1^5** 
 
 ^ 
 
 ±i^^9^ 
 
THE 
 
 WILLIAM R. PERKINS 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 DUKE UNIVERSITY 
 
 \ 
 
/ 
 
\ 
 
 b 
 
 V 
 
 / 
 
THE 
 
 WORKS 
 
 OF THE LATE 
 
 RIGHT HONOURABLE 
 
 JOSETH AT^T>ISON, Efq; 
 
 In FOUR VOLUMES. 
 
 V O L U M E ;/><? F I R S T. 
 I'he Second Edition: With a Compleat Index. 
 
 LONDON: . 
 
 Printed for Jacob Ton son, at Shake fpear's-Head i:\ the Strand, 
 
 M Dec XXX. 
 
: /^>.-rm„-, .■ 
 
 To the Right Honourable 
 
 i/J*/". /.' (J//M/\Jri//^ 
 
 J J MRS C RA G G S.'SS^ 
 
 His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State. 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 Cannot wifli that any of 
 my writings fliould laft 
 longer than the memo- 
 ry of our Friendfliip, 
 and therefore I thus publickly bequeathe 
 
 ^ them 
 
[ii] 
 them to You, in return for the many 
 
 valuable inftanccs of Your AfFe(9:ion. 
 
 That they may come to you with as 
 little difadvantage as pofFible^ I have left 
 the care of them to one:> whom, by the 
 experience of fome years, I know well 
 qualified to anfwer my intentions. He 
 has already tlie honour and happinefs 
 of being under Your prote(9:ion; and, 
 as he will very much ftand in need of it, 
 I cannot widi him better, than that he 
 may continue to dcferve the favour and 
 countenance of fuch a Patron. 
 
 I have no time to lay out in forming 
 fuch compliments, as would but ill fuit 
 that familiarity between us, which was 
 
 once 
 
[iii] 
 
 once my greateft pleafure, and will be 
 my greateft honour hereafter. Inftead 
 of them, accept of my hearty wiflies, 
 that the great reputation, you have ac- 
 quired fo early, may ina^afe more and 
 more: and that You may long fcrve 
 your country with thofe excellent ta- 
 lents, and unblemidied integrity, which 
 have fo powerfully recommended you 
 to the mofl gracious and amiable Mo- 
 narch, that ever filled a throne. May 
 the franknefs and generofity of your 
 Ipirit continue to foften and fubdue 
 your enemies, and gain you many 
 friends, if poffible, as fincere as your 
 felf. When You have found fuch, they 
 
 cannot 
 
[ iv ] 
 
 cannot wifli you more true happi- 
 nefs than I, who am, with the greatefl 
 Zeal, 
 
 Dear Sir,. 
 
 Tour moji Entirely AffeSiionate Friend:, 
 
 and Faithful Obedient Servants 
 
 June 4, 
 1719. 
 
 J. AdDISON; 
 
THE 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 JOSEPH ADDISON, the Ton o^ Lancelot Addtfon, D. D. 
 and of '^ane the daughter of NathamelGulflon, D. D. and 
 fifter of Dr. JVtll'tam Gnljlon Bifhop of Briftol, was born 
 at Mtlfton near Amhrofehur'^, in the county of JVtlts, in the 
 year 1671. His father, who was of the county of IVeflmor- 
 land, and educated at ^leenh College in Oxford, palfed many 
 years in his travels through Europe and Africa, where he joined, 
 to the uncommon and excellent talents of nature, a great know- 
 ledge of letters and things ; of which feveral books publidied 
 by him are ample teftimonies. He was Redor o{ Miljlon above- 
 mentioned, when Mr. Addifon his eldeft fon was born : and af- 
 terwards became Arch-deacon of Coventry, and Dean of Litch- 
 field. 
 
 Mr. Addifon received his firfl: education at the Chartreux, 
 from whence he was removed very early to ^^een's College in 
 Oxford. He had been there about two years, when the acci- 
 dental fight of a paper of his verfes, in the hands of Dr. Lancafer 
 then Dean of that houfe, occafioned his being elected into 
 Magdalen College. He employed his firft years in the ftudy 
 
 YoL. I, a . of 
 
vi The PREFACE. 
 
 of the old Greek and Roman writers j whofe language and 
 manner he caught at that time of life, as ftrongly as other 
 young people gain a French accent, or a genteel air. An 
 early acquaintance with the Claffics is what may be called the 
 good-breeding of Poetry, as it gives a certain graceful nels 
 which never forfakes a mind, that contracted it in youth, but 
 is feldom or never hit by thofe, who would learn it too late. 
 He firft diftinguifhed himfelf by his Lat'm compofitions, pub- 
 liflied in the Mtifie Anglicans, and was admired as one of the 
 bcft authors fince the Augujlan age, in the two Univerfi- 
 ties, and the greateft part of Europe^ before he was talked of 
 as a Poet in Town. There is not perhaps any harder task 
 than to tame the natural wildnels of wit, and to civilize the 
 fancy. The generality of our old Engl'tjh Poets abound in 
 forced conceits, and affected phrafes j and even thofe, who are 
 faid to come the neareft to exa6tne(s, are but too often fond 
 of unnatural beauties, and aim at fomething better than per- 
 fe<5t:ion. If Mr. Addifon^s, example and precepts be the occa- 
 iion, that there now begins to be a great demand for corre<St- 
 nefs, we may juftly attribute it to his being firft fafhioned by 
 the ancient models, and • familiarifed to propriety of thought, 
 and chaftity of ftyle. Our country owes it to him, that the 
 famous Monfieur Botleau firft conceived an opinion of the En- 
 gl'ijh genius for Poetry, by perufing the prefent he made him 
 of the Mufa; Angl'icance. It has been currently reported, that 
 this famous French Poet, among the civilities he fhewed 
 Mr. Add'ifon on that occafion, affirmed, that he would not have 
 written againft Ferraidt^ had he before feen fuch excellent pieces 
 by a modern h;ind Such a faying. would have been impertinent 
 and unworthy Botleau^ whofe dilpute with Perrault turned chiefly 
 
 4 upon 
 
The PREFACE. vh 
 
 Upon fome paflages in the ancients, which he refcued from the 
 mif-interpretations of his adverfary. The true and natural com- 
 pliment made by him, was, that thofe books had given him a 
 very new Idea of the Englifh politenefs, and that he did not 
 queftion but there were excellent compofitions in the native lan- 
 guage of a country, that pofTeffed the Roman genius in (b emi- 
 nent a decree. 
 
 The firfl: Engltjh performance made public by him, is a 
 (hort copy of verfes to Mr. Dryden^ with a view particularly to 
 his tranflations. This was foon followed by a verfion of the 
 fourth Georgtc of Firgtly of which Mr. Dvyden makes very ho- 
 nourable mention, in the poftfcript to his own tranflation of all 
 Vtrgtl\ works : wherein I have often wondered that he did not, 
 at the fame time, acknowledge his obligation to Mr. Add'ifon, 
 for giving him The Effay upon the Georgics, prefixed to Mr. Dryden's 
 tranflation. Left the honour of (b exquifite a piece of criticifm 
 fhould hereafter be transferred to a wrong author, 1 have taken 
 care to infert it in this coUedion of his works. 
 
 Of fbme other copies of verfes, printed in the Aftfcellanies, 
 while he was young, the largeft is An Account of the great eji En- 
 glifh Poets ,• in the clofe of which he infinuates a defign he then 
 had of going into holy orders, to which he was ftrongly im- 
 portuned by his father. His remarkable ferioufnefs and modefty, 
 which might have been urged as powerful reafons for his 
 choofing that life, proved the chief obftacles to it. Thefe 
 qualities, by which the priefthood is fb much adorned, repre- 
 fented the duties of it as too weighty for him ; and rendered him 
 ftill the more worthy of that honour, which they made him 
 decline. It is happy that this very circumftance has fince turned 
 fo much to the advantage of virtue and religion, in the caufe 
 
 3 2 of 
 
viii The PREFACE. 
 
 of which he has beftowed his labours the more ruccersfully, 
 as they were his voluntary, not his neceffary employment. 
 The world became infenfibly reconciled to wifdom and good- 
 nefs, when they faw them recommended by him with at leaft 
 as much fpirit and elegance, as they had been ridiculed for half 
 a century. 
 
 He was in his twenty eighth year, when his inclination to 
 fee France and Ital'j was encouraged by the great Lord-Chancel- 
 lor Somers, one of that kind of patriots, who think it no waflre 
 of the public treafure to purchafe politenefs to their country. 
 The Poem upon one of King Wtlhani'% campaigns, addreft to 
 His Lordfhip, was received with great humanity, and occafioned 
 a melfage from him to the author to defire his acquaintance. 
 He foon after obtained, by his intcreft, a yearly penfion of 
 three hundred pounds from the Crown, to fupport him in his 
 travels. If the uncommonnefs of a favour, and the diftindion 
 of theperfonwho confers it, enhaunce its value : nothing could 
 be more honourable to a young man of learning, than fuch a 
 bounty from fo eminent a patron. 
 
 How well Mr. Addtfon anfwered the expedations of my 
 Lord Somers^ cannot appear better, than from the book of 
 Travels he dedicated to his Lordiliip at his return. It is 
 BOt hard to conceive, why that performance was at firft 
 but indifferently reliflied by the bulk of readers j who expeded 
 an account, in a common way, of thecuftoms and policies 
 of the feveral governments in Italy, reflexions upon the ge- 
 nius of the people, a map of their provinces, or a meafure of 
 their buildino-s. How were they difappointed, when, inftead 
 of fuch particulars, they were prefcnted only with a journal of 
 poetical travels, with remarks on the prefent pidure of the 
 
 country. 
 
The PREFACE. ix 
 
 country, compared with the landskips drawn by claffic au- 
 thors, and others the hke unconcerning parts of knowledge! 
 One may eafily imagine a reader of plain fenfe, but without 
 a fine tafte, turning over thefc parts of the volume, which 
 make more than half of it, and wondering, how an author, 
 who feems to have fo folid an underftanding, when he treats 
 of more weighty fubje6ts in the other pages, fliould dwell up- 
 on fuch trifles, and give up fo much room to matters of 
 mere amufement. There are indeed but few men fo fond of 
 the ancients, as. to be tranfportcd with every little accident, 
 which introduces to their intimate acquaintance. Perfons of 
 that caft may here have the fatisfadion of feeing annotations 
 upon an old Roman Poem, . gathered from the hills and val- 
 lies where it was written. The T'yber and the Po ferve to 
 explain the verfes, that were made upon their banks; and the 
 Alpes and Appenmnes are made commentators on thofe authors, 
 to whom they were fubjed:s fo many centuries ago. Next to 
 perfbnal converfation with the writers themfelves, this is the 
 fureft way of coming at their fenfe : a compendious and en- 
 gaging kind of criticifm, which convinces at firft fight, and 
 fhews the vanity of conjectures, made by antiquaries at a dl- 
 ftance. If the knowledge of polite literature has itsufe, there 
 is certainly a merit in illuftrating the perfed: models of it, and 
 the learned world will • think fome years of a man's life not 
 mif-fpent in fo elegant an employment. I ihall conclude what 
 1 had to fay on this performance, by obferving, that the fame 
 of it incrcafcd from year to year, and the demand for copies 
 was fo urgent, that their price rofe to four or five times the 
 original value, before it came out in a fecond edition. 
 
 The 
 
X The PREFACE. 
 
 The Letter from Ital'j to my Lord Halifax may be confide- 
 red as the text upon which the book of Travels is a large ooqi- 
 ment, and has been efteemed by thofe, who have a rehfh for 
 antiquity, as the mod exquifite of his poetical performances. 
 A tranflation of it by Signer Salv'im^ profcfTor of the Greek 
 tongue at Florence^ is inferred in this edition, not only on the 
 account of its merit, but becaufe it is the language of the 
 country which is the fubje<5t of this Poem. 
 
 The materials for the Dialogues upon Medals^ now firft 
 printed from a manufcript of the Author, were colleded 
 in the native country . of thofe Coins. The book it felf was 
 begun to be cad into Form at Vienna., as appears from a let- 
 ter to Mr. Stepnejj then minifter at that court, dated in No- 
 vember 1702. 
 
 Some time before the date of this letter, Mr. Addifon had 
 defign'd to return to Englaud, when he received advice from 
 his friends, that he was pitched upon to attend the army un- 
 der Prince Eugene, who had juft begun the war in Italy, as 
 Secretary from His Majefty. But an account of the death of 
 King 1¥'tlliam, which he met with at Geneva, put an end to 
 that thought ; and as his hopes of advancement in his own 
 country were fallen with the credit of his friends, who were 
 out of power at the beginning of Her late Majefty's reign, he 
 had leifure to make the tour of Germany in his way home. 
 
 He remained for Ibme time, after his return to England, 
 without any public employment, which he did not obtain 'till 
 the year 1704, when the Duke of Marlborough arrived at the 
 higheft pitch of glory, by delivering all Europe from flavery, 
 2ad furnifhed Mr. Addifon with a fubjedt worthy of that genius 
 which appears in his Poem called The Campaign. The Lord-Trea- 
 
 furer 
 
rhe PREFACE. xi 
 
 fiirer Godolph'm, who was a fine judge of Poetry, had a fight 
 of this work, when it was only carried on as far as the ap- 
 plauded fimile of the Angel -^ and approved the Poem, by 
 beftowing on the Author, in a few days after, the place of 
 Commiffioner of Appeals, vacant by the removal of the fa- 
 mous Mr. Locke to the council of Trade. 
 
 His next advancement was to the place of Under-fecretary, 
 which he held under Sir Charles Hedges, and the prefcnt Earl 
 of Sunderland. The Opera of Rofamond was written, while 
 he pofTeffed that employment. What doubts focver have been 
 raifed about the merit of the mufick, which, as the Italian 
 tafte at that time begun wholly to prevail, was thought fuffi- 
 ciently inexcufable, becaufe it was the compofition of an Fm- 
 glijh -man ; the Poetry of this piece has given as much pleafiire 
 in the clofet, as others have afforded from the ftage, with all 
 the affiftance of voices and inftruments. 
 
 The Comedy called the Tender Husband appeared much 
 about the fame time, to which Mr, Addifon wrote the Pro- 
 logue. Sir Richard Steele furprized him with a very handfome 
 dedication of this play, and has fince acquainted the public, 
 that he owed fome of the moft taking fcenes of it to Mr. 
 Addtfon, 
 
 His next ftep in his fortune, was to the poft of Secretary 
 under the late Marquels of Wharton, who was appointed Lord- 
 Lieutenant of Ireland va the year 1709. As I have propofed 
 to touch but very lightly on thofe parts of his life, which do 
 not regard him as an Author, I fliall not enlarge upon the threat 
 reputation he acquired by his turn to bufine/s, and his unblc- 
 miflied integrity, in this and other employments. It muft 
 not be omitted here, that the falary of Keeper of the Records 
 
 in 
 
xii 7he PREFACE. 
 
 in Irelaf^d ^'iis confiderably raifed, and that pod beftowed upon 
 liim, at this time, as a mark of the Queen's favour. He was 
 in that kingdom, when he firft difcovered Sir Richard Steele 
 to be Author of the Tatler^ by an obfervation upon Firgtl^ 
 which had been by him communicated to his friend. The 
 afliftance he occafionally gave him afterwards in the courfe 
 of the paper, did not a Httle contribute to advance its reputa- 
 tion ,• and, upon the change of the miniftry, he found lei- 
 lure to engage more conftantly in that work, which however 
 was dropt at laft, as it had been taken up, without his partici- 
 pation. 
 
 In the laft paper, which clofed thofe celebrated performan- 
 ces, and in the preface to the laft volume. Sir Richard Steele 
 has given to Mr. Addifon the honour of the moft applauded 
 pieces in that colledion. But as that acknowledgement was 
 delivered only in general terms, without directing the public 
 to the feveral papers : Mr, Add'tforiy who was content with 
 the praile arifing from his own works, and too delicate 
 to take any part of that which belong'd to others, afterwards 
 thought fit to diftinguifh his writings in ^^SpeBators 2.x\^Guar- 
 dmns, by fuch marks, as might remove the leaft poffibility of 
 miftake in the moft undifcerning readers. It was necelTary 
 that his ftiare in the Tatlers ftiould be adjufted in a complete 
 coUedion of his works j for which reafon Sir Richard Steele, 
 in compliance with the requeft of his deceafed friend, delive- 
 red to him by the editor, was pleafed to mark with his own 
 hand thofe Tatlers^ which are inferted in this edition, and e- 
 ven to point out feveral, in the writing of which they both 
 were concerned. 
 
 Tl: 
 
 le 
 
The PREFACE. xiii 
 
 The plan of the Spe5lator, as far as it reg^^ls the feigned 
 perfon of the Author, and of the feveral charaders that com- 
 pofe his club, was projed:ed in concert with Sir Richard Steele, 
 And, becaufe many palTages in the courfe of che work would 
 otherwife be obfcure, I have taken leave to infert one fingle paper, 
 written by Sir Richard Steele ^ wherein thofe characters are drawn, 
 which may ferve as a Dramatis Perforce, or as fo many pidures for 
 an ornament and explication of the whole. As for the diftindt 
 papers, they were never or feldom fhown to each other by their 
 refpedtive authors ,• who fully anfwered the promife they had made, 
 and far out-went the exped:ation they had raifed, of purfuing their 
 labour in the fame fpirit and ftrength, with which it was begun. 
 It would have been impoflible for Mr. Addifon^ who made little 
 or no ufe of letters fent in by the numerous corrcfpondents of 
 the Spe&ator^ to have executed his large Ihare of this task, 
 in fo exquifite a manner j if he had not ingrafted into it many 
 pieces, that had lain by him in little hints and minutes, which 
 he from time to time collected, and ranged in order, and 
 moulded into the form in which they now appear. Such are 
 the clTays upon fVit^ the Pleafures of the Imagination^ the Cri- 
 tique upon Milton^ and fome others, which I thought to have 
 conneded in a continued Series in this edition ; though they were 
 at firfl publiflied with the interruption of writings on different 
 fubjeds. But 's fuch a fcheme would have obliged me to cut 
 off feveral graceful introdudions and circumftances, peculiarly 
 adapted to the time and occafion of printing them, I darft not 
 purfiie that attempt. 
 
 The Tragedy of Cato appeared in public in the Year 1713, 
 when the greateft part of the laft Kdi was added by the Au- 
 thor to the foregoing, which he had. kept by him for many 
 
 Vol. I. . h years. 
 
xiv The PREFACE. 
 
 years. He took up a defign of writing a play upon this fub- 
 je6t, when he was very young at the Univerfity, and even at- 
 tempted fomething in it there, though not a hne as it now (lands. 
 The work was performed by him in his travels, and retouched 
 in England, without any formed refolution of bringing it upon 
 the ftage, 'till his friends of the firft quality and diftindion pre- 
 vailed with him to put the laft finifhing to it, at a time when 
 they thought the dodtrine of Liberty very feafonable. It is in 
 every body's memory, with what applaufe it was received by the 
 public 5 that the firft run of it lafted for a month j and then 
 flopped, only becaufe one of the performers became incapable 
 of ading a principal part. The Author received a meffage, that 
 the Queen would be pleafed to have it dedicated to her : but as 
 he had defigned that compliment elfewhere, he found himfelf 
 obliged by his duty on the one fide, and his honour on the 
 other, to fend it into the world without any dedication. The 
 fame of this Tragedy foon fpread through Europe, and it has 
 not only been tranflated, but a6ted in moft of the languages 
 of Chriftendom. The tranflation of it into ItaVtan, by Signor 
 Salv'im, is very well known -, but I have not been able to learn, 
 whether that of Signor Valetta, a young Neapolitan nobleman, 
 has ever been made public. 
 
 If he had found time for the writing of another tragedy, the 
 Death of Socrates would have been the ftory. And, however 
 unpromifing that fubje6t may appear, it would be prefumptuou§ 
 to cenfure his choice, who was fo famous for raifing the nobleft 
 plants from the moft barren foil. It ferves to (hew, that he 
 thought the whole labour of fuch a performance unworthy to 
 be thrown away upon thofe intrigues and adventures, to which 
 t\it Romantic tafte has confined modern Tragedy j and, after 
 
 the 
 
7he PREFACE. xv 
 
 the example of his predecefTors in Greece, would have employed 
 the Drama to wear out of our mwdi every thing that h mean, ar 
 Utile ; f<i cherijh and cultivate that humanity which is the orna- 
 ment of our nature ; to /often infolence, to footh affliBion; und to 
 /ubdue our mmds to the difpenfations of Providence. * 
 
 Upon the death of the late Queen, the Lords Juftices, in 
 whom the adminiftration was lodged; appointed him their Secre- 
 tary. Soon after His Majefty's arrival in Great Britain , the Earl 
 of Sunderland being conftituted Lord-Lieutenant of Irelandy 
 Mr. Addtfon became a fecond time Secretary for the affairs of 
 that kingdom J and was made one of the Lords-Commiflioners 
 of Trade, a little after his Lordfliip refigned the pod of Lord- 
 Lieutenant. 
 
 The paper, called the Freeholder, was undertaken at the 
 time, when the rebellion broke out in Scotland, 
 
 The only works he left behind him for the public, are the 
 Dialogues upon Medals, and the Trcatife upon the Chrifiian Re- 
 ligion. Some account has been already given of the former, 
 to which nothing is now to be added, except that a great 
 part of the Latin quotations were rendered into Englifh, in a 
 very hafty manner, by the Editor, and one of his friends, who 
 had the good-nature to aflift him, during his avocations of bu- 
 {inefs. It was thought better to add thefe tranflations, fuch as 
 they are, than to let the work come out unintelligible to thofe 
 who do not pofTefs the learned languages. 
 
 The fcheme for the Treatife upon the Chrifiian Religion was 
 formed by the Author, about the end of the late Queen's reign ; 
 at which time he carefully perufed the ancient writings, which 
 furnifli the materials for it. His continual employment in bufi- 
 nefs prevented him from executing it, 'till he refigned his office 
 
 * Sfttlaicr. N» 39. P ^ ^^ 
 
xvi The PREFACE. 
 
 of Secretary of State j and his death put a period to it, when he 
 had imperfedly performed only one half of the defign; he having 
 propofed, as appears from the introduction, to add the Jewijh 
 to the Heathen teftimonies, for the truth of the Chriftian hiftory. 
 He was more afliduous, than his health would well allow, in 
 the purfuit of this work ,• and had long determined to dedicate 
 his Poetry alfo, for the future, wholly to religious fubje(5ts. 
 
 Soon after he was, from being one of the Lords-Commiflio- 
 ners of Trade, advanced to the poft of Secretary of State, he 
 found his health impaired by the return of that afthmatic indiP" 
 pofition,' which continued often to afflid him during his exercife 
 of that employment, and at laft obliged him to beg HisMajefty's 
 leave to refign. His freedom from the anxiety of bufinefs fo 
 far re-eftabliflied his health, that his friends began to hope he 
 might laft for many years , but (whether it were from a Hfe too 
 ledentary, or from his natural conftitution, in which was one cir- 
 cumftance very remarkable, that, from his cradle, he never had 
 a regular pulfe) a long and painful relapfe into an afthma and 
 dropfie deprived the world of this great man, on the 17th of 
 June 17 1 9. He left behind him only one Daughter, by the 
 Countefs of ft^arwkk, to whom he was married in the year 1716. 
 
 Not many days before his death, he gave me dire<5tions to 
 colled his writings, and at the fame time committed to my care 
 the Letter addreft to Mr. Craggs (his fucceflbr as Secretary of 
 State) wherein he bequeaths them to him, as a token of friend- 
 fliip. Such a teftimony, from the firft: man of our age, in 
 fuch a point of time, will be perhaps as great and lafting an 
 honour to that gentleman, as any even he could acquire to 
 himfelf J and yet is no more than was due from an affedion, 
 that juftly increafed towards him, through the intimacy of fe- 
 
 vcral 
 
The PREFACE. xii 
 
 veral years. I cannot, without the utmoft tendernefs, refled on 
 the kind concern, with which Mr. Add'ifon left Me as a fort of 
 incumbrance upon this valuable legacy. Nor mud I deny my- 
 felf the honour to acknowledge, that the goodnefs of that great 
 man to me, like many other of his amiable qualities, feemed 
 not fo much to be renewed as continued in his fucceflor ^ who 
 made mean example, that nothing could be indifferent to him, 
 which came recommended by Mr. Add'ifon. 
 
 Could any circumftance be more fevere to me, while I was 
 executing thefe laft commands of the Author, than to fee the 
 perfbn, to whom his works were prefented, cut off in the flower 
 of his age, and carried from the high office wherein he had 
 fucceeded Mr. Add'tfori, to be laid next him in the fame grave ! 
 I might dwell upon fuch thoughts, as naturally rife from thefe 
 minute refemblances in the fortune of two perfons, whofe names 
 probably will be feldom mentioned afunder, while either our lan- 
 guage or (lory fubfifl» were I not afraid of making this preface 
 too tedious ,• efpecially fince I fhall want all the patience of the 
 reader, for having enlarged it with, the following verfes. 
 
 To the Right Honourable the 
 
 EARL of IVARJFICK, &c. 
 
 IF, dumh too longy the droopitig Mufe hath Jiayd, 
 And left her deht to Addifbn unpaid ; 
 Blame not ker flencey Warwick, but be/noan, 
 4d.nd ittdre, oh Judge j my hofom by your oiun, 
 
 What 
 
[ xviii ] 
 
 l^hat mourner e^jer fek foetic^firesl 
 
 Sloiv comes the 'verfe, that real ijuoe hifpires : 
 
 Grief unaffeBed fuits hut ill njuith art. 
 
 Or fomng numbers ^ith a bleeding heart. 
 
 Can I forget the difmal night, that ga^ve 
 My foul's hejl part fur-ei;er to the granje I 
 Honufilent did his old companions tread. 
 By mid-night lamps, the manftons of the dead. 
 Through breathing flatues, then unheeded things. 
 Through ronves of 'warriors, and through rwalks of kings I 
 What a^e did the flonv folemn knell infpire ; 
 The pealing organ, and the paufing choir ; 
 The duties by the lanm-robed prelate pay d; 
 And the lafl nvords, that dujl to dufi convey di 
 U^ile fpeechlefs o'er thy clofmg grave nve bend. 
 Accept thefe tears, thou dear departed friend. 
 Oh gone for-euer, tale this long adieu ; 
 Andfleep in peace, next thy lov'd Montagu ! 
 
 To flreiv frejh laurels let the task be mine, 
 A frequent pilgrim, at thy facred Jhrine, 
 Mine ivith true ftghs thy ah fence to bemoan. 
 And grave nuith faithful epitaphs thy fione. 
 If e'er from me thy lovd memorial part. 
 May Jhame affiiU this alienated heart ; 
 Of thee forgetful if I form a fong. 
 My lyre be broken, and untun'd my tongue. 
 My griefs be doubled, from thy image free. 
 And mirth a torment, ufichajiifed by thef. 
 
 ofi 
 
[ xix ] 
 
 Oft let me range the gloomy Iks ajone 
 {Sad luxury I to 'vulgar minds unknonvn) 
 Along the avails 'where freaking marbles jhom) 
 What 'worthies form the holloivd mold helonv : 
 Proud namesy 'who once the reins of empire held-. 
 In arms nvho triumphed; or in arts excel I'd ^ 
 Chief Sy grac'd nuith fears y and prodigal of blood j 
 Stern patriots, 'who for facred freedom flood y 
 'Jujl meny by 'whom impartial la'ws 'were gi'ven ; 
 And faints y 'who taught, and led, the 'way to heaven. 
 Ne'er to thefe chamhersy 'where the mighty rejl. 
 Since their foundation, came a nobler guefl. 
 Nor e'er 'was to the bo-wers of hlifs con'veyd 
 A fairer fpirity or more 'welcome Jhade, 
 
 In 'what ite'w region, to the jufl a^igfidy 
 What nenv employments pleafe th' unbodyd mind'i 
 A 'winged Virtue, through th' ethereal sky. 
 From 'world to 'world un-weary'd does he fly? 
 Or curious trace the long laborious maze 
 Of hea'vens decreesy 'where 'wondering angels gaze ? 
 Does he delight to hear bold Seraphs tell 
 Ho'w Michael battel' dy and the Dragon fell ? 
 Or, mixt fwith milder Cherubim, to glow 
 In hymns of lo've, not ill ejfay'd helo'w ? 
 Or do'Jl thou 'warn poor mortals left behind, 
 A task 'well fuited to thy gentle mind? 
 Ohy if fometimes thy fpotlefs form defcend. 
 Tome thy aid, thou guardian Genius y lend I 
 
 Wheff 
 
IFhen rage mifguides me, or ivhen fear alarms. 
 When pain difirefesj or nvhen pie.:Jir.e charms. 
 In ftlent <whifperings p>'rer thoughts impart. 
 And turn from III a frail and fe^ hlc heart ; 
 Lead through the paths thy 'virtue trade before, 
 'Till hlifs fiall joiuy nor death can part us more. 
 
 That a<wful form {ivhich, fa ye hea'vens decree, 
 Mujl flill he lou'd and Jlill deplor'd hy me) 
 In nightly <viJions feldom fails to rife. 
 Or, rous'd hy fancy, meets my ivaking eyes. 
 If hujinefs calls, or crowded courts in^vite, 
 Th" unhlemijh'd Jlatefman feems to Jlrike my Ji^t y 
 If in the Jlage I ftek to foothe my care, 
 1 meet his foul, 'which breathes in Cato there j 
 If penji've to the rural Jhades I rcve. 
 His f jape dertakes me in the lonely grcve: 
 'T'was there of Jujl and Good he reafon'djlrong. 
 Clear d fome great truth, or rais'd fame ferious fong\ 
 There patient po'wd us the 'wife courfe to Jleery 
 A candid cenfor, and a friend fe'vere ; 
 ■There taught us hoiv to li've; and {oh I too high 
 The price for kno'wledge) taught us hoiv to die. 
 
 Thou Hill, 'whofe bronv the antique JlruBures grace. 
 Reared by hold chiefs of War wick' j noble race. 
 Why, once fo Icvd, 'when-e'er thy bo'wer appears. 
 O'er my dim eye-balls glance the fudden tears I 
 Honv f'weet were once thy frofpeSls frejh and fair, 
 Thy flopifig nvalks, and unpolluted air I 
 
 Hoiv 
 
I XXI ] 
 
 ffonv fweet the ^oomes heneath thy aged trecs^ 
 Thy noon-tide Jhadonuy and thy euening hreezel 
 His image thy forfaken boivers rejlore ; 
 Thy nvalks and airy profpeUs charm no fuore, 
 No more the fummer in thy gloomes al/ayd, 
 Thy e'vening breezes^ and thy noon-day Jhade. 
 
 From other illsy however fortune froivn'dy 
 Some refuge in the mufe's art I fomid: 
 ReluBant now I touch the trembling Jlring, 
 Bereft of him nvho taught me how to fingy 
 And thefe fad accents^ murmured oer his urn. 
 Betray that abfence, they attempt to mourn. 
 Oh I mujl I then (now frep my bofom bleeds. 
 And Craggs in death to Addifon fucceeds) 
 The 'verfe, begun to one lofl friend, prolong, 
 And'weep a fecond in th" unfnijh'd fongl 
 
 Thefe works divine, which on his death- bed laid 
 To thee, Craggs, th" expiring Sage convey d. 
 Great, but ill-omen d monument of fame. 
 Nor he furqjiv'd to give, nor thou to claim. 
 Swift after him thy facial fpirit pes. 
 And clofe to his, how foon I thy copn lies. 
 Blejl pair I whofe union future bards fjall tell 
 In future tongues : each other s boajl 1 farewel. 
 Farewell whom Joined in fame, in fr'tendjhip tryd. 
 No chance could fever, nor the gra<ve diitide. 
 
 Tho. Tickell, 
 
 V L. I. C 
 
THE 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 TO Mr. Dry den. Page 5 
 
 A Poem to his Majejly. Prejented to the Lord Keeper: p. 5 
 A Tranjlation of all Virgil's Fourth Georgicky except the Jlory of 
 
 An{ix\^s. p. 17 
 
 A Song. For St. Cecilia'i- day at Oxford. P- 3 1 
 
 An account of the greatejl Englifh Poets. P- 5 4 
 
 A Letter from Italy, to the Right Honourahle Charles Lord Halifax. 
 
 In the year 1701. p- 41 
 
 MiltonV jlyk imitatedy in a tranflation of a Jlory out of the Third 
 
 y^neid. 
 The Campaign, a Poem.. 
 ROSAMOND, an Opera. 
 Prologue to the Tender Husband. ;7' - 
 
 Epilogue to the Bricifli Enchanters.- ^'•^' 
 
 Horace, Ode III Book III. 
 
 O vid^ s Metamorphofes. Book II. The Jlory of ^h^ieton. 
 Phaeton'i- Jijlers transformed into Trees. 
 The transformation of Cycnus into a Snvan. 
 The Jlory of Califto. 
 
 The Jlory of Coronis, and hirth of ./^fculapius. 
 Ocyrrhoe transformed to a Mare. 
 The transformation of Battus to a Touchflone. 
 The Jlory of Aglauros, transformed into a Statue. 
 Europa'j Rape. 
 Ovid' J- Me'tamorphofes, Book III, The Jlory of Cadmus. 
 
 p- 
 
 55 
 
 p- 
 
 ss> 
 
 p- 
 
 7^ 
 
 p. ] 
 
 \^ 
 
 p. ] 
 
 137 
 
 p. ] 
 
 i35> 
 
 p. 1 
 
 '44 
 
 p- 
 
 ^^7 
 
 p. : 
 
 '55? 
 
 P- 
 
 \6\ 
 
 P- 
 
 167 
 
 P- 
 
 f?! 
 
 p. 1 
 
 '75 
 
 p. ] 
 
 '74 
 
 p. : 
 
 I 80 
 
 p. J 
 
 r85 
 
 The 
 
The CONTENT S. 
 
 Tloe transformation of A(5tceon into a Stag. p, , <, q 
 
 The Birth of Bacchus. p. i ^ , 
 
 7he transformation of Tirefias. p. i^y 
 
 The transformation of Echo, p. i<j8 
 
 The jlory of Narcifllis. p. 2.00 
 
 The Jlory of Pentheus. p. 2,04 
 
 The Mariners transform' d to Dolphins. p. 2.07 
 
 The death of Pentheus. p. 212, 
 
 The Jlory 0/ Sal mac is and Hcrmaphroditus. From the fourth hook of 
 
 Ovid's Metamorphofes. p. 2.14 
 
 Notes on fome of the foregoing Stories in OvidV Metamorphofes. p. x 1 5, 
 
 An Effay on Virgil'j Georgics. p. 2. 5 (J 
 
 CATO. A Tragedy. p. 247 
 
 To her Royal Highnefs the Prince fs of Wales, 'with the Tragedy of 
 
 Cato. Nov. 1714: p. 371 
 
 To Sir Godfrey Kneller, on his piUure of the King. p. 3 ja 
 
 Pax GvXicV-m aufpiciis ^mo^x reddita, iC^-j. p. 3 S i 
 
 Barometri defcriptio. p^ 288 
 
 nTrMAlOTEPANOMAXIA,/w, Pr^lium inter Pygnmos et Grues 
 
 commiffiim. p. » r) x 
 
 RefurreElio delineata ad alt are Col. Magd. Oxon. p. 397 
 
 Sphierijlerium. p. a 01 
 
 Ad D. D. Hannes, injignijfimum medicum et poetam. p. 404 
 
 Machine gelUculantes, anglice a Puppet-Show. p. 40 (J 
 
 Ad infigntjfmmm virum D. Tho. Burnettum, facra Theoria telluris 
 
 p. 409 
 
 autorem. 
 
 Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs of Ancient MEDALS. p-4i3 
 
 POEMS 
 
r-' 
 
 POEMS 
 
 O N 
 
 SEP'ERAL OCCASIONS, 
 
 Vol. I. B 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 To Mr. D R y D E N. 
 
 ^i^S^'^^m^ ^SMM^M tMMM^^JtMtdMA 
 
 Eccn 
 
 0|OW long, great Poet, {hall thy fa- 
 cred Lays 
 Provoke our Wonder, and tranfcend 
 our Praife ? 
 I Can neither injuries of Time, or 
 
 Age, 
 I Damp thy Poetick Heat, and quench 
 thy Rage? 
 Not (b thy Ovid in his Exile wrote. 
 Grief chill'd his Brcaft, and check'd his rifing Thought; 
 Penfive and fad, his drooping Mufe betrays 
 The Roman Genius in its laft Decays. 
 
 Prevailing Warmth has ftill thy mind pofTcft, 
 And fecond Youth is kindled in thy breaft j 
 
 B 2 Thou 
 
4 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 Thou mak'fl: the beauties of the Romans known. 
 And England boafts of riches not her ownj 
 Thy hnes have heighten'd F'trgd's Majefty, 
 And Horcce wonders at him(elf in Thee. 
 Thou teachcft Ptrfim to inform our ifle 
 In fmoother Numbers, and a clearer Style; 
 And Juvenaly inftruded in thy page, 
 Edges his Satyr, and improves his Rage. 
 Thy Copy cafts a fairer Light on all. 
 And dill out-{hines the bright Original. 
 
 Now Ovid boafts th' Advantage of thy Song, 
 And tells his Story in the Br'iujh tongue,- 
 Thy charming Verfe, and fair Tranflations, fliow 
 How thy own Laurel firft began to grow,- 
 How wild L')caon chang'd by angry Gods, 
 And frighted at himfelf, ran howling through the Woods. 
 
 O mayft thou ftill the noble Task prolong, 
 Nor Age, nor Sicknefs interrupt thy fong : 
 Then may we wondering read, how Human Limbs 
 Have water'd Kingdoms, and diffolv'd in Streams;, 
 Of thofe rich Fruits that on the fertile mould 
 Turn'd yellow by degrees, a:nd ripen'd into Gold : 
 How fbme in Feathers, or a ragged Hide, 
 Have liv'd a Second hfe, and different Natures try'd.. 
 Then will thy Ov'id.^ thus transform'd, reveal 
 A Nobler ChanQ-e than he himfelf can telL 
 
 D 
 
 Mag. Coll. Oxon^ 
 
 June 2. ifipj. • 
 
 Iht Author's agi ^^^ 
 
P O E M 
 
 T O H I S 
 
 # 
 
 MAJESTY. 
 
 Trefented to the Lord Keeper^ 
 
 * King William. Printed in the year i6ff, The Author'' s age t^. 
 
Poems on feveral Occasioi^s, 
 
 To the Right Honourable 
 
 Sir JOHN S M E R S, 
 Lord Keeper of the Great Seal 
 
 IF yet your thoughts are loofe from State Affairs, 
 Nor feel the burden of a Kingdom's Cares, 
 If yet your Time and ABions are your onun. 
 Receive the prefent of a Mufe Unhwwn : 
 A Mufe that in Advenfrous numbers Jings 
 The rout of Armies, and the fall of Kings, 
 Britain Ad^ancd, and EuropcV Peace Rejior'd, 
 By S o M E R s' Counfels, and by NAS SAUV Siuord. 
 
 * 
 To Tou, my Lord, thefe daring thoughts belong, 
 U^oo helped to Raife the SuhjeU of my fong ; 
 To Tou the Hero of my ^verfe re'veals 
 His great Defgns, to Tou in Council tells 
 His Imnojl thoughts, determining the doom 
 Of Toiuns Unjlorm'dy and Battels yet to come. 
 And ivell coi/d Tou, in Tour immortal Jlrains, 
 Vefcribe his ConduB, and Re'ward his Pains : 
 But fine e the State has all your Cares engrojl, 
 '/ifid Poetry in Higher thoughts is lofi, 
 
 » Attend 
 
8 ^ Poems on feveml Occasion sJ 
 
 Attend to 'what a leffer Mufe indites. 
 
 Par dm her Fault Sy and Countenance her Flints. 
 
 On ToUj my Lord^ ijjith anxious Fear I ivait. 
 And from Tour Judgment mujl expeB my Fate, 
 IVhOf free from Vulgar paj/ionsy are aho^e 
 Degrading Envyy or Mifguided Love; 
 If YoUj 'well-pleas'dy /hall fmile upon my lays^ 
 Secure of Fame, my 'voice Til boldly raifcy 
 For next to n^hat Ton Write ^ is 'what Ton Praife^ 
 
 T O 
 
Poems on fever^l Occasions, 
 
 T o T H E 
 
 K I M G. 
 
 WHEN now the bufinefs of the Field k o'er. 
 The Trumpets fleep, and Cannons ceafe to roar, 
 When ev'ry difmal Echo is decay'd. 
 And all the Thunder of the Battel laid ,• 
 Attend, Aufpicious Pnnce, and let the Mufe 
 In humble accents Milder thoughts infufe. 
 
 Others, in bold Prophetick numbers skill'd. 
 Set thee in Arms, and led thee to the field. 
 My Mufe expe<^ing on the Br'tujlo ftrand 
 Waits thy Return, and welcomes thee to land: 
 She oft has feen thee prefling on the Foe, 
 When Europe was concern'd in ev'ry Blow j 
 But durft not in Heroick ftrains rejoice ; 
 The Trumpets, Drums, and Cannons drown'd her Voice: 
 She faw the Bo'^n run thick with Human gore, 
 And floating Corps lye beating on the fliore : 
 She faw thee climb the banks, but try'd in vain 
 To trace her Hero through the dufty plain. 
 When through the thick Embattel'd lines he broke, 
 Now plung'd amidft the foes, now loft in clouds of fmoke. 
 
 O that feme Mufe, renown'd for Lofty verfe. 
 In daring numbers wou'd thy Toils rehearfe .' 
 
