DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY i Treasure %oom «4 A ft / MILITARY DISCIPLINE: OR, THE YONG ARTILLERY MAN. Wherein is difepurfed and fliownethc Po- fturcs both of sSMusfyt and Tif^ : the exadteft way, &c. Together with the Motions which are to be ufed, in the exercifing of a Foot-compa- ny. With divers and J ever all formes and figures of Battell; with their reduccmenrs; very necefTary for all fuch as are ftu- diousinthcArt Military. By William B a r r i f f. PsAL. I44. I. Blejfedbe the Lordmyflrength which tcacheth my hands to warre, and my fingers to fight. 4> LONDON, Printed by Thomas Harper, for Ralph Mab, 1635. w.R.. TO THE RIGHT HO NOVRABLE. . And that (wereoccafion fairly offered) your Honour hath Spirit and bravery z+ nough, in a <*5\dilitary emulation, to arriv® up to the heighth of their (jlo* ry : your conftant and Noble T>e* portment (as well in your private^ carriage • as of late dayes in your publikg Triumph ^when you were in* Hailed into thatmoft ZJSfoble Order of the (jarter) doe moft evidently pre J age of you. T his as it hath attra- &L,. i ded Dedicatory. died all eyes and expe8ations:So hath it incouraged my low ambition (a- mong the reft) to efteeme your Ho^ ncur a fit Patrone for a Boofy of this JsQtture, your innate and inbred ver* tues 3 together with that Qourte(ie~>, 3^obleneJfe y and Ajfabilttie^ (the in* feperable Companions of anciently de* fcended Honour) fpeak you fo eafie,of rfca^thatmy Yong Artillery- Man defpaireth not of acceptance <3c admifsion , to kifle the hands of your great Lord/hip. ThzjirH- fruits, it is, of my weak endeyours : and a Collect tion, meerly of my private ob/ervati* ons. Such as it is,my humble requeft unto your good Lord/hip is, that out of the accuftomedy^/om and good* neffe of your nature • you would be pleafed to deigne acceptance of it. 5*> 4. And 27990 The EpiftU And I withall befeech your Honour, to give pardon unto that prefumption, which hath proceeded from devotion. I confeffe it an ambition in mee , to foare fo loftily in my Dedication. But as Alexander (fometimes^) refu^ fed not a mean T?refentoi fruit, from the hands of a fimple (jard'werSo my hope is , your Honour will hold mee excufed for offering fo northlejfe and meane a *5\4 ite to to great and ^000- r *£/* a Ter/bnage. But confidering that the fubieH of my Difcourje is in- tended for the bettering oftheSouldu ers \noitoledge of the trained ' Bands ^ and that your Lordjhip is one of his MajeHies Lieutenants : it may prove a good inducement to your Honours liking (who are known to be fb great & lover of your Country*) toyouebjafe the the protection and patronage of thefe my firft endeveurs , whereby I (hall for ever ftand obliged in all hwriditie, and 'remayne, Year Honours .-W0i0 ^«w£/e? W cfmted ferpAM, ILL l AM BARR IFF, TO THE RIGHT VVorfhipfiill, Sir %alph ) when Reafon taking place* Opinion muft retreit with Foule difgrace. Yet if you truly (hall an Errour fpie Tell me my faulty Tie not in Err$r die. Then worthy Followers in qreat Mars his traine. That to perufe my worthlejfe wor^e will deigne, Judge but the bed, and you, perhaps, {ball fee The next 1 write (hall zfarre better bee In the, mean time, this is the 6eft I have Frrttad approve. AadmoicI will not *«*. W. B. To Captainc Walter 3^eale> now Captaine of the ^Artillery (garden: and to all the reft of the Worthy Captaines, Lie/tenants, Enfignes, Serjeants^ and other Gentlemen of that noble Society ; W. B. wifheth all increafe o t knowledge and continuance of Love and Vnitj. Right -worthy Souldiers of th* Artillery , Me thinkes I fee feme of you looke awry, Telling me Vve done §ur Garden wrong And that in Souldier-Jhip I am toojong : T hat the worfi SouUier of three hundred men Should dare in Difcip/tne to life his Ten , And he thatth'other day fcarce knew a Ranks To write a Book* fhoulci now be growne fo cranke: But (pare your ssfnger for this Booke you fee Can neither bring reprochxoyon nor mee: If tor meane matter 1 fhall be detected From zyong Souldier much is not expelled: Jf any fay Ihavedone/»vyn><7/ They needs muft thinke fhouldj^* write 'twould exceU y Like LadsiX JVafiers I but lead the way That better Gameflers may come in to plaj. Therefore be pleas'd if any fault be found *NoJbame*x. all can unto^** redound. If ought bej^With' Garden y twas mefbowne If ought be ill the Errour is mine ownc. Then as I from amongftjo* learnt my skill, So grant me l«ve your favour and good will. Yours ever William Barrif. To the%eadcr. Ourteous Redder, although I have fet forth this fmall Treatife, princi- pally ayming at the benefit of my Country, yet I know that lomc will not be wanting, to difpar age both the workman and the workejhc mat- ter and the manner. F©r fuch is the mifcry of the times f and the malice of men-, that the frothy Defra- iY/",fliall found (info me men,) an opinion or his worth, by detracting and undervaluing other wmer eterniz'd is for writing what Achilles and his Myrmidons did at The Siege of Troy. I envie not his fame, But needs muft future Ages greatly blame, If they forget to Memorife thee too, That fhow'ft not what was done, but how to doo. Rowland Qwy*. To his much cftcemed Friend, and fellow Souldier,the dutbor. \Ritticke, obferve thy dijtance, cenfure not, Nor fpend thy judgement like an ideot That nothing knows -jf knowing, know thou then, Thou mufi be rank' t amongjl the Envious men. If once thou dofi attempt to contradict The matter that this Booke conteins in it: The Methods ylaine-jiot dec kt with complements , Thofe frivolous^ idle, necdlejfe Supplements . A 2 The The fubftance ponderous is ; no fond conceit Affronts thee ^friend. With flame theyJhaH retreiti . Andfo retrit, as not to charge againe In Fronts in Reere^r Flanks, Thoufbalt difdaine All Formaltjtsy thatfaine would Souldiers feeme- y Who much exfrefiive are, in judgement greene. . Andrew Wbeatley. ExHeJpitioGray. In Amicum Willielmum Barriff. \Oung,-andfo old in Martiall Difcipline? i Dijlrufi will fay, This work is none of thine. BntJ, that know it, will averre the fame To be thine owm, and not another s fame* A noble Souldier f corns to befo bafe £y others Worth to purchafe his owne Grace. Audfuch is Barriff. What his Cooke doth J peak e i jtjshisowne: Let Envie (well and break?. Amicus H.P. The *&* J&t tt£i? ■£&( r &* ii^lg .^ VKif THe Art Military (how c're fuppos'dj Is hard like other Arts, yet here difclo'd, In fiich a manner that who e're he be That hath in it but learn'd his ABC. Without difficulty, with little paine, Such knowledge in this nobleft Art may gainc: That he may fay, and do as much as fome, That for this Art, have travel'd Chriftendome. All by the learned hclpc of B a r r i f f s skill, Learned, I fay; fay others what they will. But if they fpeake 'gainft this he hath put forth, They will betray in them there's no fuch wortfi: For this in him there is no fault at all. Except in this,to teach this Ait to all. Pcrfift then noble Friend, to th' wo rid defcry What worth lyes hid in our Artillery. And we that long to learne this Art fhall fay, Thanks be to Bar r i f f, he hath ihowne the way. Rich, Clement. A 3 On On his much efteemed friend, , ) the Author. S London, Englands fane famd Emperie, In her brave Garden of Artillery, With Reafon glory may: becaufe tbtrin 'Is exercis'dexacJer Difcipline, By motions and apt firings -\ than is done In any other Place ^Chriftendome. So maythat Garden as deservedly, (Accomplijht Barriff) joy and boafi in thee: Who JUL' ft thyfelfe The young Artillery-Man, of thy abounding modefty . Jet can Thy knorvne experience thereby vailed be No more than Sun-beames by a Tyflanie : Why young < Is't caufechou'ltftilla Learner &r 1 u Evenfo muft all that ayme at Excellencie. New Accidents, and expert mens direction, Brings th'arte of Warre ftill neerer to perfection. 'Tisfaid, great Alexander wept, for that He no more worlds could finde to fub jugate. And yet ij r Hee before Oftend hadbeene^ He might have eafier wept, than gotten in. Thy pradfcicke^rf ^/Drilling:/ approve, As meriting thy Countries thankes^Wlove. The The rather j that loft havefeene thee doe A Captaines Office, and a Souldiers too. fVithfuch exacl: dexterity, as none Cotdd fay thou cam'Ji fhort in perfection. To forraine Difcipliners (mere orfarre,) Though daily train d up in the Schoole tf/'Warre. Yet as in thy aiTum'd Title :fo, Th'art modeft in thy f aire expreflions too. For thou adorn Jl not thy book's Frontifpiece, With glorious Titles, * Prime >y ourPan - Shut J Caft off your loofe Corns. Blow off your loofe Corns., and bring about your Musket to the left fide. Treileyour Reft,& ballance your Musket in your left hand. C Powder. Charge with «v CBulIet. Draw forth .* Syour Scowring ftick. Shorten J Put your fcowring ftick into your Musket, Ram home your Charge. Withdraw ^ Shorten > your fcowring ftick. Return i> Brine forward your Musket and Reft. Poyle your Musket and recover your Reft. Ioyn your Reft to the outfide of your Musket. * Draw forth your Match. Blow your Coale. Cockp > your Match. Fit !> Guard your Pan. Blow the Am from your Coale. Open Ihevonne Artillery Man. Open your Pan. Piefcnt upon your Reft. Give h'rebreft high. Difmount your Muster, joynmg your Reft to the outlide of your Musket. Uncock and return your Match* Cleer> S your Pan. Shut 5 Poife p >your Musket. Shoulder ) Take your Match between the ringers of the right hand. Take your Reft into your right hand , cleeiing youi ftring from your wrift . Return your Reft into the left hand 3 the ftring loofe. Return your Match into your left hand. Unfhoulder your Musket and Poyfe. Reft your Musket. Set the But-end of your Musket on the ground. CMusket and Reft. Lay down your Z C Match. Take off p >your Bandelicrs. Lay down j March from your Armcs. There is likewife the Sentinell Pofture, which is , The Muskettier having his Musket charred with Bullet , his Match cockt , his Paa guarded > ftands wiili his Musket refted to per- B 5 forme Military Difiiplinc, or forme fuch duty as fhall be commanded or given him in charge. Some have likewife taught to make ready on, or from the Sentinell Pofture: But note that as none comes to ftand Sentinell but comes ready charged : So if any occafion happen that he muit give fire in the time of his {landing Sentinel, it cauleth a generall Alarme. So that he will have no fit time to make ready upon his Reft : Where- fore, I conceive it fuperfluous; but will ever con- forme to better judgement. We have alfo the Funerall Pofture, which from the Reft is to be performed at 3 . Motions , which cannot fo well be expreft in writing, as it will ex- prefle it felfe in Action. Wherefore feeing that it is rather an Ornament toObfequies,than truly ne- ceftary for Armies I will not fpend more time a- bout it, but come to the Poftures of the Pike. Yet before I paffe upon them,give me leave to anfwer fome , which out of a Cnticall humour will al- waycs be carping at others , condemning thefe Poftures, faying, There are more by halfe , then are either good or ufefull 5 and that there are no morePoftures to be ufed,butMake ready,Prefent, Give fire. The which wee will not deny that in Service there are any other ufcfull: notwithstand- ing I would have them to know, that Make ready is no Pofture, but a word of Command,including all Poftures, from the firft Arming of the Soul- dier to the prefent : or if the Muskettier be char- ged , Shouldered or both , then the word (Make ready) commands theprofecutionof the reft of your Poftures which are between the Pofture you The young Artillery Man. you then immediatly are at, when the word is gi- ven, and the other Pofture , Prefent : for which reafon when wee teach Muskettiers at firft it is mod neceflary to inftruct them punctually, from Pofture to Pofture: Which being once attained, he manageth his Armes more furcly,more comc- ly,with more celerity, and with better execution: and at the firft may aseafily be taught the belt way. But if he have got an habit of doing ill there wil be as much or more pains fpent in reclayming his errours, as at firft to teach him the beft, fareft, and rcadicft way. Chap. II. Of the Poftures of the Pike. jHat which followcth nextofcourfe is the Pofture of the Pike: Where- fore that we may obferve order in our proceeding; wee will likewife conceive their Pikes to lie in like mannerT)efore them on the ground: And then, as before, the firft Command will be , To ftand to their Armes. Handle Order •your Pikes. B 4 To "g , Military Vifcijtlwe, or Copen y ToyourC ?Order.. Cclofe j Charge with the But-end of your Pike at the ift- fide of your right Foot, your Pike in the left hand, drawing your Sword over the left Anne. rRight, Charge to the < Left, XRcere. Order your Pikes, and put up your Swords* Note that thefe Charges at trie Foot are to re- ceive a defperate Enemy on Horfe,upon a ftand in fome flrait , or other place of advantage , the Muskettiersto give fire over the Pikemens heads, or elfe-where, at the difcretion of the Comman- der. Port Comport Cheelce ^ your Pikes.. Treilt- Order Charge to the f Front Recrcisrobc _, ^t, . , andcrftoodal. ChargelRlght wayeitotbe totnejLeft £ Order as you were; Jcfc about,be. fDp^n' » caufeitisa. .^ «m times a nearer ShoulderyOUrPifceS^ way then char- A - _ gingtotbe Advance ^ ligfe abort Port CmiwPiW* Comportry° urPite9 Cheeic j Trilc TheyOiWg Artillery Man. Treile your Fikes ^ f Front A Charge ,o the« K | Advancc * $ y° u werc - £Reere J Shoulder \ Port / Comport^your Pikes, Checke \ Treile ) Shoulder your Pikes "\ C Front / ~, . 1 Right /Shoulder as you were. Charge to the A ^ \ £Reere J From Comport, Cheeke, or Treile , the Pike- man may at the dncretion of the Commander charge either to the Front, Reere,or both Flanks, as fhSl be necefTary or thought expedient. Wher- fore we /hall ijot need to do it but once over, for the Charges will be all alike, whether you Com- port from Order , from Advance, or Shoulder. And fo likewife for Cheek and Treile,&c. C Front "3 From Comport j Right f^^^. • wAM _i_i.._ Chargetothe SLeft > Comport as you were. £Reere j Cheek your Pikes. r Front "2 From the Cheek jRight f ^, , Cbargctothe >cl > Cheek as you were. £Recre J Trrilc I© Military Difciplitie, or Treilc your Pikes. C Front 2 From the Treilc 1 Right C-r m~ Charge to the Treileas you were. £Reere j Order p > your Pikes. Lay down J> I fhall undergo the cenfure of fome , for that they will finde more Poftures of the Pike here then formerly they knew of, and fo by their con- clufion more then there is any need of -, for novv- a-dayes there are fuch that will limit difcipline,to the verge of their owne knowledge ; and whatso- ever elie they fhall fee either acled or written by others that is without the lifts of their kenning, they will peremptorily conclude for fuperfluous and improper, howfoever I fhall alwayes referre my felfe to the judgment of the more judicious. The charges of the Pike are twofold either for defenfe or offence. Charges underhand or over- hand: but divers and different they are from their feverall wayes and Poftures from which they are or may be done,although they are not all alwayes ufefulL yet at fometimes they may be ufefull^and therefore very requifite to be known to all fuch as either are, or at left would be accounted for good Soulciiers. As I have ki down the Poftures themfelvcs both of Musket and Pike , fo it were not much a- mifTe^f thnt the Motions of Pofture were likewife here expreft. But becaufe they will take up too much Tbeyottfig ArtiUtrj Man. 1 1 much time,& fill too much paper,and the Subject it felfc not pleafing unto many;I will f pare my la- bour, and my booke the lines, rather iuffering the cenfurt of curtail'd brevity ,thcn tedious prolixity. ************ Chap. III. Of the Drum. igggg^VrSouldiers being fufficiently inftru- " v--*5»j C H A P. V. Rctfons for yrecedetKy of dignity in Rankes and Files. Shall now endevour togivefome ^gjp reafons for thefe feverall places of %M?' E^§ a?1 S ninc * n Rankeand Fi'e. And JvgV^ firft for that Geometricall propor- i5&& tion gives both life and being to orderly 15 Military Difcipl'me f ox. orderly difcipline, confider that all parts of the body oi/ght to be anfwerable. Wherefore feeing that the jovniflg of Filers and Rarikes produccth greater Bodies; it is neceffary that a true proporti- on fhould be kept from the beginning : and that in drawing forth of Files they obferve to make the Reere halfe files anfwerable in skill and worth to the Front halfe file. And that the file-leaders,and halfe-rankesofthe left flanke, mould be equiva- lent in worth, skill, and valour to the right flanke, that the Reere diviiion hold like proportion with the Front diviiion, and that all parts of the body be ballanced with true proportion, fo neere as the knowledge of the Souldi- ers,andthe number of the men will give you leave; and that there may be correfpondency in their worth, place, and dignity, you may obferve by ad- ding the figures of number together, which arc in the M argent, where you flial findc that the dignity being added together of the Front halfe file, makes the number of 1 8. And the worth of the Reere divifion being in like man- ner added, makes the like number. So likewife flial you findethe dignity and worth of the File leaders of the left flanke, to paralell the worth of thoic on the right flanke by the fame rule. If you will have it yet more cleere, obferve that the file leader is the chiefe in his File, the bringer up the fecond, the halfe File leader the third, the laft: The young Artillery Man. l - lait man of the front halfc file the fourth. Now nctc thatas the worth of the firfl: precedes the fe- cond,fo the worth of the third exceeds the fourth. Now addc the firfl worth to the fourth worth,and that makes five. And the fecond worth to the third, and it makes the fame number^ fo that there is equalitie throughout the Battel! both in Front, Reere, and Flankes: for it were unreafonable, that all the chiefc men ihould be on the right Flanke, and all the word on the left. For the left rauft be oppofed to the enemies right. The File leader ought to be worthieft, becaufe he hath the com- mand of his File, and marcheth the firfl: againft his enemy. The b ringer up ought to be the fecond, becaufe his place of march is in the Reere, and is in molt danger, fhould the enemy charge on that part. The halfc file leader is the third in honour, becaufe that when the halfe file is taken oft upon any occafion, he is the leader (unleffe they be commanded to. f ice about) the laft man of the front halfe file is the fourth man in dignitie, for when the Reere divifion is taken off, then he is the Bringer up. The next man to the file-leader hath the fift place of honour, for that one doubling brings him into the front. The next man before the Bringer-up hath the fixt place of honour, for that if the body be faced about, one doubling brings him into the Front accidentall, or keeping the proper front by once doublingfof rankes, he becomes Bringer-up to his File-leader. The fe- venth place of honour is his that marcheth next after the halfe-filc leader, for that when the halfe C files 1 8 Military Difcifline, or files double the Front,or marcheth forth,then one doubling, ranks him even with the Front. The eight and lafl place of honour, is his that is the third from the Front, the File being but 8. deepe, which may alfo be made a File-leader, though with more trouble than the reft : for by counter- marching Front and Reere into the middeft, and then facing to the former front, & after doubling of ranks, makes him likcwife a file-leader. Now as every mans dignitie is more or lcfle in his File, fo is all his ranke with him. Wherefore this that hath already beene laid, may fuffice to demon- ftrate unto thofe which as yet are ignorant of the feverall places of dignity, both in Ranke and File. I might have enforced many other reafons con- cerning the dignity of number and place : but I have infilled longer upon this fubjeft, then at firft I intended, which -makes me the more willing, though fomewhat abruptly to breake from it, and come to mew the manner of joyning or .draw- ing up of Files into forme of battell. And there- fore this may ferve for all, the Serjeant that hath order to place them, is to lead them up according to their worth and honour. As firft the right hand files then the left hand file; and fo the other files fuccemvely within them according to their feve- rall worths and places. As by the following figure you may more pkinely perceive. Dignity The j Bang Artillery M>w . I $ Dignity of place. 0267 348510 1 m m m m m m in m 1 «j 2mm in m m m m ra 5 C C -g^ 3 m m in m m m m m 8 ? 5 c <+* 4 m m m m in m m m 4 -§ a ^- £ £ 5 in m m m m m m m 3 ^Z, <-E -g (5 m m m m 111 m m m 7 "2- £f H-; =3 7 m m mm m 111 m 1116 Q £" ^ 8 in m m in m m m m 2 087^543210 Number of place. Reere. a If there he any that (liall fay thefe are nicities, and of no repute amongft Souldicrs, I dare fay they have been well reputed of by good Souldi^ crs, no ' difparagement unto the fault-finders ( if there happen to be any fuch.) As for the noble, worthy, and well-knowing Sduldiers,I amalmoft confident that out of their true-fpeaking judge- ments, they will eyther conclude that it is fo ufed, or at the leaft that it ought fo to bejbut if this can worke no effect with the • « '■ 1 leave every man freely to his owne judgement, defuing the judicious, alwaies to hold a favourable opini- on of my well-meaning. C2 Ch ap» 20 Military Difciplwe, or ♦ v * * v v Chap. VI. Of the fever all dtflmccs , 3 Ow that our Souldiers have attained fome fmall knowledge in the ufc of their Armes (me thjnkes like fome of our little-knowing fouldiers of the trained Bands) they already begin to be ambitious of File-lea- ders places ; therefore that their owne weakenef- fes may light them to read e their cwne .follies, we will fee how they will behave themfelves m exer- cife amongft the Companie.. Wherein the firft thing we are to inftruft them in, is their diftances. But becaufe it is held,by fome a matter difputable, whether diftance be one of, the motions or no: We will firft declare ,what is diftance. To which I anfwer, that indeed Diftance it felfe is no. motion, but there is motionin producing fucfr diftance; for Diftanceis the fpace of ground between man and man^ either in File or Ranke,. having relation pne- ly to the ; place between each partie, All the reft of the motions having not onely relation to the one, but the other. Wherefore not to fpend more time in a matter fo apparant, we will fay that the difci- plineofa foot-companie confifts chiefly in di- stance an4 motion. And therefore feeing that diftance 7 he young Artillery Man, i r difhince is the ground of motion, and that no mo- tion can be performed without diftance, wee w ill leave to difcourfeit, and fall to the matter it fclfe, and Blew how many forts of Diftance is ordinari- ly ufed in our moderne difcipline, which are theft foure here under named^/^, Clofe O rder, 1 which is f One foot and a halfe. Order, f both in ^ Three foot. Open Order, £ Rank & SSixe foot. Double diftace, 3 File £ Twelve foot. It hath been the opinion of fome ancient Com- manders, that the diftance of Ranke, was ahvaies double the diftance of File, although they went both under one and the fame denomination. As that order in File was three foot, order in Ranke fixe foot, open order in file fixe foot, open order in ranke twelve foot,and Co of other diftances.But the beft received opinions hold them to be alike both in ranke and file. There is to be confidered in diftance thefc three efpecially, that is, ' our ordcr - Files clofe to the rieht ? , r , Rankes clofe forward 5 t0 y ou r clofe ordcr - Files open to the left ? . Rankes open backward J ro y our order < Files open to the left 7 Rankesopenbackward \ t0 Y™ open order. Files open to the left 1 t . , ... Ranks open backwards S t0 y our double dlftance - Files clofe to the left 1 , Ranks clofe backward ^o your open order, Files clofe to the left ? » Ranks clofe backward V° y our 0rden SfdSkwL^toyourclofeorder, Ss&ii^^eS-yourorder. Files Tkyotwg Artillery Ifo*. Files ? open J right and left £ to your open or- RanksS to the £ front and rccreS der. Files ; open 5 right and left 7 to your double Ranks S" to the £ front and recre £ diftanee. Files ^ clofe c right and left inward 5 to your o- Ranks^totheiniiddcil: ^ pen order. Note that when Files open to the right,the left- hand hie mull: ftand raft, every file taking his di- ftanee from the file next his left hand ; And when they open to the lett , then the right hand file ftands, every file taking hbdiitanee from the file next his right hand/ Obferue alio that when Ranks open forwards, theu the lad ranke ftands every Ranke taking his diftanee from the Ranke next behinde him : And when they open back- wards, then the firft Ranke is to ftand,every Rank to take his diftanee from the Ranke next before him. You are likewife to take nonce in the action, that you are either to face to the right , or to the right about. *Note alio that in clofing of Files, ifitbetothc Right, then contrary to the opening, the right hand file ftands; the reft clofing to the Right , ta- * king their diftanee from their next right hand file. If you clofe to the left , then the left hand file ftands;thercftof the files clofing to the left, ta- king their diftanee in like manner. When Files clofe to the right and left,then they clofe inward, taking their diftanee from the files within them, neerer to the middeft of the bodie. Alfo note,that when Files are commanded to open to the right and left (or by divifion)it muft be outward. If C 4 Ranks 2 4 Military Diftipline, or Ranks clofe to Front and Reere, then the fTrft and laft Ranke ftand , the others taking their diftances from them. If they clofe Ranks towards the cen- ter or midft, then they clofe towards their two middlemoft Ranks. It is not required that every Captaine or other Officer that fball exercife a Company,fh:ill ufe all thefe feveral openings,and clofings which are here expreft, but rather that he fliall make ufe of fo ma- ny of them,as he fhall thinke fit for his prefent oc- cafion or exercife. Although they all may be ufe- full at fome time or other. I may fpare examples, for it muft needs be apparant to the meaneft capa- cities. Chap. Chap. VII. m in m ui m m m m m m m ai £ P P P P P P P P P P D P P i P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P ' P P 5 P P i P P P P P P P P P P D P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P 3 P P 2 mmm m mm mm m mmm D i mmm m mmmm mm mm m m mm 3 S m m m*m L Kecrc F*ont. C m m m m S 4* mmmm mmmm Of marching the Company in Bivifions At lengthy the order and viae es of the Officers, and acaiticdravpinv them mmmm tntofor J of B J (/ , - * m m m m 0\v that our Souklicrs arefomewhat expert " in th.irdiftances, we will nc\c draw them forth into a long March. Wherefore note, _ that our files muft be .it order, and our Ranks at open order: The Musketticrs of the right flankcjarc- to make the Van,and to march next after the Captains : The Pikes are to make the battell, and to march after the En- fignc, either in one or two divifions, nccordingto theit number. '! he Musketticrs of the left flankc t fo~iiHtimes called die fecond divifion of Muskets ) make the Retre Guard, which is led commonly by the kcond Ser/e.nr. Howbei: if there be but one divifion of Pikes , then the eluclt (or chiefefl) Serjeant leads the fecond divifion of Musket ievs. If the Company be butfmall,then it is beft to make but two Divifions, one of the Muskettiers, ano- ther of the Pikes ; For the placing of the reft of the Offi- cers, you may perceive by the figure in the rnargent: Wherefore note that M. fhnds for Muskets, p. for Pikes, D. for Drummes, S. for Serjeants, E. for Enligne, L. for Lieutenant, and C. for Captaine. Note,.if you have but three Drummes, then let the Drumme in the fecond divifion of Pikes be wanting : If onely two, then upon a March,thefirftbetweene the third and fourth ranke of the front divifion of Musket- tiers. 7 he fecond betweenethe third and fourth ranke of the fecond divifion of Pikes, Note that betweene each Divifion in March , there ought to be 1 2. foot diftance; 6. foot betweenethe Offi- cer, and 6\foot behinde him. ClfAF. 25 Military D ij apline, or Chap. VIII. C. m m m m S 4 Of drawing the divifions up into afymre* m m m m mm mm p Hen you would bring your body againe into D. ' Battalia , commai d your front divifion to m m m m make Alt or Stand; then give order to your tn m m m Enfigne either by a Serjeant, or by (ome mm mm figne to leade up the firft divifion E. m m m m of pikes on the left of the firft divifion of Muf- pppp mm mm kectiers., with his colours flying, and the Pikes pppp A. to continue fhouldered, fo long as the Drumme pppp beats a March. But if it beat a Troope, then the D. 1 ikes are to advance, and clofe their Ranks for- pppp ward to their o:der,and fo the Enfigne to troop pppp them up with his colours fierfcL 1 he eldeft Ser- pppp jeant is to lcade up the fecond divifion S.i. pppp o T ikes j The fecond Serjeant in like pppp pppp manner is tp leade up the fecond or pppp B. reere Divifion of Muskettiers ; each di- pppp vrfion ftill marching up to the left of D. tha t divifion next before it. The man- pppp neryou may plainly fee in the figure; pppp * where the front divifion is marked pppp in the Reere with the letter A. The pppp fir ft Divifion of Pikes S.2. pppp with the letter B. .The fe- mm mm C. cond Divifion of pikes mm mm with C, The fecond mm mm Divifion of Muskettiers D. hath in the Reere the let- m m m m ter D. T he other figure m m m m on the other Jeafe iri form m m m m of a (quart fhewes their mmmm '1 nding, aftei the Divifi- s 3 m m m m oas are led up. All the file- L. D. ksAea ftandiiig even in front togctVet making one Ranke. B. The. young Artillery M#f. ± 7 E C 2673 2 67348 51 4851 S2immmmD. ppppppp pD. mm mm 1 S 1 2 m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m 5 3 m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m 8 4 m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m 4 jrammm p p p p p p p p m m m m 3 6 m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m 7 7 m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m 6 S 3 8 m m m m D. p p p p p p p p D. m m m m 2 S 4 L The difcipline of the Art Militarie may rightly be divided into thefe five general 1 heads,(viz.)X>/- fiance , Facings , Doublings , Countermarches , and Wheelings, which have beene not unaptly compa- red to the five vowelsrFor as without one or more of the vowels, no word can be fpelled, fo without one or more of thefe,neithcr forrnc 3 nor action can be performed. Chap. 28 Military Difeiplwe> or **n§$ M hat is Facing , and the ufe of the word; whether to be ufed or refttfed. Efore we come to mew the varietie i Jfa of 'Facings in the action , I thinke it will not be amilfe to fpeakea word or two in the way of definition: awd therefore what is Facing''. To whic h I anfwer , That Facing is a particular turning of the Afpecl: from one part to another, whereby the Front proper becomes a Front accidentall : And a Front accidentall, may be reduced to his proper Front. There are fome likewife that by no meanes will allow of the word Face : Concluding it alto- gether unnecefTarie ; And no other word muft be given, but, To the Right, To the left, &c. Yet I wonder that men will ftumble at fo fmall a ftraw, which cannot chufe but be better ufed than refil- led. For the word Face is but one fyllable, and quickly pronounced, and gives fo cleare an expref- fionofthe intent of the Commander that it con • eludes it neceffary. As for example , Should you command a Company to double Rankes to the Right, and then command them as they were, and then fay,To the Left,it might puzzle a good Soul- dier at the firft, to difcerne whether he mould face or The young Artillery Man. 2p or double : The like miftake might bee amon^ Countermarches.'Wherefore I conceive that none can juftly taxe it for fuperrluous, feeing the eafie/t exprefTion hath alwayes beene accounted for the bed. Yet fpare me, for my intent is not to over- fway any man in his opinion, but rather to deliver mine; leaving all men freely to their owne likings. If my intent were to make a great booke with a little matter , I might then here infert figures for every particular Facing, and their Inducements to their firft Pofture , which would take up divers meets of paper,andto little purpofe. For I fuppofe that every man that knows any thing , may eafily conceive the idea, of any ordinary Facing in his minde. Wherefore I will but fhew one or two of the hardeft. You are to note that in the Motion of Facings every man turnes on the Center, or Ball of the left foot, moving onely the right, the other being the keeper both of ranke and file. f Right Face to the. >As you were. Li tbecseittft of the motion offacing»,yoa a re to be at open or dt r in Ranke and File Left Right and left Rightabout ^ Lett about | Right and left inward ^Foure Angles The front halfe files (tending, it will be requi- £!£$&' nte for the halfe files to thereere, to do as much «° ntrar y' by themfelues: whereby ,they will the more aptly perceive, how that the fubtfivifiongoeth under the . When you face to any hand in the Rcduceraenr, 2 Military Difiiplitu, or the denomination of the halfe fiies,&c. f Right. Lett. Halfe files Right and left. Sho . ^As you were. facetothe E ,V5 > ZS 6 S£ o. a- eu o. . , . . -o *o *o -3 3 33 3 8. SEGeefto.Q,o-....^'o^' 1 33 333 § ui uitutndddddd dduiuiuiui uiuiiuindd dddddduiuuiui '3J33^ 3^ JO 3UO.T J 31JX The words of Command, commonly ufed ^^J^^ icn to. produce this figure, are thefe as followeth. icuhem^tn™' The two firft ranks ftand . « heir Arme »- Thctwolaftranksfaceabout. IMCr The reft of the body face to the right ana left, performed their mo. (then) march all. ISaS^"** To 3 i Military 'Difcipl/M, or To reduce them to their firft order. Face all about to the right, march and clofe your divifions. Face all to your Leader (who then (lands at his front proper.) Facing fquare another way,& marchingupon it. The Front proper. C E pppppppp pppppppp pppppppp pppppppp S j EESa .353 3 £ "I E5EE . 3333 ?i * 5 5 5 3 '3333 "5 asss ...3333 a, ^ SEES • • S333 « §• ■ E 6 E-E .3333 § *j SSES ,3333 S 5 SS5S ■ 333B *- S d - d d d d d d d dddd'd'ddd dddddddd dddddddd 1 *.%'33i^ 3tp JO JUOJJ 3U j; The The young Artillery Man, ; , The words of command cuftomarily ufed to produce this figure are thefe ns followeth, Muskcttiers race to the right and left. Halfe files of Pikes face about to the right (then) march all. To reduce them to their former o rder, Face all about to the right, march and clofe yourdivifions. Face all to your Leader. Facings are Co ullfull and neceflary, that you may as well difpenfc with any one of the grounds of Difcipline, as with them; for they are ufefull almoft upon all occafions, and not oncly fooncr executed than any other of the motions, but may beneedfull when Wheelings and Countermar- ches cannot be ufed, as in a ftrait. There are no more then foure facings mtire, befides Angular; as for Divifionall, there be divers, and indeed ve- ry neceflary many of them be,as occaiion may of- fer it fclfe for their fcverallufes; howfoever per- emptorily to fay, there be fo many and no more, I conceive,hath beene concluded by none; but it /till refts at the difcretion of the Commander, to exercife more or fewer of them, as he beftliketh, and the ncceflity requircth either for action or ex- ercife. Intire facings are fo called when the afpe& of Iatirc - fche whole Company are directed one way . Divifionall facings are fo called, when the. at DhrifionalL peel: of the Souldiers is at one & the fame time di- rected divers and fevcrall waies : as to the front andreerc, the right and left, or to all foure at pnce,&c. D Angular 34 Military Diftiplinc, or Anguhr. Angular facings arc fo called, when the afpeft of the Company is directed to the right corner man, which is the right Angle, or to the left cor- ner man, which is the left Angle; or to thefoure corner men,which are the foure Angles. . Angular facings were of great ufc among the an- cients, for their figures called the Diamond, the wedge, the Sheeres, the Saw, and fuch like, when they made ufc of fuch formes of battell. But for the ufe of them in our moderne Difcipline, I conceive there is little or none, onely thus, wee honour the memory of the Ancients in their ufe. And fome lay they are very fit for exercifc; for that by their ufe the fouldier is made more apt and perfect in the other. Therefore let this fuffice to be fpoken concerning facings,and now be plea- fed to turne your afpect, and take a view how our young fouldiers will behave themlelves, in the performance of the doublings. Chap. XI. Of Doublings, their ufc and parts. Oublings are of moft excellent and lingular good ufe for the ftrengthe- ning of any part of the battell, ac- cording to the occafion or difcreti- on of the Comin.ander,and coniifts of thefe two generals,I)oub]ings of length, and Doublings ofdeptr^all times in quan- tity, Theyowg Artillery Man. \, tity of number, fometimes both in number and place, both forts having this reitnction,to be dau blings of rankes or flanks; every particular dou- blings pointing at one of thefe, although there be fundry and divers waies for the doing of them, each of them being to very good purpofe, for fome cenfideration or other. Doublings of Ranks, from what rorme foever it be don^ doth make' the number double fo much as was before, and fometimes doth extend the length ofthe battel! to double the proportion of ground, as well as num- ber. Doublings of files for flankes; doe alfo double rhe number in depth, and fometimes becomes a doubling both or number and place. Wherefore for the better undemanding ofthe doublings, ob- ftrve with me thefe fixe ufuall waies following The fever all parts or branches of Doublings , "i Ranks. 