. v' * *vr v m * L. 1 T H IT I "' 5 ' # ' <^;v*HS # liiii pi@piip r- * / « #//r OB . yV»- *9 Religion the only Solid I>, ;:s of State J y OR fr- NATIONAL PROSPERITY. /**'■' <4& ft,/.Vkr -1 -A SERMON, ' / !>,. Delivered in the Representative Hall of the State of Geor¬ gia, on Thursday, Nov. 24th, 1859, by • Rev. Dr. HIGGINS, of Columbus, . . (Published by ogrf&r the General jpseinbh/.) . ' >3 i FEDERAL UNION POWER PRESS, M1LLEDGE V'lLLE, OA. A " Happy- i& that people whose God is the Lord!"—Psalms 144—1-5. This is an eventful clay to the American people.' With a most rare .and gratifying unanimity, twenty-six, and possibly more, of the sovereign Statfes of this Union, are now engag¬ ed in commemorating the goodness of God to the. eminently favored communities of this great and happy country^- The blaze of a grand combined sacrifice is going up from, millions of grateful freeman; and by all these millions* the being and the providence of God are this day asserted, and pro¬ claimed in a manner, that can hardly fail to deepen the sense of both, in the national mind and heart. Rarely has the sun looked upon such a spectacle. From hill-side to valley, at the North and at the South, in the East and in the West, young men and maidens, old men and children, are crowding the sanctuaries of the Most High; and christian ministers, with reverence and faith, are preparing to lead their flocks into the green pastures of sanctified meditation, and by the side of the waters that go softly. Our assembling here, therefore, to-day for the public wor¬ ship Qf Almighty God, is in delightful unison with all that is transpiring elsewhere; and animated by the most grateful feelings for the great things God has done for us. in all the relations of civilized and christian life, let us seek to make the occasion one of public edification. The text teaches the just and inevitable connection be¬ tween the aggregate piety of a people, and the public good; or that religion is the only solid and indestructible basis of either State or national prosperity. And this has been the doctrine from the beginning. Ever since society took an organized form, God has had respect to the proportion of faith in a community; and all history shows that States and peoples have flourished or" declined, V according1 as tl^'e great elements of vice or virtue grew $nd prevailed As a dectrjnd, inched, nothing in the word of Grod is pkiner than this; and yet, though not "anew com¬ mandment " .in any feenfee whatever, I am constrained to think that the well-being of society requires its fresh utter¬ ance, and that in the plainest manner possible. It is not more true, then, that the righteousness which ex¬ alts a nation also preserves it, than that the sin which re¬ proaches a people, likewise blasts and devours. A walk in- • to the cemetery of the dead kingdoms will show this—show it to a demonstration. Perhaps I may even be allowed here to give an example, for you will find what is true of one, is true of all. Eighteen hundred years ago a man and an apos¬ tle, even the beloved Paul himself, escaped from the hands of brutal violence, simply by proclaiming himself a Roman —such was Rome then, in the heydAy of its power, but, as we all know,'and never more than now, Rome is living Rome, no more. But then—for I am speaking of Rome as she was then—hardly had the magical words passed his lips, before the furious outcry ceased, the eager and impatient crowd fell back, and Caesar in his palace was not more se¬ cure than the plain, solitary, unarmed man, who had just claimed the protection of the Roman eagle. If the appeal was simple, the effect was electric and sublime. " Tell me, art thou a Roman ?" He said " yea." And then—as the hen gathereth her brood under her wings, so did this ancien t and imperial mistress of the world take to her bosom her newly discovered child, and bear him off to a place of safety, where the fury of the violent man could not reach him, nor the anger of the cruel molest him. And this protection of the weak against the strong, let me add—pausing for a moment by the way—this snatching of the prey from the grasp of the mighty, is one of the highest functions of the human govermnent; and never is that office performed for humanity, without eliciting the highest prajse and admiration. Viewed from such a stand¬ point, the mission of government upon earth is noble, eleva¬ ted, god-like; for then, if ever, " the powers that be are ordained of Grod." In performing such a work of justice and humanity, it ennobles itself, for then it acts as the vice¬ gerent of heaven; and though it is not the less an ordinance -5 of" God, wheji it is seen moving itf inajesty tip oil its tpes, bear¬ ing the sword aloft for the fimisfyment bf the wrprigH^oer, yet it never assumes a "bidder or more atqiablo air, than when thus affording rescufe to the oppressed,. or stretching fourth, its hands to such as flee to it for Tsuccor. Happy is the, people \vl|o hslve a government to fly to; but according to my text, .happier still the government whose God is the L.Ord.v The- Roman—returning to my p«in|—had the for¬ mer,. and perished—and^ perished because his God was not the ,Lord j the American citizen has now the former, but besides this, we claim the latter