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REGAL HERALDRY. 
 
 armorial gfttrfgnia 
 
 Of t&e 
 
 Mngfi antf <^ueett£S of <£nglattt», 
 
 JFrom Cocbal authorities. 
 
 BY 
 
 THOMAS WILLEMENT, 
 
 HERALDIC ARTIST TO HIS MAJESTY KING GEORGE THE FOURTH. 
 
 Sanson : 
 
 Printed by W. Wilson, i, GreviUe-Street, Hatton-Garden : 
 PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, 25, GREEN-STREET, GROSVENOR-SQUARE I 
 RODWELL Sf MARTIN, NEW-BOND-STREET; 
 AND T. MOULE, DUKE-STREET, GROSVENOR-SQUARE. 
 
 1821. 
 
TO 
 HIS MOST SACRED MAJESTY 
 
 KING GEORGE THE FOURTH, 
 
 BY HIS MAJESTY'S GRACIOUS PERMISSION, 
 IS MOST RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, 
 
 fit) ttii 4Haj«ftg'<$ 
 
 DEVOTED SUBJECT AND SERVANT, 
 
 THOMAS WILLEMENT. 
 
 
prelate. 
 
 IVIany have been the attempts, by authors pos- 
 sessed of considerable classical learning, to trace the 
 origin of heraldic distinctions up to the most remote 
 antiquity; these have, however, been generally con- 
 ducted without due discrimination between individual 
 and hereditary symbols, and many have attributed, 
 by way of anticipation, such arms to the ancestors as 
 were, in reality, first adopted by their descendants. 
 
 That the use of some distinctive marks or figures 
 is almost as ancient as that of banners and shields, 
 can scarcely be doubted ; but, that any attempt at 
 
VU1 PREFACE. 
 
 peculiar appropriation took place before the cele- 
 bration of tournaments, or the first expedition of the 
 crusaders, we have no creditable warrant to con- 
 firm. The magnificence with which those romantic 
 feats of chevalry were conducted, would induce a 
 progressive attention to the ornaments of the com- 
 batants, and the knights, would naturally wish to 
 retain in succeeding solemnities, those devices, that 
 might remind the spectators of the former successes 
 of their valiant bearers. 
 
 In the holy wars, where so many warriors of 
 different nations were collected, a strict attention to 
 the necessary distinctions of the leaders, and of their 
 several bands, must have been absolutely requisite: 
 these, by concurring circumstances, became gradu- 
 ally classified and hereditary ; yet so late as the 
 middle of the 13th century, we find that the armorial 
 distinction of the son, frequently varied from the 
 bearing of his father. 
 
PREFACE. IX 
 
 The author of the following work, has endeavoured 
 to present his collection of Royal achievements, in 
 a form which may interest and satisfy, as well the 
 antiquary, as the herald. The arrival of William I. 
 is a period from which our chronicles and histories 
 generally commence, and on that account it was 
 thought preferable to commence this series from 
 that date, rather than from the better authenticated 
 lime of Richard the First. The arms introduced 
 as those of our earliest monarchs, are given on 
 authorities, which though weak, are believed to be 
 the best procurable. 
 
 From the reign of Richard Cceur de Lion, the 
 author has selected for his models, those works only, 
 that were executed in, or near, the several reigns to 
 which they refer: his copies therefore will, he trusts, 
 be found serviceable, as examples of the several 
 armorial changes of our successive monarchs, and 
 interesting, from their display of the different styles 
 of drawing, and of the progressive combination of 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 figures, which have attended the advancement of 
 armorial science in this kingdom. 
 
 When a choice has been afforded, coloured ex- 
 amples have been preferred. The blazon of those 
 copies which have been etched from untinted speci- 
 mens, will be found in the description of the plates. 
 
Witit anncti for fyt tome att /ad rss&tes^ 
 9ln sefeurlg t&ere trotoeti mong aman 
 C6at/ neber/£gtf)tf)e t&at/t&e luerrtie be/gan 
 Ste/forto sipefte/of/lmig&ttjooe of/bere/fconoe 
 8te/frr as/6oti Jmrb mafceo see/anti lonoe 
 3S2aag/of/sSo frtoe/go noble a compaignge 
 3rme& toere/tfm asi/ 1 fjabe gotoe toloe 
 flfturgc&e aftrr/fiiss/ opinion*. 
 
 Chaucer, Knig/Ue's Tale. 
 
THE ROYAL HOUSE OF NORMANDY. 
 
 WILLIAM I. 
 
 Jwntamcti tfjc Conqueror. 
 
 14 October, 1066. 
 
 vJp the armorial bearings of the Monarchs of this House, 
 if any were used by them, we are left totally without 
 contemporary evidences. Their seals present to us on one 
 side their equestrian figures armed, and bearing shields, 
 but the interior side being- alone visible, we are unable to 
 ascertain whether they were charged with any heraldic 
 emblem or not. 
 
2 HOUSE OF NORMANDY. 
 
 In the Bayeux tapestry*, said to have been executed 
 by the Queen of William the First, assisted by the ladies 
 of her court, the shields borne by the warriors are covered 
 chiefly by various patterns of mosaic or diaper, not bear- 
 ing- any resemblance to heraldic figures. On the seal of 
 King Stephen, one half of the exterior side of his shield 
 is visible, and appears to have been totally plain. 
 
 The arms here given (PI. i. fig. 1) for William I. and 
 his Queen Matilda, the daughter of Baldwin V. Earl of 
 Flanders, are taken from the cornice of Queen Elizabeth's 
 monument, in the north aisle of Henry the Seventh's 
 chapel, at Westminster ; yet it must observed, that the 
 union of arms by impalement, was not practised for a very 
 considerable time after the period to which these refer. 
 The arms of Williamf, are those which have been for ages 
 attributed to him and to the two succeeding monarchs. 
 
 * Fide Montfaueon, "Monum. de la Monarch. Francaise," torn. ii. p. ]. 
 
 t In a splendid illuminated genealogy of Queen Elizabeth, deduced from 
 Rollo Duke of Normandy, remaining in his Majesty's library at Buckingham- 
 house, King William is represented bearing on his left-arm a red shield, charged 
 with two golden lions, and holding in his right-hand a banner, barry of ten, 
 Argent and Azure ; he treads on the shield of Harold. A MS. in the " Harleian 
 Library," N° 1073, fol. 6, tells us, that the charge on the banner was borne as 
 arms by Fulbert de Faloys, his maternal grandfather, and that William himself 
 did bear the same, before the Conquest. MS. Harl. 4205, fol. 1, and Bossewell's 
 " Workes of Armorie," fol. 31 B, give them as barry of six: the standard, 
 represented in the right-hand of the equestrian figure on his great seal, is cer- 
 tainly divided into horizontal stripes. 
 
 Pope Alexander tbe Second sent a consecrated white banner to William, 
 previous to his expedition against Harold. — Will. Malmsb. 
 
HOUSE OF NORMANDY. 3 
 
 Those of his Queen do not rest on stronger evidence. 
 Oliv. Uredius, in his " Collections respecting the Seals of 
 the Earls of Flanders," pp. 11, 12, is of opinion, that 
 they did not bear any arms at so eai'ly a period ; and that 
 all the proof for those generally attributed to them, is de- 
 rived from evidences much posterior to the time required. 
 
 WILLIAM II. 
 
 ^uritanuU ftufusi. 
 
 9 September, 1087. 
 
 The arms ascribed to this monarch (PI. i. fig. 2) are 
 the same as to his father. 
 
 HENRY I. 
 
 <&untamrt) 3$caucln1te. 
 
 1 August, 1100. 
 
 The arms here given (PI. i. fig. 3) are the same as to 
 the preceding kings ; which, being impaled with those of 
 his Queen, Matilda, the daughter of Malcolm III. King 
 
4 HOUSE OP NORMANDY. 
 
 of Scotland, have been taken from the cornice of Queen 
 Elizabeth's monument. 
 
 For the arms of his second Queen, Alice, the daughter 
 of Godfrey I. Duke of Brabant, can only be presented 
 the coat, which is invariably assigned to her family, but 
 the authority for which is now only traditional. 
 
 STEPHEN, 
 
 ^untamcti of Blote, 
 
 2 December, 1135. 
 
 To this King also, have been attributed the two lions 
 or leopards borne by his predecessors ; but Nicholas Up- 
 ton, in his treatise " De Militari Officio," b. iv. p. 129, 
 thus describes the arms, which he tells us were borne by 
 him : " Scutum rubium, in quo habuit trium leonum 
 peditantium corpora, usque ad collum, cum corporibus 
 humanis superius, ad modum signi Sagitarii, de auro." 
 From the marginal plate to his work (printed in 1654), 
 the annexed representation (PI. i. fig. 5) has been copied. 
 Upton tells us, that this bearing was assumed by Stephen, 
 
HOUSE OP NORMANDY. 5 
 
 in allusion to the zodaical position of the sun, at the time 
 he ascended the throne*. 
 
 The attributive arms of his Queen, Matilda, the daugh- 
 ter and heir of Eustace Count of Bologne, are given in 
 PI. i. fig. 6. It is only certain, that her family did bear 
 them a short time subsequently f. 
 
 The head-piece to this division (p. 1) will be found to 
 be composed from the insignia on the great seals of the 
 before-mentioned kings. 
 
 * Guillim, p. 220, edit. 1660, says, that " Ostrich feathers in plume were 
 some time the device of King Stephen, with this motto, ' Vi nulla invertitur 
 ordo,' — ■ No force alters their fashion.' " 
 
 f Oliv. Ured. p. 29. 
 
] 
 
 .iam I (i 
 
 ©atUba *r JUntjer* 
 
 «7aU'lfca of ^tattani 
 
 tMice «f ^Br«fea«t 
 
 V 
 
 tXL X $fttMa 
 
 of "Bolocfn t • 
 
THE ROYAL HOUSE OF PLAINTAGENET. 
 
 HENRY II. 
 
 «#untamcti dfit; <£mprn$3e. 
 
 25 October, 1154. 
 
 We ai-e yet obliged to rest solely on tradition. It is said, 
 that previous to his marriage with Eleanor, eldest daugh- 
 ter and coheir of William V. Duke of Acquitaine and 
 Guyenne, King Henry the Second continued the same 
 arms that were borne by the three first monarchs, but that 
 afterwards he incorporated with them those of his wife, 
 being a single leopard, which united bearings have until 
 this time continued as the royal arms of England. This 
 
8 HOUSE OF PEANTAGENET. 
 
 method of uniting- two coats appears to have been common 
 at very early periods, before the present mode of quarter- 
 ing several arms distinctly in the same escutcheon. 
 
 The example given in PI. ii. fig. 1, are copied from the 
 cornice of Queen Elizabeth's monument. 
 
 «« 
 
 " M V& rttJtie Of tfiiS $ntrg," says Fabian* 
 
 2 in a ffiaufier at Wgnetieaore, fie rauseti to 
 fie pagnteti an eagle to iiij fiirota, tofiereof iij 
 of tfiem all rageti tfie fiotig of tfie olti egle, anti 
 tfie iiij toaS Seratefignge at tfie olti egleS egen, 
 anti tie qucsitgfss toas asfceti of figm, io^at 
 tfignge tfiat pgrtme ^otiHi Sggnifge, it toa£ 
 anjESinereti fig figm, * Cfife olti egle,' sagtie fie, 
 ' isi mg^elfe, anti tfiegge iiij eglgg fietolten mg 
 iiij £toimgfli, tfietofiiefiegeasse not to pursue mg 
 tietfi, anti Sueeiallg mg gomtgesst gone 3>ofin, 
 tofiicfi notoe $ lobe mosite, Sfiall most e$pe- 
 riallg atoagte anti imagine mg tietfi i V " 
 
 « P. 281. edit. 1811. 
 
 f Henry the Second is said, by Sir George M'Kenzie(l), to have used for his 
 device, " Une escarboucle d'or," being an ancient mark of the house of Anjou. 
 Sir Robert Cotton (2) tells us, that he is by some writers observed to bear a 
 sword and olive branch, with the word " Utrumcjue." " A genet passant be- 
 tween two slips of broom," is another device ascribed to this Monarch (3). 
 King Edward the Fourth granted this latter device to his natural son, Arthur 
 Viscount Lisle, for his crest. 
 
 (1) MS. Harl. No. 3740. (2) Hearne's "Antiq. Discourses," vol. i. p. lit, 
 
 (3) MS. Hail. No. 6085, by Sir W. Segar. 
 
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 9 
 
 RICHARD I. 
 
 <&urnamcU Coeur He Utoit. 
 
 6 July, 1189. 
 
 From the great seals of Richard, we are enabled to 
 gather some contemporary information of the royal bear- 
 ings. On the first, which he used previous to his depar- 
 ture for Syria, one half of the exterior of his shield is 
 visible, in which is represented a lion counter-rampant, 
 (vide PI. ii. fig. 2,) leaving it still doubtful, whether 
 this alone constituted the whole charge of the field, or 
 that the remaining half unseen was similarly charged; 
 making the device two lions combatant. The latter is 
 the opinion generally received. Sir Henry Spelman, in 
 his " Aspilogia," p. 46, is decidedly inclined to this sup- 
 position, and cites authorities to prove, that Richard, in 
 the early part of his reign, did bear more than one lion. 
 
 On his second seal, used by him after his return from 
 captivity, we find his shield distinctly adorned with three 
 lions passant gaurdant, in pale, (PI. ii. fig. 4,) as they 
 have still continued*. 
 
 * This Monarch is said, by Sir Robert Cotton, but without citing his author, 
 to have used for his device, " a raaled arm holding a shivered lance ;" the 
 
 C 
 
10 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 Of Richard's Queen, Berengaria, the daughter of 
 Sanchez the Wise, King of Navarre, so little information 
 remains to us, that, for her arms (PL ii. fig. 3), those 
 said to have been borne by her father may perhaps be ad- 
 mitted. Favine* tells us, that these had been used by 
 the Kings of Navarre from the time of Inigo Ximenes, 
 who, during his devotions, was visited by an angel, 
 giving him encouragement to war against the Spanish 
 
 Moors; with •• vmt tftentiart tie sope fcleue, rharge 
 
 fc'tm CrOfr ManC&e pomettee," The brother of Queen 
 Berengaria changed this device for the trelliss of chains, 
 to commemorate the nature of his victory over the Moors, 
 in the field of Tolosa. 
 
 JOHN, 
 
 6 April, 1199. 
 
 The arms here given as those of King John, (PL ii. 
 fig. 6,) are taken from the reverse of his great seal. 
 
 motto, " Labor vires convenit (I)." Guillim, p. 309, tells us, that he used " a 
 sun on two anchors," with this motto, " Christo duce." 
 * "Theater of Honour and Knighthood," b. vi. pp. 123, 129. 
 
 (1) Hearue's " Antiq. Discourses," ut ante. 
 
HOUSE OF PEANTAGENET. 11 
 
 Those for his Queen, Issabel, daughter and heir of 
 Aymer Count of Engolesme, have been copied (PI. ii. 
 fig 1 . 5), for want of better authority, from an impalement 
 represented on the cornice of Queen Elizabeth's monu- 
 ment ; the same arms, in Sandford's time, were percepti- 
 ble on the monument of her son, William de Valence, 
 Earl of Pembroke*, in Westminster Abbey, and on the 
 tomb of this Queen, at Font Evraud, in Anjou. 
 
 HENRY III. 
 
 ^tmiameti ot Wiincbt&ttv. 
 
 19 October, 1216. 
 
 In this Monarch's reign, armorial bearings appear to 
 have been generally settled as hereditary distinctions : 
 the Monarch himself continued, without deviation, the 
 arms borne by his father. The shield and accompaniments 
 given in PI. iii. fig. 1, are taken from the south aisle of 
 the Abbey church of Westminster, which had been rebuilt 
 by him. 
 
 * Vide " Geneal. Hist." fol. 83. A MS. in the Heralds' College library, 
 marked L. 14, fol. 15, gives a shield charged with bendy of ten, Argent, and 
 Sable, for the arms of Queen Issabel. 
 
12 HOUSE OF PL.ANTAGENET. 
 
 In the year 1235, the Emperor Frederick sent three 
 leopards to Henry, in token of his armorial bearings*. 
 
 We find a motto of this King-, " Qui non dat quod habet, 
 non accipel Me quod optat ;" or, as it is sometimes given, 
 
 " fi-te ne tiune, fee ne ttne, tie pret fee &estre;" to have 
 
 been painted on the walls of his chamber f. 
 
 For the arms of his Queen, Eleanor, daughter and co- 
 heir of Raymond Count of Provence, the escutcheon of 
 her father, carved in the same part of Westminster Abbey, 
 is here given, (PL iii. fig. 2.) 
 
 EDWARD I. 
 
 16 November, 1272. 
 
 The arms of this King (Pl.iv. fig. 1,) are drawn from 
 the front of his private seal, used for his possessions beyond 
 the river Tweed ; which remains appendant to a grant, 
 dated in the ninth year of his reign J. On the reverse of 
 this seal is the device of a Bear, standing against a tree. 
 
 The great seal of this Monarch, is the first on which we 
 
 * Stowe's "Survey," p. 49. f Walpole's Works, vol. iii. pp.13, 17. 
 I In Mus. Britt. marked 43 D 32. 
 
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 13 
 
 find the caparisons of the horse charged with armorial 
 bearings. 
 
 " feinff ©DtoarD the jFtrff after the Conqueft, ton to 
 $ent» the Cht'rtr, phe," as his device, « a Eofe plD, 
 the flalfee bert*." 
 
 The paternal arras of his first cpieen, Eleanor, daughter 
 of Ferdinand III. king of Castile and Leon, (Pl.iv.Jig.2,) 
 are copied from her tomb in Westminster abbey. They 
 are remarkable as the earliest example, in England, of 
 two coats quartered in the same shield. On this monu- 
 ment, and on the beautiful crosses erected to her memory, 
 the escutcheon of England, and that of Pontieu, Or, three 
 bendlets Azure, within a border Gules, are introduced in 
 a similar manner. 
 
 The second wife of King Edward was Margaret, the 
 daughter of Philip III. of France. On her seal we find 
 her arms and those of her husband (PL iv. Jig. 3) con- 
 joined by dimidiation, an ancient species of impalement ; 
 in which, sometimes, one coat only appears to have a por- 
 tion covered by the other, but more generally, as if both 
 shields, being divided by a perpendicular line, the dexter 
 half of the husband's arms, and the sinister half of those 
 of the wife, formed the impalement. This mode of union 
 
 * MS. Harleian, N° 304. 
 
14 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 was discontinued, most probably in consequence of the 
 disfigurement it necessarily occasioned to several of the 
 ordinaries ; yet a portion of it is still continued by us : 
 the bordure, when introduced to impaled arms, is always 
 omitted on the side towards the division line. 
 
 EDWARD II. 
 
 Jfttntamcii of Caentarbou. 
 
 7 July, 1307. 
 
 On the obverse of King Edward the Second's great seal, 
 we find the shield represented in PL v. jig. 1. On the 
 reverse of the same, an hexagonal castle, from which 
 rises a tower of the same form, is placed to each side of 
 his portrait, alluding to his maternal descent from the 
 royal house of Castile. 
 
 The arms of Queen Issabel, (PL v. Jig. 2,) daughter 
 of Philip IV. king of France, are copied from the reverse 
 of her seal. In the first quarter are the arms of her hus- 
 band, in the second those of her father, and in the third 
 and fourth those of Navarre and Champagne. 
 
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 15 
 
 EDWARD III. 
 
 &untamrii of WLivtogov. 
 
 25 January, 1327. 
 
 This Monarch, in the early part of his reign, did bear 
 the same armorial ensigns as his father. The third figure, 
 in PI. v. is copied from the reverse of his first great seal. 
 On his second seal, they are exactly similar, and are there 
 represented for the first time, on his surcoat also. On his 
 third great seal, used by him after his assumption, in the 
 fourteenth year of his reign, of the title of King of France, 
 the arms of that kingdom were quartered with those of 
 England*, on his shield, caparizons, and surcoat; where 
 
 * It would appear by the following extract from Howe's " Chronicle," p. 236, 
 edit. 1631, that this King did at first give the precedence to the arms of England: 
 — " Touching the tytle and armes aforesaid, the French King sayd to certaine 
 " English men sent unto him, 'Our cousin (quoth hee) doth wrongfully heare 
 " quartered the armes of England and France, which matter notwithstanding 
 " doth not much displease us, for that hee is descended from the weaker side of 
 " our kinne, and therefore as heing a bachelour, we would bee content to graunt 
 " him license to beare part of our armes of France : but whereas in his Seales 
 " and Letters Patents, he nameth himselfe as well King of England as of France, 
 " and doth set the first quarter of his armes with Leopards, before the quarter 
 " of Lilies ; it doth grieve us very much, making apparent to the beholders, 
 " that the little Island of England, is to be preferred before the great Kingdom 
 " of France.' To whom Sir John of Shorditch, Knight, made answere : ' That 
 
16 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 also we find, for the first time, on a royal seal, the helmet 
 surmounted by a crest, the lion statant gaurdant ; which 
 yet continues appropriate to the armorial achievements of 
 England : yet, on the seals of Edmund Crouchback, Earl 
 of Lancaster, and on those of some few others, crests will 
 be found to have been represented at least forty years an- 
 terior. 
 
 The arms in PI. v. fig. 4, are copied from the tomb of 
 King Edward, in Westminster Abbey, and are there beau- 
 tifully enamelled ; these, and the cross of St. George, are 
 placed in alternate compartments. 
 
 We are told* that this Monarch used his escutcheon 
 supported; on the dexter side by a Lion gaurdant Or, 
 crowned of the last; and, on the sinister, by a Falcon 
 Argent, membred Or. Another authority f gives a Lion 
 in his proper colour, armed Azure, langued Gules, and a 
 Falcon in his proper colour, among several other badges 
 to this King. 
 
