WILBERFORCE
UNIVERSITY *
CATALOGUE
1907-1908
♦
WILBERFORCE. OHIO
Manuscript, Archives,
and Rare Book Library
EMORY UNIVERSITY
I
The ANNUAL CATALOGUE of
OTtlberfom UtttoerSttp
1907=1908
WILBERFORCE, OHIO
4
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
CALENDAR
1907
Summer Vacation, June 20 to September 3.
Fall Term, College and N. & I. Dept., begi.is Tues. Sept. 3.
Fall Term, Payne Theological Seminary, begins Tues. Oct. 1.
Fall Term Examinations, begin Tuesday, November 26.
Winter Term, begins Tuesday, December 3.
Winter Vacation, December 21, 1907 to January 7, 1908,
1908
Winter Term Examinations, begin, Tuesday, March 3.
Spring Vacation, March 7 to 17.
Spring Term, begins, Tuesday, March 17.
Final Examinations, begin, June 9.
University Year closes, Thursday, June iS.
Special Occasions
Meeting of N. & I. Board, Thursday, June 20, 1907.
Organization of Executive Board, Wednesday. July 3.
Statutory Meeting of N. & I. Board Thursday, November 7.
Thanksgiving, Thursday, November 28.
Day of Prayer for Colleges, Thursday, January 23, 1908.
Founders' Da}-, Monday February 24.
N. B.—College & C. N. & I Dept., will open Sept. 1, 1908.
Theological Dept. opens October 6, 1908.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
5
FORTY-FIFTH ANNUAL COMMENCEMENT
June 13-20, 1907
Annual Address to the Religious Societies,
Thursday, June 13, 7:30 p. m.
Prof. M.J. Gilliam, A. B., Buxton, Iowa.
Joint Anniversary of the Literary Societies.
Friday, June 14, 7:30 p. m.
Baccalaureate Sermon, Sunday, June 16, 10:30 a. m.
President Joshua H. Jones, A. M., D. D., Wilberforce, Ohio.
Annual Sermon, Payne Theological Graduates,
Sunday, June 16, 3 p. m.
Bishop Abram Grant, Kansas City, Kansas.
Annual Sermon, University, Sunday, June 16, 7:30?. m.
Chaplain T. G. Steward, D. D., Wilberforce, Ohio.
Annual Address to Literary Societies,
Monday, June 17, 7:30 p. m.
General A. S. Daggett, Stamford, Conn.
Annual Session of University Trustee Board,
Tuesday, June 18, 10 a. m.
Annual Rhetoricals and Prize Contest,
Tuesday, June 18, 7:30 p. m.
Dedication of Carnegie Library, Address, Bishop E. Tyree
Wednesday, June 19, 9 a. m.
Concert, Department of Vocal and Instrumental Music,
Wednesday, June 19, 10:30 a. ivr.
Class Day Exercises Wednesday, June 19, 3 p. m.
Annual Alumni Meeting and Address,
Wednesday, June ig, 7:30 p. m.
Rev. R. R. Wright, Jr., A. M.
Graduating Exercises and Address,
Thursday, June 20, 10 a. m.
Senator J. B. Foraker, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Industrial Exhibit in Arnett and Galloway Halls,
Thursday, June 20, 1 p. m.
Sacred Op?ra " Belshazzar," in Galloway Hall,
Thursday, June 20, 7:30 p. m.
History
On September 21, 1844, a committee was appointed in the
Ohio Conference of the A. M. E. Church to select a site for a
seminary of learning. One hundred and seventy-two acres,
twelve miles west of Columbus, were purchased and Union
Seminary was projected.
On Sept,28, 1853, the Cincinnati Conference of the M. E.
Church selected a committee which recommended "''the estab¬
lishment of a "literary institution of high order for the education
of colored people generally;" and in May, 1856, "Tawawa
Springs," a beautiful summer resort in Green Co. Ohio, was
purchased, and Wilberforce University had location. By con¬
current action, the M. E, and the A. M. E. Conferences of
Ohio entered into co-operation for the success of the University.
It was incorporated Aug. 30, 1856, and a board of twenty-four
trustees selected, including Gov. Salmon P. Chase, President
H. S. Rust, Ashland Keith, of the colored Baptist denomination,
and Bishop D. A. Payne; and the broad principle adopted that
there should never be any distinction among the trustees, facul¬
ty or students on account of race or color.
The University began its work in Oct., 1856, under Rev.
M. P. Gaddis, as Principal. He was succeeded by Prof. James
K. Parker, and he by Dr. Richard S. Rust, the first President
During the first epoch, which terminated with the Civil War,
the number of students, largely the children of southern plan¬
ters, varied from seventy to a hundred. Revivals were ex¬
perienced, and commendable progress made in literary culture.
The war closed the school, and the M. E. Church withdrew
from the field.
On March 10, 1863, Bishop D. A. Payne purchased the
property for $10,000, and associated with himself Rev. James
A. Shorter and Prof. John G. Mitchell. In the re-organization
«of the University, Bishop Payne became President.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
9
The Union Seminary property was sold, and proceeds,
faculty, and pupils merged into the larger enterprise. On the
•day that Lincoln was assassinated, the main building was burned
and the growing work checked. But the heroic founder and
liis associates redoubled their efforts. Congress, in 1870, appro¬
priated $25,000; Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase bequeathed $10-
000; the Chase Avery estate added $10,000, and the American
Unitarian Association gave for lectures $6,000. During this
administration, $92,875 was the aggregate of receipts from al
sources, including loans, funds returned to the treasury, etc.,
and the registration of students reached 1553, an average of 113.
For 13 years Bishop Payne presided over the affairs of the
University. He called to his aid such instructors as Dr. Wm.
Kent, of England; Prof. T. E. Suliot,of Edinburgh, Scotland;
Dr. John G. Mitchell, of Oberlin; Prof. W. B. Adams, of
Amherst; Prof. B. K. Sampson, of Oberlin; and Prof. J. P.
Shorter, of Wilberforce, Ohio. Among the ladies who rendered
valuable services were Miss Esther T. Maltby and Miss Sarah
Jane Woodson, Oberlin, Mrs. Alice M. Adams, cf Holyoke,
and Miss Mary McBride, of Oswego.
From under Bishop Payne's hands went out 26 graduates,
President Payne left his impress on every line of development.
He organized the church of the Holy Trinity, the Society of
Inquiry on Missions, and the Ladies College Aid Society, and
secured a ward museum worth $2,000.
Rev. B. F. Lee succeeded to the presidency in 1876, In
1877, Prof. W. S Scarborough, a graduate of Oberlin College,
■was appointed to the chair of Latin and Greek, and Mrs. S. C.
Bierce (now Scarborough),of Oswego Normal School,was call"
-ed to the Principalship of the Normal Department, which was
rapidly developed under her management. She was also in¬
structor in Natural Sciences, and instituted the movement, that
resulted in obtaining the present museum, for which Bishop
Payne secured the funds. Through the Missionary Department
•<of the church, the island of Haiti was brought into close rela¬
tions, and five of her sons entered upon various courses of study.
President Lee continued at the head of affairs eight years,
registering 1,179 students, an average of 147, graduating 41.
12
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
EXAMINATIONS
For admission to advance standing, candidates will be
thoroughly examined in the studies of the previous year, or
their equivalents.
At the close of each term, the classes are examined in the
studies of the term. Important examinations are held at va¬
rious times throughout the term. Both oral and written exam¬
inations are held at the end of the year.
No student will be permitted to continue with his class
unless his record during the term and at the examination show
good scholarship,and reach the average required by the faculty.
LIBRARY
Carnegie Library, the gift of Mr. Andrew Carnegie,
was dedicated June 19, 1907 and thrown open for the use of
students and patrons, Sept. 1, 1907. This library contains
10,000 bound volumnesand receives weekly many of the best
current magazines.
MUSEUM
Museum Hall was fitted up in 1876 for the reception of a
Museum valued at $2,000. The Museum contains excellent
collections in Botany, Mineralogy, Paleontology, Lithology
and Zoology. The selections have been made with reference
to working value and usefulness, and afford students opportu¬
nity for scientific stud}' which can only be pursued successfully
with suitable specimens. We solicit from our friends such con¬
tributions as will add to the interests and value of our collection.
ART ROOM
The Art Room contains plaster models of statuary to the
value of $200, the gift of Rev. J. Ware, of Boston; also the
private art collections of Bishop Payne. We desire to increase
these collections and will gratefully acknowledge all gifts.
LABORATORY
The Laboratory lias been recently enlarg-ed, and is a valu¬
able auxiliary to the study of the sciences.
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
is inflexibly strict in excluding all practice tending to immoral¬
ity, and in exacting a uniform regard for order, studious hab¬
its, and the prescribed routine of duty. Wholesome regula¬
tions are instituted, designed to promote the prosperity and.
happiness of students, which will commend themselves to every
well disposed mind, and receive the cordial suppor t of every
lady and gentleman. A disposition to evade just and salutary-
rules will meet with special disapproval. In the work of in¬
struction, as well as of discipline, the aim is to inspire and in¬
crease in the student self-respect, self-control and self-devel¬
opment.
REQUIREMENTS
1. Proper observance of the Sabbath—attendance at
church, morning and evening, and Sabbath-School.
2. Bathing, and all preparation for the Sabbath, must be
faithfully attended to on Saturday.
3. Punctual attendance at chapel services, recitations
and exercises.
4. Strict observance of study hours.
5. Every student will be held responsible for all improp¬
er conduct occurring in his room and particularly accountable
for injury beyond ordinary use.
6. Every room must be accessible at all times to the
members of the faculty.
7. Students must keep their rooms in good order, and
leave them clean at the end of the term.
8. Students must rise in the morning at the ringing of
the first bell, cleanse and set their rooms in order for the day
before study hours commence.
9. Cheerful obedience to all faculty regulations.
PROHIBITIONS
1. The association with the opposite sex without permis¬
sion.
2. The use of intoxicating drinks or tobacco; personal
fire-arms or other deadly weapons without permission; games
of chance, profanity or obscenity.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
13
SCHOLARSHIPS
The late Mr. A. I. Powers, of Pottsdam, N. Y., establish¬
ed an endowment fund of two scholarships, and the late Mrs.
Mary E. Monroe endowed the Monroe scholarship. The be¬
quest of Mrs. Elizabeth T. Woodyear creates the Noah and
Elizabeth Tilloston scholarships. The Financial Board of the
A. M. E. Church maintains others. While the will of Bishop
Payne makes provisions for seven scholarships.
NEEDS
Many of the students need a helping hand to enable them
to continue their course; hundreds of letters imploring aid and
opportunity for work, that an education may be obtained, are
annually received by the President and the Secretary. Great
good would be accomplished in this direction by contributions.
While the Institution, through its officers, will do all in its
power to encourage worthy students who have little or no
means, yet it cannot promise any definite amount of work or
support, without work, for any definite number of students.
Will not our friends aid us in helping the needy and deserving
ones ?
We are in need of additional apparatus for the department
of Science and Applied Mathematics. We need funds for the
erection of dormitories. Scientific and philosophical works
that bring discovery and discussion down to the latest hour
are needed as reference-books for professors and students. It
is believed that no better investment can be made than to de¬
vote funds to the purposes mentioned.
SOCIETIES
There are maintained for and by the students the following
societies and organizations. The Sodalian, Philomathean,
Payne, and the Dodds Literary Societies. The Y. M. C. A., the
Y.W. C. A., the Y. P. S.C.E., a Missionary Society, theS.
Coleridge Taylor Orchestra ,an Athletic Association, and the
University Brass Band. There is a Ladies' College Aid Society
the oldest and one of the most helpful auxiliaries at the Univer¬
sity.
32
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
is recommended as a preparatory basis for a course in law.
While the text books indicated will be regularly studied, col¬
lateral reading will be arranged.
Terms: Instruction and use of the text books, per term,
$16.00, or $96.00 for the entire course.
MUSIC COURSE
It is the aim of this department to give its students a thor¬
ough training, not merely that they may become proficient in
playing the pianoforte, Violin, Mandolin, Guitar and Pipe
Organ, but also thoroughly versed in Harmony, Theory and
History of Music. Ensemble work is offered in this course.
Two rehearsals are held each month which give the student an
opportunity for culture in style; interpretation, and ease in
playing before others. A class in sight-reading and art of ac-
companing is conducted. A graded course extending over a
period of six years has been arranged on the completion of
which a diploma will be awarded. Each grade of the courses
will be supplemented with modern pieces of sterling merit es¬
pecially adapted to parlor performances. Those who desire to
graduate are examined and properly graded upon entrance.
Full credit for all work properly done elsewhere will be given.
Those who leave before completing the course may, on applica¬
tion, receive a certificate of their standing. Candidates for
graduation must have completed the course laid down in the
catalogue, and in addition, the work in Harmony, Theory, and
History of Music and literary training, the equivalent of that
afforded by high schools is required.
First Year—Emery,Foundation Studies Koehler. op.
249. Plaidy, Technics. Major scales, three and four octaves,
Mason's two-finger technics. Koehler, op. 151. Spindler, op.
131. Major scales, four octaves.
Second Year—Bertini, op. 100. Helier, op. 46.
Krause, op. 2. Koehler, op. 50. Major scales, five octaves.
Minor scales, five octaves. Minor scales, four octaves. Par¬
allel motion.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
3*
to illustrate the principles of grammar. The writing of Latin
is kept up throughout the course. A text book in Prose Com¬
position is introduced in the third year (Middle Academic),
The sixth year (Junior College) is elective with German. The
Roman method of pronunciation is used. Reading at sight is
made an object throughout the course.
William S. Scarborough,
Professor of Ancient Languages.
HISTORY
The Department of History aims to meet the condition
of the student on entering and lead him to a general knowledge
of ancient and modern history, employing both text books
and lectures. The work done consists of two courses; one in
general history including both ancient and modern occupying
one years time; the other special, and dealing with English and
American history also occupying one year. The former is open
to all Freshmen, the latter to all Sophomore students. Other
students prepared to do the work of the Department may also
be admitted on application.
T. G. Steward,
Professor of History.
LAW COURSE
Text Books
First Year—Walker's Introduction to American Law,
Blackstone's Commentaries, Kent's Commentaries, Smith on
Contracts, Greenleaf on Evidence.
Second Year—Gould's pleadings, Bliss on Code Plead¬
ing, Edward on Bliss and Promissory Notes, Williams on Real
Property, Hillard on Torts, Hilcomb's Equity, Becaria on
Crime, Story on the Constitution, Lectures, Moot Courts.
Applicants, before admission to the course, will be required
to pass a satisfactory examination in English studies. A
knowledge of Latin is desired. A Classical or Scientific Course
3°
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Odyssey, i c Thueydides. 2 a Euripides and Sophocles, Greek
Tragedy. 2 b Plato, Apology and Crito. 2 C Herodotus. 3 a
Demosthenes, De Corona. 3 b Aristophanes, Greek Comedy.
3 c Pindar.
The history, Literature and Mythology of the Gitefej art
kept up by weekly recitations, brief text-books in eao\ being
in the hands of the student, by lectures and by the preparation
of theses. After two terms in the First Greek Book select
readings are introduced in the third term, some to be read at
sight and all to illustrate the grammar, which is here taken
up. The Hellenica of Xenophon is the chief source of the se¬
lections made. In the second year the Anabasis is made to il¬
lustrate the principles in grammar. A text book in Prose Com¬
position is introduced in the fourth year (Freshman College)
but throughout the course, attention is given to translation
from English to Greek. I11 the spring term of the Freshman
year, New Testament is now elective with, Thueydides. The
sixth year (Junior College) is now elective with French.
Latin
Academic: i a First Latin Book.. 1 b First Latin Book-.
1 c Latin Reading, Grammar. 2 a Caesar, Gallic War. 2 b
Caesar. 2 c Cicero, Orations. 3 a Cicero. 3 b Virgil, ^Eneid.
3 c Virgil.
College Proper : 1 a Livy. 1 b De Senectute et De
Amicitia. 1 c Horace, Odes and Epodes. 2 a Horace, Satires
and Epistles. 2 b Pliny or Cicero, Selected Letters. 2 c Plau-
tus, Latin Comedy. 3 a Tacitus, Agricola and Germania,
3 b Quintillian. 3 c Lucretius or Catullus.
The History, Mythology and Literature of the Latin are
kept up by weekly recitations—brief text books are in the
hands of each student—by lectures and the preparation of the¬
ses. After two terms in the First Latin Book, select readings
are introduced in the third term, some to be read at sight, and
all to illustrate the grammar, which is here formally taken up.
The Viri Romae is used among other sources for selections.
In the second year Gallic Commentaries of Caesar are made up
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
29
text book is used merely as a text book. When necessary,
•additional problems are given or the demonstrations in the text
are discarded. The student learns early to criticize his own
statements, those of his classmates; the teacher and the text.
In this manner accurate, concise, progressive statements are
secured.
Arithmeticextends through the English Preparatory work.
Algebra covers two years. The first year completes the work
to quadratics. In College Algebra the first term reviews to quad¬
ratics; the second and third complete the book.
The solution of propositions in Geometry requires a clear
conception of definitions, of what is given and what is required.
Neither careless statements nor carelessly drawn figures are
accepted. -Originality is developed by the solution of original
propositions.
The study of Trigonometry requires a good knowledge of
Geometry, Algebra and Logarithms. The trigonometric func¬
tions are taught b\r projections. The generality of each form¬
ula is emphazied. Identities receive much attention. The
idea of directed lines is enlarged. In surveying, fields are
surveyed, plotted and the areas computed. The department is
in need of some first class instruments.
Analytic Geometry and the Calculus are being introduced
for the first time and much can not be said concerning them.
Caution. Students to do the best work in this depart¬
ment must be here at the opening of the school year. A month
late cripples the work of the entire year.
Earl E. Finch,
Professor of Mathematics.
CLASSICS
Greek
Academic: i a First Greek Book, 1 b First Greek
Book. 1 c Greek, readings, Grammar. 2 a Xenophon, Anab¬
asis. 2 k Xenophon, Anabasis. 2 c Homer, Iliad.
College Proper : 1 a Xenophon, Memorabilia. 1 b Homer,
28
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
SENIOR YEAR
First Terni: Astronomy, Young. Mental Philosophy (3).-.
Ethics (2). History of Civilization, Guizot. Elective. History,
Second Term: Astronomy. Geology, including Miner¬
alogy, Dana (J'2 term). Mental Philosophy (3). Ethics (2).
Bible. Elective. History II.
Third Term: Geology. Bible. Elective^. Hisiory II. Ad"
vanced French and German are offered those who wish to pi:: sue
the study of Literature farther than the prescribed courses.
B. H. GRHKN,
Instructor in French.
SUBJECTS of STUDY
Science
The aim of this course is to give the student a knowledge
of natural science that will be a basis for extensive study in
any subject. The laboraio.y method is used with each branch.
I11 Physics the lectures, experiments and study are in mech¬
anics, heat, light, sound, electricity and the application of the
last. Variousworks are used. For the study of Botany hun¬
dreds of herbarium specimens from Europe and North and
South America are available to the student. The vicinity is-
especially rich in plant life of hill, meadow, riverside and
marsh. In Chemistry the work is confined to principles, experi¬
ments in general chemistry and qualitative analysis. The Mu¬
seum offers special advantages in studying Mineralogy,
Paleontology, Lithology and Zoology. The laboratory practice-
of the last subject includes the stud}' in the dissecting-room of
the vital parts of animals.
B. H. GKKKN,
Professor of Natural Sciences.
Mathematics
The aim of this department is two-fold: to teach the why
and the how. Principle is never sacrificed for brevity. The
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
27
CLASSICAL COURSE
FRESHMAN YEAR
First Term: Latin, Livy, Second Punic War. Prose
Composition. Greek, Memorabilia. Prose Composition.
"Plane Trigonometry, Went worth. Zoology, Dodge.
Second Term: Latin, Cicero, De Senectute et De Amic-
iitia. Greek Odyessey, with lectures 011 the Homeric Questions,
Merry's edition. Greek and Latin prose composition. Spher¬
ical Trigonometry. Zoology.
Third Term: Latin, Horace, Odes and Epodes, with lect¬
ures 011 Latin poets and poetry. Prose Composition. Greek,
-.selections from Thucydides. Greek and Latin Composition,
-■with a comparative study of the two languages. New Testament,
(■elective. Surveying. Zoology.
SOPHOMORE YEAR
First Term: Latin, Horace's Satires and Epistles, with
-( Original essays and discussions by the class. Greek, Euripides
,;-and Sophocles, one play with each lecture. Chemistry, Rem-
-sen. Analytic Geometry, Tanner & Allen.
Second Term: Latin, Selected Letters of Pliny or Cicero
-•with lectures on Roman manners, customs and private life.
'•Greek, Plato or Aristotle, with lectures on Greek Philosophy
-and discussion by the class. Chemistry. Analj'tic Geometry,
Tanner & Allen.
Third Term: Latin Plautus, Captive, with lectures on the
< development of Latin comedy. Rapid Reading. Greek, Hero-
< dot us with lectures on the Greek dialect. Chemistry. Analy¬
tic Geometry. English Literature, Selected Readings.
JUNIOR YEAR
First Term: Latin, Tacitus, Germaniaand Agricola (elec¬
tive with German). Greek, Demosthenes, De Corona (elect¬
ive with French). Political Economy. Advanced Physics,
■Olmsted, revised by Sheldon. History II.
Second Term: Latin, Quintillian, Book X (elective with
-German). Greek, Aristophanes (elective with French). Pol¬
itical Economy. Advanced Physics. History II.
Third Term: Latin, Lucretius or Catullus (elective with
'"German), Greek. Pindar (elective with French). Advanc¬
ed Physics. Logic. History II.
26
AX NU AL CATALOGUE
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
Scientific Course
FRESHMAN YEAR
First Term: Plane Trigonometry, Wentworth. Biology.
German. French, L,e Cid, Corneille, Coppee's Tales.
Conversation. History I.
Second Term: Spherical Trigonometry, Wentworth. Zoo¬
logy Dodge. German. French, Hernani (Hugo), Andro-
maque (Racine). Conversation. History I.
Third Term: Surveying, Robbins. Zoology, Dodge.
German, Seminar. French, La Debacle, Zola, Collateral Read"
ing, Conversation. History I.
SOPHOMORE YEAR
First Term: Analytic Geometry, Tanner and Allen, Chem¬
istry, Remsen. English Literature, Painter. Elective in
Language.
Second Term: Analytic Geometry. Chemistry. English
Literature, Elective in Language.
Third Term: Solid Analytic Geometry. Analytical
Chemistry. English Literature, Selected Readings. Elective
in Language.
JUNIOR YEAR
First Term: Differential Calculus, Snyder & Hutchison.
Advanced Physics, Olmsted (revised by Sheldon). Political
Economy, Walker. Anthropology, Taylor. History II.
Second Term: Differential Calculus. Advanced Physics.
Political Economy. Anthropology. Elective in Language.
History II.
Third Term: Integral Calculus, Snyder and Hutchinson.
Advanced Physics. Logic. Elementary Sociology.History II.
SENIOR YEAR
First Term: Astronomy, Young. Mental Philosophy (3)
Ethics (2). History of Civilization, Guizot. Elective. History.
Second Term: Astronomy (^ term). Geology and
Mineralogy, Dana (j/a). Mental Philosophy (3). Ethics (2).
Bible. Elective. History II.
Third Term: Geology. Bible. Electives. History II.
WILIBERFORCE I'XI YERSITY
Sketch ot Schiller's Life. Beginning French, Muzzarelli.
English : Rhetoric and Composition, Fortnightly Themes
(2), Tennyson's Idylls of the King, Coming of Arthur. Passing
of Arthur, Lancelot and Elaine (3). Music. History I. (3).
Second Term : Latin, Virgil's Aeneid. Greek, Xeno-
phon's Anabasis. Kelsey's Mythology. College Algebra.
German, Hermann and Dorothse, Wiklenbruch. French,
Grammar and Reader. Physics. English : Rhetoric and
Composition, Fortnightly Themes (2). Milton's L'Allegro,
Lowell's Democracy, Lincoln's Gettysburg Speech (2). Music.
History I. (3\
Third Term: Latin, Virgil's Aeneid. Kelsey's Myth¬
ology. Greek, Homer's Iliad. German, Die Harzreise.
French, Grammar and Collateral Reading. College Algebra.
Physics. English : Rhetoric and Composition, Fortnightly
Themes (2), Macbeth and Macaulay's Essay on Addison (3).
Music. History I (3).
SKNIOK YKAR.
