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CONVENTION DOCUMENTS. 
 
 
 REPORT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF TWENTY-ONE, 
 
 ON THE COMMUNICATION OF 
 
 HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR PICKENS, 
 
 TOGETHER WITH THE 
 
 REPORTS OF HEADS OF DEPARTMENTS, 
 
 AND OTHER PAPERS. 
 
 COLUMBIA, S. C: 
 R. W. GIBBES, PRINTER TO THE CONVENTION. 
 
 1862. 
 
RESOLUTIONS 
 
 ORDERING THE PUBLICATION OF THESE REPORTS. 
 
 In Convention, Sept. 15, 1862. 
 
 " The Report of the Special Committee of Twenty-one was agreed 
 to, and on motion of Mr. Barnwell, it was ordered that 2,000 copies 
 of the Report, together with the Reports of the Heads of Departments, 
 he printed for distribution. 
 
 " On motion of Mr. Pope, it was ordered that the Reports of the 
 sub-committees be printed in connection with the Report of the Special 
 Committee of Twenty-one." 
 
 In Convention, Sept. 17, 1862. 
 M Resolved, That the two thousand extra copies of the Report of the 
 Special Committee of Twenty-one on the communication of his Excel- 
 lency the Governor and the accompanying documents ordered to be 
 printed, be taken charge of by the Clerk of the Convention as soon as 
 the work is finished, and that he tend the same pro rata to the several 
 members of this body, for general distribution." 
 
*11f 
 
 REPORT 
 
 OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF TWENTY-ONE. 
 
 The Committee to whom was referred the communication of his 
 Excellency the Governor, transmitting the record of all the proceedings 
 of the Governor and Council, had prior to the present session of the 
 Convention, together with the reports of the several members of the 
 Council and certain military correspondence between his Excellency 
 and the President of the Confederate States, the Generals commanding 
 the army in this State, and other persons, respectfully report : 
 
 That the matter thus referred has received the careful consideration 
 whic^its importance demands. The Committee have discovered 
 nothing in the proceedings of the Governor and Council which seems 
 to them to require any special action on the part of the Convention in 
 the way of repeal, modification or animadversion; while it is not de- 
 signed hereby to express an approval of all these proceedings. The 
 duties, growing out of the exigencies of public affairs, which have 
 devolved upon the members of the Council, have been exceedingly 
 various and laborious, and have been discharged with signal diligence, 
 ability and success, and, in the judgment of your Committee, with an 
 exclusive regard to the public welfare. These gentlemen have, as 
 their record shows, devoted themselves at great personal sacrifice, and, 
 too often, amidst discouragements (the causes of which are unfolded in 
 some of the reports) mortifying to the patriot, to meet the extraordi- 
 nary demands which the peculiar condition of the State has made upon 
 the Executive authority. The defence of Charleston and of the en- 
 trance to Georgetown ; the survey and exploration of sundry routes of 
 access for the enemy to the,interior of the State, and the obstruction 
 of such access thereby; the efficient reorganization of the military when 
 once and again thrown into confusion by the action of the Confederate 
 Government; the procurement and distribution of arms and munitions 
 of war, ordnance and ordnance stores, clothing and provisions and 
 medical stores for the soldiers; the organization of negro labor, when 
 called for by the military authorities of the Confederate States, with a 
 
view to reader the Bervioe required as acceptable as possible to the 
 public; the preservation of iuterual order aud the repression of those 
 various exhibitions of selfishness which imperil the public safety; with 
 a great variety of other subjects of public concern, have iu turn en- 
 gaged their attention aud enlisted their labors. By the services which 
 they have thus rendered, they have placed tho State Under obligations 
 which those ouly can appreciate who have had the opportunity of ex- 
 amining their records. In the discharge of their duties they have beeu 
 greatly aided by sundry public spirited and patriotic gentlemcu, who 
 are named iu the several reports of the Chiefs of Departments, aud to 
 whom the public acknowledgments of the Convention are due. 
 
 Your Committee have, by their examination of these papers, been 
 deeply impressed with the conviction that the ordinary powers of the 
 Executive would have been entirely inadequate to effect the objects to 
 which the labors of the Council have been directed, aud that the estab- 
 lishment of such a body, with the extraordinary powers conferred upon 
 it, was required by the coudition of the country aud the exigencies of 
 the times. ™ 
 
 Your Committee are of opinion that the publication and circulation 
 of the several reports of the Chiefs of Departments which have been 
 submitted are due to the people, the Convention and the Council, and 
 they so recommend, with the reservation, however, to the Chief of the 
 Military Department of the right to revise his report and omit such 
 portions as, in his judgment, it might be impolitic to make public. In 
 advising the publication and circulation of the report from the Depart- 
 ment of Justice and Police, the Committee do not design to express 
 any opinion upon the question whether any limitation can be imposed 
 upon the power of a Convention of the People assembled under our 
 State Constitution by the Act of the Legislature which calls it together. 
 Into this question it is needless now to enter, for it seems plain to the 
 Committee that every act of this Convention and of those who have 
 acted under its authority, which is mentioned in the report from this 
 Department, is embraced within the scope of the Act of the Legislature 
 which provided for the election of Delegates to this Convention. The 
 arguments contained in this report, especially those iu Parti., sustaining 
 this construction of the Act and the competency of the Convention, the 
 Council aud the several heads of Departments to do the acts done by 
 them respectively and examined in the said report, command the ap- 
 proval of the Committee, and, the Committee hope, will receive the con. 
 currence of the Convention. 
 
The Committee report back to the Convention the military corres- 
 pondence referred, with a recommendation that so much thereof as is 
 specified in the class marked 4 in the enumeration of the sub-commit- 
 tee's report, be read in the presence of the Convention, sitting with 
 closed doors. The character of this correspondence is such as, in the 
 judgment of the Committee, renders the general publication of it 
 improper. 
 
 The Committee are of opinion that it would conduce much to the 
 satisfaction of the public mind, and tend to harmonize conflicting views 
 of State policy, if " the records of the proceedings of the Governor 
 and Council," as^contained in their book of minutes, could be printed 
 and widely circulated and read, but they are deterred from making a 
 recommendation to this effect by the great extent of this record and the 
 consequent expense which its publication would involve. The Com- 
 mittee, therefore, content themselves with advising that the injunction 
 of secrecy be removed therefrom, and this record be open to the inspec- 
 tion of the citizens of the State in any manner that will not interfere 
 with the convenience of the Governor and Council. 
 
 The several matters referred to your Committee were, for convenience 
 and expedition, distributed to sub-committees, the sevenl reports of 
 which sub-committees are herewith submitted to the Convention. 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 t R. W. BARNWELL. 
 
REPOKT 
 
 OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON THE JOURNAL OF THE 
 • EXECUTIVE COUNCTL. 
 
 The sub-committee on the Journal of the Executive Council respect 
 fully report, that they have carefully gone over the whole Journal, and 
 have seen abundant reason in the record of the proceedings of the Couu- 
 cil, to be satisfied that they have discharged the duties assigned them 
 with great industry and fidelity, and with exclusive regard to the wel- 
 fare of the State. It is also apparent, from the proceedings of the 
 Council, that the ordinary powers of the Executive would have been 
 entirely inadequate to effect the objects to which the labors of the 
 Council have been devoted, and that the establishment of such a body, 
 with the extraordinary powers conferred upon it, was required by the 
 condition of the country, and the exigencies of the times. The Com- 
 mittee see no reason why the proceedings of the Council should not be 
 made public, but they are too voluminous to be printed, and it will 
 probably be sufficient that the injunction of secrecy shall be removed. 
 
 R. W. BARNWELL, Chairman, 
 A. MAZYCK, 
 G. MANIGAULT, 
 H. C. YOUNG, 
 J. J. PRINGLE SMITH. 
 
REPORT 
 
 OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON " CORRESPONDENCE." 
 
 The sub-committee to whom was referred the subject of " Corres- 
 pondence, " beg leave respectfully to report : 
 
 That the Correspondence consists of the following, to wit : 
 
 1. Two letters between Governor Pickens and the Secretary of War, 
 on the subject of the right to fill vacancies in the South Carolina Reg- 
 ulars. 
 
 2. Several communications between the Governor and the Secretary 
 at War, and others, in relation to seven hundred stand of arms, be- 
 longing to the State, but now in the Confederate army, in Virginia. 
 
 3. Correspondence between Governor Pickens and the Governors of 
 other Confederate States, in relation to concert of action between the 
 Executives of the several States. 
 
 4. Correspondence between Governor Pickens and the Executive of 
 the Confederate Government, and also with Generals Lee, Ripley and 
 Pemberton, in relation to the defences of Charleston and Georgetown, 
 numbered from eight to nineteen inclusive. 
 
 This last correspondence the sub-committee recommend should be 
 read in the General Committee, and should also be read in Convention, 
 in secret session, for the information of the members, but that it should 
 not be printed. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 BEN J. F. DUNKIN, Chairman, 
 JOHN A. CALHOUN, 
 EDWARD McCRADY, 
 JOHN P. RICHARDSON. 
 
REPORT 
 
 OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON THE REPORT OF THE 
 CHIEF OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE MILITARY. 
 
 The sub-committee to whom was referred the report of the Chief of 
 the Department of the Military, with the accompanying documents, 
 respectfully report, 
 
 The matter thus referred has been considered with the care which 
 its importance demands, and nothing has been discovered which seems 
 to the Committee to require the interference of the Convention. The 
 duties which, in the distribution of the business of the Executive 
 Office, were assigned to this Department, appear to have been exceed- 
 ingly onerous, but they have been discharged with signal industry, 
 ability, regard to economy and a large measure of success, at a great 
 sacrifice of time, comfort and money on the part of the Chief, and often 
 under circumstances of great discouragement, the causes of which are 
 exhibited in the report. The thanks of the Convention and of the 
 State are, in the judgment of the Committee, eminently due to the 
 Chief of the Department and to his subordinates in office, as well as to 
 the several gentlemen, named in the report, who have patriotically ren- 
 dered their valuable aid in several particulars to this branch of the 
 public service. 
 
 The Committee are of the opinion that the report and such of the 
 accompanying documents as are contained in the printed pamphlet 
 ought to be published for the information of the people, subject, how- 
 ever, to a revision by the Chief of the Department, with a view to the 
 omission of such passages (which have been the subject of conversation 
 between the Chief and the sub-committee), the publication of which 
 might in his judgment be of even doubtful effect upon the public inter- 
 est, and it is so recommended. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 JOHN A. INGLIS, Chairman, 
 W. F. DeSAUSSURE, 
 JOHN L. MANNING. 
 
REPORT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CHIEF OF THE DEPARTMENT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 MILITARY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 
 
 TO 
 
 HIS EXCELLENCY, GOVERNOR PICKENS. 
 
REPORT. 
 
 Department of the Military, S. C, 
 Columbia, August 30, 18G2. 
 To His Excellency, Governor Pickens : 
 
 Sir : In obedience to your requirement, made under the fifth section 
 of " An Ordinance for strengthening the Executive Department during 
 the exigencies of the present war," passed by the people of South Caro- 
 lina, in Convention assembled, in January last, I have the honor most 
 respectfully to submit the following report : 
 
 On the eighth day of January, 1862, I received a request from your 
 Excellency, " to meet the members of the Executive Council for the 
 purpose of being organized, as directed by the Ordinance." On the 
 next day^ which was the one appointed, all the members of that Council 
 met your Excellency at the Executive Office, and proceeded to organi- 
 zation. The plan I proposed for the formation of Departments was 
 adopted, and I had the honor of being assigned to the control of the 
 Department of the Military. 
 
 On the seventeenth of the same month " the rules made and estab- 
 lished by the Governor and Council, for the management of the Depart- 
 ment of the Military cf the State," preparedly myself, were, with a 
 few modifications, adopted, and I then entered .on the duties of that 
 Department. A copy of these rules is appended, (marked A.) 
 
 On the eighteenth of January, special orders were issued by me to 
 the several bureaus placed under my control, requiring a full report of 
 the condition of each. From the shape and incompleteness of most of 
 these statements, it was apparent that the " Army Regulations " had 
 not been sufficiently the standard of form. Long experience has 
 demonstrated fhat the close observance of these rules is essential to the 
 establishment of system, the attainment of accuracy, and the enforce- 
 ment of economy in the administration of military affairs. The system 
 of regular and specific requisitions, according to form, for each month 
 M 
 
18 
 
 or quarter, was entirely neglected ; and hence, perhaps the several 
 bureaus, with one exception, were burdened with debt when I came into 
 office. The want of cash, and punctuality iu payment, made prices 
 higher to the State than to some other buyers and contractors. In some 
 instances, as I am informed by the heads of bureaus, purchases were 
 rnudc at a rate enhanced five per cent, on cash prices. This evil was 
 soon remedied, by enforcing strict conformity to the rules of regular, 
 specific, monthly requisitions, and upon them, supplying the money for 
 each month in advance. Iu this I was promptly and efficiently aided 
 by all the officers under this Department. 
 
 It was my desire to present accurately to your Excellency the condi- 
 tion of affairs in the Military Department on the first day of January 
 last, but, despite of the most unremitting exertions, I am notable to do 
 so, because of the entire neglect of that system, order and observance, 
 and application of the regulations I have referred to. As drill and 
 discipline are indispensable to fit the soldier for the field, so time, expe- 
 rience, and a thorough knowledge of approved forms, are equally essen- 
 tial to qualify the officer for his bureau, and the clerk for his desk. It 
 is no reflection, therefore, upon your officers to intimate that, as citizens, 
 aroused from the peaceful pursuits of an entire life, without the requi- 
 site experience, or superior guidance, they should be, for a time, embar- 
 rassed, and perhaps confused, by the suddenness with which the vast 
 and multiform military interests of the State and country were pressed 
 upon them. I have called your attention to this point, to account for 
 any apparent deficiency in extent of information or accuracy in detail 
 during the period alluded to, and which it might have been in my 
 power to avoid, and my pleasure to supply, if the bureau provisions of 
 the Army Regulations had been enforced from the date of secession to 
 the establishment of this Department. I have another object, and the 
 main one, which is to urge that these Regulations be strictly observed 
 in the future, as they furnish the only plan whereby the finances of the 
 State can be effectually guarded, its resources properly developed and 
 economically applied, and full justice be always done to the soldier, by 
 the State being ever ready to supply his wants. 
 
 It gives me great pleasure to bring to your attention, and through you 
 to the State, my acknowledgments for the mauy valuable suggestions, 
 as well as hearty cooperation, of the heads of bureaus, in my endeavors 
 to produce order, efficiency and economy. I refer you to the numerous 
 elaborate statements, exhibits, reports and accounts, made from their 
 several offices, on file in this Department, as furnishing ample proof of 
 
19 
 
 the fact that their positions, at least, have not been sinecures. And 
 while our hearts thrill with gratitude and admiration for the heroic 
 achievements of our war-worn soldiery in the field, we must not forget 
 the silent, incessant and unapplauded toil of these ofiicers, upon whose 
 labor depends, in no small degree, the credit of the State, and the 
 maintenance, comfort and efficiency of the army. Without fidelity and 
 efficiency in the Quartermaster, Commissary, and Ordnance Depart- 
 ments, the genius of Napoleon would be brought to naught. They 
 should, therefore, be considered as of the highest importance, and filled 
 always and only with the ablest and most faithful and experienced 
 officers. 
 
 By a brief analysis, I propose to show, from the reports of the sev- 
 eral bureaus, the extent of information they convey. It will exhibit 
 their condition on the first of January and the first of July, 1862, 
 embracing the first two quarters of the current year. I propose, also, 
 to add, in appropriate location, the more important occurrences of the 
 present quarter, and to the date of this report, and all other matters of 
 interest in a military way, although not immediately connected with 
 any of the bureaus. 
 
 ADJUTANT AND INSPECTOR GENERAL'S BUREAU. 
 
 First, the strength, condition and movements of our forces. 
 From reports of the Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, I 
 have compiled a statement (in the Appendix marked B.), showing that, 
 on the first of January, 1862, the troops from this State, under Con- 
 federate orders, were as follows : 
 
 For the war 7,111 men. 
 
 For shorter periods 20,251 " 
 
 Aggregate 27,362 " 
 
 Of this number, 4,082 were State militia, not mustered into Confeder- 
 ate service, leaving really in Confederate service, subject to Confeder- 
 ate control, only 23,280 men. It appears from the same report that 
 there were at that time sixty-four companies of " twelve months volun- 
 teers, for Confederate service," either in camp of instruction or under 
 marching orders for it. The report contains nothing in relation to the 
 condition of the militia of the State. 
 
 Upon assuming the duties of this Department, I found the militia of 
 the State virtually disorganized. The causes were manifest, and may 
 be stated as follows : First, the heavy drain which had been made upon 
 
20 
 
 it. Including the sixty-four companies in process of formation, esti- 
 mated, say at 5,000, with the 27,362 already in service, there was then 
 an abstraction of its Btrength of some 32,302 men, more than half of 
 our arms-bearing population. Second, the indiscriminate recruiting 
 actively going on, by special authority from llichruond, by officers in 
 service, to fill up their ranks, by calls from the State to complete requi- 
 sitions not fully answered, and by consequence of the Act of December, 
 1861, vacating all commissions under the grade of General, with the 
 exception of volunteer companies in the Fourth Brigade S. C M. At 
 this time, also, there were regiments and companies in the field, so 
 scant in number as to make it proper to relieve them, for the purpose 
 of reorganization ; and there were hundreds in camp, and some in front 
 of the enemy, without arms of any kind. 
 
 On the second of February last, the Secretary of War made a call 
 upon the State to fill up the quota of troops enlisted for the war, to an 
 amount equal to "six per centum of the total white population." As- 
 suming our population to be 300,000, the quota would be 18,000 men. 
 The Secretary supposed we had furnished, up to that time, about 0,000 
 men for the war, and called at once for five more regiments, expecting 
 to make up the remainder by reenlistment among the twelve months 
 volunteers. Being satisfied that he had under-estimated the number of 
 meu, both for the war and for twelve months, I called on the Adjutant 
 and Inspector General for a report, setting forth the facts. That report 
 was made on the twentieth of February, 1862, and exhibits for the 
 war 9,349 men, and for twelve months 21,321 — total, 30,670, sent into 
 Confederate service. (See my report in Appendix, marked D.) 
 
 Before the letter of the Secretary reached your Excellency, I had 
 repaired to Charleston, in answer to several pressing calls connected 
 with the military condition of the State, and with the duties of my 
 office. While there, I conferred freely with the Confederate General 
 in command of that District, 'with General Hist, and communicated 
 with General Lee, on the various necessities of our military condition. 
 Under instructions of the Governor and Council (see accompanying 
 papers, No. 1), I issued orders for the reorganization of the Fourth 
 Brigade, S. C. M., as one of the readiest means of obtaining immediate 
 aid to meet threatening dangers. With the Adjutant and Inspector 
 General, I considered and discussed the best mode of permanent organ- 
 ization of the militia, to meet promptly whatever demands might be 
 made upon us. (See report — accompanying papers, No. 2.) On my 
 return, about the twelfth of February, I found the requisition of the 
 
21 
 
 Secretary of War, of which your Excellency had previously sent me a 
 copy. My first step, under the authority of the Governor and Council, 
 was to issue appeals to the army of the Potomac, to the twelve months 
 troops in this State, &c, to change the term of their enlistment from 
 twelve months to Ihe war. (See accompanying papers, No. 3.) 
 
 The report of .the twentieth of February, already referred to, dis- 
 closed the fact, that although the troops for the war exceeded the esti- 
 mate of the Secretary, still they were far below the quota required of 
 the State. To meet this deficiency in the quickest and most effectual 
 way, as well as to establish a system of reserves, to answer promptly 
 all demands in future, on the seventh of March, 1862, the Governor 
 and Council adopted a scheme prepared by the Adjutant and Inspector 
 General Gist, in conjunction with myself. It was a system of enroll- 
 ment and conscription. (See accompanying papers, No. 4.) The only 
 patent defect in the scheme, is the clause of exemptions. The wisdom 
 of the measure must be proved by its results. Under its stimulus, 
 volunteering took place with such alacrity that our skeleton organiza- 
 tions were rapidly filled, and new formations made. There was no 
 necessity for drafts any where in' the State for Confederate service, ex- 
 cept in the City of Charleston, where the Adjutant General encountered 
 every species of harassment and delay. (See accompanying papers, 
 No. 5.) 
 
 On the twcnt}--eighth of April, 1862, the State had not only fur- 
 nished the five regiments called for, but had exceededjthe quota by four 
 thousand and sixty-four men, as appears from the report of the Adju- 
 tant and Inspector General of that date. (See Appendix C.) 
 
 Our conscription rolls had been competed, and the process of organ- 
 ization and transfer was going on, when, on the sixteenth of April; 
 1862, the Confederate Congress passed its Conscription Act. This 
 law, taking from the control of the State all of its arms-bearing men 
 between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five, threw our militia and con- 
 script reserves acain into confusion ; in fact, entirely destroyed the 
 latter organization. The history of Forts Beauregard and Walker — the 
 condition in which the State then was — pitiably weak and unprepared — 
 excited, confused, and at the mercy of a bold and daring invader — 
 gave us a lesson which we would be criminal to forget, or fail to im- 
 prove. It became, therefore, necessary for us to adopt a new scheme, 
 and that speedily, to insure our protection. Accordingly, on the twen- 
 ty-fourth day of April, 1862, I had the honor to submit to the Gover- 
 nor and Council a plan for the organization of two corps of reserves — 
 
22 
 
 one for active duty in the field, the other for police and patrol duty. 
 (The resolution?, regulations, orders, and other papers relating to the 
 subject, will be found in the accompanying papers, No. 6.) I am 
 happy to state that we have, of the first corps, ten regiments, fully or- 
 ganized and officered, besides one company of mounted rifles, and others 
 forming. It is believed that from them we could throw five thousand 
 effective men, at short notice^ into the field, to check the enemy until 
 our Confederates could appear. We have ammunition and arms of 
 good quality — many of then the most approved kind — sufficient in 
 number to arm the whole. The Combahee Rangers, organized under 
 resolution of the Governor and Council, have been accepted, and are 
 now in the special police and military service, for which they were 
 organized. According to my information, they are rendering useful 
 and valuable service. 
 
 Some insubordination, in the firstjeorps, has occurred in several Dis- 
 tricts, namely, in Marlboro', York and Lexington, the causes of which, 
 and the means taken to reduce it, will be spoken of hereafter. 
 
 From the report of the Adjutant General, of this date, it appears 
 that the troops from this State, sent into Confederate service, are as 
 follows : 
 
 Infantry — Twenty-eight regiments, two legions, eight battalions, two 
 companies. 
 
 Artillery — Two regiments, one battalion, eighteen companies. 
 
 Cavalry — Two regiments, five battalions, seven companies. 
 
 Total — Thirty-two regiments, two legions, fourteen battalions, twenty- 
 seven companies. Making an§ aggregate of forty-three thousand men 
 contributed by the State to the public service. (See Appendix E.) 
 
 While engaged in anxious labor to uphold the credit of the State, by 
 responding to every just demand, and to defend her tionor and maintain 
 her interests, we were startled by the intelligence of the purpose of the 
 Confederate General to abandon the control of the approach to George- 
 town, and thereby throw open all th«t valuable region to the invasion 
 and ravages of a ruthless enemy. Protests and expostulations were 
 immediately made against it. General Harllee was sent at once to 
 General Pemberton, to communicate with him on the subject, and. to 
 enforce, by a personal interview, the wishes and opinions of the Governor 
 and Council. Upon his return, General Ilarllee made a verbal report, 
 stating that General Pemberton declined to annul his order for the 
 abandonment and dismantling of the forts, but intimated his intention 
 
23 
 
 to leave such troops in the vicinity as the exigencies of the service else- 
 where would permit. The President was addressed on the subject, and 
 I asked him for guns, that we might undertake the defence ourselves. 
 I believed then, and I believe now, that the region could have been 
 successfully protected by us against the inroads and raids of the enemy, 
 even if totally abandoned by the Confederate General. Governor R. 
 F. W. Allston was the bearer of the communication to the President, and 
 succeeded in obtaining two fine rifle guns, with equipment and ammu- 
 nition — one a six-pounder, and one a twenty-four pounder — which were 
 receipted for and deposited at Florence, subject to the order of General 
 Harllee, whose report (see accompanying papers, No. 7) will show how 
 they were finally disposed of. To use the guns and other arms which 
 we had to meet the emergency, a call was made for one thousand men — 
 subsequently reduced to five hundred — to be taken from the Fourth 
 Division of S. C. M., and from two adjacent regiments in another. 
 General Harllee was appointed by the Governor and Council to organ- 
 ize aud command them. Accordingly, orders were issued to him to 
 assemble the colonels of the several regiments indicated, and 'arrange 
 with them the proportion and manner of supplying the call, either by 
 volunteers or by draft, if necessary. All the necessary ordnance, quar- 
 termaster and commissary supplies were immediately ordered to the 
 points indicated by General Harllee, where they were received. Noth- 
 ing was wanting but the men. The orders issued by General Harllee, 
 now on file in this Department, and referred to by him in his report, 
 show that there was no want of effort on his part to accomplish a work 
 so important, and for which he had manifested so much zeal. It is 
 with pain, sir, that I state to you the fact, that while the men were in 
 the country, the spirit was wanting. Very few volunteered, and it 
 became necessary to resort to a draft. Even this was eluded, to a great 
 extent, by the rushing of those who were liable into Confederate ser- 
 vice — many among those who submitted to the draft refused to obey 
 the orders of General Harllee ; some took to concealment, while others 
 stood in open defiance of the law; others, again, became predatory out- 
 laws, and threatened acts of violence and robbery in the vicinity of the 
 few troops which did assemble at Stone's Landing, on the Pee Dee. 
 This state of things demanded the immediate attention of the Governor 
 and Council. By their direction, the proper orders were issued, copies 
 of which will be found in the accompanying papers (No. 7 a). Some 
 of the recusants were seized and put into prison ; others warned and 
 summoned for trial before a court martial. But the court itself seemed 
 
24 
 
 to have been inadequate to the conception or performance of its duty, 
 and the defaulters escaped. 
 
 Perhaps it may be well to inquire into the supposed causes which 
 produced this unhappy and disgraceful state of affairs. I do not believe 
 that the body of the people in that section of the country were unpa- 
 triotic, or inclined to the disobedience of lawful authority. I feel oth- 
 erwise, for from that very quarter a full proportion of gallant soldiers 
 have been sent to the field in Confederate service. But the time of 
 the call was unpropitious to the agricultural interest ; the country to 
 which they were ordered was supposed to be unhealthy at that season. 
 The activity, and most of the energy, had been already extracted; the 
 love of ease, convenience, and the desire to pursue ordinary vocations, 
 had their full influence among those who remained. Still I believe 
 these would have been overcome, but for the fact that there were some 
 leading men, disaffected to the existing Government of the State, who 
 seized upon the facts I have mentioned, and endeavored to poison the 
 minds of the people by inculcating the idea that the authority from 
 which {lie orders emanated was unconstitutional — that the Convention 
 of the people of South Carolina was without lawful existence, and with, 
 out power. They were stimulated and supplied with noxious pabulum, 
 through the channels of an uninformed press. All have stricken at 
 the sovereignty of the State. Thus, sir, were ignorance, indolence, 
 selfishness, disaffection, and, to some extent, disappointed ambition, 
 combined and made, unwittingly, to aid and abet the enemy, and, in 
 like manner, to become the coadjutors of Lincoln and all the hosts of 
 abolition myrmidons. 
 
 It is believed that in this way, and by such influences, the Execu- 
 tive authority of the State was frustrated, and prevented from securing 
 from devastation one of the finest and richest portions of our country. 
 
 The abandonment of the forts and the region about Georgetown, by 
 the Confederate Government, came upon us at a most inauspicious mo- 
 ment. All the troops we had then organized were, but a short time 
 before, transferred to the Confederacy, to fill up the quota required by 
 the Secretary of War; and all the conscripts we had then enrolled, and 
 from among whom we could have raised a force ample for the defence 
 of our eastern coast, were, at the very moment of need, swept from us 
 by the Conscription Act of Congress. 
 
 In this Connecticut, permit me to inform you that there are certain 
 recusant captains, who mock at the power of the Convention, and pre- 
 tend to defy the Executive authority which it has instituted for the 
 
exigencies of the war. (See accompanying papers, No. 8.) It is hoped 
 that calm reflection and a returning sense of what is due to the State 
 in her present emergency, will render unnecessary an appeal to the 
 higher powers of the law. But if this hope shall prove fallacious, then 
 I trust your Excellency and the Council will approve of the measures I 
 have prepared to reduce them to obedience, to vindicate the majesty of 
 the law, and to uphold the outraged dignity of the State. 
 
 I ask leave, also, to submit, for the information of your Excellency, 
 as part of the proceedings of my Department, the telegrams from the 
 Mayor of Cheraw and General Prince, commanding Seventh Brigade of 
 S. C. M., in relation to the expected advance of the enemy's gunboats 
 up the Pee Dec river ; the authority I gave them at their request ; to 
 the protest of many of the worthy citizens of Marlboro' District, against 
 the proceedings of General Prince ; and my reply to the said protest- 
 (See accompanying papers, No. 9.) 
 
 The question of exemption from military service, and the seeming 
 conflict between the State and Confederate law on that subject, was a 
 source of some embarrassment, and made heavy drafts upon our time 
 and attention. m 
 
 The exemptiou of overseers — a matter so important to the agricultu- 
 ral interests of the State, and so essential to a proper system of police — 
 the Convention saw fit to confide to the Adjutant and Inspector General 
 of the State. But the exemptiou of all other classes was left exclu- 
 sively under the control of the Governor and Council. 
 
 Fiuding that much anxiety prevailed on the subject, I caused the 
 Adjutant and Inspector General to issue a notification to all concerned, 
 that those who held certificates of exemption from the State authority, 
 would be protected under them. Subsequently, and on the third day 
 of April, I addressed a letter to the Secretary of War, at Richmond, 
 representing the importance of the matter — suggesting a plan whereby 
 all difficulty could be avoided, and urging the exemption of overseers 
 and military cadets. The reply of the Secretary was not satisfactory. 
 In the latter part of June, and early in July, when I was charged by 
 the Governor and Council to represent the interests of the State in 
 Richmond, I brought the subject, among other matters, to the attention 
 of the Secretary, and again urged upon him its importance. I stated 
 to him, that if there was one great leading principle which distinguished 
 the original contest between the Confederate and the United States, it 
 was the difference between them in relation to the sovereignty of the 
 States. We warred to maintain the sovereignty and equality of each 
 4 • 
 
•ji; 
 
 and all of our States, while they endeavored to obliterate the States and 
 consolidate a despotic empire ; that the Governor and Council must be 
 governed by our view of the principle in insisting upon the exemption; 
 that we were but the agents of the Convention, which represented the 
 sovereignty of the State, and which had imperatively commanded the 
 exemption of overseers in stated cases; that for us the Ordinance of the 
 Convention was paramount law, and that we owed it to the sovereign 
 power to insist — we had no alternative. The Secretary, of course, could 
 not alter the law of Congress, but assured me there should be no con- 
 flict — that he had instructed his officer charged with the subject, to 
 protest in cases where the State insisted, and send up the matter to 
 Richmond. The question now has taken that turn, where it rests for 
 the present. (Sec accompanying papers, No. 10.) 
 
 The power of appointment to office in the organizations known as the 
 Regular Artillery, Infantry and Cavalry of South Carolina, has pre- 
 sented another vexed question, causing much correspondence, and 
 some conflict. The power, for what seemed to be sufficient reasons, 
 though not admitted to be in the President, was finally transferred to 
 him. For full information on this subject, I refer you to the papers 
 which accompany this report. (See accompanying papers, No. 11.) 
 
 In obedience to the resolutions of the Governor and Council, I cor- 
 responded with the Confederate General commanding in South Caro- 
 lina, in relation to guards for the railroad bridges and trestles in this 
 State. It will be seen that he declined to make a detail of men for 
 that purpose. (See accompanying papers, No. 12.) 
 
 The defence of the City of Charleston has been, to us all, a source 
 of constant solicitude. I have looked with deep interest, and some 
 anxiety, on the preparations, material and progress of the defensive 
 works. By request, I have ventured suggestions, and by authority of 
 the Governor and Council, I have had correspondence and personal 
 interviews with the President and General Cooper, in Richmond, 
 touching all these subjects. Of my official visit to Richmond, I made 
 a verbal report to the Governor and Council, which, under all the cir- 
 cumstances, I trust your Excellency will hold to be sufficient. I found 
 the President, the Secretary of War and General Cooper keenly alive 
 to the importahce of an effectual defence of the City and State, and 
 willing, at all times, to do all in their power to advance our wishes and 
 interests. From the Piesident, I am able to tender the State, through 
 you, the assurance, that, when the day of trial comes, he will not be 
 unmindful of his duties — nor grudging nor slack in his performance of 
 them. (See accompanying papers, No. 7 b.) 
 