2 Halfe-files. 5 Files. \6 Halfe-rankes. The flrfl is the doubling of rankes, and is when every even ranke doubleth into the odde; the fe- condis when the halfe-files double their ranks forwards into the Front: the third, when the Bnngers-up double their ranks forwards into the Front.The fourth when the Front-haifefiles dou- D* bleth 2 6 Military Diftipline, or blcththe Reere. Thefe firft foure being doublings of ranks, the length of the battell being by them extended either (imply in number, or both in number and place. The next two are doublings of flanks: the firft whereof is the ordinary doublings of files, every one of the even files being inferted into the oddc files, accounting from the hand na- med. The next is the doubling of halfe-rankcs, which is to be. underftood when one flanke dou- bleth the other, cither by parting through, coun- termarch, doubling intire, or-divifionall. You are to note in this motion of doubling, that as there is one part of the body ftands, fo the o- ther part moves : the Handing part is to be dou- Thsdmance bled, the part moving, arc thofe that double, as for part icul»r you may perceive by the figures, which fhewthe J^!^^ 11 manner of each doubling. That which next foi- opca ordain lowes are the words of command, and direction Rmke and f or doublings with their leverall inducements f 61- >Jo t ' e t h»thc lowing next after them. crdina»y dou- bimgaof The words *f command for Doublings . Rinkesand . - ■ _ ^ h S Rankstoth 4i r si d ^ bk - KlehTpt, Rankes as you were. ilnhS % Files to the <|^ t > double. which is next Files as you were. umo the Brineers up double your tanks forward to the Sasr* «ght. rdiweoMw, Bringers up face about to the left, march forth SSSZ ""your places, h»ad. Bring- The young Artillery Man. 3 7 Bringcrs up double your ranks forward to the left. Bringcrs up face about to the right, march forth into your places. Files to iUc right C outward, } M and left double i inward, j Flks as Y ou TO!* Nore.hnia Halfe riles double your rankes forward to the Af 6 *?" , ngnt. arufic^i y« u Halfe files face about to the left, march fo th in- do,,M< ,3nkf ' to youi places. doubling of Halfe tiles double your ranks forward to the fi:c3 ">the j c p r cemrar^rccfu- Halfe files face about to the right, march forth iy«fcnW«gW into your places. -j & kt *° «»>y r and double the reere to the ohaiifcttothl Front halfe files face j right, contrary w.n about to the left Smarch forth into your pla- reducc lhon ' X ces. Cand double the reere to the Front halfe files face]) left, about to the right Smarch forth into your biai C ces « Front halfe-files double the reere to the right by counter-march. Front halfe-files face about to the left, march forth into your places . Front halfe-files double the reere to the left by counter-march. Front halfe-files face about to the right, march forth into your places. Halfe-rankes to the right by counter-march, double yqm-kftflaake. D 3 Halfe- 7g Military DifctpHne, or Halfe-rankes that doubled face to the right, march forth into your places. Halfe-rankes to the left by counter-march, dou- ble your right flanke. Halfe ranks that doubled face to the left,march forth into your places. Halfe-ranks of the right,double your left flank. Halfe-ranks that doubled, face to the right, march forth into your places. Halfe-ranks of the left, double your right flank. Halfe-ranks that doubled face to the left, march forth into your right places! Now that up. Halfe-files double your front to the right intire. on ail motions Halfe-files face about to the left, march foith ofdoubimgs, int0 your places. that they that *iuv yv f , . arctodouble Hal fe-files double your front to the lertintire. bcfoic they Halfe-files face about to the right, march forth mote from .". • . *"■ their pUccs, into your places. are to advance Halfe-files double y our front inward intire . wherfthe"' Halfe-files face about to the right, march forth barcpeitoi- into your places. med their Halfe-files double your frfcnt by diuifion. t°c U t b ocon X Halfe-files face about to the right and left,march fWroetothc forth intoyourplaces. fholewhom frontiialfe-files double your reere iw divifion. Ihey double, Front halfe-files face about to the fight and left o hC dcr C Ad bC ^ward, march forth into your places . vancel'or " Front halfe-files double your reere to the right sbouMci. iftdrea Front halfe-files face about to the left, march ibrth into your places. Front halfe-files double yoaf reer to the left fn- ? (I tire. Theyotwg Artillery Man. 3 9 Front halfe-files face about to the right, march forth into your places. Halfe -ranks of the right, double your left flank intire to the right. Halfe-rankes that doubled, race about to the left, march forth into your places. Halfe-ranks of the left, double your right flankc inure to the left; Halfe-ranks that doubled, fdee about to the right, march into your places. Halre-ranks of the right, double your left flanke by divifion. Halfe-rankes that doubled, face about the right and left inward,march forth into your places. Oouble your ranks to the right intire. Note th* «n Ranks that doubled face to the left, march forth '«*•*■• intO your places. be ^formed Double your ranks to t he left intire. « order both Ranks that doubled face to the right, march ££ aj,ke and forth into your places. Double your ranks by divifion. Ranks that doubled, face to the right and left inward, march forth into your placesr Double your files to the right intire, advancing. Files that doubled, face about to the kk^ march forth into your places. Double your files to the left intire, advancing. Files that doubled,face about to the right, march forth into your places . Files double your C right } files that doubled, as depth intire to the {left Syouwere. Files double your depth to the right, every man D4 falling 4° Military Difcif line, or falling behinde his bringer-up. Files that doubled, as yoa were. Chap. XII. ofinverfwn and converfion^ and of doubling Ranks. Here is yet another doubling of the depth, which is called Inverfion. But becaufe fome out of their igno- rance make little or no difference betwixt Inverfion and conversion. Give me leave for the clearing of the doubt, to place Converfion and Inverfion together, that by their contrary effects, the difference -may be the more perfpicuous tofuchas fhall be defirous to know it. Yet before I either enter upon figure, or command for Inverfion or Converfion, I hold it necefiary to fhew fome of the figures of thofe doublings, for which I have already given the words of command and reducements. And then next after them, I will pkice both the words of Command,-and the figures belonging to Inverfi- on and Converfion. This figure next following, is a doubling of rankes to the right, where you may perceive how the even rankes arc irtferted into the odde rankes • the pricks denotatingthc places they flood in, be- fore the doubling began, the little line or ftr6kc drawne-from the pricks, mewing the manner of the The young Artillery Man. 4 1 the doubling: I thinke it would be needlefle to Noieihaun make another figure, to fhew the doubling of ofR«£ f , T& rankes to the left; for the mcaneft judgement may even Rani« arc by this figure eafily apprehend what the other \^^f^° Would be. ginning a]. waict to reckon from Rankes to the right double. ftc fim Rank. Front. \6 1 $ 14 13 12 11 10 p 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 mmmmmmmmpp ppp p pppppp pppp mmmmmmmm «3 mmmmmmmm pppppppppppppppp mrnminmmmmjs- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ S- ^ ^ S =T g 5 mmmmmmmm pppppp PPPppppppp mmmmmmmm i? X 6 ^ ^ S S ^^^^^^^^^^^^ g. 7 mmmmmmmmpp pppp pppp pp pp ppmmmmmmmm^ 8 s \f. S ^ Chap- 1 4* Military Diftiflm, or Chap. XIII. Of doublings of Files, N this doubling of Files, you may perceive, that each of the even files doubleth into the odde files,begin- ning from the hand named: as in this doubling of files to the left j the left hand file ftands raft, the fecond file dou- bleth into it, the fourth file into the third, and fo for the reft. If your command be to double your files, to the right, thencontrariwife the right hand file ftands faft, the reft of the even files doubling into the odde, accounting from the righr,as before from the left. Thus much may fumceforthe dou- bling of files, onely take this by way of admoni- tions that as in doubling of ranks any way,youare to obferve your right hand leader : fo in doubling of files, you are to obferve your file-leader; fo that as neere as poflibly may be, you may either Tn doubling o ( in ranke or file,be altogether in one motion. If you fhtdoubim/ pleafe further to obferve with me, that this dou- betothcicfr, bling is a doubling of number, and not of place, rwe hi ?hen ^ depth of thebattell not being thereby exten- c»« y r man 'of ^d^ for further fatisfa&ion obferve this figure. the e»cn Filcs s ftcps behinde his IcTc hand F'tlcs The young Artillery Man. 43 •84 3 < .F/Y« ft? /^tf left ^double. Front. i m m m m in m m m in m m m m m m m I in in 4 5 6 7 8 9 l© II 12 i; 14 /P/P/P/P/ m / p p p p m /m/P/P/P/P/m_/ m rn P P P P m m /m /P/P /P/P/m/ m m P P P P m » /m/P/P/P/P/m/ m mPPPPmm /m- /P/P/P/P/m/ m mPP PP m / m /m/P/P/P/P/m/m . mPPPP m ' «n /^/P/P/P/P/ m /^ m P P P p m m m 15 i* m m /m/P/P/P/P/ m ? / P p' P Reere. / m / / / / / / / / * Files as you were. Chap. XIV. Of doublings by bringers-up. roan a r three flcps, eveiv c»cn File doubling into the oddc files beginning your sec cunt m\ li tbc out rnofl File to ihcband named, 3t I have foimci!. & fi»d. ST » * Intliii dou- bling of Ranks by Bringers. a,*, as like wife in all other of J'kc nuue, they that are to morc,are to advance their Armcs. But if the Comman- der plcaic, it will be bed for the cafe of the Musket tiers,! o befliouldcrcd. And upon all (His doubling which next iblloweth, fhall doubling of be a doubling by Bnngers-up, of which Scw.lc* 1 " forgone figure will be fufficient 3 which I thcmbefuio hold moft neceflfary to demonflrate in manner of ^ r< J-j£ t mouon,The figure followeth. Bring* hai*) men. 44 Military Difcipline,ot Br'mgers up double your Ranks forward to the right. From. 2 6 j i 2673485 1485 1 im mm mppppppppmmmm 1 2m mmmppppp pppmmmm5 j Smmmmppppppppmmm mi -g 3 mmmmppppppppmmmm 8 ~ 7 mmmmppp pPppp m mm m ^ ^4mmmmppppppppmmmm4 c g- *j <5mmm m p pp p p p p p mmm m 7-11 5 mm m in p pp p p p p p mm mm 3 g ................ f£ Fj Recre* Br infers up face about to the left jnarch forth into your places. This doubling of Ranks by Bringers up, diflfe- reth from the other doubling. of ranks, firft done, both in quantity and quality. In quantity it dirfe- reth, in regard the other leaves a large diftance betweene Rarike and Ranke, being doubletfte di- ftance they formerly flood at : this contrariwife continuing and pre 1 crying the fame diftance they formerly ftood at betweene each Ranke.In quali- ty it alfodirTereth', in regard that it brings the Bel! and fecond fort of Souldicrs, together into the Front. The- manner of this doubling you tfey plainely The young Artillery Man. 4 5 plaincly perceive by the figure, where it is perfor- med as followeth. The eight or laft ranke, whicl^ arc the bringers up, paffe forwards even in ranke, through or betweene the intervales, to the right of them that ftand before them,until they come even in ranke with the Front; The feventh rank follow- ing thofc which marched from behinde them, placingthemfelvesinthefecondRank, the fixth in the third, the fifth ranke or halfe file in the fourth or recre of the front halfe file. This dou- bling maketh a very able Front,in b ringing all the heft Souldiers together. And although it hath di- minifhed the number, in regard of the depth, yet it hath doubled the number in the length. This doubling is in quantity 01'number, not of ground* When you march into your places, remember this,that the Rank which laft tooke his place in the execution of this motion, muft firft march into his place in the way of reducement. For as they are led forth by their Bringers up, contrariwife they are led off by their halfe file leaders. In t he doubling of the Front to the left by Brin- gers up, it is the lame, onely differing in this, that whereas befote it was to the Right, this is to the Left. Wherefore let thi&fuffice for doublings by Bringers up. Ghai, 4* Military Difiiplm y ov Chap. XV, Doublings of Files outward and inward. Henextdoubling, is a doubling of Files outward, which workes the fame erfec~t, as to double Files to the right and left. For the right ml- flanke is to double to the right, the left flanke to the left. As you may plainely per- ceive by the following Figure. Files to the right and left double outward. Front. I t 3 m > m 49 n 3 m m a m m m ' m m , m m ' m m > m m * tn / mm 7 m .m m ' m 8 m ,.m m x m 4J67 887* /P/P/ \P\ P P P /P/P/ \P\ P P P /P/P/ \P\ P P P / p p / P p ^ P p ^ /p/p/ \p\ p p p /p/p/ \ p \ Reere. Files as you were* 4 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 5 P P P P P P P P P P P P P P ? m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m 1 m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m 5* rt s This Thcyotwg Artitkry Mw, 47 This doubling of Files to the right and lcfcour. ward, flrengthneth both the Flanks at once, by doubling theit numbers in depth : Butit weaknah the Inward part, where it taketh two Files cleane away, leaving a large Interuale in the midft. Some fay it is good when a Commander will grace any, to bring them through the center or midft of the Battalia. But you muft note, if you have an odde File you cannot Co punctually perform e it,as when the number of your Files be even. The manner of the doubling , you may perceive by the Figure; The motion, by the little lines drawen from the Pricks. The performance is as followeth. The outmoft File of each Flanke ftands ; The fe- cond Files double into them ; The third File from each Flanke ftands ; The fourth File double into the third ; The fixt into the fift,and fo likewife for the reft. If you would double Files to the right and left inward , it is to be done the contrary way : For whereas in this Figure of doubling laft performed; the outmoft Files ftand , the other doubling out- ward into them : Contrary wife the two inmoft Files fhould ftand, the reft doubling to them in- ward. And whereas in this there is a larger diftance in the midft, then is in any other part ; The other part Contra would bee clofeft in that part. Some men doe not approove of either of thefe doublings. I leave every man to his owne choice. The practife of it makes perfection, and he that can doe much may doc leffe when he iifteth. Chap* 4 8 Military Difcipline, or Chap, XVI. Of doubling by Halfe-files. He next doubling is a doubling by Halfe- files 5 whereby the length of the Battaile is extended to double the former proporti- on of number,the depth being extenuated both in number and place. This Figure will demon- strate unto you the manner of the motion , which is as followeth. Halfc -files double your Rankes forward to the right. Front. 2 6 7 3267348514 8 5 r mmmmpppppppp mmmmi mmmmpppppppp m m m m 5 mmmmpppppppp m m m m 2 mmmmpppppppp mmmmd mmmmpppppppp mmmm3 mmmmpppppppp mmmm. 7 mmmmpppppppp m m m m 4 mmmmpppppppp m m m m 8 M ......... Keen. Halfc -files face about to the left; March foorth into your places, .1 This Tbejeufig Jtrti&ry Man, This doubling our Rankes fonvai J by our H . files,is a Motio generally approved of by all roi viceable,ifit be done with convenience. Itdirrereth from the other doubling by Bringers up,m quality, not in quantity, (for therein they kcepe one propor- tion:) In quality it difreretluhus: The doubling by Bringei s up I rought the beft and fecond fort of foul- diers together into the Front 5 The fourth and third fort into the Reerc : So that the Reerewas* worfe then the Front : This doubling by Halre-files brings thebefiand the third together into the Front, and leaves the fecond and fourth in the Reere:So that the Front is made more able,then the Reere,byJ. It difiereth likewifein Motion thus; For whereas in the other doubling, by Bringers up, the Motion was be- gun,by the laft Ranke, every Ranke following the Rankc which came from behind him: This contrary- wife is direftly led foorth by the fife Ranke from the Front, (if they be but eight dcepc) and fo is executed more furely and fuddenly ; the fift Rankc palling in- to the firft ; the fixth Ranke into the fecond* the fe- venth into the third, and fo for the reft. For the re- ducement,when they are commanded to face about to the left,and march forth into their places; Then as the Motion was led on by the Halfe-ffle-leaders/o in thereducement,theyare led off by the Bringers up- Doubling of halfe^files to the Jeft produceth the fameeffeclrs onely the contrary hand. E Chap. 5 o Military Difciftinc, or Chap. X V 1 1. Of doubling the Reerc by Front Hdfe -files; He doubling; of the Recrc by Front half e— files D is differing, from the doubling laftfhew- en,more in maner then matter; Both concur- ring in fubftance, although differing in circumftance. , To fay more of it, were more then needed; only per^ uft the Figure which prefents it felfe unto you (as it.; is in motion) as folio weth. Front half e-f lis y Face about to the Lefts a #d double your Reere to the Right. Firft Front* • . •t • •,•....».•.«.•.».». % «. , • m^, » • ............ * . . .J ............... . ............ .J •••>»•• • • » * | • • . • • « ^ w m in 10 d d d d d d d d,ui m m id 1 mm m m p p p p p p p p m m m m J ui urui ui d d d d d d d d ui in in, in 2 m. m m m p p pip. p p-p p m mm m 6 y in to ui .10. d d ; d. d, d d d d w ui in m 3 m m m m ,p p. p p. p ,p p p m m m m y> m in in m d d d,d ,d d d d ui ui ui ui 4 m m m m p p p p. P P P pm v m,m m 8 Hccre..-: frw Halfe-jtlesface about to the Left, march forth imo^owjUnes. This The young Artillery Man. 7^ This doubling ofthe Reere, by the Front halfe- files,i$ to bee performed after this manner. The command being firft given,the Front halfe-filcs face about to the lert, (the Pikes being all aduanccd,thc Muskets all either poy fed or mould red )and fo beine led by the Halfe-hle-leaders to the Reere, which are thofethat hold the foutth place of honour, they march directly forwards to the Right of the other part of the. Body, which flood faced in opposition; untill the leaders of the doubling have ranked, even in Ranke with the Bringers up , the reft ranking even with the other (landing Rankes , according to their places : If it be for fervice that this doubling is ufed, then the whole body is to face about to the Reere , being the part to be doubled . If onely foi exercife , then the Commander may ( if he pleafe) keepe his place, and the doubling being perfor- med , and the whole Body faced to the Leader, command for the reducement; Files to the Right, double intirc advancing 5 every man filling before his leader i which reduceth each man to his firft place, Ch A P. 56 Military Difripti*€,0£ Chap. XVIII. Of donblingthc Keen by Countermarch. Here is another manner , of doubling of the Reere,by the Front halfe-files, contrary to that fhewen in the prece- dent Chapter 5 which is done by the way of the Lacedemon Counter- march s which fome would ranke amongft the Countermarches. Becaufe ( fay they) the Motion is a Countermarch. But the act intended ? or thing wrought,is a doubling ; and if it were, to have the denomination of a Countermarch, then it ought rot to mixe with any other part of the Body , onely to Countermarch the Front into the midft,and thereto ftand,without pairing forwards to the Reere; (which makes it a doubling) and then it might be accounted for a part-Countermarch. But as it is here comman- ded,and performed, it is a doubling. Obferuethe Figure following. A part Coon* tcrraarch is whencncMo ny,or part of cue Body countermarcbetb, thereby, not altering the number of the lengtb,or de^th of the Figures butoncly transferring one part into another* Note that if the Recre be doubled totbc Righr, the Countermarch mull be to the Left: if the doubling be to the Left, the Countermarch muft be totbc Right. It hat the discretion of the Commander, tofacethcGompany,which way be. pica* fcth, either for Mouon,or Rcduecmcnt ©f any Motion formerly performed. from- The young Artillery Man. 5 3 Frmt halfc files ^double your Reere to the- Right by Countermarch. Firjl From. 167326734851 485 3 mxnmmppppppppmmmm t muiuiuiddddddddurujuitu 4mmmmppppppppmmmm 1 uiuiuiuiddddddddiuuiujuj 5 m m m in P P P P P P P P in m m m i m m m m P P P P P P P P m m m m 7 m in m m P P P P P P P P m m m m B m m m m P P P P P P P P m m m tn Reere. Front Halfe -files face about to the Left, march forth into your places This Figure of doubling the Reere by Coun- termarch, produceth the dime effedt to the Reere, as doubling the Front by Bringers up doth unto the Front. The Countermarch by which it is per- formed , is a Countermarch of lofle of ground, We will fpeakc more of it amongft the Counter- marches. The command to reduce it is ( if the Commander ftand, at the head of that part that is doubled. ) Front halfe-files , face about to the Right, march forth into your places : If hekeepe his firft ftand, having faced them to him j Then, E s Front 54 Military Difciplwe, or Front halfe-files, march forth into your places. To double the Reere to the Left , by Counter- marches the fame, differing onely in the hand. I will next (hew a doubling of the left Flanke , by way of Countermarch. Chap. XIX. of Doubling Flankes byway of Countermarch. Alfe-rankes (or flankes)are then laid to be doubled , when the depth of your Battalia,is increafed to double, their former proportion; of Num- f ber, or Place, or both : which may be done divers wayes. But this Chapter, and Figure , is onely to demonftrate unto you , the doubling of the left Flanke, by way of Counter- march. The Figure followeth : and Hands as the doubling is in Motion. Halfe-files The young Artillery Man. j j Halfe-rankcs to the Right by Countermarch, double your left ftanke. Front. na m in m p p p p -S -E »fl «- S ~o-»o-«-o."o. m m m m p p p p £ E £ £ 0-0-0.0- m m m m p p p p ... £ E E E 0.0.0-0. mmmm PPPP* .... S E £ £0-0-0.0- in m m m PPPP' SEE£o-o-o.o- m m m m p p p p •••••• • S E E E 0.0.0-0- ni in m m p . p p p ...... . E EE E c o- o- o- tn m m m PPP p •••.•• ■ £E£S Q - C1 - "'' a ' Reere ( Halfe-rankcs that doubled , face to the Right. March foorth tnto your places. This doubling of Halfe-rankcs by Counter- marches a doubling of Number, not of Place: for the depth ftill retairies, the fame proportion 5 one- ly augmented by one man, the length of your Battalia, being diminifhed , both in Number and Place 5 The right Hanke being wholly infertcd, into the left Hanke, as you may perceive by the E 4 Figure 5 6 Military Difcif dine, or Figure; The Motion is to be performed on this manner : The halfe-rankes of the Right , Face to the Right,and then Even in ranke together, Coun- termarch betweene the Intervales , untill the out- moft file to the Right , which is marked with the figure i, be come into the outmoft File of the left Flanke,which is marked with the number 1 6: The fecond into the fifteenth; the third into the four- teenth j The fourth into the thirteenth : and the reft in like manner. The ufe of this doubling is,to ftrengthen one of the Flankes, by bringing more hands,to doe prefent execution ; the other Flanke being in more furety. The way for the Reduce - ment of this Motion is, after tnis manner ; The halfe-ranks laft doubled, being faced to the Right, then they which were the laft, which tooke their places in the Motion , now are the firft , which take their places in, the Reducement; orderly marching in Ranke together , untill they come to their places: Then facing to their Leader, they become Files againe. The left flanke may in like manner,doublethe Right by Countermarch;The difference is this : The right Flanke ftands, the left Flanke is inferted into the Right, as before the Right was into the Left. To fhew another Figure foritjwould be altogether needleffe. H A. P. The young Artillery Man. 57 Chap. XX. Doubling half e files to the rjght intire to accomodate the doubling of half e Rankes. Should now come to fhew another manner of doubling of flanks, by inferring the one flankc into the o- ther, a different way from that Lift „ fhewen. But if I mould performe it, as the body ftands, in the ordinary fquare, flan- ked with Muskettiers: then it would produce a mixture of A rmes. To avoid which, before you enter upon this doubling, of palling in, through or betweene your halfe rankes ; Caufe your halfc files to double the Front to the right intire, which being performed, you may then proceed to the doubling of your flanks ,any way without mixture of Armes. If I fliould have fhewen this motion with Pikes or Muskettiers alone, this firft dou- bling of halfe files intire, might have beene fpa- red: but I defire not toleave any thing obfeure or difficult, but to render it as eafie and apparant as I may, to the capacity of the meaneft reader : and if any place in this fmall Treatife of mine (hall feem ambiguous, I mall intreate the courteous to im- pute it to my lacke of language to exprefTe my fdfe, rather than any will in me to conceale, or obnubi- 5 8 Military Difciplwe, or obnubilate the fenfe, whereby to deprive them of the true meaning of any thing in this Booke con- tained. But left by doubling of words, I prove tar- dvinmy worke, I will forbeare further drcurrr- ftance, and come to the profecution of the matter: which in the firft place, will be a doubling of halfe tiles to the right intire, whereby the next dou- bling may be the more commodioufly accompli- shed. The figure folio weth. Halfe 'files \double your front to the right intire. Front, \6 i« 14 1: IX1I 10 9 t 7 * 5 4 3 2. I Thefe are the halfe files which have ilou- bled intire. 1 mm mm p pp pp pp pmm ram J mmmmppppppppmmmra g * ramrumppppppppit"nmm6rammmppppppppiiimmmj? Z 3mmramppppppppmmmm7mmmmppppppppmmram |» B 3, 5 4rararamppp?PPPP mmrarnSmmmm PPPPPPPP mmm,n F Reere. This doubling of halfe files to the right intire, I have fully expreft in the figure, as the body ftands, the motion being ended: becaufe we are to adde another doubling,before wee reduce them. This figure next following, will be bed fhewen in the ~^_ : —^ The young Artillery Man. 59 the motion or aftion, not fully performed: that thereby the manner may be the more eafily dif- cerned.Butbytheway obferve, that this dou- bling of halfc tiles, is a doubling both of number and place; for the length of the Battalia is not on - ly double fo many a bread: as they were before, but they alfo have extended ther length to dou- ble their proportion of ground, which formerly they did occupie. I forbeare to fpeake more of this doubling, untill we come to fhew it in motion: and now proceed to the next doubling upon this. The command is as folio weth. Halfc rankes of the right, double your left flanke. From. ;« ?M«29 IS 27 162? 24 '3 an 101918 '7 16 IS '4 I? i*« « 10 9 « 7 < : 4- 3 s I mmmmppppppppminmrn ■ • mmmmppppppppmmmm .... £ E S S &*c^&-&*g-&~&' C: ~£ £ 5 S mmmmppppppppmmmm p gc g aacus^aac-cs £ G g m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m . . . •- . . 1 p £ £ £ O.CuCL,0-CuCU£-a.Pj £ £ £ m ~Z ** **i y-> <— >-< He ere. Halfc rankes that doubled, face to the right \ march forth mto yo:ir places. This 60 Military Difciplwe ,0V. This doubling of halfe rankes is a morefpeedy and fure doubling, then the doubling of h«ife ranks by countermarch, but is raoft commonly ufed when the body confifts but of one fort of Armes, being either all Muskettiers, or all Pikes. Butbecaufeinmy figures I have as well Musket- tiers as Pikes, I have made ufe of a Doubling in • tire, and from that have doubled my left flanke,to prevent the mixture of Armes : However mixture of Armes upon fome occasion maybe necefTary. The manner to performethe motion, is this. The left flanke (lands, the halfe ranks of the right, face to the left; and then the inmoft file of the right flmke, (all the files of the right flanke, being by this facing become ranks) is the leader of this mo- tion, marching forth right to their left hands, be- tween the intervales of the rankes of the left flank, untill that the fixteenth file which now is become aranke, have placed themfelves orderly in the two and thirtieth file, f which is the outmoft file -of the left. flanke.) The fifteenth in the one and thirtieth, the fourteenth in the thirtieth: the thirteenth in the 'nine and twentieths and fo likewife of all the reft. The places may be per- ceived by the figure. The doubling is of number, and not of place. For reducement to both thef e doublings, firft caufe the halfe rankes which laft doubled, to face to the right, and fo to march into their places. They that laft tooke their places in the motion, are the firft that take their places in the reducement. The doubling of halfe ranks be- ing thus reduced,next for the reducing of the halfe files, \ TbejfungArtitlarjM**; 61 files, (which were doubled before, fortheacco- Or*H« modating of the doubling of halfe-ratiks) coin- f/j- VhT* mand the halfc files to face about to the left, and cift Jn ccr;q.ii- to march forth into their places : Wherewith I l [ 5 dfor im,rc will conclude thefe fort of doublings, which re- quire open order in Ranke and File, and come next to mew intire doublings, which clairne a clo- fer diftance for their true performance. And ther- fore conceive them clofed to their order, both in Ranke and File. »% £k »a sat ?H &sL Chap.XXI. The difference letrveene intire and divifwnall doit, blings^ and ofdottbli ng halfe-fles mttre . Aving clofed our Souldiers to their due diftance, I will next proceed, to mew doublings intire. But me thinkes,! heare fome already inqui- ring, what is meant,by intire dou- blings^ and therefore without offence tothecuri- ous,'give me leave to be focourteous(to the Igno- rant; to tell them, that all Doublings, are either intire or divifionalL Intire Doublings being thefe,. wfm intire or fuch like,as when the files or halfe-rrles,rankes, DouMingiarc or halfe-rankes, (according as the command may be) doe march forth joyntly together, without divifionor diflipation, to double the part com- manded. 61 Military Difcipiitte, or] if p at ""2? ant man( kd. Particle and divifionall Doublings be- andd[v!diuU ingfuch,as I have formerly me wn; as when the Doubling!, files or halfe-files, rankes or halfe- rankes, are dif- ranked and divided into more parts or places than one. This may ferve for way of diftin&ion: I will now fhew intire doublings, as they are in action: and firft beginne with doubling halfe-files. The Figure followeth. Halfe-files double your front to the left intire. Front. £ 161514 u «*«» »o 98 7 < f 4 $ a 1 .2 mmmmpppppppprammmi o mmmmp p ppppppmmmm 2 ~ mmmmp pppppppmmmm j •S mmmmpp pppppp mmmm4 v Sggggo < aaft*a*o-EaSS » . . • s Reere. tfalfe-flcsjace about to the rights march forth into your placet. This doubling of halfc- files intire, hath beene held a better doubling; then either the ordinary doubling of Ranks, or the ufuall way of doubling by halfe-files or Brineers up : fomeof the caufes are thefe. Firft it makes no difturbance to the o- ther part of the Battalia; but that it may either be executed in time of motion, exercife, or skirmi/h. Secondly>it appeares another folid body 3 to the great The young Artillery Man. 6$ great di (heartening of any enemy. Thirdly, it is very apt for over- fronting; being a doubling both of number and place. The way to performe the motion, is this. The halfe-files face to the lefr,and march till they are quite clcere of that part of the body, which (lands; then they face to their Lea- der, and fo march up, untill they are become e- ven in ranke with thole which ft and upon the right flankc: and then the Figure will be perfect. Forthe reducement; the word of command is. Half Files face about to the right, march forth into your places .-having faced about,they march ftraight forth, untill they be cleere of the front halfe-files ; then they face to the left, and march ftraight forth, untill every man hath his right place, and then face ri^ht after their Leaders. The doubling of halfe-files to the right intire, is performed af- ter the fame manner, onely diSering in the hand. Chap. XXII. Of doubling the Front inward intire, » gg3<^n O ubling of the Front inward intire, hath beene a doubling as ufefull, as ancient : notwithftanding , moil commonly ufed by greater bodies, as when one Regiment, Diviflon, or Maniple, moveth forward, bc- tweene two others^thereby feconding or relieving them: whereby the Front of all the three divisions become 6\ Military Vifciftmc, Of became ranged in an even line; but 1 have on&ly taken upon me, to fhew the morion, in a private Company. The Figure whereof followeth, as it is in the execution. Halfe~F He*, double your Front irmardintire. Front, 1*15 hi; i* 1 1 to 9 8 7 { ? 4 3 t f mmmmpppp ppppmmmmi mmmmpppp ppppnimmms mmmmpppp . ppppmmmmj mmmmpppp The halfe Files in Motion. ppppmmmm4 mmmmppppppppmmmmj mmmmppppppppmmmmd mmmmppppppppmmmm7 mmmmppppppppmmmm8 Reere. Halfe- files face about, and march, Front halfe- files, clofeyour divifion. Face a/l to your Leader. It hath beene the cuftome amongft ancient Soul- diers and great Commanders, that in the matter of Exercife, they, mew fome things which are moft apt for a private Company i fome for a Re- giment; other fome moft ufefull for compleat arms j fo in like manner,it muft be the difcretion of every 'Reader, (whether he reade for apprehenfi- onor repreheniion) to fuit and fit each motion t o. histrue end & jpurpofe,& with the wife rx#to 3 wher readt The young Artillery Man . 6 J reade twif c t th/in judge once: md then perhaps-, when the intent of 'the Author is perceived, his opinions may be received; yet what need I, or any other apologize ought, in the behalf e of 'this Figure, or any other fuch like: fiththey are but the exprelli- ons of the various figures which proceed of the words of command, ufed almoft by every ordina- ry Exercifer of afoot Company c'Neverthelcfle if Mfops long ear'd bead: palling by, fhould peepe into this Druggifts mop, and quarrell with the Compounds, I (liallnot ftudiefbr a further an- fwcr,thenT/W the excellent and sk, If till Phyfoian, can convert that into an Antidote, which the unlearned foole will make his poyfon. But left I be taxt for di- greffion, the motion of this doubling is thus per- formed. Thehalfe files of the Front, ficeth to the right and left; and march till they have left a di~ fiance between them fufficient to receive the halfe files of the Reere, and then ftand and face to their Leader. Then the halfe files march up, and even their Front. For the reducement of this Figure, there are(as there are for all the reftj divers waies. But becaufe that it is neceflary to (hew one, let the halfe files face about to the Reere, and march un- til! they are cleere of the Front halfe files, then ftand and face to their Leader; then the other halfe files of the Front, clofe their divifion, and they are reduced. Ch AF< 66 Military Difcipline, or A A * * A A A * A A Chap, XX I IT. of ^hale-files ^doubling the Front by divifion. His doubling hath beene very well approved of by Count Mansfield-, ) l Sir Thomas Kelly, Captaine Ring* ham^ and divers other fouldiers o£ good efteeme, who preferre. thefe forts of -doublings before any other: becaufe thefe doublings may beufed in time of fight, without difturbance to the other part of the BattelL Thn Figure ftands as it is in motion. M-aife- files ^double your Front by Divifion, Front. if 4$ 14 i] ttino 9 8 7 * 5 4 J * f iV mmmmppppppppmmmmi: mm m mpppppppp-mmmm 2 mmra mpppppppp in mmm g , ,. „ ., .. %>\(e,&\t* odht left """rrrrrrrr half«-fil«t of the right- 5aok mmmmpppppppjpmaimm^; flank. snmmmpppp '••••;•• -V ? •' ' * ' ppppmmmm 5 immmmpppp .••■••••••- ■ • • ppppmmmm 6 mmmmpppp- • • • ■• • '. ....•-• ppppmmmm 7 mmmmpppp \ : e ' 1 •/'!'