THE CIGARETTE AND THE YOUTH BY E. A. KING, President Central Anti- Cigarette League, NEWPORT, KENTUCKY. SIR GEORGE WILLIAMS, Founder of Y. M. C. A., St. Paul's Churchyard, London, England, says : " I sympathize with your efforts to combat this growing evil, and wish every success and a wide circulation to "The Cigarette and the Youth." Fifth Edition— 60th Thousand. COPYRIGHTED BY Wood-Allen Publishing Co. ann arbor, mich. The use of the cigarette is universal. Many billions are manufactured an- nually. The Internal Revenue Depart- ment and the printed statements of to- bacco journals corroborate this figure: '"During the fiscal year 1896. the number manufactured in the United States was 4,043,798,737. The greatest production was in October, during which month 458. 929,000 were manu- factured. (Signed). "T. W. WILSON. "Acting Com. Treas. Dept.. '•Washington, D. C." May 10, 1897. Each year the appliances for manu- facturing cigarettes are improved, and the cost of placing them upon the mar- ket is very little. They are now sold at so low a rate that they can be purchas- ed by a child for a few pennies, as candy is sold. There is a great profit in the cigar- ette business, and largely for this reas- on it is carried on in its present enor- mous proportions. The American To- bacco Trust claims that in one year it made, clear profit, $4,000,000 from the sale of cigarettes alone. RECOGNIZED AS AN EVIL. This question of tobacco using by the young is no new theme. When it was first introduced by Sir Walter Raleigh it was condemned even by adults, and when Xew England was first settled a rigid law was passed against its use in the settlement. As the years have passed the subject has been agita- ted again and again. The government of the United States of America has prohibited the use of the cigarette at West Point and Annapolis, on sanitary and moral grounds. Many colleges pro- hibit its use. Dio Lewis, at. D.. said tfiat during fifty years five out of every six of the students at Harvard College were addicted to the use of tobacco, ARENTJ PBR -3- SLC font "no smoker had ever graduated at \ the head of his class!" Anti-cigarette leagues have "been established in schools, laws have been passed in for- ty-two States and published. ' [A. general agitation has been raised again and again against its use by the young, but somehow, these things have gone from the memory of the law enforcers and the general public. A new generation of boys and girls is growing up that is not fully aware of all the danger, and in trying to mirnic its elders falls into divers temptations and are led to squander energy and acuteness of intellect in its attempts to "mannish," and there is no doubt that the present adult citizens are responsi- ble for this condition. The cigarette is tolerated as a sort of necessary evil, akin to the .popular "wild oats" notion, * but when considered from a scientific standpoint, and with a moral perception, the cigar- ette deserves its popular captions of "Coffin XaiLs" and "Devil's Kindling Wood." PRINCIPAL OBJECTIONS. First— The Method of Manufacture: Originally, cigarettes were made by hand, that is. they were rolled, pasted and packed by hand. During the last three or five years, however, machin- ery has been invented so that much of this process is dispensed with. Many are still made by hand, and in this process lies a great danger. In writing upon this subject. Dr. F. W. Abbott t says: "The employes of the large man- ufactories of New York, where most cigarettes are made, are mainly from the lowest and most degraded classes— *Read "SUCCESSWARD." by Edward. 1 , W. Bock, eh. § p. 09; also "Young- Men and Mor- alit;-," in NATIONAL PURITY CONGRESS, p. 82. t:\IASSACHUSETT3 MEDICAL JOUR- XAL, Boston, Mass., Vol. 14, p. 486, Nov. *©4. drabs from the slums and stews of the great metropolis, and these degraded women, filthy in the extreme, and often yictims of loathsome diseases, handle most of the cigarettes and cheap cigars, made." The demand for the cigarette has increased, and their method of manufacture now enables the demand to be supplied. The machines that are rapidly taking the place of the hand work are wonderful inventions. The machine is fed with an endless sheet of paper; the tobacco is weighed in au- tomatic scales that pour out upon the paper; it is then rolled, pasted, cut into- appropriate lengths, counted, assorted and packed, without the aid of human hands! Second — The Peculiar Ingredients. Used in Its Manufacture. As a result of some experiments by the writer and others, the following statements are made: A cigarette was "smoked" by a me- chanical arrangement conducting the smoke into 'MAYER'S TEST FOR AL- KALOIDS.* A precipitate was thrown down. This demonstrates the pre- sence of nicotine in some considerable quantity. The Journal "Science" says: "Nico- tine is one of the most powerful nerve poisons known. Its virulence is com- pared to that of prusic acid. It de- stroys life, not by attacking a few, but all the functions essential to it, begin- ning at the center, the heart. A sig- nificant indication of this is that there is no substance known that can coun- teract its effects. Its depressing action upon the heart is the most noticeable and noteworthy symptom of nicotine poisoning. The frequent existence of what is known as "tobacco heart" in *This test was kindly suggested by the noted pharmacist and author of "EDI- TORPHA," Prof. John iTri Lloyd, Ph. G.. M. D. — 5 — men whose health is in no other re- spect disturbed is due to this effect. 