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THE 
 
 p 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE, 
 
 CONTAINING THE 
 
 TBiStoii) anti Antiquities 
 
 OF TIIE CITY, 
 
 AND OTHER INTERESTING OBJECTS OF CURIOSITY, 
 
 A DESCRIPTION OF THE 
 
 CATHEDRAL AND STS MONUMENTS 
 
 AND OF 
 
 THE MINOR CHURCHES, 
 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE 
 
 ANTIQUITIES AND GENTLEMENS’ SEATS 
 
 IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD 
 
 BY' RICHARD DALLY. 
 
 ©fwtlESter: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY P. BINSTEAD, NEAR THE CROSS, 
 
 Printed by ./. Hackman , Tower Street. 
 
 M DCCt'XXXt. 
 
ERRATA ET ADDENDA. 
 
 ige 30 line 4 n. for east end read west end. 
 
 31 After tlie Lord High Steward, in the list of Municipal 
 
 Officers, add THE MAYOR. 
 
 32 Michaelmas Fair —for October 20 read October 11. 
 
 72 for Four Lay Clerks, read. Six Lay Clerks. 
 
 THE TOWER. 
 
 This very heavy and sombre looking structure, situate on the 
 irth side of the west end of the Cathedral, was erected for re- 
 ;iving the bells, formerly placed in the tower of the spire, and 
 hich were removed thence in consequence of the injury the ring- 
 ,g of them occasioned to the latter. 
 
 The Tower was formerly called Ryman’s Tower, from a tra- 
 tion that it was erected, by Bishop Langton, with certain stones 
 arc based of one William Ryman, who intended to have built a 
 astle at Appledram, near Chichester, but was prevented from 
 i doing, by the refusal of the king (Edward II.) to grant him a 
 cense for that purpose. 
 
v&ll 
 
 DH7C 
 
 TO 
 
 THE MOST NOBLE 
 
 CHARLES, 
 
 DUKE OF RICHMOND, 
 
 LENNOX AND AUBIGNY, 
 
 1&ntgf)t of Uje JiHost Noble Ovbcr of tfje barter, 
 
 LORD HIGH-STEWARD OF CHICHESTER, 
 
 Post-Master General of England and Ireland, 
 
 Hie. &c. &c. 
 
 THIS WORK, 
 
 IS 
 
 WITH HIS GRACE’S PERMISSION, 
 
 MOST RESPECTFULLY AND HUMBLY DEDICATED, 
 
 BY HIS GRATEFUL 
 AND OBLIGED SERVANT, 
 
 RICHARD DALLY. 
 
 Bognor, July, 1831. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PART THE FIRST. 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 Ancient History. 1—8 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 Anglo-Saxon Period. 8—12 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 From the Conquest by William the Norman to the Siege of Chichester by 
 the Parliamentary Forces in the Reign of Charles 1 . 12 — 19 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 Guildhall—Saint Mary's Hospital—Ancient Crypt near Gilden-hall— 
 Canon-Gate—Precentor’s House — The Cross — Whitby’s School—Coun¬ 
 
 cil Chamber and Assembly Room — Canal—River Lavant .... 19 — 30 
 CHAP. V. 
 
 Schools — Infirmary — Municipal Government — Miscellaneous Notices — 
 Literary and Philosophical Society . 30— 33 
 
 PART THE SECOND. 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 The Cathedral , <y-c. 
 
 The Cathedral —Tombs, Monuments, &c.—Choir—Chapel of Our Lady— 
 Ancient Leaden Cross — The Pope’s Absolution of Bishop Godfrey—An 
 liquifies in the Library — Duke of Richmond’s Vault—Measurement of 
 the Cathedral—Modern discoveries by the late improvements—The 
 Cloisters—Chillingworth, and disgraceful scene at his burial — List of 
 Persons attached to the Cathedral—Bishop’s Palace—Dcanry—Houses 
 of the Canons—Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction—Vicars Choral .35—78 
 
VI 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 The Minor Churches, 4'C. 
 
 Subdeanry — St. Andrew — St. Olave—St. Peter the Less-The Pallant St. 
 Pancras — St Bartholomew — St. John’s—Dissenting- Chapels—Benefac¬ 
 tions to the City — Natural History — Population—Poll at the Chichester 
 Election in 1831. 78—90 
 
 PART THE THIRD. 
 
 Biographical Notices of Eminent Men. 
 
 Juxon—Cawley — Oliver Whitby — Sir Richard Farrington—Collins—The 
 Three Smiths—Hayley, and the Epitaph on his Tomb by Mrs. Opie—Dr. 
 Bayly—Charles Crocker.90—102 
 
 PART THE FOURTH. 
 
 The Antiquities and Mansions in the Neighbourhood. 
 
 King-shame — The Alms-house—Hospital of St. James—West-Hampnett — 
 Goodwood—Halnaker—Westdean House — Cowdray Ruins—Bosham —- 
 East and West Ashling, Funtington, &c. — West Stoke—Kingley Bot¬ 
 tom, &c . 103 — 122 
 
THE 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 ANCIENT HISTORY. — ROMAN PERIOD. 
 
 Before the invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar, and 
 the subsequent conquest of its southern parts by Ves¬ 
 pasian, the tract of country comprehending - Sussex, 
 Surrey, and part of the coast of Hants, was inhabited 
 by people called Regni and Belgae. The former are 
 said to have been a tribe of ancient Britons, and the 
 Belgae were a people of ancient Gaul, (Gallia Belgica,) 
 who crossed the strait that separated them from Britain, 
 and dispersed themselves through the southern shores 
 of the kingdom. The Regni continued to possess alt 
 Sussex up to the period of the Roman invasion. 
 
 Vespasian, the Roman leader under Claudius, first 
 planted the imperial standard in the Isle of Wight; and 
 it is reasonable to suppose that the contiguous districts 
 soon became subject to the conqueror, who is said to 
 have been successful in thirty pitched battles, and to 
 have conquered two powerful nations.* 
 
 Tacitus Hist. Lib. 3. cap. xliv. Suetonius in Vit. Vesp. cap. tv 
 
2 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 It was the general practice of the Romans to leave thd 
 religion and the laws of the countries they subdued un¬ 
 infringed, and to respect their civil rights ; or if any 
 alterations were made in the one or the other, it was by 
 the introduction of institutions that had a tendency to 
 extend the comforts and increase the happiness of life.* 
 Amongst the British chiefs at the period of the subju¬ 
 gation of the country by Vespasian, was one named 
 Cogi, who, in consequence of his having assisted in the 
 conquest of the districts occupied by the Dobuni, a peo¬ 
 ple inhabiting Gloucestershire and Oxfordshire, was 
 named Cogidobunus ; and to him Claudius gave, in re¬ 
 ward for his services, several cities of the Belgae and 
 Regni, out of which he formed himself a kingdom; but 
 with this restriction that it should be governed by the 
 Roman Iaws;f and this chief is said to have been the 
 founder of the city of Regnum, now called Chichester, 
 and to have made it the seat of his regal government.;*; 
 
 It is, however, proper to mention, that antiquarians 
 have doubted whether Chichester be the ancient Reg¬ 
 num. This, however, is clear, that Richard of Ciren¬ 
 cester, the learned monk, or as he is called by the an¬ 
 cient annalists, Ricardus Coriniensis, applies Regentinm 
 to Sussex ; and as it is certain that the Regni occupied 
 Sussex, it is fair to conclude that the Romans, upon their 
 determining to civilize the country, and annex it as a 
 
 * Advert to the conduct of Agricola during his residence in Britain. 
 Tacit, in Vit. Agricol. cap. xxi. 
 
 -f- A.M. 4052. “ Cogidubno qua>dam urbes apud Belg'as concessae sunt 
 ut inde sibi conderet Regnum.” Richard of Cirencester, lib. 2. c. i. Quoted 
 by Dallawav, Vrelim. Hist. iv. 
 
 t Ibid 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 3 
 
 province to the Roman empire, should form a military 
 settlement at or near Chichester, and designate it “ Reg- 
 num.” In what state the city was during its occupation 
 by the Romans, no conclusive evidence can be obtained. 
 The probability is that the houses were constructed of 
 timber, and thatched with straw or reeds.* But the 
 position of the principal streets, as answering to the four 
 cardinal points of the compass, and more particularly 
 the materials and fragments of the walls, and the defences 
 of the town by ramparts, formed of mounds or banks of 
 earth, parts of which still remain, and defended by 
 towers long since demolished, are evident marks of 
 Roman origin. 
 
 That the arts were cultivated in the city during its 
 occupation by the Romans, is evident by the discovery 
 about the year 1723, of a stone tablet which had been 
 placed on a temple erected in honour of Claudius, 
 by a company of Roman artificers. This discovery 
 was made by the workmen, whilst digging to lay the 
 
 * In the more northern parts of ancient Britain, the natives appear to 
 have been in the same savage state as the Caft'res and other tribes of in¬ 
 terior Africa. Their clothing, when they wore any, consisted of skins; 
 they stained their bodies with paint or ochre, and often marked them with 
 figures, something in the way of the South Sea tattoing. They lived iu 
 circular huts, nearly in the shape of bee hives, like those of the native 
 Africans. To construct a hut they dug a round hole in the ground, and 
 with the earth and stones, cast out iu digging, made a kind of wall which 
 was surmounted with boughs of trees meeting together at the top to form 
 a sort of roof, over which there might be a covering of sods to keep out 
 the rain, a hole being left on one side to serve the triple purpose of a door, 
 a window, and a chimney. The fire was placed in the centre of the floor, 
 and the rude inhabitants sat or lay on the ground. In such wretched 
 hovels large families of men, women and children would be promiscuously 
 huddled together, and this mode of life might give rise to the statements 
 of Caesar and Dion Cassius, that among the Britons it was customary for 
 every ten or twelve men, anil these the nearest relations, to have their 
 wives in common. 
 
4 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 foundations of the present Council Chamber in the 
 North Street, where were also vestiges of ancient walls, 
 sufficient to designate it as the scite of the temple. 
 Unfortunately the workmen fractured the stone, but the 
 fragments being collected together, the following in¬ 
 scription, with the help of a few’ words to supply such 
 parts as had been mutilated or destroyed, were made to 
 appear. 
 
 NEPTUNO ET MINERVA 
 TEMPLUM 
 
 PRO SALUTE DOMUS DIVIN.E 
 EX AUCTORITATE IMP. TI. CLAUD. 
 
 ET COGIDUBNI REGIS LEGAL IN BRIT.* 
 COLLEGIUM FABROR. ET QUI IN EO 
 ET SACRIS VEL HONORATI SUNT DE SUOf 
 DEDICAVERUNT DONANTE AREAM 
 PUDENTE PUDENTINI FIL. £ 
 
 Claudius, on his return to Rome, from his successful 
 expedition to Britain, w as decreed a triumph for having' 
 conquered the sea, that is, having crossed it from Gaul 
 to Britain. The dedication, therefore, of the temple to 
 Neptune, the god of the sea, and Minerva, the goddess 
 of wisdom for suggesting the conquest, was exti'emely 
 appropriate on this occasion. 
 
 The discovery of this temple occasioned much discus- 
 
 * Some read this line thus, “ Et Cogidubni Regis Legati Tiberii. Aug-, 
 in Brit.” Others thus, “ Regis magni Brittanorum,” which cannot be 
 maintained. 
 
 -f- One author gives this line thus, “ A. S. sunt D. S. D. Donante Aream.” 
 The curious antiquary may refer to the stone itself at Goodwood. 
 
 J “ The College of Artificers, and they who preside over sacred rites, or 
 are honoured of them, by the authority of the Emperor Tiberius Claudius, 
 and of his Viceroy in Britain, Cogidnbnus, have dedicated this Temple to 
 Neptune and Minerva, on account of the preservation of the Imperial 
 family; Pudens,the son of Pudentinus, giving the ground.” 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 5 
 
 sion amongst the antiquarians of the day ; and a parti¬ 
 cular account of it may be found in No. 379 of the Phi¬ 
 losophical Transactions, and in Sin help’s Itinerary, 
 plate xlix. 
 
 The stone is about four feet in length and three in 
 breadth, and is now placed in a temple at Goodwood, 
 erected for the purpose, with a bust of Cogidubnus over 
 the centre. 
 
 In digging a cellar, some years ago, in the East Street, 
 at the corner of St. Martin’s Lane, another stone was 
 found, containing the following inscription, the letters 
 being the same size as the former, and beautifully cut.* 
 
 NERONI 
 
 CLAUDIO DIVI CLAUDII 
 AUG. F. GERMANICI 
 C.ES. NEPOTI TI. C.ES. 
 
 AUG. PRONEPOTI DIV. AUG. 
 
 ABNEPOTI CJESARI AUG. GERM. 
 
 R.R.P. IV. IMP. V. COS. IV. 
 
 SOLVI CURAVIT VOTUM MERITO. 
 
 About the same year (1823) in digginga cellar under 
 the foot-pavement of a house in the North Street, near 
 the Cross, adjoining the Little Anchor Inn, and which 
 u as probably the corner of the street, a votive altar M as 
 discovered, having the following inscription. 
 
 GENIO S. 
 
 LUCULLUS. 
 
 AMMINI FIL. 
 
 D. P. 
 
 “ Lucullus, the son of Amminius dedicated this publicly 
 to the Genius of the place.” 
 
 II is remarkable that both tablets were found at the corners of streets 
 
(i 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Or if the first line, which is partly obliterated, may be 
 supplied with an L, it might be rendered thus : 
 
 “ Lucullus, the son of Amminius, dedicated this Altar 
 -to his good Genius.” 
 
 A beautifully poetic idea, and well suited to the senti¬ 
 ments of the age. 
 
 Lucullus was lieutenant-general of Brilain, and co¬ 
 temporary with Agricola, who obtained the government 
 of this country in the reign of Vespasian, (about the 
 year 47), and on the death of Agricola succeeded him 
 in that office. This stone is also in the possession of the 
 Duke of Richmond. 
 
 On the removal of a part of the wall near the east en¬ 
 trance of the city, and near to one of the ton ers, which 
 at that place formed part of the ramparts of the town, 
 some large stones were discovered, and on one of them, 
 which was broken in pieces by the workmen, and in¬ 
 tended to have been used in some building on the spot, 
 the following letters were discovered. 
 
 M 
 
 N V S A T 
 1 R I V S 
 L X X X V 
 
 It has been conjectured that the following might have 
 been the original reading. 
 
 D. M. 
 
 PAVLINVS ET 
 IRIVS 
 
 V I X AN. L X X X V. 
 
 And that the stone was a monumental one of some emi¬ 
 nent Roman, and might be rendered thus, 
 
 “ Sacred to the Gods ! Paulinus Attrarius lived eighty- 
 five years.” 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 7 
 
 To which is to be added, that the Romans usually in¬ 
 terred by the side of a public way, where this monu¬ 
 ment was located. 
 
 In addition to these facts, tending - to show the occu¬ 
 pation of the city by the Romans, it appears that when 
 the episcopal house in 1727 was partly rebuilt, several 
 vestiges of rooms with tessera and coins w ere dug up, 
 and a tessellated pavement w as found, the latter of w hich 
 now lying about twenty feet from the south-east angle 
 of the west wing of the house, at the depth of three feet, 
 was immediately covered over with turf. The coins 
 mentioned below, with many others, have also been 
 found within the circuit of the ancient Regnum.* 
 
 From Cogidubnus, or Cogi-dubunus, the sovereignty 
 of Sussex, or rather of the Regni including Kent, des¬ 
 cended in a lineal course of descent to Lucius, the le¬ 
 gendary founder of Christianity in Britain. He is said 
 to have converted the Roman temples into places of 
 Christian worship; and with him expired the dynasty 
 of British tributary princes, (a. d. 165.)f 
 
 * Gcrmanicus, brass, reverse Triumphal Chariot. 2. Claudius, copper. 
 3. Claud Cersar, D. A. pron. Aug 1 ., reverse, Nero anil Drusus Caesars. 
 P. M. Tri. P. iiii. Equestrian figures. 4. Vespasian, Cross iiii. rev. Pax 
 Aug. 5. Domitian, copper. 6 . Nerva, copper. 7. Trajan, copper. 
 8. Hadrian, copper. 9. Antoninus Pius, brass. 10. Faustina 11. Con¬ 
 stantine. 12. Carnusius. 13. Atticus. 14. Gallienus. 15. Vicforinus. 
 16. Tetricus. Dallaway’s Hist, of Chichester, p. 5. But this catalogue 
 might he considerably increased. 
 
 f It may very reasonably he doubted whether Christianity was intro¬ 
 duced into Britain at so early a period, or at all events only in a partial de¬ 
 gree. W hen it was introduced it is very probable, that after the departure 
 of the Romans, their temples n 'gilt have been converted as above-men¬ 
 tioned. The learned Selden says, that St. Paul’s church, London, was 
 erected on the scite of a temple of Diana, and very plausibly conjectures 
 that “ l.han Dien," that is, the temple of Diana, gave rise to the appella¬ 
 tion “London.” He also asserts that SI. Peter’s abbey, Westminster, was 
 
s 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 From this period to the departure of the Romans from 
 Britain, and the landing of Hengist and Horsa in the 
 isle of Thanet, (a. d. 449), the history of Chichester 
 offers no features to distinguish it from the rest of the 
 community. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD. 
 
 About the year 477, iElla, a Saxon or German ad¬ 
 venturer, allured by the success of Hengist and i lorsa, 
 the former of whom, after shedding oceans of blood and 
 committing the most horrible atrocities, was seated on 
 the throne of Kent, undertook a predatory voyage to 
 England with three ships; and landing at a place which 
 in honour of his son Cymen, (or Kymen,) he named 
 Cymen-chore, or shore, now (known as Keynor,) near to 
 Westwittering, and about six miles from Chichester, 
 possessed himself of the latter place, and of the surround¬ 
 ing country. His forces being weakened by the deter¬ 
 mined opposition he met with from the inhabitants, and 
 the incessant warfare in which he was engaged, he re¬ 
 turned to Saxony for additional forces, and brought with 
 
 built on the ruins of a temple dedicated to Apollo. But this has been con¬ 
 troverted by other antiquarians. Godolph. Introd. 77. The conversion 
 of Lucius is given on the authority of William of Malmesbury, Ant. Hr it. 
 
 Lucius Rex Britannia; anno 179 baptizatus ab Eleutherlo, Pontifice, 
 Romano.” Even St. Paul is said to have preached in Britain : “ Ac primum 
 Paulum ipsum, cum aliis gentibus turn nominatim Britannis, Evangelium 
 uunciasse post priorem suam Roma' incarcerationem.” Godolph. Inf ; 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 i) 
 
 him his three sons Cymen before named, Cissa,* and 
 Winchelingr. With the assistance of his new levies he 
 again attacked the city, took it by assault, and put all 
 the inhabitants, except those who escaped into the in¬ 
 terior, to the sword. Bede gives a most deplorable ac¬ 
 count of the destruction he effected throughout the whole 
 of the district, from Regnum to the ancient forest of 
 A nderida, or the Weald, sparing neither age nor sex. 
 These terrible scenes terminated by the establishment of 
 the kingdom of Sussex, or, as it was then called, Suth- 
 Seaxarnice, and in which Surrey was included. yElla, 
 after a reign of thirty-six years, was succeeded by Cissa 
 his surviving son. lie fixed on Regnum as the place 
 of his abode, which then received the name of Cissa- 
 ceastre, (Chissa’s Chester, castle or fortress, or city,) and 
 after a reign unexampled in length, viz. seventy-six 
 years, during which he is said to have cultivated the 
 arts of peace, he died (a. d. 577) at the very advanced 
 age of one hundred and seventeen, being only seventeen 
 years old when he first accompanied his father to Britain. 
 He is said to have retired for many years before he 
 died to a residence on the hill now called after him 
 Ciss-bury hill, near Steyning, and to have been there 
 interred.f 
 
 * Pronounced Chissa. So Cicelhyrst was pronounced Chislehurst, and 
 Ceastre Chester. 
 
 -f- It seems to have been the practice of the Saxons to add the Latinical 
 corruption cestre, or ceastre, to the names of those places that had been a 
 Roman station. Colchester is so called because it was the residence of 
 King- Coel, who reigned in that district in the year ‘238, and who had a 
 castle near thereto, called Colkynges castle, at which place a Roman tes. 
 selated pavement has very lately been found. 
 
 C 
 
10 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 In the year 650, iEdelwalch, a descendant of iElla, 
 filled the throne of Sussex. He had been prevailed on 
 by Wulplier, king of Mercia, to embrace Christianity, 
 (a. d.648), and Wulplier, in reward for the readiness 
 with which he complied with his request, conferred on 
 him the Isle of Wight, which he had then lately sub¬ 
 dued, and the opposite coast of Hampshire; and these 
 thus became part of the kingdom of Suth-sex. When 
 Wilfride, the exiled bishop of York, presented himself 
 to iEdelwalch, he conferred on him the peninsula of 
 Selsey, witli eighty-seven families, to which was after¬ 
 wards added one-fourth part of the Isle of Wight; and 
 at Selsey, Wilfride founded a monastery, which after¬ 
 wards became the cathedral of the diocese. iEdelwalch 
 after a reign of twenty-five years, was slain by Coed- 
 walla, king of Wessex. Subsequently to this period, 
 the kingdom of Sussex appears to have been governed 
 by Dukes, until Ina, king of Wessex, uniting both 
 kingdoms together, Sussex was swallowed up in that of 
 Wessex ; and ultimately, about the year 800, Egbert, 
 king - of the West Saxons, was crowned king - of Eng¬ 
 land at Winchester, which then became the seat of go¬ 
 vernment.* 
 
 This monarch, however, permitted several of the petty 
 kings to rule over the people, on their consenting - to 
 become tributary to his power, and acknowledging his 
 
 * Egbert was the lenial descendant of Cirdic the founder of the kingdom 
 of Wessex, the most noble anti powerful of the Saxon chiefs, the legendary 
 descent of whose family from Odin, the deified hero of the north, ranked 
 them among the progeny of the gods; and he became the common an¬ 
 cestor of all the dynasties who have since permanently filled the throne of 
 England Macintosh’s Enc/lmxl, vol i. p. 35. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 11 
 
 supremacy ; and we find that his son and successor, 
 Ethelwolf, in the first year of his reign, gave the go¬ 
 vernment of Sussex, Kent, and Essex to his eldest sou 
 Athelstan, with the title and dignity of king. Ethel¬ 
 wolf himself died in 857, in Chichester, and was buried 
 at Steyning. 
 
 In 871 Alfred, the third son of iEthelwolf, succeeded 
 his eldest brother, and became the greatest of princes, 
 and an ornament of his species. How beautifully dig¬ 
 nified is his introduction to the Code of Laws which he 
 caused to be compiled for the government of his kingdom. 
 
 “ Hence 1, King Alfred, gathered these together, and 
 commanded many of those to be written down, which 
 our forefathers observed ; those which I liked. Those 
 which I did not like, by the advice of my Wittan, I 
 threw aside. For I durst not venture to set down in 
 writing over-many of my own ; since I know not what 
 among them would please those who should come after 
 us. But those which I met with, either of the days of 
 me, of my kinsman, or of Oft’a, King of Mercia, or of 
 iEthelbert, who was the first of the English who re¬ 
 ceived baptism, those which appeared to me the j ustest, 
 I have here collected, and abandoned others. Then 1, 
 Alfred, King of the West Saxons, shewed these to all 
 my Wittan, and they then said that they were all willing 
 to observe them,”f 
 
 t Laws of Alfred, Translated by 11. Price, Esq. 
 
12 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE- 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 From file Conquest hij William the Norman to the Siege of Chichester 
 by the Parliamentary Forces in the Ilcign of Charles 1. 
 
 William, Duke of Normandy, landed at Pevensey on 
 the 28th of September, 1066, and, at the decisive battle 
 of Hastings, became the conqueror of England. Among 
 the powerful chiefs who accompanied him in the expe¬ 
 dition was Roger de Montgomeri, earl of Alengon. He 
 led the vanguard of the victor’s troops, and by his 
 bravery and skill, greatly contributed to the fortunes of 
 the day. To this earl the conqueror gave extensive ter¬ 
 ritories in various counties, sufficient to maintain him in 
 almost regal splendour. In Sussex alone his gift com¬ 
 prised seventy-seven lordships, besides Chichester and 
 the castle of Arundel. On taking possession of this 
 princely gift, the earl (now created earl of Shrewsbury 
 and of Arundel) erected a castle in the north-east quarter 
 of Chichester. To this were attached the ramparts of 
 the town, which then encircled it, with the little river 
 Lavant bowing beneath the walls, and the four gates 
 placed at the four entrances into the same. The monkish 
 annals of those times are liberal in their praises of this 
 powerful earl. He appears to have been a generous 
 donor to the church. He founded and amply endowed 
 the great abbey of St. Peter, in the eastern suburbs of 
 Shrewsbury, and three religious houses in Normandy; 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 13 
 
 ami as the king' had ordered that all cathedrals should 
 be removed from villages to populous towns, (a wise 
 and important measure,) and as that of Selsey, in obe¬ 
 dience to the royal mandate, was about to be removed 
 to Chichester, the earl, then also, by his erection of tho 
 castle at this place, become earl of Chichester, gener¬ 
 ously gave all the south-west quarter of the city for the 
 scite of the new church and the residences of the clergy ; 
 and a portion of this gift, particularly that attached to 
 the bishop’s palace, and the residences of some of the 
 superior clergy, comprised parts of the ancient ramparts 
 of the town, which thus became separated from the pub¬ 
 lic walks. 
 
