ROBERT W. WOODRUFF
LIBRARY
FOR ADVANCED STUDIES
GIFT OF
Mrs. Margaret Beutell
OFFICIAL GUIDE
TO
ATLANTA
INCLUDING
INFORMATION
OF THE
COTTON STATES AND INTERNATIONAL
EXPOSITION.
BY MARGARET SEVERANCE.
ATLANTA, GA:
The Fonte & Davies Co.
1895.
Entered According to Act of Congress in the year 1895,
BY MARGARET SEVERANCE,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
PREFACE.
ft? N preparing a guide to the city of Atlanta, it has been the
object of the author to direct the traveling stranger and to
/i\ present in a brief and comprehensive manner a knowledge of
the history of Atlanta, its present condition and bright future,
not as it appears to the imaginative mind, but as the facts
actually exist.
To deal fairly with its varied advantages, both natural and
political, and to treat concisely of its location, climate, health,
commerce, railroads, its varied manufacturing interests and
business opportunities.
It is the spirit of the book to invite people to our city, to
take the stranger by the hand and lead him to the electric
cars and other conveyances which will carry him to all points
of interest in and around our beautiful city. To direct him
to our International Cotton Exposition, parks, resorts, gardens,
State capitol, opera houses, barracks, schools, churches, monu¬
ments, club houses, battlefields, to our finest factories and
creditable business houses in every line of trade.
Ever explaining and entertaining, and yet ever mindful of
the bone of brevity.
The war history, which consists of a detailed account of
the storming of Atlanta, as well as the approach and retreat
of the troops, is taken from the works of most reliable histo¬
rians, and many interesting facts have been added, gleaned
from the oldest and most reliable citizens.
To the many friends who have so kindly aided me in col¬
lecting these interesting facts concerning our wonderful city,
I return my sincere thanks.
Margaret Severance.
3
GEORGIA STATE CAPITOL.
CONTENTS.
History of Atlanta -------- 11
Natural Advantages 17
Atlanta To-day -------- 22
Health and Climate ------- 25
Water Supply --------- 29
Electric Light and Power ------ 30
Chamber of Commerce 30
Interesting Points ------- 31
Interesting Rides -------- 41
Little Tyrol - - _ _ _ 41
Grant Park --------- 43
Hack Kates - 45
Schools ---------- 47
Police Department --------51
Street Railways -------- 51
Telephone System ------- 52
Churches --------- 97
Fire Department -------- 55
Suburbs 56
State Capitol --------- 57
U. S. A. Post -------- 58
Atlanta's War History ------ 60-67
Exposition - -- -- -- --69
Government Exhibit - - - - - - - 70
State " ------- 75
Foreign " ------- 77
Varied Industries (See index page 133) - - 89-132
5
TO THE MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS AND BUSINESS MEN OF THE
CITY OF ATLANTA, WHO HAVE, BY THEIR ADVANCED AND
LIBERAL IDEAS AND ACTIONS, MADE THIS CITY A
HOUSEHOLD WORD IN ALL THE CIVILIZED WORLD,
AND INTO WHOSE HANDS THE FUTURE
OF THE
IS PLACED, WITH THE ASSURANCE THAT THE SAME ENERGY, ENTER¬
PRISE AND PLUCK THAT HAS MADE ATLANTA THE SYNONYM OF
ALL THAT IS GREAT IN COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES
WILL LEAD HER ON TO FUTURE GREATNESS, THIS WORK
IS MOST RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED
BY THE AUTHOR.
mayor and city council.
GOVERNMENT OF THE CITY OF ATLANTA, 1895.
Mayor, - - PORTER KIN<3-.
Mayor, pro tern., Arnold Broyles.
ALDERMEN.
Arnold. Broyles, John A. Colvin, Phil H. Harralson,
Joseph Hirsch, Albert Howell, M. E. Tolbert.
COUNCIIvMEN.
First ward - - - - - M. P. Camp, T. C. Mayson.
Second ward - M. M. Welch, T. J. Day.
Third ward - - - R. P. Dodge, W. S. Bell.
Fourth ward - W. J. Campbell, J. A. Miller.
Fifth ward ... - - J. H. Welch, Geo. H. Sims.
Sixth ward - - - - - C. E. Harman, H. T. Inman.
Seventh ward - - - - _ _ _ . j. w. Nelms.
City Clerk Park Woodward.
T, ,. ( Chas. F. Rice,
Deputies j John R Wilkinson<
City Marshal Edward S. McCandle is.
Deputies j W^Humphries,
Comptroller - - - - - - - J. H. Goldsmith.
Book-keeper ------- John F. Kellam.
Recorder - - - - Andrew F. Calhoun.
City Attorney - - - - - - - J. A. Anderson.
Assistant City Attorney ----- Fulton Colville.
Tax Collector - - - - - - - J. R. Collins.
„ ,. ( W. H. Holcombe,
Deputies j j^0yd Collins.
TAX ASSESSORS.
C. D. Meador, T. J. Malone, C. J. Keith.
Treasurer - -- -- ... jos. T. Orme.
City Engineer - - - - - - - R. M. Clayton.
Messenger - - - - - - _ _ Z. B. Moon.
City Sexton Thos. A. Clayton.
POUCE DEPARTMENT.
Commissioners : Geo. E. Johnson, J. W. English, W. H. Venable
J. C. A. Branan, W. H. Brotherton.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
Chief - W. R. Joyner.
Foremen : J. Emmel, W. B. Cummings, S. B. Chapman, E- J. Setze
J. C. Watters, H. P. Haney, W. H. Clowe, John Terrell,
E. R. Anderson, W. B. Cody.
WARD PHYSICIANS.
First ward
Second ward
- C. C. Green.
F. Van Goidtsnoven.
Third ward
Fourth ward
Fifth ward
Sixth ward
W. C. Warren.
W. M. Powell.
J. H. Reeves.
N. O. Harris.
Seventh ward
Geo. M. Campbell.
BOARD OF HEALTH.
J. F. Alexander, M. D., President; F. W. McRae, Secretary ;
H. P. Cooper, M. D.; J. C. Avary, M. D.; R. T. Dorsey ;
Chief Sanitary Inspector, Thos. F. Veal.
Superintendent of Electrical Affairs - - - T. J. Harper.
Geo. Hillyer, President; Geo. Winship, Vice-President;
Aaron Haas, H. Smith, H. C. Frwin,
M. B. Torbett, Albert Howell, Jr.,
W. G. Richards, Superintendent; G. W. Terry, Secretary.
Commissioner of Public Works - - - - D. G. Wylie.
Clerk, Clarence Moore.
BUILDING INSPECTORS.
W. H. Joyner, F. A. Pittman, Geo. Ogletree.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF GRADY HOSPITAL.
Joseph Hirsch, Chairman.
W. Iy. Moore, Secretary.
WATER COMMISSIONERS.
TRUSTEES.
Jacob Flsas
W. Iv. Moore
R. J. Lowry
Joseph Hirsch...
J. W. English, Jr
S. M. Inman
W. A. Hemphill. .
R. D. Spalding. . .
Geo. S. Lowndes..
Term expires March 1, 1898
March 1, 1901
March 1, 1994
CITY /LDERMEN
HISTORY OF ATLANTA.
ARLY in the nineteenth century nature reigned
supreme among the chincapin woods that
densely covered the rolling slopes of the Pied¬
mont hills in this locality.
The stillness was unbroken save by the songs
of birds and the babbling of waters that found their
sources among the hundred springs that are now em¬
braced within the cit}'s limit. The winds held high carni¬
val, wild and free, above the sultry breezes in the valleys,
a thousand feet below\
The Cherokee and Choctaw Indians, and later the white
hunter, frequently started the wild deer from this favorite
resort. Here nature had formed a gateway that was
recognized and made use of by these fleet animals before
its advantages were recognized by man. When pursued
by the hunter up the Chattahoochee or Ocmulgee rivers
at this point the frightened animals would bound across
the country to the river on either side and escape by the
aid of the rapid-flowing stream.
In 1828 miners flocked to this region in search of gold.
Henry Ivy was the first white man that preferred a home
in this locality.
Later a few families settled here, and in 1836 there
was nestled among the woods a straggling settlement,
the infant queen of which we boast to-day, but so mod¬
est and obscure that she hardly dared to own a name.
Surrounded on every side, cradled, and protected by her
own forests, Atlanta knew nothing of the outer world.
11
Soon after the country began to be settled by the whites
there arose between the Cherokee Indians and the State of
Georgia a dispute concerning the overlap claims. Bound¬
ary lines were indefinite. After considerable difficulty
the Indians were persuaded to accept certain terms and
be removed west of the Mississippi river. In 1839 this
was accomplished. The best possible means was provid¬
ed for their transportation and those that refused to go
were taken by force. The Cherokees held a treaty with
the United States Government. Their claims interfering
with the rights of the State of Georgia.
Augusta, Macon and Columbus, were the landing places
of this section and the people carried their ginseng, cotton,
hams, etc., to these places and exchanged them for coffee,
sugar, and various products, that were brought to the
landing places for distribution. Only hoofed animals
were used. But little money was in circulation at that
time. Commerce consisted chiefly of exchange.
What was then considered the great Northwest, is now
known as Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. That
country looked steadfastly to the South for an outlet for
its products. Charleston and Savannah were leading
ports. At the discovery of the great use of steam, the
heart of Georgia throbbed and longed to reach out to the
world. The remaining history of our city is necessarily
an account of its railroads. Charleston and Augusta
were connected by rail. Meetings were held by leading
men of this country at Knoxville and various other
places, to consider the best route to connect the great
Northwest with Charleston and Savannah. The Western
& Atlantic Railroad was built by the State of Georgia, in
1843.
The surveyors were instructed to lay the road to
the most convenient geographical position. They survey¬
ed the land to the point on which the Union Depot now
stands, a few rods south of where the principal cross-
12
roads of these hills intersected. These roads were known as
the Marietta, Peachtree, Whitehall and Decatur roads and
still retain these names as principal streets. This place
was then conveniently called Terminus, being the end of
the Western & Atlantic Railroad.
The first engine ever seen here was known as the
"Florida." It was brought from Madison bv sixteen
mules. Madison was at that time, the flourishing termi¬
nus of the Georgia Railroad. The people gathered from
all the country around to behold the stiange and almost
living thing. The Indian war-whoop had died away.
Progress, courage and enterprise possessed the people and
had come to stay. In 1845, the Georgia Railroad was
completed from Madison to Terminus, which had taken
the name of Marthasville, now Atlanta. The first
through train from Augusta was conducted by Col. G.
W. Adair, one of our oldest and most respected citizens.
Thus the leading ports of the South, Charleston and
Savannah, were connected at this point by rail, with the
great Northwest. The Georgia Railroad from the East
and the Western & Atlantic from the North.
This brought high hopes and great claims for Marthas¬
ville, as the great Northwest had now an outlet for her pro¬
ducts and all transportation was to be brought through
the Gate City. Real estate sold at public auction.
Schools, newspapers and churches were founded, and
Marthasville absorbed the country towns and villages
about her. She was constantly receiving tributes. Coun¬
try bo3'S that aspired to a profession or trade, sought
this center for opportunities. The next railroad com¬
pleted to Marthasville was the Macon & Western, after
which this city became a distributing point.
In 1852, the Atlanta & W7est Point Railroad came in
from the West. And thus it was that Atlanta's first
roads were established and on through time it has never
lost an opportunity to advance. To-day, eleven strong
13
SCENE IN PEACHTREE STREET.
iron arms reach out in every direction from the Gate City
to the outer world.
In 1840, there were six families in this vicinity. In
1850 the population had increased to 3,000 people. In
1860 the census was 13,000. In 1870, 21,788. In
1880, 37,409. In 1890, 65,514. In 1894, over 100,000
inhabitants within the city limits.
Atlanta was made capital of the State of Georgia in
1868.
According to the Federal census report of 1880, Atlan¬
ta's worth was $20,343,525. To-day it is four times
that amount. This is a remarkable showing that is un¬
rivaled in the South.
The enterprising people of this city were chief!} and
initially drawn from Georgia, Alabama, Virginia and
East Tennessee. It is Southern push and Southern capital
largely, that has made Atlanta what it is to-day. And it
is the Southern hand that holds open wide the gates of
"the city, ever ready to welcome all. Look where you will,
and you will fail to find a more hospitable people or a
more cordial greeting. We have also, in our midst, many
Northern and Western people, who are among our best
citizens.
15
LITTLE TYROL.
NATURAL ADVANTAGES.
§HE great Southeastern portion of the
^United States is bounded on the north by the
Ohio and Potomac rivers, on the east by the
Atlantic Ocean, on the south by the Gulf of
Mexico and on the west by the Mississippi
river. In the center of this rich and glorious section
stands Atlanta, its natural queen.
High on the Piedmont Hills, 1050 feet above the sea
level and 300 feet above the Chattahoochee river, nature
formed a water-shed. The sloping lands furnished per¬
fect drainage. The streams determined the location of the
city. Many hills within our limits rise 1085 feet above
the level of the sea. The raindrops that fall from off the
Western eaves of many spacious dwellings in Atlanta,
find their way to the Gulf of Mexico through the waters
of the Chattahoochee and Apalachacola rivers. While
those whose fate it is to fall from off the east must
trickle through the brooks to the Ocmulgee and Altama-
ha rivers to the Atlantic Ocean.
Four straight lines drawn across this section from New
Orleans to Richmond, Va., from St. Louis to Brunswick,
Ga., from Chicago to Tampa, Fla., and from Cincinnati
to Apalachacola, Fla., will cross each other in Atlanta.
Atlanta is located on the southern crests of the Chatta¬
hoochee ridge, which are among the lastspurs^pf the Blue
Ridge mountains andin theheart of the great cotton belt.
It is also a little north of the central part of the state of
Georgia, in the county of Fulton, which contains 200
square miles.
17
STONE MOUNTAIN.
One of the many quarries of Venable Brothers'—>3*5 feet long.
The soil is filled with every element to enrich its nature.
Drop but the seed and it returns a hundred fold its repro¬
duction. The earth responds to the highest improvements
and is adapted to the raising of cotton as well as all kinds
of general crops and grains.
Southwest of Atlanta, gray sand land with a belt of
red clay exists. Southeast are various kinds of soil, but
red clay predominates. South of the city, is a prominent
ridge of soap stone or sapinite, which covers a number of
red clay hills and the rolling surface of the surrounding
country. In fact the soil is wonderfully rich and fertile
in every direction.
Rich and inexhaustible fields of coal and sufficient
water power to manufacture more cotton than is made
in the United States, exist within a hundred miles of
Atlanta.
Assume that the Union Depot , which is in the center of our
city, is the hub of a great wheel whose radii are 50 miles.
Within this circle is deposited toward the north large
quantities of gold, silver, mica, a great variety of beauti¬
ful marble, red and brown h}metite, baryta, bauxite,
roofing, magnetic iron ore, iron and manganese. To the
east are talc, graphite and asbestos. To the south are
found copper, iron, pyrite, asbestos and mica, and to the
west gold, graphite, asbestos, iron ore, copper, iron, py¬
rites, umber, kaolin, yellow ochre, red ochre, and hydrau¬
lic cement. These are found in large abundance and all
that is needed is labor and capital to utilize this rich store
of mineral at our very gate way.
Only 16 miles from the center of the city to the east,
stands gigantic Stone Mountain, the largest body of
granite vet known to the world. It was once called the New
Gibraltar, but is now known as Stone Mountain. This
wonderful formation is owned by Venable Bros., of At¬
lanta, Ga., the largest granite dealers in the Southern
States. It is seven miles in circumference at the base and
1!>
one and a-half miles to the top of the same. The surface
of the mountain contains 563 acres of stone—in one solid
mass, estimated at ten billion cubic feet of exposed gran¬
ite. The quality of the stone for monumental, architec¬
tural work and street paving, is equal to any in the United
States. Stone can be quarried 20 per cent, less than the
same can be done anywhere else in the Union. The mag¬
nificent granite Hotel Yenable now being erected in Atlan¬
ta is being built entirely of the stone from this mountain.
Many cities of the West and South are paved with
this granite.
Fine timber lands of both hard and soft wood are with¬
in easy reach of Atlanta. Nothing else is needed to make
our city a large manufacturing center.
'20
SOME INMAN PARK HOMES.
ERNEST WOODRUFF. P. H. HARRALSON. J. M. BEATH.
ATLANTA OF TO-DAY.
HE past of Atlanta has been well cared for and
>^-1, now it is more to our purpose to deal with the
ever living present. War, fire, famine and pesti-
j lence have held high carnival in her midst. But
p from the ashes of the old Atlanta made deso¬
late by Sherman's invasion, the new Atlanta has risen,
and to-day she stands the peer of all Southern cities.
There are no red gashes in the bosom of mother earth.
Swords in this part of the moral vineyard have been beat¬
en into plow shares, spears into pruning hooks, and all
Atlantians vie with each other to make this the future
metropolis of the south.
To-day Atlanta is the best distributing point in the
south.
Her variety of manufactures is unequaled by any
Southern city. She leads in no one article. Almost anything
can now be obtained in this city that can be made out of
wood, leather, iron, steel or cotton.
The churches are numerous and many of them grand in
architecture. Schools are superior to those in many
larger cities. In fact, our public school system is unsur¬
passed.
More than 104,500 souls have found contentment on
these rolling Piedmont Hills. The average Atlantian has
the vim, pluck and push of the people of the north,
coupled with the hosx^itality proverbial to the people of
the south. Hence the city is often called the "Chicago of
the South."