Political Economy. Mental Philosophy. Ethics. Electives,
not less than two throughout the year. Music. History I (3 ).
fThe figures in parentheses refer to the number of recitations a week.
Composition and Rhetoricals throughout all Literary Courses.
* (a; Any person wishing: to graduate from the Academic Course and receive di¬
ploma must complete the four years work, b) Any person desiring to take the Class¬
ical or the Scientific Course must Complete the first three years.
Any person desiring to take the Classical Course must compute three years of
Latin and two years of Greek. Any person desiring to take the Scientific Course
must complete two years of Latin, two years of German and one year of l-'rench.
All College students must take vocal music until regularly excused.
mi
4'
24
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
ACADEMIC COURSE
JUNIOR YEAR.
First Term : Latin, First Year Latin, Collar and
Daniel. Pennel's Roman History. General History, Myers.
Algebra, Well's Essentials. English : Rhetoric, Hill (3).
Grammar (2). Music.
Second Term : Latin, First Year Latin Book. Roman
History. General History (^ term). Botany, Gray, ( ^ term)
English : Rhetoric (3), Lady of the Lake, Scott (2). Music(2)
Third Term : Latin Reading and Grammar. Roman
History. Algebra. litany (Herbarium, Nelson). English:
Rhetoric (3), Kingsley's Greek Heroes, Selections from Ad¬
dison's Spectator (2). Music.
JUNIOR MIDDLE YEAR.
First Term : Latin, Caesar. Bender's Roman Literature,
Greek, White's First Greek Book. Pennel's Greek History.
German Grammar, Dueer. German Reader, Gluck Auf.
German Composition. Plane Geometry, Wentworth's..
English: Rhetoric and Composition (3). Lay of the Last
Minstrel, Scott (2). Music.
Second Term: Latin, Caesar, Roman Literature. Greek,
First Greek Book. Greek History. Plane Geometry. Ger¬
man Grammar. German Reader, Immensee. German Com¬
position. English : Rhetoric and Composition^), Silas Marr.er,
George Eliot (2). Music.
Third Term : Latin, Cicero's Orations, Roman Literature,
Greek, Readings and Grammar. Greek History. German
Grammar. German Reader, Germelshausen and Schiller's
William Tell. German Composition. Sol id Geometry, English:
Rhetoric and Composition (3), Merchant of Venice and Ivan-
hoe (2). Music.
MIDDLE YEAR.
First Term : Latin, Cicero's Orations, Latin Composi¬
tion, Collar. Greek, Xenophon's Anabasis. Algebra, Wells'
College. Physics, Wentworth and Hill. German. Review
Grammar, German Play, Minna von Barnhelm, Lessing,
WII, H E R F O R C K UNIVERSITY
23
ENGLISH PREPARATORY
Course of Study
First Term: Reading and Orthography, McGuffey's
Fifth. Arithmetic, mental and written, Smith, Chapters 1-9.
English Grammar, Metcalf, Part 1. Geography, Frye's Com¬
plete. Writing, Vertical, (2). f Music (2).
Second Term: Reading and Orthography, McGuffey's
Fifih. Arithmetic, mental and written, Smith. English
Grammar, Metcalf. Geography, Frye's Complete. Writing
(2). Music (2).
Third Term: Reading and Orthography. McGuffey's
Fifth. Arithmetic, mental and written, Smith. English
Grammar, Metcalf. Geography, Frye's Complete. Writing
^ 2 ). Music (2).
SECOND YEAR
First Term: Reading and Orthography, McGuffey's
Sixth. Arithmetic, Smith, Chapters 11 -14. English Gram¬
mar, Metcalf, Pari 11. U. S. History, Barnes. Drawing.
Prang (2). Writing (2 j. Music (2).
Second Term: Reading and Orthography, McGuffey's
Sixth. Arithmetic. English Grammar, Metcalf. U. S. His¬
tory, Barnes. Drawing, Prang (2) Writing (2) Music (2).
Third Term: Reading and Orthography, McGuffey's
Sixth. Arithmetic. English Grammar, Metcalf. U. S.
tory, iiarnes. Drawing, Prang (2). Writing (2). Music;-'/.
THIRD YEAR
First Term: Arithmetic, Hobbs. English Grammar,
Metcalf, review Parts 1 &. 11. Elocution, Shoemaker. Physi¬
ology, Blaisdell. Diawing, Prang's Shorter Course (2).
Music i 2).
Second Term: Arithmetic, Hobbs. English Grammar,
Metcalf, Part iii. Elocution. Physiology, Blaisdell
term). Physical Geography, Davis (14 term). Drawing,
Prany (2 ,>. Music (2).
Third Term: Arithmetic. English Grammar, _ Metcalf,
Supplementary Work. Physical Geography, Davis. Civil
Government, Thorpe. Drawing, Prang ( 2 ). Music (2).
22
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
Faculty
Rev. Joshua H. Jones, A. M., D.D.,President,
Professor of Intellectual Philosophy and Logic.
William S. Scarborough, A. M., LL. D., Ph. D.,
Vice-President, Professor of Ancient Languages.
Karl E. Finch, A. B.,
Professor of Mathemathics.
Bruce H. Green, Ph. B.,
Professor of Science and Lnstrudor in German and French.
Edward A. Clarke, A. M.,
Professor of English and Instructor i?i Physical Science.
Frances A. Lee, A. B.,
Instructor in Ancient Languages and French.
A. W. Asbury,
Librarian.
Campbell L. Maxwell, D. C. L.,
Dean of Law Department.
William F. Trader, LL. B.,
Professor of Law.
C. E. Stewart,
Teacher of Instumental Music.
ist. Lieut. B. O. Davis,
Professor of Military Science and Tactics by appointment of the
President of the United States.
Chap. T. G. Steward,
Professor of History.
Mrs. S. T. Mitchell,
Matron.
Officers
Rev. Horace Talbert,
Secretary.
James P Maxwell,
Treasurer.
Clyde YVinslow,
Secretary to President.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
21
Joseph P. Shortkr, A. M.,
Superintendent, C. N. and I. Department.
Sarah Bierck Scarborough. M. Ph.,
PrincipalNormal Department, P> o/essor of Pedagogics and
Literature.
R. C. Bundy, 13. S-, M. E.
Instructor in Mechanical Drazving.
George T. Simpson,
Instructor in Vocal Music and I 'oice Culture.
Charles H. Johnson,
Instructor in Drawing.
Charles S. Smith,
Instructor in Shorthand and Typewriting Courses.
William B. Bush, IX- B.
Instructor in Bookkeeping.
Frederick A. McGinnis,
Instructor in Printing.
Julia C. Gee,
Instructor in Plain Sewing and Dressmaking.
Minnie P. Maxwell,
Instructor in Cooking.
Walter Smith,
Instructor in Carpentry and Cabinet Work.
Wheeler A. Brooks,
Instructor in Plumbing.
S. Grant,
Instructor in Tailoring.
Wm. M. I-Iunnicutt,
Instructor in Shoemaking.
Minnie Battles,
Instructor in Millinery.
T. C, Davis.
Instructor in Blacksmithing.
Mrs. Martha E. Carter,
Matron of Arne't Hall.
20
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
GENERAL FACULTY
Rev. Joshua H. Jones, A. M., D. D., President,
Professor of Intellectual Philosophy and Logic.
William S. Scarborough, A. \I., LL. D., Ph. D.,
Vice-President, Professor of Ancient Languages.
Earl K. Finch, A. B.,
Professor of Mathematics.
Bruce H. Green, Ph. B.,
Professor of Science and Instructor in German and French.
Edward A. Clarke, A. M.,
Professor of English and histructor in Physical Science.
Frances A. Lee, A. B.,
Instructor in Ancient Languages and French.
A. W. Asbury,
Librarian.
Campbell L. Maxwell, D. C. L.,
Dean of Law Department.
Willram F. Trader, LL. B.,
Professor of Law.
Chas. E. Stewart,
Teacher of Instrumental Music.
ist. Lieut. B. O Davis,
Professor of Military Science and Tactics by appointment of the
President of the United States.
Chap. T. G. Steward,
Professor of History.
Mrs. S. T. Mitchell,
Matron of Shorter Hall.
Rev. George F. Woodson, D. D.,
Dean, Theology Department, Professor of Systematic 7heoUgy
and New Testament Greek.
Rev. A. W. Thomas, S. T. B.,
Professor of He font' and Introduction.
wieberforce university
19
Academic, Normal, and Business.
Music, Instrmental
Tuition in Industrial Department
Room-rent
Fuel and incidentals
BOARD
Table board can be obtained tor $1.75 per week in the
University Dining Halls tvlikh are under the supervision of
Matrons. Young ladies boarding- in Arnett Hall or Shorter
Hall are under the direction of the Matrons. Rates $1.75 per
week; $2.00 entrance fee. It is our object to make these halls,
not only a means of economy, but an effectual source of cult¬
ure. Board must be paid in advance, weekly or monthly,
as desired.
SUMMARY
Tuition per school year,.,.- $ 28 50
Room-rent per school year 9 00
Fuel per school year.... 6 00
Board per school .year 73 50
Total......... $117 00
Tuition, and incidentals and room-rent must be paid i^i
'advance. No one will be permitted to recite until these bills
are settled. Experience reccommends that all money for such
purposes be sent to the Secretary or President of the University
two weeks before the beginning of each term. The Secretary
or President will receive and care for all moneys students or
parents may wish to deposit. We cannot be responsible for
losses unless this is done.
N. B. —Washing, lights, books etc., vary too much to
make an estimate, and are not included in the above statement
of expenses.
MAIL, TELEGRAMS, TELEPHONE, Etc.
All mail and other matter intended for students or profes
sors should be marked "Wilberforce. Greene County, Ohio
.9 50 per term
10 00 " "
• • 75 "
.3 00 " "
.2 00 " "
i8
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
healthfulness and beauty of the locality is unsurpassed. Its*
mineral springs are of great value.
TELEPHONE SERVICE
A tc'eph'inic connection within the University secures the
immediate transmission of all telegrams. Students and other
persons on reaching Xenia, will reduce expenses by using the
depot telephone or proceeding to the Telephone Exchange,
calling up Wilberforce, and ordering conveyances from the
University, if none is found in waiting.
RELIGIOUS INFORMATION
At 7:45 all the students assemble for Chapel service which
consists of reading a portion of the Scripture, singing a hymn,
and prayer.
All sectarianism will lie discountenanced, but assidi-
ous efforts will be made to favor and render inviolate the pro¬
fession of Christianity, and to induce those who are not truly
religious to become so. To all who are inclined to respect the
Christian religion and its institutions, the welcome hand will be
heartily extended; but to those whose influence is prejudicial
to religion and good morals, no protracted stay can be allowed;
since the success of an educational enterprise is strictly pro¬
portional to its moral and religious tone.
FURNISHINGS
Each room is furnished with bedstead, mattress, two pil¬
lows, table, and two chairs. University Hall is heated by
sLcam and O'Neill Hall and Arnett Hall by hot water. The
incidental fees include the cost of heating. Bath rooms have
been arranged on every dormitory floor. Students should
bring their own bed-clothing, towels, etc., with name marked
in full.
EXPENSES
Tuition, English Preparatory $9 50,
per term.
Tuition in Classical, Scientific,
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
i7
3- The uce or possession of any immoral books or papers.
4- Visiting each others rooms during study hours.
5. Absence from premises, or visiting families without
permission.
6. All improper conduct.
7. Cutting, marking, or in any way defacing the build¬
ings or their appurtenances.
8. Visiting the kitchen without permission.
9. Throwing water, trash, litter, or anything offensive
from the windows.
A daily account is kept of each student in a way as to af¬
ford a full exhibit of his habits in regard to regularity and
punctuality, as well as to the merit and demerit of his recitations
each day, in his several studies. A quarterly report is sent to
each parent or guardian.
All uiiexcused delinquences are registered, and when the
number amounts to three or any number less than five, the stud¬
ent is called for admonition. When it amounts to five or any
number more than five, and less than ten, notice thereof is
given to the student and to his parent or guardian. When the
number of unexcused delinquences amount to ten, he ceases to
be a member of the University. Any student who marries
while pursuing studies at the University, forfeits his member¬
ship.
Whenever the faculty is satisfied that a student is not ful¬
filling or likely to fulfill the purpose of" his residence at the
University, or is for any cause an unfk member of the same,
his parents or guardian shall be notifi-d, that they may have
opportunity to withdraw him and if no; withdrawn within a rea¬
sonable time he shall be peremptorily dismissed.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Wilberforce is three and a quarter miles northeast of Xenia
which is on the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Ry.
65 miles from Cincinnati, and 55 miles from Columbus.
Wilberforce station, at which accommodation trains stop, is
-jvithin twenty minutes walk westward to the University. The
WIEBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
3S
Third Ykar—Heller, op. 47. Heller, op 45. Back's;
Vwihltemperite Clavier. Czeruey, School of velocity, op. 299,,..
Clementi, Sonatinas, Preludes and Exercises Czerney, op.
740. Art of developing the fingers. Mozart, Sonatas. Major,
scales in .six octaves. Minor scales, six octaves. 3rds, iotlis
and 6tiis. Parallel motion.
Fourth Year—Duvernoy, op. 120. Hayden, Sonatas.
Mendelssohn, Songs without Words, Bach's two-voiced invent¬
ions. Major scales in groups of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9. Arpeggios
in all Major and Minor triads.
Fifth Yicar—Doehring, octave studies Kullak, octave
studies, op. 40. Cramer, studies. Beethoven Sonatas. Schu¬
mann, op. 94. Major scales in canon form and contrary motion
Minor scales in groups of 2, 3, 4, 6, S, 9.
SiXTH Ykar—Eoe^chorn, op. 67. Clementi, Gradus ad
Parnassum. Beethoven, sonatas. Fields, Nocturnes. Cho¬
pin, Nocturnes. Chopin, Etudes, op. 10; op. 25. Major scales
in groups of 5 and 7. Minor scales in canon form and contrary
motion, in double 31'ds and 6ths.
The course in organ playing includes the best works of 1 he-
masters. Special attention is paid to the proper pedal-play ing%
registration, accompanying and in fact all that is required of
either a church or concert organist. Before entering this de¬
partment the applicant must pass a satisfactory examination in
the first grade of the pianoforte course as laid down in this
catalogue. The entire work in Harmony and Theory is re¬
quired of all organ students. The course in Harmony and
Theory includes interval reading and writing, triad and other
chord formations, and their harmonic treatment; suspension,
anticipation, modulation, organ points, melodic invention,
choral writing, etc., all according to Richter's Manual of Har¬
mony. Special work will also be done in modulation, choral'
writing and simple counter-points. The cantus firmis is se¬
lected from the works of Bussler, Jadassohn and other masters-
Two jTearsis the time required to complete this course. Eect-
ures 011 Musical History will be given semi-weekly throughout
34
annual catalogue
the entire year. Instruction in playing the various band and
orchestra instruments are given. To those whose talent and
proficiency give sufficient evidence of their fitness, an orchestra
and a brass band afford an excellent opportunity for practice.
Terms: Tuition $8.50, per term (two lessons per week)
use of instrument, per term, $1.50.
Charles E. Stewart,
Teacher of Instrumental Music.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
35
MILTIARY DEPARTMENT
Through the influence of the Senators John Sherman and
Calvin S. Brice, Hon. George W. Hulick and others, Presi¬
dent Cleveland authorized the Secretary of War to designate
Wilberforce University as a school of military training and de¬
tailed Lieut. John Alexander as Professor of Military Science
and Tactics. His sudden decease led to the detail of a second
officer and Lieut. Charles Young, a graduate of West Point,
received such appointment. The scholastic, physical and dis¬
ciplinary advantages of such a department in addition to the
military, makes it an acquisition of exceptional value. It is to
the honor of Wilberforce that it is the first colored institution,
and as yet the only one, to receive such a favor of the general
government. The War Department has supplied arms, cannon
and equipments to the value $3,386.21 On May 23, 1895, the
first inspection was had by Capt. Heistand, the regular U. S.
military inspector, the result of which was entirely creditable
to the department. The uniforms were especially commended.
The cost of the uniforms is about $12.00 a suit made to order
and including a cap. All male students unless especially excused
take instruction and drill in this department. The University
authorities expect its students to have uniforms which can take
the place of other clothing at even less expense. Patrons are
urged to act upon this suggestion. All students are REQUI¬
RED BY THE BOARD to provide themselves with uniforms.
Theoretical—a Includes recitations in the drill regula¬
tions, supplemented by lectures on minor tactics, army organ¬
ization, administration and discipline, small arms, firing
regulations and other military subjects, b Military signal
code, c Student essay upon military subjects.
Practical—a Military drill and gymnastics, b Artill¬
ery drill maneuvers. c Target practice, d Military signaling_
B Marching, castramentation and exercises in minor tactics.
The cadets are formed into a battalion officered from their
own numbers, these officers to be chosen from those who excel
in class standing, who are most exemplary in deportment, cor-
36
ANNUAL CATALOGUK
rect m the performance of duty and military in bearing"
Special attention will be given to seeing that the cadets wear
their uniforms at all military duties, that they are obedient,
polite, orderfy and clean, as from habits thus formed must be
expected the good to be derived from military training.
During the recent hostilities between the United States and
Spain, Lieut. Young was granted a leave of absence by the war
department and was appointed Major of the Ninth Battalion,
Ohio Volunteer Infantry by Governor Bushnell. Fourteen
cadets and ex-cadets entered the Batallion with him. Messrs.
Bass, Ballad and Welch were among those promoted to lieut-
enances. The efficiency of our cade's in the regular battalion
drill was superior to any thing else in the command. Though
not called to the scene of action Lieut. Young held his position
and war, in canr,; until the war closed. Then he returned to us.
In the fall of 1899 he rejoined Iris regular regiment in anticipat¬
ion of promotion. During his absence the senior officers in rank
took command of the cadets—Capt. S. A. Hull, class of '98,
followed in turn by Capt. J. S. Coage, Class of '90, and later by
Lieut. W. P. Welch, Class of '00, who was in turn followed by
A A. Brown, Class of '02; C. M. Gaines, Class of '03; A. W.
Asbury, Class of '02. All these young men gave good ser.
vice rendering satisfaction to all concerned.
Lieut. 11. O. Davis, was detailed by the war department as
instructor of military Science and Tactics in the year 1905, and
has made a most excellent officer. Nine young men examined
by 11;e general inspecting officers having graduated from the
department and their names are on file with the War Depart¬
ment at Washington.
Note.—-Subjects for graduating thesis from all department
must be handed in by the first day of the second term of each
year.
WILBKRFO R C E UNIVERSITY
37
Department of
MILITARY SCIENCE and TACTICS
ROSTER CADET CORPS
Field y Staff
Benjamin O. Davis, ist Lieut. ioth Cavalry, U. S. Army,
Professor of Military Science Tactics and
Commandant of Cadets.
Capt. W. E. Taebert Quartermaster and Commissary
2nd.Lieut. Henry Lindsay ...Acting Adjutant
NON COMMISSIONED STAFF
L. F. Palmer Sergeant Major
Vernon Ward Color Sergeant
MUSICIANS
J. Sherman Hunnicutt
Charles W. Green
A. H. Poole
B. E. Spencer
S. J. Molema
COMPANY A.
William W. Osborne, Captain
Benj. H. Jamason, ist Lieut. Ezekiel E. Nelson, 2nd Lieut.
John Manye, 1st Sergeant,
D. E. Sondezi, 2nd Sergeant,
Walter Brewer, 3rd Sergeant,
Hazel Wallace, 4th Sergeant,
N. B. Allen, 5th Sergeant,
F. T. Lay ton, 6tli Sergeant.
CORPORALS
D. E. Rice, Patrick Ngcayiya, Randall P. Hickman
Arthur W. Willis,
ANNUAL, CATALOGUE
PRIVATES
Anderson, John
Harris, Wilbur
Ayers, Charles F.
Haywood, Arthur H,
Brown, John A.
Jordan, Pinkney
Booth, Joseph
Jones, W. F.
Belleson, S. H.
Kinner, Julius
Bryant, David A.
Lee, Clarence E.
Bell, Fred
Lott, F. D.
Dickerson, Wyne
Lawrence. Abraham
Dinsmore, E. D. S.
Owens, Henry J.
Drewry, F. A.
Ragins, Robert
Crews, J. A.
Ridgeway, Roy
Embry, Jefferson
Robinson, Gus
Elliott, Crevalia
Seganoe, M.
Flewellen, J. M.
Tankersley, J. L.
Griffith, R. L.
Wilson, J. E.
Hall, C. A. T.
Wilson, J. F.
West, S. P.
Winslow, Harry
COMPANY B.
Clarence O. Young, Captain.
C. W. A. David, 1st Lieut. N. W. Canty, 2nd Lieut,
S. W. Gwyne, 1st Sergeant,
D. K. Cherry, 2nd Sergeant.
O'niell Mitchell, 3rd Sergeant,
Carl C. Jenkins, 4th Sergeant,
S. B. King, 5th Sergeant,
E. C. Warrick, 6th Sergeant.
CORPORALS
Henry Wyatt, George Holman,
PRIVATES
Hicks, J. C.
Hargo, Everett
Henderson, R. C.
Harper, Ernest
E. K. Clarke,
Anderson, John \V.
Bur lew, John
Calliman, S. D.
Chatt, William
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY 39
Carr, W. M. Harrison, Leroy
Fant, A. A. Hopkins, H. F.
Felts, Justin Johnson, F. D.
Goins, Loyal A. Johnson, Archie
Gillespie, Lawrence Johnson, Ralph
Hill, Sidney
Lineal Rank of Officers
BENJAMIN O. DAVIS, Commandant
CAPTAINS
Clarence O. Young William W. Osborne
W. E. Talbert
1st LIEUTENANTS
Benjamin H. Jamason
Chas. W. A. David
2nd LIEUTENANTS
E- E- Nelson
N. W. Canty
Henry H. Lindsay
RECAPITULATION
Officers Enl. Men
Field and Staff 3 3
Co. A. 3 46
Co. B. 3 47
Unassigned 3
UNASSIGNED
PRIVATES
Shorter, Lee
Shorter, Prattus
Carr, Frank
99
4°
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
CATALOGUE of STUDENTS
Collegiate Department
Classical Course
FRESHMAN YEAR
Cherry, David K .Powellville, N. C
Nelson, Kzekiel E Texarkana, Ark
SOPHMORE YEAR
Allen, N imrod B Columbus, Ga
Bayless, William Preston W. Mansfield, 0
Sondezi, David S. Africa
Lowery, Thomas L .London, 0
JUNIOR YEAR
IDavid, Charles Wesley A Lexington, Ky
McCullough, Reuben C Columbus, O
Thomasson, Zenobia S Pine Bluff, Ark
SENIOR YEAR
THoward, Pinkston Mt. Meigs, Ala
rXalbert, William Ellsworth Wilberforce, O
SCIENTIFIC COURSE
FRESHMAN YEAR
Palmer, Lutrelle Flenion
SOPH MORE YEAR
Maine, John M
Osborne, William O
Layton, Frank T
Robinson, Charlotte
JUNIOR YEAR
Dickson, Elizabeth V
Summers, Jeanette E
SENIOR YEAR
Hunnicutt, J. Sherman
Tamasou, Benjaman H
Sekna, Ala
S. Africa
.St. Louis, Mo
.Trenton, N. J
Xenia, O
.Springfield, O
Louisville, Ky
. Wilberforce, O
. Ripley, O
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
"Warrick, Funis Champ \\ ib'-erfoue, O
Young, C- O Ft- Wayne, Jnd
ACADEMIC COURSE
JUNIOR YEAR
Alexander, Fannie L St. Louis, Mo
Ayers, Charles .Willard, 111
AyersJosephine .Willard, 111
Bogle, Mamie .Pittsburg, Pa
Brown, John A Wilmington, Del
Berry, Allilee Indianapolis, Ind^
Bryant, David .Chattanooga, Ten
Dent, Margaret Buffalo, N. Y
Foster, Alice Muskogee, Okl
Fletcher, Benjamin O .Camden, N. J
Griffith,Robert L Uniontown, Pa
Hicks, John C Venita, Okla
Hickman, Randall Shreveport, La
Hatton, Gertrude Ann Arbor, Mich
Hurley, Floyd Camden, IN ,J^
Hopkins, Horace Philadelphia, Pa
Xinner, Julius Milwaukee, Wis
Eawson, Nannie Wilberforce, O
Poole, Olivette Hopkinsville, Ky
Ridgeway, Roy Springfield, Mo
Ragin, George C
Shaffer, Bailie South Park, Ry
Smith, Delores Chicago, 111
Tankersley, James No™al<
Wilson, John F .Minneapolis, Minn
White, Minnie Louisville,Ky
JUNIOR MIDDLE YEAR
,n. o Q S. McAlister, Okl
Atkins, S. S '
. Indianapolis, Ind
Brewer, Walter *■
Abeii::::::::::::::::::. Birmingham, ,ua
42
annual catalogue
Curtis, Frederica Pittsburg, Pa^
rews, John W Farini'.igton, Ky~
Dinsmore, Elbert S. M st. Louj.s Mo,
Drewry, Fowler Ky
Deatherage, Amanda Lexington, Ki."