 Before his death, carl Roger assumed the cowl, and 
 became abbot of Shrewsbury ; and dying shortly after 
 this event, in the year 1094, he M as buried in the church 
 of that abbey. He left live sons and four daughters. 
 The sons were, 1. Robert de Belesme, so called after his 
 mother Mabel de Belesme. 2. Hugh de Montgomery. 
 3. Roger of Poictou. 4. Philip. 5. Arnulph. Robert 
 the eldest, succeeded to the extensive estates of his father 
 and mother in Normandy, and Hugh de Belesme to the 
 earldoms of Chichester, Arundel and Shrewsbury. His¬ 
 torians speak of this last as a merciless tyrant, who de¬ 
 lighted in acts of cruelty and wickedness. He was 
 killed in the service of Rufus, by an arrow in a skirmish 
 with Magnus king of Norway, on the latter attempting 
 to land at Anglesea, and was buried in the same abbey 
 with his father. Upon his death, his eldest brother, 
 Robert de Belesme, succeeded to the English honours, 
 
14 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 and is said to have even exceeded his brother Hugh in 
 vice and wickedness: but having on the death of Rufus 
 declared in favour of Robert, the conqueror’s eldest son, 
 and taken part against Henry, who had usurped the 
 throne, the earl was besieged by the new king in the 
 castle of Arundel; and being soon obliged to fly from 
 that fortress and take shelter in his castle of Bridgnorth, 
 which was taken by storm, he cast himself at the king’s 
 feet, and craved his clemency. His life was granted, 
 but he was stripped of all his vast estates in England, 
 and falling' into the king’s hands, the castles of Arundel 
 and Chichester were settled upon his queen Adeliza in 
 dower. She, after the death of Henry, marrying William 
 d’Albiui, he was, by the empress Maud, on her pacifi¬ 
 cation with Stephen respecting the crown of England, 
 and in reward for the services he had rendered her, ad¬ 
 vanced to the earldoms of Chichester and Arundel. 
 
 William d’Albini and Adeliza his consort, confirmed 
 at the high altar of the newly erected cathedral of Chi¬ 
 chester, the before-mentioned grant made to the church 
 of that city by earl Roger.* 
 
 The castle of Chichester did not long remain. Tn the 
 ninth year of the reign of king John (a. d. 1208) it was 
 seized by that monarch and ordered to be demolished. 
 This, however, was not effected until the first year of the 
 
 * Queen Adeliza founded the Benedictine monastery of Boxgrove, to 
 which the Earl was a great benefactor. She was buried, with all the ce¬ 
 remonies observed in the funerals of crowned heads, in St.John’s Chapel, 
 in the Church of that Priory ; and he, who survived her, about the year 
 1176, in the Abbey of Wimundham, founded by his father. Antiquities 
 of Arundel. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 15 
 
 reign of Henry III., who issued the following - writ for 
 its demolition, (a. d. 1216.) 
 
 Philip ipo de Al!>ini salutem. Mandamus vobis quod sine dilatione 
 Castrum Cicestren dirui et prostemi faciatis. Nos reservation 
 liabemus quicquid recepistis de castro illo diruendo sicut Do- 
 minus paternoster bonae memoriae Jobannes quondam Rex Anglia 1 
 illud diruere precepit per literas suas patentes. Et in bujus 
 testimonium, &c.* 
 
 Upon the demolition of the castle, the scite of the same, 
 and about ten acres of land attached to it, which in¬ 
 cluded part of the ancient ramparts and walls of the 
 town in that quarter, were given to found a hospital for 
 the maintenance of poor and infirm persons; but this 
 design was afterwards abandoned, and in lieu of it a 
 convent was formed for the reception of certain monks 
 of the Franciscan order, called Grey Friars. To these 
 the property belonged until the dissolution of monas¬ 
 teries under Henry VIII., when the same were sold to 
 the mayor and burgesses of the city, (a. d. 1541), and 
 they in 1544 granted a lease thereof, reserving the chapel 
 now the Guildhall of the city, to G. Gorynge, Esq., 
 and it has lately been purchased by and is now the pro¬ 
 perty of the Duke of Richmond. 
 
 The chapel will be described in its proper place. The 
 Friary has been of late years converted into a handsome 
 residence, but the cloisters with their pointed doors still 
 remain. Over one of these is a shield with the letters 
 3) ?f? 5 and a spread eagle on another. Several human 
 
 * To Philip d’Albini, greeting : We command you that without delay 
 yon cause tlie Castle of Chichester to be destroyed. Whatever you 
 receive from the destruction of the castle, we reserve to ourselves in the 
 same manner as our late father ordered by bis letters patent. 
 
1 <> 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 skeletons have been found in digging in the garden, and 
 in making certain recent alterations in the chapel. 
 
 The oldest charter of the city now extant, was granted 
 by king Stephen, but in what year does not appear. 
 The following is given as a translation of it. 
 
 Stephen, King o f England, to the Bishop and Chiefs (Prcc- 
 positi*) of Chichester, greeting, 
 
 I order that my Burgesses of Chichester do well, and honourably, 
 and quietly hold and enjoy their customs and regulations of their 
 Borough, and Merchant’s Guild, as they did in the best manner, 
 honourably and quietly, in the time of King William, my grand¬ 
 father, and of my uncles afterwards, and also in the time of Earl 
 Roger. And I will defend them from forfeiture, so that no one shall 
 do them an injury. 
 
 Another charter was granted by king Henry II. and 
 is as follows : 
 
 Henry, King of England, Vukc of Normandy and Aquitaine, 
 and Earl of Anjou, to his Justices and Sheriffs, and Minis¬ 
 ters throughout England, greeting, 
 
 Know ye that I hare granted to my citizens of Chichester, who are of 
 the Merchant’s Guild, all liberties and free customs, as well within 
 the borough as without, that they may enjoy them as fully and 
 freely, and as quietly and honourably as they have been acus- 
 toraed to have and enjoy them in the time ot King Henry, my 
 grandfather, and no person shall sell cloth by retail within the 
 City of Chichester, unless he be of the Merchant's Guild. Let it 
 he the same as King Henry ordered by his writ.-f Wherefore I 
 will and firmly ordain, that they have and hold their guild with 
 all liberties and customs thereto pertaining, and that no one pre¬ 
 sume to make them forfeit on that account. 
 
 Witness, REGINALD, Earl of Cornwall. 
 
 HENRY, Constable of Essex. 
 Dated at Bruges. RALPH DE BROC. 
 
 Other charters have been granted, but the principal 
 one by which the present corporate body, as public 
 functionaries, exist, and by which they are governed, 
 
 * The term Pcppositus appears to answer to that of our modern Mayor 
 (Major). The Pra-positus villa* was the chief constable or bailiff of the 
 place. 
 
 •f* This is not extant 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 17 
 
 was granted by Janies II., but is too long* to be inserted 
 here.* 
 
 The merchant’s guild, as a trading community, has 
 ceased ; but the corporate body still exercise the right 
 of making persons, clergy as well as laity, free of that 
 guild. They thereby become entitled, if sworn in, to 
 vote in the election of members to serve in parliament, 
 whether resident or not.f 
 
 In the year 1114 a great part of the city, and the 
 monastery, or cathedral, then removed from Selsey, were 
 destroyed by fire. A similar conflagration took place 
 in 1186. 
 
 In the disputes that took place between Charles I. and 
 the Parliament, Chichester, like many other places in 
 the kingdom, became the seat of warfare. In 1642 the 
 Royalists, under Sir Edward Ford, the sheriff of the 
 county, possessed themselves of the city. It was be¬ 
 sieged by Sir William Waller for the Parliament, and 
 during this siege the churches of St. Pancras and St. 
 Bartholomew were battered down, and the greater num¬ 
 ber of houses immediately adjoining destroyed. In an 
 account published of the particulars of the siege, the 
 narrator says : “ We got possession of the alms-houses, 
 within half-musket shot of the north port, and then 
 planted our ordnance very advantageously, which play- 
 
 * Charters by the following- nionarchs are to be found in the archives 
 of the Corporation : Richard 2 , Henry 4., Henry (>., Edward 4., Henry 7., 
 Henry 8., Edward 6., Philip and Mary, Elizabeth, James 1. By a m.s. 
 note of that of the last named monarch, the mayor and bailiff’s appenr to 
 have been elected b/i all the inhabitants. Hay's Hist. p. 300. 
 
 \ This is proposed to be altered by the Reform Bill now before Parlia¬ 
 ment. 
 
 I> 
 
18 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 ed through the gate up into the very market place ol 
 the citv. We took up possession of the east-gate su¬ 
 burbs also; and then from a church there we galled 
 the enemy extremely, inasmuch that they durst hardly 
 any of them appear upon the wall. Upon the Monday i 
 night following', we drew down our culverin against the . 
 east gate, even within pistol shot of it, with a resolution 
 to batter down that port, and at the same time to fire 
 the west gate, and also to petard a back gate that issued 
 out of the Deanery through the town wall into the fields, 
 and was walled up a single brick thick ; but whilst we 
 were debating about the order of our falling on, there 
 came a trumpet to me about ten of the clock, with a 
 letter, desiring that, to save further expense of blood. I 
 would admit of a treaty the next morning, they to send 
 commissioners to me, and I to return two hostages for 
 them : whereupon I presently returned an answer ac¬ 
 cording to their desire.” 
 
 Ultimately, after much parley, the city was surren¬ 
 dered to Sir William Waller, the latter end of Decent- tl 
 ber. 164*2, who made the Grey Friary House his head 
 quarters. The soldiers of the successful party were 5 
 quartered in the cathedral, and there committed the i 
 grossest excesses. 
 
 The Bishop of Chichester (Dr. King), the Recorder, 
 Sir Edward Ford, and many other distinguished per¬ 
 sons, were delivered up as prisoners and sent to London. 
 
 In 1645 the celebrated Algernon Sydney was made I 
 Governor of the City, and in the following' year an ' 
 order was made by the Parliament for the removal of i 
 the ordnance to Arundel Castle, for disgarrisoning the 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 19 
 
 j! city, and demolishing (he fortifications; subsequently 
 ■ to which the city was again visited by the Parliamentary 
 army under Sir Arthur Haslerigg, for the punishment 
 of the Royalist party, then denominated malignants, 
 when the work of devastation was renewed, many houses 
 destroyed, and the churches despoiled. 
 
 t 
 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 ANCIENT PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 a 
 
 ] THE GUILDHALL. 
 
 d Is situate opposite a lane called Friary Lane, leading 
 r out of the North Street. We have already stated that 
 . this building formed the Chapel of the Grey Friars in 
 this city. In it are held the courts for the trial of of- 
 . fences committed within the jurisdiction of the mayor: 
 . the Mayor’s Court every Monday, for the trial of issues 
 i to any amount, between subject and subject, arising 
 e within the same limits: the court of Quarter Sessions 
 for the Western Division of the County, in rotation, and 
 the County Court for the same division. 
 
 It is 82 feet in length, 31 in breadth, and 42 in height. 
 . The east window, which for many years was closed up 
 , and entirely hid from view, but which a better taste has 
 lately restored, displays five distinct lights, having 
 j withinside tall insulated pillars which are filletted, with 
 t flourished capitals, On the north side, near the east end, 
 
 
20 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 are arches, in which it is supposed tombs were placed, 
 and on the opposite side are niches, where priests sat 
 during the celebration of mass. 
 
 saint mart’s hospital, 
 
 Is situate near St. Martin’s Square, and not very far 
 from the Grey Friary above described. This was 
 founded as early as the 13th of Henry the third, a.d. 
 1229, by virtue of letters patent from the crown, to 
 which was united the church of St. Peter sub castro, 
 then having' only two inhabitants. The hospital origi¬ 
 nally consisted of a chaplain and thirteen poor persons, 
 but Queen Elizabeth, in the year 1562, limited it to a 
 custos and live paupers, and constituted them a corpo¬ 
 rate body with a common seal. By this charter the 
 paupers were allowed eight pounds of bread and eight 
 pence per week each. Six women and tw o men are 
 now maintained ; five of the poor have a stipend of two 
 shillings per week, a cord and a half of wood and half 
 a hundred of faggots by the year, and a certain quota 
 of the fines as they fall. The other three have only house 
 room, and a share of the rent of the garden. 
 
 The refectory is located first, at the sides of w hieh are 
 the dwelling's of the poor. The chapel is separated from 
 the refectory by a carved screen. The interior of the 
 roof, from the screen to the end of the building, is sup¬ 
 ported by large timbers, the span of the roof reaching 
 within six feet of the ground. There are stalls on each 
 side of the chapel, the floor of which is paved with red 
 tiles. The ceiling is lofty and coved, w ith gothic win- 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 21 
 
 I. dows resembling- those of the Guildhall, formerly part 
 it of the Grey Friars. In the south wall is a richly sculp¬ 
 tured stone shrine, and beyond it a similar niche, being 
 a place for the holy water. 
 
 AN ANCIENT CRYPT. 
 
 This Crypt is situate in South Street, and is now con¬ 
 verted into a Wine Vault, belonging to Mr. E. Parker. 
 It is a fine specimen of very ancient architecture, and 
 well deserving the notice and inspection of the anti¬ 
 quarian. 
 
 On entering it from the South Street, which is consi¬ 
 derably higher than the floor, a large vaulted chamber 
 
 * The Church Service is read twice a day, Sunday excepted. The sti¬ 
 pend for the chaplain arises chiefly from the interest of three hundred 
 pounds left by Mr. George Sedgwick in 1707, and office hundred pounds 
 left in 1793 by Mrs. Painblanc. 
 
 The estates mentioned in the Charter are, Sloue Fair Field , Great 
 Oak Field, Saint Mary's ('raft. West Beech, Fast Beech, Long Mead, 
 and Bush Field. Saint Mary’s Croft comprises many tenements. 
 
22 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 presents itself. Arches of considerable span rest upon 
 a row of massive pillars with bulky capitals. The vault¬ 
 ing', both to the right and left, are affixed to the side 
 walls, in clusters of solid ribs, descending to a nucleus 
 or point, but without any side pilasters. The line of 
 pillars in the centre are round and rather short, and are 
 placed in a direction from east to west. Over this crypt 
 is a spacious room, used some years back for a concert 
 room, but a part of which has lately been fitted up for 
 a school. It is supposed to have been anciently used 
 for a place of w orship. Under the north w indow is an 
 antique font fixed in the wall, w ith a head of rude work¬ 
 manship, apparently of Saxon origin. Contiguous is a 
 small room, probably intended for a confessional, rising- 
 two steps above the floor, and entered by a narrow- stone 
 door way ; and at the farther end of the room is a rudely 
 carved stone cross, fixed in the wall. At the base of 
 the cross are some traces of a stone projecting therefrom, 
 probably the remains of a vessel to hold holy water. 
 The room is lighted by a small window looking into the 
 court of the Vicar’s Close. The w alls and stile of ar¬ 
 chitecture of this superstructure are very old, but not 
 of so ancient a date as the crypt underneath. These and 
 the adjoining buildings were the north angle of the 
 College of Vicars. 
 
 I would submit to the reader, whether these buildings 
 did not form the ancient Guildhall, in which our an¬ 
 cestors, the prfepositi, or magistrates of the city, met to 
 administer justice, and to make laws for the regulation 
 of the guild, or fraternity of merchants ; and, before it 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 2:3 
 
 was so appropriated, it might have been used as a place 
 of worship by the Anglo-Saxons, at an early period 
 after the introduction of Christianity into Sussex. A 
 conjecture may also be added, that it might have been 
 attached to the ancient Monastery of St. Peter, which 
 was perhaps situate near, or adjoining to this spot; and 
 after the erection of the Cathedral and of the present 
 Church of St. Peter the Great, the latter of which is 
 within the walls, and occupies the north transept of the 
 cathedral itself, it might have been discontinued as a 
 place of worship, and appropriated to the use of the 
 citizens, comprising the fraternity or guild before men¬ 
 tioned ; and when no longer wanted for their service, 
 granted to the vicars to found their college ; for we find 
 that in the seventeenth year of the reign of Richard II. 
 (a. d. 1394) it was surrendered to the crown, and then 
 given to them to form residences and gardens, and conse¬ 
 quently must have been of considerable extent. The fol¬ 
 lowing is a translation of part of the charter of donation.* 
 
 Richard, King of England, gives to Richard Mitford, Bishop of Chi¬ 
 chester, one tenement with the appurtenances in the city of Chi¬ 
 chester, called The Gilden Hall, between the Cathedral 
 Church Yard on the North part and the Tenement of Richard 
 Serton on the South part , to have and to hold for the mansions, 
 habitations, gardens and other easements of the vicars now being- 
 or which shall hereafter be, in the said church, according to (he 
 pleasure and disposal of the said Bishop.” 
 
 And in the patent rolls of the same period, is an entry, 
 that “ The King granted in mortmain to the Bishop of 
 Chichester, a tenement called the Gilden-liall, situate 
 
 * Reg. Episcop. E. p. 58. The charter by which the vicars became a 
 corporate body and impowered to have a common seal, was dated in 1429. 
 Some account of them will he given in another part of this work. 
 
24 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 between the Cemetery and the South Street, for the ha¬ 
 bitations of the vicars.” To this is to be added, that 
 the ancient parish of Saint Peter hard by, was anciently 
 called “ Saint Peter juxta Gi/den-HaU” 
 
 THE CANON GATE. 
 
 Another piece of antiquity in this part of the city is 
 the Canon Gate, leading - into the Canon Lane, and thence 
 to the Episcopal Palace and the houses of the Canons 
 Residentiary, as also to the Vicar’s Close. The Gate¬ 
 way is considered by some as of Roman origin. 
 I do not consider it as of so early a date. The pro¬ 
 bability is, that it was erected soon after the grant 
 made by Earl Roger, of the soutli-w r est quarter of the 
 city, for the scite of the cathedral and the residences of 
 the clergy. A keeper formerly resided there called 
 Custos Palatii, (keeper of the palace), who had a sa¬ 
 lary out of the Broil estate, then and still belonging to 
 the see of Chichester. Here also was held the ancient 
 court of Pye-poudre, for settling all disputes arising at 
 the fair called Sloe-Fair, the profits of which were at¬ 
 tached to the see, but which have lately been transferred 
 under the Land-tax redemption acts, to the mayor and 
 citizens.* Near the external gateway is another of very 
 ancient date, leading into the Vicar’s Close, over which 
 
 * Sloe Fair was always proclaimed under the Canon Gate by the bishop’s 
 steward, eight days before the eve of St. Faith the Virgin, during which 
 time the jurisdiction of the mayor ceased, and the bishop had power to 
 collect, and did, by his agent, collect the tolls of the market and fair. An 
 instance is recorded (170-2) in the annals of the corporation, of the bishop 
 claiming the keys of the city during this Pye-pouder court. The bishop’s 
 claim arose from a grant made as early as Hen. I. Vide Reg. Epis. C. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 25 
 
 was a prison for the confinement of refractory priests 
 attached to the cathedral. The dean and chapter have 
 a manor, called “ Canongate Manor,” with considerable 
 estates held under the same. The court was formerly 
 held within the first gateway, but for the convenience 
 of the tenants is now held at a public house hard by. 
 The armorial bearings over the gateway are of Bishop 
 Shurborne, who repaired and ornamented it. 
 
 THE precentor’s HOUSE. 
 
 Not far from the gateway, and in Canon Lane, is the 
 house of the Precentor of the Cathedral, which is sup¬ 
 posed to have been formerly part of the residence of one 
 of the d’Albinis, Earls of Arundel and Chichester, after 
 the destruction of Chichester castle. 
 
 THE HIGH CROSS. 
 
 We have placed this article at the end of our descrip¬ 
 tion of ancient public buildings, because it is of com¬ 
 parative modern construction, though it deserves a place 
 before all others, except the cathedral, for its light and 
 elegant architecture. It was customarily denominated 
 “ The Market Cross,” because not many years ago the 
 markets for the sale of butter, eggs, poultry, &c., were 
 held here. Crosses, indeed, were formerly, in the days 
 of popery, appendages and ornaments of every market 
 place, and images of saints, and of the virgin were placed 
 near thereto, to awaken devotional feelings. These were 
 frequently supported by arcades, to serve for shelter to 
 the sellers and buyers. The ground on which the pre¬ 
 sent cross stands, was purchased of the mayor and bur- 
 
 E 
 
* 2 <> CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 gesses by Edward Story, Bishop of Chichester, in the 
 sixteenth year of Henry VII., for ten pounds, and by 
 the deed by which the ground was conveyed to the 
 bishop, the mayor and burgesses engaged “ not to take 
 any toll nor other duty of any person that should stand 
 or sell any chaffre within the said cross.” The form of 
 the cross is octagon, with an open arcade, and buttresses 
 and finials at the angles. Above the centre of each arch 
 is placed a niche, which contained effigies of the founder; 
 also those of some other bishops, and of Saint George 
 the patron saint of the city-guild. These were torn 
 down by the parliament army, when the city was be¬ 
 sieged under Sir William M ailer, but the escutcheon, 
 bearing the arms of the founder and of Henry VII., was 
 not destroyed. At the restoration of Charles II., a 
 bronze of his father was placed in the niche occupied by 
 the figure of Bishop Story, and a clock, given in 1724, 
 by Dame Elizabeth Fariugton, “as an hourly memento 
 of her good will to the city,” was put up. The height 
 of the cross is fifty feet. In 1724, the Duke of Richmond 
 bore the expense of a complete repair. The lantern ter¬ 
 minating the centre, was subsequently constructed, and 
 is not in keeping with the rest of the building. 
 
 There is every reason to believe that the cross origi¬ 
 nally stood in the centre of the four streets. The car¬ 
 riage road on the north side has been restored only 
 within these few years, by the demolition of some houses 
 which had encroached on the open space in that quarter.* 
 
 * A Cross, built of wood, once stood in the centre of the Pallant, op¬ 
 posite the house now occupied by Mr. Godmau. Mr. Peckhani, then 
 proprietor of that house, obtaiued permission of the mayor and citizens, 
 about the year 1713, to remove this cross. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 27 
 
 THE PREDENDAL FREE SCHOOL. 
 
 Is situate on the south side, and about the centre of 
 the West Street. It was founded in the year 1497, by 
 Bishop Story, with statutes for its regulation; and by 
 virtue of which, all the inhabitants of the city have a 
 right to send their boys to the school. The object of the 
 foundation, according to the statutes, appears to have 
 been to provide proper ministers in the church ; “ Ob 
 ignoratiam sacerdotum et raritatem ministrorum Dio- 
 cesice nostra; Cicestri,” and he thereby interdicts the 
 taking of any gratuity from (he parents of the children 
 educated there, upon forfeiture of ten shillings for each 
 oflence to the dean and chapter, who, in cases where the 
 mastership becomes vacant, are to proceed to the elec¬ 
 tion of a successor within thirty days afterwards. One 
 of the statutes is become nugatory, for it directs that the 
 master, accompanied by his scholars, shall officiate as 
 chaplain in St. Mary’s Chapel, which was probably 
 situate at the end of the north aisle of the cathedral, in 
 which aisle this bishop lies buried, and to attend mass in 
 St. George’s Chapel,* in (he summer season before five 
 o’clock in the morning, and in the winter at six.f The 
 prebendary generally officiates as master of the school; 
 but no citizens have, of late years, availed themselves of 
 the statutes, to demand a gratuitous admission to the 
 
 * The exact scite not known, but supposed to be attached to the ex¬ 
 ternal wall of the church. 
 
 Anciently there was a church situate at the corner of the present 
 East and South Streets, opposite the Cross, called St. Mary in foro. This 
 may probably have been the chapel mentioned in the foundation. The 
 church itself was probably destroyed by Cromwell’s canon at the siege of 
 Chichester. 
 
28 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 school. Clearly, however, they are legally entitled to 
 it. Four different sorts of vestments were to be pro¬ 
 vided for, and worn by, the master, one of scarlet, one 
 of black, one of white, and one of green. Also one 
 green and one brown damask pall, and he was to have 
 a silver chalice weighing fourteen ounces, and two 
 drinking cups.* 
 
 The prebendal estate consists of the great tithes of 
 Highleigh, in the Parish of Sidlesham, which are held of 
 the prebendary at the yearly rent of twenty pounds, and 
 of the prebendal house and garden adjoining the school 
 room. For a renewal of the lease of the tithes for three 
 lives, Dr. Davis, then prebendary, some years ago re¬ 
 ceived a fine of seven thousand pounds, and he pulled 
 down and rebuilt the old prebendal house with part of 
 the money. 
 
 Oliver whitby’s school, 
 
 Is situate in the same street, opposite to the cathedral. 
 Whitby was the son of one of the canons of that church, 
 and endowed this school for the education of twelve 
 boys for the sea service; four from Chichester, four 
 from Westwittering, and four from Harting. The master 
 and the parents of the boys are not to be dissenters. The 
 master is to have a salary of twenty pounds, and he and 
 the boys are to have lodging and diet. The scholars 
 are to wear blue gowns, with the crest of the founder’s 
 arms in metal for a badge, and knit caps; and are to be 
 allowed twenty shillings per annum each for the same, 
 
 * Statutes in Bishop’s Reg. R. p. 50. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 29 
 
 and for their apparel. Power is given to choose new 
 trustees in case of death, but no Member of Parliament 
 nor Dissenter is to be a trustee. 1 hey are to lay by 
 eight pounds per annum as a fund for keeping the lease 
 of Wittering estate, with which the school is endowed, 
 renewed on the death of any of the lives for which the 
 same is held. 
 
 THE COUNCIL CHAMBER AND 
 
 ASSEMBLY ROOM. 
 
 The former, situate about the centre of the North 
 Street, was erected in 1731. It stands on heavy arcades 
 and projects into the main street. The windows are 
 flanked with pillars of the Ionic order. The British 
 Lion surmounts the whole, and a stone tablet in the 
 centre bears the following inscription : 
 
 QUOD FELIX FAUSTUMQUE SIT 
 S. T. Q. C. 
 
 EORUMQUE POST ERIS 
 HfEC CURIA 
 
 A. D. MDCCXXXl REGNANTE GEORGIO II. P. P. 
 
 CCEPTA ET ABSOLUTA. 
 
 Behind this building is the Assembly Room, of very 
 capacious dimensions. Its length is sixty feet, breadth 
 thir ty-eight feet, and height twenty-four feet. James 
 Wyatt was the architect. The assemblies are attended 
 by people of fashion, and of the higher classes; and 
 tradesmen or their families are not admitted. 
 
