EX LIBRIS William Kelly Prentice DATE OF ACQUISITION . No . DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from Duke University Libraries https://archive.org/details/lifeofpericleswiOOplut Classical PLUTARCH’S LIFE OF PERICLES HOLDEN ( \U“<5LC0V-UJlS nAOTTAPXOT [eri kle^. HEPIKAHI PLUTARCH’S LIFE OF PERICLES WITH INTRODUCTION CRITICAL AND EXPLANATORY NOTES AND INDICES BY HUBERT ASHTON HOLDEN M,A. LL.D. CAMBRIDGE, HON. D. LITT. DUBLIN FORMERLY FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE Hondo ti MACMILLAN AND CO. AND NEW YORK 1894 All rights reserved Printed and Stereotyped by R. & R. Clark Edinburgh 1894 PREFACE The present edition of Plutarch’s Life of Pericles for the use of English-speaking students was begun two years ago and has been prepared on the same lines as that of his Life of Themistocles (Third Edition 1892), and 1 venture to express a hope that it may meet with as favourable a reception as its pre¬ decessor, in spite of its shortcomings of which I am myself fully conscious. The text is based on two of the best MSS, but a few conjectural emendations have been admitted where necessary, chiefly those of Cobet contributed to the sixth volume of the New Series of the Mnemosyne. Those of Theodor Bergk, which were copied from the margin of a copy of the Lives belonging to that eminent scholar and published by Dr. Rudolf Pepp- miiller as an Appendix to a Gymnasial-Programm (Halle 1887) containing his own critical notes on Theognis and other Greek poets, reached me too late for the insertion of the whole in the main body of the work. Those which do not appear in their proper place will be found among the Addenda et Corrigenda. The chronological Table, in drawing up which 1 have consulted Busolt’s Griechische Geschichte with VI PREFACE much advantage, has cost me a considerable amount of time and pains. The same may be said of the Index Gvaecitatis, which was compiled for my own use and guidance and which is now printed un¬ abridged in the hope and belief that it will be found of service to the few who have a love of Greek for its own sake, if not to the ordinary student. The most completely annotated edition, hitherto without a rival, is that of C. Sintenis with a Latin commentary published sixty years ago at Leipzig, when classical studies were more in vogue than at the present day. The best subsequent editions— that of Fr. Blass and Fuhr’s revision of that of Sintenis in the Haupt-Sauppc series, both with notes and introductions in German, together with the modest and unpretending edition of Alfred Jacob with notes in French which did not reach me until my own was in type—are in a greater or less degree founded upon this. I have endeavoured to bring my book up to date by consulting, along with the above-mentioned editions, the most recent works and scattered suggestions bearing in any way on the Periclean age, but the literature is so vast that I cannot pretend to have touched it otherwise than primoribus labris. I must once again gratefully acknowledge my obligation to the now well-known acuteness and accuracy of Messrs. R. & R. Clark’s Reader. ATHENAEUM CLUB, LONDON, S.W. October 10 , 1894 . INTRODUCTION PACE I Life of Plutarch .... ix II The Parallel Lives xx iv 111 The Life of Pericles XXX CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE PRINCIPAL IN THE LIFE OF PERICLES . EVENTS xlvii ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA lxi MANUSCRIPTS AND EDITIONS 2 THE GREEK TEXT WITH CRITICAL NOTES . 3-70 COMMENTARY . 73-209 INDEX I AUTHORITIES QUOTED 212 INDEX II MATTERS . 213-227 INDEX III GRAMMAR .... 228 INDEX TV GREEK . 231-303 I INTRODUCTION I Life of Plutarch Nothing is known of the personal history of Plu¬ tarch but what may be gathered from various notices scattered through his own writings. 1 He was born between A.D. 46 and A.D. 51 at Chaeronea in north¬ west Boeotia, a town small and insignificant, but rich in historical memories. It was one of the five cities in the famous plain, called by his favourite hero Epaminondas ‘ the dancing-plot of Ares,’ 2 at the time when the two great battles 3 which were 1 Eunapius Vit. Soph, prooem. 6 6eoG ■Trpbs atravra T&Wa Kal yeyove Kal tanv, oiidds ayvod tCiv oiruaovv ivTCToxyKoruv ijpuv, -ifiKLara 8' ol avvydeis vyeh. Yolkmann seeks to identify this brother with the Tim on mentioned in a letter of Pliny (i 5, 5). 8 Mor. 609 l>. INTRODUCTION xi Timoxena after her mother, died when she was but two years old during her father’s temporary absence. It was on this occasion that the affectionate and sensible letter of consolation (rrapa[iv6'i]Tu tov K a\ov Si&Kevoi Kal \ayapol i\oxupovvTes. See above note 14. 68 Mor. 811 A ( Praec. ger. reip. cc. 15, 17). 60 Mor. 643 A (Symp. 11 10, 1, 1), 694 A (vi 8, 1, 2). 61 Mor. 700 F (Symp. vii 2, 2, 1) where he speaks of Euthy- demus as his colleague in the priesthood (awiepevs). Hertzberg ( Oesch. Grieclienl. unter d. Herrschaft d. Romer, Th. 11 p. 166) thinks that he held the office at Chaeronea. 02 Mor, 792 f. INTRODUCTION xxi from Chaeronea ; for it is clear from allusions in his Lives that he was familiar with all the principal localities, not to say the nooks and corners of Greece; he delights to relate his personal reminiscences and all he has seen of the memorials and records of her past splendour. 63 In the retirement of a happy domestic life Plutarch enjoyed abundant leisure for the pursuit of his favourite literary and moral studies. But, unlike other philosophers, he did not allow these to absorb his whole attention, to the neglect of other important claims on his time. His useful virtues were actively employed for the good of others. Besides taking his full share in the civil and religious duties of his station, he disbursed the stores of his learning liberally, diffusing knowledge in an age which stood greatly in need of education. His profound sympathy with the young made the task of their spiritual direction a pleasant one : his lecture-room was open to those who, longing to order their lives according to some higher rule in a corrupt age, sought special help in private and familiar intercourse. He gave lectures on philosophical and other subjects, ex¬ pounding at one time some writing of Plato, at another answering offhand the various questions {-pofikijjLaTa) put to him, or warning his hearers against the manifold corrupt practices and principles of the time. Many of these lectures were afterwards enlarged by him and published as separate Treatises, 64 63 See especially Phoc. c. 18, 5 ; c. 22, 1, Arist. c. 1, 2 ; cc. 19, 21 ; c. 27, 1, Per. c. 13, 2 ff„ Nic. c. 3, 3, Dem. c. 7, 3 ; c. 31, 1, Them. c. 22, 1, Alex. c. 69, 4, Ages. c. 19, 5 ; c. 35, 1, Sol. c. 25, 1 , Lyc. c. 18, 1 . 64 To this category belong the treatises de audicndis podis, and de audiendo ; also the vyieind irapayyl\/j.aTa, de sanitate praecepta. xxu LIFE OF VEHICLES and it is plain that they were no mere showy de¬ clamations, like those of ordinary sophists, but ‘ earnest efforts, as of a spiritual physician, to heal the hurts of men’s souls.’ 65 Plutarch must have been an extensive reader, and had access to a select library, which contained a good many treasures, but at Chaeronea he felt the want of a large library of reference, 06 so necessary to a literary man. His wont at Rome, where he commanded an ample store of books, had been to make extracts from the more eminent writers in Biography, History or Philosophy for his pupils or audience, which he afterwards employed in the composition of his miscellaneous works; most of which were originally written or added to on some particular occasion, some festive event in the circle of his acquaintance or at the particular request of some friend. 07 His first series of biographies also was written at the instance of others, as appears from a passage in his Introduction to the Life of Timoleon, which shows us at the same time incident¬ ally how much Plutarch valued them as a means of improving and elevating his own character. As to the chronological order of his works we are left very much in the dark. Most of them must have been written in his riper years, after the reign of Domitian. For the date of his Biographies, there is an important passage in that of Sulla c. 21, 4, where, after describing the battle of Orchomenus G5 Trench l.c. p. 107. 66 Bern. c. 2, Mor. 384 rj {clc El ap. Delph. c. 1). 67 ‘ He was as indefatigable a gleaner of literary and ethical curiosities as Southey himself: and could we have his Common¬ place Book, it might he far more valuable and interesting than the very unequal collection of Photius. ’ Edinburgh Rcvicv), Jan. 1869 p. 73. INTRODUCTION xxiii (b.c. 85), lie says that many relies of the dead were found in the neighbouring marshes—o-yeSor erwr 8LaKoarL(i>v d-TTOTijs /xdy?/s ^Ketvrj^ Siayey ovorevv. From which it follows that Plutarch must have composed this Life at least not much before A.D. 115, conse¬ quently at the close of Trajan’s reign. He does not appear to have lived long after A.D. 120. For he speaks in the Life of Solon c. 32, 2 of the Olympieion at Athens as unfinished (dreA.es), which we know that Hadrian completed some time between A.D. 125 and A.D. 130. There is sufficient evidence that Plutarch’s works were much read and used soon after his death, Aelius Aristides, 68 the celebrated rhetorician of the 2d century, and Polyaenus, author of the cn-pa- rqy fj.ara, borrowed largely from him. He is quoted by Aldus Gellius and Galen 69 and referred to by Tatian the Christian apologist in his Aoyos ry>os "EAArp’as. In the 3d century we find Athenaeus constantly quoting or making tacit reference to him, also Porphyrius the neo-Platonist, and Eunapius. 70 Stobaeus made extracts of all kinds from his works, including some that are lost. Macrobius in his Saturnalia has made constant use of his ‘Table talk.’ In the 6th century he was carefully read by Sopatcr the younger of Apamea, the eighth and twelfth books of whose e/St rr]v NapaOwvt paxpv MiXnaSoo, aWd rrjs irdAeus. vvv S( 7to\\o1 tovto Xtyovatv, tos Ktpxvpav elAe T tpiOeos xal rpv p.bpav Kar^Kotf/ev 'li\nnru'os teal abrovpyov 1. 10, KaTaS-qp.ayojyovfxevos 1. 22, awbacacras 1. 27, KCLTeaTaalaae 1. 34, and abiKaurov Kal HOlktov in the correspond¬ ing passage of the Life of Cimon c. 10. 88 Busolt l. c. p. 536 Anm. 1. 80 Busolt l, c. p. 492 Anm. 1. C XX XIV LIFE OF VEHICLES Archidamus in reference to him, is very probably taken from Ion. 90 Stesimbrotus of Thasos, an Homeric scholar, lived at Athens at the same time as Ion. 91 Plutarch, who speaks in disparaging terms of him in his Life of Themistocles also (c. 24, 3), cjuotes him four times (c. 8, 6 ; c. 13, 11 ; c. 26, 1 ; c. 36, 3); but, as his contemporary pamphlet 92 was for the most part a sort of chronique scandaleuse or a medley of anecdotes of the private life of Themistocles, Thucydides and Pericles, we shall not go far wrong in assuming that the account of Elpinice’s mediation between Cimon and Pericles 93 (c. 10, 4 ft'.) and that of the attitude of Pericles to Cimon’s sons (c. 29, 2 f.) are founded on the same work 94 ; as also the other very similar anecdote about Elpinice (c. 28, 4 f.); and the details of his private life in cc. 5, 7 and 36. 95 Idomeneus of Lampsacus (b.c. 310-270), a friend and pupil of Epicurus, 96 is also, like Stesimbrotus, a wholly untrustworthy writer and the author of reck¬ less calumnies. Plutarch himself did not reckon 90 c. 8, 4. It is repeated in Praec. ger. rcip. c. 5 ( Mor. p. 802 c). See Busolt Gr. Gesch. II p. 513 Anm. 1. 91 Plat. Cim. c. 4, 4 'ZT-qaip^poTos 6 Gacnos 7repi rbv avrbv bfjLov Ti xpbvov rip Jiip.com yeyov cis. So Athenae. p. 589 D says of him Kara robs auroiis alrnp (sc. rip HepucKeT) XP ^ V0V s yevbpevos Kal cupuKujs abrbv. See my Introd. to Life of Themistocles p. xlv. 92 In c. 13, 12 it is referred to as twv irpa^euiv Kal twv fiUov 7]\iKiioTis laropia. Its title as given by Athenaeus l. c. was wepl Qep.LiTTOK\iovs Kal QovkoSISov Kal II epiK\bovs. 93 Busolt Z. c. p. 492 Anm. 1 ; p. 536 Anm. 1. Fr. Jacobs assigns it to Aeschines Socraticus on the strength of the passage in Athenaeus. 94 Cp. Cim. c. 16, 1. 95 See Busolt l. c. p. 446 Anm. 3. Cji. Mor. p. 800 B, p. 812 d. 90 Diog. Laert. x 10, 22 ; Strabo Geogr. xm 1, 19. INTRODUCTION XXXV him. amongst oi SoKLfuoTaroi u uyy panels , 9 ' and might have neglected him altogether, if only for the com¬ paratively late period at which he lived. He cpiotes him in two passages only, c. 10, 5 and c. 35, 4, where the reference is jirobably to his work tt epl S^yaayojytov. 98 For the Samian War, besides Ephorus and Thucy¬ dides Plutarch used Duris (c. 28) who was born about B.C. 342, when Athenian allottees (/uTi±u,TO)v of Craterus, son of the famous Mace¬ donian 101 general of that name, which is unnamed in this Life, but is referred to in that of Aristides (c. 26) and Cimon (c. 13). The section about Pericles and Aspasia (c. 24) was borrowed from various sources. Aeschines the Socratic, in his dialogue Aspasia, a somewhat doubtful authority, supplied some information, whether direct or indirect. Lastly, in c. 35, 1, 2 an anecdote, whether true or false, is recorded on the authority of the cryoAcu tG>v c/nAo- cr6u>v. The quotations from the poets of the old Attic Comedy 102 cannot be considered as historical sources, 100 The two first quotations may possibly have been taken from his work IIoAtTiKa to. wpos Kcupovs. 101 See note to c. 17 1. 5. 102 See notes to e. 33, 6 1. 3 ; c. 3, 4 1. 30 ; c. 4, 2 1. 10 ; also that to c. 7, 6 1. 53. Meineke thinks that the lines of INTRODUCTION xxxvn except iu so far as they reflect the opinion of the anti-Perielean party, to which the writers mostly belonged. 103 The hateful insinuations of dark im¬ morality against him may safely be disregarded as the mere suggestions of spite or prurience, or failure to comprehend the real nature of a remarkable man. What the Biographer worked up out of such materials, selected from a wide range of authorities, bears unmistakeable impress in itself of its origin. The unevenness and want of homogeneousness in his narrative are much greater than in the Life of Themistocles, especially in the conception and delinea¬ tion of Pericles’ character, which has no simplicity about it, but wavers hesitatingly between contra¬ dictory statements, unlike anything in the Life of Alcibiades or of Cimon or of Nicias. Telecleides quoted c. 16, 2 were written soon after the expulsion of Thucydides, son of Melesias, and that they are taken from the same play as those quoted c. 3, 4, viz. the 'H aioSoi, in which we learn from Athenaeus x p. 436 f, that Pericles was satirised for his passion for Chrysilla, a lady of Corinth. 103 It is, as Blass says, an open question whether Plutarch, who had no special knowledge of this branch of literature, setting Aristophanes aside, quoted directly from the poets themselves or from some grammarians who had made a special study of them. It so happens, moreover, that in one of these passages viz. that which concerns Aspasia, there is such a suspicious resemblance between it and an ancient scholion to Plato’s Menexenus, that we cannot resist the conviction that Plutarch drew from this source at second hand, when he quoted from that dialogue. And it was probably from another such scholion that something still more important proceeds. AVhat Plutarch says of Anaxagoras (c. 4, 4) agrees word for word with a scholion to Plato’s Alcibiades i (p. 118 c), and, since in the same passage of Plato Pythocleides and Damon are both mentioned as Pericles’ teachers in music, we may fairly suppose that Plutarch’s remarks on them are taken from a lost scholion on the passage. The same conclusion applies to his remark on Zeno (c. 4, 3), who is also mentioned by Plato l. c. p. 119 a. Blass carries his suggestion still farther, and suspects that the xxxviii LIFE OF PERICLES The unique greatness of the man and his mighty personality has found in all antiquity only one impartial and clear-sighted judge. The sublime picture, which Thucydides has drawn of him, stands in bold relief against the distortions of party spirit, jealousy and frivolity, with which his detractors have endeavoured to blur it. He has touched indeed on the two last years only of his life and work, and it would have been foreign to the general scope of his history to enter into details of his public administra¬ tion, yet, in spite of his conservative prejudices, in the general brief review of his entire policy which he gives in the celebrated sixty-fifth chapter of his second book, the historian bears the most honourable testi¬ mony to him, as the highest example of a great and noble statesman. Now Plutarch knows Thucydides and appreciates him, but he has not the courage to oppose his single testimony to the general obloquy and depreciation. It would seem, indeed, as if Pericles were too imposing a figure for his Bio¬ grapher. Plutarch cannot overlook his superiority nor refuse him his admiration, but it is an admira¬ tion without sympathy. Nothing could be more fair or natural than that he should discover weak points in him, and that he should let us see them. But he never allows him to act upon high political passage about branding (c. 26, 3) is not taken direct from Duris, but from a scholion to the lines of Aristophanes, which contained some learned remarks about the trcfuatra. So again, what is said of the different interpretations of Pericles’ surname ’OAifyr- ttlos (c. 8, 2) is quite after the manner of the Scholiasts, and here likewise we come unexpectedly upon passages from the Comic poets. This borrowing of quotations was a common habit of the writers of that period, and few have the candour to acknowledge their sources. In spite of this habit, Plutarch’s book-learning is comparatively very extensive and it must be remembered that he disclaims all pretensions to learned research. INTRODUCTION' XXXIX grounds, and does not hesitate to attribute to him mean ideas and to pre-suppose personal aims and selfish motives. His democratic measures, forsooth, were due to nothing but his love of popular favour and greed of distinction. Plutarch extols, it is true, his incorruptibility and recognises an unfailing unselfish¬ ness at the bottom of the marvellous ascendency which he retained so long over the Athenian public. He rejects, it is true, the scandalous imputation of Idomeneus of Lampsacus on the subject of the assassination of Ephialtes and the declamations of Duris of Samos on his cruelty. He cannot conceive it possible that a man of noble and lofty spirit like Pericles should be capable of murdering a friend out of mere political jealousy. But, when he comes to consider the causes of the Peloponnesian War, the minuteness with which he dwells on that which he admits to be the most objectionable of all, 104 because, forsooth, it has most witnesses in its favour as com¬ pared with his curtness in the statement of opposite opinions, and the mode in which he assigns personal motives without any attempt at refutation, furnish evidence of his own belief in its reality. He has not Thucydides’ critical sureness of judgment and clear insight into the circumstances, and he treats with all seriousness even the despicable imputation, put by the great comic poet into the mouth of the valiant Dicaeopolis, as an historical fact. Plutarch seems, in short, to believe that Pericles was really the principal, if not sole, cause of the Pelopon¬ nesian War, and that it was brought about by him from selfish fear or to gratify mere personal bias and aversion ; he finds no difficulty in believing that his overthrow of the council of Areopagus was because 10J c. 31, 2. acl LIFE OF PERICLES he had been baffled in his endeavour to gain ad¬ mission to it 105 ; that it was merely to gratify the personal caprice of Aspasia, that he undertook a war, which, if it did not jeopardize the naval supremacy of Athens, at any rate caused numerous citizens to assume mourning, although, according to his last words, as reported by the Biographer him¬ self, it was Pericles’ boast that he had never willingly done any such thing; and, lastly, that he sent Cimon’s son wilfully with an insufficient force to help Corcyra, in order that, if he failed as he must do, the poor man might be compromised and suspected as a secret friend of the Spartans. Besides, Plutarch proceeds on the assumption that there could be but one motive for the war, where a concurrence of many motives was not only possible but, as it happened, very probable. For the war itself was an inevitable necessity at some time or other in the strained relations between Athens and Sparta: the materials were laid for a conflagration, ready to burst out at any time. As far as Pericles was concerned, nothing more can be truly said against him than that it was mainly due to his policy that the war broke out at that particular time ; but the truth is, the Avar, so far from serving his private ends, on the contrary jwoved disadvantageous to him, inasmuch as it weakened his position and caused his extraordinary influence to Avane. It was not the grand idea of raising Athens to the position of a state which might command admiration for all time—not the consideration of Avhat must be new modelled and re-shaped, Avhat abolished, to the fulfil¬ ment of this noble purpose—not the Avish that the general body of citizens might share in the internal prosperity and external grandeur of the state, and that 105 c. 9. 3. INTRODUCTION xli the ennobling influences of poetry and art might be extended to all alike,—no sentiments of this kind, forsooth, dictated the policy of Pericles, but all was shrewd reckoning how he might make himself the biggest man in the state and continue such. But there are reasons why Plutarch’s judgment cannot be accepted without mistrust and must be submitted to a careful test. Tis not the wish to round off his narrative or to produce some striking effects that leads him astray, but his fondness for the personal and anecdotic. He does not succeed in comprehending really great characters but loses himself in miniature painting, and often finds in the ordinary gossip of the day special characteristic traits for the picture he is about to give. In order to find such material, he had to turn away from the great writers to inferior scribblers of every descrip¬ tion, who treat Pericles as if he were the incarnation of uncompromising radicalism, of a tyrannical lust of power and of shameless frivolity. But it is in the nature of things that every detail of ancient life, which relates strictly to persons as such, must be uncertain: only the few, who were admitted into close relations with eminent men, could possibly be¬ come acquainted with incidents of their private life and with their daily utterances. What ample scope then is there here for intentional and unintentional misrepresentation! Hence the importance of a careful investigation of the sources from which the Biographer drew, of analysing each statement of his into its elements and assigning each to its proper author. The Biography before us, however, must not be considered as an historical work; Plutarch cannot xlii LIFE OF PERICLES and will not be so judged. He is essentially, indeed, a moralist, as he more than once professes, 100 a por¬ trayer of character and not an historian and, if his work be regarded in this its proper light, its blemishes, indeed, will not disappear altogether, but they will be considerably lessened. On the other hand, there are many lively and beautiful passages, where the writer warms with his theme and com¬ municates his own animation to the reader. The chief of these is certainly that about the splendid Periclean buildings at Athens, 107 which is the pearl of the whole biography and distinguished by the life-like character and energy of its description. His account also of the last days 108 of Pericles and the picture of a character so dignified and affect¬ ing appeal not less to our sympathy than the reflexions, full of noble sentiment and right feeling, which are combined therewith. In such passages as these, Plutarch has shown that he can soar occasionally to the height of a great subject. The Biography—setting aside the brief Proem to the pair of Lives, Pericles—Fabius Maximus (cc. 1, 2) and the Epilogue (c. 39)—falls naturally into the three following distinct divisions :— A. c. 3—c. 6. The personal relations of Pericles. His lineage, external appearance (c. 3), his education (c. 4), his prominent characteristic qualities as founded thereon, his gravity, earnestness and com¬ posure (c. 5, 1), .which some of his contemporaries misrepresented as due to excessive pride and assump- 108 Alex, c, 1, Cirri, c. 2, Nic. c. 1. 107 cc. 12, 13. 103 cc. 38-39. INTRODUCTION xliii tion of superiority. He owed much to the teaching of Anaxagoras in natural science ; especially his free¬ dom from vulgar superstition (c. 6, 1). The story of the incident of the unicorn ram shortly before b.c. 445 (§§ 2 ff.) and of the different explanations of the portent by Anaxagoras and Lampon, is irrelevant to the subject as the biographer himself confesses. These trifling events in the private life of Pericles were doubtless to be found in the work of Stesimbrotus. B. c. 7 —c. 16 . The home policy of Pericles from B.c. 469 to B.C. 429. His shyness and reserve and the dread of ostra¬ cism, because of his high birth, kept him back from taking part in politics when a young man, but he distinguished himself in military campaigns by his personal courage and adventure. His first appear¬ ance as a statesman, and the corresponding change effected in his daily mode of living and habits (c. 7); his most efficient instrument of power was his eloquence i) rov \6yov Svva/ju s (c. 8), which, however, he reserved for great occasions. The manner in which he transformed himself from a leader of the popular party (TrpowTdrrjs rov Sij/iov or (bpxay(oyds')—a role which circumstances forced upon him contrary to his natural bias in his struggle with Cimon B.c. 467—449 (cc. 9, 10) and afterwards with Thucydides B.c. 449-445 (cc. 11-14)—to an aristocratic and kingly director of the state after a complete triumph over his opponents (cc. 15, 16). There is an episode in c. 13, 9 ff, only loosely connected with the main subject, concerning the relation between Phidias and Pericles and the scandalous gossip of the day CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS IN THE LIFE-TIME OF PERICLES N.B .—The numerals in heavy type refer to the Text B.O. 493/492 01. 71, 4. Themistoclcs. Birth of pericles. Birth of Ion of Chios, not later than this year (c. 5, 3). 492/491 01. 72, 1. Diognetus. First Persian armament under Mardonius almost totally destroyed off Mt. Athos. 491/490 01. 72, 2. Hybrilidcs. Feud between Athens and Aegina, the latter of which sided with the Persians (c. 29, 4). 490/489 01. 72, 3. Phaenippus. First Persian War. Defeat of the second armament under Datis and Artapliernes on the plain of marathon by Athenians and Plataeans alone. Naxos (c. 11, 5) becomes a dependency of Persia. xlviii LIFE OF PERICLES li.C. Disastrous undertaking of Miltiades, father of Cimon, against Paros; his impeachment by Xanthippus (c. 3, 1), son of Ariphron and father of Pericles ; his condemnation and death. 489/488 01. 72, 4. Aristides. 488/487 01. 73, 1. Ancldscs. Law of Ostracism enforced for the first time in the person of Hipparchus, son of Charmus (Pint. Hie. c. 11, 6 , Aristot. 'A 8. tto\. c. 22, 4). 487/486 01. 73, 2. Telesinus. Revolt of Egypt from Persia. Ostracism of Megacles, brother of Agaristc (c. 3, 1). The nine arclions—hitherto chosen by open voting (aiperoi)—appointed by lot (< IKypurot) from the selected candidates proposed by the tribes (c. 9, 3, Aristot. ’Ad. tto\. c. 22, 5). 485/484 01. 73, 4. Philocrates. Xerxes succeeds Darius as king of Persia (—466/5). Naval empire of the Aeginetans. Ostracism of Xanthippus, son of Ariphron (c. 3, 1, Aristot. ’Ad. 7 roX. c. 22, 6 ). 484/483 01. 74, 1. Lcostratus. Egypt recovered by the Persians. Ostracism of Aristides, son of Lysimachus, Aristot. 1. c. Birth of Herodotus. 483/482 01. 74, 2. Nicodcmus. Athens under the guidance of themistocles, Aristot. 1. c. 482/481 01. 74, 3. Themistocles. 481/480 01. 74, 4. Hypsicliides. Congress of patriot states at the Isthmus. Recall of Aristides and other ostracised citizens Sia CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS xlix 15.C. 480/479 tt)v OTpareiav, Al'istot. 'Ad. wo\. c. 22, 8, Andoc. or. I § 109. 01. 75, 1 . Ccilliadcs. Second Persian Invasion. Removal of Athenian families to Aegina, Salamis and Troezen. Battles of THERMOPYLAE, AIITEMISITJM, alld SALAMIS under the leadership of Sparta. Birth of Euripides. Birth of Antiphon. Anaxagoras visits Athens acc. to Diog. Laert. n 7. 479/478 01. 75, 2. Xanthippus. Mardonius occupies Athens. Battles of plataea and mycale (Lydia) ; Fau- sanias and Aristides in command at the former, Xanthippus (c. 3, 1) at the latter. The victory of Mycale is the first step towards the assump¬ tion of the offensive by the Hellenes and towards the liberation of the islands and towns on the coast of the Aegean sea (Peter). Siege and capture of Sestos by the Hellenic fleet under the command of Xanthippus — the last event recorded by Herodotus, the first by TJiucydides. 478/477 01. 75, 3. Timosthencs. Return of Athenian families. Athens rebuilt after the Persian occupation and, in spite of Sparta's opposition, surrounded with a stronger wall (pdfav 7rep£/3oXos iravraxo Time. I c. 89, 3 ; c. 93, 2). 477/476 01. 75, 4. Adcimantus. The whole of the Peiraeus peninsula with the harbour and two smaller bays Zea and Munychia enclosed by a wall. The Hellenic confederate fleet with Pausanias, the Spartan regent, as apypyos, and Aristides, as commander of the Athenian squadron, proceeds i\ev$epow ras 'EAA>p'tSas iroAeis ocrai /3ap/3apucat9 »£vAaicats 8iep.svov ext povpov- pevai (Diod. xi 44, 1). It despoils the Persians of a great part of Cyprus, the chief source of the Persian naval power (Time, i c. 04), and captures Byzantium with large store of treasure (ib. c. 128, 5). cl 1 LIFE OF PERICLES 476/475 475/474 474/473 473/472 472/471 471/470 470/469 469/468 Treason of Pausanias and transfer of the naval hegemony from Sparta to Athens by the allies (Herod, vin 3, Thuc. i 95, 4). Supremacy of the Council of the Areopagus revived (Ai'istot. ’ kd. 7 roA. c. 23, 1 ; c. 41, 2 ; Pol. vm (v) p. 1304 a , 20). 01. 76, 1. Phaedon. Creation of the Delian league. Athens acclaimed president. Capture of Eion at the mouth of the Strymon by the island-states, its first achievement. Re¬ covery of the Thracian coast from the Persians, who were now expelled from Europe after forty years’ occupation of it (Time. I 98). Themistocles choregus at the representation of the Phoenissae of Phrynichus—a glorification of the victory at Salamis. 01. 76, 2. Dromocleidcs. 01. 76, 3. Accstorides. 01. 76, 4. Mown. Rhodes added to the Athenian empire. The Persae of Aeschylus exhibited. 01. 77, 1. Chares. 01. 77, 2. Praxiergus. Elidis avvoiKuryis. Ostracism and banishment of themistocles. Birth of Thucydides. 01. 77, 3. Demotion. 01. 77, 4. Apsepliion. Pericles begins to take part in public affairs—forty years before his death (c. 16 , 2, 3 ; c. 7 , 2). The island of Seyros conquered and colonised. The bones of Theseus, the founder and champion of democracy, removed thence to Athens (Plut. Thes. c. 36, 1). CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS li Carystus (Euboea) compelled to join the Delian league. The whole island remains henceforth quietly in the Athenian alliance until 445 u.c. 468/467 01. 78, 1. Theagmides. Decay of the Delian league and development of the Athenian empire. Revolt of Naxos, the most important island of the Cyclades, from the Delian league (c. 11 , 5, Time, i 98, 8 ; 137, 2). Death of Aristides. Birth of Socrates. Destruction of the Persian fleet and subsequently of their camp at the mouth of the EtniYSiEDON (Pamphylia) by Cimon, c. 9, 4 note. Sophocles gains his first tragic victory, act. 28. 467/466 01. 78, 2. Lysistratus. Pericles choregus at the representation of Aeschylus’ Seven against Thebes. 466/465 01. 78, 3. Lysanias. Capture of Naxos, Time, i 98, 3; Arist. Vcsp. 355. The Naxians reduced to the condition of subjects and 500 Athenian cleruchs established in the island, c. 11 , 2. Flight of Themistocles from Greece to Asia. Attempted colonisation of Ampliipolis (Macedonia) by Athenians. Tlieir demand of a share in the neighbouring mines leads to the revolt and siege of Thasos. Death of Xerxes and accession of Artaxerxes I. (—425 B.c.). 465/464 01. 78, 4. Lysitheus. Destruction of 10,000 Athenian colonists to Amphi- poiis at Drabescus (Thrace), Thuc. i 100, 3. 464/463 01. 79, 1 . Archidemides. Capitulation of Thasos in the absence of Spartan aid, Thuc. i 101, 3. Charge of treason against Cimon on his return from Thasos (c. 10, 5); Pericles appointed state prosecutor. lii LIFE OF PERICLES 463/462 462/461 461/460 460/459 459/458 Disastrous earthquake at Sparta. Insurrection of the Messenian Helots (— 455/454 B.c.) and their occupation of Ithonie. Appeal to Athens for aid by the Spartans (c. 9, 4 note; Cim. c. 9, 4 ; Time, i 102, 1 ; Arist. Lys. 1137 if.). Cimon commanded the 4000 hoplites who were sent to their assistance, but they are soon mistrusted and ignominiously dis¬ missed by the Spartans. 01. 79, 2. Tlepolemus. 01. 79, 3. Conon. Democratic judicial and political reforms of Pericles and Epihialtes (c. 7, 6). Secret assassination of Ephialtes (c. 10, 7). Introduction of pay to dicasts, c. 9, 3. Probable date of the arrival of Anaxagoras at Athens (c. 4), Busolt Gr. Gcsch. II 306 Anm. 3. 01. 79, 4. Euippus. The Athenians, sensitive to the affront put upon them by their dismissal by the Spartans before Itliome, banish Cimon (Pint. Cim. c. 17, 2), who was chiefly accountable for the despatch of the expedition, renounce their alliance with Sparta and conclude a counter alliance with her enemy Argos, the third state in Greece. Thessaly and Megara join them. The Athenians build the long walls from Megara to the sea-port of Nisaea (Saronic gulf), so as to give the town still greater strategic imjiortance. 01. 80, 1. Phrasicleides. .Athenian expedition in support of the satrap Inaros, king of Libya, in his revolt against the Persian king Artaxerxes (c. 20, 4). First year of the war between Egypt and Persia (—455/454 b.c.) 01. 80, 2. Philodes. CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS liii B.C. Definite rupture between Athens and Sparta. Sixth year of the Messenian war. Second year of the Egyptian war. Defeat of the Athenians at Halieis (Argolis) by a combined force of Corinthians and Epidaurians (Time. I 105, 1). The repulse was compensated by a victory over the enemy’s fleet in the following winter at Cecryphaleia (Saronic gulf). Pleistoanax king of Sparta (c. 22, 2). Birth of Lysias, the orator. 458/457 01. 80, 3. Bion. Third year of the Egyptian war. Annihilation of the Aeginetan naval power by the Athenians. War between Corinth and Megara. Victory of the Athenians under Myronides (c. 1C, 2) over the Corinthians in the Megarid during the absence of the main body of soldiers in Egypt and Aegina, Thuc. i 105, 3 ff. The Orcsteia of Aeschylus exhibited. 457/456 01. 80, 4. Mnesitheides. Archonship thrown open to the third class (fevyiTcu, Aristot. ’ Ad . 7 roX. c. 26, 2), of whom Mnesi¬ theides was the first to be chosen. Spartan victory at TANAGRA (Boeotia), c. 10, 2. j Recall of Cimon from exile (c. 10) and compromise between him and Pericles by which the in¬ ternal affairs of the city are left to the one and the conduct of foreign expeditions to the other, c. 10, 4. 456/455 01. 81, 1. Callias. The Athenians under Myronides (c. 16, 2), son of Callias, win a decisive victory over the Boeotians at oenofhyta (c. 10, 2 note). Thebes alone of the Boeotian cities preserves her in¬ dependence, but not without a political change ; the rest become subject allies on the same foot¬ ing as the 7t6Xcis of the Delian league. liv LIFE OF PERICLES B.C. 455/454 Completion of the long walls from Athens to Peiraeus and Phalerum, c. 13, 5, Thue. i 108, 3. Success of Leocrates (c. 16, 2) and surrender of Aegina after a long blockade. The Aeginetans henceforth included among the tributaries to the Athenian treasury, c. 29, 4, Time. I 108, 4. Naval expedition under Tolmides round the Pelo¬ ponnesus, c. 19, 3 ; c. 18, 2 note. Death of Aeschylus, act. 69. 01. 81, 2. Sosistratus. End of the Messenian war by the capture of Itliome, and transportation of the Messenian refugees by Tolmides to Naupactus, which henceforward becomes an important Athenian naval station. Annihilation of the Athenian armament sent to help Inaros in Egypt, Time. I 109, 110. Initiation of a grand scheme of Hellenic convention by Pericles defeated by the secret opposition of Sparta (c. 17). [Plutarch gives no precise date. Grote places it after the Thirty Years’ truce; O. Muller before 457 b.c. ; Oncken at 448 b.c. ; A. Schmidt at 460 b.c.] 454/453 01. 81, 3. Ariston. Operations of Pericles in the Crissaean gulf and its outlet westward (c. 19, 2) ; Achaia joins the Athenian alliance, Time, i 111, 2-3. 453/452 01. 81, 4. Lysicrates. Diodorus places the mission of 1000 cleruclis to the Thracian Chersonese in this year ; but see Busolt Or. Oesch. n 536 Anm. 2. 452/451 01. 82, 1 . Chaerephanes. The transference of the common fund of the Delian league from Delos—the great religious centre of the Ionian race—to Athens (c. 12, 1) seals the conversion of the Athenian headship into an empire. 451/450 01, 82, 2, Antidotus. CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS lv B.C. Ion of Chios (c. 5 , 3), tragic poet, begins to ex¬ hibit, Schol. ad Arist. Pac. 835. 450/449 01. 82, 3. Eutliynus. Five years’ truce between Athens and Sparta, c. 10, 2 n, Time, i 112, 1. Defection of Argos from the Athenian alliance. Anaxagoras withdraws from Athens. Pericles divorces bis wife, c. 24 , 5. 449/448 01. 82, 4. Pedicus. Resumption of the war against Persia by the Athenians under Cimon. Death of Cimon (c. 10 , 7) at Citium, and subsequent Athenian double victory over the Persians both by sea and land at Salamis (Cyprus). Cessation of hostilities between Persia and Hellas. Pericles checks the eagerness of the Athenians to harass the Persian sea-board, or to embark again in an Egyptian war (c. 20, 3). Thucydides, son of Melesias, becomes leader of the anti-Periclean party, c. 11 , 1. 448/447 01. 83, 1. Philiscus. Pericles conducts a body of K\ypovxoi to the Thracian Chersonese, and Tolmides a similar body to Andros, Naxos and Euboea (c. 11, 5). Renewal of hostilities between Athens and Sparta owing to the Phocian attack on Delphi. Pericles places the oracle once more in the hands of the Phocians, c. 21, 2 n, Time, i 112, 5. The Archilochi of Cratinus. 447/44G 01. 83, 2. Timarchides. Commencement of the great Periclean buildings (cc. 12 , 13 ). Defeat of Athenians by Boeotians at CORONEIA and death of Tolmides, c. 18 , 3 n, Thue. I 113. 446/445 01. 83, 3. Callimachus. Foundation of the colony of Brea (Thrace), c. 11, 5 n. lvi LIFE OF PERICLES B.C. 445/444 The unfortunate expedition of Tolmides, which Pericles did his best to avert by his warnings — leading as it did to the overthrow of Athenian influence in Boeotia, won by the battle of Oenophyta — raises still higher the prestige of Pericles as a statesman and commander, while it removes his only competitor in military dis¬ tinction (c. 18, 2, 3). Pericles proceeds to Euboea to repress the revolt there, but recrosses in haste to Attica on the news of the revolt of Megara and of the simul¬ taneous invasion of Attica by the Peloponne¬ sians under the command of the Spartan king Pleistoanax, c. 22, 1, Time. I 114, 2. Clean- dridas, his adviser, bribed to withdraw (c. 22, 2). Pericles attaches himself to Aspasia, as his second wife, c. 24, 1. Birth of the comic poet eupolis (c. 3, 4 ; c. 24, 6). 01. 83, 4. Lysimachidcs. Recovery of Euboea by Pericles, and re-establish¬ ment of Athenian control over the whole island ; an Athenian colony settled at Hestiaea, c. 23, 2, Thuc. I 114, 3. Ostracism of Thucydides, son of Melesias (c. 14, 2). Conclusion of truce between Athens and Spiarta by mutual arrangement for thirty years (c. 24, 1 note, c. 29, 4) leaves Pericles free to develop his schemes for promoting the internal welfare of Athens and making it the centre of the in¬ tellectual and artistic life of Plellas. Pericles now obtains the sole direction of affairs, holding office as Strategus continuously from this year to B.c. 430, c. 15, c. 16, 3. A gift of corn from Egypt is the occasion of a revision of the Athenian burgher-roll, c. 37, 3. [Some think that Inaros was the donor, and the date 400/459.] 444/443 01. 84. 1. Praxiteles. The Pontic expedition of Pericles (c. 20, 1). Completion of the Odeion (c. 13, 5). The Oparrai of Cratinus (c. 13, 6). CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS lvii B.C. 443/442 01. 84, 2. Lysanias. The Athenians send a national Greek colony to Tliurii under the conduct of Lampon (c. 11 , 5). Herodotus act. 41 one of the colonists ; also Lysias either now or later. The poet Sophocles chairman of the Board of Hellenotamiae. The quota-list of tribute (Kirchlioff CIA. i 237) paid to Athens this year is the last which was drawn up on the principle of keeping the total amount at the Aristidean level of 460 talents. The assessment of b.c. 442 for the most part did away with abatements to individual states and so produced a large total : at the opening of the Peloponnesian war it is said to average 600 talents (Thuc. ii 13, 3). In b.c. 440 an additional payment (e7nopd) is required of certain Ionian and Hellespont ine states, evidently to meet the increasing scale of ex¬ penditure (Hicks Gr. Hist. I user . no. 30, pp. 39, 40). The assessment of b.c. 425 largely increased the previous payments. 442/441 01. 84, 3. Diphilus. Diodorus (xii c. 26) notes that the world was now in the en¬ joyment of universal peace. The Persians were under treaty with Athens in respect to the Hellenic cities in Asia; the truce for thirty years was subsisting between Athens and Sparta ; western Hellas was equally at rest by the pacification of Syracuse and Agrigentum, of Sicily and Carthage. Italy, Gaul and Spain were quiet. 441/440 Ol. 84, 4. Timoclcs. Birth of Pericles, son of Pericles and Aspasia. 440/439 Ol. 85, 1. Morychides. Feud between Miletus and Samos, one of the three great privileged autonomous island allies of Athens. The Samian fleet defeated by an armament under the command of the ten generals (including Pericles as avroKparutp and the poet Sophocles, c. 8, 5) and the city after a contest of nine months’ duration disarmed and dismantled, cc. 24-28, Time, i 11G, 117. Pericles delivers the funeral oration over those who had fallen in the Samian war, c. 8, G ; c. 28, 3. The Antigone of Sophocles. A decree to limit the freedom of comedy : Schol. lviii LIFE OF PERICLES B.C. ad Aristoph. 67 \/sriTrjK6(TTU) ere t €7ri IlvtfoSuipov apxopro? 6 7rpos llehoTTOvinrialovs eve&TY) TroAe/xo? ev to KaraK^rjcOei^ 6 Srjp. os its t<*> acrr€t /cat (TviseOiaOeig eis rat? crrpaTetai? pna6o ci Bergk li § 5 1. 30 [tim»] ci Bergk r. 6 ch. ill § 1 1. 7 add :— ko.1 /3e/3at'cos vopovs eOero ci KPeppmuller i’. 7 § 2 1. 10 aut 'KttlkoL aut iroir]Tai secludendum putat Bergk l>. 8 ch. IV § 2 1. 19 add :—& oj3iiddt lxii LIFE OF PERICLES r. 61 ch. xxxiv § 3 1. 33 add: —Bergk retains ds iarpbv and in 1. 35 prefers Traad fores with Cobet to the vulgate ava-iret.- aBfores r. 63 cn. xxxvi §11.2 add :—< Kara > Kuddirep ci Bergk 1>. 66 CH. xxxvil § 2 1. 15 add : —Bergk would read irepl rov oTkov or rov o’lkov || § 5 1. 35 <6 J uws> y trapovaa SvorvxLa ci Bergk r. 67 ch. xxxviii § 1 1. 6 Kal crxoXalws ci Bergk i>. 108 ch. viii § 6 1. 50 add : —cp. Lysias eiriratpios § 79 f. roiyaproi ayfiparoL p.fo aurCjv ai pvrjpai, fr'Xioral 5’ inro rravroiv dvdpwwtov ai ripai' oi irevdovvrai pfo bib. rrjv ei\6p,evov. ap’ ovv, eVet (j)L\op,adev re Kal widriKWK Ivy ova: Blass ci kvvQv t ’ efccyo> va Kal iridriKuiv but see comm || 6 T)yefnoviK&s vulgo ; Cobet ci Kr/denoviKus, benigne ct leniter : ye\olojs ci Bergk 4 TTAOYTAPXOY BlfiN I 2 a%ia airovhlp ciKovapara Kal 0edpara, rcov Se Kaka)i> Kal dxpeklpcov rrapapekovvras; rfj pev yap ala0yaei Kara rrdQo^ < to > ry rr poarvyyavbvrcov la to? I5 dvdyKy rrav to cjoaivbpevov, av re yjyyacpov av 3 t d^prjarov y, 0ecopelv, red vc o S’ eKaaros, el fiovkoiro 'XprjaOaL, Kal rpeirecv eavrov del Kal perafidkkecv paara irpos to Sokovv 7 re^vKev, ware ^py StcoKeiv to fteknarov, iva py 0ecopy 2Q povov, dkka Kal rpecf>yrai tw Oecopelv. co? yap ocf)0akp

