^^- n^:::'M'^ :•■ ^ -^v..' . V ^^M^ !5!5ffT Vol. 2d. First aeries. T f I E ll CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, AXI) iimwm OF USEFUL KliOWLEDGE, YOii THE YEAK 18 63 VrOKSBURO, MISS. <: 1! COiN'TEISrTS OF CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC FOR 1808. Page. Signs of the Zodiac — Chronological Cycles — Moveable Feasts, &c 2 Eclipses for 1868 — Equinoxes and Solstices — Planets, &c — 3 Principal Bodies in the Solar System, Time, &c 4 Calendar, Phenomena, &c 5 (Constitution of the Confederate States. . .- 17 Organization of the Confederate States, Representation, &c. 31 Salaries of Executive Officers — Government of Confederate States 32 First Congress of Confederate States — Length of Terms 32 Our Indian Relations 34 Production of BreadstufFs — Statistics from Census of 1860. . 36 Domestic and Indian Missions 39 Assessed Value of Personal and Real Estate of LTnited States in 1860 40 Liabilities of the Confederate States 41 Cotton and Sugar crop of 1862 41 State Governments of the Confederate Str.tes 43 Population of the Confederate States and Territories. ....... 44 Rates of Postage in the Confederacy 44 Population of the principal cities in tlie Confederacy 40 Patent Office Report 4G Northern and Southern Commerce 47 Condition of the Banks in the South 49 Postmaster General's Report 51 Financial Condition of the Confederacy 52 State Finances — Louisiana, Alabama, Arkansas, etc 55 Statistics of Hogs 59 Railroads in the South GO Census of 1860 61 Cotton Supply and Consumption of Europe 62 Circuit Courts in the Confederacy, &c G3 Soipe of the Principal Colleges and Professional Schools, kc. 65 Diary of the War for Separation 66 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, Axn REPOSITOIiY OF USEFUL KIOWLFDGF, FOR THE YEAR 1863 II. O. 03L.A.R,Ii:E, VICKSBURG, MISS. ^x Ix Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1861, by H , C . C L A K E E , In the Clerk's office of the District Court of the Confederate States^ for the District of Mississippi, ■■ f > • P R E P^ A C E The seoond volume of the Confederate folates Almanac \< now offered to the people of the South. Tlie publisher is jjcrfectinfj arrangements that will insure the permanent issue of the work t3very year. The leading object of the publication will he to make it the repository of the largest i)ossible amount of -useful informa- tion, embracing every variety of knowledge. Annual statistics from all the States in the Confederacy, showing the progress in Population, Manufactures, Commerce, Wealth and all the elements of prospei'ity. The contents of this volume is not altogether per- fect, or full, in some details of statistics. ^ OM'ing to the state of affairs in the country, the compiler found it impossible to obtain full Reports from all the States. Of the in/ormation contained in this volume, great ])ains ha? been taken to make them as accurate as possible from the resources at hand. The lieports of the Departments of the Confederate Government have been taken from the latest official documents, and will be found interesting. The financial resources of individual States were taken from the last Reports. Much valuable information has been compiled from tlie United States census of 1860, which Avill be found ^xceedingly interesting at the present time. The Astronomical calculations, Arc, have been prepared by Thomas P. Ashmore, of Georgia. ' The calculations will be found full and accurate. In a work like this, designed to embrace so much variety of matter, there, is no doubt some errors. The compiler would be under obligations to the patrons of the work for any valuable hints, communications or correction of errors, or improvements in the Almanac. Address the publisher. ViCKsnuKfi. Miss. 1863 1863 THE ^auUAttuU States ALMANAC, AMD REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE, FOR 1863. Being the Third Year of the Independence of the Confederate States of America. ^UGUSTA, GA., VICKSBURG, MISS., K. O. cla.e,k:e, PCBLISHBR, 1863. Vol* QncL. ,1st Series- 1863 ALMANAC. 1863. SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC AND INFLUEITCK OT THE HOOK The Moon is supposed by some to have a special influence upon differ- ent parts of the bodies of men and animals, as it passes through the signs ol the Zodiac. The following cut is inserted for the sake of those who be- lieve in this imaginary influence, and is intended to represent the part of the body affected by the Moon when it is in any paiticular sign of the Zodiac. By finding the Moon's place in the proper column of the calendar pages, and comparing it with this cut, the particular part which is supposed to be afl'ected, will beat once seen. Thus, when the Moon is in Aries (fp), it is su|>pcsed to influence the head and face; when in Capricornus (V5) the knees, etc HP Governs the Face and Head. n Arms. Heart. Keins. Thighs. Legs. Neck, Breast Bowels Secrets V5' Knees. X Feet. NAMES AND CHARACTERS OF THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC. If"' Aries, the Ram. ^ Taurus, the Bull, n Gemini, the Twins. 9B Cancer, the Crab. ^ Leo, the Lion. TI3J Virgo, the Virgin. :£z Libra, the Balance. Tt]^ Scorpio, the Scorpion, f Sagittarius, the Archer. V5> Cap- ricornus, the Goat. CCi Aquarius, the Waternfan. K Pisces, the Fishes. CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES. Dominical Letter, D. Golden Number, 2 Kpact, (Moon's age,) Jan. Ist 11 Solar Cycle, 24 Roman Indiction, « 6 Julian Period 6576 MOVEABLE FEASTS OF THE CHURCH. Septuagesima Sunday, Feb. 1 Quin. or Shrove Sunday, Feb. 15 Aflh..Wednesday, Feb. 18 Palm Sunday, Mar. 29 Easter Sunday. April 5 Rogation Sunday, Ascension Day, Whit-Sunday, Advent SiHiday May 10 May U May 94 Not 39 1863— ALMAWAO 18WJ. 4 5 6 7 17 38. 24 36. 31 18. 1 0. 1 7 38 16. 37 lb. j at 2h. 36ra. A. M., ECIilPSES FOR 1863. The first will be of the Sun, on the 17th of May. at llh. 15m. A. M., inTisible in America. The second will be a total Eclipse of the Moon, on the lit day of June, partially visible, and is calculated to apparent time, as follaws : DAT. b'b. mi>. sic. The Eclipse begins on June - - •» - 1, Beffinning of total darkness »•---" End of total darkness .----•• The Moon will rise at Augusta - - - «• vvith 7 2-10 digits eclipsed on her Western limb. The Echpse will end --.---'' Duration of visibility " The third will be of the Sun, on the 11th of Nov. visible in America. The fourth will be of the Moon, on the 25th day of November, visible and nearly total throughout the continent of America, and is calculated to apparent tim^, as follows : DAT. H'B. MIM. SKO. Beginning at Augusta, Ga-, Nov. 25 1 57 14. "] Middle of Eclipse " 3 37 53. |g Ecliptic Opposition " 3 43 21. )■ . End of Eclipse " 5 18 3Q. \< Duration " 3 21 18. J Digits eclipsed 11 1-2, on the Moon's north limb. At the greatest obscuration, about 1-24 part of the Moon's diameter, will remain uneclipsed. EQUINOXES AND SOLSTICES. Vernal Equinox, '. (Spring begins) March 2Ist. Summer Solstice, (Sumj^er begins) June 2l8l. Autumnal Equinox, (Autumn begins). Sept. 23d. Winter Solstice, (Winter begins) Dec. 21st. ASPECTS OF THE PLANETS. The Planet Venus will be Evening Star till Septen/l)er 29th, then Morn- ing Star till the end of the year. Jupiter will be in opposition with the Sun, on the 12th of April, wheo h« will shine with hii greatest brilliancy. Saturn will be in opposition with the Sun, on the 20th of March, when he will be brightest. Mars will be too near the Sun to afford any favorable opportunity of view- ing him this year. THE TWELVE SIGNS OF • H E ZODIAC. Spring Signs, 1. K Pisct*. 2. T Arier. 3. « Taurus Summer Signs, 4. n Geminii 5. S Cancer. 6. ^ Leo. Autumn Sign? 7. ITP Virgo. 8. sfc Libra, 9. Tl^ Scorpio, Winter Sign*. .....10. i Sagitt'usU. V^ Capri'us. 12. 'z. Aquarius. The first six ar-< called Northern Signs, and the other six Southern Signs 1863— ALMAW1C--1863. TABLE OF THE PRINCIPAL BODIES JN THE SOLAR SYSTEM. Veloci- D»n«i- Mean Mean Di."*- RoTolu- RpToln- ty per Size— the ty- ^*«^l' NAMES. Diame- tance from tioHar'd tion on m. in Earth £arth Earth ter. the Sur^ the Sun. Axifl. orbit. being 1. b'ng 1 b'ng 1 Miles. Mile.4. yrs. days d. h. M. Miles. Thb Sun.. 883,246 3,224 25 9 59 1 5 "1,827 1,412,921,101 0,053 0.252 i.)20 Infin- Mercury.. 36,814,000 .... 88 6.680 Venus .... 7,687 68,787,000 .... 224 .. 23 21 1,338 0,909 0.923 1.911 The Earth 7,912 95,103,000 1 ... .. 23 56 1,138 1,000 J.OOO 1.000 The Moon 2,180 95,103,000 1 ... 27 7 43 38 0,020 0.615 1.000 Mars 4,189 144,908,000 1 321 1 37 921 0,125 0.948 0.431 Jupiter ... 80,170 494,797,000 11 215 .. 9 56 496 1,456,000 238 0,037 Saturn . . . 79,042 907,168,000 29 167 .. 10 29 368 771,000 0.138 aoil Uranus ... 35,112 1,824,290,000 84 6 1 13 33 259 89,000 0.242 0.003 Neptune.. 41,r,00 2,854,099,000 164 226 208 143,000 0,140 0.001 Note.— There ai e more than 1 ifty smal i Planets or Asleroids, between the orhit of Mars and Jupiter. MEAN AND APPARENT TIME. Mean Tim 2 is the time indicated by a well-regulated clock or watch run- uiiig without variation, so as to niBke the day, or 24 hours, equal to the Mean Time at which the Sun comes to the meridian during the year. Ap- parent Time is the time which makes the Sun come to the meridian every day at 12 o'clock. On accomit of the eliplicily of the earth's orbit, and its inclination to the equator, the sun does not always come to the merid- ian in exactly the same time ; and hence. Apparent Time is irregular, and either gradually falls behind Meap Time, or gains on it, sometimes to the amount of more than sixteea minutes. When the Sun comes to the merid- ian earlier than the Mean Time, it is said to be fast: but when it comes to it later, it is said to be slow ; aud the amount by which Apparent Time differs from Mean Time is called the Equation of Time. In order to set a timepiece according to Mean Time, it is necessary to have a dial, or noon mark ; aud allowance must be made for the Equation of Time. This Almanac is in Mean Tima. _ EXPLANATION OF THE SIGNS U SILD IN THIS ALMANAC. ^ New Mt)')T, and Moon generally, d First Quarter, O Eull Moon, > Last Quarter Q Moou's ascending node, or dragon's head. Q Moon* descending node, dr dragon's tail. In AroGEii— Moon farthest from the Earth In PKaroEE- ^^'foon nearest the eailh. ^ Highest — Moon fai theel Noiih ^ Lo\^ ost -Moon farthest S'uth. »? Saturn. ? Venus cJ near to rether. 2^ Tupiter. ^ Mercuiy D ^^0 deg. apart, § Oppo- sition Of 180 degrees apart $ Mars, 7* Stars, i^ Sun. ^ Herschel. Complete Court Calendari?, &c. for the States of Alabama and Tennessee, will b* inserted in orders of 10 gross and upwards from dealars ordering tor circulation in those states respectirely. Note. Any person solving ten of the Problems contained in this Alma- nac, and sending to me at Americus, Ga., by the 15th of May next, the cor- rect answers to the same, shall have the same acknowledged in the Almanac for 1864 A few original problems for 1864, are solicited. They mugt be thorough- ly solved and explained, in order to meet with attention T. P. ASHMORB. 1st Month,] JANUARY, 1863. [31 Day«^ /MOOivfS PHASES. D. H. M. Full Moon, 4 9 46 eve. 'Last Quarter J 2 1 43 eve. New Moon, 19 9 54 mo. 'First Quarter, 26 3 45 eve. PROBIiEMS. 1. What must be the diameter of a balloon, in order that it may ascend withj four persons, weighing each 160 pounds,! and the balloon and bag of pand weigh ing 60 pounds. p. D of M.! w I Sun I Sun Various Phenomena, [nsesisets H.M.'ir.M. Moon •5^ n &sts §3' I'Thur jNew Year's Day. 2 Cold{7 Frid :0 '" Perigee andl Satur ' C highe&t chilly weather 1 ^S. Princeton Battle, 1777.',7 Mon f Cloudy andl 6'Tues lEpiphauy. cold.'l 7; Wed i 7 8|Thur !Bat. N. Orleans, 1815. 7 9iFrid j Fair and frosty,! lOj Satur Aldebaran sou 9h 8m. 1 ll| S. iAla. & Fla. seced., '61.7 Now more jileasajit^^ 59j5 Richard II. killed, 149().:6 59 5 N. E. WindsfS 585 and manyS 58 5 ^ lowest dark 6 57 5 4 4 56; n 3:4 57^ 3*4 57 2d 3'4 57 2:4 58'^ 2 4 58 2'4 58 14 59 li4 59 ^fJ? 12'Mon 13jTues 14|Wed ISjThur lielFrid 0!5 0|5 njSatur Bat. Cowp.ens, 1781. 6 .575 ^18| S. , flying clouds. (^ ^(^.^ |l9iMon jCapella sou. 9h. 11m. 6 555 <2Q|Tuea t ^ tenters ox Geo sec '61,6 55 5 ]2llWed j High winds from^ ^^^ '22jThur iRigel sou. 8h. 48m. 6 54 5 I^SjFrid ! ^' ^y- and cold. 6 58 5 i24jSatur 'Augusta arsenal tak '61 6 5*^5 125: ^. ' - - - - ' J27,Tues i28JWed 29:Thur :?o}Frid !31|Satwr il 'At 2 4 5! 6:k 6 91 H. M. ~4~5 5 5 5t) rises 6 15 7 8 8 20 9 13 10 18 11 25 morn. 30 Higk tidei H. M. j 7 55 lOj 8 s: 9 .?! 9 45 10 26 2i 38 14i 47 1 40 2 5»0 8 46 4 4^. 5 30 6 31 sets. 1 24 2 2 i 46 3 471 21 30 16 2 i 6 ^0' 9 45; 7 34' 10 25! 351 n Cold and f\ 51 5 Sirius sou. lOh. Mm. ,65i5 >^b Cloudy,^ 50 5 iu| Perhaps snow 6 49j5 ll!n ProfF. C, Bond died 59.|6 48j5 lil d highest. , 16 4815 12125 or sleet, t" 4l\^ 131 9 t] 10 10 |11 8 Inborn. ' 7 1 8 2 2 2 56 5 5 1 1 45 Morn.f 28 3 40 IS 591 57 9 34 6 5- «d Month.] FEBRUARY, 18H3 |28 DAys.|| MOON'S PHASES. 2. If the mercury in a barometer, at| the bottom of a tower, be observed to D* H« M stand at 30 inches, and, on bemg carried^ to the top of it, be observed 29,9 inches,! Full Mocn 3 4 39 eve. what is the height of the tower? Last Quarter 11 1 51 mo. 3' Suppose a piece of marble contains New Moon 17 9 30 eve. 8 cubic feet, and weighs 1,353 J lbs., what is the specific gravity ? First Quarter 25 x9 16 mo.- D. D. Sun Sun '> Moon High tide 1 of oi Various Phenomena. rises sets IS ri. St. Savuunah.l M 1 W » s. 11. M. II. M. Ti II. M. H. M. Septuagesima S. 6 46 5 14 4 20 H 1| 2 Men. Purification B. V. Mary. 6 45 5 15 5 15 8 49: 3 Tue. Fair and frosty. 6 44 5 16 ^]i 5 47 9 32 4 Wed. [1780 6 44 5 16 rises. 10 9 5 Thu. Earthquake at Sicily, 6 43 5 17 ^ 8 30 10 431 6 Fri. Damp and 6 42 5 18 9 14 11 14! 7 Satu. Sirius sou. 9h. 25rH. 6 41 5 19 ia 10 25 li 46' 8 S. cloudy weather. 6 40 5 20 11 E 15! 9 Mon. 6 39 5 21 1 11 30 49! 10 Tue. Pro. Gov. Con.Slat.'61. 6 38 5 22 11 59 I 24I 11 Wed. Revolution in Domingo, 6 37 5 23 morn. 2 4l 12 Thu. d lowest. [1807. 30 5 24 V5' 36 2 53| 13 Fri Wind and 36 5 24 1 48 4 81 14 Sat. Valentines cold. 6 35 5 25 -xc 2 43 5 29! 15 S. Quiquag. Sun. 6 :'.4 5 26 3 36 6 47i 16 Mon. Melancthon born, 1497. 6 33 5 27 4 50 7 52l 17 Tue. Siriua south.s Hh. 50m. 32 5 28 K sets. 8 37! 18 Wed. Ash Wednesday. 6 31 5 29 7 30 9 22I 19 Thu. Sun enters K 6 :M) 5 30 ^ 8 41 10 2I 20 Fri Much cloudy. 6 -.iO 5 31 9 39 10 44 21 Sat. weather and 6 28 5 :^2 10 25 11 27! 22 S, Washington born, 1732. 6 27 5 33 « 10 49 morn. 23 Mon. some rai%. 6 26 5 34 11 20 16 24 Tue. St. Malhias. 6 25 5 >5 n 11 58 54 25 Wed. Now more 'pleasant. 6 24 5 :^.') morn. 1 41 26 Thu. d highest. 6 23 .= 7 qs 56 2 36 27 Frid. Procyon south 9h. 3m. 6 22 5 38 1 47 3 49 28 Satu. at the end of this month. 6 21 5 39 61 2 36 5 16 j(«d Month.] MARCH, 186S. [31 Dayi. MOON'S PHASES. 4. The diameter of a balloon is 3,665 D. H. M. feet, what weight isj it capable of raiisngt TuIIMoon i » 21 mo 5. What is the solidity in inehes of Last Quarter 13 15 eve New Moen 19 9 17 mo First Quarter 27 3 14 mo several fragments or clear glass, whose weight is 13 ounce*? DT D Sun jSun ^H Moon Hi«h rifle Sftvan'ak of of Various Phenomena. rises sets S " ri.tsts M W H.M. H.M. X PL. H. M. H. M. 1 A'. St. David. 6 20 5 40 3 35 6 40j 2 Men Procyou Sou. 9 h. 48 m. 6 19 5 41 w 4 6 7 43 a Tues Fair and frosty. 6 18 5 42 4 44 8 29 4 Wed Pollux Sou. 8 h. 44 m. 6 17 5 43 Z^ 5 19 9 10 5 Thur La Place died, 1827. 6 16 5 44 rises. 9 43 6 Frid Cloudy and damp. 6 15 5 45 ^ 7 7 10 17 7 Satur RegulusSou. 10 h. 56 m. 6 14 5 46 8 10 46 8 S. Cold winds. 6 13 5 47 8 53 11 17 9 Men RegulusSou. 10 h. 48m. 6 12 5 48 t 9 45 11 48 10 Tues from the N. W. 6 11 5 49 10 37 Ev.l8 ! 11 Wed D lowest. 6 10 5 50 \s 11 29 59 1 ^^ Thur 6 9 5 51 morn. 1 301 1 13 Frid J^ discovered 1781. 6 8 5 52 ceo 20 2 19' 3 24 14 Satur More mild. 6 7 5 53 1 10 15 S Jackson born. 1767. 6 6 5 54 1 57 4 51 16 Men Regulus sou. 10 h. 21m. 6 5 5 55 K 2 43 6 11 17 Tues St. Patrick. 6 4 5 56 3 27 7 18| 18 Wed Stormy and 6 3 5 57 np 4 9 8 8i 19 Thur unpleasant weather. 6 2 5 58 sets. 8 58 20 Frid b 8^ b rises 5 h.59m. 6 1 5 59 7 40 9 85 21 Satur Days aDd nights equal. 6 6 « 8 35 10 21 22 S. Fair and more 5 59 6 1 9 11 4 23 Mon Regulus sou. 9h. 58 m. 5 58 6 2 n 10 11 51 24 Tues pleasant. 5 57 6 3 10 45 Morn. 25 Wed Annunciation B. V. M. 5 58 6 4 11 25 34 26 Thur ^ highest. 5 55 6 5 s 11 59 1 21 vr Frid Cloudy and 5 54 6 6 morn 2 21 28 Satur War with Russia, '54. 5 53 6 7 a 40 3 2ff 4 54 29 s. Palm Sun. some ram. 5 52 6 8 1 35 80 Mon Regulus sou. 9h. 26m. 5 51 6 9 n 2 20 8 11 JL Tues Calhoun died, 1850. 5 50 6 10 3 45 7 \& 1th Month,] APRIL, 1863. [30 Days. MOON'S Full Moon Last Quarter New Moon First Quarter PHASES. D. H. M. 3 11 3 eve. 10 9 14 eve 17 i) 47 eve. 25 8 22 eve. 6 A miller has a head of water four feet above the sluice, how high must the water be raised above the opening so that half as much again water may be dis- charged from the sluice in the same time 1 M D. of W Various Phenomena. iVVed 2Thur 3Frid 4Satur 5 S 6JMon 7|Tues QjWed 9Thur lOFrid 15 16 17 18 )9 1 20 21 22 .23 (24 {25 26 27 28 29 30 Satiir S. Mon l4^Tue8 Wed Thur Frid Satur S. Mon Tues Wed Thur Frid Batu S. Men Tues Wed Thur Regulus sob. 9h. 18rn. Pleasant weather. Good Friday- for W. H. Harrisoi>d'd'41.! East. Sunday [planting. Easter Monday. d lowest. Rain with Thunder. Edward IV. died 1483. Bat. of Toulouse, 1814, Pittsburg burned, 1845. If <9 ^ 2| f ises 6h. 22m. Fort Sumter taken, '61. Embargo repealed 1314 Spica sou. llh. ^Dm. Warm for this Virginia seceded, 1861, Sun I Sun rises sets H.M. H.M. 3:2 5 33 month.]b 32 # cniers $ [near. d d ? at 2h 8m aft. veryp 30 Cloudy and d highest. windy, St. George. Brazil discoveredj 1500,' St. Mark. Fair and Spica sou. lOh. 56m. Arcturus sou. llh, 44ra. \^''olfe killed, 175». pleasant weather. Washington inaug. '89. 5149 5 48 5 47 5 46 5 45 5 44 5 43 5 42 5 41 o 40 5 39 TH. 6 11 6 12 6 13 6 14 6 15 6 16 6 171V5' 6 18 6 19 6 20| 6 21i 5 38 6 22 5 37 5 36 5 35 5 34 6 26 5 31 5 29 5 28 5 27 5 26 5 25 5 24 5 23 2 6 23 6 24 6 25^ 6 27 6 28 6 29 6 30 6 31 6 32 6 39 6 84 6 85 6 86 6 37 6 88 5 21|6 39 5 20;6 40 X T D fi W A oon ri&sts H. M. High tide SiivaiKiah H. 4 35 5 2 rises. 7 7 5^ 8 36 9 21 10 2(1 11 18 moT-n. 15 1 21 2 26 3 35 4 50 5 52 seta 7 30 8 18 9 9 42 10 31 11 14 11 58} morn. 40 1 31 2 22 3 11 4 8 4if 8 42 9 16 9 48 10 10 10 48 11 20 11 42 E. 27 1 8 1 57 2 58 4 18 5 33 6 43 7 37 8 29 9 11 9 59 10 47 11 32{4 Morn. 17 1 5 2 1 3 21 4 18 5 26 6 32 7 25| 5th Month,] MAY, 1863. [81 Days. MOON'S PHASES. D. H. M. Full Moon 3 9 43 mo. Last Quarter 10 5 10 mo. New Moon 17 11 15 mo. First Quarter 2$ 11 23 mo. 7. WAat is the velocity of water is suing from a head of water 5 feet deep? 8. What is the difference between the length of a pendulum, which vibratef half seconds, and one which swings 3 seconds ? D of W ItFrid 2 Satur Various Phenomena. i Sun; Sun Lq ^ Irises' sets § % H.M. H.M St. Philip 6i^ St. James.|5 20*6 40) War 771 anddry\5 19;6 41'^ 3 S. ITennessee seceded '61.(5 18:6 42| 4Mon Robert Grier died, '48.'5 17;6 43| 5 Tues [Moon lowest. Damp^^ 16:6 44 75* 6 Wed 'iHumboldt died '59. ^5 15;6 45 7 Thur 8 Frid ! and inucli^ 15 6 45 ' cloudy weather.^ l^^ 4:^ 11 21 9;Satur Arcturua 30u lOh 56m.'5 13,'6 47|x }11 59 lOj S. lllMon 5 12 6 48 'morn. Tues Wed Thur Frid Satur Mon i Rogation Sunday. Rain witlib 12,6 481 Antares sou Ih Om. ;5 llle 49 T thunder:^ 10;6 50 Ascension day. i5 Now ice may^ expect^ Sun eclipsed invisible. 5 a fine growing Tues Moon highest. 20 Wed ;Sun onterci n season. 5 21 Thur I till the cnd'p 22 Frid ! of thisp 23 Satur Irish rebellion com. '98. j5 24 S. IWhit Sunday. 5 25 Mon jWhit Monday, month.l^ 26 Tues I John Calvin died, 1564.15 27 Wed Fair'p 26 Thur ! and pleasant.^ 29|Fiid jGen. Putnam died, '90. |5 SOlSatur jAlex. Pope died, 1744. '5 3!l S, '.Trinity Sunday. 5 916 51 « j 3 36j 6 4 9^6 51 I 4 41! 7 6 8'6 52 \ 5 58| 8 1 7j6 53 n I sets. 8 51 7 6 53' 8 21 9 44 6|6 54J2S i 8 5l|l0 32 56 55: { 9 40 11 16 5^6 55-0, ilO 36'Morn. 4 6 56 46 56:n| 8J6 57i 3;6 57U jlO 501 11 3l| 2i6 58i 2:6 58| I'S 59;]1t 16 59j 0:7 o\t 0,7 Ol 11 58| morn.! 521 1 47 fjf.ll Month.] JUNE, 1863. [30 Days.f MOON'S PHASES. 9- I observed, that while a stone was falling from a precipice, a string, D. H. M. with a bullet at the end, whic^ measur- Full Moon 16 1 eve. ed 25 inches to the middle of the ball. Last Quarter 8 1 13 eve. had made five vibrations, what was the New Moon 16 1 54 mo. First Quarter 24 19 mo. height of the precipice! |D. D Sun Sun ,^^| Moon f ligh tide of of Various Phenomena. rises sets ri &sts 1 avannab M W H.M. H. M. a fa H. M. H. M. 1 Mon Moon eclipsed visible. 4 59 T 1 ys ises. 8 54 2 Tues Moon lowest. Pleasant 4 59 7 1 8 9 29 3 Wed Transit of ? in 1769. 4 58 7 2 /w 8 5( 10 7 4 Thur weather. 4 58 7 2 9 42 10 48 5 Frid Dr. Worcester died '21. 4 58 7 2 10 31 11 17 6 Satur Cloudy and some 4 57 7 3 K 11 22 11 56 7 S. Antares sou llh 13m. 4 57 7 3 11 50 E. 39 8 Mon Gen. Jackson died '45. 4 57 7 3 op Morn. 1 26 9 Tues S. L. Southard born '87. 4 57 7 3 43 2 19 !io Wed Victory at Bethel, 1861. 4 56 7 4 s 1 37 3 ^0 11 Thur St. Barnabas. rain. 4 56 7 4 2 25 4 30 12 Frid Warm 4 56 7 4 n 3 25 5 35 13 Satur and unpleasant. 4 56 7 4 4 35 6 43 14 S. Moon highest. 4 56 7 4 5 4(1 7 45 15 Mon Rain with thunder. 4 56 7 4 25 6 48 8 40 16 Tues Pres. Polk died, 1849. 4 55 7 5 sets. 9 32 |17 Wed Bat. Bunker Hill, 1775. 4 55 7 5 i\ 8 25 10 20 18 Thur Bat. Waterloo, 1815. 4 55 7 5 9 1 11 4 19 Frid More pleasant 4 55 7 5 W 9 50 11 4t; 20 Satur Q. Vict, crowned, '37. 4 55 7 5 10 20 Morn. 21 S. Sun ent. go. Longest day. 4 55 7 5 10 41 28 22 Mon Antares sou lOh 14m. 4 55 7 5 -^ 11 10 1 6 23 Tues Akenside died, 1772. 4 55 7 5 11 56 1 54 24 Wed St. John Baptist. 4 55 7 5 TTl Morn. 2 40 25 Thur Bish. Gadsden died, '52. 4 55 7 5 43 3 3 3 26 Frid Bat. Fort Moul. 1776. 4 55 7 5 ^ 1 31 4 39 27 Satur Monmouth Bat. 1778. 4 m 7 4 2 33 5 42 28 s. Warm and 4 66 7 4 3 41 6 44 29 Mon C lowest. St. Peter. 4 56 7 4 V5> 4 58 7 40 30 Tues dry weather. 4 56 7 4| ' 6 8 25 7th Month.] JULY, 1863. [31 Daysj| MOON'S PHASES. 10. There is a sluice, one end of| D. n. M. which ifl 2 1-2 feet lower tkan Ih© other,: Full Moon 1 1 6 mo. whut is the velocity of the stream perj Last Quarter f 10 17 eve. second ? • New Moon 15 5 3 eve. IL If a ball fall through a space of* First Quarter 23 10 58 mo. 484 feet in 5 1-2 seconds, with what ve- Full Moon 30 7 38 mo. locity will it strike t D. D 1 Sun: Sun „ j^- M«on,nu.htidJl of of Various Phenomena. risesisets 5 " ri.&sts Savannah M W H.M. H.M. yi om H. M. |H. M. 1 Wed Svltrt/ veaiher. 4 56,7 4 ' rises. 9 7 2 Thur VI*.. of B. V. .Mary. 4 56 7 4 8 31 9 46 3 Frid Fo.t Krie taken, 1814. 4 57i7 3 9 21 10 26 4 Satur U. S. Dec. Indei)en.'76. 4 57,7 3 X 10 2 11 3 5 S. Bat. Che;it Mouut, '61. 4 58j7 2 10 54 11 42 6 Mon Kaiii villi loud 4 58}7 2 11 46 E. 24' 7 Tues thunder and 4 58i7 2 cp morn. 1 8' S Wed Antares sou 9h V2m. 4 58 7 2 32 1 57 9 Thur Pres. Taylor died 1850. 4 597 1 8 1 25 2 54 10 Frid Columbus born, 1 447. 159 7 1 2 17 4 0, 111 Satur J.Q. Adams born, 1767. 