson's c. rises in
Warren, runs N. E. in¬
to Upton's c. in Colum¬
bia.
Cathead c. is in M'ln-
N. tosh and falls into the
(Alatamaba at Darien.
Carnesvilh p; t. and; Cedar c. falls into the
cap. Franklin Co. 108,,Chattahoochee from the
due N. M. 21 N. Dan-jCherokee Nation oppo-
ielsville, 37 N. E. Ath-isite the S. part of
ens. It is situated on,Gwinnett. It is a large
Stephen's creek and'stream and was suppos-
contains the Courtjed to be the Chestatee.
House, Jail, Clerk's Of-iThe Indians in itsneigh-
fice, Academy, 14 dwel-Jbourhood do call it
ling houses and 5 stores. Chestatee and from this
Carroll County isjno doubt the error was
bounded on the N. byimade in Earjy's Map in
Cherokee lands ; E & regard to that river, by
S. E. by the Chattaboo-,representing its mouth%
chee river which sep-jas 30 miles further S,
CEB
39
CHA
than it really is. In the
treaty of 1821, when
the title to lands was ex¬
tinguished, it was sup¬
posed we had acquired
all to this creek, being
the Chestatee, but sev¬
eral thousand acres thus
conceived to be gained
were not; for the real
Chestatee falls into the
Chattahoochee 8 miles
above Van's Ferry in
Hall county.
Cedar c. rises near
Monticello, runs S. E.
and leaving Jasper at
the S. E. corner, thence
bending in Jones and
receiving seveial small
tributaries, it forms the
boundary betweenJonPs
and Putnam 3 miles and
also between Putnam
and Baldwin, and loses
itself in Little river.
Cedar c. falls into the
Canoochee on the Eas¬
tern boundary of Tat-
nall between Hound and
Bull c. Its mouth is
the head of navigation
on the river.
Cedar c. a principal
branch of Horse c. in
Telfair.
Cedar c. unites with
Maiden c. ar.d they fall
into Big Sandy c. in
Wilkinson.
Cedar c. in Wilkes,
running into little river
between Rocky and
Beaverdam creeks.
Cedar c. runs West
into Flint r. in Dooly.
Cedar c. flows East-
wardly into the Savan¬
nah, below M'Donald:s
ferry, in Elbert.
Cedar Shoal c. falls
into tbe Oconee, below
Athens in Clarke.
Chatham, County,
forms the S. E. corner
of the state, and is sep¬
arated from South-Car¬
olina, by the Savannah
on the N. E.; the At¬
lantic is on the S. *E.;
Bryan Co. on the S. W.
and Effingham on the
North. Savannah is the
capital, the most con¬
siderable seaport in the
State. Many beautiful
Islands are embraced
CHA
40
CHE
within the limits of the
county. Pop. 15,702.
Chattahoochee r. is
one of the largest rivers
in the State. The Cho-
ta & Tooke, are its
head branches. These
rise and unite in Haber¬
sham Co. and here take
the name of Chattahoo¬
chee. The Chestatee,
from the west, falls into
these 10 miles below
their junction, and 8
miles above Van's fer¬
ry. The coarse of the
Chattahoochee is first,
S. W. it then bends ab¬
ruptly to the S, and
pursues a winding chan¬
nel more than 380 m.
till it receives the Flior
river, at the S. W. cor
ner of the State. At
this confluence, the uni¬
ted streams take the
narflfe of Appaiachicola,
which passes through
Florida, and discbarges
its waters into Appa¬
iachicola Bay. The
Chattahoochee is 120
yards wide at its junc¬
tion with the Flint r. and
6 feet deep. There are
falls of 8 feet, above
Fort Mitchel, 120 miles
by land from the junc¬
tion. In the distance
of three miles the des¬
cent is about 50 feet.
Above these rapids
there is nothing formi¬
dable to obstruct navi¬
gation up to the mouth
of the Chestatee, 470
miles from the junction
with the Flint.
One principal branch
issues from a spring
within 300 yards of the
origin of the Highwas-
see, which runs N. W.
into the Tennessee.
The Wincoy turnpike
crosses the Chattahoo¬
chee 28 times in.-about
eight miles ! So serpen¬
tine are its windings
:imong the hills.
Chaver's c. has its
rise in Burke, and runs
west into Lambert's c.
in Jefferson.
Cherokee c. in Lincoln
runs into Little river.
Cherokee Corner is
the point in Oglethorpe
CHE
41
CHE
co. on the boundary
line between the Creeks
and Cherokees, beyond
which civilization bad
not penetrated till 1784.
Here is a flourishing
Female School, denom¬
inated Bethlehem.
Cherokee Indians a na¬
tion which occupies
more than 14,000square
miles in the N. W*. part
of the chartered limits
of this state.* The soil
on the water courses
and in the Southern part
is fertile, but the N. E.
section is mountainous
and poor. The climate
is remarkably healthy.
Within the last 20 years
the Cherokees have ra¬
pidly advanced towards
civilization. They now
live in comfortable hou¬
ses, chiefly in villages,
and cultivate large
farms. They raise large
herds of cattle which
they sell for beef to the
inhabitants of the neigh¬
bouring States. Many
mechanical arts have
been introduced among
them. They have car¬
penters and blacksmiths,
and many of the women
spin and weave, and
make butter and cheese.
The population, instead
of decreasing, as is the
case generally with
tribes surrounded by
the whites, increases
very rapidly. There
are now 13,563 natives
in the nation ; 147 white
men and 73 white wo¬
men, who have inter¬
married with them.
They own 1277 slaves.
Total 15,060 souls. In-
* In 1802 Georgia ceded to the United States all
that territory which now forms Mississippi and Ala¬
bama, and as a part of the consideration for such ces¬
sion, the United StateS"promises to extinguish "for
the use of Georgia, as early as the same can be peacea¬
bly obtained on reasonable terms" "the Indian
title to all the other lands within the State of Geor¬
gia." D*
CHE
42
CHE
crease in the last six
years 3563.
Their government is
republican aud the pow¬
er is vested in a Com¬
mittee and Council, to
answer to our Senate
and House of Repre¬
sentatives. The Mem-;
hers are elected once in
two years. Newtown
is the seat of Govern¬
ment. Their Judges
act with authority and
prevent entirely the
use of ardent spirits
during the session ot
their courts.
Their superstitious
notions, such as a be¬
lief in witches and the
cure of diseases by in¬
cantation, are fast loos¬
ing their influence.
They have learned to
use profane language
from the whites, for in
their tongue are found
no such words ot im¬
piety as are belched
forth by the wicked
among us.
The Mission at Spring
Place was established
in 1801. Since that
time nearly a dozen
have been brought into
operation in various
parts of the Dation. The
Missionaries are assist¬
ed in their benevolent
undertaking by the U.
S. Government, and the
Indians have appropria¬
ted 100,000 acres of
land as a perpetual
School fund for the ben¬
efit of the nation. Some
of the Missionaries have
translated the New-
Testament into the
Cherokee language. A
Press is about to be es¬
tablished at the seat of
Government, also a Li¬
brary and a Museum.
A native by the name of
Guess has invented an
Alphabet consisting of
86 characters, by which
many of the older In¬
dians have learned to
write and they thus cor¬
respond with each oth¬
er. The No. of chil¬
dren in the several Mis-
CHQ
43
CL.Y
sionary Schools is near¬
ly 500, all learning the
English language.
Chestalee river is the
most westerly branch of
the Chattahoochee into
which it flows 8 miles
above Van's Ferry in
Hall co. This river is
the boundary, its whole
length between the
Cherokees and the set¬
tled counties of the
State.
Checkamauga c. rises
in the Cherokee nation
in Georgia, and runs N.
into the Tennessee.
Brainerd the largest
Missionary establish¬
ment in the nation is on
this creek in Tennes¬
see. .
Chickasaw c. falls in¬
to Broad r. below Long
c. in Wilkes co.
Chickasaw r. rises in
the late purchase, runs
S. E. through Early and
Baker into Flint river
near Limestone Bluff.
Chota, an old Indian
Town on the river of
the same name now in
Habersham, Near this
is an old Fort 40 feet
high, and covers nearly
an acre.
Chota r. unites with
the Sookee in Haber¬
sham to form the Chat¬
tahoochee.
Cider c. runs N. E.
in Jackson co. into the
Middle Fork Oconee
above Clarkesboro.
Clarke County is boun¬
ded on the N. by Jack¬
son and Madison ; E. by
Oglethorpe; S. by
Greene and W. by Mor¬
gan and Walton. The
Appalachee forms the
western boundary and
the Oconee its eastern
from the N. line of
Greene, for 10 miles.
Though a great part of
Clarke is embraced in
the middle section of
the State ; yet it has a
grey soil but quite pro¬
ductive. Pop. 9386.
Watkinsville is the capi¬
tal. The University is
in this county.
Clarkesborough con¬
tains a Post Office three
CLA
44
COL
houses and store in
Jackson co. 7 N. W.
Athens, 10 S. Jefferson.
Clarke's c. a consid¬
erable branch of Sugar
c. in Morgan.
Clarke's c. in Frank¬
lin, falls into Broad riv
er.
Clarke's c. runs N.
into Long c. in Wilkes.
Clarke's c. in Glynn,
runs S. into "Little St.
111a. -
Clarkesville p. t. and
cap. Habersham county
laid out in 1823. It is
half a mile east of the
Sookee river, 145 N.
M. 28 N. W. Carnes-
ville. It contains the C.
House, Jail, and 33
houses and stores.*
Claybank c. falls into
the Ogechee in War¬
ren nearly opposite
Powelton.
Claytonsville p. t. and
cap. Rabun county, 160
N. M. 22 N. N. E.
Clarkesville, 50 N. W.
Carnesville. It con-;
fains a Court-House,
Tail nnrl PH hrmaoo
stores. It is 7 m. E.
ofthe Terrora and about
34a 60' N. L. Long. 6s*
58'. ^
Clinton p. t. and cap.
Jones co. 225 W. M.
12 E. Macon, 28 N., W.
Irwinton, 55 N. Hart¬
ford, 28 N. Marion, 28
S. W. Eatonton ; con¬
tains Court-House, Jail,
Academy, and Metho¬
dist M. H. 55 hoasesr
and stores.
Cloud's c. in Ogle¬
thorpe, falls into S. fork
of Broad river.
Cobb's c. falls into the
Alatamaha in Tatnail.
Cochran's c. in Jas¬
per, runs into the Oc-
mulgee below Young's
creek.
Colham's Ferry on (he
Oconee 9 m. N. W.
Greensboro.
Colledge's c. falls into
Turtle river in Glynn
county.
Coldzvater c. in El¬
bert flows into the Tu-
galoo at Edinburgh.
Ccleram, a cluster of"'"
COM
45
cov
bouses in Camden, on
the river St, Mary's.
Coleeparchee c. in N
part oi Bibb co.
Columbia Coitnty is
separated on the North
from Wilkes and Lin
coin by Little river:
the Savannah is on the
N. E., Richmond on the
S. and Warren on the
west. It has a rich soil,
part sandy and part red
loam. Several water
courses pass through it
and render it somewhat
hilly. Pop. 11,345.
Applington is the
capital. The Kiokee
church in this county
was organized in 1772,
and the first Baptist
church formed in the
State.
Commissioners creek
rises in Jones, separates
the S. W. corner of
Baldwin from Jones and
Wilkinson and passing
through the latter co.
fails ioto the OcoDee at
Rutherford's Island.
Commissioners En¬
campment is on the most
southerly point of Cam¬
den co.
Connesavga r, rises
in Tennessee, passes
through the western
part of the chartered
limits of this State, the
centre of the Cherokee
nation, & unites with the
Coosawattee to form the
Oostenalla Newtown
is just at the junction.
Goody's c. falls into
Broad r. in S. part of
Elbert above Peters-
burgh.
Coosawattee r. has its
rise in Tennessee and
unites with Connesauga
in the Cherokee nation
to form the Oostenalla.
Covington p. t. and
cap. Newton co. 67 N.
W. M. 20 N, E. Mon¬
roe, 30 S. Lawrence-
vilie. It is on a ridge
of land between the
Alcovee and Yellow
rivers equidistant from
each.
It contains the Court*
House, Jail, houses of
worship for the Baptists
and Methodists, 48
CRA
46
CRO
dwelling houses and 15
store*, offices,&c. Laid
out in 1823.
Cowpen c. falls into
the Turtle r. in Glynn.
Cowpen c. in the N.
12. part of Washington,
runs into Little Ogee-
cbee.
Coweta County lies E.
of Carroll, from which
the Chattahoochee sep¬
arates it ; parts of De
kalb, Fayette and Pike
are on the E.; Troup
on the S. ; the Chatta¬
hoochee on the W. and
N. W*; and Dekalb on
the north.
Coweta an Indian town
on the W. bank of the
Chattahoochee above
the mouth of Uchee c.
just below the residence
of the late Gen. M'ln-
tosh. Here a treaty was
concluded in 1739 with
the Creeks by Gen
Oglethorpe. It is now
in Alabama.
Crazvford County is
bounded on the N. by
Monroe, E. by Bibb • S.
by Houston; and W.
by Flint river and Up¬
son co., Knoxville is
the capital. Fort Law¬
rence in this county was
the residence of the
Agent for the Creeks
till this year. Pop.
2360.
Craxzfordsville p. t.
and cap. Taliaferro co.
on the great road lead¬
ing from Augusta to
Greensboro. This was
laid out this year and
the public buildings are
not yet completed. 19
miles S. E Greensboro,-
20 S. W. Washington,
28 S. S. E. Lexington.
Creytons Island in
Vl'Intosh co. separated
from Sapello Island by
Sapello Sound.
Cross c. runs into the
Ocmulgee in Pulaski.
Crooked r. falls into
Cumberland Sound in
Camden.
Crooked c. flows into
the Oconee in Putnam.
Crooked c. runs into
the Oconee below the
mouth of Palmetto in
Laurens.
DAN
47
DEA
Crooked c. rises in
Pulaski and falls into
the Ocmulgee in Tel¬
fair.
Cumberland Is. be¬
longs to Camden co.
from which it is separa¬
ted by Cumberland and
St. Andrews Sounds. It
is 16 miles long and
from 1 to 5 broad, con¬
taining 230 inhabitants,
30 whites and 200
blacks.
Cupboard c. falls into
the Savannah 7 miles
below Augusta opposite
N. part of Beach Island
Curry's c. runs into
the Oconee in Jackson.
Currahee Mt. is in
Habersham near the
Franklin line. As you
approach it from the S.
it appears to have risen
entirely" alone, for no
other high lands are
discoverable; but yon
find by ascending it,
that it is the Southern
termination of one ridge
of the Alleghany. The
top is entirely bald and
is not less than 600 feet
above the country be¬
low. This natural cu¬
riosity attracts hun¬
dreds of persons and is
generally visited by par¬
ties going to the cascade
ofTockoa and Falls of
Terrora. It is 4 miles S.
W. Tockoa falls, 1 W.
Broad river, 16 N. W.
Carnesville.
Cypress c. runs into
the Ocmulgee in the S.
W. corner of Pulaski co.
Cypress Pond is in the
N. E. part of Ware co.
D.
Daniel's c. falls into
the Ogeechee in Eman¬
uel county.
Danielsville p. t. and
cap. Madison co. 87 N.
M. 16 N. N. W. Athens,
21 S. Carnesville. It
contains C. H. Jail, A-
cademy and 15 houses
and stores.
Dead r. in Wayne co.
is connected with the
DAK
48
DEC
Alatamaha and Finhol-
loway c. and forms an
Island.
Darien City and cap.
M'Intosh co. on the N.
channel of the Alatama¬
ha river 12 m. from the
Ocean, 190 S. S. E. M.
62, S. S. W. Savannah.
It contains a Bank, with
a large capital, a Pres-
byteriao M H. an Aca¬
demy, C. House, Jail,
and 600 inhabitants. A
weekly paper is printed
here. Boats plying be¬
tween this and Savan¬
nah do not go out into
the Ocean, but find a
safe inland passage a-
long the sounds and riv¬
ers. Considerable cot¬
ton is sold here, though
the market is not so
good as at Savannah.
At the Bar there is
but 14 feet water which
prevents large vessels
from coming up to the
town. Should a more
operative public spirit
be infused into the inha¬
bitants of Darien, they
will render it as acces¬
sible to large ships as if
Savannah or Charles¬
ton.
In 1736 this town was
first built, and called
New Inverness by emi¬
grants from Inverness in
Scotland.
Decatur County is
chiefly in the fork of
Flint and Chattahoo¬
chee rivers in the S«
W. corner of the State.
Early nod Baker are oh
the N. Thomas on tbe
E. Florida on the S. and
the Chattahoochee on
the west. The Flint r.,
runs diagonally from the
N. E. to the S. W. cor¬
ner of the county. It
was taken from Early
co. in 1824, and popu-'
lation included with thafo
of Early. Bainbrjg|gej
is the capital.
Decatur p. t. and cap."
Dekalb co. contains C.'
House, Jail, Academy
and 40 houses, stores,
&c. It is 158 N. W.
IV1. Many buildings are
now erecting and it
DEK
49
£00
bids fair to be a large
town.
Deer Creek falls into
Broad r. in Elbert co.
below Shoal c.
Deed's c. runs into the
Ocoueein Greene.
Deep c. flows into the
Ogeechee in Emanuel
co. below Jones'creek.
Deep c. a branch of
the Sookee in Haber¬
sham.
Deep c. falls into the
Oconee in Washington.
Deep c. rises in Mont¬
gomery and flows into
the Oconee in Tattnall
above Cobb's c.
Deep c. in Warren,
a branch of Rocky
Comfort c.
Deep Gully c. in Ir¬
win, runs N. E. into
Appling and falls into
the Ocmulgee.
Dekalb County is
bounded by Gwinnett on
the N.; Newton on the
E.; Monroe and Fay¬
ette on the S. and the
Chattahoochee on the
W. Pop. 3569. Decatur
is the capital.
E
Dcrrisean's c. unites
with Barrows c. and
falls into the Oconee in
Baldwin.
Diamond c. in Ogle¬
thorpe, the headwaters
of Little river.
Doctor's c. rises in
Liberty., runs S. W.
and falls into the Alata-
maha in M'Intosh.
Doctortoncn, a mere
Indian hut in N. E. part
of Wayne co. on Alata-
maha.
Doby Inlet and Sowid
separate the Southern
part of Sapelio Island
from the main land in
M'Intosh co.
Donaldson's c. is in
the Southern part of
Dooly running into the
Flint river.
Dooly County is boun¬
ded on the N. by Hous¬
ton, E. by Pulaski, S. E.
by Irwin, S. by a
part of Baker and W.
by the Flint river. The
C. H. is 6 E. of the
Flint river, 90 S. S. W.
M. 25 W. Hartford.
Pop. 772,
DRY
50
DDT
Double Branches two
small creeks uniting E.
of Carnesville and fal
liog into Broad river.
Double Branches, two
creeks in Lincoln on
which there is a M. H.
and an incorporated
.Academy.
Dove c. falls into the
Appalachee in the N.
W. corner of Clarke.
Dove c. runs into
Broad r. in Elbert.
Dover Island, in Cam-:
den, near St. Andrew's
Sound, bounded on the
N. and E. hy Southamp¬
ton c.
Dover c. runs into St.
Andrew's Sound S. of
the Island.
Dread's c. rises in
the S. W. corner of
Greene, and falls into
the Oconee in Han¬
cock.
Dry c. is in the N. E.
corner of Laurens.
Dry creek in Han¬
cock falls into Buffaloe
creek.
Dry c. rises in Burke
and falls into the Ogee-
chee below Louis¬
ville.
Dry Fork a branch of
Long c. rises in Ogle¬
thorpe and forms the
boundary between this
co. and Wilkes, till it
unites with long c.
Dublin p. t. and cap.
Laurens co. half a mile
from the W. bank of the
Oconee, 48, S. S. E. M.