 But we have no conclusive evidence to assure us that 
 supporters, strictly speaking, were in use at so early a 
 period. On each side of the shields which formed part of 
 the decoration of St. Stephen's chapel, Westminster, which 
 was highly embellished during the reign of this Monarch, 
 
 " it was the custome of men in those days, to set the tytle and armes of their 
 " progenitors before the armes and tytle of the right descending of their mother: 
 " and thus of dutie and reason (sayd hee) doth my Lord the King of England 
 " preferre his armes.' " 
 
 * MS. Hart. N° 1073. f MS. Harl. N° 304, 
 
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 17 
 
 were placed creatures of the most whimsical and absurd 
 combination, not bearing much affinity to heraldic figures*; 
 forms of the same extravagant conception, are common in 
 early illuminations. On the greater part of the seals of this 
 and of anterior times, the collateral figures appear to have 
 been determined solely by the caprice of the engraver. 
 The badges or beasts, as they are frequently termed, we 
 find from numerous authorities, to have been at first used 
 single, sometimes sustaining the shield on their backs, or 
 placed behind it, the strap of the escutcheon passed round 
 their necks, and the head of the animal frequently covered 
 with the helmet, bearing a crest. 
 
 Edward the Third is said to have used as devices : — 
 
 ' A stock of a tree, couped and eradicated Or, with two 
 ' sprigs issuant therefrom, vert. " signifying his flourish- 
 ' ing issue" f.' 
 
 ' The sun-beams issuing from clouds J.' 
 
 According to Ashmole§, this latter badge was one of 
 the ornaments applied by order of Henry the Eighth, to 
 the habit of the Prelate of the Garter, from its reference 
 
 * Vide Smith's "Autiq. of Westminster," pp. 153, 254; also, the 18th addit. 
 Plate to the "Account" published by the Soc. of Antiq. 1807. Yet if the dragon, 
 the lions, and the figure of Saint George, which are there placed to the shields 
 of Fitz-Alan and Ufford, had accompanied the escutcheons of King Edward and 
 Philippa, we might have supposed them to have been introduced as royal badges. 
 
 t MS. Harl. N° 1073. 
 
 % Camden's "Remains," p. 179, edit. 1629. 
 
 § "Hist, of the Ord. of the Garter," 8vo. pp. 191, 192. 
 
 D 
 
18 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 to the founder of that order, whose "peculiar" badge it 
 is said to have been*. The same author informs us, that 
 in the 21st year of this Monarch's reign, " forty of these 
 clouds wrought of gold, silver, and silk, having in the 
 middle the Saxon letter E of gold, were provided for 
 him on several of his garments." Stowe tells us, that in 
 the 48th year of his reign, Dame Alice Perrers, the King's 
 concubine, as " Lady of the Sunne," rode from the Tower 
 of London into West Smithfield, in great pomp. 
 
 We learn from Rymerf, that Edward used a private 
 seal bearing the figure of a Griffin. 
 
 In 1335, the Monarch conceded " his own crest of an 
 eagle," with considerable form, to William Montacute, 
 Earl of Salisbury J. 
 
 A MS. in the Harleian Collection §, gives as a badge or 
 device of this King, a sword erect on a chapeau, the blade 
 entiled with three open crowns || . 
 
 On the second seal of Edward, we find a fleur de lis, 
 placed on each side of his throne, as a badge of his mater- 
 nal descent. 
 
 * This same badge was taken by Charles VI. of France, on his marriage with 
 Issabel of Bavaria, in 1385.— Vide MS. Cotton. Nero, D. 2, fol. 483 B, and 
 Menestrier, " Devise du Roy justitiee," p. 72. 
 
 t Vol. v. p. 106. t Knighton. § N° 1471, fol. 2. 
 
 || This emblem was possibly assigned to this Monarch at some late period, 
 either in allusion to the three great victories of his reign, Cressy, Neville's Cross, 
 and Poictiers, or to the kingdoms of England, France, and of the Romans ; the 
 latter crown having been offered to him by the electors. 
 
HOUSE OF PLANT AGENET. 19 
 
 For the arms of his Queen, Philippa, (PI. v. fig. 5,) 
 daughter of William Count of Hainault and Holland, we 
 have the authority of a very curious collection of notes 
 and heraldic drawings, taken in several churches, by 
 Henry St. George, Clarencieux king at arms, and Nicho- 
 las Charles, Lancaster herald*. This escutcheon, at that 
 time, remained in the windows of Christ-church, near 
 Newgate ; these arms were also quartered in the same re- 
 markable manner on her sealf- In the second and third 
 quarters of this strangely composed bearing, we find the 
 arms of Hainault and Holland conjoined; which two 
 coats having fields of the same metal, were frequently 
 united without division lines, as they are to be seen on 
 the seals of the Counts of Hainault J, and on the tomb of 
 Philippa in Westminster Abbey. Upton §, Ferne||, and 
 Sandford^, mention that Anne, Queen of Richard the 
 Second, did bear her arms counter-quartered with those 
 of her husband, in the same remarkable manner. 
 
 * MS. Lansdown, N° 874, fol. 105 B. 
 
 f Sandford, pp. 124, 158. J Oliv. Uredius, pp. 56, 57. § P. 223. 
 
 || Lacie's «• Nobilitie," p. 104. % P. 158. 
 
20 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 RICHARD II. 
 
 &tintameiJ of SSour&ratijr. 
 
 21 June, 1377. 
 
 The first example here given (PI. vi. fig. 1) of the ar- 
 morial bearings of King Richard, were drawn from the 
 north front of Westminster Hall. The base of the shield 
 rests on his ordinary badge, the white hart * ; which is 
 collared and chained, and represented as lodged beneath 
 a tree. This device appears to have been derived from 
 the cognizance of his mother, which was a white hind ; 
 the same animal was used by Thomas Holland, Earl of 
 Kent, her son, by her first husband. 
 
 The escutcheon may here indeed be said to be supported, 
 by the angels, but these have much more the character of 
 pious emblems, than of heraldic figures. 
 
 The second example (PI. vi. fig. 3) was painted in a 
 
 * Rymer mentions, that this King, in the 9th year of his reign, pawned 
 certain jewels, " a la guyse de cerfs bluncs." In the wardrobe accounts of his 
 22d year, is an entry of a belt and sheath of a sword of red velvet, embroidered 
 with white harts, crowned, and with rosemary branches. 
 
 Among the few friends that attended this unfortunate Prince, after his cap- 
 ture by the Earl of Northumberland, was " SJenico o'Jlrtois", a JBas"coi0ne, that 
 S"tifl toare the eo0nt3ance or oetoite of his* master, ining Richarb, that i£ to s'aic, 
 a white hart, an0 woutb put it from him, neither for persuasion, nor threats; 
 
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 21 
 
 window of St. (Wave's church, Old Jewry*, wherein we 
 find the arms of the Monarch impaled with those of his 
 patron saint, and here his device of the hart is repeated 
 on each side of the base of the escutcheon. A MS. of 
 considerable antiquity f informs us, that " I&glUJ !RtC» tj 
 
 forfbRe p c ii antellops for bps^ befts, ana tofee tj tobpte 
 ftertps bering up » r armps uTfoer baups." No account 
 
 is however there given of the time when he might have 
 used these antelopes, or of their derivation. 
 
 With regard to the impalement of this last example, 
 the following - extract from Froissart J, although differing- 
 essentially in the description from the arms usually as- 
 signed to St. Edward the Confessor, and containing- the 
 most palpable anachronisms in the account of that holy 
 personage, is curious, from its giving- to us the opinion 
 entertained at that time of the cause of their assumption 
 by King Richard. 
 
 69 reason toScrcof, wficn tfie ©ufce of tyereforo unbcrs'toob it, 6e causes feim to 
 bt committee to prison, taitrjin the castle of -Chester, sfffns man mas' tbe fast, 
 (a?" faith mine autfcor,) tobicb marc tjat bcoice, ana sftetoco wen tfjetcfip, big 
 constant bcart toward bi£ master." — Hollingshed, anno 1399. . 
 
 The white hart still remains, painted of a colossal size, on the wall over the 
 door leading to the east cloister, from the south aisle of Westminster Abbey. 
 
 A MS. in the Harleian library, (N° 1073,) which is, however, not older than 
 the time of Charles the Second, says, that this King used also for a device, " a 
 man behind a tree shooting at a white hart as a bond," which is represented in 
 a MS. in the College of Arms, marked L 14, fol. 3"S B, but not drawn in a 
 manner to induce much reliance on it, as a copy from an ancient badge. 
 
 * Vide MS. Lansdown, N° 874, ut ante. f In Bib. Harl. N° 2259. 
 
 % Edit. Pynson, vol. ii. fol. 25S. 
 
22 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 _" <®t ol&e tgme tbere toas a %mw in <£no> 
 labe nameti <£btoartie, tobo te a Sagnt anti ea* 
 nonteeb, anti bououreb tbrougb all tbte realme. 
 in W tgme fie Subtmeti tbe Baited, anti bte* 
 rnnfttcti tbem be batagle on tbe gee tbre ttme& 
 anti tbte ,#amt etitoartie, ^guge of ofttglantie, 
 Sortie of Srelanb anti of gequftame, tbe ^mEM 
 mat lobeb anti Untitle bun muebe more, tban 
 ang otber 2&Eitge of Ofttglantie tbat bab been 
 before, gnti tberfore our goberagne lorbe 
 2&M 3^gic5arn rbte gere uagt, toban be toasi 
 in irelanbe, mall W armories aitb bebteeg, be 
 left tbe berfng of tbe amies of <£uglanb, ag tbe 
 Igbarbeg anti flour belgreg quarterly anti bare 
 tbe armesi of tbte <#atnt oftitoarbe, tbat id a 
 eroj&e patent golbe anti gouleg toitb four bJbtte 
 marteuetteg* in tbe felbe; toberof it mag sagb, 
 tbe Urtebmen mere toell aleageb, anb tbe goner 
 tbeg enelgueb to bgm i V 
 
 * The birds represented in the arms of St. Edward, which are sculptured on 
 the south wall of Westminster Abbey, have both legs and beaks, thereby differ- 
 ing from the heraldic martlet of the present day. 
 
 f On the monumental brass of St. Simon Felbrigge, standard-bearer to King 
 Richard, his figure is represented holding the royal banner, charged with the 
 arms of St. Edward, and those of the Monarch impaled.— Gough, " Sep. Mon." 
 vol. ii. 2d part, p. 133. In latter times, a device or crest has been composed 
 for St. Edward ; viz. out of a ducal coronet, Or, a hand erect, Proper, holding 
 
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 23 
 
 It is rather curious that a badge given for Ireland, as- 
 similates very closely to that of King Richard; being a 
 white hart, issuing from the portal of a golden castle, 
 triple towered*. 
 
 This King appears also to have used as devices : — 
 
 ' A white falcon.' 
 
 Hollingshedf tells us, that a tournament was held at 
 Windsor, a short time previous to Richard's departure for 
 Ireland, where forty Knights, and forty Esquires, were 
 apparelled in green, with ' a white falcon.' 
 
 1 The sun in splendour.' 
 
 This device is represented on the main-sail of the vessel 
 in which he returned from Ireland, in an illumination 
 to a MS. " History" of this King, by a gentleman of his 
 suite J. Richard is designated by this badge in a poem, 
 by Gower§. 
 
 • The pod of the planta-genistae, or broom', — 
 With which the robe in his monumental effigy is orna- 
 mented. 
 
 a gem-ring, of the first, jewelled Sapphire. — Harl. 21G5, fol. 1. The allusion 
 intended, was evidently to the legend of the presentation of a heavenly ring to 
 the saintly Monarch by a pilgrim. 
 
 * MSS. Harl. N°» 1471, fol. 1, C, and 2165, fol. 1. 
 
 f Anno, 1398. I MS. Harl. N° 1319, fol. 18. 
 
 § Bib. Cotton. Tiberius, A, 4, fol. 153. 
 
24 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 Richard, during 1 the life of his father, did bear the 
 royal arms, differenced by a label of three points, Argent, 
 the centre pendant charged with the cross of St. George. 
 
 The arms of Richard's first Queen, (PI. vi. fig. 4,) Anne, 
 the daughter of Charles, King of the Romans and of Bo- 
 hemia, who was afterwards Emperor, were painted in the 
 north window of the choir of St. Olave's church, Old Jewry, 
 and are here copied from the Lansdown MS. before cited. 
 The three divisions consist of the arms of St. Edward, of 
 the King her husband, and those of the Empire and of 
 Bohemia, quartered. 
 
 In Camden's " Remains"*, we read, that the device of 
 this Queen was " an ostrich, with a nayle in his beakef." 
 
 For an example of the arms borne by his second wife, 
 Issabel, the daughter of King Charles VI. of France, we 
 are indebted to the last-mentioned MS. in which her 
 shield (PI. vi. fig. 2) was copied from the windows of 
 St. Olave's church. The fleurs de lis will be here noticed 
 to have been reduced to three, which change had been 
 then recently made by her father. 
 
 * P. 181. 
 
 f " A white ostrich, issuing from a crown, and holding in its beak a horse- 
 shoe, is the proper crest of the kingdom of Hungary ;" (Andre Thiel, " Wappen- 
 buch," vol. ii.) but it does not appear that Queen Anne had any nearer relation 
 to that kingdom, than by the marriage of her brother Sigismund, about this time, 
 to the sole daughter and heir of Lewis the Great, King of Hungary and Poland. 
 
HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 25 
 
 The vignette to this division (p. 7) bears in the centre 
 the arms of Anjou, from which House this line was pater- 
 nally descended ; being Gules, a chief Argent, over all 
 an escarbuncle of eight rays Or. 
 
 On the right side is placed the star and crescent, from 
 the first seal of King Richard the First : the same emblems 
 will be found on the Irish money of King John, and on 
 the great seal of Henry the Third*. 
 
 The Planta-genista or broom is introduced on the left. 
 This is by some supposed to have become the device of this 
 family, from its having been the instrument of discipline 
 used in the penance imposed upon Foulke Martel, Earl of 
 Anjou, for his connivance in the murder of 'his nephew 
 Drogo, Earl of Brittany ; but the partiality of his de- 
 scendants to this badge would rather imply some more 
 creditable origin. King Richard the First bore it on both 
 his seals ; it is found on the robe of Richard the Second, 
 and it was certainly used by most of the succeeding mo- 
 narch* f. AnstisJ has taken some pains to prove, that 
 Richard the Second took it, as the badge appropriate to 
 the crown of France ; he quotes the " Hist, des Ord. Re- 
 
 * Similar devices arc represented on the great seal of the Emperor Otto IV. 
 — Vide Harcuberg, " Hist. Eccles. Gandershemensis," tab. v. 
 
 ■f This shrub was not forgotten in the pageants of Henry VIII. " Qn ttBdfe- 
 ban at ninbt came into tbc t'all, a mount, calleb the £ticb .JUount. (STfie mount 
 mas set fu(( of neb flowers of silk, and cspceialliJ full of "Broom slips' full of 
 tofts', tbc branches mere nrenc s'attin ant) tbc floiner.sflatoolb of tmmasfce, tobic& 
 signifies ptantanenct, on tbc top s'toob a oooblie beacon 0'hin0 a lisbt." — Hol- 
 
 lingshed, anno 1513. 
 
 X " Register of the Ord. of the Garter," v. ii. p. 115. 
 
 E 
 
26 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET. 
 
 ligieux," which asserts, that Charles VI. of France, in 
 1393, sent collars of Broom Codds, as presents to Richard 
 the Second, and to the Dukes of Lancaster, Gloucester, 
 and York. Charles the Fifth had used the same device, 
 with the words "James James*." 
 
 The later monarchs of this House appear to have given 
 White and Red as their livery-colours f. 
 
 * MS. Cotton. Nero D, 2, fol. 487 B.— Menestrier, " Device du Roy justi- 
 fied, " p. 72. We find by Hall and Hollingshed, that Henry the Eighth, at an 
 entertainment prepared for the French hostages, 1520, had the roofing of his 
 great chamber at Greenwich " toUrrcb toitfi ilue fattin, fet fun of preffW of 
 fine jjotti, anb flowerjf ; ant) unber wa<S written, ' 3!amme0,' (Jamais,) tfce nuan- 
 ino tojerof toa£, tfiat t6e flotoer of pout?) coulb not it oppreffeb." 
 
 t Knighton. — Strutt, " Dresses and Habits," vol. ii. p. 300. 
 
Tpeturf IE <t Eleanor 
 
 oPJ^uitat'ru . 
 
 lettnjiatia 
 
 of I^a-oanrt . 
 
 HE 
 
 fie}) axis 1 
 
 Jtic^ar^ I. 
 
 7TJ 
 
 
 1 Ufcabtl of 
 
 Jlejju . 
 
JEK 
 
 ^tttrti n 
 
 eutiet rf tTtt***** > 
 
 £ 
 
tl X . 
 
 of prance 
 
V 
 
 >marb II 
 
 tsaljelta of jFrauct . 
 
 €W&r} BE 
 
 
 \*3=. *4' 
 
 ^marl) II 
 
 lil'ttiM of IB) a'i n ault • 
 
VI 
 
 uljat^ 31 
 
 
 $i 
 
THE ROYAL HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 
 
 HENRY IV. 
 
 ^untamcti of JSoImg&rofte. 
 
 29 September, 1399. 
 
 The arms here given (Pl.vii. fig. 1) for those of King 
 Henry, are copied from his great seal, which so exactly 
 resembles that of his predecessor, the legend alone ex- 
 cepted, that it has been supposed by Sandford* to have 
 been the same. 
 
 This Monarch is by somef, said to have used his shield 
 
 * "Geneal. Hist." p. 258. 
 
 f MSS. Harl. N" 1073, 3/40. 
 
28 HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 
 
 supported; on the dexter, by an antelope* Argent, ducally 
 collared, lined, and armed Or ; and on the sinister, by a 
 swan Argent : but no remaining monument, that we have 
 observed, affords a conclusive proof of such an application 
 of these animals. They were certainly used by him as 
 badges, and are attributed to the Earldoms of Derby and 
 Hereford. 
 
 Henry, while Duke of Hereford, in expectation of 
 combat with the Duke of Norfolk, " tame t0 t^t \}RtVltV& 
 
 of tfte Ipstes, mounted on a tobtte corser, batbeo tottb 
 bletoe ano grene belbet, embtooeteO sumptuouslte tottj) 
 ftoannes anO antelopes of goldsmiths' toorfeet." 
 
 The badge of the Swan belonged to the family of Bo- 
 hun J; it is to be found on the seal of Humphrey de 
 Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, 29, E. 1 ; on the 
 seal and on the tomb§ of his great grand-daughter, 
 Eleanor Bohun, Duchess of Gloucester, sister to King 
 Henry's first wife. In her will she beqeaths " un pSaill* 
 
 ter men et rtcbement enlumtnes obe les claspes Dor ena= 
 
 * Henry IV. retained a pursuivant in his service, named Antelope. 
 
 t Hall's " Chronicle," p. 4, edit. 1809. 
 
 X MS. Lansdown, N° 882, (fol. 59,) informs us, that the Mandevilles, Earls 
 of Essex, did bear for arms, Gules, a Swan, Argent, ducally collared and 
 chained, Or. The Bohuns were descended from the Mandevilles, by a female 
 line ; which, if we could rely on this MS. would account for their use of the 
 badge. It appears by Sandford's representation of the brass-plate on Eleanor 
 de Bohun's monument, (Geneal. Hist. p. 230,) that among other shields of arms 
 borne by her ancestors, which are sculptured thereon, was one which did bear 
 the exact charge above mentioned. 
 
 § In St. Edmund's chapel, Westminster Abbey. 
 
HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 29 
 
 maileS (foe CigtWS blank;" to her daughter Joan, "un 
 
 lit pettt pur un clofet oe blance tertarp batus cfoe Igouns 
 etctsnesv 
 
 The Antelope appears to have been derived from the 
 same family ; for we find at the meeting of King Henry 
 the Eighth and the Emperor Maximilian, before Touraine, 
 11th August, 1513, that Edward Stafford, Duke of Buck- 
 ingham, heir general to Eleanor Bohun, appeared " tu 
 
 purple fattin, fot's apparell, ano fit's barO, full of gntelopa 
 
 * "Royal and Noble Wills," pp. 181, 182. 
 
 The Swan is mentioned as a Royal device, long previous to this reign. King 
 Edward the First, before his expedition into Scotland, held a solemn feast, and 
 at that time conferred the honour of knighthood on his eldest son ; at the close 
 of the banquet, two swans were introduced, gorgeously caparizoned, with their 
 beaks gilt, " a moft plcafmg fight to all bcholoers;" on which the King made a 
 vow before God and the swans, that he would avenge the death of John Comyn. 
 The peacock, or the pheasant, appear to have been more generally used on 
 these occasions. These noble birds, for so (according to Saint Palaye) they 
 were styled, perfectly represented, by the brightness and variety of their colours, 
 the majesty of their kings, and the superb vestments with which tliey were 
 adorned, when they held their pleniary or full courts. The old romancers ob- 
 serve, that the peacock and pheasant were, as well as venison, the particular 
 food of brave and gallant knights. Toison d'Or, Roy d'Armes, addressing 
 Philip, Duke of Burgundy, says, " etpour ce que c'eft (a couttumc, qui a cfle 
 ancicnncmcnt mftituc, qu'rs granttcs fcflctf et noble* aflemblces, on prefentc au 
 Prince rt fcigncurs", et aur noble* hommc*, le £>aon, on nueurue autre noble 
 opfcau, pour faire be uoeur. utile* et toatable*," &c. — Aiutis, "Obs. on Knigbth.of 
 the Batb," p. 23. 
 
 King Edward the Third appears to have used the Swan as a device : on a tunic 
 and shield prepared for him, previous to a tournament held at Canterbury, 1349, 
 was embroidered the following motto, — 
 
 " $an, S?an the ttinthc .tswan 
 "55jj ©obes fouls 3! am rl;p man." 
 
 Vide Warton, " Hist, of Poetry," vol. i. p.351. 
 
30 HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 
 
 anli gtoaraf of fine goto feullton, anO full of (pangles." 
 
 The antelopes still remain on the gates of Maxtoke Castle; 
 and a Swan, collared and chained, on a field party per 
 pale Gules, and Sable, are, at this time, the arms of the 
 town of Buckingham. 
 
 Examples will be given hereafter of the frequent use 
 both of the antelope and swan, by the succeeding kings 
 of this family. 
 