27 
 
 Being impressed with the inadequacy of the communication between 
 Charleston and James' Island, as well as between the city and the forts 
 in the harbor, I directed Mr. J. R. Niernsee, who was engaged in 
 building flats to transport stone for the Santee obstruction, so to increase 
 his force as to enable him to build a sufficient number to establish an 
 easy and adequate communication between White Point and James' 
 Island. He has experienced great difficulty in procuring cither mate- 
 rial or labor. The work, therefore, is for the time suspended. I 
 submit, however, that it should not be permanently discontinued. The 
 gallant defence at Secessionville has saved the city. The brave and 
 indomitable Lamar, and his gallant comrades, whilo winning renown 
 and immortal honor for themselves, have placed their country under 
 obligations of lastiug gratitude. 
 
 The defeat of the enemy at Secessionville, and the great victory 
 before Richmond, have obtained for us a short respite, which I trust 
 will be properly improved. 
 
 As germain to the subject I ask leave to state the connection of this 
 Department with the vexatious question of impressment of negro labor. 
 It began with correspondence with General Ripley, in Charleston. On 
 my return to this place, on the sixth of Februar} T , 1S62, I had the 
 honor of proposing to the Governor and Council the following resolu- 
 tion : 
 
 " Resolved, That it be referred to the Chief of Justice and Police, 
 to inquire into and report on the propriety of rescinding, suspending or 
 modifying any Act or resolution of the General Assembly of this State, 
 giving power to the Governor and commanding General or Generals of 
 the Confederate States, in South Carolina, to impress and seize, without 
 notice, the negroes and other property of the citizens of this State ; 
 also, upon the expediency of adopting such resolutions as will at the 
 same time procure prompt and efficient labor to the Confederate Govern- 
 ment in this State, and protect the citizens from unnecessary irritation 
 or injustice." 
 
 It was not acted on, for some good reason, I suppose, probably be- 
 cause we were induced to believe that each call would be the last. 
 This Department after that had no connection with the subject. Sub- 
 sequently, it was considered by me only as a member of the Council. 
 My communications on that subject will be found in the accompanying 
 papers (No. 18). I ask attention to the correspondence between Gen. 
 Ripley and myself, as early as February last, to show that the Confed- 
 
28 
 
 erate commanders did not then contemplate the present magnitude of 
 their works, as I have recently affirmed, in my communication to the 
 Commissioners of Roads for Abbeville. 
 
 Eariy in July last, information was received from General Pemberton, 
 announcing the advance of the enemy's gunboats up the Santee, and 
 asking for State troops to defend the railroad bridge across that stream. 
 Adjutant General DeSaussure was immediately dispatched to organize 
 the force called out, and conduct the movement. For an account of 
 his proceedings T refer to his report, herewith sent. (See accompanying 
 papers, No. 14.) 
 
 The Legislature, at its extra session in 1861, appropriated the sum of 
 twenty thousand dollars for recruiting and reenlisting the regular forces 
 of the State. And again, in December, at the regular session, by reso- 
 lution, authorized the Governor to apply the additional sum of fifteen 
 thousand dollars to the same purpose. What proportion of this sum 
 was expended before the formation of this Department, I have no means 
 of ascertaining. • Since that time seventeen thousand dollars have been 
 expended, or remitted to the following officers : 
 
 To Major Thomas Wagner §12,500 
 
 To Major J. C. Simkins 2,500 
 
 To Captain T. B. Ferguson 2,000 
 
 §17,000 
 
 All returns of moneys spent are made and vouched at the Department 
 of the Treasury, and as none have reached me, I refer you to the Chief 
 of that Department for further information. I believe, however, that 
 there has been no regular return, except by Major Simkins. 
 
 QUARTERMASTER GENERAL' S BUREAU. 
 
 For the condition in which this bureau was found, for the changes in 
 its organization I had the honor to suggest, in order to make its opera- 
 tion lawful, efficient, and more economical, I ask leave to refer to a 
 report made by me in February last. (See accompanying papers, No. 
 15.) The returns made in obedieuce to orders from this Department 
 show that, notwithstanding the heavy payments made during three 
 months, from the first of October, 1861, to thirty-first December, 1801, 
 amounting to 8370,177 17, this bureau was, on the first day of Jauuary, 
 1862, burdened with a debt of nearly §170,000. It was consequently 
 trammeled in its operations. It might have been profitable, if it had 
 
29 
 
 been possible, to pursue the investigations through a period anterior, 
 but this could not be done, because I have failed to obtain any satisfac- 
 tory records or returns, or any showing whatever, previous to the admin- 
 istration of the late Col. Glover. And even from these I am unable to 
 collect that detailed information on some points which it was desirable 
 to present in this report. There is, however, sufficient evidence to show 
 that a large part of this heavy expenditure was made on account of the 
 clothing department, established under the order of your Excellency, in 
 September, 1861. Should the amount due for clothing ever be collected, 
 it will properly go to the credit of that outlay, as should also a due pro- 
 portion of the issues of the present year, and of the stock on hand on 
 the first day of July, 18G2. 
 
 The cash transactions of the first two quarters of the current year, as 
 condensed from the returns on file in this Department, exhibit the fol. 
 lowing results: (See Appendix, F.) 
 
 Receipts from all sources, from January 1 to July 1, 1862. ..$274,522 05 
 Expenditures for all purposes 289,702 29 
 
 ♦Balance on hand July 1, 1862 £34,819 76 
 
 Of this balance, §30,000 are held in thirty several Confederate bonds, 
 bearing eight per cent, interest, which I directed the Quartermaster 
 General to take in payment for sales made to the Confederate Govern- 
 ment. The annual interest of these bonds will more than pay the salary 
 of the Quartermaster General. Of the expenditures, §109,*047 56, 
 more than three-fourths of the whole amount, were required to meet 
 the liabilities incurred before this Department was established, leaving 
 the comparatively moderate expenditure of 870,654 73 for the transac- 
 tions of the current year. This sum includes the extraordinary expense 
 of removing the bureau and stores from Charleston to Columbia. The 
 changes in the bureau force, suggested in my report, referred to, and 
 authorized by. the Governor and Council, have been made. The results, 
 as exhibited in the Appendix (marked G.), show a reduction of more 
 than half in the item of salaries, an aunual saving, when compared with 
 the highest expenditure, as shown in the account, of $8,305 60, and 
 
 * Balance on hand July 1 .§34,810 76 
 
 Receipts during July 55,056 19 
 
 {89,874 05 
 Expenditures during July 6,484 4'i 
 
 Balance on hand first of August, 1862 §83,390 53 
 
30 
 
 when compared with the lowest, an annual saving of SG,205 GO. Not- 
 withstanding this effort at economy, the operations of the bureau have 
 been conducted with a vigor and promptitude fully adequate to any 
 demand which lias been, and, it is believed, which may be made upon 
 it. It is now entirely free from debt, and I have no doubt that its efficient 
 condition will not only be sustained, but increased, by the able, energetic 
 and experienced chief now at its head. 
 
 Exhibit II., in the Appendix, is an abstract of the purchase and issue 
 of leading articles from the first of January to the first of July, L862. 
 
 In my report of the seventh of February last (before referred to, aa 
 No. 15, accompanying papers), I called the attention of the Governor 
 and Council to the fact, that the mode of supplying clothing, &c, to 
 the soldiers, was not in accordance with the Act of Congress, passed 
 August, 1861, and by dealing with the captains of companies instead 
 of directly with the Secretary of War, as the law provides, I feared 
 would occasion great loss to the State. I stated that I did not dis- 
 continue the system at once, because our interests had already become 
 entangled with it, but I urged such discontinuance at as early a day iu 
 the future as they would permit. 
 
 The results of the system are more disastrous than I then thought 
 possible. Although the returns indicate a large increase in the collec- 
 tions for clothing sold, as will be seen in Exhibit F. (before referred 
 to), still, on the first day of July, 1862, there was due by officers for 
 clothing thus sold them, the sum of §127,288 9-4, and it is presumed 
 that no considerable portion of this amount will ever be collected, as 
 the frequent changes occurring from death, transfer, discharge, promo- 
 tion, &c, will render the most untiring efforts for that purpose 
 unsuccessful. 
 
 But this loss, large as it is, does not cover the question. The ad- 
 vanced price of clothing material has rendered the fifty dollars commu- 
 tation allowed the soldier for elothiug inadequate, as will be seen by 
 reference to a tabular statement accompanying the repo\t of General 
 Jones on this subject. (It is appended, marked I. ; also, see the accom- 
 panying papers, No. 16.) From this statement it appears that, by pur- 
 suing this system to the same extent as heretofore, and with half the 
 number of men we have now in the field, the State would lose, in one 
 year, the sum of nine hundred and forty thousand dollars, cveu were 
 we able to collect every dollar of the commutation money. The risk of 
 this enormous loss, as well as that actually sustained, was entirely unne- 
 cessary, in my judgment, as the Act referred to provides, "in case any 
 
31 
 
 State shall furnish to its troops and volunteers in the Confederate ser- 
 vice such clothing, then the Secretary of War is required to pay over to 
 the Governor of such State the money value of the clothing so furnished." 
 Such being the case, I have directed the Quartermaster General to dis- 
 continue the system in its present form, but obtained the authority of 
 the Governor and Couucil to continue the traveling agent in Virginia 
 for the present, with a view of making further collections, if possible. 
 
 In accordance with the resolution of the Governor and Council, 
 adopted the twenty-eighth of April, 1862, I have appointed General 
 James Jones a commission to inquire into and report upon the matter 
 of future supply of clothing for all our troops. I have his report now 
 before me. 
 
 In cbedience to the resolution of the eighth of August, 1862, I have 
 ordered all the officers therein named under bond. 
 
 COMMISSARY GENEBAIi'b BUREAU. 
 
 I found this bureau in admirable condition, and in the hands of the 
 efficient officer now at its head. The stores on hand were, in some res- 
 pects, limited, but measures had been previously taken to increase them 
 largely. 
 
 The cash transactions for the present year are shown in the Exhibit 
 marked J., in the Appendix.. They present the following aggregate 
 results : 
 
 Receipts from all sources 8152,952 44 
 
 Expenditures for all purposes 132,686 23 
 
 Balance on hand the first of July, 1862 820,256 21 
 
 Exhibit K. shows the cost value of stores on hand on the first day of 
 July, 1862, to be 8117,211 21. Their present market value is more 
 than double that amount. This statement does not include the heavy 
 stores of beef and bacon cured and packed in the upper Districts by Mr. 
 Robert Adger. The correspondence in this Department shows that this 
 patriotic citizen, failing to receive any authority or guaranty from the 
 State, upon the earnest assurance of Colonel Walker, the Commissary 
 General, that he deemed the measure of vital importance to the welfare 
 of the country, assumed all the risk, advanced the funds, and devoted 
 his time trmtuitously to the purchasing, slaying, curing and packing of 
 beeves and hogs, to the extent of more than one hundred tons in weight, 
 which he placed at the control of the State. Such conduct, in these 
 
32 
 
 times of extortion, stands out in bold relief, and merits, as it will receive, 
 the admiration and gratitude of his country. The Commissary General, 
 while receiving this valuable contribution, is now engaged in settling 
 the account of Mr. Adger. 
 
 Exhibit L. will show the leading purchases, issues and balances for 
 the present year. From statement J. it appears that the Confederate 
 Commissary lias been, to a large extent, supplied from our stores. By 
 reference to the orders and correspondence (see accompanying papers, 
 No. 17), it will appear that I ordered a temporary discontinuance of 
 these sales, for reasons assigned, giving to the Commissary General dis- 
 cretion to resume in conformity to the general purpose I had in view. 
 This measure was attended with very favorable results, inasmuch as 
 heavy stores, in consequence, were purchased by the Confederate Gov- 
 ernment from the Sea Islands and abandoned and exposed plantations, 
 while the State was thus enabled to husband its already secure supply j 
 to meet unforeseen contingencies. 
 
 The accompanying papers (No. 18) will show that I ordered the col- 
 lection and purchase of three thousand casks of rice from exposed 
 regions, and afterwards, by authority, duplicated the quantity. 
 
 Owing to the extravagant prices demauded for provisions, I have 
 deemed it expedient to instruct the Commissary General to supply the 
 Commissariat of the South Carolina Military Academy with stores at 
 cost prices, thereby effecting a large saving to the State, without im- 
 pairing our resources to any appreciable extent. 
 
 From time to time our stores have been carefully inspected, and 
 reported in good condition. 
 
 The one hundred and eighty-six sacks of salt, seized in Cheraw last 
 fall, by the order of your Excellency, was, by authority, sold as directed 
 in my order. (See accompanying papers, No. 19.) 
 
 1 have, also under authority, directed the Commissary General to 
 distribute the eighty sacks of ocean salt we have on hand to the Sol- 
 diers' Relief Associations of the several Districts, to be sold in small 
 quantities, at cost, to the families of our soldiers in service. The upper 
 and more populous Districts have received the first supply, and we 
 expect to send, as fast as it comes to hand, a due proportion to each 
 District in the State. I have purchased, for the sum of four thousand 
 five hundred dollars, a large brick store, for the use of this and other 
 Departments. The purchase is a good one, and the title is in the 
 State. The building can now be sold at a large advance, if the State 
 desires to sell. 
 
33 
 
 Exhibit L. also shows the locality of the stores, &c, where they are 
 deemed safe. Notwithstanding the heavy expense of transporting them 
 into the interior, there has been a considerable reduction in the bureau 
 expenses. 
 
 SURGEON GENERAL'S BUREAU. 
 
 This bureau, in charge of the Surgeon General, has not been organ- 
 ized in accordance with the plan suggested in his report (see accompa- 
 nying papers, No. 20), because we have had no large bodies of organized 
 forces in State Service. Should, however, the Confederate Govern- 
 ment leave our present organization undisturbed, it might be well to 
 consider and act upon the suggestion of this officer. 
 
 The cash transactions have been as follows : 
 
 Received from Treasury, under appropriations of the Leg- 
 islature $2,000 00 
 
 Expenditures on Hospital account, as per vouchers filed in 
 this office 763 12 
 
 Balance on hand §1,236 88 
 
 At the suggestion of the Surgeon General, I issued an order, in July 
 last, directing the establishment of a Way-side Hospital at Kingsville ; 
 since which date it has, under temporary arrangements, dispensed its 
 benefits to the sick and wounded soldier on the way. I am happy to 
 be informed, by the Surgeon General, that the permanent hospital 
 building is nearly ready for occupation ; and with the facilities now at 
 our command, we have good reason to hope that the sufferings of the 
 soldiers in transitu will be greatly alleviated. 
 
 In the latter part of March, I obtained the authority of the Governor 
 and Council to transmit, by the hands of a trusty agent, exchange on 
 Europe for the purpose of replenishing our exhausted medical stores. 
 We have quite recently received the bulk of our purchases safely, and 
 I trust that the Surgeon General will have it in his power to open and 
 report upon them before this report is closed. From the supplies 
 received, I have directed him to sell to our soldiers in service an half- 
 ounce of quinine each, at one-half the current rates. 
 
 PAYMASTER GENERAL'S BUREAU. 
 
 This bureau, like that of the Quartermaster General, was burdened 
 with pressing claims. The troops called out by your Excellency, in 
 5 
 
34 
 
 November, 18G1 , and placed under the command of Confederate officers, 
 although never regularly mustered into Confederate service, being all the 
 time, however, actively employed under Confederate authority, it was 
 hoped that the Confederate Government would pay them; this it failed 
 to do, and our unpaid soldiery became clamorous for their pay. Imme- 
 diately after taking charge of my Department, I presented these facts 
 to the Secretary of War, who replied that the State must meet these 
 claims for the present, and leave the matter for future adjustment with 
 the Confederate Government. 1 then, under authority, instructed the 
 paymaster to prepare estimates. The operations of this bureau have 
 been principally confined to the examination and settlement of these 
 claims. 
 
 The cash transactions, exhibited in the Appendix (marked M.), show 
 the following aggregate results : 
 
 Receipts from all sources, to 30th of June $57,788 89 
 
 Expenditures for all purposes " " " 54,405 23 
 
 Balance on hand the first of July £3,3s; 66 
 
 The Paymaster General has no clerical force in his bureau, and has 
 faithfully discharged the duties of his office. 
 
 engineer's bureau. 
 
 The State has no organized Bureau of Engineers, nor any engineer 
 corps; but under this head I may refer, with propriety, to several 
 reconnoissances made under my instruction. (See accompanying papers, 
 No. 21.) 
 
 With a view to obstruction and defence, in February* last, I caused 
 a reconnoissance to be made of the Santee and Pee Dee rivers. Th^ 
 first was conducted by a commission composed of Messrs. John L. 
 Manning, John 11. Niernsee and John Macrae. It w y as thoroughly 
 done, as will appear by the report of the ccftnmission, herewith sent. 
 The obstruction in the Santee was not immediately begun, as it was not 
 deemed, at that time, necessary, the enemy not then being in possession 
 of any gunboats of draft light enough to pass the bar at the mouth of 
 the river. Not feeling easy, however, for the safety of the railroad 
 bridge across that stream, and of the plantations below, I directed the 
 obstruction to be made some time in May last. It is not, however, suf- 
 ficient, and I am now prepared to make it of a character so formidable 
 that no boat can pass, provided 5t is defended by a battery and a few 
 
35 
 
 rifles. The direction of the work will be under Mr. Niernsee, in whose 
 engineering skill and ability I have gre,at confidence. This obstruction 
 is below Lanneau's Ferry, and will guard both the Congaree and Waterec 
 rivers. 
 
 The reconnoissance and obstruction of the Pee Dee river were intrusted 
 to a commission consisting of Generals Harlle'6 and Gonzales,* Mr. 
 Geddes and others. This obstruction, at Stone's Landing, on the Pee 
 Dee, has been complete for many months. The work was promptly 
 and energetically done. It is supposed to be adequate, and is guarded 
 by a battery and some infantry. For further information on this sub- 
 ject, I refer your Excellency to the report of General Harllee, which is 
 herewith sent. 
 
 jThe cost of the reconnoissanccs was but small — the gentlemen of the 
 commission charging only their personal expenses. The obstruction on 
 the Pee Dee cost us, according to the report, four thousand four hun- 
 dred and twenty-six dollars. That on the Santee is not complete, but 
 we suppose will not cost more. 
 
 I caused still another reconnoissance to be made, which was of the 
 mountain passes leading to this State from Tennessee, North Carolina 
 and Georgia. This was performed by Messrs. J. R. Niernsee and John 
 Macrae. It may yet prove very useful. For the manner in which it 
 was done, and for full information on the subject, I take great pleasure 
 in referring you t6 the elaborate report of these gentlemen, herewith 
 sent, and to the beautiful map which accompanies it. 
 
 The entire cost of all the reconnoissances and obstructions, as far as 
 rendered, will be seen to be comparatively small. (See Appendix N.) 
 
 Expenditures $5,458 33 
 
 Cash drawn from Treasury 5,458 33 
 
 ORDNANCE BUREAU. 
 
 On assuming the supervision of this bureau, I discovered that its 
 large stores of ordnance and small arms had been scattered broadcast 
 over the Confederacy, and its efficiency much injured by an irregularity 
 which I will notice hereafter, and of which the able officer in charge 
 complained. As the best method of presenting its condition, I propose 
 a brief review of the operations of 1861. A tabular statement, pre- 
 pared from reliable data, furnished by the laborious investigations and 
 elaborate reports of Major Eason and Captain Thomas, is hereto 
 appeuded (marked 0.), and shows the followiug results: 
 
36 
 
 Tlcavy Ordnance — On hand December, 1860 103 
 
 Purchased from Tredegar Works in 1861 10 
 
 113 
 
 Issued 100 
 
 On hand the first of January, 1862 13 
 
 Field Artillery — On* hand December, 1860 66 
 
 Donated by Messrs. Fraser & Co 2 
 
 " " P. C. J. Weston & C. K. Prioleau, 1 
 / each 2 
 
 70 
 
 Issued 52 
 
 On hand the first of January, 1862 18 
 
 Muskets and Rijles— On hand December, 1860 27,407 
 
 Bought by order of Governor Gist 4,850 
 
 32,257 
 
 Issued or unaccounted for 29,086 
 
 3,171 
 
 Deduct condemned, " Irreparable " 452 
 
 On hand the first of January, 1862 2,719 
 
 Of side arms, two thousand two hundred and seventy-one pistols, and 
 two thousand three hundred and thirteen swords and sabres, had been 
 distributed, leaving none of the former, and only three hundred and 
 thirty-five of the latter, on hand the first of January, 1862. 
 Powder — On hand December, 1860, pounds of, 20,400 
 
 Purchased in 1801 417,550 
 
 437,950 
 
 Issued 373,897 
 
 64,053 
 Deduct old and damaged... 4 ; 843 
 
 On hand first of January, 1862, pounds of, 59,210 
 
 From the statistical tables (accompanying papers, No. 22,) it ap- 
 pears that a large proportion of these issues were sent beyond the limits 
 of the State, to various points in Tennessee, Florida, Georgia, North 
 Carolina and Virginia. With reference to the irregularity in the 
 bureau, of which I have spoken, I submit the following extract from 
 the able report of Major Edward Manigault to the Board of Ordnance, 
 made November twenty-first, 1861: 
 
37 
 
 "There is one crying evil which I must state broadly and distinctly. 
 The Arsenal Keepers in Charleston and Columbia arc instructed to 
 issue ordnance and ordnance stores on the order of the Governor, or 
 his Adjutant General; on that of the Board of Visitors; on that of the 
 Board of Ordnance, through their Chairman; on that of the Chief of 
 Ordnance, and to the Major General of the Militia commanding the 
 division in which the arsenal is. Whatever the precise instructions 
 may have been, there is no doubt this has been the practice." In con- 
 sequence of this irregularity, it became necessary to give the ordnance 
 officer an order not to issue any ordnance or ordnance stores without 
 the express order of this Department, or of the Governor and Council. 
 
 The weakened condition of this most important branch of our mili- 
 tary strength was more deplorable, because existing at a time when the 
 enemy, flushed with having successfully established himself at Port 
 Royal, was arrogantly threatening our speedy subjugation. Prompt 
 and efficient action was required to place this bureau in a condition of 
 adequate supply. 
 
 At the first meeting of the Executive Council, on the ninth of 
 January last, I had the honor to propose the resolution then adopted. 
 (See accompanying papers, No. 23.) Under its provisions, I forth- 
 with published a call for the collection and return of State arms and 
 equipments, inviting those who had more than one rifle or double- 
 barrel gun to send them to the Department, to be paid for at a fair 
 valuation. I corresponded with parties of known energy and prudence, 
 authorizing them to collect public arms, and purchase effective weapons 
 in private hands, and appointed Captain T. W. Iladcliffe General 
 Agent of the State for that purpose, giving him authority to appoint 
 sub-agents, under instructions. 
 
 The result of this movement was not only to secure some hundreds 
 of serviceable rifles and double-barrel guns, but also to gather into the 
 State Arsenals several thousand public arms and accoutrements, nearly 
 all of them serviceable, or susceptible of being rendered so, and four 
 light bronze field pieces, with equipments. In addition, valuable dona- 
 tions of small arms, lead, brass, &c, were made by patriotic citizens; 
 and various congregations and corporations, moved by a holy impulse, 
 freely forwarded their bells to be moulded into cannon. The accom- 
 panying papers (No. 24) furnish the more important details of these 
 collections and contributions. 
 
 Under the direction of the Governor and Council, I appointed Mr. 
 David Lopez General Superintendent for the manufacture and repair 
 
of small arms. | Sec accompanying papers, No. 25.) For the repair 
 of arms, and the manufacture of pikes, in which I had never an}* faith, 
 the work-simps were occupied in the State House grounds. At this 
 period, the demand upon my time and attention from this and all the 
 bureaus, and from an infinite number of other sources, became so 
 oppressive, that I obtained the assent of the Governor and Council to 
 form the Department of Construction and Manufacture, to the control 
 of which was assigned the Hon. W. II. Gist, in whose hands the work 
 has been energetically pressed. For further information on the subject, 
 I refer you to his report. 
 
 In the latter part of March, under authority, I transmitted, by Mr. 
 Evans, of Charleston, a bill of exchange on England for the purchase 
 of rifles, ammunition, equipments, medicines, iVe. Nearly all have 
 safely reached us. Some cases were thrown overboard while running 
 the blockade. Of the rifles (Enfield), we have now at the Arsenal at 
 Columbia 2,535. The purchases made under this adventure could now 
 be sold for five times their cost. 
 
 Under authority, a revolving cannon has been purchased by the 
 Department, and is now in good hands, from which we expect good 
 service. It was only lent to the Confederate officer, and is subject at 
 any moment to the order of the State. 
 
 Efforts to procure powder have not availed much to increase our 
 stock; but what we had on hand has been carefully husbanded, and 
 issued only when the public good demanded it. At an early period, 
 the Confederate Government was notified that our stock was low, and 
 that they must look elsewhere for supplies. It will appear in another 
 part of the report that due attention has been given to the production 
 of the material most, essential to the manufacture of gunpowder. 
 
 An examination of the exhibit 0., before referred to, will show that 
 the stock of fixed ammunition for small arms has been more than 
 tripled since first of January last, requiring over 12,000 pounds of 
 powder. This table will also show the gratifying result of my efforts 
 to procure arms. 
 
 During the year we have issued 7,397 effective rifles and muskets — 
 more than three times the number we had on hand on the first of 
 January last — among them the 1,000 received by your Excellency 
 from llichmond some time last winter or spring; and we have now on 
 hand 7,710, nearly triple, also, the number in January. Among those 
 we have now, one-third are new, first class Enfield rifles, and all in 
 good condition. The statement does not include the guns now in the 
 
39 
 
 wort shops in Greenville for repair. Of side arms, also, we began the 
 year with little, have made large issues, and have a fair supply on hand. 
 
 The small supply of heavy ordnance, with the collection we have 
 been able to mate, has been exhausted by the constant and heavy 
 demand of the Confederate Government for the defence of Charleston. 
 None, however, has been sent out of the State. We have but two on 
 hand. The field artillery has been increased thirty-one pieces since 
 January last, but the issues have tept pace with the additions, leaving 
 at this time but eighteen light pieces. There were twenty-two artillery 
 carriages on hand on the first of January, many of them old, and some 
 worthless. The supply was increased by twenty-seven new, or 
 thoroughly repaired; but the demand around Charleston has reduced 
 the total number on hand to eighteen. The supply of prepared pro- 
 jectiles has been more thau doubled, and the unprepared sustained. 
 These facts speat well for the energy and efficiency of Major Eason, 
 now at the head of the bureau. 
 
 A large quantity of lead has been purchased, and besides that 
 moulded, we have now on hand 21,000 pounds. We have been able 
 to mate slight additions to our cannon caps, and an increase to the 
 stoct for small anus. I have endeavored to obtain adequate supplies 
 from the Secretary of War, but although promised, they have never 
 been received. With the exception of powder and heavy ordnance, 
 the bureau will be adequate to all probable and reasonable demands. 
 It is now in good condition. 
 
 Exhibits Iv., S., T., U. and V. show the issues of all classes to the 
 Confederate Government during the present year. 
 
 It was deemed prudent to move the heavier and more important 
 stores from Charleston to Columbia. The construction, therefore, of a 
 new magazine became necessary. Captain Thomas was ordered to have 
 one built. It is finished, received, will contain 100,000 pounds of 
 powder, and cost the State §1,200. Guns repaired under some con- 
 tracts which I have been unable to see, were so defective that large 
 numbers were constantly returned to be done aneW. To the force of 
 the bureau it became necessary to add a first class armorer. But, not- 
 withstanding the increase of the bureau force, its expenses are over 
 two thousand dollars less per annum thau those of last year. 
 
 Appended (marked P.) will be found an exhibit of the cash transac- 
 tions for 1861, and, notwithstanding the heavy expenditure, the 
 bureau, like some of the others, was burdened with debt. Some 
 §33,000 of old obligations have been paid since January last. 
 
40 
 
 The cash transactions for the first two quarters of this year will be 
 seen in exhibit Q., anfl iuay be stated generally : 
 
 Receipts from all sources §109,176 54 
 
 Expenditures for all purposes 106,776 60 
 
 ♦Balance on hand the first of July 2,399 94 
 
 Most of the troops from South Carolina, in Confederate service, havo 
 been armed by the State, and it is believed that we will never be ablo 
 to reclaim them. The Confederate Government, as I understand, 
 refuses to redeliver to the States, but assumes the ground that the 
 arms have become Confederate property, to be accounted for in a future 
 settlement. How far we will be able to make out a full account from 
 the beginning, I am unable to say. The Confederate Government has 
 made application for the arms imported by the State under order of this 
 Department. I have taken the liberty to decline to turn them over, 
 and recommend that we shall never again strip the State of the means 
 of self-defence. 
 
 LEAD MINE. 
 
 Under authority of a resolution introduced by your Excellency, I 
 availed myself of the proffered scientific skill and services of Dr. John 
 LeConte, to examine the lead mines in the State. The lead mine iu 
 Spartanburg he reports to be rich in ore, and easily worked. Arrange- 
 ments have been made with the proprietor, Mr. Cammeron, to place it 
 for a time in the hands of the State without charge, until all expenses 
 incurred shall be paid, and after that time to receive a certain ratio of 
 the yield. Dr. LeConte has taken steps to procure the necessary skilled 
 labor to work the mine. (See accompanying papers, No. 25.) 
 
 SALTPETRE PLANTATION. 
 
 In the early part of the present war, and for some time anterior, one 
 of the greatest sources of anxiety to the Government, and to the intelli- 
 gent citizen, was the very limited, in fact the totally inadequate, Fupply 
 of gunpowder. We were, to a great extent, cut off from the foreign 
 world, from whence alone we could procure a sufficient quantity. To 
 
 •Balance on hand July 1 $2,399 94 
 
 Receipts during July 28,228 03 
 
 $25,(527 97 
 Expenditures during July 20,385 91 
 
 Balance on hand August 1 %... $5,242 06 
 
41 
 
 manufacture a sufficiency to meet the wants of the army in every quar- 
 ter, was beyond our power. The chief ingredient, seventy-five per 
 cent, of which enters into the manufacture, was at the time beyond our 
 reach. It is true that there were within the limits of the Confederacy 
 saltpetre caves, but their yield was far short of our necessities. There 
 was but one way to supply the deficiency, and that was to produce it 
 ourselves. Accordingly, early in February last, I caused a brief state- 
 ment of the process of production to be published, and called upon all 
 who could to aid us by making it. To this there was no response. I" 
 determined then to produce it under the immediate direction of this 
 Department. On the fourteenth of March, I had the honor to intro- 
 duce a resolution authorizing me to do so. The authority was granted. 
 On the twenty-first of the same month, I wrote to Dr. W. Hutson Ford, 
 who was then a Surgeon in the army on the coast, requesting him to 
 uudcrtake the superintendence of the plantation. General Femberton 
 at once detailed him, and he reported here without delay. * On the 
 twenty-eighth of March, Dr. Ford was appointed Superintendent, and 
 entered at once upon the discharge of his duties, with great zeal and 
 intelligence. 
 
 Five acres of land were leased for this purpose, at an almost nominal 
 rate, from Dr. Farker, and the necessary sheds, buildings, &c, con- 
 structed. A large number of beds have been made, which are in rapid 
 process of nitrification. What quantity of nitre may be expected from 
 them, cannot now be accurately stated, but it is hoped and expected 
 that after a period of from eight to twelve months from the time they 
 were made, that we may obtain at least one thousand pounds daily, 
 which would make one thousand three hundred and thirty-three pounds 
 gunpowder. In order to produce it more rapidly, I have ordered the 
 preparation of a wagon train, with troughs, pans, &c. This can be 
 done by extracting such earth beneath buildings in Columbia, and the 
 adjacent country, as is generally found to contain nitre. By these 
 means we can produce saltpetre enough to insure a constant supply to 
 manufacture a sufficient quantity of powder for the wants of the State, 
 at all times. (See report of Dr. Ford, in accompanying papers, No. 
 26.) The sulphur and charcoal can always be obtained. 
 
 It is believed that the saltpetre plantation, under the charge of Dr. 
 Ford, is the first ever established on this continent; and I must here 
 express my obligations to Dr. Joseph LeConte, for his valuable aid in 
 establishing this plantation. A copy of his "instructions for the man- 
 ufacture of saltpetre," is herewith presented to you. The cost of the 
 6 
 
42 
 
 plantation, up to the first of July, 1862, as per Exhibit "W., appended, 
 is as follows : 
 
 Receipts from Treasury, 89,488 10 
 
 Expenditures to first of September, 9,100 59 
 
 Balance on hand September 1, 1862, 8387 51 
 
 GUNBOAT. 
 
 An appropriation of three hundred thousand dollars was ordered by 
 the Convention, at its last meeting, for building a marine battery or 
 ram, and for the' construction or purchase of other vessels adapted to 
 coast or inland defence, and the Governor and Council were " empow- 
 ered, on cousult::tion with the officer of the Confederate Navy for the 
 time being in command of the Military District whereof the city of 
 Charleston forms a part, to order the building or purchase of said ves- 
 sels." 
 
 During ray first tour of duty iu Charleston, in the latter part of Jan- 
 uary, I conferred freely with Commodore Ingraham on this subject; 
 and subsequently, on the twelfth of February, in obedience to a resolu- 
 tion introduced by your Excellency, I communicated with him in writ- 
 ing. He referred me to flag-officer Tatnall, commanding in the waters 
 of South Carolina, then at Savannah. As the enemy's fleet intervened 
 between that officer and the harbor of Charleston, I addressed the Pres- 
 ident, at the request of the Governor and Council, asking that Commo- 
 dore Ingraham might be placed in command of naval affairs in Charleston. 
 Commodore Ingraham, Captain Hamilton and G. A. Trenholra, were 
 appointed a commission to carry out the resolution of the Convention, 
 and notified that the fund was subject to their order. 
 
