DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY FRANK BAKER COLLECTION OF WESLEYANA AND BRITISH METHODISM PERKINS LIBRARY Dulce Universi tj Rare Boole Digitized by tine Internet Archive in 2015 littps://arcliive.org/cletails/peculiarusesigniOOwill THir Peculiar Use and Signification^ OF CERTAIN WORDS^ IN THE OR, A. COLLECTION OF OBSERVATIONS,. WHEREIN THE ELEGANT, AND COMMONLY UNOBSERVED SENSE OF LATIN WORDS IS FULLY AND DISTINCTLY^ EXPLAINED IN PROPER ENGLISH. THE WHOLS TRANSLATED FROM the : b ur e s t latin write mi Usui €t Latini et Anglici ser?nonis siudiosa: juventutis. By William Willymott, LL. D, Late Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, . A NEW EDITION^. ETON: Fiinted by Pote and Williams : Sold also by them at No. 1 0,'Red Lion Court; Fleet-Street; London, INDEX Auctorum, unde quae sequuntur obseryanda sunt delibata. C. Julius C/Esar. M. Cato. M. T. Cicero. Columella, Florus. A. Gellius. Horatius. Juvenalis. Livius. Lucretius. MiLTONi Epistol(e Civiles, Nepos. OVIDIUS. PtLEDRUS. Plautus. Plinius Major. Plinius Minor. Sallustius. L. Seneca, Suetonius,. Terentius. Varro. Viegilius,. ADVERTISEMENT. I T had long been the object of observation, that tfie Publications o/Dv. Willymott, in the line of Tuition,^ were in general too extended and redundant in the Exam^ pies ; alsOy that a peculiar mode of Expression frequently abounded, beyond the ready Comprehension of Youth in^ their School Exercises : To remedy these Inconvenience^ the preceding Impressions have been diligently revised^ the Superfluities and Exuberances of Language pared off^ and the whole^ where judged necessary, modified^ and ' rendered more familiar to common Diction : at the same- time no Alteration or Infringement is made in the force- and power of the Examples : these remain in their for--- mer State of beneficial Instruction, without change or<' 'variation. It has farther also been, deemed of benefit f frequently to discontinue the Latin and Greek Quotations^ , as Insertions tending rather to confuse than improve the^ Learner. These Obstacles removed, it is hoped this La^- h our of Revision will be favourably accepted, and these ff/^-^^Ki Classic Observations be found less perplexed^, and better accommodated to School Instruction . than thc^ former Editions^ . THE Peculiar Use and Signification OF CERTAIN WORDS IN THE LATIN TONGUE. ■■1MB ' Miiw A, AB. I am glad to see you well in Towa a^rain. ^S'. I do not question but you ar^. ilave you been well ail the while ? S. As to any bodily Distemper I have been well, bull. have been sick in Mind fd ?norbo valui; ab animo^ 8(c.J 2. Petronlus Arbiter, rv/?o zvas Master of the Pleasures to Nero, upon the first Frown from that Prince, went home, opened a Vein, and " bled to Death f quifuit Neroiiid volnptaiibus.) Ita, d pedibus, d manu, ab epistolis, &^c, 3. Antenor, when Troy was taken, through, many Adventures arrived in the inmost Gulph. ©f the Adriatic Sea. yEneas having, upo7i ike like CWa??z%, fled his Country, came first into B Macedonia i,. S The peculiar Use and Signification Macedonia; after into Sicily-^ and landed at last in Latium (ah simili clade.) 4. These Uri 3.yc prodigious strong, won- derfully nimble, and spare neither Alan nor Eeast that has the Misfortune to come in their way : Wherefore the Natives are very indus- trious in digging Pits to catch them. The Youth inure themselves to Hunthig ; and they who have killed the greatest number of Beasts, bring the Horns lo iviiyicss for tJian (qnce sint testimouio,) and are highly applauded by their Countrymen. The Edge of those Horns they tip xcith Silver, and drink out of them on Fes- tival Days (Hac ah labris argento cimnnclu' dunt) h. e. k parte lahrorum. 5. A Prince uses to punish for ttco Rea- sons : either to revenge himself, or somebody else fd duahiis) h. e. oh, propter, 8(c. Abdico. 1. The Romans \vould not suffer M. Fabius to give up his Dictatorship 'till the Year was fully expired ; tho' otherwise that Office was held but six Months ( abdicare se Dictatnrd.) Abdo. 1. They quitted their Country, car- ried ail their Effects out, and hid themselves in Deserts and Woods (in soUiudines^ 8(c. ab- diderunt.) 2. This Counsel being approved of, they leave the City, and commit their Wives, their Children, and most valuable moveables, to the inner recesses of the Islands ; themselves re- pair of certain Words in th^ Latin Tongue, 5 pair to their Ships ^rmQd f abditis insulis de- rnandant.) Abduco. 1. When two or three of the [Merchants zcere hurried aivaij by Surprise a* board a certain Privateer, and the rest im- plored your Aid ; yet they could not obtain anv Assistance from you, 'till the Merchants themselves vrere forced to embody their own Strength, and rescue from the hands of Pirates the Persons seized on in that River, not with- out extreme hazard of their Lives f in naveui qikandam pricdatoriani per insidias abducti es- sent. J Virg. ^Eneid. Lib. 7- 362. Xec te miseret natccciue, tuiqiie P Nec mat lis miseret ^ quam primo Aquilone re- lincmet Perfidus attapetens abductd virgine^prcedo P 2. This it is, that we most earnestly request of your Highness : that you wnll permit an af- flicted and many ways misused Virgin;, born of honest Parents, and pi/rated out of her na- tive Country, to return, as far as lies in your power, with freedom and safety hom-e again ( abductam.) Abeo. L The Soldier justly claim.s a share in the Glory of^the Action with the Command- er; because in a Conflict the business passes from Conduct to the Strength and Force of thc^ Combatants (abit res d Cojisilio.) 2. But why do you descend to these Trifles I you will say (abis) h. e. te deyniitisP Martial. B 2 dc S The peculiar Us^ and Signification de Cal€7io, qui in modicd re, lihei'alem ac pro- digiim ; in ampld et be?ii auctd, sordidum se ef qudm cvarum prabebat : At til si quasi nonforet relict iiniy Sed raptum tibi centies, abisti In tantam miser esuritionem ; 8s c. li. e. recidisti, sunk into penury and niggard- liness to such a degree, &c. 5. His Cloaths {Vm;?^-^ into Shag, his Arms Into Legs : He becomes a Wolf (abeuntj Aehorreo. L Let us follow Nature, and shun every thing that qfends the Eyes and Ears ( abhorret oculorum, 8k c. approbatioiie.) Aejicio. L L. What think you of this Pur- chase ? Do you think it cost too much ? AI. I do not know I ever saw any House throzvn mvay but this. L. Do you like it ? M. Like it, ask you ? Exceedingly I swear. What an Apartment for the Vv omen 1 What a Portico ! (cedes abject as) h. e. vilissimo pretio venditas^ projectas quasi, tanquam rem nihili. 2!. None will endure to keep any thing so tdisagreeable to their Humours. The deformed Sister, that loves drinking, will sell the Eu- jiuchs and rich Furniture, to buy Wine. The Strumpet ivitlpari with the Land at any raie^ to buy fine Cloaths (abjiciet) h. e. Quaciinque suvima tradet, ut paulo irtferius loquitur, Ter. Adelph. 4,7. Qua: tantum potest, aliquo adji- cienda est, si nan pretio, at gratiis. 3. .He writes me word that he has now laid. of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. S aside the thoughts of Building at Athens fce^ d{fi£ationem abjecisse) Cic. Epist. lib. 9, 15. ad Peetum. Domwn Syllanam desperaham janty ut tibi proxim} scripsi: sed tamen non abjeci : h. e. consilium eniendi earn non abjeci, 4. If L. Catiline, hemmed in and disabled by my Counsels, Labours, and Dangers, should alter his Purpose, desert his Party, abandon his Resolution of raising War ; from this Career (ex hoc cursu ) of Treason and Rebellion should turn his Course into Flight and Exile, he will not be reported to have been by me disarmed of the Weapons of his Insolence, nor astonish* ed and affrighted by my Diligence, nor put beside his hopes arid endeavours ( de spe, <^ de^- pulsus)}, but uncondemned and innocent, to have been thrown into Banishment by the Consul, with foul and threatening words. Oh the unhappy Condition, not only of steering, but of saving the State ! (consilium belli faci- endi (ibjecerit. ) Abjuro. 1 . We carry to Jupiter the Names of such as go to Law, presuming upon false Witnesses, and of those that in Court sxvear off Monei^ that has been lent them (abjurant pecuniam), h. e. cnm perjurio insitiantiir, Ed^ dem formd dictttm AbjUDICO. ' Abrogo. L Falling under the Odium of some Crimes that were fastened upon him by his Adversaries, his Command xvas taken from hbn by an Act of Stat^^ ^d a new Prae- B 3 ti>j 6 The peculiar' Use and Signification tor appointed to succeed him (imperium hide erat ahrogatiim.) \ When any Nobleman declares in Council he intends to make an Expedition, they wha approve the Leader and the Cause rise up to proffer their service, for which they are applauded by their Countrymen : but they who stay behind, after they have once offered to go, are looked upon as Traitors, or Desert- ers ; and are never trusted in any thing again ( omniiimqiie rerum iis postea^fides ahrogaiur,) Abstinentia. 1. The Love of the Multi- tude is got by nothing more than by Abstinence- i ahstinentid.) Abstinentia eoriim est y qui mami^: &b alienis abstinent - Rapacitati apponitirr. Abstinens. L P^enetius Qomm^n^^ Scipib- Africaniis for being uncorrnpt as to the matter of Money (abstinens. } Tis' a Virtue that well deserved Commendation : but I think there were other v irtues in that great Pei'son that deserved greater Praise ; Abstinence being Bot so properly a Virtue of that Man, as of those. Times iii general. It was a good Answer that Pericles once gave Sophocles the Tragedian : They were both of them Praetors of Athens together, and meet- ing one Day about some Business of their Office, it happened a beautiful Yoath passed by; whom Sophocles espying, Heavens ! ^2iidL he, Pericles, What a delicate You:h is there 1 To which he replyed, A Magistrate, Sophocles, , ' shoul-i: of certain Words in the Latin Tongue, f should have not only nncorrupt Hands^ hut chaste Eyes too (non solum manus, sed etiani oculos absiiuentts J Absum 1. He endeavoured to imitate Cj^assics : Cotta chose rather to imitate An^ thony : but this zcanted Anthony s force, he Crassus's beauty and elegance f ab hoc aberat.J Paulo post; 1st is, cum summi essent oratores^ ducc res maximh altera alteri dcfuit. 2. Music •with us is bclozv the Dignity of a great Man : Dancing is reckoned even a fault r yet amongst the Grecians, these are reckoned genteel Accomplishments ( abest d principis persona.) 3. The less Distance the^e Antients tcere re?n o v ed from the original o f i h e Yv" o r 1 d , t h e more clearly perhaps did they see Truth (qno prop ins aberant ct.) 4. We are by TxO\^amg farther removed frcm the nature of Beasts than by Discourse and Reason (hngius absumus.) 5. He informs them hew much the Ro- mans are afraid of them ; what Extremities Cccsar is driven to at Venetia ; and that at no farther Distance than the next Night, Sa-- binus designs to decamp privily, and make what haste he can to his As^i-tance (neqiie hngiiLs abesse, qiiin proximo, nocte Sahinus.J (3. Those that design the go^^dof the Pub-- iLckj icill avoid this Sort of Liberality, which 8 The peculiar Use and Signification takes away from one to give toanotiier (ahe-^ runt ah.) 7. An Estate should be got by such Me- thods as have nothing of Scandal or Dishonesty i?i them ; preserved by Care and prudent Ma- nagement;, and by the same means bettered and augmented fd quihus abest tnrpitiido.) 8. The common sort of People cannot tell what is perfect, and therefore do not know how much any Virtue comes short of Perfection (quid absit d perfecto). 9. I will not make War upon the ^dui nor their Allies, if they stand to their Agree- ment and pay their usual Tribute : But if they do not this, their being called Brethren by the People of Rome zvill be far from protecting them ( longi ah his fratermim nomen P» R. ah- futurum est,) Ovid Metam. 4. 650. Huic quoquey V^ade procul^ ne longh gloria rerum Quas mentirisy ait^ longt tibi hipiter absit. 10. Let Torquatus cease to wonder that I5 who gave no Assistance to Anthony^ defend Sylla (Antonio abfuerim.) Ita ADESSE^ro jii- vare, auxilio prcesentem esse. AbsurdE. 1. If any one who professes himself a Grammarian, should speak false Lat- in ^ or he that would pass for a Master of Mus'^c, shcnld play or sing out of Tnne, this would be more inexcusable in hun, because \ - h& ff certain Words in Ike Latin Tongut, 9 he miscarries in that verv thin.o: rrhlch he professes the knowledge of ( ah surd c canat.) AbuTOR. 1. He hu nib ly begs this of you;- that he may be ahowed to carry with him out of your Court, the Reputation he brought "n- . to it : and that T. Naevius may not be sufie^-ed to spend all the creditable Conveniences of his Life, as so manv spoils (ah mi.) t. IVe turn the quick Senses of Elephant?; and Sagacity of Dogs, to our own proper Ad- vantage (ahuiimur — adt.) Ac. 1. They scorn Gold and Silver as much as others covet it. Their Food is Milk and Honey. The Use of xvoolleji Clothing is unknown to them (lancE ac vestiu?nj h. e. fe- ?iearu?n vestiinn. 2. And this may not he amiss also, to say something of the Duties, Vv'hich peculiarly belong either to T^Iagistrates, private Citizens^ or Strangers (Ac ne dlud quidem cdienum est.) Ac transiiionious sersit. ACCEDO. 1. He drove a Trade both by Sea and Land : he had engaged in jmhlic Bu- siness also : leaving no AVav of getting ^loney untried fad puhlica quonne accesserat.) 2. It is thought that Philosophers zeculd hardly meddle :d/h the Business of the Public^ but upon force> as it were fad remp, accessu- ros.) 3. AVe would wish vour Maiestv to have those Thoughts of us, that since xce came to the Helm 10 The peculiar Use and Signification Helm of ihis 'Republic^ we hold nothing more sacred, than, as much as hi us Hes, never to depart from the League concluded by our Fa- ther with your Majesty (ex quo ad Inijus Reip. gubernaculu accessimns.) 4. 1 never thought that Pompcy ivould a- gree to any Conditions ( accessurum ad). 5. I am for closing zvith tJieir Opinion, who think that the People of Germany are pure and unmixt, and not altered by Marriages with other Nations (Eorum opinionibus ac- cedo). ACCENDO. 1. I saw there a world of Chrystal Cuds, the Price of which their verv Brittleness heiglilens (accendit). h. e. auget^ intendii. ACCESSUS. 1. What can be more constant than the frequent Ebbings and Flowings of Enripus at Chalcis ? What think you of the Tides of the Spanish or the British Seas ; and iheir Flux and Refiux at set Times ? If every thing that preserves a certain Order, must be reckoned divine, see whether even Tertian Bnd Quartan Agues, from the regular Return of those Fits, may not also be accounted di- vine (eoriimque certis temporibus vel accessus velrecessus ) ACCIDO. 1. The Enemy had this Advant- age over us : that, as we could not do them much prejudice with our Weapons, because we lay so much lower then they, so on the contrary. of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 11 contrary, their Darts fell with a greater force (gravii/s accicierint) nosiris nimirum. Q, He declared to your Ambassadors, /iot(; acceptable it zcould have been to us, if that League could have been concluded to the liking of both Parties (^uam gratwn nobis ac* cidisset.) 3. What you wrote me in your last Letter, tvashj no means surprising, and exceeding pleasant to me (accideruntj 4. Nothing of all this zcill light upon my mind icith Surprise. Whatever happens better than I expect, 1 shall reckon mere Gain f ac^ cidiet ani??io nci'um.J Lucretius, Lib. 4. Dico amnio nostra primum simulachra meandi Accidere, atque animum pulsare, ut diximus anth 5. P. Miserable Man that I am ! S. Have you found that out but now ? Long ago, long ago, Pamphilius, when you resolved to com- pass w^hatever you set your Heart upon ; even then that Expression ivas properly applicable to you (ver^ in te accidit.J ACCIPIO. 1. Do you think the Gods like yourself? / icill treat you. Sirrah, as you de- serve, come but hither (accipiamj 2. Let ^schylus come next, not only a Poet, but a Pythagorean : For so ice have it by Tradition (accepimus.) S. This Year also ?iew Ceremonies were in-^ siitutcd j for there were established at this time a College 1'2 The peculiar Use aiid Signification a College of Priests in honour of Augustus, in imitation of the Titian Priests (secundum Ti* ^ lios), formerly instituted by Titus Tatius, to preserve the Religion of the Sabines (Idem annus novas cceremonias accepii.) 4. I am thinking, as I told you, not to pro- ceed by way of direct Answer to his Dis- course ; but of Enquiry rather, touching such particulars as I did not so well understand (pa- rhn accept) h. e. minixs intellexi: uti paulo su- per ills de eddevi re loquitur. Accurate. 1 . Their Magistrates and Prin- ces assign to every Canton such a Portion of Land^ and in such a Place as iiiey tliinlc Jit (quantum eis, et quo loco vismn est^ attribuunt agri) ; where they send them to continue only for one Year, and oblige them to remove (transire) the next: which Custom they ob- serve, lest from the Love of the Place they too long inhabit, they should endeavour to extend their Confines, and the weaker be op- pressed by the more powerful ; lest they should become curious in their Buildings, to defend tliem from Heat and Cold; but chiefly to prevent Covetousness, the Spring of all Factions and Discord (ne acciiratius^ ad frigora et ^stics vitandos, ^dificentj ACERBUS 1. The many untimely Funerals that we see every Day, do not make us think of Death (acerha) Tralatio d fruciibiis qui dc arbo7ibus ijnmaturi decidmL cf certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. I2f 2. As it is our Duty to be generous ia giving, so is it not to be i^igoroiis and injlexi- hie in demanding ; but in every Transaction o£ buying and selling, to behave ourselves to- ward our Neighbours and Chapmen with all x>Ianner of Fairness ; to abate something of our strict and just Right upon some Occa- sions (in exigendo acerbiisj. Proprinm in ed rc verb inn. 3. The same Persons think that if a Child dies young, it ought to be borne patiently : if in the Cradle, that no Complaint at all is to be made. And yet Nature has moj^e rigoronsly exacted her Loan of such an one (acerhius ex- egitj. Actio. 1. Formerly, when the Republic was in its flourishing Condition, I had little or no Time to write. And what Time I had, I spent in writing my Oraiicns and Pleadings .(act tones nostras). ■ Ad. 1. The Camp being taken, great Booty -Was got : and setting aside the trappings of their Florses (as for Tahle-plate, being in War, they had very Utile of ihat^ to be sure J all the rest of the spoil was given amongst the Sold- iers (nam adttscendum f acto per exiguo^ utiane militaiztes, utebantur) . Factum argentum ad vescendum, sunt vasa ei instrumenta mensce ex argento : Argentum escarium, in quo vescebant" ur ; iLti docetJom, F. Gron. Ita Cajies adve-^ nandum. 5 2, 1 14 Tlie peculiar Use and Signlfjcatwn 2. I desire you would plead my Cause ivith Ccesar (ad C (tsar em) : h. e. apiid C(Esaran. 3. Tiberius being drowned in ferrying over Albula, gave the River a Name famous zoiih .posterity fcelehre ad posterosj . 4. When the. Temple of Janus was shut, Numa^ l^^i the Minds of his People, whom the fear of Enemies and military Discipline bad kept in Order, might grow wanton by having nothing to do, thought fit to strike into them a Fear of the God-^ : a thi?ig, no doubt, most effLcacious with the then ignorant and rude Multitude (rem ad rrcuUitudinem, &:c. efficacis- simam), 5. The Venetians, and the rest of the con- federate States, having intelligence of Caesar's Arrival, considering what a horrid Crime they had been guilty of, in retaining and putting their Ambassadors in Chains (a Name that had been alzvai/s sacred and inviolable zvith all Na- tions) ; prepared all things necessary to de- fend themselves from the impending Dan- ger ( quod uomen ad omnes nationes sanctum inviolatLtrnque semper fuisset) . 6. having ordered the Herdsmen to come at a certain l ime, some one Way and same another, to the Palace, bets upon the King ( ad Begem impetum facit) . 7. There's no one but knows that the Power of Fortune is very great, both as to our good and ill Successes, (vel seciindas ad- res vel iidvcrsasj, V 8 c Jf. Ca- of certain Jr ords in the Latin Tongue. 15 B. M. CdUdins was for sending Pompey to his Government, to take away all Occasion of Discord ; for he said, Ccesar had Reason to be jealous that Pompey kept those two Le- gions, which had been taken from him, near the City, wiih a Design to prejudice him (ad urhem). 9. E.. Now let us go into my House. C. I shall go in with a much lighter Heart than I came out (intro ad me) . 10. Afraniiis, Pet reins, and their Friends, sent Accounts of this to Rome ; and so much had Report enlarged the Truth, that the War appeared to be almost at an End: when the Couriers arrived at Rome, there n'as a great Concourse, and mighty Congratulations were made at Afranius House. Many uocked out of Italy to Pompey, some to carry the first Account of this grateful News, and others to avoid coming latest (magni dornum concur sns ad Afranium, mngncC gratulationes fiehant.J Apud Comicos hujusce locutionis exempla scatent. Addico. 1. The Assem.blies of People were dismissed. Armies levied and ready to take the Field were discharged ; yea, and the great- est Affairs of State w^ ere given overhand laid' aside, ivJien the Birds had not approved or al- lowed of the same ( uhi ares non acdixissent ) . Addo. 1. As for the Name of Germanv, C 2 it 16 The peculiar Use and Significaiion it is a ne¥7 one, and lately given (additum) / h. e. datum ^ impositum. 2. Who ever ^fixed the Name of Wicked- ness upon 2i Mistake (addidit)f Frequenter adhihetur in pejorem partem. IsJec Teiicris addita Juno Usquam abej'it—h.Q. affix a et per hoc infest a. Virg. a'Eneid. 6. v. 90. Ille malum virus serpentibus addidit artis. Id . h. e. male^ infeliciter^ pcence loco. J. F. Gron. Addubito. 1. Dinon the Historian, whom we credit most touching Persian Affairs, writes that he escaped out of Prison. But he makes some doidit about whether it vv^as done with Teribazus's Knowledge or no (Illud ad- didntat). Adductus. 1. As Engines shoot forth their Stones with so much the more Violence, as thej are with greater force strained and sc?'ezved} so the Voice, so a Blow falls hea- vier, with the g^-eater Spring it is set on {co7i- teriii^ at que addncl^e). AdE(), IS5IT. 1. Nothing is reckoned more disgraceful or e^eminate with them, than to use Harness. I'herefore though they are ne- ver SO' few, they dsve -attack any Number of Horsemen so equipped ( adire ad). Teren. Phor. 1. 4.5 2. nunc prior adi 1 0 in: ego in in-^ sidiis hie era, sncctnturiatus, si quid dicficie^. ^ 2. If the Soldiers chanced to have any Dis« pute amongst them, if/^ej/ immediately had Be- course of ceriain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 17 ccurse to Cctsar, and submitted their differ^ enc:-s to his Arbitration. So when they were readv to mutiny for want of PaVj and Jfra- nius F ctreius a-ffirrned. ( diccrent ) there was nothing due to them, because the Da)' of Pay- ment w^as not come \ the Generals de^^ired Ccesar might deterrniiie the Mattery which the Army readily agreed to, and both Parties were content with the Judgment he pronounced (ad Ccesarem adierunt). Verbum foixnse. S. Ths same Year/ the Tiber, by the con= tinual fall of Rains^ oyerfiowed the lower Parts of the Town, and carried off both Houses and ]Sien in its Retreat. Asinius Gallus proposed to consult the SibuFs Books (iit lihri SibvUini adirenturj . 4. A good and wise Man was desired bv one who appointed him his Heir, and left him by Will a vast Estate, that before he en- tered upon the Possession of it. he would dance at Noon-day in the open Streets (cinte qiidm h er edit at em adii- set J . 5. Nothing more noble, more illustrious could befall us, than the Judgment of such a Prince: nothing more fortunately auspicious could happen to us, at cur first Entrance upon the Goyernment, than, such a Congratulator ; nothing lasth/ could more vehemently incite us to take possession of our Father's Virtues as tJie best Jmherit anc e^ thdin the Encouragement of so great a King f ad virtutes denique patrias, tanquam hiereditatem optimam^ adamdas, &cy. C 3 ^ AdEo, 18 The peculiar Use and Sig}2lficaliG7i AdEo. 1. Now I will go and talk witli Chremes: Twill beg of him to give his Daugh- ter to my Son. And accordingly there is the very Man coming out (Atq%€ adeh). 2. J confess I heard Philumena had con- ceived a disgust against you ; and I must tell 2J0U it is noxvonder in the least ; and it would be a miracle rather if she had not done it {Minimeque adeh mirum). S. C. Who told you so ? S, Daviis, who is most intimately acquainted with all their Concerns. And moreover you shall hear what he says yourself. Soho there ! call our Davus hither (Tute adeh), 4. There is a Camp in Italy ^ pitched against the State, at the Entrance into Tuscany : but the Commander of that Camp, and the Gene- xal of those Enemies, j/^' see within the JValls : may more,, in the Senate^ are daily plotting some Destru^ction against the State (intra mcenia^ at que adeh in Senatu vide/ is J. ADl-liSRESCO. 1. Ought not the Senate to liave taken Care that that Torch of Sedition fnight not fix upon,, and catch hold of so much combustible -matter ( ne cidh^zresceret in ) f Vide HiEREO. Adhibso. 1. If our Friends had. iis€d\\x'dX Integrity they ought, v/e should not have been i'l these straits (fidevi adhihuissent). ^. The next day, very early in the Morning, the Germans, with all their principal Meuy of certain Words in the Lai 171 Tovguc. 1^ came flocking to Tiberius^ Camp, to excuse themselves for joining battle contrary to A- greement and their owa Petition (omnibus principibiLs adhibit is ), 3. These Brothers were Twins. Therefore there being no Prerogative of Age, thei/ put it to the Gods to determine xvhick should enter upon the Government first (adhitmere Deos^ liter). 4. Whenever we are in Doubt and Sus- pence about a Duty, it is a good Way to ad- vise with some learned or exp'^rienced Manj before w^e resolve and determine with our- selves ( adhibei^e) nempe in consilium. 5. When you com_e before those inexorable Judges Minos and Bhadamanthns, neither will Lucius Crassus, nor Ma k Anthony plead yourCau e; nor can you hate Demosthenes Jbr Counsel: yourself must take your own Defence in the g;'eatest of ail Assemblies f adhibere po'eris) \ nempe defensorern^ qui pro te cavsam dicai . 6. There are Philosophers that conceive the Powers above do not take any Nctice of what passes here among us. ^¥hich, if true, what will b^com.e of Piety, Sanctity, and Keligion } For if hey neither can nor will help us, n ither con'-ider ror heed v/hat we do, what Feascn is there,/^?/* our worshippings honouring, and praying to them (c-ubd iis ciil^ iusj honores^ preas adhibea^nus J ? 7, Should so The peculiar Use and Sigir/fication 7. Should the Physician blame the great- ness of the Disease ; or the Pilot the Vio- lence of the Tempest ; they were not only weak, but deserved to be laughed at : For zvho tvould have made use of jjou, ml^)^\. they be told, were there no such things as Diseases or Tempests (cfids enim ie ahhibuisset) P 8. What Diet, what Liquors, what Varie- ties of Music and Flowers, what Scents and Perfumes xiy'dlyou administer to the Deities^ to fill them with Joy and Delight ( adhibebis^ ad ' Be OS)? Adjungo. T. Perdiccas tried with utmost endeavour . gain this Man to his Interest ; having observed him to be a Person of great Honour and Industry (sibi adjungere). Adjuvo. 1. If he be unjust, that does not keep off an Injury from his Neighbour, if he be able ; what Sort of a Man shall we take him to be, who does not only not repel, but helps to promote an Injury (adjnvat f ) Adigo. 1. We are all made to take this \ Oath.], to bear human Accidents; and not to | be disturbed with those things which' it is 1 not in out power to avoid (hoc Sacramentiun adaeti). A inilitid duct am. ^. Petreius demands every Man should take an Oath not to betray the Army or their I General, nor enter into any private Cousulta- tation, without the public Consent. He first il swears to these words himself ; then obliges I Afraniiis of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. ^1 Afranius to take the same Oath. The Centu- rions and Tribunes follow after, with the Soldiers, according to their several Centuries (idem jus] uvandum adigit AfraniumJ . 3. Claudius, being sent to by the Augurs to pull down his House, because it hindered their Prospect, instead of that sells it to Cat- purnius : Calpurnius soon after receives the same Orders, and accordingly demolishes the House : but finding afterwards that Clau- dius had not set the House to Sale, 'till he had been ordered by the Augurs to pull it down, he brijigs him before an Arbiter, to determine what Satisfaction should in Equity be made. Caio gives Sentence upon the Matter,- that since Claudius knew this Inconvenience before-hand and did not discover it when he sold the Htiuse, he was obliged to make it good to the Purchaser (arhitruni ilium adJgit) . Administro. 1. The way to the Castle was very narrow, and had Precipices on both Sides. The Soldiers therefore could neither stand firm to their Work, because of the Steep- ness of the Pla^e, nor manage without Danger, because their Fortirications were destroyed with Fire and Stones ( adrainistrare) : id nempe quod administratur venuste siibintelligiiur . Sic el CURO, quod vide. Admitto. 1 . For you, Mschines, to do such scandalous things ! For you to commit these things that are a Disgrace to our Family ( ad- mittere) t in te niraivani. Con- it The peculiar Use and Signification ^. Considius, setting Spi:rs to his Horse^ hastes to Caesar, and acquaints him, that the Enemy had possessed himself of the Moun- tain (equo admisso). Hcec mihi quam primiim cdlo niiidissimus alto, Lucifer admisso tempora portet equo. Ovid, de Corinna navigante. Admodum. 1. Seleucus, after about seven Months^ was treacherously murdered by Pto- lemy^ whose Sister he had married ( post menses admoduvi, Kc.) Adorno. 1. Order the sacred Vessels to be got ready y that I may perform the Vows I made in the Army, if ever I got safe home again fadornari). Adscisco. 1. The Tribunes, Centurions, and private Soldiers were gained, some by Liberty and Indulgence, others by the At- tractives of Virtue, according as their several Tempers disposed them to be wrought upon (adsciscehaniiir): h.e. conciUahantur^ adjunge- bantur. Ad SUMO. 1. iJyia tvas adopted into the Julian Family, and honoured with the Title of Augusta (adsivnichalur) per adoptionemni- mir 11771. Adsum. 1. The Business was debated in the Senate. Few considered the Merits of the Cause, but took Part iviih one or the other ^ each as he was pre-engaged by private Affec- tion (hide atque illi, 8(c. adfneruntj . Abver. cerlain Words in the Latin Tongue, Adversum. 1. iEschines I find is not come home yet, nor any of the Servants that tvent to fetch him (qui adversilm ierant). Proprih locii- ills est, nam advcrsitores dJciintu7\ Donatus. Advoco. 1. He calls in Friends to stand by him and defend him : he is himself present in Court: he fights with all earnestness and zeal for himself (Advocat), /Eger. 1. It is natural to all Mankind td look ivith an Eye of Envy and Discoivent upon the Plenty and Promotion of M^n that rise • apace ; and to expect a rigorous observance of Moderation and ^lodesty in those that they lately saw upon the same level of Fortune with themselves /^or/,s- oculisj. ^Egrum. 1 . I received more Uneasiness from my Husband s Departure, than Pleasure from his Arrival (plus <£gri) : h. e. cegritudinis mo* le slice. iEMULOR. 1. He was a Man that tho- roughly understood all divine and human Laws. They falsely report Pythagoras of Samos to have been his Instructor: concerning whom this is well known; that he, above a hundred Years after, in the Reign of Servius Tullus, held Meetings of young Men^ that were his Disciples and maintained his Tenets^ in the farthest Coast of Italy, about Metapontum (juvenum ciemulantium studiaj : h. e. sectatorum. Sic Cicero : %eno cujiis hvoentorum cemuliSto^ del noviinantiiv . Gronov. ^4 . The peculiar Use and Signification tEmulus. 1. After Arnawiiiis, many 0/ the same Sect filled all Italy with their Writings (ejusdem ^midi raiionis) i h. e. earundem opini- oniini studiosi pwpugwi lores, -^QUASIUTAS L Id States that are free, and where all Mm in common enjoy the same Privileges, Courtesy and Affability are pecu- liarly requisite fet in juris ^qiiabiiiinte) . itQUITAS. 1. That too frequent Expression of your's often comes to my Ear ; That you have lived long enough. Lhre then will you viake, not the Safety of the Bepuhlic, but the Moderation of yonr mind, the Bound and Mea- sure of your Life F (Hie tu rnodnni vitae tiice^ nan salute reipub. sed dequitale animi definies ?) h. e putasne ie propterea satis vixisse, qubd iequo animo et citra indignationem mori potes, €t annos prceteritos nonreqnirisf Budccus. Equity of Mind is a right Constitution, and a calm Diposition of Mind, free from all grudging^and repining. j^QUUM. 1. If the Letter of the Law makes against you, you must use Arguments for Equity (pro hy it should be. If you are satisfied of it (replied Batons J why should you learn it of me ? Because, says Cotia^ I com€ to this Disputation, as if I had ^2 The peculiar Use and SignifLcaiiou never heard, never thought any thing at all of the Immortal Gods (hq aggredior, inquity ad hanc disputatkmemj. Agmen. 1. How great is the labour ^/'^ZAa Army m their march! fagmimsj h. e. exer- situs incedentis. 2. In this place Arminiiis had lodged a great number of his Soldiers, having by quidu marches and shorter roads got before our Men, v^ho v^ere loaded with their Arms and Baggage (cito agfnine). Agnosco. L Demetrius PJialereus is sub- lie enough in his disputes of Philosophy, but methinks in his Oratory he wants that Spirit and Vehemence that is requisite: however he has such a vein of Sweetness with him, that one may know he had been Theophrastiis his Scholar (ut Theophrasii discipulum possis ag- no seer e), ^. Hitherto you bring Arguments on my side : but that 1 shall examine hereafter : in. the mean time, where are those Verses that you quoted ? for / do not remember to have met zvith (hem before (non agnosco). Phaedrus de Ardelione : Agnoscit hominem Casar^ Tejnque intelligit j Remembers the Fellow. Ago. 1 Which of all your Orators,. even of those that have made not/u?ig else their Stiidy^ will you prefer before Caesar? Who more copious and poignaat iahis Sentences? Who more vf certain JFords m the Latin Tongue, 55 m.'re clear and neat, in the choice of his "W^^rds ? (nihil aliud egerunt) . 2. It zcas never laboured icith greater Ear- nestness than when I was Consul^ that Deb- tors might be excused from Payment : Men " of all Kanks and Degrees in the State took up Arms for the bringing it about , whose Endeavours I resisted with so much vigour, that the Republic was quickly delivered from >n pernicious an Evil f vc heme ?iti lis actum est) . 3. The Business zvas debated in the Senate ; and the tvv'O Consuls strove who should give the other the harder words facta estj. 4. Every Action should be free, as from rashness on the one hand, so from careless- ness on the other : nor should a Man do any ■ thing for which he cannot give a sufficient Reason (nec verb agere quicquam) : sc. debet quis. 5. Do you think I could hear distinctly on the ouulde of the Door, what theij talJ^ecl of secretly between themselves fegerint ipsi in" ter sej f 6. Julius GratiiSy the ^Master of the Camp, was imprisoned upon suspicion that he held a tremonable Correspondence xvith his Brother, that was in Qtho's Service; and Otho's Men had likewise secured his Brother Julhis Fronto the Tribune, upon the very same Jealousy (tanquanifratri^ ^c, jrr&dilio7ie7n agerelj. . - ?. There 34 The peculiar Use and Significatwn 7. There was nothing in Cassiiis' speak- ing superfluous: Noihing at ivhick the Au- ditor could be nnatlenfive without loss to him- self (in quo aliiid agcret). Hoc age dicebant illisy quos in sacris attentos, et animo prasen- tes volebanf ita aliud agere, est non attendere, J. F. Gronov. 8. When I saw the old Woman, I made up to her and asked her how Pamphila doe^ (quid agatj. 9. His chiefest Favourites were Karrissus and Pallas. Being in entire Subjection to these and his Wi es, he acted not iJbe Part of a King, but of a Slave ; disposing of Honours, Armies, and all other tbrags, as they thoaght fit (non regeniy sed servum egiij. A scend ira- due turn. 10. The Romans of their own accord en» treated Numa Pompilius, that lived at Cures, to be their King ( agent em) . A 10. ]. Bo you afirin that I arrived here yesterday? / affirm it: and as soon as you arrived you immediately saluted me, and I you (Ain? — aioj. Algeo. 1. I am afraid lest he has caught cold, or fallen down somewhere, or broken a Limb (alserit). Alibi. L Before I married this Y/oman, i liad my Affections entirely given up to another Amour (avAmum amor i alibi deditum), AUENUS. vf certain Words in the Laiin Tongue. 3c» Alienus. L Injury is done two ways : that is, either by force, or fraud : Fraud seems to be the property of the Fox, Force of the Lion : both most foreign to the nature of an human Creature ( homine alienissirnum). 2. Amidst so many happy circumstances^ the first cause of mourning to you was your Grandchild, and Morns unnatural to him clapt upon his Forehead faliena.) 3. Of all those things that tend to the ad- vancement and maintenance of our Interest, there is nothing more proper and convenient 'than Love; nor any thing 7720?'^ improper and inconvenient than Fear (alienus). 4. The Barbarian, suspecting no trick, the next day engaged the Enemy in a Place very disadvantageous to himself but on the contrary, mighty advantageous to his Enemy (alienis- sinw sibi loco). Alius. L The event declares that 'we en- deavoured Peace from the beginning, and aimed at nothing else but common Liberty ( nec quicquam aliud libertate) : li. e. prceter liber* tat em, 2. Cdccinay not knowing how to repair (quo- nam modo reponeret) the Causeway now de- cayed, and at the sam^e time to repulse the Enemy, took a Resolution to encamp in the same Place; that one part of his Army might begin the Work, and the other the Fight (ut opus, et alii pr^lium inciperent) : h. e. ut alii Cjpus, et alii pmlium incij^en^nt. Vide Grono- V2UIB S6 The peciiUa?^ Use and S/gJii/lcalmi vium ad Liv. lib. 3. cap. 37. ubi hoc loquendi genus commodissime persequitur. Allego. 1. C/iri/sogo?ms both goes himstlt to them, and sends undtr-kand Men of note to them, to desire them not to go to Sylla, and to promise them that Chrysogoniis would do ^all things they should desire (allegat Us). Allevo. 1. One Mindycides, a Syhariie, seeing a Man digging and raising the Mat- tock pretty high, complained it made him weary, and bade him leave off working in his Presence f all€va?ite?n J. Alloquium. 1. What a mighty matter had it been to have visited me' in my Afflic- tion, and eased me in some measure with a share of your consolaloi-y Discourse (ailoqiiii tui) ? ' Alloquor. 1. Mefrodoriis seems to have said excellently well in that Epistle where he comforts his Sister, who had lost a very hopeful Son (alloquitnr) . I la Greed, tsrcti-ajau- 6ei(T^&A et -ojaQ^riyoou^. Alo. 1. lliis small Farm, not being a suf- ficient Maintenance for him, he turned, I sup- pose. Schoolmaster (cilin non satis aleret). Alter. 1. Turn your Resentments upon us : We are the Cause of the War, of the wounding and killing Husbands and Fathers. We had better perish, than live Widows xvithout the one, or Orphans without the other of you (sine alieris vesirii7nj, Cornifi' tf certain Words in the Latin Tongue, 5/ f . Cornifidxis delivered me your Letter upon the t-ujcntij-second Day of April (altero mcc- simo). Ambio. 1. took particular care of the Vestal Virgins, and ^Yhe^ after the Death of one^ another was to be substituted in her room, and many Fathers 77iade all the Frknds and Interest they possibly could, that they might 7iot be forced to venture any of their own Daughters to the Lot, he protested solemnly, that if anv of his own Grand-dau2;hters were ot proper age, he would offer her of his owii Accord (mnhirent ne). • . - - Ambitio. 1. Dionyslus, the Tyrant, sent a Ship adorned with Garlands to meet Plato^ ^72^ brought him in great Pomp and State to Sy- racuse, magndque cum amhitione), 2. Arhactus having, after a zcorld of Court end Importunity, procured Admission to the King, found him spinning amongst a Herd of Concubines, and distributing their several Tasks to the young Women ( magna amhitione)^ 3. In such a manner I recommendil/. Cinmis to you, that it is impossible for me to recom- mend any one, either with more zeal or for juster causes. And I will do that which those ought to do that recommend conscien^ tiously, and without any design of ohliging, and making an interest: for I will undertake that such^ are Curiuss Morals, such his Probity, that if you know^ him, you will judge him wor* E thf 3S The peculiar Use and Sigtiification thy both of your Friendship, and of particular Recommendation (rdigiost et sim ambiiione commendani ). 4. After this, he distributed among the bravest Soldiers, without Partiality^ the Horses of the Tribunes and Lieutenants, and (among the rest) his own, with orders to those Horse- men to begin the Charge, and for the Infan- try to sustain them (nulld amhitione). In tain trepidd re, nuUus amhitioni, h. e. pai tium stu- dio, locus erai. Ambitiosus. 1. Ifc/rn/i' abstained from no word or action, that was but popular: Fie re- laxed the discipline of those Soldiers that he commanded : He spoke invidiously of MettU Ills, and magnificently of himself: He gave out, that if but half the Army was put into his Hands, he should in a few Days have Jugurtha in Chains^ that the General pro-, tracted the War on purpose, because being a vain Man, he too much delighted in command (qiwd modh amhitiosum foret) : h. e. ad favo- rem ac benevclentiam conciliandam comparatum utile. 2. What, not go out to meet Appius Clau- dius f Especially since in such sort of things I use to act much beloiv xvhat my Honour and Qm^XiXj reqidre f ambit iosiiis qudm, &ic. postu- lant). Ambitiosa sunty qu^e favoris parandi causa Jiiini, a. After of certain JVcrcts in the Latin Tongue, 59 3. After the civil ^Vars, neither in Ha- rangues nor Edicts did Augustus call any of his Soldiers, Fellow-Soldiers, but only plain Soldiers; thinking that too popular, and a greater Snhniission than teas consistent either with Military Discipline or his own Majesty (amhitiosius id existimans, quam aid, b^c. fer- ^ret), 4. His Funeral was ordered with all speed. This he had made his earliest requests to pre- vent his Head being cut off, and his Body ^.de a Jest and Spectacle to the Rabble fam- hsis id precibus petieral ), AmicITIA. 1. He made void his Mother's "Will in a little time after her death, and dealt hardlv by all /2^r Friends and Domestics (ami^ citias et familiaritates } . Amitto. 1. Woman, I am resolved not to let this Business pass iininqiiired into finquisi' tarn amiitere). 2. J will never let this Money go out cfiniji Hands, YsixhoMi Witnesses to whom, and for what \ deliver it (amittam a me). .... 3. Thev had taken three several Oaths to defend their General VvUth their Lives and Fortunes. However so mightilv did thev envy his Merit, that they chose rather to part xciih tJieir Faith, than not betray him (fidem amittere). 4. Fabius had attached two Legions ci-er ike farther Bnd:^e to sustain oin^ 2Ien, On the E Q arrival 40 The peculiar Use and Significattcm arrival of these, the Engagement ceased, and both Parties returned' to their several Camps (ulteriore ponte suhsidio 7wsl?'is amistral), 5. Poppiliiis was Commander in one of tht Provinces, and Caio's Son a yoimg Soldier under him. Now Poppilius thinicing fit to disband one of his Legions, it happened to be the same in which the young Man' was ; who therefore was dismissed among the rest of the Soldiers : but having a mind to see more of the War, he notwithstanding thiji continued in the Army. Hereupon old Cdt& writes a Letter to PoppiUiiSy and therein de- sires him. That if he suffered his Son to con- tinue in the Army, he would give him an- other Military Oath ; for that the former herng void, he could not any longer fight lawfullj with an Enemy (gnod prior e arnisso). Amo. L Though / have a good conceit of mysidf I dare not however say, that I am hand omer than that Bull, that carried Eu- ropa ( a m em ipse me). Amplector. L ^'/to?;.? votes their being punished with Death : Casar excludes the penalty of Death, but takes in all extremi- ties of other Punishments ( amplectitur). Amplifico. 1. Innumerable Reasons might be produced to infer and conclude that there is no bin g that partakes of Sense but must die ; For the very things them.selves that we are sensible of (qii(e sentixtntur ) , as cold, heat, pleasure, pain, and the like, xvhen they of certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 4 1 arc in exccss,'Y\\\. Now no Animal is with- out Sense ; consequently, none is eternal (dcm a m plljicai a su nt). Am PLUS. i. TJie young Gentlemen, ayid Persons of tfie best duality of all Ages, went on Ship-board, that nothing might be v/ant- ing for the preservation of their Fleet (Ho- nesti ex juvaiiute, et ciijnsque cetatis ampliS" si mi J. An. 1. If (according to Ilesiod's Rule) even that which was but barely lent us, is, if possi- ble, to be returned back with Interest, what ought we to do when we have been freely and generously obliged ? Ought zee net to imi^ tate fruitful Fields, which produce beyond comparison more than was thrown into them fan imitari) f h. e. annon imitari dehemnsf Animus. 1. Do you think the Romans ex- ercise themselves every day in those Fortifi- cations for a Diversion ( animi causd). Annus, l. A Year ago, when the Players invoked Jupiter in a pitiful Comedy, he came to their Assistance (Anno). Subintelligc abhinc. Antepono. 1. I have catered well, and in my Opinion shall set a good Dinner before my Guests (anteponavi). Antiquus. 1. Btmg plain, simple, honest Men, and judging of others by themselves, they easily believe Chrysogonus (homines an^ tiqid), ^uia illi homines antiqiii 7Wn erant caL E5 lidi> A% The peculiar Use and Signification lidi: hinc et homo antiquus pro homine simplici, qiiifacitt credit. Grsevius. Antiqud virtute ac Jide. Terent. Adelph. 