(lEOGRAPHIOAL RE/vl)E'l ^ 1) I \ f K ( «. ill) IMON ** ■* •; ■i^^'JiLi ' %■ ^.iiVA- M M . 1 ; . M 4> <. i < ^ x r \ r L Cl..htMr.i.Bk.TC.<:i>.2.^. THE ETHEL CARR PEACOCK MEMORIAL COLLECTION Main's anion monumentum TRINITY COLLEGE LIBRARY DURHAM, N. C. 1903 Gift of Dr. and Mrs. Dred Peacock ~i i ^1 .jZmJ^ (ra*-^4re< ^ Ai^ JU'^J ^ %^r^^ ^ aJC THE rxROGRAPHIOAl, READEE. FOK fHi- I) 1 X 1 F. C H I L U K E N BY MRS. M. B TVI^ORE. RALE 1 G H : HKAN«ON, FAKKAR .fc CO., Pi sLisHm B I B L I C A li R E O O K D E K 1* F I N 1 186? COPY RIGHT SECURED ACCORDING" TU LAW 7,- « ■>■■ 3 ■•: PREFACE. Tko autlior of this little work, having found most of the juvenile books too complex tor Y<»nng mintk, has for some time intended making an eftbrt to simplify the science <.f Ge«»,i;Taph\ . 1"^ slio shall suQceod.in bringing this beautiful and useful study within ihe grasp of tlic lillK; folks, and making it both interesting and pdeasant, her purpose will be fnlly a<-i-ompli.shecl. NOTE TO TEACHERS ^ The first part of tliis work is intended to l)p used as a reader. Tlie second is to be studied as usual. .The object of t]iis arrangement is to make the child familiar Avitli geographical terms before he begins to stud}' (Teogi-a})liy. As a pupil, the author well remembers her difficulties at this point ; and as a teacher, she has l)een led to encjuire, " Is there no easier path for the tender feet of the little ones ?'" ■ • ^ Let the pupil read over and ovei- again, the iirst part, and tlien the second will be simply a review. GEOGKAPIIICAL liEADER. LESSON 1. What Geography Means-.' L. in this book I propose to toll you about Geogra][>liy. I wish you to. pay goud at- tention, and if I use a word you do nu^ un- derstand, you must ask your teacher to! explain it to you. 2. Some people travel over the world, , and see nearly every eountry on the globe ; but as every ouo'can not do this, it is best] for every boy and girl to study Geography. I Theu when they wish to travel, after they j are grown up, they will kno\^ wdiich coun- ' tries are most interestinrir. But very few willleave their own country, and tlius if ; they do not read bool^s and learn these i things, they must always appear ignorant. 3. Then to study Geography means to learn about the "surface of the earth. The surface is the outside part, on which we live. Part of this §i'irface i§ land, and part is water. There are abou^three times more water than Ifmd; 4. The earth i.s luund like a ball, and turns ov(Ji- once in a day and night. AVheu the side on which we live is turned towards the sun, we have day, and the people on le other side have night. 5. The reason we. do not fall off, is, that the okrth draws us to it. We call this drawing .towards the earth, attraction. Were it not for this we should all fall off, lUvC the water falls from a grindstone, or a water wheef, when turned rapidly. 6. The earth is one of the planets. A planet is a body which moves around the sun. The earth moves around the sun once in a year, and" keeps rolling over all the time. God made the earth and put it in motion, and it will move until he com- mands it to stop. Should we not love him for makin^r "S such a beautiful hoiiie ( LESSON II. ( hange of Seasons. 1. As the earth moves around the sun, sometimes the sun shines straight down upon us, and we then have summel-. Then the trees blossom and bear fruit, the birds sing anci ^ bnild nests ; and men plow and raise wheat, corn, cotton, rice and tobacco. 2. AVhen the sun first begins to shine warm, and the birds begin to swell and the flowers to bloom, we call it Spring. When the sun gets high in the heavens, we call it Summer. When the siin begins to sink- back into the south, and tlie corn and fruit GEo the (^mfovt and ha])]»inoss of mankind. LESSOX in. Land. J . On the surface of the earth avc find some large portions of land, containing ma- ny countries : these are called continbnts. They are surrounded by ■^'atcr and are ma- n}" thousand miles in extent. . 2. We find smaller portions of land sur- rounded by water which are called islands. Some of these are far out in the ocean, ,so the i>€oplfe can not get away except on board a ship. 3. Then there arc narrow sti-ijss of land connecting two larger i"»ieces together ; these are called isthmuses, l^^orth and South America arc joined together by the isth- mus of Darien. 4. Sometimes a portion of land is nearly surrounded bv Avater, but c)ne side is joined to u larger piece : this is called a peninsula. Florida is a peninsula. 5. /hen a poiiit of land j-uus out in to the water we call it a cape. Some capes are very high and rocky : these arc called promontories. G. A portion of land raised up tu a great height is called a mountain. ' A smaller height if; callod ;> hill. Some niountains have Arc inside of them, and send* out smoke, hot stones and melted lava ; which somesimes covers np whole villages : these arc tailed volcanoes. 7. A plain is a poi-tion of level land. .\ plain covered with saiul is called a desert ; and one covered with grass is called a prai- rie.. A low portion of land between, two hills or mountains, is called- a valley, A valley generjjljy has a brook or river run-, ning through it; and prod nces line crops. LESSa^^lV. • Water. , 1. A large portion of the surface of the earth is covered with Avatcr. The largest bodies of water, are called oceans : the At- lantic, Paciiic, ]S'orthern, Southern and In- dian. ThcAtlantieis the largest and is obont thi-ee thousnnd miles wide. I'O i: r li K 1)1 X 1 ]•. < HI Li),Ui.^ '2. Smaller bodies of watoi- are chIKhI seas. • A sea is nearly sVuTOunded by land. The water of both a sea "and an ocean ij; salt. You conld not drink sea Ayater witli- i>nt nialdnc: yourself sick. J*.ESSO^ V. IfemlspliTros. 1. If yuii take an a[)plc and cut in i\v«» picccSj YOU call them a half apple. If yon take a bailor sphere and saM- it in two :). An arhi of the §ea running out into parts, 3-on have half a sphere. Xom- the the land is called a bay or gulf. Some o^ word hemisphere means half, and the earth these are very large, as the gulf of Mexico. #s round like a sphere, so when the earth is Tliatpotion of a se.d or gulf which is so divided in t\yo parts, we call one a hemis- shallow that its depths may be measurert phere. with a line, is called a sonn'l. .> Ti'wo rli-ixx- o 1;,,,. .-,•,,■,, ,i +1 t' _. 11 w^ tiia\\ a ,iine a^unu tlie eartii 4. A. large collection of MTitera entire- ' ^*''^"^ north to south, we have the eastern ly surrounded by Lmd is called a lake.,''^"^^ western hemispheres. If the line is Some lakes are salt but most ol' them liavc"<^^'^^^^'^^^'''<^''^ ^^^^ ^"^ ^^'f^^t, we have the fresh water like" a river. T.;Tke Superior "^^'^^^^^^ '^"'^ southern hemispheres. We is the larii-est iti the world* ^ ' *'^^' we live in the northern hemisphere, bc- cnnso we are m->rth of the e<|u:it(ii-. '>. A stream of water' running (»ver the land, ii called a river. The place where it . startsiscallitssour.ee or head, the ])lace where it i-uns. its ned or channel, and tin ]>lace where it empties' into, the ocean, its mouth. . Rivers are very useful to mai\. They turii mills and other machinery and carry boats upon their surface. Besides the tincst farms are found alonj^the river. LKSS(L\ \1. Points of the Coiupass. 1 . ^ on have often heard of the inariner's compass, and some of you have seen one ; „„ ,^ , , . .. , 'jut a>5 all have not, I will tell you ?ibout 1 he Mississippi IS the largest river in the -^^ There is a certain star, called the North world. It ,s about bmr thousand niiles p^l^. Star, th you can always sec of a ' *"•"■ ''1^'fH' uight. There is a kind of stone, called «>. Water is so useful, that man could loadstone, whicli, if" a long piece of it be- not exist without it. lie catches tish from tixed'on a pivot, will always point towards it, ibr food ; it bears liis ships from one 1 the Xorth Polar Star. You mav take a'oiu' country to another, it turns his machinery, 1 finger and tnirn it around towards the east it waters his cntps; ami the best of all, or west, l)Ut it will move ba'-k north again f.ii ?n- the l"-t drink in llw world. ;i!i mv v.m K.) \t mI,,!,,. (t E O G R a 1' li I C a L \i E A i> E i: 2. Now if jou stand with your face the direction -the needle points, to your right hand will be east, your left west, and your back south. You must get your teacher to show you the Polar Star, and then you will always be able. to tell what dircctioi) you are traveling of a clear night. 3. When you look on a map the top i# generally north, the right hand east, the bottom south, and the left haird west. ■i. There is |tlc, tli(;y arc very ig- norant. This is called the Torrid Zone. 3. Around each of the [mlcM, the .