 This commission did not act, because it was thought unnecessary to 
 use the funds, and impracticable to obtain workmen and material — the 
 Confederate Government having already given orders to Commodore 
 Ingraham to build a boat of like character, and six gunboats of smaller 
 class. Thus the matter was suspended until the eighth of April, when, 
 being notified of a change in the condition of things, which made it 
 expedient to undertake the construction of an iron-clad vessel, another 
 commission, consisting of Messrs. J. K. Sass, G. A. Trenholm, C. M. 
 Eurmau, W. C. Courtenay, and W. B. Heriot, was appointed, the ap- 
 propriation placed at their disposal, and after unavoidable delays, the 
 enterprise was fairly commenced on the ninth day of April. 
 
 For the manner in which the work has been carried forward, as well 
 
 % 
 
43 
 
 as an accurate description of the boat, I ask leave to refer to the report 
 of the commission, in the accompanying papers (No. 27). The " Chi- 
 cora" was successfully launched on the twenty-third day of August, 
 and now rides beautifully on the waters. The vessel will be transferred, 
 on completion, by name to the Confederate Government, pursuant to 
 an agreement with the Secretary of the Navy to do so, on being reim- 
 bursed the entire cost. 
 
 The commission, under authority asked for and obtained, are pro- 
 ceeding with arrangements to build two more gunboats as rapidly as 
 possible — one of them to be of lighter draft, for river defe-nce. 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 It will be seen that the reports of bureaus are made in full up to the 
 first of July only, except that of the saltpetre plantation, which is made 
 in full up to the first of September. This is done because the monthly 
 statements form only partial items of the quarterly accounts. Wherever 
 the transactions for July have involved matters of moment, I have given 
 a synopsis of them, aud may remark that the statements for that month 
 indicate a continued careful compliance with the "Army Regulations." 
 
 I append a statement (marked X.), showing at a glance the object for 
 which each expenditure was made, the amount of the expenditure, and 
 the authority under which it was made. 
 
 The multiplicity of subjects, and infinite details connected with the 
 operations of this Department, have enlarged my report beyond the 1 
 volume within which 1 would have been pleased to encompass it, but 
 anything less would not have presented the " business and condition" 
 of the Department. 
 
 All of which is respectfully submitted, 
 
 JAMES CHESNUT, Jr., 
 Chief of the Department of the Military of South Carolina. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Executive Council Chamber, 
 January 17, 1862. 
 Rules made and established by the Governor and Council for the man- 
 agement of the Department of the Military of the State. 
 
 Rule I. It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Military Depart- 
 ment to examine into the military condition of South Carolina, which 
 includes the returns and present condition of the troops^ in service, and 
 the militia not in service, together with the number, amount and con- 
 dition of arms, ordnance, ammunition, clothing and supplies, and to 
 report the same to the Governor and Council. 
 
 Rule II. It shall be the duty of the Chief of said Department to 
 keep in proper form and report regular and exact returns of the mili- 
 tary force of the State in Confederate service and in the militia of the 
 State, and of all military stores, arms, equipments and supplies in the 
 magazines and other places in the State, and to order, receive and take 
 them, and all arms, ammunition and equipments, from officers and 
 other persons in whose possession they may be, which belong to the 
 State and are not used in actual service, and to direct them to such 
 places as he may deem proper. 
 
 Rule III. The Chief of said Department shall form estimates for 
 all such stores, arms, ammunition, equipments, clothes and supplies, as 
 may be requisite for the military service of this State and the contin- 
 gencies of Confederate demand, and providing adequate magazines for 
 the same where such do not now exist, and report the same to the 
 Governor and Council, that due provision may be made therefor. 
 
 Rule IV. The Chief of said Department shall give directions neces- 
 sary to carry into operation all resolutions and directions of the Gover- 
 nor and Council, by orders through the Adjutant and Inspector 
 General's Department, for raising, arming and equipping troops for the 
 
46 
 
 service of the State and of the Confederate States, under the authority 
 of the State, and for organizing, providing and inspecting the same; 
 and to direct the arrangement, distribution, transportation and operation 
 
 of such troops (till mustered into Confederate service) as may be 
 brought into the service of the State under and subject to the orders of * 
 the Governor and Council, and to provide for the transportation, safe 
 keeping and distribution of supplies necessary for the troops called into 
 the service of the State, or which the contingency of the Confederate 
 service may appear to require. 
 
 Rule V. The Chief of the said Department is vested with all such 
 powers as are necessary for a full performance of the duties above 
 specified, or which may hereafter be imposed, and to this end he may 
 supervise, direct and give all proper orders to the Commissary, Ord- 
 nance, Quartermaster and Medical Departments of the military organi- 
 zation of the State, and command all officers aud employees in the 
 military service of the State, and to depute to them such matter aud at 
 such times as he may see proper. He is vested with further power to 
 remove all persons employed iu any of the Departments aforesaid, and 
 to appoint others in their stead ; but all such orders, removals and ap- 
 pointments, shall be done by orders through the Adjutant aud Inspec- 
 tor General's Department, and shall be reported to the Governor and 
 Council at their next meeting thereafter, aud be subject to the control 
 of the same. Appointments to all vacancies iu the military service 
 of the State heretofore vested by law in the Governor, shall be vested 
 in the Chief of the Military Department, subject to the previous 
 decision of the Governor and Council. 
 
 IIule VI. The Chief of the Military Department shall keep a book 
 or books, in which all orders and directions made or given by him shall 
 be transcribed, and the same shall be submitted to the Governor aud 
 Couucil at each successive meeting; and to enable hiin to discharge 
 such duties as are imposed, he is authorized to employ one or more 
 clerks, upou such compensation as may be fixed by the Governor and 
 Council. 
 
 By order of the Governor and Council. 
 
 F. J. MOSES, Jr., Secretary. 
 
47 
 
 B. 
 
 Statement of South Carolina Troops mustered into the service of the 
 Confederate States, or under Confederate orders, on the first day of 
 January, 18G2, compiled from the reports of the Adjutant and In- 
 spector General of South Carolina. 
 
 Style of Organiza 
 iioh. 
 
 Name op 
 Commander. 
 
 Arm of 
 
 1st Regt. S. C. Vols 
 
 2d " 
 
 3i •' 
 
 4th " 
 
 5th " " " 
 
 6th " " " 
 
 7,1, « .< a 
 
 8th " 
 llth " 
 
 Hampton's region.... 
 Calhoun's U. Bat'rj 
 Mangum's Company 
 Boj kin s Rangers ... 
 Kirkwood Rat 
 
 Artillery 
 
 i- Regt. S. C. Vols 
 
 yih •• 
 
 10th " " " 
 12th " 
 
 18th " " « 
 14th " " 
 15th " " " 
 16th " 
 17th " " 
 Holcombe L igi n. ... 
 
 s. i . Regulars 
 
 Coast Rangers 
 
 Rifle Battalion 
 
 Bin k's Squadron 
 
 Palmetto Batt iilon... 
 Manittault's Battal'D 
 
 Lam ir'e Artillery 
 
 Laurens Battalion.... 
 
 Boyce's Company 
 
 tin's Rifle Regiment 
 Mounted Regiment... 
 
 Pee Dee Leinon 
 
 St.it,' Cavalry 
 
 4th Brigade, 8. 0. W 
 
 Col. Hamilton.. 
 
 ■1 l\"' shaW 
 
 Col Williams...., 
 
 i "I Sloan 
 
 , nl. Jeufcios 
 
 Col. Winder 
 
 i ii 
 
 'Col. Cash 
 
 t'ol. Blandtng... . 
 Col. Uampton.... 
 Capt. Calhuun.... 
 C ipt, M ,u um... 
 
 Capt. Boykiu 
 
 Capt. Shannon... 
 
 ■ apt. I '"it 
 
 cnl. Uagood 
 
 (Jnl, I lev ward. ... 
 i (ol. Mi igault... 
 Col. Dunovant.... 
 
 Col. Edwards 
 
 CoL Joqes 
 
 Col DeSaussure.. 
 
 ■ ,1 
 
 Col. Means 
 
 Col. Stevens 
 
 Col. Batch 
 
 Lit. Col. Moore 
 
 Lt. Col. Bla.k 
 
 Major White 
 
 Vlajoi Manigau t . 
 
 C |it. Lamar 
 
 M* jot .'.lines 
 
 Cap! Ilnyce 
 
 Col. Orr 
 
 Col. Martin 
 
 (Jen. Harllee 
 
 Gen. DeSaussure., 
 
 TermofSer 
 vice. 
 
 [•' ,r C ,. W,,i 
 12 months.. 
 
 Mixe i ... 
 Artillery 
 
 Cavalry . 
 
 Artillery 
 
 Mi-ed. 
 
 l\ 
 
 Cavalry. 
 
 Artillery. 
 
 Mixed... 
 
 Cavalry. 
 
 Tor the War. 
 
 12 months.. 
 For the War. 
 
 12 months.. 
 For the War. 
 
 12 months.. 
 For the War 
 
 12 months. 
 Limited 
 
 3.C 
 
 Total 
 
 tc 
 
 sen 
 
 841 
 
 1,066 
 
 1,124 
 
 813 
 
 803 
 
 814 
 
 B ft 
 
 1,100 
 
 s4 
 
 84 
 
 Tn 
 
 63 
 
 110 
 
 850 
 
 TCI 
 
 1 1 (6 
 
 T89 
 
 784 
 
 902 
 
 818 
 
 713 
 
 : ' : . 
 
 1.1 jo 
 
 1 131 
 T50 
 430 
 362 
 240 
 2 o 
 196 
 391 
 124 
 
 1.030 
 600 
 800 
 27.'. 
 
 2.407 
 
 Muster'd in Couf Ser. 
 
 Requir'd byGen. Ripley. 
 
 ANALYSIS ANt) SUMMARY. 
 
 In Confederate service 23,280 
 
 In State service, under Confederate orders 4,082 
 
 Km- the «nr 7,1 11 
 
 For shorter periods 20,251 
 
 In service in this State 1*7,642 
 
 In service in other States. . . 9,720 
 
 Under the Act of Assembly, Dec. 7th', 1861, there are in camp, 
 under instruction, some fourteen companies. Accepted and under 
 marching orders for camp, fifty companies. These sixty-four com- 
 panies are volunteers for twelve mouths' Confederate service. 
 
48 
 
 Columbia, April 28, 1862. 
 JJ'-n. James Cfiesnut, Jr., Chief of Military Department: 
 
 Sir: I submit herewith Exhibit A., shoving, as nearly as can be 
 reached from the returns to this office, the number of troops from South 
 Carolina on the twentieth of February in the field v for the war and for 
 twelve months, and my estimate of those in the field for the same terms 
 at this date. Exhibits B., C. andl). show the efforts to obtain accurate 
 information; Exhibit E., the number of companies which responded to 
 the call for five thousand men. Large numbers of individuals, volun- 
 teers andjrecruits, responded to that call, which is the explanation of 
 the increased numbers in the second, third and fourth columns of Ex- 
 hibit A. I am, sir, with much respect, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 WILMOT G. DeSAUSSURE, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General. 
 
 Exhibit A. to Adjutant General's Report of the 2$th of April, 1862, to 
 Chief of Military Department. 
 
 Regiments, Battalions, Squadrons and 
 Companies. 
 
 ■J 
 
 Estimated. 
 
 April 28, '62. 
 
 War. 
 
 <M . 
 
 to m 
 
 eg 
 
 Estimated. 
 
 April 28, '62. 
 12 months. 
 
 
 S60 
 
 900 
 450 
 400 
 400 
 800 
 450 
 400 
 400 
 400 
 600 
 600 
 78 
 100 
 125 
 550 
 1,000 
 1,100 
 
 84] 
 
 1,066 
 973 
 
 1,121 
 813 
 803 
 819 
 896 
 850 
 
 1,100 
 
 1,126 
 10,411 
 
 
 
 391 
 
 3d « " Williams 
 
 
 666 
 
 4th " " Sloan 
 
 
 573 
 
 5th " " Jenkins 
 
 
 324 
 
 6th " " AViiulor 
 
 
 363 
 
 
 
 403 
 
 8th " " Cash 
 
 
 419 
 
 9th " " Blanding 
 
 
 490 
 
 1st " " Hagood 
 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 500 
 
 
 78 
 
 63 
 
 116 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Manigault's 10th Regiment, S. C. V 
 
 576 
 
 12th liugimont, S. C. V., R. G. M. Dunovant 
 
 7 si) 
 764 
 
 
 13th " " Edwards 
 
 
 
 
 
 2,670 
 
 8,753 
 
 4,961 
 
40 
 
 Exhibit A. to Adjutant General's Report of the 2$th of April, 1862, to 
 Chief Military Department. — Continued. 
 
 Regiments, Battalions, Squadrons and 
 Companies. 
 
 fe 
 
 - r 
 
 a -' 
 
 "* 
 
 w ^ 
 
 Brought forward 2,670 8,75! 
 
 14th Regiment, S. C. V., Junes 
 
 15th " " PeSaussure 
 
 ]6th " " Elford 
 
 17th " " Means 
 
 18th " " Qadberry 
 
 19th " " Lytbgoe 
 
 20th " " Keitt 
 
 21st " " Graham 
 
 22d •' " Abney 
 
 23d " " Hatch 
 
 24th " " C. II. Stevens 
 
 Bolcombe Legion, P. P. Stevens 
 
 I i Regiment Artillery, S. ('. A., Calhoun 
 
 1st " Infantry, " John Dunovant, 
 
 Lucas' Battalion 
 
 Moore's Battalion 
 
 11th Regiment, S. C. Y., Heyward , 
 
 Orr's Rbgimi nt, Marshall 
 
 Black's Cavalry. J L Black 
 
 Palmetto Battalion, E. B. White , 
 
 Manigault's Battalion, E. Manigault 
 
 2d Regiment Artillery, S. C. V., Lamar 
 
 James' Battalion, James 
 
 Boyoe's ii tillery, Boyce 
 
 (Hit's Artillery, Coit 
 
 Felder's Cavalry, Felder 
 
 Adams' Cavalry. A i bins 
 
 Nelson's Hat tali' m. Nelson 
 
 Cavalry Companies 
 
 Infantry Companies 
 
 Me Cord's Zouaves 
 
 Elliott's Artillery 
 
 Chiehester's Artillery 
 
 Cist Guards 
 
 Beauregard Light Tnfantry 
 
 Eutaw Battalion 
 
 Alston's Artillery 
 
 Stanley's Artillery 
 
 McKer all's Company 
 
 Stafford's " 
 
 Whitesides' " 
 
 '■ 
 
 Win smith's " 
 
 Smith's Battalion 
 
 T.a Fayette Artillery 
 
 Marion Artillery 
 
 Charleston Battalion \ 
 
 mi Artillery 
 
 Dixie Rangers 
 
 J ell .id Rangers 
 
 902 1,200 
 
 S13i 900 
 
 C.20 
 
 500 
 
 94 
 
 680 
 
 1,000 
 800 
 
 
 »«3 
 
 10,411 4,961 
 
 1.030 
 600 
 240 
 260 
 300 
 
 124 
 116 
 
 300 
 
 1C0 
 
 Carried forward. 
 
 7 
 
 8001 
 Toll 
 150 
 800l 
 160 
 1,201 
 700 
 451 
 500 
 800 
 
 160 
 116 
 
 350 
 850 
 
 100 
 80 
 80 
 90 
 100 
 250 
 80 
 80 
 75 
 75 
 75 
 75 
 75 
 
 713) 
 784 
 768 
 730 
 
 790, 
 698: 
 
 786 
 750 ! 
 
 900 
 800 
 909 
 900 
 800 
 850 
 800 
 
 1,102, 1200 
 
 76l| 311 
 
 560 600 
 
 304 
 315 
 
 690 
 670 
 
 500 
 500 
 
 670 
 
 600 
 
 85 
 
 110 
 
 500 
 
 200 
 
 75 
 
 75 
 
 9,341 2 1,914| 21,321. 10,337 
 
50 
 
 Exhibit A. to Adjutant GeneraTs Report of the 28th of April, 1862, 
 to Chief of Military Department. — Continued. 
 
 REGisrEXTS, Battalions, Sqvadroxs and 
 
 Co)ii'anii:s. 
 
 Brought fji.vard... 
 
 Ashley Dragoons 
 
 Charli ' Dragoons... 
 
 Rutledge Riflemen (mounted). 
 
 Gtarmao Hussars 
 
 Basley'a Squadron 
 
 Nelson's Squadron 
 
 ■ ■_ 
 
 - _ 
 
 ■ £ 
 
 5 3 
 
 = w o 
 
 - 
 
 &.' 
 
 9,343 
 
 9,349 
 
 21,91 I 21,821 
 
 100 
 
 22,064 21,321 
 
 IS 
 
 16,337 
 75 
 75 
 
 75 
 308 
 340 
 
 17,210 
 
51 
 
 Exhibit E. to Adjutant General's Report of the 2Sth of April, 1862, 
 to Chief of the Military Department. 
 
 Companies accepted under the Call for Five Additional Regiments. 
 
 Twenty-Fourth Regiment of South Carolina Volunteers, C. H. 
 Stevens Colonel commanding: 
 
 o 
 
 Captains Sigwald, Spears, Appleby, Gooding, Jones, 
 
 Hill, Pearson, Thomas, Hammonds, Tompkins 800 
 
 Regiment of Artillery, T. G. Lamar, Colonel companding: 
 
 Captain Dickson 77 
 
 Company F go 
 
 " G ..........ZVZ'.Z." 79 
 
 Second Regiment of Artillciy, Colonel Lamar: 
 
 Captain P. F. Warley ' on 
 
 " J.F.Sanders 7(3 
 
 " J. K. Legare 92 
 
 " M. B. Stanly.... ......!.!." 100 
 
 " Charles Alston, Jr 100 
 
 " T. D. Gwyn ............!.. 79 
 
 " R. L. Crawford .'.'Z..'.. 76 
 
 " T. P. Whitesides ".'"" 7o 
 
 " W. J. McKerall 70 
 
 " J. PI. Stafford 70 
 
 . Three companies of Moore's Battalion 260 
 
 2,108 
 
D. 
 
 Department of the Military. 
 Com -.mi-.ia. S. C., April 28, 1862. 
 To the Governor and Council: 
 
 In obedience to your directions, and in conformity with my duty, I 
 submit to your consideration an abstraot of .a report made to this 
 Department from the Adjutant and Inspector General, in relation to 
 the forces from this State in Confederate service. 
 
 On the 2d day of February last, the Secretary of War addressed a 
 communication to his Excellency Governor Pickens, stating that six 
 per cent, of the entire white population of this State — which is about 
 eighteen thousand — had been determined upon as the quota to be fur- 
 nished by this State for the war. Of this number he estimated that 
 we had then six thousand in the field, which would leave twelve 
 thousand more t6 be supplied. This remainder he expected to raise by 
 reenlistments among the twelve months regiments from the State then 
 in service, and by calling for five new regiments. At the date of the 
 communication referred to, he supposed that the State had six thousand 
 troops for the war, and seventeen thousand for twelve months. But in 
 truth, at that time, the rolls in the office of the Adjutant and Inspector 
 General exhibited the fact that we had on the 20th of February — a few 
 days after that date — 9,849 troops for the war, and 21,321 for twelve 
 .months. For the purpose of meeting the requisition made on the State 
 for its quota of eighteen thousand men for the war — including the five 
 new regiments called for — the Governor and Council adopted a system 
 of conscription. The result of that action has been to accomplish, in 
 less than two months, more than was required or expected. According 
 to the data, information and estimates now before us, we have in the 
 field in Confederate service for the war 22,064 men, and for twelve 
 months 17,210 men, making an aggregate from this State of 89/274. 
 
RECAPITULATION. 
 
 I 
 
 Now in the field for the war 22,0(14 
 
 Quota of the State — under fall 18,000 
 
 Excess over the quota 4,064 
 
 In service for the war at the time of the President's call. 0,340 
 In service now for the war 22,064 
 
 Increase' since the call 1 2 , 7 1 r> 
 
 Total in service at time of the call 30,670 
 
 Total now in service 30,274 
 
 Total increase 8,614 
 
 That the rapid increase of our forces in the field is attributable to 
 the resolutions of the 6th of March last, establishing a system of con- 
 scription, I suppose no one doubts. 1 must say that the returns now 
 made are by no means full, and cannot, therefore, be said to be accu- 
 rate ; for, notwithstanding the constant and earnest efforts of Adjutant 
 and Inspector Generals Gist and DeSaussuve to procure information 
 from all the regiments, we have not been able, so far, to obtain from the 
 officers anything approaching to complete returns of the new enlist- 
 ments. Our efforts to that end are still unabated, and we have now 
 reasonable expectation that they will be furnished in a few days. 
 When these returns are received, another and a fuller statement will 
 be made, with as near an approach to accuracy as possible. That state- 
 ment, I have no doubt, will show a much. larger force for the war than 
 is here exhibited. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 JAMES CHESNUT, Jr., 
 Chief of the Department of the Military of South Carolina. 
 
54 
 
 E. 
 
 Office Adjutant and Inspector General, 
 Columbia, August 30, 1862. 
 To Hon. James Chesnut, Jr., Chief of Military Department: 
 
 Sir : I have the honor herewith to submit, in obedience to your order, 
 a report exhibiting an approximate estimate of the forces contributed 
 by this State to the Confederate service, with the Regiments, Battalions 
 and Companies in which they are now organized. 
 
 The list of organizations will, I think, be found complete, and by 
 reference thereto it will be seen that the State has now in service the 
 following : 
 
 Infantry — Twenty-eight Regiments, two Legions, eight Battalions, 
 two Companies. 
 
 Artillery — Two Regiments, one Battalion, eighteen Companies. 
 
 Cavalry — Two Regiments, five Battalions, seven Companies. 
 
 Total — Thirty-two Regiments, two Legions, fourteen Battalions, 
 twenty-seven Companies. 
 
 It would be more satisfactory if this office had the means for furnish- 
 ing a statement more in detail, particularly of the present strength of 
 these organizations, and of the losses by disease and other casualties of 
 the service. The regulations of the Confederate service do not require 
 the sending of rolls or stated reports of the condition of the forces to 
 the offices of the States from which they are respectively drawn ; and 
 when troops are once received into Confederate service, all official 
 knowledge of them by the State ceases. 
 
 By reason of this, very great embarrassment has attended the efforts 
 of this office to keep pace with the organization of our forces, and to 
 procure reliable information as to the number of men actually drawn 
 from our population. The original rolls of Companies, on file, furnish 
 but little satisfactory information, and give no data upon which to esti- 
 mate the strength of the Companies. They give but the number with 
 which the Companies were first organized — in perhaps all cases the mini- 
 mum of its strength — whilst the accretions, by recruiting or otherwise, 
 not being reported, are known only as they may be casually ascertained. 
 During the period from the first of March to the first of July, under 
 the pressure, first of the proposed State conscription, and afterwards of 
 the Confederate conscription, very large additions were made to the 
 then existing organizations, by the voluntary going forward of recruits, 
 very few of whom were reported to this office. In some instances Com- 
 
55 
 
 patiies were so increased, that from the excess new Companies were 
 formed, no rolls of which have been reported to this office. The num- 
 ber thus irregularly added to the service did not, it is believed, fall 
 short of 5,000 men. Much confusion, also, resulted from the reorgani- 
 zation in Virginia of the original twelve months Regiments whose terms 
 of service expired in April last. Entire Companies and even Regi- 
 ments were lost, and new Companies and Regiments formed; in most 
 instances retaining the former names, but the Regiments in all instances 
 composed to a great extent of new Company organizations. The orig- 
 inal 9th Regiment was, in this way, wholly lost; and the old 4th was 
 reduced to, and }'ct remains, a mere Battalion. 
 
 To remedy this want of information, and to procure accurate descrip- 
 tive rolls of all persons then in Confederate service from this State, 
 with details of discharges, deaths and other losses, blank forms were 
 prepared by this office, in obedience to your order, and in April last, 
 were forwarded to the Commandants of Regiments, Battalions and 
 Companies; and with the view to procure a prompt return of the rolls, 
 special agents were appointed to visit the troops on the coast and in 
 Virginia, to impress on Commandants, by a personal appeal, the impor- 
 tance of furnishing the information desired. These efforts, I regret to 
 state, were only partially successful. In some instances the agents 
 found great reluctance to prepare the rolls; in others actual unwilling- 
 ness, and in a few instances positive refusals to undertake the labor. 
 Out of over four hundred Companies then in service, only about two 
 hundred and fifty furnished the rolls; and of those so furnished, many 
 were so hastily and imperfectly prepared as to give but little satisfactory 
 information. So far, however, as they were carefully and properly pre- 
 pared, they furnish the only certainly reliable information to be found 
 in this office of the strength and condition of the respective Companies. 
 The estimates embodied in the accompanying report have been made 
 up from many sources; partly from the April rolls, above referred to; 
 partly from reports obtained from officers in command; partly from 
 returns to the Confederate officer commaudiug the Department of South 
 Carolina audGeorgia; partly from information furnished by individuals; 
 and in a few instances from conjecture. These estimates are intended 
 to represent the highest number of men who, from first to last, have 
 belonged to the respective organizations, not including discharges. In 
 some instances they maybe found too high; but generally they are 
 believed to be below the correct number. So far as they are based on 
 the April rolls, they represent the strength of the organizations at the 
 
56 
 
 time those rolls were prepared. Bay 1 1 1 - * 1st of May; and Jo not include 
 the additions since made to the Companies. And in many cases where 
 we have only been able to ascertain the maximum strength of a Regi- 
 ment or Company, it is obviously short as a proper estimate: for, 
 whilst recruits are being daily added, and losses by death or otherwise 
 are daily occurring, the maximum is not increased, when, in fact, a 
 continual draft is made from the population of the State. An abso- 
 lutely correct estimate can only be had by adding, to the present 
 strength of Companies, the number of losses by disease or other casual- 
 ties of the service, and of discharges by reason of wounds or wasted 
 health. If such an estimate could be prepared, I am fully assured that 
 the number of men contributed by this State to the public defence 
 would be found to exceed forty-five thousand. 
 
 It is much to be regretted, that a very considerable number from 
 this State have connected themselves with the organizations of other 
 States. In the Districts adjoining North^ Carolina, very many were 
 induced, by the very liberal bounty there offered, to join Companies 
 organized in that State. And in the April reorganization in Virginia, 
 very many exercised the option given them by the Conscription Act, 
 to go into other arms of service, and connected themselves with Com- 
 panies of Artillery and Cavalry from other States, chiefly Virginia. 
 These, amounting, it is believed, to several hundred, are wholly lost to 
 the credit of the State. 
 
 In obedience to the resolutions of the honorable Governor and Coun- 
 cil, the first corps of State Militia Reserves, embracing all males sub- 
 ject to duty between the ages of thirty-five aud fifty, have been 
 organized, with a view to active service, in the event that the necessi- 
 ties of the State defence should require it. Of these ten Regiments 
 are already formed and officered, each comprising ten companies ; and 
 it is conjectured that the Companies yet remaining to be organized, 
 will yield at least another Regiment. .The average strength of these 
 Regiments will be about seven hundred, making an aggregate in the 
 State of near eight thousand effective men of this corps. 
 
 The second corps of Reserves, embracing all males between the ages 
 of fifty and sixty-five, all those between sixteen and eighteen, and all 
 exempts, remain subject to patrol and -police duty in their respective 
 Beats, under the command of the officers of the militia, as reorganized 
 in January last, under the Act of the General Assembly. In the 
 present existing scheme, this corps constitutes the regular militia 
 organization of the State. Its strength, there is no present means of 
 
57 
 
 ascertaining-, as an enrollment has not been thought of sufficient inv 
 portance to justify the labor and expense. 
 I have the honor, sir, to be, 
 
 Very truly, yours, 
 
 C. D. MELTON, 
 
 Assistant Adjutant and Insjyector General. 
 
 APPRO XfMA TE ESTIMA TE of the strength of the South Carolina 
 Regiments, Battalions and Companies now in Confederate service. 
 
 I 
 
 Infantry. 
 
 Style of Organization. Commanders. No. Men. 
 
 1st Pteg't S. C. Volunteers,.. Col. Hamilton, 1,100 
 
 1st " « " Glover 750 
 
 2d " " " Kennedy, 850 
 
 3d " " " Nance, 1,066 
 
 4th Mattison's Battalion, Mattison, 400 
 
 5th Reg'tS. C. Volunteers, Jackson, 700 
 
 6th " " " Bratton, 700 
 
 7th " " " Aiken, 803 
 
 8th " " " Henegan, 819 
 
 10th " " " Manigault, 1,100 
 
 11th " » » Ellis, 921 
 
 12th " " n " Barnes, 1,100 
 
 13th « " " Edwards, 1,250 
 
 14th " » " McGowan, 1,144 
 
 15th " » " DeSaussure, 976 
 
 16th " " « McCullough, 792 
 
 17th " " " Means, 852 
 
 18th « » " Gadberry, 942 
 
 19th " " « Lythgoe, 827 
 
 20th « " " Kcitt, 950 
 
 21st " " « Graham, 848 
 
 22d " " « Goodlett, 873 
 
 23d " " " Benbow, 785 
 
 Carried forward.. 20,548 
 
58 
 Approximatt Estimate. — Continued. 
 
 Stvl^ nf Organization. OOHUM Xo. Men. 
 
 Brought forward 20,548 
 
 24th Reg't S. C. Vounteers, Col. C. IF. Stevens 1,020 
 
 25th " " " Simonton, 900 
 
 IstRifles Marshall, 1,500 
 
 2d « Moore, 884 
 
 1st Reg't S. C A. (Regulars),... Dunovant, 700 
 
 Hampton Legiou, Griffiu, 1,100 
 
 Holconibe Legion, P. F. Stevens, 1,138 
 
 Laurens Battalion, Lt. Col. James, 528 
 
 Smith's Battalion. Smith, 552 
 
 Manigault's Battalion, Major Byrd, 638 
 
 Nelson's " Nelson 462 
 
 Charleston " Lt. Col. Gaillard, 430 
 
 Palmetto Sharp Shooters, 1,100 
 
 Battalion " " Major Smith,. 300 
 
 » " " Abney, 300 
 
 Partisan Rifles, Capt. Brooks, 86 
 
 Ordnance Guard, 100 
 
 32,286 
 
 Artillery. 
 
 1st Reg't S. C. Artillery, Col. Calhoun, ft 863 
 
 1st " " Volunteers, Lamar, 1,040 
 
 Palmetto Batt. Lt. Artillery, Lt. Col. White, 1,059 
 
 Macbeth Light Artillery, Capt. Boyce, 161 
 
 Beaufort Artillery, Elliott, 97 
 
 Marion Artillery, Parker, 100 
 
 Washington Artillery, Walter, 134 
 
 LaFayctte Artillery, Kanapaux, 90 
 
 Chesterfield Artillery, Coit, 130 
 
 Gist Guard, Chichester, 90 
 
 German Artillery, Co. A,...,.... Werner, 83 
 
 « " " B, Melchers, 72 
 
 Carried forward 3.919 
 
59 
 
 Approximate Estimate. — Contin ucd. 
 
 Style of Organization. Commanders. No. Men 1 
 
 Brought forward 3,919 
 
 Dismounted Dragoons, Major Lucas, 169 
 
 Ferguson's Artillery, Capt. Ferguson, 92 
 
 Buist, 100 
 
 Alston, 95 
 
 Bonneau, 100 
 
 Ward, 100 
 
 Garden, 100 
 
 Stanley, 98 
 
 Gaillard, ' 100 
 
 Palmetto Guard, 
 
 Alston's Artillery,... 
 Matthews' Artillery,. 
 
 Ward's Battery, , 
 
 Garden's Battery, 
 
 Stanley's Artillery,.., 
 Gaillard's Artillery,. 
 
 4,873 
 
 Cavalry. 
 
 1st Regiment Cavalry, Col. Black, 789 
 
 1st Battalion " 
 
 2d « " 
 
 3d « « 
 
 4th « « 
 
 5th « " 
 
 .Major Morgan 325 
 
 Stokes, 383 
 
 Easley, 320 
 
 Emanuel, 352 
 
 Jeffords, 391 
 
 Colleton Rangers, Capt. Campbell,. 
 
 Calhoun Mounted Men, , 
 
 St. Peter's Guards, 
 
 Howard Cavalry, 
 
 Charleston Light Dragoons... 
 
 Ashley Dragoons, 
 
 Barnwell Dragoons, 
 
 Rutledge Mounted Riflemen,. 
 
 Savannah River Guard, 
 
 II ey ward's Cavalry, 
 
 German II uzzars, 
 
 Rebel Trcop, 
 
 Santee Rangers, Co. A., 
 
 Santee Rangers, Co. B, 
 
 85 
 
 Martin, 75 
 
 Smart, 88 
 
 Howard, 80 
 
 Rutledge, 95 
 
 Gr. C. Heyward, 100 
 
 Lawton, 110 
 
 Trenholm, 90 
 
 Johnson, 96 
 
 D. B. Heyward, 110 
 
 Cordes, 80 
 
 Jeukins, 95 
 
 Pinckney, 90 
 
 Whildcn, 90 
 
 Carried forward 3,844 
 
GO 
 Approx vmaU Est im ate. — OoH t in ued. 
 