2. The Care of preserving our Honesty ought to be before that of encreasing our Estate (antiquior qiictm) : h. e. potior. 3. The Duties of Knowledge ought to give way to the Duties of Justice, which consist in upholding human Society ; than which nothing ought to be ??2ore dear and venerable to Men (antiquius). 4. Ancus Marcius, thiniiing it a thing of ^the highest consideration aud moment to reduce all public Divine Service and Sacrifices to the first Institution of Numa, ordered the High-Priest to make a Transcript of all the sacred Rites and Ceremonies out of Numa\ Commentaries, and engross them in a Table, and publish them to the People (long} anti- quissim um rat iis ) . 5. Your Letters, dated December the 24th, full of civility, good-will, and singular affec- tion towards us and our Republic, and xvhat ought always to be greater and more sacred to us, breathing fraternal and truly Christian Charity, we have received (quodqne nobis sanper majus et antiquius debet esse). Aperio. 1. They are ashamed to deny: But afterwards, when the time is come for their Promises to be performed, then they ne- cessarily discox-er th^mschcs faperiitntj. Apparatus, certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 43 Apparattjs, a, UM. 1. He summoned the People, and ordered themx all to get ready with their Axes to cut down a Wood that incommoded the Road : Which when they had cheerfully performed, the next Day he regales them imth a splendid Entertainment (apparatis epulis invitat) : h. e. lautis, splcn^ didis, opiparis. Vide INVITO. Apparatus, us. 1, To these things he adds Entertainments vastly sumptuous ; lest his Luxury should be imperfect in any one respect (ingenies epularum apparatus). Appello, AS. 1. I will approach her and speak to her. In truth, Madam, I do not think any Man in the world loves his I.ady so ten- derly as my Master does you (hanc appellaho). Ita Gne :i ovoixol^bi)^ riva, pro alloquiy sermonem institiiere cum aiiquo. •: " ' ' 9. To m ike me your Debtor, you must do something for me in particular. You cannot call upon any one for that which you scatter amongst the People {qxiemqiiani appellare) : tanquam dehitorem. 3. The Belly hears no Precepts : it asks, it calls uponyoiL Yet it is no troublesome Cre- ditor, it is satisfied with a little ; provided you give it what you ought, not what you may be able (appellat). 4. Care should be taken that the Penalty be proportioned to the nature of the Crime :, 5ind that some be not punished for the same misde- 44 The peculiar Use and Signification misdemeanours, zvhich others are not so much as questioned for (de quibus, 8(c. appellentur ) , Appello, is. 1. The unfortunate Captive wa^ said to be landed in one of those Places (dicebaLur appulsa). 2. Dionysius, having put in xvith his Fleet at Peloponnesus, and entered the Tem:ple Ju- piter, disrobed his Statue of a golden Mantle ot great weight, which Gelo the Tyrant had (out of the Spoils of the Carthaginians) be- stowed upon it (ciim ad Peloponnesum clasicm appulisset ). Appeto, 1. He was so little curious in his diet, that his Host having served up a Dish with a sort of Unguent, instead of the best Oil, he eat more heartily than ordinary of it^ rather than seem to tax his Landlord of being a sloven (largius appeteref). Phaedrus lib. 5. fab. 4. Tiium libenter prorsiis appeterem cibumy Nisi qui nutritus illo est, jugulatus foret, 2. When they had marched 'till they came in sight of the Po, and Night drezo on apace, he gave orders to mark out a Camp, and entrench themselves ( appetebat). Appono. 1 I think it by no means the part of a Gentleman, when he does a man a courtesy, to desire to have it reckoned to him as an obligation (id sibi gratia apponi), ^. Neither let the Seller suborn any one to bid high for his Goods, and enhance their Prices 5 ' of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 45 Prices ; nor the Purchaser any one to bid un- der the vakie, and so beat them down lower (apponat qidj : h. e. alkget, immittat, subor- 7iet. 3. C N^viiis, a most profligate young Fel- low,, is suborned to be the Accuser of these Men (his apponitur). Fotuisset dicere ponltur, quo- ?nodo in Epistolis Joquitiir. 4. When his Father returned, he set Go- t>er?iors over hiin^ to reclaim him from his former way of living : but he, not able to endure such a change in his course of life, threw himself from the top of the House, and so ended his Days ( apposnit ei custodes), 5. Supper zvas served up : you supped with me : I laid down by you on the same Couch (apposita est). It a et siviptex Pono iisnrpatur. Ph'dedr. 1 26. v. 5. Illi in patinA liqnidam posnisse sorbitionem. Inferiusv. 8. Intrito cibo plenani lagenam posuit. Appositus. 1. What Nature requires is of easy purchase, and ready at hand : We labour after things superfluous (appositnm). 2. Boldness is not contrary to Assurance, but lies near it, and is neighbour to it : and yet is a Fault (Audacia, 8(c. apposita est). Apprehendo. 1. Vines lay hold of Vrops with their Tendrils as with Hands ; and erect themselves just as if they were Animals : moreover, if they are planted near Cabbages or Coleworts, it is said they will not touch them 46 The peculiar Use and Signification them in the least, but avoid them as things hurtful and pestiferous (sic claviculis, &ic. tan- qiiam, &^c. apprehejidunt). ^. As soon as the Child saw the two Ser- pents, he immediately leaps out of the Cra- dle, makes directly at them, and seizes one with one Hand^ and the other with the other (alterum alter A apprehendit manii), Approeo. 1. SimoirideSy the Poet, agreed with a certain Champion that had carried the Prize, to make a Copy of Verses in his praise," at such a price. He performed the JVork to his liking (opus approbavit) : nempe homM. 9,: Germanicus made a strict Enquiry into the Conduct of the Centurions : He examined them one by one ; each of them was obliged to tell his Name, his Country, what Company he commanded, how long he had served, what Actions he had done in War ; and they who had been honoured with any Mi- litary Presents, shewed them. In short, if any Legion, any Tribune had given a satis- factory Account their Probity and Diligence^ they were continued in their Stations : and on the contrary, he degraded those who were accused by. common Fame, either of Covetousness, or Cruelty: and- in this man-' ner the Sedition was appeased ( approbave- rant ) ; German ico n im i riiin . 3. The Gods are ■pro'pQvly S2i\d to approve (apprf hare) those things to which they afford their Divine Favour and Assistance, ; ■ ■ 4. May ef etrtain Words in the Latin Tongue. 47 4. Alav the Gods, O Romans, prosper what }-ou are upon (approbtnt), 5. It is^ reasonable that we render ever- lasting Thanks to the Gods, since thev pros- per and grace our Piety (approhent). 6. As ye expect that I should effectually bring about and raake good to ye all things that ye desire, I require of ye a favourable attention to our Play (me vobis approhare). Loquitur Mercurius. Apte. 1. He led the Balearians, and the rest of the light-armed Soldiers, behind the Mountains : his Horse he posted at the very entrance of the Passage, where the little Hills handsomely covered them (tumidis aptl tegenti- bus). Aptus. 1. Many things were spoke by Balbus, though not absolutely true, yet con- nected and cohering one with another (apta inter sej. v. '" 2. In the midst of this mighty Entertain- ment, he ordered a drawn Sword, hcmging by a Horse-hair, to be let down from the Ceil- ing, so as to point at the Head of this happy Man (seta equina aptumj. 3. It was a pretty saying of the Spartan^ who, when a Merchant was bragging that he had sent out Ships to all the Sea-coasts, re- plied; That Fortune is not very desirable which is tacked upon Cables (rudentihus apta), Aebitratus. 1. The next Day the prin- cipal 4S The peculiar Use and Signification cipal Men of the Town, with Tears in their Eyes, came to implore our Fity^ and surrcri' dtr themselves, their City, Wives, and Chil- dren at discretion (in ariJitraium dediintj, Arbitrium. i. Answer w s made, that if the Ficte' would wait their time, and leave Ike Redress of their Injury to the Discretion of the Senate, they w^onld soon after be glad they had governed their Passion (arbUrimn- que Senatiii levando^ injurice suce permitiant ). ^. The Salt-licence, because it was sold at an exceeding high Price, was taken from private Men (Salts rendendi arbitrium). Arceo. 1 Our Passions, like Slaves, are to he bound in Chains and kept under Guard (vinclis ac ciistodid arcendi) : h. e. vinciendi, €07istringendi, ^c. 2. In Man is the Dominion of all the Goods of the Earth : We enjoy the Fields and the Mountains : the Puvers and the Lakes are ours : We sow Corn, and plant Trees : we render the Ground fruitful by the turn- ing in of Water ; bound, direct, or divert Ri^ vei's, as we think good (flumina arcenius), Arripio. 1. He had a strong Inclination 1 to learning : the Study of which though he \ took to xvhen in Years, yet he made such a Progress in it, that it was hard to find any thing, either of the Greek or Roman Affairs, tut what he knew ( etsi senior arripuerat ). % An honest Endeavour to rescue out €f certain Words in ike Latin Tongue. 49 Life from imminent danger, is a Law not written, but born with us ; which we have not learnt, received, read, but imbibed^ draicn^ copied from Nature herseh" ( arripuimus^y hau- sim us, expressim us ) . 3. Socrates in Xenoplwn demands, whence zve had our Soul f and I ask too, how we came by Speech, by numbers, by singing ( un- de animam arripuerimus) , Ars. Artes. L Their Way of conquer- ing was quite different ; the Son carried oa his Wars by open force, the Father Stra- tagem. One loved to trick an Enemy under- hand, the other to defeat him in the Field by Bravery (artibus) : h.e. occultis consiliis, 2. Lie hated him for his Riches, for his na- iiiral Endoicments mid moral Perfections ; and for the ReputaLion which these had 2:ained him with the People ( artes egregiasj, 3. By these two Virtues, CourzgQ in time of War, and Equity in Peace, the Romans ad- vanced their State (Duahus his artibus). AsCENDO. L A Messenger being sent to him into Sicily by the Magistracy to return home ; he refused not to obey, and zcent on board the Trireme that was sent to convey him fet in Trireniem ascendit). ASPICIO. L Datam€s Vv^as in the Fleet as a private Man ; yet he had greater Autho- rity than any that were in Command, and F the so Tht peculiar Use and Sigtufication " the Soldiers respected him more than their Officers ^ aspiciehant ) . ASSECTOR. 1. Upon this, Cussar courted Pompey's Friendship by all the good Offices imaginable ; whom he knew to have been dis- gusted at the Senate, for having delayed the Ratification of what he had decreed his Sol- diers, after his Victory over Mithridates (om- 7iibiis officiis Pomp, affectains est). ASSENTOR. 1. Do you also agree with Iier, iind tallc as she does P R. Y/hat would you have me do ? Do not you know the old Saying, Cross a Madman and you make him ten times more mad (Asseniaris huic) h. e. obsequeris, morem geris, ASSEQUOR. 1. Old age, pursuing close be- hind, overt alics MS in the race ( ass e quit ur ) . 2. This Liquor is called Hi/dromel, and by gets the very taste of Wine ; and no place affords better than Phrygia (saporem assequi- iur). 3. Since we find by Experience that there have been but few Men found, who have been able worthily to recount the Actions of great Heroes and potent States ; can any Man have so good an Opinion of his own Talents, as to think himself able to reach these glorious and wonderful Works of Almighty God, by any Language, any Style ( iillis se verbis, aut Stylo assequi posse) F AssiDUlTAS. 1, Ti^^riiis resolved to retire and cf certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 51 and get out of the way as far as he could : whether it was that hti was sick of his AVife, whom he durst not divorce, and could no long- er bear 3 or that by avoiding the ckeap?iess, ichich being perpeiuallii present, and ativays in sight, occasions y he might by his Absence im- prove and encrease his Authority, against the Public stood in need of him (-citato assidin- tatis fastidio). Assidiiitas de iis dicittir, qni as- sidue in medio sunt: nuncjuam non ob oculos tei'-sanlur. 2.. He had certainly died, had it not been for the perpetual Presence and constant at- tendance of the Physician ( assidAiitas). AssiDUUS. 1. Being perpetually about the Schools and Auditories of the Professors ; there happened once a terrible Brawl a- mongst the Disputants ; in v/hich one of them did not scruple to make a scurrilous Re- flection upon him (cian circa, <5vc. assiduus e^setj. 2. It is no difficult matter for me to name many, either of my Tribe or N^'eighbourhood, who have desired that their Children should be perpeiuallii employed in Husbandry (agricolas assiduos esse). ASSUETUS. 1 The Vultures, being Birds accustomed to Blood and Rapine, portended that the City would prove martial (asmetce sanguine). ASTRICI US. 1. Their Bodies are made to F 2- sustain S2 The peculiar Use and Signification sustain Hunger and all sorts of Fatigue : their Minds are inured to a contempt of Death. A rigid strict Farsimony runs through all fdnra omnibus et adstri^ta parsimonia ). Atque. 1. As soon as I came to the Port, immediately I spied my old Friend Philocra- tes (atque). Virg. 1. Georg. 262. — si hrachia forte remisit^ Atque ilium in prceceps prom rapit ah ens amni. ^. 1 do not like the Contrivance at all : But it pleases them hugely (atque) : h. e. ve- rilm., aXkk. - Atrox. 1. ¥7e have sent our Letters to the Duke of Savoy, whe?ein we have most importunately besought him to spare those miserable People, who implore his Mercy, and that he mould no longer svffer that most rigid Edict to be in force ( iUmlque atrox edic- ium porrh esse ratiim ne sinat). Attendo. 1. This Plot could not be long concealed from him. For he was a Man of that Sagacity, that it was impossible to deceive him ; especially when he had bent his mind upon taking Q'diXz (animum attendisset ad Kc.) Attentus. 1. Such abominable wicked- ness does not usually spring up in a saving, frugal, country Life (attenta) : ad rem nempe. AttiNET. 1. We ought to follow that kind of Study, and apply ourselves to that course of Life, which is most agreeable to our own ef certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 53 own Inclinations : for it is to no purpose to struggle against Nature (neqne enim aitinet). 2. The Grand-child of P. Crassus, as also the Sons and Grandsons of many other ex- cellent Persons, whom it is no zvays vfietterial to name, have been very great Villains (ni^ hit atiinet). Attribuo. 1. To indulge Grief, and to add our own misery to the loss of our Friends, is to love them better than they would have loved us if they were sensible (atti^ihuere ad amissionem.) 2. He encouraged his Men to behave them- selves bravely, and appointed everi/ Mail his^ particular Post, promising each private SoU dier four Acres of Land out of his own Es- tate, and the like proportion to every Cen- turion and Volunteer (certasque ciiique par^ tes attribuit). AVERTO. 1. When we signify only to your Highnesses that she is a Widow, that she is in great want, the Mother of many small Children, all ivhose Fortunes almost her Cre- ditor endeavours fraudadently to carrij off , we cannot believe we need make use of any Arguments to your Highnesses ta persuade ye not to grant any such Privilege to the sub- vertcr of the Widow's Right (cujiis omnes prope foriunas axeriere conatur) : adse nempCy ad nios usus. Vide CONVERTO. 2. P^?//2/)n/5 incited by Omr's Adversaries, F 3 and. BA' The peculiar Use and Signification and not knowing how to endure any equal in Dignity, broke off all 7nanner of Friendship with hijn^ and joined with their common Ene- mies f totimi se ah ejus amicitid averteratj. AUCTOR. 1. For me to become a new married Man in the sixty-fifth Year of my Age, and marry an old decrepid Woman ! Would you advise me to thai ( idne estis auctores mi hi) ut faciam nevipe. 2. ¥/hen I resided at Athens^ I was, and that hy the advice of Philo himself, a diligent Hearer of %eno, whom he called the Prince of the Epicureans (et quidem ipso auctore Philone). 3. You, my Son, are engaged in a most noble and antient Philosophy, under the Tu- torage and Instruction of Cratippus, who is- hardly inferior to its most glorious Founders (Craiippo auctore). 4. If these Kings were prudent and vvise,., as well as just and honest, the People thought there was nothing they might not obtain by their CoJiduct and Management fiis auctoribus). 5. Nurna Pompilius, a Man not so rnuch as a Citizen of Rome, was sent for out of the Sa- bine Country, and by the Peoples Voices,^ and Assent of the Senators, made King of Rome (Populijussu, Patrihus auc(orib-us). 6. As Volero was the Inventor of this Law, so Latorius, his Colleague, was the Approver and Encour a ser oi It (auctor). - - ^ Licinius certain Words in the Latin Tongue. S5 7- Licinius Islacer mforms ns that the Names of these Consuls were found both in the League with the People o( Ardea, and in the linen Books in the Temple of Monet a (auctor est). 8. Pythagoras was in Italy w^hen L. Bru- tus^ the noble Founder of your honourable Family, set his Country at Liberty (pr^^ciarus auctor). 9. Should you ask me what God is, I tvould imitate ike Example- of Sinicnides Who upoii /Hero's putting the same Question to him, craved a Day's time to consider of it; and being called upon the next Day, desired tvvT) more; still doublino;his number of Days so often, that the Tyrant wondering at it,.^ asked the reason of his so doing. Whereupon: he told him., the more he thought of it, the - harder the Matter appeared to him to be re- solved (auciore utar Si'moiiid.e). AUCTORITAS. 1. Since you went to Athens^. as to a Mart s'f good Literature, it will be^ scandalous for you to return empty, disgrac- ing the Reputation both of the City and your Master ( auctor it at em). AUCTUS. I. Being advanced by the change of Government^ they were more willing tor embrace the present Slavery, with an assured prospect of Ease and Quiet, than to run the hazard of new Dangers for the Recovery of" their antient Freedom (Novis ex rebus aucti)^ % Titus- The peculiar Use and Signification 2. Titns returned to his Father with a Mind exalted bj what the Oracle had told him ( aiicto animo ). AUDEO. 1. They do not come into the Field against us because they are bold and brave, but because there is a Necessity for it (aiidentj. 2. He had put the Latin Colonies upon some desperate Attempt, if the Consuls had not awed him by keeping the Legions up in Arms about the City (ad andendum all- giiidj. Audio, l. In this Forum Thetis s Father- in - La w ju dge ( a udit ) . 2. Certain Persons were appointed to hear the Complaints of Slaves against their Mas- ters ( qui audirent de ) : loco scil. qucesiioruniy judiciim. 3. What do you think People zuould have said of Ulysses (Quid audi iurum pufas fuisse Ulyssem), if he had continued in his pre- tended Madness ; since though he performed the most glorious Deeds in War, he has these Reproaches thrown upon Jinn by Ajax ( iuec an- diat ab JJace J f 4. M. Crassiis was thick of hearing ; and (what is worse) heard ill, and, as I thought, wrongnilly (ynal^ audiebat). 5. Unaccustomed to be ill-spoken of he could 3lot easily be r the reproachful Speeches of those, who b. t a little before had praised him to the Skies (Insuetus mall audiendi). 6. Through f)f certain Words in ike Latin Tongue. 57 6. Throng] I their disohedience to the Orders of their Coinmanders, and by leaving their Ships unmanned^ they came into the power of their Enemies ( 2ucd dtcto audientes impe- raiorihus suis non erani). 7. Though he v.' as in the Career of Victory, yet being recalled, he returned Home, and teas obedie^it to the Orders .of the Magistrates ( dicto cmdiens fv. ii jussis). '. AUDiTO. ]. Their Custom is to stop Tra- ^vellers and Passengers, and enquire of them they have either heard or know con- cerning any thing that has happened. By these. Rumours and Heo:rsays they take all their measures in things of the greatest con- cern f aiLddtionilnts ) . AUFERO. 1. This is the Reward //2^zre^Y;# for my good Deeds fabstuti). 2. Caesar breaking down the Bridge, hi?!' dered the Enemy's Flight (fugam abstulitj : h. e. impediit, prcecidit. 8. Cyrus swore that he would bring the River that hindered his Passage to that pasSj. that even Women should be able to wade it (commeatiun aiifereniem) : h. e. transitum. 4. As a Fox was rummaging among many carved Figures, there was, one very extraor- dinary Piece among the rest. Fie took it up, and when he considered it awhile. Well, (says he) what Pity it is, that so exquisite an out- side of a Head should not have one grain of Sense in it. This is applicable to those to whoiu 58 The peculiar Use and Signification whom Fortune his given Honour and Glory, but taken aivay common Sense ( abstulit ) : h. e. non t ribii it : n u lla impert iit. 5. Govern all things v^ith your ov^n Pru- dence : let not the Counsels of others carry you aivay. No one can advise you better than yourself (te auferant) : h. e. corrumpani, d rectd sententid demoveajit. 6. For this heinous Fact Horatins was im- peached ; but Merit brought off the Offender (abstulit): h. e. le gibus eripuit^ lit loquitur Cicero. 7. We went to Ccesar : we spoke in be-- half of the Buthrotians : we obtained a most gracious Decree ( absiidimus ) . 8. Pansa not only assured me, but engaged his Word, that he zvould very shortly get the Letters Patent for your return (se ablaturumj : h. e. d Ca^sare impetraturum, 9. I got twenty Pounds of your Husband by a Trick : those 1 gave your Son ; and he gave them to Dorio for his Mistress ( abstuli), 10. Dear Father, let me prevail upon you to do it. M, Are you mad? Aivay (Aufer) te. 11. Unless they do what is reasonable for them to do, they shall not car7y it off sa ( aufer ent ). 12. He shall never carry off these things undiscovered. I had rather die immediately than not tell his Wife of them (tacita aufcretj. AUTEM. of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. $^ AUTEM. 1. They who give more than their Estates will allow, are in the first Place in- jurious to their own Relations, by bestowing that Wealth upon other People which should rather have been given or left to them. Be- sides, this sort of Liberalify is usually accom- panitd ivith Oppression ( Inest auicm in tali liberalitate) . B. BEAT US. 1. Let Kings, and the Tri- umphs of Kings, and the rich Bank of Golden Sand Tngus give the Precedence to Poetry fbeata). Sic beatus est dives, copiosus. Bene. 1. He has owed me fcr these eight- een Years a considerable sinn of Money ( pe- cuniam. ben} magnam). 2. These, ivitkagoodmany more of my Poe- tical Performances, at my departure from the City I cast into the Fire with my own Hand (sicut benh mult a). 3. Few came over from C^sar to Pompey ; but they deserted in great Kumbers every Day from Pojnpey to Cicsar (hen}, &ic. perfugie- bant). Sic bona pars, pro magna pars. 4. How much soever it cost, that which is necessary is xcell bought (beni) : contra, imli emptce ^des apud Flaut, h. e, cart. §. When #0 The peculiar Use and Signifimtion 5. When an Acquaintance, that I had not seen for a long time, came to visit me, ive fared well fbenh eratj. Beneficium. 1. He was suspected of en- deavouring to stir up the People to a Mutiny bj/ the means of certain Centurions of his own prcm9ting ( per sid heneficii Centuriones) : h. e. quos suo ipse benefcio ad eiini ordinem provex- erat. Benigne. 1. Pray -eat my Pears {says the 'Calabrian Host). I have eat enough. But take wnth you as many as you will. / thank you as much as if I did. It will be an ac- ceptable Present to your Children at Home. I am as much obliged to you as if you sent me away loaded (Bcjiign^J. Benigni est mo- desth et prudenter rejicientis. 2. May ail the Gods hate me, Father, if I do not love you more than my Eyes. M. "What, more than Pamphila ? JE. As well. M. I am mighlilif obliged to you (Ferbenigne), BONUM. 1. It is a great Mistake in any one to think, that because Arist-ippus or So- crates said or did such things, therefore he may be allovv^ed the same Liberty : for these Persons attained that Privilege by great and almost Divine Qualifications (bonis), 2!. The chief Excellencies of the Body are Beauty, Strength, Plealth, Nimbleness, &;c. (bona). 3. She had nothing to set her off: her Hair of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 6 1 Hair about her Ears, her Feet bare, her Cloaths unbecoming : so that unless there had been a world of Excellence in her natural Beauty, these Circumstances would have ut- terly effaced it (ut ni vis boni in ipsa inesset forma, hccc for mam extinguerent). 4. Justice and Equity bore sway amongst the Romans, not so much because of their Laws, as from the natural Disposition of ^ the People (Jus bonimique). c. CADO. 1. Since they themselves have hurt- nobody designedly, no Hurt can happen to them deservedly (ipsis cadere). Q.' The ^ first Design hath come to jzotfiing, which was to have stopt C^cina^^ March out of Gallia : but he having passed the Alps, the next thijig to be done was to hinder his mak- ing Incursions into Jtaly (Prima consiliorum frust ra cecideran t ) . 3. lie that is liable to (In quern cadit) fear, is liable also to discontent and dejection of Mind : and he that is liable to these, liable also to be a Slave (in eunclem cadit ut, &ic.) 4. Was Man a Creature who might be looked into, and all his inward Parts d-is^ covexcd, zvoidd the Soul, think yoii^ be visible ; G or. 62 The peculiar Use aiid Signification or, by reason of its extraordinary subtlety, escape the Sight (casurusne in conspectiun vi- de at ni^ animus) f C^REISIONIA. L What Punishment ought to be inflicted upon him that has perfidiously polluted the inviolable Sancti I rj of an Embassy ( Ct£remoniam ) ? CyETER, A, UM. 1. E. Have you any far- ther Service for me? P. To be gone out of my sight as fast as you can. (Numquici me vis cceterum ? ) 2. Excepting only that you was not with iTie, in other respects I lived very pleasantly at my Tusculan House (ccetera). Idem quod cetera in illo Horatii : Excepto quod non simul esses, cetera Iceius. (h. e. ad ccetera.) 3. C. Quintius was the Brother of this P. Quintius : in other things indeed a prudent and frugal Master of a Family, but in one respect not quite so considerate as he should have been; for that he entered into Partnership with Sextiis Nccvius { aster arum rerurn ) : In 7iegoiio nimirwn. Calamitas. 1. He w^ent over the Coun- try, not as a Legate of the Roman People, but like a sort of Hail-storm, destroying all be- fore him (quasi quocdam calamitas). Callidus. 1. I term those loitiy fversu- tos) that have a readiness of wit to give a dif- ferent turn to every thing ^ and those crafty^ whose of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 63 whose Minds are grown callous by habit and use, as jSIen's Hands are by working ( calUdos aiilem). 2. What Artificer, save only Nature, than which nothing can be inore skilful, could ever, have attained unto and discovered so much Art, as is in the Senses (callidius) P Cano. i. Epaminondas, the greatest Man of Greece in my Judgment, is reported to have played singularly well upon the Lute (ceci- nisse). 2. The Trumpets sound : the Valleys echo ; the Soldiers shout on all Sides: the Generals send their Prayers to Jove, and every where encourage their Men (canunt). CaPIO. 1. What Lust, what Avarice, v/hat Villainy is either set upon without Delibera- tion'^ or acccmiplished, but by that Motion of the Mind, that Cogitation, termed Reason ( nisi ccnsilio captoJ.P 2. They ransacked Sea and Land to grati- fy their Appetite : they went to sleep, be- fore they were sleepy : they waited not for Hunger, Thirst, Gold, Y^^eariness, but pre- vcnzed them all with their Luxury fsed ea c ?n- iiia luxu ant^ capere). 5. The deliberating about the Execution of c. thing imder consideration, is threefold, i^irst, we deliberate whether the thing be Honest : Secondly, whether it be Profitable : and Thirdly, what is to be done, when that thing 0^2 vvhich ' 64 The peculiar Use and Signification which seems to be profitable, comes into com-- petition with that which is honest (conyilii capiendi deliheratio ) , ConsiHum capere Jiic est exequi de liber alum, rem facere de qua deli- herabatur^ uti docet J. F, Groiioviiis : at qui v ir I — 4. Simiis and Crito have a difference about some Lands : they have chese me their Reiere© (ceptre). 5. Although he was many times chief Com- mander of the Forces of his Qom\ixy, and bore the highest Offices, in the City ; yet is he much, more known for Integrity of Life than for Mihtary Exploits (summosqiie magisiraius ce- 6.. C. Rufus ivas the first of that Family who obtained a Magistracy by popular Vote ( pri- mus cepit). 7. Pharnabaziis gave him Griinium, a For- tress in Phrygia, from which he received fiity Talents j/^'^?-/?/ Income (quotannis capiebat). 8. Poverty was so easy a thing to him to bear, that Glory ivas the only Advantage he made of the Common-v/ealtli Y^zz'A// de^ prdcter gloriam ceperit). Careo. L Lie lived as King among them, though he had?iotthi Name fquamvis carebat J. 2. -Why did I conceive it possible for me to leave ^hQ Scythian Borders, and enjoy a hap- pier Country? Why did I ever hope any thing favourably of myself ? (posse me careref 3. Flints of certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 65 3. Flints, and the tooth of the solid Plough waste by Ti:iie : but Verses are deathless (ca^ rent morte) 4. Had Sophocles said these Words at a time when they were choosing Wrestlers or Racers, he could not jiistli) hace been blamed (just a reprehensione caruissetj. 5. I would have all who relate to me as free from the Suspicion as the Guili of an ill Action (tarn suspicione, Sic, car ere). ^ 6. As for the contrary Faction, some they banished; amongst whom this Adrianus ivas an Exile (pair id carebat). Cx\STlGO. 1. The graver sort and most con- siderate reproached tfiemselves for their oicn Credulily : they -argued the danger and con- fusion they should have been in if Ccecina had been there, and how easy it would have been for him with such an Army to have hemmed in a few Troops, in the midst of an open Country (castigare credulitatem suCLm ) . Ca-TCS. 1. I have a mis^htv desire to see you, and to die in your Embraces; since neither the Gods, that you have most religi- oushi ivorshipped, nor iJen, that I have served, have made me any return (castissim^ coluistij. Casus. 1 Knowing the death of Epami- nondas \\o\\\d be the safety of their Country, they turned their whole force upon him, and would not leave him, 'till after a great Slaughter on both Sides, and a brave resist- G 3 ance 65 The pecidiar Use and Signification ance made by him himself ; they saw him^. wounded with a Dart, drop to the Ground. Upon his fall, the Boeotians were somewhat disheartened (Iliijus casu). Caveo. 1. He never would accept of In- heritances that were left him by such as had Children. He made void a testamentary Legacy of Bosciiis Ca^pio, who had provided mid ordered in his IVill, That his Heir should' every Year distribute a certain Sum of Money to the Senators, as they entered the Senate f caverat) : testamento nimirura. ^. There was a League made between you and us by Lutatius the Consul, in which Provision is made for the Aliies of both Na- tions fcaveiur, 8(c. sociisj. 3, I earnestly recommend to you L. Fa-^ lerius, the Lawyer: nay though he be nc^ Lawyer. For I am for mailing securer pro-- vision for Zv^)/7,than he uses for others (melius' cnini ei caver e volo, Kc.) 4. Why do you come away from her? S. I- am going to call the Midwife. P. Make- hasie. But do you hear? Take care you da not say a word about the Marriage (verbum unuvi cave.) Causa. L E. But where is Stratippocles ? T. There is a reason zvhij he durst not come home with me. E. Prithee what is it? T. He has no Desire to be seen by his Father. {Est causa qua causa,) Sic causa, quamobrem,. 2. What f^f certain Words in the Latin Tongue, 67.: 2. What can he said, why I should not march directly hence into the Mill-House f Quid ccmsce est ) f 3. Have you any Reason to alledge, why I should not divorce you, and deprive vou of your dowrv (Nunqnid causam dicis, giii?ijp 4. If it be so, th^ui-Antipko has committed any thing, ''vhereby he may appear to have been regardless of his Reputation, / say no- 'thing for him, but that he mjay suffer what he has deserved (non causam dicoj : h. e. no?i recuso^ non deprecor, Donatus. 5. As soon as we were come into our Aca- demy, j bid any one of them that were pre- sent propose a Subject to debate upon (causam disserendi). 6 This Suspicion he shortly alter conrirmedJ by his sudden return to Bithynia, upon pre-- fe';?c'e' of getting up a debt due to a Libertine> his Ghent ( per causam). " 7. Romutus, when he killed his Brother^. pretended for an Excuse, that he leaped over his new-raised Walls vvith Contempt ( Cau-^ sam inferposuit). • - \- ' ■ -/ ; 8. 2. Pompeius, who was in the same Faulty made Interest to be excused from the same Punishment ; and by that means escaped it (in eddem causd). 0. After their return Home, his Colleagues being impeached upon this Crime, he per-- mitted them to cast the wkok Blame of tke^ ' 68 IVie peculiar Use and Significatwii thing upon him, and to plead that it was wholly through his means they had not obeyed the Law ( oninem iit in se iransferrent can- sum) t h. e. culpam. 10. Though "^hQ Sucvi w'Qvt not able to ex- pel the lJi)ii out of their Country, yet they made them their Tributaries, and mlghfeily weakened their Power. In the same Con- dition and Circumstances were the Usipetes and Tenchtheri (in eddein causa). 1 1. Regulus was in a better Conditio?!, even when in his Torture by being kept awake, than he would have been had he stayed at home, and lived under the Scandal of being perjured fer^at in meliore causa). V2. His Case, who straggles at present under some pressing Necessity, . is different from his, who is well enough to pass, and only desires to be in better Circumstances (Alia causa est ejus, 8(c. et ejus, Sic. J 13. There frequently haiJpm a great manij Cases which disturb Men's Minds, and put them into Suspence, v/hether they may ho- nestly do this or that thing (Incidunt ScCpe mult a causae). 14. Those that use to be seized with the Falling-Sickness, find when it is coming by the warmth forsaking their extreme Parts, by the dimness of their Eyes, the trembling of their Nerves, and failure of their Memory : therefore with the usual Remedies ihey pre- vent of certain Words in ihc Latin Tongue. 69 vent the Disease itself in its rise (incipient em caiisam occupant) : h, e. ipsam valetudinemy ipsmn morhuni comitialem, aWlau. 15. Could you that have been attacked with so many Sicknesses and Distempers, think that you liad brought forth a Son that would live tor ever (causis). Causor. 1. He ordered his Brother to be suddenly murdered by a Tribune of his Sol- diers ; pretendint^ for an Excuse^ \\\2,\. \\q did not folIoYv him to sea, -when he embarked in a tempestuous Season fcausaius). 2. He prepared ( Adornavit) a Fleet, he provided his Equipage, he set on Foot an Army of choice Soldiers, as if tliey were to folio V/ him to the Wars, and be ready to march : somcllynes excusing his Joinmeif by the approach of W later \ and at other times hij the muiLiplicity of Business which intervened (mo?: liyemem^ inox\ 8(c. cansatas). Cautio. 1. LesL he should come to know that I have a Child by her, is a point to be taken care of ( cautie est) : h. canto opus est. Cedo. 1. The Power of Pompey and Cras- siis ivas soon transferred to Ccesar\ and the Arms of Lepidus and Antony to Augustus fcilh in Ccesarcni J Lepidif ^'c. in Augustuni cesscre). 2. Withdraw, C^/?7/;zt': go into Banishment. But wherefore do I talk ? That you should be shocked with your ov/n Vices^ that you should 70 The peculiar Use and Significalian should fear the Penalties of the Laws ; t/iaf yoii should submit to what the present Stale of the llepnhlic requires^ is a thing not to be expected. For you are none of those, Cati- line^ that either Shame can restrain from Baseness, or Fear from Hazard, or Reason from Rage (iit ternporihus reip. cedas). Celebro. 1. Some of the Soldiers killed themselves at Otho'?, Funeral Pile, not moved hy consciousness of any guilt, or fear of liv- ing, but purely out of love to their Master, and Ambition to die as honorably as he had done. And afterwards at Bedriacumy Placentia^ and in other Camps where his Party lay, ihs same sort of death was frequent (celehratmn id genus mortis). Censeo. i. ^What shall :ce i?nagi?ie of that dder Dionysius f With what eternal fears and apprehensions must he need be racked, when daring^ not to venture his Throat to any Razor, he was forced even to singe off his Beard with Coals ? What of Alexander^ who was surnamed the Fhxr^Eanf In v/hat torment must he perpetually live ; when (as it is usually reported of liim) he dared not so much as rise from Table and go to his own Wife Thebe's Chamber, without a Barba- rian to lead the v/ay with his naked Sworcl : and used to dispatch some of his Guards be- fore him, to search the Cloaths and coffers the Y/omen^ for fear any Weapon should of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 71 be concealed within them ! O miserable and :i unhappv Man, who could think a Barbarian , wculd be more faithful to him than his own ' Wife. (Quid ccn: o -LXdt) . - Q. Because I have had experience of your Courage and Fide lit ij to me upon many im- portant occasions, therefore I shall venture to undertake the greatest and most glorious Acti .n in conjunction with you (los cognofi fo rtes , fidosq u e m ihi) . 3. He defended King Archelaus and the Thessalians, Augustus sitting Judge fcognoS" eente • : nonpe pro Jrihunali. 4> Though I had all other Qualifications H 3 in 78 The pecidiar Use and Sigiiificatmt in perfection, yet I have scarce had time enough to be able to inform myself truly of the nature and state of so great a Cause (tan- iani rem cognoscere). Sic discit causam,^?^z° defensurus est : docet, cujus res agitury cum pro se acturum instridt. J. F. Gron. 5. Ccesar after his Victory suffered none of Pompey\ Party to come into Italy, except- ing such whose excuse lie had himself accepted (nisi quorum ipse cans am cognovisset) . Vide- JsTosco. 6. It is worth the while to observe and con- sider the zealous Affections of the Freed-men^ who having by their Industry purchased the Fortune of the City, judge this to be their own Country ; which some born here in the: highest Rank have judged not their Coun- try, but an Enemy's City (iihertinorum homi- num studia cognosccre), 7. After the Ephori had perused the Let- ter, they gave it Lysander himseli to read- (cognosctnt). His Hie Uteris cognitis. Idem. 8. Alcihiades understanding this by the Wife of King Agis, whose gallant he Iiad been, fled to Tissaphernes, Darius s Dc^wi^ ( qiianv eognoverat "COGO. 1. The Senate being assembled in a oreat hurry upon this Riot, called Casar into the Court, and highly extolled him for the Service he had done : repealed the former Decree, and restored him to his Place (festi- mitb coacius). 2. What qf certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 79 2. What is it to recollect one's-self, but to rally the scattered and disordered parts of the Soul into their proper Place again (cogere) f V COLLATIO. 1. By not only accepting, but even demanding Contributions^ he almost ex- hausted the Provinces and Estates of private^ Persons ( collationes ) . COLLOCATIO. 1. Those are truly liberal^ that redeem Prisoners, or help their Friends and Acquaintance out of Debt, or assist them in getting their Daughters Husbands (infilia- \\ nim collocatione) : nuptiini nempe . COLLOCO. 1. Casting all other Business^ aside, they put. themselves rcholly upon search- ing out the best state of Life ( totos se in, &,'Co. collocaruntj. 2. The Gratitude of i\Ien, as a requital; for his Services, placed Hercules in the As- sembly of the Gods (in consilium collo^'avit ) . COLLOQUOR. 1. .4^??;/. Wife, I would talk ivith you. Why do you turn away from me ?' Al. It is my way so to serve my EnemJes ( te colloqui). I Colo. 1. The Maurusii Iroe (colunt) r\Q2.t the Ocean^ towards Gades. The Aborigines^ w^ere the first Inhabitants of Italy (ciiliores), COMMEATUS. 1. Since we are shortly to have a War far from Hom.e, and it is uncer- tain when you Aviil see again your Houses^ and whatsoever there is dear to you ; if any of you have a mind to visit your Friends, I give you leave to he absent ( commeatum do). COMMEREO t 80 The peculiar 'Use ' and Significaiion COMMEREO: COMMEREOB. 1. He would say, Wherein have I done amiss, or offended. Father ? [ hindered one that was going to thr w herself into the Fire : I saved her Life. (quid coimneriu ? ) 2. I never to my knowledge did any thing whereby she might deservedly conceive an aversion for me (comrnerui). 3. Your Wife has done iioihing amiss, nor deserved any Blame in this matter (iiiillam commeruii ctdpam), 4. Hov/ can J use her ill, who never did any thing to me that displeased me (erga me commeriiaesi ) ; and has, \ am sure, often done /merita what has been very pleasing to me ? Mereri bona dicimus : Ccmmereri ?nala. Donatus. COMMITTO. 1. The Enemies of Religion despaired of breaking your united Forces by any other means lha?i setting you at variance 07ie with another f qii am si vos inter vos com- mi sis sent J. 2. As we never ought, by avoiding Dan- gers, so to manage 3.S to be thought faint-heart- ed and Cowards : so, on the other hand, care- should be taken that we thrust not ourselves into hazards and difficulties ( committenduni est) 3. It is an argument of a merciless Tem- per, to bring many in danger of their Lives by Accusations. As this is dangerous to the Person of certaf/i Jl'ords in the Lalin Tongue. SI Person himself, so ii is scandalous to o^t liini' If the name of an Accuser (se co/nnu'ttere Sc. nominciurj. 4. Since all things are thus plentifully sup- plied for your Improvement in Virtue and Learning, neve?^ lei it he tJiotight that you have been wanting to yourself (nc commiitas ut^ t>ic. vide are J. 5. Yvlioever obeys Xature and right Rea- son, icill never he siuilty of covetin'j- what is another's or what had been iniuriously ta- ken from his Neighbour (nunquani commitiet^ lit appetcit, Ss\\J 6. Of all sports, Augustus Ccesar was most delighted with Boxing : in which he used to match the Latins icith the Greeks (committere cum J. 7. He began the Spo?'ts from a Tribunal placed in the Orchestra f Ludos commisit) : sic ludorum commissio. COMMODITAS. L His ohli^ing Siceetness has made me very careful not to do any thing that mav displease \nm ,( commodit as ) . 9. One in the Comedy argues disputat ) that a kind and liberal Father is troublesome ^ iji- commocUis) to an abandoned Son. I neither know (says he'' how to impose upon mv Fa- ther, or cheat him : so much his kindness prevents ail my Plots and Arts { Commoailas ejus) : h. e. commoda benign it as. 3. His Stature was lovr ; however it vs'as conce?aed. 82 The peculiar Use and Signification concealed by the cleverness and sywrnetry of his Limbs ; unless some one much taller stood by him ( commoditate et eqiialitate'). COMMODUM. 1. I wondered why you re- fused to accept the prof is of the Tribuneship ; especially since you was to be excused the trouble of executing it ( commoda contempse- vis). Commoda propril dicunlur de stipendio et prcemiis militarihus. 2. Men of the meanest Condition, not hav- ing been at liberty to die at their ozvn time^ have snatcht up what came next, and made that the Instrument of Death, which, in its own nature, was not hurtful (cian commodo mori non licuisset) : h. e. ex commodo siio : cum sua cojmnodo. 3. C^sar, the Day before he was murdered, upon occasion of a Discourse started fnaiiisj at Table, in M, Lepidus' House, concerning » the most desirable sort of Death, declared for that which was sudden and unexpected (quisnam esset fnis vitce commodissimus) . COMMUNICO. ]. Depending upon the strength of the Conspiracy, he admitted no Slaves, which at first liocked to him in great Numbers : besides it seemed not agreeable to his Undertaking, to have suffered Fugi- tives to partake in a Cause tJiat concerned Citizens (caiisara civiiun cum fugitivis commu- nicdsse ) : h. e. com)nunem fecissc. 2. He that undcrlakts another Mans Qitai^- reh\ of certain JVorcb in the Latin Tongue. 83 rets, gives a greater proof of his Heat than his Wit (inimidtias cum atio ccmimunicat) : h. e. communes accipii : easdcm cum atio in- imicitias suscipit, ac communiter gerit. 3. JVhaU^ve?' Fortune the Wife brings, the Husband, upon an Estimate made, puts as rnucli to it out of his oicn Estate. An ac- count of this Money is kept by itself, and the whole Sum, with the annual Product ^fructus) is laid up tor the Benefit of the Survivor ( Viri auantas pecunias ab uioribus, dotis nomine, acceperunt, tantas ex suis bonis, cstimatione facia, cum dMtibus communicant). Communis. 1. Do you thhik Fo?npei/ zcould have acted more upon the square, and like one of us, after ^"ictory^ than he did whilst things were vet depending ? And if, when you were Consul, he would not follow vour most pru- dent Advice ; can vou believe, if he had been once possest of the whole Common-^vealth, that he would have had any regard to our counsel f m ag is communeni futuru m fu isse ) ? In eddeni fere notione ponitur CIVILIS, quod- vide. '2. At Athens he carried himself in such a manner, that he seemed upon the level with the loicest, and equal to the highest (communis infimis ). COMPARO. 1. This Alan he matched ZC lilt Cl TJiracian, and after he had vanquished him, ordered his Throat to be cut (Thraci com- paravitj, 2, I M The peculiar Use and Signification 2. I that have little Experience in plead- ing, and less ability, am put to engage with a Patron of the greatest Eloquence : and P. Quintius that has no Power, no Interest, no stock of Friends, contends with a most po- tent Adversary ( cum patrono diseriisssimo com- paror). Sump turn d coinpositione gladiator U7n. Note, Gladiators are said com'^oxxi and com- parari, when those that are equal in Strength, Age, and Experience, are chosen to fight by him that gives the Show. Hence two Adversaries fairly matched are called par bene composi- tum : bene comparatum. 