^^un shines so oliH(|ucly that the people j list see if inHkiui' :i iiimII fird'' diorp t|)P treo- dnring a short day of eight or nine hours. It is so cold there that the people and the treics arc very short; not taller than a com- mon man's shoulders ; and t^ey look stunt- ed and dwarfieh. They cannot raise grain, and consecpiently Iiavc to subsist upon flesh. They live mostly on fish. The raindeer and the dog are the only domestic animals they have. The dog lives on flesh, and the raindeer, lives on a kind of long moss. These animals draw the people on sledges, and can travel as fast as a fleet horse. TliQj-e is no fruit there, except a few small berries. 4. These are called Frigid Zones. The one around the north *polc, the North Frigid, and the one around the south pole, the Soutli Frigid. I knt)w you think yon would not like to live there; but tho.'^e peoi)le arc as contented and happy as yon are ; and are very industrious and peacn ble. Tlic}' also have some education. 5. Between the Torid and the Frigid zones, .there lie two (.iflier zones, called Temperate. In these, the trees grow of me dium height, but do not have leaves all the year. They l»ear fruit during the Summer and Autumn, and then cast theii leaves away. The fruit and flowers are not so large as in tJie Torrid Zone. The am'mals are comjnon size and are mostly of the domestic kinds: The people are mostly while, of common statune and (»f milder dispositions than those of a hotter climate ; but much more warlike than those of the Fi-igid Zones. They are generally indn« frion- Hii.l M, 1.1!;. .,.1,1 T mein li^-lhii; t]\Ht 10 a E O G R A r H I C A L R EA D E K lioyto my little reader? will not l)e idle LESSON X. I hey have good schools, and all who labor I 3. When the white people came to this can g-et'a g6od edneation. But sad to say, i country, they found a red or copper colored there are some lazy people in every /Zone, race. This people they named Indians, be ,ind some, idle children in every school. I ^ cause they thought they had sailed west uii- ; til they had come to India in Asia. They ! ^yere tall, with long black hair, and high cheekbones. They went nearly naked,, and were cruel, and warlike. They were good friends, but terrible enemies. They were Raecs of I*Icu. j governed by Chiefs, and had no books. The men who inhabit the globe, are not I The women performed most of the labor, air alike. Those in Europe and America, and were called Squaws. This is called ;ire mostly white and are called the Cauca- the American race. - They n_(J\v have books, : ian race. This race is civilized, and is far | schools and churches, and many • of them above all the others.' They have schools learn about Jesus. and churches and live in fine style. They! - 4. The African or negro race is found in also generally have wise and good men for | Africa. They are slothful and vicious, but I'ulers, and a regular form of government. '. possess little cunning. They arc very cruel The women are treated with respect and to catch other, and when they have war tendernessj and in" many cases their wish tlicy sell their prisoners to the white people is law among their male friends. | for slaves. They know nothing of Jesus, 2. There is a class of. people who inhab-iand the climate in Africa is so unhealtliy it most of Asia which is of a yellow color- i that white men can scarcely go there to They are a cpiiet, plodding race, but when ' preach to them. The slaves who are found e ii inch 6. There is still another race called the Lless labor than travelhig aci'oss Europe and a Malay. Tlicy arc black and have wool great part of Asia to br.ing the sweet spices on their heads, but not like the African. , and fruits from tliat plesant climate. , So They arc very, fierce and will die ratlicr Christo]»her Columbus asked the king of than be made slaves. They are also -cun- Portugal to give him ships and men to n in g and treacherous, and will have little; make the voyage. But the king and his Columbus M'as beside dealings with white men. They eat the 'counsej I ors thought ilesh of their enemies, and are called canni- bals. They have killed several preachers who went away there to preach : but some of them have become christians. 7. Now, dear children, you have heard how miserable m'hny of the human family arc. himself. 3- Columbus then went to. Spain tv ask king Ferdinand and queen Isabela to lit him out. After nnich entreaty, they con- sented, and the queen sold some of herjew- bc happy as you are. mere are good men who arc willing' to go and teach them, but but they lack money to bear their expenses. Can aiot each of you give something to help send the gospel to the heathen. ,^ , , , ^ , els to obtain money lor the purpose. At If they knew abo^it Jesus, they would I i^^,,tl^ with three small ships and ninety men. U'e sailed due west for three months without finding land. His men now became alarmed, ^liiiking he would never find the way back home. So they thought they would ihrow him over- board and return. Columbus agreed tt» to return, if in three days land was liot fouiid. Just before the time expired, a man on dock cried out Land! Land!, And sure enough there was laud. This was an island on the coast of America, and it look- ed so much Ipvc the East Indies, that this group was called Westlndie.** bccau^'' ^h'-v found it by failing west. 4. Columbus I'cturued to Spain and told the glorious news. Then many ships came over, and soon the country was settled. But the early settlers sufiered much from hardships, and from the hostility of the in- LESSON XI. America. 1. A great many years ago the Toundecr- thought the earth was flat and sun by the ocean. Europe, Asia, and Africa, with soiiie islands around the coast, were all the land then known. Tlio people had ships and sailed along the coast, but never ventured out on the ocean. 2. At length some wise men began to conclude that the earth was round like a ball ; and that possibly they could sail 12 G E O G R A r H I A.L R l^] A D E R dians. When the M'hite men first came the savages treated them kindly ; but soon some wicked men began to cheat and take advantage of the Indians. , The Indians in i cturn took reveiige by burning whole vil- lages, and killing the inhabitants in their beds or as they ran half naked throngh the snow. But the white people increased, and made war and drove back the indians into the wilderness, until they are now nearly all beyond the Mississippi River. How itmch belter it would have been iT all had acted fairly, and lived together' in peace! 5. These, indians were - very ignarant. They dressed in skins, lived on the flesh of animals which they killed with their bows and arrows. ' They had no guns, no houses, uo tools to work with, no fields, ho horses nor cows, »or hogs, nor sheep, as wb have. They built little huts of sticks which they (tailed wigwams, and covered " them with t-kibs. They used bits of sharp rock and shell to skin animals and cut np the flesh. They had never heard of Jesus, but thought whey they did wrong, the Great Spirit was angry with them. They prayed to this Great Spirit, somewhat like we pray to God. . ~ 6. The continent of America is divided in two parts, North and' South America. They are joined together by a narrow strip of land called the isthmus of Darien. The New World, as it was long called, is noted for its great rivers, large lakes, tall moun- tains, &c. 7. This New World, should have been called Columlna after the great man Avho discovered it; but one Americus Vespucius made a voyage to the New AVorld, and pub- lished a book about it,bcfore Columbus got his out. Thus the world began to call the new land America, in honm' of Americli;^. LESSON XIL North America. 1. The northern part of North America is a cold desolate region. In the extreme Nortji west, lies Russiaui America. Tliis is governed by the Emperor of Russia. The people live mostly by hunting and fishing. The snow is very deep there, and co\'ers the ground nearly all the year. All the wild animals have fur and are hunted for their skins as well as for food. 2. On the northeast we find an island called Gr^fcand, or Danish America. This belongs to the king of Denmark. The country is cold and bleak. The people arc a hardy race, of low stature, quiet and in- dustrious. During the long winter nights the parents t^ach the children to read. They are called Esquimaux, and are as much attached to their cold, barren country as we can possibly be to ours. BRITISH AMERICA. 1. This division lies betwjeen Greenland and Russian America. It is governed by the Queen of England. The southern por- tion is not so cold and bleak as the polar cz. 'eJSSctSteraf O K T V Oiy ' h 'viiIjLJJKK.N f'c ;*egioriS. in tiic Canadas, the i^copic raise i grain and have some t'lniits. i 2. Tlicre arc r.ot many monnvai;iB bntl many lai'gc lakes and riv^TS. Tlic "St. Lav.