 Camden in his " Remains*," says, that Henry IV. used 
 for one of his devices, " a fox tail dependant, following 
 " Lysanders advice, if the lyons skin were too short to 
 " peece it out with a foxes case." The same author tells 
 usf, that Henry the Fifth bestowed upon Walter Hun- 
 gerford the castle and barony of Hornet, in Normandy, 
 to hold to him and to his heirs male, by homage and ser- 
 vice, to find the King and his heirs at the castle of Roan, 
 one lance, with a fox's tail hanging to it. 
 
 Hollingshed speaks of crescents being used as a badge 
 by this Monarch in 1400 J. 
 
 Henry, during the life of his father, being then Earl 
 
 * P. 181. f " Britannia," edit. Gibson, p. 140. 
 
 X King Henry the Fourth having notice of the conspiracy of the Earl of Kent, 
 retired from Windsor Castle, upon which the Earl went to Sunnings and de- 
 clared, that Henry of Lancaster was fled, and that King Richard was at Pom- 
 fret, with a hundred thousand men, " to caufe bis" speech tbe Setter to Be betiebeb, 
 be toofte avnaie the SWingS eo0ni3ance£ from tfiem tfiat Ware tbe fame as* tbe totlarjr 
 (of SS) from tbeir necfc& anb tbe 6aoge£ of ffreffentiS from tbe fleeted of tbe fer-- 
 bants' of tje boufebolo, ano tbrototng tbem attmie, £aib, tbat fur.6 connivances 
 toere no longer to be borne." — Hollingshed. Vide also Anstis, " Register of 
 the Garter," Pr»f. xx. 
 
HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 31 
 
 of Derby, bore for his arms the coat of his maternal 
 grandfather Henry, Earl of Lancaster ; being Gules, three 
 Lions passant guardant in pale, Or ; over all a label of 
 three points Azure, charged with nine fieurs de lis of the 
 second*. 
 
 At the nuptial feast of Henry and Joane was introduced, 
 at the end of the second course of fish, " JPaitfergS C0r01U>S 
 (Panthers crowned) for. 3 fbtfittf;" and at the end of the 
 
 third course, - Cglps cotcmps for a sottlttet." 
 
 The armes given in PI. vii. fig. 2, for those of Henry's 
 second wife, but only Queen, Joane, the daughter of 
 Charles II. King of Navarre and Count of Evreux, were 
 formerly existing in the windows of Christ-church, near 
 Newgate J; wherein we find her quarterly coat dimidiate 
 with that of her husband. 
 
 Her device, according to Sandford§, was an Ermine, 
 collared and chained; it is this animal ||, he says, that is 
 represented with the motto "a t$ffi|)E?anCe," on the cor- 
 nice and ceiling of her tomb, in Canterbury cathedral. 
 
 * Sandford, p. 259. J MS. Lansdown, N° 8"4, fol. 106. 
 
 f MS. Harl. N° 279. § "Gen. Hist." p. 263. 
 
 || Gough, '* Sepul. Monum." vol. ii. adds a query, whether from its colour 
 it should not rather be called a Sable ? 
 
 The first husband of Joane was John de Montfort, Duke of Bretagne, whose 
 arms were Ermine ; and Favine, in his " Collections on the Orders of Knight- 
 hood," mentions, that the Order of Hermine was instituted by Francis I. Duke 
 of Bretagne, her grandson, in the year 1-150 : it might possibly have been used 
 previously as the family device ; and, if the emblem on the Queen's tomb had 
 been illuminated with silver, it would have almost necessarily become black, 
 
32 HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 
 
 HENRY V. 
 
 &tmumu& nf J&onmotit!). 
 
 20 March, 1413. 
 
 The great seal of this King is the first used by our 
 monarchs, on which we find the fleurs de lis of France 
 
 from the effects of damp and time ; but on inspection, the present colour does 
 not appear to have been so produced. 
 
 Blight not the Gennet have been intended ? Favine (b. iii. p. 31 1) tells us, that 
 " (arfitxe are two ninbS of <Bennetj», tfie rare anb tje common : tfie common ig 
 grape fpccMcb anb fpotteb toitfi fcfacfte. <2Tfie otfier, tufiicfi i£ erxelfcnt ano rare, 
 fcatd a olacfie fftinne, anb ffjinina lifts to fattin, or iilacfie unftorne tocltoet; anb 
 it i£ marfeeb or frecfeleb toitfi flat reb fpottess, tofticfi tioe giue to tfie reft a toonbrt- 
 
 futl fieautie." " if or a£ tfie 42rmine anb tfie Settice nert thereto, are pri3eb anb 
 
 efteemcb for tfieir rare tofiiteneffe; etien fo the Rennet for fier finning olacftnef^e." 
 The Order of the Gennet is said by the same author, to have been founded so 
 early as the 8th century, by Charles Martell, Duke of France. Not much stress 
 can be laid on this, in its reference to a regular fraternity of so early a date ; but 
 the Gennet very probably was a device assumed by the early French monarchs : 
 we frequently find that collars of devices were given by Princes to their most es- 
 teemed followers ; and something of this kind, with the Broom plant and others 
 of similar nature, may have been erroneously classed by Favine, with regular 
 chevalric orders. 
 
 Queen J oane was the great grand-daughter of Philip the Bold, King of France ; 
 her grandfather Philip, Count of Evreux, acquired the kingdom of Navarre by 
 his marriage with Joane, daughter of Lewis X. King of France and Navarre. 
 If the doubtful animal was placed on the monument as the device of the Queen, 
 (which is not incoiitestibly certain, as it is represented on the King's side, and 
 the Gennet is mentioned [p. 8] as the device of an English king,) it might proba- 
 bly have been intended for the badge attributed to Charles Martell ; and Queen 
 Joane would thereby allude to her descent, both by male and female ancestors, 
 from the blood royal of France : there would have been a manifest impropriety 
 
HOUSE OP LANCASTER. 33 
 
 reduced to three ; the arms given in PI. vii. fig-. 3, have 
 been copied from that example. 
 
 The antelope and swan, chained to the beacon, (PL viii. 
 fig-. 1,) are taken from the frieze, within the chantry over 
 his tomb, in Westminster Abbey. 
 
 On the seal used by him before his accession to the 
 throne, a swan, holding' an ostrich-feather in his beak, is 
 placed on each side of the escutcheon. I. C. Brooke, 
 Somerset Herald, says, that " when King, he bore on 
 the dexter side a lion g-aurdant, on the sinister an ante- 
 lope*:" he does not, however, give us his authority for this 
 assertion. 
 
 Concerning his antelope, we read that, at the interview 
 of Henry and the French king, Charles, at Melans on the 
 
 river Seine, " toe lung of afttglano fjao a large 
 tent of bleto belbet ano grow nefjelg emcro- 
 tjereti toitfj ttoo Debtees, tije one toas an gnt- 
 lop oratoing in an fcorse mill, rfce otfjer toas 
 an Statlop Sitting in an ftfgft Stage, toitl) a 
 taunelK of <B\iti in Iris moutoe. gno tfje tente 
 bias replenish eo ano UeeneU toiti) tlris pogsie, 
 
 After busie laboure commith victorious reste, antl 
 
 on tije top of tpe Same toas a grete eagle of 
 
 in placing the badge of her first husband on the monument erected to her and 
 to her second husband, King Henry. 
 
 * Vide Gough, " Sep. Mon." vol. ii. part 2, p. 68. 
 
34 HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 
 
 goitre tobos* egeg toere of gucb orient ota* 
 monties ttjat t^eg glteteveti anb sibone ober tbe 
 tobole felbe, Cbe frencb Irtns liaetoise, bab 
 in IrtS para a (aire pabtlion of bleu beluet, 
 rirbelg embrobereti imtft flotoer tie luces:, on tbe 
 toppe of tbe game toas: Set a tobtte bart, Agins, 
 matre all of fine stfber tottb totnssi tnametTeti V* 
 
 For the conveyance of King Henry's body to Eng- 
 land, " jris couriers toere trappeb to" trappers 
 of partg colours!, one sib toag bletoe oelbet 
 embrobereb to antelopes; bratotus 113 intilU" 
 (in mills), *« toe tog r £tb toas srene belbet crn^ 
 brobcreb toitft antelopes: fitting on ^ttres: in 
 Ions flours; gpringmcje bettoeene toe bowesH ." 
 
 For his badge of the beacon, or as it is sometimes called 
 the cresset-light, inflamed, we are told in one place, that 
 it was taken by him " to show that he wonld be a light 
 and guide to his people to follow him in all virtue and 
 honour J;" but, according to Sir George Mackenzie, " as 
 signifying' his sudden and hott alarmes in France §." 
 
 •* Wbt cresset to burning ffw toa£ tbe base of 
 tbeatmuraltKll " 
 
 * Hall, 7H 5. t "Antiq. Repert." vol.i. p. 311. 
 
 % MS. Harl. N° 1073. § Ibid. N° 3740. || Ibid. N° 304. 
 
HOUSE OP LANCASTER. 35 
 
 The King's poesie " (UltC fatlS plll£>," we find to have 
 been flourished upon " leerf) UamaSke," at Queen Ka- 
 therine's coronation. 
 
 Queen Katherine was the daughter of King Charles VI. 
 of France: her arms, supporters, and crown, in PI. viii. 
 fig. 2, have been copied from her seal. 
 
 HENRY VI. 
 
 31 August, 1422. 
 
 The achievement of this Monarch, supported by two 
 antelopes, (PI. ix. fig. 1,) are copied from the hall-win- 
 dow at Ockwell's House, near Maidenhead, Berkshire : 
 the Royal motto of "Dieu et mon Droit,'' is painted on 
 the glass, in several diagonal stripes. The same sup- 
 porters are placed to his arms in the ceiling- of the south 
 aisle of St. George's chapel, Windsor, and on the upper 
 part of the inner gateway of Eton College. 
 
 Against the eastern end, within the great hall of the 
 archiepiscopal palace at Croydon, is an ancient armorial 
 achievement, carved in stone, and painted. In the cen- 
 tre of it, under the Royal arched crown, are the arms of 
 
86 HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 
 
 St. Edward the Confessor, impaling France (modern), 
 and England, quartered ; the escutcheon is supported by 
 two angels, vested in scarlet and ermine ; between them, 
 under a canopy, is a throne-seat, covered with purple 
 drapery, on which is placed a red cushion, whereon the 
 base point of the shield rests. At the lower part of the 
 compartment, is a demi-angel, bearing an expanded 
 
 scroll, inscribed "5Dite faluum fac legem*." 
 
 Ducarel, in his " Account of Croydonf," supposes, 
 with great probability, that these arms were put up, as 
 those of King Henry the Sixth, by Archbishop Stafford ; 
 and he accounts, very plausibly, for the introduction of 
 the Confessor's arms, by referring to a " Letter" from 
 King Henry, in 1444, directed to that prelate, and to the 
 convocation of the clergy of the province of Canterbury, 
 then assembled in St. Paul's cathedral, London, wherein 
 the King thus speaks of the sainted monarch : — " And for 
 " as much as amongst all other saints, we trust that the 
 " blessed and glorious confessor, S'. Edward, was special 
 " patron and protector of us and of our royaulme, wherof 
 " he sometime bare the coroune, whoos day of translation 
 " is kept as now double feest in holy church only, we 
 " for the more laude and praising of God, worship of the 
 " said glorious saint, and for thencrece of more devocion 
 
 * A somewhat similar motto is inscribed on the margin of Queen Margaret's 
 robe, in the curious representation of her marriage with King Henry, given in 
 Walpole's " Anecdotes of Painting in England," 4to. vol. i. 
 
 ■f Page 64. 
 
HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 37 
 
 " amongst Christen puple, pray and exhort you to decree 
 " and ordeyne by the auctorite of the said convocation, 
 " that the day of S l . Edward be kept and observed per- 
 " petuelly hereafter, as double feest and holy day through 
 " all your province ; wherin you shall do unto God right 
 " acceptable service, and to us right singulier plaiser. 
 " Yeven under our signet at our Castel of Wyndesore, the 
 " 15th day of October." This request of the King was 
 complied with by the convocation, and most likely gave 
 rise to the armorial arrangement under consideration, as 
 a compliment to the piety of King Henry. The adoption 
 of Angels for the supporters, was probably suggested by the 
 example of Richard the Second, who, we find, had also 
 supported the conjoined arms of St. Edward, and those of 
 his kingdoms, by the same figures : on the lower part of 
 Eton-college gateway, King Henry's arms are supported 
 by angels ; and, on the reverse of his great seal, the arms 
 of France and England are sustained by a single angel*. 
 In this latter example, he had, however, copied the 
 kings of France, his predecessors. 
 
 It has not been considered necessary to engrave the 
 specimen existing at Croydon, in this collection, as it 
 was most likely a solitary instance of King Henry's armo- 
 rial bearings being- so represented. The engraving which 
 accompanies Ducarel's account, must not be depended 
 upon, as bearing the slightest resemblance to the sculp- 
 
 * Saudforcl, " Gen. Hist." p. 240. 
 
38 HOUSE OP IiANCASTER. 
 
 ture under consideration ; for, as far as can be judged by 
 that representation, the artist who executed it, had cer- 
 tainly never seen the original. 
 
 Some devices of King Henry are enumerated in the ac- 
 count of his coronation -feast*. In the first course was 
 
 " Cuffajoe jopall tottf) a leopa# of golde fpttmjje r&ejtn, 
 
 aitO I)0l0fa3 a flOUre tie IgCe," In the second course, 
 
 " <£elp pa?tp, tojttten ano noteo, Urith ' Te Deum 
 laudamcjs ♦' a tohtte leerfje plantgo tot'tlj a ?eoe anttlop, 
 a cjotone aboute i)is necfee totti) a chape of ploe," 
 
 In an illuminated MS. presented by Sir William Segar 
 to King James the First f, King Henry the Sixth has 
 there attributed to him, as his badge, a Panther passant 
 gaurdant, Argent, spotted of all colours ; with vapour 
 issuant from his mouth and ears ; to which, Sir William 
 adds, " This beast, as Gelourus writeth, is admired of all 
 " other beasts for the beauty of his skyn, being spotted 
 " with variable colours ; and beloved and followed of 
 " them for the sweetness of his breath, that streameth 
 " forth of his nostrils and ears like smoke, w h our paynters 
 " mistaking, corruptly doe make fire J." 
 
 * Fabian, pp.599, 601: edit. 1811. 
 
 f Now in the Harleian library, marked 6085. 
 
 Nesbit, in his " Essay on the Ancient and Modern Use of Armories," p. 160, 
 speaks of a MS. which, from his description, must have been a copy from this, 
 by Sir W. Segar ; and adds a very judicious opinion on the confidence due to its 
 contents. 
 
 X We however read, that, at a triumphal banquet given by Gaston the Fifth, 
 Prince of Viana, in 1458, at the conclusion of the fourth service " wa£ fyouofit 
 
HOUSE OP LANCASTER. 39 
 
 A MS. in the Royal library*, ascribes to Henry the 
 device of two feathers in saltier, the sinister Argent, 
 surmounted by the dexter, Or. 
 
 Margaret, the queen of Henry VI. was the daughter 
 of Rene, duke d'Anjou, titular King of Jerusalem, Sicily, 
 Arragon, and Naples ; her achievement (PI. ix. fig. 2) is 
 taken from the same window in OckweH's-house. On 
 the glass, in several places, is painted the Queen's motto; 
 being, "J£)Umf)le tt lOtall»" Within the shield, we find 
 quartered the arms of Hungary, Naples, Jerusalem, 
 Anjou, Barre, and Lorraine f; these surrounded with a 
 border vert, are the arms assumed by the college founded 
 at Cambridge by Margaret, and also called from her, 
 the Queen s-college. 
 
 in (for an enter--courfe) the fljape of a frcaft, eaflcb a (€i(jcr, tojjiefi (65 cunnina 
 art) bifoorotiJ #i;c from fn's" mout& anb nortrite.— Favine, b.iii. p. 345. 
 
 * Marked 18 C. 17- 
 
 f Her father did bear the same quarterings on his seals (Oliv. Uredius) ; but, 
 that he sometimes bore them differently is evident, from the following ancient 
 verses, "par fon fiejault et Bo? b'JCjmci. be fon orbre, bict croiffant b'or:— 
 
 " ' Or t:ois puifTans' jonaumes, foubs" timbres' co;onnec£, 
 
 $ojte en chef en He ajmes' fe nobfc Bo? Bene : 
 Wongtic, et Sieile, i'?ierufaTcm aufs'i, 
 
 Jtinfi que uoit poubC5 en cet efejit icn, 
 2tnjou, et 'iSar, enpiebs; buchcj be granb jenom 
 
 <&t un :oiat cfeu fur ie tout, b'Strajjon. 
 Si eft t'erccilciit gjince, cheUafeujcur, roujtois', 
 
 $our ujaj ?ou, tits be jo?, frejc et onctc be jogs'; 
 %\ e?ie, ",naonjonc--?Cn!OU," ear tel eft fa pfaifir, 
 $our bcuife, ^(jauffette?, pojte b'ajbant befir, 
 <2t par bctootion amourcufe fati£ biafme, 
 
 JDe pate--noftjcs pojte, pour {'amour be fa bamc.' " 
 
 {MS. Bail. N°4X>3Sr-Favine, b.iii. p.54J.) 
 
40 HOUSE OP LANCASTER. 
 
 The supporters used by her father were two eagles*, 
 from whence that on the sinister side of her shield is de- 
 rived ; his supporters were always represented as crowned : 
 in this example, a tuft of peacock-feathers is placed on the 
 top of the eagle's head. It is necessary to mention, that 
 the antelope of King Henry is in the generality of ex- 
 amples, represented both collared and chained. In a MS. 
 of the Royal library f, we find a banner of the King's 
 and Queen's arms impaled, upheld by a single antelope, 
 who bears round his neck a golden coronet of neurons, to 
 which is attached a chain of the same metal : and, .in a 
 MS. of the Harleian library J, mention is made of a grant 
 by this queen, Margaret, dated 7th June, 24 H. 6, to which 
 her great seal was affixed, bearing her arms supported, 
 
 " cum 9tatiltqjo ejc una, et gqutla tx altra, counts 
 uttumq. ct?ra colla geiifttftfe, et cognac ab anttlupo 
 appentJtt catemula." 
 
 The daisy -flower was the device of this Queen ; an il- 
 luminated page of a coeval MS. § exhibits it in a profuse 
 manner. The same device, with a similar reference ||, 
 was used by Margaret, countess of Richmond, mother to 
 King Henry VII. : we find it among those badges which 
 are introduced on the brazen gates of his chapel at 
 
 * Oliv. Uredius, p. 107. J N° 1178, fol. 29. 
 
 f In Mus. Britt. 15 E. 6. § " Bib. Regis." 15 E. 6. 
 
 || " <ar(ie ©aife a flou^e wftitc ant) re&e, 
 " 3tll6 in /Frtncb. CaTTeb la belle Margarete." 
 
 Chaucer, 
 
HOUSE OP LANCASTER. 41 
 
 Westminster. A coin of Margaret, archduchess of Aus- 
 tria, 1522, bears for device, a hand issuing from clouds, 
 and extended over a daisy; the legend, " Manus Domini 
 
 PROTEGAT ME." 
 
 Tn this, and in the succeeding reign, heraldic orna- 
 ments appear to have attained their zenith of splendour 
 and importance. The intestine wars, produced by the 
 contending houses of Lancaster and York, induced a scru- 
 pulous attention, not merely to the insignia of the rival 
 chiefs, but to the distinctive cognizances, liveries, and 
 war-cries, of their respective followers. The white bear, 
 with the cry, " A Warwick ! a Warwick !" appears to 
 have decided the fortuue ef Banbury-field. 
 
 Explanation of the Vignette, p. 27. 
 
 In the centre are the arms of John of Ghent, father of 
 King Henry IV. as they hung at his tomb, in the cathe- 
 dral-church of St. Paul : the materials of which the shield 
 and covering were composed, are particularly described 
 by Edmund Bolton, in his " Elements of Armorie," p. 69. 
 
 On the dexter side is placed the ostrich-feather, dis- 
 tinguished from the King's and princes' badge by being 
 spotted with ermine. This was used as a badge by 
 John, duke of Lancaster, who sometimes bore three of 
 
 G 
 
H 
 42 HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 
 
 them on a sable field. The same device, variously tinc- 
 tured, appears to have been assumed very generally, by 
 the several branches of the Royal house, from the time 
 of King Edward III. 
 
 On the sinister side are introduced the letters SS, a cog- 
 nizance of King Henry IV. in whose reign it formed the 
 ornament of a collar*, frequently presented by him to his 
 adherents. A similar distinction is still worn by the su- 
 perior law-officers, and by the heralds of the present day. 
 On the tomb of this Monarch, the cornice and ceiling of 
 the canopy are decollated with eagles volant and crown- 
 edf, to which is added the word, " §$0\it$l))Ylt; , to this 
 word, the letters may probably refer. AnstisJ supposes, 
 that they took their rise from the initial letter of " §?0 S 
 fofcljjnt bOUS 0£ mOp" — (Myosotis arvensisj, which flower 
 he had discovered by a wardrobe account, dated 20 R. 2, 
 to have been united with SS, in a collar made for 
 Henry, then earl of Derby. He however tells us, that 
 King Richard himself had used the words as a motto on 
 a gown, in his 14th year ; and it is therefore probable, 
 that the flower might have been only united by Henry to 
 his own badge, in compliment to a device or motto af- 
 fected by the Monarch. 
 
 * On the ceiling of the canopy to his tomb, his arms and those of his Queen, 
 are surrounded by collars of SS, which terminate at bottom with an eagle vo- 
 lant ; and the same ornament is also represented round the neck of the Queen, 
 but the pendant has been defaced. 
 
 f Vide p. 31. 
 
 I " Register of the Order of the Garter," vol. ii. p. 117. 
 
HOUSE OF LANCASTER. 43 
 
 The Prince of Wales, afterwards King Henry V. ap- 
 peared at court, in 1412, « apoajelleo fa a cjotone Of 
 bletoe fattin full of fmall otlet fcoles, at ebejt'e bole tbe 
 neeble banging bp a filfeen tbreao tottb tobtcb ft toas 
 fetoeO. about bt£5 ajme be toaje an ijounbs collar Crt 
 full of ss fa golO, and tije tfreta Itueuiite fa it)t fame 
 
 metal*." Favinef, speaking from the " Chronicle of 
 the Ursins," says that, after the battle of Agincourt, 
 King Henry V. gave to his followers " COUge Oe pOZttt 
 
 un collier tone Oe letters s of (on o?Ore." 
 
