$*^$*i *&mm!?> A 7 ^z^£ tZ^ S?*Z-^ Gi i ^ &&A.'d <&<#.&&&&&& iq ubtir tellies : / nj* JiO^jSOX^firnttecC vy - 1 - L\jvr Iohn Stafford, a nd are to bejeu Id at his- fhop in Chancery I ane^ oiiei' ciaa'uijt the Roller: 1641- A .•a/ - f /£ K ' / I ^ To THE RIGHT HONOVRABLE S'.THOMAS ROE Knight; Ghancellour of the mod Noble Order of the Garter , and one of his Make- files mod Honourable Privy Councell. O whom rather fliould 1 ad- drefTe this pre lent difcourfe, then to yeur Honourable fe/fe, who by your *Em6ajJie extra- ordinary for his Alajejiie of England into Germany well obfervedthecountreyand the prcfent eftate thereof, where many paf- fages here mentioned were acted. And much the rather doe I humbly prcfentit to your Honourable Patronage > becaufc, up- on that happie occafion , it pleafed our gracious God to put then into your mind l a and a Ann. Dom l6zS. .-mdortcc Gnce tliat time i The Epiftle and tonourifh therein ever fince, a ferious jconGduation of the deplorable diftra&i- ons of the Chrijiian Church $ as he did into bNeh«n.i.& good b Nchcmiahs minde 3 of the lamenta- ble eftafe of lerufalem in his time. Your nm^mTk- 1 companionate and tender affection was, miflupcraum, ' an d is (till much moved to c obferve the quamqiufnnt ... • o«j/ij /iifyfo living ltoncs or the J\ ew ierulalem lying 1 in the dultjOr drencht in their own blood, fome of her Priefts and their flocks clad in Sackcloth^ others with their people by fwordand firecaft out and banifhed *>and which is word: of all , j§ur Honour K\dl difcerned how difficult a task it was to cure this fcarfull maladie : becaufedifaffe- ; clion of parties & difTention of opinions, unlefle God prevented the mifchiefe, would not admit the binding up of the ! wound. Nor did thefe miferable cala mi- tes of Gods people only vex and grieve i your pious and religious foule^ but al/b fo routed and fummoned up your Honours samarit™ not moft ferious thoughts.that with a an hear- only piucd, • . jj,. ". j • i r but took care i tie and godlie providence, with a iincere and prudent circumiptdfc.onyouprefent- lie d As the good of the woun ded man. Dedicatory. lie confultcd with other mod learned, re- ligious & Chriilian lovers of Gods Church about the peace thereof, fo far as poffiblie may be attained, and fofarj as it lies in the power of Chriftian Princes , oi mod judi- cious Divines, and of truly jealous pccple, guided by them both : that as much as may be, we may all he c of one minde and 'ac- cord , and think,, andfpeal^ one and, the fame thing, as the facred Scripture often and flraightiy giveth us in charge. For this end Mr. John Dury a DhuW of lingular pierie & learning, truly fludious of the Church- es peace, and incomparably fedulous to advance the fame, andfirft interefled in the work by your Honourable means and incouragement , hath Co much prevailed with many illuflrious t 'Princes &> States, and the mojl' eminent learnedmen in Germa- ny, and the parts adjoyning, that the work is very wel promoted,and an heartie incli- nation wrought towards a good corre- fpondencie for Ecclefiajlicall peace. God grant your Honour life and health, that to your great comfort ; and all true Chriftians c Chriftians (hold be peace- able one with another : the devil I and the world raifc ftirs too many tomoldl the Church. tThisbyfe- verall inftru- ments figned by them will plainly.ippc.u. The Epiftle joy , you may mortly fee the work come to more maturitie and perfection. Amidfl your Honours grave and weigh- tie intendments for this and other occafi- ons of much concernement , may you pleafe to refled on this difcourfe. 1 con- ceive that there be many paflages therein very considerable for thefeand after times: and that they will make much for the ex- citing of our thanl^efulneffe to God : when we behold from what beginnings \ in an I oo and few moe yeares, Gods truth hath rifen^and Papiflicall and Anabaptifticall errour fain. It is remarkable that the points by D. Luther mainly oppofed were Indul- gences, the Popes boundlejfe power , merit of work.es 3 Purgatory, Communion but in one fynde : all 3 chiefe points and palpably and c^ftics ^e ta- an d undeniably groffe. And on the Other itfuftyedd. , fide., that he flood up againfl the J nahaf- ! tijis rebapti^ation of themfehes 3 their not baptising infants (as not commanded by jChrift;) their having all things in common ! (as had the Primitive Chriftians., 4&s 2. ! 44.) and againfl the 4ntinomians here fie s ronr e When wal- led Cities and Dedicatory. concerning th law, and other like erro- neous fancies.lt is alfo obfcrvable that Dr. Luther finking at the Popes tmlawfull power, never fought to exalt himfelfe to honour or h riches. For thoughts he faith, he himfelfe with other learned men exe- cuted Epifcopalt Authority in vifiting the Churches of Saxony , & reforming things amiQe : yet he knowing his talent fitted for the chaire of Wittenberg never would rife higher • but wrote a book concerning Chriflian Epifcepacy, and inftalled Nicolas AmfdorfBifhop oiNeoburg , and G 'cor ere Jnbaltinus BifhopofMfr/W^. And in regard that Luther [[udicd and read, as TrofeflTor , Pbilofophie of divers kinds j was well verfed in the Fathers 3 and in JfuinaSyScotusflccam & other School- men, and attained to the Greekjmd Hebrew tongues. 'he was thereby * inabled rightly, andfound/y y an ] gravely , and not k igno- rantly, rafhly, or humoroufly to judge of thefe dudies, and of their ufe in Theoloqte. It was alfo very commendable in him, that he dimked railing difcourfewithou h He' eft his wife and three children in want \\\<1 di- ftreCTe too ma- nifefta fi^nc thereof. i EturSH**- k Some who kaow nothing lo c .'bout nu .it ions an' 4 . Strife o' .vords,' die. i fi'rt.^.4. ! The Epiftle folid and concluding arguments, flighted foolifh and groundlefle calumnies, repro- ved young fludcnts forward and ra/h at- tempts without authority for the promo- ting of his caufe , blamed the headie and diforderly tumults raifedbythe Boores and vulgar fort, confefled ingenuoufly his doubting of fome points, his ignorance in Others , and craved pardon , if having beene lately a Popifh Monk, he mould in any point erre from the truth. Seeing this was - D. Luthers prudent and religious courfe, I frail never marvell at his * He- roicall Spirit i and imp/ egnable confidence of Godsafliftance, and tfthefucceiTeofhis attempts : anj on veiy good ground fa- mous and worthy Trinces countenanced and afTifted him, as a man, by his then oppo- fiteSjConvi&edof no errour, doing much fj;cod fervice in the Umverfity , offering I his caufe to any juft tnall ,appeahng from j the Pope to the Generall Counfcll, and in [UitkTi'vHdni hj s whole courfe manifefling ] a true cor- ■,;o,l pro!ut.Er.tf\ refpondencc of his life with his doctrine. Much more I might here adde, but will * The caufe required ir. And God fweetly mode rated Lutbtrs [ vehemency with P. Me- hrclthv/u mild 3ndcalm tem- per. EjjJMb^. Dedicatory. not longer dttaine your Honour from the difcourfe it felfe. 1 humbly befeech our gracious God., who inabkdD,L#/&rto be an excellent in (trument for the reforma- tion of the Chrijiian Church 3 for beating downe cferrour 3 and fettingup of Gods Truth , that he would implant in us all., quiet,temperate,and Chriftian affedions., in and love of Chrifts Name, & il ill more and more perfect the fetling of Truths and building up of his Church ., untill we all become living floncs in thefpiritual Tem- ple fitted for our God. The fa me God of peace crowne your Honourable felfe J and all fincere promoters of Chriftian peace., with peace externall and mternall here, and with eternall blifle hereafter. So prayeth he, who is Tour Honours ever to be commanded Thomas Haynca m Lvtborcn dured not to have any one called a Luthci ran. And Er/' W.s faith } Prnr- [w «di ifla dijji- diortitn nomina , Chrifli fumus omves'lib.Ep, 2. Chriftian Reader: i Avid a man after Gods owne heart , as in other refpetlsfo e- fyecially in not forgetting a- ny of Gods benefits, but fre- quently andfweetly def canting on them in his f acred fongs of praife y among many other b tejjinos, mentions Gods gracious leading his people out of Egypt, & teach- ing them by the miniftery of Mofes and jfaron. The li\e thankfulneffe to Godfhould we fljew in our* hymns of glorie to God, as for infinite other favours in thefe later times y fo efpeciallyfer our comming out of the ffirituall Egypt, by the Miniflcry of Dr. Mart. Luther. 