Orandison, Ceolya Car
Harns, Wilbur Pennington, N.J
Johnson, Ralph Texarkana, Ark"
Jenkins Curtis... Providence, Ky
Lewis, Luetta >
Mitchell, O Neil Wilberforce (>
McCoy, Isaiah.. N f n v
, Norfolk,
cElroy, Leila ^ ^
Ngcay.ya, Patrick An:.,
Nichols, Roscoe Midway K
loole, Alexander Hopkinsville, Ky
orter, Beulah Indianapolis, lit"
Robinson, J. Millard Uniontown, Pa
Rice, David E Newberry, S. C.
Ray, Imogene P Pittsburg, Pa"
?mith'-»;D Bermuda, W. r
tory, Lillian B New Orleans..
Stephens, Floy Chicago, lit'
Warrick, Virgie Wilberforce, O
Washington, Sampson P Como Miss-
Walker, Plunie B Oliphant Furnace, Pa
Walke, David Brooklyn, N. V
Hoods, Booker T Omaha, Nev
William H Springfield, III'.
MIDDLE YEAR
Anderson, John W tt ■ o • a,
^ , ' J Union Springs, Alai
Boyles, K. Doliver * / T ^
„ Anderson, Ind
C,arkt\ Vashati u-iv, t rv
wilberforce, O
Clarke, Kdvvard K w:ik f r\
n „ , . Wilberforce, O
Canty, Nathaniel W ™ - T1t
Dickenson, Wyne Chicago, III.
Henderson, Roscoe C Parsons, Kan..
Moherly, Ma
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
43
Lee, Clarence E Pensacola. Fla
Letcher, H. H Springfield, 111
Mays, Sarah New York, N.Y
Palmer, Ferol H Chicago, 111
-Sagonoe, Michael W. Africa
Sinclair. J. D Humbolt.Teim
Thompson, Emma...... Decatur, 111
Willis, Arthur Chicago, 111
Wallace, Hazel Ft. Madison, 111
Senior Year
Bell, Callie Wagoner, Okla
Cary, Ulysses Buxton, Iowa
Flewellen, James M Mineola, Texas
Lightfoot, Alma Wheeling W. Va
Mills, Nannie Bristol, Tenn
Steele, Sunie Preston Georgetown, Ky
Winslow, Harry Logansport, Ind
ENGLISH PREPARATORY COURSE
First Year
Adams, Agnes Oakville, Ont
Bush, Anna Belle Columbus, Ohio
Hughes, Edith Georgetown, Ohio
Johnson, Larrimer Newark, Ohio
Weston, Carl Martin's Ferry, Ohio
Second Year
Brooks, Etta Pittsburg, Pa
Carr, W. F. M Wilberforce, Ohio
Embry, Jefferson Richmond, Ky..
Frye, Francis Cincinnati, Omo
Gillespie, Lawrence Cincinnati, Onio
Hall, Corbin A. T Philadelphia, Pa
Taylor, Minnie Springfield, Ohio
Thomas. Stephen Cleveland, Ohio
Thompson, Francis Wilberforce, Ohio
Hargo, Everett Knoxville, Tenn
White, Lizzie
44
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Third Year
Adams, Sarah Springfield, Ohio
Burns, Lucille St. Louis, Mo
Brown, Harriett..., Cincinnati, Ohio
Belleson, Sylvester St. Paul, Minn
Carter, Fremont Xenia, Ohio
Curtis, Ward Alton, 111
Cummins, Harry Philadelphia, Pa
Davis, Loretta Newark, Ohio
Durden, Fremont Clayton, Miss
Elliott, Crevalia Pine Bluff, Ark
Hill, Daisy Lyndon, Ohio
Harper, Ernest Barnesville. Ohio^
Haywood, Arthur L Newport News, Va
Jackson, Emma Portsmouth, Ohio
Jordan, Pinknev Oklahoma City, Okla
Kalane, Thomas B East Coast, S. A
Lott, Frederick Oklahoma City, Okla
Linear, William Fernwood, Ohio
Miller, Julia Indianapolis, Ind
McGee, Sarah Cincinnati, Ohio
Miller, Mattie Cincinnati, Ohio
Massey, John Fayettsville, Tenn
Pruitte, Brodie Bradford, Tenn
Patterson, Arthur T Cleveland, Ohio
Steele, Oscar Dayton, Ohio
Spencer, Bruce E Cincinnati, Ohio
Wilson, John Mt. Jackson, Va_
West, James Charleston, W. Va
'Wells, James Lebanon, Ohio
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Alexander, Fai-vnieir St. Louis, Mo
Black, ■ K.stella Pomeroy, Ohio
Bell, Callie Wagoner, Okla
Berry, Alielee Indianapolis, Ind
Bogle, Mayme Pittsburg, Pa
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
45
Burns, Lucille St. Louis. Mo
Baker, Lucill« Findlay, Ohio
Bodkins, A bell Birmingham, Ala
Coieman, Winona S Wilberforce, Ohio
CurtisT'd'Vfsttie Waynesville, Ohio
Dent, Margaret Buffalo, N. Y
Dickson, Elizabeth Spring-field, Ohio
Parsons, Kans
Finch, Earl Wilberforce, Ohio
Frye^-Frarieis Cincinnati, Ohio
Guy'v-J^^e Zanesvilie, Ohio
Grim.es-,- Odessa Cambridge, Ohio
HinioiL, -Elytra Cincinnati, Ohio
"Hn.'Tis, "Wilbin :. Pennington, X. J
Hopkins,-Horace■¥ Philadelphia, Pa
£[*unilt'MK Florence Marietta, Ohio
LQU<lrrf,'Blanche Columbus, Ohio
Lee, Clarence Pensacola, Kla
Lyons, Lulu C Ccluvahus, Ohio
M-ortoiT"; t^orgia Columbus, Ohio
McKlroy, Ltlra St. Louis, Mo
McGinnis, F. A . West Ohio
Jteflcr, Beulalv-P Indianapolis, Is id
Jiaoler'-OiiTCtle Hopkiusville, Ky
RobittfteHrrf- -M-illtrrd Uniontowu, Pa
St£ivart~,- Etta Jack son villc, 111
SjihaSeFrSfltiie Sou i h Park, Ky
Smith, Delores .Chicago, ill
Chicago, LI
Taylor Eunice Xenia, Ohio
ThempS'Oirr-Kmtaa Decatur, 111
Tuppins, Nancy Zanesvilie, Ohio
Woods, Booker T Omaha, Neb
Warren, Ara Belte Middleport, Ohio
Wilson, John '• Minneapolis, Minn
Walker, Plunie B Oliphant Furnace, Pa
White, Anna L ' Richmond, Ky
46
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
SELECT
Odgen, Mary J Clarksburg, W • Va
-Coleman, Wr S. Wilberforce, O
White, Anna L... Louisville, Ky
CANDIDATES FOR DEGREES
Howard, Pinkston Bachelor of Arts
Talbert, W. Ellsworth Bachelor of Arts
Hunnicutt, J. Sherman Bachelor of Science
Jamason, B. H Bachelor of Science
Warrick, E. Champ Bachelor of Science
Young, Clarence Otto Bachelor of Science
CANDIDATES FOR DIPLOMAS (Academic Course)
Bell, Callie Wagoner, Okla
Cary, Ulysses S Buxton, Iowa
Flewellen, J. M Mineola, Texas
Ligktfoot, Alma Wheeling, W. Va
Mills, Nannie Bristol, Tenn
Steele, Sunnie Preston Georgetown, Ky
Winslow, Harry W Logansport, Ind
HONOR LIST, WAR DEPT., WASHINGTON
Washington, George Xenia, Ohio
Masterson, George Georgetown
Rickman, Edward Bainbridge
Board, William Louis Bunkerville, \ a
Boone, Charles Henry Springfield
Boone, John Lincoln Springfield
Connor, Lycurgus Jackson Sehna
Maxwell, Joshua Edwards Wilberforce
Burroughs, Charles Galveston, Texas
Bass, David Emmanuel Circleville
Newsonie, Sherman Farris, Texas
Simpson, Charles Franklin St. Louis, Mo
Coleman, Payne Wayman Wilberforce
SUMMARY
Classical 11
Scientific 11
Academic 83
English Preparatory 45
Select 3
Music 42
Total 195
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
47
ALUMNI
Class of 1870
J. T. Jenifer, D. D., Pastor, General Secretary, C. P. A. A.
Baltimore, Md
I. H. Welch, D. D., Principal Wayman High School,
Frankfort, Ky
T. H.Jackson, D. D., Pastor Pine Bluff, Ark
Class of 1871
J. P. Shorter, A. M., Superintendent, C. N. & I. Department,
Wilberforce
Class of 1872
B. F. Lee, D. D., LL. D., Bishop, A. M. E. Church
Wilberforce
C. E. Herbert, B.D., Pastor, Zion Mission...Philadelphia, Pa
J. W. Beckett, D. D., Pastor, St. John Church, Baltimore, Md
Lottie B. Harris, B. S., Teacher Kissimmee, Fla
*G. T. Robinson, B. D. (1876)
Class of 1873
*S. T. Mitchell, A. M. EL- D., (1901)
*Julia A. Shorter Knight, A. B. (1881)
*Mary E. Davis Yeiser, A. B., (1886)
Mary E. Ash LEE, M. S Wilberforce
A. D. Delany, A. B., Professor, Shorter Univ. Little Rock. Ark
Hallie Q. Brown, M. S., Elocutionist Wilberforce
Class of 1874
*S. R. Bailey, A. B.
Ella J. Green (1885)
tElmira Copeland Napier, Teacher S. Louis, Mo
tVirginia Copeland Wilkerson St. Louis, Mo
*tCarrie E. Jenkins Dodson (1890)?
t Maggie E. Crable Lewis Allegheny, Pa
Class of 1875
^H. A. Knight, B. D. (1883)
John Coleman, D. D., Pastor Wilmington
♦Deet-ased. fOraduate of Normal Department.
48
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
*Carrie Jenkins Dodson, B. S.
Zella R. Page, B. Oklahoma
Class of 1876
J. G. Weiser, B. D., Pastor Atglen, Pa
*A. J. Bowles, A. B. (1900)
*G. C. Whitefield, B. D. (1878)
tLizzie Baker Guy Topeka, Kans
Class of 1877
H. Talbert, A. M. Sec'y., Wilberforce^University, Wilberforce
*John G. Brown, B. S. (1888)
Class of 1878
F. S. DdaiK-y, Principal Central High School, Louisville, Kv
K. Buford Perry. (1*98)
fS:-.-'!;:.- Bj'icj: Ha:ui,to>: Allegheney. Pa
I!. ' V i ma Whyic, Tc-r.-jh-.-r St. Louis, Mo
(Xv-.s or 2 879
*\V. H. \' k'CUni, O. T).. Pastor Asburv Park, X. J
Asbnry Iuaxwkll., B. S.. Teacher Charleston, Ind
*Klla P. Jenkins, B. S. (1832^
f\V. H. Seals, Piin-.'ipal, School Tyler, Tex
fvS.idi'j B. Owens Hamhioxd Selma. X. j
Class of 1880
B. v. ComiKish, B. T) Homewood, Pittsburg, Pa
*M. R. Wilson, B. D. ( 1893)
*W. J. Johnson, D. D.
H. M. Vaughn, M. S., Principal Chillicothe
*Thomas D. Scott, B. S. (,1881)
Class of 1881
I). I\I. Aslibv, A. B., Principal Bedford City, Va
E- A. Clarke, A. M., Professor Wilberforce
W. W. Jones, B. S., Principal Fort Smith, Ark
J. N. Dodson, B. S., Principal San Antonio, Texas
tAnna H. Jones Colkman, TeacherJPnblic School Ohio
t Alice E- Dugged Carey, Principal, Public Schools Ga
♦Deceased. fGraduate of Normal Department
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
49
Giddiilgs S. Lewis, A. B., Principal Birmingham, Ala
Class of 1882
J- R. Gibson, Principal, High School Galveston, Tex
*tF. H. Mabson, B. S. (1889)
fMattie Freeman Cheeks Washington, D. C.
J. M. Gilmere, B. D., Pastor Scranton, Pa
Class of 1883
tj. J. Bass, Teacher Kansas City, Kan
I. M. Burgan, D. D., President, Paul Quinn College Texas
C. M- Crosby, D. D., Pastor Steelton, Pa
*+Carrie Ferguson Crosby, (1890)
Edith A. Games, B. S-, Teacher Thurlow, Fla
*Ida M. Harris Brown- (1892)
G- W- Nicholas, B. D-, Presiding Elder Baltimore, Md
J- R. Scott, D. D Jacksonville, Fla
Class of 1884
L,- M- Reckett, B. D., Pastor Baltimore, Md
W- H. Coston, B- D Springfield, O
S- G. Dorce, B. D., Pastor Port au Prince, Hayti
A. H. Meys, B. D-, Pastor Jackson, Miss
G- W- Prioleau, D. D., Chaplain, U. S- A...Fort Walla, Wash
John W. Sexton, B. D Hannibal, Mo
Class of 1885
N- A- Banks, B. S Austin, Tex
*Ella E- Clarke, B. S-, (1888)
Robert F. Douge, B- S-, Musical Director Albany, N. Y
Belle E. Love Mabson, B. S., Teacher Galveston, Tex
D. M. Roberts, A. B., Custom House Shrevesport, Ea
C. N. Williams, A. B Cleyburne, Tex
A. R. Winters, A. B., Merchant Nashville, Tenn
*Anna Scoville Prioleau, B. S., (1903)
Class of 1886
W. A. Anderson, A. M., Grocer Wilberforce
*L,aura E. Clarke Anderson, A. M. (1900)
J. R. Morris, A. B., Teacher San Antonio, Tex
B. W. Arnett, Jr
♦Deceased. fGraduate of Normal Department
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
J.A. Kirk, A. M., Prof, of Languages, Paul Quiim College, Tex
T. D. Scott, A. M., Principal, High School Xenia
J. L. Watkins, A. M.. Pastor Fort Smith, Ark
R. C. Ransome, Pastor, Institutional Church Chicaago, 111
*W. H. Palmer, B. D., M. D. (1900)
John H. Hurst, D. D., Pastor, Bethel Baltimore, Md
Class of 1887
^George \V. Branch, B. S- (1887)
*John W. Guillot, B. S. (1887)
Charles S. Johnson, B. S., Teacher San Antonio, Tex
Sarah B. Smith, B. (1895)
J. H- Jones, A.M., Pres., Wiiberforce Univ Wilberforce
*Aexander Smith, B. D., Pastor Indiana
fCarrie F. Ward Ellison Iowa
Class of 1888
Gurley Brewer, Attorney-at-Law Indionapolis, Ind
R. L- Anthony, LL. B., Teacher DuQuoin, 111
W. B.Johnson, B. S., Presiding Elder Decatur, Ala
W. A. Joiner, B. S. LL- B., Teacher, Howard LTniversitv
Washington, D. C
Howard A. Maxwell, B. S., Principal Georgetown, Tex
Class of 1889
H. Y. Arnett Wilberforce
"^Joseph H. Artope, B. D. (1889)
Peter Bowman, B. D Monongahela, Pa
Joseph A. Crawford, B. S., Principal Houston, Tex
J. D. Dowry, B. S., Principal San Antonio, Tex
Class of 1890
*B. H. Carter, B. D. (1890)
Edward L- Bell, Pastor Canton
Toney Perry, Pastor Houston, Tex
Henry P. Jones, Post Office Department Chicago, 111
Fredrick B. Smith, Attorney-at-Law Omaha, Neb
Class of 1891
Lizzie C. Anderson Campbell, B. S Denver, Col
Class of 1892
Lida Becks Stewart, B. S Columbus
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
5i
^Elizabeth E. Jackson Nixon, A. M. (1902)
Benjamin Simmons, B. D., Pastor Ironton
Calhoun H. Stepteau, B. S., Teacher New Orleans, Ea
Class of 1893
Harry E. Johnson, B. S Wilberforce
Fredrick T. Venegar, B. S., Teacher New Orleans, Ea
Class of 1894
George A. Bailey Dayton
*Richard C. Blue, B. S. (1895)
Henry J. Eucas, B. S., Principal Blackton, Ark
Class of 1895
Clarence Clark, B. S., Assistant City Engineer Columbus
G. Masterson, B. S., Prof., A. & M. College Normal, Ala
James F. Rickman, B. S Muncie, Ind
George Washington, Pastor Ripley
Class of 1896
Charlotte E- Bayard, B. S-, Teacher. Philadelphia, Pa
W. Board, Clerk, War Department Washington, D-C
Charles H. Boone, B. S., A.B.,B.D., Pastor.. .Nashville, Tenn
*John E- Boone, B- S- (1902)
Augustus T. Clarke, B. S., Teacher Ill
G- W. Hilton Columbus
Class of 1897
James A. Anderson, A. B N. Y
Theodore E- Bryant, A. B Ennis, Tex
E- J- Conner, A. B-, Principal Galveston, Tex
J. E- Maxwell, Teacher Carlisle, Pa
J. Wheeler, Vice-President, Kitrell College Kitrell, N- C
C. Burroughs, B. S N. Y
Mary E- Fletcher McInham Ky
E- Hall Wraco, Tex
W. R. Johnson, B. S-, M- D Washington, D. C
J am esetta Shorter, B. S-, Teacher Georgetown, Tex
Class of 1898
*George D. Anderson, B- S-,(l900)
David E- Bass- B. S Toledo
♦Deceased. fGraduate of Normal Derailment.
52
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
C. H. Boone, B.S., A.B., B.D., Pastor ...Nashville, Tenti
*John L. Boone, (1902)
L- R- Diggs, B. S. Attorney-at-Law Lexington, Ky
J. H. Hilton, B. S Columbus
Sarah O Lee, B- S-, Teacher Wilberforce
Sherman Newsome, B. S., Teacher Ferris, Tex
J. D. M. Russell, B. S., Teacher Richmond, Ky
C. F. Simpson, Principal Cumberland, Md
Class of 1899
G. W. Adams, A. B.. Teacher, Kittrell, College, Kittrell, N.C
J. S. Coage, A. B.. Department Washington, D. C
G. W. Jackson, A. B., Principal Bowling Green, Ky
F. A. Lee, A. B., Teacher Wilberforce
J. M. Mclnham, A. B., Dentist Lexington, Ky
Saddie Ann Victoria Thompson, A. B Natchez, Miss
Class of 1900
H. A. Dickson Hill, Lady Prin. Shorter UnivPine Bluff, Ark
E. J. Emery Vernon, Prof. Western Univ Quindaro, Kan;
John H. Fears, Physician Marion, Ind
Earl E. Finch,A.B., Prof-Wilberforce Univ Wilberforce, O
Abbie Wells Henderson, B.S Birmingham, Ala
James Henry Knight, A. B-,Mail Clerk,C-C.St.L. Wilberforce
I. M. Maxwell, A. B. Teacher, Owenboro, Ky
John A. Myers, B. S- P- O- Clerk Washington, D. C
C. F. Simpson, B. S-, A. B, Prin Cumberland, Md
T. Bolden Stewart, B. S-, A. B., Teacher-•-Kansas City, Kan
W- P- Welch, B- S-, Instructor in Carpentry-•-Louisville, Ky
Class of 1901
J. P- Coleman, Teacher Galveston, Tex
J. W. Evans, B- S., Teacher Crawfordville, Ind
Julia C- Gee, B- S-, Instructor, Dressmaking Wilberforce
Charlotte Makhoma Manye MaxEke, B- S., Teacher, S. Africa
Oliver Mae Speed, B. S Richmond, Ind
Gustavus A. Steward, B. S-, Student Oberlin
W- F. Summons, A. B-, Teacher St. Joseph, Ma
Josephine Wright, B. S
WILBKRFORCE UNIVERSITY
53
Class of 1902
S. W- Coleman Jones, A. B.
G- H. Jones, A. B., Student r.-Jeniia Univ. Germany
T. Bolden Steward, A. B., Teacher Kansas City, Kan
C. H. Brown, B. S., Teacher Dickson, Tenn
Kathryn M. Johnson, B. S., Teacher, Shorter University
Little Rock, Ark
A. Brown, B. S., Principal Junction City, Kan
T. M. Kakaza, B. S., Medical Student Toronto, Canada
James C. Wright, B- S Washington, D. C
Class of 1903
C. Mack Gaines, A. B., Principal Edenton, N. C
Marshall Maxeke, A. B South Africa
Marie E. Brown, B. S., Teacher Owensboro, Ky
Amelia Sallee, B. S., Teacher Harrodsburg, Ky
Dudley Woodard, B. S-, Teacher Tuskee~ee, Ala
James Harris, B. S Nev
Minnie Maxwell, B. S., Instructor in Cooking- •••Wiiberforce
Mary Tillett, B. S Norfolk, Va
Mabel Warrick, B. S-, Teacher Edenton, N. C
Class of 1904
Clarence Carr, B. S., Principal Eovelady, Tex
Charles Dube, B. S South Africa
Geraldine Gordon, B. S Pleasant Hill
Addie Hoffman Dallas, Tex
Class of 1905
Julia Coleman, B. S., Teacher E- St. Louis, 111
Alexander H. Jones, A.B., Prin. High School Metropolis, 111
Elizabeth Mitchell, B. S., Teacher Columbus, Ind
Thomas Ward, B- S-, Teacher Liberia, Africa
Delia Clarke, B. S-, Teacher-..Western Univ, Quindaro, Kan
William Thomas Pate, B. S-- Christenburg, Va
Adelaide Tantsi, B- S South Africa
Homer Taylor, B. S., Student, O. S. U Columbus, Ohio
■Carol Clarke Carson Detroit, Mich
Johanna Gow Bush Wiiberforce
May me Hampton Rome, Ga
54
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Margaret Pritchett, Teacher Manassas, Va
May me Jones Chicago, 111
Augustus Williams, B- S-, Student Ann Arbor, Mich
George Clarke, Student Ann Arbor, Mich
James W- Gentry, Student, Purdue Univ Lafayette, Ind
J. Sherman Hunnicutt, Scientific Course Wilberforce
Maggie Mclnham Washington, D- C
^Pauline 0- Warrick, B. S. (1908)
class 1906
David W. Haynes, A. B .....Teacher, State Normal, Ky
Harr}' L. Lackey, I>. S Student, Ann Arbor, Mich
Isaac N. Patterson, B. S Xenia, O
Ethel N. Clarke Denver, Col
S. N. Gumede, Student Law Ann Arbor, Mich
Tennie M. Montgomery Talbert Chicago, 111
Lenner L. Nichols, Teacher. Midway, Ky
J. R. White, Jr., Student Ann Arbor, Mich
Ernestine Whitman, Teacher W- Mansfield, G
Clarence O. Young, Scientific Course Ft. Wayne, Ind
Levi J. Johnson, B. D Alton, 111
John Irvin, B. I) Xenia, O
W. E. Spillman Sylvisa, Ky
class of 1907
Warner M. Lewis, B. S Student, Ann Arbor
E. J. Lunon, B. D Little Rock. Ark
J. P. Richards, W. Africa
J. M. B. Miehell, B.D Pastor
J. Allen Bynoe. B. D -Yellow Springs, O
E- T. Water ford Pastor
W. W. Osborne Scientific Course, Wilberforce, O
Oscar Preston Washington. D. C.
David Harshaw, Principal On itman, Ga
Irene Edwards, Teacher Topeka, Kan
Eva Hayden .Teacher Washinton, Pa
Er.nice Taylor Xenia, O
Bryant Perkins Wilberforce, O
Vivian L. Jones, Undertaker Anrora, 111
C. Tread way Street, R. R. Clerk St. Louis, Mo
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
55
PAYNE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
History and Calendar
The organization of Payne Theological Seminary was
brought about by the efforts of Bishop Benjamin W- Arnett
who interested in the effort of Rev. John G. Mitchell and his
wife, Fannie A. He secured the option of their places, and
then presented the plan to Rev. J as. A, Handy, Prof. J. P.