 Vol. I. C Draw 
 
10 Poems on federal Occasions. 
 
 Draw thee Belov'd in peace, and Fear'd in wars, 
 Inur'd to Noon-day fweats, and Mid-night cares! 
 But ftill the God-Uke Man, by fome hard Fate, 
 Receives the Glory of his toils too late j 
 Too late the Verfe the mighty Ad fucceeds. 
 One Age the Hero, one the Poet breeds. 
 
 A Thoufand years in full fucceflion ran. 
 E'er yirgil rais'd his voice, and fung the. Man 
 Who, driv'n by ftrefs of fate, fuch dangers bore 
 On ftormy Seas, and a difaftrous Shore, 
 Before he fettled in the Promis'd Earth, 
 And gave the Empire of the World its birth. 
 
 Tro'y long had found the Gredans bold and fierce^. 
 E'er Homer mufter'd up their Troops in Verfe j 
 Long had Achilles quell'd the Trojans' Luft, 
 And laid the Labour of the Gods in duft. 
 Before the Tow'ring Mufe began her flight. 
 And drew the Hero raging in the Fight, 
 Engag'd in tented fields, and rolling floods. 
 Or flaught'ring Mortals, or a Match for Gods. • 
 
 And here, perhaps, by Fate's unerring doom. 
 Some Mighty Bard lies hid in years to come, 
 That {hall in WILLIAM'S God-like Ads engage. 
 And with his Battels warm a Future age. 
 Hthernian fields fliall here thy Conquefts fliow. 
 And Bo^n be Sung, when it has ceas'd to Flow j 
 Here Galltck labours (hall advance thy fame, 
 And here Seneffe ftiall wear Another name. 
 Our late Pofterity, with fecret dread, 
 Shall view thy Battels, and with Pleafure read. 
 
 How, 
 
Vo'EMS on feveral Occasions. ii 
 
 How, in the bloody field, too near advanced. 
 The Guiltlefs Bullet on thy flioulder glanc'd. 
 
 The Race of NASSAUS was by heav'n defign'd 
 To curb the proud OpprefTors of mankind. 
 To bind the Tyrants of the Earth with laws, 
 And fight in ev'ry Injur'd nation's caufe. 
 The World's great Patriots ,• they for Juftice call. 
 And as they favour. Kingdoms rife or fall. 
 Our Brit'tjh Youth, unus'd to rough Alarms, 
 Carelefs of Fame, and negligent of Arms, 
 Had long forgot to Meditate the foe. 
 And heard unwarm'd the Martial Trumpet blow; 
 But now, infpir'd by Thee, with frefli delight. 
 Their Swords they brandilh, and require the Fight, 
 Renew their Ancient Conquefts on the Main, 
 And a6t their Fathers* triumphs o'er again; 
 Fir'd, when they hear how Agincourt was ftrow'd 
 With Gallic corps, and Crejfi fwam in blood, 
 With eager warmth they fight. Ambitious all 
 Who firft: fliall dorm the Breach, or mount the Wall. 
 In vain the thronging Enemy by force 
 Would clear the Ramparts, and repel their courfe ; 
 They break through all, for fFI L L lA M leads the way^ 
 Where Fires rage moft, and loudefl: Engines play. 
 Namure's late Terrours and Deftrudion fhow. 
 What IVI LLlAMy warm'd with juft Revenge, can do: 
 Where once a thoufand Turrets rais'd on high 
 Their gilded Spires, and glitter'd in the sky. 
 An undiftinguiih'd heap of Duft: is found. 
 And all the pile lies fmoaking on the ground. 
 
 C 2 His 
 
13 Poems on fever al Occasions. 
 
 His Toils for no Ignoble ends defign'd, 
 Promote the common welfare of mankind ^ 
 No wild Ambition moves, but Europe's Fears, 
 The Cries of Orphans, and the Widow's Tears. 
 Oppreft Religion gives the firft alarms. 
 And injur'd Juftice fets him in his Arms ,• 
 His Conquefts Freedom to the world afford. 
 And nations blcfs the Labours of his fword. 
 
 Thus when the forming Mufe wou'd copy forth 
 A perfed Pattern ofHeroick worth, 
 She fets a Man Triumphant in the field. 
 O'er Giants cloven down, and Monfters kill'd. 
 Reeking in blood, and fmeer'd with duft and fweat^ 
 Whilft Angry Gods confpire to make him Great. 
 
 Thy Navy rides on Seas before unpreft. 
 And ftrikes a terror through the Haughty £^/ ; 
 Algiers and Turns from their fultry fhore 
 With horror hear the Brtt'ijh engines roar, 
 Fain from the neighb'ring dangers wou'd they run. 
 And wifh themfelves ftill nearer to the Sun. 
 The Gall'ick Ships are in their Ports confin'd, 
 Deny'd the common ufe of Sea and Wind, 
 Nor dare again the Brittflo Strength engage ; 
 Still they remember that Deftrudive rage 
 W^hich lately made their trembling hoft retire, 
 Stunn'd with the noife, and wrapt in Smoke and Fire ;. 
 The Waves with wide unnumber'd wrecks were ftrow'd,, 
 And Planks, and Arms, and Men, promifcuous flow'd. 
 
 Spam's numerous Fleet that periflit on our coaft, 
 Cou'd fcarce a longer Line of battel boaft. 
 
 The 
 
Poems on fe'veral Occasions. 13 
 
 The Winds cou'd hardly drive 'em to their Fate, 
 And all the Ocean labour'd with the weight. 
 
 Where-e'er the Waves in reftlels errors rowie. 
 The Sea lies open now to either Pole : 
 Now may we fafely ufe the Northern gales, 
 And in the Polar Circle fpread our fails; 
 Or deep in Southern climes, Secure from wars. 
 New Lands explore, and fail by Other (lars j 
 Fetch Uncontroll'd each labour of the Sun, 
 And make the product of the World our own. 
 
 At length. Proud Prince, Ambitious Lew'is^ ceafe 
 To plague mankind, and trouble Europe's peace ; 
 Think on the Stru^ures which thy Pride has rafe'd. 
 On Towns unpeopled, and on Fields laid wade ,• 
 Think on the heaps of corps, and dreams of blood,. 
 On every guilty plain, and purple flood. 
 Thy Arms have made, and ceafe an impious War, 
 Nor wafte the Lives entrufted to thy Care. 
 Or if no Milder thought can calm thy mind. 
 Behold the great Avenger of mankind. 
 See mighty NASSAU through the Battel ride,, 
 And fee thy fubjed:s gafping by his fide : 
 Fain wou'd the pious Prince refule th' Alarm, 
 Fain wou'd he check the Fury of his Arm j 
 But when thy Cruelties his thoughts engage. 
 The Hero kindles with becoming rage, 
 Then Countries ftoln, and Captives unreftor'd, 
 Give Strength to every blow, and edge his Sword.. 
 Behold with what refiftlefs force he falls 
 On towns befieg'd, and thunders at thy walls ! 
 
 Ask 
 
14 PoExMs on fe-z)eral Occasions. 
 
 Ask Villeroyy for y'tllefoy beheld 
 The Town furrender'd, and the Treaty feal'd ,- 
 With what amazing ftrength the Forts were won, 
 Whilft the whole Pow'r of France flood looking on. 
 
 But flop not here : behold where Berkley (lands. 
 And executes his injur'd King's commands ,• 
 Around thy coaft his burfting Bombs he pours 
 On flaming Cittadels, and falling Tow'rs ^ 
 With hizzing ftreams of fire the air they ilreak. 
 And hurl deftrudion round 'em where they break j 
 The Skies with long afcending Flames are bright. 
 And all the Sea reflects a quivering light. 
 
 Thus JEtna^ when in fierce Eruptions broke, 
 Fills Heav'n with Aflies, and the Earth with Smoke,- 
 Here Crags of broken Rocks are twirl'd on high. 
 Here molten Stones and fcatter'd Cinders fly : 
 Its fury reaches tiie remotefl: coafl:. 
 And fl:rows the Afiatick fliore with Duft. 
 
 Now does the Sailor from the neighbouring Main 
 Look after Gallick Towns and Forts in vain j 
 No more his wonted Marks he can defcry, 
 But fees a long unmeafiir'd Ruine lie ,• 
 Whilfl:, pointing to the Naked coafl:, he. fliows 
 His wond'ring Mates where Towns and Steeples role. 
 Where crowded Citizens he lately view'd, 
 And fingles out the place where once St. Makes fl:ood. 
 
 Here Ruffel's Adlions fhould my Mufe require; 
 And wou'd my flirength but fecond my defire, 
 I'd all his boundlefs Bravery rehearfe. 
 And draw his Cannons thund'ring in my verfe : 
 
 High 
 
Poems on federal Occasions. 15 
 
 High on the deck fhou'd the great Leader (land, 
 Wrath in his Look, and Lightning in his Hand j 
 Like Homers HeBor when he flung his Fire 
 Amidft a thoufand Ships, and made all Greece retire. 
 
 But who can run the Br'it'tjlo Triumphs o'er, 
 And count the Flames difperft on ev'ry Shore i 
 Who can defcribe the fcatter'd Victory, 
 And draw the Reader on from Sea to Sea? 
 Elfe who cou'd Ormond's God-like A«5ts refufe, 
 Ormond the theme of ev'ry Oxford Mufe ? 
 Fain wou'd I here his mighty Worth proclaim, 
 Attend him in the noble chafe of fame, 
 Through all the Noife and Hurry of the Fight, 
 Obfcrve each blow, and keep him ftill in fight. 
 Oh, did our Briti/Jj Peers thus court Renown, 
 And grace the Coats their great Fore-fathers won! 
 Our arms wou'd then triumphantly advance. 
 Nor Henr'y be the Lail that conquer'd France, 
 What might not England hope, if fuch abroad 
 Purchas'd their country's honour with their Blood: 
 When fuch, detain'd at home, fupport our State 
 In WILLIAM'S (lead, and bear a Kingdom's weight, 
 The Schemes of Gallick Policy o'erthrow. 
 And blaft the Counfels of the common Foe ,• 
 Dired: our Armies, and diftribute Right, 
 And render our MARl As Lofs more light. 
 
 But ftop, my Mufe, th' ungrateful found forbear, 
 MARIA'S name ftill wounds each Br'itiJJj Ear: 
 Each Briujlj Heait MARL4 ftill does wound, 
 And Tears burft out unbidden at the found ^ 
 
 4 MARIA 
 
i6 Poems on feveral Occasions, 
 
 MAR I A ftill our rifing Mirth deftroys, 
 Darkens our Triumphs, and forbids our Joys. 
 
 But fee, at length, the Brhijjj Ships appear! 
 Our NASSAU comes! and as his Fleet draws near. 
 The rifing Mafts advance, the Sails grow white. 
 And all his Pompous Navy floats in fight. 
 Come, mighty Prince, defir'd of Brka'my come! 
 May Heav'n's propitious gales attend thee home ! 
 Come, and let longing crowds behold that Look, 
 Which fuch Confufion and Amazement ftrook 
 Through Gallkk hofts: But, oh! let Us defcry 
 !Mirth in thy Brow, and Pleafure in thy Eye j 
 Let nothing Dreadful in thy face be found ; 
 But for a-while forget the Trumpet's found ; 
 Well-pleas'd, thy People's Loyalty approve. 
 Accept their Duty, and enjoy their Love. 
 For as when lately mov'd with fierce delight. 
 You plung'd amidft the Tumult of the fight. 
 Whole heaps of Death encompafs'd you around. 
 And Steeds o'er-turn'd lay foaming on the ground : 
 So Crown'd with Laurels now, where-e'er you go. 
 Around you blooming Joys, and peaceful Bleflings flow. 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions. \j 
 
 i- 
 
 ATranJlation of ^// VirgilV Fourth Georgick^ 
 except the Story o/Arist-^us. 
 
 ET H E R I A L fweets fliall next my Mufe engage. 
 And this, Macenas^ claims your patronage. 
 Of little creatures wondrous a(5ts I treat. 
 The ranks and mighty leaders of their date, 
 Their laws, employments, and their wars relate. 
 A trifling theme provokes my humble lays. 
 Trifling the theme, not fb the Poet's praife, 
 If great Apollo and the tuneful Nine 
 Join in the piece, to make the work divine. 
 
 Fird, for your Bees a proper (lation find. 
 That's fenc'd about, and fhelter'd from the wind ; 
 For winds divert them in their flight, and drive 
 The fwarms, when loaden homeward, from their hive. 
 Nor flieep, nor goats, muft pafture near their ftorts. 
 To trample under foot the fpringing flowers; 
 Nor frisking heifers bound about the place. 
 To fpurn the dew-drops off, and bruife the rifing grafs: 
 Nor muft the Lizard's painted brood appear. 
 Nor Wood-pecks, nor the Swallow harbour near. 
 They wafte the fwarms, and as they fly along 
 Convey the tender moriels to their young. 
 
 Vol. I. D ' Let 
 
i8 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 Let purling ftreams, and fountains edg'd with mofs, 
 And Oiallow rills run trickling through the grafs j 
 Let branching Olives o'er the fountain grow, 
 Or Palms ihoot up, and fhade the dreams below j 
 That when the youth, led by their princes, Hiuq 
 The crowded hive, and /port it in the fun, 
 Refrefliing fprings may tempt 'em from the heat. 
 And {hady coverts yield a cool retreat. 
 
 Whether the neighbouring water ftands or runs, 
 Lay twigs acrofs, and bridge it o'er with ftones ; 
 That if rough ftorms, or fudden blafts of wind 
 Should dip, or fcatter thofe that lag behind. 
 Here they may fettle on the friendly ftone. 
 And dry their reeking pinions at the fun. 
 Plant all the flowry banks with Lavender, 
 With ftore of Sav'ry fcent the fragrant air, 
 Let running Betony the field o'erfpread,, 
 And fountains foak the Violet's dewy bed. 
 
 Tho' barks or plaited willows make your hive, 
 A narrow inlet to their cells contrive y 
 For colds congele and freeze the Hquors up, 
 And, melted down with heat, the waxen buildings drop. 
 The Bees, of both extremes alike afraid. 
 Their wax around the whiftling crannies fpread. 
 And fuck out clammy dews from herbs and flow'rs, 
 To fmear the chinks, and plaifter up the pores : 
 For this they hoard up glcw, whofe clinging drops, 
 Like pitch, or birdlime, hang in ftringy ropes. 
 They oft, 'tis faid, in dark retirements dwell,. 
 And work in fubterraneous caves their cell j 
 
 At 
 
Poems on fevera/ Occasions, 19 
 
 At other times th'induflrious infeds live 
 I n hollow rocks, or make a tree their hive. 
 
 Point all their chinky lodgings round with mud, 
 And leaves muft thinly on vour work be ftrow'd ; 
 But let no baleful eugh-tree Houriili near, ^ 
 
 Nor rotten marHies fend out fleams of mire j > 
 
 Nor burning crabs grow red, and crackle in the fire. j 
 
 Nor neighb'ring caves rerurn the dying (bund. 
 Nor echoing rocks the doubled voice rebound. 
 
 Things thus prepar'd 
 
 When th' under-world is (eiz'd with cold and night. 
 
 And fummer here defcends in ftreams of light. 
 
 The Bees thro' woods and forefts take their flight. 
 
 They rifle ev'ry flow'r, and lightly skim 
 
 Thechryfl:al brook, and fip the running fl:ream ; 
 
 And thus they feed their young with ftrange delight, 
 
 And knead the yielding wax, and work the flimy fweet. 
 
 But when on high you fee the Bees repair, 
 
 Born on the winds thro' diftant trails of air, 
 
 And view the winged cloud all blackning from afar; 
 
 While fliady coverts, and frefli fl:reams they chufe, 
 
 Milfoil and common Honey-fuckles bruiife, 
 
 And fprinkic on their hives the fragrant juice. 
 
 On brazen veflels beat a tinkling found. 
 
 And fhake the cymbals of the goddefs round ; 
 
 Then all will haftiily retreat, and fill 
 
 The warm refounding hollow of their cell. 
 
 If once two rival kings their right debate, 
 And fadions and cabals embroil the flatc, 
 
 D t The 
 
20 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 The people's ad:ions will their thoughts declare ; 
 All their hearts tremble, and beat thick with war; 
 Hoarfe broken founds, like trumpets harfh alarms, 
 Run thro' the hive, and call 'em to their arms; 
 All in a hurry fpread their (hiv'ring wings, 
 And fit their claws, and point their angry flings : 
 In crowds before the king's pavilion meet. 
 And boldly challenge out the foe to fight : 
 At laft, when all the heav'ns are warm and fair. 
 They rufh together out, and join ; the air 
 Swarms thick, and echo's with the humming war. 
 All in a firm round clufter mix, and ftrow 
 With heaps of little corps the earth below,- 
 As thick as hail-flones from the floor rebound, 
 Or (haken acorns rattle on the ground. 
 No fenfe of danger can their kings controul. 
 Their little bodies lodge a mighty foul: 
 Each obftinate in arms purfues his blow, 
 'Till (hameful flight (ecures the routed foe. 
 This hot difpute and all this mighty fray 
 A little dufl: flung upward will allay. 
 
 But when both kings are fettled in their hive, 
 Mark him who looks the word, and left he live 
 Idle at home in cafe and luxury. 
 The lazy monarch muft be doom'd to diej 
 So let the royal infed rule alone. 
 And reign without a rival in his throne. 
 
 The kings are different ; one of better note 
 All fpeckt with gold, and many a fliining fpot. 
 Looks gay, arid gliftens in a gilded coat 5 
 
 Bu£ 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions. 21 
 
 But love of eafe, and floth ia one prevails, 
 That fcarce his hanging paunch behind him trails : 
 The people's looks are different as their king's, 
 Some fparkle bright, and glitter in their wings : 
 Others look loathfom and difeas'd with floth, 
 Like a faint traveller whofe dufty mouth 
 Grows dry with heat, and (pits a maukifh froth. 
 
 The firft are befl: 
 
 From their o'erflowing combs, you'll often prefs 
 
 Pure lufcious fweets, that mingling in the gla(s 
 
 Corred; the harjfhnefs of the racy juice, 
 
 And a rich flavour through the wine diffufe. 
 
 But when they fport abroad, and rove from home, 
 
 And leave the cooling hive, and quit th'unfinifli'd comb; 
 
 Their airy ramblings are with eafe confin d, 
 
 Clip their king's wings, and if they fl:ay behind 
 
 No bold ufurper dares invade their right, 
 
 Nor found a march, nor give the fign for flight. 
 
 Let flow'ry banks entice 'em to their cells, 
 
 And gardens all perfum'd with native (mells j 
 
 Where carv'd Prtapus has his fix'd abode. 
 
 The robber's terror, and the fcare-crow god. 
 
 Wild Tyme and Pine-trees from their barren hill 
 
 Tranfplant, and nurfe 'em in the neigbouring foil. 
 
 Set fruit-trees round, nor e'er indulge thy floth. 
 
 But water 'cm, and uige their fliady growrh. 
 
 And here, perhaps, were not 1 givina o'er, 
 And fl:riking fail, and making to the fliore, 
 I'd fliew what art the Gardner's toils require. 
 Why rofy Fajium bluflies twice a year j 
 
 What 
 
22 Poems on fe-veral Occasions. 
 
 What (lieams the verdant Succory fupply, 
 
 And how the thirfty plant drinks rivers dry ; 
 
 What with a chearful green does Parfley grace, 
 
 And writhes the bellying Cucumber along the twifted grafs ; 
 
 Nor wou'd I pafs the foft Acanthus o'er. 
 
 Ivy nor Myrtle-trees that love the (horej 
 
 Nor DafFadils, that late from earth's flow womb 
 
 Unrumple their fwoln buds, and fliow their yellow bloom. 
 
 For once I faw in the TarenUne vale, 
 Where flow Galefus drencht the wafliy foil. 
 An old Gorman yeoman, who had got 
 A few negleded acres to his lot. 
 Where neither corn nor pafture grac'd the field. 
 Nor wou'd the Vine her purple harvefl: yield j 
 But fav'ry herbs among the thorns were found,* 
 Vervain and Poppy-flowers his garden crown'd, 
 And drooping Lilies whiten'd all the ground. 
 Bled with thefe riches he cou'd empires flight. 
 And when he refl:ed from his toils at night. 
 The earth unpurchas'd dainties wou'd afford, 
 And his own garden furnifli out his board : 
 The fpring did firft his opening rofes blow, 
 Firfl: ripening autumn bent his fruitful bough. 
 When piercing colds had burft the brittle flrone. 
 And freezing rivers ftiffen'd as they run, 
 He then wou'd prune the tender'fl: of his trees, 
 Chide the late fpring, and lingring weftern breeze : 
 His Bees firfl: fwarm'd, and made his veflels foam 
 With the rich fqueezing of the juicy comb. 
 
 Here 
 
'Po:ems on feveral Occasions, aj 
 
 Here Lindons and the fappy Pine increas'd ,• 
 
 H-ie, when gay flow'rs his fmiling orchard dreft, 
 
 As many blofloms as the fpring cou'd (how, 
 
 So many dangUng apples mellow'd on the bought 
 
 In rows his elms and knotty pear-trees bloom, 
 
 And thorns ennobled now to bear a plumb, 
 
 And fpreading plane-trees, where fupinely laid 
 
 He now enjoys the cool, and quaffs beneath the fliade. 
 
 But thefe for want of room I muft omit. 
 
 And leave for future Poets to recite. 
 
 Now I'll proceed their natures to declare, 
 Which Jove himfelf did on the Bees confer j 
 Becaufe, invited by the timbrel's found, 
 Lodg'd in a cave, th' almighty babe they found. 
 And the young god nurft kindly under ground. 
 
 Of all the wing'd inhabitants of air, 
 Thefe only make their young the publick care ; 
 In well-difpos'd focieties they live. 
 And laws and ftatutcs regulate their hive ,• 
 Nor ftray, like others, unconfin'd abroad. 
 But know fet ftations, and a fix d abode : 
 Each provident of cold in fummer flies 
 Thro' fields, and woods, to feek for new fuppHes, 
 And in the common ftock unla-'es his thighs. 
 Some watch the food, ibme in the meadows ply, 
 Tafte ev'ry bud, and fuck each bloffom dry ; 
 Whilft others, lab'ring in their cells at home. 
 Temper Narc'ijfm^ clammy tears with gum, 
 For the firft ground-work of the golden comb; 
 
 On 
 
24 Poems on fever al OccAsioiijs, 
 
 On this they found their waxen works, and raife 
 
 The yellow fabrick on its glewy bafe. 
 
 Some educate the young, or hatch the feed 
 
 With vital warmth, and future nations breed; 
 
 Whilft others thicken all the (limy dews, 
 
 And into pureft honey work the juice j 
 
 Then fill the hollows of the comb, and fwell 
 
 With lufcious Nedar ev'ry flowing cell. 
 
 By turns they watch, by turns with curious eyes 
 
 Survey the heav'ns, and fearch the clouded skies 
 
 To find out breeding ftorms, and tell what tempefts rife. 
 
 By turns they eafe the loaden fwarms, or drive 
 
 The drone, a lazy infedt, from their hive. 
 
 The work is warmly ply'd through all the cells. 
 
 And ftrong with Tyme the new-made honey fmells. 
 
 So in their caves the brawny Cyclops fweat. 
 When with huge ftrokes the ftubborn wedge they beat, 
 And all th'unfliapen thunder-bolt compleatj 
 Alternately their hammers rife and fall,- 
 Whilft griping tongs tarn round the glowing ball. 
 With puffing bellows fome the flames increale-. 
 And fome in waters dip the hifTing mafsj 
 Their beaten anvils dreadfully refound, 
 And j^tna fhakes all o'er, and thunders under ground. 
 
 Thus, if great things we may with fmall compare. 
 The bufie fwarms their different labours fhare. 
 Defire of profit urges all degrees j 
 The aged infeds, by experience wife. 
 Attend the comb, and fafhion ev'ry part. 
 And fhape the waxen fret-work out with art ; 
 
 The 
 
{ 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions, 
 
 The young at night returning from their toils, 
 
 Bring home their thighs clog'd with the meadows fpoils. 
 
 On Lavender, and Saffron buds they feed. 
 
 On bending Ofiers, and the balmy Reed, 
 
 From purple Violets and the Teile they bring 
 
 Their gather'd fweets, and rifle all the fpring. 
 
 All work together, all together reft, 
 The morning ftill renews their labours paft ; 
 Then all rufli out, their different tasks purluc. 
 Sit on the bloom, and fuck the rip'ning dew,- 
 Again when evening warns 'em to their home, 
 With weary wings, and heavy thighs they come. 
 And crowd about the chink, and mix a drowfie hum. 
 Into their cells at length they gently creep, 
 There all tlie night their peaceful ftation keep. 
 Wrapt up in filence, and diffolv'd in fleep. 
 None range abroad when winds or ftorms are nigh. 
 Nor truft their bodies to a faithlefs sky, 
 But make fmall journeys, with a careful wing, 
 And fly to water at a neighbouring fpring ; 
 And left their airy bodies fliould be caft 
 In reftlcfs whirls, the fport of ev'ry blaft, 
 They carry ftones to poifc 'em in their flight. 
 As ballaft keeps th'unfteady vcffel right. 
 
 But of all cuftoms that the Bees can boaft, 
 'Tis this may challenge admiration moft,- 
 That none will Hymen's Ibiccr joys approve. 
 Nor wafte their fpirits in luxurious love. 
 But all a long virginity maintain^ 
 And bring forth young without a mother's pain : 
 
 Vol. I. E From 
 
ii6 Poems on fe-veral OccAsioi^s, 
 
 From herbs and flowers they pick each tender Bee, 
 And cull from plants a buzzing progeny,- 
 From thefe they chufe out fubjet^s, and create 
 A little monarch of the rifins ftate: 
 Then build wax-kingdoms for the infant prince, 
 And form a palace for his refidence* 
 
 But often in their journeys, as they fly, 
 On flints they tear their (ilken wings, or lye 
 Grov'ling beneath their flow'ry load, and die. 
 Thus love of honey can an infed: fire. 
 And in a Fly fuch generous thoughts infpire. 
 Yet by repeopling their decaying ftate, 
 Tho' fevcn (hort fprings conclude their vital date. 
 Their ancient ftocks eternally remain. 
 And in an endleis race the childrens children reigtr. 
 
 No proftrate valfal of the Eaft can more 
 With flavilhi fear his haughty prince adore j 
 His life unites 'em all ; but when he dies. 
 All in loud tumults and diftradlions rife ; 
 They wafte their honey, and their combs deface. 
 And wild confufion reigns in every place. 
 Him all admire, all the great guardian own, 
 And croud about his courts, and buzz about his throne. 
 Oft on their backs their weary prince they bear. 
 Oft in his caufe embattled in the air, 
 Pur/ue a glorious death, in wounds and war. 
 
 Some from fuch inftancps as thefe have taught 
 
 The Bees extrad: is hcav'nly ,• for they thought 
 
 The univerfe alive ^ and that a foul, 
 " Diffus'd throughout the matter of the whole> 
 
 (C 
 
 tc 
 
 « 
 
 To 
 

 Poems on fe'veral Occasions. 27 
 
 " To all the vaft unbounded frame was giv'n, 
 
 " And ran through earth, and air, and fea, and all the deep 
 
 of heav'n j 
 *' That this firft kindled life in man and beaft, 
 
 Life that again flows into this at iaft. 
 
 That no compounded animal could die, 
 
 But when difTolv'd, the fpirit mounted high, 
 " Dwelt in a ftar, and fettled in the sky. 
 
 When-e'er their balmy fweets you mean to feize. 
 And t.ike the liquid labours of the Bees, 
 Spurt draughts of water from your mouth, and drive 
 A loathfom cloud of fmoak amidft: their hiye. 
 
 Twice in- the year their flow'ry toils begin. 
 And twice they fetch their dewy harveftin; 
 Once when the lovely Pleiades arife, ^ 
 
 And add frefli luftre to the fummer skies ,• 
 And once when haft'ning from the watry fign 
 They quit their ftation, and forbear to (bine. 
 
 The Bees are prone to rage, and often found 
 To perifli for revenge, and die upon the wound. 
 Their venom'd fting produces aking pains. 
 And fwclls the flefli, and flioots among the veins. 
 
 When firft a cold hard winter's ftorms arrive. 
 And threaten death or famine to their hive. 
 If now their finking ftate and low affairs 
 Can move your pity, and provoke your cares, 
 Frelb burning Tyme before their cells convey. 
 And cut their dry and husky wax away ,• 
 For often Lizards leize the lulcious fpoils, 
 Or Drones that riot on another's toils : 
 
 El Oft 
 
28 Poems on fever al Occasions. 
 
 Oft broods of Moths infeft the hungry fwarms, 
 And oft the furious Wafp their hive alarms 
 With louder hums, and with unequal arms ; 
 Or elfe the Spider at their entrance fets 
 Her fnares, and fpins her bowels into nets. 
 
 When ficknefs reigns (for they as well as we 
 Feel all th'effedts of frail mortality) 
 By certain marks the new difeafe is feen. 
 Their colour changes, and their looks are thin ; 
 Their funeral rites are form'd, and ev'ry Bee 
 With grief attends the fad folemnity y 
 The few difeas'd furvivors hang before 
 Their fickly cells, and droop about the door. 
 Or flowly in their hives their limbs unfold. 
 Shrunk up with hunger, and benumb'd with coldj 
 In drawHng hums, the feeble infects grieve. 
 And doleful buzzes echo thro' the hive. 
 Like winds that foftly murmur thro' the trees, 
 Like flames pent up, or like retiring feas. 
 Now lay frefli honey near their empty rooms. 
 In troughs of hollow reeds, whilft frying gums 
 Caft round a fragrant mift of fpicy fumes. 
 Thus kindly tempt the famifh'd fwarm to cat. 
 And gently reconcile 'em to their meat. 
 Mix juice of Galls, and Wine, that grow in time 
 Condens'd by fire, and thicken to a flime^ 
 To thefe dry'd Rofes, Tyme and Gentry join. 
 And Raifms ripen'd on the- Pfyth'tan vine. 
 
 Befides there grows a flow'r in marfhy ground, 
 Its name Amellusy eafy to be found j 
 
Poems ^/^y^'i'^r^/ Occasions. 29 
 
 A mighty fpring works in its root, and cleaves 
 
 The jfprouting ftalk, and {hews it felf in leaves: 
 
 The flow'r it felf is of a golden hue, 
 
 The leaves inclining to a darker blue; 
 
 The leaves (hoot thick about the flow'r, and grow 
 
 Into a bu(h, and fliade the turf below: 
 
 The plant in holy garlands often twines 
 
 The altars' pofts, and beautifies the (lirincs j 
 
 Its tafte is fharp, in vales new-fliorn it grows. 
 
 Where Mella's dream in watry mazes flows. 
 
 Take plenty of its roots, and boil 'em well 
 
 In wine, and heap 'em up before the cell. 
 
 But if the whole ftock fail, and none furvive j 
 To raife new people, and recruit the hive, 
 ril here the great experiment declare. 
 That fpread th' Arcadian fliepherd's name fo far. 
 How Bees from blood of flaughter'd Bulls have fled, 
 And fwarms amidfl: the red corruption bred. 
 
 For where th' Egyptians yearly fee their bounds 
 Refrefh'd with floods, and fail about their grounds, 
 Where Perfia borders, and the rolling Nile 
 Drives fwiftly down the fwarthy Indians foil, 
 'Till into feven it multiplies its ftream, 
 And fattens Egypt with a fruitful flime: 
 In this laft prad:ice all their hope remains, 
 And long experience juft:ifies their pains. 
 
 Firfl: then a clofe contrnded fpace of ground, 
 With fl:reightcn'd walls and low-built roof they found j 
 
 narrow fliclving light is next aflfign'd 
 To all the quarters, one to every wind j 
 
 Through 
 
30 Poems on fe-veral Occasions. 
 
 Through thefe the glancing rays obliquely pierce: 
 Hither they lead a Bull that's young and fierce, 
 When two-years growth of horn he proudly (hows, 
 And (hakes the comely terrours of his brows : 
 His nofe and mouth, the avenues of breath. 
 They muzzle up, and beat his limbs to death j 
 With violence to life and ftifling pain 
 He flings and fpurns, and tries to fnort in vain. 
 Loud heavy mows fiiU thick on ev'ry fide, 
 'Till his bruis d bowels burft within the hide. 
 When dead, they leave him rotting on the ground. 
 With branches, Tyme, and Cafia, ftrow'd around. 
 All this is done when firft the weftern breeze 
 Becalms the year, and fmooths the troubled ieas ^ 
 Before the chattering Swallow builds her neft, 
 Or fields in fpring's embroidery are dreft. 
 Mean-while the tainted juice ferments within. 
 And quickens as it works : And now are feen 
 A wond'rous fwarm, that o'er the carcafs crawls. 
 Of {hapclefs, rude, unfini(h'd animals. 
 No legs at firft the infed's weight fliftain, 
 At length it moves its new-made limbs with pain ,• 
 Now ftrikes the air with quiv'ring wings, and tries 
 To lift its body up, and learns to rife ,• 
 Now bending thighs and gilded wings it wears 
 Full grown, and all the Bee at length appears,- 
 From every fide the fruitful carcafs pours 
 Its fwarming brood, as thick as fummer-fhow'rs, 
 Or flights of arrows from the Parthian bows. 
 When twanging firings firft fhoot 'em on the foes. 
 
 J Thus 
 
Po E M s <??^ feveral Occasions. 31 
 
 Thus have I fung the nature of the Bee j 
 While Cafar, tow'ring to divinity, 
 The frighted Indians with his thunder aw'd, 
 And claim'd their homage, and commenc'd a God ; 
 I flouriflVd all the while in arts of peace, 
 Retir'd and (helter'd in inglorious eafe: 
 I who before the fongs of Hiepherds made, 
 When gay and young my rural lays I play'd, 
 And fet my Ttt^rus beneath his fhade. 
 
 A Song. For St. CeciliaV Day at Oxford. 
 
 CECILIA, whofe exalted hymns 
 With joy and wonder fill the Bleft, 
 In choirs of warblmg Seraphims 
 
 Known and diftinguifh'd from the reft, 
 Attend, harmonious Saint, and fee 
 Thy vocal fons of Harmony ; 
 Attend, harmonious Saint, and hear our pray'rs j 
 
 Enliven all our earthly airs. 
 And, as thou fmg'ft thy God, teach us to fing of thee : 
 Tune ev'ry ftring and ev'ry tongue, 
 Be thou the Mufe and Subjed of our long, 
 
 II. 
 Let all Cecilia's praife proclaim. 
 Employ the Echo in her name. 
 
 Haik 
 
32 ToEMs on fevcra! Oc CASIO ijs. 
 
 Hark how the Flutes and Trumpets raife, 
 At bright Cecilia's name, their lays; 
 The Organ labours in her praife. 
 Cecilia's name does all our numbers grace. 
 From ev'ry voice the tuneful accents fly. 
 In foaring Trebles now it rifes high, 
 And now it finks, and dwells upon the Bafe. 
 Cecilia's name through all the notes we fing, 
 The work of ev'ry skilful tongue, 
 
 The found of ev'ry trembling ftring, 
 The found and triumph of our fong. 
 
 III. 
 For ever confecrate the day, 
 To Mufick and Cecilia ; 
 Mufick, the greateft good that mortals know. 
 And all of heav'n we have below. 
 Mufick can noble hints impart. 
 Engender fury, kindle love j 
 With unfiifpedled eloquence can move. 
 And manage all the man with fecret art. 
 When Orpheus ftrikes the trembling Lyre, 
 The dreams (land ftill, the ftones admire,- 
 The lift'ning favages advance. 
 
 The Wolf and Lamb around him trip. 
 The Bears in aukward meafures leap, 
 And Tigers mingle in the dance. ^ 
 The moving woods attended as he play'd, 
 And Rhodope was left without a fliade. 
 
 IV. 
 Mufick religious heats infjDires, , 
 
 It wakes the foul, and lifts it high, 
 
 5 
 
 And 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions, 95 
 
 And wings it with fublime defires, 
 
 And fits it to befpeak the Deity. 
 Th' Almighty liftens to a tuneful tongue^ 
 And feems well-pleas'd and courted with a fong.' 
 Soft moving founds and heav'niy airs 
 Give force to ev'ry word, and recommend our pray'rs. 
 
 When time itfelf fliall be no more. 
 
 And all things in confufion hurl'd, 
 
 Mufick fhall then exert its pow'r. 
 And found furvive the ruines of the world ; 
 
 Then Saints and Angels (hall agree 
 
 In one eternal jubilee : 
 All heav'n {hall echo with their hymns divine 
 
 And God himfelf with pleafure fee 
 The whole creation in a chorus join, 
 
 CHORUS. 
 
 Confecrate the place and day, 
 
 To Mufick and Cecilia, 
 
 Let no rough winds approach, nor dare 
 
 Invade the hallow'd bounds, 
 Nor rudely (hake the tuneful air. 
 
 Nor fpoil the fleeting founds. 
 Nor mournful figh nor groan be heard. 
 
 But gladnefs dwell on ev'ry tongue ; 
 Whilft all, with voice and firings prepar'd. 
 
 Keep up the loud harmonious itbng, 
 And imitate the Bleft above. 
 In joy, and harmony, and love, 
 
 Vol. LP [f^ 
 
54 Poems on fi'veral Occasions, 
 
 An Account of the Greatefl Englifli Poets. 
 To Mr. H. B' Aj^ril I, 169^- 
 
 SINCE, dearefi Harry, you will needs requefi 
 A Jhort account of all the Mufe-pojfefi^ 
 That, down from ChaucerV da'ys to Dryden'^ times, 
 Have fpent their noble rage in Britifli rhimes j 
 Without more preface, writ in formal length. 
 To fpeak the undertaker's want of flrength, 
 I'll try to make their fev'ral beauftes known. 
 And Jhow their verfes worth, tho* not my own. 
 
 Long had our dull fore-fathers flept lupine. 
 Nor felt the raptures of the tuneful Ninej 
 'Till Chaucer firft, a merry Bard, arofe. 
 And many a ftory told in rhime, and pro{e. 
 But age has rufted what the Poet writ. 
 Worn out his language, and obfcur'd his wit : 
 In vain he jefts in his unpoli(h'd ftrain. 
 And tries to make his readers laugh in vain; 
 
 Old Spenfer next, warm'd with poetick rage. 
 In ancient tales amus'd a barb'rous age j 
 An age that yet uncultivate and rude, 
 Where-e'er the poet's fancy led, purfu'd 
 
 Thro' 
 
Poems on feveral Occasioj^s, 35 
 
 Thro' pathlefs fields, and unfrequented floods. 
 To dens of dragons, and enchanted woods. 
 But now the myftick tale, that pleas'd of yore, 
 Can charm an underftanding age no more ; 
 The long-fpun allegories fulfom grow. 
 While the dull moral lyes too plain below. 
 We view well-pleas'd at diftance all the fights 
 Of arms and palfries, battels, fields and fights. 
 And damfels in diftrefs, and courteous knights. 
 But when we look too near, the fhades decay. 
 And all the pleafing landfchape fades away. 
 
 Great Cowley then (a mighty genius) wrote, 
 O'er-run with wit, and lavifli of his thought : 
 His turns too clofely on the reader prefs : 
 He more had pleas'd us, had he pleas'd us lefs. 
 One glittering thought no fooner ftrikes our eyes 
 With filent wonder, but new wonders rife. 
 As in the milky-way a ihining white 
 O'er-flows the heav'ns with one continu'd light ; 
 That not a fingle ftar can fliew his rays, 
 Whilfl: jointly all promote the common blaze. 
 Pardon, great Poet, that I dare to name 
 Th'unnumber'd beauties of thy verfe with blame; 
 Thy fault is only wit in its excefs, 
 But wit like thine in any fliape will pleafe. 
 What Mufe but thine can equal hints infpire, 
 And fit the deep-mouth'd Pindar to thy lyre : 
 P'mdar, whom others in a labour'd .ftrain, 
 And forc'd exprefllon, imitate in vain ? 
 
 F 2 Well- 
 
w 
 
 36 Poems on fe-veral Occasions. 
 
 Well-pleas'd in thee he foars with new deHght, 
 
 And plays in more unbounded verfe, and takes a nobler flight. 
 
 Bled man! whofe fpotlefs life and charming lays 
 Employ'd the tuneful Prelate in thy praife : 
 Blefl: man! who now flialt be for ever known, 
 In Sprafs fuccefsful labours and thy own. 
 
 But Milton next, with high and haughty ftalks, 
 Unfetter'd in majeftick numbers walks,- 
 No vulgar heroe can his Mufe ingage; 
 Nor earth's wide fcene confine his hallow'd rage, 
 See ! fee, he upward fprings, and tow'ring high 
 Spurns the dull province of mortality, 
 Shakes heav'ns eternal throne with dire alarms. 
 And fets th' Almighty thunderer in arms. 
 What-e'er his pen defcribes I more than fee, 
 Whilft ev'ry verfe, array'd in majefty. 
 Bold, and liiblime, my whole attention draws, 
 And feems above the critick's nicer laws. 
 How are you ftruck with terror and delight, 
 When angel with arch-angel copes in fight ! 
 When great Meffiah's out-f]3read banner fhines. 
 How does the chariot rattle in his lines ! 
 What (bunds of brazen wheels, what thunder, fcare. 
 And ftun the reader with the din of war ! 
 With fear my fpirits and my blood retire. 
 To fee the Seraphs funk in clouds of fire ; 
 But when, with eager lies, from hence I rife. 
 And view the firft gay fcenes of Paradife j 
 Wha*- tongue, what words of rapture can exprefs 
 A vifion fo profufe of pleafantnefs. 
 