 Of the rose introduced in the vignette, which should be 
 red, or as it is commonly called the Lancaster rose, we 
 find in the will of Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford, 
 
 the bequest of « nje libt bejt poubjes be jofes bermaOless" 
 
 to his sister the Countess of Devonshire. The first adop- 
 tion of this badge is, however, generally attributed to 
 John of Ghent : in the turbulent reign of Henry the Sixth, 
 it became the distinguishing emblem of the partizans of 
 this house. 
 
 The livery-colours of this family were white and 
 blue J. 
 
 * Hollingshed. f B. v. p. 66. 
 
 I MS. Harl. N° 6163, fol. 5, B.— " Royal and Noble Wills," p. 84. 
 
vn 
 
 T^tttrj IV 
 
 ^loattt *f I^a-oartt 
 
 pjut^r V. 
 
ynj 
 
 J}$wty V- 
 
 &&>£ 
 
 of J^t-aiue* 
 
|ift*£ VJ % m&$gmft »T^n|iu 
 
THE ROYAL HOUSE OF YORK. 
 
 EDWARD IV. 
 4 March, 1460. 
 
 The first example of the armorial bearings of this King-, 
 (PI. x. fig. 1,) was drawn from a stone compartment over 
 the entrance to Hertford-castle*. 
 
 The second (fig. 2) has been copied from an illuminated 
 
 * According to Sandford, the arms of Edward were represented in the east 
 window of Trinity-church, Chester, with the same supporters, the point of the 
 escutcheon resting- on a falcon within the fetterlock. The black bull, with 
 horns, hoofs, &c. of gold, had been an ancient badge of the house of Clare, 
 or Clarence, through which family, the line of York derived their right to the 
 
46 HOUSE OP YORK. 
 
 MS*, which formerly belonged to him. In this we find 
 the crests of France and England conjoined. The same 
 supporters are sculptured on the key-stone of the ceiling 
 opposite to his tomb, in the north aisle of St. George's- 
 chapel, Windsor. 
 
 The third example (PI. xii. fig. 1) is copied from be- 
 neath his portrait opposite to the tomb of Oliver King, 
 in the chapel of St. George. 
 
 In all of these we find the white lion, which had been 
 used as the supporters of the Mortimers, earls of March f. 
 The white hart, in this last example, was evidently de- 
 rived from the badge of King Richard the Second, who, 
 in the year 1387, declared Roger, earl of March, the 
 maternal great-grandfather of Edward the Fourth, to be 
 his lawful heir to the crown. 
 
 In a beautifully illuminated MS. of the Harleian li- 
 brary J, are depicted the arms of King Edward, sur- 
 rounded by the Burgundian order of the Golden Fleece ; 
 which order he had accepted from Charles, duke of Bur- 
 gundy, his brother-in-law, in the year 1468. 
 
 A black dragon §, armed with gold claws, was used as 
 
 throne. On Hertford-castle, we find this badge of the Earls of Clare and Hert- 
 ford, placed very appropriately on the dexter side of the shield. On the front 
 of the George-inn, at Glastonbury, the arms of this King are supported on the 
 dexter by a lion, and on the sinister by a bull. 
 
 * In Mus. Britt. "Bib. Regis." 16 F. 2. 
 
 f The badge of a white wolf is ascribed to King Edward, and said to be de- 
 rived also, from the lordship of Mortimer.— MS. Lansdozcn, N° 870, fol. 7. 
 
 X N° 6199. § Sandford, p. 381. 
 
HOUSE OF YORK. 47 
 
 a badge by this Monarch, who had derived it through 
 the Mortimers, from the Burghs, earls of Ulster. 
 
 The Royal devices of the falcon and fetterlock, the 
 white rose, and the sun, will be noticed in the explana- 
 tion of the vignette*. 
 
 The first figure on plate 11, presents to us the ar- 
 morial bearings of Queen Elizabeth, the daughter of 
 Sir Richard Widvile, knight, afterwards created Earl 
 Rivers; as they are represented on her seal. As the dexter 
 supporter, we find the lion of March ; on the sinister a 
 greyhound, collared and chained, which according to 
 Sandfordf, was derived from the supporters used by the 
 Nevilles, earls of Westmorland J ; the family from which 
 Edward's mother immediately descended. 
 
 * The foregoing Royal badges are, with some additions, thus enumerated by 
 Leland, " omt of a ' Chart of the ©encalogie of the ©ufitS of gorft' :— 
 
 " ' Ulnfionia <2aouear&i BtQi?. 
 ' flalco inSignc Ricfiarbi ©ucttf 42hor. 
 ' Sin mebio insigne Cettoi coronatt ct eatenati. 
 ' 3lo beptram Sol aurtujf. 
 ' 3t6 fcham luna excressens, in cnjus medio leo incedens. 
 
 ' flofa alba, eujujS a bsptra Ico entree tztctug jftar. 
 ' K teoa (CauruS nigcr ct crcrtus, aurati^ continue, sceptrum gerit, 
 tyaramqae in sceptri vertice.' " 
 
 "Collectanea," vol.ii. p. 619. 
 
 On Netteswell-church, Essex, the devices of King Edward are executed on a 
 tablet of ornamental brick-work ; in the upper part is a Rose, supported bv 
 two lions— and, beneath, are the Dragon of Ulster and the Bull of Clare. 
 
 f P. 385. 
 
 X Vide Surtee's " Durham," vol. i. plate 8, where, on two seals of the Earls 
 
48 HOUSE OP YORK. 
 
 The quarters on the sinister side of the shield, are : — 
 1st, Luxemburgh ; 2nd, Baux, duke of Andree ; 3rd, 
 Ciprus ; 4th, Ursins ; 5th, St. Paul ; 6th, her paternal 
 coat of Widvile. 
 
 The second example on the same plate, is taken from 
 an ancient MS. in the library of the College of Arms *, 
 and is there accompanied with the following memoran- 
 dum : — " The armes of K. E. 4 wth his wife stands in the 
 " north window in the abbey of Westminster wth these 
 " supporters, 1603." The shield is accompanied on the 
 dexter side with the white lion of March ; but the sinister 
 supporter is not so easily explained — its form, and the 
 manner in which it is spotted, would induce us to suppose, 
 that it had been intended for a white leopard, but, as 
 such, its reference as a Royal badge appears inexplicable. 
 In another volume f of the same collection, is the like 
 impalement, supported on the right side by the black bull 
 of Clare, ducally collared, and armed gold ; and on the 
 left by the white lion : this manuscript is not, however, 
 
 of Westmorland, their arms are supported by greyhounds, which are collared, 
 but not chained. 
 
 " Sorb HSestmotlanb fti£ ancpent raisbc, 
 <ar&e ©un "25un 6e rap£eb on fipe, 
 ?tnb tfirw ©O0S With oofben cottar?" 
 Wtn t&m £ett out motft ropaltpc" 
 
 The Rising- in the North Countrie. 
 * Marked L 14. fol.93, B. f Marked Vincent 152, fol. 132. 
 
HOUSE OF YORK. 49 
 
 strictly coeval with Edward's reign, and does not furnish us 
 with any notice of the authority from whence it was copied. 
 
 EDWARD V. 
 9 April, 1483. 
 
 The arms and supporters here given (Pl.xii. fig. 2) for 
 those of this short-lived Monarch, are drawn from beneath 
 his portrait opposite to the tomb of Oliver King, before 
 referred to. The animals which uphold the escutcheon 
 have already been noticed. The back ground of his por- 
 trait is there ornamented with falcons within fetterlocks. 
 
 RICHARD III. 
 22 June, 1483. 
 
 From an initial letter to a MS.*, which did formerly be- 
 long to King Richard, the armorial bearings in PL xiii. 
 Jig. 1, have been copied. 
 
 • In Mm Britt. " Bib. Regis." 18 A. 12. 
 H 
 
50 HOUSE OF YORK. 
 
 In Sandford's time, there remained over the library- 
 gate at Cambridge, carved in stone, a Rose, supported 
 on the dexter side by a Bull, already noticed as the badge 
 of the house of Clare ; and on the sinister side, by a Boar, 
 which boar, the same author informs us, he had found 
 among the badges of the house of York, being of silver, 
 with tusks and bristles of gold, subscribed " <£jC f)0nO?f 
 tit SxHtttflfOt*." This device was used by Richard pre- 
 vious to his possession of the crown, for a pursuivant 
 then retained in his service, bore the title of " 23l3nfe£ 
 
 tanglier." 
 
 In the account of the materials provided for his coro- 
 nation f, we find the entry of 13,000 boars, made and 
 wrought upon fustian ; at which time, two standards 
 made of sarcenet beten with white lions, appear to have 
 been used J. The satire by William Collingbourne, on 
 Richard and his ministers, in which he designates the 
 Monarch by his badge of the hog, is too well known to 
 need repetition. 
 
 * In Dallaway's " Inquiries into the Origin and Progress of Heraldry in 
 England," p. 133, is a portrait of King Richard III. round which are placed 
 six crests : the first, a cross patonce, Or, in a ducal coronet of the same, and 
 subscribed " &epnt "JEbwaiU." The second, the lion of England, on a cha- 
 peau. The third, the French Jleur de lis, hi a coronet. The fourth, a grey- 
 hound, Or, on the top of a high black bonnet, encircled with a ducal coro- 
 net, and subscribed " UDatgjS." The fifth, a branch of oak-leaves, vert. ; 
 acorned, Or; issuing from a coronet, and under-written " cBafcojnc ant) JBpoit." 
 The sixth, the Irish harp within a coronet. 
 
 f "Archeelogia," vol.i. pp. 360', 368. J " Antiq. Repert." vol. ii. p. 244. 
 
HOUSE OP YORK. 51 
 
 Richard did sometimes use the distich of " 3fijJJ)aultC 
 Hit ll£," as we find it with his autograph, in a Cot- 
 tonian MS.* 
 
 The arms borne by him, while duke of Gloucester, 
 were those of France and England, quartered ; and dif- 
 ferenced by a label of three points Ermine, charged with 
 three cantons Gulesf- 
 
 The armorial bearings of Queen Anne, second daughter 
 and coheir of Richard Neville, earl of Warwick and Salis- 
 bury, impaled with those of her husband, (PI. xiii. fig. 2,) 
 are copied from the very curious Genealogical Roll of tire 
 Earls of Warwick, by John Rous, which is carefully pre- 
 served in the archives of the College of Arms J ; it is there 
 placed above the portrait of King- Richard. In this ex- 
 ample, we find the arms which are attributed to the 
 ancient earls of Warwick, those of Beauchamp, of Mon- 
 tague, and of Monthermer, do take precedence of the 
 Queen's paternal coat of Neville, and it is rather remark- 
 able, that the label placed on this quarter, instead of be- 
 ing gobone of Argent and Azure, as generally used by 
 the earls of Warwick and Salisbury, which is supposed to 
 have alluded to the border used by the house of Beaufort, 
 
 • Marked "Vespasian, F. 13." 
 
 f IMS. Harl. X° CI 63, fol. 4, and on his stall-plate, which yet remains in 
 St. George's-thapel, Windsor. 
 
 X For access to this, and to other highly-curious documents, in the Heralds' 
 College, the author is proud to acknowledge the kindness of C. G. Young, 
 Esij. York Herald. 
 
52 HOUSE OP YORK. 
 
 from which they were maternally descended, is in this 
 shield, and uniformly through the roll, represented as of 
 gold. Following- the quarter of Neville, are the coats of 
 Clare and Despencer. 
 
 The badge of Queen Anne was a white Bear, collared, 
 chained, and muzzled, Or, as it is repi-esented at the feet 
 of her portrait in the Rous roll. This bear was the badge 
 of the earls of Warwick, who are supposed to have de- 
 rived it from Urso d'Abitot. 
 
 Explanation of the Vignette, p. 45. 
 
 In the centre is the white Rose en soleil, which with 
 the motto, and the compartment in which it is placed, 
 will be found illuminated in a contemporary MS. pre- 
 served in the British Museum*. 
 
 The white rose, we are told, was derived from the cas- 
 tle of Clifford f. It is generally supposed to have been 
 first used as a badge by Edmond of Laugley, fifth son of 
 King Edward III. and from whom this Royal house was 
 descended by a female line. In the curious painting at 
 Wilton-house, near Salisbury, of King Richard II. kneel- 
 ing before St. John, St. Edmond, and St. Edward the 
 
 * "Bib. Regis." marked 14 E. 1. t MS. Harl. N° 304. 
 
HOUSE OP YORK. 53 
 
 Confessor, he is attended by ang-els, who are represented 
 as wearing collars formed of white roses, intermixed with 
 broom -pods. 
 
 For the derivation of the other part of this device, the Sun, 
 it is recorded, that, on the morning' previous to the battle 
 of Mortimer's-cross, there appeared to be in the heavens 
 three suns, which, as the day advanced, became joined 
 in one ; and this omen, which preceded a signal victory 
 over the Lancastrian party, induced King Edward to as- 
 sume as a badge this figure, which would perpetuate the 
 memory of both circumstances*. 
 
 On his great seal, the rose and sun are represented se- 
 parate, but on his Dublin groat we find them conjoined, 
 as they are here given. These two figures formed the or- 
 naments of a collar which was given by King Edward IV. 
 to his adherents ; in the Rous roll, his brother George, 
 duke of Clarence, is represented with such an one in his 
 hand, to which hangs a lion of March. 
 
 On the right side of the vignette is placed, the falcon 
 within the open fetterlock, copied from the brazen gates 
 
 * In tht Harleian library is preserved a very curious contemporary parchrnent- 
 roll, (X° 7353,) on which are illuminated representations of several passages of the 
 life of Edward the Fourth. In one of the historical compartments, superscribed 
 " Sol in forma triplici : sic Edwardo r anglie," is a representation of the pheno- 
 menon above mentioned ; the King and his surrounding army appear to be at- 
 tentively observing it : from each sun is a stream of rays, direct towards the 
 King, and bearing three crowns : on a scroll held by a hand from the heavens 
 is inscribed, " Veui coronaberis de capite Ainana, de vertice Sanir et Her- 
 uion," (vide Canticles, chap. iv. ver. 8) ; aud on one above the King is writ- 
 ten, " Due quid vis me facerc." 
 
54 HOUSE OF YORK. 
 
 of Henry the Seventh's-chapel, there placed as the badge 
 of his Queen. In the will of Edward, duke of York*, 
 who was slain in the battle of A gin court 1415, we find, 
 
 among other bequests to his " trefamee eompagne T®ty- 
 It'ppe," that of his " tapt't? blanlt et mouses obe gattters 
 
 lOCfeetS et faUCOnSt-" Anstisf quotes an ancient MS. 
 then in his possession, which says ** t|)t5j frtfijet' lOffte 
 
 toag oebteeti to t&e ffrsst Bufee of i^orfce Wk* 
 fcgti§, inSicS toaS t&e fotirt&e gomte of <£fr 
 toarti tiie Cfurot, as nrijo gegetf) fce Voas» fane 
 from rfie inheritance, anfi one a trag tfiisi re- 
 ner£e& to lite sionne <£tJtoarii called t&e goooe 
 Bufce of l^orfee, anti fit asfceti tofjat toag latgne 
 for a feotier locfce, anti fit ansstoeretr tmnsielf 
 
 atttf 3ag0, ' Hie haec et hoc taceatis,' fo)a£ lattlte 
 
 * "Royal and Noble Wills," p. 219. 
 
 f A MS. in the British Museum, Bib. Hail. N° 992, says, that " a faucon 
 to" a mapoenS ficao ufficv 6e;c aiout Jet fhu{ber£ to a c;otone aiicut ficr necfie, i£ 
 the iaoeone of <ffoniosi(in?oto ;" Richard, earl of Cambridge, grandfather to 
 King Edward IV. was surnamed of Coningsburgh, in the county of York, the 
 place of his nativity. The falcon was therefore most probably first added by 
 him to the badge of the fetterlock, which had been previously used by his family. 
 The Falcon with the maiden's head, and the Rose, represented in PL xiii. has 
 been drawn from the frize within the Somerset-chapel, in the collegiate chapel 
 of St. George, Windsor ; and is there accompanied with the Lion, Greyhound, 
 Stag, and other Royal badges. 
 
 X " Regist. of the Garter," Pre/, p. vij. 
 
 § We find on the seal of John of Ghent, duke of Lancaster, a somewhat si- 
 milar device, viz. an Eagle standing on a padlock, and endeavouring to open 
 it with his beak. 
 
HOUSE OF YORK. 55 
 
 for a fetfflerlocBe, as hnjo gagetfc no manne 
 eottloe trtl of tfce grace of 6otitic, tofttcft pur* 
 begctr go tfiat tlje &mgg gooti grace (Edward iv.) 
 & ocseenocti of t&at noble &ou£e tojjcrefore an& 
 
 in remenunaue c of tijc Saga &e toifl t&at 
 
 fn'si statute tfje Quite of f^orfec s&all ueare roe 
 3ag& feooer lorfcc open ant) not locueH." 
 
 We learn by Froissart, that Falcon-Herald was an of- 
 ficer of the Crown so early as 1359. 
 
 On the left side of the vignette, is the crest of Morti- 
 mer, as we find it on their seals ; we are informed, by 
 other authorities, that the feathers were Azure, the crown 
 Gold. 
 
 The livery-colours of the house of York, were murrey 
 and blue*. 
 
 * " Wardrobe Account of Edward the Fourth," AR. 20, in tbe Bib. Harl. 
 N° 4780. 
 
 The Duchess of Burgundy assigned to Perkin Warbeck a guard of 30 persons, 
 in murrie and blue. — Hollingshed. 
 
 When Henry (afterwards Kmg Henry VIII.) was created Duke of York, the 
 Earls of Suffolk and of Essex, Robert Curzon and John Peche, came into the 
 field the second day of the tourney, bearing on their helmets " tfic eo(eu?rf of 
 t&c ©uc of gojc, t&at i£ to fa?, bleui anb tattmep."— (Contemporary MS. in 
 Mus. Brilt. but the N° forgotten.) 
 
$fi?f 
 
 Jtoar-V \W 
 
kt 
 
~XK. 
 
 &$WSl^ W 
 
H&iefyftn^ m . 
 
 Jinnt "~R?^ii 
 
 ? 
 
 '%'!|]JMpniwl? l R!Fin) , jr'P^^|iwv 
 
 A 
 
THE ROYAL HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 HENRY VII. 
 22 August, 1485. 
 
 The arms and supporters of King Henry (PI. xiv. fig. 1) 
 have been copied from those painted beneath his portrait 
 opposite to the tomb of Oliver King, in St. George's- 
 chapel at Windsor, and are also carved on several key- 
 stones of the ceiling in the same chapel. 
 
 " C&e ?eU fierpe Ujagd beetm upo tofrtte ana jjteene 
 
 t&lttntt," was the charge of a standard offered by him at 
 
58 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 St. Paul's, on his entry into London after his victory at 
 Bosworth -field ; and this standard was represented on the 
 corner of his tomb, held by an angel. It is said to have 
 been the armorial ensign of Cadwallader, the last of the 
 British kings; and from whom, Henry seemed fond of 
 declaring his descent : a tradition had existed, that Cad- 
 wallader had consoled himself, at a time when but little 
 of his territories were left to him, with the assurance, that 
 one of his posterity would, at a future period, wear the 
 diadem of England*. Henry, in his struggle for the 
 crown, would very naturally avail himself of superstitious 
 prejudices, that might be construed to point to him as the 
 person who was to fulfil the prophecy of his Cambrian an- 
 cestor; and with this view probably, he adopted for his 
 ensign the red dragon of Cadwallader. 
 
 The same imaginary animal had been however fre- 
 quently borne by the English monarchs, who had pre- 
 ceded this Henry. Matthew of Westminster says, that in 
 the battle between Edmund Ironside and Knute, " i&£* 
 
 gfaa locus fuft foter oracomtm et stanoartmm. ' ' Henry 
 
 the Third, in the 24th year of his reign, commanded 
 that a standard of a red dragon should be placed in the 
 abbey-church of Westminster, previous to his purposed 
 visit : it was to be made of red sarcenet, embroidered 
 with gold, his tongue to appear continually moving, and 
 
 * Churchill, " Divi Britannici," p. 257. 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 59 
 
 his eyes of sapphire*. In the battle of Lewes, the same 
 Monarch had a dragon carried before him for his ensignf- 
 King Edward I. at his entry into Wales, fought under the 
 dragon J; and King Edward III. according to Barnes §, 
 erected his standard of the burning dragon at the battle 
 of Cressy. 
 
 Concerning the Greyhound, Sandford tells us, that 
 having been used by the house of York, it was assumed 
 as a supporter by King Henry in right of his wife ; who 
 had derived it from her grandmother's family of Neville. 
 Henry did in some instances use two greyhounds for his 
 supporters; as we find them on the summit of the elaborate 
 chimney-piece in the Bishop's palace at Exeter ||, which 
 was erected by Peter Courtenay, at the commencement 
 of this Monarch's reign. Bishop Courtenay had also 
 held the see during the reigns of Edward the Fourth and 
 Richard the Third, but the badge of the portcullis which 
 decorates the same piece of work, sufficiently determines 
 to whicli monarch the achievement is to be attributed. 
 
 With respect to the derivation of Henry's greyhound, 
 some apology may be requisite for differing from so high 
 an authority as Sandford ; but from the reluctance with 
 which this Monarch noticed, at any time, the rival house 
 
 * Dart's " Westminster Abbey," vol. i. p. 26. + Sandford, p. 91. 
 
 X Stowe's " Chronicle." § "Hist, of Edward III." p. 357. 
 
 (I Vide " Vetusta Monumenta," and Cullum's " History of Hawsted." 
 