•: \ \ " ! ppppmmmm 8, Reert. ffrffc-flfltfat (^mi^AYi.Hmh forth into yourfkces. -The young Artillery Mar,. ■The way to pcrforme this motion, is as folio w- eth: the halfe-frles are to face to the right and left, and to march, untill rhey are cleere or the Reere part of the Front divifion; then they face to their Leader, and march up, untill they be come even in ranke, with the Front, and (b ftand: which per- fects this doubling. The way to reduce them is, as followeth. The halfe-files are to face about to the Rcrcre, and to march forth-right untill they are clccre of the Front hulfe-riles; and then they are to face to the right and left inward; and fo to march and clofe their di virion; Then being faced to their Leader, they are reduced, as at firft. 6*7 Chap. XXIV. Of doubling the Reere, by Divifton. ^ SK2&£ His next doubling, mall be a dou- &!??$ Wing of the Reere by the Front i^Jgi, halfe-rlles, which will worke the ; fame effect to the Reere, as the laft doubling, by diviiion, did to the Front. It may be ufefullinthe palling of a River, when the enemy chargeth or perfueth in the reere. The Front-divifion either opening, as you may perceive by the Figure (next following) and fuffcring the Reere halfe-files to pafle through them, they maintaining the Skirmifh, untill the F z other 46 Military Difeiplwe, or other have attained the further banke of the River^ Or elfe the Front-halfe- files , .being opened to the Right and Left , and Faced upon the Enemy ; March gallantly Vp, and receive the Charge. whileft the others provide for themfelves. This Motion may alfo be ufefull^vvhen you have gained fom e place of aduantage ., For then by this Doub- ling of the Reere , your Battaile will bee both Lengthened and Strengthened -, And fo by the fuddaine bringing of thcfe Supplies into, the Reere you may not onely relieve your owne,but happily overfront your Enemy . The Figure followeth. Front rhalf "e-files double your Reere by Divifion, This w« the Front before the Motion begin. • »•*.*•• • c in mm urdddd • • • • ' •• \~" • ■•• ' dddduiuituui i tuininiudddd .-• • • - • • • • • * ddddiuinuiui2 mmmmddddmmmmppppppppmmmrn^dddduiuiaiujj inuiiouidddd mmmmppppppppmmmmrfddddiuuiiuuj 4 mmrnmppppppppnimmmy mm mmppppppppmmmmS. Reere. Mronuhalfe-fUi , Face about to the Right and Left , inward. March forth into your p km, . _ The young Artillery Mdn. 69 I For the manner or way of this Motion , it may- be thus performed : The Front halfe-files Face to the Right, and Left, and march untill they are cleercofthe other halfe-files of the Reere ; Then 1 they Face to the Reere, and March on, untill they have attained to bee Even in Rhnke with them, whom they had Command to Double $ which perfects the Doubling. The way to Reduce them, is as followeth: If yoakeepe your place of the firft Front, Then let your Halfe-files Face about, (according to former directions, ) and Match un- till they are cleere of the Reere Halfe-files, which fland ; Then Face to the Right and Left inward, and clofe their Divifions ; And being Faced all to their Leader, they are Reduced. Sundry, and di- vers ways there are,for Reducement both of this and moft other Figures. Neuerthelefle I conceive, if I give one Reducement to each Figure , it may fuffice to thofe that know little; As for fuch which know better,they know more wayesto the Wood then one : And iurely, mould I inlarge my fdfe, but halfe fo much as I might, (and indeed in fome things, no more then were necdfull) I mould then bring my Volume into too great a Bulke,and by the price,hinder fome of the profit : But I am wil- lingly filent in fome things , whereby others may be the better encouraged by my weaknefTes y to take notice of their owne worths , which may in- duce them to put Pen to paper, and thereby pro- duce fome worthy worke,which may tend to their Crcdits,and their Councreys good. V$ Chap, 7 o Military Difciplw, or C*feJ k^3^ tjmvj C^teO k^o^ sJSfc5 iifflfei^ Vj^mk? XHP* 0*W* OTW^ tHW^t I'SHF* >>*fljrt d*BF6 ^HP'* /*ft£j?^> ?0&^ p^ftflOs y 5©$ Ghap, XXV. &f Doubling the Reere intire,by the Front-hdfe-files. His next doubling, {kn\\ be a doubling of the £*/# balfe-jiles-y which I intend not fully to exprefTe ; But to deliver the Figure as the Body fandsin Motion. For I conceive it better to fhevv fome Figures in the manner of the Motion, then to fhew them as they would appeare. The Motion being perfected for the way of the work- ing,gives a great deale more light to the Learner, then to ihew the thing abfolutely wrought. Nei- ther would I have any thinke , although I (hew thefe varieties of Doublings , and acknowledge, them to be of lingular good ufe for the extenfion of the Length or JDepth of any Battailc $ but that the wife. conduct and skill of the Commander mud; Co. order them, that the extending of the Length,doenot too much weaken the D c P c h 5 nor that the firengthening of the Deptji , be not too gxczxzwtekentng to the Front or Length of your Battaile. I might give examples how divcrs.gr^at Comanders, either by good fore%ht, or iUow- fight 5 havc gained to themfelues and their Coun~ treys, The young Artillery Man. 71 tryes,Honor and Viclory,orloflTe and flaveiy. Bur others have beene very plentifull in examples of this nature , which makes me the more fparing : For my intent is not to write a Hiftory of t he acti- ons of others ; but rather to ihew to fuch as are not fo skilful!, The Poftures>Mottons,m<& fome few Formes or Figures of Battaile 9 with their feverall Reducemcnts. The Figure of this prefent Doubling folio weth. Front-hnlfefUsJouhkyotut Reere to the right inure. The foft Fr«nt, ! g EE E6 c.xA.a.h&o,oo«a.EBBE 4 ig mmmmppppppppmoiBmc £ onn m p p pp p p p p n-mmai^ o £ itm mm p p p p p p p p raaimm 7 £ am mm p p p p p p p p mat mm 8 Rec/c. FWt>h*lfefiUs , /*<* <*&»* to the Left. March forth into your fla^.^. :r> F 4 The 7 2 Military Qiftiplwe, or The manner of this motion ( or doubling ) is thus to be performed. The Front~kalfe -files, Face to the lefiyznd March untill they areclecre of the Feere-halfc-jiles ; Then Fmc againe to the Left (which is the Kef re) and Af4^outright,untilI they Fanke even with the Jaftraitke of the Reere-divifionr, which gives conclufionto the Doubling, For the reduccment. Let your From-hdfe-fiks y Face about to the Left y znd March right foorth untill they arc cleere of the Reere-halfi-files : Then Face them to the Right , and let them March into their places. Then if the Commander goe to his firft Fronted i^ttthemallto him ; they are reduced asatfirft. To double the Reere to the Left wtire y may be done after the fame manner : onely diffe- ring in the hand. . z*j£* ?%BR 2^$ t^i &§% &&■ ?lF* 2*©5 ?W: 2®$ 1W$ ?®S ?^£S Ghap. XXVI. of doublings by ffalfe-rankej mire. Avingfhewed the F article doublings \ and the Doubltngsof Front and Reere > f yntire, and by di I will next Ijfhew the doublings of Flankes after rfthe fame manner, and will flrft be- gin with a doubling of the leftFlanke y by advancing the right Flmke , and placing it be- ford The young Artillery Man. fore the Leaders of the left FUnkc: which is a doub- ling both of Number and Place, and may ferve to lingular good ufe for thefrengthening ofzny Jlank, where it may be needful] : For it makes the Battaile defenftble on every part. The Figure^ it is in J/*~ r/jpfolloweth« 73 **>• HAlfe-rankes oft he right, double your leftflanke intire to the Right. FroK of i he right FUnkc m in m m Front. P P P P m m m in m m m m m m m m 01 m m si m m m m m m m in mm p* m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m » • • » • • • % • . • • • • * • • • • e • • » • • • ■ * • • • -1 • . • 5" Keere. H*lfc*r**ke$ that doubled , fue about U thtltft> MArch fofrth intd ym facts > If 74. Military Difcipli#e,ot If you would have yoxuMvskettiers,to double even, with the Muskettters of the contrary Flanke ; Then it is no more but thus ; caufe the halfe Ranks of the right Flanke , to a*4r^ forth- right (as you may perceive by the Figure) untill the Reere Rankeo£ the right FUnke be advanced about three yW be- fore the Front of the /*//■ Flanke , and then caufe that Flan he fo advanced, to Countermarch their i?^Z'^ to the >7££/. And then all your Musket- tiers will be together , and the Pikes likewifc by them felves. The Redticement wil be after the fame manner. But for inftru&ion for the Motion ,by this figure intended according to the command former- ly given. The left Flanke , fiands ; the right Flanke marcheth forth right, untill the Reere of the right Flanke be advanced before the Front of the left Flanke, as aforefaid : Then face them to the left ; and caufe them to march, untill the Pikes are even in Ranke with the Mmkettiers , which perfects the doubling. For the Reducement .-let the halfc Rankes that deu- bled,face about to the left: and march,\mtll they arc cleere of the left Flanke ( or (landing part of the Battaile) then caufe them to face to the right 5 and to march {trait downe into their places. Then the Leader being at his firfi Front fateth them all to him , which reduceth them as at firft. Therignt Flanke may alfo double tlie «/^ Flanke, to theZ/2 wtire.-And then as the r/>& .F/4/^ in this doubling, came ot^ the Front of the /~ 3 3 3 B'W* " Front of the right 3 3 3 3^3-0^*^ FUnke. "~ 3 3 3 B>w*o*Q i ppppmmmm % ..ppppmmmm 3 , . ppppmmmm o^- 4 . ., ppppmmmm^" 5 ppppmmmm^. 6 ppppmmmm g. 7 ppppmmmm** S . ... < . .« ppppmmmm 3 3 3 B^o-o^otj 3 3 3 3*0*0*0*0 *«>■*• 3 3 3 B*w*o^ 3 3 3 B^o-a-o^o Half ranks that doubled, face about inward. March forth into y our f laces. The motion of this doubling, is thus to,be perfor- med. The Reere-halffiles ofthe /^ §7 mmmmppppp pp pmmmra f <5 2 §^ 3333"o*o > 0'onot3T3tJ3 2gg f' Reere. Ranks that doubled, face to the left. March firth into your places. The motionofthis doubling, ought to be perfor- med, as followeth, namely, if the doubling be to ther^f, as is above exptefTed by thisj^«re.- Eve- ry even ranke,faccth to the right. The right hand man of each ranke, beCOmming the leader of his ranke file-wife: leading them forth, and in their march ox movingfotmxdS} a little bending to the left: The young Artillery Man. 19 left: that when the lift hand man of each ranke, ( which are the bringers-up of the motion) are cleerc of the Jfanding part of the Wjy, by ondy facing to the font, they may ftand aw ill nw/v, with the reft of the company. For reducement of this doubling: it may he as fol- n 01Ci ibn the loweth. Command the ranks that doubled, to face it it. ham mm to the left; and march forth, right into their pfa- S'Sfi'*"' ces. Or for variety, command halfe-ranks of the Ztionfinilc - right, to face to the left, and is (alfo)a doubling both of number zndplace : for it increafeth the depth,, to double, their former pro- portion-, of number,, as from eight ,to fixteene; from ten to twenty, dec. It alfo gaineth fo much more groundbdbrc the fmt, as formerly trie *4W# did contains: by Military DifcifUnt, or . transferring the even files of the body, into the ground, before the front of the edde files : but this doubling, diminijheth the ntmber of the /?#£/£ of your battel^ although it preferves their place, I fpare to fpeake further of it, onely thus. Let the antiquity of this doubling, plead for it's excellen- cies and if that may hold for a rule, .then this may be ranked amongft the belt. For further directi- ons, obferve the following Figure. Double your Files to the right intire, advancing. Front, 16 14 12 to 8 6 4 s mmpp p p m m m m p p p p mm m m p p p p m in mm p p p p m m m m p p p P m m jj mmppppmm J mmppppmm^ M . m.m.p.p.p.p, ra-mj S* . m . m . p . p . p . p .. m . rn 3 JS* • m . m . p . ,p . p . p . m • m 4 [ m . to . p . p • p . p . m . m 5 • m . m . p . p • p . p . m . m 6 ' m . m • p • p • p . p . m . m 7 - in • m. p » p * p . P • m ♦ mS Reere* fiksfat dorittd, fmdmmht left. Jttttfifr - forth into your plates. The The young Artillery Man. $j The motion of this doubling y ought to be perfor- med after this manner. The odde files are tofiand, beginning your account from the outmofi file, 10 the hand, named. The Musketeers, and frkts,o£ the even files t are to advance their Amies, and fol- low theix file-leaders^ every file-leader leading his file forth rights before his next file to the right, un- til] the hungers up of the even files are orderly pla- ced 3 before the leaders of 'the odde files: as you may perceive by the Figure. For reducementi £t the files that doubled^ face about to the left : the hungers up of each file leading them forth, right d&wne the Intervales, which are on the left handy unrill, j&ey are come even, with the Reere: and then jland^nd face to their leader, and they are reduced, as at firft. The doubling offiles to the leffimire, advancing; is after the fame manner : It onely dhfereth in the /;W:wherefore I fp>are the figure. They that love to be curious, may likewife double files , by divifion, advancing. ■ i . G Ghap. S2 Military Difciplm, or Chap. XXX. Of Files, doubling their depth* His next doubling, is a doubling of the depth, to the right inure : and is like- wile, a doubling of fibs, as the other laft, fhewen in the precedent Chap- iter. Being alike, both for number ma place: notwithstanding, it differed &om the*- ther, both in manner of executing, and in forae fort of the matter executed. For whereas the other doubling, by advancing of -files, did trans fern all the even-files into the ground before the Front* Contrariwife, this doubling doth transferre them into tht ground next behind the Reer. And as in the ft^r doubling, you may perceive halfe the file-lea, ders, to remaine in the Front-, the other halfe to be halfe-file leaders. This doubling, hath halfe the file- . leaders ill the fiont t the other halfe being the laft ranke, of the Itor*. Thofe which were the Former Bringersuf) being become the two inmrmojt, or* middlemofi ranks . The figure followeth, being dc- mpnftrated as the bodyfotndsi the motion being ended;, Ida i Thtjmmg Artillery M/m, M Files, double your detth to the Right : every mw f Ai- ling behinde his bringer up, Front. 16 if 14 I? I2lt 10 9 8 7 4 m . m . p - p • p . • m • m . f" p- p- p • m ■ m • P ' p- p- p • m* m • P ' p- p • p , • m • in • P ' p. p • p j • m • m • P * p* p * p • m • m p: p* p; p • m ' m • p p p p S m m p p p p m m p p p p m m p p p p m m p p p p m m p p p p ra m p p p p m m p p p p m m p p p p J 4 i » p • m . m . m • m • m • m ' m j m " m m m ra m m m m t m 1 m 2 m3 m4 m5 m 6 m 7 mft fc m 7 > m 6 my R14 m j m 2 mi Reere, Files as you were, or Bringer s up, double your Ranks forward, to the left, The manner ohhc motion for this doubling; is is followeth.The command being given; files, double pur depth to the right intirc : every man falling be- hinde his bringer uf: then the even files (accounting from the£W named immediately face about to the right, and the bringer s uf of each of the even C 2 files. 8 4 Military Difcipline ,or files , turnc behinde the Bringers up of the odde files, thixjland. And fo every man, as he commeth down to the P.eere, mmcth to the left bchinde him, that marcheth downe the next before him; until! thofe that were the leaders of the evert files ', arc be- come the bringers up to thofe which were the edde files. Thereducement is as followeth. Bringers up that now are., double your ranks forward to the left. Which being performed, they arc, as at the fir ft. If you would be inftrucled" in the manner, turne backe and fee it: where the bringers up double their ranks forward, into the front. It is the fourteenth Chapter. I have willingly paft over another doubling of the depth, becaufc it is much" after the manner of that, which is done by advancing file upon file$which is the doubling o f the hft. Chapter. It differeth one- ly thus. In the laft figure, the even files marched forth; placing the'mfejves before the odde files. And in this which I have omitted, the even files are to face about, and march forth right towards the reere; untill the file-leaders of the even files, have placed thcmfelves, juftbehindethe bringers up of the odde files: and then every man to face to his leader. Some have a doubling of the depth by countermarch. Which I conceive fcarce worth pen- ning, yet willing to leave every man to his owne likings & as I donothing in it,fo Tie fay nothing of it. There are others that have written concerning doublings of place, neverthelesbecaufe they areno- thing,but the opening of ranks defiles P wherby length or depth of your battellis extended, and foj doubled in Theyoung Artillery Man. 85 in place, and not in number. I forbeare to write fur- ther of them, defiring not to treate of fuch riiings, which are more cur torn then neceffary. Chap. XXXI. Of Converjion and Inverfion, with their words of Command, andRcduccments. Ccording to my promife, I will next (hew the difference, betweene Inverfion and Converjion : the very names whereof is fuch a puzzling unto many, that they are more troubled with the words, then the worke.Some are of opinion, that they are both one; differing in let- ter not in matter. Others would have a difference, if they could tell how, or where. But generally, they are fo chopt and changed, one for the others that the Souldier cannot in truth tell which is ei- ther. But that you may not be deceived, take this for a rule: that Inverfion doth alwaies produce, fie, or files; and Convcr fion,ranke, or rankes . Inverfion con- fifts of 'the files filing, or of rankes filing. Converjion of 'ranks ranking, to the right or left. Or by mcreafe of pies, rankinghy even^or uneven parts: and of ranks wheeling, to the right or left. I (hall fpeake further of them in their feverall places. But by the way,youaretoobferve, that Inverfion and Con- G 3 verfiori, II. te Military Difciplwe, or vcrfwn, require larger diftances of Ground , then any other Motions ^ which mull: be, the Officers care, to open the ranks , or //fj , to fuch dtftance as fhall be neceffary , to containe the rankes or files ,fo to be Inverted or Converted^, whethe r it be double, diftance , or twice double-diftance for any other lef- fer, or larger quantity of ground. The words of Command, with their feverall Reducemems, are as followed]. Inversion. CRight^ Files, file one, to the< ^File-leaders, lead cLeft, % up your files as Files,file to the right and left \ you were, by divifion. J) C Right, ?Files rankeas Ranks, file to the< Left, > , rn ,' ,-* you were. Filc% SMa . _— . m The young Artillery Man. 8 7 you we re. ~3,5,7,ors>- to the right 4,<5,8,or 10. to the left byincrearctotheright,i,3,5 5 7 3 &c R , fil Fiks,rank< by increafe to the left, 2 ,4,6 ? 8,&c. >K> anks > nicas 7 , . , ' '"' ' 3 von were, to the right -p £into the front, '^to the left S To avoid the words oflnverfion,3.nd Convcrfion, I have delivered the directions,witb once naming either of them. Onely I have expreft the/* firit words of Command, to be Inverfion , and thefe laft fixtccn, to be Converfion. For I conceive it* not to be fo necefliny , to adde to every word of Com- mand, Inverjion, or Conversion. For by lo doing, the unlearned , and ignorant Souldtcr will be fo tranfported, with the ftrangneffeof the word-, that he will fcarcc , by any meanes be made, capable of the matter : For my own part,I have ever held this opinion •• that the eaiieft exprefiions , are ever to be preferred in the way of injlrutfion ,to young Souldiers. I might have much inlarged my lc\i\in the words of direclion,concerning this fubje<5t:but thefe being perfectly attained ^others by practice, wil be gained. I at the firft inteded,to have drawn {ut I have better conlidered , that fome of them wiil require, fomuchroome: and againe are fo eafietobe underftood without theiry^w; that I conceive,Imay both fparethe pains,andcoft;and onely deliver the figures of fome few of them, which will be the moft neceflTary. And for the o- G 4 thers 88 Military Difcipline, or thcrs I will expreffe in words, what they will pro- due?, in figure. Chap. XXXII. Of Files , fling infeqtience. The Command is, Files , fie on to the right. SSfetfSmo performe this tvordof Com- mand ,or Direction. The right hand file, marc heth away Jin- gle 5 The fecond file from the right, falleth into the Reere of the/fry?. The third,bchind the fecond^Thcfourth,bchindthc third. And fo confequently , all the reft of the files ; fall into the Reere of their next right-hand- files , untill all the whole Company , become one file. It may bee ufefull, to paffe fome narrow bridge, or thicket,or elfe- where , where but one, at once can pafle : the Commander being willing, to preferve hisfiles , intire, and whole. The way for the Reducement, may be after this manner. The place being convenient, cyeryfileJeadcr^is to lead up his file, to the left of him , that marc heth before him ; untill all the file-leader ^,are even in ranke to- gether : their files orderly following them. The word The young Artillery Man. 8 p jy^ for the Reducement $ is, File-leaders , Lead up your files as yon were : For files , to//? o» Infequence, to the left jinay be perfo rmed, after the lame man- ner : but difTereth in the handset works the fame eftecljonly , the right-hand-file-leadcr Jed 'the flffcr.- and the elft -hand-file, fell laft of all into the itaTr . T/'tf , contrariwiic , is /^ forth by the left-hand- fie : and the right -hand- fie, isthc daft , that taketh place, in the Reere o? the extended file . Files , //c /* r/tf Eight and Left by Divifon. This files filing by divifon ; is wrought after the fame manner : but d>ffereth in this ; That the right- hand-file of the Company , andthe left-hand-file of the fame, begm to lead forth at one , andthe fame time in their fevera// places . The files of the right flanke fal- ling likewife, behind the Right-hand-file :thc files of the left flank, falling in like manner ^behind the left -h an d- file. So, that if the body beflankt with Muskettiers; then this fling by divifon^br'mgeth all the Musket- tiers into the front- divifon : and the Pikes in the Re ere of them . If there be an oddefile, it moft com - monly fallcth to the right. The word for Reduce- ment is ; File-leaders , leadup your files as you were. This fort of Inverfion, is called filing in fequence. I will now fhew another fort of Inverfion, which is by' Ranks filing. The which I will demonftrate un- to you, by two figures, which will be lufficient, to inrtru&thedefirous. Chap. \ P Military Difciplwe, or Chap. XXXIII. of inverting Rankes ; or Rankes filing. >His following figure oflnverfion, is of Ranks ? filing to the right ; where aH the Ranks are to be inverted , into the out-mofi-file to the rights For the do- ing whereof, let ally our files, be clofed to their order , or clofe order ; as mall bee thought raoft neceflary : the ranks opened , either forwarder backward ,to douhle~diftace,ox. twice d$u- ble-difiance ,(raore or lelfe) as the Commander fhall fee moil: convenient , according to his number. Having clofed 'y our files, and opened your ranks, un- to their due difiance; then, let every ranke , move after his right-hand-man, untill every ranke Hand right mfile, after the right -hand-leader of his rank. In this figure , I have onely opened the foure firfi ranks to their diftance,and inverted but two of the foure. By which it may ealily be perceived , both the manner of the n^r^and the matter which is to be wrought. But if the Commander will performe it Mpon a March -, then they /hall not need to open to any di fiance, but to take their difiance, in the execu- tion: which is the eafieft way, and will be thus performed. The right-hand-man of 'the firfi: ranke, marcheth forth right ; all his ranke facing to the right 9 znd marching file-wife after _him. The right- hand- hand-man ? pi the Se- cond ranke , falling im- mediately after the left hand-man of the Firft ranke , all his ranke in like manner following of him. The right- hand-man of the Third ranke , after the left- hand-man of the Se- cond 5 his ranke like- wife following of him. And fo for all the reft , untill they are all become one fie. Ranks fie to the right. Front. 8 76 f 4 T i mm PPPP mi m«5 m m p p p p m m 4* This Rankes fleingjs fooner performed,and reduced:, then Tiles file- ing : and in the Reduce- ment will prefently be ready to make refi- ftance, againft any op- pofition in the Front. VVhereas i£ Piles fit- it will be a great while before the File-leaders Will be able to make 'Place this Figure in ffiapter 3 3 , htweene folia 90, and pi, ' mmppppmm?'; mmppppmmtf. mmppppmm7. mmppppmmS. Re ere. Files, Ranke as ye were. I good Theyoung Artillery Mart. 9 1 ; good the Front: The manner of the Rtdftcmwof thisfigurCyis as folio weth. If they were Eight men, before in ranke, then the firft Bight men , r4#^ to the Left ^imo the />wtf . The next Eight mai,rankc next after them, which makes the recond ranke, The third Eight men, ranking to the t$ft, make the third r4/ffo. And fo forward for the reft, untilj they are reduced^ at the firft. But it may be,tl\u fomc will object ; That in this /rgv/rL',there is mix- tureofArwes-, which if they will avoy J,they may either March forwards their Musketuers or each divifion^nd clofe them before the Pikes -^ and invert them firft. Or they may March forwards their Pikes firft , and leave their Musketuers to come in the Reere. Or if they pleafe, they may upon a long March ^ firft invert the front -division of Musketuers \ then their Pikes ^A laft the Reere-dtvifion of Mus- ketuers -, which vvay fo ever it be done. The Word fat the reducement will be, Files, ranke as yon, were, Rankesyfile to the Left^is performed after the fame manner. It diffemh from thr: laft done,but onely in the ha, d. Apdwfa reasthi Right-hand-file-Led- der> was the Leader o£ the In , this would be led by the left-hand f.le- Leader The left-hand- Leader of each ranked ead i ng { ^ nis ranke fle-rvife^ be- fore it was performed j but to the contrary hand. I fpare the figure, Chaj. p z Military Difcifline, or *- sn. in &. st r* n jet sn n. sn ri ri m. m. ra. et stjl n ri ii n. nszt. e7$JS> efc&S <5$fcS 5$j5 dSls <•?&&? S3BRI 31&S S^cfiife&Zjfeo Chap. XXXIIII. of Rankes filing by divifion : and how The pricks rankc- rvife ^denoting the places, from whence they came: The Quarter-circles , mewing the way of the Mo- tion : The prickes file-wife , directing , or mewing their Places they are going too. ' For reduccment to the figure : it is no mo re then this. TheRankes which before inverted intofiles, now againe convert into rankes^s they were. The word of Command for it, is, Files, ranke to the right and left inward \as you were. I hope,this that hath already been fhewen, will be f ufficient , (at leaft in fome f mall meafure ) to give fatisfa&ion to thofe, which as yet have not knowrie what is meant by Inverfion. Yet I could wifh,that fuch asexerciie the Companies of the Trained- Bands of this Kingdome; would rather make ufe of the plainer word of dcmonflratton ; which is, Rankes file, or Files, file : and leave out the word Inverfion^s a word not futable with the Ca- pacity of divers of our Souldiers of the Trained- Bands. Efpecially of this City, where Porters, Colliars, Water-bearers, andBroomemen, are thruft *4 Military DifciflinCy or thruft into the r oomes of men, of better quality, as though they themfelves were too good, to doe the King and Country fervice. 9 *^fcft «"* t ' > ' f Chap. XXXV. OfthcftvcraU parts of Convtrfton ; mdhm they an tobetmderfiood. He next branch otvifciplim which I offer to your view, (hall be of Converfton : and of its feverall parts : wherein if there be any thatthinke me tedious* let them turne it oyer, and fettle on fome other part, which may be to them more delegable : whileft I, in the meane time,mall endeavour to give content to all,neither ftuffcng out my booh with medlejfe difiourfesj nor yet too much abbreviating the matter, whereby to render it too obfeure unto the commoneft ca- pacity. Wherefore take their parts as they hereaf- ter follow. I /in equall parts 1 Ranks \ in » nc q« ali P^ s * thefc < l4lluuu t>yby divifion into the Front 4 {by wheeling to the Flanks 5 parts, viz. Of Files ranking by equall parts 1 by unequall parts \ inttre into the Front. 7 8 Firfo The young Artillery Man, 5 5 Firft of ranks ranking, in even or equall parts. Which is to be underftood, when there arc twelve, it twenty, (more or left) marching abreafi, and the Commander (either for the narrownefie of apaffagc, 0* forfome other intern) caufcth hit rankes to ranke three or fixe abreafi ', or five, ten, or any other number, ci- ther according to the place, or occafion; every ranke hoi- ding equality of number. Secondly, rankes thenranke by unequal/ parts .- when they ranke by increafe or deer cafe. As when the firft ranke fhall be three, the next five, then fe- vcn,nine,&c. which is commonly ufed, for the making of Diamond, and Triangular figures : Thirdly, ranks then ranke inure, into the front .* when the firfi ranke fiands : thefecond ranke placeth it [elf e on the right or left of the firft : the third by the fecOnd, the fourth by the third, and fo fonvard for all therefiyUmi\\\ aU the rankes, (cither to the right or left) according to dire&ion are become one ranke tn the front. YOYirthly^rankes then ranke by divrfion into the front > when thefecond ranke, and all the reft of the rankes behinde, open to the right and left : the one part going to the right, the other to the lefe^ rank- wgeven with the firfi , as before, and aB together making one ranke* Fiftly, Ranks then ranke to the flankeoxfiankesi, when either thertght hand man of each ranke, or the left hand man (or both together) are m it were the H judge of the motion ,t he reft of each raphe wheeling about them, to the right or left, or each hand by divi- Tion)unttll that every nmke be br*t§b mto the ek- p 6 Military Difcifline, or fiance which was before the ranker between* the right hand-man, of the ranke next before, and the right hand man ofthtfarmranke you fiand in. If it be to the left, tfcen they whedektio the dtfiance between the left- ban d-lcaders-o£ each, ranke. If it be by dtvi- Jim, then half the rankewheeleth to the right. -the other half to the left, and produceth t\y&rankes. Sixthly, Files, then rankesby equallparts : when they rank three,fbure,orr7ve,abreit(more or lefle) ftill keeping the number of men in ranke 5 of due proportion. If you ranke three abreft (either to> the light or left) and y out files be but eight deepe; then the firft fixe men make two rankes, the third ranke muft be made up by the leader of the fecond file. And fo for all the reft. If you ranke foure,and the files be eight deepe, then every file makes two rartkes. r f you ranke five,the files being 8 *&<^,then the flrft five men make a ranke : and the firft two men of the fecond file from the hand named, make up the fecond 'ranke. Five of the other fixe,make up the thrrdrhake. And fo forward forthe reft. If the depth of 'the file were ten men, then it would make twoevenr^wkw. Seventhly^ Files then ranke by unequall parts : when they either ranke by progreffionall increafej or by'.cTecreafe. As when every ranke exceeds the rdnke before ityby two, three, or foiire, be it more or leffe. Or elfe that each ranke decreafeth, after the fame manner. Rightly y Filet then ranke intire into the front; when there is/0 much difianct between* file and file, tiwill somamwh fik y rarike-mfe: every man in the The young Artillery Man. the file marching forwards to the right or left, as Jhall be commanded^ ttnti 11 he ft and tven:nranVe, with the leader of his pie, which brings the body into me ranVe. 91 Chap. XXXVI. ofRankes wheeling by Convcrfion .. #F I would ftrive to bee curious, I % iTiould need no other fubjeel: to ^ lengthen my difcourfe, but onely this, of Inversion and Conversion, which of it felfe would yeeld mat- ter fumcient to make a Booke of. But I have taken a large taske. And therefore like the Artifts in Ge- ogrnphy ,who fometimes by zjpot, prefent a Town, and by a wrincVled line, a large River : fo muft I crave of the favourable Reader, that in this fmall TreatifeofDifcipline,he will not expect chat I mould inlarge my felfe fo amply, as I might,upon every part. For then my booke would grow be- yond his hounds, and I beyond mypromifc; but left I be taxed for digreflion, th is that hath : . 1 rea- dy becne flicwnc, may fuffice for Conversion. But becaufeit may be expected, that- 1 fhonld fK\v Conversion in Figure,as well as the other Motions, \hereforetogratifiefuch, I {hall deraotaftrai e two H Figures $g Mtiitarj Difciflint, or Figures unto them.* which may ferve for all the reft. The one (hall be ofrdnkeswkcelingfy Conver- sion: the other of files ranking, foure to the left, Thewordof iww^tf^forthefirll, /tends placed right over the figure. Rmk es } whe eh to the right andkfi by dhipt^ The Firft Front, ppppmmmmm mmmp ppp PPPpmmmm mmmmp p pp ppppmmmmmmmmpppp Ppppmmmmmmmmpppp Reere. i>Uce this Figure in Chapter tf. bttvreenc folio p 8, ana pp. ZMktStwhtdetQtherigkdHdlefibj&rifoift The Firfi From \ •"j The young At t tilery Han. 9 9 Tliis toregoingjigtire of Conversion, is of RJnkcs, wheeling to the right and left ftt ranks ranking to each Jianke by wheeling. It dilfereth from ranks filings both in manner and matter* In the manner tht» 3 Whereas in ranks filing to the right and left 3 the right and left-hand file- leaders, preferve and conti- nue their places; and with that, their honours. Jn this wheeling by Converfion to the right and left, con- tranwile : the innermofl file-Udders, become the outmofi men in that part where the -front floods the other file- leaders ranking even within them. Some men have called this, RanVes, filing by Converfion to the right and left , but corruptly, fox converfion alwaies produccth rankes^ as I formerly faid : "and invcrfion, files. But their miftake groweth from this, that when ranVes whteleto the right, or riaht and left, then (fay they) they by wheelings become file, or files ', which is a palpable m;Jl*\e ."For when we have any command for wheeling, it is a maxime for us, to wheele ourafpefts tmto the hand or tart na- med. By which doing, we either become ranke or rankes: and not files, as fome have fought former- ly to rnaintaine. One ufe, among many, for this motion is. It is the fpeedieft way for a great body (if they have their due diftancej to give fire to one or both fianh, that as yet I know of. The way to performethiszw// became the Hindges of the motion : the reft of each ranke,n>^. lingbyequalldivifion, to the right and left about, and above their right and left-hand Leaders,untill they become ranks to the flanks. As you may per- il 2 ceive i o o Military Difcipline, or perceive by the Figure, where the pricks denote unto you, theplaces they ftood in before the moti- on: the quarter ctrdes^ mewing the way of ' their mo- . tion : themfelves being converted into two ranks, fheweth the motion executed. I have onely conver- ted three of the rankes; for it would have taken too much roome, to have wheeled all the ranks. And it is eafie by this that is lhewne, to conceive the reft. If you would avoid mixture of Armps, then place all your itokett/^, either in Front, ox Reere: or elfe whtele onely your Muskettiers^ and leave youv Pikes, {landing. Orelfeit may be done; the body marching at length : the Muskettiers being in the/rwtf,and reere Divifions. The word for the re- ducement is 5 rankes, rankeasyou were. The eafieft way for the reducement, will be firft for to face to the reere, and then to wheele backe into their places. Then, face to their leader $ and they will be reduced as at firft. Now we will come to mew the next figure of Converfion, which is of files converted into ranks by equall proportion. ; Chap, 1 ': ■ I The young Artillery Man. 1 1 85 %8&\ £€©< ?€2?* ?^S ?^^ ?Sf ; > i ?^ £W- >S&« ?€$?< ?€j£&^ &§p Chap. XXXVII. (9/ J/7« ranking in equal! parts. N this Chapter,! intend to fliew the manner , flf j£/« ranking by Converfion , /» <^W/ />*m 5 which Motion, I have feene u- icd by fome Commanders , at fuch times as their Companies have been butfmall , having not had above two or three files of Mmketticrs, upon afianke ; and being willing , to march forth their Companies in divtfions : And this, becaufe, that two a £;v/? would be fomwhat improper (un- leffe it were upon neceflity , in fome narrow />*/- fage) and that three a £rf/?, is alio fomewhat with thcthinneft. Therefore to augment the front of their march, they hzvtjhmned fomewhat of their depths, in each divifion : bycaufing their files, to ranke foure, or five, according as their depth may be, when the Command ft\a\\ be given. This Motion of Converfion,may alfo be ufefull for larger bodies. For if upon a March , you are to paffe thorough fome ftreight , where not above foure or five, can W4r^ a&v^ 5 and that being part thorough, you are to direct your courfe , to the right, or left ■ If H 3 your " l 2 Military D iftiptinc, or your way be to the right , then caufe your files to nnke to the left : If to the left , then let the files ranke.to the contrary hand. For by io doing 5 ha- ving paft thcfireight,zndfaced your body ilut way, which yon intend your March, by commanding the File-leaders xo march jand the half -files toft and, and take their places : your body will be led again by their prop er file-leaders, all a brejl-^xht Musketiers becomming again the Flankers, which in the paf- fage of the freight , were in the Front andXeere. ^orthe better underftanding the manner of the Mmon y oWerve the following figure. . . Files ■ ■ ■ ' . The young Artillery Man. Files, rtnkefouretotbeleft. This was the < r File 2 File Front, mm mm f. \ File File m m m m h. m m m m f m mm mm h. 5mmmm /. C m m m m h. { m m m m /, 1 5 File £ m m m m h. PPPP /• P P P P A. SFile^PPPP/' C P P P p h. 7 File \ P P P P f; ' c p p p p h. 8 File \ P P P P /• C P P p p k. P/ P P P mmrampppp mmmmpppp m m m m p p p mmtnitippp mtnmtnppp m m m m p p p m m m m pp p m m m m p p p AON. H ots The j a Military Difciplme, o r The way to performe this Motion , is as follow- ed!. The Command being firftgiven(as abovefaid) the right-hand-file-leader , leadeth forth his file: & the three next men behind him, move forwards to the left of each other ; untill they ranke even a hrefi with their file -leader. The next four e , in like manner ranking to the left , make the fecond ranke. The file-leader o£ the fecond file, placeth himfelfe, next after him, that was the halffile-leader of the firfi, which now is become the right-hand-man of the fecond ranke ^ the three next men behind him, making up of his rank, in like manner. And fo for- ward for all the reft,untill the Motion be fully per- fected. This converts each /?