rrj s 7r\7/y?js ci Blass : tt]v iv\y]yf]v v. Ko would omit altogether § 3 1. 24 rtji x a pdfTi, vemistate, amoenitate sua ci Rk § 4 1. 28 rots i/At7r7ro? 7rpo? too o/oo eTTLTepirws ev tivl 7totw -^ryXavTa Kal Te^ot/cw? 40 elirev “O vie ala^vvy KaXcbg ootw -yJrdXXwv; " dp/cel yap av fiaaiXebs dtcpodcrdai ■^raXXov two o"%oXd£y, Kal itoXv oe/tet Tat? Moocat? krepwv toywotfo/teowo Ta TotavTa OeaTrjg yeyvopevog. II 'H 8’ avTovpyla two Taireivcov Tyg et? t a 153 KaXa paOvplag pdpTvpa tov ev toi? d^pyaToa 7 roooo TrapeyeTai KaO ’ avTyg- Kal ovbelg evef)vys oeo? y tov iv II tap Qeacrdpevog Ala yeveadai 5 ^etSta? eiredopyaev y ryv "H pav ryv ev ”Apyei HoXvicXeiTos, 0 08’ 'Ava/cpecov y <£>iXy Ta? y ' Ap^lXo^og yadelg avTwv r ot? iroiypaaiv. ov 2 yap dvay/calov, el repirei to epyov to? yapiev, a^Lov cnrov8y‘ > eivaL tov eipyaapevov. odev ov8' 10 oxpeXel Ta ToiavTa too? Oewpevovs, 7rpo? a /zt/tpTt/co? ov yiveTai ^P/Xog ov8e dvaboais Kivovaa Tpodvplav Kal oppyv eVt Tyv e^opolcoaiv. dXX ’ y ye dpeTy rat? 7 rpdfjeaiv eo#o? ootw BiaTi'Oycnv, ibcTTe apa davpd^eadac Ta epya Kal f yXovaOai 15 too? elpyaapevov<;. two pev yap eV Tp? Tir^p? 3 dyadwv Ta? tcTpaet? teat d7roAai/cret?, two 8’ a7r’ apeTyg Ta? 7rpd£et? dyairwpev, Kal Ta pev yplv irap' eTepcov, to, 8e paXXov eTepot? 7rap’ ypwv 07 rdp-^eiv ftovXopeOa. to Yap KaXov ecf)' avTo 20 TrpaKTiKW ? taoet /tat irpaKTiKyv evQvg oppyv CH. 11 § 1 1. 6 ‘fiXTjras ci Bryan (Si Do Bk Fu): (\i 7 /ui < «' Ivo B1 v : Cobet ci 'Imruivai;, a name found elsewhere in conjunc¬ tion with that of Archilochus § 2 1. 12 opg-r/v ci Rk (Fu Bl): acpopgriv, repugnantiam, aversa- tionem in the language of the Stoics, St Ko Si Do Bk vulgo 6 TTAOYTAPXOY II 3 ivTidrjaiv, rjOoTroiovv ov t f) puip^paei tov deaTpv, dWd t f) IcTTopia tov epyov Tpv irpoalpeaiv 4 Trape'^opievov. w ESo£ep ovv Kal pplv evhiarpl'^rab rfj irepl to vs fSlovs dvay pacf)fj • Kal tovto to / 3 l/ 3 \Iov SeicaTov avvTeTa^apbev 25 tov HepiK\eovs (TToya'C,op,eQa tov SeovTos, eifeaTi Kpiveiv eK twv ypa(pop,evwv. TTEPIKAEOYI BIOS III IleptKrX?)? yap r/v twv p,ev cj)v\wv ’A Kafiav- The lineage TiBr)?, twv Be Brjpuwv XoAapyev 9 , OLKOV Be oi Pericles. Ka \ f y 6 / 1 , ol)? T0 Q ^-p,^ TOV KaT ’ dpvepOTepOVS. Hap^i7T7ro? yap 6 viKpaaT7] KaTa to vs vttvovs § 4 1. 29 irpat)Tr)TL Kal Si.Kaioovvy BPS corr 2 (Ko Blass) : irpafn-qra Kal SiKaioavv-qv S Rk Si Do Fu V : Sia irpabr-qTa Kal SiKaioabvpv ci Bergk || 32-33 el S' 6p0&s . . . ypatpoptvwv om S, bracketed by Fuhr as an addition of late MSS || 32 tov SbovTos v : tov wpbwovTos St (Fulir) ch. in § 1 1. 6 tyyovos and HKyovos are both found in inscrip¬ tions of the vth and ivth cent. : the former fell into disuse in the iiird cent., to reappear in the iind cent. a.d. Meisterhans 2 p. 83 Ill 4 TTEPIKAHI 7 jo eho^e re/celv Xeovra /cal ped' ppepas o\aXr} /cal davpperpov. odev al pev ei/coves aurov His personal a-^ehov avaaai /cpdveac Trepieyovrai, ^Hdicuied 15 prj fiouXopeVWV, ft)? eoi/ce, rd)V re^VirMV pnefc^ofthe i^ovechl^ecv. oi S' 'Arr i/col ’Troi.rjral llliy ' cxinok£cJ)aAon aurov e/cdiXouv rrjv yap a/clXXav eanv ore /cal a-ylvov ovopd^ovai. rwv he 3 /cwpi/CMV 6 pev K parlvos cf>7]at,v ev X.eipwai 20 £tacic Ag kaI npecByreNHc Kponoc aAAhAoici mii-entc M eriCTON tIktcton typannon, on Ah KecJ)AAHrepeTAN Geoi kaAgoycin- /cal irdXiv ev N epeaei mo'A’, (I) Zef 5 ^nig kai kapanig. 25 TrjXe/cXelhp^ he ttotg men vito tmv irpaypdrwv 4 7)77opr)pevov /ca 6 r)a 6 ai cfipcriv aurov ev r/j 7 roXec kaphBapoynta, ttotg Ag Mo'nON 6 K K£cj)AAHC 6 nAGKAKA|NOY GOPYBON TTOAYN g’Janatg'AAgin • 3° 0 h' Et;7roA.t? ev rot? A rjpovi irvvOavopevoc; irepl e/cdarou r5)v dvafiefip/coru/v el; ahov hripayu/ywv, ft)? o riept/cAr/? d/vopdiaOp reXeuralo KetfraXqv St Ko Si Do Bk villgo : rqv KetpaXqv . . . <(x 0VTa > ci Bergk § 3 1. 20 Kpivos x (Ko Si Bk Fu Bl) : XpSuos v || 24 Kapavie Kock CGF 1 49: Ka.pi/ S v: Kapaii F l (Do Fuhr Blass 1 ) : Ka.pa.ie Meinekc after Unger : Kapdl'e Blass" : /iaKpoKapqve Xylantler : yuaxapie St Rk Ko V § 4 1. 28 pSvov, ttotS S' Sk KapaXrjs ci Bergk 8 TTAOYTAPXOY IY 1 IV Ai8da/ca\ov 8' avTov tcov piovaiKwv oi 7r\etcrT0i A dpuova yeveaBai Aeyovcviv, ov KcopuKols 8iaTpi[9r}v. 0 yovv 15 n\aToov Kal 7 rvvBavopievov avTov Tiva TreTroir]Kev His instruc¬ tors were Diiinon and. Zenon, but above all Anaxagoras —whose teaching and example exercised such a potent influence in the forma¬ tion of his 154 character. Ka Bdirep OVTCD • 1TPWTON M^N OYN MOI Ae'lON, ANTlBoAtb' Cy p^P, coc 4 >aci, XefpooN e’5e'0peyAC TTepn Trepl rpvaiv, Aeidaio<; Eip7]K6 81 a TOVTWV 25 CH. IV § 2 1. 19 Cos (pacn, Xelpxov ci Cobet (Bl 2 ) : ws (paaxv, 0 Xelptov Vulcobius Si Do Bk Fu Bl 1 : Cos (pamv , a> Xelpiov St Ko v § 3 1. 21 irpayparevopCvov pCv < Kal ai/Tov> rrepl rpuaiv, ci H 11 clc. 21, 2: Trpayp.aTevofj.evov Rk Ko Bl: irpayparevopCvov v || 24 Cos ttov Kal B F* S (Ko Bk Fu Bl): Coarrep Kal Si Do v || AeidvaboXoy(ap Kal TrepbTTrjv 8ia9 h' ep.eW.ev eiaievcu (tkotovs 0W09 17817 , irpoae- ra^e tlvl tmv ol/ceroov (pMS Xa/3ovTL TrapaTrepyjraL ical KaTaaTYjCTcu irpos Tyv o'uciav top avdpunrov. The poet Ion O he TroLyTys "Imv po0MviKyv with his (pr)(TL TV)V OpuMdV KCLl VTTOTVCpOV 6LVCU disdainful "' 1 T °v IT epL/cXeovs, Kal rat? peyaXav^Lai^ which'lie avrov iroXXyv vrrepo^r lav dvapeply^dat, with the tact fCCLi t 7T€pi(ppOVr)aLV TMV dKXtoV * 67 TCUV6L scension^of to K IpMvos ippeXe? Kal vypov Kal pepovaMpevov ev t at? avpirepufiopaL^. 4 dXA,’ ’ Icova pev, wuirep rpayucyv hchaaKaXlav, d^iovvTa t r)v dpeTyv evetn Tl vrdvTMS Kal aaTvpiKov pepos ecopev • tow? Se t ov Ilept- Zeno's re- /cAeo09 TOP crepvoTyTa hoPoKowlav re fault-finders. Kac t v(f)ov air o kclXovvt as 0 /.TjVMV TTapeKaX.et, Kal avTovs tl tolovto ho^oKoireiv, to? ttjs TTpoGTConjaew '.> avTys tmv koXmv vtto- iroLovcrys tlvcl XeXyOoTMS %yXov Kal avvydeiav. VI Ov povov he TavTa ti/9 ’ Ava^ayopov Freedom aw overlap direXavae UepLKXys, dXXa stitionan- 1 ” KaL heicrihaipovLas hoKel yeveadai Kadv- tage Pericles TTeprepOS, 0/» ^ \ \ \ Anaxagoras. T(ov Ta? «tT4a9 ayVOOVUL Kai 7T6/H T« CH. v § 3 ]. 28 avptrcpicpopah ci Madvig (Cobet Fu Bl) : irepcfpopais Ko Si Do Bk v CH. VI § 11. 2 TIe/Dt«:A.6t Different /copiadpvai, teal A Apyreo va pev tov pdv- a'supposed TIV, (!)<{ elSe TO Kepas la-^vpov Kai arepeov Anaxagoras 15 etc peaov tov peTilnrov yrecpv/cos, elirelv mous'sooth- oti 8velv ovaciov ev Trj 7 roXei hvvhaTeiiov, po^noUn- t/}? 0 ov/cv 8 i 8 ov /cal Tlepi/cXeovs, et? era tol "i utlljlH - 155 7 repicrT/)creTai to /cpaTos Trap co yevoiTO to appelov' tov 8' ’A vatjayopav tov /epaviov hia/co- 20 TvevTos eirihel^ai tov ey/cecpaXov ov Tre'irXppw/coTa Tpv fidcriv, dXX' o£vv Mcrirep wov e/c tov TravTos dyyeiov o-vvcoXiadp/coTa /caTa tov tottov i/celvov, o 0 ev 7 ) pi^a tov icepaTo<; ei^e Tpv dpyp)v. /cal 3 tot6 pev davpaadrjvai tov ’ Ava^ayopav vtto twv 25 TvapovTiov, oXiyip 8' iktt epov tov AdipTccova, tov pev © ov/cvSihov /caTaXvdevTos, tmv &€ TOV 8ppov TTpaypaTu/v opaXd/c; dirdvTwv in to tio II epi/cXel yevopevwv. i/cd/Xve 8' ov8ev, oipai, ical tov cf/vancov eTviTvyyjdiveiv /cal tov pdvTiv, tov pev 30 Tpv aiTiav, tov 8e to TeXo<; icaXcos eicXap/ 3 divov- t 0? • inre/ceiTo ycip tu> pev, e/c tiviov yeyove ical 7rak 7 retyv/ce dea/ppcrai, tio 8e, 7rpo 9 Tt yeyove /cal t i appaivei irpoeiirelv. oi 8e Tip aiTiat Tpv 4 evpeaiv dvaipeaiv eivai tov appeiov XeyovTe<; ov/c § 3 1. 31 yeyove ci Rk (Ko Si Do Bk Fit Bl) : yeyovtvcu St v § 4 1. 34 tov ari/eelov XCyovres, a transposition due to Sintenis to avoid tile hiatus (Fu Bl) : \£yovres tou arj/xelov v 12 TTAOYTAPXOY VI 4 irrLvoovaiv apta Tot? 6 etot<; /cal ra re^ypra rwv 35 avp,f 3 oXwv d 0 erovvre<{, y[rocpov *? re BlaKwv /cal (f>wra rrvpawv /cal yvwptovwv diroaKLaaptov^' wv e/caarov alrta rtvl /cal /caraa/cevrj ar/pbelov elval Ttpo? rreTroLrjrai. T avra ptev ovv taws erepa eprj 9 elvai, rpv re tpwvpv rjBetav ovaav avrov Kal rrjv yXwrrav 5 evrpo^ov iv tm BtaXeyea 0 at Kal ra^etav ol atpoBpa yepovre 9 <7 vovres> i^errXr/rrovro 7 rpos rpv optotorr/ra’ rrXovrov Be /cat 7epoo? rrpoaovros avrw Xaptrrpov Kal (j)tXwv, o't 7 rXelarov rjBvvavro, t])o( 3 ovptevos i£oarpaKta 0 r)vai, tmp /tep rroXtrLKWv 10 ovBev ervpar rev, iv Be rats arpareia t? dvpp 2 dya 0 bs rjv Kal (fdXoKtvBvvo ‘>. eVet S’ ’ AptareXBps /i-ep drroreQvpKei Kal ©epuaroKXr/s i^e'/rerrrwKet, K tptwva B' at arparelat ra rroXXa rrjs 'EAAaSo? e£w Karelyov, ovr a) £?) cfiipwv 6 YleptKXr/s 15 rw Br/ptw rvpoaevetp.ev eavrov, dvrl rwv 7 rXovatwv Kal oXtywv ra rwv rroXXwv Kal rrevrjrwv eXoptevos 7 rapa rr/v avrov cpvatv rjKtara BrjptortKrjv ovaav. ctXX\ to? eoiKe, BeBtws ptev vrro"<\ria rreptrreaelv rvpav- 20 vtBos, opeop S’ dpiaroKpartKov top Kt/taipa /cat BiaL\o(ppoavvai TravTos oyicov TrepiyeveaOai, ical BvacfivXaKTov iv avvyOeca to 777309 Bo^av aepvov ecrTt • T379 aXydivi)^ B ’ dpeTr /9 KaXXiaTa 9 6 40 /ca(? ripepav Bio 9 Tot9 auvovaiv. 0 Se „ 1 / v v / v He reserved /cat rc 5 Bppco, to awe-yes cfrevycov /cat his appear- \ / ^ 1 c» / j ance 3 s 3 . Toz/ icopov, oiov etc BiaXeippciTcov e7rXp- public criatev, ovk iirl TravTL irpdypaTi Xeycov for great ( v , \ /i , , occasions, ovB aei 7rapi(ov et 9 to irXridos, aXX employing <■ x „ v v -v / / the agency 45 eavTov wenrep tvv 2 peyaXas of ordinary Xpelas i'rriBiBov’i, TaXXa Be cfrlXovs /cat ppTopas eTepovi icaOiels enpaTTev. wv e'va cf)aal 6 § 4 1. 26 eirtOr/Kcv C (Ko Si Do Bk Fu Bl) : vir IOhikcv St v § 5 1. 37 lX ow ical eraipovs pr/ropas (i.e. ‘as speakers') Holzapfel with codd, Bergk 14 TTAOYTAPXOY VII 6 yeveaOai top ’EjffndXTTju, 09 tcareXvae to /cpaTos tj}? t’£ ’A peiov 7 ru'yov /3ov\fj<;, 7 roWrjv, Kara top 50 riXaTfOT'a, /cat a/cpaTOP rot? 7 roXtTat 9 eKevdeplap olpo^ocop • vcf >’ t/ 9 , wairep 'lttttov, i£v/3pLaavTa top Sr/pop ol /ccopcoSoTroLol Xeyovac TTei0ApxeTN 156 oyKen toAman aAAa Aa'kngin thn EyBoian kai taTc nhcoic erriTmAAN. 55 VIII Tfj pevTOL irepl top /Slop /caTacr/cevf) /cal His style as T< 0 ^jeOei TOU (j)pOPl']paTO<; dppO^OPTa influenced A. 070 P, wcnrep opyapop, i^apTVopepo? ira- ing’ofimi" peveTecve TToWa^ov Top ' Ava^ayopav, olov j3atyr)P TJj pTJTOpL/CYj TT)V CpUCTLO- 5 Xoylap viro^eopepos. to FhAo'noyn toyto kai ttanth TeAecioypTON, &>9 o deco 9 TIXcItcop cpr/ac, rrpoc toJ eycJjYHC gTnai kthcamgnoc e’/c (pvatoXo’ycas, /cat to npo'ccj/opoN g'Aky'cac eni thn tun Aotwn tg'xnhn 2 7 roXv 7 rdvTcop hcrjpe^/ce. Sco ical ty/p 10 Origin of the , f , n f , name‘The eiruck^aLP avTco 'yepeaoac Xeyovac' Olympian ’ , \ > \ ~ ? , 1 \ given to KacTOC Tipe<; a7ro tcop oc 9 e/coappae Trjp Pericles. , r rs> , v „ , „ A / v ttoAjLv, ol o airo T/js ep t/j iroKcTeca Kai Tat9 epeiN XeyoPTcop. Bia- ppypopeveTat Be rt? ical SovkvBIBov a saying of tov TMleXyaiov Xoyos et9 Tyv BeipoTyTa the'stall's- 5 25 tov I lepucXeous peTa 7 raiBias elpypevow onl^orator- yp pev yap o OovKvBlBys tmp koXwp Kal 11,11 4 ayaOwv dpBpcop teal 7 t\6L(ttov dpTe-iroXiTevaaTo tw HepucXel ^povov A p^iBdpov Se tov A a/cehai- poplcop ftacrLXecos TrvpOapopepov, 7 roTepop avTos rj 3 ° Hepi/cX?)? iraXaiei /3eXT lop “"OTap" elnrev “ iyd> KaTafidXio TraXaiwp, eKelpos dpTiXeycop &>9 ov TreTTTCoKe vuca Kal peTaireldeL tou9 opwvTas.” Ov pyp dXXa Kal ovtcos 6 IlepiKXdp; 7 repl top Xoyop eiIXa/Sy? yp, w Xo0o/cA.et9, Bet KaOapas e^eip top crTpaTyyop, aAAa. Kal t« 9 0'v/ret9.' 6 Be ’S,Tyaip/3poT0<; (f)7]acp otl tovs ip 6 ~dpeo Te0P7]KOTa‘i iyKcopid^cop iirl tov fiypaTO? § 4 1. 33 ovtu s ci Holzapfel Pliilologus Bd. 51 Heft 2 p. 276 : cu)t6s St Si Bk Fu B1 v ^peiap dpdppocTTOP. eyypacpop pep ovp ovBep «7roA.eA.oi7re 7 r\yp twp ylrycptapd- 16 TTAOYTAPXOY VIII 6 Various opinions on the charac¬ ter and con¬ sequences of his adminis¬ tration. Did he, as some think, de¬ moralise the people by humouring them ? d0avdrou<; eXeye yeyovevai Kaddirep tovs 0eov<; • 5 o ov 8 e yap ekelvow; avrovs opwp.EV, dXXa Tat9 TLpbai'f, a? e^ovcn, Kal tols dyadols, a Trape^ovaiv, dOavdrovs sivai TEKp.aip6p.E0a• ravr ovv inrdp- X ei/P Kai Tofc vnep Tt)s 7raTpt8o9 d r iTO0avovaLV. IX ’E7T6t 8 e 0ovkv8l8 779 p.EV dpLaTOK.paTLK.rjv TLva T7)v tov UepiKXeovs hiroypdvos 8 o%av aVTLTaTTO p.EVO*t VTTETTOLELTO tov 8 rjp.ov iXaTTovp.Evo<; Se 7 tXovtw Kal xPVP acriV > '5 dv, Kal tod9 Trpsa- J3vTEpOV ‘> d/Jicf)L€VVV(OV, TWV TE ^(WjOlGJ V rov<{ (ppaypovs dipaipcov, 07rct>9 OTTcopi- 20 £coaiv oi /3ovXop,evoL, tovtol' > 6 JlepLKXrjs KaTadrjpLaywyovjjLevos TpeireTaL 7T/D09 t rjv tmv 8 rjp.oalcov 8Lavop.rjv, avp.(3ovXevaav- Finding himself at first outdone in popular arts by Cimon, he had recourse to other ex¬ pedients for gaining the favour of the people, on the strength of which he succeeded in his attack on the Areo¬ pagus, and in procuring the ostra¬ cism of his rival, who was sus- § 6 1. 51 ovSt yap S F a (HSauppe Fu Bl) : oil yap Si Bk v || 52 a 7 raptxovm ci Br (Ko Si Do Bk Fu Bl) : airep Hxov? cte<1 of 25 ’ Apio-TOTeAys laropyKe. Kal ra^v dew- lacomsm - 3 pacols /cal hucaaTucols Aypipiaaiv aXXeu? re piiado- cf>opal 9 /eat %opyyiai<; avvSe/cucra'i to TrAydos e^pyTo /caTa tj}? e’£ ’ Apeiov irdyov ftovAys, //? auTo? ou /xeTet^e Sta to yuo/V dp^wv pyTe /3aa-tXeo? /tryVe 30 t roXe/eap^o? /tryTe de KaTearaaiaae Tyv / 3 ovAyv, ware Tyv 35 /tei/ dcf)aipedP)vai t a? 7rXe/vpwv epTreirAyKOTa Tyv ttoAiv, to? eV T 019 7repl eKeivov yeypairrat. t octovtov yv to KpaTO AafuovLSov toG “Oadev ci Cobet (Busolt and others) § 3 1. 29 /ir/re fiacnXevs pyre rro\( papyos pr)re decrpodlrry; II Sauppe (Bl) : fir/re 6. fir)re /javydBa. Bco /cal Bo/cel TlepL/cXfjs eppcopevecrTaTa Tpv pd^rjv e/celvpv ciycovlaaadaL /cal yevecrOac tuivtcov eirifyavecrTaTos dcfrei- Bpaas tov acopaTos . enrecrov Be /cal tov 15 K/yuo)j/09 ol (plXoc 7 rdvTes opaXcos, ovs TLepucXrjs crvveTrrjTLaTO tov XaKcovcapov ■ Kal peTavoia Beivrj tovs ’A 9 r)valovs /cal 7 rodos tov Klpcovos, r]TT 7 ]pevovs pev eirl tmv opcov t/)s ’Att ucrjs, irpoa- 20 Bo/ccbvTas Be fiapvv els erovs copav alcrdopevos ovv 6 Uepc/cX/js ov/c cxMCvrjcre % aplaacrOai tols 7 roXXols, dXXa to yjrpcjicapa ypuyjcas ai/TOS i/cdXet, tov dvBpa, /cd/celvos /caTeXOcov elpr/vrjv 25 eiroirjcre t als 7 roXeaiv. ol/celcos yap el^ov ol AaKeBacpbvioc irpos avTov cocnrep cnvp^QovTo t a> Hepi/cXei Kal tols aXXocs Brjpaycoyois. ovlol Be cpacnv ov irpoTepov ypacpr/vaL tco K IpcovL Tpv 3 ° Elpinice is KadoBoV VITO TOV UepLKXeOVS »} CTVV- reported to have negoti- 6>]Kas avTols aTropppTovs yeveadac Bl' § 2 1. 12 eppu/JLev^Tara rrjv ci Cobet (Bl 2 Si 3 Fu) : eppupe- vearar-qv ci Ko : eppufievearaT-qv Si 1 Bk Bl 1 v || 17 avvcrr- jy-riaro, una olim insimulaverat Cobet VL. p. 391 (Fu Bl 2 ): avvetv- una insimulabat Si Bk Bl 1 vulgo: (xvvewpTidaaTo ci Bergk § 3 1. 25 Ka.Te\dcbv ci Si (Do Fu Bl): dzi-cA Sup, profedus Spartam puta Reiske Bk vulgo : Cirave\8uv ci Ko TTEPIKAHI 19 X 6 KXTTLVLKrj^, TT/f K LfJbOOVOS d8eX(f»~]'i, MCTT6 Vil/Mova pev i/cirXevcraL Xa/3ovTa vavs 35 8ia/coala i i ical tmv e^co crTpaTpyeiv Kara- crTpecpopevov t rjv (3acnXeM<; %copav, YlepucXel 8e ttjv iv aarei 8vvap.LV virap'^eiv. ’ESoxret 8 e ical irpoTepov r) E\7 TLv'ucr] rep K ipMvi tov Ilepc/cXea 4 o irpaorepov 7 rapaa^elv, ore ttjv davarucpv 8lkt]v ecf)evyev. rjv pev yap els tmv / 'rr . „ , v „ ~ , forbearance. KarrjyopMV 0 LlepL/cXip VITO TOV orjpov Pericles on o /D-i / ** /, / r, \ \ » \ that occa- 7 rpopepAppevo'i- eXtrovcrrjs oe 777)09 avTov sion did not t r)<; E\7 tlvlk 7)<; ical 8eopevrp j peoSidcrat; trial. 45 ehrev “ ’H EXttlvlkt), ypavs el, ypavs [et], &)? 7 TpdypaTa TrjXucavTa 8La7rpdacrea0ai." ov prjv dXXa ical 777)09 tov Xoyov aira^ dveaTT), Tt]v 7 rpoftoXpv dcpoo-iovpevos, /cal tmv icaTrjyopMv eXa^LCTTa tov l\.ipMva XvirpcTas dir e~^M pya e. a ted with Pericles the terms on which her brother Cimon was to return from exile. It was said that once before, when 5 Cimon was under a capi¬ tal charge, she had gone to Pericles to entreat his 116)9 av ovv Tt 9 \8opevel KaT-pyopovvTL tov Tlepi- If lie was so considerate to an enemy, the charge of Idomeneus that he put to death 55 cf)ov?)aavTO>{ 8ia ^ijXotv 7 t lav /cal cpaovov T79 8otjr) 9 ; TavTa yap ovk 0I8' o 0 ev 7 ruTTevaeie icaTyyopovvTL tov / cXeov 9, m 9 tov 8rjpayMyov ’EcfiLaXTr/v, (J)lXov yevopevov /cal kolvmvov ovTa T );9 iv tij 7 ToXiTela irpoacpeaeM^, 80X0- ouTiyEphi- altes, a friend and political ally, must be crvvayayMv toairep y^oXrjv Tclv 8 pl 7 rpocr- unworthy as § 5 1. 45 the second el is probably, as Reiske suggests, interpolated, though retained by edd. By its omission we avoid a harsh hiatus. Cp. Civi, c. 14, 4 || 46 6 iciirp&ff]V >] ecJTiaaiv rj nropnrpv eivai tical ' , , „ ■ . ^ measures of prjyavwpevos ev aaTei Kai oianraioayco- Pericles. ywv ovk dpovaois ySovals t?/v nroXiv, e^pKovTa Se Tpn'jpeis KaO’ eKacxTov eviavTov eKnrepnrwv, ev 35 als nroXXol twv ttoXitwv enrXeov oktw ppvas body and makes them sit by them¬ selves in a special place in the public assembly apart from the Demos. The bitter¬ ness of party conflict was exasperated by this severance of the Few from the Demos and these words now for the first time were used at Athens as political terms. eppiaOoi, peXeTWVTes dpa Kal pavddvovTes ttjv vavTiKrjv epnreiplav. 7 rpos Se tovtois H e provides 5 yiXlovs pev eaTeiXev els Xeppovrjaov thep oot by KXrjpouyovs, els Se N b%ov nrevTaKo- ^°^ ng out 40 aiOVS, els Se ” XvSpOV pplaeiS TOVTWV, Athenian els Se ®paK 7 ]v yiXlous BiadXTais cierSs^ O-VVOlKpcrOVTaS' dXXoVS S’ els I TaXlaV served as a oi,Kt,£opev7]s Sv/3dpios, rjv ©ovpiovs checkontIie § 2 1. 13 TavrliraXov ci Reiske §31. 21 8 ( 77 X 677 ci Ruhuken (Ko Si Bk Fu Bl): SiairXoKri vulgo § 5 1. 40 rods i 7 /R(Tf(s Fu after Cobet || 43 avoiK^o^v-q^, 22 TTAOYTAPXOY XI 5 neighbour- Trpoayybpevaav. ical tclvt' eirparrev ing allies. > , /o V , ~\r>\ \ a7TOKOV(pi^(ov pev apyov tcai oca ayoKrjv 45 TroXvirpaypovos o%\ov ryv ttoKlv, ivravopdov- pevos Be tccs diropcas tov Bppov, (f)b/3ov Be ical (frpovpav tov pi] veMTepc^ecv tc irapaicaTocicl^MV TOt^ (TVppa^OCS. XII A Q Se 7 r\eccTTr]v pev pBovrjv rat? 'AOpvacs real Koapov pveyice, peycaTrjv Be tocs aXXocs eKirXp^cv dvOpdirocs, povov Be Ttj 'E WdBc papTvpel prj ’^revBeaOac ttjv X eyopevpv Bvvapcv avTrjs i/celvrjv /cal s tov iraXacbv d\/ 3 ov, r] tmv dvaOrjpaTMV KaTacrKevi), tovto pdXcaTa tmv 7 roXcTev- pvcTMv tov Tlepc/cXeovs i/ 3 daiccuvov ol i X dpol teal Bce( 3 aXXov iv tocs e/c/cXrjacacs, fioMVTes ms “ O pev Br/pos dBo^ec /cal 10 /ca/CMS dteovee tcc kolvcc tmv "EAA .tjvmv X pppaTa Trpos avTov etc AyXov peTa- yaycov, f] B ’ eveaTev av tm 1rpos tovs iy/caXovvTas evirpenreaTaTp tmv irpo- cpd/reMV, BecaavTa tovs / 3 ap/ 3 dpovs 15 e/ceWev dveXeadac ical cpvXaTTecv iv o X vpM t a teoevd, TavTrjv dvypTj/ce Ilept- /cXrjS’ ical Bo/cec Becvrjv vfipcv 17 f E Was vf 3 pc£ecr 9 ac ical TvpavvelaOac 7 repccfravMS, ‘ being re-settled,’ B1 with HSauppe Cobet and Eberhard obs. polyb. p. 40 : olKpoyivT )s Ko Si Bk Fu v || 2u/3d/Mos Cobet: 2 vpapeus v || 48 tl del Cobet as ‘ ex sequente it vitio natum ’ ch. xii § 1 1. 7 tovto anon (Ko Si Bk Fu Bl): toijtoj Do v § 2 1. 13 tveGTiv y: % / tions of the aVTO)V KCU TOV? papfJClpOVS aV€lp ~ ^ ' ’a a v were the oin/ iirirov , ou vavv, ov% OTrMrrjv , aK\a p r j ceo fthe 3° xpr'piaTa povov tcXovvtcov • a tmv enjoyment' 1 159 BbBovTCOV OVK ecrTLV, aXXa TMV Xapb- Aegean, /3avbvTwv, av irape-^waiv dvd' ov Xapb- which Athens had / Sdyoucrr Bel Se tt}? 7 ro\ea/9 Kare- cncevaa pevy^ t/cai/cS? Tot? dvay/cabObS Trpo tov S’ davvTa/CTOv /cat general secured for them ; if there was a surplus, he was justified in spending it in beauti¬ fying the chief city of the league. § 2 1. 21 avayKaioLs ci Bergk §3 1. 33 Seiv 8£ ci Cobet, who adds, ‘ fert in talibus Graecae compositionis ratio, lit ubi on non repetitur ad indirectam orationem transitus fiat’ (Bergk) § 4 1. 35 H-ovtrlav ci Bergk || 36 ycvofPvwv . . . yivo/xlvuv anon (Ivo Si Do Bk Fu Bl): yivo^ivoiv . . . ytvo/Pvuv v 24 TTAOYTAPXOY XII 5 ''illusion of Bavavaov oyXop ovt' auoipov eivcu activity and /v r 1 withal?' XyptptaTCOP fBouXoptepoi ov re Xaptfidvetp operand dpyop /cal a^oXd^ovTa, pteydXas icara- admirabiy a/cevaaptdiTcop €Tri/3oXd$ /cal iroXvTeyvovs conceived f t/ and canned VTTOOeaeiS tpycOP OLaTpifir/V i^OPTCOV 5 o execution of eve/3aXe (pepcop els top Srjptop, Ip a ptybep Ills gl'Gclti ^ . works. IjTTOP TCOP TrXeOPTWP tcai (ppOVpOVPTCOV /cal arpaTevopbepcop to ol/covpovp e%y irpocpaaip «7ro tcop hyptoatwp dxpeXelaOat /cal pteTaXapt- 6 /3dveip. o7rov yap vXy peep yp Xt0os ^aX/cos 55 iXecpas ^pvabs efiepos /cvirdpLaaos, at Se Tav- ti)p e/crropovcrai /cal /cayepya^optepat Te^pat T€/c- Tove 9 TrXdaTat %aX/coTVTrot XtOovpyol ffaepeis, ^pvaov paXa/CTr/pes < /cal > iXecpapTos, ^coypdcpot TTOL/ctXTal TopevTat, iroptirol Se tovtcqp /cal /copu- 60 crTr/pes eptiropot /cal pavTat /cal /cvjBeppyTat /caTa 7 daXaTTap, ol Se icaTa yrjp dpta^oTryyol teal £evyoTpocpot /cal yvloyot /cal /caXcoaTpocpot ical Xtpovpyol /cal a/cvTOToptot ical o8o7roiot ical pteTaXXe t?,— k/cdcrTy Se Teypy, /caOdirep crTpaTyyos 65 lSlop crTpaTevpta, top OyTucop o%Xop /cal IStooTyp avPT€Tayptevop el^ev, dpyapop /cal acopta Tys inrypeata 9 ytpoptepop —et? irdcrap, 009 eVo? elirelp, yXt/ctap /cal epuatp at ^pelat Btepeptop /cal hteairetpop ttjp einropiap. 7 o XIII 'Apa/3atpbpTcop Se tcop epycop virepyepapeop § 6 1. 58 ficMpeis, xP va ’°c ptaXaKTrjpes, eXitpavros Ivo B1 vulgo : pSacpeis XPPO’ou, paXaKrfjpes iXecpavTos ci Wyttenbacll (Do Fuhr): platpe is, x/wiroO /xaXaKTijpe s < Kal > iX^cpavros ci Rk (Si 4 Bk Holzapfel) : . . . xpuiroD, paXaKTTjpes {Xtcpavros ci AJacob § 7 k 64 Xivovpyoi Xylander (Ko Si Do Fu Bl) : XiOovpyoL v XIII 3 TTEPIKAHI 25 pev peyedeb, popcpfj S dpipyrwv /cal x dpiri , tmv Sypbovpywv dpbXXcopevcov inrep- Xhe rapidity fidXXeaOab rpv Srjpbovpylav rfj /caX - these "' 1 "' 11 5 XiTe^vla, pdXiara Oaupdatov r/v to b^utmi^ ra^09. mv yap e/caarov movto iroKKai*; executed /cal rfXuciais poXb<; iirl tcXo? the least dfpl^eadab, raura rravra pad ? d/epfj ^ature° U> ’ 7 roXbrelas eXapfiave rrjv avvreXebav. al ’ 011t thein ‘ io /calrob rvore efraenv ’A yaddpxov rov £i coypdipov 2 peya cj)povovvTo>i eVt tw /cal pqblax; ra £ d>a rrobelv d/covaavra rov Z evtjbv elirelv “ ’E^eo Se 7 toXXm x povw »/ 7«p eV tco iroceiv evyepeia /cal ra^vTrjc; ov/c evrlOrjcri fidpos dpyw pbvipov 15 ouoe icdXXovs d/cplfSebav 6 S’ ei? rrjv yeveabv ra 7 rov(p irpohaveiaOels ^povo<; ev rfj acorppla tou yevopevov ttjv la-yyv d r ivo 8 b 8 wabv. odev ical 3 paXXov davpd^erab t d Tlepb/cXeovs epya irpos ttoXvv xpovov ev oXlyep yevopeva. zcaXXeb pev 20 yap e/caarov evOvs qv rore dp^alov, d/epfj Se P^XP 1 v ^ v TTpoacparov earb /cal veovpyov oilra? erravdel /cabvor 7/9 del ti? aOucrov i/irb rov xpovov SbaTTjpovaa rrjv oifrbv, warrep debOaXes rvvevpa CH. Xiil § 1 1. 4 i'TreppdWecrdai ci Schafer (Si Do Bk Fu Bl) : xmepfiaXiaOai Ko vulgo || rijs Srifiiovpyias ci Blass : r rp> Sripuovpylav Ko Si Do Bk Fu AJacob vulgo § 2 1. 10 irort Xylander (Si Do Bk Fu Bl) : rore v || 13 TroWip xpovu ci Wyttenbach cl Mor. 970 (Do Fu Bl): ev noWtp XP&V Ko Si Bk Co Bergk || 16 Madvig would read irpotrSavei- cOels, on the ground that irpoSaveur6els would require the gen. roO irdvov : but wpo- is here the equivalent of irporepov, mean¬ ing ‘before the work is completed’ || 17 tt)v 1 eicrr]- Long Wall, yovpevov ypcoprjp TlepucXeovs, r/pyo- Xd/Brjcre K-aWc/cpaTps. /ccopcoSel Se to epyop 4° K paTLVO<; to? (BpaSecos Tcepaivopevov tt&Aai p*P ay to (cppcrl) Ao'roici npoA'rei TTepiKAe'HC, eproici A’ oy’Ae kincT. to S’ ’QiSelop, T17 pev ePTos SiaOeaei woXveSpop /cal TroXvcrTvXop, tv S’ epeylrec irepucXipe 9 45 The Odeion. v , , ‘ „ r T r /ecu KaT apTe^ e/c pias icopvcpps irei topt]- pepop, ei/copa Xeyovcn yeveadac ical pipypa T /79 /3aa/,Xecov) ci Cobet || Siafaap.a S (Fuhr AJacob) § 5 1. 43 A670K7t ci St (Si Bk F 11 Bl): A6701S v II irpodyei ci Reiske (Si Bk Fu Bl) : irpoadyei v || oi55’ &Ka/vav ci Bergk ^ Illustrious artists and architects employed, under the supervision Of PHIDIAS. Parthenon. Telesterion at Eleusis. XIII 9 TTEPIKAHI 27 o cxiNOKe'(J)aiAoc Zeyc d'Ae npocepxeTAi Tcp’AeToN eni toy kp&nioy eXcon, e’neiAH toyctp&kon nApoixeTM. (piXoTipovpevos S' 6 II epuc\rj<$ Tore irpwTov 55 i-^nityiaaro povaiKfjs dycova rot? Tlava(fa)valoi<; ayeaOai, Kal Sbera^ev avTos ddXo6eTtj<; aipe6et9 iPeipyuaOy pev iv 7revTaeTi'a cidentwhich XlvrjcrucXeovs dpyiTeKTOvovvTO ?• Tvyrj during its Se OavpaaTrj avp/3aaa irepl ttjv oiKoSopiav ipyvvae Ti)V deov ovk aTroaTarovaav, 65 dXXa avve^aTrTopevrjv tov epyov Kal avveTiTe- Xovaav. 6 yap evepyoraro 9 Kal TrpoOvpoTaTos 8 tow reyvLTwv inrocrcpaXels ig v-yjrow; eireae Kal SceKeiro poyOypd)<;, vn to twv laTpwv direyvco- apevos. ddvpovvTos Se tov TlepcKXeov; y 0eo >> 70 ovap (fraveiaa avveTa^e depaireiav, y ypwpevos 6 II epLKXrjs t ayy Kal paS i&>9 laaaTO tov dvOpcoirov. iirl tovtm Se Kal to yaXKOvv ayaXpa tt}? Tryteta? ’ AOrjvas dveaTyaev eK aKpoiroXeb 7 rapa tov ficopov, 09 Kal irpoTepov r/v, o>9 Xeyovaiv. 75 'O Se ^etSta? eipyd^eTO pev t?;9 deov 9 § 6 1. 51 the old reading was 6 ax^oK^ipaXos Zeds S5e npocr- ipXtTai | ITepocX^s: Meineke substituted 651 for 65e and added the art. before Ilepi/cX^rjs. Cobet divides the verse differently and omits IleporX^T/s as ‘ fatue et insulse additum post 6 a’X‘i'- 7evs tide.’ Similarly in c. 24, 6, the insertion of ’Aa-n-aaiav is probably due to a copyist TTAOYTAPXOY XIII 9 28 to 'xpvaovv eSo? Kal tovtov §pp,iovpyeypa7TTai, irdvra K Athena £ v ’ 5 > « \ ^ r Parthenos V v O-^eoOV 67 T CLVTCd KCU ITaCTLV, 0)9 by Phidias. » / 5 / ~ ^ \ IJis appoint- €LpT)K(lfL€V, €7T€(TTCIT€L TOi 9 T€^ViTai 9 06a ment to the / ^ / n -\ / \ o 0 ovov, Tib Se / 3 Xaa9 eXevdepa 9 tm UepiKXei yvvaiKas eh to. ep^a (poiTcbiras viroSe^opievov tov QeiSlov. $e£dp,evcn Se tov Xoyov ol Kiopuicol 7 roXXljv daeXyeiav avTov /caTe- 85 cnceSaaav, e’h tc ttjv M.evi 7 T 7 rov yvvai/ca SiaftdXXovTes, dvSpo<; iplXov icai vtto- whenwetad O’TpaTTJJOVVTO^, 619 T6 TO-9 rioptXdp,7T009 even con¬ temporary historians, like Stesim- brotus, giv¬ ing currency 11 to scandal¬ ous stories about him. opviOoTpoipias, 09 eTalpos cbv TlepucXeovs aiTiav et^e TaMvas vijnevai Tah 9° 7 vvcu^Lv, ah 6 UepucXys iirXpo-la^e. Kai, tI av tis dvOpMTrovs craTvpiK0v<; t oh ftiois Kal T09 KaTa tmv KpeiTTovcov / 3 Xacr wairep Salpiovi KaKip too ipOovip tmv ttoXXmv dirodvovTas eKaaTOTe Oavpuiaeiev, ottov 95 Kal ^TriaipifipoTos 6 ®dmo<; Seivov dae/ 3 r]pba Kal pvdibSe*; e^eveyKelv iToXpipaev eh ttjv yvvaiKa 12 tov vlov KaTa tov TlepiKXeov‘ ; ; ovt 0)9 eoiKe irdvTr) %aXeirov eivai Kal SvadppaTov luTopia t dXrjdh, oTav ol piev vcrTepov yeyovoTes tov i°° Xpovov exevaiv iTnnrpoaOovvTa tt) yvcoaei tmv § 9 1. 77 y^ypawrai Si B1: dvaytypairrai ci Cobet Bergk : eivai y£ypairTa.i Ko Do Bk with codd: Karay^ypairrai ci Fuhr § 10 1. 87 crvaTpaTriyodvTos ci Cobet, who says that v-rroaTpa- 7 - 1770 Cvtos must be faulty because ‘neque res neque nomen Athe- niensibus in usu erat’ (Bergk) || 90 inalveiv (wiavai), deinde etfrUvcu, turn inrorelvai ci Bergk XV 1 TTEPIKAHI 29 7T paypdiT mv, p Be tmv t rpu^etov Kal tmv /31mv pXbKbMTbs t? aira- Resu]t o{ 0 mvto^ t a 'xppp.ara Kal ra? nrpoaoBov^ struggle 1 ' (LIT oXXvi'T 09, ppd)TpaeV ev eKKXpaia Perales and 5 tov Bppbov, el 7 roXXa BoKel BeBaTravp- Tliuc y dldes - aOab • cppcrdvTMV Be TrdpTroXXa,“M7j toIvvv' elirev “ vpblv, dXX epol BeBaTravpa0M, Kal tmv dvaOp- pLCbTMv IBlav epavTOv Trobpaopab Tpv eirbypa(\)pv." ebTrovTos ovv TavTa tov llepbKXeovi, e'bTe Tpv 2 to peyaXo(f)po5 crTa? Kal BbaKbvBvvevaa ? eKelvov pev e£e/3aXe, KaTeXvae Be Tpv dvTbTeTaypevpv eTabpelav. XV 11? ovv, TravTUTraab Xv0elap ? tt}? Bia(f)o- pdi Kal Tpi 7roXeft)? ObOV opaXp 9 Kal Change in H-bds yevopevps KopbBfj, irepbpveyKev eh *nd tempet eaVTOV Ta? Aopvas Kab TCI TMV when hisin- 5 ’A 0pvabMV e| pp T ppeva irpdypaTa, o- ^y^tTb- \ / \ / \ lished. povs /ecu arparevpara /ecu Tptrjpet ? /cat vperovi Kal 0dXaaaav Kal TroXXpv pev Bb’ ' EiXXj'jvmv, 7 roXXpv Be Kal Bba ftapfidpMv pKovaav bcr'xyv Kal pyepoviav virpKoob ? e0veab Kal (friAlabs to ftaabXeMV Kal avppa^labi neeppaypevpv BwaaTMV, 30 TTAOYTAPXOY XV 2 2 oviceO' o ai)ro9 pv ov8 ’ o/W &>9 eLpop0p' ? tco S'ljfup ical pa-Sios inreliceiv ical avvev8c8ovai rats eiriOv place wcnrep irvoale twv i roXXwv, aXX' e« t?}? dvecpevpe eicelvpe ical viro0pvTTTopevpe evia 8ppaycoylae wcnrep dv0ppde ical paXa/cr/e dppcoviae t5 apicrTO/cpaTi/crjv ical /3acriXiicpv ivTeivdpevoe ttoXl- t eiav, ical ^pwpevoe avTrj nrpoe to fieXTUJTOv 3 op0fj ical dveyicXcTW, ra pev 7 roXXa (3ovXopevov r/ye irel0wv ical Sibaaiccov tov 8ppov, rjv 8' ore ical pdXa 8vcr^epaivovTa tear are lvmv ical irpoa- 20 /3i/3d£wv i^eipovro tw avpcpepovTi, pipovpevoe dre^ywe laTpov 7 roaciXw voappaTL ical paicpw Kara, icaipov pev p8ovae d/3Xa/3ec<;, Kara, icaipov 8e 8pypove ical cpdppaica Trpocrc^epovTa 4 awTr/pia. 7ravTo8a7rd)V yap, C 09 eltcoe, Tra0wv 25 iv TO0oyyov <> '^rv^rje pdX eppeXov 9 d(j)fj 9 5 ical icpovarews 8eopevov 9 . atTia 8 ov% p tov 35 Xoyov yjriXw 9 8vvapie, dXX\ we ®ovicv8l8p 9 cppcrlv, p irepl top fii'ov 8o£a ical irlcrTie tov dv8poe, d8wpoTaTOV irepityavwe yevopevov ical %pppaTwv CH. XV § 3 1. 20 TrpotrfiifSafai' ci Schafer (Si Do Bk Fu Bl) : Trpoo-pLafai' Ko v || 23 ijSords afiXapeis, voluptates noxia vacantes ci Rk (Si Do Bk Fu Bl) : eu\a/3e(s, cum cautione coniunctas v XVI 2 TTEPIKAH2 31 icpeLTTOvos' 09 Kal t r/v iro\iv etc fieyaXrjs pceyi- 40 arijv /cal r rr\ovaiMrdrriv rroipaa^ /cal yevopbevos Bvvdpcei ttoWmv /3aai\ecov /cal rvpdvvcov vrrep- repos, mv evLOi /cai rt T0t9 vleai Biedevro, i/ceivos pud Bpa%pif) puel^ova rrjv ovaiav ov/c eTTOLijaev ?)<; o rrarrjp avr

ir\ovtxiuTaTqp ci HSauppe || 42 &p Zvl 01 Kal iirl rois vttac dddepro eKelpgj ci L. Holzapfel ; the MSS have up Ipioi Kal iirl rots vUtn SUOepro, i Kelp os, wliicli Jacob retains, substituting ri for (wl : Fuhr and Blass accept Madvig’s emendation Kal irrlTpoirop rots vtfai Sitderro t kcipop , the objection to which, as pointed out by Bemardakis (Symb. cr. p. 6), is that tmTpoirop KaduxT&pai , not Siarldeadai, is the proper Greek for ‘appointing’ a guardian, and that the statement is historically improbable. Bernardakis’s own translation patrimonium ne una quidem drachma amplius cffccit ex Us pccuniis, quarum partem (= up) nonnulli etiam filiis reliquerant is scarcely more satisfactory. HSauppe (die Quellcn p. 34) conjectures up epioi Kal iirl rois vUeri SUdepro rois IkcIpov, pug. opaxpp kt\ but, as A. Schmidt ( Perikl . 11 237) remarks, the statement which follows that Per. had not increased his paternal estate by a single drachma would then be strangely out of keeping, for the property of Paralus who died before his father, and had no descendants or collateral heirs, would naturally have reverted to Pericles. Schmidt’s own translation ‘ some of whom be¬ queathed their power to their sons’ is considered unsatisfactory, as it involves the assumption of an improbable fact CH. XVI § 1 1 . 8 tt)s irepl avrbp ? 32 TTAOYTAPXOY XVI 2 est proof of the con- TnAe/cAetSw? TrapaSe&coKevcu cbrio-lv 10 fidence reposed in } A v , ' / ' him by the people. aVTOO TOllf AdrjVaiOVS TTOAewN T6 (^opoyc Ay’taC T€ TTOAeiC, TAC MtN AeiN, tac A’ ANAAy£IN, Aaina tgixh, m^n oiKoAo/welN ta Ae tamttaAin AY kataBaAAgin, cttonAac Ay'namin kpatoc eipHNHN ttAoyton t’ eyAAi- MONIAN TG. /cat ravra KaLpos ovk r/v ouS’ d/C/ttr/ Kal ^dpis 15 dvOovar ?? iero pdarpv 30 Kal dKpi/Seardrpv elvai. tou? 7a/? eVeTetou? Kaprrovs drravra? dOpoovs iir lit paaKev , etTa twv dvayKalcov eKa- ra 8Z rdinraXin aS Bl 2 after Kock 1 220 : ra 5 0 ovot<; 7 repippeov- 40 T09, dXXct rravro^ pcev dvaXcopcaros, TravTos Be X,r;/i/oaT 09 St’ dpi 0 p.ov ical pcerpov ySaStfooT 09 . 6 Be 7 raaav avrov rrjv rotaxnpv avveyayv 5 dicpifieiav eh r/v obcerys, HjvdyyeXo*;, &>9 erepos ovBeh eo 7reeya\ov\a.KTov, Soph. Ant. 887 &7r?;s, but cp. Pomp. c. 45, 5 to v p.iv ivpCoTOv £k Aifivrjs, rov 82 Setirepou Ei)pu7n7S, tovtov 5Z rbv Te\evTalov air6 tt)s ’Adas with Arist. c. 9, 3 KpeiTTOv 5£ Admadat (?pyov) rd Aafieiv Iv rf/ Eiipw7r?; ttjv ’Aaiav Pericles’ project of a Pan- Ilellenic Congress at Athens— tire pro¬ fessed objects of which were partly religions, partly political— falls to the ground through the covert opposi¬ tion of Sparta. xvm 2 TTEPIKAHI 35 err) yeyovoTav eirepc^Oyaav, av irevre pev 'lavas /cal A apiels tovs ev ' Aula /cal vycriaTas a-XP L Aeaj 3 ov Kal PoSotz 7 rapeKaXovv, irevTe Be tovs 20 iv 'IdXXyairbvTa Kal ®paKy pexpt Bv^avTiov tottovs eiryeaav, Kal irevTe eirl tovtois els Boiarlav Kal QaKiBa Kal UeXoirovvyaov, eK Be ravTys Boa A oKpav eirl Tyv irpbaoiKOv yireipov eas ’A Kapvavias Kal Ap/ 3 paKias direaTaXyaav 25 ol Be Xoiirol Bi' E v( 3 olas eir Oiralovs Kal r ov 3 MaAtea koXitov Kal $duoras ’A^aiovs Kal ©ecnxaXo vs eiropevovTo, avpireldovTes levai Kal pe Tex^w Tav fiovXevpaTav eir elpyvy Kal Koivoirpayla t fjs E XXaBos. eirpdx@y ovBev 30 ovBe avvyXPov at 1roXeis, A aKeBaipoviav vire- vavTiadevTav, as Xeyerat, Kal to irpaTov ev IleXoirovvycra tt)s 7 relpas eXeyx@elays. tovto pev ovv irapeQepyv evBeiKVvpevos avrov to ( ppbvypa Kal Tyv peyaXotypoavvyv. XVIII ’Ez; Be Tats GTpaTyyiais evBoKipei pd- 163 XiaTa Bid Tyv daipdXeiav, ovTe pdxv ? Estimate of exovays iroXXyv dByXoTyTa Kal kivBv- ^‘lerai!’*** VOV eKOValas CL 7 ,TTOpevOS, OVT€ TOVS eK prominent, 5 tov ir apafiaXeadai xpV<™pevovs Ti>xy ^military Xapirpa Kal davpaadevTas as peydXous character - %rjXa> v Kal pipovpevos GTpaTyyovs, del Te Xeyav irpos tovs iroXnas, as oaov eir avTa pevovaiv addvaToi irdvTa tov XP° V0V - opav 2 10 Be ToXplByv tov ToXpalov Bid Tas irpo- CH. XVIII § 1 1. 5 irapaftaXtcrOai ci Si (Fu 131): wapafidWardai Bk vulffo 36 TTAOYTAPXOY XYIII 2 repov evTV%bas /cal Sba to Tbpaadab Sbacjoe- His opposi- pov TC09 i/c tw v iroXepb/coov avv ovSevl tion to tlie , , hasty and KCUpcO TTapacTK€VatoLL6V0V 6L5 JiobCOTiaV ill-prepared , „, f , expedition epBdXebV K.CLI 7 T 67 TCUCOTa TGOV €V T/Xb/Cba of Tolmides ' \ , / v , 1 intoBoeotia, roil? aOUTTOU? /Cat (bbXoTbpOTaTOV 9 is which was , v ' , ' / thought ^ eveXovTb (TTpareveadab, ^lXlovs yevo- thetime, pevovs avev rm dXXp 9 Svvdpews, kclt - brought him ' , „ v n in the end eyebV 67 T6LpCLTO KCU TTapa/CaXelv 6V TOO credit and ^ v ' , ' , / ( * goodwill, oppw, to pvp povevopevov ecTrrov, w?, disastrous et u?) 7 TeidoiTO Ilepi/cAet, tov ye crodxo - 20 issue became , f ' / ' r known. TCLTOV OV% apapTpcreTab CTVppOvXoV 3 dvapeiva 9 ^ povov . Tore p-ez/ ow /terptco? evSo- /clppae tovt elircav oXlyab? S' vaTepov ppepabs, W9 dvpyyeXdp Tedvedx; pev ai/Tos ToXplSps 7repl K opooveiav pTTp0el II epi- icXel peT’ evvotas So^av pvey/cev, to? dvSpl cjopovlpw /cal cfnXoTroXbTp. XIX T oov Se (TTpaTpyidov pyairpdp pev p 7 repl Xeppovpcrov avTov pdXbcrTa, aooTppbo 9 yevopevp tov ? avTodi /caTOi/covcri tcov f E XXpvoov’ ov yap povov eTrol/covs 'AOpvalmv ^bXiov 9 icoplcras eppooaev 5 evavSpca t «9 7roAet9, dXXd /cal tov Of his military campaigns that in tlie Chersonese was best liked; but that in the Corinthian lhnmost Sht obvyeva Sba^d/aas ipvpacrb /cal Trpo- homeand jBXppaabv e’/c OaXaTTps el? OdXaTTav abroad. d'/reTei'^bae Ta 9 /caTaSpopa 9 &pa/cwv twv § 2 1. 16 ideXovrl vulgo : edeXovri s ci Cobet, who also would read avoTparevovraL on tlie ground that such is the more proper expression for ‘lecti iuvenes sua uoluntate militantes ’ || 18 irapaariWav ci Bergk CH. XIX § 1 1. 9 OptfK&v twv ci Hn : rwu Qpv v XX 1 TTEPIKAHI 37 io rrepiKeyvpevcov rf) Xeppovijaw, Kal rroXepov 2 evBeXeyrj Kal ftapvv e^etcXeicrev, d> avveiye.ro 7 ravra rbv ypovov y ycopa, / 3 ap/ 3 apiKals dva- pepiypevrj yeirvidaeai Kal yepovaa Xparypicov opopcov Kal gvvolkcov eOavpaaOrj Be ical BtejBopdy »5 7 rpos robs e’/CTO? avOpatirovs rrepLrrXevcras IIeA,o- 7 Tovvrjaov, Bk Tlrjywv rf)*; M eyaptKrjS dvaydels ktcarov rpippeaiv. ov yap povov erropdyae rps 3 7 rapaXias 7 roXXrjv, cos T oXpiBrjs rrporepov , dXXa teal 7 roppeo dccXarrys irpoeXdbov rots a 7 ro rwv 20 yew!/ birXirats robs pev aXXovs els to reiyi] avveareiXe Belaavras abrov rpv ecfooBov, ev Be Nepea Xikvcovlovs vrroardvras teal awd^jravras pdyrjv tcara Kpdros rpe-yfrapevos earpere rpbrratov. he. B' 'Ayalas cjilXrjs ovcrps ar par mot as dvaXa/ 3 bov 4 25 et? ra? t ptppets etrl rrjv tivnirepas ryiretpov eKoplady tc 3 gtoXm, Kal rvaparrXevaas rov A yeXdtov ’ A.Kapvaviav KareBpape Kal Kare- KXetaev O IvtdBas els to relyos Kal repcov rrjv yy)v Kal KaKcbaas dirrjpev eV’ olkov, (f)o/ 3 epos pev 30 Ravels rocs rroXepiots, dacftaXys Be Kal Bpaaryptos rols 7 roXlrats. ovBev yap ovB' iirro rvyrjs rrpba- Kpovapa crvve/ 3 r) rrepl robs arparevopevovs- XX Et? Be rov Tlovrov ela^rXebaas crroXco peydXco Kal KeKoapypevco Xaprrpws rat? His expe(Ji . pev 'EjXXpvlai rroXeatv wv eBeovro pontus !' 6 Bteirpdigaro Kal rrpoayveyOt] cpiXav- appeared § 2 1. 15 avOpib-wovs < paXiara > ci Bergk || els lleXoiroi'uyjdoi’ ci AJacob § 3 1. 18 7 ro\\-/jv ci Emperius (Si Fu Bl): ir6\i v v § 4 1. 28 OiVidSas ci Si (Do Bk Fu Bl): OfredSas Ko v 38 TTAOYTAPXOY XX 1 with an imposing force and settled all the matters about which the Greek cities had petitioned him, and left a force under Lamaclius before Sinope. Opconco ?, Tot? Be irepiOiKovo'i fiapfidpois 5 edveat, teal f3aaiXevcriv avrwv Kal Bwaarais eKeBel^aro pev rfjs Bvvdpews to peyedos teal tt/v aBeiav teal to dapaos, 17 fiovXobVTO KXeovTcov Kal Traaav v(f avTols 'KeKOLppevcov rpv ddXaaaav, 10 ^iv( 07 rev(ri Be TpicncaiBeica vavs direXiKe pera A apdyov Kal aTparuoTas eVt 2 T cppcrlXecov rvpavvov. e/C 7 reaovTO pav rjv Kpo- Tepov 01 t vpavvoL Karetyov. TaXXa B ’ ov crwe^copei Tat? oppals twv 7 roXi- twv, ovBe avve^eTTLTTTev viro pcbprjs Kal tv^tjs ToaavTrjs eiraipopevwv Alyvirrov 2° T 6 irdXiv dvTiXapfidveaOaL Kal Kivelv TTjS ftacrLXews dp%rjs t a irpos daXdaap. 3 7 roXXovs Be Kal %CKeXlas 6 Bvcrepcos e’/cetz/o? rjBrj Kal BvcTTrorpos epa>s dl^ev, ov varepov e^eKavaav oi 'Kepi tov ’ AAKbjBidBpv ppropes • rjv Be Kal 25 T vpprjvla Kal K ap^rjBcbv ivlois ovetpos, ovk uk eX 7 rlBos Bid to peyedos t rjs vKOKeLpevrjs rjyepovlas Kal r rjv evpoiav tu> v Kpaypdrwv l XXI dXX ’ 0 UepiKXf/s Kajelye t rjv eKBpoprjv ravrrjv Kal TrepLeKoirre t rjv TroXvirpay- Peiicles f \ \ -* r* had enough aoaWVV Kal T a TTXeuJTa T ?)9 ovvapea>s to do to , v \ n r> ' keep the erpeirev et? mvXaKrjv /cat pepaioTrjra Lace- J t t ' > >/ r / daemonians tmv vnapyovTwv , peya epyov ijyovpevos 5 in check, as , . a C' / \ the events aveipyeiv AaKeoaipoviovs /cat oAw? But he was opposed to other wild and illusory schemes of 164 conquest, which were in vogue at the time. XXII 2 FTEPIKAHS 39 07reoaoTtooaeoo? eiceivois, cos d Wot? re of the ' , „ v Sacred War 7 ToWot? eoetfe kcu paALGTa to t? nepL proved. too iepov 7 Tpay8eicn KoAepov. eVet yap ot 2 io AateeSat/tootot arparevaavres et? AeA(/>oo? t&Mteeoio eyovT(ov to Iepov AeAot? airehwKav, evdvs etceLvwv diraAAayevTwv o Hepc/cArjs eiri- aTparevaas 'kiiK.lv elapyaye too? ‘Etwteea?. teat twv Aa/ce 8 aip.ov((ov rjv eSco/cav avrols A eAfj.^voi A ci Xylander (Ko Si Do Bk Fu Bl): iKTreTo\(/XT)fj.{uoi v || 7 urpana TleKoirovvT]a• /cat tci%v hiafydeipas %pppiaaiv avTov 67 reiaev i/c t/)? ’ATTt/079 anrayayelv tod? 20 IleXoTroDZ'^crioi/?. co? 8’ inre^doppcrev p arpana /cal hieXvdp Kara 7roXet?, / 3apeu> 9 (pepovTes ol Aatcehcupiovioi tod /tez/ /SaertXea ^ppphacriv e^ppiLtoaav, wv to 7 iXpOos ovk e^cov e’/CTtcrat peTecrTpcrev 25 kavTov etc Aa/cehaipiovo ‘tov he K Xeav- hpihov cfrevyovTos Odvarov KaTeyvwaav. oiitos h’ rjv Trarpp YvXlttttov tov irepl 5 uceXlav 'AOpvatovs KaTcnroXepLijcravTO'i. eouce h ’ wcnvep avyyevacov avTu> Trpoa- 3 ° TpiijracrOcu vocrppia r pv e^bXapyvpiav p cfvjav;, vcj)' p 9 /cat auTO? alaxpco'i eVt /caXot? epyots aXoo? e^eireae tz}? —7 rdpTp<;. Taora /tez/ odd eV Tot? 7rept Avcrdvhpov 1 hehpXdvcapbev. XXIII too Se ne/Jt/cXeoi/? eV ^ ^ tco tz}? o’Tparpyia^ diroXoyicrpiw he/ca employment TcCXdvTWV dvdXaaa ypdidravTo^ dvrfXm- of money , , v , <■ on secret pcevcov et? to oeov, o oppcos aireoe^aTO service * lie ' reconquers pip TToXvTTpaypLOVpaaS /XT? S’ eXey£a? 5 TO aTTOpppTOV. eVLOi S’ IcTTOpp/CaUlV, wv e’aTt /cat ©eotppaaTos o e^tXocroc^o?, OTt /ca0’ e/ca i « / \ owners ettl rou? ucpeaTtoTa '> t parropb6vo<; Kai expe ned 15 Sta/ 3 d? et? E vftoiav TrevTr/KovTa vaval chaicis. /cat irevraKLayLKLOL^ 07rXtVai? /care- treatment arpe^JraTO rd? 7 roXet?. /cat XaX/ct8eaif 1,1 * Ilbtiaea ' /u-ev tod? L7T7T o {3 otccs Xeyopbevov '? ttXovtm /cat £0^/7 SuMfrepovTas etje/3a\ev, 'Ecrrtet? Se 7rai/Ta? 20 dvaaTrjcras etc t?/<; ycopas 'Adpvabovs /caTm/ctcre, p,ovob<; Tovroif dTrapaLTpTtoS yprjadpbevos, on 165 i/at/f *Att ikt\v alypuiXcoTov Xaftovres dirkicTeivav tow avhpas. XXIV ’E/c tovtov yevopbiveov gttov- 1 Scot' 'Adrjvabovi teal Aa/ceSat/toi/tot? et? ott] TpicucovTa yfr7)(pt^eTcu top et? Zap,ov ttXovv, dLTiav Trobrjcrdpbevos kclt avTwv, 5 OTt toz/ 7 rpo? M1X771x101/9 /ceXei/o pbevob &ia\v II AaTwvos, el ical pteTa 7 ratSta'i 35 tcl TrpwTa yeypaiTTat, toctovtov 7 ’ lerTopta ? evecTTtv, otl Bo^av el%e to yvvatov eVl prjTopticfj 5 ttoWois ’A drjvatcov opttAetv. cpatveTat ptevTot ptdAAov epcoTua) rt? 9; tov TlepticAeov \ o>\ * \ > i , paralos. avve^eoco/cev, avrov ecrrep^e Bia/pepovrcos. /cal yap e^coov, 6 w? a 7 rporepov. rjv Be ^Go/cal's to y evo?, 'ddpporipov 70 0 vydrpp‘ ev Be rfj pd^p K vpov rreaovro^ drr- a^Oeiaa 1rpos ( 3 acnAea rrXelcrrov Larvae. T avra pev eireX0ovra rfj pvppp Kara rpv ypacprjv drrdcracjdai /cal rrapeX0elv ’icrcos drrdv- 1 0p(i)7rov rjv. XXV t ov Be 1 rpo<; 'Zapiovs rroXepov Alleged alricovrai pdXicrra rov UepiKXea r]rp- thewar (f)icraa0at Bia M iXpaiov; ' Aarraaia0vs drrearpaav, e/c/cXe^fravro 9 avrov > T 009 opppov 9 Iltcrcroo^pou /cal raXXa rrapaa/ceva- XXVI 2 TTEPIKAH2 45 Second expedition under Pericles. Decisive victory of the Athenians over the Samian fleet off the island Tragiae. aavros 777109 tov TroXepov. avOis ovv o Tlepi- 25 «Xt) 9 etjeTrXevaev eV’ aitTou?, ov% yav- %d£ovTas 0 vhe KaTeTTTyyoTas, dXXa Kal 7 raw irpodvpMS eyvMKOTa<; dvTi- X apfidiveadai T79 OaXaTTys. yevo- pevys he Kaprepds vavpa^las irepl 30 1/ycrov, yv T payias KaXovcn, XapirpMs 0 II epL/c\p<; ev'uca recrcrapcn Kal reaaa- paKOVTa vavalv e/ 3 hopyKovTa KaTavavpa^yaa e’iKocn aTpaTLMTihe ye ttm? eVt ToXpwvras eirePtevai besieges v - , v 3 t Samos. /cat hiapayecrdai irpo tov Tei^ovs. eirel Third s Se peccant eTepo<; ctoAo? yXdev Ik tmv from , . a v ' „ , Athens. AUyvMV Kao 7 rapTeXco? KaTeKXeurdycrav During the 'v 1 ' „ v 'tt - rw blockade Of Xapioi, Xapcov 0 IleOffcXt)? ePvKOVTa Pericles sets / >r , , r \ , out to inter- t pttyoet? eirXevaev et? tov etco 7 tovtov, ceptthe , x , „ , m Phoenician w? yttep of TrXeiaToi Xeyovcr 1, ^Poiviaaoiv fleet, which - > / „ , was ex- 10 vewv eTTLKOVpMV TOt? Xafftof? TTpOCT- pected to be , / , ' , on its way (pepopevMv airavTycrai Kai oiaywvLcra- to help the crdai 7 roppcoTaTco fiovXopevos, &>? he STyo-ipfipoTOS, eVt Kt/ 7 rpop aTeXXopevos- drrep 2 od hoKei 7 ri 0 avov eivai. oiroTepM h' ovv e%py- 15 craTO tmv XoyicrpMv, dpapTelv eho£e. irXevaav- to? yap avTov MeXfoxTo? 0 ’Idayevovs, avyp c pcXbaocf)o ? aTpaTyyMV t ore Tt)? iZdpov, KaTa- (f>povyaa i i Tt)? oXiyoTyTos tcop pewp t) t?)? direipias tmv aTpaTyyMV eTreiae tov<; 77-oAtVa? emOeaQai CH. XXVI § 2 1 . 15 d 7 ro 7 r\e!/ofievy<; fid^ys viKyaavre<; 20 ot Sd/uoi, real 1 toXXov<; fie v avrwv dvhpas eXovre^, 7roAXa? Se vavs 81a- (pdeipavres, i^pedvro r fj OaXdaay Kal TrapeTidevTO tmv dva^Kaicov irpos top 'iroXefiov oaa fiy rrpdrepov el^ov. 25 VITO 8'e rod M eXlaaov Kal Uepi/cXea cpyalv avr'ov 'ApiaroreXys yrryQyvai vavfia^ovvra rrpdrepov. oi 8e Sap-tot too? al^fiaXcorovi redv ’A Qyvaicav dv 9 v- They brand (3pL^OVTeacu too? iv evTTaQeiais rial yivopevovs XevKrjv ypepav eKeivrjv airo tov Xev- kov Kvdpov irpocrayopeveiv. ’ , E^>opo9 Be Kal 3 pr\yavalopHTON. tovto pev ovv ri paKXei- Brjs 0 II ovtikos eXey^ei t 00 ? ’A vaKpeoviot 25 Tronjpacriv, iv ot? 0 TTepic{)dpHTOc ’A pTepwv ovopd- %eTai 7 roXXais epirpoadev yXiKiai? tov irepl ^dpov TroXepov Kal twv irpaypaTwv eKeivwv. tov B' ’A pTepwvd (j) 7 ](T 1 Tpvcpepov Tiva tw / 3 iw 1 Kal 7 rpo? too? o/3ou? paXaKov ovTa Kal KaTa- 3 ° irXr\ya Ta ttoXXci pev oikol Kade^eaOai, %aXKijv ch. xxvil § 2 1. 13 Bergk ci \axbvn || 14 rpvxoptvoiv ci HSauppe (Fll 111) cl Thuc. I 126, 8 Tpvxopevoi rrj irpoaeSpeia : paxopbvwv v || 16 yivoptvovs ci HSauppe : yevopAvovs v § 3 1. 19 davpatxTah ci Madvig (Ill 2 ): davp6.ao.vTa. F 11 v || 20 TrapivTos : iropbvros ci Ilk : 7 roplfrovros Ko 48 TTAOYTAPXOY XXVII 4 darvlda Tr)s rce(j)a\r)? apa row? rpirjpdp^ov^ ical rod 9 iirifidra*; rwv %ap.lwv els rrjv M iKrjalwv dyopav icarayaywv ical aavlai rrpoadrjaas icf)' rjpbepas Se/ca kclkw 9 r/S?/ dta/ceipievovs 15 7 rpoaera^ev dveXeiv, l^vXois ras KecpaXas avytcd- ■ty'avras, elra 'irpofiaKelv d/cpdevra ra awpara. 3 Ao0pt9 /xez^ ow 00S’ oirov pcrjdev avrw rvpdaeanv ’Idiov 7ra^09 elw 9 w}? 7raTplBo dav/T-aara ci Reiske || 33 £££ia : fi£ios ci Fuhr || 41 kclv pipoicn ci Reiske, which he thus explains: tam es expudoratae et perfridae frontis, ut, quamvis sis anus, tamen nil te pudeat unguentis uti. In ista oris tui foeilitate et in isto aetatis marcore, tamen aflectas mores prostibulorum : Bergk also ci cn> k&v in Pod. hjr. ed. 4 E 50 T7AOYTAPXOY XXVIII 5 T OVS ITpCDTOVS KCll BwaTMTCbTOVS 'ImVMV eXovTOS. ical ov/c rjv dBb/cos ?/ d^bMabS, «A,A’ ovtms ttoXXtjv dBr/XoTrjTa /cal p-eyav ecr^e /cbvBvvov 6 7roXepbos, elirep, co? ®ov/cvBbBi)<; (f)7]al, Trap' eXd^baTov 50 ?;\#e liapbicov ?; 7roXt9 drt] tuiv K i/j-uvoi vidv, r<3 fth 9/v kt\ ci Bergk Pericles compared 6 himself with Agamem¬ non. His pride was justified, for lie delivered Athens from a real danger. Origin of the Peloponne¬ sian War. Feud between Corinth and Corcyra. The Athe¬ nians send succours to Corcyra. The scanti- " ness of their force attri¬ buted to the j ealousy of Pericles towards its commander, who was a son of Cimon. XXIX 5 TTEPI KAHX 51 ’A p/caBc/cr/s yeyovevac. kclkms ovv o Uepc/cXf/s cucovmv Bed ra<; Beica ravra 9 Tw , 1]ly Tpcppea, &)? pucpav pev ( 3 01}decay Tots' ^esh^ps 25 BeriOelcrc, peydXriv Se 7 rpocbaacv xotV wards sent , ' ' , r , „ by Pericles ey/caXovac TTapea^rjKw^, eTepas avocs earecXe TrXeiovas els tvv K epccvpav, ai tl|B sea-figiit V V / ,,, . / (off Sybota). /xeTa t rjv pa-^py acpucovTO. %aXeTrcu - vovac Be Tot? Koyotp^tot? /cat KaTpyopovcn tmv 30 ’ AOrivaccov iv Aa/ceBacpovc TrpocreyevovTO 7 n , / ” / “si „ Complaints Me , yapet 9 , acrccopevoc iraaps ^aep ayopas, oftheCorin- / rv\ / „ 11/1 a t Ilians, TTaVTMV oe XipeVMV, MV AtIpvacoc Megarians „ „ _ v , / n and others KpccTovaiv, ecpyecruac /cat aireXavveadai ofthebreach v v V 5W VI of treaty on Tcapa ra ccocva buccua kcu too? yeyevv- the part of ' " « -/n u » 5 - Athens - 35 pevovs op/covs rocs i^Wpacv. AcycvejTcu Be Kcucovadcu Bo/covvres ccal (Bcaca 'Kcuryecv eiroT- vcmvto Kpvcpa 7 rpos tovs Aa/ceBcupovLovs, (payepco 9 ey/caXecv tols ’ Adpvacocs ov dappovvres . ’Et/ Se tovtco teal YloTelBaia, ttoXcs virrjKoos 40 ' AOpvatwv cittockos Be Kopcvdccov, citto- R evo itof t TTaaa KacTroXcopKovpevp paWov eirera- 'Xyye tov iroXepov. ov ppv dXXd irpea- ( 3 ecwv re TvepivopevMv ’Adrjva^e /cat tov hare been 1 ftaaiAecos tmv Aa/ceBatpov lmv 'Ap%c- thenbut for 45 Bdpov Ta 7 roXXa tmv ey/cXppaTMV els of Athens'to BiaXvaecs dyovTos teal tovs avppct^ovs decree U e TTpCCVVOVTOS, OVK CLV Boccel avpirecrelv Megara, on vi to ye tmv oXXmv ccctcmv 6 iroXepos greatest' 16 Potidaea accelerates the war, which how- § 4 1. 32 iravTuv B1 vulgo : airavTwv S (Fu AJacob) || 36 piau S F a || 39 Ilo-reiSaia Blass 2 AJacob : IIoTlSata Fu vulgo § 5 1. 42 irptapuGsv re B1 v : Kal irpecrPeiQv Fulll’ with S F a || 47 SoKei con* x (Si Fu Bl): (56ku S F a v 52 TTAOYTAPXOY XXIX 5 TOi? 'Adrjvaiois, el to y\ng(^bapba Kade- \elv to M eyapiKOV eTreiaQpaav Kal 50 BbaWayyvab 7 rpo<; avTovs. Bbo Kal fidXuTTa 7rpo? tovto UepbKXr)9 eoiKev, avTw Kal IBla 7 rpo<; to 1/9 MeYapeA anre'^deba- KOLVTjv Be Kal cpavepav irobycrdpevo'; aWiav KaT avTwv diroTepveadab Tyv lepav opydBa ypdcj>eb -^rpcpbapa KppvKa Trepcpdr/vab irpos avTov<; Kal 15 777309 AaKeBaipbovlovs tov avTov KaTrjyopovvTa 1. 