22
Atlanta, with her suburbs, practically embraces the
whole of Fulton county. She owns one eighth of the
wealth of the state. The assessed value of all of the
State of Georgia is $445,000,000.00; of Atlanta, $57,-
000,000.00. Her business amounts annually to more
than $140,000,000.00, excluding the $30,000,000.00
realized by her manufactories. The valuation of the
property, both personal and real, is $78,760,000.00.
The ground on which Atlanta is built is undulating and
in some places quite hilly. The average altitude of the
city is 1075 feet above the sea level. As a consequence of
this elevation, Atlanta has a perfect natural drain¬
age. The streets are well paved, there being 50 miles of
street pavement and over 150 miles of sidewalk verging in
all directions from the center. Peachtree street has been
covered with asphalt from Ellis street to the city limits,
at a cost of $50,000.00, and a largesum of money has been
recently expended in paving Pryor street with vitrified
brick. There are 75 miles of storm and sanitary sew7ers.
There is a perfect net work of electric railways in At¬
lanta. Over 100 miles of track extend in every direction
to the suburbs and outlying districts.
The erection of a new city hall ic now being agitated. The
expense will be over $1,000,000.00. It will undoubtedly
be the handsomest building in the South. The city is
beautifully and substantially built. Most of the busi¬
ness houses are of brick and stone, and towering
high in the air, present an imposing appearance,while the
large plate-glass show windows, ladened with stocks of
goods of every description, attract the passerby on
Whitehall and other leading streets. The drays and floats
in the wholesale quarter, rolling over the paved streets,
mingled with the low cry of teamsters, remind one of a
Babel and he longs to look upon the scene from some
high point.
23
VIEW OF THE CITY.
A view from the top of the Equitable building or the
dome of the State Capitol is something long to be remem¬
bered. The view from either of these high places at night
will never be forgotten.
Down from the Equitable building's high eminence, you
see at your very feet, as it were, the mammoth store¬
houses ; the streets are alive with the ceaseless moving of
drays, carts and wagons. The street cars laden with peo¬
ple, gliding almost noiselessly along and themoving mass
of pedestrians on the wide sidewalks, display an activity
that makes the heart of the Atlantian throb with pride.
Off from these busy scenes we look out upon beautiful
residence streets in every direction, on either side lined
with dwellings. You see the mansions of the opulent and
the cottages of the humbler citizens. While in the distance,
smokestacks from countless factories are belching forth
soot and smoke, which rise high above the numberless
church spires pointing their mute yet suggestive fingers
heavenward. Away beyond toward the east, past fields
of bending corn and snowj' cotton, you see the summit of
Stone Mountain like some lone sentinel on guard. It
is a part of the famous sand hills ranging from New
York to Florida. Those heights to the Northwest are
Kennesaw and Lost Mountains.
Looking down upon the bustling panorama, one feels
like exclaiming with the poet who must have had some
such scene of imposing grandeur in his mind's eye when
he wrote:
" 'Tis pleasant through the loopholes of retreat
To peep at such a world,
To see the roar she sends through all her gates
At a safe distance, when the dying sounds
Fall a soft murmur on the uninjured ear."
Night has come. The bustle of business has ceased and
the city seems to be wrapped in a lurid glare of gas and
24
electric light. Long rows of glittering electric lights
stud every quarter, which winding with the streets, sug¬
gest a moving torchlight procession.
The silent and stealthy tread of the night watchman
does not disturb the slumbers of Atlanta's tired citizens.
To-morrow all will be bustle and activity again.
HEALTH AND CLIMATE.
Too much cannot be said in favor of the healthfulness
and excellent climate of Atlanta. It has been stated by
the very best authorities on the subject that this
plateau was among the most healthful in the world, ow¬
ing to the latitude, altitude and superior natural drain¬
age in and far beyond the city. The prevailing winds are
from the North and West. The brisk current of air which
is always astir, renders our city free from fogs and mois¬
ture. Sunstrokes and cyclones are unknown.
The cleanliness of our city has commanded the atten¬
tion of the largest cities in the United States. Commit¬
tees from New York City, Chicago, St. Paul, Minneap¬
olis and Dayton, Ohio, and many other leading cities of
our country have visited Atlanta recently to inspect our
sanitary system.
The Dixon Sanitary Crematory, purchased one year
ago, for burning the garbage, night soil, dead animals
and other filth of the city, and operated by Chief Inspect¬
or Veal, has proven a complete success.
By the Dixon System, many thousand tons of offensive
and dangerous matter, have been incinerated without the
least odor from the furnaces or stack and the Crematoy
itself is a model of good sanitation.
The furnaces are very large, of enormous capacity and
so arranged that all the vapor, gas, disease breeding ma¬
terial and organized matter of every description, is
forced through a white hot furnace in the stack and ab¬
solutely incinerated.
25
The products of this complete combustion are red hot
ashes from the furnaces, and carbonic acid gas, nitrous
acid and other chemical equivolents from the stack.
None of these are offensive or dangerous.
The vast amount of combustable material in the city
garbage, reduces the expense for fuel, while dumping the
carts and wagons directly into the furnaces as they leave
the streets and alleys, make the Dixon system of crema¬
tion economical and sanitary. The city of Atlanta is
proud of her advanced step in good sanitation and invites
the world to inspect her system throughout.
Notwithstanding our increase of population, the death-
rate of Atlanta, for the year 1894, was even less than in
1893. The death rate of '94 being only 16 per cent.
The summers are not subject to the extreme oppressive
heat known to the Northern States. The winters are
mild, with enough frost to purify the air and give vim and
strength to the inhabitant. All kinds of labor can be pur¬
sued the year round without interference by heat or cold.
Autumn and spring are cool, bracing and invigorating
and at all seasons of the year the nights are cool enough
to require a blanket for covering. Owing to the refresh¬
ing state of the atmosphere, most perfect rest may be
had in the very heart of the city. As a result of this, At¬
lanta has become a resort for families, both rich and
poor the year round. Even our wealthiest citizens re
main at home in the summer knowing that home is infin¬
itely superior to mountain or summer resort in point of
comfort and convenience. Hence husbands are not de¬
prived of home and their families during the summer
months.
Malaria and epidemics are unknown. On all occasions
when other cities have been assailed by yellow fever, chol¬
era, small-pox or other dreaded diseases, Atlanta has
opened wide her portals and invited the hunted refugees
to enter. We have broken bread with them at our homes
26
in pertect safety, being confident and well assured from
experience that no disease could spread in our midst.
When other cities quarantine against you, bear in mind
Atlanta's gates are open to all.
Our average annual rainfall is 50 inches. The mercury
rarely falls within 10 degrees of zero, indicating an an¬
nual mean of 64 degrees Fahrenheit.
The difference between the coldest and hottest summer
day has ranged from 86 degrees to 95 degrees. Winter
da} shave ranged from 60 degrees to 8 degrees. The
mean average temperature of Atlanta is 60 degrees.
Average Temperature of At¬
lanta compared with oth-
er cities.
Atlanta, Aug
ust 14th 78.8
Augusta, '
80
Savannah, '
79.8
Jacksonville/
79.8
M'ntgom'ry,'
79.8
New Orleans/
81.5
Vicksburg, '
80.7
Charleston, '
78.0
The Wind's Velocity during
the same August 14th at
8 o'clock, a. m.
Atlanta, Aug. 14, 5.5 perhr
Chat'nooga,
2.9 "
M'ntgomery,
3.25 "
Knoxville,
3.2 "
Charleston,
' 4. "
Jacksonville,
4.5 "
Savannah,
5.3 "
and artificial
sewerage sys-
tem. The drainage and sewerage system is so arranged
as to carry off rapidly and completely the heavy rainfall
peculiar to this section. These rainfalls flush the sewers
and drains, thereby assisting greatly in maintaining
splendid sanitary conditions. Our lateral sewers are
flushed regularly and frequently from the fire-plugs,
Hence Atlanta has been recognized as one of the cleanest
cities of the world.
GRADY HOSPITA^
WATER SUPPLY.
l ure, cold, cheap and abundant is the water supply
of Atlanta. These results are due to the fact that it is
owned by the city.
The water is brought from the Chattahoochee river,
7 miles northwest of the city. Three Holly engines
stand in readiness to supply a city of four times the popu¬
lation. Each engine has a capacity of 10,000,000 gallons
daily. One engine stands at the Chattahoochee river,
a second engine held in readiness in case of accident is
north of the city, at the main reservoir. This reservoir
contains 200,000,000 gallons of water. And still a third
engine of equal capacity is held at Hemphill station.
Every gallon of water taken from the river is scientific¬
ally filtered and has been frequently pronounced by
chemical experts to be absolute^' free from impurities.
The present pumping capacity will suppl}' 200,000 people
and can be increased to meet the wants of eleven millions
of people.
We have been offered for our new water system alone
$3,000,000.00 which is more than sufficient to pay off the
entire indebtedness of the city.
It is now the purpose of an enterprising company to
utilize the waters of the Chattahoochee, in generating
electricity. This company owns two water-powers on
the river, one 13 and another 7 miles from the city, where
a service of 29,000 horse-power can be generated. It is
their purpose to dam the river at Long Island. The elec¬
tricity will be conveyed to the city through 500,000
pounds of copper wire. This power can be used by any
one who wishes it for railroads, heating, lighting and
building. This means thousands to Atlanta, as every
mill, factory or other establishment in the city can be
supplied with electricity at a wonderful reduction of cost.
2.~)
ELECTRIC LIGHTS AND POWER.
O-
HE streets of Atlanta are lighted entirely by
electric lights which are furnished by the
Georgia Electric Light Company at a price
lower than any city of its size in the country.
Not a gas light is used on the streets. This company
also furnish incandescent lights to almost the entire
business portion of the city and power to run all classes
of machinery. They have over 14,000 incandescent and
200 arc lights in addition to those furnished to the city
and about 500 horse power in moters.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Board of Directors meets on the first Tuesday of every
month at 11 a. m.
The Chamber issues, annually, a report of the trade and
business of Atlanta in pamphlet form, which contains
also much other valuable information concerning our city.
It may be had by addressing the Secretary of Chamber
of Commerce.
The following are the present officers :
Stewart S. Woodson, President; R. D. Spalding, Vice-
President; E. P. Chamberlin, Second Vice-President; R.
B. Bullock, Third Vice-President; H. G. Saunders, Secre¬
tary ; Paul Romare, Treasurer.
30
LOCATION OF INTERESTING POINTS.
TANDING in the main entrance of the Union
Depot you are in the center of the city, and
facing the northeast, Wall street confronts you.
Turning slightly to your left you are facing
the north. The first cross street at your left
is called Pryor. One block north on Pryor street and two
blocks to your left will bring you to the corner of Broad
and Marietta streets, a common center where nearly
every electric car in the city passes. This corner is only
three blocks N. W. of Union Depot.
Buttle Fields—Two miles from Union Depot in every di¬
rection.
Barracks—McPherson's Barracks four miles S. W. of
Union Depot. Take Barracks car, corner Forsyth and
Marietta, or Central R. R. train, hourly from Union
Depot.
* Cemeteries—Hollywood Cemetery is three miles N. W. of
Union Depot. Take Chattahoochee electric car, five blocks
N. W. of Union Depot, corner Forsyth and Walton street.
Oakland—(Old City), take Decatur street-car, corner
Broad and Marietta.
West View—Contains 600 acres. Well worth visiting.
Here stands the tomb of the immortal Grady and many
other notables. Take West View car, corner Broad and
Marietta.
31
YOUNG MEN'S LIBRARY.
Chamber of Commerce— Corner Pryor and Hunter,
two blocks S. W. of Union Depot.
City Offices—Chamber of Commerce Building.
Capitol—Three blocks S. E. of Union Depot on Wash¬
ington street.
Court House—Corner Pryor and E. Hunter, two blocks
S. W. Union Depot. *
Colleges, Seminaries, Universities, Etc—Agnes Scott In¬
stitute, Decatur.
Atlanta Medical College—60 Jenkins street.
Capital Female College—47-51 Houston street.
Southern Baptist Female College—Manchester.
Southern Medical College—Butler, corner College street.
Southern Shorthand and Business College—Grand build¬
ing.
Colored—Atlanta Baptist Seminary, S. end of Fair.
Clark University—S. Atlanta.
Gammon Theological Seminary—S. end of Capitol
Avenue.
Morris Brown College—Corner Houston and Boulevard.
Spellman Seminary—99 Leonard street.
Churches—Adventists—Badger near Glynn, two miles
S. E. of Union Depot.
Baptist—First Baptist, corner of Walton and Forsyth,
five blocks N. W. of Union Depot; Dr. Hawthorne, Pastor.
Second Baptist, Washington street, corner Mitchell,
three blocks S. E. of Union Depot; Dr. McDonald, Pastor.
Hard Shell Baptist—Kennedy street, two miles N. W. of
Union Depot.
Christian—Hunter street opposite Court House, two
blocks S. W. of Union Depot.
Christian Science—In the Grand Opera House.
Congregational—"Church of the Redeemer" on Church
street, six blocks N. W. of Union Depot; Rev. R. V. Atkin¬
son, Pastor.
33
Berean Congregational—Corner Borne and Tennell
streets, two miles S. E. of Union Depot.
Central Presbyterian—Washington street, three blocks
S. E. of Union Depot; Rev. G. B. Strickler, Pastor.
Episcopal—St. Luke's—Corner Pryor and Houston
streets, four blocks N. of Union Depot.
Hebrew Synagogue—Garnett street, corner Forsyth,
six blocks S. W. of Union Depot; Leo Reich, Rabbi.
Lutheran—Forsyth, N. W. corner of Garnett, six blocks
S. W • Union Depot; Rev. C. Meuschke, rector.
Methodist—First Methodist, junction of Pryor and
Peachtree, four blocks N. of Union Depot.
Presbyterian—First Presbyterian, 95 Marietta street,
six blocks N. W. of Union Depot; Rev. E. H. Barnett,
Pastor.
Roman Catholic—Church of Immaculate Conception,
corner Loyd and Hunter streets, one block South of Union
Depot; Father B. J. Keiley, Y. G.; Father G. X. Shade-
well, As'st.
St. Peter's and Paul's Catholic—Marietta, S. E. corner
of Alexander street; Father J. F. Colbert.
St. Philip's Cathedral—Episcopal—Washington street,
corner E. Hunter, three blocks S. E. of Union Depot;
Rev. Albion A Knight, D. D., Dean.
Trinity—Methodist, Whitehall street, corner Trinity
Avenue, four blocks S. W. of Union Depot.
Unitarian—Church street, between Forsyth and Fair-
lie, six blocks N. of Union Depot.
Y. M. C. A.—Corner Auburn avenue and Pryor, three
blocks N. of Union Depot, Railroad branch, 34 Wall
street, opposite Union Depot, over Express office.
Colored Churches—Allen Temple, Clark street, corner
Frazer, nine blocks S. E. of Union Depot.
Big Bethel—Corner Wheat and Butler, six blocks N. E.
of Union Depot.
u
Clubs—Capital City, 186 Peachtree, L. Minis, Presi¬
dent, five blocks N. of Union Depot, opposite Hotel
Aragon.
Concordia Association—Corner Mitchell and Forsyth,
J. Haas, President, four blocks S. W. of Union Depot.
Emmet Club—63% E. Alabama,S. T. Grady, President.
Harmony Club—118 Whitehall, J. Steinheimer, Presi¬
dent.
Equitable Building—Corner Pry or street and Edge-
wood avenue, two blocks N. E. of Union Depot. Hand¬
somest office building in the South.
Exposition Grounds—Three miles N. E. of Union Depot.
Take North Atlanta electric cars, corner Broad and Mari¬
etta, also Exposition trains from Union Depot.
Fire Department Headquarters—On Alabama street,
four blocks N. W. of Union Depot.
Fort Walker—Southeast corner of Grant Park.
Governor's Mansion—Peachtree, corner of Cain street,
six blocks N. of Union Depot, opposite Hotel Aragon.
Home for Fallen Women—Florence Crittenden Home,
on Simpson Creek, 2*4 miles S. W. of Union Depot.
Home of the Friendless—Corner Highland avenue and
Randolph street, nearly two miles N. E. of Union Depot.
Hotels—Aragon, five blocks North of Union Depot.
Arlington, 85 Marietta street.
Folsom's European, 16% Marietta street.
Kimball, one-half block N. W.Union Depot.
Markham, Y2 block E. of Union Depot entrance.
Marion, three blocks N. of Union Depot on N. Pryor street.
Metropolitan, 15 S. Pryor street.
Hospitals—Gradj' Hospital, six blocks E. of Union De¬
pot, No. 100 Butler street.
St. Joseph Infirmary— 294 Courtland avenue, nine
blocks N. E. of Union Depot, in charge of Sisters of
Mercy.
ONE OF SHERMAN'S HEADQUARTERS IN 1864.
Libraries—State Library at the new Capitol contains old
records of colonial days in perfect condition.
Young Men's Library Association.—Free, 101 Marietta,
between Cone and Spring streets, six blocks N. W. of Union
Depot.
Little Switzerland—A short distance east of Grant Park.
Little Tyrol—1% miles N. E. of Union Depot.
Monuments—Confederate Monuments, one at West
View Cemetery, and Lion of Lucerne at Oakland, erected
in honor of our unknown dead.
Grady Monument, four blocks N. W. of Union Depot, in
front of the Post Office.—Two monuments have been
erected in memory of this worthy and honored citizen of
Atlanta. This bronze statue on Marietta street, and the
other a more lasting and useful one known as the Grady
Hospital built by public subscription.
McPherson's Monument, one-half mile N. E. of Fort
Walker, and S. E. of Union Depot. Erected on the spot
where Gen. McPherson fell. The Soldiers' Home electric
car takes you within two blocks of this monument.