60 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 of York, it appears highly probable, that his sinister sup- 
 porter bore some other reference. In the window of the 
 Somerset-chapel, in Canterbury-cathedral, were formerly 
 the arms of France and England, quartered, within a bor- 
 der gobone ; on the dexter side was placed a greyhound 
 couchant, Argent, collared Or, and lined ; on the sinister 
 side a hind, Argent, ducally collared and chained, Or ; 
 these were superscribed " fKfytVlt Of |i>0merfirtt*." The 
 same arms and animals yet remain in the ceiling of the same 
 chapel, wherein stands the monument of John, earl of 
 Somerset, the maternal great-grandfather of King Henry; 
 at the feet of whose monumental figure, we again find 
 the greyhound. The arms in the window and ceiling 
 evidently refer to him, and his peculiar supporters were 
 most probably two greyhounds, the same as to the achieve- 
 ment of Henry the Seventh's on the Exeter chimney-piece. 
 The sinister supporter, the white hind, was unquestion- 
 ably the badge of the Countess of Somerset, who was the 
 daughter of Thomas, and sister and coheir of Edmond, 
 both earls of Kentf- It is presumed that the greyhound 
 of King Henry may be thus traced to the house of Beaufort 
 rather than to that of York J. 
 
 * " Church Notes," taken by Scarlett, in 1599, now in the British Museum, 
 Bib. Harl. N° 1366. 
 
 t Vide P. 20. 
 
 J MS. Hail. N° 1073, which however is not of earlier date than 1605, says 
 that the Greyhound was " from the earldom of Richmond ;" so far this may 
 strengthen the supposition above ; Henry would certainly derive it through his 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 61 
 
 Among 1 other badges used by this Monarch, was the 
 dun cow*. A standard of yellow tarterue bearing this 
 device, was presented by him at the same time with that 
 of the red dragon, to the cathedral-church of St. Paulf. 
 
 Amidst the pageantry displayed in London, on the 
 marriage of Prince Arthur to Catherine of Arragon, was 
 a castle erected at Cornhill, replete with the armorial 
 devices of this Monarch ; it was square, *' f lUJpnPUtCtJ 
 
 tfnee foott from flje grotmtie of colour lifce 
 freestone, fjabing injjis fore jfronte iij great 
 pgUotirs ij grene mMl on ebg aiU, ant) in 
 mgtitus oon pgtlour of ret) mi) ill empagnteo, 
 ano an r^e bogoe Spare nettoecne t&e pgllotirs 
 of morn tine fcriKR toallis ijabing ttoo portent- 
 tgs in t&e sritJ of gellotoc, aiiti on cbg sit) of tfj_e 
 portcullgs a eroSsie bogeD in gumjolgfli in ebg 
 pane of t&e rroS. Sfoobe tfjiS nriafc matte tfjere 
 toaS a mantell compaSSgng rfce Sole pagent, 
 
 mother the countess of Richmond, who was the sole heir of John Beaufort, 
 duke of Somerset. 
 
 * It is not improbable, that this dun cow was taken up by King Henry in al- 
 lusion to his descent by the Beauforts, through the Beauchamps of Holt, from 
 Guy the legendary earl of Warwick, who had slain — 
 
 " a monftrou? ttjpTb anb qucft bean, 
 
 " ■ffatteb the bun cotti of ©unfmore fctatfi." 
 
 t Hall's " Chronicle," 1. H. 7. 
 
62 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 bgroitii of a foote anti a tialfe fcrotie, to ij rol- 
 Igg, oon Imterl) of to&ggfct aito grate, another 
 of Waft anti gelloto, anti tit tf)te_space fcettoeene 
 tDe i) rottllga niang tiiber* baggS : ffrsit a re& 
 rose, anti a io^itc in \)te mgtitife, rroluttrti to 
 golo, portntllte rrotoneti to golti, a to&ig&t 
 grefjomtti anti a reU tiragon Hretifall : anti tints 
 ttieg toere sset ortierlg, trtie after ot&er, tit all 
 tfje tiool rompasisSe anti r irruite. SJpon tfie top 
 of ooit grate pglour of ntbill upon tfje rig&t 
 tiaitti a not tiragon bretifttll tioltigitge a sfjeltie 
 to tfjeltfngg armgg, quartered totti) bletoeanti 
 reot, anti tit t&e bleto uj flours tit litre of goltie, 
 anti on t&e rct>e quarters ttj IgoitS ofgolti ; anti 
 on t&e top of tlie pglour of grate nibill on tjje 
 left iantJ a reti Igon rampant Soloing also a 
 S&eltie of lifce armgs to t&e ot&er re&erseo, 
 abobe tins, anti toittrin tfje pagent, t&ere toas 
 a Sete lifce unto a bettr&e, emjatmreo tit t&e 
 ntgtitiel someto&at big&er t&an tfie sititis, t&e 
 tofrir!) benrfie toaS of grate rtffeftgr berg tbij>fcfce, 
 to fringe of reot, anti on ebg cros of r&eMgr 
 a retie rose, anti a toig&t m fit^ mgotiel. 
 8bottg&t tftc Sete, as tippon tfje toaugs toere 
 
HOUSE OP TUDOR. 63 
 
 r&rfefcgrs of toljitc anti grnie, bt#ttt full of 
 not roggs, tol)tc#t anti greue, crotoneti, to 
 golot floured tic lure; rctJ otagons, tofng&t 
 grrijountis, portcullis crotongtJ also to golot; 
 anti upon fjig ctigtS anti StotiiS ij Entail posts 
 to djcuugrs of nttt ocsctt fun of to&ig&t os= 
 trtcfjc frt&rr* anti flour tie for cs of goloc V* 
 
 The paternal coat of this Monarch was the arms of 
 France and England quartered, within a border Azure, 
 charged with flenrs de lis and martlets Or. 
 
 The arms of his Queen, (PI. xiv. fig-. 2,) Elizabeth, 
 daughter and at length heir of King Edward IV. are co- 
 pied from an illumination in a contemporary MS.f The 
 sinister side of the escutcheon contains in the first quarter, 
 the arms of her father ; in the second and third, those of 
 Burgh ; and in the fourth, the coat of Mortimer : the 
 same impalement is to be found in the central east win- 
 dow of King Henry the Seventh's-chapel. SandfordJ 
 tells us, that at her funeral, the cloth of majesty was in- 
 scribed with her motto, " fumble an& lfteuerenre§." 
 
 * " Antiq. Repertory," vol. ii. p. 267- 
 
 f In Mus. Britt. Bib. Regis. 16 F. 2. J Page 440. 
 
 § In the 4th volume of the "Antiquarian Repertory," p. 241, is a represen- 
 tation of the funeral procession of this Queen, which is there stated to have been 
 copied from a drawing, in the possession of Richard Bull, Esq. The body is 
 preceded by four banners ; the first bearing the figure of St. George, mounted, 
 
64 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 HENRY VIII. 
 21 April, 1509. 
 
 The first specimen of this King's armorial bearings, 
 (PI. xv. fig. 1,) has been copied from an illuminated 
 book which formerly belonged to him*. In this we find 
 the supporters are the same as those used by his father, 
 which he continued for some time ; but afterwards, as we 
 observe in the second specimen, (vide Frontispiece,) he 
 omitted the greyhound, placed the red dragon on the 
 
 slaying the dragon. On the second, the Sun in splendour, surmounted by a 
 sword in pale. On the third, a pyramid encircled with laurel. And on the 
 fourth, a bird rising towards the sun. — The bier is immediately followed by a 
 fifth banner, charged with the head of a warrior armed with a helmet, the vizor 
 of which is raised. The charge on this last banner may have been introduced 
 as a badge of the Tudors, derived probably from their arms, which were Gules, 
 a chevron between three helmets Argent. 
 
 When this Queen came into the hall from her coronation, the Earl of Derby, 
 constable of England, entered magnificently habited, " niouurcb on a router 
 jicfielp trappeb, anb enajmeb, that i? to fap, "Suarterlp ffiolbe, in the firp't quar- 
 tet a 2ion ®mleg, hatoino a jaanue£ #ebe in a 'SBpcocftctt of .Sillier, anb in the 
 ijbe a Upon of Sable. <€hi£ trapper t»a£ rinfct turiouelp wjouflht with the Vie: 
 bell, for tfte .n&annejj ©ifane in the 'SBgcocfiett iSfiewbe taerplp, Well fatoojebe." 
 — Leland, Collectanea, vol. iv. p. 225. 
 
 We are not informed by this curious document, whether this device pertained 
 to the Queen or to the Lord Constable, but part of it bears a strong resem- 
 blance to that on the fifth banner of her funeral solemnity. 
 
 * In Mus. Britt. Bib. Regis. 8 G. 7- 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 65 
 
 sinister side, and took the lion, which had been used as 
 the Royal crest, for his dexter supporter*. This example 
 is copied from a compartment of stone at Caerhays, in the 
 county of Cornwall, the seat of the very ancient family of 
 Trevanion : it affords a curious specimen of the manner in 
 which heraldic subjects were then composed. The same 
 supporters are placed to his achievement which is sculp- 
 tured on the key-stone of the ceiling over the organ- 
 screen in St. George's chapel, Windsor, with the date 
 of 1528. 
 
 According to Camden f» this Monarch, at the inter- 
 view between him and Francis the First, at which the 
 Emperor Charles V. was also present, took for his devioe, 
 an English archer in a green coat, drawing his arrow to the 
 head ; with this inscription, " Cui adhereo priest," 
 referring to the importance of his alliance to either of the 
 contending monarchs. Hollingshed mentions another 
 device used by him during the same festivities. On the 
 11th of June, 1527, «« tftf ftftt£ Of <£ttglatttl *DaS 
 
 upon a fres?) courier, t&e trappers of clot!) of 
 p;oltJ of tissue, r&e arson matttelkto i$t, anH 
 
 ♦ Rantlle Holmes, of Chester (in MS. Harl. N«" 2035, 2076,) tells us, that 
 King Henry VIII. is said, by some, to have borne, for his sinister supporter, a 
 bull, Argent ; crowned, horned, and hoofed, Or. By others, a cock, Argent ; 
 combed, wattled, and legged, Or : in his beak a slip of flowers Or, leaves vert. 
 
 f "Remains," p. 116. 
 K 
 
66 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 t&e firtmt a* tlie trapper fcarti ftaftfon, ntt m 
 UiauaEi nf toater-toorfce, aitti cberte toabe rato 
 tonws&t anti fn'ieti brit& tiamasfce goltf. Cfjte 
 toorfce toa3 laiU on rusteet belbet, anU fcntt 
 toflct^er toiO points nf soft, iaStrS toabeg 
 gtsniffeti t&e lorH^ip of tfce narwto seag " 
 
 Other devices are attributed to him. A flame of fire*. 
 An armed leg couped at the thigh, the foot passing through 
 three crowns of goldf. 
 
 In a contemporary representation! °f a magnificent 
 Royal tent, the summit is ornamented by the King's 
 beasts : the dragon, antelope, lion, and greyhound, hold- 
 ing banners ; the valance is inscribed, " JDfU ft tttOn 
 
 Droet."— " temper bibat tn eterno." 
 
 * MSS. Harl. N™ 1440, 2035. 
 
 f MS. Harl. N° 1470, fol. 2.— The allusion of this emblem may be possibly 
 to his having trodden under foot the triple crown of the Roman pontiff. In an 
 inventory of goods, pictures, and furniture, in the palace of Westminster, un- 
 der the care of Sir Anthony Denny, keeper of the wardrobe, temp. H. 8, is 
 mentioned, " One table of the King's highness standing upon a mitre with 
 three crowns, having a serpent with seven heads going out of it, and having a 
 sword in his hand, whereon is written, ' Verbum Dei.' " — YValpole, Anecdotes 
 of Painting, 8vo. vol. i. p. 98. 
 
 \ Bib. Cotton. Augustus, 3. 
 
HOUSE OP TUDOR. 67 
 
 WIVES OF HENRY VIII. 
 
 I. CATHERINE, DAUGHTER OF FERDINAND THE SECOND, 
 
 KING OF SPAIN. 
 
 Her achievement (PL -av.Jig. 2) is taken from a contem- 
 porary MS. in the College of Arms* ; the dexter supporter 
 being the Royal lion of England, and the sinister the 
 Apostolic eagle. The femme side of the shield is charged 
 in the first and fourth grand quarters with the arms of 
 Castile and Leon, quartered ; and in the second and third, 
 with those of Arragon and Sicily, impaled : in the base 
 point the badge of Grenada. 
 
 The wreathed colours of the house of Tudor, with the 
 roses and pomegranates, which surround the escutcheon, 
 is a singular and somewhat elegant decoration. 
 
 On the same plate (a) is a badge of this Queen, formed 
 by an union of the pomegranate with the Tudor rose : this 
 has been copied from a volume of music, which belongee 
 to Henry the Eighth f. She also used for a device, a 
 
 • Marked Vincent, 152, fol. 132. In another volume of the same collection 
 is a similar achievement of this Queen, to which is added the motto, " Tanta 
 monta."— I. 2. fol. 14. 
 
 t In Mus. Britt. Bib. Regis, 8, G. vij. 
 
68 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 sheaf of arrows*. The pomegranate had been taken by 
 her father Ferdinand, to commemorate the conquest of 
 Grenada from the Moors ; and the victory having - been 
 gained chiefly by the superiority of his archers, explains 
 the allusion intended by the second badge f. Both these 
 are represented on the sepulchral chapel of Prince Arthur, 
 her first husband, in Worcester cathedral. 
 
 II. ANNE, DAUGHTER OF SIR THOMAS BULLEN, 
 
 EARL OF WILTSHIRE. 
 
 The arms, supporters, and crown, in PL xvi. fig.1, 
 are copied from a MS. in the Heralds'-College library J. 
 The sinister half of the escutcheon contains in the first 
 quarter, the arms of the earls of Lancaster ; in the second, 
 those of Engolesme ; and in the third, those of Guyenne§. 
 These were augmentations granted to this lady, by 
 King Henry VIII. when he conferred upon her the title 
 
 * Hall's "Chronicle," 1. H. 8. 
 
 f Peachem's "Complete Gentleman," p. 184. % Marked I. 2. fol. 13. 
 
 § The following curious extract is from the Notes to the Minstrelsy of the 
 Scottish Border, vol. ii. p. 120, " Sir David Lindsay informs us, that a leopard 
 is the proper armorial bearing of those who spring from such" [semi-fairian] 
 " intercourse, because that beast is generated by adultery of the pard and lioness. 
 He adds, that Merlin (the prophet) was the first who adopted this cognizance, 
 because he was ' born of fairie in adultrt:, and right sua the first Duk of Guy- 
 ' enne was born of a fee ; and, therfoir, the arms of Guyenne are a leopard." 
 MS. on Heraldry, Advocates' Library, w. 4. 13. 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 69 
 
 of Marchioness of Pembroke. In the fourth quarter are 
 the coats of Butler and Rochford quartered; in the fifth, 
 that of Thomas de Brotherton, earl of Norfolk ; and in 
 the sixth, the arms of the earls of Warren and Surry; her 
 paternal coat of Bullen, viz. argent, a chevron gules, 
 inter three bulls' heads, couped, sable ; being wholly 
 omitted. 
 
 The dexter supporter appears to have been intended for 
 the leopard of Guyenne ; the arms of which province we 
 have already noticed, as one of her armorial augmenta- 
 tions. The animal on the sinister side (of pure heraldic 
 creation) is the male griffin, which had descended as a 
 badge to the Bullens, from the house of Ormond. The 
 same animal is represented at the feet of her father's 
 figure, on his tomb in Hever church, Kent*. 
 
 The particular device of Queen Anne Bullen was a fal- 
 con ; Jig. b. plate xv. is drawn from an illuminated initial 
 letter, to her patent of the marquisate of Pembroke f. 
 Camden J (in his account of this badge) adds to it the 
 motto of" Mihi et mese." Among the solemnities exhi- 
 bited at her coronation, was a pageant at Leadenhall, 
 
 * Another specimen of the armorial bearings of this Queen, is carved on the 
 screen within King's-College chapel, Cambridge. The quarterings and sinister 
 supporter are the same as in the above example ; but on the right side, the es- 
 cutcheon is sustained by a greyhound, his neck encircled by a collar : the same 
 achievement is slightly tricked, in a MS. of the Heralds' College, D. 4, York- 
 shire, fol. A. with the names of the quarterings. 
 
 f In Mus. Britt. Bib. Harl. N° 303, the ground of this letter is (in the ori- 
 ginal) painted paly of niurrey and blue. J "Remains," p. 21 7. 
 
70 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 '* to&eron mas Sett a gootilg roote of goBre, get 
 on a little mountain enuironeti toitt) reti xo&t& 
 anti "rnUtt" then " came tJoton a faulcon all 
 tofcite, anti set upon t|je roote, anti ineontt* 
 nentlie came Hoton an angel hrit!) great melooie, 
 anti get a rloSe crotone of golot on tfje fcml* 
 eon's fjeati*." 
 
 III. JANE, DAUGHTER OF SIR JOHN SEYMOUR, KNT. 
 
 The armorial bearings of Queen Jane, (PL xvi. Jig. 2,) 
 are drawn from a MS. preserved in the College of Armsf. 
 The Royal lion constitutes the dexter supporter of the 
 shield, and on the sinister we find the same animal, though 
 of a different metal, which has continued its place in the 
 achievement of the dukes of Somerset J. 
 
 * " Antiq. Repert." vol. iii. p. 204. — A white falcon rising from a plume of fea- 
 thers, was the crest of Ormond, and is placed under the head of the Earl of Wilt- 
 shire, Queen Anne's father, on his tomb. The proper badge of the Bullen family, 
 was a bull's head sable, couped and armed gules.— MS. Harl. N° 46.32, fol. 218. 
 
 t Marked Vincent, 152, fol. 59. 
 
 % In the MS. from which our example is extracted, the colour of the unicorn 
 appears to have been an error. In MS. Lansdown, N° 874, fol. 97, is a sketch 
 of an achievement of this Queen, formerly in the windows of St. Dunstan's 
 church in the West ; in which the sinister supporter is marked, Argent ; as it 
 has always been used by the earls of Hertford and dukes of Somerset. — In ano- 
 ther volume in the Heralds'-College library, marked I. 2, fol. 15, the unicorn is 
 made Argent, royally crowned ; and gorged with a wreath of red and white roses ; 
 to this example the motto of " 9Bouno to ofice ano gevtiz" is annexed. 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 71 
 
 The first quarter in the sinister side of the shield, was a 
 Royal augmentation ; the 2nd, the original coat of Sey- 
 mour; the 3rd, Beauchamp, of Hacche; the 4th, Esturmi; 
 the 5th, Mackwilliam ; and the 6th, Cocker. 
 
 The badge of Jane Seymour (PI. xvii. fig.c) is copied 
 from the upper part of a grant of certain lands and manors 
 to this Queen, from her husband, dated 1 June, 28, H. 8, 
 which document remains in the possession of his Grace 
 the Duke of Somerset. 
 
 In allusion to the particular nature of this Queen's death, 
 to the device of the phenix in flames, the motto, " Nasca- 
 tur ut alter," was added by her son, King Edward VI. 
 and the device was granted by him, with her armorial 
 augmentation, to his maternal relatives, who continue the 
 use of it, in exclusion of their ancient crest. 
 
 IV. ANNE, DAUGHTER OF JOHN THE THIRD, 
 
 DUKE OF CLEVE. 
 
 The arms of this Queen, as represented in PI. x\ii. Jig. 1, 
 are to be found on her tomb, which stands on the south 
 side of the high altar, in Westminster abbey. Sandford* 
 says, that in his time there remained in the window of a 
 house at Poplar, belonging to Mr. Henry Dethick, Rouge 
 
 » Page 459. 
 
72 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 Croix, the arms of Queen Anne, composed of the following 
 quartering^ : — 
 
 1. Gules, an inescutcheon, Argent, over all an escar- 
 buncle of eight rays, pomettee and floree, Or ; Cleve. 
 
 2. Or, a lion rampant, Sable ; Juliers or Gulick. 
 
 3. Azure, a lion rampant crowned, Or ; Schwarzenberg. 
 
 4. Argent, a lion rampant, queue forche, Gules, 
 crowned, Or ; Berg or Mons. 
 
 5. Or, a fess chequy, Argent and Gules ; La March 
 or March. 
 
 6. Argent, a lion rampant, Gules, crowned. 
 
 7. Argent, three chevronels, Gules; Ravensbergh. 
 
 Hall tells us*, that at her meeting with King Henry 
 
 the Eighth, « uje #ioe a fapre twjse jtc&elp ttajjpeo, toitj) 
 |)tr footmen about fur fa golOefmft&es toerue emorofoereU 
 toitfc tlje blacfe lion, anO on f)ts ujouloet: a carbuncle of 
 
 gOlOe*" The black lion was derived from her mother 
 Mary, daughter and sole heir of William the Third, duke 
 of Juliers; the escarbuncle, as we have lately noticed, 
 formed the charge in the arms of Cleve. 
 
 The last quoted historian mentions, that the wedding- 
 ring of this Queen was inscribed, God send me wel to kept. 
 
 * 31, H. 8. 
 
HOUSE OP TUDOR. 73 
 
 V. CATHERINE, DAUGHTER OF SIR EDMUND HOWARD, 
 
 KNIGHT. 
 
 A MS. in the Heralds' College*, has furnished us with 
 an example of the arms borne by this Queen, to which is 
 annexed the following memorandum : " 2C|je MfltChC Of 
 
 fc. $. 8 totf> the Haop featftejme ^otoaro as g fetoe them 
 m a tot'nootoe fa SBflbops paHare bg potoles" The 
 
 first f and fourth quarters on the sinister side, were aug- 
 mentations, granted on her marriage ; the second quarter 
 contains the arms of Thomas de Brotherton, fifth son of 
 King Edward the First, and maternal ancestor of the il- 
 lustrious house of Howard ; the third, her paternal coat, 
 with the Royal augmentation granted to Thomas Howard, 
 earl of Surry, to commemorate his memorable victory over 
 King James the Fourth, of Scotland, in the battle of 
 Flodden field %. 
 
 • Marked "L. 14," fol. 104. 
 
 f In MS. Harl. N° 6829, fol. 8, is a drawing from a shield in the window of 
 Great Grimsby church, Lincolnshire ; on the dexter side of it are the arms of 
 England, and on the sinister the augmentation contained in the first quarter of 
 the above achievement, but each flanche is there charged with three red roses, 
 in pale. 
 