54 tovs Meyapeis B C SF a (Fu Bl 2 ) : Meyapels v || cpikovLKlq. Fu B1‘" : cpiXoveadq. B1 1 V CH. xxx § 1 1. 1 TTpeafieias acpLyp.li’-ps ci Br (Ko Si Do Bk Fu Bl): irptafiewv dcpiypivwv ci St : -rrptaplecs acpiypevovs v || 7 Cobet ci iva for nvd, as in Latin unus e legates would be said, not legatorum aliquis § 2 1. 16 KarepovvTa ci Cobet 1 quod in ea re solemne et l'egitimum verbum est et saepe a scribis corrumpi solituui,’ pronouncing KarriyopoCvra wrong because tlie future participle is required. Koraes also notes ixpavov dv e? 7 re “ KaTiqyoppcrovTa ” Spartan Embassy to Athens. Pericles had a personal enmity against the Megarians, but the alleged ground of complaint was their occupation of the 1 Tem¬ ple land.’ stress was laid by the Peloponne¬ sians, but it was as strongly opposed by Pericles. XXX 4 TTEPIKAHS 53 rwv Meyapecov. rovro ptev ovv to TTept«:A.eoi'? ear tv, evyvu>ptovo<; teal cf)iA- avdpwirov Bt/catoAoyias e^optevov' errel zo B' 6 7 rep,(f) 0 el<; /crjpv^ 'Avdep< 6 icpiro<; atria rwv M eyapewv tnrodaveiv eBo^e, ypacket ■^rpefnapa tear avrwv Xapivos darrovBov p,ev eivat teal tucrjpvicrov eydpav, o? B' av imfor} r r}? ' Arruct)^ M eyapewv 25 davdrw ^ypuovadat, rovs Be arparrj- yovs, orav optvvwat rov rrdrptov op/cov, irroptvvetv on ical di,? dva trav eVo? ei? t rjv yieyaptKTjv ept/SaXovat • rarjvat S' ' AvOepto/cptrov rvapa ra? &ptaaia<} 30 7roXa?, at vvv A lttvAov ovoptd^ovrai. M eyapeis Se rov ' AvOepto/cpirov (povov (iTrapvovpevot to? alriaepovcn to) II epiKXei. irXpv oi pev isgeneraliy* e/c (f>p0VTjpaT0S peydXov pL€TCl yvcoprjS 5 it\vas hat Kara to fiekTLGTov aTTLa^vpLaaaOaL Pericles who / > / « > <> / \ / prevented (pCLdiV CLVTOV, TTELpCLV EVOOCTECOS TO 7 TpO(T- '‘various Taypa /cal ttjv avyyjiyppaLV e^opoXo- assigned for yv aLV da 6 eve Las rjyovpevov oi Be ofhis. Ctl ° n paXXov avdaBeLa tlvI Kal (piXoiutcLa io 7 rpos evBei^iv ia^yos 7repuf)povfj&ai 2 AaKeBappovLcov. 7 ) Se %eipLet,BLas 0 TvXdaTr] s of all was €pyo\a/3o 9 /X6P rjv tov ayaXpLCLTOS, 15 which MO'irep elppTai' ipiXos Be tg> II epacXel was made to yevopevos Kal peyiCTTOV Trap’ aVT(o play a part. ' v \ * , , v „ owyueis to vs pev oi avTov eayev e^Opovs (j)0ovovpevos, oi Be, tov Bppov i toiov- pevoi 7 relpav ev eKeivcp ttoIos tls eaoiTO tu> 20 TlepiKXei KpiTr) 9, M evcova Ttva twv QeiBLov avvepycov ireLaavTes LkLttjv ev dyopd Ka0L£ovaiv aiTOvpevov aBeiav eirl ppvvaei Kal KaTyyopla 3 tov QetBLov. TrpoaBetjapevov Be tov Bypov tov dvOpcoiTov ev eKKXpata Kal yevopJvps Buv^ecos, 25 cn. XXXI § 1 1. 7 irpoarayp-a vulgo : irpayp-a. S F a . There is the same confusion between these words in Demosth. c. 3, 2 where N has incorrectly irpaypa for the vulgate irpharayna || 11 fySei !-iv laxvos C (Ko Si Do Fu B1 2 ): 2v8ot;ov lax'jv vulgo Bl 1 § 2 1. 18 ir oWovs V& ci Bergk [| avrbv vulgo : airiv S || 20 ns vulgo : rd (sic) S F a || Tip II epu<\ei S F ;l (Si Fu Bl 2 ) : llepi- k\ ei St Ko Do Bk Bl 1 v 1 XXXII 1 TTEPIKAHI 55 icXo7ral pep ou/c yXeyyopTO’ to yap ypuaiop oura? eudus e£ dpyys tco dydXpaTb irpoaeip- yucraro /cal 7 repiedijicev 6 t&eiSia? ypcbpy tou Ilepb/cXeous, ware tcclp duvarov elvat TcepbeXoucTbP 3 o dnTohel^ai top aTadpop, o teat tote too? icaTy- yopovs i/ceXeucre Trobelp 0 Tlepb/cXys' y be 8o£a 4 tmp epycop iirle^e cpdopco top < £>eb8bap, /cal pdXbcrO' otl Typ 7 rpo? ’Apat^c/pas pdyyp ep TTj d(nrb8b 7 robcop avrov Tipa popepyp epeTUTTu/cre 35 7 rpea/3vTov (f>a\a/cpov irerpop eiryppepou 8b dpcfroTepeop tmp yebpwp, /cal tou II epb/cXeous ei/copa 7 ray/caXyp epedy/ce payopepou 7 Tpos ’Apa^opa. to 8e ayypa r/}? yebpos, dpaTeb- poverys 8opu irpo Tys oyfreMS tou Tlepb/cXeous, 40 irenobypepop eupyydpMS olop eirb/cpuiTTebp /3ou- XeTab Typ opobOTyTa irapacpabpopepyp e/caTepcodep. 'O pep oup < l>eb8bas et? to 8eapco- Imprison . 6 / 5 /i \ i -* / f r ment and T7]ptov airayyeis ere\evT7](Te voarjeras, co? death of 8e (pacrbP epbob, (f>appd/cob<;, evl 8ba/3oXf) 11 45 tou Tlepb/cXeous tmp eydpMV Trapaa/ceuaadpTMP. tm 8e pypuTy M epwpb ypd^jrapTos TXukmpos aTeXebap 0 8ypo<; e8a>/ce /cal irpoaeTa^e rot? cTpaTyyobS eitbpeXeladab Tys dacf/aXelas tou dpO pMTTOU. XXXII Ilept 8e toutop top ypopop ' Acnracrba § 3 1. 25 4v tia<\ris v || 26 ■fj\4yx 0VT0 ci Orelli Schafer (Si Do Bk Fu Bl) : i\4yovr 0 St v || 29 nav Si Bk B1 AJacob v : 7TGI.VV S F a (St Ko Fu) § 4 1. 34 aiiToO v : avrou S || 36 /cal tou 11epiK\4ovs S’ ci Bl 2 §5 1. 46 Ai'/ca/ros or TXa/'i/ca /vos ci Bergk OH. XXXII § 1 1. 1 ’A(T7raffi'a ci Reiske 56 TTAOYTAPXOY XXXII 1 legal pro¬ ceedings against Aspasia as an atheist, and pro¬ curess. Biktjv eepevyev aaefieias, 'Fipfu,L7r7rov tov KcopwBo- Herraippus 7 roiov Buokovtos Kdl TrpoaKdTr/yopovv- To?, &>s TlepiKXei ywai/cas eXevOepds eh to av to c^otrcocra? inroBe^oiTO. ; Kal -^njcpiapd AioTreiOrjt; eypayjrev eladyyeXXeaddi too? ra 0eia py vophovTd? rj Xoyov* > irepl twv peTdpalcov The temper BiBciaKovTds, cnrepeiBopevot > eh Ilept- ha\dng P been “Xed Bl ’ Avd^dyopov ttjv invovoidv. Be^opevov Be tov Bypov Kdl npoaiepevov ra? Bia/3oXd<> ovtco 9 7)817 -p'ycpicrpd KVpOVTdl, ApdKOVTlBoV y pd'p'dVTOS, 07T&)? through 0L 7i°yoi tcov ^pypdTcov viro IT epiKXeovs eh too? 7rpvTcivets cnroreOelev, ol Be Bi/cdcrrdl Trjv tyycpov cnro tov {3a>pov epepoPTes ev rfj noXei Kplvoiev. "Ayvcov DracontPes, TOVTO pev dpeiXe TOV 'p-ypia pdTOS, subse- WaS tcpivecrddi Be Tyv BUyv eypa^pev ev modified by OLKddTdh %iXiOl ? Kdl TVeVTdKOdioi^, ■■ ment n of d " e ^ Te KkOTCrp Kdl BlOpCOV 61T dBlKLOV Hagnon. /3ovXoiTO Tt5 OVOpd^eiV TT]V BUo^lV. 3 ’Acrirdaldv pev ovv e^yTyadTo iroXXa 7Tdvv Acquittal irdpd Tyv Bhyv, &)? Al 9 . Se 8 lcl ctetS/oi) TTpoaeirTcucre tu> 8i)p,cp, of3r)9eL$ to 30 BiKaaTijpiov peXXovTa rov iroXepov /cat vTroTvcpopLevov e^e/cavaev, eXirl^cov 8 ca- cnceBucreLV t a ey/cXppaTa ical rairei- vcoaecv t ov cj) 6 ovov, iv irpaypaai peydXoi<; ical klvBvvov; t/}<; 35 e/celvco peovep 8 id to d^lcopca ical rpv 8 vvap.iv dva 6 elay<; eavTijv. under these attacks and against him and his present insecure position. Political and selfish motives assigned by some for his refusal to yield to the demands of the Lace¬ daemonians. At pcev ovv alriaL, 81 a? ovk e’laaev 170 evBovvai Aa/ce8aLpovloc<; t ov Br/pov, avrai XeyovTac, to 8 ' dXrjdes aBrjXov. XXXIII ol 8 e l A a/ceBaipovioL yLyvwcncovTe<; ax; eicelvov T ] ie Lace . KaTaXvOevTos el 9 7 rdvTa pLaXaiccoTepoa; XppaovTaL tol 9 ’A drjvaloLS e/ceXevov 5 avTov<; to dyo<; iXavveiv to KvAcoveiov, a> to pir/Tpodev yevo<; tov TlepiicXeov 9 evo^ov rjv, o>9 ®ovkv 818 t)<; laTopyj/cev. rj 8 e 7 reipa 7 repceaTT] t ot? 7 rep-^raaLV els TovvavTiov' (IvtI yap vTroyfrlas ical 10 8ia/3oXr)s 0 II epucXfjs eTi pel^ova ttmtlv etr^e ical Tippv 7 rapci tol; 7ro\m«9, a)? puiXiuTa puaovvTwv ical V ’ ’A p^oSdpoOV TOV j3aCU- under Archi- XeO>S pyoVUeVOV. Kao &VOVVTe<> TVV 25 Acharnae % CO P aV 7r porjXdoV 6t? ’A/^appa? Kal hoping to KaTeaTpaTOTrehevcrav, &>? twp ’A dvvaocuv provoke the 1 ^ ^ Athenians ou/f ave^opoevcov dXX u7T opyps Kao engagement. typovppoaTOS Soapoa^OVpoevWV 7TpO? aV- 4 of Pericles too?. tcS §e Hept/cAet Seovov 6(baoveTO 3° and his v \r<~ / ' unflinching 7Tpo? TOO? etaKOCT LOVpOOVS UeX07r0VVV- steadiness v „ „ r' , , „ v amidst aocov Kao Uooootoov 07rXoTa<;{ToaovTOO ? BevSpa poev TporjdevTa Kal ko- 7 revTa cj)V€Tao t a^e&>?, ctvbpwv Be SoaopPapevTCOv avPos Tv^elv ov paboov ia to. Top be Srjpoov 0 et? eKKXijcriav ov avvrjye, beSows (3oaaPr)vao irapa 4° yvebporjv, dXX' coaTrep peai? Kv/3epv7]Tr]<; avepoov /taTtoPTO? e’p ireXdyeo Pepoevos eo nrdvTa Kal KaTaTeovas Ta oirXa ^prjTao t fj Tejpvp, bciKpva § 2 1. 18 8ia ^eviav S || 19 ij om S § 4 1. 31 elaKiopupi'ous v (St Ivo Si Bk Fu B1 AJacob) : i^aKia- XiXlovs S (Cobct Berglt) XXXIII 7 TTEPIKAHI 59 teal 8er]creis eVf/SaTWi' vavTLcovrwv Kal cpo/3ov- / > / p/ 5 « / >/ 45 fievcov eaaas, ovtco? e/C€ivo 9 to re aerrv avy- KXelaas Kal KaTa\a/3a>v iravra cpvXaKais Trpos acrcfpdXeiav i^ppro tois aurov Xoytap.ols, fipa^ea (f>povTL^(ov twv k aTa(3ocbv too v Kal 8v mv eiraayov ol irokeybob. Kal 15 yap ol ’jrepbrrkeovres ryv Tlekoirovvyaov yu/pav re 7 rokkyv Kcoyas re Kal 7roXet? puKpas Bbe r rop0ycrav, Kal Kara yyv avros ip.(3a\cov 171 els ryv kleyapbKyv ecj)0ebpe 7 rdcrav. fj Kal Bykov orb 7 rokkd pcev Bpcovres Kara 20 yyv KaKa rods ’ A 0 yvalovs, 7 rokka Be rvdayovre 9 inr eKeivMV eK 0 akdrrys, ovk av els pbyKos roaovrov irokepbov irpoi/ftyaav, dkka raye ms drrelrrov, Mcrrrep e£ dpyys 0 UepbKkys irpo- 25 Pericles despatches a fleet against Pelopon¬ nesus, but himself remains at home and does what he can to soothe the prevailing irritation. The Aegine- tans are expelled from their homes and their island occupied by eleruchs from Athens; Megara and many towns 2 and villages in Pelopon- nese are ravaged. The enemy had now suffered enough to make them wish to dis¬ continue the war; but the outbreak of the pestilence which was beyond yyopevaev, el yy rb Ba/pcoviov vrryvav- ch. xxxiv § 11. 7 l Trjv o\r)v in quibusdam scriptum est ’ St || 12 eypatpev B C F a S (Co Si 3 Fu Bl 2 AJacob Bergk): avtypapov St Ko Si 1 Do Bk Bl 1 v § 2 1. 18 ov p.LKpds S || 20 drjXov on St Bl v : Srfkov r\v otl C (Vulcob. Ko Si Do Bk Fn AJacob) || /card y r/v ko.ko. B F a S (Fu Bl 3 AJacob): xa/cd St Ko Do BP v XXXV 1 TTEPIKAHI 61 human fore¬ sight, baffled their hopes. This new and terrible disaster, which was attributed to the crowded state of the city, increased the popular resentment against Pericles. Ticodri Tot? dvQpwTrivois ’Xoyiap.ocs. vvv Be irpwTov p-ev rj Xoi^ooBt]? iveireae cf)dopa Kal Karevepbrjdri rpv aKpbd^ovaav 30 r)\tKiav /cal Bvvapuv vcf)' r )9 Kal ra acopaTa KaKovpevob Kal Ta? 'v^tr^a? 'jravTairaaLV yypbcodpaap 7 rpos top TL epiKXea, Kal Kaddirep larpov rj irarepa t fj voaw 1rapacppovijaapTes 35 dSiKelv eirey^elpyaav [«va] TreiaOevres viro tmv ey^OpSiv, a>? rrjv pep vbaov r) too ywpcTLKov 7 r\i']dov<} et? to da tv avp,(j)6pr]ai<; (nrepya^eraL, depovs wpa ttoWmv opov %vByp ev 4 OLKruxaab pbKpots Kal aKyvwpaab irvbyypol^ 4° rjvayKaapevwv BtabTciadab BiabTav obKovpov Kal dpypv civtI Kadapa 9 teal dvaireiTTapevi /? t?}? TTpOTepoV, TOVTOV B' (UTtO? 6 TW IToXepbp TOP dlTO T V$ X M l ° a? B'yXov et? Ta Teiy(r\ KaTay^edpevos Kal TTpob; ovBev dvd pd)irob<; ToaovToa %pcbpevo <>, dW' 45 ewv wairep /3oaKypaTa Kadeipypevov 9 dvairip- 7 rXaadab (fidopd'i dir' dWyXwv, Kal prjBepiav peTaf3o\rjv pr)B' dvayjrv^rjv GKiropi^wv. XXXV T avTa /3ov\opevo 9 laadab Kal tl 1 irapaXvirelv too? 7ro\epbov<; eKaTov The horrors Kal TrepTYjKovTa vav<; eirXypov, Kal ^ u “ 0 ^ hllu § 3 1. 33 Kal Kaddirep larpbv ci Rk (Ko Si Bk Fu B1 AJacob). Constructio est Kal eirexelpiT6- /3ov ovk iXaTTOva r ot? 77oAe/Lttot9 dvro roaavTi /? tcr^po? 7 rapaa^cov. r/By Be TreirXypGopiGvaiv twv veoov Kal tov IT epi- /cAe'op? dvaftefipKOTOs eVt Tyv eavTov io TpLTjpp tov p*ev I/Atop eieXiTvelv avveftij make him swerve from ? f ids purpose; ava/3i8acraaevo<; but he takes the command of another expedition to make reprisals on the Pelopon¬ nesians for the damage they had done to Attica. A solar eclipse Kai yeveadai <7/coto?, GKirXayrivai 8e j ust as they , , v , „ , „ 2 are setting 7TaVTa ? 0)9 77/00? /tteya arjp,GiOV. OpOOV Epidaurusis OVV 6 Ilepi/cA)/? 7T€pl(po/3oV TOV Kvftep- the first f \ r. / > / \ object of pj/tt/p Kai di7]7ropr]p,evov avea^e Tyv 15 their attack } y ^ \ hut they are yXaiAVOCL 7TOO TCO^ OWecoV CLVTOV KCJLI unable to A , , , / ? Be 40 ©eo^pacrro?, St/a/tua?' 0 Se ITozm/co? 'Hpa/cAetB?;? A a/cpaTeiBap eipp/ce. XXXVI Ta peev ovp Bppioaia t a^e&i? epceXXe iravaeadai, /caddirep /cevTpov et? tovto apca irXpyp top dvpcbp dcpec/coTcop tmp 7 toXXmp' to. S' oi/ceia pbo^dppM s C (Ko Cobet) § 2 1. 17 [6 Sdv0L-mros] ci Cobet || 21 e/roteiTO B F a S ci HSauppe Cobet (Fu Bl AJaeob): eVoi'ei Si Bk v. Cp. c. 38 1. 17 § 3 1. 23 KTeivavros F a S (Ko Fu): KaraKTeivavTos St Si Bk B1 AJaeob v || 25 tov f3a\6vTa /ttSAAov B F a S (Fu Bl 2 AJaeob): to v fiaKbvra St Ko Si Bk Bl 1 v XXXYIT 2 nEPIKAHI 65 li is friends and relatives, but on the death of his second son Paralus, he was entirely crushed by the blow. 5 7J06 i Kao ti)? vtto tmv avptyopMV, dXX' ovSe 4° KXaoMV ovre KpSevMV ovre irpos Tacf)0r] tmv dvajKaoMV, irpiv ye Si) Kal t ov TrepiXobiTov aiirou tcov yvrjaiMV vimv cnro/3aXeiv II dpaXov. eirl tovtm Se Kap Bypco TrepyjravTO<; reTpa- Kicrpvpiovs Trvpwv peBlpvovs eBei Bia- vepeadau too? 7roTuVa?, noXXal pev 25 dveipUOVTO BcKat TOt? VO0OLS €K TOO ypdppaTos eKeivov Teco? BiaXavOdvovat Kal TrapopwpevoLS, 7 roXXol Be Kal crvKocpavTypacn 4 tt epi€7TLTTTov. eirpadyaav S’ ooo dXov Te? oXlyw TrevTaKia-^iXlcov BXuttovs, oi Be pelvav Te? e’p t$ 3 o iroXirela Kal KpiOev Te? ’A OyvaioL pvpiot Kal TeTpaKtay^iXtoL Kal TeaaapaKOVTa to TrXydos 5 i^yTtiadyaav. opto? oop Beivov too /caTa, toctovtwv iayyaavTa top vopbov virep avTov i tuXlv IBia Xvdyvai too ypdiJravTos, y irapovaa BvvTvyja 35 ® At his re¬ quest the Statute about half- blood child¬ ren—which was his own ci'eation—is suspended in favour of his son Pericles, who after¬ wards suffered as one of the generals for the affair at Arginusae. 1. 15 Bl 2 and Jb follow Madvig in bracketing rbv oIkov so that €k\ltvol may be intransitive ‘ should fail,’ 1 become extinct.’ Cp. Lyc. c. 31, 4 08 reXeyrriaavros a rinvov rb yivos i^eXcnev, Rom. c. 18, 1 r ovvopa rr/s Tapirptas i^iXine § 3 1. 27 SiaXavddvoviTL nai napopupivoLS ci HSauppe (Fu Bl Jb) : ScaXavdavovcrai Kai napopdipevai v § 4 1. 29 S’ odv BF a S (Bl 2 Jb) : obv Si Bk Bl 1 Fu v § 5 1. 33 toO k. t. iax^travra rbv vdpov in avrov ndXiv ISiq Xvdrjvai ci Rk (Bl) : rbv k. t. i t pa^yXeo TrepiypTypevov, u>s crepoBpa KaKcbs e%MV, oiroTe Kal TauTTjv Inropevoi t rjv d/3e\Teplav. r/Brj Be 15 7r pos tm TeXevTav ovtos ai/Tov TrapaKaQypevoi 1. 36 nva vulgo : Uavqv ci Cobet || 39 dvepdaqra, non digna cuiusquam inscctationc ci Rk || avdpuirivuv B F a S ci Bryan (Bl 2 Jb) : di/dpun-Lvus St Si Bk Fu Bl 1 || 41 6-q KaWippoq ptv eiri xpo^V^droii k\Ivtjs dva.Kup.tvq . . . Xaiptas St airfi irapaKaffripevos ubi vulgatur wepiKaBqpevos : ‘irapd scilicet et irepl propter compendii similitudinem ubique teniere 68 TTAOYTAPXOY XXXVIII 3 TWV TToXlTMV 01 fieXTLCTTOl KCU T d)V (filXoOV Ot 7 repi 6 vre<; Xoyov erroiovvro rys apery? Kal ry ? hvvdpew?, bay yevoiro, Kal ra? 7 rpd^ei? dvepe- rpovvro kcu rwv rporralcov to 7 rXyOo?' evvea 'yap yv a (TTpaTTyywv Kal vikwv earyaev virep ry? 2 ° 4 7ToAeco?. ravra co 9 ovKen avvievro?, dXXd KaOypypevov ryv a’ladyaov avrov SieXeyovro rrpo? dXXyXov 9 * 0 8 e rvaaev ervy^ave r ov vovv TTpoaea^yKco? Kal (j) 0 ey^dpevo? el? peaov e(f>y 0 avpd^eiv, otl ravra pev erraivovaiv avrov Kal 2 5 His greatest pvypovevovaiv, a Kal 777709 rvyrjv earl 1 KOLva Kal yeyovev 77877 rroXXol? arpary- 7019, to Se KaXXiarov Kal peyiarov ov Xeyovaiv. “ OvSel? yap ” e9 dvyKearw. Kal poi doKei ryv peipaKicbS 77 Kal ao/ 3 apav eKelvyv rrpoawvvplav ev rovro iroielv dveirlcfidovov Kal rrperrovaav, 10 ovrw? evpeve? y 0 o? Kal f 3 lov £v e^ovala Kada- confundi solent’(Fu Jb) : •n-epiKo.drnj.tvoi St B1 v || 17 x 670 ns enoiovvTo < 7 repi> ci Cobet (Jb but substituting X 670 V) § 4 1. 26 7 rpooTvxv tori ci Bei'gk || 29 Cobet ci twv 7 toXltwv for rwv ovrwv and del ’A d-qvaLwv: ‘gloriatur Pericles civium neminem se accusante damnatum esse necatum ’ : £twv toooijtwv ci Bergk CH. XXXIX §11.5 einwv ws rwv ai/TOu ko\wv riyoiTO S F a XXXIX 4 TTEPIKAHI 69 pov kcll dplavrov 'OXvpTrcov 7 rpoaayopeveaOai, KadciTrep to tmv 6 ewv yevo ? d^/ovpev alnov pev dyadcbv, civclltlov Be kcucmv Tretfiv/cos apyecv 15 /cal f 3 acnXevecv twv ovtwv, ov% wairep ol 7 roirjral avvTapaTTovTes ppas dpaOearaTais 3 Bb£at,<; dXlaKovrac rot? avTwv pvdevpaac, rov pev T 07 T 0 V, iv a) tov$ Oeovs KaroiKelv Xeyovcnv, dacf)aXe<; eBo<; /cal dadXevrov /caXovv re?, ov 20 Trveiipacriv, ov vecpeai %pwpevov, dXX ’ aWpa paXa/cp /cal cf/corl /cadapwrarw t ov airavra Xpovov opaXcbs TTepCXapTTbpevov, a>? TocavrpB' dvdpd/TroLS vovv e^ovai 7 rpocr- p/cbvTcov. ’A XXd ravra pev fcrco? 4 €Tepa<; Bb^eu irpaypareia 9 eivai. t ov Be Ylepc- icXeovs t ayeiav aicrOpaiv /cal cracf)f) ttoOov 3 ° Adrjvaiois ive/pyd^ero ra 7 rpdypara. His great /caj, yap ol %wvto<; fiapvvbpevoi rpv “oTfuiiy * 6 Bvvapcv to s' dpavpouaav avrovs, evOvs untifafter i/c ttoBwv yevopevov ireipd/pevoi ppropcvv which 3 * 1 '’ ical Bppaywywv eripcov divcopoXoyovvro unfeigned 35 peTpiwTepov iv by kj/iac) when its superfluous length was pulled through the girdle round the waist and allowed to hang over it in a kind of bag.—See Lady Evans Chapters on Greek Dress p. 19. Page of Text 3 74 LIFE OF PERICLES I 1 3. d-yairoovTas, ‘fondling.’ Cp. tlie Homeric use of tpiXeiv, ‘ to treat kindly,’ ‘ to manifest affection for,’ If. vi 15, Oil. v 135. 4. Kalcrap: probably Caesar Augustus (6 ae^aarbs), with whose other utterances recorded by his biographer Suetonius (ec. 32, 42) the severe rebuke here administered was in keeping. u>s foueev, ut fertur, ‘as it seems,’ i.e. appears from the testimony of men, frequently so used by Pint., as c. 5, 1 ; c. 30, 2, Them. c. 3, 2, Arist. c. 3, 4 ; c. 5, G, Agis c. 21, 1, Tib. Or. c. 8, 4 ; c. 10, 3, Mor. p. 162 c. el . . . ov: indirect questions keep generally the tense and negative of the direct. So Sol. c. 29, 5 rjpujTrjcTev el Totroi'Twv ivdvriov ovk at’crxererai Tr/Xtsavra \pevSbpevos, Arat. c. 49, 2 IpuiTuiv tovs iroXXobs el vbpovs Kara tG>v ttoXXwv oIik ^x ovcr ^. But Pclop. c. 29, 7 toI/s Qy/Balovs epoirCiv el prjSbv avrols KaXbv irfwpaKTai 8 py kt\. , Caes. c. 56, 2 efiba el pySbv alSovvrai Xafiovres avrbv eyxeiplaai rots TraiSaplois, Cat. mi. c. 22, 5 el 5’ &XXy Try p.7] KaXtbs weirpaKrai ra irepl rbv yapov ivtOKeirTbov. 6. t|-yep.ovi.Kcos crcfxjSpa, ‘in a very imperious fashion.’ Pint, uses riyepilv for ‘chief magistrate’ or ‘emperor,’ Cic. c. 2, 1, Galb. c. 16, 3. to <)>vo-ei. i\r|TLKdv, ‘the natural pro¬ pensity to love.’ Cp. Sol. C. 7, 2 exoinrys n tt)s *pvxv s ayairy- tikov Iv eavrri Kai irecpvKvlas, wawep alodaveaOai Kai Stavoehrdai Kal pvypoveveiv, olirio Kai (piXeiv. 8. Ka.Tava\£crKovTas els, ‘lavishing,’ ‘wasting on.’ Cp. c. 23, 1, Mor. 351 A rb ivarov pbpos rod tov K ar av aX leiXdp.evov, ‘ whereas it (sc. rb tpvcrei (piXyriKov) is due to mankind.’ § 2 1. 9. ‘ i s ^ agreeable to reason,’ ‘ rational ? ’ Cp. Num. C. 4, 3 Kal 7rov Aoyov tov 6eov, ov (/uAunror ov5e tytkopvtv a\\a (biAdvOptonov ovra, tois Stafftepovrios dyaOots lOeAeiv trvvelvat, 0. 19, 2 aAAws Si Kal Soy o v eL\e tov Ma/mor "Apei KaStepuipev ov vtto tov 'PajjavAou 7r ptoTov ovopd^icrOat, Caes. c. 1, 2 evloiv AeyovTtov tvs ovk i x° l Aoyov diroKTivvvvai naiSa tt]Alkovtov. 11. tovs KaTaxp“pevovs tovt TrXofiTip pbSr/v Karaxpwpevos, Arat. C. 6, 5 peipaKiov els ySovas Kai irbrovs pedypeptvovs ra rys \pvxv s LpbSia Karaxph pev ov. irpos Ta pr]8epids &£ia cnrovSfjs, ‘for objects not deserving any serious attention.’ Cp. Nic. c. 7, 3 ipyov &^iov o"rrov8rjs, Crass, c. 28, 2 &xXov avppiKTov ovk a^ioiv ottov8t)s avdpojirwv. Observe that pr/Sepias is the normal usage, the expression being general and indefinite ; so Cat. mi. C. 46, 5 els ra pgbevbs a£ia (ppovrlSas Kararidlpevov. NOTES 75 I 4 13. T-fj . . . ai.cr6f|o-£i is not, as Sintenis takes it, dependent on 4 dvayx-q but, as t<3 vu> 1. 17, an instrumental dat. dependent on Beupeiv. Translate: ‘For whereas with sense, apprehending, as it does, by a merely passive impression the objects that fall in its way, we cannot help observing every sensible object, be it of use or not ; with his intellect, on the other hand, if he chooses to exercise it, a man has the natural faculty of turning himself from time to time and shifting with the greatest ease to what he pleases ’ (or ‘ according as he pleases ’). § 3 1. 19. to Sokovv is opposed to tCiv irpoaTvyxavbvrwv. Sintenis compares Demetr. c. 1 , 1 17 at a 6 -q S 7 T € TT O l' 0 € V* 20. w(tt€, quocirca. Wa . . . Tp€<|>'iTai t< 3 0€eh dvOgpa Xpoipara xai (iappara puyvuovcrir, 395 li iOabpaS'e tov x a ^ K °v T ° avdgpbv u>s irpooeotxbs fiaeprj xvdvov oriXfiovTos, Lucian Nigr. C. 13 rujv xpw/udroH' rb dvOgpov imaxoiirTovres. 23. Tpe€i, ‘sustains,’ ‘strengthens.’ 24. t( 5 x a ^P £lv ailrois, ‘ because of the delight it (sc. Sidvoia) takes in them.’ 25. irpos to olxctov a-ya0dv, ‘ to its proper good ’ i.c. to virtue and wisdom. Cp. Mor. 789 F ttjv pbvr\aiv ijs rb oixe’iov aya9ov xai riXeior iv ybpg. /roXis g (pvois dirobiSum. txKaXti, provocat. In this sense the middle only is found in Attic prose. § 4 1. 20. TavTa sc. ra Oedfiara. tois air’ aptTrjs, ‘ that spring from moral worth.’ Cp. c. 2, 3 tuiv dir’ aperrj s (dyadwv). 27. tfjX-ov, ‘ emulation.’ a-yaryov tls pipria-iv : cp. Mor. 384 F rfj ifneta'4ai, eVtat fie /eat zrpos rrvp ppepei/etr. tw/j fie erc-jparaji' 6 yi\vk ope'i'/ue Kat at \jjv\al zroAi/ appto aroTepat ytyro/'Tat. Kat aaxoAtas fie paAtcrra eyourrt Kat t/jtAajc Kat 7rdAew5 CTUJ/e7npeAeto'0ai, Aristot. Etll. End. 1, 4, 2. In ecclesiastical writers (Chrysostom, Clemens Alexandrinus) they came to signify the arts that minister to luxury and mere comfort. § 5 1. 35. KaXws (Ly. opdwi) goes with e^. ’Avti- trOevqs : Antisthenes of Athens (H. b.c. 366), the well-known pupil of Socrates, and founder of the Cynic school of philosophy. 36. Ismenias was a famous piper or player on the oboe, a native of Thisbe in Boeotia, where the ai)A& was the national instrument (Demetr. c. 1, 6, Pclop. c. 19, 1, 1/br. p. 334 b, p. 632 D, Ps.-Plut. Mw. p. 174 f, Lucian aefo. ind. c. 5, Aelian F271 iv 15, Max. Tyr. Zh'ss. c. 23, 2). It fell into disuse at Athens, because it distorted the face and did not allow the accompaniment of the voice, about the time of the Peloponnesian war, Aristot. Pol. p. 1341 b , 2 IT. Plato ex¬ cluded it from his ideal state (Rep. iv 399 d). The lines of an anonymous poet quoted by Athenaeus (viii 337 e) avSpl piv alX-pry pi deoi v&ov ovk evecpvaav aAA’ dp.a rip rpvarjv x“ v t>os iKirirerai, show in how little estimation it came to be held. Cp. Ale. c. 2. d\\& at the beginning of an answer introduces an objection. 37- po)(0qp6s, ‘good for nothing. ’ -yap, ‘or else’: el py avdpuiwos rjv poxdypos is implied. 39. eiriTepiroos, ‘charmingly.’ Num. c. 13, 5 y 8i dWy rys opxyaewi ttoSCov ipyov earl" Kivovvrai yap iirirepTruis eXiypods nvas ev pvdpip raxos %x 0VTi ■ ■ ■ diroSiSAvres. iv Tivi irorip, ‘at a drinking-bout’ ; cp. Timol. c. 15, 4 wapd ■wbrov Tiva, Plat. Prot. c. 32 aXAijAois avvelvai ev rw iriria. Distinguish tt&tos, potatio, ‘ drinking,’ from ttotSv, ‘drink.’ t6Xvik<5s, ‘with professional skill.’ 40. ovk alo-xvvr), nonne pudet te ? 41. apKel yap: the sentiment is Plutarch’s own and not, as Steplianus takes it, that of Philip. &v paut|s : c. 8, 1. 4. tov ev IHo-t) . . . Ai'a, the colossal ivory and gold statue of Zeus, in the prodomus of his great temple in the Altis or Sacred Grove of Olympia—the greatest work of the most dis¬ tinguished sculptor of antiquity (c. 13, 4). The god was repre¬ sented seated on a throne, which was itself a marvel of decora¬ tion and architecture. A detailed description of it is given by Pausanias v 11. Pisa is here identified with Olympia. Its inhabitants had originally the presidency of the Olympic games, hut they were deprived of it by the Eleans in b. c. 572, when their city was destroyed (Pausan. vi 22, 4). 6 . Polyeleitus of Sicyon and Argos (b.c. 452-412), whose cJief-d’oeuvre was his ivory and gold statue of Hera in her temple between Argos and Mycenae, intended to rival that of 78 LIFE OF PERICLES II 1 Zeus by Phidias, which, in the judgment of Strabo ( Geogr. viii c. 6, 10), it equalled in beauty, though in costliness and size ( 7 roXureXelp /ecu peylStt) it was inferior. Anacreon of Teos (Ionia) c. 530 b.c., the poet who sang of love and wine ; Philetas of Cos (Athenae. xn c. 77), the distinguished poet, a contemporary of Philip and Alexander of Macedon acc. to Suidas, of Ptolemy, son of Lagus, acc. to others. Only a few fragments remain of his poetry, which was chiefly erotic and formed a model for the Roman elegy, especially in the hands of Propertius ; see his El. m 26, 31 ; iv 1, 1 ; 3, 52 : v 6, 3. 7. Archilochus of Paros, who belonged to the first half of the seventh century b. c. , the oldest writer of satiric iambic poetry, was in ill repute on account of the unmeasured licence of his language. The three are coupled together, because their poetry, with all its art, had no good moral tendency. Plutarch is of course speaking relatively of these pursuits as compared with those of wisdom and virtue. § 2 1. 8. dva-yKQtov, ‘it is a necessary consequence.’ 9. d|iov cr-n-oi.'BfjS; c. 1, 2. ovSe, ne — quidem, ‘not either,’ ‘also not.’ 10. to. ToiauTa, c. 1, 4. irpos, ‘ in respect to. ’ 11. awaSao-^iminilsus intimo expedore suscitatus, ‘transport.’ For a like use of the word, cp. Clem. Alex. Strom. 11 c. 20 § 115 ed. Klotz uicTTrep ai araOvpLtdtrets at re yrjder a'i rt aTrb TubpaTOJU etc ofn'xAac aimtVrarrcu koL ee trapKtKtbv erndvixtuiv dva 6 oa-eis itpocrTptfiovTat rfj 4>vyf n § HO kmamoplirps Try xj/vyry rac etc Trj; em0vp.ias araSoaets. The word means sometimes ‘conversion of food into tissue,’ as Galen 243 », but the meaning, ‘digestion of know¬ ledge,’ assigned to it here by Liddell-Scott, is clearly out of place. They appear to have been misled by Wyttenbach, who from an oversight renders it in his Index ‘ lectionis quasi concoctio.’ 13. vats TTpd|£tn.v, ‘ by its actions,’ the actions in which it shows itself. Observe that stress is to be laid on evOvs, as in c. 11. 29. ot'TV) SiaTcGtjcrLv oocttc, ‘puts (one) in such a frame of mind that.’ Cp. Ti. Or. c. 16, 2, Arat. c. 46, 2 Trapa.\afFk>v avrov ouTtos Sil&ijKev ware TroWrjs ehvoias Trpbs aurov poarov airoareTKai. § 3 1. 15. t&f p.ev yap ktX., ‘we love the possession and enjoyment of the goods of fortune, but of those which are the results of virtue we fall in love with the acts which produce them and we like others to benefit at our hands by them.’ 19. to yap KaXbv . . . irap6x°[ , - €V0V ’ ‘ car l a vertu a ceste force qu’elle incite la volunte de 1’homme qui la considere, a la vouloir incontinent exercer, et engendre en son cueur une envie de la mettre en execution, formant les moeurs de NOTES 79 II 4 celuy qui la contemple, lion point par limitation ains par la seule intelligence et cognoisance de l’acte vertueux, qni tout soudain luy apporte mi instinct et un propos delibere de faire semblable ’ ( Amyot ). 21. fi0oiroiovv: like poetry, ■which by its imitative re- 6 presentation of men's actions exercises a formative influence on the character. History also -qOowoui, but it does more than that. Observe that p,cp.qjei is contrasted with ioTopiq. too epyov, irpoaipemv with r/Ooirocovv. Cp. Them. C. 2, 2, Mor. 450 F touto ( t 6 ira.d-qTi.Kbv) Kai ras tuv 0-qpiuv -qdoiroiet irpos to. irad-q uaeis, 799 li to evOiis liriynpelv -qdoiroLeiv sal peOapp&TTeiv too 5r)p.ov Tqv rpvocv ov pqSiOv ovS' daa\(s, 814 A iroWd yap iariv aXKa Sie^iovTa tois vuv -qO ow olciv Kai outppovifciv. § 4 1. 23. ofiv : because familiarity with the lives of great and good men has such potency in forming the character. 24. evSuiTphJnu, ‘to continue,’ ‘go on with,’lit. ‘ to linger on in.’ Trj iT£pl tovs pfovs avaypac(>fi is for rg tuv (3luiv a. Cp. c. 8, 1 ; c. 15, 5 ; c. 16, 1 ; c. 37, 5, and see my n. to Them. c. 3, 3. 25. StKcrrov, ‘ as the tenth,’ predicate. So Pint, tells us that the Lives of Demosthcncs-Cicero formed his 5th /3t/3Aior, those of Dion-Brutus, the 12th. See my Inlrod. to Life of Themistocles pp. xxvii If. trvvTeTdxapev, ‘ we have com¬ posed.’ Cp. Mor. 1131 F irepi rij s dpxa-ias p.ovmKq% crovTa^ai. eairoi daaav. Hence ai/vTaypa ( Num . c. 22, 3, Dem. c. 2, 2) and criWa£is (c. 2, 1), ‘a composition,’ especially ‘an historical work.’ 27. tov 8iairo\£pir|cravTOs rrpos ’A., ‘who kept up the struggle, carried on the campaign against Hannibal.’ This was Q. Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, surnamed Cunctator (b.c. 275-203), the hero of the second Punic war. 28. T€ . . . paXurra 8e, an adversative for a copulative connexion (rare). So Plat. Rep. HI 394 eu T€ rfj twv enC jv noLrjep6iv . . . dyvwpocrijvas, ‘ to put up with the unjust humours and caprices.’ dyvoipoadvq may mean either ‘ want of feeling’or ‘want of judgment’; it recurs c. 37, 1. The plural of abstract nouns used distributively is very common in Plutarch and late Greek writers, also in Xenophon ; for instances from the latter author, see my n. to Oecon. c. 1, 21. cruvapxpvTwv : Plutarch is thinking of M. Minucius Rufus, the impetuous magister equitum to Fabius. 32. €i 8’ op0(is o-Toxa£dp.e0a tov Sjovtos, ‘ whether I take a right aim at that which I have to aim at ’ i.e. whether I am 80 LIFE OF FEFICLES II 4 correct in my judgment. Cp. Alex. c. 31 oToxajleobai to 0 /jlIWovto s dpdOs, Cor. c. 18, 2, Fab. Max. c. 10, Arist. c. 8, 1. CHAPTER III § 1 1 . 1 . 7119 , 1 namely,’ referring to Kpiveiv Ik tG>v ypacpoylvuv, and introductory to tlie narrative. tov piv u\v, Sypuiv are the usual partitive genitives; cp. Them. c. 1, 1 NeoKAe'ous Qpeapplov tuv Syywv, Cim. c. 4, 2 ’AAi/rownos ylyove tuiv Sypuiv, Plat. Euthyplir. с. 1 p. 2 b tuiv Sypwv lit tOcijs, Dem. or. 39, 30 ylyovas tu>v Sypuiv 0opi/cios. Cp. Aristot. ’AOyv. iro\. c . 21, 4 Kal SyyiTas eirolyaev (6 WKeiodlvys) dWrjkwv tovs oiKodvras ev eKaartp tuiv 5ypuiv, lea py irarpidev irpoaayopedovTes e^eKtyxuxnv tovs veoiro\l- Tas, d\\a tuiv Syp-mv avayopevoxriv ' 86ev Kal Ka\ovoTepoos sc. toIis yoveis. Cp. Herod, ill 31, 3 yv oi air’ dptpoTlpuv ddeXcpey, VII 97 air’ dpapOTlpuiv dSe\ virutp, e56/cee 81 \tovra reicdv, /cat pier’ &\lyas Tiylpas riKrei n epLKXIa tZavdi-n-inp. Cp. the parody of an oracle (Herod, v 92, 3) about Cvnselus, the future tyrant of Corinth, Arist. Eq. 1037, Am ywy, r^£et SI \Iovd' iepais tv ' A9-qvais, 6s Trepi too Sryxov ttoWois Kuivuitpt /ra^etrat ware irepl crKv/j-voim /3e/3i7Ktos. 11. xa &XXa, adv. acc. ; xf|v ISe'av, ‘in form, aspect,’ acc. of respect after dyeyn-rov. Cp. Flamin. C. 1, 1 18 e an [ten orroto? r/u napecTTL OeacravOai tois (iovXofievoLS anb Trjs in 'Pcu/xrj ^aA/cr}? eiKonos, Alex. C. 4, 1 rr)v fxen ovn IS can tov ctoj- [II 3 NOTES 83 paros ot Av&ittttglol paXiara tiov avSpt.dvTun' €fjL ‘having (the dome of) the Music-Hall on the top of his skull.’ 15. Pint, frequently uses jx tj with participles, especially those of fiovXc- crflai, Svi’ao-Bai and roA/xae, which do not represent a condition and where ou is the proper negative in classical Greek ; cp. c. 23, 1 ; c. 29, 2 ; c. 34 , 4 . Stegmann quotes 341 instances from the Lives, where pi) is found with causal, temporal, modal or purely attributive participles, and 211 from the Morals. On the other hand, there are 629 instances in the Lives, and 53S in the Morals, where oil is employed. As a rule, Pint, prefers j where the negative is emphasised, and sometimes, as in the passage before us, to avoid a disagreeable hiatus. tos foiK€, videlicet. The real reason was that he continued to be Strategus for so many years that the helmet seemed an indispensable part of him. See c. 37, 1, and E. Curtins (Hist. Gr. ii p. 457) who quotes (ib. p. 599) Arch. Zeitung 1S60 p. 40. 16. oL ’ Attlkoi TroiT|TctC, i.e. the Attic comic poets. 17. cxi noK e aAon, ‘with a head like a squill’ (axivos) i.e. pointed, peaked. See the quotation from Cratinus in c. 13, 4. 18. ’{(ttiv 8r«, est ubi, ‘sometimes.’ So c. 24, 3; c. 15, 3 rjv ore. § 3 1. 18. twv k(i)[xlkwv, ‘ the comic poets,’ c. 4, 2 ; c. 13, 10. 19. Crat i nus, Te 1 ec 1 eid es (1. 25), and Bupolis (1- 30) were all poets of the old or political and personal period of comedy, who lived just before and during the Peloponnesian war, and therefore were contemporaries of Pericles. The last of the three flourished after his death. They belonged to the conservative or anti-demagogic party at Athens ; their hero and idol was Cimon (see Cratin. ArchUochi fi\ 1 ed. Sock), after whose death, when Thucydides, son of Melesias, was at the head of the party, Cratinus was more bitter and venomous than ever in his invective against Tericles, whether ridiculing his personal appearance, as here and fr. 355 areA/cra?? 6*AHrepeTd,N, a parody on the Homeric epithet vr)(f>e\T)yeptTriv, ‘cloud-compeller’ ; the word has no meaning in itself, but it is suggestive of the peculiar shape of Pericles’ head, and of his being a Zeus upon earth. 0eoi KaAeoyciN, as in Horn. II. i 403, Od. xn 61, Hesiod Thcog. 187. 23. ev NepeVa : Mein. II 85, Kock I 49. The Nemesis was one of the most scurrilous attacks of Cratinus on Pericles and Aspasia, the former under the name of Zeus, the latter under that of N e m e s i s. The allegorical tradition according to tlie author of the Kv-n-pta (ap. Athenae. vm c. 10) about Nemesis, the virgin divinity of Rhanmus (Attica), was identical with that of Leda, as mother of that Helen who was the cause of so many woes to Greece. Cp. Isocr. 'EAtiojs ky^piov c. 59 kvkcos yevopevos (Zeus) eh tows NejaeVeco? koAttous KaTefyvye, Hyginus Astron. 8 (p. 44, 5 Bunte), Apollodorus 3, 10, 7. The poet accepts and mixes up the dual tradition according as it suited his fancy. Phidias set the example in the group on the base of his statue of Nemesis, in which he represented Leda bringing Helen to Nemesis (Pausanias I c. 33, 7-8). 24. moA’, *.Xfic eNAeKAKAiNoy, not, as Liddell-Scott, ‘a head as long as eleven couches,’ nor, as Denis (La Comidin grecque i p. 170 note 1), ‘ tete longue comme onze lits ou plutot d’une longueur telle qu’il eut fallu onze lits pour la porter,’ nor, as F. H. Bothe (Pont,, com. gr.fr. Didot p. 128), ‘ tam grandis lit undecim stratis indigeat (Pericles), in quibus accumbat’; but ‘large enough to hold ten couches,’ ‘roomy/ Cp. Xen. One. c. 8, 13 Kal Saa Xiy w, efy, irdvra ovk iv noXXip tivi pd^ovt xvpy iseiro f) iv ScKasXivip ariyy ovppirpip, SymqJ. C. 2, 18 oXkos iirrdKXiv os, Athenae. II c. 29 Sri sal tpLkXivoi OLKOL KO.L TeTpaKXlVOl Kdi ilTTdKXlVOI. KO.i £ V V 6 7roAv9, eooKev, aAA’ ocrou /xdAicrra tv ev t o.k\ iv ov to /xe ye0os- Com¬ paring these three texts with Pollux i 79 AeyeTcu 8e /cal oIkos TpUkovos, irevTa.Kki.vos kcu 8eKa.Kki.vos, kou ank 7 rpbs to peTpov tov peye0ovs b twi/ kKli/uv apL0pos, Graux is inclined to agree with Beckmann that kAiVtj had come to be used by the Greeks for a certain superficial measure, which he reckons at 10 square cubits (4 x 2£). This is probably its meaning in Diodor. Sic. xx c. 91 where in describing a siege-engine (ekenokis) used by Demetrius before Rhodes, the writer says e/c 8e toov yoovoibv vTrrjp^ov < doves > icrot Tip prjKeo ovtoo avvvevevKOTes etg aAA^Aovs wcrTe, tov tvo-vtos /caTaa/cevd- rjv avrOiv Hvdos (Thuc. IV 133, 4 acc. to Cobet’s correction of the vulgate), iIn irep ea9\6v (not on or Unrep). Plutarch, of course, presupposes an allusion to the peculiar shape of the head of IV 1 NOTES 87 the statesman. twn katcoOen Hf&rec is for tCov Kara Karwdcv ijyayes — a very common form of attraction, when the verb of the clause implies movement. Cp. c. 27, 4 ; c. 34, 4 ; Timol. c. 16, 5 rbv diro tt )s irlrpas KaTrjyov. The person addressed must be the old general Myronides, not, as Hermann (Opusc. v 292) thinks, 'Eppljs xf/vx^iropwo's. CHAPTER IV § 11. 1 Tuiv (iovo-ikwv, arils 7nusicae. Cp. Xen. Cyr. I Vi 38 ev rot? /otovcri/coig t a via /cat dvdrjpa. ev8oKip.cc. The ancient Greeks attached so much importance to music, at least playing on the cithara and learning lyric poetry by heart, as to make it an essential part of public education (iraiSeca i\evOipco<;, Aristot. Pol. p. 1338 a , 13), not only as being a noble and worthy occupation npos to /caAo/s a\°ha£ecv, but as exercising a valuable influence in the formation and development of mind and character. Plato Rep. iv 424 c quotes an utterance of Damon’s with approbation :—etfios Kacvbv p.ovep€iv, ‘ to pronounce.’ Cp. Mor. 738 B eAeye npionqu (f>vaci (fxoi'Tjv tu)v ivapOpcov e K pi 0 a 76 paoj. S3 LIFE OF PERICLES IV 1 6. 8iairovT]Gf]va<., ‘worked at.’ Cp. Plat. legg. 846 r> 5i'>o Terras a Kpifiais 8 iair or eia 0 ai axeb'ov ovSepia (pvai s iKavri tCov dvdponrh’iov, Phacdr. 273 li. tov &v8pa is instead of personal or demonstrative pronoun. Cp. Them. e. 12, 2 with my li. ad l. 7. &Kpos, summus in arte sua. Cp. Num. c. 13, 3 iva rdv &Kpuv 8ripiovpyi2v, Dcm. c. 6, 2 tQiv &Kpuir yevCaBai SoXi^o- bpopojv, Pclop. c. 23, 3 wavTuv &Kpoi rexvirai Kal aAeia? eVe/ca 7rpo? tov? Tvpavi'ovs, Mctr. C. 29, 4 tovto irpocedrjKe to crotyov uxrnep 7rapa/caAvp./xa ttj? attr^vvrj?, Ages. C. 37, 0 oltottov /cat aAAo/corov npay- jxaTO? 7rapa/caAvp.p.art Ttp crv/xr/>epovTt tt}? 7rarpt6o5 xP 1 7 crc 9 ACI/0 S> Gdlo. C. 20, 1 elScog ouScr croc paAAor yeycurelr Svrap-a i 1) et pot irapcKaOpao \i6 os. § 3 1. 20. Sir|Kou(r€, ‘ was a hearer, disciple, of.’ Them. c. 2, 3. Zenon of Elea or Velia (Magna Graecia) lived in the middle of the 5th century. He was the favourite pupil of Parmenides, and inventor of dialectic. Plato ( Phaedr. 261 n ) refers to his paradoxes on the subjects of the ‘ One and Many,’ ‘Rest and Motion’ etc.: tov ’EXecm/cdr (Zenon ) \lyovra lajj.cv enure cpairccrOac rots clkovovol to. ai’ra bpoca Kai aubpcoca, Kai £v Kai i roXXa, pi Ivovra re an xal tpepbpcva. 1 he dialogue Sophista was written to overthrow this antilogic method, in order to make way for a rational logic. See XV. H. Thompson ad l.c. 21 . TTpayparenopevou irepl 4 >ua-iv, ‘when he was discoursing of natural philosophy.’ “ llpaypaTebeadat nepl n vel wepi tivos is dicitur ab Aristotele, qui in investiganda et cognoscenda aliqua re via ac ratione procedit ; itaque coniunctum legitur cum verbis 8ia\4yea8ai, frjrefr, Occopdv ” H.Bonitz, Ind. Arist. s. v. 23. airoplav, ‘ puzzle.’ 24. fijiv, ‘skill as the result of practice in discussion.’ See Bonitz Index Aristot. p. 261 a . Timon of Phleius (N.E. Peloponnesus) lived about n.c. 280. He was a pupil of Pyrrhon, the Sceptic, and a famous U 1 XX 07 pdOTeporA(Lccc>Y, ‘of two-edged tongue,’ wlio could argue equally for and against the same thesis. C06NOC oy k aAatt&Anon, a reminiscence of the Homeric line {11. vn 257) i) aval Kairpounv tQ v re a 0 tv os oi jk d\aTraSvov. 27. ttantoon e’niAHnropoc, ‘assailant, censurer, of things or men in general.’ § 4 1. 28. 6 -n-AttcTTa II. a-oyyev6ptvopdvr]pa Sqpa- ■ywytas epppiGea-Tepov, ‘jene Kraft, jenen festen und stand- haften Muth das Yolk zu leiten ’ ( Kaltwasscr ), but it may mean ‘ a gravity of sentiment too great for an ordinary leader of the people. ’ The adjective e/t^ptSijs, lit. ‘weighty,’ ‘ponderous,’ has various shades of metaphorical meaning in Plutarch, which are to be determined by the context, as ‘ solid ' (sometimes 1 stolid'), ‘ grave,' ‘ earnest,’ 1 staid,’ ‘ firm,' ‘ imperturbable.’ Arat. c. 4, 1 tjrpoioqpa SU^aivev ov piKpbv ov8k apyov , e p/3 p lOks 8k Kal nop ’ -qKiKiav aatjjaJ'taTtpa yvivpr) KtKpapkvov, Dcmetr. C. 5, 4 irddos ov pctpaKtov naOiov kv apxfi rrpdtpojs avajpantinos aAA ’ £ p. p L 0 o V s (TTparpy ov KtxPVpkvov npayparuiv peTafUodais, Cor. C. 4, 1 ra S’ kpfipiOrj Kal pit pal a ippovqpara avPovcnv at Tipal, Marc. C. 2S, 3 noWrjv Trttpac TraptaxpKti tov . . . tp.[ipi0rjs ytyoi’tvaL cat tfipovipos, Alex. c. 4,5 7] (faXoTipta Trap’ rjhttiav epfipiOes ciyc to tppovnjpa Kal peyaAoi \tv\ov. Ti. Gr. c. 10, 1 veaviav t p. (ip 16p to t)0os Kal Kocrptov, Brut. c. 1, 1 ttjv t>v(TLV kpPpiQrj (‘ unexcitable,’ ‘phlegmatic’) Kal npaclav ova av krrtyeipas rats npaKTiKais oppals, but in C. 6, 4 TO tp.ppiOts avrov Kal pis paOtivs prjSk TravTos vTrqKoov tov Seopevov npos y apir it means ‘firmness oi purpose,’ ‘resolute character,’ Dion c. 2, 3 AtW Kal BpovTos a vSpes epPpiOecs Kal 7T pos 0 v8kv aKpO(T'f>a/\(ts ouS’ evaAwToi ndOos, Dcni.-Cic. C. 2, 3 dyairdv ayevvks Kal At^vevetv Tpv otto tov Aoyov 5o£av, oOev tpfipiO t art p os Tav'rft Kal peya- KonptTrtTTcpos o AppoaOkvrss (tov KiKepwvos), Dion C. 11, 1 rear i pv^r/v Kara- 0"X€LV £ pfi p id t CTT £ po LS doytapois- 30. (6) crvvefjdpas, ‘who helped to call forth,’ or ‘to elevate, ennoble. ’ 31. Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (Ionia) was born about 500 B.c. He appears to have visited Athens about 480 b.c. Plutarch is more just to the great pliilosojiher than Cicero, who {Brut. c. 11, 44) merely says that ‘ ab Anaxagora pliysico NOTES 91 VI eruditus exercitationem mentis a reconditis abstrusisque rebus ad eausas forensis popularisque facile traduxerat (Pericles).’ 32. oi tot’ dvSpwiroi. It was rather those of a later age who gave him the surname of Nous. Of the two reasons assigned by Plutarch the latter is without doubt the true one. 34. irepiTTqv, ‘uncommon.’ Cp. Arist. c. 1, 5 t 6 pov(Xv (SoKet ns elvac ir e pLTT bs, Mor. 255 F t 6 v ai'nil 8icKbqvaTO, /cal Tas p.€v vA rjv, to St ttolovv atnoe, to v vovv, tov navTa 6iaTa£a- fxevov. Aristotle does not use the substantive but only the adjective to. oixoLOfxeprj (o-roixeia), though the substantive may be traced back to Epicurus (Munro on Lucretius i 834). It means ‘tiie element possessing similarity of parts with the thing in being.’ CHAPTER Y § 1 1. 2. ttjs XcYOjxevTjs p.€T€copo\o‘Ytas . . . v*iro7rL|i.7r\dp.€Vos, an adaptation from Plato’s Phaedr. 270 A, quoted c. 8 , 1 below. For fierapaioXccrx ^ a i ‘talk about to. ptrapoia.,' supera ac car.lcslia 92 LIFE OF PERICLES V 1 (Cic. Ac. p>'■ ii 41) the Ionic-poetic equivalent of ra porowpa ‘celestial phaenomena,’ the corresponding word in Plato, by whom it is paraded with a sort of defiance, is a SoXeaxta, ‘gar¬ rulity,’ ‘ twaddle ’—the vulgar term of reproach for philosophic 8idXei;is. Cp. Nic. c. 23, 3 ov yap r/voixovro rolls (pvaucovs Kai poreiopoXlox a s Tore KaXovpevovs ws eis atria s aXiyovs Kai Suva- peis dirpovoprovs Kai KarpvayKaapeva TrdOrj SiarplfHovras to Botov, Arist. Nub. 333 perewpooplvaKes, 360 pereojpoaoc/AaTai, Eur./r. 913 ed. Nauck 2 :— n's raSe Xeuaoiov Beov oiix‘ root pereoj poXoyoiv S' OKas Sppuf/ev OKoXids airards , &v drippu yXuxro’ oIko/SoXo! wepi r&v acpav&v oiiSbv yvibpps per^xovaa ; 4. 0>S i:OLK€, C. 1, 1. 5. o-o(3apov not here in its ordinary sense ‘swaggering,’ ‘haughty,’ ‘over-bearing,’hut ‘dignified.’ Cp. c. 39, 2. 6. Ka9apbv . . . piopoXo^Las, ‘ free from, unsullied by, vulgar and unscrupulous buffoonery ’ ; oxXocfis may also mean ‘that truckles to the mob.’ Cp. Lyc.-Num. c. 2, 3 rfis Siaipeoews roiv iroXirevparuv o^Xt/cr/ dKpdrus p roD Nopa Kai BcpawcvTLKT] rod mX-pBovs. (3u)p.oXoxias : cp. Arist. c. 2, 2 j6os iptboviKias KaOapov. 7. irpocrwirou crvorTao-LS ktX. ‘ composure, gravity, of coun¬ tenance never relaxing into a smile.’ Cp. Dcmctr. c. 17, 4 crvv eorCiri rip irpoadwip, Eur. Hipp. 983 ^varaais (ppevwv, Ale. 797 rod avvearioTos pevQv. &0pi>irTOS eis •yeXoiTa : in this respect he resembled Anaxagoras his master and Euripides, both of whom are said to have been dylXaoroi. Cp. Aelian V. II. VIII 13 ’A vaijayopav . . . tpaai pr) yoXwvrd rrore opdrjvat ppre peiSidivra rrjv dpxyv , Alii. Gell. N. A. xv 20, Cic. Acad, n c. 23, 72. 8. irpaoT-qs irop€£as = the sivyais fipaSeia which Aristotle ascribes to the peyaXb^vxos Eth. Nic. c. 4, 8 p. 1125 a , 12. Demosthenes ( adv. Pantaen. § 52), on the other hand, mentions raxe'ws fiaSifav as one of the marks of an ewiutrei Kai rip raylajs ^aSi^eiv Kai rip XaXeiv piya, oil rQv ovtvx&s weipvKoruv epavrbv Kpivw. NOTES 03 y 2 KaTacrroX^j 'TrfpiPo\f]s, not, as Liddell-Scott, ‘modera¬ tion in dress/ from the meaning of KaraariWeiPj ‘ to repress/ but rather, as Kaltwasser, ‘den anstandigen Umwurf des Mantels’ i.e. ‘graceful, careful, adjustment of mantle/ The IfxaTLov or * mantle* was a large square cloth, first thrown over the loft shoulder, and then round the back to the right side and above or below the right arm and again brought over the left shoulder or arm so as to keep the right hand within the folds. This was called enl Sei-Ca (or emSegia, ‘ dexterously ’ )( awkwardly) aca/3oAAeo-0ai, and according to a man’s skill or awkwardness in doing it, he was pronounced genteel or clownish and un-Greek (Athenae. i 21, Theophr. Char. c. 26 (29), Plato Thcaet. 175 e, Arist. Av. 1565). See Deni, de f. leg. § 2S1 eTj tov 2c A com avaiceiaOai Trjs tore r xov Sr)p.T)yopovvT(ov ato^poavi'-qs napabeiypia, eicrio tt)v \ elpa e\o vra a vafiefBhrjp. e vo v, ‘he {i.e. Aeschines Tim. § 25) said that the sobriety of the popular speakers of former days was illustrated by the statue of Solon with his robe drawn round him and his hand within the folds.’ So Phocion, says Pint, l’koc. c. 4, 2, was never seen cktos e“xwi/ rrje X € ^P a T V < > Trepifiodrjs, ore tv\ol nepi(3ef3\r)pevo<». The first popular orator who broke through the custom and loosened his mantle so as to free his right hand, in order that he might gesticulate, was Cleon. See Nic. c. 8, 3 rov erri rov /3ijp.aTOS KO(Tp.ov ave\ibv kou npioros ev too Srjpirjyopeiv avaKpayiov /cat n e p i o 'tt d(T as to i p. dr lov /cat tov pripov nara^as /cat Spopao p.CTu tov \eyeiv ap.a xpyo'dp.evos and cp. my note to Tib. Gr. c. 2, 2. 9. irpos ov8«v 6KTapaTTop.tvr), ‘ not discomposed at anything.’ Cp. c. 0, 1 ; c. 33, 4 ; c. 35, 1. So Lucian Sonin, c. 16 e kt apa\0 e is wpos tov tlov irX'qyoiv tpbfiov. 10. TrXao-pa, not, as Liddell-Scott, ‘affectation,’ but, as Kaltwasser, ‘modulation.’ Cp. Brut. c. 34, 4 pera irXaaparos (puvrjs tirp mpalviov ots rbv Sbaropa ypinpivov "Opqpos iretroLTjKe, and see Wyttenb. on Mor. 41 n, 711 c. Demosthenes imitated Pericles in this respect: see Bern. c. 9, 3 with my note ad l. Kal ocra roiauTa sc. cart, ‘and the like.’ § 2 1. 12. -yovv as in c. 4, 2, c. 38, 2. kcikws ukovuv (c. 12, 1, c. 29, 3) serves for tire passive of kukois X£yeiv, hence it is joined with inrb : cp. c. 34, 2, Arist. Ecj. 820 ravr'i p’ aKoveiv virb tovtov, Nub. 528 inr’ avdpwv Apiar’ i]K 0 vo 6 .Tr)V. The parti¬ ciples are to be taken closely with i/irepeive. 13. pSeXupwv : the word is without an English equivalent: it implies ‘ buffoonery ’ as well as ‘ blackguardism.’ 14. (nwn~rj : c. 34, 1. kcit* a-yopav : local designa¬ tions, which are equivalent to Proper Names, are frequently anarthrous, especially after prep, as £k TroXews, ££ aypov (c. 6, 2), ev darei (c. 7, 4), ev dspoiroXei (c. 13, 8), ev tKKX-qaia (c. 14, 1), els Oiarpov, iir’ dyopdv (c. 7, 4), etc. In inscriptions after the 4th cent, the article is more generally found, Meisterhans 2 p. 187, 21. 15. &pa ti twv tirei-yovToiv KaTairpaTTopevos, ‘while he was engaged in the despatch of some urgent business.’ Cp. Ca.es. 94 LIFE OF PORICLES V 2 C. 1/, 5 tt)v Kara irpoosoirov uirbp rutv eneiyoVTWv rod KaipoO Sia Tr\r)do$ cur^oXiw pr) nepiptvovTOS, Sector. c. 3, 2 ra pSv iSCov ra S' aKoij irvBdpevos tCiv tireiybvTWV. 10 17. toO &v0p<.oiroi), ‘the fellow’ (c. 24, 1), with a connotation of contempt or pity, as in 1. 21 ; c. 13, 8. See Them. c. 16, 2. 18. -n-do-r) . . . p\acr<|>i]|xCa, ‘every (possible) kind of abuse.’ § 3 1. 19. elcruvcu sc. eis rpv oUiav. Cp. c. 24, 6 ; Dcm. c. 7, 1. (tkotous : c. 35, 1. 20. 4>oos XapdvTi, ‘with a torch’—a necessary precaution, since the streets of ancient towns were not provided with lamps. In Sparta however it was the custom to walk at night 5i'Xs /SaSifeir ottws (BifavraL (tkotous Kal vvktos evBapaQs Kal dSetos oSedeiv, Lyc. c. 12, 7. ■jrapairep|/cu, ‘ to escort him all the way ’ ; wpowep\f/ai would mean ‘to accompany only part of the way.’ So 1. 17 irapa- KoXovdovvTos means ‘ following him the whole way.’ 22. Ion the aristocrat of Chios (b.C. 484-424) was one of the five Athenian tragic poets of the canon and a composer of other kinds of poetry besides ; he v T as also a writer both on historical and philosophical subjects. The passage before us is taken probably from the 'Tiropvt]par a (ioTopiKd), mentioned by the Scholiast on Arist. Pac. v. 836, or, as they are also called, ’EmSypiai (Midler FUG. n 4 4 a ). Ion was a friend of Cimon and therefore not partial to Pericles (Cim. c. 9, 1). p.o0amKirjv, vernilem, ‘forward,’ ‘assuming,’ lit. ‘such as is peculiar to pbBaces ( Clcom. c. 8, 1) or pSBoive s, vernae, young Helots, who being brought up together with young Spartans obtained freedom without civic rights. Slaves so favoured w'ould he likely to presume too much upon their position (Muller Hist. Dor. ii 44). 23. opaXiav, ‘ ordinary social intercourse.’ inroTtitjjov, ‘somewhat arrogant,’ ‘pretentious.’ elvcu = ijv (not iyhero) of direct speech. Cp. Them. c. 3, 3. 24. p.£-ya\av)(£cus : c. 2, 3. 25. inrepoi|nav, ‘ superciliousness,’ c. 37, 5. 27. to . . . 4pp.eX.es, ‘ease,’ ‘tact,’ ‘civility.’ The word is properly applied to sound and signifies that it is capable of being used in the same melody with other sounds. Its opposite is irXyppeXis. (to) iypov, ‘ good humour,’ ‘ complaisance.’ ‘Y ypos in its secondary sense = mollis, ‘yielding,’ ‘lithe,’ ‘elastic,’ as in Ear. Ion 80fi av vypov'a/xuraL-qv aiOepa, Milton’s ‘buxom air, ’fragm. 941 ed. Nauck 2 aidepa Kal yr\u 7re'pi£ exovO' vyp at? eu ay/caAats, Xen. cle re NOTES 95 V 4 eq. C. 10 to vyp'ov tov \aACvov /cal to a/cArjpoi', e. 12 Ta (T/ccAtj vyod ( [cigilia ) peTeiopi^ei o intros, cyn. C. 4, 1 Tpa^Aou? (twi/ kvvujv xpy elvau) paitpovs, vypovs, Arist. Vesp. 1213 vyp'ov xvtAo.(tov aeavrov i.e. ‘in an easy position.’ Hence figuratively of persons ‘ facile,’ ‘ easily moved’ : Mar. c. 23, 1 vypos tls elvcu fiovh6p.€vos /cal SripoTLKOS, r/KLara tolovtos nevK o p a, 981 B ap’ oue a^tov eart ravrais Tais KOivaviais /cal o p a is napa(3aAAeiv duAias aAojneKtov /cal oefteujv 8 ta to kolvov avrOLS noAepcov elvau. tov derov ; l’olyb. V 37, 2 /caTa ttjv e£rjs Oavovtrr)s, prob¬ ably to avoid the awkward concurrence of two participles. CHAPTER VI § 1 1. 3. 8eio-i8cH|j.ovias . . . Ka0\)7r£pT£pos, ‘ is generally thought to have risen above superstition.’ So Arist. c. 11, 2 Kad vir eprt povs tuh> iro\ep.iu]V. Cf. Time. II 60, 5 xpryxtxT aiv Kpe'uriroir, Xen. Cyr. IV ii 45 yaarpos Kpdrrovs. Plutarch begins his treatise uepl SeuriSaipovCas, ‘ fear of supernatural beings’ (Mor. ]>. 101 e) by saying that 1 The stream of ignorance and un¬ educated opinion divides at its source into two channels ; in hard natures it produces atheism, in the softer superstition (to per iixnrep er xtoptot? < TKKrjpol 5 Tots aeriTU 7 rois TjffecrL Tqv adtsorrjra, to 8 ioairep er vypols rod rurairis Tq v 8 et crt 6 a t /x o r i a v asrroiqKsv). and again (p. 165 b) he says Tqr 5 et u <6 a.ip.0 viav prpnjtu teat rovropa 6 o£ av ep.ira9rj Kal fieous TroiqTiKqr v iToArj jjir oucrar tKrarrctvnvrroq Kal (rvVTp'ifSovTOS top dl'Qpioirov, olopevov pier eirat Oeotis, eiv ai 5e A vsrppovs Kal fthufis povs ■ Theoplll’astus Chav. XVI (xxviii) defines the word as 6 etAta 7 rpos tow Oeovs. In classical Greek it sometimes means ‘ due reverence of the god,’ ‘religion,’ but it must always have had potentially a bad sense, and in post-classical Greek it came to have a depreciatory sense ordinarily. Philo (Quod Dens imm. § 35 i p. 207 m) defines it, in the manner of Aristotle, as the ‘excess’ of which impiety (itre/Seta) is the corresponding ‘defect’ and piety (evuoP{pas, ‘timid,’ as in Time, iv 128, Xen. Oec. c. 7, 29 ; Ci/r. in iii 19. (jjXcypaivoiicrTjs, ‘feverish,’ ‘morbid’ )( aaa\r). 10. dcr<|>aXfj, ‘which rests on a solid foundation.’ per’ i\i rlScov dya0<5v, ‘supported by a rational hope,’ see Gr. Iud. s. v. pera. § 2 1. 12. f£ a-ypov, ‘from his country estate.’ For the omission of the article, see n. to c. 5, 2. Cp. Plato Theaet. 143 A, Legg. 844 C iv dam )( iv ay pip, Luc. Ev. c. xxiii 26 ip\bptvov dir' aypov, c. xv 29 ijv 6 uiAs iv ay pa 5. 13. Lampon of Athens, a celebrated soothsayer and interpreter of oracles, was appointed by Pericles ( Mor. 812 d, Diodor, xii 10) founder of the colony of Thurii (Magna Graecia). He was the frequent butt of the contemporary comic poets for his hypocrisy, orthodoxy and greed. See my Onomast. Arist. p. 878 ed. 3. 14. Icr^vpov Kal o-Teptov, predicates to irerf>VKbs. 19. tK peVou toC ptri&irou : G. Gr. § 142, 4 note 4. 16. Sutiv, un-Attic form. According to HSchmidt, Plutarch has 69 exx. of Gen. Svoiv, 101 of G. Svuv, Aristotle has 90 exx. of G. SuoTv, oidy 8 of G. Svetv. Polybius, Strabo and Dionysius Hal. never use SvoTv but always Svelv. Svvao-Teuov, c. 16, 3. 17. 0ovkv818ou : see C. 8, 3 ; c. 11, 1. «ls ?va irepio-Tirp crerai . . . Trap’ a> yevoiTo to (p€tov, ‘will fall to one person, him with whom the prodigy was found’; therefore Pericles. For aypeiov, an unusual occurrence out of the common course of nature, portending some remarkable event in the future, cp. Deni. c. 19, 1, Timol. c. 8, 2, Nic. c. 13, 2, Xen. Cyr. i vi 1, li iv 19 ; and for the moods of wepiarriacTai, yivoiro, G. MT . 2 § 670 (6). 20. ov ircTrXqpojKOTa t7|v pd toD ojoD. «k toO iravros ayyefou, ‘ from the entire cranial cavity ’ )( a particular region (t6to s). § 3 1. 26. KaTa\v0e'vTOs, c. 3, 1 note. 27. opaXus airavTcov, ‘all alike,’‘all without distinction,’ c. 10, 2 ; c. 39, 3 ; C. Gr. c. 2, 1, Timol. c. 31, 4. iiiro tu IlepiKXei ■ytvop.evwv : cp. 20, 1 vp ei/fie^o/i; teviov 8eL\9rjrai fie /a 77 bvvap.evo)v avaipel. It means properly ‘ to do away with 9er6v tl , something estab¬ lished.’ It occurs several times in the N.T. in the sense in which it is used here (Gal. ii 21, Mark vi 26, Luke x 16, Joh. xii 48, 1 Thess. iv 8, Jude 8) and frequently in Polybius. i|/o<|>ovs re SIctkwv, ‘namely, clanking of (metal) quoits.’ VII i NOTES 99 That such quoits sometimes served the purpose of our bells or gongs, is evident from the following passage of Sextus Empiricus adv. astrologos § 27 ed. Fabric. 1840-41 injKTiop p.kv yap 6 XaAbaio? e' v\J /tivos a/cpwpeias €/ca0e£ero aaTcpoaKOmov, krepos 8e napr/bpeve ti\ toSirovoyj p.€)(pis anore^oiTO. anOTeKOvcnqs 8e evOvs 8 l(tku> 8 ce aqpaLve rip €7r'i T»j? aKptopeias. 6 6e a/coxara? »cai auros napeaiqpGLOVTO to avi8tov tbs iopovKOnovv SO § 08 8l aT)p.aiv€L y § 09 toj 8(£pf| , 5. a poetical and Ionic word, rare in good Attic 100 LIFE OF PERICLES VII 1 prose ; cp. Xen. Cyr. v v 31. Trjv ^x ets > Hippol. fr. 439 ed. Nauck“ vvv 5’ evt pbxoi.cn. UTbyaac TaKyBicxTaTa IXeirrovcnv (Porson’s correction of the vulgate evpbounv). 7. Trpos, propter, as c. 35, 1 ; e. 6, 1 ; Tlies. c. 19, 3 irpbs ryu i\ptv E%Eir\dyri too Qricreus. Cp. tlie story told by Valer. Max. vm 9, 2 :—-fertur quidam cum admodum senex primae contioni Pcriclis adulescentuli interesset, idemque iuvenis Pisistratwni iam decrepit am contionantem audisset, non temperasse sibi quominus cxclamaret, caveri ilium civem oportere, quod Pisistrati ora- tioni simillima eius csset oratio. Concerning tlie oratory of Pisistratus Cicero Brut. c. 7, 27 says :— opinio est Pisistratum . . . multum, ut temporibus Mis, valuisse dicendo. 8. TrpdcrovTOS, i.q. virdpxovros, agrees with the nearest sub¬ ject. Cp. c. 8, 2 ; c. 28, 3, Mar. c. 16, 2 iiyeiro iroXXa ewi- xpevdeadac tuv ov it poabvr uv tt)i> Kawbr-qra, Al'ist. Eq. 217 to. 5' cLXXa aoi irpo a eopovp.€vos t^ocrTpaKurGfjvai: cp. § 2 1. 14. For the infinitive after verbs of fearing, denoting the direct object of fear, cp. Xen. Cyr. vm vii 15 o/3>jo-e7-cu i&uceiv, Flato Gorg. 457 c l|>opoi^J^a^ &Lekeyx€Lv ere, Soph. Aicic. 254 Tm/m^/rru ^vi'a-kyeiv and see G. MT.- § 373. So SeSiojs TTEpnrewEiy C. 7, 2 | Se^lois f3laepovTes ivexeipLcrav rbv MiOpiSarucov iroXeyor, Them, c.24, 2 where other instances are given in my n. ad l. Observe that irpocrev ei per is an ingressive aorist, ‘lie became an adherent of.’ VII 4 NOTES 101 For npoa/3tw npoa4v€L pev iavrov, Mar. C. 41, 3 tovtw npo So vnenoieiTo c. 9, 2. Observe that in classical prose the form v p\^ cBat (not iinievai) is used, when the verb=0w7reveu/. See Cobet Var. Led. p. 34. 24. 7rapacrKtual(op€vos, ‘ by way of providing,’ c. 10, 5 ; c. 11, 5. For the use of p.ev and Se, where there is only a formal opposition, cp. Them. c. 12, 1 ; c. 15, 1. § 4 1. 25. Tots ircpl T-f|v 8(aiTav, ‘ his manner of life.’ Arist. Vc.sp. 1103 tov? rponovs Kal tt/v 8 iairav r/glv ep/PepearaTOvs, Elipolis KoAcuccs (Mein, ll 484, Kock I 301) 8ianav ir/v exova’ ot KoAaKes, Alexis Tapavr. (Mein. IV 483, Kock ll 378) Stapio-n/piov Ae-yeis fitairav, Menand. (Mein, iv 234, Kock in 162) to ertap' vyiaivci nva 8 iairav npoo-tj/iputv. Cp. Mor. 800 B llepiKArjs Kal nepl to aiopa Kal tt/v 8 iairav if-r/Wal-ev iavTov r/pipa /3a5ipocruvT]v, ‘familiarity.’ 30. iXo- 4>po: not liis friends only. to crvvex*s <|>evyu>v Kcri tov Kopov. ‘ to avoid tlie natural satiety which they might feel from constantly seeing him.’ The participle present is used as in § 3 1. 24. 42. otov «k SiaXeippdrttfv 4irXq(ria1({v, 1 presented himself as it were at intervals (lit. ‘ after pauses ’) only.’ 44. irapiuv tis to 7rXf|0os = tov dijpov : cp. Them. c. 4, 1 with my n. ad l. 45. fauTov . . . 4iri8i8ots ■ cp. c. 33, 2, Thrs. c. 32, 4 erri- dovros eavrov eKovalojs erepayideraadcn, Pclop. c. 26, 1 auros ea vt6v e it cd uj t rots OeoeraXois, c. 31, 3, Mur. /94 B, Devi.— Cic. c. 4, 2 eavrov e-rreSwtcev els ttjv avT : qv TroXnaav, Pomp. c. 6, 4, O. Gr. c. 9, 1 4 in Sous els ravra rrj f)ov\rj tt]v eavrov Sr/fiapxlav. ucrirep t?|v SaXapivCav Tpif[pr) : Them. c. 7, 4. Cp. Mor. Sll C eVepoi 5 e aep-voTepov olovrai /cat ptyaXonpeniojtpoy eivai to tov Ilepi/cAeoi/?’ 5 >v /cal KpiToAaos eonv 6 IIepi7raTrfTi/cog, ai-tjov, iocrnep 17 2 aAap.il/ta vavs '\ 0 rjvrja-t /cat 17 IlapaAos ou/c eiri nav cpyov aAA' ini Tag ai/ay/caiag /cat peyaAas KareaniovTO 7rpd£eig, oi/Ttog iavrw npv*; t a /ci/pia/rara /cat peyterra xprjaOai. 46. KpiToXaos : the historian, author of the ’Hireipwrocd and ‘Paivojueva, passages from which are quoted Parall. c. 6, c. 9 and by Aul. Cell. N. A. xi 9. He is identified by some with the Peripatetic philosopher of Phaselis (Lydia) who went on the celebrated embassy to Rome B.c. 155, with Carneades the Academic and Diogenes the Stoic. See Muller F1IG. vn p. 372, Voss de Hist. Gr. n p. 422 ed. Westermann. 48. pqTopas, ‘speakers,’ the official expression {CIA. i 31) for those who made a regular profession of speaking in the {KKkytrla., as an avenue to office and honours ; so c. 37, 1, Arist. A eh. 38, Eq. 60. Cp. Mor. 812 Cto/ TToAtri/ctp 7rpocn}/cei napa\ojpilv pei/ irepots apYeti', Kiyeiv Se pr; navra to, Tirjg 7roAecog TOig avrou Aoyoig /cat \\jy](\>iap.a.(TLV r) npa^eaiv, aAA c^ovra 7rt0ovov to /xeyeflog, aAAa /cat Ta twi/ \p€i(>)V erriTeAetTat paAAor. Ka0i€(s, subornans. ^irpaTrev is substituted for npaTTuv to avoid the concurrence of two participles. § 6 1. 49. ’EiaXTqv: the anti-democratic Atthis which 14 Ephorus had before him, appears to have been unfavourable to the reformer Ephialtes, as wc infer from the passage in Diodorus xi 77, 6 ov pqv d6i26s ye Sdepvye ttjXikoiItois avopr)- pacnv imfiahbpevos. On the other hand in Cirri, c. 10 his incorruptibility is put on a level with Cimon’s, and in c. 13 Callistlienes is quoted as an authority for his activity as vAa/crj /cat ra p. t~v rot? nevTaKoaioiq ra Se rw 8qp.o) /cat to is fitKaarrjptotg a.7re5(o/ctj', C. 27, 1 non ’ApeonaycTiov evia TraptiAero, PoZ. XII (ix) 3 p. 1274 R ttjv p.cv cv 'Apetto 7raya> ^ovAqv ’E i dAryjs e/coAovcre /cat Jlepi/cAyjs, PhilochoniS /r. 14o up. Miiller FHG. I 407 ’Ec/>. judva KaTeAmc rp e£ ’Apetov nayov (SovAf/ to. vntp tov o"top.aro5, Pint. C'Mll. C. 10, 7 Kt/xtov 7rpos ’EiaATqv vaTC-pov KaraAvovra tyjv e£ ’Apetov 7rayov PovAr^v 5t qve'xOr], C. 15, 2 (during ilio absence of Cimon on loreign service) oi 7roAAoi ovyxeavTes tov KaOcarCoTa Trjs 7roAiTeia? KO(rp.ov to. re narpia vop.ip.a, ots e^pa/i/ro nporepov, ’Et/iidArov 7rpo€(TT(x)TOS d(f)€iAovTO ttjs e£ ’Apetov nayov ftovArjs ras /cptcrets 7rArji/ oACyiov d7rd<7as, /cat ra»i/ fit/cacrrr/pttoc /cvptovs eavrovs noiqaavTes eis d/cparoc 8qp.o- upaTiav evefiaAov rqv noAiv, Mor. 805 D PovAqv Tives kna\9r\ /cat oAt-yap^t/cr/// KoAovcracres, iocrnep 'E t d Arqs os rd vop.ip.a to. ev ’Apetto nayto /xaAttrTa eAv/x^caro. 50. Kara tov IIXdTwva, ‘as Plato says,’ c. 15, 4. See Rep. viii 562 ci>, where, speaking generally of democratical states, he says orar Srnj.oKparoviJ.hr) eXtvdepias Sopyaaaa kokCjv olvoxSwv irpocrTaTovvrojv rSxil Ka 1 rroppojr^pw tov Stovros aKpd- rov ai’rf/s p-edvadp, rovs dpxovras Sr), civ fj.r) ttoXXtjv rrap^x wal T V V eXevOeplav, KoXa^ei. 52. e|«PpC0is, (batrtp opyavov, e£r /pri'ero (6 Kadpcw) t'ov p-qropiKov \6yov. 3. irapcvtTeive, not, as Liddell-Scott, ‘strung him,’ ‘roused his energies,’ but, as Koraes, napcvtirPeKe rots eai’ToO Adyois ras ov ’Ava^aybpov yvup.as, or, if opyavov be taken to mean a musical instrument, ‘strung besides ’ i.e. availed himself of him ‘as an accessory chord.’ 5. otov Pai|v . . . vnrox«dp.€vos, ‘ insensibly (ior6) colour¬ ing, as it were, his rhetoric with (the dye of) natural science.' Kaltwasser and others understand by paep-qv the ‘ temper ’ produced by dipping red-hot iron in water, so that in their view the meaning is, ‘giving his speech more strength and expression by tempering it with physical science.’ 7. n\&TtoV : rhaedr. 270 A nacrai ouai jueyaAat t.\vwv -po'T- SeovTai afioAeo^ta? Kat /ueTewpoAoyia? vvr] 9 eteat eKT/jopov avrjj, i.e. ‘all the higher arts require over and above (their immediate discipline) a subtle and specula¬ tive acquaintance with physical science ; it being, I imagine, by some such door as this that there enters that elevation of thought and creation of all-round perfect or ideal works. And it was this quality which Pericles added to that of great natural gifts, for he fell into the hands, if I am not mistaken, of Anaxagoras, by whom he was imbued with the higher philosophy, and attained the knowledge of mind and matter (the rational and irrational principles) and drafted from those researches what was applicable to his art—that of speaking.’ Cp. c. 5, 1, Cic. Orat. c. 4, 15 with Sandys’ note, de orat. in c. 34, 138, Brut. c. 11, 44 quoted in note to c. 4, 4, Themistius Orat. xxvi p. 396 ed. Dind. (ttjc 7roAir) Uepi/cAea tnaivovaav povov /cat ’AcTTratriW, w? prjTopa? TeAecrtoepyov? tc Kat v ipT] Ao eo 1 / 5 , on e/c rrjs ’Avat-ayopov aSoAcc r\ias ravra npoati^Kv- aavTO €ts ttjv t^\vy]v. 9. to 7rpdo"opov sc. ravry tt) 10. $ir\vtyKt,pracslilit. Cp. Blass Alt. Bcredsamkeit i 2 pp. 34 ff. § 2 1. 10. t^v eir(K\T)criv, ‘his (well-known) surname’ (OMpurios). 12. diro t«v ois : the relative clause here takes the place of a noun—a construction which is rarer in Plutarch than in some other writers. For qtto, cp. c. 27, 2. {Kov for Ku/jupSoSiSaaKdXwn : c. 5, 3. 18. triro v8t] , scrio. 19. «ls aviTov : c. 13, 6, 7. em, ‘because of.’ 20. Bpontan ktA. : Arist. Acliarn. 530 :— IvreGdev opyri Ilepi/rAer/s oilAii pirios ijepetv) is of unknown author¬ ship. Plutarch might have quoted also the well-known lines from the Aijjuoi (c. 3, 4) of Eupolis (Mein, n 45S-9, Kock i 281)— KpanaT o? our05 eyei/er’ di'OponroJv Aeyeu/* birore naptXOot 5’, ojfjnvp ayaOoi. Spop-tjs, tK beica Troboj v f/pei Aeytov robs pr/ropas! Tapin' A e-yets /reV, 7rpos be y aiirov rip Ta.\ei n«0ch tis €tt€k6l9l^€V end rot? ^eiAeirtr* ovtios eioJAei 2 feat poros tuip pyropuiv to aeVrpoe cyKartAturt rots aicpotupeVoi?. 21. ot€ 8r|pr|-yopotT), optative of indefinite recurrence. 15 24. 86ivoTr|Ta : c. 4, 2 note. 25. p.6Ta ircuSids, ‘in jest,’ ‘playfully,’ 1. 18 ; Thuc. 6, 28, 1 ; Plat. Phil. p. 19 i). § 4 1. 26. toov KaXwv Kal dyaOoov av8pwv : see n. to c. 7, 2. 28. Archidamus II, King of Sparta (li.c. 469-427), com¬ manded the first two expeditions into Attica in the Pelo¬ ponnesian war, the first ten years of which are sometimes called after him ‘ the Archidamian war.’ Thucydides, who on the death of Cimon (b.c. 449) became the leader of the aristocratical party against Pericles, naturally went to Sparta when in exile. The meaning of the apophthegm is that he himself had the better case of the two and the stronger argu¬ ment, but that Pericles’ dialectic skill and adroitness made it appear otherwise to the audience. The story derives point from an allusion in Arist. Ach. 708 to the skill of Thucydides as a wrestler,—e/ceiros t/vlk’ rjv QouKuSiSr/s, KareiraXaiaev av BiiddAous Gena. The story is probably taken from Ion. Cp. Pracc. gar. rcip. § 5 {Mor. 802 c). Busolt Or. Gesch. n 513 note. 31. For KaTa(3d\o>, ‘ throw,’ a technical term, cp. Pomp. c. 18, 1 Ne,uei.XoTvpavv6TaTos ylvoiro, Mor. 326 A a.pov ov8«V : Arist. c. 26, 2 ; Polyb. in 21, 4 ; 26, 4. 38. diroXe'Xoiirc, ‘has left behind him’ (unclassical); Diog. L. 8, 58, 7, 54. ■jrX7|VTwv iJ/qcjua-pdTwv : Plutarch mentions several of his \pr)(f>icrpaTa, c. 10, 3 ; c. 17, 1; c. 20, 2; c. 25, 1 ; c. 29, 1, 8 ; c. 30, 3 ; c. 34, 2 ; others are tacitly implied in c. 11, 5. These were all probably taken by him from the xf/ychiapaTiov awayoiyi] or copies made by the antiquarian Craterus {Arist. I.e. ) after the originals preserved in the hand-writing of their respec¬ tive authors {avTbypatpa, Posid. ap. Athenae. v 214 d) in the XlqTpipov at Athens, whence they were surreptitiously removed by Apellicon, whose library being carried off to Rome by Sulla at the capture of Athens (Plut. Sail. c. 26), they were irre¬ coverably lost. See Cobet Mnemos. N.S. I pp. 97 If. Nothing is now extant which is ascribed to Pericles ; but we know 108 LIFE OF PERICLES VIII 5 from allusions in Cicero ( Brut . c. 7, 27 ; de oral, n c. 22, 93) that there existed in antiquity certain speeches purporting to he his, but which Quint. Inst. or. in i 14 pronounces spurious. 39. &Trop.vqp.oveveTcu 8’ oXC-ya iravTairacriv, 1 and (only) a very few sayings of his are recorded,’ preserved in the hearer’s recollection. Cp. § 3 Siapr-pporeieTai, Them. c. 18, 1 ; c. 11, 2. 40. olov to tt)v Atyivav kt\. See note to c. 28, 3 and to Demosth. c. 1, 2 where the same saying is quoted without the author’s name. 41. to tov irdXep.ov ktX. : the occasion was when he advised the Athenians to form an alliance with Corcyra (c. 29, 1). 43. -n-pocrc()epd|j.€vov, ingruentem, ‘coming upon them,’ cp. c. 26, 1, Herod, vil 9, 3 crol p.e\\ei tis dvriuaeadai ir6\ep.or ir p o a (pi pur. 44. o-vo-TpaTq-yu>v : Sophocles was one of the ten generals in command of the expedition led by Pericles against Samos (Strabo xiv c. 1, 18, Athenae. xm c. 81). The anecdote is familiar from Cic. dc off. i 40, 144 : bene Pericles cum habcrct collcgam in praetura Sophoclem iique de communi officio con- venissent et casu formosus puer praetcriret dixissetque Sophocles ‘ 0 puerum pulchrum, Periclc!’ ‘At enim praetorem, Sopliodc , dccct non solum mantis sed etiam oculos abstimentes habere.’ Cp. Valer. Max. iv 3 ext. 1. This remark of Pericles was found by Plutarch in Theopompus. 46. tcls \eipas . . . Ka0apas ^x eiv for Tas x e T as sadapos drai. Cp. Arist. C. 24, 4 KaXbr sal arpaT-pyiKor aX-pOus -p irepi rets Xeipas iyspaTua. § 6 1. 49. tyKwpia^oiv : c. 28, 3. 16 51. ov8£ -yap, neque enim, the negative of icai yap c. 7, 1. The sentiment of Pericles is expressed objectively as being a truism in an independent rather than a dependent clause (oi)5d yap opav) like that which follows. 53. Tawr ovv viirapxerv, ‘ that the same advantages therefore belong ’ ( i.e. immortality). The argument is : — Those who have fallen in battle receive high honour and have done great service to the state ; this much and no more we know about the gods ; if then we conclude therefrom that the gods are immortal, we must draw the same conclusion with respect to those who have sacrificed their lives for their fatherland. CHAPTER IX § 1 1. 1. ©ovKvSiSqs : n 65, 9. 2. vToypdcjjei, adumbrat. 4. inro . . . ctvSpbs apxf|v : for the gen. of the agent with otto NOTES 109 IX 1 after the verbal apxy = Tb apx«r0ai, ep. Xen. Hicr. c. 7, 5 ai urroiipylaL ai irrro cpo/Sovpivuv, Plat. Rep. 387 I) "Ilpas Seayobs virb vtfo s Kal 'Hv ’ Xdtjvalbjv irapa rots lleXoiroi 'pt]v Siavopas, ‘ the distribution of fees,’ including the salaries of the dicasts (1. 26), which came afterwards to be regarded as one means of earning a. living, and the pay and provision-money of citizens when on military or naval service. Tlie piadbs (KKA-qaLaarLKbs or payment for attend¬ ance at the public assembly was introduced at a later period by Agyrrhius; see Aristot. 'A 6-qv. woA. c. 41, 3 with Saudys’ note ad I. no LIFE OF PERICLES IX 1 9. TroX.vTtX.Tj, ‘expensive ’ (c. 3G, 1) in cliiastic opposition to avToup-yov, ‘ maintaining themselves by their own labour.’ _C]>. Time. I. 141, 5, Eur. Orest. 920 avrov pyos. oinep ko.1 poroi aut^over i yrji'. Xeil. Oec. V 4 opposes the avrov pyovq US a class lo Tovg rfj enip.e\eia ye.iopyovvTa'i, those whose farming consists in supervision. Plutarch leaves his readers to form their own judgment on the merits of the case from the actual circuinstances. 12. xrjs |i.tra|Bo\f|s, ‘ the change (for the worse), deterioration of the people.’ § 2 1. 13. wtrirtp tl'prjTai, c. 7, 3. 14. viTTfiroitiTo, 1 was for winning over,’ ‘ curried favour with.’ The word is used once by Deni, tic f. 1. § 76 iva n? oh vptiiv avTovs ol ■Pw/ceis viroTToirjtrtorrai and twice by Aristot. Pol. V (vm) 4, p. 1303 l> , 24 rov epdijuevov avrov v ne no ir\ a ar o, ’A 9. nod. C. 6, 3 e£bv avrw roug erepovs vnonoirjo’dp.evov rvpavveiv Trjg 7roAeiog. Cp. vnrj\9e C. 7, 3. 16. dvtXdpPavt, sibi conciliare studebat. For airo, see Gr. Ind. s.v. Cp. C. 34, 1, Nic. C. 3, 2 xoprjytaig avcddp.fiave rov 8rjp.ov, Tib. Gr. c. 16, 1, Mar. C. 28, 1 1179 e/enjg vnareias ojpeyero Oepanciaiq rov 8rjp.ov avadap- fi avorv, Cic. C. 36, 2 roug xapievraq a v e A ap. /3 a v e v eerrido’eaiv, Ant. e. 57, 1, Philop. C. 15, 3, Arist. Eq. 082 rrje fiovdyp> oAijj/ bfiodov Kopiavvoiq ai'aAa^w e, Aristot. Rhet. I 1, 10 7 rpo epyov eexrlv a vadafiei v rov dKpoarrjv. 17. Sgittvov . . . tw Seopevto Trape'xwv ’AG-qvcdwv : this is probably an exaggerated account. Aristot. ’A0. noK. c. 27, 3 (quoted by Plut. Cirri, c. 10, 2) limits this act of generosity to the Laciadae, his 8qporai or curiales (Cic. de off. 11 64 after Theophrastus) : 6 y dp KCpiov, are rvpavvi- Kqv overlay . . . ridv 8qporu)v erf)e fiovdopevof) and again (§ 6) rrjv oiKiav roiq nodiraiq npvraveiov anebeit-e kolvov. I lis authority was, probably, Theopompus Philippica Bk x (ap. Athenae. xn c. 44, Miiller FHG. 1 293 fr. 94), from whom Nepos also ( Cim. c. 4, 1) and Heracleides Ponticus nepi nodireiibv p. 5 borrow :—Kipiov 6 'AOqvaioq ev rot 9 aypoiq real rotg Krjnoiq oi)8eva rov Kapnov KaOiara (/ivAa/ca, 07TW9 oi fiovd.6p.evoi tojv nodndjv cicrtoereg oniopi^oivrai /cal \ap.fiavo)(Tiv, el rivos Seoivro ridv ev Totg xcopioig. eneira rr\v otKiav napeix 6 KOivpv anaaiv to 9 Selnvov del evre\eg napaerKevd^eaOai noddotg avOpionoig /cal Tovg anopov; ridv ’AOrjvaicov cieriovras 8einveiv. The expression, however, twi' x u) P‘- U)l/ rods payp.ov<; aai pidv — common to Plutarch’s two Lives — is not found in Theopompus, and appears to be taken from some other source. The whole subject has been discussed in Mnemosyne N.S. ix 5S. 18. Tons Trpeo-puTepovs djxc()Levvuwv: cp. Theopomp. 1. c. — 7 roieiv Si kclI tovto rroWaKis {(paalv avrov), oirdre rurv 7 roXirCdv nva iSol naKOJS rpiepteapbivov , KeXeveiv avreo p.eTafj.epiivvvaOai ridv veav'iaKOJV nva tlov avvaKoXovOovvTtov avrep. 22. KaTa8^p.a*ytj>*yonp.€vos, 4 out-demagoguod. ’ ‘outdone in popular arts,’ § 4 1. 33. Cp. Thcs. c. 35, 3 err^ipurv pia£eAuijOev. Sometimes also tx with the gen. of the deme is substituted. § 3 1. 25. 0£u>pt.Kois Kal 8iKa 7roAe/xapxo? /cat ap^coc, to vtiov 8e npioTT) fxev r) tov /SatriAecos, aurrj yap e£ apxrjs Sevripa 8' e-nucaTearr) < r\ 7roAe >fiap\Ca. . . . reAeuTata 8' i] < tov apxoe >tos, and § 3 veoxrrl yiyovev rj apxy peyak-q r ois 67rt0eTot5 av(;-q0elv was promoted to the titular headship of the state, the second position being reserved for the /3acriAeu?, who retained the religious functions only of the king like the Roman rex sacrificulus , the third for the polemarcli, who became a purely civil officer, and amongst other duties exercised a general superintendence over resident aliens (peToiKoi). The six remaining arclions came into existence only after the change from the decennial into the annual system B.C. 682, Aristot. 1. C. C. 3, 4 0eoyxo0€Tai 6e 7roAAois varep or QTecriv fipcOrjcrav, q8q tear' eviavrov aip< ov/xeVeoc > ras apxaq, oirioq araypa- if/avreq ra 0eV/xta i/AaTT tlov < napavo/iov >vto)v Kpiaiv ' Sio /cat IaovYj ruiv a px^c ovk. eyivero 7rAettoc [ip 6 viavaios. 8ia to (x^j . . . Xaxeiv, ‘because he liacl not been appointed by lot.’ The statement of the reason why Per. was not a Member of the Council of Areopagus is doubtless Plutarch's own, not borrowed. Aristotle and Theopompiis would not have considered such an addition necessary for their readers. H. Sauppe die Quellen PI. p. 18. 31. K\r]pa)Ta{, in contra-distinction to xeiporoi'rjrai, aiperat. Kenyon (’A Qr\v. 7toA. pp. 59 IT. ed. 1) remarks that ‘we have the following stages in the history of the method of selection to this office : (1) prior to Dracon, the arclions were nominated by the Areopagus ; (2) under the Draconian constitution, they were elected by the ecclesia ; (3) under the Solonian constitution, so far as it was not disturbed by internal troubles and IX 4 NOTES 113 revolutions, they were chosen by lot from forty candidates selected by the four tribes ; (4) under the constitution of Cleisthenes they were elected by the people in the ecclesia directly; (5) after b.c. 487 they were appointed by lot from one hundred candidates selected by t he ten tribes ; (li) at some later period the process of the lot was adopted also in the preliminary selection by the tribes.’ The nine tribes, from whom the nine archons were chosen, were selected by lot; the tenth was compensated by having 1 he election of the secretary (ypappaT€v<;) to the OtapoOtTat. This we learn from Aristotle l. c. c. 55, 1 < cvo <5t /cATjpoOeru' dtc TpoOtras par sat ypapparta tovtcus, ert 5’ ap\ovTO. Kai /laonAta sat 7roAtpapAOi', Kara ptpos tA tKtiaTTjs < Trjs > toe wayoc irple 'dc dwac (rd Aaiov) irapadip rots Tap.ta.LS, [Dem.] c. Ncaer. § 80 tylcero to. it pa. ravra Ka't artyear eis " Apt tor irdyoe ol tecta dpxocrts rats KadqKovaats qpbpa is, Hyperid. Jr. 141 ed. Ill. tovs ' ApeoiraytTas tpqalc aptOTqaacTa Ttca ki oAOaat arierat tis'Aptioc irdyov. § 4 1. 33. Sio refers to rjs auros ou pertix* 5ia to . . . Aaxeir. p.a\X.ov is to be taken with Ka.Tto-Ta.oda.cre, ‘ he overpowered in party strife’ — a word which savours of Theopompus, like Karabqp.aytoyovptcos (1. 22): see Them. c. 5, 4 with my note ad 1. lo-\vo-as, ’now that he had become powerful,’ c. 7, 5. 34. Tf|v p.tv, ‘the Areopagus on the ouc hand.’ 35. 8i’ ’Eid\Tou : c. 10, 6, Mor. 812 d iiuoted c. 7 § 6 I. 49. 36. <|>iXo\d.Kiova, c. 7, 3, Cim. c. 16. Cimon was always the staunch friend of Sparta. He wished to see the two great city-states of Greece drawing together in harmony, at peace at home and united in making war on Persia. The termination of his Lacedaemonian policy in the jealous and insulting dis¬ missal of their Athenian auxiliaries by the Spartans at the siege of Itliome and the breach which followed between the two city-states was a serious blow to his popularity. 37. t£oo-Tpa.Kicr0f)vai, ostracismo eieclum cssc. This happened B.C. 459. 38. yevei : his father was the great Miltiades, his mother Ilegesipylc, a Thracian princess. vlKas, especially that on the river Eurymedon (Pamphylia) in b.c. 468/7, when he defeated the Persians by land and sea ; Cim. cc. 12, 13 (after Callisthenes), Thuc. i c. 100, 1. 41. tv rois irepl tKtCvou, ‘in the (records) concerning him.’ Cp. C. 22, 3 ; Them. c. 25, 1 ec tois irepl (3aat\etas. I 114 LIFE OF PERICLES X 1 CHAPTER X § 1 1. 2. vo|j.o) with wpurpei>r)v, from which it is separated to avoid the hiatus in i>6pui elxe. Tots (f>€\3-yovcn.v, ‘the exiles’ (c. 22, 3). The proper technical term for those who underwent a temporary removal by ostracism would be rols pede- a TLoaif, Them. c. 11, 1, Arist. c. 8, 1 ; 8ia peVou sc. xP^Vt ‘ in the interval ’ between his removal and the expiration of the period fixed by law for its duration. The invasion took place B.C. 457. 6. e\0wv for ewaveAdtlv, reversus, as often ; cp. Pomp. c. 47, 1 rire 5i Iv aioap eA9iPv airo CTpareias Tjxparo TroAirevparos, Dion. Hal. A. R. VIII 57, 3 el pbv ed irpd^as 6 Mct/mos els OvoAoIokovs bAdou tK Ti)s cjjcyfjs, from the place where he was living in exile. 18 7. 10eTo . . . tls \d\ov to. dirXa, ‘ took up his arms to join a company.’ The Aoxos, which was a division of the ra£is, appears to have been formed of soldiers of one or more denies, according to the importance of the contingents furnished by them. Cp. dm. c. 17, 5 oi Aafibcres avrou tt)v iravovAiav els rbv Aoxov tQevTo. For the meaning of the phrase OevdaL to owAa, see my n. to Time, vii 3, 1. tuv (J>vXtT«v, ‘his fellow-tribesmen,’ members of the phyle Oeneis. Cp. Cim. c. 17, 3 Ki'/UOW' perk twv tiwAwv i)Kev els tt)v aurou tjtvA'qv ti)v OivTjidu trpbdvpos lev dpocecOat tt)v alrlav irpbs robs iroAlras. The Athenian hoplites were divided into ton rafeis according to their res¬ pective tpvAal and those who fell in battle were buried Kara /taros. 16. irdvres opaXios, ‘all alike’ ; c. 6, 2 j c. 39, 3, Sol. c. 16, 3 ov to. piv t& 5’ ovyi. irdvTa 8 opa\(o s tiriTpl^avTts. Cp. dm. c. 17, 5 O'. SI (eraipoi) per' dXXi/Xan' omo-Tarres tKOi'pu s Ikotov Svtcs (irtaov, 7roXtV avrCov irbdov Kai perapiXeiav t' ols riTiaffrioav dbiKios airoXiirSvTts toIs AOtjvo.iois. ’lhe victory rested with the Spartans in this battle, which was fought in the valley of Asopus, below Tanagra (Boeotia). It was the first occasion on which Sparta and Athens measured themselves in open conflict. 19. ‘seized on,’ often thus used with substantives denoting emotion or passion : see note to c. 20, 3. f|TTr](ieVovs pev . . . wpoirSoKwvTas be, the simultaneous con¬ currence of two things is more often indicated by re— Kai. See Them. c. 12, 1. 21. els ?tovs oSpav, ‘for the (next) summer,’ lit. ‘fine time of the year ’ or season for military operations. Cp. Tim. c. 22, 5 ios Stops &pp Siaflpoopcvovs, Mar. c. 11, 3, Dion c. 16, 3, Thuc. ii 52, 2. As to the expectation of a Spartan invasion of Attica, cp. Cim. c.. 17,^5 oube T(jj 7 rpo 9 KifUira Ov/jl u> TroAur \P °>'or ivepeivav, ra per, its’ tiitos, ior enaOov tu ptpi'TjpEroi, to be TOV Kaipov ovAAap/laroperotC veviKfjptvOL yap er Taraypa paxV peydAp Kai npooSoKioVTts e i 9 w pav irou9 orpar 1 a v II eAo 7 rorr»jcrfior in avr ov 9 eKaAovr ek rrjs i/wyijs Tor Kipojra Kai KarrjAde to \pi](fa(Tpa ypaif/avTOS aural IlepiKAeors. oiiroj Tore no\iTiKai per ijiTai’ at biaopai, peVpioi be ot Ovpoi Kai npbs to ko iror euaraKA^TOi epor, 7| it r naOuiv TO(9 tt) 9 7rarpibo9 vne^lbptl k atpo(9. In reality the Spartans gained nothing by their victory beyond the power of making their way home through the passes of Geraneia ; and two months later B.c. 456/5, the battle of Oenophyta ended in a decisive victory for the Athenians under Myronides. The Boeotians became the subject allies of the Athenians who set up democracies everywhere, and in b.c. 450/49 a five years' truce was concluded between the rival states (Thuc. l 112, I). 116 LIFE OF PERICLES X 3 § 3 ]. 24. to \|/r|<))io-(j.a "ypaij/as, ‘proposing (lit. ‘drafting’) the bill for his recall,’ for ratification by the eK/eX-gaia. tov dvSpa, i.c. tov Klfxwva, c. 4, 1 ; c. 15, 5. 25. KaTeXSwv, reversus ab exilio. This was in 01. 81, 2 = b.c. 455/4. Cp. Cim. c. 18, 1 ei)0us pev ovv 6 K ifuov ko.t eXd tlx 4Ai'cre tov it&\(/j.ov Kai 5n?AAai;e t&s TriXeis. Hostilities were suspended for four months only : a new truce was concluded in b.c. 451. 26. oIkciws el\ov . . . irpbs avTov, ‘ were kindly disposed towards him.’ Op. c. 16, 3 with note ad l. 28. dirr)\0oVTO, impei'f. from d7r7x0ev aWxderai fii'.tj. /cat tt o\<:jUotSj Dionys. Hal. A. R. VIII c. 29, 2 tois aXXois Puipaiois aTr d xb o pat t ’ ujs duvapai paXiaTa. Kai ovStiroTe piaeov auTovs iradcropai. 29. 8r)pa-yw-yots, ‘ democratic statesmen.’ § 4 1. 29. £vioi: doubtless Stesimbrotus of Chios, a contem¬ porary writer, is meant, to whom the anecdote told in § 5 is assigned in Cim. c. 14, 4. 30. ou irpoTcpov ■ypcupfjvcu . . . Tf|v Ka0o8ov ... 1), ‘ that the bill for his restoration was not drafted before that . . .’ Note that the negative is not drawn to ipao-i but goes with ypa^rjeai. This is usually the case where ou is closely connected with another thought, as here. Cp. Nuvi. c. 14, 2 (jiaal tows UvOayopiKove ovk ear, Lyc. C. 20, 2 a €yv ovk dpotpeiv \dpnos. Arist. C. 10, 8 Oil Kara Kaipbv epy nal^eiv aurouv, C. 15, 4 6 Se ou Ka\b)S ei py e\eLV ravTa aTTOKpvif/aaOaL, Flam. C. 19, 2 et Tt yavat. ou with tlie infin. in the Lives. 19 33. toa-Tc introduces the terms of the compact (eiiyeiv (c. 32, 1) in this sense is SitoKav ‘to prosecute’ (1. 64) ; aipeiv is ‘to convict,’ ‘get a conviction’; aXuvai, ‘to be con¬ victed and condemned ’; diroepedyeiv, ‘ to be acquitted ’ ( Cim. c. 15, 1, Arist. Vesp. 579, Niib. 167). The charge brought against Cimon was that he had failed in his duty after the subjugation of Thasos, when he might have acquired a portion of NOTES 117 X 5 Macedonia for Athens, had he not been bribed by Alexander, king of the country, to forego the opportunity, dm. c. 1-1, 2 eiceiOep (from Thasos) padiut? emf$r}vat Ma/ceSowta? teal 7toAAtjw a7roTepeV0ai -napaa\6p , to? ddotcei, prj 0eAtjc AOrjpaiojp ini Tipa 7rpo/3aAAo- fxepojp aii top KaTr^yopiap^ Timol. c. 3, 1. Here it means ‘to choose after nomination.' The number of advocates in cases of charges of high treason (eiaayye Ata) was limited to ten. Thus we find ten Karr/yopoL chosen by the people to bring Demosthenes and others to trial for receiving bribes from llarpalus (Dinarch. c. Dem. § 51), and the arpaT^yoi were empowered to choose from the council crwi'rjybpow? pe^pi Sc/ca, to assist in the prosecu¬ tion of Antiphon and others for npoSoaia ([Pint.] vit. decern or. S33, 25). 45. YpaOs el, Ypaus, u>s . . . 8iairpdoa-iovfi€vos, ‘ by way of formally satisfying his appointment,’ ‘to acquit himself of his commission,’ as a public Karrjyopos, lit. ‘ to do the least possible consistently with keeping 6 Kt/aom /cat 7rpos Tqu Karrjyopiav aivai- avaoP«pbv, c. 19, 4. 63. tols cvGuvas ktX. There was at Athens a ypacpr) aSudov or kdv ns tod tCov 'kO-pvaiciv dSiKrj, in cases of embezzlement of money, or any action detrimental to the public welfare. See c. 32 1. 21 with note ad l. Cp. Aristot. ’A 8. w. c. 25, 1 yevipevos rod 5r)pov Trpocrrdrys Ei^tdXrys 6 'SiOfpciviSov . . . kirtOero rf/ povXrj (run/ ’Apeo7rayi7w) ayuivas eiricf>kpui> irepl tCjv SupKr/pknor. 66. 8i ’Apio-xoSiKou : according to Antiphon or. 5 § 68, delivered c. B.C. 420, ovSIttw vvv evpyrrai. oi diroKTdvavTes, and so Diodorus XI 77, 6 rys rvKTbs dvaipcOeis dSrjXov T V V roe piov reXtvTT)v. Whoever his assassin was, he must have been a tool in the hands of the conservative party, who, deprived of the constitutional means which the Areopagus had secured to it, began to open a countermine upon the democracy by means of secret intrigues and shunned no way of furthering its design. 67. ’ApurTOT£'Xr|S : in ’A 0-qv. xoX. c. 25, 4 dvppkBr) 5k Kal 6 ' EtpiaXTijs 5oXorpovr)deis per’ ou iroXbv xpdro v Si ’ Apurr ooIkov tov T avaypaiov. 68. £reX€VTT]cre, 01. 82, 4 = b.C. 449/8, aet. 51, at the siege of XI 2 NOTES 119 Citium, a town on the south coast of Cyprus, birth-place of the Stoic philosopher Zeno, then governed by a Phoenician prince. According to most authorities, including Theopompus (Nepos Cini. c. 3) and Ephorus (Diodor, xn 4, 6) he fell sick and died. Other authorities attribute his death to a wound which he received 7rpds roils ftapfidpov s ayiovi£6ptvo$ ( Cim . c. 19, 1). Cimon’s death marks an epoch in the history of Athens. He was tho last of tlie great generals who thought it the mission of Hellas to he at war with Persia. With him closed the generation of the heroes of Marathon. For the next iifty years Greece is occupied with the duel between Athens and Sparta ( E. Abbott). ;CHAPTER XI § 1 1. 1. rjSr). . . Kal irpocrGev, i.e. before their leader Cimon’s death. Join p.e'yi.crTov ts : although they could not expect to meet with any one who would be wholly a match for Pericles, ‘ nevertheless ’ . . . tov dvTiTa cnparTtv — IV ‘ having relation to public life,’ ‘ political.’ olKovpwv, ‘staying at home ’ instead of going out to serve in war ; c. 12, 3, c. 34, 1, Hermippus JVl oipai IV. 45 (Mein, n 399, Kock i 236) tous fxkv ap' aXXous oiKOvpeiu XPV u y bk ^bdiinrov 'iv ovra. €v &5es evSitairap -rat. This consolidation of his party into a single compact body as a kind of cote clroit was the first political move of Thucydides. The eraipeiai, which he founded, were originally intended for mutual support in elec¬ tions and lawsuits, but became subsequently mere political clubs, whose object was to overthrow the democracy. See Diet. Ant. I 759 b ed. 3. Grote compares the Speech of Nicias in reference to the younger citizens and partisans of Alcibiades sitting together near the latter in the assembly— oils eyto opin' vvv ei'ddSe Tip avrw avSpt TTapaKedevOTOvs KaOripevovi ijioflovpaL kcll rots TTpeafivTepon arTcrrapaKcdcvo/jiai pij KaTcu(T)(vl'6rji'al et t(u tis TrapaKaOriTaL TuivSe (Thuc. vi 13, 1). He refers also to Arist. Eccl. 29S f. about partisans sitting close together. 21 17. tt\t|9ous, ‘(the preponderance of) numbers’ of the oi 7 roXXoi, among whom they were isolated. 18. wovayayiiv, sc. roils KaXoiis Kayadobs dvSpas. els TauTo, in unum. 19. epfSpiBrj, ‘weighty,’ a word suitable to the metaphor which follows. See n. to c. 4, 4. 20. dicr-ircp eirl jpryou poTrrjv «Tro£r|(Tev, ‘ he produced, caused a counterpoise as it were.’ Cp. Mor. 21 n oil xeipor eariv erepoiv evSo^wv airocpdaeis avTLT&TTovTas ioairep ini fnyou ptireiv trpbi Tb (3 IXtiov, Arist. c. 5, 2 yviopy Trj MiXndSou -rrpoaOtpevos oil piKpav iiroi-pae poirr)v, Cleom. c. 13, 1, Dion c. 33, 2, Phoc. c. 14, 3. XI 4 NOTES 121 § 3 1. 21. SnrXor) ns, ‘ a sort of Haw or seam, as it might he in a piece of iron.’ Op. Mor. 441 l>, 802 ii 5 Sfpuo Tas f|vias avfis, ‘ giving rein to the people ’: for the metaphor, cp. c. 7, 6 ; c. 15, 3. 29. tiroXiToveTo irpos x < 4 >iv KT ^ , ‘shaped his administration with a view to their gratification [Them. c. 3, 2) by always providing at home some public pageant or feast or procession and thus entertaining the city with elegant pleasures, and by sending out every year sixty triremes, in which many of the citizen-seamen served for eight months on full pay, being thus kept in practice, at the same time that they acquired the (proper) nautical skill.’ 32. SiairaiSaywycov, ‘ entertaining,' ‘amusing,’ a favouritp word with Pint. Anton. C. 29, J 17 fie KAeoTrdrpa aet rira Kaivrjv rjfioi'rjt* eni(j)£pov(ra /cat Xapii' SieTraifiayajyet tov 'Avtioviov, Crass. C. 22, 0 ovtw p.ev 6 /3«p/3apo? fiie7rai6ayujyT](re tout 'Puj/uatovs, Serf or. C. 10, 4 rotaura n\eKu>v napapvOia rots /3ap/3dpot? 6te7rai5ayujyet (fallcb(lt) tov Kaipov, Pflop. c. 10, 2 et? a/epa- tov no\vv KaT€f}a\ev (avrov) Kai rat? 7rept t v Tqv et-iv avocrov o-vveix^y. In this sense Plato uses it once Timas. 89 d 8 Lanai8ayioyiov Kai. 8iaTrai8ayu)yovixevo<; v(\> ai)TOV p-aXim' av /card Aoyoi' HSauppe supposes that 8ianai8ay(oyu)v . . . rjSot'at?, wliich scans as an iambic trimeter, is a verse taken from Euripides or from some comic poet. 33. ap.ov(rois : cp. Plat. Pliaedr. 240 B 7]bovT]v tivo ovk a/ j. ov¬ er ov. 35. ^irXcov, ‘served on board as oarsmen.’ 6 kto> |i.fjvas, during the time of the year proper for navigating. 36. 2p.fi«r0oi: ever since the institution of the naval con¬ federacy and the beginning of great naval operations, the 122 LIFE OF PERICLES XI 4 Athenian burghers had received an allowance for provisions (a-LTijpIa-iou Deni. or. 4, 4) for their service as hoplites or in the fleet (cp. Plut. Cim. c. 10, 1 ecpbSia tt) s arparia s, c. 9, 4 rar- trapQv p.T]vG>i> rpocpas els ras raus) ; but they did not receive pay until the time of Pericles. Cp. Aristot. ’ABrjv. 7roX. c. 27, 2, Thuc. vi 31, 3, viii c. 29, 1 ; c. 45, 2, Xen. Hell, i v 5 ; Busolt ii 5G9. fi.|xa Kat, a further object besides that of providing for them. § 5 1. 38. els Xeppovrprov : the Thracian Chersonese (mod. peninsula of the Dardanelles or Gallipoli) extending in a south¬ westerly direction into the Aegean, between the Hellespont and the bay of Melas, was colonised by one of Cimon’s ancestors, Miltiades II son of Cypselus. It was won from the Persians, who occupied it during the Persian war, by Cimon {Cim. c. 14,1) b.c. 476/5, but it was continually exposed to the incursions of the neighbouring Thracians, as appears from c. 19, 1. Hence it was considered advisable to despatch a body of 1000 kXtjpovxoi to it, which was done, according to Busolt Gr. Gcsch. n 536 Anm. 2, b.c. 448/7 = 01. 83, 1, after which time the aggregate 6po?, which was only 6§ talents, whereas the neighbouring island Paros paid more than 16 (Busolt). 40. Andros, the most northerly and one of the largest of the Cyclades, lay S.E. of Euboea. The opos of Andros had been reduced as early as 450/49 by one-half, from 12 £o 6 talents, probably because the land had been surrendered some years before it was occupied by the allottees. It is probable that Lemnos and Imbros also were occupied by cleruchs about the same period. Busolt l. c. n p. 538. rj|Ji{)t£s) classes (e’e AepeAN ex0HTcoN kai ze-^y >titwn lENAI TOyC KOyc). See note to 1. 47 rac anopiai roC Sripov. If the numbers given by Plutarch and Diodorus are to be trusted, nearly 0000, if not 10,000, citizens must have left Athens between 400-410 b.c. This does not include those sent to Lemnos, Imbros, Amphipolis and Aegina. Gilbert Handb. d. Gr. St. l 2 p. 504. 42. els ’TraXlav : the name was applied by the Greeks to a part only of the Peninsula, south of the country which after¬ wards bore the name of Bruttium. See Thuc. vn 33, 4 with my n. ad l. 43. avoiKi^opevqs: Fulir quotes from Timol. c. 39, 3 ras p-eyLoras rum dvaaraTuiv rroAeum olKlcras, to show that there is no necessity to correct the MSS. reading otKt^op^prjs : but per¬ haps dvonaVas may be the correct reading in that passage. Sybaris was one of the two most famous and oldest Achaean settle¬ ments in Magna Graeeia. Both it and its rival Clotona stood on the shores of the gulf named after the Dorian city of Tarentum. Its luxury and commercial prosperity, which it owed to its position between two seas and its carrying trade, became proverbial. About seventy years after its utter destruction by the Crotoniates (b.c. 510), the Sybarite refugees returned B.c. 452 and rebuilt their ruined city at a short distance from the ancient site. But their old enemies soon expelled them and levelled their newly-built walls to the ground. A few years later the exiles combined with a body of Athenian and other colonists under Lampon and Xenocritus in the foundation of the great Panhellenic settlement of Tlmrii B.c. 443 at a spot not far from the site of the ruined Sybaris, where there was a fountain named Thuria(Diod. Sic. xu 10). 44. irpoo-q-yopewrav, an unclassical form for irpoaehrov. See 22 Cobet Far. L. p. 39, Nov. L. p. 778. 45. diroKomfiljMV, ‘by way of easing, relieving,’ cp. c. 9, 1. 46. eTra.vop9ovp.fvos, ‘ by way of redressing ’ ; cp. Cleotn. c. 16, 4 avaipeoiv 7 rXovrov Kai irevias tirav(ip6utriv. Plutarch’s state¬ ment is to a certain extent confirmed by the rider to the decree which was carried by Phantocles ; see n. to 1. 41. For awopias, cp. Dem. de f. 1. § 146 eviropias KTr/para 7 rXovrov avrl rwv eaX&Tijjv o.tt opiQr. 47. <|>dPov Kal <{>povpdv . . . TrapaKaxoiK^uv rots a-uppa-xois, LIFE OF PERICLES- XI 5 124 ‘by way of establishing settlements in the neighbourhood of tlie allies to over-awe and keep a watch on them.’ 48. tou pt) veoiTepC^iv, not with tfipovpav, as Stegmann p. 25 takes it, comparing Crass, c. 20, 2 i'Aasa roO pq KUK\u6rjvai rbv irorapbv ?x 0VTai t but an infinitive of purpose. This final use of the articular infill, is seen first and chiefly in Thucydides, only twice (i 5, 1, vm 39, 4) without pfi. CHAPTER XII § 1 1. 2. ^v«yK€, c. 18, 2. 3. povov, without any other evidence. 4. pap-rupei, c. 22, 1. pf| \]/cu8eo-0ai, ‘was not mis¬ represented,’ ‘was not a mere romance.’ The passive as in [Dein.]av KaTao-Kenr), ‘ the construction of the sacred edifices,’ here designated as ‘ votive offerings.’ The entire temple of the Parthenon should be regarded as one vast dvaSqpa to the national deity, rather than as a place for her worship. (Cp. c. 14, 1 ; Dem. or. c. Andr. § 76 tu>v avaOpparuv ruv ew' (Keivois (tois bpyoLs) aradlvnov to k&Wos, tTpoiruXaLa ravra, o irapdevuiv, with Wayte’s note ad l. That 11. 10-24 contain an extract from a public speech is shown by ppa .s 1. 21 : the reply of Pericles follows 1. 26-1. 42. See HSauppe p. 26. 11. KaKus aKoua : c. 5, 2 ; c. 29, 3. xa Koiva . . . pera-yayciv, ‘for transferring the common treasure of the Hellenes from Delos to its own keeping.’ The removal of the confederate Treasury (rapLelov Thuc. i 96, 2) from the sanctuary of the Delian Apollo and the old Ionian place of gathering to the temple of Athena on the Acropolis at Athens took place B.c. 452/1, twenty years after the institution of the league. It was elfected on the proposal of the Samians in the interest of the Confederation (Theophrastus ap. Pint. Arist. c. 25, 2) because of the insecurity of Delos against an attack of the Persian fleet. Justin Hist, in 6, 4 assigns a different reason : —ne deficientibus a fide societatis Lacedacmo nils praedae ac rapinae esset. The entire administration of the league and its funds was conducted at Athens, and in both ordinary and official language the Athenian empire (rj 1 A6r]vaiun' apxq Thuc. v c. 18, 7 ; c. 47, 2) was substituted for r) 'AOrivaiuiv trvppaxioL (CIA. i 9), its original designation; while the tributaries were called merely iroAeis (CIA. i 31, 37, 40 etc.); cp. Arist. Acli. 192, 500, 630, 043, Eq. 802, Vesp. 657, 707, Eupolis’ IIoAeis. I t is uncertain what became of the Synod. The city-states probably lost together with their autonomy their right of voting, so that their meetings became gradually less frequent XII 3 NOTES 125 and in course of time ceased to exist without any formal abolition. Busolt Or. Ciesch. n p. 417. The lists of the different quotas of the op oi, as fixed by the Hellenotamiai, date from this period. A new assessment was made every four years (Aristot. 'Ad. iroA. c. 3,5). The Quota-lists show that there was one in 450, 446 and 439 B.c. 12. irpos avTOV = ’Agrafe. § 2 1. 13. ?veo-xiv aiiTio, ‘is possible for him,’ Xen. Cyr. it i 25 ovk ivijv w pbcpaais paove^ias. tous «Y Ka ^°*' VTas ’ ‘his detractors,’ c. 29, 3. 14. euirp€ir«(TTa.TTp ‘ most specious. ’ 15. Seto-avTa, sc. t'ov Sijpov : translate ‘the most plausible of the pretexts, viz. that it was because the people were afraid of the barbarians that . . .’ Ruhl Jahrb. f. kl. Phil. 97, 071 suspects Ephorus to be the author of this statement. But, according to Justin hi 6, Ephorus regarded the re¬ moval of the treasure as a precautionary measure against the robbery of the Peloponnesians. He placed it in b.c. 459 (Spring) before the battle of Halieis, when the Corinthian-Aeginetan fleet was still dangerous. It could scarcely be from fear of the Persians merely, when the war in Egypt took a bad turn and a Phoenician fleet appeared in the offing. 16. tv 6\vpu>: so Flam. c. 8, 1 iv fipaxd, Arist. Eccl. 320 iv Kadaptp, in loco puro, 7'h. 292 iv xaXip, in loco opportuno. 17. dvppr)K«, sustulit, ‘has made impossible’ viz. by his disposal of the tribute-money for beautifying Athens. Cp. the complaints of the Lesbians at the moment of their revolt in the fourth year of the Peloponnesian war (Time, hi 10, 2). 20. to£$ elo - <{>epop.evois vir’ avTfjs dvayKalws, ‘with the con- 23 tribution paid by her under compulsion.’ See Cim. c. 11, 1, Tliuc. I 99, 1 oi yap 'Adqvaioi dspifilbs (wpaooov (ras eVSeias) . . . irpoodyovres ras av ay k as. 21. irpos tov irdXfp-ov, ‘ for the war ’ against Persia, which was the original object of the povpovvTwv, ‘ those on garrison duty. ’ 53. to oiKoupovv, c. 11, 4 ; c. 34, 1, Arist. Ach. 1060. •jrpoao-iv, ‘title,’ ‘claim.’ § 6 1. 55. oiTou, as in c. 13,11. So Shakspeare uses ‘where ’ for ‘ whereas.’ The protasis extends to yxvbfxeuov 1. 68 ; the conclusion is contained in eis iraaav . . . evwopiav. liXq rjv, ‘ there was as material,’ c. 16, 1. Aristot. Pol. 1 3, 1 p. 1256 a 8 X4yw 54 v\t)V to inroKeifievov, 4£ oC ti airoTcKcLTai Ipyov, olov {/(jiavTrf fxlp 4pia, avSpiaPTowojip 54 yctA/cov. 56. TavTqv, SC. rrfv v\tjp. 57. t4ktov 6S, as if Te^i/?Tai had preceded. See n. on 1. 65. 58. irXdo'Tai., ‘artists who moulded in soft materials (clay or XII 7 NOTES 127 wax),’ ‘ modellers’; the term afterwards was applied also to those who worked in metal, or statuary of any kind, stone or marble. 59. xpucroO paXaKT-fjpes is used for xP vi7 7>x 00 ', tlie common term, probably because p.a\aKTTjpe s is applicable also to i\e'‘ r ’)s, as it appears to be used here, cp. Ages'll. c. 26, 5 SeiWepov eKgpvTTe to bs xaA/ceis, dra riKTovas e!ji }s sac olnodu/uovs teal tuiu HWotp T exvaiv eKaoTr)!'. 66. On 18 uott|v )( TexriTTjp, cp. Plat. Thcag. 124 c tCiv tc Srjp.ioi'pywv sal iSiaiTuiu, and see my n. to Them. c. 27, 3, Xen. Bier. c. 4, 6. 67. a-uvT€T(ry|i.«vov, the opposite of dai’VTaKTOP 1. 45. 12S LIFE OF PERICLES XII 7 CS. ws ibros eiirtiv, ‘ so to say,’ an absolute infinitive qualify¬ ing waaav, and implying that it is not to be taken literally, G. MT."- § 777, 1. C9. irdcrav vuri.v, ‘every kind of capacity.’ CHAPTER XIII § 1 1. 1. dvapaivovnov depends on to Taxos. virep- qcj>dvau'oplv-q xjXapvs avrcp . . . epyov vwepr), in the double sense of iv noXXip ypivip, in multo tempore, and npbs noXvv xpbvov (§ 3 1. 1), in multum tcmpus, ‘for a considerable time.’ Cp. Mor. 94 F 6 ZePfis alriupiivuv ai'Tov tivwv oti faypaepei fipaSiuts “OpoXoyib" elnev “ iv noXXip XP°vip ypdtpeiv, Kal yap els noXov,” where Wyttenbach quotes a similar retort from Valerius Max. hi 7 ext. 1. The yap explains the saying of Zeuxis. tvxtptta, ‘dexterity.’ Cp. [Lucian] Amor. c. 11 vpvelrai Si tovtov (sc. tou iepov) t6 rijs Tlpa^iriXovs evxepelas Hvtios inatppbSnov. 14. pdpos . . . povipov, ‘permanence,’ ‘lasting solidity’: ipyui with ivrldrjai. 15. 6 8’ els tt|v ye'veo-iv to irovu irpoSaveurGets \pdvos . . . W|v diroSi8toXrip.a rrj epvaei Tr\v yiveaiv dnoSiSbvTwv, 796 It 8aa, Kadanep ra ipap/iaKa, SaKvei napaxpvpa . . . rb 81 KaXov Kal XvcrireXls uarepov anoSlSioai. For yiveais, ‘production,’ cp. Flat. Rep. 281 It E rrjs yeviaeios rijs twv IparUcv, Lcijg. 920 E dpydviav re Kal ipyuiv anoreXoCvres yiveaiv fp/uadov. § 3 1. 17. 89ev, ‘for which reason,’ c. 2, 2 ; c. 3, 2. 19. ev oXtytp sc. xP^vy. 20. dp\aiov, ‘ antique,’ the idea being that the age and beauty of a work of art were identical. aKpfj, ‘in freshness.’ 21. ■n p pdaraTov, ‘ modern ’: see my n. to Them. c. 24, 2 ed. 3. olinos eiravOel Kaivorqs aet tis, ‘ there is such an everlasting bloom, as it were, of freshness on the surface.’ Cp. Mor. 54 r> al ru>v tplXuv xdpires ini KaXip tivi t 6 evippaivov iianep inavOovv exovaiv, Lucian Pseud. 29 8aa &XXa KaXa rols aols Xdyois inavdei. K 130 LIFE OF PERICLES XIII 3 22. &0lktov, ‘intact.’ Cp. Pyrrh. c. 3, 5 8o.kth\ov diva6y koX &6iktov {nrb tou irvpbs. Elsewhere dducros takes a simple gen. as in Hum. C. 20 iraays Kaalas &6 iktov SiatpvXarrovGa rbv (Mov, Cim. C. 10, 8 avrov &8 iktov in rrj iroXiretq. SwpoSoKlas ira.pl<7x (v • or a dat. as Pomp. c. 23, 3 rah rwv tvoWCjv ivreb^ai Kai avvydelais HOlktov oibyevos deli' rb a^wpa Siarypeiu. 23. 8Larr)po«(ra, ‘preserving’: Polyb. VII 8, 7 diary pel v iravra ra rod triojuaros pipy afiXafiy. 24. ayr|p(o : TllUC. II C. 43, 2 rbv dyypwv erraivov : c. 44, 4 rb tyiKbripiov dyypiov pibvov. § 4 1. 25. Sicittc, ‘ administrabat.' 26. tcaiTOi with participle instead of the usual Kaiirep is very rare in classical Greek, hut not uncommon in Plutarch and Polybius. G. MT § 861. 29. IlapOcvuiva, ‘ the temple of Athena ITap^yos ’ (not Tolias) on the south side of the Acropolis, the most magnificent relic of Periclcan times. It was built of white marble of Pentelicus on the site of the old temple—called from its dimensions 'EKariV7re5os (veibs) — which had been burnt by the Persians. It was divided into three chambers, the Pronaos (irpbvews) at the East entrance, the Hecatoinpedos into which this opened, the western portion of which formed the Parthenon proper, where a number of articles were kejit for use at festival time, and behind this the Opisthodomos, where the money-treasures were deposited. The middle chamber, the cella proper, where the colossal chryselephantine statue of the goddess was placed, preserved the original length and was called to eKarbpirebov in a narrower sense. The entire temple measured 228 feet in length from East to West, 100 in breadth and 64 in height. 30. elp-yd^€TO, ‘was the architect of.’ According to Pausanias viti 41, 9 and Strabo Geogr. ix c. 1, 12 it was the work of Ictinus alone, who was the designer also of the beautiful temple dedicated to Apollo Epicureios at Bassae (Arcadia), a complete frieze from which is now at the British Museum. Leake suggests that Callicrates may have been no more than the contractor (ipyo\af3os) for building the temple, as he was for the long wall, 11. 37-39. to tv ’EXtvo-ivi TtXtcrrfipiov : the Attic deme Eleusis was situated on a bay of the same name opposite Salamis, about a dozen miles from Athens, with which it was connected by the Sacred Way (y iepa 656s), which was also the principal strategic and commercial artery of Attica leading to the Peloponnesus. It was a place of especial sanctity in the eyes of the Athenians, being the chief seat of the worship of the venerable goddess Demeter, in whose honour and for the XIII 5 NOTES 131 celebration of whose mysteries the temple here mentioned was erected — a building considered as one of the greatest master¬ pieces of the age. The temple had no outward facade till the time of Demetrius Phalereus. The lower storey (75aos)— which was nearly a square, measuring 175 by 179 feet'—con¬ tained six rows of seven Doric columns, which divided the interior space into seven parallel naves. These supported a gallery with a second colonnade (toi)s &vw ictovas). The whole was surmounted by a cupola roof with a central opening (o-rrcuov) for the admission of light. The temple was built on this large scale (oxXov Searpov Si^aadae Swapeevov, Strabo lx c. 1, 12) to accommodate the crowd of worshippers who flocked to it from all parts at the annual celebration of the mysteries in the autumn. According to Strabo l. c., the architect was Ictinus. 33. rots eincrTvXCois iire^€v|«v, ‘ connected them by means of (‘joined them to’) their architraves,’ Herod. VII 36, 7 Sevres 57 (rods Koppious) eire^ijs evrauOa avOis e it e tpe vyv vov i.c., arte inter se constrinxerunt, as Schweighaeuser interprets. 31. Quire-rios, ‘of the deme HuWtt;,’ in the Ke/cp07ris . Herod, ix 65, Athenae. p. 167 F 'EXeuiriW re pj.v<7TT)pl«cr€ (not,as Liddell-Scott, ‘finished’ but) ‘vaulted.’ to MaKpov tcl^os, i.e. to 6ta /re'aou Telcos (Plato Gorg. 455 e) or to votiov t. as it was named. The space between the two long walls (oweA-q) already built — one extending between four and five miles from the western wall of Athens to the north-west edge of Piraeus (to Bopeioc), another nearly due south of Athens to the eastern edge of the harbour of Phalerum (to 4>aA>jpi/cdi') — was broad, and, if in the hands of an enemy, the communi¬ cation with Piraeus would be interrupted. Pericles, accordingly, induced the people to.construct a third or intermediate wall, running parallel with the lirst wall to Piraeus and within a short distance (less than a furlong) from it, so that the communication between the city and its port might be kept open, if either of the outer walls happened to be surprised by an enemy. They could never separate Athens from the sea. The actual length of the north wall, according to Curtius-Kaupert, was 40 stadia, that of the Plialeric 35. See Busolt Gr. Gesch. n p. 4S5 Alim. 3. 38. 2o>KpdTr|S : in Plato’s Gorg. 455 E nept/cX7ous 57 /cat airrbs ijnovov ore ovve(ioi’\evev pplv ire pi rod 5 ta ptoov retyovs. tto-qyoope'vov ■yviipqv, ‘when he was introducing a motion.’ See n. to Them. c. 20, 2. 132 LIFE OF PERICLES XIII 5 39. rjp-yoXdPqo-e, 1 undertook the contract for. ’ 41. Kpa-rtvos : tlie passage is from an unknown play. It is quoted aiso Mor. p. 351 A (’Icro/cpd'njs) ockoc icaOrjaro j3i[3\lov avawXaTTWV . . . oaip XP^ V V T “ w poirtiXcua UepLKXijs aviar-qae Kal tovs iKaTop-rriSovs' Kairoi Kal toutov cos fipaS^uis avSovTa rocs fyiyocs (in.aKunrT03v Kparioos outco 7 rcos A4yec irepl tov Sia p.1 tov reckons, X 6 yoccrc 7 dp a vt6 Trpoayec Ilepc k X^ 77 s, Ipyoiai S’ ouSi Kivel. 43. AoroiCl • • • kingT, an iambic tetrameter catalectic. The meaning is ‘ he has been long professing to go on with it, but in fact does not even advance it a step.’ ‘ It does not appear’ says Thirlwall ‘whether the motives to which this delay was imputed were such as to call his integrity into question.’ 44. The Odeum or ‘Music Hall’ of Pericles (so called to distinguish it from that built, about a.d. 150, by Herodes Atticus in honour of his deceased wife Regilla) lay at the south¬ east corner of the Acropolis, by the side of the theatre of Dionysus. It was finished between 444 and 437 b.c. and burnt B.c. 86 at the capture of Athens by Sulla, but restored on the original plan shortly afterwards. SiaOecrei, ‘ arrange¬ ment,’ ‘plan.’ For the dat. see n. to c. 3, 2. tro Xv- eSpov, ‘ with many tiers of seats ’ raised one above another. 45. TroXecr-ruXov : Theophrastus Char, xvill represents the garrulous man as asking irotxoi eicrl slope s tou ’QiSelou; irfpiKXive's ktX., ‘ with a round roof sloping from a single point.’ In this respect it differed from a theatre, which it resembled in its semi-circular form. 47. tt|s PacrcXecos crKrjvfjs : Pausari. 1 20, 4 fare oe 7 rXijcrcoj' tou re Upov tou Atovuaov Kal tou 8eaTpov KaTaoKetiao/xa, TroupBijuat 54 tt/s (TKTjvijs auTo els /.dfx-qmv tt )s H4p£oc X^yerac. Vitruvius ( de Archit. 5, 9) records a tradition that the woodwork was made out of the masts and yard-arms of the Persian ships that fought at Salamis : exeuntibus e theatro sinistra parte Odeum, quod Thcmistodes, columnis lapideis dispositis, navium malis ct antennis e spoliis Persicis pertexit. Cp. c. 3, 1 with note. 48. Kal towtoj, sc. tO 'ChSeUp ‘this as well as the Long Wall.’ § 6 1. 49. 4v ©pccTTais : nothing is known of the subject or contents of this play, which is said to have taken its name from the chorus composed of female house-slaves at Athens. Kock CAF. 1 p. 34 after Bergk thinks that it may have had something to do with the worship of the Thracian goddess Bendis (Plat. Peep. 1 1), who had a temple, as we know from XIII 7 NOTES 133 Xen. Hell. 11 iv 11, in the Piraeus, and that the chorus was composed of Thracian women engaged in her service. 51. cxiNOKe&Aoc ktA.: see note on c. 3, 2. 53. e’neiAH ToycTpAKON n&pofxeT&i, ‘ now that the pot¬ sherd is a thing of the past,’ not ‘he has past hy the ordeal of the potsherd,’ i.e. ostracism, cp. c. 14, 2. The sentence fell on Thucydides in the spring of B.c. 444, and the ©parrai was probably acted in the following year. 55. rots IlavaGrivalois : the article is usually absent from the names of festivals when used as indications of time ; the absence of the preposition is normal. The Panatlienaea, the greatest of Athenian festivals, was kept in honour of Athena every fourth year with extraordinary magnificence (ra peyaXa Ilav.), and lasted six days. To the usual equestrian, gymnastic and other contests (CIA. ii 965) Pericles added those of flute- players, singers and citliarists, but only at the Greater festival. 56. d0\o06Tn$ aLpe0as: the locus classicus on the athlo- thetae and their functions is Aristot. ’Ad. wo\. c. 60, 1 kX ripovai SI Kal dOXoffiras Shea <&>vSpas, Sva r?)s rri, Kai SiOiKovm tt]v re iropirpv tojp Uava0T]vatuv Kal top dyuva ttjs povaiKrjs Kal top yvpviKOV aywva Kal tt]v hnroSpoplav, Kal top TriwXov noiodpTai, Kal roils dpepopeis Troioovrai pera rijs povXrjs, Kal tS ‘iXaiov rois adAi/rats diroSiSiaai. avXXiyerai Si tS eXacop < a > nb tup popiuv . . . oi Si Taplai t6p pip &XXov xpovov Tt)povcnv (to tXaiop) iv aKponoXec , tois Si Ilavadrjvalois dwoperpoutn tois adAoderais, oi S’ aOXodiTai tois viKum tup dyuviaTuv. cctti yap S.6 Aa . . . rots tov yvpviKbv ayuva Kai Tpv iirwoSpopdav (viKumv) iXaiov. Again in e. 62, 2 dOXodiraL S’ iv wpvTavdip Senrvovm top iK aiuva prjva, 6av fj Ta X\ava6r]vaia, dp^dpevoi airo tt )s TerpdSos ioTapivov. Plato Legg. VI 764 c, l> speaks of them as povcnKr/s Kai yvp- vaoTiKTjs HpxovTes : cp. vni 835 A, xi 935 E, 955 a. It was one of the offices of little or no political importance and was filled by open vote. Cp. Pollux 8, 93, 88, CIA. i 188, 5 ff., where an account of the sums disbursed to the athlothetes in the archonsliip of Glaucippus, i.e. 01. 92, 3, is given, Schubert da acdil. pp. 52-57. The ten adXodiTai had the appointment to Aei Tovpylai. at the Panatlienaea, as the Arclion had at the greater Dionysia, and the BacriAei's at the Lenaea : see [Dem.] adv. Bocot. dc nom. § 9. In the Did. of Antiq. ed. 3, vol. i p. 44 b, they are still wrongly identified with dyuvodlTai (c. 36, 3), but not so in vol. ii p. 327 b. § 7 1. 58. tov ixWov \povov, ‘in later, after times.’ 60. rd npoirvAcua. The Propylaea — the greatest and 27 134 LIFE OF PERICLES XIII 7 most beautiful work of Pericles after the Parthenon—formed the great gateway of the Acropolis and covered the whole of its west end, which was 168 feet broad. It was constructed entirely of Pentelic marble and took live years ( wevTaeriav ) to build, between b . c . 437 (the year after the consecration of flic Parthenon) and 433. For an account of the original plan of Mnesicles and the supposed subsequent modifications of it, see Miss Jane Harrison I. c. 355 IF. It was destroyed by an ex¬ plosion in 1656. Cicero (de off. ii 60) says that Demetrius Phalereus found great fault with Pericles quod tantam pedimiam in pracclara ilia Propylaea conieccrit. His censure is not surprising if Iiarpocration’s statement, taken from Philochorus, that it cost 2012 talents, is to be relied on. Col. Leake, how¬ ever, considers it a great exaggeration. 63. irepC, c. 32, 1. 64. ep.qvucr€v . . . ovik curocrTaTovia-av, ‘ indicated that she did not stand aloof from.’ Cp. Mot. 613 b oiire Tiros 7rai5tas . . . airotrrarciv, 758 A ov pyv ovSe voaoCvros avdpuwov 8eos airo- ararel. . . a\V ovd' airodavovTos. Note that Plutarch always uses oi’>, not py, after the verbs a.woa\r) MeSovtnjs eAe'c/iarro? etmi' kp.nenOLTipieyT], kou N 1 / 071 / 6 x €L P L $6py /cat 01 TTpos rots noaiv acrnis re Ketrat Kai ttAy\(Tlov too Soparos SpaKOiU k rou ayaA/aaro? ^netpyaafidinq ITat/fiwpas yevcais. tt) o-tt)\t), ‘ the block ’ or ‘ slab ’ of marble on the Acropolis inscribed with the record of the buildings, accounts, etc. 77. < Karra >• ■yt-ypairrcu : ‘ lias been publicly recorded. ’ Cp. Sol. c. 25, 1 Kareypacpyaav (oi v6poi) els l-v\ivov s tx-t-ovas. The technical word in Attic would be avayeypanrai (as Aristot. ’Ad. 7ro\. c. 53, 4 els aryKyv x a ^ K V v dvaypdepov r ai, C. 54, 3 ev rats erryXaxs av aypdepe rai), and this is Cobet’s conjectural reading, but it leaves an awkward hiatus. 78. sir avT<3, ‘ under his control. ’ Cp. c. 18, 1. cos tippKap.ev, § 4. 80. tco pe'v, i.e. Phidias. 82. tXevGepas . . . yuvaiKas, c. 31, 1. «ls to ?pya 4>oiTcocras, ‘ whenever they paid a visit to the works,’ Phidias, as chief inspector, conducted them round. § 10 1. 84. : c. 32, 2 5exop.lvov rds SiafioXas. ol kwjjukoC, c. 3, 3 ; c. 16, 1. 85. tto\Xt)v acrtX'yuav avTov KaTurKtSacrav, ‘ poured upon him (Pericles) a shower of wanton invective.’ Cp. Thes. c. 16, 3 oi Tpayueoi woWyv dm) rod Xoyelov Kai rys OKyvys aSo^lav avrou KareaKlSaaav cos fiialov yevoplvov, Mur. 10 C ’ Apiaroepavovs reduav vfipiv avrou Karaa k e Savv vvros, Lucian Eunuch. § 2 6\as ap.dt.as fiXaetpyptuv KareaK^Satrav aXXyXoiv, Dem. da cor. § 50. 86. us, ‘in regard to,’ ‘concerning.’ Cp. c. 13, 2; c. 29, 2 cos dv TTpooSiapXydeiy pdWov els rbv XaKaivLtrpbv. 87. {i7rocrTpaTT)yo0vTos, ‘ who served as lieutenant under him,’ Mor. 812 I) IlfpcaX^s Mevlmrui plv lxPV T0 7r P°s tccs arpa- ryylas. 136 LIFE OF PERICLES XIII 10 90. alrCav ei\€ = yrtaro. See Gr. Ind. s. v. tx* 1 - 1 '- vi6vai, clam submitlere, stnpri pretium. 91. e-n-X/qa-iaiJe, c. 24, 2. § 11 1. 92. Kal ti : sal is thus prefixed to interrogatives, when an abrupt urgent question is put. craTepiKoes, irpos cuppoSlata Karaipepeis, c. 5, 4. 93. Tots ptois, c. 27, 4, c. 39, 2 ; Galb. c. 16, 2 aaropiKoi tocs [Slots tdvdpwrroi. Plutarch gives his judgment of the ancient comedy in hlor. 711 r: run Se Kiopupbtujv rj per ap\ata 6la ttju afiofxaXtav dvdppotTTOs drOpiimois TTtvovtrtv ' r) re yap e v rat? Ae^o/xfiVats napapaaeatv avrwi^ crnovSr] Kal nappr^ata ktau afcparos etrrt Kal (rvvrovo s, rj re npbs Ta CKiiju.p.ara fcal ^w/xoAo^ta9 ev^epeia 8 clvo)s, usque adco, with xa~Keivbv, § 3 1. 21. 99. 8uo-0rjpaTov icr-ropCa, ‘hard for history to come at,’ or ‘difficult to be tracked by historical inquiry.’ 101. STrnrpocrBovvTa, i.q. iwlirpoodeu bvra, ‘intercepting,’ ‘obstructing.’ Mor. 471 C rotaura woWa irXouTtp irpbaeOTtv adt]\a Tots iroXKots ‘ eir twpoo 6 e? yap o rutpos. 29 103. 0ovoi.s, c. 2, 3 ; c. 5, 3. 104. x a P l S°l J -« ,,T l> ‘by way of showing favour,’ participle co-ordinated with dative of means or manner. CHAPTER XIV § 1 1 . 1 . Tv wept tov 0 ovkv 8 £ 8 t]v, ‘ tliose belonging to the party of Thucydides,’ including Tliuc. himself. 2. o-ira0wvTos, ‘squandering’; a cant phrase. For tos,cp.c. 5,4. XIV 2 NOTES 137 Cp. Mor. 108 A nai'Ta aKpiTWS '/teptrai /cat trJiafiarat (raparTerat V. f.) ra Twr ar0pojrR.tr, Lucian (?«//. C. 29 Tapa ot/TOt <77ra0utcri Tor KaKoOatporoc, Prom. C. 19 rj KaKeiror atTtatr0c tit? owaOu) rra rpt-otr to Krrjfia ; Cdtapl. C. 20 ocra TaAarra 6 tcAppoi’opos' T]T)oavTos tov Srjf. too: cp. c. 12, 3 1. 25. 7. ep.ol 8c8aTravT]cr0to sc. aura, ‘ let it liave been expended by me,’ ‘ let the cost be put to my account.’ For the dative of the agent, cp. c. 33, 7. ‘ The offer, if it had been accepted, could not, of course, have been made good. But it was probably only meant to signify the firm reliance which Per. placed on the liberality of his countrymen ’ ( Thirluall ). The anecdote, however, is probably apocryphal. tujv dva0T|pdTajv : c. 12, 1. 8. IStav epavrov iroirj(ro|i.ai, 1 1 will have stand in my own private name.’ For tQv apad-q/j-druv, see n. to c. 12, 1. § 2 1. 10. irpos, ‘at,’ 1 in view of,’ as c. 5, 2: see Gr. Ind. s. v. 11. tt)v 8o£av . . . tu>v epyaiv : cp. c. 31, 4. 13. \opq-yeiv, suppeditare. On the various constructions of this verb, my n. to Sull. c. 12, 2 may be consulted. Cp. XopTpyds c. 16, 5 ; x°PVy^ a c - 9> 3- Tt’Xos, ‘finally.’ 14. dywva irepl row ocrTpaKou, ‘a contest about the shell,’ i.e. as to which of the two should be ostracised, as in c. 13, 6. This happened in the spring of 444 b.c. = 01. 84, 1, simulta¬ neously with the conclusion of the Thirty Years’ truce. On the original purpose of os t racism, cp. Alcib. c. 13,4 to oorpaKov hn- (tepeiv tjUeAAei/, a> koAovovtcv aet tov npov\OVTO. 6o£t) Kat burapfl Tojr TroAtTUjr cAauroutrt, Aristot. Pol. HI 8, 4 p. 12S4 b , 36 6 yap 6 15. But in'course of time it was used as a means to prevent mischief arising from political factions (a-rdtreis) by getting the leader of the opposition out of the way, and leaving the majority free to follow their hunt without let or hindrance. See Sandys on Aristot. 'AS. no\. c. 22, 1 and the authorities quoted by him ad l. 16. rf|v . . . tTcupeCav, c. 11, 2. The dissolution (raraXiam c. 2, 1, c. 25, 1) of the oligarchical faction followed as an immediate consequence of the disappearance of their leader, and for the next fifteen years Pericles controlled the destinies 138 LIFE OF PERICLES XIV 2 30 of tlie imperial city. The opposition lies between ixdvov and ryv eraipdav : lienee we should have expected either 6£4/3a\e ph eKdvov or Tyv S’ dvTLTeraypbvyv iraipdav KarbXvae. Cp. C. 20,1. CHAPTER XV § 1 1. 1. u>s, postquam. 2. oiov opaXfjs, ‘level as it were,’ because of the removal of a great obstruction. 3. irepirivtyKEV els eauTov : Galb. c. 8, 1 avXXyfiSyv bpov 7 rdvra wpaypara ipcptov n e pLTjv ey Kev eis eavrov. Cp. C. 6, 2 eis 6 'mansuetus, ‘tame,’ ‘submissive.’ Cp. Demetr.-Ant. o. 6, 2 oivio Kal yaerjpi Ka.9d.nep to. £u>a x '■ ipor/Gys ycvopcvos, Mor. 139 B 6 npaovs napex^i Kal x e L P°y 0 e 1 ? aAAyyAot?, Xen. Oec. c. 7, 10 €7rel t/Stj poc porjOrjs ( uxor ), Deii). Olynth. in 31 TL0as to PcXticttov, ‘ to the, best interests of the common¬ wealth. ’ 18. op0rj Kod. avcy/cXPra/, ‘ straightforward and unswerving.’ § 3 1. 19. irtfGwv, ‘by moral suasion.’ t|v 8’ 8re = ei 'lore 8e, c. 3, 2 ; c. 24, 3. 20. aaC intensive of pd\a, c. 25, 2. KaTcercCviov, slringens habenas, ‘drawing the rein tight, pulling in.’ Cp. C. 33, 5; Popl. C. 13, 3 oi Si imrot n ToyOevres terro tv den ra^et . Sxovres T ° v y v <’°X 0V > oiSiy yv (pyov clutou Ka.Ta.Tetv ovtos ov5e TrapyyopovvTos. For the metaphor, cp. c. 11, 4. irpoo"pi.(3d^u)v tu) o'vpepovri, ‘ bringing to a certain feeling (prevailing upon) on the ground of expediency.’ Cp. Cat. mi. c. 36, 2 iStq. rots oivovpivots StaXeybpevos /ecu tt poa fhpd^tov CKatTTov, Arist. Eq. 35 ev it poo [hfid^eis pte, Av. 426 uis croc ra iravra ravra (earl) wpocrfii/Sq \iyoiv, Xen. Mem. I 2, 17 SetKvivTas re rots pavBdvovatv Kai Tip \bytp TrpoaflifidtfovTas, Lucian Anach. c. 12 ov yap ovtui \iywv tiv tls wpoo-pifidireie ere. 22. a.Tt\vtbs, plane, omnino; to be distinguished from dr^xrces, sttie arte. ttoiklXu/, ‘complicated.’ 23. Kara Kaipov p.ev . . . Kccra Kacpov 8^ : 1. 7. 24. Sipypovs, ‘violent and painful means,’ ‘caustics.’ § 4 1. 25. iraGcSv, ‘variable passions,’ ‘distempers.’ 26. to ptyeBos, determinant accusative with ToaavTyv. 27. 8iaxfip£o"ao-0ai irtcjwKws, c. 1,3; c. 39, 2. 29. irpoo-a-Te'XXwv, adstringens, ‘drawing tight’ like a close- fitting garment for the purpose of adjusting it, opp. to aviets. Cf. Plat. Gurg. 511 D t) eirtarypy TTpoaearaXpivy (‘orderly,’ ‘ modest’)^UTi /cal Koapta. The sentiment is borrowed from Thuc. ir 65, 9 biroTe yotiv ataBonb tl a Nous it apa Katpbv vfipet Bapaovv- ras, \eytov KareTrXyaaev ewl rb (pofieio'dat Kai SeStbras av dXiyus dvTtKadtaTTj ira\iv eirl rb Oapaeiv. to 0pacrvvopevov avTv for robs Opaavvop.evovs avruv, cp. Lyc. c. 3, 5 yv 81 tl 140 LIFE OF PERICLES XV 4 Kai to (pdovovv Kai irpbs Tyv ab^yaiv ovtl viip ireipibp.evov f vioTaatiai. Fox' to 8va6vp.ov, cp. Theoplir. ap. Athenae. 463 c 7 rapa[j.vdeiTcu 6 olvos Tyv too yr/pws Svbfiov avrjKev. 31. Kara nXaTwva, c. 7, 6 ; Arist. Thesm. 134 /car’ Ai0dyyovs in definitive apposition to iraO-p. arjs, ‘ touch, ’ a general term, applicable to ^oxv ■ Kpovo-«os is a special term denoting ‘musical expression.’ § 5 1. 36. us Siqyetrai)( irap€p.<|>aivovr)S . . . o{!’ tdpav, ‘ for (during) a given season.’ retro-a- paKovTa ?ttj, b.c. 469-429 = 01. 77, 4—01. 87, 4. Cp. Cic. cle orat. Ill 34, 138. 17. ’EijuaXTcus, ‘men of the stamp of Ephialtes,’ c. 7, 6. AcwKpdrcus : proper names of the third declension form their plurals according to the first. So rocs ' kpiarotpavas Plat. Symp. 218 b. See Kruger Or. Gr. 19, 1, 2. Leocrates, son of Stroebus, was the Athenian commander in the victorious 1-12 LIFE OF PERICLES XVI 2 engagement with AeginaB.c. 450 (Time. 1 105, 2). Myronides (c. 24, 6) delivered Megara from an attack of the Corinthians b.c. 457/6 and in the following year ruined the plans of the Boeotians by his victory at Oenophy'ta (Thuc. I 108, 2). For Tolmides, see c. 18, 2, 3. § 3 1. 19. ©ovKuSffiou : see c. 8, 4 ; c. 11, 1. kq.t 1 being indifferent to money-making.’ Plutarch affects the phrase wpos nva (tl) with modal adverb. Cp. C. 10, 3, TllCS. C. 19, 5 7 roAeju.t/co >9 7 rpo 9 toi>9 ’A 0 > 7 i'aiov 9 , Num. C. 6 , 3 aKpaTOJS exovtrt /cat p.ai't/cu >9 7 rpo 9 no\ep.ov, Lyc. C. 23, 2 npo<; elprjinrjv oiKetojg exoi'TO?, Civi. C. 12, 3 npoq roi /9 acryktra 9 tAiKd >9 ex oi ' Te< >> Them. C. 2, 6 7rpo9 TOt»9 SrjpLayioyovs toju 7 roAAu>y op.otfa>9 exovT(ov, C. 29, 4 aTrapat-Tr/Tiog ex^i-u 7 rpo 9 avrov, Lucull. C. 22, 4 v 7 tovAw 9 etx e 7rpog tov ai/Spa, Alex. C. 47, 6 . 27. Slkcuov, ‘ legitimate,’ which belonged to him of right. dp.6Xovp.evos 6Kv-yoi, sc. 6 wXovtos : cp. Soph. 0. T. Ill i k i/>evye i 8b Tdp.eXodp.evov. 28. cl>s p7| rroXXd irpd-ypaTa Kal 8iaTpi|Jds acrxoXovpe v

fpj.€pov, ‘settled from day to day.’ Tavr^v, contemptuously. crvvryyp.«vr|v, ‘narrowed,’ ‘reduced.’ 38. oiSsvos olov ev oIkux peyaX-r] . . . irepippe'ovTos, ‘ there being none of the superfluities to be expected in a great house. ’ Cp. Hor. Ep. i 6 , 45 exilis domus cst ubi non et multa supersunt. 39. irpaypacriv, ‘circumstances cp. Cat. ma. c. 21, 3 tup w pay par cop i-rriSidbpTUP iroiovpepos ras eaTiaaeis, Crass, c. G, G upoOpepos Tiprjs ^paxeias peyaXa tt pay par a. § 5 1. 42. rf|v ToianT-qv : c. 2, 2 ; c. 7, 4 ; c. 34, 1. 43. d.Kpi(3aav : c. 36, 1. s ?T«pos oi 8 e£s, ‘as no one else was, ’ ‘ better than anybody else. ’ 44. Kareo-Keuao-pevos, institutus, ‘trained,’ Xen. Cyr. vm i 43. 45. cnraSovTa sc. f/p (c. 15, 4), ‘were not in accord with.’ By Taira is meant ‘such well-ordered economy.’ 47. el'ye, siquidem, ‘ inasmuch as.’ Cp. Mor. 831 e ’A patja- yipas dt ryp x^P av sariXl/ire pyXbpoTOP , Diog. Laert. 2 , 6 , 7 ’ Apa£ay6pas evyepeiq. sal ttXovtu 5i.ax i/peis impeXeiaOe ; ” 48. afjK«v apyqv, ‘left uncultivated.’ Cp. Xen. Cyr. m ii 19 PovXolo Up (Tol ryp pup apybp otVav yui pap tpepybp yepi- odai ; Oecon. c. 4, 8 , 10, Aristot. Occon. II 1349 a , 3 x“P a apyos, Rhet. hi 9, 1410 a , 29 aypbs apyis. Hence Karapycip, sterilem, inutilem rcddere, as Luke Ev. xm 7 ip a ri sal ryp yijp Karapyei ( r) crmij) ; 49. v 7 ro, prae, c. 7, G ; c. 33, 3. § 6 1. 50. TavTOv, neuter pred. ndj., expressing the gen. notion. 51. iroXiTiKoO, ‘ a practical statesman,’ such as Pericles was, c. 24, 1, 3. 6 pe’v, i.e. ‘the philosopher.’ 52. avopyavov, ‘ without mechanical appliances.’ ri)s tKTos GXt)s, ‘external matter,’ material things, c. 12 , 6 . 53. eirl rots KaXots Kivel ktX., ‘sets his intelligence astir for good and noble objects ’ (c. 2, 1). rip . . . avapiyvivT'. 144 LIFE OF PERICLES XVI 6 kt\., ‘ who brings his superior knowledge into touch with the common needs of mankind, the daily round of life,’ applies his good qualities to the furtherance of human interests. 55. fo-nv ofi, ‘there are cases where,’ ‘sometimes’; e. 15, 3 ; c. 24, 3. toov ava-yKcuwv, ‘ one of the mere necessaries of life.’ 56. tpov€iv, c. 28, 5. 5. iravTas "EWrjvas : Fallitur Plutarchus quum scribit Periclem in concilium Athenas convocare voluisse navras "EAAvp-as tov ? onY/TroTe /carot- /coupra? < Tqs > EvpioTrrjs kol Tqoj/ci5a koll IlcAonovinricroi', c k Sc Tavrrjs Sia A OKpwv €7rl t rju npoaoLKOi' yncipov eto? ’A/capi'acia? kcll ’Aju/3pa/aa?, 11 am facile intelligitur in eo itinere solam Achaiam legatis esse peragra- tam atque inde iteruin traiecto freto ad Locros perventum. Nemo, opiuor, existimabit Atheniensium legatos ant Elidem ant Arcadiam ant Spartam aut Corinthum adiisse et inde reduces Sia Ao/cpcoc Acarnaniam petiisse et Ambraciam. Hie ipse error argumento esse potest Plutarclium describere aliquod antiquitatis monumentum, idque nihil aliud esse quam to Hept/cAeoc? a ck ttJ? tov Kparcpov crui'aytoy^? satis lliilii nunc videor ostendisse. Cobet Mnemosyne N.S. vol. i. p. 114. 6. oTrr\TTore . . . EupiuTTTjs, ‘in any part soever of Europe.’ For tlie absence of the article, which is generally used by Plut. ami inserted here by Cobet, cp. Pomp. c. 45, 5. 7. irapaKaXtiv depends on yparjtei ji-r)poa-uvT|v : Hoc enim ante omnia Plutarchus ageliat oii rij v &xpv ffT0v ddpolfav ioroplav d\\d rpv npbs KaTavorjacv ijdov s Kal Tpbirov irapaSiSovs ( Cobcl ). Plutarch must have had before him the original psephism of Pericles, which he found in the x/nTjcfncrpdroio cvrnyioyr/ of Craterus (c. S, 5 note) — a book much consulted by him. Cobet attempts a reconstruction of it from the Biographer's words :—'Efiofe rp (3o v\jj Kal tw Sjjpw — IlepiKA-ijs aai'OcTTTrov XoAapyeus elirev'—Travras ’’PAApra? TrapaKoAchi Kac /juKpdv TroAtr Kal peyaArp' nepweLV ’Adpratje ocTtres ftovbcvooi'Tai nept re riav liAAi/jccJji' tepwr a KaTi'rrprjrra.r oi fidpfiapni kto . . . Tropiroiv Se avfipas clkoctl too' vnkp TccvTrjKOVTT. iirrj yeyoro Tier tor ttcvtc per Twras Kal Awptas roil s' er ’Atrta Kal rrjrrujjTas dxpc Ae : cr/3ou Kal 'Pofiou 7rapaKaAovcrt . . . 7reVre fie rout’ er 'EAArfltr- ttovtoj Kal ©paKp peypi Bv^arTiou tottovt enievcu Kal TrivTC e7rl xoiiroi? et? Botwriai' Kal 'I’WKtfia Kal TlcAoTToi'V'qaov. <:k fie raiirps fita AoKpojl' e7rl rip' jrpocroLKOV ijn-e Lpov etos ’AKapvartas Kal ’AjUj3paKt'as aTrotrTaArjvai, rovs fie Aot7rous fit’ Eb/3otas ex’ OItcUovs Kal rbv Mr/Ata koAttov Kal ©etrcraAobs xopebetrdat. CHAPTER XVIII § 1 1. 2. tt|v acrejjdXeiav, ‘liis caution.’ See Gr. Ind. fi.u. 3. exouo-qs a8T)X6TqTa, c. 28, 6. For oure ... re, cp. c. 35, 3. Plutarch uses ou're . . . Kal almost as often ; see Stegmann l. c. § 37 p. 28. 4. 4k tov Trapa(3aXe'o-0ai,, ‘ after engaging in rash adven¬ tures. ’ XVIII 2 NOTES 147 8. Serov eir* avTu .sc. earl, ‘as far as depends on llimself,’ c. 13, 9, Fab. c. 10, 2, Marc. c. 18, 1, Pliilop. c. 3, 4. The common Attic expression was to eV aiVip or to eir' i\oiro\(Tr), ‘anxious for the welfare of his fellow- citizens,’ ‘patriotic.’ The usual form is (/uXo.roXis. CHAPTER XIX § 1 1. 1 . f)yairf|0ri . . . pdXitrxa, ‘gave most satisfaction,’ )( €0avpacr0r| 1. 14. 2. Xeppovticrov : c. 11, 5. The amount of the eag ol ’Ai//U'0ioi SrjAeeaOai e a fia A Aovreg eg rqv X<*>pr\v * eicrl 8e ovtol crTaStoc e£ re Kal rpia/co^ra tov laOpov. At a later period (b.c. 398) the Spartan Dercyllidas Xepp6vr)vTevp.evrii', nap.nAriQe'ig 8e Kal nayKaAag vop.ag navToSairoLg Krrjueari, Xen. Hell. Ill ii 10. But these lasted for a short time only. The fortifications oi‘ Pericles must have been destroyed soon after their erection. 9. aTr«Tcix«re, muro interclusit, ‘ intercepted. ’ Cp. Nic. c. 26, 2 ras Siafiarreis tCjv iroTapCiv air eTel\is dv0ponrous, ‘amongst foreigners.’ 16. rfjs MeyapiKijs, ‘in the Megarid,’ a partitive genitive denoting a country with the name of a single place in it. II ijyai (or Ilayat) w'asa Megarian harbour on the Corinthian Gnlf, which belongerl at this time to the Athenians (Time. I 111, 2). The expedition, undertaken in the spring of 453 B.c., was not strictly a 7repi7rAous UeKoirovi’rja-ov, because operations were limited to the Corinthian Gulf, and they could not have committed much devastation outside the district ofSicyon, because Acliaia was friendly. Plutarch is the only writer who says the fleet was composed of 100 triremes. Diodorus (Ephorus) gives the number as 50 (c. 85 fioi'Tev aural TO) nepucAet TpirjpfLi; verT^KOl'Ta Kal \i\iovs o7rAiVas e^enepupav eirl ttju II tAordeiajijoi'), but lie makes a mistake, confusing two expeditions (c. 88) which were really one and the same. Thucydides (/. c.) says only that 1000 Athenians embarked on board the triremes stationed at Pegae, without mentioning the number of the vessels § 3 1. 17. Tfjs rrapaXCas iroXXrjv : G. Gr. § 168 n. 1, IIA. Gr. § 730. 18. irporcpov, in tlie latter half of the summer of b.c. 456 — 01. 81, 1 ; c. 18, 2. Time, (t 108, 5) gives only a brief account of this expedition ; — sal WiXoivbvvriaov TrcpibirXcvcrav 'kOrjvaloL 150 LIFE OF PERICLES XIX 3 ToA/uSov tov To\ / ucllov arpaT-pyodvros Kal rb vewpiov to AaKedai- pcovloiv eviwppaav ia\f|S : Cp. Phoc. c. 6 , 2 acraivt>p.evos r'qv pAWqcnv a ved^pfiaive too Xafipiov. Thucy¬ dides merely says that Pericles laid siege to the place but failed to take it. Plutarch makes his narrative as much as possible favourable to Pericles. 8 pa. 0 ~rfjpLos : see Gk. Ind. s.v. 31. ovS’ a/irb lie fortuitum quidem. The failure to take Oeniadae is not reckoned a miscarriage. CHAPTER XX § 1 . The source of Plutarch’s information about this ex¬ pedition and its date are alike uncertain; the latter was probably is.c. 444/3. See Busolt Gr. Gcsch. ii p. 538 Anm. 4, who quotes it as the opinion of Duncker, Des Perikles Fahrt in den Ponlos, 1 lei', d. Berl. Akad. 1885 p. 536. This was probably the first appearance of an Athenian general with an imposing force beyond the Bosporus ; unless we accept the tradition of the mission of Aristides to the Pontus and his death there, Pint. Arist. c. 2(1 (Busolt Gr. Gesch. n p. 397 Anm. 3). The commercial dealings of Athens with the trading places on the shores of the Pontus were consider¬ able, and it was therefore of the utmost importance that they should bn on good terms with the neighbouring princes, who might interfere with their communication. A timely display of force would serve to impress these potentates with a proper sense of the power which might be brought to the aid of the Hellenic colonies if required. But the Athenians had not only a strong interest in the command of the highways communicating with the Buxine, and the superintendence of the grain conveyed along them, but also in their relation with the Pontic towns especially. If these were hard pressed by the surrounding barbarians, the Athenian merchandise suffered, especially the corn-market. The Pontic Greeks might, on the other hand, look to the Athenian navy for support. And so political relations at an early time of the Athenian naval supremacy were developed between them and Athens. The rising power of the two kings Teres and Ariapeitlies must have given trouble to the Hellenic towns on the west and north coast of the Pontus. It was, perhaps, in consequence of these relations to the barbarian states that the Pontic towns made their appeal to Athens. 3. uv eSeovTo: the removal of grievances of which they complained, and the settlement of disputes between them and the dynasts. 152 LIFE OF PERICLES XX 1 4. iTpocrr|V6X0!i iXav0pt6mos, ‘behaved kindly to.’ Cp. Cleom. c. 13, 1 rpax^ws it poo s . . . fpws, ‘ that inauspicious hanker¬ ing,’ a poetical expression like 5uavpovs tpapas Eur. IIcc. 193, ydpovs Svaydpov s Phoen. 1052, hvavomov v6pLKT] Kal plaos etx e irdvras, Arist. c. 15, 3 tov arparbv ex el Svadvpla 7 roAAy Kal KardwAy^i s, Eum. c. 10, 3 Oavpa robs irapbvTas elx f - It appears also from Thue. I 44, 2 that the Athenians had an eye upon Sicily in the time of Pericles. 24. eij€Kauo-av, c. 32, 3. 25. oi irepl rov ’ AXKi.pid8r)v pfjxopfs, c. 14, 1. Cp. Alcih. c. 17, 1 SixeXias St Kal IlepncXfous (tl tpOivTOT diredapovv ’Adyvaioi ... 6 51 iravTairaai t5v tpuira tovtov avatfiAd^a s avrCiv . . . ’ AAKtfiidSys Tp. 26. Tuppr|v(a Kal Kap\r|8wv : both were included in their later project, as appears from the speech of Alcibiades at Sparta, Time, vi 90, 1 ew\evv yevo^vov. 14. 28o>Kav, f liad given*; c. 17, 1 ; G. MTr §58. Others to whom the right of precedence (irpo/xaurda) for special services was accorded were Croesus (Herod, i 54) and Philip of Macedon (Deni. or. Phil, in § 32). 15. tov xs e? ttjj' 7rr5Ati/ ocn)p.epai uipvero 6 Av/cos ' e7rel be ou/c avev Oeov napayiveaBai acjuaiv vneXapfSaroi', ovtios enaKo\ovOov /cat dvevpifTKOvai re to iepov xP^O’Cou /cat a veOeo’di' Av/coc tw Be u> ^aA/coui'. In the two next chapters Plutarch follows Thucydides closely as far as the return of the Athenian army from Euboea ; ho then avails himself of another source, which contains many pieces of information not found in Thuc., e.g. the bribery of Cleandridas, the expulsion of the Chalcidian Hippobotae etc. That source is most likely Ephorus, though others think that it was Theopompus or Stesichorus. See Busolt Or. Gesch. n 548 Anm. 6. CHAPTER XXII § 1 1 . 1. opGcos . . . o-ovetxev, ‘that he did right to confine.’ tv Trj'EWaSi, i.e. Hellas proper as opp. to Sicily etc. 2. €(j.apTijpT)cr€v avriu to. yivopfva, ‘ actual events bore witness in his favour,’ i.e. confirmed the correctness of his judgment. Cp. Timol. c. 8, 4. 156 LIFE OF PERICLES XXII 1 4. Eu(3o6ls aire|i€voi, 1 were reported to have become hostile.’ For the construction, cp. c. 18, 3. As soon as Pericles had crossed over to Euboea with his army, the Megarians threw off their allegiance to Athens with the support of the Corinthians, Sicyonians and Epidauriaus. Those of the Athenian garrison who were not cut down, took refuge in Nisaea. 7. crrpaTia Il€X.OTrovvr)(rCti)v : this was in B.C. 445/4 = 01. 83, 4, when the five years’ truce had expired. Pleistoanax, son of the regent Pausanias, became king B.C. 458/7 = 01. 80, 3, under the guardianship of Nicomedes ; his father died b.c. 469. § 2 1. 9. iraXiv oSv 6 IIepi.KX.rjs ktX. : cp. Time. 1. c. 6 nepi/cArj? iraXiv Kara raxos e/co/uu^e rrju crrpaTi.au ck rrjs Evj3ota?, k at p.era rovro ol II cXoTTovurjcnoL rrjs ’Attlkt}s e? ’EAeiMjtra /cal ©puo£e e eyevero €K SirapTTfs 8o£am xprjfiatrt JTenrOrjrai Tip' ara\( uprfoiv, V 10, 3 if>€ vyovra aiiTor e? Atiieator Sia Tqv ck rrjs ’At Tucrjs TTOTt /lira 8uip£uyovTOS, ‘while he was living in exile’ (c. 10, 1). lie retired to Italy, where he fought as a general on the side of the people of Thurii (c. 11, 5) against those of Tarentum (Antiochus ap. Strabo Geogr. vi c. 1, 14, Diodor, xm 106, 10), and also against the Lucanians (Polyaen. Stmt, ii 10, 1-5). Cp. Thuc. vi c. 93, 2 ; c. 104, 3. 28. irepl EueeXCav, ‘in Sicily’ B.c. 414. 30. o-vy yeviKov . . . votrrpra, ‘a congenital disease.’ So Nic. c. 28, 3 Plut. calls it dppu) rot's deobs (po/Sei. 33. aXous, c. 37, 4. 34. tv rols, ‘ill the memoir,’ as Cat. ma. c. 12, 3. Lysandr. c. 16 6 Se A utrai/Spog toov xprj/xdroju tol nepiovra Kai ocrag Slope ag avTog r/ g AeyeTai, Tag paif) ag rw v dyyeiiov ndrioOev araAvcrag Kai aifrekiov crv^vov dpyvpiov e£ eKacTOV irdkiv avveppaipev, ayroijiras oti ypap.p.aTiSiov evrjv e/ca(mo tov dpiOpiov cnyiaivov. ekOiav 6’ etg 2 ndprqv a p.ev v(f)ijpr]TO KareKpvxjjev virb tov Kepap.ov Trjg oiKiag, ra S’ dyyeia napeSioKe TOig eiovci irpbs Ta ypap.p.a.Ta to 7rArj0og toO dpyvpiov Kai napeix e TOig eoCTa, as frequentative of tyxeoira airos, Herod. V 17 rdXavrov bpyvpiov ’A Xe^avdpip pixdpps eKaarps dtpoira, Time. VIII 18, 1 dx tovtwv tQv irbXtuv bnbaa ’AQpraiocs dtpolra Xppp.ara 1) &\\o ti, Lys. or. 32, 15 dirdtppve (poirdv alrov avrols ck Xeppovyaov Kad' enaorov dviavrbv. According to Theophrastus and others, Pericles had ten talents placed yearly at his disposal for the purpose of bribing Spartan officers, and so procuring the continuance of peace and gaining time for efficient equip¬ ment. In the fourth century, there was a special fund called ra Sen a raKavra, which was under the management of the Tapiai rrjs Oeov and therefore probably did not serve profane purposes. The Metoeci contributed to this fund. Whether it had anything to do with that of Pericles, must remain an open question. See Busolt Gr. Gesch. n 500 Anin. 1. 9. tovs iv TeXet, ‘those who held supreme authority,’ here therefore the king and Epliors. 10. TrapT|TelTo, ‘he sought to avert.’ See Gr. Index s.v. 12. ev u>, ‘during which,’ to be taken with irapaaKevaadp-evos Kad’ rjavxtar. 13. fpeXXe, ‘was like to,' in the natural course of things. peXnov, e. 8, 4. § 2 1. 13. a50is, in B.c. 445/4 = 01. 83, 4. ovv here marks a return to the principal narrative after a digression. 10. KarecrTpt 4vy fj £r}puio(ru) ovSe £v\\rj- t//op.ai ovbe olttoktcvio ov8g xPVl xaTOL cL ltov oube eros avev roO Srjju-ov roO ’ AQgvaiitiv). In every action, whether private or public, the accused was to be formally summoned, and without such summons could not be proceeded against. The Prytaneis were to introduce the members of any deputation from Chalcis to the popular assembly within ten days of its arrival at Athens. These guarantees were to be contingent upon the continued allegiance of Chalcis to Athens (/cat npeo-pdav ehOovaav npoo-dgio npos /3ovArji' /cal 8rjp.ov be/ca rj/xepuH', brat' npvTavevio Kara to 8vi’clt6v' ravra be e/x7r< e >6t6cra) XaA/cibeboai' 7rei0o/xeVoi9 rai a> rai ’AOrjvaiiov). 19. 'Ea-Tiets, more accurately and usually 'Ecmaieis, the inhabitants of Hestiaea, on the north coast of the island. The foundation of this colony gave Athens not only a new point of vantage in Euboea, but also a favourable position for commanding the Maliac and Pagasaean gulfs. Cp. ThllC. I 114, 2 'E art at as e^ot/ctcrat'Tes avroi ttjv yrjv etryop, Diod. xu 7. The evicted inhabitants found a home in Macedonia. Cp. Strab. Geogr. X C. 1, 3 ©eo7rop.7ros be <\>Y)cn. Ilept/cAeovs x ei P 0V P L ^ V0V Ev/3oiai' tovs Tanatets /caP’ o/aoAoytas ets Ma/cefionar p. e Tacrrrj rat, b«rxiA«)VS 8 ’ e£ WOrjuaLoiu eAPoi'Tas tov ’flpeov ot/c^crat, 8rjp.ov 6vra npoTepo v rt ou Tcrnatcwi/. The official name of the colony continued to be Hestiaea (cp. e.g. CIA. i 28, 29, 30, Time, vii 57, 2), though the name Oreus prevailed in ordinary usage (cp. Thuc. vii 95, 7 ; Xen. Hell, v 4, 56; Diod. xv 30, 3, 4 ; Aristot. Pol. viii 1303 a , 18). Hierocles the seer who is mentioned in the Chalcidian decree appears to have received an assignment of land there because of a lucky prophecy of success in the Euboean expedition. Arist. Pax 1047 6 XP^cr/xoAoyos ou£ ’ Opeov, ib. 1125 riKOvaas; o /copa£ otos i)A 6’ e£ ’ fipeov. Eupolis in his IToAets (Mein, i p. 515, Kock i p. 316) calls him /3e'Ano-re Xpr) ‘to gratify Aspasia,’ c. 7, 3 ; c. 10, 5. Sonet, ‘is commonly supposed.’ The imputation of a petty personal motive originated no doubt with Duris of Samos (cp. fr. 5S ap. Muller FHG. ii 482), who is taken to task by Plutarch in c. 28, 3 for another misstatement. 9. Siairoprio-ai, ‘ to enquire,’ lit. ‘ to start a difficulty.’ Cp. C. 36, 3 ; c. 38, 2, Mor. 4l3 A Tol/vavriov 5’ vfuv eyw irpo/3d\Xw diaTroprjaai, 7 Tu)s ovx'l Kai Tore direipTjKev, Polyb. 4, 20, 2 &^lop Ppaxb SiairopficraL Trepl tovtov ttQs etc. Aristot. Pol. hi 6, р. 1287k, 20 Si.a-rropijcraL Kai '(pteiv. paXio-Ta goes with cLp ecu] Kaipbs. 10. Tfjs av0pu>irou, in a slightly contemptuous sense ; cp. Nic. c. 13, 4. Tiva Tc^vqv . . . toctcujtt]v fyoucra, ‘ what sort of great art she possessed that ’ etc. 12. ex.upoGcra.To, c. 15, 3. Tots 4>i^oo"o(j)ois . . irapec^e 42 Xoyov, ‘gave philosophers occasion for no little or inconsiderable discussion about herself.’ For virlp = ir€pL, ‘concerning,’ see Gr. Ind. to Life of Dcmosth. p. 181. §21.16. ©ap-yqXtav: Athonae. Xlll 80, p. COSfcttI /caAAei 5ta/3orjrot •yeyopaar ywaiices ©apyr^Ata 17 MiA rjaia, 777-19 Kai Tea-aapaiKaiSeKa auSpaaiy trya/jLijOrj, overa Kai to elSos naioj /caArj Kai ao^r\. Tlie principal place of her triumph was Thessaly, where she won the favour of the prince Antiochus and exercised despotic sway for some thirty years. 17. ’IdSivv, ‘Ionian women.’ Athenae. v 62 p. 220 n MaxLvqs S’ 6 XuKpariKbs . . . ip rrj 'Aairaaiq. ras ck Trjs ’ luplas yvpaiKas aoW-ppSyp poixdSas Kai KepSaXlas irpoaayopebei. JJqXcocracrav, ‘in emulation of.’ Cp. {rj\os c. 1, 4. cttiGcctBcu, ‘ made a dead set upon,’ ‘ captivated,’ lit. as in с. 26, 2 ‘ attacked. ’ M 162 LIFE OF PERICLES XXIY 2 19. x° L P LV 8 eivott]tos, 1 personal charms as well as cleverness,’ cp. c. 18, 3 ; c. 31, 1. For the special meaning of Seivb ri?s, see n. to c. 4, 1. 