Senator Hill's Monument, at new Capitol.
Newspapers—About forty newspapers and magazines
are published in Atlanta. The two leading dailies are the
Constitution, a highly creditable morning paper for
any city, and The Evening Journal, which is a terse
and equally well-wTritten paper under excellent manage¬
ment. The building of the former is about five blocks W.
of Union Depot, corner Alabama and Forsyth streets.
The latter is located at 10 S. Broad street, three blocks
N. W. of Union Depot.
Orphanages—Baptist Orphan Home, 293 Courtland
avenue, N. E. of Union Depot.
Hebrew Orphan Home, Washington street, beyond Geor¬
gia avenue, one and one-half miles S. of Union Depot.
Leonard Street Orphan's Home, 77 Leonard street.
Methodist Orphan Home, at Decatur.
37
Presbyterian Orphan Home, Jennie D. Intnan Or¬
phanage, 101 Forsyth, near W. Mitchell street.
Parks—L. P.Grant Park is one and one-half miles S. E.
of Union Depot; take Grant Park Electric Car, corner
Marietta and Broad.
Inman Park, one and one-half miles east of Union
Depot.
Gentleman's Driving Park, adjoining Exposition
Grounds, two and one-half miles N. E. Union Depot.
Peachtree Street—Begins one block N. W. of Union Depot,
extends North beyond limits. Most beautiful residence
street in the South. Paved with asphalt from Ellis street
to entrance of city limits.
Police Headquarters—171-9 Decatur street, four blocks
E. of Union Depot.
Post Office and Custom House—Corner Marietta and
Forsyth streets, four blocks N. W. of Union Depot.
Suburbs—Bolton, eight miles N. W. of Union Depot, on
W. and A. Railroad.
Copenhill, two miles east of city.
Decatur, six miles E. of Union Depot, on Georgia Rail¬
road. The old county seat of DeKalb County.
East Lake, four miles east of Atlanta. Take East
Lake electric cars—Hampton & Herman, agents.
East Point,seven miles S.of Atlanta, on Central Railroad.
Edgewood, two miles East of Atlanta—Inman Park
electric cars or Georgia Railroad accommodation trains.
Forrest Park, four miles S.of Atlanta—Col. G. W. Adair
Kirkwood, beyond Edgewood, east of city—Georgia
Railroad accommodation trains.
Manchester, seven miles S. of Atlanta.
McPherson, four miles S. W. of Union Depot—Col.
G. W. Adair, Agent.
Oakland City, beyond West End, three miles S. W. of
Union Depot—J. R. Collins, W. H. Holcombe, Agents.
38
Sherman's Headquarters—198 Peachtree, known as the
Lej-den House, about six blocks north of Union Depot.
Another of Sherman's headquarters is now the girls'high
school, corner Washington and Mitchell Streets, abouL
four blocks south of Union Depot. And still a third is
said to have been occupied by him, four blocks northeast
of Union Depot. It is an anti-bellum house on the corner
of Auburn and Courtland Avenues.
Societies— Grand Army of the Republic—The 0. M.
Mitchell Post meets at their post rooms, corner Alabama
and South Forsyth, first and third Thursdays of each
month.
Grand Army of the Republic, Post No. 2; Woman's Re¬
lief Corps, meets afternoons of same days.
Sons of Veterans, J. B. McPherson Post 26, Division
of Alabama, Tennessee and Georgia, first and third
Thursdays of each month at the corner of Alabama and
South Forsyth Streets.
Confederate Veterans, meet third Monday night of
every month at their hall over 24 S. Broad Street.
Secret Societies—Refer to Directory.
Schools—Boys' High School, Edgewood Avenue, near
Equitable Building.
Girls' High School, East Mitchell, four blocks south of
Union Depot.
Georgia School of Technology, nearty two miles north
and a little W. of Union Depot.
Boys' Catholic School, 117 Capitol Avenue.
Girls' Catholic School, by Catholic church, No. 86
Loyd, corner Loyd and Hunter.
Telephone Exchange—Corner Prvor and Mitchell, two
blocks S. W. of Union Depot.
Theatres—The Grand, fourth largest in United States,
five blocks north of Union Depot on North Pryor street.
39
LITTLE TYROL.
DeGive's Opera House—Four blocks N. W. of Union
Depot, on Marietta.
New Lyceum Theatre—Four blocks N. E. of Union
Depot, on Edgewood Avenue.
Union Depot—Centre of the city.
Washington Street—Two blocks S. E. of Union Depot,
extends to the city limits.
A FEW INTERESTING RIDES.
Electric car lines reach all important points of interest
in and around Atlanta. Fine horses and thoroughly first-
class equipages in every particular may be secured at
any of the large livery stables.
Riding north on Peachtree street the first prominent
structure to arrest your attention is Hotel Aragon on
your right. Diagonally across Peachtree from this hotel
is the Capital City Club House. One block beyond on
the southwest corner of Peachtree and Cain streets is the
Governor's mansion. This beautiful street extends far
beyond the limits of the city. It is the old road made by
the Indians and leads to an old peachtree on the bank of
Peachtree creek under whose spreading branches the Indi¬
ans held many councils. To-day it is called the most
beautiful resident street in the south.
On reaching Ponce deLeon Avenue turn eastward, which
is to your right. Driving down Ponce deLeon Avenue the
first point of interest is to your left, on the north side of
the avenue. It is called Little Tyrol.
Little Tyrol is a magnificent property. It contains over
three acres and is only one and one-half miles from the
centre of the city.
The grounds are graded and ready for building. Every
foot of this romantic tract has been cultivated and
beautified.
A great variety of rare flowers, fruit trees and berries
are growing vigorously here. There are terraced lawns,
41
rustic bridges, silver lakes filled with gold fish, sparkling
fountains and flowers that can only unfold their petals
here and in Fairyland. Three valuable springs, the gilts of
nature, are found within this little Eden. One of chalyb¬
eate water, one distinctly sulphur, and another free-stone.
These delightfully cool and health-giving springs supply
the lakes. The water is kept constantly in motion by the
work of a hydraulic ram.
There are winding paths and widespreading shade trees
that lend to the enchantment of this adorned retreat. All
this, with a complete natural drainage and granite rock
bottom in the valley above which it is situated, makes
Little Tyrol a most perfect Sanitarium for both sum¬
mer and winter.
Mr. Julius Hartman has spent years in this work and
has done all in his power to perfect it. He is now ready to
sell this Fairyland to some person who will build a hand¬
some residence, hotel or Sanitarium.
Only a short distance beyond in the same direction are
Ponce de Leon Springs. Here you may stop for a cup of
chalybeate water.
Returning to Peachtree street you may drive farther
out till you reach "Wilson Avenue; turning east or to your
right on Wilson Avenue you will reach the Exposition
grounds and the Gentlemen's Driving Park.
Drive back Wilson Avenue to Piedmont Avenue, down
Piedmont, to Ponce de Leon Avenue. East on Ponce de
Leon Avenue will carry you past Little Tyrol to the Boule¬
vard beyond, which reaches away to the southward at
your right.
The Boulevard is a beautiful avenue, and will be a great
pride to Atlanta in years to come. Its height, width and
number of magnificent homes, with their spacious lawns,
assure every observer a boulevard that any citv may
point to with pride. This is one of the most desirable
residence streets in the city.
42
Arriving at Edgewood Avenue, turn to your left, which
is east ward, a few moments' ride will bringyou to Inman
Park. This is one of the wealthiest and most attractive
portions of the city. The land is from twenty to forty
feet higher than the greater part of the city. In the cen¬
ter of this residence portion of Atlanta is a public park
of about ten acres with abundant shade and excellent
mineral water. In every direction the residences and lawns
suggest comfort and elegance. High architectural taste
has been displayed in many of the fine homes. Inman
Park is supplied with electric light and gas. The sewers
are all laid. None of the city's sewers flow in that direc¬
tion. The principal streets are well-paved and have every
advantage requisite for fine homes.
Turn back and drive down Edgewood Avenue till you
arrive at the intersection of this avenue with Pry or street.
This point is marked by the Equitable Building, a hand¬
some edifice which cost $1,000,000.00.
If you would get a correct idea of the advantages re¬
ceived by the colored population in the Sunny South, drive
south from the Equitable Building on Pryor street, which
has been recently paved with vitrified brick and asphalt-
block, till you reach Georgia Avenue; drive east on Geor¬
gia Avenue three blocks to Washington street. Here you
may visit Clark University. Returning to Georgia Avenue,
continue your ride about one and a half miles eastward,
and you will reach Grant Park.
L. P. Grant Park—Is a beautiful tract of land consist¬
ing of 144 acres. It is located in the southeast part of
Atlanta within the city's limits. It was named for its
liberal donor, L. P. Grant, who generously gave 100 acres
of this land to the city for a park.
Among the attractions of this park are the cycloramic
painting of the Battle of Atlanta; Fort Walker, an
original defensive f ortification in the southeast corner of
the park; Gress Zoological Exhibit, and numerous works
43
"TRINITY" METHODIST CHURCH,
Corner Whitehall and Trinity Avenue. R. .T. Bigham, Pastor.
Visitors to the Exposition cordially invited.
of art in bronze, iron and terra cotta. There are lakes
and flowers, long drives and shaded walks. Lake Abana
is 700 feet long and 200 feet wide.
L. P. Grant Park can be reached by taking an electric
■2ar, corner of Broad and Marietta.
Returning, drive north on South Boulevard to Wood¬
ward Avenue, thence west on Woodward Avenue to Capi¬
tol Avenue. To your right towers the New State Capitol
of Georgia.
Again, you may ride out Whitehall street westward
until you reach West End. Thence on to Westview Ceme¬
tery on Gordon street on your right, where you may
behold with what reverence and sacred care we regard one
of our silent cities of the dead.
You can also drive from Whitehall south to Lee street
on the macadamized road four miles, and you will reach
McPherson's Barracks.
To visit a number of the factories by which you may
learn what the mind cannot grasp from a book, so mighty
are the workings of machinery, ride out Marietta street.
Among the numerous manufacturing etablishments are
the cotton gin, stove, match, paint, Houston Electric
Plant, Collins Brick Yard, Exposition Mills, tin and fur¬
niture factories.
LEGAL HACK RATES.
Extracts from City Ordinances, regulating the running
of hacks within the limits of the city :
Section 393.—It shall not be lawful for any person driv¬
ing a hack within the city limits to charge for one trip
more than the following prices: For one-horse vehicle,
each person, 25 cents. For two-horse vehicle, each per¬
son, 50 cents.
Provided, that double the prices above named may be
charged after 10 o'clock p. m., and before 5 o'clock, a. m.
15
Section 394.—Any driver of a hack violating the above
Ordinance shall, upon conviction before the Recorder, be
fined not more than $25.00 and costs, or be imprisoned
not ex _->ding thirty days.
Section 395.—Any person or persons engaging or using
a hack in this city, and refusing to pay said rates, shall be
fined not exceeding $25.00 or imprisoned not exceeding
thirty days.
Section 397.—And no person controlling a licensed hack
shall leave his or their hack for any period of time in con¬
trol of a person under 18 years of age. Nor shall such
hackman refuse to haul a passenger when not otherwise
engaged.
Section 388.—Each person who takes out a license to
run a hack shall post conspicuously in such hack a copy of
these Ordinances, and keep the same posted during the
continuance of said license. Any person violating this
section, shall be fined in a sum not exceeding $100.00 or
imprisoned not exceeding thirty days.
46
SCHOOLS.
(25Td many years Atlanta has been recognized as
a center for education in the Southern States,
ji^/^ The public school system is unsurpassed. Here
j the young receive thorough and careful training.
So perfected has become the course of study in
the public schools that hundreds of Atlanta's best citizens
prefer them to any private training. There are 29 public
grammar schools in the various wards, under the super¬
vision of 180 teachers. We have at present in our city a
boys' high school, with seventeen instructors, a boys'
night school, a girls' high school, with a seating capacity
of 460, conducted by a corps of seventeen instructors, col¬
leges, institutes, universities and seminaries that are
abreast with the best educational institutions in the
United States.
The public school property of Atlanta is valued at
$500,000.00. There is now in the course of erection,
on the corner of Gilmer street and Courtland avenue, a
handsome new high school building for boys which will
cost when completed about $50,000.
In addition to these are more than 20 splendid private
schools and many excellent kindergartens, scattered all
over the city.
Philanthropic institutions of every description are nu¬
merous and growing rapidly.
The Technological Institute, organized in 1888, is sup¬
ported by an annuity of $2,500 from the city, and a lib¬
eral appropriation from the State. The buildings are
spacious, the equipment of teachers and appliances un¬
surpassed. The annual attendance approximates two
hundred students.
47
TECHNOLOGICAL bCHOOL.
BUSINESS UNIVERSITY.
TLANTA is blessed with unusual facilities for
giving to the young men and women through¬
out the country a thorough and practical
business training. No branch of education
is so important and none receiving more at¬
tention from the rising generation than the business
schools. Proud, therefore, is Atlanta, that her advant¬
ages in this respect are equal to the best in America.
The Southern Shorthand and Business University, with
A. C. Briscoe, President; L. W. Arnold, Vice-President; F.
B.White, Secretary, and a corps of excellent teachers is an
institution of National reputation. Its graduates, num¬
bering several thousand, are to be found in almost every
business house throughout the South. The University is
incorporated under the laws of Georgia, with a capital
stock of $50,000, and is located in "The Grand," the
handsomest business block on beautiful Peachtree street.
It has an average daily attendance of 250 students in the
various departments of Book-keeping, Shorthand, Telegra¬
phy and English. This being Exposition year its patron¬
age will be almost double.
49
POLICE DEPARTMENT.
Atlanta has a Board of Six Police Commissioners, includ¬
ing the Mayor, Ex Officio. Two of the Commissioneis
are elected bj e^ery new City Council, so that four of the
members are always experienced in their duties. This
Board is non-partisan in politics and has complete control
over the department, acting entirely independent of the
General Council. To obtain an appointment an appli¬
cant #must be generally intelligent; must be familiar
with the city of Atlanta and be able to impart informa¬
tion in relation thereto. Must have a good knowledge of
the municipal laws governing police duties and an ele¬
mentary knowledge of the law in general; must be strictly
temperate; good moral character, civil in all his relations
with citizens, and courteous to all. Many are the excel¬
lent qualities required of our policemen. He must not
even exhibit a sympathy with any faction or party in
politics.
STREET RAILWAYS.
In nothing has the progressive spirit of Atlanta been
more manifest than in the accommodations of her street
railway. Atlanta enjoys the finest system of electric street
cars in the South. Ithas more street-car lines than any city
of its size in the land. The service covers more than one-
half of the city's street mileage. 77.57 miles are now in
operation, 12 miles of which is double track. Nearly all
cars pass the corner of Broad and Marietta, three blocks
Northwest of the Union Depot. Every car is comfortable
and many are elegantly finished. The service is prompt
and carefully arranged for the convenience of the people.
These cars reach all points of interest in and near Atlanta.
Among the most pleasing long rides are to the Exposi¬
tion Grounds, the Nine Mile Circuit, the Chattahoochee
River route, the Barracks, L. P. Grant Park, Edgewood
and Decatur.
51
The Atlanta Electric Railway Company was recently or¬
ganized with a capital of $100,000. Mr. Dayton Hale,
President; D. H. Livermore, Secretary and Treasurer. This
is a prominent addition to the street-car system of our
city, running to Lakewood Park. The road will be equipped
with improvements in every way—Brill cars and trucks
and Westinghouse motors of the finest qualities.
THE TELEPHONE SYSTEM.
Prominent among the enterprises to which Atlantians
point with pride as a living evidence of the famed pro-
gressiveness of their city, stands the Atlanta Telephone
Exchange.
The system was started in this city in the year 1878,
since which time its history has been one of evolution and
success, marked by a gratifying and vigorous growth.
There are upwards of fifteen hundred subscribers in this
city, ninety-nine per cent, of whom will maintain that the
service cannot be surpassed.
In the matter of Telephone service and long distance
lines, Atlanta is far superior to any Southern city, and
indeed is unsurpassed by any other city of its size in the
United States.
The service enjoyed by the subscribers of this city is
identically the same as that given in New York, Philadel¬
phia and Boston—the instruments and every part of the
mechanism connected with the plant being of the latest
improved type and fully equal to every demand. That
no expense has been spared in this direction is attested by
those who have visited the company's headquarters and
been shown through the rich and commodious building
which graces the corner of Pryor and Mitchell streets.
Closely allied to the city service, and yet of sufficient
importance to be classed as a business of its own, is the
long-distance or out-of-town service, which is patronized
with profit by thousands monthly.
52
Few people stop to think what a triumph of human
genius has been wrought when it is possible for a person
in his home in the city of Atlanta to be able to hold an
almost whispered conversation with a friend or relative,
likewise at home in the city of Macon, and yet this is
done many times daily.
Besides connection with Macon, this city has direct
connection oris on "speaking terms" with the following
places: Athens, Austell, Conyers, Covington, Douglas-
ville, Griffin, Jonesboro, Lithia Springs, Marietta, Madi¬
son, Newnan, Social Circle, Cartersville, Rome and
Columbus, Ga., besides a score of other points of minor
importance.
Mr. W. T. Gentry is the well-known and deservedly-
popular manager of the system in this city and loses no
opportunity to enhance the welfare of his subscribers.
The secret of his success in this direction has been
mainly owing to his belief that there is nothing too good
for Atlanta, and he has never accepted a compromise on
that point.
Visitors to the city will find their trip incomplete with¬
out a visit to the Atlanta Telephone Exchange. They
will find much there to instruct and interest, and the
management extend to all respectable people, both
strangers and home folks, a cordial invitation to visit
them.