/^,into two ranks&nd brings all the proper file-leaders ,and half file-leaders, to make the outmoftfile to the right : the Bringers- up, both of the Front ,andMeere-half-files-,makc the outer mofi file to the left,. The figures of Number, which are onthd leftJlJnke of the^^^, in which, the word file added to each of them, demonftrate ^/oi' formes ofbattaile : No other Motions do- ing the like. And therefore Doublings, muft needs be accounted the mod exec/lent amorigft all the Motions. ....... You that have eyes to read,and skill to judge ; And have perus'd thefe doublings I have done : Though I have tedious been^yet do not grudge : For you know well,! have shpt over feme. But marvellnot : the caufe / do not jhorv them t It is not much raateriall for to know them. Thofe that are skilfull in the Art of War-re, .And take delight to exercife their men .• Shall find more fleafure in thefe doublings farre, if that they intermixe tbem now and then. Andfo contrive their doublings in thefe cafes, That.laflly one word brings them to their places. Why 7 he young Art. llery Mart. i o 7 Why in our Country do we Captains chafe, That have no skill nor artful! inclination i Tim do them ft foes and Country much abxfi .- Thm to deceive them in their ex pec tit ion. Ithinkethe Caufc of this fault in our Nation Is, that our Gentry holds it not in faOiion. But fome perhaps , will fay, I am too bold ; There s nofuchneedfor Captains to have skill. The Mufter-mafters have enough (fome hold) The Captains and the Countksfortofil/. So whi left the MufttY-mafcv doth the labour. The Officers may play upon a Tabour. Hut fay ! me thinks, one puis me by thefleeve* Andtels me that I have my ft If e forgot. Wherefore of doublings, here J take my leave t Intreating thofe thatxedd, miftake me not* Let Mufter-mafters take their money ^ then 5 But let the Captains exerciie their men. . Ch A?, . 1 ' ! ' io8 Military Difcipline, or •9« ?f be- caufe that it transfers the Battalia , into the ground before trie Front. Others will have it, A Coun- ter-march of loffe of ground 5 becaufe (Tay they J the Enemy being in the Reere^ it makes a femblance of flying. Some will have the Lacedemonian , A Counter-march of gaining of ground : becaufe the Enemy appearing in the Reerejx. makes a femblance of Charging or falling on. Others call it, A Coun- termarch of lolfe of ground : becaufe it loofeth all that The young Artillery Man. x g ^ that ground the Battalia flood upon; taking in ftead thereof,the ground behind the Recre. There are others of opinion, That there are Counter- marches of lofle and gaine, in either of their. All thefe are furnifhed with reafons, to backe their opi- nions. But if I ihould Hand to fhcw.iheir many and feverall reafons , I might well be thought to be without reafon my fclre. My opinion is ; That taking the ground before the Front , is gaining ground : and that to leave the ground we flood on, to take the ground next behind the Reerc, is lofle of ground : And yet to take either , whereby there is advantage gotten , muft needs be gaining. But where the matter it fclfe isfo indifferent , it were fbndnefle to fpend longer time about it. Where- fore note, That Countermarches were of ancient life amongft the Greekes many hundred of yeercs fince,& from them learned and pra<5lifed,by many other Nations -> and fo flill continued unto this day. But as the Snow-ball by much rowling, becomes the greater : So , in like manner , thefe Counter- marches have received addition in all ages. So that the three originall ones arc now become more then thirty accounting thofe divtfionall. And yet are all of them fathered upon one or other , of the three kinds. Though fome of them will Icarcely be owned or acknowledged ,as you fhall perceive, when I come to lliew them in their feverall places. But amongft all the Motions, this might be the be/t fpared : as being leaft beneficially this our mederne Difctpline. But becaufe that knowledge u no burthen \ and that at fome times they may be ufefull: There- fore no Military Difciptine, or for efirft take the words o& command or dirdiwn, xv hich are as followeth. Intire Countermarches, by file. Caorun. Files < \% £hand countermarch, to the £ left 5 Laccdtmon. Files bright? countermarch, every man turning tothe£left S on the ground he ftands. Macedon. pil e -leaders,f ace 5 right ? the reft parte C right, 7 about to the \k& S through to the I left, £ and place your felues behind your Leaders. Baftard Goon- File- leaders (land 5 the reft S r ig nt ? placing your tcrmarch. paffc through to the cfcft 5 felues before your Leaders. Baft.counc pile-leade rs ftand, the reft 5 right ? placing your paflTe through to the £left 5 felues before your Leaders^ following your Bringers up. U — Br E t o P thf S1*e reft pal* through ,. rh c right? and place your felues before your t° tn< 7Iert £ bringers up. Laccd««aon. Bringers up , ftand : the reft of the Body paffe through c right? placing your felues behinde your to the ftm £ bringers up. Intire Countermarches by Ranks, Cretan er Chorcan, Ke^K Countermarch. LlcedcmOBi * n Ranks^ right? countermarch, every man turning to the 1 left i on the ground he ftands. This Tin young Artillery Man. Ill JiiUil. This right hand file, face to the left : the reft pafle hkc6 through to the right: placing your fclues behind your right hand men. This left hand filejnay face to the right, and do as much. Thfc 5 right? hand file ftand; the reft r ri^hO ** Counter- lIUS ikh S pafte through to the 2 left, S ni ' I or middeft(oi : Center). Ucedcmoou. The out-moft-fileoreach Flanke, face outward: the reft pane through to the right and left 5 pla- cing your fclues bchinde your out -fide men. The out-moft file of each Flanke, face inward: the reft pafte through to the right and left ; placing your fclues bchinde your outfide men. The ouc-moft rile of each flanke, ftand : the reft paffe through to the right and left, and place your felues on the outfide of your outfide men. Interchange your Flanks. Note, what is done by the out mofi files , may be reduced by converting the commAnd to the innermoft files 5 butmuft be done before they have clofed their divifions,8cc. Macedonian* Bift.Cobnccr, The difhnce for Conn ret march is, fixe fjot, or open ord and Chap. XL. ; ■ Of the Chore an Countermarch : and tht i way toperforme it. Could willingly have pnch a Ft- gure^fpr each of theft feveiall e.oun- ' j ter marches , but that they vvill take nptoo much roome. And therefore I will onely fricke fome few of the crin ranke hardcft of them^d for the reft, I will endeavour bywords to make them as facile as I it may : that fo they may be apprehended by themeaneft capafci- tie The young Artillery Man. i T ^ Jw yts Chorea* courv tic And firft I will begin with the (Per fan, Cretan, or) Chorean Countermarch. The word of 'Command or Direction is, /•//«■ wt Atf £/£& AW, Countermarch. This C/^rw/; CtontartMrch, is by fome called the Mote, tb« Modern* L*:intcrmarcb. I conceive their reafonto * ,,f " h rc 1J be becaufethat it is more in ufe than any of the l£3 «»«■ other: Or elfe, for antiquitie, it might claime ma- " J,d ii *" h - ny ages. It is a Countermarch for maintaining ofZ' '" y 't* ground: fovit : vorkethkseffea,onthe famegrLd « ."T itftands ; neither /W/% nor gaining. But ii f/^/1 " ,,c - dcH firrcs the file-leaders, mio the place of the bringers ur^'h up .-and the brwgers up, into the place of the file, leaders: withall turning the afpecJ of the Wy or £W/ Af; do as much to the left : and they will be as they were. ¥or any intire c owner marc h of files, will be ra/#£ft/(ofwhatkinde foevcr)by making another mire countermarch, to what hand foever « cfijfo c3w& cH^fe tR$fo cTHSKs e7eE5 *?WS> eTWfc «7!S& 5w5 ^5 e Chap. X LI. 4f Countermarching to loofe Ground, The Command is. Files to the Right, Countermarch : every man turning after his Leader, on the Ground hejtands. 2.4««d«noeiu£. HB»g-4M His Lacedemonian countermarch, is a Countermarch of loffe of ground-, for *&#-/* /awi> all the ground the Batta- lia formerly did conteine, and in lieu or place thereof taketh the ground behinde the Reert. This Countermarch is to be performed, when the Bodie is upon a/ W. And as the Chorum, turnes the ^f # towards the Reere .The Creekes were wont with this Countermarch, to bring their fiUMaders to oppofe any enemie 3 appearing >m the Recrr. thereby gallantly bearding their ene- mies The young Artillery Man. r j j mies in the teeth .• Jieicher poUtickly maicirtgfhew of flight, whereby to bring xhcetwwe into df array; nor over providently cardfull, or the advantage of ground. The motion of this Countermarch^ is to be . performed asfolloweth. The fie- Leaders of each fie, are to ftep fide w;iycs to the right , and there- withall to face about to.the reere-, and fo march even in ranke together downe betweene the * IntervaKs^ * An iiuerroH no man advancing pfoot forwards , but turning in mbefpaceof like manner after their leaders , when they are paft f w T n d cl c l by them; ""I obferving to keep their due d.Jtance. file, or nnkc And fo a whole rank together, ftill turning off to J^i^ the right, each Rank fucceflively doing the Eke, IntcndeY duf untill the Countermarch be fully performed. Any 'P* ce of wtire countermarch of files y will ra//«* this. But for £^j£ Jh C order fake, take one of the fame fort t o the contra- Acs. ry hand, which is . ^ Files to the left, Countermarch : every man turning after his Leader, on the ground he fiands. I /hall not need to fpeake furt her,concernine this Countermarch of IoflTc of ground to the left, feeing that it differs from the other onely in the alteration of the hand.Thc fubftance and effeifi of both,being one and the fame : onely I will now fpeake to i fe- cund Tort of Countermarch , which is of the feme kinde. The Commandis. JWgC: Lae"kmoBu. 1 1 £ Military Difciplinc, or Bringitsup,face about. to the Right, the reftpajfe through to the Reere, and place your felues before your Bringers up. This Lacedemonian Countermarch doth alfo loofc the ground, whereon it formerly flood , and takes the ground behinde the Reerc, the manner of the motion is as fblloweth: The laft ranke or Bringers up face to the Reere, and ftand : the reft of the Body fa- cing about in like manner ,. and pacing through or betweene their bringers up, and placing themfelues even in ranke before them. The motion is begun,by the ranke, next the bringers #p, andfo continued; fuceeffively.by the reft, untill the Countermarch be ended. It may be reduced , by doing the. fame to the contrary hand \ Nevertheleffe for brevity fake, I will make ufe of a fprigg^/rom the fame bough, and reduce this Lacedemon countermarch , by ano- ther of the fame kinde. The Commandis, Bringers up y ftand, the refi paffe through to the Right, andplaceyourfelues behind your Bringers up. ucedtmoHu*. This Lacedemonian countermarch , is thus to be performed , the laft ranke for bringers up) are to Jfand'y and .the reft of the body, to face to the Reere, andpnffe throigh tothcR/gv^.and place them- felues behinde their bringers up, contrary to the countermarch laft fhowne,where they placed them- felues before. The motion is alfo begun, by the fe- cond ranke from the veere, the reft following fuc- ceffivtly, untill the file-leaders are become the Bringers up : Then face them about aftertheir pro- pcx file-leaders, and they arc reduced. Chap. The young Artillery Man. 1 1 7 Chap. X LII. *of Countermarches to game ground, or the Macedonian Counter -march. The Command is, File- leader fare about to the right she re/lpaffe through . to the right, and place your fehes hchindeyour Leaders. His Macedonian Counter -march, is for Macedonian. gaining ground, for that it leaues the ground, the Battalia formerly flood upon, taking in lieu thereof, the ground next before the front. \i alfo turncs the ajpefi towards the reere. The moti- on of this Counter -march is from the reere to the front, contrary to the Lacedtmon, whofe motion is from the front to the reere : This Ma:edoman Coun- ter-march, makes femblance in the reere of fight, butprefently producethan orderly fettled front, when perhaps the enemy^with a too early purfuit, hath broken the order of their array. The way to performe this Counter -march, accor- ding to the directions formerly given, is as fol- loweth: Xhe file-leaders or frrjl ranke, face about tb the right; the reft of the body pafle throngh,&e- tweenc the Inter miles, Cor diftance of £ks)r o the 1 3 left: j 3 Military Difciplijte, or left: and place themfclves behinde their leaders^ every ranke (beginning with that next the file lea* ders) pafljng through fuccem*vcly,and taking their places, untill the C punter r m arch be fully executed » . It may be reduced as the reft, by doing the fame to the contrary hand, or as I have formerly faid, by any intire counter-march ot'file-,and therefore I will reduce it by another Macedonian counter -march. The command is, as folio weth , , File-leaders face to the Reere, the refi of the body 'fajfe through to the left, following your bringers uf,fla- cmgyourf elves behinde your leaders, iUcfdoniin. This Macedonian counter-march is rather remerr :- bred for its antiquity, then cxcellencie, (as fome more of them be) nevertheleffe if any will be curi ous to obferve the motion, it may be performed as followeth: The firfi ranke (ox -file-leaders) face to the, reere , then the loft ranke begin the counter- . mprch, palling forwarde betweene the Intervalls, the feventh ranke following the eighth, the fixt fol- lowing the feventh, and fo likewue the reft, untill the whole body be transferred, into the ground be- fore the fiont, and then joy ntly togethei^facing to the right about, after their leaders, thecounter mar- the is ended. I?or reducement, obferve this for all ^ that any intire countermarch of file, maybe redu- ced, by another intire counter -march by file, of what kinde, or to what hand foever. Thefe three hft Chapters of counter-mashes, are the originall grounds of all the reft, yet I ihall tfhew The young Artillery Man, up /hew one in the infuing Chapter, which time hath begotten out of the latter two, which takes part with either, being abfolute in neither. ^S^ ^^ ?*S^ ?*2^ i^^: 2^^- c$&* "r®* f^fe*- ?£5^ £^^ ^^S ?£^$ a$ss #&* #&i a$& e$s£ dfc «& tab etffe c7»fe& £$& safc:' s&s Chap. XLIII. 0/j/tf Baftard counter -march. The Command is, Jilc-leadersftand, the reft pajfe through to the right, and place y our ftlves before your Leader. [His patfing through, (or baftard counter- Biftarj march) is partly Macedonian, and partly Counter Lacedemonian-, for firft with the Macedon, it takes the ground before the front, themotionbe- ing from thcrw* forward: it is partly Lacedemoni- an, for that they pafle through, and place them- selves before their Leaders, and for that it makes femblance of. falling on, or charging the enemy : neverthelefle the Macedonian difclaimes it, for that it alters not his aJpecJ ; The Lacedemonian refufeth it, for that it takes the ground before the front, and not that behrnde the reere: or with the Qhorean, ft holds affinitie . And many there be that will not allow it for a countermarch, for indeed the word it felfe will not beare it;notwithftanding feeing that it hath beene long ranged amongfi: them, I will not be he that fhall difplace it, but will pane for- wards, to (hew the manner of the motion, which is 14 c ° 120 Military Difcij>line,ot to be performed as followeth. The fie -leaders ftand, according to the former direction, the reft of the body , advance their armes -, the fecond ranke firft parting. through to the right, and placing themfelves before the firft ranke, the third ranke before the fecond', the fourth before the third, and fo forwards for. the. reft , until! the Jaft ranke (or Inngers uf) are. become the foremoft, which perfects the motion* It may be feverally life- full, as to j&r/w/fagainftan enemy, advancing by way oi.introducJion, or upon occasion, to bring the r eere, men to march in front, and fuch like. . For the reducement ,yo\xmd.y dot, as much to the contrary hand, onely for oflder fake, I will reduce it, by ano- ther like it felfe, . The Command is, , F He- leaders ftand, the reft paffe through to the right > ■plaang your [elves before your Leaders following your bringers up , B*ft.Coufli«», This motion may be done, either to the right or °* rcha left, and is nothing differing from that lajl fhewne; but that, whereas the other, began with the fecond ranke, this contrari wife begins with the loft ranke, (or Iringers up) every ranke fucceflively, following the. ranke, which came. from behinde them, & Reere\ot from both Flanks (or wings:) If between From and Reere % the Midfi muft be betweene the half^file-ieaders^ and the Reere ranke of the Front half ■'files , exten- ding it felfe from Flanke to Flanke: The midfi be- tweene the Flankcs, is betweene the two inmrmofi files ^ continuing the whole depth ; from Front to Reere ; Our firfi Countermarch mail ibe Chorion ? the word of commando* direction is. The young Artittery Man. 127 Chorea*. Countermarch Front andRecrc, into the midft. From. mmmrn ppppppppmmmm tuuiuiiudddddd'dd ujiu mm mmmmppppppppmmmm mmmmpppppppp mm mm tnujujtsdddddddduiujujuj lOUiujUTdddddddduiuiuiUi mmmmppppppppmmm WMjinujddddddddwini« lu Rare, This diviftonall \chort 'an countermarch, brings our File-leaders, and Bringers up together in the midft y and the ranks that were in the midft in the Front & Reere . It is a countermarch mayntayning ground 5 for every man marcheth #/>,into his leaders ground ; before he facet h about to countermarch : The way to performe the Motion, is as followeth. The com- Notc % |hat for Ceuntcr . «4#*/ being given to countermarch, either let the marching Frcnc and Recrein- commander ,. or fome other of the officers , com- «• thc midft » the F^"«-h»if«- mand the half -files, to face about i then the fle-lea- Right, the Rcerc haife Gl*m ders fteppina forwards, with the right legee,* and the Left, which being study rJT. u rr .°t 7 rr J D l ri / obferved, they will a wayes face about to the r/^/,paffing downe the Intervals mcet efC ' n io / the middJ / t on the »vg£* hand, the reft of the Front-halfe- files, theBauaile, where ro me followingthcirZ^, and not («,»„%, wfflJRKViKSi- they lometo the ground, where their Le*dm*tur- ytx doe the Ce.umw-m.rcri * ncd bu * wrong. 128 Military Difcipline, or ned down before them : The bringers up with the Reere-balf-files , at the fameinftant turning downe their Intervales, on the left hand , the reft of their divifion following them , untill the file-leaders and bringers up, meet together in the midft of the Bat- taile ^ind then having faced all to their Leader,the Motion \s performed* For the reducement , of this figure , doing the fame thing over againe , will re- duce it. Or any other divifionatt countermarch of File. ^^ss^ Iift.Countcr, Chap. XLVIII. Of bringing Front and Reere together, into the midftp by the Baftard Countermarch. The Command is. ° File-leaders^nd half-fileadersftand,the reft pajfe thorough to the right, and place your {elves before your Leaders. His Baftard Countermarch , doth bring the Leaders , and bringers M h t0 g et ber, into the midft 7 and Javes two facings , andisquick- lier performed, then the other laft done : or any other in the prece- dent Chapters : The way to per- forms The young Artillery Man. 1 2 $ forme the Motion , is as followeth : Thcfirft ranke * No « * lia * a$ Rands-, and the half -file-leaders ftmd, then thofc J-]"/™ *££ of tKe From -half- files , paffe thorough their Inter- the f^aee of vals to the right , placing themfelves before their * round b * File-leaders : The fecond ranke before the firfi, the iM^'wand' thirdbefore the fecond,the fourth before the f/W; h»lfc.6Ic4ea- The Reere-half files at the fame inftant , doing the £jjl!£; ! \« like, and placing themfelves , before-their * half, the ground be file-leaders, as the other did, before their File-lea- |° r [ < he &<>«'» dp™.- This Mot/on may be either reduced by doing ^"ne Le the fame over againe to the contrary hand, or elfe thcir pHe&are by countermarchingfiont andReere into the midfi^ov 3f!SJu|£ r by any other of the dwifionall countermarches of of tbc Rccrc ^F/tt .The next fhal be a Lacedemonian countermarch, fc *! (e " fi,cs the word of command , or direction, isasfhallbe up'andXp'piy expreft in the enfuing Chapter. their room«. K Chap, b — i 1 — UT DJ i;o Military Difiiplme,ot Chap. X LIX« Of Countermarching to make a. large Intervale be- tween the Jrjt, and loft Ranks. The Command is, File-leaders^ and Bringers up fand, the reft paffe thorough to the right 3 and place your (elves, before your Leaden > and Wringers up. Lacedemonian, 4 3 m m m m m m m m m m m m m m in m Front. P P P P P P PR P P P P P P P mm mm m m m m m m m m I 4 •4". 7 4 3 2 pppppppmmmmi 2 &« 5 c~- 5S- 7 ^ 6 » ^ <% Sin in inindd d d d d d d ui in m tag 7Ujinintaddddddddtuiuujui7 6 in ui in in d. d d d d d d d in in in in 6 5 ui in ui ui d did d d d d in w va a 5 This The young Artillery Man. r 3 1 THis divifionall Lacedemonian Countermarch^ makes feinblance of falling on, or charging, both to the Front and Reere , and leaves all the ground,which was occupied by the Souldiers, which flood betweene tht fiont and reere, transferring . them into the ground, before the front, and bchindc the reere ^ the ground (or place) of their former (binding, being vacant, onely demonftratedin this figure by the pricks. The Motion may be thus per- formed. The Reere- half e-files are commanded to face to the Reere ^ and then the front-halfe-files^ p j/Ic through to the right : placing themlelvcs bn their Leaders j The fecond Rarfke^bcfovc the firfl jdk' third ^before the fecond; the fourth, before the thirds the Reere-halfe-filcs at the fame inftant , pailin ; through to the itor?, after the fame maiinirr ■> and placing themfelues before their trhigirs-jip. Vou may perceive by the/F^m of X umber , placed On the Flanks of the figure of bait ell, both how themen (food, before the Motion began, as alio how and in noplace they ftand, the Motion being ended; For the reducementjf you have nor clofed their djlance, you may y«a? them A/// , and fo letthem pafle a- gainc into their places: Or elfe, by doing the lame if you reduce Countermarch over againe , or to the contrary hand, & - cm }y i0 °' oranyfuch like way, will reduce them. This next nmch.Va^ following Countermarch will alfo reduce them, or c ! ofe xhtlx Ci this will reduce that. Thc»WfortheC0/w#W,or nClQn *' direction is, as you ftiall iiiide it placed, over the front of the figure. K 2 Chap. 132 Military Discipline, or Macedonian, mmm C H A P. L. of making a large lntcrvaUe,betweene thefirfi and I aft ranks, by. the Macedonian Countermarch . His divifionall Macedonian Coun. termarch, is little different from that, next before it , onely the other, turned the AJpecl outward, to the front, andReere 5 this Coun* termarch turnes the Afpefif in- wards, towards the midfi. It may be ufefuiyf the Commander would fhew,or publifh ought, before his beft Souldiers, for that it not onely leaves a large difiance, but that it brings the beft Souldiers into the midfr , with their Afpecls di- re<5ted inwards : It may alio ferue , to condutt any great perfonage , croffe the length of your battel^ whereby to mew them, the braverie of your Soul • diers, &c. The fgure folio weth. This The young Artillery Man, j ^ The Command is, • -File- leaders face about, Bringcrs up fland, the rcfl paffe through to the Right, andplace yourfelnes behind: your fie -leaders and Bringcrs up. Front. 4UiuiuiuidddddddduJUi 011114 3 ui ui ui ur d d d d d d d d ui m tu lu 3 2 ui ui ui ui d d d d d d d d iu iu ui lu 2 iuiuiuiuidddddddduiiuiLiiu 1 -4* \ \ . '. \ \ \ \ . '. \ . '. '. . . c ^3 K ^ . . . •^ ^ t SmmmmppppppppmmmmS 7 m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m 7 6 m m m m p p p p . p p p p m m 111 m 6 5 m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m % Reere, ' This motion may be thus performed : The firjt ranke (ovfle-leaders)face about the loft rankeflands, the Reere -halflc-filcs^ face about, and fo the front -di- vifionjpSfe fbrwards,and place themfeJues behind Noretbat when tbc the file-leaders, the reere-halfe-files , behinde their K ,"' c h ? u L fi !5* fac€ Bnngersup. The manner, you may perceive the which *• the bring, plainer, it' you note the jigures, o£ number, which trsupwcftUJc^ep are placed, on the flanks ofthefyure, their number tl4Cir ftandin s- K 3 (hewing 134 Military Difcipline, or (hewing the places, they had,from the from, before the motion began. T\i\s fgure may be rediicedxither by the fame word of command, which produced it, erelfebyanyof the foregoing d.vifionall counter- marches. Our next, (hall be a counter march of ex- change of ground. The words for command,ot dire clion, are as folio weth. Chap. LI. of Interchanging Ground J The Command is, JFront-halfe-flesy interchange ground with the Reere y m fafing through to the Right. Maft. Countermarch. in Motion. Front. mmmmppppppppmmmmj mmm mp pppppppm mm m 6 l hi tu in uidd d d d d d d w ui in ni m mmmppppppppmmmm7 ; ui in w ui ddd ddddd m in tu tu m in m m p p p p p ppp m m m m$ Sinuiuiiuddddddddtnuiin uj > tu in - hi uj d dd ddd d d uj uj uj ui . * ... *< • ••'.*• . * . t Rtere. This The young Artillery Man. This Bafiard Countermarch, may not rightly be faid, to be derived from any one of the particular grounds of 'Countermarch >$ but rather, participating of them all : And yet confidering it,as it is to be, it is different'from them all .• for whereas the other countermarches y of files in divifion , although they bring the Front and Recrc into the middefl , yet the fir ont-halfe files continue mil, on the fame part, and the Recre halfe files do not alter into the places of the other. But this, contrary to any other, of the divifionall countermarches \ trans ferres the front -halfe- files into the ground^ or place of the Recr e -halfe- files y and them, into the contrary part, bringing the file-lea ders, andbnngcrs up, together into the midfl. The way to performc this Motion, is as fblloweth.The/r,of "the f >ont-halfe files) betweene the Intervalles towards the recrc : The Reere-halfefiks at the fame inftant in like manner marching forwards , betweene the Intervalles on their right hands into the Front ^uniiM the Front-di. vifion, have attained the places of the Rcere , and they contrariwif e, die places of the Front. For the reducement of this countermarch ,.do as much backc agarne ; Or if you would reduce it fome other way, you may firft make an intire countermarch of files, and then countermarch front ,and reerc, into the midft$ for under two countermarches ,it will not be reduced. Now I will paflfe, to (hew dcvifionalt countermarches of Ranks, or Flanks ; The firft fhallbe Chore m, as in the Chapter following. K 4 Cha». l%6 Military Difcipline, or -; \n. Chap. LII/ of counter -marching the flanks {or wings) into the midfl of the BattelL The Command is, Countermarch your flanks into themdjt. Front. 9 B - ■- cu *i;Br ** 3 .- 3 I Cm Cu Cu . . °- 3 3 3" 3- 1 ..£ Cu Cu Cu- . . . Mi *° 3 S-; b- 5 ^ Cu Cu CU • . . • •£^. ^3 3'- 3- 3\ ^ ' Cm Cu; Cu \ . , . . • *« 3 B 3- 3- Cu . Cm Cu. .. • . • •« . 3 3, 3; 3-. Cu Cu Cu*. • o • •o , 9 ■ 3 : : .B a 3 CU Cu Cu * * 3 ■ '8 3 3:- 8 : 6 s s s ,£- ^ a s e ** s - s. s. j§, . *CT - Cu ZJ. S ■ S ■' c e • § • -• • ■• • • -o ;j ' r* fi, 6 6 S cu o • • . s B -.' B ■" 6 S i >°* . . ,-.. . . -o- no - ^ S . S 6 B °- - . .. . . . . tj *T3 . -a B, 6 £ .6 . a,... His Chowan ceunur-maych of the \ flanks into {he midfl^is of ordinary ^ ufe, when the Commander would have the , outermoft flies, to. be- come the innermoft : the nt$tionxo be,Cv performed on the fame ground, 7 he young Artillery Man. $37 ground, and is as followcth. The command being given, the whole body faceth to the right and left, by N r otc that n divifion-, the outer mofi files, by this facing, becowm/ng on the Couu- rankes, every man in the right hand file, being a lea. """"filing dcr in his halfe ranke ple-ivje, ana Jo tikavije in the ibcmidn.thc ' <:ft hand file the fame, then they countermarch the "S ht fl,ntc r'ghtflanketotherigkjbeleftflanktotheleft, which 2™Z™« you muft alvvaies obferve to doe, and your flan - to the rh.br, quers will meet juft in the midfi of your Battalia. Jo^f^^'Jlor Laffly, having/anthem to their frfi. front, the tfther&ooti counter -march is ended. both turnc < tf To reduce them, they may either ufe the fame .[hcy , wiin!ler Counter-march againe, or any of thefe following meet tight i- divifionall countermarches of 'flankes, (unlefVc it bee [^{^"'"hY 8 thztof interchangwgotgxound.) The next fh ill be Mr, it will be Lacedemonian, the Command, or words of dire&i- « bad « on, are, as in the Chapter following.. CBap, i 3 8 Military Difeifli»e,ot Chap. LIU. of Countermarching, to take the ground before the flanks. The Command is, The outermoft file of each flanke, face outward, the reft fajfe through to the right and left, placing your fehes before your out-fide men. ucaemonian. Front. '$• 15 14 M 12" 1098 7 6 5 4 3 S - B ?B r £ 5 CU - ft* • g eu cu o* *e " a s . i| - S cu Cu Cu *s ^ S £ I g *, 0* cu § S g S £ 6 o* °- o, see.. g o- a, g^ s e e . s m Cu a. cu a* cu q< T3 *0 3-3- t»« *©* 3 >o 3 ^ 3 3 9 3 3 3* 3 3 3 3 d 9 3 na ^3 3 Br A. 3 rrt 33 5 o 3 £■ 3 c/3" 3 ? 3? JtafAr,. This The young Artillery Man. 139 j His Lacedemonian Countermarch •of ' halfe ranks or flanks , teaks* ^fewblancc of charging on , upon ^both flanks, but leaves anufta'r -fiance of ground ', unoccupied be b tweene the two outmoft- files , or jtmidfl of the battctl. The way to perfbrmc this Motion is as followeth. The right- hand-file faceth to the right, the left -hand-file to the left; the reft of the body faceth to the right and left, the right flanke palling through to the right , and placing themfelues, before their right-hand-men. Thcfecondfile from the right, begins the Motion on the right-flankc 5 the leftflankc in like manner, pal- ling through to the left y zx\& placing themfelues be- fore their left-hand-men-, thcfecondfile accounting, from the left, begins the Motion on the left-flanke: But you muft-note,that the files become ranks with the facing. For the reduccment of this figure, if you will firfl face them, to their proper front, you may then com- mand the two inmofi-filesfland, the refipa/fe through to the right, and left inward, and take their places : Oi if you pleafe, make ufe, either ofaCborean y or a Macedonian Countermarch of Ranks by divifion, and with a facing, and cloftng their divifiom , they will ke perfectly reduced, C HA". 140 Military Difciplme, or Chap. LIV. of Countermarching to take the ground on the out fide of the Flanks, and to direct their AfpecJs inwards. The Command is, Macedonian* The otitmojl fie of each Flankeface inward, the reft pajfe through to the Right, and Left, placing your f elites behinde your outfide men. Front. 16 15 14 13 1* nio9 8 7. * 5 4 3 z 1 b s a .- * . . g g g g a.' o- o- ^3*0^33 ■ S e s . . s g g go-a^a, *0 *0 T3 3 g s e -.-.,..... . .... g , a g 1 | s s s ' ' ' ' ' ' . \ 2 3 b •/ \* ' fag 3 3 33*o'o , o'o 5. a* a. e- a, £ 5 S S '•'••• f*. SSSB'o'O'o'o 2V o, . cu o- cu fi fi fi S ■.*■•.•••-■ * 3 3 3 3 *o ^ ^ ^ J Reere. This Thcywng Artillery t: | His ex 'changing of Flanks, or BajUrd L Countermarch, is differing from ail the other divifionallCoiintcrmarche, of Ranks? for this trans ferret the right -jiankc into the place ofthe (:'. ^ndd^left^flanke, into the place o^" the right. It i - very apt, for to receive a fudden charge, trom the horfe, for as fooneas they iliali be commanded r« i interchange their flanks, they face to the /v^yfo, and left inward, and then the tnnerwofl. files ofthe f/£fj begin the Motion ; the reft of eacJ \flankc fqllowing orderly file -wife, the pikes porting Jo foone as they begin to ww, and flfarc as they iee occjfion : If ^ p!«rlv *,» need be, the pikes may charge at the foot, the -A/a/ 1 - may paff< the tenters giving/*?, over their jfoMrs . Ifanyob- fj^J^'nd je&, that the^Pikes have too large a d'jhnee, they ktihfun* may clofe at their ownepleafures,a$ fooneas they ke!ticr> fl - ,nd * have paft through. ^V For the redueemmt ,you may, it you pkafc,/;^- d their kindes, andufes with their fever all . words of Command. He next Branch fp ringing from this root of Difcipline, are wheelings; which are of two kindes, viz,, whee- lings Angular, and wheelings onth* . Center, 2$ alfothey are to be con- ceived, in manner of atlion, either int ire or divifionall: the ufe otintire wheelings, is to turne the afpett of the front proper ; to the right, to the left, or reere; either for the gaming of the Winde, Simne, orfomefuchlike advantage-., or to confront the enemy with their hefl fonldiers •'. Moll: of the divifionall \ wheelings being indeed more properly doublings, zi- ther extending the length, or depth of the Battell : notwithftanding,becaufe I wold not be taxed with innovation, or alteration, I have,according unto the ufuall received way, placed them amongft the wheelings; and now I will mew their words of command, or dire&ion. But before I enter upon Wo«e that *he them, give me leave to lay downe an obfervation aftance for or tw o 5 for the better inftru<5tion of the Souldiers ougbiwbe in their wheelings . The firft is, That before you enter three loot upon your wheelings y you dofe both Rankes and Files to RankfaU their order ^ whit his thru foot 3 both in ranke and file .\ FHc The The young Artillery Man. 149 The other, that upon all wheelings, you mufi befure,to obferveyonr leader , and follow hint, keepngyour due diftance^your Muskettiers being all, either poy zed, or Jhouldcred: your Pikes ought to be advanced. The words of Commands, are as followcth. 