 Oh 
 
'^ 
 
 Poems 0f2 fevera/ Occasions'* 37 
 
 oh had the Poet ne'er profan'd his pen, 
 To vernifh o'er the guilt of faithlefs men ,• 
 His other works might have deferv'd applaufe! 
 But now the language can't fupport the caufe ; 
 While the clean current, tho' ferene and bright, 
 Betrays a bottom odious to the fight. 
 
 But now my Mufe a fofter ftrain reherfe. 
 Turn ev'ry line with art, and fmooth thy verfe ; 
 The courtly fValler next commands thy lays: 
 Mufe tune thy verfe, with art, to l'Valler''s praife. 
 While tender airs and lovely dames inlpire 
 Soft melting thoughts, and propagate defire; 
 So long fliall IVallefs ftrains our paffion move, 
 And Sachartffa's beauties kindle love. 
 Thy verfe, harmonious Bard, and flatt'ring fong, 
 Can make the vanquifli'd great, the coward ftrong. 
 Thy verfe can fhow ev'n Cromwell's innocence. 
 And complement the ftorms that bore him hence. 
 Oh had thy Mufe not come an age too foon. 
 But feen great Najfau on the Br'tt'tfh throne \ 
 How had his triumphs glittcr'd in thy page. 
 And warm'd thee to a more exalted ra^e! 
 What fcenes of death and horror had we view'd. 
 And how had Bo'tris wide current reek'd in blood! 
 Or if Maria's charms thou wou'dft rehearfe. 
 In fmoother numbers and a fofter verfe ; 
 Thy pen had well defcrib'd her graceful air, 
 And Glor'tana wou'd have feem'd more fair. 
 
 Nor mufl Rofcommon pafs negleded by^ 
 That makes ev'n Rules a noble poetry : 
 
 Rules 
 
38 Poems on fever al Occasions. 
 
 Rules whofe deep fenfe and heav'niy numbers ihow 
 The bed of criticks, and of poets too. 
 Nor, Denham, muft we e'er forget thy {trains, 
 While Cooper's Hill commands the neighb'ring plains. 
 
 But jfee where artful Drjden next appears 
 Grown old in rhimc, but charming ev'n in years. 
 Great Dryden next, whofe tuneful Mufe affords 
 The fweeteft numbers, and the fitted words. 
 Whether in Comick founds or Tragick airs 
 She forms her voice, (he moves bur fmiles or tears. 
 If Satire or heroick drains (lie writes. 
 Her Heroe pleafes, and her Satire bites. 
 From her no harfli unartful numbers fall. 
 She wears' all dreffes, and die charms in all. 
 How might we fear our Engl'tjlj Poetry, 
 That long has flouridi'd, diou'd decay with thee ; 
 Did not the Mufes other hope appear. 
 Harmonious Congreve, and forbid our fear : 
 Congreve / whofe fancy's unexhauded dore 
 Has given already much, and promis'd more. 
 Congreve diall dill preferve thy fame alive, 
 And Dr'yden's Mufe diall in his Friend furvive. 
 
 I'm tir'd with rhiming, and wou'd fain give o'er. 
 But judice dill demands one labour more : 
 The noble Montague remains unnam'd. 
 For wit, for humour, and for judgment fam'd j 
 To Dorfet he direds his artful Mufe, 
 In numbers fuch as Dorfefs felf might ufe. 
 How negligently graceful he unreins 
 His verfe, and writes in loofe familiar drains ; 
 
 6 How 
 
"Poems Oft feveral Occasions? 39 
 
 How Naffhf/s godlike ads adorn his lines. 
 
 And all the Heroe in full glory (hines. 
 
 We fee his army fet in juft array, 
 
 And Bom's dy'd waves run purple to the Tea. 
 
 Nor Simo'is choak'd with men, and arms, and blood ; 
 
 Nor rapid Xanthu.^ celebrated flood, 
 
 Shall longer be the Poet's higheft themes, 
 
 Tho' gods and heroes fought promifcuous in their ftreams. 
 
 But now, to Najfait's fecret councils rais'd. 
 
 He aids the Heroe, whom before he prais'd. 
 
 I've done at lenph ,• and now, dear Friend, fecetve^ 
 The lajl poor prefent that my Mufe can give, 
 I leave the arts of poetry and verfe 
 To them that praBife 'em with more fttccefs. 
 Of greater truths I'll now prepare to tell. 
 And fo at once^ dear Friend and Mufe^ farewell. 
 
 t^ 
 
40 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 LETTERA SCRITTA D' ITALIA 
 
 AL MOLTO ONORABILE 
 
 CARLO Conte HALIFAX 
 
 Dal Signer e Giuseppe Addison fAnno 
 M DCC I. In Verfi Ingle fu 
 
 E TRADOTTA IN VERSI TO SCAN I. * 
 
 Salve magna parens frugum Saturnla tellusi 
 Magna virtim I tibi res antiqua laudis et art is 
 jiggredior, fan6ios aufiis recludere fontes. 
 
 MENTRE, SignoYy T ombre 'villefche attraggonnji, 
 E di Britannia dagli Ufict tolto<vi 
 Non piu, ch' a fuoi ingrati Figli piaccia 
 Per lor vantaggio, "vojlro ozio immolate -, 
 Me in ejieri Regni il Fato inula 
 Entro genti feconde in carmi eterni, 
 V la dulcefiagiony e'l wago Clima 
 FannOf che wojlra quiete in werji to turhi, 
 
 ^ By the Abht Anton. Maria Salvini Greek Profefor at Florence." 
 
Poems o« y^wf^?/ Occasions. 41 
 
 LETTER from IT ALT, 
 
 To the Right Honourable 
 
 Charles Lord Halifax. 
 
 In the Year MDCCI. 
 
 Salve magna parens frugum Saturnia telluf. 
 
 Magna virilm ! tibi res antiqua laudis et artis 
 
 Aggredior^ fan6ios aufus recludcrt fontts. Virg. Geor, X| 
 
 WHILE you, my Lord, the rural (hades admire. 
 And from Brhanma's public pofts retire. 
 Nor longer, her ungrateful fons to pleafe, 
 For their advantage facrifice your eafej 
 Me into foreign realms my fate conveys. 
 Through nations fruitful of immortal lays. 
 Where the foft feafon and inviting clime 
 Conlpire to trouble your repofe with rhime. 
 
 Vol. L G For 
 
4»', Poems on federal Occasions,; 
 
 , O'vunque io giri i mkl rafiti lumi. 
 Scene aurecy liete, e chiare wijle inalzanji, 
 Attomianmi Poetiche Campagne, 
 Parml ognor di calcar clafftco fuolo ; 
 Si fo'vente iui Mufa accordo /" Arpa, 
 Che non cantata n'lun colle foYgcvi, 
 Celehre in 'verfi inji ogni pianta crefce^ 
 E in celejie armonia ciafcun rio corre. 
 
 Come mi giova a cercav poggi, e lofchi 
 Per chiare fontij e celehrati jiumiy 
 AJIa Hera njeder fera in fuo corjb 
 Tracciar Clitumno chiaro in fua forgente^ 
 Veder condur fua fchiera d' ac^ue il Mincio 
 Per lunghi giri di feconda ripa, 
 E d' Alhula canuta il guado infetto 
 Suo caldo letto di fumante folfo. 
 
 Di milk ejlaji accefo io fopraueggio 
 Correre il Po per praterie jiorite 
 De Fiumi Re, che fovra i pian fcwrendo^ 
 Le torreggianti Aipi in natia muraglia 
 Delia met a di lore umore afciuga : 
 Superho, e gonjio dell' hiherne nenji 
 L' abhondanza compart e ov egli corre. 
 
 Talor fmarrito dal drappel fonoro 
 I rii rimiro immortalati in canto, 
 Che giaccionji in Jilenzio, e ohblio perduti, 
 {Mutt i lor fonti fon, fecche lor <vene) 
 
 Vur, 
 
Poems on federal Occasions. 43 
 
 For wherefoe'er I turn my ravifh'd eyes. 
 Gay gilded fcenes and fhining profpeds rife, 
 Poetick fields encompals me around. 
 And flill I feem to tread on Claflic ground ; 
 For here the Mufe fo oft her Harp has ftrung, 
 That not a mountain rears its head unfung, 
 Renown'd in verfe each fliady thicket grows, 
 And ev'ry ftream in heavenly numbers flows. 
 
 How am I pleas'd to fcarch the hills and woods 
 For rifing fprings and celebrated floods! 
 To view the Nar^ tumultuous in his courfe. 
 And trace the fmooth Clttumnm to his fburce. 
 To fee the Mmc'to draw his watry ft ore 
 Trough the long windings of a fruitful fliore. 
 And hoary Albula'% infected tide 
 O'er the warm bed of fmoaking fulphur gUde, 
 
 Fir'd with a thoufand raptures I furvey 
 Rr'idanm through flowery meadows ftray. 
 The king of floods! that rolling o'er the plains 
 The towering Alps of half their moifture drains. 
 And proudly fwoln with a whole winter's fnows, 
 Diftributes wealth and plenty where he flows. 
 
 Sometimes, mifguided by the tuneful throng, 
 I look for ftreams immortaliz'd in fong, 
 That loft in filence and oblivion lye, 
 (Dumb are their fountains and their channels dry) 
 
 G z Yet 
 
44 Poems on fe'oeral Occasions. 
 
 "PuYy per fenno di Mufe, ei fon perenni. 
 Lor mormorio perenne in terji carmi, . 
 
 Talora al gentil Tehro to mi ritiro, 
 Le 'vote ripe del gran Fiume ammiroy 
 Che priuo di poter fuo corfo tragge 
 V una gretta urna, e Jierile forgente j 
 Pur fuona ei nelle locche de Poetiy 
 Sicche 7 miro al Danuhioy e al Nil far fcorno , 
 Cost Mufa immortale in alto il leva. 
 Tal' era il Boin po^vero, ignohil fiume^ 
 Che nelle Hiherne 'valli of euro erra'va, 
 E inoffernjato in fuoi giri fcher'za'va. 
 ^ando per Vbflri Verfi^ e per la Spada 
 Di Nafso, rinomatOy /' onde fue 
 "Legate in alto pel Mondo rifuonano 
 O'vunque dello Eroe le dinjin opre, 
 E o've andrd fama d' immortal 'verfo. 
 
 r 
 
 oh /' ejlatico mio petto infpiraffe 
 Mufa con un furor (imile al qjojfro ! 
 Infinite hellezze aa>ria 7 mio 'verfo, 
 Cederta di Virgilio a §uel /' Italia, 
 
 Mir a quali awe fehe attorno ridonmi^ 
 Che della tempejlofa di Britannia 
 Jfola St ne fchiuano la cojia, 
 O trapiantatey e con penfier guardate 
 Maledicon la fredda Regioney 
 E nell' aria del Norte illanguidifcorio. 
 Calor dolor il montante umor ne lieqjita 
 A nohil gufii, e piu efaltati odori. 
 
 Rozze 
 
Poems on feveral OccAsiot^s, 45 
 
 Yet run for-ever by the Mufe's skill, 
 
 And in the fmooth defcription murmur ftill. 
 
 Sometimes to gentle Tiller I retire. 
 And the fam'd river's Empty ftiores admire, 
 That deftitute of ftrength derives its courfe ' 
 From thrifty urns and an unfruitful fburce; 
 Yet iiing fo often in poetick lays, 
 With fcorn the Danube and the Nile fiirveysj 
 So high the deathlels Mufe exalts her theme! 
 Such was the Boiuj a poor inglorious ftream. 
 That in Hthern'tan vales obfcurely ftray'd. 
 And unobferv'd in wild Meanders play'd ,• 
 'Till by Your lines and Naffaih fword renown'd, 
 Its rifing billows through the world refound, 
 Where-e'er the Heroe's godlike a(5ts can pierce, 
 Or where the fame of an immortal verfe. 
 
 Oh cou'd the Mufe my raviOi'd bread infpire 
 With warmth like yours, and rai(e an equal fire, 
 Unnumber'd beauties in my verfe (hou'd fliine. 
 And Firgth Italy fhou'd yield to mine ! 
 
 Sec how the golden groves around me fmile. 
 That fhun the coaft of Britam's ftormy Ifle, 
 Or when tranfplanted and prcferv'd with care, 
 Curfe the cold clime, and ftarve in northern air. 
 Here kindly warmth their mounting juice ferments 
 To nobler taftes, and more exalted fcents : 
 
 6 . Ev'd 
 
46 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 Rozze ancoY ruft molle mirto menano 
 Ricco profmrto, pejle evhette olezzaw. 
 Portimi un Dio di Baia a t gentil Seggi, 
 O ne 'verdi rtt'tri d'Umbria traggami, 
 Ove t Ponenti eterna han rejideriza. 
 Tutte jlagioni lor pompa projondono, 
 Germogli, e frutti, e Jiori injieme allegano, 
 E in gaia confujion jla I' anno tutto. 
 
 _ Glorie mmortali in mia mente rivi'vono, 
 Comhatton net cuor mio hen milk aff'ettt, 
 Allorache di Roma /' efaltate 
 Bellezze giu giacerji io ne difcuoprOj 
 Magnifcenti in Moli di mine., 
 jy Anjiteatro una Jlupenda akezza 
 Di terror tni riempie, e di diletto, 
 Che Roma nefuoi puhhlici fpettacoli 
 Difpopola'vaj e Nazioni intere 
 Agiatamente in fuo gremho capia. 
 Pajfan'vi i Ciel Colonne a [pre d' intaglio, 
 Di Trionfo fuperhi, Archi l^ forgono, 
 U de prifchi Roman I' immortal' opre 
 Difpiegate alia 'vijla ognor rinfacciano \ 
 
 La qjile loro tralignata Jiirpe. 
 §ui tutti ifmmi lafcian giu lor piani. 
 Per aerei condotti in alto corrono. 
 
 Sempre a no'velle Scene mia 'vagante 
 Mufa SI Ji rttragge, e muta ammira 
 L' alto fpeltacol d'aniraate Rupi, 
 O've mojlro fcalpel tutta fua f'orzay 
 Ed in came addolci fcahrofo faffo. 
 In folenne Jilenzio, in maejlade 
 Eroi fiannofij e Dei, e Roman ConfoU : 
 
 TorvJ 
 
>.w 
 
 Poems ofi feveral OccAsioijs', 47 
 
 Ev'n the rough rocks with tender Myrtle bloora. 
 And trodden Weeds fend out a rich perfume. 
 Bear me, fbme God, to Brno's gentle feats. 
 Or cover me in Umbna's green retreats j 
 Where weftern gales eternally refide. 
 And all the feafons lavifli all their pride: 
 BlofToms, and fruits, and flowers together ri/e. 
 And the whole year in gay confufion lies. 
 
 Immortal glories in my mind revive, 
 And in my /bul a thoufand paflions drive. 
 When Rome^s exalted beauties I defcry 
 Magnificent in piles of ruine lye. 
 An amphitheater's amazing height 
 Here fills my eye with terror and delight. 
 That on its publick (hows Unpeopled Rome, 
 And held Uncrowded nations in its womb : 
 Here pillars rough with fculpture pierce the skies: 
 And here the proud triumphal arches rife, 
 Where the old Romans deathlefs ads difplay'd, 
 Their bafe degenerate progeny upbraid : 
 Whole rivers here forfake the fields below, 
 And wond'ring at their height through airy channels flow. 
 
 Still to new fcenes my wand'ring Mufe retires. 
 And the dumb (how of breathing rocks admires ; 
 Where the fmooth chiffel all its force has fliown, 
 And foftcn'd into flcfli the rugged ftone. 
 In (blemn filence, a majeftick band, 
 Heroes, and Gods, and Roman Confuls ftand. 
 
 Stern 
 
48 Poems on Jen)eral Occasions. 
 
 ToYui Tlramii in cmdelt^ famof, 
 E Imp evador I in Pario Marmo accigtiavji; 
 Mentre Vmne brillantiy a cm con umile 
 Ser'vitk Jlan foggetti^ ognora monjlrano 
 I QJezzi, che gli akieri cuor domaro. 
 
 Vokntievi io I'onia di Raffaele 
 Contar /' arte diijina, e far wedere 
 Gl immortali la'vori nel mio 'verfo. 
 L^ "ve da mijla forza d'omhre, e luce 
 Nuo'va creation forge a mia wijiay 
 Tat cekfli figure efcon da fuo 
 Fennel lo, e i meflicati fuoi colori 
 Caldi di q;ita cost ne sfan^illanoy 
 I>i foggetto in foggettoy d'un fegreto 
 Piacer prefo, e infammato attomo io giro 
 Ira la foaije <variet^ ferduto. 
 Mio firahilito fpirto qua confondono 
 Arie ^ezzofe in circolanti note 
 Fapggiantiy e in fonori lahirinti. 
 Cupoky e Templi s alzan la in diflanti 
 Vedutey ed in Palagi apertiy ed ampli 
 A celehrargU in<vitano la Mufa. 
 
 Come indulgente Cielo adorno mat 
 ha fortunata tevray e fo'vra quella 
 Verso henedizioni a piena mano ! 
 Ma che ^oaglio7i te lor dovizie eterne, 
 Fioriti montiy e foleggiate riq^e 
 Con tutti don, che Cielo, e Suol compartono, 
 
 I r'lfi di Natura, e i qjezzi d' ArtCy 
 Mentre altiera Oppreffton regna in fue Valli, 
 E lirannia fuoi Pian felici ufurpa ? 
 
 II pcvreo Ah it ante mira indarno 
 
 II rofeggiante Arancio, e 7 pingue Grano, 
 
 Crefcer dolente ei mira ed oliy e ijiniy 
 
 E de mirti odorar /' omhra ft fdegna. In 
 
Poems on feveral OccAsiot^is. 49 
 
 Stern tyrants, whom their cruelties renown. 
 And emperors in Parian marble frown,- 
 While the bright dames, to whom they humbly fu'd. 
 Still fhow the charms that their proud hearts fubdu'd. 
 
 Fain would I Raphael's godlike art rehearfe. 
 And {how th' immortal labours in my verfe. 
 Where from the mingled ftrength of fliade and light 
 A new creation rifes to my fight. 
 Such heav'nly figures from his pencil flow. 
 So warm with life his blended colours glow. 
 From theme to theme with fecret pleafure toft, 
 Amidft the foft variety I'm loft : 
 Here pleafing airs my ravifht foul confound 
 With circling notes and labyrinths of found; 
 Here domes and temples rife in diftant views, 
 And opening palaces invite my Mufe. 
 
 How has kind heav'n adorn'd the happy land. 
 And fcatter'd blelTings with a wafteful hand! 
 But what avail her unexhaufted ftores, 
 Her blooming mountains, and her funny ftiores, 
 With all the gifts that heav'n and earth impart. 
 The fmilcs of nature, and die charms of art. 
 While proud Opprcffion in her vallies reigns. 
 And Tyranny ufurps her happy plains ? 
 The poor inhabitant beholds in vain 
 The red'ning Orange and the fwelling grain : 
 Joylefs he fees the growing Oils and Wines, 
 And in the Myrtle's fragrant fliade repines: 
 
 Vol. I. H Starves, 
 
50 Poems on federal Occasions. 
 
 In mezzo alia Bonf^ della Natura 
 Maledetto languifce, e dentro a cariche 
 J)i ^ino "vigne muore fer la fete. 
 
 Lthert^y o Dea Celejle, e Bella I 
 Di hen profufay e pregna di diletto I 
 Piaceri eterni te prefente regnana, 
 Guida tuo gaio tren lieta dcrvizia 
 Pien nel fuo pefo Suggezion piu lie've j 
 Po'vert^ femhra allegra in tua meduta-^ 
 Fat di Na'ura il q;ifo of euro gaio \ 
 Doni a! Sole hellezzaj al giorno gioia. 
 
 Te Dea, te la Britaunta Ifola adora. 
 Come ha fovente ella ogni hen fuo efaitjlo, 
 E fpejjo f ha di morte in campi cerco I 
 Niuno penfa il tuo pofente pregio 
 A trcppo cdvo prezzo ejfer comprato, 
 Puo jopra ejlefi monti il Sole i grappoli 
 Per dolce fugo maturasre a njivio ; 
 Di hofchi di cedrati ornare il fttola, 
 Gofifar la grafa oliva in fiutti d'alm-, 
 Non in^idiamo il piu fewente Clima 
 Dell' Etere piu dolce in died gradi j 
 Di nojlro del maledizion mn duolm/, 
 Ne a Noi in capo Pleiadi ghiacciate. 
 Corona Lihertd. la Britann' Ifola, 
 E fa fue fieril lianche rupi rider e. 
 
 Le torreggianti MoU altrui dilettino, 
 E le fuperhe amhiziofe Cupole, 
 
 Un 
 
Poems on feveml OccAsioiis, 51 
 
 Starves, in the midft of nature's bounty curft. 
 And in the leaden vineyard dies for third. 
 
 Oh Liberty, thou Goddefs heavenly bright, 
 Profufe of bHfs, and pregnant with dehght! 
 Eternal pleafures in thy prefence reign. 
 And fmiiing Plenty leads thy wanton train ; 
 Eas'd of her load Subjedion grows more light, 
 And Poverty looks chearful in thy fight j 
 Thou mak'fl the gloomy face of Nature gay, 
 Giv'ft beauty to the Sun, and pleafure to the Day. 
 
 Thee, Goddeis, thee, Bntamia'^ T(le adores 5 
 How has (lie oft exhaufted all her ftorcs, 
 How oft in fields of death thy prefence fought, 
 Nor thinks the mighty prize too dearly bought! 
 On foreign mountains may the Sun refine 
 The Grape's fofr juice, and mellow it to wine. 
 With Citron groves adorn a diftant foil, 
 And the fat Olive fwell with floods of oil : 
 We envy not the warmer clime, that lies 
 In ten degrees of more indulgent skies. 
 Nor at the coarlcnefs of our heaven repine, 
 Tho' o'er our heads the frozen Pleiads fhine : 
 'Tis Liberty that crowns Britanma's Ifle, 
 And makes her barren rocks and her bleak mountains fmile. 
 
 Others with towering piles may pleale the fight, 
 And in their proud alpiring domes delightj 
 
 Hi A 
 
52 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 Un gentil colpo a una 'vil tela darcy 
 
 Od infegnar Sajfi animati a qjhere. 
 
 D'Europaful dejlin ^egliar Britannia 
 
 Ha cura, e bilanciar gli EmuU Stati j 
 
 Vi gtierra mimcciare arditi Regi ; 
 
 Degli affiitti Vicini udire i preghi. 
 
 Vanoy e S^veco attaccati in fiere Allarme 
 
 Vi lor armi pietofe henedicono ^ 
 
 La prudente Condotta, e 7 huon GoDerno^ 
 
 Tojlo che po ■ le noflre Flotte appaionoy 
 
 Cejfano tutti i lor fpaq;entiy e in Pace 
 
 Tutto il Settentrional Mondoji giace. 
 
 L' amhiziofo Gallo con fegreto 
 Tremito 'vede all' afpirantefua 
 Tejia mirar di lei il Gran Tonante, 
 E volentieri i fuoi divini Figli 
 Vorrehhe difuniti per Jlraniero 
 Oro, pur per domeftica contefai 
 Ma acqutjlarey o dividere in qjan prouajt, 
 Cui I'arme di Nafsby e 'I fenno guida. 
 
 Del nome accefoy cui fouente ho tro^o 
 Remoti Climi, e Imgue vifonarcy 
 Con pena imhriglio mia lottante Mufay 
 Che ama lanciarji in piu ardita prova. 
 
 Ma io di gi^ hovut turhato affai^ 
 Ne tentar ofo un piu fuhlime Canto. 
 Piu dolce Thema il hafo 'verfo chiedemi, 
 Fioriti pratiy a gorgoglianti riuiy 
 Malproprio per gli Eroi ; che i Car mi eterni 
 §tual di Virgilioy o Vbflri onorar dehbono. 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions. 55 
 
 A nicer touch to the ftretcht canvas give, 
 Or teach their animated rocks to live : 
 'Tis Br it am' s care to watch o'er Europe's fate. 
 And hold in balance each contending ftate. 
 To threaten bold prefumptuons kings with war. 
 And anfwer her afflided neighbours' pray'r. 
 The Dane and Swede^ rous'd up by fierce alarms, 
 Blels the wife condud of her piou? arms : 
 Soon as her fleets appear, their terrors cea(e, 
 And all the northern world lies hufli'd in peace. 
 
 Th' ambitious Gaul beholds with fecret dread 
 Her thunder aim'd at his afpiring head, 
 And fain her godlike fbns wou'd difunite 
 By foreign gold, or by domeftick fpite,- 
 But ftrives in vain to conquer or divide, 
 Whom NaJfatCs arms defend and counfels guide. 
 
 Fir'd with the name, which I fo oft have found 
 The diftant climes and different tongues rcfound, 
 I bridle in my ftrugling Mufe with pain, 
 That longs to launch into a bolder drain. 
 
 But I've already troubled you too long. 
 Nor dare attempt a more advent'rous fong. 
 My humble verfe demands a fbfter theme, 
 A painted meadow, or a purling ftream ; 
 Unfit for Heroes; whom immortal lays. 
 And lines like J/lrgd'Sy or like yours, fhou'd praife. 
 
 • 
 "^ Milton'.- 
 
55 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 MiltonV Stj/e imitated^ in a Tranjlation of a Story 
 
 cut of the J bird ^neid. 
 
 LOST in the gloomy horror of the night 
 We flruck upon the Coaft where j^tna lies. 
 Horrid and wafte, its entrails fraught with fire, 
 That now cafts out dark, fumes and pitchy clouds, 
 Vaft {howers of afhes hov'ring in the fmoke,- 
 Now belches molten ftones and ruddy flame 
 Incenfi:, or tears up mountains by the roots. 
 Or fling-s a broken rock aloft in air. 
 The bottom works with fmother'd fire, involv'd 
 In peftilential vapours, ftcnch and fmoke. 
 
 'Tis faid, that thunder-ftruck Rnceladm 
 Groveling beneath th' incumbent mountain's weight 
 Lyes ftretch'd iupine, eternal prey of flames; 
 And when he heaves againft the burning load, 
 Relu(5lant, to invert his broiling limbs, 
 A fudden earthquake {hoots through all the Ifle, 
 And JEtna thunders dreadful under ground. 
 Then pours out fmoke in wreathing curls convolv'd, " 
 And fhades the Sun's bright orb, and blots out Day. ♦ 
 
 Here in the (helter of the woods we lod^'d. 
 And frighted heard Arrange founds and difmal yells. 
 Nor faw from whence they came, for all the night 
 A murky ftorm deep louring o'er our heads 
 Hung imminent, that with impervious gloom 
 
 Oppos'd 
 
Poems on fever al Occasions. 54 
 
 Oppos'd it felf to Cyfjthia's filver ray, 
 
 And fhaded all beneath. But now the Sun 
 
 T 
 
 With orient beams had chas'd the dewy night 
 
 From earth and heav'n^ all nature ftood difclos'd : 
 
 When looking on the neighb'ring woods we faw 
 
 The ghaftly vifage of a man unknown. 
 
 An uncouth feature, meagre, pale, and wild ; 
 
 Affliction's foul and terrible difmay 
 
 Sate in his looks_, his face impaired and worn 
 
 With marks of famine, fpeaking fore diftrefs,- 
 
 His locks were tangled, and his Ibaggy beard 
 
 Matted with filth ; in all things elfe a Greek. 
 
 He fiift advanc'd in hade j bur, when he faw 
 Trojans and Trojan arms, in mid career 
 Stopt fhort, he back recoil'd as one furpriz'd : 
 But foon recovering fpced, he ran, he flew 
 Precipitant, and thus with piteous cries 
 Our ears aifjil'd : " By heav'ns eternal fires. 
 
 By ev'ry God that fits enthron'd on high, 
 
 By this good light, relieve a wretch forlorn. 
 
 And bear me hence to any diftant fhore, 
 
 So may I fliun this favage race accurft. 
 
 'Tis true I fought among the Greeks that late 
 
 With fword and fire o'erturn'd Neptuman Troy,. 
 
 And laid the labour of the Gods in duft j 
 
 For which, if fo the fad offence defcrves, 
 
 Plung'd in the deep, for ever let me lye 
 
 Whelm'd under feas ,• if death mufl be my doom. 
 
 Let Man inflid it and I die well-pleas'd. 
 
 He ended here, and now profufe of tears 
 In, fuppliant mood fell proftrate at our feet : 
 
 We 
 
9 
 
 ^6 Vo "EMS on fe'veral Occasions. 
 
 We bade him fpeak from whence, and what he was, 
 And how by ftrefs of fortune funk thus low j 
 j^nch'tfes too with friendly afpedt mild 
 Gave him his hand, fure pledge of amity j 
 When, thus encouraged, he began his tale. 
 
 I'm one, fays he, of poor defcent, my name 
 Is AchiememdeSy my country Greece^ 
 Uhffes'' fad compeer, who whilft he fled 
 The raging Cyclops ^ left me here behind 
 Difconfblate, forlorn ,• within the cave 
 He left me, giant Pol'ypheme's, dark cave ,• 
 A dungeon wide and horrible, the walls 
 On all fides furr'd with mouldy damps, and hung " 
 With clots of ropy gore, and human limbs. 
 His dire repaft : himfelf of mighty fize, 
 Hoarle in his voice, and in his vifage grim, 
 Intradable, that riots on the flefli 
 Of mortal Men, and fvvills the vital blood. 
 Him did I fee fnatch up with horrid grafp 
 Two fprawling Greeks^ in either hand a man ; 
 I faw him when with huge tempeftuous fway 
 He daflit and broke 'em on the grundfil edge ; 
 The pavement fwam in blood, the walls around 
 Were fpatter'd o'er with brains. He lapt the blood. 
 And chew'd the tender flefli ftill warm with life. 
 That fwell'd and heav'd it felf amidd his teeth 
 As fenfible of pain. Not lels mean while 
 Our chief incens'd, and ftudious of revenge, 
 Plots his deftrudion, which he thus effeds. 
 The giant, gorg'd with flelb, and wine, and blood. 
 
 Lay 
 
ToEUs on feveral Occasions. 57 
 
 Lay ftretcht at length and fnoring in his den, 
 
 Belching raw gobbets from his maw, o'er-charged 
 
 With purple wine and cruddled gore confufed. 
 
 We gather'd round, and to his fingle eye, 
 
 The fingle eye that in his forehead glar'd 
 
 Like a full moon, or a broad burnifli'd fliield, 
 
 A forky ftaff we dext'roufly apply'd, 
 
 Which, in the fpacious fbcket turning round, 
 
 Scoopt out the big round gelly from its orb. 
 
 But let me not thus intcrpofe delays ; 
 
 Fly, mortals, fly this curft detefted race: 
 
 A hundred of the fame ftupendous fize, 
 
 A hundred Cyclops live among the hills, 
 
 Gigantick brotherhood, .that ftalk along 
 
 With horrid ftrides o'er the high mountains tops. 
 
 Enormous in their gaitj I oft have heard 
 
 Their voice and tread, oft feen 'cm as they pad, 
 
 Sculking and fcowring down, half dead with fear. 
 
 Thrice has the Moon wafh'd all her orb in light. 
 
 Thrice travell'd o'er, in her obfcure fbjourn. 
 
 The realms of Night inglorious, fince I've liv'd 
 
 Amidft thefe woods, gleaning from thorns and ftirubs 
 
 A wretched fuftenance. As thus he fpoke. 
 
 We faw defcending from a neighb'ring hill 
 
 Blind Polypheme-y by weary fleps and flow 
 
 The groping giant with a trunk of Pine 
 
 Explor'd his way ,• around, his woolly flocks 
 
 Attended grazing ; to the well-known fhore 
 
 He bent his courfe, and on the margin flood, 
 
 A hideous monfter, terrible^ deform'd j 
 
 Vol. L I Full 
 
^8 Poems on Je'veral Occasions. 
 
 Full in the midft of his high front there gap'd 
 
 The foacious hollow where his eye-ball roll'd, 
 
 A ghaftly orifice : he rins'd the wound, 
 
 And waiivd away the firings and clotted blood 
 
 That cak'd within j then ftalking through the deep 
 
 He fords the ocean, while the topmoft wave 
 
 Scarce reaches up his middle fide ; we flood 
 
 Amaz'd be fure, a Hidden horror chill 
 
 Ran through each nerve, and thrill'd in ev'ry vein, 
 
 'Till ufing all the force of winds and oars 
 
 We fped away j he heard us in our courfe, 
 
 And with his out-flretch'd arms al'ound him grop'd. 
 
 But finding nought within his reach, he rais'd 
 
 Such hideous fhouts that all the ocean fViook. 
 
 Ev'n Italy, tho' many a league remore, 
 
 In diflant echo's anfwer'd ^ ^tna roar'd, 
 
 Through all its inmofl winding caverns roar'd, 
 
 Rous'd with the found, the mighty family 
 Of one-ey'd brothers haflen to the (hore. 
 And gather round the bellowing Polyphemey 
 A dire afTembly : we with eager hafte 
 Work ev'ry one, and from afar behold 
 A hod of giants covering all the fhore. 
 
 So flands a fori ft tall of mountain oaks 
 Advanced to mighty growth : the traveller 
 Hears from the humble valley where he rides 
 The hollow murmurs of the winds that blow 
 Amidft the boughs, and at a diftance fees 
 The fhady tops of trees unnumber'd rife, 
 A flately profpe^t, waving in the clouds. 
 
 THE 
 
THE 
 
 C J M T J 1 G N, 
 
 A 
 
 P O E M, 
 
 To His GRACE the 
 
 Du KE of MARLBOROUGH. 
 
 Rbeni pacator et Iflri. 
 
 Omnis in hoc IJ-w variis dijcord'ta cejjit 
 
 Ordin'tbus \ laratur Eques^ pUuditque Senator^ 
 
 Votaque 'Patrtcto cert ant Tlebeia Javori. Claud, de Laud. Stilic. 
 
 Ejfe aliquant in terris gentem qua fud impevfd, fuo labore ac periculo 
 bella gerat pro libertafe alioium. Nee hoc finitimtSj aut propitiqita 
 vicinitatis hominibus^ mt terris continenti junilts praflet. Maria, 
 trajiciat: ne qtid toto orbr terrarum mjujtti.n iwperiutn Jit, et ubique 
 jus, fasy lex, potent ijjirna fmt, Liv. Hift. lib. 33. 
 
 I 2 
 
Poems on feveral OccA^toi^s. 61 
 
 ■ ■— — — I !■ I I ■ ■■ III II ■ ■ ■ , , 1 
 
 THE- 
 
 C J m ? J I G N, 
 
 A 
 
 P O E M. 
 
 WHILE crouds of Princes your deferts proclaim, 
 Proud in their number to enroll your name; 
 While Emperors to you commit their caufe. 
 And ANNANS praifes crown the vafl: applaufe ,• 
 Accept, great leader, what the Mufe recites. 
 That in ambitious verfe attempts your fights, 
 Fir'd and tranfported with a theme fo new. 
 Ten thoufand wonders op'ning to my view 
 Shine forth at once j fieges and ftorms appear, . 
 And wars and conquefts fill th' important year. 
 Rivers of blood I fee, and hills of flain, 
 An Iliad rifing out of One campaign. 
 
 The haughty Gatil beheld, with tow'ring pride. 
 His ancient bounds enlarg'd on ev'ry fide, 
 Pirene's lofty barriers were fubdued, 
 And in the midft of his wide empire flood • 
 
 6 'Ah- 
 
(52 ¥oT,Ms on fevvrdl O c c As i on s. 
 
 Aufoma\ dates, the viftor to reftrain, 
 
 Oppofed their Alpes and Appenines in vain, 
 
 Nor found themfelves, with ftrength of rocks immut'd. 
 
 Behind their everlafting hills fecur'd; 
 
 The rifing Danube its long race began. 
 
 And half its courfe through the new conquelds ran; 
 
 Amaz'd and anxious for her Soveraian's fates, 
 
 Germama trembled through a hundred dates ; 
 
 Great Leopold hXm^^Xi \i2& feiz'd with fear; 
 
 He gaz'd around, but faw no fuccour near; 
 
 He gaz'd, and half abandon'd to defpair 
 
 His hopes on heav'n, and confidence in pray*r. 
 
 To Brham's Queen the Nations turn their eyes. 
 On her refolves the weftern world relies, 
 Confiding ftill, amidft its dire alarms. 
 In ANN A's councils, and in Churchill's arms. 
 Thrice happy Br'tta'm, from the kingdoms rent. 
 To fit the guardian of the conttnent! 
 That kts her braveft fon advanc'd fo high. 
 And flourifliing fo near her Prince's eye; 
 Thy fav'rites grow not up by fortune's fport. 
 Or from the crimes, or follies of a court ; 
 On the firm bafis of defert they rife. 
 From long-try'd faith, and friendfliip's holy tyes: 
 Their Soveraign's well-diftinguifli'd fmile they (liare. 
 Her ornaments in peace, her ftrength in war ; 
 The nation thanks them with a pubHck voice. 
 By (how'rs of bleflings heaven approves their choice; 
 Envy.it felf is dumb, in wonder loft. 
 And fadions ftrive who ftiall applaud 'em moft. 
 
 6 Soon 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions. 63 
 
 Soon as foft vernal breezes warm the sky, 
 Br'ttanma's colours in the zephyrs fly; 
 Her Chief ah'eady has his march begun, 
 eroding the provinces himfelf had won, 
 'Till the Mofelky appearing from afar. 
 Retards the progrcfs of the moving war. 
 Delightful dream, had Nature bid her fall 
 In diftant climesj far from the perjur'd Gaul ^ 
 But now a purchafe to the fword (he lyes. 
 Her harvefts for uncertain owners rife. 
 Each vineyard doubtful of its mafter grows. 
 And to the victor's bowl each vintaae flows. 
 The difcontcnted {hades of flaughter'd hofts, 
 That wander'd on her banks, her heroes ghofts 
 Hope'd, when they law Bi itannia's arms appear, 
 The vengeance due to their great deaths was near. 
 
 Our god-like leader, ere the ftream he pad. 
 The mighty fcheme of all his labours caft, 
 Forming the wond'rous year within his thought j 
 His bolbm glow'd with battles yet unfought. 
 The long laborious march he firft (iirveys. 
 And joins the diftant Danube to the Maefe^ 
 Between whofe floods fuch pathlejfs forefts grow. 
 Such mountains rife, fo many rivers flow ; 
 The toil looks lovely in the heroe's eyes. 
 And danger ferves but to enhance the prize. 
 
 Big with the fate of Europe^ he renews 
 His dreadful course, and the proud foe puriues : 
 Infc6ted by the burning Scorpion's heat. 
 The fultry gales round his chaf d temples beat, 
 
 ^Till 
 
64 Poems on fe-veral Occasions. 
 
 'Till on the borders of the Maine he finds 
 Defenfive fliadows, and refrefhing winds. 
 Our Brh'iflo youth, with in-born freedom bold, 
 Unnumber'd fcenes of fervitude behold. 
 Nations of flaves, with tyranny debas'd, 
 (Their maker's image more than half defac'd) 
 Hourly inftruded, as they urge their toil. 
 To prize their Queen, and love their native foil. 
 
 Still to the rifing Sun they take their way 
 Through clouds of duft, and gain upon the day. 
 When now the Neckar on its friendly coaft 
 With cooling dreams revives the fainting hoft, 
 That chearfully its labours paft forgets, 
 The midnight watches, and the noon-day heats. 
 
 O'er proftrate towns and palaces they pafs, 
 (Now cover'd o'er with weeds, and hid in grafsj 
 Breathing revenge ,• whilft anger and difdain 
 Fire ev'ry breaft:, and boil in ev'ry vein : 
 Here fhatter'd walls, like broken rocks, from far 
 Rife up in hideous views, the guilt of war, 
 Whilft here the Vine o'er hills of ruine climbs, 
 Induftrious to conceal great Bourbons crimes. 
 
 At length the fame of England's heroc drew 
 Efigemo to the glorious interview. 
 Great fouls by inftindt to each other turn, 
 Demand alliance, and in friendfliip burn ,• 
 A fudden friendlhip, while with ftretch'd-out rays 
 They meet each other, mingling blaze with blaze. 
 Polifh'd in courts, and harden'd in the field, 
 Renown'd for conqueft, and in council skill'd. 
 
 Their 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions, 6$ 
 
 Their couiase dwells not in a troubled flood 
 of mounting fpirits, and fermenting blood j 
 Lodg'd in the foul, with virtue over-rul'd, 
 Inflam'd by reafon, and by reafon cool'd, 
 In hours of peace content to be unknown, 
 And only in the field of battel fliown : 
 To fouls like thefe, in mutual friendfliip join'd, ■ 
 Heaven dares entruft the caufe of human-kind. 
 
 Brhannla's graceful fbns appear in arms, 
 Her harras'd troops the heroe's prefence warms, 
 Whilft the high hills and rivers all around 
 With thund'ring peals of Briti/Jj fliouts refound : 
 Doubling their fpeed they march with frefh delight. 
 Eager for glory, and require the fight. 
 So the ftanch Hound the trembling Deer purfues. 
 And fmells his footfteps in the tainted dews. 
 The tedious track unrav'ling by degrees : 
 But when the fcent comes warm in ev'ry breeze, 
 Fir'd at the near approach, he flioots away 
 On his full ftretch, and bears upon his prey. 
 
 The march concludes, the various realms are pad, 
 Th' immortal Schellenberg appears at laft : 
 Like hills th' afpiring ramparts rife on high. 
 Like vallies at their feet the trenches lye ; 
 Batt'ries on batt'ries guard each fatal pafs, 
 Threat'ning deftrud:ion ; rows of hollow brafs, 
 Tube behind tube, the dreadful entrance keep, 
 Whilft in their wombs ten thoufand thunders fleep : 
 Great Churchill owns, charm'd with the glorious fight. 
 His march o'er-paid by fuch a promis'd fight. 
 
