Duke University, Durham N. C # Library Library Notes DUKE UNIVERSITY THE LIBRARY OF DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY NOTES A BULLETIN ISSUED FOR The Friends of 'Duke University library Special Number October 1949 THE LIBRARY OF DUKE UNIVERSITY DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA THE FRIENDS OF DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 1949 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from Duke University Libraries http://archive.org/details/libraryofdukeuni1949frie 0.2.0, fc*4 HISTORICAL NOTES THE Duke University Library, like the University itself, has its origin in Union Institute, established in Randolph County, North Carolina, in 1838. The Union Institute Academy became Trinity College in 1859, and moved to Durham in 1892, where it remains the undergraduate college of arts and sciences for men of Duke University. Nathan Hunt, Jr., proposed to establish a library in the Academy at a meeting of the Union Institute Society in 1840, and a committee was appointed to study his proposal; unfortunately, the minutes of the Society do not include a record of the committee's report. In 1846 a debating society, the Columbian Literary Society, was organized at Union Institute, and began at once to collect books for its members' use. In 1851 the Hesperian Literary Society was formed, and keen rivalry developed between the two societies in building up their libraries. The college, too, was buying books, for the Catalogue of Trinity College, 1 860-1 861, gives the number of books in each of the societies as 2200, and in the College Library as 650. A Theological Society, which flourished at Trinity College in 1867-1868, also had its collec- tion of books. John Franklin Crowell assumed the Presidency of Trinity College in August, 1887, and in the first year of his administration persuaded all three of the societies to consolidate their collections with that of the College, form- ing the Trinity College Library (an estimated 9000 volumes) which was placed in the old Chapel building. When the College moved to Durham in 1892, the Library was established in the largest room of the Washington Duke Building. Rev. John C. Kilgo, who succeeded Crowell as President in August, 1894, said in his inaugural address that the Library must be increased, and sought the support of trustees, alumni, and friends for this purpose. In 1899 he appointed the first full-time, permanent librarian, Joseph P. Breedlove, and at commencement in June 1900 announced that Mr. James B. Duke had given money to erect the first library building. This was opened on February 23, 1903, and when a Law Library was started in 1904, it was shelved in the same building. By 1910 the Library had grown to 40,000 volumes, and more than doubled again in the next fourteen years, so that some 90,000 volumes [3] GENERAL LIBRARY BUILDING FROM THE SOUTH [4] completely filled the building at the end of 1924 when the University was created and plans for the development of the present two campuses were drawn. The present Woman's College Library, on the old Trinity College campus, was completed in March, 1927, and the collection was moved -there. (The original library building was dismantled and presented to Kittrell College in Kittrell, North Carolina, where it was rebuilt and still serves as a library building.) An enlarged faculty and student body, however, and a university program of graduate study and research, demanded greatly increased library resources. Less than four years later, when the West campus was completed and the Library was moved again in August, 1930, the University had a collec- tion of nearly 200,000 volumes. A new collection was started for the Woman's College Library with the opening of that College in September 1930. The exceptional rate of growth established in the late twenties continued through the thirties, and by the time of the second World War the General Library was overcrowded. Thousands of books had to be packed in boxes, removed from the stacks, and stored elsewhere in order to make room for new accessions. Thousands more of new acquisitions had to be packed and stored for lack of space in which to catalog or shelve them. It was not until 1947, in fact, that the gift of a friend made possible alterations and new construction which doubled the capacity of the General Library building. During the summer of 1949 the collection, including stored materials, was reshelved to take advantage of new stack space, services were reorganized, and the enlarged building formally opened on October 21, 1949. On June 30, 1949, the combined holdings of the University totaled more than 960,000 volumes cataloged and available for use. About 615,000 were in the General Library, 80,000 in the Woman's College Library, 45,000 in the Divinity School Library, 90,000 in the Law Library, and 50,000 in the Hospital Library, with the remaining 80,000 in the departmental libraries of Biology- Forestry, Chemistry, Physics-Mathematics, and the College of Engineering. The manuscript collection contained over 1,000,000 items, and there were in addition approximately 125,000 books and pamphlets which had not yet been cataloged for public use. [5] THE GRADUATE READING ROOM [6 THE LIBRARY BUILDING THE General Library building occupies the southwest corner of the academic quadrangle on the West, or