IKE 
 
 KOOM 
 
 George Washington Flowers 
 Memorial Collection 
 
 DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 
 
 ESTABLISHED BY THE 
 
 FAMILY OF 
 
 COLONEL FLOWERS 
 
,+' AM '<Sk 
 
 FROM 
 
 TEXAS TO' JIARYLAND. 
 
 BH THE 
 
 BATTLE OF FREDEBICKSBURCJ, 
 
 13 TT HE-V- T0-IOI3EOXiA.S -A-. DAVIS, 
 
 OHAPLAINFOURTH TEXAS REGIMENT r 8. A. 
 
 RICHMOND: 
 
 PRINTED AT TOE OFFICE OF THE PRESBYTERIAN 
 COMMITTEE OF PUBLICATION OF 
 CONFEDERATE STATES 
 
 1863. 
 
 

 • 
 
 

 
 
 

 
TEE 
 
 CAMPAIGN 
 
 FROM 
 
 
 TEXAS TO MARYLAND 
 
 BY :RE-V_ NICHOLAS .A.. XXflL"VIS, 
 CHAPLAIN FOURTH TEXAS REG. C. S. A. 
 
 R I C II M N D : 
 
 PRINTED AT THE OFFICE OF TOE PRESBYTERIAN COMMITTRB 
 OF PUBLICATION OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES. 
 
 1863. 
 

 I itcrordhiK to tho Aot of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hun- 
 
 dred and »lit) -two, by Nicholas A. Davi«,*ii the Clerk's Office of the District 
 Court of the Confederate Suites, for tho EasteTO l>istrict of Virginia. 
 
V 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 TO THE READER. 
 
 In Tiew of the many difficulties by which the Author has been 
 surrounded, both while collecting the material and preparing his 
 Journal for the press, if he has left sufficient room for criticism, no 
 ©ne will feel surprised. For it has been amid the confusion of the 
 camp, trials of the march, and attentions to the wounded on the 
 field and in the different hospitals, scattered all over Richmond, and 
 at every intervening point from this city to Winchester, Va., that 
 he has succeeded in gathering the items of the History of the Cam- 
 paign, which are ttms published for two purposes : First. To pre- 
 serve and place in the hand of each soldier a correct account of 
 all his trials ; and, secondly. To enable each one to send home to 
 his friends the history of the stirring events of which he' has nJado 
 
 a part. 
 
 When circumstances will permit, he designs publishing a more 
 extended and complete narrative. And, in order to which, he so- 
 licits the assistance in the collection of facts, of all who feel an 
 interest in these pages. His thanks are already due to Capt. W. 
 
 0. Walsh and R. A. Davidge. 
 
 The Author. 
 
 54 
 
CAMPAIGN 
 
 FROM 
 TE3Z-A-S TO 3S^C .A. ZEt "Y H, J± IN" 3D 
 
 Tin Spring of MJ61 forms a memorable cpocli in the history of 
 To those who were living at that day, either active par- 
 ent- in the stirring occurrences of the time, or passive specta- 
 tors drama being enacted before them — the period which. 
 ensued fi election of Abraham Lincoln, on the 2d of No- 
 vember, I860, down to the commencement of open acts of war be- 
 M\ . d I ttern and Southern sections of the people of the 
 United 8tat< - — will ever bet looked upon with a degree of interest 
 fully • quel to that which marks any other stage of our Continen- 
 tal eareeri 
 
 True is it, that the time alluded to is not full of startling event 
 or tsagic consequence as some that have succeeded — events which 
 have clothed a land, but yesterday, as it were, robed in the bright 
 garments of a bride, in the fable habiliments of mourning, and 
 1 a pall of sorrow and dismal woe from one extremity of the 
 country to the other — bat at the same time, the changes taking 
 at the time of which we speak, are such as must ever mark 
 it iii' e in the history of the American people. 
 
 The specta >le of a people, at a time of unexampled prosperity 
 and plenty, blessed with a system of government acknowledged by 
 the world to confer the largest liberality of personal freedom known 
 among organized communities; whose facilities for the attainment 
 of knowledge or wealth were unexampled among nations; where 
 ambition was unrestricted, progress unfettered, religion untram- 
 meled, and liberty of speech, unquestioned and unlimited — whose 
 books and periodicals were, but yesterday, filled with songs of re- 
 
joicing and peans of self-gratulation, on -account of these manifold 
 blessings— a people, the wonder of the world, and the admiration 
 of mankind, all at once stopped in their onward career. Peace 
 gives way to discord, and chaos takes the place of system. Law 
 ( and order disappear as if by magic, and anarchy and confusion pre- 
 
 vail. * 
 
 Such were the results of that excited period of time on which 
 
 we now dwell. 
 
 It is not our province to speak of the causes leading to these re- 
 sults. The historian, who shall write of these things, will, 
 doubtless, dive through the dusty and time-worn labyrinth of the 
 past, and uncover hidden causes which had long been at work- to 
 bring these evil days upon us ; and he will establish, by a system 
 of logical argument, that it was necessary that these things should 
 come to pass, which now " overcome us to our special wonder." — 
 Our task is less difficult. We only propose taking a glimpse of a 
 band of heroes, who lived in these days, and whose deeds have 
 formed a portion of the history of the times. To trace the career 
 of a body of men who, whatever part they may have taken in bring- 
 ing on or keeping off the days of peril, have shown themselvps able 
 and willing to breast the storm, and to meet the whirlwind in its 
 course. 
 
 As early as the month of April, 1861, the State of Texas had 
 undergone this transformation, from a State of peace to a State of 
 armed hostility to the Federal Government. South Carolina and 
 several of the Southern States had seceded, and the Ordinance of 
 Secession had passed in the Convention of Delegates of Texas, on 
 the 2d of March. Argument had been estopped, and the people 
 were preparing for war. Camps of instruction for the training of 
 troops were established at different points in the State— militia- 
 men, armed and unarmed, were marching back and forth through 
 the State— towns and villages, but late so quiet, were filled with 
 country people, who. left their farms neglected to come to town to 
 get the news ; a crowd could be seen at every post-office, and on 
 every corner— churches at night, instead of sending forth the voice 
 of prayer or song of thanksgiving, were filled wit'h the shouts of 
 oxcited men, as they were harrangued by some friend to revolu- 
 tion—in a word, on every side could be heard the diu of warlike 
 preparation. 
 

 G 
 
 ..(her camps of instruction, established by order of Got 
 i i en Governor of Texas, one was established on the San 
 
 Marcos river, in 1 1 unty, in which were placed some twelve or 
 
 d gone there for the purpose of organiza- 
 tion, offer their .services to the Government 
 for twelve months. About the time that the organization was 
 to 1 ... n I -»e election ofr Regimental officers, it 
 VI made known officially thai no twelve months' men would be 
 red from Texas* This announcement caused considerable dis- 
 ■flection among the men, who had assembled at the camp by virtue 
 #f a proclamation from the Governor, more especially, as the an- 
 noimcciin nt was accompanied by the declaration that two regi- 
 ment- for M price during the tear would be received. 
 
 It « i Out that Colonel John Marshall, editor of the State 
 
 tte, at Austin, a prominent politician, had just arrived in 
 T« n iond, Virginia, where the newly formed Confede- 
 
 rate Government had affixed its Capital, and that through influ- 
 ught to bear on the President or Secretary of War, had 
 obtained the privilege that Texas should, as a matter of, favor, be 
 ■flowed ntation in the programme about to be enacted on 
 
 oia. The companies were to be formed by the en- 
 rollment of men, and the election of company officers, and the or- 
 ganization of the regiments to be completed after their arrival in 
 Virginia — the President reserving to himself the authority to ap- 
 point regimental officers. This course of arrangement, so different 
 from what the men had expected, disorganized the camp of instruc- 
 tion ; buf er were the men to enter into the service of the 
 country, that four companies for (he tear were immediately formed, 
 upon : nr), and reported themselves to the Governor. The 
 con. | ti formed at that time were the Tom Green Rifles, of Tra- 
 vis count ,G pt. B, F. Carter; Guadalupe Rangers, Capt J. P. 
 Bane, of. Guadalupe county ; Hardeman Rifles, Capt. J. C. G. Key, 
 of (ion/; lea oountj ; Mustang Grays, Captain J^d. Cunningham, of 
 Bexar county ; and on the 11th day of .July, these companies were 
 ordered to break up camps and rendezvous at Ilarrisburg, near the 
 city of Houston. The companies had a day or two given them in 
 order to make preparations for the journey, and those of them who 
 did not live at too remote a point , visited their homos. The citi- 
 
m 
 
 zens of Texas were full of enthusiasm, and offered every facility ii 
 the way of wagons and conveyances, in order to expedite the de- 
 parture of these first troops to leave the State, and who were going 
 to represent the ancient valor of Texas on a distant theatre.' The 
 companies arrived at the place of rendezvous in the latter part of 
 July, and in a few days after the first arrival, twenty companiea 
 were in camp. 
 
 Brigadier Gen. Earl Van Dorn was at this -time in command of 
 the Department of Texas, by authority of the Confederate Gov- 
 ernment, lie had signalized his advent into^Texas by the rapid 
 transaction or dispitch of business entrusted to his superintendence, 
 and had impressed all classes most favorably with his character as 
 a man of energy and ability. Gen. Van Dorn had been ordered to 
 despatch these volunteers as speedily as they were raised, to arm 
 and equip them, and to send thejn to Virginia by the quickest prac- 
 tical route. Gen? Van Dorn however on this occas' on, chose to be 
 in no great hurry to send the troops off. Under one pretence or 
 another, the men were kept in tbe camp, at Buffalo Bayou, for 
 weeks, and until the General could send a messenger to Richmond, 
 remonstrating against the orders which he had received. The mes- 
 senger at length. arrived with a verbal dispatch, (us was understood 
 at the time,) for " General Van Dorn to obey his orders." 
 
 It was midsummer when the troops were taken to the camp, on 
 Buffalo Bayou. £ue camp was in a low miasmatic, unhealthy re- 
 gion, and many of the men here contracted disease, from which they 
 never recovered. 
 
 So exhaustive was the climate and the place on the constitution 
 of the men, that very little was done towards drilling them, and at 
 1 the expiration of the time spent at that place, little or no im- 
 provement was discernible. The time spent there was spent most 
 disagreeably, and many were the anathemas indulged in by the 
 men at the cause of delay. While in this camp much kindness waa 
 shown the. troops by the citizens of the neighborhood, and by those 
 in tbe city of Houston. One instance is deserving of mention here. 
 
 D,.. Bryan, of Houston, had a commodious house fitted up ae 
 
 a hospital, which was filled to the utmost capacity with our sick. 
 He gave his medical attention to alt that were sent, and on our de- 
 parture would receive no compensation whatever for his services, 
 
or reimbursement for bis expenses. Such patriotism is in marked 
 contract with the course of many* who, during the war, have been 
 able to do something for the soldier, but who have failed, through 
 their .^orJidncss of soul, to do so, and it is proper that we should 
 I notice this friend to the soldier. 
 
 DEPARTURE PROM TEXAS. 
 
 < the 10th day of August, 1801, orders having been issued by 
 I ra] Van Porn, the first detachment of troops broke up their 
 Camp at Bsrrisborg, and came into Houston on the cars. The 
 i - wttt despatched in divisions of five companies each, in or- 
 ■ > meet tho exigencies of transportation — the companies com- 
 I eg the first division being A, B, C, P and E, all under the com- 
 mand of Captain J. C. G. Key, of Company A. On that might the 
 companies were quarteied in a large ware-house in the suburbs of 
 the rity, and the next morning, at an early hour, started for Beau- 
 mont, on the Neches, where they embarked per steamer Florilda 
 for Nibletts Bluff, on the Sabine. 
 
 The hour of departure was hailed with rejoicings by the men, 
 and all countenances were beaming with animation ; all hearts were 
 ) with hope and confidence, and every bosom seemed warmed 
 bj enthusiasm ; — the last greetings among friends were interchang- 
 c 1. the last good-byes were said, and away we speed over the flow- 
 ery prairies, with colors fluttering in the breeze, each hoarse whis- 
 tle of tho locomotive placing distance between us and our loves 
 at home. 
 
 At this, the beginning of our travels, which ere we are done with 
 them, will be found to possess more of interest than the gay and 
 lightsome spirit here portrayed would seem to foreshadow, it may 
 .not be amiss to take a glance at the personclle of our friends, with 
 I n for a time we are to be so intimately connected, as to bo 
 their biographers. 
 
 The men of whom we are now writing had come together from 
 the hills and valleys of Texas, at the first sound of the tocsin of 
 war. The first harsh blast of the bugle found them at their homes, 
 in the quiet employment of tho arts and avocations of peace. It 
 is a singular fact,-but no less singular than true, that those men 
 who, at home, were distinguished among their fellows as peculiarly 
 
endowed to adorn and enrich society by their lives and conversa- 
 tion, who were first in the paths of social communion, whose places 
 when they left were unfilled, and until they return again must be 
 as deserted shrines, should be the first to leap from their seques- 
 tered seats, the first to flash the rusty steel from its scabbard, and 
 to flash it in the first shock of battle. But so it is, and we ven- 
 ture to assert, that of all those whom this war has drawn to the 
 field, and torn away from the domestic fireside, there will be none 
 so much missed at home as those who left with the first troops for 
 Virginia. They were representative men from all portions of the 
 State — young, impetuous and fresh, full of energy, enterprise, and 
 fire — men of action— men who, when they first heard the shrill 
 shriek of battle, as it came from the far-off coast of South Caro- 
 lina, at once ceased to argue with themselves, or with their neigh- 
 bors, as to the why-fores or the where-fores — it was enough to know 
 the struggle had commenced, and that they were Southrons. 
 
 "Where companies had not been formed in their own counties, 
 they hastened to adjoining counties, and there joined in with strang- 
 ers. Seme came in from the far-off frontier. Some came down 
 from {Jie hills of the North, and some came up from the savannahs 
 of the South — all imbued with one self-same purpose, to fight for 
 "Dixie." 
 
 Among them could be found men of all trades and professions — 
 attorneys, doctors, merchants, farmers, mechanics, editors, scholas- 
 tics, &c, &c. — all animated and actuated by the self-same spirit of 
 patriotism, and all for the time being willing to lay aside their 
 plans cf personal ambition, and to place themselves on the altar of 
 their country, and to put themselves under the leveling discipline 
 of the army. 
 
 On the evening of the 17th, we were embarked at Beaumont on 
 the steamer Florilda, a large and comfortable steamer, upon which 
 we glided off from the landing, and set sail for the Bluff, the ter- 
 minus of navigation, and from whence our journey had to be made 
 by land. The trip was unattended by any feature of particular in- 
 terest, and all arrived at Nibletts Bluff, on the morning of the 18th, 
 at an early hour, and after debarking and getting all the baggage 
 ashore, the men went into camp in the edge of the town. 
 BAD TREATMENT. ■ 
 
 Here we had the first realization of the fact", that we were actual 
 
10 
 
 rs, and had the first lesson illustrated to us, that a soldier 
 mu>t be patient under wrong, and that he is remediless under in- 
 justice — that he, although the self constituted and acknowledged 
 champion of liberty, has, nevertheless, for the time being, parted 
 with that boon, and, that he is but the victim of all official mis- 
 creant> who choose to subject him to imposition. 
 
 The poor soldier receives many such lessons, and his fortitude 
 and patriotism is often taxed to bear them without open rebellion, 
 but as this was the first instance In which we had an opportunity 
 of seeing and feeling such lessons experimentally, we here chroni- 
 cle the circumstance for the benefit of all concerned. Gen. Van 
 Porn bad entered into a contract with one J. T. Ward to transport 
 these troops from Texas acro-s to Louisiana, and Ward had under- 
 taken as per agreement to furnish transportation in wagons across 
 the country. He had been going back and forth for weeks, looking 
 at the different roads, preparing the means of transportation ; had 
 delayed us in getting off from Texas until all his vast arrangements 
 were systematized, and until all his immense resources could be de- 
 ployed into proper order, and concentrated at Niblett's Blufl' for 
 this grand exodus of two thousand soldiers, who were but await- 
 ing his movements to begin their onward pilgrimage to the great 
 Mecca of their hopes, the "Old Dominion." To hear this man, 
 Wan], spout and splutter among the streets of Houston about his 
 . teams and his teamsters, his wagons and his 'mules, one would have 
 thought that the weight of the whole Quartermaster's Department 
 of the Confederate Army rested upon his shoulders, and that his 
 overburdened head was taxed with the superintendence of trains 
 from California to the Potomac. Be this as it may, on arriving at 
 the Bluff, whatever may have been the resources of our quarter- 
 master, Ward, on this especial occasion he fell short of an approxi- 
 mation to our necessities. We had started on the trip with cloth- 
 ing, camp-equipage, medical stores, and commissary supplies, all 
 complete. The citizens of Texas had left nothing undone on their 
 part to send their sons into tht field well supplied with everything 
 essent'al for their comfort, and, in addition, many things had just 
 been drawn from the agent of the Government, at Houston, which 
 it was important should be carried with us. The troops were new 
 to service, and unaccustomed to marching. It could not be ex- 
 » 
 
11 
 
 pected that they could make the tedious trip through the swamps 
 of Louisiana, unaided by liberal transportation. Van Dorn had un- 
 wisely and unjustly kept them in the sickly miasma of Buffalo 
 Bayou until disease had already fallen in the veins of many, and alT 
 of them were suffering more or less from the enervating effects of 
 that confinement, buch was the condition of the men now thrown • 
 into a thin and sparsly settled region of Louisiana, dependent alon« 
 upon others for every necessity to their new condition. 
 
 Under tins state of affairs we found seven wagons, with indiffer- 
 ent teams, which Ward had procured for the purpose of transport- 
 ing five hundred men, with the equipments and outfit mentioned. 
 Ward had come to the Bluff with us on the steamer, but had gone 
 immediately back, aft' r leaving assurances that his preparations for 
 our conveyance were ample. It is said that the wagons that he did 
 furnish, were gathered jap in that immediate vicinity, and that he 
 engaged some of them even at so late an hour as our arrival at the 
 Bluff. 
 
 The consequences were, that the officers in command had to rely 
 upon themselves for the means of prosecuting the march. Tents, 
 cooking utensils, clothing, medical stores, &c, to a large ■amount, 
 were stowed away with whosoever would promise to take care of 
 theni for us until they could be sent on. Our sick nit n were 
 leit behind, and our journey commenced with what few things 
 could be carried in these wagons. 
 
 Such an inauspicious introduction to the service*, was far from be- 
 ing encouraging to patriotic ardor, and many vented their curses 
 against Ward,, Van Dorn, and all concerned; but -so earnest were 
 the men in their devotion to the cause iri which they had engaged, 
 and so deep their confidence that all things would work light when 
 we once get fairly under the protecting aegis of our new Govern- 
 ment ; that soon all mutinous mutterings or complainings wer« 
 suppressed, and the men set about relieving themselves of their 
 difficulties as soon as possible. 
 
 On Sunday, the l'Jth of August, the line of march was taken up. 
 The morning vvus wet and rainy, and the roads .soft. The column 
 halted in the evening at Cole's Station, about six miles distant, and 
 bivouacked for the night. Wagons were sent back to bring up our 
 sick, and details were made to.go out into the neighboring country, 
 ana" to try and secure additional transportation. 
 
12 
 
 On Monday, the 20th, the troops remained in camp at Cole's 
 Station. It was a bright sunshiny day, the only one of the kind 
 which was experienced on the entire trip. Men from each of the 
 companies were out hunting up wagons, and every hour or two du- 
 ring the day, the agreeable fact was made known by a cheer from 
 the boy*; that an ambulance had been captured. Some eight or ten 
 were procured during the day, and our means of locomotion con- 
 siderably increased thereby. Some of the "ambulances" thus im- 
 pressed into the service were of a most interesting and unique fash- 
 ion. Some were drawn by oxen, some by horses, and some by 
 mules. Some rejoiced in four wheels, and some in two— some had 
 wagon-beds, and some had none — some showed the handicraft of 
 modern mechanism ; while here and there a creaking set of trucks 
 would lead us back to antideluvian times, before men had discover- 
 ed the uses of iron, or learned the arts cf the blacksmith. This 
 mode of improvement was a harsh method of introducing ourselves 
 to the inhabitants of the Calcasieu, and fell upon many of them 
 with inconvenience, but it was our only. recourse, and most all of 
 the victims resigned themselves to the tyranny with patriotic com- 
 posure ; but from the vain attempts made in some cases to conceal 
 their stock from our inquisitive detectives, it was evident that their 
 virtue Was the resort of necessity. 
 
 The next day the journey was resumed over a flat and piny re- 
 gion, and about sundown we arrived at Escobar's store, on the Cal- 
 casieu river. Here we had an illustration of Calcasieu as it is — 
 Calcasieu as it was — and Calcasieu as it must ever be in our recol- 
 lections in future days. The march had been arduous and fatigue- 
 ing, and scarcely had the train halted, and while the men were en- 
 gaged in pitching a few tents for the accommodation of the sick, 
 when the windows of Heaven were opened, and the floods descend- 
 ed. The sky had given no premonitory warnings of a storm — it 
 had been drizzling rain during the da}', and the bo} r s were all drip- 
 ping when they arrived at camp ; but no hoarse mutterings of far- 
 off thunder, no fitful gleamings of lightning had prepared us for 
 this copious visitation of Heaven's bounteous showers. * 
 
 It seemed now as if all the arteries and springs which feed the 
 rivers of Heaven were swollen to high water-mark, and that the 
 rivers had burst their channels in aereal space, and bounding over 
 
13 
 
 the limitless, expanse, were pouring themselves on that devoted 
 spot of Confederate domain, known as Calcasieu. The rain con- 
 tinued all the night through, and we had no respite from its pelt- 
 ings until sunrise the next morning. 
 
 The morning came and brought rest from the merciless peltings 
 of the rain. The bright god of day again showed his face, and 
 again we were travellers. 
 
 A day's journey of 12 or 15 miles brought us to Clendening's 
 Ferry, on the Calcasieu. This stream is wide and deep at this 
 point, and navigable for vessels of respectable tonnage. The troops 
 were crossed over without difficulty in a schooner, owned by 
 Captain Goos, a resident of the place, who not only in this, but in 
 all other transactions with the soldiers, acquitted himself as a clever 
 man and a true patriot. His house was thrown open to the recep- 
 tion of as many as could be entertained, and his open-hearted and 
 hospitable lady set to work with her whole retinue of servants, 
 preparing food for the weary and hungry soldiers. They set no 
 price upon their labors, and would receive no compensation for their 
 bounteous outlay of provisions, and seemed to be only desirous of 
 learning our necessities in order to minister to them. The troops 
 having crossed over, the wagons were next in oi'der, and here came 
 the tug cf war. The banks on the east side of the stream were 
 very steep, and the continued rains had made them so slippery that 
 our animals could not hold their footing, and the men had to per- 
 form the labor of getting them up the bank themselves. A rope 
 was attached to the tongue of a wagon, and the boys having formed 
 a line on top of the hill, thus drew them up. The labor was se- 
 vere ; a continuous rain falling all the time, added to the dis- 
 comfort. All the night long was thus spent, and daylight found 
 them still at the work — but at last it was accomplished, and once 
 more wc are ready to proceed. 
 
 Leaving the Calcasieu, our march was continued through a con- 
 stant rain, through swamps and marshes, lagoons, wrecks, -and oyery 
 imaginable species of water} T element, many of them over waist- 
 deep, until we at length came to a halt, after a day's journey of 10 
 or 12 miles. We were halted in a prairie, immediately on a steam, 
 whose waters were running out of its banks, and still rising. The 
 wagons could not be crossed, and we went into camp to await the 
 
14 
 
 developments of the night. The next morning a rude bridge was 
 constructed, over which the wagons were hauled by hand, while 
 the animals swam across. The teams were then hitched up, 
 and we proceeded eight miles to a stage stand, at a point called 
 Pine Island, when we encamped late in the evening, the Weather 
 •till continuing rainy. 
 
 On the L'oih we had the same sort of road, and similar weather 
 for about 12 miles, to Welsh's Station. Here we crossed the 
 strcan on trees which we felled across it, and with some difficulty 
 got our wagons over. 
 
 2Gth. Came to the Mermenteau river. This day's march was, per- 
 haps, the most severe on the trip. The distance traveled was not 
 so great as on some other days, but at every step the toiling and 
 wearied pedestrian encountered what appeared to be a UtiU 
 deeper and a little softer spot. It was on this day that we made the 
 ing of the " Grand Marias," or more aptly termed by the boys 
 the " Grand Miry." In many places the men waded up to the neck 
 through the swamps, where the alligators lay basking in the tall 
 grass, as if disputing the passage, and seemed reluctant to give way 
 without a stern admonition in the way of a bayonet thrust, to im- 
 press them with a proper respect for the characters of the new- 
 comers. Many were bayoneted by the soldiers, and held up in 
 triumph as they went on plunging through the dangerous waters. 
 
 Leaving this stream on the 27th, a long march of 20 miles was 
 made, diversified by the same series of watery trials, and on the 
 next day, the 28th, we arrived at Lafayette, a nice little town in 
 Lafayette Parish, Louisiana. The troops bivouacked that night about 
 two miles distant Irom the town, on Vermillion Bayou, in grounds 
 owned by ex- Governor Mouton. 
 
 The Governor not only offered his grounds and timbers adjacent 
 for our use, but called in his neighbors and gathered together all 
 the vehicles that were serviceable in the community to forward us 
 on to* New Iberia, distant twenty-five miles. 
 
 Hitherto our journey had been made through a country almost 
 destitute of civilization. No smiling towns or villages had dotted 
 the watery waste — no sight of groaning barns, or fields of waving 
 grain had delighted our visions, as tramp, tramp, splash, splash, we 
 threaded the uncertain depths of swamp and morass. What few 
 
15 
 
 settlers we had passed were a poor class of citizens, chiefly engaged 
 in the business of shipping lumber out of the numerous lakes and 
 bayous, or now and then a herdsman with a band of.cattle or sheep 
 in charge. Now we had again arrived in the white settlement, and 
 were once more among a generous and hospitable people. The next 
 day we made an early start, our largely increased transportation 
 enabling by far the greater number of the men to ride; and as we 
 continued our day's journey, other wagons, carriages, and horses 
 were kindly placed at our disposal, until by the time we reached 
 New Iberia, almost every one had some sort of conveyance to ride 
 upon» The advance par/t of our train arrived at Iberia about 12 
 o'clock, M., arid by 4 or 5 P. M., the whole party were up and 
 ready for embarkation on the steamer. 
 
 Col. Win. II. Stewart, of Gonzales, had preceeded us in order to 
 engige a steamer to convey us to Brashear city, and on our arrival 
 we found the steamer at the wharf, ready to bear us on our 
 journey. 
 
 As a matter of course, great joy was manifested on our arrival 
 at the terminus of our long pilgrimage. We had now travelled a 
 distance of one hundred and fifty-five miles in a period of about 
 twelve days. During this entire neriod we had see # n but one dry 
 day, and the men had not known what it was to have dry clothing 
 or dry blankets. On the march, during the day, they were wholly 
 unprotected from the peltings of the elements, and at night threw 
 themselves on the wet ground, very frequently without fires, where 
 they shivered the night through. In order to travel better, the 
 men divested themselves of all heavy articles of apparel, even to 
 their coats, pants and shoes ; and it was a common spectacle on the 
 road to see a mar.ly specimen of human nature trudging along, 
 singing Dixie as he wxnt, minus everything in the shape of clothes 
 except a ebii t. Such was the appearance of our men when they 
 entered the lively little town of New Iberia. But the generous 
 and wholo-souled denizens of the tow-n soon gave us assurance* 
 that we were among friends, and that the}' appreciated the patriot- 
 ism and devotion that had thrown us in this plight among them. — 
 Provisions, eatables, drinkables, &c, were furnished us in abun- 
 dance, the beautiful ladies greeted u's with the witchery of their 
 smiles, and fathers and mothers cheered us with approval as we 
 
* 16 
 
 came, and sent us away with their best wishes and prayers. Even- 
 ing found us gliding down the waters of the last Louisiana Bayou 
 which we were for a time to know, and in the morning without ac- 
 cident we lay at the wharf at Brashear city. From hence we took 
 the cars for the Crescent city, where we arrived at night, crossed 
 ' the river and were quartered in an old cotton ware-house for the 
 night. 
 
 We tarried in New Orleans but one day, and left on the evening 
 of Sept. 1st, on the cars for Richmond. While the trip possessed 
 an interest as showing the mighty revolution going on in the coun- 
 try, it was unattended by any feature of particular adventurg. 
 
 The journey was slow and tedious. The roads were thronged 
 with soldiers from New Orleans to Richmond, and the whole coun- 
 try presented the appearance of a vast camp. We were the fi**st 
 Texans that had passed in a large body, and on this account were 
 more or less the objects of attention. We were delayed at several 
 points, and laid over at Knoxville, Tenn., four days, awaiting trans- 
 portation. 
 
 We arrived at Richmond on the 12th day of September, and 
 were placed in camp at Rocketts. In a few days the remaining 
 companies arrived, and the whole body of Texans were removed 
 out of the city about three miles, to await our organization into 
 regiments. 
 
 CAMP TEXAS ORGANIZATION. 
 
 Our new camp was situated in convenient proximity to the city, 
 in a healthy locality, and was styled " Camp Texas," in honor of 
 our Lone Star State. Here the drill was again resumed, and our 
 company officers set to work in earnest in preparing the men for 
 the field. ^ 
 
 The great topic of conversation, and the all-absorbing question 
 was, "Who will be our Regimental Officers?"' "Who will com- 
 mand us ?" It has been seen that the two regiments had come on 
 to Virginia* without organization — this matter having been deferred 
 to the Confederate authorities in Richmond — and now that the 
 time was approaching, the question became one of interest to all 
 Texans at the Capital, whether belonging to the army or not. 
 
 It had been lepresented in Texas that the President and the War 
 
17 
 
 Department bad taken this matter of military appointments espe- 
 cially in charge — that their wisdom had grasped the subject, and 
 considered it in all its details, and were resolved no mishap should 
 befall our arms by reason of neglect in this particular matter — the 
 appointment of leaders to show our brave boys the nearest and 
 easiest paths to victory and glory. 
 
 It was said that the lives of soldiers were too precious, and the 
 interests of freedom too dear, to permit incompetent men to have 
 places in the army as officers. 
 
 It was intimated that at Richmond there would be found sitting 
 in imperial state*, .an imposing board of military Savons, deeply 
 skilled in all the mysteries of military science, and so deeply im- 
 bued with occul't lore, that no one but a" man of military require- 
 ments and personal ability might hope to pass the ordeal of their 
 examination. Under such an apprehension, several gentlemen of 
 ability and experience in the field had abandoned their association 
 with us in. Texas, through fear of submitting their humble preten- 
 sions to so severe a system of anylization, and we had come on in 
 calm trust of these flattering promises of the Government, and 
 were here ready to undergo the transmutation from a state of pro- 
 vincial rusticity and greenness to a- state of military system and 
 perfection, by sqme legerdemain of the West Poiijt tactician. ]}ut 
 alas! for the deceitfulness of human hopes, and the mutability of 
 human calculations, it did not appear that we were so likely to get 
 as competent officers over us by the appointment of the authorities 
 as we had left behind us in Texas, or brought with us to Virginia. 
 The first attempt at giving a Colonel to the 4th Regiment, was the 
 appointment of R. T. P. Allen, a citizen of Bartrop, Texas, and the 
 President of the Military Institute at that place. This gentleman, 
 although a man of thorough military education, was not accepta- 
 ble to either men or officers. He had been in command of the Camp 
 of Instruction, at Camp Clark, Texas, and the men had there with rc- 
 markble unanimity, come, to the conclusion that he did not suit their 
 views of a commander. % A protest against this appointment was made 
 by the officers of the Regiment, and Colonel Allen returned to Texas. 
 
 John 15. Hood was tnen appointed Colonel of the 4th, an I a^ his 
 name will appear interwoven through many pages of this narrative, 
 if is not necessary to speak of him here. 
 
18 
 
 John Marshall, of Austin, received the appointment of T ieutenant 
 Colonel, ami liradfute Warrick, of Virginia, that of Major. 
 
 Those two latter appointments were, at the time, matter of se- 
 vere animadversion among the men. Neither appointment was 
 acceptable to the command. 
 
 C tlonol Marshall was esteem*} as a brave man, and admired as 
 an eminent eivillian — an able editor, and a good Democrat— a friend 
 to Secession, and devoted to the cause of the South. But it was 
 Dot deemed that he came up to the standard as a military man, and 
 his selection over the he/ids of others who were qualified, was look- 
 ed noon as savoring too much of a spirit of political favoritism. — 
 
 Major Warrick was altogether unknown, and being a Virginian, 
 in nowise connected or identified with Texas or Texans, his appoint- 
 ment was looked upon as unjust to the men and to the State of 
 Texas. No steps were taken, however, in opposition to the ap- 
 pointments. J. D. Wade, Quartermaster, w'th the rank of Cap- 
 tain — Lieutenant Burroughs, of Co. K., Commissary, which he re- 
 signed in favor of Tom Owens, who assumed the position — R. II. 
 Bassett, of Co. G, was appointed Adjutant, and Tom Cunningham, 
 of Co. F, was appointed Sergeant-Major. Thus was the 4th Texas 
 organize^ and with these officers the Regiment entered the field. 
 
 'i he 5th Texas Regiment was being organized a£ the same time, 
 end a similar policy was pursued in the appointment of officers for 
 it. The first individual who presented himself with his credentials 
 as Colonel, was a representative of the Tribe of Benjamin, whose 
 name is' now forgotten. I do not know that I ever heard it, and 
 how he came to be put forward, where he came from or whither ho 
 went after his untoward reception, is altogether unknown. He was 
 a veritable Jew, and his career with us was of short duration. He 
 came out to the camp in all the pomp and circumstance befitting 
 his high position, splendidly mounted on a steed as spendidly 
 caparisoned — glittering with the tinsel of gold, and bearing about 
 him all the symbols of his rank, in a manner quite unexceptionable. 
 lie rode among and examined his new command, and expressed 
 himself satisfied with the material turned over to his care. In 
 fact, after looking over the tall forms of our boys, their intrepid 
 bearing and speaking force, lie thought they Would do for him, and 
 had as little doubt that he would do for them. In the exuberance 
 
19 
 
 ef his satisfaction at the prospect before him, he exclaimed 
 
 " I links I can manage te Texas poys," and I tinks po/e togetter we 
 can clean out te — Yankees. 
 
 The boys gathered around him and manifested their wonder at 
 the liberality of the appointing power, by divers and sundry re- 
 marks, which to be appreciated properly should have been heard. 
 
 " What," says one, " What is it* Is it a man, a fish, or a bird?' 1 
 Of course it is a man, says another, " Don't 3'ou see his legs." 
 
 " Well," says another, " that thing may be a man, but we don't 
 call them men in Texas." 
 
 With such polite remarks were the ears of our Tsraelitish friend 
 greeted on every side, and while he was at a loss somewhat to com- 
 prehend the conduct of te poys in its full significance, he saw enough 
 to give him some uneasiness and misgivings as to the task he had 
 Resumed, 
 
 The next morning, on ordering his horse to take a ride, our Col- 
 onel discovered that instead of the sweeping air of his proud 
 charger as hitherto displayed, that he came out dejected in gait, 
 and with downcast looks. An ^examination proved that he had 
 been entirely divested of his great ornament. His tail had been 
 cut off during the night. 
 
 Without a remark of any kind, without a solitary good byej 
 
 without one last sigh of farewell, Colonel left, and was 
 
 never heard of by the 5th Texas again. The Regiment was then 
 organized by the appointment of J. J. Archer, Colonel; J. B. 
 Robertson, Lieutenant Colonel; and Q. J. Quattlebum, Major — 
 Lieut. Col. Robertson the only Texan among them. 
 
 The time was improved by a daily system of drilling, the men 
 and officers all entering into the exercises with a spirit and zest 
 worthy of the cause to which they had consecrated themselves. 
 
 We were now organized, and new life and vigor diffused itself 
 through every department, and into all our exercises. The ques- 
 tion of " Who shall be our officers?" gave place to speculations at 
 to the ability and relative qualifications of th'^se who had 1 eon 
 appointed to command. The measles had thinned our ranks, but 
 we still had quite a respectable line, save in one thing. On dress 
 parade there were so many of the convalescents coughing at the 
 eame time, that it was difficult sometimes to hear the commanl of 
 
20 
 
 the Colonel. But when the Colonel himself — with whom the men 
 were not sufficiently acquainted to t*ake liberties — was absent, the 
 made by one hundred and orte men coughing, with the inter- 
 esting style and unique, orders given by the commanding officer 
 afforded opportunity to the boys for the exercise of ttieir risibles, 
 which (they improved to great advantage. And many of them were 
 5«» delighted at the displays as to be heard even until a late hour 
 of the night going through the mamiel of arms. 
 
 REMOVAL TO THE POTOMAC. 
 
 The winter coming on, all felt anxious to know to what part of 
 the field — whether to the Peninsula, Western Virginia, or Poto- 
 mac — we would be ordered ; or if we were to go into winter quar- 
 ters at this place. Orders were received on the 4th of November, 
 to send away all surplus baggage, and prepare for the march, and not 
 until the 7th did we know where we were going. At last ic was 
 announced that we were to become a part of the " Army of the 
 Potomac." All were satisfied. This was the place to which we 
 Wished to be assigned. For it was believed Jhat that would be 
 the scene of active operations, and as the bo} r s were spoiling for a 
 fight, they were delighted with the prospect: and on the 8th we 
 marched in and took the cars for Brooks' Station, where we arrived 
 in the evening, and pitched our tents for the n ght. Next morning, 
 while making arrangements to march, we received orders from 
 General Holmes to remain. It was rumored that the enemy were 
 making demonstrations on the Maryland shore, as if they intended 
 crossing. No further evidences were given of such a design up to 
 the 12th instant, when we received a telegram from Gen. Wigfall 
 to move forward on the next morning to Dumfries. In a short 
 time another message by the wires came for us to move up without 
 delay, for the enemy was threatening his position. In a few min- 
 ute-; every tent on the field dropped, the wagons were packed and 
 piled — and now it became apparent that our baggage was much be- 
 yond the capacity of transportation, and a large quantity had 
 to be stored and left — and a little before sunset the line was 
 formed and wheeled off for a long, mudd}', tiresome tramp. It was 
 an interesting march. We had traversed the swamps of Louisiana 
 when they stood at high water-mark, but we had day light to travel 
 
21 
 
 in. Now we had to sight for the" course, and guess at the bottom. 
 And, if I were allowed to guess, judging from my own feeling, the 
 "soundings" were not so amusing as when aboard the Florilda, 
 crossing the Bay. We had been in the serv'ce just long enough for 
 the compan}' - officers to feel considerable pride in keeping their 
 lines well " dressed, '^and it is unnecessary for me to say that thoy 
 ha"d a. good time of it that night, and especially towards daylight, 
 about half an hour before which we reached the ancient city. We 
 had moved 18 miles during the night, and were present, if not 
 read}', for a fight. But as good luck would have it, the signs for a 
 fight had disappeared, and we were allowed to sleep and rest during 
 the day. Next morning we were ordered to move down and select 
 a camp on the Potomac. But we had not gone far when a courier 
 arriving in post-haste, said " the Yankees are coming." General 
 VVigfall soon rode up and told us we must meet them. The boys 
 said, " that is what we came for," and with a loud cheer moved off 
 — now for a lively time. After a mile through the deep mud, the 
 weight of gun, cartridge-box, big knife, six shooter, and tremendous 
 knapsack, begun to steady the men down to a moderate gait — for 
 they were packed like Mexican mules for market. We were halt- 
 idy and the surplus was piled, and on the, line moved for about 
 three miles. Here we met anot'hcr courier who informed us that 
 it was a mistake. There were no- Yankees on this side the river, 
 ind the cannonading which we heard was the batteries firing at 
 some little schooners passing the river. All felt disappointed. But 
 n the absence of a chance to annoy the Yankees, the boys begun on 
 *ach other, ana there were some good jokes and hearty laughs pass- 
 ed along the line. One .was Recused of turning pale, another with 
 breaking down to get to the rear. Somebody had taken the cLjolic, 
 ind one of the officers had taken the ring off of his finger and given 
 t to his servant saying, " Here, Charley, take this ring, and if 1 get 
 
 killed, gWe it to ," &c, Ac. 
 
 We then moved to the river and camped for the night, and it 
 was several days before we went into a permanent camp, on Pow- 
 bI's Run, where we remained during the winter. There was but 
 little of interest in our quarters, except rain, sleet, snow and mud, 
 with which we were blessed in great abundance. How often.it 
 rained, and how deep Uie mud got before spring, it would be need- 
 
22 
 
 less to tell any' one with the expectation that he would believe it, 
 unless be bad scon the Calcasieu. 
 
 We here met with the 1-t Texas Regiment, commanded by Col* 
 IfcLeod, and the three regiments, l>t, 4th and '»th. were organized 
 into a Brigade, styled the Texas Brigade, under the command of 
 Brigadier General Louis 'J'. Wigfall. The Isfh Georgia was after- 
 Vards added to the command, and at a later period Hampton's Le- 
 gion, from South Carolina. The l>t Texas Regiment was composed 
 of companies that had hurried to Virginia on the first breaking out 
 of hostilities; they had come on without any regimental organiza- 
 tion, and were at first formed into a Regiment and placed under the 
 command of Col. Wigfall. When the Brigade was formed, Wigfall' 
 became Brigade Commander. Col. Win. H. Stewart, on the organi- 
 sation of the Brigade-, received the appointment of Commissary, 
 with the rank of Major, and Moses B. George that of Quartermas- 
 ter, with the same rank. 
 