 J " Sifter trje fionor cf tfiii bictorp, (Stomal S?otoar6, earl of &ujrie, (a£ a note 
 of tie eonqueft,) gabe to W ferbanttf tfii£ eonnijante (to tnear on tfie left a?me,) 
 tofiicbwafSateibite lion, (tbe bead tobieft Je before baje atf tie proper enfign of tjat 
 
 fioufe,) [and derived from the family of Mowbray,] (tanbing flber a JCb lion, (t{ie 
 
 peculiar note of the fiingbom of 3>cotIanb,) anb tearing tie fame jeb Hon Witti 6i0 
 
 rjattJC?." — Holliiigsheil. 
 
*74 MOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 VI. KATHERINE, DAUGHTER OF SIR THOMAS PARR, KNT. 
 
 The achievement of this Queen has been copied from a 
 representation of her great seal*. The six quarterings 
 represented on the left side of the escutcheon, are — 
 
 1. Argent, on a pile, inter six roses, Gules, three 
 
 others of the field; being a Royal augmentation. 
 
 2. Argent, two bars, Azure; a border engrailed, 
 
 Sable ; Parr. 
 
 3. Or, three water budgets, Sable ; Ros, of Kendal. 
 
 4. Vaire, Argent and Azure, a fess Gules ; Marmion. 
 
 5. Azure, three chevronels interlaced in base, and a 
 
 chief, Or; Fitzhugh. 
 
 6. Vert, three stags at gaze, two and one, Or; Green. 
 
 The dexter supporter is evidently the Royal lion ; as to 
 that on the sinister side, it appears to be intended for the 
 same animal that is placed behind the shield on the seal 
 of William lord Fitzhugh f, temp. H. 6, and on that of his 
 son, Henry ; it is there represented supporting two ban- 
 
 * " Archselogia," vol. v. p. 232. 
 
 f An animal exactly similar is placed as the sinister supporter, on the stall- 
 plate of Henry earl of Cumberland, 1539, in St. George's chapel, Windsor ; 
 being Argent, and striped with various colours in bend sinister. It does not 
 appear, however, that the Cliffords could have assumed their beast from any 
 affinity to the family of Fitzhugh. 
 
HOUSE OP TUDOR. 7S 
 
 ners, bearing the arms of St. Quintin and Garnegot. Of 
 these seals, a drawing- will be found in a MS. of the Har- 
 leian library, N° 5805, and in MS. Lansdown, N° 203, 
 fol. 95, B. An engraving - of the first, is given in Ed- 
 mondson's " Complete Body of Heraldry," vol. i. p. 191. 
 William lord Fitzhugh was Queen Katherine's maternal 
 grandfather. 
 
 Figure d, plate xvii. is copied from a drawing of the 
 same size, in a MS. of the Heralds' -College library*, and 
 accompanied with the following remark: — ** tID|)C OatJCJ0 
 
 of tyt 2UHk Eattjertm $arre, 6 anU last toife 
 to Hfngc $. 8. Cfcte oatigc foas also gflmt ok 
 iamgc $. s to tfce forSagtJ latig, oring trisi qnent, 
 attii stanoet!) mtijetoal&eg about t&epread&mjg;-' 
 place of Wfntr&atl, tmoer fyt tarras." 
 
 This badge does not appear to have been an entire new 
 fancy, but to have been composed from the rose- badge of 
 King Henry VIII. and from one previously used by this 
 Queen's family. The house of Parr had (before this time) 
 assumed as one of their devices, a maiden's head, couped 
 below the breasts, vested in ermine and gold, her hair of 
 the last, and her temples encircled with a wreath of red 
 and white roses f ; and this badge they had derived from 
 the family of Ros, of Kendal. 
 
 Marked " L. 14," Jot. 105. t MSS. Harl. N° s 1156, 2076, fol. 46. 
 
■76 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 7 
 
 EDWARD VI. 
 28 January, 1547. 
 
 This Monarch continued without deviation the armorial 
 bearings that had been used by his father at the latter 
 part of his reign. 
 
 The specimen here given (PL xviii.) has been copied 
 from a stone compartment above the entrance-gate of 
 Penshurst- Place, Kent, the seat of Sir John Sydney, Bart, 
 under it is the following inscription : — 
 
 " The most religious and renowned Prince Edward 
 " the Sixt Kinge of England France and Ireland, gave 
 " this house of Pencestre with the Mannors, Landes and 
 " Appurtenances thereunto belonginge unto his trustye 
 " and welbeloved servant Syr William Sydney Knight 
 " Bannaret servinge him from the tyme of his birth unto 
 " his coronation, in the offices of Chamberlayne and 
 " Stuarde of his Houshold, in commemoration of which 
 " most worthie and famous Kinge, S r Henrye Sydney 
 " Knight of the most Noble Order of the Gartor, Lord 
 " President of the Counsell established in the marches of 
 " Wales, sonne and heyer to the aforenamed Syr William, 
 " caused this tower to be buylded and that most excellent 
 " princes armes to be erected Anno Domini 1585." 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 77 
 
 At the conduit in Eastcheap, a most curious pageant was 
 erected, to grace the procession of Edward from the Tower, 
 to his palace at Westminster, previous to his coronation ; 
 it was formed by a double scaffold, " luflicfl toaS StUtfi 
 
 toftb floats of golb anti sOfte, brsffiesi rtrb ar- 
 ras. Cbere toaS also bebisrb unber tbe uper 
 Scaffolb, an element or beaben, toitb tbe sunn, 
 Starrs anb clotobes berg naturallg. dfrom rbfS 
 e lotobe tbere spreab abroab anotber Ussier eloub 
 of tobfte sarsennet fringeb tottb sflne potobereb 
 toft!) Starrs anb beames of golb, out of tobtrb 
 tbere beseenbeb a pbenir bourne to tbe neitber 
 Sraffolb, toijerc Setting berSelfe upon a mount, 
 tbere spreab fortb roses tobtte anti reb, jutte 
 flotoers ano bottborne bonus. after tbat tbe 
 satb pbenir toas H&ztt a little, tbere approacbeb 
 a Igon of go lb ciotoneb, maueing semblance of 
 amgtg toitb tbe bilb, mobeing Ins beab sunbrg 
 tgmes, bettoeen tbe tobtcb familiaritg, as ft 
 seemeb, tbere came fortb a goung Igon tbat bab 
 a rrotone imperiall brougbt from beaben abobe t 
 as bg ttoo angells \s&\fy tbeg Sett upon bis 
 bcab. Cben tbe olb Igon anb tbe pbenir ba- 
 nisbeb atoag, leabing tfte goung Igon, being 
 rrotoneb, alone*." 
 
 * Lelaud's "Collectanea," vol. iv. p 315. 
 
78 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 A MS. by Handle Holmes*, tells us, that Edward and 
 his sister-queens, " among 1 severall other devices for their 
 " badges, used this, viz. on a mount vert, a canon on its 
 " carriage, Or, fired proper, with the ladle and spung by 
 " salterwize in the base of the hill Argent, stands gold." 
 The representation of this device (PL xviii.) is copied 
 from another volume of the Hai-leian collection f. 
 
 According to Sir Robert Cotton J, this King used for a 
 badge, " the sun shining; the words, Idem per diversa." 
 
 MARY. 
 6 July, 1553. 
 
 On a tower of Windsor castle, appropriate to the Governor 
 of the Poor Knights of St. George, is a stone compartment, 
 surrounded by ornamental mouldings ; within which have 
 been sculptured the arms of Philip and Mary, impaled, 
 within the garter, and crowned ; supported on the dexter 
 side by an eagle, with wings endorsed ; and on the sinister 
 by a lion. Under the eagle is a slip of pomegranates, 
 and under the lion, a rose branch. The whole of the 
 achievement is so much defaced, that there remain but 
 
 * Bib. Harl. N° 2035. 
 
 t Marked N° 2076, folAb, B.—Vide also N° 5951, iu the same library. 
 
 X Hearne's " Antiq. Discourses," vol. i. p. 112. 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 79 
 
 mere indications of the heraldic ornaments; the supporters 
 are entirely destroyed, the outline only being discernible. 
 
 At the top of the compartment appears to have been 
 written Philip's motto, "Coi.it ardua virtus;" and 
 at the bottom, " Veritas temporis filia," which lat- 
 ter sentence was used by Mary on her great seal, previous 
 to her marriage*. 
 
 The very curious achievement of this Queen, which is 
 given in PI. xix.- has been taken, from a MS. in the Col- 
 lege of Armsf; in which we presume, that the dexter 
 supporter is intended to refer to the supporter of Henry 
 the Seventh and Henry the Eighth ; and the sinister to 
 the eagle of her husband, Philip. It would be difficult 
 to determine under what circumstances Queen Mary could, 
 with propriety, bear her lozenge thus quartered J. 
 
 The arms of King Philip (PL xviii.) are painted in a 
 window of the library of the Archiepiscopal palace, at 
 Lambeth. Herein we find the escutcheon divided into 
 four grand quarters : the first grand quarter being - quar- 
 
 * Vide Oliv. Ured. " Geneal. des Comtes de Flandre," vol. i. p. 143. 
 
 t -Marked "Vincent, \52,"/ol.72. 
 
 X In front of the organ-gallery, erected in 1819, in the abbey-church at Wal- 
 tham, Essex, are the arms of France and England quartered, within the garter, 
 and crowned ; supported on the dexter side by a lion guardant, crowned, and 
 on the sinister by a dragon, both of which, the provincial painter has gilt. 
 Beneath is the motto of " Dieu et mon droit." Above the achievement is ad- 
 ded, " 5 P. 6f M. 1558." It was probably removed to its present situation 
 from some other part of the church; but whether the date was formerly attached 
 to it, is now doubtful. The whole very closely resembles the armorial compart- 
 ment of King Edward VI. at Penshurst-Place. 
 
80 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 terly — in the 1st and 4th, the arms of Castile and Leon 
 quartered — in the 2nd and 3rd, Arragon and Sicily im- 
 paled; the second grand quarter also quarterly — in the 
 1st, Austria modern — in the 2nd, Burgundy modern — in 
 the 3rd, Burgundy ancient — in the 4th, Brabant; over 
 these an escutcheon, charged on the dexter half, with the 
 arms of Flanders — the sinister half contains the arms of 
 Tyrol : the third grand quarter is the same as the second, 
 and the fourth as the first : on the point in base, is the 
 badge of Grenada. 
 
 The crest of Philip was a demi-lion rampant, purpure, 
 holding in his dexter gamb a sword erect Argent, hilt 
 and pommel Or, and issuant from a castle Or, placed on 
 a wreath Argent and Gules*. 
 
 The badge of Queen Mary, which is given in the lower 
 part of PI. xviii. is taken from a MS. in the College of 
 Arms, and appears evidently to be composed from her pa- 
 ternal and maternal devices f. She also used, sometimes 
 the pomegranate alone, and at others, impaled one half of 
 it with a demi-rose J. 
 
 Sir Robert Cotton says, that she also used a sword 
 erected on an altar, with the motto, " Pro ara et regni 
 custodia§." 
 
 * Vide MS. Harl. N° 6162, fol. 37, B. f Vide p. 68. 
 
 \ MS. Harleian, N° 1073. 
 
 § Many various devices used by Philip (at different periods of his life) will 
 be found described by Menestrier, " Devise du Roy justified," 4to. 1679. 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 81 
 
 ELIZABETH. 
 17 November, 1558. 
 
 The specimen of this Queen's armorial bearings which is 
 here selected (PL xix.), is copied from a drawing in the 
 British Museum*. The mode of arrangement is uncom- 
 mon. The dexter shield bears the arms of France and 
 England quartered ; the sinister, those of Ireland f ; and 
 the escutcheon in base is charged with those of WalesJ. 
 
 * MS. Harleian, N° 6096. 
 t An early MS. in the British Museum, Bib. Harl. i\° 304, contaius the fol- 
 lowing entry: '* (3T6e ajmes' of gtlanb itf ■JSuIetf, in olb ftarpes golb, stringeb 
 Strgent, deup anil ung. <3Tfte a?mes of grlanb gules, a caftett argent, a hart is> 
 fuing out of tfte gar in bis prop color, fio?neb JBolb. (Sfce acmes' of grland after 
 tfte befrjiption of grangers' is pt? pate <Bules anb 'Urgent, in tfte gules' an ajmed 
 a:mc n7 the poib:on JCr, ftolbing a rvoo:b in tfte gantlet, garnifteb ffiolb, in tfte 
 firo'r a bem? fptapeb egle, faBle-mcmftreb ©ules." In the preface to Vallency's 
 " Irish Grammar," he tells us, that the harp was sacred to Apollo Grian, or 
 Beal, the principal deity of the ancient Irish, which he supposes to be the rea- 
 son why it was adopted as the ensign of that people. Chalmers (1) informs us, 
 as certain, that a commission was appointed in the reign of Edward the Fourth 
 to inquire what were the arms of Ireland ; and that the commissioners reported, 
 that the arms of that kingdom were three crowns in pale. The coat of aug- 
 mentation granted by King Richard the Second to Robert de Vere, with the 
 titles of duke of Ireland and marquis of Dublin, was Azure, three crowns Or, 
 within a border Argent. — Sandj'ord, p. 1/8. 
 
 \ This coat is sometimes specifically given to South Wales: that for North Wales 
 = Argent, three lions passant regaurdant in pale, Gules, their tails passing be 
 
 {£ " Caledonia," vol. i. p. 461. 
 
 M 
 
82 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 The paly ground of white and green is the way in which 
 the family of Tudor generally exhibited its livery colours. 
 In this example, which is exactly coloured from the original 
 drawing, the sinister supporter is not represented of the same 
 "fitjfe" colour as that used by Elizabeth's predecessors. 
 Morgan, in his "Armilogia," p. 189, tells us positively, 
 that she had changed it from red to gold ; and we find 
 the dragons placed on the angles of her monument are 
 gilt*. Besides the motto here given, we read of several 
 that were used by this Queen : among others, "Video," 
 "Taceof," and also " Rutilans rosa sine spina J." 
 
 She continued to use the badge of her mother, the fal- 
 con with the crown and sceptre ; and this, according to 
 Hollingshed, was exhibited in a pageant at Norwich, 
 
 twixt their leg's, and reflected over their backs.— {Vide MS. Haul. N°4199.) 
 This latter coat is enamelled on the hilt of the state-sword of the earldom of 
 Chester, which was made for Prince Edward, son of King Edward the Fourth, 
 and now preserved in the British Museum : the two coats, quartered together, 
 form part of an elaborate and fantastical achievement of this Queen in the ge- 
 nealogy existing in the Royal library at Buckingham-House. — (Ante p.2, NOTEf .) 
 In MSS. Harl. N° s 1471, fol. i. C. # 21G5, fol. i. a golden castle is given as 
 the badge that belongs to Wales: and another MS. of the same collection 
 (N° 304, fol. xii.) says, " fflfce t ocfc 45uletf, cjowntt) <©r, waiS tfis imbge of i©alejs7' 
 
 • On a bay-window in the north front of Hinchinbroke-House, Huntingdonshire, 
 are sculptured the arms of Elizabeth crowned, and supported by two angels : on 
 one side is placed the portcullis, and on the other the Irish harp, both crowned, 
 with the letters '* E. R." 
 
 f Camden's "Remains," p. 217. 
 
 % Bossewell's " Works of Armoric," fol. 75, b. 
 
HOUSE OF TUDOR. 83 
 
 during her progress in 1578, as "|)fr OtOltt ba&ge;" and 
 it remains on the iron railing which surrounds her monu- 
 ment in Henry the Seventh's chapel. Camden tells us*, 
 that the devices borne by her at diffei'ent times would fill 
 a volumef, and that she used most commonly a sieve, 
 without a motto. It should however be observed, that 
 the devices affected by this Queen and the gallants of her 
 court, were totally distinct in their nature from those 
 badges or cognizances given by her ancestors to distin- 
 guish their menial servants and retainers, and which (as 
 we may have already noticed) were generally memorials 
 of some remarkable event, of some pretension, or of an 
 illustrious descent ; but these capricious emblems used by 
 Elizabeth, which were generally styled impresses%, were 
 purely personal, and merely significant of some temporary 
 sentiment of the bearer, and seldom repeated on any suc- 
 ceeding occasion : they were of Italian origin, and may 
 certainly be considered as strong symptoms of chevalric 
 dotage. The Duke of Newcastle and the Earls of Aber- 
 
 * " Remains," ut ante. 
 
 t Among the gifts presented to her Majesty l>y the " j@eftel .tllainoens," during 
 the triumph in the tilt-yard at Westminster, Nov. 17, 1590, was "a clone ant) 
 fafeoajo fet witb buttons of nolo, ano on tftem toe?e nrauen ffinqjreflfas of excellent 
 Betrife ; in the loope of elrer? button was a noble man£ baone, fir.eo to a pillar 
 jicjtl? emb?o6e?et>." — Selden, Hon. Milt, and Civil, folio, 1602, p. 197. 
 
 X " An impress (properly defined) is a painted metaphor, or rather an senig- 
 ma inverted. /Enigmas represent nature or art by the events of history or the 
 adventures of fables : an impress is a representation of human qualities by na- 
 tural or artificial bodies." — Dallaway, Inquiry into the Origin and Progress 
 of Heraldry in England, p. 392. 
 
84 HOUSE OF TUDOR. 
 
 gavenny and Delawar appear still to retain the ancient 
 badges of their ancestors in their primitive style. The 
 usual mode in the present times is to apply the arms or 
 the crest to the sleeves of the postillions, who alone 
 (among the menial servants) are now cognizable by the 
 sleeve-badge of their masters ; such an erroneous applica- 
 tion is much to be wondered at, when there are scarcely 
 any of our nobility or ancient gentry but might be proved 
 to be equally entitled to the use of some proper cognizance 
 of ancient and interesting origin. In early times, these 
 noble marks of honour were considered as exclusively 
 belonging to the higher classes of society, and several 
 legislative provisions were enacted in the reigns of 
 King Richard II. and of his successor, to prevent their 
 assumption by persons of inferior degrees. It is to be 
 hoped, that a revival of them may supersede the ridiculous 
 custom (at present too prevalent) of crowding the furni- 
 ture and equipage with a plurality of crests. 
 
 In the vignette to this division (p. 57), the hawthorn- 
 bush (green, with red berries), selected from the badges 
 in the east window of Henry the Seventh's chapel, has 
 been placed in the centre, which device is said to have 
 been assumed in consequence of the crown having been 
 found in one, after the battle of Bosworth. Hollingshed* 
 
 * 12 H. S. 
 
HOUSE .'OF TUDOR. 85 
 
 tells us that, In the champ de drap d'or were set up, 
 
 " ttuo trees of muffj bonour, r&e one ralleti 
 rbe gubesmne, tfjat te to saie tfje $atot!)oroe 
 in rngltel), for &mrg, anti t&e otter tfie ifram* 
 ooteter, urijiel) in englisb gigniffrtf) t&e iaasip- 
 berrie, after tbe signiffration of tbe frenrb. 
 Cbesie tre rs toe re euriouglie torougbt, tbe leabes 
 of great tiamasifte, tbe branebeg, bougbs anti 
 toitbereti leabess of rloatb of soli, anti all tie 
 bobie$ anti armes of tbe game rloatb of golti 
 laio on timber; tbeg mere in beigbt from tbe 
 foot to tbe top 34 feet of aSSiu, in eompasiss 
 about 129 feet, anti from bougb to bougb 
 43 feet." 
 
 On the right side is the Tudor rose (quarterly Gules 
 and Argent), which has been copied from a MS. in the 
 King's library*, where we find it supported on the dex- 
 ter by the greyhound, and on the sinister by the dragon. 
 
 On the left is the portcullis (of gold) copied from the 
 eastern window of King Henry the Seventh's chapel. 
 This badge was used in reference to the descent of this 
 family from the house of Beaufort. Catherine Swinford, 
 a mistress and subsequently wife of John, duke of Lancas- 
 ter, resided at the castle of Beaufort, in Anjou, and at 
 
 * In Mus. Britt. marked " 16. F. 2." 
 
86 HOUSE OP TUDOR. 
 
 that place gave birth to a son, named John, maternal 
 grandfather of King Henry VII. who with others of her 
 children by the Duke were in 20. R. 2. legitimated, and 
 had the surname "&£ JSeauffltt" given to them. The 
 portcullis was evidently the type of this castle, the place 
 of their nativity. Henry the Seventh sometimes added 
 to it the words " 3lte?a feCUjftatf," intimating that as the 
 portcullis was an additional defence to a fortress, so his 
 claim to the crown through the blood of Beaufort should 
 not be rejected, although he possessed it by more suffi- 
 cient and undeniable rights. 
 
 The livery-colours of white and green, generally used 
 by this family, have been already noticed. 
 
m 
 
 ? 
 
 of 
 
 J 
 
12^ 
 
 Xnxi i 
 
 i$r 
 
"X 
 
 ill 
 
 -^Vntit of Clevc . 
 
 (JT&fljtVtut "homa^ 
 
 \y 
 
 fta^ggnt f'TT* - 
 
r 
 
 r\ 
 
 zS^ 
 
 • 
 
 $tan.ift "VT SU&ty <t <^%ab*tk 
 
m. 
 
THE ROYAL HOUSE OF STUART. 
 
 JAMES I. 
 •2 1 March, 1003. 
 
 In the achievement of King James (PL xxi.), given from 
 an illuminated MS. by Sir William Segar*, we find the 
 crests of Scotland and France, as well as that of Eng- 
 land. Boetius tells us, that the crown wherewith the 
 Scotch crest is crowned should he the corona vallaris ; 
 
 * In Mus. Britt. Bib. Harl. N° 60S5. 
 
88 HOUSE OF STUART. 
 
 which (says Sir George Mackenzie*) agrees much better 
 with the tradition of this crest having been first assumed 
 by Fergus, king of Scotland, when he did break the bar- 
 riers of the Picts and defeated themf. 
 
 In this reign, the arms of Ireland and those of Scot- 
 land J were first regularly incorporated in the regal es- 
 cutcheon. 
 