University, campus. The Divinity School adjoins on the West, and the Law School on the North. It provides air-conditioned stacks for approximately 900,000 volumes, reading rooms and carrells for 900 readers, office space for the staff of more than 60, special facilities for rare books, manuscripts, newspapers, and photographic services, and offices for 30 members of the faculty. Ground Floor The ground floor houses a reading room for the use of bound newspapers, reading machines for microfilms, and photographic services equipped with the most modern cameras and enlargers for making microfilm and photoprint copies of books, newspapers, and manuscripts. The two lower floors of the bookstack, adjoining these rooms, are given over to storage of bound news- papers. There is a room for classes using audio-visual materials, provided with projection equipment, record players, and the like. The remainder of this floor is occupied by a receiving and shipping room, storage rooms, and a lounge and kitchenette for the use of the library staff. The ground floor of the North tower contains an air-conditioned office, workroom, reading room, and storage area for the manuscript collections and University archives. First Floor The first floor provides reading rooms for the principal needs of students in their course work. An Undergraduate Reading Room, with tables and chairs for more than 150 readers, houses books reserved for assigned reading in undergraduate courses, as well as an Undergraduate Collection of about 3000 books representing the best thought and literature of all ages, and avail- able for use or circulation from open shelves. A few basic reference works are also available here. Adjoining this large reading room is a small room furnished like a private library, with comfortable sofas and chairs for recrea- tional reading. A constantly changing collection of current literature, and other books of general interest fill the bookshelves lining the walls. [7] THE RARE BOOK ROOM [8] A Graduate Reading Room, with accommodations for ninety readers, contains books reserved for graduate and senior-graduate courses, a small collection of reference and bibliographical tools, and other collections of special importance to graduate students. A Periodical Room, with tables for eighty readers, has cabinets with closed compartments for the current, unbound issues of most of the Library's periodicals; those in special subject fields are sent direct to the appropriate departmental libraries. There is also a Con- ference Room for meetings of the Library Council and similar academic groups, and for doctoral examinations. The first floor of the North Tower is devoted entirely to Rare Book Rooms. A large reading room, beautifully decorated in the style of a private collector's library, has grilled-door shelving, comfortable chairs and study tables, and exhibition cases. Opening from this are two smaller special collection rooms: the Trent Room houses the Walt Whitman collection and other rare books presented by the late Dr. }. C. Trent and Mrs. Trent; the other houses the rare printed items of the George Washington Flowers collection of Southern Americana and similar materials. There is also an office for the Curator of Rare Books, with adjoining stacks for additional book storage. These quarters are entirely air-conditioned. The lobby, with its exit through a colonnade to the campus walk, has more exhibition cases for the display of rare books and manuscripts. A CORNER OF THE TRENT ROOM, SHOWING THE WHITMAN COLLECTION [9] Second Floor On the second floor are the principal readers' services, and offices for the library staff and administration. The Public Catalog Room houses the union card catalog of books in all libraries of the University, and an author catalog of the University of North Carolina Library. Portraits of former members of the University faculty and administration hang on the walls of this room. An adjoining Bibliography Room supplements the Library's own catalog with trade and other bibliographies of the major publishing countries of the world, and the printed catalogs of numerous other libraries. The Circulation Department includes the Main Loan Desk for circulation of the general collection, and the entrance to the central stack of eight floors, where 250 carrells, many of them completely enclosed, offer to members of the faculty and graduate students comfortable facilities for private study in close proximity to the books needed for their research. Direct communication be- tween the Main Loan Desk and each floor of the stack is maintained through pneumatic tubes, and books are delivered to the Desk by an electric booklift or student pages. Two elevators for passengers and booktrucks also serve the central stack, and two elevators serve the public rooms and offices. Opposite the Main Loan Desk and flanked by open shelves for the display CARRELLS IN THE STACK [ TOl of new accessions and locked cases for timely exhibits of materials from all collections of the Library, is the entrance to the Reference and General Reading Room. Here approximately 5000 reference books and bibliographies are avail- able on open shelves, with study tables for 125 readers. On the walls of this room are portraits of members of the Duke family, trustees of the Duke Endowment, and others associated with the original development of the University. The Public Documents Room houses several reference sets and current issues of state and federal publications, with special catalogs and bibliographical tools for their use. In the North tower is a suite of offices for the Librarian, Assistant Librarian,, and secretaries. Offices and workrooms for the Technical Processes Division occupy the entire west end of the second floor and provide for the ordering,, physical preparation, binding, cataloging, and classification of books. Upper Floors On the third floor are a Map Room, seminar rooms, and a large reading room now unassigned. The remainder of this floor, the entire fourth and fifth floors of the Southeast tower, and the fourth floor of the North tower, are occupied by faculty offices. 