28 S. Irwinton. Itcoqj-
tains C. H. Jail, Acade¬
my, and 35 houses and
stores. Considerable
cotton was formerly de¬
posited in the ware-,
houses here to be takefn
down the river; but,(at
present little is receiv¬
ed and the ware-housea
are going to decay.
Duck Is. is in Chat¬
ham, between Litt|e
Tybee Is. and Warsaw
Sound,
Duhart's c. a branch
of Rocky Comfort in
Jefferson.
Dutch Is. in Chatham
below White Marsh Is¬
land.
EAt 51 EBE
E.
Early County is boun¬
ded en the N. by the
late purchase; E. by
Baker ; S. by Decatur
and W. by the Chatta¬
hoochee. Soil is sandy
and much of it thin.
The C. H. is on Flint
river 116 S. W. M. 40
N. Bainbridge. Pop.
1366 including that of most
Baker and Decatur.
Earlyton is spoken of
as the capital efEarlylted
county.
Estanalla c. is in
Franklin and fails into
the Tugalo.
Eatonton p. t. and
cap. Putnam co. in Lat.
33* 23' 21 N. N. W.
M. 22 S. W. Greenesbo-
ro, 22 S. S. E. Madi¬
son, 18 E. Monticello ;
"28 N. N. E. Clinton ;
28 N. W. Sparta, con
tains the C. H. Jail,
two Academies, and one
of the finest houses of
worshipin the up coun¬
try : In this the Metho¬
dists, Baptists, Presby¬
terians, and Christians
hold worship the four
Sabbaths in each month.
A branch of the State
Bank is located at this
place. There are 69
dwelling houses and 36
stores, offices, shops&c.
The M. H. and Acade¬
mies, are situated in a
beautiful grove
well enclosed,, With
the Academy is connec-
a Library which
cost $800, and a Philo¬
sophical Apparatus pur¬
chased in London for
$2600. The citizens
have evinced considera¬
ble taste in their public
buildings and much spir¬
it in erecting them and
providing means for the
improvement of the ris¬
ing generation.
Ebenezer p. v. in Ef¬
fingham co, on the stage
road to Augusta 25 miles
from Savannah. It con¬
tains a large house of
worship built of stone,
12 houses, and was ser-
EIG
52
EMA.
lied chiefly by Germans
in 1735.
Ebenezer c. rises in
Scriven, runs S. E. into
Savannah r. above the
villageof the same name.
Ebenezer c. two small
branches in Effingham
one falling into the
large c. and the oth¬
er into Savannah river
below the village.
Edinburg v. on both
9ides of Cold Water c.
at its mouth in Elbert
co. contains two stores
and two houses, 4 m.
E. Ruckersville.
Effingham County is
bounded by Scriven on
the N.; Savannah r. on
the E. Chatham on the
S., and the Ogeechee
which separates it from
Bullock on the W. Pop
2666. Springfield is
the capital.
Egg Is. is at the en¬
trance of Alatnmaha
Sound in M'lntosh co.
Eight Wood Log c.
forms the Northern
boundary for 12 miles
between Elbert and
Franklin counties and
falls into the Savannah
river. •
Elbert County lies in
the fork of Savannah
and Broad rivers.—-
Franklin is on the N.;
S. Carolina on the E.;
Wilkes on -the S.; and
Oglethorpe and Madison
on the W. Pop. 14,500.'
Elberton is the capital.
Elberton p-t. and cap.
Elbert co. is 73 N. N.
E. M. and contains C.
H. jail, two academies
bouse of worship and'
21 houses and stores.
Elberton v. was the
seat of justice in Effing-,
ham for a large extent
of territory, but is now
in ruins.
Elkins c. runs into
Flint r. in Pike County."
Emanuel county, is
bounded on the N. by
Jefferson and Burke
from which it is separa¬
ted by the Ogeechee ;
S. E. by Bullock, Scull's
creek forming part of
the boundary ; S. by
Tattnall; W. by Mont-
FAL
53
F1S
gomery aod part of Lau¬
rens ; and N. W. by
Washington. Eman¬
uel touches 8 counties,
Scriven besides those
mentioned above. The
Ohoopee passes through
the western part and is
the line between it and
Laurens. Pop. 2967.
Swainsboro' is the cap
ital.
Etowah or Hightower
r. is a considerable tri¬
butary of theOostenau-
11a. It rises in the
Cherokee Nation, runs
S. W. and tails into the
Oostenaulla near the
western line oftheState,
35 miles below the con¬
fluence of the Connes-
auga and Coosewattee.
After the junction of the
Etowah with the Oos¬
tenaulla they take the
name of Coosa. This
bends west into Alaba¬
ma.
Falling c. rises in
Jasper, runs S. and re¬
ceiving several branch¬
es, flows into the Oc
mulgee in Jones.
Falling c. in Ogle¬
thorpe, runs W. into
the Oconee and the
mouth of it is the boun
dary between Ogle¬
thorpe and Greene.
Falling c. receiving
Webb's c. as a principal
branch, falls into Broad
r. in Elbert.
E*
Fayette County is
bounded on the N. by
Dekalb ; oq the E. by
Henry; on the S. by
Pike, and on the W. by
Flint river. Pop. 2588.
Fayetteville p. t. and
cap, Fayette co. 109 N.
W. M. contains the C.
H. Jail, and 42 houses,
3torep, offices, fcc. This
is a healthy spot and is
rising info importance.
Fishing c. rises in
Jones, runs east and*
tails into the Oconee in*
FLI
54
FOft
the sooth part of Mil-:
ledgeville. Its width:
is 30 feet and depth 3J-.
Fishing c. has its
origin in Oglethorpe,
and runs S. W. thro'
Greene into the Oco¬
nee. This is a large
rapid stream and fre¬
quently impassable
when swollen by rains.
Fishing c. rises near
Washington in Wilkes
runs N. E. through* Lin¬
coln into the Savannah.
Fishing c. runs into
Turtle r. in Glynn co.
Fifteen mile c. falls
into the Alatamaha in
Appling.
Five mile c. in Ap¬
pling, flows into the
Alatamaha above Fort
James.
Flat c. falls into the
Oconee in Laurens be¬
low Palmetto c.
Flat c. a branch of
which rises near Ma¬
rion, falls into the Oc-
mulgee in Twigs.
Flint r. The origin
of this river is chiefly
in Fayette co. and its
whole length is near
300 miles. It flows in¬
to the Chattahoochee
in the S, W. corner of
the State to torm the
Appalacbicola. It bag
6 feet of watfer at the
junction, up to which
sloops have ascended,
and it can easily be
made navigable for many
miles. The late pur¬
chase from the Creek
Indians lies chiefly be¬
tween this r. and the
Chattahoochee.
Fork c. is in the S.
east corner of Madison
and falls into S. fork of
Broad river.
Forsythe p. t. and cap.
Monroe co. is on an ele¬
vated situation below
the Towelogga in L. 33a
12' 50 W. N- W. MJ
27 W. S. W. Monti-
cello, 25 N. N. W.
Macon, 27 N. E. Ze-
bulun and 20 S. Jack¬
son. It was laid out in
1823 and now contains
70 houses and stores,
an Academy, a house of
worship for the Bap-
FOR
55
FOR
tists, an elegant C. H.
Jail, &c. Most of the
houses are handsomely
built. Indeed almost
all the towns on the
west side of the Ocmul-
geeseem to hare sprung
into existence as if by
the plastic hand of mo*
gic. Four or five years
ago the whole territory
was a solitary wilder¬
ness ; no voice was
beard save that of the
Indian hunter; but now
industry has converted
it irfto beautiful planta¬
tions and ornamented it
with many lovely vil¬
lages. The follower of
Jesus, who migrated
from the settled coun¬
try, did not forget the
vows that were upon
him when he reached
the wilderness; for in all
of the villages lots are
provided for a house
of God, and in most of
them such buildings are
erected. If we may
judge from appearances,
these villages will not
suffer in point of morali¬
ty by a comparison with
those which have stood
50 and 40 years. It is
sincerely hoped that
those who will soon set¬
tle the country lately
acquired of the Creeks,
will feel the same obli¬
gations and use the same
active exertions, to pre¬
pare a house where the
Lord's honor may dwell.
Fort c. a branch of
Shoulderbone in Han¬
cock.
Fort c. runs into Lit¬
tle river in S. W. cor¬
ner of Columbia.
Fort's c. forms the
boundary, its whole
length between Wash¬
ington and Laurens and
falls into Oconee.
Fort's c. is a tributa¬
ry of the Ogeechee in
Washington.
Fort jirgyle is on the
west bank of the Ogee-
chee in Bryan co. 4
miles above the mouth
ofthe Canoochee,and 6
above Ogeechee bridge*
This Fort was built in
1733 to protect the ear-
FOR
56
FOR
ly settlers froq^invasion
by the Spaniards, but is
now in ruins. Here the
Canal from Savannah
enters the Ogeechee.
Fort Barrington is'on
the ea9t bank of the
Alatamaha 14 miles
above Darien, built by
the Carolinians in 1720
to prevent" the escape
of negroes to the Span
lards at St. Augustine.
Fort Early is on the
Flint below Fort Law¬
rence.
Fort Gaines is on the
Chattahoochee in the
N. W. part of Early co.
Fort Hawkins is an
the W. side of the Oc-
mulgee half a mile from
the bank, opposite Ma
con. Col. Hawkins,
for a long time the be¬
nevolent Agent of the
Creeks, resided at this
spot.
Fort James on the W»
bank of the Alatamaha,
is 50 tnile9 above Da¬
rien and 12 below the
mouth of the Ohoopee
Here the Canal now ex¬
cavating is to enter the
river.
Fort Jackson on the
W. side of the Savan¬
nah and 3\ miles below
the town, is kept in re¬
pair.
Fort Lawrence is in
Crawford Co. on the
Flint river, and was for
iO®e years till 1826 the
residence of the Agent,
for the Creeks. Here a
treaty was concluded on
the 22d January 1818,
for two tracts of territo¬
ry,- one W. of the Ala¬
tamaha, the other em:
bracing Dekalb, New¬
ton, &c. Boats haye as¬
cended to tbis spot.
Fort Mitchell is on the
W. bank of the Chatta-.
hoochee 5 miles above
Uchee creek. Thistis
the residence of the
Creek Agent.
Fort Scott is in Deca¬
tur Co. ou the W. side
of the Flint river.
Fort Wayne is in the
Southern part of Savan¬
nah and kept in repair
to defend the town.
FOR
57
FUL
Fort Wilkinson is on
the Oconee 3 miles be¬
low Milledgeville. Here
a treaty with the Creeks
was held on the*®16th
June 1802, by which a
considerable portion of
the land between the
Ocmulgee and Oconee
was obtained. Much
compassionate feeling
for the poor Indians has
been recently express¬
ed against the anxiety
which the people of this
state have evinced^ in
settling upon the lands
lately acquired. But is
their impatience at war
with the actions of men
in general who use all
lawful means to accu¬
mulate wealth ? Slander
dare not wag its vipe
ious tongue against the
honourable manner in
which Georgia has pro
cured lands|from the In¬
dians ; she has always
paid them a considera¬
tion with which they
were satished and has
not wrested from them
a foot by force or con¬
quest. Can those who
have talked so loudly
against Georgia's impa¬
tience, say the same
concerning the manner
in which their States
were procured ?
Franklin County is
separated from S. C. by
the Tugalo ; Elbert and
Madison are on the S. ;
Jackson on the S. W,
and Habersham on the
North. Pop. 8829.
Carnesville is the capi¬
tal.
Frederica p. v. and
Fort, built by Gen.Ogle¬
thorpe in 1736 on St.
Simon's Island. The
Fort has long since gone
to decay, but there are
10 houses in the vil¬
lage. 182 miles S. S.
E. M.
Freeman's creek falls
into the Appalacbee
in Clarke County be¬
low Harvey's Mills.
Fulsome''s c. runs into
the Ogeechee in Han¬
cock.
GLY
58
Gainsville p. t. and
cap. Hall co. is 3 miles
S. E of the Chattahoo¬
chee, 11 above Van's
Ferry, 120 N. N. W.
M.; 40 N. N. W.
Athens ; 30 N. W Jef¬
ferson ; 30 N. N. E
Lawrenceville. It con¬
tains Court House, Jail.
Academy, 25 houses &
10 stores, oflSr.es, &c.
Garner's Ferry, on
the Oconee 11 miles
Greensboro, II Eatoo-
ton.
General's Is. in M'ln-
tosh, S. of Darien, is 7
miles long and 2 broad.
Germany's c. rises in
Warren, runs N. E. and
falls into Little r. in
Columbia, just below
Raysville.
Glady c. has its origin
in Jasper and flows into
Cedar c. in Jones.
Glynn County lies S.
of M Intosh ; the At¬
lantic is on the E.;
Camden on fhe S. and
Wayne on the West.
Pop. 3418. Brunswick
is the capital.
Goose c. falls into the
Alatamaha at the cor¬
ners of Appling and
Wayne, and famous as
being the point of der
marcation in two ,or
three treaties with the
Creeks,
Goose c. runs into.
Appalacbee below
Hardlabour in Morgan
connty.
Goose pond, formerly
covered 60 acres in
Oglethorpe county, but
it has been drained so
that most of the land is
now tillable. It com¬
municates with Broad r.
by a stream one fourth
of a mile long.
Goose pond c. flows
into Broad river below
the pond.
Goshen p. v. in Lin¬
coln connty on the stage
road from Augusta to
Camesville. It is 6
miles N. E. Lincolnton,
and contains an acade-
ORE
59
GRE
my, M. H. for the Bap¬
tists, and 10 dwelling i
houses and 2 stores. i
Graver's Is. in Cam¬
den co. is nearly 9ur-1
rounded by the waters(
of Crooked r. and is 8
miles west of Cumber¬
land Island.
Grave's mt. is a sugar
loaf peak about 300 feet
high, on the western
line of Lincoln co. 14
E. Washington ; 5 S. W.
Lincolnton. It can be
seen 20 miles. Peters-
burgh, 15 miles distant,
can be distinctly seen
from its top.
Gray's c. falls into
Little river, in Lincoln.
Great Rocky c. flows
into the Oconee, in Han¬
cock, below Logdam c.
Greene c. falls into
Turtle river, in Glynn.
Green Briar c. rises
in Clarke, runs S. and
falls into the Oconee be¬
low Colham's ferry, in
Greene co.
Green Briar (Little)
falls into the large one,
in Stovall's plantation.
Green Briar c. a trib¬
utary of Great Kiokee,
in Columbia.
Greene County is
bounded on the N. by
Clarke and Oglethorpe ;
on the E. by Taliaferro;
on the S. by Hancock ;
on the W. by Putnam
and Morgan. A part of
this co. lies in the fork
of the Oconee and Ap-
palachee, and the north¬
ern boundary of this part
is a line from the mouth
of Rose c. on the Oco¬
nee, running W. 60° 5'
to Walker's ford, on the
Appalachee^ Population
13,535.
Greenesborough p. L
and cap. Greene co. is
on an elevated spot be
tween Richland & Bea-
verdamcreeks, 40 miles
by the road, 29^ in a
straight direction, near¬
ly N. M.; 22 N. E. Ea-
tonton ; 18 E-S-E-Mad¬
ison ; 25 S. S. W- Lex¬
ington ; 31 W. S. W.
Washington. It contains
a C. H*Jail, Clerk's of¬
fice of brick; Female
HAB 60
HAB
Academy,with rooms for
a family, a Methodist
Chapel, a Male Acade¬
my, in which the Pres¬
byterians and Baptists
worship, 68 dwelling
bouses, 10 stores, 6 law
offices, 8 mechanic and
4 doctor's shops, & 910
inhabitants, 382 whites,
and 528 blacks. It is 76
N. W. Augusta, and 6 E.
of the confluence of the
Oconee and Appalacbee
rivers. A branch of the
State Bank is located
here. One of the pub¬
lic wells contains
grains of iron to a pint
of water.
Grovefork c. a branch
of Hudson's r. in Frank
iin.
Grove c. falls into
Broad r. in Oglethorpe,
between Cloud's c- and
Little Beaverdam.
Gumlog c. flows into
the Tugalo in Franklin,
above Cleaveland's fer-
ry.
Gum, or Ochau-cool-
gum c- rises in Jones and
falls into the Ocmulgee
below Fort Hawkins,
lin Bibb county.
Gum Swamp c. rises
in the S. part of Twigs,
runs S. through the E.
part of Pulaski, and los¬
es itselfin Little Ocmul¬
gee-
Gum Swamp c. (Lit¬
tle) in Palaski, falls into
the Ocmulgee.
Gwinnett County is
bounded on the N- by
Hall; N. E. by Jackson ;
S. E. by Walton ; S. W.
by Dekalb ; and W. by
the Chattahoochee. A
high ridge of land sepa¬
rates the N. E. part of
this co. from Jackson,
out of which rises the
Appalachee river. Pop.
7863. Lawrenceville is
the capital.
Habersham County islstate, bounded by Che-
in the N. E. part of thejrokee lands on the N. j
BAN
61
HA.R
N. E. by the Terrora,
which separates it from
Rabun ; S. by Franklin
and Hall ; and W. by
the Ohestatee. The
Chota and Spokee, the
head branches of the
Chattahoochee rise and
meet in this co. Pop.
4451. Clarksville is the
capital.
Halite's c. rises in
Gwinnett and flows into
the Yellow r. above Co¬
vington.
Hall County is bound
ed on the N. and N. 'E.
by Habersham ; E. by
Jackson ; S. by Gwin¬
nett ; and W. by the
Chestatee and Chatta¬
hoochee. Pop. 8245.
Gainesville is the capi¬
tal.
Hancock County has
Greene and Taliaferro
on theN-; theOgeechee,
which separates from
Warrenon the E.;Wash-
jngton and a part of Bald -
win on the S. ; and the
Oconee,which separates
it from Putnam, on the
F
W. Pop. 13,175. Spar¬
ta is the capital.
Hannah's c. is? n S.
part of Franklin.
Harden's c- rises in S-
E. corner of Taliaferro,
and falls into Little riv-
er,inWi!kes, above Ree¬
dy creek.
Hardlabour c. rises in
Walton,passes into Mor¬
gan, receives Big Sandy
c. and falls into the Ap-
palachee below Trim¬
ble's bridge.
Hardship c- unites
with Hunger c- in Lau¬
rens, and falls into the
Oconee-
Hardwick v- an incon¬
siderable village of two
or three houses, in Bry¬
an.
Harrisburgh v. in
Richmond, 1 mile from
Augusta, on the great
western road to Mil-
ledgeville. Athens, fec¬
it contains 40 houses <£*
stores, and a Presbyte¬
rian M. H.
Harris c- is near the op-
HEN
62
HIC
per part of Greene, and
falls into the Oconee.
Hart's c- rises in War¬
ren, and falls into Up¬
ton's c- in Columbia.
Hartford p- t. and
cap. Pulaski, is on the
E. side of the Ocmulgee,
61 S. M. 44 N- N. W.
Jacksonville ; contains
25 dwelling houses, and
12 stores and shops, &c-
Sea shells are found on
the banks of the river
here, though it is 170
miles from the Ocean.
Hasets c• a branch of
the Sookee. in Haber¬
sham.
Howie's, a Mission¬
ary station, 55 S- Braiu-
erd.
Haylor's c. a branch
of Honeycutt's creek,
in Morgan
Headstall c- rises in
Columbia, and falls into
Briar creek, in Rich¬
mond-
Heard's c. runs S. W.
into the Ocmulgee, in
Jasper, above the Sev¬
en Islands.
Henry Co is bounded
jW. by Dekalb ; E. by
INewton and Butts ; S.
by Pike ; and W. by
Fayette. Pop- 5480,
including those of Butts.
The capital is M'Do-
nough.
Herd's Is. is N. E. of
Darien.
Heriot's c. a branch
of Allison's c. It rises
in Clarke, and unites
with the other near its
mouth, in Greene co.
Herod's c. rises in the
late purchase, and falls
into Chickasaw, on the
boundary between Ear¬
ly and Baker.