'A drop of nicotine in concentrated so- lution is sufficient to kill a dog. In man, it is said, in poisonous doses, to destroy life in from two to five min- utes. Different companies make different "brands" by mixing. The basis of the cigarette is generally the sun-dried to- bacco of North Carolina. Foreign to- bacco is often used with the above. Various oils and drugs are also used. A physician who further investigated the subject writes that there can be no doubt that opium, valerian, cannabis indica, and other appetite kindling drugs are used to a large extent. This is easily noted in the increasing craving for the cigarette in the consti- tution of the smoker. He begins with one, then two, then three, and so on, to five or more boxes a day, until at last an internal gnawing desire takes com- plete possession of the victim. Another physician writes: "The cigarette is made, in most cases, of drugged tobacco." 'Opium is the. chief" drug used, a fact testified to by all who - investigate. "One physician claims that cigarette - smoking is another form of the opium . habit. A noted Kentucky physician writes that some cheap cigarettes are made out of the remains of cigars smoked and the stubs thrown in the gutters . and cuspidores, together with the quids ; of tobacco. These, he says, are col- lected, dried, ground up and mixed with refuse opium and other drugs. An Italian boy, 8 years old, was arrest- ed and tried for vagrancy before a justice in New York City, having in his possess- ion a basket half full of cigar stumps. Upon being asked what he did with them, he said that he sold them to a man for* ten cents a pound, to be used in making cigarettes.— (M. L. in "An Open Letter toe Boys," p. 5.) "A leading journal of Philadelphia. describes the way material is secured for making cigarettes: Scavengers go around to sa- loons and bar rooms picking up stubs of cigars and raking over the contents of spittoons for rejected quids of to- bacco. Tbese are thrown into a sack and carried to the manufactory where they are cleansed (?), ground up, sprinkled with liquor. Havana flavor- ing and other chemicals added, and al- lowed to stand till the whole mass is permeated with the flavoring. It is Then rolled up in its paper wrapping, and becomes the cigarettes considered so dainty. The rolling introduces an- other element of filth, as in doing it the rollers continually moisten their fin- gers with their own spittle. This work is often done at home in the lowest and filthiest tenement houses, often in the very room with contagious disease. Thus cigarettes often become the means of spreading' the most loath- some disease. 'Leprosy has thus been disseminated from leprous hands en- gaged in rolling cigarettes.''— Loyal Temperance Legion Manual, "Men," Chicago, March 20, 1S97. Third — Manner of smoking. The "accomplished"' cigarette smok- er is not content with a single puff of smoke; but he draws the smoke into the depths of his lungs, holds it there a moment, and then expels it through his mouth and nose. The poison is thus allowed to penetrate to every portion of the lung cavity, and. by absorption, is taken into the bloofl.i Think of taking into one's lungs con- tagious germs that in time may devel- op into horrible diseases! But this is not all. The smoke, as it eomes in con- tact with the delicate mucuous mem- brane that lines the cavities of the ±See Kirkes' HAND BOOK OF PHYSI- OLOGY, Ed. 1895, Ch. "Th» Blood" and "Respiratory Changes in th« Blood, " pp. — 7 — throat and nose, causes an intense ir- ritation, which brings on what is known as "smoker's thirst/" This dry- ness is often alleviated by the use of alcoholic drink, and so men are very frequently led into the lives of drunk- enness and debauchery through this means. Fourth — Hereditary Results. "The parent .whose blood and secre- tions are saturated with tobacco, and whose brain and nervous system are semi-narcotized hf it, must trans- mit to his child elements of a distempered body and er- ratic mind; a deranged condition of organic atoms which elevate the an- imalism of the future being at the ex- pense of the moral and intellectual nature." While smokers may be apparently free from these evils themselves, yet children born to them may grow up weakly and nervous, tainted with other hereditary ailments, and quite fre- quently epileptics and imbecile. A certain man, seventy odd years of age, living in H., still retains his even disposition, good health and genial manner, yet all of his children are physically below the average. Tobacco inheritance is also one of the causes of weak eyes, dull ears and mental and moral ob- tuseness among many of the boys and girls we see to-day wearing glasses and loafing about the street corners. A clergyman denied the ill effects of tobacco-using, asserting that his father had always smoked and at 93 was still vigorous. But the clergyman at 61 was a nervous wreck, and his son, the grandson of the vigorous old smoker, was obliged to leave college at 19 be- cause of nervous exhaustion. OTHER PHYSICAL, AND MORAL* DANGERS. 