'Right, Left, Wheele your Left Battell to the S Right, Left. Right? , p ^ > about, about on the fame grounds Right r ,Lefc Toff your Front by diviHon. your Front inward to the Recre. Wheele< Front and Reerc $ Right > ,, , into the ihdt S flanke ' i your flankesinto C Front, the l Reere, Note that upj thctxeicift of the motion 1 wheth.r it be Jiftoncr, fa- cing«, di>ub» ling^Coua' termarchct, or wl\celingt t the Muskettiers ought to be)]] Dpon one and the Time po> dure either po.'acd or lhouidered-'tht piket in like manner either fii'juldcrrd or adranccd. both flankes into the front and reere. (your front and reere into both flanks. Obferve that the firftfoure wheelings are angu- lar, the next foure are wheelings on the center, ot more properly, on the midft of the front. But all the firft eight be intire, the latter eight, are o\\di- vifwnall.You may alfo obferve,that every follow- ing wheeling is a reducement untothat,which is pla- ced next before it, and the wheeling next before,, may reduce that next following : as to wheele your flankes into the fiont, if you wheels -you ^^f^; into | t^c reere, it \% reduced^ or to wheele front andretre into both flankestf you wheele both flaxkes into the L 3 font 150 Military Difciplinc, or font mdreere, they arc likewife reduced, as before . For the loft eight wheelings, which are /,eve- ry man, the more his place is remote from the right Angle,the more fwift muft be his motien^bc- caufe his arch-quadrant, or femi -circle, is la rger in proportion: wherefore it muft be the difcretion of" the officers, fotoinftrud their Souldiers, that when they tvhe cle to any hand, they may fo moderate their motion, that they on the contrary flanke, be not forced to runnc, but fo orderly to containe themfelves, that they may (till preferve an order- ly and even front .For there due ement, wheele your N ° tc r ' ie di ' Battailetothe/tyr. in the like manner, as it was gu u r nhte- wheeled to the right , nevertheleffe you muft then »"£»• note,that it will not bring you backe into the fame ground you formerly ftood on; for it hath advtn- cedyou, the length of your Battalia, before the place of your firjl front . But if you would be redu- 2 ced into the fame place, or plot you firft ftood onj then face your Battailetothejv^r, and being fo faced, wheele your Battaile to the left, which be- ing performed,/*^ to the left, and then they are com xAzatly reduced, both forajpett and place. The next Command is, Wheele your Battaile to the right about , This is alfo zrxanguler wheelings and trans ferns 3 the aJpeeJ of 'the front, trover, towards the reert : It ilto be performed mtnc fame manner, as the wheeling to the right was j onely the motion is twice fo much; Wherefore there ought to be the more care had,that foihe moth* may be orderly perfor- in 4 nied : 1 5 2 1 Military Difcipline, or ing med: by fo much as every man is nearer, or fur- wbetjiog to tntr °^5 ^ rom tnc r/ £^ f ^w m an, ky f° much the thenghcabout more fwifier ox flower muft he continue his motion, duced° b bC ^ tnat ^° ^ e ma y ^ Ure ' t0 ^ ee P e N 1 ^-* CVen * n ra *k* wheeling back with his right hand man. This motion being thus a^inetothc performed, your Battaile will be removed from !mo ab h°e Ut jin J 1 e lts former/4f/w,taking m lieu thereof,the ground ground.if the Diagonally oppofite in the right Angle . wheeling be -j reduce thefe to their former affect; wheele wiifbeTwife C y°ur Battell to the left about, notwithftanding the ihc length of ground you formerly did poflefTe, will be twice lHovcT'd 1 "e the len g th of y° ur Battflle t0 the le f*> of y° ur u fi right of your flanke, if you would reduce them, as well to their inT ,crftand i\ri\ ground, 2ls their mHaJpecl; face them to the right, and then wheele them to the left about, which being done, face them to the left, and they are perfectly reduced, as at firft. Chap. LIX. of wheeling o» the Center. The Command is, . Wheele your Battell to the right, on the fame ground. >His wheeling, is by fome called a wheeling • on the Center: by others, ^wheeling on tfy _J fame ground.! cannot abfolutely maintain it to be either, for that it onely wheeles about the midftofthefrfiranke. Neither may it rightly bee * " tur- The young Artillery Man* 153 termed a. wheeling on the fame ground, becaufeir Io- feth \. o£xhc ground it formerly ftood upon. This wheeling is quicker perfoimed, then the angulcr wheelings: and may be done in farre leflTe ground. For the left flanke advanceth forward, (till whee- ling to the right, the right flanke contrariwife, fa- cing to the left-, and fo tailing backward. It' you have an odde file, then the middle fie- leader muft be the center or axel/tree of the motion^ if you have an even number of files, then the miadlemoft file- leader from the left. But ify our wheeling be to the left, then the contrary. This by fome is called the Prince of Oranges wheeling. For the reducement, wheele your Battell to the left, on the fame ground: and they are reduced as at firft. Our next Com- mand is, to Wheele your Battaile to the right about, on the fame ground. This wheeling is alfo a wheeling on the center, or midjl of the front .•• and transfers the afpe<5fc of the from proper, towards the reere, removing the Bat- taile from the ground whereon it formerly flood, and placing it on the ground before thefiont. It is performed after the fame manner, as the laft: one- ly the motion is double fo much as the other.In this motion, on the left flanke, every man is to obferve his right hand man-, and the right flanke muft keepe even and ftraight after their left hand man , which become their leaders file-wife , untill they have attained their ground: after which, they face as before .• making an evenfront. For 154 Military BifiifkiK) or Pot the rcdttcemem, vthecle your JJaitaiie t0 tae i e ft dbm^ upon the fame ground; and they will here- dtxedzs at firft. I will next mew the divfiomll wheelings , and intend to giue to each of them his figure: whereby they may appearc the moreeafie to fuch as doe not yet rightly underftand them. The firft (hall be a wheeling off by divifion: as in the next Chapter. °* ♦ XL * S S r **i -4 B- " f t j «Tl* Chap. L X, OfwfoeUngtff, by divifion. The Command is, Wheeleoff your front by divifion. Firfi Front. -4 * * * *A * - * * * 5 ** ^ n* rt,n\?VP Putin. Rem* ? This Theywng AHiUtry Man. g$y THis ivhtelnigoff, by divifim in greater bodies, may be ufctull ro meete feverall wcmirs at one and the fame time, with the front of your Battalia: and fo confequently with your beft Souldiers.But if you will wkcele of your Sattaile by diV,fion,md ipyne them againe when they be in the >w*;then it brings all your Muskemers from the flankes to the midjl of your Battaliarand your Pikes on the ota fide ox flankes. Ifauy queftion the depth of the number oi this figure, T have doubled files to make the fig-ire more perlecl. The way to perform tLis^f'/;^. iseafie; for all the file-leaders of the right fiarikt , -ileelc about to the right: the reft of each fletoilov ing their leaders : the file- leaders alfo of the leftflanke, wheeling about to the left, in the fame manner; and thewjoyne or clofe their divifions .This being done, if you would then reduce them, mheele '■■ themoffagaine by divifion^ftci the fame manner* and they will be as before. But if you would- doc it fome other way, make ufe of this rvheelingncxt following : which will-alfb bring them as they / were . Tlie word of Command or direction fol- loweth, as in the next Chapter. 156 Military Discipline, or £-t ra n. ft ftAft n. ft A A n ft at* JKygP- A A nn. ft£* Chap. LXI. of wheeling the Front inward, towards the Rccrc. The Command is, Wheeleyour Front inward to the Reere. The Front. C '4U04J 3qs &at fttfz THis divifiomllwheeling of pur front inwards to the reere, is here placed as a reducement unto the other foregoing wheelings: and fo it brings the Muskettiers to mcflankes againe. But if you will doe it, the Company being firft redu- ced; then it brings the Pikes to tne fankes. Some fay it may be good, if you be annoy d with horfe'm the Reere y upon a march % and that you have gained iornc The young Artillery Man . x 5* feme fide of a hill or other place of advantage . then to wheele your front inward 'to the Jieerc , to the ^f^J will make mew ofdisbandomng ox flight. But contrariwiie,you w^f/» toward him with a fettled and orderly body: your Muskettiers being all in the midfi, and fo firing upon their ot Chap. L X 1 1. Of bringing the Flanks into the Front oftheBatteH. The Command is, Wkeeleyour Flanks into the Front. Front. ' *.** Keerc. | ^Wings/P u ^ Front, r)Front V s jBarrell, Front f § JMidft, Front ^ '" ^Centc. Rccfc-^ ^- Flanks The young Artillery Mart. rTi His divifion all wheeling of the Flanks into the Fronts is, pro- perly , a doubling performed by whcclmg. It brings nil your Mmketticrs , fioni the flankss into tbicjhritti So that whereas this fodic^hd'oiv, could do ex- ecution, but with 8. Miisket- tiers at once; by this Motion they may powrc on i6.flot together. If they were deeper before the Mo. uon. began, then it would bring the more hands to imployment. If upon fome pa/ft, you mould be dialed in the Recre by horfe ;by this motion of wheel- ing your flanks into the front, you not onely fecure your Mmkcttiers^ but alfo bamcado up the paile with youx pikes; if it be not above fifty foot over. Some call this,a wheeling on the center. ,-becaufe they wheele about -the middle-men of the front. But I rather conceive it an angular \ becaufe upon thefirftj/^- t ion of dividing , every divifwn whceleth about his owne ^^/^, until 1 the outmofl-file-leaders "of each flanke, meet together in the a?/^. You may per- ceive how, by thejfjgwrx of number , where the {7- g//r? i. meets the number 16: i with 1 5, 3 with 14. and fo for all the reft. Then being faced to their leader , every two files that met being now joyned, make one ranke. There muft be the like order and decorum kept, in the motion of wheeling ezchflanke: as I fhewed in the inftru&ion of inure angular whee lings. For reducement of this Motion, wheele your flanks into the Reere. Or elfe foure times the fame,as I have fecne iome dor ahhough fomewhat the fur- ther 1 60 Military &ipflin$i&* the? way about. Divers men are diverfly. opinio- nated; concerning the bell word o£ Commando? di- rection, for this Motion, Thefe I have known ufe4 which I have placed in the Margent, by the figure. And if any man like one better then the other^oe it at his owne choice, either to ufe or rcfufey while 1 pafle to ftew the nex£ wheeling. Vvtt Ac* The young Artillery Man. i6x $#^^$H£4 , ^M^$ i|£ Chap, LXIII. Of whetting the Reere into the midfi. of the Zmcll The Command is, Wheek your Flwks into theRecr* The Direction is Face a/Uhout to the Right, firfi Front, H«nk«, ■» ♦ ' 1 x v&; -V t£ fc ^>\% b *##\\v . • • • # ♦ * if "»»• [theltft V ( Fl«iik«. WbH,, Ybe right/" the < Reere. FIink«V . /Midft. V f . » t t t • t ■ • • • ■ • • t t • • .« * J This the young Artillery Man. 1 6 J His diviftonall wheeling of the Front and Reere, into the right -flanker, doth Net*. *!>« if ihe ■ quadruple xht depth : as may appearc '"£{ b <>*>*«' bWVi by this y^*^ 5 which before the Mo- dtyvmAfth^* in ^Ka*n#r-«"" //^ began , contained but */>>&* in this figure thmiWi *pA, But this whaling being perfected, makes £&£&£* tflem^. namely, if you dire«?of thefc///?.i4<. ppppppppmmmmmmmm &%\%\%%y ■ •■■•■■■■ ppppppppmmmmmmmm^ }&%\\%& -■■■■■... ..^ppppppppmmmmmmmmo!; \*fc^fcX ■ ■ ■• ■■»■ ••■ ■^ppppppppmmmmmmmm^' ^5g^ I • > . ■ ■ ■ • ■ • • • ■ ■■ ■■^ppppppppmmmmmmmm^. ^■■■" •■ 5* J J f J J \\ ^^ppppppppmmmmmmmm g^ ^/jf^i • ■ '■• ' ■ ' * ' -^PPPPPPPP 11101111 " 101111111 " 1 ^ wJfr£ $ fffrt? ■■■»•»■•• ppppppppmmmmmmmm M 4 this ! 6 S Military Difcipline y or His divifionall wheeling, of the Front and Reere into the left- flanke, is, in like manner, a don- . bltngof the depth. For the nature of the Motion^ it is altogether like unto the wheeling next be- fore : differing onely in the flanker and after that the body is faced 'to the/^r,the ^heeling is to be performed , as wheeling the flanks into thc/vwtf .But by reafon that before the Motion began, all the Mmkettiers were on the right-flanke: by this wheeling, they are brought to the front and mr to face to the left -,and to paffe through to their places. Laftly,do but clofe them to their due diflance, in r *> fr * \ ^ & & y6 v6 ,/6 £*& 9* •^.y^^c^ $► <** . •o Reer e- ^ > %a % ^ > .^ The young ArtHUfj Man. iy$ THis dsvifionall wheeling o£ the front and recre into both flankes, may aifo be termed a doubling of the depth: by reaibn diac fiftm 8 e/^tf, it maketh them ^//£/e numbers, by tfiis «wf/>#,thc Muskettters which before w ire flanker.^ a re now transferred into the w/^/, benvcencthc; /' laske as little from thee for mypaine. if thou the diftances doft well per ufe, The fever all facings and the doublings too, The Counter. marches which ofcourfe enfues, Andthen our wheelings which we laftly doe. Thefe being prac7/s'd> learn 'd, and underftood, if he benefit turnes to thy Countries good, Thefe, like the vowels, are in number five, With which we fpcll all words that canfa mnid: So with thefe motions m Mfotmetimtrivt, And from thefe gwwds } at a/lour figures jram'd. rhm — — ■ -■■— - ■ — ^ — — ■■» i i — ■— mm— —— ^m Tkyvuwg Artillery Ma». i 7 5 Then frame thoti no excufe, but learn to know them, Andwitkasjtee *n hfart #r Jtiocjberv them. Now next of all J jhouldfome firings jhow , But left perhaps I hold you over long, J thinke itfitjbmt rejpite to befiow, Left that our Souldiers thinke J doe them wrong. So pie aft the Reader but topaufe the whiles. And fee our Leaders exercife their files. For now each Leader isfo courteous growne, Be fir. ves to bring another to his place. But they as ntodefily would keepe their owne, And each prefers his follower to the (Trace. Soplc.ijcyon then but winke at tie d/grefsion, And you ft ill fee each Leader by fuccefsion. Chap, Military J)ifcifline,ot Chap. L XV III. of making men file-leaders fuccefiively , the files being eight deepe. iN the making every man mfile 3 fHC- \cepvely leader accoiding to their ^rftfianding .• may as well and eafi* Jy be done in great Mies, as byfw- >gle files. Yea and with the fame words of Command and dtreftion,as you may per. ceive by the Table^ where the figures of number fhew the fucceflion of each mans leading. The words of Command which produce each leader.* being placed in the Columes beneath. In the Hrft Colume of the Tabic, the file ftands as at firfts with iiis f roper file4eader in front .• each man having his rig* place* The reft of the files, demonftrating the places of the men 5 according to zhdtfianding ^upon the making of every leverall file-leader* The Com jtands are figures, which produce the like leaders The The young Artillery Mm. 177 Thefront of each file ^ at they come to be File r leaders ; fuccefively . 6 _ .4 5 2 1 8 __8 f 7 2 I 1 5f y 8 5 1 2 5 4-V __7 6 8 6 7 1 The fever all words of Command^ w hich produce each 'File-leader. This 1 7 S Military Difcipline, or The firft, arc the prefer leaders of the file's. For co make the fecond leade y if there be but one file', then fileranke two to the right t if there be movefiles, thznrankes to the right, double, and files to the right, double. By which meanes, the fecond man is become leader of 'his file : every man being drfpo- fed, as you may perceive by that fie, whofe leader is the figure of 2 * To make him that was the third man, Leader, let file-leaders , and half e -file leaders ft and: & the reft pafle through to the right, & place themfelves before their leaders. Thus will the file ftand like that, led by the figure of 3 . For to make him that was the fourth man leader; Rankes to the left, double; and )f/mo the left, double : whereby the file will ftand like that> ledby the figure of 4. For to makehim that was the fift man, leader, let thefirfi ranke ftand; the reft pafle through to the right, and place themfelves before their leaders .-by which meanes the file will ftand like thztjed by the figure 5. For to make him that was the fixt man, leader; double your rankes to the left, and files, to the left, doubld: and then thefile will ftand, like thefile led by the figure of 6. Fortamake him that was the feventh man, leader of thefile; Coun, termarch front and reere into the midft, and face them to the former front: whereby thefile will ftand like thatledbythej^«reof7. For to make him that was the eighth man,.leade thefikiranks to the left, double; and files to the left, double; and thefile vrill ftand like that, led by the figure of 8. For to reduce Theymng Artillery Han, reduce them, cau'fe the firft ranke to fland; the reft to Advance forwards to the ng&t* placing them- felves before their leaders. 119 Chap. LXIX. ' Of making men file-leader s,fuccefitvely : the files being but fixe deepe. ►Ome will be inquifitive to know for what ufe the making of leaders by fa. cefion, fcrvethf or whether it be not ameere Curiofity < to which I thus anfwer.That it is not onlypfat- fant, but profitable.? leaf ant to the lea- der o£afle ; who having fufficiently exercifed his file in Pofttres, to give fome time of refpite, or delectation, for the^recreating of their almoft ty- red fpirits, brings each man, fucccfsively^ to leadc the file by proper words of Command. And laftly, re~ dttceth each man to his former fiandtng. It mud needs be profitable and much available in <#/«- flim, when the skilfull Commander can thereby (with muchcafej change and interchange : brino whatr4#fo/ hcpleafeth to lead in front-, and ex- change them afterwards for othersj yca,and laftly, athisowne pleafure, bring the proper file-leaders N * againe I go Military Dtfeif toe, or againc into their places. This following table, fhewes each mans ieveralty/4^ as they ftandj ftill being altered > according to their various Leaders, By the figures of number (which are placed over the heads of thofe Columcs, wherein arc writ the words of Command) under ftand that thofe words under the figure of 2. are to make the ye- cond mm, file-leader* Thofe mrds y under the figure of 3 . make the third mm^ leader. And fo forward for the reft. . Chap* ■ Theyoung Artillery Man. The front of each flc, as they come to be Leaders, 181 6 5 3 4 2 5 6 i 6 2 I _5 _* 5 6 3 4 _4 i 2 2 I The w$rds of Command , which produce each feverall Leader. j g 2 Military D ij cipline, or The/JW? ^, is the leader of the jffc. For to make the fceond man, leader; Command, file .ranke, trvo to the left. If there be movefiles then one; ranks to the left, double; and files to the left, double-, which makes the fecond man, leader; every man in the file being difpofed, as you may perceive by that//*, led by the figure of 2. For to make him that was the third man, leader; command halfe files, double the front to the right , and files to the right, double; by which meanes, the file will ftand like that, ledby the figure of 3. For to make him that was the fourth man, leader: Facetothe reere, and thenhee leads. But if you will keepe the fame front; com- mand thefirft ranke to ftand, the reft to paffe through to the left .-placing your felves before your leaders. Thus will the file ftand like that, led by the figure of 4. For to make the fift man, leader : command, rankes to the right, double; and fibs to double their depthtotherightintire: by which meanes thefile willftandlikethat,ledbythe figureof*. For to make the fixttnan, file-leader: caife rankes to the left, double; and files to the left, double; and then thefile ml ftand like that,led by the figure of £,For to reduce them, there needs no more but face to the reere: notwithstanding if you would have the front the fame way, the Command \s,thefirfi ranki ftand; the reft paffe forwards to the r\gbt: plating your felves before your leaders. For The young Artillery Man. For to make fixe men, fuccefsively leaders, by fixe moras of Command, be fides Facings. The firft is leader; for the fecond f\\c,Ranke 2 .to the left, and files to the left, double. For the third, Countermarch front andreere into thewdft t and face to that fart which was the reere. For the fourth, face about to the right. For the fift, countermarch front and reere into the midfi, and face to that which was the reere. For the (ixt, ranke two to the right; and files to the right, double if ace them about, and thcy m are rc~ ducea. is? Chap. LXX. Of drawing the Files againeinto a Body: and preparing themforaskirmijh, Y this time (me thinkes) 1 heare the Drums beat a Call: which fummons cachfile-lcader to his place : every man obferving his order, both in ranke 2nd fie. The Officers having "taken their due places; the Captaine and Enfigne in the front of Pikes, the Lievetenant in the reere; the Serjeant on the flanks, the Drums on the front and reere Angle sot the Pikes : as you may perceive by the fquare figure next following, N 4 Now 1 84 Military Difcipltne, or Now the Drums beat a march, the Enfigne flying at the head ef the Pikes ; the Pikes and Muskets moul- dered, marching at their dijlance border m file, at 0M# order in r^»^ .• prefently byafigne from the Captaine,the Drums beat a preparative: the Enfigne furl-up , retiring into the w/^ betweene the Pikes; the Pikes advance, thtrankes clofe forwards to their orders the Muskettiers makes ready,and every man prepares hirafelfe for Battell or Skirmijh. And here the Eyes of the Drum muft be very vigilant, to ob« fe rve his Captaine or Commander -> that by the leaflr J%#e, either of his hand, leading-ftaffe, or whatfbV ever elfe he carries, hee may either continue his charge , retreat, or elfe r&wg* ^0/#f .• and every Soul- dier ought to be fo well trayned and pra£ifed,that in the time of Battell, he may receive ample inftru- dions from the found of the Drum, The Body drawne.intQ afquare: with the officers in their places.. Front. C Sr. E Sr. m m m m I>p p p p p p p pD m hi m m j m m m m p p p p-pp p p m m m m mm mm ppppPPPp mmmm mmmm pppPPPPP mmmm mmmm pppPPPPP mmmm mmmm p p p ,p p p p p mmmm mmmm pp pppppp mmmm Sr, m m m m D p p p p p p P pD m m m m Sr v Reere* Thus The young Artillery Man . j g 5 Thus many Officers may feme for a larger Com. pany, if the faultier* be expert and skilful! : and ro tjic contrary, they are all too few, if they be raw and unexperienced. I have feene fome Companies , which have been Co abfolutely ignorant, that each man would have needed an officer, to have kept him orderly in his place. NeverthelefTe I make no doubt, but that by the carefull pverfighc of the Lord Lieutenants, the good afliftance of their De- puties, and the diligence of the Captains, and thcir Orficers, this fault will quickly be amended. And this might cafily enough be done, if that thofe which are owners of Armes, would but meet one houre or two in a fortnight (at their bell: leifures) and praclife the pofiures of the Pike &Mwket firft, and the motions, and firings, when they are more expert. If any mall objeft , That however this may be done in Townes and Cities, yet it cannot be in the Countrey Villages. I anfwer, That if they meete not above foure, fixe, or eight in a place^al- though they have no officer to initnufi them, yet by conferring, and trying, and often pra&ifing, they will begin to carry their Atmes with more eafe; and to ufe them with more delight. Neither need they to be altogether ignorant, feeing there are divers printed portraitures of the pofiures of each Armes: as alfo &wfo, whereby they may have very ample inftru&ion. By which having attained fome little skill; they will not be contented, untill they have better improved it by the inftruction of their officers ; after which they will proue better proficients in one houre, then as they were before,,, in a yeare. ' Chap. iS6 Military Vifcipline ,or Illliliii Chap. LXXI. offringby fir lome files. The manner, and ufe. ( Efore I enter uponformes zndfigures o?Battel,be pleafedto obferve with me, that all firings, are either direct or oblique: notwithstanding that the i formes are full enough o£varietie y occafiohed (moft times )by the /tax- ation of the place -> the order of the enemy, and the number of men : with other Politicall observations, for the gaining ofmnde and Sunne. "For the manner off rings, they are fometimes «^?/4flff?0gagainft an i0f#?y : fometimes receiving the enemies charge ^ up- on zftand; or elfe retreiting. Otherwhiles,we£*i/tf /Win the Reere, marching hovcv the Enemy : or in Flanke, marching by an arc/py : and it may fo fall out, that the ?#ft»y may r^wge in feverall places at once; as in Front, and ifctrij or in Front, Reere y and Flanke. Of which particulars,! will feverally treat, defiring to give content to alI,not making the leaft queftion but that benefit may accrue unto fome. And therefore hoping that the courteous and beft qualified, will accept of my good meaning ; and not refufe my cates 5 although prefented unto them in earthen veffels .-whereby I mail be induced with more willingneffe, to proceed in my intended dif- courfes, fo you be pleafed to favour me with your better The young Artillery Man. 187 better opinions', neither rafhly condemning me of prodigalitie, for eHterp riling a worke of fuch confe. quence as this ; nor too fudaenly accuiing my fan. plicitie, for preferring my nljh-light before the Sunne-, when others fuffer their Torches toburnc out in darke lanternesrwhom I confcfTe to be farrc more able ("were they but halfe fo willing) to have imparted of their Talents ^io the benefit of their Countrey . But feeing that they will not vouchfafc it, and that \Jhke bold bay ardj\ave adventured thus farre$Imall (with your good favour) proceed. And firft I will begin with firings in front ; advan- cing, and Jlanding : and fo to the reft" And for the more cleare expreffion of each fringe I will deli- ver them both in words and figures. 1 he firjl where- of, fhalJ be a firing by forlorne pies : which com- monly is ufed in ourexercifejwo manner of waies: One way is , for the two outermojl-files of each flank of Musketiersjio march forth,being led on by the two junior Serjeants , fo farre as by the fuperior Commander mail be thought fit ; who bein° there to flandytheformojt' ranks are to give fire 'wheeling off, both to the right, or to the right and left (if it be fo commanded) and to place themfelues iiuhe Keen of their pwney&^the reft qf the ranks fringe and doing.of the like,untill they have fired once or twice over, according to their directions. This done, the next two outmofl -files of each/fartk, arc to march forwards unto thepAu^aflTigned \ land to do the like : thofe files which formerly faced, in the meanetime trooping backe, and placing themfelues next the pikes 3 on the infide of the divisions of Musket- x fl 8 Military Difcipline, or Muskettiers : the reft of the Muskettiers (in like manner) marching «/>,and firing: ftill placing them- felnes next the/>/*«,as aforeiaid. When they have fired z\\ over, and placed themfelues according to thefe directions : they arc reduced^ at firft. A fe- cond way of firing by fir iorne files ,may be after this maner.The ontermofi files of each/fa*£,are led forth by the Serjeants ^according to the charge untill they have brought them unto a ft place tor execution: and then they command their files to KiMfc inward, and to prefcnt, and /r* all together : as you may plainly perceive by the figure following. S m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m S m m m m m m *m m m m m C m m E m S mmm Dppppp-p p p Dmmm S . . mm ppppp pp-p mm. . « . mm P PPPP PPP mm .. . . . mm PP PPPP PP mm i . o • mm PPPP PPPP mm . > . . mm PPP PPPPP mm . . « .mm pp ppppp p mm. . * • mm D pppp pp p pDmm . . L The Theyeung Artillery Mm. i % 9 The raft two files, having ranked inward, prcfen. Hi and fired, are to wheeleoffto the r/*/&f ami /*/* .• following their leaders in finglefile, and placing thcmfclvcs on thcwfide of their di'vifions ofMuf. ketttw next the P/>f /; the ^m outmofi files , which followed the raft in the rw^ in the meane time ranking imvar 'd, firing and rvbeekngoff, as before, and placing themfelves next the P/itw. And fo for- wards for all the reft of the files : ft ill marching up, and doing the like, fo long as the Captaine or Commander (hall fee fitting. Thefe kinde of fi- rings (and all fuch like) are either for the begin. ning ofskirmifies, before the Bodies come within (hot one of another, or to provoke the enemy to battaile, to draw them from their Trenches, into fome ambujhmcnt, and other fuch political 1 ends, the number of men which march forth upon fuch. defignes, nor the manner arc not alwayes certaine, but confifts fometimes of more, fometimes of fewer, according to die number jime, and place* Chap# . ■■■ '■ • — ; — s ^ § or to the r/f w and left, as you may perceive oy the following Figure. S m m m m mm ro hi id w u* w w w C w §{iimwwmDpppp ppppDmmmmws friwqim pppp pppp wwnro inminm pppp PPPP mwwro pirowm ppppgPPPp mwwm mpirow pppp pppp mromro ipp^nini pppp pppp romairo « ■ » » « pppp PPPP * * * ■ i i t Bpppp pppp 8 » ; ! ! *WWi The The young Artillery Man. i $ i The firft ranks having f re fented, fired, and whee- led off, (as afore/aidj arc to march clofedowne in Jingle fie, within three foot of their owneflankes, untill they come to the Keere of their owne divifi- or/s. where every man is to place himfelfein the reere of his owne fie. The fecond ranke being at the diftance of three foot, behinde the firft ranke, when they^firft tooke their ground : they likevvifc are to reft' their Muskets , mounting their muzzles cleere of their Leaders, and fo to itand with their matches cockt, and pans guarded, that fo they may levell and fire as ibone as their Leaders arc cleere of them, and whecle off, in like manner placing themfclves as they were before. The next two rankesarctobeginneto4^4«^ forwards, when they fee the loft of the two former ranks, pref en- ted ready to fire. And they alfo having/^ wheele cjf as the others did before them. And fo, fuccef Jively the reft of the ranks advancing, fire and wheeling off againe,placing themfclves according to former directions. This way, they may give fire, once or oftnerover, as the enemy doth ad- vance, or the Commander fhall fee fitting. All this while that the Muskettier s advance fo farre before the front, (if the body he upon march) the Pikes may bejhouldered : but when the bodies come within twelve fcore, or le(Te,then it is fit that the Musket- tiersgivefire even with the front of the Pikes, and that the Pikemen, advance their Pikes, and clofe forwards to their diftance of three foot, that fo they may be even in ranke with their Muskettiers, as - you may perceive by the following Figure. Fr*m ip 2 Military Difcif line t oi mmmm mmmm UI m mm m in mmmm ur mmmm UI S mmmm « ♦ • • mmmm mmmm mmmm UI mmmm UI mmmm UI mmmm UI • • • • S Front. C mmmmD pppp ppppDmmsnm PPPP PPPP pppp pppp PPPP E PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP _ Dpppp pppp D L Reere. Now the Pikes being advanced, and the rankes clofed forwards to their due difiance of order, the Muskettiers are toprefent,even with the front, every ranke fucceflively moving forward^ untill they come to be even in ranke with the firlt ranke of Pikes, there to give fire, and to jp^ti/f 0^*to the right and /^, trooping, file-wife, downe dofe to their owne divifions : and taking their places in the * 1YiC n%lxe *w*,asinthe former figures. The firft ranke of Bbwyour coll y Muskettiers having fired, and wheeled away, the open yo»' p**> next ranks are to move forwards at three ^motions, vrtjiiit Bretfi i nto their places j and there to give fire after the You arc to fame manner: wheeling away againe, and placing ctTJ topping ttemfelves according to former direftiom, every fuw'ards with ranke ftill making good their Leaders ground* In joutl^ft foot. Opmyour Panne, topping forwards with your right foot, prefent, topping forward* with your left root. Tbcfe Matiwzrc to be performed, hand and foot together* by every one that advtncetb gro^rf, t p |jyf jfa, without ejpefting any d««3ionain time o($l(iTmJh, this The young Artillery Man. 193 this fort the battell maybe continued, untill they have fired once, twice, or oftner overhand that the Bodies become fo clofe together, that the Pikes be- gin to forte , and fo at length come to pujh of Pike, Which done, the Muskettiers are to give fire , ci- ther retreiting, or elfe not to advance further, then the halfe files of Pikes. For in that place (the bodies being come fo neere together) they will doe as much execution's if they were even with the front. The manner oftheftanding, you may perceive by the following Figure. Front. C Dpp ppp pp pD pppppppp pp pppppp P P P P E P P P P Smmmm pppppPPP mmmmb mmmm pppppPPP mmmm mmmm pppppPPP mmmm ttimmmmDpppPPpPpD mmmmtu uimmmm L mmmmui uimmmm mmmmui ui m m m m m m m m ui S • • • • • • * • S fieerc. The Pikes being now come to pujh, the Musket- tiers are to advance no further than the halfe files of Pikes : that (fo they may doe execution with their O fat, ij?4 Military Difcipline, or Jheiy and be out of danger of the Pikes. This ha- ving attained, they are there to prefent, and rive fire; every ranke (till moving forwards, and main- taining his \ezdets ground. After they have perfor- med their firings they are to ftheeleojf by divifion y as in the former Figures: ftill placing themfelves in the run of their owne files, alwaies taking their directions from the Drum, either for charging or rctreiting, &c. The battellot charge being ended, the reduce- mentis ealie. The leader of each file, being in his place at the head of his file-, command the Musket- tiers to march up, even with the font ofpikes $ and then they will be as at firft. Obferue withall that when the firing is to be performed, even with the front; then the Musket- tiers are ftil to make good their leaders ground.The want to be in the place of moft fecurity (which is the Reere) as you may perceive by the pricks, which I have defigned, for noting out the empty roomes of fuch,whohavec/^^/wW.fto make good the ground in the front: the others thatlaft fired are wheeled off, and trooping dorvne into their places. When the firingis even with the -halfe-files, they are to do the likerunlefle the Drumme beat a retreat' for then, the Muskcttiers neither advance, nor re- treat .-but every rank giving fire on the fame ground, theyjland:and then rvheele ^"againe,that their fel- lows may do as much. Neverthelefle when the forlorne files march forth, or that two ranks march forth, ten paces (or more; before the fiont : then they are to give fire, as upon artfw>.-unIefTethc enemy The young Artillery Man. * ; 195 enemy flye. I will now fliew fome other wayes of fring mjront ; before I fhew the ji rings in the rcere . The firft whereof, fliall be the home Battel! : as in the Chapter following. Chap. LXXIII. OfthtHorne-battelli how to make it : andts reduce tt by firing. \fffl!fafy&3$$ foi He Horn-battell may be forthe fame occafion and ufe, as the firing by two ranks ten / « advancing before the front: and is by fome held more fer- viceable,becaufe that the muf kettiers do their execution mo re roundly , without any intermifllon of time : and keepe themfelucs without ftragling from their bo. dies. Befides, the wings of Mtukettiers being fo ad~ vanced, are more apt for over-fronting , and more eafily to be wheeled; whereby to charge the enemy mflanke; each of thefe wings, or divifions, are to be led up by a SerjeanKot fome otherfuperiour officer) unto theplace appointed by the Chief e. But becaufe that it may be performed in time otexercife,by the intelligible Souldier >ob[cwe ihcCommdnd which produceth this following figure. 2 fiku igS \ Military Difcif line t ox Pikes , ft and ; Muskettiers , march ; untill the Bringers up , ranke with the front of Pikes. The Horm-battell. £ E 3 £ S. mmnimmz 2mmmmtuS. uimmmm^ Frsnt. 3m mm mm m m m m 4 4 m m m m mmmmj 5 m m m m mmmmd 6mm mm mmmm7 7mmmm mmmmS C 8mm mm S, • • • 'Dpppp ppppD- • • • S. pppp ppp p PPPP PPPP PPPPpPPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP Dpppp ppp pd X-* The figure being perfect, the firft ranke of Muf- kettiersjrefent magive fire wheeling off, either all - to the right 5 or to the right and left (according as they (hall have dire&ionj and placing themfelucs, ©rderly,inthe#m?ofthekowne//a. The next ranke The young Artillery Man. 1 9 7 ranke (after the fame manner) firing and wheeling tffy and placing themfelues behinde thofe , which were the ir leaders. Thus is eveiy r4»£,fucceflively, to do the like: untill they have all given fire. If the Commander would (till preferve, and continue the fame figure; then let the Mmkettiers ftill move for- wards, into theground (ox place) of them that fired before them : and the forme will be ftill the fame. And if by the chief etain it be found neceffary,that after once or twice firing over, the jhot faouldfianke their pikes ; then the Mmkettiers, muft not advance into their leaders ground-, but,to the contrary ,every ranke is to prefent and fire on the fame ground they ftand: and that (b foone as they are cleere of their leaders. Or if need be , the ^//r« may advance and awrafr up, to make their j9wtf ;/?/7/Y ; which being done, the file-leaders of Mutkittiers being in from, they are rediited. O 3 Chap, ip8 Military Difcipline, or Chap. LXXIIII. of the Dcmie-hearfe Battell : The nfe of the fgure-Jjow < to make it, and to reduce it by firing. >He ncxtf ring in Front which I prefent un- to you, is the Demie Hearfe : which is a fi- gure moft firme, raoft follid, and mod fta- £/in this figure, they are fecurely covered by their owne Muskettiers: untill they ap- p roach nearer to the enemy. Whereby they may be able to do fomefervice-, either by fending their jhorvres of arrows amongft them, for bringing their array out of order, or elle, by c Ufing neerer ^come to the Jhpcke, and lo try the fortune of the day. But not to hold you longer in ctrcumfiance, take the words of command: which: produce the figure, as follow- ah* . Pikes. The young Artillery '.Man, 199 .Pikes, fiand, Mmkettters, advance before your Front of Pikes : and c loft your Divisions, The Demic-hcarfe. Front. & S 3^ Suimram m^m mmmuiS uimmram m m m m tu m m m m mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm S, mmmmDpppp ppppDmmmmS. mmmm pppp PPpp mmmm pppp pppp p p p p E P p pp pppp pppp PPPP PPPP pppp pppp Dp p p p p p p pD I* For the firings on this figure, they may be divers; yet I mall content my felfe onely to mew two of them : The firfi is, that the Muskettiers may at the difcretion of the Commander ^give fire in front: and fo wheele off 'by divifion (or all to the right, as mall beft pleafe him that commands in Chief e) placing themfelues in the Reereoi their owne divtfions and files oijhot^ which is juft before the front of pikes. O 4 The 200 Military Difcipline, or ; The next ranks then moving forwards into their lea* ders ground, are to prefent,fire, yvbcele off, and place themfelues after the lame manner : the reft of the ranks of Mmkettiers , doing the like, untill they have all given fire: which firings doth nothing alter i the forme or figure of hattell. Having fired once or twice over this way, the fecond firing mail feme for reducement: which is indeed the firing intended to be expreft by this figure. And that I may by words, the more clearly explaine the worke, take thefe directions following. "the. firft ranke having given fire, are to wheele e- qually off by divifion : each part falling fikrwife downe } c\ofeby their flanks of Mtfskcttiers :unii\\ the leaders of the ranks of Muskets come downe as low as the firft ranke of pikes-, which being performed, they are to face outwards , and to move fo farre forth in zjlrait line, untill they have ranked even with the firft ranke of pikes. But herewithallare they to obferve, that they mull: leave an Interval! betweene the inner moft -musket of each flank e ; and the outermoft -file-leader ofthepikes. So foonc as the firft ranke -hath given fire and wheeled away y thefe- cond ranke is to give fire, wheeling off ,as before, and pafting downe betweene'the Intervals on the flanks i placing themfelues after their leaders.The fame is every ranke fuccefiively to d« ? untill: all the Muf- kettiers aredrawne from before the front, and pla- ced on theflan\e\ofti\e\tptkes. But when there are not above two ranks o^Mmkettiers to give fire,then \ the pikes may port $ and when the Mtsskettiers have ;w, and are wheeled Amy , they may charge. Arid laftly, jheyoung ArtilUry Man. a o i laftly, the jukes being re^advanced, the bodyflands reduced^ as at firft. *t* 4* 4* 4* 4? 