Hermon v- in Ogle¬
thorpe, 7 W, S. W.Lex¬
ington. It contains 7
houses, a store and aca¬
demy. This village, like
many others in the state,
was built for the pur¬
pose of supporting the
academy, and enjoying
the advantages of edu¬
cation.
Hickory-level c, in the
W. part of Haber-
9ham;
Highwassf.e r- rises
HON
63
HUD
within a few rods of the
head branches of the
Chattahoochee among
the mountains in the
Cherokee nation,&runs
W. into the Tennessee-
High Shoals is the
most westerly point
purchasedofthe Creeks
till 1802. It is on the
Appalachee, 12 S. \V.
Athens.
Hightower, or Etow¬
ah r. There is a Mis¬
sionary station on this
river called Hightower,
80 S. S. E. Brainerd-
Hillsborough p. v. in
Jasper co. 9 m- S. E.
Monticello ; contains 10
houses, 4 stores and aD
academy.
Hillsborough v. of 3
houses and 1 store, in
Putnam, 7 m. E. Eaton-
ton.
Hog c. runs into
Shoal c. in Jones.
Holly c. a tributary of
Broad r. in Madison.
Honey Gall c. runs
into the Alatamaha in
Glvnn.opposite Wright's
Is" ' '
Honeycutt's c. rises iu
Walton, and is one prin¬
cipal branch of Little r-
Hope Is. in Chatham,
between Dutch & Long
Islands, 10 m. S. Savan¬
nah.
" Horse c. runs into St.
Andrew's Sound inCam-
den, and partly sur¬
rounds
Horse Island, in same
county.
Horse c. falls into the
Ocmulgee, in Telfair.
Horse creek rises in
Burke, and flows into
the Ogeecbee, in Scriv*
en.
Hound c. is in the N.
E. part of Tatnall, and
runs into the Canooch-
ee.
Houston Co. is bpund
ed' W. by Crawford and
Bibb ; E. by Twigs and
Pulaski; S. by Dooly,
and W. by the Flint riv¬
er. This and Doply
both ' extend from the
Ocmulgee to the Flint.
Pop. 1773. Perry is
the capital.
Hudson's r. rises in
IRW
64
IRW
Habersham, runs S- E
and loses its name in
Broad r. of which it is
a considerable fork,
near the N. E. corner
of Madison. Its whole
length is 50 miles.
Hunger c. falls into
Hardship c. in Laurens.
Hunting c- is in Hall
and flows into the
head waters of the Oco¬
nee.
I.
Ich'ecanno rises in
Monroe, forms the lin?
between Crawford and
Bibb, runs S. E. and falls
into the Ocmulgee near¬
ly opposite Marion.
Indian c. rises in
Walton, passes througblthe S
Morgan and loses itsell
in Little river.
Indian c. a little
branch of the one above.
Indian c. falls into the
Flint r. in Dooly.
Indian c. rises near
Lexington and falls into
Long c. in Oglethorpe.
Indian Springs. (See
Mineral Springs.)
Irwin's c. a branch of
Wise's c. in-Jasper.
Irwin County is still a
large coun'y although
Lowndes and most of
Thomas have been ta¬
ken from it. Telfair
separated by the Oc¬
mulgee is on the N.;
(bat part of Telfair on
the S. of the Ocmulgee
on the E.; Lowndes on
Baker on the
W and Dooly on the
N. W. Pop. 411.
The C. H. is in the
northern part, 2 miles
from the Ocmulgee, 42
m. N* W. Jacksonville.
Irwinton p. t. and cap.
Wilkinson co. is on a
high gravelly ridge be¬
tween Commissioners
nd Big Sandy creeks,
20 S. M. 28 N. N. W.
Dublin ; 30 W. S. W.
Sandersville ; 20 E. Ma¬
rion, 10 W. of the Oco-
JAC
65
JAC
nee and contains 30
houses and stores,!
Jack's c. rises in Wal
ton and falls into the
"Appalachee in Morgan
below Middlebrook's
bridge. A battle was
fought on this creek
with the Indians 1787,
in which General John
Clarke, though a youth,
distinguished himself.
Jack's c. falls into the
Ohoopee in the S- part
of Emanuel.
Jacks c. (Little) in
same co. and falls into
large one.
Jackson County is
bounded on the N. E.
by Franklin; E. by
Franklin and Madison ;
S. by Clarke; W.
by Walton and Gwin¬
nett ; and N- VV. by
Hall Pop. 9575. Jef¬
ferson is the' capital.
Jackson p. t. and cap.
Butts co. is 5 miles N.
W. the Indian Springs ;
55 N. W. M. 17 W.
F
C. H. Jail, Academy and
Methodist Chapel.
Monticello; 20 N. For-
sythe, 24 S. Covington ;
17 E. M'Donough. The
county of Butts was or¬
ganized in 1825 and the
public buildings are not
vet erected. It con¬
tains 5 houses and 4
stores. A Presbyterian
Society is formed in the
town, but have no house
of worship.
Jacksonborough p. t.-
and cap. Scriven co. on
Beaverdam c- just be¬
fore its entrance into
Briar c* 130 S. E. M. 69
N. N. E. Savannah ; 54
S. E. Augusta, contains
C. H. Jail, and 12 hou¬
ses and stores. There
has not been till lately,
much taste discovered
in the exterior of the
buildings in this place.
Jacksonville p. t. and
cap. Telfair co. is one
mile from the Ocmul-
gee, 104 S. M, 44 S,
JEP
66
JYK
E. Hartford, and con¬
tains C* H- Jail, and 30
houses and stores*
Jasper County is boun¬
ded by Morgan on the
N. E*; by Putnam on
the E* by Jones on the
S. and by the Ocmulgee
on the W. which separ¬
ates it from Monroe and
Butts; and N. W. by
Walton. Pop. 16,921.
Monticello is the capital*
Jefferson County has
Richmond on the N. E.
Burke on the E.; Eman¬
uel on the S. Washing¬
ton on the W. and War¬
ren on the N* W. Pop.
7083. The capital is
Louisville.
Jefferson p. t. and cap.
Jackson co. is 87, N* N.
W.M.I8 N.W.Athens
30 S- Gainesville. It
contains C.H. Jail, Aca¬
demy 18 houses and 11
stores, offices, &C. It
stands 2 miles N. of the
great Federal road to
Tennessee.
Jefferson p. t.and cap.
Camden co. is on the S.
side of the St. ilia, 25
W. N. W. St. Marys,
28 S. W. Brunswick,
50 S. W. Barien. It
contains the C. H. Jail
and 16 houses and
stores.
Jobless c. runs into
the Savannah in Burke
below Shell Bluff.
Joes* c- 'falls into
Rocky Comfort in War¬
ren.
Jones County is boun¬
ded by Jasper and a
part of Putnam on the
N. by Baldwin on the
E* by a small part of
Wilkinson and Twigs on
the S. and by the Oc¬
mulgee and Bibb co. on
the W. Pop. 16,498.
Clinton is the capital.
Jones'' c. runs into the
Ogechee in Burke co.
Jordan's c. flows into
the Ocmulgee in Pulas¬
ki above Hartford.
Jykill Sound separates
the Island of the same
name from the main
land in Glynn co. The
mouth of the Sound is
N. of St. Andrews.
KIQ
67
KNO
K.
Keg c. falls into the
Savannah' below the
mouth of Little r. in Co¬
lumbia
Keg c. a branch of
Buffaloe c. in Washing¬
ton.
Kettle c. falls into the
Ocmulgee in Irwin.
Kettle c. rises in
Wilkes and passes thro'
Taliaferro into Little
river. Here a bloody
battle was fought on the
14th February, 1779.
Col. Boyd commanded
the British, and Cols.
Pickens, Dooly and
Clarke the Americans,
who obtained a signal
victory over their ene¬
mies.
Kiokee c. in Colum¬
bia, runs E. into the
Savannah.
Kiokee c. (Little) in
same Co. and flows into
Savannah below ..the
large one. These
are both considerable
streams and you fre¬
quently see the impa¬
tient traveller on their
banks, watching the
subsiding of the water
that he may pursue his
journey.
Kingston p. v. in Mor¬
gan, near Sugar c. 3 m.
W. Park's bridge on the
Oconee. 14 E N. E*
Eatonton, 10 Greensbo¬
ro', 11 Madison, contains
7 houses and 3 stores,
and a house of worship
for the Baptists and
Methodists.
Koo-loo moo-kee c. falls
into the Chattahoochee,
in Early, below Fort
Gaines.
i Knoxville p. t. and
cap. Crawford co. 52 S.
W. M. 22 W. Macon,
contains the C. H- Jail,
Academy and 20 houses
land stores.
LEA
68
LEX
Lambert's c- falls into
the Ogeechee in Jeffer¬
son bplow Louisville-
Lane's c. flows into
the Appalachee in
Clarke at the High
Shoals.
Laurens County lies
on both sides of the
Oconee. Wilkinson on
the W* side and Wash¬
ington on the E- side of
the river form the nor¬
thern boundary ; Eman¬
uel and Montgomery are
on the E. ; the latter
co. on the S.; and Pu
laski on the \V. Pop.
S884- Dublin is the cap.
Lawrenceville p. t- and
cap- Gwinnett Co. is 90
N. N- W- M. 30 N-
Covington, and contains
C- H- Jail, Academy 33
dwelling houses and 16
stores, offices, fee. Pop.
about 400. The town;
is 8 m. E. of the Chatta-;
hoochee.
Leatherwood c. falls
into Broad river in
Franklin.
Lee County is boun¬
ded W. by Muscogee ;
E. by Dooly and a cor¬
ner of Houston ; S. by
Baker and Early and
W. by the Chattahoo¬
chee.
Lewis' Island is in
M'Intosh, ' bounded
partly by Lewis' creek,
4 m. N. W. Darien-
Lexington p. t. and
cap- Oglethorpe co. on
the stage road from Au¬
gusta to Athens, 76 N.
W. the former, 16 S-
E. the latter place, 64
N. M. 24 N. W. Wash¬
ington ; 25 N N. E-
Greenesboro. It con:
tains an elegant C. H>
Jail, Male and Female
Academies in which the
Presbyterians and Me¬
thodists hold divine
worship, 38 dwelling
houses,15 stores, shops,
&c. and a public Library.
The, Male Academy is
ot brick two stories high
&nd was founded and
endowed by Mr. —r-
LIM
69
LIM
Meson, a merchant of!
this place, who dying,
bequeathed to it some
thousand dollars, and
several town lots, &c
The bank stock now
yields six or seven hun¬
dred dollars annually,
We hope other wealthy
men will remember the
cause of Literature in
their wills, mindful that
without it a country can
never reach the high
pinnacle of Fame after
which so many are as¬
piring.
Liberty County in
shape is similar to the
letter L, and is bounded
N- E by Bryan ; E. by
the Atlantic and M'ln-
tosh, and S. by M'Jntosh
and the AlatamahaandN.
W. by Tattnall co. Pop.
7429- Riceboro is the
capital.
Lick c- falls into the
Oconee in Putnam-
Limestone c- runs into
the E. side of the Oco¬
nee in Montgomery-
Limestone c. flows into
the Flint r- in Dooly co.
Limestone c. runs S.
W. into the Ocmulgee,
below Hartford, in Pu¬
laski co.
Lincoln Co- is bound¬
ed N. by Elbert, from
which it is separated by
Broad r- ; N. E. and E.
by the Savannah ; S. by
Little r- separating it
from Columbia } and W„
by Wilkes co* Pop.
6019. Lincolnton cap.
Lincolnton p. t. and
cap. Lincoln county, is
90 N- E. M. ; 40 N. N.
W. Augusta ; 18 E*
Washington ; and con¬
tains C H- jail,academy.
Baptist M. H. and 15
houses and stores.
Lisbon v- in Lincoln
co. containing 3 or 4
houses, separated by
Broad r. from Peters¬
burg, and by Savannah
from Vienna. These 3
little villages are not
half a mile distant at
the confluence of the
Savannah and Broad ri¬
vers.
Little's c. falls into
Hudson's r. in Franklin
LON
70
LOU
Little river rise9 in
Greene and Oglethorpe
counties, runs E* receiv¬
ing many tributaries, &.
discharges its waters in¬
to the Savannah, on the
line between Lincoln &
Columbia. In its course
it separates parts of
Warren and Columbia
from Wilkes, and a part
of Columbia from Lin¬
coln. It is 60 m- long,
and the rapids in it fur¬
nish some fine mill seats.
Little r. has its origin
in Walton, runs S.thro'
Morgan and Putnam,
thence bending E. flow's
into the Oconee 8 miles
above Milledgeville, on
the line between "Bald¬
win and Putnam.
Logdam c. falls into
the Oconee in Hancock-
Long c. flows into the
Ogeechee, in Emanuel,
nearly opposite Bark
Camp c-
Long c- rises in Ogle¬
thorpe, serves as a
boundary between this
co. and Wilkes for ma¬
ny miles, and flows into
Broad r- on the bounda-
sy line.
Long Shoal c- falls in¬
to the Tugalo r- above
Key's ferry, in Frank¬
lin-
Long Is. is in Tybee
Sound, near the mouth
of the Savannah.
Long Swamp c. a trib¬
utary of the Etovah, in1,
the Cherokee nation-
Loft's c. falls into the
Caooochee, at the N.
W. corner of Bryan co.
Lott's c. (Little) rises*
near Statesboro, in Bul¬
lock, and unites with
the larger one.
Loyd's c. flows into
the Savannah in Colum¬
bia. above Kiokee c-
Louisville, p. t. and
cap- Jefferson co- on the
Ogeechee. or rather on
Rocky Comfort, a large
creek, just before its
entrance into the river.
It is 54 E. S. E. M. ; 26
E. Sandersville ; 25 W.
Waynesboro ; 40 S. W*
Augusta; contains C. H.
jail, the old state house,
now occupied as a Ma-
MAC
71
MAC
sonic ball, academy and
M. H. for all denomina¬
tions, 60 houses and 20
stores, offices, &c. This
was several years the
seat of government—
Ten thousand dollars
have beer, raised by in¬
dividuals, chiefly in this
town, and expended to
clear the obstructions
to navigation in the
Ogeechee river.. Boats
carrying 200 and 30u
bags of cotton, now de¬
scend the river and re¬
turn with 25 and 30 tons
merchandize.
The completion of
Mac Bean's c. forms
the boundary between
Richmoud and Burke,
its whole length nearly
20 miles and falls into
the Savannah below
Beach Island.
J\l'Donald's c. rises
in Henry and falls into
the Flint r. in Pike co.
M' Donougk p-t. and
cap. Henry county, i9
the Ogechee Canal will
infuse new life into the
section of country about
Louisville.
Lowndes County was
taken from Irwin in
1825- Irwin is on the
N. ; Ware on the E. ;
Florida and ' a part of
Thomas on the S. and
Thomas and.Baker on
the West. TheC. H. is
3 miles from a small
stream, 197 S. M. 13S
S. Hartford, 30 N.
Thomasville. The pub¬
lic buildings are* not yet
finished. Pop. of the co*
included in Irwin.
70 N, W. M. 32 N- W.
Forsythe; 28 S. S. E.
Decatur; 21 E. Fay-
ettville ; 22 S. W.
Covington, and contains
C. H. Jail, Academy,
houses of worship for
the Baptists and Metho¬
dists, and 40 houses and
stores-
M'Intosh County ig
bounded N E. by Lib-
MAC
72
MAC
erty, E. by the Atlan
tic; S. by Glynn an.t
Wayne; and W. by
Liberty. Pop. 5129-
Darien is the capital*
JWInlosh c. flows into
Briar c* below Rae's
Bridge in Burke.
Machine ~ c- falls into
Gum c in Jones.
Mack's c• a tributary
of Long c. in Ogle¬
thorpe.
Macon p. t. and cap.
Bibb co. on the W. bank
of the Ocmulgee oppo
site FfFfct Hawkins, 34
W. s. W.M. 12 S. W.
Clinton; 30 N- E. Per¬
ry ; 22 E. N. E. Knox-
▼ille ; 25 S- E- For-
sythe ; contain^ C. H-
Jail, Academy, Bank,
and branch of the Da¬
rien Bank, 2 Printing
Offices and 1140 inhabi¬
tants. The Episcopa¬
lians, Presbyterians,
Methodists and Bap¬
tists have each a Socie¬
ty organized, and are
making preparations to
erect heuses for wor
ship. The river here
« 500 feet wide, over
which a good bridge has
been just completed.
Though it was laid out
in 1823, it has already
100 houses, stores,
ware houses, &c- and
people are pressing to
it with great zeal. At¬
tempts have been made
to remove the seat of
government, and make
Macon the metropolis.
Boats carrying 400 and
500 bags of cotton des¬
cend from this place,
and in return bring 70
tons merchandise-
Smaller boats ascend 50
miles above, to the con¬
fluence of the three
head branches of the
river. " Twelve thou¬
sand bags of cotton were
deposited in Macon in
1825, and probably the
number will be doubled
this year. Should the
town remain healthy it
will soon out grow Mil-
ledgeville. Macon is
in L. 32* 61' 45," Long.
6® 64.' Two weekly pa-
MAD
73
MED
pers are issued from the
Presses here.
Maddox's c. rises in
Warren and falls into
Upton's c. in Columbia.
Madison County I1 is
bounded on the N. by
Franklin, on the E. by
Elbert; on the S. by
Oglethorpe and a cor¬
ner of Clarke ; on the
W. by Jackson. Min¬
eral Springs are in this
co. Pop. 3928. Dan-
ielsville is the capital.
Madison p. t. and cap.
Morgan co. is 43 N.
N. W. M. 22 N. Eaton-
ton, 27 S. S. W. Athens;
18 W. N. W. Greenes-
boro. It contains an ex¬
cellent brick C. H. Jail,
Male and Female Aca¬
demies, Masonic Hall,
and more than 1000 in¬
habitants. Divine wor¬
ship by the different de¬
nominations is conduc¬
ted in the Academies.
The Male Academy, a
fine brick building two
stories high, was con¬
sumed by fire last win¬
ter. To the Academies
is attached a good Li¬
brary.
Madison Springs. (See
Mineral Springs.)
Maiden c. is a tribu¬
tary of Big Sandy c. in
Wilkinson.
Mallorysville p. v.
14 m. N. W. Washing¬
ton, containing an Aca¬
demy, 7 dwelling hou¬
ses, 2 stores and sever¬
al shops.
March Is. in M'Intosh,
is below Doby Inlet and
N ofWolflsland.
Marion p. t. and cap.
Twigs co. is 36 S. W,
M, 28 S. Clinton; 20
W. Irwinton, contains
C. H. Jail, Academy,
and about 50 bouses and
stores. The branch of
Darien Bank formerly
located here, was re¬
moved to Macon, Ma¬
rion is on Savage creek
8 miles W, of the Oc-
mulgee.
Medical Society for
the state was incorpora¬
ted by the Legislature
in 1825,
MED
74
MED
The Board consisting
of 2ft Physicians, 7 of
whom form a quorum,
is required to meet an¬
nually at the seat of
Government and there
examine and license ap¬
plicants to practice Phy¬
sic and Surgery. Such
as have received a Di¬
ploma from any Medical
College may be licensed
without examination.
All bonds, notes, promi¬
ses and assumptions,
made for medical servi¬
ces to persons, not reg¬
ularly licensed^ shall be
void; and persons so
practising for reward
shall be liable toi>e in¬
dicted and fined not ex¬
ceeding $500 for the
first offence, and for the
second, imprisoned. No
Apothecary, unless he
be a licensed Physician,
may sell drugs or medi¬
cine without license.
Merchants, however,
may sell medicines al¬
ready prepared. Per¬
sons selling medicines
and Physicians practis¬
ing before the passing
the act, of coursew are
not affected by it. An
individual Member of
the. Board may license
applicants temporarily,
bat this license shall
continue in force only
till the next session of
the Board.