 Vol. I. K The 
 
66 Poems on federal Occasions* 
 
 The weftern Sun now {hot a feeble ray, 
 
 And faintly fcatter'd the remains of day, 
 
 Ev'ning approach'd j but oh what hofts of foes 
 
 Were never to behold that ev'ning clofe! 
 
 Thick'ning their ranks, and wedg'd in firm array. 
 
 The clofe-compa(5ted Britons win their way ; 
 
 In vain the Cannon their throng'd war deface'd 
 
 With trads of death, and laid the battel wafte ; 
 
 Still prefling forward to the fight, they broke 
 
 Through flames of fulphur, and a night of fmoke^. 
 
 *Till {laughter'd legions fiU'd the trench below. 
 And bore their fierce avengers to the foe. 
 
 High on the works the mingling hofts engage,- 
 The battel kindled into tenfold rage 
 With fhow'rs of bullets and with ftorms of fire 
 Burns in full fury; heaps on heaps expire. 
 Nations with nations mix'd confus'dly die. 
 And loft in one promifcuous carnage lye. 
 
 How many gen'rous Britons meet their doom,, 
 New to the field, and heroes in the bloom! 
 Th' illuftrious youths, that left their native fhore 
 To march where Britons never march'd before, 
 (O fatal love of fame f O glorious heat 
 Only deftrud:ive to the brave and great ! ) 
 After fuch toils o'ercome, iuch dangers paft, 
 Stretch'd on Bavarian ramparts breathe their laftr. 
 But hold, my Mufe, may no complaints appear. 
 Nor blot the day with an ungrateful tear : 
 While Ma RLBRo lives Br/^^;7w^'s ftars diipenfe ' 
 
 A fi-iendly light, and fliine in innocence. 
 
 Plunging 
 
Poems <7;/7^z^^m/ Occasions. Gj 
 
 Plunging thro' Teas of blood his fiery fteed 
 Where-e'er his friends retire, or foes fucceed ; 
 Thofc he fupports, thefe drives to fudden flight. 
 And turns the various fortune of the fight. 
 
 Forbear, great man, renown'd in arms, forbear 
 To brave the thickeft terrors of the war, 
 Nor hazard thus, confus'd in crouds of foes, 
 Britanma's fafety, and the world's repofe; 
 Let nations anxious for thy life abate 
 This fcorn of danger, and contempt of fate: 
 Thou liveft not for thy felf ; thy Queen demands 
 Conqueft and peace from thy victorious hands ; 
 Kingdoms and empires in thy fortune join. 
 And Europe's deftiny depends on thine. 
 
 At length the long-difputed pafs they gain. 
 By crouded armies fortity'd in vain ; 
 The war breaks in, the fierce Bavanam yield. 
 And fee their camp with Britijh legions fiU'd. 
 So Belgian mounds bear on their fhatter'd fides 
 The fea's whole weight encreas'd with fwelling tides ; 
 But if the rufhing wave a pafTage finds, 
 Enrage'd by wat'ry moons, and warring winds. 
 The trembling Peaiant (ets his country round 
 Cover'd with tempefts, and in oceans drown'd. 
 
 The few fiirviving foes dilperft: in flight, 
 (Refufe of fwords, and gleanings of a fight) 
 In ev'ry rufsling wind the vidor hear, 
 And Marlbro's form in cv'ry fhadow fear, 
 'Till the dark cope of night with kind embrace 
 Befriends the rout, and covers their difgrace. 
 
 K 2 To 
 
68 Poems on feveral Occasions, 
 
 To Donawertj with unrefifted force, 
 The gay victorious army bends its courfe. 
 The growth of meadows, and the pride of fields, 
 Whatever fpoils Bavaria's fummer yields, 
 (The Danube^ great increafe) Britannia (hares,. 
 The food of armies, and fupport of wars : 
 With magazines of death, deftrudlive balls. 
 And cannons doom'd to batter Landat/s walls. 
 The vidor finds each hidden cavern ftor'd. 
 And turns their fury on their guilty Lord. 
 
 Deluded Prince! how is thy greatnefs croft. 
 And all the gaudy dream of empire loft. 
 That proudly fet thee on a fancy'd throne. 
 And made imaginary realms thy own ? 
 Thy troops, that now behind the Danube join. 
 Shall fliortly feek for {belter from the Rhine, 
 Nor find it there : Surrounded with alarms. 
 Thou hope'ft th' alTiftance of the Gallic arms j 
 The Gallic arms in fafety fhail advance. 
 And croud thy ftandards with the power of Francfy 
 While to exalt thy doom, th'afpiring Gaul 
 Shares thy deftrudion, and adorns thy falL 
 
 Unbounded courage and compaffion join'd, 
 Temp'ring each other in the vidtor's mind,^ 
 Alternately proclaim him good and great. 
 And make the Hero and the Man compleat. 
 Long did he ftrive th' obdurate foe to gain 
 By profFer'd grace, but long he ftrove in vain ; 
 'Till fir'd at length he thinks it vain to fpare 
 His rifing wrath, and gives a loofe to war^ 
 
 la 
 
. Poems (?;^ y^i^^r^/ Occasions. 69 
 
 In vengeance rous'd the foldier fills his hand 
 With fword and fire, and ravages the land, 
 A thoufand villages to afhes turns, 
 In crackling flames a thoufand harvefts burns. 
 To the thick woods the woolly flocks retreat, 
 And mixt with bellowing herds confus'dly bleat ; 
 Their trembling lords the common fliade partake. 
 And cries of infants found in ev'ry brake j 
 The lift:'ning foldier fixt in forrow ftands, 
 Loth to obey his leader's jufl: commands ; 
 The leader grieves, by gen'rous pity fway'd. 
 To fee his jufl: commands fo well obey'd. 
 
 But now the trumpet terrible from far 
 In flirillcr clangors animates the war, 
 Confed'rate drums in fuller con fort beat. 
 And echoing hills the loud alarm repeat: 
 Gallia's proud fliandards, to Bavaria's join'd,. 
 Unfurl their gilded Lilies in the windj 
 The daring Prince his blafl:ed hopes renews, 
 And while the thick embattled hoft he views 
 Strctcht out in deep array, and dreadful length. 
 His heart dilates, and glories in his ftrength. 
 
 The fatal day its mighty courfe began. 
 That the griev'd world had long defir'd in vain : 
 States that their new captivity bemoan'd. 
 Armies of martyrs that in exile groan'd. 
 Sighs from the depth of gloomy dungeons heard. 
 And prayers in bitternefs of foul prefer'd, 
 Europe's loud cries, that Providence afifail'd, 
 And ANNA'S ardent vows, at length prevail'd j 
 
 The 
 
JO Poems on Je-vcral Occasions. 
 
 The day was come when Heaven defign'd to fliow 
 His care and conduct of the world below. 
 
 Behold in awful march and dread array 
 The long-extended fquadrons fliape their way! 
 Death, in approaching terrible, imparts 
 An anxious horrour to the braveft hearts ; 
 Yet do their beating breads demand the ftrife. 
 And third of glory quells the love of Hfe. 
 No vulgar fears can Brhtjh minds controul : 
 Heat of revenge, and noble pride of foul 
 O'er-look the foe, advantag'd by his pod, 
 LeiTen his numbers, and contract his hod : 
 Tho' fens and floods polled the middle fpace, 
 That unprovok'd they would have fear'd to pais ,• 
 Nor fens nor floods can dop Br'ttanma's bands. 
 When her proud foe rang'd on their borders dands. 
 
 But O, my Mule, what numbers wilt thou find 
 To fing the furious troops in battel join'd! 
 Methinks I hear the drum's tumultuous found 
 The vidlor's diouts and dying groans confound. 
 The dreadful burd of cannon rend the skies. 
 And all the thunder of the battel rife. 
 'Twas then great Marlbro's mighty foul was prov'd. 
 That, in the diock of charging hods unmov'd, 
 Amidd confufion, horror and defpgir, 
 Examin'd all the dreadful fcenes of war ; 
 In peaceful thought the field of death furvey'd. 
 To fainting fquadrons fent the timely aid, 
 Infpir'd repuls'd battalions to engage. 
 And taught the doubtful battel where to rage. 
 
 So 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions, yi 
 
 So when an Angel by divine command 
 With rifing tempefts fhakes a guilty land. 
 Such as of late o'er pale Brhanma pad, 
 Calm and fcrene he drives the furious blafl ,• 
 And, pleas'd th'Almighty's orders to perform. 
 Rides in the whirl-wind, and directs the ftorm. 
 
 But fee the haughty houfhold-troops advance f 
 The dread of Europe^ and the pride of France. 
 The war's whole art each private foldier knows. 
 And with a Gen'ral's love of conqueft glows; 
 Proudly he marches on, and void of fear 
 Laughs at the fliaking of the BnuJJj fpear : 
 Vain infolence! with native freedom brave 
 The meaneft Br'tton fcor'ns the higheft flave ; 
 Contempt and fury fire their fouls by turns. 
 Each nation's glory in each warriour burns. 
 Each fights, as in his arm th' important day 
 And all the fate of his great monarch lay : 
 A thoufand glorious a(5tions, that might claim 
 Triumphant laurels, and immortal fame, 
 Confus'd in crouds of glorious acStions lye. 
 And troops of heroes undiftinguifh'd dye, 
 O Dormer, how can I behold thy fate, 
 And not the wonders of thy youth relate f 
 How can I fee the gay, the brave, the young. 
 Fall in the cloud of war, artd lye unfungf 
 In joys of conqueft he refigns his breath, 
 And, fiU'd with England's glory, fmiles in death* 
 
 The rout begins, the Gallk fquadrons run, 
 Compcll'd in crouds to meet the fate they fhun ; 
 
 Thoufands 
 
72 Poems on fe'veral Occasions. 
 
 Thoufands of fiery fteeds with wounds transnx'd 
 
 Floating in gore, with their dead mafters mixt, 
 
 Midft heaps of fpears and ftandards driv'n around. 
 
 Lie in the Danube's bloody whirl-pools drown'd. 
 
 TrooDS of bold youths, bnm --» the Aiii^int Soarie ^ 
 
 Or founding borders of tli .^.^A Rhoney 
 
 Or where x)i\^ Seine her flow'ry fields divides. 
 
 Or where the Loire through winding vineyards glides; 
 
 In heaps the rolling billows fweep away. 
 
 And into Scythian feas their bloaued corps convey. 
 
 From Bleinheim's tow'rs the Gauly with wild affright^ 
 
 Beholds the various havock of the fight ; 
 
 His waving banners, that fo oft had ftood 
 
 Planted in fields of death, and ftream« of blood, 
 
 So wont the guarded enemy to reach. 
 
 And rife triumphant in the fatal breach. 
 
 Or pierce the broken foe's remoteft Hnes, 
 
 The hardy veteran with tears refigns. 
 
 Unfortunate TaUard! Oh who can name 
 The pangs of rage, of fbrrow, and of fhame, 
 That with mixt tumult in thy bofom fwell'd! 
 When firfl thou faw'ft thy braveft troops repell'd, 
 Thine only fon pierc'd with a deadly wound, 
 Choak'd in his blood, and gafping on the ground. 
 Thy felf in bondage by the vidor kept! 
 The Chief, the Father, and the Captive wept. 
 An Englijh Mufe is touch'd with gen'rous woe. 
 And in th' unhappy man forgets the foe. 
 Greatly diftrcft! thy loud complaints forbear. 
 Blame not the turns of fate, and chance of war ; 
 
 Give 
 
Poems on feveml Occasions. 73 
 
 Give thy brave foes their due, nor blufli to own 
 The fatal field by fuch great leaders won, 
 The field whence fam'd Eugemn bore away 
 Only the fecond honours of the day. 
 
 With floods of gore that from the vanquiHit fel! 
 The mardies ftagnate, and the rivers fwcll. 
 Mountains of flain lye heap'd upon the ground, 
 Or *mid{l the roarings of the Danube drown'd; 
 Whole captive hofts the conqueror detains 
 In painfiil bondage, and inglorious chains ; 
 Ev'n thofe who 'fcape the fetters and the fword. 
 Nor feek the fortunes of a happier lord, 
 Their raging King diflionours, to compleat 
 Marlbro's great work, and finifli the defeat. 
 
 From Memm'mgheri'^ high domes, and Ausbur^s walls. 
 The diftant battel drives th'infulting Cards, 
 Freed by the terror of the vid;or's name 
 The refcu'd dates his great protedion claim ; 
 Whilft Ulme th' approach of her deliverer waits. 
 And longs to open her obfequious gates. 
 
 The hero's breaft ftill fwells with great defigns. 
 In ev'ry thought the tow'ring genius (hines ; 
 If to the foe his dreadful courfe he bends, 
 O'er the wide continent his march extends ; 
 If fieges in his lab'ring thoughts are form'd. 
 Camps are alTaulted, and an army ftorm'd j 
 If to the fight his active foul is bent. 
 The fate of Europe turns on its event. 
 What diftant land, what region can afford 
 An a6tion worthy his vid;orious fword : 
 
 Vol. I. L Where 
 
74 r o K M s on Jnwal Occasions. 
 
 where will he next the flying Gaul defeat, 
 To make the feiics of his toils compleat ? 
 
 Where the fwoln Rhine ruihing with all its force 
 Divides the hoflile nations in its courfe, 
 While each contracts its bounds, or wider grows, 
 Enlarcr'd or (Iraiten'd as the river flows. 
 On Gallfds fide a mighty bulwark flands. 
 That all the wide extended plain commands ,• 
 Twice, fince the war was kindled, has it try'd 
 The vidor's rage, and twice has changed ita fide; 
 As oft whole armies, with the prize o'erjoy'd, 
 Have the long fummer on its walls employ'd. 
 Hither our mighty Chief his arms- dire<3:s. 
 Hence future triumphs from the war expedsj 
 And, tho' the dog-ftar had its courfe begun. 
 Carries his arms ftill nearer to the Sun. : 
 Fixt on the glorious adion, he forgets 
 The change of feafbns, and increafe of heats : 
 No toils are painful that can danger fhow, 
 No climes unlovely, that contain a foe. 
 
 The roving Gatil, to his own bounds i:cflti:ain'dj 
 Learns to encamp within his native land^ 
 But icon as the vidorious hoil he fpies, 
 From hill to hill, from ft4-eam to ftream he flies.: 
 Such dire imprelTions in his heart remain 
 Of Marlbro's fwordi, and' Hocftefs fatal plain ; 
 In vain Bntarimds mighty chief befcts 
 Their fhady cov^erts, and obfcure retreats,- 
 They fly the conqueror's approachip^g fame, 
 That bears the force of a4*mies in his name. 
 
 Atflria'h 
 
Poems m feveral Occasions. 75 
 
 Auflnah young monarch, whofe imperial fway 
 
 Sceptres and thrones arc de(li«'d to obey, 
 
 Whofe boafted ancefVry fo high extends 
 
 That in the pagan gods his lineage ends, 
 
 Comes from a-far, in gratitude to own 
 
 The great fupporttr of his father's dirone: 
 
 What tides of glory to his boibm ran, 
 
 Clafp'd in th' embraces of the god-like man ! 
 
 How were his eyes with pleafing wonder fixt 
 
 To fee fuch fire with fo much fwcetnefs mixt, 
 
 Such eafic greatnels, fuch a graceful port, 
 
 So turn'd and finifh'd for the camp or court! 
 Achilles thus was form'd \\ith ev'ry grace, 
 And N'treus fhone but in the fecond place j 
 Thus the great father of Almighty Komi 
 
 (Divinely flufht with an immortal bloom 
 That Cythereas fragrant breatli beftow'd) 
 In all the charms of his bright mother gloxv'd. 
 
 The royal youth by Marlbro's prefence charm'd, 
 Taught by his counfels, by his adions warm'd. 
 On Landau with redoubled fury falls, 
 Difcharges all his thunder on its walls. 
 O'er mines and caves of death provokes the fight, 
 And learns to conquer in the Hero's fight. 
 
 The Br'n'tflj Chief, for mighty toils renown'd, 
 Increas'd in titles, and with conqueft erown'd. 
 To Belgian coafts his tedious march renews, 
 And the long windings of the Rhine purfucs, 
 Clearing its borders from ufurping foes. 
 And bleft by refcu'd nations as he goes. 
 
 L 2 Treves 
 
'jG Poems on feveral OccAsioji^s. 
 
 Treves fears no more, free*d from its dire alarms j 
 And Traerhach feels the terror of his arms, 
 Seated on rocks her proud foundations fhake, 
 While Marlbro prefTes to the bold attack. 
 Plants all his batt'ries, bids his cannon roar, 
 And (hows how Landau might have fall'n before. 
 Scar'd at his near approach, great Louts fears 
 Vengeance referv'd for his declining years. 
 Forgets his thirft of univerfal fway. 
 And fcarce can teach his fubjeds to obey,- 
 His arms he finds on vain attempts employ'd, 
 Th' ambitious projects for his race deftroy'd. 
 The work of ages funk in one campaign. 
 And lives of millions facrific'd in vain. 
 
 Such are th' effeds of ANNA's royal cares : 
 By her, Britanma, great in foreign wars. 
 Ranges through nations, wherefoe'er disjoin'd. 
 Without the wonted aid of fea and wind. 
 By her th' unfetter'd Ijlerh ftates are free. 
 And tafte the fweets of EngUJh liberty : 
 But who can tell the joys of thojfe that lye 
 Beneath the conftant influence of her eye! 
 Whilft in diffufive ftiow'rs her bounties fall 
 Like heaven's indulgence, and defcend on all. 
 Secure the happy, fuccour the diftreft, 
 Make ev'ry fubjed glad, and a whole people bleft. 
 
 Thus wou'd I fain Bntanma^s wars rehearfe. 
 In the fmooth records of a faithful verfej 
 That, iffuch numbers can o'er time prevail. 
 May tell pofterity the wond'rous tale. 
 
 7 When 
 
I- 
 
 Poems on federal Occasions. yj 
 
 when adions, unadorn'd, are faint and weak, 
 
 Cities and Countries muft be taught to fpeak j 
 
 Gods may defcend in fadions from the skies, 
 
 And Rivers from their oozy beds arife ; 
 
 Fiction may deck the truth with fpurious rays. 
 
 And round the Hero caft a borrow'd blaze. 
 
 Marlbro's exploits appear divinely bright, 
 
 And proudly fliine in their own native light ; 
 
 Rais'd of themfelves, their genuine charms they boaft. 
 
 And thofe who paint 'em trued praife 'em moft. . 
 
 ROSA- 
 
ROSAMOND. 
 
 A N 
 
 O* P E A R. 
 
 Infcribed to Her GRACE the 
 
 Dutchefs of MJR LBOROUGH. 
 
 H)c qms durus Amor crudel't tahe perecCit 
 
 Secreti celant Calksj et Myrtea circum 
 
 Sylva tegtt. Virg. i£n. 6. 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions, 8i 
 A Copy of Verses in the Sixth Mifcellany, 
 
 T O T H E 
 
 AUTHOR of ROSAMOND. 
 
 Nc forte pudori 
 
 Sit tibi Mufa Lyra filers^ et Cantor Apollo. 
 
 By Mr. T I C K E L L. 
 
 THE OpQv:iJirJl Italian maflers taught y 
 pMrich'd 'With fongs, hut innocent of thou^t. 
 Britannia'j learned theatre difdains 
 Melodious trifles, and ener^vate Jirains , 
 And hhfies on her injur d Jlage to fee 
 Nonfenfe •well-tun d, andfweet flupidity. 
 
 No charms are nuanting to thy artful fongy 
 Soft as Corelli, hut as Virgil Jlrong, 
 From 'words fo fnjoeet ne'w grace the notes receive. 
 And Muftck borrows helps, fie us'd to give. 
 Thy flyle hath match" d 'what ancient Romans kne'w. 
 Thy flowing numbers far excell the new ; 
 Their cadence in fuch eafie found convey d. 
 That height of thought may feem fuperfluous aid ; 
 
 Vol. I. M Tet 
 
82 Poems on feveral Occasiq-^s, 
 
 Tet Infuch charms the nohJe thoughts aboimdy 
 That needlefs feem the fujeets of eajie found. 
 
 Landfchapes hoiu gay the hoiv'ry grotto yields^ 
 Which thought creates ^ and la-vip fancy builds 1 
 What art can trace the vifonary fcenes. 
 The fo'w'ry groojeSy and everlafing greensy 
 Tue hahling founds that mimick Echo plays. 
 The fairy fiade, and its eternal mazcy 
 Nature and art in all their charms comhin'dy 
 And all Elyfium to one njie'w confined I 
 No further could imagination roam, 
 'Till Vanbrook framed, and Marlbro' rais'd the Dome. 
 
 Ten thoufand pangs my anxious hofom tear. 
 When droiund in tears I fee th' imploring fair : 
 When hards left foft the mouing njoords fupply, 
 A feemingjuflice dooms the Nymph to die , 
 But here fie hegSy nor can foe beg in vain, 
 {In dirges thus expiring S'wans complain) 
 Each 'verfe f) fivellsy exprej/i^ve of her ivoesy 
 A?id eiJry tear in lines fo mournful fo'ws ; 
 We, fpite of fame, her fate reversed helienje. 
 Overlook her crimes, and think JJoe ought to Hue. 
 
 Let joy tranfport fair Rofamonda'j pade. 
 And icreaths of myrtle crovjn the lo'vely Maid. 
 While nonv perhaps 'with Dido's ghojl Jbe ro'vesj 
 And hears and tells the /lory of their hues. 
 Alike they mourn, alike they hiefs their Jate, 
 Since hue, luhich made 'em wretched, makes ^em great. 
 
 Nor 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions. 83 
 
 Nor longer that rekntkfs doom bemoatty 
 Which gain d a Virgil, and an Addifbn. 
 
 Accept y great monarch of the Britifh lays. 
 The tribute fong an humble fuhjeUs pays. 
 So tries the artlefs Lark her early flighty 
 And foarsy to hail the God of verfe, and light, 
 Unri'vald as thy merit he thy fame, 
 And thy oivn laurels pade thy en^vy'd name : 
 Thy name, the hoajl of all the tunejul choir. 
 Shall tremble on the firings of enj'ry Lyre j 
 While the charmed reader 'with thy thought complies, 
 Feels correfponding joys or forronus rifey 
 And vienjjs thy Rofamond 'with Henry 'j eyes. 
 
 M 
 
 Dramatis 
 
Dramatis Perfonas. 
 M E N. 
 
 King Henry. 
 
 Sir Trujiyi Keep erof the Bower. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Meflenger. 
 
 WOMEN. 
 
 Queen Elinor, 
 
 Rofam'ond. 
 
 Grideliney Wife to Sir Trufij, 
 
 Guardian Angels^ &c. 
 
 SCENE Woodftock Tark. 
 
[85 3 
 
 ROSJMONT>. 
 
 ACT I. SCENE I. 
 
 A Prq/peB of Woodftock-Park, term'mat'mg in the Bower, 
 Enter QJJ E E N and PAG E. 
 
 ^UEEN. 
 
 H AT place is here f 
 What fcenes appear' 
 
 Where-e'er I turn my eyes, 
 All around 
 Enchanted ground 
 
 And fbft Elyfmms rife : 
 Flow'ry mountains, 
 Moffie fountains, 
 
 Shady 
 
86 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Shady woods, 
 Chryftal floods, 
 
 With wild variety furprife. 
 * j^s o'er the hollow vaults we walk, 
 A hundred echo's round us talk : 
 
 From hill to hill the voice Is tofi. 
 Rocks rebounding. 
 Caves refounding. 
 Not a fingk word Is lofi. 
 
 PAG E\ 
 
 There gentle Rofamond immured 
 Lives from the world and you fecured. 
 
 ^U E E K 
 
 Curfe on the name ! I faint, I die. 
 
 With fecret pangs of jealoufie. — — [Jfide. 
 
 PAGE. , 
 
 There does the pendve beauty mourn. 
 And languifh for her Lord's returrr. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Death and confufion! I'm too flow [Aftde^. 
 
 Show me the happy manfion, fliow 
 
 PA G E. 
 
 Great Henry there 
 
 * jilludwg to the famous Edo in Woodftock-Patk. 
 
 ^UEEN. 
 
ROSAMOND, 87 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 Trifler, no morel— — 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Great Henry there 
 
 Will fbon forget the toils of war. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 No more! the happy manfion lliow 
 That hold^ this lovely t^ir'ty foe. 
 My wrath, like that of heav'n, fliall rife. 
 And blaft her in her Paradife. 
 
 PAGE, 
 
 Behold on yonr^.er rifing ground 
 The bower J that wanders 
 
 In meanders 
 
 Ever bending^ 
 
 Never endings 
 
 Glades on glades. 
 
 Shades in /hades. 
 Running an eternal round. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 In fuch an endlefs maze I rove. 
 Loft in labyrinths of love. 
 
 My breaft with hoarded vengeance burns. 
 
 While fear and rage 
 
 6 With 
 
88 ROSAMOND. 
 
 With hope engage, 
 
 And rule my wav'ring foul by turns. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 The path yon verdant field divides. 
 Which to the foft confinement guides. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Eleomra, think betimes. 
 What are thy hated rival's crimes.' 
 Whither, ah whither doft thou go! 
 What has fhe done to move thee (o] 
 — Does fhe not warm with guilty fires 
 The faithlefs Lord of my defires ? 
 Have not her fatal arts remov'd 
 My Henry from my arms ? 
 'Tis her crime to be lov'd, 
 'Tis her crime to have charms. 
 Let us fly, let us fly. 
 She (hall die, {he fliall ^k, 
 I feely I feel my heart relent , 
 How could the fair he innocent f 
 To a monarch like mine. 
 Who would not refign / 
 One fo great and fo brave 
 All hearts mufl en/lave. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Hark, hark ! what found invades my ear ? 
 The conqueror's approach I hear. 
 
 He 
 
ROSAMOND. 89 
 
 He comes, v'tBonous Henry conies / 
 Hautboy, Trumpets, Fifes and Drums^ 
 In dreadful concert jo'trCd, 
 Send from afar 
 A found of war. 
 And fill with horror ev'ry wind. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Henry returns, from danger free.' 
 
 Henry returns! but not to me. 
 
 He comes his Rofamond to greet. 
 And lay his laurels at her feet. 
 His vows impatient to renew j 
 His vows to Eleonora due. 
 Here {hall the happy Nymph detain, 
 (While of his abfence I complain) 
 Hid in her mazy, wanton bower. 
 My lord, my life, my concjueror. 
 
 No, no, 't}s decreed 
 
 The Traitrefs Jhall bleed ^ 
 
 No fear fhall alarm. 
 
 No pity difarm; 
 
 In my rage Jhall be feen 
 
 The revenge of a ^een. 
 
 Vol. I. N SCENE 
 
^o ROSAMOND. 
 
 SCENE II. 
 
 ^he Entry of the Bower, 
 
 Sir TRUSrr, Knight of the Bower, /tf/»r. 
 
 How unhappy is he. 
 That is t'fd to ajhe. 
 
 And fatrfd for his wit and his beauty f 
 For of us prett'^ fellows 
 Our wives are fo jealous. 
 
 They ne'er have enough of our duty* 
 But hah ? my limbs begin to quiver, 
 I glow, I burn, I freeze, I fhiver j 
 
 Whence rifes this convulfive ftrife^^ 
 I fmell a fhrew ! 
 My fears are true, 
 I fee my wife. 
 
 ^l«a*ariH*ari^rtMMtfMtoa*M 
 
 SCENE III. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E and Sir TRUSTY. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E, 
 
 Faithlefs varlet, art |hou there ? 
 
 Sir TRUSTY. 
 My tove, my dove, my charming fair .' 
 
 GRJ' 
 
ROSAMOND. 91 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 Monfter, thy wheedling tricks I know. 
 
 Sir T R U S m 
 Why wilt thou call thy turtle fo^^ ^ 
 
 G R I D E L I N E, 
 
 Cheat not me with falfe carelTes. 
 
 Sit T RU S TT. 
 Let me flop thy mouth with kifTes. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 Thofe to fair Rofamtnd are due. 
 
 Sir T RU srr. 
 
 She is not half lb fair as you. ^ 
 
 G R I D E L 1 N E. 
 
 She views thee with a lover's eye. 
 
 ^it T R U S T r. 
 I'll ftill be thine, and let her die. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E, 
 
 No, no, 'tis plain. Thy frauds I fee, 
 Traitor to thy King and me ! 
 
 Sir TRUSTY, 
 Grideline ! confult thy glafs. 
 Behold that fweet betwhch'mg face, 
 
 N z Thofi 
 
92 RO SA M N jD. V 
 
 Thofe bloom'mg chfeks, theU l^el^ hue / 
 Evy^ feature 
 {Charming creature) 
 W*ll convince you I am truei 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 how blefl were Grideline, 
 Could I call Sir Trufty mine J 
 Did he not cover amorous wiles 
 
 With fifty but ah! deceiving fmiks: '^' 
 
 How fhould I revel in delight , 
 
 The fpoufe offuch a peerlefs Knight/ 
 
 Sir T RU S TT, 
 
 At length the ftorm begins to ceafe, 
 
 I've footh'd and flattered her to peace. 
 
 'Tis now my turn to tyrannize : [A/ide. 
 
 1 feel, I feel my fury rife! 
 Tigrefs, be gone. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E, 
 
 , — ^L— I love thee fb 
 I cannot go. 
 
 Sit T R U S TT. 
 Fly from my paffion. Beldame, Ayr! 
 
 GRIDELINE. 
 Why fo unkind^ Sir Trufiy, why I 
 
 Sir TRUSTT, 
 
RO SA MO 1<I D. 
 
 Sir TRUSTT, 
 Thou'rt the plague of my life. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E, 
 
 Pm a foolilli, fond wife. 
 
 Sir TRUST r. 
 
 Let us part, 
 Let us part. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 Will you break my poor heart ? 
 Will you break my poor heart ? 
 
 Sir TRUST r. 
 
 I will if I can. 
 
 G R J D E L I N E. 
 
 O barbarous man ? 
 
 From whence doth all this paflion flow ? 
 
 Sir TRUST Y. 
 
 Thou art ugly and old^ 
 And a vtlla'mom fcold, 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 Thou art a rujikk to call me fo* 
 I'm not ugly nor oldy 
 Nor a vtUatmus fcold^ 
 
 93 
 
 i'-iv. 
 
 Bnt 
 
94 ROSAMOND. 
 
 But thou art a rujiick to call me fo, 
 ThoUy Traitor^ adieu/ 
 
 Sir TRUST Y, 
 
 Farewell^ thou Shrew f 
 
 G R I D E L 1 N E. 
 
 Thou Traitor, 
 
 Sir TRUSTY. 
 
 Thou Shrew, 
 
 1 
 
 BOTH, 
 
 ^dieu/ adieu f {Exit Grkf. 
 
 Sir TRUSTY, folus. 
 
 How hard is our fate. 
 
 Who ferve in the ftate. 
 
 And {hould lay out our cares 
 
 On publick affairs ; 
 
 When conjugal toils. 
 
 And family-broils 
 Make all our great labours mifcarry ? 
 
 Yet this is the lot 
 
 Of him that has got 
 
 Fair Rofamond's bower, 
 
 With the clew in his power. 
 
 And is courted by all, 
 
 Both the great and the fmall. 
 As principal pimp to the mighty King Harry, 
 
 But 
 
ROSAMOND. $5 
 
 But fee, the penfive fair draws near; 
 111 at a diftance ftand and hear. 
 
 SCENE IV. 
 
 ROSAMOND and Sir TKV ST^. 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 From walk to walk, from (hade to fliade. 
 From ftream to purling ftream convey'd. 
 Through all the mazes of the grove, 
 Through all the mingling trads I rove. 
 Turning 
 Burning, 
 Changing, 
 Ranging, 
 Full of grief and full of love. 
 Impatient for my Lord's return, 
 I figh, I pine, I rave, I mourn. 
 JVas ever paffion crofs'd Me mtne ? 
 To rend wy hreafly 
 And break my rejl, 
 Athotifand thoufand Ills combine, 
 Abfence wounds me. 
 Fear furrounds me 
 Guilt confounds me, 
 IVas ever pajjion croffd like mine 7 
 
 Sir 
 
96 ROSAMOND, 
 
 Sir TRUST r. 
 
 What heart of flone 
 Can hear her moan, 
 And not in dumps fo doleful join ! [/Ipart, 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 How does my conftant grief deface 
 The pleafures of this happy place f 
 In vain the fpring my fenles greets 
 In all her colours, all her fweetSj 
 
 To me the Rofe 
 
 No longer glows. 
 
 Every plant 
 
 Has loft its fcent : 
 The vernal blooms of various hue, 
 The blofloms freih with morning dew, 
 The breeze, that fweeps thefe fragrant bowers, 
 f ill'd with the breath of op'ning flow'rs. 
 
 Purple fcenes. 
 
 Winding greens. 
 
 Glooms inviting, 
 
 Birds delighting, 
 (Nature's fofteft, fweeteft ftore) 
 Charm my tortur'd foul no more. 
 Te powers J I rave, I faint, I die ; 
 Why fo flow f great Henry, why/ 
 From death and alarms 
 Fly, fly to my arms, 
 Fly to my arms, my Monarch, fly / 
 
 Sir 
 
ROSAMOND. 97 
 
 Sir T RU s r r. 
 
 How much more bl efs'd would lovers be, 
 
 Did all the whining fools agree 
 
 To live like Gr'tdei'me and me? \/Jpart. 
 
 ROSAMOND, 
 
 O Rofamond^ behold too late. 
 
 And tremble at thy future fate f 
 
 Curfe this unhappy, guilty face. 
 
 Every charm, and every grace. 
 
 That to thy ruin made their way, 
 
 And led thine innocence aftray : 
 
 At home thou feeft thy Queen enraged. 
 
 Abroad thy abfent Lord engaged 
 
 In wars, that may our loves disjoin. 
 
 And end at once his life and mine. 
 
 ^11 r RU srr. 
 
 Such cold complaints befit a Nun : 
 
 If fhe turns honed, I'm undone \ [Apart, 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Beneath foime hoary mountain 
 
 ril lay me down and weep^ 
 Or near fome warbling fountain 
 
 Bewail my felf afl/tep ,• 
 Where feathered choirs combining 
 
 With gentle murmuring Jlreams, 
 
 Vol. I. O And 
 
98 ROSAMOND. 
 
 And Winds in conjort jo'm'mg, 
 
 Ra'ife fadly-pkafing dreams. [ Ex, Rof, 
 
 Sir r RU STT, Xolus, 
 
 What favage tiger would not pity 
 A damfel To diftrefs'd and pretty ! 
 But hah! a found my bower invades. 
 
 And echo's through the winding fhades ^ 
 'Tis Henry's march! the tune I know: 
 A MelTenger! It muft be fo. 
 
 [ Trumpets flour ijh. 
 
 SCENE V. 
 
 MESSENGER and Sir TY^^J "bUX, 
 
 MESSENGER. 
 
 Great Henry comes ! with love opprefl; 
 
 Prepare to lodge the royal gueft. 
 
 Prom purple fields with (laughter fpread. 
 
 From rivers choak'd with heaps of deady 
 
 From glorious and immortal toils, 
 
 Loaden with honour, rich with fpoils. 
 
 Great Henry comes ! Prepare thy bower \ 
 
 To lodge the mighty conquerour. '' 
 
 Sir r R U S TT. 
 
 The bower. and Lady both are dreft^ ! 
 
 And ready to receive their gueft» 
 
 8 MES- 
 
ROSAMOND. 99 
 
 M E S S E N G E R. 
 
 Hither the vidor flies, (his Queen 
 And royal progeny unfeenj) 
 Soon as the Bntijh (hores he reached. 
 Hither his foaming courfer ftretched : 
 And fee ! his eager fteps prevent 
 The meffage that himfelf hath fent! 
 
 Sir r R U S TV, 
 
 Here will I ftand 
 With hat in hand, 
 
 Obfequioufly to meet him. 
 And muft endeavour 
 At behaviour. 
 
 That's fuitable to greet him. 
 
 SCENE VI. 
 
 Enter King Henry after a JlouriJJo of Trumpets. 
 
 KING. 
 
 Where is my love! my Rofamondf 
 
 Sir TRUSTY, 
 
 Firfl:, as in ftri(Stefl: duty bound, 
 I kifs your royal hand, 
 
 O z KING, 
 
100 ROSAMNOD. 
 
 KING, 
 
 Where is my life f my Rofamondf 
 
 s\v T R u s rr. 
 
 Next with fubmifTion moft profound, 
 I welcome you to land. 
 
 KING. 
 
 Where is the tender, charming fair ! 
 
 Sir TRUST T. 
 
 Let me appear, great Sir, I pray. 
 Methodical in what I fay. 
 
 KING. 
 
 Where is my love, O tell me where T 
 
 Sir T R U S" TT, 
 
 For when we have a Prince's ear. 
 
 We fhould have wit. 
 
 To know what's fit 
 For us to fpeak, and him to hear. 
 
 KING. 
 
 Thefe dull delays I cannot bear. 
 Where is my love, O tell me where f 
 
 Sir T RU S TV. 
 
 I fpeak, great Sir, with weeping eyes. 
 She raves, alas.' fhe faints, fhe dies. 
 
 KING. 
 
ROSAMOND, loi 
 
 KING. 
 
 What doft thou fay ? I (hake with fear. 
 
 ^ix r RUS TV, 
 
 Nay, good my Liege, with patience hear. 
 She raves, and faints, and dies, 'tis true j 
 But raves, and faints, and dies for you. 
 
 KING. 
 
 fVas ever N'ymph like Rofamond, 
 Sofa'irjfofatthfttlyandfofond^ 
 Adorned with ev'r'y charm and grace / 
 
 Im all deftref 
 
 My hearfs on fire^ 
 And leaps andfprwgs to her embrace. 
 
 Sir T R U S TV, 
 
 At the fight of her lover 
 She'll quickly recover. 
 
 What place will you chufe 
 
 For firft interviews ? 
 
 KIN G. 
 
 Full in the center of the grove. 
 
 In yon pavilion made for love. 
 
 Where Woodbines, Rofes, Jeflamines, 
 
 Amaranths, and Eglantines, 
 
 With intermingling fweets have wove 
 
 The particoloured gay Alcove. 
 
 Sir 
 
102 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Sir r R US rr. 
 
 Your Higlinefs, Sir, as I prefume, 
 Has chofe the moft convenient gloom; 
 There's not a fpot in all the park 
 Has trees Co thick, and {hades fb dark. 
 
 KING. 
 
 Mean while with due attention wait 
 
 To guard the bower, and watch the gate; 
 
 Let neither envy, grief, nor fear. 
 
 Nor love-fick jealoufie appear; 
 
 Nor fenfelefs pomp, nor noife intrude 
 
 On this delicious fblitude ; 
 
 But pleafure reign through all the grove. 
 
 And all be peace, and all be love. 
 
 O the pkafmgy f leafing angu'ijh^ 
 
 When we love, and when we langmjh / 
 
 Wtjhes r'tfmgf 
 
 'Thought furprizmg / 
 
 Pleafure courting / ' 
 
 Charms tranfporttng ! 
 
 Fancy viewing 
 
 Joys enfuing f 
 the pleafmg^ pleafmg anguijh / - > [Exeunt. 
 
 ACT 
 
ROSAMOND. " 103 
 
 AC T II. S C E N E I. 
 
 A Pavilion in the middle of the Boiuen 
 
 KING ^;;^ R O S A M O N D, 
 
 KING. 
 
 THUS let my weary foul forget 
 Reftlefs glory, martial ftrife. 
 Anxious pleafures of the great. 
 And gilded cares of life. 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Thus let me lofe, in rifing joys. 
 Fierce impatience, fond defires, 
 Abfence that flatt'ring hope deftroys. 
 And life-confuming fires. 
 
 KING, 
 
 Not the loud Brit'i/h lliout that warms 
 The warrior's heart, nor clafliing arms, 
 Nor fields with hoftile banners ftrow'd. 
 Nor life on proftrate Gauls beftow'd. 
 Give half the joys that fill my breafl-, 
 While with my Rofamond I'm bleft. 
 
 ROSA- 
 
I04 ROSAMOND. 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 My Henry is my foul's delight, 
 My wifti by day, my dream by night. 
 'Tis not in language to impart 
 The fecret meltings of my heart. 
 While I my conqueror furvey. 
 And look my very foul away. 
 
 KING, 
 
 O may the prefent blifs endure, 
 From fortune, time, and death fecure! 
 
 B O T H- 
 
 may the prefent hltfs endure ! 
 
 KING, 
 
 My eye cou'd ever gaze, my ear 
 
 Thofe gentle founds cou'd ever hear : 
 
 But oh ! with noon-day heats oppreft, 
 
 My aking temples call for reft! 
 
 In yon cool grotto's artful night 
 
 Refrefliing (lumbers I'll invite, 
 
 Then feek again my abfent fair. 
 
 With all the love a heart can bear. \Extt King. 
 
 R SA M N D fola. 
 
 From whence this fad prefaging fear, 
 This fudden figh, this faUing tear ? 
 
 Oft 
 
ROSAMOISD. 105 
 
 Oft in my filent dreams by night 
 
 With fuch a look I've feen him fly. 
 
 Wafted by angels to the sky. 
 And loft in endlefs tracks of light; 
 While 1, abandon'd and forlorn. 
 To dark and difmal defarts born. 
 Through lonely wilds have feem'd to ftray, 
 A long, uncomfortable way. 
 
 They're fantoms all^ VU think no mdre: 
 My life has endlefs joys m ftore, 
 Farewel forrow, far ewel fear ^ 
 They're fantoms all! my Henry's here. 
 
 SCENE II. 
 
 \A Fojlern Gate of the Boiver. 
 