4? 4* *£ *£ 4* 4* *£ 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* '£ 4* 4* 4* Chap. LXXV. of giving Fire, advancing, by way of Introduction: with the beneficial! ufe of the Bow and Pike. || Shall next offer to your pcrufall, a >J! g urc °£ Introduction : which \sz faf- fing through ox betweene : Being a fi- ring by way of advancing againft w i the enemy, and of gaining ground. I will not difpute fepw ulefull it is j but Aire I am, it is over-ballanced with danger. As for fuch whom I haue feene to praff/fe it, they have rather ufed it •for var/ctify in a well experienced Company, then for any knowne excellency it hath in it felfe. But if thele lines happen to be over-lookt by any , that preferues a better opinion of i\\is firing by introdu- ction, then I do-: I fhall be willing to leave them to their owne liking, while I in the meane time pro- ceed to fhew the manner of the execution, which is ufually one of thefetwo wayes. The firft, when the Motrin is begun by the fecondranke from the front. The other, when it is begun by the Brmgers up. Ne- verthelefle you muft note, that your files ofMuf- kettiers muft be opened to their open order $ before the firing begin : that fo, the Mttskettiers may pafle betweene the Intervals of each file, to give fire in the 202 Military Difcifline&x. the from. And therefore take the words of Command and Direction ; which will produce this Figure following. Mmkettiers^ make ready to give fire by introduction to the right. Files ofMwkettiers, open by Divifion-toyour open order. Smmmm m m m m S mmmmmmmm C mmmmmmmm mm mm m mmmDpppp ppppDmmmmmm mm mmmmmmmm pppp PPPP mmmmmm mm Sm m m m ppppppppm *n m m S PPPP E PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP Opppp ppppD This^Wagby introduction may be thus perfor- med. The Pikes being flank with their Musket- tiers, the firft ranke of each Rankc^prefent andgtve fire: having fred, iheyfiand and make ready againe in the fame place. The fecond ranke pafling for- wards before the firft, doe there fire andfiand: the third tank then patting forwards after the fecorid, and The young Artillery Man . 203 and (landing even in ranke with them thatfirfty?- rcd; chat ib [bone as the iecond ranke hath find, they may quickly ftep before them, and fire in like manner. In tins //>/#£, ft ill the ranke winch is next to/frr, ftands even 111 ranke with them which lad jlrfdf; until 1 thole which Jl and prcfented, have like- wife given fire : after which they then pafte fore them; the Ranke which was their next to 1 lowers, palling forwards and ranking with thole which Lift fired: every man following his Leader iuccciTi\\l/,iintill the Bringers up £\x z fir e,lifle y or This being done, for to make the Figure, j Command. Files of MuskettierS) ranke 1.3.5.7. ejrcby tttcreafe, to the left. Fibs ofPiku, ranke by decmfe after ym Muskettiers. C m S mmm S mmmmm mmmmmmm mmmmmDmmmm mmmmm m mmmmm mm mm mm m mm mm mm mm mmm mmmmm mmmmm p p pop p p p pep p p p D p p p ppppppppppppp ppppppppppp pppppopp pp PPPP PP P PPP PP S. p p p S. P L \ The > ■ The young Artittfrf&ah. 207 TheMuskettiers may fire on this figure, divers waies: though I onely intend to fpeake unto two of them. The firft,is the mod: ufuall way: and that is, the giving fire in ranke; the firft man (orpoym of the Diamond) Rift giving fire: then wheeling oflfto the right, and placing himfelfe juft behinde the Jingle Pikeman, in the reere. Then, the next ranke being three men^givefire^ wheeling off by divijion: and placing themfelves inranke, behinde the Jingle Mnskettiers, as they were before the firing began. This done, the ranke of five Mnskettiers, gives fire-^ wheelingoff, in like manner, by divijion ; ever ob- ferving,that where the number is odde,& they com- mand to tpheele off by divifiony there the greateft number, alwaies goes to the right. And fo, in like manner, the rankes give fire, fucceffively$and place themfelves after their leaders, as before. When all the Mmkettiers have given fire, and are wheeled off - y ihencharge Pikes, which will be fifteene in the firft ranker, the reft decreafing. Having advanced your Pikes 1 your figure will ftand like two wedges, with their yoynts iojned, as you may perceive by this Figure next following. Front, oS Military Diftipline, or From. Sp-p pppppppp P PP P pS PPPPPPPPPPPPP- > PPPPPPPPPPP • DpppppEppppD PPPPPPP P P P P P PPP • p m . mmm mmmmm mmmmmmm DmmmmmDmmmmD mmmmm m mmmmm mmmmmmm mmmmmm . S mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm S L Reere. If you would reducey our men from this Figure, without firing, (your men being fufficiently ex- pert) let the Muskettiers fiand, and Pikes face to the reere : and fo the wedges will ftand faced in oppofiti- on. NcxtyCommandthcmio interchange ground: the Mnskettiers advancing forwards, into the groundo£ the Pikes, and the Pikes, moving into the ground of the Mutkettiers; and then by facing the Pikes to the former front, the body will ftand in forme of a Z>/<*- w^againe. Ifyou would give fire from this Figure (all the Musket- The young Artillery Man. 2 09 Muskettieis being in the recre) the body mutt fare about.- and To the firing will be contrary to the for- mer. But tfyouivhcele them about, they mvf give fire the fame way. Howfoever, they having ^ fire, are to w/w/:' tf/f by divifion^zwd to place tnem - /elves in the rare of the Pik » in ranke agairs as they were when they gave fire. Thus having al I fired owet^ and w^/^^w^jthe Pikes miy charge : and being ogaine advanced, the body will ft mi in forme of a Diamond: and this I pray you to con- ceive, for I intend not to remake the Figure. The fecond 'way ok firing on the Diamond 'figure ,is by way of Countermarch : and is an oblique firing. For whereas in the other firtrgby ranks (in the Diamond Batlell) each rankefiredby tnereafe o f two {beginning with *wr, and endtPgwttb fifteene in a ranke) this fringe contrariwifc, begins with 1 5 . and m m m m m m m mmmmm * mmmmm S mmm S, mmm m m L Reerti s Your men ftandmgin/«meaf©re-mewed 5 ifyoir pleafe yet to be more curious, face them all to the Reere : andemmofid y our Muskettiers to march ten or twelue paces. Youx pikes toJ?W,andyour Muf kfttiers will prefent you with an Mow wedge, and your. The young Artillery Man. 2 II ^yoxxpikes with zfoWid wedge. Laftly, to reduce all thefe lev erall formes into thejfr/? proper fquare bat- telt: firft, let the folltd wedge, clofc forward^ into the .jMw of the other : then, let the Muskettiers wake ready jrefent^ and fire, as before. That is to fay , e- vcry Muskettier that finds himfclfc without a lea- der ^ is to give fire, and to countermarch to the irwre of his ownc file, the reft doing the like, fuccefuve- ly. When they have all fired , and are counter- march cleere, let the pikes charge : and then your body will havethe/flrw of a 2>/^\S\ Gartaqe, \d'^^i Having brought your Souldiers into this Convex forme , you may face them all inward, forjpeecb', or outward fot fight. Then let the officers make /fcttr- Wj for the MtukettUrs > and let the outer mofi Arc y P 3 ■ . or 2 1 ^ Military Difiiffot, or oxfirft r Aitke of each divifion,frefent, and £n/e jfo.- thofe of the right fianke, wheeling off to tne r/££/; the left-flanke y \o the / £&?4 t ieS\' ifo$bt *7sKsfc e5tHi5> 8A>i2v5 -ifu&i tSuj £&& «Jt>t*& ZfoGa Chap. L X X V 1 1 1. of Extraduclion : the fever all ufes , firings , and Reducements. 215 He next //>/#£ which I fhall take upon me to demon ft rate, mall be by way of Extraduclion : which is alfo a firing in Front. It may be to lingular good ufe, in ajlrait or paf. P 4 [age 2 1 6 The young Artillery Man. fage where your Wings and Reerc may be fecured: your enemy being fuppofed to be too povverfull for you, either in Horfe or Foot, or both. Having gotten into fome fir ait , there fill the mouth of the paffage with your Pikes : and if the length of your Company be not fufficient to do it, then double your ranks (as in this following figure)and let y Gur pikes either order, advance ^port^ or charge : according to theoccafion; your Muskettters being intheic^w, may march up into the Front , and fire. But before I mew the firing, obferve thefe following directions, which produce the Figure. Pikes Jl and, Muskettiers face to the Reere, and March uutillyou are cleere of your body of Pikes -> Then face inward, and clofe your divifion : that being done face to your Leader, and double your Rankes. ^This being performed, the Pikes are all in front ^ the Muskettiers in Reere. A firing by Extraduclion. Front* ' S m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m S P P P P P P P pep P P P P P P P m P P P P P P P P P d P p E p P P P P P P P P m P P P P P P P P P P P P m *>V P P P P P P p D p P P P P P P P mD 3 3 3 3 3 3 3. 3 3 3 3 3 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm mm mmmmmmm mm m mm mnvS L •3M3U Ha- The young Artillery Man . 217 Having ordered your bditell in this manner, lee the firft ranke of Muskettiers( which arc thofe that follow next after the Pikes) face to the right, and march forth (file-wife) to clofe by the right jLwVe of Pikes, untill he that is the leader of them, be cpme mxoxhe front of Pikes, thenhee is to hade them quite croffe the front of Pikes; untill he have attai- ned the further part of xhc front to the Uft$ which being done, they are all xofiand, -prefent, and give fire. You muft note withall, in this firings that hee which was the wj^f hand man of the Ranke, and was the leader of the motion, now becomes flic left hand man, when he gives fire; and that having fired, they are to rvheele off to the left, clofe to the left flanke of Pikes, and fo to fall in the rccre of the Muskettiers. In the interim, whileft that the ranker which firft fired, is wheeling away, the fecond rank is marching into their places to give fire. And in this manner they may maintaine their Battaile, fo long as they pleafe: the Pikes either porting or charging all the whiles. The Muskettiers in the time of their crofting the front, are to couch, or Jloopc under their Pikes; that fo they may be no impediment to the Pikes in their charge. There is another way of firing by Extraduftion, which is, that the right hand leader of Muskettiers, placet h himfe If e before the right file- leader of PiVes : the reft all falling beyond him .« neverthelefTe becaufe I conceive it not to be fb good a way as that already fhewne , I will not trouble you with it: but come immediately to the redueement of this, which is as followeth. Com- mand your Pikes to ftand, and your Muskets to double 2 1 8 Military Difcifline> or double their front by divifion: but if you want room to doc it, then firft double your files to the contrary bandohhat, which you doubled your rankesj and fo hauing doubled by divifion, as aforefaid, they will be reduced, as at raft, of the Broad-fronted Bat-tell: with the wayes of frwguponit. Wc br oad- fronted battel! y muft needs be or fpeciall ufej for many occaii- ons, either offenfive or defenfive. Which became it is fo apparant to all j I mall not need to ftand to rea- fon with any ; rather defiring to me w the manner of making and reducing it:which is . s followeth. Caufe your Pikes to/0%/, and your Muskettiers to march: untill the reere ranke of Muskettiers be advanced a little before the firft ran ke of Pikes ; then let the Muskettiers facetn- ward) (or in oppofition) and clofe their divtfions, and thenf ace to their leader. And if you would bring more hands to/j-/tf,double rankes to any hand,md thebody (for forme and number) will ftand like the rigure here next following. But the Jpeediejl way, and (I thinke the belt) I am fure with expert Soul- diers, is to wheelehoth flanks into the fronts which is the way intended by this Figure. For the man- ner The young Artillery Man. 219 ner of the firing it felfe, you may partly perceive that there are mterval/es made for each divtfion, to ivheele off to the r/gkt, that Co they may cither fall inthc reer of the Muskettiers,& there continue tic firings elfe fall in ther^r of the pikes,& be thcr- by lecured from the horfe. It may be done, one or both wayes: according to the occafton or dtfcretwn of the Commander . Ncvertheleffe, before I flitw the firing, obferve thefe words of Command, which produce the Figure. Whccle your flanks into the front, Slice to your leader. 1 ThtJ#6Ad fronted Battel!. Front, S m m m in S m m m m mmmmSmmmm S mmmm mmmm mmmm mm mm in tn m m mmmm "* mmmm mmmm mmmm D w O E^C Dm D m PPPPPPPP PPPP m PPPP PPPP^PPPP^PPPPPPPP 1 " PPPPuiPPPPmPP^tuPPPPu, PPPP PPPPPPPP PPPP The firft ranke having prefented, and given fire, let them wheele ofFto the r/r^?.* all palling down the Intcrualles to the right, and placing themfelves in tbicreere of their owne divifions of Muskettiers. The Muskettiers making good their leaders ground^ and the next rankes firing, wheeling offend placing them- 220 Military Difcipline, or themfelves as before. Having fired once or twice over this way, a fecond way may be, to place themfelves in the rare of their Pikes; either Jlan- dmgyOx. advancing: the Pikemen in themeane time, clouding the cleere skie , with their ayrie Armorie. The Muskettiers having all given jire ? md placed themfelves in the reere : if need bee> the Pikes may clofe their divifions, and charge over hand: and if the enemy fhall (till preiTe forwards, the Pikes may charge at the foot : the Muskettiers gi- vine fire over them, &c. For reducement, there are divers waies by firings^ but becaufe I would make every thing fo plaine and eafie, that thofe that reade for inftruttion, may receive benefit, it hath cauied rrkrto reduce each fi- gure by it felfe.-and not to multiply one upon ano- ther, whereby to make them too ambiguous. And therefore, if you make this Figure by wheeling your * Nn h fiankes into the front \ and thenjferf, as aforefaid: the ihc iecond fi reducement may be, either * to fire them over a- ring will caufc gaine, and fo to fall into their former places : and c h l^Zl?.r then to tvheele your flankes into the front againe, whjch then and laitly, face about to the right : and they will be becomes a as before. Or elfe,if you would reduce them with- rail, and is the out giving n re over againe, then command your caufe tim the Muskettiers to double your front by divifion : that rXechtTc^ donc^vheelebot/jfankesmto the reere: thztxfaceto fiaure which your leader, and command your Muskettiers to firft made it. 'd ou yi e y own front by divifion againe : and they are as at firft. If I fhould proceed to fhew the many and fundry wayes o£ firings, which, may be done in font, : my Bopjce had need to have as many leaves The young Artillery Man. 2 2 1 leaves, as lines ; and yet all too little. But that I may keepe my felfeto my promrfc, and my Booh to its compaffe: I will nc^i come to mew fome fi- rings in the reercand amongft my divifionatt firings, I (hall infert fome other (bits or" front fir/t.g^ which here I have omitted. Chat. L X X X. Of dtf marching, or firing in the Recre': the fever all rv ayes , and how they ought to be performed. Aving fo long maintained Battaile in j A the front, I will now face them a- boui^md fee how they will behave themfelvcs upon their firings m the reere. Which kinde of firings, may be very bcneficiaHandfervice/ible, many wayes.For by keeping an orderly march, zx\d firing in the reere, the eager enemy J by a too hafty purfuit)may bcdifordered. Or ifitfo happen (as many timesit doth; that yon have a difadvantagious place to im- battell on; by this firing you may march away : {till preferving your order and array, untill you have brought your adverfary into fome ambumment, or fuch like inconvenience. For the manner of comming to the firing, it muft either be by facing About, wheeling about ,or countermarching: the Pikes aretobefhouldered. The figure followeth. A 222 Military Difiifli#c> or AfinpginthtRecre. lu m mm mad d d,d ddddammmmui uiiuiuui dddddddd ui ui ui ui m uimuiui dddddddd uiuiuiui ^mtuuiiu dddddddd ui m m ui m uiuiLuiuiu dddddddd uiwwva m tuuiiuui dddddddd uituuiui muiiuui dddddddd uiuiuiui • • * • ad d d d d d d da • • • • 'twig The Bodie being upon a march , if the enemy ap- ; peare in the Reere ; let the lajl ranke ofMuskett/ers, face about ,and give fire , wheeling off \ by divifion, file-wife marching up toward the Front, and there placing themfelues before the foremofi ranke of Mmkettiers: (the* outmofi man of each r4/z££, being the /ftw&r «/> of thofe which have fired) where firft Note upon all ta vi n o their places on the outfide^ the reft wheeling R«r* '"eLw <^^ Mr £0^ , untill that, (laftly) they prefent to the Reere, by which time, the ranke that lajt fired, will be wheeled way . The next jwzta, fo ioone as the other hath prefented, is likewife at 3. /notions, to do the fame: and fo, fucccfiively,for all the reft; every ranke obferving , upon each ranks firing, to /^ one; and to march one ranke neerer, to the reere of the Battell : that fo that part, may fHUbekept4^//tf and they are reduced. Sometimes 5 we v g/'z;£ fire in the reere: having all our Muskeitiers marching in the reere of the pikes. For die manner of the motion, it isasbefore:but for pla- cing of the men, after they have fired, it may be different. As, to rvheele off by divifion,phcing them- felues in the font of the Muskettiers, next behinde the rare of pikes. Or if the body be large, to rvheele all off to the right, through Intervals: and fo to march into the front of pikes. Oi elfe,they may rvheele off by divifion, flanke their pikes , and Co fire over agawe, as before. If you have brought your Mufi keitiers (by firing) to the Reere , before the front of pikes $ then to reduce them , you may either rvheele the body about, and give fire in front, caufing your Mmkettiers to fall off by divifion, and to flanke their pikes, as you may perceive by the figure of the Demie-hearfcQv elfe,if you will reduce them with- out a firing, caule your Muskettiers to open to the right and left: and the pikes to march up in the miafl: after which, facing all to your Leader, they are as at firft. I might have fhewne a Figure for each of thefe feverall firings in the reere: which would have de- livered them with more variety : but I conceive that this here already expreft, may fuffice : efpeci- ally this beirig the ground of what may be fpoken. Concerrung/r/^ irtchis nature, many men are of many niindes, about this firing inthe.reere. Some wiU have it, that the loft ranke, (hall at one motion, face The young Artillery Man. 225 face to the reere : and there prefent, and give fire. Others will have it at two motions , but cither of them have their inconveniences. For however they pretend a more fudden execution, they arc de- ceived: for would they make tryall, by caufing the Muskettiers of one of the flanks, to give fire at one motion; and the Muskettiers of the other flank, at three motions, (as I have here let downe) they iliould loone finde, thatthejfovw- upon three moti- ons were the befb and that the othc r would be call io farre behinde their bod), that they would be in fome danger to be cut ojf. Jklides this, they are longer in c leering them 1 elves from their owne men, which all the whilft muRJtay, untill they are mar- ched off ' : orelfeXv^them, in Head of the enemy, whereas in this other firing upon three motions, they ftill keepe along with their Body, doing their executi- on more fuddenly and more lately. NeverthelefFe, there be many Co much wedded to their own wil- full opinion, that they will more willingly perfi ft in knowne errour, then be feene to alter what they have feemed to maintaine. But leaving fuch to fleer e by their owne compaffe, I will here conclude my firing in the reere . And the next I fhew,fhall be firings in flanks : to which purpofe, I pajfle all my Muskettiers to the right flanke. The words of dire . clion for it, are thefe. Muskettiers of the right flanke, open to the right, or face to the right, an a march. When they have ope- ned too, fuffictent di fiance, then/land. Musktttiers of the left flanke, paffe through between e your rankes of Bikes, to the inter valle on the right flanke: then fl and, and face all to your leader. CL Chap. 226 Military Difcifline,QX G hap. LXXXL Of firings inflanke, in gener attend more particularly, of the gathering firing. He Muskettiers being all on the right flanke y (as in the laft Chapter is directed) it would be necdlefle to make a Figure, whereby to demon- ftrate the flanding of the body : fee- ing that none can be fo ignorant, but muft needs know that all the Muskettiers being upon the right, the Pikes muft be u ppn the left Neverthe- IdTe, I mail endeavour to (hew what is meant by firing in flankes* Which (for the generally are of theie two kindes. The firfl is, when the enemy skir- mifteth with us in flank as we march .-the other,when as by fome fudden attempt oxambuflment, the whole body is engaged, and fo forced to fland^ and to face to the right, or left; or both. By which facings, the flanks become fronts accident all, and their firings wil be after the fame manner of the firings in font. Wherefore feeing I .have already fpoken fuffi- cientlv of them, I will now foew firings in flanke , marching.: the particulars whereof-, areasfol- loweth.. The firft is for the outmoft fileto.give firi\ and ftand until 1 the next file have fired, which by fomeis called the gathering firing. Secondly, firings in flanke, and leading them up, between the Muskettiers and Pikes firings m flanke, being led off by The young Artillery Man. 227 by the bringers up .firings in flanke, (leevwg up on the contvavy fianke of Pikes '-firing in fiarike, and drawing them up bervveene the wnermojt files of Pikes . All thefe firings in fl anke, a re to be perfor- in e'd upon a march y the Pikes are to be JJwuldered. Our ftvdfiring mflanke^ followeth. The Command is, Mwketticrs, give fire to the right : and gat her up your files. front of the march. S E C DppppppppDmmmmmS V p p p p p p p p m m m m m pppppppp mmmmnit, pppppppp mmmmm^ pppppppp mmmmm pppppppp mmmmm pppppppp m m m m m ~ DppppppppDmmm mm? 3 m m S m m m m m m m m m m m m Qt This m 22 8 Military Difcifline, or Thiskindcof firing on the flanke, I havefeene and knowne ufed, by many good and able fouldi- ers . Neverthelefle, in my opinion, the men ftand in a great deale of danger, when having given fire, they can doe no good; but ftand like to many . markes for their enemies fhot. N otwithftanding, it may be that Inch whom I have frequently feene to uie it in their pra&ife, may be able to render good reafons fox the fervice-, though as yet I can- not conceive it. I will therefore furceafe any fur- ther profecution my opinions, and fhew the man- ner of execution: which is to be performed as fol- loweth. The Command being, to give, fi re to the right , prefently the outermost file to the right ^faccth outward, and frcfents : the reft of the body, ftill marching forwards. Then the prefentedfile, gives fire^ andjlands facing againe to their firft front. By thattime, the body will be marched clecreof the Jlanding file,t\)crithc next outer mofi file, prefents and fires \ in like manner: the body marching as before. Having fired, they in like manner/if* to their firft front, zndjland-, a Serjeant leading up the file, that firft fired on the out fide of the file that laft fired. Then they both fiand together, untill the third file hath, riven fire after the fame manner. And then the Serjeant leads up the two files, even with the third, which laft fired. And after this manner, the files of Muskettiers/tfi-tQ the fianke.-arid give fire, fucceffi vely t and ftand, untill the Serjeant le ads up the reft of the files which fired, even with the front ©fthe file., which laft fired. Thus having all fired over. The young Artillery Man. over, they are to march up againc, even with the front of Pikes, and this reduceth them, as at firft. . Chap. LXXXII. r he fecond manner of giving fire to the flange. J o < ■ — fliall be full dsferviceablc, for mat- , ter of 'execution, and mall far re pre- cede it, in way of preservation ; both in fecurino- the Muskettiers (after they, have fired) from the danger or their enemies /hot : as alfo in continuing the body inure, without reparation. It is efpecially ufefull, when two enemies arc divided by a River, ov by fome fuch like meanes fecured from the incurfi- ons ofthe horfe . For then, by this way of drawing the Mmkettters up hetweene the innermofifle ofMuf- ketttcrss and the omermoft fie of Pikes to the right : yourBattai/emaybc continued, according to the occafion or the Commanders difcretion. The Figure followeth. The Command is, 229 &$ mf- 3 ^ Military DifiifliHeyOX MuAetuers, give fire infltnVfi: marching uf betweem thtftkcsandMuActs, E C S 7 6 5 4 3 a i D 8 7 * $ 4 3 PPPPPPPP *mmmmmm *< ppp-ppppp- ' m m m m m m ^ . PPPPPPPP ' m mmm m.m p **■*> PPPPPPPP ' m m m m m m ;: PPPPPPPP ' m m m m m m . -5 P P P P P P P P ■ * m m m m m m | PPPPPPPP' 'm mm in mm - 3 p p p p p p p p Di* m m m mm m 3 Sv S Ll b % Thtfwaytoperformethis^^/^ of firing, is as follOweth. The outetmofi file being commanded to fact to the fight, and /r^«/ .• the reft of the body mmhethswzy (as. in the other Figure) and the (landing file, gives fire. Thi$ done, and that the body is marched cteere of theftanding file; the next fil£frefcqtsmherigkti& the file that firft gave fire, fwth\o\\£frJlfr$»t&TAl% kdby*Serfe4M,crofe the Theyoung Artillery Man. :;: the reere oFMuskettiers,and up betweene the Muf- kets and Pikes; the Muskettiers are ftill to open CO the right ^ as they marcb,that Co there may be room for one file to march up betweene them, and the pikes. And fo(fucceflively) each file having fired marcheth up next unto the right flanke of pikes. When all your Muskettiers have given fire once- over, they arc reduced as at the fir it. The battcll maybe continued, at difcretion. The next firing in flankeffor the matter of firing it fclfc) will be all one with this :but for the manner of the wheel? tngoff, and placing them, it will differ. ************* j A_i ^ ^t^.j^vi Pv^fti v /^*"y*^ ^itf?^ ''stiii?^ a2"£N <^H^\ •'QBS s*-i£$ * ^^fc^ <^Uft*^ Ptfeiij?^ tf&i tt&& aife d&£ 38^ *$s && fiaK arcs s&i tffci $te a&s Chap. LXXXIII. A firing in F Unite, led off by the Brtngers up. \f&fc&&5d0& fr He next firing in fianke, which I propound to your perufall, will be nothing differing for manner o£ execution, from the •firmgs in flanke ; formerly flic wed. Theoncly difference ^ arifing betweene them,is # that the other files of Muskettiers, after that they had gi- ven fire^ were led off by their proper file-leaders; and this,to the contrary, muft be led *ff 'by their J*r//?j- #\f *«/>. And this, indeed, if the body be upon a /tor mnrch, k xhc readiejt $nd qtuckcjt way :and doth Q^. more 23 2 Military Dtfcipllnc, or more fyeedilyfecure the Mmkettier *,after that they have given fire. The words of Command 'and dire- tfion, which produce the/r/^, are as folio weth. Mmkettiers^givefireto the Right: wheeling oJf\ after- your Brwgers up ; and placing your felucs hetweeneyour Vivifwns, 3 E C 8765432 i- 876543 D p p p p p p p p D m m m m m m P P P P P P: P. P m " m mmmm P P P . P P P P P in 111 m m m m S P P P P P P P P m m m m m m P P P P P P P P m mnim ram 2 PPPPPPPP m m m m m ra 5 PP PPPPPP rarammrnm 3 Dp P P P P P P P D m.rpmmram 5 S L. 3 V £'&E> <^ : " &* For the manner of execution, or way to perfbrme this/&v*£,it is as followeth. The body muft becon- ceived to he marching; upon all'thefe firmvs in flanke: and that with xhdrpkesjhouldcred This be ing prefuppofed, the Command being given the outmoft-filejrefents tothenght, znd gives fire :\hen faceth to the*gfc, after their dingers up .who /«- 4r*them */ , ^J ftfe fefc cfMMcttiers, march- ing 7 be young Artillery Man . 233 in? them up betweene the divifions , the bri .vers i

Reere. c £ ~ ~ c ?, 5 S S the reft ofthcWj^contmueth the march, while/t. ^^ n T^zT' m P**Kfi"' Which be- ing done, and thefe* «&», the text mcrmojl file, 2 j6 Military Bifcipltne^ or prefects, xhe file that loft fired, in the interim, facing to the left .tfter their proper file-leader; who leadetb them cro(Je the recre { both of Muskets and Pikes) a pretty round p^ce; jleeving up on the out fide .of the leftfankeofPikts. The next 'file having, in like manner, '/&?*$ doth alio troupe up on the.mtjide of the file, led off bcfoix c\xiy fkygiving fire, and do- i ig the like. When all have given fre, and are c/^- r either the front or mw of Pikes, into their pLces: or by d.vifion {'if you pleafe) your Musket- tiers, alfo; may give 'fire mflankc : the firjtfre, fee- ■•ring on the leftflanke: the reft of the files, ftill fal- ling betweene the Pikes: and the Muskettiers \\rxh wheeled off the faff before them. And this An :i very p)od \iring y and may be reduced with tng the like b:ickeagaine:and many other waies 5 ,v^nay;iUpjf^ 7 /ftf'afkr the manner of the figure J$# ' \?mk m [bytf^MnpM tf; Either into The young Artillery Han. 237 into the front, or elfc after the manner as is difcour- fed in the latter end of the laft Chapter. But I en- deavour, all I may, to contract my matter, left my volume iliould exceed my intent. And therefore I will mew but one firing more in fianke , upon a march .-wherewith I will conclude thefe forts of firings. MMk%%MMMM. Chap. LXXXV. Of Firing in Fianke : and placing the Muskettiers in the midfiofthe Battell of Pikes : with other firings from thence proceeding. Iring in Flanke T znd bringing them off betweenethe midft of pikes-, is to be ufed at fuch time , when as you would feenre your Muskettiers : the place ( otherwife) affoording no na. tur Ml convenience of fuccour,fuch as I have former- ly fpoken of: and therefore by this manner offal- ling off, where we want naturall afllftance in the fotuation; there, art ought to fupply us,namely,by contriving to bring up the Mutkettiers betweene the pikes ; and fo to defend them from the furie of the horfe.. And, if need be, you may draw 3 . or 4. files of pikes (more or lefleyiccording to your num- ber or the danger) croffe the Mtakets, both in front and reerey which are in the midft betweenethe pikes, which will as wellprefeive the Mtukctuers in 2^8 Military Discipline t or ivifiont and reere, as in flanks. But leaving further to diicouffe, what may be done ; I will now fhcw how this is to be done. Onelyfirfl: take the words of 'Command and dire&ion for the firing, as fol- io weth. Muskettiers,give fire to the Right : Marching up betweene the midjl of Pikes. Front. 87 6 5 214321 $76$ Dpppp mmppppD. mmmm ppppmmmpppp mmmm pppp 3 mmpppp mmmm Jf pppp m mmpppp mmmm g p p p p m m m p p p p mmmm g pppp m mmpppp mmmm a pppp m mmpppp mmmm g D p p p p m m m p p p p D. m m m m g S ^ L S3 The command being given, for the outermofi-fiU to'fnfent to the right(as formerly in the other fi- rings mflanke) the reft of the body dUlmarchethon' untill that the outcrmojl-filchath fired, and is faced to the left againe: following their leader. He now leading them off to the kfc marcheth up betweene She mMlemoJhfiles of pirn : who are then to optn to Theyoung Artillery Man. 2 3 9 to the right and left .♦ fo to give them roomc, to W4>v^ /^> bet weene them. In the meane time, the next file 'having given fire, wheeleth off: in like man- ner marching up on the left of the files, which fired Lift before them. And fo, fucceffively, for all the left of the files ot'Muskettiers, all which arc to give fre,and to wheelc off, as before: placing themfeJues ftiM on the /*// of the/f/w which laft fired. Wherein is ftill to be noted, that the files are frill to open to the right and left : and that for the receiving of the Muskettiers, after that they have given fire. This firing (as; 11 other the firings \nflanke) may as well be led off by their Bringersup,^ by the file-leaders: and then the reducements will be anfwerable. The Musketticrs having zM fired; the pikes may charge ^t difcretion. The Bcw-pike-men, which arc in the «Wf of the Muskettiers, in the meane time not fpa- ring to fend their flowers of arrows, amongft the thickeft of their enemies, and if need require, the front ok pikes charging at the foot, with their fwords drawnej the Mmketticrs may give fire over them \ ranke after rmke\ for the formoji ranks having fired, may kneelc upon the ground ; and there make ready againe 1 untill the other ranks behinde them, have likewife given fire. After this manner, the Batted may be continued : according as occafion mall re- quire. For reducement, and to bring the Mmketticrs into both flanks againe, as they were before I be- gan the fe firings -m flank, command your pikes to face inward; and your Mmketticrs to the right and left outward, and fo to pafTe through and interchange ground', then facing them to their leader, they will be : aty o Military Difcipline, or be reduced, as at the firft. I would have the inge- nious Reader to conceive , that all thefc firings in flanke, may as eafily be performed to the left : and with the Tame words. Otiely the words of r/g^muft be changed for left: and left tor right. I might have further enlarged my felfe upon Firings in flank e: but thefe already expreft, may luffice for to in- ftrud the ignorant. As for the skilfull and experter fort ot'Souldiers, I mall rather requeft their appro- bation, then prefume to write ought, which may feeme to pafle me with the leaft conceit, tending to their inftru&ions. Wherefore, for the further profecution of my intended difcoufe , I will next ihew fome divifionaU firings . And( for methods Hike) I will firft begin with Firings in Iront and Reere: which may be performed either upon a march, or fiand. And to that end, fuppofe your Muskettiers to march all in fronts and reere. Nevertheleffe, be- caufe it will not be amiffe,to fhew with what words of command, or dire ftion the Muskettiers may be brought thither .-therefore take notice from what part of the body they are brought. And if they be in the midft (as in this laft figure ofFirir/g'mflank) then command the halfe-files of the Muskettiers, to face about: which done, let the pikes Jland^ and the Muskettiers march-, untill they are clearebotho£ front and reere ofp/"k«;then let them ftand', and face to their leader: which being done, your battell will ft and in forme of an hollow fquare. In which hollow, may be conveyed any carriage, or fuch like. But if you will not have your battell hollow -then command your pikes to dofc their dwifions - 3 and the Musket- • tiers - - p — —, — . __ The young Artillery Man. 1 4 r tiers will be all in front and reere . If your Musket- tiers be on the flanke^ and you would bring them into the font and reere ; then after the fame manner let the halfe-fles of Muskettiers face to the reere: and then both balfe-files of the font & reere , march untill they are cleare of the Angular pi kemen. This done, let them face in oppo(ition,md clofc their divi~ fons : after which, hvxmo faced all to thejr leader, they will be rightly placed: namely, the front -half e- fles o$ Muskettiers before the front of 'pikes ^and the reere -halfe-fles of Mifanapaftngbc-t\veerie th£ divifions y 'there placing themfelvess they of the front divifion, be- hinde thofe whkhfired laft before them; and they of the reere divifion, before them which fired laft, behindethem. And fo thqyqrrjay continue 10 give /rafter the fame manned imtillthey^ haveall^/- venfire^ohce y over. Then may the body make a ft and, and the Pikes charge to the front mdreere, if need be. Or if the Commander would continue his firingtothefront and ree/e, Rill upon the fame figure: Then let the Miiskettiers of the front, place themfelves (after they have given fire) behinde the Miiskettiers of their -owne divifion : tjiofeof the reere divifion placing' themfelves betwixV the reere of Pikes, and the Muskets of ihtiv owne divi- fion.