 As soon as it was understood we were quartered for the winter, 
 the men set about building cabins; audit would puzzle any ar- 
 th-t in the world to give the style of architecture* in the canton- 
 ment, consequently ire will not attempt the task. For some of 
 them were <^i the hilUand some under the hill ; some were on top 
 of the ground and others were under the ground. Some were 
 •. while others were small. One was in this shape, and another 
 in that shape. Mess No. 2 had a high house, while No. 5 had a 
 short house. No. 3 had his chimney inside, and No. 7 had his on 
 the* outside. And the doors — where do you suppose they were ? 
 But I must here call to mind the important night alarm we had 
 about the time these skrllful buildew were laying out their plans 
 and laying oil' their building-;. For it was in the midst of their 
 Consultations as to whether they would have the door by the jam, 
 or in the gable end ; tic window under the bed, or in the chimney; 
 the shelf on the floor, or out of doors; whether all should sleep in 
 one bed, or each by himself — when at midnight, in the -midst ol a 
 drenching rain, a picket, came dashing in and reported the enemy 
 cros-ing the river and" marching upon us. All hands were called 
 up, and the preliminaries for a night attack were hastily disposed 
 of, and all were in readiness for a fight or a foot-race, as future de- 
 yelopments should indicate would be for the best. Over on tlio 
 
23 
 
 other side of the run Col. Wofford Lad his men in line of battle, 
 awaiting the onset. And we heard Col. Hood tell General Wigfall 
 that Colonel "W.. he thought, had taken his position down on the 
 hill-side, in front of his Regiment, and was ready with bis pistol 
 Cooked, to blow them up if the)' came. To # the right we could hear 
 that " same old drum " calling up the braves of the 5th to go after 
 the disturbers of our dreams. And the ardor of Colonel Archer 
 being greater than that of the other commanders, h*e marched his 
 men out to meet them — halfway — two miles from his camp. But 
 as the rain continued to fall durin? their reconnoisance, .we are of 
 opinion — although we never heard from him on tbo subject — that he 
 returned to camp considerably cooled' down. When morning came, 
 it developed ttie fact that no troops had crossed, except about a 
 dozen, wLose object, from the tracts left on the beach, was to catch 
 our pickets and introduce them to* General Sickles, on the Mary- 
 land shore, but had failed. 
 
 During the greater portion of the winter there was a detail of 
 about twenty men from each of the Texas Regiments, kept on the 
 Occoquan, to watch the enemy's movements, and anno}' them in 
 their advances. They soon became a terror to scoutts and pickets 
 from the other side, and chances for a shot grew more unfrequent 
 as the enemy became better acquainted with their style of manners. 
 In the latter part of January, nine of these scouts, principally of 
 the 1st, put up at a house near the Accotink Mills, on the other 
 Bide of. the river, to spend the n ; ght. At a late hour, being led by 
 a citizen, Lieut. Col. Burk, 37th N. Y., with 90 men and a detach- 
 ment of cavalry, surrounded the house and demanded a surrender. 
 The boys were aroused from sleep, and gathering their guns, imme- 
 diately opened fire, which was briskly returned. After three 
 rounds one of the men shouted, ' ; Hurra, boys, Hampton's corning, 
 I hear him on the bridge;" at which they took fright and le't. — 
 Next morning revealed the fact that they had killed as many an 
 there were men ot their own party, and through prisoners learned 
 they had wounded as many more. 
 
 About the 1st of March, 21 of the 18th Georgia were ordered to 
 this party, who parsed up to the Poheick church for the purpose 
 of ambushing the enemy's scouts, but the enemy ambushed them] 
 yet they did not fire on them, fearing they might be their own men . 
 
24 
 
 After going half a mile^ they concealed themselves to await tlie 
 coming of the enciuy, but to their surprise they came in a different 
 direction to the one anticipated. But when in proper distance our 
 men fired and brought down a Colonel, a Quartermaster, a Captain, 
 and eleven private!, and then made their way back across to our 
 side unhurt After our men passed them, they sent off for four 
 companies to surround them, but they svere too late, but we,re in 
 1 time to bury those who had sent for them. 
 
 Early in February, a detail from each company of the different 
 Regiments, of a commissioned and non-commissiofted officer was 
 made and sent to Texas for recruits, who left about the 10th inst. 
 
 AVhile at Richmond we had Divine Services regularly on Sab- 
 bath, and each night when circumstances would permit. But after 
 removing to the Fotomac, for the want of a comfortable place for 
 meeting, our opportunities were lessened. For while the weather 
 was so unpleasant, we had the privilege of preaching only when the 
 Sabbath was .suitable for out-door services. 
 
 EVACUATION OF THE POTOMAC. 
 
 Previous to 5th March, nothing of stirring interest occurred. 
 
 The same unvarying round of damp duties was performed ; but little 
 interest was felt erther .by officers or men. The weather was so 
 disagreeable and the roads so muddy, that drills and even dress 
 parades had to be dispensed with, and cooking, eating and sleeping 
 constituted our chief employments. 
 
 On the date above mentioned, a detail of 20 men was made from 
 each of the three Texas Regiments, with orders to report to Col. 
 \Va<lu Hampton, then on the Occoquan. They did so, and formed 
 a rear guard to his command, as it moved back via Manassas to 
 Frederick-! urg, where they arrived March 11^ and were highly 
 complimented by that excellent officer, in a written order, not only 
 for the manner in which this duty had been performed, but for 
 their services on former occasions. 
 
 Orders having previously been issued, the Brigade decamped on 
 the afternoon of March 8th. After forming for the march, Colonel 
 Hood addressed the 4th Texas as. follows: 
 
 "Soldiers— I had'hoped that when we left our winter-quarters, 
 it would be to move forward ; but those who have better opportu- 
 
25 
 
 nities of judging than we have, order otherwise. You must not re- 
 gard it as a disgrace — it is never a disgrace to retreat when the 
 welfare of your country requires such a movement. Ours is tho 
 last-Brigade to leave the lines ot the Potomac. Upon us devolves 
 the duties of a rear guard, and in order to discharge them faith- 
 fully, every man must be in his place, at all times. You are now 
 leaving your comfortable winter quarters to enter upon a stirring 
 campaign — a campaign which will be filled with blood, and fraught 
 with the destinies of our young Confederacy. Its success or fail- 
 ure rests upon the soldiers of the South. They are equal to the 
 emergency. I feel no hesitation in predicting that you, at least,, 
 will discharge your duties, and when the struggle does come, that 
 proud banner you bear, placed by the hand of beauty in the keep- 
 ing of the brave, will ever be found in the thickest of the fray. — 
 Fellow-soldiers — Texans — let us stand or fall together. I have 
 done.' - ' 
 
 With three cheers for Colonel Hood, and a lingering look at the 
 old camp — the scene of many a merry and idle hour — we took up 
 the line of march, and camped that night on the south side of tho 
 Chapewamsic. 
 
 To prevenjt our movements being known to the enemy, whose 
 camps could be seen on the Maryland shore,- we left our tents and 
 cabins standing, and, for want of transportation, were forced to 
 abandon a portion "of our personal baggage. Of the small amount 
 with which we started, the quartermaster threw away a great part, 
 owing to the wretched condition of the. roads, and by so doing bit- 
 terly disappointed many, both officers and men. 
 
 Moving next morning at daylight, we reached Austin's Run just 
 before dark. This camp* will long be remembered by every lover 
 of the wild and beautiful who was there. Two hill-sides, facing- 
 each other, were occupied each by two regiments. The night was 
 dark and cold, and fuel plenty. The countless fires, sparkling and 
 crackling the dense shadow of the heavy forest, and the dusky 
 forms of the soldiers moving to and fro, combined with the impen- 
 etable darkness of the back-ground, lent a wild grandeur to tho 
 scene, which fully explained the charms of a gipsy life. Started 
 early next morning, and marching all day through the rain, camped 
 about four P. M. on Potomac Run. On the 11th, Colonel Hood re~ 
 
2f> 
 
 reived n »tice of his appointment as Brigadier General. This made 
 Lieut. Col, Marshal] our Colonel, and the other officers took rank 
 accordingly. March 12. Left our. camp on Potomac Run, and 
 crossing the Rappahannock at Falmouth, took a position about two 
 miles weal of Fredericksburg, 
 
 Marcta 13. — A detail was made from each Texas Regiment of one 
 Lieutenant and fifteen men, who were ordered to return to the vi- 
 cinity of Dumfries, to watch vhe movements of the enemy. They 
 captured 'prisoners daily, and on the L8th, at Glasscok's Hill, they 
 saw a brigade cross the Potomac, pass up to Dumfries, back to 
 Ev nsport, and recross the river. On the next day they captured 
 a Yankee Chinaman, who being committed to the care of Barker, 
 (of Co. Gj 4th Texas.) and proving a little stubborn, that practical 
 frontiersman quietly placed the Celestial across his lap, and with his 
 leathern belt administered such a chastisement as that " ruthless 
 invader ' had probably not received since childhood. March 20. — 
 McAnelly, Norris, Gee and Barker visited our old camp and brought 
 away a considerable quantity of baggage, and destoyed most of the 
 tents. On the 27th, MeA nelly and Barker discovered a boat; with 
 what they thought but three men, land at Glasscock's Hill. Slip- 
 ping up, under cover of a fish-house to within thirty steps of tho 
 river, they demanded a surrender. Judge of their surprise, when 
 il o! thret . fifteen men made their appearance, and showed a 
 disposition" to light. This was what " Old Abe" would call a "big 
 job/' and so thought the scouts; but it was too late "to rue," and 
 immediately opened the fight by shooting down the tw6 near- 
 nd hastily repeating the lire, the Yankees "took watir" and 
 pushed out from shore. Before getting beyond range, however, 
 mx more had rolled from their seats, wounded if not killed. The 
 crew briskly returned the lire, but the scouts with commendable 
 prudence, kept ih- house before them) and the minnies whistled harm* 
 lessly. Cn the 2 I April. Barker, Horn and Dickey, having dis- 
 covered a regiment encamped near Evansport, attempted to cutoff 
 and capture four of their guard, lint their motions were discov- 
 ered and the squad broke for camps, yelling '■'■Rebels'''' at every 
 jump. Two of the scouts fired, wounding one Yankee, and Barker 
 succeeded in capturing the Sergeant in charge, but that official show- 
 ing a disposition to be troublesome, Barker shot him down and did 
 
27 
 
 wl&the could for "number one." On the 3d, Sickles' Brigade 
 landed at Glasscock's Hill and Evansport, and moving in two col- 
 umns, met at Acquia church, the head-quarters of the Texans. — 
 The avowed object of -this foray, was the capture of these same 
 scouts; but old rangers were not to be caught so easily. Dispatch- 
 ing a courier to Gen'l Whiting, they quietly retreated before the 
 bafiUd enemy, and taking advantage of every hill to pick off a 
 stragglei , they succeeded, according to Gen'l Sickles' own assertion, 
 in killing and wounding eight of his men. Through some mishap, 
 the courier 'did not reach head-quarters until after dark. The 
 Texas Brigade was immediately ordered to meet the Yankees, and 
 moved at 10 P. M. in the following order. 5th, 4th and 1st Texas, 
 and 18th Georgia. When within about three miles of Stafford C 
 II., Col. Marshall having fallen asleep on his horse while the men 
 .were resting a few minutes, the 5th Keg't moved off unawares, and 
 when the Colonel was roused up, was out of sight. Id a short lis- 
 tance the road forked and we took the wrong direction, and did not 
 regain the right*road until daylight, when we found the 5th Tt&as 
 waiting for us. Here we learned that Gen'l Sickles, after pillag- 
 ing most of the houses at Stafford, had taken the alarm and left, the 
 Court-House in retreat, just one hour before we left Fredericks- 
 burg in pursuit. As overtaking them was impossible, we remained 
 in bivouac until the following morning, when we returned to camps. 
 On the Gth, orders were issued to be ready to move in an hour, and 
 severe punishment threatened all ''stragglers" and "foragers' 1 
 while on the march. On the following day, at noon, we started, 
 the weather alternating With snow, sleet and rain, until we reached 
 Mi Hold's Station. General Hood pronounced this the severest 
 weather he had ever experienced on a march. Here we were 
 placed upon the cars, and arrived at A>hland about noon, where we' 
 remained for two or three days. Leaving here we took the road 
 to Yorktown, where we arrived in tolerable condition, considering 
 the rain and mud we had encountered. Here we were assigned 
 the position of '• l>t Brigade of the 1st Division, Reserve Cor] - of 
 tli" Army of the" Potomac," and bivouacked about one mile in rear 
 of the line of defences, on the ground occupied by the Rebel Army 
 of the first revolution, just previous to the memorable battle of 
 Yorktown. How many pleasing recollections crowd upon the 
 
28 
 
 mind of each soldier as he walks over these grounds, or sitting 
 thoughtfully by his faggots, recalls the history of the past, andcom- 
 pare> it with the scenes of the present. The patriots of the Revo- 
 lution were straggling for liberty, and so are we. They had been 
 oppressed with, burdensome taxation — so were we. They remon- 
 strated — so did we. The}' submitted until submission ceased to be 
 a virtue — and so have we. They appealed to Parliament, butjvere 
 unheard. Our Representatives in Congress pointed to the Mael- 
 strom to which they were driving the ship, but they refused to 
 see it. Our fathers asked for equality of rights and privileges, but 
 it was refused. The South asked that their claim to territory, won 
 by the common blood and treasure of the* country be recognized, 
 and that our domestic institutions, as guaranteed by the Constitu- 
 tion, be respected. These petitions were answered by professed 
 ministers (?) of the Church of Jesus Christ, in raising contribu- 
 tions from the sacred pulpit, on the holy Sabbath, of Sharpe's Ri- 
 iles, to shed Southern blood on common territory. Their Repre- 
 sentatives declared upon the floors of Congress that they were " in 
 favor of an anti-slavery Constitution, an anti -slavery Bible, and an 
 anti slavery God! ! : ' What was now left us? Naught but the re- 
 fuge our fathers ha ' — the God of Justice, arfd the God of Battles. 
 To llim have we appealed, and by his aid and our good right arms, 
 we will pass through the ordeal of blood, and come out conquerors 
 in the end. But toreturn. The spring here referred to is about 
 two miles above the old city, and the battle-ground about the same 
 •distance below. There are yet histories of that battle to be found 
 in the houses, which were not written by the pen of the scribe, 
 but with iron shot from British cannon. "Who would then have 
 believed that the Stars and Stripes, the emblem of liberty, would 
 so soon become the ensign of oppression. 
 
 During our stay at Vorktown, details were made daily from the 
 Texas Regiments to act as sharp-shooters in the trenches. Some 
 of their skirmishes were brisk and interesting. Previous to our 
 arrival, the sharp-shooters of the enemy had approached to within 
 two hundred yards of our fortifications, and from tree tops and 
 riile pits easily picked olF every man wh > thoughtlessly exposed 
 his head. This tlfey c*buld do in comparative safety, as the troops 
 in the trenches were armed with smooth-bored muskets. The 
 
..29 
 
 Texansj however, were supplied with Minnie and Enfield rifles, and 
 what was still more to tbe purpose, knew how to use them. Dur- 
 ing the first day's shooting, several Yankees were picked out of 
 trees and holes, evidently very much to their surprise, and after 
 that confined themselves chiefly to their fortifications. The sport 
 then consisted principally in watching for each others heads above 
 the breast-works, and woe to the man who exposed himself for 
 more than a few seconds. On one occasion a Mexican, becoming in- 
 terested in some object outside the works, incautiously raised bis- 
 head above the trenches, when crack went a rifle, and a minnie 
 ball ploughed through his cheek. Exasperated by so severe a re- 
 minder of his duty, he sprang over the defences and in full view 
 approached within a hundred yards of the enemy's lines, and dared 
 any and all to come out like men and fight him. This they de- 
 clined to do and commenced firing; but either he bore»a charmed 
 life or their nerves were unstrung, for not a ball touched him, al- 
 though he walked back very deliberately and climbed inside our 
 work-. In these little affairs two Texan's were killed and several 
 wounded, all owing to some carelessness or bravado of their own. 
 
 ^Vhile here the horse arrived which had been purchased by the 
 privates of the 4th Texas as a present to General Hood. At dress 
 parade on the 2Gth of April, 1st Sergeant J. M. Bookman, of Co, 
 G, .presented him in the following words: 
 
 "Sir: Tn behalf of the non-commissioned officers and privates 
 pf- the 4th Texas Regiment, T present you this war-horse. Tie was ' 
 selected and purchased by us for this purpose, not that we hoped 
 by so doing to court your favor, but simply because we, as freemen 
 and Texans, claim the ability to discern, and the right to reward, 
 merit wherever it may be found. In -you, sir, we recognize the 
 soldier and the gentleman. In you we have found a leader whom 
 we are proud to follow — a commander whom it is a pleasure to 
 obey ; and this horse we tender as a slight testimonial of our ad- 
 miration. Take hjra, and when the hour of battle comes, when 
 mighty hosts meet in the struggle of death, we will, as did the 
 troops of old, who rallied around the white plume of Henry, look 
 'for your commanding form and this proud Bleed a^ our guide, and 
 gathering there we will conquor or die. Tn a word, General, 'yon 
 stand by us and we will stand by you.'" 
 
so 
 
 Bood here advanced, and springing into the saddle, ad- 
 
 dressed the Regiment in a few feeling and eloquent words, express* 
 
 big his gratitude at this mark of confidence, and promising we 
 
 should no! 'ook in vain for a rallying point when the struggle came. 
 
 Nothing further of interest occurred until the 
 
 EVACUATION OF THE PENINSULA. 
 
 Tlji> important movent »nt, rendered necessary by the fact that 
 ire were confronted by a superior force, and flanked both right and 
 
 I by navigab'e streams, occupied solely by the enemy's fleet, was 
 fixed for the 3d of May, but owing to the mismanagement of some 
 commander along the lines, was delayed until the following morn- 
 ing. It might then have been accomplished in seerec}', had not tho 
 whiskey-drinking propensities of some of our cavalry led them into 
 a trap which had been arranged for the reception of the Yankees, 
 Secret mines had been placed in several houses, to explode on en- 
 trance, [gnorant of this fact, our enterprising troopers burst open 
 9 door, and though unsuccessful in their search for liquor, came oat 
 of the house considerably " olevated," though without any serious 
 results to themselves. The explosion which followed started other 
 match < i, and soon it seemed as thougu a fierce battle was raging in 
 the ancient little city, Many of the buildings caught fire, and just 
 
 I lie grey of morning began to tinge the eastern sky, a lurid glaro 
 was thrown upon the surrounding country, which gave a wild and 
 exaggerated aspect to every object in sight. It was a grand spene. 
 Our army had already passe I up the road towards Williamsburg, 
 leaving Whiting-'s Division, of which we were a part, as the rear 
 guard. We remained here in line of battle until sunrise, when wo 
 took up the line of march, the Texas Brigade i'» the rear and the 
 4th Texas in rear of that. Why our men were so often used as 
 the rear guard, not only to the army corps, to which they belong, 
 but detailed for other portions, as in the case of Hampton's Legion 
 in evacuating the Potomac, I never could imagine, unless it was for 
 their superiority in woodcraft and skirmishing. After a tiresome 
 day's march, during which we were several times thrown into line 
 of battle, we reached Williamsburg, where the army had halted at 
 about 5 P. M,j and passing through, bivouacked about t\\p miles 
 above town. Aboyt an hour after we had passed through, the ad- 
 
*31 
 
 Vance guard of the enemy appeared, and after exchanging a few 
 artillery compliments, retired. On the following morning a field 
 onset was made and continued until evening. In this battle the 
 Federals were repulsed with a heiv}' loss, amounting in killed, 
 wounded and prisoners to about 5,000. Our loss was also severe 
 and amount* J to about 2-,500. The courage and endurance of our 
 troops were fearfully tried in this engagement, but they stood the 
 test like true Sout'.irons and patriots, battling for freedom. On 
 the night previous to tins battle, news reached our Generals that 
 the enemy with gun-boats and transports was pushing up York 
 river. It was now evident that by a rapid movement on our rear 
 they expected to retard our progress until they could debark 
 troops at Eltham's Landing, opposite West Point, and by catting 
 
 our army in two, at least capture our artillery and wagon train. 
 
 (In at energy and courage were now required to save the retreat- 
 ing army. If they were allowed tinv to select and occupy their 
 positions, serious disaster must be the result. This enterprise was 
 committed to proper hands. At 11 o'clock that night, General 
 Whiting's Division, notwithstanding their hard day's march, were 
 called up and put in motion. Through the rain and mud they 
 marched until day, and on until night again, when a halt was or- 
 dered, and tired, hungry and wet, the men dropped where I hey 
 fctood and slept in spite of the storm. The next mornin"- scouts 
 were thrown out to feel for the position of the encmv, and the 
 Command was allowed a (cw hours rest. This being "ration day " 
 and the commissary "missing," the men were informed that they 
 could go across the road to a corn -crib and lielp themselves to some 
 com on the cob. to be eaten raw, or roasted in the ashes as their dif- 
 ferent tastes might prompt. All were hungry enough to appreciate 
 this liberality, and such corn-cracking as followed has seldom been 
 heard outside a hog-pen, and a hearty laugh went round, when 
 some wag, seated on a log, called imperiously for," a bundle <>f fod- 
 der and bucket of salt and water." After night, two men of the 5th 
 Texas got separated from their company, which was out on picket 
 duty, and while searching for it came upon a squad of men in the 
 woo 's, just as the order " Fall in — company " was delivered. N>t 
 being ceremoniou- they obeyed promptly and marched off. Judgfl 
 of their, surpri-c and chagrin when they, too late, discovered that 
 
• •-. 
 
 l.ad j >ined a Yankee company, and being unable to " surround 
 it'* a- the [cishman diuVthe Hessians, they quietly surrendered 
 their arms, and acknowledged themselves "taken in." 
 
 !T1.K OF ELTHABTS LANDING. 
 
 The command was put in motion at daylight of May 7th, and 
 about 7 o'clock A. M.. came upon a picket of the enemy, who fired 
 ■ ti. Hood, who was riding at the head of the 4th 
 is, now in front. Cue shot struck Cofporal Sapp, of Co. II, in 
 tbe bead, inflicting a severe but not dangerous wound. Private 
 John Deal, of Co. A, whose gun was loaded, immediately fired 
 upon tbe pickets as they run. and struck the only one in sight, 
 killing him instantly. Some confusion was observed at first in con- 
 sequence of empty guns, and Col. Marshall's order to "Fall back 
 into the woods and load 5" but Gen. Hood immediately called out 
 to the men to " move up," which they did at double quick, and 
 line of battle was immediately formed on jthe brow of a hill. Be- 
 yond this hill, which had^a precipitous descent, W-ffS an open field 
 of si . ht hundred yards width. On the oppisitc side were 
 
 some four or live companies of the enemy, who immediately began 
 falling back into the timber, but not until several random shots 
 had been fired by our men, which we afterwards discovered had 
 killed five and wounded as many more. Company E (Capt. Car- 
 ter) was then ordered by Gen. Hood to deploy as skirmishers and 
 "feel the enemy." They advanced across the open fiekl, and en- 
 tering the timber, began a " running fight." Co. G (Captain 
 Ilutchcson) was then ordered forward to support Co. B, if neces- 
 sary ; if not, to deploy on its right — the latter course was adopted. 
 Co. K (Capt. Martin) was next sent to support Co. I>, and Co. E. 
 (Captain Ryon) to the support of Co. G. After retreating about 
 half a mile, the Yankees made a stand behind an old mill-dam, and 
 a spirited engagement ensued between them and Hie right platoon 
 of Co. B, under Captain Carter, and Co. G., Capt. Ilutcheson. — 
 Co. II (Capt. Porter) now arrived upon the ground, with orders "to 
 support the left platoon of Co. B, under Lieut. Walsh. The firing 
 now became general, and the enemy, many of their guns missing 
 fire, threw them down and lied. Wli'le pursuing them, the second 
 platoon of Co. B came upon a large force, (some two hundred,) 
 
33 
 
 protected by a heavy palisade. This was more than was bargained 
 for, and the boys, some twenty-five in number, immediately "treed"- 
 and answered their volleys, by picking off every one who showed 
 his head. At this juncture Gen. Hood appeared, and ordered the 
 Lieutenant in command to charge the works, and he would send 
 support. Just as the command "charge" was given, and the boys 
 with a yell, bad started for the works, the first platoon of Co. B 
 appeared upon the left flank of the palisade, and the Yankees fled 
 in confusion, leaving seventeen killed and several wounded in the 
 track of their flight. While Co. B was thus engaged, Co. G had 
 also had its share of "fun." Discovering a company of about eighty 
 Yankees, Capt. Hutcheson with his company and part of Co. E, 
 attacked them so vigorously, that they dared not run, and wcra 
 so unnerved, that they fired volley after volley into -the t#ec-tops. 
 Capt. Hutcheson, who was a Chesterfield in manner, did not for a 
 moment forget himself during the fight. "Charge them, gentle- 
 men, charge them." "Aim low, gentlemen, aim at their waist- 
 bands," were his constant exhortations, until a portion of the enemy 
 cried for quarters. "Throw down your arms, gentlemen, you 
 scoundrels, throw them down." Sixteen obeyed the order, and the 
 remainder taking advantage of the momentary cessation of hostili- 
 ties, turned and fled. Bewildered, however, they took the wrong 
 direction, and coming upon the 5th Texas where it was lying down 
 in line-of-battle, they were greeted by a vo]lc} r , which left not one 
 standing. The fruits of Capt. H's victory, were eleven killed, sove- 
 ral wounded, and sixteen prisoners, together with several stand of 
 arms. While these events were transpiring, the 1st, 5th, and re- 
 mainder 'of the 4th Texas had entered the timber, leaving the 18th 
 Georgia to support the artillery in the rear. A Yankee regiment 
 now appeared upon the left and rear of the skirmishers, with the 
 intention, doubtless, of cutting them off. Here we witnessed for 
 the first time, 
 
 THE GALLANTRY OF THE FIRST TEXAS. 
 
 The regiment now advancing, 1st California, evidently intended 
 to fight well, and advanced steadily to within eighty paces of tho 
 1st Texas, when they halted, poured in a volley, and with three 
 huzzahs, attempted to charge. This was expected, and " aim low,. 
 
34 
 
 fire," was ordered by Colonel Rainy, and a discharge followed 
 that scorned to mow down the whole front rank, and sent the 
 remainder in confusion back again. A whole-souled hearty yell 
 now went up from the 'JVxans, such as enly Southerners c$n 
 give, and they in turn, charged. But the Californians were not yet 
 re:ily to yield, and rallying, they made a stubborn resistance, and 
 for about twenty minutes, the fire raged with terrible fury. The 
 is charged again, and the enemy broke and lied, leaving 
 about two hundred killed and wounded on the field, and several 
 prisoner* in our hands. The loss of the 1st Texas in this engage- 
 ment, was eleven killed and twenty-one wounded. Among the 
 former, however, we regret to chronicle Lieutenant- Colonel Black 
 a nd Captain Decatur, who were loved and mourned by all, as ITraYe 
 men. • • 
 
 After the rout of this regiment, the enemy did not again attack 
 us, but contented themselves with shelling us from their'gunboats 
 and sweeping the woods with grape, from a battery they had plant- 
 ed upon the river bank, without, however, doing us the slightest 
 injury. While this was going on, the boys had a hearty laugh at 
 the conduct of an 
 
 INDIAN WARRIOR, 
 
 who was attached to the 1st Texas Regiment. During the entire 
 battle, with musketry, he had conducted himself in the most gaL 
 lant manner, and had even succeeded in capturing a Yankee, whom 
 he turned over to the proper officer, with the brief announcement 
 K Major, Yank yours, gun mine," and again participated in the strug- 
 gle. When the first shell came tearing through the tree- tops, with 
 its screaming inquiry, " whore you, where you," he uttered a signifi- 
 cant " ugh !" and listened until it burst. At that instant, another 
 came, and exploded just over our heads, when he sprang to his feet 
 exclaiming, " no good for Indian," and made for the rear with the 
 agility of an antelope. The boys did not, however, reproach him 
 because it has long been understood that Indians won't stand to be 
 shot at by wagons, more particularly when the projectile itself 
 shoots so terribly. The entire loss of the brigade in this engage- 
 ment was thirty-seven. Of that number, Captain Denny, Commis- 
 sary of the 5th, was killed by a picket,?and two men captured, as 
 
35 
 
 previously related. Corporal Sapp, of Co. II, and private Spencer^ 
 of Co. G, 4th Texas, were wounded, all the other casualitiea were 
 of the 1st Texas, of which regiment, we cannot speak too highly.-T- 
 Theseare the men who came from their distant homes, at their own 
 expense, before the President had called upon Texas for troops, to 
 assist tn this great struggle. And, though their names have not 
 occupied a place in "the journals of the day, they have ever been at 
 their posts, ready and willing to do and die for our common cause. 
 They are a liiaely, merry set, and though often hungry and " rag- 
 ged," they have shown in numberless instances, that they can march 
 us far, and fight as hard, as nny troops in the service. 
 
 THE ENEMY'S LOSS 
 
 in this engagement, as estimated by General Hood in his official re- 
 port, was three hundred killed and wounded, and one hundred and 
 twenty-six prisoners. McClellan's estimate is even greater, as he 
 reported a loss of five hundred men and officers. This is probably 
 correct, though a New York paper, which claims that the troops 
 participating in this battle were chiefly from that section, viz: Al- 
 bany, states the entire loss at twelve hundred. A correspondent of 
 the New York " Herald," writing from West Point soon after the 
 fight, gravely asserts that they " were charged furiously by four regi- 
 ments of negroes !" This paragraph caused considerable sport among 
 the boys, being regarded as a direct reflection upon the state of the 
 brigade toilet. The writer, however, was in probability, more 
 knave than fool, for just at that period, the question of enlisting 
 slaves in the United States army was being agitated, and such an 
 assertion would not be without its effect on the unthinking masses 
 -of the North. k 
 
 THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS BATTLE, 
 
 in reference to which, the Richmond papers have been silent, can- 
 not be better illustrated than by reference to the language of some 
 of our general officers. President Davis, in conversation with one 
 •of our Senators, paid, in speaking of the Texas Brigade, " they 
 .saved the rear of our army, and the whole of our baggage trail." 
 
 General Gustavus W. Smith, in a letter to Colonel Horace Ran- 
 dall, writes, M the Texans won immortal honor for themselves, their 
 
56 
 
 State, and for their commander, General Hood, at the battle of 
 Eltham's Landing, near West Point. With forty thousand such 
 men, 1 would not hesitate to invade the North-, and would before 
 winter, make them sue for peace upon our terms, or destroy their 
 whole country. But In praise of the Texas Brigade of. my Divi- 
 > n, I could talk a week, and then not say half they dese^re. If 
 the regiments now organized in Texas, could be transported here, 
 and armed to-morrow, properly led, they would end the war in 
 three months. • 
 
 General Samuel W. Melton, also writes, " here we first had a fair 
 sample of your Texans, under Hood. Tney are, incomparably, the 
 best lighters in- the Confederacy j men upon whom one could de- 
 pend under all circumstances — who seem to fight for the very love 
 of it. * * * Oh ! that we had more of them. Forty thousand 
 such men could march through Yankeedom now, from one end to 
 the other, and conquer a peace in a month.'' 
 
 THE BRIGADE " CUTS DIRT," WHILE THE 
 YANKEES DIG. 
 
 The fighting ended at 2 o'clock, P. M., and the enemy showing 
 no disposition to leave their gunboats again, the brigade was order- 
 ed back from the bottom, leaving only a sufficient force for obser- 
 vation. . Returning to the camp, from which we had started in the 
 morning, we remained until 10 o'clock at night, when the whole 
 army, baggage and all having passed up the road, we again assumed 
 our position as the rear guard. Strict silence and quick time being 
 enjoined, I am sure no troops ever marched more swiftly, or kept 
 more obstinate silence than we did until daylight. How ludicrous 
 the scene. What a ljearty laugh a man could have had, had he 
 been in a position to observe both armies that night. Ours, mov- . 
 ing swiftly and stealthily along, casting many and anxious glances 
 to the rear, fearing to discover the head of a pursuing cokimn — 
 theirs, digging, toiling and sweating, in preparing to receive the fu- 
 rious onslaught which they knew the "rebels" would make at day- 
 light. Then to have watched the Yankees in the morning, feeling 
 caustiously through the woods, listening every moment for tho 
 dreaded sound of the guns of troops, who were miles on their way 
 
37 
 
 to Richmond, and still going. Late in the afternoon of May 8th, 
 the brigade was drawn up in line of battle, in the lawn, in front of 
 Doctor Tyler's residence, five miles west of New Kent Court 
 House, as the enemy were threatening to attack us. They did not, 
 however, come up, and we remained here until the following eve- 
 ning, when we moved one mile up the road, and formed a new line 
 of defence, to be held until our army could roach, and take its po- 
 sition in front of Richmond. About noon on , we decamped, 
 
 and, though constantly in motion, only reached the Chickahominy, 
 about six miles, by 1 o'clock at night. This was owing to the fact, 
 that the road was" blocked up by the rear of our artillery and bag- 
 gage. train, and not daring to lie down or rest, we could only "mark 
 time " in the rain and mud until the hour above mentioned, when 
 all others having passed over, we reached the bridge. Here we 
 found several Generals, with their attendant aids and couriers, all 
 exhorting us to " close up," and for God's sake to hurry. This was 
 more easily said, thandone, for the roads had been cut by artiilery 
 and wagons, until a perfect mortar had been formed from one to 
 three feet deep, and through this below, and a heavy soaking rain 
 above, the men floundered on. At length, losing all patience, Gen- 
 eral Whiting dashed upon the bridge. " Hurry up, men, hurry up, 
 don't mind a little mud." ." D'ye call this a little mud ! s'pose you 
 git down and try it, stranger; I'll hold your horse." " Do you 
 know whom you address, sir ? I am General Whiting." " Gene- 
 ral , don't you reckon I know a General from a long-tounged 
 
 courier ?" says the fellow, as he disappeared in the darkness. This, 
 repeated with sundry variations several times, at length discouraged 
 th*e General, and leaving the Texans, whose spirits he had threat 
 ened to subdue, to cross as best they might, he rode away. Finally 
 all were safely landed on this side the Chickahominy, and without 
 waiting" to eat or build fires, the men threw themselves upon the 
 muddy ground, and slept soundly until morn'ng. We occupied this 
 point until evening, and then moved back about two miles, and bi- 
 vouacked until the command was relieved, and marching to the 
 rear, we camped at " Pine Island," three miles east of the city. — 
 Nothing of interest occurred here. The men gave their whole* 
 attention to eating, sleeping, washing bodies and clothes, and watch- 
 ing the recruits who had recently arrived, attempting " bailee 
 
38 
 
 and left." On Sunday, the Chaplain having just returned from 
 Texas, where he had gone on recruiting service, we had Divine wor- 
 ship, whicTi was remarkably well attended, 
 
 • PREPARATIONS FOR THE MARCH— AGAIN. 
 
 May 2Gth. — Orden were issued to send off surplus baggage, 
 which always accumalatea with amazing facility when the camp is 
 near a city or town. On the following evening at sunset we de- 
 parted, and marching and " marking time "all night, we accom- 
 plished a distance of seven miks, and at dawn were halted one mile 
 this side Chickahominy, on the Meadow Bridge road. Here we re- 
 mained until the following day concealed in the woods, and then 
 marched back and camped between the Mechanicsville Turnpike 
 and Central railroad. On the next evening a most terrific thunder- 
 storm, accompanied by torrents of rain, began and lasted through 
 the night, thoroughly drenching the men. One man in the 4th 
 Alabama Regiment, camped near us, was kHled by lightning, and 
 several were severely shocked. It was this storm which filled the 
 Chickahominy, and suggested to General Johnston the movements 
 which resulted in * 
 
 THE BATTLE OF SEVEN PINES. 
 
 At six o'clock, May 31st, orders were received to- march imme- 
 diately, and in a few moments we were moving down the Nine- 
 Mile road. Pursuing this road until within a mile and a half of 
 the enemy, we halted, and until 2 o'clock, waited for the signal of 
 battle, which was to be the roar of fire-arms on our right. It sub- 
 sequently appeared that General Longstreet had begun the attack 
 at, or near 9 o'clock, A. M., but owing to some atmostpherical phe- 
 nomenon, the sound of battle was not heard until five hours after, 
 when the enemy had been driven from his position, and had fallen 
 back near the York River railroad. As our movements were de- 
 pendent on General ljuger, we waited until 4 o'clock, when despair- 
 ing of his arrival, the Brigade was formed in line of battle, with 
 its left resting on the road, and ordered forward. Follow ing, at 
 'some distance, to render what aid I could to any who might be 
 wounded. I soon discovered that I had lost my Regiment in the 
 swamps, and, as I could be of but little use alone against so many, 
 
39 
 
 I immediately determined upon a "change of base," and started to 
 the rear. The, battle had now become terrible. Regiment after 
 regiment, and brigade after brigade were thrown against their bat- 
 teries, which, projected front and flank by earth-works, palisadM* 
 fallen timber and swamps, were almost impregnable. In passing to 
 the rear, I met Generals Lee and Johnston and President Daivis, 
 riding at speed, and going, not only upon the field, but directly un- 
 der the fire of the enemy's guns, which I could not t>ut regard as 
 imprudent, knowing how much depended upon their safety. Soon 
 after, General Johnston was wounded. In storming these batte- 
 ries, Whiting's Brigade suffered severely, and the name of the 4th 
 Alabama was again written* in letters of blood. All efforts how- 
 ever proved unavailing, and finally at 8^ o'clock, P. M., the firing 
 ceased, and the weary soldiers slept upon their arms. At daylight, 
 June 1st, the engagement was renewed, and by 9 o'clock, A. M., 
 had become almost as general as on the day previous. The enemy 
 having, during the night, strongly reinforced, were endeavoring to 
 regain their lost position, but were repulsed in every instance. At 
 10 o'clock the firing ceased, leaving us in possession of all their 
 positions and batteries?, except one, several hundred prisoners, a 
 large quantity of camp equipage, small arms, ammunition, &c. 
 
 HOW THE REBELS FIGHT. 
 
 The Cincinnati " Commercial " publishes an extract from a pri- 
 vate letter, written by a member of Battery A, New York Artil- 
 lery, in Casey's Division, better known as the " Napoleon Battery/' 
 in which the unyielding and irresistable prowess of our troops is 
 described as something wonderful. If the writer had only stood 
 to his gun a little longer, he would have learned still more of the 
 fierce and dauntless resolution of brave men fighting for liberty 
 and home. He is speaking of the battle of The Seven Pines: 
 
 " Our spherical case shot were awful missiles, each of them con- 
 sisting of a clotted mass of seventy-six musket balls, with achargo 
 of powder in the centre, that is fired with a fuse, the same as a 
 shell. The missile first acts as a solid shot, ploughing its way 
 through masses of men, and then exploding, hurls forward a shower 
 of musket balls that mow down the foe in heaps. Our battery 
 
40 
 
 threw tu enty-fbnr of these a minute, and <i3 wo had the exact 
 range of every part of the field, every shot told with frightful ef- 
 fect, Bui the enemy were not at all daunted — they marched stead- 
 ily on, and hailed a perfect torrent of balls upon.us. Why we, •as 
 well as" our fa ore not every one shot down, will forever re- 
 
 main a ni; stery to me. We did not mind the leaden hail, however, 
 but kept pouring our case-shot into the dense masses of the foe, 
 who came on in prodigious and overwhelming force. And they 
 fought splendidly, too. Our shot tore their ranks wide open, and 
 ■battered them asunder in a manner that was frightful to witness ; 
 but they closed up at once, and came on as steadily as Eng- 
 i lish veterans. When thej- gotwithin four hundred yards, we closed 
 our case shot and opened on them with canister; and such des- 
 truction I never elsewhere witnessed. At each discharge, great 
 gaps were made in their ranks — indeed, whole companies went 
 down before that murderous fire; but they closed up with an "order 
 and discipline that \vas awe-inspiring. They seemed to be animat- 
 ed with the courage of despair, blended with the hope of a speedy 
 victory, if they could by an oyer whelming rush drive us from our 
 position. It was awful to see their ranks torn and shattered by 
 every discharge of canister that we poured right into their faces, 
 and while their dead and dying lay in piles, closed up and still kept 
 advancing right in the face of the fire. At one time, three lines, 
 one behind the other, were steadily advancing, and three of their 
 Hags were brought in range of one of our guns, shotted with can- 
 ister. "iFire !"'' shouted the gunner, and down went those three 
 Hags, and a gap was opened through those three lines as if a thun- 
 derbolt had torn through them, and the dead lay in swaths. But 
 they at once closed up, and came steadily on, never halting or wav- 
 ering through the woods, over the fence, through the field, 
 right up t<> our guns, and, sweeping everything before them, cap- 
 tured every piece. When we delivered our last fire, they were 
 within fifteen or twenty paces 'of us, and, as all of our horses were 
 either killed or wounded, we could not carry off a gun. Our whole 
 division was cut to pieces, with what loss I do not know. We fell 
 back to a second line of entrenchmcrits, and there held the enemy 
 in check until reinforcements arriv.ed, and then we kept our posi- 
 tion till night put an end to the battle." 
 