53
SECOND BAPTIST CHURCH.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
ATLANTA has a fire de-
partment famous tlirough-
out the land. The city has
not had a conflagration of
\ ^ fifteen years. The result of
' "fff-- this is that Atlanta prop-
erty is considered a good
, risk by insurance companies
' •<" | -N and the rates are very low.
. •• ■ Chief Joy ner possesses the
\ W-'^00 confidence and regard of the
whole people. Anything he
asks for in the way of ma¬
chinery, appliances and improvements, is freely granted.
The chief is the highest salaried city official. Invitations
have frequently been extended to this worthy chief to
visit larger cities and aid them in perfecting their de¬
partments.
The annual expense of the department is $100,000.00.
The department consists of a chief engineer, 1 fire inspect¬
or, 10 foremen, 3 engineers, 1 secretanr, 72 men and 3
steamers, 7 two-horse hose wagons, 2 hook and ladder
trucks, 16,000 feet of hose, 1 two-horse chemical engine,
double tank, and 76 street alarm boxes.
55
SUBURBS.
N the outlying districts beyond the city's limits
are perhaps twenty-five attractive suburbs, the
homes of thousands of prosperous business
men of our city.
Only a few of these beautiful retreats can be
described and located in this Guide for want of space.
All of our suburbs are reached by electric cars, which run
frequently from the corner of Broad and Marietta streets.
Among the most interesting are Peachtree Park, Fort
McPherson, East Lake, Decatur, Manchester, Hapeville,
Iceville, East Point and Oakland City.
East Lake is one of the favorite suburbs. It is only four
and a half miles from the city and is reached by the electric
cars and the Georgia railroad. Many broad, beautiful
drives interlace this quiet resort.
A manufactured lake of forty-one acres, supplied by
cool springs, is prominent among the attractions. Here
you will find boats, bathing houses, flowers and every
comfort necessary to a charming resort.
Dairy and truck farming is carried on extensively and
very profitablj' in many of our suburbs. Atlanta has
need of more of these industries. Cheese, butter and
various farm products are constantly being shipped into
this city that could be manufactured and raised in our
immediate vicinity with great profit to the pro¬
ducer, and less expense to the purchaser. People
already engaged in this trade are rapidly accumu¬
lating competencies. An industrious farmer near Atlanta
made in one year $1,000 on an acre of strawberries,
56
$900 on an acre of onions and $600 on one acre of
cabbage.
The new Lakewood Park, four miles south of the city,
is easy of access both by drives and the new line of the
Atlanta Electric Railway, now in course of construction.
The lake covers an area of fifty acres and is seven-eighths
of a mile in length. The park surrounding the lake is
covered with trees. More than twenty springs have been
discovered on the grounds, some possessing medicinal
properties. Contemplated improvements include in part
a pavilion and theatre, boat house, bath houses,
electrical displays, steam or electrical launches, sail and
row boats, with ample provision for all kinds of out¬
door sports. Picnics a specialty.
STATE CAPITOL.
The new State Capitol of Georgia is almost a repro¬
duction in miniature of the splendid Capitol at Washing¬
ton, D. C. This edifice, the most imposing in Georgia,
and one of the most imposing in the United States, is
built of oolitic limestone and Georgia granite and marble.
It was completed a few years ago, the following being
the dimensions:
Length—east and west fronts 325 feet
Width—north and south ends 172 "
Height—Representative and Senate Chambers 43 "
Height of dome to top of lantern 237 "
Height to top of figure of "Liberty" 257 "
Diameter of dome at base 75 "
Diameter of rotunda 48 "
It is a fact remarkable in the history of public buildings,
and worthy of record, that this magnificent building was
built within the appropriation. The State appropriated
$1,000,000 for its construction, and it was finished com¬
plete in every respect for $999,881.57.
It was started in 1884 and completed in 1889.
The grounds around the new Capitol contain about
five acres. This was a part of the land originally owned
by Mr. Samuel Mitchell and given to the City of Atlanta,
for public purposes. It was once known as City Hall
Park. After being nicely graded and planted with shade
trees it was presented by the city to the State of Georgia
as the site for a new capitol building.
U. S. POST.
Fort McPherson is situated four miles southwest of the
Union Depot. It was authorized by Congress in 1885.
The site was selected by General Hancock. Thegroundsare
high and command a fine view of the city. This reserva-
ation con tains 260 acres. Thirty-five handsome brick build¬
ings have been erected. The waterworks and sewerage are
complete. $1,500,000.00 has been expended on this fort,
which makes it the second finest post in theUnited States.
The same amount is still to be used for improvements.
The Fort is reached by the Central, and Atlanta & West
Point Railroads; by electric car line and by macadam¬
ized road. A fine military road is in course of construc¬
tion from the city to the Post. The main entrance faces
to the east. The buildings are numbered and used for the
following purposes: First building to your left as you en¬
ter, No. 32, is the Guardhouse; Two large buildings in
front of you face the parade grounds, No. 21, Admin¬
istration building; No. 22, the Chapel. The nineteen beauti¬
ful homes to your right, north of the parade grounds, num¬
bered from 1 to 19, are the homes of the officers. The
long row, south of the parade grounds, numbered from
23 to 26, are the Barracks or quarters of the enlisted men.
Immediately at the rear of these buildings is a ground
rock road, on the south side of which is No. 28, the Hos¬
pital, with a small Dead House at the rear. Opposite the
Hospital, toward the east, are the Commissary and
Quartermaster's storehouses, No. 29, Commissary depart-
58
ment; No. 30, Quartermaster's department; No. 31,Bake
Shop. About 400 yards west of the Hospital, is number
41. This is the consolidated Mess Hall. The quarters of
the non-commissioned officers and the stables are in the
southwestern corner of the grounds, some distance be¬
yond the Mess Hall.
The parade grounds are 500 yards long and 200 yards
wide. The most interesting feature for the visitor is the
dress parade which takes place on these grounds daily
(Saturday and Sunday excepted) when the weather per¬
mits, one-half hour before sunset.
The 5th regiment of infantry is now stationed at Mc-
Pherson Barracks. It is under the command of Colonel
W. L. Kellog. This regiment was formerly known in the
Northwest as the "Fighting Fifth," a name they earned
there by their incessant conflict with Indians. Thesoldiers
comprising this regiment are an exceptionally fine appear¬
ing body of men. Their dignified and military bearing is
in keeping with the record of the regiment. The history
of the "Fifth" dates back to 1789. They did excellent ser¬
vice in Montana, under General Miles, then colonel, and in
the days that followed Custer's massacre, were the cen¬
tral figures in that section, and cleared it of hostile Indians.
LIST OF OFFICERS:
Colonel—W. L. Kellog.
Lieutenant Colonel—H. B. Freeman.
Major—G. B. Russell.
Captains—M. Carter, F. D. Baldwin, E. Rice, E.L.Ran¬
dall, H. Romeyn, T. F. Forbes, G. P. Borden, T. M. Wood¬
ruff, H. K. Bailey, W. H. C. Bowen.
First Lieuts.—J.C. F.Tillson, H. Liggett, J.M.T.Partello,
T. M. Defrees, W. H. Chatfield, J. E.Wilson, M.J. O'Brien,
W. F. Martin, F. G. Kalk, F. C. Kimball, S. M. Hackney.
Second Lieutenants—J. Baylies, R. Rose, J. Heavy, L.
Wahl, M. Crowley, E. Sigerfoos, J. F. Madden, A. K.
Capron, F. E. Bamford, F. J. Morrow.
50
ATLANTA'S WAR HISTORY.
,OR years Atlanta was the important strong¬
hold of the Southern Confederacy. It was a
city of hospitals and a shelter for thousands
j of refugees. The hard feeling and excitement
caused by the admission of Kansas into the
Union reached Atlanta early in 1856. What was known
as a Kansas meeting was held in Atlanta, March 5th,
1856, when it was resolved that Kansas, if admitted as a
free state, would destroy the balance of power of the
several states which were already in an excited condition.
That as the first settlers of Kansas were slaveholders each
man should exert himself to secure Kansas as a slave
state. On April 3d, of the same year, Capt. Jones, with
a company of emigrants started from Atlanta to Kansas.
The foregoing will give a faint idea of the feeling mani¬
fested on the slave question at that early date.
On February 24th, 1861, Capt. A. M.Wallace issued the
first draft for men from Georgia, totheregular army. At¬
lanta was made a military post in June, 1862, with Ma jor
Leyden in command. The importance of Atlanta as one
of the great work shops and supply depots of the Confed¬
eracy and the W. & A. Ry. connecting this supply depot
with the armies of Tennessee led to the daring adventure
of Andrews and his raiders.
APPROACH OF THE TROOPS.
The federal troops approached Atlanta from the north¬
west, via W. & A. Ry. Confederate Gen. Johnston fell
back from Marietta to a new position prepared by Col.
60
Prestman. This fortification extended from the Chatta¬
hoochee river south to the W. & A. Ry. across the hilly
country and joined the river again some three miles
above. This was pronounced by Sherman to be the
strongest field fortification he ever witnessed.
There was some sharp fighting at Ruffs, July 3rd,
1864, and at Smyrna, July 4th, in which the federals
were repulsed. During the next few days with strong
array confronting the confederate fortification, several
columns were thrown out by Federal Gen. Sherman north
and south of Confederate Gen. Johnston's position, which
resulted in securing two crossings over the Chattahoochee.
After some fighting at several points Johnston evacuated
this position, crossed the Chattahoochee, burning the
railroad bridge.
Confederate Gen. Johnston's tactics were strictly de¬
fensive. On July 17th, Gen. Johnston was relieved of the
command of the army and Gen. Hood appointed to succeed
him. Hood substituted an aggressive policy. His army
had scarcely half its enemy's number. Here the vital
mistake was made in removing the prudent and sagacious
Johnston. Sherman, being almost intuitively aware of
this, changed his tactics accordingly, and instead of as¬
saulting or making offensive movements against the con¬
federate lines, assumed a strong position four miles north
of Atlanta on Peachtree creek, July 18th.
BATTLE OF PEACHTEEE CREEK.
On the 19th of July a fight took place between a por¬
tion of the army of the Cumberland and Confederate
Gen. Reymond's brigade of Walthall's division. The
federals crossed the creek at Moore's Mills, but were driven
back losing 150 men and two standards. At 3 p.m., on
the 20th of July, General Hoodinade an impetuous assault
upon Howard in the center of the federal lines. The at¬
tack soon extended to Federal Hooker's position. Before
61
POSITION OF UNION TROOPS BEFORE THE BATTLE OF PEACHTREE CREEK.
1. Gibson's and Knefler's Brigade.
Wood's Division, nig"ht of July 19.
2. Two brigades of Newton's Division,
ti'g'ht of July 19.
3. One brigade of Newton's Division,
night of Julj- 19.
4. Hazen's Brigade of Wood's Divi¬
sion, night of July 19.
5. Stanley's Division, behind breast¬
works, night of July 19.
6. Kirby's Brigade of Stanley's Divi¬
sion, in reserve, night July 20.
7. Taylor's and Grose's Brigades of
Stanley's Division, night of July 20.
8. Knefler's Brigade,Wood's Division,
night of July 20.
9. Gibson's Brigade, Wood's Division,
night of July 20.
10. Hazen's Brigade, Wood's Division,
in reserve, night of July 20.
11. Newton's Division, night of July 20.
12. Stanley's Division, evening of
July 21.
13. Wood's Division, evening of July 21.
Newton's Division, not changed, even¬
ing of July 21.
14. Stanley's Division, evening of
July 22.
15. Wood's Division,evening of July 22.
16. Newton's Division, evening of
July 22.
02
dark the confederate forces, failing to break the fed¬
eral lines, were repulsed and retired in disorder.
The first shell from Sherman's army that reached At¬
lanta, fell at the intersection of East Ellis and Ivy streets,
July 20, killing a little child.
There was little if any fighting on the 21st.
BATTLE OF ATLANTA.
The heavy battle of the 22d of July between Atlanta
and Decatur gained no advantage to the confederates.
Federal Gen. McPherson's division, composed of Logan's
and Blair's corps, occupied the left of the federal army.
Against this division the confederates were heavily massed
by Confederate Gen. Hood. The assault was as des¬
perate as it was sudden and unexpected. The fighting was
most terrific. The confederates made many attacks. At 4
p.m., Gen. Hood made a determined attack on the federal
lines and met with considerable success. Breaking through
the main lines the confederates gained possession of De-
Gress' Battery of 24-pound Parrott guns and killed every
horse that belonged to the battery. They turned the
guns against the enemy,but after long and hard fighting,
General Hood was compelled to retire into Atlanta,
leaving all the guns they had captured. The federal
forces thtis gained possession of the high ground north¬
east of the city, and mounted siege guns so as to com¬
mand the place.
During this battle the esteemed Confederate General
Walker was killed. The Fort at Grant Park bears his
name.
Federal Gen. McPherson, who had gained a position on
Legget's hill was also killed by the sharpshooters.
Saturday, the 23d, there was a truce, each army en¬
gaging in burying its dead. Gen. Hood's losses reported
to be 6,000 in killed and wounded, Gen. Sherman's about
2,500. While the work of burying the dead was going on,
63
Sherman's heavy artillery was playing upon the city, and
at the same time, large fires were being set by Hood s
soldiers to destroy supplies, to keep them from falling in¬
to the hands of the enemy. From the report of Gen. Lo¬
gan to Sherman, the 24th, the following statistics were
taken:
Federal total loss, 3,520.
Confederate dead, thus far reported buried and delivered
to them, 3,220.
Total confederate prisoners taken and sent North,
1,017.
Total prisoners wounded and in our hands, 1,000.
Estimated loss of the confederates, at least 10,000.
BATTLE OF EZEA CHURCH.
On July 28, a most desperate battle was fought at Ezra
church. The fight lasted from 11:30 a. m. till 4 p. m.>
during which time six successive and terrific charges were
made on the fortified position of Federal Gen. Logan.
Federals reported 50 killed, 449 wounded, 73 missing,
total loss 572. Confederates, under Lee and Hardee, re¬
port killed about 700, wounded 2,000.
STORMING OF ATLANTA.
The siege and shelling of Atlanta began immediately
after the battle of the 22d. August 4th was the 15th
day of the shelling of the city, yet on that day, as before
and afterward, the children and women walked about
the streets as though there was no army within a hun¬
dred miles, and nearly two-thirds of the houses were oc¬
cupied. Sherman stubbornly refused to confine his firing
to the troops. The wounded federal soldiers that fell in¬
to the hands of confederates were taken to the Atlanta
Medical College building. On the 5th, Sherman made an
attack on Armstrong's cavalry and Bate's skirmishers on
theextreme left of Hood's position. Armstrong's cavalry
61
were driven across Utoy creek, but in front of Bates the
federal forces were repulsed. On Sunday, the 7th of
August, two other attacks were also repulsed. In At¬
lanta on that day religious services were held in almost
all of the churches. The citizens knew nothing of what
was transpiring beyond the breastworks. It was impos¬
sible for a civilian to obtain trustworthy information.
In front of the present Kimball house—at that time the
Atlanta Hotel—there was a park, the pride of the city.
Gen. Hood sat on his horse near the hotel, surrounded by
his staff, receiving messages every moment from the scene
of action.
Suddenly the park was invaded by the hospital corps.
Long tables were stretched out and the crowd of surgeons
commenced to open their cases of instruments. It was
not long before the ambulance wagons rolled into the
park. The few citizens who were strolling about retired,
and soon the grass was red with the blood of the
wounded and dying.
Large squads of federal prisoners were marched in, and
the citizens thought the confederates had won the great
victory. Under Col. L. F. Grant, of Atlanta, the city was
made the center of almost impregnable forts and breast¬
works. The negroes cut down every shrub and tree with¬
in miles of the city, in order to give the guns full play
and prevent the enemy from stealing unobserved upon
our works. Two roads out of the city remained open.
The firemen who had been exempted from military ser¬
vice, were forced to guard the streets. Boys of sixteen and
old men of seventy, were compelled to go into the army.
The work of robbing the cradle and the grave had be¬
gun. The passport system was another annoyance. Every
male over sixteen had to have a pass from the military
authorities who wanted to walk the streets or leave the
citv. If any one day was worse than the others, it was
the artillery duel or The Red Day in August. It was about
G5
the middle of the month. Everything had been compara¬
tively quiet for a few days, when one fine morning the
large guns belched forth the sullen boom from the federal
battery on the north side of the city. The confederates
had an immense gun on Peach tree street, one so large
that it had taken three days to get it in position. This
monster lost no time in replying to its noisy challenger,
and then the duel opened all along the line. Ten con¬
federate and eleven federal batteries took part in the en¬
gagement. It was on this day that the destruction of life
was greatest among the citizens. The duel was kept up
until the sun had sunk behind the western hills, and
darkness closed over the besieged city. From a military
standpoint, there were no results worthy of mention. The
shelling of Atlanta called forth a vigorous protest from
Gen. Hood. He wrote an imploring letter to Gen. Sherman,
calling his attention to the fact that there were thou¬
sands of women and children and other non-combatants
in the besieged city, and it was cruel in the extreme to
slaughter them with shot and shell. Sherman's reply was
one of the sharpest and most brutal letters in our war
history. He refused to stop, claiming Hood was show¬
ing cowardice in seeking the shelter of a city full of wo¬
men and children and then appealing to the enemy for
mercy, when he knew that Atlanta could not be success¬
fully defended.
On August 31st the federals succeeded in cutting off
from Atlanta all communications from the outside
world, and the bloody battle of Jonesboro was fought,
which was a federal success. On discovering this, the con¬
federates blew up their locomotives and seventy cars of
powder and shells. The Air-line shops were also fired.