---, rence between the United States and Brit-j tish America is a i;rand river, on wliicli iirc\ i, u-es-" great i lakes are all frozen over so tUc people can | travel on .the ice THE UMTED STATI- 1. This was once the most pi-ospero;i;> country in the world. IS'early a hnndred years ago it belonged to England; but tlie^ English '.nade such hard laws that the peo- 1 pie said they vroiild not obey them. After ■ a long, bloody -^ar of 3<' von years, tlicy gain- ed their independ'^Tice ; and for many years, were pro&j)erous and nappy. ■ 2. lu the incan time both Engli«)i and ! Amerieuti sLins went to Africa and bronght I away many of tlwse poor heathen negroes, ' and sold them for slaves. Some people' said it was w.-cng and asked the ^iri)^ ol ■ . England to stop it. Ho replied that " l^e ! knew it was wrong; but that sLvx trade] brought much money into his treasury, and '^ -hould continue." But both countries af- v.ardo did pass laws to stop this trade, j in a few years, the Northern States finding ' liieir climate too cold for the ncHrc "' ' profiiable,soid thf^rr. to the people iivingfar- ther South. Then the Xorthern States passed laws to. forbid any person owninpr slaves in their borders. 3. Then the northern people bcga'a to preach, to lecture, and to write abo^t the sin of slavery .The money for which tiacT said their stares, was now partly spent Li trying co persuade the Southern States to send their slaves back, to Africa. And when the territories were settled they were not willing for any of them to become slaveholding. This' would soon have made the Ko'-Hi much stronger than the South ; and many of the men said they would vote for a law to free all the negroes in the country. The Southern men tried to show them how unfair this would be, but still . tuey kept on. ' » 4-. Ill the year 1S60 the Ablitionists became strong enough Lo elect one of their men for President. Abraham Lincoln was a v>eak man, and the South believed ho would ai low laws to be made, whicii would deprive them of their rights So tiie South- ern States seceded, aqd elected Jeffei'son Davis for tiieii President. This so enraged President Lincoln that he declared war, ;ind has exhausted nearly all the strength of the nation, in a vain attempt to whip the South back into the Union. Thousands of lives have been lost, and the earth has been drenched with blood ; but still Abra- ham> is unable to conquer the " RebeU " qb he calls the South. The South only asked -c b'^ let alone, and ro divide the public 14 G E O G B A F H I A i It E A D E it property, equally. It ^-oiild iiaro been ^ise in the ]Lsrortl"'. to have said to hev f^ov.th- : em Bisters, " If you are not content to dwell | with 1115 longer, depart in peace. We will j divide the inlieritancc with yi-u. and may j you he a great nation." ] 5. This country . possesses r.-iauy ships, | .= line cities' and towns, many railroads, | sieanihoac s, canals, manufactures, &c. The j people are ingenious, and entorprlsing, and are noted for rlicir'tact in" ''driving a bar- gain." ■They are refined, and intelligent on all subjects but that of negro slavery, on this they are u\ad. 6. The large lake.=i, the long riv'ers, the^ tall mountains, with the beautiful farms | and pretty towns and villages, make this j a very interesting country" to travelers. | SCrXEEEN CONFEDESAgy. [ X. These states lie south of the United | States, and possess a warmer f Hmate.— i The latter are mostly suited to raisingigrain j and cattle, while the former grow mortj eottoa, rice, tobacco, and sugar cane, witb ] iome <;attle and much g»aiu. A large por- j tion of the couutry lies on the sea coast, i and is level and sandy. The interior por- tions are hilly and mountainous. i 2. This, country is well watered by large j rivers, and has many fine harbors. On | some of -these harbors, are large cities; but i the Confederate States possess few ships and j her cities do not gfow so fast as if there i "Mras more commerce. But wc have reasoi ' to hope that in a few years wc shall tiot ' fall behind any ration in poinv oi jot- merce, or ship? to carry it on. 3. This >s a great coi-nt.-y! The Yan Ic^es thought to starve ns out wheii "they sent their ships to guaid oui seaport towns. Bi'i we have icarnsd to rijal:cma,ny things; to do without many others ; and above all tc trust in the smiles of the God of battles We had few. guns, little ammunition^ and not much of anything but f;)od, cotton and tobacco; but the people helped them-' selves and God 'Jieiped tlie people. "We were considered an indolent, weak people but our enemies have 'tound us.stroiiVr, be- cause we had justice on our side. ^ 4. The Southern people are noted for being high minded and courteous. A sti>an ger seldom lacks friends' in this couutry. Mush of the field work is dune by slaves. These are generally well used and often uayj as iQuch pocket money as their mistresses. They are contentad t\:i.iQ hcij py, and mary of thenr are christians. The sin of the South lies not in ho'C'ix,g- ifla^es. but they are sometimes niistreated. Let all the lit- ile boys and giris remember Jiat slaves a^e human, and thai God will hold them to ac- count for treating them witli injustice. • 5. The Southern Confederacy is at pres- ent a sad counviyy but Preident.Davis ie a good and wi«t: man, and many of tiie generals and otr.er officers in the army, are ^,)ious. Tiien there are many good praying poople in the la.;id ; so >ve may. hope that )ur cause will prosper. '' When the right- eous arc in authority, the nation rejoicet,'. ; FOE THE DIXIE CHILDREN 1^ bnt when the wicked bear rule the nation | tives do not know anything about them, mourneth." Then remembor. Jittlo bo.ya, I Some day, this will becorhe a fine countn ';\-]ien you are men, never fv vote for a bad ' Ti an to govern thecouniry . i ''^^^^^^- ..ZSSOIN .Xlli. 1. ihis courjtry wa« lounu to be uiore South America. advanced than any x>f tltc nations inhabiting ! -, .^n the .jorfrcrn part of Sonth Ameri- WhAtnenca. The J-duuis were quiet,,, ^ ..^^ fi,,^ jsTow Grenada, Venezuela, and aiKiuun8t.r.ons,andliaario'itgoodliOuses,|jr^,^,^^,^,,r The first is a broken country and ernes, and tempies. ^ They also had consisting of .the .highest mountains, tho 6ome ciotiies, and vessels Ji a;old and silver. h:.„,„^f ..„ii, ,., „;.,i-" ^ > •> . » i -n o^ _.-,',, " *^ 'lowest "> alleys, and most abrupt lulls. The They hr-d ro books ont mude pictures io,,i,„,g ,,;,|, j^^.,, ^j,- mountain sides, and ^emembertlangstlnitha.pened [form many pretty ....cades or water falls . 2. But the Spaniards came and killed the i p^,^ of thiscouutrv is pioasant and health v people, and tookthcir gold and silver and 1 1,„^, .|,,. |^,^ -^^^^ ^.^ ^.^^^ ^.^^^.^^.^ rj.j^^ lands. The Spaniards th-ni settled thei^^^^pi^. ,,^,,,. g^.^^^towns and schools and country, but tiiey have never pi'o^pered.,-!,^,,^}^^.^ 1,^^, ar6^ Very ignorant. The re- The country i4 still m a '.orn up coiKlitlon, i ,5^;^^,^^ is Roman, Catholic, and they have war nearly all the time.! " . '. Tlie curse of heaven seem? to rest upon them, ' Edt^^Dcni for trcatiui:? the poor Indians so cruelly. ' ^^.i , ; o HM \- ,. • -^11 1 i i. Ihiscountry lorms the hnost table land 3. ihe chuiate IS very mild and produces i . . . - , , ,1 ^u i: 4.- ■■ j' u iin. America, xt .lies between two rauirofi of all the nne traus and many rare flowers. , . , , . , , , ^ , ,ri • „. ,+' ^„ i. -■■ .1 1 .1 tiie Andes,' and is about thirty mues wide Ihere IS a range of moui tarns IJirough the U^ . , , , / , • "..,.•, • , . , it.js ai'.vavs sprmg there. . Ou the same coautiy. somci ot wnich ".re volcamo. • L "mt / , .^, -'4 ,< , tree you \'\ ill nnd large iind small leaves, ilowevsand fruit. Ji> one ti^'kl y^. X pip? with cor^s a ■ &TgQ as a childV he.id, the 'oedn of whiul arc good "to cat ; reeds aa tall as our trees, 2. This is perhaps the most l.»cautiful part of South America.' Many pretty plants vvjiich we cultivate with so jnuch care are there growing wiifl. Tliere are orangt proves benring botii fruit and blossoms at he same time, g;iy flowers, graceful creep iig phm^H, and. trees ten times as large at any we Lave 15 GEOGRAPHICAL R ji: A D E E 3. As the traveler walks, the earlh ecemb to be alive >vitli insect:, n-Lib birds of beautifm plumage, make the forest iSug, with their cheerful songs. There a:'e many cattle iu the t-ouiuPy, but tlioj ?re generally: raised for li^f. You will be surprised to hear that taoy obtain juiiik from a tree called the ccw tree. Ibey make holes in these trees, and go oarij in the morning with jugs to get milk for tlie family. It looks and tasts much like cow milk, and when it stands awhile, a yellow substance rises to the top like 'cream. The milk also becomes tougli after standing in the air, and the people then call it cheese. 4. There are many large animals and hnge serpents, and frogs as large as a child's heaa. The ' inhabitants arc ignorant. There arc many negro slaves, who are often crnelly treated, and whose masters are but little better off than the slaves. Many of these slaves are kept hunting for diamonds and gold dust. The people • arc tco indo- lent to. make good farmers. They plan* grain almost in the woods, and cultivate 3t but little. Bat in a few years this will become one of the finest farming countries in the world. Sevreral missionaries have gone there to preach to the people. LESSON" XIV. Virginia. 