1. It lowers the dignity of the boy who smokes. "Boys are the stuff that men are made of," but the first cigar- ette is lighted in a corner, the boy is ashamed, and the first step is taken in a downward career. 2. It makes him obnoxious to his friends. The aroma arising from the person and breath of a cigarette smoker is most disgusting. Many pub- lic buildings and business establish- ments have prohibited the smoking of them in or about their premises. 3. It enslaves him to a fatal habit, Oradually, little by little, the chains of repeated action grip about his will- power, growing slowly but surely, un- til the bright eager mind is withered and blasted. "Close observation for a number of years convinces us that the use of to- bacco by boys in their teens is the prin- cipal cause of failure. It takes the : strength, shatters the nerves and de- stroys the will power to such an. extent that but a very few who have the habit are able to do our work well." — (From the Tenth Catalogue of the Technical School, Cincinnati, O., 1895-6, p. 30.) 4. The moral and mental perceptions are deadened. The once bright, ener- getic mind, the clear, clean-cut distinc- tion between right and wrong is weakened, and sometimes entirely ob- liberated. All this comes gradually, and the lad is usually unconscious of the change until it is too late to mend. The principal of a Chicago school gives this result of three years of in- vestigation: "In one school it was found that 125 boys were addicted to the cigarette habit. Twenty-five of these confessed that they were too sleepy to study; thirty of them said they were dizzy after smoking; twenty-two could not write neatly became their hands trembled, and several said they felt 'shaky' when they walked. It was also shown that the cigarette habit graduallj- blunted the moral sensibilities of the boys, making them deceptive, se- cretive and untruthful, while very few of them were able to keep up with their classmates who were not addicted to the baneful habit."— (From "Men.") 5. Physical disorders are the natural consequence of this indulgence. They are varied and numerous. Among them may he named "smoker's cancer," "tobacco heart," heart disease and paralysis. Nervousness, dyspepsia and nausea follow in the footsteps of the. smoker. The voice, eyes and sense of taste and smell are more or less in- jured. Drunkenness and gross immor- ality frequently follow, and life itself becomes a wreck. The late Dr. Mussey, of Cincinnati, O., said: "Smoking and chewing tobacco pro- duces a continual thirst for stimulating drinks, and this tormenting thirst is what leads to drunkenness." "A physician of 'Milwaukee, Wis., who recently made affidavit that a cer- tain young man of that city had be- come insane from smoking cigarettes, said in his affidavit: IT he morbid pathological condition produced from smoking is often thickening of the capillaries in lung substance; then fol- lows a morbid change in nerve fila- ments in lungs, which results in a sclerosis of nerve, finally reaching the brain and producing insanity.' " FINAL. RESULTS. 1. Broken Constitution. The lungs and general health are so weakened and impaired that when disease from other causes come, the body is unable to resist, and therefore sinks for want of vitality. (Many cases of consumption began with this habit. 'Out of nine applicants for position on the naval cruiser, "Michigan," only three were accepted. Dr. (Edgar, the surgeon, when asked the cause of the bodily conditions which led to the re- jection of so large a proportion of the — 10 — bays, said: "The main cause is cigar- ette smoking." A bright hoy of thirteen. came under the spell of cigarettes. He grew stupid and subject to nervous twitchings,_ then finally he was obliged to cease" study. When asked why he didn't throw away his miserable cigarette, the poor boy replied with tears that he had often tried to do so, but could not. Another boy of eleven was made crazy by cigarette smoking and was taken to an insane asylum in Orange county, N. Y. He was regarded as a violent and dangerous maniac, exhibiting some of the symptoms peculiar to hydropho- bia. A fine young boy of 18 sits in a dark room, his eyes swollen and painful, the cause, cigarette smoking, He has been warned of the danger many times,, but would not listen, like thousands of others. This is what he says: "I can't see now. They told me it would hurt me, but I did not believe it. I never expect to see the beautiful world again, bin if I do I'll never smoke another cigarette." William Bird began smoking at 14. After four years' smoking, some of the time three or four packages a day. he began acting queerly, then became vio- lent, was taken to the hospital, where it was necessary to strap him to his cot. After a long treatment the spasms were subdued, but he lay on his cot pale and thin, a pitiful object, his sys- tem saturated with nicotine and opium. 