 GRIDELINE and PAGE. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 My ftomach fwells with fecret fpight. 
 To fee my fickle, faithlefs Knight, 
 With upright gefture, goodly mien. 
 Face of olive, coat of green. 
 That charm'd the Ladies long ago, 
 So little his own worth to know, 
 
 V o L. I. P On 
 
lo5 ROSAMOND. 
 
 On a meer girl his thoughts to place. 
 With dimpled cheeks, and baby face ; 
 A child ! a chit ! that was not born. 
 When I did town and court adorn. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Can any man prefer fifteen 
 To venerable Gr'tdelme ? 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 He does, my child ,• or tell me why 
 
 With weeping eyes fo oft I fpy 
 
 His whiskers curl'd, and fhoe-ftrings ty'd, 
 
 A new Toledo by his fide. 
 
 In (houlder-belt fo trimly plac'd, 
 
 With band fo nicely fmooth'd and lac'd. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 If Rofamond his garb has view'd. 
 
 The Knight is falfe, the Nymph fubdu'd. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 My anxious boding heart divines 
 His falfhood by a thoufand figns ,• 
 Oft o'er the lonely rocks he walks. 
 And to the fooHfh Echo talks ; 
 Oft in the glafs he rolls his eye, 
 But turns and frowns if I am by,- 
 Then my fond eafie heart beguiles. 
 And thinks of Rofamond^ and fmiles. 
 
 4 PAGE. 
 
ROSAMOND. 107 
 
 PAGE, 
 
 Well may you feel thefe fofc alarms, 
 She has a heart 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 A.nd he has charms. 
 
 PAGE. 
 Your fears are too juft 
 
 G R I D E L I N E, 
 
 ——Too plainly I've prov'd 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 He loves and is lov'd. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 merc'defs fate / 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Deplorable flate / 
 
 G R I D E L I N E, 
 To die 
 
 PAG E. 
 
 — — T'o he /Iain 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 By a barbarous fwaWy \ 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 That laughs at your pain* 
 
 P 2 GRI- 
 
io8 ROSAMOND. 
 
 G Rl D E L 1 N E, 
 
 How fhou'd I a6t ? canft thou advife ? 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Open the gate, if you are wife ; 
 
 I, in an unfufpeded hour, 
 
 May catch 'em dallying in the bower. 
 
 Perhaps their loofe amours prevent. 
 
 And keep Sir Trufl'^ innocent. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 Thou art in truth 
 
 A forward youth, 
 Of wit and parts above thy age ; 
 Thou know'ft our fex. Thou art a Page. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 ril do what I can 
 
 To furprife the falfe man, 
 
 Q R I D E L I N E. 
 
 Of fuch a faithful fpy I've need : * 
 
 Go in, and if thy plot facceed. 
 
 Fair youth, thou may'ft depend on this, 
 
 I'll pay thy fervice with a k\(s* [ Exit Page. 
 
 GR/DELINE fola; 
 
 Prithee Cupid no more 
 Hurl thy darts at three/core, 
 
 f An opening Scene difcovers another "view of the Bower, 
 
 7o 
 
ROSAMOND. 109 
 
 To thy gtrles and thy boys 
 
 Give thy paws and thy joySy 
 
 Let Sir Trufty and me 
 
 From thy frolicks he free. [Ex. Grid, 
 
 SCENE III. 
 
 PAGE folm.. 
 
 O the fbft delicious view, 
 Ever charming, ever newf 
 Greens of various (hades arife, 
 Deck'd with flow'rs of various dies : 
 Paths by meeting paths are croft. 
 Alleys in winding alleys loft j 
 Fountains playing through the trees. 
 Give coolnefs to the pafling breeze. 
 
 A thoufand fairy fcenes appear y 
 Here a grove j a grotto here. 
 Here a rock, and here a fiream], 
 
 Sweet delufton, 
 
 Gay confufiony 
 All a vtfiony all a dream / 
 
 SCENE 
 
no R S A M N D. 
 
 SCENE IV. 
 
 dUEEN afid PAGE. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 At length tlie bow'ry vaults appear! 
 My bofom heaves, and pants with fear: 
 A thoufand checks my heart controul, 
 A thoufand terrours fhake my foul. 
 
 PAGE, 
 
 Behold the brazen gate unbarr'd f 
 
 — —She's fixt in thought, I am not heard--*—- \A^art, 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 I fee, I fee my hands embru'd 
 In purple dreams of reeking blood : 
 I fee the vidim gafp for breath. 
 And ftart in agonies of death : 
 I fee my raging dying Lord, 
 And O, I fee my felf abhorr'd ! 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 My eyes o'erflow, my heart is rent 
 
 To hear Bntmnia's Queen lament. [Afide, 
 
 ^UE E M 
 
ROSAMOND. Ill 
 
 ^U E E N, 
 
 What fliall my trembling foul purfue ? 
 
 PAGE. 
 Behold, great Queen, the place in view ! 
 
 ^U E E N, 
 Ye pow'rs inftrud me what to do! 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 That Bow'r will fliow 
 The guilty foe. 
 
 ^U E E N, 
 
 It is decreed it {hall be fo j {After a paufe. 
 
 I cannot fee my Lord repine 
 (0 that I cou^d call him mine f ) 
 Why have not they mofl charms to move, 
 tVhofe bofoms burn iv'ith purejl love ! 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Her heart with rage and fondnefs glows. 
 
 O jealoLific! thou hell of woes.' \Afide. 
 
 That confcious fcene of love contains 
 
 The fatal caufe of all your pains : 
 
 In yonder flow'ry vale flie lies, 
 
 Where thofa fair-bloffom'd arbours fife. 
 
 ^VEEN, 
 
112 RO SA MO N D. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Let us hafte to deftroy 
 Her guilt and her joy. 
 
 ffiU and franUck is my gr'tef-^ 
 
 Ftiry drlvingy 
 
 Mercy Jlr'w'mg, 
 Heaven m pity fend relief/ 
 
 The pangs of love 
 
 Te pow'rs remove y 
 Or dart your thunder at my head: 
 
 Love and defpa'tr 
 
 What heart can hear 7 
 Eafe my foul y or Jlrike me dead/ [Exeunt. 
 
 SCENE V. 
 
 T^he Scene changes to the Favilion as before. 
 
 ROSAMOND fola. 
 
 'Tranfporting pleafure / who can tell it / 
 
 When our longing eyes dtfcover 
 
 The kindy the dear, approaching lover. 
 Who can utter, or conceal it / 
 
 A fudden motion fhakes the grove: 
 I hear the fteps of him I love ,• 
 
 Prepare, 
 
ROSAMOND. J 13 
 
 Prepare, my foul, to meet thy blifs ! 
 
 Death to my eyes^ what fight is this! 
 
 The Queen, th' offended Queen I fee ! 
 Open, O earth ! and fwallow me ? 
 
 SCENE VI. 
 
 Enter to her the Q^JV E E N with a Bovjl m 
 one handy and a Dagger in the other. 
 
 ^U E E IV. 
 
 Thus arm'd with double death I come : 
 Behold, vain wretch, behold thy doom! 
 Thy crimes to their full period tend, 
 And foon by This, or This, fhall end, 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 What fhall I fay, or how reply 
 To threats of injur'd Majefty? 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 'Tis guilt that does thy tongue controul. 
 Or quickly drain the fatal Bowl, 
 Or this right hand performs its part, 
 And plants a Dagger in thy heart. 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Can Bnta'm^s Queen give fuch commands. 
 Or dip in blood thofe facred hands? 
 
 Vol. I. Q^ la 
 
114 ROSAMOND. 
 
 In her fliall fuch revenge be fcen ? 
 Far be that from Br'ttatns Queen ! 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 How black does my defign appear ? 
 
 Was ever mercy fo fevere ! [^Jide, 
 
 ROS/IMOND. 
 
 When tides of 'youthful blood run hlghy 
 And fcenes of promts d joys are mgh. 
 
 Health prefummg. 
 
 Beauty blooming, 
 Oh how dreadful ^tis to die / 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 To thofe whom foul diflionours (lain, 
 Life it felf fliould be a pain. 
 
 R S A M N D, 
 
 Who could refift great Henrfs charms, 
 And drive the hero from her arras ? 
 
 Think on the foft, the tender fires y 
 Melting thoughts, and gay defires. 
 That in your own warm bofom rife. 
 When languijhing with Eove-fick eyes 
 That great, that charming man you fee : 
 Think on your felf and pity me f 
 
 ■■■ '1 -' 
 ^UE'EK 
 
ROSAMOND. 115 
 
 ^U E E K. 
 
 And doft thou thus thy guilt deplore? 
 
 [ Offering the dagger to her breajl, 
 Prefumptuous woman ! plead no more ! 
 
 ROSAMOND, 
 
 O Queen, your Ufted arm reftrain? 
 Behold thefe tears ! 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 They flow in vain. 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Look with compaflion on my fate ! 
 O hear ray fighs! 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 They rife too late. 
 
 Hope not a day's, an hour's reprieve. 
 
 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Tho* I live Wretched, let me Live. 
 In fbme deep dungeon let me lye, 
 Cover'd from ev'ry human eye, 
 Banifh'd the day, debarr'd the light ; 
 Where {hades of everlailing night 
 May this unhappy face difarm, 
 And caft a veil o'er ev'ry charm : 
 
 Q. 2 Offended 
 
ii6 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Offended heaven I'll there adore, 
 Nor fee the Sun, nor Henv^ more. 
 
 aU E E N. 
 
 Moving language, Jhm'tng tears. 
 
 Glowing gmltj and graceful fears. 
 
 Kindling piiy^ kindling rage. 
 
 At once provoke me, and ajpwdge, [Afide, 
 
 ROSAMOND, 
 
 What fhall I. do to pacific 
 Your kindled vengeance * 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Thou {halt die. [Offering the dagger,. 
 
 R SA M N D. 
 
 Give me but one fliort moment's ffay. 
 
 O Henry, why Co far away ? [Afide, 
 
 ^U E E K 
 
 Prepare to welter in a flood 
 
 Of ftreaming gore. [Offering the dagger^ 
 
 R S A MO N D.. 
 
 r O (pare my blood, 
 
 And let me grafp the deadly bowl, 
 
 [ Takes the howl in her hand. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Ye pow'rs, how pity rends my foul \ [ Afide. 
 
 R SA- 
 
ROSA Mo N rr 
 
 i>7 
 
 ROSAMOND. ' 
 
 Thus proftrate at your feet I fall. 
 
 O let me ftill for mercy call! [Fall'wg on her hees. 
 
 Accept y great ^leen, like mjur'd heaven. 
 
 The foul that begs to be forgiven: 
 
 If in the latefi gafp of breathy 
 
 If in the dreadful pains of death, 
 
 tVhen the cold damp bedews your brow, 
 
 Tou hope [or mercy, Jhow it now. 
 
 ^U E E N, 
 
 Mercy to lighter crimes is due, 
 
 Horrors and death fhall thine purfue. [Offering the dagger. 
 
 ROSAMOND, 
 
 Thus I prevent the fatal blow. [^Drinks. 
 Whither, ah? whither (hall I go! 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Whtre thy paft life thou fhalt lament, 
 And wi(h thou hadft been innocent. 
 
 R SA M N D.. 
 
 Tyrant ! to aggravate the ftroke. 
 And wound a heart, already broke? 
 My dying foul with fury burns. 
 And flighted grief to madnels turns. 
 
 Think not J thou author of n}y woe, 
 "Tlmt Rofamond will leave thee fo : 
 
 At 
 
ii8 
 
 -^ 
 
 ■ROSAMOND. 
 
 At dead of mghty 
 
 A glaring fprtght, 
 
 JVtth hideous /creams 
 
 ril haunt thy dreams. 
 And when the painful mgbt withdraws^ 
 My Henry Jhall revenge my caufe, 
 O whither does my frenzy drive ! 
 Forgive my rage, your wrongs forgive. 
 My veins are froze 5 my blood grows chill ; 
 The weary fprings of life ftand ftill j 
 The fleep of death benumbs all o'er 
 My fainting limbs, and I'm no more. 
 
 ^U E E K 
 
 Hear, and obferve your Queen's commands. 
 
 Beneath thofe hills a Convent (lands, 
 Where the fam'd ftreams of ^^ ftray,- 
 Thither the breathlefs coarfe convey, 
 And bid the cloifter'd maids with care 
 The due folemnities prepare. 
 
 ' 
 
 [Falls on the couch. 
 
 [ To her attendants. 
 
 [ Exeunt with the body. 
 
 When vanquiflS d foes beneath us lye 
 How great it is to bid them Die / 
 But how much greater to forgive. 
 And bid a vanquifh' d foe to Live - 
 
 [Exit. 
 
 S CENE 
 
ROSAMOND. 119 
 
 SCENE vn. 
 
 ^S'/V TRUSTY in a Fngk, 
 
 A breathlefs corps? what have I (een ? 
 
 And follow'd by the jealous Queen f 
 
 It muft be fhe ! my fears are true : 
 
 The bowl of pois'nous juice I view. 
 
 How can the fam'd Sir Trufiy live 
 
 To hear his Mafter chide and grieve ? 
 
 No ! tho' I hate fuch bitter beer. 
 
 Fair Rsfamond ^ I'll pledge thee here, [Drinh, 
 
 The King this doleful news (hall read 
 In hnes of my inditing : 
 " Great Sir, {fVritei, 
 
 *^ Your Rofamondls dead 
 
 " As I am at this prefent writing. 
 The bower turm rounds my braty^s abus'dy 
 The Labyrmth grows more confus'dy 
 The thickets dance — —I fir etch, I yawn. 
 Death has trippd up my heels — — fm gone, 
 
 [Staggers and falls. 
 
 SCENE 
 
120 R S A M N D. 
 
 SCENE VIII. 
 
 CLU E E N, fola. 
 
 The confli(5t of my mind is o'er, 
 And Rofamorid (hall charm no more. 
 Hence ye fecret damps of care. 
 Fierce difdain, and cold delpair. 
 Hence ye fears and doubts remove ; 
 Hence grief and hate! 
 Ye pains that wait 
 On jealoufie, the rage of love. 
 
 My Henry Jhall he m'me alone. 
 The Heroe fhatl be all my own j 
 Nobler joys pojfefs my heart 
 Than crowns and fcepters can impart. 
 
 ACT 
 
ROSAMOND. 121 
 
 ACT III. SCENE I. 
 
 SCENE a Grotto, HENRY afleepy a cloud de- 
 fcendSi in it two Angels fuppos*d to he the Guardian 
 Spirits of the Britiih Kings in War and in Peace. 
 
 I ANGEL, 
 
 BEHOLD til' unhappy Monarch there, 
 That claims our tutelary care ! 
 
 1. ANGEL. 
 
 In fields of death around his head 
 A fhield of Adamant I fpread. 
 
 1 AN G E L. 
 
 In hours of peace, unleen, uakxiown, 
 I hover o*er the Br'tufh throne. 
 
 2 ANGEL. 
 
 When hofts of foes with foes engage. 
 And round th' anointed Heroe rage. 
 The cleaving fauchion I milguide. 
 And turn the feather'd (haft afide. 
 
 Vol. I. R I ^ NG E L. 
 
122 ROSAMOND. 
 
 I ANGEL. 
 
 When dark fermentincr faftions fwell. 
 And prompt th' ambitious to lebell, 
 A thoufand terrors I impart, • 
 And damp the furious traitor's heart. 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 But Oh what influence can remove 
 The pangs of grief, and rage of love! 
 
 2 ANGEL. 
 
 I'll fire his foul with mighty themes 
 'Till Love before Ambition fly. 
 
 1 A N G E L. 
 
 I'll footh his cares in pleafing dreams 
 'Till grief in joyful raptures die. 
 
 2 ANGEL. 
 
 Whatever glorious and renown d 
 In Britifli annals can he found ^ 
 Whatever aEitons fhall adorn 
 Britannia'5 heroes.^ yet unborn, 
 In dreadful vifion, fhall fucceed-., 
 On fancy' d fields the G^mXs Jhall hleedy 
 Cxt^y fhall Jl and before his eyes, 
 And Agincourt and Blenheim rife. 
 
 I ANGE L. 
 
ROSAMOND, 123 
 
 I A N G E U 
 
 See, fee, he fmiles amiclft his trance. 
 And fhakes a vifionary lance, 
 His brain is fill'd with loud alarms j 
 Shouting armies clafhing arms, 
 The fofter prints of love deface ; 
 And trumpets found in ev'ry trace. 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 Glory fir'weSy 
 
 The field is won. 
 Fame revives^ 
 
 And love is gone, 
 
 I ANGEL, 
 
 To calm thy grief, and lull thy cares. 
 
 Look up and fee 
 What, after long revolving years, 
 
 Thy Bower fliall be ! 
 When time its beauties fhall deface. 
 And only with its ruines grace 
 The future profpedt: of the place. 
 
 Behold the glorious pile afcending! * 
 Columns fwelling, arches bending, 
 Domes in awful porpp arifing, 
 Art in curious ftrokes furprizing. 
 Foes in figur'd fights contending, 
 Behold the glorious pile afcending! 
 
 R 1 z ANGEL, 
 
 * Scene changes to the Plan of Blenheim CaJlJe:^ 
 
' 1 
 
 124 ROSAMOND. * 
 
 2 ANGEL, 
 
 He fees, he fees the great reward 
 Vor Afwas mighty Chief prepar'd: 
 His growing joys no meafure keep, 
 Too vehement and fierce for fleep. 
 
 1 ANGEL. 
 
 Let grief and love at once engage. 
 His heart is proof to all their pain j 
 Love may plead--^'^ 
 
 2 ANGEL. 
 
 '—"—'And grief may rage 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 But both Jhall plead and rage in vain. 
 
 [The Angels afcend, and the vifion difappears*. 
 
 HENRY, flarfing from the couch. 
 
 Where have my ravifh'd fenfes been f 
 What joys, what wonders, have I feen! 
 The fcene yet (lands before my eye,. 
 A thou fan d glorious deeds that lye 
 In deep futurity obfcure. 
 Fights and triumphs immature. 
 Heroes immers'd in time's dark womb. 
 Ripening for mighty years to come, 
 
 7 Break 
 
ROSA m u i\ Z). 125 
 
 Break fortb, and, to the day difplay'd. 
 My fbft inglorious hours upbraid. 
 Tran(ported with (b bright a fcheme. 
 My waking life appears a dream. 
 
 ^dieuy ^e wanton Jhades and bowers ^ 
 Wreaths of myrtle, beds of flowers, 
 
 Rofte brakeSy 
 
 Silver lakes y 
 
 To love and you 
 
 Along adieu/ 
 
 O Rofamondf O rifing woef 
 
 Why do my weeping eyes o'erflow? 
 
 O Rofamondf O fair diftrefs'd ! 
 
 How fhall my heart, with grief opprefs'd, 
 
 Its unrelenting purpofe tell ,• 
 
 And take the long, the laft farewel ! 
 
 Rife, Glory, rife in all thy charms. 
 
 Thy waving crejl^ and burnifh'd arms 
 
 Spread thy gilded banners round. 
 
 Make thy thundering courfer boundy. 
 
 Bid the drum and trumpet join. 
 
 Warm my foul with rage divine ; 
 
 All thy pomps around thee call: 
 
 To conquer Love will ask them all,- [Exit. 
 
 SCENE 
 

 126 ROSAMOND. 
 
 SCENE II. 
 
 The Scene changes to that part of the Bozuer where 
 Sir Trufly lies upon the groM^nd, with the Bowl 
 and Daqq'er on the table. 
 
 Enter Q^ U E E N. 
 
 Every ftar, and every pow'r, 
 
 Look down on this important hour : 4' 
 
 Lend your protedion and defence 
 
 Every guard of innocence! 1 
 
 Help me my Henry to afifwage. 
 
 To gain his love, or bear his rage 
 
 M'yfierious love^ uncertain treafurey 
 Ha'fi thou more of pain or pleafure ! 
 
 Chill'd with tears, 
 
 KiWd with fears, 
 Endlefs torments dwell about thee : 
 Tet who would live, and live without thee ! 
 
 But oh the fight my jfbul alarms : 
 
 My Lord appears, I'm all on fire! 
 Why am I banifli'd from his arms? 
 
 My heart's too full, I mull retire. 
 
 [Retires to the end of the Jlage. 
 
 SCENE 
 
T 
 
 RO SA MO N D. i2y 
 
 SCENE III. 
 
 KING and QJJ E EN. 
 KING. 
 
 Some dreadful birth of fate is near; 
 Or why, my foul, unus'd to fear, 
 With fecret horror dofl: thou ihake ? 
 Can Dreams fuch dire impreflions make? 
 What means this folemn, filent {how ? 
 This pomp of death, this fcene of woe? 
 Support me, heaven! what's this I read? 
 Oh horror ! Rofamond is dead. 
 What Hiall I fay, or whither turn ? 
 With grief, and rage, and love, I burn : 
 From thought to thought my foul is toft. 
 And in the whirle of paiTion loft. 
 Why did I not in battel fall, 
 Crufli'd by the thunder of the Gaul? 
 Why did the fpear my bofbm mifs? 
 Ye pow'rs, was I referv'd for this! 
 
 Difira^ed with woe 
 
 I'll rujh on the foe 
 To feek my relief: 
 
 The [word or the dart 
 Shall p'lerce my fad hearty 
 And finifh my grief! 
 
 ^UEEN, 
 
128 "^z? S A M N D. \ 
 
 ^■U £ E N. 
 
 Fain wouM my tongue his griefs appeafe, 
 
 And give his tortur'd bofom eafe. \,4f^^' 
 
 KING. 
 
 But fee ! the caufe of all my fear$, 
 The fource of all my grief appears ! 
 No uiiexpeded gueft is here ; 
 
 The fatal bowl 
 
 Inform'd my foul 
 Eleomra was too near. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Why do I here my Lord receive ? 
 
 KING. 
 
 Is this the welcome that you give ? 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Thus fhou'd divided lovers meet ? 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 /^d is it thus, ah f thus we greet/ 
 
 ^U E E N, 
 
 What in thefe guilty ftiades cou*d you, 
 Inglorious concjuerour, purfuc ? 
 
 KING. 
 
7 
 
 ROSAMOND. 129 
 
 KING. 
 
 Cruel woman, what couM you ? 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 Degenerate thoughts have fir'd your bread. 
 
 K I N G. 
 The third of blood has yours pofTefs'd. 
 
 d U E E N. 
 A heart fo unrepentmg^ 
 
 A rage fo imrelent'mg. 
 
 KING. 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 Will for ever 
 Love dtffever, 
 Will for ever break our reji, 
 
 KING. 
 
 Floods of forrow will I died 
 
 To mourn the lovely diade ! 
 My Rofamondy alas ! is dead 
 
 And where, O where convey'd f 
 So bright a bloomy fo foft an air. 
 
 Did ever nympb difclofe / 
 The lily was not half fo fair. 
 
 Nor half fo fweet the rofe. 
 Vol. I. S ^UEEN. 
 
V 
 130 ROSAMOND. 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 How is his heart with anguifli torn ! [y^uU^ 
 
 My Lord, I cannot fee you mourn j 
 The Living you lament : while I, 
 To be lamented fo, cou'd Die. 
 
 KING. 
 
 The Living! fpeak, oh fpeak again? 
 Why will you dally with my pain ? 
 
 ^U E E N. 
 
 Were your lov'd Rofamond alive^ 
 Wou'd not my former wrongs revive? 
 
 KING, 
 
 Oh no; by Vifions from above 
 Prepar'd for grief, and free'd from love, 
 I came to take my laft adieu. 
 
 ^U E E N 
 
 How am I blefs'd if this be true .' [Aftde, 
 
 KING. 
 
 And leave th' unhappy nymph for you. 
 But O ! 
 
 ^U E E N 
 
 Forbear, my Lord, to grieve. 
 And know your Rofamond does live. 
 
Y 
 
 ROSAMOND. 131 
 
 If Hh joy to wound a lover. 
 
 How much more to give him eafe 7 
 When h'ts paffion we difcover^ 
 
 Oh how pleafmg 'tis to pleafe / 
 The bl'ifs returns^ and we receive 
 Tran/ports greater than we give, 
 
 KING, 
 
 O quickly relate 
 This riddle of fate ! 
 My impatience forgive. 
 Does Rofamond live ? 
 
 §^V E E N, 
 
 The bowl, with drowfie juices fiU'd, 
 From cold Egyptian drugs diftill'd, 
 In borrow'd death has clos'd her eyes : 
 But foon the waking nymph fhall rife. 
 And, in a convent plac'd, admire 
 The cloifter'd walls and virgin choire : 
 With them in fongs and hymns divine 
 The beauteous penitent Aiall join. 
 And bid the guilty world adieu. 
 
 KING, 
 
 How am I bleft if this be true ! [Afide, 
 
 ^U E E N 
 Atoning for her felf and you, 
 
 S2 KING, 
 
132 ROSAMOND. 
 
 KING. 
 
 I ask no more! fecure the fair 
 
 In life and blifs: I ask not where: 
 
 For ever from my fancy fled 
 
 May the whole world believe her dead. 
 
 That no foul minifter of vice. 
 
 Again my finking foul intice 
 
 Its broken paflion to renew, 
 
 But let me live and die with you. 
 
 ^U E E K. 
 
 How does my heart for fuch a prize 
 The vain cenforious world defpife f 
 Tho' diftant ages, yet unborn,. 
 For Rofamond fhall falfly mourn j : 
 And with the prefent times agree^. 
 To brand my name with cruelty; 
 How does my heart for fuch a prize 
 The vain cenforious world defpife! 
 
 But fee your Slave, while yet I (peak-, , 
 From his dull trance unfettered break! 
 As he the Potion fliall furvive .-^ 
 
 Believe your Rofamond Alive. . 
 
 KING: 
 
 O happy day ! O pleafing view ! 
 My Queen forgives — - 
 
 ^UEEN 
 — — My Lord is true. KIN G. 
 
RO SA MO N D. 133 
 
 KING. 
 
 A^o more III change ^ 
 
 dU E E N. 
 
 No more Vll grieve : 
 
 B o T h; 
 
 But ever thus united live. 
 
 Sir TRUSTY awaking. 
 
 In which world am I ! all I fee, 
 Ev'ry thicket, bufh and tree, 
 So like the place from whence I came, 
 That one wou'd fwear it were the fame. 
 My former Legs too, by their pace? 
 And by the Whiskers, 'tis my facef 
 The felf-fame habit, garb and mien! 
 They ne'er would Bury me in Green. 
 
 SCENE IV. 
 
 GRIDELINE^^^ i/r TRUSTY. 
 
 G R I D E L 1 N E, 
 
 Have I then liv'd to fee this hour, . 
 And took thee in the very Bow'r ? 
 
 Sir 
 
134 ROSAMOND. 
 
 Six T RU S TV, 
 
 Widow Truft'y, why fo Fine ? 
 Why doft thou thus in Colours ftiine ? 
 Thou (hou'dft thy husband's death bcWai| 
 In Sable vefture, Peak and Veil. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 Forbear thefe foolifli freaks, and fee 
 How our good King and Queen agree. 
 Why ftiou'd not we their fteps purfue. 
 And do as our fuperiors do ? 
 
 Sir T RU S TV. 
 
 Am I bewitch'd, or do I dream ? 
 I know not who, or where I am, 
 Or what I hear, or what I fee. 
 But this I'm fure, howe'er it be, 
 It fuits a perfbn in my ftation 
 T'obferve the mode and be in fafhion. 
 "Jhen let not Grtdel'me the chafte 
 Offended be for what is pad, 
 And hence anew my vows I plight 
 To be a faithful courteous Knight. 
 
 G R I D E L I N E. 
 
 I'll too my plighted vows renew, 
 Since 'tis fo courtly to be true. 
 
 Since 
 
7 
 
 ROSAMOND. 135 
 
 S'mce conjugal paffion 
 
 Is come into fajhion. 
 And marriage fo hlefl on the throne is, 
 
 Like a Venus I'll Jhine, 
 
 Be fond and he fine. 
 And Sir Ti^vi^y Jhall he my Adonis. 
 
 Str TRUSTY. 
 
 And Sir Tiufty Jhall he thy Adonis. 
 
 The KING and Q\J E E N advancing. 
 
 KING. 
 
 Who to forbidden joys would rove, 
 That knows the fweets of virtuous love ? 
 Hymen, thou fcource of chafte delights, 
 Chearful days, and blifsful nights. 
 Thou doft untainted joys difpence. 
 And pleafure join with innocence : 
 Thy raptures laft, and are finccrc 
 From future grief and prefent fear, 
 
 BOTH. 
 
 Who to forhidden joys ivotid rove^ 
 That knows the fweets of virtuous love ? 
 
 Prologue 
 
136 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 Prohzue to r/;^ T e n d e r Husband."^ 
 Spoken by Mr. W I L K S. 
 
 IN the firft rife and infancy of Farce, 
 When Fools were many, and when Plays were fcarce, 
 The raw unpraftis'd authors could, with eafe. 
 And young and unexperienc'd audience pleafe : 
 No fingle Character had e'er been (hown, 
 But the whole herd of Fops was all their own; 
 Rich in Originals, they fet to view. 
 In every piece, a Coxcomb that was new. 
 But now our Brlujh Theatre can boaft 
 Droles of all kinds, a vaft Unthinking hoft/ 
 Fruitful of folly and of vice, it fliows 
 Cuckolds, and Cits, and Bawds, and Pimps, and Beaux- 
 Rough-country Knights are found of every fliire ; 
 Of every fafhion gentle Fops appear ,• 
 And Punks of different chara<5ters we meet, 
 As frequent on the Stage as in the Pit. 
 Our modern Wits are forc'd to pick and cull. 
 And here and there by chance glean up a Fool : 
 Long e'er they find the necefTary fpark. 
 They fearch the Town, and beat about the Park: 
 To all his mod frequented haunts refbrt, 
 Oft dog him to the Ring, and oft to Courtj 
 
 As 
 ■ * A Comedy written hy iS"/?- Richard Steele. 
 
J 
 
 Poems on Jeveral OccAsio'^s. i^j 
 
 As love ofpleafure, or of place invites: 
 
 And fometimes catch him taking Snuff at Whitens,. 
 
 Howe'er, to do you right, the prefent age 
 Breeds very hopeful Monfters for the ftage ,• 
 That fcorn the paths their dull forefathers trod, 
 And wo'n't be blockheads in the Common road. 
 Do but furvey this crowded houfe to-night : 
 — — Here's ftill encouragement for thofe that write* 
 
 Our Author, to divert his friends to day, 
 Stocks with Variety of fools his Play; 
 And that there may be fomething gay and new,. 
 Two Ladies-errant has expos'd to view : 
 The firft a Damfel, travell'd in Romance ,• 
 The t'other more rcfin'd ; {he comes from France : 
 Refcuc, like courteous Knights, the Nymph from danger j 
 And kindly treat, like well-bred men, the Stranger. 
 
 EPILOGUE 
 
 to the ^ KIT IS n Enchanters.^ 
 
 WHEN Orpheus tun'd his lyre with pleafing woe. 
 Rivers forgot to run, and winds to blow. 
 While lift'ning forefts cover'd, as he play'd, 
 The foft mufician in a moving (hade. 
 That this night's ftrains the fame luccefs may find, 
 The force of Magick is to Mufick join'd : 
 
 Vol. I. T Where 
 
 * A DramatickPoem written hy the Lord I^anfdown. 
 
\ 
 
 138 Poems on feveral Occasions, 
 
 Where founding ftrings and artful voices fail. 
 The charming rod and mutter'd fpells prevail. 
 Let fage Urganda wave the circling wand 
 On barren mountains, or a wafte of fand. 
 The defart fmiles ; the woods begin to grow, 
 The birds to warble, and the fprings to flow. 
 
 The fame dull fights in the fame landfchape mixt. 
 Scenes of Still life, and points for ever fix'd, 
 A tedious pleafure on the mind beftow, 
 And pall the fenfe with one continu'd {how : 
 But as our two Magicians try their skill, 
 The vifion varies, tho' the place ftands ftill, 
 While the fame fpot its gaudy form renews. 
 Shifting the profped to a thoufand views 
 Thus (without Unity of place tranfgreft) 
 Th' Enchanter turns the Critick to a jeft. 
 
 But howfoe'er, to pleafe your wand'ring eyes. 
 Bright objeds difappear and brighter rife : 
 There's none can make amends for loft delight, 
 While from that Circle we divert your fight. 
 
 HORACE, 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions. 139 
 
 HORACE, Ode III. Book III. 
 
 Auguftus had a deftgn to rebuild Troy, and make it the Me-' 
 tropolis of the Roman Kmpire^ having clofetted feveral Sena^ 
 tors on the project : Horace is fuppos^d to have written the 
 following Ode on this occafwn. 
 
 TH E Man refolv'd and ftcady to his truil. 
 Inflexible to ill, and obftinately juft. 
 May the rude rabble's infblence defpife. 
 Their fenfelefs clamours and tumultuous cries ,• 
 The tyrant's fiercenefs he beguiles. 
 And the flern brow, and the harfli voice defies. 
 And with fuperior greatnefs fmiles. 
 
 Not the rough whirlwind, that deforms 
 Adrtah black gulf, and vexes it with ftorms, 
 The ftubborn virtue of his foul can move,- 
 Not the red arm of angry "jove. 
 That flings the thunder from the sky. 
 And gives it rage to roar, and ftrength to fly. 
 
 Should the whole frame of nature round him break 
 In ruine and confufion hurl'd. 
 He, unconcern'd, would hear the mighty crack. 
 And fl:and fecure amidft a falling world. 
 
 Such were the godlike arts that led 
 Bright Follux to the blefl: abodes j 
 
 T 2 Such 
 
\ 
 
 140 Poems on feveral Occasi 01^ s. 
 
 Such did for great /^Icides plead, 
 And gain'd a place among the Gods j 
 Where now Anguflus^ mix'd with heroes, \\ts.y 
 And to his lips the nedar bowl applies : 
 His ruddy lips the purple tin<5ture (how. 
 And with immortal ftains divinely glow. 
 
 By arts like thefe did young L')'^us rife : 
 His Tigers drew him to the skies. 
 Wild from the defart and unbroke : 
 In vain they foam'd, in vain they flar'd, 
 In vain their eyes with fury glar'd ; 
 He tam'd 'em to the la{h, and bent 'em to the yoke. 
 
 Such were the paths that Rome's great founder trod, 
 When in a whirlwind fnatch'd on high, 
 He ftiook off dull mortality. 
 And loft: the Monarch in the God. 
 Bright Juno then her awful filence broke. 
 And thus th' alTembled deities befpoke. 
 
 Tro'y^ fays the Goddefs, • perjur'd Troy has felt 
 The dire cfFeds of her proud tyrant's guilt j 
 The towering pile, and foft abodes, 
 Wall'd by the hand of fervile Gods, 
 Now Ipreads its ruines all around. 
 And lyes inglorious on the ground. 
 An umpire, partial and unjufl:. 
 And a lewd woman's impious luft:. 
 Lay heavy on her head, and funk her to the duft. 
 
 Since falfe Laomedonh tyrannick fway, 
 That durft defraud th' immgrtals of their pay, 
 
 8 Her 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions. 141 
 
 Her guardian Gods renounc'd their patronage, 
 Nor wou'd the fierce invading foe repell ,• 
 To my refentments, and M'merva's rage, 
 The guilty King and the whole People fell. 
 
 And now the long protraded wars are o'er. 
 The fbft adult'rer {hines no more ; 
 No more do's HeBor'% force the Trojam fhield, 
 That drove whole armies back, and fingly clear'd the field. 
 
 My vengeance fated, I at length refign 
 To Mars his off-fpring of the Trojan line : 
 Advanc'd to god-head let him rife. 
 And take his ftation in the skies j 
 There entertain his ravifh'd light 
 With fcenes of glory, fields of light j 
 Quaff with the Gods immortal wine. 
 And fee adoring nations crowd his flirine: 
 
 The thin remains of Troy's afflid;ed hoft, 
 In diftant realms may feats unenvy'd find. 
 And flourifli on a foreign coafl^ 
 But far be Rome from Troy disjoin'd, 
 
 Remov'd by feas, from the difaftrous (hore, * 
 
 May endlefs billows rife between, and ftorms unnumber'd roar. 
 
 Still let the curfl: detefted place, 
 Where Priam lies, and Priam's faithlels race. 
 Be covered o'er with weeds, and hid in graft. 
 There let the wanton flocks unguarded ftrayj 
 Or, while the lonely (liepherd fings, 
 Amidft the mighty ruins play, • 
 
 And frisk upon the tombs of Kings. 
 
 May 
 
142 Vo "KM s on feveral Oc CAS lo'n^s. 
 
 May Tigers there, and all the favage kind^ 
 Sad folitary haunts, and filent defarts find ; 
 In gloomy vaults, and nooks of palaces. 
 May th'unmolefted Lionefs 
 Her brinded whelps fecurely lay. 
 Or, coucht, in dreadful flumbers wafte the day. 
 
 While Troy in heaps of ruines lyes, 
 Rorfie and the Roman Capitol fhall rife,- 
 Th' illuftrious exiles unconfin'd 
 Shall triumph far and near, and rule mankind. 
 
 In vain the fea's intruding tide 
 Europe from ^fric (hall divide. 
 And part the fever'd world in two: 
 Through ^fr'tc's fands their triumphs they fliall /pread. 
 And the long train of victories purfue 
 To A//^'s yet undifcover'd head. 
 
 Riches the hardy foldier fhall de/pife. 
 And look on gold with un-defiring eyes. 
 Nor the disbowell'd earth explore 
 In fearch of the forbidden ore j 
 Thofe gUtt'ring ills conceal'd within the Mine, 
 Shall lye untouch'd, and innocently fhine. 
 To the laft bounds that nature fets. 
 The piercing colds and fultry heats, 
 The godlike race fhall fpread their arms,- 
 Now fill the polar circle with alarms, 
 'Till ftorms and tempefts their purfuits confine,* 
 Now fweat for conqueft underneath the line. 
 
 This only law the vidor fhall reftrain. 
 On thefe conditions fhall he reign 5 
 
 If 
 
w 
 
 Poems on feveralOccAsio-ii^s, 145 
 
 If none his guilty hand employ- 
 To build again a fecond Troy, 
 If none the ralh defign purfiie, 
 Nor tempt the vengeance of the Gods anew. 
 
 A Curie there cleaves to the devoted place. 
 That (hall the new foundations rafe: 
 Greece (hall in mutual leagues confpire 
 To ftorm the rifing town with fire. 
 And at their armies head my felf will fliow 
 What JunOy urged to all her rage, can do. 
 
 Thrice fhould Apollo's felf the city raife. 
 And line it round with walls of brals, 
 Thrice fliould my fav'rite Greeks his works confound 
 And hew the fhining fabrick to the ground ; 
 Thrice Hiould her captive dames to Greece return, 
 And their dead fons and flaughter'd husbands mourn. 
 
 But hold, my Mule, forbear thy towering flight. 
 Nor bring the fecrets of the Gods to light : 
 In vain would thy prefumptuous verfe 
 Th' immortal rhetoric rehear(e ; 
 The mighty drains, in Lyric numbers bound. 
 Forget their majefty, and lofe their fonnd. 
 
 VI Lh 
 
144 Poems on fever al OccksioY^s, 
 
 V I T>'s Metamorphoses. 
 
 BOOK II: 
 
 The Story of pHAETON.. 
 
 THE Sun's bright palace, on high columns rais'cf. 
 With burnifh'd gold and flaming jewels blaz'd; 
 The folding gates difFus'd a filver light. 
 And with a milder gleam refrefh'd the fight ;• 
 Of poliflfd ivory was the cov'ring wrought: 
 The matter vied not with the fculptor's thought,- 
 For in the portal wa5 difplay'd on high 
 (The work of Vulcan) a fi<5titious sky ; 
 A waving fea th' inferior earth embrac'd. 
 And Gods and GoddefTes the waters grac'd. 
 JEgeon here a mighty whale beftrode j 
 Triton, and Proteus (the deceiving GodJ 
 With Doris here were carv'd, and all her train. 
 Some loofely fwimming in the figur'd main. 
 While fome on rocks their dropping hair divide. 
 And fome on fifhes through the waters glide: 
 Tho' various features did the Sifters grace, 
 A Sifter's likenefs was in ev'ry face. 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions. 145 
 
 On earth a different landskip courts the eyes, 
 
 Men, Towns, and Beafts, in diftant profpeds rife, 
 
 And Nymphs, and Streams, and Woods, and rural Deities. 
 
 O'er all, the Heav'n's refulgent Image {hines ; 
 
 On either gate were fix engraven figns. 
 
 Here Phaeton, ftill gaining on th'afcent, 
 To his fufpcdbed father's palace went, 
 'Till prefling forward through the bright abode. 
 He faw at diftance the illuftrious God : 
 He faw at diftance, or the dazling light 
 Had flafli'd too ftrongly on his aking fight. 
 The God fits high, exalted on a throne 
 Of blazing gems, with purple garments on -y 
 The Hours, in order rang'd on either hand, 
 And Days, and Months, and Years, and Ages, ftand. 
 Here Spring appears with flow'ry chaplets bound ; 
 Here Summer in her wheaten garland crown'd j 
 Here Autumn the rich trodden grapes befmear j 
 And hoary Winter fliivers in the rcer. 
 
 Phoehus beheld the youth from off his throne ; 
 That eye, which looks on all, was fix'd on one. 
 He faw the boy's confufion in his face, 
 Surpriz'd at all the wonders of the place ; 
 And cries aloud, " What wants my Son ? for know 
 " My Son thou att, and I muft call thee fb. 
 
 " Light of the world, the trembling youth replies, 
 " Illuftrious Parent! fince you don't defpife 
 ** The Parent's name, jfbme certain token give, 
 *' That I may Clynene\ proud boaft believe, 
 *' Nor longer under falfe reproaches grieve. 
 