- andfo the body moving but flowly forwards, they may continue the firing. Having given fire to the front and reere ^ and flanked their Pikes: if the occafion offer, or the Commander pleafe : they may give fire to the front and rar^ upon that Fi- gure which indeed I hold the better, as you may perceive in .the enfuiag Chapter. ■ Chap, Theyoung Artillery Man. 245 Chap. LXXX VII. Afecond way of firing to the front and r cere [His fecond way of firing to the front and rcere upon a march ', may eafily be performed,if the Souldiers bee well and often inftru&cd. Without which, all matters in the Art militarte will feeme difficult : and by which, all things will be made facile and eafte. I could in~ ftance in divers motions and figures, by fome repu- tcdfuperjluous niceties, which were the true ufes knowne to the Commander, and the way to exe- cute, to the Souldier, would be found to be offingu. lar good fervice. Nevertheleffe, becaufe to the ignorant nothing beyond their capacities may feeme excellent -, many good and ferviceable moti- ons are flighted, and not accounted fit for fervice. But I could well wifh, that fome good courfe might be taken, that the Souldiers of our tray ned Bands might have a little oftenet fratttfe • that Co they might be able (at leaft in fome reafonable way) to underftand and exercife, what fhal] bee commanded them. But I have ftrayed from the matter. And therefore takethefe words o£ Com- mand and direction: which being orderly executed, produce this followingjSrag. *3 Muf 246 Miliury\Difeiplme,ov Mwkettiers>give fire to the front and reere -j facing yeurfelves betwceneyour Divifions. From, C S^mmmmDpppp p p p p Dmmmrn m S mmmm PPPPPPPP mmmm lu mmmm pppp PPPp mmmm 111 ui 3 p p p p^p p pp g ui m 3 PPPPPPPP £ m m mmmm pppppppp. mmmm ^ mmmm PPPPPPPP mmmm S in mmmmDpppp ppppDmmmm S jLd Reere. The way to performe this fringes as followeth ; the Command being given, the firjt ranke prefents to the front , the lajlranke of Muskettiers,/^//?^ a- boyt, and doing the like, towards the reere : This done, they both give fire $ wheeling off by divifion^ and place themfelves betweene the Musketticrs of their divifions. Thofe, namely, which were of the front half e files, falling into the reere o£ their owne divifion; thofe of the reere halfe files (contrariwife; falling before their halfe file leaders, and ranking e. ven with the halfe file leaders of Pikes; the next ,. rankes,(ucc€ffivc\y j firings and wheeling ojf jitter the fame manner. Having fired, once over y they arc re- duced j every man to his place; Thefe two hi\ fi- rings The young Artillery Man. 247 rinrs to be performed upon a march, would feeme very difficult to unexperienced Souldicrs : bur often cxercifwg, they may be made capable of thefe, or of any other. Chap. LXXXVIII. A firing to the Reere and right flarke, marching. Aving (liewed firings tn front y reere, I andjianke, ( fome marching, fome \JlanMng)l will (hew one firing to the 1 reere and right flanke, upon a march, 1 which( without queftion)muft needs be' very fcrv ice able at fuch times, as the enemy mall skirmifl) with the ^iy, to annoy them in their/^/- /*g*, \r\flanke and raw at one time. I mall not need with arguments to inforce the ufefulneile of the firing, tor none that knowes any thing in the Art military, but will ingeniously confeife that for fbjHcicrviccs, it rauft needs be neceffary. You may (if you pleafe^/ve/Gr* to the flanke and reere: your Muskettiers being in their ordinary places, 011 the flankes of their Pikes.NevertheleiTe,a fecu- rer way for the Pikes, will be to draw the Musket- tiers from that flanke, which is in leaft danger 5 ^/e thereof Pike-men. And this fliallbethe way I will obferve in this firing. The words of Command and direction for this firing, are as fol • loweth. r R 4 M »l- 244 Military Difcipline^ or Muskettiers, give pre to the right and reere: placing your [elves betweene the Pikes, and your owne divijions. Front. Dp p p p p p p p D. m m m PPPPPPPP .mmm PP P P PP P P • mmm PPPPPPPP -mmm | PPPPPPPP • mmm 3 pppppppp .mmm 3 PPPPPPPP • mmm 3 Dppppp pppD. mmmg S m m m m m m m m mmmm mm mm mmm mm mmm w ui ui ui uj m tu iu Reere. • The Command being given, to fre to the reere \ and right flanke^ the outermofi fie of fyfuskettiers, prefcnts to thtrighr.and thelaft rank of Muskettiers 'trefents to the reere, and fo both give fire. The reft of the Body, in the meane time ^marching a reafona- ble pace. The right handW\t, and loft ranke having fired; the file facet h to the left, after their file-lea- der '■> and fomarcheth up between the Muskettiers of the fame divifion,znd the Pikes; the ranke whee- ling The young Artillery Man . 249 ling off 'to the right, and placing ltfelfe next after therein of Pikes,and before the firft rank ofMuf- kettiers of the lame division. If you pleafe, you may make an Intervalle betwecne the Muskettiers: that Co part may wheele off to the right, on the out fide, and the other part wheele off to the right, and march up betweene the Intervalle into then* places. The firft file and rankethat^/i#^,having given fire,and wheeled cleere off the body, the next rile and Yznke,j>refent and give fire : after the fame man- ner, wheeling off, and taking their places, as afore- faid; and Co fucceflively, the reft (both files and rankes) give fire, observing the fame order. And having given fat, once, twice, on ojtner over, they areftillm/tfttJtovhebme they were before the firing began. Then draw your Muskcniers from thermr, to the left fianke againcj and they will have their places as at firft. andflanke your Pikes. from of the March. £ 6 B 3 B S BB £ S m mg 3 S .6 m m3 3 5/5 3 3 Sg w ■^ S ao,^ Oh-u *o "o ^ 3 1 3 a* a* °-> 0-0 ^tj^j g ^ S Oh O-. ^ ^^ ^73 T3 "O 3 J^ ^ g OhO^ OVO T3 -73 *0 g ^ £oa,0 O-O ^^3^33 g a, o o 0.^3 ^hg^ g &. v) 33 3 S 00 S E ui ui 3 3 3 3 .33 S3 3 3 m qmw ty$ Jo MW Thefodte being faced to the right and /f/9 5 the formofi ranks of Muskettiers (which were the outer- moft-jilcs)prefemmemie-h?drfe' .-'where the manner of the execii tirtris all dnewithV/;//. AH the fcitfkj of Muskettiers fh.vmg fired, and wheeled of, as before ; the pikes (if need be) may charge, and the Muskettiers gte* /h^WefagaTrie r to?Mxflbgyf outw\trd, and placing th'ernfe^ies in the ?fer* of their jiw divifionf- Ha" ving advanced your pikes., and jfSflfag yout Wy to xhejirjl front , all your Milskcttiers will be itt /raw audrf^j; And then \f\H>wfate vonf halfefiks abokt , and^>^ after the ta^riL- rttatit^fte th&frvni aWd rcf>6' ;H;tvihg ^fiP the-iti aqaine to their firfi firm y they will be >iv/r^c^(asat'firh:) into their ordinary fanare. Nevertheleffc^ I wiMredrfce it by aiiothei firing, which waStfr'ft itiven^'a-fld'A^ed us, : 'W thatwortln%^'i^,^ n ^ e^ettehW^irf^-, Cap- taine Hetirj if\ifcnfto\v deeeHflJcl * It is tffiYtJg *k fiont^hel^ti^ehicrr of the MrWk>ifofr,wppnv>| rf/> ^AljjfMvf p/krc, ittSll't^e' fc^j oftfce r^^/^^('^ao>nt then d.rc the balfe-fit^le.idcrs) r'anVe even with -rhe /ra./ ZJ4 Military Difcipline,or front ofy/k«. The words of direction that pro- duce the figure, follow in the next Chapter. Cm a p. XCI. Cap Aim Wallers Triple firing to the Front. His Trifle firing to the Front y hzxh had the approbation of good andyvell experienced Souldiers: who have all acknowledged it to v be both jG&i ahdfcrviceable. Bringing many hands to fight, in very good order : the pikes being fecurely co^ Igures and formes of Battell, may bee infinite; according to the judge- ments of the Commanders •, and the various workings of the divers mo- tions : no 4r/enor jlience yeelding more content, unto the ftudious practitioners ; none more honourable and btneficiall, for the good of our Ctuntrie .-none more neglected and lefTe countenanced, then die Pra&fers^ofxhc Art miliurie, nor none more fcrewed up in the places of their abiding, then thofe men this way affected. The rich cubb'dgorvne men, holding it as a maxime that Souldicrs (though never fo poore ) yet they mufi be taxed in thepartjl) bookes like Gentlemm. Thus much incouragement we have, for (pending our monev and our time for out Countries good, and this (in good time) I hope will be amended: but of this no more.Thc next /fm^ being a firing 'Tripartite .doth execution to the front, mre, and right flanke, at one and the fame time. Forthea/*, I (kill referreitto the judgement of the Iudicious; for the inftru&i- cn, how it is to be made, the words of Command and direction fhew it, which are as followeth. S Half, 258 Military Difcipli»e > or Hdferwkesof the left , double your right jLanke by divlfion. Frontfroftr. Sin m m *n~ p p p p mm mm p p p p mmmm pppp mmmm pppp " & mm m m m mm m c Smmm.Dpppp ppppD.mmmS m m m . p p p p p p P P . ni in m in m m . p p p p p p p p . m in m m m m . p p p p E p p p p . m m m mmm. pppPPPPP -mmm in m m . pppPPPPP -mmm mmm. pppPPPPP •mmm m m m . D p p p p p p p p D . m m m L The two files ofMuskettiers which were led forth , having obliquely prefentedinwards^ad the file drawn croffe the font oi'pikes, being prefented direft Rank- wife .- upon the firft Commana, they are all to give fire together,and then to face after their bringers up ; who leade their files diredly into their places.This done, they face to their proper front againe; the other files (in the meane time) leading forth after the fame manner. Thcfe having done their execu- tion^ are to returne into thch places: being led off by their brinrers up (as is aforefaid). The reft or the * r S 4 files 2 64 Military Difciplme, or files, after the fame manner ^ firing and returning: untillthey have all given fire $ and then they will be all reduced ', as at nrft. Chap. XCV. A ftr'tngoblique, by foure files together f m forme of a W. LL the commendations, that may begivenofthefe^/^f Figures , is that they poweout a great deaie rf s jhot at once $ and may quickly be redu- ced to their places. Notwithstanding, they are a great weakening to the bodie, if any fud- den accident mould happen before they are fetled in their former ftations. Neverthelefle I mall leave them to themfelues 5 and if they be found to hold out weight, I mall not grudge that I have given them roome amongft the reft. But if they prove too light , let them be as lightly refpe&ed, yet beare fomewhat with them, for their amiquitie. The way to make the figure, is as followeth. The tvpo innermofi files of Muskettiers on each ftanke, march forth (each of them being led by an Officer) untillthey have taken their places* Then the(>^/- cers that led forth the two middlemofi files, are to re- turneto their places againe 3 the Serjeants that led forth the outermofi files y (landing to fee them do their execution. Yet before the yLttskettters have order The young Artillery Man. 265 Order to give fire, obferue the manner of their flan ding, by the following Figure. The W. oblique \ * & \ / Sm^^DPPPPPPPPD^^itvttvS mm.. PPPppppp m rr mm.. PPPppppp mm mm., p p p p p p p p mm mm., p p p pkp p p p mm mm., pppppppp mm mm., pppppppp mm mm..Dpppp ppppD mm The Mutkettiers having prefented, according to their directions $ they give fire all together - 3 and then fuddenly facing after their Wringers up ; march downe into their places ; the next two files of each fianke, in the interim of their marching away ,are to move forwards to their ground : where they are, in like manner to give fire: and then to take their pla- ces, asaforefaid.The reft of the files of Mutkettiers (if you have more ) rauft then move forwards,and do the like. And in this fort , may the Mutkettiers give fire, once, twice, or eftner ov«r : czchfiring, be- ing a rtdusemem to it felfe. Chap. 266 Military Difci flint, or Chap. X-CVI. of the Fort Battel^ the way to make ^ and to reduce it, THe figure of the Fort-battell^ is an oblique fi- ring: and taketh its denomination rather homthsfm^md^ t&an rhe ftcength of a Fort. Its chiefe ufe,is for the entertainment of fome grertperfonage or Commander in xh^ field: who be- ing received into the w/a^ of the divifims o? Pikes; the Muskettiers may frefent and£i^f/fr. Or if they would have the Musket- tiers give fire, one after another; then the i>*#/>.f by fuccepon (which fome call the Peak) will be the beft. If there be more Muskettiers^ then will ferve to make up the figure finglejthey may alfo give fire with the reft iprefenting obliquely 'betweene the di- ftance of their leaders. The way to make this figure, is as followeth. Firft, draw forth the outmoft files (of Muskettiers) on each flanke, in forme of an hollow wedge, before the front of ? pikes. Then, caufe the nest two outmoft files , to face about ; and to follow their bringers up, in the lame forme to the Rcere. Then, let thtlafi two files of Muskettiers (on each flanke) be drawne after their file-leaders, in the fame manner md forme ^ to the flanks. The Muskettiers being thus ordered, and all prefented obliquely out- wards^ command the two firft ^ and two loft ranks of Pikes, to ftand; the reft of the Pikes, to face to the right The young Artillery M*n. 261 right and left; and fo to march, until 1 they are clear e o$Yhe other pikes which fiand. Then, command the Pikes which moved, to double their files to the right. Laftly, command all the Pike-men to face outward ; each divtfionot Pikes y after their hollow wedge c fMuskettiers . O r e 1 fe , let them face all in- ward to the Center; and then the Body will ftand in forme of the following/r^wr. The Fort -hat tell. ./ / s \ ^ dddddddd ^> /^2d c d ££ %. ^ V* ** ^ ^J PPPPPPPP ^ \PPPPPPPP ^# \ S / ■ %J Having 268 Military Difciplint, or Having fired upon this figure, there is no man- ner of wheeling off: becaufe the forme is ftill to be continued. But when you come to reducement, firft face all the Pikes to their f roper from, (that is, unto the place, where you findethe proper file-leaders. Secondly, let the Pikes which are flankers, double. their rankes to the left: arid fo clofe their divifions. Then the Pikes will be reduced* For the Musket- tiers, firft command thofcon the flanke, to /**<& up their files in their due places, clofe to the Pikes. Next, command the Muskettiers of the reere, to ^1/^uponeachflanke by divifton. Laftly, com- mand the Muskettiers before the from of Pikes, to face after their bringers up, and to march downe in- to their places. Laftly facing to their leader > they are all reduced, as at firft. Chap. XCVII. Of the crojfe BatteH; the way to make it with a private Company. How to fire upon it: and to reduce it. THe CroJfeBatteU,though it muft needs fliew thinne, fin regard that the number is not fu£ fkient,to expreffe the worth of the Figure) yet may xhe forme be very ufefull, with a larger bo- dy, and the Muskettiers may give fire, two, three, or foure waies at once upon it.- Yea, if the number were as opulent, as>he Figure is excellent, then they might The young Artillery Man. 2 69 might fire twelve feverall waves together. This notwithftanding,I fparetofpeake further to what may he done; and come to fhew what I intend in it. Concerning this Figure, the waies to fire upon it, are ordinarily two. The firft,when the Musket- tiers give fire, and then place themfelves in the reere of their otvne divifions of Muskets. The fecond way is, after that they have fired, to place them in the reere of their Pikes: the Pikes maintaining the Muskettiers ground. The words of Command which produce the Figure, are as followeth. »Tbe twofrft ranVesjvheele your from into the midft. The two laft ranVsjtvheeUyour reere into the midft. The reft of the body, face to the right and left : and fo march ^ tmtillthc reere- Angles meete. Then let the Commander got into the midft ^ ( or Center) and face the whole Company to him : giving tm fuch direc~tion,as is meete. Laftly, being all faced about to the right, the body will ftandltke the following Figure. The 270 Note, that a* men Hand in ranke wh«n they give fire, foihc-yareto place them, fclres againe, when they havered The outer mo ft men, raking the cutfidt places : the reft, in like manner, orderly pla- cing them- felvei within them. ^ 3 333 . E E I 6 E E E Cu Cl. Cl, Q« Cu. c- a, Cu, Cu Cm 0, C-. Military Difcifline^ or The Crojfe Battel Front, o mmmm mmmm mmmm 1 " PP PP m PP PP m PP PP PP PP dcq E 3lO *"0 T7 *T3 ^O •"O '"O 'T3 "°0 S S 3 3 3 3 £ if ad dd dd dd md d d d md d dd mmujiuiu m ujinuiui ujihuiui This crojfe Batte/l being faced to the front, reere, zn&jlanVes, and the Musketticrs commanded to give fire: one way of placing them, is^ in the reere of their own diviftons of Musketticrs; for that here- by, the Muskettiers will ftill continue their places. For the fecond way, after that the firft rankes have given fire, let them rvheele all off to the right (or to the right and left, if the number be large) and place them- The young Artillery Man. *7 themfelves in thcreereof their Pikes, each rankc moving forwards, and maintaining their leaders ground. The fecond ranke, in like manners to fire, «md to take their places after the Muskettiers, which fired and wheeled off laft before them . The reft, fucceflivcly, are to doe the like, untill all the Jhot have fired, and are wheeled away againc. Then let the Pikes charge, 6cc. If any object, that it is dangerous to havefo large difiance betweene the fronts t>f each firing: then,if you have files enow,yo u may draw two or three files of each Arme; crojfe the divisions from the Angle of one front to the other : ancT fo facing of them outward, they will make rea- fonable good defence on thofe parts, &c. Having given fire upon the crojfe battel/, and brought your Muskets to the reere of the Pikes : if you would reduce them^pajfe into the midji 01 Cen- ter of the Figure, mdface all (both Muskettiers and Pikemen) to you; and caufe thofe which were thefiankers, to clofe their divifions. Ncxtjvheele the fronts into the mid/l of the two other divifions: then move to the front proper, mdface the whole body to you, and fo you mail have all your Muskettiers in the midfti flanked with Pikes. If you would r^- duce them into their right places, command the Muskettiers to face to the right and left outward,t\\Q Pikes to face to the right and left inward : and fo to faffe through, and interchange ground: thus being rightly/*^ they are reduced. Cha p. 272 Military Difcipline, or Chap. XCVIII. Of the hollow -fronted Croffe Battell,how to make it with a private Company : and the way to fire upon it^&c. THis next Figure, mall be of the hollow-fron- ted Croffe-, which is a ftronger forme , than that laft fhewne, and yet thus much let me warne you of, that there can be but little expecta- tion o£ftrength to be perceived, in Battels formed with fo fmall a number. This notwithftanding,the ingenious Martialifis can eafily difcerne thofe things, which in warre may prove moft nfefullfox his owne, and his Countries benefit; although they are here expreflfed to the publique view, in fo meane array, andinfuch thinne numbers. Where- fore, fetting afide all Apologies and excufes, I will briefly mew the words of Command and dire- ction, which will produce the following Figure. The two firjlrankes,whecle your front into the midft. The two laft ranks, wheeleyour reere into the midfi. The reft \ face to the right and left: and march nnttll they have made the per fed Croffe. Laftiy^canfe the Mttikettiers to Jlanke their Pikes : according to this following figure. The The young Artillery Man. 275 The hollow fronted Crojfc. front proper. mm C m m S tn m m m mmpppp mm ^ mmpppp mm ^ I EE S E D PPPP D 3 3 3 3 § "2 SEEE D PPPP 3523 CX- O- &h CU "O ^3 "T3 T3 *-^°- E ^^ ^ ^ ^0.^0- *T3 ^O ^ T3 55^ S EEEE'dddd3333 s, I SEES dddd D 3333 §* luiuddddraw ST iu iu d d d d ui lu ujui mm 5 iulu >j mui *unx jqsjtmug The feverall directions for f ring upon this Fi- gure, may be divers. But to avoyd dijlraftion, I will (hew oncly one way; and that directed to the front ; reere, arid^4/*foj.NeverthelelTe(for varieties fake) you may caufc them to give fire, once over, wheeling off by divifion, and placing themfelves m the reere of their o wne dtvifions ; (till moving for- wards into their leaders gronnd thereby to preierve the Figure in the fame order. At the fecond time of firing, caufethe Pikes T to 274 Military Difcipline, or to move foftly up, even with the front of Musket- tiers: porting as they advance forwards. The Muf- ketticrs having fired, and wheeled off, are to place themfclves in the reere of their diviflons of Pikes, (whom before they flanked) every ragik of Mufl ketticr s/zW#£, wheeling off, and placing themfelv es, as afbreiaid. Laftly, the Pikes having charged, md againe readvanced, the £0^ will fland in the Figure of a perfect C>^. For the reducement, it is the fame with the O^- Battell, delivered in the 91 Chapter. Wherefore I lliall need to adde no further directions in this place, for the laid reducement, then, that the flankt divifions are to be clofed, and the front and re ere di- viflons to be wheeled: that the body may be againe returned into zfquare, with 'the Musketiiers in the middle. All this being here taught, I now proceed to mew one firing with the , Musketries in that order.. Chap. XCIX. of firing upon thefquare Batte/l^ flanked w:th Pikes, He.fquare battell flank^ with Pikes, mult needs bee very fafe for the Muskettiers:as being a very able de- fence for the flankes , aga i nft the w> curfions oivthe enemies ho?- fe.Jke Figm-efolLowah^iifias tl)e Musters are in mo. Hon, r b e The young Artillery Man. 275 The Square Battell flanked with Pikes. Front. C DppppSmmm m m m m in U[ S p p ppD p p p p in m rri m m m 111 m ^ P P P P p p p p m m m m m m ni m P P P P p p p p ni m m in m ni m m P P E P P p p p p HI m m m m m m ni P P P P p p p p m m m m ni m in ni P P P P p p p p m m m m m m in in P P P P D p p p p S ni in m m in m m m S PP P P L The wayes or manners of giving fire upon this figure, are ordinarily three. 1 hefirfl firing is, with the AJpctf being directed to the front -, the Musket- tiers wheeling, either all off to the right ; or to the right and left, as you perceive by this figure . The Jccond 'is, for the Mwskettiers to give fire to the rare, upon a march\\\\\\c\\ they may eafily do,from this figure The third is^to %tvefirc to the front and rm^, upon a ft and-, xhehalfe-files being faced about. If the firing be performed to thc/r that each TkcpWg ArtiUxrj Ma,n. 277 cadi Arwes i§ ajiiftiw" to the othcv.I : or fusing that neither' M'uskettiefs nor rikemen alone, can be iingly furfeicntof them follies , to withftand the able and refolute horfeman (without great ad\.i 1 t;igc of ground) onthc contrary , the Muskettiers and Pikes brittle jonjoyned into one body, and be- ing well ordered, they are not onely able to deiciid themfclues againft their furie; but alfo to put them to the wori! r. Yet this nmft not be imdciftood, of raw and uvsVdfull Souldiers , whole ignorance is caufe of diffidence ; but of hardy, experienced, and well exerafed men, fuch as know well how to dc- meane themfelucs couragiouily,in time of %ht. The words of Command and dire&ion , which produce the figure, are asfbllowethj. Halfe-files of Pikes, face to the Reere,and march w- ^X\mVz\ till they are clear e of the loft ranke of Muskettiers . C r> ir urt Win Secondly, command, themidft, and Halfe-fles of Mutkeiucrsjacctothe right and left, tulc^hcl (then) march betweene the divifions ofPi^es. you begin to Thirdly, command, »»£ mf Left hdfe-ranks of the fir ft divifion of Muskets, SaskeJtr? face to the Reere, and march betweene the Recre divt- ** on tl>€ Lairly, then the croflc Having evened their ranks, firajtened their files, and "'1^ p ! k "; clofed their dwifiws to an email dijtance^ and being Muskeuicn, xigbxiy fitted ; the body will ftand like the follow- &c> T 3 The 2 y 3 Military Difcipline, or The Plinthium, or fottre-fronted Batted • . Front proper. cu o., Oh -a. Dm. m m m S p p p P a, a. Oh Oh m m m m p p p p CU Oh Oh Oh m HI III HI p f P P ^ .£ a, a. Oh Oh m m m m p p P P £ ^ S S S S ; n 3 3 3 3 > ^ SSS6 P 3 3 B g : fc *$ seas 3333:^ V a'S a £ •: I ■■£ 33 3 3 8: Q CO fck £ d d d d m ui ui ui ^3 *o *& *© %, . d d d d ui ui in ui , T3 *v *o *t> * d d d d ui w ui ui —o *o -a ^ is a hollow Square Battellj '9X99% 7Cfl Jo }U0XJ fronted foure r . . . waies; Ae n»#. The manner or the jfrv/sg, may eafily be appre- bereqttaU/m hended by the figure-, the Mwkettiers giving fire in Another kmd >^#^ 3 and wfaeling all ^fto the Wg^/.-do then pane ot pUntbittm,\% downe their Intervals 3 under the favour of their j° S^llJfi #'£«" ; and placing themfelues in the reere of their the length; the owne aivijions 01 Miukettms y the ^/m charging at ugbt Ames to difcretion. Having ^Wi 3 0/^, *n?/V ^ ovoftener over, riwwX* ofihe and ftill maintaining the fame ^jwwa^the figure wil ioffow patt. continue to be the fame. llVof 2/»» ^ tne mr * P art °f tne battell, were by any means the ftcond ' fecured; fo that you need give fire but three wayes, . *"*jte n * ta then\hefrom-halftMes oiMutkettters, might have of the forty , r i • 'Hocbpter. °ecne prefer ved inure. . This The young Artillery Man. 197 This Plinthium^or four e -fronted Battel! , may as well be made with the Mtukettters in the Angles: the fjkes making the croff'e; this kindc of Command, alwayes making the trojfe of the Armcsjn the midfi of the Battel/, After that you h^xt given fire at difcretion, up ■ on this figure, and charged your pikes, if you would reduce them to the nrfi fq&re, command the whole body to face to the front proper. Secondly, command the Muskettiers in the «flfe, to «wr$ //p on the left of the Muskettiers in /bra*.* the^/^ being firft opened, to give them plac\.\ 1 hirdly, caufe the Muskettiers in flanke , to yOa' inward: and to c7/ke/ make both thejfo/?fo. All thefe wayes aire very'n'e- ceffary and ufefull 5 as tie tim?,occafion, or feZJjfe mall give caufe; or the judgement of the Comman- der mail fee fitting. Nevertheleffe,the hollow hattell Which I riow intend to demonstrate unto you, is specially ufefull for a march :vhiefe^y to feCureihe carriage, as likewife to preferve the ficke and woun- ded*, it may alfo ferue,for the Commander to confult with his officers or to make any jpeech or Oration, to the-Souldiers. Or the Enfigne may in figne of tri- umph, difplay his Colours inline midfi: upon & march . after SVirmtjh. The way to make this/jfw* (the MnsVettitrs be- ing in the »?/^) is as followeth. Firft command the Halfe- Theytuag Artillery M*n. 2 8 1 Halfe-fks ofM usket tters > t$face to the retre: Then command all the MuAetfttrs to march ^ and the Vh.es tofiand. When tliey are dearevhbefroHt and retre of the Pikes, kt them ftand^nd face all to the fitnt pro. per: and it produced* tliis follovringJSgm. The hollow Square for March. C mmmmmmmm mm m mm m mm 5 mmmmmmmm S mmmmmmmm P P P P D DPPPP P'PPP P P P P PPPP PPPP PPPP x; PPPP pppp PPPP PPPP PPPP pppp PPPP p p p p D D p p p p mmmmmmmm ^ mmmmmmmm mmmmmmmm mmmmmmmm L S If yon would give fire upon this figure , to the from and reere, it may Be done marching. But^morc piopcxly ^ftandmg^by facing the halfe-files (both Muske^tiers and Pikes) to the reere. Then the c*m- mand 282 Military Difcipline, or mand being given, to prefent, and give fire ; they rvhtekoff by divifion: placing themfelues in the recre of their owne divifrons of Mmkettiers $ each ranke moving forwards into their leaders ground >and doing the like. If you fhould give fire , and not wove forwards into your, leaders ground jthen the Muskettiers would fi/l the hollow in the middefi\ be tweene the Pikes. NeverthelefTe, fuppofe the fi- gure ftill to continue to be the fame.Becaufe I will now come to the reducement : and the rather, for that I have not done it,fince I began with the Hol- low-fronted Cr off e. But now (To pleafeyou) I will reduce all, by a firing. And to that end, firft clofe your divifions of Pikes ; and then the Musket tiers will be all in the front and reere . Secondly ,caufe the halfe fries (both. M its kettiers and pikes) to face to the J^>r.Then,caufe the Muf kettiers{both ok front and reere)to give freewheeling off by divifion, and flanking their pikes. When they have fired all over, the Pikes may charge : who be- ing againe advanced, and all faced to the front pro- per, they are all reduced( K as at firftj into the ordinary Square Ranked with Muskets, Chap* The young Artillery M*n. 283 Chap. CI I. Of the hollow Hearfe, and the Crojfe. He Hearfe-Battell, by the Greckcs called Orthophalanx, (as in ALlian) is, iv hen the depth doth manifold ex- cecdc the length, thrice at the leaf. It maybe made, either follid or hol- low, at the difcretion of the Com- mander. And notwithstanding that this Figure » ((imply -o^ip'fcjrej hath ever bcene accounted weake ( as bringing but few hands to fight) never- chelcfhV being conjoyned with the Crojfe, it may iprovefcr vice able. True it is, that being expiefr by fofmall a number, the ftrength oi it cannot To evi- dently be difcerned : which, were the number more, each divifwn would appeare to be- the firon- ger, both fox offence and defence. But I have onely taken upon me, to (hew the ftverall formes and fi- gures ofbattell, which may be formed, andpraclifed by a private Company : as having limited my (elfe, not to exceed the number of 128 men. Wherefore my requcft muft be, that the Courteous Reader, when he mall findethat any Figure for want of number, mall looke thinne, (or poore) he will there be pleafed to c lothe it in a larger number: for that thereby the BattellwiW appeare the motcfo/lid^nd the beholder become the better fat is fed. ' This s 8 4 Military J>ifcipt>#*, or This Figure may be ufefull upon a march, for a Convoy : the hollow pans thereof, being very com- modtius, zofecure the carriage : the men alfo are ve- ry well difpofed to helpe and afift each other, in whatfoever part it mould happen them to be aifai- Jed. The words of Command and dire&ion which produce the Figure, are as follow. Wheele front and recre into the leftfanke. That donc^face them as before, and the Musket- tiers will be in fronts midfi, zndreere. Next, open the Muskettiersin the midfi, to the right and left, and caufe them to double their rankes to the left. Then caufe thefront-halfe filet vEihe front divifi- on of 'Pikes, to open to the «g#* and left: and the rr divifion of Pikes to doe lifelike. Then, having evened their rankes , r and Jlraighte- ned their files, and being /4£ft/ to their leader > the foajjl will ftznd'm forme, like this Figure. The I I .- . i The young Artillery Mart. 2 8 > The Mow Hearfe andCroJfe. C mmmm mm mm S m m m m S mmmm PP D pp P P PP p p Carriage, p p PP P P PPPP P PPP c P P P P c PPPP b mmmm mmmm mmmm D E Dmmmm mmmm Carriage, mmmm mmmm mmmna PPPP PPPP PPPP PPPP PP PP £.£ Carriage. ? P P P s P P PP D pp, mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm L If 2 $£ Military Difcifline, or If{bbe,youwill£/x>e^ upon this Figure, you may doe it any way, or every way. I£ you give fire to the font, reere^ -mdflankes^ then let your Musket- tiers wheele all off to the right, and place themfelves in the reere oftneir own divifions. If you would ftill preferve the Figure, then let every ranke ("before they give fire) march up into their leaders ground. Having either marched, or skirmzfhed upon this Figure, (or both) and then would come to induce- ment, VMfficccAl th&mme My to the proper front, and cauiethe Pikes that are flankers, to face inwards, and to clofe their divifons. This being clone, caufe the Muskettiers which are in the mid- dle ^xt or the Buttaile, to double tWw files 10 the r/£&. Secondly., let them face inward, and clofe their divifion. Next, kt them/i^ all to their /w- ^r,and rv.bcelc front and reere into the right flanke-^ which being dp lt.ard d cy faced^m to the front proper $they will be reduced into the ord'.nary fquare\ the Pikes hdng flanked with the Muskettiers, as at firft. % Chap. CHI. £>/Mour account from the o««r- mefifi.c } w\hct kbt. Notc,ihat ibcfide fijci em ihclc,t flatlet, arc t!ic lift band jf/rfthcthi.d,n.'IlaccountiiVgihco^cj5/f, beginning inch the euttrvtififilt to \\\clcft. crojfe j 8 8 Military Difciflint^ or crcfje the front. That being done, command the Ootde files oi the left flaake, (as well Muskettiers as pikesjto/ke to the reere ,and let them in like man- ner be wheeled to the left^ croffe the reere , following their Bnngers up. For the reft of the body, that remaines undrawne forth: Jetthemf/tf/eto the right and /*/* outward^ imtill the Reere-Jngles of each divifion , (tend diagonally oppoftte to each other. Then, let them be all commanded to face to theC«ffw or midjl of the follow fquarc; where the Commander is to give them fuch tncouragement & direclios^zs fhalbe meet, Laftly, let aWface about to the right, zndprefent. The hollow fquare Girdled with Muskettiers. Front. m m m m . mmmm S mmmm . mmmm PP P P • PPP P C/2 PPP P • PPP P s a Oh Oh *0*T3 3 3 E E Oh Oh n C o *T3 *"0 3 3 E E Oh Oh JLJF •^3^3 3 3 E E • • Oh Oh • E • • 3 3 E S Oh Oh ►"O «73 3 3 E E Oh Oh a 1 a T3 >"0 3 3 £ £ Oh Oh *T3 T3 3 3 a S Oh Oh TJ »T3 3 3 dd dd •dd dd c/) dd dd •dd dd UIUIUIUI • UIUIIUUI s uimuitu • tutuium £ E E 0-0- ^^ 3 3$ k, E E OhOh — — 33 ^ •m*£ For The young Artillery Man. 2 ^ p For the manner tf firing upon this Figure, it is as tollowcth. The/^M***ofMusketticrs (to each front) having frefentedmd given fire, they are to wheele all off to the ngbt.And becaufe chat eight or tennemcn,ai-ctoow^ to wheele downeonc%ter~ valle, (for thac they wiJi bee ib /<>*$■, beforc'they can <-/ w the front) therefore you may caufc W- " W/wtobcmace,bctweenc thenudft of each d:- vfron, as you may perceive in the Figure. The firjlravke having /r>cw rttrftt of Musket- tiers, Uuccefli velyj are to doe the like, untiil they have all g.ven fire, (once or oftner ovcr)that WaV according to the occaiion.And in this interim may tne Bow-pikemen be bointifnll in beftowine their flowers of arrows, amongft the thicken; of their enem.es. It the horfe prevaile fo much,that the Muskettiers may not endure to beare the brunt of them : then let the Mwkctti&s (after they have fired)wheelt off, and place themfelues in the reere of their follow- ing divifions of pikes : they moving forwards, and maintaining the Muskettiers ground ; charging with their />/*« (as they fee occafion) for />^v«f the Muskettiers, in the w'^. This notwithstanding if the om»/a ^ (hall Mljrrefe forwards ; and with their /bet mall continue to *#wj the £^/y (the p/*« V on 2 p o Military Difcipline, or onth's figure being cfpecially defenftve) then caufe the Ptkemzn to f%f at the foot y and your Mitsket- tiers, to £/i^ /fr* over them : according to former directions, on the Convex halfe-moone. After this manner, the battell may be continued to the lafl ranke. When you have given fire-in this orderly our Muskcttiers being all in thereere of your pikes y and that you be minded to ra/gfi them , into the /fr/2 orderly fquare, this is one way for it. Paffe through your Mtukeuiers ,before your from o£ pikes, as they were before the firing .-that being done , let the Commander face the w^/I? ^^ to the left Angle, of ihefront-divifion, by which meanes he mail there findethc halfe of his file-leaders. This being per- formed, let them march : and foeven their ranks, and fir aiten thei r jfe ; the reere divifion of jl///^ t- tiers and Pikes, orderly following after the front divifion of the like Armes. After this, let the halfe- files which then are (which indeed are the refiduc of the file-leaders) double their ranks forwards to the left: which being performed, the men are reduced asatfirft. If you would reduce them fome other way, without pafiing through your Muskettiers (as I hav e formerly faid) then nrft let the whole body face to the left Angle, ofthefront -divifion, and march, eve- ning their ranks and files, as aforefaid. Which be- ing done, caufe the halfe- files ( which then are) to double their front to the left, which being in like manner performed, all your Muskettiers are ftill in the midfi. Your next worke, is, to caufe your M&sket tiers to face to the right and left outward: and your Theyoung Artillery Man. ~ Y91 your pikes, conti ariwife, to fact inward ; and To to fafe through, and interchange ground. Thus beincr faced to their front proper, they will be reduced,** a & t nrft. If any will be pracJifmg of this forme of W# with zfmaffcr number of *w? (as with 64. oy fewer) whereby they will be conftrained to double their halfe-files: then they will be r^r^the fame way onely they mall not rn^M double their half e -files againe,in the'r reducement: as they mult needs do were the mmbt r larger. Chap. C IIII. ofthe SoUid Square , with Mmkettiers in Center and Angles. The way to make the figure with a private Companre.how to fire upon it, and to reduce H. >.Nfmite are the formes and figures of Ban ell, which may be made; yet all differing, either in areumfiances or in matter. Some of them are Sollid, others Hollow: fome ofthem,again, being Trines, Squares, Hearfes, Cirtes, Crojfes, Dia- monds, Plinthiums, Pie firms, Paramekcs, and infinite others. Some of them taking their denomination from the nature of their numbers. Otlie rs, accor- ding tothe/Z^/^ofeach^m^. A f/W forsa- king their names from things they moit refcmble, all of them being necetfarieto be knowne, to fuch V 2 which 2 g 2 Military Difcipline % or which would be accounted skilfull Serjeant -Ma. - jors .