 Style of Organization. Commanders. No. Men- 
 
 Brought forward 3,844 
 
 Boykin Hangers, Capt. Boykiu, 80 
 
 Kirkwood Rangers, Doby, 00 
 
 Partisan Hangers, Col. Aikeu, 700 
 
 4,714 
 
 Of the above companies, ten have recently been formed into a regi- 
 ment, under Col. Colcock, being the 2d Regiment of Cavalry. 
 
 Aggregate. 
 
 Infantry, 32,286 
 
 Artillery, 4,873 
 
 Cavalry, 4,714—41,873 
 
 To which add Conscripts recently sent forward, say.... 1,100 
 
 42,973 
 
61 
 F. 
 
 Condensed view of (he Cash Transactions of the Quartermaster Gen- 
 eral's Bureau for the State of South Carolina, from the frst of 
 January, 1862, to the thirtieth of June, 1862. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 To balance from 1861 821,413 05 
 
 Cash from treasury 1st qr., 1862 8143,355 00 
 
 " " 2d " 7,500 00—150,855 00 
 
 " clothing acct. 1st « 35,972 35 
 
 « " 2d « 62,915 01 98,887 36 
 
 " camp equipage, 1st " 45 80 
 
 « « 2d « 294 12 339 92 
 
 " public property sold, such as horses, 
 
 mules, wagons, &c, 1st quarter.. 2,436 00 
 
 " do. do. 2d « .. 590 72 3,026 72 
 
 $274,522 05 
 
 Cr. * 
 
 By disburses on clothing acct., 1st qr. 1862, 8126,472 13 
 
 « » 2d " 11,861 35-8138,333 48 
 
 " camp equipage, 1st " 52,740 48 
 
 » " 2d " 8,611 63 61,352 11 
 
 " transportation, 1st " 7,562 61 
 
 » " 2d " 3,489 25 11,051 86 
 
 " horses and mules, 1st " 400 00 
 
 " « 2d " 6,742 50 7,142 50 
 
 » forage, 1st " 2,356 89 
 
 » » 2d " 659 00 3,015 89 
 
 " storage and rent, 1st " 256 00 
 
 " " 2d " 916 50 1,172 50 
 
 " incidental 1st " 3,218 62 
 
 " " 2d " 3,482 75 6,701 37 
 
 " stationery, 1st " 103 12 
 
 " " 2d " 103 71 206 83 
 
 " wood, 1st " 45 50 
 
 " " 2d " 905 25 950 75 
 
 " commutation, 1st " 75 00 
 
 « " 2d " 3,845 00-^ 3,920 00 
 
 " to Capt. Motte Pringle, Q'rmaster 4th Br'de,. 5,855 00 
 
 " Balance to nest acct., 34,819 76 
 
 *271.522 05 
 
62 
 
 G. 
 
 Comparaiii , view of Salaries paid to the Quartermaster General and 
 his Assistants, compiled /rum Exhibits <->/ file in tin's Department, 
 and condensed into Quarterly Statements, from the fust of July, 
 1861. to tin thirtieth of June, 1862. 
 
 Salaries paid during the quarter euding 30th Sept., 1861, 83,651 40 
 
 « " « 31st Dec., " 3,126 40 
 
 " " " 31st March, 1862, 2,411 40 
 
 " " « 30th June, " 1,575 00 
 
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 Quantity of Clothing furnished to each no7i-commissioned officer, must- 
 cian mi'/ private of the Confederate States Army, for each year of 
 the three years' service, showing the cost of ca<ii article, cost per year, 
 mill cost over allowance of the $50 commutation money allowed, ac- 
 cording to the price of clothing and materials, July, 1802. 
 
 ARTICLES. 
 
 -1.2:. 
 
 Cap Covers, •■< 75c 
 
 • 
 
 Trowsers, (g |6 
 
 Flannel shirts. fg)$2... 
 
 1'lanuel Drawers, 
 
 
 
 Pairs Stockings, @50c... 
 Leather SI 
 
 Great Ci at, " J15 
 
 Blanket, @$4. 
 
 Deduct Commutation 
 
 Loss 
 
 Loss per 1.000 m°n. 
 
 ft t 
 
 COST. 
 
 $2 no 
 
 75 
 
 24 (10 
 
 Is (III 
 
 6 00 
 fi 25 
 
 l'.i mi 
 
 2 00 
 
 50 
 
 15 00 
 4 00 
 
 97 00 
 50 00 
 
 47 00 
 
 S47.000 00 ' 
 
 COST. 
 
 $1 25 
 
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 $6,500 00 
 
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 8 00 
 
 214 00 
 
 150 00 
 
 04 00 
 
 .-■in.." .-114.000 00 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Per Man. 
 
 Upon the supposition of 20,000 men in the service, the loss will 
 be: 
 
 First year $940,000 00 
 
 Second year 130,000 00 
 
 Third year 210,000 00 
 
 Whole loss for the' three years §1,280,000 00 
 
 Note. — It will be seen that the prices affixed to the articles in the above table are far below the 
 ruling prices at this date, 1st September, 1862. 
 
65 
 
 J. 
 
 Condensed View of the Cash Transactions of the Commissary General's 
 Bureau for the State of South Carolina, from the first of January, 
 1862, to the thirtieth of June, 1862. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 To Balance from 1861, 815,266 15 
 
 Cash from Treasury, 1st quarter, 1862,.... $37 ,000 00 
 
 " " 2d " « .... 60,000 00—97,000 00 
 
 from sales to Confederate Government 
 
 1st quarter, 1862, 25,944 66 
 
 from sales to Confederate Government 
 
 2d quarter, 1862, 10,079 57—36,024 23 
 
 from sales to other parties, 1st quarter, 
 
 1862, 2,022 90 
 
 from sales to other parties, 2d quarter, 
 
 1862, 130 60 2,153 50 
 
 from proceeds of Salt seized at Che- 
 raw by order of Gov. Pickens,.... 2,508 56 
 
 $152,952 44 
 
 July 1st, to balance brought down,... $20,256 21 
 
 Cr. 
 
 By Purchases of cattle to cure into salt beef, $14,188 89 
 " " bacon, rice, &c, 1st quarter,$46, 291 51 
 « « « « « 2d " 54,562 77—100,854 28 
 Disbursements for collecting rice from exposed 
 regions, freights to the interior, and inci- 
 dental expenses, 1st quarter, 7,515 23 
 
 Disbursements for collecting rice from exposed 
 regions, freights to the interior, and inci- 
 dental expenses, 2d quarter, 10,137 83 — 17,653 06 
 
 Balance carried to next account, 20,256 21 
 
 $152,952 44 
 
no 
 K. 
 
 Inventory of Stores on hand in (he Commissary General's Bureau, on 
 the first of Jul//, 1862, and the cost value thereof 
 
 6,800 lbs. Salt Pork, @ 20 e, $1,360 00 
 
 25,805 " Bacon, @ 32 c, 8,257 60 
 
 3,251 « Hams, @33Jc., 1,083 66 
 
 152,641 " Salt Beef, (a) lie, 16,790 51 
 
 5,505 " Dried Beef, @ 18 c. , 990 90 
 
 10,000 < l Soup Cakes, @ 6c, 600 00 
 
 1,437 bbls. Flour, @ $11, 15,807 00 
 
 604 lbs. Hard Bread, @ 12 c, 72 48 
 
 1,915,003 " Rice, @ 3 c, 57,450 09 
 
 21,169 " Sugar, @ 13 c, 2,75197 
 
 785 sacks Salt, @ $12, 9,420 00 
 
 1,657 gallons Molasses, @§1, 1,657 00 
 
 Small stores, not enumerated, say, 1,000 00 
 
 Total cost value $117,241 21 
 
 Market value on the first of July, about $250,000 00 
 
 The bacon and beef cured by Robert Adger, Esq., in Anderson, 
 amounting to between two and three hundred thousand pounds, is not 
 included in the above inventory, as the accounts are not yet closed. 
 
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68 
 M. 
 
 Condensed view of tlie Cash Transactions of the. Paymaster General's 
 Bureau for the State of South Carolina, from the frst of January, 
 1862, to the thirtieth of June, 1862. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 §788 89 
 
 To balance from 1861, 
 
 Receipts from Treasury 1st quarter, 1862, S40,000 00 
 
 « " 2d « 17,000 00—57,000 00 
 
 857,788 89 
 
 July 1st, balance brougbt down,. 
 
 Cr. 
 
 By payments to Regulars made 1st qr. 1862, 
 
 u u it 2d " .. 
 
 " Volunteers " 1st " ., 
 
 ci u u 2d " 
 
 Balance carried to next account,... 
 
 93,383 66 
 
 1,628 86 
 
 9,064 94—10,693 80 
 34,952 34 
 
 8,759 09—43,711 43 
 3,383 66 
 
 857,788 89 
 
69 
 
 N. 
 
 Condensed Vieio of the Cash Transactions in the Engineer's Bureau 
 for the State of South Carolina, from the first of January, 1862, 
 to the thirtieth of June, 1862. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 To Cash from Treasury for Pee Dee obstructions, 4,590 76 
 
 Less this amount returned to Treasury, 166 76 
 
 $4,424 00 
 
 To Cash from Treasury for Reconnoissance Santee Eiver,.... 97 90 
 
 " " Survey Mountain passes, 936 43 
 
 $5,458 33 
 
 Cr. 
 
 By expenditures for Pee Dee obstructions, 4,424 00 
 
 " Reconnoissance Santee River, 97 90 
 
 " Survey Mountain passes, 936 43 
 
 $5,458 33 
 
70 
 
 0. 
 
 Condensed TaLvhr View of the principal operations of the Ordnance 
 Bureau for the State of South Cure/inn, from December, 1860, to 
 August, 1862. 
 
 ARMS AND AMMUNITION. 
 
 Muskets 
 
 lifles 
 
 Pistols 
 
 Sabres 
 
 Swords 
 
 Percussion Caps 
 
 Caonoo Pap* 
 
 Musket Cartridges 
 
 Kifle Cartridges 
 
 Powder (pounds) 
 
 Heavy Ordnance 
 
 Field' ArtilKry 
 
 Artillery Carriages 
 
 Projectiles i prepared) 
 
 Projectiles (uprepared)...., 
 
 Grape ai:d Canister (pound ■••). 
 
 Lead 
 
 Musket Hulls (round) 
 
 Musket Hulls (conical) 
 
 Musket Balls f pounds) 
 
 Rouble-Barreled Guns 
 
 Dec 1860, to Dec. 1861. 
 
 a . 
 - i 
 
 cp 
 ■a 
 
 Si a 
 a '" 
 o 
 
 703| »4»850 
 
 .704 
 
 271 
 
 BTO 
 
 771 
 
 I 1,315,7751 
 
 ■ 70 
 
 110 '.■] 
 
 000 531,147 
 4oo 417,560 
 
 3,115 
 
 2,271 
 
 1,779 
 
 534 
 
 008,526 
 
 103 
 
 fifi 
 78 
 
 174 
 230 
 
 r.oo 
 
 +4 
 
 89 
 
 16,249 
 
 31,441 
 
 61,548 
 
 +44.147 
 
 373.897 
 
 100 
 
 52 
 
 145 
 
 16.308 
 
 26.902 
 
 252.132 
 
 January 1. 1862. to Aug. 30, 1862. 
 
 2 5 
 
 £2,582 
 
 98 
 
 1".: 
 
 160,530 
 
 125,000 
 
 864,053 
 
 13' 
 
 18 
 
 22 
 
 8,116 
 
 10,769 
 
 3,000 
 
 6,198 
 
 116,738 
 
 2.224 
 348 
 
 194.521), 
 
 04.-, 
 
 486,713 
 
 211,322 
 
 10,130 
 
 9 
 
 :l 
 27 
 3.865 
 3.791 
 880 
 :.7.770 
 50.000 
 35,000 
 
 ""220 
 
 4.921 
 2.476 
 671 
 1,730 
 8 
 63,000 
 
 46,630 
 
 25.224 
 
 36.887 
 
 20 
 
 31 
 
 3} 
 
 660 
 
 4,084 
 
 1,816 
 
 199 
 
 9 
 
 < 
 
 - - 
 
 .3 
 
 2,869 
 4,851 
 
 i:.s 
 502 
 577 
 
 668,770 
 
 11,446 
 
 601,613 
 
 311,098 
 
 2 
 
 18 
 
 ^8 
 
 6.330 
 
 10.170 
 
 38,480 
 
 21,137 
 
 50.000 
 
 35.000 
 
 5.5(10 
 
 21 
 
 * Purchased by order'of Governor Gist. 
 
 t One 3V.< inch Rifle Gun presented by C. K. Prioleau. of Liverpool; two V4 inch Rifle Qnns 
 presented by Messrs. Fraser & Co. : one 3},< Inch wrought iron Rifle Gun presented by P. C. J. 
 
 \\ ■•Stun. 
 
 X Condemned. Irreparable, 452. 
 J 4,843 pounds old and damaged. 
 ■ i 2.535 Enfield, new, purchased in Europe. 
 
71 
 P. 
 
 Receipts and Expenditures of the Ordnance Department of the State 
 of South Carolina, from the first of January, 1861, to the twenty- 
 fifth of January, 1862. 
 
 Receipts. 
 
 From the Treasurer of the Lower Division for appropria- 
 tion of the Legislature, §150,000 00 
 
 " Hon. E. Frost, Secretary of the Treasury, 120,000 00 
 
 " Hon. W. G. DeSaussure, Secretary of the Treasury.. 226,000 00 
 " Col. E. Manigault, ain't of his and clerk's salary, 
 which was paid out of the General Fund, and after 
 
 collected from Treasurer of Lower Division, 3,250 00 
 
 « Sales of coal taken from U. S., 2,398 00- 
 
 $501,648 00 
 Expenditures. 
 
 On Cannon acct., purchased, 5,039 38 
 
 Artil'ery acct., carriages, implements, &c, 71,067 38 
 
 Ammunition acct., 145,258 22 
 
 Artillery projectiles, shell, shot, &c, 105,865 11 
 
 Ordnance tools, 1,589 03 
 
 Small arms, 53,580 38 
 
 Equipments for infantry and cavalry comp's, 99,831 97 
 
 General expenses of Department, 19,376 93 
 
 501,608 40 
 
 Balance of cash on hand, 25th January, 1862, 839 60 
 
 Special Fund. 
 1861. 
 Jan'y 9. Donation by Mr. Plowdeu C J. Weston, for pur- 
 chase of "arms of precision," $5,000 00 
 
 Less paid for one wrought iron rifle six-pounder gun 
 in hands of Major E. Manigault, for use of his 
 
 battalion, 800 00 
 
 1862. 
 
 Aug. 1. Balance in hands of Ordnance Officer, $4,200 00 
 
72 
 
 Q. 
 
 Condensed View of (he Cash Transactions of the Ordnance Bureau 
 for the State of South Carolina, from (he twenty-sixth of January, 
 1862, to the thirtieth of June, 1862. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 To Balance from 1861, §39 60 
 
 Cash from Treasury, 1st quarter, 1862,... 866, 726 00 
 « " " 2d « " ... 39,556 00—106,282 00 
 
 " from sales of damaged Powder, 160 00 
 
 " " « Acids, &c, 150 50 310 50 
 
 u refunded' on Shells purchased from 
 
 Glaze the eighth of April, 1861, not 
 
 passing the inspection ordered by 
 
 Chief of the Military Department,.. 1,500 00 
 
 " donation from the Marion Fire Engine 
 
 Company, Charleston, 44 44 
 
 " from W. J. Laval, Treasurer Lower 
 
 Division, to pay salary of Ordnance 
 
 Officer, 1861, 1,000 00 
 
 §109,1 76 54 
 
 July 1st, 1862, to balance from June, 2,399 94 
 
 Cr. 
 By Artillery and Carriage acct., 1st qr., '62, §7,733 63 
 
 » " " " 2d " 16,438 13— §24,171 76 
 
 Projectiles " 1st " 4,798 59 
 
 " « 2d " 2,457 30 7,255 89 
 
 Small Arms « 1st " 4,754 55 
 
 « « 2d " 4,460 70 9,215 25 
 
 Equipment " 1st " 29,992 35 
 
 « " 2d " 8,866 65 38,859 00 
 
 Ammunition " 1st " 10,893 79 
 
 « " 2d " 10,396 07 21,289 86 
 
 General Expense « 1st « 2,459 21 
 
 « " " 2d " 3,525 63 5,984 84 
 
 Balance to next account 2,399 94 
 
 §109,176 54 
 
73 
 R. 
 
 Issues of Ordnance and Ordnance Stores to Confederate Government 
 from January 1, 1862, to July 1, 1862. 
 
 12-pounder guns, smooth bore 4 
 
 12-pounder guns, rifled 3 
 
 Carriages 7 
 
 Ammunition chests 8 
 
 1 8-pound er guns 2 
 
 24-pounder guns, rifled 3 
 
 8-inch Columbiads 1 
 
 32-pouuder guns 1 
 
 42-pounder guns 1 
 
 S-inch sea-coast howitzers 1 
 
 8-inch siege " 4 
 
 Sling Carte \ 
 
 12-pounder shot, rifled N .. 198 
 
 12-pounder shell, rifled 36 
 
 12-pounder canister ]27 
 
 8-inch sea-coast howitzer canister 38 
 
 18-pounder shot 25 
 
 18-pounder canister 25 
 
 24-pounder shot, rifled 264 
 
 9-inch solid shot 200 
 
 9-inch shell 400 
 
 6-pounder spherical case 275 
 
 12-pounder howitzer spherical case 125 
 
 12-pounder shell 150 
 
 8-inch shells 260 
 
 10 -in ch shells 200 
 
 Cartridge Bags, 9-inch gun 115 
 
 12-pounder shot 123 
 
 Friction tubes 2 500 
 
 Roman fuses 250 
 
 10 
 
s. 
 
 Issues of Field Guns and Carriages to State Artillery in Confederate 
 service, from January 1 to July 1, 186^. 
 
 4-pounder guns G 
 
 6-poun der guns 20 
 
 12-pounder Howitzers 2 
 
 Enfield rifle guns 3 
 
 Ammunition chests 10 
 
 Gun-carriages 31 
 
 Caissons 19 
 
75 
 
 Statement of Artillery Projectiles issued to the Confederate Government, 
 from January 1 to July 1, 1862. 
 
 6-pounder shot, fixed 70 
 
 6-pounder spherical case, fixed ; 285 
 
 6-pounder canister*, fixed 20 „ 
 
 12-pounder howitzer spherical case, fixed 135 
 
 12- pounder howitzer shell, fixed 150 
 
 9-inch solid shot 200 
 
 9-inch shell 400 
 
 8-inch howitzer canister 38 
 
 Spherical case shot, unfixed 50 
 
 24-pouuder rifle shot and shell 144 
 
 8-inch mortar shells 269 
 
 10-inch mortar shells 200 
 
u. 
 
 V 
 
 Abstract of izsurs of Small Arms to Troops from South Carolina, sent 
 into tin service of the Confederate Government, from first January, 
 1802, to first July, 1862. 
 
 Rifles, Enfield 819 
 
 " State '. 141 
 
 « per 0'54,' 1,246 
 
 Total Rifles 2,206 
 
 Muskets, Percussion 2,321 
 
 " " model 1842 955 
 
 " altered to Percussion 1,201 
 
 " Cadet 40 
 
 " Minie 254 
 
 Total Muskets 4,771 
 
 Carbines 170 
 
 Cavalry Pistols, Percussion 322 
 
 " " Flintand Steel 332 
 
 Colt's Navy Revolvers 9 
 
 Total Pistols 663 
 
 Sabres, Cavalry 1,714 
 
 Swords, Officers' 8 
 
 Equipments, Infantry 6,165 
 
 " Cavalry 934 
 
 Double Barreled Guns 123 
 
 Bayonets 5,795 
 
 " Sabre 1,083 
 
 Cartridges, Musket 34,690 
 
 " Rifle 6,800 
 
 " Revolver 834 
 
 Percussion Caps 13,574 
 
 Articles of minor importance not enumerated on the above abstract. 
 
77 
 V. 
 
 Statement of Powder issued from first January, 1862, w first July, 1862. 
 
 ■ — 'M 
 
 ISSUES TO THE CONFEDERATE GOVERNMENT. 
 
 Cannon, pounds of 7,435 
 
 Musket, " " 300 
 
 Rifle, " « .-. 16,400 
 
 Blasting, " " 325 
 
 Total, pounds of 24,460 
 
 ISSUES FOR FIELD AND SMALL-ARM AMMUNITION. 
 
 Cannon, poun ds of 2,602 
 
 Musket, " " 4,530 
 
 Rifle, " « 5,025 
 
 Blasting, " " 270 
 
 Total, pounds of 12,427 
 
 POWDER ON HAND FIRST JULY, 1862. 
 
 Cannon, pounds of 7,371 
 
 Musket, " " 8,570 
 
 Rifle, " « 11,350 
 
 Blasting, " " 900 
 
 Mealed " " 1,262 
 
 Pickens District, pounds of 3,000 
 
 Old, mixed and damaged, pounds of 4,843 
 
 Total, pounds of 37,296 
 
78 
 
 w. 
 
 Condena'ff view of the Cash Transactions of the Saltpetre Plantation 
 for the State of South Carolina from, tenth April to first Sepl&ruber, 
 1862. 
 
 1862. Dr.- 
 
 April, To Cash from Treasury, 84,304 58 
 
 July, » « " " 3,700 52 
 
 August, " « " 1,483 00 
 
 89,488 10 
 
 Cr. 
 
 Sept. 1st, By Disbursement, Building Account, ...$3,316 29 
 
 " " Horses and Mules Account 2,522 00 
 
 « " Forage " 276 45 
 
 " « Harness and Tools " 483 78 
 
 « « Wagon and Cart " 415 00 
 
 « « Materials " 584 95 
 
 « " Labor " 625 54 
 
 « » Weekly Allowance " 501 58 
 
 « M Salary " 375 00 
 
 9,100 59 
 
 Balance on hand the first of September, 1862, 8387 51 
 
79 
 
 X. 
 
 ABSTRACT OF DISBURSEMENTS 
 
 By the Department op the Military of South Carolina from 
 January 27, 1862, to August 14, 1862. 
 
 Payments in pursuance of Ordinances of the Convention, Acts and 
 Resolutions of the Legislature, and by order of his Excellency Gov- 
 ernor Pickens, jyrior to the organization of the Executive Council. 
 
 Payments to Quartermaster General §169,047 56 
 
 " Ccfimissary General 37,000 00 
 
 " Paymaster General 66,058 39 
 
 " for Hospitals 15,482 50 
 
 " Ordnance purposes 63,326 00 
 
 " Repairing arms 6,516 92 
 
 •" Arsenal purposes , 3,200 00 
 
 " Recruiting service , 17,000 00 
 
 " Railroad bridge guards 5,083 91 
 
 " A. L. Deariog (Military service) 190 00 
 
 " Traveling expenses (Agents) 85 65 
 
 " Arresting soldiers 45 75 
 
 " Salary of Clerk 233 33 
 
 " Gunboat commission 300,000 00 
 
 Deduct: 
 
 ,270 01 
 
 Balance in Quartermaster's hands $83,390 53 
 
 Balance in Surgeon General^ hands 1,236 88 — 84,627 41 
 
 Total disbursements, as above 8603,642 60 
 
80 
 Payments in pursuance of orders hy the Executive Council. 
 
 Payments to Quartermaster General 7,500 00 
 
 " Commissary General 60,000 00 
 
 « Paymaster General 4,941 61 
 
 " for Pi cconnoi stances » 1,034 33 
 
 « Obatructione, Pee Dee 4,424 00 
 
 " Ordnance purposes 60,215 81 
 
 " Exchange for arma and drugs 79,561 04 
 
 " Freight on " " 11,194 14 
 
 " Old arms 5,077 97 
 
 « 75 new Enfield rifles 3,000 00 
 
 " Freight on old armB 122 65 
 
 " Lead, saltpetre and sulphur 2,481 52 
 
 " Socks 72 90 
 
 « Enrolling Militia 83 10 
 
 " Saltpetre plantation 9,488 10 
 
 " Traveling expenses, (Agents) 65 75 
 
 " House and -lot in Columbia* 4,500 00 
 
 §253,462 92 
 Deduct: 
 
 Balance in Commissary's hands 820,256 21 
 
 « Paymaster's " 3,383 66 
 
 " Ordnance officers 5,242 06—28,881 93 
 
 Total disbursements by order of Executive Council... §224, 5S0 99 
 
 Recapitulation. 
 
 Total disbursements under Ordinances of the Convention, 
 Acts and Resolutions of the Legislature, and by 
 order of Governor Pickens, prior to the organization 
 of the Executive Council $603,642 60 
 
 Total disbursements under the engagements of the Execu- 
 tive Council 224,580 99 
 
 Total $828,223 59 
 
 1 A large brick building, used for Commissary's store-house. 
 
REPORT 
 
 OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON THE EEPORT OF THE CHIEF 
 OF THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE AND POLICE. 
 
 The subcommittee, to whom was referred the report made by the 
 Chief of the Department of Justice and Police to the Governor and 
 Executive Council, beg leave to report, that they have carefully read 
 and considered the whole report aforementioned, and recommend that 
 printed copies of it be widely circulated. 
 
 Upon the question whether auy limitation can be imposed upon the 
 power of a Convention of the People, assembled under our State Consti- 
 tution by the Act of the Legislature which calls it together, the sub- 
 committee forbear the expression of any opiuion. Into this question 
 it is needless now to enter, for it seems plain to your sub-committee 
 that every Act of this Convention, and of those who have icted under 
 its authority, which is mentioned in the report under consideration, is 
 embraced within the scope of the Act of the Legislature, which provided 
 for the election of delegates to this Convention. The arguments con- 
 tained in the report, especially those in Parti., sustaining this construc- 
 tion of the Act and the competency of the Convention, the Council, 
 and the several heads of Departments, to do the acts done by them res- 
 pectively, and examined in the said report, command the approval of 
 your sub-committee. 
 
 In reference to one or two of the acts of the Governor and Council, 
 or of the Chief of the Department of Justice and Police, doubts as to 
 their expediency, affecting rather form than substance, might be sug- 
 gested ; but of expediency under the circumstances which attended 
 the acts, the report under consideration, without the journal and papers 
 of the Council, and without any explanations from those who acted, 
 does not enable your sub-committee fairly to judge. As to the compe- 
 tency of the authority for every act done, the majority of your sub- 
 committee entertain no doubt. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 D. L. WARDLAW, Chairman, 
 J. P. CARROLL. 
 Mr. John Phillips dissents. 
 11 
 
REPORT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CHIEF OF THE DEPARTMENT 
 
 OF 
 
 JUSTICE AND POLICE, 
 
 TO THE 
 
 GOVERNOR AND EXECUTIVE C0M1L. 
 
PART I. 
 
 ON THE POWERS OF THE CONVENTION. 
 
 To His Excellency, Governor Pickens, 
 
 Presiding over the Executive Council of South Carolina : 
 
 Sir : In compliance with your requirement, that I should report to 
 the Goveroor and Council the proceedings of the Department of Jus- 
 tice and Police, I respectfully report that, though the acts of my 
 Department proper, as well as the matters which have from time to 
 time been assigned to me, have in almost every instance, been the sub- 
 ject of previous consultation in the Council, and therefore I have but 
 little of information to communicate, I acknowledge the propriety of 
 the call. It is right that these proceedings should be formally spread 
 upon the record. 
 
 The "Rules" established for my Department, adopted on the seven- 
 teenth January, prescribed it as my first duty " to construe the Ordi- 
 nances of the several sessions of the Convention, and all Acts of the 
 General Assembly, in relation to the duties and powers of the Execu- 
 tive Authority of the State." This, of course, makes me peculiarly 
 responsible for the competency of "the Governor and Council, acting 
 together," under the Ordinance of the Convention, to perform such 
 acts as have been undertaken ; for I have in no case entered a formal 
 protest against any proceeding. 
 
 It is proper, then, that I should preface my report with some expo- 
 sition of the principles on which I have construed the powers conferred 
 upon the Executive Authority, to be exercised by the Governor and 
 Executive Council, "acting conjointly." 
 
 First, then, as to 
 
 THE POWERS OF THE CONVENTION. 
 
 Did this CONVENTION have power, for certain purposes, and 
 during certain exigencies, to create a new form of Executive Author- 
 
86 
 
 ITY for the State, and tu confer on Bach Authority nnr jwiccrs, not 
 hitherto vested in that Department? 1 answer to this, unquestionably, 
 yes. 
 
 In the States i. iiool of 1832 and '34 it was (with but one 
 
 protuioi nt exception the received opinion that a CONVENTION, called 
 in South Carolina, under the provisions of the Constitution, was, for 
 every political and legal purpose, the People. It was considered as- a 
 means, provided by the Constitution itself, for invoking the action <>/ 
 tin ultimate Sovereignty of the State. This Sovereignty, admit- 
 ted to be in the People iu their " aggregate and politic capacity," can 
 only be exercised, practically, through a Convention, and a Convention 
 became thus to be, theoretically, considered as the People themselves. 
 Hence the form of ordaining their decrees adopted by the Conventions 
 of 1832, of 1852 and 18G0, to wit : « WE, the PEOPLE of South 
 Carolina, in Convention assembled, do ordain and declare.*' 
 
 I am aware that in 1834, in the celebrated legal argument on the 
 Oath of Allegiance, although the advocates of the States Rights School 
 all maintained this doctrine, yet Judge Harper gave the weight of 
 his high authority to a view somewhat different. lie maintained that 
 a Convention, thovyh sovereign, absolute and illimitable, for every pur- 
 pose within the rangt <>/ objects for which they were assembled, was, 
 beyond these purposes, neither the people, nor did it represent the 
 people. A great majority of States Rights men, held, however, the 
 opinion expressed in one of the reports of the day, which I myself 
 had the honor to submit, an extract from which I will now iusert 
 (at an interval of twenty-eight years), as containing my present opinion. 
 ""When this profound jurist (Judge Harper) says that a Convention 
 is limited by the purposes for which it was called, we admit that mor- 
 ally, it is so limited, and that a delegate who but proposes a measure 
 for a purpose not contemplated by the people when he was elected, is 
 guilty of moral treason. But when Judge Harper assumes that the 
 Judiciary, or any other constituted authority, has a right to inquire 
 whether a measure adopted iu Convention was or was not adopted in 
 conformity with the intentions of the people, he ascribes to the 
 Judiciary a right which we cannot admit that they possess. Is it not 
 obvious that this gives the judges a practical control over a Convention 
 of the people ? As in the case before us" (the Oath of Allegiance) 
 " two judges decide that the people did not intend what the Conven- 
 tion believed, the Legislature believed, and what a great majority of 
 the people themselves still believe, they did intend — and the will of 
 
87 
 
 the people is set at naught, and an Act of the Convention effectually 
 nullified." 
 
 Judge Harper happily defines Sovereignty to be "that power which 
 "controlling all other constituted authorities, is itself not subject to 
 "the control of any." He considers Sovereignty " as abiding in the 
 ''people of South Carolina." 
 
 He says, again, that this "is not that imaginary Sovereignty of the 
 " people which has been supposed to exist even in a despotic mon- 
 " archy." 
 
 "'The Constitution,' continues he, 'has provided in what manner 
 "the people shall be appealed to, viz: in a Convention called by two- 
 " thirds of both branches of the Legislature.' Again, they (the people 
 "in Convention) ' may abrogate any Act of the Government, and all 
 u constituted authorities are bound to respect and obey their detcrmiua- 
 "tion.' 'They' (the people in Convention) 'are responsible to opinion, 
 "they are bound by good faith, they may be resisted by force, or sub- 
 "dued by superior power, but their acts are not subject to the legal 
 " control of any constituted authority.' ' This we conceive to be 
 sound Republican doctrine. But how the learned judge can reconcile 
 with this the right which he ascribes to the Judiciary, to decide 
 whether a power exercised by this Convention has or has not been 
 delegated by the people, we cannot perceive. We defy any one to 
 point out a tittle of distinction, practical or in principle, between the 
 control which Judge Harper would thus give to the Judiciary over a 
 Convention, and that which it is admitted they have over the ordinary 
 Legislature. They have no right, in regard to the Legislature, to do 
 more than decide whether or not that body keeps within the pale of its 
 authority — whether a power exercised by them has or has not been 
 delegated to them by the people — and it is this, precisely, which Judge 
 Harper claims for them in regard to a Convention. The people appear 
 in their sovereign capacity, only as assembled in Convention — when so 
 assembled, they are sovereign for every purpose, or, practically, they 
 can be so for none. Grant to the Judiciary the right to question their 
 acts, and you give them the power to limit and control. In construc- 
 tion of laic, a Convention is the People, and its every act, as far as 
 the judges have any concern with it, the Act of the People." 
 
 "To subject the acknowledged will of a Convention to the control of 
 any other authority, is to deprive the people altogether of the means of 
 expressing a Sovereign purpose, that is, a purpose which cannot, by 
 any form of law, be disputed." 
 
S8 
 
 The report proceeds further, as follows : 
 
 u Sovereignty can correctly be predicated only of that power in the 
 State which, possessing an ultimate control over all other constituted 
 authorities, is itself subject to the control of none. 
 