7 he goodneffe of God to the Ifraelites and Us is much alike in both thefe our deliverances. For when Egypts tyrannic ypas growne to extremity, and Romes here- fies atfu II maturity 9 Godfeafonab ly put to b his a Thefe are a ch'efe and ex- cellent work; of the New Tt (lament Church. Rev. 4 . R.ev.7.11,12.: Rev.if-3' b When the c- vent is feene, then wee can obferve , how Godshand was in the worke The Epiftle his hand, and by Moles, then bred up in Pha- raohs Court y and by D. Luther Jate/y trai- ned up in Monkery^ Jb wed a like mercy to us both. However men did project to bind the excellent endowments ofthfe worthy men to their wne purpofs 3 God turned them to bet- ter u{e 3 andfeajoning them With his grace Jit- ted them for the conjufiun of the Old & New Egypts. God will be b plainly knowne to halpe matters of great importance at his event difpofing. He of his great Qoodneffe direUsto the right objetl his ferv ants ardent z*e ale to do good : as in judgement he lets the malicious avd envious z>eale ofbo.h Egypts perjifi in an evillcourfe to their overthrow. Hence it was, that as God took, off $. Paul from his blinde and unfeaf unable z^ealefor Mofes Law in the Phanfaicall way, and bent it to the advan- cing of the Gofpell: So he quelled Luther s As s. ?J raging fury and intent c to vex and kjllthe op- ttcSCt pofersofthePope:& put a zealous fpirit into lz - him fur the maintenance of facred Truth 3 and the downfall ofTopifh fuperflition. Jndin- deed rightly dih Erafmus judge 3 that d thole ! corrupt times called for a fharpe , and launcing i 9 . dEpfi.B.J^. fc*453* to the Reader. h tbt auncingand Carina Chirurgionj to cure heir longfejiered malxclies. For the worjhip of God and the truth of Religion was then [as amongtf the Ifraelites in Eiias time) much\ depraved and dc faced 3 and required a ma-mxni- moits and undaunted jpir it Jif^e to that in E\\- as 3 *0 re forme matters extriamly out of frame. Erafmusfaiv full Well, how difficult a tasl^e D . Lvthcr underwent y and for his ownepart and undertaking was affured y that if the c knowledge ot good Arts, of polite Lear- ning, of the Original! tongues, of the Sa- cred Scripture florifht, that the dark^fogs of Topcry could not lon^ continue undifpeid. And therefore he comply ed with all £ Princes, and § men ftudious of good letters what- fbever, to mal^e a knowing world: and would in no wife 9 though earnefllyfet upvn both by loving intreatizs andkjnde ufage % asajfoby bitter calamines 9 and harfjrj railings of the T> ontificians 9 doe any thing offpecial I moment againfi Luther. He was confident, that y if Luther, being violently oppofed andmaliced, (hould faile y yet theTrutbofCbrift y by the light of all good literature and Gods bleffing, b 2 would c He forefaw. thai by thef Novum feculutt brevi exoritu- ntm.Ub.Epi/l.^ f Even with George Duke of Sax« whom Luther found moft oppofitc to the Gofpell. Eraf.epijt.B.iz pag.41o. gHeepnifed iome for lear- ning,that they might ftrive to be praife-wor thyforit.Efw/?. The Epiftle h Icr.l.i8. would, rnaugre all the T^apifls malice , get the upper hand 3 andfpread itfelfe. ^But God was abundantly gracious to D . Luther, and made him, as Ieremy, h a de- fenced citie^ an iron pillar^ and a wall of brafle, againjl which his Jntagonifls could in no irife prevaile. Had afpirit of pride or contention, or any by-refpecl/ff Luther en work, againjl the Pope, or had he flood upon ! queftions litigious, or of an indifferent na- j turc,be could never have bequn with that cou- rage , gone forwai 'd with that confidence , come off with that honour , which he did. The blef- fing of God and a good confeiencefcr^ ! him out, to takefuch incredible painesin read- j * n Zs preaching, translating, commenting, dif puting, writing, advijing the Political! j State, dire&ing the Ecclefia flic all, reflrain- 1 ing the Papifis fury from open war, counfel- I lingfome Protejl ants from too baflie proceed, ings, preventing tumultuous deftgnes, avoid- ing fecret traps fet for him, and in daily pray- ing to G odfor the profperity of the Gofpell. JUttwc Christians will heartily blejfe Gcdfor him, and his refolute andhappy be- ginning to the Render. gwningof Reformation ; if Papifts who noto- rtuufly defamed and flandcred him in his life time, perjifi Bill to calumniate him after bis death, * God in the /aft cay will be judo c be- twecne them. Luther was (and who is not ?) fubjecl tofuch wcakjicjjes, as humanity wak$$ incident to the bcjl men. He kjicw his flips, he acknowledged them 9 he craved pardon for them. Tea, he confidcrinv,tbat he was a man 9 and might erre % intruded his learned and faith full friend ; Melandhon to rcvife and moderate fome of his T'enents after his de- ceafe. In brief Lurhers faith was admirably ftrong in bis God, his labouis and iludies of fingular benefit to Gods Church , his books and writings Very many and learned, his life moft fiou$ j and therefore his death full of comfort andbltjfed. Jccept (good Reader) this Jreatife nop prefented unto you in an £ngli(Ti dreflc^ out of the learned and laborious work. 0/Melchior Adamus .* andexpeU the Lives of other mojl godly and reverend Fathers in Gods Church j and woithy Champions, againfl the * Men may judge fome- thmg now by the good effect or his labours. i Thcfe two by^conjoyning their undies fetled truth : whereas in tl:e Counccl of Trent, though fome Divines faw the Truth] yet the major pare confirmed errouf. The Epiftle, &c. the enemies of Gods truth ^both SngliftS and forraine. Some whereof were never extan„ j before 9 others 9 but ffaringly in Englijh fet forth j all of them worthy ofeverlaUingme-\ moryfor their pomotingof Gods glory 3 and\ their love to Chriflian Truth. Thefe will\ jhortly appe are from the Pens offundry reve-\ rend jeligious ,and faith full Divines amongB us. God make all thefe labours ufefull to, Gods peefle y and us allthankfull for his Di-j Vine and graciSus goodnejfe to thefe laH and worji times. Yours in all Chriflian offices Tho. Hayne. ^S^imS^^^'w : ^iS^^fm^ki^^) To the pretious Memory of Dr. Mart. Luther. W El fun thrfc gtnth Quils (whqfe ere they be) Wkofe meritorious labours fiaH fet free The Vrnt imprifmed Duft of that renown \d Thrice famous Luther : Let hk head be crown d Vt ithfacrcd f Immortality, and fais'd Much rather to be wondredat thenpraj/d. Let Babes unborne\ like fruitful? plants bring forth To after dayes new Monuments of his worthy And time-outlaftwg Name : that Babels Whore And all her b di* pate panders may evn rare Forveryanguifh-i and then gnaw and bite Their tongues for malice ', and their nailesforfpite^ Whilft men made perfeft in his well knownejlory May all turnt Patrons^ andprotett his Glory . Francis Quarles. ^^(^(^f^f^.f^ : (^(^fmr^(^ft»^ <^^lfetS»fflfe<&b '^ : «sfc(£»(£a*(^ £&tA»£& Wffc** bUckeftchudtofRomffi errourtbafe^ Had quite are-find Truths amiable face y AndAntichrifis ore-topping tyrannic Had chain d all Europe to idolatry 5 Then 9 fuddenly andftrangely Goddidraife (To Romes deepe admiration and amaze) Renowned Martin Luther, dauntkfy To vindicate his Truths and Rome defie. He, maugre all their fpight and fury fell* Did PapaB fogs of Err our cleane expel/ ; Clearing the Sun of Truth tofuchpure light As 9 everfince, hath fo one abroad mofi bright* 0/Hercules hh Club, what talk &e> then £ Since Rome is ruin dmth great Luther s Pen. I. Vicars. ^^^^f^fm.^ : (mm(mf^(m(S»fs^ LIFE AND DEATYH of D r . zZXfartin Luther. H E Family of the .Luthcrs was ancient , and fpred into divers parts of the Territories of the Bark of Mansfield, It conilfted of the middle degree of Men. The Parents of Martin Luther firft li- ved in Ijleben a town in that Earl- dome : thence they went to dwell in Mansfield, the place,of which theEarldome took its name. There lohn Luther father of ^Martin porTefled Mettle Mines , bore office , and for his integritie was in good efteeni amongthe beft Citizens. CMargaret Lindeman was the wife of lohn Luther , and Mother of Marti* ; fhe was a woman commendable for all vermes befetming a worthy Matron, ejpecially for her modefty , Teare of God , and calling on his B name : Luibert pa- rentage. Thence M. Luther went to Iflnjk.Ia. Epi(i. Tom. I. pag. »»7. The birth of Lmhtr , An. «4*3« Aetml'w put him to Schoolc, An. Dom. '496. John Remedy his School- fellow at Maidebiffg. +An. 1498. he went to jfi- The Life of D r . Martin Luther. name : So that (be was a pattern of vertue to many others. UMdrtittLut her was born of Ijleben , vf/w. Dem. i4%$.Novem.io.at 9. acIockatnightonS c .Af*m>M day: and was thence call'd Martin. His parents brought him up in the knowledge and feare of God , according to the capacitie of his tender yeeres, and taught him to read at home, and accu- itomed him to vertuous demeanour. The father of George Aemilius ( as Luther often hath related ) firft puthimtoSchoole, where though thetrueth was much darkned by clouds of Popery , yet God pre- fervedftill the heads of Catecbifme, the Elements $f the Cifioian Grammar , fbme tfalmes and formes of prayer. At fourteene yeeres of age, he with Uhn Reineck, who proved a man of efoeciaU vertue and authori- ties thofe parts , were fent to Magdeburg. Whence a league of intire friendfhip ever continued be- tween thefe two ; either becaufe of a Sympathy and agreement of their natures, or their education together in their firft itudies. At Magdeburg he, as many others bornof honeft parents, lived a poore Scholler for the fpace of one yeere. Thus even the I great eft matters have fmallbeginmrtgs , and [cat -ce any thing is highly exalted, butfnm a loivly degree. Thence by his parents he was removed to Ifenak, where was a Schoole of great fame .- here was a Schoolemafter , who (as Luther by experience found, and would profeflfe) taught Grammar more dextroufly and truely. One reafon alfo of his being fent The Life of D r . Martin Luther. lent thither was, becaufe his Mother was bdrn there of a worthy and ancient family. There he perfect- ed his Grammar learning , and being of a very quick wit , and by nature fitted for eloquence , he foonefurpafled his School-fellows in copioufneffe of fpeech and matter, and excelled in expreffion of his minde both in profe and verfe. Upon this his tafting the fweetnefle of learning, he was inflamed with an earneft defire to goe to fome Vnivcrfitie, the well-fpring of all good litera- ture •, and furely had he met with good and com- mendable Tutors,he by his piercing wit had attain- ed all good Arts: and perhaps he might by the milder ftudies of true Philofophy, and diligence in well framing his ftyle fomewhat have tempered the vchemencic of his nature. He went to Erford An. ijoi . Where he fell upon the crabbed and thorny Logick of that age : which i hefoone attained , as one who by the fagacitie of his wit, was better able to dive into the caufes and other places of Arguments then others. Here, out of a defire of better learning, he read over Cicen, Livy, Virgil, and other monuments of ancient Latine Authors. Thefeheperufed, not as a child, to glean Phrafes from them : buttodifcern what therein was ufefull towards the right con- forming of mans life. And to that end lerioufly obferved the counfels and grave fentencesin thofe writers: and having a faithfull and fure memory, what ever he read or heard , be had it ftill in readi- nefleforprefentufe. Hereby he fo excelled in his B 2 youth, How he per- feded his Grammar learning. Lmbtn love to learning. He ftudied at Erford, An. xyoi. His courfe in his reading. The Life of D\ Martin Luther. 