-that with ?A\ numbers, upon all occafons, they may readily bring their Souldiers into any forme or figure of battell (according as the time, the number and place will give them leave) for oppofitwn of bexfetftot^ or both together. lint to returne backe to our fingle Company , the workeofthisC^w/>;«*, being to mew the Plefium, oxlongfquare. In whicHffc Musket tiers are ^^ in the «?«^ of the Pikes ; and the other halfe equally divided, and placed on the /^.Angles of the battell: xht p:kes making 4. divifions; as being placed upon the front ,reere, and flanke. Yet not to hold you with longer circumftance, take thefe jpWt of command and direftion^which produce the following/r^r* . Halfe-fles, double your font to the left entire: Onely do not clofe them, to make one Body. That being done, your Body will be but ^. deepe*. Next, command the 2. outmoft flanks of each Body-, to double inward, by divifton. For better fatisfa<5tion, obferve thefe directions. r Firft, fee the halfe-ranks of the outmoft flanks, fa- ted 'to the front and reere : and that they march, un- till they are clear e of the ftanding part of the battell. Secondly ,caufe the halfe-ranks of the right flank, and the halfe-ranks , of the left-flanke , to face in ofpofition, and to tf/0/i their divifions : the two /fry? ratfjfo of each flanke, moving croffe the ^#/ of the ftanding part of "the £<^y; and the two /<*/? ri^b of each ftanke moving croffe the rmr.Then, the whole body facing to the front, they will ftand as in this. figure. Tfie TheyotwgArtilkry Man. 293 7 he Poll urn. C E S m m m m D p p p pppppDmmmm S mm mm PPPPPPPP m mm 1*1 p p p p m m m m m m m m p p p p p p p p m m m m m m m m p p p p pppp mmmmmmmm pppp pppp mm m m m m m m pppp m m m m pppppppp m m m m SmmmmDpppp ppppDmmmmS la If you would give fire upon this figure, it may be performed cither to the from andm/v, to ihc r.ght andA//, orto dljo.tre togcther.But which way ib- ever the firing be, let the Afpecl of the Muskettiers in the midjl, be turned the lame way,and caufe the pikes whic h ftand before them, to charge at the foot, and the Muskettiers in the Center, to give fire over them. The firftranVe having fired^let them kneele (or fn?#^ low) upon the ground, making ready a- gaine : whileft the next ranks behindethem , give fire^ and do the like: and fo forwards, for the reft. Having zWfiredonce over, this way , let them rife up: and (if need be)give fire over againe, after the fame manner. The Muskettiers on the Angles (in the interim ) giving fire after the ordinary way, wheeling off, and falling in the reere of the Musket- tiers or their own divifions-, the others in the meane time moving forwards, and making good their lea- V 3 ders 2 p 6 A Military Difcipline, or ders ground. This being done, and the pikes having charged; the figure will ftil continue to be the fame, without alteration. And that as well in men as mat- ter: if fo be the firing be performed, according to the former direction. For reducement ,command the two firfi ranks, and two lafi ranks, to face to the right and left : all mar- ching forth, untill they are t7? ere ohhefianding part of the bodie. Next, command them to fiand: then^ face them to the r/^/ and /& into his p/4rt. The Captatne ( Oi other Commander) being at the/ftu/of his Company, commands them to" 1 *" ^^y? h ^ in g^ cor ^ todifcrct ! 0n - The Pikesbe " beconrenicnt. m g advanced, and the Muskettiers marched up ^even with The young Artillery Man. 29 7 with their front-, you may either * face about, wheele * p«uabmit t ot about, oi Countermarch >, zndTo give fire in the reere. "^J^tr Your Pikes then be ingjhouldered, and your Muf- manb if any ketticrshavingjfra/tfx'tt-inthe reere, you may (iff" »r b e nrtr » you plcafe) * jv/^/e your flanke s ir 1 3 the front, and ^' y * W2£ " fo charge Pikes to the rmr. Which done, jv/7^ * wbcelcyoar your/rwwinto the midft; paffcinto your place, and p^^„- face them to you. Then (if you will) you may souldicrs have piflcyour Muskettiers of the left flanke, through uw enough, betweene the rankes of Pikes, and place them next ^Ivc 7?««* > to the right flanke of Pikes,opening the right flanke a »J dm^c of Muskettiers, to give them way. Then let the Twh^nbe * Vn\:sjl:oulder, and Muskettiers give pre to the v^a fcauWtc y/g-^/, upon a w.or/7 : their leaders leading them up t,ie £''?&''*" betweene the Pikes and their owne div flow of to y J?I ^ evcn Muskettiers. Having fired once over, in this way,let withtiuir. them continue their firing to the rght, each leader leading up his file on the out fide ot the left flanke of Pikes. Then* let the Pikes advance, evenwhileft* Vpomhie the \xi\file is giving of firerind fo i oon as the Pikes p^hen^ arecleereofthe Muskettiers, let them face all to there is hut one the right, and charge .Having advanced your Pikes, £^"4 el ° fe and/4f^ your £0^ againe to the /f/f, you may ihcdiftanceof then whecle your Batte 11 about to the rght, and then ordcr » facing the n>/W? £*/ exercife, axe firings and /£*w of battel!. So foone, therefore, as the Drum begins to beat a preparative ', the Muskettiers are to The Mu$w. begin to make ready. tc ! make And fire. 2 o Military Difapline, or And firft , you may caufe them to give fi re on the Home Battel/, ftill marching up into their leaders ground: by that meanes preserving their Figure. Secondly, let the Muskettiers V//^- ■n'forme'e" c ' m & themfelves in the rare of their orvne divifions of so ■te/w,ext«i= Muskettiers. dedm length: The third time of their /zWg, let them rr^/? off other j%« a >e! *by ^' ?>{//0#, and flanke their Pikes : and when they «, h :re u may hwefred over that way, let the Pikes charge, dc don e w ; th- ^or tne foun\\ firing, let them give fire even with out difJrdsr. the front of Pikes, wheeling off to the r/^f and //4^themfelues behinde their ^/jbj. For further directions, looke backe upon the 77. Chapter 3 which difcourfeth of the Convex halfe- moone. Thcpkes may alfo charge, and the Musket- tiers give fire over againe : according to discretion. The Pikes being readvanced, face the whole Wy to one of the flanks, and »w?r^ them 0/** horfewife. Then command them to aW/f their ranks to the r/£^ .-which being done,^w^4»^that ftank which are Muskettiers, to double the contrary flanYe by *&- w/fotf.* which being performed,all the Muskettiers will be in front and reere. Then caufe the reere-di- vifion of Muskettiers to doubkthh front of Pikes.by dwifton. Then let them give fire on that figure ,2s they may fee further directions in the Chapter JXhe^iVes having charged, and advawedagaxrie. For the eleventh /Tr/jerg- , firft /tothe whole £0*^ to the r/g^f : then caufe the halfe-files that then-are, to face to the ran? ; and fo let the Muskettiers give fire to the front and reere .'wheeling off by divifion, and flanking their pikes. The pikes may 3.K0 charge to the front and reere , which being performed,/^? them all againe, to their leader. For th£ twelfth firing, make the Plinthium or foure-fronted battel!: the Angles whereof being filled with Muskettiers. For further fatisfaclion, looke upon Chapter 100. which gives direction, both for the motion and reducing thereof. Next /Sm* the whole Wy to that part which was the/wz^before the The young Artillery Man . - 2 the /^yfovtfg- began. Then, if you would have your En(igne to difplay, man hollow Square, caufe your Muslettiers to ft and, and halfe-filcs of pikes, to /ace to the Reerc: and fo both d/vi/ions of pikes to march, untill their laftranVs are w» with the front and Reere of M its kettiers. Then face 3.M to their leader. If you pleafe, the Muskettiers may give fire upon this hollow fquare, as they march y to both flanks .• ftifl leading up theiryf/w, on the //*/&& of their w <£- vifions, and this will make the *$• firing. But by this time, out powder being fpent, our men weary, and «£& approaching : We will come to reducement. Wherefore, firft caufe the Pikes to t7o/£ their divifions^ and the Muskettiers to march up,e£ft& their/Kwkf into the r^rc, which being done, all the Muskettiers will be in the £«>?. Then (if youwill)/ar£«?/«? off by djvifion , and to flanke their pikes. Or elfe, caufe your Muskettiers to open to the r/^ and left; and 4/00M? your front of pikes ^by divifion. Which being done /double files to the /^* 5 and" they will be all reduced as at firft. Wherefbre,we will now lodge our Colours } and con- elude out feconddayes Exercife, Sec. Ch AP, 3°4 Military Difciplinc, or rr X U ^ V£ Y£. e|. Chap. C VI I. Who'oerer it be that t<*ch eth the po- ftureiorthe Mus<;et: ought tube very eil- gene, in his ir- ihruttion, con- cerning tlie well managing cf their aimes: that they tray n~>t only fire to the Front reeie andflank rBut ih t they ob- fcrve order in th ir motior, whicn willber. ter their exe- cution. The fik-lttder if he have time m-iy inftrud his file in the dift.'.nce J and tnt feverall morions. ir ft 7"AWe off youx front by divifion , which brings your Muskettiers upon the/wkwjbut doth not reduce your men juftly into their places,if your number be any thing great. From thence, make them a perfect croffe batte//, and let your Muskettiers give fire, wAttto*g all *jf to the replacing themfelves in the reerc of their omic divifions of Muskettiers. For the ninth firing, let them giue fire as before ; but place themfelves in the reere of their Pikes ; the Pikes moving forwards into their ground, and charring. Having advanced your Pikes, command youx fianke divifions to face about to the r/g^, and to clofe their divifions. Then command the front and r^r* divifions to n^tf/tf their _/&»*« into the reere • which being done,/**? them to the front proper, (that is) after the right file-leader. For the tenth firing, (your Muskettiers being Itill mthemidfi) let your Muskettiers give fire by /*- troduclion (beginning with the fecond ranke) the Pikes moving ioftly forward. Vox the eleventh firiftgM them gtve fire by In- troduction, The young Artillery Man. i j troduclion, (beginning with the Bnngersup) The Pikes may charge at di( cretio i : then let the Mu£- kettiers ftand, and the P&esntarch forwards.- clo- sing their diviftons before the Muskettiers. And Co let the twelfth firing be by way ot'Extra. ducfion. Let the PiVcs charge; which being perfor- med* command the /fry? and loft foure rankesto ftand; and the reft of the body to face to the rivht and left: and fo to march, untill they are cleere of theftanding rankes. Then let the whole body facea- bout to the right, and let the Enfigne difplay his Co- lours 'in the mid ft. Tor the next, let the Muskettiers give fire being foremoft, both in front and fianke, which will make the thirteeenth firing. Let them rvheele offby divifi- on; placing themfelves in the reere of their ownc di- vifionsot Muskettiers. Which being done, next caufe thofe which opened to the right and left, to face in oppofit/on: and to clofe their divifion. Then rvheele off y our fiontby divifion, or elfe, rvheele your front inward to the reere. Then let the Commander march at the head of his Pikes, all the Muskettiers being in the reere . Then for the fourteenth firing, let the Muskettiers give fire in the reere-, wheeling off by divifion, and flanking their Pikes, which doth reduce every man to his place he had, when the Exercife firft began. Aud herewith we will conclude our third dayes Exercife, and lodge our Colours, untill that the bel- lowing Drum call us the fourth time into the field, to give an account of our proficiency. Till when, we will leave our Souldiersiix their feverail Hurts X2 or 5 g J* Military Bifcifline, or or Cabines, there to reft their limbs, refrefh their fpirits, and replenifh their Bandelters. Chap. CVIIL The fourth dates Exercife. Aving, the fourth time , brought your Souldiers into the field, and ( as formerly) caufed them to be inftru - ded in the Pofiures^ (both of 'Musket 1 and Pike) that fo they may be capa- ble to ufe them both with agility, and withfafety. As likewife taught them their divers wayes @f di- ftance^ with the feverall and various motions : not forgetting, particularly to inftrucft them with rules andpertwent reafons to every one of them: that fo they may, not onely learne to doe,but like rational! men^underftmd what they doe. Which being deli- berately performed, and each Officer difpofed to his feverall place^ the rankes being evened, and the files flraitened: the Captaine commands,the Drum beats, and the Muskettiers make ready for skir- mifh, &c. You rr ay ci- jfc firfi firing, being by drawing forth the inner- LnH thefa- meft files ofeachflanke of Muskettiers, to the right neimoft-or and left, obliquely before the front, and fo to ftand dTSoo" and give fire. Having given fire, let the Bhngers up hade them back into their /laces. And, in themeane time, Theyoung Artillery Man. 3 op time, let the next innermofi files , leade forth and f re, after the fame manner; and fo likewife the reft, untill all the Muskettiers have fired once over\hat way. For the fecond firing, let them give fire obliquely, and f r#^i? the Jront, both at on ce. For the third, let them give fire obliquely : the Muskettiers ftanding before the Pikes, in forrne or" an hollow wedge. Vpon this firing, the Muskettiers fire outwards : whereas in the other, they fire in- ward* For the fourth firing, let them fire upon the ob. liquefV.Totthc manner otthcic firings, with the waies both how to make them&ra//w*them;I refer you to their feverall />/♦&?/, where I havefhewnc them plainely. For the fift firing, let them fire to eachflanke ob- liquely y the Muskettiers making on each flanke, the formes of hollow wedges: and fo they may performe as much to each flanke, (or both flankes) as hath beenetothe/?wtf. For the fixt firing, let them fire over the firft^- lique firing, to front and reere. For the feventhy£r//^,lct them fire obliquely, and erojfe the front and reere . For the eighth firing, let them fire to the front and reere, obliquely: in the formes of the hollow wedges. For the ninth firing, let them fire to the front and reere, obliquely, in the forme of the W. And for the tenth firing, let them give fire ob- X $ liquely, 3 1 q Hilitdr) Difciflme, Or liptlj, on the Fortfigm, which il lb front , rem, In all tbeCe firths 9 xhefikis never come to charge, butftdftdia 2. fquare battel, m clanger or the enemies fhot : themfelues neither being able to iff end the enemy, nor to defend themfefoes. And yet if by fre- quent fra&ife, they were mired to the ufe of the long how, faflened to thtitfikescl make no quefHort, but that, when they mould become expert in the ufe of the Bow and Pike , they would not Onely be afwftwtotheir enemies, by the continualiyfc&ttff jr of Arrows which they would fend amOn^ft them; but alfo that they would be a great meanes to nut their enemies fa utterly to bnm thei r order. On the contrary, if rncn mould be put to /t/tr. the Uw.and Pike , and have not firft well learned the ft/* of the fjfcjtfrita they would be foaunfarfime to them- felues> ansl fo tr&t&l*$omt\& others < til at infteadbf fpyling their enemies, they Would r- out them fellies. But pardon this digrtpM: whildt I proceed to the reft o£ this dayes exerafe. The eleventh firing, being in forme of a tomane T; is to be made as foltovrtth. Let iht ft fos,ftand, and thtfimks of Mmkmim wkeele intdihtftmt: then let them give fire, making an InteYvM upon cochflartkei the Mmhttters of the right jflanke ivbec- Iivgvjfio the n^f; the Mmhttim SFthc left flank, to the //£# ^«^Jr through, and jwfee/f their /w#r into the mm^?, am * tntn J*" «^to the/ratf, let them fy&jrg* their //&j .• and from 7 'fa young Artillery Man. 31 j from thence having advanced their pikes, let the Commander pajfe to the right flanke ; and face the whole body to the right. 1 [\en } rvheele the battell a- bout to the /f/r, umill the Wj» be brought into a round battell: from whence we will begin the twelfth firing. The figure being nude, face the whole body to the Center, and ^/'v* them their directions , what they have to do. When they have received their inflrn- cltons, let them all face about to the right ;prcfent, and give fire. The/fry? time of their firing , placing themfelucs in the reere of" their Mwkcttiers j The fecond firing, countermarching to the right , and 0/4- *•/«£ themielues mthc reere of their pjkes :The pjkes . at the fame time, are to move forwards into the Muskettiers ground : where they may charge over head; and (if need be) at the foot .• the Muskettiers gtviPg fire over them, as in the Convex halfe-moone. The firing being ended, and the pikes advanced, kt the Commander march forth of the round Battell : at that part, where he lhall fmde all his proper file-lea- dtrs. Then let the whole body, be faced to that part, and the file-leaders caufed to march forth, even a. breaft : the Muskettiers and pikemen following their leaders j nnd marchings until! the body have atteined their orderly fquare a^aine. But note, that all your Muskettiers are in the midfi of the battell. For the thirteenth firing, make the impaled follid fquare : the way to performe it is as followeth. Your pikes being now the flankers > draw forth the moitie of the files ofpikemett, from the right flanVe y crofle the fiom of the body (taking the mmoft-files) X 4 kt - x 2 J $#?#7 Vifcipline,ot let halfe the fries of ptkemin of the left Ranke ^ be ^ijp/k Wj^ the >w*, following their irmgers up. Then, /*** all your Musketticrs to the /r <^f the Pikes, againe, from the front and reere> into their places. For the fourteenth//?'/^, (the Muskettiers being ftill in the middle) make the hollow fronted-crojfe* battell j the Pikcmen making the hollow , upon the flanks of the Muskettiers. For the making whereof wheele the front off the 2. firjl ranks , into the midfl. That being done, wheele the reer of the 2 /g? ranks ^ after the fame manner: and then face the reft of the body to the wgvk and left ; and caufe them to march untill there be afquare hollow, in the middefl of the hattell. Then command them to/rfrt to the front , reere, and flanks : which being in like manner per- formed , caufe the Pikes (who arc now in the front of the Muskettiers) to tfS 5«Jfe efifco Chap. CIX. The fifth dayes Excrcife. Aving the fift time brought your Souldters into the Field, if you have leafure, it will not be amifTc for to caufe them to be intruded (in the fTrft place) in the Poflures of the fVfoand Musket. For thofe Souldiers which by often practice of their Pojiures are growne perfecl^ will manage their Armes with eafe, furety, and cele- rity : when, on the contrary, the unpraftifedSottl- dier , will be a trouble to himfelfe , a danger to his fellowes, and a Dormant to his Enemies. After the Pojiures, each file being drgnwemio his place y and the Enjigne (according to former di- rections^ 31 4 Military Difcipline, or T 1 ' — i , i ■ re&ions) brought to the headoi' t*he Pikes ; the Ratikes evened, and the files ftreitned ; the Laptaint (having commanded filence , and delivered him- felfein fuch tcarmes,as the prefent occafion doth require, ever preferring the indufirions and pain- full; and,on the contrary, blaming the careleffe and the flothfull) he next proceeds to inftruft them in their feveraS difances : andthefe, indeed, are the grounds of all motion : feeing that without diflance, the motion cannot be executed. Next to the diftan- ces, they are to be inftru&ed in the motions : ever obferving to each motion, its due d fiance. Next after Poftures, diflance, and motions 3 let the reft of the dayes Exercife.be fpent in firings and fi- gures of Battade. Each officer, having now recei • ved his feverall Charge : The Captaine commands ; the Drums, beat, and the M m kettiers, make ready. Thefirfl firing being performed by leading forth the outmojl file of each Flanke twenty paces (or thereabout) before the Front-, and now come to the place of firing * let the fecond men, ranke to the right and left inward, even with their Leaders .- and Co give fire, together, wheeling off 'by H*vifien : the right Flanke to the right, the left flanke to the left $ placing themfelves on the inftde of their ownedivi- (fons of Muskettiers next the Pikes file-wife, as they were when they marched forth . So foon as the firjl two men of their files, have after this manner ran- ked, fired, and wheeled off ; the next fecond men, ranke even with their Leaders, as before : giving fire, and wheeling away to place themfelves, file- wife, aftertheir Leaders. The refidiie of their frfi files Theymng Artillery Man. 3 \ 5 files are to do ; the like^and fo /till the outer mofi files leading forth, doing in like manner, and ftilliZl- cirg thcmlelvcs, fiu-wfc, next to the Pikes. l^orthe iecond firing , cauic the oittermoft files to march forth to the former d: fiance before the front: And whereas in the Ufl firing, they ranked but two and two , and fo gave fire : now, let them ranke foure. That is to lay, the three men next behind the right-band- file-leader, mall ranke inward to the lefty even with their File-leaders : the three next men, after the It ft -hand- file-leader yanking inward^ to the right j even ahreft with the leader of their file : the refidueof each file, keeping themselves infile-y and cUfing forwards to the di fiance of order, juft after their FiU4eaders. The firft foure of each file, hav ing pre fented, fired , and wheeled away ; the I aft foure wen (being the Reere -half -files) in the in- terim of their wheeling off, ranke to the right and (eft inward: prefenung , fir trig, and wheeling off (as arbrefaid)and/>^7^-them(clvcs in the /facr* of the former part of their ^"/w , which wheeled away before them. The fecond Files are then to lead forth, and to doe the like* and Co fuccemVcly , the reft , until I they have all fired over, this way. For the third firing, let the eutermoft files lead forth to the lame diftance before the Front y whi- ther being come , as to the place wherein to doe their execution > let the files rvtke to the right and left inward y and Co fire all together : wktlirigoff \ and placing themfelvts as in the former firings .The refidue of the other Files of Muskettiersy at riie fame time, marching forth , giving fire , and ft ill placing ^i6 Military Vifcip line ,or placing themfelves file-wife, on the tnnermofi part of their own divisions of Muskettiers; and next to the outfide of Pikes. For the fourth firing, caufe your Muskettiers to ranke to the right and left, into the front; and fo the whole Wy of Muskettiers give fire at once: which being performed, let them/4^ to the right and left inward, and fo march into their places. They may (if you pleafe) open the files of Muf- kettiers, to double difiance^ and fo caufe the files to ranke to the right into the fronts by Converfion .• gi- ving fire after that manner, which (if it be done) will make the fift firing. After this,let them fall backe into their//4^/,and having made ready againe, before you clofe their dfiance, caufe the halfc- files to face about ; and then let the files ranke into the front and raw ,and f o give fire: which will make the fin t firing. Having thus fired, and hcingfa/len backe into their places, let the halfe R\es,face againe to their leader; zndthefiles of Muskettiers clofe againe to their order. For the feventh firing, let the rankes of Musket- tiers open backe to their double difiavce^ and the 3/uskettiers, wheele to ther/^r and left by Conver- sion: and fo give fire to both/ftwifcr. The men being returned to their places, and ha- ving againe clofed their ™»/kj to their order : after fomelittlepaufe, by marching, (or otherwife,) the Muskettiers being all againe ready; fommand your 'files of Pikes to open to the r/g^fand /^f, to their ^0#£/f dfiance. Then command, rankes both of Jl/uf- The young Artillery Man. 3 1 7 Muskets and-Pikes, to open backward 'to their *W/^ dtjlance. Which being done, command 'the Muskets to tfwtf 1 / to the right and //rf^ themfelves in the w« of theii owne 3 1 R Military Difcipline, or ovvne divifions. The Pikes may alfo fort, and charge, at difcretion. The Pikes being advanced, and the whole Company , faced to their former front, command the halfe-rankes o£ the right, ("both J/uf- kettiers and PikesJ to march, and the halfe-rankes of the leftflanke to follow in the rare . Having given them fome time of breathing; then for the eleventh firing, caufe the halfe-files that then are, (ATuskettiers and Pikes,) to face to the reere. Which being done, let the ^/uskettiers give fire to the front and reere, upon zftand, whee- ling off 'by divifion, and placing themferves in the reere of their Pikes ; they moving forwards, and maintaining the M us kettiers ground. Ihe Pikes are then to charge, when they are cleeredof their it/#/I Yettiers. Which being done, and they againe ad- vanced, face them all to their former front. For the welfthfirwg, command half e-files to dou- ble the front inward, inure. To which purpofe, open the front halfe-files (both Muskettiers and Pikes j to the right and / '0#/ half c- files to c/fl/e their divifions. Thus being all rightly /4 #&&£ safe «afe ^5^5 #$te : The C4/>/^ hiving commanded fdence, attention, m&obeaience (three efpeciall w/*tfy moft neceffarily requisite to every common Souldier) hee proceeds to die fe- vcrall diftances ; inftru<5Hng them in the ufes of each of them. Next after the diftmces, he teaches them the Facings, the Doublings , the Countermar- ches, and the Wheelings, with 1 everall observations upon each of the Motions. After which (having f commanded) The Brums, beat; and the MmVettiers make ready for J>* r»/^ , Then (if you plcafc) you maycaufe thrceorfoureof the fir/l firing tobe performed by %& shmmjbmg before the />W£, and hothflanVs upon a march. And to that end, open your front -divifions of Muskettiers to the right and left, untill they are fto* of the reere-divifions of Pikes: that fo they be not trouble. Come unto them, in their awr^.Thenlet your^/k« Jhoulder-, and the Muskettiers, give fire : the front divtfions of Muskettiers ^ firing in flanke,and leading np on the infide of their owne divifions. The Muf- kettiers of the reere divifwn,giving fire'm the reere in r*»ite wheeling off by divifion, and placing them- felves in the front of their owne divifions of ,A//^ kettiers. Having fired once over, and the Pikes char- ged , let your fifth firing be to the Reere , and &#£ flankcsuyona/land. In the which, let the half -files (both Muskettiers and P/fo^ /2tf* to the JCm*? ; the Front-divijion to the right and /e/£ , and fo give fire one each part? thofethat fire to the flankes wheeling off, and placing themfelves in the Reere of their di- vifions of Pikes,and the Muskets of the Reere divi- fions, wheeling off to the right and /f/f , and placing themfelves in the Reere of their owne divifions of Musketries : each Ranke moving forward into their Leaders ground. Having fired over , let the Pikes charge. The Pikes being againe advanced ; /kw/*<* them- felves in the reere of their following divifions of Pikesj each ranke ftill moving up imo their leaders ground. When there reft but two rankes of each di- vi[ton, to five, let the Pikes/w/. Having all fired, and wheeled away 5 let the Pikes charge. Then, /^ the whole Wjy to their firfi front-, and command the firft and /*/? foure r4#foj to/*** to the /e/*v and to march, untill they are *"/^re of the fiandingpart otthe Body. Then, caufe the front half e-files, to face to the />r^ let themgivefire, wheele off y -and charge^ according to dire&ions on Captaine Wallers Fi- gure. . For the tenth firingjet them face to the right and /^//, and give fire to both fankes upon a Jland; wheeling off 'by divifion^ and flanking their IVfo/. When the P/iw. have charged^ and are againe <**/y to him, and in the next place wheele their franks into the/ratf , and fo all the M uskettiers will be in the /ratf : and by facing the whole ^^ to the /*/* 5 all the Muskettiers will be on the right flanke. Lei the eleventh figure be the Diamond Battel/. Having given fire two or three feverall wayes, ac# . cording The young Artillery Man. ^ 2 $ cording to the directions upon that figure ; charged Pikes , and reduced them againe into the Square: face the body about to the right j and paffe the //'- kettnrs which belong to the right flan fee, betweenc the ranks of pikes into their places. Then, the Muf- kcttiers of the leftfianke^bemgclofed to their #&•/, the £0^ willftand at their fir/l order. For the twelfth /frwg, make the hollow Square girdled with JJiot: let them give fire upon that /™* (.both without and within) according to the direcii^- ons for that/frv/^. Let the Pikes, charge ; and re^ce them in the fame manner as I have difcourfed upon that^wy! For the thirteenth firing, Make the Plefiumas you fhall finde directions in the 104. Chapter. Having made ir,jw^ j&$ upon it, and reduced it as at fir ft. Let the fourteenth and lafi: firing for this cxercife, be the Hollow Hcarfe and 00//?. Turne backe to the 103. chapter, where you may finde ample inflru* clions for the making, firing, and reducing o f it. And laftly, that you may conclude 'with triumph , caufe your Enfigne to be di [played in the middle of the //0//W 00//^ •• ^nd then having /foraf, charged pikes , and reduced your men, according to the directions on that /fewff, your t»w will be as at firft. And therefore feeing that by this time night is come ;and our powder gonejwe will here give conclafion to our /forifi <&J 5 Rc.ifons for precedency of dignity in Raukcs and Files. page 1 5 ■6 O f fe*v er all Di fiances, page 20 7 of marching a Company in divifions at length f he order and places of the officers, and againe dratvtn* them into forme of bat tell, P* 2 4 8 Of drawing the Dtvifwns up int$afquare, p.26 9 What is facing, andthe ufc of the tvordjvhetber to be ufedor refufed, p. 2 8 10 of facing fquarc, and horv to per forme it, the ufefulnejfc of Facings, and the fever all parts thereof page 30 11 of "Doublings, the ufe and parts, p. 24 12 of inverfm and Converfion^ and of doubling Rankes. p'4° 74 n°f The Contents. Chap. page 1 3 of "doublings of F lies ', p. 4 2 14 of doublings by Bringers up, p. 43 1 5 Of doublings of Fifes outward and inward, page 45 1 6 Of doubling by halfe Files, p. 48 17 of doublings the Reere by Front halfe Files, page 50 1 8 Of doubling the Reere by Countermarch, p. 5 3 ip of doubling Flankes by wayes of Countermarch, page 54 2 o Of doubling halfe Files to the right intire, to ac". commodate the doubling of halfe Rankes , V'5'l 21 The difference betweene intire and divijionall doublings, and of doubling halfe Files intire, p. 6 1 2 2 of doubling the Front inward intire, p. 63 23 of halfe Filer, doubling the Front by divifion, page 66 24 of doubling the Reere by divifion, p. 67 2 5 of doubling the Reere intire, by th e front halfe Files, p. 70 2 6 Of doubling by halfe ranke intire, p . 7 2 27 ofdoublingof Flankes by divifion, p- 75 2 8 of doubling Rankes mtire^ p. 77 2£>. of doubling Files inure, advancing, p. 7 c? 3 o of Files doubling their depth, p. g 2 3 1 <5/° Converfion and Inverfion, with their words fcZommandj and reduce?nents , p. 8 5 32 Of "Files filinginfequcnce, ^ v p. 8 8 33 Of inverting Ranks, or Ranks filing, p. go 34 Of Ranks fling by divifion, and how ufef till, page p 2 35 0/ The Contents. Chap. page 35 Of the fever. ill farts of Converfion, And how they are to be under food, P • 5? 4 56 of Rankes wheeling by convcrft p • 9 7 37 Of Files ranking in equallpart, p. 1 c 1 38 The conclufton of Doublings , JSloy 55? 0/ Counter man hes.The antiquity, and words of direction, p. jo8 40 c/V^ Chorean Countermarch : and the way to per forme it y p.112 41 of Countermarching. to loofe ground , p. 114 42 Of Countermarches to game ground , 1 4 8 58 of wheelings Anguler, p. 150 5P Of wheeling on the Center. >p. 152 60 of wheeling off, by divifion . \p. 1 5 4 6\ of wheeling the Front inward, towards the Recre. p. 156 62 Of bringing the Flanks into the Front of the Battel/, p. 158 63 of wheeling the Reere intot/jemidjlcfthe Bat- telly p. ,161 64 of wheeling the right fan ke, into the midfl of the Battel!, >p.tf £4 6 5 Of wheeling the left Flanke into the midfiof the Battel/, \ip.167 66 of wheeling Fr^nt and Reere, into the midfiof theBattell, P«i6p 6 7 of wheeling the flanks into the midfiof the Bat- tell, p. 172 68 of making men file-leaders fucceflively , the files being eight deepe, p. 1 76 69 Of The Come-nts. Chap. p-o C 69 of making men file-led ders fuccef t vdy .- tin files bang but fixe deepe, p. 179 70 of drawing tin Files ^WK into a Body : and pr e paring t hem for . 1 s hrm/fh , p . j 8 ; 71 Of firing by for lorne files. The manner, andufe y pa 74 Of the Demte-hearfe Batteli.The ufe ofwefigHrc\ how to make it, and to reduce it by firing, p. 198 75 Of giving fire, advancing, by way oflntroducii- on: with the beneficial/ ufc of the Bow and, Pike, page 2 o 1 J 6 The way to make the Diamond Bat tell . fever all wayes to fire upon it : with divers other figures and fi- rings, which are t hereby produced, p . 2 o 4 77 Of the Convex Halfe Moone; ih ufe of the Fi- gure: and of fever all way es of firing upon it. p . 2 1 1 780/ Extraduct, 6n. : the fever all ufes, firings, arid Reducements . p« 2 1 5 79 Of the Broad-fronted Battell ; with the wayes of firing upon it. p. 218 80 Ofdifmarching, orfirmg in the Reere: thefeve- r all w Ayes, and how they ought to be performed, p. 2 2 r 8 1 Of firings inftanke,tngenerall , and more parti- cularly, of the gathering fir ing. p. 2 2 6 82 Thefecond manner of giving fire to the flanVc. P-229 83 A The Contents. Chap. page 83 A firing in flanke, led off 'by the Bringers up. p. 84 The difference betweene Firings in F UnVe ^mar- ching : and of bringing the Mttskettiers on theoutftde of the Pikes. P« 2 34 85 Of Firing in Flanke : Aud placing the Mmket- tiersin the midft of the Battell of Pikes : with other fi- rings from thence proceeding. P- 2 37 8 6 of firing to the front and reere , upon a march. p.242 87 Afecond way of firing to the front and reere. p. $8 A firing to the reere and right flanke, marching. p.247 89 of fir ingto both flanks, marching, p«24p 9 o A firing to both Flanks, Jlanding. p. 2 5 1 9 1 Captaine Wal lers Triple firing to the Front . p.254 92 A firing tripartite, doing execution to the front, reere, and right flanke. p.12 5 7 9 3 Of the Sconce Battell. p-2^9 94 Of firing by three files at once; two of them flang- ing oblique, the other dirtcl. p. 2 62 95 A firing oblique, by f our e files together, in forme ofaW. p.264 96 Of the Fort Battell; the way to make, and to re- duce it. p.266 9 j Of the croffe Battell ; the way to make it with a private Company . How to fire upon it: and to reduce it. p.268 9 S of the hollow-fronted Croffe Battell, how to ?nake it iJ^'.W The Contents. it with a private Company : and the way to fire upon tt y ■&C n -272 99 of firing upon the fquare Eattell, flanked with Pikes. P- 2 74 too of the P lint hi urn } or four c -fronted- battell ; by ut called the Croffe of Mnskets^flankedwith Pikes. p.276 1 01 Of the Hollow Square for march. p. 2 80 102 Ofthe hollow Hearfe, and the Croffe. p. 2 83 103 Of the Hollow Square girdled with foot. p. 286 104 Of the S oil; d Square, with Muskcttiers in Cen- ter and Angles. The way to make the figure with a pri- vate Compame : how to fire upon it, and to reduce it. P-2j?I 105 Thefirfi dayes Exercife. p. 29 7 106 The fecond dayes Exerafe. P*99 107 The third Dayes Exerafe. P«?04 108 The fourth dayes Exerafe* . P«3o8 109 The fifth dayes Exerafe. P- 3 1 3 no The fixth dayes Exercife. . V'3 2 ° FINIS. tilitttttltlil Ftults cfcapedw the Printing. p Age 17 « line j.fot and, readc ad, p.a 5.1,3a. r.bcfore, p,3 4-firft line ofthen.Ghap.r.to,p36. in the margcm, r. particle, p. 64.1.1$. r.armies, p,74,l«9.r.all, p.78 1.8. r. leaft, p.*6.1.6.r.or, p.SS.l.i 9-r.to, p.87.1.8.r.without, p.87.1 ij.r« drawne a figure, p 89.1$. r.left,p,89 t l.i7.r. file-wife, p. 97 .l.thelafr,r.fatisfie, p.io6.1.3.r.one, p.ioS.l.j, r. in , p.i 1 2.I.5. r > before, p. 1 17.1.4. r. file-leaders, p. 1 19. l.i 9. & 10. r. and with the Chorean it holds no affinity, p. 114, thelaft line, r.bi as atflrft. p.i27.theimm which ftand for the outmoft file-leaders to the right, ftand quite contrary, p. 137- 1. j.r. to-p.140.the figure fee wrong.p 15a 1.8. r. too p.!* 6.1. 11. r.flanks. p.173. Li^.r. outcrmoft. p. 1 76.I. 3*. r. ugurcd. p.»Q7. 1.14 r. commanded, p.217.14. r.up. p. 150.1.8. t. firing, p. 269. 1 i8.r. them. p 4 i72.1. n.r. armcs.pagt. Li j.r. flanks p. 19 3. the title of the figure, r. Plefiurr.p. 296. 1.6. r, to her fererall, &c.p,»97. the roarginallnoteoppofitc tothca vline, r.inQead of one file and elofc. One file of Mu&kettiersto giyefire,and clofe, p. 30i I.the 9. for bo if wife, r herfwife.p. 306.1.17. for Leader, r. Leaders, p 3 1 1.I.1 7 for oterkcad, r, overhand* ^^wa^Qg^^gfgsagt^Apsggffi V- / i \ m jl m&* a m HKaE 336 ■■-,"■■ B