1 . Tills large State lies in the north east- ern part of the Southern Confederacy. It ic frequently called th e " Old D>jminion " The western part is jmountainous, the middle hilh' ana tne eastern level. The sjil i= mostly. good an'1 yov v.ill find iarge plantations, bearing fine crops, numbers of thj iinesl otock. Westcr^i. Virginia is one of the finest gra,zing sections' in the ooulll^ AH pursontiwjio are fond of .rood tjeef, milk, bntfcr and cheese would do well . to settle there. . * i. Tlie higlier class of society is noted for hospitality and. for high living. Some of* these claim to 'be deseendimts of Pocahon- tas,' which they consider a great honor. j \ on know Pocahonta- was the Indian girl I who saved the life of Captain John Smith, Idnring the curly settlement of Virginia. ! The people used' to have .many wai's with I the Indians, and then they bore their pari ■ in the Revolution and in liie'>varof 1812. I 3. In the wt.r for independence, thif State I has suffered ahiiosb us mucii'as any, Ilun-' dreds of families vrere run from their fiomes, and lobi ail -they had except their cloth.Cs, I or a little money. Many lionses and farms were dcstj'oycd, and the country laid waste. j Such are the efiects of war. -4. This State has many fine rivers :• the ! Potomac and the .-Tamc3 are the largest. There are several rail roads, and canals, ar.d one of the fir.Cbt harbors in the world. Norfolk was the main sea-port town and j contained a fine navy yard; but the enemy i has spui led it very pinch. j Il'^ehmoiid city ia the cnpital of ^he State. I and also (jl the Confederacy. This is. a VoE xnE gixiE CHILDkEK Id goodly sized city on James .river. Pri?sl- [ and corn and cotton mostly in the eastern dent Davis resides tlierc. and Congres.^ I and south-orn. Tbe soil of about half the meets tliere to make law.^ Many of tiic! State is good, but much of the other is so large buildings are used for )io?i>itnl'^. and; thin that thote who ^live on it are very there are thou t;auds of si«;k and uounded I poor. The swamp lands in the east are soldiers constantly thovc. TIutc is said -very fertile. Tlie '.veet is suited to grazlno to he much wic^cedncss ni the city —we mculi by this, grass grows well, and 6. There are a good many ifianulaetQrics c'lttle are easily raised. , • I n this State, and almost all. kinds of articles! 3. 1*licre are ma-ny large riverti in this ire made. ^But the country produces corn, ' State, and the low grounds alonf them are wheat, tobacco, &c., in great abundance. : vofy foi tiie.* Some of the principal are There are many planters M-ho own large ' Tar, Neuse, Cape Fear, Yadkin, Dan, numbeis of slaves. The^-i are generally | French Broad, &Cv Steam boats ply on rell treated, and are :i« liappy a people as thq, eastern Hvers. There aup some caiialfi my under the sun. - Tf they are su-k ?{?im'-' in the cact. There are also several railroads 't'r sends-for the doctor, if tlie crop ib short, ;i!i the eastern and middle parts of the 'hey are siye of enough to save lif? ; if they I State. ;ie growing; old, they kno\v- they will Uf-^ 4. Beaui-.-. and Morehead City vire sea irovid|^for: andjn time of war, tJicy gel^j port tov^-n? Wilming'ioii is a large com- era II y remain quietly at home, while thclxiercial town near the mouth of Cape Foar master gOQS and spills his blood fortius i River. This is noted for its trade in tar, country. • ^ I pitch and "tr.rpoitine. which are produced ! abundantlv in the eastern p.^rt of the State. ~~' " iNewberu wns «• plea:iant town, but the LESSON XT. ei\eniy have spoiled it. and driven away ., ,, „ ,. the people. Fayetteville on the Cape Fear, im (./uml)erland county, js a large town. 1. bouth of ^'irgii;ia,* wo lind another' The State Arsenal is located here, and large State, called North Carofina. Liko,^ many guns arc made. The guns and gnn the former, the wes'.ern portion is moun- iMaciiinery, were moved from 'Ilarper's tainous,'the middle hilly, and eastern level , Ferry to "this place, since the war began. But there arc not so many high moirntains The city of lialeigh near the middle of the in this State as in t!'^ )thcr - • ' ''y^tato, is the capital. This is often called middle part so h:;iy. ^. 1..= " City of 0;'.kf=." Greensboro. Salis- 2. Wheat, oats, rye, coni: and tobacco, '.^ry, Charlotte, and St&tcsvillfi arc fine .^ r\i3C'^ "• • he north-westeni" portion: tow ni oa till) railroida, Salem u noted as 20 G E G E A P n I C A L 11 E A D E E a German settlement, and forit& celebrate ij usually punishes wicked nations by Avar. I echoole for ycnng ladies. mean by thjs thai wiien people become too 5. The people of this State are acted iji wicked, tie i^ives them over to a hardness their honesty, and for being "slow but ' of heart to vrqrk out their own punishment, enre." No braver men fought in the \va;r ' and someiiracs destruction. How inv.ch for independence than those .from North better fen* all to be good. Carolina. AVhile some few cowards refused I 2. This ^tai:e is. mostly level and sandy, to fight for their country, it is a notable fiict, [The climate is very mild, and suited to rais that nearly all of them, were of the ignorant j ing vegetable^ and fine fruits. There are class, and many of them did not know what! not so many apples, peaches, ^ears, grapes, patriotism was. AVe should feel as muchiifec, raised here as in Nortli Carolina; but- pity for them as contempt, because they figs and oranges can be grown; ai.d before had not been properly tauglj^. the gardens of Virginia are planted, the •'6. Education was much neglected fn the I pea's and snaps of Charleston arc blooming. Old Koi-th State, until within a few years \ (Torn, cotton^ and rice M\i principal products past. She now has as many good schools. of tiie soil. and colleges as any sister State. Good! 3. In "this State, as v.'cll as in IS orlh Car- people are now building up schools- to cdu-Jolina, there aremany cotton mil Isand wool- carte the. children of poor soldiers who are] en factories, which produce eiRllent do- killed in this w:^.r. Nearly every child can | mestics and jeans, besides spinning much get an education here if he will be industri. j cotton yarn for the motliers aod sisters to ous. Who will be ignorant ? | weave up. In aome of these factories, ne- gro slaves perform the woik. 4. The people of this State are noted for their chivalry. You do not understand ihis? Well, when any one in)pose3 upon tliem their moU» is to iiglif. Aliso if they .see a person badly treated, they feel bound ro'help him. Their leading uicn have some limes been . called " hot headed," because they are so quick to resent an injury. 5. Tlie upper classes are educated and re- fined, but the poor are generally igncirant, Most of iiie labor is peribrined by slaves. ; LESSON XVI South Carolira. 1. Tills is a small State lying south of JS^orth Carolina. It is washed on the south and east, by the Atlantic Ocean. It is oftei; called the " Palmetto State." This was the lirst to secede. Many persons blamed th( South Carolinians for leaving the Unior. too soon; butifc may have been best; it it impossible for us to decide. ' Tlic waj [These arc hirdly so well treated as in Nortk would have come, sooner or kter. Qm \ Carolina iiiii Virginia ; but they have the czruHna^ For -Jiii- OlXiE OniLDHEN. 21 gospel preac;ied to them, and are generally ifine'rorestR nf r^n^i o« i i contented and Juppy , , ' f ^,^ ^""^ ''*^'' "^^^ '^^"^P^ C. Charleston i? lie ^n,n oit/ and is ^C^7\ Then comes a section of 1,15^- eeaport to.n .ith a fine l.rb;!^b:;:l;w|: ^S^:^^^^ is tlie capital of the S^ate Tiiis ^^ps •> " . ' ^^'^e eacJung to tl.c foot of the hilly ro roads, ,nd otl.ur ma^ks of .T,rl H, m'?^ ■ M ''"'"^ ■"■"?''"' """^ "™"- ^" "-^ this an interesting p" ' e ' *■' I T "" ''"" '"'" *° ^'"° ^'^^^ "■"* «<""' ^ rp. '•"- f other mountains. wlL^^" :;:"]^^:^L7;r "^ r ^^' -^'-"^ l ^ ^^ ^^- '---•!-' --rs .re the Savannah, wiuui tne people ni:.ke tar, p.u-h ana t^ir- ChatlahocK^I.ee, and Altamaha Thpfir«t pontine: these are shipped and sold in .th- Js navi-.ahle 4) nl^ In i'- !, er conntriPQ Pm^/.„- .' , M^* "*^^ ^-^^^'"^ '^«>^ n«des , large slnps ascBTid «^e e Wod-1 ; rf, " "■";• '" '""■'' ^' "^ *'"•' <="^ "' «''vannal,* Many of. th. 7.n,.l,„, I , , , ^"'-'^ "'«l"'«l™t5 of tlic country are eaailv i.lL? J n^h-".'" „;' ;"'"■•?■ ^^••"'';'' :-'--"J '" •"•-'■iet- Cotton and rice ar^ tl.e Umelw ,. •-•"^cr^J^-.t,. l.vo oak princi,,a! productions, bnt mud, Inn.ber, D„ l^rl r, '^'""■•' '^""«- TV™'«-oscr„en,inora,s in the State; gold Cnt tlic enemy have spo.led most of -these, i, the «,r,st abnnda.)f ■ inu stolen munv of tlio neo-roes who till' '1 i ti •• »• o ' ■he land Tl„.v f^M '.i ^<''"'='' ""» '^"- J , 3. The eity ol Savannah stands on the -lie laild. lliey told the slaves they were r, ver of (ho same name, SO feet above the oa\ anuah river, we find the city of Augua^ ia. Jt is an inqx.rtant city, and is hand-. i.