Medical Societies bad
been in existence in Sa¬
vannah and Augusta ma¬
ny years, but these
could prevent quackery
only within the cities.*
Medway, a settlement
in Liberty co. made by
emigrants from Dor¬
chester in S. Carolina,
in 1752. Their house
of worship is on the
stage road from SavanH
oah by Ogeechee bridge
to Darien. Their ce¬
metery is surrounded by
a substantial wall, orna¬
mented with beautiful
slabs of marble ; but ah!
it is nearly filled ! For
74 years death has made
this a garner and has
frequently found a rich,
harvest to bear to it,
MID
75
MIL
The brave Gen. Scriven
was killed in this settle¬
ment 24th Nov. 1778.
The British were com¬
manded by CoL Pro¬
vost. The inhabitants
of but few settlements
have done more accord¬
ing to their means, to
advance the happiness
of man.
Medway r. is rather
an arm of the Sea, com¬
municating with St.
Catharine's Sound, be¬
tween Bryan and Liber¬
ty counties. Its whole
length is not more than
20 miles. Sunbury is
on the S. side of it.
Mercer's c. forms the
boundary between Lau¬
rens and Montgomery
for several miles, and
falls into the Oco¬
nee.
Middle c. a tributary
of the Ogeechee in Ta¬
liaferro.
Mill c. rises in War¬
ren and falls into Briar
c. in Burke, below the
Chickasaw ford.
Mill c. a small branch
of Commissioners c. in
Wilkinson.
Mill c. falls into tho
Savannah in Lincoln.
Mill c. flows into the
Oconee in Montgomery
below Stalling's Bluff.
Mill run a tributary
of Palmetto in Laurens,
Milledgeville, p. t.
and cap. Baldwin co.
and tbe metropolis of
the State, is on the W.
hank of the Oconee,
190 by land and* 400
by water, above Darien,
71 by land S. Athens
on the same r. in L. 33°
6'Long. 6° 19' 87 W-S.
W. Augusta, 675 Wash¬
ington City. The public
buildings are an elegant
State House, in which
are large rooms for both
* This is taken from an intelligent Gentleman of
JMilledgeville, who has repeatedly been from one place
to the other both by land and water; but I think it is
■Coo 2Feat.
MIL
76
MIN
houses of the General
Assembly, for the Exe¬
cutive Office, and other
Offices of Government,
a State Arsenal, Acade¬
my C. H. Jail, Peniten¬
tiary, 4 Printing Offices
and houses of worship
for the Methodists, Bap¬
tists, and Presbyterians.
The river here is 552
feel a ide 6 feet deep &
navigable for boats of
70 tons burthen. Above
the town are rapids so
that boats at present
ascend no further.
About 8000 bags of cot¬
ton are annually deposi¬
ted here for the Darien
and Savannah markets,
besides thousands that
are carried from the
country contiguous to
the river below. The
population of Milledge-
ville has not increased
for several years. It
may be stated now at
2000 and the number of
dwelling houses at 160.
This place is within 14
m. of the centre of the
State. The cost of the
State House was over
$100,000 and is now or¬
namented with portraits
of Washington, Jeffer¬
son, Oglethorpe, Frank¬
lin and Lafayette, from
the pencil of Mr. Par¬
ker. A branch of the
State Bank and also of
the Darien Bank is lo¬
cated here. Four week¬
ly papers are sent
abroad into every sec¬
tion of the State.
Miller's Bend in the
Chattahoochee is just
below Lat. 339 N.
Millegan's Is. is in
Bryan co. 7 miles N.
E. Sunbury and separa¬
ted from Ossabaw Is. by
an arm of the Atlantic.
Mill stone c. falls into,
the Broad r. in Ogle¬
thorpe above Webb's
ferry.
Mineral Springs.
There are but two of
this kind that are much
celebrated for their
healing virtues.
The Indian Springs in
Butts couDiy, 10 miles
W. of the Ocmulgee in
MIN
77
MIN
the fork of two creeks.
The chief ingredient in
the waters, is sulphur,
though they contain ma¬
ny others, and are con¬
sidered infallible in the
most obstinate cases of
rheumatism. They are
said also to be a reme¬
dy for the gravel ; they
cure all cutaneous dis¬
orders and are effica¬
cious in removing the
effects of a too liberal
Use of calomel. This
is at present the most
fashionable watering
place in the state. Frorr.
600 to 800 are frequent¬
ly here at a time.
There is a large public
Hotel capable of accom
modating 100 persons,
besides 30 or 40 cabins,
which are comfortable
buildings and rented
every year to one or
more families. The
treaty by which the late
purchase was acquired,
was concluded at this
place.
Madison Springs in
Madison county, are 23
G*
m. N. W. Athens ; 7
N. W. Danielsville.
The waters are strong¬
ly impregnated with
iron and are effectual in
the cure of rheumatism
and cutaneous disor¬
ders. This has been a
fashionable resort, but
is not at present so
much frequented as the
Indian Springs. Here
is a spacious Hotel ca¬
pable of affoiding ac¬
commodation to 150 or
200 persons. Several
lots have been purchas¬
ed of the proprietor
and comfortable houses
erected on them for a
summer residence. A
«chool is kept here dur¬
ing the summer season.
People in sparch of
health can find no purer
water nor healthier cli¬
mate than are found in
this section. The soil
is very poor around the
Springs.
Franklin Springs are
8 miles north of the
above, in Franklin co.
and the quality of the
MON 78 MOR
water is quite similar.
Here are several cab¬
ins, and many persons
resort here to spend the
sultry season.
In the neighbourhood
of Athens are several
springs highly impreg¬
nated with iron, so much
so as to render the wa¬
ter quite unpalatable.
In Wilkes is also a
spring, which formerly
was a place of consider¬
able resort.
Cobb's mineral spring
in Jefferson has been
visited by many.
In Greene are sever¬
al springs, having much
chalybeate in their wa¬
ters.
The water of one of
the public wells in
Greenesboro, contains
9j grains of iron to the
pint ; and also sulphur¬
ated hydrogen and car¬
bonic arid.
In Wayne cn. are al¬
so mineral springs.
Monroe County is
bounded N. by Butts ;
E. by the Ocmulgee ;
S. E. by Bibb ; S. by
Crawford ; and W. by
Upson and Pike. Pop.
9284. Forsythe is the
capital.
Monroe p. t. and cap.
Walton co. is 65 N. W.
M. ; 20 N. E. Coving¬
ton ; 25 W. S. W. A-
thens ; 3] miles east of.
the Alcovee, & contains*'
41 honses, C. H. jail,
and academy, and 11
stores, offices and shops.
Montgomery County
is cut in twain by the
Oconee river ; Laurens
lies on the N. W. ; Ef-'
fingham on the N. E. *
Tatnall on the S. E. ;
Appling on the S. ; Tel¬
fair on the S. W. Pop;
161(8. Vernon U the
capital.
Moore's c. in Effing¬
ham, falls into the Sa¬
vannah at the corner of
Chatham.
Morea c. Big and Lit¬
tle, are tributaries of
Beaverda n c. in Elbert.
Morgan County is
bounded on N. E. by
Clarke ; E. by Greene ;
MOU
79
MUR
S. by Putnam ; W. by
Jasper, and N. W. by
Walton. The Appala-
chee runs between it
and Clarke, and the
Oconee between it and
Greene. Pop. 13,869.
Madison is the capital.
Mountain c. in Hab¬
ersham, is one of the
roost northerly branch¬
es of Broad river.
Mountains—see Alleg¬
hany, Currahee & Rock
Mountain.
Mount Enon v. in
Richmond, 14 S. W.
Augusta, near Bath.—
This was once a consid¬
erable village, having a:
flourishing academy and
a house of worship, bui
now has only 7 houses,
and these occupied as
a summer retreat.
Mount Hope r. the
N. fork of Medway r.
forms the boundary for
several miles between
Bryan and Liberty.
Mount Nebo is a con¬
siderable elevation in
Baldwin, 8 miles N. E.
Milledgeville.
Mount Zion p. v. in
Hancock, 26 N. E. M. ;
6 N. Sparta ; 10 W.
Powelton; contains male
and female academies,
house of worship, and
15 dwelling houses.
The academies were
first erected, and the
inhabitants crowded a-
round them to enjoy
the literary advantages
which they proffered to
their children. The
schools have sustained
a high reputation. A
weekly paper, of a re¬
ligious character, has
been issued 5 or 6 years
from the Mount Ziott
press-
Muddy c. a branch of
Gum Swamp, in Pulas¬
ki.
Mulberry r. a fork of
the Oconee, which
unites with the Middle
Fork, in Jackson.
Murder c. rises in the
N. W. part of Jasper,
runs S. E. in Little r.
on the boundary between
Putnam and Baldwin.
It is 60 feet wide, and
NEW
80
NEW
gives motion to many
mills.
Muscogee County is
bounded N. by Troup ;
jE. by Crawford and
Houston ; S. by Lee.
& W. by the Chattahoo
cheer. Fort Mitchell is
opposite the S. W. cor-j
ner of this county. \
Musqueto c. falls into
Blue c. in Laurens, just
before its entrance into
Palmetto creek.
Musqueto c. runs W.
into the Ocmulgee, in
Pulaski, 12 miles below
Hartford.
Nail's,c. (upper) fa'.Is
into Little's c. in Frank¬
lin.
Nail's c. (lower) u-
nites with Little's c. S.
of the other one.
Newford c. rises in
Wilkes, and runs E.
through the N. part of
Lincoln into the Savan¬
nah r. below Lisbon.
Newberry c. falls into
the Savannah in Burke,
below Shell Bluff.
Newhope c- flows into
the . Altamaha Sound,
opposite Broughton's Is.
in Glynn co.
Newhope a settle
ment, in the forks of the
Appalachee and Oco-i
nee, in Greene, co.~,
Here is an academy,
house of worship, and
a post office, called Sha¬
dy Grove, 12 N. W.
Greenesboro.
Newport r. (north)
is not. more, than 25„m>
long, yet it is navigable
for sloops to Riceboro,
near its origin. ,/
Newport r. (south)'
is the natural boundary
for a few miles between
Liberty and M'lntosh.
Both these rivers flow
into St. Catharine's
Sound, in Liberty.
Newton County is
bounded N. and E. by
Walton ; S. by Butts ;
OGH
SI
OCM
W. by Dekalb. Pop.
7471- Covington is the
capital.
Newtown p. v. and
seat of government in
the Cherokee nation, if
situated on the E. bank
of the Oostenaula, at
the confluence of the
Connesauga and Coose-
wattee.
NevWs c* is in the N.
part of Bullock, and falls
into the Ogeechee.
Nickojack c. in its sub¬
terraneous passage, may
be in this state ; but its
mouth and the curious
cave whence it issues,
and the old Indian town
there, are north of the
35u, and therefore not
in Gaorgia.
Nobusiness c. rises in
Gwinnett, and falls into
the Yellow r. in Dekalb.
North Fork r the chief
branch of the Oconee,
on which Athens iVsitu-
ated. The two other
forks are Middle and
Mulberry, which meet
in Jackson, and after¬
wards flow into the N.
fork between Athens
and Watkinsville.
North r. a short stream
which falls into the St*
Mary's r. just below the
town of St* Mary's.
Ochgn-cool-gum, or
Gum c- falls into the
Ocmulgee below Fort
Hawkins-
Och-loch-onnee r. rises
in the N. part of Irwin
co. passes S. through
Lowndes and Thomas
counties, and Florida,
into the Bay E. of Ap-
palachicola. It is 50
yards wide and 150 m.
long.
Ocmulgee r. one prin¬
cipal branch of the Ala-
tarnaha, rises in Walton,
Gwinnett and Dekalb
counties, about 34° N.
latitude. Above Macon
50 miles, the Alcovee,
Yellow and South Fork,
unite and form the Oc-
"©CO
82
oco
tnulgee, which here be-
comes a large river,
navigable for boats of
30 tons Up to Macon
70 tons are brought.
The course of the river
is south for 150 miles,
when it bends nearly
into a semicircle around
Telfair county, and re¬
ceives the Oconee justi
below the 32° N. lat.
long. 5° 56'. This
stream is said to be more
free from obstructions
than the Oconee.
Ocmulgee r. (little) a:
tributary of the above,
rises in Twigs, run«
through the eastern part
of Pulaski, serves as a
boundary between Tel¬
fair and Montgomery,
and flows into the large
one 10 miles above its
confluence with the O-
conee*
Oconee r. rises N. E.
of the Ocmulgee, in the
mountainous country
which separates the wa¬
ters flowing into the
Atlantic from those that
flow into the Gulph of
Mexico. Two consid¬
erable streams, the head
waters of the river, the
'North & Middle Forks,
unite below Athens, and
the Appalachee from
the S. W. falls in oppo-j
site Greenesboro, 35"'
miles further south. In
removing obstructions
from the river in 1820,
a large keel boat, 60
feet long, ascended to
Barnet's ShoaTs, near
YVatkinsviile ; but no
produce has been float¬
ed on it above Milledge^
ville. To this town1
they bring 70 tons. The
general course of the
river is S. S. E. till it
unites with the Ocmul¬
gee 280* m. below Mil-
ledge ville, and here
they both lose theii
names in the Alatama-
* On the map it would seem to be about 129 miles $
but a gentleman who has sailed on its surface each
way, thinks it 280.
OGE
83
ogE
ha. A canal fro®
Athens to Little river
40 miles distant, might
he fed by the Oconee
and small streams inter¬
vening, and thence to
Augusta 40 miles fur¬
ther, a ton of produce
can be floated on a ca¬
nal for one cent a mile.
Eighty cents would car¬
ry a ton from Athens to
Augusta. Now it costs
by waggons $20 and
frequently $30 and 40!
Fifty or sixty thousand
bags would be carried
on such a canal every
year. Were the peo¬
ple who feel interested
in such a project, to'
take bold of it, they
would soon accomplish
it.
Ogeechee r. rises in
Greene, 7 m. N. W.
Greenesboro, separates
Warren from Hancock
and a part of Washing¬
ton, passes through Jef¬
ferson, separates Burke
and Emanuel; Scriven
and Effingham from Bul¬
lock, and also Chathanr
from Bryan, and dis
charges its waters into
Ossabaw Sound 17 miles
south of the Savannah.
It is more than 200 m.
long and navigable to
Louisville, for boats of
30 tons burthen. Sloops
ascend 30 or 40 miles.
The canal from the Ala-
tamahato Savannah pas¬
ses this river near Fort
Argyle, and wben com¬
pleted will much en¬
hance the value of lands
on the Ogeechee. Ten
thousand dollars have
been expended to clear
this r. of obstructions,
raised by private sub¬
scriptions.
Ogeechee r. (Little)
rises in Scriven and
falls into the large one
from the ,N. E. at the
S. W. corner of the
county.
Ogeechee r. (Little)
has its origin in Ham
cock and flows into the
large one from the S.
W. near the N. E. corr
ner of Washington.
OGE
84
©GE
Ogeechee r. (Little)
rises in EffiDgham, pas¬
ses through Chatham
into the Atlantic above
Racoon Key and 5 miles
N. of the large one.
The three little Ogee-
chees are mere crepks.
Ogeechee canal was
surveyed by Col. Clin¬
ton last winter for Mr.^
Jenks, who has since
disposed of bis interest
to a company and which
is incorporated under
the name of " the Sa¬
vannah, Ogeechee and
Alatamaha Canal Com¬
pany." It is to com¬
mence on the Altamaha
r. near Fort James, 50
miles above Darien, and
crossing the Canoochee
strikes the Ogeechee at
Fort Argyle. The dis¬
tance is 47 miles. From
the Ogeechee to Savan¬
nah its length is 16J m.
making in all a canal of
63^ miles. The esti¬
mated cost of the whole
is $600 000; but from
the contracts already
made concerning the N.
eastern section, and
which is now excavat¬
ing, and to be finished
during the next year, it
it will be completed for
$400,000! This caDal
will pour new life into
Savannah and will no
doubt greatly enlarge
its borders. It will
bear on its surface all
the produce which
floats down the Ogee¬
chee Oconee and Oc-
•nulgee, i. e. unless oth¬
er canals or rail roads
are constructed to di¬
vert it. Unless Augus¬
ta resorts to some gi¬
gantic project to con¬
duct the produce, so
long accustomed to cen¬
tre in her and which
has given her such life
and activity for 30
years ; the hum of her
thousand buyers and
geliers, will be in a
measure silent. The
completion of the pro¬
posed rail road from the
Flint river via Milledg-
ville to Augusta will
OKE $5 pes
preserve its wonted
prosperity.
Oglethorpe County was
named in honour of the
first Governor of the
State. Madison is on
the N. Elbert separated
by the Broad r. on the
N. E.; Wilkes on the
E.; Taliaferro on the
S. E. Greene on the S.
and Clarke on the west.
Pop* 13,808. Lexing¬
ton is the capital.
Ohoopee r. rises in
Washington, passes
through Emanuel and
falls into the Alatamaha
from the N. E. in Tat-
nall co. 32 miles above
Fort James. Its length
is about 120 miles. Na¬
vigable 40 miles near to
Jack's c- in Emanuel.
Ohoopee r. (Little)
falls into the other in
Emanuel co.
Oke-fino-kau Swamp
lies chiefly in Ware eo.
and is about 30 miles
long by 17 broad. The
St. Mary's r. issues out
of the eastern part of it.
The heffdr waters of the
H
Little St. Johns, one
branch of the Suwaney
pass through the wes¬
tern part- This swamp
was supposed to be
much larger ; but sev¬
eral districts have been
surveyed and laid off in¬
to lots in that part which
was heretofore consid¬
ered impassible.
Oke-fino-kau Swamp
(Little) lies N, E. of
the other in Ware and
Camden counties.
Oke-walkee c. rises
in Laurens, and falls into
the Oconee in Mont¬
gomery opposite Mill c.
Olico c. || in Upson
and falls into the Flint
river.
Onslow Is. is in the
Savannah r. at the N.
E. corner of Chatham.
Qostenaula r. is formed
by the union of the Con-
nesauga and Coosawat-
tee in the Cherokee na¬
tion. The Etowah unites
with it 30 m. below the
union of the Connesau-
ga and Coosawattee and
here it takes the name
PEA
PET
of Coosa. Newtown is
on this river just at the
confluence.
Ossabaw Is. is 10 m.
long and 8 broad in Bry-
Palmetto c. rises in
Twigs and Wilkinson
and falls into the Oco¬
nee . 12 miles below
Dublin, in Laurens. It
has many tributaries.
Palmetto c. the south¬
ern fork of the above.
They unite 10 miles be¬
fore rheir entrance into
the Oconee.
Panther *c. falls into
the Tugalo above Mul¬
len's ford.
Panther c. Hnites with
Cedar c. in Baldwin
near its entrance into
Little river.
Parker's c- flows into
the Oconee in Jackson.
Patterson's Is. is a
small spot of land iD
M'Intosh below Crey-
ton's Island.
Pearson's c. io Ha-
fcersham, loses its name
an co. immediately S.
of Ossabaw Sound,
which is the mouth of
the Ogeechee.
in Grove Fork, a head
nranch of Broad river.
Pendleton's c. a tribu¬
tary of the Ohoopee in¬
to which it flows above
Tatnall C. H. Its rise
is in Laurens and it
separates Montgomery
from Emanuel.
Perry p-t- and cap.
Houston county, is 65
S. W. M. 30 S. W. Ma¬
con ; 20 W. N. W.Hart¬
ford. It contains C. H.
Jail, Academy andabout
50 houses and stores.
Petersburgh p. v. at
the confluence of the
Savannah and Broad
rivers io Elbert co.
75 N. E. M. just below
he 34° N. L. 56 N. N,
W. Augusta. This was
once a large and flour¬
ishing village and the
great depot for the To-
PIP 8? POT
bacco raised in the coun¬
try North, and thence <
floated to Augusta. Lis -
bon across Broad r- in
Lincoln and Vienna in
S. Carolina, soon sprung
into existence underthe
same expectations that i
created Petersburg; but i
the culture of tobacco i
having yielded to that
of cotton, which is
thrown upon Boats all
along the river without
being inspected, these
little towns have dwin¬
dled almost to nothing.