also, , * And in our judgment it is this, last element7 that gives strength and security to the first; the fact that the feet of the statue of Anglo-Saxon, and Anglo-American liberty are not of clay, but of brass—that with us, Christianity came first, and civilization after—in short, that tliQ wings that cover us to-day are not those of the eagle, but of the a,rk and the cherubim. ' - No truth, indeed, stands out more prominently upon the page of history than this—that communities and peoples once enlightened have . gradually deteriorated, and at last miserably perished; and for this great historic problem, I know of but one solution, but that is infallible, forit is given by the prophet of the Great Moral Governor himself: " The, nation and kingdom that will not serve thee shall perish ; yea, those nations shall be utterly wasted." And herein lies the secret of the wasting of those great nations of antiquity that were once famous in their day, but which have long since been blotted out from under heaven. Not choosing to re¬ tain God in their knowledge, but holding the truth in un¬ righteousness—substituting for doctrines human traditions, and for divine ordinances the profligate propensities of wick¬ ed and abandoned men, their sun went down at noon ; the wicked nation, like the wicked man, did not live out half its days. And this is the truth that I am this day concerned to state and publish before you, that I know of no other conserva¬ tism than the conservatism of Christianity. I know of nothing in human institutions, aJs such, to secure society in tliis. or in anv other country, from disasters similar to those 6 in my honest judgment, the only salt that has savor, is thd salt of Bible truth and doctrine. Nothing on this earth sur¬ vives, that has not in it this -element of incorruptibility ; and therefore I again say, " Happy is that people whose God is the Lord." And, t$ apply all this to ourselves "with know¬ ledge, with science, with arts, with civilization, .with every thing in our favor, yet without the righteousness which ex-1 alteth a nation Oitr house is built on gliding sand, or yielding air. "flfflk not to me in this connection of our wide-spread territor^ though never did the sun in heaven look down upon such a heritage—sucl^-.a broad national domain that stretches from the Canadas on the North, to the ^rj-ilf of Mexico upon the South, and from the Atlantic on the East, to the far-off Pacific on the "West, nevertheless^ 'our God must be the Lord.' Talk not to me either, of our glorious, our incomparable constitution though I have been educated to believe that never did the intellect of man work upon a nobler instrument, and the convictions of the man have certainly in this particular not outgrown the instructions of the child—yet I repeat our God must be the Lord, or even this wonderful instrument, with all its match¬ less conceptions, its well-adjusted checks and balances, hold¬ ing at a just and even poise the rights of one and the rights of all, will soon be among the things that were. Talk not to me finally, of that which I also greatly value, the rare qualities of our native population—for if I could glory in anything human, I could glory in our Anglo-Saxon blood and lineage—though I do not forget that God has made of one blood all the nations, and as a minister of the sanctuary I certainly have arms and heart for them all, but with all this to excite grateful emotions, I must nevertheless repeat " cursed is he that makethjflesh his arm." Our God must he the Lord. "With a free government—a government truly honorable to our nature, and every way compatible with our rights— a government that throws its shield over the highest and the lowest—a government that abjuring all hereditary claims, with a rare grace offers its prizes to him who wins, a gov¬ ernment where every great material interest is watched ov¬ er and cared for—a government that affords unbounded fa¬ cilities for personal and social enjoymentagovernmentthatby "7^ its very distance fromcontemporaneoWnatio&k aiid kingdoms, need never be drawn into the whirlpool of foreign politics; yet with ail this to give spring ai*d vigor tp the ilaticJnaJ. step, we siialff yet stumble at the threshold, unless the light of Christianity be in our eye, and the hope of heaven in our heart. *" Our God must be the Lord-" If anchored to the Rock of Ages we are safe—but if not, the ship must drive.' And as this scripture is not of any private interpretation, I would speak it to those who are far off, as* well as to those who are nigh. I say then, Hear it, ye who are gi?oawiiTg and writhing under the wrongs of ages—ye who are supplicating for your rights, with just enough of political smew to over¬ take—ye, who are hemmed in by an inevitable proximity with surrounding nations, weighed down by public, bilrclens, doomed to spend your labor on establishments, civil or ec¬ clesiastical, as that may be, for which you have .no love and no reverence j I say, hear it, all who aspire to found states, kingdoms, dynasties—No man, no nation is on th? right track whose God is not the Lord ; who do not make this Bible the one supreme, infallible appeal of right and wrong; who do not enquire with the docility and the reverence of the east¬ ern