 The Royal arms of Scotland were supported by two uni- 
 corns §, one of which was now placed on the sinister side, 
 
 * " Science of Heraldry," p. 100. 
 
 f "At the Kings house called Holyrood house in Edenborough it is sayd that 
 " in tlie inner court are fixed over a doore, the Kings arraes cuuinglie carved in 
 " stone on the wall, the red lyou being the creast over \v ch was written this in- 
 '•' scription in Latin, ' Nobis hsec invicta iniserunt 106 proavi;' which is in 
 " English : 106 forefathers have left this to us unconquered." — MS. by S. Lex- 
 nard, Blewmantle, in Bib. Harl. N° 1178, fol. 134 B. 
 
 J Chalmers (1) is of opinion, that the lion in he arms of Scotland was derived 
 from the Earls of Northumberland and Huntingdon, who had used the same 
 animal as their device, and from whom the Scottish kings had descended. The 
 lion rampant appears for the first time distinctly on the shield of Alexander II. 
 
 The addition of the treasure has been generally attributed to the Emperor 
 Charlemagne, and to have been given in commemoration of a supposed league 
 between that monarch and King Achaius, of Scotland ; when, in all probabi- 
 lity, (as Chalmers observes,) those princes knew not of the existence of each 
 other. The same author tells us (2), that the parliament of James III. in 1471, 
 " ojbanit tfiat in tgme to turn tfiar fulo lie na boubte tftiat afcout ftij* ajmpjj bat 
 tfiat fie fuib 6er fiale ajmps af tfie Igoun, toitfiout ong mur." 
 
 § On the left side of the monument of Queen Elizabeth we find the achieve- 
 ment of King James, in whose reign it was erected, in which the coat of Scot- 
 land occupies the dexter side of the shield, and on the sinister are those of 
 France and England quartered. The crest, a thistle crowned. The supporter 
 
 (1) " Caledonia," vol. i. p. 763. (?) From the " Parliamentary Records." 
 
HOUSE OF STUART. 89 
 
 displacing- the red dragon of the Tudor family. We are 
 informed by Nisbet*, that the unicorn was, at a very 
 early period, one of the devices borne by the Scottish 
 kings ; " not only for his strength, corn-age, and particu- 
 lar virtue of his horn in dispelling poison, (as writers tell 
 us,) but as the emblem of unconquerable freedom, as Job, 
 in his book, chap, xxxix. a suitable device for Scotland, 
 which became the supporter of its imperial ensign, and 
 continues the badge of its independency f." The unicorn 
 on the great seals of Scotland from James VI. is crowned 
 with the Royal crown ; on those from James VII. the col- 
 lar is a crown vallary. On the coins of James III. and 
 
 on the right side is an unicorn ; and the golden lion crowned, but not gaurdant, 
 on the left. The motto, " Beati Pacifici." — Nisbet tells us, that this King 
 did at first give precedency to the arms of Scotland, as the aucientest sovereign- 
 ty ; and, after a contest, those of England had precedence only in England : he 
 adds, that the Scots were so jealous of their ancient sovereignty that, when it 
 was agreed that their queen, Margaret, should many Prince Edward, the eldest 
 son of King Edward the First, it was particularly provided that the ancient arms 
 of Scotland should be kept entire on the seals and ensigns of that nation. — Sys- 
 tem, pp. 152, 181. 
 
 * "System of Heraldry," vol. i. part 4, p. 18. 
 f " What means the chain about the neck of the unicorn in Scotland? Oh, 
 some say, 'tis because they were false to the crown : hold there, ' Nemo plus 
 impetrat a libero, quum qui servire non cojet :' 'tis the reward rather of accepta- 
 ble service, according to the Romans and others, who gave chaines and brace- 
 lets of gold : neither was Manases false to himself when he was in chaines ; 
 repentance in him being like that in that King of Scotland, who wore a chain 
 ever after his father's death, because he was suspected to have a hand therein, 
 which it may be was the cause of the chain upon that supporter of Scotland, 
 notwithstanding it is joyncd to a prince's coronet for the more honour of it."— 
 Morgan, Armilogia, p. 183. 
 
 N 
 
90 HOUSE OF STUART. 
 
 James IV. the shield is suspended from the neck of an 
 unicorn couchant*. 
 
 The motto of King James, " Beati Pacifici," well 
 expressed his natural disposition ; Selden saysf, that this 
 Monarch " was pictured going- easily down a pair of 
 stairs, and upon every step was written, Peace, peace, 
 peace.' 1 His great seals for Scotland bear for the le- 
 gend, " Deus judicium tuum regis da J." 
 
 This King did sometimes use as his device a demi-rose, 
 impaled on the dexter side with a demi-thistle ; this he 
 placed on some of his coins, the legend, " Fecit eos in 
 gentem unam§." 
 
 The armorial bearings of Queen Anne (PL xxii.), the 
 daughter of Frederick II. king of Denmark and Norway, 
 have been copied from a contemporary engraving. — 
 Within the sinister shield are her paternal arms, which 
 were a cross Gules, surmounted of another Argent : in 
 the dexter canton the arms of Denmark, viz. Or, seme 
 of hearts, Proper, three lions passant gaurdant Azure, 
 crowned Or ; in the sinister canton Norway, being Gules, 
 a lion rampant crowned Or, holding in his paws a battle- 
 axe Argent : in the dexter base the arms of Sweden azure, 
 three crowns Proper ; and in the sinister base those of 
 Gothes, Or, ten hearts — four, four and two Gules, a lion 
 
 * Anderson, " Diplom. et Numism. Scotiae." 
 
 f " Table Talk," p. 120. J Anderson, ut ante. 
 
 § Nisbefs "System," vol. i. p. 378, and MSS. Had. N°» 1073, 6085. 
 
HOUSE OF STUART. 91 
 
 passant gaurdant in chief Azure. The base of the escut- 
 cheon beneath the cross contains the ancient ensign of the 
 Vandals, being Gules, charged with a wyvern, its tail 
 nowed, and wings expanded, Or. In an escutcheon placed 
 on the centre of the cross are the arms of Sleswick, Hol- 
 stein, Stormer, and Ditzmers quartered : the first Or, 
 two lions passant gaurdant Azure ; the second Gules, an 
 inescutcheon, having a nail fixed in every point thereof 
 in triangle, between as many holly leaves, all Argent; 
 the third Gules, a swan, wings close, Argent ; the fourth 
 Azure, a chevalier armed at all points, brandishing his 
 sword, his helmet plumed, upon a courser Argent, trap- 
 ped Or. Over the whole an inescutcheon per pale, first 
 Or, two bars Gules, for Oldenburgh, and secondly Azure, 
 a cross formee fitchee Or, for Dalmenhurst. 
 
 The same arms, and the motto, are painted with those 
 of King James in the east window of Bisham church, 
 Berkshire. 
 
 The shield of her father having- been supported by two 
 savage men, wreathed round the loins and temples with 
 ivy, and bearing spiked clubs, we find one of them here 
 placed as supporting her paternal escutcheon*. 
 
 * Yet her brother, Christian IV. used for his supporters, two lions Or, 
 crowned of the last ; and for his motto, " Regna firmat pietas :" as they are to 
 be found on his stall-plate in St. George's chapel, Windsor, on the Prince's side. 
 The same motto was inscribed on some of this King's medals. — Vide Luckius 
 Sytluge Numism. Elegantiorum, p. 365. 
 
92 HOUSE OP STUART. 
 
 CHARLES I. 
 27 March, 1625. 
 
 This ill-fated Monarch continued the same armorial bear- 
 ings that had been used by his father. In the achievement 
 here given (PL xxiii.), the dexter part of the shield 
 contains the cross of St. George, as sovereign of that most 
 noble order. This specimen is copied from a MS. in the 
 Harleian collection *. On the seal used for the Exchequer 
 in this reign, the Royal arms were supported on the dex- 
 ter side by an antelope, and on the sinister by a stag, both 
 ducally collared and chained. 
 
 On the great seal used by Charles for his kingdom of 
 Scotland is the motto, " Justitia et Veritas," which was 
 continued by his two succeeding sonsf. On the pieces 
 struck to commemorate his coronation in the abbey of the 
 Holy Rood, 18th June, 1633, was placed a great thistle, 
 with many stalks and heads ; the legend, " Hinc nostra? 
 crevere Rosee," signifying that his right to the roses of 
 England had arisen from the thistle of Scotland J." 
 
 Queen Henrietta Maria, daughter of King Henry IV. 
 of France, used as a sinister supporter one of the angels 
 which had for some time accompanied the royal arms of 
 
 * N° 4710, fol. ii. f Anderson, ut ante. 
 
 X Nisbct, " System," vol. i. p. 3/8.— Anderson, ut ante, pi. 1 /0. 
 
HOUSE OF STUART. 93 
 
 France. The first figure on pi. xxvi. is taken from a 
 coeval MS. of the British Museum*. 
 
 In the " Archaeologia," vol. v. p. 280, is the represen- 
 tation of an elegant seal used by this Queen, on which the 
 sinister side of the shield contains the arms of France im- 
 paling those of Navarre. 
 
 CHARLES II. 
 30 January, 1649. 
 
 The Royal bearings continued unaltered during the reign 
 of this Monarch ; the example given in PL xxiv. has been 
 copied from the west window of the church of St. Michael, 
 Cornhill. 
 
 His Queen, Catherina, daughter of John IV. king of 
 Portugal, on her great seal did bear the arms of her 
 husband and those of Portugal impaled, and supported on 
 the dexter side by the lion of England, and on the sinister 
 by a dragon, taken from the achievement of Portugal, 
 which was supported by two of the same : this example 
 has been copied in PL xxvi. Jig. 2. The proper colours 
 of the coat of Portugal are Argent on five escutcheons in 
 
 • Bib. Harl. N° 1073. 
 
94 HOUSE OF STUART. 
 
 cross Azure, as many plates in saltire, all within a bordure 
 Gules charged with eight castles Or. The plates were 
 (according to tradition) adopted by Alphonso the First, 
 in honour of the five wounds of our Saviour, and to have 
 been used as his device at the battle of Ourique in 1139, 
 where he defeated five Moorish kings ; he is said to have 
 in consequence repeated the charge on the five escutcheons 
 of the conquered monarchs. The bordure was added by 
 Alphonso the Fifth after his marriage with the daughter 
 of Alphonso the Wise, king of Castile ; the arms of which 
 province were Gules, a castle Or. 
 
 JAMES II. 
 6 February, 1685. 
 
 During this short reign the arms of the monarchy re- 
 mained as before. While duke of York he had borne the 
 Royal arms differenced by a label of three points Ermine ; 
 and for his badge as lord-high-admiral, an anchor Argent, 
 the ring and cable Or*. 
 
 The arms of this King pi. xxv. are copied from a MS. 
 in the Harleian collection f. 
 
 * Morgan, "Sphere of Gent." b.iv. ch. 6.— Rand. Holmes, MS. Bib. Hail. 2035. 
 
 t N° 4036. 
 
HOUSE OF STUART. 95 
 
 Mary-Beatrix-Eleanora, the Queen of James II. was 
 the daughter of Alphonso II. duke of Modena. On her 
 great seal, from which her armorial bearings (PL xxvii.) 
 are given, she bears on the sinister of the shield the arms 
 of Este and Ferrara quartered, viz. in the 1st and 4th Ar- 
 gent, an eagle displayed Sable, crowned Or : the 2nd and 
 3rd Azure, three fleurs de lis Or, within a bordure coun- 
 ter-indented Or and Gules. The dexter supporter to the 
 shield is the Royal lion of England, and the sinister is 
 the eagle from the house of Este. This representation has 
 been copied from an engraving in the 5th volume of the 
 " Archaeologia," pi. xix. 
 
 WILLIAM $ MARY. 
 13 February, 1689. 
 
 King William, after his elevation to the throne of Great 
 Britain, placed over the arms of his wife, which were 
 those of her father James II. his own paternal coat of Nas- 
 sau, and continued for supporters the same animals which 
 had been used by the preceding monarchs of the house of 
 Stuart. The example given here (pi. xxviii.) has been 
 copied from the east window of the chapel in Lincoln's inn. 
 
96 HOUSE OP STUART. 
 
 Another achievement of this Monarch is sculptured in the 
 tympan of the pediment in front of the great armoury in 
 the Tower of London. 
 
 On the seal of William and Mary for the kingdom of 
 Scotland the motto of " Favente Deo" is introduced. 
 
 The arms borne by William as prince of Orange were 
 quarterly : — 
 
 1. Azure, seme of billets ; a lion rampant Or: Nassau. 
 
 2. Or, a lion rampant guardant Gules, crowned 
 
 Azure : Dietz. 
 
 3. Gules, a fess Argent : Vianden. 
 
 4. Gules, two lions passant gaurdant Or : Catsenel- 
 
 boge. 
 
 On the centre chief point an escutcheon Or, 
 charged with a fess Gules : Moers. 
 
 On the centre point an escutcheon quarterly, — 
 
 1 and 4 Gules, a bend Or, Chalon ; 
 
 2 and 3 Or, a bugle-horn Azure, stringed 
 
 Gules : Orange. 
 
 And over all an inescutcheon chequy of nine 
 pieces, Or and Azure : Geneva. 
 
 On the base point a third escutcheon, Gules 
 charged with a fess embattled Argent : Buren. 
 
HOUSE OF STUART. 97 
 
 These arms impaling- those of the Princess Mary are 
 represented in a MS. of the Harleian library*, on a ban- 
 ner per pale orange and yellow : the dexter supporter is a 
 lion Or ; the sinister, a lion gaurdant, and crowned, of 
 the same metal. On his stall-plate in St. George's cha- 
 pel, Windsor, the supporters are two lions gaurdant Or, 
 crowned of the same ; and three crests are there repre- 
 sented : — the centre, from a ducal coronet Or, two stags' 
 horns issuant of the same — the dexter, on a wreath Or 
 and Azure, two wings endorsed of the last, each charged 
 with a fess of the first — the sinister, on a wreath Or and 
 Azure, two wings endorsed of the last, charged with a 
 rose of the first. 
 
 On his colours displayed at his landing in England, the 
 mottoes were " The Protestant Religion and Liberties of 
 England;" and under the Royal arms of England, instead 
 of " Dieu et mon droit," was, " And I will maintain it." 
 His portrait was formerly painted in St. George's hall at 
 Windsor, habited in the robes of the Garter, and on the edge 
 of his mantle was inscribed, " Veniendo restituet rem." 
 
 The hearse of Queen Mary, which was erected in West- 
 minster abbey at her funeral, was decorated with several 
 mottoes that had been used by her Royal predecessors : — 
 " Dieu et mon droit" — " Semper eadeui" — " Beati pacifici" 
 — " Vivat prudentia regnansf." 
 
 * N° 6321, art. 116. t Stebbing's "Sandford," p. 721. 
 
 O 
 
98 HOUSE OF STUART. 
 
 ANNE. 
 8 March, 1702. 
 
 The first specimen here given of the armorial bearings of 
 Queen Anne (PL xxix. Jig. 1) are copied from a contem- 
 porary print, and exhibits them as they were used by her 
 in the early part of her reign. The following notice, by 
 Royal authority*, was issued on this Queen's adoption of 
 the motto of Queen Elizabeth : — 
 
 " These are to signify Her Majesty's pleasure, That wheresoever 
 there shall be occasion to Embroider, Depict, Grave, Carve, or Paint, 
 Her Majesty's Royal arms with a Motto, this Motto following, viz. 
 [Semper Eadem] is to be used. 
 
 " ©itoen lltltier mp S?anh ant! .Seal of my office of Earl Marshall the 
 23rd day of December, 1702. 
 
 " Carlisle, E. M." 
 
 On Thursday, 6th March, 1 706, the Royal assent was 
 given to the act for an union of the two kingdoms of 
 England and Scotland : in consequence of which union 
 an alteration took place in the position of the quarterings 
 within the Royal escutcheon ; the arms of England and 
 Scotland were impaled in the first and fourth quarters, 
 
 * "London Gazette," N° 3S73. 
 
HOUSE OF STUART. 99 
 
 and the arms of France were placed in the second, the 
 arms of Ireland retaining their former situation*." 
 
 In 1707 a Royal proclamation was issued f, dated at 
 Windsor, 28th day of July, in which it was ordered that 
 the ensign armorial of the kingdom of Great Britain 
 should be Azure, on which the saltire of St. Andrew should 
 be surmounted by the cross of St. George, the latter being 
 fimbriated Argent. 
 
 On the second great seal of Queen Anne a rose and a 
 thistle is represented springing from the same stem % i to 
 this device was sometimes added the word " Concordes." 
 
 The armorial bearings of Prince George of Denmark, 
 duke of Cumberland, &c. &c. (pi. xxx.) have been taken 
 from an impression of the plate § which was affixed to his 
 stall in St. George's chapel, Windsor. The arms will be 
 found to be the same as those borne by Anne, the wife of 
 King James the First ||, differenced by a lable of three 
 points Ermine. 
 
 The crest, from a coronet Or, is a demi-lion rampant 
 gaurdant Azure, crowned of the first. 
 
 * Vide PL xxix. fig. 2. f "London Gazette," N° 4356. 
 t Vide PL xxix. fig. 3. § In Mus. Britt. Bib. Harl. N° 6832. || Vide p. 90. 
 
100 HOUSE OF STUART. 
 
 On the right side of the vignette (p. 87) is placed the 
 arms of the house of Stuart, (or a fess chequy Azure and 
 Argent) ; and on the left, those borne by the family of 
 Bruce, (or a sal tire and chief Gules,) through whom the 
 Stuarts became entitled to the crown of Scotland ; these 
 were, however, originally the ensigns of the Annands of 
 Annandale, and on the marriage of whose heiress in the 
 house of Bruce this latter family abandoned their paternal 
 bearing- of Argent, a lion rampant Azure, and substituted 
 that of their maternal relative. 
 
 In the centre is the ancient emblem of the kingdom of 
 Scotland, with its old and very appropriate motto. 
 
 The family-colours of the house of Stuart were yellow 
 and red*. William and Mary previous to their accession 
 to the throne of England, used blue and orange. 
 
 * Bolton, "Elements of Armorie," p. 131. 
 
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THE ROYAL HOUSE OF HANOVER 
 
 GEORGE I. 
 1 August, 1714. 
 
 This Monarch, as will be observed from PI. xxxi. which 
 has been taken from the eastern window in the church of 
 St. Catherine Cree, within the city of London*, substi- 
 tuted for the fourth quarter, which had been used by his 
 
 * In this window under the Royal arms is the following inscription : " The 
 gift of the Right Hon. S r Sam 1 Stanier, Kn', Aid. & Native of this Ward, 
 Lord Mayor of this City in the first year of the reign of King George." 
 
102 HOUSE OF HANOVER. 
 
 predecessor, the arms of his own family : thus, Bruns- 
 wick impaling - Lunenburg-, and in the base point the 
 coat of Saxony, over these an escutcheon charged with 
 the crown of Charlemagne, as a badge of the office of 
 high-tr,easurer of the Holy Roman Empire. The crest 
 and supporters of the house of Stuart were continued, and 
 the old motto of " Dieu et mon droit" resumed. 
 
 Another achievement of King George I. is sculptured in 
 the pediment of the church of St. Martin's-in-the-fields. 
 
 This King before his accession to the throne of Great 
 Britain, did bear for his arms a shield of fourteen quar- 
 tering^, viz. — 
 
 1. Gules, two lions passant gaurdant Or : Brunswick. 
 
 2. Gules, a horse current Argent : Saxony. 
 
 3. Or, semee of hearts Proper, a lion rampant Azure : 
 
 Lunenburg. 
 
 4. Azure, a lion rampant Argent, crowned Or : 
 
 Eberstein. 
 
 5. Argent, a wheel Gules : Osnaburg. 
 
 6. Gules, a lion rampant Or, within a bordure go- 
 
 bone Argent and Azure : Homburg. 
 
 7. Per fess, Azure and Argent, in the first a lion 
 
 rampant, in the second an eagle displayed 
 counterchanged : Diepholt. 
 
 8. Vacant : Electorate. 
 
HOUSE OF HANOVER. 103 
 
 9. Per fess, in chief Gules, a lion rampant Or ; in 
 base Or, three bars Gules : Lauterburg. 
 
 10. Argent, a stag- current Sable : Cletenburg. 
 
 1 1 . Divided into three, — 
 
 In chief Or, two bears paws endorsed and is- 
 
 suant Sable : Hoy a . 
 In fess barrv of four Argent and Gules. 
 In base girronny of eight Or and Azure : Brnck- 
 
 fuiusen. 
 
 12. Chequy, Argent and Gules: Hohnstein. 
 
 13. Argent, a stag's horn in fess Gales: Reinstein. 
 
 14. Argent, a stag's horn in fess Sable: Blankenburg*. 
 
 For supporters two savage men wreathed round the 
 loins and temples with ivy, and each holding in his ex- 
 terior hand a tree, the roots eradicated Proper. 
 
 The motto, " Nec mens inferiora sorti." 
 
 No achievement of the unfortunate Sophia Dorothy has 
 vet passed under our observation, and it is more than pro- 
 bable that her armorial bearings were never exhibited in 
 this kingdom. Her father George William, duke of Zelle, 
 was a younger brother of Ernest Augustus, duke of Bruns- 
 wick, the father of George the First, and most probably 
 used the same arms, with some trifling - variation in the 
 arrangement of the quarterings, 
 
 * Imhoft', " Not. S. Rom. Genu. Imp. Proc." pp. 80, 220. 
 
104 HOUSE OF HANOVER. 
 
 GEORGE II. 
 11 June, 172 7. 
 
 The same armorial bearings that were vised by the pre- 
 ceding monarch were continued without any variation 
 through this reign. The example (pi. xxxii.) has been 
 drawn from the lower part of the west window of West- 
 minster abbey. On the wall beneath is written, — 
 
 " FAVENTE GEORGIO SECUNDO RE1TERATA, 
 " SENATUS MUNIFICENTIA FELICITER INSTAURATA, A.D. BIDCCXXXV." 
 
 On the pediment of the south front of the stables in the 
 Royal mews another achievement of this King remains 
 carved in stone. 
 
 Queen Carolina Wilhelmina was the daughter of John 
 Frederick, marquis of Brandenburg- Anspach. Her shield 
 of arms (PL xxxv.Jig. 1.), which has been copied from a 
 contemporary print, contains on the sinister side the fol- 
 lowing quarterings : — 
 
 1. Per fess Gules and Argent, each bordered of the 
 
 same : Magdeburg. 
 