Shorter, Bishop W.J. Gaines, Bishop B. F. Lee and Bishop
A. Grant, who approved and gave their heart}' co-operation.
Authority was secured from the Board of Trustees, as follows:
The Board of Trustees of Wilberforce University, at its
session, June, 1890, on motion of Bishop A. Grant, made
Bishop B. W. Arnett chairman of a committee to consider the
propriety and feasibility of establishing a Theological Semina¬
ry at Wilberforce, to be a part of it, but to be controlled by a
peculiar arrangement, so that it would be made more efficient
than at that time. The following is the committee as complet¬
ed.
Bishop B. W. Arnett, D. D Wilberforce
Bishop W. J. Gaines D. D Atlanta, Ga
Bishop A. Grant, D. D San Antonio, Tex
Rev. J. A. HandyD. D Washington, D.C
Rev. B. F. Lee, D. D..LL.D Philadelphia, Pa
Rev. T. H. Jackson, D. D Wilberfoce, O
Prof. J. P. Shorter, A.M., LL-D...Wilberforce,O
The subject of how to improve the facilities of the Theo¬
logical Department,and how to get more persons to attend,
and thereby increase the power of the pulpit, was considered
prayerfully. The growing demands of the church, the imper¬
ative requirements and demands of the age for trained and
tiied men to be the moral and spiritual leaders, were weighed
by the committee, who came to the unanimous conclusion that
unless the church put forth some organized effort to perpetuate
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
an intelligent ministry, it would have to go to the rear of the
procession of progress, and eventually lose its place as the lead¬
er of the advanced guard of race redeemers. It was apparent
to the committee that the magnitude of the work of the church
and complexity of the organization—that those who were to con¬
trol and manage it must be trained in the doctrine, laws, cus¬
toms and history of the church from its organization to the
present, so that they may see its possibilities, and comprehend
the work to be done in the future.
The plan of the committee was presented to the Trustee
Board at its session, June 18, and after some modifications,
was unanimously adopted. The name chosen was.
The Payne Theological Seminary of Wilberforce.
This name was given in honor of Bishop Daniel Alexander
Payne, the Senior Bishop of the A. M. E. Church, who was
bora Februray 24, 1811, in Charleston, S. C., and who from
early childhood had been engaged in the work of mental and
moral training. He was the pioneer educator in the South
land before the war. He was driven away from his home, May
15, 1835, and found a home in the North, and there he took
the place of a leader of the leaders, and stood for more than
fifty years without an equal or a superior in the work of race
redemption. He lived to see a wonderful change in the work
of education. When the work began there were but few true
and tried friends. Now many leaders inside and outside of the
church are all champions of the cause of Christian education.
Calendar
Fall Term begin, Tuesday, October 6, 1908
Winter Vacation, December 21, to January 4, 1908
Board of Directors
Bishops
Bishop H. M. Turner, Bishop Wesley J. Gaines
Bishop Benjanmin T. Tanner, Bishop Abram Grant
Bishop Benjamin F. Lee, Bishop Moses B. Salter
Bishop James A. Handy, Bishop W. B. Derrick
Bishop Evans Tyree, Bishop C. S. Smith
Bishop C. T. Shaffer, Bishop L. J. Ccppin.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
57
General Officers
3R.ev. H- T. Johnson, D. D. Ph.D Rev. B. F. Watson, D. D
iRev. John H. Collet, D. D Rev. W. D. Chappelle, D. D
JRev. E- W. Eampton, D. D Prof. H. T. Kealing, A. M
3£ev. Henry B. Parks, D. D Prof. J. R. Hawkins, A. M
ULev. G. W. Allen, D. D Rev. W. H. Heard, D. D
Rev. E. J. Gregg, D. D.
1st, Rev. T. M. Henderson, M.D7th,Rev. T.H. Jackson, D.D
:2nd, Rev. J. A. Johnson, D.D 8th, Rev. D. E. Asbury, D. D
3rd, Rev- John Coleman, D.D 9th, Rev. A. G. Scott
-4th, Rev. R. C. Ransom, D.D 10th, Rev. J. L. Moore
J5th, Rev. O. J. Scott, B. D., A. M 11th, Rev. W.P.Q.Byrd
36th, J. M. Henderson, D. D 12th, Rev. Francis Gow
Officers of Board
President, Bishop Wesley J. Gaines, D. D
Viice-President, Bishop C. T. Shaffer, D. D., M.D
.Secretary, Rev. George F. Woodson, D.D
Treasurer, William A. Anderson, A. M
Executive Board
Bishop Benjamin F. L,ee, D.D.,L,L.D., Chairman
"Bishop Wesley J. Gaines, D.D Rev. J. S. Ferguson
"Bishop C. T. Shaffer, D.D Rev. Geo. W. Maxwell
^Rev. John Coleman, D. D Rev. George F. Woodson, D.D
JRev. R. R. Downs, D. D Mr. W. A. Anderson, A.M
Faculty
.Rev. Joshua H. Jones, A. M., D. D., President, Wilberforce
University.
3tev. G. F. Woodson, Dean, Professor of Systematic Theology
and New Testament Greek.
3lev. A. W. Thomas, A. B., S. T. B., Professor of Hebrew
^and Biblical literature.
5«
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Rules and Regulations
GOVERNMENT
The government of the students shall be vested in the Fac¬
ility of the Seminary.
The Dean shall be the responsible and executive officer of
the Theological Seminary and shall preside at all Faculty meet¬
ings and see that the orders of the Board of Directors or Exec¬
utive Board are carried out.
It shall be the duty of any member of the Faculty to ad¬
monish kindly, but promptly, any student who shall violate
the rules or regulations of the Seminary.
RELIGIOUS EXERCISES
It shall be the duty of the students to attend public wor¬
ship at least twice on Sunday, daily prayers at the opening and
closing of the school, and prayer meeting during the week.
Students shall keep their rooms neat and clean and the
rooms shall be accessible at any time to the Faculty.
Students shall not leave the vicinity of Wiiberforce with¬
out permission.
Visiting to each other's rooms during study hours shall not
be frequent.
Students shall not visit or associate with the opposite se:v
without permission.
They shall not use tobacco, or intoxicating drinks as bev¬
erages.
ADMISSION
The Seminary is strictly Methodistic in its doctrine, yet
pure Christian Catholicity is indorsed. Therefore the Semin-
ry is open to students of every Christian denomination.
Every applicant for admission must bring good testimoni¬
als signed by his pastor and Presiding Elder.
Students from any institution not under the auspices of
the A. M. E. Church must bring good testimonials signed by
the president or principal of said institution or testimonials
satisfactory to the Dean.
No student can graduate from either of the courses unless-
he lias studied at least six months in the Seminarv and shall
have secured the required per cent.
WILBERFORCE VX IYER SIT Y
59-
A satisfactory thesis on some particular subject in system-
mat ic Theology shall be presented to the Dean by each mem¬
ber of the senior class three months before Commencement..
These theses shall be kept on file at the Seminary.
The degree of Bachelor of Divinity may be conferred upon
members of the senior class who have completed satisfactorily
the Regular Theological Course and whose average per cent of
examinations during the year shall be satisfactory.
The Diploma Certificate may be conferred upon students
who have completed satisfactory the English Theological
Course and whose average per cent of examinations during the
second year is not less than seventy.
Degrees and Certificates recommended by the Faculty and
approved by the Board of Directors shall be conferred by the
Dean of the Seminary or the President of the University.
The scholastic year of Payne Theological Seminary shall
begin on the first Tuesday in October and close on the third
Thursday in June of the succeeding year.
LIBRARY
Our library consists of about two thousand six hundred
(2,600) volumes, donated from time to time by various per¬
sons. The Libraries of Bishops J.P. Campbell, T.M.D. Wardr
A. W. Wayman, J.C. Embry, have been given to the Semina¬
ry. We have also received libraries from Rev. Chas. B. Ray-
Joseph Ellington,St. John's A. M. E. Church, Cleveland, O.;
Rev. John Hamilton, Delaware, Ohio; and from the estates of
Rev. Daniel Draper, Baltimore, Md. and Rev. C. Jones, Phila¬
delphia, Pa.; Rev. C. W. Ketchem, of Toledo, O.,contributed
a number of books. A number of individuals have each given
one or more volumes. The Library is generally used and is of
great value to the students. A number of works are needed
in it, that it might be rendered more serviceable in the various
departments of theology.
Current Literature.—Daily and Weekly Papers and
many Periodicals are kept on the tables of Reading Room by
the Seminary Preachers' Aid Association.
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
ADMISSION
A collegiate Education, or its equivalent, constitutes the
necessary preparation for the Regular course of Theology.
The English course has been established to meet a special
demand of quite a large number of young men who have not
the means or time to complete the regular course but who de¬
sire to quality themselves for the work of the Christian minis¬
try. A good English Education will be necessary to enter this
course.
There is a Theological Preparatory Department for those
who are not prepared to enter the English or short Theologi¬
cal course.
COURSE of STUDY
Regular Course
JUNIOR YEAR.
exegetical theology.
Old Testament.—Hebrew: The Class will read during
the year the first twenty-five chapters of Genesis, and selections
from Exotus and Deuteronomy. The inductive method is
used. Elements of the Grammar studied inductively from
Genesis i-viii. Exercises in sight-reading.
New Testament.—Greek: Critical and exergetical readings
in the Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles; the peculiarities of
Helenistics Greek will receive special attention. In connection
with the study of the Greek text, attention is given to the
harmony of the Gospel narratives.
historical theology.
History of the establishment of the Christian Church by
Christ and the Apostles. Life and labor of Saint Paul. Spe-
ial attention is given to the Geography of Palestine and Asia
Minor.
systematic theology.
Ethics. Psychology, Logic and Metaphysics.
practical theology.
Pastoriai. Theology.—The institution of the Christian
ministry by Christ.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY 6r
Historical and practical review of the ministerial call.
The two great functions of the Christian ministry; evan¬
gelical and pastorial elements of power in the ministry.
Preparation for the work.
Relation to the Church, Sunday-school, society in general.
Difficulties, trials and success.
Ecclesiastical Law.—Lectures and oral instructions in
Church government; evidences, oral and written. Practice and
principles applied.
A thorough knowledge of the Discipline and History of
the A. M. E. Church Polity is required.
biblical literature
Theological Encyclopaedia and Methodology. History of
the Versions of the English Bible.
MIDDLE YEAR
exegetical theology
Old Testament.—Hebrew: Thorough instructions will
be given in the grammatical principles of the language. Select
portions from the Psalms and Proverbs will be studied critical¬
ly and exegetically. Students will be required to read Hebrew
at sight; essays and discussions.
New Testament.—Greek; Critical exegesis of the Epis¬
tle of the Romans, with sight-readings, essays and discussions.
Lectures on the Pauline Epistles. General reveiw of the New
Testament Grammar, with critical readings from the mors dif¬
ficult Pauline Epistles.
historical theology
Ecclesiastical History.—(l) The history of the Chris¬
tian Church and its development to mediaeval history. (2)
The same from mediaeval history to the reformation. (3) The
same from the reformation to the present.
systematic theology
Theology and its sources. Theism.—Ontological, Cos-
mological, Theological, Anthropological, Arguments.
Theology.—Personality of God; Attributes; the Trinity;
Creative work; Providence.
Anthropology.—Primative State and Fall of Man; De¬
pravity of the Race; Unity of the Race.
Doctrine of the Holy Spirit.
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
practical theology
Homiletics.—Special lectures on the delivery of sermons.
Habits and preparations for preaching.
The Properties of the Pulpit.—Practical exercises in
Homiletics throughout the year, i. e. sermons by the students.
Elocution.—Vocal Music and Rhetorical Exercises
throughout the course.
Practical exercises in the extemporaneous Methods of
preaching.
The Bishops of the A. M. E. Church will lecture on vari¬
ous subjects during the year, and others will also deliver lect¬
ures and addresses on the living questions of the day.
Liturgic.—The conduct of public worship; reading of the
Scriptures and Hymns.
Catechetics.—Including the Sunday School Enterprises.
bibical literature
Introduction to the Critical Study of the holy
scriptures.
Special lectures 011 the genuineness of the Pentateuch.
Veiws of the new critical school, the antiquity of the art
of alphabetical writing among the Hebrews, and the state of
the arts and sciences in general in the Mosiac age. The credi¬
bility of the books of the Bible.
Diffusion of the Greek language in the Roman Empire at
the beginning of the Christian epoch.
SENIOR YEAR
exegetical theology
Old Testament.—Hebrew: Selections from Ruth and
Isaiah; Biblical Aramaic, Essays and Discussions.
New Testament.—Greek Epistles continued with lect¬
ures; written exercises on assigned texts.
Septuagint.—Lectures 011 the Septuagint with essay and
discussions. Reading of special selections hem the Greek.
historical theology
History of Christian Doctrines; Theological, Christologieal
and Anthropological controversies. Baptismal and Eucharistic
controversies, The influence of various Svstems of Philosophy
of Theology. Ecclesiastical Svmbols.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
63
systematic theology
Christology.—Person of Christ; Incarnation Nature of
Christ; Leading Errors in Christology.
Soteriology.—Atonement in Christ; Theories of the
Atonement; Universality of the Atonement; Salvation in Christ;
Free Agency.
Eschatology.—Future existence; Intermediate State;
Second Advent: Resurrection; Judgement; Rewards and pun¬
ishments.
Inspiration of the Scriptures. Angels. Arminian treat¬
ment of Original Sin.
practical theology
Special lectures on the preparation and delivery of sermons.
Practical exercises in the extemporaneous methods of preach¬
ing.
biblical literature
Christian Archeology.—Christian art, monuments,
sculpture, painting, epigraphy, hymnology, music etc.; their
importance and their relation to the early Christian Church.
Hermeneutics.—History of the methods of interpreta¬
tion. Qualification of an interpreter.
General Hermeneutics.—Synonyms; Comparison of
parallel passages.
Special Hermeneutics.—Hebrew Poertry, Figurative
Language, Interpretation of Symbols, Interpretation of prophe¬
cy, Messianic Prophecy, Harmony and Diversity of the Gos¬
pels.
Elocution twice a week throughout the entire course.
ENGLISH COURSE
The English Couse includes~the Biblical Literature, Prac¬
tical Theology, Systematic Theology and Historical Theology
<of the Regular Course.
64
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Catalogue of Students
ENGLISH COURSE
senior class
Taylor, B. U St. Paul, Minor.
middle class
Hughes, H. L Braddock, Pemt
PREPARTORY STUDENTS
(in college department)
Atkins, S. S McCollister, Okla
Brown, I. A Wilmington, Del
Crews, J. W Frankfort, Ky
Cummings, H. W „ Seaford, Del
Dinsmore, E. W. S St. Louis, Mo-
Dourdon, F. A Clayton, Miss
Hall, Corbin Philadelphia, Pa
Hatcher, J as. S Dotham, Ala
Henderson, R. C Moberley, Mo^
Hicks, J. O Indian Territory-
Howard, Pinston Mt. Mingo, Ala
Kalane, T. B East Africa
Jones, W. H Windsor, Canada
Lenyre,
Menze, Jeremiah King William's Town, S. Africa
Smith, R. B Atlantic City, N. J
White, J. D Cleveland, Ohio-
Wing, G. O Baltimore, Md
Young, J' A Baltimore, M<2
middle class
Alleyne, F. H New York, N. V
Brown, I. A Baltimore, Md
Collins, T. A Brookhaven, Miss
Jackson, E. J Tallahassee, Fla
Jordon, J. T Baton Rouge, La
Payne, H. G Georgetown, Ohio
Savage, S. H Orlando, Fla
Woods, E. O St..Charles, Mo*
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
e3
systematic theology
Christology.—Person of Christ; Incarnation Nature of
Christ; Leading Errors in Christology.
Soteriology.—Atonement in Christ; Theories of the
Atonement; Universality of the Atonement; Salvation in Christ;
Free Agency.
Eschatology.—Future existence; Intermediate State;
Second Advent: Resurrection; Judgement; Rewards and pun¬
ishments.
Inspiration of the Scriptures. Angels. Arminian treat¬
ment of Original Sin.
practical theology
Special lectures 011 the preparation and delivery of sermons.
Practical exercises in the extemporaneous methods of preach¬
ing.
biblical literature
Christian Archeology.—Christian art, monuments,
sculpture, painting, epigraphy, hymnology, music etc.; their
importance and their relation to the early Christian Church.
Hermeneutics.—History of the methods of interpreta¬
tion. Qualification of an interpreter.
General Hermeneutics.—Synonyms; Comparison of
parallel passages.
Special Hermeneutics.—Hebrew Poertry, Figurative
Language, Interpretation of Symbols, Interpretation of prophe¬
cy, Messianic Prophecy, Harmony and Diversity of the Gos¬
pels.
Elocution twice a week throughout the entire course,
ENGLISH COURSE
The English Couse includes the Biblical Literature, Prac¬
tical Theology, Systematic Theology and Historical Theology
of the Regular Course.
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Catalogue of Students
REGULAR COURSE
•senior ci,ass
Menxc. Jeremiah King William's Town, S- Africa ,
Smith, kichanl B Atlantic City, N. J
White, J- D Cleveland, Ohio
Wing, G- O Baltimore, Md
"Young, J- A Baltimore, Md
middle ci.ass
.Alleyne, F. H New York, N. Y
Browns, I- A Baltimore, Md
Collins, T. A Brookhaven, Miss
Jackson, E. J Tallahassee, Fla
Jordan, J. T Baton Rouge, La
Tayne. H. G Georgetown, 0
Savage, S- H Orlando, Fla
"Woods. Ezra O St- Charles, Mo
junior class
Jackson, A, W Ky
Robinson, E. D Zanesville, Ohio
Shannon, W. D Barbadoes, B. W. I
'Shields, H. M Pennington, N. J
ENGLISH COURSE
senior class
Taylor, B. U St. Paul, Minn
middle class
Hughes, H. L Braddock, Pa
PREPARATORY STUDENTS
(in college department)
.Atkins, S- S McCallister, Okla
Brown, J- A. Wilmington, Del
Crews, J. W Frankfort, Ky
Cummings, H. W Seaford, Del
JDinsmore, E- W- S St. Louis, Mo
WIEBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
65
JXurden, FA Clayton, Miss
Hall, Corbin Philadelphia, Pa
Hatcher, Jas. S Dortham, Ala
Henderson, R. C Moberly, Mo
Hicks, J. € Indian Territory
-Howard-, Pinkston Mt. Meigs, Ala
Kalane, T. B: East Africa
Jones, W. H Windsor, Canada
Linear, Clarence
Xetcher, H. H-. Springfield, Mo
Masseyr^? H Chattanooga, Tenn
McCoy, Isaiah Norfolk, Va
Patterson, P. A Columbus Ohio
RicerI>. E Newberry, S. C
Sagonoe, Michael Kimberly, S. Africa
Sinclair, J. D Humbolt, Tenn
Smith, J. D Tinckerstown, Bermuda
Washington, S. P Mound Bayou, Miss
66
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
ALUMNI
Class of 1893
regular course
E- T. Denby, B. D
C- H. Johnson, B. D-, Principal High School Ala
William Polk, B. D. (deceased, 1895)
english course
C. H. Coleman, Pastor Ill
Class of 1894
regular course
William Byrd, B- D , Pastor Jackson, Ga
M- E- Davis, B. D., Pastor Gibson, Miss
S- T. Tice, D- D-, Pastor Cambridge, Mass
english course
J. W- Watson, Pastor Texas
Class of 1895
regular course
D. S- Moten, B. D , Pastor Texas
J. P. Wallace, B- D., Pastor Arcadia, Ind
G. B. Young, B- D., Pastor Texas
Class of 1896
regular course
Harry P. Anderson, B. D., Pastor Newark, N. J
Hubbard B. Brewer, B. D., Pastor Washington, Ind
Julian C. Caldwell, B. D-, Pastor Lincoln, Mo
english course
B. C. Anderson, Pastor Mo
Class of 1897
regular course
James M. Tate, B. D., Pastor Troy
Class of 1898
regular course
O. E- Jones, B. D., Pastor Oakland, Cal
O. L- Moody, B. D., Pastor Helena, Ark
A. L- Murray, B. D,, Pastor Chicago, 111
W. H. Peck, B. D., Pastor St. Charles, Mo
WIEBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
67
english coursp:
H. C. Msikinya, Teacher Cape, South Africa
Class of 1899
J. S. Johnson, B. D
J- J- Morant, B. D., Pastor Greenwood, Miss
B. F. Seabrooks, B. D., Pastor Ala
H. E- Stewart, B- D., Pastor Terre Haute, Ind
Class of 1900
regular course
Charles H. Boone, B. S., A.B.,B.D., Pastor...Nashville, Tenn
John E- Boone, B. S- (deceased 1902)
William O- Davis, B. D-, Pastor Madison, N. J
Henry C- Msikinya, B. D., Teacher, Capetown, South Africa
W- H. Shelby, B- D., Pastor Shelbyville, Tenn
english course
Peter S- Cheatham, Pastor Mo
Drusilla Ferguson (deceased 1903)
Cook H. Henderson, Principal Selma, Ala
James A. Earkins, (deceased 1902)
Class of 1901
W. P.Q- Byrd, B. D-, Pastor Adrian, Mich
Joseph Gwynn, B. D., Pastor Elkton, Md
Andrew H. Hill, B. D., Pastor Fort Smith, Ark
english course
.SamuelSurges, Pastor N.J
Class of 1902
regular cnurse
Charles H. Young, B.D., Pastor St. Clairsville
english course
George F. David, Pastor Frankford, Ey
Class of 1903
regular course
Robert E. Brooks, B. D., Pastor Demopolis, Ala
John H. Byrd, B. D., Pastor Lexington, Ky
B. E. Johnson, B. D Chicago, 111
E. E. Johnson, B. D Huntington, W. Va
E M. Jones, B. D (deceased 1903)
68
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
William B. Lee, B. D., Pastor Dayton
A. G. Poole, B. D., Pastor Mt. Airy, N.C
L. B. Spicer, B. D., Pastor Vernon, Miss
Edward Whittenberg, B. D., Pastor New Orleans, La
english course
Samuel J. Patterson, Pastor Tampa, Fla
John T. Sehofield, Pastor Smythville, Va
Class of 1904
regular course
John S. Carter, B. D Xenia
Pleasant S. Hill, B. I) Redfield, Ark
T. B. Nelson, B. D Columbia, S. C
C. S. Williams, B. D . .Brookhaven, Miss
english course
Thomas Howze Shrevesport, La
Peter A. Luckie South America
Minnie C- Warfield Huff Pittsburg, Pa
Class of 1905
regular course
M. Hunter, B- D Meridian, Miss
L- Stanford, B. D Philadelphia, Pa
J. Y. Tantsi, B. D South Africa
english course
J. N. Gibbs Scott Hill, N. C
E. Newman Pittsburg, Pa
class of 1906
regular course
Levi J. Johnson, B. D Alton, III"
John Irvin, B. D Xenia, O
english course
W. E. Spillman Bergen, Ky
class of 1907
regular course
E. J. Lunon, B. D Little Rock, Ark
J. P. Richards, B. D Sierra Leone, W. Africa
J. M. B. Michell, B.D Ark
J. Allen Bynoe. B. D Kenton, O
E. T. Water ford, B. D Knoxville, Tenn
wilberforce university
AN ACT—-S. B. NO. 179
To Aid in the Establishment and maintenance of a Combined Normal & Industrial
Department at Wilberforce University, Greene County, Ohio. Passed, March<
19, 18S7, (84, O. L. 127), amended, April 16, 1S90, (87, O. I,. 215), amended, April 18, 189a,
89, (O. L,. 368), also amended, April 21, 1896, (02, O. L. 2751.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, that there-
shall be established and maintained at Wilberforce University, in Greene County-
Ohio, a Combined Xormal and Industrial Department.
Section 2. To carry out the purposes of this act, there shaJl be and Jjcreby u cre¬
ated a board of nine trustees to be known as the Board of Trustees of the Combines^
Normal and Industrial Department at Wilberforce University, five shall be appointed
by the Governor and with the consent of the Senate, and three shall be chases by th«
Board of Trustees of said University. The President of the University shall be ex—
officio a member of said Board. The trustees so to be appointed by the Governor as=
aforesaid shall be appointed on or before the first day of May, 1896, and they shalL
hold their offices respectively as follows: one for one year, two for two years and:
two for four years, the term of such to begin to run from July 1,1896; said term sha.IL
be designated by the Governor in his message of appointment to the Senate and in the-
commission issued to said trustees; at the session of the Senate next preceding the-
expiration of the term of any trustee, the Governor shall appoint his successor for the-
term of four years and every appointment of the Governor under this act shall be sub¬
mitted to the Senate for confirmation.