The din of the exploding shells, etc., excited the people,
who thought the federals were coming to the city and a
desperate battle was going on in the streets. It took five
hours to blow up the seventy cars.* Houses rocked like
CO
cradles. Thousands flocked to the higher places to view the
terrible scene. Every building for a quarter of a mile was
torn to pieces, or perforated with hundreds of holes from
the shells, and ten thousand helpless people looked upon
each other's faces for some sign of hope, but found none.
In evacuating Atlanta, Hood left the city without police
protection or municipal government, and without laws,
except the mob-like rule of the majority. A body of citi¬
zens, headed by Mayor Calhoun, left the city, rode out
Marietta street, to Sherman's camp, to interview the
general. They informed him of the helpless condition of
the city, and asked for protection, which Sherman granted.
The city was now occupied by the federals. A depot
of supplies was opened up on Whitehall street. The
generals and officers installed themselves in the best
houses. Gen. Sherman established himself in the High
School building, corner Mitchell and Washington streets.
After a few days the people of Atlanta were notified that
they must leave, and either go South or North. Thou¬
sands left everything behind them and went into the con¬
federate lines. Thousands also went North, being fur¬
nished transportation to Nashville and Louisville. Thus
the citizens of Atlanta were driven from their homes into
exile, and the city became the camp for 80,000 federal
soldiers. A new line of fortifications was erected to defend
it from any possible confederate siege. September the
2d, the army entered Atlanta. The day before, the
torch and slow match were applied by Gen. Hood's retir¬
ing forces to the commissary, quartermaster's and ord¬
nance stores, and trains at and near Atlanta, and
Hood's army moved in the direction of McDonough.
Heroic Atlanta was in the hands of the federals after
a siege of thirty-eight days.
G7
EXPOSITION OFFICIALS
THE COTTON STATES AND INTERNA¬
TIONAL EXPOSITION.
N ground broken by the rifle pits, over which
Sherman threw the first shell into Atlanta
thirty-one years ago, the Cotton States
and International Exposition is fast taking-
shape, and by the 18th of September will
have assumed proportions magnificently illustrating the
progress of art and industry in the region bearing its
name. It is by no means a local or provincial affair,
and the term ''Cotton States" would be too narrow a
designation, if not accompanied by the broader word,
"International," which truly describes the character of
the enterprise.
OBJECTS OF THE EXPOSITION.
The fact that the South and its wonderful agricultural
mineral and manufacturing resources were not adequately
represented at the World's Columbian Exposition, led
to the inception of this enterprise, which has the further
object of fostering the trade relations already existing
between the Southern States and the republics of Mexico
and Central and South America ; also the promotion of
commercial intercourse between these states and the
ports of Europe.
THE SITE.
The Exposition site is called Piedmont Park. It is lo¬
cated two miles from the center of the city of Atlanta.
G9
Great inland lakes have been constructed, and, with
few exceptions, the buildings will have water frontage.
On these lakes electric launches and gondolas will ply,
affording an agreeable mode of transit trom one part of
the grounds to another. About $2,000,000 will be ex¬
pended to make the Fair.
THE U. S. GOVERNMENT EXHIBIT.
The Exposition has received the indorsement of the
United States Government, Congress having appro¬
priated $200,000 for a government building and exhibit.
The handsome building was designed by the govern¬
ment architect, with a romanesque motif. The Govern¬
ment Building has a floor area of about 65,000 square
feet. The government exhibit will be arranged by a
commission composed of gentlemen selected from each
department because of their special fitness and their ex¬
perience in exposition work.
THE STATE DEPARTMENT.
The exhibit of the State department will present the
history of the United States and the workings of the
State department. Notable among the former group will
be historical documents, such as the Declaration of Inde¬
pendence in fac-simile, many rare an interesting relics
of Thomas Jefferson, including the desk on which he
wrote the Declaration, papers, notes, etc. Themostcom-
plete set of pictures of the signers of the Declaration will
be shown. Franklin's writings, Peel's portrait of Wash¬
ington, early treaties with foreign powers, treaties for
the purchase of territory, correspondence with the heads
of foreign powers, including letters from Napoleon Bona¬
parte, and many other interesting documents will be dis¬
played ; also later State documents of world-wide fame,
70
such as the Nullification Proclamation, the Emancipation
Proclamation, and the seal of the United States. The inner
workings of the State department will be shown by letters
to diplomatic officers and documents of the consular ser¬
vice. A map will be exhibited, showing the rapid growth
of our official representations in foreign lands.
THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
The exhibit of the Interior department will include the
Patent Office, the Bureau of Education, the Indian Office
and the Geological Survey.The latter exhibit will be very
elaborate, and of a character intended to display as never
before the wonderful geological wealth of the Piedmont
region and the whole South. Elaborate exhibits will
also be brought from all over the United States, and the
exhibit from the Yellowstone National Park will be
singularly beautiful. The Indian Office display will show
the progress of Indian education at national schools, and
the Patent Office exhibit will be a comprehensive display
of mechanical models, particularly those relative to the
cotton manufacturing industry. A new feature, never
heretofore displayed in exhibits from this department,
will be illustrations of chemical manufacture, glass, pot¬
tery, etc.
EXHIBIT OF THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION.
The exhibit of the Fish Commisson will be one of the
most complete and interesting features in the Govern¬
ment Building. Its tanks will occupy upwards of 8,000
square feet. The aquarium will be arranged in a grotto,
with the aisle lighted from the water, producing a peculi¬
arly beautiful effect. The sea water will be brought from
the ocean and deposited in an immense tank, from which
the salt water aquariums will be supplied. All kinds of
rare and beautiful fishes from American waters will be
shown, and special attention will be paid to the food and
71
MAIV ENTRANCE AND ADMINISTRATION BUILDING.
game fish of the fresh and salt waters of the South. The
wealth of beautiful and curiously shaped fishes is so great
that their names would fill a column.
THE FORESTRY EXHIBIT.
The Forestry Exhibit to be presented will be the most
complete and comprehensive exhibition of the flora of
the South ever collected. The Chief of the National
Bureau of Forestry will have charge of this exhibit, which
will cover 3,000 square feet in the center of the Forestry
Building. This exhibit will be one of the most instructive
lessons of the Exposition. All kinds of economically impor¬
tant trees and plants will be shown and methods of forest
cultivation and preservation will be practically illustrated.
The different results obtained by good and bad forestry
will be illustrated by models, and one of the most instruct¬
ive exhibits will be a set of three models, representing a
160-acrefarminthe hill lands of the South. The first will
show how, by bad forest management, the farm has be¬
come gullied and silted over; the next will show how, with
bush dams, terracing, sodding, etc., it may be recovered;
and the third will show the farm restored by proper
forestry to good condition. It will be an object lesson of
untold value.
The forest resources of the South will be further shown
by sections of wood, with botanical specimens and de¬
scriptive labels of morethanl80 different kinds of South¬
ern trees. The lumber interests of the South will be
fully shown, and many illustrations will illustrate valu¬
able trees which may be profitably introduced. Alto¬
gether the forestry display will be one of the most inter¬
esting of the government exhibits.
The Bureau will also exhibit its work in the line of the
introduction of useful trees to suitable localities; the sys¬
tem of orchard protection by planting surrounding
forest and hedges ; the method of stopping the inroads of
73
sand along the coast by the planting of grasses and trees ;
and the replacing of forests that have been destroyed
by ignorant and unskilled forestry. The windows of the
exhibit will be utilized by substituting, for bare glass,
transparencies, showing a series of views of the most im¬
portant timber trees, surrounded by transparencies of the
leading sawmill establishments of the South. The usual
complement of exhaustive maps, statistical tables, and
so on, will be shown.
U. S. NAVY DEPARTMENT.
Large models of many of the ships of our navy from
the beginning of the century to the present time will be
exhibited, together with some models of ships of an earlier
period. These will enable the spectator to see the
changes in the designs and arrangements of men-of war
from the time of the Spanish Armada to those of Trafal¬
gar, from Trafalgar to our war of 1812, hence to the
wooden steam frigates that bombarded Sebastopol, the
monitor of our late war, until at last we reach the huge
ironclad monsters of the present day. A torpedo boat
belonging to the armored cruiser "Maine" will also be ex¬
hibited. Half models, plans and drawings will present a
complete knowledge of the present state of naval construc¬
tion. A six-inch modern high-power gun will be shown,
together with machine guns, rapid-fire guns, everything,
intact, which goes to make up the armament of a modern
war vessel will be exhibited, together with a complete col¬
lection of the projectiles used. On the dome of the Govern¬
ment Building will be placed one of the powerful search
lights of a battle ship, which will be used each night to
assist in the illumination of the grounds.
THE WAR DEPARTMENT.
The exhibit of the War Department will be one of great
historic interest. In addition to a full exhibition of all
modern war equipments there will be exhibitions of arms
74
and accoutrements used by the United States armies from
the beginning of its history. The exhibit will be very full
m every detail, including small arms, cannon, rapid-fire
guns, the equipment of the commissary and ambulance
corps, signal service corps, ordnance department, and all
the other branches of the service. Many historic relics will
be exhibited, and the present equipment of the army will
be fully exhibited in all its latest details.
STATE EXHIBITS.
The State exhibits will constitute one of the most im¬
portant and interesting features of the great Fair. Promi¬
nent among these will be the Georgia exhibit, installed in a
handsome building near the 14th Street entrance. Nearby
will be another of Florida, covering a large space. The
Florida exhibit, besides embracing displays of all the pro¬
ducts of the State in detail, will be notable for unique
exhibits of the great railroad systems penetrating the
peninsula. The Plant system, for example, will erect a
pyramid 100 feet square at the base and 50 feet high.
The Flagler system will be handsomely represented by
a special exhibit, as will also the Louisville & Nashville.
South Carolina will furnish one of the best and most at¬
tractive of the State exhibits. This will not be done with
State funds, but very efficiently by private means. The
Commercial Club of Charleston began the movement,
and the governor has co-operated by appointing commis¬
sioners in every county.
A similar movement is in progress in Alabama, and
funds are being raised in all of the best counties for ex¬
position purposes. A State exhibit will be made, and the
massive deposits of iron, coal and other varied minerals,
together with the vast forest wealth and the great agri¬
cultural resources of Alabama, will fully appear.
North Carolina has practically intact the material of
her exhibit at the World's Fair, packed in handsome oak
75
GOVERNMENT BUILDING.
cases, which have thoroughly protected the specimens.
By adding new samples of agricultural and other products
of a perishable nature, this exhibit can be perfected and
transferred to Atlanta with very small cost, and this will
doubtless be done.
North Carolina can make a fishery exhibit only second
in importance to that of the United States Government.
The importance of this resource may be imagined from the
fact that the largest seine in the world is operated on the
North Carolina coast. It is two miles long. The ends are
towed out into the bay on steam flats, and hauled back in
the same manner, bringing in at a single haul thousands
or even millions of fish.
The legislature of Louisiana at its session last summer
adopted a jont resolution, instructing executive officers
to make, at this Exposition, an elaborate exhibit of the
products and resources of the State, and it goes without
saying that a very handsome displa}' will be brought here.
Movements for exhibits have been made in Illinois, Ten¬
nessee, Pennsylvania, New Mexico and Massachusetts,
and these States will probably be represented.
The Commissioner of Mines, Manufactures and Agri¬
culture for Arkansas has applied for large space in which
to make a liberal exhibit of that State, and writes the Ex¬
position mi nagement that the Arkansas display will
compare well with those of other States.
The movement for an exhibit from California was be¬
gun some time ago, and the Chambers of Commerce and
Boards of Trade of the different cities have arranged to
supply the material. A company has been formed which
will install exhibits in a building of the old Mission type
of architecture. It is expected that this will be one of the
handsomest buildings on the grounds.
FOREIGN EXHIBITS.
Through the State Department of the United States, in¬
vitations were sent to all foreign countries of importance,
77
and a large number have accepted. Liberal space has been
allotted toforeign countries—England, Belgium, Germany,
Austria, Hungary, Italy and France—and advices indicate
that it will be filled with exhibits of a high character. The
United States consular officers at various points on the
continent and in Enlgand report much interest among
manufacturers, and this is especially true in textile indus¬
tries of cotton, silk and wool, and those producing textile
machinery. There is also large interest in ceramics, cut¬
lery and other industries, the products of which are
largely exported.
MEXICO.
President Diaz has announced his intention to make an
exhibit of the resources of Mexico at this Exposition, and
those who saw the display made by that country at the
World's Fair will understand the character of representa¬
tion which is likely to be made at Atlanta. The Mexican
village will be one of the most picturesque features of the
Fair.
VENEZUELA.
Venezuela has through its Minister of Foreign Affairs,
accepted the invitation of the Exposition Company, and
proposes to make an exhibit in keeping with the impor¬
tance of the Republic.
THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
A cablegram from Buenos Ayres announced to our Ex¬
position officials that the Argentine Congress had appro¬
priated $25,000 in gold to make an exhibit at the Cotton
States and Iternational Exposition.
PARAGUAY.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs for Paraguay has
stated that the Republic will be represented.
GUATEMALA.
A picturesque exhibit will be the Gua temalan village, with
bamboo huts, Guatemala and Carib Indians, nut carvers,
78
making exquisite carvings on the ivory-like surface of the
Guatemala nut, the musical stones used like the xylo¬
phone, and other interesting features.
CHILI.
Early in February the Chilian Congress appropriated
$10,000 for an exhibit, and preparations for it are un¬
der way.
HONDURAS.
The official acceptance of Honduras has been received,
and information from the Exposition commissioner in
that country is to the effect that the exhibit will be in¬
stalled in a mahogany house.
NICARAGUA.
Some months ago the government of Nicaragua for¬
mally accepted the invitation to take part in the Exposi¬
tion.
THE EXPOSITION BUILDINGS.
Besides the United States Government Building, there
are twelve principal structures. The following is the list:
Manufactures and Liberal Arts, Fine Arts, Agriculture,
Auditorium, Administration, Fire, Machinery, Minerals
and Forestry, Negro, Transportation, Electricity and Wo¬
man's. The leading idea is Eomanesque, and the build¬
ings are designed with an idea of stability and simplicity
in construction, and architectural effects will be produced
by outline and proportion rather than by detail and taw¬
dry ornamentation. Mr. Bradford L. Gilbert of New
York, the supervising architect, is the designer of ten
buildings; Mr. Walter T. Downing of Atlanta furnished
the design for the Fine Arts Building; and Miss Elise
Mercur, of Pittsburg, the design for the Woman's
Building.
THE ADMINISTRATION BUILDING.
The design for the Administration Building is a com¬
posite of the old baronial castles, those strongholds of
79
WOMEN'S BUILDING.
our ancestors inthefeudal ages. The principal entrance is
reached under the portcullis, and guarded, as in the days
of the warlike barons, by the iron teeth of the huge iron-
spiked gateway. The main tower will recall the Rhein-
stein, that old Prussian stronghold on the borders of the
Rhine. The entrance archway, frowning down with its
deeply embedded windows and loop-holes, is entered by a
circular doorway, hewn from rough stones thrown to¬
gether, a model of the old door of the bloody tower, a
part of the famous Tower of London. Those who have
wandered on the banks of the Avon will recognize the
corner representing "Warwick castle, that magnificent
specimen of ancient feudalism.
The architect has taken the design from this old door
and one can almost imagine himself standing on the
cold stones, with the spray of the Thames dashing in his
face. What floods of memory rush over him. A long
line of kings, queens, statesmen and bishops—innocent and
guilty—moves before him.
Leaving England, we pass onto old Ireland, ever echoing
with a merry laugh. Here we are at Blarney castle, built
by the McCarthys, descendants of the kings of Munster
in the fifteenth century.
AUDITORIUM BUILDING.
The Auditorum Building will occupy one of the loftiest
points on the grounds, and will have a seating capacity
of over three thousand. Its acoustic properties will be
scientifically accurate, and the building will be large, com¬
modious, and airy. The music dais will stand at the east
end of the building, and along the sides cafes will open
into the main hall, arranged so that persons seated at the
tables will have a full view of the music dais, and can hear
everything that is going on. Beneath the building will be
located the police headquarters, cells, and so on. Thebuild-
81
ing will be covered with stained shingles, in harmony with
the other building, and in exterior will be highly orna¬
mental, with bas-relief design.
THE WOMAN'S BUILDING.
The Woman's Building, designed by a woman, will be
one of the most beautiful features. It will be of classic
design, in perfect har
structures. Thebuild-
for the display of
man, including a ,
written by wo-
cal composi-
azines, and
inventions by
artistic
mony with the larger
ing will be arranged
the work of wo-
library for books
men, their musi-
|| tions and mag-
patents and
women. The
work o f
paintings
ings, wa-
architect-
w oman, f*
in oil, etch-
mr :,J
ter colors,"
ural de- " %vsigns
sculpture, and < modeling in
clay are espe- 'wi'l j " cially invited.
Space will be pro- ^ vided for educa¬
tional exhibits, including technical instruction as con¬
nected with the industrial arts, designs for book covers,
wood carving, burnt wood for furniture decora¬
tion, and artistic design for tile making. Embroidery and
plain and fancy sewing are invited, also ceramic and
china painting. The cooking school and kindergarten
exhibit will be a notable feature.
The Woman's Board, organized under the auspices of the
Exposition Company by the leading women of the South,
will be charged with the collection and proper displav of
the woman's exhibit. Mrs. Joseph Thompson of Atlanta,
is the president.
82
FINE ARTS.