 Both rooms were built by public subscription. It 
 : was in digging the foundation for the council chamber 
 that the discovery was made of the remains of a Roman 
 temple on the spot as before detailed. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 30 
 
 A Canal, connecting Chichester with the Thames, 
 and with Portsmouth, Arundel, Stc., for the conveyance 
 of goods and merchandise, has been made within these •: 
 few years past. The basin is situate just without the f 
 south suburbs. ti 
 
 The River Lay ant is supposed to have been for- v 
 merly of much more consequence than it now is. It ■ 
 has, however, sometimes of late years overflown its • 
 banks, and inundated the country. Though shallow u 
 and small, it is not without its use in carrying oft’ the 1 
 filth and ordure of some parts of the suburbs. a 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 MODERN PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
 One is situate in a field without the east suburbs, and 1 
 was established in 1811, upon the principles of Dr. Bell. 
 The ground was liberally given by the late Mr. Dear- L 
 ling.* Another, seventy feet in length, upon the prin¬ 
 ciples of Joseph Lancaster, is situate in Tower Street, 
 which was also built by subscription. Bell’s school is 
 supported by voluntary contributions; the Lancastrian 
 partly by contributions and partly by small weekly 
 payments from the children. 
 
 * The building is a pareUelogra.ni 70 feet by 32, raised on brick piers 
 10 leet high, closed on the north, east, and west sides, and open to the 
 south, which extends to the play ground in front and under tne school. 
 Three rooms are formed at the east end tor the master's residence ; and 
 the upper room is lighted all round with semi-circular windows springing 
 from the brick pilasters and the roof is surmounted in the centre by an 
 octangular turret forming a ventilator for the school 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 31 
 
 THE INFIRMARY. 
 
 A very extensive building', healthfully situated on 
 rising ground without the North Gate of the City, and 
 called The West Sussex, East Hampshire, and Chi¬ 
 chester Infirmary, has been built within these seven 
 ■ years past, and is maintained by the liberal subscrip- 
 1 tions and donations of the public. At a meeting of the 
 ’ committe appointed for its management, in October 1830, 
 the Lord Bishop of the diocese in the chair, it appeared 
 by the report then read, that the receipts for the year 
 amounted to 1322/. 3s. lOtf. 
 
 Inpatients from Oct. 1829 to Oct. 1830, ... - 229 
 Outpatients tor the same period, - - - — - - 202 
 Inpatients since the establishment ------ 807 
 
 Outpatients ditto --... 2990 
 
 From this statement we may form some judgment of the 
 incalculable benefit derived from this very valuable 
 institution to the poor and needy, and we therefore may 
 be permitted to say, as was said by an eminent com¬ 
 mentator, when contemplating the glories of the British 
 constitution, Esto perpetua ! 
 
 The Theatre is situate at South Gate, at the corner 
 of a lane leading to the Pallant. It was built in 1791, 
 and the interior is neat and well arranged. 
 
 THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. 
 
 The city is governed by the following officers: the 
 Lord High Steward, Recorder, the Deputy Recorder, 
 the Aldermen, who are not called such until they have 
 passed the chair, the Bailiffs, who, with the Port Reeves 
 and “ Customers,” and all those who have served those 
 offices, compose the Common Council, the Town Clerk, 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 32 
 
 the Port Reeve, the Customer, and the Coroner (usually 
 the town clerk). 
 
 The Manor's Court has the power of life and death 
 for offences committed within its jurisdiction. 
 
 In this court also actions may be brought for the re¬ 
 covery of debts to any amount, and the pleadings therein 
 are the same as in the superior courts at \l estminster. 
 Every Monday is a return day throughout the year, 
 and there is no vacation.* 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS NOTICES. 
 
 The city sends two Members to Parliament, and the 
 right of voting is in such persons as pay scot and lot, 
 and in those who are made free of the Merchant’s Guild 
 and have taken the oaths, whether resident in the city 
 
 or uot. 
 
 YARDS 
 
 The circumference of the city, within the walls, . . 3400 
 
 1 engtb of the East Street,. 375 
 
 Length of the West Street,. 3s5 
 
 Length of the North Street, . 430 
 
 Length of the South Street, . 300 
 
 The Market Days for ihe sale of cattle are held every 
 alternate Wednesday ; the general market days are every 
 Wednesday and Saturday. 
 
 The Fairs are St. George's, April 23, Whit-Monday, 
 St. James’s-day, July 25, Michaelmas, October 20, in a 
 field in the east suburbs, and Sloe Fair, October 20, in 
 a field just without North Gate. 
 
 * Thi, practice seems conformable to the ancient Saxon laws; for by the 
 laws of Etbelrc .1 in ca>e of vouching upon trover, it i< laid down thus . “ If 
 the vouch-e dwell one shire off, let him at first have one week ; if two 
 shires off, le» him have two weeks 5 and tor so many shires as he dwelleth 
 off, let him have so many weeks." Spehnan's Post. Works. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 33 
 
 II] POPULATION. 
 
 1740 .... 3780 1801 .... 4744 
 
 1702 .... 3636 1811 ... . 6425 
 
 1775 - ... 4213 1821 ... - 7362 
 
 Property Tax on the whole City in 1811, £15,426 4 s (td 
 
 Amount of Poor’s Rates in 1831, £5599 7s (id 
 
 Banks. There are two Banking Houses in the city; 
 
 11 one called the Chichester Old Bank, under the firm of 
 r W. Ridge, C. Ridge, W. Newland,and B. Ridge, Jun., 
 r ' whose notes are payable at Sir R. C. Glynn and Co.’s, 
 and the other the Chichester Bank, under the firm of 
 Dendy, Coinper, Gruggen, and Comper, whose notes 
 are payable at Masterman’s. They are both situate in 
 e the East Street. 
 
 Coaches start daily for Loudon at nine in the morn¬ 
 ing. A Coach leaves Chichester for Portsmouth every 
 morning at eight, and returns the same evening, and 
 there are several others that pass through the city on 
 their way to Brighton, Portsmouth, Southampton, &c. 
 
 Post Office. The London Mail arrives at six in the 
 morning and leaves at seven in the evening. The Bognor 
 .mail starts at half-past six in the morning and arrives 
 at six in the evening. The Brighton mail arrives at half 
 past eight in the morning and leaves for Portsmouth at 
 nine; leaves Portsmouth at two, arrives at Chichester 
 at half-past four, and starts for Brighton at ten. 
 
 The Custom House is situate in West Street, at the 
 corner of Tower Street. 
 
 For many years past two Schools have been esta¬ 
 blished and supported by public subscription within 
 the city ; the one denominated the Grey-coat School, 
 
 r 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 34 
 
 at which twenty-two poor boys, and the other called 
 he Blue Girl's School, at which twenty poor girls, are 
 clothed and educated. 
 
 LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL 
 SOCIETY. 
 
 The establishment of this society is owing to the ex¬ 
 ertions of J. Forbes, M.D. (to whom Chichester is also 
 indebted for its Infirmary), who at a meeting of the Li¬ 
 brary Society, held on the 5th of January, 1831, first 
 proposed its creation. The first general meeting of the 
 subscribers was held at the Council Chamber on the 
 12th of February following. The principal object of 
 this society is the promotion of literature, science, and 
 the arts by the delivery of lectures, the reading of 
 papers, the formation of a library and a museum of 
 natural history, antiquities, &e. The society is govern¬ 
 ed by a president and a committee of ten members. The 
 Dean of Chichester is the President for the current 
 year. Temporary accommodations for the museum and 
 library, (which, from voluntary contributions alone, 
 already consist of a considerable number of valuable 
 specimens in the different branches they embrace), have 
 been provided by the committee at Mr. Watson’s in the 
 South Street, until they shall be enabled to build more 
 suitable apartments. The lectures are expected to com¬ 
 mence about the months of September or October. 
 
 The number of subscribers is not far short of one 
 hundred, although the society has been established so 
 short a time. 
 
ffriiPfiR'. :■ CCSATISIIE 
 
FART XI 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 History and Description of the Cathedral, its Tombs, 
 Monuments, fyc. 
 
 THE CATHEDRAL. 
 
 In the year 1680, Wilfride, Arch-bishop of York, 
 having been exiled from Northumbria, in consequence 
 of a quarrel with the king’ of that district, concerning 
 I the division of Wilfride’s diocese into several bishopricks 
 took refuge at the court of iEdilwaleh, King’ of the 
 South Saxons, who, with his queen yEle, had been 
 already baptised into the Christian church. The king, 
 being desirous of converting his subjects to the same 
 faith, conferred on Wilfride the peninsula of Selsey to 
 make trial of his zeal on the inhabitants. By them he 
 | was favourably received, and, if we are to believe the 
 monkish annals, they were induced to that reception by 
 the superior knowledge which this venerable man dis¬ 
 played in the art of catching fish; for the accounts say 
 that, until taught by him, they only knew how to catch 
 eels; but that Wilfride made nets, and having thrown 
 them into the sea, he caught three hundred fish.* Nor, 
 
 * Docuit Antistes eos piscari, nam prius nisi ad anguillas tantum piscari 
 i solebant. Collectis igitur retibus in mare misit,et inox tercentum pisces 
 cepib Dec. Scriptorei p. 738 , cited by Dallau ay p. 22. 
 
36 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 according' to the same annals, was Wilfride’s entrance 
 into Selsey thus alone distinguished : miracles followed. 
 In the island there had been no rain for the space of 
 three years, whence great plagues and famines follow¬ 
 ed ; but on his arrival rain fell in abundance, and 
 plagues and famines ceased.* 
 
 Y ilfride’s success iu Selsey being made known to 
 iEdilwalch, the latter conferred on him the peninsula 
 of Selsey with eighty-five families and two hundred and 
 fifty peasants or slaves, to whom he immediately gave 
 liberty. He continued at Selsey five years, and having 
 established a monastery there, was afterwards recalled 
 to York.f Wilfride having' taken a journey to Rome 
 to make his appeal to the Pope, concerning the still dis¬ 
 puted division of the diocese of York,* and having re¬ 
 turned from thence, he brought with him to Selsey four 
 priests, named Eola, Feoda, Bruuela, and Oidda, and 
 having constituted them secular canons of his new 
 church, he began to concert with them the establish¬ 
 ment of a bishoprick, over which he himself should pre¬ 
 side. His patron, iEdilwalch, was slain in battle about 
 686, by Ceedwalla king of Wessex, who thus united 
 the sovereignties of both kingdoms : and being convert- 
 
 * It is surprising that a man of Bishop Shurborne’s learning: should have 
 been so superstitious and credulous as to permit a story of so gross and 
 improbable a nature, to be recorded over the portrait of Wilfride in the 
 cathedral. The account is fortunately in latin, otherwise it would become 
 a perpetual source of mockery and laughter iu that sacred place. 
 
 + It does not appear that Wilfride at that time assumed the title of 
 bishop, as his two immediate successors, Hidda in 686 and Daniel in 705, 
 w ere stiled abbots. 
 
 J This diocese extended even into Scotland, and he had jurisdiction 
 over all the bishopricks there until Pope Sextus the Fourth, a.d. 1470, 
 created the Bishop of Saint Andrew’s Archbishop and Metropolitan of 
 all England. Goiiolph. S. 
 
 I 
 
 : 
 
 1 
 
 ■ 
 
 i 
 
 : 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 37 
 
 t :d to Christianity by the active and enterprising' Wil- 
 ride he, in his zeal to promote the new church, not only 
 I :onfirmed the grants of land made by his predecessor, 
 • jut gave a more ample domain, including several ex- 
 d ensive districts in Sussex, and one-fourth of the Isle 
 if Wight.* Caedwalla died in 689 at Rome,f and the 
 o jhurch of Selsey continued to flourish from the time of 
 a Wilfride, embracing a succession of twenty-two prelates 
 I ind a period of about four hundred years, until its re- 
 f noval to Chichester about the year 1081 ; Stigand being 
 he last beshop of Selsey and first bishop of Chichester. 
 
 I At a council of bishops held in London by Lanfranc, 
 p Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1073, it was decreed that 
 
 ■ several of the ancient Saxon sees, which are all enume- 
 
 ■ rated by Wilkins in his Concilia, should be removed to 
 large towns, and Selsey was one of the number. This 
 decree was approved of and confirmed by William the 
 Conqueror, who added other domains to the new church; 
 and Roger Montgomeri, Earl of Arundel and Chiclie- 
 
 * Such was the ignorance of those times, that Caedwalla, in signing the 
 charter, testifies, that not being able to write he attixes his mark or cross 
 instead. Even in the year 871, Alfred, although himself addicted to the 
 love of letters, makes the following complaint: “ Paucissimi fuerunt cis 
 Humbrum qui vel preces suas communes sermone Anglico intelligere po- 
 tuerant, vel scriptum aliquod e Latino transferre. Tam sane pauci fue¬ 
 runt, ut ne iimmi quidem recordari possum ex australi parti Thamesis, 
 turn cum ego regnare occaeperam.” Very few on this side of the Humber, 
 very few beyond, not one t Hat 1 recollect south of the Thames, could un¬ 
 derstand their prayers in English, or translate a latter from Latin into 
 English. 
 
 f According to the character given of Caedwalla by some historians, 
 the church need not be very proud of having such a founder ; for inde¬ 
 pendent of his having slain /Edelwalch in battle on the attempt to con¬ 
 quer his kingdom, he also cruelly murdered that king’s two infant sons 
 in cold blood, having first ordered them to be baptized according to the 
 rites of the Christian church. See Humevol. i. p. 55. Collyer't Eccl. 
 Hist. vol. i. p. 108. 
 
3? CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 ster, for the site of the cathedral and the residences o 
 the clergy, gave all the south-west quarter of the city 
 w hich grant "William d’Albini, then also Earl of Arunde 
 and Chichester, and Adeliza his wife, the widow o 
 Henry I.. at a subsequent period confirmed at the higl 
 altar.* 
 
 Stigand died in the year 1087, and Bishop Ralph (o 
 Radulpkus primus) w ho succeeded to the episcopacy" ii 
 1091. (the see having been kept vacant three years b} 
 William Rufus), beg-au to build the new church, and 
 as asserted by some, on the site of the ancient abbey" o 
 Saint Peter ; but before it w as quite completed, a fir< 
 happening in the city, nearly destroyed it. This oc¬ 
 curred in die year 1114. and Henry I. being success- 
 fully applied to for pecuniary aid to assist in its restora¬ 
 tion. it was rebuilt ; when, in 1186, during the epis¬ 
 copacy of Bishop Sefi’rid the Second, another fire oc¬ 
 curred, and greatly injured the palace and cathedral.-f 
 
 * As Godwin, the father of Harold, had very extensive estates in and 
 near Chichester, the lands thus (riven most probably were his, or some o: 
 his powerful followers who fell at the battle of Hasting's, and thus became 
 forfeited, and were bestowed on Earl Roger. The grant comprised aboul 
 a quarter part of the city. 
 
 + Little doubt can be entertained that the destroyed building was prin- 
 cipally composed of wood. Throughout Britain and Ireland timber was 
 the chief material employed in large edifices. Even castles were con¬ 
 structed of this material: form 122S many wooden castles in Moray were 
 burnt down by one Gilliscop. In the reign of Henry I. Arnulph de Mont¬ 
 gomery founded a castle at Pembroke, the ramparts of which were formed 
 of osiers and turf. (Ger. GambrenisJ. A sort of wattle work, or combi¬ 
 nation of twigs or prepared wood and earth, or clay, was a common mode 
 of building among the Gael both of Albin and Erin, and was known as the 
 “ Scottish fashion’" Of this manner of building was a church erected in 
 652 by Fiuan, Bishop of Lindisfame, composed wholly of sawn oak co¬ 
 vered with reeds. Bede Eccl. Hist, iii.25.^ In 1172 a stone church in 
 Ireland was considered a novelty, and is so described by St. Barnard. 
 W illiam of Malmsbury speaks of a church in his time formed of rods or 
 wicker, and a M.s. in the British Museum says, that the religious edifices 
 w ere all at first formed “ ex vergitati- torquatis.” Gothic architecture is 
 supposed to be derived from osier edifices See Logan's Gael, ii. 3 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 39 
 
 ifter this second calamity, Seffrid resolved to engraft 
 pon the remaining walls a new work, adapting to it 
 le stile and architectural ornaments of the age in which 
 e lived. These additions were much more light and 
 ymmetrical than of the age immediately preceding, 
 he cathedral then consisted of the nave with single 
 isles, the centre arcade with its low tower and transepts, 
 ud of the choir,* The high altar was then placed near 
 i the entrance of the chapel of our lady, now the library 
 ver the Duke of Richmond’s vault. Several altera- 
 ons and additions were made during the three suc- 
 eeding centuries. 
 
 , From the similarity of the spire of this cathedral to 
 lat of Salisbury, a tradition prevailed that both cathe- 
 rals were the work of the same architect, and Fuller, 
 i his Worthies, says, “ The master-workman built Sa- 
 sbury and his man Chichester.” But this is contro- 
 erted ; nor is it believed that the entire edifice could 
 e the work of one artist, but it must have received its 
 ntire completion at different periods from 1286 to about 
 le year 1337. 
 
 The following is extracted from Mr. Dallaway’s ac- 
 ount of this cathedral. “ Bishop SefFrid’s restored 
 hurch terminated with the present choir. The stalls, 
 hicli were erected by Bishop Sherburne, are eighteen 
 n either side, of carved oak, in a light stile, but in- 
 :rior to others in several of the more ancient cathedrals, 
 fpon the friese over each of them is inscribed, in a 
 lothic text character, the names of the dignities and 
 
 * Dallawny, f>. 1 I S. 
 
40 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 prebends to w hich they are appropriated ; and the who! 
 are inclosed within the area formed by the great centre 
 tower. The choir is extended by three arcades onl 
 beyond the tower, and they are exactly similar to tlios 
 in the nave. Cotemporary w ith the stalls is the waiuscf 
 skreen of the altar, which is very lofty and elaboratel 
 wrought.* In 1731 the present marble pavement wa 
 laid down, and the whole uniformly painted and gilt a 
 it had originally been by Bishop Sherburne.f Althoug 
 unequal to many others, if space or splendour be con 
 sidered, the effect of the whole is simple and character 
 istic, and is not deformed by the introduction of iucon 
 gruous parts, like the Corinthian skreen at Canterbury 
 After the restoration, in numerous instances, the clerg 
 exhibited more piety than taste, in the repair and em 
 bellishment of their cathedral churches, by adoptinj 
 modern shapes in their altar-pieces and stalls. Th 
 presbytery, consisting of two arcades only, the last pier 
 of which have isolated pillars of Purbeck marble, is c 
 the improved architecture which immediately succeedet 
 the age of Seffrid. The plan was probably given abou 
 the year 1230 by Bishop Neville, adopted during hi 
 prelacy, and continued, with the additiou of our Lady T ’ 
 Chapel, by Bishop St. Leofard, All these importan 
 works were not completed before the close of th 
 thirteenth century. The lower triforia are renderei 
 particularly ornamental by much rich tracery and carv 
 
 * It has recently undergone a complete renoyation. 
 
 -f By m.s.s. in the possession of the Dean and Chapter it appears tha 
 in ltMri was expended for ornaments ISO/., and for the organ 300/.; i 
 1731 for wainscot in the choir 107/., for paving marble 117/. Of. 6<i. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 41 
 
 ng. and die pillars are of Purbeck marble and clus¬ 
 tered. There is a general similarity between this and 
 he presbytery added to the Ely cathedral by Bishop 
 srlotham in 1235.” 
 
 ( Since Mr. Dallaway wrote this a great alteration and 
 Improvement has been made in this part of the cathedral. 
 a The carving of the foliage introduced in the capitals 
 nd arches, and the trefoils placed in the spandrils which 
 inclosed the figure of the “Salvator mundi,” in the 
 entre, with the cherubim or winged figures which were 
 hen incumbered and obscured by thick washes of lime, 
 .ave been relieved and restored to their original beauty 
 nd delicacy ; and the marble pillars repolished. The 
 Itar-piece too has been put back a considerable space 
 nto the presbytery, which has not only given a more 
 mple scope to the choir, but has been the means of re- 
 toring to sight several monuments before hid from 
 mblic view : and the heavy iron-work which inclosed 
 be presbytery has been removed. 
 
 The same author goes on thus: “ Upon a minute in- 
 pection it may appear that what are now the approach 
 nd anti-room of the library,* was on the site of one of 
 be numerous oratories within the church, which were 
 ceupied by a chantry. The arched recesses in the 
 /all are of a date evidently posterior to the age of the 
 offin-shaped episcopal monuments now placed within 
 bem. At the termination likewise of either aisle of the 
 hoir, is a small chapel, (now private burial places), 
 
 * That is the Chapel of Our Lady, now converted into a Library. 
 
 G 
 
42 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 one dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and the other to ( 
 Saint Mary Magdalene, both which had a chantry.” In i 
 the one on the south side of the library, is the monument ' 
 of Dr. Edward Waddington, Bishop of Chichester, and > 
 the other on the north is the cemetry of the family ol 1 
 Sir John Miller, Barf. 
 
 “ No part of the church (he adds) was so completely 
 desecrated as this beautiful chapel by the soldiers under 
 Sir William Waller,* who despoiled it of its beauties. 
 In the vestry they seized on the vestments and orna¬ 
 ments of the church, together with the consecrated plate, 
 and left not so much as a cushion for the pulpit, nor a 
 chalice for the sacrament. They broke down the organ, 
 and dashing the pipes with their poleaxes, scoffingly 
 said, ‘ Hark lioio the organs go.’ They demolished the 
 rails of the altar, and tables of the commandments. 
 They then stole the surplices, and tore the prayer-books, 
 defaced and mangled the faces of the kings and bishops 
 as high as they could reach. One of them picked out 
 the eyes of King Edward VI. saying that all this mis¬ 
 chief came from him, when he established the book of 
 Common Prayer. They ordered a public thanksgiving, 
 and the sermon ended, they ran up and down the church 
 with their swords drawn, defacing the ornaments of the 
 dead, hacking and hewing the seats and stalls, and 
 scratching the painted walls. They likewise pillaged 
 the Subdeanry church of the chalice, &c. In 1647 
 another visit w as made by these spoliators to the catlie- 
 
 * He entered (lie city on Innocent’s-day 1642. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 43 
 
 dial, through the connivance of William Cawley, a 
 citizen, who then represented the place in parliament. 
 Sir Arthur Hazlerigge, the commander on this occa¬ 
 sion, demanded the keys of the chapter-house, and hav¬ 
 ing received information from a treacherous servant of 
 the church, of the place where the remainder of the 
 church plate; was deposited, he commanded the soldiers 
 to take down the wainscot round about the room, Sir 
 Arthur himself standing by. After the restoration the 
 members of the cathedral were assiduous in procuring 
 pecuniary assistance for the repairs of the church. Con¬ 
 tributions flowed in from various quarters from 1C77 to 
 1680. Among others the following was received : from 
 Brian, Bishop of Winton, 200/.; Dr. King, Bishop of 
 Chichester, 100/.; William, Bishop of Oxford, 100/.; 
 Dr. Gunning, then Bishop of Chichester, 100/.; Dr. 
 Brideoake, ditto, 100/. ; the Earl of Northumberland 
 100/.; William Ashburnham,Cofferer to the King,100/.; 
 Hugh May 100/.; T. TryonlOO/.; &e., and the Dean 
 and Chapter, for the same purpose, sold their plate, 
 which produced, at 5 s. the ounce, 128/. 19s. Ad”* 
 
 TOMBS, MONUMENTS, ETC. 
 
 On entering this venerable edifice, as the eye surveys 
 the vaulted roof and lengthened aisles, and glances 
 around on the marble monuments where the last remains 
 of the illustrious dead, aw T ait in silence the awful moment 
 
 * Dallaway, p. 130 
 
44 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 that shall call them from their dark abodes, we cannoi 
 help indulgiugemotions of an awful and pleasing, thougl 
 solemn, nature. We are struck with the recollection 
 that the venerable pile was raised by man for the wor- 
 ship, and in honour of the true, not the unknown, God ! 
 Within its capacious walls lie the ashes of polemics, 
 who, in their day and generation, strenuously contended 
 for the strict and exact performance of rites and cere¬ 
 monies, and with ardour and zeal maintained doctrines, 
 now no longer considered as essential to Christianity, 
 but actually exploded and shunned, and fast disappear¬ 
 ing - before the light of truth: and whilst we are obliged 
 to lament that so much talent and learning should have 
 been misapplied, and so many heedless persecutions 
 persevered in, even to the death, for the maintenance and 
 establishment of tenets no longer upheld; we rejoice 
 that these splendid and magnificent structures remain as 
 redeeming' evidences of the honesty of their zeal, and 
 that within these ancient and venerable walls are now 
 taught the pure principles of an enlightened and more 
 charitable creed, on which the increasing wisdom of the 
 age will yet bestow a greater lustre. 
 
 We will suppose the visitor to enter the cathedral from 
 the cloisters at the east entrance. Immediately on the 
 right of that entrance, against the wall, is a very ele¬ 
 gant sculptured frame of uncertain origin, lately disco¬ 
 vered behind some of the pews at the entrance of the 
 choir from the nave of the church, which pews have 
 lately been removed to the great satisfaction of the 
 public, who justly considered them as greatly deteriorat- 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 45 
 
 in«' the beauty of the cathedral. Underneath this frame 
 work, on the floor, is a very ancient tomb, (removed 
 from the presbytery in making' the late splendid altera¬ 
 tions), representing, in rude carving, a trefoil resembling 
 a human head, and bearing an inscription, almost ille¬ 
 gible, in JLombardic characters, thus, “ Icy git le cceur 
 de Maudde.” (Here lies the heart of Maud). 
 
 Going towards the Duke of Richmond’s vault and 
 the chapel of Our Lady, over it you see on your right 
 hand, on the floor, two tombs of black marble. These 
 are of very ancient date, being the tombs of Bishops 
 Seffrid and St. Hilary ; the former flourished in 1125, 
 consequently the tomb is upwards of seven hundred 
 years old, and the latter in the year 1146.* On the left 
 is a similar tomb of Bishop Ralph, having a mitre and 
 crosier on the top, and the words radvlphvs episcop 
 carved at the west end. 
 