 " Allegiance is due only to the Sovereign power, and is that para- 
 mount political, obligation which binds the individual in a State to 
 acknowledge and preserve unimpaired its Sovereignty. 
 
 "It is clearly distinguishable from the duty of obedience to delegated 
 authority. It is, indeed, the source from which emanates the obligation 
 of obedience to any other constituted authority than the Sovereign. 
 
 "Sovereignty delegates a portion of its power; Allegiance renders 
 obedience to that power a duty. 
 
 "Sovereignty, from its de6uition ; is necessarily single and indivisible, 
 and Allegiance must be equally so. 
 
 "In South Carolina, entire, unimpaired Sovereignty bides in the 
 people of the State, and a citizen of South Carolina owes entire and 
 unimpaired Allegiance to the people of South Carolina, so long as he 
 continues a citizen thereof. They, and they alone, have imposed upon 
 him the duty of obedience to the Constitution of the United States. 
 They can release him from the duty. They can transfer the duty. It 
 exists by their fiat, and they alone are its fit interpreters." 
 
 "Thus far," says the report, "we speak the recorded opinions of 
 South Carolina herself. Is the principle less fixed that a Convention 
 of the' People is not subject to the legal control of any constituted 
 authority ?" 
 
 Such, it was understood, were, in that day, the doctrines of Calhoun 
 and McDuffie, of Hayne, Turnbull and Hamilton, of Colcock, Earle, 
 Butler, Elmore, Player; of all, indeed, of the States Rights School. I 
 mention the dead only, the living may speak for themselves. Indeed, 
 State Rights, State Remedies, State Sovereignty, Allegiance to the 
 State, would all be unmeaning phrases but for the acknowledged 
 supremacy of a Convention of the People. It is the corner-stone of the 
 edifice. 
 
 But whether the view contained in the "Report" or that of Judge 
 Harper be true, is immaterial in the present inquiry. A Convention, 
 according to both theories, is SOVEREIGN, and, therefore, above all 
 constituted authorities, WHEN ACTING WITHIN THE SPHERE INDICATED 
 
 by the Legislature in the Act which assembles them. 
 
 What, then, were the purposes for which the Convention was called 
 together by the Legislature, to assemble on the seventeenth day of 
 
89 
 
 December, 1860? And does the creation of the Executive Council 
 come within the scope of those purposes? 
 
 First, what were the circumstances of the call? The telegraph had 
 announced the election of Lincoln, and the Legislature determined at 
 once to invoke the highest power known to our institutions — a Conven- 
 tion of the People of the State. Not asr subordinate ministerial agent, 
 to enroll the decrees of the Legislature, but "for the purpose of taking 
 into consideration the danger* incident to the position of the State in the 
 Federal Union established by the Constitution of the United States, and 
 the measures which may be necessary and proper for providing against 
 the same, and thereupon to take care that the Commonwealth of South 
 Carolina shall suffer no detriment." A disruption of the tie* which 
 had hitherto bound us to our sister States was one thing contemplated. 
 But the ultimate decision was left to the Convention, as the Sovereign 
 Authority. It was, then, within the purposes of this Convention to 
 abrogate the Constitution of the United States. South Carolina, for a 
 time, at least, might stand alone, and it must have been within the pur- 
 poses of the Convention to modify the Stale Constitution. A new 
 alliance was contemplated with other States, and it was within the pur- 
 poses of the Convention to ratify a Provisional and Permanent Consti- 
 tution of the new Confederacy. 
 
 These high powers have not been questioned, yet they are but infer- 
 ences from the general powers. A WAR was certainly within the con- 
 templation of some. Although secession was claimed as a right, not 
 conflicting with any obligation uuder the Constitution of the United 
 States, and, therefore, not revolutionary, it was apprehended that our 
 claim to self-government might, like that of our forefathers of j. 776, 
 have -to be vindicated by the sword, and that, practically, provision 
 must be made for the conduct of a Revolution of blood. The Leg- 
 islature declare, accordingly, that the Convention shall consider our 
 "DANGERS" — all the "dangers" growing out of our position, in- 
 cluding, I presume, the dangers of the WAR, which might be the con- 
 sequence of secession, and "the measures necessary and proper for 
 providing against the same." Have the apprehended "dangers" 
 ceased ? Are there uo further " measures necessary and proper for pro- 
 viding against the same"? The Ordinance of the Convention for 
 " strengthening the Executive Department during the exigencies of 
 the present War," was manifestly intended as a " measure" FOR Tins 
 very purpose. But, as if to make assurance doubly sure, the Legis- 
 lature declare, further, that the Convention shall " thereupon take 
 12 
 
00 
 
 car ethat the Commonxcealth of South Carolina shall suffer no detri- 
 ment." 
 
 Now, conceding that the terms of the call of the Convention consti- 
 tute the only "limitation" on the powers of a CONVENTION, as held 
 by Judge Hakim ;k, can human language be contrived suggesting broader 
 and more absolute powers than the above ? And, " thereupon to talce 
 care that the Commonwealth of South Carolina shall suffer no detriment " 
 Is this the language of LIMITATION of power? It is applied to a 
 body representing the Sovereignty of the State — a body in all respects 
 similar to that which gave being to our State Constitution — a body by 
 whose fiat our Legislature, our Governor, and our Judiciary, have their 
 cxistenre. Is it not in effect a declaration, in terms, that the Conven- 
 tion to be called should have NO limitation on its powers? 
 
 It has been said that the "dangers" apprehended were in the Union, 
 and the measures were only such as should provide against these. This 
 is special pleading. The " dangers" were such as were incident to 
 the "position of the State," then, of course, " in the Union," but 
 which the Convention was specially intended to take out of the Union, 
 and the "measures" were meant to provide against the "dangers" 
 which might grow out of that position. Surely, the dangers which 
 ensued have not yet ceased. 
 
 It is contended that secession was the measure adopted, and that this 
 relieved us from all dangers " in the Union." 
 
 But the Convention is enjoined " thereupon " (that is, after secession) 
 " to take care that the Commonwealth of South Carolina shall suffer no 
 detriment." Detriment from what? I answer, the "measures" 
 taken j which were, Secession and the formation of the Southern Con- 
 federacy. "Thereupon" war was made, and war still continues. 
 Does war work no " detriment ? " If it does, then it is the duty of 
 the Convention to shield, as far as may be, the Commonwealth of South 
 Carolina from such detriment. 
 
 The question as to the extent of the powers of the Convention of 
 1832 had beon the subject of controversy. Dr. Cooper, in his compila- 
 tion of the Statutes, had pronounced it still " an open question," as to 
 that Convention ; and the Legislature, as if to provide against any 
 possibility of cavil on this occasion, so solemn and momentous, chose, 
 in declaring the purposes of the present Convention, to translate the 
 Latin phrase by which the Senate of Home had for Centuries 
 conveyed DICTATORIAL POWER on her Consuls. " Darent 
 
 OPERAM CONSULES, NE QUID RESPUBLICA DETRIMENTI CAPERET," Was 
 
91 
 
 the language of the famous decree which conferred on Cicero and his 
 compeer, for the suppression of Cataline's conspiracy, the power known 
 as " Ultimum," or u Exlremun." A power which, Sallust tells us 
 "often" "it had been the custom" to confer, " in atroci negotio," 
 " in a, dangerous emergency," as the translator has it. The translator 
 says, " by it" (this decree) " the Republic was said to be entrusted 
 to the Consuls." 
 
 The phrase, originally selected for its aptness in conveying absolute 
 and illimitable power, had become fixed in its interpretation, by its long 
 use by the greatest nation of antiquity; and in this language, with its 
 construction thus established throughout the civilized world, the Leg- 
 islature thought proper to express the extent of the purposes to which 
 the Convention were invited to address themselves. 
 
 Unless the Legislature said one thing, while they meant another, 
 they committed to this august body, during the exigencies of the time, 
 the fortunes of the Republic; with power to act directly or through 
 ageucies — with the power to make and unmake Constitutions, provisional 
 or permanent; and to create governments, general or partial — tempo- 
 rary, or until a new Convention shall order otherwise. In addition to 
 the force of the language used, the fact that the Act, as first introduced, 
 should have fixed two years as the period of duration for the Conven- 
 tion, indicates that something more than the Act of Secession and the 
 adoption of Constitutions was intended. No one proposed a shorter dura- 
 tion thau two years ; and this time, it was thought, might not give all 
 the latitude which was requisite, and it was stricken out. 
 
 Surely, u two years" was a longer period than would have" been sug- 
 gested if the only business contemplated had been the Act of Secession 
 and the adoption of a new Constitution. In my judgment, the dura- 
 tion was intended to be commensurate with the necessities of the occa- 
 sion which called them together, whatever that period might be. Our 
 independence achieved and acknowledged, and ptace restored, the Con- 
 vention will then, but not until then, be functus officio. To protract its 
 existence beyond this period, would be that breach of "good frith" 
 which would justify that resort to " force," which is the only remedy 
 for usurpation in the Sovereign. On the other hand, the Convention, 
 in my opinion, would be derelict to their duty if they abandon the 
 helm until the ship is safely in port. 
 
 Such was the call under which the voters of the State elected the 
 members of the Convention. 
 
 However the fact may since have passed from the memories of some, 
 
02 
 
 the people, at ilmt time, realised that the body about to be assembled 
 would be charged with duties more grave, critical and responsible than 
 any which had ever hitherto devolved upon any constituted authority 
 in this State. The circumstances under which the Convention was 
 
 assembled — the terms of the Act under which the call was made — the 
 received opinions of the majority of the people of the State as to the 
 extent of the powers ujherent in such a body, were sufficient to apprize 
 the most dull that suffrage was being exercised on the most important 
 occasion of their lives. 
 
 Accordingly, the people called forth their wisest and best men. 
 There was no constitutional disqualification for a seat in the Convention — 
 no abridgment of the people's unbiassed choice. Judges, Chancel- 
 lors, public officers of all kinds, clergymen, all were eligible. The 
 result was that the Convention, in the aggregate, has never been sur- 
 passed, in this or any other country, for intelligence, patriotism and 
 moral worth. 
 
 Most of the members were either men drawn from voluntary retire- 
 ment, or tho°e whose career and position in life were so far determined 
 that the ordinary temptations of ambition were absent. A less self- 
 seeking and more earnest body of citizeus never assembled. 
 
 Such was the Convention, in theory and in fact, which passed the 
 Ordinance under consideration. 
 
 There are two other errors in regard to limitations on Conventions, 
 which need notice, though they would seem to destroy each other. It 
 is contended by some that a Convention can neither legislate or perform 
 any administrative act; and to sustain this view it is claimed that it 
 has been the practice of Conventions to abstain from both. This is one 
 position. Those who take this position deny that the Convention can 
 appropriate money or draw from the Treasury. This is all gratuitous 
 assumption in point of principle, and erroneous in point of fact. Was 
 it an act of usurpation, when the Convention, at its first session, ordered 
 three regiments to be raised — two of regulars, by enlistment, and one 
 of \ olunteers, commanded by Col. Gregg? Still more palpable, then, 
 was the usurpation when they appropriated three hundred thousand 
 dollars for building a gunboat. The usurpation of the Convention 
 began, according to this theory, as soon as the Act of Secession was 
 ratified, has continued ever since, and has not been confined to those 
 who favored the creation of the Executive Council. It is, in general, 
 on grounds of expediency, wise that Conventions should abstain from 
 all ordinary legislation, or exercise of ordinary executive power, where 
 
93 
 
 the Legislature and Governor can be at once called into action. But 
 so far is it from being true that Conventions have on principle with- 
 held from all action of this kind, that I venture the assertion that the 
 Conventions throughout the now-Confederate States all more or less 
 took, for a time, a share of the management of affairs into their own 
 hands. 
 
 Certainly, the Convention of Alabama, the proceedings of which I 
 have before me, passed, immediately after an Ordinance of Secession, 
 one "for the Military Defence of the State," another to "reorganize 
 the Militm," with very many others "f like character. The power 
 which can create Governors and Legislatures may, in emergencies, per- 
 form the functions of either. 
 
 The other most extraordinary position, in direct conflict with the 
 last, is the application of the law maxim to a Convention — non potest 
 delegatus dUegare — that is, that a Convention, exercising itself dele- 
 gated authority, cannot delegate to others. The first position assumes 
 that all government must be exercised through delegated authority, and 
 the second, that it can only be exercised directly, and cannot be law- 
 fully exercised by delegated authority. 
 
 The ordinary and most appropriate^ sphere in which a Convention 
 ■usually arts, except in " atroci negotio" — dangerous emergencies — is in 
 the creation of governments, limited by constitutions prescribed by the 
 Convention — that is, in delegating portions of their own powers; but a 
 Convention may, in its discretion, proceed to exercise itself any power 
 which it has authority to delegate. 
 
 Again: the assumption that to give validity to any actjon of a Con- 
 vention intended to alter or suspend any part of the Constitution of the 
 State, the ordinance must express that a repeal, alteration or amend- 
 ment is intended, is gratuitous, and without reason. Where, I wou'd 
 ask, is any such principle laid dowu ? 
 
 Like the Legislature, the Convention may repeal or alter, by 
 implication. The last act of either body is that to be looked to as the 
 exposition of its will, and as constituting the law, and everything con- 
 flicting is necessarily repealed, suspended or modified into accordance 
 with the will last expressed. In point of fact, it was well understood 
 by the Convention that this Ordinance was a suspension, for the time 
 being, of some of the provisions of the Constitution, and it was so in- 
 U nded. I am not aware that, within the Convention, there was any 
 one who questioned the power of that body to pass the Ordinance. 
 
 I hold, then, that the Convention had the right, during the exigen- 
 
94 
 
 cies of the war, to add to the powers of the Executive by giving con- 
 trol of some matters which, under the Constitution, are committed to 
 the Legislature, and to make the Executive, for some purposes, consist 
 of five persons instead of one. In other words I hold that the Ordi- 
 nandi-: creating the Council emanates from an authority as high and 
 competent as that creating the Constitution, and that being the 
 LATEST expression of the vill of this Sovereign Body, it is, during its 
 existence, paramount to tin Constitution. 
 
 If this be so, we are to look to the Ordinance alone as the charter of 
 our rights and powers. 
 
 The views upon the construction of the Ordinance I will submit 
 to-morrow, as part second of my report. 
 
 Respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 I. W. HAJTtfE. 
 
PART II. 
 
 ON THE POWERS OF THE GOVERNOR AND EXECUTIVE. 
 
 COUNCIL. 
 
 To Ilis Excellency Governor Pickens, 
 
 % Presiding over the Executive Council of South Carolina : 
 
 I propose now to proceed to consider 
 
 TIIE POWERS OF THE GOVERNOR AND EXECUTIVE COUNCIL, ACTING 
 TOGETHER, UNDER THE ORDINANCE OF THE CONVENTION. 
 
 First, take the title : It is an Ordiuance "for strengthening the Ex- 
 ecutive* Department daring the exigencies of the present war." 
 
 The powers of the Executive are increased, which could hardly be 
 without taking from some other Department, and these new powers 
 have reference to the exigencies of the war. 
 
 The powers conferred on the Governor and Executive Council, "act- 
 ing together," are? first, to declare martial law, when, and where, and 
 with such limitation, as the Governor and Council might think the 
 exigency of public af$rirs required. This power, like Aaron's rod, 
 might have been made to swallow all the rest. Martial law is despotism. 
 It substitutes the will of the ruler for all other law, to the extent that 
 martial law is declared. Martial law declared over the whole ^State, 
 and its extent (that is, the subjects over which it should take control) 
 defined, every power afterwards specified in the Ordinance might have 
 been exercised. This great first power having been clearly conferred, 
 has been to me a guide in determining the general intention of the 
 Convention, and thereby construing all that follows. There is a power 
 to arrest and detain disloyal and disaffected persons, whose being at 
 large is deemed dangerous to the public safety; and to order and enforce 
 such disposition and appropriation of private property for public uses as 
 the public good requires. There is the power to make and cause to be 
 executed all orders, regulations and arrangements, as they shall from time 
 
96 
 
 to time find expedient, in regard to the military, and for maintaining 
 such efficient police as shall by them be thought necessary. The power 
 to appoint agents, to draw money from the treasury, to make nominations 
 and appointments to military office, such as the Governor had hitherto 
 done; to rill accidental vacancies in civil appointments until the Legis- 
 lature meets — these powers, except filling accidental vacancies in office, 
 all relate to the " exigencies of the present war}" and except the ap- 
 pointments to military offices, are new powers, not before possessed by 
 the Executive; and, in express terms, are to END with the dose of the 
 war, and disbirmlmrnt of Hue troops. (See Appendix, A) During the 
 war, and for purposes counected with its prosecution, they are very 
 large. 
 
 Among the first measures in assertion of the extraordinary powers 
 conferred, was the proposition contemplating the srir.an of sd re r plate 
 for the use of the State, introduced by your Excellency. The power,' 
 it appeared to me, to act on this subject was clearly delegated under 
 the right "to order and enforce (subject to the owner's right to receive 
 due compensation from the State) such disposition of private pr.operty, 
 or appropriation thereof for public uses as the public good shall appear 
 to them to require." The Council never felt committed on the policy 
 of acting finally on the matter, but voted merely for measures to ascer- 
 tain the amount, reserving the right to act according to circumstances 
 hereafter. 
 
 The resolution, introduced likewise by 'your Excellency, for forcing 
 forward the manufacture of salt, was authorized under the power to 
 make " regulations and arrangements " for the support of such portion 
 of the population as might be called into service. Salt was an article 
 of prime uecessity, and there was danger that it could not be procured 
 at all when wanted, unless something was done, as your resolution 
 expressed it, (t to force forward " the manufacture. Under the same 
 power, I have supposed that the Governor and Council were authorized 
 to purchase, and distribute at cost, among the families of troops in 
 service, cotton cards, and to sell at cost such surplus salt as might be 
 found in the commissary department. 
 
 Your Excellency introduced, on the same day, various resolutions, 
 these two being a part-of the series. The remainder of the scries were 
 referred, and some of them, in a modified form, were afterwards adopted. . 
 None of them were objected to as being beyond (lie competency if the 
 Governor and Council, though they propose, I think, the largest powers 
 which we have ever been called on to exercise. 
 
07 
 
 I insert a copy of the resolutions, although not adopted, as illustrat- 
 ing the views entertained as to the extent of our aiithority. 
 
 "Resolved, That the one-half of every beat company in the State, to 
 be determined by lot in each company, be ordered immediately to Camp 
 Lightwood Knot, near Columbia, and there to be organized into compa- 
 nies, battalions and regiments. All officers to be appointed by this 
 Council. 
 
 "Resolved, That one thousand tents be ordered for this encampment 
 of a reserved State force, and that to aid in carrying out this organiza- 
 tion, the Chief of the War Department be authorized, in conjunction 
 with the Adjutant General, to order into immediate service all the 
 extra aids recently appointed in every District, to reorganize and take a 
 census of the militia of the State. 
 
 "Resolved, That the Chief of the War Department be authorized to 
 appoint immediately two competent persons to take charge of the two 
 powder mills in the upper pai^ of this State, and to take for the State 
 all powder they may have on baud, together with all material, at 
 proper valuation, and that any additional force be employed to put both 
 mills in full operation for the State; and that all material- suited for 
 making powder that can be procured, be immediately obtained, in such 
 manner as the Chief of the Military Department may direct. 
 
 " Resolved, That two competent persons be immediately appointed to 
 control the Iron Works iu York and Spartanburg, if necessary, and to 
 use all their resources, with any additional labor required, to cast fifty 
 cannon, twenty of which shall be twelve and six-pounders, suited for 
 field service; ten twenty-four-pounders, ten thirty-two-pounders, and 
 ten forty-two-pounders, and to have them mounted and ready for ser- 
 vice as soon as possible. 
 
 f* Resolved, That all gunsmiths and artizans in brass and iron be col- 
 lected, and employed in such foundries and workshops as may be 
 designated, for making and repairing all small arms that can be made; 
 and to execute the above resolutions, the Chief of the War Department, 
 in consultation with the Adjutant General, is authorized to employ and 
 use such agents as he may think proper. 
 
 "Resolved, That one-half of all the cattle belonging to every person 
 in the State shaft be immediately taken, at a fair valuation, for the 
 State, and receipts for the same be given, obligating the State for the 
 amount, to draw six per cent, interest sixty days after date, and that 
 
 13 
 
08 
 
 such as arc riot fit or needed now to be killed, the owner of the same 
 shall keep and fatten up, for proper compensation, until needed. 
 
 u Resoloed, That one-half of all the flour now in the State, and one- 
 half of all the wheat, be immediately taken, on proper valuation, for 
 the State, and receipts tor the same given, as in the above resolution, 
 and that the Chief of Justice and Police be authorized to carry out 
 these resolutions, in such manner as he may think best for the State. 
 
 ■• Resolved, That all the troops now in the State, in actual Con- 
 federate service, for twelve months, be immediately called on to reenlist 
 for the war, but not to be moved out of the State except by orders from 
 this Council — this condition to be of force at the end of their present 
 term of enlistment, and that the Chief of the Military, in conjunction 
 with the Adjutant General, be authorized to carry this out, in such 
 manner as he may think best for the State. 
 
 "Resolved, That our Senators and Representatives in Congress be 
 requested to urge immediately the adoption of measures necessary to 
 establish a great Reserve Camp at or near. Atlanta, Georgia, of at least 
 one hundred thousand men, each State to furnish its proper quota, and 
 all officers to be appointed by the President, with the consent of the 
 Senate." •;'.: • -■•-.;■ ... 
 
 These resolutions contained tha first proposition to bring a portion of 
 the population of the State into service by compulsion, and for assuming 
 on our part the appointment of officers, both Field and Company. 
 
 The right to do this I never doubted, under the power "to make and 
 cause to be executed all such orders, regulations and arrangements as 
 they (the Governor and Council) shall from time to time find expedient 
 for bringing into service, organizing and supporting the whole or any 
 part of the population of the State, to be employed in the public ser- 
 vice." This grant of power, I think, was intended to give to the 
 Council full control over the organization of any forces to be raised. 
 But if there could be a doubt on this point, there is another Ordinance, 
 passed by the same Convention, styled " An Ordinance in relation to a 
 portion of the Militia," which is too explicit for controversy. It 
 declares, in section first : " That no part of the Militia law shall stand 
 in the way of the Governor and Council to organize and call into service 
 any portion of the Militia of the State, as may seem most expedient." 
 From the same source I derive the authority of the Governor and 
 Council to make all the orders, regulations and arrangements in regard 
 
99 
 
 to the military, which were afterwards adopted, whether iu contraven- 
 tion or not of Acts of the Legislature. 
 
 Next in point of time came the regulations in regard to the distilla- 
 tion and sale of spirits. 
 
 Your Excellency must remember the representations from the upper 
 country as to the overwhelming evil which was to follow the unpar- 
 alleled investments made, and about to be made, in the business of dis- 
 tillation. The high price of whisky had induced such numbers to seek 
 this new road to wealth, that a famine, it was thought, threatened the 
 whole State. Money has been called the "sinews of war," but with us 
 breadstuff* are preeminently so. I thought the evil came within the 
 scope of our powers. By declaring martial law iu regard to this par- 
 ticular subject-matter, it could certainly have been reached. But being 
 unwilling to startle the community by an unnecessary declaration of 
 martial law in prohibition of distillation from grain, I recommended the 
 exercise of the power, as an incident to the power ''to make and cause 
 to be executed all such orders, regulations and arrangements, as they 
 shall from time to time find expedient, for bringing into service, organ- 
 ising and supporting the whole, or any portion of the population of the 
 State to be employed in the public service, and also for maintaining 
 such efficient police as shall by them be thought necessary." Your 
 Excellency, with, I think, every member of the body, yielded ready 
 acquiescence, and I was instructed to draw the resolutions. I looked 
 to the end proposed, and considered that the accustomed agencies would 
 best effect the object, and offered the resolution that it should be de- 
 clared "a misdemeanor" to distill grain, and the distillery should be 
 deemed "a nuisance," subject to abatement. This " regulation" and 
 "arrangement" was thought the most expedient, and was accordingly 
 adopted, and made an "order," by, I think, a unanimous vote. Our 
 right to make a regulation- iu prohibition <.f distillation is too clear for 
 controversy. If there is error, it can only be in the manner of enforce- 
 ment, which is less prompt and summary than is usual in Executive 
 orders. Thus far, however, it has worked well. So, again, as to the 
 sale of spirits under circumstances to affect our troops. The evil had 
 become so great, that there seemed to be a universal outcry — murders, 
 brawls, fatal accidents among our troops, particularly while passing on 
 the railroads, had become of frequent occurrence. The scenes exhibited 
 were shocking to decency. The disposition to interfere was unanimous 
 with the Council, and your Excellency warmly approved. I believed 
 we had the power in this ; as in the case of distillation, and proposed 
 
100 
 
 similar resolutions in regard to sales of liquor within reach of our troops 
 on the line of railroads. In aid of these efforts, railroad companies 
 were appealed to, to refuse the transportation of spirits, and they 
 promptly responded. Never, in my experience, has the making of 
 regulations so nearly approached to »the attainment of the ohjects pro- 
 posed, with the use of so little machinery in the enforcement. The 
 cneerful, prompt and efficient cooperation of the Railroad Directors 
 merit our thanks and the approbation of the community. 
 
 Under the power " to make and cause to be executed regulations 
 for an efficient police" I ventured to propose some amendments to a 
 legislative Act which, by its title and provisions, was purely a police 
 REGULATION for the invaded districts. As to military regulations, I 
 have shown that we had express authority to "disregard" legisla- 
 tive enactments. The regulation of the police being in the broadest 
 terms committed to us, I deemed that we had the same power there. 
 These have beeu termed "legislative acts." Regulations as to the 
 military and police, have, for the time, necessarily, the effect of laws, 
 Many orders and regulations from the Treasury Department, or the 
 War Department, from the Adjutant General's office, are very like 
 legislation, in form and substance. " Orders, regulations, and arrange- 
 ments," so far as the subject-matter to which they refer is concerned, 
 must infringe upon, or rather must occupy, a common ground with 
 "legislation" on the same subject. If the 'Sovereign has delegated 
 the right to make these regulations, the authority is rightfully exercised, 
 call them by what name you will. According to the views I have 
 presented, it rests alone with the Sovereign power — a Convention of 
 the People, which metes out the powers of other constituted authori- 
 ties — to determine what shall be the powers of the Executive De- 
 partment, and what shall be the powers of the department called the 
 Legislature. These matters, all of which met with the sanction of your 
 Excellency, had, as I conceive, been committed to the Executive 
 Department) as constituted by the Convention. 
 
 The next matter, which was, as you know, for some time under the 
 anxious consideration of the Governor and Executive Council, was the 
 prohibition of the exportation of cotton, except under certain restric- 
 tions, unless expressly sanctioned by the Confederate authorities. This 
 measure, perhaps the most doubtful adopted, was approved by your 
 Excellency and the whole Council, and did not originate with me. 
 My reasons for approving have already been placed on the record, and 
 a copy of the letter stating these reasons, by order of the Council was 
 
101 
 
 sent to Mr. Meinrninger, Secretary of the Confederate Treasury, and 
 published in the papers. I append a copy of this letter to this report. 
 (See Appendix, B.) 
 
 The establishment of a foundry for cannon, cannon equipage, balls 
 and shell, and for the repair of small arms, with a nucleus for a small- 
 arms manufactory in future, was, in express terms, within our powers. 
 So as to the nitre plantation, now in satisfactory progress. So in regard 
 to the importation of arms and medicines. 
 
 In the matter of the gunboat, the Governor and Council acted under 
 the direct authority of the Convention, by whom the specific appropria- 
 tion was made. 
 
 The surveys of the Santcc and Pee Dee, and mountain passes in this 
 State, and North Carolina, and Tennessee, though they cost a small 
 amount of money, were, as I conceive, within the general powers com- 
 mitted to us, as well as the action since taken, as the consequence of 
 those surveys. 
 
 The two acts which have excited most dissatisfaction are the call for 
 troops for the protection of Georgetown and the country above, after 
 the abandonment of the Confederate forces, and the action of the Gov- 
 ernor and Council with regard to a supply of negro labor in and near 
 Charleston for building fortifications and harbor obstructions. Yet 
 neither of these acts, surely, needs auy defence on the score of compe- 
 tency on the part of the Governor and Council. The first was, in 
 effect, to bring into service a portion of the population of the State, 
 to be employed in public service, as we believed, of the most important 
 character. Your Excellency's proposition on this subject was as 
 follows : 
 
 April 12, 1862. 
 
 "Resolved, That all the militia of Georgetown, Marion, Horry, and 
 Williamsburg, be immediately ordered out and organized into compa- 
 nies, battalions and regiments, with the best arms and equipments that 
 can for the present be procured, and that one thousand tents be ordered 
 for them. 
 
 "Resolved, That they elect their own company officers, and that this 
 Council appoint field officers for this organization. 
 
 "Resolved, That they be rendezvoused near Georgetown, to protect 
 property, and to endeavor to defend the country to the best of their 
 ability, as it is intimated that all our troops in Confederate service will 
 be ordered from that section of the State, a jd thus open Georgetown to 
 the enemy. 
 
1 08 
 
 "Resolved, That the Quartermaster and Commissary Generals be im- 
 mediately instructed to provide proper transportation and supplies fox 
 said troops. 
 
 "Resolved, Thai orders be issued by the Chief of the Military De- 
 partment to stop any further supplies being furnished to the Confeder- 
 ate troops from the State Commissary Department, and also that the 
 same orders be issued to the State Quartermaster General. 
 
 " Resolved, That the Chief of the Military Department be charged 
 with the execution of the foregoing resolutions." 
 
 The second, to wit : the impressment of negroes, was a disposition 
 and appropriation (temporarily) of private property for public use. The 
 last I shall touch ou in auother part of my report. 
 
 It has been objected that offices have been created. What offices? 
 Col. Jones was employed to audit some difficult accounts, and to act for 
 General Harllee in his absence on public business, at an expense of just 
 one hundred and eleven dollars and eleven cents. Major Melton was 
 made an assistant to the Adjutant General, the Council paying only his 
 very moderate bill of expenses in Columbia. Mr. Arthur was made 
 Secretary of our body without any compensation from the Treasury. 
 Lieutenant Follin was given a military rank, without any addition to 
 the salary given him by the Legislature as Clerk to the Adjutant Gen- 
 eral. An assistant to the Adjutant General was given for Charleston, 
 at his request, with the rank and pay of captain. A Superinten- 
 dent of the cannon foundry and manufactory of arms was absolutely 
 necessary for such an establishment, and so as to the saltpetre planta- 
 tion. Something was paid to some of the surveyors of the Santee, the 
 Pee Dec, and the mountains, and temporary commissions given, though 
 in two of these instances the valuable services of Mr. Niernsee were 
 rendered gratuitously. Mr. James Tuppcr was made Central Secretary 
 of the Commissions for the removal of negroes from the seaboard, and 
 women and children from Charleston, at the request of a majority of 
 the Commissions ; a very laborious office, in which he generously 
 served without pay. The same gentleman has been recently appointed 
 to examine and audit the accouuts of this State with the Confederate 
 Government, going back to the 20th of December, 1860, and he serves 
 for the mere amount of expense incurred in the performance of duty. 
 The Doctors LeConte have rendered valuable service in examining salt 
 springs and lead mines, but they, too, have worked gratuitously. The 
 Chief of the Military has a Clerk. I have a Clerk, at the rate of five 
 
103 
 
 hundred dollars per annum, and for a time had two Policemen in per- 
 manent employment, at fifty dollars per month. This comprises, I 
 think, everything, and the Ordinance expressly gives the Governor and 
 Council the right " to constitute and appoint SUCH AGENTS as shall be 
 necessary for the MORE efficient execution of the powers confided to 
 them." 
 
 I am not aware that any of these appointments have been objected to 
 by your Excellency. 
 
 I shall proceed, in part three, to report upon the action taken on 
 those matters which have come more particularly under my individual 
 control. 
 
 Respectfully, your ob't servant, 
 
 I. W. HAYNE. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 AN ORDINANCE 
 
 For Strengthening the Executive Department during the 
 Exigencies of the Present War. 
 
 We, the People of the State of South Carolina, in Convention assem- 
 bled, do declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, as 
 follows : 
 
 Sec. 1. Until the present war between the Confederate States of 
 America and the United States shall have been terminated, and the 
 forces raised in this State for the prosecution thereof shall have been 
 disbanded, or until it shall be otherwise ordained by the People in Con- 
 vention, the Governor shall be assisted, as is hereinafter directed, in 
 the discharge of the duties imposed, aud in the exercise of the powers 
 conferred upon him under the Constitution and laws of this State, or 
 the Ordinances of this Convention, by a Council, to be called the 
 Executive Council, which shall consist of the Lieuteuant Governor and 
 three other citizens of the State, to be chosen by this Convention by 
 a ballot, a majority of the votes cast at such election being necessary 
 to a choice. 
 