41 
 
 The Texas Brigade was not directly engaged during. this battle, 
 although under fire during a great part of both days. MucTi dis- 
 satisfaction was expressed by the men at having had so much 
 "double quicking" through stamps and fallen timber, and no op- 
 portunity to vent their wrath upon the enem3 r . The Confederate 
 loss in this battle was about four thousand live hundred in killed, 
 wounded and missing. The enemy subsequently admitted a loss 
 of nearly ten thousand. Aft^r occupying the Held until the even- 
 ing of June 2d, our forces fell back to their old line of defences, 
 and the Yankees re-occupied their old ground. This afforded a fine 
 scope for the lying talent of McClellan, and he immediately pub- 
 lished a flaming report of a three day's battle, professing to have 
 re-taken on the third day all he had previously lost, and stating 
 that he had driven our routed and 1 panic-stricken army into the 
 very lines of the city ; but neglects to state why he did not imme- 
 diately perfect his "on to Richmond." Of this tlllrd daifs battle 
 our army was entirely ignorant as thei»e were no guns fired, and no 
 " brdliant bayonet charges " # made. After this battle the Texas 
 Brigade was thrown to the front, and detailed each day as scouts, 
 sharp-shooters and spies — two hundred men and the requisite num- 
 ber of officers. These men operated be} r ond, and independently of 
 the regular pickets, and soon became a terror to the enemy. On 
 the morning of the 7th, a party of one hundred and fifty Texans, 
 under command of Lieut. Jamison, of the 1st Texas, Lieut. Bar- 
 ziza, of the 4th, and Lieut. N^sh, df the 5th, were ordered by Gen. 
 Hood to drive in the enemy's pickets, and ascertain, as far as prac- 
 ticable, what the main body were doing. They immediately pro- 
 ceeded to carry out his instructions, and attacked the Yankee out- 
 posts with such fury, that they fled, "pell mell," running over in 
 their flight a Regiment of Infantry, which was supporting them. — 
 The regiment, thinking from indications which they saw, that at 
 least half the " rebels" were coming, also took to their heels, and 
 for'half a mile made regular " Bull Run time." Having at length 
 discovered that they were flying from a mere squad, they rallied, 
 formed and opened on our bo}*s "with a will, but were so promptly 
 answered that they dared not advance. Here, securely protected 
 by trees, the Texans poured an effective fire into their dense ranks, 
 and would probably have given them another chase, had they not 
 
42 
 
 discovered a Yankee Regiment moving upon their left flunk. This 
 stated a retrogade movement, which they promptly executed, 
 fighting front and flank, as they fell back to the cover of our bat- 
 Tlie enemy afterwards confessed a loss of between forty- 
 five and fifty in thi< skinni.-di, while ours was but six, in killed and 
 wounded — none missing. So successful was this foray, that Gen'l 
 Hood issued an order complimenting the men and officers. Among 
 
 our killed on this occasion was Mr* Davis, an amatner, who 
 
 was widely known in Eastern Texas, as an editor of ability awl 
 tnise. His fall was regretted by all who knew him, as his gal- 
 lant conduct in the field and social qualities in camp had endeared 
 him to all. A few days after this affair, some ot our scouts pene- 
 trated t Lie Yankee lines, by "relieving" one of their pickets, to see 
 what tlicy could "pick up." Just as the gray of dawn, appeared, 
 a Yankee Lieutenant Colonel, officer of the day, visiting his pick- 
 ets, rode up to* a member of the 18th Georgia, who prompt!}* pre- 
 sented for his inspection the muzzle of his rifle, and at the simo time 
 enjoining silence. li You fool," exclaimed the indignant, officer, " I 
 
 am Lieut. Col. , of the th New York Regiment." "Ah," 
 
 Raid Georgia. " Well now. Colonel, that's just what I was think- 
 ing; and as it's rainin' a little, I think I'll take you in -out of the 
 wet." Let's have your pistol and sword, if you please." No al- 
 ternative was left the chagrined "Yank," and the elated Georgian 
 marched him to Gen. Hood's headquarters, where he turned hiui 
 over, and received his fine "C0I4" for his trouble. x 
 
 110 ! FOR STONEWALL JACKSON. 
 
 On the morning of June 11th, orders were received to be in * 
 readiness to move at 5 P. M., which w.e did, passing through Rich- 
 mond and over James Liver to the Danville Depot, where we re- 
 mained until 8 A. M., the following morning. We then took the 
 cars, and in twenty-four hours arrived at Lynchburg. Here We 
 remained until the 15th, when we were moved to Charlottesville, 
 and thence, on the 18th, to Staunton. On the 10th, marching or- 
 ders were issued, and the 20th we started back towards Charlottes- 
 ville. "Where are we going?" now became the popular question; 
 but, alas ! no one could answer it. Some 'guessed" to the Val- 
 ley, some to Alexandria, some to flank McClellan, &c. ; but no one 
 
43 
 
 knew. That all possibility of our plan being discovered might b» 
 destroyed, orders were issued by General Jackson that if any one 
 asked a question, to answer, " I don't know." After a few miles of 
 our march had been accomplished, our Brigade was halted, and 
 General Hood delivered General Jackson's orders to us verbally. 
 '"Now," said he, "you will often be asked, Where are you going? 
 Where from ? Who are you ? ,&c. ; and you must answer, ' I don't 
 know.' In fact, you need not give a direct answer to any one." — 
 This was just as much license as the men wanted, and they forth- 
 with knew nothing of the past, present, or future. On the follow- 
 ing day General Jackson noticed a " straggler " making for a cherry 
 tree, near the road. Riding up, he asked, " Where are you going, 
 sir ?" " I don't know." " To what command do you "belong?" I 
 don't know." " Well, what State are you from ?" " I don't know." 
 The General was evidently fast losing patience, when another 
 "straggler" explained the matter. "Old Stonewall and General 
 Hood issued orders yesterday that we were n/>t to know anything 
 until after the next fight, and we are riot going to disobey orders." 
 The General said no more, but rode on in silence, reflecting, no 
 doubt, upon the perversity of human nature in general, and soldiers 
 in particular, thinking it unnecessary to ask tire soldier if he knew 
 the way to the cherry tree. As we neared Gordonsville, the pro- 
 blem of our destination grew intensely interesting. Would we 
 turn to the left or the right — move on Washington or Richmond,. 
 Soon the enigma, which had roused up many a drowsy brain, was 
 'solved. The head of the iron-horse turned towards the South. The 
 Chickahominy was the theatre of action. Leaving the railroad at 
 Frederick Hall, we moved in as many columns as tl ere were roads 
 towards Ashland, and for the want of roads we sometimes marched 
 through fields and woods, where we arrived on the evening of the 
 25th, and drove in the Yankee pickets. Orders were received that 
 night to move at 3 A. M., which we did, taking the Hanover road. 
 During the morning, the sound of cannon c< uld be distinctly heard, 
 and each discharge quickened the step of our men. Sharp-shoot- 
 ers and skirmishers were in advance, and occasionally the clear 
 crack of a rifle announced that some ' Bucktail "* had received his 
 quietus, or saved himself by flight. At 3 P. M., we reached a t-mall 
 * Name of a rennBylvania Brigade. 
 
44 
 
 creek, on the opposite side of which our scouts reported two Regi- 
 
 ded. The bridge, a wooden structure, was burning # 
 when we arrived, and the sound of axes could be plainly heard in 
 the timber ahead, win re the enemy were obstructing the road. — 
 Riley's Battery was immediately thrown forward and shelled the 
 timber, forcing the Yankees to save themselves by a precipitate- 
 flight, 1< on the ground and'sticking in the 
 
 trees they had been chopping. Just then an amusing scence took 
 place. A number of darkies, who understand the use of the hoe 
 better than the fire-lock, were at work in the field a little to our 
 rear. When the first shot was fired from the "big gun," they let 
 all holts loose and started for the house, which was still further to 
 the rear, screaming and running for dear life, as if they thought the 
 old-boy was after them. And from our position, it was hard to 
 tell which made the better time, they or the Yankees. Having at 
 length rebuilt the bridge and crossed the artillery, we proceeded 
 cautiously for some ^wo or three miles, and halted for the night in 
 line -of battle. 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF THE FIELD, AND. PLAN OF ATTACK. 
 
 Before proceeding with, the important events now ready for de- 
 velopment, which are to change the entire aspect of the campaign, 
 and send the " Young Napoleon " howling back to his patron, it 
 becomes necessary to give the reader some idea of the position of 
 the two opposing armies. That, all may readily understand this, I 
 transcribe from "The Seven Days Battles around Richmond," the 
 following simple explanation: "Place your hand upon the table 
 with the index finger pointing a little north of east. Spread your 
 fingers so that the tips will form the arc of a circle. Imagine Rich- 
 mond as situated on your wrist ; the outer edge of your thumb as 
 the Central Railroad, the inner edge as the Mcchanicsville Turn- 
 pike, fijst B the Nine Mile or New Bridge road, the second 
 as. the Williamsburg Pike, running nearly parallel with the York 
 River railroad — the railroad running between the two fingers. The 
 third as the Charles City Turnpike, (which runs to the southward 
 of the White Oak Swamp,) and the fourth as the Darbytown road. 
 The radius of this arc averaging about seven miles to Richmond. — 
 Commanding these several avenues were the forces of McClellan. 
 
45 
 
 Oar own troops, except those under Jackson r occupied a similar 
 position, but of course a smaller circle immediately around the 
 city ; the heaviest body being- on the centre, south of the York 
 River railroad. 
 
 BATTLE OF MECHANICS VILLE, THURSDAY, JUNE 27th. 
 
 The morning dawned bright and beautiful. All arrangementa 
 being completed, Jackson's forces moved down between the Chick- 
 ahominy.and Pamunkey, driving the enemy be£>re them, until the 
 front of General Branch was so far uncovered as to allow him to 
 cross at Brooke Turnpike, and marching down the north side of 
 the stream, uncovering the front of Gcn'l A. P. Hill, as he attacked 
 the enemy at Mechanicsville. This division crossed at the Meadow 
 Bridge about 4 P. M., and uniting with the command of General 
 Branch, immediately attacked the enemy and drove them from 
 their strong positions. Here they had erected formidable earth- 
 work?, and mounted upon them were hearvy siege guns, and the 
 storming of these defences is justly reckoned among the most gal- 
 lant and bloody scenes of the campaign. The indomitable valor of 
 our troops soon sent the Yankees flying, and mounting their works, 
 the Confederates turned their own guns' upon them with terrible 
 effect. The loss on both sides was heavy, but when we view the 
 nature of the struggle, it is a matter of wonder how any of out 
 troops escaped destruction. About a mile farther down was another 
 formidable battery of sixteen guns, supported by heavy bodies cf 
 infantry, who were protected by rifle pits, abattis, and the bed of 
 Beaver Dam Creek, which passed in front and to their left flank. — 
 This position was attacked with a furious onset. The charge WH 
 made on the rifle pits, but the creek and abattis which still inter- 
 vened rendered the capture impracticable. At this juncture ths 
 batteries took a commanding position, and over the heads cf our 
 troops poured into the infantry such a storm of shot and sLell as 
 almost to silence their fire, and to entirely distract the attention 
 of their battery from our infantry. No further advance was, how- 
 ever, attempted that night, and, at 10 o'clock, P. M., both batteries 
 ceased filing. Soon afterwards the enemy abandoned his position, 
 leaving some of his disabled guns upon the field. During the night, 
 
46 
 
 QeneraJ Longstreet crossed the Chickaliominy, and formed a junc- 
 tion with the two Generals Hill. 
 
 OUR LINK OF BATTLE ON FRIDAY MORNING 
 
 wn- fully completed, and extended for miles over hills and plains,, 
 tUeys, the different commands taking positions as fol- 
 low-: Jackson on the extreme left, next D. II. HiH, then Ewcll, 
 Whiting and A. I*. Hill, while Longstreet moved down, with his 
 resting upon the swamps of the Chickahominy. Early in the 
 afternoon, a scattering fire of skirmishers was heard on the right. 
 About 2 P. M. several of our batteries were placed in position, ancl 
 opened with a view to attract attention frou. Longstreet and A. P % 
 Hill on the right; but thej r were soon overpowered and driven 
 from the field. It was now discovered that McClellan had made a 
 strong stand on Gaines' Farm, and was determined to hold it, if' 
 
 '■>. His position was an awkward one. The left wing front- 
 in- Richmond westward, and his -right at angles, and to the rear, 
 facing north. 
 
 THE BATTLE OF GAINES' FARM, FRIDAY, JUNE 27th. 
 
 At 4 o'clock, P. ^[., Longstreet commenced the fight, driving the 
 enemy down the Chickaliominy. This was the signal for a general 
 assault, and in quick succession Hill, Whiting and Ewell took up 
 the fire,- and the work of death begun. This part of the day's 
 work is correctly given in the " Whig" of the 30th, as follows: 
 
 "Gen'l A. P. Hill's Division, supported by Gen'l 'Picketts Bri- 
 gade from Longstnet's Division, made the iirst assault upon the 
 enemy's works, which were of the most formidable character, and 
 ngly impregnable. Brigade after brigade advanced upon the 
 fortification, and delivered their fire, but yvere compelled to fall 
 back under the tcrrilh- fire of the Yankees, who were comparative- 
 cure from dangei behind their works, and poured volley after 
 volley into our brave troops. Alter the fight had been prolonged 
 for several hours, without result, Gen'l Whiting's Division, now of 
 Jackson corpse cVarmee, advanced to the assault, and after a desper- 
 ate charge, succeeded in dislodging the Yankees. As they fled 
 from their works, they had to pass through an open field, about 
 
47 
 
 two hundred yards in width, before reaching the woods. Several 
 of our regiments fired at the fugitives and killed a very large num- 
 ber of them. The field was nearly covered with the dead and 
 wounded Yankees. The regiments composing Whiting's Division 
 are the 4th Alabama, 11th Mississippi, Gth North Caiolina, 2d Mis- 
 sissippi, 1st, 4th and 5th Texas, 18th Georgia, and Hampton's Le- 
 gion. It was now nearly dark, and though the pursuit was con- 
 tinued for some time, it was deemed inexpedient to follow tho 
 wretches through the swamp, to which they iled, and, accordingly, 
 our men were recalled." 
 
 In the "Examiner " of July 2d, appears the following article, 
 which, in view of the many roperts in circulation, I insert as an 
 act of justice to those noble men who contributed so largely to tho 
 Buccess.of that memorable day. 
 
 THE FIGHT AT GAINES' FARM—AN OFFICER'S 
 STATEMENT. 
 
 There have been many confused and contradictory statements of 
 the forces engaged in the attacks of the enemy's works near Gained 
 Farm on last Friday. We have received the following statement 
 from an officer on the subject of this doubt : 
 
 " At about two o'clock on Friday evening last, I reached the lines 
 of the enemy's entrenchments near Gaines' farm. A fierce strug- 
 gle was then going on between A. P. Hill's Division and the garri- 
 Bon of the line of defence. Repeated charges were made by Hill's 
 troops, but the formidable character of the works, and murderous 
 volleys of grape and canister from the artillery covering them, kept 
 our troops in check. 
 
 '• It wascibout half-past lour o'clock when Pickett's Brigade came 
 •to Hill's support. Pickett's Regiments fought with the most de- 
 termined valor. At five o'clock Whiting's Division, composed of 
 the ' Old Third' and Texas Brigades, advanced at a 'double-quick,' 
 charged th«m, routed them, and captured their artillery. 
 
 "The struggle was brief, but, perhaps, the most bitter of the 
 war. Fully one-fuurlh of the entire division were cut down in thia 
 gallant charge. 
 
 u The brave Texans were led by Brigadier General Hood, and the 
 
48 
 
 ' Old Third Brigade' by the dasliing Colonel Law, late commander, 
 of the Fourth Alabama. 
 
 " The works carried by these noble troops would have been in- 
 vincible to the bayonet had they been garrisoned by men. 
 
 " Whiting's Division is composed of Hood's Brigade — First, 
 Fourth and Fifth Texas, and Hampton Legion and Eighteenth 
 Georgia, and Colonel Law's Brigade — Fourth Alabama, Second and 
 Eleventh Mississippi, and Sixth North Carolina. 
 
 "I mention these Regiments because their nanles will be his- 
 torical." 
 
 That the reader may have an idea of the manner in which each 
 Regiment of Whiting's Division acted, I transfer from the " Wnig" 
 a letter written by Wait-zee, which, in its more prominent facts, ia 
 strictly correct : 
 
 Battle Field, near Chickahomint, > 
 
 June 28th, 1862. $ 
 
 To the Editor of the Whig :' 
 
 ^ . 7f- 5^c yp yf. yf. yfc ^C 
 
 It was early in the evening when your correspondent reached the 
 cnemy T s main line of defence. Their position skirted a strip of 
 dense woods, while to their front extended a vast undulating plain, 
 ploughed up, here and there, with deep gullies and wood-girt water 
 courses. That they were entrenched we knew, but of the nature 
 of their works, owing to the deep foliage that screened them from 
 view, we laiew but little. It was absolutely necessary, however, 
 that we should carry their line, and to do this, regiment after regi- 
 ment, and brigade after brigade, were successively led forward; 
 still our repeated charges, gallant and dashing though they were, 
 failed to accomplish the end, and our troops, still fighting, fell 
 steadily back. 
 
 Thus, for more than two mortal hours, the momentous issue stood 
 trembling in the balance. The sun was getting far in the west — 
 darkness would soon be upon us, and that point must be carried. 
 
 At this juncture — it was now 5 o'clock — the divivion of the gal- 
 lant Whiting hove in sight. This division is composed of thebfave 
 Texan Brigade, under Hood, and the old Third Brigade, command- 
 ed by the dashing Law, of Manassas" memories. 
 
 On reaching the field these troops were rapidly deployed in line 
 
49 
 
 of battle, when Colonel ' Law detached Colonel Stone's regiment 
 the 2d Mississippi, and sent it some distance to the right, where 
 it successfully resisted, with heavy loss, a flank attack from the 
 enemy. The 6th North Carolina, (Major Webb) be held in reserve: 
 then taking the 4th Alabama (Colonel McLemore) and 11th Mis- 
 sissippi (Colonel Liddell) he led a dashing charge upon the enemy's 
 entrenched position. 
 
 This charge was made under the most galling fire that I ever 
 witnessed — shot and shell, grape, canister and ball, s*vept through 
 our lines like a storm of leaden hail, and our noble boys fell thick 
 and fast; yet, still, with the irresistible determination of men who 
 fight for all that men hold dear, our gallant boys rushed on. 
 
 Suddenly, a halt was made — there, was a deep pause, and the 
 line wavered from right to left. We now saw the character of the 
 enemy's works. A ravine, deep and wide, yawned before us, whik) 
 on the other side, at the crest of the almost perpendicular bank, a 
 breastwork of* logs was erected, from behind which the dastard in- 
 • vaders were pouring murderous volleys upon our troops. 
 
 This position was, perhaps, the most formidable of the kind that 
 was ever built. Scaling ladders and boarding pikes would have 
 been far better adapted to its reduction than bayonets, and had the 
 wretched Hessians, who garrisoned it, done half their " duty,'' 
 they might have held it until doomsday. 
 
 The pause made by our troops, however, was but a brief breath- 
 ing space. The voice of Colonel Law was heard — " Forward, boys i 
 Charge them !" and with a wild, mad shout, our impetuous soldiery 
 dashed forward, flinging themselves into the trench, strugglng up 
 the precipitate bank, climbing over the breatworks, and driving the 
 frying foe tei ror- stricken before them. 
 
 In this charge, the 6th North Carolina came up, and it,' uniting 
 with Law's other regiments, formed a junction with the 18th Geor- 
 gia and 4th Texas, of Hood's Brigade. These five regiments then 
 made a brilliant charge on the plain beyond the works, capturing 
 • two batteries, and turning some of the guns on the enemy before 
 he could make good his escape. 
 
 The rout was absolute, but night coming on deprived us of most 
 ♦f the fruits o the victory. 
 
 A little after dusk some apprehensions were entertained lest the 
 
50 
 
 enemy should make a night attack and attempt to retake the bat- 
 teries we had captured, but to meet this emergency, General An- 
 derson, at the united request of Colonel Law and Colonel Jenkins; 
 gave permission to Colonel Law to detach Jenkin's regiment, which 
 he joined with one of his' own, and successfully repulsed a flank as- 
 sault. All the artillery we took is secured. 
 
 General Whiting has won imperishable fame — wherever the fight 
 raged fietcest there was he, urging his gallant troops to victory. 
 
 All is quiet now. There is no demoralization among our men. — 
 We are ready to renew the conflict at any moment." 
 
 They " paused and wavered " long enough for the 4th Texas to 
 pass them. And but a few men of the 11th Mississiopi, were all 
 of the 3d Brigade, who were with the 4th Texas and 18th Georgia 
 when they took the last battery. 
 
 The following letter from " CMckahomAnie" is introduced as an 
 
 act of justice to the 18th Georgia, (better known in the brigade as 
 
 the " 3rd Ttxas") as gallant a regiment as ever fought beneath a 
 
 Confederate flag : 
 
 THE EIGHTEENTH GEORGIA REGIMENT. 
 
 Camp 18th Georgia Regiment, Hood's Brigade, } 
 Twenty-five Miles from Richmond. <j> 
 
 To the Editor of the Whig : — For the Gratification of the 
 relatives and friends of the members of this regiment, I desire to 
 give a brief account of the particular part enacted by them on Fri- 
 day, 27th June, in the engagement at Coal Harbor or Gained 
 Mill. Having been with them through the whole action, and taken 
 part in them, your correspondent had perhaps a better opportunity 
 than any one else of knowing exactly jvhat they did. It will be 
 remembered that the fight began early in the afternoon and was 
 raging with great fury while Hood's Brigade was yet a considerable 
 distance from the scene. Marching rapidly'through the woods and 
 fields, apparently with- a view to turn the enemy's extreme right. 
 The Vvhole brigade was halted about 4 o'clock and formed in line of 
 battle in the following order, 18th Georgia, 1st Texas, 4th Texas', 
 5th Texas. The position of the 4th Texas was subsequently 
 ©•hanged to the right of the 18th, in this order the brigade advanced 
 through the woods, which being so very thick we soon lost sight of 
 all except our own regiment. Advancing across a deep muddy 
 
51 
 
 swamp, and up a steep ascent, they were placed in position to sap 
 port a battery and ordered to lay down. Here they were just in 
 range of a heavy battery of the enemy, and the missels fell so thi«k 
 that our battery soon became disabled and' had to withdraw. An- 
 other came up but was also compelled to retire atter a few rounds. 
 After which, the regiment was ordered to change position, moving 
 by the right flank at double quick. They remainded behind tins 
 battery about thirty minutes and lost some twenty or thirty men 
 killed and wounded. After marching by the flank for attfcut a half 
 mile, they were halted in an open space to the right of a piece of 
 woods and in rear of an apple orchard and formed in line of battle. 
 Then advancing under a shower of shot and shell down a long slope 
 which was completely commanded by a body of the enemy's infan- 
 try on their left, posted on a wooded eminence on the opposite side 
 of the ravine at the foot of the slope. Here we lost many more 
 men but passed on without returning the fire of the enemy poured 
 into our ranks, and crossing the ravine at the point where the 4th 
 Texas had so gallantly driven the enemy back, advanced up the 
 steep hill on the opposite side, and here, for the first time, obtained 
 a view of the terrible work that then remained for them to do. — - 
 Several regiments claim to have taken batteries, an! no doubt just- 
 ly h too, for there was enough for all to have a showing. Several 
 had been taken up to the moment the 18th reached the crest of the 
 hill, but the main battery on the hill in the field, said to be the 
 Hoboken Battery of fourteen splendid brass pieces, which wa«? 
 filling the air with its deadly missiles, and dealing destruction all 
 around, whose position is said to have been choosen by McCleJ- 
 lan himself, and whose guns, according to the account of numerous 
 prisoners and wounded men. had been directed by him, wa* 
 still playing with terrible effect. It was supported by a large body 
 of infantry in the rear, and a detachment of the 2nd Regular Cav- 
 alry on the left, besides the approach to it was completely com- 
 manded by two other batteries. So admirable was this disposition 
 of the forces and the natural conformation of* the ground, that Mc- 
 Clellan is said to have assured his men that it was impregnable. — 
 In front of the 18th, at the moment it came in sight of the batte- 
 ry, lay a long sloping hill, at the foot of which, some three hundred 
 yards distant, was a deep, and in some places, an impassable ditch, 
 
52 
 
 then a quick rise, that afforded some protection from the guns 
 above. Preceding regiments hud done their work well, and gal- 
 lantly had they driven the enemy from some of its strongest works 
 and taken several batteries. Some had even advanced on^t.his bat- 
 tery, but found their forces so much scattered, after crossing the 
 ditch, that they became powerless, and could do little else than 
 seek protection under the crest of the hill from the guns above. — 
 Down this first elope the 18th advanced in splendid order, at dou- 
 ble quick, under a cro- 8 lire from two batteries on the right and 
 left and a terrible direct fire from the battery in front. Shot after 
 shot tore through the ranks, leaving wide gaps,- which were quick- 
 ly closed up; the clear, shrill voices of Major Griffis and Adjutant 
 Patton could be distinctly heard amid the bursting of shells and 
 whistling of shots, cooldly commanding, " close upj" " Dress to the 
 right " or " left," while every other officer exerted himself to pre- 
 serve the line unbroken. Dead and wounded men fell on every 
 fcide. while the living pushed on to the work before them. Here 
 Lieutenant L. A. McCullock, of Co. C, Jackson County Volunteers, 
 fell terribly mangled with a shell. Lieutenant Sillman, who suc- 
 ceeded him in command of the company, was. wounded a few steps 
 farther on, Lieutenant Callahan taking command of the company. — 
 I ieutenant John Grant, commanding Co. II, was also wounded and 
 left, the command devolving on 1st Sergeant Cotton. On reaching 
 the ditch, the line was necessarily broken, the men being compelled 
 to get across as best they could. Advancing a short distance, 
 they found themselves under cover of the hill in company with a 
 detachment of various other regiments who were in a broken and 
 disorganized condition. Some had lost their leaders, some their 
 regiments, and all, for the time being, seemed, to have lost their or- 
 ganization. In front of all these the colors of the 18tL was plant- 
 ed, and the men quickly rallied and formed. A short consultation 
 among the officers was held to secure concert of action, after which, 
 a small detachment of the llth^Mississippi, under the command of 
 Colonel Liddell, formed in support of the right, and another from 
 the 4th Texas, under Captain Townsend, supported the left. Thus 
 supported, at the command " forward," the 18th moved steadily up 
 the hill in the very jaws of Death itself! As soon as they were 
 discovered the enemy's cavalry made a desperate charge at the 
 
53 
 
 right wing, which might haye broken and ruined the line, ha4 they 
 not been received with so much coolness and deliberation by the 
 gallant men composing Companies A, B and C, commanded respect- 
 ively by Captains O'Neal, Stewart and Lieutenant Callahan, who 
 held their fire until the enemy were within good range, and then 
 poured in a deadly volley, that broke their front, brought down 
 their leader, and so discomforted them that they changed their di- 
 rection and endeavored to make their escape, but before they suc- 
 ceeded in doing so, scores of their saddles were emptied and many 
 a cripled steed left hobling across the field. Just as this charge 
 was made the left wing had come up within range of the gunsj 
 when one of them delivered a volley of grape full into the ranks of 
 Co. K, instantly killing Lieutenant Dowten and a private, and wound- 
 ing half a dozen others. The whole line halted to deliver their 
 fire, which they did so effectually that for a moment the firing of 
 the battery ceased, and the infantry began to fall back. Se : zing 
 the opportunity, Colonel Ruff ordered the charge, and rushing to 
 the front, hat in hand, waived, the boys, onward, and, in less time 
 than it takes to write it, nine pieces of the battery was theirs.— - 
 At this moment, the scene in front was indis«ribable. Cavalrymen, 
 artillery limbers and caissons and infantry all rushed away in one 
 wild sea of confusion, running for dear life. Some few cannoniers, 
 however, stood to their guns and continued to load — one was shot 
 at the piece while raming down a cartridge — another, while adjust- 
 
 * ing a friction primer, was shot down b}^ private Monroe Windsor, 
 of Co. H, and his bag of friction primers captured by him. Lieu- 
 tenant Lawes, of Co. D, with four men, rushed forward and shot 
 the men at one piece while they were on the eve of firing it. Cor- 
 poral Foster, of Co. F, deserves great credit for the galTantry with 
 which he bore the battle flag to the front — ever foremost. When 
 he reached the battery, he mounted one of the pieces and waved 
 his flag in triumph, but as soon as the regiment was again ordered 
 forward in pursuit of the enemy, he took his place and rushed on. 
 
 ' At this point, Colonel Ruff, seeing that his regiment had pierced the 
 enemy's lines to a considerable distance, left Major Gr'ffisin com- 
 mand, and stopped to rally stragglers, who were constantly coming 
 up, and turn their fire to the left, whence the enemy were pouring 
 a hot fire on the men about the guns. The regiment followed and 
 
54 
 
 drove the enemy about four hundred yards into the woods, when it 
 was thought advisable for them to fall back, as they were entirely 
 unsupported, and had pierced the enemy*s lines about a mile, and 
 there was a considerable body of the enemy in the rear, both on 
 tho right and left. Fortunately, our forces drove these back about 
 night, and the 18th held its position for the night, sleeping between 
 the pieces and the enemy. The regiment was under fire for about 
 three hours, -and lost one hundred and forty-eight in killed and 
 wounded. Two officers killed and six wounded. Carried into ac- 
 tion five hundred and seven men. Every officer and^nan acted with 
 great gallantry and coolness. Captain Armstrong, seeing one of 
 the guns aimed at his company, saved them by an oblique move- 
 ment to the right in double quick. Captain Maddox led his com- 
 pany through the fight, though so badly wounded as to have to re- 
 tire to the rear immediately after the engagement was over. Lieu- 
 tenant S. V. Smith, Co. K, led his company with great coolness, 
 notwithstanding his loss, was very heavy. At the ditch in front of 
 the battery, he found fugitive Yankees so thick that he had to make 
 them get out of his way and allow his men to pass. Lieutenant 
 Hardin, commanding @o. F, manceuvered his company finely, and 
 did splendid service. Orderly Ramsour, commanding Co. E, acted 
 ▼ery gallantly. The regiment took about two hundred prisoners, 
 among them one Colonel and several Captains and Lieutenants. — 
 The commander of the cavalry that charged our lines and who fell 
 iiito our hands a wounded prisoner, declared he had as leave charge 
 
 si wall of fire. 
 
 « CHICK AIIOMINIE." 
 The foregoing extracts sufficiently illustrate the part enacted by 
 Whiting's command, and show, beyond question, that all did their 
 duty unflinchingly; but I desire to speak now, more particularly of 
 the conduct of the 4th Texas Regiment on that occasion. While 
 Hood's Brigade was formed in liae of battle, the 4th Texas was 
 held in partial reserve, and soon became separated from the other 
 regiments of the brigade. After remaining in the rear, lying down, 
 for perhaps half an hour, General Hood came for us, and moving by 
 the right flank about half a mile, halted us in an open space to the 
 right of some timber, and in rear of an apple orchard. The sight 
 which we here beheld, beggars description. The ground was strewn 
 
55 
 
 with the dead and dying, while our ranks were broken at every in- 
 stant by flying and panic stricken soldiers. In front of us was the 
 " Old 3d Brigade," who, but a few moments before, had started 
 with cheers to storm the fatal palisade. But the storm of iron 
 and lead was too severe, they " wavered " for a moment, and fell 
 upon £he ground. At this instant, General Hood, who, had in per- 
 son, taken command of our regiment, commanded in his clear ring 
 ing voice, " Forward, quick, march," and onward moved the little 
 band of five hundred, with the coolness of veterans. Here Colonel 
 Marshall fell dead from his horse, pierced by a minnie bull. — 
 Volleys of musketry, and showers of grape, canister and shell 
 ploughed through us, but were only answered by the stern " close 
 up — close up to the colors," and onwarxl they rushed ov-er the 
 dead and dying, and over the Zd Brigade, without a pause, until 
 within about one hundred yards of the breast-works. We had 
 reached the apex of the hill, and some of the men seeing the ene- 
 my just before them, commenced discharging their pieces. It was 
 at this point, that preceeding brigades had halted, and beyond 
 .which none had gone, in consequence of the terrible concentrated 
 fire of the concealed enemy. At this critical juncture, the voice*of 
 General Hood was heard above the din of battle, " Forward, for* 
 ward, charge right down on them, and drive them out with the 
 bayonet." Fixing bayonets as they moved, t£ey made one grand 
 rush for the fort; down the hill, across the creek and fallen timber, 
 and the next minute saw our battle flag planted upon the captured 
 breast-work. The cowardly foe, frightened at the rapid approach 
 of pointed steel, rose from behmd their defences, and started up 
 the hill at speed. One volley was poured into their backs, and it 
 seenied as if every ball found a victim, so great was the slaughter. 
 Their works were ours, and, as our flag moved from the first to the 
 second tier of defences, a shout arose from the shattered remnant 
 of that regiment, and which will long be remembered by those 
 w'ho' heard it; a shout which announced that the wall of death wan 
 broken, and victor}^ which had hovered doubtfully for hours over 
 that bloody field, had at length perched upon the battle flag of the 
 4th Texas. Right and left it was taken up and rang along the 
 lines for miles; long after many of those who had started it, were 
 in eternity. 
 
• 56 
 
 No pause was made herej but onward and upward they pressed. 
 At the summit of the bill, the gallant Lieutenant- Colonel, War- 
 wick, fell mortally wounded, while grasping in his hand a Confede- 
 rate battle flag, which had been deserted by some regiment near 
 where we began the charge. No noble death, no brighter destinies 
 could have been asked by a soldier. Falling at the head of i>rav© 
 men, in the hour of victory, and in defence of his native city, his 
 name will be forever cherished in its annals, and proudly written 
 in the history of his country. Just in front, and about four hun- 
 dred yards distant, was a splendid battery of fifteen guns, and 
 without halting, they made on in that direction. They had pro- 
 ceeded but a short distance, when General Hood discovered an at- 
 tempt by the enemy on the right to flank and cut off the 4th. — 
 Gathering up the stragglers near, he formed sufficient opposition 
 to hold them in check until the regiment have time to reform its 
 line, and then moved forward, having been joined by a portion of 
 the 11th Mississippi. In a depression in the field about half-way 
 from this position to the battery, they halted, where they were 
 joined by the 18th Georgia. Captain Townsendnow led the- 4th — 
 Major Kfty, the last field officer, retiring with a painful wound, 
 left him in command. Forming on the left of the 18th — a squad- 
 ron of about six hundred cavalry, at full speed, charged down the 
 slope upon the right. A "look out for the cavalry," was sufficient 
 to put them on the alert, and they received them in splendid style. 
 Soon their horses were running wildly over the fields, many with- 
 out riders, and others frantic from bayonet cuts and minnie balls. 
 The line of retreat was well defended by fallen steeds and dead 
 Yankees. But the boys felt more sympathy for the poor horse 
 than for the degraded rider, who was left bleeding and mangled, 
 to bite the dust. The charge upon the battery was continued, and 
 the work was soon over — for rushing forward at a run, while the 
 hill-tops blazed and thundered like a bursting mountain, and pour- 
 ing a storm of grape and canister through their advancing ranks, 
 they drove the enemy from their guns. The infantry, cavalry 
 and cannonniers, with five guns, mixed and moving at their utmost 
 speed, gave to the mind the idea of grand confusion ! as they 
 moved off in search of the new " base," which McClellan had just 
 gone in haste to select. Our Confederate battle flag now floated 
 
57 
 
 * 
 
 over the guns where the Stars and Stripes with the " Spread Ea- 
 gle," had so recently hovered over the Young Napoleon's head. — 
 But they rested only a i'ew moments here. For the sight of the 
 broken and flying columns of the enemy invited them forward, and 
 they pressed the rear of the Grand Army in its c ' On from Rich- 
 mond," as it makes its grand charge to the rear, where safety is to 
 be won by a gallant run, until night puts an end to the slaughter. 
 These two flags might have remained to guard the trophies won 
 and cannon captured on this memorable hill, and would ever have 
 been the pride of the States they represent, but they hastened to 
 make their victory still more complete. 
 
 The Hampton Legion entered the fight on the left of the Brigade, 
 on the crest of the hill in the woods. The 5th Texas next, then 
 the 1st, and engaged the enemy from left to right in great fury, 
 slowly pressing him back, and almost covering the ground with tb« 
 de«\d from their ranks. 
 
 To decide the points of honor for our Brigade on that bloody 
 ground, we have but to offer the testimony of General Whiting, 
 who commanded the Division. He says : " Tlie 1st Texas and Hamp- 
 ton Legion were sent in as hundreds were leaving in disorder. — 
 Two regiments, one South Carolina and one Louisiana, were march- 
 ing back from the field, and the 1st Texas was ordered to go through 
 or over them, which they did. ^Vhen the line was completed and 
 advanced to the crest of the hill, a brigade was skulking and hiding 
 from danger, &n<\ never advanced from the west side of the ravine. 
 Fourteen pieces of artillery were taken, and nearly a whole regi- 
 ment of men were turned over by Col. Robertson, of the 5th Texas, 
 to Brigadier General Prior or staff. 
 
 li Brigadier General Anderson supporting on the right. Tho 
 troops on my immediate left I do not know, and am glad I don't. 
 I have reason to believe that the greater part of them never left 
 the cover of the woods, on the west side of the ravine. 
 
 " I take pleasure in calling special attention to the 4th Texas 
 Regiment, which, led by Brig, Hood, was the first to break the 
 enemy's lino, and enter his works. Its brave old Colonel, Marshall, 
 fell earl} 7- in the charge, on the hither side of the ravine. The stub- 
 born resistance maintained all day faltered from that moment, and 
 the day was gained. Of the other Regiments of the Division, it 
 
58 
 
 would be invidious and unjust, to mention one before another." 
 
 General Hood says. " directing in person the 4th Texas, the/ 
 were the first to pierce the strong lice of breast- v orks occupied by 
 the enemy, which caused great confusion in their ranks. And here 
 the 18th Georgia, commanded by Colonel Ruff, came to the support 
 of the 4th, pressed over the hotly contested field, inclining from 
 right to left, with the 5th Texas on their left, taking a large num- 
 ber of prisoners, and fourteen pieces of artillery. The guns were 
 taken by the 4th Texas and 18th Georgia, and the prisoners by 
 the 5th Texas." 
 
 There were many regiments who claimed the honor of capturing 
 these guns, but in justice to the men who did the work, both the 
 Division and Brigade Commanders have settled the question. We 
 may here remark, that five of the guns spoken of were captured by 
 the 4th, at the time they stormed and took the first and second 
 breast-works. 
 
 There were but few who failed to do their duty well. And as for 
 those officers and men who " skulked and hid in ditches and in the 
 woods from danger," we will leave them with their superiors, and 
 on the historian will devolve the task of assigning them position in 
 the back ground, and let their deeds screen them from the world's 
 view. 
 
 The secret of our success is found, in a great measure, in the 
 discretion exercised by Hood at the moment we reached the top 
 of the hill, upon which so many had fallen before us. Where, in- 
 stead of halting and making the fight, as others had done and been 
 driven back, he gave the word, and our brave men rushed headlong 
 from the hill, and at short range, and with cold steel drove iha 
 enemy from their hiding places below. 
 
 VIEW OF THE BATTLE-FIELD. 
 
 Our victory was complete. Hundreds of prisoners were sent to 
 the rear, and thousands were left lying on the field and scattered 
 through the woods, weltering in their blood, while hundreds more 
 were left dead upon the soil their feet had polluted. And now we 
 must give them graves in the very fields they have pillaged. Night 
 has hung its dark curtains around and over, the arena so recently 
 lit with fire-arms, and the flash of the glittering sabre in the hands 
 
59 
 
 of valient men. The roar and rush of armies has ceased. All is 
 quiet as the grave, only when disturbed by busy trains of ambu- 
 lances, and the heart-rending groans of the ten thousand sufferers, 
 co-mingling their voices in piteous discord on every hand. No 
 troopers aro dashing headlong, and not a single roar of the cannon 
 is to be heard. But low, deep murmurs rose upon the gloom of 
 night, which lent to the surrounding scene the darkest shade to 
 which earth-born sufferers aro heir in their brief stay in a world of 
 sin and woe. Nothing this side the regions of blackness of dark- 
 ness is half so terrible as the theatro upon which the maddened ar- 
 mies of empires seek revenge, and settle their quarrels. The dark- 
 ness of the night, intensified by the clouds of smoke now settling 
 down upon the earth, with the cries of the suffering and groans of 
 the dying, tend to deepen and blacken the pall that shrouds the 
 mind of the wounded soldier. Thoughtful and suffering, on the 
 cold ground where he fell, he longs for the coming morning. But 
 he knows not that it shall dawn upon him. Exhausted, hungry, 
 bleeding, famUhing, and no one to fill his canteen, or bind up his 
 ; broken arm or shattered leg. It is a long, long and dreary night ; 
 and beyond he knows not that he shall have another day. And, 
 although hours are dark and the cannon's roar is not to be heard, 
 yet every watch was disturbed, and the sentinel hears the groans 
 "of his suffering comrades all night long. Many tears were shed 
 under the long shadows of eack hour of that night, that will never 
 bo numbered on earth, and that too from eyes all unused to weep- 
 ing. Oh! how sweet the comforts of religion in an* hour like this. 
 Friends walked and looked for friends, and brothers knew not the 
 fate of each other, whether living or dead. Long trains of ambu- 
 lances are passing to and fro nearly all night, gathering and carry- 
 ing to the field Infirmary — to which place we will now go to see if 
 there are any there we know. Ye?, there is one, and yonder 
 another, and another, but we will not call their names — the whole, 
 yard is filled with suffering friends, stretched upon the ground. — 
 Nurses are washing and bathing their wounds, and surgeons aro 
 using the knife. Many arms and legs are amputated, and the poor 
 boys are maimed for life. 
 
 The long-desired morning comes at last, and with it hundreds 
 more are brought in. They are carried to the surrounding shades, 
 

 CO 
 
 in the orchard and field. These are some of the horrors of war, 
 while the counterpart is found at the home of the soldier's mother, 
 his wife and friends'. But upon this sacred ground we will not 
 tread. For we imagine we see them, when the letter with the 
 black seal reaches their anxious and trembling hand, while the 
 heart's deepest fountain is broken up and gushes forth in streams 
 of such grief as none can portray. Oh God, how long shall such 
 scenes as this afflict our unhappy land? How long till thou will 
 put a stop to the shedding of human blood ? Thus ends the battle 
 of Gaines' Farm. 
 