'George Mann, a bell boy in Lincoln, Neb'., '"an inveterate cigarette smoker," locked himself in a room, raving and screaming, crazed by poison. These instances can be multiplied by hun- dreds. 2. Death Frequently Follows. I have known of four deaths induced by cigarette smoking within a year or — 11 — two. Friends report others. Physic- ians testify to this truth. A young man of 17 in Hohoken, W. J., another of 19 in Streafor, 111., died from its effects. A choir boy of St. Mary's church, Brooklyn, 16 years of age, an exquisite singer, died in St. John's hospital. The sister who at- tended him says: "During all his suf- fering he neyer forgot what brought him to this terrible condition. He kept asking me to warn all boys against their use." When asked why he did not stop when he saw it was hurting him, 'he replied: "Oh, I could not. If I could not get to smoke I al- most went wild. I could think of noth- ing dse. For months I kept it up, though I knew it was killing me. Then I seemed to fall to pieces all of a sud- den." A school teacher in New England writes. "When I first began to teach in N. A., a certain boy gave much trouble by his smoking. (He ceased to grow at 11, and was very small. With- in a year he has died of paralysis, aged 21 years." IMPREGNABLE TESTIMONY. Concerning 'Smoking by the Young. The first testimony is that of the re- spected and honored Doctors Seaver, of Yale, .University, and Hitchcock, of Amherst. College. They have clearly demonstrated by actual personal exam- ination and recorded statistics, that the use of tobacco among college students ■checks growth in weight, height, chest- girth, and, most of all, lung capacity. If this be true of young men so near- ly grown as college students, what must.be the effect upon younger boys? 2. Testimony of a Tobacco Journal. A yery significant statement is made by "'Cope's Tobacco Plant," a journal ■of the trade. It says: "Few things could be more pernicious to boys, grow- — 12 — ing youths and persons of unformed constitution than the use of tobacco in any of its forms." Another writer testifies that the smoking of the cigar- ette lowers vitality, lessens bodily vigor, unfits the victim for concen- trated study and is usually associated with low morals and with the practice of other vices. CONCLUSIONS. In a case so clearly demonstrated, it seems that the boys who smoke, and men who sell to them, and parents and teachers who stand looking on, should join hands and hearts in an earnest effort for the moral, physical and legal protection of the rising generation. APPENDIX. Numerous interested persons ars ask- ing how to carry on Anti-Cigarette Work. There is a desire on the part of teachers and others to organize among the young people, especially in the pub- lic schools. We feel that this desire should be met in an intelligent manner and so present the following suggest- ions, based upon actual experience. 1. Thoroughly Study the Subject. By sending to Mrs. E. B. Ingalls, 4119 Westminster Place, St. Louis, Mo., helpful literature upon the general theme of anti- tobacco may be secured. Examine the 'Science Series of school physiologies, concerning the physiolog- ical effects upon body and mind. (See list of books and pamphlets given in "Tools for Workers.") 2. Get Others Interested. Carefully mark the printed mat- ter and loan it to friends, whose influence and co-operation is de- sirable. Draw up some sort of statement as to the proposed plans of work and call upon physicians, clergymen and educators; get them to commend the movement by giving their personal signatures, and then use — 13 — the daily press and printer's ink free- ly in distributing the results. 3. Seek to Create an Intelligent Pub- lic Sentiment. This may be accomplished by giving public talks or addresses, or getting others to do so. Se- cure large quantities of these pam phlets, "The Cigarette and the Youth," and distribute them carefully. Seek an opportunity to present the subject before conventions of reformers, teach- ers, etc. Get ministers and Sunday- school superintendents to devote to it sermons and lessons at stated times in the year. 4. Organize Anti-Cigarette Leagues. This may be accomplished in conjunc- tion with school teachers, superintend- ents, Sunday-School workers, clergy- men, etc. We advise the following simple pledges: PLEDGE. We, the undersigned, do hereby pledge ourselves upon honor to abstain from smoking cigarettes of any kind; to abstain from the use of tobacco in all its forms; to use our influence to induce all boys of our acquaintance to take this pledge. With the consent of the league— by two-thirds vote— girls and young women may become honorary mem- bers by signing the following: [PLEDGE. 'Abstaining myself from all narcotics, I promise to use my influence to induce all girl® and boys and young men to do the same; also to encourage those already members of the league. Have the pledge strictly and simply aDti-tobaeco. Do not introduce into it anything else, such as temperance or patriotism. 