3. I will relate to you, Gentlemen, of what . sort of Men those Forces are made iip : then will I apply to each particular kind the best Remedy my Advice and Persuasion can pro- vide (ex qiiibus generihus, 8s c. comparentur). 4. 1 will ask you how you satisfy yourself that there are Gods. Methinks (returned Balbus ) I have given Reasons for it : But such is your way of opposing them, that when I believe you interrogate me, and have prepared myself to resolve you, presently you divert (avertas) the Discourse, and allow no time for an Answer ( et ego me, 8^c. compararim ), Idem significat Comparo quod simplex Paro. Nos tamen hoc semper, illo nunquam utimur. 5. Nature has in a large and plentiful man- mer provided Food proper to every Creature (comparavitj, 6. He of -certain Words in the Latin Tongue. %5 6. He sent for Aft aim from Pergamis, and derived h.im to undertake the War with him i which when he had promised, he dispatched hun home to get rtadij ( ad coniparandiim) : i. quicijuid ad bellum pcrtinet. 7. It is the part of a good Servant to s.jm^ pathize with his Master : to be just as he is: to set his own Countenance by his : to be sad when he is sad, and merry when he is merry (vidtitm ex vultu coniparei j : h. c. Jingat, com" ponat. COMPERIO. 1 . lie was a Youth of no great Quahncations, it must be confessed, and va- lued himself too haughtily on his strength of Body ; guilty however of no apparent Vice (nullius ia.men fiagitii compevtus ). 2. When any I\[an of duality dies (illustri* ^re loco natiis decessit) his next Relations as- semble to enquire into the cause of his Death : upon the least suspicion they have power to ask his Widow the question, with as little ceremony as if she .^'ad been one of his Slaves 5 and if they fnd her guilty, they burn her alive (et si compertiun est). COMPETIT, 1. His Body didhy nr, means jit his Soul : For he was extremely little and deform.ed (compeiiii ), COMPOSITIO. i. What ? do you think I de- /sired you to send me word, of the matclies of the Gladiators, the proroguing of Causes, the Pi!- ferings of Chresiits^ and such trivial things^ I -which 86 The peculiar Use and Signification which when I am at Rome no one presumes to tell me (iit viihi gladiatoriim compositionesy S(c. rnitteres) ? COMPLEO. 1. These things the Stoicks call Goods, but do not allow thai ihty completely make iLp a happy Life (his complcri )., COMPREHENDO. 1. When I saw many were ^ inflamed with the greatest rage and maligni- ty, I employed all my time, day and night, to discover what they consulted and designed : iliat so, since my Report could find but little credit with you, by reason of the incredible heinousness of the Treason, I might take such sure hold of the matter, that you should then provide for your Safety (iit, qaoniam, Kc. rem ita compreJienderem). Rem comprehenderem, est, conjurationem illustrarem, patefacerem, comperirem, tenerem ^ eramque vobis, latronem tanquam compreheiisum, teiitandam plaiit ac palpandam in manum darem. CoNATUS. 1. Nature has bestowed upon Beasts Sense and Appetite, that by the one Ihcij might be prompted to take in their natural Food : and by the other, distinguish the hurt- ful from the salutary f ad naturales pastus ca- pessendos coiiaium liaherent). !2. Aspis seeing the King ride briskly up to liim, was sore afraid : and, being discouraged from any ihoiights of resisting, surrendered himself (d conatu resiMmdi), CONCEDO. I. The Senators saw plainly theif §f certain Words in the Latin Tongue. S*7 thni jnust yield the Victoria either to their Enemies or their Citizens ( de Victoria conce- dendinn esse J. "2. Vrhat put me above others, upon under- taking Roscii'Si Cause : Because, if any of those that vqvl see present had defended him^ Men of the 'greatest Reputation and "Worthy if he had spoke a word of the RepubUc. he would be thought to have said much more than he had : As tor me, though I should say all that is proper to be said, }'ct my words can bv no means 2:et abroad. And in the next Piace, because a rash Exprtrssion or tne others cannot be pardoned^ by reason of their Age and Prudence : but if I speak too freelv, it will be excused upon the account of my Youth ^^ternej't dicta concedi non potest). S. Fahius J^alens was marching up to join CiCcina, :aid this added still more to his ccn- cern, lest all the glory of any future success should be transferred to him (illuc concederet), 4. I have resolved to go and live in the Country. I find I am hated here. It is time to get out of the way, and make rocrn for others (concedere) : h. e. c medio exced.ert \ ut de eddcm re loquitur. 5. If your Parents were atraid of and ha- ted you, and you could bv no means recover their Favour, vou xcould, I conceive, reti^-c so/ne:chere out of their sight. Now vour Ccun- tr)', which is the common Parent of us all, I 2 hates is *rhe pecttliar Use and Significalw^^^ hates and fears you^ and judges that you un- naturallv contrive nothing but Treason against her. "Will you neither reverence her autho- rity, nor be guided by her direction, nor stand in fear of her Power ? f iit ophior, ah toriiin oculis aliquo concedcres.) CoNClDO. 1. Seeing, Countrymen, you have- the unnatural Generals of this most wicked and dangerous Rebellion in hold and in Pri- son3 ye ought t ) judge thai all the Forces of CataUne, all his Hopes and Strength^ arefalleii to the Ground (concidisse). CONCILIO. 1. 1^ 2iimt endears one Man ta another \ and begets in them an extraordi- nary love and affection for their own Child- ren (hominem conciliat homini). CONCIPIO. 1. What you swear, and verily believe that your Consde?ice tell you it ought to be done, that you are bound to perform : where it is otherwise, you are not perjured, though you should not perform it ( ut mens concipiai ). ^. We took care to enioin a certain form of an Oath, by which all who held any office in the Common-wealth, or w^ere fortified with the protection of the Law, should hind thenu selves in a prescribed form of Words (concep-^ Ms verbis se ohstringereni). CoNCLUDO. 1. We might produce more instances of his unshaken honesty, but we must deny ourselves that liberty, because we design of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 89 design in this one Volume to compreheyid the Lives of many illustrious Persons ( concludcre ) , Conditio. 1. O^-ar^tokeep up bisFriend- snip with Fompey, offered him Octa\aa, his Sister's Grand-daughter, to Wife ( conditionem ei detulit L t. Having lost his Wife Lepida, and two Daughters which he had by her, he remained a Widower; nor could he be prevailed upon hi/ any offer or match, to marry again ( idld conditione) . CONDO. 1. This Prince founded all their ^Martial Discipline and Art of War (condi- dit). 2. He put Ashes into the Urn \yith his own Hand (condidit). CoNDONO. 1. I present you with this golden Cup, the very same that Pter^elas used to drink in, whom 1 slew with my own Hand ftibi condonoj. 2. He sends for Dumnorix^ advises him for the future to avoid all suspicions : that he pardoned him xcha' zvas past upon the account of his Brother Divitiacus (prjeterita fratri condonarej. 3. The Ship w^as pressed by the Turks ; forced into their Service without the know- ledge or consent of the Owmers ^ set upon and vanquished by the Gallies of the Venetians ; taken, carried aw^ay to Venice, and there ad- judged lawful Prize by the Judges of the I 3 A.dmi- so The peadiar Use and Significalwn Admiralty. In regard therefore the said Ship, could not possibly withdraw from the En-, gagement: we most earnestly request your Serenity, that you will please to remit that Sentence of the Court of A dm ir ally, as a pre-- sent to our Friendship (ut sententiam illam maritlmce curi^ veils nostrce aniicitice condo-^^ nare). ' 4. There is some hope that the mind of the- 'most Serene Duke may be asswaged, and that he XV ill give up his Resentment upon the inter- eession and importunity of so wa;?^ Princes [et- hane iram suaju tot^ S^'c. intercessioni, 8(c._ co7i- donaturum ). CONDUCO. 1. He gathered together and-' hrought \Q the Court all his CUents and Debt- ors. By their means he saved himself froixb, standing his Trial (conduxil)., CONFERO. 1. If I had been as perfidious as those are that lay all these things to my C4<^;'\o-(?, yet certainly I should not have been^ so foolish as to shew an inclination of injur- ing you (in nos hcec confer unt 2. Towards the rebuilding, of his Palatine .House, consumed by Fire, the Veteran Sold-, iers, the Decuries, the Tribes, and indeed all Persons of the meanest Rpaik co?itribufed everj' one according to his ability (peciaiias. contule-.- 'Mint). 3. 3^hat difference is there whether any ■me turns himself into a Beast from a Man, or carries,. ®f ctrt'ain Words in the Lai in Tongue, Q t carries the savageness of a Beast under tlie Figure of r- Man (se quis confer a I ) F 4. He, considering that this Law was made for the Preservation of the Common-weahh, . would not lnr7i it to the ruin of the State ; and, continued his Command four months longer;: than the People had enacted (conforre). 6, Did not 1 say in the Senate, That yoiu had pitched upon the twenty-eighth of No=- member for the Assassinating of the Nobles-^ (Xiedem te optiinalum contulisse in) ? CoNFiCio. I. 1 desire you v/ould ta.ke car€^i that I may have, as soon as.possible, the things, you write me word you have bought for me:: And 1 would, have you think how to get me up a Library ( BibtioiJiecam nobis conjicert). 2. My Friend Gel a came to me yesterday about the Arrears of a small parcel of Money he had left i]i my Hands formerly :; He begged; me to get it up : I have got it up, and am now carrying it to him (id. nt conjicereni : confecij. 5. The old Men not seeing me here, will- think I am confounding their Money (conji"- cere). 4. Lysander utterly rmned the Athenian!^ in the twenty-sixth year of their War with- the Pelop amies ians (confecit ) CONFIDENTER. I. I tremble and quake: every joint of me. Hovvever I am resolved: to talk to the Man xvilh assurance ^ to trv if tliaL vv^iil. save my Bones / confdenter ) . CONHDOk 9t The peculiar Use and Signification CONFIDO. 1. Because you mistrusted the Existence of a Deity ; I therefore thought you fit to prove it by Argument : For to me this one was sufficient, that our Ancestors have so deUvered to us. Wherefore, since you wave Authorities, and contest by Reason, give me leave to set my Reason against yours { ^uia non confidehas). CONFLIGO. 1. Two of the Enemy's largest Gallies, spying our Admiral's Ship, which might easily be laiown (agnosci) by the Flag, resolved to run foul upon him, and crush him between them : But Brutus^ being aware of their design, made a shift to get out of the ^ay the moment they were coming towards him w^ith all their speed. And they ran upon and struck each other xoith so violent a Shocks that one of their Beaks being broken, the Ts^hole Vessel was almost. shattered to pieces: which our Men observing, they that lay near- est immediately set upon and sunk them both (illce adeo graviter inter se incitatce confiixe- runt). CONFORMO. 1. I fashion mjSQ\{io Pompey's Will ; from whom I cannot with honour dis- sent (conformo) : h. ^. formo^ Jingo, cornpono. CONGERO. 1. The Gods cease not to heap Kindnesses upon Men that doubt whether ^here are Gods or no (congerere dubitantibusj. He heaped several honours upon him, de- sirable vf certain Words in I he Latin Tongue, sirable even by. Consular Men (illi congessit ) i ncn in ilium ; quod quldam volunt. CONJUNGQ. 1. We have sent him to treat, and neo^otiate with vou such matters and affairs as are intericcvcn zcii/i the hmefit ajid Advantage of both Bepiihlics (cum utriusque Rt'tp. uldiiatihiis conjiineta sunt). £. We entreat your Highness to be as- sured, that there is nothing vve account more sacred, or more earnestly desire, than to be serviceable and assisting to your Interests, s» bound up with the Cause of Meligion Cwestris ra- tio7iibus, ciun religion is causa tarn conjunct is),. 3. When at the last Consular Election you would have slain me. the Consul, and your Competitors, in the Field ; / dashed ( com-^ pressij your wicked attempts, by the assist- ance and strength of my Friends, without giving any alarm to the Public. In a word^ as often as you struck at me ( me petiisti) 1 op- posed you by my own Interest, although I saw that my destruction teas inseparable from the great affiiction of the State ( pernickm meani cum niagnd calamitate Reip. esse conjunctafnj, 4. Some People give very plentifully, not from any generous principle in their Nature^, but only to appear great in the Eye of the World. Such Bounty is nearer of kin to Va-- nitv than Liberality (conjunctior). Conor. 1. The Tyrant hearing that MiU iiadesy whom he had banished, was raising" Forces '94 The pcciiUar Use and Signification Forces in Pelopoiinesiis, and designed to make Wai^ upon him^ gave his Wife, that was left at Athens^ in marriage to another; and ordered his Son's Education in such a manner, that b)^ indulging him, he might be infected with all sorts of Vices fsihiqiie bellum facere conari). Some People say, CorJicUns Balbus held Casar down, as he was going to r^ise up ( cilni conaretur assurgere) to the Senators : Others, that he did not so much as o ffer it : insomuch that C 7V(?/;(^?////^ suggesting it to him, receiv- ed a Frown for his pains ( nc conatum qnidem ). 3, She is afraid lest you should forsake her, P. How can I possibly have such a tliougJit ( istuc conari) f 4. I would have'j/o?/ take Ship as soon as possible, and come to me (conscendasj : navejji «c. Ita frequent er "ceteres, CONSCIENTIA. 1. They communicated their Design to one another, and brought it to per- fection ; not without the privity of the en- franchised Bond«men (conscientid). How long, Catiline, will you abuse our Patience? How long shall that Fury of yours hector down even us too ? To what bound shall that unbridled audaciousness fly out ? Has the Night-guard of the Palace nothing daunted you? Nothing the Fears and Jea- lousies of the People ? Is^othing the Concourse of all the able Men ? Nothing the holding the Senate in this Place of Strength?. Do the ' \- Looks certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 95^ Looks and Faces of all these in presence no- thing dash you ? Are you not aware that all your Plots are discovered ? Do not yon see that your Conspiracy is alreadi/ palpably knozcn to all present F What you resolved upon last Night, wliat the Night before, where you vras, who were in your Junta, what Debates passed between you; \yho of us do you think, is not fully informed of? ( Cons! rid am jam ho* rum omnium conscientia teneri conjiirationem tuam mm cides f' ) Sensum expressi ; ima^ineni palrio scrmone nunc (juidem ncqueo attingere, Conscientia nihil aliiid est qudm scientia. S. Vrhy did you snatch away that Sword, which I was plunging Into my Body? I had now been dead : 1 had not been witness of so many Crimes with which you have stained your honour fccnsciusj. CONSECTOR. 1. PZ;////;, the Father of .^/e.r- ander, reproves his Son sharply in a noble 'EpistlCyfor endeavouri?ig to purchase the Good- will of the Macedonians by Donations fqubd, &ic. consecietur ). CONSEQUOR. 1. Several Stones being pull- ed out of the Foundation of their Tower, part of it immediately fell down ; and the rest leaned forward, as if it meant to come after (pars reliqua conseqiiens procumbehat). CONSENESCO. 1. Victory is in our power: our Age is vigorous, our Mind strong. With ih^m on the other side^ through years and luxu- §5 The peculiar Use and Significatldn sjy all tkmgs are xveak and grown into deca^ / con rd illis, 8^€. omnia conseniieriint ). CONSISTO. 1. One Man goes to law with his Mother : another impeaches his Neighbour of a Crime, wherein he himself is more mani- festly faulty fciim maire consist it) : h. e. cnm matre judicio agit, congrediiur^ lege experiinr, 2. Raise up your Spirits, and stand up firm against Fortune (consiste): tanquam athleta €ontra advtrsarium. 5. Every State thinks it honourable to have their Confines round about lye waste. For they esteem it an argument of their courage to have expelled their Neighbours, and struck so great a terror into them, that they dare not venture to settle near them (propc se consis* 4. Old men, women, children, and the guards, with extended hands upon the w^alls, or prostrating themselves before the Imag-es at their Temples, besought the Gods to grant them Victory. Nor was there any one bid believed their own and their Country's Fate depended on that Day's Success (cjuinon in ejus diei casu^ 8(c. consist ere exist imaret CONSPICIO. 1. No fatigue could either tire his body or conquer his mind. Heat and Cold he could bear alike: Meat and Drink he measured by natural appetite, not pleasure : Sleeping and waking, day and night was the same with him. Many have seen him lying upon of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 97 Hpon the Ground under a Soldier^s Cloak, amidst the Sentinels. His Apparel was no« thing better than that of his Fellows and Companions : His Arms and Horses zvere re-^ mar kahtc (cons pickhantur). Ovidlus de domo sua. Trist. Lib, 2. Et ncque divitiis nequc pauper tate notanda, Unde sit in neuiruni conspiciendus eqiies, 2. lie-compose ( Coilige) your Thoughts and Looks : the loss is retrieveable : within a while you shall be taken notice oj\ and admired ( conspicieris ) . CONSPIRATUS. 1. The Conspirators fixed the fourth day of April for his murder (Con^ :Spiraii) : h. e. qui conspiraverunt. CONSTANS. L We ought to observe a re- gularity and order in our Actions, so that all things in our Life, as in a regtdar cohe- rent discourse, may agree, and be suitable one with another ( qiiemadmodum in orationc constanti). CONSTANTER. L There are some who ob- ject against me, and ask zvhether I may be thought to act consistently enough, who affirm that nothing at all can be known, and yet have discoursed upon several Subjects (satis- ne const anter ). CONSTANTIA. L The Boy, not changing countenance at all, answered, that he had acted like a King. Astyages surprised at the K Boy's §S The peailiar Use and Significaiion Boy's Assurance, calls to mind his dream^ and the explication of it ( const antiam). CONSTITUO. 1. The Temple erected 'm the Forum to the Twin-brothers, bore only the Name of Castor (constituta). 2. Ccesar returned answer, that he took it as an affront that the Ambassadors did not come to the place at the Time- appointed (ad cons t i tut ivm). Note. Constituere is to agree tvilh any one to come to a certain place, at a certain time. 3. If Justice be of so great efficacy as that it can raise and support Pirates, of what force must we suppose it to be amidst Laws and Courts of Judicature i?i a zcell constituted Be- public fin constitutd Hep.) P CONSTITUTIO. 1. All the welfare and hap- piness of Life, according to Metrodorus, con- sists in u firm Constitution of Body, and a well- grounded hope of the durableness of that Constitution ( const itutione continetur). Hoc mall Latimnn esse, cave putes. CONSTO. L He held no constant Health ei- ther of Mind or Body: While he was a Boy he was troubled with the Falling-Sickness. The infirmity of his Mind he was sensible of liimself ; and therefore had frequent thoughts of retiring (Valetudo ei neque animi neque cor* ports constitit). 2. If Peace continues frmlij fxed between two s-uch powerful neighbours 3 if we would but of certain IVords in the Latin Tongue, §9 but m^ke it our main study to continue in brotherly concord ; there would be no cause to fear either the force or subtlety of our Ene- mies ( Si pax const et ). 3. TJie loss of our Merchants amounts to above sixteen thousand English Pounds; as will easily be made appear by witnesses upon Oath (constat s up ra )■ . 4. There are many, who in things of a con- trary nature, are inconsistent with themselves: as for Pleasure, they despise it with all the severity of a Stoick ; but yet are so effeminate as not to be able to bear the least pain ( pa- rum sibi constent): 5. The Soul may subsist of itself without the Body (constare). CONSUETUDO. 1. What the Greeks call passions, I might term diseases : But the ex- pression has not been received into our Lan^ guage fin consuetudinem nostram). 2:. Is this Marriage any thing grievous to my Son, because of his conversation tvith this same Stranger ? D. Not at ail (propter con- suetudinem). Consul. 1. Julius C(£sar lost his Father in the sixteenth year of his age : and the TVar/oZ/t^t^;//?©, being High-Priest elect of Ju- piter, he divorced Cossutia, a Lady not only of an Equestrian Family, but a very great For- tune (sequentibus considibus). CoNSULO. 1. As Caligula was standing hy K2 the' 1 00 The peculiar Use and Sigmjcation the Statue of Jupiter, he asked Apelles, the Tragedian,Wbom he thought to be the greater of the two ? and because he did not give him an answer presently, he ordered him to be severely scourged ; frequently commending his voice, while he begged for mercy fconm-^ luii). CONTACTUS. 1. No sort of calamity that usually attends war was wanting : the City being as it ivere infected w\\h the furious mad- ness of tvro young fellows fvehit contacta). CONTEMNO. 1. Aristotle and Plato, de- lighted with the studies of Philosophy, neg- lected to meddle zcith Ord-tory Civntenipseriint) : h. e. noluerunt tract are, ttt exponit Graevius, I believe you was often possessed with a longing for Alliens: and repented you of your resolution (cojitempsisse). 3. I did not value giving three hundred Pounds for the Picture ; it was so curiously done (contenipsimiis in) : h. e. tanti e?nere ni- hil prorsus dubitavimus : argentum libenter im- pendimus, pretiumque adeh vile habuimus. CONTENDO. 1. The Soldiers would blush if any one should object these things to them ; and would maintain stiffly, that they have a manly hardiness both of mind and body, and that they are able to wage war as well in winter as in summer ( contendantqite ) . 2. If, waving these things, we should match the bare Causes^ that are in dispute one ivith another I cf certain Words in the Latin Tongue, 101 another ; by that only we may apprehend how fiat they are laid. On one side modesty fights, on the other sauciness : on this side chastity, on that debauchery : on this loyalty, on that treason : on this side honour, on that base- ness : on this side steadiness, on that mad- ness. In sum, on this side equity, temper- ance, courage, prudence, contend with op- pression, with luxury, with cowardice, with Tishness, with all vices. In such a combat 'rnd battle, would not the Immortal Gods themselves force so many and so great vices - to be overthrown by these most excellent virtues r fSi, his rebus omissis, ipsas caiisas^ qucs inter se confligunt, contendere velimus.J - CoNTENTE. 1". Bi/ living penuriously ancl closelij the latter part of his life, he retrieved his Estate ; which he had much impaired in. his vouth ( contentlque vivendo.) CONTENTUS. ] . The .9^?'/z/72f(i cables crack with the force of the North-wind, and the waves rise arched in the m.anner of a hill (con- itnti). CONTI-NENS. 1. Proceed' then to dem.on- strate that death is not an evil. I will not. intermpt you, I had rather hear a coniinited Discourse (continentem orationem) . CONTINENTER. 1. After the Conflict' had- continued above six hours zvithoiU intermission^. our men being weak and wanting weapons^ whilst the enemy's vigour encreased^s we grew faint, C. Volusius, a man of courage and. K 5. conduct^ 102 The peculiar Use and Signification conduct, came to Galba and informed him there was no expedient left but sallying out, and putting their fortune upon one brisk at- tempt ( Quumjam amplius horis sex continenier pugnareiiir). COxNTlNEO. 1. You know Bassiis was al- ways of an infirm Body : he kept it together a long time^ but now it has suddenly failed him (illud contimnt ) : tanquam vas qnassum^ jimc- turisque diductis diffluent. 2. Nothing more strongiy binds and holds together all the parts of a Common-wealth, than Faith or Credit : which can never be kept up, unless Men are under a necessity of paying what they owe one another fvehemen-^ tills continet ). 3. They seemed to he united^ not by mu- tual kindnesses, but by the common hatred which they had conceived against the King (contineri). 4. The Celtae are hemmed, in and encircled hj the River Garumna, the Ocean, agd the Borders of the Belgcc ( continentiir ) . 5. In this whole business relating to the Passions, the stjrss of the cattse seems to lye in me thing (una res cans am continere). 6. Thus have 1 endeavoured to lay down those things voherei^i Justice consists (quibns, ^c. continetur). 7. Wisdom is defined by the old Philoso- phers, The Knowledge of things divine and * humsii;, sf certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 103 human, and of the Causes 2ipon zc/nc/i these things depend (qiiibus, 8(c. cojilinenturj , 8. Of all others, my Friend Mile got the greatest Honour, by purchasing Gladiators for the defence of the Reoublic, zchich teas included in my safety ; and thereby defeatmg^ the mad pernicious attempts of Clodius ( quce salute nostrd cont'inehatur ) . 9. All those Sciences which relate to the direction of Life are comprized under Philo- sophy (contineniur). 10. When he heard the News of this over- throw, he ordered strict watch to be kept in the City, to prevent any Insurrection of the People ; and continued his Commissions to the Governors of the Provinces ; that the Al- lies might be kept to their Duty by those that were versed in their Customs, and to whose command they were used ( continerenlur). Idem fei^l sign if cat retineo. Ter. Ad. 1. 1. Pudore ei liber alit ate lilyeros' Retinere, satins esse credo, quam metu r to hold them in : to keep them within com- pass. CoN^TIXUO. 1. When they have bathed^ they fall to eating : then to business, ^ nd often to drinking. To sit tippling a night and a day togeilier^ is reckoned no scandal (diem noctemq ue contimtare poiandj) ), CONTINUUS. 1. Ccesar made a Decree, that no Citizen above twenty^ or under forty years of 1-04 The peculiar Use and Signification ^ ©f age, unless a sworn Soldier, should absent himself above three years together out of Italy .(plus triennio continuo). 2. The Image of the Goddess is not, as usually, of human form, but a continued rounds rising smaller. Pyramid-fashion, until, it come at last to a point (continuiis orhis). Contra. 1. I think I shall have said enough ©f the virtues and actions of this great Man, if I add but this one thing, zvhich no one can deny f quod nemo eat ijificias) : That before EpaminojtdMs's birth, and after his death, TJiebes^ was constantly subject to a foreign Power ; but on the contrary, while he presided in that Commionrwealth, it became the lead- ing State Greece : whence we may draw this conclusion.; That the bravery of one great man; does more advance a State than the "whole mass of the People (contra ea). CoNTRAHO. 1. The bravery and worth of Alcibiades raised him more envy than respect (contraxit),. 2. Famine and want of necessaries /z respect paid them^ nor are suffered to dis=^ charge any office in th€ Common-wealth (ii^i mnnes decedunt) :^ non honoris causa ^ ut supra,: 7. Poinpei/. when he was come to- Rhodes in his return from his Government of Syria^ had^ a desire to hear P(9j'zV/L??zmi- read (dxcedens ex- /Sz/r/^f/.. Decedere diceJ)anliir magistraius. cicm^.,' rclictis provinciis^ domum reddhanU Decerno. 1. They were in a few days to) tngage at Sea. Calhstratus was overpowered^ in number: therefore Stratagem was to sup- ply the place of Strength (classe erant decre-- iuri), Decoquo. i. Under the C^sars, the Ro-^ man People grew old^ as it were, ^yid. wastedi Cdecoxit) : se nempe, suas vires, 2. The young Alan ruiried his Fertime in b. fery little time by Dice playing (decoiit). " 1 would have a young Orator more co- 116' The peculiar Use and Signification pious and luxuriant than is fit : Years will wear of much of that (decoquent). Deduco. 1. He repaired the ruinated Cities, and demolished Temples : He erected anew the several States upon their old Laws and Liberties : so that he might rather be ta- ken for the Founder of those Cities, than they t^ho had at first planted them (qui initio dedux- €rant ). 2. Fifty Talents for his Ransom were no- sooner paid, and he set on shore, than fie put to Sea again in pursuit of the Privateers whom he took and executed, as he had often threatened them in raillery, whilst he was yet their Prisoner fdeductd classe perseqiiereiur) t mmirum ex portu, de lit tore, Defendo. L There are two sorts of In- justice : the one of those that actually do an Injury to another: the other of those that do not zvard offtht Injury that is doing, if they are able (defendunt). 2. A Testudo, sixty Foot in length, was . carried before, for levelling the Ground, built of very strong Timber (ex fortissimis lignis),. and fortified tvith all Materials necessary to defend it from the casting of Fire and Stones (omnibus rebus y qiiibus ignis jactus et lapides defendi possent ) , 3, Here some Philosophers cry out, that this. Story of Gyges is mere Fictioa : as though Plato. should certain Words in the Latin Tongue, 117" should maintain that it was true, or could be so (deftndat), Defero. L M, Cato had frequently pro- tested and sworn he tvould immediately im- peach hiin^ upon his laying down the com- mand of the Army (delaturum se nomeii ejus), 2. Some one maliciously officious carried these words to the Ears of jealous Procris ( de- tiditj. Vox indici propria, ^. Schismas^ Dion's eldest Son, went over to King Artaxerxes, and iyiformed him of his Father's revolting (de defectione, 8(c. d Demo. 1. Ambassadors came to J?ow<^ from the Volsci, complaining of Injury received in such a manner, that if it zvere redressed^ they seemed willing to continue in League and Amity (si demeretur eaj. Demum. 1. That Man was mad zvhen he was Consid, and 7iol before : this Man, before he stood for the Consulship, and all the vv^hilc he was standing for it f llle consid demmn). Denuntio. 1. 1 freely decreed you a Sup- plication, nor shall I for the time to come be wanting either to your Reputation or Digni- ty. And that your Friends may know that I am so affected to yau, I desire you to ac- quaint them by Letters, that if there should be any occasion, they make no scruple to send j for me upon their own authority (mihi jure sua j denuntiare) : h. e. me arcessere^ adtocare, jii- I bere^ rogarc pr^esto ^esse. Pepono. of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 121 DeponO. 1. In somQ C?st?,, things given in trust (cleposita) ought not to be restored. If a Man in his Wits entrusts you zvith his Sword, and demands it again when he is beside him- self , it is your Duty not to give it him again, and an Error to do it (apud te deposuerit), DEP08C0. 1 . All with ardent Zeal demand the impious Wretch (deposcuntj : sc. ad pfz-- nam. Vi2. morti deposcere 2J^Md.T^c. Depravo. ] . Husbandmen take care not only of the straight and tall Trees, but apply props to those also which any accident has made croolced ( depra^avitj. Deprecor. 1. Darius, after he was fled to Babylon, begs of Alexander, by a Letter, to giye him leave to redeem his Captives, offer- ing a vast sum of Money for their Ransom (Alexandrmn deprecaturj : compositiim pro simplicij. 2. Prostrating themselves at the Knees of Alexander, they sue not for Life, hut a respite from Death, 'till they had interred the Body of Darius ( non mortem, sed dilatiojietn mortis deprecantur ) : h. e. non or ant ne sibi mors uf- feratur, sed ut dilatio mortis sibi -concedatur. Deprimo. 1. If Sea and Land were put in the opposite Scale against Virtue, Virtue zvould zceigk them dowri (deprimat). Deputo. 1. On my Conscience this Mas- ter of mine sets my Labour down at a lora rate: he would not else have sent me for no- :M thing The peculiar Use and Signification thing at all to a place where I have loitered away a whole Day ( partn preiii esse depiitoi ). DereLICTUS. 1. You have got a party of lewd Persons, entirely lost^ not only in their Jhrt lines ^ hut also in their Hopes (at) omni mm 7nodh for tuna, ver^iini etiani, S^'c. derelict is). Descendo. 1. The next Office he appeared for was that of High-Priest, for which he treat- ed and bribed at so extravagant a rate, that considering with himself how much it had run him in debt, he is reported to have assured his Mother, the Morning he went to tJie Election, that he would never return again if he missed it (ciim mani ad comitia descenderet ). 2. It would have pleased you mightily to jhave seen how he looked when he was re- pulsed. Yet with what hope, with how much confidence did he go to the Election (descent derat) : in Canipum Martium, ubi comitia ere- andis magistratibus hahebaninr. Note. Because most of the Nobles lived npon Jlills, and the Forums were loxv ; they zvere said at Borne descender e, rvhen they came abroad: i hough they did not dwell in the Jiighest parts of the City, DescRIBO. 1. By the Civil Law, all things are the King's, and those things, the univer- |i sal Possession of which belongs to the King, are divided amongst particular Owners f in sin^ gulos dominos descripta sunt) : h. e. distrilmta. Describere I f'/cerianz IVurds in the Latin Tongue, \^% Describere est per cerios quasi limites partiri^ tt in suum qiiidque locum digcrere. 2. Xuma Pompilius marked cut and divided the Year into twelve Months • dcscripsitj , S. The Slaves have not their particular Oftices assigned them as with us fservis de^ script a sunt J. 4. The proper Office of a Magistrate is to consider that he doth in his Person represent the wliole City, and is accordingly bound to maintain the Credit and Dignity of the same, to preserve Laws, to set out and assign io iverif Man his due Rights (j^tra describere). 5. You divided Italy into Posts : you ap- pointed every one which way he should march : you selected whom to leave at Bomt, and whom to carry wuth yourself :■ you set cut the several Parts at zchich tlie City teas to be Jired ( descripsisti iirbis partes ad incendia). 6. These four general Virtues,- Prudence, Justice,- Fortitude, and Temperance, though they have a mutual connexion and depend- ence on one another, have nevertheless cer- tain peculiar Duties arising from each. For example, from Prudence, zchich we set in the Jif sl pla^e, arises the Duty of seeking, contem-- plating, and finding out the Truth (qiice pri- ma descripta est), Descriptio. 1. Every Action ought to be free, as trom Piashness on the one hand, so fronri Carele3::ness on the other ; nor ought we M g to 124 The peculiar Use and Signification to do any thing for which we cannot give a sufficient reason. For this is in a manner iiw definition of Duty (descriptio officii). 12. The intent oF a House is Use, to which the draiiglit or contrivance in Buitding^is to be suited fadifica?idi descriptio ). Desideo. 1. Our Disciphne falhng away by degrees, our manners sun/{ dozen as it tvere at first ivith a gentle motion , shortly after they began to tumble headlong ; until we were come to these times, in which we can neither bear our Distempers, nor their Cures (vehtt desiderunt prime ). 2. Miihridates laying waste the adjacent Countries; Cccsar, that he might not seem sit idle and unconcerned in that exigence of Roman Allies, turned his Course from li/iodes, whither he was bound, to Asia ; where rais- ing Forces, he drove his Deputy-Lieutenant out of the Province, and confirmed several Cities in their Obedience, which were ready to revolt (desidere). Desiderium. 1. '^\itx\\^e Lacedcemonians had proclaimed War against the AtlmiianSy immediately Idiltiades was missed. Therefore after the fifth Year of his Banishment he was called back again into his Country (Miltiadis desiderium consecutum est). 2. The delight of all Food is in the Appe- tite, and not in satiety (in desiderio}, DesidERO. L When Envy had so far work- ed of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 125 ed Fabiiis out of the affections of his Citizens that they wculd not chuse him Generai, but supplied that trust \vith a very unskilful Com- mander, vvhose imprudence led their Forces into such Straits that they were enclosed by their Enemies, and now near ruin, the good Conduct ol Fab ills began /t; be missed f dcsidc- rarij. 2. These Preparations, he said, could not be made to reduce or guard the Provinces of Spain y Vv'hich having long en;oyed a Peace, had no occasion for anjj Aid (nullum auxiliiuii desidcrarint J. 3. You sliall hardly find any rvlan that when.- he has gone through Labours and Difficulties, does not expect Glory as a reward for his At- ciiievemenrs ( desiderat ) . 4. That Day we lost 200 Archers, a few Cavalry and Slaves, with a small part of our Baggage ( Desiderat i sunt eo die). Dkpono. 1. Thev send Messengers into all- parts, and order the States to quit their Towns, and carri^ their Wives and Children, with all they have, and lodge them in the Woods (in silvas de: oner en tj . Designo, 1. O what Times! What a World do we live in ! All this the Senate un- dersrands, the Consul sees: yet this Fellow lives. Lives ! yes, and comes into the house is present at the public Council : sets dozen and marks oui xciih his Eye every one of us for M 3 shughtcr 126 The pecitUar Use and Signification daughter (notat et designat oculis ad ccedem linumquemque nostrmn). 2. Can a Common-wealth be thought mo- delled according to reason^ where there are no- Rewards for honest actions, nor Punishments for Transgressions (raiione designata) ? Desino. 1. Being grown exceeding old,. he left ojf the Fencing-Trade, and Hved in the Country fdesiitj. Despero. 1. Upon the thronging of many subtle relined things into his Head, and not being able to determine which of them should be the truest, he despaired of fnding out any Truth (desperavit omnem verita(em). Destino. 1. If this is tvell fixed and im- planted in all your Minds, again I say the Day is yours fbenl fxum^ diestinatuinqiie ). Desum. 1. I will sing of the flight of the- Parthians, and the brave pursuit of the Ro- mans. O that my Expressions may not fall" short of your Qour^ge (ne desint) I Deterior. L He made such an advanta- geous choice of the Ground, that his Horse,, wherein lay his strength, might bear the At- tack of the Enem^/, and not his Infantry, in tvhich he xvas xveak (quo erat deterior). 2. Aricvistiis made answer. That the Mdid were lawfully become his Tributaries by the decision of War : That desar did him great wrong, in lessening his Tributes by his arrival (qui sua adventu vestigalia sibi deieriora fa- ceretj, DETER- ef certain Words in tJie Latin Toiigue. 1^7 Deterreo. 1. No mortal creature shall make me think otherzcise, but that she is in the^ House f?ne deterruerit ) : h. e. in aliam sen- tentiam perduxerit. Mihi nemo hoc persiiase"- rit. 2. I besought Claudia, your Wife, and^ Mucia, your Sister, that they would dissuade^ and divert him from doing me that Injury (lit eiim, deterrerent ) . 3. All the good or adverse Fortune which* happened to the antient Republic of the Bo^ ' has already been related by great Au- thors. Neither were there wanting famous "AVIts to transfer the actions of Augustus to- future Ages, 'till theij were diverted hij the- growth and spreading of Flattery (gliscenie adu- latione dei errerentur ) . 4. It love were natural, all would be in love, and be always so 1 nor tt 'Guld Shame^ bring q/f one, Consideration aaother. Satiety a third fdeterreret). Detestor. 1 . What our Friend Posidonins- has said in the fifth Book of the nature of the Gods, seems no way improbable : viz. That Epicurus did not believe there were any Gods at a!l : and that whatever he said of Xhem^ was to remove and keep off Clamour ( invididc. detes- tandae gratia dixisse) :. h. e. avertencUe, prohi^ hendde, -■• Detrimentum. 1. I am glad of this upon my Soa's account for^ as for your part, do what 1^8 Th^ peculiar Use and Signification^ what you will, you can lose nothing, nor be a whit the worse (de tc quidem nihil detrimenti fieri potest ) : h. e. quant umciinqne peccaveris, nihil de pudore derogatur. DiCO. 1 . As we ciffirrn ( dicimus some things seem profitable, which are not so ; so they affirm^ some things seem honest, which are not so. 2. First I would know why, upon a point that you. told us was so evident that all Men were convinced of it; why upon, this very point, I say, was you so large. Because (re- plied Balbus) I have many a time observed you yourself, tvken pleading in the Forum ( citm in Faro diceres )yXo load the Judge with all the Arguments' you could think of, if the Cause would allow you the Liberty (earn faculla- tern 3';. When you deny any thing to be better than, the World, ivhat do you: mean by better (quid did s melius) If fairer, I grant it; If more apt for our convenience, 1 allow that too : But if you mean this (sin auiem id. dicis J y that nothing in Narure is better than the World ; I do by no means agree to it. 4. There is no Day appointed for the re- turning of a kindness, as there is for money lent ((licitur) : h. e. prcestituitur. Ter. And. 1.1.75.— Placidt ; despondi : hie nnptiis dictus est dies, d. It was the talk of the Town, that if Casar of certain Words in the Latin Tongue . 129 Cctsar returned as a private Man, without the character of a General, he would he obliged to stand his Trial like Milo, with a Guard of armtd Men about him (foi^e at caiisam di-- ceretj. 6. It is abominable to struggle against the authority of the Senate. The Tribunes shall either do what the Senate thinks good, or it they persist in their contumacy, / zvill im- mediately nominate a Dictator, to force them to lay down their Office (dicani). Dictum. 1. Labeo Segulins tells me, that Cicsar complained of you for nothing at all hut a sharp saying, that he told him you said (dictum): h. e. dicievium.. DiCTlO. 1. The Day being appointed for his Trial, he got together from ail parts, and brought to the Court, all his Slaves to the num» ber of ten thousand (causx diciionis). Can* sam dicit is, qui criminibus sihi illatis respond dere cogitur. Dies. 1. Yv^hat is more laudable than this Custom, of nicely examining the Actions of the- zohole Day F Hov^^ quiet, pleasing, and free is our sleep after such a scrutiny ! (excutiendi tec- tum dJemJ : h. e. omnia diei acia-y omnia diet dicta fad a que, 2. Having laid down the disputes of three days, tlie disputes of tlie fourth day are com- prehended in this book (quartus dies). 3. Tijiie QdXs out and consumes fictions, but establishes 130 The peciiUaf Use and Signiflcafwri establishes the dictates of nature /Z)^V^;.Heaui S, \. 10.— M. jdut ego frofecto ingcmo tgycgio ad intser'ias 2^atus sum\ aut lllud falsum en, quod vulgo audh Dtciy diem adlmere iegritudinem hominibus . 4. In your memory. Country -men, shall our actions be cherished ; in your discourses shall they grow up : in the records of 1 list or i) (lit* terariim monument is) shall they come to age' and full strength : and I judge that the same' length of time, zvhich I hope tvill be eternal, is propagated both to the preservation of this City^ and to t/ie Memorif of my Consulship ( eandem;-- que diem intelligOy qtiam spero cEiernum fore^ et ad salutem xcrhis, et ad memoriam consulatus mei propagatam esse) : h. q. fore ut propagetur. 5. He gave orders for buiMiiUg twelve Gal- lies at Aries, which were fitted out and equip* ped with all thing, necessary,, and brought io Marseilles within thirty Days after the Timber was felled { triginta diebus, a qud die materia €cesa. est). 6. The Wolf has been always accustomed j to snatch and be gone : you to fly out of sightj with a nimble spring. Where shall I look lor ! you when the day is come (dies advenerit) f \ Solutionis nempe. \ 7. Nature lent us the use of life, like a suml of money, zvithout any day prefixt for payment What reasoa therefore have you to rnunnur,:; #f certain Words in the Latin Tongue, i31 if she calls in her own when she pkases (nulld prcrstitutd die).. 8. As soon as ever they rise from sleep, which they generally carrij on 'till Mid-day^ the 7 bathe (in diem cxtrahiuit): miilthm sci- licet. DiGNTTAS. 1. Since there are two sorts of beauty, the one a charming sweetness, the other a majestic comeliness : that we ought to think proper to the VY^omen 3 this, to the Men I (dis^nitas). DiGNUS. 1. If XltvIiis shall be able to do what he lists, and shall list to do what is un- lawful, what is to be done ? What God is to, be called upon ? What man's protection is to be implored? AVhat complaint, lastly, ivhat ■ suitable expression of grief can be found in so great a calamity.^ (qui meeror dignns J : h. e. tanfiC calami faii par. DiFFERO. i. The wind, which was verr high, so dispersed the flames, that in an instant the Mount, j'estudo, Mantlers, Towers, En- gines, all were seized and consumed before . we knew what was the matter v'^/c distulitj Teren. Heaut. Prol. 16. quod runiores distulerunt malevoli, DiFFICULTAS. L I come to those points now which do not concern the private re- proach of your vices, nor tJie straitness of your family affairs ; but do more nearly relate to the well-being of the State^ and the life and safety IS% The peadia?' Use and Signification of us all ( non addomesticam tuam difficidtatein)' DiFFlDO. 1. The Philosophy which they received from the Greek's, thei/ despaired of being able to turn into coramendable Latin ( diffidebant ) . DiFFLUO. 1. The Rhine, when it is come near the Ocean, rnns off several different id ays ^ making many and vast Islands (in plures dif-* Jiidt partes), DiFFUNDO, 1. lliat there were Wine-Cel- lars at Rome, and that Wines used to be tun- ned up in the ^o^d Year after the foundation of the City, appears by an undoubted proof of the Opimian Wine (diffundi solita J, Hor. Epist. 1. 5.— Vina bibes^ iterum Tauro, diffusa. DiLABOR. 1. From that time such Discords arose, that Tyranny got the upper hand, the Nobles were banished, and the best consti- tuted Republic in the world dissolved ( dila- beretur). 2. llanjubal was confident that if his For- ces knew against what Enemy they were drawn out to fight, they would fall off' as soon m they heard the news (simul cum nuncio di" lapsuras), DiLlGENTER. 