20. Ki]r|v Tiva Kal ■7ro\iTuavAov avveaeios napd8eLyg.a npoOcfxevoi ., onoaov ep-neiplas irpayp.aTUiv Kal ot;VTr)Tos es to. 7roAtTtKa Kal ayxu'olas Kal 8pLp.vrr]TOs eKelurj (sc. Aspasia) npocrrju ktA. 26. CT-TrovSa.x airAovi' api(TTOV, 71 C r\Kiv yvwp C- p.uiv (f)L\o(ro(f)ovuTa , 448 E oxnrep veoi 8i8ao~Ka\oLs £ttltvj(6vt€s dtrretots vno \pe Las to npuiTOV eTTovrai . . . verrepov 8e Kal f/uAovcru' aurl yviopip.(ov Kal p.adr)T(bi' ipacrral ovtss, 796 D Sw/cparT/s o>pav 8taTpi(ifj<; rots yi'wptjaot s 'reTayp.eirgv (f>v\aTTU)F, [Plutffl 838 A dpyvpiov eio-TrpaTTUiv tovs y viop lp. o v ?. £<|>o£Ta sc. ws avTqv. Cp. Xen. Mem. Ill 6, 36, Oecon. c. 3, 14 where Socrates offers to introduce Critobulus to Aspasia, adding that she will discourse to him on the subject of good wives Zmvos ov 5’ imrpt- ttovtos avSpl ToiavT-qs tv potaraaOai Athenaeus xni 56 p. 589 D repeats some of tlie scandalous stories which were circulated about Pericles: pi. S' ovtos 6 di-hp npos dr/jpoSuria naiw Karaifsepqs. ottls kcli rrj rov viov yv voi.k\ avvqv, adding ojs Ssrpai/j fipovos o ©ao-toj terropet /card tovs avjovs xpbvovs o.vtveporTa tcov “EWijvujv, rieptKAea tov aavOinnov. The joke (7rat5ta) arises from the anachronism of the whole. 35. «l KaC, 1 although. ’ p.€Ta iraiSias, c. 8, 3. 36. too-outov y liAoao. I 34, Athenae. v p. 219 B 'Aawaala q puXqadrqv 5v xpii'or wpiXelTqv avrip. 164 LIFE OF PERICLES XXIV 5 § 5 1. 38. pevToi: see n. to 1. 25. 43 39. tpwriKri tis, ‘ of an amatory nature.’ . 41. ■ywli irpo5 ovk e'ir) evap/xocrro? 17 npos Tqv yvvouKa i/ /cal o‘i>/x/3ta> crew? tt pog ovk arjSeg iv- tvxsw yvvomci irpea^vTGpci peipaKiov. The difference between crv p.p iovv and (TwoLKelv is well stated by Wyttenbach Mor. 142 f ‘eorum, quibus concubitu tantummodo iunctum est coniugium, ratio eiusmodi esse dicitur ut ctwolkclv av Tt? akkr/kocg, oi» crv p.fi lovv vop.icrei.ev.’ Cp. Mor. 139 A, 217 F, 769 F, 789 D tov ndkai avvotKOvvTa koX 7 £r\koTVTru)crLv 77 Sta^eptovTat 7repl xP r )P- < *- TiOV rj /ca/cto? keyiocnv r) (frevyioci 6pvnTop.evat. Tag (l>u\ovStaiT) 7 navTiog crv p.fi iwcriv re etvat /cal /crjSe/xovtai/ avSpo? /cat yvvaiKog nepi dkkrjkovg. 46. pouXojxevT)v, c. 15, 3 ; c. 29, 2. 47. o-uve|e8coKtv i.e. together with her father or brother or, in default of these, her nearest male relative acting as guardian or trustee (ra/pup). Athenaeus (xm c. 45 p. 533 c) furnishes a specimen of contemporary misrepresentation :—Ilepi/cAe'a Se tov "Okvp.mov $y)cnv 'IIpa/cAet'S^? 6 IIovTi/cb? ev tw 7rept 'HSovijg w? arrqkka^ev e/c Trjg ot/cta? ttjv yvvat/ca /cat tov p.e0 ' r)8ovrjg /3tov npoeikeTO w/cet re p.eT ’Acnracriag Trjg e/c Meyapcov eratpa? /cat to 7rokv p.epog Trig ovcrta? et? Tavrrjv Karavakoicre. § 6 1. 49. air’ a-yopas: on the omission of the article, see c. 5, 2 n. Plutarch’s authority is a dialogue of Antisthenes, as appears from Athenaeus xm c. 56 ’ Avriadbvqs 8’ 6 XunpariKbs bpaodbvra /pycrip avrbv ’Acnraalas Sis rijs ripiepas eicndvra Kal e^bvra cur’ avrrjs aairA’Cardai r-gv avdpwwov. Jacobs suggests that ’ Avtl- aOIwqs is an error for ijtXot, as the imperious mistress and wife respectively of the new Heracles. According to the Schol. on Plato’s Mencxenus she was also called by Eupolis in his IIpo- cnrdXrtot the new Helen, as the originator of the Samian war. 56. "Hpan . . . ’Actt&ci&n, the Hera-Aspasia, as con¬ sort of the Zeus-Pericles (c. 3, 3 ; c. 13, 6). The lines'-are from the XetptSves, and are closely connected with those cited in c. 3, 3. By ot is meant KpSvos the father of Hera. 57. KAT&TTYroCY'NH : the poet is very bitter in making Impudicilia the mother of Aspasia as ‘a shameless concubine,’ for in Attic law marriage with a foreigner was regarded as con¬ cubinage, and their children were illegitimate ( vbdoi ). See below c. 37, 2 note and Them. c. 1, 1 with my note ad l. 58. 8oKet sc. 6 ncpncX^s, § 2 1. 7. tov vo0ov, Pericles the younger. He was born probably before is.c. 440: in b.c. 410 he was Hellenotamias and in B.c. 406 strategus. See c. 37, 5. 59. TrcKoit]Ktv, c. 4, 2. Afjp-ots, c. 3, 4. 62. MvpcovCSriv, c. 16, 2. 63. KdJ rr&'Aa>/cat5a ttjv aocpwrarriv KaXXicmjv aver par evop.lvrji’ ; 7 ji/ Tirivotp&vqs (pr/al irpbrepov MtXrco na.'Kovp.Ivipv Ntriraffiai/ IxeToi'op.acrOrjvaU. Her former name was given her because of her beautiful complexion ; Aelian VII. 12, 1 eipKa SI r) xi m ‘ a i] Kara rod irpoaunrov pbSocs ‘ Ota. retard rot ot d’to/caets ert ircuSlov ovaav Ik&Xovv MtXrto. 71. tt) Iidxn, at Cunaxa. d/n-a)(0eura, ‘ carried off as a prisoner,’ c. 31, 5. Xenophon (Anal), i 10, 2) mentions her capture by the royal troops. 72. irXao-Tov to-yuo-E, ‘ acquired very considerable influence.’ 73. eirtXGdvra rf| p.vf|p.p Kara rr|v Ypatj^v, ‘ occurring as they did to my memory in the course of my writing.’ 74. xap«X06tv, praeterire. airdv0ptoirov rjv, inhumanum erat, ‘ it would have been unnatural,’ an affectation of austerity. See G. MT.” § 415 f. for the omission of an. 166 LIFE OF PERICLES XXV 1 CHAPTER XXY § 1 1. 2. aiTiuvrai: a repetition of the statement made in c. 24, 1. paXurra, with 5ia MiXi?6pp.ovs 8x 0VTa Xyarah, but Thuc. 1 116, 1 has irpos Tpay la rrj vyaip. See Pflugk-Harttung Perikles als Fcldherr p. 124. Xap/n-pius, ‘decisively.’ For this meaning of Xap.TpQs, see Pomp. c. 58, 5 ws veviKrjKuis Xapir pQs vtt6 Xapds cSqXaro, Suit. c. 29, 5 and Thuc. VII 55, 1. 31. tviKa, victor crat, ‘ remained conqueror,’ vikHv being, like adiKeiv, ijKeiv, a quasi-perfect. 33. o-Tpa-ruoTiSts i.q.dirXirayuyoi, ‘troop-ships,’ ‘transports’ )( raxeiat (rpiijpeis), Thuc. VI 43, 1. CHAPTER XXVI § 1 1. 1. tou Xipevos Kpa.Tr|o-as, 'now that he had got possession of the harbour.’ Diodorus also (xii 27, 4) gives the victory to the Athenians ; Thucydides and Ephorus agree in taking the Athenian view of tlie struggle, while Aristotle (§ 3 1. 27) takes that of the Samians. The course and issue of the engagement was of such a nature that both sides could lay claim to have won. 168 LIFE OF PERICLES XXVI 1 3. dfuSs ye irtos )( ou5ap.ws, ‘in one waj r or other,’ ‘somehow at least ’ from obsolete ajuds ( — ns) a word of frequent occurrence in Plutarch. 5. [ieC^cov o-toXos, consisting of forty Athenian and twenty- five Chian and Lesbian triremes. 6 . mxvTeXws KaTeKXelcrOqcrav : Time. I 116, 2 Kal dTrofidvres Kal KparovvTes Tip Tre^ip eiroXiipKOW (’A 6r)vaioi) rpial Tel^een tt)v tt6\iv Kal ck 6a\dauT]S ap.a. 7. 4fjf|KovTa Tpif|peis: the number blockading Samos was 109 (44 + 40 + 25), so that forty-nine were left behind. 8 . sis tov wovtov, into the open Mediterranean sea )( t'ov £vt6 s, ‘ the Aegean ’ ; otherwise the phrase is used to designate the Atlantic Ocean in opp. to the Mediterranean. Alex. c. 44, 2. 9. ol irXelo-Toi: these include Thucydides and Diodorus. 10. STTiKovptov with tois Sa/Dois. irpoo-epo|iev«v, c. 8 , 5. Stesagoras and others had been sent by the Samians with a small squadron in quest of the Phoenician ships (Thuc. 1. c.). Nothing more is said about the latter. 11 . 8 ia-ya>v£cracr 0 cu sc. aureus. 12. TroppwT&Tii), as far as possible from Samos. 13. Srr|s : see Gr. Ind. s. v. dv-qp. 46 21 . ttoXXovs piv . . . iroXXds Se : c. 15, 1, 3. 23. cxpuivTo, ‘ had a free and unimpeded use of,’ Thuc. i 117, 1 tt)s 6a\daarjs rrjs KaO' eavrous tKpaT-qaav (ol TLapuoi.) rjpilpa s ire pi rlaaapas Kal 57/ca. 24. Trap€TL0£VTO, ‘ were busy providing themselves with,’ properly said of meals. Thuc. 1. c. eaeKopiaavro Kal e^eKop-laavTo a IfSoliKovTo. (Plutarch here uses a Samian authority i.e. pro¬ bably Duris. Cp. Aelian VH. vn 14.) The three preceding XXVI 4 NOTES 169 aorist participles are complexive, i.e. they state summarily the events of the conflict. § 3 1. 27. ’ApurTOTtXr|s, probably tv rrj tuiv Sa/wow iroXirdg.: the statement is unsupported. 29. &v0vppt£ovT6s, ‘ in retaliation for a similar affront.’ 31. yXaOKas, the common device on Athenian coins. Cp. Nic. C. 29, 1 trn'forres lirirov eis to ptTunrov. The reverse process is more likely, that the Athenians branded the Samians, as their slaves, with an owl. Cp. Aelian VH. II 9 roils ye /j.r]v aXiOKO/xlvovs aix/xaXuiTovs 'E.ap.iviv r bp. a Lias KaTetrefuatr^ai. The explanation is probably taken from the Scholiast on the verse from the Babylonians of Aristophanes (Mein, ii 972, Kock I 408). Cp. Herod, ill 59 tow rtioi’ KanpCovs i\°vc ream ids npaipas r/Kpiorripiacrav. Choerilus (/r. VI ed. Naeke 155 sqq.) speaks of vjjvs fie tis uiKvnopos 2api t/, vos etfios t\ov avvaipycrojv T7]V irohiv. § 2 1. 11. ?pyov, ‘a hard matter,’ ‘quite a business.’ Cp. Anton, c. 40, 3, Ale. c. 15, 1 el S’ icri\o 6' tfv, rjpuofiokLOv *pea. airo : cp. c. 8, 2, Thuc. I 46. 3 dtp’ off k al Ti)v eiraivvplav lx tl - § 3 1. 17. "E6p?)Tos, because he had to be carried about in a litter owing to his lameness. The epithet was given to the elder Artemon, a contemporary of Anacreon, for other reasons which are stated by Chamaeleon of Pontus (Athenae. xii c. 46) who says that he was so called Sia tS rpvtpepios piouvra irepteptpea 6a i eirl kXIvtjs ' Kal yap ’Avaaptuv aiirov ck irevlas els rpvcpriv oppijaal tp-qcnv. There is an allusion to the elder Artemon in the epithet 6 irepnrivripos, Arist. Ach. 857. 20. ovm . . . irpoo-Kopi^opevov, causal participles. 21 . Ta KaT£7r€L*yovTa twv fpycov, ‘important works that required his immediate presence.’ Paroemiogr. Gr. ii 4, 41 XwXds SI Cbv ire pterpbpero Ciri rip opdv rds prjxavds. Gp. Alex. c. 72, 1 StwKTjcre to. k aren't 1 yoi-ra, Brut. c. 36, I lyprjio rrj vvk 7rpo? ra k arenelyovra tuiv npayp.a.TO)i’, Pelop. C. 27, 1 tois 0ea- traAoi? \pr\(r6ai npo<; to Karen* t yo v ruiu npay/juxTiov avayKa$op.evo<;. The expression is one of common occurrence in Polybius. 23. touto eXtyx €l J ‘ disproves this,’ viz. the fact of Artemon’s 172 LIFE OF PERICLES XXVII 3 presence at the siege of Samos. 'HpaKAeCSqs 6 XIovtikos : c. 35, 4. Heracleides probably borrowed this statement, as he did many others, from Chamaeleon, whom Atlienaeus quotes as his authority. See the passage cited in note to 1. 19. 26. iroWcus f|itrpocr0ev fjXiKicus kt\., ‘ several ages before the Samian war’ (c. 13, 1), viz. in the time of Polycrates. For ijXi/dcuj, cp. c. 13, 1. § 4 1. 28. 4>qo-C, sc. Heracleides. Tpuepov riva : for this restrictive use of tls with adjectives to increase or weaken their notion, see n. to c. 24,3. ™ pito, dat. of respect for acc., c. 3, 2 ; c. 29, 3. 29. irpos Toils o|3ovs, ‘in the presence of terrors,’ c. 15, 4. paXaKov, ‘unmanly.’ Cp. Aristot. Eth. Eud. 1229 b , 7 rrpbs rbv davarov /j,a\aic6s. KarairAij-ya, ‘timid,’ ‘apprehen¬ sive of danger.’ Mor. 7 B &To\p.ov ko. 1 Karair'kfiya, 814 E KaTcur\Tiya Kal weptSei]. 30. ra TroXXa, plerumquc, c. 7, 2. KaOt^ecrOcH, poetical form for KaOrjadat, not used in Attic prose. 48 31. Sueiv : this form does not appear in inscriptions until after b.c. 329. The Attic is Suo iv : see n. to c. 6, 2. 32. iiirEp€xovT0ev for t&v avto by attraction to ipLirareiv : see note to c. 3, 4 ; c. 34, 4. 33. el piao-deCt], ‘ whenever he had been compelled ’: the opt. is used because the reference is to an indefinite number of acts in past time. kXiviSOo Kpejxao-Tiu, ‘hammock.’ Cp. Coriol. c. 24, 3 ev kXivlSIu) cpopaS-qv KoputrdeU els ttjv epei. CHAPTER XXVIII § 1 1. 1. cvclto) |xt|vC, i.e. reckoning from the commencement of the siege, § 5. The temporal dative is used of a particular day, month or year; an attributive therefore must, as a rule, accompany the substantive. irapacrTdvTwv, ‘ being brought to terms,’ ‘capitulating.’ XXVIII 2 NOTES 173 Cp. Pans. X 33, 2 7roAiopKT}0eVre9 vno $i\Ctt 7T0V TrapeGTrfGav Kara owOr/tcas. Thucydides uses the aor. middle only, ‘ to reduce,’ serving as causative to npoGxuipelv, ‘to submit’ (i 117, 3), as i 29, 5 tovs riqv '\LnLSa.p.vov Tro\LopKovvTa<; Trapatn-qaaGOat. o/xoAoyta, C. 98, 2 7roAtop#aa 7rape gtt\ go.vto t ovg Na£tous, C. 124, 3 rrji' 7 to\lu tt apaGrr] GU)p.eOa €7reA0oi/Tt'9, III 35 v Epeow napeGTYj gclto , IV 79, 2. 3. \P 1 1! J1 ' a as an indemnity for the expenses of the war (Xpy/ JLaTCL avoLXuO&Ta), Thuc. I 117, 3. The cost of the war, according to Isocrates (or. xv 111), who follows Ephorus as his authority, was 1000 talents, acc. to Nepos (Timoth. c. 5, 1) 1200. Diodorus (xii 28, 3) mentions 200 talents as the sum at which it was estimated by Pericles. But this is manifestly, as Thirlwall says, much too little, and one might almost suspect that the words «eal x*AiW had slipped either out of his text or out of his head. We gather from the CIA. i 177 that 1270 talents were withdrawn from the treasury to meet the expenses; besides which, as Busolt suggests, the year’s (popoi , amounting to 800 talents, would, as a matter of course, be appropriated to the same purpose. Moreover large and lucrative estates in the island must have been set apart for the Athenian eponymi and Athena Polias. See the authorities quoted by Busolt Or. Gesch. n 000 note 3. The payment of the (f>opo<; was not reimposed on the Samians, but they were still bound to furnish a contingent of land troops, like the other subject states (Thuc. ii 9, 3); and we find (Thuc. vn 57, 4) that they did so in the Sicilian expedition. The island of Amorgos also was taken from them. As to the internal government, there is every reason to suppose, from the nature of the case and from the account given by Ephorus, that the Athenians re-established a democracy ; see Diod. xii 28, 4 7rapeiAero Se Kal t a? vavs avroiu Kal tcl ret \r) KareV/cai^e Kal rrjv Srjp o k par lav kclto.- Grrjaas eirairqXOev ei? rqu narpCSa. Many of the nobles fled to Anaea Oil the opposite mainland. During the Peloponnesian war the island re¬ mained in a very unsettled state. In the summer of b.c. 412 there was a great revolution, when the oligarchs were deposed and dispossessed of their property, 200 slain, 400 exiled, and a democracy established (Thuc. viii 21, 63, CIA. i 56). It must be supposed, therefore, that in the interval the oligarchs had gradually supplanted the democratic government and obtained the ascendancy. 5. Taijd|j.€voi Ka.ToCep€iu in this sense is peculiar to post-classical writers, as Polybius 1, 62, 9; 33, 11, 6. Cp. /cara^aAAetc Them. c. 24, 1, Sull. c. 24, 5, Thuc. i 27, 1, Plato Legg. V 742 B rfj vohei avro (to vop.LGp.a £eei/c6i') icara/3aAAexto, also /caraTitfecat Thuc. I 27, 2, Plat. Protag. 314 B. 6 . On Duns of Samos, sec Introduction. 7. tovtois tiriTpa-ycoSei, ‘adds a pathetic story to this,’ in exaggerated style. Cp. c. 18, 4 raOra. . . iiriTpa- 7 (fiSeirai rrj K \edpxov nv-qixr}, Dem. c. 21, 2, Heliodor. Aethiop. 2, 29 tirerpayySei Toiirtp rip Spapari Kal 'crepov 7ra(?os 6 Salpuv. Join KarriyopQv ttoWt)v u!UUT7]Ta. § 2 1. 10. ta-TopfiKev, c. 9, 2 ; c. 23, 1. 11 . aXV ov 8 e kt\., ‘nay, he does not even speak the 174 LIFE OF PERICLES XXVIII 2 truth, as it appears.’ Cp. c. 36, 4, Alex. c. 22, 3, Ar. Nub. 1396 to S^ppa tG)v yepcurlpinv cm \ a. XX’ on 5’ epefiivBov, Dem. I Aphob. § 30 \i)p.p.a oiiSlv ip.ol -yeyev-qpevov airoffiaLvovatv a\\’ ovd£ p.LKpt>v, Mid. § 147 6.W' ovS' otlovu, dc f. 1. § 41 with Shilleto’s note ad l. w$ dpa, ‘to wit that,’ but cipa conveys also the notion of something surprising. 12 . tovs 4iri.paTas = Toi)s awd rod Karaarptfiparos paxopivovs [Them. c. 14, 1) iu opp. to the rowers and seamen. 14. ’ rj|xapas 8«Ka, ‘for (during) ten days,’ c. 16, 2. 16. aveXeiv, c. 10, 7. crvyKoiJ/avTas refers to the implied subject of this infinitive and of irpofia\eh> i.e. those whose business it was to execute Pericles’ order. 17. irpoPaXciv, Them. c. 22, 2. § 3 1. 18. pdv ovv, ‘so then,’ in concluding the digression and going back to the former subject: the ovv is resumptive, the piv answers to the 5^ of 1. 22. ov8(e), ‘not even.’ TTpotrscTTiv, c. 7, 1 ; c. 8, 2. 19. I'Siov ircLOos, ‘ personal feeling,’ ‘ self-interest.’ KpaTetv T-jv 8nf|-yrpriv 4 tt1 Tfjs a>a]0eias, 1 to keep his narrative within the bounds of truth.’ 20. paXXov evTaO0a, ‘in this case the rather,’ because he had a personal interest, as a Samian by birth. 49 21. 8€ivua-cu: Thuc. Vlll 74, 3. tirl 8ia|3o\fj : c. 31, 5. 24. racfxxs . . . eiroeqcre : the ceremony took place in the outer Ceramicus. Cp. Plato Menex. 234 rapovqa-cu., ‘ that he was elated to an extraordinary degree,’ ‘his vanity was something marvellous.’ For ns, see u. to c. 27, 4. 43. 6 ”Io)v, c. 5, 3. 44. ws, ‘under the idea that,’ as c. 5, 4. £recri SeKa, § 1 1. 1, c. 27, 3. 46. tovs irpurovs, ‘the foremost men,’ c. 25, 1. § 6 1. 47. eXBvros must be supplied in the first clause from the second. a^ucris, ‘assumption,’ ‘pretension,’‘estimate of himself,’ rb a^covv eavrbv vnepfiaivew t'ov 'Aya.ptp.vova.. The expression is borrowed from Thuc. Ill 9, 2 Kal ovk cLSikos avri) T) a dialer is eanv. 48. dS^Xor-qTa, ‘uncertainty’ as to its issue, c. 18, 1. 50. 0ovkv818t)S : VIII 76, 4. irap’ eX(X\io-tov TjX0«, ‘came within a very little of.’ The passage runs thus:— irdXiv re yap atpiaiv imdpxei-v S dpov ovk daBevr\ dXX’ i) nap’ 176 LIFE OF PERICLES XXVIII G t\ax<-crTOv St) TjkBe t 6 ’AB-pvatwv Kparos ttjs 8akaaar)s, ore ewokiprjaev, dekladaL. For the phrase, cp. Isocr. or. 19, 22 wapd p-iKpov 9j\Bev diroBaveiv and see my n. to Thuc. VII c. 2, 4. There is little doubt that the Samian war exercised an un¬ favourable influence for the Confederacy, for the number of the tributary Carian towns decreased from forty-three b.c. 440 to twenty-nine, and of these the greater number lay close to Ionia within reach of the Athenian power. 51. The double accusative after depaipeladai is normal ; Plutarch has sometimes the genitive of the person, but the dative is mostly used. CHAPTER XXIX § 1 1. 1. p.€Ta Tatra: five years afterwards, 01. 86, 4 =i!.c. 433/2. KU|j.aivovTos, a metaphor taken from a storm at sea, which is preceded by agitation and heaving of the waves. 2. KepKupafots : see Thuc. I 24 ff. for details. The local orthography was KopKvpa, Kopxupaloi, and such was that of Attic inscriptions of the fifth century, but after the year B.c. 375 we find Kep/cvpa, KepKvpaioi. 4. irpoo-XapEiv, ‘to take over,’‘fix in their interest.’ Thuc. hi c. 13, 7 ; viii c. 2, 4. 5. vauTiKT) 8uvd.p.ei: Thuc. I c. 25, 4 TptT)pets eikocrt Kat eKarov vwrjpxov avrois tire ijpxovro rrokepelv. 6 . Serov ouSeVu, ‘very little short of not yet,’ ‘as good as already.’ So Ale. c. 14, 3 oaov ovSiirw ij.eTap.ekop.ivov s, Alex. c. 26, 2, Mor. 1103 D oaov ovSIttui Karairod-qaeadaL tt)v vavv. The expression oaov oUttco is very often found, generally with the infinitive or participle, as Cat. mi. c. 70, 3, Ale. c. 25, 3. 7. eKTreTroXepupevcov, c. 22, 1. § 2 1. 9. Se'iea vaus povas fyovra : cp. Thuc. i 45, 1, Dioil. XII 33, 2 irapaxpvpo. plv i^lwepxj/av rpiripeLS KarripTiaplvas Shea, per a 8e raOra Trkdovs eirr)-yyeikavTO irip\jjeiv, edv rj XP €la - 10. olov ei\apyvpiav 6 Kpdaaos, Tliuc. VUI 88 fiovXoplevos avrov rois lleXoirovvrjcrlots Ss rrjv iavrov Kal ’Adrjvaiuv i\eei yap o 0eo? ra vn epexovra ndvra ko Aoveiv, and SO Thucydides VII 66, 3 enei8av to d£tovrj(TL k(l I tov rpCrov tow Kl/au>i/o? vid>v ©ecrcraAoi/ ’Icroduo?? ye-yoi'eVcu ttj? Evpu7rroAep.ov rou Meya/cAeovs. Cimon’s reasons for the names which he gave his six sons are stated by the Scholiast on Aristides hi p. 515 Dind. viovs be cocci' e£, u>v tov? /xev rpeZ? a7ro e0vcov, u>v TTpov^eVuTev, covo/aatre, Aa/ce6aip.6vtov, ’HAeiov, ©eTTaAoi/, tov? be TpeZ? ebro ovop-arcov tt}? avyyQveias MiAriabrjv, Kip.tova Kal neuridva/cra. 19. 8ti, ‘because.’ 21. cSokovv, c. 30, 3. 22. ’ApKaSiKfjs : slie was a native of Clitor (Arcadia), Stral). Geocjr. vm c. 8 , 2. kclkcos aKovwv, c. 5, 2 ; c. 12, 1. 24. -rots 8eT)0et Kal dSiKoiev tt]v Hekoirovvriaov. 31. irao-TjS a-yopas . . . etp-yetrOai : rijs ’Atti/ojs dy opas, acc. to Thuc. I 67, 4 where the to wepl Aleyapicov i ppepeapa —which was passed in the summer of b.c. 432—is first mentioned ; cp. c. 139, 1 ; c. 144, 1. See also Arist. Ach. 520 and passim. 34. irapo toi. Koiva Smaia, ‘ in violation of the common rights and privileges,’ in virtue of which during the time of peace there was free interchange of communication for all Hellenic States. tovs SpKovs, ‘ the articles of peace sworn to,’ the Thirty Years’ truce of b.c. 445 (irapd ras cnrovSds Thuc. i 67, 4). 35. Avyi.vt)Tcu : these did not belong to the allies but had been in dependence on Athens since b.c. 456. Cp. Thuc. i 67 2 AlyivTjral re s pen oil irpeafievbpevoi, ScSlotcs tovs ’ Adpvalovs, Kpixpa Se, oyx tj^ierra per aiirCov ivr/yov rbv irb\epov Abyovres ovk elvai avrbvopoi Kara ras airovSds. From this it would appear that there was a general formula providing that the dependent states should revert to their independence. Biller Proleg. p. 411 refers this complaint of tlie Aeginetans to the ancient compact made before or immediately after the battle of Plataea. Yet, acc. to tlie report of the oath by Diodorus xi 29, 3, the parties were only restrained from utterly destroying any of the contracting cities— ovbep,iav tw v dywvtcra/xei/wv 7roAet0v aj/aerrarov ttoujctoj. XXIX 5 NOTES 179 36. tiroTviwvTo, ‘ appealed as suppliants,’ ‘ complained bitterly, ’ a post-classical word, generally applied to women, as in Cacs. c. 63, 6 t) KaAirovpvLd idola it or v ida 0 ai Kal Saxpijeiv, Cat. mi. c. 27, 2 ywahca Kal a8e\as ttotv nop.£v as Kal SaKpvodaas, Ages. c. 18, 1 roiavra it otv ioi p.£v 17 , Artox. c. 3, 3 ddvpopivp iroWu. Kal TroTvioip.ivr\. Anton, c. 35, 2 7 roXXa iroTViojp.ivT) Kal woXXa Seopivri, Mor. 507 C tt or v toi p.t vrjs airrjs cos iriariv ovk ix°fov s, but sometimes to men, as 62 D 6 'Xws i^aOvp-Civ Kal iroTVLwp.evo%, 408 A r)K£ Sajrepov worvLiJipevoi. See Ruhnken on Timaeus p. 221 . 39. IIoT£i 8 cua . . . airoo-T&o-a, 1 the revolt of Fotidaea, ’ Thuc. I cc. 56-66. After the engagement of Sybota, tlio Athenians, suspicious of the designs of Corinth, the leading city of the Peloponnesus, and apprehensive of the revolt of their colony Potidaea, which occupied an important site on the isthmus of Pallene, called on the Potidaeans, as eavrwr £vp.pdyou? opou vjroreAfis, to give up the hostages and dismiss the magistrate (eiriSijpcovpyos) appointed yearly by Corinth ; also to raze the wall of their town on the side of Pallene so that it might be accessible to them. The Potidaeans thereupon, encouraged by promises of support from Corinth and the assurance of the Lacedaemonians that they would march into Attica if the Athenians attacked them, determined upon secession from their alliance. The city, which was besieged by the Athenians in b.c. 432, surrendered to them in B.c. 430, when it was levelled to the ground and its inhabitants put to death. § 6 1. 42. ov aXXa is here used elliptically merely to mark the continuation of the narrative, 1 however,’ as in c. 8 , 4. There is an example of the full construction in c. 34, 4. 43. irep.irop.eVwv : embassies had been sent on three several occasions from Lacedaemon to Atlieus ; the first was after the war which was concluded by the Thirty Years’ truce. 44. ’ApxiSapov, c. 8 , 4. 45. els 8 iaXvo-ei.s fryovTos, 1 trying to bring to a friendly settlement.’ On 5iaXi)/6'■ ap a KadeXovou p'rj dv yeveaOa t iroXepov. The greatest ISO LIFE OF PERICLES XXIX 5 stress was laul on this point, probably because it was known to be that on which it was least likely that any concession would be made, and because this also furnished an occasion for malicious insinuation and popular clamour against Pericles, who maintained that the Spartan proposal relating to JMegara had been held out merely to try the spirit and firmness of the Athenians. 52. paXio-xa with evavriudels. By tovto is meant the revocation of the decree. 55. ^s 'ioiKev, ut fertur. 13. koivt|v, because every kind of profanation affected the public interests. XXX 3 NOTES 181 14. airoTep-vecrGai nf]v Upav opyaSa., ‘that they cut off and ap¬ plied to their own use the holy field, ’i.e. the portion of the ground (between Megara and Athens) consecrated to the Eleusinian deities, Demeter and Persephone. Cp. Time. 1 139, 2 oi S’ ’kd-gvcuoi oilre rdWa inrpKovov oil re to \pT)(f)i.ap.a. Kadypow, iTrcKaXoCvres in-epyaaiav MeyapeCg p,rj tov \OLTTOV TT)V \Uipav €TT€pyd£oLVTO, KTC LVOV rovg, v 7 rojU. 107 p.ara Se rrj g aSi/ctag eangerav ai'SpidvTa npo tojv ttuXiov. Plutarch must have often noticed the monument during his stay at Athens. ‘The Megarians were so fully looked upon as the authors of the murder, that they were punished for it many ages afterwards ; for upon that very account the Emperor Adrian denied them many favours and privileges which he granted to the other cities of Greece ’ (Langhornes). 21. diroQaveiv, of a violent death, as c. 28, 3. 28o£e, c. 27, 4. The xprjfpiafia must have been proposed and carried by Charinus after a complete rupture with Sparta. 22. dcnrovSov Kal a.KT]pvKTov, ‘without truce or herald,’ ‘ irreconcileable and implacable,’ excluding all possibility of a friendly settlement. Cobet thinks that Plutarch must have substituted exOpau for irtAepov, which he read in the original psephism. Cp. Arist, c, 1 3 3 ov 7 dp ^(rrt rots ayadois aKrj- 53 182 LIFE OF PERICLES XXX 3 pvKros Kal Hcrrovdo s srpbs ras irapa twv oii79 neirpaKTCU, Kai rrji/ Siavoiai' €\ovtuju a8rj\ov , 6 npbs to \eipov eiKagcov 1S4 LIFE OF PERICLES XXXI 2 SvfTfLCurjs i(TTL kcli KaKorjOrj*;• axnrep oi koj/likoi tov TroXe/xov virb rov TTept- kAcous eKKCKavcrOai Si' 'Aanacriav rj Sia *I*etSiai/ a.7ro(/)aiVoi'Te9, ov dyaXpan TTpowcipyacraTo Kai ircpi.e0T]Kev, ‘had super¬ imposed it as an addition to (not, part and parcel of) the statue,’ Nic.-Crass. c. 4, 1 irpoaepydaaaBai tt/v 'Actav oh IIopTnji'os ew- IjXde, Eur. II. F. 1012 ws pr)8Iv it poa e py do cut o rofs SeSpapIvois. 28. ■yveopr) tov IlepiKXc'ovs, 1 by the advice of Pericles ’ : cp. Thuc. II 13, 5 curlcpaive S' (6 Hepi/cXys) Sx ov T ° dyaXpa reaaapd- kovto TaXavTa aTO.6p.6v xP VfTi0V dweipdov Kal irepiaipeTov elvai XXXI 4 NOTES 185 ciirav, xPV a ' a l u ^ vol ' i Te e7r ‘ aoiTpptq. 1T) xf ) V V0Ll P-V i\6.aaoi am- KaraaTTjiTai 7 toKlv. Diodorus (xn 40, 3) gives fifty gold talents, and Philochorus (Sell, ad Al'ist. Pax 604) forty-four (— about £120,000) as the weight (top oTa.6g.bv) of the moveable drapery of the Parthenos ; yet its thickness did not much exceed a line. O. Miiller A. A. § 113, 2. 29. irepieXovouv (sc. rb XP V ciov) depends on Svvarbv elvai. 30. 8 . . . 7roi£iv i.e. TcepieKbvTas to x[ >va ' L0v diroSei^ai top aTa.0p.bv. The kcu implies that they were not to be satisfied with accusing him ; they ought to verify the fact for themselves. § 4 1. 33. T-f|v irpos ’Apatovas pu.^r|V ev tt) dtririSi iroiaiv : the victory of the Athenians under the command of Theseus over the Amazons when they invaded Attica {Thes. c. 27, 3) was a very favourite subject of Attic art, as on one of the metopes of the north side of the Parthenon. Cp. Pliny Nat. Hist, xxxvi 4, 18 sieuti eius in quo Amazonum proclium caclavit intumeseente (‘ convex ’) ambitu parmae, eiusdem concava parte dcorum et gigantum dimicationem. 34. eveTuirwtre, ‘ cut in relief’ or ‘in intaglio.’ The shield which was brought from Athens by Viscount Strangford in 1864 and is now in the British Museum, professes to be a copy of the original shield, and it exhibits two figures which exactly tally with Plutarch's description— i.e. the bald old man, with both arms uplifted, about to slay an Amazon, and a lighting Greek close to him with the uplifted arm partly across his face. But Dr. A. S. Murray of the British Museum ( Encycl. Ilritann. vol. xvni p. 734) says with great probability : — ‘These portraits answer so minutely to the description of Plutarch that there can hardly be a doubt of their having been produced subsequently to illustrate some current story on which that description was founded. The workmanship is several centuries later than Phidias, and it would he strange, if the portraits for which he had paid with his life had been left for so long a time on the shield, or had even been allowed at any moment to he perpetuated in a copy. In answer to this objection it was fabled that the portraits had been so lixed on the shield that they could not be removed without bringing down the whole work.’ See Aristotle (de mundo c. 0) to ere aeayfojs, ei Tts /3 ouAoito at no nepiaLpeiv. to crugnav dya\ga Aueir re «ai ouyxetr. Cp. Cic. Tusc. i 15, 34 Phidias swi similem speciem inclusit in clypeo Minervae, mm inscribere non liceret. (See Addenda.) 35. irerpov £irqp|j.evov, 1 poising a large stone which he has lifted.’ Cp. Pelop.-Mare. c. 3, 1 8ir/pp.tvos KoviSa sal iraUiv ptWwv TroXtpiov. In the Lenormant Statuette of Athena — a rude figure which was found in 1859 near the Mouseion at Athens, and of which there is a cast (97) in the South Ken¬ sington Museum—among the reliefs of the Amazonomachia the figure of the bald Phidias is clearly seen in the attitude here described. In the relief on the Strangford Shield he is repre¬ sented as wielding an axe instead of poisiug a stone. 37. tv£0T)K« sc. t p dairlbi.. 186 LIFE OF PERICLES XXXI 4 39. irpo ri)s bi|>eco5, c. 35, 2. 40. oiov tTriKpijTrT€Lv poiiXercu ktX., ‘wishes so to say’ (looks as if it wished) to conceal the likeness, though it is plainly visible on either side,’ i.c. the face was only partly covered by the hand, and could be seen on either side of it. § 5 1. 42. |i€v oSv : c. 28, 3. 43. &irax0£LS : c. 24, 7. voo"f]tras, ingressive aorist participle (c. 7, 6 ; c. 9, 4), expressing the cause, and so answer¬ ing to the dat. cf>app.&K ots. The death of Phidias took place in 01. 87, 1=432 b.c. This tradition of the cause rests on the authority of Ephorus. Philochorus makes him die in Elis. See HSauppe die Qu. etc. p. 32. 44. end SiaPoXfj . . . wapawKevatravTiov, ‘ which his enemies contrived with a view to bringing discredit on Pericles,’ as though it were he that had poisoned him in order to get rid of his evidence as an accessory, whose revelations might injure him. For ini SiafioXfj cp. c. 28, 3. 46. ■ypaij/avTos rXvKwvos, ‘on the motion of Glycon,’ c. 32, 2. 47. dreXciav, ‘ exemption from public burdens ’ (\rirovpylai) such as the clioregia etc. Thus was an honour bestowed on deserving citizens and metoeci given him as /ir/wTpa. 48. tov &v0pw'iro'u, c. 5, 2 ; c. 34, 1. CHAPTER XXXII 56 § 1 1. 2. SCktjv £LO "P.a : Plutarch here refers to three psepliisms. In the first, that of Diopeithes, Cobet traces archaic phrases of the original text in ra deia for 6eov s and wepl twv peTapalwv for it. t. XXXII 2 NOTES 187 fKTa.bpuH'. Diopeithes, like Lampon his brother-diviner (xp-ncriJ.o\6yos), was the butt of contemporary comic poets for his fanaticism and superstition. See my Onomasticon Aristophan. p. 808 a. He was opposed to the teaching of Anaxagoras, like most of the genuine old Athenians, Nic. c. 23, 3. 7. eltrayyeXXecrOai: ‘ should be liable to the criminal process called elv iiSeus t as Siaf3o\a s irpooiep.£vwv, Mare. C. 19, 2 tovtov ou8b fiXcus rrpoa^KaTO rbv \byov, Ilerod. VI 123 oi> irpoaiepai t'qv 8iapo\r)V. 12. oUtus f|8q, when the people were in this mood, ‘just then ’ was the opportunity for getting the decree passed. These adverbs joined to the principal verb of the sentence give greater emphasis to the temporal relation of the participle. Cp. c. 7, 2 and see G. MT. 2 § 855. 13. KvpoOrai, ‘is ratified.’ The Draeontides here men¬ tioned may be the same as the commander of the expedition to Corcyra, c. 29, 3. Another of the name appears in the Wasps of Aristophanes 1. 157, where the Scholiast describes him as irovppbs Kal Tr\elT€0€t€v, ‘to the effect that the accounts of the public moneys he had expended should be deposited with the Prytanes.’ For the optative after 6'irws in an object clause after a verb of commanding etc., see G. MT.’ 2 § 355. It is not certain whether, in addition to his office of oTpar-pyos, Pericles was also rapla s or ein.p.e\r)Tr)s rrj s kolvt)s irpoabSov — an appointment which was held for four years. The proper 188 LIFE OF PERICLES XXXII 2 officials for examining and passing such accounts were the Xoy urral, and therefore we must assume that the proposal of Dracontides had reference to some extraordinary payments of l’ericles. Cp. c. 23, 1. The extraordinary mode of voting also, which was intended to give the procedure greater solemnity, on which see Them. c. 17, 1, points to the same conclusion. The altar meant is that in the temple of Athena Polias. 17. «v tt) iroXei,‘ in the acropolis ’: cp. c. 37, 1, Pelop. c. 18, 1 rocs yap aiepowi\eis iwieucCbs ( plcrumque ) oi Tore ir6\eis wvbp.aIov. The town was properly called tiarv. Hagnon, probably the father of Theramenes one of the Thirty, was a leading democratic statesman, Xen. Hell, n iii 30, see Nic. c. 2, 1. Such amendments and supplementary clauses were added on the Tablet in the following form :—"Ayvwv ehrev ' roc p.ev &Wa KaOaTrep ApaKovrLSrjs. By Hagnon’s amendment the prelimi¬ naries of the legal process were more strictly defined. There were 1501 jurors also in the trial of Demosthenes in the affair of Harpalus, and in other extraordinary trials. 18. to 5 »]/r](j)Ccr[j.aTos with ap tov avxeva, Andoc. de myst. p. 10, 20 ourot 6’ av rjo-av 6 tt6 Kara Si tt)P dpr)Pi)P tops aiiTovs avKoipaPTOvPTa dia tt)p is substituted, as in c. 33, 2, for the reflexive pro¬ noun, as if from the biographer’s point of view, probably because of the reflexive iavr-qp which follows. a|i«pa, c. 37, 1. 36. dva0e£) etg navra tvkttCo /cat /3e/3auo StcTeAeo'e, Senior. C. 12, 1 e XP*i T0 ( a VTOt9) 7rpo9 anavra. /aerpuorepoi?, Cat. 7)Ut. C. 13, 5 0 I 9 act 7rt(7TOt9 exprjro Kat - 17 po0v/xot9, Mar. C. 5, 5 xaAe7rot9 XP 1 ^t JLevo '> T °ts 5tKacrTat9, Lucull. C. 30, 3 xaAe7rot9 \pwftepoi /cat Svs tvayeis). The allusion is to some circumstances which had happened nearly two centuries before. Certain conspirators with Cylon at their head, who had taken refuge in the temple of Minerva, gave themselves up on con¬ dition of their lives being spared, and were then sacrilegiously murdered. The persons guilty of this offence against the deity (aXiTTjpiot tt )s 6eo0, Ar. Eq. 445) were expelled, together with Megacles who was archon at the time, but were recalled later. In B.C. 508 they were expelled again by Cleomenes, king of Sparta, but they soon afterwards returned to Athens—amongst them the Alcmaeonidae, the family to which Pericles’ mother Agariste (c. 3, 1), the niece of Cleistlienes, belonged. See p. 81. Thuc. i 127 remarks upon the motives of the Spartans :—tovto 8r\ to ayo 9 ot Aa/cc5atp.bi/tot e\avveiv €Ke\evov 8rj6ev T 019 0eot9 npuirou Tip-iopovisres, eiSores Se Ilept/cAea rov cZavOimrov 7rpo(rex6p.evov avreo Kara rr\v fxrjTepa. /cal vop.C£ovr€s eKneo'ovTOS avrov paov aefnen Trpoxwpelv ra a7rb tojv ’AO rji/aCtov. ov jueVrot toctovtov phiri^ov naOeiv av avrov tovto o 7rpo9 rrjv ttoXlv, W9 /cat 6ta r rjv eKeCvov £v/ou/>opa v to /xepo9 carat 6 ^oAcp. 09 . 8. Trepieo-TT) els rovvavrCov, ‘ had the contrary effect ’ to what they intended. Cp. c. 6, 2. 11. irlo-xiv &rxe : see n. to c. 13, 10 ; c. 24, 4 ; c. 29, 5. 12. us : 1. 27, c. 5, 4 ; c. 14, 1 ; c. 16, 1. § 2 1. 15. tov ’ApxySap.ov : c. 8, 4. ?x 0VTa > ‘with.’ 18. eieelvou: c. 32, 3. ijevlav, ‘friendly relation.’ 19. 8ia(3o\ijs . . . evSiSoiis d.(f>opp.ds, ‘on purpose to give XXXIII 5 NOTES 191 his enemies a handle for traducing him,’ Them. c. 23, 1. With the same object in view, Hannibal spared the property of his opponent Fabius Maximus, Fab. c. 7, 2, JLiv. xxn 23, 4. 21. Tas eira.i3X.as, ‘the homesteads’ upon it. Cp. Thuc. II 13, 1 tovs aypov s robs bavTov Kal codas, t)v &pa p.T) Srnoaoxnv ol TroXdpuoi ibeirop Kal ra twv dXXuv, CKpiyatv airrci 8-qp.oeia elvai. 22. eiri8I8ucriv, ‘offers as a free gift.’ § 3 1. 22. tpPdMovcnv : this was in 431 B.c. 23. o-TpaTco ptyaXui, c. 10, 1. 26. ’A\apvas, the largest of the denies or townships of Attica, about 74 miles north of Athens, c. 30, 4. Thucydides (ii 20, 4) gives the reason why lie took up a position there :— apa yap aur<3 6 x^po? eirmjSeios iaLV€TO ivaTpaTOTredevcat, apa Si /cat o t ’Axctp^r}? piya pepos ovtcs rrjs 7r6Aeios (rpiaxtAioi yap 07rAtTat iyivovTo) ov TrepLOxf/ecrOaL iSoKovv ra erepa fita^PapcVra aAA’ opp.rjo-eit' koX tovs navras is po-Xnv- 28. {nr’ opyfjs : cp. Arist. Vcsp. 1083 inr’ opyrjs ryv xeXih'ip' debitin', Pax 613 iridos TrXTjyds inr’ opyrjs avTtXdKTieev irldip, Ran. 854 KetpaXaio) rbv Kpiratpiv aov pr/pan Oevuv inr’ opyrjs, Lys. 504 xdXeirdi' inrb rrjs 6pyr/s aura.! (ras x e ‘pas) iexriv. § 4 1. 31. irpos Tons 6|aKis yiyvdio'Keiv irepi rod pr] ewe^ibrai, eKK\T)trtav Te ovk biroiec avrioii ov5b ^bXXoyor (‘special meeting’) ovSbra, tov pg opyp tl paXXov ?) yvoopri ^vreXO&rTas e^apaprelv, TTjV re irbXiv ecpiiXaocre kcli St’ Tjaux^as paXiCTa ooov iSvvaro elxer. 40. SeSuos piao-0T)vai. : for the infinitive after a verb of fearing, see note to c. 7, 1. ir-apd ■Yviup.rjv, ‘against his inclination’ (or ‘judgment’). Cp. Nic. c. 11, 2 -trapa yvih- ppv pia^oper os ( avrovs) it pbs rb avpcpbpov, Marc. c. 25, 1 /3ia- adrjvcu irapa yvoip-qv pp fiovX&pevos, Time. IV 123, 2, VI 9, 2. 42. KariovTos, ‘ sweeping down ’ : cp. Cam. c. 34, 3 irveb- paros peyaXov kcltiovtos airo tGiv opwv, Lucull. c. 10, 2 tip' Tjpbpa aaXop elxev 7) BaXacraa k ar i6v t os aKpirov tvv evparos. ev rreXa-yei, ‘ in the open sea.’ For the omission of the article, see n. to c. 19, 3 and cp. Them. c. 14, 2. 43. KaTareivas to. oirXa, ‘ drawing the cordage and cables taut.’ XP'H TCU T 19 Te ’x v TI, ‘ acts according to his art.’ 59 44. eiripa/rcov, ‘passengers,’ not as in c. 28, 1. 47. «xPh T0 T °ts aiiTou XoyLcr|).ots, ‘ exercised his own judgment’; cp. c. 26, 2, Cat. mi. c. 58, 4, c. 68, 4 ; Dam. c. 20, 1. The opposite is irpobadai tovs aurou Xoyiapovs, Per.-Fab. c. 1,4. ppaxe’a 4>p°i' T ^“v ktX., ‘little heeding them.’ Cp. Alex. c. 15, 5 eX&x LaTa 4 > P 0VT ^ eLV iKelvrjs bepr), Cat. ma. c. 19, 1, [Dem.] rrepi tojv irpos’ KXbp,av5pov § 4 /3pa%u cp povTlaas vpoiv. § 6 1. 49. 8e6pevot, irpocreKeiVTO, ‘ kept urging him with en¬ treaties,’ ‘putting pressure upon him.’ Cp. Sol. c. 14, 2 irpoae- kclvto Tp> 'ZbXojvi Tvpa.vvl5a irpo^evouvres, Thuc. Vll c. 18, 1 6 ’AX/ci/3ia5?;s tt poaKeeper os bbeSaaKe, c. 78, 3, VIII 52, 2 6 ’AXk. irpoOvpcos top Tiacracpbprri depaxelnov it poo i kcito. 51. x°P ol > ‘the comic choruses.’ See cr. n. 53. to. iTpaypara, rem publicam, c. 39, 5. § 7 1. 54. tirecjme-ro sc. avTip, ‘made an attack upon him.’ Illustrations of Plutarch’s use of this verb are given in my n. to Nic. c. 10, 3. Cleon is the celebrated demagogue, who was the object of Aristophanes’ ridicule in the Knights. 55. 8id tt|s irpos 6K6LVOV opyris . . . tt|V Sripaytoytav, ‘ making use of the general angry feeling against Pericles as a stepping-stone to the leadership of the people. ’ 57. irov eyxaptSlov KoniSos {tovtcotl piKpordrov ey x«- piSiov) dqyoplvqs iv cLKivy aKXqpq. Blass retains the vulgate aiedvr) aKXripa. irapa.dqyop.lvri fipi'Kei KoiriSas and conjectures 3? ixdcio' for and extracts this far-fetched meaning:— ‘ even the whetstone of a poniard, so hard is it, eats into knives, when they are sharpened upon it, bitten by the flashing (‘steel’lie should have said, but he substitutes 7rap’ birbvotav) Cleon,’ with a direct reference to Pericles. So must Pericles also, were he uot an arrant coward, be excited and em¬ bittered through the destructive iron (i.e. devastation) of the enemy and through Cleon’s onslaught. Meineke extracts a somewhat different meaning from the last line :—‘his verbis significat Cleonis pugnam identidem poseentis feroeia Periclem compelli lit ad anna capessenda se promptum esse confidat.’ 64. al'Oiuvi, as applied to Cleon, means ‘violent,’ ‘impetuous.’ It is a parody of the Homeric afflwvi aiSr/pip (11. 4, 485) and aWoiv Xdov (10, 24). Cp. Time, ill 36, 5, where Cleon is called fiiaiiTaTos twv iroXnuv, Diodor. XII 55, 8 ibpb s rbv rpbiruv cal plaios. CHAPTER XXXIV § 1 1. 1. ttAt|v for irXqv dXXd, ceterum, ‘ however,’ in breaking 60 off and passing to another subject (post-classical), c. 31, 1. vir’ ovSevos €Kivf)0t) tuv ToiovTiov, ‘was not moved, stirred O 194 LIFE OF PERICLES XXXIV 1 from his purpose, by any such things,’ the importunity of his friends and the scoffs of his enemies. The article is used because the notion of a separate class is made prominent. 2. o-iwTrrj, adverbial dative of manner, like ipyy, fiLa, cnrouSrj, aval/., ubiypup. 4. t-rrl rf)v IleXoirdvvTprov, ‘ against (i.e. to make descents on the coast of) the Pelojionnese,’ Thuc. n 23, 1. 6. oiKoupwv, § 4 1. 40, c. 11, 1. 7. 8ia \€ipos ^x wv > ‘keeping tight in hand’ i.e. under control. Cp. Cic. c. 16, 1 Tijr nokiv £?x 6 ^X €L P°Sy Sert. c. 6, 5 Si a^eipbs ehe ra? 7roAei?, Dcmet)’. c. 5, 4 ras 7roAa? Sia ^eipos eix e » Euvi. c. 6, 3 ras r/vias Siaxeipb; c'x ei Mur. c. 10,3 Sia x e i p b s elxer (Jugurtham regem), Earn. c. 4, 1 TTjr opopoi' ’A pfieviav Sia P°s i f oira, Time, ii 13, 2 t/x twii £v[jl/x d\v>v Sia \eipbs ex^ir, Lucian Run. c. 13 Sia x et pb? exit to 77 pay pa, Arist. Fesp. 597 i/n/Aarrci ppa? Sia ^etpo? eX w v. So Sia cnopaToq €\eiv nra Plut. J7ic. c. 9, 5, Xen. Ci/r. I iv 25. 8. dirr)X\d-yr]o-av, C. 21, 1. Oepairsviov, ‘making himself agreeable to,’ vfgrs c. 13, 2 ; ,%?’<. c. 6, 3 ; Cleom. c. 6, 1 ; i%oc. c. 21, 4. 9. 8pws, notwithstanding the departure of the Pelopon¬ nesians. d auTO) Oepei tovti a e£ Aiyivrjs ’AOrjvaiOL avrovg re k at noiSas k at ywaiicas, €Truca\€l(Tlv atrtov? etmt (c. 29, 4)‘ /cat ttji/ Aiyivav acr^aAecrrepoi' etfiatvero, 777 IleAoTiwj^cra) emK.eLp.evrjv (c. 8 , 5), avruiv 7refXiJjavTes eiroLKOVs e^eu/, Diod. XII 44, 2 'AOrjvaioL 8' ey/caAovvres Ahyu^rai? d /9 (TvirqpyrjKoa-L Aa.Ke8a.Lp.ov tots aveaTrjcrav avTOV? €/c rrjg 7 r 6 Aew 5 ‘ e/c Se twi/ 7to\ltu)V oi/ojropa? eKnepif/avre^ KaT€K\r]povxV a ' ai/ ' n j u re Alycvav /cat ttji/ X(8pav. Aa/cefiat/xoi/tot 5e rot? eKnenTioKOO’Lv AiyivqTa.iq eSco/cai/ olkclv Ta? KaAovp.eVa? ©vpata?. This was as a set-off to the settlement of the Messenians at Ithome and from this point the exiles continued to molest the Athenians, until in b.c. 424 they were attacked and cut down to a man. They were re-established in their island by Lysander after the battle of Aegospotamos b.c. 405. § 2 1. 15. tea! -yap : this /ecu corresponds to that before /card yrjv in next line ; cp. c. 24, 6. 17. X‘“P av T£ corresponds to kui pas vt to which Kal iroXeis is coupled. 19. iracrav : Thuc. IL 31, 2 says Sr/ibaavres ra 7ro\\d rijs yijs (sc. rijs Mey aplSos) aveyaip-qaav, Diod. XII 44, 3 iropBrjcras XXXIV 3 NOTES 195 Ti)v x^P aP Kai T “ s kti)< ms avrwv \vppvapevos pera ttoXX^s ue\eias (‘booty’) twavffkdev eh to.s ’A 0-qvas. fj Kal 8-rjXov, ‘ whence (whereby) indeed it is plain ’ (because the Pelopon¬ nesians suffered so much). 20. Spwvres sc. ol woXt/uoi. 23. (&v) raxtojs aira-irov, ‘they would have soon called off,’ ‘ given up,’ c. 36, 4. See Greek Index s.v. They did in fact give up the war and went back to Sparta; but Archidamus returned the next year, though Plutarch takes no notice of this circumstance; and it was during this, his second incursion, that the pestilence broke out ( Wraiigham ). 25. See the speech of Pericles, Thuc. i 140. Note that irpotpydpeua-ev is an unclassical form for ivpoehrev, only the present and imperfect of ayopeveiv and its compounds being used in the best Attic prose. § 3 1. 28. vvv 8e, 1 as it was,’ ‘ as the ease stood,’ is always in 61 this sense preceded by an unreal hypothesis, and is parallel to the protasis of the sentence which it contradicts. TrpooTov pev : there is no HireiTa or ebrara 8b to correspond. Plut. had some other casualty in his mind, such as the death of Pericles, which however he omits. f| XoipioSrjs <|>0opd ( r/ Xoi/xcvStjs v6 paXurra. So Virg. Oeorg. IV 458 artus depascitur arida febris. In the course of three years the Athenian loss was 4400 hoplites and 300 cavalry, that is, respectively a third and fourth of the whole number, Thuc. hi 87, 2, cl. n 13. 30. 8vvap.iv, robur. 31. KaKovptvoi, c. 29, 4. 32. r|-ypi.io0T]o-av, efferati sunt. 33. KaOdirfp laTpov -r) waTtpa, ‘ as (patients) do to a physician or (children) to a father.’ 34. 7rapa<}>povf]cravT£S, ingressive aor., ‘ in a fit of delirium, ’ with r rj vbcrip. 37. bp7]cris. 196 LIFE OF PERICLES XX XIV 3 Cp. Nic. C. G, 3 rov Se Aotpou Tqv 7rAciVTT}/' a/Tiar eAa|3e i! epi /cApc Sta. Tor no\epov eis to otto /caTa/cAeicras Tor cltt'o rrjs \ a7ro0rp/r/corTcs e/cet/'TO /cat or Tats oSots c/caAti/5o0i/TO /cat Trope tcls Kpqi’aq azroicras ppudi-pTcc too {/fiaTos tzrt(?rpta. 38. direp-yd£€Tcu, ‘causes.’ § 4 1. 39. irviyr]p ‘ relief,’ ‘ respite,’ a poetical word. CHAPTER XXXV § 1 1. 1. TavTa LdcrBcu, sc. ra. ko.k&. Cp. Ale. c. 25, 6 lire- Xelpyaav laada i pei^ovi Kaicip rb KaK&v, Ale. -Cor. c. 2, 5 7roXXais deljaeai piav iwpivaiv dpypv, Dem. c. 7, 2, Sol. c. 29, 3 d rts avroO Tpv iTn.dvp.lav Idaairo rrjs rvpavvlSos, Eur. Or. 651 apapriav rrjs err/s yvnaiKbs abiKiav r’ itopevos, Thuc. v 65, 2 Kaebv KaKtl 5 laaOai. 2. TrapaXuimv, ‘ to inflict annoyance besides.’ irapa might also imply stealthiness or suddenness, as in irapeioTri-n-Teiv, Pelop. c. 11, 6 ; irapeiadyeiv Lye. c. 28, 4 ; -rrapeurpeiv ib. c. 27, 3 ; TrapaSvecrdaL Erot. e. 5. 3. €7rXf|pou, ‘manned.’ Hence -n-Xr/pupa, ‘crew.’ This was the second expedition, under the command of Pericles himself, who had been re-elected Strategus in Hecatombaeon 430 b.c. TllUC. Il 56, 1 ert 6’ avTa)v (SC. toju Jle\oirovvr}(ruov ) iv t< 3 7re6ttu outiov (before they had moved on to the S.E. coast district of Attica), eicaTov veoiv 67riTr\ovv Tfl ITe XoTiowria(o 7rapecKeva^ero kcll> eneLSr) eroLfxa r/u, avr/yeTO • -/fye S' 67rt ra /v veoiv 07rAtVa9 'A.6t)va.iuiv Terpa/a(rxiAiov9 /cat Imreas rpta/coatov? cp vo.v7W Tore e/c tco/' TraXaiiov vetoi* Tvotr\9^i(ro.L*;. Tliese are the transports which called forth the joke of Aristophanes (Eq . 599 ff.) for their novelty. XXXV 3 NOTES 197 5. ava(3ifiacrd|j.evos. ‘causing to embark,’ Thuc. vii 33, 4. 7. diro TOtraiJTr|S taboos : c. 39, 1. Cp. Philop. c. 10, 1 a. wo peyaXys dvva.fj.eios iwifiovXevovTa wacn UeXowovvyaiots, Pyrrh. c. 14, 6, e. 18, 4, Pci. c. 17, 6. 11. tov rjXiov eicXiimv : Plutarch lias confounded two ex¬ peditions. The solar eclipse (not total) happened not on this occasion but a year earlier, the 3rd of August 431 B.C. =01. 