Section 3. The three trustees to be chosen as aforesaid by the Board of trustees of
said University shall be chosen at the first regular meeting of said Board in June,,
1892, after the passage of this act; and the three so chosen at such meeting shall ftol<£
their office, respectively, as follows: one for one year, one for two years and one for-
three years, the term of each to begin to run from the third Thursday in June, 1892..
In anticipation of the expiration of term of any trustee so chosen, the said Univen;ity-
Board shall annually thereafter it its regular meeting choose his successor ; who shall,
hold his office for (the) term of three years.
Section 4. In case a vacancy in that portion of the Board so appointed by the Gov¬
ernor or chosen by llie University Board shall occur from death, resignation or othejr
cause, the appointment or selection to fill such vacancy shall be made in the one case-
by the Governor and in the other by the Executive Board of said University for the un¬
expired term.
Section 5. It shall be the duty of the Secretary of said University, immediately-
upon choice being made by the University Board of three trustees as aforesaid, to cer¬
tify to the Governor, under the seal of said University, the names of the persons so
chosen as trustees under this act, with their terms, respectively ; and also the name of
the person chosen by the said Executive Board at any time to fill a vacancy.
Section 6. The Board of Trustees created under this act shall meet in regular-
session at said University twice a year; the first meeting shall be on the third Thurso
day in June, and the second on the first Thursday in November of each year; but other
meetings may be held at such places and times as a majority of the Board may de ter¬
rains The said trustees shall receive no compensation but shall be reimbursed their:
traveling and other reasonable and necessary expenses out of the appropriations uck
der 'his act.
70
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
/ Section 7. It shall be the duty of the said Hoard of Trustees created undi r th;s act
to take, keep and maintain exclusive authority, direction, supervision and control ov¬
er the operations and conduct of said Norm:,! and Industrial Department, so as to as¬
sure for it the best attainable results with the aid hereby secured to it from the State.
Said Board shall determine the branches of industry to be pursued, purchase, through
a suitable and disinterested agent, the necessary means and appliances. seiect a super¬
intendent for the industrial branch of the department, fix his salary v.ud prescribe his
duty and authority. The expenditures of all moneys appropriated under this act for
carrying out its purposes and provisions, shall be made only under such regulations
and for such specific purposes not herein provided for, as the Eoard of Trustee.' of
said department shall establish but no money hereby appropriated by the State shall
be used at any time for any purpose not in direct furtherance and promotion of the
objects of this department.
Section 8. No sectarian influence, direction or interference in the management or
conduct of the affairs or education of said department shall be permitted by its Board;
but its benefits shall be open to all applicants of good moral character and within the
limitations of age determined by said Board.
Section 9. Upon the certificate of the Board of Trustees of said Department that
the necessary steps have been taken by the Board of Trustees of said University to co¬
operate with the Department Trustees in carrying out the purposes of this act by
granting the use of its buildings, grounds and educational facilities, there shall be
paid to the Treasurer of said Department, semi-annually, one-half of such amounts as
may be annually appropriated by the General Assembly for the purposes therein
named. The Treasurer of said Department shall give to the State of Ohio a bond to
be approved by the Attorney-General in the sum of Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20000)
conditioned that he shall faithfully discharge his duties and account for any money
coming into his hands from the State of Ohio.
Section 10. The Board of Trustees shall cause to be made on or before the first day
of December (iSSS) (and) each year thereafter, a report to the Governor of the condi¬
tion, progress and results of said Department; with an estimate of what appropriation
shall be required to secure the object of this act.
Section 11. Each Senator and Representative of the General Assembly of the
State of Ohio may designate one or more youth resident of his District who shall be
entitled to attend the said Normal and Industrial Department free of tuition.
Location
«««
THE COMBINED NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL DEPARTMENT at Wilberforce
University, is situated in the village of Wilberforce, Greene County, Ohio, three miles
northeast of the city of Xenia, and three-fourths of a mile north of Wilberforce Station
on the kittle Miama Division of the P. C. C. & St. I,. R. R. The grounds are among the
most picturesque in Southern Ohio, and for many years prior to the founding of the
University, they were an attractive health resort, widely known because of numerous
Mineral Springs, to which the Indians gave the name Ta-wa-wa, "The Sweet Waters."
The location is an exceptionally beautiful one and is free from influences which ten<*
to dettact from student work.
WIIvBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
Combined Normal and Industrial Department
Trustee Board
Reorganized under the Statutes of April 25, 1896 Term Expires
Hon. Willlam A. Galloway, President 1908
Hon. Andrew J. DeHart 1908
Hon. E- C. Berry 1910
Hon. Chase Stewart 1910
Hon. Charles Bundy 1908
Hon. Benjamin F. L,ee 1909
Hon. C. S. Gee 1910
President Joshua H. Jones, Ex-Officio Wilberforce
Hon. Andrew J. DeHart, Secretary Cincinnati
FACULTY
Joshua H. Jones, A. M., D. D., President, Wilberforce Univ.
Joseph P. Shorter, A. M. Superintendent.
Sarah C. Bierce Scarborough, M. Pd., Principal, Professor of
Pedagogics and Literature.
George T. Simpson, Instructor in Vocal Music and Voice Culture.
Charles H. Johnson, Instructor in Drawing and Art Work.
William B. Bush, EIv-B., Director of Course of Commerce.
Charles S. Smith, Instructor in Shorthand and Typewriting.
R. C. Bundy, B. S., M. E., Instructor in Mechanical Drawing.
Frederick A. McGinnis, Instructor in Printing.
Julia Gee, Instructor in Dressmaking and Plain Sewing.
Minnie Maxwell, Instructor in Cooking.
Walter A. Smith, Instructor in Carpentry and Cabinet Work.
William M. Hunnicutt, Instructor in Shoemaking.
Minnie Battles, Instructor in Millinery.
"T. Csesar Davis, Instructor in Blacksmithing.
S. Grant, Instructor in Tailoring.
Wheeler A. Brooks, Instructor in Plumbing.
Martha E. Carter, Matron of Arnett Hall.
72
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Combined Normal and Industrial Department
This Department was established at Wilberforce Univer¬
sity by Act of Legislature of Ohio in 1887, and by an almost
unanimous vote of the General Assembly in 1896 was placed
upon permanent support by direct levy with the other educa¬
tional institutions of the State.
It is under control of a special Board of nine Trustees^
five elected by the Governor and four by the University Board
According to the law under which it is organized, every mem¬
ber of the Legislature is entitled to select one or more youth
from his district who may receive benefits of this department
free of tuition, room rent, heating and incidental expenses.
This department is destined to become the great center in the
North for Normal and Industrial training for Colored youth.
Certificates are valid for the entire course for which they
are given, but the State students are required not to absent them¬
selves at any time during the school year from more than eight
consecutive weeks on pain of forfeiting their certificates.
State students may take either Normal or Commercial
Courses, combined with some line of Industrial work^
Students who select industrial work must continue in the line
selected during the year.
A diploma is awarded to those who complete the Norma*
and Commercial Courses, and a certificate to those who com¬
plete an Industrial or the Shorthand and Typewriting Course,,
if literary conditions are fulfilled.
We invite attention to the advantages offered in our In¬
dustrial courses.
Senators and Representatives who appoint State students-
to this department, are respectfully asked to give the prefer¬
ence to those who are prepared to enter upon the Normal or
Commercial courses on the other hand, or to those who intend
to follow one or more industries to completion. The crowded
condition of our buildings, would urge this suggestion, if no-
other demand were upon us.
O'Neill Hall, erected in 1890, is a fine brick building",fiver
stories high, including mansard story and basement, and fur-
WILBERFORCK UNIYICRSITY
75
nishes dormitory accommodation for eighty young men. On
the first floor are the Normal, Normal Art and library
rooms. The dimensions are 120x42 feet; foundation of
blue limestone; superstructure of brick with tin roof. The
hall is provided with all modern conveniences, and its
completion marked an epoch in the educational facilities at
this institution.
The dormitories are furnished with bedsteads,spring mat¬
tresses and pillows, dressers washstands, chairs and tables;
heated by hot water, supplied with bath-rooms and laundry.
Fire escapes and Babcock fire-extinguishers have been provid¬
ed; also hose attachment with water works system.
The new dormitory for young ladies, Arnett Hall, accom¬
modates over one hundred, and was occupied in Sept., 1903.
It contains laundry, kitchen, dining rooms, and affords ac¬
commodation for Cooking, Sewing and Music Departments.
There are also parlors and a large reception room. It is heat¬
ed with hot water and supplied with modern conveniences.
The carpentry work was all done by students under the super¬
vision of the head of the Carpentry Department, affording the
best possible example of what the students can do.
To the philanthropy of the state of Ohio is due the pro¬
gress made in the direction of buildings and increased facilities.
No language can measure the service rendered to the cause of
education by our noble bodies of legislators.
The use of power and electricity was introduced in 1895,
a forty horse-power engine and a 500 incandecent dynamo was
employed for that pupose. These were destroyed when the
Carpentry building was burned in 1902—a three-story brick-
sheathed structure erected chiefly by the students in 1895.
In 1900 a new brick building, Howells Hall, was erected
for the Printing Department and equipped with a Cranston
Impoved Newspaper and Book press, an 8x12 Chandler and
Price Gorden; about 600 pounds of body type, and about 80
fonts of job type. Other additions have been made, enabling
us to give student thorough practical training. Under the
supervision of the head of this Department, the students now
74
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
print catalogues, reports, diplomas and other school work.
The same year a beginning in Shoemaking was made
which has been carried foward regularly under hampered
conditions. Provision however, has been made for this indus¬
try in the new Trades Building which was erected 1905-06
and the shoemaker moved into his new quarters in September
1906.
The Legislature made provision . for increasing the in¬
dustries so as to include Millinery, Blacksmithing, Brickmak-
ing, Bricklaying, Stone-masonry, Tailoring, Plumbing and
Machine work. A building was erected in 1902 for the Black-
smithing, containing five forges and all necessary facilities for
instruction of students. The work in Millinery was also begun
and is being carried forward with very satisfactory results
These added industries with Millinery has also found quarters
in the new Trades Building.
The Legislature of 1904 set apart means for a light and
heating plant, which is now in operation in a building erected
in the same year. A carpenter shop as a part of the new Trades
Building was erected at the same time. The students not only
did the carpentry work 011 these new buildings, but also put in
concrete foundations, moulded the concrete blocks for trim¬
mings and assisted in laying the brick walls.
From this central power plant, all buildings are heated.
They will also be furnished with electric lights together with
the grounds.
A farm of 130 acres of land adjoining the University
grounds has been bought, under the direction of the Board,
and developments in Agriculture are now in progress.
Most valuable lectures on practical farming and domestic
animals have been given from time to time by prominent
specialists residing in the county.
WIEBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
75
COURSE of STUDY
Normal
The Normal Course aims to meet the growing demand for
professionally trained teachers. The "New Education" de¬
mands that the teacher shall know what he is to train, why
and how—that he shall keep pace with the age in its education¬
al theories and practices, and that he shall have a foundation
in culture studies sufficient for a strong mental grasp of the
padagogical work. To this last end the requirements in the
culture studies of this curriculum bend. Students recite in
these studies with college classes except in Literature.
The pedagogical work consists of General and Educational
Psycology with Philosophy of Education, History of Educa¬
tion, General and Special Pedagogy, School Economy and
Practice teaching.
General and Educational Psychology. —This course
gives a foundation for all educational theory and method. It
begins with study of the nervous system, sensations, followed
by mental processes. It discusses such topics as aim of educa¬
tion and instruction, self activity, attention, interest, correla¬
tion, apperception, and imagination, habit, memory and asso¬
ciation, also the emotions, preparatory to Ethics. Child study
also receives attention.
Philosophy of Education.—-This is carried on in con¬
nection with the preceeding by lectures on the principles of ed¬
ucation and discussion of special topics, as educational value
and development.
History of Education.—The aim here is to give a clear
view of the general trend and progress of education by study¬
ing the history of education, institutions, the theories, systems,
methods and individual educational leaders with critical reading
of educational classics;tlie evolution of the public school system
in the United States,some typical city system, types of schools
present tendencies in education and their value,etc. Kinder-
garden work is illustrated. Essays are prepared.
76
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
General and Special Pedagogy.—Here the aim is first
to show the relation of education as a science to other sciences
as sociology, etc., to show what problems are met in education
and to present special literature upon the subject. The special
methods include language (reading and grammar), geography
literature aud history, number, arithmetic, a;:d nature study.
Grammar and Reading.—Grammar is considered as a
science. The formal steps of instruction are studied and a
typical course in language planned. Reading methods include
study of fundamental principles involved in teaching reading
a review and comparison of various methods, and preparation
of typical lessons.
Geography Methods aim to teach not only what Geog¬
raphy is, the preliminary work in home geography, the rela¬
tion of concepts such as relief, drainage, soil, climate, produc¬
tions with practical work and consideration of the proper use
of text books, but also the relation the subject bears to the
other subjects. A graded course is outlined and discussed.
History Methods take up discussion of topics and typic¬
al periods as centers for work, rise from chronicles, and narra¬
tive to history proper, comparison of old and new methods.
Number and Arithmetic Methods evolution of numbers,
discussion of Griibe and Speer systems of teaching, child's first
notions, relations, analytic aud synthetic processes, operations
and their order, with an outlined grade course, the develop¬
ment of arithmetic—expression . logical order of subjects,neces¬
sary topics for public schools, text-books, plans of develop¬
ment of difficult points.
Nature Study work includes stud}- of its place in schools
and relation to other studies, its educational value, how studied
in elementary schools and how correlated with other work.
Graded courses are arranged appl}nng to Plants, Animals, Min-
erals(preparatory for physical geography).Physics and Chem¬
istry (water, air and heat as earth forces^.
School Economy.—The work here discusses plans,objects
and requisites of public schools, school-houses, furniture, ap¬
paratus, library, records, organization, qualifications, rights and
duties of teacher, schoolroom habits, recitations, objects, in¬
centives, study and government.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
77
Literature-—This work extends over the four years of
the course. The aim is to make it a means of culture—form¬
ing and directing taste in reading and gaining high ideals in
life, as well as giving discipline and knowledge. The relation
©f history to the literature of each period is brought out by
lectures and chart work. Rhetoric and composition are con¬
sidered throughout the course- The first year is taken up with
selections from both American and English authors. Regular
work begins the second year with review of early English his¬
tory and the introduction into the English language of its
various elements- Chaucer's Prologue to the Canterbury Tales,
with supplementary reading follows; two cantos of Spencer's
Faery Queen are read in class; two plays of Shakespeare are
•critically studied, others read; of Bacon's essays, three or four
are studied; Milton's Comus, L'Allegio and II Penseroso are
studied, Lycidas, read; two books of Paradise Lost are studied.
The Restoration period is touched upon. Pope's Essay on
Man is read, Essay on Criticism, studied, also his Iliad, (Book's
I, VI. XXII, XXIV), and comparison made with Bryant's
translation, Earl Derby's and others- Selections from Roger
De Coverly and other Spectator essays are studied. Lectures
are given on the Nature poets; Gray, Cowper and Goldsmith
studied through selections, Vicar of Wakefield read, Word-
worth's Ode on Immortality and Tintern Abbey read, Burns'
Cotter's Saturday Night studied, also Bryon'sFourth Canto of
Childe Harold. Scott's life is studied and Ivanhoe read.
Shelly's Skylark and Adonais are read and Coleridge's Ancient
Mariner is studied. An exhaustive study is made of Tenny¬
son. The Princess and Idylls of the King are studied, many
poems read. A course of ten lectures is given in this connect¬
ion on (l) Chivalry as an Institution, (2) Motive Force of
-Greek Chivalry, (3) Ancient Idylls and Idyll Makers, (4)
Modern Idylls, (5) Tennyson's Minor Idylls, (6) The Arthu¬
rian Story, (7&8) Tennyson's Idylls of the King, (9) Tenny¬
son's Debt, (10) Tennyson's Message to the World.
All possible supplementary reading is required. Criti¬
ques are studied, synopsis of reading work is given, essays
78
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
are written, lives studied, quotations constantly memorized, and
poems are illustrated by original drawings or by use of select¬
ed pictures. The work closes in Senior year with Methods of
teaching literature given by lectures and practical work, cover¬
ing aims, means and methods.
The aim of the entire Normal Course is to teach how best
to develop the mind of the child, also that the subject is to be
taught rather than the text-book.
COURSE OF STUDY
Students to be admitted to this course must have passed
through the studies of the English Preparatory Department.
FIRST YEAR—first term: Algebra, Well's Essentials.
General History, Myers. Latin, Beginner's Latin Book, Col¬
lar and Daniel, Pennel's Roman History, Kelsej^'s Mythology.
Rhetoric (3). Literature (2). Drawing (2).
second term: Algebra Well's Essentials. General His¬
tory, Myers term). Latin, Beginner's Latin Book, Col¬
lar and Daniel, Pannel's Roman History, Kelsey's Mythology.
Botany, Gray term). Rhetoric (3). Literature (2)
Drawing (2).
third term: Algebra, Well's Essentials. Latin, Read¬
ing, Grammar, Botany, Gray. Rhetoric (3). Literature (2).
Drawing.
MIDDLE YEAR—first term: Geometry, Phillips &
Fisher. Physics, Gage. Latin, Caesar, Grammar. Litera¬
ture^). Drawing(2).
second term: Geometry, Phillips & Fisher. Physics,
Gage. Latin, Caesar. Literature (3). Drawing (2). School
Economy (2).
third term: Geometry, Phillips & Fisher. Physics,
Gage. Latin, Cicero's Orations, Literature (2). Drawing
Methods (2). School Economy (2).
JUNIOR YEAR—first term: College Algebra, Wells.
Chemistry, Ortou. Philosophy of Education, General Method-
Literature (3). Voice Culture (optional) (1).
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
79
second term: College Algebra, Wells. Zoology, Orton
(}4 term). Chemistry term). History of Education.
Literature (3). Trimary Methods (Reading) (2). Voice Cul¬
ture (optional) (1).
third term: College Algebra, Wells. Zoology. Liter¬
ature (2). Methods (Number and Arithmetic) (3). Voice
Culture (optional) (1).
SENIOR YEAR—first term; Ethics (2). Literature(2)
Geography Methods (3). Astronomy, Young. Teaching,
Practice work (5). Observation (2).
second term: Ethicsterm). Literature (2). Lang-
uage(3). Methods Mineralogy and Geology, Dana. Teach¬
ing, Practice work(5). Observation(2).
third term: Geology, Dana. Literature(2). Methods:
Literature and History, Teachers' General Class(i)Teaching*
Practice work(5). Observation^).
Declamations, Essays, Select Readings throughout the Course.
The figures in parentheses refer to the number of recitations a week.
Course of Reading connected with the Professional work in the Senior Year.
S. C. Scarborough, Principal
So
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
COURSE IN COMMERCE
The course in Commerce has practical value for all young
men looking foward to careers in business. It aims to give
the student an understanding of the principles which underlie
all business operations, to aquaint him with some of the prob¬
lems which every business man must solve, and to furnish
him with information which will aid in the solution of such
problems- On the side of finance, the student studies corpor¬
ations, practical banking, the nature of money and credit, the
principles of investments, and the various factors which influ¬
ence changes in the markets. On the side of industry, he be¬
gins with the study of raw material, he learns where they are
produced and the cost of production, to what markets they
move, into what products they are converted, what is the nat¬
ure of the demand they satisfy, and the causes of price fluctu¬
ations to which they are subject.
ADMISSION
Students to enter this Course, must have passed through
the studies of the Middle Year Normal. Diplomas from high
schools and certificates from colleges or Universities of good
standing or other evidence of educational attainments will be
accepted.
An application for admission who may be somewhat in ar¬
rears in any given subject, will find opportunity to make up
his work in the college, and will be accredited for the same.
ACCOUNTING
The purpose of this course is to lay a solid foundation in
the knowledge of accountancy. To this end a complete series
of transactions to be entered in a set of forms and books, is
made the basis of class study.
introdutory part. The elements of double entry book¬
keeping ; the fundamental principles of debits and credits;
drill work in jounrnalizing, posting, and trial balance taking;
preparation of business statements ; closing of the books,open¬
ing and closing of a simple profit and loss account, and adjust¬
ment of the proprietor's accounts.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
advanced accounting practice. The basis of this course
is analysis. The student is carried fovvard to a thorough
familiarity with accounting as an art, and the scientific appli-
"cation of recognized rules pertaining to accounts in general.
Analytical statements of cost production are made revealing
the strong and weak points of business, and showing how the
profits are made and how loses may be avoided through the
medium of a comprehensible arrangement of the accounts.
business organization. A study is made of the inter¬
nal management of a large business, the differentiation of the
duties of various departments, the advantages of various
methods of organization as regards economy and the preserva¬
tion of good-will, trademarks, local interests, and so on.
INDUSTIAL, GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES
The economic demands created by the concentration of
population in certain sections of the United States and the dis¬
tribution of natural resources to meet those demands are first
discribed. Following, the leading products of the country,
wheat, cotton, corn, iron and steel, copper, lumber, leather,
and so on, are taken up in order and studied with reference
to their chief centres of production, facilities and charges and
•competitive conditions.
COMMERCIAL, AND INDUSTRIAL, HISTORY
The course begins with the economic development of
England previous to the Industrial Revolution and includes a
study of the various inventions in the cotton, steel and other
industries which have greatly lowered the the cost of produc¬
tion and so contribute to the industrial expansion of the Unit¬
ed States. The industrial causes and effects of our wars and
tariffs are discussed ; the growth of trusts and their signifi¬
cance ; the present position of the United States as compared
with other countries.
SALESMANSHIP
This course is designed to give a thorough training in
practical salesmanship and to add directly to the students
money-making, and business ability. The course progresses
82
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
step by step through the various stages of salesmanship,,
up to planting, organizing, and managing various businesses.
Among the topics considered are the pre-approach ; the ap¬
proach, the demonstration,the close,studing the customer, anal¬
ysis of goods, business logic, effectiveness in presenting argu¬
ments, etc.
ADVERTISING
The characteristics of various advertising media are dis¬
cussed. The circulations of newspapers are analised with a
view to determine their quality and drawing power for differ¬
ent classes of goods.
FINANCE
Money, Banking and Finance. This course begins by
showing how the savings of society find their way into the
bank, being thus converted into loanable funds ; how the use
of credit enables the bank to expand its loans and deposits
much beyond the amount on hand.
INVESTMENT AND SPECULATION
The source of funds seeking investment, the nature and
value of various commercial papers, the advantages of different
classes of paper are studied with the view of giving the student
some idea of the various influences that effect change in the
markets. The method of instruction aims to eliminate purely
technical details, and yet retain all the rules and principles of
each subject which may be useful to the student. The sub¬
jects are presented to the student in the most thorough and
effective manner, while at the same time, by careful condensa¬
tion, this is done in p much shorter time than would otherwise
be possible.
COMMERCIAL LAW
A large part of the work consists in study of the facts in¬
volved in the specially selected cases upon which the courts
have rendered decisions. The student is shown how the
principles and rules apply to these cases and is guided in mak¬
ing such applications for himself. General discussion of the
various cases is required and every student is encouraged to>
WIEBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
83
take part. In every way the student is ai led to train his own
mind to use the knowledge acquired.
The following subjects are considered :
contracts.—In general, parties, infancy, insanity, mar¬
ried women, offer and accept ence, consideration, reality of
consent—mistake, reality of consent—fraud subject matter,
operation of contract, statute of frauds, sale, of goods act,
discharge of contract, damages, discharge of right of action.
sales of personal property.—In general, fixtures,
parties to a sale, the contract of sale, conditional sale, warran¬
ties, remedies for breach.
negotiable instruments.—In general,promissory notes,
bills of exchange, checks, negotiation, defenses, discharge,
interest and usury.
agency.—In general, relation of principal, and agent,
obligation of principal to agent, obligation of agent to princi¬
pal, obligation of third party to principal, obligation of agent
to third party, termination of the relation of principal and
agent, change in condition of the parties.
bailment.—In general, bailment for the bailor's sole
benefit, bailment for bailee's sole benefit, innkeeper's, com¬
mon carriers, carriers of passengers.
partnership.—In general, rights of partners between
themselves, liabilities of partners to third parties, remedies
against the partnership, dissolution, joint stock companies.
corporations.—In general, powers and liabilities ofcrr-
porations, dissolution of a corporation, membership in a cor¬
poration, management of corporations, rights of creditors of
corporations.
insurance.—In general, fire insurance, fire insurance
policy, life insurance, marine insurance, casualty insurance.
real property.—In general, estate in land, estates by
marriage, sale and conveyance of real estate, deeds, mortgages,
landlord and tenant.