Vienna seems to have
more life than the oth¬
ers.
Pike County is bound¬
ed N. by Fayette and
Henry ; E. by Monroe ;
S. by Upson and W. by
Flint river. Pop. 3823,
Zebulun is the capital.
Pinderton formerly an
Indian town in S. part
of Dooly on the Flint
river. The settlers
have now erected sev
eral buildings and have
a Post Office.
Pipe Maker's c. falls
into the Savannah in
Chatham at the S. part
of Argyle Island,
Pistol c. unites with
New tordc.below Lisbon;
Plantation c. forms an
Island of the point of
land between St. Si¬
mon's Sound and Turtle
river, by uniting the
one with the other, be¬
low Brunswick.
Pocahontas c rises in
Jones and runs E. iuto
Cedar c. in Baldwin.
Polloy bridge c. in
Morgan a tributary of
the head waters of Lit¬
tle r.
Porter's c falls into
the Oconee above Wat-
kinsville.
Potatoe c. rises in
Jones, runs parallel with
Pocahontas c. and falls
into Cedar c. below it.
Potatoe c. has its ori¬
gin in Pike, and passes
: S. through Upson into
i the Flint river.
Potatoe c. (Little)
s falls into the Fhnt r.
near the S. E. corner
i of Upson.
POW
88
Powderbag c. flows in¬
to the Savannah near the
N". E. corner of Elbert.
Powell's c. unites with
the Ogeechee" in the N.
E. part of Hancock.
Powelton p. v. on the
above creek in Han¬
cock, 3 tnijes W. from
the Ogeechee 36 N. W.
M. on the stage road
(though not the direct
route) from Millegeville
to Augusta 56 W.N. W.
from the latter place.
Powelton contains a
Male and Female Aca¬
demy, and houses of
worship for the Baptists
and Methodists, and 26
dwelling houses. To
the Academies are at¬
tached a Library and
now h new Chemical
Apparatus.* The Aca¬
demies were the attrac-
tives which drew the
people around them that
their children might
enjoy the advantages r-fj
education. A great
number of pupils have
gone forth from these
schools. A celebrated
Rector is expected for
the ensuing year:
Pratt's c. flows into
the Ocmulgee in Joneg
below Butler's creek-
Pugh's c. runs %intO
the Oconee in Laurens
nearly opposite the
mouth of Palmetto.
Pulaski County is
bounded on the W. by
Twig9 and a corner of
Wilkinson ; on the E.
by Laurens ; S. by Tel¬
fair and W* by the Oc-<
molgee which separates,
it from Dooly and Hous-
ton. Pop. 4211. Hart¬
ford is the capital.
Put-lau-ta c. is 150
feet wide at its mouth,
rising in the late pur-,
chase and falling into;*
the Chattahoochee 10'
oiiles above the N. line
of Early county.
Putnam County has
Morgan on the north
Greene and Hancock on
the E from which it is
separated by the Oqo-
nee ; parts of Baldwin
and Jones on the S.:
Jasper on the W. Pop.
15,673. Eatonion is
the capital-
BAB 39 KAY
Quaker Springs, e
small cluster of houses
on the Augusta 4* Wash¬
ington rdhd, 7 m. fron)
Augusta. Here a set¬
Rabun County forms
the N. E. corner of the
state. North Carolina is
on the N.; the Chatuga,
the eastern head stream
of the Tugalo, is on the
N. E. separating it from
South Carolina ; Hab¬
ersham is on the S. and
W. separated by the
Terrora river, and the
N. W. corner is bound¬
ed by lands of the Che-
rokees. This county
has been settled but 3
or 4 years, yet it has 2
academies ! One at the
C. H. and one called
Virgil Hall Academy.
We hope this praise
worthy spirit ofcotnpe-
tition willibe infused in¬
to the inhabitants of the
II*
tlement was made in
1750, by some Qua¬
kers, but. who were soon
compelled to fly for fear
[of the Cherokees.
up country, and that
they will afford to every
neighbourhood the faci¬
lities to obtain educa¬
tion. Pop. 1126. Glay-
tonsville is the capital.
Racoon Is. is in the
Alatamaha Sound, near
the Bar, and belongs to
M'lntosh.
Rae'sc. rises near the
Quaker Springs, in Co¬
lumbia, and runs E. into
the Savannah above Au¬
gusta.
Rail Road. See Ta¬
ble in Appendix.
Raysville, an inconsi¬
derable village on both
9ides of Little river,
part in Columbia, and
parts in Lincoln and
Wilkes. Here are mills,
REE
90
ROC
and the river is crossed
on atoll bridge.
Raytown, a small clus
ter of houses in Warren,
between Wrightsboro &
Crawfordville. A house
of worship for. the Ro¬
man Catholics is near
this.
Raven c. a branch of
Wise's c. in Jasper.
Red's c. falls into the
Savannah in Columbia.
Red Bird c. flows in¬
to the Ohoopee, in Tat-
nall, below the Court
House.
Red Bluff c. runs into
the Oconee, in the N.
part of Montgomery.
Red Lickc. is a branch
ofClaybankc. in War¬
ren, and a tributary of
the Ogeechee.
Reed's c. fall? into the
Tugalo above Hatton's
ford, in Franklin.
Reedy c. flows into
the Oconee, in the S.
part of Baldwin.
Reedy c. rises in War¬
ren, and flows into Bri¬
ar c. in Jefferson, above
the corner of Rich
rnond.
Riceborough p. t. and
cap. Liberty co. on the
Newport river, 190 S.v
E. M. ; 312 s. S. W.
Savannah; 284 N. Da-
rien. It contains C. H.
jail, and 13 dwelling
houses and stores ; 30
whites & several blacks.
Sloops come up to the
town, 20 miles from the
Ocean, by the river.
Richland c. rises a-
bove Greenesboro, pur¬
sues aserpentine course
generally S. W. into the
Oconee, in the S. W.
corner of Greeue co.
Richmond County is
bounded on the N. W.
by Columbia ; N. E.
by the Savannah r. ;*
S. by Burke, from which
it is separated several
miles by M'Bean's c. ;
W. by Jefferson, parted
by Briar c. Pop. 9204.
Augusta is the capital.
Robinson's c. falls in¬
to the Appalachee in
Clarke, just below the
High Shoals.
Rockycomfart c. rises
W. of Warrenton, runs
S, into the Ogeechee
Hoc 91 it os
just below Louisville.
Shellman's mills, oo it,
near the town, do a
great deal of business.
Rock c. flows in the
Oconee, in Baldwin.
Rocky c. is a tributa¬
ry of Buckbead, in
Burke.
Rocky c. runs N. E.
into Briar c. in Burke.
Rocky c. falls into the
Oconee, in Laurens.
Rocky c. flows into
the Ocmulgee, between
Macon and the mouth of
Tobesaufska, in Bibb.
Rocky c. in the N. E,
part of Franklin, flows
into the Tugalo.
Rocky c. in Jasper,
falls into the Alcovee
before its confluence
with the other two
branches of the Ocmul
gee.
Rocky c. a tributary
ofLittle r. in Wilkes-
Rocky c. has its ori¬
gin in Burke, and flows
into the Savannah, in
Sc riven.
Rocky c. flows into
the Savannah, in Rich¬
mond, opposite Beach
Island.
Rocky c. falls into the
Oconee, in Putnam, just
above the mouth of Lit
tie river.
Rocky c. a branch of
Cedar c. in S. W. part-
of Putnam, into which
it falls in Jones.
Rocky c. a tributary
of the Ogeechee, in Ta¬
liaferro;
Rock Mt. a high soli¬
tary peak in Dekalb co.
in L. 33° 50', 7 mile9 E.
of the Chattahoochee r.
It is 2226 feet above the
creek that winds around
its base, and about 7 m.
in circumference. The
ascent on the west side
is easy, but the north
side is nearly perpen¬
dicular. It is composed
of solid rock, and the
top is bald. A few ce¬
dars cling to the rocks,
and the ruins of an old
breast-work are founfl
on the summit.
Rose c. is in Clarke
co. runs S. into the O-
copee at Ligou's bridge*
9ai y
Its mouth is the point
of demarkation between
Greene and Clarke
counties, whence the
line runs W. 62° ; S.
to Walker's ford, on the
Appaiachee.
Rose c. flows into the
St. Ilia, in Camden.
Rossville p. v. and
Missionary station in the
Cherokee nation, 250
m. N. W. M.
I 5AI
Ruckerstille p. v. in
Elbert co. on Van's c*.
7 m. E. Elberton, con-
tains 10 bouses. 6 stores
and shops, a house of
worship for the Bap¬
tists, and an academy.
Rum c. a small branch
in Monroe co.
Rutherford's Is. in the
Oconee, below Mil*
ledgeville, in Baldwin.^
S.
Saint Andrew's Sound
is between Cumberland
and Jekyll Islands, and
through which the St.
Ilia discharges its waters
into the Ocean.
Saint Catharine's Is.
lies between the Sound
of the same name and
Sapello Sound. It is
ten miles long and Ave
broad, and is a part of
Liberty co.
Saint Ilia* r. has its
rise in Appling, runs
E. ; thence S. ; thence
E. again into St. An¬
drew's Sound, in Cam¬
den. Its whole length
is 153 miles, and it is
navigable for sloops to
Burnt Fort, in the west
part of Camden, 48 m.
from the Ocean, and for
boats to Ellabkaw in Ap¬
pling, 60 miles further-
* I write this St. Ilia instead of Satilla, because
the name was given by the Spanish, who deal much
in saint? and relics.
£T && ST
St. Ilia r- (little) ris¬
es in Appling and Irwin,
and unites with the oth¬
er in S. part of Wayne-
The little one is longer
and larger than the one
Teputed Great St. Ilia-
Si. Ilia r- rises in
Wayne, serves as a
bonndarybetweenGlynn
and Camden, and falls
into Jekyll Sound, 6 m.
S- of Turtle river.
St- John's r. the east¬
ern branch of the Su-i
waney.
St. Mark's r- has its
origin in Thomas and
Lowndes, runs S. thro'
Florida into Appalachi-
cola Bay, east of Och-
loch-onnee river-
St• Mary's r- serving
as a natural boundary
between Georgia and
Florida, issues from the
S E» part of the Oki-
feno-kaw Swamp. It is
a crooked stream, run¬
ning S- 16 miles, thence
E. 8 m.; thence N. 30
m.; thence E. again 35
miles, into Cumberland
Sound, Its whole length
is 90 miles, and it is na¬
vigable for sloops about
3u, and for boats of 30
tons, 60 miles* A small
boat on an exploring
expedition, has ascend¬
ed to the edge of the
swamp, but could pro¬
ceed no further. Com¬
missioners Encampment
is on the point of land
embraced by the most
southerly bend.
S(• Mary's p. t. and
port of entry ib Cam¬
den co. on the N- side
of St. Mary's river, 7
miles from its mouth,
lat. SO* 50', long- 4Q
51'. The harbour is
safe, and vessels of hea*
vy burthen come up
to the wharves. The
country W- of it is just
begun to be settled,
and but little produce is
sent here for market or
exportation- Pop. 40§
whites and 200 blacks.
This is the most south¬
erly town in the state.
It contains a Presbyte¬
rian M. H. and an acad¬
emy. The number of
«an 5
dwellinghouses are not
ascertained
St. Saville, an incon¬
siderable village on the
S. W, bank of the Ala-
tamaha, in Wayne ccr.
St. Simon's Is. is be¬
tween Alatamaha and
St. Simon's Sound, sep
orated from the main
land by Macoy's river.
It is a part of Glynn co.
14 m. long and 7 broad ;
produces like the rest
of the Islands on the
coast, most of the trop¬
ical fruits, oranges, po¬
megranates, olives, &c
and^cotton of the finest
and longest staple. A
light house is on the S.
end of the Island, to di¬
rect vessels entering
through St. Simon's
Sound into Turtle riv¬
er- Pop. 600
St. Simon's Is. (Lit¬
tle) N of the above.
Salem, p. v, in the S.
W. corner of Clarke co-
6 miles W. S. W. Scull
Shoals, and 3 E. of
Floyd's bridge, on the
Appalachee, 10 S. S.W.
14 SAN
Watkinsville. It con*
tains 21 houses,2 stores,
3 offices, 7 shops, a male
and female academy,
and a Methodist M. H.
The schools have been
kept in constant ope¬
ration for several years.
Indeed they may be said
to have created the vil¬
lage. Ad extensive tan¬
nery is established here,
which supplies a large
section of country with
leather.
Salem, a small cluster
of houses and a store,
in Baldwin, 4 miles E.
Milledgeville.
Sandersville p. t. and
cap. Washington co. 28
S. E. M. ; 26 W. Lou¬
isville, contains C. H;
jail, academy, and 2Q
houses and 7 stores.
Sandhill c. flows into
Baffalae c. in Washing¬
ton, below Lamar's c
Sandhills v. a large
village io Richmond co.
3 miles W. of Augusta*
*auilt chiefly for a sum¬
mer residence, though
many of the inhabitants
SAN 95 SAR
reside here the whole
year. It is on a high
sandy hiil, the water
pure, climate healthy
and contains about 60
dwelling houses. A
branch of the Richmond
Academy is located at
this place. Two miles
further west is an ex¬
tensive quarry of white
marble. Tons of it are
polished and disposed
of every month. This
spot is considered to be
no more subject to au¬
tumnal fevers than the
Up country.
Sandy c. has its rise
in Oglethorpe and falls
into the Oconee 1 mile
below Rose creek is
Greene.
Sandy c. (Big) forms
the boundary for ten m.
between Jackson and
Madison counties, and
Sows into the Oconee
above the north bridge
at Athens.
Sandy c- (Little) is a
branch of the above,
and falls into it in
€larke.
Sandy c. (Little) falls
into Hardlabour c. in
Morgan.
- Sandy c. flows into
the Ocmulgee in Butts
co. The Indian Springs
are in the fork formed
by the one above and
another by the same
name uniting with it.
Sandy c. rises in Jones,
passes through apart of
Twigs into Wilkinson,
where it unites with
Cedar c. and these form
Big Sandy c.
Sandy run passes thro'
tha W. part of Rich¬
mond and falls into Bri¬
ar c. in Jefferson above
Chickasaw Ford.
Sapello Is. i9 South of
Sapello Sound and N.
of Doby Inlet & Sound.
The finest olives were
raised on it the present
year. It belongs to
M'Intosh co. is 11m.
long and 5 broad, con¬
taining 400 inhabitants.
Sartin's c. falls into
the Savannah near the
S. E. corner of C6lum-
bia-
sav 96 saV
Savage c- rises near
Marion and flows S. W.
into the Ocmulgee in
Twigs co.
Savannah r. forms the
N. E. boundary of the
state separating it from
S. Carolina. The head
streams are the Chatu-
ga from the N. E. and
the Terrora from the
"N. W. which unite and
form the Tugalo. This
is joined 55 m. S. E. by
the Kiowee from South
Carolina, near the S. E.
corner of Franklin and
here the united streams
take the name of Sa¬
vannah 100 tn. by the
course of the river
above Augusta. The
largest vessels come up
to Five fathom hole with¬
in 3 miles of the city of
Savannah, 18 m. from
the Ocean ; large Brigs
sail to the wharves;
steam boats of 150 tons
burthen ascend to Au¬
gusta 127 m. by land
and said to be 34® by
water; pole boats, leav¬
ing Augusta go up 100
m. to the junction of the
Kiowee and Tugalo and
passing the mouth of the
former river, make their
way up the Tugalo to
Mullen's Ford near the
mouth ofToccoac. 150
m. by water 125 by land
above Augusta. So that
the Savannah is naviga-
ble 490 miles. Boats
on the Tugalo carry
from 30 to 60 bags of
cotton & return with 8
to 10 tons merchandise.
Tides flow up but 25 m;
and the water is fresh
even at Ave fathom
This is a great conve¬
nience to vessels taking
in water for a voyage.
Millions are floated on
the surface of this river
every year and at some
seasons every month.
This river is 250
yards wide and 8 feet
deep on the section be¬
tween Petersburgb and
the junction of the Tu¬
galo with the Kiokwee*
Were it not for the fre:
quent rapids, steam
boats might .ascend
SAV
97
SAV
this junction. It would
seem that a little canal-
ling and a few locks
would render it so navi¬
gable that 50 or 100
tons might be floated on
it at a time.
Savannah City and
port of entry in Chat¬
ham co. is the largest
town in the State. It
is on a sandy bluff 40
feet above the surface
of the Savannah river,
on theS. bank of which
it is situated, and was
laid out in 1733 by Gen.
Oglethorpe. It con¬
tains 10 houses of pub¬
lic worship viz. 2 for
Presbyterians (one is
unoccupied at present,)
1 each for Episcopalians
Methodists, Baptists,
Lutherans, Romao Ca¬
tholics, Jews and two
for Africans, one of
which has more than
2000 church members
attached to the congre¬
gation. The other pub¬
lic buildings are an Ex¬
change, C. H. Jail, Poor
HoXise, Hospital, Thea-
I
tre, an Academy 180 by
60 feet, two Banks and a
branch of the U. States
Bank. The new Pres¬
byterian house of wor¬
ship is one of the most
elegant in the United
States.
The town is regular¬
ly laid out, the streets
wide and ornamented
with the China tree
which affords a refresh¬
ing shade in the sultry
months.
The chief part of the
exports and imports for
the state are landed in
this place. The amount
of exports in 9 months
of 1817 was computed
at $9,966,503. From
30th Sept. 1824 to 30th
Sept. 1825, were ex¬
ported 137,695 bags
cotton ; 7,235 tierces of
Rice; and 14 hogsheads
Tobacco. From 30th
Sept. 1825 to 30th Sept.
1826, 190,578 bags cot¬
ton; 11,455 tierces
Rice; 170 hogsheads
Tobacco- The value
of these items of export
•IV
98
SAV
of 1825 at the present
low prices is $6,800,-
©00. Other articles
were exported to coo
siderable amount. About
9 cents was the aver
age price for cotton
when the estimate of
#6.800,000 was made;
bat put it at 15 cents,
the ordinary price and
other articles accord¬
ingly and we have more
than #11,000,000.—
Since a Safe inland pas
sage has been discover¬
ed via Beaufort to
Charleston, some part
of the exports from Au¬
gusta has passed by Sa¬
vannah to Charleston.
In Jan. 1820 this
town was burned, but it
has risen from its ashes
in new splendour and
beauty. The buildings
are now more elegant
and of more durable ma¬
terials than those that
were drowned in the
fiery ocean. Two week¬
ly papers are sent forth
from the Savannah
press. Population i6
about 7000. Savannah
is in L. 32° 6' Long. 4^
14'.
In 1779 a Serjeant
and corporal of the
British army with eight
soldiers were conduct¬
ing some American pri¬
soners from Ebenezer
to Savannah. They
halted two miles from
this place at a spring
near the Augusta road
to slake their thirst,
having stacked their
arms against a tree.
Sergeaot Jasper ancl his
companion Newton,
rushed from their place
of concealment, seized
two of the muskets, shot
the centinels, captured
the others and liberated
the prisoners.
Col. Campbell com¬
manded the British
when this place was ta¬
ken on the 29th Dec.
1778. Gen. Howe the
American commander
was compelled to re¬
treat with considerable
loss.
scu
99
SEE.
Scottsborough v. of a
dozen houses in Bald
win 3J S. Milledgeville.
is occupied as a sum
mer residence, atid al¬
so by permanent set¬
tlers. The water is
good and situation plea¬
sant and healthy.
Scriven County is boun¬
ded N. W. by Burke ;
N. E. by tbe Savannah ;
S. E. by Effingham ; S.
W. by the Ogeechee
which parts it from Bul¬
lock and a corner of
Emanuel. Pop. 4457.
Jacksonborough is the
capital.
Scuffle c. is a branch
of Savage c. in Twigs.
Scull's c. forms the
boundary between Bui
lock and Emanuel for
several miles and falls
into the Ogeechee.
Scull shoal c. flows
into Broad r. on the
western side of Madison
county.