1 n 1 THE LIBRARY COLLECTION THOUGH only a quarter-century old as a university collection, the Duke University Library is now one of the twelve or fifteen largest university libraries in the nation. The Woman's College Library is primarily an under- graduate library, emphasizing those fields in which instruction has been con- centrated on the East campus. The departmental libraries house the materials for both undergraduate and graduate work in the departments of Botany, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Zoology, the College of Engineering, the School of Forestry, and the Divinity School. The libraries of the School of Law and the School of Medicine meet the special needs of students and facul- ties of those schools. The General Library has been developed to satisfy the requirements of undergraduate instruction, and the course work and research of graduate students and faculty in the humanities and the social sciences. For undergraduate study the collection is well rounded in all fields; for graduate research, an effort has been made to secure basic source materials as well as the important publications of criticism and discussion. Annual pur- chases have been supplemented by the gifts of friends, and by the acquisition of a number of special collections and libraries in several fields now emphasized in the programs of graduate research. The Library has been particularly fortunate in securing many of the great monumental sets of printed documentary sources, such as Migne's Patrologia (both Greek and Latin series), Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten drei Jahrhunderte, Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Muratori's Rerum Italicarum Scriptores, and the Chronicles and Memorials. Publications of the European academies, containing monographs in most of the fields of knowledge and contributing important sources for research programs of graduate students and faculty in many departments, are well represented with a collection of over 4000 volumes, including sets of the Preussische A\ademie der Wissenschaften (Berlin); Gesellschaft der Wissen- schaften zu Gottingen; Heidelberger A\ademie der Wissenschaften; A\ademie der Wissenschaften (Vienna); Academie des Sciences (Paris); Academie des [12] Inscriptions et Belle s-hettres (Paris) ; Academie des Sciences Morales et Politi- ques (Paris); Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Rome); Accademia Pontificia dei Nuovi Lincei (Rome); Accidentia Espaiiola (Madrid); Academia de la Historia (Madrid); A\ademiia ~Nau\ (Leningrad); Danske Videnskabernes Selskab (Copenhagen) ; Norske Videnskaps-akademi (Oslo) ; Academie van Wetenschappen (Amsterdam) ; Academie Roy ale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux- Arts de Belgique (Brussels). The development of the periodical collection has been one of the primary objectives of the Library administration from the beginning, especially in the sciences, including mathematics, where the journal literature is particularly important. The collection of periodical and serial sets in the sciences may now be considered strong, and the general collection good, though not out- standing in specific fields. Of the important English general and literary magazines, for instance, the Library has long runs of The Gentleman s Maga- zine and the London Magazine, and a complete set of the Philosophical Trans- actions of the Royal Society. Among more uncommon holdings are sets of the pre-Raphaelite The Germ, the Smart Set, and Ko\\a, an illustrated journal of the fine and applied arts of Japan and other Eastern countries. A collection of early American periodicals has been purchased on microfilm. American and British general and local historical societies are well represented in the periodical files; of similar interest and importance are the "Victoria County Histories." The periodical collection is being maintained with a current sub- scription list of over 3000 titles, and by the purchase of back files as they become available and funds permit. The importance of public documents as fundamental source materials is clearly recognized, and a comprehensive collection of this material has been assembled. The Library has been a depository for Federal documents since 1890. State documentary publications are being systematically collected in cooperation with the Library of the University of North Carolina by an agree- ment covering a division of responsibility respecting the documents of the various states, to the end that those of all states and territories may be available in this area. A representative collection of European public