 But we had not finished the strife when the sun went down en 
 Friday. Each day for a week we must witness the re-enactment 
 of this bloody drama. On Saturday, from the hill on which we 
 captured the heavy battery of the enemy the evening before, we 
 could see the consternation of McClellan's army. Clouds of rolling J 
 dustwound their serpentine course over hills and valleys, along every 
 road leading away from the position he had occupied, towards the 
 south and east ; and they, togetfier with the mountains of smoke 
 which ascended from piles of commissiary and depots of quartermas- 
 ter's stores, marked the line of his retreat, and wrote the nature of his 
 defeat upon the skies. In the general conflagration which we could 
 fee for miles in different directions, they destroyed millions of dolr 
 lars worth of property. And it is new that he announces to his 
 government that he is performing "a strategic movement, and 
 changing his base of operations from the White-house to the James; 
 river." • 
 
 On the 28th, General Toombs attacked the enemy near the Nine 
 Mile road, but the advantage w«s apparently slight, yet it contrib- 
 uted to the general confusion and dismay of the enemy. 
 
 General Stuart with his Cavalry was doing good service in the 
 direction of the White-House— each day capturing and destroying 
 property, and sending large bodies of prisoners to the rear. 
 
 General Hood received orders to advance at an early hour on 
 Saturday morning; but on reaching the Grape-¥ine bridge he was 
 compelled to halt and wait until the bridge, which had been des- 
 troyed by the enemy, couldbe repaired. 
 
 BATTLE AT SAVAGE'S STATION. 
 On Sunday morning, 29th, fierce picket firing was heard in the 
 
01 
 
 direction of the out-posts of the army, at an early hour. About 
 noon the fight began under General Magruder's command — the 
 slaughter was dreadful and cur victory complete— and burning 
 stores and scattered arms and clothing in every direction, gave evi- 
 dent signs of an unexpected retreat. 
 
 "The Railroad Merrimac," an ugly monster, movf^d down early 
 in the morning and shelled the adjacent woods and fields, until the 
 enemy fell back from the road. It was struck several times with 
 heavy iron balls, but was uninjured. At this place also the des- 
 truction of property was immense. 
 
 Late in the evening the enemy wa.s again overtaken ; the rear of 
 the retreating forces warmly engaged us, but night coming on we 
 could not realize the advantage gained, as we were unable to fol- 
 low it up. 9 
 
 During the day it- had become apparent that McClellan had elud- 
 ed us, and was in full retreat ever a road which Gen. Huger had 
 been int-usted to watch. The reason why he suffered the enemy 
 to move undisturbed along the road leading under the protection 
 of his gun-boats remains still a mystery[to all. While many be- 
 lieved him guilty of criminal favoritism towards the enemy — which 
 we do not belieye — and, especially, as this was not the first time 
 Lo had failed to come up with his men when ordered in to the 
 fight. 
 
 BATTLE OF FRAZIER'S FARM. 
 
 Monday morning, June 30th, General Jackson crossed the Chick- 
 ahominy in pursuit of the retreating foe. In the evening the ad- 
 vance came up with his rear at th* bridge at White Oak Swamp, 
 which they were defending With artillery. Scouts from the Texas 
 Brigade were sent over and drove in their pickets. Their artillery 
 was then turned upon our men, but sheltering behind a hill, no one 
 was injured. But morning revealed the fact that we had directed 
 our fire sufficiently well to kill several pickets before they retired. 
 After dark the fire of their artillery was # again turned upon the 
 crossing, which they kept up until about midnight, when they 
 withdrew, and our men commenced repairing the bridge, which, by 
 sunrise the next morning was completed, and we crossed over, and 
 had the pleasure of knowing that our powder had Dot been burnt 
 
02 
 
 in rain by our artillery the previous evening. For dead and wound- 
 ed Yankees and artillery horses proved the fact that random shots 
 are as deadly when they hit in the right place as any others. 
 
 Generals Longstrect, A. P. Hill, Huger and Magruder pressing 
 down on the right by the way of the Charles City road, overtook 
 the enemy late in the evening posted on Frazier's Farm, when a 
 bloody struggle ensued, in which Generals Hill and Longstreet 
 were the principal participants — the battle continuing long after 
 dark with frightful fury ; and, although the enemy had selected 
 his ground and massed heavy bodies of men, yet again he had to 
 yield before the conquering armies of the South. 
 
 BATTLE OF MALVERN HILL. 
 
 On Tuesday moaning, July 1st, our men, after crossing the bridge, 
 found the out-post of the enemy in 6trong positions and numbers, 
 which made o lr movements necessaril} 7 sjow. About one hundred 
 prisoners and fifty wagons were captured during the morning. Tlfe 
 first notice we had of the contiguity of the enemy in force was an- 
 nounced by an exploding shell in the midst of the 1st Texas, which 
 killed antF wounded some fifteen men. And it was followed by 
 another, which caused about the same injury. The right wing was 
 also in motion, and pressing upon the enemy, who, after the slaugh- 
 ter of the night before, were making haste from the blood}' field. 
 
 We were now in the neighborhood of Malvern Hill, and discov- 
 ering the situation of affair*, we were moved to the left, and soon 
 were thrown forward to support a battery, which had been sent up 
 to drive the enemy's guns and feel his position. But we were soon 
 ordered to the timber in the*rear. Here two men in Co. I. and 
 one in Co. D, 4th Texas, were wounded. 
 
 At 4 P. M., the infantry in great force moved up and engaged 
 with great vigor, and until 10 o'clock at night the earth, air and 
 water were in commotion. From sixteen batteries by land, and 
 their gun-boats by water, they beclouded. the day and lit the night 
 with a lurid glare. Ackl to this the light and noise of our own ar- 
 tillery which had been brought forward, and like an opposing vol- 
 cano with a hundred craters, it gleamed and flashed streams and 
 sheets of burning fire — while long lines of human forms cast their 
 shadows upon the darkness in the 'back-ground, and each joined, 
 
63 
 
 with his fire-lock in hand, to contribute to the terror of the awful 
 scene. One could easily imagine, while witnessing this bursting 
 etorm of human passion, that he was within one step of the coun- 
 cil chamber of his Satanic Majesty, and that he had assembled all 
 the furies from the far-off' region of his empire, and let them loose . 
 upon this devoted spot in the Old Dominion. For both in sight 
 and sound it was awfully terrible. For the outline of human forms, 
 a^ seen by the light of burning powder through the smoky air, 
 looked like ghosts in human shape, while the heavens were vocal 
 with unearthly sounds from the passage of masses of iron and globea 
 of lead. Death now held carnival over whole fields of living men. 
 And his was tue victory on both sides. McClellan was making his 
 last exertions to pave his army. And by this powerful effort, he 
 succeeded in checking the triumphant march of our arms, until ho 
 had placed h s broken and routed army beyond our reach — under 
 the fire of his gun-boats — which, however, during the night, had 
 been more destructive to, his own men than ours. But this he 
 never could have done, had not General linger failed to check him 
 by not taking possession of the ground before he arrived. Tho 
 whole plan had been admirably executed .from the time General 
 Hood left Richmond, on the 12th inst., to reinforce Gen'l Jackson, 
 at Staunton, clown to the last day's conflict, except in this one In- 
 stance.' And we are sanguine in the belief, that had he done his 
 part as woll as others, the whole Yankee army would have been 
 captured. But they have escaped, and the whole of this bloody 
 chapter will have to be repeated on some other field. 
 
 McClellan having made his escape and reached the ''base" of his 
 future operations, he produced onje of the most remarkable docu- 
 ments known in the history of this great revolution. For having 
 been defeated in half a dozen battles, and forced to the necessity 
 of applying the torch to hundreds v of thousands of dollars in 
 stores, the most valuable to his army, he speaks of it as change 
 u contemplated," and as having been " accomplished with success," 
 and, no doubt, he has made thousands of his admirers believe it. — ' 
 And after bis army, for a week, had been running as for dear life, 
 and making good tluir flight over the distance of about thirtj- 
 fivc miles, having frequently, both by day and by night, to turn 
 and fight, while thousands of his men were being slaughtered, and 
 
04 
 
 thousands more were captured, without gaining anything -except 
 another chance'td run, he said to his soldiers, "your conduct ranks 
 you among the celebrated armies of history.'' I think he had more 
 truthfully expressed it, by saying, "you rank all the armies, both 
 of ancient and modern times, for you can out run any soldiers in 
 the known world*; which youhavc proved on various occasions, from 
 the days of Bull Run, till now." 
 
 PERSUIT TO WESTOVER, AND RETURN TO RICHMOND. 
 
 Wednesday morning, July 2d.— When the sun cleared away the 
 darkness of the night, it was discovered that the Yankees had also 
 cleared out. We withdrew from the field, and prepared our ra- 
 tions for further pursuit. At the same time, strong parties were 
 •vcouring the fields and woods beyond, to find their position, or the 
 trails by which they had made their exit. And on Friday, while 
 •vve were marching down to the neighborhood of Westover — Mc- 
 Olellan's new "base," he was at work with the following Fourth of 
 July speech : 
 
 HEADQUARTERS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, ) 
 
 Camp mkar* Harrison's Landing, July 4th, 1862, $ 
 
 -Soldiers of the Army of the Potomac: — Your achievements'for- 
 the past ten days, have illustrated the valor and endurance of tho 
 American soldier. Attacked by superior force, and without hopes 
 of reinforcement, you have succeeded in changing your base of ope- 
 rations by a flftnk movement, always regarded as the most hazard- 
 ous of military operations. You have saved all y%ur guns except a 
 few lost in battle, taking in turn, guns and colors from the enemy. 
 
 Upon your march, you have been assailed day after day with 
 desperate fury, by men of the same race and nation, skilful'y man- 
 aged and led. Under every disadvantage of number, and necessity 
 of position also, you have, in every conflict, beaten back your foe 
 With enormous slaughter. 
 
 Your conduct ranks you among the celebrated armies of history. 
 None will now question that each of you may always, with pride, 
 wiy, "1 belonged to the Army of the Potomac." Y r ou have reach- 
 ed this new base, complete in organization, and unimpaired in spirit. 
 The enemy may, at any time, attack you, we are prepared to meet 
 
C5 
 
 them. I Lave personally established your lines, let them come 
 and we will convert their repulse into a final defeat. 
 - Your Government is strengthening you with the resources of a 
 great people. On this, our National birth-day, we declare to our 
 foes, who are rebels against the best interests of mankind, that 
 
 this army shall enter the Capitol of the so-called "Confederacy 
 
 that our National Constitution shall prevail, and that the Union 
 which no longer can insure internal peace and external security to 
 each State, must, .and shall be preserved, cost what it may, in time, 
 treasure and blood." % 
 
 GEORGE B. McCLELLAjN. 
 Major-General, Commaflmng. 
 McClellan says " you have saved all your guns, except a few lost 
 in battle." When General Lee counts his guns, we find that Mc- 
 Clellan has a different idea as to what the word " few " means, to 
 that which Southern people have. And of those which he says 
 they " took in turn," o*ur men know nothing. But we give you the 
 address of 
 
 GENERAL LEE TO HIS SOLDIERS. 
 
 Headquarters in the Field, ) 
 
 July 7th, 1862/ $ 
 
 Gereral Orders, 
 
 No. 75. 
 
 ''The General Commanding, profoundly greatful to the only Giver 
 of all victory for the signal success with which He has blessed our 
 arms, tenders his warmest thanks and congratulations to the army, 
 by whom such splendid results have been achieved. 
 
 On Thursday. June 26th, the powerful and thoroughly equi; 
 army of the enemy was entrenched in works of vast extent and* 
 most formidable in character, within sight of our Capitol. 
 
 To-day the remains of that confident and threatning host lie 
 upon the banks of James river, thirty miles from Richmond, seek- 
 ing to recover under the protection of his gunboats,- from the ef- 
 of a series of disastrous defeats. 
 
 The battle beginning on the afternoon of- the 26th June, above 
 
 anicsville, continued until the night of July 1st, with only 
 
 such intervals as were necessary to pursue and overtake the flying 
 
60 
 
 His strong entrenchments and obstinate resistance were over- 
 come, and our army swept resistlessly down the north side of the 
 Ohickabominy, until it reached the rear of the enemy, and broke 
 hio communication with the York, capturing or causing the des- 
 truction of many valuable stores, and by the decisive battle of Fri- 
 day, forcing the eDemy from his line of powerful fortifications on 
 the south-side of the Chickahominy, and driving him to a precipi- 
 tate .retreat. The victorious army pursued as rapidly as, the ob- 
 structions placed by the enemy in their rear would permit — three 
 times overtaking his flying columns, and as often driving him with 
 slaughter from the field, leaving his numerous dead and wounded 
 in our HHMs in every conflict. 
 
 The immediate fruits of our success are the relief of Richmond 
 from a state of siege, the rout of the great army that so long men- 
 aced its safety, many thousand prisoners, including officers of high 
 rank, the capture or destruction of stores to the value of millions, 
 tnd the acquisition of thousands of arms and»fifty-one pieces of su- 
 perior artillery. 
 
 The service rendered to the country, in this short, but eventful 
 period, can scarcely be estimated, and the General Commanding 
 cannot adequately express his admiration of the courage, endu- 
 rance and soldierly conduct of- the officers and men engaged. 
 
 Tbese brilliant results have cost us many brave men, but while 
 we mourn the loss of our gallant dead, let us not forget that they 
 died nobly in defence of their country's freedom and have linked 
 their memory with an event that will live forever in the hearts of 
 a grateful people. 
 
 Soldiers ! your country will thank you for the heroic conduct 
 you have displayed — conduct worthy of men engaged in a cause so 
 idtet and sacred, and deserving a nation's gratitude and praises 
 
 By command' of General Lee. 
 
 [Signed,] R. H. CHILTON, 
 
 A. A. General. 
 
 This address contrasts well with that of the infidel Yankee 
 leader of Northern fanatics, whose crusade upon the South is as un- 
 holy and unjust as that of .Northern Europe, whfch sacked tho 
 c ities and deluged the Southern States in blood. They claimed 
 
67 
 
 that their cause was holy, and upon their banners was emblazoned 
 the cross^-which is the star of hope to a s'n cursed earth. And in 
 their march they filled the earth with weeping. And so our ene- 
 mies boast a superior religious morality, and deman^a holier Bible 
 and purer religion than was taught by Prophets and Apostles. And 
 in their social compacts and moral creed, reject the institution of 
 Abraham, and the teachings of the Son of God himself. Then the 
 bombastic rant of self conceit in McClellan's Fourth of July address, 
 is in perfect harmony with the large pretentions, high profession and 
 extravagant, pomposity of the people whose great leader and rep- 
 resentative he is. But instead of that majestic air and omnipotent 
 pomp with which McClellan addresses his army, General Lee be- 
 gins, " Profoundly groat ful to the only Giver of ajl victory," Sec. 
 How beautiful ! how befitting a great Gercral ! bending before the 
 Throne and acknowledging the supremacy of his God, while Mc- 
 Clellan declares in his own name, " This^ army shall enter their 
 Capitol," &c. 
 
 From the 5th to the 8th, the command was on picket duty; and 
 in the afternoon of Tuesday evening we received orders to marcl:, 
 and took up the line towards Richmond, and on the tenth, pitched 
 our tents on the same ground from which we had moved on the 
 morning of May 31st, to march to the battle «of Seven Pines. — 
 Thus we completed a tour -of five hundred miles, passing through 
 several bloody engagements, and at the end of forty days, were 
 right were we had started. But the chapter of incidents which oc- 
 curred during the time, Will long be remembered by the Brigade — 
 who, way-worn and battle-begrimed, arc heartily glad of another 
 opportunity to rest. All through the camp they are seen stretched 
 upon the ground under the shade of their " flies " and the sur- 
 rounding trees, while some are gone into the. City to look after 
 wounded friends. 
 
 SAD REFLECTIONS. 
 
 After the engagement at Gaines' Farm, we came with the wound- 
 o 1 to the City, to do all in our power for their comfort. And on 
 learning the command had returned, we visited the camp, and will 
 long remember the greetings we'ftict from both ofhfcrs and men.-— 
 Bui how sad were the hearts of those we mot, could easily be die- 
 
68 " 
 
 covered in the cloud which immediately chased from the face tht 
 smile of pleasure that lit the countenance at our meeting. Many. 
 both effioew and men, were absent from camp. Some of them 
 in the hospitals, while others were left to sleep on the battle 
 field in the soldier's grave — they will no more attend the roll-call 
 of their companions, command the men on .parade, nor march to 
 the music of the fife and drum — nor shall we any more meet them 
 in the private walks of life even when this cruel war is over. They 
 will not return with us when we take up our line of march for our 
 homes in the far west. No, they will not go — they have .already 
 got their discharge, sealed in blood upon the altar of their country, 
 but they have not gone to the flowery Pi aires < of Texas* And 
 though friends may often look for them, and listen for their foot- 
 fall upon the threshold, it will not be heard*— sad thoug! 
 But when we return, we will tell his father that he fell with Lis 
 battle harness on — sword in hand, and his face to the foe, and died 
 with M foiward " on his lips. We will tell his sister that even in 
 death his face was lit up with a living lustre, which hadburned 
 there since the day that Butler's order of New Orleans was first 
 read on dress parade — when he swore his strong right arm should 
 
 Yes, we will tell his mother where he 
 fell, and where we juried hiu*. We will tell her that we wraped 
 bis blanket around him, covered hira with his martial cloak, and 
 buried him. in a soldier's grave. And to that loved one whose 
 image he wore, we will return this ring, and tell her he was a gal- 
 I boy. 
 
 THE HOSPITALS. 
 
 By visiting the hospitals throughout the city, which are f 
 three to four miles to the extremes, we can see what we suffered 
 during six day's battles. There had been no arrangements to 
 quarter the men of .different Slates separately, except in a few in- 
 stances. And the inconvenience and consequent suffering, no one 
 can describe. If you had two friends wounded in the same fight, 
 you would be fortunate, if in the city, you found them within two 
 miles of each other. And as it was our duty to look after the wel- 
 fare of the whole; regiment, over two hundred and fifty of v I 
 had been wounded, no one can properly imagine the trouble and 
 
69 
 
 labor it required to look them up, enquire into their wants and re- 
 lieve their necessities. And how often and warmly we felt to re- 
 proach the" authorities of our State for thus neglecting the wants 
 of men who had left ^ieir homes to do and die for her honor and 
 her liberty ; the reader will be left to imagine. What a shame upon 
 our State pride. And wh*m we remember how well they had done 
 their part, and how high they had written the name of the Lone 
 Star State above' the honors of every other at Gaines' Farm, we felt 
 that Texas was unworthy of such sons. For they, as will be seen 
 by official report, stormed and took the strongest position in that 
 living wall of fire and bayonets, which the enemy had thrown 
 round the Confederate Capitol. They broke his ranks, and led the 
 \ray to victory, crowding the road to death, as if it had been the 
 high-way to festivity and mirth. And now when wounded and 
 unable to care for themselves, they are found crowded. together in 
 unhealthy rooms, on miserable beds, and are without adequate at- 
 testants and nourishing food. They suffered much on account of 
 the inadequate arrangements, and also from the inefficiency of Sur- 
 geons, and the neglect of hospital officers and nurses — some of 
 whom, in the dignity *of their official position, felt at liberty, not 
 only to be cross to the sufferers, but to insult friends who were 
 looking after the wounded, unless they complied with all tho for- 
 malities and technicalities of ".red tape " diplomacy, and that too, 
 during " ojjicia.1 hours." 
 
 THE LADIES OF RICHMOND. 
 
 We would do injustice *to those at whose hands we received a 
 thousand kindnesses, were we to close this part of our narrative with- 
 out a wqrd of praise for the Ladies of Richmond. Thereby we 
 should do viol- nee to our own feelings, and be guilt}- of ingrati-' 
 tude, for kindnesses gratuitously bestowed. For the* kind relief, 
 smiling with a thousand sympathies, which they not Only sent, but 
 
 'ht and delivered with their own hands, will never be fi 
 ten by our suffering men. Early in the morning, and often through 
 the rain, they were seen gathering round the hospitals, each one la- 
 dened with just such things as woman know- ho* 
 
 >-0 well as a soldier with ghastly wounds and exhausted frame, 
 hundreds of miles away from home and !fi to ap- 
 
70 
 
 preciatc. And through all the day long, they were seen hovering 
 round these scenes of suffering, like convoys of ministering An- 
 oo errands of love. And the}- would not only come and bring 
 .such things a< make the sick man glad, but would see that his 
 afreets and clot Iks were changed, and. with their own hands, make 
 up his bed, smoothc his pillow, and often comb Lis liair, arid bathe 
 his feverish hands and face — then with their soups, meats, cakes 
 and ; b his Lunger, and revive his drooping spirits, with 
 
 well flavored wines and cordials, and then talk with him in words 
 of sweetness, of- his motker and home. This they continued until 
 the shadows of evening admonished them that the days work was 
 done, and on leaving, many were the sacred admonitions and cheer- 
 ful encouragements given to look to the great Physician who has 
 ■ balm for the soul and body too. ' 
 
 The attention of Mrs. Webb, Mrs. Davis and Mrs. Stevenson, 
 will long be remembered by the friends of Captains. Porter, Ryan 
 and Own, and Lieutenants Lambert and Reich. Their names will 
 be oft 1 by others also who have recovered and gone to 
 
 their distant homes, where they will tell of the acts of benevo- 
 lence be by the hand mgers^ and that they -wanted 
 for notl ing, that the sympathies of these and other ladies could 
 imagine, would afford comfort to either body Or mind. 
 
 riven too, we saw them gathering round the hospit- 
 als of Manchester, to do offices of mercy for suffering strangers 
 on their couches of straw, and with liberal hands they supplied 
 their wants as if they had been their brothers. ' They knew they 
 had fallen while defending their homes and their honor from the 
 brutal invasion of men, who, in their official orders, neither respect- 
 ed the altars of religion, nor the honors of woman, and this was 
 »quile enough. 
 
 The brigade remained in camp until the 8th of August, during 
 which time, the number of recruits returning from the hospitals, 
 increased it to within a fraction of the number on duty at the bat- 
 tle of June 27th. 
 
 During < ur stay at this place, the subject of making some per- 
 manent hospital arrangments for our sick and wounded had become 
 so apparent that the officers determined to take action in the mat- 
 ter. The sufferings of our men were so great, in consequence of 
 
71 
 
 being scattered in almost ever}' ward throughout the cit}', so that 
 no systematic relief could be rendered by their friends, that they 
 determined to erect a ward for the benefit of the 4th, provided I 
 would superintend the building and furnishing of the same. ' And 
 although this did not belong to the duties of my office, and would 
 give rr.e a great amount of labor and annoyance, in consequsnce of 
 the unwillingness of the department to furnish the material neces- 
 sary," and the great scarcity of such things as were needed, making 
 it almost impossible to purchase, yet with the hope of having a 
 place whore our sick and wounded could be gathered and cared for 
 after they had behaved so well in the defence of our country, I 
 felt wilUng to do any thing in my power for their comfort. And in. 
 fifteen days after" receiving the orders for its construction, it was 
 ready with forty-six beds, and we began to receive the sufferers 
 into it. 
 
 Each Sabbath while thus engaged in the'city, we went to the 
 camp to preach for the 4th and 1st, Who were sufficiently near each 
 other to assemble at the same place— either in the morning or eve- 
 ning, and at other hours of the day had service either with the 5th, 
 or in the sick camp near by. Never had the men attended so well 
 nor listened with so, much interest. The terrors through whicti 
 they had passed, had made their impressions deep, and we trust, 
 lasting upon their minds. ,A.nd from many private interviews, we 
 learned that numbers of them had resolved to become soldit i 
 the cross, as well as soldiers of their country. The Testaments 
 and tracts — as many as we could procure, were received and read 
 with unusual interest. And to Rev. AVilliam Brown, D. 1)., ami 
 lady, we feel greatly indebted for aid in procuring religious matte- 
 for the soldiers to read. 
 
 And we cannot pass the Young Men's Christian Associate u. 
 without the highest word of praise known to our language. From 
 them we received the first word — which spoke out in action — of en- 
 couragement when trying to relieve the temporal wants of our men. 
 They gave me clothes for them, when they had none, they gave me 
 something for them to cat when they were sick an 1 hungry. And 
 we hope they will not be forgotten by our men in time to tome, 
 and that their thoughts will apeak in actions too. They we! 
 eerve the name they bear. 
 
72 
 
 The campaign thus far, hail been a stirring one in all its details, 
 from the Pot< mac, until the six day's battles around Richmond was 
 the end is Dot jet. For by the time it was over, long 
 lines of troops begun their march towards 
 
 CKDAU MOUNTAIN. 
 
 After the bu jftil movement of the " Stonewall " to the rear 
 llan, General Jackson led his brave army buck in the di- 
 rection of the Valley. But instead of crossing the mountain, he 
 1 up to the above named place, and opened another campaign, 
 which proved to be as brilliant as either of the proceeding ones. — 
 On the 8th of August he began an engagement with the command- 
 er who dates his orders from, "Headquarters in the saddle — " ''al- 
 ways looking at the backs of his enemy, nevsr studying the base 
 of operations, nor the line of retreat." But it would appear after 
 the "Stonewall" had - become a mountain avalanche, that he per- 
 formed the task \\^11 for one never having " studied." For after 
 loosing two thousand five hundred men, if he did not turn his 
 upon the " rebels," he must have had a hard way and road to 
 I. For by the 30th of August he is found near Bull Hun, and 
 ling again. Our loss amounted to about ,six or seven hundred. 
 But not having "studied" the science of retreating, Pope halted 
 :ike another view on the Rappahannock, in a 
 
 BATTLE AT FREEMAN'S FORD. 
 
 After resting and recruiting up until 'the 11th of August, our 
 Division received orders to move. But the place of our destina- 
 was, as it ever had been, a mystery. We were to go north, 
 but to what point, and how far, no one knew. Jackson and Long- 
 Street had gene, and we were to join one or the other, but which, 
 we did not know. At 1 o'clock, P. M., we took up the line, and 
 marched thirteen miles, and on the next, day, ten miles, and camped 
 near Hanover Junction. The next day we moved to Anderson 
 Station. Here we remained several days, and then passing near 
 Orange Court House, we joined General Longs treet. The weather 
 was oppressively warm, and several in the Division were smitten 
 with sun-stroke, but as warmer times were just ahead, we moved 
 forward to the Rappahannock. Arriving at Freeman's Ford on the 
 
73 
 
 23d, we were ordered up to relieve General Trimble in the front. 
 But on arriving, we found that the enemy had crossed in force in 
 the immediate front of General Trimble. The preliminari 
 the battle, as old soldTcrs could readily see, had already begun. — 
 The artillery had been at work for some time, and now the sharp- 
 shooters were marking their objects, and ever and anon, you could 
 see some prominent Yankee go down to bite the dust. Soon the 
 skirmishers engage, and in a few moments, the fire Hashes along 
 the main line. On arriving, the Texas Brigade took position on 
 General Trimble's right, and Colonel Law's Brigade on his left. — 
 With line of battle thus formed, the " Forward " was given; the 
 line of the enemy was instantly broken, and driven headlong into 
 the river. And pouring a dreadful fire into their crowds of confused 
 and broken lines, as they were huddling together to cross, many 
 were shot in the backhand others drowned by the crushing crowd 
 which pressed for the other shore. It was the work of but a few 
 minutes, yet about three hundred of their killed and, wounded were 
 left upon the ground and in the river. Here Major M. D. Whaley, 
 of the 5th, fell mortally wounded. His thigh was shattered by a 
 shell, and had to be amputated. lie died on the next day. We 
 lost only ten men in the fight— all of the 5th Texas. (See the list 
 in the appendix.) 
 
 It rained that evening and night, so that the wagons tonld not 
 cross the stream. Green corn was the dhly chance for fedd; and 
 from the same field we drew rations from one side, and the Yan- 
 kees from the other. At night, -on the 23d, the wagons came op ; 
 fUld while the men were cooking their beef and bread, t Lev i i reived 
 orders to march immediately. Supper was in every imaginable 
 shape and condition, except one — ready to eat. Some had just 
 drawn, others Were washing their frying-pans ; some had their beef 
 on the fire; others had only got their flour in the pan, and. had, 
 their hands well bedaubed with the dough— in short, they had 
 tapper in such a shape that they could neither ea1 rry it 
 
 along. And whether they said any bad words at such a disap- 
 pointment, it, is not my business to tell, nor yours to [ 5 ome 
 Objected and, others complained, but it was no use; f<»r the < 
 had come for tl ,s to go to the rear and tl to the 
 front. They were near Waterloo, but it was not the Waterloo of 
 
: y. And although we had suffered no defeat in arms, the boys 
 wet, hungry, and with a long night's march ahead, did suffer u 
 dreadful defeat in their supper. And when they found they had to 
 go, they charged it to the account of profit and loss, and moved*, 
 off". The next day they had another chance to mix up their <}ough. 
 but they were not disappointed this time. On the evening of the 
 2o'th, they quit camp, marched all night, rested an hour in the 
 morning,, marched until noon and rested two hours — having crossed 
 the Rappahannock— continued the rout through Salem until 10 P. 
 M., and halted within four miles of" Thoroughfare Gap. 
 
 PASSAGE OF THOROUGHFARE GAP. 
 
 The next morning (28th) it was found that the enemy had taken 
 posse?- ion of the gap, and was ready to dispute the passage. Jack- 
 son had passea without molestation, they being 'unaware of his 
 merits. But the news had gone out, and they were unwilling 
 that another army of equal force should pass a- gap where five hun- 
 dred men could hold five thousand with but little exposure or dan- 
 ger. We had every prospect of a hard time at this place — a nar- 
 row defile, only sufficiently wide to admit a line of men in double 
 files, with high mountains and long slopes on either hand, all occu 
 in my, who were drawn up in line of battle to receive 
 us. But disputed or undisputed, we were not to be checked long 
 at this point. For Jackson had gone ahead, and every one knows 
 that he cannot live long iu.the same country with the " blue jack- 
 ets,-' without a fight ; and for us to remain here and fool away our 
 time with a few dirty Yankees, would leave him liable to be cut to 
 pieces, or captured by the enemy in full force, who were near at 
 hand. Gen. D. R. Jones was ordered forward; and on reaching 
 the gup, immediately opened upon them, and pressing vigorously, 
 drove them before him from the slopes and gap, and led his men to | 
 the other .sid6. The whole line quickly following, passed through and 
 bivouacked on the field beyond on the night of the 28th. All were 
 aware that hot times were just ahead; for the booming of Old 
 Stonewall's cannon was distinctly heard. We killed and captured 
 about one hundred during the evening — but few casualties on our 
 side. 
 
 ADVANCE TO MANASSAS. 
 
 When the morning of the 29th had scarcely dawned, the Tcxai 
 
- 75 
 
 Brigade was thrown to the front ; and a party of select riflemen 
 of this brigade, under Lieut. Col. Upton, of the 5th Texas, consti- 
 tuted the advatice guard. Moving forward, they came up with tie 
 r*ear guard of the enemy before sunrise. Pressing them vigorous- 
 ly, this gallant officer and his splendid marksmen drove in the rear 
 of the enemy so rapidly, as to be frequently under the necessity o* 
 halting for the* troops to come up. They did not move as if they 
 were afraid to come in contact with the enemy. But following 
 closely at their heels, they had frequent opportunities to try their 
 markmanship at the retreating guard. They also captured more 
 prisoners' during the morning than there were men in their own 
 party. Early in the day they came up with the main body of the 
 enemy on the plains of Manassas. They had driven them back 
 about eight miles, and were now near the ground where Jackson's 
 cannon was heard on yesterday evening. Forming upon line of 
 battle as established by him, 'they rested and waited for orders. — 
 Jackson had renewed the attach, and was now engaging them to 
 our left; and i'voin the thunder of arttllery, aud the roar of mus- 
 ketry, which came up from that direction, no One had to be told 
 that the work of human slaughter was going on. Q-en. Hood post- 
 ed one of his brigade; (Col. Law commanding) on the left of the 
 Warrenton and Alexandra Pike, and the other (Texas) ou t^e 
 right. The line of battle, as established by Cen. Jackson, running 
 nearly north a"nd south, ^md facing to the east, crossed the Pike, 
 about one mile from GrovetQii — or three miles west of the Stone 
 Bridge, acr >3S Ball Run", as it is better know in history — it being 
 the one over which the enemy passed when attempting to flank 
 our army last year. This line as now formed, was in sight of that 
 classic ground. And the tide of battle is soon to roll its dreadful 
 wave over the same field— to rage and break over the same hiljs — 
 making the earth tremble under the charge of rushing squadron*. 
 filling the air with its hideous roar, and the heavens with clouds of 
 dust and mountains of smoke. 
 
 THE PRESENT AND PAST. 
 
 Thousands of living warriors stand trembling with engej' ,°.n\ 
 upon the same ground, waiting for the word, to tread where fallen 
 heroes sleep, and wrVnch from the hand of our enemy another palm 
 
•y'*" - glory. The position 'of the two armies is nearly 
 
 me a~ it w*a twelve months ago, only reversed ; and it is now 
 
 b r or Dot we can whip them on either ^ide of 
 
 -Id. 
 All the recollections of the past crowd upon the mind. Man}' 
 of the heroes gf July 21>t are here. The ' Old Third Brigade, 5 
 le command of Col. I. aw, floats its colors proudly up, 
 the hard of the past, and are resolving 
 
 ill |iare *? Manassas " inscribed upon it a second 
 . The 4th Alabama, which then stood like a gjant in his strenfh, 
 nerved itself for the combat. The names of Colonel 
 1 ftptairi Lindsay, and Lieut. Turner among their first officers, 
 Landmand, Arnold, Kees, Bradford, Pfeston, Bailey, Briggs, 
 Pitts, and many otkers, who stood with them in the ranks, bled upon 
 \ i ■;.' ground. The living now re-resolve to do their 1 country 
 ■r, and avenge the death of their fallen friends. ]<>u- their very 
 I crieth unto them from the ground, and they hear their voices 
 the roar of fire-arms, calling upon them by all the sacred 
 e-gone days, to defedd their graves from the polluted 
 \ of sacriligious hordes, and their country from dishonor and 
 oppression. 
 »Thie field presents one of the liveliest scenes in the grand drama 
 ar which the world has ever beheld. We niight here stand 
 _;aze upon it in mute silence, as** it stretches away to- 
 wards the sunrise, until every hill and vale had told its story — 
 a -history of itself— of the 21st of Jujy, 1861. But living 
 scenes of real life arc more interesting. The roar of cannon, which 
 disturbs the car, and the long black lines" of moving armies, 
 ore attractive. The chivalrous knights of antiquity, and the 
 hals of Napoleon, of* half a century ago, may pass in review 
 mind in times of peace, when the fife and drum are not 
 ! upon the soil of the South, and when the thunder of artil- 
 lery ceases to be heard over the grave at Mount Vernon. This is 
 no place to tell what Cromwell did; nor describe the fields where 
 Caesars fought. Neither does Yorktown, nor New Orleans 
 have claims upon our time now — no time nor attention for the his- 
 ). the past. To-day, we history for the world to read. 
 
 lay and to morrow we will write more than one of its pages in 
 
77 
 
 human blood. On yesterday, the roar of battle and the purpl-e 
 
 stream begun. 
 
 SECOND DAY'S BATTLE. 
 
 To-day a broader and bloodier scene is opening up before us. 
 
 For now (4 o'clock P. M.) the enemy moves forward in tremend. 
 • force, both in number and effort,' upon the lines of Jackson (on i. 
 left) from one end to the other; but he holds his ground, and piles 
 them in scores as they come. A courier from Longstrcet arrives 
 with orders to Gen.JHood to lead his Division forward. But be- 
 fore they had' time to come to order, the enemy having advanced 
 under cover of the woods, opened fire. The order was instantly 
 given, and the whole line moved down on bolh sides of the roa . 
 into the open field. Their step is steady, and glistening steel 
 along the line. The artillery has been planted upon the hills j and 
 as the infantry moved down, the artillery filled the heavens w. 
 shot and shell. Finally, the " make ready" is heard, and instantly 
 a sheet of fire flashes along the line. The advancing line of t 
 enemy falters, halts — another voile;,-, and thoy give way. nil back, 
 and take up another position to the rear; but only to Be driven 
 again and again, as our advancing lines draw near the ground up 
 which they assayed to stand. Thus, on and on they are driven, 
 until night puts an end to our progress, and gives shelter to a v 
 quished army. But it was not until 9 o'ejock at night the war- 
 riors were called off from the chase, and ordered to rest u 
 their arms. 
 
 After thus pressing a>nd driving them a mile and a half, our < 
 ccrs supposing the enemy would withdraw to some little distan 
 to make arrangements for the morning, aimed to take advanl 
 all they had gained, by quietly moving up and taking position upon 
 the abandoned ground. But»thcy were mistaken; for they had 
 gone but a short distance, when they found then in the 
 
 midst of the enemy. It was so dark that one flag could not 
 distinguished from another; nor the Yankee troops from Southern 
 soldi- .ir men had to' rc?crt to the bayonet and bottc 
 
 their guns to drive them back from the ground. And ow 
 some li> our o-. tents, {}\cy had l 
 
 out their names and numbers to prevent being fired into by ecu 
 
* r\ The enemy beard it, and took advantage of the informa- 
 tion gained. One of their brigades, by our movement in the dark, 
 had been cut off. But as they came up, they sung out, '• 5th 
 Texas, don't s!:oot ;" and so passed. At the same time, to divert 
 our attention, they dashed a squadron of cavalry upon us, or else 
 the trick might have been detected in time to have captured or 
 shot them down upon the spot; for the 5th Texas was at hand, and 
 the deception would not have lasted long enough for their purpose. 
 But the cavalry paid well for their visit. Many of them slept 
 upon the ground' by their newly made acquaintances, and their 
 slumber was so deep that the rising sun did not wake them up. — 
 The order, " Right about," was quietly given, and our men fell 
 back about two hundred yards. - Pickets were then posted within 
 about sixty pace- of the enemy. One of .our men went forward 
 to look out the position and strength of the enemy. But he had 
 not gone far when he received a shot, and crawled back to the line. 
 
 Colonel Law "command captured one piece of artillery during 
 ;ta brilliant march on the other side of the Pike. The Colonel had 
 smelt powder, on that field a year ago, but the battle scar 
 h he then received, was to be avenged in the second fight. — 
 ral Hood was in charge, not only of his own Division, -but re- 
 ceived and sent I three or four other Brigades. 
 
 It was now discovered that this Division was far in advance of 
 Jackson's Corps; and at midnight, orders were sent round to*fall 
 back to the line from which the*charge had begun. Here the weary 
 warriors rested, and wait and wish for the coming morning. 
 
 THE SECOND GREAT VICTORY AT MANASSAS. \ 
 
 The morning of August 30th finall}' dawned. And the deeds of 
 this day, will be read long after these warriors have cc.i cd to hear 
 the roar of battfe. And as the reader would love to witness the 
 struggle from morning till night, and watch the advance of our 
 conquering arms to the farthest end of the fkld, we will .take our 
 stand on the heights where our line of battle was first formed ; 
 and to the left of Colonel' Law's Brigade, which brings us near to 
 •Jackson's right ; but a little- to the rear of where he is now en- 
 gaging the enemy. This position places us in the centre, Jackson's 
 on the left, and Longstrcet on the right. ' It is true, that the 
 
79 
 
 position to which I have invited you, is one on which there are 
 many Yankees posted, but you need not be afraid of them, for 
 Jackson passing on Thursday, and Hood on Friday, located them 
 there, and now they are as peaceful as you would have them be, 
 except the stink of those left by Jackson. But as this is a com- 
 mon failing with the Yankees, to the smell of Southern people, you 
 must put up with it for one day. And, as you are not accustomed 
 to the music of 6hot and shell, nor the melody of grape and canis- 
 ter, it may make you a little nervous. But I will advise you of 
 the fact, that you should not dodge, when you hear them pass, 
 for in trying to get your head out of the way of one, you may put 
 it right in the way of another. And while you are thus putting 
 the head out of danger, you may get shot in the foot, and if you 
 turn around to avoid a scar «4n the face, you may get shot in the 
 back. Having taken our position, and facing to the east, we have 
 the battle field of Manassas before us. The Warrenton and Alex- 
 andria Pike, passes two or three hundred yards to our right. — 
 The field upon which the battle was fought last 3 r ear, ties to the 
 right-of the Pike, which crosses the Run on the Stone* Bridge, 
 about three miles off, but which we cannot see, in consequence of 
 a skirt of timber a little beyond Young's Branch ; the position 
 from which we fell back last night. To the right, and about a 
 mile distant from the bridge, may be seen the position occupied by 
 General Johnston, as he watched the movements of the enemy, 
 and sent forward troops to Beauregard. The artillery has taken 
 position upon all the surrounding heights. 
 
 Picket firing and artillery duel'ing, begins at an early hour in 
 the morning, on different portions of the field. The enemy have 
 followed up, and occupied the ground which we abandoned for 
 want of support — and looking beyond Groveton, you can see the 
 "red breeches Zouaves." and old United* States Regulars, crossing 
 Young's Branch, and taking position in the rear of Groveton. — 
 Towards noon the enemy are se< •n in great force, the artillery 
 they post on every hill, and form their infantry in the rallies and 
 gorges below. The preliminaries having been arranged, heavy 
 lines of skirmishers are thrown forward. The field begins to pre- 
 sent to the eye a little world of commotion. Bayonets brittle, 
 the long lines, and heavy masses are moving yonder and yonder, on 
 
80 
 
 bQth " the road. The hopes of Southern Liberty arc in line 
 
 of battle, and officers are standing in little groups, while aids and 
 couriers arc dashing from one position to another, receiving and 
 tg orders to the different commands. Clouds of smoke are 
 from the hill-tops, and growing and blackning,as the number 
 f g ; ;d, and more vigourously served by the cannon- - 
 
 niers. Conspicuous, aud a little to our right and rear, is Riley's. 
 splendid batteries, throwing shot and shell into their midst. Yon- 
 der to our left, the skirmishers arc hastily drawn in, and a sleet 
 of fire blazes along the line on the Peach Grove Farm. It is 
 >ck, P. M. A desperate effort is being made by the enemy 
 to turn Jackson's right. .But, having his position in the rail 
 rut. his men are but little exposed. "And with good-aim, they thin 
 the ranks of the advancing line. At ^ast, they reach the top of 
 ill, and are piled in scores upon the ground. Their 
 rnd fallback, yet it is but to rally and renew the 
 
 and another line moves up to their support : but they 
 the same deadly lire more murderous than before. — 
 ;. rail fence between them, and their lines are not more than 
 from each other. That fence was literally sh< 
 pieces an I many of the rails cut in two, and shot into splinters 
 by rifle balls. Their lines were again driven back — and not to be 
 I. But, giving way in great confusion, were pursued by 
 brave men, who cheeked the speed of many a Yankee, as he ; 
 haste from the range of Jackson's riflemen. Listen, and yon 
 hear* the shout of victory from Jackson's little band ofnero 
 pursuit of the flying foe. The surge of that mighty cheer, rises 
 ve the storm of battle. 
 But gazing so intently upon this part of the line we have lost 
 sight of the field. Look yonder on the Pike, they have driven in 
 the skirmishers, and the bat under Longstreet's com- 
 
 mand. 
 