 Vol. I. U The 
 
146 'Po:ems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 The tender fire was touch'd with what he faid. 
 And flung the blaze of glories from his head, 
 And bid the youth advance : " My Son, faid he, 
 " Come to thy Father's arms! for Clymene 
 " Has told thee true ,• a Parent's name I own, 
 " And deem thee worthy to be call'd my Son. 
 " As a fure proof, make Tome requeft, and I, 
 " Whate'er it be, with that requeft comply j 
 " By St'yx I fwear, whofe waves are hid in night, 
 " And roul impervious to my piercing fight. / 
 
 The youth tranfported, asks without delay. 
 To guide the Sun's bright chariot for a day. 
 
 The God repented of the oath he took. 
 For anguifh thrice his radiant head he fliookj 
 " My fbn, fays he, fbme other proof require, 
 '^ Rafh was my promife, rafii is thy defire. 
 " I'd fain deny this wiili which thou hafl: made, 
 *^ Or, what I can't deny, would fain diffwade. 
 ** Too vaft and hazardous the task appears, 
 " Nor fiiited to thy ftrength, nor to thy years. 
 *' Thy lot is mortal, but thy wifiies fly 
 " Beyond the province of mortality: 
 " There is not one of all the Gods that dares 
 *' (However skili'd in other great affairs) 
 " To mount the burning axle-tree, but I; 
 " Not Jove himfelf, the ruler of the sky, 
 ** That hurles the three-fork'd thunder from above, 
 " Dares try his ftrengthj yet who fb flrong as Jove? 
 " The fteeds cHmb up the firfl afcent with pain : 
 " And when the middle firmament they gain, 
 
 "If 
 
tc 
 cc 
 
 « 
 
 ■'7 
 
 Poems e?;; feveral Occasions. 147 
 
 If downward from the heavens my head I bow, 
 
 And fee the earth and ocean hang below, 
 
 Ev'n I am feiz'd with horror and affright, 
 *' And my own heart mifgives me at the fight. 
 *' A mighty downfal fteeps the ev'ning ftage, 
 '* And fteddy reins muft curb the horles' rage. 
 
 Tethys her felf has fear'd to fee me driv'n 
 
 Down headlong from the precipice of heav'n. 
 " Befidcs, confider what impetuous force 
 *' Turns ftars and planets in a different courfe: 
 " I fleer againft their motions ; nor am I 
 *' Born back by all the current of the sky. 
 " But how could You refift the orbs that roul 
 
 In adverfe whirls, and ftem the rapid pole? 
 
 But you perhaps may hope for pleafing woods. 
 
 And flatcly domes, and cities fill'd with Gods ; 
 
 While through a thoufand fnares your progrefs lies, 
 '^ Where forms of flarry Monflers flock the skies : 
 
 For, fliould you hit the doubtful way aright. 
 
 The Bull with flooping horns flands oppofite; 
 
 Next him the bright H<emoman Bow is flrungj 
 
 And next, the Vion'^ grinning vifage hung : 
 
 The Scorp'ionh claws here clafp a wide extent. 
 
 And here the Cray's in leffer clafps are bent. 
 
 Nor would you find it eafie to compofe 
 " The mettled fleeds, when from their noflrils flows 
 
 The fcorching fire, that in their entrails glows. 
 
 Ev'n I their head-flrong fury fcarce reftrain. 
 
 When they grow warm and refliff to the rein. 
 
 U 2 " Let 
 
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 148 Poems on fe-veral Occasions. 
 
 *' Let not my fon a fatal gift require, j 
 
 But, O? in time, recall your rafti defire j 
 
 You ask a gift that may your Parent tell. 
 
 Let thefe my fears your parentage reveal; 
 
 And learn a Father from a Father's care: 
 
 Look on my face ,• or if my heart lay bare, 
 
 Could you but look, you'd read the Father there. 
 
 Chufe out a gift from feas, or earth, or skies. 
 
 For open to your wifh all nature lies. 
 
 Only decline this one unequal task. 
 
 For 'tis a Mifchief, not a Gift you ask ,- 
 
 You ask a real Mifchief, Phaeton : 
 
 Nay hang not thus about my neck, my Son : 
 
 I grant your wifh, and Styx has heard my voice, 
 *' Chufe what you will, but make a wifer choice. 
 
 Thus did the God th' unwary youth advife; 
 But he ftill longs to travel through the skies. 
 When the fond Father (for in vain he pleads) 
 At length to the Vulcantan chariot leads* 
 A golden axle did the work uphold. 
 Gold was the beam, the wheels were orb'd with golcf. 
 The fpokes in rows of filver pleas'd the fight. 
 The feat with parti-colour'd gems was bright,- 
 Apollo fhin'd amid the glare of light. 
 The youth with fecret joy the work furveys ; 
 When now the morn difclos'd her purple rays j 
 The ftars were fled ; for Lucifer had chafe'd 
 The {lars away, and fled himfelf at laflr. 
 Soon as the Father faw the rofy morn, 
 And the mooa fhining with a blunter horny 
 
 He 
 
w 
 
 Poems on fe'veral Occksio'^s. 149 
 
 He bid the nimble Hours without delay 
 Bring forth the fteeds j the nimble Hours obey ,• 
 From their full racks the gen'rous fteeds retire, 
 Dropping ambrofial foams, and fnorting fire. 
 Still anxious for his Son, the God of day. 
 To make him proof againft the burning ray. 
 His temples with celeftial ointment wet^ 
 Of fov'raign virtue to repel the heat ; 
 Then fix'd the beamy circle on his head, 
 And fetch'd a deep foreboding figh, and faid, 
 
 " Take this at leaft, this laft advice, my Son : 
 
 Keep a ftiff rein, and move but gently on : "V 
 
 The courfers of themfelves will run too faft, 
 
 Your art muft be to moderate their hafte. 
 
 Drive 'em not on Diredly through the skies. 
 
 But where the Zodiac's winding circle lies. 
 
 Along the midmoft Zone^ but fally forth • 
 
 Nor to the diftant fouth, nor ftormy north. 
 
 The horfes' hoofs a beaten track will fhow. 
 
 But neither mount too high, nor fink too low, 
 
 That no new fires or heaven or earth infeft; 
 
 Keep the mid way, the middle way is beft. 
 
 Nor, where in radiant folds the Serpent twines, 
 
 Dire(5t your courfe, nor where the j^ltar fhines. 
 
 Shun both extremes j the reft let Fortune gij^de. 
 
 And better for thee than thy felf provide? 
 
 See, while I fpeak, the fhades difperfe away,. 
 
 Aurora gives the promife of a day ,• 
 ** Tm call'd, nor can I make a longer ftay. 
 
 " Snatch 
 
lyo Poems on feveral Occasioi^js, 
 
 *' Snatch up the reins ,• or ftill th' attempt forfake, 
 " And not my Chariot, but my Counfel take, 
 ** While yet fecurely on the earth you (land,- 
 " Nor touch the horfes with too raih a hand. 
 *' Let Me alone to Hght the world, while you 
 '^ Enjoy thofe beams which you may fafely view. 
 He fpoke in vain ; the youth with ad;ive heat 
 And fprightly vigour vaults into the featj 
 And joys to hold the reins, and fondly gives 
 Thofe thanks his Father with rcmorfe receives. 
 Mean while the reftlefs horfes neigh'd aloud. 
 Breathing out fire, and pawing where they ftood, 
 Telhys, not knowing what had paft, gave way, 
 And all the wade of heaven before 'em lay. 
 They fpring together out, and fwifdy bear 
 The flying youth through clouds and yielding air j 
 With wingy fpeed outfti-ip the eaftern wind, 
 And leave the breezes of the morn behind. 
 The Youth was light, nor could he fill the feat. 
 Or poife the chariot with its wonted weight : 
 But as at fea th' unbaliafs'd veffel rides, 
 Caft to and fro, the fport of winds and tides ; 
 So in the bounding chariot tofs'd on high. 
 The Youth is hurry'd headlong through the sky. 
 Soon as the fte^iis perceive it, they forfake 
 Their ftated courfe, and leave the beaten track. 
 The Youth was in a maze, nor did he know 
 Which way to turn the reins, or where to go ; 
 Nor wou'd the horfes, had he known, obey. 
 Then the Seven fiars firft felt Apollo's ray, 
 And wifli'd to dip in the forbidden fea. 
 
 8 The 
 
J 
 
 Poems on fe'veral Occasions, 151 
 
 The folded Serpent next the frozen pole. 
 
 Stiff and benum'd before, began to roll. 
 
 And rage'd with inward heat, and threaten'd war. 
 
 And fliot a redder light from every ftar j 
 
 Nay, and 'tis faid, Bootes too, that fain 
 
 Thou would'ft: have fled, tho' cumber'd with thy Wain. 
 
 Th' unhappy Youth then, bending down his head. 
 Saw earth and ocean far beneath him fpread: 
 His colour chang'd, he ftartled at the fight. 
 And his eyes darken'd by too great a light. 
 Now could he wi{h the fiery fteeds untry'd. 
 His birth obfcure, and his requeft deny'd : 
 Now would he Merops for his Father own. 
 And quit his boafted kindred to the Sun, 
 
 So fares the Pilot, when his fhip is tofi: 
 In troubled feas, and all its fteerage loft. 
 He gives her to the winds, and in defpair 
 Seeks his laft refiige in the Gods and Prayer, 
 
 What cou'd he do ? his eyes, if backward caft. 
 Find a long path he had already paft ,• 
 If forward, ftill a longer path they find : 
 Both he compares, and mcafures in his mind ; 
 And fometimes cafts an eye upon the Eaft, 
 And fometimes looks on the forbidden Weft. 
 The horfe's Names he knew not in the fright: 
 Nor wou'd he loofe the reins, nor cou'd he hold 'em tight. 
 
 Now all the horrors of the heavens he fpies. 
 And monftrous fiiadows of prodigious fize, 
 That, deck'd with ftars, lie fcatter'd o'er the skies. 
 
 There 
 
15c Poems on federal OccAsioi^s. 
 
 There is a place above, where Scorpio bent 
 In tail and arms furrounds a vaft e5^^i•ntJ 
 In a wide circuit of the heavens ht .liines, 
 And fills the fpace of two celeftial fiirns. 
 Soon as the Youth beheld him, vex'd with heat, 
 Brandifli hiis fting, and in his poifon fweat, 
 Half dead with fudden fear he dropt the reins ; 
 The horfes felt 'em loofe upon their mains. 
 And, flying out through all the plains above. 
 Ran uncontroul'd where-e'er their fury drove, 
 Rufh'd on the ftars, and through a pathlefs way 
 Of unknown regions hurry'd on the day. 
 And now above, and now below they flew. 
 And near the Earth the burning chariot drew. 
 
 The clouds difperfe in fumeSj the wond 'ring Moon 
 Beholds her brother's fteeds beneath her own ,• 
 The highlands fmoak, cleft by the piercing rays. 
 Or, clad with woods, in their own fewel blaze. 
 Next o'er the plains, where ripen'd harvefts grow. 
 The running conflagration fpreads below. 
 But thefe are trivial ills : whole cities burn. 
 And peopled kingdoms into aflies turn. 
 
 The mountains kindle as the Car draws near, 
 Ahos and Tmolus red with fires appear ^ 
 Oeagr'ian Hamm (then a fingle name) 
 And virgin Helicon increafe the flame j 
 Taurm and Oete glare amid the sky. 
 And Ida, fp'ght of all her fountains, dry. 
 Rt'^x, and Oth/ySj and Citharon, glow ,• 
 And RhodopCy no longer cloath'd in fnowj 
 
 8 High 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occksicii^s. 153 
 
 High Pwdus, Mimasy and Parrtt^ffuSf fweat. 
 And Mtna rages with redoubled heat. 
 Even Scyth'mj through her hoary regions warm'd. 
 In vain with all her native froft was arm'd. 
 Gover'd with flames, the tow'ring Appenmne, 
 And CaucafuSy and proud Olympus^ fhine ; 
 And, where the long-extended ^f^lpes afpire, 
 Now (lands a huge continu'd range of fire. 
 
 Th' aftoniflit Youth, where-e'er his eyes cou'd turn. 
 Beheld the Univerfe around him burn : 
 The World was in a blaze; nor could he bear 
 The fultry vapours and the fcorching air, 
 Which from below, as from a furnace, flow'dj 
 And now the axle-tree beneath him glow'd : 
 Loft in the whirling clouds, that round him broke, 
 And vvhit^ with afties, hov'ring in the fmoke. 
 He flew where-e'er the Horfes drove, nor knew 
 Whither the Horfes drove, or where he flew. 
 
 'Twas then, they fay, the fwarthy Moor begun 
 To change his hue, and Blacken in the fun. 
 Then Libya firft, of all her moifture drain'd, 
 Became a barren wafte, a wild of Sand. 
 The Water-nymphs lament their empty urns, 
 Boeotia, robb'd of filver DircCy mourns, 
 Corinth Pyrenes wafted fpring bewails. 
 And Argos grieves whilft Amymone fails. 
 
 The floods are drain'd from every diftant coaft, 
 Even TanaiSy tho' fix'd in ice, was loft. 
 Enrage'd Ca'icus r.ad Lycormas roar. 
 And XanthuSy fated to be burnt once more. 
 
 Vol. I. X The 
 
154 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 • 
 
 The ftm'd Maander, that unweary'd ftrays 
 
 Through mazy windings, fmokes in every maze. 
 
 From his lov'd Babylon Euphrates flies ,- 
 
 The big-fwoln Ganges and the Danube rife 
 
 In thick'ning fumes, and darken half the skies. 
 
 In flames Ifmenos and the Phafis roul'd, 
 
 And Tagus floating in his melted gold. 
 
 The Swans, that on Cayjler often try'd 
 
 Their tuneful fongs, now fung their laft and dy'd. 
 
 The frighted Nile ran off, and under ground 
 
 Conceal'd his head, nor can it yet be found : 
 
 His feven divided currents all are dry. 
 
 And where they roul'd, feven gaping trenches lye. 
 
 No more the Rhine or Rhone their courfe maintain. 
 
 Nor Tiber J of his promis'd empire, vain. 
 
 The ground, deep-cleft, admits the dazling ray. 
 And fliartles Pluto with the flafh of day. 
 The feas flirink in, and to the fight difclofe 
 Wide naked plains, where once their billows rofe ; 
 Their rocks are all difcover'd, and encreafe 
 The number of the fcatter'd Cyclades, 
 The fifli in llioles about the bottom creep, 
 Nor longer dares the crooked Dolphin leap : 
 Gafping for breath, th' unfhapen Phoca die,, 
 And on the boiling wave extended lye. 
 Nereus, and Dork with her virgin train, 
 Seek out the laft Teceffes of the main ; 
 Beneath unfathomable depths they faint. 
 And fecret in their gloomy caverns pant. 
 
 Stern 
 

 Poems on fe'veral Occasions. 155 
 
 Stern Neptune thrice above the waves upheld 
 His face, and thrice was by the flames repeli'd. 
 
 Th.Q Earth at length, on every fide embrace'd 
 With fcalding feas, that floated round her waift, 
 "When now (he felt the fprings and rivers come, 
 And crowd within the hollow of her womb. 
 Up-lifted to the heavens her blafted head. 
 And clapt her hand upon her brows, and faidj 
 (But fiift impatient of the fultry heat. 
 Sunk deeper down, and fought a cooler feat : ) 
 " If you, great King of Gods, my death approve, 
 " And I defer ve it, let me die by Jove ^ 
 
 If I muft perifli by the force of fire. 
 
 Let me transfix'd with thunderbolts expire. 
 " See, whilll I fpeak, my breath the vapours 'choke^ 
 (For now her face lay wrapt in clouds of fmoke) 
 *' See my finge'd hair, behold my faded eye, 
 *' And wither'd face, where heaps of cinders lye! 
 " And does the plow for this my body tear? 
 *^ This the reward for all the fruits I bear, 
 " Tortur'd with rakes, and harafs'd all the year ? 
 " That herbs for cattle daily I renew, 
 *' And food for man, and frankincenfe for you ? 
 " But grant Me guilty j what has Neptune done ? 
 ** Why are his waters boiling in the fun ? 
 *' The wavy empire, which by lot was given, 
 " Why does it wafte, and further (brink from heaven? 
 *' If I nor He your pity can provoke, 
 
 See your own Heavens, the heavens begin to fmoke.' 
 
 X 2 '' Shou'd 
 
 (C 
 
\ 
 
 156 Poems on feveral Occksio-^s, 
 
 Shou'd once the fparkles catch thofe bright abodes, 
 
 Deftrudtion feizes on the heavens and gods; 
 
 y^tlas becomes unequal to his freight, 
 
 And almoft faints beneath the glowing weight. 
 
 If heaven, and earth, and Tea, together burn, 
 
 All mud again into their chaos turn. 
 
 Apply feme fpeedy cure, prevent our fate. 
 
 And fuccour nature, e'er it be too late. 
 She ceas'd j for choak'd with vapours round her fpread, 
 Down to the deepeft fhades fhe funk her head. 
 
 Jove call'd to witnefs every Power above. 
 And even the God, whofe Son the Chariot drove. 
 That what he a6ts he is compell'd to do. 
 Or univerfal ruine muft enfue. 
 Strait he afcends the high Ethereal throne, 
 From whence he us'd to dart his thunder down, 
 From whence his (liowers and ftorms he us'd to pour. 
 But now could meet with neither ftorm nor (hower. 
 Then, aiming at the youth, with lifted hand, 
 Full at his head he hurl'd the forky brand. 
 In dreadful thund'rings. Thus th' Almighty Sire 
 Supprefs'd the raging of the fires with fire. 
 
 At once from life, and from the chariot driven, 
 Th' ambitious boy fell thunder-ftruck from heaven. 
 The horfes darted with a fudden bound. 
 And flung the reins and chariot to the ground: 
 The ftudded harnefs from their necks they broke. 
 Here fell a wheel, and here a filver fpoke. 
 Here were the beam and axle torn away j 
 Andj fcatter'd o'er the earth, the fhining fragments lay. 
 
 The 
 
w 
 
 Poems on feveral OccAsioi^s. 157 
 
 The breathlefs PhaetoHj with flaming hair. 
 Shot from the chariot, Hke a falling ftar. 
 That in a fummer's evening from the top 
 Of heaven drops down, or feems at lead to drop j 
 'Till on the Po his blafted corps was hurl'd, 
 Far from his country, in the weftern world. 
 
 Phaeton 'i Sifiers transform d into Trees, 
 
 The Lat'tan nymphs came round him, and amaz'd 
 On the dead youth, ti^sfix'd with thunder, gaz'd j 
 And, whilft yet fmoSkmg from the bolt he lay. 
 His fliatter'd body to a tomb convey, 
 And o'er the tomb an epitaph devife : 
 ** Here he who drove the Sun's bright chariot lies ,* 
 ** His Father's fiery fteeds he could not guide, 
 " But in the glorious enterprize he dy'd. 
 
 /Apollo hid his face, and pin'd for grief^ 
 And, if the ftory may deferve belief. 
 The fpace of One whole day is faid to run, 
 From morn to wonted even, without a Sun : 
 The burning ruincs, with a fainter ray, 
 Supply the Sun, and counterfeit a day, 
 A day, that ftill did nature's face difclofe: 
 This comfort from the mighty mifchief rofe. 
 
 But Cl<ymeney enrage'd with grief laments. 
 And as her grief infpires, her paflion vents : 
 Wild for her Son, and frantick in her woes. 
 With hair diflievel'd, round the world fhe goes. 
 
 To 
 
158 Poems on fn^ral OccAsioiiJs. 
 
 To feek where-e'er his body might be caft ; 
 'Till, on the borders of the Po, at lafl: 
 The name infcrib'd on the new tomb appears. 
 The dear dear name {he bathes in flowing tears. 
 Hangs o'er the tomb, unable to depart, 
 And hugs the marble to her throbbing heart. 
 
 Her daughters too lament, and figh, and mourn, 
 (A fruitlels tribute to their brother's urn) 
 And beat their naked bofbms, and complain. 
 And call aloud for Phaetcm in vain : 
 All the long night their mournful wa*h they keep, 
 And all the day ftand round the tomb, ^d weep. 
 
 Four times, revolving, the full Moon return'dj 
 So long the mother, and the daughters mourn'd j 
 When now the eldeft, Phaethufa^ drove 
 To reft her weary limbs, but could not move ; 
 Lampetta would have help'd her, but (he found 
 Her felf with-held, and rooted to the ground : 
 A third in wild afflidion, as (he grieves. 
 Would rend her hair, but fills her hand with Leaves ; 
 One kes her thighs transform'd, another views 
 Her arms fhot out, and branching into boughs. 
 And now their legs, and breafts, and bodies ftood 
 Crufted with bark, and hard'ning into wood,- 
 But ftill above were female heads difplay'd. 
 And mouths, that call'd the Mother to their aid. 
 What could, alas ! the weeping mother do ? 
 From this to that with eager hafte fhe flew. 
 And kifs'd her fprouting daughters as they grew. 
 
 8 She 
 
Fo^us on feveral Occasions. 159 
 
 She tears the bark that to each body cleaves. 
 And from their verdant fingers ftrips the leaves : 
 The blood came trickh'ng, where rtie tore away 
 The leaves and bark : The maids were heard to fay, 
 " Forbear, miftaken Parent, Oh ! forbear ; 
 " A wounded daughter in each tree you tear ; 
 " Farewel for ever." Here the bark encreas'd, 
 Clos'd on their faces, and their words fupprefs'd. 
 
 The new-made trees in tears of Amber run. 
 Which, harden'd into value by the Sun, 
 Diftill for ever on the ftreams below: 
 The Hmpid ftreams their radiant treafure fliow, 
 Mixt in the fand ; whence the rich drops convey'd 
 Shine in the drefs of the bright Lat'tan maid. 
 
 ^he Transformation of Cycnus into a Swan, 
 
 Cycms beheld the Nymphs transform'd, ally'd 
 To their dead brother on the mortal fide. 
 In friendftiip and affedlion nearer bound j 
 He left the cities and the realms he own'd. 
 Thro' pathlefs fields and lonely (hores to range. 
 And woods, made thicker by the fifters' change* 
 Whilft here, within the difnial gloom, alone. 
 The melancholy Monarch made his moan. 
 His voice was leflen'd, as he try'd to fpeak. 
 And iifu'd through a long extended neck ; 
 His hair transforms to down, his fingers meet 
 In skinny films, and (hape his oary feet j 
 
 From 
 
\ 
 
 160 Poems on feveral Occasiot<:s. 
 
 From both his fides the wings and feathers break ; 
 
 And from his mouth proceeds a blunted beak : 
 
 All Cycrim now into a Swan was turn'd, 
 
 Who, ftiJi remembring how his kinfman burn'd. 
 
 To (blitary pools and lakes retires^ 
 
 And loves the waters as oppos'd to fires. 
 
 Mean-while /Apollo in a gloomy {hade 
 (The native luftre of his brows decay'd) 
 Indulging forrow, fickens at the fight 
 Of his own Sun-fliine, and abhors the light: 
 The hidden griefs, that in his bofom rife. 
 Sadden his looks, and over-caft his eyes, 
 As when fbme dusky orb obftrudts his ray, 
 And fullies, in a dim eclipfe, the day. 
 
 Now fecretly with inward griefs he pin'd. 
 Now warm refentments to his grief he joyn'd. 
 And now renounc'd his office to mankind. 
 
 E'er fince the birth of Time, faid he, I've born 
 
 A long ungrateful toil without return ,• 
 
 Let now fome other manage, if he dare, 
 
 The fiery ftceds and mount the burning Carr; 
 
 Or, if none elfe, let Jov^ his fortune try," 
 
 And learn to lay his murd'ring thunder by j 
 
 Then will he own, perhaps, but own too late, i 
 
 My Son deferv'd not fo fevere a fate. 
 
 The Gods ftand round him, as he mourns, and pray 
 He would refume the condud of the day. 
 Nor let the world be loft in endlefs night : 
 Jove too himfelf, defcending from his height, 
 
 8 Excufes 
 
 <c 
 
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 Poems on fever al OccAsi'ti^s, i6i 
 
 Excufes what had happen'd, and inti-eats, 
 Majeftically mixing prayers and threats. 
 Prevail'd upon at length, again he took 
 The harnefs'd fteeds, that ftill with horror fliook, 
 And phes 'em with the larti, and whips 'em on. 
 And, as he whips, upbraids 'em with his Son. 
 
 > . The St-orj of C A L I S T O. 
 
 The day was fettled in its courfe ; and Jove 
 Walk'd the wide circuit of the heavens above. 
 To fearch if any cracks or flaws were made ^ 
 But all was fafe : The earth he then furvey'd. 
 And caft an eye on every diflFerent coaft. 
 And every land ; but on Arcadia mod. 
 Her fields he cloath'd, and chear'd her blafted face 
 With running fountains, and with fpringing grafs. 
 No tracks of heaven's deftru(5tive fire remain. 
 The fields and woods revive, and Nature fmiles again. 
 
 But as the God walk'd to and fro the earth. 
 And rais'd the plants, and gave the fpring its birth. 
 By chance a fair Arcadian Nymph he vicw'd, 
 And felt the lovely charmer in his blood. 
 The Nymph nor fpun, nor drefs'd with artful pride j 
 Her veft was gather'd up, her hair was ty'd ,• 
 Now in her hand a (lender fpear (he bore. 
 Now a light quiver on her flioulders wore,- 
 To chad Diana from her youth inclin'd 
 The fprightly warriors of the wood (lie join'd. 
 
 Vol, L Y Diana 
 
V 
 
 i62 Poems on fever al Occasions. 
 
 Diana too the gentle huntrefs lov'd, 
 Nor was there one of all the nymphs that rov'd 
 O'er Mayialmy amid the maiden throng, 
 More favour'd once ^ but favour lads not long. 
 
 The Sun now flione in all its ftrength, and drove 
 The heated virgin panting to a grove ,• 
 The grove around a grateful fhadow cafi: : 
 She dropt her arrows, and her bow unbrace'd; 
 She flung her felf on the cool grafly bed j 
 And on the painted quiver rais'd her head. 
 Jcve faw the charming huntrcfs unprepar'd, 
 Stretch'd on the verdant turf, without a guard. 
 *' Here I am fafe, he cries, from Jum'% eye; 
 '' Or fliiould my jealous Queen the theft defcry, 
 *^ Yet would I venture on a theft like this, 
 *' And {land her rage for fuch, for fuch a blifs ! 
 Diana's ihape and habit ftrait he took, 
 Soften'd his brows, and fmooth'd his awful look. 
 And mildly in a female accent /poke. 
 *' How fares my girl? How went the morning chafe? 
 To whom the virgin, flatting from the grafs, 
 " All-hail, bright deity, whom I prefer 
 " To Jove himfelf, iho' Jove himfelf were here. 
 The God was nearer than flie thought, and heard 
 Well-pleas'd himfelf before himfelf preferr'd. 
 
 He then falutes her with a warm embrace,- 
 And, e'er fhe half had told the morning chafe, 
 With love enflam'd, and eager on his blifs, 
 Smother'd her words, and flop'd her with a kifs; 
 
 His 
 
• :7 
 
 Poems on Jeveral Occas\ oh s, 163 
 
 His kiife? with unwonted ardour glow'd. 
 
 Nor could Diana's fliape conceal the God. 
 
 The virgin did whate'er a virgin cou'd ; 
 
 (Sure J-tmo muft have pardon'd, had (he view'd) 
 
 With all her might againft his force (he ftrove ; 
 
 But how can mortal maids contend with Jove / 
 
 PolTefl: at length o what his heart defir'd, 
 Back to his heavens th'exultino; God retir'd. 
 The lovely huntrefs, rifing from the grafs, 
 With down-caft eyes, and with a blufhing face, 
 By fhame confounded, and by fear difmay'd. 
 Flew from the covert of the guilty fliade. 
 And almoft, in the tumult of her mind, . 
 Left her forgotten bow and fliafts behind. 
 But now Diana^ with a fprightly train 
 Of quivcr'd virgins, bounding o'er the plain, 
 Call'd to the Nymph j the Nymph began to fear 
 A fecond fraud, a Jove difguis'd in Her,- 
 But, when (he faw the fifter Nymphs, fupprefs'd 
 Her rifing fears, and mingled with the reft. 
 
 How in the look does confcious guilt appear ! 
 Slowly file mov'd, and loitcr'd in the rearj 
 Nor lightly tripp'd, nor by the goddefs ran, 
 As once flie us'd, the forcmoft of the train. 
 Her looks were flufli'd, and fullen was her mien, 
 That fure the virgin goddels (had (he been 
 Aught but a virgin) muft the guilt have feen. 
 'Tis faid the Nymphs faw all, and guefs'd aright : 
 And now the Moon had nine times loft her light, 
 
 Y z When 
 
\ 
 
 164 Poems on fe-veral Occasions, 
 
 When DiaHj fainting in the mid-day beams, 
 Found a cool covert, and refre{liing ftreams 
 That in foft murmurs through the forefl: flow'd, 
 And a fmooth bed of fliining gravel ibow'd. 
 
 A covert fo obfcure, and ftreams fo clear, 
 The goddcis prais'd : " And now no fpies are near, 
 " Let's ftrip, my gentle maids, and wafli, (lie cries. 
 Pleas'd with the motion, every maid complies j 
 Only the blufliing huntrefs ftood confus'd. 
 And form'd delays, and her delays excus'd ; 
 In vain excus'd : her fellows round her prefs'd. 
 And the reludant Nymph by force undrets'd. 
 The naked huntrefs all her ftiame reveal'd, 
 In vain her hands the pregnant womb conceal'd ^ 
 " Begone! the goddefs cries with ftern difdain, 
 *' Begone ! nor dare the hallow'd ftream to ftain : 
 She fled, for-ever banifh'd from the train. 
 
 This Jfd^o heard, who long had watch'd her time 
 To punifli the detefted rival's crime j 
 The time was come : for, to enrage her more, 
 A lovely boy the teeming rival bore. 
 
 The goddefs caft a furious look, and cry'd, 
 " It is enough! I'm fully fatisfy'd! 
 " This boy {hall ftand a living mark, to prove 
 *' My husband's bafenels, and the ftrumpet's love : 
 *' But vengeance fhall awake : thofe guilty charms, 
 *' That drew the Thunderer from Jimo's arms, 
 *' No longer fhall their wonted force retain, 
 *' Nor pleafe the God, nor make the Mortal vain. 
 
 This 
 
7 
 
 Poems on fez^eral Occasions. i6^ 
 
 This faid, her, hand within her hair flie wound, 
 Swung her to earth, and drag'd her on the ground : 
 The proftrate wretch lifts up her arms in prayer ^ 
 Her arms grow fhaggy, and deform'd with hair. 
 Her nails are fharpen'd into pointed claws, 
 Her hands bear half her weight, and turn to pawsj 
 Her lips, that once could tempt a God, begin 
 To grow diftorted in an ugly grin. 
 And, left the fupplicating brute might reach 
 The ears of Jove, (lie was depriv'd of fpeech : 
 Her furly voice thro' a hoarfe pafTage came 
 In favage founds : her mind was ftill the fame. 
 The furry monfter fix'd her eyes above, 
 A nd heav'd her new* unwieldy paws to Jove, 
 And beg'd his aid with inward groans ,• and tho' 
 She could not call him falfe, rtie thought him (o. 
 
 How did file fear to lodge in woods alone. 
 And haunt the fields and meadows once her own? 
 How often would the deep-mouth'd dogs purfue, 
 Whilft from her hounds the frighted huntre(s flew? 
 How did (lie fear her fellow-brutes, and fhun 
 The fliaggy Bear, tho' now her fdf was one! 
 How from the fight of rugged Wolves retire. 
 Although the grim hyaon was her Sixe! 
 
 But now her fon had fifteen fiimmers told. 
 Fierce at the chafe, and in the foreft bold j 
 When, as he beat the woods in queft of prey. 
 He chanc'd to rouze his mother where fiie lay. 
 She knew her fon, and kept him in her fight. 
 And fondly gaz'd: The boy was in a fright. 
 
 And 
 
i66 Poems on fever al OccKsio-^s, 
 
 And aim'd a pointed arrow at her bread, 
 And would have flain his mother in the bead,- 
 But Jove forbad, and fnatch'd 'em through the air 
 In whirlwinds up to heaven, and fix'd 'em there: 
 Where the new Conftellations nightly rife, 
 And add a luftre to the northern skies. 
 
 When Juno faw the rival in her height. 
 Spangled. with ftars, and circled round with light. 
 She fought old Ocean in his deep abodes, 
 And Teth'ys ; both rever'd among the Gods. 
 They ask what brings her there: " Ne'er ask, fays flie, 
 " What brings me here, Heaven is no place for me. 
 " You'll fee, when night has cover 'd all things o'er, 
 " Jove's ftarry baflard and triumphant whore 
 
 Ufurp the heavens j you'll fee 'em proudly roul 
 
 In their new orbs, and brighten all the pole. 
 
 And who (hall now on Juno's, altars wait, 
 " When thofe fhe hates grow greater by her hate? 
 " I on the Nymph a brutal form imprefs'd, 
 " Jove to a goddefs has transform'd the bead,- 
 " This, this was all my weak revenge could do: 
 ^' But let the God his chafte amours purfue, 
 " And, as he aded after /o's rape, 
 " Reftore th' adult'refs to her former fhapej • 
 
 *^ Then may he caft his Juno off, and lead 
 " The great L'ycaon's off-fpring to his bed. ■--, 
 
 *' But you, ye venerable powers, be kind, 
 " And, if my wrongs a due refentment find, 
 " Receive not in your waves their fetting beams, 
 " Nor let the glaring ftrumpet taint your ftreams, 
 
 8 The 
 
 
Poems on fever al O c c A s i^n s. j (^j 
 
 The goddcfs ended, and her wifli was given. 
 Back {lie return d in triumph up to heaven ,• 
 Her gawdy Peacocks drew her through the skies. 
 Their tails were (potted with a thoufand Eyes ^ 
 The Eyes of Argus on their tails were rang'd, 
 At the fame time the Raven's colour chang'd. 
 
 The Story of C o R O N I S, an^ Birth of 
 ^CULAPIUS 
 
 The Raven once in fnowy plumes was dreft, 
 White as the whiteft Dove's unfully'd breaft. 
 Fair as the guardian of the Capitol, 
 Soft as the Swan ; a large and lovely fowl ,• 
 His tongue, his prating tongue had chang'd him quite 
 To fboty blacknefs from the purefl: white. 
 
 The ftory of his change fliall here be told j 
 In Tloeffaly there liv'd a Nymph of old, 
 Coroms nam'd ; a peerlefs maid {lie fliin'd, 
 Confcft the fairefl: of the fairer kind. 
 Apollo lov'd her, 'till her guilt he knew. 
 While true flie was, or whilft: he ihought her true. 
 But his own bird the Raven chance'd to find 
 The falfe one with a fecret rival join'd. 
 Coroms begg'd him to flipprefs the tale, 
 But could not with repeated prayers prevail. ' 
 
 His milk-white pinions to the God he ply'd ,• 
 The bufy Daw flew with him, fide by fide. 
 And by a thoufand teizing c[ueftions drew 
 Th' important fecret from him as they flew. 
 
 The 
 
i68 VoEMs on federal Occ Asio't^s. 
 
 The Daw gave honed counfel, tho' defpis'd. 
 And, tedious in her tattle, thus advis'd 
 
 " Stay, filly bird, th' ill-natur'd task refufe, 
 '^ Nor be thq bearer of unwelcome news. 
 " Be warn'd by my example : you difcern 
 *' What now I am, and what I was fhall learn. 
 *' My foolifh honefty was all my crime ,• 
 *' Then hear my ftory. Once upon a time, 
 " The two-fliap'd Eritihon'tm had his birth 
 *' (Without a mother) from the teeming earth j 
 *' M'merva nuis'd him, and the infant laid 
 *^ Within a cheft, of twining ofiers made. 
 *' The daughters of King Cecrops undertook 
 " To guard the cheft, commanded not to look 
 " On what was hid within. I ftood to fee 
 
 The charge obey'd, perch'd on a neighb'ring tree. 
 
 The fifters Pandrofos and Herse keep 
 
 The ftrid: command j A^auros needs would peep, 
 
 And faw the monftrous infant in a fright, 
 " And call'd her fifters to the hideous fight : 
 *' A Boy's foft ftiape did to the waift prevail, 
 *' But the boy ended in a Dragon's tail. 
 " I told the ftern M'merva all that pafs'd, 
 '' But for my pains, difcarded and difgrace'd, 
 " The frowning goddefs drove me from her fight, 
 " And for her favorite chofe the bird of night. 
 " Be then no tell-tale j for I think my wrong 
 *' Enough to teach a bird to hold her tongue. 
 
 *' But you, perhaps, may think I was remov'd, 
 " As never by the heavenly maid belov'd : 
 
 8 *' But 
 
 ii 
 
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 7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions, 169 
 
 '^ But I was lov'd ; ask Pallas if I lye j 
 
 " Tho' Pallas hate me now, fhe won't deny : 
 
 " For I, whom in a feather'd fliape you view. 
 
 Was once a Maid (by heav'n the ftory's true) 
 
 A. blooming maid, and a King's daughter too. 
 
 A crowd of lovers own'd my beauty's charms ; 
 
 My beauty was the caufe of all my harms ; 
 " Neptune as on his Aiores I went to rove, 
 *' Obferv'd me in my walks, and fell in love. 
 " He made his courtfliip, he confefs'd his pain, 
 ** And ofFer'd force when all his arts were vain ; 
 ** Swift he purfu'd : I ran along the ftrand, 
 ** 'Till, fpent and weary'd on the finking fand, 
 *' I fhriek'd aloud, with cries I fill'd the air 
 *' To gods and men ,• nor god nor man was there ; 
 *' A virgin goddefs heard a virgin's prayer, 
 ** For, as my arms I lifted to the skies, 
 *' I faw black feathers from my fingers rife ; 
 " I ftrove to fling my garment on die ground; 
 *' My garment turn'd to Plumes, and girt me round: 
 " My hands to beat my naked boibm try; ««^ 
 
 " Nor naked bofom now nor hands had I. 
 
 Lightly I trip, nor weary as before 
 
 Sunk in the fand, but skim'd along the fliorc; 
 
 'Till, rifing on my Wings, I was prefer'd 
 
 To be the chafte Minerva's virgin bird : 
 
 Prefer'd in vain ! I now am in dilgrace : 
 " N'^Bimene the Owl enjoys my place. 
 
 " On her inceftuous life I need not dwell, 
 *' (In Leshos ftill the horrid tale they tell) 
 
 Vol. I. Z *'And 
 
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 170 Poems on federal Occasions. 
 
 And of her dire amours you muft have heard, 
 For which {lie now does penance in a Bird, 
 That, confcious of her fliame, avoids the light. 
 And loves the gloomy cov'ring of the night ; 
 The Birds, where-e'er {lie flutters, fcare away 
 The hooting wretch, and drive her from the day. 
 The Raven, urge'd by fuch impertinence. 
 Grew pafTionate, it feems, and took offence. 
 And curft the harmlefs Daw ; the Daw withdrew: 
 The Raven to her injur'd patron flew. 
 And found him out, and told the fatal truth 
 Of falfe Coroms and the favour'd youth. 
 
 The God was wroth ^ the colour left his look. 
 The wreath his head, the harp his hand forfook : 
 His filver bow and feather'd {hafts he took. 
 And lodg'd an arrow in the tender breafl:. 
 That had fo often to his own been preft. 
 Down fell the wounded Nymph, and fadly groan'd. 
 And puU'd his arrow reeking from the wound,- 
 And weltring in her blood, thus faintly cry'd, 
 Ah f ruel God ! tho' I have juftly dy'd, 
 What has, alas! my unborn Infant done. 
 That He Ihould fall, and two expire in one? 
 This faid, in agonies rtie fetch'd her breath. 
 
 The God diflolves in pity at her death ; 
 He hates the bird that made her falfhood known. 
 And hates himfelf for what himfelf had done ; 
 The feather'd fliaft, that fent her to the fates, 
 And his own hand, that fent the fhaft, he hates. 
 
 
 Fain 
 
b 
 
 VoEMs on feveral Oc CAST oi>:s. 171 
 
 Fain would he heal the wound, and eafe her pain, 
 And tries the compafs of his art in vain. 
 Soon as he faw the lovely Nymph expire, 
 The pile made ready, and the kindling fire, 
 With fighs and groans her obfequies he kept, 
 And, if a God could Weep, the God had Wept. 
 Her corps he kifs'd, and heavenly incenfe brought, 
 And folemniz'd the death himfelf had wrought. 
 
 But, left his off-fpring fhould her fate partake, 
 Spight of th' immortal mixture in his make. 
 He ript her womb, and fet the child at large, 
 And gave him to the Centaur Chiron's charge ; 
 Then in his fury Black'd the Raven o'er, 
 And bid him prate in his White plumes no more. 
 