Limitation of actions, interest table, days of grace, courts
and their jurisdiction, statute of frauds—married women, ex¬
emption laws, chattel mortgages.
84
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
POLITICAL ECONOMY
The elements of Economic Science. A general survey
based upon the study and discussion of a text-book supplement¬
ed by reading and exercises in economic literature.
economic statistics.—Prices, wages, labor, financial
statistics, etc. will be studied. In this course students are re¬
quired to do a thorough piece of statistical investigation under
the immediate guidance of an instructor.
COURSE OF STUDY
junior year
First term—1 Mathematics, 2 Commercial Law,*3 Com¬
mercial Raw Materials.
second term—3a Commercial and Industrial Geography,
4 Economics, 5 Bookkeeping.
third term—4a Economic Statistics, 5a Advanced Ac¬
counting, 6 Salesmanship.
senior year
first term—4b Political Economy, 7 Investment and
Speculation, 8 Commercial and Industrial History.
second term—9 International Law, 7a Monej^, Banking
and Finance, 4b Political Economy.
Third term—10 Advertising, 7b Business Organization
and Administration.
elective studies (French or German)
These studies occupy five hours per week during the Jun¬
ior and Senior years, and furnish an opportunity for a study
of modern languages used in commercial intercourse.
William B. Bush, Director
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
' SHORTHAND and TYPEWRITING
This course consists of: Graham Standard Phonography
Touch Typewriting, Commercial and Railway Billing Clerks,
Business Spelling and Court reporting.
Within the past few years the stenographer and operator
of the typewriter has become absolutely indispensable in every
department of business where it is necessary to preserve the
exact words of the business man, lawyer, judge, witness or im¬
portant addresses delivered in assemblies. For the business
man it is a great saving of time and energy, for this reason
the demand for competent stenographers is increasing daily.
There is no important business office that does not em¬
ploy at least one stenographer. It is to-day one of the most
promising careers open to young men and women. The work
is refining, attractive and remunerative. Charles Reed, the
English novelist has well said: "A stenographer who can
typewrite his own notes would be safer from poverty than a
Greek scholar."
Typewriting is the finest product of stenography and the
department gives it equal attention. The touch method is
taught; the student operates the machine without looking at
the keys, and by this system the most gratifying results have
been obtained. The Remington, Underwood, Smith Premier,
the condensed Charging Machine, Rilling Apparatus and other
modern machines are used, thus enabling students to become
familiar with all typewriters iti the market. Students looking
forward to taking this course will find in the department al}
modern improvements belonging to first-class business schools.
A complete ear-tube Phonographic Dictation Outfit for
continuous dictation is used for the students reaching the place
for verbatim reporting, giving of speed from 70 to 250 words
per minute. It is remarkably distinct and invaluable to those
who wish to increase their speed in typewriting. Special in¬
structions given to students in the use of the Mimeograph and
Hektograph Manifold.
No efforts are spared cn { art of instructor to fit the stu¬
dent for future usefulness. Our chief aim is not only thorough-
86
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
ness, neatness and accuracy, but to instill principles of moral¬
ity and honesty, and to send out reliable young people.
COMMERCIAL AND RAILWAY BILLING CLERKS
This work offers exceptional advantages for speedy em¬
ployment of typewriter operators.
Wholesale and retail business firms are introducing the
tabulating machine in the Card System of Bookkeeping and
Condensing of Accounts. To meet this demand the student is
thoroughly instructed in all that pertains to tabulating by the
touch method, so that those who complete the Course can im¬
mediately enter a commercial office and do efficient work.
The salaries of competent billing clerks are fifty per cent great¬
er than those who use the pen. The work consists in Railroad
Billing, Wholesale Dry Goods Billing, Bank Remittance,
Wholesale Grocery Billing, Railway Abstracting, &c.
COURT REPORTING
Court Reporting is an art within itself. This part of the
course is intended more particularly for the students who de¬
sire to fit themselves as Court Reporters, and it is very use¬
ful to every student. The student is familiarized with legal
phrases and forms, and is drilled in taking all kinds of court
testimony.
BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE
Two-thirds of to-day's business is transacted by corres¬
pondence, It is therefore essential that the yonng man or
young lady qualifying for a position should be able to dictate
or write letters in a clear, concise and business-like way.
The instruction consists in Punctuation, use of Capital
letters, Spelling, Paragraphing, the Construction and proper
arrangement of letters. The student is required to write let¬
ters pertaining to all kinds of business and these are submitted
for correction, thus he gradually acquires facilities for the ex¬
pression of his thoughts and becomes a proficient letter writer.
PRACTICAL OFFICE WORK
After completing the prescribed work in shorthand and
typewriting, the student is advanced to the "Model Office,"
where practical experience is given in the performance of every
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
87
duty devolving upon a stenographer in a business office, not
only shorthand and typewriting work, but the student has
charge of the office, letter filing, copying, card indexing, and
the use of all modern office devices and appliances, including
the use of the telephone.
COURSE OF LECTURES
A special course of lectures by professional business men
have been arranged during the school year for the benefit of
the students. Business, Office work, Court and general report¬
ing, typewriting and preparation of matter for the mail and
other interests of the students are discussed.
COURSE OF STUDY
first term: Shorthand: Principles; Theory; Prefixes;
Typewriting: Care of machine; Learning divisions of Key
Board; Proper method of Fingering. First Grade, Finger
Exercises.
Spelling: Written Exercises. Commercial words and phrases.
Technical terms.
second term: Shorthand: Cumulative Principles.
^Simple Phrasing. Word Signs. Nomenclature.
Typewriting: Second Grade, Copying from Rough Draft.
Mechanical and Intelligent Operator.
Correspondence: Social Correspondence. Business Cor¬
respondence. Postal Information.
third term: Shorthand: Drill for Speed. Sight Rea¬
ding. Transcribing Notes.
Typewriting: Fourth Grade, Letter Writing. Address¬
ing Envelopes. Dictation.
SECOND YEAR—first term : Shorthand : Amanuen¬
sis work. Office Dictation. Special Contractions.
Typewriting : Fourth Grade, Arrangement of Promis¬
cuous Matter. Writing Letters from Shorthand Notes.
second term : Shorthand : - Special Phrasing. Drill
for Speed.
Typewriting: Legal Copying. Billing. Letter Press
Copying. Manifolding. Mimeographing.
third term : Shorthand : Court and Newspaper Re¬
porting. Short Methods.
Typewriting: Preparing Bills of Exception. Legal
Papers. Tabulating Work. Court Testimony. Civil Service
Examinations.
Chas. S. Smith, Instructor
88
ANNUAL CATALOGUE-
NORMAL ART
The main object of Normal Art and drawing is to pre¬
pare teachers for normal and graded school work.
Drawing is a means to refine and develop character. It de¬
velops the esthetic nature of the student, creates appreciation for*
grace, fitness, proportion, form, magnitude and space relations..
Drawing, modeling and designing are great means of de¬
veloping patience, giving control over muscles,, and giving powv
er for mental concentration.
We are not confined to any one drawing system, the in¬
struction is broad enough to enable one to teach any system.
DRAWING. Freehand from type solids, common objects;
vegetables, foliage, pottery, fruit, sketching from life, still lifer
and campus.
DESIGNING. Designs for borders, surfaces, books and
magazines,
COMPOSITION. Study of the parts of a picture, the.-
arrangement, light and shade, color, tone, action, foreground,,
middle ground and distance.
ILLUSTRATING. Illustrate poetry, prose and stories for-
literary or scientific work.
MEDIUM USED. Oil, water color, charcoal, crayon,,
pastel, pencil.
ANTIQUE.—For this work we are well supplied with an¬
tique statuary, special attention is given.
LIFE STUDY.—Poetry drawing, study of proportion and!
details of human figure, head, eyes, nose, mouthr ears, facial,
expression and action study.
HISTORY of ART and PAINTING.—Lectures are give®,
on the lives and work of great artists, as, Cimabue, Raphael.,,
Michael Angelo, Giotto, Correggio, Murrillo, Valasquez, Millet,.,
Rambrandt, Turner and others.
CONSTRUCTION WORK. -Material used, raffia, rattan,,
wood ribbon, twine and cloth. Baskets of various shapes, sizes-
and designs, hats, mats, wall pockets and many other usefuE.
articles are taught to be made.
CLAY MODELING.—Beginning with simple forms, type-
solids, foliage, fruits, vegetables, fragments of the human form
and antique
HIGHER WORK.—Special classes in higher work are^
taught. Persons entering this class must show special talenfc
and fitness.
C. H. Johns©!?Instructor
WILBERFORCE UNIVERS1TY
vocal music course
Voice Culture is a distinct branch in the Department of
Music and holds the same rank as Instrumental Music. The
art of singing is the foundation of all true Musical Culture,
The study of instruments cannot cultivate the ear to that per¬
fection which is attained by the careful stud}' of vocal music.
Every one should learn to sing, Song is Man's own true pe¬
culiar music. The voice is our peculiar connate instrument;
it is the living sympathetic organ of our soul. Whatever
moves within us, whatever sensation or emotion we feel, be¬
comes immediately embodied and is perceptable in our voice.
The ability to sing is like any of the natural powers
which God has given us. The true Cultivation of the voice
consists in the development of pure tone, correct use of the
breath, intonation, attack, legate, accent, phrasing and enun¬
ciation, which are the leading features of technical drill.
SINGING CLASSES
Students are graded in Vocal Music and promoted on ex¬
amination. With application it is possible for all who take
this course to learn notation, and read readily any ordinary
composition. Those completing the work are thoroughly pre¬
pared to begin successfully Voice Culture.
THE S. COLERIDGE TAYLOR CHORAL UNION
The object of this organization is to study and from time
to time present in public Standard Musical compositions of
advanced character, including Masses, Cantattas, Oratorio's and
Operas, and in general to foster and promote the interests of
Music. A Glee Club, Women's Chorus, Church Chior, and
University Choir have been maintained affording excellent op¬
portunities for the development of those who appear in public.
COURSE OF STUDY
Elementary: Notation. One, Two and Three part singing
Choral singing begun.
Intermediate: Notation. One, Two, Three and Four part
singing, Sight reading commenced, Choral singing continued.
Advanced: Notation. Sightreading, Chorus singing, Di¬
recting.
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Lessons in Musical History,—Fillmore. Harmony and Ear
Training,—White. Voice Culture begun.
SPECIAL WORK IN VOICE CULTURE
Choral classses composed of the elementary, intermediate,
and advanced music classes, allowing one hour per week for
practice-aside from their regular work. From these classes,
selections are made for the S. Coleridge Taylor Choral Union,
University Choir, Church Choir, Glee Club, Women's GClef
Club etc. Such an arrangement greatly improves the con¬
gregational, Choir and individual singing. Much is done to
cultivate a desire for work on the part of the student that will
lead them to the higher attainment of musical culture for
which our students as a class are apt.
-fiQP" All students who cannot give satisfactory evidence that
they have completed this course elsewhere are required to take
the work as here outlined. Tuition for special voice culture
is the same as for instumental music.
George T. Simpson,
Instructor.
PRINTING
During the past few years there has been a decided move¬
ment in favor of better technical training in the Art of Print¬
ing and the Allied Industries. Schools are being established
for the purpose of educating this class of craftsmen. Correct
notions of type designs, color harmony and the working out
of detail are making of the compositor an artist in his particu¬
lar line of work. The aim of this course is to meet to some
extent the modern demands for such craftsmen and to give
the student a practical and theoretical knowledge of news¬
paper, book and commercial printing.
The office is fittedwith a Cranston cylinder press, an 8 x 12
Chandler & Price Gordon job press, a thirty-two inch power
paper cutter, a Boston wire-stitcher and a perforator. An ade¬
quate supply of job and body type is installed.
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY 91
COURSE OF STUDY
FIRST YEAR—first term: Care of office, presses,,
rollers, stones, cases and galleys, Study of Punctuation.
second term: Learning type faces, sizes and names em¬
ployed, as well as the American point system. Learning the
technical terms used in the printer's trade; signs and proof¬
reader's marks; the lay of the American News and Job cases.
Rules for Correct Composition.
Third term; Manuscript reading, punctuation, capitali¬
zation and construction of sentences. Leaning how to make
ready on a job press. Practice for accuracy and speed, in
Straight Composition.
SECOND YEAR—first term: Learning how to make
ready and run a cylinder press. Careful attention given to
gripper margin as well as the register of pages, impression, and
distribution of the ink. Designing.
second term: Learning the care of ink and the mixing
of colors. Color and Space harmony. Printing from half tone
cuts. Learning to make letter pads, scratch pads and blank
books. Use of paper cutter.
third term: Learning names and sizes of papers Letter-
neads, Programmes, Briefs, Posters, Dodgers, Business and
Visiting cards.
THIRD YEAR—first term: Job composition from
Pen and Ink Sketches. The study of design and color as ap¬
plied to the art of Printing. Care is taken in teaching the
importance of even spacing, careful justification and accurate
punctuation.
second term: Measuring type, casting off copy, impos¬
ing news and book forms. Hand lettering. "Ad"' Composi¬
tion.
third term: Overlays and underlays on book forms
and half tone cuts. Making out orders for type and materials
for the office. Estimating on the cost of small jobs, Design¬
ing. Writing essays on the printer's Art and allied subjects.
Lectures on color printing, journalism and the progress of the*
art.
Frederick A. McGinnis, Instructor.
<)2
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
SEWING
Sewing has of late year become so valuable an art that a
young woman's education is no longer considered complete
without some knowledge of this very important branch. Be¬
cause of this fact, to the curriculum of most public and high
schools and seminaries, sewing has been added.
The course has been planned so as to impress thoroughly
upon the student the value of order, accuracy in sewing, econ¬
omy in cutting, the art of buying, the various kinds and quali¬
ties of materials, and the colors, materials and trimmings
suited to the different types of figures. The aim of this de¬
partment is to fit young women to meet especially the increas¬
ing demand for trained teachers and also prepare them to
become practical dressmakers.
Each student is required to furnish and make for herself
at least five dresses and take oney ear tailoring before graduation.
COURSE OF STUDY
FIRST YEAR—first term: Position of body and care
of eyes. Threading needles, making knots and using thimble.
Even and uneven basting, running and overhanding. Over¬
casting, stitching and back-stitching. Turning hems by
measure, and hemming. Talks on history of needles, thimbles
and pins.
second term: Felling: flat, bias, and French fell. Ga¬
thering, stroking; putting on bands. French hem on damask;
blind stitching. Putting in gussett, sewing on tape, sewing
on buttons. Making eyelets, blind loops, making button holes.
Talks on buttons, cissors, emery and thread.
third term: Joining and matching laces and embroid¬
ery. Matching" stripes and plaids. Darning, patching and
weaving. Hemstitching and whipping ruffles. Herring bone
stitch 011 flannel. Fancy stitches. Button holes. Aprons
and fancy handkerchiefs. Talk on emery.
SECOND YEAR—first term: Names of machines and
how to operate them, and use attachments. Draughting, cut¬
ting and making drawers and short skirts, Practice in taking
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
93
^eaeasures. Talk on cotton and its manufacture. Fringing
ttowels. Making plain and fancy aprons.
SECOND TERM: Draughting, cutting and making fancy
drawers and long underskirts. Cutting and fitting plain under-
waists.. draughting yoke patterns. Talk on wool and its
amanufacture. Darning pillow tops-
third term: Draughting, cutting and making plain and
fancy corset-covers. Draughting night dresses and sleeves.
Making plain and fancy night dresses. Cutting and making
plain shirtwaists. Talk on growth of flax and manufacture
«of linen. Drawing once a week throughout the year.
THIRD YEAR—first term: Draughting and cutting
plain flare skirts from measure. Making and trimming skirts.
Chitting shirt waists and sleeves from patterns. Basting, fitting
and making shirt waists. Making shirt waists with tucks,
plaits etc. Instruction in choice of material including material
for house and street wear, color and texture. Draughting and
motes once a week throughout the year.
second term: Study of form, line and proportion in re¬
lation to draping and trimming. Draughting and cutting
tucked and plaited skirts. Basting, fitting and making tucked
skirts. Cutting and matching stripes and plaids. Draughting,
cutting and making dressing jackets and wrappers. Instruct¬
ions on dress skirt plackets. Finishing the bottom of skirts.
Practice in use of colors.
third term: Draughting, cutting and basting lining of
waist. Stitching lining and finishing seams. Arranging for
Ihooks and eyes. Covering same. Boning waists. Draughting
waists and sleeves- Cutting and making shirred skirts. Ad-
tranced work in making complete suits from different materials.
Julia Gee, Instructor.
94
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
MILLINERY
Millinery is an art which may be easily mastered, is
very fascinating, and best of all, very remunerative. Few
women realize the money which can be made and saved by do¬
ing millinery work, and for this reason every girl should avail
herself of the opportunity to learn this very valuable branch
of Domestic Art. As no substantial structure can be built with¬
out a good foundation, so no art can be acquired without a
knowledge of the principles governing it. These in millinery,
are the mechanical part, the artistic and the fine points; and
to arrange our course, which covers a period of one year, so as
to give the student a thorough training in the practical and
artistic principles of millinery, so that they may be fitted to do
good and efficient work along this line.
COURSE OF STUDY
first term: i . Drawing and cutting patterns for buck¬
ram frames, also patterns for bandeaux. 2. Study of band¬
eaux and their use. 3. Making and covering buckram frames.
4. Making bandeaux. 5. Making wire frames. 6. Mak¬
ing folds and bindings. 7. Cleaning laces, ribbons and velvet-
8. Drawing throughout the course.
second term: 1. Making rosettes of silk, ribbon, velvet
and net. 2. Making bows. 3. Making knots, twists and
drapes. 4. Making shirred, tucked and fancy facings. 5.
Cleaning, curling and steaming feathers. 6. Mirrowing
velvet. 7. Remodeling hats.
third term: 1. Making straw and other hats. 2.
Making and draping mourning hats and bonnets. 3. Makings
ladies and childrens shirred hats. 4. Advanced work; train¬
ing, copying and designing.
Minnie Battles, Instructor
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
95
COOKING
"Cooking is the art of preparing food for the nourishment
of the human body.
Within the past few years much interest has been taken
in this particular branch of Domestic Science. The rapid and
marked improvement in cooking utensils ; the introduction of
new fuels for cooking purposes ; valuable research along the
line of Food Economy; the establishment by the government
of Food Experiment Stations ; and the introduction of cooking
classes into the public schools, girls' academies and seminaries
and even into universities, have all helped to bring the matter
before the public ; so that " Scientific Cooking " is no longer
a mere fad, but a demand of the present age.
To obtain the most nutritious food with the least expen¬
diture of time or labor; and to prepare it with the least possible
waste of food material is the problem of the present day. The
resources of our country are such as to make it possible for
every intelligent and energetic American to be well fed at the
minimum cost. The aim of this course is to put that possibil¬
ity within reach of all who wall avail themselves of the oppor¬
tunity.
COURSE OF STUDY
FIRST YEAR—first term: Names, care and use of
utensils. Various kinds of fuel. The range, its care and
making of good fires. Study of chemical composition of all
meats and relative value to the system. Practical lessons in
preparation of various soups, meats, etc.
second term; Chemical composition of the various kinds
of milk, cream, cheese, butter, eggs and fish. The use of same
to the body. Practical lessons in preparing food made of the
above. Study of the yeast plant. The making of various
kinds of yeast and plain breads.
third term; The study of composition of the body. Five
food principles. Foreign matter. Nutrition. Way in which
food supplies wants of the body. Adaptation of food to
climate, age and occupation. Study of various digestive juices
of the stomach. Practical lessons in preparation of various
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
vegetables, cereals, soda and baking powder breads,pastry and
plain cookies, etc-
SECOND YEAR—first term : Study of starch, grain
and various cereals. Practical lessons in canning and preserv¬
ing etc.
second term : Study of all kinds of vegetables. Prac¬
tical lessons in advance, making cake, pastry and first lessons
in candy making and baking powder extracts.
third term : Study of the various kinds of fruits.' Prac¬
tical lessons in salad dressings, sauces, desserts and etc.
THIRD YEAR—first term : Studies of oleaginous,
•saccharine and farinaceous preparations and relative value to
the system. Advance practical work in canning, preserving
etG-
second term : Study 6f alcoholic and non-alcoholic bev¬
erages. Advance work in cake making, bonbons, pastry etc.
third term: Making of original recipes. Menus, requisi¬
tions etc. Laying the table. Cooking and serving meals.
Taking" inventory. Reveiw of practical work. In alphabetical
order each third year student is required to teach, also write a
paper on a given subject pertaining to food and health of not
less than 300 words.
Students not having completed the Third Year English
studies will not be granted certificates.
The standard of the pupil in culinary art is taken from
•daily practical work, neatness and their theory.
Minnie Maxwell, Instructor.
WIL3ERFORCE UNIVERSITY
97
CARPENTRY
The art of Carpentry consists of the theoretical and prac¬
tical knowledge necessary to properly execute all classes of
structural work composed of wood.
It is not enough for a person to be styled a good work¬
man, who may perhaps be able to perform a good job of work
after it is laid out for him by a more competent hand ; the
workman of today must understand the principles of his trade
and be able to apply them in practice. Such a one has a de¬
cided advantage over his fellow workman.
With a well equipped shop and frequent opportunities for
practical building, the student has special advantages in ac¬
quiring a knowledge of the trade.
This course is supplemented by a special course in Archi¬
tectural Drawing, which gives the student the necessary prac¬
tice to understand and make working drawings.
Throughout the course instruction is given in theoretical
as well as practical Carpentry.
COURSE OF STUDY
FIRST YEAR : Names, care and use of tools ; sawing
squaring, planing &c. Joinery ; halving, scarfing, mitering,
mortising and tenoning, (work is done from drawings ) As¬
sisting in practical work, flooring, shingling &c.
SECOND YEAR : Framing, window and door frames,
shop work, cabinet work, inside finish, machine work, steel
square.
THIRD YEAR : Steel square, roof framing, stair
building, estimating quantities, practical and machine work
when necessary.
W- A. Smith, Instructor
98
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
APPLIED MECHANICS
Machine shop work is at the base of all the modern me¬
chanical and industrial arts. With the use of machinery in
almost every phase of our present day life, applied mechanics-
lias become nearly a universal trade.
Few indeed are the established places where young men
of color can be initiated into the mystics of machine practice*
and yet the opportunity for employment is very large when
once they have acquired the experience and knowledge of a
journeyman : also the remuneration for this kind of skilled
labor is above the average of many of the other trades.
It is the purpose of this course to give thorough training
in machine practise, mechanical drawing, and machine design
such that the student on completion will find no difficulty in
obtaining employment and securing good wages for his servi¬
ces.
We are admirably equipped for this purpose : Last year a
mechanical laboratory was installed at a cost of several thous¬
and dollars. It contains all new and modern machines secur¬
ed from the best machine tool manufacturers in America.
This equipment comprises : One 25 H. P. motor for
power, one 6ft. x 24 in. Gray Planer, one 8 ft, x 14 in. Le
Blond Engine Lathe, one 6 ft- x 12 in. Champion Engine
Lathe, One 16 inch Smith and Mills Shaper, one 21 inch Cincin¬
nati Upright Drill, one Sensitive Drill, one Emery Grinder, one
Power Hack Saw and all necessary hand and shop tools.
Mechanical Drawing is a special feature of this course
and every effort is made to make this subject practical and a
valuable adjunct to the shop work-
The drawing room is newly furnished throughout and con¬
tains all the latest appliances to render it entirely modern.
COURSE OF STUDY
first year
first term : Care of shop and machines ; names and
uses of each machine and all shop tools.
Mechanical drawing ; Care and use of instruments, def-
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
99
Initions of Geometrical terms, Geometrical problems, Letter¬
ing and Title making.
second term : Hand tool work at bench and vice.
Mechanical drawing ; Geometrical problems and Element¬
ary projection.
third term : Hand tool work at bench and vice com¬
pleted, work on engine lathe begun ; Mechanical drawing,
problems in projection ; application of projection.
second year
first term : Engine lathe work ; work on upright and
sensitive drills.
Mechanical drawing ; Isometric drawing ; Detail drawing.
second term : Work involving use of power hack saw,
drills, emery grinder and engine lathe-
Lectures on strength and nature, of materials, mechanical
drawing ; machine detail drawing.
Third term : Work on shaper and planer; Lectures on
strength and nature of materials; Mechanical drawing; Ma¬
chine detail drawing.
third year
first term : Construction of some machine or tool, giv¬
ing work on all shop machines and tools.