 HOOD'S DIVISION IS MOVING, 
 
 and, having crossed that open field, the Texas Brigade is entering 
 the skirt of timber to the right. They are gone for but a few 
 miuules, until the roar of a thousand h is heard, and the 
 
 great iron balls break, and rend the forest like a storm. The 
 
81 
 
 bodies of the trees are scathed and severed, and the giant arms 
 of the oak are broken like the reed. Soon the Texas Brigade is 
 struggling like a giant, with the flower of the enemy's army ; but 
 in a few minutes the work is done, the ground is covered with the 
 dead, and the hills with the flying foe. They charged gallantly on 
 with their usual daring and enthusiasm', driving them in great con- 
 fusion, for a mile and a half. These were the Zouaves and Regu- 
 lars, to which your attention has been called ; and in testimony of 
 the manner in which our boys disposed of them, we q- ote a few 
 lines from Pollard's history of the battle : " Hood's Brigade form- 
 ed Longstreet's left, and, of course, charged next the Pike. In its 
 track, it met Sickle's 'Excelsior Brigade,' and almost annihilated it. 
 The ground was piled with the slain." They had been selected 
 and pitted against the Texans, as we have since been informed by 
 prisoners captured. They had been feeling for our position for 
 a day or two ; and the collision of the evening before, had revealed 
 to them the part of the field we were on* Cut, coming in sight of 
 them, our men were not frightened at their red breeches, nor the 
 appearance of their red scull-caps, with cow-tail looking tassels ; 
 but they seemed to be fired afresh for the combat. And I guess it 
 will be sometime before tboseZouaves will hunt up the Texas 
 boys again, to "skeer " them with their scarlet trowsers. This is 
 the second time we have met and whipped them; but, if they are 
 not satisfied, let them look us up again. At the far edge of this 
 timber, they lay thick over the ground, and then scattered up and 
 down Young's Branch, and far over the field beyond. The line of 
 theJV flight was marked by the carcasses, which fell from their 
 ranks as they were making a brave charge in the wrong direction. 
 Hundreds of them, after our own men were buried, were hilled up 
 like a potato-patch on the field. But many of their stinking car- 
 casses lay for weeks polluting the air, and their bones now bleach-r 
 ing%i the sun, on the very soil which their polluted feet had dese- 
 crated. So the number was small that was left to gloat over a 
 victory, won from the soldiers of Texas. And they, instead of re- 
 joicing in the glories of a victory, have to mourn the shame of a 
 disgraceful defefit, 
 
 THE FOURTH CAPTURES A BATTERY. 
 
 Soon after the enemy had been driven from their first position, 
 G 
 
8J 
 
 a courier arrives to inform General Hood, that General Long- 
 •treet wished to see him immediately. Ordering his command 
 to " press the enemy back to the branch, and there halt under 
 ■belter of the bill" from the battery, he rode back to receive the 
 orders of the Commanding General. Although the officers and 
 men of our brigade are usuafiy strict in their obedience to orders, 
 ,tbey did trespass, to some extent, on this occasion. And 4jreneral 
 Hood might have known better than give such orders, at such a 
 time — for having been with the brigade as long as he has, he 
 migbt have known, that with such a temptation before them, they 
 could not obey it. They, however, didobey the first part of tho 
 order, " drive them back to the branch," to the letter, but the 
 H halt " pact of the order, they could not obey. For, with the red 
 breeches "skedaddling " over the field, and that fine battery in full 
 view, they marched right on, and in one bold dash, cleared the 
 guns, and swept every thing from the field before them. It was 
 here that Major Townsend fell wounded, while gallantly cheering 
 his men to the charge. And, as if in defiance of the cannon, moved 
 right up to its front, discharging his six shooter at the men that 
 worked the guns, and fell within a few steps of its moutb. 
 
 \V hen General 'Hood returned, they were not to be found where he 
 had ordered them to halt, but passing up the hill, he found that 
 they had run over the battery, and were in the valley beyond 
 pouring their deadly fire into the backs of those splendid troops, 
 which McOlellan had eulogized so highly below Richmond, on tho 
 Fourth of July. Here they were moving in glorious confusion — 
 Zo laves, Regulars and Artillerists, all together. When the Gene- 
 ral came up, instead of having them arrested for disobedience of 
 orders, and sent to the guard house, he said, " boys you don't know 
 how proud I am of you. You have behaved gallantly; you have done 
 nobly. For you have fought like heroes. Men who fight in this - 
 way, can never be whipped." • 
 
 The brigade was now far in advance of the other portions of the 
 army — the 4th Texas leading the van. They had looked neither 
 to the right nor to the left, to see if others were doing their duty, 
 and coming up to their support, but with the red breeches before 
 them, they had been pressing forward to the " mark." After dri- 
 ving them sufficiently on to gain a position of shelter from the fire 
 
«3 
 
 of the enemy, the General, riding in front of the 18th Georgia, 
 halted the command, that it might have time to rest, and moving 
 on to the right near the Chinn House, took position upon an emi- 
 nence, where he could watch and direct the movements of the line 
 over that portion of *he field. Some five or six brigades were 
 there received, and posted by him, under the fire of the enemy's 
 guns. Too much cannot be said, in honor of the gallant manner 
 in which he had behaved and handled, not only his own Brigade 
 and Division, but those also which were 6ent to him for disposition, 
 while the fight was going on. He won for himself a name that 
 will go down in history. For not only did he command his own 
 men, viz ; the 1st, 4th and 5th Texas, 18th Georgia and Hampton 
 Legion, and rush them like a whirlwind, over the field — direct- 
 ing the destiny of the " Lone Star' ' to a higher position upon the 
 roll of honor, but had immediate command of nearly all the troops 
 on this portion of the ground. 
 
 While our Brigade was resting at the point where General Hood 
 had halted it, General Evans rode up on his grey charger, and ral- 
 lied himself for a moment, waving his hat and eulogizing the men. 
 The boy&, some of them, were foolish enough to think that he was. 
 lost from his command, but if he was, it was not long before he 
 found them again, and led them on to the fight in his usual way. 
 
 As soon as the men had time to rest, and our advancing lines 
 came up in supporting distance, our Brigade was again led forward. 
 And others who had not participated in the fight, were brought 
 forward and thrown upon the field, until the whole concentrated 
 army of the enemy found itself flying in a second Bull Run defeat, 
 across the same stream which they had crossed a year before in 
 grand confusion, and hastening might and main towards Washing- 
 ton as for dear life. Or, in more modern language, they were 
 " skedaddling at Bull Run speed," to effect a " splendid change of 
 base." (?) 
 
 Gen. Longstreet was in the rear, sending forward the men as fast 
 as they arrived, and watching the behavior of his corps as they 
 strove successfully with superior forces. And I will take occasion 
 he-e to remark that it seems that our commanding officers have at 
 last learned to be prudent, and not unnecessarily expose themselves, 
 and thereby their army and .their country, to dangerous perils, bj 
 
84 
 
 Caking their position too near the enemy's fire. True, the highest 
 in command, under certain circumstances, should lead the charge, 
 and go with the men even to the cannon's very mouth. But this 
 is not often. Our men do not need their chief officers to set them 
 an example of bravery and daring. They only need to be told 
 when and where to go. 
 
 At the battle of Gaines' Farm, Gen. Hood commanded the 4th 
 Texas in person. This was a trying hour. He had already sent 
 forward the other regiments of his command into the fight. This 
 regiment had been held in reserve. The time had come and the 
 place found in which it was most needed. He knew the men and 
 they knew him; and each knew the confidence which the other 
 had, in an hour of trial, and with a mutual confidence thus sus- 
 tained, there was no fear of failure. The battle had been raging 
 all the afternoon, and our advantages were btft small, if indeed, 
 they could be called advantages at all. Our lines had been held in 
 check. Brigade after brigade had been led rapidly forward, and as 
 rapidly repulsed ; and some of them driven from the field. The 
 fate of the day, which was almost at a close, now depended upon 
 ©no single bold dash, that would break and penetrate the enemy's 
 front, and throw his lines in confusion. "VVe could afford to hazard 
 the destiny of one of our best officers in the dreadful attempt. It 
 was made and done. The shout of victory was first heard in the 
 4th Texas, under Hood's command. And we may here say, that no 
 one doubted the bravery of Colonel Marshall, who fell just as the 
 charge begun. Nor did they question the gallantry of their daring 
 Major, Bradfute Warwick, who fell mortally wounded, soon after 
 they had stormed and taken the first breast-works. But every one 
 knows, that the presence of an officer high in command, nerves the 
 men to almost super-human exertions in an hour like this. 
 
 And it was again necessary on the plains of Manassas that some 
 one should stand forth upon the field, whose .proud spirit and noble 
 bearing would inspire each officer and man with the perfect assur- 
 ance of victory. And for this high, though dangerous position, the 
 General commanding again selects General Hood, who performed 
 the duty assigned with great satisfaction, and filled the most san- 
 guine expectations of all upon the fieid. 
 
 But in thus presenting the noble part which this officer acted on 
 
85 
 
 the Plains of Manassas, we would not detract from one of the gal- 
 lant officers who were in command, nor from a single soldier the 
 praise due to his valor. For the whole army, with the fewest ex- 
 ceptions, did their duty on this day. For the very thought of the 
 presence of the spirits of fallen brothers, who bled on this field a 
 year a?:o, and over whose graves we now tread, was sufficient to 
 make each man a giant in the fight. And each one will be held in 
 rememberance by a grateful country for the part which he so nobly 
 acted. And even the scars received will not, like the mark on Cain, 
 point them out as monsters to the world, but make them respected 
 wherever they may go. 
 
 Thus the day ended, and so did the second battte of Manassas, 
 after three days bloody conflict, and with as much honor to our 
 arms as on last year. And August 30th, 1862, will be written by 
 the historian with as much pride to our countiy as July 21st, 1861. 
 
 Jackson's victory on the north side of the Piko^was quite as 
 complete as our own, and our victorious army slept beyond the 
 battle-field, near the Sudley Ford road. 
 
 The brave and gallant Upton, Lieut. Colonel of the 5th, was left 
 dead upon the field. He did his duty on both da}-s of the fight. — 
 His loss is deeply felt. Lieut. Colonel Ruff and Majer Griffis, of 
 the 18th Georgia, were wTmnded. Col. Robertson, of the 5th Texas, 
 was also severely wounded, while leading his regiment far out upon 
 the field. 
 
 Co!. Woffbrd, of the 18th Georgia, Lieut. Col. Work, 1st Texas, 
 and ' ieut. Col- Garey, of the Hampton Legion, being in command 
 of their respective regiments, deserve the highest praise for their 
 coolness and braver)'. Lieut. Col. Carter, in command of the 4tii 
 Texas, had an opportunity to show his value as an officer upon the 
 field; and to his gallantry maybe attributed, in a great degree, 
 the brilliant dash made upon the battery of six gtftM, five of which 
 were captured bj r his regiment. And we would again call to mind 
 the conduct of Major Townsend, who-e bravery amounted almost 
 to recklessness at the time the charge was made upon these gun-; 
 and being wounded, the regiment lost his services during the re- 
 mainder of the day. Capt. Hunter, while leading his company for- 
 ward upon the same battery, received a serious wound, which, al- 
 though dangerous, was not mortal. But those who were not 
 
8« 
 
 wounded deserve equal praise with those who were more unfortu- 
 nate. Among whom were Captains Winkler, Cunningham, Bassett, 
 Martin, Darden, Brandon, Barziza, (who received a slight wound, 
 in the arm,) and also Lieut. McLaurin and Dugan, who were in 
 command of their respective companies. I woald love to give the 
 names of all the subordinate officers and privates who fought 60 
 gallantry. But the limits of the present work will not allow me 
 that pleasure. But as the conduct of our whole brigade, as well as 
 that of Col. J aw's Brigade, ^ better described by Gen. Hood, un- 
 der whose eye they fought, I content myself by giving it in his 
 Own language ; and this short sentence says all that good officers 
 and brave, men could ask. After speaking of the trophies which 
 they won upon the field, he adds, "As to their gallantry and un- 
 flinching courage, they stand unsurpassed in the history of the 
 world." 
 
 The trophiqp won are justly distributed among the regiments as 
 follows: Hampton Legion, three stands of colors ; 18th Georgia, 
 two ; 5th Texas, four ; and the 4th Texas, two, and five pieces of 
 artillery. This battery, commanded by Capt. Curran, had volun- 
 teered under a call on that morning to support the Zouaves and 
 Regulars, .in their attack on the Texas Brigade. The commander 
 of which remarked to one of our men, while he lay mortally wound- 
 ed, " I promised to drive you back or die by my guns, and I have t 
 kept my word." And so he had, for when the men returned from 
 the charge, he lay dead under one cf his guns. This officer had a 
 heart and a. courage worthy of a better cause. Colonel Law's Bri- 
 gade captured one gun and three stands of colors, making in all six 
 guns and fourteen stands of colors, captured by Hood's Division. 
 
 But it becomes my painful duty, after recording the history of 
 these regiments, and the glory of our arms upon this day, also to> 
 open to the reader the 
 
 CHAPTER OF OUR MISFORTUNE. 
 
 Yes, we must be sad in the midst of joy. For after we have 
 scattered and driven the enemy in broken masses over the hills 
 and beyond the stream, we must look back over ground which was 
 marked by blood and fire at every step. Many of our officers, who 
 were never absent from their post, and men that were never known 
 
to flinch from the fight, are not to be seen. The roll is called, and 
 the "marks" run up. and it is found that one- half of our men ar» 
 gone. They are left upon the field, scattered from this spot to the 
 place where the fight begun — a distance of myre than two miles. 
 Some are dead an<^ others are bleeding. And to form an idea of 
 this horrible day, you have but to imagine a field cxcr which the 
 sword has flashed, and fifty thousand bayonets have bristled the 
 hills from morning till night, and as many rifles poured their vol- 
 leys of lead, while a perfect storm of iron hail rained all over the 
 ground. Its extent from north to south is about three miles, by 
 two in width. This done, and you have the field over which death 
 rode in his chariots of fire, and held his conquering reign August 
 28th, 29th and 30th, 1862. 
 
 Our entire loss is supposed to amount to about six thousand, 
 in killed and wounded ; but the loss of the enemy is astonishgly 
 greater — thirty thousand at least in killed, wounded and prisoners. 
 Of this we have the means of positively knowing; for we were 
 left in entire possession of the field, and, consequently, of the kill- 
 ed and wounded on both 6ides. 
 
 On the next day, after the killed and wounded had been cared 
 for, the march was continued to the Sudley Ford, and from thence 
 to the Leesburg Pike, three miles from Germantown. Here Geo. 
 A. P. Hill, on Monday, completed the work of a battle which I 
 may say begun at a distance of fifty miles from this place, and 
 lasted for twenty days — for from August 9th to Sept. 1st, the work 
 went on. Here we remained until next evening — the object being 
 to cut oft' the enemy's trains and harrass his rear; but their good 
 Bpeed enabled them to save the greater portion. Yet the whole 
 line was strewed with abandoned guns, caissons, wagons, ambu-. 
 lances, commissary and quartermaster's stores, ordinance of every 
 kind, and small arms|of every pattern — knapsacks, cartridge-boxes, 
 canteens, haversacks, blankets, overcoats, camp-kettles, tin cups, 
 and frying pans at almost every step in their splendid race from 
 Groveton to the Stone Bridge, and for miles beyond. 
 
 MARYLAND CAMPAIGN. 
 
 After reaching Drainsville, we found we had accomplished about 
 all we could expect in that direction. But there was another field 
 
88 
 
 for op* ration, and a part of the army was already wending its way 
 in that direction. So we were faced about, and passing through 
 and beyond Leesburg about four miles, we came to White's lord? 
 and crossed the Potomac into Maryland. 
 
 Sept. Gtli. — Passing through Buckeystown, we arrived at the 
 Monocracy river, at the crossing of the Baltimore k Ohio Railroad. 
 Here also is Hie junction of the Frederick road. The command 
 was halted here for two days ; for we were now in supporting dis- 
 tance of Jackson, who had goue above for the purpose of falling 
 upon Harper's Ferry. And to prevent McClellan from reinforcing 
 the enemy at that place, and also from moving upon Jackson's rear, 
 we had been sent forward to occupy this line. While here, the 
 bo}\s amused themselves in blowing up the splendid Railroad bridge 
 across the river, which must have cost thousands of dollars. From 
 thence we moved through Frederick city, Boonsboro, and on to the 
 vicinity of Hagerstown. 
 
 ENGAGEMENT AT BOONSBORO GAP. 
 
 On the morning of the I4th, we moved back to Boonsboro 
 Gap, or South Mountain, a distance of thirteen miles. Arriving 
 between 3 and 4, P. M., we found that General 1). II. Hill had al- 
 re:ei\ D4 un the engagement, with a heavy body of the enemy, who 
 were aiming to reinforce Miles at the Ferry. General Hood took 
 up his position on the left of the Pike, but was soon ordered to 
 move to the right, as the troops on that part of the field were giv- 
 ing way to superior numbers. On his march to the right, he met 
 General Drayton coming out, saying the enemy had succeeded in 
 passing to his rearj At this information, Hood immediately in- 
 clined his command still farther to the right, over a rugged coun- 
 try, and hastily put his men in position to receive them. Soon he 
 ordered the two Brigades forward with fixed bayonets. The or- 
 der was promptly obeyed, and our lines restored upon the ground, 
 which lad been lost Night coming on, prevented farther pursuit. 
 We lost but wry few ; yet had foiled the enemy in his effort with 
 seventy-five thousand men, to relieve Miles at Harper's Ferry. 
 
 SIIARPSBURG. 
 Soon after night, orders were received to withdraw from his po- 
 
89 
 
 sition. All our forces were to fall backin.thc direction of Sharps- 
 burg, or Antietam river ; and we were again to act as the rear 
 guard of the array. But there was little or no annoyance on the 
 march. Arriving on the heights beyond the Antietam river, near 
 the Town of Sharpsburg, about noon on the 15th, we took posi- 
 tion on the right of the road leading to Boonsboro. But, as it was 
 found that the enemy was threatening an immediate attack on the 
 other flank, we were ordered to move to the extreme left, and 
 take position on the Hagerstown road, near St. Mamma Church. — 
 Here we remained, under the shot and shell of the enemy, until 
 near sunset, on the evening of the 16th, at which time the enemy 
 made a vigorous attack upon our left. They had crossed in great 
 force higher up the Antietam, at Smoketown. Hood's Division, 
 of two small Brigades, were all the troops in this portion of the 
 field. Yet he succeeded in checking, and then in driving them 
 back for some distance, when night put an end to the contc>t. — 
 During the njght. General Jackson's troops having arrived, they 
 were thrown to our left, and at almost a right angle with our line, 
 and with a space of some little distance between our left, and his 
 right ; Ins line facing west, and ours north. 
 
 The office! s and men of this Division, having been without food 
 for three days, except half rations of beef and green corn, General 
 Lawton, with two Brigades, was ordered to relieve us, that we 
 might have a chance to cook. On the morning of the 17th, the 
 firing commenced at 3 o'clock, along the line of General Lawton. 
 At 0, A. M , General Hood received notice from him, that he 
 would need all the aid he could render, in order to hol;l the posi- 
 tion. In a few minutes, another courier arrived, and informed 
 him that General Lawton was wounded, and he must mn.t'.r- 
 ward immediately and take the command. His men were ready 
 for the word, and were instantly moved out upon the field, where 
 they met the advancing lines of an immense force, consisting of 
 not less than two entire Corps of their army; and neeording to 
 their own statements, were soon reinforced by several Brigades. 
 
 "Here," says General Hood, " I witnessed the most terrible" 
 clash of arms, by far, that has occurred during the war." A little^ 
 wqjld of artillery was turned loose upon us— and the line of tlKur 
 shot and shell screaming, blazing and bursting as they tlew, made 
 
90 
 
 a perfect net work in their passage through the air. " And here," 
 ■ays lie, "the two little giant Brigades of my command, wrestled 
 with the mighty force, and although they lost hundreds of t'heir 
 officers and men, they drove them from their position, and forced 
 them to abandon their guns on our left." 
 
 Thus the battle raged furiously until 9 o'clock. The enemy had 
 been driven some four or five hundred yards by this little band of 
 gallant men. But, fighting at right angels, w ith our general line 
 of battle, it afforded the enemy an opportunity to pour a heavy 
 fire into the right and rear of Colonel Law's Brigade, which made 
 it necessary for the Division to move to the left and rear, into the 
 woods, to close Up the unoccupied space., between our left and 
 Jackson's right, at the angle of the two lines, near the St. Mumma 
 Church. And especially was this move necessary, as Jackson had 
 moved the troops from his right flank, without our knowledge, 
 thereby leaving our left entirely exposed. Moving back near the 
 Church, they formed and held thMr position bravely until 
 10.30, A.M ., when General McLaws arrived with his command, 
 which, being formed, was immediately thrown forward upon 
 the field, and becoming engaged, Hood's Division was with- 
 drawn to the rear, to replenish their cartridge boxes. At noon 
 they returned, and were ordered to form in rear of the Church, 
 and hold their ground, which they did, until about 4, P. M., when 
 the Division moved to the right, near the centre, and there re- 
 mained until the night of the 18th. During the day, we waited 
 their advance, bu<; they did not move. Two or three guns were 
 fired, as a challenge to the contest, but still they did not come — 
 They had received a shock, so severe, and lost so many officers and 
 men, that they were not willing to hazzard another attempt. — 
 And they felt so proud that they had not been run entirely off the 
 field as usual, they were perfectly willing to make the child's bar- 
 gain with us — " I'll let you alone, if you'll let me alone." They 
 knew from their facility at lying, that they could manufacture a 
 splendid victory out of the fight, and not fire another gun, not- 
 withstanding we had waited all day, and challenged them to renew 
 the fight. And, sure enough, they have so published it to the 
 world. But it is like those splendid victories won by McClellan, 
 around Richmond — and by Pope, at Manassas. 
 
91 
 
 * HOOD SENDS FOR AID. 
 
 On the morning of the 17th, Major,. Blanton was despatched to 
 Generaf D. H. Hill, to ask for troops to assist in holding the left 
 of our position, but he returned a negative reply — u He had no 
 troops to spare.'* Again and again, General Hood sent for aid, 
 while his little devoted band of heroes were struggling with the 
 many thousands of the enemy, who were pouring in, in a constant 
 flood. In hopes of aid, liiey held their ground, and even drove 
 them back over the fiefd, long after every prospect to the eye of 
 the observer of their final success had fled. They were frequent- 
 ly cheered with the indefinite promise, t; You will be reinforced 
 goon, hold on a little longer." They had never been beaten upon 
 the-field, and knew not how to give up the ground. • They were 
 out-numbered, twenty to one. But there they stood, amid the 
 etorm of death,, until they became the astonishment and admira- 
 tion of their enemies. And in their report of the fight, they pay 
 this Division, the following well earned tribute of praise : 
 
 From the New York "Herald," Sept. 20th. 
 
 11 General Ricketts at once assumed command. But our victo- 
 rious movement had lost its impulse. Our right had advanced 
 and s\#?pt across the field so far, that its front, originally, almost 
 in a line with the front of the centre and left, formed almost a 
 right angle with them. While our lines rather faltered, the rebels 
 made a sudden and impulsive onset, and tilrove dir gallant fellows 
 back over a part of the hard won field. What we had won, how- 
 ever, was not to be relinquished without a desperate struggle. And 
 here, up the hills and down through woods and standing corn, over 
 the plowed land and the clover," the line of fire swept to and fro, as 
 one side or the other gained a temporary advantage. ^ * It is 
 beyond all wonder, how men, such as these rebel troops are — can 
 fight as they do. That those ragged and filthy wretches, sick, 
 hungry, and, in all ways miserable, should prove such heroes in the 
 fight, is past explanation. Men never fought better. There was 
 one regiment that stood up before the fire of two or three of our 
 long range batteries, and two regiments of infantry. And though 
 he air was vocal with the whistle of bullets and the scream of 
 
92 
 
 shells, there they stood, and delivered their fire in perfect order." 
 As to the regiments here refered to, it will detract nothing from 
 the honor of our troops, to tell the reader that this was our whole 
 Brigade. Numbering in all, when this fight begun, only eight 
 hundred and fifty-four men. Not the number of one full regiment. 
 The_y had passed through so many battles, that regiments looked 
 like companies, and brigades looked like regiments. Yet, small as 
 they were, they did the work of strong-dull commands. 
 
 The great misfortune on that daj' was, that our higher officers 
 did not discover in time, that it was on this" part of the field, that 
 the enemy had staked the fortunes of the day. Of this, they 
 could not be convinced, though frequently advised by General Hood 
 and Staff, that they were moving in sight, and in tremendous 
 force. And in connection with this matter, General Hood remark- 
 ed, that he was " thoroughly of the opinion, that the victory of that 
 day, would have been as thorough, quick and complete, as on the 
 Plains of Manassas, on the 30th of August, if General MeClaws 
 had reached the field with his men, even as late as 9 o'clock.' 1 — ;• 
 The reasons for his tardiness, we hope, will be satisfactory, when 
 he renders his report. But, if he moved carelessly up, stopping at 
 the river and loosing two hours, as we are told he did, waiting for 
 his men fo strip and roll up their clothes, to prevent getting them 
 wet, and then halting for some time, for them to make their toilette 
 on the other side, not only the loud condemnation of a country, 
 which had, in part, entrusted him with its destiny, should fall upon 
 him, but the strong arm of the law should take hold, and by one 
 way or another, remove him from a position, in which he is able to 
 jeopardize her future weal. This is not the first time that a single 
 man has thwarted the plans of a great army, and made its victory 
 only half complete. 
 
 EVACUATION OF MARYLAND. 
 
 On the evening of the 18th, we received orders to recross the 
 Potomac. Our march to and across the river was undisturbed. — 
 This, of itself, will show to the world the nature of McClellan's 
 victory. And if he had beaten and driven us, as he publishes, why 
 did he allow us to pass quietly away, after holding the field a whole 
 day and night ? Why did he not follow our army as we did his, 
 
93 
 
 near Richmond, forcing him to turn and fight, to save his routed 
 men ? 
 
 We had accomplished our object, as far as we were able, and, of 
 course, were ready to return. . Harper's Ferry had fallen, and its 
 rich prizes were ours. They, it is true, expected us to move against 
 Washington, Philadelphia and Baltimore; and whether we would 
 capture one or all of them, they could not tell. But we had started 
 out for Harper's Ferry, and as much else as circumstances would al- 
 low us to accomplish. And having won it, we saw that the magni- 
 tude of further invasion was greater than our preparations, and wo 
 returned to await another "on to Richmond." Our loss will not 
 exceed seven thousand men, in killed, wounded and missing, while 
 McClellan's friends set down his killed and wounded at fourteen 
 thousand seven hundred and ninety-six, up to the 18th. And, 
 by adding about two thousand for the mimber that were slaughter- 
 ed and drowned, in attempting to follow us across the river, and 
 thirteen thousand killed and captured by Jacksou on the 14th and 
 15th instants, you can see whether our Maryland campaign 
 was a failure or not. The sum total of their loss in men, is 
 twenty-nine thousand seven hundred and ninety -six ; and in prop- 
 erty we captured seventy-three pieces of artillery, fou^een thou- 
 sand muskets, great quantities of ammunition of every kind, and 
 finest quality, with quartermaster's and medicine stores to the 
 amount of thousands of dollars, and two hundred wagons, with 
 fine teams, all in harness made by Yankee labor, with which to 
 haul the other property away. And so ends the brilliant campaign 
 of twelve days across the Potomac. 
 
 It is due to the memory of those who fell, either killed or wound- 
 ed, that their names be written and preserved for the pen of the 
 historian, who will write them with other fallen sons of the South, 
 and that Texas may see that her brave n^n were at their post 
 when her honor and her liberty called for a sacrifice of blood. Wc 
 .have given them a place. (See appendix.) 
 
 HOSPITAL ARRANdKMENTS. 
 
 Having been left at Richmond to build and furnish a Hospital 
 Ward for the sick and wounded of our regiment, it was not my 
 pleasure to participate in the trials and marche* of this brilliant 
 
94 » 
 
 Campaign. It was expected that the wounded especially would bo 
 sent to me tbere ; but ascertaining that orders had Been issued af* 
 ter the battle of Manassas Plains, by the Surgeon General, that the 
 wounded should be stopped at Warrenton, Gordonsvdle and Char- 
 lottesville, we immediately set*out for those places; but on visit- 
 ing the two last named places, and finding but few, and they well 
 cared for, we continued on to Warrenton, where we found quite a 
 number of each of the Texas Regiments. They had been quarter- 
 ed by Dr. Fennell, immediately alter the battle, and were as plea- 
 santly situated as circumstances would permit. For the number of 
 wounded was so great, that their wants extended beyond the ca- 
 pacity of the town. After being with them five days, and doing 
 for them as much as we could, the Doctor and myself left to take 
 
 A STROLL OVER, THE RENOWNED FIELD 
 
 on which we had won two great victories, and had so many of our 
 men killed and wounded. A trajn of ambulances was going down 
 to gather up a few of the wounded, who had been 1-eft at private 
 houses, and 60 we had the pleasure of a ride to the field. When 
 we reached the place where the line of battle had been formed, we 
 left the ambulance and begun our walk, following the l ; ne over 
 wh ch our Brigade had fought or^both days of the battle. There 
 were a thousand objects of interest yet to be seen. We could 
 easily see where the two armies had met, and track them by the 
 marks of shot upon the trees, and the graves upon the ground.— 
 There were yet many bodies of the fallen enemy unburied, and the 
 hands and feet and heads of others were exposed. The air was 
 foul upon the field, and' for a great distance around. You could, 
 mark the spots where the batteries had stood, by dead horses and 
 the graves of men. From tie discharge of the guns the grass had 
 been fired and burnefl over tire ground. On that portion where 
 our gallant boys had met the Zouaves, the dead lay thick, and es- 
 pecially on that portion where the 5th Texas fought. And passing 
 on to an eminence in the field, my attention was arrested by two 
 boards standing at the head of one grave. And on approaching it, 
 I read on one Niles Fossett, and-on the other James Thomas. Brave 
 boys — they belonged to the same company, were from the same 
 town, had marchad hundreds of -miles, and fought through several 
 
95 
 
 battles together, fallen side by side before the same gun, died upon 
 the same spot, and now sleep in the same grave. We passed on 
 and around, and at last came back to the Peach Grove Farm, where 
 Jackson had left the enemy in swaths upon the ground. But the 
 declining sun admonished us to be going, or else we could not reach 
 the house of Mrs. Hunton — that good w^mian under whose care 
 Major Townsend and Captain Hunter were being healed. On the 
 next day we returned to Warrenton, and there learned that a part 
 (four) of the ambulances that had gone, down with us had been 
 captured. And we also learned, that while we were leisurely 
 walking over the field, and interesting ourselves with all tlfe brok- 
 en reiics of that blood-stained ground, that the "sinners" were 
 on both sides, and, at one time, within a few hundred yards. of us. 
 It was too late then to become frightened ; but I must confess that 
 it#lid even at that time make me feel a little wild, and, especially 
 bo, when I remembered that I had no arms of defence, that was 
 much better than a goose-quill tooth-pick. 
 
 Soon after reaching the village, I heard that General Longstreet 
 had had another engagement ; and I felt certain that if he had, our 
 Brigade had borne their part, and so I immediately determined to 
 50 on in that direction, and look after. the condition of the wound- 
 ed. During the evening I made every -effort, to procure convey- 
 ance, but was unsuccessful. The next morning a man promised to 
 take me on ; and aboujt 10, A. M., I left for Winchester. But we 
 had gone but a short distance, w lien* the Yankee news from ahead 
 became so thick and- strong, that he, after telling me how much he 
 thought of me, told me he would go my way no farther, and set 
 me afoot. That evening I made eighteen miles, ani the next day, 
 Sunday as'it was, I made twenty five miles, which brought me to 
 Winchester a little before sunsef. I had narrowly escaped the 
 enemy's stealing party a second time. For by the time 1 reached 
 the town, they had possession of Paris in my rear,— a little village 
 at the gap in the Blue Ridge, which I had passed in the day. Th«-y 
 made- a dash at our cavalry that were stationed there, and fright- 
 ened them off, and captured their baggage. But it would have 
 made but little difference if they had captured the men too, for 
 they were no account, or they would not have been surprised in 
 this manner. 
 
m 
 
 "W hen I got within half a mile of "Winchester, I met about fifteen 
 of our nun returning, wounded, from Maryland. This was the 
 i\r>t direct word received of their light,' and I believe both parties 
 glad to see each other. I directed them to camp, some where 
 near, as they were looking for a place where they could have their 
 wounds dressed, get something to eat, and have a place to lie 
 down. Stopping at a private house until morning, I wCnt to the 
 surgeon of the post, and he had the door of the basement of the 
 M. E. Church, South, opened for me. Going to work. I had it ar- 
 ranged as soon as possible, and here received our men of all the 
 Texas Regiments as they came. It was not long before the news 
 
 reached the other hospitals and sick camps in the neighborhood 
 
 And at the end of the Gth day, we had a hundred and ninety-four 
 of our Brigade. True, about twenty of tins number were not of 
 the Texas Regiments, but they were of the 18th Georgia, w4io 
 werr in our Brigade, and having been so pleasant in the camp, and 
 behaved so gallantly in the fight, and, in fact, sometimes calling 
 themselves the 3d Texas, they felt like our own boys, and we took 
 them iiu And if there had been room, I should. have taken the 
 Wt '.unled of the Hampton Region, another gallant regiment from 
 Palmetto State, who are also in our Brigade. For they havo 
 ever behaved like true sons of the South, when fighting was to be 
 clone. Brave as Spartans and true as steel, they are winning honors 
 for South Carolina. • 
 
 I need not say how glad the men were, with the prospect of at- 
 tention. . It was with great difficulty that we were able to procure 
 the necessary appliances. For there were so many coming in to be 
 accommodated. 
 
 VISIT TO THE CAMP. 
 
 On the 2Gth inst., learning that the army had moved back to 
 within six mile^ of the town, I went out and had the pleasure of 
 seeing those of my old regiihent, that were left, after marching 
 several hundred miles, and passing through the fire of six days, in 
 battle. The men looked worn and tired. Their clothes were 
 ragged, and many of their feet were bare ; and in their coats, pants 
 and hats could be seen many marks of the«bullet. They had many 
 times performed long marches, and fought hard battles, without ra- 
 
E.D. FRANCIS 
 
 > l 
 
tiorrs. The weather was warm and dry, and the dust had settled 
 thick over their clothes. But they were cheerful and lively/and 
 as resolved to fight to the bitter end as when wading the swamps 
 of Louisiana, to get to Virginia. After such an arduous campaign, 
 I expected to see them worn down and somewhat discouraged j but 
 in this I was agreeably disappointed. They had marched long and 
 fought hard — they had buried many comrades on different fields; 
 but that same unconquerable spirit, gleaming through every fea- 
 ture of the face, and speaking in every act they performed, stood 
 forth as defiant as when the first blast of the bugle was heard. — 
 They had believed that " a people could never be conquered who 
 were determined to be free," and the^y believe so yet. 
 
 REVIEW. 
 
 October 7th and 8th, I was again in the camp, and Gen'Is Long- 
 street and Hood were reviewing the trjops. t)n the 8th, as I sat 
 looking on, while one regiment after another passed in review, 
 (eighteen in aJl,) I saw one flag, in which were many holes, made 
 by the bullets of the enemy. I watched it until it .had gone some 
 distance past. For it was a matter of great interest to me, to see 
 an, object upon which the history of the recent battles was so 
 plainly and truthfully written. From the. manly step of the Ensign, 
 one could easily see that he was proud of his colors. It was a 
 "Lone Star" flag, and belonged to the 5th, and, after the parade, 
 I learned that it had been pierced forty-seven times, and seven en- 
 signs had fallen under it. By the time I turned from looking after 
 it, another was passing me. I knew it. It was an old acquaint- 
 ance. Many times had I seen it on dress-parade, but never with 
 such mingled feelings of pride and sorrow. It called to mind all 
 the hardships and sufferings, fire and blood through which we had 
 passed. It was made and presented by Miss Loo la Wig fall to Col. 
 Hood, for the 4th, with the motto 
 
 " Fear not, for I am with thee. Say to the North give up, and to tho tfonth, 
 
 keep not back," 
 
 which was graven on the spear-head. Nine Ensigns had fallen un- 
 der it on the field. It had gone through eight battles, which in all 
 had occupied eleven days, and brought off the battle Bears of«ixtj- 
 five balls and shot, besides the marks of three shells. It was the 
 
9* 
 
 oi.i v flag to bo seen, that bad gone through so many battles, an&' 
 bad BO many murks of honor. It was understood that this was tho 
 la-t time it would appear upon parade. For it is an object of too 
 much pride to the Regiment, and honor to the State of Texas, to 
 be kept in the camp. On to-morrow, it is to be committed to tho 
 •car« of Captain Darden, to be sent home to report our conduct in 
 the hour of our country's struggles, and be deposited among the ar- 
 chives of the State. And knowing that hundreds would desire to- 
 gve it, I had a drawing made, and here present it to our friends and 
 relatives at home, that they may see the battle-ilag, around which 
 the 4th rallied in so many struggles for our country's liberty — and 
 beneath which so many of our brave men have fallen. It is with 
 great pride that we can send it home without a single stain ; and 
 to it the men of the 4th can point for the record of their deeds as 
 long as Texas exists an independent and sovereign State. Beneath 
 the flag I have written the name of our first Ensign, who carried 
 it through the fire of Eltham's Landing, Seven Pines, Games' 
 Farm, Freeman's Ford, and fell wounded on the second day on the 
 Plains of Manassas, but is fast recovering, and will soon take his- 
 piftce again under the new flag. 
 
 And that the reader may the better understand our appreciation 
 of it, we here spread before him the letter of Lieut. Colonel B.V. 
 Carter, which accompanied the flag when it was sent home to the 
 Governor of Texas. 
 
 Headquarters 4th Texas Regiment, > 
 Near Winchester, Ya., Oct. 7th, 1802. y 
 
 To his Excellency, F. R. Tubbock, 
 
 Governor of Texas. 
 
 Sir : I have the honor to present to you, by the hand of Captain 
 S. H. Darden, the battle-flag of the 4th Texas Regiment, borne by 
 them in the battles of Eltham's Landing, Seven Tines, Gaines' 
 Farm, Malvern Jlill, Freeman's Ford, Manassas Plains, Boonsboro 
 Gap and Sharpsburg. From its torn and tattered condition, it can 
 no longer bo used; and it is returned to you, that it may be pre- 
 served among the archives of the State, as a testimonial of the gal- 
 lantry of her sons, who have fought beneath its folds. I need not 
 dwell upon the services of my Regiment. Its deeds in battle will- 
 
99 
 
 go into the history of our country, and speak for themselves. And 
 this silent witness bears eloquent evidence, that the men who fol- 
 lowed it in action, were where shot fell thick, and death was iu 
 the air. 
 
 You will readily believe, Governor, that we part from the old 
 Hag with painful feelings. More than five hundred of our comrades 
 in arms have fallen beneath its folds. And it is to us an emblem 
 of constancy under multiplied harships, gallant and dauntless cour- 
 age in the .storm of battle, and devotion unto death to our cause. 
 Let it be preserved sacredty, that the remnant of our little band 
 may, in future days, gaze upon its battle-stained colors, recall to 
 mind the sufferings they have endured in their country's cause, and 
 their children incited to renewed vigilance, in the preservation of 
 those liberties for which we are contending. 
 
 Our General has presented us with another " battle-flag," and 
 we .hope to be able to acquit ourselves as a well with that, as we have 
 done with the old one. 
 
 Respectfully your serv't, 
 
 B. F. CARTER, 
 Lieut. Gol. Commanding. 
 
 Our regiment numbered about one thousand men when we firs* 
 entered the service, and last spring we were recruited by about 
 five hundred more; and we now number one hundred and seventy- 
 fix for %ity — who were on parade this evening. But it will not 
 be understood, that the balance have all been killed, or have died ; 
 Irut many of them are scattered over Richmond, in the hospitals, 
 and along the road, to this place. 
 
 The First, carried its old flag through every battle, until at 
 Sharpsburg, when the Ensign was shot down, unobserved in the 
 corn field, as the regiment was changing its position to prevent 
 being flanked, and it fell into the hands of the enemy, who, we 
 learn from some of our men that were made prisoners, rejoiced 
 over it exceedingly — mounting it upon a music wagon, and running 
 up the Stars and Stripes over it, drove it through the camp, to 
 the tune of " Yankee Doodle," and then to McClelland headquar- 
 ters, when they delivered themselves of several " Spread Engle" 
 speeches on the subject of capturing a Texas flag. Well, let them 
 
100 
 
 make the most of it, for it is the first Texas flag they have got, 
 and T guess many of them will bite the dust before they get 
 another. 
 
 The regiments are small, but recruiting from the hospitals in the 
 rear every day, and I suppose they are quite as full now, as when 
 they fought at Sharpsburg. 
 