4 5!) 7 1 3 21 5 151 |12 S. Hull invad. Canada,'12. 5 7 n 4 fi 3o; 13 Mon vivid lightning. 5 7 4 38 7 37 14 Tues Moon highe^t. 5 1 6 59 25 5 8 33 15 Wed Antares sou 8h 4 4m. 5 1 6 59 sets. 9 23,' 16 Thur Hegira begins 622. 5 2 6 58 a 7 38 10 8 17 Frid Elbridge Gerrvb. 1739. 5 2 6 58 8 26 10 48 18 Satur Bat. Bull Run,' 1861. 5 3 6 57 w 9 15 11 24r 19 S Congress met at Rich'd 5 3 6 57 10 11 59, 20 Mon Vega sou lOh 3^Mn. ['61 5 4 6 56 -2- 10 48 Morn.; 21 Tues Bat. Manassas 1861. 5 5 6 55 11 21 36 22 Wed Sun enters ol. 5 5 6 55 ni 11 59 1 13 23 Thur Warm 5 6 6 54 morn. 1 53 24 Frid and 5 6 6 54 t 48 2 34j 3 35' 25 Satur St. James. dry 5 - 6 53 1 38 26 S. St. Anne t&eather. 5 8 6 52 2 40 4 49, 27 Mon Moon lowest. 5 8 6 52 V? 3 44 6 2, 28 Tues Dog days begin. 5 9 6 51 4 56 7 s; 29 Wed Rainy and 5 10 6 50 ^ 6 8 i: 30 Thur stormy. 5 U 6 49 rises. 8 45 31 Frid Fomalhaut sou 2h 13m.; 5 11 H 49 X 8 21 9 20; 8th Month,] \UGt]ST 1863. [31 Days. MOON'S PHASES. D. M. M LaBt Quarter 6 9 28 mo. New Moon 14 8 27 mo. First Quarter 21 8 12 eve. Full Moon 28 3 19 eve. 12. If a ball strike the ground with a velocity ol" 56 feet per second, from what height did if fall ! 13. In what time will a musket ball, dropped from the top of a steeple 484 feet high, come to the ground? D of W 23 25 1*9 30 31 Satur S, Men Tu^s Wed Thur Frid Satur Moil Tues Wed Thur Frid Satur S, Mon Tues Various Phenomena. bun irises III. M. Laminae Day. 5 12 6 48 Sweltry weather. 5 13 6 47 Burr's trial com. 1807.5 13 6 47^0 Brovvnstown Bat. 1812.5 14 6 4f. Fomalhaut sou Ih 53m. 5 15 6 45 ^ Bat. Hang. Rock, 1780 5 16 6 44j Rain and thunders^ 17j6 43 Cloudy andy) 17J6 431 n Bat. Oak Hill, 1861. [5 is'e 42 Moon highest. windy\?> 19 6 41 weather, \b 20! 6 40 George IV. born, 1762. 5 2l!6 39 feun sets H.M. Hi'h Tide Moon ri Ac fets 5;arannah H. M.' H. M 19 Wed Thur Frid 22 Satur S. 24iMon Tues 26jWed 27 Thur 28 Frid Satur Mon Now we may Altair sou lOh 9m. Bonaparte born, 1769 Bat. at Camden, 1780. I expect a heavy Altair sou 9h 53m. storm of wind and Bat. in Mexico, 1847. Wm. IV. born, 1765. # enters TTj^. rain. ^ lowest, [from N. E. ? brightest ir* th^ ere. Bp. Bowon di(Kl 1S39. Dr. Adam Clark d. '32. Fair and mild, Hatteras taken 1861. St. John Bap. beheaded Paley born, 1743. Buayan died, 1688. 5 2216 38 5 22,6 38 5 23 5 24 5 25 5 26 5 27 6 37 6 36 6 35 6 34 6 33 5 28 6 32 5 296 31 3 30 5 31 6 30 6 29 22 a n ^11 V5' 9 lOlU 9 5710 10 47.11 23 11 2i;Even.5 11 541 Morn. 4l! 36! lOi 9 Sets, j 9 8 i:io 8 50!]0 9 3111 47 36 2- 36 58 20 30 23 10 50 25 59 32 10 22 Morn. 32i6 28 5 33 6 27 > 34j(» 2/5 ') 35 5 36 5 37 5 38 K 6 -.24 6 23 6 22iT 5 39'/3 21) 11 10 11 50 Morn. 40 1 n 2 21 3 25 4 15 5 16 Ri»es.| 7 3ll 8 15j 9 o| if 1 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 9 10 16 36 12 51 44 57 17 32 31 18 2 41 20 mh Month,] SEPTEMBER, 1863. [30 Days| MOON'S PHASES. 1 4. If the attraction of the moon raise D. n. M. a tide on the earth fire feet high, what || Last Quarter 4 11 13 eve. will be the height of a tide, rai»ed by the [ New Moon 12 11 29 eve. earth on the surface of the moon, under ' First Quarter 20 4 41 mo. similar circumstances. Full Moon 27 32 mo. I). D. 1 Sun Sun « ^. MoonjU- Tide of of } Various Phenomena. rises sets ||ri^sts& M w 1 H.M. H.M. * ^\i\. m.'h. m. 1 Tues j Fair and warm. 5 39 6Tl 9 40 il 2 Wed London burn'd, 1666. 5 40 6 20 b 10 20 11 44 3 Thur Cloudy, and some 5 41 6 19 11 10 ev. 27 4 Frid Altair S. 8 h'rs 46 min. 5 42 6 18 n morn. 1 15 5 Satur : Dog-days end. rain 5 43 6 17 2 2 9 6 S. ; Lafayette, born, 1757. 5 44 6 16 1 58 3 20 7 Mon 1 D highest. ivith ihun- 5 45 6 15 gs 1 43 4 46 8 Tues ' Bat. Eutaw, 1781. dcr. 5 46 6 14 2 56 6 10 9 Wed i Fomalhautsou.llh32m 5 47 6 13 a 3 2 7 18 10 Thur \ Bat. Lake Erie, 1813. 5 48 6 12 4 15 8 S' 11 Frid I Cloudy and 5 49 6 11 TTV 5 25 8 49| 12 Satur ' damp. 5 50 6 10 sets. 1 9 25 13 S. Donati's Comet, 1858. 5 51 6 9 - j 7 OJ 9 59| 14 Mon Moscow burned, 1812. 5 52 6 8 7 54'l0 30 l5|Tues Surren. of N. Y., 1776. 5 53 6 7 TT|. 8 43!ll 11 10 Wed Fomalhautsou. llh 4m, 5 54 6 6 ■ 9 3111 32i 17 Thur Changeable and 5 55 6 5 t 10 20 morn. 18 Frid unsettled weather. 5 56 6 4 11 5 16 19 Satur Moon lowest. 5 57 6 3 V^ 11 56 36| 20 S. Stormy and boisterous. 5 58 6 2 morn. \ 16 21 Mon St. Matthew. 5 59 6 1 ^ 43 2 5 22 Tues Weather may now 6 6 1 32 3 lot 23 Wed Sun enters ^. Days and 6 1 5 59 j 2 37 4 36 24 Thur [nights equal. 6 2 5 58 iK 3 46 5 54 25 Frid Fomalhaut sou. lOh 29m 13 3 is 57 ! 1 4 28 7 1 26 Satur be expected fair. 6 4 5 56 ;T 5 29 7 491 27 S. Artie lost, 1854. 6 5 o 55 ! rises. 8 33j 28 Mon Detroit -retaken, 1813. 6 6 5 54 i 7 21 9 VI 29 Tues ? d Sun Inferior. 6 7 5 53 1 8 10 9 55 30 Wed Tp c5 Sun. St. Jerome. C 8 5 52 9 i 10 40 10th Month.] OCTOBER, 1863. [31 Daysj MOON'S PHASES. 15. Suppose a vessel 3 feet wide, 5 feet D. H. M. ,Last Quarter 4 3 27 eve. New Moon 12 1 27 eve. long and 4 feet high, what ii the perpen- dicular pressure on the bottom, it beiug filled with water to the brim ? First Quarter 19 1 34 eve. Full Moon 26 31 eve. D. D 1 Sun 1 Sun!^ 1 Moon |sets.§|;ri &sts Higk tide of of Various Phenomena, [rises Sftvaunah iM. W Jh. m. H.M. a H. M. H. 91. i"l Thur H 6 '^ Cloudy and 6 9 5 51 n 9 56 11 24 1 2|Frid Major Andre exe. 1780. 6 10 5 50 10 43 E. 11 ' 3 jSatur damp weather 16 11 5 49 11 36 58 ' 4 I S. d highe.^t. 6 12 5 48 26 morn. 1 55 i 5 Mon JBrainard died, 1747. 6 13 5 4:7 21 3 4 I 6 Tues !Fomalhaut sou 9h 46m. 6 14 5 46 a 1 15 4 27 i 7 Wed Bat King s Mount. '80. 6 15 5 45 2 14 5 49 ■ 8 Thur Cool nights and 6 15 5 45 n 3 12 6 55 1 9 Frid Battle Schleitz, 1806. 6 16 5 44 4 8 7 44 10 Satur mornings. 6 17 5 43|-- 4 59 8 25 11 S, Bahamas discov'd 1492. 6 18 5 42 5 48 8 69 12 Mon Fair and 6 19 5 41 ^ sets. 9 32 13 Tues mUd weather^ 6 20 5 40 6 21 10 3 14 Wed Fomalhaut sou 9h 14m. 6 21 5 39 / 7 22 10 34 15 Thur Bank Panic, 1857. 6 22 5 38 8 28 11 6 16 Frid Raining and 6 23 ^> 37 V5 9 86 11 37 17 Satur Burgoyne surrend 1777. 6 24 5 36 10 42 Morn. 18 S, St. Luke. stormy. 6 25 5 35 11 50 16 19 Mon Cornwallis sur 1781. 6 26 5 34 A(V morn. 50 20 Tues Windy and cool. <>, 27 5 33 42 1 35 21 Wed Fomalhjiut sou 8h 47m. 6 28 5 32 K 1 36 2 34 22 Thur Now we may expect 6 29 5 31 2 39 3 53 23 Frid % enters U[. 6 30 5 30 3 21 •> 9 24 Satur frost. 6 31 5 29 T 1 4 28 6 21 25 S, 7 He sou Ih 23m. 6 32i 5 28 j 5 41 7 16 26 Mon Changeahle and 6 33 5 27 « rises. 8 4 27 Tues Fomalhaut sou 8h 23m. 6 34 5 26 7 1 8 49J 28 Wed JSt. Sim. and St. Jude. 6 35 5 25 7 58 9 35 29 Thur unset1led.\ 6 36 5 24 n 8 42 10 21 30 Frid (J highest. 1 6 37 5 23 9 31 11 7 |31 Satur U 6% weuther.l 6 38 5 22 2S 10 14 11 54 ^llth Month.] NOVEMBER, 1863. [30 Days.,] MOON'S PHASES. 15. With what velocity will an iron n u sr ball begin to descend, if raised 3,000 D> Hi M. Last Quarter 3 9 28 mo. miles above the earth's iurface ? New Moon 11 2 36 mo- 17. How high must a ball be raised, | First Quarter 17 11 29 eve. to lose half its weight? Full Moon 25 3 29 mo. 1 D. ~D1 Sun Sun„ .jMoon|H.Tid«i of of Various Phenomena. rises . ^w' • . SAVAN-I sets;|ojri&;«ts nah. ' M W H.M. H.M.'g^jH. M.H. M. 1 s. All Saint's day. 6l^ 5 21 jll 5 eve. 45! 2 Mon All Souls' day. 6 40 5 20 11 57; 1 38i 3 Tues Fair and Cool. 6 40 5 20 morn. 2 38' 4 Wed ? brightest in the morn. 6 41 5 19 43 3 5^ 5 Thur Gunpowder plot, 1605. 6 42 5 18TT5 1 37 5 6, 6 Frid Leonard. Cloudy 6 43 5 17 2 36 6 15 7 Satur Bat. Belmont, 1861. 6 44 5 16 ./^. :i 34 7 11 8 S. Transit of ^, 1848. 6 45 5 15 4 31 7 54 9 Mon and Damp. 6 46 5 14 in. 5 21 8 33 10 Tues Milton died, 1674. 6 46 5 14 6 2 9 8 11 Wed ^ Eclipsed, invisible. 6 47 5 13 t sets. 9 42; 12 Thur Frosty and 6 48 5 12 6. 31 10 13, 13 Frid Moon lowest. Fair. 6 49 5 11 ^ 7 39,10 4511 14 Satur Chas. Carroll d., 1832. 6 49 5 11 8 36 11 18i 15 -S. Witherspoon d., 1794. 6 50 5 10 A»» 9 51 11 52| 16 Mon Tea dest'd Boston, 1773 6 51 5 9 10 59jmorn. II 17 Tues 7 Stars sou. Ilh49m. 6 52 5 8 morn. 311 18 Wed Windy^ and a Cold, 6 52 5 8 K 8 1 15| 19 Thur 7 Stars sou. llh 41m. 6 53 5 7 1 10 2 7| 20 Frid Rain may he expected. 6 54 5 6 T 2 21 3 9; |21 Satur Sun enters t 6 54 5 6 3 36 4 25| 22 S. Fair, aniG 55 5 5 4 48 5 35 123 Mon Bomb. Ft. Pickens, '61.|6 56 5 4 « 5 35 6 42 24 Tues Cold Wi7ids.\6 56 5 4 6 25 7 38 |25 Wed Moon Eclipsed, visible. 6 57 5 3 n rises. 8 27 !26 Thur Q. Isabella died, 1504. ;6 58 5 2 6 10| 9 191 7 010 9! !27 Frid Moon highest. J6 58 5 2 25 28 Satur Cloudy Wea.ther.i6 59 5 1 7 66;10 57 29 S Advent Sunday. 6 59 5 1 8 43 11 4a 30 ■i Mon St. Andrew's Day. * 7 5 a 9 39 eve.29| ^^^^ 1 12th Month.] DECEMBER , 1863. [31 Days. ^ MOON'S PHASES. 1 18. If ?-o Umiwre in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall^exeroise the office of President of the Confederate States. 6. The Senate shall have the sole pov/er to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the Confederate States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside ; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two thirds of the members present. 7. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor or profit, under the Confederate States ; but the party convicted shall, nevertheless, be liable and subject to in-* dictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to law. AlfD REPOSITOPwY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGU. lO BECTIOX IV. 1. The time, place, and manner of lioldinii; elections for Sena- tors and Representatives shall l)e prescribed in each State by the. Legislature thereof, subject to the provisions of this Constitution: but the Congress may, at any time, l)y law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the times and places of choosing Sen- ators. 2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the tirst Monday in December, unless they shall, bylaw, appoint a dittVrent day. SECTION V. L Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent inembers, in sucli manner, and under such penalties as each House may provide. 2. Each House may determine the rule of its proceedings, pun- ish its members for disorderly behavior, and with tlic concurrence of two-thirds of the whole number, expel a member. 3. Each House shall keep a Journal of it5 proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment, require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the member's of either House, on any question, shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. 4.' Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall bo sitting. SECTION' VI. 1. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensa- tion for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the Confederate States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same ; and for any speech, or debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other place. 2. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he Avas elected, be appointed to any civil oflice under the authority of the Confederate States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time ; and no person holding any office under the Confederate States shall bo a member of either House during his continuance in office. But 20 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, Congress mny, by law, grant to the i)rincipal ofiicer in each of the Executive Departments a seat npon the floor of cither House, with the privilege of discnssiiig any mensiires appertaining to his de- ])avtment. SKCTIO^' Vil. 1. All bills ibr raising revenne shall originate iu tlie llonse of Kepresentatives ; but the Senate may projjose or oononr with amendments, as on other bills. 2. Every bill which shall ha^•c passed both' Houses, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the Confederate States ; if he approve, he shall sign it ; but if ^ not, he shall return i(^ with his objections, to the House in which it. shall have origi- nated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journals, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two- thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other House, by'which it shall likewise be reconsidered ; and if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become a law. But in all such cases, the votes of botli Houses shall befdetermined by yeas and nays, and the persons voting ibr or against tlie bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House, respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President v.'ithin ten days (Sundays excepted) after it sliall have been pre- sented to him, the same sliall be a law in like manner as if be had signed it, unless the Congress, shall by their adjournment, prevent its return ; in which case it shall not be a law. The President may approve any appropriation, and disapprove any other appro- priation in the same bill. In such case, he shall, in signing the bill, designate the appropriations disapproved ; and shall return a copy of such appropriations, with his objections, to the House in which the bill sliall have originated, and the same proceedings shall then be had as in case of other bills disapproved by the Pre- sident. 8. Every order, resolution or vote, to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary (except on a question of adjourn- ment) shall be presented to the President of the Confederate States ; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him ; or being disapproved by him may be repassed by two-thirds of both Houses, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in case of a bill. SECTION vnr. The Congress shall have power — 1. To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts aiid excises, for re v- nue necessary to pay the debts, provide for the common defence, and carry on the Government of the Confederate States; but no bounties shall be granted from the treasury ; nor shall any duties, AKD REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 21 or taxes on importations from foreign nations be laid to promote or foster any branch of industry ; and all duties, imposts and ex- cises shall be uniform throughout the Confederate States : 2. To borrow money on the credit of the Confederate States : 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes ; but neither this, nor any other clause contained in the Constitution shall ever be con- strued to delegate the power to Congress to appropriate money for any internal improvement intended to facilitate commerce, except for the purpose of furnishing lights, beacons and buoys, and other aids to navigation upon the coast, and the improvement of har- bors-, and the removing of obstructions in river Yiavigation, in all which cases, such duties shall be laid on the navigation facilita- ted thereby, as may be necessary to pay the costs and expenses thereof: 4. To establish uniform laws of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies, throughout the Confederate States ; but no law of Congress shall discharge any debt contracted before the passage of the same : 5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures : 6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the Confederate States : 7. To establish post offices and post routes ; but the expenses of the Postoffice Department, after the first day of March, in the year of our Lord, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, shall be paid out of its own revenues : 8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by secur- ing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries : 9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court : 10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations : 11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water : 12. To raise and support armies ; but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years : 13. To provide and maintain a navy : 14. To make rules for government and the regulation of the land and naval forces : 15. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Confederate States, suppress insurrections and repel inva- sions : 16. To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the mili- tia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the Confederate States ; reserving to the States, respectively, the appointment of the ofl&cers, and the authority of 22 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Con- gress : 17. To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, bj cession of one or more States, and tlie acceptance. of Congress, be- come th^ seat of the Government of the Confederate States ; and to exercise like authority over all the places purchased by the con- sent of the legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings ; and 18. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the Confederalre States, or in any department or office thereof. SECTION IX. 1. The importation of negroes of the African race, from any for- eign country, other than the slaveholding States or Territories of the United States of America, is hereby forbidden ; and Congress is required to pass such laws as shall effectually prevent the same : 2. Congress shall also have power to prohibit the introduction of slaves from any State not a member of, or Territory not belong- ing to, this Confederacy. 3. The privilege of the writ of hrbeas corpus shall not be sus- pended, unless when, in cases of rebellion, or invasion, the public safety may require it. 4. 'No bill of attainder, or ex post facto law, or law denying or impairing the right of property in negro slaves, shall be passed. 5. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in pro- portion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. 6. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State, except by a vote of two-thirds of both Houses. 7. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another. 8. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in conse- quence of appropriations made by law, and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. 9. Congress shall appropriate no money from the Treasury, ex- cept by a vote of two-thirds of both houses, taken by yeas and nays, unless it be asked and estimated for by some one of the heads of the Department, and submitted to Congress by the President; or for the purpose of paying its own expenses and contingencies ; or for the payment of claims against the Confederate States, the justice of which shall have been judicially declared by a tribunal for AND KEPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 23 the investigation of claims against the Government, vrhich it i«i hereby made the duty of Congress to establish. 10. All bills appropriating money shall specify in Federal cur- rency the exact amount of each appropriation, and the purposes for which it is made; and Congress shall grant no extra compensation to any public contractor, otficer, agent or servant, after such con- tract shall have been made, or such service rendered. 11. No title of nobility shall be granted by the Confederate States ; and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emoluments, office, or titles of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or iforeign State. 12. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the Government for a redress of grievances. 13. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. 14. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, but lu a manner to be prescribed by law, 15. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and eftects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated ; and no warrant shall issue but upon proba- ble cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly de- scribing the place to be searched, and the person cr things to be seized. 16. No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war or public danger: nor shall any person be subject for the same olfenco to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law ; nor shall privata property be taken for public use, without just compensation. 17. In .sll criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation ; to be con- fronted with the witnesses against him ; to have compulsory pro- cess for obtaining witnesses in his favor ; and to have the assist- ance of counsel for his defence. 18. In suits at common law where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be pre- 24 THE CONFEDEEATE STATES ALMAKAC, served ; and no fact so tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-exam- ined in any court of the Confederacy, than according to the rules of the common law. 19. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines be imposed, nor cri>el and unjust punishments be inflicted. 20. Every law, or resolution having the force of law, shall relate to but one subjer.t, and that shall be expressed in the title. SECTION X. 1. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confedera- tion: grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money, make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts ; pass any bill of attainder, or ex post jacto law^ or law impairing the obligation of contracts ; or grant any title of nobility. 2. No state shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts, or duties on imposts or exports, except what may be ab- solutely necessary for executing its inspection laws ; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the treasury of the Confederate States ; nnd all such laws shall be subject to the revision and con- trol of (\ ingress. 3. JSTo state shall, without the consent of Congress lay any duty of tonnage, except on sea-going vessels, for the improvement of its rivers and harbors navigated by the said vessels ; but such duties shall not conflict with any treaties of the Confederate States with foreign nations ; and any surplus or revenue thus derived, shall, after making such improvements, be paid into the common treasu- ry ; nor shall any State keep troops or ships of Avar in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. But when any river divides or flows through two or more States, they may enter into compacts with each other to improve the navigation thereof. ARICLE II. SECTION I. 1. The executive power shall be vested in a President of the Confederate States of America. He and the Vice-President shall hold their oflSces for the term of six years ; but the President shall not be re-eligible. The President and Vice-President shall be elected as follows : 2. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors equal to the whole num- ber of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress ; but no Senator or Representative, or AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 25 person holding an office of trust or profit under the Confederate States shall be appointed an elector. 