-oiu'jly l.iii't. The streets are said to be LESSON" \VI1 .^Ijadr-d by tho piit;^ of India. Therein ' ' »M:eh <:otroii shiiuxd from this place : and *"■ ■ i .iie people of this bectiori arc very enter ilm 15 almost as large a r^uiw as V „•- pri^in- i:. all kindd of business. Millcdire •• -Ihe climate is pleasant. Ti.o snr- j villc is the c.nuir^ nf t:,.. s"..., 0...1 ,•« „ ^varied. Tiie sea cpas^ is level fr 1 , pleasant pi "''^'^1 wi,tii lie Cherokee ludianb occupied par' 2S •;, t O G B A P H I A J. K E A D E K rf thi. State, and had learned to livemuch gro .« here n. abnnd no . -^^ <-^'; ^ Fike the ^toepeoplc. They had fi,>c turn, i th.s tree ,s used f""^";,^' '' '„'';^°'^^ ^^ , ^ith slaves to ^ork them, good l'«"^=^. ; ''' S^^f ''T"';"' , "j^V ' ^ "r !o<. mnch eattle, shee;,, hogs and Ho.es. They | of tnnbe,. for b«.U-.J- J- C <>- Jj, the whit: people n,ade a treaty .iththenO of its hnop^^^^^^^^ ^,^, ,0 pay th«m 5,UU0.O00 d^ a„ to -'-- ^ .^^ ."b 'itain th™ to Spain igain, an« Indian Territory, where they we^o l.av t^ G ^^ , ^^ ,^^^ ^ i^^^^ ^^ .^ ^_^^ «ven milhons acres of re. !"- . S''/"" ^ ;' ;^f „,^ g^.a,,,,. Confederacy. It is saJ. mr • tir :e -:;^L:ti:;L,eeah...r,orida .on. hearing ..an, !r:S;:^twi t-;:: s;dt^?T^^. a-s-^^^-o is .i. o,dest to^. >^ rrd:>i.h.heSonthinthegreaUt.g.|~^^^^^^ gleformaependencc ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^.^^^.^^ possesses few good , ■ I harbors. • o. Tl'e Imllar.s 111 this State did. not wu LESSOIS" .XVJIl ; 50 remove west: and, thov.gh tlicy agrcec Fiorina. to go, yot tl.Sir able chinf, Oseola, declared 1. This .s a peninsula ly,ng between the| war a,Kl ga. e the United State, mv^htrou- Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of ^-1- ! W- Tins bravo ch.e..^^^^^^ . . 1 «„^ ^t>i.ii ^nd his neoide submitted to tlie wniies. The extreme point is very low, and oilen ' and ins pe i k mostly eover^d with water. The- middle «^^ '"-^ ''^ "'' '"of F or da Tl portion is level, and sandy, covered with ties fonnd on the eoast ot Florida, ih. pine forests. But there arc a few spots ot good soil which make life fr.inis.' .Tin are four sorts^thc Kreen, so esteemed soup; the Hawkhill.^d, whose shell make, sucii pretty comhs; the Trunk turtle, and eonntry is well watered-with rivers, many such pretty cora.,sMe ... ....^., ^ ^ of which are navigable some distance. The the Loggerhead. ^:^ '^ »7,',,;*°JM cUmate is very mild. Or^tnges, tigs, pome' eggs the t-tle digs a o e - - -"^ ^^^^ granates,&c., grow there in al ^-^Z^t^TpJ:::l^::rZ^:,^ with many heantifnl flower.. ' s,,JtTc„ ^rs theinup with sm.^ 'nie turd^ 2. Cottonjs the staple p-—n, ^ i ,;f -- f .^^ intLlre water and leav« ^ZZ^X^:. m:iiv:raki:hes.i...atchtheogge. Henhuntthc, i •i £ O [Ir R A r n I A L READER 23 ■'^c and sell theni. • Ti,c, u.-v^ iroiu 150 w in a iicsr, and tliey are rtonsi'lfi'od very J for eating. As soon as the young tur- :al-&, hatoh, tho}'^ scratch out ot'the saud and betake tlieinselvcs to the "vrater xilabamar 1.. This State, lies west or" Georgia, jind uorth of Florida. The Bine Kidge extends into the Northern part, the middle is a vast plain, and the Southern consists of a dead level, but. little above the surface of the sea. This is covered with pin'? barrens and prairies. Tlie cane Inkes, ^yhen cleared off ajJbrd tlie best coiton lands. S"igar cane and' rice also grow finely In- this ivgior. * 2. This State iilibrdscoal. iron, gold, and marble, but the mines have not been ex- tensively "vrorked. There is- not much (^manvifactnring, i:or a great dc»l of^coni- • tnerec. The people are inostly planters, and own many slaves. These are general- ly well treated, and hnve the gospel preach- *xl to them. • 3. Mobile, at the month of the Mobile River is the principal city. Montgomery '8 the capital of the State, and is situated on the Alabama Kivcr. The Mobile River '8 formed bj' the junction of the. Alabama and the Tombigbj', Steaoiboats run on both these rivers, and ships ascend the ATnl'lo some dLttanco LESSON XX. 1 Wcet of Alabama, we find the State ol' I Miestssippi. This is mostly level, iuter- ; spersed with hills. These liills often iiave one Gido steep, and one called bluffs. The western border along .the Mississippi con- ; sists of BT/ai'aps. Between the Yazoo and 'Mississippi Rivers, there are 7000 square jjiiiles of this swamp land, wliic.h are over- j flowed nearly every year. The tanks of I the rivers, there- are very low, and when the snow melts up north, some two or three thousand miles, and all accumulates in the Father of Waters, as the Mississippi is call ed. iiis banks are unable to contain the Tnighty torrent. 2, The people h^ve built high Avails of, dirt along the hanks of these rivers to pre- vent the hiirh water from overflowing the lands. These arc called levees. During the war, the enemy have broken down the levee? on the western side of the Mississip I pi, and caused thousands of acres to be I overflowed. ! 3. This State is well watered by many fine streams. -Several of these are naviga- ble. The Mississipp: is 4,100 milos long, I jvnd is said tu be the longest river in the I %\'orld. The Amazon in South America ib I larger, but is not quite so,long. No river in Europe or Asia can compare with thos^ Jackson is thecapital of t c State. Natchez, j 235 ii-i!c3 above New Oj leans, is a beauti- !ful city, but is •subject to the yellow fever occaMOiua^.ly. Larire ships come up to thii VTf.T -^ • 'CJK THE DIXIE OHILBREJ^ place, and some jears there aio about fif- \ ^^asor a Uv .r f.^n.f ^f > ' ■ tytLousand bales 01 cotton iA^.^ f^or^ ' ^ "' '^ ^^^^trj .s inunda. its port . * 9 ,.-, ^r- • • TT ^ • : -- -^''- -^'i'l^Sippi kivcr lormsinebbn" 4. Hero Tvas formeHj the residence oft) cjciary line bctvvcLM. tlii.s Sfate au'i Mi^^*- ' great sun, tire cbief of that wrrerfal tribej!^'. "'itii n.i.v.rt vr.v from its inonh''''^T-' of Indians called th 3 ^^uohca. Ttoj were jg'vat river tbrows ^ff brandies wbl^^tt;^ more pol and had ^•^orship sun, ana kept aconstant bnnnno tJicreoii |at wliicli limesthev bec•on^c wide-spreadincr inhor^or of the Great Spirit. When theTke Mississippi has several inouths as these French went there, the natives received i bajons are called, and. the ^md betweerj them kindly, but soon they disM^^rced, and j theni is called jhe Delta of thejiver the Indians killed the whole settlenient.j ^- New Oj-leans stand.; on the Mississip The French then sent a great force into the j l>i and is the largest commercial cityin the country, and killed many, and inade slaves j t'outheri: Gonfeoeracy. It gfands on a dead of nearly all the rest of the tribe. | level, and at high water, the river wouM 5. This section once belonged to thcK>veriiow it, but for the'levees, or embanb- French, then to Great Britain, then v.-a?t'nt?"t6 of earth, which arc thro'wn'np topre- olaimed by Spain ; and finally ceded totlu ( '-'c-t this. Some times those levees break United States. .At tlic beginning of tiu |>iiid -cubiderable damage is dona The war for Independence, thir^ State seceded j traveler is stiT'ch with die narrow street- and has nobly done her part iv the grreal | and old .fashioned houses. Hut the newer ^^^'•^g°'^- ] portions of the city are built in good styij : f-'^ '''''% ^lere is iialf a mile wide, and ' ^^^-oni one hundred to one hundred and sixty LESSOX XXI : '*'^' f^^'P'' ^"^ '^ continues about the same - , , ^ ^^'^^^^Ji ai'd depth down to the sea. Lar-e LOBlhlaBa.. I ,i,ip, lie dose ujy to the levees, and hundred. L i^omsiana presents a broad front to ihf A theoi may be seeu lyiui? upon the w-f-; eea of about three hundred miles. The sur .ike a forest of tall trees. * face of this State is low and level, uith ] ' 4. The inhabitants of this city drink wa some little hilly ranges, and many basin. | ^er from the river. This is always muddy or low spots. A good portion of the State I ind has to be filtered or allowed to s^rttd ■ is lower than the bed of the Mississij-tpi, ant oonsequcatly, when the floods come eve:-} .nd in, warm weather, the people buy ice to ;ool it. This ice is shipped around froa- FOR THE DIXIE CHILDREJ^ 25 New York, and i- a i)roiitublc business. Tliecity is very subject to ycUo\v fever. :<. The \lci\ Kiver is tlic larg;est eastern braiicli ol" the Mississippi. It rises in'tlic Rocky Diouutains, and after a course of two LESSON xxfr. Texas. 1. This cuuiitry once formed a i)art of 3Iexi.eo; but tlie people rebelled, and after a short war, became independent. It was afterwards annexed to the United States, thousand nnles enters i..to tlu- Father of but now Ibnns a pa,-t of the Sunthern Con- Waters in this State. About tive hundred f^^^pj-j^r-y n.iles ui> this river was found a raft extend-j ^'r^^ j.^^^^^, ^^.^^^ ,,,,,„. ,^,^^^^^j ^.^^. ^j^^. ^.^^._ ing one hun.lred and sixty miles. This was j ,,g^ ^,^. I,^„l „^,,, ^^.j,,, ,.^;„ ^^^,^^. ^^ ^.^^.^^^ f<.rmed by trees falling in the river, and had I i^^.i,^^, p.uuished ; but of late -years it has t.. bo clernvd out before vessels could a.