 Sec. 2. The Governor and the Executive Council, acting together, shall 
 have power to declare martial law to such extent, in such places, and 
 at such times, as shall be required by the exigency of public affairs; to 
 arrest and detain all disloyal or disaffected persons, whose being at 
 large they shall deem inconsistent with the public safety ; to order and 
 enforce (subject to the owner's right to receive, due compensation from 
 the State) such disposition of private property or appropriation thereof 
 for public uses as the public good shall appear to them to require; to 
 
105 
 
 make, and cause to be executed, all such orders, regulations and ar- 
 rangements, as they shall, from time to time, find expedient for bringing 
 into service, organizing and supporting, the whole, or any part, of the 
 population of the State, to be employed in the public service, and, also, 
 for maintaining such efficieut police as shall, by them, be thought 
 necessary ; to make, procure or employ arms, munitions of war, and 
 whatever else may be required for the defence of the State ; to consti- 
 tute aud appoint such agents as shall be necessary for the more efficient 
 execution of the powers hereby confided to them; for these purposes to 
 draw money from the public Treasury, the Treasurers being bound to 
 pay their draft from .any money in the Treasury ; to make all such 
 nominations and appointments to military offices as the Governor has 
 heretofore been authorized to make; to fill all offices and appointments 
 where there is any vacancy for default of action by the Legislature or 
 other appointing power, or for default of any provision by law of the 
 mode of appointment, and to fill, until the nest meeting of the People 
 in Convention, any vacancy which may occur in the Council by reason 
 of the death, resignation or removal from the State, of any one of the 
 three members thereof chosen by the Convention. 
 
 Sec. 3. In the discharge of all his duties and the exercise of all his 
 powers, not hereinbefore enumerated, the Governor is authorized to 
 consult the Council, aud to require, if need be, its advice in writing. 
 
 Sec. 4. The Governor aud Executive Council may, at their discre- 
 tion, arrange some or all of the business to be done by them, into 
 different departments, assign each department to one or more members 
 of the Council, and make rules for the management of a department 
 or other business. Acts done by either of the departments, in con- 
 formity to rules or orders established by the Governor and Council, 
 shall be valid, but shall be always subject to the control of the Gov- 
 ernor and Council. 
 
 Sec. 5. The Governor shall have access to the books and papers of 
 every department, and the opportunity of being, at all times, fully 
 informed of the condition of its business; reports to him shall be 
 made by the heads of departments, when he may require them; and he 
 shall communicate to this Convention and to the General Assembly, at 
 every meeting of either body, full information concerning the transac- 
 tions of the Council and the condition of every department. 
 
 Sec. 6. If there should be a vacancy in the office of Governor, the 
 Lieutenant Governor, having succeeded to that office, shall discharge 
 the duties herein required of the Governor; and the President of the 
 14 
 
106 
 
 Senate, having succeeded to the office of Lieutenant Governor, shall 
 become a member of the Executive Council. 
 
 Sec. 7. The Governor (or if he be necessarily absent, the Lieutenant 
 Governor,) and any two of the members of Council elected by this 
 Convention, shall be sufficient to*constitute a quorum ; and the concur- 
 rence of a majority of all present, there being a quorum, shall be 
 required for the validity of any action in which the Governor and 
 Council are required to act conjointly. If by vacancies, the Council 
 should be reduced to two or only one, the Governor, for the time being, 
 with those two or that one, shall be sufficient to fill the vacancies iu the 
 places of members chosen by this Convention, until the next meetiug 
 of the Convention. 
 
 Sec. 8. The Governor and Council shall keep a record of their pro* 
 ceedings, and for this purpose the Special Private Secretary of the 
 Governor shall be their Secretary without additional pay. This record 
 shall especial'y show the reasons for every arrest made by their 
 authority. Any one of them shall have the privilege of filing and thus 
 preserving as part of the record, his di'sent from* their action in any 
 matter. On the first day of each meeting of the People in Convention, 
 the record of all the proceedings of the Governor and Council had prior 
 thereto, shall be laid before such Convention, and the said proceedings 
 shall be subject to review, and to repeal, or such modification by the 
 Convention as to it shall seem proper. 
 
 Sec 9. The first meeting of the Governor and the Executive Coun- 
 cil shall be had within seven days after the adjournment of the present 
 sitting of this Convention, at a time and place to be fixed by the 
 Governor, of which he shall give notice to each member. Afterwards 
 their meetings shall be regulated by their own orders aud adjourn- 
 ments. 
 
 Sec. 10. Each member of the Council shall receive an annual salary 
 of two thousand dollars, payable quarterly out of the Treasury upon the 
 draft or order of the Governor. 
 
 Sec. 11. The President of the Convention, if in his opinion the 
 public exigencies shall require, or if he shall be requested in writing so 
 to do by any twenty members of the Convention, shall by notice under 
 his hand duly published, assemble this Convention, without delay, at a 
 time and place to be by him fixed, and he shall appoint a Committee of 
 five members of the Convention, a majority of whom, or the survivors 
 or survivor of such majority, shall, in case of the death, resignation or 
 disqualification of the President, have the like authority and be under 
 
107 
 
 the like obligation to assemble the Convention and appoint a time and 
 place for its meeting; but neither the President of the Convention nor 
 any member of the said Committee shall be a member of the Executive 
 Council. 
 
 [Certified copy.] 
 
 B. F. ARTHUR, Clerk of Convention. 
 
108 
 
 B. 
 
 EXECUTIVE COUNCIL CHAMBER, 
 Columbia, S. C, April 4, 18G2. 
 The following preamble and resolutions, adopted by the Governor and 
 
 Council, have been ordered to be published : 
 
 * # * * # * * * 
 
 Whereas, information has reached the Governor and Council that 
 sundry small vessels have from time to time carried from the port of 
 Charleston cargoes of cotton, which the Governor and Council have 
 reason to believe have found their way to the enemy, and which cer- 
 tainly have not brought back return cargoes of arms, munitions or army 
 supplies : Therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That during the continuance of the present blockade the 
 exportation of cotton from any port in South Carolina is hereby pro- 
 hibited, unless by the express permission of the Confederate or State 
 authorities. 
 
 Resolved, That an agent, resident in the city of Charleston, be ap- 
 pointed, who shall be authorized to grant permission for the exportation 
 of cotton on the terms hereinafter prescribed, to wit : Affidavit shall be 
 made that no part of the cotton exported shall, with the conseut or con- 
 nivance of the exporter, find its way into the possession of the enemy ; 
 aud boud, with good surety, shall be given that the full amount of the 
 net proceeds of the sale of said cotton shall be brought back into the 
 Confederate States in arms, munitions of war, or army supplies, unless 
 prevented by successful interposition of the enemyr 
 
 [Extract from the Minutes of April 4.] 
 
 By order of the Governor and Council. 
 
 F. J. MOSES, Jr., Secretary. 
 
 Columbia, April 11, 1862. 
 The resolutions of the fourth of April, after lying over for two days, 
 and the subject-matter undergoing discussion for several days previously, 
 were unanimously adopted, the policy being approved by the Governor 
 and every separate member of the Executive Council. We believed 
 that we were but attempting, as far as it was in the power of the State 
 authorities to do so, to carry out a settled policy, sanctioned by nine- 
 
109 
 
 tenths of the people of the Confederate States. We have been of 
 opinion that the exportation of cotton, at all, was conceded to be an 
 evil, so long as the blockade was tolerated by neutral powers, but that 
 our necessities were such as to make the importation of "arms, 
 munitions and army suppiies," and perhaps some other articles, an 
 object so important that such importation more than counterbalanced the 
 evil of a limited exportation of cotton. We desired, without in any 
 degree interfering with the Confederate Government, to make the ex- 
 portation and importation correlative. To effect this, we prohibit 
 exportation, without < xpress permission of the authorities of either one 
 or the other of the Governments. The failure to prohibit by the Con- 
 federate Government is not an express permission. The custom-house 
 clearance we have not considered as an express permission, unless the 
 Government should declare that if is so intended. If it should so declare, 
 we are foiled iu our efforts, that is all. But if it does not so declare, 
 we propose to prevent the exportation, unless by a special permission, 
 according to the circumstances of each case, from the one authority or 
 the other, or by a permission through an agent on the general terms 
 specified iu the second resolution. 
 
 Now, this can surely bring about no conflict between the Govern- 
 ments. As to the citizens claiming rights as secured by existing laws, 
 that, I admit, is a different question. That is a question we supposed 
 would be made; but unless the Confederate Government interferes in 
 their behalf, we do not doubt either our power or the propriety of its 
 exercise. 
 
 Some months ago, you must remember, that Mr. Trenholm proposed 
 to ship cotton, and had a vessel partly loaded for the purpose. Public 
 opinion was, at that time, so general and decided in opposition to such 
 exportation, that Mr. Trenholm, when appealed to, yielded to its force. 
 He desisted for the time, and took the cotton from his vessel. I shall 
 not now enter into the argument to show the grounds upon which this 
 overwhelming popular sentiment rested. I expressed my views pretty 
 fully through the papers at that time. Suffice it that, in the opinion of 
 the Council, this seutiment is well founded. We believe the exporta- 
 tion of cotton, in any other than certain exceptional cases, to be injuri- 
 ous to the public interests. We are charged with high powers for 
 protecting the public safety, and promoting the public welfare in the 
 exigencies growing.out of the present war. Among these powers are 
 these : "to declare martial law; to arrest disloyal or disaffected persons, 
 whose liberty we deem inconsistent with the public safety; to make 
 
110 
 
 such disposition of prfvatt property, or appropriation thereof, for 
 public uses, as we consider that the public good requires." We are 
 further charged with "procuring arms, munitions of war, and whatever 
 else may be required for the defence of the State." Now, cotton about 
 to be exported is "private property," about, as we believe, to be appropri- 
 ated to mischievous uses; have we not the power to "dispose of" it in 
 another way? If, in our opinion, it is needed " to procure arms, muni- 
 tions," and other things " required for the defence of the State," have 
 we not the power so to appropriate it ? If we have the power to seize, 
 dispose of and appropriate the cotton for such purposes, can it be usurpa- 
 tion to declare that the owner shall so appropriate it, if he exports it 
 at all ? The mere paper declaration is brutum fidnen unless enforced. 
 If called upon to enforce the declaration, then begins the exercise of 
 real power. Of course this has been considered, and when we seize the 
 cotton and vessel, and appropriate them ourselves to procure arms, by 
 sending them ourselves to Europe, we will do no more than exercise a 
 power clearly delegated 
 
 This argument applies to the powers of the Governor and Council, 
 under the Ordinance. As to the power of the State, does not the right 
 of eminent domain give to a State the absolute right to appropriate all 
 private properly to public uses, subject only to the claim for compensa- 
 tion ; more especially in times of war and public peril ? 
 
 The simple resolution is no more than a Governor's proclamation. It 
 may be bad taste to order what cannot be enforced, but as I have before 
 said, it is only when enforcement is attempted that any substantial usurpa- 
 tion can exist. The right to enforce, in the way we propose, is, iu my 
 judgment, clearly in the State] and as clearly delegated by the State to 
 the Governor and Council. I incline to think that any interference 
 with the exercise of this right, by the Confederate Government, would 
 be usurpation on their part. But ice do hot propose to raise any ques- 
 tion with that Government. When that Government orders or asks, or 
 even expressly permits cotton to go out, we not only do not attempt to en- 
 force prohibition, but we declare, beforehand, our assent. 
 
 I have written very hastily, but the subject I have considered. 
 
 If Mr. W. P. Co' cock be in Charleston, please show him this letter, 
 and ask him if he will accept the agency. He was appointed Agent 
 simultaneous'y with the adoption of the resolution, and a copy of the 
 resolution sent to him. « 
 
 I am yours, truly, 
 
 I. W. HAYNE. 
 
 To C. R. Miles, Esq., District Attorney C. S. 
 
PAUT III. 
 
 ON THE SPECIAL ACTION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF 
 JUSTICE AND POLICE. 
 
 To his Excellency, Governor Pickens, 
 
 Presiding over the Ecscutive Council of Siu'li Carolina : 
 
 I proceed now to report upon those matters acted upon belougiug 
 especially to the 
 
 DEPARTMENT OP JUSTICE AND POLICE, 
 
 or committed to the head of that Department. 
 
 First, as to the correspondence and conferences with the Commis- 
 sions appointed by the Convention to take charge of the removal of 
 negroes from the invaded Districts, and of women and children from 
 Charleston. 
 
 These Commissions, appointed by the Convention, and charged 
 with discretionary powers, are independent of the Governor and Coun- 
 cil, and were approached only in the way of suggestion, and for the 
 purpose of obtaining information. On this subject, I have already 
 reported, in special report No. 1, which I append to the present. (See 
 Appendix, A.) 
 
 These Commissions will report, I presume, directly to the Conven- 
 tion. 
 
 I have, as the head of the Department of Justice and Police, held 
 correspondence with the Provost Marshals presidiug over the Police 
 Courts established in the Seaboard Districts, under an Act of the Legis- 
 lature, entitled " An Act to provide more efficient Police Regulations 
 for the Districts on the Seaboard." This Act, providing Police Regu- 
 lations for the invaded Districts, is that to which [ alluded as having 
 been altered in some pirtieulars, by order of the Governor and Council. 
 The alterations do no more than carry out what appeared to be the 
 intention of the Legislature, except that extending the provisions to 
 Charleston. Before the new Court was organized, martial law was 
 
112 
 
 declared in the city, and the Mayor declining to act, as Provost Marshal, 
 no steps have been taken to put it into operation. Undoubtedly, the 
 amendments were "Police Regulations," iuteuded to make "more 
 efficient" the "regulations" already existing. 
 
 These Police Courts have, I think, for the most part, worked well, 
 and have had a wholesome influence. 
 
 The enforcement of the regulations prohibiting distillation of grain, 
 and the sale of spirituous liquors in certain places, has been committed 
 to me. In the matter of distillation, my information is that the inhibi- 
 tion has, to a great extent, executed itself. Instead of distillation 
 increasing to the fearful extent which was threatened, it has been less 
 than was ever known before. Whether any prosecutions are in prog- 
 ress, I do not know. Hearing of some violations in the District of- 
 Pickens, I appointed a Special Police Agent, to go to that District and 
 ascertain the facts. Several names were furnished him, but as no affi- 
 davits accompanied, he made but one arrest. This was an individual 
 whom he caught in the act of distillation. He was brought before me, 
 as the head of Police, and placed in jail until I should determine what 
 proceedings should be taken. After investigation, I discharged him 
 without prosecution, on his promise to give bond, with surety, that he 
 would not further violate the regulations of the Governor and Council 
 on this subject. Another Agent was subsequently sent to Union Dis- 
 trict, who caught a man there almost in the act of distillation, and who 
 confessed that he had been so employed. The Agent made affidavit of 
 the fact, and the Sheriff, under my orders, arrested the distiller, and 
 delivered him to the Agent, to be brought before me, and lodged in 
 jail, in Columbia. Some delay was created in this case, by the employ- 
 ment of counsel, but he, too, was, after investigation, discharged with- 
 out prosecution, on his giving bond not to violate further the regulations 
 of the Governor and Council. 
 
 An Agent in Pickens has more recently made as many as six arrests, 
 but, as he informs me, on warrants issued by a Magistrate, en affidavit 
 made that the parties were engaged iu distillation. I have instructed 
 him that, upon giving good bond, and paying the costs and charges of 
 Magistrates and Police Agent, they should be discharged without prose- 
 cution, unless otherwise directed by the Solicitor of the Circuit. 
 
 In all cases, the Police Agent is instructed to bring away the still of 
 the party offending, to be used in the cannon foundry. In one instance, 
 upon affidavit of the distillation at certain distilleries, the stills were 
 seized without arrest of the parties. 
 
113 
 
 For the .sale of liquor on the line of the railroads, I have had occa- 
 sion to have but three persons brought before me, all of whom acknowl- 
 edged their guilt, and were srlad to be relieved on giving bond and 
 paying expenses. Several in Columbia, upon being warned, have 
 volunteered the bond, and no actual arrest has taken place. In three 
 instances, bar-rooms have been closed, and the key taken by the 
 Policeman, but afterwards restored, upon giving bond. I have not 
 considered any harsher action necessary, inasmuch as the evil origin- 
 ally complained of — drunkenness of troops on railroad cars — has, to a 
 great extent, disappeared, and public bar-rooms at the termini of rail- 
 roads and at railroad stations, have been effectually suppressed. 
 
 It will be observed that these arrests and temporary detentions, en- 
 forcing regulations of Police, are such as the head of every municipal 
 corporation makes daily. So far, they have been used to secure prelim- 
 inary examination, as initiatory to an investigation of the violation of 
 Police Regulations. These arrests are incident to the power " to make 
 and enforce" the "Regulations" themselves, and are in no wi'se con- 
 nected with the substantive power " to arrest and detain disloyal and 
 disaffected persons, whose being at large was deemed dangerous." 
 This latter leaves the party arrested without claim to bail or mainprize, 
 and subject to imprisonment, as long as the Governor and Council 
 might deem necessary to the public safety. 
 
 I am pleased to state that no occasion has occurred requiring the ex- 
 ercise of this high power — the arrest and detention of disloyal and 
 disaffected persons. The first case presented was that of some man in 
 York District, who, upon affidavit made of disloyal language, had been 
 arrested and carried before Judge Withers. The Judge turned the 
 matter over to the Governor and Council, stating that there were cir- 
 cumstances inducing him to doubt the sanity of the party. By order 
 of the Governor and Council, a Commission was instructed to examine 
 into this issue. The physicians appointed on the Commission reported 
 the man insane, and he was treated accordingly. Very many affidavits 
 have been sent us, and still more frequently letters charging disloyalty, 
 but we have in no case been convinced that the party charged " being at 
 large, was inconsistent with the public safety." One man was sent to 
 me in Charleston, under arrest from General Evans, charged with disloy- 
 alty. I committed him to jail, but the charge not being pressed, and 
 knowing something myself of the party, and believing that there was 
 some misapprehension, I some days afterwards discharged him. 
 
 The passport system, introduced at the instance of your Excellency, 
 15 
 
114 
 
 was committed to me. A passport was required of all persons coming 
 into or going out of Columbia. To execute this, I employed two police- 
 men, at fifty dollars per month, to attend to this business, and remain 
 subject at other times to my order. With the cooperation and assist- 
 ance of the Railroad Agents the system worked with some degree of 
 efficiency, but it was found that, without incurring much greater ex- 
 pense, the surveillance could not be made complete, and the necessity 
 not appearing urgent, the resolution was suspended. 
 
 Upon the matter of the supply of negro labor, for the defence of 
 Charleston, partially committed to me, the question has been so delicate 
 and full of difficulty, that I have not ventured to act without consulta- 
 tion with yourself and the Council. The Council found the system of 
 impressment of negroes already inaugurated by a resolution of the Leg- 
 islature when they came into office. Complaints were already loud 
 and frequent. The first efforts of the Council were directed to putting 
 a limit on the existing power. Your Excellency, as well, I believe, as 
 every member of the Council, preferred that the forced labor should be 
 taken from that portion of the State where it was least available to the 
 owners and to the community, and could be best spared. They con- 
 fined the impressment to the city and the adjacent invaded Districts. 
 The Confederate Generals loudly complained, and a Commission, ap- 
 pointed by ourselves, reported that it was impracticable to get labor 
 enough there. Gen. Ripley declared, in plain terms, that with a sup- 
 ply of negro labor Charleston could be made safe, but that without this 
 labor he would not feel himself responsible for consequences. I myself, 
 at this point, was willing to do what we have recently ordered, that is, 
 open the whole State, and equalize as far as possible the burthen. 
 Your Excellency and the other members of the Council, hoping that 
 each call would be the last, preferred still to confine impressment within 
 as narrow limits as possible. Thus, until the adoption, at your instance, 
 I believe, of Col. Chesnut's report, and the system there recommended, 
 impressment had been confined to Georgetown, Charleston, Colleton, 
 Beaufort, Williamsburg, Clarendon, Orangeburg, and Barnwell. The 
 number of negroes furnished from this region I have not been able to 
 ascertain, but, altogether, it must be more than is now called for from 
 the Districts hitherto exempt. 
 
 Nothing that has or can be said on the subject of hardships and mis- 
 chiefs growing out of such requisitions, has escaped the consideration 
 of your Excellency and the Council. It has appeared to us, however, 
 under the circumstances, a necessity, and we have met it. 
 
115 
 
 The same necessity which justifies the conscription of the white man, 
 justifies the impressment of the negro. As I have said, the power to 
 impress is clearly given under the authority to order and enforce the 
 disposition and appropriation of private property to public use ; the only 
 question which has arisen, was on the propriety of its exercise. 
 
 It is proper to state, in this connection, that although the Governor 
 and Council are responsible for the extent of the authority given to the 
 Confederate Generals, in the earlier stages, the requisitions themselves, 
 as well as the mode and manner of enforcement, was committed .to them. 
 The calls were so sudden, and the emergency represented as so pressing, 
 that, considering the occasion as temporary only, it was left to those 
 who best understood the necessity, and who alone had the practical 
 means to enforce obedience, to raise the labor required. Afterwards an 
 agent was appointed, to act under the directions of the General — but 
 though instructions were given to equalize as far as possible the burthen 
 in the region designated, still, where parties neglected or refused to re- 
 spond to the requisition, the enforcement was, from necessity, committed 
 to the Confederate General. We had not at command either troops or 
 other means to compel compliance. 
 
 On such a subject we, of course, have received many memorials and 
 communications, to which we have respectfully replied, through some 
 member of the body. One memorial, signed by the greatest number of 
 citizens, and by gentlemen of the highest consideration, was, before we 
 had time to act upon it, published in the papers. In reply to this, we 
 published a report from Professor Holmes. 
 
 I have before adverted to the resolution introduced by your Excel- 
 lency, on the subject of the manufacture of salt. It is as follows: 
 
 "Resolved, That fifty thousand dollars be set aside to encourage and 
 force forward the manufacture of salt, and that the Chief of Justice and 
 Police be authorized to execute this in such manner as he may think 
 best for the State." 
 
 Though the whole subject was thus committed to me, the practical 
 exercise was so far removed from my past pursuits, and so little in the 
 line of any natural gifts which I might suppose myself to possess, that 
 I invariably applied to the Council for advice. The very extraordinary 
 price to which, soon after, salt advanced, seemed in itself as well cal- 
 culated "to force forward" its manufacture as anything within the 
 power of the Council. Some men, however, who desired to engage in 
 the manufacture, were without the means, and it was deemed expedient 
 
110 
 
 to advance the money — to be paid for in salt. All seemed to be 
 checked in some degree by the fear of loss by capture or destruction by 
 the enemy, and the Council agreed to assume that risk, on certain con- 
 ditions. 
 
 At a time when Charleston was greatly threatened, and after the 
 Confederate troop3 had abandoned Georgetown, the coast in Colleton 
 and Beaufort being already, to a great extent, occupied by the enemy, 
 Horry appeared to be the only region open for salt operations. Gen. 
 Harllee, being well acquainted with the people and the localities, 
 undertook, at the request of the Governor and Council, to go personally 
 and make contracts, and appoint an agent to Represent the State. So 
 far as that region of the State is concerned, I am only charged with 
 superintending the contracts thus made. A tabular statement will 
 present what has been done. (See Appendix, B.) 
 
 In addition to what there appears, I will add that Professor John 
 LeConte, at my request, visited a portiou of the country where it was 
 supposed that salt wells might bo obtained. His report was unfavora- 
 ble, and the estimate of Mr. "Welton, the Superintendent of tho 
 Artesian Well in Charleston, as to the cost of an experiment, being 
 very high, it was not thought expedient to enter upon the enterprise. 
 
 Due inquiry has been made at the salt works in Virginia, as to the 
 possibility of making some arrangement for a supply of the wants of 
 the State, but the information so far is unfavorable. 
 
 I was charged with the execution of a resolution, adopted March 1st, 
 to wit : 
 
 "Resolved, That the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars be loaned 
 to the Charleston and Savannah Railroad Company, upon the condition 
 that any future indebtedness of the State to the Company, for trans- 
 porting troops, or carrying provisions, or any other purpose, shall be 
 considered a payment by the Company of a part of the said loan, and 
 that the cars or other property purchased with the money loaned as 
 above, shall be mortgaged to the State." 
 
 This was adopted at a time when the region of country through 
 which this railroad passed was considered in immiueut peril, and the 
 removal of negroes, provisions and other property was deemed of the 
 utmost importance. The road, it was represented, could do a much 
 larger business but for an insufficiency of cars, and of switchesand turn-outs. 
 
 I insert the report of the President of the road upon this subject, but 
 recently received : 
 
n: 
 
 " President's Office, Charleston and Savannah R. R., 
 Charleston, August 16, 1862. 
 11 Hon. I. "W. Hayne, Chief D op 1 1 Justice and Police, Columbia, S. C : 
 
 " Dear Sir : On the 22d March last I had the honor to report to 
 you the result of my effort to purchase twenty (20) cars, under a reso- 
 lution of the Council (March 1st). After a thorough inquiry, I could 
 only ohtain the number authorized •with great difficulty here. Roads 
 everywhere refused to listen to proposals for the sale of any portion of 
 their rolling stock. 
 
 "The price agreed upon was §12,250 (twelve thousand two hundred 
 and fifty dollars), but in consequence of a difficulty in delivering the 
 cars, I have not yet called for the appropriation. I expect to do so, 
 however, in a few days. 
 
 " Under the resolution above referred to, we were also authorized to 
 construct additional turn-outs, for the purpose of aiding the removal of 
 provisions and other property from the line. Tbe work, so far as we 
 felt warranted in proceeding, has been done. And I beg to enclose you 
 statements of its cost in full detail. The amount, 68,262 03, you will 
 please cause to be remitted at early convenience. I take the liberty to 
 add that it would not be easy to estimate the importance to the public 
 of the aid thus furnished by the Council. 
 
 " With great respect, 
 (Signed) W. J. MAGRATH." 
 
 The amount advanced will, I have no doubt, be made good, ulti- 
 mately, to the State. 
 
 About the same time the attention of the Governor and Council was 
 called to the advantages which would accrue from uniting the Charles- 
 ton and Savannah Railroad with the South Carolina and North-Eastern 
 Railroads, and more particularly the completion of a bridge allowing 
 rolling stock of the Charleston and Savannah Railroad to cross the 
 Ashley River. Generals Lee, Pemberton and Ripley expressed the 
 greatest interest in the work, and the two latter pronounced it a military 
 necessity. Time has only served to magnify the importance of the 
 enterprise. The rolling stock of the Charleston and Savannah Railroad 
 must alone be worth at this time (that is, if money can be made a 
 measure at all of that which, all important in itself, cannot be supplied 
 elsewhere,) at least a half million of dollars. If that road should get even 
 into temporary possession of the enemy, the rolling stock must inevita- 
 
118 
 
 bly be lost. But the connection proposed is of the utmost importance. 
 After a great deal of negotiation, and the failure of many efforts on the part 
 of the Governor and Council, the following resolution was adopted, to wit : 
 
 Resolved That the Chief of the Department of Justice and Police 
 be authorized to take all necessary measures to have the connection 
 completed between the Charleston and Savannah Railroad and the 
 South Carolina and North-Eastern Railroads: Provided, in his judg- 
 ment, it can be effected for anything within the sum of thirty-five 
 thousand dollars, General Pemberton having pronounced the work a 
 military necessity." 
 
 Upon the report of competent engineers, I concluded that the work 
 might be accomplished for the thirty-five thousand dollars, aud accord- 
 ingly appointed a Commission, to consist of Messrs. W. J. Magrath, 
 President of the Charleston and Savannah Railroad Company; Alfred 
 Ravenel, President of the North-Eastern Railroad Company; and H. 
 T. Peake, Superintendent of the South Carolina Railroad, to execute 
 the work. I have recently received from Mr. Magrath the letter 
 appeuded, together with the report of the Engineer, which I likewise 
 append : 
 
 "President's Office, Charleston and Savannah R. R., 
 " Charleston, August 16, 1862. 
 11 Hon. I. W. IlAYNE, Chief Department Justice and Police, Columbia : 
 
 "Dear Sir: I have the honor to submit for your information, the 
 accompanying report of B. D. Hasell, Esq., Vice-President of the 
 Charleston aud Savannah Railroad, on the progress and present condition 
 of the Ashley River bridge. 
 
 " When, in May last, I undertook, at your request, in connection 
 with Messrs. Ravenel and Peake, to arrange for the execution of this 
 work, I immediately placed it entirely in charge of Mr. Hasell, whoso 
 large experience aud ability as an engineer would, I felt sure, accom- 
 plish all that could reasonably be looked for. 
 
 " It is hardly necessary that I should add anything in confirmation of 
 the Engineer's statements of the obstacles he has had to encounter, and 
 which have greatly retarded the work. It is well known to you, and 
 to all, how difficult just now it is to forward, with energy and rapidity, 
 enterprises of any magnitude, and this work has been peculiarly embar- 
 rassed by the necessities of the Confederate authorities for the very 
 material, machinery and labor indispensable to its speedy completion. 
 
119 
 
 " I am gratified, however, in being able to state that so far, in this 
 month, the progress of the work is much more satisfactory than pre- 
 viously. We are all animated by a most earnest desire to bring it to 
 as early and successful conclusion as possible, and will unite all our 
 energies for the purpose. 
 
 "With great respect, 
 (Signed) W. J. MAGRATH, Chairman." 
 
 "President's Office, Charleston and Savannah R. R., 
 
 "Charleston, August 11, 1862. 
 
 "W. J. MAGRATH, Esq., , Agent of the State df South Carolina: 
 
 " Dear Sir : Up to this date, the piling for sixty-eight piers of 
 the Ashley River bridge have been driven, fifty-four piers have been 
 capped, and three hundred lineal feet of longitudinal braces have been 
 put on the caps. The original estimate calls for one hundred and 
 fifty-two piers of the main bridge, and, therefore, 46-100, or nearly 
 one-half of the piling, is finished. None of the corbels or stringers 
 have been put on the bridge, but the timber is mostly on the ground. 
 The value of the work done, and materials furnished, may be estimated 
 in round numbers at ten thousand five hundred dollars. 
 
 " The slow progress of the work is mainly attributable to the diffi- 
 culty in procuring hands and labor, and also additional pile-drivers. 
 
 " The contractor had, at one time, two pile-drivers engaged on the 
 bridge, but was compelled to give up one, to be used by the Govern- 
 ment on harbor defences. 
 
 " With the present difficulty in procuring labor, tools and materials, 
 I doubt if the contractor will be able to finish the bridge much before 
 the time when we may expect the enemy to renew his demonstrations 
 against us in the fall. 
 
 " Very respectfully, jours, 
 (Signed) BENTLEY D. HASELL, Vice President:' 
 
 I believe I have touched upon everything appertaining to my De- 
 partment, or specially committed to me. With regard to the provisions 
 of section number eight of the Ordinance of the Convention for 
 strengthening the Executive, to which my attention was particularly 
 called by your Excellency, to wit : That " the record shall especially 
 show the reasons for every arrest made by their authority," I have 
 referred this provision to arrests made under the second great substan- 
 tive power grauted, to wit : the power " to arrest and detain all disloyal 
 
120 
 
 and disaffected persons whose being at large they shall deem inconsis- 
 tent with the public safety." This power, necessarily discretionary, 
 which requires no affidavit or specific averment, and which, if my views 
 are correct, habeas oorpus would not remedy, it was very necessary to 
 guard. 
 
 Being in this matter responsible to no other constituted authority 
 than the Convention, a full disclosure to that body is specially enjoined. 
 No such arrests, as I have said, have been made. The arrests already 
 mentioned, preliminary to further proceedings, and which, if wrong, 
 a habeas carpus would remedy, are such as, I have before remarked, 
 every Mayor of a city, or Iutendant of a village is in the habit of order- 
 ing almost every day. The affidavits are on file, however, and can be 
 seen. The names I have withheld in this report, thinking it aa un- 
 necessary mortification to the parties to publish them. 
 Respectfully, your ob't servant. 
 
 I. W. HAYNE. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 
 A. 
 
 STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Department op Justice and Police, 
 Columbia, S. C, March 3, 1862. 
 
 As Chief of the Department of Justice and Police, I have the honor 
 to make my first written report. The action heretofore taken by this 
 Department, having been the subject of almost daily consultation with 
 the Governor and Council, I have not, up to this time, considered a 
 formal communication as necessary; but having been six days absent 
 from Columbia on official duty, I now respectfully report : 
 
 That on Saturday, the 22d instant, at three o'clock, I received a 
 telegram from Gen. S. R. Gist, stating that General Ripley, the General 
 in command, desired my presence in the city immediately, aud> that he 
 (General Gist) and Judge Magrath thought it important that I should 
 come down at once. I left in the five o'clock train, arrived in Charles- 
 ton at daylight, and at nine o'clock, A. M., saw General Ripley. He 
 informed me that certain changes in the disposition of the forces along 
 the line of the Charleston and Savannah Railroad were probable, and 
 read to me a correspondence between Gen. Lee and himself on this sub- 
 ject. I agreed with General Ripley, that the change, if made, would 
 render a prompt and more efficient action proper on the part of the 
 Commissions appointed by the Convention to execute the Ordinance 
 and Resolutions on the subject of removing negroes and other property 
 from invaded territory. I found that these Commissions had not had 
 any meeting of consultation, and that several of the Commissions had 
 never met among themselves. Though these Commissions are inde- 
 pendent of each other, and, as I think, of the Governor and Council, 
 having certain large discretionary powers vested in them separately by 
 the Convention, yet some concert of action, or at least a comparison of 
 views, appeared to me eminently proper, and had been advised by me 
 as Chief of the Police Department, immediately after my appointment. 
 16 
 
122 
 
 Though without the power to control the separate Commissions in the 
 exercise of their discretion, I had considered it as a duty devolved on 
 the branch of the Executive authority committed to my Department, 
 to advise with aud offer aid to these Commissions, and had accordingly, 
 at an early day, opened correspondence with the Confederate Generals 
 on the subject, and communicated the result, with my own suggestions, 
 to the Chairman of these Commissions. The Confederate Generals 
 concurred in recommending, from the first, that preparations should, 
 without delay, be made by the Commissions acting under the 
 Ordinances and Resolutions of the Convention. 
 