 Near to Bishop Ralph’s monument has lately been 
 placed a small mural monument of alabaster, with a 
 figure kneeling', representing Bishop Bickley in the 
 costume of the bishops of that day, with the following 
 inscription : “ Thomas Bickley S. T. P. Magd. Coll. 
 Oxon. alumnus Archdiaconus Stafford Coll, de Merton 
 Custos et hujus Ecclesiae Episcopus ann. 10 et 3 mens, 
 obiit prid. kalend. Maij. Aldingburniae anno ineara- 
 tionis 1596, set. 78.”f The bishop’s armorial bearings 
 
 * The arch over these is of an architecture posterior in date to the 
 tombs. 
 
 f Dr. Thomas Bickley, Fellow of Magdalene College, Oxford, Arch¬ 
 deacon of Stafford, Warden of Merton College, and Bishop of this dio¬ 
 cese ten years and three months. He died at Aldingbourne April 30, 
 15SK), aged 78 
 
40 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 are designated on the tomb, viz., a cross quarterly void¬ 
 ed, gules and argent, counterclianged, and charged with 
 a lily between four demi roses en soleil, (Day). 2. Ar¬ 
 gent, on a chevron between three gryphon’s heads erased 
 sable a bezant, (Bickley). Motto, Habenti dabitur T. B. 
 To those who have shall be given. And underneath, 
 In vita et in morte Jehova meum. Mortuus vivat. In 
 life and in death Jehovah is mine. The dead shall 
 live. This monument was removed from near to the 
 high altar, in consequence of the late extension of the 
 choir to the eastward into the presbytery. 
 
 You will now see in the latter place, in an elevated 
 position, approached by steps, three marble monuments 
 and two table tombs. The former are those of Bishops 
 Grove, King, and Carleton, and the latter of Bishops 
 Day and Christopherson. 
 
 Bishop Grove. The inscription describes him as for¬ 
 merly of Winchester College, then a fellow of Saint 
 John’s College, Cambridge, and lastly Bishop of Chi¬ 
 chester. He was born in London; conspicuous in all 
 things for his dignity, but unostentatious ; a celebrated 
 defender of the English church and of the clergy, in 
 elegant language, as well of the Latin as of his mother 
 tongue; happily experienced in confuting and conci¬ 
 liating his opponents; a man of great sagacity, of im¬ 
 proved judgment, of facetious wit joined to great mo¬ 
 desty : of dignified manners but of easy access to all; 
 compassionate and kind to the poor. He died through 
 an unfortunate accident, which sometimes happens to 
 the good as well as the evil, by a fractured leg ; such 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 47 
 
 was the will of God, and he exhibited amidst his pains 
 a great example of patience. He died the 20th of Oc¬ 
 tober, 1 GOG, aged 62. That the fame of such a man, of 
 such rare virtue, may be had in perpetual remembrance 
 and be imitated by posterity, William Barcroft, S.T.P. 
 Treasurer and Canon Residentiary of this church, de¬ 
 sirous of manifesting- his gratitude towards a generous 
 patron, has caused this monument to be erected.* 
 
 Henry King, is described in the inscription on his 
 tomb as the son of John King - , Bishop of London ; born 
 in Devonshire, and descended from the West Saxon 
 Kings; as illustrious for his piety and learning as for 
 the splendour of his birth. Distinguished for his fidelity 
 to the church and the king, for his deep erudition, and 
 for the extraordinary mildness of his speech and man¬ 
 ners; so that uniting every good and excellent cpiality, 
 he became dear to the king and beloved by the people, 
 and was not less celebrated throughout his diocese for his 
 exemplary life than for the eloquence of his preaching. 
 He died the 30th of October, 1679, aged 77. Near to 
 
 * P.M.S. Robertus Grove S.T.P. Collegii Winton, prius scholaris 
 dcinde D. Johannis in academia Cantabrigiensi socius ecclesiae Cicestren- 
 sis demum Episcopus. Londini natus claruit omnibus in altiori sua dig- 
 nitate, latendi licet non parum appetens; ecclesia; clerique Anglicani 
 eximia turn Romani turn yernaculi sermonis elegantia celeberrimus de¬ 
 fensor; in redarguendis et conciliandis adversariis feliciter exercitatus. 
 Vir multi acuminis, judicii subacti facetiis simul misti et vereeundia; 
 omnibus in altiori sua dignitate tacilis et suavis; in pauperes semper 
 miscricors et benignus: fato tamen occubuit immature, quod bonis aeque 
 ac malis accidit sed ita visum est Deo, lit inter cruris tract a' summos cru- 
 ciatus novum patientiae propeneret exemplum. Ob. vij. Kal. Octob. 
 16!)6, act. 62. Ut viri tabs, tantique virtutis, quas posteri legant et imi- 
 tentur in diuternam memoriam propagaret, et ut sui etiain aliquod erga 
 patronum beneficentissimum grati aninii pignus et monumentum statu- 
 eret, marmor hoc erigi curavit Gul. Barcroft S. T. P. hujusce Cathedralis 
 ecclesiae Thesaurar et Canon Residentiarius. Rediturae aniline deposition. 
 
48 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 this lies buried his eldest son, John King - , whose widow 
 Anna, daughter of William Russel, of Strensham in the 
 county of Worcester, Knight and Baronet, as well for the 
 perpetual remembrance of her reverend father-in-law, 
 as for that of her dearly-beloved husband, erected this 
 monument. The Right Honourable Ann, Viscountess 
 Palmerston, a near relation of the said bishop, from 
 respect to those her relations, caused the letters on this 
 monument, nearly worn out, to be cut deeper.* 
 
 Guy Carlton, descended from the celebrated earl of 
 that name. The inscription on his tomb denotes, that he 
 was born in Cumberland, and was fellow of Queen’s 
 College, Oxford, as also proctor of that University. 
 That he was faithful to Charles II. in his exile, and was 
 his domestic chaplain after his restoration ; that he was 
 Dean of Carlisle and Prebendary of Durham, then 
 Bishop of Bristol, and afterwards of this see. He con¬ 
 quered the violence of the fanatical parties ; he repaired 
 the cloisters and restored its privileges. Celebrated for 
 his learning, magnanimity, and piety ; noted for his cha¬ 
 rities towards the destitute, and for hospitality to all: 
 
 * H. S.E. Henricus King. Episcopus Cicestrensis, Johannis King- olim 
 London. Episcopi filius natu maximus, antiqua eaque regia Saxonum 
 apud Danmonios, in aegro Devoniensi, prosapia oriundus. Natalium 
 splendore illustris pietate et doctrina illustrior ; quem ecclesiae et principi 
 constans fides, excelsa indoles, et altissima eruditio, singularis morum 
 suavitas et facilis consuetudo, doctis bonisqne omnibus ita conciliaverant 
 ut Episcopus Regi charus, populo dilectus, non minus, in diocesi vita atque 
 exemplo, quam facundia in concionibus regnaret. Ob. prid. Kal. Octob. 
 1679 aet. 77. Juxta patrem hie subtus dormit filius natu major Johannes 
 King cujus vidua Anna Gulielmi Russel de Strensham in agro Vigorniensi 
 Eq. Barenetti filia utruesq. memoriam cum soceri admodum reverendi, 
 
 turn conjugis dilectissimi, hoc saxo perenniorem, voluit.-Prae- 
 
 honorabilis Anna Vicecomitissima de Palmerstone, prsedicti Episcopi 
 consanguinea, literas tere exesas, tanti viri memor, altius incidi et omari 
 curavit. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 49 
 
 and an unconquered champion for the English church, 
 and now triumphing as its most excellent ornament. 
 He departed this life the 6th o 1 July, in the year of Sal¬ 
 vation 1705, aged 89.* 
 
 Bishop Day was consecrated in 1541 and was after¬ 
 wards deprived by Edward VI. and imprisoned two 
 years, but restored by Queen Mary in 1554, and died 
 in 1556. 
 
 Proceeding from these tombs and going down the 
 south aisle, you will perceive on your left hand, a piece 
 of very ancient sculpture, lately discovered behind some 
 of the stalls in the north side of the church, and re¬ 
 cently placed in its present position. It represents the 
 figures of Mary and Martha kneeling near the porch 
 of a temple. In the centre is the figure of Jesus, and 
 behind him those of the four evangelists. 
 
 Next to this valuable relic of antiquity is the tomb of 
 Bishop Shurborne, and his effigy in alabaster. The 
 figure and tomb were richly adorned, but were much 
 defaced by the soldiers of the parliamentary army. The 
 armorial bearings still remain, and the following’, in 
 raised letters, are finely sculptured : Non intres in ju¬ 
 dicium cum servo tuo domine, Roberto Shurborne — 
 
 * Guido Carlton, S. T. P., ex antiquissima prosapia agro Cumberland: 
 oriundus Reg. Coll. Oxon. quondam socius et academia' procurator vi- 
 gilantissimus; Carolo secuudo regi in exilio, et post reditum felieissimus 
 a sacris domesticis, tidelissimus; ecclesia; cathedralis Dunelm ; canonicus 
 et Lugavalli decanus; deinde Bristoliensisepiscopus; demum hujus Cices- 
 trens: Episcopus; hie et illic annos bis septem obtinuit cathedram. Utro- 
 bique fanaticorum rabiem perdomuit; aedis hujusceclaustra diu temerata 
 restituit, et sanixit privilegia; doctrina et magnanima pietate su minus ; 
 in egenos charitate insignis, in omnes hospitalitate magnificus. Ecclesia; 
 Anglicana; militantis olium propugnator fortissimus triumpliantis jam ex- 
 imium ornamentum. Demigravit pridie nonarum Julij aim. Salutis 1705, 
 a>t. 89. 
 
 H 
 
50 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Enter not into judgment, O Lord, with thy servant 
 Robert Shurborne. This prelate was a munificent 
 patron to the church of Chichester, and founded in it 
 lour prebends.* He was ambassador from Henry VII. 
 to the Pope, and brought home with him a great taste 
 for church ornaments. He caused the two large histo¬ 
 rical paintings in the south transept, which we shall 
 presently describe, to be painted, and during a resi¬ 
 dence of twenty-two years, he expended in embellishing 
 and repairing different parts of the cathedral, and in 
 the repairs of the palaces at Chichester, Aldingbourne, 
 and Ambevley, and other places belonging to the see. 
 no less a sum than £3707. He died the 21st August. 
 1536, in the niuty-sixth year of his age.f 
 
 At a short distance from this tomb is another piece of 
 ancient sculpture, cotemporary with that on the left side 
 of Shurborne’s tomb, and found in the same place, on 
 making the late improvements. It represents the rais¬ 
 ing - of Lazarus from the dead. Two figures of Mary 
 and Martha are praying below ; two grave-diggers ap¬ 
 pear to have j list opened the grave. Our Saviour stands 
 over the spot, and has just called on the dead man to 
 
 * Bursalis, Exceit, Wyndbam, and Bargeham. 
 
 f Bishop Shurborne established a fund to be applied on the marriage ol 
 young women of the city. He directs that the Dean and his (the bishop’s) 
 four Prebends shall meet together annually on the eve of the feast of Pen¬ 
 tecost, and shall agree together on the names of four poor maidens of the 
 city; and whatever was left in his yearly and private treasury, they 
 were faithfully and honestly to divide between those maidens, in the pre¬ 
 sence of their parents, on the Monday after the day of Pentecost, and in¬ 
 scribe their names in a parchment book. And he directed 40.v. to be given 
 to another maiden out of the profits arising from any vacant stall of his 
 foundation : and if any of the lay clerks had an unmarried daughter, she 
 was to be preferred; and to her he only enjoined, that on receiving the 
 money she should say in her mother-tongue, “ Our Lord have mercy on 
 my Lord Robert’s soul and his friends.” 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 51 
 
 come forth. Lazarus is rising from the grave accom¬ 
 panied by angels, and there is a groupe of figures look¬ 
 ing - on and wondering at the miracle. 
 
 The Great Pictures. Proceeding from this spot you 
 come to the south transept, called the Kings and Queens. 
 The great pictures before you are intended to comme¬ 
 morate the two principal events in the history of the ca¬ 
 thedral ; the foundation of the see at Selsey, by Ceed- 
 walla, King of the South Saxons and of Wessex, 
 although his predecessor .ZEdilwalch, whom he conquer¬ 
 ed and slew, was undoubtedly entitled to that distinc¬ 
 tion, as the first promoter of the measure, through the 
 instrumentality of Wilfride. The first picture is twelve 
 feet eight inches wide and eight feet eight inches high, 
 and represents, in figures larger than life, an interview 
 between Wilfride and Caedwalla. The bishop is at¬ 
 tended by his clergy of the monastery of Selsey, the 
 king by his courtiers. The former prays the king to 
 igive to the servants of God a place of worship. Da 
 is ervis Dei, locum habitalionis propter Deum. The 
 king, with the sceptre in his right hand and his left 
 I resting on the Holy Scriptures, supported by one of his 
 attendants, replies, Fiat sicut petitur—Be it as de¬ 
 sired. In the back ground is represented Selsey and 
 its church, the sea and parts of the Isle of Wight, the 
 latter, perhaps, intended to denote that Caedwalla had 
 granted part of that island to the church. The build¬ 
 ing - of florid architecture displayed in the picture, was 
 probably meant for a view of the king’s palace. Un¬ 
 derneath are the words Sanctus Wilfridus. The placing - 
 of the monkey here is inexplicable. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 The second picture is thirteen feet four inches by eight 
 feet eight inches, and represents Bishop Shurborne, at¬ 
 tended by ecclesiastics, petitioning Henry VII. for a con¬ 
 firmation of the charter granted by King Caedwalla, and 
 Henry VIII., by a whimsical anachronism, is introduced 
 into the picture, both crowned, and the son grants what 
 is sought to be obtained of the father ! The bishop thus 
 addresses the king: Sanctissimus Rex; Propter Deum 
 confirma ecclesiam tuam Cicestrensem,jam Cathedralem 
 sicut Ctedwalla Rex Sussex! te Ecclesiam Selesien olim 
 Cathedralem confirmavit.—Most holy King ! for the 
 love of God confirm thy church of Chichester, now a 
 cathedral, as Ctedwalla, King of Sussex, confirmed the 
 church of Selsey, formerly a cathedral. To this Henry 
 VIIT. replies, Pro amore Jesu Christi, quod petis con - 
 cedo.—For the love of Jesus Christ, what thou askest 
 I grant. On the left of the king is his secretary, hold¬ 
 ing the petition presented by the bishop, having Ora., 
 the first syllable of the word Oratio (a petition), on it. 
 Underneath is the bishop’s favourite motto, Operibus 
 credite—-Confide in my works. 
 
 In the same transept are portraits of all the Kings of 
 England, from William the Conqueror to George III., 
 over which are these words; Confiteantur tihi omnes 
 reges. Recta est via qute ducit ad vitam.—Let all the 
 kings of the earth confess to thee ; straight is the way 
 which leads to life. 
 
 On the opposite side are portraits of the Bishops of 
 Selsey and Chichester, from Wilfride to the reforma¬ 
 tion, with their names, and underneath the portrait of 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 53 
 
 Wilfride is an account of his pretended miracles, as be¬ 
 fore alluded to. 
 
 St. Richard's Tomb. The same transept contains the 
 tomb of St. Richard. It is placed near an altar for¬ 
 merly dedicated to Edward the Confessor. He was a 
 monk of the Dominican order, and succeeded to the see 
 in the year 1245, and was canonized in February, 12G2. 
 His death was kept by the Roman Catholics on the 3d 
 of April, on which day, until the period of the refor¬ 
 mation, pilgrimages were made to his shrine. An ac¬ 
 count of his miracles is given underneath his portrait 
 amongst the bishops. The following is a translation of 
 it: Saint Richard was very useful and beneficial to the 
 li church of Chichester and its bishoprick. His miracles 
 were many. In his life time he studied to fll the poor 
 with the word of God, and gave much alms. On one 
 occasion a great multitude of people, at a place called 
 Ferring, and from all sides, flocked to see him, so that 
 master Simon, of Ferring, who urns a guest, seeing so 
 great a multitude, said the bread in the house would not 
 be sufficient for every one to take a little. To which 
 the bishop answered, Let all come and the Lord will 
 give. And when they were all satisfied, the same master 
 Simon, after their departure, in counting the loaves, 
 said, he had as many as before their refreshment. And 
 God vouchsafed to honour him with the same miracle in 
 his oicn manor of Cackham. 
 
 The monks who fabricated this clumsy story, and 
 that of the miraculous draught of fishes at Selsey by 
 Wilfride, never dreamt that the imposture would be 
 
54 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 revealed by the translation of the scriptures into the 
 mother tongue, where the same kind of miracles are re¬ 
 corded as performed by our Saviour. The miracles 
 were, however, implicitly accredited at the court of 
 Rome, whither his successor, Philip de Berghstede, 
 journeyed to procure Richard’s canonization, which was 
 celebrated with great splendour in the presence of 
 Edward I. and his court, and many prelates, all be¬ 
 lieving, or pretending to believe, that the miracles were 
 actually performed, and depositing amongst sacred re- 
 liques, pieces of his garments ; and so severe w r ere his 
 habits, that, Matthew' of Westminster informs us, when 
 he died his shirt was discovered to be made of horse¬ 
 hair, and his body was begirt with iron.* 
 
 The shrine, or sacellum of this tomb is of Caen stone, 
 consisting of three arches, formed of quartre foils with 
 richly crocketted mouldings. The roof is of tabernacle 
 w ork, having rosettes of curious carving, but of most 
 capricious design. In one of them is a portrait, proba¬ 
 bly of the saint himself, of a mild aspect, with a wreath 
 surrounding it, and another of four heads, apparently 
 of tigers, so placed that the chins and tongues of all meet 
 in one common centre, which were probably part of his 
 armorial bearings. 
 
 The shrine was once adorned with costly jew els, and 
 decorated, according to the practice of the Roman 
 church, with colours and gilding, to attract the admi¬ 
 ration of the pilgrims resorting thither ; and the rich 
 
 * White, in his pleasing History of Sclbornc. says that a Pecten, or 
 comb of this Saint Richard was deposited amongst the precious reliques 
 in Selborne Monastery. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 55 
 
 devotees in the city and neighbourhood enriched it with 
 numerous and valuable bequests. These excited the 
 cupidity of Henry VIII. who despoiled it of all its or¬ 
 naments, and issued a mandate for the removal of the 
 bones of the saint, and the total destruction of the shrine; 
 but so great was the veneration in which these sacred 
 remains were held, that the commissioners declined to 
 obey the mandate, and contented themselves with co¬ 
 vering it with a thick wash of lime. The whole has 
 lately undergone a complete renovation. 
 
 Tomb of Bishop Langton. In the same transept, 
 under the great window, is the tomb of John de Long- 
 ton. He began his episcopacy in 1305, and sat thirty- 
 two years. He was at the sole charge of erecting the 
 very handsome window over his monument. It cost 
 three hundred and forty pounds, a very large sum in 
 those days. There is reason to suppose that the lights 
 or divisions were originally filled with stained glass 
 of portraits, or historical notices, before the spoliations 
 by Cromwell’s soldiers. The tomb was also richly 
 ornamented, and received many valuable offerings ; and 
 obits were celebrated at it. It now displays a very dif¬ 
 ferent aspect, from what it bore for several ages, before 
 the hand of the spoiler came and disrobed it of its valu¬ 
 able beauties. 
 
 The Stone Coffin, near Bishop Langton’s tomb, was 
 lately placed there, having been taken up from the south 
 side of the cathedral in the Paradise, and is supposed to 
 be that of Bishop Godfrey, who died in the year 1088. 
 Near to this coffin a curious leaden cross (now in the 
 
56 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 library) was lately discovered, of which an account 
 will be given under the head “ Chapel of our Lady,” 
 or the library. 
 
 The robing room for the prebendaries and vicars has 
 been lately made out of the sacristy, or vicar’s vestry 
 in this transept, and a spiral stone stair case which led 
 to the consistory above has been stopped up. The ar¬ 
 chitecture of this room is deserving of notice. In this 
 room is a curious old chest with five locks, brought from 
 Selsey on the removal of the cathedral, and of Saxon 
 origin. 
 
 Near the entrance to this vestry is a stone to the me¬ 
 mory of a soldier who died 1643, and who was one of the 
 army engaged in the expedition, under Waller, against 
 Arundel and Chichester. 
 
 Court and Prison for Heretics. Before quitting this 
 part of the church, the visitor will be desirous of visit¬ 
 ing - a room over the sacristy, or vicar’s vestry, to which 
 access is had by another stone stair case, proceeding' 
 towards the nave. It was built in the reign of Henry IV. 
 and was fitted up for the trial of heretics, particularly 
 of the Lollards, then a prevailing sect.* Behind the 
 seats of the official and his assistants, is a sliding pannel 
 in the wainscot, concealing a room in which the pri¬ 
 soners were confined, and whence they were brought 
 into court. 
 
 In this place also was formerly held the Consistorial 
 
 * Lollards were so called from one Daruel Lolium. They maintained 
 that pilgrimages to the shrines of saints were not meritorious, and they 
 refused to adore the image of a crucifix, or of a saint; and contended 
 that sins should not be confessed to a priest, but to God only. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 5? 
 
 Court, from which issued decrees, anathemas, and ex¬ 
 communications against persons accused of contumacy 
 and of spiritual offences; a court now happily falling 
 into disuetude. 
 
 South Aisle. In this aisle, upon a mural brass fixed 
 in the wall, are the figures of a husband and wife kneel¬ 
 ing. He is habited as an alderman, and has the effigies 
 of six sons behind him, and she eight daughters. Un¬ 
 derneath is the following inscription : 
 
 Here vnder lyethe the bodies of Mr. Wm. Bradbridge who was 
 thrice Maior of this Cittie and Alice his Wile who had vj sonnes 
 & viij daughters which VVillm. deceased 1546and this stone was 
 finished at ye charges of ye WorslI. Mrs. Alice Barnham Widow 
 one of the dautrs. of ye said Win, Broadbridge & Wife of ye 
 WorslI. Mr. Francis Barnham deceased Shrive and Ald’ma. of 
 Londo. in 1570. Fynished in Jvly 1592. A. L. B. 
 
 In the same aisle, besides other monuments, are those 
 to Ernest Augustus Udney, 1808, on which is a child 
 sleeping, by Westmacott. and to Jane Smith, 1781, 
 whereon is sculptured a figure representing a conjugal 
 genius reclining over an extinguished torch, by Flax- 
 man. 
 
 Additional South Aisle of the Nave. Proceeding 
 into this aisle you perceive a beautiful and delicately 
 carved monument of white marble, to the memory of 
 Agnes Sarah Harriet, daughter of Henry Cromwell, 
 late Vice-admiral, who before his death bore the name 
 and arms of Frankland. He was descended from the 
 Protector. This beloved daughter of his house, whose 
 angelic countenance and finely-proportioned form still 
 live in the recollection of many, departed this life the 
 •30th of November. 1707, in the eighteenth year of her 
 
58 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 age, of a consumption, deeply deplored by her bereavec, 
 and inconsolable parents. The sculpture is from the 
 chaste and classical chisel of Flaxman. A bas-relief oi 
 an exquisitely beautiful figure appears rising from the 
 grave at the day of resurrection, whilst angels beckon 
 and seem to whisper, “ Come ! thou blessed !” 
 
 Near to this are marble monuments to the memory ol 
 her father, Henry Frankland, Esq., and of her mother : 
 of George Harris, Esq., citizen and alderman : of Sarah, 
 relict of Ernest Udney, Esq., a female figure well sculp¬ 
 tured, recumbent on a pillow, her head supported by 
 her left arm; she died April 13, 1811, aged 69 : of 
 Edward Madden of the Rifle Brigade, died March 22, 
 1819, aged 23 years : of the Rev. Charles Pilkington, 
 Canon-residentiary, who departed this life November 21, 
 1828, in the fifty-second year of his age. The subject 
 chosen for the display of the sculptor’s skill in this 
 monument is rather unusual : in it are depicted the 
 bread and cup used in administering the sacrament. 
 The drapery around the table is very skilfully executed. 
 Near to this is a very neat marble monument to the 
 memory of W. Ellis Nembhard, Esq., many years Ad¬ 
 jutant-general of Militia, and member of the House of 
 Assembly in Jamaica, who died December 13, 1829, 
 aged fifty-nine years. He had lived at Bognor a short 
 time, and died there, leaving' a widow to lament his 
 loss. 
 
 The Nave. We have already passed our humble 
 meed of praise for the improvements lately made in this 
 part of the church. Standing at the bottom of the nave 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDES 
 
 59 
 
 looking - towards die choir, the harmony that reigns 
 throughout is of a very pleasing character. The nave 
 iis formed by eight arcades upon piers, flanked by half¬ 
 columns, with half-spheroid capitals and a cable mould¬ 
 ing, under an upper and lower triforium, or open gal¬ 
 lery. Of the lower tier the heads are walled up, with 
 a patched surface, as at Rochester, and they consist of 
 two circular arches resting- upon a single pillar. Bishop 
 Slnirborne injudiciously introduced a low wall with an 
 embattled moulding within two feet of the capitals with 
 the evident intention of concealing - the rafters of the 
 i aisles, which has destroyed all proportion. The upper 
 triforium, or ambulatory, was by Bishop SeftVid, as an 
 addition to the original construction by Bishop Ralph. 
 The flourished capitals to the small columns, are made 
 to resemble the palm-tree, and were introduced into 
 England after the second crusade, because emblematical 
 of Palestine.* 
 
 Between the nave and the choir was the oratory of 
 Bishop Arundel, ad ostium chori, built before 1477, 
 which served as a dividing skreen, and supports the 
 organ. It consists of three arches, those on either side 
 having twice the width of that in the centre. The roof 
 is beautifully fretted, and the whole surmounted by 
 numerous small arches, in which gilded statues of saints 
 composed of wood or metal, were originally placed.f 
 
 * From Dallaway. 
 
 , + At an Episcopal Visitation in 1480, the following injunction was made: 
 “ Vicarius-choralis, qui ad stallum aliquid, ultimo receptus est, singulis 
 noctibus antiphonem IS. Mariir 1. coram imagine ejusdem juxta os¬ 
 tium chori, temporibus consuetis cantarct per totuin annum integrum.” 
 