- ; ,,^.^.,^„^^, a thrivin/Stat.>. It is a fine conn- ^"^'" I try for grazing, and much ytock is raised. 0. Louisiana was lirst occu].ied by the j The climate is mild, but somewhat unplca- French. Tt was afterwards* ceded to Spain, ..^ant. You may ride out of a pleasant then to France again, and linally to tlie evening, and bef(.a' you return the wind Fniled States. This was one of the early xyill blow up so cool that yon. return t.(7takc States to secede when the revolution broke! up your blanket* for sleeping. These an- on t ; and nobly has she done her part, ^called Northers, and blow up very suddenly. This State i)roduced the gallant Beaurc-iThe nights are cool all the time in this sec- giird, the general whose iiame|is familiar in ] tion. No matter how oppressive the heat every household. ^ niay be by day, you are ahvays sure of a 7. The French laiigujigo is much spoken ; cool night, in this State, and the Roman Catliolic is ''• This State has several fine river? ]»erhaps the lu'cvailing religion; though emptying ijito the sea. Oalveston is the there arc many of other sects at the present pi'bicipal seaport town. Austin is thf time. Tlie State has suffered greatly during capital. This State has not suffered much the war. The i)eo[>lc have been roljbed and from war. sent from their homes in many cases, and tlie towns anro]c,CA and lilly, ^vith soino inauiitai,ns. land Tennessee; on'theivest ^ve lind Indian Tliccnsum i)art of.1'l\e,S,tate,ne\t the Mi^" i T'^''^^'**^^'-^' ^^^^'^^^ 'Wisconsin, and sonth Ar- sJFsippi' i. Ij.vel ?\ji.d ■s.wanii-jN;. , Bnt, v.\iK-h of j ktiR^as. Part' of the country is hilly .and tliLs.i&.iio.w dvaiued .oft^Au4, vaider ciddy,^- 1 nionntainous, .hiit -ather poi-tions are .v^r.y Uom ■,: - ■. I r.„; ..•.,. /.".,■',„.' | low and niar^^lij.. • ' . ■ ,., , ■-, 2. Arkansas is well supplied with ,nayi-,| ' -2: The State is well watered, the ;\Iissiii- ./rahle streams,. The.Ark'ansas; thervud, thelsippi-on theeast, the Missouri through tlie Vhite.and tlic.. W.ji.sliita, are:nobNi rivers. 1 ceittrc, the K'ansas,.Big Bhick, Osuge anfi Tlic soil h generally gopd, .and.th6,produ;3ts!otJji?r3,,aU.cojitributc. toauako: this ,a riph* gcr.ejn.ljy ""^yh. • corn .and cotton. ' Thi:: | setlk-n.. ' Some of the hills are ragged .and State ,abound.sin:mineral^pfy^aii,o*a3 kinds, j barren, but for the most part ihe country is Theru.arc, -also, mhieral .€pings,.of.,grea,t | wejl timbered wit)i , .pi'ne, sycamore,, hapk- variety, and .soiue hot spruigs,. hot • enQUgh bory,,cotto'.i wood, suga^r-niaple, etc. It is. taboil.au egg • ..■ ■ • .... ....■..,.. .' .3v TUi;i State has. np ■ l.argc ci,t,ieij. '. ., Little Rock is -the capital "Thc'S.tatp lins been mostly. settled by cDi-igna^u.ts tVQ«n..the-c:thf,'!' States,.' . They.-eleot itUeir gov.ftruqr./fpiv.i^v ane.xCiCllent farming section. .S. ThQinnnerals of Missosuri.arc yarjed and valuable.', liuad, irpn, zink, ]ilumbago, ar- .■ipnic, &c,, areXmnd. Sliot auctoi'ies are lo- cated otit th.e.hioli blulis of the Mississippi. term o.f = fr?, and all T>Y),ilte men xyho; A^^^^^-'.^'VO^^^J "-clt lead and pour- it through havoUvcd there six months, .m-e.a.llQwed,tQ I ^'-'-^'^s; when in falling some distance the vote if 21 years ofnge. The saiq.of,lotte-p'^liOt^^i'c,formcd,'and drop .on th,e sfxnd be- rj tickets , i.s prohibited..- by , hw, aiu] there low. are no lotteries hi the Stat o. , • •. .-,..,! ^.,' ^- ,A^''^. ?*• '?• ■ ^^'^^t grazing country, and ,4. This State Ims suffoa'd terribly pi i].i:>i,igi^^*f^*^''C'"<-H,<^^' and jiois'es are /he war. The encmj- hayo-, i-avaged .ticnj'ly | ^^M^ ,T^'° owners have little to, do'be. the wliole of it, and the wrongs (if tlie.peor Ipi^ks to mark'anci turn their stock out, and pic .{ire hcurt-rcnderi ng. Jlut there « a .'^'""j ^'^^ ^^'^i^i ^'^ ^^'^^^". ^^'ey are fat. Much of God of vengeance ai;d ere long thc^e suf. tj''«;l'\^ sbx-k is placed on h>rge flat boats fcrers will be avcn,"'ed. jahd "(ibnvej'ed oh the rivers to the towns _____' j iind t-i'ties for sale. • Corn, wlieat, cotton, TT-cdV'VVr vVt-\7 I tobacco, '• and other" products* arc raised. I s. '' ' I Aiuerican >ur Company ccaisists of a Missour!. j good many men who sell }urs, and buy 1. Missouri is tlic second Stute in size, in I wool, mlilcs, &c. In the* city of St. Louis FOlR' THE D'lXlE ^CUTE^D-REN.' ^T they have a large liouso containing' tliou-j 8'. This S'ttlicl^j^ s\fi creel drci'1fnHj4n <•- Bands of siv.ist;i't»;-lmii.;h of tlii State ; but •t!i*2^'l)i*;ivj's»pirit'i't'»e.'e will yo'couqiier, aJ'.d-th'is' will bj O'M o'i' i\f> H'l >;*: States in t.lv3 Gnfe:leni3y. Thv^ Tudiansfrom Indka Tcsmt-ory, hi^J jola^l tin S»atlia.'a anu/, and- made tU2:iliolvc3 iiscfal to. ou.»- cause. LESSOR XXY licntiicky. * 1. Tlic, State, of Kentucky is separated pn the, nortl\,fry:n the Uni^^i States,, by t|i3 O.iio River, Virgj lia.bo in hit on tha eiiit/rennej^o^ ,o.:;i. flie south an.d'tl,ie Missis- sippi Hi vqv gntlie wijat. ,Tlie,C.iniborland \t:iuntains Q.';p:ipy that, p^rt of the State the earth opened in wide .chasms,, and sent I ^^'-^ ^"^ Vkgiaia. . Then the piiio IlilU lie forth columns .Qf^sand" and ;^water. . Some j '^^'^'J^? a. few, niileo fro^n tliQ Ohio'Kivcr. hills sank dowirand left lakes, in their j ^^"""'.'l-^ ^hese the country i^p.^rtly hilly, places. Some lakea, >verc raised up so.lhel'V^J parfly Ie^>"U..the lOw. poniuns ly|ug water ran out and left dj-yhiud. Tiie.b.ed» "-'^^ f^'*^ I'ivcrs^ ..These, river valleys are of .rivers were changed.. and.cv.en. .the :Mis- '• ^;f^!7^H^"^''v'' f^}}.'] ')^"^''' ''^^'*^' ^''^ country sissippi was turned baek in its courije.-ior i\ 'J'!*V^"V.^:^.^"!-1A:. . v.-holo hour, till the weight of. the wate; ' broke over an< Boata ,verc dash^^Mc^c^iu©^ mu uitim.-r, m ..i, .i.. ... , , .. , ..^ left in thcdry channel- while. the Uglituiui.- ';}, ^^'° '^^''.^^'^■''''^M '"'*^ A''^..^' flashed, and the ear.t|irmiibl.e41oiJ(dQr than ^^'"^,^!>''.^'''^'^5, '^'^'^ ^-v^^'^ cr any thunder. Sorao slight sl^pqk^ huwu l^^^-'" "^"^''■^^''"■*^ ^ 2. Their State is jiuldy watered. Thu H tlie weight ot. the wate;' ^: -^'!^'^ .^^'^''V.,. ." . r.. . '' '^'. "• •^. - id, fonved a new q].Himel/^^^."'''''"'^\P'''^. *^'^ ^i'''"^*'"^''' ^'^^ ^^^'^'^^*.*^ L^hedagj^inst the blanks, cu '•'f.^'fe. •''^^^^'\^''^'^""^'^^'^.^?^.f'"'"^^^^^^^^ Wn felt since, buf they have iipuj-Jy ceased now. 01 Tli rc.i^io'n v.-.in.:e- tacky, the Li.;king and Salt Rivers, is ac- 2» . G E O G K A F H I C A 1. READER stribed as the gardeu of tlie State.' Mo^t of these rivers are iiavigahlc] some'liftj, some one hundred, and one, the Tennessee, three hundred niik'.*. - 3. This is a lime-stone region and abounds in caverns, sinks and oubterraneiuis streams. This, htst moans rivers running under ground. Sometimes thev l)nrst out of tJie earth and furm ariver large enough tu turn a mil!, jlammotli Cave extends about two . miles and a half under the ground, and its i-uonis are large and lieauti- ful. But when you visit it, vuu must takt; lamps or toivhes, for it is all darli us niglit in there. 4. The mineral ]»y»d actions are iron. coal, salt, and saltpetre. Salt is obtained from salt springs. These springs' were call- ed licks, by the early settlers, because cat- tle were fond of licking around them. In- dian corn, hemp, wheat, and tobacco, arc the staples. Some cotton is raised. This is a line section for ctock raising. The horses of Kentucky are considered very ex- cellent ; and ^large numbers of hogs arc driven every year to other States. 5. This State formed a part of Virginia, and was first explored by hunters from that State and Xorth Carolina. Of these Col. Boone was one of tlie leaders, ilc was a brave man and had inany lights M-ith the Indians. Sometimes M'hole families werd murdered, and "others went l)ack to their native places, but still pojmhition increased and it soon became a fiouriyliiu'^ State. , t>. This State like Missouri W9,s much divided in sentiment] when' the, war broke ' out, and has suffered mnch ; but it is be- lieved that 'wlien the matter is left to the people to decide, they will declare theui- sclves Southerners. Many of her gallant sons are fighting for "Southern rights." 7. Frankfort^is tlie capital. ^Jt is a nour- ishing city oh the Kentucky River. Louis- ville is the principal commercial city. It stands on the Ohio, and- steamboats -can reach it at all seasons. It has much trade and is the seat of inu('h manufacturing. , LESSON XXYI. i. Tciinessee has Kentucky and Virginia on flu; north, North Carolina on the east, Georgia. Alabama and Mississippi on the .suutli ; and Missouri and Arkansas on the west, l-ke easterji'part is mountainous, tlie middle hilly and the western level. These sections are spoken of as East, Middle, and West Tennessee. The Alleghany and Cumberland mountains exteud-from^ Vir- ginia and Kentucky] south wiird through this State. 