The Art Palace will be located on the summit of a hill
between the Maufactures Building and the United States
Government Building'. It will have a frontage of 245 feet,
with a depth of 100 feet. The center part of the front
tacade will be 50 feet high, and the two side wings 26
feet high.
The exterior has been designed after the Italian Renais¬
sance. The central facade, with its long fluted columns
and capitals, recalls the stately old southern mansions of
former days, andtliewhole effect will be extremely stately
and beautiful.
FIRE APPARATUS.
Plans have been adopted for a building to accommodate
the Fire department. This will be a handsome structure,
thoroughly supplied with the best apparatus that has
been devised up to date. For fire protection the Game-
well fire alarm of the most improved type will be in¬
stalled, and to make it more thoroughly efficient, an auxili¬
ary alarm S3'stem, covering every part of each building, will
be added. Alarm boxes will be stationed near each exhibit
and will register the exact locality at headquarters, so that
the firemen may reach the point by the nearest route, and
in the shortest possible time. Hundreds of fire extinguish¬
ers will be scattered through the buildings, and in addi¬
tion a number of two-wheeled trucks will be placed in the
buildings to do quick work before the heavier apparatus
can arrive.
The exhibit of fire apparatus will have ample space in
this building, and the chief of the department has already
secured creditable exhibits covering about 20,000 square
feet.
The Police department will be thoroughly equipped and
manned with the best material. It will be organized by the
Chief of the Atlanta Police, under the direction of the
Chairman of the Police Commission.
83
FINE ARTS BUILDING.
MUSICAL FEATURES.
The finest orchestras of America have already been en¬
gaged for the Exposition. It is the policy of this depart¬
ment to secure in succession a number of the most cele¬
brated musical organizations. Gilmore's, Sousa's and
Innes' Bands have been engaged. A succession of attract¬
ive musical programs is in preparation, and some
magnificent spectacular accompaniments will be pro¬
duced.
Under this head will come the chime of bells—the largest
ever erected in America. A tower 110 feet high will be
erected on the highest point of the grounds, near the
Government Building and the Art Palace, for the accom¬
modation of the largest chime of bells ever exhibited in
America.
A full chime of thirteen bells will be placed on the top
of this tower, and their sweet melody will be heard echo¬
ing through the hills for miles around.
AMUSEMENT FEATURES.
The Terraces, between Piedmont Avenue and Jackson
Street, will be devoted to amusement features. Imagine
a street curving along the slope with a continuous suc¬
cession of picturesque structures, the adobe houses and
bamboo huts of the Mexican and Guatemalan villages and
the wigwams of the Indians in striking contrast with
the antique designs qf the Oriental villf>~ the quaint
or curious architecture df the Japanese, the Eskimo, the
German and Chinese villages. Prominent among the other
structures will be Hagenbeck's arena of trained wild ani¬
mals and his monkey house, with 740 of these queer ani¬
mals, representing specimens of almost every known varie¬
ty. The Vaudeville theatre, the Palace of Illusion, the
Mystic Maze, and the Scenic Railway will afford infinite
amusement, and as a sort of climax Buffalo Bill's Wild
West Show at the end of the street will be the resort of
85
thousand of pleasure seekers. The village will be
among the best features, and will be occupied by real
people of the countries typified. In the Mexican village
some interesting archaeological remains from the ruins of
Palenque will be exhibited, and the Oriental collection is
expected to be the best yet produced.
TRANSPORTATION.
The Department of Transportation has been organized
with a veteran railroad manager at its head and arrange¬
ments have been practically completed with the transpor¬
tation lines of the United States, Canada, and Mexico to
bring exhibits and visitors to Atlanta at low rates. Ex¬
hibits which pay full freight coming and remain unsold
will be returned free of charge. Throughout a large part
of the United States a passenger rate of one cent per mile
each way will be put on, and it is probable that from the
most distant points the route will not exceed one fare for
the round trip.
Liberal concessions have been made by the ocean
steamship companies, embracing a number of the trans-
Atlantic lines ptying between New York, Baltimore and
the ports of England and the continent of Europe. The
Pacific Mail Steamship Company has agreed to transport
free of charge all exhibits from points in South and Cen¬
tral America reached by its lines, and will make liberal re¬
ductions in fares to government officials or other visitors
from those countries.
CUSTOM ARRANGEMENTS.
By act of Congress foreign exhibits will be admitted to
this country free of duty, and the Exposition grounds and
buildings will constitute a bonded warehouse for such
goods. In case exhibits or duplicates of exhibits of im¬
ported goods are sold, customs officers with offices on the
86
grounds will be on hand to collect the duty and release the
goods without delay. Foreign exhibits unsold will re¬
turn in bond, free of duty.
The leading transportation lines are bonded from the
principal ports to Atlanta, so that exhibits coming from
abroad will come in bond to Atlanta, be installed, and
remain in bond until they have been returned to the port
by which they entered. The Southern Railway is bonded
from Atlanta to New York and Brunswick; the Seaboard
Air Line from Atlanta to Portsmouth and Baltimore; and
the Central and South Carolina railroads in connection
are bonded from Atlanta to Charleston and Savannah.
The Southern Pacific lines are bonded from San Francisco
to Atlanta, and other lines from New Orleans to
Atlanta.
EXHIBIT AGENCY.
For the benefit of exhibitors in countries which appoint
no commissioners, an exhibit agency under the auspices of
the Exposition management will be operated in Atlanta.
This agency will receive, care for, install, and return ex¬
hibits at reasonable rates. The director-general will ad¬
just all claims for overcharge. Exhibitors in Europe will
receive prompt information on application to Chevalier A.
Macchi, 27 Parkville Road, Fulham, London, S. W. Eng¬
land, who has been appinted Commissioner General for
Europe. Information as to routes by rail and water, rates
of freight, and concessions made by trasportation com¬
panies will be in the hands of American consuls in the com¬
mercial centers of the world.
Application for information should be addressed to
Charles A. Collier, President and Director General, Cot¬
ton States and International Exposition, Atlanta, Ga.
87
V* i ■ Jjlffi , " hr~
aE-j<*lV.(v t
l^iiiitiigli
rjfe <<yi~ "'<r~' i ■; r> ~c-•'; — -i ~ C'yi
• w T'^1_i§-'j|j||> ? ••? -
i ;• ' ••£?;.'
JL, sz$/3£>*zr. *xc*r<
1 ' ■• '1 S» V<?T«;-V *V 'I'- ••*;*,•,' ! - ■
iWS^3*3? *7 ¥'v--
Kjlii jRvir. tf\fir i. f J), ,j
FTP If* ].Si4-*"W H i: « s k
;p *"feir
MINERALS AND FORESTRY BUILDING.
VARIED INDUSTRIES.
$ TLANTA is particularly rioted for its variety
of manufactures. Its diversity of interests
is unequaled by any city of its size in the
United States. No city in the Union has been
the home of so many successful patent
medicines. The following are a few of the representa¬
tive industries in our wonderful city.
' ACID PHOSPHATE MANUFACTURERS.
G. W. Scott Manufacturing Company, Alabama Street,
cor. Broad.
ACIDS AND CHEMICALS.
O.A.Smith Chemical Works, Manufacturer of Acids and
Chemicals,Distiller of Coal Tar, N. Forsyth St., cor. Walton.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
Southern Agricultural Works, 458 Marietta Street.
Van Winkle Gin and Machine Co., Marietta Street,
cor. Belt road.
Winship Machine Company, Foundry Street, corner W.
& A. R. R., one block from Marietta.
ARCHITECTURAL TERRA COTTA WORKS.
Atlanta Terra Cotta Works, 8 North Forsyth Street.
Southern Terra Cotta Works, 304 Chapel Street.
ART GLASS.
Empire Glass & Decoration Co., 121-123 Marietta.
Gate City Art Glass Works, 129 Marietta Street.
ASSAYERS.
N. P. Pratt Laboratory, 4th floor Fitten Building.
BADGES AND MEDALS.
Atlanta Rubber Stamp & Stencil Works, 31 South Broad.
BANKS.
The Atlanta National
Bank'—James Swann,
President; P. Roma re,
Vice-President; C. E.
Currier, Cashier. Or¬
ganized September 3,
1865. Does a general
banking business. The
directors are: James
Swann, Paul Romare,
A. E. Thornton, S. M.
Inman,Frank E.Block,
C. E. Currier, W. D.
Grant.
Few institutions
have ever equaled its
career of success.
None have excelled it.
The Atlanta National
stands absolutely dis-
tinctive in the whole
line of bank successes in the South. In periods of de¬
pression it has weathered every blast of financial dis¬
aster, like a mammoth oak in a storm-swept forest.
Statement of condition of The Atlanta National Bank,
April 18, 1895:
LIABILITIES.
Capital stock $150,000.00
Circulating notes 135,000.00
Surplus fund 50,000.00
Profit and loss 293,090.50
Individual deposits.. 1,(532,417.55
Bank deposits 89,906.80
RESOURCES.
Loans and discounts, $1,050,197.80
Cash on hand.
U.S.bonds
Other bonds and sto'ks
Banking house and
real estate
Five per cent, redemp¬
tion fund
Balances due from
other banks 519,031.00
Total $2,350,474.85
307,755.45
225,000.00
149,522.60
91,415.00
7,550.00
Total $2,350,474.85
The Lowry Banking Company—The city of Atlanta has
every reason to be proud of its banking institutions. One
of the oldest and strongest banks in the city is The Lowrv
Banking Company, successor to the old and well-known
banking house of W. M. & R. J. Lowry, established in
1861. The Lowry Banking Company was incorporated
in 1888, with a capital of $300,000, afterwards in¬
creased to $350,000, and during the seven years of its
existence has paid out in dividends $174,000, besides
accumulating surplus and undivided profits to the amount
of $140,000. This bank does a general banking business,
draws bills of exchange direct on all the principal cities
ot Europe, and furnishes letters of credit available in all
parts of the world.
Their banking rooms in the Equitable Building are spa¬
cious and handsomely equipped. Their officers and direct¬
ors are well-known business men of ability and experience.
91
AGRICULTURAL BUILDING.
Robert J. Lowry, President; Thomas D. Meador, Vice-
President; Joseph T. Orme, Cashier. Directors: S. M. In-
man, J. H. Porter, Joel Hurt, T. D. Meador, Robert J.
Lowry, St. Julien Ravenel, and Joseph T. Orme.
The State Savings Bank.—William C. Hale, President;
D. H. Livermore, Vice-President; J. C. Dayton, Cashier.
Corner of Peachtree and Marietta. Makes a specialty of
savings accounts, on the plan followed by the savings
institutions of the North. On such deposits they pay in¬
terest at the rate of five per cent, per annum. The ac¬
counts are kept separate from their commercial business,
subject to check, thus placing within the reach of all a
convenient means of saving. It is not what you earn
but what you save that makes you rich.
BOILER MAKERS.
Atlanta Machine Works, Ga. R. R.,corner King St.
H. B. Campbell, 14 E. Mitchell Street.
BOTTLERS.
Atlanta Brewing & Ice Co., cor. Harris and Courtland.
BRICK.
Chattahoochee Brick Co., 25 S. Broad, Railroad Builders
and Manufacturers of Chattahoochee River Brick, Plain,
Ornamental and Oil-pressed. J. W. English, President.
Collins Brick Co., 401 Equitable Building.
BOARD.
The Glenmore.—Elegant board, large well-furnished and
airy rooms with home comforts can be had at reasona¬
ble rates at 42 and 44 Walton St., Mrs. McCranev, Prop.
* BOOKSELLER AND STATIONERY.
Mr. John M. Miller, 39 Marietta Street, Atlanta, Ga.,
Bookseller, Stationer and General Newsdealer.
As a newsdealer, Mr. Miller probably stands in the front
rank, as his mammoth store is conceded to be the largest
and best equipped retail business of the kind in the South-
93
ern States. Mr. Miller does not confine himself to the
news business alone, but carries a large and well selected
line of office stationery of every description, together with
school books and school supplies; also miscellaneous
books of every variety.
He is a native of South Carolina, and established
his business nearly fourteen years ago, at his present
stand.
BROKERS.
Loan Brokers.—Among the most reliable firms of private
bankers and loan brokers is Weyman & Connors, 825
Equitable Building. With ample and ready capital they
are in a position to make a specialty of mortgage loans
on improved business and residence property inside the city
limits of Atlanta. This firm is doing a leading business in
this line. Loans from three to five years at 6, 7 and 8 per
cent., according to the location of the security. Large
loans on central business property receive special and
prompt attention. Owing to their ready means and con¬
nection with large eastern capitalists, they are able to close
all good loans without delay. Money obtained from
them has greatly contributed to the city's welfare, as the
owners of property have been enabled to make valuable
improvements which otherwise would have been impossi¬
ble. Thus Weyman & Connors have proven their value in
the past. They have in many ways been instrumental in
building up and advancing the best interests of Atlanta.
We predict for them a successful future. And those
who meet them in a business way we feel assured will
receive the best of treatment and fair dealing. v
Investment Brokers.—It is with pleasure we note the
recent venture in business of Messrs. Harralson & Tan¬
ner. Philip H. & H. L. Harralson were for a number of
years the senior members of the wholesale tobacco house
of Harralson Bros. & Co. They are known throughout
94
the South for their integrity and superior business ability.
These gentlemen are closely identified with some of the
most prominent business interests in the city. Mr. Tan¬
ner was one of the leading lawyers in Alabama. The
firm is composed of men of means and business capacity.
They are engaged in southern enterprises and investments.
They make a specialty of count5T, municipal and railroad
bonds and securities. Any business placed with them is
sure to receive prompt and careful attention. Address
Norcross Building, Rooms 201 to 204, Atlanta, Ga.
Reference: Any bank in the city.
Ticket Brokers.—Severance & Weinfeld, No. 19 North
Pryor Street, opposite the Kimball House, half a block
from the Union Depot. The only members of the Guaran¬
tee Ticket Brokers Association in Atlanta. Tickets sold
at reduced rates to all points, sleeping car berths secured,
baggage looked after and general information freely
given. They buy, sell or exchange tickets and save you
money. Call on them before buying; it will be to your
interest.
Branch offices under the name of above firm. All trans¬
actions guaranteed.
BRIC-A-BRAC AND CURIOS.
A. K. Ackerman, L. W. Landershine, Ackerman &
Co., Brokers, Commission and Storage, also proprietors
Atlanta's "Old Curiosity Shop," 78 North Broad Street,
Atlanta, Ga. P. O. Box 78. 'Phone 690.
They are doing the only first-class, high-grade business
in this line in Atlanta. They find buyers for all sorts of ef¬
fects that have value. They can supply you at almost any
time with anything that you might require, in your
home, in your office, iti your store. We sell furniture of
all kinds, curios, bric-a-brac, pictures, books, crockery,
office furniture, printing presses, bicycles, type-writers, etc.
In their store you will find "massed together" items
that will be interesting, and whether you are buyers or
95
pleasure seekers, you are welcome. They will endeavor to
interest you and furnish you with pleasure for an hour or so.
If you have anything to sell that has value, they can find
a buyer. If you want anything that they haven't, they
can get it on short notice. They will be pleased to do
business writh you or for you.
Their goods are sold for about one third the manufac¬
turers' cost.
BROOM MANUFACTURERS.
Cashman Manufacturing Co., 153 W. Harris Street.
J. A. Perkins, manager, rear of 45 E. Hunter.
CANDY MANUFACTURERS.
Frank E. Block & Co., 35-39 E. Alabama Street.
Henochsberg & Stuchlik, 19-21 Peters Street.
CHEMICALS.
Atlanta Guano Co., 22-24 Gate City Bank Building,
Jno. M. Green, President.
CHURCH ANNOUNCEMENT.
Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, South, corner of
Whitehall and Trinity. Largest audience room in the city ;
inclined floor; beautiful interior.
Sunday-school at 9:30 A.M. Preaching at 11:00 A.
M. and 8:00 P. M. Epworth League, Tuesday evening.
Prayer-meeting, Wednesday evening. Class-meeting, Fri¬
day evening.
R. J. Bigham, Pastor; W. A. Hemphill, Sunday-school
Superintendent; W. R. Hammond, Chairman Board of
Stewards.
Visitors to Exposition cordially invited to all services.
CIGAR MANUFACTURERS.
Baldwin Cigar Manufacturing Co., 25 E. Hunter St.
Blakeman Bros., 42 South Pryor Street.
Retail Dealers—Severance & Weinfeld, 19 N. Pryor St.
ELECTRICITY BUILDING.
COAL AND LUMBER.
J. C. Wilson Coal & Lumber Co.—Main office, 61 Inman
Building, Atlanta, Ga. 'Phone 1430. This company does a
strictly wholesalecoal, lumber and lime business, selling to
dealers and manufacturers only. Thev do an extensive
shipping trade both in coal and lumber, their coal coming
from Tennessee, Kentucky and Alabama, all of the best
grades for both domestic and manufacturing purposes.
Their lumber and shingles are of the best yellow pine
from South Georgia. Mr. J. C. Wilson, the business
manager, established this business in 1875. Starting in
the retail business, he worked this 14 }rears. The busi¬
ness grew so extensive he decided to go strictly into the
wholesale business in 1889 and has since done an exten¬
sive business in this line. Mr. Wilson is thoroughly
posted in his line of business, he knows the wants of the
trade and has ample facilities for a large business. They
handle coal, lumber, laths, shingles and lime by car loads
only and are receiving shipments daily, which enable them
to fill all orders promptly at manufacturers' and mine
prices. If you are in need of anything in their line, you
will do well to call or write them for prices.
COTTON MILLS.
Atlanta Cotton Mills 54 Magnolia Street.
Exposition Cotton Mills,Marietta street,beyond limits.
FnltonBag and Cotton Mills, Ga. R. R., cor. Boulevard.