documents has been assembled, including the British Parliamentary Papers (complete from 1925), Calendar of State Papers, Acts of the Privy Council, Hansard's Debates, the Debats Parlementaires of the French Senate and Chamber of Deputies, the Journal Officiel and the Bulletin des Lois, the Reichs-gesetzblatt and the Verhandlungen des Reichstags, the Atti of the Italian Parliament, the Diario of the Spanish Cortes, etc. The public documents of the Latin American [13] countries, especially Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, and Uruguay form one of the strongest units of the Library. There are also files of the publications of the League of Nations, the International Labour Office, the United Nations, and other international organizations. Supplementing these official documents is the library of Professor Louis Strisower, sometime President of the Institut de Droit International, which contains approximately 5000 volumes dealing with international law dating from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries, and includes some especially valuable periodical files and rare books. The newspaper collection numbers some 13,000 volumes in original issues, and 1600 rolls of microfilm. Most of the states of the Union are repre- sented, although a large percentage of the papers are from the Atlantic seaboard — about fifty per cent representing the South and thirty per cent the Northeast. Of the eighteenth-century titles, the states best represented are Massachusetts, Maryland, New York, Rhode Island, Georgia, Virginia, North PART OF THE NEWSPAPER COLLECTION [Hi Carolina, and South Carolina. The collection of nineteenth-century New England papers is strong, and the Library has at least one, and generally two or three different New York newspapers for almost every day of the entire nineteenth century. Holdings of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Vir- ginia papers of the Ante-Bellum and Civil War periods are extensive. The years of the first World War are covered by twenty-eight fairly complete files. Of special importance and usefulness among American newspapers are cer- tain major titles in long, almost complete files. The Library has the New Orleans Abeille, 1827-1917; the New York Tribune, 1841-1909 (the personal file of the editor, Horace Greeley), the New York Herald, 1848-1921, and the New York Herald-Tribune, 1925 to date; the New Yor^ Times, 1851 to date; Charlotte (N. C.) Observer, 1874 to date; Raleigh (N. C.) News and Observer, 1880 to date; Columbia (S. C.) The State, 1892 to date; and the Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch, 1908 to date. A catalog of the holdings of United States newspapers was published by the Library in six parts, 1932-1937. Foreign newspapers include The Times (London) from 1785, and about a dozen virtually complete runs of European and Latin American papers from the 1920's and early 1930's. The current subscription list contains seventy titles, about one-half from foreign countries, and the remainder distributed throughout the United States to reflect all geographical influences in editorial viewpoint. The collection of reference and bibliographic tools has been developed in all fields as an indispensable aid to graduate and advanced research. The collection now contains recent and many older editions of all the major encyclopedias of the world, a large number of statistical and general hand- books and compends, dictionaries, biographical cyclopedias, directories, and similar books. There are many periodical indexes, and the collection of author and subject bibliographies is constantly being increased. There are good files of trade bibliographies, including complete sets of Boo\ Prices Current (both British and American), and printed catalogs of many other libraries, such as the British Museum, Bibliotheque Nationale, Library of Congress, the Surgeon- General's Library, and the Gesamtkatalog der Preussischen Bibliotheken. In American bibliography there are Evans, Sabin, Harrisse, the Church and De- Renne catalogs, etc. In other specialized fields the Library has such titles as the Gesamt\atalog der Wiegendruc\e, as well as the older Hain-Copinger, Brunet, Graesse, the Catalogue of Scientific Papers of the Royal Society, the Catalogue of the Ashley Library, and many more. The manuscript collection contains more than one million items, relating [15] chiefly to the South Atlantic region, many of them acquired through the George Washington Flowers Memorial Fund, established by bequest of his son, William W. Flowers, of the class of 1894, and supplemented by gifts from his other children. Most numerous are records of military, social, and economic life in the Confederate period, including letters, diaries, rosters, military reports, statutes of the Confederate Congress, court records, and papers of various departments of the Confederate Government. The collection, most A GROUP OF MANUSCRIPTS AS THEY WERE RECEIVED FOR the GEORGE WASHINGTON FLOWERS collection extensive in the field of history, contains valuable information on all phases of social and economic life as well as politics. Outstanding among the many papers providing a well-rounded picture of life in the South during the nine- teenth century are original census returns of Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, [16] and Tennessee for 1850 