3. The electors shell meet in their respective States and vote fey- ballot for President and Vice-Prefeident, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves ; they shall name in their ballots the persons voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify, and trans- mit, sealed, to the government of the Confederate States, directed to the President of the Senate ; the President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the vote shall then be counted ; the per- ^ son having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed : and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Represen- tatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the vote shajl be taken by States, the representation from eacl! State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President, whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of Marcli next following, then the Vice-Presi- dent shall act as President, as in case of the death or other Con- stitutional disability of the President. 4. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice- President shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majori- ty of the whole number of electors appointed , and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list of the Senate shall choose the Vice-President ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Sena- tors, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. 5. No person constitutionally ineligible to the office of Presi- dent shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the Confederate States. 6. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the elec- tors, and the day on which they shall give their votes ; which day shall be the same throughout the Confederate States. 7. No person except a natural born citizen of the Confederate States, or a citizen thereof, at the time of the adoption of the Con- stitution, or a citizen thereof born in the United States prior to the 20th of December, 1860, shall be eligible to the office of Pre- sident ; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall 26 THE OONTEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, not have attained the age of thirty -five years, and been fourteen, years a resident within the limits of the Confederate States, as they may exist at the time of his election. 8. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President ; and the Congress may, by law, provide for the case of removal, death, resignation or inability, both of the President and Vice- President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly until the disability be removed or a President shall be elected. 9. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected : and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the Confederate States, or any of them. . 10. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation : "I do solemnly swear — or affirm — that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the Confederate States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution thereof." . SECTION II. 1. The President shall be Commander-in-Chief of the army and navy of the Confederate States, and of the militia of the several States, when called into the actual service of the Confederate States ; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the Executive Departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices ; and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the Con- federate States, except in cases of impeachment. 2. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur , and he shall nominate, and by and with the ad- vice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassaders, other public ministers and consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the Confederate States, whose ai)pointmcnts are not herein otherwise provided^or, and which shall be established by law ; but the Congress may, by law, vest the appointment of- such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the heads of Departments. is. The principal in each of the Executive Departments, and all persons connected with the diplomatic service, may be removed from office at the pleasure of the President. All other civil offi- cers of the Executive Department may be removed at any time by tl^e President, or other appointing power, when their services are AND EEPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. • .27 unnecessary, or for dishonesty, incapacity, inefficiency, miscon- duct, or neglect of duty ; and when so removed, the removal shall be reported to the Senate, together with the reasons therefor. 4. The President shall have power to fill all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session ; but no person rejected by the Senate shall be re-appointed to the same office during their ensuing recess. SECTION III. 1. The President shall, from time to time, give to the Congress information of the state of the Confederacy, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convcLC both Houses, or either of them ; and in case of disngreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive am- bassadors and other public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all tlic officers of the Confederate States. SECTION IV. 1. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the Confederate States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of treason, ])ribery, or other higli crimes and misdemeanors. ARTICLE III. SECTION I. 1. The judicial power of the Confederate States shall be vested in one Superior Court, and in such Inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time order and establish. The judges, both of the Superior and Inferior Courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for the services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their con- tinuance in office. SECTION II. 1. The judicial power shall extend to all cases arie^ing under this Constitution, the laws of the Confederate States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls ; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the Confederate States shaU be a party: to controversies between two or more States ; between a State and citizens of 2g THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, anotlier State, where the State is plaintiff; hetween citizens claiming lands under grants from different States ; and between the State or the citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens or subjects; but no State shall be sued by a citizen or subject of any- foreign State. 2. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consults, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all other cases before- mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appelate jurisdiction, both as to law and facts, with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. 3. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury, and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crime shall have been committed ; but when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed. SECTION HI. 1. Treason agaiiist the Confederate States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to tlie same overt act, or on confession in open court. 2. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted. ARTICLE IV. SECTION I. 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the pub- lic acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which the such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and tl^e effect thereof. SECTION II. 1. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privi- leges an4 immunities of citizens in the several States, and shall have the right of transit and sojourn in any State of the Confede- racy, with their slaves and other property ; and the right of prp: perty in said slaves shall not be thereby impaired. ■ 2. A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or othcji; crime against the laws of such State, shall, on the demand of the Executive authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crune. 3. No slave, or other person held to service or labor, in any AND REPOSITORY OF USt:FUL "KrNTOWLEDGE. . 20 State or Torritdry of the Confederate States, under the laws there- of, escaping or lawfully carried into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor; but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such slave belongs, or to whom such labor or service may be due. SECTION III. 1. Other States may be admitted into tliis Confederacy by a vote of two-thirds of the whole House of Representatives, and two- thirds of the Senate, the Senate voting by States; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State ; nor any State bo formed by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the consent of the Legis- latures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress. 2. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations concerning the property of the Con- federate States, including the lands thereof. 3. The Confederate States may acquire new territory ; and Con- gress shall have power to legislate and provide governments for the inhabitants of all territory belonging to the Confederate States, lying without the limits of the several States ; and may permi u them, at such times, and in such manner, as it may by law provide, to form States to be admitted into the Confederacy. In all such territory, the institution of negro slavery, as it now exists in the Confederate States, shall be recognized and protected by Congress, and by the Territorial Government ; and the inhabitants of the several Confederate States and Territories shall have the right to take to such Territory any slaves, lawfully held by them in any of the States or Territories of the Confederate States. 4. The Confederate States shall guarantee to every State that is or hereafter may become a member of this Confederacy, a republi- can form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion ; and on application of the Legislature, (or of the Executive, when the Legislature is in session,) against domestic violence. ARTICLE V. SECTION I. 1. Upon the demand of any three States, legally assembled in their several conventions, the Congress shall summon a convention of all the States, to take into consideration such amendments to the Constitution as the said States all concur in suggesting at the time when the said demandris made; and should any of the pro- posed amendments to the Constitution be agreed on by the said convention — voting by States — and the same be ratified by the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, or'by conventions 30 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, in two-tbirdg thereof — as the one or the other mode of ratilicutiou may be proposed by the general convention — they shall thence- forward form a part of this Constitntion. But no State shall, without its consent, be deprived of its equal representation in the Senate. ARTICLE YL 1. The Government established b^ this Constitution is the suc- cessor of the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America, and all the laws passed by the latter shall continue in force until the same shall be repealed or modified; and all the officers appointed by the same shall remain in office until their successors are appointed and qualified, or the offices abolished. 2. All debts contracted, and engagements entered into, before the adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the Con- federate States under this Constitution as under the Provisional Government. 3. This Constitution, and the laws of the Confederate States, made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the Confederate States, shall be the supreme law of the land ; and the judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. 4. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of the Confederate States and of the several States, shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Con- stitution ; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualifi- cation to any office of public trust under the Confederate States, 5. The enumeration, in the Constitution^ of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people of the several States. 6. The powers not delegated to the Confederate States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people thereof. ARTICLE VII. 1. The ratification of the Convention of five States shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between tlie States so ratifying the same. 2. "When five States shall have ratified this Constitution in the manner before specified, the Congress under the Provisional Con- stitutional shall prescribe the time for holding the election of President and Vice-President, and for the meeting of the Electoral College, and for counting the votes, and inaugurating the Presi- dent. They shall, also, prescribe the time for holding the first election of members of Congress under this Constitution, and the AKD REPOSITOKY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 31 time for assembling the same. Until the assembling of such Congre'^s the Congress under the provisional constitution shall continue to ex- ercise the legislative powers granted them ; not extending beyond the tmie limited by the Constitution of the Provisional Govern- ment. Adopted, unanimously, March 11, 18G1. CONFEDERATE STATES. The organization of the Confederate States Government com- menced under a Provisional (Constitution on the 8th day of Feb- ruary, 1861, an(^ expired on the 18th ermanent Constitution took i)lace on tlie Oth day of N"ovember 1861, in each State of the Confederacy. ' Tothl number of States vol ing 2 j^ Total number of electoral votes cast. ■' V.V.'ioo Of which num])er Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, received 'for tlie office of President of the Confederate States 100 Alexander IL Stephens, of Georgia, received for the office of Vice-President of the Confederate States lOO The number of electoral votes cast by the several States is as follows ; Reiyresc^tu'tioh in Congress. Vote)*. Virginia.-... 10 lg North Carolina ^\() 12 Soutli Carolina ] w g <^eorgia '..".!.'.'.'! 10 12 Florida 9 ^ Alabama <» 1 1 Louisiana f, g ^'exas.' V.V .*.'.'.".'.*.; 6 8 Arkansas 4 Mississippi >j cj Tennessee 1 1 fo 87 109 32 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, HALARIEvS OF THE EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. President , . $25,000 per year' Vice President 6,000 " Secretary of State ". 6,000 " " Treasury 6,000 " War 6,000 " '• Navy 6,000 " Attorney-General , 6,000 " Postmaster-General 6,000 '' The salary of members of Congress shall be eight dollars per day during the session. Each member shall be allowed ten cents per mile for coming to, and ten cents for returning from, the place where Congress may assemble for each session. The salary of the President of Congress shall be sixteen dollars per day, and the mileage as same as members. The President and Vice-President are elected for a term of six years, and are not re-eligible to office. The Senate is composed of two members from each State in the Confederacy, chosen by the Legislatures of each State, for six years. The Senate is divided into three classes, and one-third of their number are chosen every two years. The members of the House of Representatives are elected by the people for a term of two years. Congress assem- ])les once in every year, commencing on the 18th day of February. GOVERNMENT OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES. Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, President. Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, Vice-President. THE CABINET. J. P. Benjamin, of Louisiana, Secretary of State. C. G. Memminger, of South Carolina, Secretary of Treasury. James A. Seddon, of Virginia, Secretary of "War. S. R. Mallory, of Florida, Secretary of Navy. Thomas H. Watts, of Alabama, Attorney-General. J. H. Reagan, of Texas, Postmaster-General. FIRST CONGRESS OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES. Alabama— f Clement C. Clay, tWilliam L. Yancey. Arlansas — tRobt. W. Johnson, Charles B„ Mitchell. Florida — James M. Baker, fAugustus E. Maxwell. Georgia — Benjamin II. Hill, tRobert Toombs. Kentuchy — fHenry C. Burnett, tWilliam E. Simms. Louisiana — Thomas J. Semmes, Edward Sparrow. Missimppi — t Albert G. Brown, James Phelan. AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 33 Mmotcri—iJohn B. Clark, R. S. T. Peytou. . North Carolina j George Davis, William T. Dortch. South Carolina — tRobt. W. Barnwell, tJames L. Orr. Tennessee — Langdon 0. Haynes, GustaTus A. Henry. r^^'a«— William S. Oldham, tLouis T. Wigfall. Virginiii — Robert M. 0. T. Hunter, Wm. Ballard Preston. Those having the t prefixed have served in the United States Congress. The number of old Congressmen in the Senate will be fourteen. New Congressmen, twelve. Total, twenty-six. HOUSE OF KEPRKSENTATIVES. DL it. ALABAMA. Dist MISSOURI. 1. Thomas J. Foster. * 3. Casper W. Bell. 2. tWiiliani R. Smith. 4. A. U. Conrow. 3. John P. Pvalls. 5. George G. Vest. 4. tJ. L. M. Curry. 0. Thomas W. Freeman. 5. tFrancis S. Lyon.' 7. John Hyer. 6. Wm. P. Chilton. NORTH CAROLINA. 7. fDavidClopton. 1. tW. N. H. Smith. 8. t James L. Pugh. 2. Robert R. Bridgers. 9. tEdw. L. Dargan. 3. Owen R. Keenan. ARKANSAS. 4. T. D. McDowell. \. Felix L Batson. 5. Thomas S. Ashe. 2. Grandison D. Royston. 0. Arch. H. Arringtou. 8. Augustus H. Garland. r. Robert McLean. 4. Thomas B, Hanly. 8. William Lander. FLORIDA. 9. B. S. Gaither. 1. James B. Dawkins. 10. A. T. Davidson. 2. Robert B. Hilton. SOUTH CAROLINA. "" GEORGIA. 1. tJohn McQueen. 1. Julian Hartridge. 2. tW.Porcher Miles. 2. C. J. Munnerlyn. 3. L. M. Ayer. 8. Hines Holt. 4. tMilledge L. Bonhain 4. Augustus H. Kenan 5. James Farrow. 5. David W. Lewis. 6. Wm. W. Boycc. 0. William W. Clark. ' TENNESSEE. V. tRobert P. Trippe. 1- Joseph T. Heiskell. 8. tLucius J. Gartrell. 2 William G, Swan. 9. Hardy Strickland. s! W. H. Tebbs. 0. t Augustus R. Wright. 4. E. L. Gardenshire. KENTUCKY. 5. tHenry S. Foote. 1. Alfred Boyd. 6. tMeredith P. Gentry. 2 John W. Crockett. V. fGeorgo W. Jones. s'. H. E. Read. 8. Thomas Meneese. 4. Geo. ,W. Ewing. 9. tJ. D. C. Atkins. 6. t James S. Chrisman. 10. tJohn V. Wright. 6. T. L. Burnett. 11. David M. Currin. 34 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMAl)rAG, 7. H. W. Bruce. 8. S. S. Scott. 9. E. M. Bruce. . 10. J. W. Moore. 11. Robt. J. Breckinridge. 12. John M. Elliott. LOUISIANA. 1. Charles J. Villere. ' 2. f Charles M. Conrad. 3. Duncan F, Keener. 4. Lucien J. Dupre. 5. John F. Lewis. 6. tJohn Perkins, Jr. MISSISSIPPI. 1. J. W. Clapp. 2. tReuben Davis. 8. Israel Welch. 4. II. C. Chambers. 5. to. R. Singleton. C^. E. Barksdale. 7. tJohn J. McRae. MISSOUEI. 1. W. M. Cook. 2. Thomas A. Harris. TEXAS. 1. tJohn A. Wilcox. 2. C.C. Herbert. 3. Peter W. Gray. •4. B. F. Sexton. 5. M. D. Graham. 6. Wm. B. Wright. VIRGINIA. 1. tM. R. H. Garnett. 2. John R. Chambliss. 8. James Lyon. 4. tRoger A. Pryor, 5. fThomasS. Bocock. 0. John Goode, Jr. r. J. P. Holcombe. 8. tD. C. DeJarnett. 9. tWilliam Smith. 10. tA. R. Boteler. 11. John R. Baldwin. 12. Walter R. Staples. 18. Walter Preston. M. Albert G. Jenkins. 15. Robert Johnston. IG. Charles W. Russell. Those marked with the t have been members of the United States Congress. The number of old Congressmen will be thirty- three. New Congressmen, seventy-two. SENATORIAL TERMS. Alalama — Mr. Clay, 2 years ; Mr. Yancey, G years. AH'ansas — Mr. Johnson, 2 years, Mr. Mitchell, G years. Florida — Mr. Baker, 2 years ; Mr. Maxwell, 4 years. Georgia — Mr. Toombs, 2 years ; Mr. Hill, 6 years. Kentuclcy — Mr. Simms, 2 years; Mr. Burnett, 6 years. Louisiana — Mr. Semmes, 4 years ; Mr. Sparrow, 6 years. Mississipjn — Mr. Phelan, 2 years ; Mr. Brown, 4 years. Missouri — Mr. Clarke, ii years ; Mr. Peyton, 4 years. North Garoliua — Mr. Davis, 2 years ; Mr. Dortsch, 4 years. South Carolina — '^Mr. Barnwell, 4 years; Mr. Orr, G years. Tenne see — Mr. Henry, 4 years ; Mr. Ilaincs, G years. Tezas — Mr. Wigfall, 4 years ; Mr. Oldham, G years. Virginia — Mr. Preston, 4 years ; Mr. Hunter, G years. OUR INDIAN RELATIONS. The information which has been furnished Congress by the re- port communicated to that body by the Indian Bureau, in refer- ence to the condition of the Indian country, is of an interesting , AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDG^E. 35 mature. The fact is disclosed that a very large majority of the lu- dians arc true to the Government of the Confederate States, and are as orderly in their conduct, and as obedient to tlio require- ments of the law, as ever before. Disaftoction, however, exists among the Cherokees, Creeks and Seminoles, and perhaps the small bands of Osages, Quapaws, &c., who live upon the borders of Kansas, within easy reach of the machinations and baneful in- fluences of the enemy, have become generally disloyal. In regard to this, however, nothing is certainly known, as no information from the Osage agency is in tlic possession of the bureau. The disatfeotion among the Cherokees seems to be of a limited extent, and among the Creeks and Seminoles, although a short time ago it had taken rather a wide range, (having reached a large portion of both tribes,) has been counteracted in a great degree, it is hoped by the defeat of Ho-poi-iph-li Yo-ho-lo, and the arpival of General Pike in the country. Within the four great tribes — the Choctaws and Chickasaws, Creeks, Seminoles and Cherokees— the hostilities pending between the Confederate and the Northern States, have interfered with aigrlcultural and mechanical pursuits, and the success of schools. The military spirit moving certain portions of these people, and the want of the money which has heretofore been paid them by the old United States Government, have been the causes of this derangement in their industrial and educational operations. The report of the government contains an interesting, statement of the geographical features of the country inhabited by the tribes of red men who have linked their fortunes with those of the Con- federate States. ' The Indian Torritory (not including; the Osage country — its ex- tent being unknown — nor the 800,000 acres belonging to the Cherokees, which lie between Missouri and Kansas,) embraces an area of 82,073 square miles — more than fifty-two and a half mil- lions of acres, to wit: The land of the Cherokees, Osages, Quapaws, Senecas, and Shawnees, 28,105 square milos, or 24,288,800 acres; That of the Creeks and Seminoles 20,581' square miles, or 13,140,000 acres ; That of the Reserve Indians, and the Choctaws and Chickasaws, 23,437 square miles or 15,000,000 acres; " Total 82,073 square miles, or 52,528,800 acres. Its population consists of Cherokees, 23,000 ; Osages, 7,500 ; .Quapaws, 320; Creeks, 13,500; Seminoles, 2,500; Reserve In- dians, 2,000 ; Choctaws, 17,500, and Chickasaws, 4,700 — making an aggregate of 71,520 souls. This Indian country is, in many respects, really a magnificent one. It is one of the brightest and fairest spots of the great West. By the hand of nature it has been blessed with advantages in great profusion, and of the highest and rarest character. Diversified 30 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, • by mountains filled with iron, coal and other mineral treasures, and broad reaching plains capable of grazing, for a large portion of the year, innumerable herds of cattle — witli the Red river run- ning along its southern border, the Arkansas river almost through its centre, and their tributaries reticulating its entire surface — possessed of a climate generally mild and genial, and a soil unsur- passed for depth and fertility, adapted to the growth of cotton; hemp and all kinds of grain, it is certainly the equal naturally of the most favored lands on this continent, and only needs the devel- opment of its resources to become an invaluable adjunct of the Confederate States. PRODUCTION OF BREADSTUFFS— STATISTICS FROM ' ■ THE CENSUS OF 1860. The following statistics are derived from the last United States census reports : WHEAT, RYE AND COEN PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1860. Wheat. Bye. Corn. States, Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. California 5,946,600 55,000 524,800 Connecticut 62,400 618,700 2,059,800 Delaware 913,000 27,200 3,892,400 Illinois .