Mechanical drawing ; Machine designing-
second TERM : Machine construction ; Mechanical '.'raw¬
ing ; Machine designing ; Lectures on shop practice and l-cg::-
omy ■
Tiiirm term : Machine construction ; Mechanical draw¬
ing, Machine designing, Lectures on shop practise and econ¬
omy.
Much additional experience will be obtained by students
taking the above course, as it falls to the lot of the Mechan¬
ical Department to make all necessary repairs m our power
plant and in all the other shops using machinery.
Richard C. Bundy,
Instructor.
30©
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
BLACKSMITHING
FIRST YEAR
Names and use of tools. Special instruction as to the use
of the sledgehammer. Making a forge fire. » Common analy¬
sis of heat. Center punching and drilling. Friction. How
to draw out iron to a point. How to turn corners. How to
make lap links. How to upset. Reason for upsetting. How
to scarf. How to make hooks. Proper heat at which iron
should be worked. Effect of a dirty fire. Process of making
braces. How to remove shoes.
SECOND YEAR
Names of different vehicles and the construction of the
same. Process of welding. The expansion of iron. Names
of different axles. Different kinds of iron and steel. Advan"
tage of a hollow fire. The effect of lead, sulphur and brass in
a forge fire. Process of chain making, tongs, hammers, pun¬
ches etc-
HORSESHOEING
The anatomy of the foot. How to pare the hoof. Effect
of bad shoeing. Different shapes of shoes and their bearing"
upon the foot. How to set the nail. How to clinch the nail-
How to place the shoe in the fire, upon the anvil. Drawing
shoes. Consideration of the shoe to overcome defects in move¬
ment.
THIRD YEAR
Horseshoeing continued.
WOOD WORK
Different kind of wood. Putting in spokes and rims..
Making reaches. Tongues, balesters, handles, head blocks,
spring blocks and repair in general of harrows, plows, etc.
Construction of platform gear. Construction of three spring
gear. Tire setting, axle setting and trueing vehicles. Tool
making, tempering and testing. Spring Welding. Knowledge
of painting and consideration of cost of material.
T. C. Davis, Instructor-
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
lor
PLUMBING
Every one knows the importance of a plumber, but few
realize that if a plumber installs defective material and bad
connections in a building, be it a business house, flat, or a
cottage however beautiful, that building is not a safe place to
reside. In all professions the world is seeking for proficient
men, so it is the purpose of this department to prepare men
with a thorough knowledge of the plumbing art, both scien¬
tific and practical. The department is well equipped with tools
for practical work and there is work to be done at all times in
the different buildings that gives students work, which must
be done with care and precision.
COURSE OF STUDY
FIRST YEAR—first term: Mensuration, mechanics
Freehand drawing.
second term: Gas and Gasfitting, names of pipes and
fittings. Names and care of tools, cutting, threading, fitting
and bending pipes from inch to 2 inch. Piping buildings,.
Free hand drawing.
third term: Electric light wiring and bell work,.
Fundamental principles. Name and use of tools. Interior
wiring calculation. Free hand drawing.
SECOND YEAR—first term: Principles of Heating
and ventilation. Mechanical Drawing.
second term: Steam Heating, fitting and appliances.
third term: Hot water heating, boilers, fitting valves-
and vents, circulation, systems of heating. Mechanical Draw¬
ing.
THIRD YEAR—first term: Plumbing and drainage,
use of materials, tools, mechanical drawing.
second term: Joint wiping of all kinds. Mechanical
drawing.
Third term: Lead Burning, soil, waste and vent pipes,.
Installing fixtures. Mechanical drawing.
FOURTH YEAR—first term: Construction of sewers.
Disposal of sewerage. Mechanical drawing.
102
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
secoxd term: Systems of plumbing and drainage. Me¬
chanical drawing.
Third term: Laws and regulation completed with all
work and estimates assembled. Mechanical drawing.
W. A. Brooks, Instructor.
TAILORING
The increasing demand for first-class tailors, has led to
the establishment of this department. The object is to teach
the trade thoroughly aud therefore obtain satisfactory results.
Young ladies are permitted to enter this department as
well as the young men, and are being taught tailoring under
the direction of the instructor in charge. We believe that the
department will be helpful and valuable.
COURSE OF STUDY
FIRST YEAR—Position of body and hands, threading
needles and basting, sewing and pressing seams, marking
straight lines and using scissors. Making button holes, fell¬
ing, side stitching, french felling, making loops and overcast¬
ing" seams.
SECOND YEAR-—Review of work done the first year.
Making pants and vests.
THIRD YEAR—Review of work done the first and second
years. Making coats. Drafting and cutting, Harmony of
colors, selecting suitable trimmings. Taking measurements
and economy in cutting.
St. Clair Grant, Instructor.
WIIyBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
SHOEMAKING
Among the mechanical arts, shoemaking is necessary as
well as beneficial. Not withstanding the output of the modern
Shoe Factory, and the tendency in modern life to purchase
ready made goods, the function of the shoemaker is by no means
a past fact. He supplies a demand which cannot be met other¬
wise; for the peculiarity of the foot often requires the personal
attention of the artisan, then there is the matter of repairs to
be considered in this statement of condition. The benefit of
"the art to a community and the advantage to the artisan him¬
self, is evident for the reason, that accuracy, neatness, taste
-and patience are essential in the skilled shoemaker.
COURSE OF STUDY
FIRST YEAR—first term : Making, waxing, and bris¬
tling waxed ends; preparing and putting on patches; sewing
rips. Names, care and use of tools.
second term : Preparing and pegging or nailing on lialf-
soles; punching and putting in eyelets and hooks, and treeing
off work.
third term: Coloring and finishing edges.
SECOND YEAR—first term: Halfsoling and heeling
sewed shoes; preparing work for the machine, and putting
stock in case for work.
second term: Rounding up insoles; lasting; bottomming
and finishing an ordinary pegged slice. Fitting uppers.
third term: Practice on new work, and in cutting sole
leather.
THIRD YEAR—first term : Sewing on welts, stitch¬
ing on bottoms, building up heels, setting up edges and finish¬
ing off work.
second term : Taking measure of the foot, cutting pat¬
terns by measurement.
Third TERM: Practice in cutting stock by measurement
and fitting uppers on machine.
W. M. Hunnicutt, Instructor.
ANNUAL, CATALOGUE
CANDIDATES FOR DIPLOMAS
NORMAL
Anderson, Elsie Kirkwood
Armstrong, Mattie Springfield
Brown, Hallie Q Titusville,-Pa
Burlew, John H Milford
Bynum, Daisy .Lima
Coleman, Lorene Wilberforce
Day, Sophronia West Mansfield
Dorsey, Viola Bellefoiitaine
Duncan, Mayald Xenia
Epps, Ada Greenville
Goins, Loyal A Cleveland
Greene, Chas Zanesville
Hamilton, Junia Wilberforce
Hill, Rosa Zanesville
Johnson, Ada Cedarville
Moss, Daisy •• Lima
Rideout, Helen Chillicothe
Turner, Lucy Zanesville
Turner, Mamie Wilberforce
Turner, Pattie Wilberforce
Underwood, Jennie Van Wert
Ward, Vernon Selma
COMMERCIAL
Archer, Ethel Beliefontaine, O
Dickerson, Cordelia Cincinnati, O
Fant, Albert Springfield,111
Jenkins, Carl London, O
Johnson, Archie Kingston, O
Kirke, Irene Cincinnati, O
Lindsay, Henry Mound City, 111
Moore, Myrtle Kansas City, Mo
Madison, David Steubenville, O
Owens, Eugenia Cairo, 111
Richardson, Ethel Eaton, O-
Wyatt, Henry Columbus, O
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
CANDIDATES FOR CERTIFICATES
SHORTHANDS TYPEWRITING
Archer, Ethel Bellefontaine
Bell, Callie .Wagoner, Okla
Dickerson, Cordelia Cincinnati
Gross, Edith Lima
Jenkins, Carl , London
Kirke, Irene Cincinnati
Lindsay, Henry Mound City, 111
Molema, S. J •• Mafeking, Bechuanaland, S- A
Moore, Myrtle Kansas City, Mo
Smith, Josephine Wilberforce
COOKING
Dickson, Elizabeth Springfield
Duncan, Mayald. Xenia
Gaines, Mary.. Findlay
Lawson, Nannie Wilberforce
Robinson, Charlotte Xenia
Russell, Susie Xenia
Stribbling, Marjorie Springfield
Turner, Lucy Zanesville
CARPENTRY
Burlew, John Mil ford
Steele, Oscar Dayton
PRINTING
Goins, Loyal Cleveland
MILLINERY
Allen, Lenora Lexington, Ky
Baker, Lucille Findlay
Curtis, Minnie Flag
Epps, Ada Greenville
Guy, Jessie Zanesville
Jenkins. Helen Kansas City, Mo
Owens, Eugenia Cairo' 111
jo6
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Robinson, Ladora Morrow
Simpson, Huldah Zanesville
Simpson, Zella Terre Haute, Ind
Smith, Josephine Wilberforce
Stephens, Floy Chicago, 111
Turner, Pattie Wilberforce
Turner, Mamie Wilberforce
Woodson, Jennie..... Selma
Whitaker, Minnie Normal, 111
SHOEMAKING
Wing, Geo. O Baltimore, Md
SEWING
Anderson, Elsie Kirkwood
Bynum, Daisy Lima
Boone, Mabel London
Coleman, Lorene Wilberforce
Estes, Lelia Ironton
Foster, Alice Muskogee, I.T
Grose, Edith Lima
Givens, Lida Cincinnati
Goings, Elizabeth St. Clairsville
Gainer, Estella Cleveland
McCullough, Celia Columbus
Moss, Daisy Lima
Parker, Bessie Decatur
Richardson, Ethel Eaton
Rideout, Helen Cliillicothe
Russell, Susie Xenia
Singer, Lulu Belpre
Spotts, Ethel Cincinnati
Turner, Carolyn Wilberforce
Turner, Mamie Wilberforce
Turner, Pattie Wilberforce
Under wor d, Jennie Van Wert
Whitaker, Minnie Normal, 111
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
CATALOGUE of STUDENTS
NORMAL
FIRST YEAR
Adams, Sarah Springfield
Bass, Mary Cincinnati
Boone, Mabel London
Booth, Joseph Wilberforce
Clark, Stella Bellefontaine
Cross, Mabel Portsmouth
Estes, Lelia Ironton
Harding, Daisy Wilberforce
Harper, Hazel Youngstown
Harrison, Leroy •• Selma
Harris, Mattie Wilberforce
Harvey, Blanche Yellow Springs
Harper, Earnest Barnesville
Holman, George R Dayton
Jackson, Emma Portsmouth
Jacobs, Gertrude Bellaire
Lyons, Sallie B Cincinnati
Lyons, Lulu -Cincinnati
Lee, Hazel Athens
Mason, Beatrice -Cincinnati
Marshall, Carrie Cincinnati
Marshall, Helen Cincinnati
Moore, George Middleport
Morgan, Lucinda Wilberforce
Morton, Georgia • Columbus
Newsome, Vada Zanesfield
Pinn, Ray Zanesville
Richardson, Daisy Greenfield
Robinson, Ladora Morrow
Shotwell, Myrtle -Cincinnati
Scott, Pearl Bellefontaine
Stewart, James ..Dayton
Thompson, Almyra ... Wilberforce
Thompson, Elizabeth Wilberforce
io8
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Taylor, Addie New Paris
Watkins, Mary Dayton
Webb, Anna East Liverpool
Winfree, Eva Cincinnati
Wheeler, Joseph Xenia
MIDDLE YEAR
Backer, Lucille Findlay
Brown, Cecil Dayton
Givens, Lida Cincinnati
Goings, Elizabeth St. Cairsville
Gwynne, Samuel Youngstown
Hinton, Electra Cincinnati
Jones, Ethel Portsmouth
Loud in, Blanche Columbus
McCullough, Celia ••• Columbus
Nickens, Pauline Cedarville
Pinn, Robert Zanesville
Scott, Pearl Bellefontaine
Steele, Frances Xenia
Stribbling, Marjorie •• Springfield
Worsham, Julia Camp Dennison
W3^att, Alma...H Columbus
JUNIOR YEAR
Black, Estella Middleport
Curtis, Mattie Harveysburg
Dawson, Katherine-- Chicago, 111
Euell, Mary Xenia
Gainer, Estella.. ■ • • Cleveland
Gentry, Sarah Richmond, Ky
Grimes, Odessa Cambridge
Guy, Jessie Zanesville
Hamilton, Florence ••• Marietta
Hurd, Effie Celina
Jennings, Donna S. Charleston
Jenkins, Helen Kansas City, Mo
Jones, Beulah •• Mt. Vernon
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
109
Love, Nellie Cincinnati
Mitchell, Edith S. Charleston
Parker, Bessie Decatur
Robinson, Edythe Ironton
SENIOR YEAR
Anderson, Elsie Kirkwood
Armstrong, Mattie Springfield
Brown, Hallie Q Titusville Pa
Burlew, John Howard Milford
Bynum, Daisy .Lima
Coleman, Lorene Wilberforce
Day, Sophronia West Mansfield
Dorsey, Viola Bellefontaine
Duncan, Mayald Xenia
Epps, Ada Alcinda Greenville
Goins, Loyal Cleveland
Greene, Charles Zanesville
Hamilton, Junia Wilberforce
Hill, Rosa Zanesville
Johnson, Ada Cedarville
Johnson, Fred Van Wert
Moss, Daisy Lima
Rollins, Clara .....Culver, Ind
Turner, Lucy Zanesville
Turner, Mamie Wilberforce
Turner, Pattie Wilberforce
Underwood, Jennie Van Wert
Ward, Vernon Selma
COMMERCIAL COURSE
JUNIOR YEAR
Burns, Elmer L Mt- Sterling, O
Caliman, Samuel Cincinnati, O
Curtis, Minnie E Flag, O
Duncan, Frostie A Richmond, Ky
Felts, Justin Bridgeton, N. j
Fisher, Charles Cedarville, O
I IO
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Holmes, Ruby O Rock Island, III
Jones, Maragret L Washington C-H., O
King, Sam. B Little Rock, Ark^
McCullough, Reuben Columbus, O
Merchant, C. Mae Westerville, O
Mitchell, Arabella S. Charleston, O
Parks, Ada Brooklyn, N. Y
Simmons, Irene A Selma
Spotts, Ethel Cincinnati
Strother, Ethel Columbus
Turner, Frank M Lima
Walker, Plunie Union City, Pa
Wilson, Ethel Zanesville
Woodson, Jennie .Selma
SENIOR YEAR
Archer, Ethel Bellefontaine
Dickerson, Cordelia Cincinnati
Fant, Albert Springfield, 111
Jenkins, Carl London
Johnson, Archie Kingston
Kirke, Irene Cincinnati
Lindsay Henry Mound City
Moore, Myrtle Kansas City, Mo
Madison, David H Steubenville
Owens, Eugenia Cairo, 111
Richardson, Ethel Eaton
Wyatt, Henry .Columbus
SHORTHAND and TYPEWRITING
JUNIOR YEAR
Allen, Lenora Lexington, Ky
Burns, Elmer L Mt. Sterliug
Caliman, Samuel -.Cincinnati
Cordell, Ella Wilberforce
Curtis, Minnie E Flag
Duncan, Frostie A •• Richmond, Ky
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
FelUrJustin,, Bridgeton, N. T
■«SBer;"ehas Cedarville
Holmes-, Ruby (X> Rock Island, 111
J©»ev.Mafgarerf;r.r Washington, C. H
-MeCuftough, Reuben Columbus
.Merchant,- M«e Westerville
Mitchell, Arabella : S. Charleston
•£arks, Ada, Brooklyn, N. Y
SimjaoftSy Irene Selma
-Simpson, Huldah Zanesville
-Spottsy--Ethel. Cincinnati
Strother, Ethel M Columbus
Turner, Frank Lima
3&a4kcr,~ Ptunrie-B;. Union City, Pa
'Wtteoit; Ethel ~M Zanesville
Woodson j Jennie.. ,Selma
SPECIAL STUDENTS
Cottms-.-^hadHeus A Brookhaven, Miss
Jackson, Mary Louisville, Ky
"King-y S-. Little Rock, Ark
Thomassmi, "Zefidbia. Pine Bluff, Ark
SEWING
FIRST YEAR
Ayres, Josephine Williard, 111
Adams, Agnes Cincinnati
Adams, Sarah Springfield
Bass, Mary Cincinnati
Black, Stella Middleport
Busk, Anna Columbus
Bogle, Mamie Pittsburg, Pa
.Brawn, Cecil: Dayton
Cunningham, Lulu Russiaville, Ind
-Clark, Stella West Mansfield
Cross, Mabel Portsmouth
-Dorsey, Viola Columbus
Peianey, Gustava Van Wert
Duncan, Frosta.. Richmond, Ky
Dolby, Martha Wilberforce
-Fry, Francis: incinnati
jGrimes, Odessa „...Cambn tp
jQeotryySftrab... Richmond, Ky
:< 12
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Harris, Mattie Wilberforce
Hinton, Electra Cincinnati
Harding. Daisy Wilberforce
Harper, Hazel Youngstown
Harvey, Blanche . ..Yellow Springs
Hamilton, Florence Marietta
Hurd, Effie Montezuma
Hughes, Edith Georgetown
Jackson, Emma Porstmouth
Knight, Ridie Wilberforce
Lee, Hazel Athens
Lyons, Lulu Cincinnati
Lyons, Sarah Cincinnati
Merchant, Mae., Westerville
Morgan, Lucinda Wilberforce
Moesby, Lydia Cincinnati
Marshall, Helen Cincinnati
Marshall, Carrie Cincinnati
McGee, Sarah Cincinnati
M i 11 er, M a U i e Cincinnati
Nickens, Pauline Xenia
Poole, Olivette Hopkinsville Ky
Robinson, Isadora Morrow
Richardson, Daisy Greer,field
Simuions, Irene Selma
Steele, Frances Xenia
Shaffer, Sullie South Park, Ky
Strother, Ethel Columbus
Thompson, Frances Wilberforce
Wadkins, Mary Dayton
Wilson, Ethel . ..Zanesville
Warren, Ara Middleport
SECOND YEAR
Black, Stella Middleport
Bogle, Mamie Pittsburg
Bell, Athelstein Wilberforce
Cunningham, Lulu Russiaville Ind
Curtis, Mattie Harveysburg
Delaney, Gustava Van Wert
Dickson, Elizabeth Springfield
Dorsey, Viola Beliefontaine
Dolby, Martha Wilberforce
Grimes, Odessa... Cambridge
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
IJutcI, Effie-. Montezuma
Jones, Margaret Washington C. H
Loudm, Blanche Columbus
Morton, Georgia Columbus
^Miller, ftiKa Indianapolis lad
Scottr-Pearl Bellefontaine
Smith, Del or is Chicago 111
Thompson, Elizabeth Wilberforce
Taylor, Addie Wilberforce
Wyatt, Ahna Columbus
Warren, Ara Midclieport
Warrick, Virgie Wilberforce
Webb,- Anna. East Liverpool
THIRD YEAR
Anderson, Elsie Kirk wood
B-ynum, Daisy Lima
Boone, Mabel London
Gokf-*an, Lorene Wilberforce
Estes, Eeiia I ronton
Grose, Edith Lima
Goings, Elizabeth St. Clairsville
Gainer, Estella.;- Cleveland
McCullough, Celia Columbus
Moss, Daisy Lima
Parker, Bessie Decatur
Rich arfl^mi-r"Et'h'gl'. Eaton
Rideout, Helen Chill ieothe
Spoils, Ethel Cincinnati
Turner, Carolyn Wilberforce
Tun; jr, Mamie Wilberforce
Turner, Pattie Wilberforce
Underwood, Jennie Van Wert
Taylor, Minnie Springfield
Winfree^.E-Vi1 Cincinnati
SPECIALS
• Alexander, Fannie -St. Eouis Mo
-Brown, Cecil.- Dayton
l- Brooks, Hazel Wilberforce
t Bradfield, Stella Mt. Vernon
' Cotton, Norma Wilberforce
Pittsburg Pa
Cannon, Anna
j 14
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Deathridge, Amanda Lexington, Ky
Foster, Alice M uskogee, I .T
Russell, Susie Xenia
Singer, Lulu Belpre
v-Givens, Lida Cincinnati
Porter, Beulali... Indianapolis, Ind
Robinson, Ladora Morrow
Stewart, Nellie Lyndon
Stewart, Margaret Chillicothe
Simpson, Zella Terre Haute, Ind
T-aylor, Eunice Xenia
Ward, Anna •• Selma
Whittaker, Minnie Normal, 111
COOKING
Bynum, Daisy Lima
Jenkins, Helen Kansas City, Mo
Jennings, Donna S. Charleston
Stewart, Nellie Lyndon
Mitchell, Arabelle S. Charleston
Johnson, Lavina Newark
Shorter, Wilfred Wilberforce
Shotwell, Myrtle Cincinnati
Richardson, Daisy Greenfield
Euell, Mamie Xenia
Bogle, Mamie Pittsburg, Pa
Hatton, Gertrude Ann Arbor, Mich
Foster, Alice Muskogee, Okla
Ward, Clara.. Selma
SECOND YEAR
Curtis, Frederica Pittsburg, Pa
Boone, Mabel... London
Allen, Lenora Lexington, Ky
Thomasson, Zenobia Pine Bluff, Ark
THIRD YEAR
Dickson, Elizabeth Springfield
Duncan, May aid Xenia
Gaines, Mary-- •• Findlay
Lawson, Nannie Wilberforce
Robinson, Charlotte Xeniai
Russell, Susie Xenia
Stribbling, Marjorie.. Springfield
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
"5
burner, Lucy Zanesville
Worsham, Julia • Camp Dennison
Jonwr'Betththv. Mt. Vernon
Thompson, Almyra Wilberforce
Smith, Mrs. Matilda Birmingham, Ala
Davis, Loxetta- Newark
CARPENTRY
FIRST YEAR
Chatt, Wm... Newark
Dinsmore, Elbert St. Lous, Mo
Scott, Perdy Bellefontaine
Stewart, Ernest Lyndon
Tankersley, J. L Birmingham, Ala
Terrell, Jas Newark
Thomas, Stephen Cleveland
SECOND YEAR
Madison, David H Steubenville
Rhodes, Willam Sandusky
Sondezi David S. Africa
Wyatt, Henry Columbus
THIRD YEAR
Burlew, John Milford
Smith, Clarence Hamilton
Steele, Oscar Dayton
MILLINERY
Archer, Ethel Bellefontaine
"Allen, Lenora. Lexington, Ky
Bradfieid, Stella. Mount Vernon
Baker, Lucille. Findlay
Brown, Cecil Dayton
Brown, Hallie.* Titusville, Pa
Clarke, Delia Dayton
-Cotten, Norma Wilberforce
Curtis, Minnie
Cannon, Anna. Chatanooga, Term
Curtis, Frederica Pittsburg, Pa
Deatherage, Amanda Lexington, y
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Durden, Isabel Cay ton, M its
Epps, Ada Greenville
Guy, Jessie Zanesville