and i860. Numerous large collections bear particularly on the history of Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Of interest for historical studies are papers of P. G. T. Beauregard, John C. Calhoun, David Campbell, Robert Carter, Clement C. Clay, Henry Clay, William H. Crawford, John J. Crittenden, Jefferson Davis, Nathanael Greene, Andrew Jackson, Robert E. Lee, Alfred T. Mahan, Alexander H. Stephens, and others. For the later period the papers of Furnifold W. Simmons and Josiah W. Bailey, United States Senators from North Carolina, are sig- nificant. The papers of Col. John Dallas Langston, Assistant Director of the Selective Service System during the second World War, and of Capt. Francis Warrington Dawson, late editor of the Charleston (S. C.) News and Courier, are recent gifts of unusual interest. The field of American literature is repre- MANUSCRIPTS AS THEY ARE PRESERVED BY THE LIBRARY [17] sented by papers of Thomas Holley Chivers, John Esten Cooke, Clara V. Dargan, Paul Hamilton Hayne, George Frederick Holmes, Alexander B. Meek, Thomas Nelson Page, Augustin L. Taveau, and Walt Whitman, and there is also the Frank C. Brown collection of North Carolina folklore, which is now in process of publication. Among other literary manuscripts are inter- esting groups of papers relating to George Moore, the Rossettis, Robert Southey, and Tennyson. The Library also has the official files of the Socialist Party of America from 190 1 to 1938, and a collection of papers of George Holyoake, English cooperator and secularist of the nineteenth century. There are eleven early Greek manuscripts of importance to biblical scholars, chiefly lectionaries and copies of the New Testament. A thirteenth-century New Testament, and a liturgical scroll of the Byzantine Empire, are note- worthy. A Guide to the Manuscript Collections in the Du\e University Library, which describes the papers comprising the collections in 1942, was issued in 1947 as Series 27 and 28 of the Historical Papers of the Trinity College His- torical Society. A few of the special collections or libraries which have been acquired en bloc are mentioned here as an indication both of the strength of the Library and of its collecting activity. There are important collections relating to three South American countries: a Peruvian library of about 7000 books and manu- scripts; a library of several thousand volumes dealing with Brazil, including files of the publications of many Brazilian learned societies ; and an Ecuadorian collection of about 2000 volumes. The Robertson collection of Philippiniana and the James A. Thomas collection on Chinese history and culture supply unusual resources for the study of the Far East. In European literature there are a Goethe collection of 1000 volumes; a Scandinavian collection of 3000 volumes; Gustave Lanson's library of French literature, comprising some 12,000 books and monographs, including many autographed, presentation, and association copies; the library of the late Professor Guido Mazzoni numbering 23,000 volumes and 67,000 pamphlets and reprints in Italian and comparative literature; and the Henry Bellamann Dante collection of 300 volumes, rich in translations and criticism, which was presented to the Library by Mrs. Katherine Bellamann. The Holl church history library, dealing primarily with the period of the Reformation, and a collection of many thousands of church minutes and records of American denominational history, are of exceptional importance to the Divinity School. Of interest to students in the social sciences are a collec- [18] FROM THE ARENTS COLLECTION A I564 DANTE FROM THE BELLAMANN COLLECTION WITH BOOKPLATE BY CLARE LEIGHTON DAN \ 1 iL CON LES POSIT I ONE lJt ( IKIM UMJKO I. A - . % 19 tion of material on the Fourier movement, and a large collection of pamphlets on socialism which supplements the official files of the Socialist Party of America in the Manuscript Department. The George Washington Flowers collection contains, in addition to voluminous manuscript holdings, a notable collection of books, pamphlets, newspapers, and broadsides dealing with all phases of Southern history. A collection of more than 5000 seventeenth and eighteenth-century British pamphlets supplies source materials for the student of the political history and international relations of Great Britain. Mr. George A. Arents, Jr., has presented several hundred volumes relating to the culture and production of tobacco and the manufacture and distribution of tobacco products. The collection includes many rare titles, and an almost complete file of the important journal, Tobacco. In English literature, emphasis has been placed especially on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and a number of rarities have been acquired. Two collections of eighteenth-century poetry and prose total about 5000 items, and include rare groups of Johnson, Boswell, and the novelists. In the nineteenth century, there are small collections of Swinburne, Tennyson, and Rossetti, and significant groups of annotated copies and first editions of Coleridge and Byron, the latter purchased with funds presented by the class of 1913. There are also 400 titles in a collection of English drama, principally of the seven- teenth century, and more than a hundred rare emblem books gathered over a period of years. SOUTHERN AMERICANA FROM