- 24,159,500 981,200 115,3p6,800 Indiana 15,219,100 400,200 69,641,600 Iowa... 8,433,200 176,000 41,117,000 Kansas.. 168,500 3,900 5,678,800 Kentucky 7,394,800 1,055,300 64,043,600 Maiue 233,900 123,300 1,546,000 Maryland..... 6,103,500 519,000 13,445,000 Massachusetts 119,800 388,000 2,115,000 Michigan 8,313,200 494,200 12,552,100 Minnesota 2,195,800 124,300 2,685,600 Missouri .-. 4,227,600 593,300 72,892,000 New Hampshire 239,000 128,300 1,414,700 New Jersey , . 1,763,100 1,439,500 9,723,800 New York .....8,681,100 4,787,000 20,961,000 Ohio .-.14,532,000 656,100 70,637,100 Oregon 822,400 2,700 74,600 Pennsylvania 13,045,200 5,474,800 28,796,800 Rhode Island * 1,100 28,300 459,000 Vermont 431,100 131,000 6,463,000 Wisconsin 15,812,600 887,500 7,565,300 Territories 1,007,400 11,200 2,767,200 Total bushels 139,81^,500 18,803,100 549,786,700 74,000 32,761,200 77,900 17;758,700„ 21,300 2,824,500 115,000 80,776,300 12,800 10,205,900 41,300 29,563,700 436,800 80,078,600 89,100. 15,065,600 200,300 50,748,300 95,000 16,521,600 944,000 38,360,700 2,173,100 280,055,100 18,803,100 549,786,700 20,976,200 830,451,800 14,188,800 592,071,000 AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 37 Seceding States. Wheat. Rye. Corn. Alabama 1,222,500 Arkansas 955,300 Florida 2,800 Georgia 2,545,000 Louisiana 29,300 Mississippi 579,500 North Carolina , . . 4,743,700 South Carolina 1,265,600 Tennessee 5,409,000 Texas 1,464,300 Virginia 13,169,160 Seceding States 31,367,000 Other States 139,816,500 Totals. 1860 171,183,500 '' 1850. 100.486,000 The relative value of thoee three products in the loyal and in the seceding States may be represented as follows : Wheat at |1.25. Rye at 75c. Corn at 50c. Loyal States. . ., $174,770,000 $14,103,000 $274,893,000 Seceding States 39,209,000 1,630,000 140,332,000 Total, 1860 $218,979,000 $15,733,000 $415,225,000 " 1850 125,607,000 10,641,000 296,025,000 From this ofllcial return it would appear that New York, which was in 1830—40, one of the leading wheat producing States, has now become the seventh, and is about on a parallel with Michigan in the article of wheat. Agriculturists state that the cultivation of wheat or any other article for a long series of years, without in- tertnission, is an injury to the soil and to the crops. If New York would recover her position as a leading State in the production of wheat, more attention must be given to rotation of crops. The relative position of this State as a wheat producer, since 1840, is shown in the annexed summary of all the States producing over five million bushels each. 38 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMAKAO, \VHEAT-PEODUCI^'G 8TATE8, 1840, 1860. 1840. 1850. 1860. Illinois, * - - 8,335,400 9,414,000 24,159,500 Indiana, - - - 4,049,400 6,214,400 15,219,100 Wisconsin, - - 212,100 4,286 100 15,812,600 Ohio, - -' - 16,571,600 14,487,300 14,582,600 Virginia, - - - 10,109,700 11,212,600 18,129,100 Pennsylvania, - - 18,213,000 15,367,700 13,045,200 New York, - - 12,286,400 • 13^121,500 8,681,100 Michigan,- - - 2,157,100 4,925,800 8,318,200 Iowa, - - - 151,700 1,530,500 8,433,200 Kentucky, - - 4,803,100 2,142,800 7,394,800 Maryland, - - 3,345,700 4,494,600 6,103,500 California, - - 17,200 2,946,600 Tennessee, -. - 4,569,700 1,619,400 5,469,900 Thirteen States, - 74,804,900 ' 88,834,500 146,180,400 All others, - - 13,708,300 11,651,300 25,003,100 Bushels of Wheat, - 88,513,200 100,485,800 171,183,500 Thus the West and Northwest must become the future granary for the supply of the Eastern States of Europe, while other States, giving more attention to other crops, neglect the cereals. New York, in 1840, with a population of 2,428,921, produced 12,286,400 bushels of wheat, or five bushels per capita^ and in 1850 a little over four bushels ^' ^- . . . bb . ^- fcb s: -^^ o O a fci-*^ ^r P >^,-g s 1 OS . c3 e5 c3 . S» . 03 35- «3 cS a 2 a 3 c c G p^ S G p a « 1 i ' » ^J^J,»J,tJ.»J-(J,IJ,M-^-kJ-tJ X tf; 35 X CC IK 'C X X ^-i X •71 > ^ ^" • !** > ^ -^^ ^ 9. > •i' 1 1 TT X X ^ j.^-t^m X X -tJ » 1 '3-lr-ir-lCOi-HCCTt^rHr-Hi-l-rt'rH ! O O' o o o o o o o o o o i ii' oooooooooooo ' _2 OOOOOO'XOOOiOO w S ^ -^ CO CO -Q ^ .^ r 1 ^E illiliileili 1 i ! .. c £ i «• .« . _• ^ •>0^^.;f3 .o^ .S 1 i 1 i ^ ! .- OP^ fcC^ C^XinH.OcSO : G 1 : : : : : c3 cs' : : : : : : • • : :.S.S • * . • : • • • :.^ o"© . • : : • ! 1 ■yj 1 u THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, POPULATION OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES, ACCOKDING TO- THE CENSUS OF 1860. States. Virginia ...... North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida Alabama Mississippi Louisiana Arkansas Texas Tennesse — . . . Missouri Kentucky White. Slaves. 1,097,873 697,965 308,186 615,3^6 81,865 520,444 407,551 . 354,245 331,710 515,999 859,528 1,185,590 920,077 495,826 328,377 407,185 467,461 93,809 435,473 497,607 312,186 109,065 184,956 287,112 115,619 225,490 Total. 1,593,100 1,008,342 715,871 1,082,797 145,694 935,917 887,158 666,431 440,775 600,955 1,146,640 1,801,209 1,145,567 7,895,869 3,960,166 11,669,956 POPULATION OF THE TERRITORIES. Territories. Population In I860. Population in 1860. New Mexico 61,547 93,024 Arizona 9,000 RATES OF POSTAGE IN THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. Rates of Postage between Places within the Confedeeate States of Amebioa. — On Letters. — Single letters, not exceeding half an ounce in weight, for any distance 10 cents; an additional single rate for each additional half ounce or less. Drop letters, 2 cents each. In the foregoing cases, the postage to be prepaid by ssainps OP stamped envelopes. Advertised letters, 2 cents each. On FacJcages — Containing other than printed or written matter — money packages are included in this class — to be rated by \v'eight, as letters are rated, and to be charged the same rate of postage as on letters, to wit : For any distance, ten cents for each half ounce or less. In all cases to be prepaid by stamps or stamped envelopes. »■ On Newspapers sent to regular and lonajide subscribers from the office of publication, and not exceeding 3 ounces in weight : Within the State where Published. — Weekly paper, 6^ cents per ANl5 REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNdWLEDGE. 45 quarter; semi-weekly paper, 13 cents per quarter; tri- weekly- paper, 19| cents per quarter; daily paper, 39 cents per quarter. In all cases the postage to he paid lJi-^ir:_»O_rH^00^1O >»*< »0 00 -b-^r-T OD CO T-^ -^ t^ lO r-^ lO oT o rt<'^J^cO'^OrHQOC^J>''-r-(lO 1-^^ as^ 00^ 05^ r co" of" co" -rj^' !?f <>r '>^'' rH of" (?f cf a 3fi (>lrHCOQOOO«505i^i-Mr- (05 O(?500cc>i-T-H000i05ThOOi— I r-T cT o" Oi" iO^ cc oo" of '•-D of i^^uT 0'<^oaocoai«ocx)03; over receipts, $108,553.30. Of an appropriation of $30,000 to carry into eliect an Act of Congress, "relative to telegraph lines in the Confederate States,"' there has been expended $15,136.77. Eight lines cf telegraph have been built, of the aggregate length of 217 milc-^, at an aggregate cost of $4,305.32. fen and a half miles of insulated oopper wire, with batteries, &c., have been made and sent to the army for field operations, at a cost of $4,763.80. Operators and watchmen have been employed at a cost of $1,696.22, of which $1,513.70 has been paid. Contracts were made with the Texas Telegraph Company and with the Arkansas State Telegraph Company for building and operating lines, and sending Government dispatches to distant portions of the Confederacy. The first was to have been completed by the 10th of December. There are in the Confederate States 2570 })ost roads established by law. Of these, contracts have been prepared in duplicate, and sent in letters of instruction to Postmasters for execution by the contractors on 1872 routes, and 833 of the number have been re- turned properly executed. There are 01 railroads and branch roads in the Confederate States ; of this number only 15 have entered into contracts, tracts. Many of the companies have waived tlie proposal to con- tract for the present, on one or another ground. Many of them decline to accept the classification and compensation assigned to their roads, and intend, if they can, to avoid liability and the legitimate control of the Department by refusing to enter into contracts, while, at the same time, they signify a willingness to perform the service, but under some protest, and generally that they must have higher pay. The whole number of Postoffices in the Confederate States on the 1st of June, 1861, was 8,411. Of this number there have been discontinued since that date, 183, leaving in operation 8228 ; num- ber established since the 1st of June, 72 ; whole number now in in operation, 8300. Number of postoffices, of which the names and sites were changed, 47 ; number of postmasters appointed since the 1st of June, 6261; number commissioned by the Depart- m THE CONFEDERATE STATES AJLMANAC, ment since that date, 4184 ; whole number of resignations during tho same period, 950, of which number 459 were resignations of appointments conferred by this Department, and 491 were resig- nations of appointments held under the Government of the United States. There are 110 route agents employed. Seven permanent and one temporary special agents have been appointed. Estimate of the probable receipts for the year ending June 30, 1862, compared with the receipts from all the postoffices now in the Confederate States for the fiscal year ending June 30, 18G0 : Total receipts of all the offices in 1860. . . . . . . .$1,517,530 00 Total receipts of all the offices in 1801 1,091,012 00 Showing a deficiency of $420,524 00 This estimate, however, is based upon the returns from only 2,922 postoffices. and the receipts must necessarily be increased by the returns from the remaining 4,024, though the latter are gene- rally small offices, scattered throughout the interior, from many of which the receipts will bo inconsiderable. THE FINAKCIAL CONDITIOIsr OF THE CONFEDERACY. From Richmond ExaiMner. We are enabled from papers before Congress to prepare a suc- cinct and interesting statement of the financial condition of the country, and to enlighten the public as to the amount of our public debt; its classes; the receipts of the Treasury up to 1st August; and the probable demands that will be made upon the resources of the South in view of the continuance of the war and the exi- gencies of the country arising therefrom. We distribute this iiT- tbrmation under appropriate heads : THE PUBLIC DEBT OF Tlf€, Cbl'lTEDERACV. It is ascertained from otticial data, ' furnished by the Treasury Department, that the whole expenditures of the Government from the commencement to the 1st of August last, amount to $347,212,- 958.85. It should be stated, however, that five millions of the amount charged as expenditure, lias been paid for the redemption of deposit certificates, and the aggregate above stated is subject to that abatement when considered in the light of actual expenses. The expenditures up to the first of August are as follows : War Department .\ -/^v V- ^*-^"- • • • • • $298,370,549 41 Navy Department *.. ;■?.&, .;.*>'..-. ..v. . . 14,005,777 80 Civil and Miscellaneous ......:;.. .; . *. . .T. .~ 15,760,503 48 1328,748,830 70 AND BEPPSITOEY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 53 To Trhich must be added outstanding requisitions upon the Treasury, upon which warrants are not yet issued, to the amount of $18,524,128 15; making the aggregate, as stated above. $347,272,958.85. CLASSES or XnK PrBLIC DEBT. An examination of our funded debt account will show that a lamentably small portion of our public debt exists in this form. The whole amount of bonds and stock issued is as follows : Eight per cent, stock and bonds if 41, 577,250 Six '' call ceptificfttes ,...32,784,400 $74,361, C.jo Ttiis statement indicates an evident indisposition of our peopk to make investments in this form, and furnishes an explanation of much of that disturbance of the standard of value and enhance- ment of prices in the country, which liave been the consequence of the large and disproportionate issue of Treasury notes. The issue already made of Treasury Notes amounts to $183,244,- 135 ; leaving authority to issue $1 0,756, 8(T5. KECKIPTS AT THE TREASUBT. • The receipts at the Treasury up to 1st August from all the va- rious sources of income are as follows : From Customs.,.-. $1,437,399 96 " Miscellaneous sources 1,974,769 38 , '" Loan, act of Feb. 28th, 1861 15,000,000 00 .'• " Aug. 19tb, 1861 22,613,34.5 61 '' Call Deposits under act of December 24, 1861 37,685,200 00 " Treasurv Notes, act March 9th, 1861 2,021,100 00 act May 16, 1861 17,347,955 00 vf " " act Aug. 19, 1861..... 167,764,615 00 <« Int. " •• act April 17, 1861 22,977,900 00 " $1 & 2 '^ 846,000 00 ' V Temporary Loan frOini Bank^— biUance 2,625,000 00 " W^^ T^x 10,539,910 70 • - •• . $302,555,196 00 This statement of receipts is short of the whole amount of the expenditures of the Government by $44,717,762 ; on account of which the Government has authority to issue only the balance of Treasury Notes $16,755,165, leaving $27,961,897 to bo provided for by Congress in a further extension of the general currency, unless this balance can be paid by bonds or otherwise. FUNDS TO BE EAISED BY THB FIRST O? JANtTARY. It is -Bupposed that the authority to issue general currency notes 54 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, must tibo bo oxtended by Congress to moot th© appropriations already made by it and not yet paid, and also the further appro- })riatious to be made. The appropriations already made by Congress, and not drawn on 1st of Angnst, amount to. . .$164,687,339 93 The estimates submitted by the various Departments of the ad- ditional supplies required to make good deficiencies and to support the Government to 1st January next, are as follows : For the War Department $44,373,590 36 ". ,€ivilList ..»,.v.v .... 386,607 39 .-'' .,. ^Miscellaneous . . . .' 102,899 38 ,• •* »■ * i y \ : $44,863,091 13 So that the v/hole amount of supplies required to l^t January presents a total of .$209,550,487 06 Congress is left to determine the best modie of raising this sum, and as there seems but little prospect of raising the money by a sale of bonds or stock, a resort to Treasury notes seems to be all that will be left to its discretion. INTEREST BEAElXa NOTEB. The experiment of diminishing the quantity of circulation by interest-bearing notes and deposits on call, is said to have been very successful, and is likely to be enlarged as a relief from excess in the quality of the national currency, which, as it exceeds the usual business wants of the community, must be productive of high prices without relation to the actual value of the currency. It is understood that the interest notes, although current to a certain degree, have been generally withdrawn from circulation, on account of their value as temporary investments. Most of them have been taken under the belief that the interest would be paid like other interest, and the Secretary of the Treasury has encour- aged this belief by a recommendation to Congress that the inter- est should be paid annually. PKOSPECTS OF ANOTHER WAE TAX — PAYMENT BY THE STATES, &C. It is supposed that Congress will be under the necessity of pro- viding another tax. From the war tax returns and from estimates as to such States as have not yet made complete returns, this fund may be set down at seven hundred millions. The War Tax has been paid by the several States as follows : North Carolina : $1,400,000 00 Virginia....- ,.........,»....'..... 2,125,000 00 Louisiana.;^^:;.*:•-•.••*••"•••••••••■••••-•^ • 2,500,000 ao Alabama.. r;?/-.:'}r:.V::.'r:...^»'.?;-V?x:.. 2,000,000 00 Georgia,, «..^.v 434,126 12 Florida, :^^y.v^.^f^.r:.^:'..i ._ .....•.: 225,374 n Mississippi ........... ,\ . . . -. . ii U^.%;. 1,484,467 67 ' $10,168,967 90 AND liEPOSITOiJY OF USEFUL JKKOWLEDGE. 55 The State of Georgia haa substantially paid in the balance duo by her, and the State of South Carolina has paid the whole amount (lufe by her into the Treasury, in the form of six per cent, call certiiicates. But as the final issetf lenient has not yet taken place, the certificates have not as yet been delivered up, and the accbimfe is not yet closed. The returns from the States of Ala- bama, Louisiana Mississippi, Arkansas and Texas hare not vet been rendered in complete. The two tb^roer States have, ne^r- theless, paid thci'- taxes in advance. ' .".'.[ " ;*' LOIISIANA AND ALABAMA ST ATE, FINANCE- FINANCES AND PIIOGRESS. »-^ The whole debt of Louisiana on the first day of January last was composed of the following items : Bonds for Citizens' Bank i?4,297,3Ji3 )3:J Bonds for ConHoIidated Association 1,101,200 00 $5,808,533 83 Railroad subscrij)tioijs : Jackson Railroad ..-i:i -:•-... $884, 000 Opeh)usas Railroad U'^.l . 041,000 Yicksburg and Shreveportr. .... .':: 1 .v*^'. 260.000 Grosse Tete ....'...... : C !". .' . •. 70, 000 - — 1,855,000*00 "The Railroad Debts : Old Nashville Bonds $483,00(1 Mexican Gulf Railroad ." 100,000 Port Hudson and Cliuton^ • 9,000 \ . 592,000 00 Old Seciwd Municipality . '. /. .$11)8,240 X Charity Hospital . . '.:..r. -j^^i. .J/:'^: 125,000 . ' ' ■•':< ■•:- -^- .34>.3,240 no Juvenile Scliool Fund ..4 .i. i»vJfe5-29,00(r •Seminary Fund . - ..../.:.: 130.000 — GH5,000 00 For relief of Treasury '. 750,000 00 Whole Bond Debt $0,583,773 i}3 There are Trust Fimds for which the State is liable, ]iayableon demand, amounting to. . .; .- 575,300 00 Making the whole State debt' aboittv $10,150,074 02 §6 THE CO N'mEDERATE STATES ALMAIs^AC, The total receipts into the Treasury of Louisiana last year, in- cluding receipts on account of trust funds, were $2,378,793 44; .the expenditures, $2,224,702 10. The taxable property of Louisiana hns increased within .ten • years from $205,000,000 at which it was assessed in 1850 and 1851. to $420,000,000, at which it was assessed in 1800— an increase of- $150,000,000. The rate has averaged about $15,000,000 per annum, but it has been quite irregular; 1853 was assessed at near- ly $30,000,000 over 1852, and 1850 $37,000,000 over 1855, while the estimated excess of 1800 over 1859 is only $4,000,000. Th« increase has, however, been constant, if not uniform, ALA-CAMA. The bond debt of our State is $3,445— annual interest $185,820. The domestic debt is $2,582,178, most of which draws interest, being the sixteenth section and University fund, etc. The Legisla tnre has just authorized the issue of $2,000,000 in bonds, the issue of $1,000,000 ill Treasury notes, and has loaned the Southern Congress $500,000. The balance in the Treasury on the 1st of January last was $298,008; nett revenue during the present year estimated at $847,000— total of means, $1,172,009. Past appro- priations due, $000,050; due educational fund, $285,000; State expenses, $200,000— total, $1,058,050. Total balance estimated to be in the Treasury at the close of the present year, $200,274. The expenses of the present military preparations of the State are not taken into the above estimates. They are expected to be met out of the new issue of the State bonds and the issue of Treasury notes. There was no increase of taxes by the last Legislature, although the expenditures were largely increased. NORTH CAROLINA AND ARKANSAS STATE FINANCES AND RESOURCES. , , . Tlie assessed value of real estate in North Carolina in 1815 was $53,521f613; in 1830 this value had actually decreased, and in 1850, thirty-live years later, it had only increased to $55,000,000 ; but in 1860 it reaches $120,000,000, or $70,400,000 more than 1850. This result, the Governor believes, comes solely from the internal improvements, which only fairly commenced in 1850. The public debt of the State is $9,129,505. To this is to be added $4,099,900, for which the public faith is pledged to eertaki railroads. Of this latter sum, about $1,500,000 will be required within two years. The expenditures of the two next years are estimated at $728,424.70, to meet which the estimate of receipts is $1,720,425.00. It is therefore evident, uot only that there need be no increase of taxea, but that they may be reduced. AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 57 To meet the principal of her liabilities, the State has, in stocks and bonds of various railroads, canals and sinking fund, $7,633,140. The sinking faud, from \v]iich the public debt is to be paid, and which is made up of dividends of stock owned bj the State, and anj accruing balances, now amounts to $457,040, and for the last two yeara has received $419,570. After this year, the Governor estimates that the annual addition to thisfuiid will be not less than a million of dollars, to come from railroad dividends. He relies upon the roads Deiug ])rofitable, because having been built by slave abor, their cost is very much less than Xorthern roads. DEBT OF ARKANSAS. I'he payuKMiL of the State debt, up to October 1st, 1840, amount- ed to ^2,341,090.17. The amount of outstanding debt on account of the Bank of the State of Arkansas is $1,098,717.50, and the liability of the State for bonds sold by the Keal Estate Bank, and interest due on tliem, was $1,054,825.28 on the 1st of October. There is Ijeside an additional liability for ])rincij)al and interest up to tlie, 1st day of October, 18C0, $207,455.71 on account of the $121,330.59 borrowed ])y the bank on the 7th September, 1840, upon the tive hundred bonds of the State, which the bank, in vio- lation of law, hypothecated to the "North American Trust and Banking Company,'- of New York. This company sold the bonds and placed them beyojid the control of the State. , - .. The State, the Governor says, lias made considerable progress in getting out of debt, and in a few years will ]^ entirely'so. The whole value of property taxed^n the State in the year 1852 was $42,900,000, and- the increase during the subsequent eight years amounted to about $1,000,000. There remained in the Treasury on the 1st of October for ordinary expenses $304,100 in gold and silver. An n4-)propriation of $130,000 out of the five per cent, ac- c'ruitig from tlies sales of public lands is .recommended for the com- pletion of the Memphis and Little Kock Railroad, and of the Mis- sissippi, Ouachita and Red River Railroad. The attention of the Legislature is also called to the subject of public education. IXEBT'AND RESOURCES OF TllE STATE OF VIRGINIA. The receipts for the fiscal year ending September 30th, 1863, including the balance oh hand at the commencement of that year, amounted to $1,899,034.36. There was expended that year the sum of $1,895,002.23; leaving a balafice in the treasury on the 1st Oftober,- 1800, of $4,632.13. ■" \ ' ' " . The receipts for the fiscal yearending Sept. 30th, 1801," includ- ing the balance on hand at the commencement of that year 58 THE Op:>^FEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, amounted to $1,775,091,72. There Avas disbursed duriug the same period tlie sum of $1,766,871.29 ; leaving a balance on hand Ist of October, 1861, of $8,220.43. '" ; The investments of the fund in stocks, loans, &c., other thnn subscriptions and appropriations to internal improvements, amonht in the aggregate to $5,108,483.33. The amount of bonds of corporations, the payment of the inter- est and the principal of which is gnaranteed -bj the Common- wealth, is $2,035,805. The amount heretofore reported was 8,'898,500. Since the last regular session of the Legislature, under an act passed 23d March, 1860, $1,862,695 of the guaranteed bonds of the James River and Kanawha Company have" been converted into State bonds. The interest due the 1st day of July last on the \fbnds of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company, guaranteed by the State, has not been paid, no report having been made by that- company of its inability to pay the interest. The amount appropriated by State subscriptions to joint stock companies, and for State improvements, upon which payineirts liave been made, is $40,642,189.88, and the amount paid is $35,- 508,266.71, leaving a balance of $5,133,923.47 yet to be pai-d ; which, added to $9,600, the amount of subscriptions to companies now authorized, on which no i)aym.ents have been made, makes the sum of $5,143,523.17. The amount authorized to be subscribed to companies of whose organization no information has been received, is $385,740, which added to the aggregate amount of the two items last stated, makes $5,529,263.17, and constitutes a contmgent liability of the Com- monwealth. * ' Estimates are given of certain an'd probable receipts on account of the revenue of the fund of Internal Improvement for the fiscal years ending 30th September, 1862, and 30th September, 1863, after deducting the estimated charges for the same.