 The loss sustained by this Division, (of two Brigades,) since 
 leaving. Richmond, October 11th, is two hundred and fifty-three 
 killed on the field, sixteen hundred and twenty-one wounded, and 
 one hundred missing— r ma1ring in all, one thousand nine hundred and 
 soventy-four. 
 
 In closing this part of the campaign, I present you with the 
 General's address. 
 
 Headquarters — Division, > 
 
 Near Winchester, Sept. 28th, 18G2. $ 
 
 ■! 
 
 General Orders 
 
 No. 
 
 The Brigadier-General, Commanding, takes much pleasure in 
 tendering his thanks and congratulations to the officers and men 
 under his command, for their arduous services and gallant conduct 
 during the recent campaign. After having distinguished your- 
 selves at the battle of Oaines' Farm, June 27th; your long and 
 continried and tiresome march since leaving Richmond — daslr'ng 
 courage at the battle of Manassas Plains, August 30th, your truly 
 veteran conduct at the battle of Sharpsburg, Md., September 17th, 
 has won for you the merited praise and gratitude of' £he army 
 and our country. 
 
 In less than three months, you have marched several hundred 
 miles under trying circumstances, participated in several battles, 
 and made yourselves the acknowledged heroes of three of the 
 hardest fought battles that have occurred in the presenf war. 
 
 In none of these, have you elicited so mu^h praise from our 
 Commanding Generals, or so justly entitled yourselves to the proud 
 distinction, of being the best soldiers in the army, as at. the battle 
 of Sharpsburg. Called upon to retake ground, lost to our arms, 
 you not only did so, but promptly drove the enemy twenty-times 
 your number, from his guns, and, if supported, would have led on 
 to one of the most signal victories known to tho history of any 
 
101 
 
 people. Your failure to do so, was attributable to others. And if, 
 was here, by your conduct in rallying and presenting front to the 
 advancing columns of the enemy, that you earned higher praise 
 than in any of the brilliant charges you have made. Nc achievement 
 so marks the true soldier, as coolness under such circumstances as 
 surrounded you on that memorable day. And it is with peculiar 
 pride, the Brigadier-General Commanding, acknowledges, that, 
 such of his command as had not fallen in that terrible clash of 
 arms, were in ranks again, ready and willing to meet the foe. 
 By order of J. B. HOOD, 
 
 Brigadier-General, Commanding. 
 McCLELLAN ATTEMPTS ANOTHER " ON TO 
 RICHMOND." 
 
 McClellan, after the battle of Sharpsburg, was ordered to folkw 
 our army across the Potomac. He made an attempt, but the 
 shock he received at the river, was so great, that he turned aside 
 from the direct road, to look out an easier way than following in 
 our rear. He, however, kept, up appearances, as if he intended to 
 drive us in full chase through Winchester, or capture Lee and his 
 " rebels " before they could get out of the Valley. After making all 
 his arrangements, and taking possession of all the Gaps in the 
 mountains, to prevent our troops from interrupting his newly con- 
 ceived plans, he made a dash for Gordonsville, but on arriving at 
 "Warrenton, to his astonishment, the " rebels" were all at Culpep- 
 per Court House, ready to receive him. Lee's e3'C was upon him. 
 We had left Winchester on Wednesday morning, October 29th, 
 and camped that night near Front Royal. The next morning wo 
 waded one. branch of the Shenandoah, and passed through the 
 Village at an early hour. After a hard days march, we camped on 
 the mountain, near Gaines' Cross Roads. Friday morning the 
 wagons and artillery separated from the troops, and took the road 
 by New AVashington Turnpike — the troops marching by the nearer 
 dirt road, and both parties camped that night near Culpepper 
 Court House. On the next morning, we passed through the Town, 
 and camped one mile below. We had good roads for the march, 
 but the weather was very cold. 
 
 Colonel Robertson,' of the 5th Texas, after the promotion of 
 General Hood, received the appointment of Brigadier-General. — 
 
102 
 
 He gave P. !-• Price, Adjutant of the 4th Texas, the appointment 
 of As-i-tant Adjutant- General. Captain Littlefield, of the 5tb, 
 was appointed Quartermaster. Dr. Scott, of the 1st, Aid-de-camp. 
 
 On the 3d of November, the camp was moved to the battle field 
 of Cedar Run, six miles from the Town. Here we had but little 
 to do, but to watch the enemy, and guess what w^ould be his next 
 btrat' 
 
 On the 18th, the Hampton Legion was detached from our Bri- 
 gade, Lieutenant-Colonel Garey, being promoted to the Colonelcy. 
 This is a noble regiment, and we regret the removal. 
 
 McCLELLAN'S REMOVAL.' 
 
 "When Lincoln and his friends learned that Lee had headed 
 McClcllan off from the great Mecca of their hopes, whither in their 
 pilgrimage, they had been journeying as earnestly and as circui- 
 tousJy as Moses for the Promised Land — for so many long days and 
 wearisome nights — while their clothes were waxing old, and being 
 burnt, and much of their meat and bread was being captured by 
 Jackson in the wilderness; and thousands of their carcasses were 
 falling on the way — whose bones could not be carried along in their 
 journey ings to the land they were going to possess, they deter- 
 mined to be revenged on some body, and as they could not manage 
 Lee, they determined -to decapitate McClellan. 
 
 And so it was when the.great Napoleon, (who never has won a 
 battle yet,) was doing his best — feeling the strength of our army, 
 and contemplating a " change of base," and in company and con- 
 versation with General Burnside at the lone hour of midnight on 
 the 7 th of Nov., an unwelcome courier arrived from "Washington, and 
 informed him that he should be captain no longer, and that he 
 should not lead this great arm} T over to the promised possession. — 
 For he had acted " unadvisedly" with the men in his march — not 
 that he had led them by the wrong way, but that he had let the 
 captain of the hosts on the other side, get possession of the fords, 
 so that he could not " make the crossing." At these sad tidings, 
 Mac was sorely troubled, and wept much — and Burnside wept — 
 anil there was great lamentation and weeping throughout the 
 camp. And Lincoln killed him, and he gave up the .ghost, and 
 went to Jersey, and his grave has not been seen until this day, for 
 nobody has buried him. 
 
103 
 BATTLE OF FREDERICKSBURG. 
 
 As soon as Burnside was placed in supreme command, he began 
 to devise a strategy by which he could capture the Confederate 
 City. After making all his arrangements, he opened a treWndous 
 fire upon our lines, with the hope of getting away from his position, 
 by hiding behind the smoke of his artillery. He made a bold and 
 rapid move for Hanover Junction. And, on arriving at Frede- 
 ricksburg, he hastily demanded the surrender of tho City. But 
 imagine his surprise when General Lee, who he thought still at 
 Culpepper, answered lis demand — " I do not wish to occupy the 
 Town myself, and you shall not" to which Burnside agreed, for it 
 was*a "military necessit)\" 
 
 We had lefc our camp on the 19th, arid crossed the Rarndan on 
 the Railroad bridge late in the evening; on the next day, we 
 raarrhed sixteen miles; and on the 2lst, camped near Kpottsylva- 
 nia Court. House. On Saturday mgrning, we moved up to the 
 Fredericksburg Railroad, and camped within four miles of the old 
 City. The rain fell almost incessantly, and the roads were very 
 muddy over the entire march. 
 
 As it was evident that the enemy intended attempting a cross- 
 ing as soon as he could make the necessary preparations, General 
 Lee and his officers examined the ground, and made ready for his 
 reception. On the night of the 10th of December, they began to 
 throw their Pontoons across the river, at the City — and to de- 
 fend them, they opened fire with artillery, at daylight on Thurs- 
 day morning, which they kept up aJl day, at the rate of sixty shot 
 per minute. Thus protected, they finally succeeded, with two 
 Brigades, after many attempts and much loss. About a mile and a 
 half below, another bridge was thrown over, and by noon on the 
 11th, was complete.!. The position was such, that we. could offer 
 but little resistance. • On the 12th, under cover of tho darkness, 
 and a dense fog, a large force passed the river, and took position on 
 the south-side, under 'protection of their guns on the other shore. 
 But notwithstanding the terrible fire of a hundred guns, which 
 raked c^- rv street and lane of the city. Barksdale's Mississippi 
 Brigade held the Town. They had resisted the bridge-builders 
 irith and now i ept them at bay in the streets. From the 
 
104 . 
 
 encmyN guns, the bouses were -shattered and set on fire in many 
 places. This incessant fire of artillery was kept, up upon the 
 doomed City, from dawn till dark. When night closed down u pon- 
 tile scene, and hushed the roar of cannon, the burning houses of. 
 helpless ^women and children, who were driven out to wandei 
 through the dark, and over the frozen ground, without shelter or 
 fires; destitute of food, and some of them of clotlies^-lit the 
 landscape, and still revealed the barbarity of the cruel and heart- 
 less invader. Harmless old men, women and children, were slaught- 
 ered in the streets, and even in their own houses. But Heaven is 
 preparing a righteous letribution for them in the very streets 
 which they have so wickedly baptized with innocent blood. And; 
 we are persuaded that the slaughter with which they are soon to 
 be visited in Fredericksburg, is but the introduction to the mise- 
 m i with which their foul souls will soon be familiar. 
 
 Our gallant men had fallen back to the edge of the town; and 
 those noble Mississippians were relieved by Gen. Cobb's Brigade,, 
 supported by Cook's command. Their position was behind a stone 
 Wall, and in ditches, while the enemy occupied the houses, in the- 
 outskirts of the town. 
 
 Of the ISth Georgia, wa have good news on this occasion — for. 
 after they had^ maintained tbeir position a long time, relief was 
 sent up, that they might have a little rest ; but their reply was — 
 " This is as good a place as we want," and refused to go, but con- 
 tinued at their work, as if they intended to finish the u jsb.'' be- 
 fore they quit. 
 
 Here it-was that General Cobb was killed, and General Cook 
 was wounded. 
 
 Saturday morning, Dec. l£th. — On tho right wing, while it was- 
 yet dark from the heavy fog, the enemy commenced feeling Jack- 
 son's position, and advancing in heavy force. About 9 o'clock, A». 
 M., the fog was lifted, and their position and numbers were in view. 
 In a few minutes the battle was joined. The strength of the ar- 
 tillery on both s'ulc-s was now displayed. More than two hundred: 
 guns wera belching forth their sulphuric names, filling the fields and 
 the heavens with hideous sights and unearthly sounds. The posi- 
 tions of our guns were well selected, commanding all the regions 
 below, and sweeping the enemy clown by hundreds as they moved; 
 on to the attack, cr changed positions in the fight. Toward evea* 
 
105 
 4 
 ing the infantry, sixty thousand strong, moved up to drive our meiv 
 
 from their position. Then ensured a struggle of terror, full o£ 
 grandeur. The long-drawn roar of musketry, with fitful gleams of 
 fire, uniting with the bellowing surges of artillery, stunned the ear 
 and made the earth vibrate beneath the feet. Every speeies of 
 projectile known to modern warfare was hurled back and forth, 
 from guns of every pattern and calibre. At the onset they forced 
 A. P. Hill back upon the second line, but by its aid, under com- 
 mand of General E^rly, they were ,soon driven back under their 
 guns, and it was uot until after dark that the lighting ceased. They 
 had been repulsed at every point, and were gradually falling back. 
 Before the day-light had gone, we could discover their confusion. 
 But we had no idea as to the extent. of the demoralization and 
 slaughter they had suffered. Over the ground where A. P. Hill 
 met them, hundreds were left, dead and dying. Hundreds more- 
 were slaughtered on the left wing, while the artillery had slain 
 them all over the field. But we. did not suppose they would so 
 easily abandon the high-way to the " Rebel Capital." We had not 
 brought one-fourth of our men into the fight. Many on each wing 
 had not fired a gun, while the centre, except Hood's right wing, 
 had all the white been but playing the spectator, to the scenes be- 
 low. General Stuart did valuable service throughout the whole- 
 fight. 
 
 On Sunday -morning, Gen'l Lee expected them to renew the at^ 
 tack in full force, and with great violence. But instead of an 
 attack, a flag of truce was sent in, for permission to bury the (had 
 and care for the^ wounded. The petition was granted ; and after 
 occupying the day in carrying the wounded to the other side of" 
 the river, there were still hundreds not removed. 
 
 On Monday, the great Yankee army en route for Richmond, waa 
 drawn out and marshaled over the lands below. As many as sixty 
 thousand were in full view from one point. . They displayed all 
 their .-tars and stripes with all the pomp and circumstance of Van- 
 lorj ; but instead of renewing the fight, as was expected, they 
 waited until dark, and then begun ''a change of base." At day- 
 light next morning " Bumside n&a est ? ' was the general rumor.— 
 and his army had adopted the old maxim — 
 
 " lie who figliU and runs jiway, 
 May live to Cj;bt another day." 
 
itt 
 
 Tun result.'- ^ur loss is' about three thousand, in -killed and 
 mounded and missing. General Gregg was mortally wounded. — 
 The Yankees lost about eighteen thousand, killed and wounded, 
 and one thousand six hundred and twenty-six prisoners. Several 
 general officers fell. Burnside, among other reasons assigned lor 
 this defeat, while before the Court of Inquiry, states that Lincoln 
 had told him that "he di 1 not want the Army of the Potomac 
 oyed." This being the case, we agree with him and his officers 
 in council of war, that the only way to prevent its total destruc- 
 tion, was to move them out of harm's way as soon as possible, and 
 place them on the'other si le of the river, and then cut the bridges; 
 which he informs the court he "did with success." 
 
 What a terrible retribution for their slaughtering those innocent 
 ones in the city, and destroying the furniture, clothing, &c, in all 
 the houses, and then setting lire to the buildings to consume what 
 the}- had left. Their dead were left in every street, and scores 
 were found in the shattered hou - * 
 
 This is the fourth defeat, of the grand army of the Union, in its 
 "on to Richmond." And this last repulse, must prove, if possible, 
 more disasl rous than the preceeding. For the defeat of their whole 
 army, which must have numbered one hundred and forty thousand 
 strong, which Burnside in his telegram to Washington says, had 
 sed tiit- river, by about fifteen thousand of our own, will have 
 4 powerful effect on the minds of their soldiers, as well as the pub- 
 lic mind of the Northern psople. And as to the influence it will 
 have-abroad, I have but little care; for it is npt to the nations that 
 we should look for help, but to Him who made the nations, and 
 "giveth the kingdom to whomsoever he will." 
 
 The " New York World " says, that their ' l array will now go in- 
 to winter quarters, because it can gcyno where else." i>ut if it should 
 attempt to go any where else, we suppose General Lee will be 
 there, waiting for them when they arrive. 
 
 A i\ \v more such defeats will give us peace. For a peace-party 
 is already forming in the North. This is the reaction. The ebb- 
 ing of a title, which has flown beyond all bounds, assisted by every 
 prejudice, and driven and lashed by the storm of envy and fanati- 
 cism. And a peace-party, originated by blood and suffering, cannot 
 be checked! It may be next spring before they will give US another 
 chance; but, whenever they do, it will end this unholy war.. 
 
107 
 
 BY WHAT NAME SHALL WE CALL THEM ? 
 
 Abolitionist, Unionist, Federals or Yankees. . We should speak the 
 S&me language, with as much concert as we should act together in 
 the strife. All of the above names, have by different ones, and by 
 the same ones, at different times, been applied to o*ur enemy. — 
 Words and names are the signs of ideas, and the vehicles of 
 thought. We then should adopt the vehicle which would most 
 certainly convey our meaning. Names are also significant. And 
 while we would represent and convey our thoughts in words, those 
 words should be properly selected, that our whole meaning — noth- 
 ing more nor less — may be understood. Ench of the above names 
 are significant, and have a different meaning, and it is imposible 
 that the}' can, with propriety, be indiscriminately applied. Then 
 to deter mine which is the more, or rather the only applicable one, 
 let us notice the meaning of each. 
 
 Abolitionjst : says Webster, is one who is desirious of abolish- 
 ing any thing, especially slavery. This word thpn will apply, pro- 
 vided 'the abolition of slavery is their only object and aim. But 
 all will say that this is not their sole avowed intention — but to 
 subjugate and despoil — make the South their inferior, and the ■- 
 bearer of their burdens, &c. 
 
 Unionist: one who desires concord agreement in mind, will, 
 affections and interest. This, we readily see, will not apply to 
 them. For there can be no union where there is discord — that 
 they desire the South to remain in union of government with them 
 is evident, but .they seek a union 'which is amoral impossibility* 
 And the name does not convey to the mind, their true character. 
 Federalist: says Webster, is atl appellation in Ameri n to 
 
 the friends of the Constitution of the United States, and to the 
 political party which favored the Administration of President 
 Washington. 
 
 I have but to inquire if they have been the friends of tfie Con- 
 stitution ? or have they not declared thai sacred instrument to bo 
 "a covenant toith death, and a league with lull !" I 
 that line of policy pursued by the great champion <>f liberty — 
 who bo successfully lead the armies of the first rebellion against 
 
108 
 
 oppression arv.l tyranny, to victory, an 1 finally to a peace as broad 
 and as deep as the rivers ? I know when }~ou have learned the 
 meaning of the name, you blush to know that you have ever 
 soiled the native dignity of the name by which your ancestor were 
 known, by applying it to a nation of thieves and murderers. 
 
 The next and last, is the only one that will apply. Yankee: 
 The popular name for the citizens of New England. This is what 
 Webster says it means — and this is what we want — a name for 
 the people of New England. And, as their history is well known 
 to the civilized world, the whole world will understand us. and we 
 will understand ourselves when we.call them Yankees. It is the 
 only name or word in the English, or any other language, living or 
 dead, that can be applied with full scope and force. It extends to 
 all their ten thousand schemes of deception and fraud, and com- 
 prehends their every act of lying and stealing, from the days of 
 Washington till the present hour, in all their political, legislative, 
 executive, commercial, civil, moral, literary, sacred, profane, theo- 
 logical and diabolical history. 
 
 The word, has ever been used in contemptuous ridicule of their 
 conduct towards each other, and their dealings with the rest of 
 the world. And there is no other word in all the range of human 
 learning, which will convey to the mind of eveiy man, both in 
 Europe and America, in Africa and- the Islands of the Sea, so many, 
 and correct traits of character, as the word Yankee, when applied 
 to the Yankee. And thus applied, it means meddlesome, impu- 
 dent, insolent, pompous, boastful, unkind, ungrateful, unjust, 
 knavish, false, deceitful, cowardly, swindling, thieving, robbing, 
 brutal and murderous. 
 
 With this name, we involuntarily associate the story of the 
 Clock Peddler who stole the land- lady's counterpane oil' of her 
 own bed, and then sold it to her — shoe-soles made of birch- bark, 
 wooden hams, patent medicines, chalk milk and wooden nutmegs. 
 It carries us back to days of yore, and enables us to look at the 
 different phases of society, from the time they burnt old women 
 for witches to the days of the inauguration of the " woman's- 
 rights conventions." Exhibiting the style of dress worn-by Puritans 
 in beautiful contrast with the fast age that puts their women in 
 bteeches. 
 
109 
 
 This Yankee country lias given birth to Socialism, Mormonism, 
 Millcrism, Spiritualism and Abolitionism, with every other Devil- 
 ism which has cursed the nation of Unionism. And, as there ia 
 one word that will express all these and a hundred more isms. I 
 prefer to use that word, and thereby say all that can be said on 
 this subject — the term is Yankeeism. And wo will call them 
 Yankees; General Beauregard and the newspapers to the contrary, 
 notwithstanding. 
 
 BIOGRAPHIC SKETCHES OF GEN'L HOOD AND STAFF. 
 
 As- these sketches will be of interest to our friends at home, T 
 take pleasure in transcribing them from my journal for publication. 
 
 Brigadier General John B. Hood was born in Owensville, Bath 
 county, Ky., June 29th, 1831, and was brought up at Alt. Sterling, 
 Montgomery county. He entered upon his collegiate course at 
 West Point, in 1849, and graduated in 18.53. He was then assign- 
 ed to duty in the 4th Infantry in California, where he served twen- 
 ty-two months. And when the two new regiments, raised by 
 Jefferson Davis", then Secretary of War, were called out, he was 
 transferred July, '55, to the one (2d cavalry) in whicli Gen. Albert 
 Sidney Johnston, who fell at Shiloh, was in command, and Gen'l 
 R. E. Lee, the Lieut. Colonel. This regiment furnished many val- 
 uable officers to the South. Gen'ls Earl Van D<jrn, E. K. Smith, 
 Fields, Evans and Hardee, were from its ranks. 
 
 In the winter of 1855— 'G, Gen. Hood entered upon the frontier 
 net vice of Western Texas, where, in July-Following, he had a spir- 
 ited engagement, and was wounded by the Indians on Devil's 
 river. 
 
 A short time before the beginning of the present war, he was 
 ordered to report for duty at West Point as Instructor of Cavalry. 
 But anticipating the present difficulties, he was allowed at his own 
 request, to return to duty in Texas — his object being, in view of 
 all the prospects of impending dissolution, to be in that portion of 
 the country which he most loved, and so greatly admired. He 
 could see no hope of reconciliation or adjustment, but every indi- 
 cation of a fierce and blood war; consequently, he had determined 
 to cast his destiny with the South. On the 10th of April, 1861, 
 he resigned his commission under the United States Government, 
 
110 
 
 and tendered his services to the Confederacy. His name was en- 
 tered upon the roll with the rank of First Lieutenant, and ordered 
 to report to General Leo, in Virginia, who ordered him to report 
 to General Magruder, on the Peninsula. lie was at once placed in 
 command of all the cavalry of the Peninsula, with the rank of 
 Captain of Regular Cavalry. Having several successful engage- 
 ments with the enemy, he was soon promoted to the rank of Major. 
 On Sept. oOth, he was ordered to Richmond, and receiving the rank 
 of Colonel of Infantry, was placed in command of the 4th Regiment 
 Texas Volunteers, then in camp near the city. Very few of the 
 men ljad ever seen him, and doubts were entertained whether a 
 Colonel could be appointed, that would give satisfaction. For an 
 attempt had been made to orgmize the regiment under Colonel 
 'Allen, of Texas; but in consequence of a protest of some of the 
 Captains, the appointment was withdrawn. This produced a feel- 
 ing with others, and it was thought that they would not be satis- 
 fied with any one that might be appointed. Rut in a few days 
 this feeling was gone, and every one seemed to be perfectly satis- 
 fied. His commanding appearance, manly deportment, quick per- 
 ception, courteous manners and decision of 'character, readily im- 
 pressed the officers and men, that he was the man to govern them 
 in the camp, and command them on the field. And his thorough 
 acquaintance with every department of the service, satisfied every 
 one of his competency for the position. For they found him able 
 and ready to give all the necessary instruction, nokonly in drilling 
 t>hem for the field, but also in the forms and technicalities of the 
 clothing, commissary, ordinance and transportation departments — 
 for the want of which information, regiments entering the service 
 frequently go hungry, and commissaries and quartermasters make 
 many fruitless trips. 
 
 The General is about six feet two inches high, with full broad 
 chest, light hair and beard, blue eyes, and U gifted by nature with 
 a voice that can be heard in the storm of battle. 
 
 On the 8th and 0th of November, the 4th and 5th Texas Regi- 
 ments left Richmond, and arrived at Dumfries on the 12th instant, 
 where we were with the 1st to be organized into a Brigade, under 
 Colonel Wigfall, who, to this end, had received the appointment of 
 Brigadier General. But, as ho was the Senator elect from the 
 
Ill 
 
 State of Texas, after the meeting of Congress, he resigned. And" 
 on the 3d of March, 18G2, Colonel Hood was appointed to take his 
 place. Thus we see, within the short space of ten months and 
 seventeen days, he- was promoted from the rank of Lieutenant to 
 that of a Brigadier General. And having been personally asso- 
 ciated with him during his tevm of service with the Texas troops, 
 I take pleasure in saying that his rapid promotion, has not filled 
 him with that official vanity and self-importance which so often 
 kills the pleasure, and cuts the acquaintance of former friends.— 
 J?or while with him* there is no effort to make you feel the dignity 
 of his official position ; but 3-011 enjoy the pleasure of a social com-* 
 panion, familiar and kind. But as a companion, his frierMis^ip can- 
 not be Cultivated to an extent that will allow a pretext to the neg- 
 lect of duty, by either officers or men. lie is a disciplinarian ; and' 
 the discharge of duty is the way to his society arid friendship. — 
 And, notwithstanding his rigid adherance to discipline, I«m per- 
 suaded that he is as much admired and esteemed by the men un- 
 der his command, as any General in the arnry. And 'o this o'ne 
 thing, I would in a great measure, attribute his promotion in rank, 
 and our success in battle. Its importance is admitted by all. For 
 it is this that makes the arm}'- of well drilled soldiers so much more 
 efficient than the raw militia. Our success depends upon it ; and 
 the sooner our people, our army and our Congress are willing to 
 see it properly enforced, the sooner shall we see our enem}' - beaten, 
 our liberty won, and our country free. 
 
 An tfrmy half disciplined, cannot be efficient. For while they 
 are in camp, they are scattered all over the countr)\ "While on t he- 
 march, they are strung .. from one end of the road to the other 
 
 And the result is, when we have to go into the fight, which is to 
 decide the fate of an empire, one-half of the army is not there, and 
 a few must meet the foe, and do the work of all. And when the 
 fight is over, the straggler comes hi for a portion of the honor, and 
 will claim an equal share of the blcssmg of liberty, which has been 
 won by the toil and blood of others. 
 
 But absence from the laboos of the camp and from the dan 
 of battle, are not all the evils growing out of this loose method of 
 soldiering. If } r ou will but go round through this city, ("Winches- 
 ter, Va..) and adjacent country, or any where else, that our army 
 
112 
 
 iher camped or moved, you will find abundant argument lor 
 a more thorough adherence to army regulations than we have yet 
 had. Men straggling every where, and doing almost every thing — 
 begging, tak'ng, destroying, stealing and robbing almost every one 
 they pass, of Dearly every -thing they have, until our country 
 ■gioaus to be d< from its friends. And what difference whether 
 
 a man is robbed of his bread by a friend or a foe? Will he not 
 perish, and his children starve, whether it is taken by the one or 
 the other? Does any one doubt whether or not such things aro 
 done by our own men ? I ask you to go to%the people and ask^ 
 them. We know it is so. For we have seen it with our own eyes 
 more than a hundred times. And now, in all candor, we ask, are 
 these things so to continue ? Are -we to leave desolate in our rear, 
 and gaunt hunger to feed upon the lives of helpless women and in- 
 nocent children ? If so, would a home under Austrian oppression 
 not be nreferable ? . ' • 
 
 But how are all these evils to be remedied ? How are the men 
 to be prevented straggling from the camp and along the march 7 — 
 From robbing the country as- they move, and brought up to tho 
 'light, so that all will fare alike in the burdens of the campaign and 
 in the battles for our country ? The answer is simple, and in a sin- 
 gle word — DISCIPLINE. 
 
 All that is now necessary to make the name of Hood immortal, 
 and iill the earth with the fame of the soMiers of Texajr, is to 
 brng forward a sufficient number of men to fill up the gallant regi- 
 ments— >now the honor of the Army of the Potomac — under his com- 
 mand, aiid add to their number some eight or ten new regiment! 
 of those now in Mississippi and Arkansas, and give him the rank of 
 Major General. All of which we hope will shortly be done. Then 
 our movements will not depend upon the inefficient and tardy 
 movements of other officers and troops. Bat, thus constituting an 
 independent Army Division of Texans, we will not have to watch 
 and wait and fall back from ground hardly won, fo keep from being 
 flanked by the enemy from other portions of the field, after we 
 have beaten and driven -our foe in the fight. No one can look back 
 over the history of past engagements without being struck with 
 the brilliant dash and successful charges made by our men ; and 
 seeing how rapidly they press to the front, none will fail to admit 
 
113 
 
 the importance of their being supported by men of their own metal, 
 and under the same commander, so that they can support them- 
 selves in the contest, and hold the ground they have conquered. — 
 The records of Humes' Farm, Plains of Manassas, and Sharpsburg, 
 give sufficient comment upon its importance. For on each one of 
 these fields they had to halt, and sometimes fall back from ground 
 which had cost the lives of many of our men to conquer, to prevent 
 ^»ng flanked by troops that should have been engaged, and driven 
 from the field by other portions of our army ; and, instead of our 
 falling back, the whole of the enemy's line would have been hurled 
 back in one grand rout, and driven in confusion before our con- 
 quering march. Other troops are brave enough, but they fight too 
 slow. We want more of our own men. Men who, when the fight 
 begins, will not stand and " listen the battle shout from far," 
 but will rush forward at the word, and carry the field by storm. 
 These are the men, and this the modus operandi for success. For 
 when the enemy's lines are once driven from their advanced posi- 
 tion, they should not be allowed to " face about ," and form on new 
 ground ; but pressed and shot in the back, until they have effected 
 a splendid " change of base." 
 
 vSome of our men. both in and out of the army, are trying to 
 make the imprpssion, that our men are used by the Government, as 
 a kind of portable breast-work for Virginia; and that they are re- 
 quired to occupy positions of danger, to screen the other portions 
 of the army. But this is wrong. For we have seen as much of 
 the treatment of the Government and of the officers of the army 
 towards our men, as any body else, and we have been able to dis- 
 cover no such discrimination. But on the contrary, we have had 
 our share of favors in almost every thing. And in many instance!, 
 we have been favored more than others. It may be possible, that 
 the President will not give up our command, to be controlled and 
 disposed of as some desire, but there 'are not many of our men that 
 have complained even on that point. And if any are disposed to 
 think that we have had to march further,* and fight harder than 
 other troops, I ask fhem to get the history picrn. 
 
 and compare it with ours. They have marched further and fought 
 oftener than we have. See also the history of Col. I i le, 
 
 who have been with us in all our fights, and marches, too; and 
 
114 
 
 were in the battle at Manassas, before we left Texas. That wo 
 had to perforin long marches, and do hard lighting, 1 do not 
 deny. This was what we came for, and the men were willing to do 
 it. But that we have had to occupy all the most dangerous places 
 on the battle-field, is incorrect ; and this idea should not be allowed 
 to obtain, for it has no foundation in fact. True, in two or threo 
 Qcea, when the fortunes of the day hung trembling upon the 
 Command of a. single Regiment or Brigade, we have been called to 
 the rescue. And of all the positions on the field, our men would, 
 if left to their own choice, have stood upon the vur\ ground where 
 fought. For they were willing that none should occupy more 
 dangerous ground, do more, nor win greater laurels for their State 
 than themselves. They had come to fight, and were willing to 
 stand where the storm broke in its fury'. And none have n ade a 
 brighter record. 
 
 It is also stated, that *an attempt is being made to remove our 
 Regiments beyond the Mississippi, to rest and recruit — put upon ' 
 the invalid list ! We have no doubt, but that the motive which 
 prompted our friends, is the love which they have for the men of 
 our State. But that it is not from a broad philanthropy, which 
 embraces the whole Confederacy, nor with a proper- view to the 
 final of our arms, will be apparent to all. And especially 
 
 will this appear, when they read the letter of the Commander-in- 
 Chief of the Army to Gen. "VYigfall, and there see the importance 
 and confidence he places in them in view of success. As this let- 
 ter will give pleasure and pride to every Texan, both at home and 
 in other portions of our .army, I here spread it before the reader. 
 It was written four days after the battle at Sharpsburg, where our 
 men covered themselves with glory on the lield. 
 
 Ilr.ADauARTicus Army of Virginia, > 
 Near Mam Sept. 21, 1862. $ 
 
 Gen. Lewis T. Wigfall — 
 
 neral: I have not yet heard from you, with regard to the 
 new Texas Regiments, which you promised to eilileavor to raise for 
 the army. I need them much. 1 rely upon those we have in all ' 
 tight places, and fear I have to call upon them too often. They 
 have fought grandly and nobly, and we must have more of them. 
 
115 
 
 ■ 
 
 Please make every possible exertion to get them in, and send thein 
 on to me. You must help us in this matter. With a few more 
 such Regiments as Hood now has. as an example of daring and 
 bravery, I could feel much more confident of the campaign. 
 Very respectfully, yours, 
 
 R. E. LEE, General. 
 
 I now ask, if, in view of tlio importance which we sustain to the 
 final success of our cause, in which our all — life, liberty, and sacred 
 honor, both for ourselves and our children is embarked, there is a 
 single Texan that will say for us to return, or refuse to send us the 
 men to fill up our thinned ranks? We think not. And we hope 
 our friends will not, by persisting in their opposition in this mat- 
 ter, strike the honors which we have won for the " 1 one Star " 
 flag from our hands. Such efforts do harm. They tend to make 
 the men dissatisfied, and feel 'that they are badly treated — worse 
 than others — which is not so. And what would be the effect pro- 
 duced upon our army, if the request to remove our Regiments 
 home, were granted? Arkansas would soon file her claim, and 
 then Louisiana, and Mississippi, and so on, until the last man would 
 be sent out of Virginia, to his own State. And there is no one so 
 blind that he has failed to see the just indignation which the whole 
 country pours upon the Governor of Georgia, for the factious op- 
 position which he has raised against the Government. And all are 
 proud to see the people and soldiers of that State condemning his 
 course in unmeasured terms. He wants to be noticed. 
 
 We hope that the Legislature of North Carolina will be made to 
 feel the withering contempt that now rests upon Gov. Brown, for 
 the course it has recently taken. 
 
 This course persisted in, and it will not require the foresight of 
 a prophet to tell the future destiny of our Republic, in honor 
 
 to whose arms the lips of the nations of Kurope now glow with 
 anxious praise. And McClellan would no longer be uncrcr the ne- 
 cessity of transforming a grand Idle" into a "strat 
 movement," nor a dreadful defeat into a "change of base." V>at 
 the inm yoke of despotism would be riveted upon our necks, and, 
 the heel of Yankee oppression grind our children in tlx> dust We 
 call upon our countrymen, one and all, to lay aside all I 
 tiomil prejudices and selfishness, and let the whole people, burning: 
 
116 
 
 with the living fire of patriotism, view the grandeur of our cause f 
 and still rally around our country's battle-flag, and help us roll the 
 tide of victory onward, and by the grace of God we will come off 
 conquerers iu the end. Let Texas send us the men, and with Hood 
 to lead them, we feel safe in saying, they will make a bright record 
 in our country's history, while they hasten the end of our toil and 
 suffering. Texas need not fear; for if an attempt is made to invade 
 the State, troops will be sent to her relief. For. the Western Army 
 must in a great measure be subsisted from the Prairies of Texas. 
 
 Since penning the above lines, I am proud to learn that Hood has 
 been made a Major General, and the President has ordered the de- 
 sired number of Texans j and a messenger has gone to bring them 
 forward. We will hail their coming *with pleasure, and promise 
 them for a leader, one of the best officers in the Confederacy, who- 
 has never been incapacitated for a single moment from commanding 
 his men by intemperance ; nor been absent from the post of duty 
 twenty-four hours, from the time he took command of the 4th, 
 (Oct. 1st, 18G1,) up to the present time, (Dec. 25th, 1862.) 
 
 W. II. SELLERS, A. A. G., 
 
 was born in Tennessee, and emigrated to Texas in '35 ; was a mem- 
 .ber of the celebrated Mier Expedition, captured Dec, '42, and held 
 a prisoner in Mexico and Perote twenty-one months. 
 
 In the spring of '4G, he entering the service in the Mexican war r 
 was made 1st Lieutenant in Capt. Tom Green's Company of Col. 
 Hay's Regiment of Rangers, and was present at the battle of Mon- 
 terey, September, '46. 
 
 In 1861, he entered the service of the Confederacy, with the rank 
 of 1st Lieutenant of Co. A, 5th Texas Regiment j and when the 
 Regiment was organized, received the appointment of Adjutant, 
 which office he filled until March, '62, when he was appointed As- 
 sistant Adjjutant General on General Hood's Staff, with the rank 
 of Captain. In this position he has given the most entire satis- 
 faction. And of his coolness and gallantry on the field, he has had 
 no superior, rendering the most efficient service in every battle, 
 especially at Gaines' Farm, Manassas and Sharpsburg, having his 
 horse shot at Manassas, and twice at Sharpsburg. But he has 
 passed unhurt through every fight. 
 
117 
 
 CAPTAIN JAMES HAMILTON, A. D. C. 
 
 Is a native of South Carolina, and in Lis twenty-second year. He 
 entered West Point in 1858, and continued until Lis State seceded, 
 when lie resigned; and returning, tendered Lis services to Lis 
 country, and was placed upon tLe Staff of General Taylor. "With 
 him, he continued, acting gallantly and with credit to Limself 
 tLrough tLe engagements around Richmond — after wliicL, at Lis own 
 request, Lc was transferred to the Staff of General Hood. At Sharps- 
 burg, his horse was shot under him. And although his coolness and 
 gallantry enabled him to go when and wherever sent — not shun- 
 ning to pass through the midst and fury of the battle — eliciting 
 the praise of the Generals upon different occasions; yet he Las 
 passed all unscared and unhurt, with the honor of having been un- 
 der fire on fourteen different occasions — some of them, the blood- 
 iest of the campaign. 
 
 Notwithstanding his youthful appearance and delicate consti- 
 tution, with rather effeminate features; he has a brave heart and 
 lion-like courage — that predict for Lim a future as brilliant, as Lis 
 record is clear and honorable. 
 
 MAJOR B. H. BLANTON, A. I. G. 
 
 Is a Kentuckian, and, from Frankfort. He took position on the 
 Staff on the 1st of May, and was. in every battle with the Brigade 
 up to the 1st of October. At Gaines' Farm his horse wa 3 killed, and 
 at Sharpsburg he met with tlie same misfortune. His unflinching 
 courage and gallantry, won for him the higL respect and prais 
 the command. He received an appointment as Major in the Quar- 
 termaster's Department in Kentucky, and started for that array, 
 but on arriving in Richmond, was allowed to rctun^ and is yet 
 with our command. And as he is a favorite with all, his return 
 will Ve greeted with pleasure by both officers and men. 
 
 LIEUTENANT D. H. SUBLETT, ORDNANCE OFFICER, 
 
 Is from Waco, Texas. He entered the service a Lieutenant in 
 
 Co. E, 4th Regiment, from his Town — and served in that 
 
 until the 16th of March, 18G2, when he v. . . ,|un- 
 
 teer- Aid to General Hood. And on the 1st of Mav he was made 
 
118 
 
 Ordnance Officer of the Brigade. In all these positions, he dis- 
 charged his duty with satisfaction and credit. 
 
 ' COLONEL JOHN MARSHALL,* , 
 
 Commanding the 4th Texas, was born in Charlotte County, Vir- 
 ginia, in the year 18 — . He was at one time Editor of the Vicks- 
 burg " Sentinel," and afterwards took charge of the " Mississjp- 
 piar. " at Jackson. And at the earnest solicitation of the leading 
 members of the Democratic party of the State of Texas, lie dia- 
 I of his interest in the " MississHplan," and removed from 
 Jack.-on, Mississippi, to the City of Austin, Texas, where he con- 
 ducted the " State Gazette," which was the leading organ of the 
 Democratic party j and having made a reputation as a party leader 
 and an able writer, was elected Chairman, of the Democratic State 
 Convention at Austin, in 1858. over Governor Peas, by a conside- 
 rable majority. (And as a testimonial of the manner in which 
 the party appreciated him as a leader, they presented him a fine 
 gold headed cane.) He continued to hold this position until he 
 left Texas to join the army in Virginia. 
 
 Colonel Marshall was a literary man, of liberal views and fine 
 attainments — an excellent writer and a close logical reasoner, of 
 quick preception and excellent forecast, in so much that he did not 
 wait the full development of events, in order to comprehend the 
 end and aim of politicians, before the results of their policy were 
 seen and understood by the masses. His (friends knew well the 
 value of his services, and his enemies felt, the weight of his opposi- 
 tion. 
 
 When the 4th Regiment Texas Volunteers was o-ganized, he re- 
 ceived the appointment of Lieutenant-Colonel, and although the 
 appointment was not altogether satisfactory, the Regiment soon 
 learned to appreciate his value. For, possessing high business 
 qualifications, and being a warm personal friend of the President, 
 they found that through him they would be able to procure all the 
 necessaries and comforts for the campaign,' that would be erjoyed 
 by the most favored. 
 
 *I should have taken great pleasure in giving a Lithograph of Colonel 
 M., as well as a more extended biography had it l>een in my power, bnt not hav- 
 ing his likeness, nor ihe data, I have furnished all that I could under iho circum- 
 stances. » Taa Author- 
 
119 
 
 He was ever watchful for the well-being of the Regiment, 
 and fared and shared with them, both by day and night. Many 
 ^officers, when there is no prospect of an immediate approach of the 
 enemy, leave their post in camp, and spend a week or two at a 
 time in the city or town nearest at hand. But Colonel M prefer- 
 ed the post of duty to the place of pleasure. He was promoted to 
 the Colonelcy on the 3d of March, 1862. 
 
 We had no braver man in our army than he was. But he, it 
 seems, was not long allowed an apportunity, to show his devotion 
 to his country, and his gallantry on I he field, until the missile of 
 death sought and found the shining mark. Colonel Marshall fell, 
 pierced by a minnie ball, on the field of Gaines' Farm, on the 27th 
 of June. He had been in the battle of Eltham's Landing and 
 Seven Pines, and was just wheeling with his Regiment to make 
 one of the most brilliant charges known in history, when he fell 
 from his horse. 
 
 And we have reliable information, that, had he survived this 
 bloody scene, he would have received the promotion of Brigadier* 
 General. 
 
 His death will be felt and regretted, not only by the army, 
 but the State of Texas will mourn his fall. 
 
 LIEUTENANT-COLONEL BRADFUTE WARWIOK. 
 
 Was the. son of Corban Warwick, of Richmond Virginia'; born 
 November 24th, 1839, and entered upon the study of medicine — 
 having been thoroughly prepared, at the University of Virginia in 
 his 17th year. 
 