Scull shoals a well
known Ferry'on the
Oconee in the upper
part of Greene co. The
western bank of the riv<
er is in Clarke at this
place ; but tbe road has
been recently changed
and the river is now
crossed on Ligon's
bridge one mile below.
Here is a Pest Office,
Mills, store and Black¬
smith's shop, 14 miles
N. Greenesboro, 12 S*
Watkinsville.
Seven Islands are in
the Ocmulgee Lat. 32s
20'.
Seventeen mile c. is a
[tributary of the Greafi
St. Ilia in Appling.
Shallow ford a well
known place oi crossing
tbe Chattahoochee r.
on the boundary linei
between tbe Creeks and
Cherokees, L. SS-3 30'.
Shell Bliiffl is a shelly
elevation formed of sea-
shells 80 feet high on
the W. bonk of the Sa¬
vannah tn Burke. Here
goods are landed and
cotton taken on board
of boats.
SherrilVs c. is a tribu-
SEE 1<
tary of Little r. in Ta¬
liaferro.
Six mile c. a smal<
branch in Glynn, run¬
ning into the Alatamaha*
Sixteen mile c. a tri¬
butary of the Canoo-
chee in Emanuel co.
ShefftaWs Is. is S, of
Darien in the Alatama-
ha.
Shell stone c. in T wigs
county.
Shiver's c. runs E.
into the Savannah in
Lincoln.
Shoal c. is a branch
of Cedar c., in Jones.
Shoal c. falls into the
Oconee in the S. E.
part of Clarke.
Shoal c. flows into
Broad r. in Elbert.
Shoal c. runs E. into
the Tugaloin Franklin.
Shoal c. a tributary of
Murder c. in Jasper.
Shoal c. a branch of
Honeycutt's c. in Mor-
gan.
Skedaway Is. is in
Chatham, separated by
creeks from the main
land.
HI sou
Shoulderhone c. has
several tributaries and
falls into the Oconee in
Hancock. It rises in
Greene and is 60 feet
wide at its moutb.
Shrimp's c. rises near
Springfield in Effing¬
ham, and runs S. W. in¬
to the Ogeechee.
Soap c. one branch
of this creek rises at the
foot of Graves' Mt. and
another in Wilkes. It
flows into the Savannah
in Lincoln.
Sookee r. is the east
bead branch of the
Chattahoochee. It ri¬
ses in Habersham and
forms a union with the
Chota in the S. part of
• he county and here the
name Chattahoochee is
assumed.
Southampton c. is one
channel of Dover c. in
Camden county.
South fork r. the S,
W. branch of the Oc-
mulgee. (See Alcovee.)
South fork, a consid¬
erable branch of Broad
r. with which it unites
3PR 101 SUM
in S. E. corner of Madi-j
sod county.
South fork of the i
Ogeechee rises 7 tniles
from Greenesboro.
Spanish c. issues from
the little Oke-fino-kau
Swamp, runs S. thence
E. into the St. Marys
river above Coierain.
.Spirit c. rises in Rich¬
mond and run9 E.into
the Savannah.
Spring c. is in Craw¬
ford co. and flows into
the Flint r. below Fort
Lawrence.
Springe, falls into the
Oconee in Washington
4 m. below the Baldwin
line.
Spring c. falls into
the Ogeechee from the
east below Louisville in
Jefferson.
Springfield p. t. and
cap. Effingham co. is
140 S. E. M. 28 N. W.
Savannah and contains
C. H. Jail, 1 public
house, store, &c.
Spring place a Mis¬
sionary station and Post
Office among the Che-
I*
jrokees 3 m. E. of the
Connesauga r. near the
[Federal road from
Georgia to Tettu. 194
m. N. W. M.
States'boroughp-t. and
cap. Bullock co. is 120
S. E. M. 57 N. W. Sa¬
vannah, contains the C.
H. Jail, and 5 house3
and stores.
Stephen's c runs S.
into Broad r. in Frank¬
lin and passes near
Carnesville.
Stephen's c. is in the
N, E. corner of Wash¬
ington and falls into the
Ogeechee.
Stone c. flows into the
Ocmulgee in the N. W.
corner of Twigs.
Sugar c. rises near
Madison and flow9 into
the Oconee in the N.
E. comer of Putnam.
Sugar c. rises in Pu¬
laski; runs parallel with
Little Ocmulgee into
which it flows in Tel¬
fair co.
Sum-mo-chi-coba c.
falls into the Chattabov-
chee from the late pur-
SUN 102 SWA
chase, at the N W. cor¬
ner of Early co. In the
treaty of Fort Jackson
1814, the month of this
creek was a point of
Remark ation.
Sunbury p-v. in Lib¬
erty co. on the 8. side
of Med way r. at the
head of St. Catharine's
Sound. It contains a
flourishing Academy,
house of worship for the
Baptists, 20 dwelling
houses, 2 stores, 3 offi¬
ces, &c. Pop. 150. It
is 8 m. E. S. E. Ricebo-
To, 40 S. Savannah.
Sunbury is on a sandy
elevation and was built
in 1758, and for several
years a formidable rival
of Savannah. Seven or
eight square rigged ves¬
sels have been seen to
ride into the harbour of
a day., It was taken by
Gen. Provost during the
revolutionary war and
never afterwards be¬
came the dopot formuch
produce. The planters
resor t to this place dur¬
ing the sickly season in
quest of health.
Suwaney r. rises in
Irwin and Dooly coun¬
ties, runsS- near the W.
partoftheOke-feno-kau
Swamp, into the Gulph
of Mexico, Through
this river and the St.
Marys a canal is con¬
templated to unite the
Atlantic and Gulf of
Mexico, without doub¬
ling the dangerous capes
on the South coast of
Florida. Such an inland
passage would save 1200
miles distance in reach¬
ing the ports on the
Gulph, and prevent ma*
ny hundred wrecks eve¬
ry year. The eastern
fork of the Suwaney is
called Little St. Johns
and issues out of the
Swamp.
SyWs c.'a tributary of
Little r. in Oglethorpe
and unites with Diamond
fork of the river in Ta¬
liaferro.
Swainsborough p. t.
and cap. Emanuel coun¬
ty is near the Canoo-
chee river 80 m. S. E.
M, 98 N- W. Savapnab.
TAL
103
TAT
contains C. H. Jail, and
10 bouses, and stores.
Swamps. The two
Oke-feno-kau .are men¬
tioned. Williamson's
between the Ogeechee
and some of its tributa¬
ries is crossed in pas¬
sing from Sandersville
to Louisville.
Sweet water c. rises
in Columbia, serves for
Taliaferro County is
bounded N. by Ogle¬
thorpe and Wilkes • E.
by Wilkes and a corner
of Warren; S. by War¬
ren and Hancock ; and
W. by Greene. This
was formed out of the
counties adjoining it in
1825, and the popula¬
tion included in them.
Crawfordville isthecap.
Tallapoosa r. rises be¬
tween the Chattahoo¬
chee andEtowah, in the
Cherokee nation, and
soon passes off into Ala¬
bama and unites with
£he Coosa in 1. 32? 30',
a few miles as a natural
boundary between this
co. and Warreu and
flows into Briar c- in
Burke.
Sweet water c. passes
into the Savannah in
Burke.
Swift c. is in the S.
W. part of Jones and
enters the Ocmulgee in
N. W. corner of Twigs.
to form the Alabama ri¬
ver. On the Tallapoo¬
sa, 30 m. E. of its junc¬
tion with the Coosa, is
Tuchabachee, the site
of a missionary station
called Withington.
Tate's c. falls into the
Alcovee in the N. E.
part of Newton co.
Tatmll County has on
the N. Emanuel co.; on
the N. E. Bullock ; on
the S. E. Liberty ; on
the S. W. Appling ; on
the N. W, Montgomery
The Ogeechee is on the
N. E. ; the Alatamaha
on the S. W, ; and the
TEL 1<
Ghoopee runs nearly
through the centre of
the co. The C. H. is
on the W. side of the.
Ohoopee, 120 S. W. M.
35 S. W. Vernon. The1
village is quite small.
Pop. 2787.
Taylor's c. rises in
Tatnall, passes through
the N. E. part of Liber¬
ty, and flows into the
Canoochee near Bryan
C. H.
Telfair County lies in
the semicircle of the
Ocmulgee, and reaches
within 8 miles of its con¬
fluence with the Oco¬
nee. On the N. lies
Pulaski ; on the N. E.
Montgomery ; on the
S. E Appling ; and on
the S. W. Irwin. Two
or three districts have
been added to this co.
from Appling on the S.
side of the Ocmulgee.
The southernmost dis-
)4 TER
trict reaches to Ware
co. Pop. 1823, Jack¬
sonville is the capital.
Ten Mile c. a small
branch falling into the
Alatamaha, in Glynn co.
above Darien.
Ten Mile c. flows into
the Alatamaha in Ap¬
pling.
Ten Milec. runs into the
Canoochee in Bullock.
*Terrora r. rises in
the N. W. part of Ra¬
bun, forms the bounda¬
ry between Rabun and
Habersham, and at the
corners of the two coun¬
ties uaites with the Cha-
tuga to form the Tuga-
lo. There are two con¬
siderable falls in this ri¬
ver, 8 miles above the
junction, where it tum¬
bles down the ragged
rocks 60 feet, nearly
perpendicular, and in
the course of a mile de¬
scends 300 feet. The
* The Indians call it Tallulah, which signifies aw¬
ful, terrible, in their language; but the inhabitants
now universally call it Terrora-.
THO
105
TOO
thick woods* which
stand on the precipice,
and send their sombre
shadows over the stream
gives it a gloomy ap¬
pearance, and strikes
the beholder with awful
feelings. The Toccoa
creek falls further than
this stream ; but when
the quantity of water is
taken into consideration,
this is the greatest water
fall in the state, and it
attracts thousands.
Thomas County is
bounded on the N. by
Baker and Lowndes ; on
the E. by Lowndes ; on
the S. by Florida ; and
on the W. by Decatur.
Pop. included in Early
co. from which it was
taken in 1825. Thom-
asville is the capital.
Thomaston, p. t. and
cap. Upson co. is 75 W-.
S. W. M. ; 50 W. Ma
con ; 30 S. W. For-
sythe. and contains C.
II. jail, academy, and
about 50 houses and
stores. Should the Flint
river be made naviga¬
ble, it will enhance the
value of land in Upson
and other counties, con¬
tiguous to the river.
Thomasville is laid
out as the capital of
Thomas county, but the
public buildings are not
yet completed.
Thlonoto c. rises in
Houston and fails into
Flint r. in Dooly, oppo¬
site tbe Chehaw villag¬
es.
Tinsreatte, a Mission¬
ary station on the Eto¬
wah r.
Tobesofskee c.is a con¬
siderable stream, rising
in Monroe, and making
its way into the Ocmul-
gee in the S. E. part of
Bibb co. It is 70 feet
wide for many miles.
Tobler's c- falls into
the Oconee in Baldwin,
above Rocky c.
Toccoa c. rises in Ha¬
bersham, runs S. thence
E. into the Tugaloat
the S. E. corner of the
county. The Toccoa-
falls or cascade, are on
this creek. It is 20 feet
HOC
106
TOW
wide, coming S. on one \
of the'southern extrem¬
ities of the Alleghany
Mountains, winding its
way among the rocks, & ;
without giving you a
moments warning, all at
once tumbles down a
perpendicular rock
186i feet! The quan¬
tum of water is so small,
that it chiefly becomes
spray before it reaches
the unfathomable basin
below. Five miles from
this it finds its way into
the Tugalo near the
head of boat navigation
on that river. The
Currahee Mt. is 4 miles
S. W. from these falls,
which are 18 N. W.
Carnesville. Partiesof
pleasure from the Madi¬
son Springs, frequently
visit this cascade, taking
the Currahee in their
way, thence climbing
the hills to catch a view
of the awful Terrora.
The fatigue undergone
in this jaunt is of great
service to some inva¬
lids, . who stand i.n
greater need of profase
perspiration and vigor¬
ous exercise than the
prescriptions frbm the
shop. The party may
not expect to find sump¬
tuous fare after they
leave the Tuccoa falls f
but they may rest assur¬
ed that there is some¬
thing either in the
monntainair which they
inhale, or in the pecu¬
liar construction of the'
roads or the direction
they run, which will
produce a relish for
even the coarsest food.
Tocking rook r. a
branch of the Coosewat-
tee in the Cherokee na¬
tion.
Todd's c. falls into St.
Andrews Sound in Cam¬
den.
Town c. is in Greene
and falls into the Oco¬
nee.
Town c. (Little) unites
with the above 3 miles
from the river.
Town c. rises in Han¬
cock, and forms the
whole eastern boundary
TRO
lot
TUR
of Bald win co. enteriog
the Oconee at its most
southerly point.
Town c. falls into the
Ocmulgee opposite
Hartford.
Town c. rises in War¬
ren, and passes by
Wrightsboro into Up
ton's creek.
Town c. falls into the
Ocmulgee in Jones co.
Towelaggee r. rises
between the Ocmulgee
and Flint rivers, runs
S. E. into the Ocmulgee
opposite the S. W. cor¬
ner of Jasper. It is 70
miles long and 90 feet
wide.
Trail c. flow sinto the
Oconee opposite Athens
just above the lower
bridge.
Troublesome c. a
branch of Long c. in
Oglethorpe.
Troup County has
Coweta on the N.; Up¬
son and parts of Pike
and Crawford on the E.
Muscogee on the S. and
the Chattahoochee od
the West*
Miller's Bend is near
S. W. corner of this co.
in the S. angle of Car¬
roll county.
Tuckersville p-t. and
cap. Wayne co. contains
C. H* Jail, &c. The
No. of houses not ascer¬
tained.
Tugalo r. is formed
by the Chatugaand Ter-
rora which unite in the
corner of Habersham.
It is navigable for boats
up near to the mouth of
Panther c. 50 m. above
he junction of the Kio-
wee. At this junction
in S. E. part of Frank¬
lin the united streams
take the name of Savan¬
nah.
Turkey c. rises io
Baldwin and runs S. in¬
to Commissioner's c,
in Wilkinson,
Turkey c. falls into
Flint river in Dooly co.
Turtle r. is but an
arm of the Ocean
lengthened by Buffalo©
creek, which rises in
Wayne and falls intoit
in Glynn. It is naviga-
UCH
108 UCH
ble to Brunswick for
the largest vessels and
affords for them a com¬
modious harbour. The
water at the Bar is 18
feet deep ; and as the
bar below Darien has
but 14 feet, a canal con¬
necting this river with
the Alatamaha above
Darien is contemplated.
Navigable 20 miles.
Twigs County is boun¬
ded N. by Jones ; E. by
Wilkinson, S. by Pulas¬
ki; and VV. by the Oc-
mulgee which separates
it from parts of Houston
and Bibb. Pop. 9006.
Marion is the capital.
Tybee Is. is in Tybee
Sound, the mouth of
the Savannah river, and
contains a light house,
and a Hotel which is
considerably thronged
in the summer season.
A Steam Boat plies be¬
tween this and Savan¬
nah every day during
some part of the sum¬
mer. It is five miles
long and 3 broad, being
the most easterly point
of land in the state.
Tybee Is. (Little) lies
immediacy South bf
the abo«e^and nearly as
large- •*
Tyger c. falls into
Pendleton c. in Mont¬
gomery CO.
TJchee c. is a consid¬
erable stream, falling in¬
to the Savannah below
the Kiokees.
Uchee c- runs E. into
the Oconee in Wilkin¬
son between Commis¬
sioners and Big Sandy
creeks.
Uchee c. rises in Ala¬
bama and falls into the
Chattahoochee about L.
32® 33' and was suppos¬
ed to be near the point
where the boundary
line of this state was to
diverge from the river,
but when the line be¬
tween the two states
Georgia and Alabama
VAN
109 VER
was run last summer,
the Commissioners of
Georgia, conceiving the
small bend 7miles above
could not be the one in¬
tended as the diverging
point, because the line
would theu soon cross
the river and leave
lands E. of it in Alaba¬
ma, which would be
contrary to the declara¬
tion in the Constitu¬
tion of Georgia ; left
the river at Miller's
bend, 37 miles above
the mouth of the creek
and about 33° N. Lat.
.Whether this will be
considered permanent
is not for the writer to
determine.
Van's Ferry, a place
of crossing the Chatta¬
hoochee river, on the
great road from this
state through the Che¬
rokee nation to Ten¬
nessee. The E. bank
i3 in Hall co. 11 miles
below Gainsville, and
K
University. (See A-
thens.)
, Upson County is boun¬
ded N. by Pike ; E. by
Monroe and Crawford ;
and S. and W. by the
.Flint river. Pop.
included in Pike and
Crawford, from which
it was taken in 1824.
Thomaston is the capi¬
tal.
Upton's c. rises in
Warren, receives seve¬
ral tributaries and flows
into Little river just
above Raysviile in Co¬
lumbia.
* Upton's c. rises near
Washington in Wilkes,
and runs into Little riv-
ier.
the west yet in posses¬
sion of the Cherokees.
L. 34° 20' Long. 7° 18'.
Van's c. falls into the
Savannah in Elbert.
Ruckersville is on this
creek.
Vernon p. t. and cap.
Montgomery county,, is
tVAL
110 WAR
$5 a. S. E. M. 100 w.
N. W. Savannah, 100
N. W. Darien, contains
C. H. Jail, 4 houses and
1 store. It is 5 m. E
of the Oconee and 35
Walker's c. runs into
t]be St. Ilia below Jef¬
ferson in Camden.
Walnut c. flow8 N. in¬
to Briar c. in Burke.
Walnut c. unites with
Allen's and Hunting c.
to form the Middle fork
of the Oconee.
Walton County has
Jackson on the N. E,
Clarke on the E. Mor¬
gan and Jasper on the
S. Newton on the S. W.
and Gwinnett on the N.
W. Pop. 6323. Cov¬
ington is the capital.
Walthounfille v. on a
high sandy hill 10 m.
W. of Riceborough, in
Liberty County, erec¬
ted at first merely for a
summer retreat, but is
now occupied by many
families the whole year.
N. W. Tatnall Court
House.
Vernonsburgk a small
cluster of houses in
Chatham, now nearly
gone to decay.
It contains a house of
worship, 30 dwelling
houses and a flourishing
Academy, open all the
year. The permanent
residents are about 250,
but in the summer it is
doubled.
Wammock's c. falls in¬
to the Oconee in Lau¬
rens.
Ware County is boun¬
ded N. by Appling; E.
by Wayne and Camden ;
S. by Florida; and W.
by Lowndes. Pop. is
included in Appling,
from which it was taken
in 1825. The C. H.
is 4 m. S. of the St. Ilia r-
180 S. S. E. M. 75 W.
N. W. St. Marys, 50
Appling C. H.
Waresborough is men-
WAR 111 WAS
tioned as the capital of
Ware County.
Warren County is
bounded N. by Talia¬
ferro and Wilkes; E.
by Columbia ; S. by Jef¬
ferson ; W. by a part of
Washington and Han¬
cock. Pop. 9382. The
capital is Warrenton.
Warrenton p-t. and
cap. Warren county i?
44 E. N. E. M. 44 W.
Augusta, 12 S. E. Pow-
elton, contains C, H.
Jail, Academy, 24 dwel
ling houses, 7 stores, 5
offices, shops, &c. This
place is on the stage
road via Powelton to
Milledgeville.
Warsaw river and
sound is the most South¬
ern channel by which
the Savannah dischar¬
ges its waters into the
Ocean. This leaves the
N. channel below Fort
Jackson and encloses
several fertile Islands,
being about 20 miles in
length. This channel
is also called Augus¬
tine's creek.
Warsaw Is. Big and
Little, are both south of
the sound.
Warwoman's c. falls
into the Chatuga in Ra¬
bun.
Washington County
lies S. of Hancock ; a
corner of Warren and
Jefferson county are on
the E.; Emanuel on the
S. E.; that part of Lau¬
rens which lies E. of
the Oconee is on the
S. ; and Wilkinson with
a small part of Baldwin
on the west. Pop.