87, 2, when Pericles was not in command. See Thuc. n 28. The incident is recorded with many variations in later writers. Valerius Max. viii 11 ext. 1 makes Pericles explain the phenomenon in the popular assembly: — Pericles processit in medium et quae a praeceptore suo Anaxagora pertinentia ad solis et lunae cursum acceperat disseruit. Cp. Nic. c. 23, Cic. Rep. i c. 16, 25. 13. opov sc. 6vra. G. MT.~ §§ 902, 884. 15. 8iT]-n-oprpj.tvov, ' puzzled what to do. ’ rfjv \Xapu8a, ‘his military cloak.’ 17. TrapaKaXnvJ/as SC. avrov or ras 5\peis aurou. So wapa- KakuwTeaOaL is used by Plato Rep. 439 E for ‘to cover one’s face,’ so as to avoid seeing a disagreeable object. This use of p.f| =num, ‘whether,’ in an indirect question with the in¬ dicative, where the answer expected is negative, is common in late Greek. G. ,1/7'.- § 369 note 1. Cp. Cat. ma. c. 24, 1 ppatTywe tov tt arepa prj ti pepopevos . ■ • pyirpviav eirayercu, Demetr. c. 9, 5 ij put r a p fj tls et Arpte' ti Ttov eweivov. So after wvvOdveerOax and its compounds Sol. c. 6 , 2, Arist. c. 7, 6 etc., after entpiaOaj. Alex. c. 27, 3 and ewLcrKowe'Lv ib. c. 22, 5, after ypd(J>etv ib. c. 41, 2 ypdfjov nuts ex ei s KaL P r / rives ere rtuv avyKvrrjyeroveTujv fyKareJuiroy, after airoweipacrOai Cleom. C. 37 awcweipaTO prj ns 3iaAav0di'et 49etpe ko. 1 ev rfj iriXet. 27. to-us oirwtrovv ei8bp.evos. For xopij'/eA, cp. C. 14, 2. § 2 1. 15. fXap«v, ‘he borrowed.’ 16. diraiToivTos sc. from Pericles. 17. Kal 8£kt)v avTw irpotreXaxe, ‘ (so far from paying him) he even brought an action against him to boot ’ for encouraging his son in extravagance. Cp. Dem. or. c. Zenoth. § 9 owe eXrjXvde pbvov aWa Kal too oItov too yp-eTlpov ap.()>i06LS, 1 bowed down. ’ 45. eirujie'pwv o-Teavov, ‘ as he was placing the wreath on the dead body.’ 46. t)ttt|0t] tov iraGovs irpos ktX., ‘he was overcome by his XXXVII 1 NOTES 201 emotion at the sight ’ of the lifeless body : Plutarch lias a decided predilection for this use of tt pis : cp. c. 33, 4 ; c. 35, 1. 47. K\ao0(ibv pqgai, ‘ burst into wailing.’ Cp. Soph. Track. 919 SaKpvuv p-rj^aaa. dep t ua vapara, Virg. Aen. IV 553 tantos ilia suo rumpebat pectore questus, XI 377 dat gemitum rumpitque has imo pcctorc voces. CHAPTER XXXVII § 1 1. 1. T(ov dXXwv is to be taken with pqTopwv (‘politicians,’ c. 7, 5), as well as crTpa-npywv. 2. els tov irdXcpov with tt e i pw pi i>ps. 3. Papos, ‘preponderance,’ 1 influence ’ (unclassical). lo-oppoirov, 1 of equal weight (as qyepuv) with ’ (the yycpovla), hence ‘adequate.’ 4. (\lyyvov wpos, lit. ‘giving security for,’ hence ‘suffi¬ ciently strong for,’ ‘competent for.’ Cp. Acm. Paul. c. 8, 6 apa rrj ficLtfiXciq. Oicol^aro Tpv irpos Puipaio vs l yd par ovk lev e y f y y u o s IveyKelv S ta piKpirpra Kal pox^yplav ijOovs. f)y€povCav : c. 15, 1. 6. KaXowrqs, ‘calling him,’ as expressing the universal wish, not as inviting him officially. Cp. Aesch. de f. 1. § 84 (Howvtojv i’pCiv Kal tovs TrpolSpovs IttI tS /3? -jpa KaXoiiv twv. to plv 6vti lavrov Trpoav6s, 6 yap iraTpp avrov paxopevo s eV Kopuvdq. 202 LIFE OF PERICLES XXXVII 1 tois woXepiois dwkdaver, ewerpowebOr) S' uwo IlepucA^ous. The double relationship between them will he seen at a glance hy referring to the family pedigree, c. 3, 1. Diodorus (xii 38) and Valerius Maximus (in 1) speak of Alcibiades as the nephew (d.8e\(f>i8ovs) of Pericles. 9. irpoeXQetv, ‘to go out,’ ‘appear in public.’ Cp. c. 27, 4, Nic. c. 13, 5, Cat. mi. c. 59, 1, Brut. c. 15, 1, Dem. c. 7, 3 vwbp tov ppSb f3ovKopivip wavy wpoe\6 eZV ev5c‘yetrdai Si aiaxSvpv. § 2 1. 10. t^v dyvco|j.o(njvt]v : see note to c. 2, 4. 11. xnro8ei;djj.€vos, ‘ undertaking,’ a post-classical meaning of the verb. 12. to. upd.yp.aTa, ‘state affairs,’ c. 33, 6 ; c. 39, 5. (TTpaTrjyos oupeOeCs sc. avTOKparuip as before, hut by an extra¬ ordinary additional election, as the representative of the entire civic community, perhaps because three strategi had fallen in Chalcidice. Cp. Thuc. II 65, 4 arparr)ybv e'iAovro sal wavra ret wpa.yp.ara ewbrpe\pav. Diodorus (XII 45, 5) says pvayKa^ovro wa\iv rbv IlepucXta arparriybv alpeiadai, when they found that the Spartans were not desirous KaraXvaaadai rov wbXepov. As to the method of election of the strategi, see Aristot. ’A 6. uoA. c. 43 xeipororou(7t Sb sal ra s upos rbv wbXepov (apyas) awacras. 13. \u0fjvai, ‘should be broken,’ i.e. an exception should be made to it in this one instance. Cp. Arist. c. 8, 1 \vtravrts rbv vbpov i\jjTiparpia? Kal ra ypa/rpareia ra Anfiapyi/ca tuiv ovfiev kv rjj 7roAet npoo-qKovTuiv.) The rights and material advantages attached in the time of Pericles to Athenian citizenship naturally made the possession of it more coveted on the one hand and caused greater ex¬ clusiveness on the other. The recent development of the city was the cause of a great increase of intercourse with foreigners, while it gave employ to the citizens in the confederate cities: hence the number of mixed marriages increased in an unusual degree, and the Athenian citizenship was combined with foreign elements in one or other of many ways. In the time of war especially, as later during the Peloponnesian war, irregular admissions into the phratriae and demi became frequent. In spite of the bill of Pericles, many persons succeeded in the next generation in obtaining the rights of citizens illegally. 66 15. epr)|j.Ca 8ia8o)(f|S, ‘ from default of succession.’ Cp. Agis c. 11, 4 ins SiaSoxvs bpr/pov avbXoiro rb fiaatkeiov, Athenae. XXXVII 4 NOTES 203 593 A AppriTpios 6 Tip SiaSoxv s reXevTaios, and [Dem.] Macart. § 73 implXeiav eiroiriodpriv too oikov too A yviov ottios fir) e^epijpoj- dr/aeTai. tov oIkov «K\iiroi, ‘should fail the house.’ Cp. Plat. Legg. 657 D to nap’ ppuv rip.ds i kXi in a vuv, Lys. p. 113, 39 (KXeXoiTraoLv upas ai irpoipdatis. 16. In the view of some historians the stat ute was only a revival of one of Solon's which had fallen into disuse in course of time, as is shown by the cases of Cleisthenes, Themistocles, Cimon and Hippocrates the grand¬ father of Pericles ; all of whom were p^Tpofevoi and yet in full possession of civic rights. It was also revived at a later period under Eucleides, Athenae. xm 577 b ; cp. Dem. Eubul. § 30 toZs \p6vois o vtio cuVerai yeyovios wore, ei Kai Kara Oartpa daros rjv, elvai 7toAit 7|[/ Trpocrr/Kete avTOr, yeyove yap npb EuxAetfiou. § 3 1. 17. &K|Aa£vavTf|pa(Ti irepiemirTov, ‘ incurred vexatious informations,’ and were declared vbdoi. Cam. c. 2, 2 nXriyrj irepnreauiv, Lys. p. 108, 21 -irepiwiTTTeiv auKoipdvTais, Herod, i 96 irepi- ttlittovtcs aSiKoun yviappoi, Aesch. or. c. Tim. § 165 XoiSopiais trepnriwTuv, Dem. or. Phil. II 34 rfj upuiv opyfj wepiireaeiv, Ep. II 15 T 77 Trpbs diravTas tovs Iv rais airiais dpyrj TrepnrlirTUKa ddiKu s. § 4 1. 29. eirpd0T]o-av . . . aXdvTts, ‘ were convicted and sold for slaves.’ The severity of the punishment and the 204 LIFE OF PERICLES XXXVII 4 number of the victims lias induced editors to substitute some other verb such as etpaurjcrav ( Koraes ), ttpupad-qaav ( Orelli ), aTrr)\a6r](ra.v ( Clinton , Cobet who remarks that the Athenians would have said direip-rfiplaOTpaav), direiemv eh r6 5i KaaTppiov elvai irpoai ov /cal Kara puepor vnoppoovros (to? norapov) . . . inrepenropevos eAavOare, Poirip. C. 74, 2 Set-apcrov rat? ay/caAaK avTrp' v n e pe Lit ov a ar, Anton. C. 82, 2 a7reiAa? rim? /cal (fyofiovq ol? e/ceuoj KaOairep pr)x^i'ijpaaiv vrrripe Lire to, Brut. c. 7, 4 eKTepvovra rqu aA/crji' /cal tov Ovpov virepet- irovTa. (Caesarem Bruti). § 2 1. 7. 0€opa hut in his lost treatise on Moral Philosophy resembling the ’HBosa. of Aristotle. -yoiv, ‘ what is certain, is that ’: see note to c. 4, 2. 8. 8iairopr|v ovbels tQ>v avyyevdv yerauxelv 7)t;lus cr68pa ko.k«s ^X wv ’ * as mllc h as to say, he must have been very ill indeed,’ c. 5, 4. oiroTe, quonia/m. 14. tiTroptvoi, ‘ put up with.’ § 3 1. 15. irpos tu> TeXevTav ovtos, ‘when he was at the point of death.’ Cp. Aesch. or. XI 5 irpbs rfj dvayKr) Tavrr} ylyveaOai. 68 16. ol PeXticttoi, optimates. ot irepiovTes, ‘the sur¬ vivors,’ c. 36, 4. 17. Xo-yov, ‘reckoning.’ 18. oo-t] -y€voiTO : for the agreement with only one of the two subjects, cp. c. 7, 1. dveperpoOvro, rcmetiebantur, ‘were summoning up remembrance of,’ ‘estimating.’ Cp. Eur. Or. 14 ti Tappyr’ av ap-er pya aa 6 al ye Se? ; § 4 1. 22. Ka0r|pr)p€vou tt)v cuV0t]o-iv, ‘having lost his con¬ sciousness.’ 24. els pecrov, ‘ aloud,’ ‘ in the hearing of all.’ 25. TavTa . . . auTov, ‘ these acts of his.’ 26. -n-pos Tuxpv Koiva, ‘ shared by him with fortune,’ de¬ pending upon fortune as much as himself. There is a similar construction in Xen. Hell. Vil i 40. 29. rail ovxtov A0T]vaiW, ‘ of all the Athenians there are. ’ Cp. Dem. de Pace § 5 iradelv ola to>v Svtojv avdp&irwv ovSbves TribiroTe ireirbvdamv, Chers. § 58 dvoyTbraTOS irdvriov Hv e'iy tCiv 6vtuiv dvdpdnroiv. 8i tpi pe'Xav lp.ci.Tiov wtpupdXtTO, ‘ever put on mourning because of me.’ The Greeks, like the Romans, put on mourning not only for losses by death, but also in token of sorrow of any kind. For the sentiment, cp. Dem. Lept. § 82 woWaKis vywv arparyyyaavTOS ~Ka/3plov obSevbs mlnrod’ vios opf/avbs Si’ iKelvov 4ybvero. XXXIX 2 NOTES 207 CHAPTER XXXIX § 1 1. 1. tt|s em«iK«la$ : the causal genitive after the verbal adjective implying emotion. HA. Gr. § 774, G. Gr. § 173, 1. 2. ijv refers to one only of the two antecedents. Cp. c. 20, 3. 4. 4>povf|(iaTos, ‘lofty sentiment,’ c. 4, 4 ; c. 36, 4. 5. el, siquidem. x«v avxov KaXuv, ‘of all his honour¬ able achievements.’ 6. pf|Te is generally followed by the indefinite th : Stegmann p. 24. For the succession /x^re — p-r\Te —/ATjSe, cp. Luc. C. 30, 1 ovreyap rifxrjs 6 A. oure Tijuajpta? Kvp to? vTrrjp^ev, ov8’ eta IIo/uTnpos ktA. = ovSepuas o vrt- Tip.r}s oure Tip.iopias Kvpios virrip\ev ovSe ktA., Cot. C. 11, 4 iOi^ovreq /xrjre TV(f)\6Tr}Ta p.rj t’ aAArjp ni'a 8r|, (otherwise) ‘childish,’ ‘unmeaning.’ a-oj3apav, ‘arrogant.’ irpocrowpiav, c. 8, 2. 10. £v xoixo : instead of simply continuing : ‘ that it (sc. y wpoauw/xla) was given to so benevolent a character and a life so pure and unblemished,’ the writer spoils his sentence by changing the construction to an appositive clause (t6 ) 'OMfiiriov • irpoaayopeueaOai , in order to give point to his description of Olympus as the seat of the gods. The order is : Iv tovto, rjSos o vtcos evp.evh Kal fitov iv i^ovcria Ka.9a.pbv Kal apdavrov irpoaayopev- eadai ’O\vp.iriov, SoKet p.oi Troielv ttjv . . . Trpoaa>vvpt.lav aveirlvKds, ‘because tliey are naturally incapable of causing evil.’ This sentiment is after Plato ; see Rep. 379 C oi) 3 ’ &pa 6 decs, eirei.Sri ayadds, wavroiv cLv ei'r/ amos, tbs oi iroWol Xiyovmv, dXX’ dXiyaiv pbv rots avdpuiiro^ aiVios, iroXXdv 81 avalnos. Cp. the Stoic Clirysippus ( Mor . 1049 e) ra v aioxp&v rb Belov ira.palTi.ov ylveadai ovk 611 X 07611 Itrriv. 15. tcov ovtcov, ‘ the universe. ’ oux. cScnrep ot TroL-qral . . . aXCa-KovTCu kt\., 1 not like the poets, who confuse us with mere ignorant fancies ; and are themselves convicted by their own compositions of inconsistency in calling the place . . . and yet at the same time representing the gods themselves as . . § 3 1. 19. acrcjiaXis 28os : after Homer Od. VI 42 ff. :— OvXvpirbvb’, 061 epaal dewv eSos aaipaXis cu’ei Ippevai ' out’ avIp.01.iTi nvaaaerai. oilre 7 ror’ 8pfipcp Severa 1 oilre x‘cbi' eirnrLXvarai. dXXa paX' aWpri irlirraraL avlcpeXos, XevKi) S’ emSISpopev 017X17. 20. ou ve'(j>€tri ^piipevov, ‘ free from clouds. ’ Cp. Sertor. c. 8 , 2 Spppois xpu/aevai. perplois awavtws, ra 81 wXeiara irveiipam paXaKoh Kal SpoaofibXois (of the Islands of the Blest). For the double ov instead of oilre — oilre, cp. Cic. c. 41, 2 and see note to c. 12, 3. 22. opaXcos with rbv diravra : cp. C. 6 , 3. cos, ‘with the (proper) feeling that.’ 23. Sta-ycoyfjs, ‘ mode of existence.’ 24. Tapaxfjs is a synonym of bpyrjs. Cp. Cor. c. 15, 4 airriei rapaxys peorbs Civ Kal iriKpias irpbs rbv Srjpov. 25. (J. 6 CTT 01 JS sc. bvras. G. MT. 2 § 911. 26. dirocjjouvovTes, ‘representing.’ ov 8 e, ne — quidem. § 4 1. 27. dXXd ravTa pev ktX., c. 6, 3. 30. eveipya^exo, c. 6 , 1. 31. ov Papwopcvoi, ‘ those who were dissatisfied with.’ O 11 this use of fiapvveadai with an objective acc. generally of the thing, see my note to Nic. c. 21 , 3 and cp. fiapvrtpas c. 16, 1. £9 p.eu ofii' TTepu- XXXIX 5 NOTES 209 npuiTov yap rore Trpo(xvt| tot€ . . . ■ye'op.evTp ‘showed itself then to 70 have been,’ c. 24, 5. ?pvp.a, c. 19, 1. Trjs iroXi- T£(as, ‘ the constitution.’ 39. 4>0opa, ‘moral corruption,’pernicious influence through the unfettered Kaiwkc«'s) 24 7 Phocians, the, and Delphi 21 2 Phocis, deputies sent to the cities of 17 2 Phoenicians 28 4 ; their fleet 26 1 Phthiotian Achaeans 17 3 physical science and oratory 8 1 Pisa (Olympia), statue of Zeus at, by Phidias 2 1 Pisistratidae 3 1 ; the new, name given to Pericles’ friends 16 1 Pisistratus, the despot, re¬ semblance between him and Pericles 7 1 Pissuthnes, a Persian, offers Pericles a bribe to spare Samos and being refused removes the Samian hostages from Lemnos 25 2 plague, outbreak of the 34 2 Plato, the comic poet, his play 2o0«rrod 4 2 Plato, the philosopher, his dialogue Menexenus 24 4 Pleistoanax, the youthful king of Sparta, at the head of a Peloponnesian army, bribed by Pericles to recross the frontier of Attica 22 1 2 ; fined therefor, went into voluntary exile 22 3 poets, their inconsistent fancies about the abode of the gods 29 2 3 Polyalces, one of the second embassy from Sparta to Athens 30 1 Polycleitus, sculptor of the statue of Hera at Argos 2 1 Polycrates, despot of Samos 26 4 Pontus 20 1 portraits of Tei'icles and Phidias introduced in the Amazonomachia on the shield of Pallas 31 4 Potidaea, a subject city-state of Athens, and a colony of Corinth, revolt and siege of 29 4 Priene, war between Samos and Miletus for 25 1 Propylaea, the, took five years to build 13 7 ; Mnesicles architect of ibid. Protagoras 36 3 psephisms, the only extant compositions of Pericles 8 5 public men, their daily life, interest of 7 5 Pyrilampes, eraipos of Pericles, scandal about 13 10 [He was wounded and taken prisoner at Deliurn ; he probably took part in the mission of Callias to Susa, whence he introduced peacocks, hitherto unknown in Greece. His son Demos was famed for his personal beauty, and for his pea¬ cocks ; Eupolis ft. 36 Kock, Arist. Vcsp. 981, Plat. Gorg. 481 D, 513 B. Pyri¬ lampes by his second wife Perictione, widow of Aris- ton, was the father of Plato’s half-brother Ariston ; Plato Parmen. 126 E, Pint, da frat. am. c. 12 ] Pythocleides, said by Aristotle to have been the instructor of Pericles in music 4 1 Q 226 LIFE OF PERICLES Q Quoits, use of, for bells 6 4 R Rhodes 17 2 riches, worthy employment of 16 6 Rome 1 i S Sacred war, the 21 1 Salaminian galley, the 7 5 salary of the dicasts 9 3 Samians, hostages of the, sent by Pericles to Lemnos 25 1 ; victory over, by Pericles 25 3 ; during the temporary absence of Pericles, they win a victory, which gives them the command of the sea 26 2 ; treatment of Athenian prisoners by the 26 3 ; cruelty said by Duris to have been practised on, by the Athe¬ nians 28 2 ; the most power¬ ful of the Ionians 28 5 Samos, alleged cause of the war with 24 1 , 27 3 ; sup¬ posed to have been brought about by Aspasia’s partiality for her compatriots of Mi¬ letus 25 1 ; a democracy established by Pericles at 25 2 ; revolt of 25 3 ; siege of, by Pericles 26 1 ; blockade of, by Pericies 27 1 ; sur¬ render of 28 1 [Shield, the Strangford 31 4 w] Sicily, ambitious projects at Athens for invasion of, dis¬ couraged by Pericles 20 3 Sicyonians, defeat of the, by Pericles 19 3 5 jma( 6 a 30 4 Simmias, prosecutor of Pericles according to some 35 4 Sinope 20 1 ; deposition of Timesilaus the tyrant of, and occupation of the city by Athenian colonists 20 2 Socrates, his frequent visits to Aspasia 24 3 ; his pupils and the wives of his friends attend her lectures ib. Sophistae, a play of Plato’s 4 2 Sophocles, a a-Tparr/ybi in the Samian war, the saying of Pericles about him 8 5 Sparta 23 1 Stesimbrotus quotes a soph¬ istical enthymem from the Samian epitapliios of Pericles 8 6 ; memoir-like contem¬ porary history of, unsatis¬ factory 13 11 ; his scurrilous story about Pericles and his son’s wife ibid. sun-dials 6 4 superstition, natural philo¬ sophy the enemy of 6 1 Sybaris re-founded 11 5 T Tanagra (Boeotia), invasion of its territory by a Lacedae¬ monian army 10 1 ; Aris- todicus of Tanagra, the murderer of Ephialtes 10 7 Telecleides [a poet of the ancient comedy, an opponent of Pericles and at a later period a friend of Nicias ; there are fragments of five of his comedies extant] 3 4 , 16 2 Teles 33 7 Thargelia, an Ionian beauty of Miletus 24 2 INDEX II MAT TEES 227 Themistocles, exile of 7 2 Thessalians 17 3 Thessalus, son of Cimon 29 3 [Ale. c. 19, 2 ; c. 22, 3] Thirty Years’ truce, the 24 1 Thrace, Athenian settlement in lls; deputies sent from Athens to 17 2 Thracians, bordering on the Chersonese 19 1 Thriasian gate, the 30 3 Thucydides, of the dome Alo- peke, son of Melesias, the statesman 6 2 3 ; a jocular saj'ing of his about the oratory of Pericles 8 4 ; appointed to succeed Cimon as political opponent of Pericles 11 1 ; how he or¬ ganises and gives cohesion to his party 11 2 ; the rivalry of the two statesmen makes the cleavage deeper between the Demos and the Few and the conflict more bitter 11 3 ; a representative character 16 2 ; ostracism of 6 3 , 14 2 , 16 3 Thurii, colonisation of 11 5 time, the wisest counsellor 18 2 Timesilaus 20 1 Timon of Phleius, his lines on Zeno 4 3 Tisander, son of Epilycus, father-in-law of Xanthippus 36 2 Tolmides, son of Tolmaeus, a representative man 16 2 , 18 2 , 193 ; his death on the battle-field of Coronea 18 3 toreutic art, the 12 6 Tragiae (Tragia) an island off Samos 25 2 trial by dicasts, solemn method of special 32 2 Troy a fUapfiapos 7 roXis 28 5 Tyrrhenia 20 3 W Wall, the Long, at Athens, built by Callicrates 13 5 white day, origin of the name 27 2 wolf, inscriptions on the brazen, at Delphi 21 2 work and workman 2 2 X Xanthippus, father of Pericles, the victor of Mycale 3 1 Xanthippus, elder of the two legitimate sons of Pericles (named after his grand¬ father) 24 5 ; his extravagant wife 36 1 ; his ungrateful conduct to his father 36 2 3 ; falls a victim to the plague 36 4 Xenocles, of Cholargus, the architect who added the roof with a circular aperture (oTralov) to the 'AvaKropov at Eleusis 13 5 Xupete, a deme in the phyle Cecropis, birth - place of Metagenes 13 4 Z Zenon, the Eleatic philosopher, one of the instructors of Pericles 4 3 , 5 4 Zeus, statue of Olympian 2 1 Zeuxis the painter and Agath- arclius 13 2 INDEX III GRAMMAR abstract nouns, plural of, used distributively 2 4 , 5 3 , 13 12 , 15 1 accusative of kindred forma¬ tion 9 4 , 11 3 , 12 2 , 16 7 , 25 1 , 34 4 , 38 1 ; of kindred meaning 10 2 5 , repre¬ sented by neuter adjective 1 5 ; of contents 5 4 ; of point of view with verbs 11 2 , 15 2 , with adj. 3 2 , 7 1 , 24 1 2 4 7 , 26 3 , 34 3 ; after perfect pass, particle 32 4 , 38 4 ; proleptic 31 1 ; double 34 2 ; after a verb of taking away 28 6 ; objective and cognate 9 4 , 26 3 ; adverbial 7 2 5 , 13 8 , 15 2 3 , 20 2 , 27 4 adjective, assimilation of its gender to that of the de¬ pendent partitive gen. 19 3 , 27 3 ; neuter, in collective sense 15 4 ; predicate 6 2 , 8 5 , 12 4 , 13 8 , 14 1 , 16 5 , 28 2 adverbs of intensity emphasised by sal, as 7 raw 25 3 , p.a\a 15 3 aorist, where we use pluperfect 15 5 , 17 1 , 21 2 ; gnomic 2 1 apposition, instances of 4 2 I article, neuter, with participle or adjective for substantive 13 4 , 15 4 ; anticipatory or assumptive 24 1 ; with roioO- ros to designate a definite class 1 5 , 7 4 ; used for possessive pronoun 4 1 , 6 2 , 8 5 , 10 1 , 11 1 , 12 7 ; omitted in enumeration 15 i ; with designations of place as a 7 r’ ayopds 24 6 , ev ayopa. 31 2 , icar ayopdv 5 2 , e 7 r’ dyopav 7 4 , e£ aypov 6 2 , ev & 29 5 ; Ipiroiei 1 4 ; lfj.veT rcDy koXoiv Kal a. avSpuv 7 3 , 8 4 ; rows KaXovs Kayadovs KaXovpevovs avSpa s 11 2 . — 2 . Of Things: of the feeling awakened by what is good, ‘joyful,’ per’ eXirlSuv a. 6 1 .— Neut. ‘a blessing,’ ‘benefit’: rb oUelov a. 1 3 ; tuiv 4k rrjs tijxV s “■ 23 ; a'inov dyaddiv 39 2 ; to is a. a irapexovaiv 8 6 dyaXpa, ‘ the statue ’ of any god or deified hero: to XaXKovv &. 13 8 ; 4pyoXdf)os too a. 31 2 ; tw a. 31 3 ; ■jrepiawTOpbvqv ayaXpara 12 2 ayairav, ‘ to like, ’ ‘ to be fond of a thing’: ras irpa^eis aya- Truipev 2 3 . PASS. Tiyawridr), placuit 19 1 . — ‘to pet,’ ‘ fondle’: kvvQv t4kvo ... tPya- TTuvTas 1 1 .— pass , amari, ‘ to be beloved ’: mb tuv KaX&v KayaOCbv avSpQv ayairu- pevov 7 3 ; TTjii dyawwpdvpv m' avTOv paXiffTa 24 7 dydirpais 1 : epuiTiKr) ns a. 24 5 dyyelov cerebri 6 2 dyetv : ras yvvalKas pyov us avTTjv 24 3 ; o ti nep tcon KATtoPeN Hrxrec 3 4 ; rd byKXppara els SiaXvaeis dyov- tos 29 5 > fiovXbpevov pye t'ov dijpov 15 3 . — ‘to keep,’ ‘ob¬ serve ’ F r. mener: rrjv eipy}vr]v HyoXTl 17 I.-PASS. pOX. HTLKTIi dyuiva dyeadai 13 6 d-yevvijs : 4^ a. Kal Tawexvov 24 _ 4 a-yppus : xpvxvv dyripio 13 3 a-yvoeiv : rois dyvoobm ras ablas 6 I d-yvoipoavv-q : tt\v a. 37 2 ; ayvco- pocrvvas = dyvwpivws facta 2 4 dyopa : a 7 r' a. 24 6 ; 4t; d. 16 4 ; 4v d. 31 2 ; 4ir' dyopdv 7 4 ; els tt)v MiXr jahov a. 28 2 ; kot’ dyopdv 5 2 ; Trdorjs a. 29 4 ayopalos, forensis 11 2 &yos, r6 = oi 4vaye?s 33 I aypiovadai : 'qypL&Orprav irpbs rbv Ilf piKX4a 34 3 aypos, rus : 4i- ay poo 6 2 dyoiybi, adducens : npoOoplav ayoiybv els plppaiv 1 4 dytov, certamen: povaiKrjs ayuva 13 6 ; roils pooaiKObs a. 13 232 LIFE OF VEHICLES 7 ; els a. irepi too oarpaKOV KaraoTas 14 2 dywvifeodai : dywvi^optvwv to. Toiavra 1 5 > robs aywvijio- ptvovs 13 6 ; aywvlaaadai pdxvv 10 2 dywvo-6(TT)s : robs a. 36 3 A-Seia, Securitas: Tpv A. 20 1 . — vialeficiorum impunitas 312 ij.8eiv 13 6 ; r/Sov tfcrpaTa 33 6 d-Se\ri: rijs Ii.lp.wvos a. 10 4 ; ttjv a. 36 4 d-8eX itipav 7 roXirttas 16 2 ; jUias aKp-p 7 roXiret'as 13 I.— vigor : aspy TTp 6< reo 28 5 aXI/Stia : KpaTtiv ttjp Siqyqaiv tiri Ttjs a. 28 3 ; ttjp a. 13 12 dXqBtbtiv 28 2 aXqdqs : Tb a. dSqXov 32 3 ; TaXqO^s 13 12 dXqdivbs 1 : ttjs a. aptTr/s 7 5 aXiaKtoSai, ccipi : aXuaoptvqv (irbXiv) 35 3 .— owTapaTTov- Tts aXlcKOVTai 39 2 ; aXods, ccmxictvs 22 3 ; aXbvTts 37 4 dXA’ 0688 28 2 ; 36 4 aXX t}Awp 34 4 ; aAAh'Aoici MireNTe 3 3 ; SitXtyovTo wpbs aWqXovs 38 4 dXXos : ttjs d. Svvdptws 18 2 ; top a. xfibvov 13 7 1 d. ti d£iop 35 3 ; d. iroXXot 9 1 ; d. iroXXois 21 I ; 7 roXAa d. 25 2 ; ra dXXa 3 2 ; T&XXa 20 2 , 33 2 ; tup d. 5 3 , 27 2 ; tup d. pqTbpwv 37 I ; d. ttoXXols 21 I ; 7 rao'i rois d. 4 4 ; rols d. avdputrOLS 12 I ; d. piaBo- tpopais 9 3 ; rods d. 19 3 aXonpyris (aXovpybs), purpureus: tup a. 1 4 dpa, Adv. 1 3 , 2 2 ; d. Kara- irpaTTbptvos 5 2 , 11 4 , 12 4 . —Prep. d. Toil Otiois 6 4 ; d. tt; vIkyj sal r?j 8iu£ti 26 I ; d. irXqyri 36 I a-paBqs : apaBeardrais So^an poetarum 39 2 apa^o-irqybi : 0 ! d. 12 7 apaprdvtiv , errare: ovx dpap- T-qatrai 18 2 ; apaprtiv 26 2 dpavpovv, obscurarc: 5vvap.iv dpavpovoav avTob s 39 4.— PASS, ripavpoipivovs to a^ioipa II 2 234 LIFE OF PERICLES dpfi\bvew, hebetare: rpv Svva- piv (adrou) app\vvovra 11 I d-p.e'Kei.cdiu : ape\ovpevo s (7r\o0- ros) 16 3 ; dpe\odpevov(dvSpa) 16 7 d-pepirros, ‘ free from defect ’ : rpv iSdav tou trwparos (L. 3 2 a-piavros in an ethical sense : /Slot' a. 39 2 dpiWa rSiv avSpuiv 11 3 dpiWdadai : dpdWwpdvoiv virep- fddWeodairpv Srjpuovpylav 13 I d-fj.ip.TjTos : tpyeiv popcpf/ d. 13 I d-poipos, exsors: &x^ ov dp.oi.pov X-pppdruv 12 5 d-povY 4 3 dp. 6 repos : 81 d. rCiv x^-p^v 31 4 ; 1 car’ dpcporepovs (sc. yoveis) 3 1 ap-us ye 7 ro)s, utcumque, ali- quo modo )( ouSapuis 26 1 dv i.q. eav 1 5 , 12 3 , 33 2 ; dv re—dv re 1 2 dv : ylvoir’ dv 16 6 ; dv eh 1 Koupos 24 I ; in unreal sup¬ positions with indie, imperf. 1 5, 34 2 ; dv ijv 24 6 ; hyperbaton of, with Sokclv, ovk dv SoKei avpireaeiv 29 5 '• omitted with conditional imperfect 24 7 ; cos dv w. opt. 29 2 ; in relative clauses : ds dv eirij3rj 30 3 dvd in temporal distributive sense .- a. irdv ^ros 30 3 . Cp. dvd eKdar-nv rtplpuv Polyb. I 42, 10 etc. dra -fiaiveiv ex inferis : r u>v dva- ^e^ 7 ]K 0 Tuv qiSov Sr/payuywv 3 4 .—in navom : dva(3e/3ii- k 6 tos eni rpv eavrov Tpi-ppp 35 1 . —ad magistrates lionores : dvlfiouvov els^Apeiov irayov 9 3. —dvafiaivovruv 2 tuv Zpyav, dum surgit opus aedificii 13 1 ava-pipdteadcu milites in naves: iir 7 rtes dva^i^acapevoi 35 I dv-ayydWecdcu : dvrjyye\ 9 'p re- Bveuis 18 3 dv-dyeadai, solvere navem 35 1 : dva x@eis 19 2 dvayKd^erBai: -pvayKaapevuv StaLTciadcu 34 4 dvayKalos : 1. de re : ovk dvay- Kaiov (sc. iari) 2 2; ra avay- Kcua 16 46 ; rwv a. irpbs rbv 7 roXepov 26 2 ; rods a. 12 4. —2. de liomine: ru>v dvay- kcllwv, necessariorum 36 4 avayKctltos 12 2 dvdyK-p (sc. ioriv) 1 I ; 01) Tbxyv ov 8 ’ a. 4 4 [ dva-ypdvovTO 8itcai 37 3 dva-ypvxv 3 , refrigerium, ‘re¬ lief,’ ‘ respite ’ 34 4 dv-^ynXiTos 1 , ‘not changing for the worse ’: d. noXiTda 15 2 . Cp. Suit. c. 1, 3 ; Ag. c. 3, 5 with Schumann's note ad l. dv-dpyav, coercere 21 1 ; tovs papfidpovs dvdpyovT(s 12 3 dv-(X(d6(pos : robs fiacpds rire- Xei iffbpovs i]yovp.(0a 1 4 avepos : dvopov kotiovtos 33 5 dv-eid-Xr)TTTos, ‘not open to cen¬ sure ’ : owe dv(mXi}iTT(p 10 6 dv-erri-' &pav 7 ro\tre£as 16 2. Cp. Mor. 804 E iroWol trplv dv- 6r)ikoTipoupevoi tCov 'epyiov 14 2 avio : tovs d. kiov as 13 4 dviodev, desuper : tCjv d. 27 4 dlfios : to. ppbepids d. cnrovSrjs 1 2 ; d. ffirovSrjs elvai rbv eipyaffgevov 2 2 ; dkko ti rrjs rrapaffKevrjs d. 35 3 ; raOr’ difia ffrecpdviov 28 4 aljiouv, dignum censere: geyd- INDEX IV GREEK 237 Xcor avrdv d. npayparuv 17 I.— statuere : 5 4 , 39 2 dflco/ca, dignitas: rd a. tov ij9ovs 4 4 ; ripavpojp.ivovs to a. 11 2 ; Sid tS a. Kai rgv Suvapuv 32 3 ; ovSels fiapos eyirv ovS' d. ex&YYVOv 37 I d£«ov an' 238 LIFE OF PERICLES dpeTrjs dyaBCip 2 3 ; ipBopds aw' dXXrjXwp 34 4 ; waprjyopla d(/>’ &v iira &v dpeXdpf3apc rods wbprjras 9 2 ; d. rooadTTjs laxdos 35 1 ; a. rrjXiKabTTjs Svpdpe cos 39 I ; a. rdov SppoaUiip uipeXeiaBai 12 5 dwo-/3dXXew, amittere, privari: awbfiaXe 36 4 ; awo/iaXeip 36 4 ; dwofSaXbpri 36 I dwo-ywihjKewBai 2 , deplorari , dcsperari: vwb tup larpoiv aweypwapbpos 13 8 dwo-ypdcpeaBai, nomen inscri- bendum curare: dwo-ypd\pa- a&ai filium in rods tppdrepas 37 5 dwo-SeiKPVPai : dwoSeiljai rbp crTaBpbv 31 3 iiro - SbxeaBai, probarc : dwe- Sdfaro 23 I dwo-8i86rai, ‘ to restore ’ : t6 lepbp AeXipols awbSuKar 21 2 . — ‘ to repay with’: ttjp laxdv dwoSlSum 13 2 dwo-BprjWKeip : dwoTeBprjKei 7 2 ; dwbBapev ip Tip Xoipip 36 4 ; dirodavovTOS 13 4 .— airo- Bapelp as pass. of dtroKTelmiv : tup dwoBapbprup Kara t8v woXepop 28 3 , 30 3 ; rois bwip Trjs warplSos dwodapovm 8 6 dwo-Buew : ras ^Xaaiprjpias iba- wep oalpopi kuku Tip ipGovip dwoBvopras 13 7 aw-owos : wbXis &. YLopwBlup 29 4 dwo-KaXew : ttjp tyeppbrpTa 80^0- Koiriav dwoKaXovpras 5 4 airo-icapTepew J , inedia mortem sibi consciscere : dwoKapre- poupra 16 7 a 7 to-kXtipovp, sortc deligere: dweKXrjpov 27 2 dwo-KOv-ppgTos : to a., arcanum 23 i ; a. (TwOr/Kas 10 4 diwo-WKiaapos 1 J : yvoipbrwp dwo- crKiaapods 6 4 airo-crTaTcIv *, descrere, abessc : ovk airooTaTovoav (too t'pyov) 13 7 iwo-artWeip : dweareiXe 25 I 2 , 29 2 ; aworreiXai (dogdeiap 29 I. — PASS. aweaTciXgaap 17 2 airo-ira\\ev 16 3 apearis \ placens, gratus (of things) : rrjs ovpfiidxTews ovk ovags avrois apeorgs 24 5 aperg, ‘ moral worth ’: g a. 2 2 ; rgs ciXgdirgs a. 7 5 ; Tgv a. 5 4, 16 6 ; rots a.w’ a. Ipyois 1 4 ; Xbyor Swoiovpto rgs a. 38 2 ; el to. ijdg e^lararai rgs a. 38 2 ; dpapiypvpri rgp d. els dvOpoi- welas xP e ^ as I® 6 ; rgv a. Bx elv Tl aaTVputbr ptpos 5 4 . — ‘any special moral ex¬ cellence ’ : Kara rds aXXas S. bpoloir 2 4 dpidpbs : Si’ cipi&pov Kai perpov I 64 ; a. xp^ctdrcoi' top eXa^c- dXeia, ‘ safety ’ : 7 3 ; rrj s a. 31 5 ; xpbs acrcpdXeiav 33 5 .—-‘cautiousness’: Sid ryy d. 18 I. Cp. Fab. c. 19, 3 ryv <4>a/31ou pefiaibryTa Kai acrcpdXeiav, c. 25, 4 eoiKe 5’ avTiXtyeiv inrb iroXXys acrcpa- Xelas Kal wpovoias a- M rraptxoi 16 3 a-rtXeia : artXeiav 0 Sypos tSoiKe 31 5 a-Texvdis 15 3 d-rpepa : peiSiaaas d. 28 5 perpov paSiipovTos 16 4 jiadvs : PadvraTyv ropqv 11 3 / SaXXeiv : tov paXbvra 36 3 fiavavaos : tov [i. 6x^ ou 12 5 ; dveXev84povs Kal /3. 1 4 . Cp. Marc. c. 17, 4 f3apl3apiK&s : fi. yeerviacreai 19 2 (idppiapos : p. TrbXiv 28 5 ; oi /3. 17 I ; p. )( 'EAAtjj'OW 15 1 ; PappdpOLS 94 , 12 2 ; p. idveGL 20 I ; robs p. 9 4 , 12 2 3 , 17 I Paplois : p. (pepovres sine obiecto 22 3 pdpos, soliditas, firmitas: p. pb- vipov 13 2 .— gravitas: pdpos 4xo>v Itr&pporrov ad res geren- das 37 1 (unclassical) papvveadai, gravari: ol tpdivros papvvbpevoi tt)v Svvaptv 39 4 papvs, mole.sf.us: p. rrbXepov 10 R 242 LIFE OF PERICLES 2, 19 i.— intolcrabilis, ‘op¬ pressive’ : /lapirrdpas inrepoxys 16 l , piamXeveiv twv 6vtojv 39 2 jSncnXeus 1 5 ; the king of tlie Persians 3 i, 10 4 , 13 5 , 20 2 , 24 2 7 ; rod pi. tu>v AaKeScu- feovliov 29 5 , 84 ; p}amXdios AaKeSaipLOvliov 22 1 ; rod (3. tQv AiyvTTTiuv 37 3 ; ipiXlau piu. Cam. c. 36, 1 rods iravu piao ko.Iv ov- ras tQv itoXitiov nal irdvTO. fiovXog.evovs edroyip tivl p.a.X- Xoi> 7 ) Sl’ dperyv KaTiopBQirdtu, tot yvdyKatpov a l irpdpeii Tip SpaarypUp rod avSpbs dirodidovai Tyv Sb^av Bacta'zsin Adpy 33 7 (3acp>evs : /3a0els 12 6 ; rods /3. aveXevBbpov s yyo6p.e6a 1 4 f3a et ’ pi] ye 18 2 ; el Kai — ye 24 4 ; dXXa—ye 2 2 ; Kai — ye 24 6 ; apws yi irois 26 I ; irpiv ye 64 36 4 yeirvlaais 1 , vicinitas: Pappapi- Kals 7 . 19 2 7 e'Xws : per a ytXuiTos )( wicais r 6 7 . 24 7 ! ywi] Trpo yevoptvqs vavpaxlas 25 3 ; yevoptvqs pdxqs 26 2 ; yevo- pevoiv (nrovSuv 24 I ; ra 7 evbpeva 22 I ; el pqStv tpyov piya yivoiro 29 2 ; rqv iwiKX-qcnv yeviodai 82 ; ft yeyovev ijSq iroXXois arparq- 701 s 38 4 ; roils yeyevqptvovs bpKOvs 29 4 11 . With a Predicate, fieri, ‘ to come into a certain state,’ ‘to be so and so ’ (in past tenses): Oearqs yiyvbpevos 1 5 ; epiXos yevbpevos 31 2 , 10 6 ; yevtaBai wavriov erntpaveoTaTOS 10 2 ; yevbpevos Svvdpei noXXCiv 1 SacCXioiv inetprepos 15 5 ; cwrqpios yevoptvq 19 I, 39 4 ; elSos evwpewqs yevoptvq 21 2 , 24 5 ; dbuporarov yevo¬ ptvov 15 5 ; bpaXrjs yevoptvqs 15 I ; Svvapiv ipPpidij yevo- ptv-qv 11 2 ; bpyavov rrj s virqpecrias yivbpevov 12 7 ; iDpeXipoiTaTuv rats 7 rarpitri yevopivoiv 2 4 ; x i ^f°>'s yevo- pevovs 18 2 ; yevoptvovs Kvpl- 244 LIFE OF PERICLES ovs 35 4 ; peyiarov yeyov&ra 111; toi)s ev dnraddais rial yevoplvovs 27 2 ; 6 k iroSuv yevoplvov 39 4 yLvwcxKeiv, cognoscere: 7471 / 01 - aKorres u>s XPV 170VTal 33 1 ; 7 - 771 / apXV v Situs Saxe yvuvai 31 1 .— statuere: iooirep iyvt 6m 25 2 ; Syrusbras dvrCkap- (3dveadai rrj s 8aKd ttt]s 25 3 7 XaD£ : yXavsas 26 3 yXlaxpus, parce: y. x°P r ry°uv- tos in oecouomia 36 1 7 Aurra : rpu 7 . eilrpoxor 7 1 ; AeiNON Kep&YNON £N tAuicch cfiepeiN 8 3 yrgaios : re or 7 . vlur 36 I 4 ; yv-gaiovs )( bdvdovs 29 3 ; iratSas 7 . 37 3 71/46/477, prudentia, 31 1.— con¬ silium : 71/141417 tou llepi- kASov s 31 3.— voluntas, animi sententia: fiiaadfjvai irapd yvupgv 33 5 ; sententia (in senatu): dagyovplrov yvupgv 13 5 71/01/4011/ liorologii: yvupovur aTroaKiaapoi/s 6 4 yuupipoi, ol, discipuli pliiloso- phorum 24 3 71 /( 3(745 : rrj 7 . tup irpayparur 13 12 your, exempli gratia 4 2, 5 2, 38 2 ypdppa, scriptum legis, plcbi- scitum: rod y. irdrou 37 3 ypavs : 7. ef 10 5 ; pPMC e’oycA 28 5 ypdfew, scribere: ypdfovai. 35 4 ; ypdxf/arros 23 I.—7 pdipei i//? 70 !(T/ 4 wAgBos SaKpdur 36 5 Satravdadai (PASS.) : 7ro\\a SeSairargadai 14 I ; Spot SeSairargadu 14 I Sairdrg : 8. Kai XpSru 27 1 ; 7 - 771 / Scpgpepor 5. 16 4 Sawavgpbs <3 v (piiaei 36 I 5 ai//i\ 77 s 6 de personis: 5. x°PV- y6s 16 4 57 : ab 86 in initio orationis 30 1 ; 86 Kai 7 4 , 13 8 , 20 3 5’ oSp resumptive 26 2 , 27 1 , 35 3 Segais : irdaar 8. 16 7 ; SaKpva sal 8egaeis 33 5 8d8u : Sdaavra rous fiapfidpovs 12 2 ; Sdaavras rgr ScpoSor 19 3; 5e5iois (h.aaBpvai 33 5 ; SeSnos vTTo\f/lp vepnreadr 7 2 INDEX IV GREEK 245 SeiKvbvai : SSei^e 15 4 , 21 1 ; Seii-eie 38 2 Setv, oportere 4 x ; Set 8 5 , 12 3 ; eSei 37 3 ; t6 Slav 23 1 ; tov SbovTos 2 4 AeiN, ligare )( aiN&AyeiN 16 2 Seivbs : peravoia 5. 10 2 ; Seivov itpaivero 33 4 ; rt 8. f) Seivov tivos trqpetov 35 2 ; A. Kep&y- NON 8 3 ; 6 vtos Seivov, cum res indigna esset 37 5 ; S. u/3 piv 12 2 ; 8. air tfir/pa 13 11 ; AeiNoyc Ao'royc 33 7- —-w. infin. : Seivai ai v eStovro Sieirpa^aro 20 I ; avdpuirivwv 8 . 37 5 5eiai-8aipovla : SeioiSaipovtas KadvwbpTepos 6 I ; rrjs (po- pepcis sal (pXeypaivovmjs 5a- mSaipovlas 6 I de/ca-eria 1 : SeKaerlav 10 I SbvSpov : 8 bv8pa 33 4 5e£t<5s: tt]v 8 . trXevpdv 21 2 Se£iovtrdai : tSe^iovvTO 28 4 oeor : v. s. Set 8 e &’ api.dp.ov Kal ptrpov (SaSlfovros 16 4 .—( b ) Instrumental and modal: Si' ’E Si’ avruiv (rtbv apx&v) avtfSaivov els ”A peiov irdyov 9 3 ; BeupelaSw Sia riSr irpayp&Twu 9 I ; eipijKe S. toStiov 4 3 ; Si’ ’tpywv euro- Xbeadai rbv XaKioviapbv 10 I. —B c. Acc. pers. ‘because of ’ : rbv 7 roXepov x/njcplaaoBai 0 . MiXpolous 25 I ; ovSels Si’ ip.6 ptXav Ipdriov irepie/SaXero 38 4 ; Si’ avrov toxev exdpous 6ovovpevos 31 2 .—rei: ai alrlai Si’ as 32 3 ; Si’ aireiplav 6 I ; evSoKipei 5. rpv derepd- Xeiav 18 I ; 5. rds evrvxlas 18 2 , 20 3 ; 5 . tt\v rjXiKlav 22 2 ; S. rpv %evlav 33 2 ; 5. rS d^loipa 32 3 ; S. rpv vbaov 35 3 ; KaK&s aKOvuv S. rds StKa Tpirjpeis 29 3 ; S. to irtvdos 37 1 ; S. £rjXoTvirlav 10 6 ; S. oxoXyv 11 5 ; 5. i\lav llepiKXtovs 13 9 ; 5. touto 27 4 ; S. tS /it; Xaxelv dpxuv 9 3 ; Sia to irpCbrov tv Ed pip ipavijvai 26 4 ; 5. tS TipaoOai 18 2 Sia-fialvew fretuni : Sitfiy 22 I ; Sia/3ds 23 2 Sia-fidXXeiv : toCto paXiara Sit- fiaXXov 12 I ; els rpv Mevltr- 7Tov yvvatKa Siaj3d\\ovres (avrbv) 13 10 Sia-fiodadai : Sie/ 3 o 7 )# 7 ) 19 2 Sia-fSoXp : dvTi viroxplas Kal 8. 33 1 ; 5ia/3oX?)s a epoppds 33 2 ; iirl Sia^oXrj 28 3 , 31 5 ; Tpv irepl Tys yvvaiKbs S. 36 3 ; irpoaieptvov rds 5. 32 2 Si-a 710777 sc. j3lov, ratio vitae, vitae cultus: ToiavTijs S. 39 3 Si-ayuvl^eodai : SiaywvUraaOai 26 I Sia-Soxv : epppla SiaSoxy s 37 2 ; 7 roXXais 5. 13 1 Sid-fapa 1 , corona: to S. 13 4 Sia-^iovvbvai, said of a line of fortifications reaching from one point to another: rbv avxbva SiafiScras 19 I Sid-dems, ‘ plan of a building ’ : tt) evrbs 5. 13 5 Si-aipeiv, clividendo faccre: OKTib ptpr) SieXdv rb irdv irXijOos 27 2 Slaira, vita, vivendi modus: to. ire pi tt]v S. 16 4 ; rots irepl Tijv Slairav 7 4! 5. oiKovpbv Kal dpyijv 34 4 Siairaadai Slairav oUovpbv 34 4 Sia-Keiadai : Sitseiro pox^vpiSs 13 8 ; kokus SiaKeiptvovs 28 2 ; x a ^ e7r “S 8ia.Keip.tvovs irpbs avrbv 35 3 Sia-KivSvveveiv : SiaKivSvvedcras 14 2 INDEX IV GREEK 247 SLa-KbirreaBai, diffindi: tov K paviov diaKOTT&TOS 6 2 8icu<6opa, distractio: Siarpopau vnoarjpalpovaa $T]poTiKr)s Kal apitTTOKpaTiKTjs irpoaipiaews 11 3 .— dissidium : Avddaps rrjs 5. 15 I ; a,vf)Kev ipywv 14 2 ; peyaXrjv per’ ebvoias Soljav ijveyKev 18 3 ; 5ia (pObvov Trjs 8. 10 6 ; ivXofrrcp Kai 8. Siacpi- povras 23 2 ; avvSpapeiv drro xoXXuiv Tip dvSpi t7)v 5. 8 2 So^O-KOXCLV 1 5 4 Sotjo-Koiria 1 : rpv aepvbTr/Ta So^oKoxiav axoKaXovvTas 5 4 Sbpv : avaTeivodarjs 8. 31 4 ; Ao'py B^CTAzeiN 33 1 Spdv : ToWa SpwvTes /ca/cd toos ’A. 34 2 ; HXXo ti Trjs xapa- OKevrjs dijiov Spairai 35 3 Spao’T'iipios, strenuus, fortis, ‘ a man of action ’ 19 4 Spaxpr/: pia 8. pei^ova tt)V ovciav ovk ixoir/aev 15 5 Svvapis, robur: Tpv dKpdipovaav TjXLKiav Kai 8. 34 3 . — copiae: dvev Trjs AXXrjs 8. 18 2 ; Trjs 8. to piyedos 20 I ; tTjv 5. iv Trj 'EXXASi avveixev 22 I ; pera Svvdpews 22 I ; vavTLKrj 8. 29 i.—potentia: r/ too Xbyov 8. 15 5 ! Tci xXelcrTa Trjs 5. 21 1 ; Trjs iv Trj xoX 1 - Tiia Kai rats v eva 7 6 ; bbbv plav 7 4 ; p. ovcrcLV apxvv 16 3 els I. of Place: fcrmXe v els ’Keppovr/aov KXr/pobxovs 11 5 ; els BoLwrlav dpfiaXeLv 18 2 ; els ra relxv crwiareCke 19 3 ; KarbuXeiaev els rb retxos 19 4 ; arparevaavres els XeXrpovs 21 I ; els ttjv ’ZirdpT-rjv epoira 23 I ; eirXtvaev els rbv irbvrov 26 I ; els tov II bvTov elcnrXebaas 20 I, 26 I ; wXelv els HLvtlnrnfv 20 2 ; els rov avrbv Xvkov bvexapa^ev 21 2 ; 5ia/3as els ’Eilfioiav 23 2 ; &Tre- irXevcrev els ras ’AOrjvas 25 2 , 28 3 , 30 3 , 31 5 , 32 1 , 34 2 ; els robs irpVTavees oi Xbyoi airoredelev 32 2 , 33 23 ; els robs TroXXobs StatnrapTjvai 36 3 ; els ra Ipya v opqpoiv 25 I ; tCiv dvaysatwv 4. 16 4 ; f/caerra 15 4 eKaorbre 13 11 eKaripwOev 31 4 eKarbp-wedos : t6v i. Hapdevuiva 13 4 eK-fidXXeLV : ^/SaXe 14 2, 23 2 eK-Spopq 3 : Karelx* Tqv e. rabrqv 21 I iseWev 12 2 , 39 5 esdvos : tI indvo tovtov Sia- cpipe l 35 2 ; rrjs peyaXavx'i-as 4. 37 5 ; q i-KiepBovos ioxbs 4. 39 5 ! 4. t&v dvSpSiv 11 3 . — of remoteness in time : Tqv Xeyopivqv Svva piv aurq s 4. 12 I, 20 3 ; Tqs aveipivqs 4. Sqpaywyias 15 2 ; twv wpay- paTuv 4. 27 3 .-—in place of reflexive pronoun 32 3 .—the proper pronoun for emphatic reference to the speaker in opp. to some other person 15 5 , 33 1 f/c-Kaieu', infl,ammare: ipws 8v 4^4savoav 20 3 ; Tbv nbXepov viroTvepbpevov e |isavoev 32 3 eK-KaXdv : if Tqv Si&voiav wpos to olsdov dyadov 4ibpeiv, pronuntiare 4 1 . — divulgare: btyveyweiv aab^r/pa 13 11 ; bKtpbpwv birl ybXoiTL ras oiVoc Scarpc/Sas 36 2 bw-tybyeiv 3 , dildbi: cos per) (6 wXovtos) bKverai irados 10 6 iv i. Local: (a) of Place pro¬ per, within the limits of some space, ‘in,’ ‘at’: iv M vKdXy 3 I 1 iv ' Apyivovaais 37 5 ; iv ’Vibpy 1 I ; iv "EXevaivi 13 4 ; eV Kepia 19 3; dv AaKeSalpovi 29 4 ; iv nitrg 2 1 ; iv"Apyei 2 1 ; iv KGirptp 10 7 i dv iKKh-qiricf. 14 I, 31 3 ; tv ra?s iKKXyaiais 12 I ; iv dcrrei 7 4 , 10 4 , 11 2 ; iv ry iroXei 3 4 , 111; rd (/nXyTiKbv iv ypiv 1 1 ; iv cnSypip 11 3 ; iv o'uda pieyaXy 16 4 ; iv aKyvibpam wviyypois 34 4 ; iv rots koXitois irepLcptpovTasl I ; Kep&yNON 6 N tAwcch ch^peiN 8 3 , 39 3 ; iv weXdyei 33 5 ; rb irivd- kiov iv ip rb \jjycjnapa yeypap- ptvov iriiyxavev 30 I.— (b) of the contents of a writing etc.: iv rip Mevel;ivip 24 4 ; tv reus Kiopupdiais 24 6 ; tv toIs ’Hdi- Koi s 38 2 ; ws iv tois irepl indvov yeypairrai 9 4 ; iv rois irepi AvaavSpov 22 3 ; iv Tip Tips arparyylas diroXo- yurpip 23 I.—with neuter adjective : (pvXaTTeiv iv oxvpip ra, koivo. 12 2 . —‘with,’ ‘ among, ’ ‘ in the presence of ’ : iv ’E^idArats 16 2 ; iv rip Siipup 9 4 ; iv oxXip 15 4 ; Kplveadai iv SinaaTah 32 2.—• ‘ in the case of ’: roO Sypov iroiovpevoi weipav iv ineivip 31 2 ; iv Ty aioTyplq. tou yevo- piivov Tyv laxbv dirodiSwaiv 13 2 11 . Of the State or Condi¬ tion in which one exists, acts or suffers: rods iv eviraddais Tint yevopivovs 27 2 ; (Siov tv i^ovaia Kadapov 39 2 ; (repvbrepov iv irpaoTyTi Tpoirov 39 5 ; iv irpdypam iroXXois Kai peydXais direx~ deiais 39 I ; rods iv TiXei 23 I ; SvacpvXaKTOv iv avvydda 7 5 ; iv irpdypacn peydXois Kal KivSvvois 32 3 ; ip tv Tip iroieiv evxipeia 13 2 ; pyuo s tX°Gay iv iroiKiXais perafio- Xais 38 1 in. Of Time, denoting periods and portions of time in which anything occurs : iv I XT) EX IV GREEK 255 dpXP 9 2 ; iv rip Sta picrov 10 i ; iv xp^V f>T)Tw ; iv oXlyio 13 3; a- rip Xoi-rrip filip 36 5 ; iv Tip Xoiptp 36 3 ; iv ToilTtp 29 4 ; iv oh xp ° v01 -s 7 4 ; Xpivov iv ip 23 I ; iv irev- raeTiif 13 7 i S' Tivt troTip 1 5 ; iv Tip Xiyeiv 5 I iv. In Composition, pre¬ fixed to verbs and general compounds followed by the dative, it denotes continu¬ ance in some place, state or condition, as iy-Kaprepeiv 36 5 ; ip-piveiv 29 5 ; ip-iroidv 1 4 ; i/j.-ueTcu 10 6 ; iv- Siacnrdpeo'dai 11 2 ; iv-Sia- Tplfieiv 2 4 ; ev-epyafeirffiu 6 I, 39 4 ; iv-Tidiv at 2 3 , 13 2 , 31 4 . — prefixed to adjec¬ tives, it denotes being in some placeor condition, being possessed of something, or entering into, mingling in something, as ivoxos 33 1 ivavTios : rovvavriov by crasis for t 6 ivavTiov 1 4 ivavTiovadai : ivavTiixioipevov 11 I ; vpbs tovto ivavTUiiSeh 29 , 5 ivaTos : i. pqv'i 28 I iv-SeiKvvirdcu : ivSeLKviipevos aii- tou t6 (\Ahc 3 3 iv-Se\exys ■ irbXepov i. 19 I iv-Sia-oirdpetrOai : iv8ieinra.p6ai II 2 iv-Sia-TpifUeiv : ivSiaTpiif/ai rjj irepl toiis /3iovs dvaypaipy 2 4 iv-8i86vai : SiapoXrjs rots ix&poh ivSiSovs acpopp.6.% 33 2 .— ovSiv tl paXXov iviSuKe 30 1 : ivSouva 1 AaKeSaipoviois 32 3 iv-do^os : Tacpiii i. 28 3 lv-8oins J : wdpav ivSbacios 31 I iv-dvai, incsse : ivarnv 24 4 .— t) iveoTiv (‘is possible’) avTip irpocpaais 12 I iv-epyaftcrdai : ivepya^era 1 6 I ; ivapyafeTO 39 4 iv-epyos : 6 ivepyoTaro s tuv TexviTuv 13 8 iv-iriXiKos 1 , cidvltus: roh i. iraiaiv 16 4 iv-dovo’ia&p.bs : inr’ iv8ovaiaopod !«S iviavoios : i. aTparqyiais 16 3 iviavros : naff’ isaoTOv i. 11 4 , 23 1 ivioc 10 4 , 15 5 , 23 I, 31 5 ; ivia 15 2 ; iviois 20 3 ev-oxo s : i. Hya yivos 33 I ivTaSOa 24 I, 28 3 iv-Teiveado.1 : 8aa l\lkt]v ivTeivd- pevos 7 ToXiTeLav 15 2 iv-Tidivcu: TrpaKTLKTjv bppqv ivTL07](TlV 2 3 > OUK ivTldljlTL fiapos ipyip 13 2 ; eUbva iviOijKG (sc. Trj clottiSi) 31 4 ivT&s 13 5 iv-TUTTOvv 1 : iv Tp cuririSi poptppv iverinrwae 31 4 i^-aiTeiadai : ’’Atnratriav i^r/Tq- aaro 32 3 i^aKia-pbpioi : too s e. 33 4 e2-<\Npoveip 17 I.— PASS, iiraipopepup dpriXap- fidreodai 20 2 iir-apdeip : iirapdei naipbrys res 13 3 . iir-ap-iipai : iirapyKde 28 3 iir-ap-opdovadai: iirapopdobperos to. s diropias too Sypov 11 5 iir-avXis 2 : roes iiravXen 33 2 iirei, postquam 7 2 , 21 2 , 26 1 , 30 3 , 37 3 .—quoniam 1 4 , 9 1 , 24 1 , 27 2 , 30 3 iirdyeip : ra iwetyopra negotia 5 2 erreiAH 13 6 iir-e^-iipai 26 I iir-ireios : to iTs i. Kapirods 16 4 eiri 1 . xv. Gen. of Place: suqier, ‘ upon ’ : i. tov [}y paros 8 6 ; rob s iir’ ibaepovs Kiopas 13 4 ; 1. tov dpaKrbpov 13 5 5 A roO Kpaptov 13 6 ; i. tup oypdrup 28 3 ; i. tup opup 10 2 ; e. piyov 11 2 . — i. orpaToweSov, in excrcitu 27 1 . — versus , ‘in the direction .of’: iir' oikov 19 4 . ■— of that on xvhich anything rests, ‘ on the ground of’ : Kpareip ryp Siyyycrip iirl rys dXydeias 28 3 .—‘in the case of’: iirl tup popup 1 4 11 . xvitli Dat.— 1 . Of the place at or by xvhich : orpand iirl rocs 6'poes offeree 22 I. — of the reason or motive underlying xvords or deeds, propter, ‘ for, ’ ‘ on account of ’ : iirl tu \6yu ryp irpoaupvp.lap yepiodai 8 3 ; dcrxdAAoyras iirl rip iroXipu 34 ; i. tov- tu xaAe7rcos SiareOeis 36 2 ; 13 8 ; i. rodru Kap.ipdets 36 5 > P-iyu top KaraoTpu)- fxaros paxbpevos ; roils e. 28 2 . — vector, ‘a passenger’: eiTLfiaTLop pavTuPpToip 33 5 tm-^oX-ri : p.eyaXas Karaowe va- apdrup i. 12 5 (from eiri/BaX- Xecrdai, ‘to design,’ ‘under¬ take ’) tiTL-fiovXeveLV : iirLpiovXevrraPTes apclXop 10 7 tiri-ytypeo-daL : iiTLyepopepq (q pbaos) 35 3 tTTL-ypaipeoOaL : tneypdcpq Trj Slktj KaTr/yopos 35 4 tm-ypa iireaTOTet rots Te%vl- rats 13 9 im-OTpoLTetjeiv : imoTpaTevaas 21 2 iirt-ari/Xtov : rots 4. 13 4 im-Ta.xdvetv : iireraxwe tov iriXepov 29 4 im-Tepirtbs 1 1 5 iirt-T-ySeios, familiaris: ovk 6\l- 700 s tG>v 4. 36 1 im-Ttdivcu: rots irepl ryv Slcurav irepav rd^iv iiridyKev 7 4 .— mid. aggredi: imdiadat tois ’Ad. 26 2 .—‘to make up to’: iiridiadai rots Ovvo.toit6.toii avSpdat 24 2 4in-Tpaytp8eiv 1 : toPtois 4iri- TpaytpSel 28 1 [iirl-Tpoiros : iirbpoirov Stidevro v. 1. 15 5 ] iirt-Tvyxdvetv, propositum asse- qui 6 3 4in-v 4. 27 10 ; avv- etpaiTTopivyv toD £13 7 .—2. ‘the result of anyvork,’ ‘pro¬ duct of art, industry, mind’: XolpovTe s Tip b. too Syptovpyov KaTatppovovpev 1 4 ; el Tipirei to b. ti/s x a P^ v 2 2 ; bpytp 13 2 ; dva./3aLv6vTtov tQv b. 13 3; p,ey a\ovs ixbvTwv rexvlras twv b. 13 4 ; ra Ilept/cA^ous b. 13 3 9 ; aetdaXes irvevpa toiv b. ixbvTOiv 13 3 ; b. diaTpipyv ixbvTwv 12 5 ; ra b. /cat roos elpyaapivovs 2 2 ; y S 6 £a r Civ b. 2 2 .—3. ‘an act,’ ‘deed,’ ‘thing done’: rots dir’ dperys b. 1 4 ; pySiv b. piya 29 2 ; Ty ioToplq. tov 7 2 3; \6yip pbv b. 84 9 I ; ay’to AoroiCI npodirei—eproici A’ oy’Ae KIN6? 13 5 ; 5t’ bpywv airo- Xiieadat tov XaKOiviapov 10 I. —4. ‘employment,’ ‘proper work ’ : piyiOTOV b. avrys (Tys pyropiKys) 15 4 . — c. inf. ‘a hard task,’ piya 4. 21 I ; bpyov 9jv Karaaxnv 27 2 INDEX IV GREEK 259 dpe\p is 1 , ‘roofing,’ ‘roof’: rrj dpd\pei 13 5 dpppla : dppplp SiaSoxrjs 37 2 dppwpdvo s, robustus (from phv- vvcrdai) : d. vavnierj Svvap.ei vrjerov 29 I ; dppwp.eveerTd.Triv pdxyv 10 2 .—Adv. i’ppwpevd- CTOLTa 10 2 dpvpa 39 5 ; dpvpaeri 19 I epxecrffai, venire: rjXOev drepos errbXos 26 I ; dXdoberr)s rrpbs avrbv 10 5 .— redire: dX 6 wv die Trjs ipvyrjs 10 I dpws : 2«eAias 6 Sverepws’d. 20 3 dpwrdv : ovtws dpwrwvra 24 5 ; r/pdiTriae p-tj o’lerai 35 2 ; r]pwTric 7 rodwv yevopdvov 39 4 ev-Xafieicrdai : rbv Srjpov evXa- fleZro 7 I ev-\a/3ris rrepl tov \&yov 8 4 eb-pevris : evpevds rjdos 39 2 ev-p-qxdvw s 31 4 eli-void tlvl rrpbs Tiva 29 2 ; per’ ebvolas Sbljav 18 3 ; ell. dxwv Tiva rrpos TZaplovs 25 2 ev-rrddeia : robs dv ev. Tial yevo- pdvovs 27 2 ev-rropia 1 *, copiae, opes 12 4 ; ttiv ev. abrrjs (sc. Trjs rroXews) 12 4 ; Sidvepov t^v ev. 12 7 ; Tas drrb twv koivwv ev. 12 5 ev-irperrijs, decorus: rb eI5os ev. 24 2 . — speciosus : evrrperre- (TTaTt] twv rrpoefrderewv 12 2 elipems : Trjs atrias rrjv ev. 6 4 ell-poia : rpv eii. twv rrpayparwv 20 3 eb-ad/deia : rrjv dcnpaXrj eberdfieiav dvepyatperai 6 I eb-Tpoxos 3 : rrjv yXwTTav ell. 7 I ev-TVxla. : Sia tcls reportpov ev- rvxlois 18 2 ev ■ 1117 s, ‘ endowed with a happy moral disposition ’ : eb. vdos 2 1 ; eytJjYHC 8 1 ev-xdpeia artificum : p dv rip rroietv ev. 13 2 2C0 LIFE OF VEHICLES ebxeadai ■ r)bx eT ° ro?s Scots 8 4 (see 11 . to c. 7, 1 ) ; ev^dpcvoi rots Scots 17 1 ev-o>xdoSat 27 2 4-opos : ol 4. 22 2 4v^pl^ovres 33 6 idoneus: d^lo)pa 4. irpbs rooavrpv r)yepovlav 37 I 4xctv: A. Trans. 1 . 1. habere, ‘ to have ’ : (a) airla 4xouoa xXdorovs pdprvpas 31 2 , 5 4 .—( b ) ‘ to have (in itself or as a consequence),’ ‘ in¬ volve ’ : 7 roWpv aSr)\brr)ra Kal kIvSvvov caxcv 6 xoXepos 28 6 ; p-d-XV s ^X°bor)S tto\\t)v dSrfKbT-pra 18 I ; 4pyo)v Sta- rpi/3 r\v 4xbvrwv 12 5 ; vooo) jjlt)kos dxovirr) 38 1 .—(c) ‘to have jiossession of the mind,’ said of agitating emotions : perdvoia Ka l xbSos 4oxcv avrobs 10 2 ; 4pws dx ev Si KcKlas 20 3 .—2. ‘to have,’ i.e. ‘ to own,’ ‘ possess ’ : (a) property: $o)k4o)v 4xovro)v rb iepbv 21 2 ; 80 a pr) irpb- repov elxov 26 2 ; rooabrpv apxpv 4x 0VTl 15 4 ; rlva rbxvpv 4xovoa 24 I.—( b ) rela¬ tives : xalSas 4xo)v yvqolovs 37 3 .—(c) the present parti¬ ciple with verb = ‘ with ’: irplv 4p^a\dv 4xovra T0 ^ s IleX. 33 2 ; dirboreiXe 84 ko. vavs ’4x ovTa rov LaKedatpbvtov 29 2 . — {d ) to have faculties, emotions, etc. : cppbvppa eb- yevcs ’4 xovti 10 6 ; 4xo)v ril'd •rrpbs S aplovs eilvoiav 25 2 .— (e) of age and time : rots 7)\ucboei 13 12 ; airlav dxe 13 IO ; pbvos 4oxc too xo\4pov tt)v airtav 29 5 ; SI avrbv 4ox ev bxSpobs 31 2 .