'For very small boys and girls a temporary pledge is suggested, i. e., limit it to the school year. — 14 — 5. Keep Up tlie Interest. By holding monthly meetings of the league, and once in a while hold a mass meeting of all the leagues, at which time have an instructive; illustrated anti-tobacco lecture. AGITATE. Write letters to state and national legislators urging them to vote for the anti-cigarette bills now pending in nearly every state. Secure names of voters and petition city councils or town boards to abolish them, or at least put a high license upon their sale and see that the lav/ is enforced. • Twenty-seven state legislatures have before them bills for the regulation of the sale of cigarettes and the prohi- bition of their sale to boys. Editor Ober, of "Men." aptly says: ''It is to be most earnestly hoped that' the crusade against the cigarette will result in the suppression of the white- robed, blood-sucking pestilential nuis- ance. A few determined men can make their influence count heavily for the good of the coming generation of boys by urging the anti-cigarette bills now pending." E. A. KING. Newport., Ky., April 16, 1897. NOTICE.— The readers will confer a favor on the publishers if they will send all items of interest along this line to Dept. C, Wood-Allen Pub. Co., Ann Arbor, Mich. A FEW INTERESTING EXTRACTS. A HUSBAND'S TESTIMONY. In evidence of the last charge, which is the gist of his plaint, and. by the way, solely responsible for our theme, he avers that his wife can detect to- bacco, by smell and taste, in the candy from one of the neatest groceries in town. He knows this; for he has tested —15 — her, now .and then, with goods bought, at first-hand, of a confectioner who ex- cludes the weed from his manufactory, and never found her lacking. There- fore, he infers a like contamination of various food-stuffs, and suggests the retail of tobacco, in all its prepara- tions, by tobacconists only. — Massachu- setts Medical Journal. A recent article in the Chicago Tribune shows that the cigarette habit among school boys is making gigantic strides, "several thousand having be- come addicted to the habit, while the majority are so affected mentally and physically that they are unable to make further progress in their studies." Of 125 boys addicted to the habit, only ten were able to keep pace with their classes. "Twenty-five stated they could not learn their lessons because most of the time they were 'too- sleepy;' " thirty were dizzy, twenty-two were unable to write because of tremb- ling hands. They "felt shaky" when they walked. "A large number were unable to run any distance, some not. more than a block. " Nearly all had headache. "Ten of these boys were four or five years -too old for their grades."— (From Good Health, July, '97. HEART DISEASE. Editor The Voice.— The increasing habit of cigarette smoking by boys un- der twenty years of age results, accord- ing to my experience, in organic disease of the heart, and I have known several cases of death to be hastened or caused in part by the use of cigar- ettes. F. M. Blodgett, M. D. T28G Broadway, New York Member of Mass. iMedical Society, New York Historical Society, etc. FEARFULLY INJURIOUS. Editor The Voice.— My experience — 16 — shows that the cigarette habit when in- dulged in by boys of under twenty years is very injurious under all cir- cumstances, and fearfully so when the smoke is inhaled as ft generally is. It strongly predisposes to catarrh, con- sumption and permanent injury of the vocal organs. J. D. Beeck, M. D. Cincinnati, O. Dean of Pulte Medical College. CAUSES DISTURBANCES OF THE HEART. Editor The Voice.— My observation is that the habit of smoking cigarettes is increasing among boys.lt causes func- tional disturbance of the heart, and fre- quently valvitKr murmurs.. I know cases where an organic affection has been caused by persistency of the func- tional disturbance. W. P. Brechin, M. D. 16 Temple St., Boston, Mass. APT TO CAUSE CANCER. Editor The Voice.— The habit pro- duces palpitation of the heart, and gas- tric indigestion, besides many other evil effects. I know a recent case of "ichthyosis linguae" (a disease of the mucous membrane of the tongue) which is very apt to terminate in cancer. It was brought on by an inordinate use of cigarettes. M. D. New York Citv. Editor The Voice.— I have seen death from inhaling cigarettes, and persons incapacitated from business and made wrecks. It is explained in this way. The smoke when inhaled is brought in contact with over 500 cubit feet of sur- fact in the lungs, with immense fa- cilities for absorption, and at once the nicotine is deposited in a fruitful field and incorporated in the blood. Herber Bishop, M. D. Hoffman House. Boston. Mass. — 17 — Surgeon U. S. Mutual Accident As- sociation of N. Y.; Late Surgeon of Her Majesty's 58th Regiment, Canada. LOSS OF MENTAL, CAPABILITY. Editor The Voice.— In San Francisco the cigarette habit among boys is in- creasing alarmingly. Ischaemia of the vascular system; irritable, palpitating heart; atonic dyspepsia and severe nervous irritability, with loss of mental capability, are some of the noticeable results of the habit. Winslow Anderson, M. D. 829 Broadway St., San Francisco, Cal. Asst. to chair of Materia Medica and Medical Chemistry, University of Cal. STUNTS THE GROWTH. Editor The Voice.