 This profession, however, was not his first choice ; for with an 
 ardent temperament and ambitious aspiration, he preferred a lifeof 
 more hazardous enterprise. But his parent- (ting, and 
 
 much prefering the life of a civilian for him, he reluctantly yielded 
 his own ambition to their w ishes. And as a second • 
 the ,-tudy of medicine — with their a] it opened up 
 
 before his young and aspiring mind, the widest field ofbei 
 and usefulness. That he did not enter upon this arduous field of 
 labo. with a view to its lucrative rewards, is quite - from 
 
 the fact that the great wealth of his family, made it tin: 
 that he should subject himself to the trial- an fat igue 
 
120 
 
 and exposures to which this calling would necessarily lead. Ills 
 estate would have furnished him all the comforts and luxuries of 
 life. But not willing to ,|ive in the enjoyment of the world's 
 blessings, without being a blessing to others, he placed his eye upon 
 an exalted mark, and soon his foot-print is seen in the, path that 
 leads to a high circle of usefullness. 
 
 After attending a course of lectures at the Medical College tn 
 thmond, he entered the Medical College of New York, where he 
 graduated at the close of the first year, and not only received a 
 diploma, but quite a complementary one. And being only nine- 
 teen, he felt unwilling to assume the responsibilities of a profession, 
 in which he would be charged with the life of others, at so early an 
 age — } T et unwilling to spend his time in idleness, and also desiring 
 to leave no branch of his profession unattained. even in its highest 
 degree, he went to Paris and prosecuted his studies until the fol- , 
 lowjng summer. When the exercises of the College suspended, he 
 concluded to spend a few months in a tour through Europe, visi- 
 ting the battle-field of Solferjno, Venice, and many other places- 
 returning to Paris, he made a pedestrian tour of the Desert. 
 
 On resuming his studies, his health began to fail, and he was 
 advi-ed to travel. This was weleome counsel to him, and he im- 
 liatelv determined on a trip to the East, where every city and 
 village, every town and hamlet, every mountain and valley, river, 
 spring, and almost every rock is the subject of history — either an- 
 cient or modern, sacred or profane. Icaly. Greece and Turkey, 
 afforded a wide field of pleasure and literary investigation to his well 
 cultivated' mind. But his trip through Asia and Africa were of 
 greater interest, for, although not more classic than the former, 
 yet there was more adventure than in other countries. He often 
 wrote back to his friends, the most graphic accounts of the ancient 
 relics and living generation through which he passed. And it was 
 his lot to be in Palestine on the eve of the great massacre*of the 
 Christians by the Druises. 
 
 On hi.-, return from -Jericho, his party of seventeen men encount-' 
 ered a band of Arabs, seventy in number, which the)- put to ilight 
 after a severe conllict, in which they killed several of the inarau> 
 ders, and lost one of their own men. On their arrival at Jerusa- 
 lem, they were received with the wildest enthusiasm by the inhabi- 
 
' 121 
 
 tants. For the savages had been roaming the county and robbing 
 travellers for years, and this was the first time they had been 
 overcome for a long period. 
 
 Having visited almost all the places of interest in the country 
 Where Prophets and Apostles had dwelt and traveled, and wbero 
 the Saviour of the world had lived and taught, he returned via 
 Constantinople to Europe. On his arrival in Italy, he found it in 
 commotion. Italy, long bound and trodden under foot, was strug- 
 gling to be free. And ere he was aware, all his de-ires for milita- 
 ry life, which he had yielded at the request of his parents, were 
 revived, and he was lired anew with the prospect of entering upon 
 the profession of arms. But as he. had declined a course which ho 
 felt would give uneasiness and pain to those whom the scriptures 
 taught him to obey, and thereby failed to receive a course of train- 
 ing at We-t Point, qualifying himself for the science of war, and 
 having qualified himself to heal, and not to inflict wounds, he 
 could not feel willing to offer himself in any other capacity than 
 that of a Surgeon in the army. But presenting himself to Gari- 
 baldi, which was in tbe following language, viz : " I wish the ap- 
 pointment of Surgeon, because I think by it, I can do more good, 
 but place me any where, if }<gu do not, I will get me a rifle and 
 fight on my own hook. For to fight or physic in this war, I am 
 determined : ' — he was unable to conceal that fire, which, no 
 doubt, he had long since believed to be extinct. And we will here 
 remark that his parents had but little idea when tLey objected to 
 his military course, that he would fall on the bloody field, and in 
 the terrible charge which should disconcert the foe, and contribute 
 so largely to the relief of Richmond, his native city, from a 
 of siege. 
 
 The great Dictator received him cordially, and gave him a place 
 on the Medical Staff as he desired. But he did not remain long on 
 this duty. It was too near the place for which his ambition was 
 struggling, when he abandoned tfrc idea of a military career. At 
 the end of two months, he resigned his commission and took his 
 place in the ranks as a common soldier. But I of his 1 
 
 was upon him, and having a knowledge of men as well as of nat 
 !i :i com • i ; and serving in his new capaeitj— t 
 great satisfaction of the Commander, he was called out on the bat- 
 
122 
 
 tie-field and promoted to the rank of Captain, for his bravery and 
 daring during the engagement. 
 
 It was at Palermo, that he identified his fortunes with this mili- 
 tary chieftan, and he continued with him, until he arrived in tri- 
 umph at Capua. During this time, Lieutenant-Colonel W: par- 
 . in eleven regular engagements, besides many skirmishes; 
 and ftlso rendered much valuable service in other important mat- 
 i onnected with the succes of the campaign. At one time he 
 sent over into Calabria as a spy, and by the successful manner 
 in which he performed this duty, won for himself the Cross of the 
 Legion of Honor. At another time, he was sent to 1 .ondon, recruit- 
 ing for the Dictator's army, of which the " Southern Literary 
 Messenger " speaks in the following language : 
 
 "What an example Doctor Bradfute Warwick has set the young 
 men of wealth throughout the South ! Scorning the delights of 
 Parisian life, and burning with love of the sacred cause of liberty, 
 he joined the army of Carib.ddi. Not content, with this, he re- 
 paired to London, and by his personal exertions succeeded in en- 
 listing three hundred recruits, many (f them, like himself, young 
 gentlemen of family and fortune. Deeds like this must not be 
 permitted to go unpraised. AVe trust our young Virginian may 
 ahare fully the undying fame which shall attach to the deliverers 
 of Italy. It will be a proud day for him when the shout of libera- 
 ted millions shall proclaim, " Italia is free !" a day worth ten 
 thousand years of the stagnant, idle, useless, ^emi-idiotic existence 
 which the great mass of men born to wealth pursue." 
 
 It has been our pleasure to read in the Richmond " Dispatch," a 
 short sketch of him, after his return from this brilliant tour in the 
 East which so beautifully and correctly presents the bearing and 
 deeds of this gallant young ofiicer, that we give it in full. 
 
 AN OFFICER OF GARIBALDI. 
 
 "We had yesterday the pleasure of meeting with Doctor Brad- 
 fute Warwick, who, as our readers are aware, has been serving with 
 Garibaldi throughout his late campaign. We have rarely been 
 more pleased with a rencountre. Doctor W. isan exceedingly in- 
 telligent young man, and gave us a most interest! ml of his 
 adventures. They are narrated with great modesty, and without 
 
123 
 
 the least appearance of bravado or presumption. Doctor Warwick 
 is but twenty-one, and yet be has already been in cloven pitched 
 battles and innumerable skirmishes, lie joined Garibaldi at Pa- 
 lermo, fought in all bis battles and left; him only when he le-igned 
 at Capua. Doctor W. is a Captain in the Sardinian service, Victor 
 Emanuel having adopted I he soldiers of Garibaldi. He literally 
 fought his way up, from a common soldier to a Captain, in six 
 months ! That speaks fur more than Captain Warwick's mo 
 allows him to say." 
 
 On his return from Calabria, he received information of the 
 troubles in his native hmd. He immediately resigned, and set out 
 for America. On- reaching Paris, he ascertained that the " Vander- 
 bilt " was ready to sail for the United States. He made all his ar- 
 rangements, and registered his name with the passengeis on board, 
 and set-sail on 1 is homeward-bound voyage on the following morn- 
 ing. His e}~e and heart were fixed on home ; and his mind was oc- 
 cupied, and his thoughts absorbed, with the new and undeveloped 
 events about to transpire on a theatre to which he was more near- 
 ly allied. He had entered the army in the Old World to assist in 
 the common cause of Liberty. But Home and Liberty are now 
 blendid in the same scene. When he started out on his trans-at- 
 lantic journey, he left a nation smiling with peace, and rejoicing in 
 prosperity and wealth, but what was to be the condition of affairs, 
 and the state of public feeling on his return, was left to conjecture. 
 And as the vessel was bound for a northern port, he knew not the 
 destiny that awaited him on his arrival. And thus through the 
 whole perod which elapsed from the time he embarked, until he 
 reached the American Continent, he was the subject of alternate 
 hopes and fear*. But on his arrival, the storm- cloud, which, in its 
 course, was to sweep over — first brightning, and then blasting his 
 brilliant career, had not sufficiently culminated, nor broken 
 his path, to prevent him pursuing his way linnn 
 
 On reaching home, although passionately fond of his family, he 
 remained but a short time. The sound of the tragi ving 
 
 the heart of a great nation, like the wind moves the waves of the 
 mighty deep. But as Virginia had not formally placed herself in 
 the ranks with her Southern . he could not enter th- 
 
 rice under the folds of "Sic Semper I :ently he 
 
124 
 
 hastened to join the Southern army. For the cause for which they 
 had begun to martial their hosts was that of freedom, and having 
 already offered himself upon that altar, he hastened to the place 
 where the camp fires were burning, and whether Virginia ever 
 became a member cf the Southern Confederal or not, he determ- 
 ined to identify himself with the Southern cause, and become a 
 member of the Southern army. He reached Charleston, only in 
 time to see Fort Sumter surrender to Beauregard, which he regret- 
 ted, as he wished to participate in every contest for liberty. 
 
 A\ hen the Ordinance of Secession was passed, and Virginia be- 
 came a Southern State, he returned, and with the rank of Captain, 
 was placed on the Staff of General Wise, in Western Virginia— 
 who was often heard to speak of his young Aid in the warmest 
 terms ; and when the Texas troops were organized near Richmond, 
 he was honored with the appointment of Major to the 4th Regi- 
 ment, in consequence of his military reputation and daring spirit. 
 
 When Hood took rank as Brigadier-General, Major Warwick 
 was made Lieutenant-Colonel, and as there had been no opportu- 
 nity of testing the. coolness and bravery of their young Virginia 
 officer, many of the men had their fears as to his efficiency on the 
 field. B^t at the battle of Eltham's Landing, he satisfied them 
 that he would not only stand his ground, but was ready to advance 
 and meet the foe. He here won great credit for himself, even 
 among western soldiers. From this time, he won upon the feel- 
 ings and confidence of those who had objected to him, because he 
 was a Virginian — not because they did not like Virginians, but be- 
 cause of their own State pride — they felt that we should have had 
 Texans for. our officers, which fettling, I believe, is A common with 
 the soldiers of every State. 
 
 At the battle of Gaines' Farm, June 27th, Colonel Marshall fell 
 soon alter the Regiment entered the field in front of the enemy's 
 guns. Lieutenant-Colonel W. was then in command, and none be- 
 haved more gallantly than he did on that day. As we were ad- 
 vancing, preparatory to that memorable charge which broke the 
 right arm of the enemy's power, he picked up a battle-flag which had 
 been left by some of our troops on the field, and carried it in his 
 hand, and waving it over their heads, cheered them on to glory 
 and to victory. But he was not long to enjoy this triumph in the 
 
125 
 
 full bright beams, with •which it will radiate" the brow of his com- 
 mand iu future time. He bad passed the second line of the ene- 
 my's defences with his men, and was about to plant his flag upon a 
 battery which they had captured, when a minnie ba'l pierced his 
 right breast, a£l he fell mortally wounded. 
 
 Thus ends tQe brilliant career of one of our most gallant offi- 
 cers, ana one of Virginia's bravest sons. A man of military tal- 
 ent, and high literary and social attainments — capable of adorning 
 in the high circle which nature had indicated, and, for which, no 
 pains had been spared in fitting him to move. 
 
 The 4th Texas, will, while recounting the incidents of this event- 
 ful campaign, ever speak of him in terms of unmeasured praise, 
 and think of his deeds with the greatest pride. While his family 
 will treasure his honors as an inheritance bequeathed, and acknowl- 
 edge him worthy their ancient name. 
 
 And knowing the state of his mind, both befirj and after he 
 fell, we have reasons to hope that he lives beyond the land of mis- 
 fortune in the regions of peace. I^or about two hours before he 
 received that mortal wound, we asked him how he felt in view 
 of the anticipated struggle, he said, " If we have an engagement to- 
 day, I expect to go down." Then how do you feel in view of such 
 a result ? He^replied, ("I never prayed so fervently, nor so con- 
 stantly during any day of my life, as I have on this day.") 
 
 After a few sentences more, the comm'and moved forward, and 
 on leaving him, we added, " Put your trust in the Son of God, 
 and whether you go down, or come through safely, it shall be well 
 with you." He replied, " I will," and led on to the field. 
 
 On the 6th of July, he was relieved by death of, all his suffer- 
 ings. His funeral was attended by Rev. Dr. Minnegerode. 
 
 BRIGADIER-GENERAL J. B. ROBERTSON, 
 
 Was born in Woodford County, Kentucky, and at the age of twelve, 
 was left an orphan, and without means. He was bound out for the 
 period of his minority, but by his industry and economy, purchased 
 his liberty at eighteen, and begun the study of medicine as soon 
 as he had made sufficient literary advancement to enable him to 
 do so. lie had gone to school regular ly, only three months prior 
 to his 18 th year. 
 
126 
 
 A l »out the time he completed his course, he left Kentucky with 
 a, company of volunteers, to join the Texans in 1835, in their strag- 
 gle for independence. The battle of San Jacinto was fought while 
 they wep< to from New Orleans to Valasco. They joined in 
 
 the pursuit of the enemy to the Rio Grande, and hq^was promoted 
 to the rank of Captain, which he held until the Army of the Repub- 
 lic was furloughed in June, 1837. He then resumed his profession 
 of medicine in Washington County; but owing to the unsettled 
 con lition of affairs with Mexico, and the hostilities of the Indians, 
 he was again called to the field, and put in command of a regiment 
 and during the years 1839 and 1840, the savages were made to 
 fear and feel the force of his command. He was an active partici- 
 pant in all the stirring events which transpired from the independ- 
 ence of Texas, both with the Mexicans and Indians, until annexation 
 with the United States. 
 
 In 1848, he was elected to the State Legislature, and was one of 
 its ablest and most efficient members. In 1850, he was elected to 
 Kite : and at that early day, advocated the necessity of 
 preparing for a contest with the Yankee-, which he then saw was 
 coming. He was one of the members of the Convention that pass- 
 ed the Ordinance of Secession, and was one of the first to raise a 
 company and hasten to the contest. He was promoted to the Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonelcy of the 5th Texas Regiment, on arriving at Rich* 
 moo 1. And on the 2d of June, when Colonel Archer received the 
 appointment of -Brigadier-General, he took the :ank of Ujlonel.— 
 And as to the gallantry of his conduct at Gaines' Farm, Freeman's 
 Ford, Manassas and Boonsboro Gap, the preceeding 'pages have al- 
 ready testified. Physical exhaustion after the last named battle, 
 Was so great, that he had to be hauled off the field; and was thereby 
 prevented from participating in the engagement at Sharpsburg. 
 
 But the recommendation of General Hood, and the appointment 
 of this b'-ave officer to the rank of Brigadier- General, November 
 1st, 1862, speaks more in his praise, than I am able, otherwise, to 
 do. He is now in command of the Texas, Brigade, in the Army of 
 the Potomac. 
 
 DANIEL COLLINS AND THE BRASS BAND. 
 
 This part of our organization has to the mind of many, been of 
 
127 
 
 but little advantage in the camps, or service on the field. But to 
 the mind of an observing man, it is evident they have done a great 
 amount of good. For there is nothing better calcula^d to stir up 
 all the soldier in the composit : on of the man, than the thrilling 
 strains of martial music, as it rises and swells in harmonious eupho- 
 ny from a well trained band. 
 
 When the men arc weary and exhausted, its soft notes on the 
 night air, drive away the thoughts of fatiguing marches, and 
 quietly lull u the soldier to rest. And the bugle's blast at reveille 
 reminds him, as he is aroused from slumber, that he is a soldier j 
 and to his guardianship has been committed the weal of a great 
 nation, as well as the peaceful enjoyment of his own little home. 
 
 This principle was well understood by the great Napoleon, who 
 would have the mothers of France teach their children the science 
 of war, ere they could handle the gun, or could scarcely climb 
 the door-step. Each little man had his toy drum and com 
 gun, and thus grew up from the cradle, a man and a soldier. Na- 
 poleon knew that music had a powerful charm upon the soul, and, 
 consequently, by it, held the armies of France chained to his will' 
 and led them through Russian snows and ever Alpine mountains, 
 whithersoever he pleased. 
 
 But, to make music for the braves, was not all the service ren- 
 dered by the band. For being organized, they served as guard t-. 
 the knapsacks and blankets, which the men could not carry into 
 the fight, and also as nurses to the wounded as they were brought 
 in from the battle to the Field Infirm iry. And as it wa- 
 on two occasions, to be present at these scenes of suffering, we take 
 pleasure in saving, they labored with untiring zeal for i 
 nights together without sleep, and with but little food. ■ 
 
 [MPROVED CONDITION OF THE HOSPITALS. 
 
 In the earlier part of the campaign, the sick and woi ,ller- 
 
 ed much for the want of efficient Suj ft and 
 
 Hospital room and appliances generally. There., rioua 
 
 and many. We had been living at peace with ourselves an 1 with 
 all the nations so Ion,- that we had but very f. i who 
 
 rjstood Military Surgeiy. Many of them had, though p 
 ing Physic I .never dressed a gun-shot wound. This was. 
 
128 
 
 although a great want of skill and fitness for army surgery, .more 
 their— and, consequently, our misfortune, than a fault on their part. 
 There are doik scores of young men, who had never begun the prac- 
 tice of medicine before the commencement of the war, much better 
 prMfiticcU Bin ban any of the surgeons, in whose hands the 
 
 knife w a placed* except a comparatively small number. And 
 while the young men have been thus qualifying themselves, the 
 older on< been making more than equal advancement. 
 
 In the next place, the nurses have acquired a skill and aptness in 
 their duties, which, in a great measure, lessens the annoyance and 
 pain of the sulferers. 
 
 The rules and regulations of the Hospitals have also been syste- 
 matized and adapted to the comfort of the patients, as well as to 
 the convenience of their friends, who como to look after, and do 
 offices of kindness for them. 
 
 The room which has been provided, is now ample for an}' num- 
 ber that will ever, at any one time, have to be quartered for treat- 
 ment. 
 
 The number and improvements in all the various appliances for 
 the hospitals are almost, if not quite, as extensive as the quartera 
 which have been fitted up. 
 
 The supply of medicines i.s yet limited, but the great accessions 
 and improvements, in all the other branches ofgthe healing depart- 
 ment are so many and great, that they very much make amends 
 for this dadd&ratwm. 
 
 And in addition to all the improvements mentioned, the regula- 
 tions Lave been so amended as to provide a matron for each "Ward. 
 A woman is to be seen supervising the culinary department, the 
 Laundry and Wardrobe, and keeping an eye to the cleanliness of 
 the ward, and neatness of the patients. Nothing could have been 
 suggested, that will add more to the comfort and cheer of these 
 houses cf suffering. It is a position of honor, and opens a wide 
 field for usefulness, and deeds of love and mercy to the mothers of 
 our country, which is hailed with as much satisfaction by the sol- 
 diers, as it will be a source of pride to the women of the South, as 
 long as they live. 
 
 And the last, though not the least among the arrangements, 
 which will add to the comfort of all concerned, that we will here 
 
\29 
 
 mention, h the quartering of the soldiers of different; States to- 
 gether. The importance of so doing is so obvious > both for tbt 
 comfort of the sick man, and the convenience of his friends, that no 
 one will fail to see and appreciate it. 
 
 And although the Surgeon General did take it upon himself, to 
 attempt to give me a little lecture, for quarreling a little with 
 some of the Surgeons at the Chimborazo Hospital, for the manner 
 in which they treated some of our men j yet I will say that the 
 present condition of the Hospitals does great credit to him, bot^ 
 as a Surgeon and a State officer. 
 
 And to Di\ Smith, the Post Surgeon at Winchester, the thanks 
 of our men are due, and we take the liberty of tendering them 
 through this medium, for the kindness that we received at his hands, 
 For we have not seen an officer since our connection with the servico 
 who labored so incessantly, both day and flight, to provide a place 
 and means of comfort for the hundreds of sick and wounded, who 
 were sent to the rear during our Maryland campaign. 
 
 Dr. Thomas and the Sisters of Charity, at the Infirmary St. Francis 
 de Sales, have also favored us with all the benefits that kind treat- 
 ment and attentive nursing could aiford. 
 
 CONTRIBUTIONS. 
 
 In consequence of the immense demands upon the Quartermas- 
 ter's Department, it has not been able to furnish the requisite 
 amount of clothing, to keep the men from suffering during the win- 
 ter. And with a view to supplying the deftcienc} 7 — as we are too 
 far from home, and with many difficulties intervening, to look for 
 help from our friends — the following card, prefaced by the Editor 
 of that, excellent paper, made its appearance in the u Whig," on the 
 5th of November: 
 
 " We call attention to the statement below, assured that the citi- 
 zens of Richmond need no comments from us to kiduce a prompt 
 response to the simple and touching appea' of the Tcxp.ns — bravest 
 among the brave. The 4th Texas, to which Mr. Davis is attached, 
 distinguished itself greatly in the battle at Gaines 1 P:>r:u, wh«.-re 
 Lieut. Col. Bradfute Warwick fell, while leading it into action. — 
 The 4th Texas has a special claim upon Richmond, which we doubt 
 
 not will be fall v recognized." 
 9 
 
130 
 
 TEXANS BAREFOOTED. 
 
 Richmond, November 4tL 
 To the Editor of the Whig : 
 
 I have just arrived from Frederick>burg ; the prospects are good 
 fpr a fight, but our men are not all shod. On yesterday evening 
 an order was read on dress parade to the effect that, being bare- 
 footed would not excuse any man from duty. Those who were 
 without shoes, were ordered to make moccasins of raw hide, and % 
 stand in their places; and we feel that Texans will come as near 
 discharging their duty as any who will meet the next struggle ; 
 but 1 ask the good people of Richmond and surrounding country, 
 if they will stand by and see them go into the fight without shoes. 
 We are too far from home to look to our friends there for help. — 
 We acknowledge the kindness shown us last winter, and many of 
 the recipients have poured out their life's blood on the* soil of Vir- 
 ginia*, 
 
 We are from the far South, and the cold is severe to us. It will 
 require at least one hundred pairs of shoes, and five hundred pairs 
 of socks to complete one suit for our men. Those who are disposed 
 to contribute, will please send for war -1 their mite to the depot of 
 the Young Men's Christian Association, or the depot of the 4th 
 Texas Regiment, en 15th street, between Main and Gary, over 
 RatolifFs, and it will be forwarded immediately. 
 
 N. A. DAVIS, 
 Chaplain 4th Texas. 
 
 In answer to this appeal, we have received from Miss Virginia 
 Dibrell, (collected, from various contributions,) $268 25; Miss 
 Mattie M. Nicholas and Mrs. Garland Hanes. (proceeds of a concert 
 at the Buckingham Female Institute.) ($175 05; from the Ladies' 
 Soldiers' Aid Society, New Market, Nelson county, a box filled 
 with clothing; Mrs. Wm. G. Paine, seventy-eight pairs socks; Mr. 
 Wm. Bell, Chairman of the Purchasing Committee of the citizens 
 of Richmond, one hundred pairs of shoes; Young Men's Christian 
 Association, thirty rugs, one hundred and forty -six pairs of draw- 
 ers, one hundred and nine shirts, ninety-four pairs of gloves, am' 
 four hundred and ten pairs socks, besides a number of smaller sums- 
 and packages, which have warmed both the feet and hearts of ouf 
 
1S1 
 
 men; who feel that it is. unnecessary to attempt to express their 
 gratitude for these unexpected favors. But, by way of acquitting 
 the claims of the young ladies, the boys are willing to promise to 
 take them home with them, and work for them as loi g as they live. 
 In return for the liberality extended to our men, the Brigade, 
 after the battle of Fredericksburg, contributed near $0,000 to the 
 sufferers of this unfortunate city— Hood ? s Minstrels giving about 
 $400 of that amount. 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 For the present, we must take leave of the reader, with the 
 promise of continuing our journal until the sunlight of peace re- 
 turns. And then it is our purpose to present a history of the 
 whole campaign. There may be, and doubtless, are many dark 
 hours between this, and that long desired and much wished for time. 
 But the same unyielding courage, and patience in suffering, which 
 you have manifested hitherto, will biing it after a while. To* 
 much cannot be said in praise of that noble, seif-sacrificins; devo- 
 tion, which has been exhibited for the cause of Southern Libertv 
 . in your past history. And I am proud^to say, that notwithstand- 
 ing all the trials and hardships, privations and sufferings, you have 
 been called to endure, that the same uncompromising, living patri- 
 otism burns as warmly in your bosoms to-day, as when you firbt 
 left the quiet walks of civil life, and entered the army of 3-our 
 country. And, for which, your country will not only praise, but 
 love you while you live, and your names after you are dead. 
 'That there have been privations suffered by our army, which might 
 have been avoided, we do not deny. And that the policy pursued 
 by those in authority, in some instances, seemed unwise, we also 
 admit. But it becomes us, as patriot soldiers, to regard these with 
 a charitable eye. For while we have been exposed to the missiles 
 of death from the enemy, and the diseases of the camp, we feel 
 assured that our friends at home, and the authorities at Richmond, 
 have been doing all the while, what the}*, at the time believed to 
 be for the best. To believe otherwise, would be unkind and. un- 
 just. For it is as much to their interest as ours, that that policy 
 be pursued, which will bring this cruel war to a speedy and honor- 
 able close. If, then, they have erred in some things, it does rot 
 
132 
 
 become us to speak evil, or unjustly accuse them, for it is the mis- 
 fortune of man to err. , 
 
 It is the opinion of some, that " The danger js in such a contest 
 as we are now waging, that we will be too favorably and generous- 
 ly disposed towards the Government, rather tban piejudiced 
 against it — that we will be blind to its faults, rather than eager and 
 exacting in their exposure." We should not be blind, it is true. 
 But that some are more eagerly exacting than is profitable, either 
 to themselves or their country, is equally true. They are not 
 blind, we know, when they can see so clearly as to discover a poli- 
 cy for the administration, and a plan of operation for the army, 
 that would, while we were without the means of defence or ag- 
 gression, have steered the Ship of State clear of breakers, and 
 brought her into port, without a single defeat. They have never 
 failed to charge the administration with every defeat we have suf- 
 fered. They are ready whenever we meet a reverse, to show the 
 muses, and blame the President. They make no allowances for 
 the skill and superior numbers of the enemy — their great resour- 
 ces and superior arms and advantageous positions. But their con- 
 dition is soon drawn — the authorities at Richmond, or some man 
 with a commission from Jeff Davis in his pocket, was the cause of 
 it. They aie not only " eager,'' but "exacting;" and the}'' are so 
 eager in their exaction, that they do not wait to inquire the cause, 
 but with their eyes open to the "faults" of the Government, they 
 begin their unholy work of iault-iinding. Oh, what a pity f he 
 President did not have his fault-finding seers in his Cabinet, so 
 they could have prophesied before the battle was fought; whether 
 Israel wourd prevail, or the Philistines succeed ! But with their 
 great wisdom, they could have alwa} 7 s prophesied victory — and " a 
 victory it must have been." 
 
 These wise men, tell you, soldiers, that you should not only be 
 " eager " and exacting, but you should be " prejudiced " against 
 the President and officers of State, whom you have called to these 
 high positions, while you would go and fight the battles of your 
 country. Why do they desire you to be prejudiced against them ? 
 What good can come of such " eager, exacting prejudice?" For 
 my own part, I am unable to see any jus.t cause for this gratuitous 
 alarm, unless it be to attract attention to their important selves 
 
. 133 
 
 and have you claim a place in tie Cabinet for them. The Presi- 
 dent is the same man he was, when he was called to the chair in 
 Montgomery. He is the same man, and with the same views and 
 policy, as when you, in one united voice, a year ago, f-aid he wns 
 the man which you desired to stand at the helm through this 
 storm which had already broken upon the South in all its whirl- 
 wind fury. And he is still heading the ship in the same direction, 
 as when you called upon him to take an oath that he would stand 
 in the pilot-house for the next six years. His eye is still fixed 
 upon the Polar Star of your liberties, and notwithstanding the 
 false alarms of the frightened or fault finding portions of the crew, 
 they cannot divert his attention from its glorious light on the hiHs 
 of American hope. The false lights that arc kindling 1 along the 
 shore, have never caused him to vere from the course, and I am 
 persuaded that the false cries of rocks and breakers ahead, by these 
 "eager, exacting, prejudiced" ones, will not be able to move his 
 neves, or cause h m to deviate from the light of that. Star which 
 has grown mucli brighter and nearer, than it was last February. 
 
 We know that it is unreasonable, to expect any one to fill the 
 high position which he occupies, and be able* to please every man. 
 No form, nor period of any government, has ever been free from 
 such "eager, exacting, prejudiced, fault-finders" as we already 
 discover to exist in our young Republic. No, not even the Theoc- 
 racy itself was free from such men, for Korah, Dathan and Abiram, 
 thought Moses and Aaron took too much upon themselves. And 
 so it is now. These men think the President takes too much upon 
 himself. "He makes the members of his Cabinet act as chief 
 clerks, &c, <Sbc." The great difficulty seems to be, that, the Presi- 
 dent examines too minutely, all the business of the different de- 
 partments. But this »s what you claimed at his hand, when you 
 required him to take the oath of the office to which ycu elected 
 him, and which he has filled as well as any other man in our na- 
 tion could have done. And if he fail to scrutinize the whole nv 
 tional machinery with constant vigilance, then he should resign the 
 solemn trust. 
 
 To speak evil of the authorities in our Government, to be 
 
 the pleasing emplo} r ment of the class of men referred to. They ^ 
 have not known, or if known, they have not learned to practice 
 
134 
 
 4he sacred law of charity, which "hideth a multitude of faults.." 
 There is a God, and that " God doeth his will in the army of 
 Heaven, and his pleasure among the children of men." lie has 
 grven us a Bible, and that Bible says, " Thou shalt not speak evft 
 •f the ruler of thy people," but they have never learned or prac- 
 ticed tin's command. And instead of practicing- it themselves, they 
 would have you prejudiced, and eagerly exacting in your de- 
 mands. Oh what a shame ! 
 
 When our army is successful, they saj r " the soldiers did it. " — 
 Tnis is true. But did the soluiers win the victory without officers ? 
 And did the soldiers and officers in the army plan the campaign, 
 and fight the battles without the knowledge and counsel of the 
 President and his Cabinet '? We are persuaded that the brave 
 soldiers of onr army would desire to claim no such thing. And 
 while you are doing all } r ou can to win our liberties, you are wil- 
 ling to do justice to all, from the highest to the lowest. And 
 while you claim the honor due to your noble deeds, you are as wil- 
 ling to confer that honor due to both the officers of the army, and 
 officers of State. 
 
 It seems to be the object of these «ncn, if it be possible, to sow 
 the seeds of discord in our country and our army, and thereby 
 destroy the list hope of American freedom. For such would be 
 the legitimate result of their conduct. But we are proud to know 
 that the men whom they desire to disafTect, and persuade into the 
 same unholy calling with themselves, have too much sense, and too 
 much love of liberty and home at heart, to be influenced by those, 
 who, instead of taking their muskets and helping you drive the in- 
 vader from their own soil, are spending their days in ease, and 
 their breath in slander. 
 
 We are proud to know that you cherish a sovereign contempt 
 for such men, and for the cause in which they are engaged. For 
 you are aware that there were men in the days of your revolution- 
 ary sires, who did the same. And you know, too, that the con- 
 tempt of the world rested upon them, and upon their children, 
 ever afterwards. 
 
 And, in conclusion, we ask you to look back over the history of 
 our national career, for the last twelve months. We have been de- 
 feated in several engagements, it is true, but it was in a branch of 
 
135 
 
 •the service in which we never have had but little power. We 
 have lost our little fleet, and some of our sea-ports. But how 
 ■many victories crown your arms by land ? And although some 
 would have you believe that our administrati m has been charac- 
 terized by imbecility, and the departments with inefficiency, we 
 ask you now, to look at the army, which is the pride of our na- 
 tion, and the admiration of the world. It is well trained and well 
 armed, and stands in proud defiance of the mustering legions of the 
 North. Less than twenty thousand of whom, but a few flays ago, 
 defeated the whole of the enemy's Grand Army at Fredericksburg, 
 themselves being the confessors. 
 
 We admit the force, and quote the language of one of our great 
 statesmen, via : " Eternal vigilance, is the price of liberty," but we 
 would also remind you of the fact, that confidence in each other, 
 is fie sheet anchor uf cur safety. For united we stand, divided we 
 fall. And while we have enemies from abroad, and pressing upon 
 our borders, let us not forget that we have enemies as subtile, ma- 
 lignant and dangerous at home. But with vigilanee for our cause, 
 and confidence in each other — in our officers of the army and of 
 the State,' we shall not fail to discover every attempt they shall 
 make, and by the help of Almighty God, we will finally con- 
 quer our peace, and drive the aliens from our homes, and the secret 
 enemies from our altars. 
 
 And although you long for the time, and signal to stack your 
 arms and return to your distant homes, yet we know that it is 
 ypur unchangeable determination to keep the camp fires burning 
 around the borders of your bleeding country, until you have forced 
 the hords of Yankees from the land of wooden-nutmegs, to ac- 
 knowledge your independence — or else you will fill the soldiers 
 grave. For yon, by } T our recent campaign, have declared that you 
 intend to die on the field, unless you sLall be allowed the enjoy- 
 ments of the liberties bequeathed by your ancestors. For a» 
 honorable death is preferable to an ignominious life. And you are 
 Also aware of the fact, that " while yew are determined co be free, 
 you never can be conquered." 
 
 May the living God preserve you from the pestilence that rides 
 viper, the winds, and shield your hoads in the- day of battle. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 (n presenting a list of the killed and wounded, we Lave made tj 
 as correct as we possibly could. If we have made mistakes m spell- 
 rug some of the names, we would be glad to have them corrected, 
 in view of making it correct when the Journal is finally completed. 
 And if we have not done each one justice in the Roll of the' 4th, 
 m the different engagements, we will take pleasure in making any 
 corrections desired, provided the corrections are legally authorized 
 by the company officers — otherwise wo cannot take the liberty of 
 altering it, as it was made by official order, and subjected to the 
 examination of the officers who furnished it to me, as nearly cop- 
 rect as circumstances would enable them to make it. I am not 
 responsible for the errors that may occur. For the tables were 
 made out by others. 
 
 Many of you have made a bright record — one,, of which you will 
 be proud until the day of your death. And we hope we shall have 
 the pleasure of concluding it with as much honor as it has been, 
 thus far sustained. 
 
 Killed and Wounded of the Hampton Legion, in the different Engage- 
 ments of the Campaign, as fornuhed hy B. J. Boaknigfd. Lieutenant,. 
 
 acting Adjutant. 
 
 Killed. Wounded. 
 
 Williamsburg and Seven Fines, - - 22 122 
 
 Gaines' Farm, - - 2 18 
 
 Manassas, _---.----.. 12 78 
 
 Sharpsburg, t> 48 
 
 Total, 45 2.0 i 
 
 i it of Killed and Wounded of the t$th G.a., in the different Engage- 
 ments cf the Campaign, furnished by order of Col. Woffordt 
 
 SEVEN PINES. 
 Co. H.— Wounded— A. J. Nallay, John Ward. 
 Co. K. — Wounded — G.. M. Scott, J. H. Carroll. Total wound- 
 ed, 4. 
 
LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 137 
 
 GAINES' FARM. 
 
 Co. A— Killed— J. E. Jackson, S. IX Price, Win. Stansel. 
 
 Wounded. — II. Gragg, S. M. Owens, J. M. Abney, A. G. Demp- 
 sy, G. W. Grisham, J. J. Mima, A. Nichols, F. M. Summers, J. W. 
 Smith, W. J. Stanley, W. A. Steele, J. R. Thacker, W. J. Tanner. 
 
 Co. B.-Killed— J. B. Watkins. 
 
 Wounded 1st Serg't S. P. Doss, J. W. Allman, Eliliu Allman, 
 
 E, W. Chandler, S. A. Hill, J. I). Hill, A. J. Hendry, W. J. Les- 
 ter, II. Miller, W. J. Morgan, L. J. Richardson, 0. P. Richard.-on, 
 W. B. Stowers, Jas. Veal, J. A. Winborn. 
 
 Co/C.— Killed— 1st Lieut. McCulloch, J. T. Appleby, Willis 
 Auglin, C. Harwell, J. J. Moore, II. W. McElhannan, J. II. Thur- 
 mond. Wounded — 2d Lieut. Silman. 1st Sergeant II. W. Bell, 3d 
 Serg't E. M. Eustace, T. C. Bowles, W. G. Harris, B. B. Morgan. 
 J. M. Orr, W. M. Potter, R. T. Rogers, J. M. White. 
 
 Co. D —Killed— W. A. Murray. 
 
 Wounded. -A. Bailey, G. W. Deriso, J. M. Dancer, W. R. Dan- 
 cer, C. Faircloth, G. W. Rhodes. 
 
 Co. E.— Killed— J. M. Smith. Wounded^-A. W. Putnam, W. 
 0. Harris, Wm. Howk, J. Nave, F. M. Samp-on. 
 
 Co. F.— Killed— C. J. Hibberts, Wm. Jackson, L. 0. Smith. 
 
 Wounded. — A. J. Earp, J. C. Reynolds, J. D. Foster, W. Byers, 
 
 F. Durham, G. Freeman, T. D. Hackett, J. M. Lumpkin x L. J. 
 Nichols, A. J. Reed, A. J. Sarter. 
 
 Co. G— Wounded— B. Cantrell, 8. W. Dixon, W. Hill, J. M 
 Morris. 
 
 Co. II.— Killed— J. B. Vaugiian. Total killed, 17 ■ woawted, f..">. 
 
 MALVERN HILL. 
 
 Co. A.— Killed— T. J. Bennett, A. S. Tanner. Wounded. -J. M 
 Tanner, R. E. Turner. 
 
 Co. B.— Wounded— Corp'l R. F. McDonaM, W, H. Shaw. 
 Co. G.— Wounded— W. Morris. Total killed. - : Wounded, 
 
 SECOND MANASSAS 
 
 Co. A.— Killed— J. 1). Mullens, J. N. Tin^ley, J. R. Whifener. 
 
 Wounded.— Capt. J. B. O'Neal, T. P. Brown, A. I> irl Ml, J. I\ 
 Durham, L. A. Hicks, W. II. Jackson, l\ Priest, M. U Whitfield. 
 D, B. Whitfield, 
 
^^S LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 
 
 Co. B —Killed G. M. PoIsod, EL Watkins. 
 
 Wounded. — J. W. All man, J. Guinn, R. IJol lings worth, J. King, 
 E. BlcDanald, J. T. .Smith, J. R. S. Bowel, Win. 6t. John, T. T 
 Thrasher. 
 
 ■Co. C. — Killed — Capt. Jarrett, Wm. Clanton, J. C. McElhannan, 
 J.- II. Miller, J. II. Oliver, I?. A. Williamson. 
 
 Wounded.— J. It. Howard, J. A. Espry, J. It. Mitchell, T. O. 
 NiWack, W. T. Thurmond, W. 0. Wilson, J. N. Williamson. 
 
 Co. D. — Wounded — Lieut. E. R. Laws, Lieut. Rhodes, Corp'l A. 
 Brown, Corp'l 0. R. Penick, J. E. Higenbothan, Corp'l J. W. 
 Reed, W. J. Hurst, J. Ilayse, J. A. Knight, W. J. Pierce, James 
 Rhodes, Henry Sapp, A. J. Taylor. - 
 
 Co. E.— Killed— 3d Lieut. E. S. Brown, 3d Corp'l M. S. Collins, 
 J. J. Jarrett, John Kelley, T J. Smith, E. M. Smith. 
 
 Wounded— 3d Serg't F. A. Weems, 5th Serg't B. F. Baughan, 
 1st Corp'l B. F. Sanders, IT. A. Biughan, Sam. Edlemon, J. S. Guy- 
 ton, W. M. Panne 1 R. II. Russeau. 
 
 Co. F— Killed— J. W. Calvert, E. Mosteller. 
 
 Wounded.— Capt. J. C. Roper, Lieut. J. F. Ifarden, Serg't Dol- 
 phin, Corp'l J. D. Foster. Corp'l J. It. Boyce, J. M. Conn, J. W. 
 Conn, W. J. Guest. 
 
 Co. G.— Corp'l D. M. Stradley. Total killed, 20; wounded, M. 
 
 SHARPS BURG. 
 
 Killed. — Sergeant Major A. McMurry. 
 
 Co. A. — Killed — M. L. Davenport, Wm. Davenport. 
 
 Wounded F. A. Boring, J. S. Mason, M. S. Mason, T. II. North- 
 
 enti T. M. Peters, T. J. Pyron, F. J: Robertson, J. D. Scott, J. W. 
 Wheeler. 
 
 Co. B.— Kil'ed— II. B. Windborn. 
 
 Wounded.— S. P. Doss, T. D. Guinn, Wm. McKec. 
 
 Co. C— Wounded— 3d Lieut. Calahan, F. M. Bates, J. Roberts. 
 
 • Co. D.— Wounded— 2d Lieut. J. II. Macon, 3d Lieut. W. G. Gil- 
 bert, Serg't S. II. Woodall, M. A. Adams, It. C. Clifton, A. Jones, J. 
 Mitchell. 
 