2. Wo find here many iu)l)le rivers and line pure streams. The Mississippi washes the western border foi' 160 miles. It is tra- versed by "the Cum1)erland, Tennessee, Clinch^ Hols'ten, Elk, Duck, Obion, Forked 'Deer and llatchee ; which -jire all navigable streams. FOR THE DIXIE CHILDE'E^ 3. Iron, gold, coal, and salt arc .tlic principal minerals. A largo portion of the 6oil h productive, and agricnltnre is the chief occupation, of t# inhabitants. In- dian corn and cotton are tlin chief produc- tions.; but wheat, hemp and tobacco, ard much grown. Grazing is much attended i to m the eastern part, and manj fine stock are raised and driven eastward to market- i The pine forests of this section also afford I tar, pitch and turpentine.- Several rail-' roeds hare been recently biult, and canare dug, 80 the people have good means of fccnding their produce to market. 4. This State once formed a part of North Carolina, and like Kentucky, thei first huntei-8 who settled there were mlich ' annoyed by the Indians who met there i to shoot Buffalo and Elk. But emi-' UT&TLts flocked in and, soon this beautiful' section became a State. 5. Tlic Legislature of Tennessee has made provisions for educating the children I and besides, there are several fine Colleges I and Seminaries ; so no one has an excuse for I 3eing ignorant. Ther^ were eoino excel-' 8» • , ' 29 lent papers and periodicals published in tms State before the war,'. but most of them' are suspended. I 6. JSTashville is the capital of the State lit stands on the Cumberlaad River, and is ^ a nice city. The enen.y took this place tho I first year ot^he war, and have not jet been lariven from it; but they will be ere loug. I The Methodist Church have a publishing house here, and many good books are made ,tor the whole Coniederacy. ATeniphis is the principal city in A\^est Tennessee. It stands on a high bluff on the Mississippi," 30 feet above tlie higlje&t fiood^. 7. Many hard battles have been fouc^ht ! here during the war Ibr Independence. ; But though she is oppressed now, and snf- [ fers much, no one/ears for Tennessee. She I is nobly doii]g her part, and when the war ' is ended, she will b(3 one of our best States. 'Many pure spirits arc praying for ])caco, and if wealllMimble ourselves as we should vre shall soon be blessed with the glorioua news Peace ! Peace ! ! Peace ! ! ! O who will not appreciate Peace when it comes ? SECOND PART, R E V 1 E W . LESS()>«' 1. Q. As the i.'artli luovutj aioiiml the aiuii, g. W'h lit have yon ])eeii reading- ahouf ^'-'iHOtinies tlio snn sliincs straight down A.- Geoo-raphy. ii[>un us ; do wt- tliovi liavr^ wai'iu «•)• cold Q. AVhat dt)es it tell you ai)out .' weather/ A. The earth. • ' -^- ^^"anii. Q/'AVhat it^ the earth '. Q- Wlien it sliiiies slanting u]H.n us. what A. The'planet on which -we live. . ^'^^ ^^'^ ^^'f'» l»ave ? t^. What'is the shai>o of the eartii '. -^- ^'>^^ Aveather. A. "Round lilce a ball. Q- ^^'I'J^it *!<» ^ve .'hII these ehang(»s ^ Q. Doesjs stand still f . '^- <^'li''vn eyes of season. A. No; it'turns over. '^- ^\'J'<^ii yon toast a piece of hread Q. How often does it turn .' ; l't--l'ore the tire do yon set it straipjht up. or A. On.-e in a day and>i-,dit. '^'•^" ^^ '^'^^'^^ • Q. Wliy do we not fall ofi":^ \. I M't it in.. .V. The earth draws us to it.' ncn we have wmii r. what do ih(>\ (v>. What ijocs ) he daily motion of the have f '■»'■''' i'._ . . . ^ A. All Snnmier. i}. What is it oil the otlier side ? Q. At the poh-b. the bun shim's \ rry .Jant- A. Ni^^ht. iQg nil xh\i time ; what do they have th«re f di GEOGRArniCAL READEB A. All winter. Q. Is not that a sad cold place/ A. It is. LES.SOIsMU. . ,, Q. What is the surfaoo oi tiio ^aTtH? A. The outside. • Q-. How is it divided ? A. Into land and water. ' ' Q. How much is water i A. ^ Th reo parts - of 'i t. Q. How much island? ' ■ - A.' One part, .or one fourth. ' • Q. What do wo call a very hit-go Jjortioa of land? A. A Continent, Q. How many Continents are there J.' A. Two. .. . Q. What- arc they called ?■ A. Eastern and Westevr.. ' -Q: How is the eastej-n c-ntinentdxvidcd? ■A. Into Euro2:>e, Asia awd Afrid-a.' Q. Howls tlie western coiitinent Hi'vidftd? . A. Into Nortli and -Soiith Aniericii ' ^'. On: which contineiitdo you'liVci' ' A. On the western. ■ Q. In what division of the western conti- nent' do yon live? '••',' ■ -A. '.In. the Southern' Confodcraby. Q. la what State do you live ? A. In^ • ■ Qi In what ccmaty ? ■• Q. In what town V A. In — ' LESSOR IV. I Q. What do you "cair a ' portion 0:f land s'ur rounded by water? A. An island. Q. What do you call a pointof laud' ©x- tonding into the water? • A. A cape. • ' -•; ■ • ' Q. What do you call a' natrow'^trip of land cOnnectirrg ' two other' pieces' of land ? A. An isthmus. ' ' Q. What do you call alow pi^eec 6f lattd ? I A. A valley. I Q. What do voir call a level piece t/f lahd? A. A plainL • • ' • • - ' • Q. If it is cov^l'ed'with sand?' j A. A desert. • ■ ! • Q. If it is covered with grass ? ' A. A prairie. ■ ' Q, What do you call a portion 'df Idnd' raised very high ? A. A mountain. ■*Q. A portion not so high rtts a mountain 1 ! A. A hill. \ , . , . ' Q.* What do you call a mountain ^^hich has fire inside of it ? .1 A.* A volcano. ! Q." What do volcanoes throw out? A. Fire, smoke, hot ashes and lava. ■ Q. What is lava ? I A. Molted stones.- . I Q. Aro thero volcanoes in yoiu* country? A. I nevea: heard of any. FOR jn^ DIXIE q^iLpj^i;]^ ?? LESSON V. I ,..A. T])e lain fallp, and soaks into th 9 earfli) Q. iVTiatia a, very .^afge h6dy of j^altl'^^^^^'^ it jnius ^ion^, until it fiLdjs an open- jing; tJbid is a, spring.,, . , x I Q. When the sua shines on th^ oceana I and livers, what issuee? I A. Vapor. M-ater called ? A. An oceaji. Q. How many oceans ai;e,ther,e,^ A.. Five. . ; .•'.,■. i Q. What are they called ? | A. Atlantic, Pacific^ jNgrti^eru, Southern j r.nd Indian. Q. Which is largest ? A The Pacifii^ , Q. Which is smallest ( A. Tiielnduin. Q. How w^deis the Pacilic ? A- Three tliousand miles.- . Q. Wliat do yc»u call a smaller body of salt water i A. A sea. . .' Q. When a portion ot** water rnu.< up. into' the land, what is it called ? A. A bay or gnlf. Q. When a portion of water is entirely Mirrounded by laud what do we call it? | A. A lake. Q. Do lakes have gait or fresh water? .\. ^omc are salt, and some are fresh. . Q. What do you call a streani of water running over the land ? A. A river. Q. Wliat is a small stream called i A. A ])rook or creek. Q. What makes a ci-cek or brook ? A. Rills and branches running together. Q. Where do the rills come from 7 A. From the sprm^a. Q. And where db Uie springs originate i What ia vapor? Fine drops of water Where does it go? It goes into the clonde Q. When it fills, ^Jxa,^' 'dh yoa cbJJ it I A. Rain. • * • A- Q A LESSON "VL. Q. What is a sphere?' A-, A globe or balL Q. What is a liemisphere ? A. A half a globe. Q. If 1 make a line all around tho earth from nprth to soiitli what will you c^ll one half of it ? .\. A hemisphere. Q. Then you have two hetnisjjhdres ; what do yon call them ? A. Eastern and Western. Q. Suppose I draw the )ine aVotind the earth, from east to west we have two hejn- isphereii also ; vi hat do you call them ? A. jVorchem and. Southern hemisphenj. Q. Which hemispheriedo wo live in ? A. The northern. Q. How do Von know i A. Bccaiise I live north of" the equator. Q. What is the equator ? . 36 GE OGR A.PHIC AL READER A. The line wliicli runs around flic cartlj A. Tl)c north frigid, hall' way between north ;ind south. Q. Tliat around the south [>o\r. '. Q. Wliiclido we live in, the t'atsti^rii or A. Soutli frigid. \ve^t(.•;n ^ . Q.- Wliat does fritrid nicati \ A. TIm- wisiciM. -. A. Cohl and/ro%en^ <\). Why i' . ■ (.^). Then wliat is the climate in the frigid A. Beenui^c \\'(Mivc wi'^t of (ireenwieli. zone? • . A. A'ery eold indeed. Q!jWhat kind of people and aniniuls live LESSON Vll. "'^^'■^- ' . ' * .. it', , •, .1 . , • A. A few slioi'ii hard\ rie(.)r)1e and sonu- Q. \\ luit sadf on the waters . , , ." ^ . cn» 114. aniniak witli tousrh skin covei-ed with l"ur. A. Ships ;ind boats. ■ , ■ ^ , ,. TTri 4. 1 !i .• f U- \v hat of the trees ^ C^. NVJiat ni one ri>niitiy *■ .1. y ' ■ " A. Tiiey ai-e not taller than a man i'lnd to another : . / • t /-I 1 • iv 1 1 .-t bear no fruit. A. Goods, s])iee'S. sui^^ar, eoiiee, gold, ?u- _ . , , r. " Q. WJiat IS th(^ eharaetei- of the peoitlc f \ er. cve. ^ • ' ^ Q. What nu,ve.lhc ship, uj.un the u..ca,l^ -^- 'Tliey are industrious and good na- A. Some are driven l)y steam and some tured; and seldom -go to war. , „ •. 1 " Q. What zone do we find on till' (.'(niator^ i»j win* I. ^ J ' (,). What lives ill tlir water f •• -^■. ^^^^ ^'^'"'^'l- A. (ireat whales, sharks and lislKkl" all si- (.>• What does torrid^nu-an r A. ir(»t, }>arehed up. <,). For what were these made '. • ^l- Tl'^n what is tlie climate there \ A. Soifie for foud for man. and some fur ^^- "v^^' warm^always summer, animals to live npon. • .Q- What kind of trees willyou find tJiere? (-,). Who made them nil '. A. Very tall, with la.