— The habit of cigarette smoking, indulged in by boys under twenty, results in stunted growth, nervousness, indigestion and disease of brain and kidneys. It dulls the intellect to a great extent. The use of cigarettes among boys is in- creasing to an alarming extent, and I have known the habit in some cases to hasten death. C. P. Chesley, M. D. 754 Howard St., San Francisco, Cal. PREVENTS DEVELOPMENT. Editor The Voice.— The cigarette habit is increasing even among boys of not more than six years of age. It pre- vents development, mentally, morally and physically. C. T. Cranfleld,M. D. 244 Lincoln Ave., Chicago, 111. Treasurer of Women's Home Medical Society of Chicago. INSANITY AND SUICIDE. Editor The Voice.— Cigarette smok- ing is increasing to an alarming extent among boys. It causes nervousness and disease of the stomach and heart. I know of a case of insanitv and suicide — 18 — caused directly by the immoderate use of cigarettes. C. TV. Benson, Ql. D. 521 N. Howard St., Baltimore, Md. Specialist in Dermatology. THE TOBACCO HEART. Editor The Voice. — I observe that the cigarette habit is increasing among boys and also among girls. It impairs nutrition, develops the "tobacco heart" (weak heart) and impairs the vigor of the circulation, producing dyspepsia, short breath and constipation. James Collins. M. D. 704 Franklin St., Philadelphia, Pa. POISONED BY TOBACCO SMOKE. The fact has just leaked out that Mr. TV. L. Mallory, who fell dead in a Cin- cinnati Northern Railroad car on his way to his home in Avondale, Monday evening, was slowly killed by inhaling the nauseous fumes of the deadly cigar- ette and the villainous cigar. At least, his heart trouble, which had seldom given him any uneasiness, was so ag- gravated by the suffocating smoke in the car that he died after breathing it a few moments, and two other men, whose names could not be ascertained last night, fell in fainting tits. The ''accomniodatioji" on the road is * little bob-tail car, with only one compart- ment, into which men. women, and children are all jammed together. Un- til a few weeks since two cars or one large car with a partition were used. One-half of the latter was intended as a smoker for gentlemen. Under this arrangement lovers of the weed could take it easy and smoke at their con- venience. When this car was taken off there was great objection, and many patrons of the road filed their protests. When Mr. Mallory boarded the train he was in robust health. The car was crowded with men and women. Many of the men were smoking. The win- — 19 — dows were all down, and the smoke was so dense in the coach that it could be cut with a knife. Mr. Merriweather, the tea merchant, was on the train, and gives a vivid description of the scene. To a News- Journal reporter who ques- tioned him he said: "The atmosphere in the car was stifling— suffocating. My wife was with me, and we were seated "behind two young men who were smok- ing cigarettes. They puffed out the smoke in immense volumes, and my wife began to get sick. I went up in the forward part of the car, and a couple of gentlemen offered me their seat, which I accepted for Mrs. LUerri- weather. It was the seat we vacated that Mr. Mallcry and another gentle- jnan occupied, so that they got the benefit of the same smoke that made my wife ill. It would be hard to de- scribe the atmosphere in the car. When Mr. Mallory fell over and was in his death-struggles his companion on Lhe seat, who was also affected by the nauseous air, fell in a dead faint. Those who rushed to the relief of both thought they had two dead men on the car, for the other gentleman seemed to be as lifeless as Mr. Mallory. The first thing was to break the windows and let in some fresh air. Water was hastily procured, and all the usual restoratives applied, but it was found that Mr. Mallory was dead. The other gentleman no one knew. He was tak- -en in charge by the conductor,- and at the Zoological Gardens transferred to the other car and brought back to the city, where he was properly cared for. He was very sick, and for a While it was feared he would die. I also under- stand that another man on the car be- came sick and nearly fainted." — From the Cincinnati News Journal, March 1G. Rev. Mr. Kidder, writing in the Ad- vance, refers to a Wisconsin city of G,- — 20 — 000 population in which a recent inves- tigation revealed the fact that a single dealer retailed on an average 300 cigar- ettes per day, or between one and two- thousand by the various dealers of the town. In Lansing, Mich., Superintendent Laird and others made a systematic canvass of the schools, and the habit of using tobacco was found to have been formed by many boys. Some of them had gone so far as to forge their par- ents' names in order to procure the weed. A principal in Chicago says the sale of cigarettes to children has been steadily increasing, and that she actu- ally discovered a boy of eleven years smoking in her office, his desire to smoke being so strong that he ran the risk of indulging even there. BEWARE OF THE CIGARETTE GROC- ER. An infernal method of extending trade has been adopted by a St. Louis grocer. With every purchase made by the small boys of the neighborhood he would give them three cigarettes. As there is now a grade of cigarettes made that wholesale at fifty for five cents, this was a profitable method of adver- tising. Boys would go numbers of blocks out of their way when sent to purchase articles in the grocery line in order to deal with this man who gave them cigarettes with every purchase. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch has got- ten after this fellow, and shows him up as a destroyer of youth. Their of- fice boy was sent to purchase a bar of soap, and was given three cigarettes as a douceur to encourage further trade. The very best grades of cigarettes are bad enough, but when it comes to giv- ing out rank guttersnipes in the shape of coffin tacks as an advertisement( it is certainly time to call a halt. — From — 21 — the Prison rMirror, Minnesota State Prison. LISTEN, BOYS! Hear what Mr. George Baumhoff, iSuperintendent of the Lindell Railway of St. Louis, says about the use of cig- arettes: "Under no circumstances will I hire .a man who smokes cigarettes. He is as dangerous on the front end of a motor as a man that drinks; in fact, lie is more dangerous. His nerves are bound to give way at a critical mo- ment. A motorman needs all his nerve all the time, and a cigarette smoker ■can't stand the strain. It is a pretty tough job for men in good condition, and even they sometimes get flurried. If I find a car beginning to run badly and getting irregular for any time, I immediately begin to investigate the man to find out if he smokes cigarettes. Nine times out of ten he does, and then he goes for good." Major . Houston of the Annapolis Naval Schools, says that one-fifth of the boys who apply for admission are rejected, on account of heart disease, and 90 per cent of those thus rejected have induced the heart-disease in them- selves by the use of tobacco. Dr. Seaver says: "A tabulation of the records of the students who en- tered Yale in nine years, when all the young men were examined and meas- ured, shows that the smokers averaged fifteen months older than the non- smokers, but that their size, except in weight, which was one and four-tenths kilograms more, was inferior in height to the extent of seven millimeters, and lung capacity to the extent of eighty cubic centimeters."— From Good Health, July. 1897. — 22- Dr, J. C. Mulhall, in writing on the "Cigarette Habit," says: "At several of our great universities it lias been found by exact and scientific investi- gation that the per centage of winners in intellectual and athletic contests is considerably higher in total abstainers from tobacco."— From Good Health, Julv. 1897. Dr. E. Hitchcock, of Amherst Coi- lege, says: "In separating the smokers from the non-smokers, it appears that in the item of weight, the non-smokers have increased twenty-four per cent more than the smokers; in growth in height they have surpassed them thirty nine per cent; and in chest girth, forty-two per cent, while in lung ca- pacity there is a difference of S.36 cubic inches (this is about seventy-rive per cent) in favor of the non-smokers, which is three per cent of the total av- erage lung capacity of the class." — From Good Health. July, 1897. EFFECT OF TOBACCO OX THE EYE- SIGHT. Professor Craddock says that tobacco has a bad effect upon the sight, and a distinct disease of the eye is attribut- ed to its immoderate use. Many cases in which complete loss of sight has oc- currcu, and which were formerly re- garded as hopeless, are now known to be curable by making the patient ab- stain from toba.cco. These patients al- jnost invariably at first have color- blindness, taking red to ber 1,000 The Pipe and Politeness, 2,000 pages.. $1 10- Cigarettes and Tobacco, 2,000 pages.. 110 Tobacco Slavery, 200 pages 110 Learning to Use Tobacco, 2,000 nages. 1 10 Tobacco Poisoning, 2,000 pages 1 10 1 Tobacco and the Brain. 2.000 pages.. 1 10 Cancer from Tobacco, 2,000 pages — 1 10> Leaflets published by Woman's Tem- perance Pub. Assn., The Temple, Chicago, 111. Tobacco at Yale and Amherst.. 30c per 100 Tobacco Habit and Its Effect on School Work 15c per 100 Tobacco and the Drink Habit.. 90c per 100- The Tobacco Toboggan 90c per 10O Narcotics. Lida B. Ingalls 50c per 100" Expert Evidence Concerning To- bacco 15c per 100- WHAT A YOUNG BOY OUGHT TO KNOW. By Rw. Sylvanus Stall D. D. A BEAUTIFUL EDITION OF A MOST VALUABLE LITTLE BOOK. PRICE ^l.OO, TTHE best thinkers, pastors, teach- ers, and parents are commend- ing this dainty volume as practical, delicate, helpful, giving as it does the most important instruction in language which must arouse the hoy's reverence for himself in all his powers. TESTIMONIALS. "It is everywhere suggestive, inspir- ing, and strategic in a degree, as I think, not hitherto matched in literature of its Joseph Cook, D. D., LL.D. " Your admirable little book, ' What a Young Boy Ought to Know,' ought to be in every home where there is a boy. You deserve the thanks of every parent in the land." Theodore L. Cuyi^er, D. D. WOOD- ALLEN PUBLISHING CO., Ann Arbor, Mich. WHITE SHIELD . . AND . . WHITE CROSS SUPPLIES. Please gards. Each i cent. Per dozen 10 cents* Per hundred .". 50 cents. manuals. Each 5 cents. Per dozen 50 cents. Per hundred $4.00 W00D4LLEN PUBLISHING COMPANY, Ana Arbor, Mich. ALI MQ a WOMAN tf Sroost pa a o v ' "' I - : ft Wofoan ■ J PRICE .