1 His being M.of Arts, An. 150.$. or as others , His ftiidy of the Law. He entred the Monafte- ry, An. 1504- d He taketh his leave of his fellow Students, Tom. i.epijl. youth , that the whole Umverfitie admired his wit. When at Erphord he was graced a with the de- gree of M after of Arts at twentie yeeres of his age, he read,asProfeflbur,^ri/7tf//^ Phyficks t Eihicks and other parts of Philofophy. Afterward his kindred feeing it fit that fo worthy indowmentsof wit and eloquence mould be cherifhed for the publique good, by their ad vife he betooke b himfelf to;the iludy of the Law. But not long after when he was 2i. yeeres old, ofafudden behdes the purpofe of his parents and kindred (upon an affright from his faithfull mates violent death ) he betook himfelf to the Augufttnc Monks c Colledge in Erphord. But before he entred the Monaftery, he entertained his fellow d ftudents with a chcerfull banquet : and thereupon fent them letters valedictory; and fend- ing to hisparents the Ring and gown of his degree ofMafterof Arts , unfolded to them the rcafon of the change of his courfeof life. It much grieved hisparents that fo excellent parts fhould be fpent in a life little differing from death. But for a mpneths fpace no man could be admitted to fpeake with him. Nor was it povertie, but the love of a pions life, which bent his minde to the Monaftical life. In which though he fpent his time in the ufual fchoole learning, and read the Writers upon the Sentences, and in publique difputations clearly opened their inextricable labyrinths to the admiration of many: yetbecaulein thiskinde of life he fought not to ennoble The Life of D r . Martin Luther. Luther meets wirhaLatinc Bible. ennoble his fame, butto further his ftudy of a pious lifc^ he looked into thofe ftudies but upon the by; and with much eafe attained their Scholaftical methods. When on a time inthe Library of the Colledge, running over the books thereof in order, he met with a copie of the Latine Btble , which he never faw before $ There with admiration he obferved that'there were moe Evangelical and Apoftolical texts then what were read to the people in Chur- ches. In the old Teftament with great attention he read the ftory of Samuel and Anna his mother : and began towifh, that he was the owner of the like book •, which not long after he obtained. Here- upon he fpent his time.on the Propheticall and A- poftolicall writings, the fouutainesof all heavenly doctrine , feeking thence to enforme his minde with Gods will, and to nourilhin himfelf the feare of God, and true faith in Chrift from trueand.un- doubted grounds. Some ficknefle and feare whet him on to attempt thefe ftudies more earneftly. It is faid,that in this Colledge Luther in his youn- ger yeers fell into amoft violent difeafe, in fo much that there was no hope of life : and that an ancient j foknefle^ft. Prieftcame to him, and with thefe words comfort- ' ed him. Sir, Be of good courage, for four difeafe is not mortaU : God will raifc you up to be a wan who (halt afford comfort to many others. At the firft,the Monks handled him fomewhat hardily , whileft he per- formed the office of the Cuflos, and was compelled to cleanfe the uncleane places : as alfo to walk up B 3 and Luther (dl in- to a srievous A Prieft comforted him. The Monks ufed him hardly. The Article of remiflion of fumes ex- plained. Bernard' Ser- mon on the Annunt. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. and down the Citie with a bagge or wallet. But up- on the requeft of the Univet fitie, of which he had been a member, he was eafed of that burden. He was often cheered up by conference with the ancient Prieft ; to whom he revealed his feares and fcrupies of minde , and heard him difcourfing of faith at large,ahd going on in the Creed to the Ar- ticle. 1 beleeve the Remtfsw of fins. Wfiich he thus explained. Namely, that a man muft notonely in generall beleeve that finnes are remitted tofome men, as to David, and to Efler, for this the devils beleeve : but that God commands, that we fliould each man in particular beleeve , that our finnes be forgiven us in Chrift Jems. This expefkion,faid he, is confirmed by S\ Bernard: and (hewed him the place in his Sermon upon the Armuntiation : where thefe words are to be found. But adde this, and be- leeve this alfo, that thy fins are forgiven thee for Chrifis fake This is the Teflimony in thy heart, which tbejpirit of God giveth, faying, Thy fins are forgiven thee. For the Apofile thus determines of the matter ; That a man is freely jufttfied by faith, Luther faid , that he was not onely confirmed in the truth ; but alfo put in minde of Saint Paul ever in thefe words, aflerting this tructh : We are j 'up fed by faith. Concerning this point, after that he had read the expofitions of divers men, he further faid, that from the fpee- ches of Paul, he obferved to accrew unto himfelf much comfort , and great light to difcerne the vanitie of other interpretations , which then were «fed. Then The Life of D r . Martin Luther. Then he began to read S c Auguftines workes : where both in his Comment on the Pfalmes, and in thebooke, of the Spirit and letter , he found many evident places,which confirmed this doctrine con- cerning Faith c , and the comfort, which was before kindled in his breaft. Yet did he not utterly caft of the reading of Gabriel and Camaracenfis, writers on the Sentences,but was able to recite them by heart in a manner. He fpent much time in often reading Occam , and efteemed him for acutenefle of wit before Thomas Aquinas and scotus : alfo he ftudi- oufly perufed Gerfon. But chiefly he read often Au~ ftins workes, and kept them well in memory . This earneft profecution of his ftudies he began at Er- fhord: and fpent there five yeers in the Colledge. Intheyeare 1707, he put on the priefts hood. The firft Mafic which he celebrated, was May 2. Domini Cant ate. Then was he 24. yeares old. In this eourfe he continued if, yeares } to the yeare of our Lord 1727. At that time lo. Stauf ictus , who endeavored to promote the univerfity of Witten- berg lately begun , defired that the ftudy of Theo- logie fhould there flourifh, and well knew the wit and learning of Luther: and removed him to Wit- tenberg , An. ijo8. when he was 2$ r yeares old. Herein regard of his daily excrcifes in the fchooles andhisfermons, Ae eminencyof his good parts did more and more (hew taemlelves. And among other learned men , who attentively heard him Martinu* Mellurftad, commonly cal'd Lux mundi, the light of the world, often Uid of Luther : that there He read S e Augnjline. And writers onthefen- tences. He began to fayMifle An. 1507. B. i. Epift. 1. He was re- moved to n'ittenbeig An. ifo3. Mctiurfiads Judgement of Lutber. * •8 He waspro- fefforot Phi- lofopliy at Mttinlterg and inveyes a- gainft Arift. Tom. i. E- pft. 10. He went to Rome An. 1510. What manner of Mafles at Tlome. Tom. 6.1cn. Getm pag.8 8. He was made Dofior of Divinitie,A. 1512. The Life of D\ Maritn Luther. there w*s in him fo noble a flraine of wit, that he did 'verity frefage, that he would change the vulgar courfe offludtes, which at that time wm ufuall infehooks, and prevailed. At Wittenberg Luther firft explained Ariftotles Lo^ick and Phyjtckes .-yet intermitted not hisftudy ofDivinitie. Three yeares alter, that is An. 15-10. he was fent into Italy and to Rome in the behalfe of his Covent, for the deciding of fome controver- amongtheMonkes. There he faw the Pope, and the Popes palace, and the manners of the Roman Clergie. Concerning which he fayth: / wm not long At Rome: There Ifayd, and heard others' fay CMaJfe : but in that manner ; thatfo often as I call them to minde, Ideteft them. For at the Table I heard among other matters fome Curtifans laugh and beafl, and fome con" cerning the bread and wine on the Altar to fay: Bread, thou art, and bread thou fhalt remaine •; Wine thou art, and wine thou fhalt remaine. He further addeth, that the priefts celebrated the Mafles fb haftily and perfunctorily ,that he left of faying MalTe,before he betookehimfelfe to the Gofpell. And cried out, Away with it, away with it. In talke with'his familiar friends he would often rejoyce at this his journey to Rome, and fay 5 that he would not for ioco. florens have been without it. After his retnrne from Rome, £f4fl^/. »4 He wrote to Staupxius. He wrote to the Pope. T. I. Epijl. Ecl(ius oppo- feth Luther. Frimas wri- tethagainft L utber. Tom. i. u'itt.p. 107. Lutbcrszniw. The Life of D\ Martin Luther. the' common talk about Indulgences had never been. Luther anfwercd : / am content [0 to do : and had ra- ther obey , then work miracles, if I could well do them. He wrote alfo to lob. Stanpiciu* the Vicar of the AuguJlinianpaYtie: and givethhim an account of his proceedings , and fendeth to him the Anfwers of the difpntations concerning the validitie of In- dulgences to be imparted to Pope Leo the tenth. In thefe he (hewed the Pope how inconfiderately and fordidly the difpoters of his Indulgences had abufed his authoritie. He alio annexed thereunto the Proteftation , which is extant in the r. Tom, of his works. Now alfo \ohn Eckiu* oppofed Luthtrs conclusions, withObilifcesormarkesofdifgrace.To them Lu- ther oppofed his Afterifces or notes of approbation. After this Silvefter Prierias a Dominican, and M r of ( as they call it } the facred Palace, very confidently enters into the quarrel 1 with a Dialogue and pre- face to Leo