ages, for the star of Bethelehem—who do not bring their offerings of Art, of Science, and of Literature, and meekly lay them at, the feet of our Emmanuel, the Wonderful, the Counsellor, the mighty God, the everlasting Father, the Prince of Peace! And this is the bulwark of our political Zion, the fact, that this God is our Lord; this, the Gibraltar of the whole American people, this, the defence upon all our glory. And more than all else, I count on this, that with much that is amiss staring us in the face, and which may God forgive I yet in heart, and soul, I proclaim it here to-day, we are tru¬ ly and essentially a Christian people. And here I rally my hopes for the future! And when that title, than which I acknowledge none higher, the title of an American citizen, when even that title, shall have failed us—when we shall have ceased to be a nation of sovereigns, when the great guar¬ antees of the Constitution shall have come tumbling down upon us, like a house forsaken of inhabitant, when all its wise and equitable provisions shall have been voted a dead letter, when the living spirit of the conscript fathers shall A have departed from 911I: midst/Iind the strong ties of a com- iiion political brotherhood shall he snapped asunder, like flax or tow—when ea6h and all in which we have gloried and ^rusted, shall haye yanished, like a dream Wjhen one awaketh; even then, without one-misgiving for the result, I would still trust my nations strength, and my nation's steadfastness, to this One lock of power—the presence and op¬ eration of the Christian Religion. Her " God is the Lord and with this single plank, I would agree to make the na¬ tion's voyage, the whole voyage over trackless waters and unknov^ii seas, without one fear of wreck or founder; aye, agree on some peaceful morning of the Millennium, to de¬ liver up the gallant ship, without one timber strained, and with>' every streaifter full high advanced," to Him whose " kingdom ruleth over all." No fear, then, for the nation whose Grod is the Lord; her epitaph is not written, and will not be written until his altars are thrown down—until his house is left unto him desolate, until scoffing and impiety, widely and universally prevail—until we come to rival the ancient cities of the plain. Then indeed, we shall be doomed if not damned; and like the proud head of ancient Babylon, hell from be¬ neath will be moved to meet us at our coming. With this candid avowal of my convictions, that religion is the only solid and indestructible basis of State and nation¬ al prosperity, I now go on to state some of our supposed advantages in running the race of national greatness and renown, I say, some of our distinctions, not all. The whole subject of those advantages is much too vast, too extensive for any considerable detail; but on a day of general joy like this, one may be pardoned if by wTay of heightening the common gratification, he ventures to look over into other vineyards besides his own. I say this is no spirit of invid- iousness to the nations with whom, in the way of compar¬ ison, we may stand opposed, for I trust our strife, if strife there be, is that of warm and generous men; nevertheless it may not. hurt ourselves or others, to remind you that the lines have fallen to us in pleasant places. Whatever, then, older countries with their hoarded treasures of the past may be to the few, I am constrained ^io say that for the many, there is no country like our own ; 9 and in common with '^millions*' cJ|* my * countrymen, I therefore this day heartily than& Crodthat there is an Amer¬ ica, and that we are Americans? ,Qver /and above the fact, * though it is by no means an iriconsiderable one, that we came into the rank of independent Statefe at a late period, when* the experience of all past ages, was unrolled before, us j and over and, above, ^ too, the other fact that in the history of mankind, ours is the one only example of a truly social com¬ pact, kdopted by the act of the whole people; X sayWside§ all this, there are certain physical as well as political ad¬ vantages, which make our position among the nations one r of a most extraordinary character. I seize, f(?r example, upon the youth of the country, and I say, here is youthful vigor, here the lusty strength of four¬ score years and three; here the national Sampson, with his hair not yet full grown; but looking away across the seas, I see the national ivy twining around the national oak, and with the venerableness of years, it may be supposed that there is, too, something of its weakness and decay. But whether this be so or not, this we know4 that age is not flexible, age cannot be twisted into all imaginable shapes, or run into any number of new moulds o,r forms j while youth readily adopts itself to one and all. No, it so hap¬ pens that during the last five hundred years society has not stood still; ill that time the world has been marching.