1. That Bounty which con- sists in doing kindnesses by our labour and industry, is more virtuous and creditable than that done by money. Not but that sometimes a Man should give 5 nor is this sort of Bouptj j wholly ' - of certain IVords in ihc Latin Tongue. 133 wholly to be rejected ; nay one ought often- times to distribute : but this ??iiist be done xdth a choice and distinction between Persons^ and with moderation (scd diligenter, atque mo- derate ). DlLlGENTIA. 1. 7^/-!^?^ is not frugality, but avarice ; for this reason, because frugality is a careful preserving of Vv^hat is one's own, but Hvarice is an injurious desire of what is an- other's (non est ista ' diligentiaf Vide Indili" gens. DiMlTTO. 1. Caesar s opinion was gene- rally disliked^ and some of the Soldiers openly declared, since he had let dip so glorious an op^ portunity of Conquest, they would decline an engagement when he should be disposed to it (qunniani talis occasio victorice dimitteretur ) , DiRlGO. 1. Vi-o^t should •dXw^SiY^ he vie asur" td by honesty, so that these two words, though of a different sound, should be understood to be one and the same thing (Honestate dirU genda est). DiSCEDO. 1. There are several degrees of society and fellowshipamongst Alankind : for' to take our leave o/that universal Society that is between all Men in general, there is a nearer among those that are of the same Coun- try, Nation, or Language. There is a closer yet among those who are all of the same City (ut enini discedatur abj. 2, When the Senate was gone over to Cato's N opinion^ 134 The peculiar Use and Signification opinion, the Consul orders the Triumvirs to get ready what was necessary for the execution of the Conspirators fi7i Catonis sentcntiam dis- cessitj : h. e. in locum Ccilonis transiit quo mode assensum suiim significahanl . ^ 3. Of all the Civil Wars that ever were, none resembled this. It was not in Battle, nor by the hands of Enemies, that this massa- cre was made ; but by nien Vvdio the same day conversed familiarly and eat in common, and at night were lodged together in one bed. On the sudden they divide inio Parties : no- thing but outcries and bloodshed; and the .cause of enmity unknov/n to those who pe- rished fdiscednnt in partes). 4. The Earth opening by reason of some violent Showers, Gyges v/ent clowni into the hollow of it, and found there lying a brazen Horse, with a Door in his Side ( Cum terra discessissef ). Virg. JEn, 9- IS. DiSClPLlNA. L Some Sects of Philosophers f Discipline J t\-\Qre are which have given such accounts of man's chief happiness and misery, as destroys the very being of virtue and ho- nesty. For he that m.akes any thing his chiefest good, wherein Justice or Virtue does not bear a part and sets up profit, not ho- nesty, for the measure of his happiness ; can never do the offices of Friendship, Justice, or Liberality. These Sects therefore subvert the very foundations of honesty fH very often an occasion, in public Affairs^ cf doing several things that are contrary to duty. Thus our Fathers, for instance, did ill- m destroying and razing Corinth fin Corinthi disturb at io ne ) . Opera disturbari cqmd Ca^sa- rem frequeni er offender is. DiV'ERSUS. 1. Every man almost covers with his dead b )dy rhe place which he had, when alive, pitched upon to fight in. A few, that: the Prcetorian Cohorts had scattered, fell at some small distan -e from their Post, but all with wounds received in their Breast (paulo' dive7\siiLs conciderant ) . Do. 1. Be assured of this ; that Pompeij is a most c-urageous, prudent Citizen: "^Vhere-. fore conform yourself entirely to his mind and. N3' ^ iciLl 138 The peculiar TTse and Si'g7t\fication ^vill (da tehomini). Terent. Adelph. 5. 1. — M. Tace: Nonfiet : viitie jam ist^c : da tc liodie mihi. Accommoda teipsum voluntati meae. Donatiis. 2. There being two sorts of liberality, the oxi^ of doing a kindness (dandi heneficii), the other of requiting it : whether zve will do it or 710^ is altogether left to our own choice : but every good Man is obliged to requite it, if he can do it without injuring any one f de- raus^ necne ) : sic dare damnum ^ ?nalum, S(c.- 3. We think those things best that are mosts; generally approved. We live by example, and not by reason. The Cause is given to the ma- jority fseciuidum plures dcatur) : nempe lis. 4. Without considering the merits of the Cause, he gave Sentence for those that bribed' highest ( dab at secnndimj. 5. He that joins his hand to his will, does - what he pleases. That spiteful man has im- prisoned me, and clapt me into chains. / wiW cause his Buin { Illi perniciem. daho). 6. Tell me, Fundanins, if it be no trouble, what was the first dish that appeased your sngry stomach (Da)? Virg. Eclog. 1. Sed tamen iste Dens qui sit, da, Tityre, nobis^. Sic tontra accipere est discere. Accipe nunc Danaum insidias, S^'c. 7. Do you grant that Souls do either subsist after death, or perish immediately upon death ? S, That I readily grant (DasneJ, ^ 8, AH qf certain JVords in i he Latin Tongue. 8. All his time ke spent in learning the Per- sian Language, in which he beeame so great 'E proficient, that he discoursed with the. King more elegantly than any of the Natives could do { sermoni Fersarura dat ) : discendo niminim,. 9. After the civil Heats were over, he re- tired to Rhodes to stiid^ at his leisure under that celebrated ma-ster of Eloquence Apolloniiis (ut Apollonio operain daret). 10. There stood two Women behind me,., di coursing to themselves : upon wihich I gave- way a little, and made as though I took no no- iice of what they said. I could not hear every word perfectly, yet I am sure I cannot be^ mistaken in the main fdissimnlaham me harum sermoni operani dare). 1 1. Theve camiC a Deserter out of Pyrrhiis's Camp, and offered the Senate to dispatch the King with poison ; which they and \F^- bricins- were so far from accepting,, that they, gave up the Deserter to Fyrrhus (dederint). Doc EG. 1. As Geometricians do not use to prove and demonstrate all things, but demand to have some things allov/ed them, that they may more easily explain and make out their designs ; so I demand of you. Son Mark, to grant me this ; that nothing is desirable for itself alone, but that which is honest (omnia docere ) . 2. // remains for me to make out, that w^hat- ever in this world is of human use^ was made and -140 The peculiar Use and Signijicaiion- and provided for the sake of Man (Restat ut doceam). S. Livij, in the Consulship of C. Clodiiis and M. TuditaniLs, ivas the first Man that published a Play (prhniis docuit) : h. e. edidity, publicavit, &V. 4. Who has not said that Eupolis, that fa- mous antient Comedian, was throvvn into the sea by Alcihiades^ who vvas sailing to Sicilij P Eratosthenes confutes this: for he brings se- veral Comedies that Eupolis published after that time (docuerit). 5. When Euripides brought upon the Slage his Play Orestes, Socrates is said to have de- sired the three first Verses to be repeated again f doceret). Sic partes mas discere histrio., 6. Claudius Ccesar, in memory of his Bro- ther, whom he was carefai to celebrate upon all occasions, ordered, among other things, a Greek. Comedy to be set forth and acted (do^ cuit). DOCUMENTUM. 1. Do you not see what a hard shift Barrus makes to live ? A notable \ caution to M n, not to squander away their jl Estates (magnum documentura) . - 2. With Vv'hat face, O ye Rornans, can ye desire that we should prefer your friendship j iDefore that of the Carthaginians ; since the Saguntines, that did so, have been more cruelly J betrayed by you their Allies, than destroyed | by their Enemies the Carthaginians F My i advice qf certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 141 dvice isj that ye seek Confederates where iie calamity and misery of Sagiinturn is not i.nown. The ruins of Sagunium will be, ^z^- a mmirnful^ so a notable ivarning to the Span- i Ji Nations, not to confide in the protection confederacy of the Romans (sicut luguhre^^ ia insigne dGCumtnium Sagunii rtiince). 3. He obtained the Empire with more t:redit than he held it; though he gave many 'proofs of an extraordinary Prince ( docuvienta ), . 4. All places round about us are full of Confederates. They assist, and will assist us with arms, mien, horses, provisions. This proof of tlieir fidelity they have already given in our adversity (id jam fAei dociunenium) . . DOLEO. 1. This I confess would be very 'true, if there was no evil hut pain : But that is so far from being the greatest Evil, that if we may credit some of the chief Philoso- phers, it is no Evil at all (nisi dolere). DOMINATIO. 1 .The Dictatorship was grant- ed but as necessity required, and for some time only. The authori^ty of the Decemvirate continued also but tv/o years. The Consular Power of the military Tribunes remained ia force but for a little space. NeiiJier was the arhitrayy Dominion of China, or that of Sulla ^ of any long continuance (Non Cinnce, non Sul- he langa dominaiio). DOMUS. i. AW. of every Sect agree in this: Peripa?-' 142 T^he pecidiar Lhe and Signification Peripatetics, Academics, Stoics, Cynics (e.t omni domo) : h. e. familid, disciplinci, sectd. DONO. i. You prevailed with yourself laif aside and give np your own quarrels and re- sentments_/^?r the sake of the public Good: and will you be brought to cherish and confirm other men's disputes against the Public f_ni reip. donanes ) f ' 9,. By the entreaties and prayers of Alugia he was at last prevailed upon ; and pardoned the Husband for' the sake of the Wife f donavit iixori viriLin). 3. Despise deaths and all things that lead to death are despised : whether they are wars, or wrecks, or the bitings of wild beasts, or the sudden ruins of buildings. These things no diligence can shun, no happiness gives a security to, or a?i exemption from ( donat) : h. e. mortatibus eorum gratiam facit^ neque ejjicit^ iit ilia ne sint^ vel super veni ant. Gronov. DUBITATJO. 1. Dionysius took atvay with- out scruple ail the little golden images of the Goddess Victoria, the cu*ps and the coronets, which the S^'atues held in their hands stretch- ed out ; crying, he did not take, but receive them : For it were foolishness to refuse what is held out and given by them to whom we pray for hivours (sin'h dubilatione tollebat). DUBITO. 1 . The second, the thirteenth, and , the sixteenth Legions, took the Oath of Fi- delity without the least demur. The four- - „'. ■ " .... teentk i tf certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 14S teenth paused a little itpon the matter (pauliim dubitaverant ) . Q. It being determined that fight they must, they next debated whether it vras more fit that . the Emperor should appear personally in the field, or withdraw into some place of safety fdubitavere ). 3. Is it not a shame that Philosophers should doubt about these fhingSj which even Country People do not doubt about ( hcec dubitare ) f 4. It remains that ive consider tin's which rather killed Scxius Roscius F he to whom by his death an Estate came ; or he to whom beggary ? he that was poor before, or he that afterwards became most indigent (ui hoc du- bitemus) f Duco. 1. Marius being dispatched to Rome by Metellus, whose Lieutenant he was, ac- cused his General to the People of protract- ing tlie war : and told them, that if they would but chuse him Consul, they should soon have Jugurtlia, dead or alive, delivered into their hands (criminatus est beltum ducere ) . 2. After this, they consulted about the ho- nours which were to be rendered to the de- ceased ; and the chief on which they insisted were, that tJie Funeral State sJioidd march tJirougJi ifie Triumphal Gate (porta triumpliali duceretur funus) . 3. Long since, Catiline, tJiou slioiddst have been ledy by the Consul's order, to Execution : Upon 144 The peculiar Use and Si gjiif cation IJpon thine own head should have been turn- ed that destruction which thou hast been so long contriving against all of us (Ad mortem te, Catilina, duci, 8>'c, jampridem oportebat). Propria de condemnatis, addict is, &>'c. 4. The Man endeavouring to catch the Fly, gave himself a sound cuff (alapam sibidtixitj. Qainctilianus * Colaphum tibi ducam^ etformii- lam s crib am, quod durum caput habeas. DuM. 1. Repeat' me, I pray, those words again, for I do not well understand what you mean by them ( It era dum 7nihi). DuNTAX/VT. 1. All People do not bring to a good intention the same strength, the same abilities, the same fortune, which go- verns the events at least of even the best pro- jects ( duntaxat exilns) : h. e. siiioii alia, certt txitus. Ita Seneca, Jiistinus, Suetonius. Sed mbi habeant. ■ . EA. 1. His design was to turn his Forces on that side zvhere Fortune gave the ad- vantage (ed inclinare, qua), Effero. 1. But why do I detain you w^ith many words ? She is carried out. We move. We come to the Sepulchre. She is laid upon the qf certain IVords in the Latin Tongue, 145 the Pile, We weep fEfertur, Imus), Effejrl prcq)ril dicuntnr cadavera mGrtuorum : Et ire proprie ad exequias. Donatus. Efficio. 1. Clitipho will discover himself before / have got the jMoney (effecero) : h. e. inventiim reddidero. 2. Let this at least he looked upon as clearlij proved'. That when several Duties come into competition, those should take place before any others, which relate to the maintenance of human society (Hoc quidem affectum sit), Egressus, us, UI. 1. No omanous presage could ever deter Ccrsar from the prosecution of his designs. The Victim that ran away as it was going to be sacrificed, was not suf- ficient to retard his expedition against Scipio and Jiiha-, and though he fell down at his landing, yet he turned the omen to good, cry- ing out, Noxv I have thee fast, Afric ( in egressii jiavisj : Propril. Sic } navi egredi mare in- gredi, Sic. Elevo. 1. The Philosophers disparage and talk slightly of glory ; and yet they set their names to the very books they write against glory (elevant). Phcedrus de Vulpe uvam ap- peiente : Quifacere qiice nonpossitnt, verbis elevant^ Adsc7'ibere hoc dehehunt exemplum sibi, Q. There is nothing that so much blunts and extenuates discontent, as the consideration O that 146 Tlie peculiar Use and Significatmi that there is nothing but may befal us (elevet- que). 3. It is not my custom in pleading to dilate upon what is in itself evident j for perspicuity is tveakened hy argumentation : Nor yet, though I did thus at the Bar, would it follow that i was to use it likewise in this philosophical accuracy of speech (argumentat lone elevaiur). Eligo. 1. Flow many, and how bitter are the stumps and fibres of discontent ! which, -when the Body itself is come down, must ali he picked out (eligend<£ sunt). 2. I have read of a certain bird, called J^latalea., that lives by watching such fowls as dive into the water For when they have ducked and caught a fish, he iiies to them, presses their head with his beak 'till they let fall their prey, and then seizes upon it himself. It is further written of this bird, that he uses to fill himself v/ith shells, and when concocted by the heat of his stomach, to cast them up again, and thus to extract out of them matter of nourishment (atque ita ell- gere ex iis). Eluceo. 1. The reason why we Academ- ics dispute against every thing is, because what is probable could not appear clearly without comparing the arguments on either side of the question (elucere non posset). Emancipio. 1. Now, AVoman, I quit all right to myself^ and transfer it to you : I am yours i of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 14? yours ; all my labour and service I surrender up to you (jnc tibi emancipio.) 2. Old Age is then honourable, if it de- fends itself, if it maintains its own right, if it be turned over to no one from ont of its oivii iuasterji (si nemini emancipata est). Emergo. 1. As soon as he zvas got out of the Fens, after the loss of many men and horses, in the first dry ground he came to, he pitched his Camp ( de pallid ib us emersissetj : se niniirian. 2. Though the Laws be sunk under water by the power of any one, though liberty be over-awed and frighted, yet iJiei/ recover^ and rise lip again at last ( emerguni ) . Trans tat}, item Lucretius Lib. 2. Koctes at que dies niti prcestcmtl labor e Ad siunmas emergere opes, rerumque potiri. Pr6>p?v'^ ; Ovidius, Metam. o. 6S3. Undique dant saltus ; muliaque aspergine T or ant : ■ Tmer gnat que iter urn : redeuntque sub ce- quora rursiis. En UKquam. 1 . Yrhat vows have been made by every one in particular, and all in general ! How often have these words been heard in Assemblies: Will ever that Day come when we shall see Italij in the enjoyment of a firm Peace ( En iinquam ill<: dies) P Fornmla vehe- menter optantium. Virg. Eel. L v. 68". Fji luiquam pafrios longo post tempore fnesy 0 " Taupe- 148 The peculiar Use and Significaiion Fauperis et tiiguri congesium cespite atlmeji. Post aliquot, me a regna^ videns mirahor aris- Idem. Ec. 7- v. 7— [tas F En erit unquam Ille dies, mihi cum liceat iua dicer e facta f Eneco. 1. Perhaps you will say, they are few indeed, but vigorous in mind and body. Images they are, nay shadows of men ; starved icitli hunger and cold, eat up with fdth and nasti- ness, bruised and battered amongst rocks and chffs : their nerves shrunk and stilTwith snow, their limbs parched with frost, their arms shattered and broke, their horses iamie and weak (fame, fri gore, illuvie, squalor e enecii). Eo. 1. Refuse to supply him with money, immediaielij lie will have recourse to that by .which he perceives he can most work upon you, and threaten to leave you (ibit ad illud ilUcoJ. E6. 1. I am sure niy Son will be extremely concerned when he combes to know the mat- :ter. For this- reason lam desirous that she return home before him (Eh). Ter. Phor. 5, 1. ~ ■■ — - Is foe de nomine Ed per per am olim dixi, ne vos forii irnpru- denies f oris Effutiretis, ^c. 2. I wish Phormio had never thought of giving me such Counsel, nor drove me upon that^ which is the foundation of all my misery (eo impulisset^ quod), 3. When nf certain JVords in the Latin Tongue, 149 5. When the time for the show was ccme,^ and i heir minds and eyes zvere intent uj:on it y then, as was agreed, arose an uproar; and;, upon a signal given, the youths of Rome ran up and down to force away the ^"^irgins (die- aitcecjite eh raentes cum o cutis erant ). EODEM. 1 . Numitor having heard they v^'ere Twin- Brothers, bv comparing both their age and their very genius, which was by no means servile, v/as touched in his thoughts with the memory of his Sister's children; and by mak- ing exact enquiry, came so far as almost to own Remus ( eOdem pervenit ) . 2. As for the cause's assigned by Cteanthes, they shall be taken notice of when I discourse touchino: the Providence of the Gods. Thither zvill I likeicise remit ziJiat vou said Clirijsippus maintained ( Eodemque ilia etiani differ emus y quce) : h. e. in earn partem sermonis, uti moj: loquitur. 3. I say the Xight before last you came to the^ House of Marcus Lecca : That manif Abettors of your furv and treachery had their meeting there also (convenisse eodem complures^ bic.j ErGo. 1. Bv his conduct the Barbarians were cut off at Platcea^ and upon the account o f that Victory he presented a Tripod to Apollo (ejusque victor ice ergdj. Ehipio. 1. Seeing, Countrymen, that a thanksgiving is voted before all the Images > O 3 solemnize 150 The peculiar Use and Signification solemnize those days with your Wives and Children ; for many Honours have been justly and of due given to the immortal Gods, but in truth none ever more justly. For you have been rescued from most cruel and miserable de- siruction^ and rescued v^\\\\o\}X Slaughter, with- out Blood, without Army, without Fighting. ( Erepti enim estis ex miserrimo ac crudelissijna interiiu, et erepti, ^c.) Note. Men accused are elegantly said eripi', when contrary to justice they are acquitted ei- ther by force, or by the authority and interest of great Men. Erumpo. 1. The Enemy w^as deceitful, and only watched a fit opportunity to break the Truce. Within a very few days after, when" our Soldiers were grown remiss, when several were dispersed, others laid down to rest them- selves, and all the Arms lain up, they sallw forth out of the Town-Gates, and set fire to our Works (port is se for as erumpunt) . Et. 1. I am mightily obliged to the Sun and Moon, and yet they do not rise for me alone (et) : h. e. et tamen. Idem valet atque Teren. Adel. 1. 1. ^ Etiam. 1. I myself also, upon my Son's . account, go to the burial, as yet suspecting no harm fetiam). Etsi. 1. You see. Countrymen, the State and all your Lives, your Estates, Wives, and Children^ and this seat of the most renowned Empire, of certain IVords in (he Latin Tongue. 1.5 1 Empire, this day by the pecuUar love of the immortal Gods towards you ; by my labours, counsels, and dangers ; rescued from the very jaws of Destruction, and restored to you. Ncnr if those da^s zv here in we are delivered, are no less delightful and rernarkahle to ns, than those whereon we are born ; because the joy of .our being preserved is certain, the condition whereunto w^e are born uncertain : and since we have raised Monndus, the founder of this City, to the immortal Gods ; he sure, that has thus preserved this City, has reason to find some esteem^ with your Posterity ( Etsi noji minus juciindi attjiie illustres sunt ii dies qui" bus conservarnur) . Et si ponitur pro quod si. Ex. I. Foplicola endeavoured witli f he great- est earnestness to increase the liberty of the People fex summo studio). EXANTLO. 1. There was some power w^hich- had an especial Providence over man : nor would it beget or breed up such a being, as after it hadxvith paimun through and overcome all S07TS of Labours and Distresses, should then fall into the eternal evil of Death fciim exant-^ lavisset omnes lahores). ExCELLENS. 1. Virtue, as we all confess, possesses the highest and most exalted seat in Man (maxim} exce lien tern). 2. Great part of the Towns of that Province are fortified with Mountains, and built upoa places high b^ Nature (naturd excellent ibus EXCEPTIO,. 152 The peculiar Use and Significalion EXCEPTIO. 1. As Old-Age follows youth, so Death Old-Age. He refuses to live who is unwilling to die: For life was given rc;//// condition of taking Death along with it (cum except ione mori is). ExciPlo. 1, Tullus Hostilius is the imme- diate successor of Pompilius Numa : to whom the Kingdom was freely given in honour of his Virtue (excipit). 2. The next day Fetreius went privately out with a small party of Horse, to take a view of the Country ; and C?.9ar also detached an- other, for the same purpose, under the com- mand of Decidins Saxo. Both returned the same account, that for five miles together the Country was open and champaign : but after fhat^ roiigli and mountainous (inde exci- pere loca aspera et rnoniuosa). 3. As Chahrias upon his quick dispatch of Affairs got the favour of the King in a higli degree ; so he no less incurred the envy of the Court, when he alone w^as more esteemed than all of them together (non minorem invidiam, Sic. exccpit J. 4. No man was so drowsy as to close his Eyes that night : every one impatiently ex- pecting the issue of this Affair, and attending the fate of the Corsinians, Domltius, Lentulus, and the rest ; and xchat ivould be the final Event ef each ( qui quosque eventus exciperet), 5o Callicraies himself takes this part to act, and of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 155 and arms himself with the unwariness of his Friend (excipit has partes). ExciTO. 1. He erected a new Chapel in the Capitol to Guardian Jupiter^ and a Forum, which is now called Nervals Forum (excita- xii). EXCUTIO. 1. As long as reason holds the Reins, the Passions obey. When the Passions come into possession, tliey throw off Reasoa (excuiinnt) : tanqvam aurigam ex curru. EXKO; 1. Hirtitis^ Balbus,2Lndi Oppius wrote to Ccesar to advise him to land at Ostia ( exire ) : ^ navi scilicet. EXEQUOR. 1. Amp. Go on xoith your Stori/^ Al After that you bathed. Amp. What next? Al. Went to Supper : then to Bed. fPerge ex^ equi :) h. e. porrb dicere : rem^ ui gesta est, or^ dine enarrare. 2. Contumely is a lesser injury, which we may complain of rather than revenge ( exe^ qui) : h. e. vindicare, ulcisci. EXHAURIO. 1. O happy State, if it could throw out this Sink of the Town 1 In truths up07i the draining off Catiline alone, the State seem-.s to me much eased, and on the mending hand (iino mehercul^ Catilind exhaustoj. ExiGO. 1. The hopes of a great Prize of Pearls drew Cccsar into Great Britain the weight of which he used to try in his Hand^ and compare them one wath another (sua ma- nu e.xigere). Exigere proprVc est pondus rei ali-^ ciijus manu exphrare, 2. Next 154 The peculiar Use and Signification ^. Next to the immortal Gods, he paid the greatest honour to those Commanders who by their valour raised the Roman Empire to so great a height. Therefore he repaired their public Works, and dedicated their Sta- tues in both the Porticos of his Forum. And this he declared by an Edict he did, that both himself, whilst he was living, and his Sue-, cessors 'might be tried and zveighed by their' Pattern (adillorum exemplar exigerentur). ' 3. You ought to approve your ow^n man- ners to your Father, not to be an overseer and censor to your Father'* s manners (patris exige- re). Exigere verbum est inter datm potest atis, €t prcepositorum negotlOy iit ritl ac diligenter ' Jiat. ExiMO. 1. Alexander on the sixth Day,j being speechless, tookhh V\mg from his FijiA ger, and delivered it to Perdiccas ( exemptum\ digito). Hor.-Epist. 22. ' ^iiid te exempt a jui^ai spinis de pluribns nna f\ Fe5'/)a",s7'<272 dreamed that his own, and the j ^ felicity of his Family should commence upon' the pulling out of one of Nero\ Teeth : and! it so fell out, that the next day, coming!' into the Palace, he met the Surgeon, who 1 shevv^ed him the Tooth xvliich he had just before drawn ( tan turn quod exemptum /Tantum quod^ i pro, commodum ante, aut, pauxillum ante, imi-^ w tandi auctor non sim. ^ i Old-Age presses behind, and objects to f)f certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 155 us years spent in vain studies. Let us make so much the more haste, and by our labour repair the losses of our youth, that has been taken off from business and ill emnloyed (malt exempue) : h. e. optimis sludiis abstractde^ et i-anis traducuc. ExiXDE. 1. She comm-^nds all her Subjects to wear the same habit: which fashion the whole Nation Jtas continued ever since (exinde, j tenet), ExPECTO. 1, They are both with him : him thev love : but mv deatli ihey impatienilij long for to be sure (expectant scilicet J. '2. A Father having objected to his Son, that he ivaitedfor his Death : Indeed Sir, says he, I do not wait for it. Upon which the Father, Xay, but I desire vou may wait for it (quod mortem suam expect aret ) . 3. It Fortune has taken from a ^lan his Estate, or injustice forced it trom him; how- ever as long as his Reputation is entire, his integrity easily comforts his Poverty. Another, marked eicher with ignominy, or cast in a dis- honest Suit, keeps his Estate; at least does not, which is a most wretched thing, look for his mpport from another s icealth : he has this however to bear him up in his miseries. But he whose Goods are sold, whose Fortune is with disgrace subjected to the public Crier, is not only turned out of the number of the living, but, if possible, sent away even below 156 The peculiar Use and Signification the dead f alt eriiis opus ncn expcctat) : h. e. ex opihus alterius vitam tiieri ac sustentare nidliis cogitur. EXPEDIO. 1. / had scarce disengaged my Affections that zvere hampered in that amour, and removed them to Philumena, when lo, a new thing is started to force me violently from her too (animum impeditum expedivi).^ 2. Now xvill I lay dozvn the rites and cus- toms of each Nation in particular, and howr they differ (expediam) : h. e. explicaho, expo-^ nam. 3. Being taken Prisoner by the Pirates, he immediately dispatched away his Fellow- Travellers, and most of his Retinue, to raise 7noney for\{\'$> ransom (ad expediendas pecuriias, quihus, ^c.) 4. The Vitellian Party provide themselves with Hurdles and all Instruments necessary and usual to cover their Men in their ap- proaches to the City, and secure the Miners from the Enemy : the besieged get together . sharp Stakes and large Timber, huge Stones and massy weights of Lead and Brass to break through their Works, burst their Coverts, and crush those to pieces, w^ho under that Pro- tection advanced to sap the Walls (expediunt). Virg. ^n. 6. 218. Fars calidos latices, et dena undantia flammis .Expediiinty corpusque lavant frigentis et un- gunt. EXPERIOR. of certain Words in tlit Latm Tongue, 15 y EXPERIOR. 1. CiEsar met idth but three Checks in the v/hole career of his Victories r First, the loss of ahiiost his whole Fleet upon the Coast of Britain : Secondly, the overthrow of a whole Legion before Gergovia in Gaul: and lastly, the insidious slaughter of his two Lieutenants, Titurius and Aurunculeius fexpev'- tus est). 2. Since I am conscious to myself that this mishap cannot be charged either to my covet- ousness, or to any base ends that 1 or my Daughter had in it ; / zcill have a trial at Laio (experiarj : Y-\^i\h,jus mtum lege experinr. EXPERS. 1. They have given my Goodi> to the People to mia'ke havock of ^ that there might not he any one that had not a share in the zC'icktdness ( ne quis expers sceleris esset). EXPETO. 1. Though he himself escapes the punishment of his wickednesses by dying, vet they sJiall he visited upon his Children andPos« terity (expetentur ea paiwe d liberis, (>c.) EXPLEO. I. Go to the Women, and offer the same Oath to them : satisfy them, fully, and clear yourself of this Charge fexple lis ani- mum ). 2 Whv, Philomel, dost thou complain of the wickedness of the Thracian King r That complaint has its full completion of Years f an- nis suis explcia est), EXFONO. L Fourteen of the Seamen were P . - ■ ^ - put 158 The peculiar Use and Signification put ashore upon the Coast of Guinea (in littus expositij- EXPOSCO. 1. The King kept his word to huTi : ¥ov wh^n he teas demanded to punish- ment by the Athenians and Lacedccmonians^ he would not dehver him up (exposceretur). Vide Deposco. EXPRIMO. L A few Days before, he had squeezed out of one of C.f.swV servants, five and twenty thousand crowns for a stevvard■' -ship which he had begged for him (express-^ erai). Teren. Eun. 1.1. Hcec verba una viehercle falsa lacrimula^ Q^uaniy 0C2U0S terendo viisere, vi vix expresse- ' Bestinguet. \rit, Exuo. 1. He loved to exercise his libera- lity in those things which might do -him honour: a virtue which he retained along time after he had divested himself of the rest (cum cccteras exueret,) FABULA. L He considered hozv much odious talk he had raised, both in his own Army, and among the Nations he had con- quered (quantum fabularum atque invidiaj : h. e. quos sermones, Sermo enim fere in sinistram partem adhibetur^ utsuo loco videreest. F/VBULOR. of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 159 FaBULOR. 1 . / icill speak loud, that he may bear what I say, and tremble the more (fa- hiilabor). Q. I am thoroughly awake, and without dreaming tell you the pure truth (fabulor). Facies. 1. What sort of a man is your Saurea f L. Thin-jawed, reddish -haired, some- %vhat paunch-bellied, fierce-eyed, of a middle stature. ( Qud facie vester Saurea est FJ Facies tolinn corporis habiiuni denotat. Facile. \, Without dispute {^-^x o[\q^-. ing is greater than the pleasure of enjoying (Facile), Q. T/ie more plentifully you live, the greater interest and power you have, — so much the more honest and just ought you to be fqudm "vos facilUm} agitisy Sic. tarn maxi?n^ :) h. e. quant h vosfacilitis, Ss\\ 3. The Egyptians say, there is reason to think the first Men were born in that Coun- tiy, where they might be brought up in the greatest plenty ( educari facillime). 4. Because I delight in these parts most, and live liere zvith the greatest ease and satisfaction^ therefore some People think I intend to come to Home no more ( Subd in his locis facillim^ sum J, 5. Hens, and other Fo\yI, not only look for a quiet place to lay in, but also make holes and nests, and strew them as soft as they can^ that the Eggs may be kept zoith^all the tender- V^ ness 260 The peculiar Use and Signification ness tkai may he (qudm facilUm}, 8s\- s erven t-. Mr J. FacilIS. L Your Affairs and Fortanes, %vhich 1 am extremely concerned for, appear to me better^ and in a more hopeful and pi^os- per ous condition every day (facilioresqne) : h. e.. .Lcetiore$^ magis ex senteniid. Li v. 13. 2. Bes *Oesirde meli&res facilioresqne erunty magisque ex sententid, 2. They were neither disposed to Oiho, nor fond of Vitellius, but softened by a long peace^ and ripe for slavery ; ready to surrender to the first that should claim, and not at all inquisi- live v^hicH side it was best to take (facilcs oc- cupantibus). . Facio. L Though I know that I have au- tbprlty enough to force you to do what I at 'any time command you ; yet, prevailed upon by a fatherly affection, / shcdl so order the mat- ter ets to give way to yon, nor will I cross your bum our (faciani, ut i ibi concedani) . When it was the opinion of the most eminent and honourable men of the city, who upon hearing the matter came early to my house in great number (frequentes ) \}i\2X the Letters should be first opened by me, be- fore they were proposed in the House ^ lest an alarm should be rashly given in the City:, / said I icould not but in a ptiblic danger pro- pound the matter just as I found it to the pub- He Counsel (negavi me esse facturum^ ut de periculo of certain Words in the Latin Tongue, 161 J)f7'iculo publico non ad CdnsUiiun publicum ran in ttgram defer rem ) . 3. Against our nill it is that vce so often trouble your Ma-jesty with the wrongs done by your Subjects, afrer a Peace so lately re- newed j but 'vve are fully persuaded that your ^Iaie>ty disapproves their being com= mitted, so neither can we be wanting to the complaints of our People ( Inviii facimus ut^ ib)^c. toties interpeltenius ) . 4. Ye can all bear me witness, tliat I have omitted nothing that could liny ways help to- the cure of rny Disease (7ne nildl 7'eliqui fc-^ cissej. 5. C^sar,. casJiiered his ninth Legion at Placeniia with ignominy and disgrace, though Pompeij was still in Arms ; and was not after- wards prevailed upon, without earnest and repeated applicaiions, and Justice done upon tLe OrTenders, to re-admit them into his ser- vice ./^^/^ a //zyd-r// A , , 6. If you think it convenrent to undertake the Protection of our People merchandising among ye \ w-e shall take that care, that you shall be sensible from timeto time of our grate- ful acceptance of your kindness, as often as your Subjects shall have any dealings wdthin our Territories; orthtir Ships (as it frequently happens) put into our Ports ,'nostrorum homi- Tuim apud vos mercaiuram faciaUium J : sic,/a- cC'^e medicinam: argentarianu piratic am^ P 3 ' 7. 362 The peculiar Use and SignificatioM 7. We call Gods and Men to witness, that we neither took up Arms against our Country, nor to create danger to others ; but to secure our own Bodies from injury (neque tpio periculum. aliis facer emus ) . 8. No Remedies applied to Wounds caus& so much pain as those that are salutary (iam fac hint dolor em). 9. After the defeat o{ AntiochuSy Hannibal, fearing lest he should be delivered up to the .PiomanSy (as it had certainly happened, if he- had ^iven them an opportunity of taking him^)- went mio Crete to , the Gortynians, that he might have time there to consider how to dis- pose of himself for the future f si S2d. fecisset potest atem), 10.. If a Merchant in a storm be forced to^ throw his Goods over-board, whether ■ of the tv/o should he eh use tv cast aivay- a valuable horse, or a servant that is good for nothing (pofias jacturam faciat) f 1 1 . Many have been found; who were ready, to spend their Estates and. Lives for the good of their Country, but yet vvould not suffer the- least diminution of their Honour f glcrice jac- turam ne minimam qnidem facerc) , The Veierans\ by their urr-iliness and: excessive licence, confounded ail things, and destroyed as well those on whose side they were, as those they zv€re against ( qiidm adver- sus qiws fecerintj. Id. The ef certain JFords in the Latin Tongue. 16S~ . 13. The Army was inspired with new Cou« rage when they observed the Gods icej^e on their side (facere stcum), 14. Leonnatus endeavoured to gain this Man to his interest : and not being able to do it,, attempted to murder him 3 and so he had, but that heprivately made his escape by night (et Jecissetj. Virg. J£.n. 2. 108. S^epe fugarn Danai Trojd ciipiere relictd - Moliri, et longo fessi discedere bello, Fecissentque utinam ! ■ 1-5. E. Alight I presume to instruct you^ I would shew you such a CiCver way as you. would both approve of, or 1 am much mista-- ken. P. What is that r E. You will laugh at: me. P. In troth : that all will be unanimous, and wish one another all they desire (invicemque sibi factum velintj . ^7. Now ^yf certain IFords i?i the Lathi Tongue. 165 27. Now, Nausisfrata, assist nie with youi- service, as you did lately v/ilh your purse. ISf. I wish you w^hat you desire, and icill promote it to the utmost of 'iny Pozcer (Factmn voloj, 28. Tkejj do ilt tikewise who banish all Stran-gers, and forbid them the City ; as Pennus did in the preceding Age, and P aphis but lately //kf^?/^ etiam ) : neinpc faciunt, quodfacitt siihintetUgitur. 29. He sacrificed six Goats to Venus, and yet was not able to render her propitious ta him ( e am facer e^ iit esset). Factito. 1. This Man summoned before the Senate Annms Faustifs, a Gentleman of Bo?ne, and Vvho in the time of Nero h.admadc- a trade of infer mhig (delationes factitacerat)^.^ It a Cicero in Bruto ; ^ui quum tanto nomine esset, patremque optimum drum hahidsset et jiiris peritissimum, acciisationem factiiaverit. Facultas. 1. There was in that Town an exceeding plenty of all things necessary for the caiTying on a War fsumma facultas). 2. You have a Leader, mindful of you, for- getful of himself ; an ovportinii^ij not abcays, given: you have all Ranks, all Men, all the Rom.an People, which in a civil case we now first behold in one and the same mind ( quS}"i?//2, understanding how affairs went in Italy y Q 2 ivid 17^ The peculiar Use and Signification and doiihfing^ the success of Pompey's Causes ( diffidens Pompeianis rebus J used to speak very favourably, of Cccsar : Tliat Fompey having- retained him for his Lieutenant, he was oblig- ed to be faithful to him, but his private In- cHnations made him v^ish well to the other« This xvas the subject of all his Discourse in pub- lie, without declaring for either side. But afterwards, when he understood Casar had fidl business at the siege of Marseilles, fad Massiliam dist inert,) that Pet reins and Afra- 7iius were joined, he likewise began to tack about with Fortune, (Ilac omnibus fcrebat ser- monibus.) 16. 'Titus Vespasian had "been sent out of Judcea by his Father before the Death of GaU ha. The reason he gave out for his journey was^ his duty to the Emperor, and that he might recommend himself to his favour for some advancement, or mark of his esteem (causam profectionis Kc. ferebat). 17. Even PJiilo himself could not forbear scorning the effeminate E'ncureans and their luscious Pleasures (ferre non poterat asperna- ri) : h.e. pali non poluit, quin aspernaretiir, 18. Riches so affect and delight a Man, as a prosperous and fair JVind does one that is at Sea fferens ventus). Virg. M.n-. 3. 472- Interea classem veUs aptare jubebat Anchises, feret vento mora ne qua ferenti. FiPES. 1, I then break my word when I do of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 173 dj not perform my promise, though all things are in the same state that they were in when I made the promise. A change ot circum- stances leaves me at liberty to take new mea- sures, and disrharges n\Q from my promise ffdc liber at): d me cuipiam data nimirum ; h. e. promisso. 2. He says he will give me Pamphyta, if I will promise him to have no more to do with you (si fidem haheat) : d me accept am nempe,. sibi d me datam : h. e. si sibi nromisero. FiXGO. I. Well might Socratts have ahvays the same look, when there w^as no alteratioa in hi:3 Mind, by which that is fashioned (is Jin- gilur). ^ 2. \^essels of Plate you may see among them, presented to their Ambassadors and Princes ; but as little valued as those made of Earth ( qudra qiue hiimo fngiuiiur j . 3. IVhen the Anil>assadors brought him. word tiiat the King rehised to send him aid,, concealing the cause, lie prepares a sudden. departure (fingit profeciionem) ; h. e. adornaiy par at ^ moliiur. FiNlO. 1. In the Alouth is placed the Tongue bound by the Teeth ffnitai. Hoc ve]\;o uiuntur Veteres, pro circun.scribere ali- mid certis finibus et terminis : rarius profnein iniponere. Finis. 1. It is one thing to conceal, an- jqtber not to tell : nor do I conceal from you Q. J now.» 174^ The peculiar Use and Significaiion Jiow, if I do not tell you, what the nature of the Gods is, or zvhal the sovereign Good is (qiLis sit ^finis. bonorum). 2. What shall I say to the tenderness of Brutes in educating and looking to their Issue, ^tillsuch lime as they are able to shift for them- selves ( iisciiie ad eum finem^ dum ) ? FlO. I. Within a few Days atier these things^ Chrijsis A'lt^. S O joyful Neivs ! I was always afraid of Chrysis ( Of a turn henh) I Ita dice- hani veieres, uhi quid f elicit er et ex animi sen- tentid evenerat. Contrarium est, O FACTUM MALE i Catullus, Epigr. 3. O factum malt I O iniselle Passer ! Tud nunc opera meae puellcje Flendo turgiduli rubent ocelli,- — Sic et Be- ne, probe, male narras. 2. I came to my Gentleman to tell him we wanted money, and how it might be got. 1 had scarce opened my lips, but he knew my meaning. ( idjieret : li. e. inveniretur, compa- raretur,) 3. Our Friend Pompey, after a sore fit of Sickness at Naples grew better : the Neapoli- tans put on Garlands : the adjacent Towns deputed Members of their own to congratu- late him in the name of their Corporations fPompeio, 8{c. melius est factum). 4. But let us have done with Fables and foreign Examples, and come to matter of fact and Examples of our own ( ad rem fact am). FCEDO of certain Words hi I he Latin Tongue. 17a FcEDO. 1. Seeing things in this State, he orders the CavaU-y to advance : these horribly mangle and slaughter the Enemy's Forces XfcedantJ. FcEDUS, A, UM. 1. His complexion vv'as wan and pale, his Eyes fierce and cruel^ his gait sometimes quick^ sometimes slow (fcedibculi). 2. If rhe immortal Gods are pleased to have this the issue of my Consalship ; that I should rescue yon ^ my Lords, and the Roman People from a miserable mas^acre ; your Wives and Children, and the ^''estal Virgins from most violent Rapin (vexalio) y their Temples and Oratories, and this most renovrned Country, from a most execrable flame ; all Italy from "Tar and Desolation : whatever Fortune shall be proposed to my single Person, let it fall ( at t OS, Sic. ex fcecUssimd flaramd, &ic. eriperenij. 3. At his landing his Foot slipped.: this the hv-standers looked upon as an unlucl'y omen ffcrdus). tORMA. 1. When I have by. your Letters seen the model and platform of the Flouse, I shall be ab>e to judge what the building it- self will be (for mam J. FoRTlS. L P. ^uintiiis has for his Adver- sary in appearance Hex. Ncevins^ in reality the most eloquent J^Ien of this Age : the sturdiest^ the most accomplished of our State ; v/no vrith united zeal and utmost power defend Sex. IS cevius: if this be defending, to comply with another's 176 The peculiar Use and Signification another's inordinate desire, whereby he may the more easily overthrow whom he pleases by unjust judgment (fortissimos ) : qui clltntes suos magna constantid defendunt, et illorum causa nulla non pericida subeunt, et odia quo- rumvis siiscipiunt. Sic fortiter judicare. Cic^ pro Milone^ 8. Fortis actor, in Or at. pro Sext. est qui audet in Scend dicere, qiue multorum in S€ concitant offensionem et odium. Fortis ami- cus ; qui amicorum causd nullum discrimen re- Jtigit. Grsevius. Franco. 1. \1^xc\x\qs, was mastered by pain even at that time when he was acquiring im- mortality by his very death ( dolore frangebat' ur). If Plato alledged no reason for this his opinion (see what a deference I have for him !) yet he ivould stagger me with his bare authori- ty (me f ranger et) . Fraus. 1. What is it to act knavishly un- less this be so, to draw a Man vvdlfully and designedly into the greatest Mischief ( in maxi- mam fraiidem ) ? 2. The Senate declares him an Enemy : they appoint his Accomplices a day, before v.^hick they might xoith impunity lay down their Arms (sine fraude). Fraus etiam pro noxia sive culpa accipitur. \ Frequens. 1. Let a Man have health,, riches, many im.ages of Ancestors, a crowded Court-yard'^ yet if he be an ill Man, you will dislike- of certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 177 r -^i^Yi^Q^v.m (frequens atrium): clientibus, et iulutatoribus. FrequExXTER. 1. ThcV^xxQi.'Cmt Eastern mimick, is dead O ye birds, attend her Fu- neral in full bodies (frequenter) : Kara, '^iSfiog, cn t roups, en corps, FftFQUENTiA. F Those who were counted, and surnamed the Wise, as Caio, and Lceliiis^ and particularly the famous Seven, w^ere not truly and perfectly wise ; but hj freqvenihf practising tJie middle ordinary Duties^ got a sort of shew and resemblance of true Wisdom (ex mediormn officiGruni frequent ia). Frequento. 1. I see the Com.missioners of the Treasury and all the Clerks have flock- ed hither to defend the State, zvhom this Day hacing casually dravcn in great numbers to the Treasury, I see to be turned, from the busi- ness of Money to the common safety (qiios cum casu hie dies ad (Zr avium frequent as set) : h. e. frequejites adduxisset, aggregasset, Plau- tus Cistell. 1.1. Fol istoc auidem nos pretio (prandio nimirum) est facile frequentare tibi h. e. eficere ut ad ie frequenter veniamus. 2. They took their opportunity when Pa- carius\YRS bathing, and his Retinue being step- ped aside, surprised him, and killed him ( cli-^ gressis qui eum frequent ah ant ) . FPvUOR. 