- The surplus for the year 1862 is supposed to be $238,759.39.- and that for '1863, $258,759.39. The amount paid out of the Sinking Fund on account of the re- demption of certificates of public del)t issued prior to 1st January, 1852, in the tw^o years 1860 and 1861, is $462,088.31, and the amount paid foi- certificates of public debt purchased for an invest- ment for said fund in the two years, is $581,012.11. The aggregate outstanding . debt, consisting of registered and coupon bonds in the hands of the public and the Commissioneirs of the Sinking Fund on the 30th September, 1861, is ascertained to be $34,806,824.32. The net' increase of the^public debt, during the last two fiscal years, is $4,619,507.09 ; wliich increase includes guaranteed bonds of the "Jame.s Eiver and Kanawlia Company changed to State bonds, ($1,862,095,) armory expenditures, . (|T04,'- 500,) and subscriptions to", railroad and other improvement c6m- panies. AND EEPOSITOKY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 59 The amount of public debt issued prior to 1st January, 1852, and now outstanding, is $10,271;107.99, and is called the old debt — that created sinpe the 1st of January, 18G2, amounts to $24;538,- 710,38, and is callerFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, By this it appears that in 1850 there were ia the- Confederate States 15/796,835 Doubtful Border States, (Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware and District of Columbia , .... 4,918,334 All the Slave States 20,715,835 Free States and Territories, 9,602,439 miauce in favor of. Slave States 11,113,T30 RAILROADS IN THE SOUTH. ' The following tables from data given in the Railroad Journal; and the published returns of the late census, showing the miles of railroad in operation in each State, and their cost with equip- ments, and the area of territory of each State : SouTHEiiN States. Miles of ■ Railroad in opera- tion. Alabama Arkansas Delaware Florida Georgia . . . : Kentucky Louisiana Maryland and Dist. of Columbia. Mississippi Missouri Korth Carolina , South Carojina ..'......' Tennessee Texas , Virginia New Mexico and Indian Territory 798.6 38.5 47.'9 289.8 1,241.7 458.5 419.0 833.3 365.4 723.2 770.2 807.3 1,062.3 284.5 1,525.7 Totals 9,665.0 $^79,5.33,065 1,283,850 ObsJ, with eqiiipment. $20,975,639 1,130,110 2,345,825 6,368,699 25,687,220 13,852,062 16,073,270 41,526,424 9,024,444 31,771,116 13,698,469 19,083,343 27,348,141 •7,578,943 43,069,3^0 Area, m sq. miles. 50,77^ 52,19'8 2,120 59,268 58,000 37,680 41,346 11,070 47,151 65,037 • 45,500 34,000 44,000 274,357 61,352 400,000 Am) REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 61 (JENSUS OF 1860. States. Alabama Arkansas California. . . . .. Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois , Indiana Iowa.. Kansas. . ...... Kentucky Lduisiaua Maine. .' Maryland * Massachusetts. . Mississippi. . . . ^ Missouri. ... ...: Michigfin Minnessota New Hampshire New Jersey . . : . New York North Oarolina. Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania . . . Rhode Island . . . South Carolina . Tennessee Texas . . .^ Vermont • . Virginia. . .... Wisconsin. . .. . Census of 1860. Whites. 529,164 324,324 380,015 460,151 110,420 78,686 595,097 1,711,758 1,350,479 674,948 107,110 930,223 376,913 628,276 599,846 1,231,065 354^699 1,058,352 749,112 ■ 162,022 326,972 672,031 3,887,542 661,586 2,389,599 5^,464 2,906,370 174,621 301.271 834,063 420; 651 315,116 1,105,196 775,87a Slaves. 435,132 111,104 1,798 61-, 75 3 462,230 22^,490 332,523 87,188 436,696 114,555 331,081 402,541 275,784 180,388 490,^87 Population of States, - - 27,185,109 3,949,557 31,134,666 To taL 964,296 435,427 380,015 460,151 112,218 140,439 1,057,327 1,711,758 1,350,479 674,946 107,110 1,155,713 709,433 628,276 687,034 1,231,065 791,395 1,173,317 749,112 162,022 326,072 672,031 3,887,542 992,667 2,339,599 52,464 2,906,370 174,621 703,812 1,109,847 601,039 315,116 1,596,083 775,873 62 THE CONTEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, 'CENSUS OF 1860. . Tebeitoeies. Population of States , Colorado '. . . . Dakotah •. Nebraska Nevada ...• . New Mexico Utali AYashington ; . . District of Columbia Census of 1860. Whites. 27,185,10^) 34,197 4.839 28,832 6,587 <)3,517 40,260 11,578 71,895 rotal Population 27,477,090 3,962,801131,429,891 Slaves. 3,949,557 10 24 29 3,181 Total. 31,134,006 34,197 4,839 28,842 6,857 93,541 40,295 11,578 75,076 COTTON SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION OF EUROPE. The following table shows the Import, Consumption and Stocks in the whole of Europe for the years 1859 and 1800, and is com- piled from the Annual Report of Messrs, Stolterfoht, Sous & Co., Liverpool: 1800. 1859.- Stock, Jan. 1, bales... 571,000 557,000 Import to 31st Dec. . . . Great Britain 3,038,000 2,829.000 France * 685,000 430,000 Continent (direct)'. . 479,000—4,582,000 588,000—3,853,000 Total supply 5,103,000 ^4,410,000 Do. Stock, Dec. 31.. . 782,000 571,000 Delivered for cons'n . . ' ^ 4,321,000 3,829,000 Sources of Supply. Confederate States. .3,648,000 3,0.80,000—3,803,000 Brazil 100,000 130,000 West Indies 47,000 * 30,000 East Indies 573,000 514,000 Egypt 1,580,000—4,532,000 149,000— 3,853,000 The whole Cotton crop of tlie Confederate States in 1800 was 4,697,926 bales. The total exports of cotton for the same year was 4,625,725 bales. Of this amount England received 2,254,400 bales. Am) REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 63 The whole crop for the year 1861 was 3,699,926 bales. The total exports to foreign ports for the same year was 3,764,341 bales. Of this amount England received 1,998,467 bales. Eng- land derives a revenue of $350,000,000 per annum from American cotton." The cotton fields of the Southern. States embrace an area of 500,000 square mjles, and the capital invested in the cultivation of the plant amounts to $900,000,000. Seventy years ago, the ox- ports of our cotton were only 420 ' bales — not one-tenth of the amount furnished by several countries to England. Xow, the South furnishes five-sevenths of the surplus cotton prcTduct of the entire world. PLACES AKD TIMES OF HOLDING THE CIRCUIT COURTS IN THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. ALABAMA, Mobile, 2d Monday in April and 4th Mon. in Dec. * ARKANSAS, Little Rock, 2d Mendayin April. GEORGIA, N. Dist., Marietta, 2d Monday in March and Sept. GEORGIA, S. Dist., Savannah, 2d Mon. in April— Milledgevillle, Thursday after 1st Monday in November. KENTUCKY,- Frankfort, 3d Monday in May and October. LOUISIANA, New Orleans, 4th MOu. in April and 1st Mon. in November. ' • MISSISSIPPI, Jatkson, ist Monday in May and" November. MISSOURI, St. Louis, Ist Monday in April and (special) Oct. NORTH CAROLINA, Raleigh, first Monday hi Jnue and last Monday in Nov. SOUTH CAROLINA, Charleston, first Monday in April;— Colum- bia, 4th Monday in November. TENNESSEE^ M. Dist., Nashville, 3d Mo"n. in. April and Oct. - TENNESSEE, E. Dist., Knoxville, 3d Monday in May and 4th Monday fn November. TENNESSEE, W. Dist., Jackson, first Mon. in April and Oct-. VIRGINIA, E. Dist., Richmond, first Mpnday in May and fourth ' Monday in November. . ■ VIRGINIA, W. Dist., -Letvisburg, first Monday in August. PLACES^ AND'TIMES OF HOXDING THE DISTRICT COURTS. ALABAMA, N. Dist., Hyntsville, second Monday in May and November. ALABAMA, M. Dist., Montgomery, fourth Monday in May and November. ALABAMA, S. Dist., Mobile, fourth Monday in April and second Monday after 4th Monday in November. 64 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMAKAC. ARKANSAS, E. Dist., Little Rock, first Monday i n Apriland October. . . . • ARKANSAS, W. Dist., second Monday in May. and November. ' FLORIDA, N. Dist., TaUaliassee, 1st Monday in January, Apala- cbicola, first Monday in Februai-y ; -Pensacola, first Monday in March; St. Augustine, first Monday in April. FLORIDA, S. Dist., Key West, first Monday in May and Nov. GEORGIA, N. Dist., Marietta, second Monday in Mai-cli and September. ' . ' . • GEORGIA, S. Dist., Sayannab, second Tuesday in February, May, August and November. KENTUCKY, Frankfort, third Monday, in May and October. LOUISIANA, E. Dist., New Orleans, third Monday in February^ May and November. LOUISIANA, W. Dist., Opelousas, 1st Monday in August; Alex- andria, first Monday in September ; ShrevepQrt, 1st Monday in October; Monroe, 1st Monday in November; St^ Joseph, - 1st Monday in December. ■ MISSISSIPPI, N. Dist,, Pontot9c, first Monday in June and December. ' MISSISSIPPI, S. Dist., Jackson, fourth Monday in January and June. MISSOURI, E. Dist., St. Louis, third Monday in February, Hay and November. . . MISSOURI, W. Dist., Jefterson City, first Monday in March and September. NORTH CAROLINA, Edenton, third Monday in April tind Oct ; Newbern, fourth Monday in April and October ; Wilmington, ■first Monday after fourth Monday in April and October. SOUTH CAROLINA, E. Dist., Charleston, first Monday in Janu- ary, May, July and October. SOUTH CAROLINA, W. Dist., Greenville Court House, first Mon- day in August. TENNESSEE, E. Dist., Knoxville, third Monday in May aAd fourth Monday in November. - • TENNESSEE, M. Dist., Nashville, third Monday in April and October. TEXAS, E. Dist., Galveston, first Monday in May and December; Brownsville, first Monday in March and October. . TEXAS, W. Dist., Austin, first Monday in January ^and June; Tyler, fourth Monday in April and first Monday in November. VIRGINIA, E. Dist., . Richmond, 12th May and 12th November; Norfolk, 30th May and 1st November. ' VIRGINIA, W. Dist., Staunton, first May and first October ; Wythe Court House, fourth Monday in May and October ; Charleston, 19th April and 19th Septenaber; Clarksburg, 24th March and 24th August; Wheeling, 6th April and 6th September. AND REPpSltORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 05 SOME OF the" principal COLLEGES AND PROFES- SIONAL SCHOOLS IN THE CONFEDERACY. NAME. Southern University. University of North Carolina. Franklin. South Carolina. University of Alabama. University of Louisiana. ■". Centenary Collega. Mississippi College. Howard Mercer University. Oglethorpe. Davidson. . ^ University of Virginia. Randolph Macpn. University of Nashville. University of Mississippi. ■Stniple Broaddus. Dolbear's Commercial. East Tennessee. Transylvania. Union. Medical College.of Alabama. St. Louisr ■ Grteensboro, Ala. Chapel Hill, N. C. Athens, Ga. Columbia, S. C Tuscaloosa, Ala. New Orleans, La Jackson, La. Clinton, Miss. Marion, Ala. Penfield, Geo. Milledeeville, Geo. Mecklenburg, N. C. Charlottesville, Va. Bqydon, Va. Nashville, Teun. Oxford, Miss. Centre Hill, Miss. New Orleans, La. Knoxville, Teim. Lexington, Ky. Murfreesboro", Tdnn. Mobile. Sti Louis, Mo. 2i,ono 18,250 21.000 12,000 5,300 3,750 • 3,000 8,700 18,250 21,000 30,000 8,080 3,66C • ,%0 8,00fJ 14,000 4,300 12.2000 Commencement of Sessi on. First Thursday in June. First Wednesday in August First Monday in December. First Thursday in July. Last Thursday in July. July. Last Thursday in July. Last Thursday in June. Fourth Wednesday in July First Wednesday in Aug. First Thursday in June. June 29th Fourth Thursday in June. Last Thursday in June. Not in session at present. Lftst Tliursday in July. Constautlyin session. First Wednesday in July. Last Thursday in June. First ^^'ednesday in July. THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, Dim OF THE WM FOR ^EPIMTIOI. {Contunied from C S. Almanac, foi' 1862.) 18 6 2. January 1, Engagement at Fort PickenfT, The Federals, in command at Fort Pickens, opened fire on a Confederate vessel in the bay. Col. Anderson, being in command of the Confederates, promptly opened his batteries on Fort Pickens. The firing lasted nearly half a day. ]S[o casualties reported by the Confederates. Battle near Port Royal river South Carolina. The Federals advanced up Port Royal river and gave battle to the Confederates, after a brisk fight the Federals driven back defeated. Federal loss 17 killed 9 wounded. Confederate loss 8 killed 15 wounded. January 4. Judge Hemphill, of Texas, died in Richmond, Va. January 5. Skirmish at Hanging Rock, near Romney, Va. Confederate loss, 5 killed and 7 captured. January 6. French man-of-war approached Ship Island under a neutral flag for the purpose of business with the French Con- sul at New Orleans, and was fired into by the Federal vessel. An apology soon made. January 8. Skirmish on Silver Creek, Mo.- Confederates defeated. January 9. Col. Lubbock, of the Texas Rangers, died. Burn- side expedition left Annapolis, January 10. Battle of Middle Creek, near Prestonburg, Ky. The Confederate forces under Gen. Humphrey Marahali was attacked by the Federals. The Federals severely defeated. Gen. Marshall in his official report says : "My loss in the action of the 10th irist., ia accurately stated at 10 killed and 14 wounded. The loss of the enemy was severe, estimated by the officers of my command, who had an opportunity to see them dead, at over 200 killed and more than that wounded. The enemy had some 4,500 or 5,000 men on the field, and at least 500 cavalry (for that number was counted.) Ihad some 1,600 men fit for duty and present on the field. He engaged AND REPOSITORY OF CSEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 67 probably 2,500 or 3,000 of his men ; ' I about 900 or 1,000 of mine.".-. . .Senators Johrison and Polk, of Mo., expelled from U. S. Senate, charged with t^easep to the Government. January .12-13. Burnside expediti&n left Old Point, and caUght in a sftccession 9f damaging storms before reaching Hat- teras. * January 14. Secretary Cameron, of the Lincoln Cabinet, resigns, and is succeeded by Stanton, of Pa., as Secretary of War. •' ' _ January 15. The Federal gun boats made an attack on Fort Henry, Tennessee* river, and retired without doing any damage to tlie Fort. . ♦ . . ' ' January 16. Battle near Ironton, 3Io. Confederate troops under Jeff, Thompson, drove the enemy towards Pilot Knob. January 17. ^Ex-President Tyler, died in Richmond, Va. January 19. Battle at Fishing Creek, or Mill Springs, Ky, The Confederate forces, under command of Gen. Crittenden and Zollicoffer, advances from their entrenchments and attack the Federals under Gens. Thomas and Schoepf. The Confederates were repulsed and Gen. Zofficeffer killed. His death is thus described : ' Soon after the fight began, pot far from the entrenchments of the enemy on Sunday morning, Geff. Zollicoffer mistook a regi*- ment of Kentuckians for one of his own command. He rode up very near the Colonel. The first intimation he had of his position was received when it was too late. "There's old Zollicoffer," cried out several of the regiment in front of him. "Kill him I" and in an instant their pieces were leveled at his person. At that moment Henry M. Fogg, aid to Gen. Zollicoffer, drew his revolver and fired, killing the person- who' fif.st recognized Gen. Z. With the most perfect coolness, (jrcn. ^. aiDproached to the head of the enemy, and drJlwing his sabre cut the head of the Lincoln Colonel from his shoulders. As soon as done, twenty bullets pierced the body of our gallant leader, and Gen. Zollicof- fer fell from his horse a mangled corps.' The Confederate force engaged wa» only' 4,700 while the Federals numbered 14,000. Confederate loss was 114 killed, 102 wounded and 45 taken prisoners. Federal loss, 92 killed, 194 wounded. January 22. A. brisk skirmish took place near Boston, Ky. The Federals were badly 'whipped and los^ S killed and. 5" woim- ded. Confedcrato loss,*3 'Tvounded. January 27. -Reported fight* at James Island, Fla. 6ixty 68 THE OOOTEDEBATE STATES ALMANAC, Federals reported killed and 35 captured. • Confederate lo^/'lS killed and wounded. January 29, Reported skirmish near Occoquan, A^a. Nine. Texans killed and 1 wounded Naval engagement near Fprt Pulaski, Ga. No lives lost. January 30. The state of affairs in the North is thus des- ■ cribcd : The most candid of the Northern people confessed their dis- appointment, especially with reference to two topics — the integ- rity of the slave population and the tremendous amount of resis- tance the South has offered to the resources and best exertions of the North, Expressions opposing the prosecution of the war were every day becoming more open and more careless of res- traint. It was commonly said that the Democratic party would soon be in power again in the North, iand that its programme would be to upset the whole present system of Yankee govern- ment and deal terrible vengeance upon those responsible for the consequences of the war. We are told that public expressions were more than once heard that "Cameron and Welles should be hung," and that the work of retribution should go on until "every man who had loaned money to the government had been treated to a halter." Kegrets, at once pitiful and ridiculous, were lavished on the destruction of "the Union." The resignation of Cameron, Lincoln's Secretary of War, was treated with congratulations by the less ultra people of the North; and it was said that Welles' resignation would soon follow. The "emancipationists" were excessively annoyed, and were showing the most infamous exasperation of feeling. The pages of Harper's Weekly were adorned with scurrilous cuts and illustra- tions given of an exasperated policy of conquest, in pictures of Southern ladies "of the first families" delving atwash tubs under. Massachusetts task masters. There was a general feeling of despair at the financial aspects of the war. It was stated, on authority, that no more specie would be paid out of the Federal Treasury except for interests on the old public debt. The financial programme at Washington was understood to be an additional issue of demand . notes to the amount of a hundred and fifty to two hundred millions of dol- lars, and a war tax to the amount of a hundred and fifty millions; although it was estimated in well-informed quarters that the in- creased expenses of the war would run up to $1,000,000,000 a year. All private loans had ceased, and the full comiug of crisis was awaited in a sort of dreary despair. The newspapers were AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 69 endeavoring to animate confidence, but the influence of the press in the North — owing to its long course of deception in the war — had positively expired. February 1. Skirmish at Bloomery, Western Ya, A large party of Federals surprised and captured 45 Confederates. The Federals lost lo killed and wounded. The Federals elated with their success, committed great outrages on the inhabitants of the neighborhood. February 4-5-6. Attack and capture of Fort Henry, Tennes- see river. The Fort was attacked by Federal gun boats, and a fore of 10,000 men under Gen. Grant. Gen. Tilghman made a brave defence, but was forced to surrender before an overwhelm- ing force ; two gun boats were badly damaged. Confederate loss was lo killed, 13 wounded, and Gen. Tilghman with 57 men were taken prisoners. Gen. Hciman with 3.000 men succeeded in making a safe retreat to Fort Donelson. Federal loss 45 killed, (32 scalded to death on one gun boat) and 60 wounded Santa Fe, New Mexico, evacuated by the Federals who retreated to Fort Union Sixty Federal war vessels appeared at Roanoke Island, North Carolina. February 7-8. The Federal gun boats ascend the Tennessee river to Florence, Ala., creating great excitement among tne people living along the river. Several Confederate Steamboats were burned and destroyed to prevent their falling into the hands of the enemy. The Federals seized on a quantity of Confederate stores at Florence; after committing many depredations, the Federals returned with their boats to Paducah Battle of Roanoke Island, North Carolina. The Federals lauded 10,000 men and attacks the Confederate batteries and captured the Island. Capt. 0. J. Wise was killed and 2,437 Co.nfederates taken prisoners. Our entire loss is but 23 killed, and some 5S wounded, while that confessed to by the foe, and reported to us by one of the party, who accompanied Capt. Wise's body home, was 35 commissioned officers, including two colonels, and 175 privates killed, and between 300 and 400 wounded. . This fact attests more strongly than language could do, the heroism of the defense. Let the battle of Roanoke Island be classed, no longer among the disasters of the war ; rather let us cherish the memory of the deeds that there ennobled our arms, and shed fresh lustre