60 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Here was an image of the Virgin Mary:* and under 
 the seventh arcade on the north side, was a shrine with 
 a fresco painting within an arched frame of stone, and 
 upon the spandrils two escutcheons bearing the arms of 
 Shurborne and Wykeham. Here was likewise the la¬ 
 vatory, formerly hid by the pews, and now placed at 
 the entrance into the church. Against the wall, near to 
 the new entrance to the organ loft, the following words, 
 
 in Gothic characters, appear : 
 
 £ - 
 
 j&anct &ugug 
 
 doctor ccclte 
 
 Bishop Arundel’s tomb is now removed underneath 
 the tower. 
 
 The additional aisles of the nave were erected in con¬ 
 sequence of the increase in the number of chantries, and 
 the necessity of separate oratories for services performed 
 in them. These were erected about the reig n of Edward 
 111., and a communication between the aisles was formed 
 by arches and piers, which are incrusted with small 
 reeded pillars, very thickly placed.-}- 
 
 Tomb of the Earl of Arundel. Opposite to Collins’s 
 monument is an ancient tomb on which are the effigies 
 of a man in armour with a lady at his feet, and com¬ 
 monly supposed to be the tomb of Richard Fitz-Alan, 
 Earl of Arundel. + The head of the figure reposes on 
 a coronet, and on his breast is a lion rampant, the ar¬ 
 morial bearing of that house. The figure of the lady 
 was originally placed by the side of that of her husband. 
 
 * From Dallaway. f Ibid. 
 
 J Certainly not of Roper Montgomeri, Earl of Arundel, for he was 
 buried at Wymundham (Windham) Abbey, which he founded. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Gl 
 
 Both the figures are of the age of Edward III. Mr. 
 Dallaway conjectures that these figures might have been 
 brought from the chapel of Lewes Abbey at the sup¬ 
 pression under Henry VIII., and placed as they are 
 here for want of room ; a cenotaph of the earls having- 
 been erected in that abbey. There is also here a cano¬ 
 pied monument of Caen stone, richly sculptured, with 
 a small female effigy, and round the table small figures 
 of pleureurs (weepers), which was intended for one of 
 that family.* 
 
 Collins's Monument. This celebrated monument is 
 the work of Flaxman. The expense of it was raised 
 by voluntary subscription, chiefly through the exertions 
 of the late Mr. Hayley. The following epitaph is the 
 joint production of that poet, and of Mr. Sargent, the 
 author of The Mine. 
 
 Ye who the merits of the dead revere, 
 
 Who hold misfortune sacred, genius dear, 
 
 Regard this tomh; where Collins’ hapless name 
 Solicits kindness with a double claim. 
 
 Tho’ nature gave him, and tho’ science taught, 
 
 The fire of fancy, and the reach of thought, 
 
 Severely doom’d to penury’s extreme, 
 
 He passed in maddening pain, life’s feverish dream ; 
 
 While rays of genius only served to shew 
 The thick’ning horror, and exalt his woe. 
 
 Ye walls that echoed to his frantic moan ! 
 
 Guard the due record of this grateful stone. 
 
 Strangers to him, enamour’d of his lays, 
 
 This fond memorial to his talents raise ; 
 
 For this, the ashes of a bard require, 
 
 Who touch'd the tenderest notes of pity’s lyre ; 
 
 Who join’d pure faith to strong poetic powers, 
 
 Who, in reviving reason’s lucid hours, 
 
 Sought on one book his troubled mind to rest. 
 
 And rightly deem’d the hook of God the best. 
 
 Collins is represented in a sitting posture, reposing bis 
 bead on bis left band, and reading attentively that “ best 
 
 Dallaway, p. 134. 
 
62 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 book” mentioned in the epitaph : two recumbent figures 
 said to represent Love and Pity,entwined in the arms of 
 each other, are placed on the pediment of the tablet. 
 
 Over the tomb of the Earl of Arundel is a marble 
 monument erected to the memory of Margaret, wife of 
 Thomas Ball, Archdeacon and Dean of this Cathedral. 
 The figure of the deceased is exquisitely beautiful, and 
 in the sculptor’s best style. The angel pointing to the 
 skies, whither the departed beauty is hastening, is hap¬ 
 pily conceived and executed. Another masterly effort 
 of the classical Flaxman, adorns this part of the church ; 
 the monument to the memory of an unfortunate youth 
 of the name of Quantock, who was drowned whilst 
 amusing- himself at skaiting. The father and mother of 
 of the deceased are kneeling in an attitude of over¬ 
 whelming grief, deploring the untimely fate of this their 
 beloved son ; and they who remember the countenance 
 of the father, can recognize a likeness between the marble 
 portrait and that of the original. 
 
 At the east end of this aisle is a range of small arches 
 and pilasters, where was the altar of Saint John the 
 Baptist. 
 
 Mr. Guy's Vault. In the nav e, near the western en¬ 
 trance, over a door way leading to a vault is this in¬ 
 scription : 
 
 Hoc Sepulchrum sibi suisque fieri curavit, 
 
 Gul. Guy, 1800* 
 
 Mr. Guy was an eminent surgeon, living at the house 
 situate on the west side of the west entrance or gateway 
 
 * This burial place was made bv William Guv, for himself and family 
 iu 1800. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 63 
 
 leading to the cathedral church yard. At the entrance 
 into the vault is a fine sculptured figure in stone, re¬ 
 presenting Time, which in fact was once the statue of 
 Neptune, adorned with a trident, and placed over the 
 public Conduit in the South Street, near the Cross, and 
 gave a certain classical appearance to that part of the 
 town ; but the conduit being taken down, the statue was 
 purchased by Mr. Guy and converted to its present 
 use. 
 
 THE CHOIR. 
 
 This beautiful part of the cathedral has lately under¬ 
 gone a complete renovation and repair. It has also been 
 extended by the removal of the altar skreen into a part 
 of the presbytery, and more ample room for pews has 
 been afforded by that measure, and by stopping up the 
 two side entrances from the north and south transepts. 
 If any fault can be found, we might perhaps object to 
 the rather too costly display of gilding in some parts of 
 this attractive portion of the cathedral ; but the effect of 
 the whole, comprising the elegant stalls, the lofty and 
 i magnificent organ, the bishop’s throne, the gallery, and 
 pews, is of a pleasing nature, and like the heavenly 
 music that issues from the deep-toned instrument before 
 us, produces a spirit of harmony in the mind. 
 
 The stalls were the w ork of Bishop Shurborne. The 
 organ was put up in 1667, and cost 300/. In the same 
 year ornaments were added to the amount of 180/. In 
 1731 the sum of 107/. was expended for wainscot in the 
 choir, and for the marble pavement 117/. 5s. Gd.* 
 
 * See Dean and Chapter's M.SS, cited by Mr. Dallaway 
 
G4 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 The turn-up seats of the stalls are of a ludicrous de¬ 
 scription. They are supposed to be the work of the 
 monks, and intended to be vehicles of satire between the 
 regular clergy and the mendicant and preaching friars, 
 who are represented as hogs, monkeys, &c. in sacerdotal 
 habits. 
 
 Musicians were formerly placed in a gallery at the 
 top of the altar skreen, when high mass was celebrated. 
 
 THE CHAPEL OF OUR LADY. 
 
 This now forms the library of the church. It was 
 built by Bishop Gilbert de Sancto Leofardo in the year 
 1290, and forms the eastern end of the fabric. It is said 
 to have been richly embellished, not only with the tomb 
 of its founder, but with shrines and altars. It now con¬ 
 tains a library of scarce and valuable works, relating to 
 divinity, the canon laws, English chronicles, books of 
 reference to Greek and Roman antiquities, fine early 
 editions of the classics, medallic history, and biography, 
 and other departments of literature. There is also a 
 beautiful manuscript by one of the monks, and it con¬ 
 tains certain antiques and reliques found in effecting the 
 late improvements and alterations; amongst them are, 
 part of a bishop’s crosier who was buried about the year 
 1300, and taken from his coffin July 21, 1829 : an ele¬ 
 gant piece of carved brass, found in pulling down an 
 arch in the triforium, representing a pair of hands clasp¬ 
 ing a heart, with the letters the; part of an ornamented 
 altar-piece found between two columns in the sanctum 
 sanctorum : a silver groat of Edward TIE, found in 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE 
 
 US 
 
 1830 in digging- near the bell-tower, and other curio¬ 
 sities. We also saw a curious lead cross, which was 
 found in the month of October, 1830, in digging a drain 
 round the south side of the cathedral, in the paradise, 
 with the following- inscription on it: 
 
 Absolvimus te Godfriile Epe. vice Sci. Petri principis Aptor. Dus. 
 dedit lig'amli atque solvendi potestatem ut quatu.. tua expetit ac- 
 cusatioet ad nos pertineat remiscio. Sittibi deus redejnptor ombs. 
 salusomm. peccatorum tuoruin pnus indubitor Amen, vii Kal. 
 OctobrisinfestivitateSci.Firmini epi.et Mr. obiit Godefridus eps. 
 
 Cicestrensisipso die v Luna; fuit. * “Sepultus,” perhaps 
 
 omitted. 
 
 Th is leaden cross was found near the stone coffin of 
 Bishop Godfrey, now removed to the south transept. 
 This bishop was consecrated in the year 1087 or 1088, 
 in the time of William Rufus, and died in the ensuing- 
 year. He is called also William, and Galfride as well 
 as Godfrey. The annals are silent concerning him, and 
 what crime he was charged with to require the absolu¬ 
 tion of the pope, does not appeal-. 
 
 Other antiques are in the library, of which, and of 
 the discoveries made in the late improvements and al¬ 
 terations, an account, with many valuable engravings, 
 has been given to the public by Mr. King, of Chiche¬ 
 ster, whose delineations are remarkable for their fidelity 
 and exactness. 
 
 * We, representing Saint Peter, the prince of the apostles,to whom God 
 gave the power of binding and loosing, absolve thee. Bishop Godfrey, so 
 tar as your accusation requires, and the right of remission of sins to us be¬ 
 longs. May God the redeemer be your salvation, and the merciful tbrgiver 
 of all your sins, Amen On the kalends (that, is, the 26th) of October, on 
 the feast-day of Saint Firmin, Bishop and Martyr, died Godfrey, Bishop 
 •>f Chichester, and on the very day, the fifth of the moon even, was buried. 
 
 K 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 ()() 
 
 We may here observe, that it seems to be the opinioi 
 of the author of the Chichester Guide published in 1810 
 that the old church, before the fire of 1186, terminated 
 at the entrance of the Lady’s Chapel, and that thehigl 
 altar stood at this spot. The situation of the tombs o 
 Bishops Ralph and Seffrid, the builders of the church 
 confirms the conjecture, it having been the custom tc 
 bury the builders of churches somewhere near the altar 
 and these have never been removed from their original 
 spot. He also concludes, from the circumstance ol 
 Bishop Ralph’s tomb not having been injured by the 
 fire, that the church was not built of wood, as general!) 
 supposed. 
 
 duke of Richmond’s vault. 
 
 This cemetery is underneath our Lady’s Chapel. In 
 it repose the ashes of the first duke and his several suc¬ 
 cessors, with other branches of the family. On a mar¬ 
 ble tablet at the end of the vault is this inscription : 
 
 SIBI ET sms POSTERISQUE EORUM HOC HYPOGEUM VIVUS 
 FIERI CURAVIT CAROLUS RICHMONDI* LIVINI.E ET AL- 
 BINIACI DUX ANNO Ell.E CIIRISTIAN.E MDCCL. IIAEC ESI 
 DOMUS ULTIMA * 
 
 The concluding words gave rise to the following neat 
 epigram by Dr. Clarke: 
 
 Did he who thus inscribed this wall, 
 
 Not read, or not believe Saint Paul 5 
 Who says there is—where’er it stands, 
 
 Another house, not built with hands. 
 
 Or may we gather from these words, 
 
 That house is not a house—for Lords? 
 
 * Charles Duke of Richmond, Lennox, and Aubigny, caused this vault 
 to he made for himself and family, in the year 1750 of the Christian ara 
 This is the lust house 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 07 
 
 DIMENSIONS OF THE CATHEDRAL ACCORDING TO 
 MR. DALLAWAY. 
 
 Nave —From the west entrance to the entrance of the choir 151 feet long 
 ind 26 feet wide. Original aisles 12 feet, additional aisles 14 feet. Total 
 internal width 97 feet. Vaulting of the nave 61 feet 6 inches. 
 
 Transept —129 feet long and 34 feet wide. 
 
 Choir —From the west entrance to the altar skreen 100 feet long* and 
 >6 feet wide. Aisles 12 feet wide. Total internal width 60 feet. Vaulting 
 if the choir 59 feet 2 inches; under the great tower 67 feet. 
 
 Presbytery —From the altar skreen to the east window 40 feet,f and 
 rom thence to the entrance of the library 39 feet. 
 
 Library, or Chapel of Our Lady—47 feet long and 21 feet wide. 
 
 Cloisters —West side 84 feet long by 14 feet 6 inches wide. South 
 198 feet long by 10 feet 4 inches wide. East side 122 feet 4 inches long by 
 10 feet 3 inches wide. 
 
 Total external length of the church from east to west 407 feet. 
 
 Spire— 271 feet. 
 
 We thus conclude our description of the cathedral, 
 under a sure consciousness that we have not done jus¬ 
 tice to the subject; and that there are several things 
 worthy of observation within the walls of this venerable 
 structure, not taken notice of, or not amply described ; 
 more particularly since the late repairs and improve¬ 
 ments. Of the latter, and of certain discoveries in con¬ 
 sequence, the following 1 account was lately published : 
 
 “ By the removal of some large masses of stone in the 
 cathedral, there appeared two stone coffins, the lids of 
 which having 1 an episcopal staff carved on them, de¬ 
 noted a deposit that eventually proved very interesting. 
 Each of these coffins was of one entire stone. The one 
 first opened presented the appearance of a body, which 
 it the time of its interment, was splendidly decorated in 
 piscopal vestments, with a pastoral staff placed diago¬ 
 nally across it over the right leg, with the crook across 
 
 | * Lengthened in 1830 about six feet, by removing the altar skreen into 
 lie presbytery. 
 
 4 Diminished by taking the above six feet into the choir. 
 
<>* CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 the left shoulder. On the left breast was placed a hand¬ 
 some shaped chalice and paten of pewter. Under the 
 right hand, which crossed the centre of the body, was 
 found a gold ring, with a black stone of the size and 
 shape of a barley corn. The exploration of the second 
 coffin completely eclipsed the importance of the first, 
 owing to the superior magnificence of the deposit, and 
 the once beautiful and splendid dress in which the body 
 was enveloped. There was no appearance of a mitre 
 or dress on the head, but the remains of a cowl were 
 evident, which had been placed round the neck. The 
 inner dress, or shroud, was wound round the body many 
 times, over which were the episcopal vestments, fringed 
 across the knees and sides of the legs. Under this 
 fringed garment appeared a skit t, reaching to the leather 
 shoes, the heels of which were raised by means of wood 
 inclosed in the leather. The right arm crossed the body 
 on the hip. in order to hold the pastoral staff placed 
 diagonally across the body, the ferule of which rested 
 at the bottom corner of the coffin, outside the right foot, 
 continuing" over the body and terminating across the left 
 shoulder, with a handsome gothic crook of hard black 
 and highly-polished bone attached to the staff by a gold 
 socket, highly ornamented with a bird and foliag'e. The 
 beauty of the chalice and paten found upon the left 
 breast astonished the beholders, arising from their per¬ 
 fect state, their elegance of shape, and the neatness of 
 the workmanship. The paten, which was six inches in 
 diameter, had an inverted border within an inch of the 
 outside, in the centre of which was engraven a hand 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 fif) 
 
 giving' tlie benediction between a star and a crescent. 
 Of these remains, before they were touched, a drawing 
 was made by Mr. King in the position they lay ; after 
 which search was made for the episcopal ring, which 
 was found under the right hand. It was a highly-po¬ 
 lished transparent agate, in some places of a deep reddish 
 I colour, beautifully set in gold, and as strong as when 
 first mounted. This handsome piece of workmanship 
 consisted of a matrix serving for the episcopal seal, en¬ 
 graved with a device resembling a peacock’s head and 
 neck tufted on the top and wattled, and thrown over the 
 head and shoulders of a grotesque figure, Mho held a 
 baton in the right hand and a shield in the other. The 
 feet Mere turned up on each side, and terminated with 
 the head of a dog or fox instead of shoes. The length of 
 each coffin was seven feet; of the pastoral staff’ five feet 
 : eight inches ; and the last mentioned skeleton was five 
 f feet three inches, and the other five feet nine inches.” 
 
 I 
 
 THE CLOISTERS. 
 
 These Mere intended as ambulatories for the many 
 priests, formerly belonging to the cathedral, for exercise, 
 or perhaps in Mhich to give lectures. In 1250 Boniface, 
 Archbishop of Canterbury, ordained a Divinity Lec¬ 
 ture for the prebendary of Wittering, who was sworn 
 Se lecturum in claustro Cicestrensis temporibus oppor- 
 tunis—To gice lectures in the cloisters at opportune 
 times. There were, as we have before observed, in the 
 cathedral, various chantries or oratories, and private 
 
70 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 chapels, in which masses were said for the souls of the 
 deceased, by priests assigned for that purpose, who had 
 certain revenues attached to their office by the mistaken 
 piety of the founders; and these cloisters, which were 
 not then, as now, with open lights, but were glazed, 
 Mere convenient and pleasant promenades for the nu¬ 
 merous clergy officiating in the cathedral. 
 
 The cloisters were unroofed and defaced by the soldiers 
 in 1643, but were repaired by Bishop Carlton. The raf¬ 
 ters are of Irish oak, where spiders never resort. Beneath 
 the pavement are vaults for the interment of the dead. 
 The visitor will no doubt pause over that of the cele¬ 
 brated Chillingworth, who died at the Bishop’s Palace 
 adjoining, in consequence of the hardships he had un¬ 
 dergone at the siege of Arundel Castle by the parlia¬ 
 mentarians, in which he w as one of the stoutest defenders, 
 but on its surrender became their prisoner, and was 
 lodged at the palace. He was well acquainted with the 
 Roman arts of defence, and sought to put some of them 
 into practice in the defence of this castle, but it soon 
 yielded to the canon of the Protector’s army.* 
 
 The inscription on the monument of this celebrated 
 man, describes him as an invincible champion of the 
 English against the Romish church ; that he M as born 
 and educated at Oxford, and M as fellow of Trinity there, 
 and also chancellor of Salisbury Cathedral. Ilis most 
 
 * Iu the estimation of Tillotson, Chillingworth was “the glory of his age 
 anil nation.” Ami Locke has said, “ I proposed the constant reading of 
 Chillingworth, who, by his example, will both teach perspicuity, and the 
 way of right reasoning better than any 7 man l know.” Harrington,the ce¬ 
 lebrated author of Oceana, was his pupil 
 
CIIICIIESTER GUIDE. 
 
 7! 
 
 I celebrated work was, The safe way to Salvation ; or 
 the Religion of the Protestants ; of which many editions 
 were published. Clarendon says he was persecuted by 
 the clergy that attended the army, with all the inhu¬ 
 manity imaginable, so that by their barbarous usage he 
 died in a few days. At his interment a most disgraceful 
 scene took place. A Dr. Cheynell, one of those hypo¬ 
 critical priests that joined the fanatics of the day, pre¬ 
 tended to have a mighty regard for the soul and body 
 ! of Chillingworth: and in a work published by him, 
 after the death of the latter, he says, “ I took all the care 
 of his body I could, when he was sick, and will (as far 
 as he was innocent) take care of his fame and reputa¬ 
 tion now he is dead. My heart teas moved with com¬ 
 passion towards him. 1 gave him many visits, but 
 i seldom found him in fit case to discourse. (Most pro¬ 
 bably the high-minded champion repelled w ith scorn 
 the interference of this meddling priest). I w ill be bold 
 to say, (he adds), that I have been more sorrowful for 
 Mr. Chillingworth, and merciful to him, than his friends 
 at Oxford. His sickness and his obstinacy cost me 
 many a prayer , and many a tear /” 
 
 And now let us see in what w ay this puritanical Doc¬ 
 tor evinced his care of the fame and reputation of the de¬ 
 parted scholar. Appearing at the grave with the book 
 entitled A safe way to Salvation, in his hand, and hold¬ 
 ing it up over the last remains of the author, he expa¬ 
 tiated, in the presence of the assembled multitude, on 
 the dangerous doctrines it contained, and exclaimed, 
 “ Get thee gone, thou cursed brok, which has seduced 
 
7-2 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 so many precious souls! get thee gone, thou corrupt, 
 rotten book ! Earth to earth, and dust to dust! Get 
 thee gone to the place of rottenness, that thou mayst rot 
 with thy author, and see corruption.” So saying he 
 flung the book into the grave : and this account is given 
 by himself! A grosser instance of cool maliguity and 
 heartless malice, under the mask of Justice, is not to be 
 found on record. 
 
 He proceeds thus: “ So much for the burial of his 
 errors. Touching the burial of his corpse, I need say 
 no more than this. It will be most proper for men of 
 his persuasion to commit the body of their deceased 
 friend, brother, master, to the dust; and it will be more 
 proper for me to harken to that counsel of my Saviour, 
 Let the dead bury their dead, but go thou and preach 
 the kingdom of God. And so I went from the grave 
 and preached on that text to the congregation.”* 
 
 LIST OF PERSONS NOW ATTACHED TO THE 
 CATHEDRAL. 
 
 The Bishop. His Chancellor, or Vicar-General. 
 
 The Dean. The Dean and Chapter. 
 
 Thirty Prebendaries, four of whom are called to residence, and 
 are called Canons Residentiary. 
 
 The Precentor. The Chancellor of the Cathedral. 
 
 The Treasurer—the two Archdeacons—the four Vicars Choral, or 
 Minor Canons—the Organist. 
 
 Four Lay Clerks, or Singing men—six Choristers—two Virgers, 
 or Bedesmen—and two Sextons. 
 
 THE BISHOP’S PALACE. 
 
 The principal entrance into this ancient and venerable 
 edifice, of which we are now to treat, is through very 
 spacious doors at the end of Canon-lane. The private 
 
 Dallaway, p. 172. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 73 
 
 entrance is from (he cloisters and the church yard near 
 the palace chapel. 
 
 From the discovery of a Roman pavement and coins, 
 in repairing - the building's, it appears to have been erect¬ 
 ed upon the scite of a Roman villa. It is now a spaci¬ 
 ous and commodious modern building, having two 
 wings connected by an open corridor, and containing 
 apartments well suited to the residence of the head of the 
 Cathedral church. This is now the only episcopal re¬ 
 sidence in the diocese, though formerly, as we have else¬ 
 where observed, the bishops of this see had several other 
 palaces, viz., at Cakeham, in the parish of Westwitter- 
 ing - , in Aldingbourne, and Leythorne, as well as the 
 Castle of Amberley.* The bishops anciently lived in 
 a style of baronial magnificence; and whenever they 
 travelled, had a vast retinue.f 
 
 It has been supposed that the scite of part of this re¬ 
 sidence was that of the ancient monastery, or of that of 
 the adjoining nunnery of Saint Peter. The kitchen is 
 of the ancient conventual form. The hall was anciently 
 applied not only, to the purposes of hospitality, but 
 likewise for a judicial trial; and there is an instance in 
 the Bishop’s Register of 1400, where one William Lewis, 
 Prior of Sele, was summoned before the Bishop, in his 
 palace-hall, + to answer to a charge made against him. 
 Bishop Slnirborne expended with his usual munificence, 
 
 * The town residence of the bishop was on the scite of Lincoln's Inn. 
 
 + Bishopricks were erected into Baronies by YY illiam the Conqueror^ 
 at his coming* into England; and, as a special mark ot honour, three 
 kings, viz.) of England, Scotland, and Wales, in the year 1200, carried os 
 their shoulders Hugh, Bishop ot Lincoln, to the grave. 
 
 X In aula sua infra palatium Cicestrensis. 
 
 L 
 
 
74 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 considerable sums in ornamenting and repairing this 
 palace. He divided the old hall into a lower and upper 
 apartment. The refectory, or dining room, is magni¬ 
 ficent. The ceiling is painted in compartments with 
 gothic scrolls, and with the coat armour of the neigh¬ 
 bouring nobility and gentry, cotemporary with the 
 bishop. In each compartment their initials are ciphers 
 placed in a conspicuous form, and described in gothic 
 character. Amongst the armorial bearings, are those of 
 the great families of the Earl of Arundel, of La War, 
 and Cantelupe. The escutcheon of Bishop Shurborne 
 is enseigned with a red hat, which was sometimes as¬ 
 sumed by prelates under the degree of a cardinal, and 
 is designated by strings tyed with ten meshes or knots. 
 The cyphers at the angles of the compartments are of 
 ?i? It, Henry VIII. and Queen Caroline ; 02# SI, William 
 Earl of Arundel; ® X, Thomas Lord La War; X? ©, Sir 
 Henry Owen ; j&, the Bishop. In the south window 
 
 is an escutcheon, in stained glass, enseigned with a mitre, 
 with a cognizance of the late Bishop Buckner, who, on 
 his succeeding to the see, found the palace much dila¬ 
 pidated, and laid out a large sum in the ornamenting and 
 repairing it. His alterations and improvements are re¬ 
 corded on a stone tablet placed against the wall of the 
 corridor. 
 
 The garden, comprising part of the ancient ramparts 
 of the city, now a terrace, contains about eight acres, 
 and the whole, as we have before seen, was given by 
 Roger de Montgomery, and afterwards confirmed by 
 William d’Albini and Queen Adoliza, his wife, at the 
 high altar of the cathedral. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 75 
 
 A very handsome Gothic Chapel is attached to the 
 palace. It is of the age of Henry III., and sufficiently 
 large for the celebration of ordinations. The door-case 
 has a Norman moulding, and is circular. Marriages 
 have sometimes been performed in this chapel, of which 
 a register is extant. 
 