 On Monday, the day following my interview with General Ripley, I 
 called together as many of the Commissions as could be assembled on so 
 short a notice. The Commissions, except those of Georgetown and 
 Horry, were represented. I found, from their report, that very little 
 had as yet been done. I pressed upon them the importance of more 
 prompt and active exertions, and after learning the communication from 
 General Ripley, some impression seemed to be made upon them. The 
 President of the Charleston and Savannah Railroad Company was before 
 us, and it appeared that the means of transportation were very limited, 
 and were further embarrassed by the irregular calls of the military. It 
 was apparent that no general exodus could be effected. 
 
 It was the opinion of those present, that in the time now permitted 
 for action, the voluntary movers would consume all the means available, 
 and that it was therefore inexpedient to notify parties that they were 
 required to remove, or to use compulsion, so far as owners were con- 
 cerned. 
 
 These Commissions were anxious to be more definitely informed as to 
 proposed military changes. I went accordingly, at their request, to 
 Savannah, and saw General Lee. He stated that there w r as really no 
 positive change in the military policy, but that he was more than ever 
 convinced, from recent developments, that the enemy meant to attack 
 both Savannah and Charleston, aud that when Charleston was attacked 
 he felt more than ever assured that it would be in such force that its 
 defence would require the concentration "of his own forces, particularly 
 General Pemberton's command, and that this would necessarily leave a 
 large and wealthy portion of the State at the mercy of the enemy. 
 
 I returned the next day, and being unable to assemble the Commis- 
 sions that evening, called them together for the next day. I reported 
 at this meeting, and the Commissions seemed convinced of the neces- 
 sity of immediate proceedings. The Commissions further requested 
 
123 
 
 that I would obtain a central Secretary, residing in Charleston, to aid 
 the Commissions in the contemplated removals. James Tupper, Esq., 
 a gentleman eminently qualified for these duties, had previously volun- 
 teered his services in any way he could be made useful to the State. 
 I spoke to him after the meeting of the Commissions, and obtained his 
 consent to serve in this way. I recommend his appointment by the 
 Governor and Council. 
 
 It was at the first meeting of the Commissions that- the resolutions 
 communicated to this body, and upon which it has since acted, were 
 adopted, in regard to an appropriation of money to aid in increasing 
 the means of transportation on the Charleston and Savannah Railroad. 
 
 I returned to Columbia in the night train of Friday, immediately 
 after the business above referred to was completed. 
 
 I. W. HAYNE, 
 Chief of the Department of Justice and Police. 
 
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REPORT 
 
 OF TIIE. SUB-COMMITTEE ON THE REPORT OF THE 
 CHIEF OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY AND 
 FINANCE. 
 
 The sub-committee of the Committee of Twenty-one, to whom was 
 referred the "Report of the Chief of the Department of Treasury and 
 Finance," beg leave respectfully to report, that they have performed 
 the duty assigned them, and find that the affairs of this Department 
 have been managed with great fidelity and accuracy. 
 
 All the books and vouchers have been carefully examined, and the 
 accounts found to be correct and eminently satisfactory. 
 
 R. B. RHETT, Chairman, 
 THOS. Y. SIMONS, 
 WM. D. JOHNSON. 
 
N 
 
EEPORT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CHIEF OF THE DEPARTMENT 
 
 OF 
 
 TREASURY AND FINANCE 
 
 TO 
 
 HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR PICKENS. 
 
 17 
 
REPORT. 
 
 EXECUTIVE COUNCIL, SOUTH CAROLINA, 
 
 Department of Treasury and Finance, 
 
 Columbia, August 1st, 1862. 
 To His Excellency Gov. Pickens : 
 
 Sir : In accordance with your request, I have the honor to submit a 
 Report upon the transactions of the Department of the Treasury and of 
 Finance. 
 
 This Department was assigned by the Governor and Council to the 
 Hon. Wm. H. Gist and myself, under the Ordinance of the Convention, 
 entitled an " Ordinance to strengthen the Executive during the cxigen- 
 cies of the present war." My associate having been subsequently 
 appointed Chief of the Department of Construction and Manufacture, 
 the duties of this Department have x since that time, devolved princi- 
 pally upon me. 
 
 Rules for the management of this Department were adopted by the 
 Governor and Council, ou the 17h of January, 1862. A copy of these 
 rules are herewith submitted, marked A. By these rules the Chiefs of 
 the Treasury ware required to ascertain what funds were subject to the 
 drafts of the Governor and Council, and what demands existed against 
 the said funds; to enforce the proper accounting of disbursing officers, 
 and to require to be submitted, whenever practicable, estimates for expen- 
 ditures, before advances were made from the said fuuds; to adjust and 
 present for payment such claims of the State against the Confederate 
 Government as had not been entrusted to other hands; and to keep 
 regular accounts of the receipts aud disbursements of the Department, 
 and exhibit them to the Governor and Council whenever required. 
 
 The only fund upon which drafts have been drawn by the Governor 
 and Council has been that derived from the sale of stocks issued under 
 the Act of Assembly passed in December, 1861, and entitled " An Act 
 to authorize the issue of stock to the amount of §1,800,000, for the 
 military defence of the State, and for other purposes." The funds 
 arisiug from the sale of this stock were subjected to the order of the 
 
 I 
 
Governor by the Appropriation Act of 1861, and these funds have 
 been drawn and disbursed, in every instance, upon your Excellency's 
 drafts upon the Treasury and checks on the Bank cf the State and its 
 Branch in Columbia, countersigned by one of the Chiefs of the T* ea.su ry. 
 
 From the Statements 1 aud 2 of the Treasurer of the Lower division, 
 herewith submitted as Exhibit B, it will appear that of the §1,800,000 
 authorized to be raised by the Act of 1801, there has been realized, 
 from the subscriptions of sundry Banks of this State to the stock issued 
 under the said Act, including- interest, the sum of 81,521,180 81. 
 The difference between the principal of this sum aud the whole 
 issue authorized by the Act (§285,290), is the proportion of the Bank 
 of the State to the said subscription. For this balance of stock unsold, 
 no issue, as I am informed, will be made, but the said sum will be 
 advanced by the Bank of the State as the exigencies of the Treasury 
 may require. Of the cash realized from the sales of the said stock, 
 3300,000 was appropriated by the last Legislature to the payment of 
 the loan to the State, made by certain Banks under the resolution of 
 the General Assembly, adopted at its extra session, held in November, 
 1861. This last sum, together with the interest thereon (82,803 09), 
 deducted from the cash proceeds of the sale of the stock, will give 
 81,218,377 72. The amount paid into the Treasury by the Bank of 
 the State, according to the statement of the Treasurer of the Lower 
 Division, is 81,254,706 98, which is 836,329 26 in "excess of the 
 proceeds of sales, after providing for the loan of 8300,000, aud is to 
 be reimbursed to the Bank from the value of stock unsold. Exhibit 
 B., No. 3, will show the details of this computation. As to the periods 
 at which the stock was sold, it may be proper to state that the Presi- 
 dent of the Bank of the State found it impracticable, as I am informed 
 by him, to act upon the suggestion of your Excellency, that the stock 
 should be sold only as the demands upon the Treasury might require, 
 and thus avoid the loss of interest which the State would otherwise 
 incur. The Banks which subscribed for the stock, having setf opart 
 funds for that purpose, were unwilling to postpone their investments, 
 or hold their quotas idle, and hence the sales were made at the times 
 mentioned in the Statement of the Treasurer. 
 
 The accompanying account marked C, exhibits in detail, all the 
 receipts and disbursements by the Governor aud Council up to the date 
 of this report. The aggregate of expenditures is 8938,235 57. The 
 items which make up this sum, are arranged under the different heads 
 of disbursements for the respective departments of the Council and for 
 
133 
 
 the contingent expenses of the Executive and Adjutant General's De- 
 partments. The amount expended for each of these Departments is as 
 follows : 
 
 For the Department of Military $826,404 82 
 
 For the Department of Construction and Manufacture 89,G84 57 
 
 For the Department of Justice and Police 15,985 48 
 
 For the contingent expenses of Executive and Adjutant 
 
 General's Departments 6,160 70 
 
 All of the purposes for which the above expenditures were made, 
 were, strictly speaking, for the military defence of the State, being 
 directly or indirectly connected therewith. But I have thought it best 
 to make the classification above indicated, so as to show the expenses 
 of each Department, and to make the general accounts of the Treasury 
 harmonize with and corroborate the separate reports of the different 
 Departments. 
 
 In accordance with the rules of this Department I have required that 
 all advances of funds should be preceded, whenever practicable, by 
 requisitions approved by the head of the proper Department and passed 
 for payment by the Governor and Council. The accounts of the various 
 Military Bureaus have also been critically examined with their vouchers, 
 and being approved aud certified have beeu deposited with the Chief 
 of the Department of the Military. I respectfully request that the 
 books and vouchers, from which the accounts now submitted are pre- 
 pared, may be examined and passed upon by such Committee as your 
 Excellency may select, or such as the Convention or Legislature may 
 designate. 
 
 The abstracts, marked D., which accompany this report, exhibit in a 
 condensed form the present condition of the stock and cash account and 
 the balances thereof still subject to draft under the Appropriation Act 
 of 1861. The said balances at this date are as follows : 
 
 For Stock unsold 0285,290 02 
 
 Less advanced by Bank 36,329 26 
 
 248,960 74 
 
 For Cash in State Treasury 254,706 98 
 
 For Cash in Bank of State 69,636 13 
 
 For Cash in Branch Bank, Columbia 24,196 37—348,539 48 
 
 Aggregate balance of Stock and Cash.. §597,500 22 
 
 This balance, still subject to the order of the Governor and Council, 
 
134 
 
 will, in all probability, be increased, at no distant day, by tbe receipt 
 from the Confederate Government of tbe amount expended by the State 
 upon the iron-clad gunboat now in course of construction, in Charleston, 
 uuder the order of the Convention, and which boat the said Govern- 
 ment has agreed to take at its cost. The amount thus far paid on 
 account of this boat is §170,000 This sum has beeu drawn from the 
 fund arising from the stock sold under the Act of the Legislature for 
 the defence of the State, without resort to the appropriation of the 
 Convention for that specific object. The above balance of cash on 
 hand may be still further increased over $100,000, by fuuds arising 
 from the sale of Ordnance, Quartermaster and Commissary stores. 
 These funds are now subject to the order of the Chief of Department 
 of the Military, to whose report upon this subject reference is here 
 made. 
 
 The duties imposed upon the Chief of the Treasury by rule 4th of this 
 Department, relating to the claims of this State against the Confederate 
 Government, have been extended by certain resolutions introduced by 
 your Excellency, and adopted by the Council. A copy of these resolu- 
 tions are appended, marked E. Previous to the organization of the 
 present Executive Council, my predecessor in the Treasury Department, 
 General W. G. DeSaussure, had prepared aud presented the claims of 
 this State against the Confederate Government, up to the 1st of July, 
 1861. These claims he was not allowed the opportunity fully to audit 
 during his attendance at Richmond for that purpose. And upon the 
 assurance that the said claims would be verified during his absence, he 
 left them with the Auditor of the Confederate States Treasury, together 
 with the necessary vouchers, and returned home. Since that time no 
 information has been received if? response to my inquiries as to what 
 progress, if any, had been made in auditing the said claims. In 
 February last $250,000 00 was paid by the Confederate Government 
 to Gen. DeSaussure, on account of the claims of this State, which sum 
 was by him deposited in the Treasuiy, where it now remains. As to 
 the claims which have accrued since the 1st of July, 1SG1, no defi- 
 nite result has as yet been attained, although some progress has been 
 made in their ascertainment. I have called upon the heads of the 
 difl'creut Military Bureaus in the State for reports upon their operations 
 duriug my term of office. When these are submitted, I will be pre- 
 pared to complete the adjustment now in progress of the claims against 
 the Confederate Government, which have accrued within that period. 
 
 Having been called by the orders of the Governor aud Council 
 
135 
 
 to other duties in connection with the military defence of the State, 
 I was furnished by them for one month with the assistance of Gen- 
 eral James Jones, to whose systematic and business habits I am much 
 indebted, not only in auditing a portion of the accounts, but for the 
 arrangement and classification of the books and business of the Depart- 
 ment. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 W. W. HARLLEE, 
 Chief of Department of Treasury and Finance. 
 
136 
 EXHIBIT A. 
 
 Executive Council Chamber, 
 
 January 17, 1802. 
 Rules for the Management of the Department of the Treasury and 
 Finance, adopted by the Governor and Executive Council. 
 
 RULE I. The Chiefs of the Department of Treasury and Finance 
 shall proceed without delay to ascertain from the proper Officers a state- 
 ment of the funds in the Treasury of the State, subject to the drafts 
 of the Governor and Council, under the powers conferred on them by 
 the Ordinance of the Convention, and the appropriations of the Legis- 
 lature which may be so subject, as well as ascertain what other sums 
 which may come into the Public Treasury that may be subject to the 
 drafts of the Governor and Council, from anysources; also the present 
 demands upon the Treasury, for expenditures, purchases of all descrip- 
 tions, for transportation of troops, munitions of war and other supplies, 
 and report the same to the Governor and Council. 
 
 Rule II. It shall be the duty of the Chiefs of said Department, or 
 either of them, to require all disbursing officers in the military service 
 of the State, and all others entrusted with public funds for army pur- 
 poses, to account at such stated periods as may be fixed by them for 
 disbursements of money entrusted to them, and produce proper vouchers 
 therefor, and to report the same to the Governor and Couucil ; also to 
 require estimates to be submitted by such officers, with the approval of 
 the Chief of the Military Department, of the necessary expenditures 
 for the military services of the State, or for the purposes of police, &c, 
 when the same is practicable, before the funds are advanced to them • 
 and when practicable, such estimates shall be submitted to the Governor 
 and Council, and such advances as are made, and the amounts thereof, 
 shall be determined on by the Governor and Council prior to such 
 advance. 
 
 Rule III. All drafts on the Treasury and the Dank of the State, 
 authorized to be drawn ! y the Governor and Council, under the Ordi- 
 nance of the Convention, or by the Governor, for military purposes, 
 under the Acts of the Legislature, shall be countersigned by either of 
 the Chiefs of said Department. 
 
 Rule IV. It shall be the duty of the Chiefs of said Department, 
 or one of them, to present for settlement and receive from the Con- 
 federate Government, such sums of money as may be due to this State 
 
137 
 
 for advances made by this State, properly chargeable to the Confederate 
 Government, and to receipt for the same, except such claims as are 
 already in the hands of Hon. "W. G. DeSaussure, lately in the Depart- 
 ment of the Treasury, and such as, by the laws of the State, he may 
 be required to receipt for. All sums so received by the Chiefs of said 
 Department, or either of them, shall be deposited in the State Trea- 
 sury, and reported to the Governor and Council without delay. 
 
 Rule V. The Chiefs of the said Department are authorized to make 
 a distribution of the duties and powers of the. Department betwixt 
 themselves, and to establish such rules as they may deem advisable for 
 securing the proper accounting of officers and others, which shall be 
 reported to and subject to the approval of the Governor and Council ; 
 but the signature and acts of either one of them shall be as valid in the- 
 said Department as if done by both. 
 
 Rule VI. The Chiefs of the said Department shall keep a book or 
 books, showing the transactions thereof, both in the receipts and dis- 
 bursements of money, which shall be exhibited to the Governor and 
 Council at such stated meetings as they may require; and for this pur- 
 pose they are authorized to procure the services of a clerk, at such rate 
 of compensation as shall be fixed by the Governor and Council. 
 By order of the Governor and Council. 
 
 F. J. MOSES, Jr., Secretary. 
 
 I 
 
 \- 
 
138 
 
 EXHIBIT B— No. 1. 
 
 Subscribers to Loan 81,800,000, under Art of Drcrmbrr, 1801. 
 
 BY 
 
 Bank of Charleston 
 
 Bank of South Carolina 
 
 State Bank 
 
 Union Bank 
 
 Planters' and Mechanics' Bank 
 
 Farmers' and Exchange Bank 
 
 People's Bank 
 
 South Western Bailroad Bank 
 
 Exchange Bank of Coluiuhia 
 
 Bank of Hamburg 
 
 Planters' Bank, Fairfield 
 
 Bank of Chester 
 
 Merchants' Bank of South Carolina 
 
 Bank of Georgetown 
 
 Bank of Newberry 
 
 Bank of the State of South Carolina* (not 
 issued) 
 
 Amount Bub- 
 Bcribed for. 
 
 1368,330 
 121,621 
 107,079 
 
 121,621 
 
 121,621 
 
 121,621 
 
 180,000 
 
 93,159 
 
 53,540 
 
 53,540 
 
 32,000 
 
 36,486 
 
 42,831 
 
 21,416 
 
 48,485 
 
 276,650 
 
 Amount l'urn'ed. 
 
 $368,330 
 
 121,620 
 
 107,070 
 
 121,620 
 
 121,620 
 
 121,620 
 
 180.000 
 
 93,150 
 
 53,540 
 
 53,540 
 
 32,000 
 
 36,?60 
 
 42,830 
 
 21,410 
 
 40,000 
 
 285,290 
 
 $1,800,000 §1,800,000 
 
 Banks that refused to subscribe, Bank of Camden, Commercial Bank 
 of Columbia. 
 *This represents the balance unsold in hands of the Bank. 
 
139 
 
 EXHIBIT B— No. 2. 
 
 Proceeds of Sales of Seven Per Cent. Stoc7c, $1,800,000 loan, issued 
 under Act of December, 1861, and Disbursements of the same under 
 Appropriation Act of December, 1801, and under the regulation of the 
 Executive Council. 
 
 1862. 
 
 Jan. 24 
 Feb. 3 
 Mar. 14 
 Mar. 24 
 
 Jan. 10 
 
 May 19 
 
 May 
 Apr. 
 
 July 17 
 
 RECEIPTS. 
 
 Proceeds deposited by Bank 
 
 DISBURSEMENTS! 
 
 Paid draft of Governor, in favor 
 of C. M. Furman, President 
 Bank of State, under Act of 
 December, 1861 
 
 Paid order of W. H. Gist, Chief 
 of_ Treasury Department, 
 under resolution of Execu- 
 tive Council, deposited in 
 Bank of the State, " subject 
 to draft of Governor, counter- 
 signed by one of the Chiefs 
 of Department of Treasury 
 and Finance" 
 
 Paid same and deposited as 
 last 
 
 Transferred to Treasury Upper 
 Division, on draft of Chief 
 of Treasury and Finance. ... 
 
 Paid F. W. Pickens, Governor, 
 and W. W. Harllee, Chief 
 of Treasury and Finance 
 
 Balance undrawn 7th of Aug. 
 1862 
 
 $688,500 00 
 
 230,000 00 
 
 292,872 42 
 
 43,334 56 
 
 $1,254,706 98 
 
 500,000 00 
 
 100,000 00 
 100,000 00 
 
 150,000 00 
 
 150,000 00 
 
 1,000,000 00 
 $251,706 98 
 
 W. J. LAVAL, 
 
 Treasurer Lower Division. 
 
HO 
 
 EXHIBIT B— No. 3. 
 
 Statement thawing Sales of State Seven Per Cent. Stock, under Act of 
 December, 1861, by Hank of tlie State of South Carolina, and d%$- 
 position of the proceeds thereof. 
 
 1862. 
 Jan'ry 6 
 
 March 1 
 
 Jan'ry 24 
 Feb'ry 3 
 March 15 
 March 28 
 
 By Union Bank 
 
 Bank Newberry 
 
 Bank South Carolina 
 
 People's Bank 
 
 Planters' and Mechanics' Bank 
 
 Farmer? and Exchange Bank 
 
 Bank of Charleston 
 
 Railroad Bmk 
 
 State Bank 
 
 Bank of Chester 
 
 Bank of Hamburg 
 
 Bank of Georgetown 
 
 Merchants' Bank, Chcraw 
 
 Planters' Bank, Fairfield 
 
 Exchange Bank, Columbia 
 
 To the following Notes and Interest, held 
 by the Banks, for Loan of $300,000 
 under Act November, 1861 : 
 To Bank of Hamburg 
 
 Merchants' Bank, Cheraw 
 
 Farmers' and Exchange Bank 
 
 People's Bank 
 
 State Bank 
 
 Bank of Charleston 
 
 Planters' Bank, Fairfield 
 
 Southwestern Railroad Bank 
 
 Bank of Georgetown 
 
 Bank of Chester 
 
 Bunk of South Carolina 
 
 Exchange Bank, Columbia 
 
 Union Bank 
 
 Planters' and Mechanics' Bank 
 
 Bank of Newborry 
 
 Bank of Camden 
 
 Commercial Bank, Columbia 
 
 To Amounts transferred State Treasury. 
 
 Balance 
 
 $11,004 87 
 
 8,809 78 
 
 21,815 87 
 
 21,749 54 
 
 21,753 68 
 
 68,749 33 
 
 6,525 76 
 
 18,978 73 
 
 4,401 88 
 
 6,525 77 
 
 21,753 68 
 
 10,876 34 
 
 21,753 67 
 
 21,753 63 
 
 8,682 98 
 
 9,959 49 
 
 17,708 09 
 
 $302,803 09 
 
 $688,500 00 
 
 230,000 00 
 
 292,872 42 
 
 43,334 56 
 
 $1,557,510 07 
 
 $121,620 00 
 
 40,000 00 
 
 121.793 60 
 
 I 0,121 53 
 
 121.908 60 
 
 121,970 78 
 
 369,940 80 
 
 93,998 59 
 
 108, 95 00 
 
 36,664 35 
 
 53,540 00 
 
 21,670 56 
 
 43,348 47 
 
 32,337 55 
 
 54 170 98 
 
 $1,521,180 81 
 
 36,329 26 
 
 $1,557,510 07 
 
 To Balance due Bank of the State of South Carolina, to be refunded out 
 
 of the Stock subscribed for by the Bank, viz. $285,290 00 $36,329 26 
 
141 
 
 CONDENSED VIEW OF STATEMENTS 1, 2 AND 3, EXHIBIT B. 
 
 Amount of Stock authorized by Act 1861 $1,800,000 00 
 
 Less amount of Stock unsold 285,290 00 
 
 Amount principal of Stock sold 1,514,710 00 
 
 Add Interest accrued on above Stock when issued 6,470 81 
 
 Whole amount realized from sale of Stock 1,521,180 81 
 
 Less principal of Loan paid to Banks 8300,000 00 
 
 Also Interest on said Loan 2,803 09 302,803 09 
 
 Balance proceeds sale of Stock after payment of above 
 
 Loan , 1,218,377 72 
 
 Amount paid into the Treasury by Bank of State 1,254,706 98 
 
 Amount advanced by Bank on its subscription of 
 
 $285,290 00 36,329 26 
 
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152 
 
 EXHIBIT D. 
 
 Abstract of Account with State Stock Loan of SI, 800,000, issued 
 under A. A., 1861, for the Military Defence of the State. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 Cr. 
 
 To amount of Stock directed to be issued nndax 
 
 the above Act 
 
 Amount of Interest accrued upon Stock 
 when issued 
 
 By amount applicable under Appropriation Act 
 of 1861 i" the payment of the Loan mado 
 by the Banks of this State, under the res- 
 olution of the General Assembly, adopted 
 at the Extra Session, held in November, 
 
 1861 
 
 Interest on above Loan at time of payment... 
 
 By amount of proceeds of sales of stock, drawn 
 by the Governor and by the Executive 
 Council, as per statement of the Treasurer 
 of the Lower Division 1,000,000 00 
 
 Balance, Cash in hands of Treas'r..$254,706 98 
 
 Balance Stock unsold... 285,290 00 
 
 Less advance of Banks. 36,329 26 248,960 74 503,667 72 
 
 $300,000 00 
 2,803 09 
 
 $1,800,000 00 
 6,470 81 
 
 $1,806,470 81 
 
 $1,806,470 81 
 
 Columbia, S. C, 31st July, 1862. 
 
 Abstract of Cash Account of Department of Treasury and Finance, 
 to Slst July, 1862. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 Cr. 
 
 To amount received from State Treasury from 
 sales of Stock, made under Act of 1861, 
 as per account of Treasurer of Lower 
 Division 
 
 To amount received from other sources, as per 
 account current of this Department 
 
 By disbursements for Department of the Mili- 
 tary 
 
 By disbursements for Department of Construc- 
 tion and Manufacture 
 
 By disbursements for Department of Justice 
 and Police 
 
 By disbursements for Executive and Adjutant 
 General's Departments 
 
 Gross sum of disbursements 
 
 Balance cash in Bank of State $69,636 13 
 
 Balance cash in Branch, Columbia... 24,,196 37 
 
 $826,404 82 
 89,684 57 
 15,985 48 
 .6,160 70 
 
 $938,235 57 
 93,832 50 
 
 $1,032,068 07 
 
 $1,000,000 00 
 32,068 07 
 
 $1,032,068 07 
 
 Columbia, S. C, 31st July, 1862. 
 
153 
 
 Statement of Balances from above accounts, showing Stock and Cash 
 subject to draft of Executive Council. 
 
 1862. 
 July 31 
 
 " 31 
 ' " 31 
 
 " 31 
 
 By stock unsold this dnte, less adv. of Bank 
 
 By Cash in State Treasury 
 
 By Cash in Bank of State 
 
 By Cash in Branch, Columbia 
 
 Aggregate balance, 31st July, 1862. 
 
 $254,706 98 
 69,686 13 
 24,196 37 
 
 $248,960 74 
 348,539 48 
 
 $597,500 22 
 
 20 
 
154 
 
 EXHIBIT E. 
 
 Resolutions of the Governor and Council in relcMon to the claims of 
 this State against the Oonfederatt Stales. 
 
 1. Resolved, That the Chief of the Treasury be directed to make 
 out a full statement of the accounts of South Carolina against the Con- 
 federate Government, from the 20th of December, 1800, the day on 
 which the State withdrew from the old Federal Union, up to the 
 present time. 
 
 2. Resolved, That said statement shall shew in the account what 
 expenses were incurred by South Carolina from the 20th of December, 
 1860, up to the 8th of February, 1861, the latter day inclusive, in 
 sustaining her independent position, and in defending the harbor of 
 Charleston. 
 
 3. Resolved, That as Castle Piuckney, Fort Moultrie and Fort John- 
 son, with all their heavy armaments, ordnance stores, ammunition, and 
 so forth, were acquired by the authorities of South Carolina within that 
 period, and were, upon the adoption of the Coufedeiate Constitution, 
 transferred by the State Convention to the Confederate Government, 
 therefore, all the expenses incurred by the State herself in thus acquir- 
 ing them, are justly chargeable against the Confederate Government, 
 and that the Chief of the Treasury be instructed to make out this 
 account accordingly. 
 
 4. Resolved, That the Chief of the Treasury do also make out a full 
 statement of all expenses, from the 8th of February, 1861, up to the 
 present time. 
 
 5. Resolved, That the Act of the Provisional Congress, entitled 
 " An Act making appropriations for the support of three thousand men, 
 for twelve months, to be called into service at Charleston, South Caro- 
 lina," &c, &c, approved the 11th of March, 1861, and the declaratory 
 resolutions of the Provisional Congress " in regard to the military ex- 
 penditures made by the State of South Carolina," approved the 10th of 
 May, 1861, clearly shew that the sums therein mentioned were expressly 
 intended to cover the military expenditures of this State, made previous 
 to the regular organization of the Confederate Government, and that 
 they intended thereby to dispense with the regular forms generally 
 required, of vouchers necessary to pass accounts before the Auditors of 
 the Treasury, as most of the expenditures were made before there were 
 any Confederate officers to make or acknowledge requisitions. 
 
155 
 
 6. Resolved, That the Chief of the Treasury give credit, in this 
 account, for the $686,774 00 paid by the Confederate Government upon 
 vouchers regularly admitted, leaving $1,202,597 71 ; and also for die 
 $250,000 CO ordered by Congress to be paid over to this State, on account 
 of advances made by this State to the Confederate Government; 
 8250,000 00 to be credited on the open claims not yet adjusted, and not 
 for accounts, the vouchers of which were presented by General W. G. 
 DeSaUssure, on the part of this State, as Secretary of the Treasury, 
 and most of which were admitted, but not settled for want of time. 
 
 7. Resolved, That the account rendered to the Governor by Colonel 
 Duryca, as Secretary of the Coast Police, against the Confederate Gov- 
 ernment, for 458 tons of^Coal, at the estimated value $20 per ton, 
 together with the receipts for the same given by Brigadier General Rip- 
 ley, Confederate General Commanding; and also the receipt given by 
 General Ripley for the Howell Cobb, ani her armament, at the estimated 
 value for the same, $2,500 00, be all put in proper form by the Chief of 
 the Treasury against the Confederate Government. 
 
 8. Resolved, That the Chief of the Treasury pass over to the credit 
 of the Governor aud Council the amount deposited in the Bank of the 
 State by Colonel Duryea, Secretary of the Coast Police, 85,204 07, as 
 balance cash, after deducting expenses for sale of certain vessels, taken 
 by orders of the Governor before the 8th of February, 1861, from the 
 Government of the late United States. 
 
 9. Resolved, That the Chief of the Treasury be instructed, as soon 
 as an appropriate time may occur, to present the accounts against the 
 Confederate Government in proper form, and urge them to a speedy 
 settlement, and if it be preferred, he is hereby authorized to receive 
 Confederate Bonds, in full settlement for the same, as cash. 
 
 10. Resolved, That the Ordnance Officer of the State be directed to 
 furnish an authentic account of the arms and accoutrements that have 
 been advauced to the troops of South Carolina (of all kinds), that have 
 been mustered into Confederate service from the 8th of February, 1861, 
 aud an estimated value of the same, and that, upon the reception of 
 such account, with the official vouchers from the office of the State 
 Ordnance Officer, the tihief of the Treasury be directed to add the 
 same to his account against the Confederate Government. 
 
 r 
 
REPORT 
 
 OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE ON THE REPORT OF THE 
 CHIEF OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CONSTRUCTION AND 
 MANUFACTURE. 
 
 The sub-committee to whom was referred the report of the Chief of 
 the Department of Construction and Manufacture, with the accompa- 
 nying papers, respectfully report: 
 
 That they have examined that report, the report of the General 
 Superintendent of the State Works, and the accounts therein referred 
 to; from which it appears that very commendable progress has been 
 made in establishing a foundry and armory at Greenville Court House, 
 on behalf of the State. It is said in the report that by the 1st of 
 October nest the Works will be in condition to cast shot and shell, and 
 soon afterwards to cast cannon, but not to make small arms for six 
 months afterwards, unless the emergency of the service should require 
 them sooner, which could be done by multiplying labor at increased 
 expense. 
 
 It is not contemplated to establish a first class armory, but upon a 
 scale commensurate with State means, which may be increased if 
 necessity should require it hereafter. 
 
 The whole amount put down as charged to this Department, up to 
 the 15th of August, is §95,212 02. This amount includes many 
 items not properly belonging t& this Department, making in the aggre- 
 gate $11,666. The vouchers for the payments have been submitted to 
 the Committee, and on examination found correct. 
 All of which is respectfully submitted, 
 
 SIMEON FAIR, 
 SIMPSON BOBO, 
 
 September 10, 1862. P. E. DUNCAN. 
 
REPORT OF W. H. GIST, 
 CHIEF OF THE DEPARTMENT 
 
 or 
 
 CONSTRUCTION. AND MANUFACTURE, 
 
 TO 
 
 HIS EXCELLENCY, fiOTEKOB PICKENS. 
 
REPORT. 
 