 OcYRRHOE transform d to a Mare» 
 
 Old Chiron took the babe with fecret joy. 
 Proud of the charge of the celeftial boy. 
 His daughter too, whom on the Tandy fhore 
 The Nymph Char'ido to the Centaur bore. 
 With hair diflievel'd on her ftioulders came 
 To fee the child, Ocyrrhoe was her name,- 
 She knew her father's arts, and could rehearfc 
 The depths of prophecy in founding verfe. 
 Once, as the facrcd infant (he furvey'd. 
 The God was kindled in the raving Maid, 
 And thus flie utter'd her prophetick tale ; 
 y Hail, great Phyfician of the world, all-hail; 
 
 Z 2 " Hail, 
 
<( 
 
 n 
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 \ 
 
 172 Poems on fei^eral Occksio'^s, 
 
 " Hail, mighty infant, who in years to come 
 " Shalt heal the nations, and defraud the tomb ,• 
 Swift be thy growth ! thy triumphs unconfin'd I 
 Make kingdoms thicker, and increafe mankind. 
 Thy daring art fhall animate the dead. 
 And draw the Thunder on thy guilty head: 
 " Then (halt thou die j but from the dark abode 
 *' Rife up vidorious, and be Twice a God. 
 And thou, my Sire, not deftin'd by thy birth 
 To turn to duft, and mix with common earth. 
 How wilt thou tols, and rave, and long to die, 
 And quit thy claim to immortality,* 
 When thou {halt feel, enrag'd with inward pains, 
 ** The Hydras venom rankling in thy veins ? 
 " The Gods, in pity, fhall contrad thy date, 
 *' And give thee over to the power of Fate, 
 
 Thus, entering into deftiny, the maid 
 The fecrets of offended Jove betray'd : 
 More had (he ftill to fay j but now appears 
 Opprefs'd with fobs and fighs, and drown'd in tears. 
 *' My voice, fays fhe, is gone, my language fails $ 
 *' Through every limb my kindred fhape prevails: 
 *' Why did the God this fatal gift impart, 
 " And with prophetick raptures fwell my heart? 
 " What new defires are thefe ? I long to Pace 
 " o'er flowery meadows, and to feed on Graft j 
 " I haften to a Brute, a Maid no more ; 
 " But why, alas! am I transform'd all o'er? 
 " My Sire does Haifa human (liape retain, 
 And in his upper parts preferves the Man. 
 
 i( 
 
 Her 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions. 173 
 
 Her tongue no more diftind complaints affords. 
 But in {hrili accents and miP-fhapen words 
 Pours forth fuch hideous wailings, as declare 
 The Human form confounded in the Mare : 
 'Till by degrees accomplifh'd in the Beaft, 
 She neigh'd outright, and all the Steed exprcft. 
 Her {looping body on her hands is born. 
 Her hands are turn'd to hoofs, and ftiod in horn -j^ 
 Her yellow trefles ruffle in a mane. 
 And in a flowing tail fhe frisks her train. 
 The Mare was finifh'd in her voice and look. 
 And a new name from the new figure took. 
 
 The Transformation of VtkTTXJS to a Touch-fione. 
 
 Sore wept the Centaur, and to Phoebus pray'd j 
 But how could Phoebus give the Centaur aid i 
 Degraded of his power by angry JovCy 
 In Elts then a herd of Beeves he drove j 
 And wielded in his hand a ftafF of Oak, 
 And o'er his fhoulders threw the Shepherd's cloak ; 
 On feven compared reeds he us'd to play, 
 And on his rural pipe to wafte the day. 
 
 As once, attentive to his pipe, he play'd. 
 The crafty Hermes from the God convey'd 
 A Drove, that fep'rate from their fellows ftray'd. 
 The theft an old infidious Peafant view'd, 
 (They call'd him Battus in the neighbourhood^ 
 Hire'd by a wealthy Pylia^ Prince to feed 
 His favourite Mares, and watch the generous breed. 
 
 The 
 
(C 
 
 (C 
 
 <c 
 
 \ 
 
 174 Poems on fevcral Occasions. 
 
 The thievifli God fufpeded him, and took 
 The Hind afide, and thus in whifpers fpoke ^ 
 
 Difcover not the theft, whoe'er thou be. 
 
 And take that milk-white heifer for thy fee. 
 
 Go, ftranger, cries the clown, fecurely on. 
 
 That ftone (hall fooner tell ,- and (how'd a (lone. 
 
 The God withdrew, but ftrait return'd again, 
 In fpcech and habit like a country Swain ,- 
 And cries out, *' Neighbour, haft thou feen a ftray 
 " Of Bullocks and of Heifers pais this way? 
 *' In the recovery of my cattle join, 
 " A Bullock and a Heifer fliall be thine. 
 The Peafant quick replies, " You'll find 'em there 
 " In yon dark vale: and in the vale they were, 
 The-Oouble bribe had his falfe heart beguil'd : 
 The God, fuccefsful in the tryal, fmil'dj 
 
 And doft thou thus betray my felf to Me ? [ 
 
 Me to my felf doft thou betray ? fays he : 
 Then to a Touch-Jione turns the faithlels Spy, 
 And in his name records his infamy. 
 
 ^he Story o/AglAUROS, transform d into a Statue, 
 
 This done, the God flew up on high, and pafs'd 
 O'er lofty Athens^ by Mmerva grace'd, 
 And md^ Mnnkhiay whilft his eyes furvey 
 All the vaft region that beneath him lay. 
 
 'Twas now the feaft, when each Athenian Maid 
 Her yearly homage to Minerva paid ,♦ 
 
 In 
 
 cc 
 
( 
 
 Poems on fezwal Occasions. 175 
 
 In canifters, with garlands cover'd o'er, 
 
 High on their heads their myftick gifts they bore : 
 
 And now, returning in a folemn train. 
 
 The troop of fliining Virgins fill'd the plain. 
 
 The God well-pleas'd beheld the pompous fliow. 
 And faw the bright proceflion pafs below ^ 
 Then veer'd about, and took a wheehng flight. 
 And hover'd o'er them ; As the fpreading Kite, 
 That fmells the flaughter'd vidim from on high. 
 Flies at a difl:ance, if the Priefts are nigh, 
 And fails around, and keeps it in her eyej 
 So kept the God the Virgin choir in view, 
 And in flow winding circles round them flew. 
 
 As Lucifer excells the meanefl: ftar. 
 Or, as the ^wW-oxh' A Phoebe Lucifer ^ 
 So much did Herse all the refl: outvy, 
 And gave a grace to the folemnity. , 
 Hermes was fir'd, as in the clouds he hung : 
 So the cold Bullet, that with fury flung 
 From Baleartck engines mounts on high, ' 
 Glows in the whirl, and burns along the sky. 
 At length he pitch'd upon the ground, and fliow'd 
 The form divine, the features of a God. 
 He knew their virtue o'er a female heart. 
 And yet he drives to better them by art. 
 He hangs his mantle loofe, and fets to fliow 
 The golden edging on the feam below j 
 Adjufl:s his flowing curls, and in his hand 
 Waves, with an air, the fleep-procuring wand 5 
 
 Th( 
 
176 Poems on federal OccAstovfs. 
 
 The glittering fandals to his feet applies. 
 And to each heel the well-trim'd pinion ties. 
 
 His ornaments with niceft art difplay'd. 
 He feeks th' apartment of the royal maid. 
 The roof was all with polifh'd Ivory line'd, 
 That, richly mix'd, in clouds of Tortoife fliine'd. 
 Three rooms, contiguous, in a range were place'd. 
 The midmoft by the beauteous Herse grace'd ; 
 Her virgin fifters lodg'd on either fide. 
 ^glauros firft th' approaching God defcry'd. 
 And, as he crofs'd her chamber, ask'd his name. 
 And what his bufinefs was, and. whence he came. 
 " I come, reply'd the God, from Heaven, to woo 
 *' Your fifter, and to make an aunt of you j 
 *' I am the fon and meffengcr oijove, 
 *^ My name is Mercury y my bufinefs Love; 
 *' Do you, kind damfel, take a lover's part, 
 ^* And gain admittance to your filler's heart. 
 
 She ftar'd him An the face with looks amaz'd. 
 As when (he on Minerva's fecret gaz'd. 
 And asks a mighty treafure for her hire. 
 And, till he brings it, makes the God retire. 
 Minerva griev'd to fee the Nymph fucceed : 
 And now remembring the late impious deed. 
 When difobedient to her ftrid command. 
 She touch'd the cheft with an unhallow'd hand; 
 In big-fwoln fighs her inward rage exprefs'd, 
 That heav'd the rifing Mgts on her breaft j 
 Then fought out Envy in her dark abode, 
 Defil'd with ropy gore and clots of blood : 
 
 Shut 
 
Poems on feverai Occasions. 177 
 
 shut from the winds, and from the wholefome skies, 
 In a deep vale the gloomy dungeon lies, 
 Difmal and cold, where not a beam of h'ght 
 Invades the winter, or difturbs the night. 
 
 Diredly to the cave her courfe flie fteer'd ,• 
 Againft the gates her martial lance flie rear'd; 
 The gates flew open, and the Fiend appear'd. 
 A pois'nous morfel in her teeth flie chew'd. 
 And gorg'd the fle(h of Vipers for her food. 
 Minerva loathing, turn'd away her eye; 
 The hideous monfter, rifing heavily, 
 Came ftalking forward with a fuUen pace. 
 And left her mangled offals on the place. 
 Soon as {lie faw the Goddefs gay and bright, 
 She fetch'd a groan at fuch a chearful fight. 
 Livid and meagre were her looks, her eye 
 In foul diftorted glances turn'd awry ; 
 A hoard of gall her inward parts poflfefs'd, 
 And (pread a greennefs o'er her canker'd bread ; 
 Her teeth were brown with ruft ,• and from her tongue. 
 In daogling drops, the ftringy poifon hung. 
 She never fmiles but when the wretched weep, 
 Nor lulls her malice with a moment's fleep, 
 Reftlefs in fpite; while watchful to deftroy, 
 She pines and fickens at another's joy ,• 
 Foe to her felf, diftrelTing and diftreft. 
 She bears her own tormenter in her bread. 
 The Goddefs gave (for (he abhorr'd her fight) 
 A fhort command: " ToAthem fpeed thy flight; 
 
 Vol. I. A a " On 
 

 178 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 On curd Aglauros try thy utmofl: art, 
 
 And fix thy rankeft venoms in her heart. 
 This faid, her fpear flie pufh'd againft the ground. 
 And mounting from it with an active bound. 
 Flew off to Heaven : The hag with eyes askew 
 Look'd up, and mutter'd curfes as {he flewj 
 For fore fhc fretted, and began to grieve 
 At the fuccefs which fhe her felf muft give. 
 Then takes her ftafF, hung round with wreaths of thorn. 
 And fails along, in a black whirlwind born. 
 O'er fields and flowery meadows : where flie fteers 
 Her baneful courfe, a mighty blaft appears. 
 Mildews and blights ; the meadows are deface'd. 
 The fields, the flowers, and the whole year laid wafte: 
 On mortals next, and peopled towns (he falls. 
 And breathes a burning plague among their walls. 
 
 When Athens fhe beheld, for arts renown'd. 
 With peace made happy, and with plenty crown'd. 
 Scarce could the hideous Fiend from tears forbear. 
 To find out nothing that deferv'd a tear. 
 Th' apartment now fhe enter'd, where at reft 
 Aglauros lay, with gentle fleep oppreft. 
 To execute Minerva's dire command. 
 She ftroak'd the virgin with her canker'd hand. 
 Then prickly thorns into her breaft convey'd. 
 That ftung to madnejfs the devoted maid : 
 Her lubtle venom ftill improves the fmart, i 
 
 Frets in the blood, and fefters in the heart. 
 
 To make the work more fure, a fcene flie drew. 
 And place'd before the dreaming virgin's view 
 
 Her 
 
 V 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions. 179 
 
 Her Sifter's Marriage, and her glorious fate : 
 Th' imaginary Bride appears in ftate ; 
 The Bride-groom with unwonted beauty glows ; 
 For Envy magnifies whate'er (he {hows. 
 
 Full of the dream, Aglauros pine'd away 
 In tears all night, in darknefs all the day j 
 Confum'd like ice, that juft begins to run. 
 When feebly fmitten by the diftant Sun ; 
 Or like unwhoKbme weeds, that jfet on fire 
 Are flowly wafted, and in fmoke expire. 
 Given up to envy (for in every thought 
 The thonrs, the venom, and the vifion wrought) 
 Oft did (he call on death, as oft decreed, 
 Rather than fee her fifter's wifti fuccecd. 
 To tell her awful father what had paft : 
 At length before the door her felf fhe caft j 
 And, fitting on the ground with fullen pride, 
 A paffage to the love-fick God deny'd. 
 The God carefs'd, and for admiftion pray'd. 
 And fboth'd in fofteft words th' envenom'd Maid. 
 In vain he footh'd,- " Begone! the Maid replies, 
 " Or here I keep my feat, and never rife. 
 " Then keep thy feat for ever, cries the God, 
 And touch'd the door, wide-opening to his rod. 
 Fain would flie rife, and ftop him, but flie found 
 Her trunk too heavy to forfake the ground ,• 
 Her joynts are all benum'd, her hands are pale. 
 And Marble now appears in every nail. 
 As when a Cancer in the body feeds, 
 And gradual death from limb to limb proceeds ^ 
 
 A a 2 %o 
 
i8o Poems c;^ feveral Occasions. 
 
 f o docs the chilnefs to each vital part 
 
 Spread by degrees, and creeps into her heart ,* 
 
 'Till hard'ning every where, and jfpeechleis grown, 
 
 She fits unmov'd, and freezes to a Stone. 
 
 But ftill her envious hue and fullen mine 
 
 Are in the fedentary figure feen. 
 
 EuropaV Rape. 
 
 When now the God his fury had allay'd, 
 And taken vengeance of the ftubborn Maid, 
 From where the bright ^then'tan turrets rife 
 He mounts aloft, and re-afcends the skies. 
 Jove faw him enter the fublime abodes, 
 And, as he rnix'd among the crowd of Gods, 
 Beckon'd him out, and drew him from the reft. 
 And in foft whifpers thus his will expreft, 
 
 " My trufty Hermes, by whole ready aid 
 '' Thy Sire's commands are thro' the world convey 'd, 
 ** Refume thy wings, exert their utmoft force, 
 ** And to the walls of Sidon fpeed thy courfe ,• 
 ** There find a herd of Heifers wand'ring o'er 
 ** The neighbouring hill, and drive 'em to the {hore,. 
 
 Thus fpoke the God, conceaHng his intent. 
 The trufty Hermes on his melTage went. 
 And found the herd of Heifers wand'ring o'er 
 A neighbouring hill, and drove 'em to the (hore; 
 Where the King's Daughter with a lovely train 
 Of Fellow-Nymphs, was /porting on the plain. 
 
 The 
 
 { 
 
Poems on fever al Occasions. i8i 
 
 The dignity of empire laid afide, 
 (For love but ill agrees with kingly pride.) 
 The Ruler of the skies, the thundering God, 
 Who (hakes the world's foundations with a nod, 
 Among a herd of lowing Heifers ran, 
 Frisk'd in a Bull, and bellow'd o'er the plain. 
 Large rolls of fat about his (houlders clung, 
 And from his neck the double dewlap hung. 
 His skin was whiter than the fnow that lies 
 UnfuUy'd by the breath of fouthern skies ; 
 Small fliining horns on his curl'd forehead {land. 
 As turn'd and poliih'd by the work-man's hand; 
 His eye-balls roH'd, not formidably bright, 
 But gaz'd and languifh'd with a gentle light. 
 His every look was peaceful, and exprefl: 
 The fbftneJfs of the Lover in the Beaft. 
 
 Agemrs royal daughter, as fhe play'd 
 Among the fields, the milk-white Bull furvey'd. 
 
 And vicw'd his fpotlefs body with delight. 
 
 And at a diftance kept him in her fight. 
 
 At length (he pluck'd the rifing flowers, and fed 
 
 The gentle beaft, and fondly ftroak'd his head. 
 
 He ftood well-pleas'd to touch the charming fair. 
 
 But hardly could confine his pleafure there. 
 
 And now he wantons o'er the neighbouring ftrand. 
 
 Now rowls his body on the yellow fandj 
 
 And now, perceiving all her fears decay'd, 
 
 Comes tofling forward to the royal Maid ; 
 
 Gives her his breaft to ftroke, and downward turns 
 
 His grifly brow, and gently ftoops his horns. 
 
 Ill 
 
i82 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 In flowery wreaths the royal Virgin drefl: 
 His bending horns, and kindly clapt his breaft, 
 'Till now grown wanton, and devoid of fear. 
 Not knowing that flie preft the Thunderer, 
 She place'd her felf upon his back, and rode 
 O'er fields and meadows, feated on the God, 
 
 He gently march'd along, and by degrees 
 Left the dry meadow, and approach'd the feas ; 
 Where now he dips his hoofs and wets his thighs. 
 Now plunges in, and carries off the prize. 
 The frighted Nymph looks backward on the fhoar, 
 And hears the tumbling billows round her roar j 
 But ftill {he holds him faft: one hand is born 
 Upon his back j the other grafps a horn : 
 Her train of ruffling garments flies behind. 
 Swells in the air, and hovers in the wind. 
 
 Through florms and tempefts he the Virgin bore, 
 And lands her fafe on the D'lBean fhore : 
 Where now, in his divineft form array'd. 
 In his True fhape he captivates the Maid; 
 Who gazes on him, and with wondering eyes 
 Beholds the new majeftick figure rife. 
 His glowing features, and celeftial light. 
 And all the God difcover'd to her fight. 
 
 OFID'% 
 
Poems on feveral OccAsi^s. 183 
 
 OFIT>^s Me tamorphoses, 
 
 BOOK III. 
 
 ^he SMry 0/ C A D M U & 
 
 WHEN noi^ ^genor had his daughter loft. 
 He fent his fon to fearch on every coaft i 
 
 And fternly bid him to his arms reftore 
 
 The darling maid, or fee his face no more. 
 
 But live an exile in a foreign clime; 
 
 Thus was the father pious to a crime. 
 
 The reftlels youth fearch'd all the world around j 
 
 But how can Jove in his amours be found ? 
 
 When tir'd at length with unfuccefsful toil, 
 
 To fhun his angry Sire and native foil. 
 
 He goes a fuppliant to the Delphick dome ; 
 
 There asks the God what new-appointed home 
 
 Should end his wand'rings, and his toils relieve. 
 
 The Delphkk oracles this anfwer give. 
 
 Behold among the fields a lonely Cow, 
 Unworn with yokes, unbroken to the plow,* 
 Mark well the place where firft fhe lays her down,^ 
 There meafure out thy walls, and build thy town. 
 
 <c 
 <( 
 cc 
 
 €t 
 
 And 
 
cc 
 
 1 84 V OEMS on federal Occasions. 
 
 And from thy guide Boeot'ia call the land, 
 
 In which the deftin'd walls and town fliall ftand. 
 
 No fooner had he left the dark abode, 
 Big with the promife of the Delph'tck God, 
 When in the fields the fatal Cow he view'd. 
 Nor gall'd with yokes, nor worn with fervitude : 
 Her gently at a diftance he purfu'd,- 
 And, as he walk'd aloof, in filence pray'd 
 To the great Power whofe counfels he obey'd. 
 Her way through flowery Pampe fhe took. 
 And now, Cephifus, crofs'd thy filver brook ,- 
 When to the Heavens her fpacious front fhe rais'd. 
 And bellow'd thrice, then backward turning gaz'd 
 On thofe behind, 'till on the deftin'd place 
 She ftoop'd, and couch'd amid the rifing grafs. 
 
 Cadmus falutes the foil, and gladly hails 
 The new-found mountainf^ and the nameleis vales, 
 And thanks the Gods, and turns about his eye 
 To fee his new dominions round him lye; 
 Then fends his fervants to a neighbouring grove 
 For living ftreams, a facrifice to Jove. 
 O'er the wide plain there rofe a fhady wood 
 Of aged trees ; in its dark bofbm ftood 
 A bufliy thicket, pathlefs and unworn, 
 O'er-run with brambles, and perplex'd with thorn : 
 Amidft the brake a hollow Den was found. 
 With rocks and (helving arches vaulted round. 
 
 Deep in the dreary Den, conceal'd from day, 
 Sacred to MarSy a mighty Dragon lay, 
 
 Bloated 
 
Poems on feveral Occasioijs, 185 
 
 Bloated with poifon to a monftrous fize,- 
 
 Fire broke in flaflies when he glance'd his eyes: 
 
 His towering creft was glorious to behold, 
 
 His flioulders and his fides were fcal'd with gold ; 
 
 Three tongues he brandifh'd when he charg'd his foes,- 
 
 His teeth il:ood jaggy in three dreadful rows. 
 
 The Tyr/am in the Den for water (ought, 
 
 And with their urns explor'd the hollow vault : 
 
 From fide to fide their empty urns rebound, 
 
 And roufe the flcepy Serpent with the found. 
 
 Strait he beftirs him, and is feen to n{e ; 
 
 And now with dreadful hiflings fills the skies. 
 
 And darts his forky tongues, and rouls his glaring eyes, 
 
 'ThcT)nam drop their vefTcls in the fright, 
 
 All pale and trembling at the hideous fight. 
 
 Spire above fpire uprear'd in air he ftood. 
 
 And gazing round him, over-look'd the wood : 
 
 Then floating on the ground, in circlts rowl'd ; 
 
 Then leap'd upon them in a mighty fold. 
 
 Of fuch a bulk, and fuch a monftrous fize. 
 
 The Serpent in the polar circle lyes, ^ 
 
 That ftretches over half the Northern skies. ) 
 
 In vain theTyr/mis on their arms rely, 
 
 In vain attempt to fight, in vain to fly : 
 
 All their endeavours and their hopes are vainj 
 
 Some die entangled in the winding train ; 
 
 Some are devour'd ,• or feel a loathfom death, 
 
 Swoln up with blafts of peftilential breath. 
 
 And now the fcorching Sun was mounted high, 
 In all its luftre, to the noon-day sky; 
 
 Vol. I. B b When^ 
 
 ? 
 
^ 
 
 i86 Poems o;; fever al Occasions. 
 
 When, anxious for his friends, and fill'd with cares, 
 To fearch the woods ch' impatient Chief prepares. 
 A Lion's hide around his loins he wore, 
 The well-pois'd Jav'lin to the field he bore 
 Inur'd to blood ; the far-deftroying Dart, 
 And, the beft weapon, an undaunted Heart. 
 
 Soon as the youth approach'd the fatal place. 
 He faw his fervants breathlels on the orafs ; 
 The fcaly foe amid their corps he view'd. 
 Basking at eafe, and feafting in their blood. 
 " Such friends, he cries, deferv'd a longer date; 
 *' But Cadmus will revenge, or fliare their fate. 
 Then heav'd a Stone, and rifing to the throw,. 
 He fent it in a whirlwind at the foe : 
 A tower, afifaulted by fo rude a ftroke. 
 With all its lofty battlements had {hook ; 
 But nothing here th' unwieldy rock avails, 
 Rebounding harmlefs from the plaited fcales. 
 That, firmly join'd, preferv'd him from a wound,, 
 With native armour crufted all around. 
 
 The pointed Jav'lin more (uccefsful flew, J 
 
 Which at his back the raging warriour threw % 
 Amid the plaited fcales it took its courle, 1 
 
 And in the fpinal marrow fpent its force. 
 The monfter hifs'd aloud, and rage'd in vain. 
 And writh'd his body to and fro with pain ; 
 And bit the fpear, and wrench'd the wood away 5 
 The point ftill buried in the marrow lay. 
 And now his rage, increafing with his pain. 
 Reddens his eyes, and beats in every vein ; 
 
 Churn'd: 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral OccAsioj^s. 187 
 
 Churn'd in his teeth the foamy venom rofe, 
 Whilfl: from his mouth a blaft of vapours flows. 
 Such as th' infernal Stygian waters caft j 
 The plants around him wither in the blaft. 
 Now in a maze of rings he lies enrowl'd. 
 Now all unravel'd, and without a fold ; 
 Now, like a torrent, with a mighty force 
 Bears down the foreft in his boifterous courfe. 
 Cadmus gave back, and on the Lion's fpoil 
 Suftain'd the flbock, then force'd him to recoil ; 
 The pointed Jav'lin warded off his rage : 
 Mad with his pains, and furious to engage, 
 The Serpent champs the ftecl, and bites the fpear, 
 'Till blood and venom all the point befmear. 
 But dill the hurt he yet receiv'd was flight; 
 For, whilfl: the Champion with redoubled might 
 Strikes home the Jav'lin, his retiring foe 
 Shrinks from the wound, and disappoints the blow. 
 
 The dauntlefs Heroe ftill purfues his ftroke. 
 And prcfles forward, 'till a knotty Oak 
 Retards his foe, and fl:ops him in the rear,- 
 Full in his throat he plunge'd the fatal fpear. 
 That in th' extended neck a pafTage found, 
 And piercc'd the folid timber through the wound. 
 Fix'd to the reeling trunk, with many a fl:roke 
 Of his huge tail, he laflVd the fl:urdy Oak j 
 'Till fpent with toil, and labouring hard for breath. 
 He now lay twifting in the pangs of death. 
 
 Cadmus beheld him wallow in a flood 
 Of fwimming poifon, intermix'd with blood,- 
 
 B b z When 
 
i88 Poems on feveral Occasioi<[s, 
 
 When fuddenly a fpeech was heard from high, 
 (The fpeech was heard, nor was the fpeaker nigh) 
 " Why doft thou thus with fecret pleafure fee, 
 " Infulting man! what thou thy felf {halt be? 
 AftoniQi'd at the voice, he ftood amaz'd, 
 And all around with inward horror gaz'd : 
 When Pallas fwift defcending from the skies, 
 Pallas the guardian of the bold and wife, 
 Bids him plow up the field, and fcatter round 
 The Dragon's Teeth o'er all the furrow'd ground j 
 Then tells the youth how to his wondering eyes 
 Embattled armies from the field fhould rife. 
 
 He fows the Teeth at Pallas's command. 
 And flings the Future People from his hand. 
 The clods grow warm, and crumble where he fbws ^, 
 And now the pointed fpears advance in rows j 
 Now nodding plumes appear, and (hining crefts. 
 Now the broad fhoulders and the rifing breads j 
 O'er all the field the breathing harveft fwarms, 
 A growing hod, a crop of men and arms. 
 
 So through the parting ftage a figure rears 
 Its body up, and limb by limb appears 
 By juft degrees j 'till all the Man arife, 
 And in his full proportion ftrikes the eyes. 
 
 Cadmus furpriz'd, and ftartled at the fight 
 
 Of his new fofs, prepare'd himfelf for fight : 
 
 When one cry'd out, *' Forbear, fond man, forbear 
 
 *' To mingle in a blind promifcuous war. 
 
 This faid, he ftruck his brother to the ground, 
 
 Himfelf expiring by Another's wound ; 
 
 Nor 
 
 i 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions, 189 
 
 Nor did the Third his conqueft long furvive, 
 Dying e'er fcarce he had begun to Hve. 
 
 The dire example ran through all the field, 
 'Till heaps of brothers were by brothers kill'd j 
 The furrows fwam in blood : and onely five 
 Of all the vaft increafe were left alive. 
 Rchion one, at Pallas's command, 
 Let fall the guiklefs weapon from his hand ; 
 And with the reft a peaceful treaty makes, 
 Whom Cadmus as his friends and partners takes : 
 So founds a city on the promis'd earth, 
 And gives his new Boeotian empire birth. 
 
 Here Cadmus reign'd j and now one would have guefs't 
 The royal' founder in his exile bleft : 
 Long did he live within his new abodes, 
 Ally'd by marriage to the deathlefs Gods ; 
 And, in a fruitful wife's embraces old, 
 A long increafe of children's children told : 
 But no frail man, however grear. or high. 
 Can be concluded bleft before he die. 
 
 ABaon was the firft of all his race. 
 Who gricv'd his Grandfire in his borrow'd face; 
 Condcmn'd by ftcrn Diana to bemoan 
 The branching horns, and vifage not his own ; 
 To ftiun his once-lov'd dogs, to bound away. 
 And from their Huntfman to become their Prey* 
 And yet confider why the change was wrought, 
 You'll find it his misfortune, not his fault j 
 Or if a fault, it was the fault of chance : 
 For how can guilt proceed from ignorance ? 
 
 The 
 
190 
 
 Poems oh feveral Occasions, 
 
 
 
 The Transformation of A C T ^ O N into a Stag. 
 
 In a fair Chace a (hady mountain flood, 
 Well ftore'd with game, and mark'd with trails of blood. 
 Here did the huntfmen 'till the heat of day 
 Purfue the Stag, and load themfelves with prey j 
 When thus ABaeon calling to the reft : 
 
 My friends, fays he, our fport is at the beft. 
 
 The Sun is high advance'd, and downward fheds 
 '^ His burning beams dircAly on our heads 5 
 
 Then by confent abftain from further fpoils. 
 
 Call off the dogs, and gather up the toiles ,• 
 *' And e'er to-morrow's Sun begins his race, 
 *^ Take the cool morning to renew the chace* 
 They all confent, and in a chearful train 
 The jolly huntfmen, loaden with the (lain. 
 Return in triumph from the fultry plain. 
 
 Down in a vale with Pine and Cyprefs clad, 
 Refrefli'd with gentle winds, and brown with fliade. 
 The chafte Diana's private haunt, there ftood 
 Full in the centre of the darklbme wood 
 A Ipacious Grotto, all around o'er-grown 
 With hoary mofs, and arch'd with Pumice-ftone. 
 From out its rocky clefts the waters flow, 
 And trickling fwell into a lake below. 
 Nature had every where fo play'd her part. 
 That every where flie feem'd to vie with Art. 
 Here the bright Goddefs, toil'd and chafe'd with heat. 
 Was wont to bathe her in the cool retreat, 
 
 4 Here 
 
I ON S. 
 
 Poems on fever al O c c A s i on s. j 9 i 
 
 Here did (lie now with all her train refort, 
 Panting with heat, and breathlefs from the fportj 
 Her armour-bearer laid her bow afide, 
 Some loos'd her fandals, fome her veil unty'd; 
 Each bufy Nymph her proper part undreft ^ 
 While Crocale^ more handy than the reft, 
 Gathcr'd her flowing hair, and in a noofe 
 Bound it together, whilft her own hung loo(e. 
 Five of the more ignoble fort by turns 
 Fetch up the water, and unlade their urns. 
 
 Now all undreft the fhining Goddcfs . ftood. 
 When young A^aon^ wildcr'd in the wood, 
 To the cool grott by his hard fate bctray'd, 
 The fountains fill'd with naked Nymphs furvey'd.. 
 The frighted virgins ftuiek'd at the furprizc, 
 (The foreft echo'd with their piercing cries.) 
 Then in a huddle round their Goddds preft: 
 She, proudly eminent above the reft, 
 With blufties glow'd ; fuch bluflies as adorn 
 The ruddy welkin, or the purple morrtj 
 And tho* the crowding Nymphs her body hide. 
 Half backward ftirunk, and view'd him from afide. 
 Surpriz'd, at firft (he would have fnatch d her Bow, 
 But fees the circling waters round her flow 5. 
 Thefe in the hollow of her hand flie took, 
 And daflvd 'em in his face, while thus ftie fpoke: 
 " Tell if thou can'ft the wond'rous fight difclos'd, 
 ^ A Goddcfs Naked to thy view expos'd. 
 
 This faid, the Man begun to difappear 
 By flow degrees, and ended in a Deer. 
 
192 Poems (?;^ y^i'^r^/ Occasions. 
 
 A rifing horn on either brow he wears, 
 
 And ftretches out his neck, and pricks his ears; 
 
 Rough is his skin, with fudden hairs o'er-grown. 
 
 His bofbm pants with fears before unknown. 
 
 Transform'd at length, he flies away in hafte, *^^H 
 
 And wonders why he flies away fo faft. ^^M 
 
 But as by chance, within a neighbouring brook, ^^ 
 
 He faw his branching horns and alter'd look. 
 
 Wretched ^cfaon / in a doleful tone 
 
 He try'd to Ipeak, but only gave a groan ; 
 
 And as he wept, within the wat'ry glafs 
 
 He faw the big round drops, with filent pace. 
 
 Run trickling down a favage hairy face. 
 
 What fhould he do? Or feek his old abodes. 
 
 Or herd among the Deer, and skulk in woods? 
 
 Here (hame dilTuades him, there his fear prevails. 
 
 And each by turns his aking heart affails. 
 
 As he thus ponders, he behind him fpies 
 His opening Hounds, and now he hears their cries : 
 A generous pack, or to maintain the chace. 
 Or fnuff the vapour from the fcented grafs. 
 
 He bounded off with fear, and fwiftly ran 
 0*er craggy mountains, and the flowery plain 5 
 Through brakes and thickets forc'd his way, and flew 
 Through many a ring, where once he did purfue. i 
 
 In vain he oft endeavour'd to proclaim 
 His new misfortune, and to tell his name ; 
 Nor voice nor words the brutal tongue (upplies ; 
 From fliouting men, and horns, and dogs he flies, 
 Deafen'd and llunn'd with their promifcuous cries. 
 
 When 
 
Poems on federal OccAsi 6 ijs, 193 
 
 When now the fleeted of the pack, that preft 
 
 Clofe at his heels, and fprung before the reft. 
 
 Had faften'd on him, {Iraight another pair 
 
 Hung on his wounded haunch, and held him there, 
 
 'Till all the pack came up, and every hound 
 
 Tore the fad Huntfman grov'ling on the ground, 
 
 Who now appear'd but one continu'd wound. 
 
 With dropping tears his bitter fate he moans, 
 
 And fills the mountain with his dying groans. 
 
 His fcrvants, with a piteous look he fpies. 
 
 And turns about his fupplicating eyes. 
 
 His fervants, ignorant of what had chanc'd. 
 
 With eager hafte and joyful fliouts advanc'd, ] 
 
 And call'd their Lord Atiaon to the game: 
 
 He fliook his head in anfwer to the name ; 
 
 He heard, but wifli'd he had indeed been gone, 
 
 Or only to have ftood a looker on. 
 
 But, to his grief, he finds himfelf too near. 
 
 And feels his rav'nous dogs with fury tear 
 
 Their wretched mafter panting in a Deer. 
 
 The Birth <?/ BACCHUS. 
 
 ABaor^s, fufferings, and Diana^s, rage. 
 Did all the thoughts of Men and Gods engage ; 
 Some call'd the evils, which Diana wrought. 
 Too great, and difproportion'd to the fault: 
 Others again efteem'd ABdeon\ woes 
 Fit for a Virgin Goddefs to impofe, 
 
 V o L. I. C c The 
 
194 V OEMS on fe-veral Occasions. 
 
 The hearers into different parts divide, 
 And reafons are produc'd on either fide. 
 
 Jum alone, of all that heard the news, 
 Nor would condemn the Goddefs, nor excufe : 
 She heeded not the juftice of the deed, 
 But joy'd to fee the race of Cadmus bleed; 
 For ftill {he kept Europa in her mind. 
 And, for her fake, detefted all her kind. 
 Befides, to aggravate her hate, (he heard 
 How Semekj to Jove's embrace preferr'd. 
 Was now grown big with an immortal load. 
 And carry'd in her womb a future God. 
 Thus terribly incens'd, the Goddefs broke 
 To fudden fury, and abruptly (poke. 
 
 " Are my reproaches of fo fmall a force? 
 " 'Tis time I then purfue another courfe : 
 *' It is decreed the guilty wretch fhall die, 
 *' If I'm indeed the Miftrefs of the sky ; 
 " If rightly ftyl'd among the powers above 
 *' The Wife and Sifter of the thundering Jovey, 
 " (A.nd none can fure a Sifter's right deny) 
 " It is decreed the guilty wretch ftiall die. 
 " She boafts an honour I can hardly claim;: 
 " Pregnant fhe rifes to a Mother's name ,• 
 " While proud and vain {he triumphs in her Jove, 
 " And {hows the glorious tokens of his love : 
 " But if I'm ftill the miftre{s of the skies, 
 " By her own lover the fond beauty dies. 
 This faid, defcending in a yellow cloud. 
 Before the gates of Semele {lie ftood. 
 
 Old 
 
Poems on fez^eral Occ as lo^^s. 195 
 
 Old Beroes decrepit fliape (Vie wears, 
 
 Her wrinkled vifage, and her hoary hairs j 
 
 Whilft in her trembling gait (lie totters on, 
 
 And leasns to tattle in the Nurfe's tone. 
 
 The Goddefs, thus difguis'd in age, beguil'd 
 
 With pleafing ftories her falfe Fofter-child. 
 
 Much did fhe talk of love, and when flie came 
 
 To mention to the Nymph her lover's name. 
 
 Fetching a figh, and holding down her head, 
 
 " 'Tis well, fays {he, if all be true that's faid. 
 
 " But truft me, child, I'm much inclin'd to fear 
 
 *' Some counterfeit in this your Jup'tter, 
 
 " Many an honcft well-dcfigning maid, 
 
 '' Has been by thefe pretended Gods bctray'd. 
 
 *' But if he be indeed the thundering "^ove^ 
 
 " Bid him, when next he courts the rites of love, 
 
 *' Defcend triumphant from th' etherial sky, 
 
 *' In all the pomp of his divinity ,• 
 
 ** Encompafs'd round by thofe celeftial charms, 
 
 " With which he fills th' immortal Jums arms. 
 Th' unwary Nymph, enfnar'd with what fhe faid, 
 
 Defir'd of Jove, when next he fought her bed, 
 
 To grant a certain gift which flie would chufe ,• 
 Fear not, reply'd the God, that I'll refufe 
 Whate'er you ask : May Styx confirm my voice, 
 Chufe what you will, and you {hall have your choice. 
 
 " Then, fays the Nymph, when next you feek my arms, 
 May you defcend in thofe celeftial charms. 
 With which your Juno's bofom you enflamc. 
 And fill with tranfport Heaven's immortal dame. 
 
 C c 2 The 
 
 It 
 
 tc 
 
 cc 
 t( 
 
196 Poems on fever al Occasions. 
 
 The God furpriz'd would fain have ftopp'd her voice : 
 But he had fworn, and (he had made her choice. 
 
 To keep his promifc he afcends, and (hrowds 
 His awful brow in whirlwinds and in clouds; 
 Whilft all around, in terrible array, 
 His thunders rattle, and his light'nings play. 
 And yet, the dazling luftre to abate, 
 He fet not out in all his pomp and ftate. 
 Clad in the mildeft light'ning of the skies, 
 And arm'd with thunder of the fmalleft fize : 
 Not thofe huge bolts, by which the Giants flaiQ 
 Lay overthrown on the Phlegrean plain. 
 'Twas of a lefler mould, and lighter weight 5 
 They call it Thunder of a Second-rate. 
 For the rough Cyclops^ who by Jove's command 
 Tempered the bolt, and turn'd it to his hand, 
 Work'd up lefs flame and fury in its make. 
 And quench'd it fooner in the {landing lake. 
 Thus dreadfully adornM, with horror bright, 
 Th' illuftrious God, defcending from his height, 
 Came rufhing on her in a ftorm of light. 
 
 The mortal dame, too feeble to engage 
 The light'ning's flafties, and the thunder's rage, 
 Confum'd amid ft the glories fhe defir'd, 
 And in the terrible embrace expir'd. 
 
 But, to preferve his off-fpring from the tomb, 
 Jove, took him fmoaking from the blafted womb j 
 And, if onancient tales we may rely, 
 Inclos'd th' abortive infant in his thigh. 
 
 Here, 
 
Poems o/^y^z?^^/ Occasions. 197 
 
 Here, when the babe had all his time fulfiU'd, 
 Im firft took him for her Fofter-child ; 
 Then the Nifeam, in their dark abode, 
 Nurs'd fecretly with milk the thriving God. 
 
 The Transformation 0^ T I R E S I A S. 
 
 *Twas now, while thele tranfadions paft on earth/ 
 And Bacchus thus procured a fecond birth, 
 When JovCy difpos'd to lay afide the weight 
 Of publick empire and the cares of ftate ,• 
 As to his Queen in ne6lar bowls he quafPd, 
 '' In troth, fays he, and as he fpoke he laugh'd, 
 " The fenfe of pleafure in the male is far 
 " More dull and dead, than what you females {hare, 
 Jum the truth of what was faid deny'd,- 
 Tireftas therefore muft the caufe decide j 
 For he the pleafure of each fex had try'd. 
 
 It hdppen'd once, within a (hady wood. 
 Two twifted Snakes he in conjun<5tion view'd ; 
 When with his ftaff their flimy folds he broke, 
 And loft his manhood at the fatal ftroke. 
 But, after feven revolving years, he view'd 
 The felf-fame Serpents in the felf-fame wood ,* 
 " And if, fays he, fuch virtue in you lye, ^ 
 
 " That he who dares your flimy folds untie 
 ** Muft change his kind, a fecond ftroke I'll try. 
 Again he ftruck the Snakes, and ftood again 
 New-fex'd, and ftrait recover'd into Man. 
 
 s 
 
 Him 
 
198 Poems on fevcral OccAsiot^s, 
 
 Him therefore both the deities create 
 
 The foveraign umpire ia their grand debate; 
 
 And he declar'd for Jove: When Jtmo fir'd, 
 
 More than fo trivial an affair required, 
 
 Depriv'd him, in her fury, of his fight. 
 
 And left him groping round in fudden night. 
 
 But Jove (for fo it is in heaven decree'd, 
 
 That no one God repeal another's deed j) 
 
 Irradiates all his foul with inward light, 
 
 And with the prophet's art 'telieves the want of fights 
 
 ^he transformation of Echo. 
 
 Tam'd far and near for knowing things to come. 
 From him th' enquiring nations fought their doom j 
 The fair Liriope his anfwers try'd. 
 And firft th' unerring prophet juftify'd ; 
 This Nymph the God Cephtfus had abus'd 
 With all his winding waters circumfus'd. 
 And on the Nereid got a lovely boy, 
 Whom the fbft maids even then beheld with joy. 
 
 The tender dame, follicitous to know 
 Whether her child fhould reach old age or no, 
 Confults the fage Tireftas, who replies, 
 " If e'er he knows himfelf, he furely dies. 
 Long liv'd the dubious mother in fufpence, 
 'Till time unriddled all the prophet's fenfe. 
 