— jSince the old governments of Europe first came into being, there have been some changes, great and material changes, manners have changed, literature has changed, politics have changed, commerce has changed, the human mind itself has been put under new culture, and yet notwithstanding all tliis, and the modification in law and government which such changes naturally suggest, many of the weights and shackles—the heavy incumbrances, the absurd restrictions, the ignorant regulations, which might have been well enough when society was in its infancy, are still retained in all their primitive grotesqueness, even though the world has outgrown its nonage. And of the expediency of all this, these governments themselves must be allowed to be the good and sufficient judges ; all I say is, that a new nation just starting into life at a most eventful and unexampled era of the world's histo- 1$ h ry* has incomparably «the advantage of the old. As we all know, It is a thousand-fold pasier to prevent excrescences than to loj> theni' off, to defuse hereditary claims ^nd titles, than to withdraw them,' when once given, easier perhaps to build up a magnificent palace from the beginning, than to, remove & solitary brick from a time-honored pile. And of all this the christian patriots, who laid the foundations of our Republic, were not unmindful, and the fruit of their wise ^labors,. their profound political forecast, we are reaping here to-day* Then again, in what is still a newly settled country, and one that is annually adding to the area of its surface very farbeyond the natural increase of its population, all overcrowd- big is impossible, an evil, which until within a few years, was one'of the hardest problems that the European states¬ man was called upon to solve. Of such a pressure as com¬ pels the annual flight of hundred of thousands from our midst, to seek. homes in new and distant lands, we know nothing; norindeed are we able to comprehend the full ex¬ tent of the calamity itself. England, for example, has a vast empire in the East, where a common laborer may be hired for six or eight dollars a year; where for food he luxuriates upon a handful of rice and where in the warmer season of the year, he falls and sleeps just where night and silence overtake him. Nor do I visit this at all upon the government, for I am not sure but the evil is equally beyond reach of school-craft and king-craft, in short, I know of no political leech craft, no mediciner, who is at all equal to the curing of such a hurt, I know of none, except he be a Moses to lead them out, or a Columbus, to throw open the gates of a new world. In short, I doubt the ability of either government upon the one hand, or the universal diffusion of education upon the other, to remedy an evil of which one half the world complains, I am not sure but China itself might be quoted as an illustration of one part of this remark, while Europe in general might stand as an illustration of the other. In the Flowery Kingdom, as we hear, there is the education, but not the government, and in Europe, with a much better type of the latter, there is perhaps less of the former. Of Chinese literature there is, as travellers tell us, an abun¬ dance ; but, with a swarming ^population, ever in one 11 another's way, treading on one^ another's heels, and which cannot be counted for multitujle,' wages are* so nominal as to make their condition physically hopeless.. And, 'though Europe may not feel this pressure to an equal -degree, yet physical expansion is most evidently the' waril of^both. Nor is the physical embarrassment t>y any means the worst result of such a vast and uniwieldy element. Every politi¬ cal economist knows, that morale like physical corruption, spreads most quickly where the points of contact are most numerous ; and hence such a population is sure to be -unruly, if not unmanageable. Crowd men together within a limited space and unless the salt of sound doctrin^ and good morals be daily and continually thrown into all the wells of social life., the waters will poison, willputrify, and like the dead waters of Egypt in the time of plagues, they will soon bqth taste and smell of blood. Bring together the 40,000 of Paris, who have no visible means of support, and there will be lurking holes of depravity, just as there are burrows -for the vermin that infest your dwellings; or concentrate the 30,000 Of a similar population in London, and there will be whole com¬ monwealths of corruption, organized bands of thieves, rob¬ bers and murderers, outlaws from man, and outcasts from God. But what know we of these ? In comparison, noth¬ ing. What those lands want, is just that in which we abound, and which we are always happy to give to those who come; namely, the widest room—the fairest scope— the most unbounded opportunity for action, for enterprise, for skill, arid wanting which, society must and will retro¬ grade in some quarters, eveii if it shows grateful signs of advance in others. And whoever remembers the pregnant fact that four-fifths of mankind live upon the fruits of labor, will at once see the bearing of all this upon the public weal; and whoever will be at the pains to examine the statistics of pauperism in dif¬ ferent countries, will see that for the laboring man there is really no land like that in which we live, and for which we this day render thanks to God. Thus Sweden, with a pop¬ ulation of 3,500,000, has a fraction more than one mendicant in every hundred persons, but Denmark has four, Norway f,nd Wirtemberg, five, Switzerland ten, Italy thirteen, France fifteen, England, ten, while