1. Are we come hither to behold the conflagration of our Confederates houses 178 The peculiar Use and Sigmficaiion as a ihing to delig/il and feed on?' Eyes with (ut rem fruendam oculisj P Fructus. ]. Some came to see him out of hatred, to delight their Eyes zvith his calamity : others, upon the account of friendship that for- merly had been bet\¥ixt them, to comfort him in his Adversity f ut fnictiim oculis ex ejus casu caper en t J. Frugi. Note. The Greeks call frugi homi- nes, that is, Men of honesty and integrity, XT^' (Tiixsg, useful only : but the word frugalitas is ofa- larger extent ; for it means all sorts of Abstinence , all sorts of Innocence ; otherwise Lucius Piso had not been surnamed Frugi. Cic. Frugi op- ponitor rm nequam. 1. G, What you ordered is done, Demea, D. Thou art a careful honest Felloiv (Frugi es). Servis ac libertis vox Juec propril tribuit- tir. FuGA. 1 . Do you make any scruple to com- mit that life of your's, rescued from many due and well -deserved Punishments, to exile and solitude f Move it, say you, in the House; for that is your request :-and if the Senate shall vote you must be banished, you say you will submit. I will not move it ; which is a thing goes much against (quod ahhorret d) my Dis- position ; and yet I will so order the matter, that you may understand the Sense of the House concerning you, (f'^goi solitudinique majidare^J of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 17§ FuGlO. L The Carthaginians^ to whom hQ ^vas sent by the Tyrant, honoured him highly ; insomuch, that they never had any Grecian in more Admh ration. Nor, indeed, zvas Dio- nysius ignorant of these things : for he was sen- sible what an ornament he was to hmi f 7ieq2ie verb hdcc Dionysinni fugiebant ) . 2, If a Man be setting JVine that ivill not keep, and lie knoics it, is he bound to tell this? Diogenes thinks there is no necessity for it : Autipaier takes it to be the Duty of an honest ]Man (vimun fiigiens.vendat sciens) . FUTILIS. 1. For me to have trusted all that is dear to me, to a xveak ^/za//(9rc Servant (futili) h. e. levi. A vase quod futile dicitur, acut^ fundo^ et patulo ore, euqiie instahite. G. GEEO. 1 . Having continued New^s brought him of the itt success ^/Darius, he ex-- horted the Commanders of the Bridge not to let slip an opportunity, which Fortune had put into their Hands, of freeing all Greece (mat}: rem gerere Darium). 2. / Cains CiCsar^ the Atciiiever of such mighty things, had been condemned by the Senate, had I not begged the assistance of my Army (Taniis rebus gestis Caius Ccesar). 5, The 180 The peculiar Use and Signification 3, The Managers of State-affairs Y\Q much more open to the assaults of Passions, than those that spend their Days in privacy and retirement (Qui Remp. gerunt ). 4. For ho_w slight Offences do Children keep up Quarrels one vv^ith another ! Y/bat is the reason of it ? Because they have a weak Mind that governs them ( gerunt j. Gestito. \. Mer. Some Voice fiies this . way. So. It seems then I have a winged Voice (gestito). Gladiator. 1. He behaved himself so rudely at the Gladiator Sports, that he was not only hissed, but at last beat ( GladiatorihusJ :- h. e. ciim ludi gladiator a darentur, exhiherent- , . iir. Sic comitiis, pro, durn comitia haherent- vr : CircensibuS;> pj^o, quum Circenses dareiit- urj censu,^ quando census agitur. Vide Gro- novium de Pec. Vet. Lib. 4. C. 1. Grassor. 1. With what cruelty the autho- ' rity of this Edict has raged against a needy and harmless People, we make no question but that yoii have been already informed (grass at a sit). '> Gratia. I. These Counsels of yours are i much as if a Physician, having a Patient who j might be recovered out of hand, if he would ' resolutely suffer himself to be cured, should by grat ifying him with something to eat or drink for the present, mske his Disease long, and peradven- j &f certain JVords in the Latin Tongue, ISl peradventurc incurable (cibi gratia prcesentis aid potionis). 2. He gave those leave to return their Horses^ who being above thirty-five Years of Age, were unwilling to retain them longer (eqiii reddendi gratia ni fecit eis, &.'c.J 3. Fools think it a \veakness not to'reqidte those that injure us in their kind (gratiam re^ ferre) : parem nimirum. 4. But what shall I say ? They are the fifth and the twentieth Legion which have revolt- ed : the one of them enrolled by the hand of Tiberius \\\msQ\i and the other the constant Comipanion of his Victories, and enriched bj his Bounties. You make your General in re- tuim a glorious acknowledgment of his favours (Egregiam duci vestro gratiam refertisj, ■ Gratificor. 1. They that gratify any one in a thing which is really a prejudice to him,, are so far from being kind and obliging, that they ought to be accounted the most perni- cious flatterers (gratificantur cuipiam, quod)._ Gratulatio. 1. Death, with which per- haps they menace me, is appointed for all ; but so great a praise of Life, as you by your Acts have honoured me with, no one has attained to : For ye have voted to all others always a public Thanksgiving for having well served, but to me alone for having preserved the State (gratidaiiGneni decrevistisj . I Gratulor. L Cease, Wife, stunning the i R Gods 182 The peculiar Use and Signification Gods with returning them thanks that you have found your Daughter; unless you judge of them by your own nature, that they under- stand nothing unless it be repeated a hundred times over (graiidando) GkaTUS. 1. I and my Father have deserv- ed w^ell of you and your Republic ; but it was never my Father's custom to upbraid good Men with the good he did them. He thinks ye have a grateful sense of it, and that he has reason to do ye the Kindnesses he does (id sibi gratum esse d vobis) : h e. (2 vestrd parte. 2. I am glad if 1 have done or do any thing that pleases you; and I am obliged to jonfor having resented it kindly (id adversiim te gra- tum fids se ) . Gravis. 1. It is my opinion, that if Ptoa had taken to the Bar, he would have proved a most potveifid zndi copious Orator (gravissi- musj. Gravis in hdc notioiie videtur respondere Grceco ^si'/og. II. ITABEO. 1. I am come to intreat your "1 friendship ; which if I may obtain, t/ou shall find me as good a friend as your Father did a brave Enemy (nan miniXs me bonum ami- ciim habebis). 2. The slain he burnt, his prisoners he used tenderly, and sent them home without ransom (indulgenter habuit). 3, No (?/ certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 1S5 3. Xo cne thinks the injuries he receives small : many have taken them more htincusly than is reasonable f grariils cequo habiicre 4. If you had n jl promised me your assist- ance, and been obliged to defend me, I should take it less ill, and think myself less injured (minus cEgre haheam). 5. The Trojans, as I have been informed, built and inhabited first the City of Rome (ha- hutre . Ita Cicero, Epist. ad Fam. Lib. 7* Epi^t. 6., 2,UcC Corinthum^ arccni aham, Jiabc- bant matroude opulenta. 6. D. Periphanes the:; say lives somewhere hereabout. P. Certainly I must know that IVoman. Is it she that I imagine^, or no r fdic- tus est habere.) 7. They leveiled Mountains ; they built upon the Sea. Riches that thci/ might fiai'e viade a creditable use of they scandaloudy abused fquas honesie habere licebat), 8. I resolved to spend the remaining part of wij Life far from public Business and Srate- alfairs (reliouam ceiatem habere) : h. e. agere. 9. Let us go to ycur House, and there spend this Day merrilv ( habeamusj : h. e. su- mamus, ut loquitur T-^rentius. 10. Be per made d of this at least as a certain Truih, that unless the Soul is cured (which can never be done without Philosophv) there will be no end of our miseries (Itlud end- dtm sic habetoj, R 2 II. A 1S4 The peaiUar Use a?td Slgniflcatian 11. A. poor Man^ though he cannot re- quite an obligation, can ackiiozvledge it at kasi ( habere certe). 12. What equity is there in this, that when Estates have been held for a great many Years^ or perhaps Ages, the rightful owners should be thrust out of them, and others, that never had any, come and possess them ( Quain hahet ^- quit at em, tit, Sic. J 13. This thing seeins to cany Injustiee xvith it, if you command it : Yet let it be resolved,, if it be your will and pleasure (habere videfury Kc. iniquitaiem) . 14. Fie governed Sicily and Sardinia by De- puties (Jiabuit) : h. e. teiniit, rexit. Tac. Ann. Lib. 1. Cap. 1. Urbem Romam d priiicipio gesjiabiicre. 15. I have a mind to take this occasion to relate after what manner our Ancestors manage ed the Republic, and how great they left it; how it changed by degree;^, and f om the best and most virtuous, became the worbt and most scandalous fgi/o wodo Remp. habuerint) : h. adrainistrarint , gubernarint. 16. It is the way of our Sect to pursue what has the greatest appearance of Truth; for be- yond probabilities we_ are not able to advance (non habemus). 17. / cannot conceive xohat can be a greater 'profit, in the imaginalion of the vidgar, than that of being a King oa the other side, when 1 coa* of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. IS5 I consider the real Truth of the thing, I find nothing more unprofitable to him that has ar- rived at it un'u-tly. fXan hab€0,ad imlgi opi- nionem, qiice major, S^'c.J 18. For these singular favours I thought I should be as dear to you as if 1 had been your Father, ?ior rvas I mistaken in this (neque ea resfalsiim me kalmil j : h. e. fefellit. 19- The greatest number came out of cu- riosity to con .emplate his form, and to know what sort of a man he was whom they had so long feared, and in whose destruction they had placed aU their hopes of Victory (positam ha- hiiissent ) QO. Those that were her humble servants carried my Son also with them to bear then? company. I immiediatel}^ said with myself ^ He is certainly taken : he has it fhabetj : vitl- 7ins nempe. Propri} diciiur de gladiatorilms quiaprius alii vident^ qiidm ipsi sentiuni, se per- cusses. Donatus, 21. Ino, Cadnins's Daughter, named by the Greeks Leiicothea, is termed by the Romans Matuta ( hahetur ). 22. In the room of modesty, truth, and in^ tegrity, succeeded frauds, cheats, and violence, with a cursed desire of being rich (hahendi), 23. Marseilles is fortified almost on three several -ides by the Sea. The remaining fourth part is ail the Access it has by Land. Part of this Avenue, that leads to the Tower, R 3 beinp- 186 The peculiar Use and Signification being equally fortified by Nature and a very deep Ditch, requires a long and difficult Siege ta take it (longam et diJJicUem hahet oppiigna- iionenij. 24. Hands were given to Elephants, because the bulk of their Bodies made it difficult for them to come to their Food (propter magnitiidinem corporis difficiles aditiis hahehant). 25. This is all I had to deliver concerning the nature of the Gods: not to the intent oY destroying it, but only of letting you see how obscure it was, and how diffi.cult to be explained (et quam difficiles explicatus haberet). 26. That xvas the fortieth Year of Cceciiia's Soldiery, either as a private Soldier or a Com- mander. In which time having had trial both, of prosperous and adverse Fortune, he wa& become intrepid. ( 2y adragesimirm id stipendi- wn decina parendi ant imperitandi habebat.) 27- Having lost all their Vessels, they who- cscaped the slaughter neither knew whither ta fly, nor hcxv to defend their towns against Cce- sar f negue (jnemadnwdum, habebant). 28. The Civil War between Pompey and || Ccesar fell out in abo?tt tiie sixtieth Year of his Ij Age (cum haberet annos circiter sexaginia), \ 29^ It is very observable, that the desire of 'f' power manifestly gathered strength, and ex- erted itself more vigorously in proportion as j the Empire itself grew greater. While our Territories were strait^ men tvere^ well contented i to I I of certain Words hi the Latin T ongiie. Igf to stand upon the level witJi their Neighbours : but when by vanquishing rival States or Kings, opportunity was given for enlarging men^s desires, then first Contention? broke out be- tween the Senate and Commonalty ( aqualitas facill hahebatiirj. 30. The splendor of riches and beauty is perishing and frail ; the possession of Virtne is glorious aVid eternal (virtus clara ccternaqiic habelurj. Hactenus. 1. It is vrell if a Man can en=^ hance that credit and reputation he has got by the splendor of his Flouse : but he must not depend upon his House alone for it ; for the blaster ought to bring honour to his tine Seat, and not the fine Seat bring honour to' its Master. Ajid so vnich for this Head (Atque hcvc quidera hactenus). - , H.EREO. 1. Ail the while I w^as in afflictian for the loss of my Daughter, Cornelius tvas perpetually ivith me ( mihi assiduus hcesitj vox : de iis qui comitantur, proseqiamtur^ cura aliquo multiim sunt. ^2. P. Marry your Son as soon as you can. R. I like your advice ; for I hear he is en-- tangled in love ivith a ^/iusic Girl (in amorem ' hderere apud, &ic.J HlC. 1. Commend and imitate him that is "not unwilhng to die in his youth, when it is a pleasure to live. For wdiat Virtue is it to ISS The peculiar Use and Signification go out when you are turned out ? Yef there is even in this a Virtue (tamen est et hie). 2. Our coinmon discourse I zvoidd have to he mch as that zvherein the followers of Socrates excel ; easy and good-natured, witkout any stubbornness or stitiness in opinion : Let it be seasoned with mirth and pleasantness, and not be too tedious, pert, and assuming, as though it had a right to the attention of the hearer. (Sit hie sermOy in quo.) 3. The Capitol also was built with square stone, a Work to be admired eve?i in the pre- sent grandeur of the Citij (vel in hdc viagniji-^ cent id urbis). 4. Was this the reason of those' ^rQ^^ltr\t Joiirnies and long Stays at Lemnos / W^as this the reason of the low price of Corn that made our Rents fall (haccine erant itiones)? h. e. hinc^ ex hdc causa? Terent. And. 1. 1. 99. Hinc nice lacryrnce : h^ec ilia est miser icordia. 5. In the first place I tell you; 1 his^ that yon think to he., is not a true marriage (quas credis esse has ). Pervei'se satis. 6. Ccesar being apprised of their intention, inarched his Army into the Confines of Cassi- vetlanus, towards the Thames: which River only fordahle in cme place, and that with diffi- €idty (pedibus,.atque hoc cegriy fronsiri potest). HiNC. 1. I will endeavour to get the Mo- ney of this Man, from i intended at first (hinc undej. Homo. certain Words in the Latin Tongue, IS J FIoMO. 1. Can you think I have common ffcnst? I v/as out. You must come back again to the Portico. This is much the nearer way, and easier to hit. ( Censen' hominem me esse?) 2. If you were a Man of Sense ^ you would let your Son do these thing now, rather than at an asre when thev will less become him { Si esses Iiomoj . Hominem cu^ro, noium est apni Ph-^drum. 3. If Ke could withdraw himself all of a sudden from one th-at he had been acquainted ■with so many Years, 1 should not reckon him me of human passions (hominem). "4. P^/r<:;c/z/.v would carry £?^7;vp3//z/,? in, rest him upon a Pallet, ar,d get his Wounds dress- ed for him, if at least he had any hu.nanily in him fsi quidem homo e.^set ). 5 Injustice has oftentimes no other cause but fear. But, generally speakings Men set upon doing ici^ong that thev may thereby compass -such things as they have a strong desire for (Maximam autem partem ad injuriam facien- dam oggred iun in i 'J . 6. Shall I, says a Man, be turned out of my Father's and Grand-fa. her's Estate (inquit) : nemne Jiomo. Hue. 1. In this they lodge select num- bers of Men, and load the Machine with .armed Soldiers (hue). Jaceo, -190 The peculiar Use mid Signification J- JACEO. 1. Poetry lay disregarded^ and found 710 Countenance among the Romans\ for some ages (jaciiit). Jacto. 1 . I have a love for Curio : For Pom-, pey \ could even die. But nothing is deare to me than the Republic, in which you do no much busy yourself ( tu non valdl tejactas). 2. The Tribunes of the People held a com- mon Consultation with the Pr.etors about fix- ing the value and rate of Money. For in^ th'jse times the Coin XDas shifted about in such an unsettled manner, that a Man could not- know for certain what he was worth (jacta- hatur sic). Jactura. 1. The whole Continent of is divided into two Factions On C^.rar 's first Arrival there, the Ai^dui were the chief of one, the Scquani of the other party : but these finding themselves no equal match for the Mdui, (who from all Antiquity bore the greatest sway in Gaul,} prayed assistance of Ariovisfus and the Gennuns-, whom by con^ sider able presents, and great promises, they had drawn over to them {ad se magnis jacturis^ pol- licitation'ihiisque perduxerant ) . 2. Aristotle is amazed at those expensive Donations and infinite Expences th t are made to caress and please the. People (in his immanibiis jacturisj, . .. . 3. No of certain Words in the Latin Tongue, 191 3. No one found fault with M. Seius for selling Corn ai a very easy rate in a time of scarcity : for he got himself free from a great and inveterate hatred of the People, by a charge idiich zcas neither dishonest nor extra- ordinary gr:ai (nec turni jacturd, nec maxima). Jam. 1. Recollect (Recognosce) with me, I pray, the other Xight. You ivill then find that I am much more intently vigilant for the preser- vation than you for the destruction of the State (ja:n intelliges, multb me vigilare acjdks, Sic. J 2. Hovv^ should we gather and preserve our Corn and, the rest of our Fruits, if it were not for xSlen ? And then, how should these Commodities which v\-e want be im- ported ; or tliose with wdiich we abound be exported ; if there were not ^Jen to do each Oi these Y^orks fja/n verb J : h. e. tumprdeterea. 3. Dionysius ordered the golden Beard of JEsculapius at Epidaurus to be plucked off, in that it was not decent ( neque enim- convenire J, he said, for the Son to have a Beard, when the Father in all Temples had none. Moreover he comm.anded the silver tables, whereon, ac- cording to the custom of antient Greece^ these Words, Of the Good Gods, were stamped, V ^ to be removed out of all Vestries ; saying, he - - would make use of their goodness (jam ), JUBEO. 1. I did not so much labour that Cctsar might be permitted to be a candidate for the Consulship in his absence, as that he . might 19^ The pecidiar Use and Signification might be permitted it after the People /^^T^^ j passed it (jusserat ). Jubet Popidus chm ali- quid, ferenle magistratii, suffragiis comprohat. Hinc illiid, velitis jubeatis Quirites. ] 2. Ccesar complained that half a year of his ' Commission should be cut off, and he be com- i manded to return to Rome, after the People had \ voted him leave to put up, the next Election, for the Consulate, though absent (cujus absentis rationem haberi proximis comiiiis populus jus- dsset). Vide Rat[0. Judicium. 1. We conceive that the whole ■ cognizance and deterniinaiion of this cause belongs solely to ourselves (atqiie judicium). 2. The elder Son, for his disobedience and lewdness, was passed bij in his Fathers last Will, and the younger brother made heir in his room ( in supremo patris judicio prdeteritus ) . Pro eo Cicero, judicio iniprobari -.^ et contra^ probari judicio. 3. Though Perdiccas was not declared jilexaiidej^'s heir by word of mouth, yet this seemed to be Alexander s last Will ; that Per- diccas should be his htir, since he delivered him his ring when he was at the point of death fjudiciumj. A. If Discontent may not be laid aside, it may also not be taken up : but it may be laid aside. It must be confessed, therefore, that it is taken up voluntarily and at pleasure (vo- iuntate et judkio suscipi). <)f certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 195 5. I am of opinion that all the passions are in our own power ; that they are all taken up by choice, all voluntary (omnes judicio siiscep- tas). JUDICO. 1. The immortal Gods so deter- mined that the Persian Empire should end in their Country, who were to succeed in the Monarchy (ita judicacerunt) : h.e. decreve- runt). I " 2. The Victory dd.ermined the matter con- trary to what Deiotcirns thought (jiidicavit ). 3. 1 see Pompey will have the Senate and the judges on his side in this dissension (qui- que res judicant). JuRO. 1. Sextiis Po7?ipeius, 2.nA Sextus Ap- /jz/Zezz/i", then Consuls, xv ere the fust who took the Oath of Fidelity to Tiberius Csesar (prinii in verba, ^c. juravire). 2. Those ten whom, after the Battle at Cannce, Hannibal sent to the Romaji Senate upon Oath of returning to the Carthaginian Camp, if they could not obtain an exchange of Prisoners, did ill if they did not return furatosj. Jus. 1. The Story of the J rgive Priestess is well known. It being the ?^eceived Cere- mony for her to be carried in a Chariot to an anniversary Sacrifice in the Temple, some good Distance out of Town, and the Mules not being brought time enough, her two Sons, Cleo^is and Bifon, stripping themselves, an- uointed 194 The peexiliar Use and Signification \ nointed their Bodies with Oil, and put them- selves into the Traces : the Priestess being j carried into the Temple by her two Sons in this manner, is reported to have prayed the Goddess to bestow upon them the greatest reward of their Piety that could be given to Man. Afterwards the young Men, having feasted with their Mother, went to sleep, and were found dead the next Morning, (cum it- lam cnrru veJii jus esset.J ^ 2. Relying upon, and being supported by so much power, they robbed and plundered the State at zvill {sua jure) : h. e. ?// volucrunt^ pro arbitrio, nemine impcdicnic \ ul optiini gui- que explicant. S. Se?'gius cannot complain of being any ways tricked in the bargain, since he knewj very well the cojidition of iciiat he had bought ] (id^ quod emeraty quo jure esset). | 4. There came one after Sijlla who did not sell the Estates of particular Men, but took in\ and involved whole Countries and Provinces | togetJier in one common condition of Calamity (uno calamitatis jure compreJienderet) . \ 5. It is the Duty of a private Man to live' upon the same levels and in tiie same condition rvith his Fellow Citizens ; neither debasing him-i self below his just height, nor endeavouringjy to raise himself above it (ccquo et pari cum ci-W vibus jure vivere). 6. Whereas the weaker Party had been op- - r pressed if certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 1D5 pressed bv the stronger, he settled an equah- and lici t to their Dutij the highest as leell as the lowest, att being equalli/ suhjeet to the Penatties of the I.aze (sumrnos eum, Sic. pari Jure retinebat) : h. e. tequabili. Justus. 1 You are sensible, Sosia, how moderate and gentle a servitude you have had With me, even from a Child (qudni justa ac cleniens). Justa est niitis,faciLis. " ^2. Others are not altogether against our studying Philosophy, but warn us against all excess in it, and require moderation in a thing, which being once let loose f in eo, qiiod senicl admissiunj cannot possibly be checked or con- trouled ; so that in a manner zee are more Idndlij used b\j those who are against all Philosophy in gxineral, than by those w^ho would prescribe us Ixloderation, where Temperance would be a raul- ( ut pronemodum justioribus utamur illis). 3. The Parliament have given order to those who are entrusted wdth this affair, that the said Ship, or at least the full value of it, be re- stored to the atoresaid Captain (vel saltern ejus jus turn pretium.) 4. The chief of the Senate thought good ViOt to zcait I lie ordinarij full time fov the Klec- tion of Officers; but that new Tribunes ^lili- tarv bhould be created, who should enter their Office on the Calends of October fnon expcc- Kindum justuni tempus'J. 5. The auower of the Oracle was, that their S 2 Calami^ 195 The peculiar Use and Signification Calamities should have an end, if they appeas- ed the Manes of the young Men, whom they- had murdered. Upon this, they erected Sta- tues as big as Life to the young Men (justct magnitudinis). 6. Is there any judge that can take know- ledge of the merits of your Cause ^ when you say not a Word for yourself (tua jiista ) f JUSTITIA. 1. Two things make People? trust and rely upon us. Wisdom and Upright* ness (justitia). Of these two Virtues, Upright" ness, or Integrity (justitia), has much the stronger and more effectual tendency to procure this credit and confidence from the i People. 2. Dear Husband, I confess I have offend- - cd; I am convinced of it : now I beg of you that the more sedate your mind is by Years, the more disposed it may be to pardon ; that so my Simplicity may find some protection in your Clemency ( prtTsidii aliquid i7i justitia tud). Juvenilis. 1. He leaps into the Chariot mth his nimble active Body and from, thence returns thanks to his unwilling Father (ju- vcjiili corpore). ■ f I. 1BI. 1. I took a Wife : xdiat a wretched un- easiness did I find in that State I I had Children \ of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 1 97 Children; a new trouble, (quani ihimiseriam vidHj 2. 1 have an idea that they are XLpon that Project: Cijrns and your xVlen are whisper- ing together, i perceive, fibi esse) : h. e. clan- culiun inter se agerc de argento abs te per- fallaciam. auferen do. 3. He was a man of great strength . both of body and mind, but of an evil wicked dis- position : intestine wars, murders, rapines, were his delight even trom a Boy ; and in the' samc\\'c. apud Te- renfium, 5. The Gods cannot be propitious to anj body : since all kindness and benevolence (as you would have it) proceed from Imhecilliiy (in imheciUitaie est). 6. If there be any one that should upon this rerij point, icherein my oration boasts and tri- umphs, mighlilij accuse me^ because 1 did not rather apprehend so capital an Enemy, than let him escape ; that is none of my fault, but the Times (in hoc ipso, in quo, S>\'. me vehementer accusef ). 7. One rank of them is such as, though they have great Debts, yet have greater Estates ; out of love to which, they can by no means afford to get themselves clear (magno in cere alieno, majores etiam possessiones habent ). Inaudio 1 . Good God, what a power Gold has ! I believe he has had some idea by this time, that I have a Treasure at home : this he gapes after : for this reason he is so eager to marry my Daughter (jam ilium inaudivissej. Inaudire est, ejus rei, qiicc occultl Jiabeatiir, geraturve, levem auditionem accipere. Inchoatus. 1. The deepest Knowledge and contemplation of Nature jnust be lame in a manner, and imperfect, unless it proceed and tend forward to action (atque inchoata sit). INCIVILIS, of certain M^ords in the Latin Tongue, 20? iNTivrr.is. 1. Maiil'ujs, the Preserver of the Capitol, carrving himself too loftilv,, and aho~oe the level of a 'Fclloio-cithen, they pitched head- long from the top of the Castle which he had defended (alii us et incvdlius J , Vide ClVlLis et Communis. Includo. 1. Shall I be the bearer of this News to vour General ; that his Soldiers, as %vell the \>tetans as the new Recruits, are not to be ouieted, either bv their discharsre, or bv their pav : that Centurions are killed. Tri- bunes driven awav. Legates imprisoned : that the Camp and Rivers are overflowed with Blood; and that his Son is at the mercy of as many Enemies as he has Soldiers (includi le- ■galas) F In'COMMODE. 1. The Tribunes, that they might nor seem peevishly and rudelii to oppose, even in the smallest matters, were not against the passing of this Bill, (incommode advcrsari). "■2. 1 found their Colour change all of a sud- den, because fortune had thrown upon them mv arrival at such an unloivard. unseasonable time (tani incomraode). IXCREPO. 1. Whilst /tt^;;?7c'.v derides the nar- rowness of the Rampart, and sJieivs his disliJce and contempt of it by leap-ing over ?V, he is slain;, whether by his Brr.ther\s order or not is doub t- ful fidciuc increpat saltu). IXDE. I . In the mean time our Friends will bring the money that thevbave promised : out T2 of ■ WS The pectiUm^ Use and Sigjujcaiiori . of this Phormio will repay the old Men (hide}. He married a Wife, and had two Chll- , dren by her : the elder of these i adopted (ijide major cm J. INDICENS. 1. If you had {as I could wish) a Colleague like yourself, or you was like your Colleague, my speech would be need- less. For being both good Consuls, you would, eveJi wiihoiit my speakings do all things to the advantage of the Republic (etiam mc dndicenie). Nihil est cur verbum hoc suspect«f um habeant interpretes, Terentius Adelph. 3". 4. V. 62.™ A^t???, me in die en te^ hcecfiiint. IndicO. 1. ^iiiiiitus Seavola going to buy an Estate, desired the owner to tell him atone zvord what it teas he must have for it ( iit semel indlcaret ). INDILIGENS. 1. He bestowed as much time upon his Estate as a carefid thrifty Master of a Family ought. The rest of his hours he employed upon Learning and the Republic, (mm indiligens.) Diilgentia virtus est ^ qua: ad patrem-familias propria pertinet. Induco. 1. Those are slight matters, which you have fancied to yourself \o be very weighty things (in animum iuum iiiduiisti) . Industria. 1. The first seven Kings of Rome, by a kind of Providence, were various in their Tempers, according as the Nature and Good of the Common-wealth required (jqiiddam, fat or um industria f % Lucim €'f certain IV or as in the Lai in longue. ^209 12. Lucius Crassus and Lucius Philinpus had a greai deal of A\'it and Plea?antrv : C Cccsar, the Son of Lucius had more still, and more studied fmugisque dc industrid). IXFERioii. 1. Tirnotiieus, "^vQ^on o\ Canon, though iie teas not inferior to his Father in. the Glory of AVar, yet not content with that, added Learning to ir ■ inferior fuisset qudnz pater,. IXFESTO. 1. Let others relate to you the engagements of tlie ^>Vinds ; v/liat waters Scylla and vv'hat Charybdis render dangerous- (infestet). Llem est Ciceroni infestum habere. Epist. ad Att. Diinueos, agro pulsos, mare in- fistuni habere^ nil niiruni, Ita solicit um Jici- bere, pro solicit aj'C. lNFESTi:s. L Though not thoroughly re- covered of a great fit ot Sickness, he followed his Uncle into Spain with a very slender Re- tinue, througii ways dangerous and beset zcitk the Eneinn (per infestus hvstibusj, Q. AMiat shall I lirst complain of? What, or from vdiom shall I desire aid ? Shall I at this time implore the protection of the im- mortal Gods, or of the Roman People, or vours, that have the greatest power ? A Fa- ther villainously murdered by Enemies : the Life of the Son in r erpetual danger finfesta): insidiis nimirum : sive insidiatoribus. Casus sa^pissime omittitur. livGENlUM. L This JEgussa is witness of^. T 3 ydiich. 210 The peculiar Use and Signification which being taken upon your approach, found there was no help in the nature of the Situa- tion (in ingenio loci). Ingratus. 1. Khidnesses that are extort- ed from a Man, or that slip from him without thinking, lay no obligation, how great soever they may appear ( ingrata sunt) : h. e. pro iis, gratias non debemus. 2. One sells me Corn> which keeps me from starving. Though this be necessary for me, . .yet it lays no obligation upon me. The Mer- . chant sells it for his own advantage only (in-.^ gr alum est), 3. By my Faith, if the Gods weuM treat me as I deserve, they would send some sturdy fellow to bang me lustily: for, to speak the^ truth, / have Jiad no gratef ul resentment of the favours they have done me ( ingrata halmi),. Contra grains. INGREDIOR. 1. A wise man enlers upom Botjiing without thinking that some accident or other may prevent his design (ingreditur)\: 2. Did I throw him into banishment that I saw was already entered upon a war (ingressum '4n)f ^ 3. He with a crew of Fugitives, whom want and wandering had made easy to be cajoled with large Promises, puts to Sea ; and being driven by foul weather upon the Island of Cythnos, drew in some of the Soldiers upon their march out of the east : and others of them, fif certain Words hi the Latin Tongue, 21 f them, who refused to join him, he put to death: (mare ingreditur ) : proprie. Vide Egressus.. Inhibeo. 1. Quit Dariushis side, and come- over to us : or if this be not safe, as soon as the engagement is begun, roic backwards, and leave the fight by degrees f inhi-hete remi3j. In- hibere remis est naulka locutio qua significaiur' nave non conversd retro remigare, quod facie- hant ant appulsuri adlitus, ant in prxiio fugam adornantes. InhumaNUS. 1. If a Man had anv consi-- derable Cause upon his Hands, or Business- that required attentive thinking, no one could blame him for bemg verv thoughtful as he walked or rode : but should he shew himself so at a Feast, aniong Company, lu^ icould be thoughi a rude or itl-bredMaii, for not observing the difference of Seasons ( inJuimann-s videaturj. IniqUUS-. 1. The Enemy, considering their had the disadvantage of the Ground^ behaved themselves full as well as our 3>ien (ut cjui ini- quo loc0 utcreniur ) . Idem est alienus. InjUNGO. 1. After he had concluded the^ War with Spain, and was come into Syria \o settle the affairs of the East, lie put Fhrahates-. into a great fear, lest he should make war upon- Parthia (metum Phrahati injiinxit) : h. e. intu- lit. Sic injungere injuriam, detrim.entum, pro inferre, importare. 2. The Kings oi Lacedcemon, lest by con- tending in vain against Fortune^, they should ^■12 The peculiar Use and Signification bring greater damages upon their City, were for marching back with the Army ( deirlinenia' inj linger ent ), \ Injuria. 1. Justice begets in People a mighty esteem and admiration of a Man, and not zvithout reason; it being impossible for any one to be just that is afraid of Death, Pain, Banishment, or Poverty (nec injuria). Injurius. 1. Should a Fool in a Ship« wreck have gotten a Plank, may a wise Man take it away from him, if he can ? No : be- cause it would he a piece of Injustice (quia in^ juriuni sit) : h. e. injuriosum. INJUSTITIA. 1. My only Son, who ought to have an equal share at kast with me in these enjoyments, him have I driven away bi/ my unreasonable fiarshness and severity ( in- j.ustiiid vied). INNOCENTIA. 1. Pubiius Hut Hi us, when he was young, got t/ie Name of a very lionest Man and a good Lawyer, by frequenting the Flouse^ of Mu cius (op in ion em in n ocent icC ) . 9., In the Province he behaved himself rvith singular //^/^^or^/j/ for two Years together (in-- nocentiani pr^st it it) . Inops. 1. This Decree against informers had a very different effect, according to the condition of the Parties concerned in it ; and was vigorously executed, or dropped and sup- pressed^ as the accused happened to be a Man i^f cerlain IVords in the Latin Tongue, £15 §f interest or no interest (prciit potens velinops ]C(i:; inc icier (it J. IXSCRIBO. 1. Of Friendship I have treated in another Book, which is entitled l^^Yms fin- scribitnr). InSEQUOR. 1. He fotloiced him with his drawn Sword, and had killed him, but that he slipped into a House and drew the door after him fimeciitvs est) : ad ulciscendum nempe. Jnsimulo. 1. Then Gabinius wrs brought in, who at first answered impudently, but at last denied nothing of xvhai the Ganls charged npo?i him (ex iis, quce Galli insimulahant^ 8(c.) Instauro. 1. Darius, when he was reneiv- ing the War, died in the midst of his prepara- tions for it, leaving several children behind him (instauraret). Recentioribus in ore est re- stauro, vox veteribus incognita. INSTITUO, 1. / have resolved to move the Question anew to you, both concerning the Fact, what you judge of it ; and concerning the Punishment, what you resolve upon (ega institui refer re ad vosj. 2. I am in such a passion, that I cannot sei or dispose my mind to thinking finstituerej. 3. In my time Fhi/o, whom I frequently heard, set up reading Ovditoxy at one time, and Philosophy at another fpnclegere instituit), 4. In military Affairs he both made many Alterations and new Institutions ; and brought ^14 The peculiar Use and Signification some things back to the old Custom (et couh miilamt multa et instiiiiit ). , §. He brought up a practice of their sin- ging his Beard and Locks with burning Wal- nut-shelis (instituit ut), Non longe abit Virg^ Eel. 2. 32.— Pan primus c alamos cerd conjungere plurci Instituit." — = — Idem, Georg. 1. 347 • Prima Ceres ferro niortales vertere terram Instituit: — Taught them, put them into the way of, &c. 6. Rome was governed at the first by Kings ; Liberty and the Consulship L, Brutus intrO' duced (instituit), 7. He was not so principled from a Child as to be able to know the duties of a faithful honest Master of a Family (ita institutus ) , Inststo. 1. He was the first that began to adore Caius Cccsar as a God : when returning out ov Syria^ he would not venture to approacB his presence, but with his head wrapt in a Veil ; first turning about his Body, then fall| ing prostrate /7^rzwz/A' //z.v/z/iVy' ; h. e, ccrpit. Integer. 1. Arminius ^nd Ingulomer re-|j tired out of the battle, the first icniouched,^d\ last desperately wounded (integer). \ Intelligo. 1. We usually trust and relyL, upon such Persons whom we believe to have ' a better understanding than ourselves ( plus in- telUgere qudni nos ) : h. e. plus videre : quoc\ quidem Ciceroni familiare loquendi genus est I ' certain Words in the Latin Tongue, 115 ^ IntempERANTIA. 1. The People had given )ut that he was sent for by Gaiha, with a de- sign to adopt and declare him Successor. It :annot indeed be said that this surmise was iltogether groundless ; since the Emperor's fears, and want of Issue, together with the impatient humour of the common People, of nominating several Successors, gave pretence enough to this report fintemperantiaj . Intendo. 1. 1 desire of C/uysogo?ius to he content with our Estate and Fortunes, and not to demand our Blood and Life : next, I beg of you Judges, to resist the villainy of the audacious, to lighten the calamity of the in- nocent, and in the cause of Sextus Boscius, to ward off the danger that is levelled at all fin omnes intendilur ) . 2. Champions, when they give their Ad- versaries a Blow, fetch a groan : not that they are in pain, or out of heart, but because by venting that noise their w^hole Body is strain- 6"^/, and the Stroke comes with greater vehe- mence (intenditur ). Inter. 1. Neither upon the death of JE- neas^ nor afterwards, during the time of a Wo- man s Guardianships durst either MezentiuSy or the Tuscans, or any other of the Borderers rise up in Arms ( inter muliehrem tutelam ). 2. From Romulus his time, in so many Years^ so many Wars, but two sets of Royal Spoils have been won. So rare has the Fortune of that f l6 The peculiar Use and Signification that honour been (infer tot annos, iot hella) t h. e. cum tot anni prceterierint, sint elapsi, &c. 3. Our Army advanced to the farthest lim- its of the Bructerian Country ; and laid waste all things betweeri the Rivers Amisia and Luppia ( quantumqiie Amisiani et Luppiam am- nes inter, vastatum J Interest. 1. This is the difference between a Ki?ig and a Tyrant : A Khig, by the consent of Senate and People, has about him so many armed Men as to enable him to resist Ene- mies and suppress Seditions. A Tyrant, against the will both of Senate and People, gets as great a number as he can, either of Enemies or profligate Subjects, to side with him against the Senate and the People (Hoc Bex et 7j/- T annus interest ). INTERITUS. 1 . Here is a Man for you, who has desired strongly to be King of the Ko- man People, and Lord of all Nations : nay, and has accomplished it. If any one thinks this an honourable Ambition, he is out of his Wits. For he approves the utter subversion und ruin of Laws and Liberty (interitum), INTERMITTO. L Since that time zve have scarce ever ceased both disputing and writing upon Points of the highest importance (nihil feri inter misimus nec disputare nec). 2. Where the River breaks off, the Town is guarded with a vast high Mountain ( intermit* tit) : se nimirum, INTERPONO. - of certain IVords in the iMin Tongue. 217 IXTERPOXa, 1. You would do wiser, in miv Judgment at leasr, // yon did not inter- meddle in the making up of that Peace, Vvdiich is neither approved by the Senate, nor the People, nor any good ^^an f si te in istam pa- cific ativneni non interproneres ) . Vulgo, si te isti pacificationi non inimisceres. 2. He en'oved a most excellent healthj^ though for the preserving it he did nothing more than rub down all his Limbs thrice a Week, 2.\\^fast one Day in a Month fineddam unins diei per singidos memes interponeret) . INTERVEXIO 1. He says that no one can live pleasantly without Uving virtuously : that Fortune has little dealing icith a wise ]Sian (eii^iiiun intercenire) : h. e. exigue, Gra^co- rum more, IXSERVlO. 1. After he was arrived at Thebes, he so far set himself to follow their xcays ' adeo studiis eorian insermit), that no one could equal him in labour and strength of body. For all the Bcsotians study firmness of Bodv more than acuteness of Wit f i?is€?xiunt J. IXSOLENS. 1. Instead of Modesty, instead of Abstinence, instead of Bravery ^ Boldness, Corruption, Avarice were in request. Which though my Mind, a stranger to immoral Prac* tices, threw off with scorn ; yet amidst so ma- ny Mces my weak age happened to be taint« ed and seized with Ambition (insolens ?nata^ 7'um artiumj. U INTUEOE. 218 he peculiar Use and Signification Intueor. 1. They regarded rather icJiati conduced to their own power and greatness, than to the good of all Greece (Id potius in-\ tiiebantur quod). INVADO. 1. Panoetins avows that profit and honesty are the same : and declares that no greater evil ever invaded Mankind than their opinion, who first made a difference be- tween them (in vitani hominum imasissej. Ita s^pissi?n} Cicero. INVEHO. 1. Callistratus, thQ Athenian Am- bassador, who was esteemed the best Orator • of his time, inveiglied mightity against the T he- bans diwA Ar gives (multa invectiis est in) : b. e. iiiultum. 2. When a saucy fellow, Demccnetus by name, in an harangue to the People in Coun- cil, had begun to detract from his Actions, and inveighed a little against him, he made no - other answer, but that he now found his Prayers were heard ; for he ever had made it 1 his humble request to the Gods that the Ro- \ mans might enjoy such a Liberty, w^hereby \ every one might be free to speak his senti-,|| ments of whom he pleased ( ac nonnulla in- | veheretur) : h. e. nonnihil. I InveniO. I. This is that Titus Manlius who being challenged by a Gaul, killed him in a Duel by the River A?iie?i, and from wear- ing a Chain which he took from his Neck, £0t the Surname of Torqualus ( inveiiil). i ( ' 2. This =1 vf certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 219 2. This Hispo, who was of an unquiet Spi- rir, had taken up a kind of Life which the ini- quity of the Times and the wickedness of Men turned afterwards into a common prac- tice : for from a poor, unknown, and despica- ble Fellow, he accommodated himself so well to the cruelty of Tiberius, at first by secret accounts which he gave him, and afterwards by open accusations against the greatest ^ien in Rouu% that becoming as powerful with the Prince as hated by the People, he served for an example to many others ; who, like him, rising trom Poverty to Riches, and from- Contempt to formidable Greatness, occasioned the ruin of others, and of themselves at last (perniciem aliis, ac postremtim sibi inxenive). 3. They \vho had escaped from this battle related many particul-ars of that dreadful Day. ' On this Place, said they, were slain the Com- manders of the Legions 5 and there it was vve lost our Eagles. Here Vm'us received his first Wound, and a little farther he fell upon his Sword and ?nade an end of himself by his own unhappy hand. Beliold the Emi- nence trom which Arminius harangued his Soldiers ; and vender he raised Gibbets for the Prisoners, or sunk Ditches to bury them, according to the Roman fashion : while the proud Conqueror forgot not to drag along- the Ground with scorn our Ensigns and our U a Eagles £^0 The peculiar Use and Signijicatmt Eagles (mortem hrcenit), Virg. iEn. 645>' Ipse manu mortem inveniam, INVESTIGO. 1. I v/ill now in short repoft to you^ Countrymen, who are both ignorant and desirous to be informed, by xvhat course these secret Plots have been traced out and taken (qnd ratione mvesiigata €t coniprehensa shit J. INVICTUS. 1. They said the City of Eomc would be invincible and eternal by that unioft (invictam). Invidentia. 1. If discontent were inci- dent to a v^ise Man, so might pity, so might envying (invidentia). Nondixi invidia qudC turn est, cum invidetur, ut effugiamus ambiguum nomen. Cicero. INVIDEO. 1, Tell me, BLesiis, where thou hast thrown this murdered Body. Even Ene- mies grudge not burial to the slain (sepuUit- ram invident): Virg. Eel. 7. oS. Liber Pampineas invidit collibus uvas. Invidia. 1. This - Action was highly re- sented by many, and drezv a great odium jipon i/i^ King (wagUteque erat invkli<:e^ Su'J 2. A great many Men dare not speak out what they really think, though perhaps it is for the hQSt, for fear of giving offence ( invidi^e vietu). 3. A worthy and truly brave Citizen scorns to bring any one into hatred or disrepute with th^ of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 22^1 the People by false Accusations (in invidiam focare ' . 4. To abolish tiie scandal of the odious things xcJiich he iiad committed, he gave out that he intended to build a most magniiicent Temple to Apollo fad abolcndam incidix famam) . 5. Going Avith a Fleet into Asia, and fight- ing unsuccessfuilv at Cyme, lit fell again into tlie odium of the People (in invidiam recidit).^. Invito. 1. Augustus was very moderate in the use of AVine. Cornelius Xepos says, he never used to drink above thrice at a JSIeal. V^hen lie ^ace himself the greatest freedom, he never exceeded a Quart (largissi^ne se invi- \\ taretp 2. Being entertained friendly and court eousljj- from House to House, after they had viewed' ~ the "Wails and City with the Buildings, they wondered how in so short a time the Roman State should grow so ^xtdX ( invitati per domos hospiialiter^ , ' " 3. Cccsafs Soldiers take their Friends of Fompcfs side into the Camp_ to treat them^. and Fo/npeifs Soldiers those of Cccsai^'s (invi- tandi causa) : h. e. ut eos vino epulisc^ue laute - et comiter excinianr. 4. For my part, I believe Phadnis has been- playing the good-fellow, and is asleep. A great chance but he tooii a little too much at Supper (nisi incitaret sese plusculum) : h. e. plus paulo adbiberit. U 3' iNVISIr- The peculiar Use and Signlficatmif Invisitatus. 