 2. Argent, an eagle displayed Sable, crowned Or. 
 
 3. Or, a griffin segreant Gules, crowned. 
 
 4. Argent, a griffin segreant Gules*. 
 
 * The German heralds generally make all charges of animals to face each 
 other: thus, the griffins in the 4th and 6th quarters above, which would if 
 placed alone have fronted the usual way, are here made counter-segreant. 
 
HOUSE OP HANOVER. 105 
 
 5. Argent, a griffin segreant Gules. 
 
 6. Or, a griffin segreant Sable. 
 
 7. Argent, an eagle displayed Sable : Crossen. 
 
 8. Per pale Argent and Gules, each bordered of the 
 
 same : Halberstadt. 
 
 9. Argent, an eagle displayed Sable. 
 
 10. Or, a lion rampant Sable, crowned, within a bor- 
 
 dure gobone Argent and Gules : Nurembvrg. 
 
 11. Gules, two keys in Saltire Or: Alinden. 
 
 12. Quarterly Argent and Sable, each bordered of the 
 
 same : Hohen Zo/ern. 
 
 13. The field Gules, the figure Argent. 
 
 14. Per fess Gules and Argent. 
 
 15. Plain field of Gules : for right of regalia. 
 
 On an escutcheon Argent an eagle displayed 
 Gules : Brandenburg. 
 
 The colours are here specified from the lines of the 
 engraving. The achievement does not agree with those 
 generally given for the house of Brandenburg, and is 
 probably not entitled to implicit reliance : it would not 
 have been introduced here if a less exceptionable speci- 
 men had been found. As the supporters to this achieve- 
 ment were the lion and unicorn, it has been thought 
 unnecessary to introduce them. It will be observed that 
 
 p 
 
106 HOUSE OF HANOVER. 
 
 this was the first queen who had used both the supporters 
 of her husband, which example has been continued to the 
 present time. 
 
 GEORGE III. 
 25 October, 176 0. 
 
 The armorial bearings used by his late Majesty in the 
 early part of his reign are represented on PL xxxiii. and 
 were drawn during that period from his carriage. They 
 are exactly the same as those borne by the two preceding 
 kings. 
 
 On the union of the kingdom of Great Britain with 
 Ireland in 1801, the following notice was issued by Royal 
 authority : — 
 
 " PROCLAMATION. 
 
 " George R. 
 
 " Whereas by the First Article of the Articles of Great 
 Britain and Ireland it was declared, That the said Kingdoms of Great Bri- 
 tain and Ireland should, upon this day being the First Day of January, 
 in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and One, for ever 
 after be united into One Kingdom, by the name of the United Kingdo?n 
 of Great Britain and Ireland ; and that the Royal Style and Titles apper- 
 taining to the Imperial Crown of the said United Kingdom and its De- 
 
HOUSE OF HANOVER. 107 
 
 pendencies, and also the Ensigns Armorial, Flags, and Banners thereof, 
 should be such as We, by our Royal Proclamation under the Great Seal 
 of the said United Kingdom, should appoint; We have thought fit, by 
 and with the advice of our Privy-Council, to appoint and declare that 
 Our Royal Style and Titles shall henceforth be accepted, taken, and used 
 as the same set forth in Manner and Form following; that is to say, the 
 same shall be expressed in the Latin Tongue by these words: — 
 
 " Georgws Tertivs, Dei Gratia 
 Britanniarum Rex, Fidei Defensor. 
 
 And in the English Tongue by these words : — 
 
 " George the Third, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom 
 of Great Britain and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith. 
 
 And that ihe Arms or Ensigns Armorial of the said United Kingdom shall 
 be Quarterly: first and fourth England; second, Scotland; third, Ireland; 
 and it is Our Will and Pleasure that there shall be borne therewith on an 
 escutcheon of pretence, the Arms of Ouit Dominions in Germany, en- 
 signed with the Electoral Bonnet: And that the Union Flag shall be 
 
 Azure, the Crosses Saltire of St. Andrew and St. Patrick Quarterly, per 
 Saltire counter-changed Argent and Gules; the latter fimbriated of the 
 second, surmounted by the Cross of St. George of the third, fimbriated 
 as the saltire. 
 
 " ©iVien at Our Court at St. James's the First Day of January, One Thousand 
 Eight Hundred and One, in the Forty-First Year of Our Reign." 
 
 This arrangement is represented in PL xxxiv. Jig. 2. 
 
 In the year 1816, in consequence of the electorate of 
 Hanover being elevated to the rank of a kingdom, a se- 
 cond alteration was made, which was thus announced in 
 the " London Gazette" : — 
 
 " And whereas His Majesty having substituted to His ancient title 
 of Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, the title of King of Hanover, it 
 
108 HOUSE OF HANOVER. 
 
 is fit that an alteration should be made in His Majesty's arms or ensigns 
 armorial, We have therefore thought fit, in the name and on the behalf 
 of His Majesty, and by and with the advice of His Majesty's Privy- 
 Council, to appoint and declare that, instead of the arms of His Majes- 
 ty's dominions in Germany, ensigned with the Electoral Bonnet, as 
 directed by His Majesty's Proclamation above mentioned, (1 Jan. 1801,) 
 there shall henceforth be used and borne with the arms or ensigns armo- 
 rial of His Majesty's said United Kingdom, on an escutcheon of pretence, 
 the arms of His Majesty's dominions in Germany, ensigned with the 
 Hanoverian Royal Crown; and that the standard of the said United 
 Kingdom shall be the quarteringsas by His Majesty's said Proclamation 
 were declared to be the arms or ensigns armorial of the said United King- 
 dom, with the escutcheon of pretence, ensigned with the said Hanoverian 
 Royal crown, instead of the Electoral bonnet : &c. 
 
 " (©itien at the Court at Carlton-House the Eighth Day of June, One Thousand 
 Eight Hundred and Sixteen, in the Fifty-Sixth Year of His Majesty's 
 Reign*." 
 
 This second alteration is represented in the 4th figure 
 of pi. xxxiv. 
 
 Her late Majesty, Queen Charlotte, was the daughter 
 of Charles-Frederick-Lewis, prince of Mecklenburg--Stre- 
 litz, and did bear impaled with the arms of her husband, 
 the following quartering^ : 1st, Mecklenburg; 2nd, Wen- 
 den ; 3rd, the principality of Schwerin ; 4th, Ratzeburg; 
 5th, the county of Schwerin ; 6th, Rostock : and over the 
 whole an escutcheon of Stargard. 
 
 The 5th figure on pi. xxxv. has been drawn from the 
 carriages that were used by her Majesty previous to the 
 alteration of the King's arms in 1801. The supporters 
 
 * " London Gazette," June 29, 1816. 
 
HOUSE OF HANOVER. 109 
 
 have been omitted for the reasons before mentioned. The 
 supporters of Mecklenburg-Strelitz* were, on the dexter 
 a buffalo Sable, armed Or, derived from Mecklenburg ; 
 and on the sinister a griffin Or, from Sehwerin. 
 
 GEORGE IV. 
 29 January, 1820. 
 
 His present Majesty continues the same armorial bearings 
 that were used by his revered predecessor. The form of 
 the crown imperial has been, however, somewhat altered. 
 The Sovereign's achievement will be found in pi. xxxv. 
 From the compartment are suspended the five orders of 
 knighthood appropriate to the several kingdoms under his 
 Majesty's dominion. In the embroidery at the back of the 
 Royal throne in the House of Lords we find introduced 
 the ancient badge of the princes of Wales, in consequence, 
 we presume, of that title being at present merged in 
 Royalty. 
 
 * As on the stall-plate of Adolphus Frederick, duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 
 1771, in St. George's cbapel, Windsor. 
 
110 HOUSE OF HANOVER. 
 
 The shield of Caroline, daughter of Charles-William- 
 Frederick, duke of Brunswick, has been copied from her 
 carriages. But the tinctures, which are there erroneously 
 given, have been corrected (pi. xxxvi.) from the stall-plate 
 of her father, in St. George's chapel, Windsor. The 
 whole of the quarterings will be found in the arms used 
 by King George I. previous to his accession*. The first 
 quarter contains the arms of Lunenburg ; the 2nd, those 
 of Brunswick ; the 3rd, Eberstein ; the 4lh, Homburg ; 
 the 5th, Diepholt ; the 6th, Lauterburg ; the 1th, Hoya 
 
 and Bruckhausen ; the 8th, ; the 9th, Hohnstein ; 
 
 the 10th, Reinstein ; the Tilth, Cletenburg ; and the 
 12th, Blankenburg. The same supporters are used that 
 were borne by the two preceding queens. The supporters 
 used by her father were two lions regaurdant proper f. 
 
 Explanation of the Vignette, p. 101. 
 
 In the centre the helmet is surmounted by the ducal 
 crest of Brunswick. The white horse was the emblem of 
 Saxony, and is said to have been borne Sable by the early 
 kings of that nation, previous to the conversion of Wite- 
 
 * Vide p. 102. 
 f As on his stall-plate in St. George's chapel, Windsor. 
 
HOUSE OF HANOVER. Ill 
 
 kind to Christianity, A. D. 785*. Verstiganf, however, 
 tells us that the ensign of Hengist, at the time of the 
 invasion of England by the Saxons, was " a leaping white 
 horse or hengst in a red field." This ancient symbol has 
 l>een with singular propriety adopted as the badge of 
 the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic order of knighthood. 
 Richensa, sole heiress of the ancient Saxon line, was 
 married to the Emperor Lothaire II. whose only daughter 
 Gertraut became the wife of Henry the Magnificent, duke 
 of Bavaria, and afterward, in right of his wife, of Saxony 
 also. From these descend, in a direct male line, the pre- 
 sent Royal family of England. 
 
 Magnus, the last duke of Saxony of the branch of 
 Billung, used for his crest two sickles ornamented with 
 peacock-feathers J ; two sickles having been the coat of 
 Sichelstein, to which, after the battle of Meursburg, a 
 column was added. 
 
 Guntherus, count of Schwartzburg, from whom the 
 house of Hanover descends by a female line, did bear for 
 his crest in 1359, a column surmounted by a coronet and 
 plume of peacock-feathers § . i 
 
 On the seal of Otto, duke of Brunswick ||, 1401, we 
 find the Saxon horse placed as the crest, and behind the 
 helmet the badge of a star of six points. 
 
 * Favine, b. vii. p. 298. f " Restit. of decayed Antiq." p. 131. 
 
 J Vide Harenberg " Hist. Eccles. Gandersheinensis," tab. ii. 
 § Idem, tab. xiv. || Idem. 
 
112 HOUSE OF HANOVER. 
 
 William, duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg*, 1481, 
 used the horse and the column* on a ducal coronet; and 
 on a seal of Julius, duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg - , 
 we find the several crests of Saxony, Schwartzburg, and 
 Brunswick united f, as in the vignette ; the motto which 
 is there added was used by the house of Hanover imme- 
 diately previous to the accession of George the First J to 
 the throne of these kingdoms, and to which high destiny 
 it evidently refers. 
 
 The sinister shield bears the paternal coat of Lunenburg ; 
 viz. Or, seme of hearts proper, a lion rampant Azure : and 
 on the dexter shield are the arms of Brunswick; viz. Gules, 
 two lions passant gaurdant in pale Or, and it is somewhat 
 remarkable that these being exactly the same as those 
 borne by King William the First, our series commences 
 and concludes with the same individual bearing. 
 
 The livery -colours of this family previous to the accession 
 of Kins* - George I. were the same as those of the house of 
 Stuart ; since that period they have been scarlet and blue. 
 
 * Vide Harenberg, ut ante. f Idem, tab. xv. 
 
 X Vide the stall-plate of George, prince-elector of Brunswick-Lunenburg, 
 1 7 10, in St. George's chapel, Windsor. 
 
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INDEX. 
 
 Abergavenny, 83. 
 
 Abitut, 52. 
 
 Acquitaiue, 7. 
 
 Admiral, (badge of the Lord High) 94. 
 
 Admiralty-badge, 34. 
 
 Alice of Brabant, 4. 
 
 Andree, 48. 
 
 Anjou, 8, 25, 89. 
 
 Anne, (Queen) 98. 
 
 Anne of Austria, 19, 24. 
 
 Anne Bullen, 68. 
 
 Anne of Cleve, 71. 
 
 Anne of Denmark, 90. 
 
 Anne Nevil, 51. 
 
 Arragon, 39, 67. 
 
 Arthur, prince of Wales, 68. 
 
 Austria, 24, 41, 80. 
 
 Barre, 89. 
 Baux, 48. 
 Bavaria, 18, 111. 
 Beauchamp, 51. 
 Beauchamp of Hacche, 7 1 ■ 
 Beauchamp of Holt, 61. 
 Beaufort, 51, 60, 61, 85. 
 Berengaria of Navarre, 10. 
 Berg, 72. 
 
 Blakenbufg, 103, 110. 
 Bohemia, 24. 
 Bohno, 28, 29, 43. 
 Bologne, 5. 
 
 Brabant, 4. 
 Brandenburg, 105. 
 Bretagne, 25, 31. 
 Britanny, 25. 
 Brotherton, 69, 73. 
 Bruckhausen, 103, 110. 
 Brunswick, 102, 110, 111, 112. 
 Buckingham, 29. 
 Buckingham town, 30. 
 Bullen, 69, 70. 
 Buren, 96. 
 Burgh, 47, 63. 
 Burgundy, 46, 55, 80. 
 
 Cadwallader, 58. 
 
 Cambridge, 54. 
 
 Caroline of Brandenburg, 104. 
 
 Caroline of Brunswick, 107. 
 
 Castile, 13, 67, 80, 94. 
 
 Catherine of Arragon, 67. 
 
 Catherine Howard, 73. 
 
 Catherine of Portugal, 93. 
 
 Catseuelboge, 96. 
 
 Charles I. 92. 
 
 Charles II. 93. 
 
 Chalon, 96. 
 
 Charlotte of Mecklenburg, lis 
 
 Ciprus, 48. 
 
 Clare, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 52. 
 
 Clarence, 45, 53. 
 
 Cleve, 72. 
 
114 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Cletenburg, 103, 110. 
 Clifford, 52, 74. 
 Cocker, 71. 
 Coningsburgh, 54. 
 Crosseri, 105. 
 Cumberland, 74. 
 Curzoo, 55. 
 
 Dalmenburst, 91. 
 Diepholt, 102, 110. 
 Delawar, 84. 
 Denmark, 90, 99. 
 Derby, 28, 64. 
 Despencer, 52. 
 Dietz, 96. 
 Ditzmers, 91. 
 Dublin, 81. 
 
 Eberstein, 102, 110. 
 
 Edmund Ironside, 58. 
 
 Edward Confessor, 21, 22, 24, 36, 50. 
 
 Edward I. 12, 29, 59. 
 
 Edward II. 14. 
 
 Edward HI. 15, 29, 59. 
 
 Edward IV. 8, 45, 53. 
 
 Edward V. 49, 82. 
 
 Edward VI. 76. 
 
 Eleanor of Acquitaine, 7. 
 
 Eleanor of Castile, 13. 
 
 Eleanor of Provence, 12. 
 
 Electorate, 102. 
 
 Elizabeth, (Queen) 2, 78, 81. 
 
 Elizabeth Widville, 47. 
 
 Elizabeth of York, 63. 
 
 Empire, 24, 25. 
 
 Engolesme, 11, 68. 
 
 Essex, 28, 55. 
 
 Este, 95. 
 
 Esturmi, 71. 
 
 Evreux, 31, 32. 
 
 Faloys, 8. 
 Felbrigge, 22. 
 Ferrara, 95. 
 Fitzalan, 17. 
 Fitzhugh, 74, 75. 
 Flanders, 2, 3, 80. 
 
 France, 13, 14, 15, 18,24,25,26,32, 
 34, 35, 37, 46, 92. 
 
 Garnegot, 75. 
 Gascoigne, 50. 
 Geneva, 96. 
 George I. 101, 112. 
 George II. 104. 
 George III. 106. 
 George IV. 109. 
 George of Denmark, 99. 
 Gloucester, 26, 28, 51. 
 Gothes, 90. 
 Green, 74. 
 Grenada, 67, 68, 80. 
 Guyenne, 7, 50, 68, 69. 
 
 Hainault, 19. 
 
 Halberstadt, 105. 
 
 Hanover, 107. 
 
 Hanover, (house of) 101, 111. 
 
 Harold, 2. 
 
 Henrietta of France, 92. 
 
 Henry I. 3. 
 
 Henry II. 7. 
 
 Henry III. 11, 25, 38. 
 
 Henry IV. 27, 42. 
 
 Henry V. 30, 32, 43. 
 
 Henry VI. 35. 
 
 Henry VII. 57, 84, 86. 
 
 Henry VIII. 17, 25, 26, 29,*64. 
 
 Hereford, 28, 43. 
 
 Hertford, 46, 70. 
 
 Hohen Zolern, 105. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 115 
 
 Hobnstein, 103, 110. 
 Hornet, 30. 
 Howard, 73. 
 Hoya, 103, 110. 
 Hungary, 24, 39. 
 HoDgerford, 30. 
 Huntingdon, 88. 
 
 James I. 87. 
 
 James II. 94. 
 
 Jane Seymour, 70. 
 
 Jerusalem, 39. 
 
 Joanne of Navarre, 31, 42. 
 
 John, 10, 25. 
 
 Ireland, 22, 23, 81, 106. 
 
 ISSABEL OF ENG0LESME, 11. 
 
 Issabel of France, queen of Edw. II. 14. 
 Issabel of France, queen of Rich. II. 21. 
 Juliers, 72. 
 
 Katherine of France, 35. 
 Katherine Parr, 74. 
 Kent, 20, 30, 60. 
 Knute, 58. 
 
 La Marck, 72. 
 
 Lancaster, 16,26,31,41,43, 54,68, 85. 
 
 Lancaster, (house of) 27, 41. 
 
 Lauterbnrg, 103, 110. 
 
 Leon, 13, 67, 80. 
 
 Lisle, 8. 
 
 Livery-colours, 26, 43, 55, 82, 100, 1 12. 
 
 Lorraine, 39. 
 
 Lunenburg, 102, 110, 111, 11-2. 
 
 Luxemburgh, 48. 
 
 Mackwilliam, 7 1 . 
 Madgebur'g, 104. 
 Mandeville, 28. 
 March, 46, 52. 
 Margaret of Anjou, 39. 
 
 Margaret of France, 13. 
 
 Martel, 25, 32. 
 
 Mary I. 78. 
 
 Mary II. 95. 
 
 Mary d'Este, 95. 
 
 Matilda of Flanders, 2. 
 
 Matilda of Scotland, 3. 
 
 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 108, 109. 
 
 Minden, 105. 
 
 Moers, 96. 
 
 Mons, 72. 
 
 Montacute, 18, 51. 
 
 Monthermer, 51. 
 
 Montfort, 31. 
 
 Mortimer, 46, 47, 55, 63. 
 
 Mowbray, 73. 
 
 Naples, 39. 
 
 Narrow Seas, lordship of, 66- 
 
 Nassau, 95, 96. 
 
 Navarre, 10, 31, 32, 42. 
 
 Nevil, 47, 51, 59. 
 
 Newcastle, 83. 
 
 Norfolk, 69, 73. 
 
 Northumberland, 88. 
 
 Norway, 90. 
 
 Nuremburg, 105. 
 
 Oldenburg, 91. 
 Orange, 96. 
 Ormond, 69, 70. 
 Osnaburg, 102. 
 
 Parr, 51, 74. 
 
 Peche, 55. 
 
 Pembroke, 11. 
 
 Pcrrers, 18. 
 
 Philip and Mary, 78. 
 
 Plantagenet, (house of) 8, 25. 
 
 Poland, 24. 
 
116 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Pontieu, 13. 
 Portugal, 93. 
 
 Queen's College, 39. 
 
 Ratzeburg, 108. 
 
 Rarensburg, 72. 
 
 Regalia, 105. 
 
 Reinstein, 103, 110. 
 
 Richard I. 9, 25. 
 
 Richard II. 20, 25, 26, 37, 48, 52. 
 
 Richard III. 49. 
 
 Richmond, 40, 60. 
 
 Romans, 21. 
 
 Ros of Kendal, 74, 75. 
 
 Rostock, 108. 
 
 St. Paul, 48. 
 
 St. Quint in, 75. 
 
 Salisbury, 51. 
 
 Saxony, 102, 110, 111. 
 
 Scotland, 4, 73, 87, 88. 
 
 Schwartzburg, 111, 112. 
 
 Schwarzenberg, 72. 
 
 Schwerin, 108, 109. 
 
 Seymour, 70, 71. 
 
 Sicbelstein, 111. 
 
 Sicily, 39, 67. 
 
 Stafford, 29. 
 
 Stargard, 108. 
 
 Stephen, 2, 4. 
 
 Stormer, 91. 
 
 Stuart, (house of) 87, 100. 
 
 Suffolk, 55. 
 
 Surry, 69, 73. 
 
 Sweden, 90. 
 Swinford, 85. 
 Sydney, 76. 
 
 Trevanion, 65. 
 
 Tudor, (house of) 57, 84. 
 
 Tyrol, 80. 
 
 Valence, 1 1 . 
 Vandals, 91.,, 
 Vere, 81. 
 Viana, 38. 
 Vianden, 96. 
 
 Ufford, 17. 
 Ulster, 47. 
 Ursins, 48. 
 
 Wales, 20, 50, 61, 68, 81, 82. 
 
 Wales, (South) 81. 
 
 Wales, (North) 81. 
 
 Warbeck, 55. 
 
 Warren, 69. 
 
 Warwick, 41, 51, 61. 
 
 Wenden, 108. 
 
 Westmorland, 47, 48. 
 
 Widville, 47, 48. 
 
 William I. 1, 112. 
 
 William II. 3. 
 
 William III. 95. 
 
 Wiltshire, 70. 
 
 Windsor, 50. 
 
 York, 26, 54, 94. 
 
 York, (house of) 45, 52, 59. 
 
 Zclle, 103. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 W. WILSON, PRINTER, GREVILLE-STREET, LONDON. 
 

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