the Pope. In this writing Prierias fet downe certaineThefcsfor the ground of his judge- ment. Luther anfwered him and oppofed the facred fcripture to the authority of Thomas Aquinas, whom Prierias cited. Upon this a reply was made againft Luther : in it Prierias fayd that he liked it well, that Luther did fubmit himfelfe to the flea fur t of the Pope • was not ambitious ^ and did defend Thomas , as the Angelical Doctour. Luther anfwered this with an Epiftle onely to the Reader: St together with other matters, fayth.I//^ Pope and Cardinals be of the fame opinion , if at Rome the fame deflrine be taught, there is no The Life of D r . Martin Luther. no doubt, but that Rome is. the very feat of Anttchrifl : and that Greece, and Bohemia, and all others are happie, that the) made a departure from the Pope : and that new commendations of the Pope were day ly invented to pre- vent the calling of a lawfuH Conned. Afterward lo. Hogofiratus a Dominican writeth bir. terIyagainftL«/^r&exciteththePopetoufe the rounder courfe of fire and faggot. Luther anfwered him in briefc, and told him of his cruell bent : and wittily taxed the ignorance of the man : and admo- nifheth him not to proceed to feeke laureolam in muftaceo^he laurel garland in fo mean a perfection. Intheyeere ijiS. hut her, though moft men difTwaded him,yet to (hew his obfervance of autho- rity, went (•for the moft part on foot) to the col. ledge of Hidelberg. htHerbipolis the Bilhop enter, tained him courteously. So alfo did Wolfgang the Count Palatine at Hidelberg. In the Collcdge of the Auguftinians now cal'd the Colledge o{ Sapience, he difputed about Juftification by faith. Bucer was there prefent , and by his quicknefTe in writing tooke what Luther fpake , and imparted all to Beat, Rhenanus, who gave Luther much defcrved commendations. Ofthis difpuation Luther thus lpeaketh. The DoUours admitted my diluting with them willingly >and argued the matter with me with much modeJly,that in that very regard,! hold them worth much commendations. For though they thought that Divinity ftrong,yet they all argued ferioujly andfirongly againft it, except one alone , who was tht fifth of them a lunior Do- clour : He made ail the Auditory to laugh by faying, if the Ruftick '5 L«//;fn con- clusion con- cerning /taMf. Hogopatus controvcrGc with Luther. Luther gocth to Hidelberg 1518. *6Cal.of May. See the The fes. T#«r. *.pag.i 4 i. Bucer prefent. L*/Awfpcech of that depu- tation. 16 The Life of D . Maritn Luther. *Tom.j.rfft. ment appro ved. The declara- tion of Lw then Propof. Tom. i . fat. Ruflick rent .Jhoitld heare tfris , they would ft one and killus. Upon Luthers returne he wrote an Epiftlc to * ludocus a Divine and Philofopher of \fenac } once hisTutour. Where he hath this fpeech. otf// the Doff ours of Wittenberge (in the doffrinc concerning ubcrspclec- grace and good wor kes ) are of my Judgement, yea the whole Vmverfity except one licemiat Dortour Sebafli- an : even the Prince himfelfe and our Ordinary Bijhep, and many of the Chief taines 3 and all the ingenious Citi zens withjoynt confent affirme , that before they neither knew, nor heard of the Gofpel, nor ofchrijl. After that he put forth in print the refoltttions and declarations of his proportions about lndulgences } w ck he dedicated to Pope Leo the 3. as was before f aid. The caufes of his printing them were,as he faid .• tomiti- gate his adverfaries jofatisfie fome mens requefl^ and not to fuffer fome to conceive t that the whole buftnefe was determined. For he confeffed that of many things he yet doubted, of fome things he was ignorant t and did per- tinacioufly affirme nothing •, but did humbly fubmit all to the Popes determination. Hereupon Maximilian the Emperour being f'olicitous of the event of difputa- tions of this nature , moved the Pope to interpofe his own authoritie. The Pope by Tho. Cajetan Car- dinal cited Luther to Home. This he alfo defired of Frederick Elector of Saxony. Luther having notice hereof, mainly indeavoured, that the caufe might be handled in Germany under competent Judges: and at length he prevailed , by the mediation of Wittenberg * Vniverfity to thePope,and by Charles Multitim Luther cited to Rome.Tom. i. Lai. Wilt. fig. 203. * torn, i.pag. 106. The Life of D r . Martin Luther, \7 On Saint Mm lp day. Tom.i.epijl.p. 83. v Vii;t was re- quired of him. (Jlfultitiw a German the Popes Chamberlain , and the mediation of the Elector of Saxony to Cre tan then the Popes Legate , that at Aujpurg bef^rcthe Legate himfelf Luther might plead his own caufe. Aboutthe beginning of October, Luther came on foot to Aujpurg , in his hood borrowed of fVencef lam Lmkim , and much wearied with the journey: and upon afTurance of his fafetie was admitted to the Cardinals pretence. Who admomihed him, firft, "To become a found member of the Church, and to recant the errours, which he had divulged : fecondly,to promife that he would not again teach his former do- ctrines : thirdly, that he would abjtain from ether do- ctrines , which would difturb the peace of the Church, Here alfo it was objected to him, that he amy ed the Me- rit of Chrifl te be a treasure of Indulgences : and that hetdught that faith was neceffary for all which jhould come to the Sacrament. Cajetan proved bis own opi nion by the decree of Clement the fixth,andat large ! knded the extolled the authoritie of the See of Rome, as being £ ilfly preferred before all Scriptures and Councels. After much debating the matters, £*tf&rintreated fome time to deliberate thereon ; and returned the next day, and in the prefence of fomc witnefTes and a Scribe, and foure ©f the Emperours Counfellors, prorefled, that he gave the Church of Rome all due obfervance, and if he had Jpoken any thing dijfenting from the judgement of the Church, he would t ever fe n: but could revoke no enow , being not yet convicted by ! Scripture of any , anddidappeale to the judgement of t he I Church. Hereupon the Legate , (harply chiding D Luther, Caftan de- Pope. Lathers an- fwor to the Cardinal i8 Tom. i.epijl. p. 96, b. & 99. b. Cdjeutu Let- ter to the Dulf? o£ Saxo- ny. : he Dulles anfwer. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. Luther, difmifled him, and dealt with Sf4*0/*7/*r to bring Luther to revoke , what he had taught. But Luther not convinced as yet by Scripture, perfifted in the trueth. Yetat length fearing leaft the Car- dinal mould make more ufe of his power and great- nefTe, then Scholarlike difputations, he appealed to Rome, and departed from Aufpurg, Offtb. 20. Be- caufethe Cardinal charged him not to come into his prefence , unlelTe he would recant. Yet Luther left behind him anepiftle to the Cardinal, and af- fixed thereunto a formal appeale unto the Pope. Cajetan took Luthers departure in ill part , and wrote to the Duke of Saxony, that he would either fend Luther to Rome, or banifh him out of his territories, and intreateth him not to give credit to Luthers defenders, and to take heed of flawing the illufirions Family, whence he was defcended. The Eleftor returned an- fwer : That now it w/ts not in his power to do this , be- caufe Luther was not convicted of any errour , and did much good fervice in the Vniverfttie , and did offer his caufe to triad and d/Jputation. The refolution of the Duke was more confirmed by an Epiftle of Eraf mus , and theinterceffionandvoteofthe^/^r- (itie of Wittenberg. Here I may not paffe over a no- table proofe of Luthers Heroike courage. When Luther came to Aufpurg, he by the counfell of fuch as the Prince Elector fent with him , waited three dayes for to have the Emperours Letters for his fafe- tie. In the mean time the Cardinal fent one for Lu- ther : but he denyed to come, untill the Emperour granted what he defired. At this the meflenger was The Life of D r . Martin Luther. was offended and faid : Do you think that Prince Pre derick will take up armes in your behalfe f I defirett not, faid Lutheran any wife. Then the Partie ; Where then will you abide f Luther anfwered ; fender the cope of Heaven. The Italian replyed : Had you the Pope and the Cnrdwals in your power , what would you do ? I would t faid Luther : give them all due honour and reverence. At this the Meflenger after the Italian manner biting his thumbs, went away. Upon thefe dealings Luthers {pint fainted not, yet leaft he fhould caufe detriment or danger to any one, or derive fufpicion on his Prince, and that he might more freely dealewith the Papall crue, would have gone into France or fome other coun- trey. But his friends on the contrary , counfelled him to flick firmely to Saxony ? and that the Popes Legate mould be certified, that Luther was ready in any fafe place appointed him to make his anfwer. But Luther having fetled his refblution to depart, tooke his leave of the Prince Elector, and by a letter fent to him, Novemh. 29. thanked his HighneiTe for all friendly offices of his love. The Prince fent that letter to the Legate: and appointed Luther to abide at Wittenberg. Of this Luther thus wrote: The Prince was full) minded t t hat I jhouldjtay ; but what his mtnde now is jfince the Royal proceedings arepublijhed, and I have appealed to the Councel, 2 know not. For he underftanding by the Cardinals Letter, that Judgement mould paiTe on him at Rome , he made auew Appeal, faying, that he was forced of ne- cefsitieto appeal fiw the Pope to the Councel enfning i D 2 which '9 Lutbiys con- ference with thcCaidinals mcifenger. Luther was intended to goe from Saxony. Tom. 1. epiji. pag. 1 zo. Luther a p- pzalerh from the Pope to the Councel. An. 1 J 1 8. 