1. The Elephants, ichkk theij had never seen before^ first struck the Romans with admiration, and afterwards obliged them to quit the Field ( invisitaii an/} J : h, e. ante- hac non visi Romanis. Inuro. L What mark of domestic Baseness' has not been branded upon your life f Have : your Eyes ever refrained from any lust ? your 'Hands from any villainous attempt (non m- list a vitce tuce est ) f 2. It is the property of a Man that is angry^ eagerly to desire the fixing of a lasting Pain on him by zvhom he thinks he is injured fcupere^ a quo, Kc. dolor em inurere). INUTILIS. 1 . You see her beauty and youth i nor are you to be told how improper both those things are for preserving her chastity and fortune (inuiiles). Ipse. l. How scandalous must it be ta flatter a Tyrant, since even living under a Ty- rant is scandalous to us fvivere ipsum): 2.. Such an inclination had that Man to villainy, that the very doing an ill thing zvas a pleasure to him (ui hoc ipsum eum delectaret peccare). 3. As I "was returning from thence, a jeal- ousy dropped into my Head, from the bare circumstances of the tiling alone : But little pro- vision ; the old Gentleman melancholy; the Wedding all of a sudden : these things do not hano- well together (ex ipsa re J, 4. I of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. QQS . 4.1 know how he will take this, it he comes to understand the naked^ truth of the matter \ since this, which is a slighter business, has put him into a Passion (ipsam rem, ut sit, rescvce- ritj. 6. Having been ten ichote Days in the Coun- try, I had a mighty desire to be in Town again^ to enjoy your good Company (decern ipsos dies J : h. e. integros, soiidos, totos. Irruo. 1. Si/rns, for God's sake take care my Father does not break in here. S. Hold your Tongue : I will take care f se irniat huc^}. Jtu et Ruo. Is. 1. How do you know. Husband, but •that she pretended to hate me for this' reason^ that she might be more with her ovrn Mother -f€d causa j. 2. We had before made known to vou our excessive sorrow for the heavv and unheard- of calamities of the Protestants inhabiting the Valleys o( Piedmont, whom the Duke ol Savoy persecutes with so much crueltv ; but that zee -made it our business rather tli^t you should at the same time understand, that we are not onlv affected with the multitude of their suf- ferings, but are using the utmost of our En- deavours to relieve and comfort them in their Distresses, f nisi id ?nagh operam dedissemusj :• h. e. ad id. Ter. And. Et nunc id operam do, ut per fats as nuptias Vera ohjurgandi causa sit, si deneget. 3 . We 224 The peculiar Use and Signification 3. We question not but that your Majesty will take care that the Merchants aforesaid may reap the fruits of these Articles, and be so far under your Protection that both their Per- sons and Estates maybe secure, and free from all manner of injury and vexation (inedque xestrd tuteld sint.) 4. The glory of the Civil Law is now ut- terly ruined and fallen to nothing ; and to make the matter so much the worse, this has happened in the days of one, who as he equal- led in dignity all that have gone befijre him, so was he far above them in the knowledge of the Laws (ciim is esset). 5. Posidonius has heaped up a great many tilings of this kind, some of which are so scan- dalously wicked, that it is a shame even to. repeat them (Ea Posidonius, 8(c. permiilta). ISTE. J . When one humbly desired that he might be buried after he was killed ; desar is said to have returned him this answer; That that xvould be at the disposal and pleasure of the Birds f islam volucrum fore potestatem) : h. e. Istud in volucrum fore potestate. ISTIG. 1 S. I will have you marry to-day, Son, as I told you . P. Neither in this thing, nor in any other, shall you ever find any delay in me of obeying you (neque is tic, neqiie alibi). Ita. L Living in conformity to Nature means, I suppose, living always agreeable to the rules of Virtue, and using other things which f)f cer^lain Words in the Latin Tongue. which are suited to our natural Inclination, iO far as ihei) are not repugnant to Virtue [ita^siea non, repugnent). 2. A Peace was concluded upon tliese termSy -that the River Albula, v^\-AQ^\ they now call Tyhris^ should be the bounds of the Tuscans and Latins fFa.v it a ccnvenerat.j 3. Romulus supposing that his Laws tcoidd hj this means be looked upon as sacred and in- violable by the Country People, if he made himself venerable by some badges of royal Power, carried a greater ^slajesty by his outer Port, also by appointing twelve Lictors to follow him (ita sancta generi liominum agresti fore ratus). 4. Wrap the Cloak about thee, and pretend as if you have beeu looking the whole Town over for the old Man f ltd que assifnulatOj quasi qu.csiveris ) . ■ '% 5. Whilst CcCSGT was hi his Winter Quar- ters in the Higher Gatd, as zve have before said, he is informed by Letters from Labienus, that the Belgce had given Hostages to each other, and entered into a mutual League against the Romans (ita uti supra demonstra- vimus). Abesse quidem poterat ita, sed elegan- tills adest. 6. If we dv/ell longer upon this than we should do, I desire the usefulness of the sub- ject may be considered : ond then perliaps we may be thought too short (ita fortassis). Item. ^26 The peculiar Use and Signification Item. 1. Nothing is more brave than an evenness of Temper in every condition, and ( as is TCpGried of Socrates and LeeHus loo ) a constant retaining the same air in one's Coun- tenance,' without ever seeming puffed up or dejected (ut de Socrate, item de L^elio acce- pirnus). Jterum. 1. L, Ve'nrius and Sp. Posihu- mills, when they were the second time Consuls, were dehvered up to their Enemies, the aS'^???- nites^ for conchiding a Peace with them of their own heads, without any orders from the Senate or People ficeru7nj. ^ Z. LABO. 1. He had certainly gained his Point, having now made a considerable Party in the Senate, had not M, Cato's Speech confirmed t/te tottering House (labantem ordi- nem). Hor. Od. 3. 5. Donee lahantes consilio Fatres Firmaret auctor minqiiani alias dalo. Labos : Labor. 1. When any f//^/r//t??2 or difficiiltij is cast upon us^ all the intermediate time before we come to know of it, is mere gain to us (ohjectiis est: la bos J. g. liim 1 found gi singular Friend to me, > . both of certain Wo7\ls in the Latin Tongue. Q27 both in mij distress and in my prosperity f ifi labor e meo ). * c^. As soon as I recollected myself, several things came into my mind, which made me think that tiiai trouble would be even an hon- our to you (istum laborem). Accusationem dicit, quam Dolabella contra Appium insti tuerat. 4. What business has he here ? they cried: since he is not empowered either to augment the Soldiers' pay, or to redress their grievances ( la bo res J. 5. P. How do the Greeks maintain the rield ? T. It cannot be expressed how hard ilieij are puf /o it (quantum sup})etit laborisj, Quicquid durum, asperum, et quoquo modo ca- lamitosum esl, id laboris nomine notabant i-ele- res Laiini. 6. My Father Jupiter will take care that Alcmena shall be delivered of two Children at one labour funo labore). 7. For my part, it this has been made the condition of my Consulship, that 1 must un- dergo all Extremities, all Pains and Tornients : I shall endure them not only courageously, but even contentedly, provided by my Fangs deliverance and honour may be brought forth unto you and the Roman People (dummodo 7neis laboribus vobis, 8(c. par^iatur). LabORO. 1. Since they themselves regard not ^^8 The peculiar Use and Sginijicaiion not bow they write, I see no reason why they | should be read (laborant). 2. The former part of your Discourse made me extremely desirous to die ; the latter, to he one lohile not unwilling ; another while indiffer^ ent zvhether I did or no (at rnodb non nollem, modb non labor ar em ) . 3. Pity is a discontent arising from the mi- sery of another suffering ivrongjidli/ ; for no- body is touched with pity at the Punishment of an Assassin or Traitor (injuria laborantis), 4. Diagoras, the Atheist, being told by the Mariners, in a Storm, that the Judgment be- fel them justly, since they had taken him on board, pointed to many Ships 2;?2{/6'r distress \ in the samr Voyage, and asked if they thought Diagoras was in those Vessels also? fi?i eo- dem cursu iaborantes.) . LiEDO. I. He abused me in the Senate for defending him, whom he himself but the day before had vigorously stood up for (Icesit). L.€TUS. 1. The pride of the last King made this liberty of theirs more welcome (nt he tier essetj 2. Arminius was of opinion to leave the Passage open to the Ro7nans, that they might fall upon them afterwards in other marshes which lay before them, and involve them in greater difficulties. Inguiomer's advice zvas more daring, and move to the humour of the Barbarians y to besiege them in their present Campa (^f.cejiaht Words in the Latin Tongiid. 2^9 Camp, which they should be able to force suddenly, and with ease; that they should take more Prisoners, and lose nothing of the Plunder ( atrociora InguiomenL^, et liCta barba- ris suadebat) : h. e. magis atrocia, et magis laeta. Vide Magis. 3, The Greek Nation, delighting in, and proud of their Antiquities, father them upon times wherein nobody can disprove them ftcr- t u ni ant iq u if a f ib us J . 4. Hq otlered a great number of Beasts in Sacrifice ; the Entrails of them all rcej^e pros- perous and boded zvell flceta erant ). L.VRGITER. 1. Not at home only, but a- mongst the neighbour States also, he had a verij great interest (largiter potiiitj : h. e. plu' .rimilni, ut idem alibi loquitur. Lucr. 6. — Co/or et fades ho niinuni di stare videntur Largiter. LatEO. 1. He really had a Pig under his Cloaths, but because they had found nothing upon searching the Fellow that grunted the day before, he teas not discovered (latuit). Laudo. 1. The Fortune of those is extolled who die fall of Years; and yet Priam wept much oftener than Trotlus (laudatur). Ilorat. Sat. 1.1. ' 'dm Jit, McCcenas, ut nevw, quani sib i sort eni Sen ratio dederit, seufors objecerit^ illd Contentus vivat : laudet diversa sequentes ? Lego. 1. What is the office of Prudence ? .X . _ _ To 230 The peculiar Use and Signification To pick and cull Pleasures with discretion and nnditr st'AVKYmg (legere) ? 2, How my Teeth chatter ! The Man cer- tainly intends to go over me with his fists ( le- gere). Sic littus legit, qui pra^terit, pra^terve- hitur. Lepos. 1. The beauty and comeliness of the body draws the eyes to it by the fit com- posure of all its limbs, and pleases us upon this account, because all its parts correspond with a certain agreeable siceelness (cum. qud- dam lepore), LiBENTER. \ Some Men have squandered away whole Estates by inconsiderately giving : but what can be more foolish, than for a Man to disable himself from doing that which he takes delight and pleasure in doing ( quod lihen- ier facias)? ^2, He loves dearly to hear you commended. I make you a God to him : I relate your vir- tues to him. C. Mine ? aS'. Yours. The Man weeps for joy like a Child (lihenter audit). 3. In this Triumph the Rom.an People look- ed upon nothing xcith greater glee^ than those beasts which they had feared, with Towers upon their Backs (libentiiis). LiBO. 1. I am tied up to no certain Sect, but cull from all what carries the greatest ap- pearance of probability flibo ex) : h. e. carpo quod in singulis optimum est. Licet, l. Tf in all our Actions w^e avoid what of certain JVoixh in the Latin Tongue. 231 what is base, we maij despise not only Pain, but the thunder-claps of P^ortune (contemna' mus licebit). - LlNQUQ. 1. In the decline of his vears he was apt to swoon ^7a-a7/ suddenly, and to be terrified in his dreams (animo Unnni). Liquet. 1. Either, give your opinion, or (what is easier in things of this nature) say it is not a clear case to youy and order us to be gone (nega tihi liquere). Solehant Indices in re anilngud et duhid it a se jndicandi necessitate expedire, si pronuntiajTnt, sibi non liquere. LiTER.E. i. The Roman Atchievements from the building of the City to the taking of the same, 1 have in five Books declared : Matters obscure both in regard of their great Antiquity, and also for that in those Days Histories \Yere rare ftite?\ej : h. e. iSlonumenta Uteris consignata : iino verbo, Historiae. 2. None of Scipio's thoughts are coniraitted. to writing, nor do any monuments remain of what he did in his leisure and when he w^as alone (mandata Uteris.) LiTO. 1. If this be so, then may Jupiter make me perpetually sacrifice, and never ap- pease (neque unquani litem) : h. e. facto sacri- ficio numen, cuicunque fuerit immolatum, propitium faciam. Loco. L To take off the odium which he had raised of himself, he put out, at a great Expence, the building of AValls and Temples, X 2 . through^ The peculiar Use a)id Signification throughout the most noted Cities of Greece (facienda locavit) : h. e. susceptoribus extru- €nda commisit. Hor. Od. lib. 2. 18. . Tu secunda mar mora Locas sub ipsum f units. LOCUPLES. ] . Begulus might have stayed iq. his native Country, and have lived at home quietly with his Wife and Children. Who can deny these things to be profitable ? Who do you think ? Greatness of Soul and Forti- tude deny it. Do you require any greater and more substantial Authorities fmim locupletiores queer is Auc tores ) f Locus. 1. If we use this exclamation in its- proper place only, when the weight of the bu- siness calls for it, we may bring the mind of the Auditor to what indignation we please (loco) : h. e. suo loco. Verbum hoc adamat Terentius^ sed pnepositionemy opinor^ nusquam omit tit. 2. I ordered him ; I sent to you, to watch an opportunity to deliver you the Letter. For as those that come to speak with us at an un- seasonable time are troublesome, so Letters offend that are not delivered at a right time - (non locoredditce) : h. e. rto/ro, sicut interpre- 4atus sum, tempore. Hor. Sat.-2. 1. — — Hand mihi deero, Quum res ipsa feret-^nisi dextro tempore, Flacci Verba per attentam non ibunt Casaris aurem. 3- His Father Camissares, because he had ' of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 233 been found in many cases faithful to the King, had the Government of Cilicia near Cappa- docia, which is inhabited by the Leiicosj/rians (mult is locisj. _ 4. Jn one respect tlie condition of a foreign Victory is better than that of a domestic one : because foreign Enemies are either subdued, and brought into bondage ; or, being taken into favor, judge themselves obliged thereby :: but Citizens once turned Enemies to their Countrv, when you have put by their mis- chievous intentions, can neither by force be restrained, nor by any kindness reconciled. : Rst nno loco conditio melior, 8s c. ) 5. Of all the methods of enriching one's self, there is no one better, no one more profitable and pleasant, no one more worthy of a Man and a Gentleman, than Agriculture : concern- ing which I have spoken at large in my Cato major, from whence you may borrow zvhat is proper to he said upon, this subject (qucc ad hunc locum pert inebunt ). 6. Let us put an end note to this Head : for- it is apparently manifest that whatever is done, with a timorous, mean, abject Spirit, can never; be truly )^xo^A2ih\^ ( Sit j am hujus Ibci.finis), 7. Thus are you icont to ansxcer this Argu- mentation: That it does not prove, that the Gods have provided ill for us, because many abuse their Benefits. Many make a bad user of their Patrimonies : but yet there is no de- X 3 iVi^gj> 234 The peculiar Use and Signification nying, that their Fathers were kind in leav* ing them (lluic loco sic soletis occurrere), LONGINQUITAS. I . Le?7glh of time \s, I con-- fess, but a slow Cure of Discontent; but it is . a certain one ( Longinquitas et dies). LONGINQUUS. 1. Had the Life of Man been of longer continuance, all Arts might have been brought to perfection (longinquior) : h. longior, prodiictior. LONGUS. 1. My Zeal (I doubt) to the- Cause, has made me tedious ; but 1 could not bring myself to break off from so weighty and noble a Subject : though i ought to have had more regard to wdiat I was to hear, than to what I was to speak (ut tongior sim). 2. In his passage he had a great desire to -see the Temple of Venus at Paphos, so cele- brated and admired by Natives and Strangers. And since we are fallen upon this Subject, a hrief account of that Devotion, and its origi- nal y the situation of the Temple, and the re- presentation (formam) of the Goddess, 7??^7j/ not he unentertaining (hand fuevit longiim^ paucis disserere). MAGIS siibaitditur. 1. Our City is sick of two contrary maladies. Avarice and Luxury : which things have been the bane and of certain IVords in t lie Latin Tongue. ^o5 and overthrow of all potent Empires. These evils I the more dread, the htttcr and more Jviirishing the State of the llepnhiic every day. is, and the more the Empire increases (quh me^ Uor Uetior que indies for tuna reijnib. est, imperii urnque crescit) : h. e. quo magis bona la^taque. indies fortuna reip. est^ et quo magis imperL- urn crescit. Vide Maxime. 2. The Romans receive Horatius with tri- umph and congratulation ; rejoicing so much the more, as the case liad been more dangerous feo majore cum gaudio, quo prope metum res fueratj. Divide majore in magis magno, ut subaudire magis ad prope possis. Magxopere. 1. Ca^^ar had given a strict charge to Trehonius, in his Letters, not to let Marseittes be taken by Storm ; lest the Sold- iers, enraged at their rebellion and contempt,, and angry to think how much pains they had taken about the Siege, should pur all to the Sword (magnopere mandaverat j , Male. 1. / mortaily hate that Country- House, for no other reason, but becau-se it is. so near the Town (Male odij. t?. He thrust his Sword into the throat of the AtbaiK ivh-o had much axto to holdh'is Arms ; and when he was down he stripped and rifled him frnate sustinenti). Virgil. Georg. 1. v. 360. Jam sibi tuni cur vis mafh temper at unda ca^ rinis. 3. That the Gauls, a State hardly icell re- duced:, ^36 The peculiar Use and Signification ducedy and the only Nation left that seems both able and not innvi^Uiig (non nolle) to make war with the Roman People, should yet neglect the hope of Empire, and of great advantages freely offered them by Patricians, and should prefer your safety before their own power ; do not you think this came from the Gods ? Especially when they might have overcome us, not by fighting, but by hold- ing their peace (ex dvitate mall pacatdj : ex- is tens nimirura. Vide Gero. 4. It was formerly a rich Island, now a Bay, and a Station ?2ot very fait/iful to Ships f 7nal}Jida J : .]x. e. parum fida. MaLITIA. 1\ Subflefy is only a more sly and deceitful way of apf)lying Reason to do mis>Qh\Qi (Malitia), Malum. 1. A Judge zvill not inflict the same Punishment upon the same fault in two Per- sons, if the one committed it through negli- gence, the other with a mischievous intention^ (eodem malo afficiet) : h. e. pcsna. Maneo. 1. The Chamber, in which /^iS'W^^ to have lodged, fell down in the Night (erat jnansurus ) , MaTRIMONIUM. 1. He ordained that the Virgins should be married without Portions ; that the Wife and not the Fortune might be chosen : concluding that the Husbands would be better, able to govern their Wives^ when ccrlain IVurds in the Latin Tongue, 't^o'^t .iiey were obliged by no ties of Dowry to hu- mour them ( malrimonia sua). Maxime subauditnr. 1. Though Death takes away all Sense, yet worthy Men when dead are not without tht highest and most du- rable praise and glory fsnnnnis et propriis) : h.e. maxime propriis. Quasi tu diceres, max- ime viagnis et propriis. Mde MaGIS. jSIediocris. 1 As for Epicurus, what does he say vv^orthy not only of Philosophy but even of co?n}no?i ordinary Prudence f niedioan) f Meditatio. 1. Shall a Man born to Glory have any part of his Soul so soft, as that he cannot harden \\. by exercise and reason (me- diiationej. Meditor. 1. At that age, wherein others are commended if thev besfin but to exer- cise the Art, did Crassns make it appear, that he could perform that laudably in the open Courts of Justice, which he might with- out disparagement have been practicing at home (polerat meditari). Medius. 1. AVe cannot be Neuters. For Pompey looks upon all those as Enemies, that are not on his s\6.q (medios). -^ItAios vocant Latini, qui sedent^ quiescunt, neuirani partem sequunfur. Idem est et quietus, ipsa auiem res quies dicitur. - ^2. I would have your truly courageous Men be lovers of Goodness and fair dealing, of Truth and Sincerity : which are some of th& viosi £38 The peculiar Use and Signification most commendable / kings under the head of Justice (ex inedici laude Justiticc). i MemORIa. 1. There is no account of his military Exploits upon record, but very much said of his Integrity of Life, which gave him i the Title'of THE GOOD (viemoria est nulla). 9i, Old Tradition relates one Aerias founder ^ of this Temple. Later Accounts say, that it was consecrated by Cinaras, and that the Goddess herself, when conceived of the Sea, was driven ashore here (Vetus memoriaperhi- betj. 3, Though I doubt not but that Cratippus,. the greatest Philosopher of this Age, daily in- culcates these precepts of Duty to you ; yet I have not thought it wholly unnecessary to remind you of them myself (priiiceps hujus memori^ phihsophorum Melior. 1. The more inconveniences we ,Iie under, with so much the more favorable in- clination ought you and your Council to hear \ our words (eh meliojn mente), \ ^. Atheas sent Philip word, that the *Sn/- i thians did not stand in need of Macedonian ' Succours, being better Men than theij ; and that as for himself, he wanted no Heir, since he had a Son of his own living (quibus 7neliores forent): h. q. fort lores. 3. A saucy Fellow threw a Stone at, and . struck AEsop. Bravely done, Boy, says the old Man ^ and gave him a Farthing ( Tanto me- \ \ ' . lior)\ of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 239 lior). Laudandi cum exclamatione formula. Sic Tanto nequior. Mextiok. L They contest this point with Epicurus, icho. in mv opinion, is not much out of the icaii (non multiim mentient-e). AIerces. 1. I am by no means of their mind, \vho mightily cry up a strange unin- telligible Indolencv. Let me not be sick: but if I am, let me be sensible of it. For that same Indolence is not to he purchased hut at a great rate-, viz. that of hrutishness in the Soul, and of insensibility in the Body (71071 sin} magna mercedc contingit inunanitatis^ S>'c.J Mereo. 1. P^;z^//;2 2^ had some pretence to expect the Government himself; consider- ing that he was senior ol all the Consulars, and, being fam.ous for courage and conduct, had deservedly acquired glory and renown by his excellent Service in the British Expedi- tions ( gloriam nomcnque mcruisset ) . 2. WJiat can hire you to leave off being an Epicurean f Nothing at all, say you, to forego the truth. Is that the truth then ? f^uid me- rea^J : h. e. S.uid mercedis te perpellat, iit, V. o For me to endure that she should con- tinue married to my Son but one Day ! No hire in the World tcould he a satisfaction for it (nihil suave meritum est) : h. e. Nihil mihi mercedis suave est, ut ego illurn^ b^c. Donatus, Meritum est participium. Meritum, I. Do you think I deserved this- usage ^40 The peculiar Use and Sign {fie a I ion usage ^ D. Not In the least. But since all | your complaints cannot undo what is already done, forget and forgive. (Merito hoc meo vi- detiir factum PJ Meus. 1. If upon taking him off, 1 had judged all your danger removed, long since I had cut off L. Catiline; 72ot only at the hazard of draimng an odium upon myself but also of losing my Life (non modh invidice mede^ verhm etiam vit<£ periculo. Sic. J : qua fnihi posset invi- deri, 2. Two Roman Knights replied, they would remove that obstruction, and promised they would that very Night, a little before Day, kill me in my Bed (me meo in iectulo). In ipsd ejusdem syllahce repetiiione inest elcgantia. Ti- , bullus — Me mea paupertas viicC traducat inerti, M]HI. 1. I have a parcel of Fish to my , mind : I mu^t take care that I have tJiem not spoiled (mihi ne cor rump antur), 2. I am troubled at nothing more, than that j he went out of Town but slenderly attended. ^ Would he had taken along with him all his Forces ! He took me out Tongilius^ one that he was reported to have been fond of in his Child- hood ( Tongiliuni mihi eduxit). 3. That Servant is to my tliinlcing SM^c\cn\\y tried, that takes care of his Master, as I find you do (mihi J. Miles. L Casar sent the Foot and the Horse qj- certain Words in tiie Latin Tongue. 241 Horse to the Expedition in a triple Battalion (milites) : h. e. pedijes. Mi lit em pro pedJte accipi, et opponi eqxiiti^ quia prcccipiia exerci- tuuin Romanoriwi I'is in pedititm lirtiite ac ro- bore consistebat ; Equiies miletes appellabantvr. Minor. 1. It is ridiculous for you to re- mind me of that, Clitipho : as if / was less concerned in that matter than you f jninor istic mea res agatur) : minus. Vide INTERVENIO. c MiNUO. L Whereas most People think that the Actions of War are more glorious than those of Peace, this opinion should be altered ( minuenda est y ; h. e. mutanda, tollenda. 2. There is no question but that Chremes will not give you his Daughter. But do not you in tJie least alter ivfiat you now do-, for this reason, lest he should alter his mind (minueris hccc qiue nuncfacis desieris^ omiseris ugerc, S. Cccsar desires of both, that, since they had brought Fowpei/s instructions to him, they would not think much to carry his de- mands to Pompei/ ; if haply they might witk a little pains be able to put an end to great Conii^oversies ( minuere controversias ) . 4. Whenever a State wages War, either offensive or defensive, they make choice of an officer for this occasion, whom they invest with power of life and death. In Peace they have no such common Magistrate, but the Chief of every Canton distribute Justice, and decide Controversies amongst their own People Y , f inter 242 The peculiar Use and Signification (inter suos jus dicnnt, coniroversiasgue mimi- wit) : h. e. tolliint. 5. Robberies committed out of their Con- fines, carry no infamy with them, f nullam ha- bent, 8(c.J These things ihey brag they do to exercise their youth and prevem Idleness fac desidice minuend(Z causa) . Iilmuai , e.rimat, evellai. Plus inteHigi-t, quam exprimit. 6. The Towns were so situated, that they had no access, neither Land fpedilnis ), be- cause of the riigh-Yfater, which aiw^ay? bap-j pened once in six hours ; nor by Sea, because, upon the Ebb of the Tide, the Ships were ]eft3 upon the Sands as a prey to the Enemy (qubd\ rursils minuenic cestu j : se nimirum. | MiRUS. 1. A great chance bid J visit the i !Mill-House before night (Alira sunt, nisi) h. e. minim est. Vide l^OTVS. MiSCEO. 1. The Sovereign Good, which must be one single and simple thing, cannot be made up and comvounded of things of a differ- ent Nature (ex rebus, c^c. misceriet teinperari), 2. 1 long since sav/ a great malignancy ziwrldng (versari) in the State, and certain- new mischiefs brewins^ and stirrino- : but that SO great, so deadly a Conspiracy was formmg by Citizens, I never dreamed ( misceri et con- i c it aid). MlSERlA. ]. A thousand such things as i . these happen in human Life. Men meet with ' pleasures again they meet with uneasinesses : they {yf certain Words in the Latin Tongue, ^43 thev fali out : they are reconciled again (mi- ser las ■ : h. e. cegritudines. IM'iSEROR. 1.. The Women grievous!)-, af- flicted themselves ; held up their suppliant hands to Keaven ; lamented their small Child- rtn ; feared all things : forgetting their Pride and Luxury, they despaired of themselves arid their QoMnUY (miser ari parvos liheros) : h. e. eorumfata deplorabant. Hoc misereor ac mi- seror interest : mXs^rtVCii', qui quoquo modo mi- sericordid a^yicitur : miseratur^ qui suani alio- rumve ■ciceni lament a tur. MiTlGO. i. The River Nile waters Egypt ^ and havin<^ drowned and Booded it all Sum- mer, it withdraws and leaves it softened and manured to the Seedman's Hand. As for In- dus^ which is the greatest of all Rivers, it not only cherishes and melloics the Ground with its Waters, but even sov/s it too y being re- ported to bear along with it seeds of Corn in great abundance (mitigat) : h. e. mitem, cuU tuneque hah item efficiat. MiTTO. 1, Alcibiades sends to Alliens to let them know^ that Z'c' vvouid by force oblige them to restore the People to their ancient rights and liberties, if they would not do it of them- selves /''^//z^'^za'^" mittit, se) : h. e. litteris nun- ciisve missis, significGt. 2. They sent Iccius and Antebrog'us, the principal Men of their State, Ambassadors to Ccesar, to tell him that they surrendered them.- y 2 selves ^44 The peculiar Use and Signijicahon selves and every thing they had to the Ro- mans ( miseriuit ) . In optimis iiiembraim decst^ qui dicerent. S. Having drawn all the Sea-port Towns into the same Conspiracy w^ith themselves^ they sends, common DepHtation to Crassus, to let him know ; if he meant to recover his Officers, he must return them their Hostages (mittunt:, sivelit, tic. ohsides slbi remitiat), 4. Maliotes was sent Ambassador to the Senate by King Attains^ between the second and third Funick War, about the time that Enniiis died (missus est), Mittere scjepe signifi- mt Icgatum mittere, 5. Though at a vast distance from you, yet I . see you with the Eyes of my Mind, and often talk wdth you under the cold Northern Pole, Though absent you are frequently present i . and ^iarting.from the Ciiy arrive in an instant' amidst the Getes (ah ur be missus). Moles, l. This Person, so forward, so au^ dacious, so subtle, so watchful, at his Treason, had 1 not driven from his secret Ambushes in Town to open Action in the Field, I had not so easily put by this so mighty a heap &f Calamity from your Necks ( nGnfaciVt hanc iantam miolem mali d cervicibus veslris depulissem). MoLiOR. 1. Thither they run in great num- bers, /orce the Doors, and threaten Cccsar him- self with death, unless he delivers the Stand- ard (molitintur fores )^ MoNEa,- of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 24-5 MoNEO. 1 . Livia liad ordered the Guards to be all under Arms at every Avenue of the Pala-':^e and the Town, and caused reports to be hourly spread of the ■Emperor's amend- ment; \inti\ having got all things in readiness, ichich the present Conjuncture suggested as ne- cessary, she declared at once, the death of Augustus^ and the accession of Tiberius to the Empire (provisis qiue tempiis monebat). 1\I0XSTR0. L They first invented the use of Cloth, of Wine, and Oil. They taught Men that fed upon Acorns to plough and sow (glan- deni vcscentibus nionsiraruni ) , MONUMENTUM. 1. Adieu, my dear Ci- cero, and assure yourself, that though no one in the World is more dear to me than you are, yet you will be much more so, if 1 find you take delight in Books of such Instructions (talibus monumenf is prceceptisque) : h.e. libris in quibus hujusmodi prcecepta iraduntur. Vide Ac. >viOS. L Xo Father w^ill marry his Daugh- ter to a Man of such Morals f his moribusj. 2. Cesar having burnt Martium^ their Ca- pital To'wn, ravaged all the Low^-lands, and took his march backwards to the FJiine ; the Enemy not daring to attack his rear, as their custom is, when they feign to fly through stra- tagem, rather than fear f quod illi moris ) : nego- tium nimirum. MOVEO, 1. Is not that !\Ian guilty of harm- Y3 " ing ^46 The peculiar Use and Sigm/lcaUon ing another, that ousts the rightful Heirs as it were by a spell, and procures himself to be put into their room ( veros hceredes inoveat) ? 2. No longer now icitl that dagger be busy: (versabitur) amidst the Ribs of us. He was beat off his Gua- d whicn he was driven out of the City (loco ille motus est) : h. e. de statu de- jectus. 3. To make the World believe that he banished him not out of hatred to the Man^ but merely for his own security, he put on board all Dion's moveables and sent them ta him (omnia auuC moveri poterant Dicnis). Mox. 1. Cassiiis Cccra, an intrepid youths iJie same ivho afterivards t^ot eternal Glory by the death of Cali^i^ta, opened himself a age with his Swo; d through a crowd of armed Saldiers, vAio endeavoured to have seized him (moxy ^c. adeptus). MuLTUM. 1. There are others to be found of a very different humour, who think it un- lawful to do any thing by stratagem and un- der-hand dealing, but are all for sim.plicity and plainness in their Actions (midtiivi dispar). MCJLTUS. 1. I admire what. should come 'into the Head of Theophrastus, who in a Book ■which he wrote concerning Riches, amongst several excellent things, n/i^^" out mightily in commendation of Magnificence, and giving public Shows to the People ; and thinks the being able to supply such expences, the prin- ccrlain JJ orLu iii the Lalin Tongue, 247 iple advantage of Riches fmuliiis est in laa-- '■2. Let the common People admire worth- less things. JsiRv I ever wear a Crown of tender ^Myrtle, and be much i^ead by the pen- sive Lover (muliiis legav) : h.e. multum. Sic plurimus, pro plurimum. 3. The Furniture of his Llouse was mode- rare, not superfiiiGus ; so that he could not be- censured either tor sordidneis or luxury (non viuUa). 4. The jlatiery} of the Senate zvas excessive tji vdation to Livia also:. Some ci them voting- tier the title of Mother, by way €>f excellence and distinction : Others, that of blether of her Country. But Tiberius replied, that they ought not to confer honours on Yv^omen- too lavishly. AVhich he said out of envy to his Mother, whose Elevation he regarded as a lessening to his own Authority (multa patrum et in Lid am adulaiio). iSIUNlO. L Hercules is gone to the Gods.. He had never gone, had he nor, whilst he lived among ^len, secured his passage thither- feani sibiciani inunivissft) : h, e. tutam reddi^ disset. MUNUS. L He persuades Tissaphernes not to supply the Lacedcemonians with the usual Sum of Money, but to call in the lonians to a peirt of the charge and burdens since the Y/ar was undertaken to set them at liberty, and 7 he peculiar Use and Sigmficatioii and they used before to pay tribute to tlie Athenians {in portionem muneris)^ Ilincim- munis. MuTO. 1. They laid waste the Country: they drove before them booties of Slaves and Catlle : these they gave the Merchants in ex- change for Wine and ether such things (ea mutavere cum rnercatoribus vino^ ^c. j 2. He received his only Son, that was ta- ken Captive by the Enemies^ in exchange for another Prisoner of theirs^, that came into his. Hands (mutavit cum). NM. I. P. What is the business? B. He- is in love with your Spouse. P. Trctk he is of a different relish from me ( NcC isle fiaud raecum sentii). Hcec particida pronominibMS modo videtur prccponi. Nam. 1. No, no: it shall not pass (ihit) thus : I will stand it out. For me, that am a Queen, to suppHcate Latona like a Slave (Nam et ego). In hoc loquendi genere permagna inest vis. NanCISCOR. 1. Do not I deserve a Tri- umph, if I get no mischief by your Marriage j(nanciscor) ^ . NarPvO. of cerlain Words in Ike Latin Tongue. 249 Narro. L Perhaps you are afraid of the r;]ack Mastlfr \vlth three Heads, the howling Kiver, the ferrying oyer Acheron. S. Do you lake me to be so destitute of Reason, as to believe these Tales? M. Why, do you not believe them? S. Not 1, at all. M. You tell me ill News, I zdll stvear. S. How so, I be- seech you ? M. Because I could be eloquent in confuting them, (male hercide narras.) Vide Nuncio. Natio. 1, I would advise you not to spend that Wit, which your Sect has so little of, in ridiculing us (vestra natio). Natio certum genus hominum significat. Ita tota cGiidida'- torum nalio, apud Ciceronem pro L. Murena : Et, Ardelwnura nailo^ apud Phsedrumi. Natus. 1. The Necks of Oxen were made for the Yoke, and their strong broad Should- ers for drawing the Plough (naidt),. Ne. 1. Nothing of those matters ever af- fected me even when I was a young Man, inucli less now J am an old one ( ne nunc senem j : h. e. nedum. ^- Nec. 1. You see in what a dismal Country '] am placed, and may be a witness that I da not co7nplain\N\ihovii\'t2iion (nec vie^ S,'c. giie- rij : h. e. et te teste uti possum me non, &c. ^ 2. When a young Gentlemxan is just come into Public, and is known and remarkable eidicr by the fame of his Father's Actions, or by any other means y/hatever ; the Eyes ^50 The peculiar Use and Significatw7i of all are immediately upon him, and every one is enquiring after what he does, and how he steers his Life; and as though he was set in public View, so no one Word or Action of his can he kept secret (it a nullum obscuritm po- test nec dictum ejus esse, nec factum). NEcessitudo. 1. I am ungrateful unless I love him as well as my most near Relations (necessiludines) : h. e. necessarios. Ita Fa* miliaritates pro. Familiarlbus ; Servitia pra • servis ; Amicitiee pro Amicis. Negligens. i. Having undertaken the re-' lief and ease of those wretched Cities, pillaged, and ruined by their own Magistrates, 1 could not he regardless in the case of that unnecessary Expence fin illo sumjjtu negligens esse): h.e. facilis et liberalis in decernendo hoc sumptu. Negligens hlc rara et exquislta significa- tione accipitur pro prodigiis^ effusus in sump- tus: cui opponitur DILIGENS 3 h. e. frugalis, parous. Nego 1. The Stoics and Peripatetics can- not agree : the one say that nothing is good but what is honest ; the other, that they give the preference to honesty before all things ; how- ever, that there are some corporeal and ex- ternal Goods. ( alter i negant cjuidquam esse ho^ num, (^c-.yi Negant resolvendum est in aiunt non ; quasi dicer et^ aiunt nihil quidquam esse bo- num, &c. Ex nego, siciit ex nemo, nolo, S(£p€ propter Ellipsin, eliciiur afjirmatio. ■ " % Falinurus of ce'^taiii TFor^ds in the Latin Tongue, 251 2. Falihuriis himself says he cannot disiin- guish Night irom Day by Sky; and that he knows not which wav to sieer (negat de- cemereJ.' Yi.Q negat i^e posse. ■ Nemo. 1. You ordered a Thanksgiving on my -behalf which honour has not been given to mty in the Long Fohe before me (togato hahitiis wire ; e est ne^ ini).. Siw loco po?iiru7' ueminl. ■ Nempe. I. i). I should be glad to have the Man jhev/n me. G Yon mean, I suppose^ Phormio. D. That Patron of the Woman J-Ne^ape). . -Neque, 1. They knew the Enemy were al- 'together Strangers to heir Coast, and were con- fiaenl that our Armies could not subsisi: Ions: among them tor want oi Provisions (neque ■nostros ex ere it us, 8hc. posse confidiebantj . 2. \s' ho does not see, that ?20 Gene-ral, either in IVar, or Statesman in Peace, could ever pertormx any glorious Exploits, or do any no- table service to the Public, without the con- currence of other Men's endeavours (nerninem neque dutein belli) f Nihil. 1. I am privately obliged to the Year, and to God that governs the Year, though it teas not orderly divided hi honour of me alone : Fools think nothing theirs, that is public f nihil descriptus est) : h. e. lum, Ter. And. 4. 4. 16. Ego, quid agas, nihil intelligo I understand not what vou are going upcn. 2. G. ^52 The peculiar Use and Significaiion 2. G. This Mail is good for nothing, Phsedria : All is lost. AVhy do we lose our time ? 1 will even be jogging on. P. And so will I. { Hoc nihil est,) Utrumhoc relaiivnm F an hoc cwn coTiiemptu, pro, hie Antipho nihil est f NiMlS. 1. p. All the troops that were marching to Thebes, are discharged and sent home. R. Are you sure' of that ? P. Sure of it. P. Exceeding good news (Nimis factum henl ). NiMlUS. 1. The principal cause of his Mis- fortune was the extravagant opinion that Mea had of his parts and valour f ni?niusj. ^. The touch is proportionably diffused through ((^quabiliier fusus) the whole Body, that so we may be sensible of Blows, and the more violejit Approaches of heat and cold (ni- mios ap pulsus ). NiSL 1. What reason was there that Capita should be the first Man that was acquainted with Bosciuss murder ? I cannot tell : but I see this, that Ca' ito is in possession of three of his 'best Farms (nisi hoc video) : h. e. sed. 2. Of all the Grecians, 1 find not one that has been at once an Orator and Philosopher; unless perchance Demetrius Phalareus may be reckoned so (nisi si). Nux apud Ovidium : Nil ego peccavi ; nisi si peccare videtur^ Annua ciiltori porna referre sua. NiTOR. 1. When the Cranes, in quest of warmer Places, cross the Seas, they rest their Heads' (^fc^rlain Words in the Latin Tongue. toS Headg and Necks upon the Backs of those that Hr foremost ^ and because he that lead?, as hcrsTTig nothing to lean upon, cannot do this ; he, at length, gets behind, that so he hke- wise mav repose himself ; the next of those that have rested succeeding in his place; and so they take their turns throughout their whole course fquia non habet uhin'itaiur). 2, There i? sonie:hing to be admired in those Water-Creatures that breed upon the Land, as Crocodiles and the River Tortoises; and some Reptiles too, which, though not ge- nerated in the Water, vet make to it, as soon as ever they are able to rncve forxivard (simul ac primiim niti possunt )\ v^. The greater anv Man'» Soul is, the mor^i vi2:orousl\ he tends tozvards 2:1 orv and imnior- tality fnititur adj. NiTEO. 1. When vou go to buy a Farm ia any place, observe how well the Neighbours look and ho v.' plentifully they live (quo pacd& iiiteanij. In a good Air, and in a fruitful Coun- try, People must look welly and live handsomelij { nitere oportebif ) . NOEILITO 1. Phalaris, whose Cruelty is particularly famed, v.as destroyed by a general Insurrection of all the As^rigentines falling upon him at once fpr.tter cditeros nohilitata). Nolo. 1. I will never endure to be thu§ accused of dishonesty : I will leave my Hu,^- bandj unless he makes me satisfaction, and Z , swears So4 The peculiar Use and Signification swears that he is sorry for having said what he has of me, who am innocent ^( nolle esse dicta qux). Semet purgandi formula. Nomp:n. 1. When we intend to lend Money ^ we diligently enquire into the Patrimony of him that is to be our Debtor (Nomina facturi). Note. The Creditor is said nomina facere, who lends Money ^ because he enters the name of him whom lie has lent so much Money to^ in his Book of Accounts. Also, When the Debtor paid ichat had been lent him, he u as said no- men dissolvere, expedire, expungere ; because his name zvas struck out of the Booti of his Cre- . ditor, as soon as he had paid. NONNE. 1, What? Did not the Macedoni- ans revolt from Demetrius, and all march over to Pyrrhus (Macedones nonne)? NOSCO. 1. Let every Man obserce^xi'^^ own humour and genius, and be severe in examin- ing what he is well litted, or not fitted tor (noscat). 2. Whereas you excuse yourself, I, for my part, both admit your excuses, and think it my interest that you should continue where you are (tiias causas nosco). iSloscere causam sit probare^ accipere, admittere excusationem, 3. 1 thought that my honesty and diligence was proved not only to those tJiat Jinew me., but those that did not know me : in which I was not mistaken (notis, ignotis). Active quasi. Ita Phccdrus de Asello frutice contecto : — Viriiitis of cenain Words in (he Latin Tongue. 255 Virluiis expcrs, verbis j act ans gloriam Ignotos fallit, not is est derisui. 4. How the life of vour Brother JEneas Is attempted by revengeful Juno^ is knoivn to you ftibi noia). Vide MlRUS. NoviTAS. 1. The stroke will have less force, which is foreseen and expected : the sudden- ness and surprise of them adds to the weight of Misrortunes fnovitas). 2. This Action [ take to be very memor- able, because of the surprising greatness of the wickeaness,and the danger [sceleris^S^c . noviiate). Nov US. 1. All these, that you see appear in fhis Cause, conceive that an injurv contrived, ^iih unlieard-of Villainy ought to be warded off, but dare not themselves ward it off, be- cause they are apprehensive of danger (novo \ scelere confiatam.) NULLUS. 1. \Vhen the State, which I had laboured for with all my power, ivas quite ruined and come to nothing ; 1 thought I could not find out a better way to get rid of those Troubles which oppressed my Mind, than by returning again to the Studies of Philosophy (nulla esset omninoj. 2. There were other things that made our Ancestors great, xvliicJi ive have no share ofi Industry at home, just Government abroad, a Mind free in deliberating, engaged neither by partial favour, nor partial \vMxtd^ (qiuc no- his nulla sunt Z 2 3. Thev ^55 Tht peculiar Use and Signlficatian S. They arc miserable for thig very reason „^ because thei/ are not in being f?iulli sunt J : h. c. non sunt. 4. Servius TuUus, S^iii of a Captive Wo^ man of Cornicuhim, his FaChcr imknoivn, his^ Mother a Slave, through his Parts and Virtues obtained and held the Kingdom (patre mdlo), 5. ¥/hat need I mention Arts and other yseful Inventions, without which there could be 710 living at all (viia omnino indla}. Potest fbservari to nullus, nemo, nihil, &c. posieria- rem orationis partem non inekfcmter occupare.. 6. He that questions the Being of a God^' may as v/ell doubt whether there he a Sttn^ or no : For wherein is the one more evident than the other fSol sit, an milbis sit) f NUMERO. \ They carry more than a Fort-t night's Provision ; they carry their necessary Baggage ; they carry the Palisadoes : for Buckler, Sword, Flelmet, our Soldiers connt no more a burden than their Shoulders, their Arms^ their Hands (in onere non plus nnmerant). NUMERUS. 1. Suppose a Merchant should bring a large quantity of Corn from Alexan- dria to R/wdes, at a time when there is a Famine amongst the Bhodia?is : suppose, like- wise, he should know that a great many Ships, well laden with Corn, are in the way thither from the City ; should he tell this now to the People of Fihodes^ or say nothing of it, but qf certain Ji ords in the Lai in Tongue. ^5 J sell his own Corn at the best Rate he can. (magmun frumcnti numeriimj / NUNQUAM. 1. Governors were sent into- Provinces without the privacy or approbation: of the People ; private Men and Lictors marched before them in the Citv^ and Capi- tol, ivkicJi until then liad nei'er happened (quod, ante id tempus accidei'at niniquamj. Istiusmo- di collccatio vocis nunquam venustatem habet. Nu^XlO. L Yv^e have a Grandchild born^ us: for mv Daughter was brought from your House with Child. L. Good Nczvs, I will swear ( Bene niincias J.. Ita, Frobl narras • Ben'h factum^ Kc. - •• , XUPER. 