 Department of Construction and Manufacture, 
 
 Columbia, S. C, August 29th, 1862. 
 To His Excellency Gov. Pickens : 
 
 Iu obedieuce to the call of your Excellency on this Department 
 for a report of its condition, "under the fifth section of the Ordinance 
 of the CoHvention organizing the Executive Council," I respectfully 
 report : 
 
 That on the 24th March last, the Governor and Council created the 
 Department of Construction and Manufacture, and appointed me Chief 
 of that Department; and that I entered upon its duties a few days 
 afterwards. The most important duty devolving on me was the estab- 
 lishment of a foundry and work shops for casting cannon, making guu 
 carriages and the manufacture of small arms. The Council having 
 decided to establish a foundry and armory on a small scale, authorized 
 me to search out a suitable location and procure a site. Before deter- 
 mining upon the site, and with a view to get all the information neces- 
 sary to secure a proper location, with reference to motive power, 
 suitable iron, timber, and other things necessary to success in making 
 ordnance and small arms, I sent a special agent to Richmond, and with 
 the assistance of the authorities procured the services of Mr. Campbell, 
 who was engaged at the Tredegar Works, a man of intelligence, expe- 
 rience, and familiar with manufacturing arms and munitions of war. 
 In company with him and Mr. D. Lopez, the General Superintendent 
 of the State Works, I visited the Nesbit and King's Mountain Iron 
 Works, and obtained reliable information in relation to the other iron 
 works in the State. The pig iron made by the King's Mountain Iron 
 Company, in York District, was critically examined by Mr. Campbell, 
 and, in his opinion, was well adapted to casting cannon; but he assured 
 us that nothing but the powder test could be relied on with certainty, 
 and advised that a lot of the iron should be sent to Richmond to be 
 cast into cannon, and subjected to that test. Accordingly ten tons were 
 sent, and we had the promise of Col. Gorgas that he would cast and 
 test the cannon. The defence of the capital being of paramount con- 
 21 
 
1G2 
 
 i 
 
 sideration, the test was not made for some time, and no official report 
 has yet been made to me on the subject; but one of our ageuts who 
 was in Richmond at the time, and others that witnessed the experi- 
 ment, inform me that a 24-poundcr was cast, bored and subjected to a 
 severe and unusual test, and that the trial was highly satisfactory and 
 established beyond doubt that the iron was entirely suitable for casting 
 ordnance. It was our intention to bring the gun to South Carolina for 
 the use of the State, but Col. Gorgas was unwilling to spare it, and 
 upon his proposing to pay for the iron, I consented that the Confederate 
 Government should keep it. Mr. Campbell informed me that there 
 were but few places in the Confederacy where iron suitable for cannon 
 was made, and that, therefore, it was of great importance to be sure of 
 a supply of such iron. Although a limited quantity of this iron is 
 now made, yet if necessary it can be largely increased, the ore being 
 abundant and the facilities for making it at our command. The impres- 
 sion that iron ore which makes tough malleable iron will necessarily 
 be suitable for casting cannon is an error, and has been demonstrated to 
 be so in many instances. To shew the importance of having proper 
 iron for casting cannon it is only necessary to state, that the Confeder- 
 ate Government was compelled to transport iron all the way from New 
 Orleans to Richmond to mix with other iron to make it answer the pur- 
 pose. 
 
 Greenville Court House was selected as the best place in my judg- 
 ment to establish the "State Works;" after consultation with our 
 General Superintendent, a gentleman of great ability and very conver- 
 sant with manufacturing in all its branches, and with Mr. Campbell, 
 who has had a large experience, is entirely disinterested, and whose 
 opinion therefore is entitled to great respect. The reasons in detail for 
 the selection of Greenville, over other places, have been already given 
 in my report to the Governor and Council, in relation to the location 
 of the " works," was approved by them, and is appended to this 
 report. Among other reasons, Mr. V. McRee made a present to the 
 State of twenty acres of land near the village and directly on the rail- 
 road, for which he had refused to take less than two hundred dollars an 
 acre, and for which gift he is justly entitled to the thanks of the 
 State. It was important that the " works" should be located' imme- 
 diately on a line of railroad to facilitate the transportation of heavy 
 ordnance. In fact, ten inch Columbiads and other heavy guns cannot 
 be transported in any other way without immense cost and labor. It 
 was desirable, other things being equal, to locate the " works " as near 
 
163 
 
 as possibte to the iron works from which the supply of iron was to be 
 furnished, but to do so, the transportation of heavy guns, gun carriages, 
 shot and shell down to Columbia would have to be made over two roads, 
 instead of a continuous road passing directly through, and so of the 
 coal and other things necessary for the works, going up to Greenville. 
 Besides, the bridge on the Spartanburg & Union llailroad is not regarded 
 as safe for very heavy freight, and might give way at a time when it would 
 be important to send heavy guns over it. It is true the value of the iron 
 will be enhanced by additional transportation, but for the reasons above 
 given, and others in my report above alluded to, this is more than 
 counterbalanced by the advantages enumerated. 
 
 Soon after the selection of the site we commenced putting up the 
 necessary bujldings for a foundry and work shops, and considering the 
 difficulty of procuring materials and skilled labor, have progressed 
 rapidly. In the meantime temporary work shops were established in 
 Columbia for repairing arms, which have enabled us to repair and put in 
 fine condition a considerable number of arms, changing old flint and 
 steel locks to percussion, altering bayonets to fit, making new stocks 
 when necessary, aud also making a large number of pikes, details of which 
 you will find in the report of the General Superintendent accompanying 
 this report. 
 
 At your suggestion, meeting my hearty approval, and confirmed by 
 the Council, we purchased a fine lot of machinery in Charleston, when 
 the city was seriously threatened, and removed it to Greenville, even 
 before we had commenced building there. If the city had beeu cap- 
 tured, there was no other place in the State where shell or shot could 
 be immediately cast, and if the machinery in the city had been lost, 
 it could not have been supplied without great difficulty and at an 
 enormous expense. Richmond and Nashville, Tennessee, were also 
 seriously threatened and in great danger of capture. New Orleans, 
 where an armory was in operation, was in danger, as its subsequent 
 capture demonstrated. At that time the condition of affairs was 
 gloomy, and the prospect was that the Confederate Government could 
 not supply the troops with arms and ammunition. Under these cir- 
 cumstances, and with the danger of invasion extending even into the 
 interior, it would have been culpable negligence not to prepare for it, 
 by endeavoring to supply ourselves with the means of defence. The 
 first arms manufactured were pikes, not because we considered them 
 equal to the rifle or musket, but because they were made more rapidly, 
 and were better than no arms at all, and may yet be needed. 
 
. 164 
 
 The machinery obtained from Charleston, though #bry valuable, was 
 not sufficient for our purposes, but through the Indefatigable exertions 
 of our General Superintendent, Mr. ]). Lopez, we succeeded iu pro- 
 curing the machinery removed from Nashville, Tennessee, when the 
 enemy got possession of the town. This machinery was estimated to 
 be worth, at the time we received it, twenty-three thousand dollars 
 ($23,000); at the preseut rate about fifty per cent. more. The terms 
 upon which we received the machinery were very favorable, 
 saving the State of South Carolina from advancing mone}' at 
 a time when there were so many drains upon her resources. It 
 was arranged with Governor Harris that the State of South Carolina 
 should take the machinery and give a receipt for it, subject to 
 settlement at a fair price at the end of the war. Had he insisted on 
 selling it to the State, and required a cash payment at the time, it 
 would have deprived the State of the use of money necessary for other 
 purposes, and, what is worse, the market price now for such machinery 
 is enormous. 
 
 On my retirement from office as Governor, the State had on hand 
 over one hundred pieces of ordnance and thirty-two thousand stand of 
 small arms, including those in the United States Arsenal in Charleston, 
 which we could have at any time commanded; and exclusive of tho 
 public arms in the hands of the militia, many of which had been 
 recently issued, and some of them of the most approved patterns; so 
 that the State was at that time well supplied with arms. Since then, 
 up to November, 1861, the State has sent to Virginia, in the hands of 
 her troops and otherwise, eleven thousand two hundred and sixty stand 
 of arms, besides a considerable number of swords and pistols. Seven 
 thousand staud have also been sent to Florida, Pensacola and Memphis, 
 making a total of eighteen thousand two hundred and sixty sent out of 
 the State; and the Confederate Government, upon an application of 
 your Excellency, has refused to return those in their possession, leaving 
 it to the State to make a charge for them, in her account with that 
 Government. 
 
 Tnat the State should always have a moderate supply of arms on 
 hand, cannot admit of doubt. My opinions on that subject are 
 better expressed than I can express them in the report made by Col. 
 E. Manigault to the Ordnance Board on the 21st of November, 1861. 
 He says: "If the State is sovereign, as we all hold she is, she is 
 sovereign as well in war as in peace, and for warlike as well as 
 peaceful purposes. To claim sovereignty without the readiness, or 
 
165 
 
 even the disposition to defend that sovereignty by force of arms, 
 is simply absurd. It is the duty of the State, therefore, to retain 
 the meaDS of defence, and not to give up to any other power 
 whatever all her military material, and in so doimr shift %>m her 
 own shoulders the duty and labor of her defence. It took thirty years 
 for South Carolina to accumulate the ordnance material, small though 
 it was, which was in her arsenal when the troubles began. If she 
 give up all her material, when will she be again supplied ? One of the 
 most powerful arguments used against the State's acting, either alone 
 or in cooperation, against the encroachmeuts of the Federal Govern- 
 ment, was that she had not the material preparation which would enable 
 her to support that hostile attitude. As long as the political atmos- 
 phere appeared serenef it was impossible to induce the Legislature to 
 make appropriations for procuring military material, and when the 
 storm appeared there was no time for it, and the State was warned by 
 those opposed to action, that she was totally unprepared for war. 
 Against a recurrence of this difficulty I would endeavor to guard by 
 recommending that the State should always have on hand one hundred 
 pieces of heavy artillery, of the most approved patterns and manufac- 
 ture, about eight full batteries of the best field artillery, and ten thou- 
 sand stand of small arms for infantry, together with a proportionate 
 number of carbines, pistols and sabres for the use of cavalry. The oc- 
 currences of this summer and autumn demonstrate clearly that the 
 State should not rely entirely upon the arms of the Confederate 
 Government for her protection against a foreign enemy." 
 
 The whole amount put down in the books of the Chief of the Treasury 
 as chargeable to this Department up to the 15th August, (with the 
 exception of $476 65, with which the Department had nothing to do, 
 being money paid D. Lopez, Esq., directly by the Governor and Coun- 
 cil before trre Department of Construction and Manufacture was estab- 
 lished,) is $95,212 02. This includes many items not properly belonging 
 to this Department; as for instance, amount paid for cotton cards to be 
 sold at cost to soldiers' families, 83,780; cost of removing bells from 
 the city of Charleston, when the city was in danger of capture, SI, 704; 
 cash paid for iron to make spikes fur the Confederate gunboat and to 
 be refunded the State, S982 ; cash paid for bacon not necessaYy to be used 
 at the "works" and subject to the orders of the Chief of the Military, 
 say $5,000; making an aggregate of $11,666. 
 
 In view of the probability of the fall of Chattanooga, Tenn., we 
 have accumulated a considerable quantity of coal, very little of which 
 
106 
 
 has been used up to this time. We have also on hand a considerable 
 quantity of steel, iiles, iron, copper, brass and other materials fur the 
 manufacture of arms and munitions of war; which will make the out- 
 lay for tii- rest of the year much less than it has been in the time past; 
 and we have already saved for the State in the repairs of arms, making 
 pikes, caissons, battery wagons, twenty-two thousand eight hundred and 
 ninety-three dollars ($22,893), all of which will appear in Exhibit 13. 
 
 The expense of carrying on the " State Works" has been necessarily 
 very considerable, owing to the high prices for skilled labor, material 
 and provisions. Iron, steel and many other articles are sold at more 
 than quadruple the prices formerly paid for them, and we have been 
 compelled to purchase files and other essential articles that run the 
 blockade, at whatever prices were asked for them. When it is recol- 
 lected that rifles which sold for fifteen dollars before the blockade 
 have been lately sold for seventy dollars, and cannon powder which 
 heretofore sold for twenty or twenty-five cents a pound, has receutly 
 sold for two dollars and twenty-five cents, some idea may be had of 
 the cost of materials which have run the blockade or have been en- 
 hanced in value by it. 
 
 By the first of October the " works " will be in condition to cast 
 shot and shell, and soon after that time to cast cannon. No small arms 
 will be made in less than six or seven months unless the exigencies of 
 the service should require them ; in that event by multiplying labor 
 without regard to its profitable employment, the manufacture of small 
 arms can be commenced much sooner. It must be remembered that 
 the same hands to a considerable extent necessary to carry ou a foun- 
 dry and work-shops, can at the same time make the machinery and. 
 tools necessary to manufacture small arms ; and in that way the work 
 can be done much cheaper than by employing hands exclusively to 
 make machinery and fit up tools for small arms. 
 
 It is not contemplated to establish a first class armory like the one at 
 Springfield or Richmond, but upon a scale commensurate with State 
 means, and which may be increased if necessity should require it. If 
 the war should continue for some time, and more especially if the 
 blockade of Southern ports should become so effective as to prevent 
 further importation of arms, it will be absolutely necessary for every 
 armory that can be put in operation to be engaged in the manufacture 
 of small arms; and even if the war should end in a short time, we will 
 to a considerable extent be compelled to keep up our military organiza- 
 tion and keep arms in the hands of our people to be at all times pre- 
 pared to repel the aggression of bad neighbors. 
 
167 
 
 With, an armory to keep the State at all times supplied with good 
 arms, and with the materials for making gunpowder at our command, 
 we may feel confidence in our means of defence. ' The saltpetre plan- 
 tation near this city, established by the Governor and Council, and in 
 charge of the Chief of the Military Department, promises to supply 
 that indispensable article in quantities sufficient for our purpose, and 
 can be increased at pleasure. Sulphur can be obtained from several 
 places in the State at small cost, and willow, the only other material 
 necessary for the manufacture of powder, can be obtained all over the 
 State. 
 
 The manufacture of salt, though properly belonging to my Depart- 
 ment, was put under the charge of the Chief of Justice and Police, 
 before my Department was established, and has never come under my 
 supervision. 
 
 We had under our control and in our possession a large quantity of 
 lead received from various parts of the State, some by gift and some 
 by purchase, but the pressing wants of the Confederate Government 
 have induced us to turn ofer to it a large portion of the lead. A great 
 deal yet remains in several of the upper Districts in the shape of pipes, 
 which the patriotic owners hold subject to the call of the State when- 
 ever it is necessary to have it. It has not been removed, as it would 
 be very inconvenient for the parties to do without it, being used to 
 conduct water to their dwellings, and it was, therefore, thought advisa- 
 ble to let it remain until the emergency required its removal and use 
 by the State. 
 
 Upon the application of Captain D. N. Ingraham, of the Confederate 
 States Navy, I had made and supplied him with spikes for the iron 
 clad gunboat in his charge, and I have received, through the Superin- 
 tendent, payment for them. 
 
 The instructions of the Governor and Council, directing me to pur- 
 chase a lot of cotton cards at a price net exceeding four dollars and fifty 
 cents a pair, and sell them to the families of soldiers at cost, distributing 
 them in the districts where they were most needed, according to the 
 ratio of the white population, has been attended to, and partial returns 
 of sales have been made to me. To cover the expense of freight and 
 other charges, the price was fixed at four dollars and seventy-five cents 
 a pair. Some of the cards were slightly damaged in reaching their 
 destination, and a few of the persons to whom they were sent report 
 each one pair missing, but as twenty-five cents is more than the actual 
 cost of freight per pair, and no charge has as yet been made for selling, 
 
168 
 
 it is believed that the State will sustain no loss. The wisdom of the 
 measure is fully justified by the call for more on all hands, and the 
 assurances that what was disposed of has done much good, and by the 
 fact that factory yarn has doubled in price in the last six months, and 
 is almost beyond the reach of the poor to purchase. 
 
 For a more detailed account of the operations of this Department, I 
 refer your Excellency to the Exhibits marked A. and B., aud the Report 
 of the General Superintendent accompanying this report. 
 All of which is respectfully submitted, 
 
 WM. H. GIST, 
 Chief of Construction and Manufacture. 
 
 Note. — I have been unable to obtain my report to the Governor and 
 Council in relation to the establishment of the State Works at Green- 
 ville. It was ordered to be filed, but the then Secretary, Col. F. J. 
 Moses, cannot find it. WM. II. GIST. 
 
169 
 
 EXHIBIT A. 
 
 W. II. Gist in account with Treasury Department for Cash receiml 
 on account of Department of Construction and Manufacture, and 
 other pioposcs, to loth of August, 18G2. 
 
 To cash to date as per account $95,208 02 
 
 By amount received and accounted for by 
 General Superintendent of the State 
 Works in his account reudered and 
 shown in paper No. 3, attached to his 
 
 report $82,539 92 
 
 Paid Freight on Machiuery and Stock 1,241 31 
 
 " for Steel 693 01 
 
 " S. Bobo for Iron 982 50 
 
 " one double barrelled gun 30 00 
 
 " for Coal 3,184 88 
 
 " for Pike Staves 854 50 
 
 689,526 12 
 Disbursement for Suridries not connected with 
 Department of Construction and Manufac- 
 ture. 
 
 For Cotton Cards §3,786 65 
 
 " taking down and removing 
 Church Bells from Charleston 
 
 to Columbia 1,704 75 
 
 " Desk for Office 18 00 
 
 « Lead 172 50—85,681 90 
 
 $95,208 02 
 
 22 
 
170 
 
 EXHIBIT B. 
 
 Statement of value of "Work done and comprised in Paper No. 1 of 
 the Report of General Superintendent of State }Vor\s. 
 
 Altering to percussion, rcpairiug and cleaning 1,620 muskets, 
 
 at |8 per musket 812,960 
 
 Repairing and cleaning 239 rifles, carbines and double-barrel 
 
 guns, and 874 bayonets 817 
 
 Building six caissons and limbers complete 3,600 
 
 Building one battery wagon 750 
 
 1,000 pikes 3,000 
 
 Spikes for guuboat, for Capt. Ingrabam 1,766 
 
 $22,893 
 
REPORT 
 
 OF THE GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE STATE 
 
 WORKS. 
 
 Office General Superintendent State Works, 
 Greenville, August 15, 1862. 
 lion. W. H. Gist, Chief of Construction and Manufacture : 
 
 Sir: In accordance with jour directions, I herewith beg leave to 
 report that under instructions from Col. J. Chcsnut, Jr., Chief of the 
 Department of the Military, received February 25th, 1862, I purchased 
 all the machinery aud stock which was available and suitable for the 
 purposes iudicated in said instructions. 
 
 At that time, the impression prevailing that (Charleston would be 
 immediately attacked, it was deemed advisable to place it all beyond 
 danger, so as to secure to the State the ability to manufacture such 
 articles as might be essential to her defence, should what was in Charles- 
 ton be destroyed or abandoned. 
 
 With that view, it was immediately removed to Columbia, there to 
 await the decision of the Governor aud Council as to a suitable location. 
 After some delay in discussions and examinations, I was directed to 
 locate the works on a tract of land donated to the State by Vardry 
 McBee, Esq., adjoining Greenville, and directly on the line of the 
 Greenville and Columbia Railroad. I commenced to clear the land on 
 the 20th day of March, and erect buildings to accommodate the 
 laborers. Prior to that period, by your direction, I established in 
 Columbia, iu the workshops connected with the " New State House," 
 a temporary shop for repairs aud alteration of small arms belonging to 
 the State. This work was immediately commenced, aud from that time 
 has been in successful operation, repairing, altering and cleaning arms, 
 manufacturing pikes, caissons aud battery wagons, statement of which 
 is embodied in paper No. 1 accompanying this report. At the same 
 time, the machinists aud blacksmiths were employed, until their 
 removal here, iu doing such work as was necessary to the construction 
 
172 
 
 of workshops in progress at this place. The unusual wot season, added 
 to the scarcity of labor in the country, very much retarded the progress 
 of building for want of materials, but now that the crops are laid by, 
 aud the labor of the country seeking em] loyment, I am receiving such 
 as are necessary to their completion, and hope soon to have them all 
 finished, and give my undivided attention to manufactures. 
 
 When Nashville, Tennessee, was evacuated by the Confederate 
 authorities in April last, a part of the machinery and stock was saved 
 from the armory, which that State had commenced to establish, and 
 carried to Atlanta, Georgia. I opened a correspondence with Governor 
 Harris, and found that the State of Tennessee would place at the dis- 
 posal of this State all the machinery and stock saved. By direction of 
 the Governor and Council, I proceeded to Atlanta and succeeded in 
 obtaining it all. Governor Harris directed his agents to turn it all 
 over to the State of South Carolina, subject to future settlement. As 
 agent of the State I received it, and secured the services of such work- 
 men as had been engaged in the Nashville armory and workshops, 
 removed the machinery and stock to this place, the workmen to the 
 shops in Columbia to be employed in altering and repairing small arms, 
 while, at the same time, 1 commenced erecting a shop at these works 
 to receive and put in operation the machinery. Paper No. 2 is an 
 inventory of all articles received from the State of Tennessee, and I 
 refer you to my report under date of May 1st, 18G2, for the full par- 
 ticulars relating to that subject. 
 
 The workshop for this department is completed, the machinery set 
 up and in operation ; much of it was injured and some parts lost, in its 
 removal from Nashville, aud some had never been completed, which 
 have been repaired, replaced and completed, and I am now making 
 and obtaining what new machines are necessary to commence manu- 
 facturing arms. 
 
 Desirous of putting to immediate use the skilled labor brought from 
 Atlanta with the machinery, I have necessarily been retarded in com- 
 pleting those shops which were necessary in carrying out the original 
 intention of these works; that being now accomplished, it is not in- 
 tended to permit the small arm factory to do so in the future, but to 
 make that branch as far as practicable separate and distinct, the inten- 
 tion being to put it upon such a basis as will enable the State to 
 manufacture arms to a limited extent at first, but so arranged that the 
 facilities can be increased at any future time. 
 
 I have of the land donated to the State enclosed a space of six hun- 
 
173 
 
 drcd by seven hundred feet, and have now erected a carpenters' shop 
 one hundred feet by forty feet, with suitable machinery for constructing 
 field and siege gun carriages, caissons, battery wagons, forges, sabots, 
 tents, and all other articles necessary for field uses. It is driven by a 
 twenty-five horse power engine, and is in operation at present in pushing 
 to completion our works, and will soon be used in manufacturing the 
 articles referred to. I have erected, as before stated, a shop for the 
 small arm machinery, one hundred by fifty feet, and have that in 
 operation, driven by an engine of fifteen to twenty horse power. 
 Another machine shop is completed, one hundred by fifty feet, and the 
 machinery for the heavy work is now being placed in it, to be driven 
 by an engine of thirty horse power now to place. I expect to have 
 this shop in full operation in three or four weeks. The blacksmith 
 shop, one hundred feet by fifty feet, is up and occupied, it contains 
 eighteen forges, with space for twenty more; it is supplied with three 
 trip hammers, nearly completed, two for welding gun barrels, and one 
 large one for heavy smithwork generally. This shop adjoins the 
 foundry, which is of brick, one hundred and fifteen by fifty-five feet, 
 twenty-eight feet high; this building is all completed, but the roof has 
 been delayed for lumber, which I am now receiving. 
 
 On the premises are also erected an office forty by twenty feet, a 
 store house sixty by twenty-five feet, a smoke house, forty by eighteen 
 feet, an iron receiving and store house, thirty-five by sixteen feet, a 
 living house for negroes, sixty by sixteen feet, a hospital, three kitchens, 
 and stables, tool house, &c. 
 
 The water arrangements, which are near completion, consist of an 
 ample well, yielding a full supply, the water from which is forced 
 through wooden pipes, six hundred feet in length, to the highest point 
 of the lot, obtaining a head of forty feet; it is received in a^brick 
 reservoir containing three thousaud five hundred gallons, built under- 
 ground, and from thence conveyed to the various workshops. On the 
 premises, at various poiuts, hydrants are placed to deliver water for 
 general purposes, but more especially for suppressing fires, which, with 
 the aid of an excellent fire engine borrowed from the Vigilant Fire 
 Engine Company of Charleston, will be a valuable accpuisition to these 
 works. 
 
 There are engaged at these works on this day one hundred and forty- 
 three hands, of which fifty are white workmen. 
 
 For amount of cash received and disbursed to date, I refer you to 
 paper No. 3. 
 
174 
 
 A large number of miscellaneous arms, all of them irreparable, have 
 been turned over to these works from the State Arsenal. Preparations 
 are making to put them in good condition for the use of the different 
 branches of the service, which they may prove suitable to. 
 
 Very respectfully, DAVID LOPEZ, 
 
 General Superintendent State Works. 
 
175 
 
 No. 1. — Statement of work done at shops in the New State House 
 Yard, Columbia, S. C. 
 
 Muskets, repaired and altered to percussion 1620 
 
 Rifles, repaired and altered to percussion 213 
 
 Carbines, repaired and altered to percussion 2 
 
 Double-barrel guns, repaired 24 
 
 Bayonets S74 
 
 Caissons, with limbers, spare wheels and poles complete 6 
 
 Battery wagon, with limber 1 
 
 Pikes and staves 1000 
 
 Gunboat spikes made for Capt. D. N. In graham 4£ tons 
 
 State Works, Greenville, S. C, August 15th, 1862. 
 
 / 
 
 / 
 
176 
 
 No. 2. — Inventory of Machinery, Ton/* and Slack of Tennessee 
 Ai man/, Atlanta, March, 1862. 
 
 1 Hand Lathe. 
 
 1 G foot Engine Lathe, complete. 
 
 1 1(H " " " " 
 
 1 14 u " u unfinished and under construction. 
 
 1 12 " " " complete. 
 
 1 10 foot set of Ways. 
 
 1 Breeching Machine. 
 
 1 Milling Machine, incomplete. 
 
 1 Compound Planer, complete. 
 
 1 Drill press, complete. 
 
 1 Planer without tabic 
 
 1 8 Spindle Drill Press, complete. 
 
 Parts of Profiling Machine. 
 
 1 Punch and Shear, complete. 
 
 1 Bolt Header and Dies, incomplete. 
 
 1 Gear Cutter, complete. 
 
 7 Arbors or Boring Bars. 
 
 10 Sets Overhead rig, complete. 
 
 0584 lbs. Shafting and Pulleys. 
 
 1 (Old man) Drill Stand. 
 
 3 Hangers for Counters (casting), 103 lbs. to 309 lbs. 
 
 17 " " Main Shafting, 1,571 lbs. 
 
 5 " (without boxes) 51 lbs. to 255 lbs. 
 
 1 Overhead rig for Gear Cutter, complete. 
 
 5 Legs for Drill Lathes, 36 lbs. to 180 lbs. 
 
 Parts of old Milling Machine, 995 lbs. 
 
 1 Grind Stone Frame, complete, 374 lbs. 
 3 Polishing Heads, complete. 
 
 2 Rifling Rolls and Stands. 
 
 1 Fixture for holding barrels to mill cone scats. 
 Parts of Lathes (some work done), cast iron, 101 lbs. 
 17 Bench Vices, wrought iron, 965 lbs. 
 5 " " cast iron, 261 lbs. 
 
 Wire, all sizes, some cast steel, 181 lbs. 
 Cast Steel, 6,600 lbs. 
 Blister Steel, 450 lbs. 
 Block Tin, 80 lbs. 
 
177 
 
 Inventory of Machinery, Tbols and Stock. — Continued. 
 
 Brass and Copper, 170 lbs. 
 
 1 Gig for Lock Frames Drilling. 
 
 5 Hack Saws. 
 12 Gig Saws. 
 
 2 Hack Saw Frames. 
 18 Doz. Gun Wipers. 
 
 1 Stand for Drilling Ramrods. 
 
 6 Sets Stocks and Dies. 
 
 134 Taps, all sizes, from H to 1 1-16 
 
 1 Case Drafting Tools. 
 
 1 Alphabet. 
 
 1 Set Figures. 
 
 1 2 feet Standard Scales. 
 
 1 Gig and Mill for Stirrups. " 
 
 1 Gig and Mill for Main Spring Pivots. 
 
 1 Ratchet Drill. 
 
 % 
 
 3Ch 
 
 50 Bench Hammers. 
 
 40 Monkey Wrenches. 
 
 7 Draw Knives. 
 
 19 Iron Braces. 
 
 34 Hand Vices (16 with handles). 
 
 106 Screw Drivers. 
 
 30 Pairs Pliers. 
 
 462 Sheets Sand Paper. 
 
 280 " Emory " 
 
 43 Bits. 
 
 1 Patent Brad Awl. 
 
 2 " " " and Handles. 
 14* Chisel Handles. 
 
 3 Smooth Planes. 
 1 Jack Plane. 
 103 Cones (small). 
 
 300 << (Government). 
 1 Gig for Filing Tumblers. 
 1 Stamp, " Tennessee Armory." 
 1 Hand Saw.. 
 1 Copying Press. 
 23 
 
ITS 
 Inventory of Machinery, Tools and Slock. — Continued. 
 
 1 Gun Gauge, brass. 
 110 Drills. 
 
 18 Ream* 
 25 Hose Bits. 
 
 11 Cherries. 
 
 14 Drill Sockets. 
 
 2 Tumbler Punches. 
 2 " Mills. 
 
 10 Counter Boxes. 
 5 Boring Arbors.. 
 
 12 Cast Steel Centres for New Lathes. 
 G Rests for Lathes. 
 
 2 Drill Sockets. 
 
 1 6 in. Fairman Chuck. 
 
 1 Set Mills for Milling Tumblers, 5 in. set. 
 
 1 " " " " Lock Frame, 14 in. set (top and bottom). 
 
 1 " " " " Main Springs, 5 in. set (sides). 
 
 1 " " " " not finished, 11 in. set (top and bottom). 
 
 7 Plain Mills. 
 
 1 Mill for Key Seats. 
 
 15 Unfinished Mills. 
 
 8 Arbors for Milling Machine. 
 
 12 Sets Jaws for Milling Machine (two sets cast steel). 
 5 Handles and Stands for Milling Machines. 
 4 Sets Jaws " " " 
 
 2 " Jumpers and Dies for forging Tumblers. 
 17 Hand Tools and Handles. 
 
 62 Turning Tools (Engine Lathe). 
 
 1 Index Head. 
 
 11 Tap and Breeching Wrenches. 
 
 2 Knees for Planers. 
 G Emory Wheels. 
 40* lbs. Sheet Brass. 
 
 2 Stands and Tools for percussioning old guus. 
 2 Papers Brads. 
 '.) ( i-rosa Screws, |. 
 35 lbs. Small Nuts. 
 
 12 Bench Brushes. 
 
# 179 
 
 Inventory of Machinery, Tools and Stock. — .Continued. 
 
 15 Cone Wrenches. 
 
 75 Back Action Locks. 
 
 60 Common Locks (Rifle). 
 
 4 Old Musket Locks. 
 
 20 Sets Triggers for .Rifles. 
 
 65 Machine Oilers. 
 
 35 Tin Lamps. 
 
 74 Paint Brushes. 
 
 4 Striping Brushes. 
 
 7 Parallel stripes for Planers. 
 
 56 Tumbler pins (turned). 
 
 12 Lathe Wrenches. 
 
 1 Grindstone Shaft (turned). 
 
 1 Lot Bolts and Nuts. 
 
 1 Chuck for holding Lock frame to take cut on sides. 
 
 2 Soldering Irons. 
 
 1 Clamp and Cutter for Cherries. 
 
 49 Main Springs for repairing Old Guns. 
 
 140 Lock Frames, milled. 
 
 33 Strips for Stirrups (cast steel). 
 
 20 Bench Oil Pots. 
 
 70 lbs. Babbitt and Type Metal. 
 
 35 lbs. Lead (old pipe). 
 
 400 Ferrules for File Handles. 
 
 628 Musket Flints. 
 
 1 jumper Stand for forging Locks. 
 
 2 Sets Jumper Stands for forgiug Locks. 
 
 1 " " " " " Triggers. 
 
 2 « " " " " small work. 
 1 Roll File Card. 
 
 1 Tin Box for small articles. 
 
 3 Pieces Lace Leather. 
 
 2 Gig Saws. 
 
 2 Pieces Sheet Steel. 
 
 6 Pairs Strap Hinges. 
 
 9 Drawer Locks. 
 
 150 Carriage Bolts, 2 to 6 in. 
 
 1 Counter shaft (turned, 30 lbs). 
 
180 9 
 
 Inventory of Machinery^ Tools and Stock. — Continual. 
 
 6 Oil Sfol 
 
 13 Anvils, 105 to 150 lbs. 
 
 6 Blacksmith's Sledj 
 25 pr. •• Ton 
 
 8 " Set Hammers. 
 
 9 " •• Swedges. 
 19 " Chisels. 
 1 Level. 
 
 7 Screw Plates. 
 
 8 Steel Punches. 
 4 prs. Fullers. 
 
 3 Hand Hammers. 
 
 21] 2 ft. New Leather Belting, assorted sizes, 1 to VI in. 
 507* " Old " " " " 2 to 13* in. 
 
 63 " Gum Belting, 3 J and 6 in. 
 
 9 doz. Gun Wipers. 
 
 7 gross Knitting Pins, lis to 14s. 
 
 10 papers Finishing Nails, 1 to 2J in. 
 4£ lbs. Beeswax. 
 
 78 87-144 gross assorted Gimlet Screws. 
 
 348 9-12 doz. assorted Files. 
 
 43 patterns for parts of Machines and Tools. 
 
 8 doz. Chisel Handles and 1 lot Core Boxes for patterns. 
 500 lbs. Emory. 
 
181 
 
 No. 3. — Statement of Cash received and expended. 
 
 Received from Treasury Department ,to date 882,539 92 
 
 " " J. M. Eason, Superintendent, for iron fur- 
 nished him for Gunboat 518 11 
 
 " " Capt. D. H. Ingraham, for spikes for Gun- 
 boat 1,766 06 
 
 Paid for Machinery and Tools §18,946 01 
 
 " Building Materials 5,617 44 
 
 " Stock 29,350 92 
 
 " Provisions 6,00140 
 
 " Salaries and Pay Rolls 19,634 06 
 
 " Incidental expenses 1,704 94 
 
 Balance on Hand 3,509 32 
 
 $84,824 09 
 
 State Works, Greenville, S. C, August 15th, 1862. 
 
 684,824 09 
 
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 9^J 
 
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