20 Cbiaki taitti fent to bring Lutber to Rome, The Life of D r . Martin Lutber. His fpeech concerning Lutber. Fr When Luther aiTented thereunto, Eckius presently procured for him a pub- lique grant of fafety and liberty to difpute. This Eckius did out of an aflured confidence of vicl:orie and renowne to himfclfe , by confirming that the Pope is the Head of the Church, lure Divino, by Divine right : which Luther denied. Hence Ecki- ^tookeoccafion at large to flatter the Pope and demerit his favour, and to derive much hatred and envieonLuther. This the bold champion ftoutly attempted in the whole difputation, but was not a- ble The Life of Dr. Martin Luther. ble to make good his caufe, or confute hut her. Eckitu chiefe arguments were : that the Church could not be without an head, feeing it was a body con- fiding of fcverall members. Then he produced the place in Matthew : Thou art Peter drc. and fbme fpeeches ofS'Ierome and Cyprian, and the Counccl of Conftance , where againft the Articles of the HuJf/tes,it\if2LS concluded : That it was necejfary to falvatton, that men fhould beleevethat the Pope was the \oecomentcall Bijhop, orChrifts vicar over the whole world. Afterward they en c red into difpute about Purgatorie , and Indulgences , ( but in brief e) about re- pentance, about remijfion both of fin and its pumjhment, and about the power ofpnefts. The two laft dayes Ca- rolofiadius diiputedagaine, -nd on the 14. day of July the difputation ended.This difputation was fet forth afterward by huther , who granted that the Pope by humane right was head of the Church Where- upon Duke George inviting hut her and Eckitu to dinner,and embracing both of them,fayd : Whether the Pope have his author ty by divine or humane right. Pope he is. hut her afterward changed his opinion about this poinuBefore this difputation at heipjLk, hut her was defired by Charles Multitim to goe to Confluence, there to plead his caufe before him be- ing the Popes CommifTary. But huther excufed himfelfe , and (hewed that for many reafons, he neither could, nor ought to goe thither. In theyeerd 1720. upon Mult mm advife, huther wrote to the Pope, and fenthim his,booke lately written concerning Chnftian liberty, and offered con- ditions Ec k}Ui his argument. Epift. Tom. 1. p. 176. Luther wrote to the Pope An. 1520. »4 The Divines ofLovan 2nd Cullen oppofe Lutber. Lutbtt writeth to Charles the fifth Empe- rour. The Life of D r . Martin Lutber. ditionsot peace. About this time Fredenk the £• lector fell into a grievous ficknefTe. Whereupon Luther moved by fome friends, and out of Chrifti- an charity wrote the booke called Tefjeradecas to comfort him. Then alfohe wrote the book of Con- fejfion of fins : in which he took occafion to fpeak of vowes,and deplored their torturing of mens con- ferences. And whereas in an other Treatife written by him, he h^d faid : that he judged it behoof efuU t tf the C eunc el would fo permit, that the Lords fufjier jhould be adminiflred to all in boihkindes : This fpeech, be- caufe it directly crofTed the laft hater an Co'^cel, was excepted againft by many : amongft wh, m was \$hn Bifhop of Mifnia •, who prohibited the the Churchmen under his jurifdicStion to admini- fter the Lords fupper in both kindes , and enjoyn- ed them to jSipprefle huthers booke. Luther maintained his caufe and anfwered his Edj&. In the mean time the Divines ol Lovan ( consulting with Adrian Cardinal of Derthufc then in Spain ) and the Divines of Cullen by a decree cenfure fome of Luther s booties as wicked and worthy to be burnt : and held it fit that Luther Jhould recant his opinions. W hen Lutber heard of this, he anfwered every partic lar punctually. And becaufe he found fo many and fo great adverfaries,he wrote to Charles the fifth new- ly created Emperour : aud intr eating pardon for this his addrefTe, humbly befought him, that he would fo long one ly afford him protection , as that he might give account of his prcceedngs } a*d overcome t cr be overcome : becaufe it would welt befeeme the Imperi- dl The Life of D r . Martin Luther. rtd power not to permit the innocent to be violently handled, and trampled on by their wicked adver fries. To the fame purpofe he wrote to other the Dukes and Lords of the Empire, and fhewed them how he began and was drawn into thefe attempts. Not long after he wrote to Ksilbcrtus \^4rchbifhop of Mentz,, Cardinal,and in fubmiffive manner (hewed how he was condemned by two forts of men-, one who never read his books ; thegbcr , who read them , but with hearts full of hatred and prejudice. The Bifhop anfwered,that he heartily defircd, that all facred mat- ters jhotdd be handled both $j%j$i\\ Hulderikc Hutten.Syl- vefier de Schavenhttrgen. Of whom the faid Sylvefter wrote MMMMM The Life of D r . Martin Luther. wrote to Luther, and intreated him , not to depart into Bohemia , or into any other countrey , but to come to him , during the time of the Popes exa- fperation and menaces , and promifed that an i©o. French Horfe mould attend his fafetie. Hereupon Luther taking courage admoniiheth Spalatinm, that this courfe mould by the Letter of Duke Frekerik, be made known to the Cardinal of S\George. The fe are Luthers words . I fend you the Letter of Sylvefter Schavenb. the French Knight, and were it not dijp lea- fing to you, ldefirethat by the letter of the Prince, no- tice may he given to the Cardinal ofS\ George, where- by they may know, that Jhould they wtth their threats and curfes expeHmefrom Witten.they /hould effett nothing elfe,but to make a had matter much worfe. For now there are notonely tn Bohemia , but even in the midfi of Ger- many fuch Princes, who both will and can defend me from the threats thundredout again (I me by mint adver- saries . And then perhaps it ntayfo fall out, that biding under their protection , J jhall more ftrougly bend my forces againfl the Romanips , then if under the Princes government , I Jhould publiquely per forme my place ts Reader of Divinitie. This, unleffe God prevent it, will doubtleffe be the ifue of this matter. Hitherto I have given all due rejj>e£? to the Prince , but then, if I be pro - vokedby ill ufage , I jhall not need tofubmit unto him. K^And therefore in what matters [oever 1 have not fo roughly dealt with them , let them attribute my forbea- rance therein not to my modefty, nor to their tyranny, nor their deferts , but to my reJpedJ to the Prince , and to his author nie , as alfo to the common good of the Students E 2 Of Tom.i.eplfl. 28 Tom. i. Lit. p. pa?. 66.. Book ofCap- rivicic of Ba- byl on. The Pope calied Anti- chntt. An. x$io. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. of Wittenberg. Concerning my (elf , / venture upon the danger , and cent emne Kernes both fury and favour. Let them cenfure and burne all mine, I will not be recon- ciled to them, nor at any time hereafter joyne with them. On the contrary I ( unleffe I can get no fire ) will burn aU the PomificUn law, the fink of bcrefies -, yea,l will put an end to my humble obfervance, which I have hitherto in vaine /hewed • and wherewith the enemies of the Gojpel are more and more incenfed. Luther alfo before he faw the Popes Bull , put forth his book , Of the Babylonian Captivitie. In which he wifhed,that what he had written concern- ing Indulgences was abolifhed, and this propofition divulged in ftead thereof; Indulgences are the wicked tricks of Romes flatterers : And in ftead of what he wrote againft the Pope, this Propofition $ The Pope- dome is a robuflious Hunting pratiifed by the Bijhop of Rome, Then he handled the Sacraments , and ac- knowledged but three of the feven to be Sacra- ments of Chrifts Covenant. He wrote alfb againft the execrable Bull of Antichrifl $ and call'd the Pope Antichrifl t and confirmed the Articles cenfured by the Bull. Charles the Emperour that yeere came to Aquif- gran , where with great fblemnitie he was crowned Emperour. About the Calends a£Sep:em&..he with Fredenk Elector of Saxony went to Colon;* ' ;*">p- pi»*. At this time the conixovcrfies of K *n *^n being hotly profecuteJ, the Elector would v^ *- denly do any thing of his own head, teamau fo great import: but would try the vcte§ of'tiie • moft The Life of D r . Martin Luther. *9 moft prudent and learned Clarkes, and among o thersof Erafmus, whom he fent for from Lovanto Collen. When firft he requefted to heare Erafmus judgement concerning 'Luther, and wondered that fo great and extreame hatred (hould be raifed by fome Monks and the Pope againft Luther , whole life and carriage he conceived to be commenda- ble , and his do&rine not impious 5 Erafmus an- fwered in a pleafant manner ; That his Highnefje needed not wonder at that ; for Luther had in hts dt (pit- tat ions dealt againjl the Monks bellies , and the Popes crowne. Afterward feriouflyand gravely giving his opinion concerning the controvcrfies of thefe times, he (hewed, that Indulgences, and other abufes andfuperflitions wcrejufily taxed,, and that their refor- mation vox* necefary , and that thefumme o/JLuthers doctrine was orthodox : and that onelj he feented too vehement and violent in contending with his adverfa. ries : and that an Evangelical hufweffe was to be. hand- led after An Evangelical manner. Frederick the Ele- ctor being confirmed in the truth by the lage judge- ment of Erafmus , did gravely admonifti Luther to moderate his fiercenefle in difputes. Then alio there came to Collen Martinus Cor occ talus and lerth nymus Alexander, who again fetupon Duke Frederik in the Popes na ne. But when the Elector anfwered not as they expected , they fiid, that they mu ft dealewith him according to the forme of the de- cree, and burnt Lttthers books. u Is report d th it thefe advocates of the Pope ErAf/nus a 3iihopack of rich revenew, E 3 if Erafmus judgement about Lutbcr dtUicd. Ttm. 1. Lat. Skidan. Liahers judge- ment. Tom.%. Lat. Luther i book* burnt. Erafmtu is in- itigated a- gainft Lutbn. Lady Mar' Tom. i. E- pift. p. 190. I«//;wburneth popifh book*. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. Thirty errors of Popery. Tom. a.lat. pag. 1 »S. if he would write againft Luther. But he anfwered i That Luther was a man too great for him to write againft: and that he learned more from one fhort page of Lathers writings , then from all Thomas Aquinas bookes. It is alfo fiid, that ^Margaret the Emperours Aunt, who ruled zllBelgium, when the Magislri noftri o^Lovan complained, that Luther with his writings did fab. vert all Chriftendome,did demaund, what manner a man Luther was ; when they anfwered, that he was an unlearned Monke 5 (he replied : Why then, fee that all you learned men, being a great multitude, write a- gainft that one unlearned fellow : and doubtleffe the world will give more credit to many of you being learned, then to him being but one and unlearned* Luther knowing what was done with his writings, Ah. 1/20. Decemb. 10. called the ftudents of Wit- tenberg together, and in a frequent afTembly of learned men, before the gate or E lifter neer to the great Colledge, where a fire was made, caft the Popes lawes and the Bull of Leo with fome writings of Eckitts, Emfer, and others thereinto . andfiid: Becaufe thou troubleft Chrift the holy one of God, eternal! fire will trou- ble thee. The next day he expounded the Pfalmes afld carncftly charged his auditors that as they loved the falvation of their foules, they fhould take heed of the Popes ft atutes. And in writing gave a reafon prefent- ! ly of this hisa&ion. And out of the great multitude of errors in the Popes Lawes culled out thefe thirty, 1. The Pope and his clergy are not bound to be fubjeff and obedient to the commencements of God. 2. It The Life of Dr. Martin Luther. 2. It is not aprecept^ but a counfel of S : Peter, where he frith: Thdt all men ought to befubjeff to Kings . 3 . That by the Sun the Papal power, by the Moon the Imperial or fecular power in a common wealth was fig- nified. 4. That the Pope and his Chasre were not bound to be fubjeft to Councels and D ecrees. f. That the Pope had in the Clofet ofhisbreaft all lawes, and plenary power over all lawes. 6. Whence it followeth : That the Pope hath power to dtfanufl, to change and determine of all Councels , and ailConft t J ions and Ordinances ; as he daily pra&i- feth. 7. That the Pope of Rome hath a right to require an oath of all Bijhops, and to oblige them to him in regard of their palls received of him. 8. If the Pope be fo neglect ive of his owne and his brethrens falvation,andfo unprofitable and remijfe in his place % t hat he carry along with himfelf( as if he was the chief ejlave of Hell) innumerable people to be eternally tormented - y no mortaU man ought to reprove him for this finne, 9. That thefalvation of all faith full men dependeth on the Pope, next after God. io. No man on earth can judge the Pope, or cenfure his determinations : hut the Pope is judge of all men. 11. The Sea of Romegiveth authority to all rights andLawes, and is itfelfefubjecl to none of them. 12. The Rockeon which Chri/l, Matt. 16. buildeth hit Church is the Sea of Rome^ with them adjoyning. 1 3 . The Keyes were given to Saint Peter onely. 14. Chrifts 3* De Covstit. c. Trattjfat.tf.q I. JfdcQ fir. mitUKie. The Life of ! D r . Martin Luther. 14. Chrtfis Prtejtbood was tranjUted from him to Sainc Peter. 15. The Pope hath power to make Ordinances and Laws for theCatholike Church. " 16. This fentencce,whatfoever thou bindcfi on earth, jba/talfo be bound in heaven, cftablijheth this conclusion: that the Pope, hath tower to charge the Cat bolt ke Church even with hisrafhiawes. 17. That his command of ahfiinence from flejh , egges, butter, and other meates made ofmilke, is to be obferved, clfe men fn and are liable to excommuni- cation. 18. The Pope forbidding all pr lefts to marry wives, inhibits all the Prieft hood from Matrimony. ' 19. Pope Nicolam cither the 3. or 4, in his Anti- chrifiian Decretal, among other matters badly decreed, well judged that "thrift v by giv'mgihe X eyes, gave pow- er over both thecclcftial and tea cjlr' t <- i hingdome. 20. The Pope judgeth that !:,:■ i <*nd -ipiotts lye for a truth and re quireth that it be received, namely , That Conftantirie the Great f/.ve htm the Romans provin- ces and Countries and power over the whole inferior world. 21. The Pope affirrt- b, bit he is the heire of the facred Roman Empire. Lc pent cnt. et re judic. c. Pajlo- . talis. ■ 22. The Pope teachnh that it is jufi and law full for ■a. Chrifiian by force to repnlfe force and violence. 23. That inferior sand fubjecJs may be dif obedient and reftfi their Princes, and that the Pope can defofe \Kings. 24. The The Life of D r . Martin Luther. 24. The Pope tabouret b to have power to difjolve andbreake alloathes, leagues, obligements made between fuperiours andinferiours, if. The Pope hath power to break And alter vowes made to God. Bevot. et vet, red. 26. The Pope teacheth that he that delayes to pay his vow commanded by God, is not to be cen fared , as a breaker of his vow. ibid. 2 7 . The Pope teacheth, that no married man or wo man can ferve God. 2%. The Pope compare th his unprofitable lawes with the Gojpels and f acred fcriptures. 7 9. The Pope hath power to interpret and unfold or expound the facredferipture at his pleafure and will .and to permit no man ttinterpret the fame otherwife then the Pope him felfe^ieafeth. 30. The Pope receiveth not his authority, power, Jlrength, , and dignitie from the fcripture 5 but the fcripture from the Pope. Thisinbriefeisthefummeofthe whole ^anon Law - The Pope is God on earth, fupr fame in all heaven- ly, earthly , fpirituall, and fecular matters And, All things are the Popes -, to whom none dare fay : what doe you f Here Prederik Prince Eleclor obtained of the Emperour to call Luther to the Court held at Wormcs in March An. 1521. Luther receiving the Emperours graunt for his fafety, went from Witt:?*- berg, and was conducted thence by Ca^.:rm Stur- nitst Herauld, and accompanied with luftw Jonas, let, Scburfius, and Ntc. ^mfderfe. Of the ftudents F he ?? Luther r ent fol to rformt'i. And gocth ihuhtr. ?4 Seme dehnrt him. lutfrtt com. cneth to '/ormes. The Life of D . Martin Luther. hetookeonely Peter Suavenus a Dane as his com- panion : who afterward being called by Chriflian K ally in ft illuftrious a place, his kingdome would be fha- ken and indamaged. He further brake forth into thefe words: 7/7 knew that there werefo V»*ny Devils at Wormcs, 4s tiles on t he houfes, yet would I got thi- ther. Alio Francis of Sickingen one in high cfteeme with the Emperour,at Bucers requeft did invite Lu- ther to come to his Caftle at Ebernburgh : where the caufe might more commodioufly be agitated. But Luther answered, that he wasfent for by the Empe- rour, not to Ebernburgh, but to Wormes : and thither he would goe. So taking his journey he came to Wormes on April the fixth, which was the third Ho- Iyday after UMifericordias Domini. They fay the Duke of Bavaria his letter, whether fuborned by o- thers,or by forneinftincl:,met Luther at his entrance into the towne with a Crofle, as is wont in funerals, and fung with a load voyce : Welcome comeft thou hithe r The Life of Dr. Martin Luther. 35 Promifc of fafety to Lu- ther was to be kept. Luther appea- reth before Cufi- nefle of conveying Luther into fbme fafe place, where he might be free from acceffe, tofome faith- ful! friends ofthe Nobility, that there he fhould be kept private , till Ctfar was departed ont of Ger- many. — ^r ~ The Life of Dr. Martin Luther. many. They prefently, faithfully, and fecretly conveyed him ro the Caftle of Warttnburg neere iftn.ick : This place Luther afterward ufed to call his Patmos, There were but eight privy to this, who did it with that fecrecy that not any but themfelves could know what was become of him. It is repor- ted that the Papifts fct their wifards on worke to deicryhim : but they could not certainly dengue the place where he was. Luther abode in that woody wildernefTe about tennemonethes: and in this re- tiredneiTe wrote diverfe ufefull Treatifes for the Cimrch ; as the Explications of the Gojpels and E fi- fties dedicated to Albert us of UMansfield : the book againft Latomm about finne remaining in che re- generate. Befides he cut in two the two iinnewes of the Popes kingdom e, namely, Private Maffes and CMonaftck Vowesy which books he dedicated to the Auguflinc Friers ( who in his abfence abrogated private MafTes and began to difpute about Mona- ftick Vowes ) and to his Father. They of Wittenberg alfogaveareafontothe Elector why they did fo: and (hewed towhatend Temples and Colledges were inftituted at the firftj that is, not for private Maffes } but that young people might be there brought up pieufly : and that the meanes they were Mowed with, were for the ufe of both Readers and fcholars that were in want. And that this buying and felling of Majfcs was crept in within four e hundrethyeeres of that time. Luther found courteous entertainment and kind iefpecHu that his wildernefle: for in his Epiftles he often mentions the friendly offices of his Hofic ; to G whom 4* Luther con- veyed 10 \f&i- teaburgb. Luther s Pat- mot. Luthtrsxvotks written in this It's lcti- reoiufie. Private maflt taken aw.iy at Witttr.bcz. 4* Lutbers ta- king the aire and his re- creation. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. Hunting is a jrefemblance of the devils praftife. whom he preached on the Lords day and at Fefti- vall times in his private Chappell. Some times Lu- ther fur his healths fake went forth into theftraw- berry groves , and fomewhat farther into the Mo- nafteries, which were neere, taking upon him the name hwker George a noble man, and accompanied onely with one attendant, who was faithful! and fe- cret, and would often warne Lather in the places where they were entertained, not pre fently to lay ajide bis [word t and to take in hand the books before him • for fo he might be defcried. Sometimes he went forth a hunting with his friends. Of this fport thus he wri- teth. M I was a hunting two dayes,to fee that lordly u but bitter- fweet fport. Here we took two Hares, "and fome filly young Partridges. The fport is ' e meet for fuch as have nothing elfe to do. There " did I contemplate as a Divine amidft their nets "and dogs. Nor did the outward appearance of "the game more delight me, then whatlconcei- " ved by it, move me topitie and griefe. For what " could this fport fignifie and refemble, but by the " dogs, wicked Popilh divines, and by the nets, the "cunning tricks and wiles by which theyfeeke to "catchharmlefleChriftians, as hunters thofe filly " creatures? This was a moft evident myfterie of " the purfuing of plain hearted and faithfull fouls. "Yet was there a more crueli myfterie prefented " to me : When by my meanes , we kept a young " Hare alive j and put her in my Coats fleeve, and " fo left her : in the meanetime the dogs rinding " it , broke one of her legs , and taking her by the " throat, The Life of D . Martin Luther, this caufe he that moft frongly trujis to Gods afssjlance, he moft [tin I j defendeth htm ft If and ethers. Seeing tftenfot c I pcceive pur HighneJJ'c to be weakein faith, 1 1 a* by no meanes attribute fo much to your Highneffe, as to he per f waded that 1 can be defended and freed from dinger by you. I will keep your Highneffe per [on ', your minde and body , and eft ate fafe from all danger and damage in this my caufe , whether youbeleeve me or not. Let your Highneffe then be affurea and not doubt at all, that this matter is farre other wife concluded of i»\ heaven, then at Norimberg. For we flullfnde , that\ they which think they have devoured all the Gofpel and qneldtt in the rifing t arenotyet come to the Benedicitc. j I have to dealewith another manner and more power full Prince, then our Duke. He knoweth me, and 1 htm con- veniently well. Did your Highneffe beleeve , yonjhonld behold the wonder full works and glory of God : Where- as you not yet beleeving, fee none of the fe things. To JGod be glory and prai/e for ever. This and much more tothispurpofehe wrote , fhewing his full affurance and ple>ophory of faith mofl admirable. He alfp wrote thus to Melanclhon concerning the caufe of his re- turn. Provide a lodging. for me, for the Truncation of ciufc"o/ Lu- the Bilk compels me to return to you ; pray to God that j tbtn return. it may fl and with his good plea fure, I dejire to conceale tnyfelf, as much as I can, yet will I proceed in my worke refolvedupon. He wrote the like to Amfdorf; That I for the translation of the Bible he mtift return to Wit- tenberg , that therein he might ufe other mens counfell and help, Luther being returned, from the Lords Dayfirft G 3 in An)tkr 4 6 Carobflade of- fended with Luther. Luther tran- fkted the New Tefta- ment and printed it. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. in Lent that whole weeke every day preached one Sermon-, thefe are extant: andinthemhefhewed what he liked or difliked in the alterations made in his abfence. He found fault with them, whehadab. jfigatcd private Majfe and idols , and adminifired the Lords Supper in both kinds , and taken away auricular eonffson, differences of meats , invocation of Saints, and other the like matters; not hecaufe they had done im- pioujly , but becanfe they proceeded not herein orderly. " He affirmed that he condemned the Papifticall "MafTe, the worfhipping of Images, the rules of 1 ■ auricular confeflion, prayer to Saints, the Popifh " fafting : but he did condemne them onely by the l< Word of God preached, and not by a violent ab- "rogition of them. How much he prevailed by " thofe Sermons, he telleth in thefe words. I, faith " he, gave offence to Cartloftade, becaufe I blamed ' ' his proceedings , though I condemned not his c< doclnu . Onely this difliked me, that dealing a- ct bout ceremonies and outward matters,he labour- " ed lefle in that which is Chriftian do&rin indeed, 4t namely, faith and charitie : for by his unadvifed " courfe of teaching, he brought the people to this "pafle, that he thought himfelfe a Chriftian by " thefe petty matters , by communicating in both 1 ' kinds , by notufing confeflion , and by breaking " down images, &c. And this was the beginning of difTention between Luther and Carolojtade. In this 22 . yeer the New Teftament came forth, as it was translated into the German tongue in his Patmos , and afterward revifed Ibmewhat by *Me- The Life of D r . Martin Luther. * tJMelanclkon. Some Popifh Princes and Bifliops prohibited their people to read it. He wrote alio a Letter to the * Bohemians concerning matters of great moment : and exhorted them to conflancie in the truth, which they had received, and that they would not full back to Antichrifl for a vain hope of peace : He alfo d/Jf waded 'them from making them f elves gutltie of the innocent blood of John Hus and Jerome */ Prague. And where as fome objected their many differmt Seels ^ hefhewedthat there were many more among the Papijls : 4*d prefer ibed the Bohemians a courfe, bow they might cure this difeafe. £Lre he inveighed eanuftly againft fiich Bifhops , as did condemne and perfecute the do&rin of the Gofpel : and being often provoked did neither defend their owndo&rin, nor refute Luthers. He (hewed them that by their tyranny they Qiould not prevaile : becaufe he was neither moved by the Popes Anathema or curfe, nor Cae- "fars profcription , and that he would endeavour " fo much the more to propagate the Gofpei , and "fee to it with the more courage, by how much cc the more violently they withftood it : and that "the Gofpel would not be extinguifhed , though "they mould kill him: and that God would plague ' ' them moft confpicuoufly and grie voufly, if they c : proceeded in their furious courfe. In tnis booke he fo angred the then Bifhops, Abbats, Monks, and the whole dregs of them , that they refolved that feeing they could not burne Luthor himfelf, they would burne ail his books. About this time alfo , "Luther confuted Nicolas Stork, 47 * Meloi-a. u- fed a^out it. lom.itpft.p. to Ciffjerar. "Tom.i.epijl. peg. 8 5* 4« Lvjbcti deal- ing with the ring-leaders ot the Ana- ^jptiils. Lutbm harfli anfvnr to the i King of" Eng- land, Lutbm excufe for fo wii- am The Life of D . Martin Luther. Stork, Themes M unc er and other fanaticall ring- leaders, and Prophets broaching new do&rines, who pretended revelations Angelical, and confe- rences with God , and denyed the Baptifme of in- fants : and thereby fowed the feed of rinab.iptifme. ThefeTalfe prophets came from the Cygnean Citit to Wittenberg ; in Lnthers abfence , and molefted Caroloftade, and CMelancihon. Now alfo Luther 'an. fweredJlenry the eight King of England, who,as o- theracPcrfariesalfo, fet out a book agiinft Luther, and hia given him by Pope Leo the title of Defen- der of the Faith of the Church, Onely Luther anfwer- ed him fomewhat fharply : which courfe fome of Luthers friends difliked. Of the fame thus Eraf- mm wrote . //Luther firft commending the godly care of the King) had afterward with [olid arguments refu- ted 'his opinions , and laid no dtf grace on the Kings per- fon, Ifttppofe he had done that which would much have advanced his caufe. Againe. What fet Luther #*, to fay in his book againfl the King ? Let your Highnejfi come to me, and I will teach you. Tritely the Kings bock wa^ written in'agoedLatine (lyle, and not unlearnedly ,- Ltuher thus excufeth this his fact. // any man be of- fended' at my flarj/neffe towards the King^ 1 thus anfwer him. In that book I have to do with fen felejfe monjhr.s, who contemnemy be[l and moji modefi writings , and my humble fubmifskn , and are more hardened by my calm- neffe, Befides I abftained from bitter Jpeeches and lyes, with which the Kings book is full fraught : nor is it any great matter ? if I give no more reftecJ to an earthly King, and fyeake fharply , feeing he was not afraid to . ' blajpheme The Life of Dr. Martin Luther. 49 blajphemethe King of Heaven with his Jpeech , andto fpeake profanely in his virulent lyes, God the righteous judge divide the matter between us. This book he de» cheated to Sebajlian Earle of Schlick, whofe lingular pietie and zeale he commendeth : and iaith,he will make this writing the beginning of his flying to the Bohemians. For both the King and others had falfely accufed him of flying thither and did tri- umph and brag , faying : We h.iv c wonne the day, the Heretick is fled to the Here ticks. In the yeere 152.1* at the AlTcmbly at Norinberg, the Emperour being abfent, the decree made at Wprwttwasdifannulled. And when the Popes Le- gate complained thereof, and faid, that Luther was not punifhed according to C&fars decree $ The Princes anfwered that moftmen in Germany were fo inflr ncled by Luthers Sermons and books - y that if that decree had been executed , it would have given occafion of great f edition : and that this conft ruction would have been made thereof: namely, that the truth of the Gojpel was thereby oppreffed and extingmfhed , and mantfeft errors and evils flood for , which might not bd tolerated or winked at any longer. And that, now this ajfembly was gathered ; that a free Councell might jhortly be kept in Germany at Mentz, or Argentorate, or Mets, or Cullen. And that in the meane time Luther and others fhouldfet forth no books ; the Preachers jhould Preach no- thing but the Gojpel, plainly and mode ft ly, according to the interpretations commonly received by the Church : thatfuch Preachers as tranfgreffed Jhould be mildly pu- nifhed/' by fit men appointed by the Btjhops : left any H one SabaJlianYLzxX An aflembly at Nmnbcrg. A Councell to be held tn Germany. 