 The palace and the manor of the Broil, were sold 
 during Cromwell’s usurpation, to Colonel John Downes, 
 for 1209/. 6s., who also purchased Canon-gate manor, 
 belonging to the dean and chapter.* 
 
 THE DEANRY, 
 
 Was built in 1725, by the celebrated Dr. Sherlock, 
 afterwards Bishop of London, at a great expense. The 
 ancient deanry house stood upon part of the city wall, 
 at the back of the present deanry garden. 
 
 HOUSES OF THE CANONS RESIDENTIARY, 
 
 ETC. 
 
 There are only two of these remaining. In one of 
 them, occupied by the senior residentiary, is an arch¬ 
 way of the earliest Norman style, and supposed to have 
 been part of the ancient monastery of Saint Peter, pro¬ 
 bably brought here after the destruction of Saint Peter 
 juxta Gildenhall; and there is also a window with the 
 arms of Weston, which were borne on a banner by 
 William Weston, Prior of Saint John of Jerusalem in 
 England, in 1541. Mr. Dallaway thinks this house to 
 be of higher antiquity than the cathedral itself. The 
 
 * From Dallaway. 
 
76 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE, 
 
 other houses of the canons residentiary, together with 
 that of the chancellor, were demolished by the parlia¬ 
 mentary army in 1642-3. 
 
 THE TREASURER’S HOUSE 
 
 Is on the left of the avenue leading to the private en¬ 
 trance to the palace. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION. 
 
 The Bishop of Chichester has two spiritual courts and 
 two registries, for proving wills and granting marriage 
 licences, and letters of administration of intestates’ effects, 
 viz., one at Chichester and one at Lewes. 
 
 The Archbishop has a court and a registry at Chi¬ 
 chester, for the peculiar parishes within the diocese. 
 
 The Dean of Chichester has a peculiar jurisdiction 
 of his own within the several parishes of St. Peter the 
 Great, St. Andrew, St. Bartholomew, St. Martin, St. 
 Olave, St. Peter the Less, St. Pancras, and those of 
 New T Fishbourne and Rumboldswyke; and has also his 
 court of peculiars for the trial of spiritual offences, and 
 the grant of marriage licences, probates of w ills, and 
 letters of administration within those parishes. But 
 such his jurisdiction is inhibited and suspended for a 
 certain space of time, during the triennial visitation of 
 the bishop. The dean has also the sole patronage of 
 the vicaraare of Aldimrbourne. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 77 
 
 VICARS CHORAL. 
 
 This ecclesiastical body appears to have originated 
 from their being 1 originally employed to perform the 
 duties attached to the prebendaries of the cathedral, who 
 being called to residence on their parochial benefices, 
 or desirous of residing thereon, procured a dispensation 
 from the bishop to excuse them from fulfilling their 
 duties in the cathedral, on their employing some priest 
 instead. This gave rise to the appellation vicarius, ca- 
 nonicus minor, or parvus canonicus, who was generally 
 selected from amongst the number of priests attached to 
 the cathedral, for the service of the various chantries es¬ 
 tablished therein. At length, both in this and other 
 cathedrals, it was deemed proper to incorporate the 
 “ vicars” into a body ; and, as early as the eighteenth 
 Richard II. (1395), as before noticed, the ancient guild¬ 
 hall of the city having been, the year preceding, sur¬ 
 rendered to the crown, the same was granted to the 
 bishop in mortmain, for the habitation of the vicars, and 
 a refectory and dormitory, a college gate-way, cloisters 
 and other conventual buildings were erected. Parts ot 
 these buildings are still remaining, as described in a 
 former part of this work*. The charter of incorporation 
 of the present vicars bears date the fifth of Edward IN . 
 (140-1). The body formerly consisted of twelve vicars, 
 but there are now only five. It was the duty of the 
 prebendaries and of their vicars, to sing at the high altar ; 
 the deacons read the prayers, and the subdeacons carried 
 the crucifix in procession. 1 his body is very well en- 
 
 * Sec page 23 
 
78 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 dowed. Their common seal is very handsome, and ex¬ 
 hibits the figure of a bishop standing under a gothic 
 gate-way, in his right hand his pastoral staff. By a 
 statute of Bishop Shurborne, it is ordained, that his pre¬ 
 bendary of Bursalis shall be incorporated w ith the 
 vicars, and be a partaker of their emoluments. 
 
 The four lay clerks, or singing men, were also founded 
 by the same bishop. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 The Minor Churches , and Dissenting Places 
 of Worship. 
 
 Of the parish churches there are seven, two of which, 
 viz., St. Peter the Great, otherwise Subdeanry, and St. 
 Pancras, are partly within the w'alls of the city, and 
 partly without; and one, that of St. Bartholomew, which 
 was destroyed by the parliamentary army at the siege 
 of Chichester, and has been recently rebuilt, is situate 
 without the walls.* 
 
 ST. PETER THE GREAT, OR SUBDEANRY. 
 
 This church, as before observed, forms the north 
 transept of the cathedral, and is supposed to have been 
 built on, or near, the scite of the ancient monastery of 
 Saint Peter. Until lately the access to this church was 
 
 * There were formerly two other churches, the one St. Mary in Foro, 
 (or St. Mary in the Market), the scite of which is now occupied by three 
 houses in the East Street, the easternmost belonging- to Mr. Weller; and 
 the other church was St. Mary sub Castro, (under the Castle), near the 
 Priory, which was destroyed many years ago. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 79 
 
 from the interior of the cathedral; but a new avenue 
 has been made from the church-yard, near the West 
 Street. It is a vicarage, and the vicar is called The 
 Subdean. 
 
 That part of the parish that is within the walls of the 
 city, comprises the Close, the West Street, and parts of 
 the North, East, and South Streets. 
 
 The Subdean is entitled to receive four shilling's and 
 four pence from every house in the parish of the annual 
 rent of twenty shillings and upwards.* The benefice is 
 also endowed with (amongst other property) twenty 
 pounds per annum from the Dean and Chapter, or their 
 Lessees, out of the impropriation of the tithes of Rum- 
 boldswyke and Fishbourne; and with lands in South- 
 mundham, purchased in 1723 from Queen Ann’s Bounty. 
 There is also an excellent residence attached to it, which 
 was some years since rebuilt by the Rev. Bartholomew 
 Middleton, the late Subdean. 
 
 No monuments of any note are to be found in this 
 church. 
 
 The first entry in the parish register is 1558, in which 
 are copied terriers of the year 1635 and 1713. The 
 Parliamentary Survey of 1649, in the possession of the 
 Dean and Chapter, states the particulars of the endow¬ 
 ment of this benefice. 
 
 SAINT ANDREW, 
 
 Forms only part of the East Street and the Little 
 London. The church is supposed to have been rebuilt 
 
 In KilO there were 185 houses subject to this payment. 
 
so 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 about the reign of Henry VII. It is situated behind 
 the houses near the centre of the street. Against the 
 south wall of the chancel is the efiigy of a man kneeling, 
 habited in an alderman’s dress. This is of John Cawley, 
 who had been mayor, and was, 1 believe, the father of 
 the regicide. He, John, according to the register of this 
 parish, was buried in May, 1621. The armorial bear¬ 
 ings on the monument are, Sable, a chevron ermine be¬ 
 tween three swan’s heads erased argent, armed or, Caw¬ 
 ley, with two impalements. 1. Argent, a chevron be¬ 
 tween three Cornish choughs, gules. 2. Sable, a chev¬ 
 ron between three escallops, argent. The next entry of 
 any note in the registry, relates to Alderman Collins, 
 ob. 1734, a?t. 60, grandfather of the poet. Colonel 
 Edward Martin, 1748, the friend of the poet. William 
 Collins, the poet himself, 1759, set. 39. 
 
 SAINT MARTIN 
 
 Is situate in St. Martin’s Lane. The church was, a 
 few years ago, thoroughly renovated at the expense of 
 Mrs. Martha Dear, with the addition of a sum paid by 
 each parishioner for the new pews. A small marble 
 tablet, with a has relief, records her munificence. She 
 was the eldest daughter of John Dear, Esq., Alderman 
 and Town-Clerk, and a niece and devisee of Francis 
 Dear, Esq., Solicitor. She devised the chief part of 
 her property to the late Rev. W. Walker. 
 
 This church is peculiarly neat: all the pews are of 
 carved oak, and of gothic structure, which is the preva¬ 
 lent style throughout the whole edifice. In the east win- 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 81 
 
 (low, in stained glass, are the arms of Dear quartered 
 with those of Liekford. 
 
 The benefice is a rectory held by sequestration. The 
 earliest date of the register is in 1598. The register 
 contains an entry of the burial of Sir John Farrington, 
 in 1685, which family had their first establishment in 
 this parish. 
 
 SAINT OLAVE, 
 
 Is situated in the North Street, and is the smallest of 
 the parishes. St. Olave, according - to Mr. Dallaway, 
 was a canonized King of Norway, and came to England 
 in 1014, to assist TEthelred in the expulsion of the Danes, 
 and died in 1028. Perhaps his popularity on that oc¬ 
 casion caused churches to be dedicated to him by the 
 Christians of the day, as not oidy in London, but in dif¬ 
 ferent counties, several bear his name. The living is a 
 rectory, and attached to it are the tithes and agistment 
 of lands in the Broil, and an acre of glebe near the 
 North Gate. The chief monumental inscriptions are to 
 Roger Collins, incumbent forty-five years, who died in 
 1707, aged eighty-three; and by the arms appears to 
 be of the poet’s family of that name : and to John Wake- 
 ford, gentleman, in 1731, who was a solicitor and chap¬ 
 ter clerk ; also in 1764, John Smith, and 1776, George 
 Smith, landscape painter. 
 
 SAINT PETER THE LESS, 
 
 Anciently called Saint Peter sub Castro. The an¬ 
 cient church of the latter name was taken down in 1229, 
 at the time that St. Mary’s Hospital was founded, and 
 
 M 
 
82 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 having then two parishioners only. This church was 
 soon afterwards built. It stands on the east side of the 
 North Street, near the upper end, and has only a single 
 aisle. It is a rectory in the gift of the Dean and Chap¬ 
 ter. 
 
 The register commences at 1(579. The monumental in- 
 scriptions are John Comber, Esq. who died 1684,aged 83. 
 His sister Mary married Mark Miller, Esq., Alderman, 
 whose son, Thomas, became Sir Thomas Miller, Bart. 
 Catherine, wife of Carew Weeks, daughter of Sir Thomas 
 Parkyns, of Nottingham, ob. 1749. Ann Greene, widow 
 of George Greene, and before widow of the Right Rev. 
 Dr. Robert Butts, Bishop of Ely, by whom she had five 
 daughters, ob. 1781. 
 
 ALL SAINTS, OR THE PALLANT. 
 
 Called in some ancient writings Omnium Sanctorum 
 in Palentino sive Palentia, and in others All Hallows 
 within the Pallant; a word of doubtful origin. Mr. 
 Dallaway states that there is evidence of the word Pal¬ 
 lant being used as early as the second of John, and that 
 a family of this name remained as proprietors until the 
 reign of Richard II., and quotes various ancient autho¬ 
 rities in proof thereof. It is not however described by 
 this name in Domesday, but is there mentioned with 
 Pagham as belonging to the Archbishop of Canterbury 
 and is one of his peculiars. The present edifice, how¬ 
 ever, cannot boast of very remote antiquity, as it was re¬ 
 built about the year 1488, and consecrated in that year. 
 Two hundred years before that, viz. in 1*282, it further 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 83 
 
 appears that Archbishop Peckham collated Thomas le 
 Cozenor, clerk, to the church of All Saints in the Pal- 
 lant, Chichester, and issued his mandate to the Arch¬ 
 deacon of Pagliam to induct him into the same.* 
 
 Anciently, as before observed, a market cross was 
 situated in the centre of the four streets, the tolls of which 
 were received for the archbishop. The Prior of Saint 
 John of Jerusalem, which priory was at Rumboldswyke, 
 possessed certain tenements in the Pallant. These, after 
 the dissolution of monastic buildings, were granted, in 
 the sixth of Edward VI., to the mayor and citizens of 
 Chichester, and it is therein directed, that the inhabi¬ 
 tants, as well of the Pallant as of “ Lyttel London,” 
 should thenceforth be obedient to the said mayor and 
 commonalty ; whence we infer, that the civil jurisdiction 
 of the archbishop, who formerly held, in the Pallant, a 
 court of view of frank-pledge, thenceforth ceased.f 
 The church is situate in the W est Pallant, and has 
 a nave only. In it are still held the ecclesiastical courts 
 belonging to the archbishop’s peculiar. The benefice 
 is rectorial, with a small glebe and payments from the 
 
 * Register Peckham Lambeth folio 52, b., ([noted by Mr. Dallaway. 
 f The establishment of this court was one of the wise acts of the immor¬ 
 tal Alfred, and in those loose and disorderly times became necessary. By 
 it every free-born man of fourteen years of age, (except religious persons, 
 clerks, knights and their eldest sons), should find surety for his fidelity 
 towards the king and his subjects, or else he kept in prison; whereupon a 
 certain number of neighbours usually became bound one for another: so 
 that whosoever offended, it was forthwith inquired in what pledge he was, 
 and then they of that pledge either brought him forth within thirty-one 
 days to answer for the offence, or satisfied it for him. The pledges were 
 usually taken by the Sheriff in his County Court, but the Archbishop and 
 some other ecclesiastical bodies, had a peculiar and separate jurisdiction 
 within certain districts, besides which they sat with the Sheriff at his tuurn 
 
84 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 bouses as in Subdeanry. The register commences in 
 1563. 
 
 In the register are copies of the terriers of 1635 and 
 1673. There are some excellent residences in this quiet 
 and genteel spot; of which, those of Dr. Sanden, the 
 late Colonel Brereton, Joseph Godman, Esq., and John 
 Marsh, Esq. stand pre-eminent. Dr. Sanden’s mansion 
 is built on part of the confiscated estate of Cawley, and 
 \vas granted by Charles II. to James Duke of York, who, 
 in 1663, sold it to Henry Lord Brounker, and having 
 been devised to Sir Charles Lyttleton, w r as sold by him 
 to Dr. Sanden’s grandfather. By the present proprietor 
 it has been ornamented and improved, and the gTounds 
 laid out with singular felicity. The views from the an¬ 
 cient rampart of the city, which forms the south-east 
 boundary of the plantation, over a rich inland country, 
 are of a gratifying description. 
 
 SAINT PANCRASS. 
 
 This parish is partly within and partly without the 
 walls of the city, and receives its name from St. Pan- 
 cratius, a Bishop of Constantine, in the Island of Cyprus. 
 
 The church was erected about the year 1750, by sub¬ 
 scription, in lieu of the old church, which was battered 
 (Iom n in the preceding century, during the siege of Chi¬ 
 chester by the Parliamentary army. The names of the 
 subscribers are written on a tablet in the church, and 
 the arms of some of them inserted in stained glass in the 
 window's. 
 
 Before the reign of Henry HI. (1216) there was a 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 85 
 
 church without the walls of this parish, which in 12:39 
 M as ordered to be demolished, but for M’hat reason does 
 not appear. In the fifteenth of Edward III. (1347), 
 there were only seven parishioners. 
 
 In 1627 George Oglander, Esq. was patron of the ad- 
 vowson. In a suit in the Exchequer, Edge v. Oglander, 
 a modus of eight pounds paid at Michaelmas, by the oc¬ 
 cupier of Kingsham farm, Mas confirmed. A small 
 portion of the glebe lies in Portfield. The church-yard 
 is appropriated as a cemetery for several other parishes 
 besides St. Pancras. In this cemetery was formerly a 
 chapel dedicated to St. Mary, which Mas built by Bishop 
 Neville in 1240, who endowed it with twelve marks* per 
 annum, for the maintenance of two chaplains, mIio M ere 
 to celebrate masses for all the deceased buried there ; 
 to which Mas added a chantry founded by John Stubbs 
 and Mabel his wife. At the dissolution of monasteries 
 the chantry lands were sold and the chapel destroyed. 
 
 The herbage of the church yard belongs to the bishop’s 
 lessee, under whom the adjoining lands are held as part 
 of the great Broil estate belonging to the see. 
 
 In the suburbs of this parish is an extra-parochial 
 place, called Saint James’s, which formerly belonged to 
 the Earls of Arundel, with the tolls of two annual fairs 
 anciently of great resort whilst the manufacture of needles 
 flourished at Chichester, whose artizans in that trade 
 chiefly resided in this quarter. A small fair, only resort¬ 
 ed to now by children and idle people, is still kept up. 
 
 * A mark was 13.?. 4 <1. 
 
8G 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Upon the Lavant in this suburb, was formerly a mill, 
 called the king’s mill, which was demised by Richard, 
 Earl of Cornwall, in 1231, to the Hospital of Saint 
 James, and was used as a fulling mill. The scite now 
 belongs to the mayor and citizens.* 
 
 Kingsham Farm is part of the parish, and will be de¬ 
 scribed hereafter. 
 
 SAINT BARTHOLOMEW, 
 
 Is without the West Gate of the city, and in Pope 
 Nicholas’s valuation, as also in the survey of the deanry 
 taken by order of Henry VIII. was denominated Saint 
 Sepulchre. The church, as before observed, was de¬ 
 stroyed by Sir William Waller’s forces in 1642. A new 
 church, by voluntary subscription, has been recently 
 erected. The benefice is vicarial, 
 
 NEW TOWN, OR SAINT JOHN’S. 
 
 This is part of the ancient scite of the monastery of 
 Black Friars, belonging to Earl Roger, which for many 
 years past had been the property of Mr. Page, formerly 
 Member of Parliament for Chichester, and descended 
 to his grand-daughter, Miss Thomas, sole heiress of 
 George Thomas, Esq. of Watergate House, and wife of 
 Major-general Crosbie, who sold the same in building 
 lots. 
 
 The present chapel was erected by subscription, and 
 was consecrated by the bishop of the diocese on the 24th 
 of September, 1813, and dedicated to Saint John the 
 
 * The Earl of Cornwall was immensely rich. He was brother to King 
 Henry III., and in 1255 was elected King of the Romans. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 87 
 
 Evangelist. The interior describes an oblong octagon 
 of eighty feet by fifty, and with the area set apart for 
 two hundred and fifty poor persons, and the galleries 
 and aisles, will contain nine hundred persons. The total 
 expense was more than seven thousand pounds. The 
 chapel and seats are regulated by an Act of Parliament. 
 The dean, canons, residentiary, archdeacon, precentor, 
 and mayor are perpetual trustees. The pews may be 
 let or sold, and a register is kept of the rents payable 
 for the same, which may be recovered by warrant of 
 distress from a magistrate. The right of presentation is 
 in the trustees. In case of an equality of votes, the no¬ 
 mination belongs to the bishop, to whom, in case of no 
 appointment after a vacancy for six months, the right of 
 nomination belongs, The trustees may appoint a trea¬ 
 surer, clerk, Stc., with salaries, and remove them at 
 pleasure. Proceedings must be signed by the chair¬ 
 man. Eighty pounds per annum is to be paid to the 
 minister, and a further sum according to the rent of the 
 pews, as mentioned in the act. The clerk is to be nomi- 
 i nated by the minister, and his salary is not to exceed 
 twenty pounds per annum. 
 
 DISSENTING CHAPELS. 
 
 The Unitarian Cliapel is the oldest, and is situate in 
 Baffin’s Lane, near Saint Johns’; the Baptist chapel is 
 just without East Gate, in the Hornet. No meetings 
 have been held in the latter for many years past. 
 
 The Independent Chapel is situate in Cliapel Street, 
 leading out of West Street, and is a neat and spacious 
 
88 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 building'. It formerly belonged to Lady Huntingdon’s 
 connexion. 
 
 The Wesleyan Methodists have a neat and convenient 
 chapel under the East Walls. 
 
 Providence Chapel is situate at the lower end of 
 Chapel Street. The Rev. Mr. Vinall, of Lewes, occa¬ 
 sionally preaches there. 
 
 The Quaker's Meetiny House is in a lane leading from 
 the Little London to the East Walls. 
 
 Meetings for worship are also held by some Indepen¬ 
 dents (seceders from Chapel Street) in a house at South 
 Gate. A chapel is building for them in Saint Martin’s 
 Square. 
 
 BENEFACTIONS TO THE CITY. 
 
 Mr. Dallaway mentions one of a curious nature, given 
 by Bishop Shurborne, sometime before his death, by 
 which he settled upon the master and wardens (of the 
 merchant’s-guild as I presume) lands worth twenty 
 shillings per annum, to purchase one quarter part of a 
 hogshead of choice w ine, which was to be given to the 
 brethren and sisters at their annual feast of St. George, 
 and the remainder of the hogshead to be given to the 
 populace assembled round the cross : and he refers to 
 the document mentioned in the note below as an autho¬ 
 rity.* 
 
 Hardham’s Bequest. But the principal donation by 
 w hich those parts of the united parishes which lie within 
 
 * Lib. Episc. Robcrti Quarti K Provisco pro Fraternitate Sti. Georgii 
 Cicestri’. 1622. 13 Henry VIII. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 89 
 
 the walls are benefited, is that of John Hardham, the ce¬ 
 lebrated tobacconist and snuff merchant of Fleet Street, 
 London, by which the dividends arising - from the sum 
 of 22,282/. 15s. 9d. stock in the three per cent, consols, 
 goes in aid of the poor’s rate for the above district. 
 
 NATURAL HISTORY. 
 
 Plants to be found near Chichester. 
 
 Antirrhinum Cymbalaria, snapdragon, on old walls. 
 
 Lathyrus silvestris, yellow vetching, near the South Gate. 
 
 Hieracium, hawkweed, on walls at Chichester. 
 
 Ophrys muscifera , fly orchis, Charlton forest. 
 
 - apifera, bee orchis, in the Valdoe, Goodwood. 
 
 Carex pendula, hanging'sedge, near Chichester. 
 
 Ceratophyllum demersum, prickly-seeded hornwort, in (he ditches 
 from Chichester to Selsey. 
 
 Ranunculus lingua, crow-foot, great spear-wort, pond near the 
 South Gate. 
 
 Ornithogalum pyrcnaicum, spike flowered star of Bethlehem, by a 
 stream near Fishbourne church, and on the left of a farm in a 
 field halt-a-mile from South Gate. 
 
 POPULATION 
 
 WITHIN THE CITY. 
 
 
 1821. 
 
 
 
 1831. 
 
 
 
 Males. 
 
 Fern. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Males. 
 
 Fem. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Subdeanry . 
 
 1554 
 
 1778 
 
 3332 
 
 1984 
 
 2066 
 
 4050 
 
 St. Andrew. 
 
 295 
 
 413 
 
 708 
 
 279 
 
 440 
 
 719 
 
 St. Martin . 
 
 126 
 
 195 
 
 321 
 
 105 
 
 156 
 
 315 
 
 All Saints. 
 
 103 
 
 191 
 
 294 
 
 105 
 
 183 
 
 283 
 
 St. Pancras. 
 
 123 
 
 154 
 
 277 
 
 133 
 
 168 
 
 301 
 
 St. Olave. 
 
 104 
 
 156 
 
 260 
 
 117 
 
 163 
 
 280 
 
 St. Peter the Less. 
 
 165 
 
 257 
 
 422 
 
 152 
 
 204 
 
 356 
 
 New Town . 
 
 32 
 
 50 
 
 82 
 
 40 
 
 72 
 
 112 
 
 COUNTY PART. 
 
 2502 
 
 3194 
 
 5696 
 
 2975 
 
 3446 
 
 6421 
 
 Subdeanry . 
 
 210 
 
 224 
 
 434 
 
 235 
 
 256 
 
 491 
 
 St. Pancras. 
 
 370 
 
 441 
 
 811 
 
 409 
 
 445 
 
 854 
 
 St. Bartholomew . 
 
 148 
 
 158 
 
 306 
 
 148 
 
 148 
 
 296 
 
 Close. 
 
 46 
 
 99 
 
 145 
 
 58 
 
 111 
 
 169 
 
 
 3276 
 
 4116 
 
 7392 
 
 3825 
 
 4406 
 
 8231 
 
 The Population, in 1801, was 4700, and in 1811, 6425, so that it has nearly 
 doubled in thirty years. 
 
 N 
 
90 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 General Summary of the Poll at the Chichester 
 Election in 1831. 
 
 PLUMPERS. 
 
 Lord Arthur Lennox . 39 
 
 Sir Godfrey Webster . 
 
 John Abel Smith, Esq. 
 
 SPLIT VOTES. 
 
 Lord Arthur Lennox and Sir Godfrey Webster. 277 
 
 Lord Arthur Lennox and J. A. Smith, Esq.349 
 
 Sir Godfrey Webster and J. A. Smith, Esq. 17 
 
 Number of Persons who Polled 716 
 
 THE MAYOR’S RETURN. 
 
 
 Lennox. 
 
 Webster. 
 
 Smith. 
 
 First Day . 
 
 
 207 
 
 151 
 
 Second Day.. 
 
 . 314 
 
 99 
 
 237 
 
 
 665 
 
 306 
 
 388 
 
 1 
 
3a? ART III 
 
 Biographical Notices of Eminent Men 
 born in Chichester. 
 
 Thomas Juxon. This celebrated man and loyalist, 
 who attended his sovereign, Charles 1, on the scaffold, 
 was baptized in Subdeanry parish, 24th October, 1581, 
 and educated at Merchant-Taylors’ School. From 
 thence he went to St. John’s College, Oxford, and be¬ 
 came president of the same. By this College he was 
 presented to the Rectory of Somerton in Oxfordshire. 
 Subsequently he became Vice Chancellor of University. 
 In 1632 he was appointed Clerk of the Closet to the 
 King. In the year following he was elected Bishop of 
 Hereford, but before his consecration was removed to 
 the see of London, void by the translation of Dr. Laud 
 to the primacy. In 1638 he became Lord High Trea¬ 
 surer of England. On the meeting of (he long parlia¬ 
 ment he resigned this office. On the death of the king 
 he Mas deprived of his bishoprick, and retired to his 
 estate in Gloucestershire, where he remained till the re¬ 
 storation, when he was translated to the see of Canter- 
 
92 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 bury, and died shortly afterwards, June 4, 1G6:J, in (he 
 eighty-first year of his age, and was buried in Saint 
 John’s Chapel, Oxford. 
 