Grandison, -Geelya Oakland, Cal
Jones, Ethel Portsmouth
Kirke, Irene Cincinnati
Mitchell, Edith South Charleston
Newsome, Vada Pickrelton
Owens, Eugenia Cairo, 111
Porter, Beulah Indianapolis, Ind
Robinson, Ladora Morrow
Simpson, Huldah Zanesville
Simpson, Zella Terre Haute, Ind
Smith, Josephine Wilberforce
Stephens, Floy Chicago, 111
Stewart, Margaret Chillicothe
Smith, Katie Indianapolis, Ind
Stribbling, Marjorie Springfield
Turner, Pattie Wilberforce
Turner, Mamie Wilberforce
Woodson, Jennie..... Selma
Whittaker, Minnie Normal, 111
Taylor, Eunice Xenia
Worsham, Julia Lebanon
Ward, Anna Selma
PRINTING
FIRST YEAR
Anderson, Willi am Cincinnati
Harper, Ernest Barnesville
Linear, Clarence Fern wood
McCullough, R. C Columbus
Robinson, Gus Ironton
Weston, Carl Martin's Ferry
SECOND YEAR
Jenkins ,-C-arl London
Johnson, Archie Columbus
Kalane, Thomas S. Africa
Robi 11 son, Edward Gainesville
THIRD TERM
Felts, Justin Bridgeton, N. J
Goins, Loyal A Cleveland
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
117
BLACKSMITHING
FIRST YEAR
Gillespie, Lawrence Cincinnati
Griggs, James.. Wilberforce
Griggs, Elijah Wilberforce
6to»,- Henry St. Augustine, Fla
SECOND YEAR
Johnson, Clyde Cedarville
Walkey David New York, N. Y
THIRD YEAR
Gwyiui, Samuel Wilberforce
Evans, John Wilberforce.-
SHOEMAKING
FIRST YEAR
Brown, I. A'.'? Wilmington, Del
Alton, 111
Jackson, E. J Tallahassee, Fla
SECOND YEAR
Carter, Fremont Xenia
Hickman;- Randall Wilberforce
Savages-Simon Orlando, Fla
Wheeler, Joseph Xenia
THIRD YEAR
Lawson, George Wilberforce
Wing,- Geo^ O Baltimore, Md
TAILORING
Armstrong, Mattie Springfield
Anderson, Elsie Kirkwood
Bynum, Daisy... Lima
,f Bradfield, Stella Mt. Vernon
Bellison, Sylvester-
Coleman., Eorene Wilberforce
Carr, Mallalieu Wilberforce
-Fowler •'
~~ Ettiktyr -Thomas • -Richmond, Ky
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Estes, Lelia • • • Ironton
Grose, Edith ......Lima
Goings, Elizabeth St. Clairsville
Hargo, Everett Wilberforce
Hicks, Joseph Wilberforce
Hamilton, Junia .Wilberforce
Moss, Daisy .— Lima
McCullough, Celia Columbus
Parker, Bessie Decatur
Jiidgeway, Roy Columbia, Mo
Rideout, Helen Chillicothe
Richardson, Ethel Eaton
Russell, Susie Xenia
Spencer, Burns Cincinnati
Stewart, James Dayton
Spotts, Ethel Cincinnati
Turner, Pattie Wilberforce
Turner, Mamie Wilberforce
Turner, Carolyn Wilberforce
Taylor, Minnie Springfield
Underwood, Jennie Van Wert
Winfree, Eva ...Cincinnati
Whittaker, Minnie Normal, 111
PLUMBING
Carr, J. F Wilberforce
Garland, John Xenia
Jordan, Pinkney Okla
Ridgeway, Roy.. Columbia, Mc
Shorter, Prattis .Wilberforce
Shorter, Lee Wilberforce
West, Jam^s
APPLIED MECHANICS
FIRST YEAR
Gwyne, Samuel Youngstowr
Harrison, Leroy Selim
Holman, George R .Daytot
Moore, George M iddleporl
Pinn, Robert Zanesvill<
Richardson, Austin Greenfiel(
Stewart, Ernest Lyndot
SECOND YEAR
Hill, Sidney ..Springfiel<
WIIyBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
State Students in
Department
Senator
John F. Harper
O. F. Hypes
the Combined Normal and Industrial
Representing Senatorial Districts
District
1st
11th
H. West
M. N. Duval
W. E. Decker
Representatives
Howard W. Pears
Isaac Gaston
< i
Y. Stephenson
i <
S. Thompson
Abraham Kolinsky
H. T. Eubanks
H. C. Smith
E. W. Hill
< i
Earl Stewart
13th
20th & 22nd
32nd
County
Allen
Belmont
< t
Brown
< (
Champaign
Cuyahoga
Columbiana
Clarke
A. H. Judy
W- C- Whitney
Carl Braun
Freeman T.Eagleson
Oeorge Little
Darke
Franklin
Guernsey
Greene
Student
James H. Wells
Leroy Harrison
S. G. Hill
Elizabeth Dickson
W. J. Evans
Edith Jones
Susie Tucker
Mattie Armstrong
Vada Newsome
Elsie Anderson
Marjorie Stribbling
Student
Frank Turner
Carl Weston
Elizabeth Goings
Bessie Parker
Edith Hughes
Francis Thompson
Stephen Thomas
Estella Gainer
Loyal Goins
Anna Webb
Eva Smith
Vernon Ward
Minnie Taylor
Arabella Mitchell
Irene Simmons
Jennie Woodson
Edith Mitchell
Donna Jennings
Clara Ward
Sarah Adams
Ada Epps
Mae Merchant
Reuben McCullough
Odessa Grimes
Ella Cordell
Elizabeth Thompson
Lorene Coleman
Carolyn Turner
Mamie Turner
120
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Horace
A nkeney
Thomas B. Paxton Hamilton
G.W.Hayes ''
Henry T. Hunt
Eugene Adler
< i
< < u
Calvin V. Trot Knox
Pattie Turner
Ada Johnson
Joseph Wheeler
Josephine Smith
Lulu Cunningham
Lucinda Morgan
Prattis Shorter
James P. Griggs
Elijah Griggs
Blanche Harvey
Mary Euel
Norma Cotten
Rydie Knight
Susie Russell
Charles Fisher
Mattie Harris
Clyde Johnson
Mallalieu Carr
Daisy Harding"
Joseph Booth
Mayald Duncan
Edward Clarke
Fred Bell
Matilda Smith
O'Neill Mitchell
George Lawson
Junia Hamilton
Nannie Lawson
Mary Bass
Beatrice Mason
Eva Winfree
Helen Marshall
Carrie Marshall
Irene Kirke
William Anderson
Sallie B. Lyons
Lulu C. Lyons
Samuel Caliman
Lawrence Gillespie
Mattie Miller
Cecil Brown
Sarah McGee-
Myrtle Shotwell
Estella Bradfield
WIUBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
121
C- Watkins
W. A. Ashbrook
Dow Aiken
Alfred Robinson
C. A. Thompson
James Carr
R. Silvey
W. B. Cosgrove
R. C. Huey
J. M. Willis
D. J. Schurr
J.J. Mclaughlin
W. I. Tenney
Joseph Chamberlain
Allen McDonald
Edgar Ervin
E. Eefere
E. H. Irvin
R. Iy. Irvin
J. C. Foster
E. A. Tinker
Licking
Eogan
i i
Eawrence
i <
( (
Muskingum
Mahoning
Madison
Mercer
Miami
Montgomery
Meigs
Noble
Preble
Ross
Beulah Jones
Loretta Davis
James Terrell
William Chatt
Sophronia Day
Pearl Scott
Stella Clark
Perdy Scott
Ethel Archer
Augustus Robinson
Edith Robinson
Eelia Estes
Hazel Brooks
Robert Pinn
Ray Pinn
Charles Greene
Jessie Guy
Huldah Simpson
Ethel Wilson
Lucy Turner
Rosa Hill
Samuel Gwyne
Hazel Harper
Lydia Moseby
Mabel Boone
Carl Jenkins
Effie Hurd
Clarence Smith
James C. Stewart
Agnes Adams
Delia Clark
William Adams
Oscar Steel
George Holm an
Stella Black
George Moore
Ara Warrren
Minnie Curtis
Addie Taylor
Ethel Richardson
A. J. Richardson
Helen Rideout
Archie Johnson
Ernest Stewart
122
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
J. C. Foster
N. J. Dever
C. B. Winters
A. C. Jones
J. S. Stuckey
H. E. Smith
W. Z. Roll
H. W. Pears
Carl Braun
Hiram Bronson
Warren G- Foster
Henry T. Hunt
Scioto
Erie
Jefferson
Van Wert
Washington
Warren
Allen
f i
< <
Franklin
Hancock
Hamilton
Margaret Stewart
Daisy Richardson
Nellie Stewart
Emma Jackson
Mabel Cross
Ethel Jones
William Rhodes
W. C- Linear
Fred Johnson
Jennie Underwood
Gustavia Delaney
Lulu Singer
John Burlew
Ladora Robinson
Mattie Curtis
Daisy Moss
Daisy Bynum
Edith Grose
Henry Wyatt
Blanche Loudin
Alma Wyatt
Georgia Morton
Celia McCullough
Viola Dorsey
Lucy Baker
Electra Hinton
Lida Givens
Cordelia Dickerson
Martha Brown
Evelyn Richards
Harriett Brown
ALUMNI
Class of 1890
PrioliKu, Anna L. Scoville (deceased, 1903)
Shropshire, Alice M., Teacher Palmyra, Mo
Class of 1891
Artis, J. D., Teacher Texas
Boyd, C. W., Principal Charleston, W. Va
Crouse, Louella Johnson Washington, D. C
Jones, O. E., Pastor Oakland, Cal
Class of 1892
Lewis, Emma J Harrisburg, Pa
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY 125
Class of 1893
Artis, Ada (deceased, 1903) Zanesville
Hargrave, Henry, Physician Washington, D. C
Johnson, Charles, Instructor, N. & I. Dept Wilberforce
Merkiman, Louphenia Stone, Teacher Selma, Ala
Nelson, William, (deceased, 1894)
Reynolds, Laura, Matron, St. Paul school...Lawrenceville, Va-
Wolf, Roberta, (deceased 1904)
Saunders, Libbie Brown Toledo
Class of 1894
Burns, Gertrude, Teacher Chicago, lit
Caldwell, Mattie D. Bell St. Joseph, Mo
Evans, Gertrude, Teacher Louisville Ky
Jefferson, Julia F. Watson Meridian, Miss
Onque, Harvey, Pastor Little Rock, Ark
Stokes, Eva McCullum Indianapolis, Ind
Talbert, Linnie, Teacher Jacksonville, Fla
Class of 1895
Anderson, Annie Alice Lewis Morristown, N. J
Scott, Lizzie Hall Colorado Springs, Col
Merchant, Lizzie, Teacher Tulhasee, Oklahoma
Newsome, Sherman, Teacher Kerens, Texas
Otey, Carrie, Teacher Texas^
Sheldon, Ruth Ada Gaines, Teacher Montgomery, Mo
Yenewine, Alice B New Orleans, La
COMMERCIAL
Peterson, Isaac J., Business Bookwater
NORMAL
Class of 1896
Brandy, Edisto C. Baker Washington, Pa
Prewitt, Catherine B. Coons, Teacher Pitch en
Johnson, Mary E. Coleman Wankegan, 111
Diggs, LeonidasR., Attorney-at-Law Georgetown, Ky
Frazier, Emma (deceased 1900)
Hilton, Louise, Nurse Springfield
Fields, Nanna B. Lynn Columbus
Gibbons, Cora E. McKnight (deceased 1900)
Meyers, Corena, Private Secretary St Louis, Mo-
Mitchell, Henrietta Lamar (deceased, 1900)
Naylor, Ursie Walker Springfield, lit
124
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Robinson, Ella V., Teacher Moberly, Mo
Slateu, Marie Taylor (deceased, 1905)
White, Warner, Teacher Washington, D. C
COMMERCIAL
Stewart,' Leemrna Havener Philadelphia, Pa
Class of 1897
NORMAL
Baker. Alice Pearl, Teacher N. C
* Dandridgk, Luella V. Depp, Teacher Tliays, W. Va
Gross, Edmonia Randolph, Teacher Savannah, Ga
Bucknhk, Clara Peterson Selma
Holland, Cornelius, Secretary to Supt Wilberforce
Jenkins, Rosa Lee (deceased, 1902)
Jones, Hannah Eugenia Ballard Washington, D. C
Lekk, Henrietta Jones New Buffalo, Mich
Lyndeii, Clara Venord, Teacher Shelbyville, Ky
Maxwell, Olive May Johnson Baltimore, Md
Pattilo, Emma, Normal Principal Shorter Pine Bluff, Ark
Pfeffer, William, Physician Detroit, Mich
Riddick, Mamie Eloise Eox, Asst. Prin Edenton, N. C
"Wiley, Geneva Beatrice, Teacher Kansas City, Mo
COMMERCIAL
Bush, William, Director, Course in Commerce Wilberforce
Palmer, Elmer E., Business Piqua
Pate, Tlios. W. Business Cambia, Va
Class of 1898
NORMAL
Allen, Blanch May, Teacher Corsicaua, Tex
Allen, Willa Estella, Teacher Corrolton, Mo
Finch, Earl, Teacher, Wilberforce University Wilberforce
Hull, Samuel A., Principal High School Savannah, Ga
Johnson, Katherine, Teacher Kansas City, Kan
Lewis, Ida Lay (deceased, 1898)
Peterson, Frederick, Farmer Bookwater
Taylor, Grace Lee, Teacher Greenfield
Shields, Ida Bell Brown Dayton
COMMERCIAL
Boone, John L. (deceased, 1902)
Hicks, Annanias, Asst. Prin St. Augustine, Fla
Jones, Charles H Troy
Mabry, William L-, Caterer Wilmington, Del
Tararr, P. Johnson, Business....- Cleveland
Wallace, William A., Pharmacist Memphis, Tenn
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
I25
Class of 1899
NORMAL
Baldwin, William Indianapolis, Ind
Clarke, Loucretia Tolbert Indianapolis, Ind
Hummings, Rosa Elizabeth, Dent Indianapolis, Ind
Dowdey, Louella May, Teacher Chillieothe
Early, May Louise, Teacher, Shorter Univ Pine Blnff, Ark
Fowler, Ethel Jennie, Teacher Columbia, Mo
Johnson, Katie Byrd Xenia
Johnson, Thomas Gordon Pomeroy
Reid, Orleanis, Asst. Prin Allendale, S. C
Smith, Jessie Henry Cincinnati
Underwood, Beulah, Teacher Public Schools Xenia
Van Buren, Louise, Teacher Atlantic City, N. J
"Walker, Estella, Teacher Atlantic City, N. J
COMMERCIAL
Pollard, Robert H. Bookkeeper Moline,, 111
Finch, Laura B. Stotts (deceased, 1905)
Class of 1900
NORMAL
Badger, Myrtle Jane,
Bell, Alvergie Lee, Teacher Townsend, Del
Burrell, Richard (deceased, 1902)
Colbert, Cora Blanche
Jonks, Emma Elizabeth Goodler Dayton
Jones, Fannie Jane, Asst. Prin East St. Louis, 111
Napper, Estella London
Ody, Elizabeth Rebecca, Teacher Sanford, Fla
Robinson, Margaret Jane, Teacher ...Waco, Tex
Washington, Mayme, Teacher Tuskegee, Ala
Watson, Ella Victoria Mercersburg, Pa
Winslow Nellie Elizabeth, Teacher New Brunswick
COMMERCIAL
Arnett, Alphonso T., Government Clerk Washington, D.C
Frye, L. Elizabeth, (deceased, 1900)
Garrett Joseph N., Commercial Teacher, Western Univ.. Kan
Grant, Bessie, V., Teacher Wheeling, W. Va
Hawkins, Hattie J., Stenographer Xenia
Lee, B. Frank, Student, L U Bloommgton, Ind
Nay lor, Arthur A., Bookkeeper Springfield, 111
Class of 1901
Taylor Ethel May Byrd Indianapolis, Ind
Brown Mary Elizabeth, Teacher .Owensboro, Ky
Chambers, Delia Columbus
126
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Clark, Elizabeth, P. O Chicago, III
Hall, Iona May, Trained Nurse Washington, D. C
Hill, Blanche, Teacher Baltimore, Md
Carlisle, Nellie Hough, Teacher, Public Schools....Zanesville
Gross, Estelle McWilliams, Dressmaker Cincinnati
Brown, Raymond Lenora St. Paul, Minn
Ross, Estelle, Teacher Ashland, Ky
Savage, Emma, Teacher Stamping Greene, Ky
Scott, Minnie C., Teacher East St. Louis, Ma
Simpson, Charles, Principal Cumberland, Md
Thomas, Florence, Teacher St. Louis, Ma
Walker, Rosa, Teacher Jamestown
Wheeler, Maggie Hervey, Sewing Teacher Kittrell, N. C
Williams, Ida, Dressmaking Dayton
COMMERCIAL
Brown, Nellie, Stenographer Cambridge
Houston, Edward R., Clerk, Penn. R. R Pittsburg, Pa
Kennedy, Thomas, Business Dayton
Robbins, Omer R Middletown
Stewart, Walter Hall,(deceased 1902)
Talbert, Eugene Marking Clerk Chicago, 111
Turner, Arthur A., Dairyman Wilberforce
NORMAL
Class of 1902
Buster, Green Berry, Prin., Public Schools...Kansas City, Mo
Brown, Althea Temple, Teacher Wren
Bridges, Bessie , Lebanon
Cleveland, Louie Iona, Teacher Delaware City, Del
Colston, Esther Mary Moorefield, W. Va
Glenn, Bessie Estellne Maysville
Hicks, Annaias Jerome, Assistant Principal Buxton, Iowa
Hamilton, Earnest Connable Jamestown
Haithcox, Estelle Kathrene Lima
Mabry, Ada Pearl, Teacher Delaware City, Del
Morris, Bessie Viola, Teacher Institute, Va
Ogle, Sadie Darling Somerset
Pate, Thomas William W. Va
Talbott, Clara B. Teacher Ky
Taylor, Arthur Indianapolis, Ind
Tiffey, Estelle Esther, Teacher Petersburg, Ky
Weakley, Ella Jane, Teacher Christiana, Del
Simpson, Mary E. Williams Waynesville
WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY
127
COMMERCIAL
Asbury, A. W., Librarian, Wilberforce Univ Wilberforce
Bottoms, Wilbur, Teacher Selma, Ala
Burrell, Richard, (deceased 1902)
Childres, Charles Cleveland
Gentry, James W., Student, Purdue Univ Ind
Grant, Dana Columbus
Howard, Charles Dayton
Jones, James P Pittsburg, Pa
King, Charles, Cashier of Bank Little Rock, Ark
Lewis, Mayme, Stenographer Chicago, 111
Luster, Bryant W., Teacher Little Rock, Ark
Quails, Ralph Dayton
Smith, James E Burlington
Woods, Delia Springfield
Class of 1903
NORMAL
Bailey, Anthony, Teacher Cincinnati
Dickson, Anna, Teacher Little Rock, Ark
Greene, Estelle, Teacher Maibe, W. Va
Jones, Isaac, Carpenter Detroit, Mich
King, Maude Princess, Teacher Dayton
Mays, Sadie, Teacher Grafton, W. Va
McGinnis, Fredrick, Instructor in Printing Wilberforce
Pinn, Pearl, Teacher Richmond, Ky
Bickley, Maude Gertrude Robinson,... Ironton
Sparks, Alice, Teacher W. Va
Smith, Simpson, M. D Cedarville
Shields, Alberta, Teacher Selma, Ala
Taylor, Maude Cleveland
Underwood, Olive, Teacher Clayton, Del
Wilson, Elizabeth, Teacher Baltimore, Md
Wilson, Eli Henry Columbus
Wilson, Mary Cedarville
Woodson, Charles, Carpenter Washington, C. H
Young, Cordelia Richmond, Ind
COMMERCIAL
Barnett, Oscar Harry ^-'L"Cle
Goins, Harry Richmond Ind
Wright, Joseph, Teacher Boston, Mass
Class of 1904
NORMAL
Badger, Rosanna Margery. ( Deceased 1908)
128
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
Bramlette, Mary Edna, Teacher Ky
Hall, Carrie, Teacher W. Va
McCarrell, Ralph, P. O Chicago, 111
Peterson, Cornelia Urichville
Woodson, Francis Virginia, Teacher Red Star, W. Va
Class of 1905
NORMAL
Bass, Zelzah, Teacher Bridgeville, Del
Cora Bowles, Indianapolis, Ind
Cordell, Bertha, Teacher-- S. C
Deleo, Effie Harrison Quindaro, Kan
Hill, Powell Ind
Johnson, Clydie, Teacher Utica, Miss
Robinson, Charles, Mail carrier Cleveland
Smith, Susie Pearl Shorter Wilberforce
Smith, Johanna Cedarville
Thomas, Elizabeth, Teacher E- St. Louis, Mo
Walker, Clarence, Teacher Snow Hill, Ala
Woods, Fannie, Teacher •• New London
Wright, Mabel, Teacher Normal, Ala
COMMERCIAL
Jackson, Ruth, Teacher Terre Haute, Ind
Winslow, Foster,Bookkeeper & Stenographer Denmark, S. C
Whittaker, Walter Normal, 111
Smith, Foster, Treasurer Utica, Miss
Ormes, Jesse, Bus. Mgr, Insurance Co Durham, N. C
Maxwell, Geo. W Xenia
Johnson, William,Clerk Navy Dept Xenia
Gilles, Susie, Chief Clerk, Insurance Office Durham, N.C
Dorsey, Merril Cincinnati
Craw, Modesta, Teacher Okla
Class of 1906
NORMAL
Clinton, Nina Hortense,Teacher Charlestown, W- Va
Davis, Maud Roberta Buckhannon, W. Va
Harding, Rosalie, Mgr. Arnett Hall Dining Club..Wilberforce
j:u-k.son, Mary Alberta,Teacher Ala
Johnson, Leucina, Teacher New Orleans, La
Jones, Mary Florence,Teacher Greenville
J ones, James Otterbein,Contractor & Brick Work.. Springfield
Linthecome, Mary D., Teacher Deleware
McCrackcn. Ethel Gertrude. Teacher Ill
\v 11,j5i\F0u c i•; rxiyersi t y
129
McCraeken, Orlean Eulalie, Teacher Ill
Pettyferd, Kffie, Teacher Mt. Meigs, Ala
Saunders, Nona Beatrice,Teacher Mt. Meigs, Ala
Stewart, Roberta Belle, Teacher Riscoe,'Ark
COMMERCIAL
Coleston, Eouis, Secretary to Commandant Hampton, Ya
McGee, Clara, Stenographer Cincinnati
Topsey, Artis, Teacher Commercial Course Christianburg, Va
Foster, Addison, Jr., Business Philadelphia, Pa
Jones, Samuel Selma
Smith, Clarence Springfield
Newsome, Eorenzo (deceased 1907)
Class of 1907
NORMAE
Burns, Elmer Eawrence, Business Course Wilberforce
Clark, Ida Wright, Teacher Evansville, Ind
Eowery, Thomas,Teacher San Antonio, Tex
Powell, Stella Rochester, N. Y
Reynolds, Nellie Ruth Cleveland
Robinson, Charlotte, Scientific Course Wilberforce
Toney, Mary Elizabeth, Teacher Kowaliga, Ala
COMMERCIAL
Carlisle, Shelton Cleveland
Ewing, Sarah, Stenographer & Accountant.. .Jacksonville, Fla
Hall, Thaddeus, Business Okla
Howard, Roy, Teacher Miss
Jamason, Emma, General Office Work N. C
Reed, Margaret Cincinnati
Utz, David, Private Secretary Selmla, Ala
Arnett, Benella Cleveland
Norman, Besse, Stenographer & Accountant Jacksonville, Fla
*
130
ANNUAL CATALOGUE
STUDENTS RECEIVING CERTIFICATES
shorthand and typewriting course
Class of 1896
Stewart,Leemma Havener Philadelphia, Pa
Class of 1897
Bush, William B., Instructor Business Course Wilberforce
Class of 1899
Connor, Ora, Seamstress Jersey City, N. J
Hamilton, Carrie B.Lee,
Finch, Laura B. Stotts (deceased 1905)
Wallace, William A., Machinist Macon, Mo
Class of 1900
Frye, L. Elizabeth (deceased, 1900)
Grant, Bessie V., Teacher Wheeling, W. Va
Hawkins, Hattie J., Stenographer Xenia
Hicks, Annanias J., Public Schools Buxton, la
Mabry, William L., Butler Wilmington, Del
Stewart, Walter Hall, (deceased 1904)
Class of 1901
Brown, Nellie Brown, Stenographer Cambridge
Garrett, Joseph N Kan
Grinnie, Lydia Ky
Ware, Rosa Lett Xenia
Steward, Gustavus A., Student Oberlin
Smith, James E Wilberforce
Weston, Bertha Cleveland
Wood, Nannie, Teacher Public School Maysville, Ky
Class of 1902
Fowler, Anna M. Henry Wilberforce
Gossett, Luther, P. O Chicago, 111
Hawks, Mary J Xenia
Hough, Sherman, Teacher Jamestown
Johnson, Lula, Teacher, Music Lincoln, Neb
Mclntyre, Cora, Stenographer and Typewriter.. .Jackson, Mich
Whaley, Mary, Teacher of Sewing W. Va
Class of 1903
Lee, Bertha, Stenographer Nashville, Tenn
Jackson, Lucy, Stenographer Red Star, W. Va
Johnson, Stella, Stenographer Jacksonville, Fla
ERRATUM
JUNIOR YEAR NORMAL—continued.
Singer, L,ulu Belpre
Smith, Clarence S Hamilton
Stewart, Mary Etta Jacksonville, 111
Thompson, Emma Wilberforce
Tucker, Susie Springfield
Turner, Carolyn Wilberforce
Ward, Clara Selma
Warren, Ara Middleport
Woodson, Leah Wilberforce