1. We make no question but the calamitif of the Fiedmontois professing our Religion, reached your Ears before the un^ welcome News of it arrived v>"ith us (iluy^ nuper calamitas) . O, OBEO. 1. Some Writers affirm, that be- cause two Consuls were not able to at- tend so many Wars at once, therefore three iSIilitary Tribunes were created (obire tot si- mill bella). 2. Tanutius ^dds, that Crassiis, either throwgh fear or remorse of Conscience,, appeared not Z 3 ztporu ^58 T/ir peculiar Use and Sigiiijkaiidn upon the day fixed for the Murder; and that therefore Curio gave not the signal agreed upon; which was the throwing his Gown off his Shoulders ( diem ccedi destinaium non obiisse.) 3. For the execution of certain Affairs, he had certain choice and suitable Instruments ; nor yet, as soon as he had given a thing in charge, did he reckon his work done : t/iere was noiliing hut ivhat he overlooked himself appeared in good time. He could bear cold, thirst, hunger, (nihil erat^ quod non ipse ohiret, occurreret, &ic.) 4. Whereas your Enemies had reckoned that so many Citizens should survive as xvere the remainder of a boundless Massacre fccedi restitisset ) ; and so much of the City should stand, as the Flame could not take in ; I have preserved both City and Citizens safe and sound ( quaniiim flarama obire noyi poiuisset). Objicio. L When ani/ Ihing is presented to. our view- zvhich carries the appearance- of Profit ^long xoiih it^ we cannot but immediately be in some degree affected with it : but if, upon taking a nearer view, we find there is any thing base and dishonest joined to it, it is our duty to reject it fCiim aliqua species utiliiaiis ohje&a est) ; ani mo nimirum . 2. Though I was never over-fond of Life, yet sometimes a certain fear and concern is raised in my mind, when I consider that the time will come when this light will have an end, kif certain IV or ds in the Latin Tongue. £59 end, and that I must part Avitli all the comforts of Life (objiciiur aniino). 3. Our Troops return home victorious, hav- ing put an end to a very great War, and ut- terly defeated the Enemy, vvho had been the cause o/'many untimely Funerals to the People of Thtbes (Thebano popido objecerant ) . ■ 4. Spurinna vvas very well satisfied that Ccecina was not near ; or, if he were, he re- solved to keep his Men vv iihin their Trenches, and not expose three Fr.elorian Cohorts, and a handful of Horse, as a prey to a numerous Army of old staunch Soldiers fobjicerej. Obnoxius. 1. After these horrid Actions^ as he Vs^as hated and abhorred by all, he lived under great disorder and anxiety of Mind, as from a sense of guilt and apprehensiorx ot punishment ( prcetrepidus atqiie obnoxius,.) "2. The heads of Vines are capable of being- endamaged HQixtiQT by tfie Floug/i, nor the Oxen / aratro obnoxia ). 3. The only thing in me that is capable of suffering injury, is rnv Body : in thi^ xceak ex- posed Tene?7ient my Soul diwells free fin kocob- noxio domicilioj : infirmo, et injuriae opportune . ObnUNTIO. 1. The Agrarian Law being promulged, he drove his Colleague, icho pro- tested against it, out of the Forum by force of Arms {obriiintiantera). Proprie obnuniiare di- cuntur Augures, qui aliquid mali ominis sea:--, vumque viderint.. Obsequor. 260 The peculiar Use aiid Signification Obsequok. 1. Pamphihis was in the height of his Passion for Bacchis, when his Father began to desire him to marry. He denied it at first : but upon his Father's pressing him; more earnestly, he was brought to a perplexity xvhether he should have a greater regard tOr Love or Duty (inagis obseqiiereiur). Observo. 1. Fright Davus ; watch what Painphiliis does (observes Pamphdmn quid agatj,. Obsto. 1. The greatest concern 1 have iri; the World now is, /hat ihe length of my Age- ma^/ not be an eye-sore to any body : and that no one may long for my death fut ne eui ob- stetj. Obtineo. 1. Tiberius Gracchus, the Son of Publius, will always be praised and had in ad- miration, as long as any Memorials shall re- main of the Roman AtchieveiVients : but his Sons, on the contrary, were not in their life^ time approved of by good Men ; and since their death are numbered among those ivho have been justly slain ( numerum obtinent jure caso* rum). 2!. You still keep up your old sweet Tem- per and pleasant Humour fobtinesj: h. e. porro tenes, tenere pergis. 3, That Rule should, in my Judgment, be observed in Life, which is kept up in the En- tertainments of the Greeks : — let him drink, ovbQ gone fobtifietiir J. 4. Whereas the Waters covered and over- spread of ceriahi Words in the Latin Tongue. 261 \ spread every place, so that they could find no dry Ground to lay their wearied Bodies on; they were fain to pile their Packs one upon another, and lie upon them to get a nap (om- nia ohlintrent aqii^). Obtingo. 1. 1 have Reason to hope (de- ho sperare) that all the Gods that are tutelar to this City will render unto me according to my desert. Then, if any iJiing should fatl out amiss, I shall die with an equal and pre- pared mind (dcinde^ si quid ohfigeru). OcGASio. 1. The proper season or time for doing a thing, is by the Greeks called vjxonola^ by the Latins Occasio. OCCUPO. 1. Since one has prevented ivy be- ing the first Fable-writer, I will take care he shall not be the only one foccupavit neforem), Scipio passed the Po first, and having decamped to the River Ticimis, came to give his Soldiers heart, before he drew them out to Battle, where he m.ade a Speech to them (OC" cu p a V it 1 1 'ajicere J . OCCURRO. 1. Many that had Suits depend- ing, lost their Causes, because they could not he present to make tJieir appearance ( occurrere ad vadrmonium) : h. e. prssto esse, &c. 2. A meeting of the States was appointed upon a certain day, which that he might bs present at in time, Cassar hastened his March (cui lit occurreret ) . He passed the River Jberus Vv-ithi eight - thousand .562 The peculiar Use and Signijicalwji thousaPxd Foot and a thousand Horse, ihoiigh he meant to be ready at the first arrival of the Eomans (tanqnam occursiiriis ad). Odium. 1. The old Man, by baiting and importuning^ did at last make his Son promise to marry (odio).~ At te Dii De^cque verduint cum isto odio, Inches, Teren. Hec. 1. 2. Offendo. 1. When he saw any Man, (hat he met Inj chance, in an ill habit, he frequently gave him his own Coat (offemwn for tuna). %. Who is so much a Lynceus, as not to trip, nor run against any thing, amidst so much darkness (qui niiiil offendat). h. e. non. S. Lacrynice, gaudio cadunt : h. e. oh, propter gaudium. This use of the naked Ablative is frequent with the Antients : Yet learned Commentators have often stumbled at it fin eo offenderunt.) 4. Men will judge of your Action by the event: if it falls out as we would wish it, all People will say you have done wisely : but if any miscarriage or ill success happens, they will condemn you of rashness and ambition. (Sin aliquid erit offhmun ) : h. e. rem male geres : clade aliqua afficieris. 5. Be assured of this: that nothing was ever so infamous, so scandalous, so disgustful and odious to all ranks and degrees of Men ( off en sum.) 6. Bodily indispositions may happen without ,-■ . - - our of certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 265 our fault ; those of the Soul cannot (ccrforum oiftnnones.) Officio. 1 . The Mind cannot easily see the Truth, v/hen hatred, friendship, anger, pity, stand in its lighi (officiunt.J 'J. When Alexander asked Diogenes, if he could serve him in any thhig ? At present, he answered, stand a lirtle out of my Sun. He had stood in /lis tcay, it seems, and hindered his hashing (Offecerat viddicet apricantij. OffiCIUM. I. Ail these things 1 took to be the effects of an humane Temper and gentle Disposition (oificia j. 2. The Conspirators, under colour of paying him their Duty, g^ither^d round Cesar rs soon as he iiad taken his place in the Senate f Specie officii J : quasi per ojiciinn, ut loquitur Tacitus. Omitto. I. These hopes failing them^ and their Propositions tor Peace being also reject- ed ; some of them came over and submitted to Germanicus \ tJie rest, forsaking their Can- tons, retired into the iiiierior Parts of their Vv^oods (rtlianii, onussis pagis. S\\J Omnixo. 1. He took up his Quarters this Winter in Bdgiujn. Th/thc^' only tico of the British Slates sent him Hostages: the rest neglected their Promise feo dua omninb ci-ii- tates ex Britannia, Sc. J Omnis. 1. The zchole count j^J of Gaul is ex- fremely addicted to Superstition : wherefore those that are dangerously ih, or daily con- versant ^54 The peculiar Use and Sfgnification j versant in the dangers of Battle, either offer human Sacrifices, or devote themselves to the Altar ; because they think the Gods are never appeased, but by the death of one Man for j another (iiatio est oinnis Gallorum admodiim dedita religionihm) . ^. Gaul is in the zvJiole divided into three parts. Each part is inhabited by People of different Languages, Laws, and Customs/^Gfl;/- lia est omnis divisa in partes tresj. Vox omnis, ita posita prascipuam habet venustatem. Opes. \. Riches are desired either to sup- ply us with the necessaries of Life, or furnish us with the pleasures and conveniences of it. But by many the desire of Money te/ids to In- terest only (special ad opes). Tliat no force of poicer or greatness can bear up long against public Plate, if it were not sufficiently know^n before, was of late made appear by an instance of our own (niillas opes). 3. It seems to me the better Course to seek Glory by tJie abilities and faculties of the Mind rather than of the Body ; and since the very life that we enjoy is short, to make oiir Memory as long as possible (opibus.) Opinio. L Forus, a Man remarkable for strength of Body and greatness of Soul, Iiav- ing lieard of tlie fame of Alexander^ prepares War against his Arrival (audita Alexandri opinione). Oppeto, i&f certain JFords' in the Latin Tongue. 266' Oppeto. 1. Death is then undergone with the greatest evenness of Mind, when the dying Person can comfort himself w^ith re- flections upon his past good Actions (oppe^ titiu'). Omittunt mortem in Voce Activa. Opportunitas. I. Yvhenever the i?^)?7z^??6^ endeavoured to exchide the Ocean by arti- ficial Mounts, which they raised to an equal height with the alls of the Town ; the Enemy, as soon as vs^e Vv^ere prepared to en- ter, having plenty of Shipping, quickly con- veyed themselves and their Effects away by Sea to the next Port : where they again defend" ed themselves by the same advantages of the si- tuation (ubi se nirsus iisdem oppovtunitatibus loci defendebantj . Opportuxus. 1 . On a sudden they were so becalmed, that their flight v»^as prevented ; ichich thing XV as of mighty advantage to the Ro- mans. For our Men, grappling with them, boarded so many, that after the Battle had continued from between eight and nine in the Morning until Sun-set, few of their number had the tortune to save themselves, and get to Land by the assistance of the Night (qux qiiideni res^ &ic. maxini^ fuit opporfiina) , ^. Every fortuitous thing is instable : the higher it has risen, the readier it is for falling. It is safer trusting to any condition than to the best (opportunius est in occasum), 3. The thing appeared probable ; becausQ by 4is prodigious Liberality, he had run him- ' self £66 ' The peculiar Use and Significalion -self vastly into debt (opportnna videhaturj: Creditur. Optimus. 1. S. Is there any reason, why I should not marry her to-morrow? P. None ill the World (Optima). Sirnpliciter qiiidem respondebant NULLA ; at doctiiis, Optl^L'\. Id ortum ab religiosis veterum, et ubique su^ -4^y;/xfTv gestientibus. Nam NIHIL aut NULL4 '^u(y(prj[xci: NuJLLl enim illis mortui, Et idem etFiciebat alterum : nam si optima erat causa ut fieret, vel cur fieret, utique et erat nulla, quin, vel cur non fieret, J. F. G. Fide RECTE; . Opus. I. Themistoeles told the People in,^ general Assembly, that he had thought of a thing which might prove of great use and ad- vantage to the Public, but that it zcas not con- venient it should he knozon : wherefore he de- sired they would appoint him some Person to -whom he might safely communicate it in se- cret (id sciri opus non esse). 2. Pie ordered him to be seated on a golden Couch, with a rich Coverlet, a Tapestry Car- pet, emhroideredi ivith curious Figures ( magni-^ Jicis operilms picio) . . 3. In this Rencounter, the Amphitheatre^ a, most noble and beautiful Structure, unfortu- nately took Fire, and was consumed to Ashes : but wdiether this mischance came from the Brands, and other combustible m^atter, which the Besiegers threw into the Place, or from that which those who defended the City re- turned of certain JVords in the Latin Tongue. 267 :i:rned upon the Assailants, is uncertain (pid- :iicrrimuni amphitheatri opus) . 4. Tareiitus, founded hjj the Lacedcenionians^ s once the Metropolis of Calabria and Apu- and of all Lucania (LacedcC/noniGruni opus). 5. Trccj^us Pompeivs composed the History Gretce, and of all the World, in the Latin 1 vP.gue ; attennipting a thing of great labour :nid difficulty (magni operis). Ita Gr^ci f^yoj^ pro labore accipiunt. C>. This, as we have ea'^nestly desired in :ur former Letters, so now again xcnh the ■^reat€st ardency and importunity we request ot rour Majesty (studio inaximo at que opere) . 7. How solicitous and careful are Beasts ta secure ihemsekes I How do they cast their Eves round about vdiile feeding ! Flow do they shelter themselves in Dens f^uanio se op ere custodiunt) I 8. It was about the middle of Seed-time, when the Lictor, sent" by the Senate, fornd Lucius Quinctius leaning upon his Plough, in the midst of his Work fin ipso opere). Opus vror opere rustico frequentatur. Teren. Eun. 2. L 9. He begged of the Senate not to think that he, who had done many signal Services to the People of Rome, should desire the ruin of the State fsibi, SiV. perditd rep. opus esse). Ordo. 1. If I offer her in ^iarriage to a Scranger, I must tell him particularly and at icn^llL hovv^ she came to be niv Daughter, and Aa 2 ' by !268 The peailiar Use mid^SigniJicaiwii by whom (online). Idem est denarrare apud Terentium. Phor. 6. 6. 5\. Or dine valel, quam ."^ongum est : at full length. Gro. 1. A Judge may do much for Friend;- ship sake, and wish that his Friend may have the juster Cause 5 and allow him as long tim« for pleading his Cause as the Laws permit : but when he is to give in his Sentence upon Oath, he will then remember that he calls God to witness, that is, (I conceive,) bis Cfwn Soul and Conscience, the divinest thing that God has granted to a Man ( orandde litij. OSTENDO. 1. No Man foresees better than yourself, xvhat danger the success and exam- ple of this Fact portends to ourselres in par- ticular, and to the w^hole Protestant Name ia general { quid pericidi osiendat ) . 9,. The Tyrant, finding that Cimon had th^t advantage of him in Parts, in Authority, and the love of the People, gave him a Trireme Galley to transport him to Corinth; telling him (ostendens) that he did this for both their sakes; lest, since there was a mutual fear be- tween them, one might surprise the other and slay him. Micythus goes to Hannibal and acquaints him zvith the reason of Diomedon\ coming (osiendit ). 4. As soon as he was arrived, he went to Tithraustes, and signified to him that he desired to speak with the King (seque osiendit). d- 1 of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 269 5 I have begun, Nero Ccesar, a Discourse of Clemency ; that I might serve as a Look- ing-glass, and shew you your own face (te tihi ostenderem) . 6. My Husband takes no care at all of my Lemnian Estate. My Father made two Talents of those Farms every year constantly. What a difference there is between one Man and another ! I ought to have been a Man. / would h ax: e sheivn (ego ostenderem). Jactanter dictum, OSTEMTO. 1. Upon this, AS^^yVz/zz/.? was sent to Pannonia, to promise Rewards to such who would subm_it, and threaten Punishments to such as should persist in their Rebellion (ut OS tent are t J. Fie terrified those that were for the rig-- our of the Law, by frequently representing what an odium they would draw on themselves fostentando J. Otiosus. I. As we were somewhat ser- viceable to our Country-men, when v/e were employed : so we vnW endeavour to be in our Eetirement (otiosi). Sic et otium. ' Otium. 1. The wdiole rank of Shopkeepers. n very fond of Peace. For all their Tools, aT their Day-labour and G-ain is supported by the populousness of the Towns, cherished by Peace ( alitur otio) : whose gain, ir it be impaired at the shutting up ot their Shops^ what would become of it, at the burning of them ? ( amantissimum est otii.J A^a. 3- Par. L. 570 The peculiar Use and Slgnificaiiou PAR. 1. If any one would read the Actions of the iV/a^:d'^/^??^^^^7^ Veterans, he zvouldfind an exact resemblance in ours ; and that there is no difference but in point of time (paria •nostrorum cognoscat) : cum Macedonicis nimi- rum. Note. We pn)perly say paria facere^ when what we have received, and xvhat tve have ex- pended comes exactly right ; so that nothing re- mains due on either side. Therefore tvhen we say paria facere, zve akvays understand expen- sa cum acceptis. Parco. 1. Look to your own interest ; pro- vide for your Country ; preserve your Wives, Children, and Estates ; defend the name and safety of the Bom art People : forbear any ten- derness for 7ne, and anxious thoughts on my be- half (mihi parcere, ac de me cogitare definite). Pareo. 1. Finding that he was mighty ser- viceable to the Republic, they turned him out of it, and regarded their oivn private passion 'more than the good of the Community fplus^ que i7^ce sua: gudm, S,^c. paruerunt) : h. e. con- mluerimt. \ Pariter. I. Is any body angry with you? load him with Kindness. Kesentment falls to \ the ground if deserted on one ^ide. Men do Mot fght^ unless they Jiave a match or an ad- \ versary j ef certain Words in the Latin Tongue, TJ\.. versary to Jight withal (nisi par iter, non piig^ fiant), Paro. 1. When you have thoughts of pur- tliasing a Farm, resolve with yourself, not to buy it over-hastily, and do not spare the pains of going to see it : nor think it sufficient to go once round it (parare cogitabis ). Pars. 1. They easily conquered vast mul- titudes of their Enemies, though by many de- grees inferior to them in number (midtis par-- tibus J. 2. The Romans, some small number of them^ in the dusk of the Evening, put into the Ha- ven of Saniia : The rest of the Fleet, after they had been tossed all Night in the Deep, at length light upon the same Harbour f Romania pars exigua). Solutius loquendi genus et Grse- cis et Latinis frequens. Pecco. 1. Xenop-hon in fewer Words ccw- mits in a manner tJie same mistakes (eadeni peccat): peccata nimirum. 2. What reason have I to think that my Husband zvill be less vicious through Age? He was even then an old Man, if old Age renders People chaste and continent (miniXs peccatiirum J . Pedestris. L Putting to Sea from Ostia^ he had like to have been twice drowned. Wherefore having marched by Land from Mar- deities to Gesioriacum^ from thence he crossed ■ - . . ^ - over 372 llie pecidiar Use aral Signification 0¥er into Britain (pedestri itinere ccnseclo.).. Iter Pedestre opponitur Maritimo. Vide PES.. Pello. 1. The esse of biin that tbanded our City is not the same. For an appear- ance of ' Proiit sinicit Jiis-MiJid: who think- i:ng it more profitable to reign alone, than irt conjunction with any one else, killed his Bro- . ther. By his favour therefore, whether ^id- rimis or Romidus, 1 cannot but think he did a very ill Action, (anhimni pepulit ejus.) 2. The Ears are so framed by Nature, as to keep the Sounds brought into them from sli|>- ping out again and vanishing, before the Sense'^ be struck thereby (ah his pulstfsj. Penes. 1. From that moment they begart . to seize upon the most seditious, and brought: them bound in fetters to Caius Petroniits^ who; commanded the first Legion ; and he caused*, immediate Justice to be done upon themi. Every one took pleasure in killing his Com- rade, as if thereby he cleared his own inno-- cence. Nothing of this being done by Ger-^- manicush com.mand, the v^hole hatred of the Massacre fetlupon the Actors (peyies.Kc. ci^it). Pen SO. I. They saw that Alcibiades was- not lessened by Banishment, and that he got; as v-uch command as he lost. The character of General, v/hich he lost with tht Athenians, be- got with the Lacedccmonians (partaque cnm - arnissis. imperia pe.nsare):. h- e. tantundem. imperii nactum esse, quantum amiserat. 2. Lat: Ci^rtaiii Words in the Latin Tongue. Let not Athensht conceited of itself: in A'liniUus we equalled ThemistocLcs : in our Battle at Mijonesns ice did as great an Exploit . as xi'as dojie at Salamis ( Myoneso Salamina pen-- savimusj. Per. 1. By Castor, Pampliilus has a veiy pretty Child born to lilm ( Per Ecastor scitus J : h. e. perquam scitus. Whereas our People drive a fery great and gaijiful Trade to both Nations^ in your Kingdom ; we shall take care, as much as in us lies, that they may not meet w^ith any im- pediment to interrupt their dealings (permag- na^ et per utrique genti qiuestuosa hahent iie^o- lia). Percipio. 1. Whereas Meat, Drink, and Breath, are the three things that keep all Ani- mals alive • the Mouth is most fit for the re- ceiving every one of these f ad hcec Qmiiia pejxU pienda, 2. I have this advantage from my Country- House : / am never thoroughly tired either zvith Country or City : when I begin to have enough, I change place fodiu?n me percipit) : h. e. totum occupat. Perdo. 1. You have suffered so many Cala*- mities to no purpose, if you have not learnt to be miserable (perdidisti). Dicim.ur perdere quod incassumi et sine aliqu^i utilitate vel fa^ cimus vcl patiouir. PSKDUCO. TJie peciiUar Use ajul Signification' Perduco. 1. Tiberms Ccesar oidQrtrl Ma!- loriia, a Woman of Quality, being brought to him by a Pander, and resolutely withstanding his bftitish desires^ to be immediately stabbed ■ (per due tarn). ' 2. It was voted, that P. Umhreiiiis, a Freed-, man, bij whom it was evident that ttie Gauls-, werejirst irtveigled and brought tinlo Gabinius^ should *be committed (d quo primilni Gallos ad Gabinium perductosesse, 8ic.J Periclitor. I. I never mistrusted your Honesty ; I had only a mind to try your Tem- per, and how you ,eould bear what I said (periclitari). Periculosus. 1. Sallust fearing that the murder v^ould be charged upon him, and it being equally dangerous in his fase, whether* he confessed the truth or divulged the secret y advised Livia, that care shoul i be taken not to expose the names of the Soldiers whom he had ordered to murder the young Man f<^quh periculoso J. Periculum. 1. Y/hen Cj/rz/;? was in Asia^ the Lacpdvcemonians and Athenians in Greece- had begun to .take Cities, and subdue Na- tions ; to place the greatest glory in the great- est Empire : then at last tvas it found by eipe-- ' He?2fe and fact, th^t^^hlWty of Mind did more in War than strength of Body (perkulo atqiie' tiegoiiis coni^ ertwm est), % What ! do^ not Men use, of their, ovs^ii: ■ , . - ■. • ■ / . accord^. of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. ^5 accord, to go into mourning, zvhen their Friends are in d state of impeachruent (in amicorum pericidis) ? Perimo. 1. If Death (says Socrates) does not bring with it an utter Annihilation, but -only a change of Abode, what is more desi- rable ? But if it destroys and abolishes the whole JMan, what can be better than to fail asleep, -and take an eternal Repose (Sin autem peri- mit) f ■ 2. I believe Fancclius would have discours- ed, upon such things as these, had not some accident, or business, hindered and put a stop lo' his Design (consilium ejus perenussetj, PerMzVNQ. 1. Discharge that vile Fellovv^ as soon as m.ay be ; lest, if he should be more pro- voked, this should, some way or other, get to my Fathers Ear (ad patreni perrnanet). 2. The Stoics, by certain captious and nice Arguments, and such as do not come Jwme to the Senses, would seem to demonstrate that Pam is no Evil (mc ad sensus ])ermanantihus ) . Permitto. 1. The Magi, to win the liearts of the People, remit iJn'ir Taxes for three Years, and for the same time allozv iJiem a Va- cation from sejTing in the Wars ; that by these popular Acts they might confirm themselves in that Kingdom, which they had acquired by Fraud (tributa et militiac vacationem in trien- mu7n perniitiuni) , Ad tributa subintelligitur remittunt, vox voci apta et accommodata. ' ' ' 2. Contrary ^76 The peculiar Use and Si^nifica lion 2. Contrary to all Men's expectation, wh« thought verily he xvould have let loose his zvhole Tribiinician Foivei^ to the vexing and plaguing the Consuls of the former Year, he postponed his own private Grievance to the public Cause, and gave not the Consuls so much as an ill word ( eum vexandis, 8(e. coiisulihus peiTdissurum irihiinainm) : h. e. tribunatui to- tas habenas ad vexandos eonsules immissurum. Vide ImmitTO et Admitto. Permuto. 1. Do you take care, that what Money I have occasion for may he returned me by Bills of exchange fpernmtetiir). Permu- taniur nummi qui in alio loco numerantur, et in alium per actores transferuntur. PerpetUo. 1. Would ye have it a Tragedy, or a Comedy ? But I know your minds to a tittle : I will make it a Tragi-comedy : for there is no reason why it should be entirely throughout a Comedy ; since Gods and King?i are Actors in it (perpetub). Perpetuus. 1. When the Consuls were come forth into the open Assembly of the Peo- ple, the business turned from long- continued Orations to short dispute and altercation ( per- p€tuis). 2. He disposed his Soldiers round about the Works h€ had begun, not at certain distances, as usual, but in one contijiued ivatch ; so that the Centinels, touching each other, formed a comp leat Circle (scd perpetuis vigiliis). Persequor. (tf certain Words in the Latin Tongue. TlT PerseqUOTi. L These things Xe7iopkon \\\^ Socratic has most exccdltnitlij handled in his Book of (Economics, which I formerly translated (convertimus) out of Greek into Latin, when ' I was much ahout as old as you are at present (co m modissim 1 per seen t us est J. 2. Was not Hercules, Bacchus, Castor and Pollux^ of human Original? Almost all Hea- ven, not to instance in more, is peopled with inhabitants of human Bace (ne plures perse- quar). 3. Other wickednesses yon may pujiish af- ter they are committed ; but unless you pro- vide against this, when it has happened it will be in vain to implore Justice ( persequare). Persevero. 1. It was plain that this Man was of himself inclined to prefer safe pro- ceedings before hasty ones : and to the end he might persevere in that resolution more steadily ^ Fabius spoke thus to him at his departure (qiiB id constant ills persevei^aret). Persona. 1. The Poets ai^ then said to observe Decor urn, that is done and said, which is suit able ^to the Character that every one hears ( qudque pe7\wnd dignum tst J. 2. If a Man becomes a Judge in his Friend's Case, he ought by no means to be biassed in his favour: for heMays aside the Person of a Friend, when he puts on that of a Judge. — - Notum est apud Ciceronem ; unus susfineo tres personas ; meiy adversarii, et judicis. 5. This had been difficult for you to do, if B b that S78 The pecidiar Use and Sigiuficatmi I that goodness had not been natural to yon, but only taken up for a time ; for no one can bear a disguise long (personam). Fertineo. L These Dissentions xvere qf\ sue/i a nature. Countrymen, as tended not to the Abolition, but the Change of Govern- ment: these Men did not desire that the State should be confounded, but that themselves should be principals in such a one as k was. Nor would they have the City burnt, but them- selves to flourish in it (erant Jwjusmodi, qua^ mn, ^c, per finer ent). 2. The Windpipe readies asfar as the Lztngs, taking in the Air that is drawn by breathing ; and, by respiration, returning the same back again from the Lungs fad pninwnes usque pe.r- iinet). . 3. The Diseases of the Soul are more in number, and more dangerous, than those of the Body ; for these latter are vexatious, be- cause they reach the Soul, and afflict it (ad m imii ni pertinent) . Perversitas. 1. As for those things that "notoriously offend against the rules of good Manners, as for a Man to sing openly in the Street, or ani/ other^ gross Absurdity^ these are so easily to be observed by all, that we need give no Rules ?ih6ui xhQni\{si qua est alia mag- na perversitas). Perverto. 1. There are some things that strike a wise Man,, though they do not over^- ihroiv ff certain Words in the Latin Tongue. Q^9 /ii}?i : as bodilv pain and weakne^:s, or of Friends and Children. It is no virtue to bear v.-hat you do not ieel f pci'i'crlunt ■ . '2. Cnipus, not content with tiie regular course of Law, had emptoi/ed /ris utmost Foner to ruin t/ie Informer ^ and over-awed the Sen- ate so tar, that a considerable number of them were prevailed upon to require immediate Execution of the Zslalefactor, without so mucli as any formal Process, or leave granted to make a Defence (incuhuerat delatorem per-- -ierterej. Pes. 1. Would you have me go to Pvhegium hii Land, or shall I take ship here f pedibusnej f Petitio. 1. How often would you have killed m.e r How otten since I entered upon my Consulship r Hoie inainj passes of yours, so made tliat they seemed inure oidaJjIe, have I put by, by a slight turn of mv Bodv r You plot, you contrive nothing but / have timelv notice of it • and yet, for all that, you v.' ill never give over working and designing (cjuot ego tuas- peiitiones ita conjectas, ut vitari non posse lide-. rentur, ^\\ ) Peto. 1 . If we cannot, Judges, prevail with C/irysos^onus to be contented with our Estate, let him not demand our Life as sat i.f action ('ii- iamnepetatj: in pcenam, aut mulctum. Xe posrulet uc rei no^ capite damnemur, et sibi de vita nostra satishat. Petere est verbum iu- diciale. et accusatori tribuitur.. B b 2 Placed. ^SO The peculiar Use and Sigjiificaijon Placed. 1. It is the duty of a Judge to endeavour after the Truth in all causes ; of a i^atron, to defend sometimes what only looks like Truth j which 1 should not ven- ture to say, was not Pancetius of t/u: same opinion { nisi idem placer et J. 2. It zvas decreed^ That whereas the Au-. thoriry had been before perpetual, it should BOW. be but from year to yeRV _fplacuitj. 3. They made no doubt but that he-would pass over into Europe, as soon as ever he had an op inion of his affairs, and zvas well satisfied qf his strength (ei res sine placuissent ) . Plenus.' 1. He begs this of you. Judges, that since he has v/ithout any right or title invaded such a plentiful and noble Estate of another Man's ; and since the life of Sextus Moscius seems to stand in the way,.and hinder his enjoyment; of that Estate; you..vvould rid his Mind of all jealousy and fear ( tarn plenam 'pecuniamj. S\c plena urhes sunt opulentae. Flenum convivium, laute et copiose instructum. . Plerumque. 1. He orders the greatest part of the Army to wait in those parts ; himself^ with a select number of Horse, goes after MetelliLs (exercitinn plerumque). . Plus. 1. In the dead of the night a mighty Voice was heard to utter these words out of the Wood Arsia: that there fell in battle, of the Tuscans more by one : by that, the jRoma7is v:ot the Victory fiino phis Etruscoriim). 2, Wheii. i)f certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 28"'l 2. When he took Fhyle (which is the best fortified Castle in Attica) he had no more than thirty of his Friends idth him (iwn plus habnit secum quam, 8(c.J PCENlTET. 1. Think not xcifh ^cornnoxc of a Consul out of the Commonalty, when our An- cestors made even the Sons of CaDtives Kings over them (Pivniteat nunc vos plebeii consults ). 2. I am willing you should learn of Ctiry- sippus as long as you desire it^ and so long I think it is your duty to desire \X,as youfndyoiir- self sujjic lent ly benefited by it (quoad te, quan- tum prqficias, non pcenitebit). o. They made diligent Provision for re- ceiving the Enemy, and what v/as chiefly wanting, (for tliey had valour sufficient^) cheer- fully submitted to their proper Oihcers (cam 'iirtulis liaud p.sniUret ). PONO. 1. Craft would feign indeed be counted Prudence, but it is the farthest from Prudence of anv thing in the World : for Pru- dence consists in the niakinsr a ritjht Distinc- tion between Good and Evil ; whereas Craft gives tlie Preference to Evil over Good (mala: bonis ponit ante). ■ • 9. When he was with the Lacedcemonians, by whose Customs iJie higliest pitch of Virtue was reclwned to lie in tlie ability of su fering -^ he gave himself up .so entirely to hardship, that he therein exceeded alL the Lacedccmoni' -ans (sujiima virtus in patient id Jjoneh at ur). i.e. putabatur. B b a 3, When- €82 The peculiar Use and Significahon 3. Whenever he appeared in Public, the Eyes of all were turned upon him, nor was any- one in the State reckoned equal to him (par ponebatiirj . 4. Plato crossed a River, and the Ferry- man would take no Money of him : he re-' fleeted upon it as an Honour done to him m particular, and told him that Plato had a Kind^ ness laid up for him. But Plato, when he found it to be no more than he did for every body, said, that what he owed with others, he would pay with others, (positum illi esse apud Platonem officium.) h.e. reconditum in animo, resumendum ab eo cum vellet. 5. I bid any one projmmd what subjects he was willing to hear controverted : upon these I discoursed either sitting or walking ( ponere y. 6. Ymi shall have the credit of this with Len-^ iulus for I will tell him that the Kindness I intend to do him proceeds from you (Apud LentidiiKi ponam te in gratiain). 7. Lepta is exceedingly rejoiced at your Let- ter ; for it was prettily written, and has made him believe that I solicited you for him ; bj^ ■which J have niightilj/ obliged him (meque apud eum magna in gratia posuit J. 8. If you do Appius anv service, I beg of you, let him know it comes from, vie ( ponito me in gratiam)-'. h. e. fac sciat illCj qu )d ei prse- stiteris, etiam te mihi pro illo intervenienti dedisse. of certain Words in the Latin Tongue 285 dedisse, ut et ego hac re apud ilium ineam gratiam. Groitov, 9. At the Xones of 3/^3/ I had thoughts of going into Cilicia, and after I had spent the Month of June there, to pass July in return- ing fpo?i€reJ. POSTREMUS. 1. If Arms were taken up, //z^^ ihe meanest and vilest of Mortals might be en- riched by the Estates of others, then indeed the People of Rome were not restored, but subdued and oppressed bv that ^Var fut homines postremi J : id est, iniinii, nequam, nul- lonumero: quemadmodum ex contrario pri- mi Jiomincs pro primarily honort ac dignitate pTcCditi. Gra;vius. POSTULO. 1. I charge vou not to think of carrying the Child out of the House : but I am a fool to txpect that she should obev what I say ( qui post idrm) . POTEXS. 1. Q-d^iSM, having no:v iJie Govcrji- nient hi his hands, advanced some ot the vilest of the Rabble to Offices of the highest Trust and Honour ; and being taxed with it,- de- clared openlv, that if Highwaymen and Ruffi- ans had assisted him in asserting his Charac- ter, he would equally have expressed his gra- titude to them too (jam rerum poiensj. POTESTAS. 1. I have received but one Let- ter from Pansa since the Ides of March, where- in he advises me to write to the Senate, that I and the Army xi^ill be entirely at their com. ^84 The peculiar Use and Signification mand for tlie time to come (in pot estate ejm- futiirttm).' POTUS. 1. The Servant- is not nimble enough, or iJie Water for drinfiing is too warniv or the Table is not well laid :, to storm at sucB things, is madness. He is of an unhappy Constitution, whom the least breath of Wind' makes shrink. ( aqua potui.) Sic satiii semen t aqua sacris : sigmim receptiti, ^c. PR/EEEO. 1. Cirdon the A them an shev/eJ^ his Hospitality to all. his Brethren of the- Lacian Tribe ; and not only made it his owm- constant custom, but alsa commanded his Bailiffs, to furnish any; one of tiie Laciadct-^ //z^r called at his Country-Seat in his way^, with ail the conveniences of i lie House fut omnia pr^ebcrentur, quicunque Laciades, 8(cj: h.c% subministrarentur, suppeditarenLur. Pr.ECIPIO. L it is the part of a great uRr derstanding, to foresee and preconceive things jhiture^ and to consider a little before-hand" what may happen on either side ; and what is to be done when it does happen (prcecipen^- ^ogitatione futurd.) 21. Though he had made great preparations for War against the Summer following, yet he anticipated it by a sudden irruption at the beginning of the Spring into the Country of the Catti (pj^^cepil). i PRiEClPUUS. 1. In his return out of Asia^ lie had a g^reat mind to demolish. Ti/a^z^^, bet cause of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 285 cause that City liad hetn singularli/ faiiliful to the Athenians ( pnccipiid fidt fuerat erga). ■ 9.. Caesar drew a singular Odium upon him- .self by bis haughty deportment to the Sena- tors^ whom he received sitting before the Temple of Vc7nis, when they came in a full Body to wait upon him, with several honour- able Decrees passed on his hthzii (prcecipuani invidiam ) . Pk.editus. 1. We would have our happy Man safe, fortified, impregnable, not so as to have hut little fear, but none at all (non ut parvo metu pr^ditus sit ). Pr.^isens. 1. The Ancients thought that Death was only a removal and change of Life, by which good Men were conducted up to Heaven. Hence Castor and Pollux are in such renown ; hence Hercules is esteemed §o pow- erful, and so manifestlij propitious a God ftenn prcesens.) 2. There is no Country in which the Gods give 7nore manifest tokens of their Power and JVatchfulness in doing good (magis prccsentes sunt), ' : 3. If you have promised to come and assist any one in a Cause he lias depending, and your Son falls dangerously ill in the mean time ; here it will be no breach of Duty in you not to make good what you have promised (te cuipiam advocatiim i7i rem prccsenteni esse ven» inrumj, . ^ ; ; ' 4. Hitherto The peculiar Use a7Kl Sig?dficai mi 4. Hitherto the Rogue has not told a word } of a Lie : for my father and I zvere upon tlw spot at the Action (fiumus in re pvccsenti). PRACSUMa. 1. Om?z£Z'/z/c7rc.J • I 16. Leads of Alischief come tumbling upon "ny Head, nor can I think of any Project to scape them b^/ (consilium,, quomodo^ SscJ i 17. He 300 The peculiar Use and Signification 17. He was Augur sixty-two Years, as some\ relate (quod qiiidem auct ores sunt) : h. e. cujusj rei. ItSL testis id, Judex id, manor ia id, pro ejits ^ rei. " I QUICQUID. 1. Your Country Gods, your I Country and Parents, all your Country-men^ that are at home, all that are in the Army, havei their Eyes upon your Arms, upon your Hands 1 ( quicquid civium domi, quicquid in exercitusit), 2uicquid adverbialiter sumi, nec vulgare est, €t cum primis elegans. QuiDEM. 1. What, has Pamphilustwo^Viycs then r - ed the rising Conspiracy by notbeHeving it:, whose Authority many follovvdng, not only out of malice, but simpUcity, had I executed him, xcould half said, it had htm a cruel and tyran^ iikal Act (crudtLUer- et regie factum esse dice^ rent J . liEFiCIO. L. Without all question, after the Battle at lA^uctra, the Laceditmonians never recovered themselves, nor regained their former P o er fse refece r u iii ) . Reugio. 1. The Y\xn^^z\ (d{ Augustus be- ing ended,, there was a Temple and Divine Worship decreed for him f cades tes religix)nesj. 2. Whereas the whole body of the Roman Worship is divided into the mysteries of the Artar^ and the observation of Birds ; where- unto may be subjoined a third branch, in the ease of any thing signified by t\\Q Sijbil Inter- preters, or by the Soothsayers, in w^ay of prediction upon portents and monsters; / never held amj of these religious Ohseixances to be slighted (haruin ego reUgionuni niiUam iinejiiam). S. The Senate was immediately summoned, Sfeid ca,ine in a full body^ upon, the Yame and expecta- 308 The peaiUar Use and Significatmi | expectation of your Levtters. The Letters be- ' iiig read, a scruple of conscience was raised in the mind of tlie Consul, upon a suggestion of the Augurs, that he had not duly attended to the Auspices : So the business was put ©IT to the next day fcblala religio considi est). jRe- ligio est nietus De.orum, qui inhibet facere quas velis. IIELINQUO. 1. My Master ordered me lay all other business aside, and watch what PampJtilus did as to the Marriage (relict is rebus,) Formula est. Omissis rebus, ^ dixit Justinus. 2. He so ordered his Education j that By giving him his swing,he might be thoroughly tinctured with the vilest desires. Lewd wo- men were brought to him^ he was perpetually plyedwith wine and feasting; nor' ivas ant;: opportuniijj left him to be sober (neque ulluiw ienipus sabrio relinquehatur) . Reminiscor. 1. Artaxerxes, reflecting ixom how considerable a War to what a trivial business he had sent the Chief of his Comr manders, condemned himself, and sent an Ex- press to Dion, with orders not to leave the Army (reminiscens) : h. e. ad animum referens. RemitTO. L The Lieutenants rrioved with compassion, withdraw their Soldiers from the Walls; and having granted them a kind of Truce, resolve to wait Caesar's 2.YYiy 3} . No Darts pa'ss from our Works to the. Town, nor 0j ctrtain Words in ihe Latin Tongue. 509 any from the Walls to us. As if the place v.-as actually ours^ all Men nnbend their Care and Diligence (omnes ciiram diligentiam re^ niiiiunt) . 2. The Senators, with a general Cry, de- .manded that the Corpse of Augiisf2i'^ should be carried to the Pile on their Shoulders only : tJiis C^sar granted at last, with an arrogant modesty (remisit Cccsar aiToganti ?noderatwne J, 3. It had been more glorious for him to hate resigned his private hatred to the public inters est fsi remisissetj. Vide DONO et CONDONO. 4. You do not consider what you beg of me ; for if you did consider, xvould forbear to press me with such unreasonable requests (remitteis) : pro mitt as, 5. Those Philosophers, who discourse of these things with closeness and severity, affirm Turpitude to be the only Evil : and those that do it more loosely, affirm it to be the greatest Evil (qui auteni remissius), PvENUNXlO. 1. The wise man is despised by no one : he knows his own greatness, and tells himself, that no one has so much power over him f renunciat sihij : h. e. dicit. Re PER 10. 1. I at your Age did not mnnd Women ; but finding myself poor, went into Asia to bear Arms, and there by my courage got both Vv'ealth eind Glory (rep^ri). Vide Invexio, 310 The peculiar Use dud S'ig?i(ficafwn Repeto. 1. Deaths undergone for Iheir Country are mightily extolled by the ricians. They go back as far as Erechtheus, ■\vhose very Daughters were zealous to die^ to save the lives of their Citizens (repelunt air ErechfheoJ. 2. This way of philosophizing,, that dis- putes against all things, and pronounces upon none, was set on foot by Socrates, revived bf Arcesilas, confirmed by Carneades, and so has nourished do v*n to eur Times (repetita ah Arcesild)^ Repono. 1. That Man cannot be called un- grateful, that is not in a capacity io make a return (refwnere) : h.e. vicem'reddere. : — - Niinquamne reponam ? Juven. ' 2. With the relicks of these Vessels, he re- paired the refit, of his Shipping frepcsiiit J: Repr^SENTO. 1. To the City Cohorts he ■ left five hundred pieces of Maney a Man ; to the Legionaries three hundred : w^hich sum he ordered to be presently paid ; for he had it by him in his Treasury frejmtsentari). Phse- drus. Lib. 3. Fab. 11. de Marito credulo : lieprdesentavit in se pcenam facinoris : \. e. de se supplicium> tanquam sibi debitumj sine mora sumpsit. 2. Upon this, Caligula went back, and or- dered the young Gentlemen ho begin the sport without delay ( represent are J. . . ' 3. What of certain IVords in the Latin Tongue. 311 3. AVhat he Intended to have deterred to a longer time, C\csar said he tc out d presently piii in execution, and decamp the next night (re^ pr.esentatiirum J : pugnam sciHcet. Reprehexdo. 1. He endeavoured to make his escape, but unsuccesstully : tor he is taken jrigain on the Frontiers of his own Kingdom, and brought before Fiiraates (reprehenditiirj : h. e. ex fugu xetrahiiiir . '2. E. Stay, young ]Man. T. JVho is it that pulls me back bij my Clcu/i, when lam in suek haste ? E. A Friend. T. So it seems. But you are a very imipertinent one. f2uis paltio re- prthcndit J 3. I found immiediately by her Avhat they suspected : but / checked mvseh however, for fear of blabbing cut any thing of my Brother to that tattling \Voman freprehendij . ItEPUTATlO. L But this Reflection upon the -temper and manners of the form.er and mo- dern Times, has carried me farther than per- haps it ought: now therefore I quit this di* grei-sio:!, and return to matters where I left them (reputaUoJ . Eequiro. 1. I do not understand what he that is happy icants (requirit) to make him more happy ; tor if there he any thing that is :c anting fdesitj, he is not happy. Res. 1. \Vhen Tiberiush^xid these things, he sent away his son with all speed to Fanno- nid, without other instructions than only to act 3lt The peculiar Use and Signi/Icalmi act according to tJie present necessity^ and the jiinciure of affairs required (ex re). 2. There wants nothing but a beginning : all other things the natural course of the Ac^ tion zvilL do of itself (res expediet). 3. I will be gone hence, since he, npoft tvhose account I came hither, is gone into the Country (is quamohrem). . 4. When Jupiter made Man, he gave him two bags ; one for his neighbour's faults, the other tor his own : these bags he threw over his Shoulders, and the former he hung before, the other behind. For this reason wc are not able to see our ov/n taults, but the Transgres- sions of others are always in our Eyrs {llac re). 5. They sufTer no wine to be imported among them, because they think that men arc effeminated by it, and rendered less able to bear labour (ed re). Hoc idiotismo gaudet C'«£sar et Sallustius. 