upon the brilliant historic fame of the Southern volunteers. The enemy admit 300 killed and wounded, while our estimate of their loss is from 400 to 600. February 7. Rev. R. J. Stewart, of St, Paul's Church, Alex- 70 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, andria, Va., was arrested by Federal soldiers while holding ser- vices in his clmrch, charged with being a secessionist, and for omitting to mention the name of the President of the United States in his prayer. He refused to leave the church and was dragged by force from the pulpit. . February lO. Newspaper oflSce of the " Local News" was destroyed by Federal soldiers in Alexandria, Ya. Large num- bers of th.e citizens of Alexandria are arrested on charge of con- spiracy against the Federal government Battle at Cobb's Point, near Elizabeth City, North Carolina. The Federals from Roanoke Island attack the Confederate steamers at batteries. Commodore Lynch made a brave defence, but was forced to retreat. The Federals captured 7 Confederate steamers and some army stores, guns, &c. Confederate loss 6 killed, 3 wounded. Federal loss II killed, 4 wounded. February 11, Elizabeth City, North Carolina, partly burned by its inhabitants to prevent its falling into the enemy's hands. February 12. Edenton and Hartford, North Carolina, occupied by the Federals. February 12. Battle of the trenches. ) Battle of Fort Donel- Ji'ebruary 13. Battle with gun boats. > son, Cumberland river, February 15. Battle at Dover. ) Tennessee The fighting at Fort Bonelson was the most bloody and despe- rate ever witnessed on the /:^merican continent, excepting, per- haps, the earlier conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards. The fighting commenced on Wednesday, 12th, the enemy was driven back with heavy loss ; the battle of the 13th was fought mainly with the Federal gun boats. Seven boats attacked the Fort. The gun boats were entirely defeated by the heavy guns at the Fort. Some of the balls passed through a thickness of 25 inches of the iron and wood casing of the boats ; 42 Federals were killed and wounded on the boats. The main fight was on Saturda}^ when our forces marched out of our entrenchments and attacked the enemy, killing not less than lOOO, capturing 7 pieces of artillery, 250 prisoners and a large lot of small arms, blankets and knap- sacks. The enemy had, with a large force, surrounded us, pre- paratory to cutting ofi" our communication with Clarksville and Nashville. This was the cause of our going out and attacking them on Saturday. The result of the fight on Saturday made us feel triumphant. About sun down on Saturday wc sent ofi' the sick, wounded and prisoners in the two small boats we had at Donelson. Early in the night, our scouts brought up the infor- mation that fourteen steamboats were landing fresh troops one AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 71 mile and a half below us. Three hours after our cavalry informed us that th€ enemy, in large force, had again surrounded us, occu- pying the position from which we had driven them in the morn- ing. The complete state of exhaustion of our army, and its manifest inability to make or sustain another attack, determined the -sur- render. The snow was six inches deep, the weather severely cold, and our men had been working and fighting for several days and nights, with no means of rest except when they found in the trenchments. They had been hurriedly carried there, without their tents or camp equippage. Gens. Pillow and Floyd gave up their command to General Buckner, and ignominously left the Fort. The noble General Buckner refused to desert his men and was captured prisoner. As an evidence of the desperate character of the contest, the following paragraph is copied from a Federal account of the battle . " The heaviest loss to any one of the Federal regiments at Fort Donelson, was the 11th Illinois, which went into the fight with 590 men and ofiicers, and came out witli 170. Two companies of this regiment, company K, Capt. Carter, of LaSalle, went into action with 62 men, and came out with nine I Company H, Capt. Contes, of Peru, went in with 51 men and came out with 10. This will give an idea of the hard fighting and terrible loss sus- tained." The Federal loss is estimated at 1,200 killed, 2,000 wounded and 270 captured prisoners. Confederate loss 231 killed, 1,007 wounded, and 5,079 taken prisoners. The whole amount of the Confederate force on first day of battle was nearly 13,829 men. The Federal force on the last day amounted to nearly 55,000 men. February 14. Skirmish near New. Concord, Ky, Five Fede- rals killed, several wounded. February 15. Bowling Green, Ky., evacuated by Gen. John- son and Confederate forces. February 16. Tennessee Rolling Mills burned by the Federals, .... Skirmish near Moorfield, Va. Col. Ashby made a success- ful attack on a large force of Federals, killing many and driving them from their position. February 17. Skirmish near Galveston, Texas. A large force of Federals, in attempting to make a landing near Galveston Bay, were surprised by the Confederates and driven back ; seve- ral Fe4erals wounded. •ra THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, Gen. Johnson notifies Gov. Harris that he cannot hold the city , of Nashville against the Federals. Gov. Harris causes the State Archives to be removed to Memphis. The Governor and meitt- bers of the Legislature leave Nashville for Memphis. February 17-18-19. Great panic in Nashville, Tenn., caused by the fall of Fort Donelson and the threatened occupation of the city by the Federals. Great amount of army stores and provi- sions ($500,000 worth) destroyed, to prevent its falling mto the enemy's hands. All the bridges and fortifications destroyed. Great numbers of people leave the city. February 20. Winton, N. C, captured by the Federals. Con- federate loss, 7 killed and 5 wounded. February 22. Jefierson Davis inaugurated President of the Confederate States for the first regular term of six years. February 24. Mayor Cheatham formally surrenders the city of Nashville to the Federals. February 25. Skirmish near Occuquan, Ya. Several Yankees reported killed. Febm^ry 26. The Federal forces, 40,000 strong, under Gen. Buell, occupy Nashville, Tenn. February 22. Gen. Johnson falls back to Stephenson and Decator, on the line of the Memphis and Charleston Railroad. March 1-2-3. Skirmish on the Tennessee River, near Savan- nah, between a party of Louisianians and Federal gun boats. The Federals defeated, 22 killed, 45 wounded; Confederate loss, 7 killed. 14 wounded. Invasion of the Virginia Valley. Martinsburg and Charles- ton occupied by the Federals, under Gen. Banks. Skirmishing near New Madrid, Mo., between the advancing Federals and JeiF. Thompson's forces ; 20 Federals reported killed and 10 captured. Columbus, Ky., evacuated by the Confederate forces. All the Confederate property removed to New Madrid and Island No. 10. City of Pensacola and the Confederate Forts partly evacuated by the Confederates. Gen. Bragg leaves Mobile for Memphis, Tenn. Fort Pickens partly evacuated by the Federals. Brunswick, Geo., and Fernandina captured by the Federals, Commodoie Dupont takes possession of all Confederate property. No resistance offered by the Confederates. Columbus, Ky., occupied by the Federals, under General Cul- lum. Martial law declared in Richmond, Va. John M. Botts and AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 78 several prominent Union men arrested in Eiohmond for aiding the enemy. March 5. Martial law declared in Memphis, Tenn. General Beauregard takes command of the army of the Mis- sissippi. Headquarters at Jackson, Tenn. March 5-6. Skirmish near New Creek, Western Virginia. Col. Ashby made a successful attack on a large force of Federals, routing them and capturing 40 prisoners. Confederate loss, 3 killed. March 21. Battle of Valverde, Arizona Territory. The bat- tle was fiercely contested, and undoubtedly the severest of the present war — as desperate as any on record for the amount of men engaged. The Confederate forces were mostly native Tcxans, who fought with all their well known courage and bravery, cap- turing the enemies batteries of 7 gnns, at the point of the bayo- net and knife, winning a glorious victory over the Federals. Maj. Lockridge, of the Confederates, was killed while leading a charge. Confederate loss, 86 killed and 156 wounded. Federal loss, 230 killed, 200 wounded and 500 captured prisoners. The Confed- erate force amounted to only 2,300 ; the Federals were 6,000 strong. Running the blockade. Over 120 vessels have run the block- ade from Southern ports since March, 1861, to the present time. During the past year 7 vessels have been captured by the Fede- rals in attempting to run the blockade. It is estimated that 70 vessels have entered Southern ports during the same time. The great debt and cost of the war to the Northern govern- ment : "By a late statement of the chairman of the committee of Ways and Means in the Federal House of Representatives, it was shown that there will be required, in order to pay the outstanding debts of the treasury, for which there are no funds on hand, and to carry on the war until the next session of Congress, upwards of seven hundred millions of dollars. The aggregate debt, on the 1st day of December next, will be, by the same statement, $925,000,000. But Congress must also provide for the remain- der of that current fiscal year, which will terminate on the 30th of June, 1862. Including these sums, the ofiicial Federal esti- mate is, that the public debt will amount on tbo 1st of July, 1863 — only sixteen months hence — to $1,350,000,000. This estimate does not take into account the efiects of a depre- ciated currency upon the cost to Government of its loans in bonds and treasury notes. Many additional millions must therefore be Y4 THE COKFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, added to the aggregate to represent correctly the debt which will have to be redeemed, at "*ome time, unless bankruptcy and repu- diation come in first, with only a reasonable allowance for that excess of expenditure over estimates, which is universal at AVash- ington ; the Federal debt will, by the middle of next year, reach fully up to fifteen hundred millions of dollars," March 7. McClellan commences moving his troops from Wash- ington to the Peninsula, Va. March 6-7-8. Battle of Elkhorn, or Pea Ridge, Ark. A great and desperate battle was fought between the Federals, under Generals Curtis and Seigel, with a force of 20,000 men, and the Confederates, under Generals Price, McCulloch and VanDorn, with 14,000 men. After three days hard fighting the Confede- rates withdrew on account of the death of McCulloch. Confede- rate loss, 169 killed, 431 wounded and 200 taken prisoners. Federal loss, 390 killed, 900 wounded and 300 captured prison- ers* [From Gen. VanDorn's official report.] Generals McCul- loch and Mcintosh, of the Confederates were killed. Gen. Seigel of the Federals, badly wounded. Thirty Federals were scalped by the Confederate Indians in the battle, March 7. Leesburg evacuated by the Confederates; large amounts of Confederate and private property destroyed to prevent its falling into the enemy's hand. March 8-9. Naval battle in Hampton Roads, near Norfolk, Va. The new Confederate steamer Virginia, (late Merrimac) other- wise known as the "Norfolk Turtle," "Colossus of the Roads," attacks five of the largest Federal blockading ships. The Virginia was assisted in the attack by the Confederate gun boats, "Patrick Henry," "Jsmestown," "Yorktown" and "Teaser." The Vir- ginia won a most glorious victory, having destroyed the following war vessels : Congress, burnt. 430 men, 50 guns ; Cumberland, sunk, 360 men, 22 guns ; Minnessota, riddled, 650 men, 40 guns; St. Lawrence, peppered, 480 men, 50 guns ; gun boats two or three disabled, 120 men, 6 guns ; Forts silenced, 200 men, 20 guns; Ericsson, 150 men, 3 guns. Total — men, 2890 — guns, 230. The Virginia also engaged the Federal iron clad vessel "Monitor." The encounter was a drawn battle, both vessels re- tiring at the same time. The Monitor was considerably damaged. The Virginia suffered only a trifling loss on the breaking of her iron prow. Federal loss estimated at 700 killed, wounded and drowned Confederate loss, 9 killed, 18 wounded. The self abnegating heroism of Capt. Buchanan, commander of the Virginia in the redent memorable conflict, will be generally AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 75 appreciated when it is known that his younger and favorite brother was the purser of the frigate Congress, at which the fire of the Virginia was most pertinaciously directed, and is supposed to have perished on beard of her. March 1. Skirmishing near Charleston, Va., the federals rout- ed and several killed, and 17 taken prisoners. March 7-8-9. The Confederate forces evacuates Centrevillc, Manassas and Occuquan, and falls back to a new line of defence on the Rappahannock River, Va. In retiring from Manassas, everything that could give aid and comfort to the enemy was de- stroyed ; guns, ammunition and stores were brought off in good order ; and the railroad tracks, both that leading to Manassas Gap and that to Orange, torn up. The continuation of the former to Mount Jackson, in the direction of Stun ton, will also be torn up as fast as General Jackson, of the Army of the Shenandoah, re- tires to the mountains. The New York Post says the retre.at from Manassas was the- most masterly effort in ancient or modern warfare. That it changes the character of the war, and protracts the contest for a long time. March 8. Traffic in gold and silver. Gold and silver was sold by speculators as high as 80 per cent, premium in New Orleans, and in Memphis, Tennessee, gold was reported to have been sold at 140 per cent, premium. Dealing in gold and silver was sup- pressed by authority in New Orleans. March 8-9. Capturing and harrassing the enemy near Nash- ville, Tenn. The gallant " partizan leader," Captain Morgan, if? making himself famous in exploits ; he is giving the enemy great trouble. During a late skirmish, there were sixty Federals cap- tured, also a large amount of property belonging to the enemy. March 9. Skirmish near Nashville, Tenn. Captain Scott made an attack on the Federals, completely routing them ; killing thirty and capturing a large amount of guns, ammunition, &c. Con federate loss, 3 killed, 5 wounded. March 11. The Federal army occupies Manassas, Va. On Tuesday evening, being about to be attacked by 18,000 of the enemy, General Jackson, with his small force of only 5000 fell back from Winchester, and stayed that night about four miles from that town. On Wednesday morning lOOO of the enemy took possession of Winchester. On the afternoon of Wednesday, Gen. Shields' column advanced toward Newtown, but were met and driven into Winchester by Col. Ashby's command. Be- fore evacuating Winchester, General Jackson succeeded in re- moving all his stores, baggage, etc., so that not a dollar's worth 76 THE CONFEDERATE Sff ATES ALMANAC, of public property fell into the hands of the enemy. Skirmish near Cumberland Gap, Tenn, The Federals were severely re- pulsed and forty taken prisoners. Confederate loss, 2 killed and 1 wounded. March 12. The dark days of the Confederacy. The peaceably defensive policy of the Confederate Government, during the past six months, has nerved the Federal Government to redoubled exertions in the scheme of conquering the South. The conse- quence to the Confederacy has been the loss of several important battles, reverses and loss of positions, not a few of which has been owing to bad Generalship on the part of Confederate commanders. The timid and discontented portion of the Southern people see in such reverses the doom of the South. But all true Southerners feel confident that the worst has come, and are certain of glorious success in the future. A new spirit of energy has been infused into the government, and the army, all true patriots, are resolved to conquer or die for the cause of freedom and their rights. . . . Jacksonville, Florida, occupied by the Federals, who erect bat- teries. The people destroyed part of the city before surrendering to the Federals. . . .Skirmish near Paris, Tenn. The Confede- rates withdrew their pickets. March 12-13. Skirmishing at Eastport, Tenn. The Confede- rate batteries attacked by the Federal gunboats : no damage done Attack on New Madrid, Mo. The Federals advanced and attacked the Confederates at. New Madrid, a brisk fight took place, during which the Federals were repulsed and driven back ; during the following night the Confederates suddenly evacuated the place, as it was expected that the Federals were returning with large reinforcements to renew the attack. The Confederates left behind a large number of cannon, guns and army stores. Confederate loss during the fight IG killed, 9 wounded. Federal loss 25 killed, 47 wounded. March 13. Hon, W. L. Yancey, Confederate minister, arrives in New Orleans from Europe, he makes a speech to the citizens of New Orleans, during which he said that "fie came back con- vinced that we had no friends in Europe, that we must fight the battle alone, and rely only on our own firm hearts.". .. .The Federals landed a force of 2,500 men, and attacks and capture the Confederate batteries at Newbern, N. C. The Confederates, who numbered only 700, fought bravely before surrendering. After capturing the batteries the Federals advanced to the city of Newbern and shelled the place, before the women and children could escape. Confederate loss, 45 killed, 55 wounded and 202 AND KEPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 77 takeu prisoners. Federal loss estimated at 650 killed and wounded. . . .General Lee assigned the command of the Confede- rate army under the consent of President Davis Andy John- son, the traitor, arrives in Nashville; Tennessee, and assumes the office of Governor under Federal authority. Johnson was accom- panied by his fellow traitors Etheridge and Maynard. March 14. General. Fremont appointed to a new command in the West — " The Mountain Department.". . . . A party of Con- federate cavalry was surprised by the enemy near Cumberland Gap, Tennessee. Five Confederates killed and wounded. March 15. Bombardment of New Madrid and Island No. 10 commences The Federal Senate has passed the bill for the "occupation and cultivation " of such cotton lands as the Federal armies may acquire in the South .... They are going to take the cotton lands, and work negroes thereon for the benefit of the gov- ernment. It is, to be sure, an absurd project and will be, when- ever attempted, a miserable and costly failure. It ivS a Yankee scheme, to become slaveholders in fact, while giving the slaves a nominal freedom; to work them by agents, underlings and dri- vers, without one motive to produce that kindly humanity, which is the glory of the system in Southern hands. It is a grand na- tional sham, which has in it all tlfe elements of cruelty to the negro, and the certainty of breaking up speedily under circum- stances of wretchednecs to the poor slave, and losses to the specu- lating government. . . .Cavalry fight near "Warrenton, Ya. Gen, Stewart engaged a large force of Federal cavalry and succeeded in completely routing them, killing forty and captuTed one hun- dred with their horses, &c. Confederate loss was six killed and one hundred and eighty wounded. . . .General McClellan, com- mander of the Federal army, takes the field in person, command- ing the " army of the Potomac " he delivers a long speech to his soldiers. I\Iarch 17. Attack and bombardment at Island lO, Mississippi river, continued by the Federals. The Island is vigorously de- fended. March 18. Skirmish near Point Pleasant, Mo. The Federals erecting batteries below Island 10. The Confederate gunboats advances and shells the batteries, a brisk firing took place when the Federals retired from their batteries. Three of the Confede- rate steamers were slightly damaged. A gun bursted on board one of the boats while being fired. No lives lost. March 19. Financial condition of the Confederate States. We learn that the official report of the Secretary of the Treasury 78 THE CONFEDERATE . fcTATEii ALMANAC, shows that our financial system has proved adequate to supplying all the wants of the Government, notwithstanding the unexpected and very large increase of expenditures resulting from the great augmentation in the necessary means of defence. The report exhibits the gratifying fact that we have no floating debt ; that the credit of the Government is unimpaired, and that the total expen- diture of the Government for the 3^car has been, in round num- bers, one hundred and seventy millions of dollars — less than one third of the sum wasted by the enemy in his vain effort to con- quer us — less than the value of a single article of export — the cotton crop of the year. March 22. Fighting at Cumberland Gap, Tennessee. The Federals were repulsed with considerable loss. Confederate loss Skilled, 5 wounded .... Andy Johnson, the Yankee military Governor of Tennessee, makes a speech at Nashville in which he adroitly seeks to throw all the blame for the present condition of affairs upon the South. . . .In his opinion, Lincoln is our friend, and has no idea of interfering with our institutions. March 22. A federal gunboat with a large force on board at- tempted to" land and occupy a fortification on Mosquito Inlet, Florida. The Federals were fired on by a party of Confederates and forced to retreat. Federal loss 9 killed, 15 wounded and 2 captured. March 23. Battle at Bolton's Mill, or Kernstown, Ya., Gen. (Stone Wall) Jackson with 6000 men engaged the Federals under General Shields, numbering 18,000 strong, after a severe contest the Federals were repulsed and fell back. General Jackson also fell back for reinforcements. Federal loss 175 killed, 460 wounded. Confederate loss 93 killed, 163. wounded and 230 captured .... Guerrilla fighting near Jefferson City, Mo, Fede- ral cavalry attacked Guerrilla parties dispersing them, 78 were captured prisoners, 3 killed, the Federals lost during the attack 400 killed and wounded. March 25. The Federal bombardment at Island No. 10 has been continued for nine days, without doing any material damage to the fortifications. Two Federal gunboats were sunk and three badly disabled during the attack. It is estimated that the enemy fired 2500 shot and shell at the batteries on island 10 and vicinity during the first four days of the bombardment, and wasted 60,000 pounds of powder, with iron in proportion, killing one and wound- ing two of our men. The shells which they throw at us, weigh from 190 to 200 pounds. It is estimated that one thousand Fede- rals were killed and wounded during the bombardment. . . .Bay AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 79 St. Louis. A lively naval battle occurred in this vicinity to-day between the Confederate gunboats Oregon and Pamlico and the famous Federal gunboat New London. The fight lasted three hours, and resulted in the defeat of the New London .... Pepper- ing the Yankees, St. Mary's river, Georgia. A Federal gunboat with a large force on board went in pursuit of a Confederate steamer. The Federals unexpectedly encountered a body of Confederates who opened fire on them, killing forty and wound- ing sixteen Y'ankees. The Confederates retired without loss, March 27. Battle of Gloriettn, New Mexico. The Federals completely routed, with a loss of TOO killed and captured. Con- federate loss, 68 killed and wounded. March 29. Another attuck on the Yankees at Edisto, North Carolina. General Evans, with one thousand men, proceeded to attack the enemy, which was supposed to be 2500, but found them to be 5000 to GOOO. The Confederates drove in the ene- my's pickets, killing one, mortally wounded and capturing twenty. We retired in good order. .. .Fight in Polk county, Mo. An engagement took place between the Confederate forces and State troops ; large number of Federals killed and wounded. Confede- rate loss reported to be L'S killed and wounded. . . .The Pecu- liarities OF THE Day.