the GEORGE WASHINGTON FLOWERS collection [20] In American literature, the Paul Hamilton Hayne library strengthens the nineteenth-century holdings ; a checklist of this collection was published by the Library in 1930. A more recent acquisition is the Emerson collection formed by the late Carroll A. Wilson, comprising first editions, presentation and asso- ciation copies, and a few manuscript letters. There is also a Bryant collection of some 200 items, including a number of first editions of his works. In 1943 the late Dr. J. C. Trent and Mrs. Trent presented to the Library their Walt Whitman collection. Two hundred printed volumes are about equally divided between editions of Whitman's writings (including the first and all other important early editions or issues of Leaves of Grass), and books and articles in the field of Whitman biography and criticism. With these, nearly 300 manuscripts, about 400 letters, more than thirty pictures, twenty-five pieces of sheet music, and additional miscellanea, make up a collection of major and international importance. A catalog of the Whitman collection was published by the Library in 1945. From the same donors, a small collection of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and many contemporary first editions have strengthened the Library in this important field, as has a Robert Frost collection presented by Rev. George B. Ehlhardt which contains all the books and nearly all the ephemeral and miscellaneous publications, most of them autographed and inscribed by the poet. PART OF THE EHLHARDT COLLECTION OF ROBERT FROST [21] "We Thank With Brief Thanksgiving ..." THE Duke University Library is supported now, as in the past, by funds appropriated annually by the Trustees from the general income of the University, an allotment from the students' University fees, gifts of books and money from friends, and the income from certain endowments presented to the University specifically for the benefit of the Library. Of these, the George Washington Flowers Memorial Fund provides "for the purchase of manuscripts, books and other printed or photographed materials dealing with the life and thought of the Southern States of the United States of America"; the Henry Harrison Jordan Memorial Foundation supports the Ministers' Loan Library of the Divinity School; other funds provide income for the purchase of books and periodicals in various fields. Annual gifts of books and expendable funds from many friends over the years — gifts ranging from a single volume to large collections and from a few dollars to many — have played an important part in the development of the Library collections, and will, it is hoped, continue to do so in the future. Of no less importance and equally appreciated has been the intangible gift of sympathetic interest which has led so many to devote their time and thought to the solution of the Library's problems of organization, administration, and acquisition. To coordinate the interests and activities of those desiring to share in the Library's development, The Friends of Duke University Library was organized in 1935. The society's major purposes are: to strengthen interest in the work of the Library and to further a realization of the present and future importance of the Library to the University's advancement; and to increase the usefulness of the Library to the University community and to scholars generally. The society meets at least once each year to hear an address by an out- standing librarian, bookman, or scholar, and to discuss means of attaining its stated objectives. It sponsors a Student Book Collectors Group within the University, and offers annual prizes for the best book collections formed by students during their undergraduate years. The organization's bulletin, Library Notes, which is sent to all members, carries informative articles about the Library's resources in various fields, its special collections, the results of research [22] in some of the Library's rare holdings, news of the Library, reports of new acquisitions, and lists of desiderata. The Duke University Library occupies a building constructed in 1930, enlarged and made more attractive, comfortable, and serviceable in 1949 through the gift of an interested friend. Its collection, started by student societies more than 100 years ago, has grown through the enlightened support of the University administration and the gifts and interest of its friends to become one of the important research resources of the nation. The knowledge and skill of its staff seek constantly to increase the efficiency of its service. To these essential factors of building, collection, and staff, the devotion and activities of The Friends of Duke University Library are adding a spirit which will help the Library not only to fulfill its normal functions, but also to con- tribute to the educational and cultural benefits of the community and to the world of scholarship and learning. PUBLICATIONS OF THE DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY [23] THE NORTH TOWER (1949) FROM THE EAST 1500 COPIES OF THIS BROCHURE PREPARED BY ROBERT W. CHRIST HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED FOR PRESENTATION TO THE FRIENDS OF DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY AND TO THE DELEGATES AND GUESTS AT THE FORMAL OPENING OF THE LIBRARY BUILDING ON OCTOBER 21 1949