—( g) im¬ personal use : 4xei Xbyov, ‘ it stands to reason ’ 1 2 11 . tencre, ‘ to hold ’: Sid Xeipbs 4xo)v tt)v xbXtv 34 I hi. posse, ‘ to have the means to ’ : ovk 4xo)v Krtoat 22 3 B. Intrans. with modal adverbs, ‘ to hold or find oneself so and so,’ ‘to be in such and such a condi¬ tion ’ : ocpoSpa kcucuSs 4xo)v 38 2 ; to. olKda poxSypCbs dxcv (avrtp) 36 I ; dx ev oliru ra xepl rbv vopov 37 3 ; rrjv apxpv bxtos 4oxcv yv&vai 31 l ; with irpbs and accus. : oiKeUt)s dxov xpos avrbv 10 3 ; dpy&s 4xo)v 7 rpbs xPVP-anopbv 16 3 C. Mid. c. gen. ‘to hold on by,’ ‘to be connected with’: ^r/cptopa ... ebyvtbpovos SiKaio- XoyLas 4xbpevov 30 3 4x@pa : aoirovoov Kal a.Kr)pvKrov L 30 3 4x&pbs : 4. o.vt)k4otip 39 I ; ol 4. 10 7 I 7 roXXoi tuv 4. 33 6 , 34 3 ; robs p4v St abrbv 4oxcv 4. 31 2 4ws, coni, donee, usque dum: 4o)S dxT)Wdyr)oav ol II. 34 I. —praepos. c. gen. (un- classical) : ews AKapvavlas INDEX IV GREEK 261 1 " 2 . Cp. Polyb. 1, 18, 2 euis aKpof3oXicrp.ov Z £evyo-rpoipos : oi f. 12 7 Zetis : tov Aia for rb tov Aios AyaXpa 2 i ; 7 patpos: tov f. 13 2 ; fu- ypdipoi 12 6 fcpor : Troieiv tol fcja, fitjuras piclas vel intextas 13 1 H I/, qua 20 1 .— 77 /cal, quapropter 34 2 yyeiodai, ducem esse : yyovpivov 22 2 , 33 3 . —existimare 36 3 ; yyobpeda 1 4 ; yyovpevos 21 I ; yyovpevov 31 I ; yyeiro 39 1 yyepovia militaris : irpos roadv- T7)v ixiyyvov V- 37 I. — regnum: rys yy. tCjv Ilep- eo (aXeUpeodai) 28 5 yXiula : rroXXais y. ’ipirpooBev 27 3 , 13 I ; iraoav y. 12 7 I tuv iv y. I 82 ; Sia ryv y. 22 2 ; ryv dKpa^ovoav y. 34 3 ; tois yXiKlav exovoi 12 5 yXiKiuTis 1 : y. loTopia 13 12 ijXios : tov y. 35 I ypipa : y. SXyv 36 3 ; ko.0 ’ ypipav, quotidie 7 2 , 9 2 , 24 6 ; bXlyais vorepov y. , 18 3 ypiovs : KXypoi’XOvs ypioeis tov- tu iv 11 5 yvia : ras y. avels 11 4 yvioxos : oi y. 12 7 ifireipos : Tyv avTiiripas ij. 19 4 Ilpa : "Hpav for to rys "Hpas &yaXpa 2 1 yovxa-fciv : yovxd^ovTas 25 3 yovXia. : KaO’ yovx'iav 23 I r/TTaodai : yrTypivovs 10 2 ; yrrydy tov rradovs 36 5 ; yrrydyvai 26 3 ; yrrydels IJ-a-XV 18 3 ijrTov, minus 11 2 ; pySiv ij. 12 5 262 LIFE OF PERICLES e 0dXarra ( BdXaaaa ) : ck 0. eh 6 . 19 I ; f/c 8 . 34 2 ; rrj s 17 I, 25 3 ; Kara ddXaTTav 12 6 r?js t 6 Kparos 28 6 ; to. -rrpbs BaXacay 20 2 ; e'Xpupro rij 26 2 ; vyaovs Kal BaXacraav 15 I ; irdcrav ttjp 8 . 20 I Bdpfios 3 , t 6 6 I BavariKos : rr)v 8 . SiKyv 10 5 8 a.va.T 01 : 8 a.va.Tip tpypioucrdai 30 3 ; davarov (a vtov) KaTeyvw- trav 22 3 OawTecrdai : Tacprjvai 30 3 Oappelv (Bapcrelv) : (pavepCis ey- KaXebv ou Bappodvre s 29 4 ; ovk bdapcryae avvax/zai. 22 2 Bdpaoi, t 6 20 I davpd^av Sti 38 4 ; davpaaeie 13 11 ; rip davpaaai 1 4 ; Bavpdaas 5 I ; BavpatravTa 27 3 ; davpacravrei 14 2 . — PASS. 8 avpat^erai 13 3 ; 0ac- pd^eadai. 2 2 ; idavpdaBy 19 2 ; Bavpacrdyvai 6 3 ; davpa- adevras us peyaXovs 18 I Bavpaaios: Bavpamov 7 5 , 13 1 Bavpaarbs tt)s ewieiKelai 39 I ; T^XV 13 7 ; 8 . tl Kal pAya cppovrjtra 1 28 5 ; radra 8 av- patTTO. Kal M;ia aTecpdvwv 28 4 ; pi)X a rais T V V KaivoTTfTa Bavpaarah 27 3 6 avpaiTToVadai 1 ; edavpaaTibdy 28 3 BavpaarCji 5 1 07ct : Tivd 8 . iravyyvpiKyv 11 4 diapa : to. 8 . 1 2 ; dedpatnv 1 3 BeaaBai Tods povaiKous dyaivai 13 5 i 70eupro 13 7 ; rods Beuptvovs 2 2 ; deaadpevos 2 1 deary s (dywvwv) yiyvbpevos 1 5 ; rdp 0 . (tup /caXup) 2 3 0 eip, currere 16 7 0e(os : 6 0. IlXarup 8 I ; to. 8. 6 I, 32 1 ; Toil 8. (avp^bXoLi) 6 4 BtXeiv : rods py BeXovras yeve- 34 3» 36 I, 39 2 KaOapbs, ‘clean,’ ‘pure : 1. physically: k. SLairas 34 4; tpcorl KaBapurdrip 39 3 5 vo ^ v k. sal &k parov 4 4.—2. ethi¬ cally : k. filos 39 2 ; k. x^P™ . . . S^eis 8 5.— c. gen. Xbyov KaBapbv j3wpoXoxtas 5 I Kad-t^eaBai 3 oiXot 27 4 Kad-dpyecrdat : Ibairep (3 octk 7]‘ para KaBeipypevovs 34 4 Kad-rjaSa 1 3 4 Kad-UvaL : ertpovs Kadids in certamen 7 5 Kad-lfriv : Ik{tt)v tv dyopg KaBl- lovcnv 31 2 Kad-cixrdvaL : sroXirelav Kare- (TT-qae 3 I ; r^v sroXirelav els dvrliraXov Kartaryoev 11 2 ; KaraarijaaL (riva) srpbs rt]v oUlav 5 2 ; Karaarricras Sr/po- Kparlav 25 2 .—MID. rrpbs rbv QovkvSIStiv els dybbva Karaaras rrepl rod bcrrpaKOv 14 2 Kad-oSos exulis : rrjv k. 10 4 264 LIFE OF PERICLES Kad-opav 8 5 nad-irt i.e. naff' ort, ‘accord¬ ing to what, ’ 1 after what fashion '13 6 Kad-vwSprepos SettuSatporlas 6 I xal, ultra 36 2 /cal yip, etenim 7 I, 24 2 3 , 26 3 , 39 4 .—where the /cal means 1 both, ’ being followed by another /cal 24 6 , 26 3 , 34 1 . —K&I ... pe 24 6 ; /cal phrot ye 16 7 .—kai . . ■ Ae' 33 7 .— /cal intensive: /cal pdXa 15 3 ; /cal irdvu 25 2 ; /cal rl dy ns davpdaete 13 II Katvirqs ‘ freshness ’ : /c. ns 13 3 .—'novelty ’ : rqu k. {t&v pqx av '* >v ) 27 3 nahrep 01 ) 24 3 , 16 3 natpbs 16 2 ; e’tq k. Stair oprj- : tS k. 23 ; tuv avrov k. [38Xtlq 1 5 ; k. \//dXXuv 1 5 ; K. enXappdvovros 6 3 naXu-arpbtpos : ol k. 12 7 ndpirreodat : (irl roirtp /ca pepdels 36 5 Kapdvtos : d) Zey KApx'Nie 3 3 Kap-q - fiapeiv : K&pH BApoyNTA 34 Kapiros : robs Sireretovs K. 16 4 naprepos : /c. vavpaxlas 25 3 Kara : A. c. Gen. : contra, ‘ against ’ : pdprvpa irapbxe- rat k ad' avTqs 2 I ; Svvaptv tear bnelvov irapaaneva^bpevos 7 3 ! nis K - KpetTTQVUV fiXaaep-qplas 13 II; SxpV T0 rip irXqdet k. rrjs (SovXijs 9 3 ; atriav irotqadpevos nar ab- tuv 24 I ; ypdepet tp'qcptcrpa Kar’ avruv 30 3 B. c. Acc. : 1. of Place or INDEX IV GREEK 265 Region in which: ac. ryv de£iau wXevpdv 21 2 ; ac. yijv 12 7, 34 2 ; ac. OdXaTTav 12 6 ; Kar’ dyopdv 5 2 ; ac. tov towov 6 2 .— 2 . of Time during which: ac. Kaipov 15 3; If. tov 7 r iXepov 28 3 ; ac. tov Xoipiv 36 I ; ac. tovs v7rvovs 3 2 ; ac. ri;v 7 /oa- yv 24 7 .—3. of Refer¬ ence, Relation, Projior- tion: (a) distributively: SieXidy ac. irbXeis 22 3 ; KaO’ 'eKaarov iviavrov 11 4 , 23 I ; 6 Kad’ ypbpav pios 7 5, 9 2, 24 6 ; /card piKpbv 36 I .— (b) ‘so far as relates to ’: ac. ybvos 24 5 ; ac. rets &\\as dperas bpolwv 2 4 ; Kar’ dpipordpov s3 1 .—(c) ‘accord¬ ing to a standard,’ ‘agree¬ ably to ’ : ac. t6v opObrarov Xbyov 36 3 .— (d) secundum, Ut ait : Kurd rbv IlXarcova 7 6 ; Ac. riAdrcova 15 4 .—(e) of the mode in which a thing is done : a cad’ yirvxlav 23 1 ; Kara rt> PIKtiotov 31 I ; Kara Kp&TOS 19 3; Kara raxos 22 2 , 27 I Kara-patveiv : KarapalvovTa euro tov Pyparos 28 4 Kara-paXXeiv, prosternere : Srav KaTapdXw (avTbv) waXalwv 8 4 .— diruere: k. Telxy )( oc ’ aco - Sopeiv : ta Ae tamttaAin Ay kataBa'AAgin 16 2 KaTa-Podv, obstrepere: Kara- Powvtwv (without object) 33 5 ; ac. tov HepiKXbovs 14 1 Ka.T-dyetv : els dyopdv uvtous KOTayayuv 28 2 Kara-yiyvwoKeiv : tpevyovros 0a- varov Kareyvwoav 22 3 Ka.Ta-ypdeo0aL: KaTaybypawrai v. 1. 13 9 KaTa-Syp-aywyeiodai 1 : Acara - 8tip.aywyovp.evos toiatocs 9 2 KaTa-Spopri, decursio: rds ac. twv QpaKwv 19 I KaTa-SiepOai els to tt)s povoiKys 8 vopa 4 I Acara-AcAeieiv : KarbWeioev Olvid- 8as els t8 tci^os 19 4 .— fig. Si’ dvrCKoylas KaTaWelovaav els diroplav 4 3 .—PASS. iravTeXws KaTeaXeladyijav 26 I \_KaTa-KTelveiv : KaraKTelvavros v. 1. 36 3 ] koto- tewXveiv : KaTeiewXve ( ttjv AcaAc(av) dvpKeOTOv yevbadai 39 5 KOTa-Xappdveiv : KaraXapwv TrdvTa tpvXaKais 33 5 KaTa-Xelweiv : tt]v ovalav tjv / car - bXiire 15 5 Kara-Xveiv : KarbXvae TyvTvpav- vl 8 a 3 I ; Kar^Xvae t 6 Kpdros ttjs povXijs 7 6 ; KaTiXvoe ttjv dvTireTaypevyv eraipelav 14 2 ; tt/v oXiyapxlav KariXuoev 25 1 . — pass, of a single person : too QovkvSISov Accrra- XvdivTos 6 3 , 33 1 Kard-Xvais: pera Tt)v QovkvSISov ac. 16 3 KaTa-plyvvcrOai : \pvxyv Karape- piypivyv exovTwv 13 3 Kar-av-aXlerKeiv : t6 tpiXyriKov els Sypla KaTavaXlerKOvras 1 I Kara-vavpaxeiv, navali praelio devincere: Karavavpaxycras 25 3 ; KaTavavpaxyaavra 37 5 Kara-vipeerOai 2 de morbo : kot- evepydy ttjv aKpafovaav yXi- a dav 34 3 KaT-dvTys : Karavres de tecto Odei 13 5 Kara-mpirpavai 1 : twv iepwv 4 KaTdirpyuav 17 I 266 LIFE OF PERICLES Ka.Ta.-irXf)i- : KaTairXrjya 27 4 KaTa-iroXep.e'iv, debellare: tov ’ AOyvalovs KaTairoXep.r)epeiN 8 3 K 6 c})AAAION 3 4 KetpaXq : K 6 C))AAHC GnAgkA- KAjNOY 3^4; TTjs K. inrep- exovriov 27 4 ; Ty k. 3 2 ; Kpiod Kea\i}v 6 2 ; ras K. 28 2 KecpaX-qyepdrqs : K 6 AAHre" p^TAN 3 3 kt]Se arris : Kqbearqv 11 I ; tCiv k. 36 4 KffSeiew : KqSeioiv 36 4 Krjpvl; : 6 wepcpdeis K. 30 3 > icfipvKa. 30 2 KiOapifeiv 13 6 KivSvvos : exovcrps kipSwov 18 I ; pdyav ’dax* k. 6 iroXepos 28 6 ; klvSuvols 27 I, 32 3 Kiveiv : Kivovaa wpodvpiav 2 2 ; t 6 wa\bv dcf>' auro Kivei 2 3 ; Xpelai wdoai’ yeipa KwovtraL 12 4 ; eiri rois KaXoiS klvH tt)v Sidroiav 16 6 ; epfOICI A’ oyAe KING? (t 8 ’dpyov ) 13 5 .— PASS, v-rr’ ovSevos dKivqdq tup toiovtup 34 I ; (rot) i]0q KLPOUU.epa TOIS TUP (Tup&TUP ■wadem 38 2 .— aggredi re- gionem : k. to. wpos daXadrri 20 2 kiup : to us dir' dSatpovs K. 13 4 > roil? &pu k. lb. wXaieip : wXatup 36 4 icXavdpbs 1 5 : K\avdp.bv pq^a 1 36 wKeipis : KXeipqp yepdoffat 24 7 KkeirreLv : nopNHN KAeTT- TOyCI30 4 KXqpovxi-a., a settlement of Athenian citizens in the city and lands of an ex¬ pelled Greek population, as at Hestiaea and Chalcis (c. 23, 2 ), whereas an cbroi/ci'a is a colony planted amongst barbarians on foreign soil, as at Brea : xXqpovx ^ a? 9 1 , 34 1 kAt/ poOyos : yiAioes k. 11 5 K\qpuT&s : K. apxal 9 3 KXrjmi : k\tis j3pa5dws irepaivopevov 13 5 Kwp-coSta : at k. 8 3 ; dv Tah k. 24 6 KUip-wSo-TTOLOS \ TOV K. 32 I ; oi k. 7 6 A Xa/3p : tov riepiKXdous Xaj3dv opppovs 25 I ; Xafiwv srpopavrelav 21 2 ; tt)v 'Acnra- crlav Xafiwv 24 5 ; Tip Xafiovri tov XevKbv Kbapov 27 2. — Xapwv, ‘with’: X. rpcr/peis 26 I ; XafiovTi 5 3 ; Xafiovra vavs 10 4 ; XajiivTas ras \jrpv xP 7 U jl ^ tuv 32 2 ; XPV- /xdrwv ovk 6ic7. Xvpatveodai. : brav 7 laropla Xvpatvr/rai rV dXr)6ei.av 13 12 Xvrreiv : Xvrrr/cra s 10 5 Xt/pa : rij X. 4 2 Xi/x^os : rou X. 16 7 M paKa.pi.os : rta //.. /ca! ddavdrw 39 3 paKpbs : p. voaqpan 15 3 ; p. Xpbvois 7 4 //.aXa : pd\' ippeXovs atpijs 15 4 pa\aK&s, mollis: p. dppovtas 15 2 ; aWpa p.. 39 3 . —effeminate ’ : tt pbs robs (pbfiov s p. 6vra 27 4 .—re- missus: paXaKcorbpoi.s XPV- ryovrai rots ' ABqvatoLS 33 I paXaKTT/p 1 : xp va ’°o paXaKrrjpe s /cat bXbrj>avros 12 6 pdXitrra rrperrovcrt]s 39 3 ; p. pt- aovvToiv 33 I ; p. rrepi.6ets 4 4 ; rbre p. 11 4 ; /a. i/SaoKaivov 12 I ; ebboKlpei p. 18 1 , 19 I ; p.. Bavpdaiov 13 I, 15 4 ; ■qyarr-qBr] p. 19 I, 22 2 , 24 I 7 , 25 I, 29 5 i fiXXots re 7 roXXots /cat /t. 21 I ; /cat p. Sri 31 4 pdXXov 9 4 , 13 3 , 24 5 , 28 3 , 29 2 4 5 , 31 2 ; p. ij 27 1 ; oi75&/ rt pdXXov 30 I ; /cat /t. 13 3 ; £ti p. 16 7 pav6dva.v : pavBavovres rpv vavTLKpv iprreipLav 11 4 pdvns : rbv p. 6 3 paprvpeiv de rebus quae eventn suo sententiam alicuius com- Jirobant : 6 rrj 'EXXctSt pap- Tvpet 12 I ; ipaprbprjrTev atrip ra. yevbpeva 22 I pdprvs : pdprvpa rr ap^xerat Kad’ aurrjs 2 I ; atria %x ova ’ a rrXelarovs p. 31 2 pdx^crOai 27 2 , 33 4 ; ore 717 / 6 * roi)s /3ap/3dpot>s tpdxovro 17 I ; paxoptvov rrpbs ’A pd^ova 31 4 pdxv : pdxf)S ix°i ,a 'VS t toXXtjv dSrjXorriTa /cat kLvSvvov 18 I ; yevophnjs pdxys 26 2 ; iv rfj pdxp 24 7 ! yrTridds paxy I 83 ; ippajpeveordr-qv pd.X7]V ayuvtoaoBai 10 2 ; pdxv v avvd\f/ar 33 4 ; rrvvdipavras pdxqv 19 3 ; perd rpv p. 29 3 ; rriv rrpos Apatovas p. 31 4 peya\-avxia : rrjs p. 37 5 ; rats p., ‘ grand airs ’ 5 3 peyaXo-rrpaypwv 4 2 peyaKo-dv(i>v peyiSei 13 I ; Tip p. tov 28 5 pdfav : p. crrbXos 26 I ; peitibv n 35 2 ; pip SpaxPV pdfava ovalav 15 5 ; p. ttIotiv 33 I peipaKiov , rb 36 2 peipaKidibTis : rpv p. wpoaiovv- ptav 39 2 piXas : p. Ipdriov 38 4 peXerdv : peXeTuvres 11 4 piXXeiv, in eo esse ut: SpeXXev elmivai 5 3 ; ipeXXev dvd- yeadai 35 I. — ‘to be like to ’: SpcXXe iravaecrdai 36 I ; epeXXe TroXepr]Oeiv fSiXriov 23 I. — cunctari: piXXovTa tSv irbXepov i^iKavaev 32 3 pipcpeadai : ipipipovro 16 4 pev — Si 4 3, 20 1 .— piv — ptvToi 24 3. — pev odv 6 4, 10 I 7> 16 5, 18 3, 28 3, 30 3, 32 3, 35 3 4 piveiv : pevovaiv dddvaroi 18 I ; epeivev o’lKOvpCiv 34 I ; ox petvavres iv rrj iroXirdp 37 4 pivToi 8 I 3 ; Kal pivroi ye 16 7 ; piv — pivroi 24 3 pipos : aarvpiKov p. 5 4 pitros : Sk p. tov peTictrov 6 2 ; iv Tip Sia p. 10 I ; cpdey^d- pevos ei’s piaov 38 4 paTTbs : opyijs &XXwv re parro t/s iraBuiv 39 3 peTa: A. c. Gen. ‘concurrently, jointly with ’ : tovtov diriK- Tuvev 6 Srjpos p. tujv ovoTpa- TrtyCbv 37 5 ; TpiOKalSeKa vavs aTriXnre p. Aapdxov 20 I ; i’ oOs Sitj3T] p. Svvdpews 22 I ; p. tGiv yvojplpoiv itpolTa 24 3 ; eppdXXovai p. tZv trvppaxuv 33 3 ; crvviirXevo'e per avrov 8 5 ; p. UpwTayopov 81 a- iropovvra 36 3 ; Xbyovs iiroi- eiTO p. tCiv aocpiijT&v 36 2. — cum res alteri ita additur ut partem obiecti efficiat: ‘with,’ ‘as well as’: /xer’ dvolas So^av 18 3 ; X°-P LV ix 0v c a M- SeivbTTfTO s 24 2 ; iK (ppov-qpaTOS peydXov p. yviopr]S 31 I ; tt)V datpaXi) per’ iXirlSoiv ayaOQv dai- /3ei av 6 I ; riaird^eTO avr t]V p. tov KaratpiXeiv 24 6.— in¬ dicat mod urn quo aliquid fit, ut peTa c. nomine suo adverbii partes sustineat : p. yiXoiTOS 8 2 ; p. waiSids 8 3, 24 4 272 LIFE OF PERICLES B. C. Acc. post : p. ravra 29 I ; pe6’ ypipas oXlyas 3 2 ; p. ryv QovkvBISov Kara- \vciv I63; p. rbv barpaKi- apbv 16 3 ; p. ryv paxyv 29 3 ; p. ryv Ilfpi/cX^ODS reXevryv 24 4 pera-^aXKeiv eavrbv 1 3 pera-l3o\i): rys p. 9 I ; pySeplav p. 34 4 ; itoikIXous p. 38 1 per-ayeiv : ra kolv a xpVP aTa wpbs avrbv perayayuv 12 I pera-\ap/3aveiv 12 5 peraWebs : peraWebs 12 7 pera-voia : p. Seivy robs ’A 0y- valovs il\tov 7 4 ; pySeplav 34 4 . — pySiv ijrrov 12 5 ; pySiv 28 3 , 39 I.— after pyre — pipe 39 I ; after pyBi 8 4 pySurpbs : pySicrpov apxas 24 2 prjKos : p. roaovrov iro\ipov 34 2 ; vbaip prjKos ixobay 38 I prfKb-^oros : p. x^po-v 16 5 pyv: pyvl 28 I ; pyalv ivvia 28 6 ; baric p. 11 4 pi\v : oil pi]v 25 2 , 35 4 , 36 4 ; oil pyv ctAAd 29 5 pyvbeiv : ipyvvae ryv 6ebv ova airoararovaav 13 5 pyvvms : iirl pyvbaei 31 2 pyvvrys : Tip p. 31 5 pyre—pyre pySev—pySi 39 I pyrpbdev : rb p. yivos 33 1 pyxavav ft. 1 4 ; MypoiCl 28 5 N rabs : v. xiXtoraXdrTovs 12 2 vavpax&r : ravpaxovrra 26 3 ravpaxia : Kaprepds r. 25 3 rails yaffTpoeiSrjs 26 3 ; reois 33 5 ; ravr 12 3 ; v. ’At- tikt\v 23 2 ; reoir 19 3 , 26 1 2 , 34 1 , 35 1 ; vavcrlv 23 2 , 25 3 ; 7 roXXas rails 26 2 ; ras v. irapiXafie 28 I ; bXLyas v. 29 2 ; rails bir\ripov 35 I, 20 I roinTfS : ravrat 12 6 raVTidr ; vavTubrnor 33 5 ravTutbs : r. Svrdpei 29 I ; Tpr r. bpireipiar 11 4 rearias : NeANIAI M60YCO- kottaBoi 30 4 rearicncbs : Top r. 36 3 rbpeir , tribuere: ttoXv rbpei rats M ovoais 1 5-—MID. inter se partiri, incolere: retpa- pbrovs o’udas 20 2 reftetrrfTbs : repearfTa traBeir, nemesin expertum esse 37 5 rbo s, novus, alter 16 1 ; ’Om- cJjaAh N6A 24 6 .—iuvenis 2 I, 7 I ; r. 6rra KopiSfj 22 2 ; yvraud r. 36 1 ; riovs 16 1 reovpybs, recens factus: aKp-rj wpbatpaTor Kai reovpyor 13 3 retpos : rbiror ov ritpeai xpotfteror 39 3 reotTepifeir tl 11 5 rTfaiioTUfs : tovs r. 17 2, 22 2 rijeos: Tr/r rrjoor 29 I, 34 I ; r-qcrovs 15 1 ; taTc NhfcOIC eninHAAN 7 6 rLKar : mop 8 4 ; motor 38 3 ; Xafnrpots erira 25 3 ; 6 riKTf- tjas tovs OTpaT-qyovs 3 1 ; riKTfaarTes 26 2 ; rUas ko\- Xiaras vemtTfKoTa to vs flap- fidpovs 9 4 rlKtf : &pa Trj r. 26 1 ; r. KaX- XiiTTas 9 4 riKrf-ipbpos : adXrfTrfr r. 28 4 rbdos : o NO0OC Ae MO I ZH 24 6 ; Tbr r. 24 6 ; dwoypd- \paodat Tbr r. 37 5 ; rbdoir ){ yrrfoioir 37 2 ; rots r. 37 3 274 LIFE OF PERICLES popl^eip : tous to. 6eia pp popl- tovras 32 I vbfj.0i 30 I ; TOP Tripl TLOP podiou p. 37 2 ; ra irepi rbp p. 37 3 ; pbpo p iypaij/e 37 3 ; p. tipo. 7 rpo/3aXXoplpov 30 I ; pbpovs idero 3 i poaeip : poaQp 38 2 ; vopopriaaPTes 34 3 ; fdXyxpi TiVl v - 38 1 ; dia tt]p p. 35 3 vov-dereTp : POvdeTr/cras 1 I povs )( aiaOritris 1 2 ; Tip p. Xpyj bXdr- tovs 374 ; 6. iiarepov ripbpau 18 2; ou/c bXiyovs twv tiriTiqSeloiv 36 I ; 6. r/pipai 3 2 ; 6. vaus 29 2 .—ru>r 6. )( riSi/ itoXXCiv 7 2 ; ro 6 s 6 . )( Tbv Sijpov 11 3 ; oXLya, ‘ (only) a few ’ 8 5 6 X 176 x 7/5 : T 7 /s 6 . rwr recDr 26 2 SXos : 3. ijpbpav 5 2 ; rjpbpav 6 '. 36 3 ; rois 6 . =Ttp Kocpup 4 4 oXotpApardai : oXoipvpbpevov iav- tov 16 7 ’OXbpirios : ’OXvpiuov irpoaayo- pevdijvai 8 2 SXus re 4 4 ; /cal 3. 21 I, 29 3 , t 36 3 opaXbs : rij s ir 6 Xeios 6 . yivopivqs 15 I opaXus, paritcr: 6 . airdvroiv 6 2 ; irdvres b. 10 2 ; rbv awav- ra xpbvov 6 . 39 3 bpi)pos : iKCUTTOv tuv 6 . 25 2 ; Xafiibv opr/povi 25 I ; opripovs tSuiKOLV 28 I ; bKKXbxf/avTos tovs 6 . 25 3 opiXeiv ut discipulo magister 24 4 opiXia, consuetudo privata 5 3 opvivai : tirav bpvboyji rbv ird- TplOV UpKOV 30 3 bpoio-pbpeia : ras 6 . 4 4 bp. 01 . 0 i : avSpuv Kara, ras AXXas aperas 6 . 2 4 bpoibrqs : rr/r 6 . 7 I, 31 4 bpoiais 15 2 opo-Xoyucr&ai : bpoXoyeirai, in confesso est 24 2 opb-vo la : 7 rp 6 s opovoiav 3 I bp-opos : opbpaiv 19 2 6 /cioO, simul 34 4 3/Cti<>s 11 I ; 3/ews daxAXXovras 34 1 6 rap 13 8 Sreipos 20 3 . Cp. 77ies. c. 6 , 7 ofrios rip 07/irei roO 'Hpa/cX 6 oi>s SavpafrovTi ttjv dperr/v vvKTwp Aveipos ijaav ai tv panels : Marc. c. 28, 3 tovto vvktwp bveipov 7jv avTtpKai £v fioAXeipa. Kal pi a irpbs Oeobs (pwvri, irapa- rarripevov ’Avvlfia-v Xa/3eiv bvopa. 4 I, 29 3 , 37 2 ; bvopa dbpevov to avTOV 37 5 ; tois 6 . 29 3 dvopd^eiv 32 2 ; bvopd^ovmv 3 2 ; ovopAaou 24 7 ; bvopd^cTai 27 3 ; bvopd^ovrai 30 3 ; wvopdaBr] 3 4 , 26 4 ; 6 ro- paadijvai 27 3 bvopaorb s : bvopacTriv yiveaBai 24 7 Svtws 28 6 o£6s : 6£iV Uiamp 1 pbv 6 2 ; Xa- / 37 /r 06 /c d^eiav 38 I oiraiov, r 6 13 5 birr/wore E 6 pt 67 T 7 /s 17 I 07rXlr7/s : oirXtTr)v 12 3 ; rois a 7 r 6 rtir recii' 6. 19 3 , 23 2 ; a 7 a(?o 6 s 6 . 35 I ; irpbs robs Boiwtwv 6 . 33 4 birXov : ra 6 . ( rudentcs ) Kara- Toiva.% 33 5 ; f0ero eis Xbypv to. 0 . (arvia) 10 1 birbdev : 06 /c olb’ b. (in paren- tliesi) 10 6 67 rore, causal, quando, quoniam 38 2 67 rbrepoi : 01 roTbpw tCiv X 071 - La 1 4 : ras 6. 13 10 opos: twv 0 . 10 2 ; rots 6. 22 1 os 7 6; u' fjs 7 6 ; fi fdooXoivTO 20 I, 34 2 ; Siv ova 7 6 oaos : octt] 38 3 ; 8crov iw’ abrip, quatenus face.ro ipse possit 18 1 ; 8or]v 6 1 ; Kai boa ToiaOra (sc. eon) 5 I ; ooa p.7] wpbrepov elxov 26 2 ; ooov ov, ‘ almost ’ only of time : 8oov obSbww, iamiam 29 1 oowep : owep 26 1 boriowep: o T1 nep Kect>A- Aaion 3 4 .—Cp. Cor. e. 15, 5 oi S’ ev i]\LKLq. twv warpi- kLwv, 8 tl wep 9jv 4v rrj wbXa pdXiora yavpobpevov evyeveiq. Kai dvdovv oorpaKLopbs : tov 6. 16 3 & OTpaKOV : TOYCTp&KON TT&P" ofxeTAi 13 4 ; dywva wepi too 6. 14 2 8rav, quandocumquc 8 4 , 30 3 ; quandoquidem 13 12 6 Ve 10 5 , 17 1 ; c. opt. 8 3 ; eoriv 8Te = evioTe 3 2 , 24 3 ; fjv 8re 15 3 8 ti, quia 4 4 , 23 3 , 29 3 .— quod 6 2 ; (j>7]oiv Sn 8 6; iSLSaoKe rbv Srjpov otl 12 3 , 22 I, 23 I, 24 I 2 4 , 30 3 , 33 2 , 34 2 , 38 2 , 4 ovx — ov—ovx 12 3 ; oo—06 39 3 . —06 redundant with ds after a verb of disputing or denial dvriXiywv ws 06 wew- rwKe 8 4 ; transposed 10 5 06 p.r)v 4 2 , 35 4 , 36 4 .—06 p.7]v —obSbv 25 2 .—oil p.r\v aXXd 8 4, 10 5, 29 5 ovSb in a clause after oiire — obre 39 1 ; oiidi, ne—guides u 2 2 , 13 5 , 19 4 , 28 2 ; ovSb yap, neque enivi 8 6 oi’Sds 38 4 ; 06. wddos 10 6 ; ou. wpiowpovopa 19 4 ; ovSevbs (neut.) twv ToioiiTwv 34 1 , 16 4 ; obv oo. KaLpip I 82 ; obSiv 7 5 ; wpbs oiiSev xpl’M-eoos 34 4 ; oiiSev tolovtov 37 5 -—oboev (adv.) dwtoiKev 8 2 ; oiiSIv ti pciXXov, nihilo magis 30 1 ovSiwore 36 5 oiiSiww 29 I ookItl 7 6 , 15 2 , 38 4 ovp.bs crasis for 6 ipbs 28 4 obv vi consecutiva post pri- mum yocabulmn 2 4 , 4 2 , 9 INDEX IV GREEK 277 1, 23 2 , 25 3 ; rt odv 35 2 ; post alterum : rrco s &/> oSv 10 5 ; dts ftp ovv 29 2 ; o5v 30 2 oi/crta : oi’i. 15 5 otfre—oifre—ot)5e 39 I ; oiire — oilre — re 18 I ; oiire — re 35 3 oSros : aSrai at acre at Xeyovrac 32 3 ; aSrat at apx a ^ 9 3 ; rots 5r jpcbSecrc rodrocs crrtx‘51ots30 4 o£!rw Si), sic, turn demum, 7 2 ; ourws rjSr] 32 2 ; rrvvBavdpevov oilrco 4 2 ; oilrcos epcorcovra 24 6 ; oifrto rrcos 31 2.— oilrcos [tarn) evpevts ijdos 39 1 ; /caXu/s oilrco \pdXXcov 1 5- — oiirws — coerre 2 2, 84 ? 24 7) 31 3 ; oi/rco — tl/s 7 5 - — usque adeo 13 3 12 6ecXecv : rt ov dvaccbv Scs icpec- Xovacv 17 I ; xPVP-dr cov °^ K 6cXr]- rcKbv ecs drjpia KaravaXloKovras dvdpcoTrocs depecXbpevov 1 I ocpdaXpis : dcpBaXpcp 1 3 6xXck6s, multitudini gratus: 6. (SajjUoXoxtas 5 I $xXos: dpyod 6. 11 5 > & v 75 4 ; rbv air b rrjs x^P as 34 4 ; rbv dvavaov 6. 12 5 > r6v OprcKbv ' 6 . kuI cSccorrjv 12 7 dxvpb s : ■prriiBri rod rr. 36 5 ; rrpbs ovSiv iKrapa.TTop.tvr] rrados 5 I. — affectus: re. copov 10 6; iScov 7 T. 28 3 ; rravrodarrcov rr. 15 4 ; opyrjs dXXcov re rr. 39 3 i Tots rcov crcopdrcov rr. 38 2 ; rpv irepi rot ij8p /cal rr. piffoSov 15 4 .—in sensu rerum exter- narum : /carat rrddos rrjs rrXpyrjs 1 2 rracSca : pera rracScas 8 3 , 24 4 rracScov : rracSca 1 I rracScaKp : rracdcaKas eracpovaas 24 3 rraL^ecv : trainee rrpbs avrbv 13 6 rracs : n. KaXbv 8 5 ; tvpXlKocs rr. 16 4 ; rr. yvpecovs 37 3 ; rr. ccrovs 25 I tta'Aa 1 13 6 rraXaiecv: rraXacec (UXrcov 8 4 ; Hrav KarapdXco rraXalcov 8 4 rra.Xa.c6s : e/c rr. 9 3 ; rbv rr. HXfiov 12 I ; rcov rr. let Scov 24 2 7 rdXcv, contra 37 5 . — rursus : 3 4 , 13 6 , 21 2 , 22 2 , 24 6 7 raXXa/C77 : tTaXAakhn 24 6 273 LIFE OF PERICLES naXXaAi, pellcx: tXov n. 24 7 nap-noXvs : napnoXXa 14 I nav-riyvpiKbs : Slav n. 11 4 nav-ovpyos : n. fliopoXoxlas 5 I navrd-naaiv : 6XLya n. 8 5 ; w. XvBdapr 15 I ; n. riypiorB-qaav 33 3 ; n. iKXlnoi 37 2 ; oil 7 r. apyQs 2x uv 16 3 7 rai'-reXuis 3 KaTeKXdaBrjaav 26 I irtxvTp 8 1 (ex Platone pli.), 106, 13 12 navro-danbs : n. ipyaalas 12 4 ; n. naBQv 15 4 navTois 5 4 ndvv : noXXa n. 32 3 ; n. noXXCtv 37 3 ; Kal n. npo- Bvpoir 25 3 ■rrapa : A. w. Gen. of person, from whom anything pro¬ ceeds : icpoira SlKa TaXavTa napd too TleparXlovs 23 I ; ra peu Tjpuv Trap’ irtpuv inrapxe-v fiovXbpeda 2 3 .— B. w. Dat. indicates that something is done in the immediate vicinity of some one, or in his mind, apud : Trap’ auToXs 1 I ; £re/oe tt. Tip YlepiKXeX flavBinnov 24 5 > nap’ ip ytvoiTo to appeXov 6 2 ; pbyiarov Trap’ auTip Swtj- Bds 31 2 ; pd^ova Tiprjv tax* tt. rois rroXiTais 33 I ; Si'/cas XafieXv Kal Sovvai t rap’ avroh 25 I ; 7r. Hv0OK\dSri pov- aiKpv SianovpBrjvai 4 I.—C. w. Acc. I. Local: 1. ‘near,’ ‘beside,’ ‘at’: tt. ras Qpia- ala s 7 TilXas 30 3 ; rrapa tt)v yrjv abTT}v naparpepbpevov 27 4 ; tt. t8v fiiopbv 13 8 .— Trap’ iX&XiaTov XjXBe . . . dipeXbaBai 28 6 .— 2 . praeter, contra, ‘ beyond,’ ‘ contrary to ’ : tt. Tpv avTOV (pbaiv 7 2 ; tt. to. KOiva Slwaia Kal roils tipKovs 29 4 ; fhaaBrjuai tt. yviiprjv 335 .— 11 . Temporal: ‘dur¬ ing’ : tt. tt]v 81kt]v 32 3 . Cp. Alex. c. 52, 5 irapa. SeXirvov Xbywv &vTwv, Cat. mi. c. 37, 4 irXlov pt]Slv bj3op tols iroXeplois 35 I ; iXirlSa Trapaax o ^ cav <*>s aXoxropipyp 35 3 ; iis py ■rroXXd irpdypara irapix 01 - 16 3 ; /3oydei.ar . . . irpbfatTiP irap- eoXVKus 29 3 ; rots tpcXoob- (pors ov cpavXop virlp avrys iraplax e Xbyov 24 1 . — per- mittere, copiam facere: r

7r - ^Xaucpppltf. 5 2; tt. rbv xpbvov 18 I ; tt. rixvpv, w. X e ?P a 12 4 ; w. aKplj3eiav\6 5 ; tt. 84-pc tiv 16 7 ; it. rfXiKlav Kal rpiicnv 12 7 ; ava wav Pros 30 3 , 31 3 ; wdvres opaXQs 10 2 ; wavres waavru s 31 I ; wdvToiv 8 I, 11 2 ; it . Xipivoiv 29 4 ; warn (masc.) rols rexvirais 13 9 , 38 4 ; tram (neut.) tocs HXXois 4 4 ; tt. "EXXijyas 17 1 ; robs iv riXei 7 T. 2 3 ; KaraXafiwv wdvra i/nrXaKa'is 33 5-—c. art. 4k roO 7 t. dyydov 6 2 wa vov 32 I ; 7t. rrjv oLKoSoplav 13 7- —ill. as a periphrasis for the simple genitive: y it. rbv /31op S 6 £a 15 5 j y to5s filov s apaypaipy 2 3; Ty n. t6p /Slop KaTCUTKevrj 8 I ; tovs 7t. avrop iralpovs 16 I ; /3a- pvTipas 7T. avrbp virepoxys 16 I ; y it. t6p oIkop SvctvxIo- 37 5 ; ra it. ttjp Slairap 7 4 , 16 4 . Cp. Schafer ad Dion. Hal. p. 23, D’Orville ad Char. p. 552. — it. to.s Siu^eis dirapahyTOP 10 7 ; tois 7r. ra Olio. Saipopuai 6 I ; 7 r. top Xbyor ebXajii)S 8 4 , 13 7 I irpayp.aTevop.ipov ir. 4>0i(36.\iT0 38 4 irepi-fibyTos : tois it. otixiSIols 30 4 irepL-fioXy: KaTaaroXy irepifioXys 5 1 irepL-ylypeirdai c. gen. : irepi- yepioOai 27 I ; iraPTbs SyKov irepiyepicrOai 7 5 irepi-eipai, superesse: ol irepi- Aptc s 38 3 irepi-tx* lv • 3Xlop rbr lie pi- KXiovs (Hop irepUxop 2 4 . — PASS, cingi: ai eUbres avTou Kpapeai irepiixoPTai 2 3 2 Tepi-iiTTaoOai : els fra irepurTy- aerai t 6 Kparos 62 ;^ irelpa Tepiiory els toOpoptIop 33 I irepi-Kad-yoQai : wepiKadypePoi ( v. I .) 38 3 irepi-ieXipys 1 : Ty ipiipei irepi- kXipAs 13 5 irepi-Kbirreip-, ‘to curtail’: wepi- iKOTTTe Typ iroXvirpaypoaOpyp 21 I irepi-Xapirecrdai : iponl KaOapu irepiXapiropepop 39 3 irepl-Xonros, superstcs: top it. tup yryolup 36 4 irepi-oiKeiP : tois irepiOLKodm fiap- pdpois ’iOrem 20 I irepi-irlirTeip : viroipia irepureaelp TvpapplSos 7 3 ; iroXXol ctvko- (paPT-qpam irepiimiTTOP 37 3 irepi-irXeiP : oi irepiirXioPTes rijp IleXoirippyaop 34 2 ; irepi- irXeOiras JleXoirbppyaop 19 2 irepi-ppelp : ovbepos irepippeopros 16 4 irepi-Teixl^eiP : Trepierei'xife 27 I irepi-TiOipai : to xP vYcirrwMeNOi oAy'nmc 30 4 ttU^hv : 67 rlefc tpffbvLprbv 4>ei5lao 31 4 Tn.da.vos : mdav&v, vcrisimilc 26 I TridrjKos : rivva 7 tlO^koiv 1 I Tn.va.KLOV, t6 30 I TTLTrpa.aK€LV : robs Kaptrovs eirl- irpaOKe 16 4. —PASS, iirpddy- aav aXivres 37 4 irliTTeiv ; irbiTToiKe 8 4 ; ’diretre 13 8 ; Httolt ov 10 2 ; iv ry p-axv TreaivTos 24 7 inaTedeLv : TTLarevaeLe 10 6 ttIcttis too avSpis 15 5 ; fri /adfova ttIotlv £ rys tt. 1 2 ■n-Xydos, ‘ a great number of people’: virb TrXydovs ypavpu- pdovs 11 2 ; too xcopin/coo 7 r. ‘ the country population ’ 34 3 ; rb irdv 7r. 27 2 .—to irXrjdos = dy/j.os, plcbs: avvSe- Kaaas rb tt. 93 ; irapioiv eh rb tt. 7 5 .—‘number in the abstract ’ : pbpioL rb it. 37 4 . —‘quantity,’ ‘amount’: ir. SaKpvuv 36 5 ; tt. /ca/das 39 5 ; tCov Tpowatwv to tt. 38 3 ; rb tt. xpVP-d-T w 22 3 70X770 : 1 . as Prep. w. gen. 8 5 . — 2 . as Adv. at beginning of sentence, ceterum 31 1 , 34 I ; for wXyv 8 tl 7 4 ; TrXyv Stl 35 2 ttXt ipovv : od ttettXt ipwKbra ryv fidoLV 62 ; vavs iirXypovST) I.— PASS. TrewXypupivuv r pbirtfv irrolrffTtv 11 2 . — with acc. and inf. rb ptv 8r/pov iirolrftre KaXeladai 11 3 . —- PASS. atfpelov elvai tlvo s Trewolrfrcu 6 4 . — -(c) ‘to com¬ pose ’: rdvairaiaTa iroLrfaavTos 33 7 . —‘to represent’ in por¬ traiture : Trfv irpbs ’Apafbvas pdxtfv ev tjj cnjircdi ttolojv 31 4 ; inpoetry: it vv6o.v6p.evov a vtov Tiva ireiroltfirev 4 2 ; ireiroitfKev avrbv ovtojs ipojTOjvra 24 6 . — 2. iroLe’iv tlvo, with an accusa¬ tive of the predicate: aadevrj ttollov Ttfv Kaidav 39 5 > TTOLOumv eppiadov ttjv ttoXlv 12 4 ; rtfv 7 to\lv 8 k peydXtfS peyiaTtfv rroLtfaas 15 5 ; pel- £ova rtfv ovaia.v ovk irrohfaev 15 5 ; tt]v irpoauvopiav ttolclv dvetricpBovov 39 2 . — MID. iSlav ipavrov TTOL'qaop.o.L rtfv em- ypatp-qv 14 I ; irdaav v

o'poyc axt^c Te rro'AeiC 16 2 ; rats 'EAAijtdtrt ir. 20 1 , 24 2 ; Siekidg Kara irokeis 22 3 . —for aicpbirokis : £v Trj ir. 3 4 , 32 2 , 37 I ; rgv ir. 12 2 ; iKdcrpgire ri)v ir. 82. — civitas: iv rfj ir. 11 I, 25 2 ; rijs ir. opakgs yevopivgs 15 I ; rgs ir. dva- 6(1(71)1 iavrgv iKdvrp 32 3 iro\(Tela: 1 . civitas: ol pelvavres iv rrj ir. 37 4. — civitatis forma et ordo: ir. Apurra KeKpapivgv Kariargaev 3 I.—• 2. adininistratio publica: owTgpiov ipvpa rgs ir. 39 5 ; pro .s ciKpfi ir. 13 I ; avdobcrgs £v it. 11 I, 18 3 , 33 7, 38 3 ; crvyKivSvvebcra s rois ir. 10 1 ,19 4 ; irapa rots ir. 33 1 , 35 1 ; robs ir. 26 2 , 28 4 , 37 3 ito\itik 6 s )( irokepiKbs 11 2 .— ‘ a practical statesman ’: ir. )( daopgriKov cpikoaocpov 16 6 ; ffoipgv Tiva Kal ir. 24 3 ; rtop ir. rot)s irpoiTeiovras 24 I.—neut. rwr ir. ot)5^r iirpar- Tev 7 I ; twv ir. dkeiirTgs Kal SiSdaKakos 4 I iroWaKLS 1 4 iroXkaxov 8 I TTOAYTP^MM&TOC i. q. ariy- parlas 26 4 iroki-eSpos 1 : irokieSpov (de Odeo) 13 5 irokv-irpaypoveiv, investigarc : pi) irokvirpaypovqoas 23 I irokv-irpaypocrbvg : rgv ir. 21 I irokv-irpdypwv : ir. ilyAou 11 5 iro\is : ir. xpbvtp 13 2 ; 7 r. XP° V0V 13 3 , 15 2 ; rijs irapaklas irokkgv 19 3 ; ir. laxiv 15 I ; Xaipav ir. 34 2 ; ir. virepoflav 53 ; ir. ikevdeplav 7 6 ; ir. wplrgra 28 I ; ir. adgkirgra 28 6 ; irokkol tGiv (ptkojv ixbpwv 33 6 ; Akkoi ir. 9 I ; irokkol tCjv irokiT&v 11 4 ; ir. Kayadol twv irokiruiv 18 3 ; irokkwv opov 34 4 ; irokkal irdvv SlKai 37 3 ; 7 rpc) iravo ir. xP° vuv 37 3 ; ir. (neut.) irpoabvTOiv Tip dvSpL 82 ; ir. kacpbpwv 9 4 ; Akkois ir. 21 1 ; 7T. /cat dyadois birklrais 22 2 ; xP^P- a<71 ir. 28 1 ; irokkois twv irevgrwv 16 6, 24 4 ; ir. INDEX IV GREEK 285 SiaSoxais Kai yAiKlais 13 I ; n. avTuv avSpas iroWas Si vavs 26 2 ; n. Kai dyaffobs noAiras 28 4 ; ir. Kal ayadobs onAlras 35 I ; 7 r. tpuvds 8 3 ; 7 T. &\\a (raAavTa) 25 2 ; n. ndvv SaKpva 32 3.-01 noAAol, qdcbs: tuv n. 7 2 , 13 11 , 15 2 , 36 1 ; tois 7 r. 10 3 , 19 4 ; to us n. 4 1 , 7 3 , 34 1 , 36 3 ; ra 7 r. rut/ iyK.ATyj.aTuv 29 5 . — noAu adv. 8 I .—ra 7 roXXa, plerumque 7 2 , 15 3 , 27 4 noAS-orvAos : noAvarvAov (de Odeo) 13 5 noAv-TeAys : 1. dc persona : yevbpuvov noAvreArj )( avTovp- ybv 9 I ; yvvaiKl it. 36 1 . — 2. de re : AiOovs it. 12 2 noAS-Texvos : 7 r. vnodiaeis (pyuv 12 ? TTOpiTT] : Tird 7T. 11 4 nopinbs : nopinoL 12 6 7 roVos : Tor tr tois axpr/arois n. 2 l • b Tip n. npoSaveioOds Xpovos 13 2 novTonopdv 3 26 3 nbvros : tSv 'i^u it. 26 I nopela, inccssus : npaorqs nopelas 5 I nopebeadai : nopeubpevos ini ttjv S rjpiayuylav 33 6 ; oSov pilau nopevbpievos 7 4 ; in' Oiraiovs inopebovro 17 3 7 ropBeiu : inbpdyae 19 3 iropvT) : to THC no'pNHC k&ko'n 24 6 ; no'pNHN . . . TTo'pNA 30 4 irbppu 9aAd.TTr)S 19 3 ; nop- pUTCLTU 26 I nbppudev, iampridcm 36 1 -ttotI, aliquando 5 2 , 6 2 , 8 5 , 13 2; TTOTe MEN — TTOT 6 Ke 3 4 7 rbrepov — ij 8 4 ; 7 r. f)— ij 36 3 noTvidaSat 1 — picV olpuyijs iKeTevuu (Hesycliius) : inor- viuvto jrpos to bs AaKeSai- pioviovs 29 4 wotos, 6 , potatio: 'iv tivl it. 1 5 nobs: {k noSuv ( e conspcctu) yevopiivov 39 4 . Cp. Pyrrli. c. 27, 5 fV noSuv obtra Kad’ iavT-qv npaypw. : npoaneabvTos too n. 16 7 > (ni naurl n. 7 5 ; to. 7 r. 39 4 ; 7 t . TyAwavTa 10 5 , 15 I ; tuv too Sypiov n. 6 3 ; Tyu evpoiav tuv n. 20 3 ; rrj yvutrei tuv n. 13 12 ; tuv n. avruv 9 I ; tuv n. iKdvuv 27 3 ; pieyaAuv n. 17 I ; iv n. peyaAois 32 3 . — -for tuna : iv oiKiq. pieydArj Kal n. aipObvois 16 4 .- —respublica 33 6 , 37 2 , 39 4 ; tois 7 r. 39 5 . — ncgotia: iv n. noAAots 39 i. — molcstia: us piTj 7roXXa npdypara dax°' Aoupiivip napixoi 16 3 ; 07ro tuv n. 'qnoprjpitvov 3 4 npaypiarda 1 : iripas icrri n. 6 4 , 39 4 npaypiaTebeb oppiT] npbs t6 npa^ai 1 4 ; 286 LIFE OF PERICLES irpaijai to. irpos Haplovs 24 I. — l’ASS. eirpdxBr) ovSiv 17 3 ; rb irpaxdbv 1 4 ; tois irpa-X' 8eip- paXovs irpavvovros 29 5 irpdws Kal aioiirij 34 I irptweiv : irpoawvvplav irpb- irovaav 39 2 ; Toiabrr)s Tip paKapUp Siayoiyps paXiara xpeirobar)S 39 3 irpeajiela : irpeapelai cupiyp^vijs 30 I ; irpeafieiCiv irepiropivoiv 29 5 irpeaf3evTr)s, legatus : tCiv irpitr- (leajv tlvA 30 I rrpecByreNHC Kpo'noc 3 3 7r pecrpvTepos 36 I ; robs ir. 9 2 irpetr^vTijs, senex: ir. cpaXaKpov 31 4 irpiv ipfiaXeiv 33 2 ; irpiv ye Sr/ airol3aXeiv 36 4 irpb Local : ir. too relxovs 26 I ; ir. rrjs 6\peois 31 4 , 35 2 . — Temporal: ir. irdvo 7roXXuy xpbvuv 37 3 irpo-dyeiv : Xo'rolCI TTpOArei (Zpyov) 13 S- — PASS, bir' bKelvov iirl KXppovxlo .1 irpo- axdvvai 9 I irpo-ayopeveiv : irporiyopevoev (post-classical form) 34 2 ; irpoeiire 33 2 irpo-aipeais (=f3ovXevTiKr) ope^is tuv i(f> ijpiv Aristot.) : r^v it. ira.pexbp.evoi/ 2 3 . — ‘a deliberate course of action,’ ‘ policy ’ : rij s iv rrj iroXireia ir. 10 6; SppoTiKijs Kal apiaro- KpariKijs ir. 11 3 irpo-fialveiv : ovk civ els pijKos Toaovrov iroXepov irpoii(3i]crav 34 2 irpo-fiaWeiv, proicere: irpo- [iaXeiv &Ki]5evTa to. owpara 28 2. — MID. vbpov Tivd irpo- fiaXXoptvov 30 I.—PASS. publice creari: biro roO Srjpov irpofiefiXifpevos 10 5 irpofiaTO - KaiTrj\os : tov ir. 24 4 irpo-fiXiipa : ipvpaai Kal ir. 19 I irpo-fioXr) : tijv it. 10 5 irpo-Savel^eadai : 6 rip iruvio irpoSaveiodels xpbvos 13 2 irpo-8i86vai, proicere : obSb irpoiiSoiKe rb cppbvrjpa 36 4 irpo-eiireiv 6 3 ; irpoeiire 33 2 irpo-dupeiaBai : paxeadai irpo- Bvpovpbvovs 27 2 rrpo-dvpla : avaSoais Kivovoa irpodvplav Kal bppr)v iirl tt)v Qopoluxnv 2 2; & ^rjXbv nva Kal ir. ipiroiei 1 4 irpbdvpos : irpodiipbraros 13 8 irpo-6vpws 25 3 irpo-ibvai (irpoeipi) progredi: irporjXOov 33 3 ; irbppw BaXdr- tt)s irpoeXSdiv 19 3. —e domo cxirc, prodire in publicum: irpoeXdeiv 27 4, 37 I irpo-Uvai ( irpob)pi). — MID. in potesidtem tradere, arbitrio alicuius pemittere : arpaTi]- ylav irpo'iepbvqv ra irpdyp.aTa Tois iroXeplois 33 6 irpo-laraaBat : ov Koaplov irpo- etTTUxrav ipyaalas 24 3 irpo-KaXeiaBai : irpoKaXovpbvoLS 22 2 irpo-Keiadai : rr/v irpoKeipbvr)v Xpelav 8 4 irpo-pavreia : Ti]v ir. 21 2 irpo - pi)Ki)% : irpop-qKi) rp Ke- (paXy 3 2 irpo-iripweiv, coinitari, de- ducere: ’Ava^ayopav irpoxi- irep\f/ev iK Trjs irbXews 32 3 irpo-iroXepeiv : irpoiroXepovvTes abruiv 12 3 irpo-irbXaios : ra IT. 13 7 irpbs: A. w. Dat. : 1. ‘at,’‘near,’ 287 INDEX II ‘ hard by,’ denoting close local proximity, always of things not men : ra ir. daAaooi] 20 2 ; ir. rd 5Le/3oi)6i] ir. robs Iktos 19 2 ; ir. rbv vlbv ehrev 1 5 ; rb rov A px^bxov ir. avrrjv elireiv 28 GREEK 5 ; etrorviCivro ir. robs Aa/ce- Saipovlovs 29 4 . — Hence generally of all sorts of personal intercourse, crga, in, cum: SeaAAayijv at ir. avrovs 29 5 > ipwrudi ns aydirrjoes ir. ’ Aoiraolav 24 5 ; iroAAi] ijv ebvoea rip Klpeovos oiieip ir. AaieeSaepovlovs 29 2 ; dvijneorov ir. rbv irarbpa 81 a- b[3ovs paAaivAaiCAopa6eb) ir. ra pijSepias d£ia oirovSrjs 1 2 ; ir. rooabnjv exeyyvov iiyepovlav 37 I ; Xprioipurarovs ir. rijv 7roXi- reiav 36 4 ; to it. Sb^av oepvbv 7 5 ; eiroAirebero ir. X^pev 11 4 ; xp&pevos abijj (rfj Sr/paywylg.) ir. to fbeAn- orov dpdfi 15 2 ; ir. ri ybyove rb ogpebov 6 3 ; eavrov ir. ras p.eydAas ypcias iiriotoovs 288 LIFE OF PERICLES 7 5 ) ydov gopoTa i 9 elpeiv : TrpoaSItpdei.- pev 35 3 irpoa-boKav : irpouSoKCivTOS 10 2 irpoa-elv at i.q. UTrdpxeiv ■ Sirov ppbbv avTip irpbaeoTiv iSiov ird9os 28 3 ; ttoWQv irpoobv- tojv rip dvSpl 8 2 ; yhows irpoobvTos avTip Xapirpov 7 I irpoo-epyd!peo9ai, opcri aliquid addere : irpov wporjrvy- Xavovruv 1 2 wpbaTos\ pL^xpL vvv wpoaeparov tCTL 13 2 wpoa-ftpeiv, adhibcrc : ipdppaKa wpotripepovTa owTqpia 15 3 . — PASS, accedere: t 6 v wb\epov Kadopav wpoatpepbpevov 8 5 ; vediv ewiKOvpuiv w poa (pepopivoiv 26 i. — mid. se gercre : rats 7 roXecri wpoaqvex^V a/3ttp wpo0a\pip xp^ a 7r - 1 3 ! TO TTpo'ccJjOpON 8 I wpoo-wvvpla : Tqv w. 8 3, 39 2 wpba-uwov : wpoohwov awratrts 5 1 wpbrepov (adv. ) 11 2 , 13 8 ; rots 7 r. evTvxias 18 2 , 19 3 , 20 2 , 24 5 7 , 26 2 3 , 34 4 , 37 2 , 39 5 ; wp. r) as wpuiTebovras 24 I wpCbrov (adv.) 9 1 , 13 6 , 26 4 ; wpuTOv plv wpos 5e tovtois 36 3 ; wpCirov pev—dra 22 I; w. U piv without tweiTa following 4 2, 34 3 ; to w. 17 3, 33 4 wpCiTos, primus : to. w. 24 4 ; prineeps 4 4 ; ybvovs toO w. 3 I ; toO w. avdpbs 9 I ; '\0qvaioiv wpCjTov 24 4 : rut v w. 25 I ; rows w. 28 5 wv\q : wapa ras Opiaaias 7r. 30 3 wvvdavetrdai, pcrcontari : wvv- dai’bpevos wepl e kclittov 3 4 ; wvvOavbpevov aiiTOv Tiva ovtlo 4 2 ; wvvOavopivov worepov 8 4 . — compcrirc: wv0bpevos ttj v trvpjpopdv 27 I wvpbs, triticum : wvpuv peSip- vovs 37 3 wvpcrbs, fax : . erepovs 7 5 pi pa : q p. too Keparos 6 2 .- — Cp. Fab. Max. c. 6, 6 wvpov- pevov t 6 Ktpas &XP 1 SibdwKe T-rj aapd rqv aiadqmv powri, inclinatio, momentum : ioawep ewi pvyovpowqv iwoiqcrev II 2 pdipr ): vwo p. Kai tj!jxV^ ewaipo- pivujv 20 2 ; rots lx ovai pibpqv 12 5 290 LIFE OF PERICLES puvvbvai 1 , conjirmarc : tppuaev evavSpiif. ras 7 t 6 X«s 19 I. — PASS, eppwpbvqv volvtlkji Svva- pei vijaov 29 I adp.ai.va-, navigii genus Samii: aapaivav 26 3 aavi s : aavlai irpoadiqaas 28 2 aaTvpiKbs 1 , ‘low,’ ‘vulgar’: a. pbpos 5 4 .—‘lewd’ : avdpu- 7roes a. tols fiiois 13 II. Cp . Cat. ilia. c. 7, 1 aaTvpucbv Kal vf}piaTT]v tois bvTvyxd- vovai cpaivbpevov adri’pos : B&ClAey CATYPOON 33 7 aa 29 3- — PASS. eVi Kvrrpov ureAAo- pevos 26 I arbpyeiv uxorem : ttjv 'Aawa- aiav baTep^e Siafapbvrus 24 5 arepebs : to Kepas a. TretpvKo s 6 2 INDEX IF GREEK 291 aritpavo s : eincpepur Tip reKpip orecparor 36 5 ; d^ia areipd- voir 28 4 ; crTecpdrois arbSovr 28 4 opd : TTjV cr. 27 I ; tS>v crwelxtro if X“P a 19 2 pa- Kovtnoi ad pa Trjs 'Apxi-PvSovs rrapaoKtvrjs fjoav, 17 5£ Kivovaa iravra Kal arpitpovaa ’pvxv pta: Arist. c. 1 , 4 top Xbyov, darrep Stirtpov adpa Kal rdv KaXCov opyavov, e^r)pTvero. ] — vita: drptiSrjaas toO a. 10 2 1 ToiTripia operis : ttj cr. toO yevopivov 13 2 ; awTrjplav reip. 3 1 cnoTTjptos, salutaris 19 4 ; awT-q- pios yevopivT) (airois) 19 I ; cr. fpvpa Trjs rroXiTeias 39 5 ; cr. tpdppaKa 15 3 ad-tppoiv : aKoXaoTOV avrl cr. 9 I ; dvSpa cr. 11 1 T Taivla : artcpdvoLs aviSovv sal t. 28 4 TaXaVTOv 25 2 ; oc'/ca rdXavra 23 I ; TaXdvToiv 23 1 raX-pBis crasis iovTbdX-qdis 13 12 T&XXa for toc dXXcc 7 5 , 20 2 , 33 2 T&MTT&XIN for TO. iprraXiv 16 2 rdvairaiard for tcc a. 33 7 Ta£cs : tocs irepl rpv Siairav eripav t. irriBpicev 7 4 raireivos: 1 . de re : ?/ avrovpyla rdv t. 2 I ; tt)p Kasiav aaBevrj Kal t. rroidv 39 5-—2. de homine : aytvvovs Kal r. ttjv pO viTO\p'ia TVpawi- Sos 7 3 ; KOTiXvoe TTjv r. 3 I Tvpavvos : lloXvKpdrovs tov t. 26 4 ; WeioiOTpaTip Tip r. 7 I l MepCTON TYPANNON 3 3 ; TiprjoiXetoV Tvpavvov 20 I ; oi t. 20 2 ; ttoXXCiv r. 15 5 Tvo s, fastus: SoijOKowiav re Kal t. cirroKaXovvTas 5 4 tvxv da.vpa.OTTj ovppdoa. 13 7 ; dirb t. 19 4; Ttov iK Tqs r. ayadtov 2 3 ; ov tvxvv ovS’ 296 LIFE OF PERICLES avayKrjv 4 4 ; xP^^^cpovs T - XaprTptj. 18 1 ; 7 rp 6 s Ti>xv v Koiva 38 4 TtoAeloN crasis for to uSet op 13 6 T vfipijieoBai Seipt/p ii/Hpip 12 2 vfipis : SeiprfP v. 12 2 vypbs, facilis : to Kipupos o. 5 3 oi 6 s: too otoo 13 11 ; t8p vliv 1 5 ; tup viup 29 3 ; tup yv-q- aiup viup 36 1 4 ; tois vital. 15 5 vXq, materies 12 6 ; Trjs ^ktAs ii. 16 6 vb-rrpippos 4 rads 26 3 vir-aKOVEip : keXev8pepoi oiix viryKOvov 24 I V 7 r-dpxtiv 2 3 , 8 6 , 10 4 ; tup vrrapxbvTUP 21 I vw-elkelp : pq.810 s 0. 15 2 inr-etvai : iirrrjp 30 2 ; 'pyxH Ae Te'AHTOC ynecTiN 33 7 vTr-evavTLodaOai : virevavTioi- pepos ekeLpois 21 I ; inryvav- Tiuidr] rots Xoyiapots 34 2 ; vwEvavTioidtvToiv 17 3 virtp : I. w. Gen. pro, ‘ for’ i.e. for one’s safety or advantage, with verbs of doing or say¬ ing : Tots v. Trjs rrarplSos arrodavovaip 8 6 ; SiSbpat t6.\o.vtov v. iauToO 25 2 ; acpEIs v. avri)s 8 a.Kpva 32 3 ; 0 . ai'Trjs Trjs t&Xeus pdx r i v avva\pai 33 4 ; rpbiraia iarq- cev v. rrjs rrbXews 38 3 . —loco v. nomine alicuius : 0. Trjs EAAaSos 17 I. — for rrepi, ‘ concerning ’ : ouk oXiyop v. ai'Trjs rraplaxE Xbyop 24 I II. w. Acc. i. q. rrtpa, supra, ‘beyond,’ ‘more than’: tup v. rrEPTTjKOPTci try ye- yovbTuv 17 2 vrrEp-/3d\\cod (ppbpqpa 38 I vrrep-tx el - v '■ darrlSa Trjs KEcpaXrjs inrepexbrTiop 27 4 inTEp--q b. rrXqdovs qpavpu- pipovs t8 a^iupa 11 2 ; rots EiaipEpofxtpoLS 07r’ ai'Trjs 12 2 ; ii. tup larpup arreypu- aptvos 13 8 ; KaTEOKEvaapepos v. too TLEpiuXtovs 16 5> 24 3 ; tt]p dya.7rup.EPqp vrr' aiiTov 24 7 ; 0 . too MeXtcrcroo qTTqdrjpai 26 3 ; TToXEpOVptPOLS 0 . K opivdiup 29 I ; brrus 0 . IlepiKXeovs airoTeBetep oi Xoyot 32 2 , 34 3 ; 6 . too Sap&imrov Siaa-rraprjpaL 36 3 , 37 I : t6p INDEX IV GREEK 297 vopov vn’ ai'TOv Xi’df/vai 37 5 \ v. tuiv yvvaudbv nepnjpTTjpevov 38 2 . — ( b ) with the gen. of the tiling : v. puipys sal Tiixv$ bnaipopivuiv 20 2 ; in r’ ovSevbs IKivpdrj tuiv tolovtuiv 34 I ; ii0’ (ipdopas) to. auipara Kaieovpevoi 34 3 ; adiKTOv v. tov xpbvov 13 3 ; 4v 1 iXXiov alnuiv 6 nSXepos 29 5 ! yevbpievov aKoXanrov v. rw Tore noXi- Tevpdreiv 9 1 ; ixp’ f )s (sc. ipiXapyvpias) aiaxpds e^bneae 22 3. — 3. after verbal substantives : v. rod npunov avbpos apxv v 9 I 11. the proximate cause, or the agency of feelings, passions etc., prae, propter : v. tuiv npaypdruiv gn opr]- pivov 3 4 ; !'’ ijs (eXer- depias) R-vpp'itxavTa. 7 6 ; inr' opyrjs ko. 1 (ppovr/paTOs bia- paxovpbvuiv 33 3 ; ttjv x^po-v a npoOSwKe rb (ppbvr/pa v. tuiv avpipopuiv 36 4. B. w. Dat. sub: i' pbv deuiprjaai 6 3 ; tt}s vnoKeipdvrji (quae adcrat) iiyepovias 20 3 imo-peveiv, remanere: vnbpeive sar' ayopdv 5 2 . —tolerare : TavTijv vnopevoi tt)v dj3e\- Teplav 38 2 ; Xoibopovpevos vnepeive 5 2 iinb-voia, suspitio: ttjv v. 32 1 vno - nipnXaadai : perapaioXe- axius imonipnXdpevos 5 I imo-noieiv 1 : vnonoiovarjs rlva f ij\ov 5 4 . — mid. clam, sensim sibi conciliare: vn- enoieiro tov bijpov 9 2 im-oppuibeiv : yncoppcbAei 24 6 i’no-cnjpaiveiv, latentcr signifi- care: 5iaecrdai, glisccrc : tov 7 rdKepov vnoTiepopevov e^e- Kavaev 32 3 vnb-Tvipos 1 2 : opiXiav i<. 5 3 i ! 7 r-oi>Xos : Siw\6ti tis v. 11 3 vno-xeiadai : fia < pa'meaOai : (painercu iq ayd- iryais yei’opin-q 24 5 ; icpdnq yenopenq 39 5 ; Kopcpov tov \6y ov ipanenros 30 1 ; otlSeis /3apos fyun ecpainero 37 I ; ti2 11. beinbn icpalnero 33 4 ; irdn to cpambpenon 1 2 ; to. paXiara cpambpena 7 5 ; irpCv- tov en Hdpip cpanqna 1 26 4 ; cpo^epos (panels tois iroXepiois 19 4 ; onap cpaneiaa 13 8 ; cpaneiaqs 12 4 cpaXanpb s, calvus : irpecrfivTov cp. 31 4 C 4>&CI 4 2; & I e- peiN 8 3 .— affcrre: Tip pen cpdbnon Tip 50 fiXaacpqplan jfneyKen 13 9 ; peydXqn SA^an ■ifney/cen 18 3 ; qSonqn . . . Kbapov . . . iKTr\i)^LV ijveyxe 12 I. — solvere: ijneynan xpypaTa. 28 1 .—tolcrare : . 18 3 0 i'Xos : avSpbs s 7 5 . 26 2 ; rcDr dpoyc 16 2 5too KaT(\6wv ireiicni, 7 ] 22 3 ; to 0 btra tpiXy- tikov 1 I ; 0iVa Sarravypbs 36 I ; Traaav 0 . 12 7 j ’ n ’P a l- parovofj.tvov irepl rpvaiv 4 3 ; wapa ryv avroO dovip . . . dvpw 39 I. —abs. x aL P L ^ 0 P-^ V7 l 13 T 2 Xapis : tpywv popcprj dpipI/Tuv Kal x- 13 I ; X“P ls avdobays t 0 ’ wpap 7 roXtrei'as 16 2 ; XdpiP txovaa pera Sen 'ottjtos 24 2 ; e 7 roXiredcro irp 6 s X“P 11 ' 11 4 Xei'p : 7 -t}s x- 31 4 ; 81 a x el p 8 s (‘control ’) ^xtop tV 7 r 6 Xu/ 34 I ; wdirav x- Kivovaai 12 4 ; 81 ’ dpcportpiwv twv x- 31 4 ; Xafiovras els ras x- 35 4 ; ras X- KaOapas tx eLV 8 5 > avvaxpai eis X f lp as iroXXois 07rXi™is 22 2 Xeipioros : x- airta 31 2 Xeipo-ijSTjs Tip Sypip 15 2 Xeipovadou : 8xeipo0ro 15 3 , ^yeipwira™ 24 I XiXiot: x- Sutaorots 32 2 ; x- yevoptvovs 18 2 , 12 2 ; x- /cXt;/50i/xoi'S 11 5 ; t-rroiKovs x- 19 1 XiXio-T&XavTOS : vaobs x- 12 2 XXapijs : ttJs X- 35 2 ; ttjj' x- 35 2 X 0 X 1 J, yd: Tavra ibcrwep x°^V v TavSpi TTpoafitfiXTiKe 10 6 xopyyeTv 3 , suppeditare 14 2 ; yXicxp0s x o P r TY°^ VTK 36 1 Xopr/yia 1 2 : dXXais pu ifpbs ovSe v avdpunrois tooovtois X pupevos 34 4 ; § xP&P- ev °s ( depairelq. ) 13 8 ; it day XP W ~ pevovs j3Xaa biroTlptp ixpy aaT0 T ^ v 'Xoyt- aptbv 26 2 ; ixpuvro rij 6a- Xdaay 26 2 ; pyxa.va bellicis Xpyaaadat 27 3 .—c. dupl. dat. : rfi Xvpg. irapaKaXvp- part xp^pevos 4 2 ; xP^ 3 P LiV0V KXeavSptSy (ovp/3ovXip ) 22 2 ; Xpyo’ctcrdat 8x&PV (is dvytdoTtp 39 I ; ixPV T0 ( T V irXyOet) XP&- pevos airry (sC.Trj iroXtTdp) op6i j 15 2 .— with modal adverb : ‘ to treat so and so ’ : pivots Toirots airapatTyTois xPV ai *" pevos 23 2 ; xp 1 laapevos ioairep eyvuKet toTs Tiapiots 25 2 . — cxperiri: xpV ,ra P / h 0,15 ™Xy Xapwpq. 18 I ; paXaKtoTipots Xpyvovrai toTs 'AOyvaiots 33 1 Xpyatpos : xpi Satpov )( &xpyoTov 1 2 ; robs xPV cri P- UT °- TOl ’ s Ttpos ryv 7 roXtreiav 36 4 Xpoa, color 1 3 Xpovos 13 2 ; 7 roXXtp \P° V V 13 2 ; Sairdvy sat x- 27 I ; ev X • pyrtp 28 I ; tov aotpoiTarov ovpjiovXov x■ 18 2 ; irp'os iroXvv x■ 13 3 ; tov aXXov x- 13 7 ! tov x ■ hr lit pod 0 ovv r a ry yvtoaet 13 12 ; iravra tov X• 18 I, 19 2 ; tov x- tbvoT- pevos 23 I ; Tbv diravra X- opaXus 39 3 ; irXetaTov x- 8 4 ; irepl tovtov tov x• 32 I ; irpo iroXXtbv x■ 37 3 Xpvtrlov : to x■ 31 3 Xpvaos 12 6; xprcroD paXaKTrjpes 12 6 Xpvtrovs, aureus : to x- ?5os 13 9 .— sc. OTaTr)p = Sapetitis : pvptovs x■ 25 2 XvSyv, ‘ promiscuously ’ 34 4 X^Xis : x u ^° v 8vra 27 3 X^/nx, regio: yx- 19 2 ; iKrrjsx- 23 2 ; vetpaplvovs x&pa- v 20 2 ; Tyv fiaaiXlus x■ 10 4 ; Syovv- Tes Tyv x- 33 3 ; x- iroXXyv 8tcrr6pdy pay poos atpatpwv 8 2 . — rus: Tbv airb rys x■ ^X^ 01 ' 34 4 X^ptov : Ttov x■ 9 2 Xtopts, adv. 11 2 XupiTLsis ■*, rusticus: too x- irXydovs 34 3 •if tpaXXetv : tpaXXuiv 1 5 ; tpaXXbv- toiv 1 5 ; \pyXavTa 1 5 tplyctv 1 2 1 pevSeoffat (PASS.): py tpevSeodat ryv Svvaptv 12 I tpy^t^eadat, ferrc plebiscitum, auctorem esse et suasorem | xpyrfrlapaTOS : tpytpl^rat Tbv 302 LIFE OF PERICLES 7 r\ovu 2-1 I ; eiprjplcraTO p.ov- oiKijs ay Cava dyeadcu 13 6 ; ep-qpiaaro 7 r\eiv els 'Livilmriv ideXovras 20 2 ; t6v irbXep.ov p7]piaa rb p. ye- ypappivov er vyxavev 30 I ; p. KvpouTaL 32 2 ; tovto apelXe tov p. 32 2 ; ypapet. p-ppiopa 17 I, 30 2 ; p. Hypapev 32 I ; 7 a f ypapas 10 3 ; rb p. KadeXelv rb XleyapiK&v 29 5 ; tov pi) Xvffijvai rb p. 31 I ; eyypapov ovbbv wX-pv t&v p. 8 5, prjpos : tt]v p. airb tov [3copov pbpovres 32 2 ; ras p. Xa/3bv- res els ras x e V as 35 4 c/aXcos 3 , tantummodo 15 5 pbpos : pbpovs SLitkojv 6 4 pvxaywyla ; pvxayuylav 154 pvxv , v 1 1 ; h'yxh TeAhtoc ynecTiN 33 7 ; r6 pbyedos TTjs p. 36 4 ; t6 ppbvr/pa ttjs p. 38 1 ; p. s Xiyovaiv 13 8 , 26 I ; cos—oiirco 1 3 ; oorco— cos 7 5 ; cos irov e’CptjKe 4 3 , 10 7 ; cos elpr/Kapev 13 9 ; cos loTop-qKe 9 2 , 33 I ; cos y£- ypairTai 9 4 ; cos upbrepov 11 2 . — 1 that ’ : yiyvPaKovTes cos x/OTjcrorrac 33 1 , 18 2 , 32 I ; /SoPvTes cos 6 Srjpos abo^el 12 1 , 344 .—with nom. partcp. referring to the subject of the sentence : Sel^eiev cos apbSpa /ca/ccos £x uv 38 2 ; aKoinav /ca/ccos cos puKpav /3o?j- deiav irapeaxVKus 29 3 .—with absol. infill.: cos £iros ehreiv 12 7; ypavs el cos Siairpaaae- adai 10 5 .—with acc. parti¬ ciple : eXirlba irapaaxovcrav cos aXauxopiv-qv 35 3 . —- W. participle in the gen. abs. referring to the subject or object of the sentence : cos tt)S irpoairoL-qaews viroiroiobaris 5 4 ; KaTecTTpaToirebevaav cos rcov 'Adrjvalaiv ovk ave^opbviav 33 3 , 28 5 ; £Xaf3ev apyiipiov cos tov TlepLK\eovs KeXeiiaavTos 36 2 ; ravTa cos ovk£tl trvviev- tos SieXbyovTo 38 4 , 13 9 , 33 1 , 39 3 .—in reference to a quality, real or supposed, belonging to the person or thing : el ripirei Tb ipyov cos Xapiev 2 2 ; cos Xr/pniv tov ITecpaccos 8 5 ; iKirXayijvai cos irpbs p.£ya ai)p.elov 35 1 ; cos piXoTupavvos e^woTpaKiadt] 4 2 , 9 4 ; airrjXacrav airrbv cos pvyaSa 10 I, 13 5 : Bavpa- INDEX IV GREEK 303 adtvTO .S (is /UeydXfll’S 18 13: 29 3 , 33 6 , 37 5 . — as a temporal particle, ‘when,’ with aor. as usual 3 4 , 15 1 , 18 3 ; (is TTpoaeirTaure 32 3 ; us 5' ovk '£<$>■>] 35 2 ; us 5 airexupriae 22 3 ; us iiravrjXde 28 3 ; with imperf. 5 3 , 37 1 . — final, ‘in order that’: us ppr a/ieXod/reros intpvyoi 16 3 ; us p.T) eieXiiroi rd y7ros 37 2 ; us dr w/tbaSia^XriOeiq 29 2 . — as a consecutive particle with infill. ‘ so that ’ for ucrre 7 4 . — in exclama¬ tions ‘how ! ’ 26 4 us = 7 rpos: ras yorcuKas qyov us avr-qv 24 3 weXe 1 rd Toiavra. rods Oueptvovs 2 2. — PASS. a7rd rur SqpoaUev iltpoXRaOai , 1,2 5 „ „ , dxpeXipos : rur KaXur xai u. 1 2 ; u^eXijUurarur rais Trarpim ytvopbvwv 2 4 Printed by R. & K- Clark Edinburgh