— In the whirl of pa.ssing events we scarcely notice the strange things that are daily happening and existing around us. How astonishing it will appear, in a few years, that a time existed vrhen planters raised corn and potatoes, fattened hogs and cultivated garden vegetables, while cotton was by uni- versal consent neglected, and this at a time when cotton was worth in Liverpool 28 cents a pound, yet selling on the plantation at 5 cents.... Our newspapers have felt the martial influence as strongly as other things. They never had so much variety as now, since Faust first pulled the press ; they are of all sizes and colors, and sometimes contain four pages, and sometimes two. They are short enough for a pocket handkerchief one day, and big enough for a table cloth another. They assume as many hues as Niagara in the bunshine, and are by turns blue, yellow, green, red, purple, grey and common brown packing paper. . . . How odd it will be to remember that certain merchandize was forbidden to be brought into the city, and certain kinds of produce to be taken out ; and that in many places in the markets and stores, dealers could sell only at prices dictated to them by a provost marshal. .... Politics are dead. A poHtical enemy is a curiosity only read of in books. We have no whigs, no democrats, no know nothings, no nothimr. Our amusements have revolutionized. The winter 80 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, has passed by without a company having been engaged at the theatre, or a single circus having spread tent. Our people have done their own playing and their own singing, and the ladies have spent the mornings in sewing coarse . shirts or pantaloons for the soldier to wear, and sung in public at night to gain money for the soldiers' equipments. .. .The President's message to Congress, asking the repeal of all existing military laws and making, con- script laws instead, reconmiends a law subjecting every man be- tween 18 and 35 years to militia service. . . .Skirmish near Rap- pahanock River, Va. Colonel Wheat enfjagcd the enemy, driving them back, killing 3, and capturing 29 Yankees. March 30. Federal raid at Union city, Tenn. A large force of Federals surprised a small squad of Confederates at Union city, after a sharp engagement the Federals retreated; Confederate loss 2 killed, 7 wounded and thirty taken prisoners. The enemy captured a large number of horses and army stores ; 2 Federals killed, March 31. Three companies of Gleorgians attacked the Yan- kees on Wilmington Island, killing one and wounding several ; Georgians lost one killed. . . . Skirmish near Jacksonville, Fla. A detachment of Colonel Dilworth's Guard attacked the Federals, killing 4 and capturing 3 of the enemy ; Confederate loss 2 killed and wounded. April 1. A party of Federals secretly landed at Island 10, and spiked several guns of the Confederate battery, and successfully escaped from the Island. April 4, Several Federal gunboats and transports passed Island 10 during a heavy storm and under cover of the night. . . .Naval engagement near Bay St. Louis, Miss. The Confederate gun- boats engaged the Federal boats. The Federals withdrew, one of their boats being badly damaged ; Confederate loss 1 wounded. April 5. Two thousand Federals landed at Pass Christian, Mis- sissippi, and attacked the Confederate camps. The Confederates being in small force, were compelled to retire, no one hurt. The Federals after committing many depredations on private propeity, returned to their boats. April 5-6. Skirmishing near Yorktown, Va. The Federals are reported to be landing in large force in the neighborhood. A heavy battle will take place at an early day. April 6. Skirmish in East Tennessee. Colonel Vaughn has penetrated Scott county, Tennessee, to Huntsville, whipped the enemy and routed him, and brought off meat, shoes, cattle and horses. He killed about forty of the enemy, and took seventeen AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 81 prisoners, losing only five men. He also destroyed all the coni- missai-y stores be could not bring away. April G-7. Battle of Shilob, Tenn. The Confederates, under Gens. Beauregard and Jobnson, advanced from their encampment and attacked the enemy. The battle commenced early on Sunday morning. The fighting was the most terrible of any during the war, both sides contending with great desperation. Towards eve- ning the Federals commenced fiilling back and retreated to their gunboats on the Tennessee river, being severely defeated, leaving behind nearty all their batteries (18) which were taken by the Confederates. General Prentiss, with 3000 men, were taken prisoners. An immense number of guns, army stores, &c., were captured by the Confederates. The lamented General Albert S. Johnson was killed early in the evening. During the night of Sunday, the Federals were largely reinforced by General Bnell with 25,000 troops, and on Monday morning the battle was re- newed with vigor, and continued throughout the day. The Fede- rals were again repulsed and defeated, retiririg to their gunboats. The Confederates moved back to their pasitions after accomplish- ,ing a most brilliant success. . . .The Confederate forces in the two days' fight numbered 38,000 men. The Federal forcQ on the first day's fight was over 58,000, on the second day the Federals were reinforced to 70,000 men. The Confederate loss was 1,728 kill- ed, 8,012 wounded, and 959 missing; Federal loss, 2,500 killed and 9,800 wounded and 3,700 taken prisoners. The Federals suffered severely in the loss of officers, nearly all being killed, wounded and captured. Generals Sherman, Tom Crittenden, Major Wallace and Lew Wallace were killed. Generals Grant, Smith and Buell were wounded. April 7. The loss of Island 10, Mississipppi river. After being bravely defended from a constant bombardment of twenty days, the Federal gunboats, with a large force, succeeded in passing be- low the island and attacked the rear batteries, and compelled the Confederates to leave their guns and surrender the island. The Confederates, before surrendering, destroyed nearly all the pro- perty on the island, spiking their guns. The steamboats, floating batteries and wharf boats were scuttled and sunk, About one thousand of the Confederates escaped from the island, after suffer- ing severe hardships. General Mackall and three thousand men were taken prisoners on the island. Many of the Confederates were drowned in*»making their escape through the overflowed swamps near the island .... Picket skirmish at Shepardstown, North Carolina. The Confederates killed two Yankees and cap- 82 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, tured nine . . . Reported insurrection in Southern Illinois. A general disposition on the part of the people to resist the payment of the war tax, followed by a protest of some twenty members of the Legislature, against the doctrines of Lincoln's message, is said to be the origin of the difficulty. The recusant members were arrested by the abolition authorities. Trouble followed, which a single regiment found it impossible to quell, when several others were sent out and the peace party was crushed at the point of the bayonet. April 8. When our army commenced retiring from Shiloh on Monday evening, General Breckinridge's brigade, with the cav- alry, was ordered to bring up the rear, and prevent the enemy from cutting off any of our trains. The cavalry mentioned were attacked by a Federal force of two regiments of infantry and one of cavalry, the latter being in the advance. At the first fire the cavalry of the enemy turned and fled, actually breaking the ranks of their own infantry in endeavoring to escape the missiles of the Confederates. The result of this dashing affair was — Federal loss, killed and wounded, two hundred and fifty, and forty-eight prisoners ; Confederates, ten killed and wounded. April II.' Battle of Fort Pulaski, Georgia. The fort was at- tacked by a large force of Federals. After a most gallant defence the Confederates surrendered. Three balls had entered the mag- azine, and a clear breach had been made in it. The balls were conical, steel pointed, and propelled with such force as to pass entirely through the wall at nearly every fire. No lives were lost during the bombardment, and only four were wounded., . .The Federals take possession of Huntsville, Alabama, and Decatur, on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad ; the enemy seized several railroad cars at Decatur. April 13. Engagement at Fort Jackson and Fort Philippe, La. (The first firing since the forts were built.) Several Federal gunboats commenced bombarding Fort Jackson at "long range." The Fort promptly replied by opening their batteries. April 12-13. Heavy skirmishing continues daily on the Penin- sula, Va. The Federals repulsed in every attack. In the fight on the 1 2th the Confederates lost 5 killed and 13 wounded ; the Federal loss was much heavier The seige of Fort Macon, North Carolina, commences. The Federals land a large force near the fort. Col. White, who commanded the Confederates, sent out a detachment and gave them battle, repulsing the Fede- rals after a hot contest. Confederate loss, 15 killed and several womided. AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE, 83 April IG. Skirmish ucar White Marsh Island, Georgia. The Federals repulsed with a loss of 20 killed and wounded. Con- federate loss, 5 killed and 4 wounded .... Battle of Lee's Farm., Ya. The Federals made a spirited attack on the Confederate lines. After a hard contested battle the Federals were severely defeated. Confederate loss, 30 killed and 55 wounded. Federal loss, 385 killed and wounded. The Confederates were command- ed by Gen. Magruder. . . .Skirmishing near Fredericksburg, Va. The Confederates were attacked and driven into the city with severe loss. The Federals under Gen. McDowell advances and compels the Confederates to evacuate the city ; large amounts of public and private property was destroyed during the hasty evac- uation. April 18. Bombardment of Forts Jackson and St. Phillippe, below New Orleans, continued. April 19. Battleof South Mills, or "Sawyers Lane," Va. The Federals were defeated. Confederate loss, 18 killed and 50 wounded. Federal loss, 200 killed and wounded. . . .Fight near Elizabeth City, North Carolina. The Confederates were defeated with a loss of G killed and 31 wounded. . . .The Confederate Senate passed a bill providing for the organization of partizan bands Skirmishing continues on the Peninsula, Va. The Confederates generally repelling all attacks of the enemy ; in the battle to-day, the Confederate loss was 18 killed and 50 wounded; the Federal loss was very heavy. April 20. The seige of Fort Jackson, La., continues day and night. Such a tremendous bombardment has never been known in modern war. It is estimated that the enemy have fired 370,- OOO pounds of powder, and lOOO tons of iron. No damage has yet been done to the fort. Two gunboats have been sunk and one disabled. April 23. Guerrilla fighting in liOgau county, Va. A largo party of Federals were routed, with a loss of 50 killed and wounded. April 24. Great gunboat battle above Fort Jacksou. On the morning of 24th inst., the Federal fleet succeeded in passing the forts. The fleet was immediately attacked by the Confederate gunboats, when a most desperate battle took place. The Confede- rate boats were all disabled and sunk. The Federal fleet advanced up the river to New Orleans. The Confederate fleet consisted of 10 gunboats, including the great ram Louisiana and "Manassas." The Federal fleet consisted of 8 mortar boats and 14 war steamera, including 4 iron clads. The Federa-ls lost 3 war vessels ; one of 84 THE COKFEDEHATE STATES ALMANAC, the largest vessels, the Pensacola, with a crew of 400 pei'sons, was sunk with all on board. Confederate loss, on board of the boats, 38 killed and 125 wounded. Federal loss estimated at lOOO killed, wounded and missing. The garrison, under Gen. Duncan, still held possession of the forts. April 25. The Federal fleet attacks the Chalmette Batteries, below New Orleans ; after a fight of two hours, the batteries were silenced. . . .On the night of the 25th inst,, the Confederate gar- rison at Fort Jackson mutinously revolted, spiking their guns, which compelled the brave Gen. Duncan to surrender the forts to the Federals. The bombardment of the fort lasted seven days, unintermittingly. Sixteen lives were lost inside the fort, and 26 wounded. No injury was done to the guns ; the fort could have been held, had the garrison continued faithful .... Fort Macon, North Carolina, surrenders conditionally after a well contested defence. Confederate loss inside the fort, was 7 killed and 18 wounded. April 25-27. Skirmishing in Tennessee and North Alabama between Colonel Scott's cavalry and the Federals under General Mitchell, Colonel Scott captures a large amount of stores and takes several prisoners. April 26. Great excitement in New Orleans. The advance fleet of Federal gunboats arrives in front of New Orleans, a party of Federals landed and demanded the surrender of the city ; im- mense quantities of sugar and molasses was destroyed to prevent its falling into the Federal hands ; General Lovell retreats with his troops up the Jackson railroad. April 27-28. Battle of Cassville, Mo. Confederates defeated with a loss of 30 killed and wounded, and 62 taken prisoners. April 28, Skirmish at Pittsburg Landing, Tenn.; Federal loss 27 killed, wounded and prisoners. April 28-29. Heavy skirmishing at Cumberland Gap, Tenn.; Federals repulsed with a loss of lOO killed, and 284 wounded ; Confederate loss 27 killed and 61 wounded. April 29. Fight at Bridgeport, Tenn.; Confederates defeated. April 30, and May 1. Forts Macomb and Pike, on Lake Pontchatrain, La., was destroyed and abandoned by the (^nfede- rates; four Confederate gunboats were destroyed in a very hasty manner. May 1. The city of New Orleans formally occupied by the Yankee General Butler .... General Morgan captures a large amount of Federal stores at Pulaski, Tenn. May 5. Skirmish near Lebanon, Tenn.; the Confederates AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 85 were severely defeated, and lost 20 killed and 35 wounded and 45 captured prisoners Battle of Williamsburg, Va.; a signal victory was gained by the Confederates, under General Johnson, over the Federals, under General McClellan ; Confederate loss, 520 killed and 1100 wounded; Federal loss, 1000 killed and 2700 wounded. May 7. Battle of Barhamsville. or West Point, Ya.; the Yan- kees were badly defeated. May 8. Battle at McDowel's, or 8itlington's Mill, Ya.; Gen. Stonewall Jackson achieved a great victory over the Federals, who were commanded by General Milroy ; Confederate loss, 350 killed and wounded ; Federal loss, 175 killed and 255 wounded. May 9. The Confederate forces evacuates Pensacola navy yard, destroying vast amounts of property Battle of Farmington[ (near Corinth,) Tcnn.; the Federals, under General Pope, were badly defeated and put to route, with a loss of 85 killed and 100 wounded ; Confederate loss, 15 killed and 109 wounded. May 10. Skirmish near Elkhorn River, North Carolina; Con- federate loss, 5 killed, 7 wounded ; Federal loss, 7 killed and 45 wounded. May 11. Colonel Morgan captures a train of cars on the Louis- ville railroad, near Cave City. May 10-11. Fighting at Parisburg, or Gibbs Courthouse, Ya. The Federals were defeated and driven from the town, with a loss of 120 killed and Avouuded, and lOO captured ; large quantities of Federal stores were taken ; Confederate loss, 1 killed and 14 wounded. May 11. Skirmish near Pollocksville, North Carolina; the Federals defeated with a loss of 10 killed; Confederate loss, 3 wounded and 4 captured. May 12. The advance fleet of Federal gunboats arrives at Natchez, Miss., and demands the surrender of the city. May 13. Skirmishing near Purdy, Tenn.; several killed on both sides. May 15. The fleet of Federal gunboats attacks the half finished batteries at Drewry's Bluff, Ya ; the Federals were repulsed with a loss of 13 killed and 11 wounded; Confederate loss, 7 killed and 8 wounded. May 17. Battle of Princeton, Ya.; the Confederates, under General Heth, defeated the Yankees ; Confederate loss, 5 killed and 17 wounded ; Federal loss, 150 killed and wounded. May 18. Skirmish near City Point, Ya.; Federals repulsed, with a loss of 8 killed and 9 captured. 86 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, May 18-19-20. Skirmishing near Corintli, Miss.; several se- vere fights occurred "without important results ; the Federals generally worsted ; in the action. of the 20th inst. 25 Confederates were killed and 65 wounded. May 18. , The advance division of Farragut's Federal fleet arrives below Vicksburg, Miss.; tlie surrender of the city was demanded. May 19. Skirmish near Warrenton, Va.; result was 4 Yan- kees killed ; 2 Confederates killed Skirmish below Vicks- burg, Miss.; 4 Yankees killed and wounded. May 18-19. Battle near Searcy, Arkansas; Federals defeated; Confederate loss 5 killed and 11 wounded ; Federal loss 45 killed and wounded. May 21. Bombardment of Fort Pillow, Tenn., resumed The Federals commenced bombarding the batteries at Cole's Island, near Savannah. May 20. A party of Federals in approaching St. Marks, Fla., were surprised by the Confederates; 17 Yankees were killed. May 23-24. Battle at Front Royal, Va.; the Federals were defeated and driven from the town ; 1470 were taken prisoners ; large quantities of Federal stores were captured. May 23-24. Battle of Lewisburg, Western Va.; the Confede- rates were defeated after a hard fight ; Confederate loss, 230 killed and wounded ; Federal loss was much heavier. May 24. The Federal army, under Gen. Banks, in retreat from Front Royal, is pursued by the Confederates, who captures several prisoners, and takes large quantities of stores, &c., near Middleton, Va. . . .Skirmish on the New Kent Road, Tenn.; the Yankees repulsed; Confederate loss '2 killed and 5 wounded. May 23-24. Skirmishing at Garnett's Farm, near Richmond, Va. A severe engagement took place, in which the Confederates were defeated, with a loss of lOO killed and wounded ; Federal loss, 122 killed and wounded. May 25. Battle at Winchester, Va, General StonewallJack- son defeats the Federal army, and takes 800 prisoners, and cap- tures vast quantities of Federal stores; Confederate loss, 124 killed and wounded ; Federal loss, 50 killed and 259 wounded. May 26. Skirmish near Grand Gulf, Miss,; Federals repulsed- The first bombarding at Vicksburg, Miss., takes place. May 26-27. Skirmish at Hanover Courthouse, Va. A des- perate engagement took place, in which the Federals were defeated with a loss of 63 killed and 279 wounded ; Confederate loss 90 killed and 232 wounded. AND BEPOSITORY OF USEFUL KKOmLEDGE. 87 May 28. A Confederate scouting party was surprised near Oakfield, Fla., and one man killed. May 28-29. Corinth, Miss., evacuated by the Confederates, under General Beauregard ; skirmishing occurred during the retreat ; General Price engaged the Yankees and repulsed them. May 31. General Stonewall Jackson falls back from Winches- ter, Va. May 31, and June 1. Battle of Seven Pines, or Fair Oaks, Va. The Federal army, under General McClellan, was defeated by the Confederates .under Gens Hill, Longstreet, and Huger ; Federal loss, 2070 killed, and 4900 wounded, and 550 prisoners; Confederate loss, 1035 killed, and 2700 wounded. June 1. Fight near Strausburg, Ya. Gen. Jackson defeats the Federals under Fremont. June 2-5. Skirmishing near Washington, N. C The Federals defeated, with a loss of 9 killed and 17 wounded ; Confederate los3, 3 killed and 4 wounded ; Colonel Singletary was killed. June 3. Skirmish on James Island, near Savannah ; the Fede- rals repubcd, 20 captured prisoners; Confederate loss, 2 killed and 8 wounded. June 4. Fort Pillow evacuated b'ythe Confederate forces Fight near Sweeden's Cave, Tenn- A party of Confederates were surrounded by a large force of Federals ; the Confederates cut their way out with a loss of l5 killed. June 5. Skirmishing on the Chickahominy, Ya. Four Con- federates wounded . . . ."Skirmish near Harrisburg, A'irginia. The Federals repulsed ; Confederate loss 40 killed and lOO wounded ; General Turner Ashby killed. June G. Naval battle in front of INIemphis, Tenn. The Yan- kee fleet, under Com. Davis, attacks our gunboats; after three hours hard fighting we were defeated ; our loss 80 killed and wounded, and 75 taken prisoner.-, and four gunboats sunk The city of Memphis formally surrendered and was occupied by the Yankees. June 7. W. B. Mumford was publicly hung in the city of New Orleans, by the order of Gen. Butler, for tearing down the United States flag from the mint. June 7-8. Fighting on James Island, near Savannah; the Yankees were again repulsed; our loss 55 killed and wounded. June 8-9. Battle of Port Republic, Ya. Gen. Jackson defeats the Yankees under Gen. Shields and Fremont; our loss 550 killed and wounded ; Yankee loss 1000 killed and wounded, and 700 taken prisoners. 88 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, June 10. Skirmish near York River Railroad, Va. Yankees defeated with a lo.ss of 45 killed ; our loss 4 killed. June 11. Battle of Cross Keys, Va. Gen. Ewell defeats the Federals under Fremont. Federal loss 1,000 killed and wound- ed ; Confederate loss 124 killed and wounded. June 14-15 Gen. Stuart makes a successful raid among the Yankees near Hanover Court House, and destroys a large amount of Federal property and captures 175 prisoners. The brave Capt. Latane was killed in th^. action. June 14. Battle of Languelle, on White River, Ark. Fed - erals defeated. June 16. Battle of Secessionville S. C. A complete victory was gained over the Federals. Confederate loss 40 killed and 100 wounded, 26 missing ; Federal less 300 killed and wounded. • June 1 8. Skirmish near Richmond, Va. Federals repulsed ; Confederate loss 9 wounded. June 25. Battle on the Williamsburg Road, Va. The First Louisiana Regiment engaged Sickles' Brigade. After a sharp fight the Yankees were driven back. Confederate loss 200 killed and wounded. Battles of the Chickahominy, before Richmond, Va. June 26, battle of Mechanicsvilfe ; 27, battle of Gainesville ; 29, battle of Frazer's Farm; 30, battle of Willis' Church ; July 1, battle of Malvern Hill. The great Federal army under Gen. McClel- lan was defeated and utterly routed after seven days hard fight- ing. Confederate loss 1,350 killed and 4,420 wounded ; Fed- eral loss 1,585 killed. 