 An ancestor of the primate suffered for his religion 
 in 1557. From an ancestral branch of this family 
 sprung Sir Thomas Hesketh, Bart. 
 
 William Cawley was one of (lie persons who signed 
 the death warrant of Charles I. He was born in the 
 parish of Saint Andrew in this city in November, 1602. 
 Jiis father was an Alderman of the same city. Ill 1626 
 William Cawley founded (he alms-house without the 
 North Gate. In the disputes between the King and 
 Parliament he took a decided part against the former. 
 In 1642 the royalists, under Sir Edward Ford, Sheriff 
 of the County, possessed themselves of the Castle of 
 Arundel and of Chichester; but the inhabitants of the 
 latter place, under the influence of Cawley, were in fa¬ 
 vour of the Parliament, and three of them, Edward Wig- 
 gens, William Cawley, and Henry Chitty, sent a letter 
 to the Speaker informing them of the royalists being in 
 the city. Sir William Waller, with his forces, was sent 
 to besiege it, in w hich, after eight days, he succeeded. 
 After this, Chichester continuing in the hands of the 
 Parliamentarians, we find, by the journals of the House of 
 Commons, that Cawley was very active in procuring 
 the suppression of every popular feeling' in favor of the 
 royal cause; and in 1647 he became one of the repre¬ 
 sentatives of the city in parliament, and was intrusted 
 with the political government of this division of the 
 county; and, after the death of the king, he continued to 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 9;j 
 
 exert all his influence in favor of the Republican go¬ 
 vernment, and at the restoration was expressly excepted 
 out of the Act of Oblivion. He effected his escape to 
 Bruges in Flanders, where he died in poverty. His 
 son remained in England and received money to con¬ 
 firm the grants made of his father’s confiscated estates. 
 Dr. John Cawley, Archdeacon of Lincoln and Rector 
 of Kingston upon Thames, Oxfordshire, is supposed to 
 have been the son of the last named, whose daughter 
 was the wife of Sir Godfrey Kneller. Dr. Ralph Caw¬ 
 ley, president of Brazen-nose College, who died in 
 1777, was of the Regicide’s family. In the Alms-house, 
 founded by William, is preserved a small portrait, half- 
 length on pannel, with a laced collar, slashed sleeves, 
 &c. having very dark eyes and complexion. It is of 
 the date of 1620, and consequently he was then only 
 eighteen years of age. 
 
 Oliver Whitby. This benefactor to the city deserves 
 a notice in this brief record. He was born about 1664. 
 His father was an Archdeacon and Canon Residentiary 
 of this cathedral. He founded and endowed a school 
 in the city for the maintenance of a master and twelve 
 poor boys, “to be carefully educated in the principles 
 of the Established Church, and to be diligently in¬ 
 structed in reading, writing and arithmetic, and as far 
 in mathematical learning as may fit them for honest and 
 useful employment with regard to navigation.” 
 
 The will by which the school is founded bears date 
 16th February, 1702, and by it are devised an ample 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 04 
 
 lory, or Parsonage, of Westwittering, held by lease lor 
 lives under the prebendary of Wittering. The testator 
 died the same year at the early age of 38. 
 
 Sir Richard Farrington, Bart, was formerly a 
 name of considerable note in Chichester. Dame Eliza¬ 
 beth, widow of Sir Richard Farrington, in 1724 gave 
 the clock of the market cross, “ as an hourly memento 
 of her good will to the city.” Her husband’s ancestor 
 Thomas Farrington, Alderman of Chichester, was three 
 times Mayor, and died in 1572. His sou married 
 Agnes, daughter of John Diggens, also Alderman of 
 Chichester, and Representative in Parliament for the 
 city, and by her had Thomas Farrington, Alderman of 
 Chichester and four times Mayor. He died in 1653, 
 aged 81 years. His son John became Sir John Far¬ 
 rington, Knt. who married Ann, daughter of Thomas 
 May, Esq. of Rawmere, and died in 1685, leaving a 
 son Richard, abovenamed, who was created a Baronet 
 December 17, 1697, and married Elizabeth, daughter 
 of John Peachey ofEartham. He had a son John, who 
 married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Miller, 
 Bart, but died in 1711, without issue, in the lifetime of 
 his father. Thomas and Richard, two other sons, dying- 
 in their infancy, the Baronetage and family became 
 extinct. 
 
 From a female branch of this family, viz. Ann Far¬ 
 rington, who married Mr. Vinall of Deptford, and had 
 issue Elizabeth, whose daughter, Mabell, was married 
 to Nathaniel Bull, Esq, of Yen Court in Dorsetshire, 
 sprang the present family of Lieut. Col. Brereton, in the 
 Pallant, Chichester. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 95 
 
 In the church yartl near to the entrance of the clois¬ 
 ters from the cross, is a tomb stone on which is affixed 
 a brass plate with the figures of a man and woman 
 kneeling' in the dress of the times : 
 
 “ Neer to this place lyeth interred the bodys of Thomas Farrington 
 Alderman and Dorothee his wyte whose grandfather Mr. Tho¬ 
 mas Farrington was three times Maior ot this Cittye and the 
 abovesayd Thomas Farrington hath been fower times maior ot 
 this same Cittie who changed thys lyfe in the hopes of a blessed 
 resurreccon the 6 June 1654 agd 81 yeares.” 
 
 Collins thf Poet was born in the year 1720. His 
 father was mayor of Chichester in 1721 and died in 
 1734, aged GO. His uncle was Col. Edward Martin of 
 the same place, who died in 1748, aged 07 years, and 
 his sister, Ann, married Hugh Sempill, Esq. and after¬ 
 wards became the wife of Thomas Durnford, D. D. who 
 died in 1789, aged 85. The poet was born 25th De¬ 
 cember, 1720, and died in the house of Mrs. Sempill, in 
 the cloisters of the cathedral 1759, and was buried in 
 St. Andrew’s Church, Chichester. 
 
 Thf. Three Smith’s, Painters. It is uncertain 
 whether they were natives of Chichester, but they were 
 brought up at that place under their father, who was a 
 dissenting minister of the Baptist persuasion. Their 
 names were William, George and John. William, the 
 eldest, was patronized by Charles, the second Duke of 
 Richmond. He lived for some years in Gloucester, and 
 subsequently in Piccadilly, where he distinguished 
 himself chiefly for his excellency in painting fruits and 
 flowers. In the latter part of his life he resided at 
 Shopwyke, where he exercised his art as much as his 
 state of health would permit, and died in the year 17G4. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 96 
 
 George, the second brother, who was born about the 
 year 1713, acquired considerable fame as a landscape 
 painter. His acquirements becoming known, the same 
 nobleman who patronized William, employed him to 
 paint landscapes. Nature was the book he studied ; 
 and he and his youngest brother John, who had now 
 become his pupil, spent a large portion of their time in 
 the fields, in the woods, and on the hills, whose beau¬ 
 tiful scenery, with the vivid warmth of the skies above 
 them, they soon learnt to transfer to the canvas. Soon 
 after the establishment of the Society for the Encou¬ 
 ragement of Arts, &c., in 1760, George Smith had the 
 satisfaction to obtain the first prize, and John, his 
 brother, the second, for the best landscapes exhibited. 
 In the following year they were equally successful. 
 In 1762 John alone was a candidate, as was George 
 in 1763, and to each was the first premium again 
 awarded. The best pictures of George are those pre¬ 
 served at Goodwood, and those in the possession of Dr. 
 Sanden at Chichester, who was personally acquainted 
 with the family. 
 
 John, the youngest son, died in 1754, and George in 
 the autumn of 1775, leaving three daughters, one of 
 whom married Mr. Isaac Chaldecott, Surgeon, Ports¬ 
 mouth. 
 
 William Hayley, Esq. was the son of Thomas 
 Hayley Esq. of the Pallant, Chichester, and was born 
 in the year 1745. His mother was the daughter of 
 Thomas Yates, Esq. Member of Parliament for the city. 
 About the year 1762 Mr. Hayley left Eton School, and 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 07 
 
 entered himself a Gentleman Commoner at Trinity Mall, 
 Cambridge. He soon disting uished himself for his taste 
 in the Belles-lettres, and published an ode on the birth 
 of the Prince of Wales, which appeared in the Cam¬ 
 bridge collection. In 1766 he quitted the university, 
 and went to Edinburgh, and there enjoyed the society 
 of some of the literati of the age. In 176D he married 
 the daughter of the Rev. Thomas Ball, Dean of Chi¬ 
 chester ; and, after passing a few years in London, cul¬ 
 tivating his talents, collecting rare books, and form¬ 
 ing acquaintances with the literary geniuses of the 
 age, he returned, like another Numa, to his estate at 
 Eartham, in this County, which he improved and 
 embellished with a singular felicity of taste by lay¬ 
 ing out the grounds so as to form extensive and pic¬ 
 turesque views ; and rendered it a truly classical abode. 
 There he continued to study the poets and masters of 
 antiquity, and of his own country, and drank deep of 
 the stream of learning; and here he received the immor¬ 
 tal Cowper, between whom and Hay ley subsisted the 
 dearest friendship. Mr. Hay ley had a favourite son, who 
 displayed uncommon talents for sculpture, and these 
 were improved under the tuition of the classical Flax- 
 man. It pleased providence to take this young man at an 
 early age, when his genius was fast ripening into ma¬ 
 turity, and the loss was long and severely felt by our 
 poet. At length a train of circumstances impelled him 
 to quit Eartham for his beautiful marine retreat, built 
 after his own plan, at Felpham, near Bognor, having 
 contracted to sell Eartham to the late Mr. Huskisson. 
 
 o 
 
98 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 •w ith whom Mr. Ilayley was then in habits of the great¬ 
 est intimacy, but between whom afterwards arose an 
 unfortunate coolness. In this latter abode Mr. Hay- 
 ley endeavoured, particularly during the latter years 
 of his life, to become a recluse, and in his corres¬ 
 pondence with his friends signed himself “ The Her¬ 
 mit.” Here however he continued to be visited by 
 a few select and literary friends; and always, notwith¬ 
 standing his domestic peace was broken in upon by 
 some untoward circumstances resulting - from a second 
 marriage, evinced in his conversation that rjaicte de 
 coeur, that sprightliness of wit, that aptitude to jeux 
 d’esprit, and those classical allusions, which distinguish 
 the man of wit, and shewed that no morose or morbid 
 feeling - , no misanthropical or cynical sentiments, rankled 
 within his bosom. He possessed a certain native good¬ 
 ness of heart, that pervaded all his actions. He loved 
 to see, and to be the cause of diffusing, happiness around 
 him. A rustic club was established at Felpham, and 
 this thoroughly good-natured man was accustomed every 
 year to provide “ A copy of Verses ,” and to g - et them 
 printed and circulated amongst the members of the club 
 and through the village; and he permitted them, with 
 their rural band of music and their colours flying - , on 
 their annual feast day, to parade through his grounds. 
 
 Mr. Hayley’s literary works have stamped a celeb¬ 
 rity on his name, that will not be easily obliterated ; 
 though it must be admitted that a tameness of spirit, and 
 an unnecessary verbiage, distinguish some of his per¬ 
 formances. His Triumphs of Temper are sarcastically 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 99 
 
 alluded to by Lord Byron, as triumphing over his tem¬ 
 per ; but the notes with which he has adorned the Poems 
 on History, Painting, and Sculpture, will always be 
 read with pleasure by the critic and the scholar, and con- 
 i fer a greater pleasure than the poems themselves. Of him, 
 in fact, it may be justly said, that if he had only written 
 the Life of Cowper, which w ill ever be read w ith in¬ 
 terest, he would have been entitled to the respect and 
 esteem of mankind ; for greatness and goodness of mind 
 like Cowper’s, as pleasingly depicted in that instructive 
 and entertaining work, are not evanescent, but live to 
 after ages, to improve and enlighten the world ; and the 
 biographer, and the subject of his pen, co-exist, and pass 
 down to posterity together. 
 
 Mr. Hay ley’s house at Felpham, stands nearly in the 
 centre of the village. It had, during his life time, a 
 turret, which commanded very extensive views. From 
 hence the poet could cast his eye over the “ world of 
 waters blue and wide,” and catch the last departing rays 
 of the sun as it sunk below' the waves, and threw its 
 golden gleams on the hemisphere it w as about to quit; 
 could listen to the hoarse murmurs of the ocean rolling 
 i as it w r ere at his feet, as its billows lashed the resound¬ 
 ing shore, interrupted only by the minstrels of the grove 
 or the busy hum of the little village below ; and turning 
 * westward, watch the fading landscape of his once-loved 
 I Eartham, w hose picturesque heights he had adorned and 
 improved, whose trees he had planted, and whose vistas 
 he had formed ; and as his eye rolled over the sloping 
 i and verdant sides of his former abode, where he had 
 
100 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 cultivated the muses, and whence he had sent his <SV- 
 rena to the world, to bear the frown of the snarling 
 critic, he must have frequently heaved a sigh of regret 
 that that fairy spot was no longer his, and that imperi¬ 
 ous fate had wrested it from him. 
 
 In his diet Mr. Hayley was particularly abstemious. 
 In coffee and milk he particularly delighted, and they 
 formed his chief beverage at morning, noon, and even¬ 
 ing-. Ilis exercise during the latter years of his life, 
 was chiefly confined to an extensive covered way near 
 the house, where he rode or walked. M alls surrounded 
 his whole domain, to shut out the idle gaze of man. Of 
 strangers he Mas particularly shy, and he disliked any 
 intrusion on his privacy. But beloved to do good, and 
 to be instrumental in the advancement and establishment 
 of deserving young men, in which, by his influence with 
 the great, he had frequent opportunities. 
 
 Iiis library Mas of the choicest kind, containing the 
 finest editions of the most celebrated classics, and the 
 best works in most of the modern European languages. 
 His rooms M ere fitted up M'ith singular taste, and adorn¬ 
 ed with busts, statues, and paintings. 
 
 Besides the works already mentioned, Mr. Hayley 
 u as the author of an Essay on Old Maids, which made 
 a cousiderable noise at the time; also of Sir John 
 Russel, a tragedy, and of several comedies; an Essay 
 on Epic Poetry ; Ode to Hoicard ; Epistle to Gibbon, 
 and other norks. He also published for the benefit of 
 Com per’s godson, Mr. Rose, (the son of Mr. Rose the 
 barrister, of Chancery-lane, a truly honourable man. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 101 
 
 who died in early life in consequence of a severe cold 
 which he caught whilst exercising the duties of his pro¬ 
 fession), an edition of Cowper’s Milton, in four volumes 
 octavo, “ which contains some remarkable varieties of 
 Italian literature, and a copious life of our sublime 
 English poet.”* 
 
 Mr. Hayley suffered much bodily pain for some 
 months before he died, which he endured with the ex¬ 
 emplary patience of a Christian. His dissolution took 
 place at Felpham. 
 
 The following epitaph, on his tomb in the church of 
 that parish, is from the chaste pen of his friend Mrs. 
 Opie, in which his character is faithfully delineated. 
 
 Hayley! beloved friend! though round thy head 
 The muses’ wreath its graceful foliage spread; 
 
 Though Fame was long thy talents’ rich reward, 
 
 And Fashion smiled upon Serena’s bard — 
 
 Though thou wast formed in polished courts to shine, 
 
 And learning’s stores and playful wit was thine— 
 
 Though Cowper’s self thy tuneful strains approved, 
 
 And praised the poet whilst the man he loved; 
 
 Cowper, who lives in thy recording page, 
 
 To interest, charm, and teach the future age— 
 
 Oh! not on these alone thy honour rest, 
 
 But that thy name pale want and misery blest! 
 
 That such thy glowing zeal for all mankind, 
 
 So vast thy charity, so uncontined, 
 
 Thy hand had spread a scene of blessing round, 
 
 If ample wealth thy ardent hopes had crowned; 
 
 That whatsoe’er thy bounty could impart, 
 
 Was given to teach the mind and cheer the heart — 
 
 Neglected talents’ drooping head to raise, 
 
 And lead young genius on by generous praise ! 
 
 Yet! hard beloved! this higher meed be thine, 
 
 Faith in thy Saviour cheered thy life’s decline ; 
 
 Nor by that God on whom thy hopes relied, 
 
 Was the sweet recompense of faith denied. 
 
 He gave thee strength to smile ’midst torturing pain, 
 
 And even the slightest murmur still restrain; 
 
 He cheer’d with pious hope thy dying bed, 
 
 He on thy soul the Christian sunshine shed, 
 
 And crowned, (to prove his favour’s blest increase), 
 
 A life of kindness w ith a death of peace ! 
 
 * Dallaway, p. 182. 
 
102 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 John Bayly, m.d. This Gentleman, who was the 
 son of George Bayly, m.d. and born at Chichester, the 
 17th of February, 1735, will long be remembered for his 
 medical skill, and the liberality and disinterestedness 
 which characterised his professional career during a 
 quarter of a century in this his native place. A very 
 pleasing and faithful “ Tribute” to his memory, was 
 published in the year 1816, some few months after his 
 decease, by his friend and fellow labourer in the pro¬ 
 fession, Dr. Sanden; and to that elegant and classical 
 production we refer our readers for further information 
 concerning - this excellent man. 
 
 Charles Crocker, In this age of intellect, “the 
 schoolmaster abroad,” has introduced to public notice 
 a native genius of this name, w ho has lately given to 
 the admiring w orld, a small volume, called “ The Vale 
 of Obscurity, The Lavant, and Other Poems;” by the 
 preface to which it appears, that Crocker, whose si¬ 
 tuation in life is very humble, was born in Chichester 
 in the year 1797 ; and, at a very early age, cultivated a 
 taste and fondness for books, and particularly for 
 poetry ; and certainly, making every allow ance for the 
 want of a classical education, some of the pieces in that 
 collection display a vigour of thought, a clearness of 
 intellect, and a fertility of imagination, of no common 
 character. We hope that his talents w ill not be suffered 
 to lie dormant, but that further encouragement w ill be 
 given by the opulent inhabitants of the birth place of 
 Collins and of Hayley, to the cultivation of that genius 
 which has thus burst forth so unexpectedly upon us. 
 
PART IV 
 
 The Antiquities and Gentlemens’ Scats in the 
 Neighbourhood. 
 
 KINGSHAME. 
 
 This place, as the name implies, is supposed to have 
 been formerly the residence of a Saxon king - . It is part 
 of the parish of Saint Pancras, and is situated about 
 half a mile from Chichester ; but the ancient house being 
 taken down, and the moats surrounding it filled up, its 
 former attraction for the antiquary has nearly ceased. 
 
 Ancient records shew that it was held of the crown 
 by the custom of presenting to the king, as often as he 
 should come thither, a skein of thread for his cross-bow. 
 In 1276 it was visited by Edward I., who remained there 
 for some time, and dated some of his letters-patent thence. 
 In the tenth of Edward II. it was demised to William 
 le Taverner. It was held of the crown by the Barons 
 St. John, and by marriage it passed to the family of 
 Sydney, to whom it was confirmed by Henry V. in 
 the second year of his reign. The Shelleys of Michel- 
 grove had been long possessed of it, and it was sold, 
 under an Act of Parliament, by Sir John Shelley to 
 Mr. Joseph Randall, by whose will it was devised to the 
 
104 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 late Mr. Dearling, and has been since purchased by the 
 Duke of Richmond and attached to the dukedom. John 
 Gruggen, Esq, the present lessee, has considerably im¬ 
 proved it. 
 
 A cold bath, paved with small Roman bricks, is still 
 to be seen. 
 
 THE ALMS-HOUSE, 
 
 Without the North-gate, was built by William Caw¬ 
 ley, in the year 1626. Several additional buildings 
 hav e been made to it, and the whole establishment is tro- 
 verned by a body called “ The Guardians of the Poor 
 of the City of Chichester,” who are incorporated by 
 an Act of Parliament for uniting all the parishes into 
 one district. 
 
 THE HOSPITAL OF SAINT JAMES 
 
 Beyond the east suburbs, was founded as early as the 
 reign of Henry I. for persons affected with the leprosy. 
 It is, however, now fallen into disuse, and with the lands 
 attached to it, is held by one of the clergy of Chichester 
 as a sinecure, being' in the gift of the dean and chapter. 
 The legal evidences of its origin are very scanty. All 
 that remains of the ancient building is a cottage. It is 
 situated close to the river Lavant, and in a most health¬ 
 ful spot. 
 
 WEST-HAMPNETT. 
 
 A little more than a mile to the east of Chichester, near 
 the Arundel road, stands the ancient church of West 
 Hampnett. It is of the early Norman era. In the chan- 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 105 
 
 cel is a carved mural monument of Caen stone, in part 
 defaced, erected to the memory of Richard Sackville, 
 Esq., and Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Thomas 
 Thetcher. The sculpture consists of two kneeling- fig ures 
 with children behind them, and between them figures 
 personifying the Trinity. Underneath, in old English 
 characters, are the words, 
 
 j&anttufS gputtujS units ticus. 
 
 In the north door-case are three escutcheons of the fa¬ 
 milies of Thetcher, Fawke, and St. Joint, allied to the 
 Sackvilles. 
 
 In a field near the church, belonging to the Duke of 
 Richmond, Mr. J. Lawrance, his grace’s tenant, found a 
 massy gold ring, which was turned up from the soil and 
 adhered to the plough, containing the following inscrip¬ 
 tion in beautiful gothic characters, 
 
 <3&ut orat ^ aids ^ s« laborat 
 
 and having a signet with the letters ^ S engraven 
 thereon. This is in the possession of Mr. Lawrance. 
 Some time afterwards an ancient gold coin was found in 
 the adjoining field. 
 
 GOODWOOD. 
 
 This seat of the Duke of Richmond is always a pecu- 
 
 I liar object of attraction to travellers and visitors, and 
 therefore worthy of particular notice in this work. It 
 was anciently called Godingude or Godwinude, and is 
 mentioned in Domesday as a woodland tract. It was 
 probably part of the domains of the celebrated Earl 
 
106 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Godwin, who held very large estates in Sussex. In the 
 twenty-sixth of Elizabeth it was in the possession of 
 John, Lord Lumley, and by him and his wife aliened 
 to Henry Walrond, Esq. Subsequently it was held by 
 the Cary 11s of Harting, and in 1720 it was purchased 
 of the Compton family by Charles, the first Duke of 
 Richmond, as a hunting seat and for occasional resort ; 
 but having been greatly enlarged and modernized, it 
 became the residence of that noble family. The duke 
 died at this house on the 27th of May, 1723, and was 
 buried in King Henry the Seventh’s Chapel at West¬ 
 minster, but his body was afterwards removed to the 
 vault under Our Lady’s Chapel in the Cathedral. 
 
 In 1800 great additions to the former mansion were 
 begun by Charles, third Duke of Richmond, (late mas¬ 
 ter-general of the ordnance). A portico of Ionic 
 columns adorn the centre for the entrance, surmounted 
 by a balustrade. From each side of the centre, branch off 
 two w ings, forming an angle of forty-five degrees, hav¬ 
 ing circular towers with hemispherical roofs. The whole 
 building, with the conservatory adjoining; the lofty and 
 wide-spreading trees, with branches reaching to the 
 ground; and the beautiful wood, called the Highw’ood, in 
 the rear; the verdure of the carpet beneath and around; 
 the hills skirting the northern boundaries; the varied 
 prospects on all sides, bounded southward only by the 
 sea and the horizon; the Isle of Wight in the blue dis¬ 
 tance; and, between, a rich plain of well-cultivated lands 
 and farms; of churches with spires pointing to the skies; 
 mansion-houses; farms of varied culture and diversified 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE 
 
 107 
 
 hues, cottages, flocks, and herds, have altogether a pleas¬ 
 ing and imposing - effect that cannot fail to interest the 
 spectator. 
 
 As a particular description of the interior of the man¬ 
 sion is about to be published in a separate work, under 
 the title of The Goodwood Guide , we refer the reader 
 to that publication for further information. 
 
 HALNAKER. 
 
 This estate adjoins Goodwood, and was purchased in 
 1765, by Charles, third Duke of Richmond, of Sir 
 Thomas Dyke Aciand, Bart., for 48,000/. In ancient 
 writings Halnaker is called Halnac, Halnaclie, Halnakid 
 and Halfnaked. In the reign of Henry I. the lordship 
 of Halnaker, which was very extensive and reached to 
 the walls of Chichester, was united to the Priory of Box- 
 grove, and given to Robert de Haia, who had married 
 a lady of the royal blood. Both were constituents of the 
 honour of Arundel, granted to Earl Roger by the Con- 
 
10b 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 queror. In the thirty-eighth of Henry 111. it descended 
 to William Baron St. John, through Cicely daughter of 
 Robert de Haia, to whom it had descended in preference 
 to the male issue, and in the eleventh of Edward III. 
 (1338), it was held by Hugh Lord St. John in dower, 
 by Elizabeth, widow of Edmund Lord St. John. Baron 
 Burghersh in the same reign became possessed of this 
 lordship, in right of his wife Isabel, sister and heir of 
 the last-named Edmund. She intermarried with Lucas 
 de Povnings, whose sou by her, Thomas Lord Poyuings, 
 had in 1369, summons to parliament as Lord St. John 
 of Basing. His three co-heirs inherited his large estates 
 and carried them into other families. Jane, the eldest, 
 was the wife of John Bonville, who was attainted by 
 Edward IV.; but Halnaker was restored to him, and 
 his daughter and heir, Elizabeth Bonville, conveyed it 
 in marriage to Sir Thomas West, second Lord La War, 
 early in the reign of Henry VIII., and he died without 
 issue in 1534. 
 
 Being- vested in the crown, by an exchange between 
 Lord La War, for the nunnery of Wherwell, in Hamp¬ 
 shire, Halnaker and its dependencies were, in 1587, 
 granted to Sir John Morley. Mary Morley, a descend¬ 
 ant, was married, in 1708, to James Earl of Derby, and 
 died without issue in 1752, and by her will it passed to 
 Sir Thomas Dyke Acland. 
 