-ge- Leaves and fruit A. Gud. and blossom.- all the year. - (^. }lo\v large are some of the lea\esf A. .Laree enougli to/earpet a.eommcn LESS().NV111. _ ,i.ed room. (^). AN' hat is n zone ^ (,^. Do t]ie trees bear large fruit '. A. A belt or girdle. ^ A. Some of 'them bear iVu it larger tluin (^). How many /.ones are there '. \ could carry. A. Fiv>'.. - * j Q. What of the pe<. pie there ^ (:^. What is^ that called M'hich lies around I A, They are tall, of dark eompleetion .the North Pole?. , very indolent and warlike. /.Ch, Kol;. rilK DIXIK cmJLDHEN Li. Vv'lial ui the aiiimalb .' , : A. They arc uot, hnt jjtost of tlieni c:,u A. TLev are vorv l:irp:e and forofiuUH. In' if they wiiUtrive. a What of the j-eptiles and injects ^ , ^- ^^•<"^^*i "ot every Ix.y and t-irj A. 'J'hcro arc hu-i-e crocodiles, aud huge ''^'^^'' ^^'^^^ *« ^^^ '^^ e,.j^ ,„. (.'opper .-otoivd. ^ Q. What do y.ui r-all the om* ne\t the q_ ^Yh-M c<.h.r is tlir Mon-oUan » ^ foiith frigid ( ' ^ Yelhnv. A. The 5rtCi*. cows, sheep. t%e. q. The Afi-i.an ^ A. BlacV. ^ Q. The Mahty .' A. Xcarly black. Q. Whicli race ipnidSt civilized.' A. The Cajueaeian, Q.. Which is the beat edncatoantlierH, q_ AVhich are the most fen. eions and >mv \vi!dcat.-, l.niVal'x's, i\:c. ' ao-ef^ A. Wild animals. j \ The IndiHii. Mongolian, May lay ana Q. What «»f "the people tliere ? 'African. A. Th.y are indnstrions, patient and in- q jg ^j^g African savage in ^his countrj- T .^llif^ent. . ^ jsjy . they are docile ahd religion* Q. What does intelligent mean.' here. A. Tliat they read bookt^,- and learn -q u,^^^. j^rc they in Africa where thry ■nany thiug% to talk abonf. > li rat come from ^ Q. Are all lUr |tv»iipl.,' in ini- yoiw .>dni-v- A. They are v<'rv ium'Tant, .-rnfl ^^^^ tfd f ; wretched as It E O U K A r H I i\ L U E A D E K Q. How do the ludiaiis live ( A. By Imntiug and fishing. Q. Where did thev onc(i live ^ A. In all America. Q. What has become of them i A. Tlic white people drove them away and took their lands. Q. Are they all gone ( A. A few of them live in soiiic places ; j their kino* dies. (). Suppose be is a wicked or bad man . must he still govern the people '. A. IIC' must. Q. Would not the ])eolc be very wretch ." cd under such a ruler ^ A. They would. ■ Q. How can they help themselves .' A. They generally have to bear it utuil but do riot seem much happy. Q. Was it not wrong to drive them away and take their lands? A. It was, and God will judge the white man for it. Q. May not some* of the wars we have had, have been such judgniQnts? A. Very likelv. LESSCM X. Q. When one nian rules a eouiiti'y what is the government called ? A. A monarchy. Q. If he has other men to'liel}) him gov- ern, what is it called ? A. A limited monarchy. Q. If his will is law, so he can take li\|fes! or property at his. pleasure whatcTo wb term it ? * • A-- Absohite monarchy. Q. When people eleci a man by \ otiiig, to rule over them, what is he called ' A. A president. Q. For what lono:th of time are presi- dents elected ? A. In the Southern. Confederacy they ser\'e ^ix years : but in the' Uii-ited States only four. Q. If people elect a bad president, what is done at the close of his term ? •A. Anothei' man is elected. Q. AV^hat is our goverinuent called t A. A democracy. Q. What is a democracy 'i A. A¥here the peo})le elect their own rulers. Q. What kind of men should we elect to govei'U our country ? A . Good and ^vise men. q: wiiy i • • A. '' When the righteous- are in authori- ty, the people rejoice, but when the wicked Q. What are such rulers called ? . , |,cai-etli rule the people mourn. '' A. Kings ahd emperors. . ! q ^^i^ere do yon learn this ? Q. How are kings appointed ? . | a. From the Bible. ' ' A. The oldest son of the king becomes | q. -^^m Q^d curso a nation because of kdng on his father's death. ' ^-^^^ j.^^l^^j., , I'Oi: TUE 1)1 xiK en [luke^s 30 A. Jlcsajslic AvilL I Q. Arc these judirincnts fur our sin^ Q. . Then M-heii you little boys grow u]> to j alone ^ be men, will yon resncniber thi? '. 'A. Tlu-y are i)artly for our sins, and A. We M'i-ll fry.' partly for the sins of our.for9fathers.' Q. If the i»coi»lc of the Unireci states Q. Tlien iiow shall we . expect"' peace, iiad always elected G;ood men ..-r rulers' since sin has brought war ? whaf Avould have been the rcpult '. A. AVe niust repent of our sins and ask A. Wti shouUl have had.no war. (rod U< hk%^ our efforts to defead our conn (I Why ^ try. A. Because every man would haNC-beeu • (j Whypo' willing to treat others justly, and there \ i5n,.oimp -^ Ji' f a ) r. v \ '^ i, o . J J .\. i>nnne«s«<- 42 CONTENT S— C X C L U D E D « E V I i; \y . Page. Lesson Orsr . . ." » '53 T^espon 'J'wo -'o Lfib-soii Mircc - :'' 4 •Lcwori Yoxif ■^•1 Li-sstm Five . * -^."i I.i . N E W P T B L I C A T I C) N S . V I! T J. K L K A \ K S^ r <) K K N S A T T H K T <) M B . REV. A. W. MANGUM. s i: < o > i> F. I) 11 I () \ . U K V I S K ]) A X I) K ]s ]. X ]l (J K I) . . A Book Peculiarly Adapted !■ '• T U K . T I M K s . A \ I. S h'o u 1 <1 hv ! f a (i 1. y ever y V c r ^ (• n .. t T A S T K A N I) ],• K y \ \ i-; y\ y y y |{ K \ ;\ » o ^ . r 1 K K A K A r «> * . U A I i: 1 p 1- 1 i a My a l> a f u :« < h o n i % : give* I h «^ « I II d o II t a I i 11 «« !<• h » »» J «- f s n I' R K t :^ ^ O \ . I A K II A K A f O . , yo. 1*2. rnfcltvvillv ^\. n A i. >. 1 r, n . X , C . u; N K W V r l; i. I f: A T I i > N S F I R S r D 1 X I E R E A D E R BY M RS. M . i;. M (in I! K .. ^ »A U T li (' Jt, <> 1-. T l« o B> J X a e P 9" J SB* c r . ' ' " • $j« o o 4? e- a |» Bi » <: a I S4 o 11 «S 1' v , '"'. & c- THIS BOOK FOLLOWS THE PRIMER A N [1 M P OS E I) B y A -.. S Q r- T Jl K R K W R L T E R, A Is' I) 1 :n ~ ■ S U T IlEE N S T Yl^E: IFIK . - B li I S \ ^ (i R E A T 1» E. Ifl A IV I) . F R S A L E A T T 11 E B O OX R U M S ....•■ •' •, i «« - B K A i\ S O T* . F A*K R A 11 & CO.. P H b J I s h o V s , R A 3, K I G ]I , IS' .. . N K \V t' [' 1! I. I (J ATI N-S- T H E G K ( ) (t U a P TI I C A ! . II E A 1)1^: |{ ]\ A PS i-: so It'll !K It N STATKS, Mim s')."' M. "ik'o' m (S) (i : A i: r 1! <) li (> I- 'r ii i. J) i \ i f P r i me r , First Dixie Re a d e r , A: c . . I s E § l» B^ T O C O .Iff :TI O i\ >» <• s^ <> «> I. « A \ I' C ( ) N S T A. N T L Y ■ O N II A N D , H 7. 1 S^l 1 \ (1 A X I) S A L P:,^ Li O U M s U iC i .\ « O .\ . I' \ R 14 A It A V, <> . . P II l> I i » ii «, I- « , U A f. E I o u , N . C 4> K E \V !-• V P. L (J A T I (.) N S F 1 M S r B () ( ) KIN C () M 1^ ( ) S I 1 I ( ) S 15 Y L. BH iU SON, A. M. T h f « 1$ o o k i% d «' * i s IB o <» to p i- «> <• ♦> d *• i: it i^ i i << i« €a i- a Hi in II »• a n tl i- «• it d ♦• r I h *• ! a t J *- i- ♦• ;e * s i' * it SI d «i » !• <• 5> ! e a * St »» < 1 ><» I li <• » < li - tl e as } . it « »• i II f o 8- *. i» «; r * i' d \fc I « 5j jm ii 11 y |S I e H ' ' • • s a w I AVRITIK(; EXERCISES L E A D I IV G X G R A D JL^ A 1. L T T O * ' .• I ]\ D E 1' E N D E N T C M P (> U I T 1 D >i . / T I ^ -V ^^ F r -s /•;/> -v ^- <:' c E s s f r l I v / ^' 31 A N Y C O M 1ml O N S V H O O T. S % > O \ C A I> 10 M 1 i: S . A ?ir S O 3s , F A IR K A R & i O . -. E-ALEiGH, ]sr. C NEW Plj'BLlL'ArTONS ; i; A \ S(t "v K AIM-! AK ^r (i \, h' w , ■I'., i; t TJ1»; <;-';0<;11APHK;.VJ. JtKADkiR for THF, f>IX'IK tMML->RSJV.- Wi;h>l;ij..v Ti.i, ■-.:!„. f,;-,-!- *'<'":^'^. >y t.-\<.-r pui.>^l^^^^^J■V.ill t)i" <:<'ri'.jdori>.o States, hi the Sf,-.07KlL'.lit!Oi> it i-; iijSciid.-l to iiu'-r.-aw titv. i;niiib(;r "i ii'dpp, tfrvd (ileo iniprovetJiC Ktylj. ;«■ » i'r:;''' *2 1' ■ A Coiii.Tiwii .^elio<^1 ('.<-o^'rfl|.hy -vlil It ; i'i>=!hIic.1 in tine c<^ n-.-^y jf Urn. , J ■ , - - ' - - '; ■ '; >;'.E17K«T, DIXIE ^EA1>I-:K, ;-■ J!ir.rp.s, «iiVhvr»;iui. ■ |.ii.rl-..!i(.a.t-.ii.«.M n ).r<^s^ v ]y)\ KiUt.I'^ii will T?;-?-: IVfV.iJ SlMXi.t.-v. ^ipOK. By .N^-s. M. ti. Mooi.'s:, aii-^'ior or tlie Dixie ytiicn. U is believed *i]l lie udaptcl i'bo to tlie •a'P:i{< -A' • vv C")uiron ScIiO'>l:». Nu pyvti-- nil; V ■=pjired to conipletc it early and iunke ir f'iual JJi merit to ai.v..-tH-iiiiif' l.ool; ill tlic fou^ir. " :y_, jt rig^ $] OO 1" y FIItST BOOK IN CGMrO'i.ITJON. j-^ uc.-^,gntd w pie^-.-do Eiiglisii (iramuuir, nialcng feo Litte'i- (.i-.'-i^T unJ more i'lr!is;,ut lor tin.- ^.tiu'cnt. li i.-i iu>'.v introduced si-.ccc^Mly iato ifiaiiy of tlic Schools and Aciide- ltr,:c8 ot V ^.- Ci'nutry, ^tistLeoiily iVv k of tha kind publishr-d in the 3o'i$h. Fiii!e ?1 00. " ■ - , 4 - ■ MYUTLE LEAVES "Hv Rev. A. '\v\ M.vNfH'i!. A B.^ok peciirrHy uciaptc 1 to th;; tin!cf>.'_ Svooi-d Iv'itl.r'Ti i/a- provod and eiilar.cj'id; i.mw lu prcKt iiid v.-jll bv isjjvicd scon, '"end m yo;:r oidevB. Fricc $i jO HI^TOiilC \L 3CRIT rL'I?E QUESTIONS, giving a lii.stprioal Lnow'lcdge of tiu- Bil>lo, is^prououncod to be thL-JloKt Liiing yet pub'ifriicd ou llifc |ru^j.?et. Suited to the yo-2flgaiiu,ti:e old. ' ' PrietiGOct^. The in rnadt ti* Utv trad '; ii it A M S O ]^ , F A R R A ]% & € O . , E A L il; I G K . K . I'-fc'? z^e^^^ -^^i^^m^^"^^^'-