7,800 wounded and 6,000 taken prisoners. June 28. Great bombardment at Vicksburg, Miss. Seven of the Federal gunboats advanced in front of the city, passing the batteries, when a most terrific bombardment took place. No in- jury was sustained by the forts. July 1. A Confederate battery opened fire on the enemy near Coggins' Point, James River. After a sharp contest the Fed- erals retreated. Confederate loss 2 killed and 6 wounded. July 3. Gen. McClellan evacuates his position before Rich- niond, Va., and retires to the James River. July 4. The army of the Potomac was originally 230,000 strong. Prior to the 5th of April, according to the testimony of the Assistant Secretary of War, McClellan had 120,000 men at Yorktown. From the time he landed at Yorktown to the begin- ning of the great battles, he lost, it seems, in various ways, 73,- 000, and between the landing and close of the seven days' fight- ing, 98,000 out of 158,000 had been killed, had died in the AND REPOSITOKY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 89 «wainps, or had by sickness been rendered unfit for service. In less than a year, he lost nearly 100,000 out of 230,000 men, without accomplishing anything. July 8, Skirmish at Culpeper Cross Roads, Ya. The Fed- erals defeated. July 13. Col. Forrest attacks and captures the Yankee gar- rison at Murireesboro, Tenn. Federal loss 60 killed and 140 wounded and 1,900 taken prisoners. July 15. Skirmisji at Fayettevillc, Ark. Confederates de- feated The great ram Arkansas engages the Federal fleet near Yicksburg Miss. , and successfully run the gauntlet be- tween 30 gun and mortar boats, without sustaining any injury. Nearly all of the Federal fleet was damaged, and one sunk by the guns of the Arkansas. Federal loss on board the boats was 63 killed and 84 wounded ; Confederate loss on board the Arkansas 9 killed and 4 wounded. The Arkansas came down and moored under the batteries at Yicksburg ; about seven o'clock in the evening five of the Federal gunboats came down and attempted to cut the Arkansas from the shore ; the eff'ort was unsuccessful, and the fleet was driven ofi". July 21. Skirmish near Carmel Church, Ya. The Federals claimed a victory. July 22. The Confederate and Federal Governments make an agreement for a general exchange of prisoners Lincoln publishes an order authorizing the confiscating of Confederate property for the use of Federal soldiers The Federal fleet makes another attack on the ram Arkansas, in front of Yicks- burg. The fleet was repulsed The Confederates attack the Yankees at Florence, Ala., and destroy a large amount of stores, July 23. Gen. Bragg leaves Tupelo, Miss., for Kentucky. July 24. The combined Federal fleet retires and abandons the seige of Yicksburg, without accomplishing anything, after a seige of six weeks. No injury was sustained by any of the batteries at Yicksburg. The number of shells thrown into the city and at the batteries will amount to 25,000. The casualties in the city was one woman and one negro man killed, and among the soldiers on guard and at the batteries there was 22 killed and wounded. The lower bombardmg fleet, under command of Coms. Farragut and Porter, consisted of 18 gun and mortar boats, 5 sloops of war and 70 transports; the upper fleet consisted of 11 gunboats and rams, and 13 transports, under command of Com. Davis. It is estimated that 50 Federals died from sickness du- ring the seige of Yicksburg. 90 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, July 25. Col. Armstrong attacks the Yankees at Courtlaud, Ala., and captures 133 prisoners Col. Kelly attacfaf and routs a large party of Federals at Jonesboro, Tenn. Foderal loss 9 killed and 5 wounded ; 3 Confederates wounded. July 26. Guerilla fighting in Missouri. The Confederate guerillas have been successful in several attacks on the Federals in Missouri. July 29. Fight at Mt. Sterling, Ky. The Confederates were repulsed with a loss of 13 killed and 20 wounded ; Federal loss 3 killed and 7 wounded. July 31. Gen. Morgan's official report of his successful raids through Kentucky and Tennessee, amounts to the capturing of 20 towns, and taking'of 1,200 prisoners, and destroying Federal property to the amount of $600,000. The Confederate loss in all the engagements was 23 killed and 47 wounded Engage- ment on the James River near Richmond, Va. The Federal fleet repulsed. Confederate loss 3 killed and 4 wounded, July 27. Skirmishing near Bolivar, Tenn. The Confederates repulsed with a loss of 15 killed and wounded. July 27-30. Skirmishing near Stevenson, Ala. The Yankees defeated in two severe fights. Loss of both sides, 17 killed and 40 wounded. July 28. Battle of Moore's Mill, Mo. (near Fulton.) The Confederates were routed with a loss of 22 killed and 60 wounded. July 28. Skirmishing near Humboldt, Tenn, June — . The Confederates attacked and captured the Federal garrison at Summerville, Ya. Federal loss, 6 killed and 23 wounded. Confederate loss, 5 wounded. Aug' 1. Bombardment on James River, near Westover. Four Federals killed and 8 wounded. Aug. 2. Fight near Madison, Ark. Gen. Parsons surprised a Federal camp and put the Yankees to flight. Aug. 2, Cavalry skirmish at Orange Court House, Ya. Con- federates defeated, 2 killed and lO wounded. Aug. 3. Skirmish at Cox's Mill Creek, Ya. Confederate loss 2 killed and 5 wounded. Aug, 3. Fight near Memphis, Tenn. The Confederates un- der JelF. Thompson defeated with a loss of three killed and five wounded, August 4. Skirmish near Hanover Court House, Ya. Gen, Stuart captures 30 Yankees. Federal stores destroyed. August 5-6. Fighting near Malvern Hill, Ya. The Federala AND REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 91 after a hard battle defeated the Confederates with a loss of five killed and nine wounded. The Federals afterwards evacuated the place. Federal loss 30 killed and wounded. Augusts. Battle of Tazewell, near Cumberland Gap, Tenn. Federals repulsed with a loss of 94 killed and wounded. Con- federate loss 21 killed and 35 wounded' August 5. Battle of Baton Rouge, La. The Confederates un- der Gen. Breckinridge, gained a signal victory. Federal loss 730 killed and wounded. Confederate loss 42 killed and 173 wounded. August 5-8. Guerilla fighting near Stockton, Mo. The Fed- erals claimed a victor3^ Confederate loss 90 killed and wounded. Federal loss 85 killed and wounded. August (j. Fight at Pack's Ferry, Western A'irginia. Gen. Loring repulsed a large force of Federals. August 6. The great ram and gunboat "Arkansas" destroyed and abandoned by her officers. Tlic machinery of the boat be- came disabled, which compelled the crew to destroy the boat to prevent her falling into Federal hands. August C)th. The notorious Federal General McCook was kill- ed by Partisan Rangers in Tennessee. August 7. Skirmish near Decatur, Ala. Capt. Roddy defeat.s a force of Federals, killing several and capturing 123 prisoners. Confederate loss 2 killed and 7 wounded. August 8th. Fight near Culpepper court-house, Ya. The Federals were badly routed, 5 killed and 19 wounded, and 21 taken prisoners. August 8. Lincoln issues a proclamation calling for 000,000 more men to put down the rebellion. August 8-9. Battle of South West Mountain, or Cedar Run, Ya. The Confederates, under General Jackson, defeated the combined divisions of the Federal army under ]5anks, McDowell and Seigel. Confederate loss 220 killed and 670 wounded. Gen. Winder killed. Federal loss 300 killed and OOO wounded, and 400 taken prisoners. August 11. Battle of Independence, Mo. The Confederate Partisans under Col. Hughes and Quantrell, defeated the Federals, killing 29. August 11. Skirmish at Friar's Point, Miss. The Yankees defeated and put to route, several taken prisoners. August 15-16. Battle at Lone Jack, Mo. Col. Tracy, the Partisan leader, gained a great victory over the Federals, putting tliem to route with a loss of 300 killed and wounded. Corfeder- 92 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC. ate loss, 73 killed and wounded. Previous to this battle, Colonel Tracy had defeated the enemy in Greenfield, Osceola and Har- monsville, Mo, causing great havoc among the Yankees, capturing large amounts of Federal stores, and took 300 prisoners, and kill- ing over 100 of the enemy. August 16. A party of Confederates were defeated near Mam- moth Cave, Ky. August 16-17. Skirmish at Bayou Sara, La. The Federals destroyed part of the town — several persons killed. August 17. Skirmish at Loudon, Ky. The "Kirby Smith Brigade" of cavalry, under Col. Scott, routed the Federals and drove them from the place, capturing 120 men ; Confederate loss two killed. August 18. B arbours ville, Ky., taken by the Confederates; 4-5 Yankees taken prisoners. August 19 Gen Lee crossed the Rapidan in pursuit of the retreating Federal army under Gen Pope. August 20 Fight near Union Mills, Buchanan county. Mo ; Federals defeated, with a loss of 5 killed and 4 wounded. August 20 Fort Donelson, Tenn, taken by the Confederates, 1100 Federals taken prisoners. August 20-21 Fighting near Gallatin, Tenn The Confeder- ates under Gen Morgan defeats and routes the Yankees under Gen Johnson Federal loss 200 killed and wounded, and 500 taken prisoners ; Confederate loss 27 killed and 39 wounded. August 22 Battle of Big Hill, near Richmond, Ky Colonel Scott defeats the Federals, putting them to route with a loss of 23 killed and 65 wounded. August 22. Skirmish at Warrenton, Va Federals defeated with great loss. August 22 Gen Stuart surprises the Yankees at Catlett Sta- tinn, Va, routing the enemy and capturing a large amount of Federal stores, and took 350 prisoners ; Confederate loss 2 killed and 5 wounded. August 26 Skirmishing at Rienzi, Miss .A Confederate party made a dash into the Federal camps, Capturing 17 prisoners. August 27 The Federals evacuate Huntsville, Ala August 26 Fighting near Danville, Ky Our forces defeated and 40 taken prisoners August 26 Our forces capture the Yankee camps and stores at Manassas Junction. August 27 Fighting near Bridgeport, Tenn Gen Armstrong defeated the Federals after a sharp fight. Federal loss 70 killed and wounded and 2l3^taken prisoners. August -29-^00. Skirmish near'- l"?olivMr, Town. iViierais routed with a loss of 90 l:\MM and woutidcd, nnd 70 tnkcn ]>ri>- Oiioiri. Confederates 8r. killorl ntid wounded. August 28. Fioht at Thoroudifavo Gnp, \':i. Tho rodcrnls •severely dofoated, niul driven from their strong ontrcnclimonts. August 29-oU. rJattleof Mi. Zion, or Ivichmoud, Kv. (Jen. Kirby Smith achieved n signal vicfoiy over the r'edorais in two hard'fought battl..-. I'Vderal loss 17.^ killed ond 450 wounded, :>nd 4300 taken pri^-inor^- (tmiforlonto Ic--. I'^" kill-'^ nnd 800 wounded/ August 29-'>0. ^ccon-l ;';;U1l on ^l,w,.> .;.: i'i;uii,, "^ ;i. lien. Lee won a glorious victory over the Federal arri^y, under Ccn. i^ope. Oonfedei-atc loss 1800' killed and 4,000 v:oitncled. Fcde- val loss 1 0,000 killed and wQuuded, and.T.OOO taken pris^incrs. August.?!, right at Pletensori,' Tenn. "The Federals were lefcatod and compelled to evneunte their stroU'tc fortifications. August .'^O-J^cpt. i!cl. Col. Jcnldns dcfrate'd the Federals fn Severn! fighcs intiie'Kf^'.i.iwhn "\'nllpy, n.ipturing "^ovrml nri.') vou'j'''vd.. The FcdernJ.ti''^'"^"'! ^''^■arucj ].Nilled. S(?ptpu>l?.ei;.. L ,!5l^^rE;i>' 'cnnautov, i;, '. .u i-Vdends routc(iv" ' , ,. ,V • ; V. ' '^ - . • ' ScptQi}jt;oiC A. 'J5oiiiI)ardii.i 1 1 1 lU N j i chez, ] i\iri<. A^wty oi Federals landecl'at j^atdioz, and were driven Lack . to .their guu- lioats. The hoats then shelled the, city for W'vvr.il huiu-s! Two ])ersous wore' killed in the city. ' .Septoiuber od. .CoJ. Scott takes i.uvm-h.mi .;! i'i;mkiorr, Ky., a ud captures several Yunliecs. ; . . '^., . j. ^ .j . j . • - ' • ; . September 7-l0. Guerilla 'Iightmi,v iiea^, Sajt' 'llivcf, Ky. Federals routed. September 9 Tlie Conl'jderat*- Army uiidcr (iciicrai,< :.(•«> ni:d Jackson enters Maryland. September 9-lU. Col. Jenkins dcitats the Fcdoials nt Jkiclia- nan and Kavenswood, Western, \'a., capturing large amounts ot I'edcral stores. September 9th. .The Yankee garrison at Williamsburg, Xii.. was surprised and cafUh'e'd by the Conibdcrates. Federal lo.^> 15 killed and 70 takfenpri.soners, Confederate I0.-0 Vr kilk-.l and wounded. September 9. Fight at Williamsburrr, \'a. Tl,.' FedeiaU dc- 94 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, « feated and driven from the town, with a loss of 18 killed. Con- federate loss 3 killed and 5 wounded. September 9. Washington, North Carolina taken by the Con- federates ; the Federals re-captured the place after a hard fight. September 10. Skirmishing near Helena, Arkansas. Federals defeated. September 11. Great excitement was created in the country by the report of the capture of Cincinnati. September 11 . Engagement on the St. Johns River, Florida. Federal gunboats repulsed. Our loss two killed and five woundedi September 13-14. Battle of Cotton Hill, Western Va. Gen. Loring defeats ihe Federals, capturing all their fortifications, stores, &c. Federal loss 400 killed and wounded. Our loss 25 killed and wounded. Sept. 15. Fighting at Charleston, Western, Va. Gen. Loring again defeats the Yankees, driving them from the town. Sept. 14. Battle of Fort Craig, opposite Mumfordsville, Ky., Gen. Chalmers attacked the Federals, after a day's hard fighting, our forces were compelled to fall back with severe loss. General Chalmers is much to be censured for his unnecessary attack and sacrifice of liv^s. Our loss 65 killed and 275 wounded. Fede- ral loss 18 killed and 30 wounded. September 13-14. Skirmishing near Opelousas, La. Several fights occurred between Confederate partisans and marauding par- ties of Yankees. 150 Yankees were captured in one skirmish. The Confederates lost 15 men killed and 13 wounded, and fifty captured in different conflicts. September 13, 14, 15. Seige and capture of Harper's Ferry, Va. Gen Stonewall Jackson captures the Yankee garrison after three days' hard fighting. 11,583 Yankees were taken prisoners. Our loss 31 killed and 40 wounded. Yankee loss 200 killed and wounded. An immense amount of Federal stores, guns, &c. were taken. Sept 14. Battle of Boonsboro Gap or South Mountain, Mary- land. The Confederates under D.H. Hill fought a most desperate battle, repulsing the Federals and holding possession of the Pass against the enemy who outnumbered them five to "one. Federal loss 5,000 killed and wounded. Confederate loss 600 killed and 1,800 wounded. Sept. 14. Confederate Debt. Up to the first of August, 1862, our debt was $328,748,830.70 ; and for outstanding requisitions, $18,524,128.15. Receipts at the Treasury, grand total, $802,555,- 196.60. Funds to be raised by January 1, 1863, $209,550,487.06; most' of which is to bo raised by Treasury Notes. AIS-D REPOSITORY OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. 95 Sept. 13, 14. General Armstrong surprises the Federals at luka, Miss., and routes the garrison. Gen. Price enters the town on the 15th, aud captures a large amount of Federal stores, «fcc. Confederate loss 5 killed and wounded. Federal loss 10 killed, 21 wounded. • Sept. 13. Fight at Nowtonia, Mo. Federals defeated with a loss of 150 killed and wounded, and lOQ taken prisoners. Sept. 15. Fight at Ponchatoula, La. Federals routed after ;i brisk engagement. Yankee loss 5 killed and H woimded. Confed- erate loss 2 killed. Sept. 17. The Federal garrison at Mumfordsvillc surrendered tt) Gen. Buckner. 4,800 Yankees taken prisoners. Sept. 17. The Federals evacuates Cumberland Gap, Tenn. September 17. Battle of Sharpsburg or Antictam, Maryland. A signal victory was won by the Confederates under Gen. Lee. The Federals under command of Gen. McClellan numbered 00,000 men. The Confederate force amounted to :)6,()()0 men. The Confederates held possession of the battle-field for 124 hours after the fight, and made a successful retreat. Confederate loss, 1,900 killed and 6,915 wounded and 800 taken prisoners. Fede- ral loss, 2,010 killed and 9,416 wounded and 1,044 taken pris- oners. September 18, Fight near Jacksonville, Fla. Federal gun boats repulsed, September 19. Gen. Lee retreats across the Potomac from Maryland. September 19-20. Battle of luka, Miss. Gen. Price defeated the Federals in the first day's fight, driving them from their for- tifications. The second day's battle resulted in the complete rout of the Confederates, with a loss of 265 killed and 687 wounded. Federal loss, 188 killed and 582 wounded. September 20. Battle of Sheppardstown Ford, ^Nlaryland. Gen. A. P. Hill achieved a fine victory over the Federals, repuls- ing and driving them back across the Potomac with great loss. Confederate loss, 250 killed and wounded. Federal lo.d. . . .Sk''rni?^h at Fern Orcek, K3^ Federals ropulscd with ;; i(.ss of 7 hilled and wounded. . . .A report was presented to the Contcdoratc ►Senate, showing the whole number of siek and wounded soldier.s' admitted into the Hospitals in and around Kichmond, since their organization, to ohe present time, was *K),.j05, of whom 0,774 have been furlouirhed, and 7,603 have died. October o. Fijiht near b'ranklin. N. C. i^^'derals defeated, vdth a loss of 20 killed and 18 wounded !)nd 40 prisoners. October 3-4—3. Battle at Corinth, Miss. (.V)nfederates won signal victories im the iirst and second lay's fighting ; on the third day they lost the battle and wers compelled to retreat. Confederate loss, 800 killed and 2,300 wounded", and 388 taken prisone;s. Federal loss, oOO hilled and L.'^^OO wounded and 32(» taken prisoners. October 3. Skirmish :it Olive Hill, Ky. Cenerai ^lorgan defeats the Home Guards. Octobers. The Confederal es make an attack 'Ou a fleet ot r'edeial steamboats near Donaldsonville, La, killing several Vankees on board of the steamers. October G Skirmish near Big Ijurcli Mountain, Western Va.. several Yanhees taken prisoners. October 7. A party of Confederates under Gen Anderson were surprised and captured at Lavernge, Tcnn. Ocoober 8. iiattle of Perry ville or Chaplin Hill, Ky. A de- cided victory wf.s gained by the Confederates under Gens. Polk and Hardee, over the }<^ederals. Federal loss 4,000 killed and wounc''3d and 2,0O() taken i.)risoners. Confederate loss 1^,700 killed and wounded. October t). The city uf Galveston, Texas, occupied by the I'ederals ...Skirmish at Middleburg, A^a. Federals defeated. Cavalry skirmish near Chaplin Hill, Ky. The Confederates .ruder Col. Scolt defeated, vritk a loss of 1) lulled and 5 wounded. rederal loss 5 killed and 11 wounded Fight near Frankibrt, Ky. Contederates suffered v^ defeat bf the' Federals under Du- lULUit. Confederate loss, 4 killed and 7-5 taken prisoners. Fede- ral loss o killed. October lO-li. Gen. J. i:. B. Stuart, vith a force of 2,00(> men, makes a successfuk reconnoisancc through Pennsylvania, destroying large amounts ,anic amoniT the Yankee.^. Duvins; this expedition Gen. Stunrt AND REPOStTOIlY OF ISEFLTL KNOWLEDGE. '^1 iiiad'3 one of tlio most extraordinary marches on record, marching 06 miles in 24 hours Fight at Augusta, Ky. A party of Confederates after surrenderinnr '>verc fired upon by the Yankee^'. Jit: Col. Prentice v^as killed. The Yankees were afterwards ut- tacked in force and a large number killed. October 17. Pight in Harlan co., Ky. The Confederates at- tacked and defeated a large pa^ry of Union men, killing 4 and 20 taken prisoners. . . .CJuerilla lighting near Island 10, Tenn. Confederates defeated t\'ith a loss of 5 killed and 11 vrouudcd. Federal loss, 3 killed and 7 ^vounded. Octobc^r 1(S. Skirmish near TJioroughfare l«ap. Va. Confed- erates repulsed. .. .Murder of Confederates. Ten Confederate i.risoners were; .shot dead by the order of the Federal General, McNeil, at Palmyra, .Mo., on aecoiw.l. of a rai, f^kirmish nesr ^V'averly, Tenn. Our forces de- feated. October 27. Battle of Albem-iic, Bayou Lafourche, La. A desperate fight occurred in which our forces were defeated by a vastly superior force of Federals. Ourlorss 17 kiPs.'', 15 wounded, aud 208 taken prisoners. Col. ^IcPhceters of our forces v^as killed after surrendering to the Yankees A Confederate camp in Ciarkso.a, Mo., was surprised and routed ; 4 killed and 40 taken {•fisoncrs. . . .Skirmish at Snicker's Gap, Y^. IVderak- repulsed and several killed. October 28._ .flight near Fa^ jlteville, Mo. Our forces defeated, .Tith a loss <; P 5 killed. Federal loss o killed and 4 wounded. ... .A company of Confederates were surprised and routed with aheavy loss, at'^fronzella. Fin. 98 THE CONFEDERATE STATES ALMANAC, October 30, Fight at Bollinger's Mills, Ark. Our forces de- feated, several taken prisoners. October 31. Skirmish near Catlett's Station, Va. Federals routed. November 4. Battle at Williaraston. Our forces defeated by a superior force of the Yankees. Our loss, 4 killed and 32 wounded. Federal loss, 7 killed and 28 wounded. November 5. Skirmishing near Warren ton, Va. Our forces driven fVom the place, but returned again reinforced, and defeated the Federals, compelling them to retreat. Federal loss, 1 killed and 6 wounded. Our loss none Gen. McClellan, of the Yankee army removed by the Government. Gen. Burnside ap- pointed in his place. November 7. Fight at Haymarket, Va. Major Andrews at- tacked a large body of Federals, routing them and capturing 30 prisoners, besides taking a large amount of Federal stores. November 9. The Federals made a raid into Fredericksburg, and were driven from the town, with a loss of 5 killed and wounded. Confederate loss, 1 killed and 3 wounded A large force of Fed- erals attempted to land at St. Mary's Ga., and were repulsed by the Confederates. The Federals afterwards shelled the town. November 11. Fight at Castleman's Ferry, Va. Gen. A. P. Hill repulsed a large force of Federals wlio attempted to cross the river at that point. November 12. Skirmish near Nashville, Tenn. Gen. Forrest de- feated the Abolitionists near Nashville, killing 15 and wounding 87 Fight at Madisonville, Ky. Col. Johnson's cavalry made a dash into the town and scattered tlie Federals, killing 23 and wounding 100. November 19. Bombardment of Fort McAllister, Genesis Point, Ga. A heavy bombardment by the Federals was kept up for seve- ral hours, when the Yankees retired. TUB CHRONICLE & SENTINEL (PUBLISHED AT AUGUSTA, GA.) IS ONE OF THE LARGEST NEWSPAPERS ISSUED! THE CONFEDERACy. 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