COTTON SEED OIL MANUFACTURERS.
Gate City Oil Co., 36 Gould Building.
Georgia Cotton Oil Co, 32^2 W. Alabama Street.
Southern Cotton Oil Co., 23 W. Alabama Street.
CRACKER MANUFACTURER.
T. S. Lewis, 55-57 E. Mitchell Street.
09
B 0 0 H 0
1 D B 0 E
> >£. - '^kt r
V. ■• -*•*? v.- ',
THE DIXON SANITARY CREMATORY, ATLANTA, GA.
This Dhotoeratlll was tal-pn Anonct IT li.111 « «■ 1■ --
CREMATORY COMPANY.
The Dixon Sanitary Crematory Co.—Home office, Find-
lay, Ohio. P. B. Morrison, President; J. S. Patterson,
Treasurer; C. A. Stockton, Secretary; Hon. D. Joy, Sales¬
man. Southern Department, Atlanta, Georgia, includes
Georgia, North Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, Texas,
Tennessee, South Carolina, Alabama, Missouri, Louisiana,
New York City and Cleveland, Ohio.
To the Honorable Board of Health, Atlanta, Ga., James F. Alexander,
M. D., President:
The Dixon Crematory was put in operation June 25th, and has
burned the following loads of garbage, night soil, dead animals, etc.:
No. of cart loads of garbage. 5,248 No. of horses cremated 114
No. of wagon loads of gar'ge. .655 No. of cows cremated 60
No. of cart loads of fish 48 No. of sheep, goats and hogs. .43
No. of wagon loads of fish 1 No. of dogs cremated 1,037
No. of wagon loads of night soil, 10 bbls. each, 1,660 16,600 bbls.
This furnace has proven very satisfactory and emits no offensive
odors. I think it could be operated in the city without being detri¬
mental or deleterious to the neighborhood in which it is located.
Respectfully submitted, Thos. E. Veal, Chief Inspector.
The above official report was unanimously adopted by
the Board o Health, January 12, 1895, and made a
part of the annual report to the Mayor and Common
Council of Atlanta. The furnaces were fired six days each
week and 12 hours a day; there being no time lost for
repairs.
Monday, April 1, 1895, Atlanta Council set apart funds
to purchase two more crematories, after nearly a year's
constant test by the city.
Correspondence solicited and information furnished by
H. A. Andrews, Manager Southern Department, 62 N.
Forsyth St., Atlanta, Ga. Home office, Findlay, Ohio.
101
THE SOUTHERN MEDICAL COLLEGE.
DENTIST.
Dr. A. A. Patterson, 206 Norcross Building, corner
Peachtree and Marietta.
DRESSMAKER.
Mrs. C. H. Robinson, 66V2 Whitehall Street. Ten years
in business.
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS.
The Atlanta Medical College.—This school, established
before the war, has just closed the most successful ses¬
sion in its history. Students from twenty-two states
and provinces were in attendance, and of ihe large num¬
ber 135 were granted the degree of Doctor of Medicine.
Of this number, about seventy from Georgia appeared
and passed a satisfactory examination before the State
Board of Examiners, and were licensed to practice medi¬
cine in this State. This is by far the largest and most
successful school in this section of the South. The faculty
is composed of Drs. W. A. Love, A. W. Calhoun, H. V. M.
Miller, W. S. Armstrong, J. S. Todd, V. O. Hardon, Louis
H. Jones, W. F. Westmoreland, and W. S. Kennrick.
For further particulars write W. S. Kendrick, M. D.,
Atlanta, Ga.
The Southern Medical College is prominent among the
educational institutions of Atlanta. This school was
founded in 1879 by Dr. Thomas S. Powell with the in¬
tention of establishing a higher grade of medical educa¬
tion, and by the earnest labors of an able faculty this end
has been accomplished. Perhaps no school in the South
has established a reputation for its diplomas more envia¬
ble than this institution, whose graduation carries with it
distinctive merit. Requiring an attendance upon lectures
during three terms, each of seven months, in three sepa-
103
rate years, and equipped with all that goes to make a
thorough course of instruction, it is not to be wondered
at that its seats are occupied by students from all over
the country, and that wherever known, its character for
thoroughness is well-established. The climate of Atlanta,
as a single factor, draws many students, who can secure
the same facilities for learning as in the large institu¬
tions of the North and East, and at the same time escape
the rigorous winter season of the Northern States. Among
the manV lines along which advancement is taking place
in this section, it is pleasing to know that this school has
taken the lead in the matter of keeping the standard of
medical training up to date.
School of Languages.—Professor and Senora Fourcaut
have established an excellent school of languages at 125
Spring street. Here French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian
and German are taught in classes or private lessons at
very reasonable cost. Instructions at home if desired.
Professor Fourcaut is the translator of languages for
the Cotton States and International Exposition officials.
He is a native of France and has been in this country but
a few years. His wife, La Senora, is a native of Spain and
teaches both Mexican and the purest Castilian.
10 4
Capital Female College, 47-51 Houston Street. Char¬
tered institution for girls and young women. Capacity:
Day pupils, 150; boarding department rigidly select and
limited to 50 students.
The buildings are commodious and new ; equipment also
new and complete; faculty of twenty teachers. The clas¬
sic standards of this institution are acknowledged, the
excellence of its courses in mathematics, sciences and
English beyond questioning, while it also offers unsur¬
passed advantages in music, art and modern languages.
For catalogue and particulars, address Miss Leonora
Beck, President.
105
AUDITORIUM.
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER.
G. H. Wade, Electrical Engineer and Contractor, dealer
in electrical supplies of all kinds, dynamos, motors, fans,
wire, annunciators, bells, watchman's clocks, electric gas
lighting, speaking tubes, etc. Storage batteries for light¬
ing and power purposes rented or sold, as desired. The
repairing of medical and dental appliances given particu¬
lar attention. Prompt attention given repair work; mo¬
tor repairs a specialty. Telephones sold outright. Offices,
708 and 709 Gould Building. P. O. Box 289. Telephone
1942.
FERTILIZERS.
Kennesaw Guano Co., 19% South Broad Street.
Geo. W. Scott Manufacturing Co., 12 W. Alabama St,
FLOUR.
Chas. S. Lincoln, Mill Agent, Wholesale Flour, 38%
Marietta Street.
FURNITURE MANUFACTURERS.
R. S. Crutcher & Co., one of Atlanta's largest and most
progressive firms was established in 1892 as the "Cut-
Price Furniture House," and have rapidly forced their
way to the front until they have built up a retail and
wholesale business that extends over Georgia, North and
South Carolina, Florida and Alabama.
Their store at 53 Peachtree and 58 North Pryor Street,
is 230 feet long and has three floors, and about fifteen
thousand feet of floor space. The entire building is
packed with high-grade and artistic furniture, carpets,
mattings, rugs, window shades, draperies and baby car¬
riages; in fact, every thing you need to furnish a home and
make it attractive and comfortable, can be found at this
mammoth establishment. They also have a branch store
at 87 and 89 Peachtree, under the management of Mr.T.
J Fambro, the junior member Jof the firm. This house
107
also carries a large stock and does a thriving business. Mr.
R. S. Crutcher, the senior member of both firms, is a na¬
tive of Middle Tennessee, but has resided in Georgia six¬
teen years. He first embarked in the furniture business
at Forsyth, Ga. Since then he has had stores at Barnes-
ville, Augusta, Rome and Cartersville. In all of these
places he made many friends by his enterprise and upright
dealing. Many of his old customers now send him mail
orders, with instructions to send them best value for
amount sent, leaving the selection entirely to him.
If you want to furnish a mansion, cottage, hotel, board¬
ing house or office, it will be to your interest to see R. S.
Crutcher & Co. before you buy. They sell for cash or on.
time.
^National Furniture Co., 974-1006 Marietta Street.
Southern Manufacturing Co., Moore St., corner Ga. R. R.
Ware Furniture Mfg. Co., 4th Street, near Ponder Ave.
GALVANIZED IRON WORKS.
Chas. A. Conklin Mfg. Co., 270-274 Marietta Street.
GAS.
The gas industry forms a very important factor in the
general commerce of Atlanta and here this industry is
ably represented bv the Atlanta Gas Co., 8 W. Alabama
Street, which furnishes same for $1.00 per thousand net,
making it the cheapest light and fuel that can be used.
GRINDING MILLS.
DeLoach Mill Mfg. Co., Highland Ave., at R. & D. R, R.
108
HOTELS.
Nothing so much redounds to the credit of a city as its
reputation for maintaining a first-class hostelry, and in
this the city of Atlanta is particularly fortunate, for as the
South is proud of Atlanta, so is Atlanta proud of the Hotel
Aragon, which is conceded to be not only the most ele¬
gantly appointed and best conducted hotel palace in the
South, but the only first-class hotel in the city, and would
if located in New York, among the majestic and gorgeous
hotel palaces of the metropolis, attract attention; The
Aragon is a noble structure, in every way typical of all that
is advanced in American architecture,good taste and refined
elegance. Madame Patti Nicolini, after having spent sev¬
eral days there last winter wrote an autograph letter to
the President of the Aragon Company in which she said
that her apartments at the Aragon were the finest and
most luxurious of any she had ever occupied in America,
and that the cuisine and everything else was in keeping.
This hotel has probably entertained more distinguished
guests, from at' home and abroad, than- any other hotel
109
311 the United States, and it is the recognized headquarters
01 all railway officials, bankers, and insurance officials,
and is the only hotel in the city that invites the best tour¬
ist travel. The Aragon is located on the highest point in
the city, just where the commercial centre ends and the
residential portion begins. Peachtree street, known every¬
where among the traveled as one of the most beautiful resi¬
dence avenues in the country, has its beginning at almost the
very doors of the Aragon, and across from it are the fash¬
ionable Capital City Club and the Governor's Mansion,
while adjoining it is the Grand Opera House, and only three
squares beyond that the Union depot. It is the nearest
permanent hotel to the grounds of the Cotton States and
International Exposition, and the electric car passing the
door is the most direct line to the Exposition and all other
parts of the city. The Aragon is conducted on both the
American and European plans, and a large portion of the
ground floor is taken up with the cafe, which is charmingly
and richly furnished. Its cuisine and service is unsurpassed
by any hotel in the world, and it has every modern im¬
provement known to science. An orchestra of twelve
pieces discourses delightful music during the evening din¬
ner hour, which is served between six and eight o'clock;
and during the summer months, the only roof garden in
the South, replete with tropical flowers and waving palms
and resplendent with beautiful electric light features, or¬
chestral music, and where refreshments are served until
midnight, affords a charming retreat forthe guests of the
hotel and the selected few, who by invitation only, have
access to its pleasures and beauties. The management of
the Aragon is what might be expected in such a perfectly
appointed house, and at no hotel, whether North, South,
East or West, will the visitor be made to feel more com¬
pletely at home, or will be better cared for while a guest.
111
Roxborough Springs.—This delightful hotel and summer
resort of Dr. T. S. Powell's has been again leased to Mr.
J. H. Harper, and will be open from May 1st to Janu¬
ary 1st. It is located on the R. & D. R. R., in direct con¬
nection with the Exposition gates without change of
cars, and only six miles from the grounds. It has from
fifty to sixty nice airy rooms, neatly furnished. Mr. Har¬
per keeps a table that would satisfy the most fastidious.
He has had long experience in hotel business. Terms very
reasonable. Special rates to parties. For further infor¬
mation, address Mr. J. H. Harper, Peachtree Park, Ga.
Hotel Marion.—Ttiis new hotel ranks with the best in
the South, and under the present management is fast
becoming one of the most popular, being equipped with
all modern conveniences, steam heat, electric light, eleva¬
tors, rooms en suite with baths, etc., everything new and
first-class. Located on Pryor street within three blocks
of the Union Depot, it is especially convenient for com¬
mercial men, who receive special attention. Free bus to
and from all trains. Rates, $2.00 to $3.50 per day-
Special rates by the week or month. J. D. Clayton,
Manager; Warren Clayton, Proprietor.
112
HEATING APPARATUS.
Geo. F. Glaskin & Co., 54 N. Broad, Steam and Hot
Water Heating and Ventilating Apparatus.
HAIRDRESSER.
Elizabeth N. Cogswell, Chiropodist and Manicure.
Ladies' hair-dressing, face massage and steaming; manu¬
facturer of all kinds of hair goods, diamond, enamel and
sea shell tint finger-nail polish; dealer in all kinds of
toilet requisites for the hair, face and hands. 73Y2 White¬
hall Street.
ICE MACHINES.
Burns Manufacturing Co., 41 N. Broad Street.
ICE MANUFACTURERS.
Crystal Ice Co., 232 Marietta Street.
Georgia Ice Co., 46-48 W. Alabama Street.
INSURANCE.
Don't Travel Without Accident Insurance.—The Pre¬
ferred Accident Insurance Company of New York, repre¬
sented by John R. Thornton, 19 North Pryor Street, At¬
lanta, Ga., is the leading accident insurance company of
this country, and writes the best and most liberal policies
in existence. Policies issued for one day or more up to
oneyear, giving weekly indemnities from $15.00 to $50.00,
and death indemnities from $3,000.00 to $12,000.00.
Call or write for particulars to above address.
113
fja:
' f 13fes»8W»' mm
■ ~23iSp^§yi?J''
MAC HI NEK Y BUILDING.
JEWELERS.
Eft T
r? A. L,. Delkin^Co., Wholesale, Retail and Manufacturing
Jewelers, 69 Whitehall Street.
This is strictly an Atlanta enterprise, A. L. Delkin, the
founder and president of the company, having been born
in this city, and having from very small beginnings built
up the present large and prosperous business of this com¬
pany. They have steadily kept pace with Atlanta, and are
known all over the South as the popular, progressive, "up-
to-date" jewelers.
Their salesroom, which is the largest in Atlanta, is filled
with the latest
from the best
art workers and
thing usually ^ ♦<*
class jewelers,
glasses, umbrel-
glass, clocks,
Diamonds, fine,
are made a spe-
company. Im-
rough diamonds
cut in this coun-
them to furnish
brilliant stones
asked for
verv
productions
gold and silver
include every-
kept by first-
such as opera
las, canes, cut-
bronzes, etc., etc.
perfect stones,
cialty by this
porting the
and having them
try, enables
only the most
at prices usually
inferior goods.
They mount all their diamonds in their own factory, and
it is to this branch of their business that we would call
especial attention. Employing none but the most skilled
workmen, they are enabled to turn out work equal to the
best.
They make a specialty of fine medals, badges, and special
order work, which is promptly done in this establishment.
115
DR. J. B. S. HOLMES' SANATORIUM FOR WOMEN.
keeley institute.
The Keeley Institute, Atlanta, Ga. Treatment identical
with that given at Dwight, Illinois. For the safe and
peimanent cure of liquor, opium, morphine, cocaine and
tobacco habits and all nervous diseases. Endorsed by
United States Government. 219,000 patients treated.
Average permanent cures for all addictions, ninety-six
(96) per cent. Ladies treated in absolute privacy. No
case hopeless. Correspondence strictly confidential. For
information address Keeley Institute, Edgewood Avenue
and Ivy Street, Atlanta, Ga.
laundry.
The Excelsior Steam Laundry and Dye Works, located at
53 Decatur Street. Thoroughly equipped with all modern
improvements in their line, they are enabled to turn out
all kinds of work in first-class order and on short notice.
Their dye and cleaning departments receive special atten¬
tion. Clothing cleaned, pressed or dyed ; kid gloves and
white shoes made to look like new. All work guaranteed.
Orders left at any of their branch offices receive prompt
attention. Will call for and deliver work to any part of
the city. Telephone 41. W. E. Hanye, Manager.
lumber manufacturers.
Atlanta Lumber Co., 148 Humphries and 17 S.Forsvth.
Gress Lumber Co., 69 E. Alabama Street.
machinery.
Atlanta Supply Co., 29-31 S. Forsyth Street.
marble, stone and granite.
Vennble Bros. Office, 80 Marietta Street.
medical institution.
The Halcyon.—Dr. J. B. S. Holmes' Sanitarium for
Women is a leading institution in Atlanta. 17 W. Cain.
Georgia Via vi Company.—Mrs. Florence English, Alana-
ger, 608 Equitable Building, Atlanta, Ga.
117
What a Woman Can Do.—Visiting the Grand, I entered
rooms 717 and 718, where the pleasant offices of Mrs. C.
E. Claflin are located. She has cured thousands of lady
patients by the use of Dr. W. S. Springsteen's "Mountain
Rose." Mrs. Claflin is the proprietor of the Georgia divi¬
sion for Dr. Springsteen's Uterine Remedy. She has patients
in twenty-two states. So great has been the success of
Mrs. Claflin among sick women that hundreds of letters
have been received at her office telling of the wonderful
cures of diseases considered incurable. She is certainly do¬
ing a grand work for humanity by rendering thousands
of homes happy, by restoring to wives, mothers and
daughters nature's choicest gift, health, allowing the sun¬
light of happiness to once more enter their homes.
NURSERIES.
Atlanta Nurseries. Office, 815 Equitable Building.
OCULIST.
Dr. A. B. Patterson. Practice limited to Eye, Ear and
Throat. 14% Whitehall Street.
OPTICIAN.
A. K. Hawkes, Manufacturing Optician, has the most
popular glasses in existence. His headquarters for the
United States are at 12 Whitehall Street, Atlanta, Ga.
PAINT AND YARNISH MANUFACTURERS.
F. J. Cooledge & Bro., 12 N. Forsyth Street.
Tripod Paint Co., 56-58 Marietta Street.
PAINTER.
W. McKinley, Artist Painter. Signs, banners, scenic
painting. 40% Peachtree Street.