6. Many circumstances concurred which induced the Gauls to embrace this resolution : JSabinius's declining Battle so often ; the In- telligence from the Deserters ; xcaiii of Fro- Z'isions, xvhich they had not taken sufficient care for; their hopes in their Confederates at Ve- 7ietia; and that credulous humour, w^hich al- w^ays inclines Men to believe w^hat they w^ish (inopia cibariorum^cui rci parhn diligejiter ab his crai proxisnm), 7. Maintain of Cfvfain Words in the Latin Tongue. SIS" • 7. Maintain the part you have undertaken in defending and gracing me, if you find me such in proof and fact as you Vv'ould have me be (exiiu rehus^iut^j. 8. The matter of Fleamres is small enoughj. in comparison of the sorrows and uneasinesses ot Life ('jrs est voluptaiumj . lies -echiptaitim pro roluptaiihus, 9. Hoic great a Slate that of the J'eientiner leas, appears by the ten Years siege they en« dured {quanta res fierat j. 'Resisto. L The Spartans, ^tt^r the Pek- j)onn€sian War, and the overthrow of the Athe-^ nians, thought the Thehans were the only People that durst oppose them f adversus re» sisterej. Sic contrd comidere 2i^Mdi Caesarem. Hr.soLVO. 1. I have occasion for an hund- red Pounds, to pay haek to the Banker with all expedition (quas rcsotvamj, RESPFX-Trs. i. They may be allowed to be cowardly and faint-hearted, that have a BctreaP that have a Country of their own to receive them, when they take to their heels. A necessity is laid upon you to pay the Mea (qui respectum hahent ) : h. e, qui habent quo respiciant, €t fiduciee et (si res exigat) auxilii gratia. , RespiCiO. L It is more tolerable and easy not to get, than to lose : and therefore yoa will find those more cheerful that Fortune has never lix>ked iciih a kind Eye upon, thau those E e V that 3 14 The pecuUa}' Use and Si^niftcation that she has forsaken (respexit). hide et pub^ lid cuUa Fortiina, cognomtnto Kespiciens. ; Responpeo. 1. Whereas such Interpretation tvas given^ that slaughter, coniiagration, and subversion of the State icere contriving fcom- par-ari) : You have fecund those things not x)nly designed, but also attempted by unna- tural Citizens (Ciim esset ita responsum) : ab aruspicibus nimirum. Vox propria. Restituo. 1. This voluntary Army -march- cd to Fidence^ and not only rebuilt the Works that had been destroyed, but also fell to erect- ing new (res til lilt ) . Resto. 1. When I routed Catiline out of Tow^n, when I desired him to be banished the Verge of this Court, I ^either thought that the rest of the Conspirators would have gone out with him, or that those icho tarried behind would be weak and disabled without him (aul eos, qui rest itissent ) : mansissent. ita ve- teres. RetiNEO. 1. By this Artifice he icon again and secured the Affections of his Soldiers that were now wavering (retinuit ) : h. e. a se ali- eniores reconciliavit, sibique adjunxit^ et utin fide p.ermanerent, effecit. Retraho. I. Repenting that he had suf- fered Demetrius to escape out of his hands, he detached some Troops of Horse to fetch hi. a hm:k a^ain (ad enm reirahaidum), Revoco. of certain irords in the Latin Tongne. 315 Revoco. 1. No one hardly invited him to- their House ; and no wonder, since he neither h\'ed in rhe City, nor i^as likely to re-invite ( re- vocaturiis esset K 7/^7 Phxdrus, Lib. 1. Fab. 25- Q^UcC viiLcm cum rerocasset, Reus. 1. As soon as they thought he was arrived in Sicilv, t/in,' (trraigned him in his ab- sence for violating "Religion ( ahsentem, qubdy Sic. reum, fecerunt. ROGO. 1. What hinders hl^ being put to Death r the Laws that have been made about the punishing free Citizens of Home But never in this State have those, who revolted from the Government, preserved the privi- leges of Freemen fqucc^ Sic. j-ogatce sunt J. RuRSUM, RuFsrs. 1. Shall we leave our Friend in so miserable a case, who, but just now, as you told me, pleaded my cause sa handsomely ? Shall not we endeavour to re- quite the kindness in our turn, now he wants our help (rursLim J F 2. The overthrow of Armies, the death of Commanders, the hatred and violence of the enraged multitude, tlie banishment, tiight,and undoing of v>"ell-de^er^ ing Citizens, as also on the other hand, prosperous Successes, such as- honours, commands, victories, &c. cannot succeed Vv^ithout the assistance and endea- vours of Men frursiisque secundce res). E e 2 Sacrile- SI 6 Thepeeiiliqr Use and $ign^cgt2072 S, SACRILEGUS. 1. After nw?iimus h^d pil^ laged the Temple of F/ osi rpifie at Loiriy he set sail for Sijracuse : Arid stttriiighh ccur$e with averij favourable Wind (isqiie cuin ,K€€ii7i'- dissim^ cursum tcnerct) ; See ye not, Friends, (said he smiling) what a goo(J Voyage the Gods give C hunch- Robbers (satrilegis detur) Salvus. 1. The {j^m;?^;?^ deliberate altont Peace and War^, and their most i m port ant Jif- fairs, in their VYine : the next day they weigh snd examine what they did over Night. Thus bolh Times are usefully spent ^ and fairhf mcounted for (salva uiriiisque tempor is ratio est): h. e. ratio constat^ expedita est. Nam BATIO SALYA EST, et HATIO CONSTAT, tU7inm^. dem valeiit. ^. Whilst they build like Princes, pride themselves in their Manor-Houses, Coaches^ great l^etrnxxts, sumptuous Entertainmeuts (con- mviis apparalis) they have run themselves so vastly in Debt, that, if they mean to get clear ^ they must raise Sulla again from the dead (si sahi esse veUntJ. SciUCET, L Our Caniniiis desired me to 'write to you, if there w^ere any thing that I thought concerned you to know. You may ^know this therefore : Caesar's coming is expect- ed (Est igilur ddventiis Ccewis ^ciliQt^t, S^cJ of certain Words in t lie Latin Tongue. 317 '2. C. They pretend that your Son has a mind to be married, ta the end that, when I have promised him my Daughter, he mav have- money or }'ou to buv Wedding-Cloaths and the like. M. Doubtle^^.s this is the business : That monev he will crive to his Mistress. C Yoic nunj be sure he icdl ( Scilicet daiuruni). Terent, Heaut. 2. 3. Sed isiiun e.rora', ttt svMm esse adsi?nuleC,^ CI. Scilicet Fadui'urn me esse. Sedeo. 1. ^Vhat! Do vou take me to he idle, and doing nci/ding f I am doing business" for Posterit}': I am writing things that mzy be serviceable to them ( ^GiUrej .Wr^iY. Georg.- Dum- medicas adhibcre manus' ad vulnera -paster' Abnegat, etmeliora Dcos sedet omifia poscsns. Seditio. 1. Amphitrio will C|Uarrel with hls" Wite, and accuse her of dishonestv. Then my Father will cahii that familij squabble (eani se-- ditionemj. Seditio est rixa, turba, discordia domestica. Senesco. 1. lie saw t/iat tJiePcicer of the Athenians, upon their miscarriages in Sicily, x^as lan^uisJiing \ and that oi iht Lacedccmojii^ ans, on the other side, growing (opus senescerej. Sentio. 1. Beasts and other Anim.als have no Taste or Relish for any thing but Pleasure,, towards which they are carried with a great ^al of eagerness (nihil sentiunt).- ^18 The peculiar Use and Si'gnifieMvm Sequor. 1. Our Forefathers entirely de- stroyed Corinth : but I believe they had some- thing ill their Eye when they did it, and morfe especially, the situation of the Place ; which being so convenient as it was, they were afraid lest it might in future be an encouragement to a Eevolt (sed credo align id secutosj. 2. We are now going to Formia^ : the same Furies will perhaps pursue us thither too (se- quimur) : h. e. pclimns. Sermo. 1. If you have a mind to procure me ill-w^ill, go directly into banishment, i shall be hardly able to mdnre the censiires of Men, if you should go into banishment at the Consul's order (vixfcram sennones Iioiniiium)^^ Si. 1. M. Is she at your house? C. Is she,, da you as/i P I am sensible of it : for I gave her and her retinue but one supper ; wdaicli was I to do again, 1 should be ruined, (si sit^ rogasF) 2. You are not satisfied with taking froni^ me my most antient Provinces, Sicily and Sardijiia : Will you have me let go the Spaiiis too } And let me quit ih.emy straight you wmII pass over int0; ^/'/cfl: (et inde cesser o) :: si ni- Jiiirum. Sic. 1. All these, by this conversation, he engaged to him, that no Person throughout the w^hole course of their Lives, was dearer ^ to them than he (sic) : h. e. adeh. (if certain Words in the Latin Tonpie, 51 9^ Specto. 1. Men admire those most, that ^re not moved with Money : which in what Man soever they find, him they look upon as tried by Fire ( igni spectatum ). Speuo, 1. This is my way of reckoning-^ and thus I persuade myself : he that does his duty from a fear of punishment, is cautious just so long as he believes the matter will be dis- covered : if he iJiinks it loill not l>e found out,, he returns again to his natural disposition (si^ speratforc ctinn ) : h. e. in animum inducit. In dependence upon your Wisdom and Integrity, I have undertaken a greater Bur- den than I find I can carry. This Burden if you will in any degree lighten, 1 will bear it as well as I am able. But if I am, zchic/i I have 710 apprehensions of torsaken by you, I will not sink in Spirit : I will chuse rather to- be crushed with the load of my Duty, than, perfidiously to cast ofif what hkis been once with reliance laid upon me ( id quod non spero), Studeo. 1. It becomes Persons in great Posts, neither to favour nor be angry. That which is called passion in, others, is termed pride and cruelty in them. ( neque studere.) SUBJICIO. 1. Ihree Days are consumed in debates and excuses ; for the Tribune, Lucius: Metellus, is secretly instructed by Ccesars Kne- mies to protract this matter, and oppose what- ever Ccesar should offer (subjicitiir ab> inimici& desarisy qui detrahat^ ^c.) 320 The peculiar Use and Signification SUFFICIO. 1. Neither the harbourless Sea, nor the many different ways of iourneying, were able to make an end of me. My Mind' xvas a match for inxj siijfcrivgs : My Body re- || ceived strength and bore things hardly in ' their nature tolerable fmalis siijfecitj: h. e. j se mails parem prcsstitit : sive, vires mihi, quce- quidem mails ferendis essent, suppeditavit. Quippe si/jficio tranaltivum est, et veibis faUo' j neutris annumerandum. ' SUBITUS. L Romulus ordered, that the young Men, divided into Tribes, should serve' j on Horseback, and watch in Arms, to be : ready against the sudden occasions of War (ad sub it a l)ellij. Sui, SIBI, SE. 1. My Mistress bade me beg Ij you to come to her immediately, if you love- her. She says she has a great desire to see you (ait cupere) : se nimirum. 2. It behoves all Men that are desirous of | excelling other Creatures, to make it their chief endeavour not to pass over their Lives j in Silence, like the brute Beasts, formed by | Nature prone to the Earth, and" only slaves 1 to their Bellies (sese student prccstare). Sum. 1. The Commons were freed from Tollage and Tribute : and the Rich, that ivere \ able ta bear the BurdeUy were assessed : the Poor were thought to be charged enough with bringing up their Children (qui oneri Jcmido essaitu . ^; ■■ ^ • • ■ V- . 21. What: certain Words hi the Latin 7'ungiie. 521 *2. What else do you think the Trilnmes fear, but the concord and ao^reenieiit of the States (ordinumj^ which they suppose tend >nost to the abolishijig of the Iribunician Pozcer (dissolveiuLc 'Jribuniciie potest at is esse ) P 3. He enquired of the Physicians how the Tyrant did: and withai entreated them, 2///^ was in ani) great danger, to let him know it : for he intended to discourse with him about di- viding the Kingdom (si majori esset pericuUr), 4. A-s cruel Masters are pointed at, and are odious and de'testable ; so the injury that Kings do, extends farther than that of others. Now hmv miLch better teas it not to be born, ihan to be reckoned ambng those thartave been born for a public plaj^ue (qitantb aut^m non nasci fuif^ quctin) : h. e. quanto non Hasci, prasstitit| quanto magis 'Utile fuit non i;iasci, quam, qudiHy hie, ut ft apud alios quosvis optimos^ ponitur pro^w^7^/.s' qiidm : Sed pared imitari. 5. Manlius\ Brother died lately at Catina< We do not thinkthat he will have any dispute about that Estate: a?ul he is noiv actiially in possession of it (et est in bonis). Esse in bonis ^ esse in possessione bononim, bona possidere, et idem sunt, et a^que Tulliana. 6. I knew that in Eloquence the Grecians, fin the glory of War the Gaids, had been before the Romans, (ante liomanos f His se) i h. e. ;;rc^-- ^titi^se. , . . ■ 522 The peculiar Use and Signification Summits, l. His behaviour in bis Prsetor- ! ship, at the most dangerous juncture^ and ivhen \ the Safety of the whole BepuMic lay at stake ^ is commended even by his Enemies ( in snmma €t periculosissimo Reip. tempore). ' Sumo. 1. You took it . for granted that the Gods are happy. 1 deny it not. Next, that nothing can be so without Virtue. I willingly admit that too (sumpsisti). 2. May the Owner of a Ship, in a wreck, take away a Plank from another that has got hold of it ? No, not at all : no more than he may throw a Man out of the Ship, under pretence that the Ship belongs to him : for nntil they ] are arrived at the place that the Shipzvas taken for, the Ship is not the Owner's, but the Pas- | sengers' f quoad pervenfum sit eb, quo sumpta] nav is est J : scilicet mer cede, 3. Take care. Sons, that I may not be, thought to have adopted better Children than I begot fsumpsisse) :■ per adoptionem nlmirum. SUMPTUS. 1. I live, not as you do now, but| as you did formerly, iche?? you had enough ta\ answer all expences fciim in sitmptum habebasj.. In sumptum habere est sic abundare fortunisj ut sumptibus ferendis par sis. SUPPLICIUM. 1. In their Supplicatio7is to the Gods they were magnificent : frugal at home',, faithful to their Friends (In suppliciis Deorumj, SUSCIPIO. 1. The King, who had conceived an implacable hatred against Dion^ finding he CDuMj of -certain Words in tlu^ Latin Tongue. S2J could not accompli^h liis ruin by open force, endeavoured to take him off by Treachery (suscej} Latinissime, 2. The fif certain Words in the Latin Tongue. S35 2. The Enemy's Shipping was so strong-, that cur Beak.^ could do them no Prejudice, and had we hiult Turrets^ yet these could, not have equalled (he heigid of their Poovs (e?:citd^ tis aiiteui tiirribus, turnen has altitudo puppiiim super cihat j. Tantum. L He found no iriore Ships than could just zvith crozvding carry over fifteen thousand of his legionary Soldiers (Tanticm navium reperit, ut angusti, 8(c. possent). Tantus. 1. There will either be no War there, or it ivill he such a one, that you, or your Successors, will be able to support with the addition of a few Forces (aut tantum er it) : h. e. lam leve^ ita mm metuendum. Temere. 1. The mind of a Poet is rarel}^ covetous : he loves Verses, and this is his only Study and Delight (non tanerl avarus est). Temfus. 1. A Man cannot always do as he w^ould, if his Estate will not afford it. Nozo viy Circumstances are such, that I should be very glad of a Daughter {nunc ita iempus est ml J. ' ' 2. The RQmemhrd.nce of 7?iy ozcn viisf or tuhvs^ comforts me ; an image of which 1 see in your Affairs (meoi'iim lemporum), tempus et tent- pora Ciceroni plenmquc noiant adversam fortii^ nam. 3. I have for these many years lived in such a manner, that neither regard to my own Ad- vantage, nor the love ,of Reading, nor Plea* F f sure^ 336 The peculiar Use and Signification sure, nor Sleep has ever diverted me from assist- ing any one in his Distress ( ab nlliiis unqiiam me tempore^ 8(c. avocarit) : quin pro eo dice- rem, seu caput ejus, seu res in discrimen vo- caretur. Tempestivus. 1. He bitterly reproached the Senate and People of Borne, for feasting and hanquitting too early in tJie Day^ and before the usual and. allozved time ; while Ccesar was en- gaged in Battle, and exposed to so many dan- gers ( iempestiva convivia celebrarenl ) : h. e. de die ; id quod in vitio ponebatur. Tendo. i. The Interregent, and the Sen- ate strive that there may be an Election of [ Consuls : the Tribunes and the Commonalty, that there may be an Election of Tribunes i (tendunt). Verbum hoc cum Infinitivo fre- ' quentat Horatius. Epist. Lib. 1. 10. Purior in vicis aqua tendit rumpere plumbum^ Qu&m qucc per proiium. trepidat cum murmure riviim f — Ibid, aliisque in locis. \ Teneo. 1. /?T?72m6(?m/ some Verses, which I had been informed were engraved on his j Monument (tenebam) : mcmoria nimirum. ! 2. Those that have subdued Nations by open force, may be allowed to use severity ; as Masters towards their Slaves, if they cannot otherwise be held in Subjection ( teneri). S. , If a Man be in such a condition, asjhat he is unable to pl^ad Causes, to engage and entertain the. People with Harangues, he should ; ^ take ! of certain IVorcls in the Latin Tongue. 337 take the more care, that he do those things which are in his power : such are the Duties of Justice and ridentv ; of ^lodesty, Temper- ance, and Liberality : the performance of ^Yhich may make amends for his want oi the others ( pop uhtm co ne ion ib us i enere ). ' ■ . . 4. Piihlim, by Country a Syrian, was so ex- cellent a Dancer, that he zvas the onlij Man upon tJie Stage (sccnam tenuerit) : h. e. pri- m.us, principem locum in scena tenuerit. Tento. 1. If his Feet arc affected, if his Tongue faulters, what reason have you to think him partly drunk, and partly sober ( ten- ia nturj f Tenuiscjue lageos -'^ Tentatura pedes otim, vincturaque tinguani. Virg, 2. He was the only person of them all to be feared. He had intelligence of every thmg ; he had access to every body: He had' ability had conjidencc to apply it to feel their pidses, to practice upon them : Tie had a head shaped for any Exploit; and to that head was want- ing neither Tongue nor Hand (appellare, ten- tare, sollkitare, pjoterat, audebat). Termixo. 1. Epicurus, I confess, upon se- veral occasions, speaks courageously enough as to Pain : but we must not consider so much what he says, as what is agreeable and proper for one to say, v/ho hasviade pleasure the ulti- So8 The peeuliGr Use and Sigmficatim mate hound of Goods, and Pain the nltima(&' \ hound of Evils (bona voluptale iermi?uiverit, \ ^nala doloi^e J. ' Testor. 1. Pana^this often avon's^ That j nothing is prontable, bat that which is honest : and, that whatever is honest, is at the same time profitable ( testatiir J, Tracto. 1 . She thought it not adviseable to deliver up the Empire to a Boy, nor yet openly to manage it hQisQif (tiwtarej : h.e<. administrare. 2. ^2. Fabius was my Tribune in Cilicia: in which Post he so behaved himself, that I seemed to have received a Kindness from him^ not to have done him one (iia se tractavit). 3. That Saying, though in itself impious, is yet therefore well in the Poet ; because Atreus being the Person thai ivas acting, he was to be jTiade speak that which was suitable to his Character (chn tractaretur Atreus), Trado. 1. Who ever dared to assume the Name of a Philosopher, xvithout laying doxm some Instructions aboiit Duty (nullis officii pr^^" ceptis tradendis) f Proprie. 2. Next in esteem to Mercury is Apollo, then Mars, Jupiter, and Minerva, of whom they have the same Notions (opinionem) with other Countries : That Apollo puts by ( depel- lere ) Diseases ; that Minerva taught Mankind the Grounds of Wo7'ks and Manufactures : that Jupiter is the supreme Deity j and that Mars preside! of certain TVords in the Latin Tongue. 339 presides over l¥ars (openun at que artificiorum initiatradere). 3. I recommended Pliilogenes Seim to Til erni us (t radidi) . Traduco, i. Go you, and bring them over (Tii illas, abiy et traduce). Transpositio Grcecis simul Latinisque satis frequens. Traho. 1. The Age. could not be so cor- rupt as to infect a Man of such perfect Wisdofu fid traheret). Tribuo. 1. They thought that he was able to effect every thing : whence it came to pass, that theii imputed all ill success either to his 7iegtigence or treachery (ejus negligenticc, S^'c. tribuerent). 2. The Soul is divided into two Parts ; whereof the one is endued with Reason, the other not (tj^ibiitusj. Tristitia. 1. He who is properly called Perdueltis, had, by our Ancestors, the Name of Hostis given him : the gentleness of the Word mitigating the harshne^^s of the thing : for Hostis among them signified the same thing that Peregrimis does now amongst us f tristitiamj,. Sic et materia, quam quis trac- tat, obscura, impedita, minimeque adeo ju- cunda, tristis appellatur. TUEOR. 1. The Soldier rests half the Year, husbands his Land, and gets zoherewithal to viaintain himself and his Famitt/, both at home and abroad (nude se ac siios tueri pussit). F f 3 TuM, SAO, The pern liar Use and Significathji TUM. 1. With these Omens, Caliline, that it may prove preservation to the State, ruin ^ and confusion to yourself, and destruction ta ail those that have combined themselves w^ith you in Villainy and Treason, go your way to ■ an unnatural and rebellious War : J?id thou, Jupiter, repulse him and his iVccomplices from . 'the Altars and Temples, from the Houses and Walls of the City: And all the Enemies of their Country confound (mactahis) with eter- nal Punishment ( Turn tti, Jupiter, 8(e, circebis ), Hanc particulam, ut dudum docti monuerunt,. in Gomprecationibus usurpabant Veteres. ;' Tutp:la. 1. At Cccsars entrance upon the Civil War, every Centurion offered him an ^ Horse out of his own Pay ; and the whole Body of his Army tendered their Service gratis, the richer sort having undertaken the support ajid maintenance of the poorer ( tenuio- ^ rum iiUelara). 2. We pardoned them at their humble re- quest ; we took them into mercy; we made an alliance with them, when we had van- j quished them : afterwards, when they were i sorely distressed in the African War, xoe looked upon them as belonging to oiKr protect ion ( tuiele nostrce delude duxiums.) - , Varius, of certain Words in the Latin Tongue. 341 VARIUS. 1. A Woman is a varicu:^ and chano'eable thiu^ ivarium) : ne^iotium. Vexia. I. Ohr-fipias begged ot him not to suffer her inveterate Enemies utterlv to ex- tirpate the memiory and family o{ F/ii!ij}, and to bring: sneedv reiief to the Children of ^i/V.r- O i « (indcr : iciilch reniiesl of hers ^ if he gran fed, she desired lie vvouid forthwith raise Forces, and bring them to h.er assistance i q::a}n vculain si daret ' . \£SlO. 1. The though!^ of your Poic?r come as often into his Mind as ot vour Justice (yfon minus ScCpc ei I'enit in mentem poieslatis, cSV. qiuan) : recordatio nimirum. auisi quid simile est. Vereor. 1. The t^vo things that are of greatest power in thi,-: State at this time make both against us ; the highest interest, and Eloquence : the one of which, C. JquiHius, I ciiii a little affected icith, theotlitr I am afraid cf ; alteram ccreor. oAserara meiuo :. 2. Eec Children never he Mattered ; let them hear nothing but Trurh let them fear some- time.^ 3 let them he aUcciys under an auful re- sped \ let them rise up to their Elders; let them never get any thing by anger and pee- vishness : what is denied them when they cry^ let them have w^hen they are quiet (cert-^ tintur semper], Vekitas. 342 The peculiar Use and Signification I Veritas. 1. Will you condemn him befon j you have heard him, though Justice be on hi^ side (Veritas cum eo fad at J f ! 2, I am in hopes that Justice ^ which has s( long been kept down by the Power of Inter est, will at last, by the impartiality of suclii Men, be raised again (veritatenij : h. e. judih cioriun iniegritateni. L 3. If before this Council the Cause slialihx' iveiglied by Power and Greatness, not bi/ iiU' partial Justice ; verily there is nothing an} longer inviolable and pure in the State: nc Comfort to the low condition of the poor fron: the staunchness and integrity of the Judge (non ex veriiate causa pendetur). Vero. L //. Mis daughter he has debauch' ed. Z). How ! //. Hold, you have, not yel heard the worst of the thing. D. What, \i there any thing more still r H. Ayy indeed more (Verb amplius): h. e. SGilicet, utique amplius. You was often, I suppose^ in the Philo- sopher's Schools, w^hen you was at Athens M. / ivas ^(9,'and with great satisfaction toe (Verb) ; h. e. utique fui. Verto. 1. Callicratidas, Admiml of Sparta, in the Peloponnesian War, after he had done many signal Services, ruined all at last^ in nol taking the Counsel of those who advise"* liim to retreat witli his Navy from Argimiss^, anc -ef cert am Words in the Lai hi Tongue. 543 and not venture giving the Athenians Battle (veriit ad exiremum omnia) : h, e. evertit. ^. Augustus vowed magnificent Games to Jupiter if the Repubiic turned to a better State (vertissetj : se nimirum. Verus. 1. It is right 2-:id 7mw??^xf?/t^ to love Itkose who ought to be dearest to us, as weli as ourselves : but to do it more, is impossible fxerkm). Veto. 1. Nature can by no means be hin- dered from exerting itself fvetarij ; h. e. pro- kiberi, impediriy arceri. Vexatio. I. When I consider Lentulus upon the Throne, Gabiniiis clad in Purple, Catiline come with his Army: then I dread the shrieks of virtuous Women, the flight of Virgins and Boys, and the ivailing of Vestal Priestesses ( vexationem ), Vexo. 1. What Mortal, that has the Spirit of a Man, can bear that they should have a superfluity of Riches, to lavish away in build- ing Seats and levelling Mountains, whilst we have not a supply even for our necessities ? That they should join Houses together, whilst we have not a place of abode for ourselves and domestic Gods? Though in fine they tear and harrass their Monei/ all manner of ivaySy yet, with the utmost wantonness and extra- vagance, they are not able to get the mastery of their riches (posti^enih omnibus modis pecuni- mi trahuntyVexant), - ' . Videlicet, 544 The peailiar Use and Significahon ; Videlicet. I, It is plain that there an certain Seeds in the Earthy which being set at liberty by breaking the clods, spring up brisk- ly, and do their proper Work (esse videlicet). Video. 1 . Do we not see that no Pain is de- clined by those who undertake to strive for the Prize in the Olympic Games (Videmtis- ne) f h: e. nonne videmus ? Vide VOLO. ; 2. If Sighing did administer any rehef, yet we should consider what was the part of a gallant and courageous Man : but since it does not at all abate Pain, why do we disgrace ourselves to no purpose (videremns) ? 3. If this be so, as you say, it is to be feared that you give Philosophy a praise that it de- serves not For what greater argument is there that Philosophy avails nothing, than that some excellent Philosophers live scandalous Lives ? f Videjidiun est, ne.) 4. My chief comfcrt is, that I was iviser^ and had a farther insight into tilings, than other People ^ being yery desirous of a Peace, though upon never so unequal terms fvidisse we plus) : Loqueadi genus Ciceroni ac Teren- tio famiiiare. ViNCO. 1. S. But why, do I torment my old age for his Madness ? Even let him have her. P. Good Father ! S. Good Father 1 as though you had need of this Father. Y ou have got yourself a Family, a YiiiQ, Children, in spite of your Father, Persons are brought to affirm her cf certain TVords in the Lathi Tongue/ 34:5 ler to be an Athenian Citizen. Be the Victory /ours (Viceris). Verbum familiare iratis. 2. Trhen Sijlla had for some time obsti- lately refused to hearken to the mediation md intercession of Ccesars Friends, and was it last forced to vieid to their repeated impor- ;unities, he cried out; Weil tJien, even cany IGur Foini. and take him am^-ng you : but re- nember withal, that this Man will one day tiin the State ( VmciteJ. Vis. 1 Mercury is their tutelar God, to .vhose Honour they have many Images erect- ; him they esteem as the Inventor of Arts, md apply themselves to him for protection iH their Journevs and Undertaking-s : believing!: him to have th-e greatest influence over Merchan- fize and atl tlie ivays of Gain fhvnc ad^qii(£stns ^Kcunice w.ercaiurasque habere vim maxiniani arbitrantiirj . 2. The immortal Gods v/\\\ aid and assist this invincible People, this most renowned Empire, and glorious City, against such a pro- digious Impiety (contra tantam vim sceleris). Conjurationem Catilinariam dicit. ViOLO. 1. There is a difference between Justice and Modesty. The duty of Justice is not to injure or xcrortg Islen ; of iviodesty, not to offend them fviolarej. ViSQ. 1. I am. sadly afraid, lest Phitumena should grow worse and wor^e ; which that she may not, I beg of you, ^£scutapius, and you. S46 The peculiar Use and Sigiiificaiion yoUj Salus. Now / xdUI go and see her ( ai eo.m visamj. Vita, 1. AquilUus, when he was asked what Knaveiy was, answered \ When one thing was pretended and another drove at. If then 1 this Delinition of Aquillius be good, all simu- j| lation and dissimulation must be banished out \ of all business and dealings of Men one with another (ex omni vita), j 2. Men are in no one thing more hnsy, nor \ take greater pains, than about Wine : as if | Nature had not gi\en us the liquor of Vvater, which of ail others is the most wholesome ' drink ( operosior vita est.) 3. 1 question not but you consider how imcertain the events of things are ^ how flexi- ble men's inclinations are ; how much treach- ery, how viuch falsehood is in the JVorld ( quid Dunitatis in vHd). 4. He was for this reason surnamed Jlierax-y because, after the manner of that Bird of Prey, he endeavoured to get his Living by Rapine and Violence fvitam seciareiur) : h. e. vietum. 5. It is not your Money only that you throw away], but your Reputation (vitavi). ^'bco. 1. If she calls me Dauirhter, / will call her Mother : but she disowns me for a Daughter, and I will cast her off for a Mo- ther (ego vocera) : h. e. erit ut ego vocem. Fu- turi sensns in Ellipsi latet. He ^Jtertain TTofds in the Latin Tongue. *357 1 ^. He never invited any one to his House^ whose Patience in hearing him talk did not more than pay for the Entertainment (ad se rocabat j. Voluntas. 1. We have from C. C^sar, as his own dignity and the honour of his Ances- K tors required, this his Vote, as an Hostage of his perpetual good J fectio?i to the State (per^ petu(S in remp. voluntatis): propi ti £ mmirum. Vox. 1. The majority of the Senate, com« pelled to it hi/ the noise and clamour of tlie Consul, the terror of the xVrmy that was hard by, and the menaces of Pomjx'f^ Friends, at *tast unwillingly submitted to Scipio's motion ; that if Ca:sar did not disband his Armv bv a day prefixed, he should be proclaimed a Trait- or fvocibiis consuUs). \ ^''OLO. 1. If you are seated in a place below your Quality, will you be angry with him that invited you, or with him that sits above you? Will you not bear these things with an even mind (Vis tu patij f h. e. An non vis pati r Ecquid dubitas pati ? Nonne te pudet non pati r 2. Will you not refrain yourself, Servius^ and remiCmber that you w^as born mortal (Vis- 71 e tu) F S. Cannot you be prevailed upon to lay aside the foolish desire of having a Name with Pos- terity ( T^isne in) f Gg 4, //ai?^ The peculiar Use and St gnif cation 4. Have you any farther Seirice for me f For I must step to the Forum about a little business. P, I ^ill go along with you (Nim- quid vis). 5. All come to you to /maw if you have any pomnands for ihem (si quid velisj. UBI. 1. if/. Why out of humour, Broth,er? D. Do you, ativhose House om Mschiniis is, ask why 1 am out of humour f Bogas, ubi) / h. e. tune, apud quem ? Tune, qui ilkim apud te corrumpi sinis ? Tristitise causa satis vehe- mens. 2. Because certain public Sacrifices had been usually executed by the Kings themselves in their own Persons ; that Kings miglit not he missed in any respect u hat ever, they create a King- Priest (ne ubi ubi regiim desiderium j^ssetj. Ultimus. 1. Fr.ctions have been, and will be to xnost States more destructive than foreign Wars, than Famine or Sickness, and whatever else Men attribute tp the Wrath of the Gods as the extremities of Public Calamities (velut liltima lublicorum malorum vertunt). 2, Where there are many of .the same hu-- lijiour and the same iniplination^ evpry one sees^ in of cerfaln Words in the Latin Tongue. *S39 m a manner, in the Person of another, his own Picture, and is accordin^^ly delighted as much with him, as with himself 3 and that is brought about, which Pythagoras thought the Perfection of Friendship ; the making one of several ( til- t im u m in a m ic it id p lit a v it J. Ultro 1. Was it not enough to receive an injury at his hands ? IVe have thrown the VarTet a lump of Money also into the bargain^ that he m.ay have wherewithal to maintain' himself until he contrive some other Roguery ful/rb objection est) : h. e. insuper. 2. The Albici often sallied out of the Town, and set fire to our Mount and Turrets ; though our Soldiers easily extinguished it, and besides repulsed the Enemy back into the Town tvitk cojisider able Loss (magnisque nltrb iUatis detri- mentis, S^cJ i 3. You have fully requited that Preseilt^ nay, you have over and above obliged fhe' Giver f nltrb J. Unde. 1. How can I possibly make a 'suit- able return to Idm^frofn xvhom I have received so many and so great kindnesses fnnde) ^I. I am mad^ a jest and a laughing stocky Father. T. Bij ivhomf C. By him that you committed me to. (iinde fj Unice. 1. 1 shewed Lentulus his Letter, and asked whether he knew the Seal. By a nod, he owned it. Marry, said I, it is a noted Seal, the Image of your Grandfather, a rrfost G 2 honour'T ^40* The peculiar Use md Sigiiifcatkm lionourable Person, ivho bore a singular AffeC'- iion to his Country and Countrymen (qui ama- vit itnich patriam ct cites suos J, !2. I recommend to you, PrcEciiius, in a most particular manner, the Son of a Relation of your's, a most intimate Friend of mine, and an excellent Man ( commendo iinict ) . UiXUS. 1. I am afraid, that when we have once quitted our Piety towards the Gods, the very Faith that we owe to human Society, and the most excellent of all Virtues, Justice, will not live long after it (una excdlentissima virtus), 2. The day before Domiiian condemned Are tin us Clemens, one that had been Consul, he sent for him into his Bed-chamber, compel- led- him to sit by his Bed-side; dismissed liim secure and cheerful ; and at Supper sent him a Dish of Meat from his Table (consu- lajxni umon) : h. e. quendam. 3. Methinks I see this City, the light of the whole World, and the citadel of all Na- tions, sinking at once in a sudden general Con- Jiagration : 1 see in my mind my Country bu- ried, heaps of Citizens miserable : The look and rage of Cethegiis, swaggering in your Slaughter, is perpetually passing before^ my Eyes (subitb uno incendio concldentem) . Unum incendiiim est, quod omnia uno tempore cor- ripit. ' , ■ " , ' ■ USURPO/ certain Words in the I^atin Tongue. *34I UsURPO. 1. Cains Lcdius, he that is called ihe JFise, brought down the Courage and Fierceness of Viriatiis so low, as to render the War easy to those that came after him: (Sapiens iisurpainr) . Usus. 1. It is not expedient for me to fol- low him in : For I perceive all our Family is hated by them (mihi facto usus est). 2. There is nothing, that we more ve- hemently and cordially desire, than that the ancient Friendship, Traffic and Commerce^ that the Englisii and Szcedes have had together, may every day encrease fcommerciiun usumqiie). Ut. 1. If you love me, which you either do, or counterfeit exceeding well : hut hoic- soever t/iat be, take care of your Health fsed lit est) : pro iitut^ qitoquo pacta ea se res ha'- beat. l^TER. I. Since, not content with certain^ Liberty, we are running the venture of Em- pire or Slavery j let us take some course,- whereby it may be decided, vvithout great loss, without much blood of both Nations^ ^'/lic/i shall govern f utri utris impe'^entj. Utilttas. 1. Within the most inward Ca- verns of the Earth, a U^orld of vstfut things- hie hid : which, in that they were onlv made- for the good of Man, therefore can- they by him alone be discovered fpluriniaruni rerunv kUel uiilitasj, G g. 3- ; . . Utor.. 342* The peculiar Use and Signification Utor. 1. In short, whether you are in pursuit of wisdom or riches : whether you live upon Mullets or Leeks, admit Pompeius Grorphus into your familiarity and friendship (utere). 2. He made such quick dispatch, that he was arrived with his forces in Asia, before the King's Lieutenants were set out (Tantd cele^ ritate usns est,) 3. He promised King Artaxcrxes that he should conquer all Greece, if he would please to follow his Advice (si suis uti consUiis vellet.) 4. The elderly sort, tJiai had borne the high- est Offices, assemble in the Forum (usi.) If they would sell part of their Estates, to clear there Debts, and not tire out their Eents with paying Interest, xve might have more able and honest er Citizens of them fet locu- pletioribus liiset meliorihus civihus uleremiLrj- 6. Horses, when grown fierce and unruly by frequent Engagements, use to be delivered to Breakers, tJiat tiw may have them more gentle ( quh faciliorihus his ntamur). 7. How unkindly our Fleet was lately treated at Leghoiii, how little accommodated with, necessary Supplies, in what a hostile manner twice constrained to depart the Harbour ; we are sufficiently given to understand, as well from undoubted witnesses upon the Spot, as. from our Admiral himself, to whose relation we cannot but give credit;, when we have thought vfccrtaiji Words in the Latin Tongue. ^3Ad^ thought him worthy to command out* Fleet fQuam non amicis iwsira classis Libiirneiisibits 7isa /III per .^it.) 8. Ill troth, if ever I have a Son, he shall find me a kind indulgeni Father (uictur). i 9- We cannot ha^:e ihc People any longer cur Abettors^ as zee had before: For Philoso- phy is contented with but few Judges, studi- ously avoiding the multitude, fadjiiiore popmo^ (juo uleoamur anlea^ nti.J 10. I was thirtv Davs, or more, on Ship- board, expecting evervndnute t^ ) be drowned ; tee itad such bad Vv'eather all the while (usi sun us J. 11. lie Juid verif hard tbrtune at the begin- 7iiro of/iis Youth. For his Father sot being able to pav his Fine to the People, and dving a Prisoner of the State. Ciruvi was corami-tted to the same confinement : nor by the Laws of Athens could he be released, until he had paid the mulct imDOsed on his Faiher ■'du?'o admo- diim initio us us est adolescent i.c ! . 12. yrhereas the Athenians Jiad before but a small and inconvenient Port : by his Advice thev built a tripple Haven at Fyrccum^ and encompassed it with ^^Valls, so that it equalled the City itself in magniticence, and excelled it in usefulness i ulerentur ) . 13. Cccsar was then at BuHr-otuuK whicli lies over against Corcyra. whither he had marched with one Legion, to. take in the far- ther 3-44* The peculiar Use and Signification ther Countries, and supply himself xvith Corn^ ivhich he zvas hut slenderly provided with (et rem fnimentariam expediejidam, qui angitstb tiiehaUir). 14. P. Are you not asTiamed to act thus ^ tS. This is my way : if yon like me, deal with 7ne (si placeo, utere ). \5. %//j's Soldiers, after they had prodigally spent zvhat they had, mindful of their ancient plunder and< victory, wished for a Civil War ( lar gills suo usij. 16. Make out, if you can, that the Soul subsists after Death. M. We cm produce the l)est Authorities for the proving that : in the lirst place, all Antiquity (aiictoribus iifij. 17. 1 think 1 shall draw upr in. writing these^ five Days' Debates. For upon what can we^ better employ our Leisure (tibi meliics 7iti) P 18. Being closely besieged by Antigonus^. and fearing he should lose his horses for want of room to stir them about ; he found out a> way to warm and exercise them, as they stood in their Stalls ; that thrcy might eat their Meat] ivith tive better Appetite (qiih libentius ciho' titerentiir). 19. The Ambassadors brought him' a vast" Sum of Money, and begged of h\m^ that he 1 %vonld please to accept of if f ul eo nti veltet J, 20. He zvill not accept of Conditions o-f Peace, who thinks himself superior , nor be con- vf certain IFords hi the Lathi Tongue. ^345 contented with an equal share, who is confi- dent he shall get all fiion est usiirus), 21 He thought it not suitable to the cha- racter of a brave Man to accept life upon these - Conditions f uti istd conditione vitce }, 22. Other things that are desired are service- able, one for one thing, and another for an» other : Riches, that i;ou may hace a supply for your Expences ; Power and Interest, that you may be respected and honoured ; Pleasures, that you may be delighted • Health, that you may be free from pain, and able to discharge the Offices of the Body. But the use of Friend- ship extends to all things : wherever you turn yourself, it is ready at hand ; it is no where excluded ; it is never unseasonable, never troublesome, fut ntare.) Hsc quotusquisque legit adhuc, qui intelligeret, quid esset ; UT UTARE: nimirum ut sustineas impendia, ut sufHcias sumptibus, ut habeas in sumptum. 23. Give Syr us a little Money in hand to keep him (unde utaturj : h. e. (j2ii vitam toU leret, sustentet. 24. Assure yourself that my small Posses- sions are a greater grief to me than a Pleasure. For I am more concerned that I have not a worthy heir to leave them to, than i am pleased that I iiave ichereivitlial to live (me ha* here qui utar). Ita et ut en tier. 25. A man that has got a plentiful Estate, 7nay^ I confess^ live better:, and spend more upon * kim^lfl 546* The pectdiar Use and Significaiion himself y yet how is he the better Man for It? (iitenlior saiit sit.) h. e. plus impendat in cuV- turn vitcs ; pluribus utatur ad vitam tuendam majores sumpti>s in se tuendo faciato V C 347 ] AN , . INDEX OF THE WORDS EXPLAINED IN THIS VOLUME. j9 4 J, P -1 fy jIO i tig , I ^ CiC J ,£■1 L/U ICO 2 ui at 0 Ahrlo IJJ. jn ■ 7 /; y -r- V P f m 3 ^dlJ 1, DC J jiheo /in 1 11 ,1 fT f\ /I uj U'ly V h h Of y'fif) 4 Ai n 1 1ll 1 n XX lA-J LI U 'J A hit cm A. 0 jj cunini ill Q UJ HI U 5 ih /4diil!l fo xJ. til 1 Li I- U J Ab tincfiti, Cvnformo ib. Congers ib. Conjunga 93 Conor ib. Confc'ientia 94 Confix or 9 > Con/et:jU'yr ib. Confenefci ib. Confifio 96 CDnfplcio lb, Confplratus 97 Cotijhns ib. Conflanter ib. Conjiantia ib. Conjhtuo 98 Conjhiulio ib. ib. Conjuctudo 99 Conful ib. Confulo ib, Conta^Ius ico Contemno ib. Contcndo ib. Contcnte 1 01 INDEX. ConttntiiS ib. Contincns ib. Contincntcr ib. C online^ 102 Continuo 10 j dntinuiis ib. Contra 1 04 Contra ho ib. Convaltfco ib. Converto I05 Conz'inco ib. Convhium ib. Cop'ia 106 Copiofus ib. ^cr ib. Corpus ib. Corrlph 107 CorrohorQ ib. Corruptus ib. Crefco ib. Crimen ib, 108 Cumulo 109 Cumulus 110 Cupidi'i ib. Cup'tdus ib. Cup'io ib. Cur at 1 9 III C/ico 12.8 Dono 142 Exequor ib. 129 Dubltai'io ib. Exhaurio ib. DlCtlQ ib. Dubito ib. Ex'igo ib. Dies ib. Duco 443 Exnno I v4 Dignltas Dum 14 + Exinde Dignus lb. Duntaxat ib Expedo ib. ib. Expedio isb Difficult as ib. Ea ib. Experio^r D'lffido E^ero ib. Expers ib. Biffluo lb. Effic'io I4S Exp-eto ib. D'lffundQ ib. Egreffus ib. Expieo ib. Dilabor ib. ElevQ ib. Expo no ib. Dil'tgenter ib. El'izo Expt^co Dlligentia V33 Jliuceo ib. Exprnno ib. DlmittQ ib. Emancipit ib. Exuo Diri^o ib. .F.)ncrgo '47 D'lfcedo^ ib. En unqiiam \h. E a bid a Difc'ipUna EnecQ 14S Fabulor Difco 135 Eo i ib. Facies ib. Dlfcretus lb. Eg ib. Facile ib. Dlsputo ib. Endcm 149 Facills 360 D Jfenth 13^ Ergo^ ib. Fac'io ib. DiffoivQ 136 Eripio ib. Fa ft ho 16? Dijjuade9 lb. Erumpo Fa cu lt as ib. DiJiincQ ib. Et ib. Fatto . 166 D'-(hahQ ib. Etiam ib. Familia 167 D'lJfribuU 237 Etfi ib. Familiar is ib. f)ijlurbat'iti ib. Ex Fa7ni^Iiariieri6S D IV erf us ib. Exanth ife. Fas ib. Do ib. Exec Ileus ib. Fatigo ib. Fer$ INDEX. 35» JFct'o 169 fT(^r€0 ib. I>nperltict ib. Fides 1 72 He ib. Imp era ib. Fin go 173 Mine 188 Inpius ib. Finio ib. Homo 7 Impono ib. Finis ib. Hue ib. I'Uportunitas ib. Fio 11 A. T ni t) (if t UYl "it^ Fee do 1 7 \ yaeeo XU3. Faedus ib. Juno ib. J't)! i\nt pvit 1 n ih X LI. Fofnia ib. f i^iura ib. T : yi A y r. n 1 f n ih i li. Fort is ib. Jam J. '11 Iff U ib i L/. Fran go 176 fuheo ib. a fipuco Fraus ib. Judicium 102 J n Frequens ib, judico j,nuiiei 10 Frequenter 177 juro ib. J ^IL rlUii L U i ih FrequiKtia> ib. Jus ib. IneiviliS' 20"7 FrequentO' ib. Jufius xnciueio 1 o. Fruor ib. 'julVitia J 'v " " 196' d "CuTilTnOaC ih Fru^us 173 Juvenilis ib. f /-> /* l"* ^ /I J. 'ict epo ih Fruni ib. Tyi/ip J. fine ih Fw^a ib. Ibi ib. unaicens Fu7io 1 7Q L-lcivco 107" Indico ih Futilis ib. Idem J/iUlilgCfii ih 10.. Idoncus ib. / Hfi uco iK 1 in Gcro ib. I^navus ib. J. nCiUJirt. CI ih Gefiito i>8o I/ not us ib. Infn igr ^ 9 Gladiator ib IIU ib. ,1 nj SMQ ih G-ajfor ib. Ilio ih G* utia ib I 'udo ib. / >■; or yi 7 fjlfi S flif III 14 m ib^ Gratificor i8i. 1 1 lu fir a ib. Ingratus- Ingredior 210 Gr aiulutio. ib. Imbu 0 ib. ib. Qyatu'or ib. I/JllUlttO 2C0 Ink^heo 21 I G rat us 182 Immodi'Jlia ib. Inhumanus ibi Gravis ib. Immotus ib. Iniquus Injun go ib. Impar ib. ib. HahcQ \h. Impcllo ib. Injuria 2 1 2 . Ha^icnus 20 I Injurius ib. H h . 2^ I'njustitla- V US f 1 1 / /I iM. Hj J 1 I * I ^ ib. JflHO C£yit / tl tJL I If V %. f^i^VV ib. Jinops ib. Itijcrlho J[nJ^equor ib. Jnjimulo ib. JnJiauTO ib. Jhjiituo ib. ■ J J J. 14 Jyii p!x pr lb. Jnielllgo ib! Jntcniperuni la 0 r r - ' J ib. ib Interest 2 i 6 Jntevitus ib. Jntermitto ib. Jnierpotio Jntefvcnlo lb. ib. Jnjolont ib. 218 jt It, iy iti M yr ib. Jnvcho ib. Jnvenio ib. T tlljpf} I 0'Q 220 TniJ i^u f ib. TyiTJlnpyitl/l ib. ib. Jnuidia. o» /* I*' *■ ft* * ib. Invito 22 1 222 Jfnuro ib. Jnutilh ib. ib. 1 N D E X drruo 223 Is lb- IJie 224 J/ii€ ib. Ita ib Lem 226 Iterum ib Labo 226 Labosy lahar ib Labor a 227 Lcsdo 220 L.^ius ib Larglter Lati 0 ib! Laudo ib. Lego ib. LipOS 230 L b enter ib. Li bo ib. Licet ib Linquo 231 Liquet ib. Liter ib. Lito ib. Loco ib. LocKples 232 Locus ib. Longinquitas 234 LonglnquHS ib. Longus ib. Magis ib Magnopers 235 Mais lb. MaTit'itit •236 Malum ib. Maneo ibi Matrimomum ib Maxitne 237 ^ 1 Med Oct is ib. Meditaiio ib. Med'itor ib. Mcdius ib. JHemorla Melior ib. Jldentior 2 2Q Alerces lb. Mcreo ib. Meritum ib. Mens 240 Mihl ib. Miles ib. Minor 241 Minuo ib. Mr us 24Z Mifceo ib. M feria ib. Miferor 243 Mitigo ib. M'ltto ib. Moles 2^4 Molior ib. Moneo 245 Monfiro ib. Monumentum ib. Mos ib. Moveo ib. Mox 246 Multiim ib. Multus ib. Muni a Alun'o 247 Aiunus ib. Muto 248 iV^ ib. I^am ib. J^ancifcor ib. I^arro 249 I^atiO ib. A^z/? ze ib. Temp us 'h. Temp eft IV u$ 326 T'f/z^/; lb. ib. 327 Tb'- initio 1'^- T^'?<7r 328 T'r.c?^ lb. ib. Traduco 329 I N D £ X. Traho ib. TrlbuG ib. cr' • n ■ • ib. Jueor ib. Turn Inula iU. Var'ius 33'- Vcnia 10. Venio ib. Vcrcor ib. V crlias 321 Fero lb Ferto ib. Ferns 333 Feio ib. Fexatlo ib. Fc-c ib. Fideiicet 334 Fidco Finco ib.' 355 T" / iS 335 J'' ! lb. V ISO lu. ir . r Aa 33^ r ceo r oluntas 33T Fox lb. Fclo ib. U^i Ultimus lb. fJiiro LJ nae 10. ^ til cc U jurpo 341 L'/us lb. iJt lb. Uter lb. Ut lilts 5 ib. Utor * In some C:p'es of this Ei'iion^ the 12 following Pnges are numbered ivrong in the Text : viz. 333^ 330, l£fe. for 325, 326, '^c. Prinleri by "Pole and Williams, Eion^