 Co. E.— -Wounded— 3d Lieut. 0. W. Putnam, W. Arnold, J. B. 
 Brooks, J. W. Caldwell, A. Iloleomb, A. J. Sowry. 
 
 Co. F Killed— L. B. Arnold, S. Brooks. 
 
 Wounded— Lieut. A. F. Wooley, Serg't A. J. Earp, Serg't J, €. 
 
LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 139 
 
 Reynolds, Corp'l J. D. Foster, Corp'l S. Cantrell, Jas. Brock, D. S. 
 Brandon, Jasper Culwell, Thos. Dawson, J. M. Lumpkin. 
 
 Co. G.— Wounded— A. L. Myers, Serg't G. W. Whitten. 
 
 Co. II— Wounded— 2d Lieut. John Grant, Corp'l W. II. Wind- 
 sor, J. R. Morrill. Total killed, 6; wounded, 43. 
 
 Grand total killed, -15; wounded, 171. 
 
 Note. — In consequence of the exceedingly high price of paper, 
 press-work, &c.j I have been under the necessity of omitting the 
 Roll, as furnished at length by the 18th Ga., for the present; but 
 it will appear in a future edition. 
 
 I should have omitted the Roll of the 4th Texas also, but for the 
 means furnished by officers of that Regiment, which enabled me to 
 publish it in this edition. 
 
 List of Casualties of the 1st Texas Regiment, in the different Engage- 
 ments of the Campaign, Ordered and Signed by Lieutenant Colonel 
 P. A. Work, Commanding. 
 
 ELTHAM'S LANDING. 
 
 Staff. — Wounded — Lieutenant Colonel Black — since died. 
 
 Co. A.— Killed— J. Etlv. 
 
 Wounded.— Lieut. W. W. Lany, P. Hjgginff; H. Ilennant, P. Set- 
 ger, P. Mahon, G. Rogers. 
 
 Co. C— Killed— Cart. II. Decatur. 
 
 Wounded. — P. Donley, J. Trotter. 
 
 Co. D Killed— C:¥ Covy. 
 
 Wounded. — J. McDowel, J. W. Smith. 
 
 Co. P. — Wounded — James Bush. 
 
 Co. H Killed— P. W. Mills. 
 
 Wounded.— J. B. Camwell, D. J. Hill, W. A IKney, John 
 Spencer, II. L. Martin, T. Foster. 
 
 Co. L. — Killed — Jas. Brown, C. Schodt. 
 
 Wounded— Smith Sims, F. Nichols, J. Coffee. Total hilled, 6 
 wounded, 22. 
 
 SEVEN PINES. 
 
 Co. C.— Wounded— II. Smith. 
 
 Co. E.— Killed— D. D. Davis. Wounded.— J. C. R. Mahy. 
 
 Co K. — Wounded — Barney McNilly. 
 
140 LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 
 
 Co. L.— Wounded— J. W. Brown, W. A. Shelton. Total killed, 
 
 I ; wounded, 5. 
 
 GAINES' FARM. 
 
 Staff. — Wounded — Colonel Rainey. 
 
 Co. A. — Wounded — Serg't Jno. R. Crawford, J. R. Wright, M. 
 Jaoobi. 
 
 Co 13.— Killed—Lieut. W. B. Shotwell, Serg't J. Crobert. 
 Wounded.— Corp'l J. M. Canterbury, F. M. Carr, M. A. Dun- 
 ram, W. McDonald, W. 0. Pankey. 
 
 Co. C. — Wounded — Serg't M. J. Giles, Serg't 0. G. Armstrong, 
 .Tames Wriun, 
 
 Co. D. — Wounded — A. Dennis, M. TV. Murry, D. P. Simms. 
 
 Co. E. — Killed — Sergeant J. A. Samson. 
 
 Wounded— Serg't J. TV. Smith, TV. C. Scptt, Wm. Campbell. 
 
 Co. F. — Killed — W. A. Allen, Jno. Ambrose, . Hollaman, 
 
 D. D. McMillem 
 
 Wounded. — Lieut. Henry Snow, L. S. Jones, Robt. Hooker, H. 
 Harvillc, Thos. Eskridge, Chas. Hicks. 
 
 Co. G. — Wounded — Lieut. E. S. Jamison, Charles Woodhouse, 
 R. C. McK night. 
 
 Co. IL— Killed— P. B. Hanks, Levil Lee, J. M. Doherty, J. J. 
 Foster. Wounded. — George Ilollingsworth, F. M. Embry, J. S. 
 Rudd, A. J. Fry. 
 
 Co. I— Killed— TV. G. Morris, L. TV. Maning, 0. IL Boykin. 
 Wounded. — Lieut. J. L. Sheridan, Lieut. *TV. B. Wall, Sergeant 
 J. II. Foster, C. 0. VVagnon, D. B; Bush^ E. B. Andrews, I). II. 
 Beavers, Jno. DeLong, L. J. Fitt.s, J. 0. Foster, TV. J. L. Harris, 
 Robert Montgomery, A. Montgomery, S. IT. Oliphant, L. Daurty. 
 Co. K.— Killed— Captain B. F. Benton,' Corp'l TV. J. Chambers, 
 I, J. Mays, J. TV. Coe. 
 
 Wounded.— Serg't Thos. A. Artry, TV. J. Carton, T>\ TV. Gray, 
 G. TV. Menefee, A. J. Proseler, II. C. Powell, Lieut. Jas. Water- 
 house. 
 
 Co. L Killed— Corp'l J. L. Townsend, J. Panpart. 
 
 Wounded. — Janes Nagle, S. D. Smith, II. Shuky, G. Hawkins, 
 It. Jacoolf. Total killed, 20; wounded, 58. 
 MALVERN HILL. 
 Co. B.— Killed— J. E. McClannaban, T. McNaully, Z. Williams, 
 J. T. Dortch. 
 
LIST OP CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 14 
 
 Wounded.— R. Love, M. G. Lewis, J. W. Gamer, A. Trinkman. 
 
 Co. 0.— Wounded— Serg't J. W. Trotter, T. J. Calhoun, G. W. 
 McNew, H. F. M. Freeman. 
 
 Co. E. — Wounded — J. K. Norwood. 
 
 Co. P. — Killed — Jacob Benidict. 
 
 Wounded. — E. T. Steadman. 
 
 Co. I.— Wounded— J. M. iftnks, D. N. McLane, F. M. Williams, 
 G. M. Weather head. 
 
 Co. K.— Killed— Jas. Lane. Wounded— Corp'l 0. W. Finley, 
 C. F. McMahan. 
 
 Co. L.— Wounded— Capt. W. A. Bedell, Corp'l R S. Robinson- 
 
 Total killed, 6j wounded, 18. * 
 
 SECOND MANASSAS. 
 
 Staff. — Killed — Sergeant-Major A. II. Morten. 
 
 Wounded. — Adjutant A. D. Forsyth. 
 
 Co. A. — Wounded — Hugh Dougherty, E. P. Derrick. 
 
 Co. B. — Wounded — J. P. Stevens. 
 
 Co. C— Killed— Edward Ashley, W. II. Vinson. 
 
 Co. I).— Wounded— A. Miles. 
 
 Co. E.— Killed— Corp'l. R. B. Stephens, D. M. Walker. 
 
 Wounded.— Serg't Thos. Steel, J. W. Webb. 
 
 Co. F.— Killed— Serg't A. M. West. 
 
 Wounded. — J. W. Pool, George Cryter. 
 
 Co. (}. — Wounded— Corp'l Scin Black. 
 
 Co. II.— Killed— J. M. Steincipher, T. R. Oldham. 
 
 Wounded. — T. E. Lides, G. A. Graham, J. C. Hollingswortb, 
 W. N. IIa}*ncs. 
 
 Co. I.— Killed— P. F. Renfro. 
 
 Wounded. — J. M. Corley. 
 
 Co. .L— Wounded— Lieut. J. M. Baldwin, SeTg't W. P. Ran* 
 dall, E. C. McCorquodall. 
 
 Co. M— Killed— Willis T. Redden. Total killed, 10; wounded, 18. 
 
 SHARPSBURG. 
 
 Staff. — Killed — Major Matt. 1 ! 
 
 Wounded — Adjutant W. Shropshire. 
 
 Co. A. Wounded.— Capt. G. T. Todd, S,«!fcH J. 0. Hill, C. D. 
 
142 LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 
 
 Jones, B. R. Lane, G. W. Armstrong, G. E. Brewer, Green Ba- 
 ker, E. P. Demick, C. J. Epperson, W. F. McLindon, J. R. Maloue, 
 W. Whitaker. 
 Co. B.— Killed— M. B. Anderson. S. G. McGec. 
 Wounded— Lieut. W. B. Shotweil, Serg't L. W. Butler, G. W. 
 Barefield, J. Victory, B. L. Boiling, R. R. Choote, G. II. Johnson, 
 W. 0. Pankey, S. J. Woodward, » 
 Co. C— Killed— Lieut. L. F. Hoffman. 
 
 Wounded — G. Gage, C. Watson, AY. S. Stamper, G. McMannus. 
 Co. D.— Killed— E. B. Brown, W. C. Jackson, A. P. Thenell, 
 W. R. Jackson. 
 
 Wounded— D. AY. Bartlett, J. D. Dickson, J. P. Dunklin, H. C. 
 McCoy, J. F. Miles, E. C. Powell, L. W. Thomas, J. P. Wood, W. 
 A. T. Oliver. 
 
 Co. E.— Killed— Corp'l H. E. Perry. Lieut. C. Perry. 
 Wounded— Lieut. B. W.Webb, Charles Woodson, Serg't J. W. 
 Smith, Serg't W.S.Brazill, J. D. Campbell, R. S. Clark, C. W. Fields, 
 M. Oillett, G. F. Heard, J. II. Hendricks, R. J. Marshall. E. C. Per- 
 ry, S. F. Perry, Y. AY. Wiliingham, S. G. Watson. 
 Co. F— Killed— Lieut.' J. P. Runnels, 0. Phelps. 
 Wounded — Capt. S. A. Wilson, Serg't J. E. Ferryman, Serg't 
 S. G. Hanks, Wm. Holmes, S. Englekihg, Win. Scott. 
 
 Co. G.— Killed— B. A. Ilallum, C. K. McFarland, Smith Bot- 
 tcrms, M. M. File-, R. Butler, A. J. Posey, A. M. Matthews. 
 
 Wounded.— Lieut. E. S. Jamison, J. M. Corder, T. J. Watts, T. 
 J. Rose, M. J. Ashley, Z. A. Caully, James Ward, M. Knox, Jas. 
 Matthews, S. D. Blackshere. 
 
 Co. II.— Killed— A. A. Terson, W. Ilollingsworth. J. G. Tep- 
 pens. 
 
 Wounded.— J. II. Marshall, J. A. Counts, G. AY. Culpepper. C. 
 S. Bolton, E. F. Ezell, L. L. Evans, J. R. Jones, AY. G. Hickman, 
 J. M. Harrington, A. C. Strother, AY. L. Williams, J. C. llollings- 
 worth, J. C. King. 
 
 Co. I— Killed— S. J. Cook, L. J. Fitts, AY. M. Bayrue, A. A. 
 Cnngleton, D. II. Hale, F. M. Box. 
 
 AYounded.— Capt. R. AY. Cotton, Serg't R. 0. Mitchell, Serg't A. 
 A. Aldrich, Corp'l W. D. Pritchard, AY. A. Homes, J. Rudicil, H. 
 C. Patrick, M. Youngblood, J: S. Harwell. M. Reeves, T. A. Boone. 
 
I 
 L2ST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 145 
 
 JSL M. Berryman, J. A. Sheridan. 
 
 Co. K — Killed. — Lieut. James Waterhouse, Lieut. S. F, Pat- 
 Son, J. M. Hail. 
 
 Wounded. — Capt. J. M. Massey, II. E. Mosley, 0. C. Hanks,. 
 W. W. Gray, S. M. Dury, J. C. Nobb, E. G. Miller, W. 0. Quran*, 
 J. M. Ruddle. 
 
 Co. .L— Killed— Lieut. J. C. S. Thomson, J. Frank. 
 
 Wounded.— Capt. W. A. Bedell, Serg't S. A. Uaipenter, Corp'i 
 W. Zimmer, R. Jacob*. f, J. Hanson, J. T. Blessing, II. Cohen, P. 
 Gillie, W. Hoskins, A. Jones, C. B. Hal leek, C. fl. Kmgsley, J. 
 Rouke, F. Sehwarting, J. M. Smith, II. Shukz, J. Albrook, W, 
 Leach, James Nagle, W. Young, Welch* 
 
 Co. M.— Killed— Serg't S. 1). Roach, T. J. Bowman, J. Boon, 
 W. L. Sting. 
 
 Wounded.— Capt. II. Ballenger, Lieut. T. P. Samford, J. E. 
 Stewart, J. T. Evans, A. Walters, James Basts, F. Pope, O. 
 McBride, R. 0. Bennett, James Day, Win. Townes, E. B. Barnes, 
 W. 0. Earnes, C. Murry, A. Carlton, M. A. Dunnan, John Lan- 
 caster, II. Sweet. Number killed, 08 ; wounded, LiC ; missing, 9. 
 
 Aggregate of men ht battle on the 17th of August, - - 22') 
 
 " " " uninjured, ----- ----- 4.; 
 
 " « " killed in all the battles. 74 
 
 " " " wounded " " «'-----_ 257 
 
 List of Casualties vn the 5th Texas Regiment in the different engage- 
 
 vients of the Campaign, as furnished by order <f Colonel J. I>. 
 Robertson, 
 
 GAINES' FARM. 
 
 Field and Staff. — Wounded — Colonel J. B. Robertson, Color* 
 Sergeant, G. Onderdonk. 
 
 Co. A. — Killed— Lieut. J. A. Clnte, George Dele 
 
 Wounded. — J. Ba : Jey, J. Robertson. 
 
 Co. B.— Killed— J. R. G nines. 
 
 Wounded. — P. Murphy, J. Carroll, E. Bescfc, John O'Nett, John 
 Smith, J. R. Ratigan, A. II. Coster, C. Lynch, Jacob II >hn. 
 
 Co. C— Killed— W. K. Williams. 
 
 Wounded.— M T. Welsh, S. L. Wallace E E. 1:. . W. 
 
 Irora, V, Y. DezelL 
 

 
 144 LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED, 
 
 Co. D.— Killed—A. D. Alston. 
 
 Wounded. — George Grant. 
 
 Co. E. — Killed — R. W. Pearson, Moses Ccoper, R. M. Ringgold. 
 
 Wounded— Lt. T. Nash, Serg't Norwood B. Smith, T. Coffield, 
 J. T. Dulaney, B. Eldridge, Jesse Lott, W. C. McCallister, F, 
 Meadows, D. D. Patrick, S. Watson, D. Batte. 
 
 Co. F— Killed— W. S. Hall, G. A. Woods. 
 
 Wounded.— J. V. Sloan, J. C. Ross, B. C. Brashear, E. R. 
 Moody, E. T. Tucker, G. W. Knapp. 
 
 Co. G. — Killed — J. J. Lawrence, Charles Ward. 
 
 Wounded.— T. E Bracken, D. H. Carson, W. V. L. Cooper, J. 
 A. Hoffman, J. H. Hawkins, C J Jackson, D. II. Mays, R. Nance, 
 J. Pool, J. Webb, Lieut. John Smith, 
 
 Co. II.— Wounded— II. Rose, T. Fitzgerald. 
 
 Cp. I.— Wounded— Capt. Clay, W. Waters L. Wells, J. Hallum 
 R. J. Ilaynes. 
 
 Co. K .— J. T. Baker, R. B. Collins, J. P. Smith, J. W. Peoples. 
 L. W. Wal drop. Total killed, 12 5 wounded, 62. 
 
 MALVERN HILL. 
 
 Co. B.— Killed— F. Keopke. 
 
 Co. D. — Wounded — Thomas Scott, H. R. Brown, 
 
 Co. E. — Killed — Joseph Sherman. 
 
 Wounded. — D. Batte, James Farmer. 
 
 Co. F. — Wounded — J. C. Tutt, John Muldoon, James Johnstons 
 
 Co. G.— Killed— S. W. Sharp. 
 
 Wounded. — R. Griffin. 
 
 Co. I.— Wounded— J. T. Cross. Total killed, 3; wounded, 9. 
 
 ' SECOND MANASSAS. 
 
 Field and Staff. — Killed — Lieut-Col. J. C. Upton. 
 
 Wounded. — Col. J. B. Robertson, Capt. Bryant, Acting Major; 
 Lieut. C. Wood, Acting Adjutant. 
 
 Co. A.— Wounded— 1st St, E A. Nobles, St. McMurtry, C'l B. C. 
 Simp-on, Corp'I J. if. Bell, John Heff, J. R. Patton, S. Bade}', D. 
 W. Walker, J. B. Young, A. Angel, 0. I). Mallory, John Delesde- 
 nier, William Keiley, John Massenburg, S. D. Ilewes, R Campbell, 
 C B. Oardner, James Stanger, John Morris, John Livert<>n 
 
. LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED: 145 
 
 ff 3 John Garrison, T. W. F*itfcgerald. 
 
 •? buck, CorpH A V 
 
 i,ns ' J ' Rl flu .) w 
 
 -.WPXclins, fl 
 Frcanor, JP? , y> 
 
 Co C-woum?e<l-C ;!1 >t J .1 M 
 Jnetft J Star, Serg't - ; 
 J T" Atkinson, J w ! It All.- 
 
 1) 
 
 ■\*olind< 
 bell., Ser^t I M Robirisott, Q £ : 
 
 pej, S J C Burton, J 
 
 M .kin, K J Page, EC Eluttn 
 
 w lo, J w Cotton. . t:)n . !> 
 
 (Jrimn, E Lochtnan, w < , J C II ill, 
 
 Kille ; -W I) Wyni 
 
 Killod - F, Moncreiff, N N Mullins, 
 
 Se] ' J Srni' 
 
 Dean, I' 
 
 , J El 
 nau M Lett, J f B M M 
 
 B Patrick", M Marshall, 
 
 >n. B T Toland, ' arap, J V 
 
 erby. 
 
 1 F— Killed— Corp'l H 15 Johnson, A 
 founded— Lieut 
 Ion. J F Chu 
 
 1. 
 10 
 
H0 LIST 01 CASUALTIES, OONTINt 'ED. 
 
 "bounded.— Serg't W. H. Tarver, J. Waller, A. J. Sperriil, D. 
 SJlielton, J. M. Stidham, Ed. Williams, J. E. Bryant, D. R. I 
 L. W. Caldwell, M. G. Garrett, G. T. Loir 3, E. McDon- 
 
 al 1, E. Pool, S. Richardson, S. W. "Walker, II. II. Wroe, J. Moore. 
 
 Co. II.— Killed Baines, . . J . Hall. 
 
 "Wounded. — Captain J. S. Cleveland, Lieut. Robertson, Lieute- 
 nant Stanley, Lieut. Spratt, Serg't Woodhace, Serg't Ross, Serg't 
 
 pp'l House, Corp'l Gorce, Bass, Barber, 
 
 Bell, Curry, Hemphill, Korgin,. Lee, Wal- 
 ters, ' Shields, Freeman, B. Grace, J. W. Grace, 
 
 net, Stevenson. ♦ 
 
 Co. I. — Wounded — Lieut. B. J. Franklin, Lieut. C. A. Graham^ 
 1st Serg't J. P. Drake, Corp'l W. D. Morgan, Corporal E. II. Mc- 
 Enight, D. B. Allen, W. G. Baldwin, W. R. Bui low, T. Bates, F f 
 Bettiss, J. W. Dallis, S. Driscoe, J. Dick, 11. Flemming, T. D. Har- 
 ris, W. Haley, W. R. McRee, W.V. Royston, D. II. Robertson, J. 
 Short, E. F. Spence, W. F. Thomas, C. D. Leonard, Wm. Short. 
 
 Co. K — Killed— Lieut. B. W. ' Henry. 
 
 Wounded. — Capt. John Turner, Lieut. Hubert, Lieut. Hurt, 
 Serg't Joe Turner, Serg't McKinnon, Serg't Meece, Corp'l Dates, 
 
 ''•orp'l Green, Corp'l Smith, '. Baker, A. Dunn, L. 
 
 B. Dorch, A." J. Easterling, J. P. Kale, J. T. McKee, J. M. Bowen, 
 •ne, D. A. Rovve, Wiley Stewart, W. J. Ward, T. C. Matthews, 
 J. McCoy. 
 
 Total killed, 15 j wounded, 240. 
 
 FREEMAN'S FORD. 
 
 Fiild OrFiciRi — wounded — Major Whaley ; died next day, 
 
 Co B— wounded— F Matthias, F R Harris, D Horley, T Roberts 
 
 Co C — wounded — John Haley 
 
 Co II — wounded — L B Hicks 
 
 Co I — wounded — J McRee 
 
 Co K — wounded — J Wilson, John Beard 
 
 Total wounded, 10 
 
 SHARPSBURG, Mn 
 
 Co A — wounded — D Dyer, Frank Kosse, A Wolfe, E Gregory, 
 N Stewart 
 
 Co B wounded A If Baker, W J Darden, D M McNillis, J 
 
LIST OF CASUALTIES, CONTINUED. 147 
 
 Kolbow, John Moviessey, W Hoffman, W Cherry, W 
 
 Co C wounded Lieut New, Lieut Boyd, S 't 
 
 Co.\ il Shilling;, J W Neighbors, E M Dizzell, R ' 
 
 , J M Copeland, Z Y Dizzell 
 Killed S Putle, T J Edwards 
 \\ tided F M Ridgeway, P G Williamson, J W F 
 berr, A Mr. 
 
 Killed RToland, J Hunt 
 \d H Allen, Thomas Mullins, John Hen-. 
 Lieutenant Norwood, F M Williamson, Thomas 
 i P wounded Lieut Strickland, T Taylor, II ', 
 i, P Buxton, Charles McCally, T McCall, Th< 
 wounded T Walker, Jas Pool, J A Jolley, J 
 o, L Miller, J Monroe, W Smith, Lieutenant Smith 
 it Killed William Houso 
 
 led D McDonald, J Shields, Wm IFo®d, J He: 
 ick, M M Templeman, M Ross, D G Martin 
 Co I wounded Lieut Drake, D Morgan, Serg't Park, 
 man, R Howl, John Howl, B Baker, Ed. Dunri 
 
 Co K wounded Lieutenant Alexander, R B Collins, • 
 ner, W D C Ilenly, II C Hirams, B C Hurbert, W B Sandal, W 
 Walker, J W Stevens Total killed, 5 ; wounded, 78, 
 Grand total killed, 35 ; wounded, 399. 
 
Headquarters 4th Tj 2 
 
 p 7 tli, 1862. \ 
 0. will make out for Chaplain N. 
 
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 order of 
 
 Lieut. Col. B. F. CARTJ 
 
 Commanding Kcg't. 
 F. L. Pi: ice, Adjutant. 
 
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MUSTER ROLL— CONTINUED. 151 
 
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MUSTER ROLL— COxN'i 
 
 157 
 
 R-eadale, J. B., - 
 
 . T., - - 
 .- 
 
 - - - 
 
 - - 
 
 , - - 
 
 Bmil - - 
 
 , - - 
 
 • - 
 
 - - 
 Tiliy, Kd. - - 
 Umh«r f>n, R W., 
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158 
 
 MUSTER ROLL— COXTLNTED. 
 
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 ■ - - 
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 mon, - - 
 
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 ir/i • - - 
 
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 lod, - - - 
 
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MUSTEK ROLL— CONTINUED, 
 
 159 
 
 CO. G. 
 
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 1. 
 
 Oth Scrg't B 
 
 1861. 
 
 Jr. 2d Lt. . ; 
 
 OrdiJr 
 
 n M Teh. 
 Chief 
 
 Died it, . . Nov., 1861 
 
 pital. 
 
 Discharge..!, Ju 
 
 Died in Hospital. 
 
 Id Hospital. 
 
 Died in Quarters. 
 
 Discharged in Febr 
 
 

 s • 
 
 
 - 
 
 1 
 
 - - 
 
 i 
 
 [.. - 
 
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 ■ !., - 
 
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 ' P P 
 
 
 Jr 24 Lt., July, 'OS. 
 
 k 
 
 ■ 
 
 p Hofep tal Attendant. 
 
 ! :il . 
 
 ; in Quarti 
 
 , 1861. 
 k 
 a 
 
 B 
 
 Diad in Quarters 
 
 Brigade Teamster. 
 
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 a a a 
 
 Died in IZospita*. 
 
 
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 y Q2. 
 
 H.,< 
 
 - - 
 
 h, - 
 
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 Di»c . * • July. 
 
 . 10, 1S65 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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MUSTER ROLL— CONTINUED. 
 
 161 
 
 King, Jno. IT., - - 
 LivingBton,]A., - - 
 Logging, J. C, - - 
 Moaring. Chas. G. - 
 McOowen, Joe. - - 
 Midkiffe, E. P., - - 
 McGregor, W. B., - 
 MoDaniel, B. IT., - 
 Patterson , SV. R., - 
 Quarlcs. Geo. 8., - 
 Reynolds, J. 8., - 
 Rowe, H. T., - - 
 Stacy, Jno. J., - - 
 Smith, W. IT., - - 
 Spencer, G. \,\, - 
 Tidwoll, W. G., - 
 Wilson, Walter, - 
 Wallingford, T. G., 
 Williams, IT. F., - 
 
 Webb, F. X., 
 
 Soott. J. B., - - - 
 
 P 
 
 P 
 
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 a 
 
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 a a 
 
 a M 
 
 a p 
 
 a a 
 
 P P 
 
 a p 
 
 a u 
 
 a a 
 
 a p 
 
 a p 
 
 a p 
 
 a a 
 
 a a 
 
 Discharged in August 
 P P 
 P P 
 p p Corporal, October, 1862. 
 
 P P 
 a a 
 
 Discharged in Jane. 
 Died in Hospitul. 
 s a 
 
 P « 
 
 a a 
 
 P P 
 
 a a 
 
 a a 
 
 a a 
 
 w a 
 
 P P 
 
 a a 
 
 a a 
 
 p Arrived May 10th, 1862. 
 a 
 
 Died in Hospital. 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 P 
 
 a 
 a 
 
 CO. JX 
 
 Oapt. J. J. Porter, 
 1st Lieut. J. T. Hunter 
 2d " B. Randolph, 
 Lieut. C. E. Jones, 
 " M. C. Ilol.nes, 
 rt Ben. Reynolds 
 1st Serg't N. A. Myer, 
 3d " ' T.G. Wilkes 
 Sd u G. A. Wynne 
 5th •< R. L. Tyler, i 
 l«t Gop'l C. M. Conrow 
 2d «♦ II. T. 8app, 
 3d * Za^h. Landrum 
 4th F. H. Wade, - - 
 2d Serg't G. W. Kipp- 
 8d " R. J. Tedford 
 4lh " J. G. Cartwright. 
 5ih " Tnomas Dillard 
 IstOorp'IB. F.Bulloch 
 Id " W. C. Kerr, 
 Sd " J. I. Smith, 
 4th n J. Connally, 
 Allon, B. II , . - 
 Anders, B., - - - 
 Barzo, II., - - - 
 Brent, T. A., - . 
 Bryant, — -. - - 
 MoDaniel, Y L., - 
 Jett, J. R. P., - - 
 Bell, O. W., - - - 
 Copelana, W. E., 
 Cartwright, L. O , 
 Chilton, P. B , • - 
 Clepper, L.,- - • 
 Coodo, Wm.-, - - 
 Dawson, R. C, - 
 Dale, G. W., - - 
 Dowdy, O , - - - 
 Ellis, J., .... 
 Fox, R., - - - •- 
 Faulkner, A., • - 
 Farrow, H. W., - 
 
 P 
 P 
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 8 
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 Died from wound* at Gaines' 
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 ass ■ ■ Elected Lieut. Oct. 7th, '62. 
 
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 MUSTER ROLL— CONTINUED. 
 
 n»it, j. it 
 
 Kma. H. P., - - 
 
 Keyscr, 11.,. . 
 
 Kcrby, B„ . . . 
 
 Lewis, J. L., . . 
 
 Lemon, J. W., 
 
 Landrum, W. J., . 
 
 Lewis, O. A., . . 
 
 Lowns, J., . ■ . 
 
 Lavaniuer, L.,. . 
 
 Long, J.,. . . . 
 
 Mitchell, , . . 
 
 May, W. C , . . 
 
 May, R. M., , . 
 
 Collier, A., . . . 
 
 May, Thurnas, . . 
 
 May, D. G,. . . 
 
 McCowan, A. J., . 
 
 Myers, M. F., . . 
 
 Parker, W. A., . 
 
 Pet y, Thomas, . 
 
 Rankin, R., . . . 
 
 Sharp, J . II., . . 
 
 gavage, Ed.., . . 
 
 8#ay, A. B, . . . 
 
 Seargeant, Thomas, 
 
 Seargeant: James, 
 
 Stewart, R. H., 
 
 Stewart, J. E., 
 
 Smith, John, . 
 
 Stratton. R. R , 
 
 Stucy, Matt., . 
 
 Stucey, J , . . 
 Spivey, J. S. t . 
 Tucker, D. J., . 
 Talliaferro, J., . 
 Taylor, C. L., . 
 Taylor, Alexander 
 T»lley, R., . . 
 Talley, J. C, . 
 Travis, I I ., . . 
 Watson, W*. A., 
 Watnon, II. C, 
 Waltrip.C. M., 
 Wynne, 8. "W., 
 Wynne, T. A., 
 Wilkes, B. B., 
 Martin, \V r ., . . 
 Ran com, R. W., 
 Olllam, J. n., . 
 Novi's, D. E., . 
 f Gaflord, R., . . 
 BundorBjC. B., 
 Lewis, William, 
 Holt, AC, . . 
 
 8«i*ley It, . . 
 dmotnison, T J 
 M)(is, T J, . . 
 
 Leuoh, . . . 
 
 Oathey, BU, . 
 
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MUSTER ItOLL-^CONTINUED. 
 
 105 
 
 Oarguilo, W A, , , , 
 Cox, KM,,, , , , 
 Champion, LD, , , 
 Campbell, A, , , , 
 Campbell, J E, , , , 
 Campbell, J M. , , , 
 Glanahun, WE,, , , 
 Chapman, M, , , , , 
 Chapman, J, , , , , 
 Carter, Ilu/h, , , , , 
 Derden, W L, , , , , 
 Elleilge, II I>, , , , , 
 Ellodge, J F, , , , , 
 Edwards, W L, , , 
 Forester, Joel, , , , , 
 Forester, Thomas,' , , 
 Green, J J., , , t , [ 
 Green, D< N , , , , , 
 Guthrie, L J, , , , , 
 Gibbon, .) F, , , , , , 
 Guiger, John K, , , 
 Godwin, Wesley, , , , 
 Hodge, Mil, , , , , , 
 llobyo >«1, T J, , . , 
 Higl.t.FM, , , , , i 
 Heard, J i), , , , , , 
 Hamby, John, , , , 
 Hilliard, K O. , , , 
 Holland, KM,,,, 
 Tsaackb William fl, , 
 Kiiubrongh, J 11, , 
 Loop, G It, , , , . 
 Larue, A J, , , , , 
 Lemox, AC, , ,- , 
 McCull, J C, , , , , 
 McNeeley, T G, , , 
 Martin, li B, , , , , 
 Martin, Alfred, , , , 
 Martin. Henry, , ,■ , 
 Norvell, Robert, , , 
 Owen, ti T, , , , , 
 Ow.ui, J 1>, , , , , 
 t iwcn, ii 'Trice, , , , 
 Paul, It II. , , , , , 
 i'.utiil..'. B A, , , , 
 Pickoriug, Janiea,^, 
 Price, Ruc8o!l, , , , 
 Price, \V It, , , , , 
 Phillip*, II, , , , , 
 Palrr, W R, ,_. , , 
 Richarkson, \v fa., , 
 Ittae, Joliu, , , , , 
 RounsavaM, i.inn'H A, 
 Hounstivall 1 M, , , 
 Roger*, A 11, , , , 
 Rogers, B H. , , , , 
 
 itUttllltlL', J II, , , , 
 
 Ross, 0,, . , , 
 
 Redmoii, It, , , , , 
 
 Bwlndlo. .1 M, , . , 
 
 Hmitli V d, , , , , 
 
 Tubba, l.'oiMiit, , , , 
 
 Wilton, W T, , , , 
 
 Weloensco, UP. , , 
 
 Wlnt ik.,, W F, , , 
 
 Williams, K J, , , , 
 Wlgglngtnn, William, 
 
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 ,2 4 198 
 
 •I 
 
 
 77 
 
 4 
 
 UL Wounded " 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Introduction, ------_._ "j 
 
 Campaign, - - - - • - _ _ - - . .'4 
 
 Departure from Texas, - - - - - g 
 
 Bad Treatment, - - - -. - _ . -9 
 
 Camp Texas — Organization, - - - . . ■ . -.-10 
 Removal to the Potomac, - - -'.'., . -20 
 Evacuation of the Potomac, - - - - - - - 2A 
 
 Evacuation of the Peninsula, -. - - - - - 30 
 
 Battle of Eltham's Landing, - - - - - - 3fl 
 
 'jallantrj of First Texas, - - - - - - . - 33 
 
 Indian Warrior, -'- _ -34 
 
 Enemy's Loss, »'■'■'- -35 
 
 Importance of the Battle, - - - -- - -38 
 
 Brigado Quts Dirt, While the Yankees Dig, - - -. 3ft 
 
 Preparation for the March — Again, 3B 
 
 Battle of Seven Pines, - , - - ~ - - - - 38 
 
 ilow the Rebels Fight, - _ _ . . - 39 
 
 Ho ! for Stonewall Jackson, - - - - - - - 42 
 
 Description of the Field and Plan of Attack, - - - 44 
 Battle of Mechanicsville, - ... .. . - 43 
 
 .Line of Battle, --------- 4fl 
 
 G.ittlo of Gaines' Farm, - - - - - 4C 
 
 Ofliccrs Statement, - - ■ - - - - 47 
 
 Wauzee's Letter, - - - - - - - 43 
 
 Ohickahominy's Letter, - - - - - --50 
 
 View of the liattle Field. - - 58 
 
 Battle nt Savage's Station, 60 
 
 Battle of Frazcr's Farm, -"-„ _ _ . -6) 
 " Malvern Hill. - ' - . . . . . C 
 
INDEX. 167 
 
 Pursuit to Wcstover, and Return to Richmond, - - -64 
 McClcllan's Fourth of July Address, -*-... 04 
 
 General Lee to his Soldiers, - 65 
 
 Had Reflections, - - 67 
 
 Hospitals, ----'--- -..£g 
 Ladies j©f Richmond, ----.---69 
 Cedar Mountain, --------.73 
 
 Battle of Freeman's Ford, - 73 
 
 Passage of Thoroughfare Gap, 74 
 
 Advance to Manasssas, -.-----. 74 
 
 The Present and Past, 75 
 
 Second Day's Battle, 77 
 
 Second Great Victory at Manassas, 78 
 
 Hood's Division, ---- a/) 
 
 Fourth Texas Captures a Battery, - -• - - 61 
 
 Chapter of Misfortunes, - - • • Hfl 
 
 Maryland Campaign, - i ------ #y 
 
 Engagement of Boonsboro Gap, 88 
 
 Sharpsburg, - _ - - H3 
 
 Ilood Sends for Aid, ---91 
 
 Evacuation of Maryland, -..--.. 03 
 Hospital Arrangements, - - 93 
 
 A Stroll_Over the Field, - - , ^"^V^- 94 
 
 Visit to 'the Camp, . - ' - - - , - - ■ -90 
 &Jvb„, ----- - 97 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Carter's Letter, to Governor Lubbock, - 98 
 
 Hood's Address, 100 
 
 MtClellan Attempts another u On to Richmond," • - - 101 
 
 McClcllan's Removal, - 103 
 
 Battlo of Fredericksburg, ------ 103 
 
 By What Name shall we call them, ■ - - - 10 J 
 
 Biographic Sketches of General Uood and Staff, - - -109 
 General Leo's Letter to General Wigfall, - - - -I 14 
 
 Major W. II. Sellers, A. A. G., - - - • 111 
 
 Captain James Hamilton, A. 1). 0., - 
 
 Major G. U. Blanton, A. I. CL, - " 
 
 Lieutenant D. H. Sublett, O. O., IM 
 
 Colonel John Marshall, - lla 
 
INDE.V 
 
 I ,«i»r -..ni fVlmel Tt. Warwick, - - - UjL 
 
 I - -«i|u -r-General J. B. Robertson, - - 115 
 
 fl. <•. Jims and the Brass-Band, .--..- 11$ 
 \ mprcred Condition of the Hospitals, - - -12V 
 
 Contributions, - - 129 
 
 Conclusion, - .... . Jul 
 
 Aprculh - - * 136 
 
 Hampton Legion, ■ - - * 136 
 
 Otstt&ltiep of the Eighteenth Gcorgiiv, - * 136 
 
 « " " First Texas, 139 
 
 « •« Fifth K .,.-■•."- 143 
 
 Muster KoU of the Fourth Texas; - - - - - 149 
 
MUSTER ROLI^CONTINUED. 
 
 ltZ 
 
 Hatoh, LB,. 
 Morr'M, A. . . 
 Howard, O, . . 
 Howard, N, . . 
 Reward, J, . . 
 Baecomb, O F, 
 Farrow, 1>, . . 
 R'H'orB, J F, , 
 Wallnoo, J, . . 
 tianderlin. J. . 
 Mathowa, T It, 
 Th Ik pen, E<1, . 
 TJur pon, <i, . . 
 jveyaor, (I,W, 
 Walker, J no, . 
 Wynne, A J, . 
 I/ickland, H M, 
 Millican, Wm, 
 Mctfraw, Wiu, 
 Thomas, J,. . . 
 Finley, Howard, . 
 Rook, Jacob. . . 
 fVucock, William, 
 
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 •d 
 
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 •d 
 
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 •d 
 
 ♦d 
 
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 Date of the follow1i>» ./.*• 
 charge* not ri-moni'. 
 
 • Detached Mer-h, 1M11 
 Detached Service. 
 Dntaohed Service. 
 
 Duiached riorvic* 
 
 00. L 
 
 Cnpt. O. M. Winkler, . 
 lei lit. J. Ix>iitfhridgo 
 2d u Mat Beantoy, . . 
 2d u N.J. Mills. . . 
 iHt Sorg't J. W. Duren 
 2d " B. M. Biggs, 
 3d " T. It. Morris a 
 4th u B. II. Terrell a 
 5th " J. D.Caddoll.p 
 1st CI J. B. Danham, . n 
 2d " It. O. Holla way U 
 3d " J;»s. Untntlton 
 4th »« J. A. Fostor, 
 Aftlin, ,T II.: 
 
 Armstrong, It. 0., 
 Allen, W. B . . 
 Boaaloy, J. It, . 
 Bnrry, s±„ . . 
 Barry, A., . . . 
 
 ttlAWHtri, A. J., . 
 
 Biles, w. II., . . 
 Hoynton, O. B., 
 Hyns A J., 
 Black,.), It, . 
 Black, II. P., . 
 Crabb, li. 8., . . 
 Cr»btr*x<, J. W... 
 Crawford. It w\, 
 C'arrull, W. K., . 
 Childress. B. P., . 
 Dillaid, F. P., . . 
 
 roster, O. w., . 
 
 Faster, M. L , . 
 Franklin, JnflMft, 
 Fatfnn, J. Q.. . . 
 Fuller, W. W, 
 Puller, .) i 
 Fondron, W. A., . 
 Fortsun, J, It., . 
 Garner, K. U , . 
 Ofmo, J, T . 
 
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1G4 
 
 MUSTER ROLL— CONTINUED. 
 
 Green, John, . . 
 Gregory, R., . . 
 Gregory, John, . 
 Harmon, H. H , . 
 Harrison, J. J., . 
 1HI1, Jack, . . . 
 
 Hill, J. TI 
 
 Holdaman, J \V., 
 liberie, 'James, . . 
 Herbert, J. H 
 H'-mlrrson, G. W., 
 Harris, J. Q, . . 
 Hamilton, J. L., . 
 Jackson, W. G., . 
 Jefl'orson, W. R., 
 Jordaq, J. C., . 
 Killian, H. L. W., 
 Kenndey, Thomas, 
 Ijemmon, A. M t 
 Lummons, J. M., 
 Miller, R. 8.. . . 
 Ma&sey, J. H., . 
 Melton, J. JK., . . 
 MoMorrle, J. M„ 
 Piatt, W. G., «T ! 
 Pickett, John, . 
 Polk, J. M ' . 
 Orendoff, J. H., . 
 Rice, L. W., . . 
 Rico, R. N., . . 
 Rico, J. L., . . 
 Rmkiu, M. D. L., 
 Simmons, J. W., 
 Smith, P. . . ; 
 Smith, W. T., . . 
 Braith, W. G., . 
 Spence, ft". P., . 
 RfHrions, K. G., 
 Shaw, J. R.. . . 
 Tenipletoti, Willlnm 
 Temploton, M. B., 
 Treadweii, J. H., 
 Ulzman, J. L., . 
 Wado, tfc. II , . . 
 We.''. H . . 
 
 Welch., J.O.J. . 
 
 Walk*!, J. G\, . 
 Walkir, II E., . 
 Waters, Kzcktel, . 
 Warren, B , . , 
 
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 1st Lt John P BnrreeB a p w a a 
 
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 Andlnjr, John, 
 Allen, J M, , 
 Allen, JW,, , 
 Antle, Milton, 
 Ball, BL, ' 
 Hnrham, C J, , 
 Boh-p, Axom. , 
 Bradley, J h T, 
 Buker. Joseph, 
 Boyd, James, , 
 Bartke, TC., , 
 Brown. W B r . 
 
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 Died In Hospital, 
 
 Died of wounds received 
 Yorfctown. 
 
 Pioneer.