#. /?, ^ 25 GE&TS. & C* I P I S nave long been wanting VJ151LO a book written by Dr Wood-Allen for them, to corre- spond with the one by the same author for boys. At last the de- mand has been met, and the doc- tor's new book, Jttmst a Kidman, presents in attractive form the pure instruction needed by the girl. MOTHERS w i n t fin t t thiS H just what they have been wanting to put into the hands of their daughters. WOOD-ALLEN PUBLISHING CO., Ann Arbor, Michigan. CHILD CONFIDENCE REWARDED.—*- i5tb Cbousand. - - Price, 10 cents. this Eiffle BooK shows the Practical Results of teaching the truth to Children in Regard to the Origin of Cife. "Unique and valuable.'" — Frances E. Willard. "I am delighted with it." — Katherine Lente Stevenson, Chicago. "Most charmingly written." — Alice B. Stockham, M. D., Chicago. " The good it will do is incalculable." —Emily S. Bouton, in Toledo Blade. "The best you have done yet. I can recommend it." — Earl Barnes, Professor in Iceland Stanford University, Palo Alto, Cal. Sent, Post=Paid, on Receipt of Price. WOOD=ALLEN PUB. CO., Ana Arbor, Mich. TEACHING TRUTH. TWENTY-FIFTH THOUSAND. PRICE, 25 CENTS. The aim of this book is to an- swer, in chaste and scientific lan- guage, the queries of children as to the origin of life. Its popularity is seen by the im- mense sale it has reached, as well as by the following testimonials: — Emma Bates, Valley City, N. D.: 1 ' Read this book if you read no other but the Bible this year." Frances E. Willard : "Please send me some more copies of your unique and valuable little book. I cannot keep a copy over night. It would be an evangel to every young person in whose hands it might be placed. I would also invite the public school-teachers to examine this rare little book." Sent, Post=Paid, on Receipt of Price. WOOD=AUEN PUB. CO., Ann Arbor, Mich. ALMOST -*— A MAN. FIFTEENTH THOUSAND. Price, 25 Cents. * > -3~e~s — g— — A frank talk to a boy who was ' ' almost a man," and the good it did him. As it is in story form, every boy will read it, and be the better for it, as was the boy in the stor}\ It is intended to help mothers and teachers in the delicate task of teaching the lad concerning him- self, purely } r et with scientific ac- curacy. •' Ought to be in the hands of every parent in the land.'"' — Toledo Blade. " Chaste and pure, and admirably adapted to mothers in this most difficult, universally neglected, but very important line of work." — Early Education. "Worth its weight in geld to the puzzled mother, telling her exactly what she wants to know. This book deals reverently with the great mystery of life." — Ladies' Home Journal. "I believe this little book would do incalculable good if placed in the hands of boys after they have reached ten years of age." — Wm. G. Lctze, Gen- Sec. Y. M. C. A., Denver, Colo. Sent, Post=Paid, on Receipt of Price. WOOB=ALLEN PUB. CO., Ann Arbor, Mien. . . THE . . NEW CRUSADE Dr. MARY WGOD- ALLEN, Editor. Official Organ of the Purity Departs ment of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, 50 CENTS A YEAR. SAMPLE COPY, 5 CENTS. [TS primary aim is to deal with the moral problems of the home, the school, and soci- ety ; to aid parents and teachers in instructing the young on vital topics affecting their deepest in- terest, yet which are generally ignored by the acknowledged in- structors in morals, and left to the impure and unclean as teach- ers. The testimonials given be- low will indicate how fully it has met a great and recognized need. Co-operating with the National Superintendent of the Department of Health and Heredity, it will discuss all topics of health and inheritance, prenatal influences, etc. Physical education will also have its share of attention. Crusaders of old endeavored to overthrow evil by " force and arms." The New Crusade proposes to emphasize the positive side of life, and, waging a peaceful war, aims to supplant Ignorance by Knowledge ; to eradicate Vice by Virtue ; to displace Disease by Health ; and to dispel Darkness by Light. W00D4LLEN PUBLISHING CO., ANN ARBOR, MICH. THE MARVELS OF OUR BODILY DWELLING. PRICK, $1.1(>. • • • A • • • l££&d ^ EW Book, By Mary Wood-Allen, M. D. Teaching by metaphor, parable, and allegory has been the method of many of the wisest instructors. No one can claim originality in comparing the body to a house, for that comparison is as old as literature. But the simile is still of interest to the juvenile mind, and as science is ever making new discoveries, there is continual demand for new and interesting works on physiology. Dr Wood-Allen, in this new book, has united scientific facts and metaphor with the skill that would be expected from her by those acquainted with her literary powers. The book will be found equally valuable as a text>book, a supplementary reader, or a refer= ence book in schools, or as a book of pleasant home instruction. Teachers in Normal Schools will find it a most suggestive aid in teaching physiology. As it contains the most reliable scientific facts in regard to alcohol, tobacco, and other narcotics, it fills the de- mand created by the school laws compelling the teaching of the action of narcotics on the human body. WOOD-ALLEN PUB. CO. ANN ARBOR, MICH.