PERFUMERY MANUFACTURERS.
The Southern Perfumery Company, is the largest manu¬
facturer of perfumery and flavoring extracts in the South.
Their distillery is located at Island Grove, Fla., where
are distilled the flowers so abundant in that section.
The laboratory is located at 68 S.Pryor Street, Atlanta,
Ga., a four-story brick structure, having an area of
118
thirty by two hundred feet, where are manufactured
perfumes, flavoring extracts, toilet waters, Florida waters,
colognes, face, toilet and tooth powders, and all toilet
articles.^ Also a line of grocers' and druggists' sundries,
barbers and saloonists' supplies, which productions have
given universal satisfaction and are goods of recognized
merit.
This company has been in existence since 1888, at which
time it was organized with a capital of $20,000. The
present officers are J. H. Porter (Pres. of the Merchants
Bank), President; R. M. Farrar (Cashier of the Merchants
Bank), Sec'y and Treas.; E. L. Bergstrom, Manager.
NEWSPAPERS.
The Atlanta Constitution is the only morning news¬
paper published in Atlanta, holding the field alone after
having buried several
competitors since its
establishment in 1868
by Col. William A.
Hemphill, its present
business manager.
Capt. Evan P.Howell,
who as a leading At¬
lanta attorney, was
the lawyer of the com¬
pany, purchased a
half interest in the
paper in 1876 and be-
cameits editor-in-chief.
He at once associated
the late Henry W.
Grady with the paper,
Grady having formerly
edited a rival morn¬
ing paper which, after
a brilliant contest with
119
FIRE DEPARTMEN T BUILDING.
the Constitution, suspended publication. The services
of Joel Chandler Harris, then of Savannah , was also en¬
gaged for the editorial department. The paper at once be-
begantogive evidence of its remarkable development, and
since then has held uninterrupted possession of the morning
field. P. T. Finch, owning a third interest, sold his
stock in 1884, returning North, he having located in the
South in 1873 for his health, which being fully restored,
enabled him to return to his northern home. His partners
bought, and Mr. Grady became one-fourth owner of the
company and managing editor, succeeding Mr. Finch.
Mr. Clark Howell becamenight editor in 1884, and assist¬
ant managing editor to Mr. Grady during the period of
the latter's brilliant career as an orator, which called him
out of the city at frequent intervals during the last year
of his life. It was on one of these trips that he con¬
tracted pneumonia, in Boston, in December, 1889, from
which he died, Mr. Clark Howell becoming his successor
as managing editor. Mr. Frank L. Stanton and Wallace
P. Reed, well-known to the literary world, are on the Con¬
stitution's editorial staff.
The Daily and Sunday Constitution has a circulation of
25,000, its daily issue consisting of ten pages and Sunday
issues of from 24 to 36 pages. Its weekly edition of 12
pages has the largest circulation of any weekly newspaper
published on the American continent, reaching every state
in the Union, in an aggregate circulation of 156,000, of
which 30,000 goes north of the Ohio river. It has 20,000
subscribers in Texas, 18,000 in Alabama, 18,000 in North
Carolina and 30,000 in Georgia.
The Constitution has always been foremost in every
movement looking to the development of the resources
of the South and has been intimately connected with the
growth of Atlanta, leading in every public enterprise ; and
it was through its columns that the suggestion of the
Cotton States and International Exposition was first
121
made ,the idea being conceived by Mr. Hemphill, its busi¬
ness manager and hammered at so vigorously through the
editorial columns by Mr. Howell, as to bring Atlanta to
a fever heat on the subject. A business men's meeting fol¬
lowed, and the remainder is told in the Exposition itself.
The Atlanta Journal, Atlanta, Ga. Hoke Smith, Presi¬
dent; H. H. Cabaniss, Business Manager; F. H. Richard¬
son, Editor.
The Journal is printed every afternoon except Sunday
and has the largest circulation of any paper in the city
and in the State. In addition to its local circulation, enter¬
ing, as it does, well-nigh every home in the city, ten thou¬
sand copies are sent daily to the cities and towns of Geor¬
gia and adjoining states. The Journal has its own
leased wire service of the full Associated Press report,
covering the news of the world.
Subscription : Daily, $5.00 per annum ; weekly, 75 cents
per annum.
The Daily is delivered to homes in Atlanta at 10 cents
per week.
The Southern Travelers' Railway Guide, J. R. Watts,
Manager, Atlanta, publishes latest information of all
roads South. An index, to hotels and resorts of the South.
PIANOS.
The Estey Organ Co. established a branch house in
Atlanta twenty years ago. Their reputation for honora¬
ble dealing is standard the world over. They handle none
but first-class instruments, such as their own pianos and
organs, the Decker Brothers and Ludwig pianos. Send
for catalogue and prices. 55 Peachtree Street.
Freyer & Bradlej' Music Co., 63 Peachtree Street. Con-
over and New England Pianos. W.W. Crocker, Manager.
PUBLISHERS.
The old established New York publishing house of D.
Appleton & Co. has located its Southern Branch in this
122
city at Nos. 205, 206 and 207 Gould Building, under the
management of Mr. A. C. Risdon. This house has
achieved a reputation for the publishing of high-class ref¬
erence works second to no other house in the world, and
the public has learned to regard its publications in this-
line as combining the highest authority with the greatest
perfection in literary and mechanical execution. The new
edition of Johnson's Universal Cyclopedia now being is¬
sued by this house is considered by eminent scholars to
approach nearer to being the ideal cyclopedia than any
work of general reference ever before published.
In facilities for printing, Atlanta easily holds first place
in the Southern States, and is second to few cities in the
Union. This proud pre-eminence in the "art preserva¬
tive" she owes in no small degree to the efforts of the well-
known Foote & Davies Company. This firm, comprising
as it does, the most skillful exponents of the art, as well
as business ability of a very high order, has labored long,
and successfully, too, to place the printing business in the
position of dignity it now occupies in the South, and has
contributed much to the establishment of Atlanta in its
reputation as a publishing centre.
A visit to the extensive plant of this company at 16 E.
Mitchell street will convince the reader of the excellent
foundation of its claims to superior facilities for execut¬
ing all kinds of printing, and that it is in a position to
say : "Our specialty—Everything in our line." If it has a
specialty—one above another—to which we should call
particular attention, it is the printing of books, in which
it does a large business and has achieved a wide repu¬
tation.
RAILROADS.
Seaboard Air Line.—The favorite and most popular line
in the South. Runs double daily trains between Atlanta
and Washington and Norfolk. The "Atlanta Special,"
123
cc
iLl
b-
z:
UJ
O
Q
<
O
cc
<
cc
<
CO
<
<
h-
z
<
h
<
solid vestibuled Pullman train, is positively the only
through train between Atlanta and Washington upon
which there is no extra fare charged; leaves Atlanta 12
noon daily, for Washington, Norfolk and the east; com¬
ing South, leaves Washington 8:40 P. M.
No. 38, S. A. L. express, leaves Atlanta 7 :45 P. M. daily
for Norfolk and the North, with through Pullman sleeper.
No. 34, through train to Columbia, with coach for
Charleston, leaves Atlanta 7:15 A. M. daily.
Roadway and equipment unsurpassed. For lowest rates
and other information, call at city ticket office, No. 6 Kim¬
ball House, Atlanta; or, address B. A. Newland, General
Agent Passenger Department; T. J. Anderson, General
Passenger Agent; E. St. John, Vice-President; JohnH.
Winder, General Manager, Atlanta, Ga.
RESTAURANTS.
Folsom's European Hotel, Reading Room and Res¬
taurant, Nos. 14 to 20 Marietta Street.
Oriole Cafe, 25 S. Pryor Street, one block from Union
Depot, Beckham & Ennis, Proprietors. New and first-
class in every respect. Elegant rooms on European plan.
The Nonesuch Lunch Room is located on the top floor
of the Norcross Building, corner of Peachtree and Mari¬
etta, entrance on Marietta street. The elevator will carry
you away from the dust and noise.
The name is suggestiveof its true worth. A wholesome
and perfect lunch is served here daily between the hours of
10 A. M. and 3 P. M. The service is prompt and exact. It
is of infinite value to all people to have the right quantity
and a superior quality of food placed before them. Most ex¬
cellent judgment is exercised in these particulars. There is
also dainty china and clean white linen spread before you.
Wraps, hats, etc., are well cared for at the door.
A reading-room with easy chairs, magazines and writ¬
ing material complete the comfort of any guest.
125
These many excellent advantages combined have made
the "Nonesuch," the most popular lunch room in the city
for both ladies and gentlemen. We take pleasure in recom¬
mending it to the public.
REAL ESTATE.
G. W. Adair Real Estate and Rental Agency, 14 Wall
Street, was established in 1865.
The firm is composed of G. W. Adair, Forrest Adair, who
has been in business with his father since 1879, and Geo.
Adair, Jr., who has had about four years experience. The
office force consists of eleven men.
Col. G. W. Adair was the first real estate agent in the
South. He has sold during the past thirty years nearly
every foot of property in this city, and some pieces of
property have passed through his hands dozens of times.
He does an immense renting business, deals in city and
suburban property, and is probably more familiar with
real estate values and titles than any citizen in Atlanta.
Southern Immigration and Improvement Co., 45 N.
Broad, Atlanta, Ga.
You are invited to call at their office. The only incorpo¬
rated immigration company in Georgia. Timber, mineral
and agricultural land in ever}' county in Georgia and in all
the Southern States. They do a regular real estate busi¬
ness in Atlanta. Gentlemanly agents to show property.
Call for hand-book and price-list. James P. Day, Presi¬
dent; J. Mark Bishop, Sec'y and Treas.; J. H. Mountain,
Manager.
D. Morrison, Real Estate and Renting Agent, 47 E. Hun
ter Street. Telephone 754. Sells homes and good invest¬
ment property in the city and suburbs.
W. M. Scott & Co., 12 Wall Street (Kimball House
Block). Second oldest real estate firm in the city. Are the
largest handlers of pine lands in the city. Correspondents
for the Land Title Register, published in New York,
Chicago, St. Louis and St. Paul.
126
SEMINARIES AND COLLEGES—COLORED.
Clark University, an institution for the education of
colored Youth, was founded twenty-six years ago by the
Freedman'sAid Society of the M. E. Church, and has been
sustained ever since by appropriations from that Board.
It is beautifully located just south of the city, and may
be readily reached by the Pryor street electric car line.
Its departments are as follows: College courses: Classi¬
cal, scientific, mechanical engineering. Intermediate:
Normal, college preparatory. Grammar school: Eight
grades.
Trade schools: Blacksmithing, carpentry, wagon-mak¬
ing, painting, harness-making, steam-fitting and plumbing,
printing, sewing and dressmaking, cooking, housekeeping.
The college and intermediate courses require four years
each. The industrial courses require two hours per day
during two school years.
College graduates receive the degree of B. A., B. S., or
M. E., according to the course pursued; normal graduates
receive a diploma, and industrials receive a trade certifi¬
cate. Letters of inquiry should be directed to the Presi¬
dent, D. C. John, South Atlanta, Ga.
NEGRO BUILDING.
Gammon Theological Seminary offers a full three years
theological course, substantially the same as that of the
best theological seminaries of the country. Also shorter
English courses. For catalogue, address President Wilbur
P. Thirkield, Atlanta, Ga. Take South Pryor electric line.
Atlanta Baptist Seminary.—One of the most imposing
buildings in Atlanta is that of the Atlanta Baptist Semi¬
nary, at the west end of Fair street. Standing on one of
the highest points of the city, its position is a command¬
ing one, and the architectural beauty of the building shows
off to great advantage. This institution is operated by
the American Baptist Home Mission Society, for the edu¬
cation of colored young men, with special reference to the
preparation of preachers and teachers. The President is
Rev. George Sale, B. A., who is assisted by an able corps
of teachers, both white and colored. Those interested in
129
the educational progress of the negroes, and especially in
what is being done in this respect by Northern capital,
would be well repaid by a visit to this institution.
Morris Brown College, Atlanta, Ga., offers instruction
in the following courses: Preparatory, normal, college,
music, law, theology, industrial training. Expenses:
Boarders, ten dollars per month in advance; day stu¬
dents, one dollar per month. Street cars run by the col¬
lege every fifteen minutes. For catalogue and further
information, address A. St. George Richardson, Principal.
Spelman Seminary, for colored women and girls, is lo¬
cated at 99 Leonard street, Atlanta, Ga. It was founded
in 1881. There has been a steady growth in the number
of pupils, departments of study, buildings erected, and
other facilities. During these years there has been an
average annual enrollment of over 600 pupils. It has
preparatory, academic, normal training, missionary
training, college preparatory, nurse training, industrial,
printing, and musical departments. There are fourteen
acres of land, with five large brick buildings, four frame
dormitories, and a frame hospital.
Visitors to the Exposition are most cordially invited lo
visit the institution. Electric cars run from Exposition
grounds to Leonard street, via Walker street.
For catalogue and further information, address Miss
Harriet E. Giles, Principal; Miss Lucy H. Upton, Associ¬
ate Principal.
SHOES.
Among the leading retail establishments in the city is
the firm of Byck Bros. & Co., No. 27 Whitehall Street.
For the past ten years this firm has been one of the lead¬
ing shoe houses in the State of Georgia. They have large
establishments both in Atlanta and Savannah. This
house always carries a full assortment of the finest stock
130
and the latest styles. Any article bearing the name of
" Byck" is a guarantee of its excellency.
SHOW CASE MANUFACTURERS.
Atlanta Show Case Works, 42 and 46 Courtland Ave.
SPECIALIST.
A Distinguished Georgian.—One of the most prominent
men in the South is Dr. J. Harvey Moore, the well-known
eye, ear and throat specialist, of Atlanta. Dr. Moore is
a native Georgian, whose ancestors figured prominently
in the early history of the Southern States. His grand¬
parents on both sides of the house came into North Georgia
from North Carolina at an early day. His parents moved
North soon after the late war, and he obtained his educa¬
tion in the finest institutions of Philadelphia and New
York. He graduated from Jefferson Medical College,
Philadelphia, in 1882. He took a special course there in
1886, and another in New York in 1888. He practiced his
specialties with eminent success in Northeastern Pennsyl¬
vania for a number of years, but came to Georgia two
years ago on account of his health. He is now a resi¬
dent of Atlanta, where he has a large and ever increasing
practice, and his name is known throughout the entire
South. His health is fully restored, and he is a valuable
acquisition.—Atlanta Journal.
SPECIALTY AND NOVELTY ADVERTISING.
The Atlanta Advertising Company carries a full line of
novelties for specialty advertising. A. M. Hinman, man¬
ager, 19 North Pry or Street.
SPRING BED MANUFACTURERS.
Gate City Mattress & Spring Bed Co., corner Joiner
and Central R. R.
STOVE MANUFACTURERS.
Georgia Stove Works, Bellwood Avenue, atW.& A.R.R.
131
TILE.
Atlanta Tile Co., 41 N. Broad Street.
J. A. Cooksey, 42 Grant Building.
TRUNK MANUFACTURERS.
One of the leading manufacturing firms located in
Atlanta is that of Foote'sTrunk Factory, 17 E. Alabama
Street. They are noted for highest grade and best goods
in Atlanta, and are recommended to the public. Trunk
repairing a specialty.
WATCHES, CLOCKS AND JEWELRY.
Maier & Berkele, Manufacturers of Watqhes, Clocks,
Etc., 31 Whitehall.
WIRE AND IRON.
The Atlanta Wire and Iron Works Co., Manufacturers
of Bank and Office Railing, Elevator Enclosures, Wickets,
Grilles and Wicker Work. 64 N. Broad Street. Tele¬
phone 1083.
132
INDEX TO VARIED INDUSTRIES.
Acid Phosphate M'f'rs 89
Acids and Chemicals 89
Agricultural Implements 89
Architect! Terra Ootta W'ks. .89
Art Glass 89
Assayers 89
Badges and Medals 89
Banks 90
Boiler Makers 93
Bottlers 93
Brick 98
Board 93
Books and Stationery 93
Brokers 94
Bric-a-Brac 95
Broom Manufacturers 97
Candy " 97
Chemicals 97
Churches 97
Cigar Manufacturers 97
Coal and Lumber 99
Cotton Mills 99
Cotton Seed Oil Ma'f'rs 99
Cracker Manufacturers 99
Crematory Company 101
Dentists 103
Dressmakers 103
Educational Institutions:
Business University ..51
Atlanta Medical College... 103
Southern Medical " ....103
School of Languages 104
Capital Female College 105
COLORED
Clark University 127
Gammon Theological Sem. .129
Atlanta Baptist Sem 129
Morris Brown College 130
Spelman Seminary 130
Electrical Engineers .107
Fertilizers 107
Flour 107
Furniture Manufacturers.... 107
Galvanized Tron Works 108
Gas ... 108
Grinding Mills 108
Hotels 109
Heating Apparatus 113
Hairdresser 113
Ice Machines 113
Ice Manufacturers 113
Insurance 113
Jewelers 115
Keeley Institute 117
Laundry 117
Lumber Manufacturers 117
Machinery 117
Marble, Stone and Granite—117
Medical Institutions 117
Nurseries 118
Oculist 118
Optician 118
Paint and Yarnish 118
Painters 118
Perfumery Manufacturers... .118
Newspapers. 119
Pianos 122
Publishers 122
Railroads 123
Restaurants 125
Real Estate 126
Shoes 130
ShowCase Manufacturers 131
Specialist 131
Specialty Advertising Co... .131
Spring Bed Manufacturers.. .131
Stove Manufacturers 131
Tile " 132
Trunk " 132
Watch " 132
Wire " 132