 The present house is supposed to have been built by 
 the before-named Sir Thomas West, being- in the style 
 of that age. The gateway had a portcullis, and M as 
 flanked with small octangular towers leading into a 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 109 
 
 square court. From thence were two entrances into the 
 great hall, which when filled by the followers and tenants 
 of the lord of the manor, or his courtly guests, must have 
 had an imposing effect, being very lofty, and containing 
 armorial bearings in carved oak, extremely well exe¬ 
 cuted, with ludicrous figures in singular postures, now 
 nearly demolished, but of which correct views are pre¬ 
 served among the Burrell m.ss. in the British Museum. 
 These, w ith a small room of exquisitely carved oak, still 
 remaining entire, (used as a bed-room but seldom shewn) 
 are well worthy the notice of the antiquarian. The house 
 is fast falling into decay, and must in a few years yield 
 to the hand of time. It is now occupied only by la¬ 
 bourers and old women; 
 
 “ Sic transit gloria mundi!” 
 
 BOXGROVE PRIORY. 
 
 Amongst the antiquities of Sussex, there is scarcely 
 any public building more deserving of attention, than 
 this church and its ancient remains. It is situate near 
 to Halnakerand Goodwood. The priory was originally 
 a Benedictine monastery dedicated to St. Mary and St. 
 Blaise, founded in the reign of Henry I., by Robert de 
 Haia, mentioned in the account of Halnaker, who made 
 it a cell to the Abbey de Exaquio, or l’Essay, in Nor¬ 
 mandy. Here w ere at first only three monks; three 
 more were added by Roger St. John, who married the 
 Cicely also before-mentioned, daughter to the founder. 
 Their sons increased the number of monks to fifteen, 
 seven being added by William, and two by Robert. 
 
no 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 This took place in (he reign of King Stephen. The 
 number was reduced to nine before the suppression, at 
 which time the site and premises were granted to Sir 
 Thomas West, Lord La War, Lord of Halnaker, who 
 paid 136/. 13s. 4 d. for the goods and the priory,* and 
 the church thenceforward was devoted to the service of 
 (lie inhabitants. The refectory is converted into a barn, 
 and about fifty years ago, a farm-house adjoining w as 
 erected from the ruins of other parts. A door-way, with 
 three Norman arches, opened into die cloisters, which 
 extended to the refectory and habitations of the monks. 
 These arches are still in part remaining. The first ob¬ 
 ject that strikes the visitor in the interior, is the sacellum, 
 or chapel of Thomas West, Lord La War, which w r as de¬ 
 signed for the service of obits by the priest. It is of 
 highly-florid gothic. The ceiling is of fret work, with 
 pendent vaults, and the altar is very elegantly carved ; 
 the whole is deserving the attention of the antiquary. A 
 tradition prevailed, that Gundreda, daughter of William 
 the Conqueror and wife of William de Warreue. lay 
 buried here; but that is found to be incorrect, by the 
 discovery of her tomb at Isfield, in this county, and 
 since removed to Southover church, Lewes. It has also 
 been asserted, that the large table tomb (there are six of 
 them) of Sussex marble, is that of Queen Adeliza, widow 
 of Henry I., who married William d’Albini, Earl ot 
 Arundel; but Sir William Burrell in his m.ss. (accord¬ 
 ing to a note in Mr. Dallaway’s work), controverts this 
 
 * Dallaway, p. 120. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Ill 
 
 opinion, and the latter states, that there is sufficient evi¬ 
 dence of her being' interred in the conventual church of 
 Steyning - , founded by her first husband. It is, however, 
 unquestionable, that two of these tombs are those of 
 Olivia, the earl’s sister, and of his daughter, as in a char¬ 
 ter, he recites a donation to this church, “ pro animabus 
 Oliva: sororis me a et Oliva Je/icis mea, qua ibijacent"* 
 The marble monument, on the right of the pulpit, en¬ 
 closed within iron rails, is a fine piece of basso-relievo, 
 representing’ the Countess of Derby, the last noble in¬ 
 habitant of Halnaker house, beneath a palm-tree, with 
 fig ures imploring her charity, whilst her ladyship points 
 to her mansion, w here it was her custom to relieve the 
 poor.f There is also a very ancient inscription in the 
 following words: 
 
 ©rate pro ata. fratrig Itijfeeman monacfjt 
 
 isttus loci. 
 
 WESTDEAN. 
 
 About five miles north of Chichester, near the road to 
 Midhurst, is Lord Selsey’s estate of Westdean; and on 
 the right of the road, unbosomed in trees and screened 
 from the public gaze, is the mansion. The structure is 
 of flint and of gothic architecture, a character that is 
 kept up in strict harmony, throughout every building 
 under his lordship’s superintendence, as well as in the 
 
 * Eloisa and Agatha, daughters of Queen Adeliza, by William d’Albini, 
 are also said to he buried here, and therefore two of the other table tombs 
 most probably belong to them. 
 
 + In Mr. Dallaway’s work is an exact etching of Lord La War’s sacel- 
 lum,by Mr. King; and in Mr. Rouse’s Beauties and Antiquities of Sussex, 
 are various views of Boxgrove Priory and one of the interior of the church 
 from which work pari of the above account is taken. 
 
112 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 furniture and embellishments of this splendid residence. 
 The gardens and pleasure grounds are laid out in per¬ 
 fect accordance with the most improved modern taste. 
 The little river Lavant meanders throughout part of the 
 grounds, and nothing can exceed the alluring and pic¬ 
 turesque scenery presented to the eye, by the varied 
 landscape, and diversified views of hill and dale, that 
 distinguish this beautiful spot, where art has done much 
 but nature more. 
 
 The word Deane or Dene, is derived from the Saxon, 
 and means a forest or wood; and Dena or Denna, is a 
 small portion of wood or coppice.* King' Alfred is 
 stated by Asser, who wrote his life, to have been ac¬ 
 companied by him and others to the royal city of Dene, 
 which is conjectured to have been in the forest of East- 
 dean. Cities, in the time of Alfred, were sometimes of 
 very small extent, and that part of the country might 
 have been honoured with a place of residence belonging 
 to that monarch, and hence dignified with the name of 
 a city. 
 
 In an inquisition, post mortem, of several of the Earls 
 of Arundel, about the time of Edward I., it is said that 
 the manor of Singleton, (which adjoins Westdean), be¬ 
 longed to the castle and honour of Arundel, and that it 
 contained, amongst other lands, a park called Sellers, 
 
 * Una parva Dena sylvae, Domesday. Anno 826 dederunt Abbati 
 terras viginti aratorum et 13 dennas glandes portantes. They gave to the 
 abbey twenty plough lands and thirteen coppices bearing mast. Dena, 
 terra Deneland, is also a hollow place between two hillt. In some of the 
 northern parts of England they retain the word Dene for a valley, as in 
 the bishoprick of Durham they say Skarrs aud Denes, that is, hills and 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 113 
 
 (Selhurst), and four forests, one of which was called 
 Alfred’s-holt. Holt in Saxon, means a wood or grove, 
 and this appellation confirms the conjecture of that mo¬ 
 narch’s residence in this neighbourhood. 
 
 Westdean-house was formerly called Cannon-house. 
 The ancient house, since modernized, and very consider¬ 
 ably enlarged by the late and present lord, was erected 
 by one of the family of Lewknor, whose ancestor, John 
 Lewknor, Esq., Sergeant-at-Law, purchased the estate 
 by virtue of a licence of alienation from Queen Elizabeth, 
 of John Lord Lumley, for £1900. The estate vested in 
 his descendant, John Lewknor, Esq., and he dying’ with¬ 
 out issue in 170(5, it came to his sister, Elizabeth Lewk¬ 
 nor, relict of William Woodward Knight, and heiress 
 of Sir Richard Knight, of Chawton, Hants. She was 
 afterwards the wife of Bulstrode Peachey, Esq., who 
 assumed the name of Knight. William Woodward 
 Knight left his estate to his brother, Sir John Peachey, 
 Bart., and from him it passed to his second son, Sir 
 James Peachey, Bart., afterwards created Lord Selsey, 
 and on his decease vested in his only son, John Lord 
 Selsey, deceased, father of the present lord of that name. 
 
 In the church, which is a very ancient one, and of ex¬ 
 traordinary beauty, are some very fine monuments to 
 the memory of various members of the families of Lewk¬ 
 nor and Peachey. The first Lord Selsey is described 
 on his monument as “ Master of the Robes to George Ill., 
 to whom he was a most attached and faithful servant 
 fifty-eight years.” He was born in 1723 and died in 
 1808. He married, on the 9th August, 1747, the Right 
 
 Q 
 
114 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Honourable Georgina Caroline, eldest daughter of 
 Henry, Earl of Deloraine, youngest son of the Duke of 
 Monmouth. She died the 13th October, 1800, aged 
 82 years. 
 
 The Vicar was formerly Meredith Jones, who pos¬ 
 sessed lands in Bognor, whose descendants sold the 
 same to the late Sir Richard Hotham. 
 
 COWDRAY RUINS. 
 
 The splendid mansion, of which these melancholy 
 ruins were once part, is situate in a park adjoining the 
 town of Midhurst, eleven miles north of Chichester, and 
 about six from Westdeau, last described. It was burnt 
 down on the night of the 24th of September, 1793, 
 about the same time that the noble owner, Lord Mon¬ 
 tague, was drowned, in consequence of rashly ven¬ 
 turing, with his fellow traveller, Mr. Burdett, to sail 
 down the cataracts of the Rhine at Schaffhausen. The 
 mansion was in the form of a quadrangle: a gate be¬ 
 tween two towers M as the chief entrance, occupying the 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 115 
 
 centre of the principal front which faced the west. The 
 rooms in every division possessed almost equal stateli¬ 
 ness, were richly furnished, and adorned with valuable 
 fixtures. The north gallery, where the fire commenced, 
 contained numerous w hole-length family portraits, some 
 curious old paintings, both on religious and warlike 
 subjects, which had formerly belonged to the Abbey of 
 Battle; four historical pieces; a Cupid and Psyche; 
 and two copies of Raphael’s Marriage. In the gallery 
 of the south quadrangle, were paintings of the Twelve 
 Apostles, as large as life. The great hall, chapel, and 
 dining parlour, forming the east quadrangle, were all 
 either superb or curious in the style of their decora¬ 
 tions. The paintings in the former, by Roberti, were 
 all on the subject of architecture, besides which there 
 w 7 ere many statues from the hand of Goupe. A buck, 
 carved in wood, stood at the upper end, bearing on his 
 shoulder a shield of the Arms of England, and under 
 it those of Browne, w ith many quarterings. Ten other 
 bucks, all of the natural size, in erect, sitting, or lying- 
 attitudes, some sustaining small banners of arms with 
 their feet, were disposed in other parts of this room. 
 The embellishments of the chapel wei-e in the richest 
 style; the altar-piece, which was by Annigoni, and was 
 fortunately preserved from the flames, possessed par¬ 
 ticular merit. Of the paintings on the walls of the dining 
 parlour, which were the work either of Holbein or of 
 his pupils, an anecdote is preserved as follows: They 
 had received a coat of plaster over the stucco, in order 
 to their preservation during the troublesome times of 
 
11G 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 Charles I. ; but one of the officers quartered here, tak¬ 
 ing occasion to exercise his halberd against the wall, it 
 came in contact with the head of Henry VIII., which 
 was destroyed by it, but was afterwards restored. 
 Another of the rooms contained a picture of a former 
 noble owner at a turning wheel, at which he worked, and 
 produced a number of curious and delicate pieces in 
 ivory, which were preserved in a cabinet in the break¬ 
 fast room. 
 
 Cowdray was in the hands of the crown in the time of 
 Henry VIII., and was given in exchange for other lands 
 to the co-heirs of John Nevill, Marquis of Montague, 
 upon the division of whose lands, Cowdray was given 
 to Lucy, his fourth daughter, who was first married to 
 Sir Thomas Fitz-Williams, Knt., and secondly to Sir 
 Anthony Browne, Knt., great standard bearer of Eng¬ 
 land. She was succeeded by her son, William Fitz- 
 Williams, Earl of Southampton, who built this once 
 splendid mansion, as appeared by his badges, arms, &c. 
 in several parts, and he dying without issue, in the 
 thirty-fourth year of Henry VIII., Cowdray descended 
 to his maternal brother, Sir Anthony Browne, Knight 
 of the Garter, from whom was lineally descended Vis¬ 
 count Montague, the late possessor, the last male heir of 
 this ancient family, on whose death his estates devolved 
 to his only sister, wife of William Stephen Poyntz, Esq. 
 who resides in a house of modern construction about a 
 mile from the site of the old one. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 117 
 
 BOSHAM, 
 
 Is situate about three miles westward from Chichester, 
 and was formerly a place of great trade, w ith extensive 
 privileges, and is mentioned in the Saxon chronicles of 
 very early date. The name was formerly Bosenham, or 
 Bosehame, taken, as the chronicle suggests, from its 
 having been a forest. Originally it was the residence 
 of five or six hermits, Dicul, an Irish devotee, being 
 the principal, who are supposed to have been converted 
 by Wilfride, about the time of his establishment of 
 Christianity in the opposite peninsula of Selsey. Be¬ 
 fore the conquest of England by William the Norman, 
 Bosliam was possessed by Earl Godwin, and his son 
 Harold certainly resided here. 
 
 Upon what trivial circumstances sometimes hang the 
 fate of nations! It happened that from this very spot, 
 Harold sailed on a pleasurable excursion, but was driven 
 by a storm on the coast of Normandy. Being- taken 
 prisoner, he obtained his liberty through William Duke 
 of Normandy, and whilst in his court, he promised him 
 his aid in the succession to the English throne. After¬ 
 wards he repented of this engagement, and to punish 
 his perfidy, William invaded the realm, and the battle 
 of Hastings, by which England was subdued, follow ed. 
 
 These circumstances were delineated by Queen Matilda 
 w ith the assistance of the ladies of her court, in arras, 
 which is still preserved in the cathedral at Baieux. It 
 is thus inscribed : Harold Dux Anglor. et sui milites 
 Equitant. adBoseham. The tapestry represents a church 
 
118 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 in the distance, Harold on Horseback attended by two 
 footmen, with a greyhound running, bearing a hawk on 
 his fist, and accompanied by five horsemen, three of them 
 are galloping and two walking.* 
 
 Bosham being seised as part of the forfeited estates of 
 Harold, part was held by the king himself in demesne, 
 and afterwards, in the reign of Henry I., the other part 
 was granted to William Warwist, bishop of Exeter, to 
 found a college, the occasion for which is curiously and 
 quaintly detailed by Leland.j- 
 
 Thus the church of Bosham became collegiate; but 
 the college was suppressed at the dissolution of monas¬ 
 teries. It claimed the privileges of a royal free chapel, 
 and as such to be exempt from the jurisdiction of the 
 bishop of Chichester or his archdeacon. The benefice is 
 now a vicarage in the Deanry of Boxgrove, and is in 
 the nomination of the dean and chapter, but of trifling- 
 value. Of the church the chancel or choir only remains, 
 as erected by bishop Warwist; the great east window 
 of which is of the era of Henry II. It has five lights 
 elevated in the centre, and tall insulated pillars within- 
 side. The nave is of the fourteenth century, with a roof 
 of framed timber. At the end of the north aisle was 
 the chantry of Fishbourne, founded before 1280, and 
 
 * Dallaway, p. 86. 
 
 •f “ One William Warwist, Bishop of Excester, displeased with the 
 chanons or prebendaries of a fre cbapclle of the foundation of the Saxon 
 hinges, because they wold not leve tlieyr concubines, found means to 
 dissolve their college, wherein was a dean, or provoste, and fower pre¬ 
 bendaries, with other ministers. The prebend of Plymptonself was the 
 title of one, and the prebend of St. Peterand Pauleat Sultown,now called 
 Plymmoutb, another. Bisshop Warwist, to recompense the prebend¬ 
 aries of Plympton, erected a college of as many as were ther, at Bosen- 
 ham, in Southsex, and annexed the gift of them to his successors.” 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 119 
 
 endowed with twenty-three acres in Appledram. In 
 the chancel the prebendal stalls still remain. In the 
 north wall is a niche, with an incumbent figure, erro¬ 
 neously attributed to the daughter of Canute, but as¬ 
 signed by Mr. Dallaway to a date not earlier than 
 Edward I. The font is Saxon, and of great antiquity. 
 There is a small crypt under the south aisle, similar to 
 those in cathedrals where the mass clamavi de profundis 
 used to be performed. 
 
 A colossal head of stone, said to be of the god Thor, 
 and to have been brought over by some of the German 
 adventurers for worship, was many years ago dug up in 
 the church yard, and is now placed in the vicarage gar¬ 
 den, formerly the sextonry; but it has suffered much 
 from the weather, and the features are nearly destroyed. 
 
 Before the compilation of Domesday, Bosham was 
 considered as part of the hundred of Burie. But in the 
 reign of Henry II. it became a hundred of itself, ap¬ 
 pended to which was a manor, with extensive privileges 
 granted to the tenants of the same, which are still in part 
 retained. In 1189 the manor became the property of 
 John de Mareschall (the opponent of Becket as to the 
 lordship of Pagham hundred), and from him it passed 
 to Roger Bigod, the great Earl of Norfolk, early in the 
 reign of Edward I. It descended to the Mow brays, 
 Dukes of Norfolk, and on the death of Ann, Duchess 
 of York, their heir-female, in 1745, a partition was made 
 of their vast estates, between the heirs of John last Duke 
 of Norfolk; Isabel, wife of James Baron Berkley, and 
 Margaret, wife of Sir John Howard, when this manor 
 
120 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 was allotted to the Barony of Berkley; and by the will 
 of Frederick Augustus, late earl of that name, it 
 was, in 1810, devised to Captain Maurice Fitzharding 
 Berkley.* 
 
 Bosham is celebrated for being' the birth-place of a 
 monk called Herbert, or Herebertus de Boseham, who 
 lived about the year 1180, and w rote the life of Thomas 
 a Becket, which was translated into English rhyme in 
 1497 by Lawrence Wade, a benedictine monk of Can¬ 
 terbury .f He was educated at Oxford, was secretary 
 to Becket, and was witness to his assassination. Leav¬ 
 ing the kingdom, he was made Archbishop of Benevento, 
 and a cardinal by Pope Alexander HI. His manuscript 
 of the Life of Becket, even before the invention of 
 printing, was so celebrated, that scarcely a convent in 
 England was without it. 
 
 Peregrine Pelham, gentleman, whose name appears 
 among those who signed the death-warrant of Charles I. 
 w as baptized here in 1702.+ 
 
 EAST AND WEST ASHLING, FUNTINGTON, 
 
 ETC. 
 
 There is no place within an equal distance from the 
 flourishing town of Chichester, that has undergone more 
 improvement, or is become so favourite a spot for the 
 erection of gentlemens’ villas, as the district compre¬ 
 hended in this article. Situate in a dry loamy soil, con- 
 
 * Dallaway, p. 80. 
 
 t It was also translated into French rhyme by Peter Langtoft, canon 
 of Bridlington, in Yorkshire. 
 
 J Dallaway. 
 
CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 121 
 
 siderably elevated above the plain that surrounds Chi¬ 
 chester, protected from the chilling influence of the north 
 winds by the downs; interspersed with beautiful pic¬ 
 turesque views, with pleasant rides through a highly- 
 cultivated country, amidst villages abounding in neat 
 cottages and gardens, no place could, in fact, be better 
 chosen for the purpose of retirement. To particularize 
 the beauties of this enchanting spot, is not within the 
 scope of a work like this. We may, however, briefly 
 observe, that amongst the villas which distinguish this 
 district, that of Mr. Baker, called Sennicotts, stands pre¬ 
 eminent; though for picturesque and extensive views, 
 Oakwood, erected by the late Mr. Dearling, surpasses 
 it. The latter indeed has been the subject of a Poem, 
 by Mr. Parsons, F.R.S., author of Travelling Recrea¬ 
 tions, once well known in this neighbourhood as the pro¬ 
 prietor of Sidlesham mill. From Oakwood is a fine 
 view of the Stoke Downs, Kingley-bottom, Bow-hill, 
 Goodwood, and an extensive tract of country beyond, 
 Chichester and its taper spire, Portsmouth harbour, and 
 the Isle of Wight. 
 
 WEST-STOKE. 
 
 Near to Funtington is the small retired village of 
 West-Stoke, with its modest church and neat parsonage 
 adjoining. The principal house in the village was for 
 many years the residence of Lord George Henry Lennox, 
 grandfather of the present duke, where true old English 
 hospitality was sure at all times to abound. It is now 
 occupied by Scrace Dickens, Esq. Its immediate vi- 
 
 R 
 
122 
 
 CHICHESTER GUIDE. 
 
 cmity to the Downs, and short distance from the villas 
 mentioned in the preceding article, render it a most 
 agreeable residence. To those who are fond of the pic¬ 
 turesque, we strongly recommend a ride through these 
 districts, and more particularly a visit to Kingley- 
 Bottom , near Stoke, where are a number of the largest 
 and most ancient yew trees in the kingdom, and which 
 were probably planted there many hundred years ago, 
 near to the graves of those who died in one of those 
 combats that took place between the invaders of the 
 country and the ancient Britons. Indeed this place, 
 Mr. Dallaway states, is conjectured to be that where the 
 Danes were met by the men of Chichester, in about the 
 year 900, who sallied out in defence of their country, 
 and repulsed the foe. Several barrows are to be seen 
 on the summit of the hill, which were probably the 
 burial place of some of the chiefs that fell in the combat. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Adeliza, queen, 14, 111 
 iEdilwalch, 10 
 Ailla, 8 
 
 Alfred, king-, 11 
 All Saints, church of, 82 
 Alms-house, 104 
 Ancient sculpture, 49, 50 
 Andrew, St., church of, 78 
 Arundel, bishop, his oratory, 59 
 
 -;- earl of, his tomb, 60 
 
 Ashling, east and west, 120 
 Assembly-room, 29 
 
 Bosham, account of, 117 
 Boxgrove priory, 109 
 Bartholomew St., church of, 86 
 
 Caedwalla, 36, 37 
 
 Canon-gate, 24, prison oti 25 
 
 Canons-residentiary, houses'of, 75 
 
 Carlton, bishop, 48 
 
 Cathedral, description of, 35 
 
 Cawley, 38, 80,92 
 
 Census of Chichester, 33, 89 
 
 Charters, 16, 17 
 
 Chest, ancient Saxon, 56 
 
 Chichester castle, 15 
 
 Cissa, 9 
 
 Choir, 63 
 
 Churches, minor, 63 
 Claudius, 3, 4 
 Coaches, 33 
 Cogid ubnus, 2 
 Coins, v. 7 
 
 Collins, the poet, 61, 95 
 Consistory Court, 56 
 Council-chamber, 29 
 Cowdray, ruins otj 114 
 Crocker, Charles, 102 
 Cromwell, Miss, 57 
 Cross, 25 
 Crypt, ancient, 2 I 
 
 D’Albini, William, 14 
 Day, bishop, tomb of, 49 
 Deanry, 75 
 
 Derby, countess of. 111 
 Dissenting Chapels, 87 
 
 Egbert, 10 
 
 Fairs, 32 
 Funtington, 120 
 
 Godfrey, bishop, 65 
 Grey Friars, 15 
 Guildhall, 19 
 Gilden-hall, 23 
 Greycoat school, 33 
 Gundreda, 110 
 Guy’s vault, 62 
 Goodwood, account of, 105 
 
 Halnaker, account of, 107 
 Hayley, the poet, 56 
 
 - Epitaph on tomb, 101 
 
 Herbert de Boseham, 120 
 Hospital of Saint Mary, 20 
 Hospital of Saint James, 104 
 
 Ina, 10 
 Infirmary, 31 
 
 Juxon, bishop, account of, 91 
 Jurisdiction of bishop and dean, 76 
 
 King, bishop, tomb of, 47 
 Kings and Queens, 51 
 Kingshame, 103 
 Kingley-bottom, 122 
 Langton, bishop, 55 
 Lavant, river, 33 
 
 Literary and Pilosophical Society, 34 
 Lanfranc, 37 
 Library, Cathedral, 64 
 Lollards’ prison, 56 
 
124 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Madden, Edward, 58 
 Merchant-guild, 1 7 
 Miscellaneous notices, 32 
 Monumental tablet, 5, 6 
 Montgomeri, earl, 12, 13 
 Municipal government, 31 
 Martin, Saint, church otj 80 
 
 Nave of the Cathedral, 58 
 Natural History, 89 
 New Town, 86 
 Nembhard, W. Ellis, Esq., 58 
 
 Olave, Saint, church of, 81 
 
 Palace, bishops, described, 72 
 
 Pallant, 82 
 
 Piepoudre court, 24 
 
 Pilkington, Rev. C. monument to, 58 
 
 Plants near Chichester, 89 
 
 Population, 33, 89 
 
 Post-office, 33 
 
 Poor-rates, 33 
 
 Precentor’s house. 25 
 
 Prebendal school, 27 
 
 Prison for heretics, 56 
 
 Property tax, 33 
 
 Poll in 1831, summary of, 90 
 
 Richard de la Wich, 53 
 
 Ralph, bishop, 45 
 Ramparts, ancient, 15 
 Reliques, ancient, 64 
 Richard, Saint, his shrine, 53 
 
 Schools, 27, 28, 30, 33 
 St. Mary in Foro, n. 27 
 St. Mary’s Hospital, 20 
 St. Peter the Great, 78 
 St. Peter the Less, 81 
 Seffrid, 45 
 
 Selsey, given to Wilfride, 36 
 Shin-borne, bishop, his tomb, 49, his 
 foundation 50 
 Sloe-fair 24 
 
 Smiths, the three, painters, 95 
 Stigand, 38 
 South transept, 51 
 
 Tessera, Roman, 7 
 
 Udney, Ernest, 57—Sarah, 58 
 Vicars choral, 77 
 
 Waller, Sir William, 17, 42 
 Westdean house, 111 
 West-hampnett church, 104 
 West-stoke, 121 
 Whitby, Oliver, 28, 93 
 Wilfride, 10, 35, 36 
 
 FINIS