8605. Sandersville is
the capital.
Washington p-t. and
cap. W'ilkes county, 66
N.E. M. 52 N. W. Au¬
gusta; 18 W. Lincoln-
ton ; 14 S. E. Mallorys-
ville, 31 E. N. E.
Greenesboro; 24 S. E.
Lexington, contains an
elegant C. H. with an
excellent Clock, Jail,
branch of the State
Bank, houses of wor¬
ship for the Methodists
and Presbyterians, and
one preparing for the
WAT
112
WAY
Baptists, Male and Fe¬
male Academy, 75 dwel¬
ling houses, 8 stores, 7
offices, and 8 shops, and
about 10G0 inhabitants.
This is on the great
western road via Athens
to Tennessee. The
stage from Augusta to
Athens, and thence on
return, stops the night
in this place ; the stage
from Powelton passes
weekly, and thence on
Via Petersburgh, Abbe-
viHe C. H. Yorkville,
S. C. Salem, N. C. Car-
tersville, Va. to Wash¬
ington City. A week¬
ly paper is issued
here.
Watkinsville p-t. and
cap. Clarke county, 64
N. N. W. M. 7 S.
Athens, 27 N. N. W.
Greenesboro, 5 miles
from the W. bank of
the Oconee, contains
C. H. Jail, Academy,
Clerk's Office, and 20
houses and 4 stores.
The roads from
Greenesboro, and from
Madison, Morgan co. to
Athens, unite in this
place.
Wayne County is of an
oblong shape 33 miles
long and only 18 broad.
On the N. E. is M'lo-
tosh county separated
by the Alatamaha ; on
the E; is Glynn; on
the S. is Camden ; and
on the W. Ware and
Appling. Pop. 1659/
The C. H. is on Buffa-
loe c.
Wayneville p. v. in
Wayne co- contains 10
houses and stores.
Waynesborough p. t.
and cap. Burke county,
is 4 miles S. E. Briar
creek ; 80 E. M. 25 E.
Louisville ; 30 S. S.
W. Augusta, and con¬
tains C. H. Jail, Acade¬
my, bouses of worship
for Methodists and
Presbyterians, 25 dwel¬
ling houses, 6 stores and
7 offices and shops.
The stage from Savan¬
nah to Augusta passes
through this place,
though it is 9 miles W„
of the direct route.
WHI 113 WIL
Webb's c. is a branch
of Falling c. in Elbert
Weed's Is. is N. of
Lewis' Is. in M'Intosb
above DariedP.
Well's c. falls into the
Savannah in Elbert be¬
low Soap. c.
Werriatt's Is. is in
the Alatamaha near to
Lewis' and Weed's Is¬
lands.
White's c. a tributary
of Horse c. in Telfair.
White cap. c.a branch
of the head waters of
Little St. Ilia r. in Glynn
county.
White cap. c. (Little)
falls into the same river
S. of the above
White marsh Is. lies
between Savannah and
Wilmington Is. in the
Savannah r. Pop. 166.
White oak c. is a
.branch of Murder c. in
Jasper.
White oak c. runs S.
into the great St. Ilia in
Camden just above
Crow Harbor.
White water c. falls
into the Oconee from
the south in the S. E.
part of Laurens co.
Wild Cat c. flows into
the Appalachee in Wal¬
ton.
Wild Cat c. runs into
the Oconee in Clarke
below Watkinsville.
Wilkes County is boun¬
ded N. by Elbert from
which it is separated by
Broad river; E. by
Lincoln; S. by parts of
Columbia, Warren and
Taliaferro ; W. by Ta¬
liaferro & Oglethorpe;
and N. W. by Ogle¬
thorpe.. Pop. 16,975.
Washington is the capi¬
tal.
Wilkinson County is
bounded by a corner of
Jones and Baldwin on
the N.; by Washington
oq the E. separated by
the Oconee ; part of
Laurens and a corner of
Pulaski on the S. and
Twigs on the W. Pop.
7806. Irwinton is this
capital.
Williamson's Swamp
lies between Sanders-
ville and Louisville, be-
TEL
114
YOU
tween the Ogeechee &
some of its tributaries.
William's c. runs into
Little river in Warren.
Willmington Is. is 8
miles S. G. Savannah
between the N. and S.
channels of the river ;
it is 6 miles long and 4
broad, containing a
house of worship built
in 1818, and 630 inhabi¬
tants. Here are sever¬
al most beautiful orange
groves.
WinstelVs c. has its
rise in Greene, and falls
into Shoulderbone c
Wise's c. falls into the
Ocmulgee just below
the 7 Islands.
Wolf c- falls into the
Canoochee at the S. E.
corner of Emanuel.
Wolfe. flows into Lit¬
tle river near its mouth
in Putnam.
Wolfe., a tributary of
Murder c. in Jasper.
Wolf c- branch of
Commissioner's c. in
Jones.
Wolf c. rises in Aik-
ridge's plantation in
Clarke and falls into
the Appalachee below
Floyd's bridge.
Wolf Is. is E. of Shef-
flall's Is. in the Alatama-
ha below Darien.
Wrightsborougk p. Y.
is in the N. W- part of
Columbia co. near the
line of Warren co. on
Town c- 56 N. E. M.
It contains a house of
worship, female acade¬
my, and 30 houses and
stores. It was built be¬
fore the Revolution.
Y.
Yamgrandy c. rises
near Swainsboro and
runs S. into the Ohoo-
pee.
Yellow r. is the mid¬
dle fork of the head
streams of the Ocmul¬
gee. (See Alcovee-)
Young's c> falls into
the Ocmulgee below
Wise's creek in Jasper,
ZE1
115
ZEB
z.
Zebulun p. t. and cap. my, M. H. for Metho-
Pike county, 77 W. M. dists, 32 houses and 12
27 W. Forsythe, con- stores, shops, &c.
tains C. H« Jail, Acade-|
ERRATA-
Page 40,—3d line from bottom, 1st col. read
250, instead of " 120."
Page 59, in article " Greenesboro," read
23 m. N. W. Powelton.
Page 102, 2a col. read Suwaney r. rises in
Irwin county, instead of " Irwin and Dooly coun~
ties."
Page 107, add the following lines to the arti-
ole Towelaggee r. " There are falls in this
river of 60 feet nearly perpendicular; and in
a few yards distance the water alls near 100
feet."
NO. X.
The following Table exhibits the medium length and breadth of the
several Counties in the State, and the population, white and black, &c.
There may be some inaccuracy in regard to some of the new Counties,
for no correct map of them was at hand. The census was taken in
1824.
Medium
Jlrea.
Population.
Total.
Repre-
Gross amount
Counties.
senlati.
of taxes paid
L.
B.
sq'r. m.
White
Black.
Pop.
in 1825.
Appling,}
55
35
1925
1264
1264
1264
% 302 42
Baker,§
38
30
1140
*
Baldwin,
16
164
244
3596
5495
9091
6851
4054 90
Bibb,
19
16
304
2223
1157
3380
2917
675 42
Bryan,
Bullock,
36
12
432
833
2288
3121
2106
860 10
43
22
946
2357
730
3087
2797
744 61
Burke
32*
32
1040
5438
6339
11777
9241
3456 81
Butts§
17
13
221
Camden,
45
25
1125
1533
3096
4629
3391
2881 88
Chatham,
28
15
420
4902
10800
15702
11382
19990 28
Clarke,
20
14
280
5181
4205
9386
7704
2670 83
Columbia,
Crawford,
25
20
500
4106
7239
11345
8455
3565 32
17
17
289
1781
579
2360
2128
221 77
JVb 1—Continued.
Counties.
Medium.
Area.
Population.
Repre-
Gross amount
Total.
sentati.
of taxes paid
L
%
sq'r. m.
White.
Black.
Pop.
in 1825.
Decatur,§
36
25
1906
Dekalb,}:
25
19
475
3569
3569
3569
$ 384 58
Dooly,
35
32
1120
611
161
772
707
82 26
Early,
38
28
1064
1069
297
1366
1242
286 68
Effingham,
30
16
480
1449
1217
2666
2180
996 79
Elbert,
3&
16
512
6046
8454
14500
11118
3226 34
Emanuel,
38
31
480
2489
478
2967
2776
527 86
Fayette,
27
13
351
2127
461
2588
2421
275 65
Franklin,
26
25
650
6930
1899
8829
8070
1791 92
Glynn,
Greene,
22
18
396
410
3008
3418
2215
1200 68
22*
17,
374
5962
7573
13535
10506
4221 82
Gvyinnett,
29
19
551
6943
t 920
516
7863
7495
1098 15
Habersham,
31
23
713
3935
4451
4244
718 ,76
Hall,
30
24
720
7633
612
8245
8001
962 56
Hancock,
22
20
440
5629
7546
13175
10156
3910 68
Henry,
27
15
405
4387
1093
5480
5043
610 14
Houston,
35
25
875
1448
325
1773
1623
191 50
Irwin,f
52
28
1456
411.
411
411
82 63 ,
JVo. 1—Continued.
Medium.
Area,
. Population-
Repre-
Gross amount
Counties.
Total.
sentali.
of taxes paid
in 1825.
L
B.
sq'r. m.
White.
Black.
Pop
Jackson,
23
18
414
7118
2457
9575
8593
$ 1975 94
Jasper,
24
16
384
10207
6714
16921
14237
i|| 4475 36
Jeflerson,
28
21
588
3927
3156
7083
5820
-2192 33
Jones,
21
18
378
8953
7545
16498
13480
4118 59
Laurens,
32
22
704
3624
2260
5884
4980
1535 79
Liberty,
41
15
615
1686
5743
7429
5132
2670 16
Lincoln,
22
9
198
2964
3055
6019
4797
1575 37
Lowndes,§
51
41
2091
Madison,
14
13
182
3066
862
3928
3475
331 89
M'Intosh,
40
16
640
1255
3874
5129
3580
3316 62
Monroe,
21
16
836
5971
3313
9284
7955
1324 94
Montgomery,
26
24
624
1101
517
1618
1441
612 95
Morgan,
17
16
272
7204
6665
13869
11)97
4413 54
JVewton,
22
15
330
5555
1916
7471
6704
1150 53
Oglethrope,
28
16
448
6190
7618
13808
10761
4082 51
Pike,
23
17
391
2869
954
3823
3442
338 79
Pulaski,
32
17
544
2477
1734
4211
3818
1065 04
Putnam,
20
18
360
7783-
7890
15673
12522
4362 00
120
APPENDIX.
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c ^ ST £ 4i ■» ">
■" £ a " S
a a at as cs ~ .—
n . i u a ce <U JS s a£,":£££:rr-
OS CStOwjHfH
Those Counties thus marked'(§) were organized since
the census of 1824.
x Counties concerning which no return of the black
population was made.
i Half of this sum is retained in the several counties for
county purposes, so that the net amount paid into the
State Treasury, after deducting #teen per centum for
collecting, there will remain but $56,527 77- Of this
sum the Legislature received for their pnv $43,119 80,
APPENDIX.
NO. 2.
List of Post-Offices in the State.
121
NAMES.
COUNTIES.
NAMES.
60UNT1ES.
Amandasville
Elbert
Cooper's Bridge
Putnam
Applington
Columbia
Copeland's
Telfair
Ashley's Mills
Telfair
Covington
Newton
Athens
Clarke
Crawfordville
Taliaferro
Augusta
Richmond
Culbreath's
Columbia
Bainbtidge
Decatur
Culloden's
Monroe
Bagg's
M'lntosh
Danhurgh
Wilkes
Bandy's Creek
Che.Nation
Danielsville
Madison
Bark Camp
Burke
Dansby's
Oglethorpe
Bascobell
Jackson
Darby's
Columbia
Berman's store
Greene
Darien
M'lntosh
Bethlehem
Oglethorpe
Decatur
Dekalb
Bethsaida
Jones
Demopolis
Gwinnett
Birdsville,
Burke
Devereux's S
Hancock
Blountsville
Jones i
DoubleBranch'.'.
Lincoln
Bowling Green
Oglethorpe
Dublin
Laurens
Brunswick
Glynn
Earlyton
Early
Bryan C. H.
Bryan
Eatonton
Putnam
Buckliead
Morgan
Elberton
Elbert
Bushville
Franklin
Eubanks
Columbia
Butler's
Putnam
Fairfield
Putnam
Byram's
Pike
Fayetteville
Fayette
Byron
Baker
Fenn's Bridge
Jefferson
Candy's c.
Che.Nation
Fort Hawkins
Bibb
Carmel
do. do.
Fort Lawrence
Crawford
Carnesville
Franklin
Fort Vallej
do
Centerville
Wilkes
Frederica
Glyrttr
Chesnut Hill
Hail ,
Freeman's s.
.Tones
Choice's store
Gwinnett
Gainsville
Hall
Clarkeshoro
Jackson
GladdenSville
Hancock
Clarkesville
Habersham
Goose Pond
Oglethorpe^
Claytonville
Rabun
Goshen
Lincoln
A
Clinton
Jones
Grantsvilie
(jrreene
Glopton's mills
Putnam
Greenesboro
Greene
Cook's Law Of.
Elbert
Harmony Grove
Jackson
L
122
APPENDIX.
JVo. 2.—Continued.
N AMES
COUNTIES.
Hartford
Pulaski
Hickory Grove
Henry
Hillsboro
Jasper
Hollingsworth
Habersham
Hurry caneshoal
Jackson
Ichoconno
Crawford
Irwinton
Wilkinson
Jackson
Butts
Jacksonsboro
Scriven
Jacksonville
Telfair
Jefferson
Camden
Jefferson
Jackson
Kellog's store
Jackson
Kingston
Morgau
KnoxviUe
Crawford
Lackirigton
Clarke
Lawrenceville
Gwinnett
Leaksville
Jasper
Washi'gton
Lebanon
Lexington
Oglethorpe
Liberty Hall
Morgan
Lincolnton
Lincoln
Lombardy
Columbia
Lonerica
Baldwin
Loughbridge's
Gwinnett
M-Clelland's
Camden
M' Donough
Henry
M'Entire's
Franklin
M'Intosh C. H.
M'Intosh
Macon
Bibb *
Madison
Morgan
MadisonSprings
Madison
Mallorysvilie
Wilkes
Marion
Twigs
Mattox's
Tatnall
^lilledgeville
Baldwin
Millroy
Bullock
Monroe
Walton
NAMES.
COUNTIES.
Monticello
Jasper
Mount Horsb
Jasper
Mt. Pleasant
Baldwin
Mt. Zion
Hancock
Newborn
Jasper
Newhope
Hancock
Oak Grove
Jasper
Pentecost's M.
Jackson
Perry
Houston
Perry's mills
Tatnall
Petersburgh
Elbert
Pleasant Grove
Henry
Pinderton
Dooly
Powelton
Hancock
Ramah
Wilkinson
Reeves'
Hall -
Reid's
F ranklin
Riceboro
Liberty
Rossville
Cher. Nat.
Ruckersville
Elbert
Saint Marys
Camden
Salem
Clarke
Sandersville
Washi'gton
Sanford^Lums-
| Hancock
den's store
Savannah
Chatham
Scull Shoals
Greene
Shady Grove
Greene
Shene's store
Twigs
Shiver's mills
Warren
Shoals of Ogee.
Hancock
Social Circle
Walton
Sparta
Hancock
Springhill
Monroe
Spring place
Cher, Nat,
Stalling's store
Monroe
Stan PeachTree
Dekalb
Stanford's IK R.
Putnam
APPENDIX. 123
JVo. 2.—Concluded.
NAMES.
COUNTIES.
NAMES.
COUNTIES.
Statesboro
Bullock
Warrenton
Warren
Storey's Mills
J ackson
Washington
Wilkes
Sunbury
Liberty
Watkinsville
Clarke
Swainsbord
Emanuel
Watson store
Colombia
Tarer's Mills
Wilkes
Waynesboro
Burke
Thomaston
Upson
Waynesville
Wayne
Tuckasusing
Effingham
Winn's
Hall
Tuckersville
Wayne
Wrightsboro
Columbia
Vernon
Montgom'y
Zebulun
Pike
Wall's Fort
Greene
In all 165. Through these, to circulate information,
fifteen Newspapers, printed in the State, are sent abroad,
into every section ; besides thousands brought «in the
mail from other states.
In the United Stases are morp than 6100 Post-Offices,
124
appendix.
HO. 3.
Rivers, their length, 4**c.
The produce of this state can be floated on
thirteen navigable rivers within its own boun¬
daries. The author has found it quite diffi¬
cult to ascertain among contradictory state¬
ments, the lengths of these rivers and the dis¬
tance they can be navigated. A gentleman
of intelligence in Milledgeville, who has been
repeatedly from that place to Darienbothby
land and water, assures him that the best es¬
timate which he could make of the distance
between those two places, by the course of
the river, is 400 miles. On the Map the dis¬
tance seems to be about 240 ! Col. Clinton
in4iis report on canals last winter, states this
as the distance measured on Early's large
Map. But the distance from Savannah to
Augusta on the Map is not so far by several
miles on the river as it is from Darien to Mil¬
ledgeville ; and yet it is asserted, and has been
published to the world for 15 years, that by
the course of the river it is 340 miles from
Savannah to Augusta ! Statements concern¬
ing the lengths of other rivers are as contra¬
dictory as the above. Capt. Hutchins mea¬
sured the Ohio according to its meanders and
makes it 1188 mifes. The U. S. had it sur¬
veyed on the north bank and the estimate is
but 949 miles. In the following table the
author has been governed chiefly <by the Map,
APPENDIX. 125
except concerning the Savannah river; al¬
though on the article Oconee r. in the body of
the work, he was guided by the gentleman*
alluded to, of Milledgeville.
? b
Cte!s?
s- S.
S be
© bs
© bo
s
Ot)
S w.
£ R
O" 2*
£ |
^ ft
2
Names of Rivers.
§
3 3.
§ 3
r ft
O- d
8
5N^
e
s
a •
5. s>"
ft •
s* ^
C»5
a S
8 g
w _
8 ©
Alatamaha,
6tl20
12
120
Chattahoochee,
570
5180
390
c470
Canoochee,
140
d 50
Flint,
300
100
200
Newport, S
25
e 20
Ocmulgee^
Oconee,
275
f'150
150
g215
290
£120
120
t230
Ogeechee,
200
j 35
£150
phoopee,
130
I 40
Saint Ilia,
153
«i48
wl08
St. Marys,
90
30
60
Savannah,
550
o 18
®340
?410
r490
Turtle,
25
* 8
18
a. To, confluence of Oconee and Ocmulgee.
b. To Fort Mitchell.'
c. To mouth of Chestatee. As the lands contiguous to
this river and the Flint have heretofore been in possession
of the Indians, little of the capacity of these rivers for
navigation is known; but so far as they have been explor¬
ed, they appear to be navigable as stated.
d. To mouth of Cedar creek in Tatnali.
e. To Sunbury.
f. To Macon.
g. To confluence of the chief branches of Ocmulgee.
F*
126
APPENDIX.
By the preceding estimate it will be seen
that we can navigate on our several rivers
vessels with masts, carrying from 100 to 250
tons, 161 miles ; with Steam Boats, 104S
miles; with boats of 30 tons burthen, 1285
miles, and with those of 10 tons 1588 miles.
The five New England States can boast of
their Connecticut and Merrimack, the former
of which by improvements and canals, is navi¬
gable for boats 300 miles; New York of her
majestic Hudson and silver Mohawk, the first
of which is navigated by sloops 170 miles, and
rendered navigable 50 more by canals, which
has cost a million; New Jersey, Pennsylvania,
Delaware, and Maryland, of their beautiful
Delaware and wide-mouthed Stisquehannah;
Virginia of her lovely Potomac, and her long
anduseful James, and her York; North Caroli¬
na of her Roanoke, her Neuse, and deep Cape
Fear ; South Carolina of her Pedee, and her
h. To Milledgeville.
i. To Athens, though no produce has been floated so fai\
j. To Fort Argyle a few miles aboveOgeechee bridge,
k. To Louisville.