the British Isles, collec- 12 tively haVe seventeen; but here such persons, as a class, are almost utterly unknown. There is another element, however, in our extraordinary position as a people that I must not overlook. Whether it be a result of the peculiar /orm of our government,, or wheth¬ er it be put clown, as we should like to believe, to the supe¬ rior intelligence and morality of our fellbw-citizens, or whatever else, one thing is certain; that of a certain kind of * government we have less than other nations ; and in this way, the saving to our country in the shape of taxes, is al¬ most incalculable. It is the sober estimate of the political economist of England, that one third of the wages of the la¬ boring classes is consumed by taxation, leavingjust enough to procure the bare necessaries of life. In the most heavily taxed portions of our own land, I am not aware that it amounts to a twentieth, while in this particular State a tax- gather has almost come to be regarded as a mythical indi¬ vidual. What a contrast to the nations abroad! At this moment, while every country in Europe is required to pro¬ vide an expensive and extravagant civil list, there are also vast and incredible outlays for standing armies and State defences, to say nothing of the heavy reckoning for the wasteful' wars of the last two hundred years ; of all which we know nothing, except as we know the age of our ances¬ tors, or the traditions of a past generation. It is a singular fact, and one which I beg to mention in this connection, that just ninety-seven years ago (17G2) one of the shrewdest minds of England—I allude to Mr. Hume ; predicted a national bankruptcy, if the public debt of that country should ever amount to a hundred millions sterling ; and without pretending to say whether all his points were well or ill taken, no man will deny that there were grounds of the gravest alarm, or that among the causes which, more than any other, have been influential in preventing such a result, are two, neither of which was it possible for that man of sagacity to foresee. First, the size and growth of the cotton culture, a branch af productive industry which now furnishes employment in that country alone, directly or in¬ directly, to four or five millions, an element of calculation, which of course could not go down in his reckoning ; and, ^sAfrmd, the vast improvements in cotton-spinning which the 13 \vorld was destined to witness in the next hundred years. It was not possible, for example, for him to know that the mo- meat of his prophecy there lay coiled up' in the brain of a Harg^eaves and an Ark Wright, embryo conceptions that in five and sey^i'years from that 'date, would develop inven¬ tions tha f m lesi tfcan a century would yield to that singu¬ larly fortunate Country, as sum ten times greater than the debt lie supposed would exceed her maximum ability to bear. If ever a land had reasoi^to thank God for the birth of a single mind, England is that Emd; for the wise invention^ of an Arkwright and a Watt, not only saved a city, but a, kingdom, and looking to the wide ^commercial bearings of that country, the whole monetary world. I judge them this day, worthy of a higher monument than the hero of Waterloo, or of Trafalgar! Under Grod they, and such as they, have been the world's best benefactors. And if Frank¬ lin counted him a philanthropist who made two blades of grass grow where one grew before, how ought we to estimate men who by the force of their genius have indefinitely post¬ poned national bankruptcy to such a kingdom as Great Bri¬ tain ; and who in benefitting her, have benefitted all—have advanced the material interests of millions yet unborn! But I must stop—though from the continually expanding nature of the subject, it were easier to go on. I recur then to the remark made awhile ago, though in another form, that never was a nation born to such an inheritance as that* which this day meets our eyes. With a free .govenmi. nt— an almost fabulous extent of territory running .through all latitudes, from the cold of one section to the orange groves and spiceries of another—with the English language, law s and literature steadily following in the wake of an ever advanc¬ ing population—with the wrecks of other nations floundering past, warning us of that Scylla and that Charybdis with a perfect toleration of one another's religious opin'ons— with a people eminently devoted to peaceful and industrial pursuits—with the already wide diffusion of the me;ins of education, and the good work receiving a new impul ev¬ ery day—with a free speech, a free pulpit, and a fret ^ ress, what better auspices could we desire for working oul> the great problem of humanity amongst us, to a success nl and triumphant conclusion ? And I answer, none, foi iu the 14 wildest dreams of romance I caimqt conceive 01 a peopl^ s'i favored, as wq who this day meet' to $?ink God for his irirTft- merable benefits. What more," says G<4cl, " could I have done for my vineyard? " And, for one, I am compelled* tes, come ffrom what source they God Hvilf sly, "Hitherto thou shalt come, and . rib fartlv*'; and'Sere shall thy proud waves be '^yed."' PHappy&s that $eople|who is in such a case; yea happy is '^iat people whose God is the Lord." Amen.,