5° The Life of D'. Martin Luther. The hundrcJ grievancts cf . Germany . Skid. lib. 4. pag. 19. Lutbcr inter- prets the De- cree. Skid-in, q.pag. 8j. Ca»far was offended at the Decree. one (hetiU fujpec? , that this was done to binder the free preaching of the Gofpel : that the Printers mould im- print, or divulge nothing,but what was allowed and approved by learned and judicious men ; that the Pnefts who had mirried wives , mould be amerced according to the award of the Popes lawes. There were here alio exhibited to the Legate an hundreth grievances of the German nation : of which we will fpeak e!fe-where. This Decree was diverfly interpreted by feverall "parties. Luther by his letters to the Princes de- " clared how he conceived the meaning of it. And '* 1, that they commanding that the Gofpel mould " be taught according to the received judgement "of the Church, intended not according to the f c courfe of Thomas or Scotut , but of Ml Arte , Am- " brofe, Augufline and the like. Againe, that the " Bimops mould chufe fit men , who mould be pre- "fentat Sermons, and mildly admonifh fuch as of- u fended, if need were. This Luther (hewed to be " well decreed , but could never be effected : be- uiritj and had nothing in his writing but a carnall fpirit. The fame %J\tuncer wrote to Me- lancthon a letter plainly (hewing his fanaticall fpirit. Lmhemow\>\xt forth Davids P falter in the Ger- man tongue, & a book againft the feditious, and an Epiftle to Frederik and lohn Princes of Saxony a- gainft the enemies of images, and Enthuflafts, who boafted of illumination and conference with God. Healfb let forth a booke about the Exaltation of ££»#0aBiirioponce of Mifma .« whofe bones were on the fixteen day oiMay digged up at Mtfnia, exal- ted , 'and placed in a marble Tombe : which ad: fome toGk to be religious, other jefted and laughed thereat. This yeere in Oci$ber, Luther laid afide his Mon- kifh- The Life of D. Martin Luther. kifhhood : and declared his judgement concern- ing the Synodeto be called for ■determination of the ceremonies, fayingThus. / thbike it not-very fafe to call together a Councell of our men fb> the-fetlingan uniformitie of C cue monies . font wiM fet a bad ex am- ple, though it be attempted with a good zeale, as appear- ethby all Councils from the beginning. So that in the Apvfhlicall Synpde they did more treat concerning mat- \ ter »f Action and Traditions, then of faith \ In the Sy- nodes after this they never diluted about fltith ; but al- WAyes about opinions and queftions , that the name of Councels is m.refujfetfed and hated 'by me then the name office- will, if one Church will not of its own aecord imiiaxe another in extemall matters , what need is there tocompellthem by the decrees of Councels, which pre- fentlyare changed into lawes andfnaresto mt angle mens foules . Rather let one Church freely follow the good ex- ample of another > or let each Church enjoy her owne wayes /fothdttheunitieof thejfirit be kept intire In faith by the word of God , though there be diver fit ie and outward ceremonies, and elements of the world.. About this time the Priefts of Wittenberg keeping their Popifh rites, were at length evi&ed, and in the end of the yeere abrogating private Made, began a Re- formation in the Cathedrall Church. Luther had lpngprefled them to this, and had written thus to S palatini in this yeere. By Gods help I will abrogate private Maffe, or venture upon another defigne* The yeere if if. is famous by therifingof the Boores : when this broyle was a hatching ; and the Ruflick fury did not yet breake forth into taking up I armes, y/ Luthr caffs 3- whyh-smen- kifh weed. Of calling a Counfel. Reformation in the Cathe- dal Church at ifirtcnberg: Tom. z. Ep. p. »4tiflt. The name of Maffe. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. armes , Luther did difTwade all men from fedition, as being a crime of very high nature. Healfo hand- led the Articles of the Boores, and fhewed how mofi of them were contrary to the word of God. He wrote alfo to the Princes and Nobilitie , and put them in minde of their dutie : and by another Treatife * #- horted Admen, tojoynefor thejubverfionofthe theevifh infendUriesjOsfor the quenching of a common fire. This book was cenfured by fome as too fha r p, but was at large defended by Luther. In the beginning of this yeere, £«f&ranfwered Carolojtadius his1>ooks, intitling his book ( Againfi the CekJliaS Prophets. ) At Wittenberg then the chieftains of the Anabaptifis were called Prophets : becaule they boafted or fecret revelation s,and pro- pheticall fpirits- the principall men were Mmcer y Ciconius, CeHarius, and his friend Caroloftad. Luther in the firft put of his book fpeaketh of images,pri* vate Matfe and Cdroloftade : and affirmeth that ima- ges wsre forbidden in the old Tc (lament not in the new : and that Caroloftaafe was not expelled by his meanes : and that the name of [ MafTe ] was given by the Apoftlcs to the Sacrament of the altar. Th6 fubjedl of thefecond book was the Evcharift , where he firft dealt agaiuft CAroSoftades expofition of the word ( rotro ) This : and then anfwered the Argu- ments ofCarolfiflide : and faid that- the words (which is given for joh ) have this fcufe. The body which yo<* eate in the bread , ere long , when it is not eaten Jhall be given for you. And as it is not written, Take the body and eate it 5 fo neither is it written, Take the bread The Life of D . Martin Luther. 59 The fit Hi pi cfitcth no- thing. bread and eate it. And that Chrifts fpeech , The flejb profteth nothing, is to be taken as /poken not of 'the flefh of Chrift, but of the fenfe of thefiefli, whichisdeath, Rom. 8. That the breaking the bread, is the dniributton of the body : and that thebloudofchrijl rvhtch is powred out for us t now fttteth at the right hand of God } but tha' the efficacy of that effufwn of his blond is for ever. And finally that it is unknown how the bread becometh and is the body ofchnfi : and that we muft ftick to the very words of Chrift. Againft this Zwin- glius and Oecolampadm wrote , as is faid in its due place. Nowal/o Luther renewed the ordination of Mi- nifters of the Gofpel in the Church: Of whom George Koran us was the firft : and now firft the Majfe was celebrated at Wittenberg in their mother tongue. And now was fet forth a booke of German fongs Compofed by Luther and others the laft yeere : and lon s s - a book of the abomination of the Mafic , in which he galled the Popilh fore backt jades and made ma- 1 Luth& . ny ot them kick ag >inft him. He wrote alfo a let- I ucfa to strtf. tertothemof btrasbur?, where he heard that Care **"* »**>« Lfiade abode, and diffw^dtd them from devouring ' hispoyfon. On the contrary Strasburg (ent GtO>ge Cafelius the Hebrew ProfefTor , and entreated Lu- ther that he would not break the umtte of the Church for the sontroverfie of the Euchar.jl : thai he would ac- knowledge Zwinglius and Oecclampadius , learned men and of good fame , for Brethren : that he would write of the Lords Supper, andjhew^ voha. he taught was con- fonani to the truth. I 2 Luther •1 Ordering of Miuitkrs. German to Lut'mi an- fwrr. The Life of D r . Martin Luther. Lutbtr marri- eth. Luther returned this anfwer by Cafclius. " Name- " \y , That" nothing was more to be defired then f * peace : but to be eyed to a continuall filence was " not fare : that anfwer could not be made without "Scripture, but here is in effect [fignificat. jthjt ! " where Paul faith, The rock was Chrift , he fpeaketh. j 4 - c notof thecorporall.butthefpirituall drink: for lt he addeth the drank of the fpirituall rock. And "that there was a manifeft miftake in that [ This " Ltmbe is the Lords Pajfeover,] for this phrafe is no " where extant in the Scripture : and therefore he "befought the brethren for Chrifts fake, that they " would avoyd this errour. Luther being fortie two yeers old , of a fudden and unexfpe&edly married Katherin a Bora a noble virgin late a Nun, and this was theoccafion. Lu- ther had a purpofe that this Katherim mould have been! The Life of D r . Martin Luther. been married to lM. GUnta the Paftor of OrU- mund. Of this (he having intimation, acquainted Amfdorf, Luthers inward friend, therewith, and by him intreated Luther to alter his determination, and to (ignifie to him, that me would enter into the honourable eftate of Matrimony with any other, rather then with Glanus. When Luther heard this, and what lerom Schurfius had faid ; namely , that if thAt Monk fhould marry her •, the whole world And the devill him ft If would laugh thereat , Andfo the CMonk jhouldundoe all that formerly he had done. Here hut her to grieve the world of Papifts , and the devill, and gratific her father perfwading him thereunto , re- folved to marry her. And on the 13. day of Iune, inviting to fupper Tomeranw , and Apelles the Lawyer, and Luke the Limnierwas betrothed to her, and not long after married her. This Luthers enemies much diflikcd, fo did bis friends alfo ; not becaufe they thought the marriage unlawfull : but becaufe they wifted it had been done at fome o- thertime. For thus writeth Camerarius. It fell out , thAt when thefe turbulent and dangerous broyles were not yetpAcified, Martin Luther married, not long after the deAth of Frederik the chief e of the f even Electors of the Empire. Philip Melan&hon much grieved At Lu- thers marriage , not that he condemned it as unlawfully but becaufe hereby an occasion was given to Luthers ene miss and ill wilier s, who were many •, rich, and of great power, to jfeik againfi him bitterly 'and with open mouth to reproach him : when efpecially the very time did help forward and fet them on, who were minded fo to do. And I 3 of 61 Cammim in the life of MctMftlm. tl What Luthcn adverfarics