I. To mouth of Jack's c. ia Emanuel County.
m. To Burnt Fort in W. part of Camden.
n. To Ellabka in Appling,
o. To town of Savannah.
p. To Augusta.
t[. To Petersburgh.
r. To Mullen's ford, near Toccoa creek.
s. To Brunswick.
APPENDIX.
127
Santee with its several branches; hut where
has a benevolent Providence channelled a
country with more navigable rivers, and
spread on its surface a soil producing in grea¬
ter luxuriance, the comforts and delicacies of
life, than in Georgia?
Since our repeated accessions of territory
have been disposed of by lotteries, we have not
much money to spare from our State Treasu¬
ry for internal improvement; but if there
could be an impulse given to the people in
those districts, through which canals would
be advantageous, and they were resolved no
longer to give for the carriage of their cotton
one and two dollars per hundred to the carrier,
(whose return in some rainy seasons is almost
as uncertain as that of the ship that has ven¬
tured on the pathless Ocean) and would evolve
plans to prevent it, and adventure upon their
execution with a zeal becoming the impor¬
tance of the subject; the idea of a mammoth
canal, a herculean task, would soon dwindle
into nothing. Let the inhabitants of Morgan,
Walton, Jackson, Madison, Clarke, Greene,
Taliaferro, Oglethorpe, Wilkes, Warren and
Columbia, determine on a canal from the
Oconee to the Savannah: let the country
be explored, the boundaries and dimensions of
the channel be defined, short sections of it ta¬
ken up by every planter in those counties, and
24 months shall not have wheeled their hasty
round away, before these two rivers would be
128
APPENDIX.
married together! In order to gain time for
excavating this canal, let us grow but one
third as much cotton as now. This handled
as it Would be, would be worth nearly as
much as our 200,000 bags blowed upon by a
thousand buyers; and should the whole state
act in accordance with this design of raising
cotton, the article would soon rise to its ordi¬
nary price; by which time our internal im¬
provements would be completed, and we
could send a ton to market for a less sum than
we can now one hundred.
In these eleven counties are 10,000 voters.
Say, the canal is cut from Athens to Augusta
80 miles, there would be but about two and a
half rods, or 411 feet in length, for etch man to
accomplish! These counties produce, say,
30,000 bags cotton annually. The price of
carriage for, say 20,000 bags, is at least
$60,000; for the other 10,000 bags, say,
$20,000; $80,000 for the carriage of one crop!
Would not these $80,000 cover all the ex¬
pense of surveying the ground, and of the me¬
chanical work, which planters generally do not
understand. If a railroad would be thought
better, let that be made and the labour to ef¬
fect it,would be less than that for a canal. The
gross income of the New York canals for the
present year is nearly a million of dollars! If
we had the facility for carrying them off, our
immense forests of pine and other trees might
be converted into lumber, and thus greatly in¬
crease our wealth.
APPENDIX.
12a
NO- 4.
Religious Denominations in the State.
Statement of the Baptist Denomination as gathered
from the Minutes of the several Associations.
Associations.
Georgia Association,
Ocmulgee
Sunbury
Yellow River
Sarepta
Tugalo
Hepzibah
Ebenezer
Piedmont
Flint River
Chattahoochee*
>,
s ?
h
s ^
ft
8
ft
£ S
ci 5*
SS o
P" 3
Si¬
ft
Cfc «)
^ n
-
3
8
38
45
3363
42
20
2114
16
11
5257
20
25
1500
32
10
1366
28
10
1199
38
19
1802
30
14
1070
15
10
800
31
17
1013
290
179
*19464
The latest minutes of some of these bo¬
dies could not be procured, and in some the
number of ministers is not stated. The pro¬
bable number of ministers is 200 and that of
church members 20,000.
* The Minutes of the Chattahoochee Association, form¬
ed in 1825, could not be procured.
130
APPENDISt
In several of the Associations are Societies
whose object is to send thfe gb^pel to the des¬
titute. Besides preaching at their stated
places, the ministers generally of all the As¬
sociations, spend some weeks in itinerating
in destitute neighbourhoods. ,
The first three Associations have united
together in a "General Association," to pro¬
mote the cause of Christ by* missions, and af¬
fording the means of education to pious young
men called by the Spirit, and their churches*
to the christian ministry. All the plans which
have hitherto been devised to promote solid
and useful education among the ministry,
meets with opposition from both clergy and
laity. Many of these, however, alledge that
they are friendly to it; but the plans do not
suit them; and no one of tb> '"omination has
been so fortunate as to ejvive ^ ^.but which
has been objectionable to thousands. Whe¬
ther education during the life time if many of
the ministry, will be considered a hand maid
to religion, as it ever has been in other sec¬
tions of the christian world, the writer will not
venture an expression of his opinion; but
that it is gaining upon the feelings andsbetter
judgments of many, is unquestionable.
JWethodists.—No regular account could be
procured; though one was promised by a
distinguished minister of this denomination.
From the proceedings of the last Conference
the following statement is gathered.
APPENDIX,
131
Members.—JV'hites 13,563—Blacks 3,618—
Total 17,181;
Of these are probably between two and
three hundred local -preachers. Beside these,
are nearly 50 circuit preachers who generally
preach every day.
Christians.—No amount of this denomina¬
tion could be procured. They have several
churches in the state. •
Episcopalians.—Ministers 5, organized con¬
gregations 4. There were reported to the
Convention, which assembled in April last
at Macon, 164 communicants. Of the whole
number of families or persons attached to
this persuasion throughout the state, no pro¬
bable estimate can be formed.
Roman Catholics.—Churches 3, Priests
3, Members say, 2100. There are many
persons scattered throughout the state, which
are not embodied in any church. A congre¬
gation has been recently organized at Madison,
Morgan Co. and a church is soon to be form¬
ed. Members in this estimate, include all
christened in the church.
Presbyterians.
Hopewell Presbytery.—Churches 39; Minis¬
ters 20; Members 1015. Georgia Presbyte¬
ry.—Churches 9; Ministers 7; Members
1185; Total Churches 48; Ministers 212
Members 2200.
132
APPENDIX.
This is the true number of churches and
ministers; but that of the membeyrs is com¬
puted from best information by one of the
ministers. This denomination has chiefly un¬
der its charge the College at Athens and al-
§o many Academies; and we should not won¬
der to see its influence in a few years quite
commanding.
Jews.—There are scattered throughout the
state about 400 Jews. In Savannah is a Sy
nagogue.
NO. 5.
Showing some of the Canals in the U. S. and
elsewhere.
Erie and Hudson Canal is in the State of
New York, and about 365 miles in length, 44
feet wide at the top, 28 at the bottom and
4 feet deep. It unites the Niagara river and
Lake Erie with the Hudson river at Albany.
It was begun in July 1817, and finished Oct.
1825. Cost $8,248,000. Income the pre¬
sent year nearly $800,000!
Champlain Canal is also in New York con¬
necting Lake Champlain with the Hudson at
Fort Edward. Length 23 miles, and in pther
dimensions like the one above. The cost,
including the expenses of improving the Hud¬
son to Albany, is $875,000. But the naviga-
APPENDIX.
133
tion of the river is found so difficult, especial¬
ly in high water, that the canal is to be ex¬
tended to Albany without using the river*
T;he whole of it is now nearly completed.
Delaware and Hudson Canal, also in New
York, commences near Kingston on the Hud¬
son river, and runs nearly W. tothe Delaware
64 miles. It follows the river up to the mouth
of the Lackawaxen creek, and up this creek
near to the Lackawaxen coal mines. To fur¬
nish an easy conveyance for coal to New York
Is one principal object of making the canal.
The section between the Hudson and Dela¬
ware is now completed. Whole length 124
iniles, cost $1,600,000.
Delaware and Chesapeake Canal commences
on the Delaware below Newcastle, in Dela¬
ware, 40 miles S. Philadelphia, and ends 5
miles below Frenchtown on the Chesapeake.
Length 13| miles, cost $1,200,000. The
Engineer thinks that by expending $600,000
more, the canal would float frigates drawing
20 feet water.
Boston and Hudson river is to connect the
Hudson at Albany with Boston. Two or three
routes have been surveyed; but nothing yet
done on it. Estimated cost more than
$6,000,000.
Champlainand Connecticut Canal is to com¬
mence at Burlington on Lake Champlain, and
proceed to the Connecticut river 14 miles
above Windsor in Vermont. Three routes
M
134
AFFEJNU1X.
have been surveyed, but nothing yet has been
accomplished in canalling.
Champlain and Otter Canal. This is to be*
gin on the Otter creek in Rutland, Vt. and pro¬
ceed N. E. through Castleton to White Hall,
at the head of Lake Champlain. Distance of
canal and improved navigation of the creek 75
miles.
Middlesex Canal unites Boston harbour with
the Merrimack river. It is 31 miles long, 24
feet wide and 4 feet deep, commenced in
1793, and completed in 1804. Cost $700,000.
Much of the produce of New Hampshire
is floated on this canal.
Blackstone Canal proceeds from Providence
to Blackstone river, and thence up said river
to Worcester, Mass. the largest inland town
in New England. Distance from Providence
to Worcester 38 miles. Estimated expense
half a million. It is expected to be complet¬
ed this year.
Santee Canal connects the Santee with the
Cooper river 30 miles above Charleston.—
Length 22 miles.
Much of the produce of North Carolina is
thus brought to Charleston. It was completed
in 1802. There are short canals on the Conga-
ree and other branches of this river, of one,
two and three miles in length, and others have
been commenced.
Tennessee and Alabama Canal is designed
to connect the Tennessee river yrith the Ala-
APPENDIX.
135
bama. It is to commence at the mouth of the
Highwassee river and proceed to the Connes-
auga, one principal branch of the Oostenaula,
and thence on through the rivers to Mobile,
the mouth of the Alabama.
Savannah, Ogeechee and Jllatamaha Canal.
(See in Gazetteer.)
Ohio and Erie Canal is to commence at the
tnouth of the Scioto on the Ohio, and through
the Scioto and other streams to Cleaveland on
Lake Erie. This was commenced on the 4th
July, 1825, and about 50 miles on the northern
section is completed. Whole length, with the
improved navigation of the rivers, 260 miles.
This canal will bear on its bosom into the Mis¬
sissippi tons of produce, which would other¬
wise have gone via Buffaloe to New York.
Ohio and Mad river Canal commences near
Dayton in Ohio, on the Mad river, 52 miles N.
of Cincinnati, and proceeds near the Miami
river into the Ohio at Cincinnati. This is to
be completed next year. It is to be proposed
hereafter to extend this canal from Dayton
north to Lake Erie. The length of the whole
from Cincinnati to Lake Erie is 290 miles, and
the estimated cost $3,221,000.
The Board of Public Works of Georgia de¬
sign to cut a canal from the Tennessee to
some navigable river in Georgia, which dis¬
charges its waters into the Atlantic. This
Board directed also a transverse canal from the
Chattahoochee to the central one, and so on to
136
APPENDIX.
the Savannah river. The chief Engineer has
surveyed the route from the Flint river to
Augusta, and recommends a rail way of pine
timber, rather than a canal. The cost is esti¬
mated at a little less than half a million.
At its session this year, the Legislature
abolished this board, and passed an act autho¬
rizing the improvement of the navigation of the
Alatamaha, Oconee, Ocmulgee, Savannah,
Chattahoochee and Ogeechee rivers, and ap¬
propriated for this purpose $120,000.
Kingston and Montreal Canal. The Brit¬
ish Government contemplate uniting the N.
E. extremity of Lake Ontario at Kingston,
with the Ottaway river, which flows into the
St. Lawrence near Montreal. Distance near
200 miles.
The Legislature of this state passed an act
in 1825, authorizing a canal to connect th®
Atlantic with the Gulph of Mexico. Whe¬
ther they intend to use the St. Marys and Su-
waney rivers, is not known. No survey has
yet been commenced.
Welland Canal.—The Welland Canal en¬
ters Lake Erie at the Grand river, 48 miles
from Buffalo, and Lake Ontario, at twelve
mile creek. It is 38 miles in length; has 11
feet depth of water; 30 locks, of 12 feet lift
each, and 160 feet by 34 in the clear; If
miles deep cutting, averaging from 44 to 56
feet, is one half finished, and will be complet¬
ed, in all probability, in 1827.
APPENDIX.
The incorporation is from the British gov¬
ernment, to a private company; capital
$900,000; but has been increased by a sub¬
sequent law to $1,000,000.
When this canal is finished, vessels will
pass o» its waters, carrying 160 to 200 tons;
and it will open a free and uninterrupted navi¬
gation, from Chicago, at the foot of Lake
Michigan, its whole extent, and also through
Lake Huron, St. Clair and Erie, to Oswego,
on Lake Ontario; from whence to Syracuse
o» the Erie canal, a canal is now cutting, and
is nearly completed, connecting Lake Ontario
with the Erie canal.
One further operation only is wanted: the
opening and improving the Illinois river, from
Chicago, for about 50 miles, at a cost not to
exceed half a million of dollars, and we shall
have an uninterrupted inland navigation, by
steam boats, canal boats, and lake vessels,
from New York to the Rocky Mountains, a
distance not less than ten thousand miles.
Jltlantic and Pacific Canal. The contem¬
plated route of this canal commences at the
mouth of the river St. John, or Juan, and pro¬
ceeds up that river to Lake Nicaragua, from
the western extremity of which, a canal of
about 17 miles in length and requiring a lock¬
age of 200 feet, must be cut to the Pacific.
The government of Central America, on the
37th June last, granted the privilege of exe¬
cuting this important work to A. H. Palmer,
138
APPENDIX,
Esq. of the U. States, who was to commence
in the fall with 6000 workmen from this coun¬
try, and is to complete it in 18 months. The
river Juan, issuing out of the eastern part of
Lake Nicaragua, is more than 100 miles long
and flows into the Carribbean sea, just above
the 10° N. L. The Lake Nicaragua is also
more than 100 miles in length; so that the pas¬
sage including the 17 miles of canal, will be
about 250 miles. The canal is to be of di¬
mensions suitable for a ship to pass, and the
company who have contracted, are to have
the right, of toll and of navigation for 20 years.
Cost not yet ascertained.
N. B. For the substance of some of these
articles the author is indebted to Morse's
Pocket Gazetteer of the U. S. a valuable
travelling companion.
no. 6.
Provincialisms. The following list is. not
inserted, because we are the only people who
coin and use words without regard to accura¬
cy; but with the hope that seeing them prin¬
ted, we shall forbear to drag them into service.
It will be seen by reference that many of our
provincialisms are borrowed from England.
There is no section of country, but has more
or less of them.
APPENDIX,.
139
Thislong, or that long, for
so long.
This far, for so far.
Tote, for-carry, bear.
for brought up,
educated.
Smart chance, for good
deal, large quantity,
large company, great
number.
Reckon, for presume, or
suppose.
Disremember, for forget,
want of recollection.
Monstrous, for very, as
monstrous great.
Mighty, for very, asmigh-
ty well, &c.
Proud, for glad, as I should
be proud to see you.
May be he cant, for an af¬
firmation that one can
do, or perform a thing.
Whole heap, for many, se¬
veral, much, large con¬
gregation.
Misery, for pain, as mise¬
ry in my head.
Done said it, 'for has said
it.
Done did it, for has per¬
formed, or done it.
Pleasantry, for pleasure.
Et, for ate.
Fauch, for fetch, or
bring.
Holpe, for help,
Beast, or crittur, for
horse.
Go by, for call, or stop at.
Truck, for medicine.
Truck, for produce, cloth,
or almost any thing.
Like I do, for as I do.
Onct, for once.
Scrouge, for crowd.
Tight scrouging, for diffi¬
cult.
Right good, for very good.
Get shut of, for get rid
of.
Mout, for might.
Per tend. up, for better,
more cheerful.
Wrench, for rinse.
Erroneous Pronunciations.
Maracle, for Miracle.
Presbattery, for Presbyte¬
ry.
Impotent, for important.
Jemes, for James.
Tower, for tour pr. toor.
jllabam, for Alabama.
Kaintuc, for Kentucky.
Marci, for Mercy,
Sarment, for Sermon,
Textes, for Texts.
Oxerts, for Oxen.
Ruff, for roof.
Starrs, for Stairs.
Bar, for bear.
Stare, for Star.
Drownded*for Drowned,
140
appendix*
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE
or the
GOVERNORS OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA.
Names of Governors.
James Edward Oglethorpe
WilliairiStephens,act.Gov.
Henry Parker, act. Gov.
John Reynolds [1]
Henry Ellis
James Wright
James H abersham,act. Gov.
Wra. Erwin, [2]
Archibald Bulloch [3]
Button Gwinnett
John A. Treuilen [4]
John Houston
John Werriatt [5]
George Walton
Richard Howley
Stephen Heard
Nathan Brownson
John Martin
Lyman Hall
John. Houston
Elected.
July 15
July 11
April 8
Oct. 1
Feb. 16
Oct.31
July 2
June22
Jan.20
Feb. 22
May 8
Jan. 8
Dec. 29
^ov. 4
Jan. 7
Jan. T
Aug. 15
Jan. 8
" 9
" 9
1732
1743
1751
1754
1757
1760
1771
1775
1776
1777
1777
1778
1778
1779
1780
1781
1781
1782
1783
1784
TimeExpir,
June 9
April 8
Oct. 1
Feb.15
Oct 3i
July 11
Feb. 11
Jan. 20
Feb. 22
May 8
Jan. 8
Dec.29
Nov. 4
Jan. 7
" 7
Aug 15
Jan. 8
" 9
" 9
" 14
[1] Governor under the Crown .of Great Britain.
[2] President of the Council of Safety under the
American Government.
[3] President of the Prov. Council. ,
[4] Governor under the New Constitution.
J5] President of the Executive Council,
APPENDIX.
141
Names of Governors.
Elected.
TimtExpir.
Samuel Elbert
Jan.14
1785
Jan. 9
1786
Edward Telfair
" 9
1786
" 9
1787
George Matthews
" 9
1787
" 25
1788
George Handly
" 25
1788
" 7
17s9
George Walton
11 y
1789
Nov. 9
1790.
Edward Telfair
Nov. 9
1790
5» y
1793
George Matthews
11
1793
Jan.15
1796
Jared Irwin
Jan.15
1796
" 12
1798
James Jackson
" 12
1898
Mar. 3
1801
David Emanuel
[6]
Mar. 3
1801
Nov. 7
1801
Josiah Tatnall
Nov. 7
1801
)> y
1802
John Milledge
" -7
1802
Sep. 3
1806
Jared Irwin, Pr'st Senate
Sep. 22
1806
Nov. 7
1806
Jared Irwin
Nov. 7
1806
" 9
1809
David B. Mitchell
" 9
1809
" 13
<813
Peter Early
11
1813
11
1815
David B. Mitchell
11
1815
Mar. 4
1817
Wm. Rabun
[71
Mar. 4
1817
Nov.
1817
Win, Rabun
Nov.
1817
Oct. 28
18J9
Matthew Talbot
18]
Oct. 28
1819
Nov.13
1819
John Clarke
Nov.13
1819
Nov.
1823
George M. Troup
11
1823
[6] President of the Senate.
[7] President of the Senate, Governor ad interim.
[S] President of the Senate, Governor ad interim.
This was prepared by Dr. Boy kin of Milledgevillc,
APPENDIX. U3
AS no work of this kind has hither*
been published concerning the State,
and as many of the settlements, creeks,
&c. exist only in the knowledge of the
few who live contiguous to them, a
perfect work at first is not to be ex¬
pected. The author has travelled many
miles, conversed with many hundred
persons, examined many records, and
labored many months to procure ma¬
terials for the preceding pages imper¬
fect as they may be 5 and should he
have contributed in any degree to make
known to his fellow citizens the con¬
dition and rich resources of the State,
his expectations will be gratified. A
small edition only will be printed, and
should it meet a favorable reception
from the public, it is intended, to revise
and enlarge it, and render it more de¬
serving of patronage.
FZSTXS'