 Narctjfus now his fixteenth year began, 
 Juft turn'd of boy, and on the verge of man ,- 
 
 Many 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions. 199 
 
 Many a friend the blooming youth careft'd. 
 Many a love-fick maid her flame confefs'd: 
 Such was his pride, in vain the friend carefs'd. 
 The love-fick maid in vain her flame confefs'd. 
 
 Once, in the woods, as he purfu'd the chace, 
 The hahhVm^ Echo had defcry'd his face,- 
 She, who in other's words her filence breaks. 
 Nor fpeaks her felf but when another fpeaks. 
 Echo was then a maid, of fpeech bereft. 
 Of wonted Ipeech ; for tho' her voice was left, 
 Jtmo a curfe did on her tongue impofe. 
 To fport with every fentence in the clofc. 
 Full often when the Goddefs might have caught 
 Jove and her rivals in the very fault, 
 This Nymph with fiibtle fl:ories would delay 
 Her coming, 'till the lovers flipp'd away. 
 The Goddtfs found out the deceit in time. 
 And then flic cry'd, " That tongue, for this thy crime, 
 ** Which could Co many fubtle tales produce, 
 " Shall be hereafter but of little ufe. 
 Hence 'tis flie prattles in a fainter tone, 
 With mimick founds, and accents not her own. 
 
 This love-fick Virgin, over-joy'd to find 
 The boy alone, fl:ill follow'd him behind j 
 When glowing warmly at her near approach, 
 As fulphur blazes at the taper's touch. 
 She long'd her hidden pafTion to reveal. 
 And tell her pains, but had not Words to tell : 
 She can't Begin, but waits for the rebound. 
 To catch his voice, and to Return the found. 
 
 The 
 
200 Poems on feveral OccAsioiJs. 
 
 The Nymph, when nothing could Narcijfm move, 
 Still daih'd with blufhes for her flighted love, 
 Liv'd in the fhady covert of the woods. 
 In folitary caves and dark abodes; 
 Where pining wander'd the rejeded fair, 
 » rill harrafs'd out, and worn away with care, 
 The founding skeleton, of blood bereft, 
 Befides her bones and voice had nothing left. 
 Her bones are petrify'd, her voice is found 
 In vaults, where ftill it Doubles every found. 
 
 The Story 0/ NARCISSUS. 
 
 Thus did the Nymphs in vain carefs the Boy, 
 He ftill was lovely, but he ftill was coy ; 
 When one fair Virgin of the flighted train 
 Thus pray'd the Gods, provok'd by his difdain, 
 " Oh may he love like me, and love hke me in vain! 
 Rhamnufia pity'd the negle<aed fair. 
 And with juft vengeance anfwer'd to her prayer. 
 
 There ftands a fountain in a darkfom wood. 
 
 Nor ftain'd with falling leaves nor rifmg mud j 
 
 Untroubled by the breath of winds it refts, 
 
 Unfully'd by the touch of men or beafts ^ 
 
 High bowers of (hady trees above it grow. 
 
 And rifing grafs and cheairful greens below. 
 
 Pleas'd with the form and coolnefs of the place, 
 
 And over-heated by the morning chace, 
 
 JSIarciJfus on the graflie verdure lyes : 
 
 But whilft within the chryftal fount he tries 
 
 To quench his heat, he feels new heats arife. 
 
 For 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveral Occasions. 201 
 
 For as his own bright image he furvey'd, 
 
 He fell in love with the fantaftick (hade ; 
 
 And o'er the fair refemblance hung unmov'd, 
 
 Nor knew, fond youth ! it was himfelf he lov'd. 
 
 The well-turn*d neck and flioulders he dcfcries, 
 
 The fpacious forehead, and the fparkling eyes,- 
 
 The hands that Bacchus might not fcorn to (how, 
 
 And hair that round Apollo\ head might flow, 
 
 With all the purple youthfuinefs of face. 
 
 That gently bluflics in the wat'ry glafs. 
 
 By his own flames confum'd the lover lyes. 
 
 And gives himfelf the wound by which he dies. 
 
 To the cold water oft he joins his lips. 
 
 Oft catching at the beauteous fliade he dips 
 
 His arms, as often from himfelf he flips. 
 
 Nor knows he M'ho it is bis arms purfue 
 
 With eager clafps, but loves he knows not who. 
 
 What could, fond youth, this helplefs paflion move ? 
 
 What kindle in thee this unpity'd love? 
 
 Thy own warm blufli within the water glows, 
 
 With thee the colour'd fhadow comes and goes. 
 
 Its empty being on thy felf relies ,• 
 
 Step thou afide, and the frail charmer dies. 
 
 Still o'er the fountain's wat'ry gleam he fltood, 
 Mindlefs of fleep, and negligent of food ,• 
 Still view'd his face, and languiflVd as he vicw'd. 
 At length he rais'd his head, and thus began 
 To vent his griefs, and tell the woods his pain. 
 ** You trees, fays he, and thou furrounding grove, 
 " Who oft have been the kindly fcenes of love, 
 
 Vol. I. D d " Tell 
 
202 "Poems on feveral OccAsioii^s, 
 
 " Tell me, iF e'er within your {hades did lye 
 
 " A youth (6 toitur'd, fo perplex'd as I? 
 
 " I who before me fee the charming fair, 
 
 " Whilfl: there he (lands, and yet he ftands not there j 
 
 "In fuch a maze of love my thoughts are loft: ; 
 
 " And yet no bulwark'd town, nor difl:ant coafl:, 
 
 " Preferves the beauteous youth from being feen^ 
 
 *' No mountains rife, nor oceans flow between. 
 
 " A {hallow water hinders my embrace j 
 
 *' And yet the lovely mimick wears a face 
 
 That kindly fmiles, and when 1 bend to join 
 
 My lips to his, he fondly bends to mine. 
 " Hear, gentle youth, and pity my complaint. 
 
 Come from thy well, thou fair inhabitant. 
 
 My charms an eafy. conqueft have obtain'd 
 
 O'er other hearts, by thee alone difdain'd. 
 *' But why (hould I defpair ? Vm fure he burns 
 " With equal flames^ and languilhes by turns. 
 " When-e'er I ftoop he offers at a kifs, 
 " And when my arms I flretch, he fl:retches his. 
 " His eye with plealure on my face he keeps, 
 " He fmiles my fmiles, and when I weep he weepsf, 
 " When-e'er 1 fpeak, his moving lips appear 
 " To utter fomething, which I cannot hear. 
 " Ah wretched me? I now begin too late 
 *' To find out all the long-perplex'd deceit j 
 '^ It is my felf I love, my felf I fee; 
 " The gay delufion is a part of me. 
 ** I kindle up the fires by which I burn, 
 " And my own beauties from the well return. 
 
 " Whom 
 
 
 
cc 
 
 (C 
 
 (( 
 
 Poems on fever al Occasions. 205 
 
 Whom fliould I court? how utter my complaint? 
 
 Enjoyment but produces my reftraint, 
 
 And too much plenty makes me die for want. 
 " How gladly would I from my felf remove! 
 " And at a diftance fet the thing I love. 
 *' My breaft is warm'd with fuch unufual fire, 
 " I wifh him abfent whom I mod defire. 
 
 And now 1 faint with grief ^ my fate draws nigh; 
 
 In all the pride of blooming youth I die. 
 " Death will the forrows of my heart relieve. 
 *' O might the vifionary youth furvive, 
 " I ihould with joy my lateft breath refignf 
 *' But oh! 1 fee his fate involv'd in mine. 
 
 This faid, the weeping youth again return'd 
 To the clear fountain, where again he burn'd ; 
 His tears deface'd the furface of the well 
 With circle after circle, as they fell : 
 And now the lovely face but half appears, 
 O'er-run with wrinkles, and deform'd with tears. 
 
 Ah whither, cries NardJp4Sy doft thou fly? 
 
 Let me ftill feed the flame by which I die ; 
 
 Let me ftill fee, tho' I'm no further bleft. 
 Then rends his garment off, and beats his breaft : 
 His naked bofbm reddcn'd with the blow, 
 In fuch a blufti as purple clufters Ihow, 
 E'er yet the Sun's autumnal heats refine 
 Their fprightly juice, and mellow it to wine. 
 The glowing beauties of his breaft he /pies. 
 And with a new redoubled pa(fion dies. 
 
 D d z As 
 
 (C 
 
^204 FoEMs on fe-veral Occasions. 
 
 As Wax diflblves, and Ice begins to run, 
 And trickle into drops before the Sun ,• 
 So melts the youth, and languiflies away, 
 His beauty withers, and his limbs decay ^ 
 And none of thofe attractive charms remain. 
 To which the flighted Echo fu'd in vain» 
 
 She faw him in his prefent mifery, 
 Whom, fpight of all her wrongs, fhe griev'd to fee. 
 She anfwer'd fadly to the lover's moan, 
 Sigh'd back his fighs, and groan'd to every groan : 
 *' Ah youth ! belov'd in vain, Narctffm cries ; 
 *' Ah youth ! belov'd in vain, the Nymph replies. 
 ** Farewel, fays he ,* the parting found fcarce fell 
 From his faint lips, but fhe reply'd, " Farewel. 
 Then on th' unwholfbme earth he gafping lyes, 
 'Till death fhuts up thofe felf-admiring eyes. 
 To the cold fhades his flitting ghoft retires. 
 And in the St<ygmn waves it felf admires. 
 
 For him the Naiads and the Dryads mourn, 
 Whom the fad Echo anfwers in her turn : 
 And now the Sifler-Nymphs prepare his urn ; 
 When, looking for his corps, they only found 
 A rifing Stalk, with Yellow Bloffoms crown'd. 
 
 The Story o/PeNTHEUS. 
 
 This fad event gave blind T'treftas fame, 
 Through Greece eflablifli'd in a Prophet's name. 
 
 Th' un-hallow'd Pentheus only durfl deride 
 The cheated people, and their eyelefs guidci 
 
 Ta 
 
€( 
 
 
 << 
 
 Poems on fever al Occksibt^s. 205 
 
 To whom the Prophet in his fury faid. 
 Shaking the hoary honours of his head; 
 
 'Twere well, prefumptuous man, 'twere well for thee 
 If thou wert eyelefs too, and blind, like me : 
 For the time comes, nay, 'tis already here, 
 *' When the young God's folemnities appear j 
 Which if thou doft not with juft rites adorn. 
 Thy impious carcafs, into pieces torn, 
 " Shall ftrew the woods, and hang on every thorn. 
 Then, then, remember what I now foretel, 
 And own the blind T'trefias faw too well. 
 Still Pentheus fcorns him, and derides his skill. 
 But Time did all the Prophet's threats fulfil. 
 For now thro' proftrate Greece young Bacchus rode, 
 Whilfl: howling matrons celebrate the God. 
 All ranks and fexes to his Orgies ran, 
 To mingle in the pomps, and fill the train. 
 When Pentheus thus his wicked rage exprefs'd ; 
 What madnefs, ThebanSy has your fouls poflefs'd ? 
 Can hollow timbrels, can a drunken fliout. 
 And the lewd clamours of a beaftly rout 
 Thus quell your courage ? can the weak alarm 
 Of women's yells thofe ftubborn fouls difarm. 
 Whom not the fword nor trumpet e'er could fright, 
 ** Nor the loud din and horror of a fight ? 
 ** And you, our Sires, who left your old abodes. 
 And fix'd in foreign earth your country Gods ;. 
 Will you without a ftroak your city yield. 
 And poorly quit an undifputed field ? 
 
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 2c6 Fo'EMs on fe-veral OccAsioi^s, 
 
 But you, wliofe youth and vigom* flioula infpire 
 " Heroick warmth, and kindle martial fire, 
 ** Whom burnifh'd arms and creftcd helmets grace, 
 " Not flowery garlands and a painted face j 
 " Remember him to whom you ftand ally'd : 
 *' The Serpent for his well of waters dy'd. 
 " He fought the ftrong ; do you his courage {how, 
 *' And gain a conqueft o'er a feeble foe. 
 
 If Thehs muft fall, oh might the fates afford 
 
 A nobler doom from famine, fire, or fword f 
 
 Then might the Thebam perifh with renown : 
 
 But now a beardlefs vidor facks the town ,- 
 
 Whom nor the prancing fteed, nor pond'rous (hield. 
 
 Nor the hack'd helmet, nor the dufty field, 
 
 But the ibft joys of luxury and eafe. 
 
 The purple vefls, and flowery garlands pleafe. 
 
 Stand then afide, I'll make the counterfeit 
 *' Renounce his God-iiead, and confefs the cheat. 
 " Acr'tfiiis from the Grecian walls repell'd 
 *' This boafl;ed power ^ why then fhould Penthem yield ? 
 ** Go quickly, drag th' audacious boy to me j 
 " I'll try the force of his divinity. 
 Thus did th' audacious wretch thofe rites profane j 
 His friends difluade th' audacious wretch in vain^ 
 In vain his Grandfire urg'd him to give o'ei* j 
 
 His impious threats , the wretch but raves the more. I 
 
 So have I feen a river gently glide, \ 
 
 In a fmooth courie, and inofl^enfive tide j 
 But if with dams its current we reflirain, 
 It bears down all, and foams along the plain. 
 
 But 
 
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Poems on federal OccAsioi^s, 207 
 
 But now his fervants came befmear'd with blood, ' 
 Sent by their haughty prince to feize the God ; 
 The God they found not in the frantick throng. 
 But dragg'd a zealous votary along, 
 
 ^he Mariners transform d to 'Dolphins. 
 
 Him Pemhem view'd with fury in his look, 
 And fcarce with-held his hands, while thus he fpoke : 
 " Vile flavef whom fpeedy vengeance (hall purfue, 
 " And terrify thy bafe feditious crew : 
 " Thy country, and thy parentage reveal, 
 " And, why thou join'ft in thefe mad Orgies, tell. 
 
 The captive views him with undaunted eyes, 
 And, arm'd with inward innocence, replies. 
 
 From high Meonia's rocky (hores I came. 
 
 Of poor defcent, Acoates is my name : 
 
 My Sire was meanly born j no oxen plow'd 
 " His fruitful fields, nor in his paftures low'd. 
 " His whole eftate within the Waters lay j 
 
 With lines and hooks he caught the finny prey. 
 " His art was all his livelihood ; which he 
 
 Thus with his dying lips bequeathed to me : 
 
 In ftreams, my boy, and rivers take thy chance,-. 
 
 There fwims, faid he, thy whole inheritance- 
 Long did I live on this poor legacy ,• 
 
 'Till tir'd with rocks, and my own native sky,. 
 
 To arts of navigation I inclined ,• 
 " Obferv'd the turns and changes of the wind: 
 
 " Learn'd 
 
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2o8 Poems on feveral Occasioijs. 
 
 ** Learn'd the fit havens, and began to note 
 " The ftormy HyadeSj the rainy Goat^ 
 " The bright Taygete^ and the fhining Bears, 
 " With all the failor's catalogue of ftars. 
 
 " Once, as by chance for Delos I defign'd, 
 " My veflfel, driv'n by a ftrong guft of wind, 
 " Moor'd in a Cb/afi creek ,• afhore I went, 
 *' And all the following night in Chhs ipent. 
 " When morning rofe, I fent my mates to bring 
 " Supplies of water from a neighb'ring Spring, 
 " Whilft I the motion of the winds explor'd ; 
 *' Then fummon'd in my crew, and went aboard. 
 " Ophehes heard my fummons, and with joy 
 ** Brought to the flioar a (oft and lovely Boy, 
 " With more than female fweetnels in his look, 
 " Whom ftraggling in the neighb'ring fields he took. 
 " With fumes of wine the little captive glows, 
 ** And nods with fleep, and ftaggers as he goes. 
 
 " I view'd him nicely, and began to trace 
 ** Each Heavenly feature, each Immortal grace, 
 " And faw Divinity in all his face. 
 
 * I know not who, faid I, this God (hould be ; 
 
 * But that he is a God I plainly fee : 
 
 * And thou, who-e'er thou art, excufe the force 
 
 * Thefe men have us'd ^ and oh befriend our courfe! 
 
 * Pray not for us, the nimble DtBys cry'd, 
 
 ** D'tBys, that could the Main-top-maft beftride, 
 " And down the ropes with a£tive vigour Aide. 
 " To the fame purpofe old Epopeus fpok?, 
 ^' Who over-look'd the oars, and tim'd the ftroke,- 
 
 The 
 
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 Poems on /everal Occasions. 209 
 
 *' The fame the Pilot, and the fame the reft ; 
 ** Such impious avarice their fouls poffeft. 
 ' Nay, Heaven forbid that I fhould bear away 
 ' Within my veflicl fb divine a prey, 
 
 Said I ; and flood to hinder their intent : 
 
 When LycalpaSy a wretch for murder fent 
 
 From Tf(/canyj to fuffer baniftiment, 
 
 Wi thhis clcnch'd fift had flruck me over-board. 
 
 Had not my hands in faUing grafp'd a cord. 
 
 " His bafe confederates the fad: approve j 
 *' When B^cchfiHj (for 'twas he) begun to move, 
 *' Wak'd by the noife and clamours which they rais'd ; 
 *' And fhook his drowfie limbs, and round him gaz'd: 
 ' What means this noife ? he cries ; am I betray'd ? 
 ' Ah ! whither, whither mud I be convey'd ? 
 
 * Fear not, faid ProreuSj child, but tell us where 
 
 * You wifli to land, and trufl our friendly care, 
 
 * To Naxos then dired: your courfe, faid he ,• 
 
 * Naxos a hofpitable port fhall be 
 
 * To each of you, a joyful home to me. 
 By every God, that rules the fea or sky, 
 The perjur'd villains promife to comply, 
 
 " And bid me haften to unmoor the fliip. 
 
 " With eager joy I launch into the deep j 
 And, heedlefs of the fraud, ioi Naxos ftand : 
 They whifper oft, and beckon with the hand. 
 And give me figns, all anxious for their prey, 
 
 " To tack about, and fteer another way. 
 
 * Then let fome other to my pofl fucceed, 
 
 * Said I, I'm guiltlefs of fo foul a deed, 
 
 Vol. I. E e [ What, 
 
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210 Poems on fe'veral Occksioi^s. 
 
 *■ What, fays Ethaliorij mud tlie {hip's whole crew 
 
 * Follow your humour, and depend on you ? 
 ** And ftrait himfelf he feated at the prore, 
 " And tack'd about, and fought another fliore. 
 
 " The beauteous youth now found himfclf betray'd 
 ** And from the deck the rifing waves furvey'd, 
 '' And feem'd to weep, and as he wept he faidj 
 
 * And do you thus my eafy faith beguile ? 
 
 * Thus do you bear me to my native ifle? 
 
 * Will fuch a multitude of men employ 
 
 * Their ftrength againft a weak defencelefs boy ? 
 
 *' In vain did I the God-like youth deplore, 
 
 *' The more I begg'd, they thwarted me the more^ 
 
 *' And now by all the Gods in Heaven that hear, 
 
 " This folemn oath, by Bacchus felf, I fwear, 
 
 ** The mighty miracle that did enfue, 
 
 ** Although it feems beyond belief, is true. 
 
 " The veffel, fix'd and rooted in the flood, 
 
 ** Unmov'd by all the beating billows flood. 
 
 *' In vain the Mariners would plow the main 
 
 " With fails unfurl'd, and ftrike their oars in vainf j 
 
 *' Around their oars a twining Ivy cleaves, ' 
 
 *' And climbs the maft, and hides the cords in leaves r 1 
 
 *' The fails are cover'd with a chearful green, \ 
 
 " And Berries in the fruitful canvafe feen. 
 
 " Amidft the waves a fudden forreft rears 
 
 " Its verdant head, and a new fpring appears. 
 
 " The God we now behold with open'd eyes j 
 
 " A herd of fpotted Panthers round him lyes 
 
 «' In 
 
7 
 
 Poems on feveraJ Occasions. 2H 
 
 In glaring forms j the grapy clufters fpread 
 ** On his fair brows, and dangle on his head. 
 
 And whilft he frowns, and brandifhes his (pear. 
 
 My mates, furpriz'd with madnefs or with fear, 
 
 Leap'd over-board : firft perjur'd Madon found 
 
 Rough Scales and Fins his (lifF'ning fides furround; 
 ' Ah what, cries one, has thus transform'd thy look ? 
 
 Strait his own mouth grew Wider as he fpoke ,• 
 
 And now himfelf he views with like furprize. 
 
 Still at his oar th' induftrious Lth'^s plies j 
 *' But, as he plies, each bu{y arm fhrinks in. 
 
 And by degrees is fafliion'd to a Fin. 
 
 Another, as he catches at a cord, 
 
 MiiTes his arms, and, tumbling over-board, 
 
 With his broad Fins and Forky Tail he laves 
 
 The rifing furge, and flounces in the waves. 
 
 Thus all my crew transform'd around the fliip, 
 
 Or dive below, or on the furface leap, 
 *^ And fpout the waves, and wanton in the deep. 
 " Full nineteen Sailors did the fliip convey, 
 
 A fiiole of nineteen Dolphins round her play. 
 
 I only in my proper (hape appear, 
 
 Spcechlefs with wonder, and half dead with fear, 
 
 'Till Bacchus kindly bid me fear no more. 
 
 With him I landed on the Ch'tan {bore, 
 " And him ihall ever gratefully adore. 
 
 " This forging flave, fays Pentherts, would prevail 
 " O'er our juft fury, by a far-fetch'd tale: 
 " Go, let him feel the whips, the fwords, the fire, 
 ** And in the tortures of the rack expire. 
 
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2^2 Poems on fever al Occasions. 
 
 Th' officious fervants hurry him away, 
 
 And the poor captive in a dungeon lay. 
 
 But, whilft the whips and tortures are prepar'd, 
 
 The gates fly open, of themfelves unbarr'd ; 
 
 At Hberty th' unfetter'd Captive (lands, 
 
 And flings the loofen'd fhackles from his hands. 
 
 The Death of PeNTHEUS. 
 
 But PentheNSj grown more furious than before, 
 Refolv'd to fend his meflengers no more. 
 But went himfelf to the difl:rad:ed throng, 
 Where high Citharon echo'd with their fong. 
 And as the fiery War-horfe paws the ground. 
 And fnorts and trembles at the trumpet's found j 
 Tranfported thus he heard the frantick rout,. 
 And rav'd and madden'd at the difl:ant fhout. 
 
 A fpacious circuit on the hill there flood. 
 Level and wide, and skirted round with wood j. 
 Here the rafli Pentheus, with unhallow'd eyes, 
 The howling dames and myftick Orgtes fpies. 
 His mother fl:ernly view'd him where he fl:ood. 
 And kindled into madnefs as fhe view'd : 
 Her leafy Jav'Hn at her fon fhe cad, 
 And cries, " The Boar that lays our country waflief 
 " The Boar, my Sillers! aim the fatal dart, 
 " And flrike the brindled monfler to the heart. 
 
 Pentheus aflionifh'd heard the difmal found. 
 And fees the yeUing matrons gath'ring round i 
 
 He 
 
T? OEMS on feveral Occasions. 215 
 
 He fees, and weeps at his approaching fate. 
 And begs for mercy, and repents too late. 
 " Help, help! my aunt Ano^'oe, he cry'd; 
 *^ Remember how your own A5l^on dy'd. 
 Deaf to his cries, the frantick matron crops 
 One ftretch'd-out arm, the other Im lops. 
 In vain does Pentheus to his mother fue. 
 And the raw bleeding (lumps prefents to view : 
 His mother howl'd; and, hcedlefs of his prayer. 
 Her trembling hand flie twifted in his hair, 
 " And this, (he cry'd, fliall be /Agaves (hare. 
 When from the neck his (Iruggling head (he tore. 
 And in her hands the ghaftly vifage bore. 
 With pleafure all the hideous trunk furvey j 
 Then puU'd and tore the mangled limbs away. 
 As ftarting in the pangs of death it lay. 
 Soon as the wood its leafy honours cafts 
 Blown off and fcatter'd by autumnal blafts, 
 With fuch a fudden death lay Pentheus (lain, 
 And in a thoufand pieces ftrow'd the plain. 
 
 By (b diftinguifhing a judgment aw'd. 
 The Thebans tremble, and confefs the God. 
 
 The 
 
214 Poems on feveral OccAsiotijs, 
 
 The Story of Salmacis and Hermaphroditus. 
 
 From the Fourth Book of Ovi o'i Aletamorphofes. 
 
 HO W Salmach, with weak enfeebling flreams 
 Softens the body, and unnerves the Hmbs, 
 And what the fecret caufe, fliall here be (hown ; 
 The caufe is fecret, but th' effed is known. 
 
 The Naiads nurft an infant heretofore. 
 That C<ytherea once to Hermes bore : 
 From both th' illuftrious authors of his race 
 The child was nam'd j nor was it hard to trace 
 Both the bright Parents through the Infant's face. 
 When fifteen years, in Ida's cool retreat, 
 The Boy had told, he left his native feat. 
 And fought frefh fountains in a foreign foil ; 
 The pleafure leffen'd the attending toil. 
 With eager fleps the L'yc'mn fields he crofl. 
 And fields that border on the Lycian coaft; 
 A river here he view'd fo lovely bright. 
 It fhev/'d the bottom in a fairer light, 
 Nor kept a fand conceal'd from human fight. 
 The flream produc'd nor flimy ooze, nor weeds, 
 Nor miry rufhes, nor the fpiky reeds ; 
 But dealt enriching moiflure all around. 
 The fruitful banks with chearful verdure crown'd. 
 And kept the fpring eternal on the ground. 
 
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 Poems on fevera/ Occasions, 215 
 
 A Nymph prefixes, nor pradis'd in the chace. 
 Nor skilful at the bow, nor at the race ; 
 Of all the blue-ey'd daughters of the main. 
 The only ftranger to Diayia^s train : 
 Her Sifters often, as 'tis faid, wou*d cry 
 
 Fie Salmac'tSy what always idle ! fie. 
 
 Or take thy Quiver, or thy Arrows feize, 
 " And mix the toils of hunting with thy eafe. 
 Nor Quiver ihe nor Arrows e'er would feize. 
 Nor mix the toils of hunting with her eafe. 
 But oft would bathe her in the chryftal tide. 
 Oft with a comb her dewy locks divide j 
 Now in the limpid ftreams flie view'd her face. 
 And dreft her image in the floating glals: 
 On beds of leaves (lie now repos'd her limbs, 
 Now gather'd flowers that grew about her ftreams ; 
 And then by chance was gathering, as ftie ftood 
 To view the Boy, and long'd for what ftie view'd. 
 
 Fain wou'd Ihe meet the youth with hafty feet. 
 She fain wou'd meet him, but refus'd to meet 
 Before her looks were fet with niccft care. 
 And well deferv'd to be reputed fair. 
 
 Bright youth, {he cries, whom all thy features prove 
 
 A God, and, if a God, the God of lovej 
 
 But if a Moitalj bleft thy Nurfe's breaft, 
 
 Bleft are thy Parerrts, and thy Sifters bleft : 
 
 But oh how bleft ! how more than bleft thy Bride, 
 
 Ally'd in blil^, if any yet ally'd. 
 
 If fo, let mine the Stoln enjoyments be 5 
 
 If not, behold a willing Bride in me. 
 
 ^ The 
 
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2i6 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 The boy knew nought of love, and toucht with fhame. 
 He ftrove, and bluiht, but ftill the blufh became : 
 In rifing bluflies ftill frefti beauties rofe ; 
 The funny fide of Fruit fuch bluflies fliows. 
 And fuch the Moon, when all her filver white 
 Turns in eclipfcs to a ruddy light. 
 The Nymph ftill begs, if not a nobler blifs, 
 A cold falute at leaft, a Sifter's kifs : 
 And now prepares to take the lovely Boy 
 Between her arms. He innocently coy, 
 Replies, '' Or leave me to my felf alone, 
 " You rude uncivil Nymph, or I'll be gone. 
 " Fair ftranger then, fays flie, it fhall be fo ; 
 And, for ftie fcar'd his threats, fhe feign'd to go ; 
 But hid within a covert's neighbouring green, 
 She kept him ftill in fight, her felf unfeen. 
 The Boy now fancies all the danger o'er. 
 And innocently fports about the ftiore, 
 Playful and wanton to the ftream he trips. 
 And dips his foot, and ftiivers, as he dips. 
 The coolnefs pleas'd him, and with eager hafte 
 His airy garments on the banks he caft ; 
 His godhke features, and his heavenly hue, 
 And all his beauties were cxpos'd to view. 
 His naked limbs the Nymph with rapture fpies, 
 While hotter paflions in her bofom rife, . 
 Flufti in her cheeks, and fparkle in her eyes. 
 She longs, ftie burns to clafp him in her arms, 
 And looks, and fighs, and kindles at his charms. 
 
 Now 
 
7 
 
 Poems d?;; 7^1'^r^/ Occasions. 217 
 
 Now all undreft upon the banks he ftood. 
 And clapt his fides, and leapt into the flood : 
 His lovely limbs the filver waves divide, 
 His limbs appear more lovely through the tide; 
 As Lilies (hut within a cryftal cafe, 
 
 Receive a gloffy luftre from the glafs. V C 
 
 " He's mine, he's all my own, the A^^/W cries. 
 And flings off all, and after him flie flies. 
 And now ihe faftens on him as he fwims. 
 And holds him clofe, and wraps about his limbs. 
 The more the Boy refifted, and was coy, 
 The more fhe dipt, and kift the flruggling Boy. 
 So when the wrigling Snake is fnatcht on high 
 In Eagle's claws, and hiflfes in the sky, 
 Around the foe his twirling tail he flings, 
 And twills her legs, and writhes about her wings. 
 
 The rcftlefs Boy ftill obftinately ftrove 
 To free himfclf, and fl:ill rcfus'd her love. 
 Amidfl: his limbs flie kept her limbs intwin'd, 
 " And why, coy youth, fhe cries, why thus unkind! 
 '* Oh may the Gods thus keep us ever Join'd ! 
 ** Oh may we never, never Part again ! 
 So pray'd the Nymph, nor did flie pray in vain : 
 For now flie finds him, as his limbs flie preft, 
 Grow nearer flill, and nearer to her breaflj 
 'Till, piercing each the other's flefli, they run 
 Together, and incorporate in One: 
 Laft in one face are both their faces join'd, 
 As when the fl:ock and grafted twig combin'd 
 Shoot up the fame, and wear a common rind; 
 
 Vol. I. F f Both 
 
ai8 Poems on fever al Occasions. 
 
 Both bodies in a fingle body mix, 
 A fingle body with a double Tex. 
 
 The Boy, thus loft in Woman, now furvey'd 
 The river's guilty ftream, and thus he pray'd. 
 (He pray'd, but wonder'd at his fofter tone, 
 Surpriz'd to hear a voice but half his own) 
 You Parent-Gods, whofe heavenly names I bear, 
 Hear your Hermaphrodite y and grant my prayer ,- 
 Oh grant, that whomfoe'er thefe ftreams contain. 
 If Man he enter'd, he may rife again 
 Supple, unfinew'd, and but Haifa Man! 
 
 The heavenly Parents anfwer'd, from on high. 
 Their two-{hap'd fon, the double votary ,• 
 Then gave a fecret virtue to the flood, 
 .And ting'd its fouice to make his wifhes good. 
 
 NOTES 
 
NOTES. 219 
 
 Notes on fome of the foregoing Stories in 
 OvidV Metamorphofes. 
 
 On the Story of Phaeton, page 144. 
 
 TH E Story of Phaeton is told 'ujith a greater air of majejly 
 and grandeur than any other in ail Ovid. It is indeed the 
 TNoJi important fuhjeU he treats of except the Deluge ; and I can- 
 not but belie've that this is the Conflagration he hints at in the flrji 
 Book; 
 
 Efle quoque in fatis reminifcitur afforc tcmpus 
 Quo marc, quo tell us, Coircptaquc Regia coeli 
 Ardeat et mundi moles opcrola laboret. 
 
 {tho' the learned apply thofe "verfes to the future hurning of the •world) 
 for it fully anflwers that defcription, if the 
 
 Coeli miferere tui, circumfpica utiumquc, 
 
 Fumat uterquc polus. ► 
 
 Fumat uterque polus comes up to Coireptaque Regia coeli — 
 
 Befides it is Oivd'j- cujlom to prepare the reader for a folloii^higjloryy 
 hy gi'vtng fome inti?nations of it in a foregoing oiie, •which nvas more 
 particularly neceffary to be done bejore he led us into fo Jlrange a jlory 
 as this he is nonu upon. 
 
 P. 144. 1. 7. For in the portal, i^r.] IVe ha've here the picture 
 of the uni'verfe dra'wn in little. 
 
 Balamarumquc prementem 
 :ga lacertis. 
 F f a i€geon 
 
 itgeona (uis immunia tersa lacertis. 
 
220 NOTES. 
 
 JE^eon mahs a (Ihertifig figure in it. 
 
 Fdcies non omnibus Una 
 
 Nee Diver{a tamen : qualcm decet eflfe fbrorum. 
 
 The thought is "very pretty, of gi'vifig Doris and her daughters fuch a 
 difference in their looks as is 7iatural to different perfons, and yet fuch a 
 likenefs as fionxfd their affnity. 
 
 Terra viros, urbefque gerit, {ylvafcjue, ferafque, 
 Fluminaque, et Nymphas, et carcera numina Ruris. 
 
 The lefs important figures are •well huddled together in the promifcuous de- 
 fcription at the endj luhich 'very 'well reprefents "what the Painters call a 
 Grouppe. 
 
 -Circum caput omne micantes 
 
 Depofuit radios j propiufque accedere juflit. 
 
 p. 14^. 1. i. And flung the blaze, ^c] It gi<ves us a great image 
 of Phoe.bus, that the youth loas forced to look on him at a dijlance, and 
 fiot able to approach him 'till he had laid afide the circle of rays that 
 cajl fuch a glory about his head. And indeed 'we may e'very lohere ob-^ 
 fernje in Ovid, that he ne^er fails of a due Loftinefs in his Ideas, tho' 
 he ivants it in his Words. And this I think infinitely better than to ha^ve 
 fublime exprejfions and mean thoughts, 'which is generally the true cha- 
 raBer of Claudian and Statius. But this is not confiderd by them 'who 
 run do'wn Ovid in the grofs, for a lo'w middle nvay of 'writing. What 
 can be more fimple and unadorned than his defcription of Enceladus in 
 the Jixth book f 
 
 Nititur ille quidem, pugnatque refurgere fope, 
 Dextra fed Aufonio manus eft fubjedta Peloro, 
 LcEva Pachyne tibi, Lilibxo crura premuntur, 
 Degravat >£tna caput, Tub qua refupinus arenas 
 Ejedat, flammamque fero vomit ore Typhxus. 
 
 But 
 
NOTES. 221 
 
 But the image nve ha've here is truly great and fuhJime^ of a Giant 'vo- 
 miting out .a tempejl of fire y and heading up all Sicily, nxith the body 
 of an Ijland upon his Breajl, and a njajl Promontory on either Artn. 
 
 There are feiv hooks that ha^ve had 'worfe Commejitators 07i them than 
 OvidV Metamorphofis. Thofe cf the gra-ver fort have been 'vjholly 
 taken up in the ivlythologies, and think they have appeared very judi- 
 cious^ if they have JJoen^m us out of an old author that Ovid is mijla- 
 hen in a Pedigree^ or has turned fiich a perfon into a Ifolf that ought 
 to have been made a Tiger. Others have employed themfelves on ivhat 
 •never entered into the Poet's thongJ:)ts, in adapting a dull moral to eve- 
 ry (lory, and making the perfons of his poems to be only nick-names for 
 fuch virtues or vices j particularly the pious Comnentatory Alexander 
 Rofs, has dived deeper into our Author s deftQii than any of the rejl ; 
 for he difcovers in him the greatejl myfleries of the Chrijlian religion j and 
 finds almofl in every page fome typical representations of the Jforldy the 
 Fle/h, and the Devil. But if thefe ivriters have gone too deep, others 
 have been voholly employed in the furface, tnojl of them fervino- only to 
 help out a School-boy in the conjlruing part ; or if they go out of their 
 'ivayy it is only to mark out the Glioma: of the Author, as they call 
 themy vjhich are generally the heaviejl pieces of a Poet, diflinguijhed 
 from the rejl by Icalian characters. The bejl of OvidV Expojitors is 
 he that vsrote for the DauphinV ufe, ivho has very voell Jlse^u^n the 
 meaning of the author y but feldom refle&s on his beauties or imperfeBi- 
 ons ; for in moji places he rather a^s the Geographer than the Criticky 
 and injlead of pointing out the finenefs of a defcriptiony only tells you in 
 ivhat part of the 'world the place is jituated. I Jball therefore only 
 confider Ovid under the charaBer of a Poet, and endeavour to (Jjev) 
 him impartially!, 'without the ufual prejudice of a Travflator j vjhich I 
 am the more 'willing to do, becaufe I believe fuch a comment 'would 
 give the reader a truer tajle of poetry than a comment on any other Poet 
 'woud do ; for in refeBing on the ancient PoetSy men think they may 
 venture to praife all they meet 'with in fome, and fcarce any thing in 
 others y but Ovid is confejl to have a mixture of both kinds, to have 
 fcmething of the bejl and 'worji poets, and by confequence to be the 
 fairejl fuhjeci for criticifm. P. 14 (J. 
 
222 NOTES. 
 
 p. 14.C. I. 15. My {on, fays he, ^r.] Vhcchus s fpeech is njery 
 ftohly ujherd ifty "with the Terque quaterque Concuciens Illuftre caput 
 
 and 'well reprefents the danger and difficulty of the undertaking; 
 
 hut that 'which is its peculiar beauty , and makes it truly Ovid'x, is the 
 reprefenting them jujl as a father nxioud to his young fon ; 
 
 Per tamen adverfi gradieris cornua Tauri, 
 Hxmoniofque arcus, violentique ora Leonis, 
 Sarvaque circuitu curvantem brachia longo 
 Scorpion, atque aliter curvantem brachia Cancrum. 
 
 for one 'while he fcares him 'with hughears in the 'way, 
 
 Vafti quoque redor Olympi, 
 
 ^i fera terrihili jaculetur fulmina Dextrd 
 
 Non agac hos currus •, et quid Jove majus hahetur ? 
 
 Dcprrcor hoc unum quod vero nomine Poena, 
 Non honor efl". PaJiam, 'Phaeton, pro munere pofcis. 
 
 and in other places perfeBly tattles like a Father, 'which hy the nvay 
 makes the length of the fpeech 'very natural, and concludes 'with all the 
 fondnefs and concern of a tender Parent. 
 
 Patrio Pater efTe metu probor. afpice vultjis 
 
 Ecce meos ; utinamque oculos in pe6tore pofles 
 Inferere, et Patrias intus deprendere curas I ^c. 
 
 P. 148. 1. io. A golden axle, ^c] Owi^ has more turns and 
 repetitions in his 'words than any of the Latin Poets, 'which are al'ways 
 ^wonderfully eajie and natural in him. The repetition of Aureus, and 
 the tranjition to Argenteus, in the defcription of the Chariot, gfve thefe. 
 'verfes a great fweetnefs and majejly. 
 
 Aureus Axis erat, temo Aureus, Aurea fummse 
 Curvatura Rotx ; radiorum Argenteus ordo. 
 
 3 P. 14P. L 15:! 
 
NOTES. ■^ 223 
 
 P. r4«). 1. I J. Drive 'em not on dircdiy, c^r.] Se<verah ha^de 
 endea'voured to ^vindicate Ovid againjl the old ohjeB'totiy that he mijlakes 
 the annual for the diurnal motion oj the Sun. The DauphinV notes tell 
 us that Ovid knenv "very iiell the Sun did not pafs through all the Signs 
 he names in one day, but that he makes Phoebus mention them only 
 to frighten Phaeton from the undertaking. But though this may an^ 
 pwer for ivhat Phoebus fays in his firjl fpeech, it cannot for ijl^at isjaid 
 in thisy 'where he is aBually gi'ving dtreBions for his journey, and plainly 
 
 Sedus in obhquum eft lato Curvamine Hmcs. 
 Zonarumque tiium contentus fine polumquc 
 Effugic auftralem, jundamquc Aquilonibus Ardon. 
 
 defcrihes the motion through all the Zodiac. 
 
 P. 150. 1. 2. And not my chariot, ^t.] Ovid'j "verfe is Con- 
 filiis non Curribus utcre noftris. This 'way of joining fwo fuch different 
 Ideas as Chariot and Counfel to the fame 'verb is mightily ufed by Ovid, 
 hut is a wery lonv kind of ivit, and has alnvays in it a mixture of Pun, 
 hecaufe the 'verb mujl he taken in a different fenfe 'when it is joined "with 
 one of the things, from 'what it has in conjunUion 'with the other. Thus 
 in the end oj this Jlory he tells you that Jupiter /?«wg a thunderbolt at 
 Phaeton — Pariterque, animaque, rotifque expuht Aurigam, 'where he 
 makes a forced piece of Latin (Anima expuht aurigam) that he may 
 couple the Soul and the Wheels to the fame 'verb. 
 
 ibid. 1. penult. Then the (even ftars, ^^.] I 'wonder none of Ovid's 
 Commentators ha've taken notice of the o'verjjght he has committed in this 
 'verfe, 'where he makes the Triones gronjj 'warm before there 'was e'ver 
 fuch aftgn in the heauens •, for he tells us in this 'very book, that Jupiter 
 turned Cahfto into this conjlellation, after he had repaired the ruines that 
 Phaeton had made in the 'world. 
 
 Ibid. 1. 17. The youth was in a maze, e^c] It is impojflble for 
 a man to be dra'wn in a greater confujion than Phaeton is; but the An- 
 
 tithc/is 
 
224 NOTES. 
 
 tithefis of light and darhnefs a little flattens the defcription. Suntqiie 
 Oculis tenebra; per tantum lumen abortar. 
 
 P. I 5 1. 1. 14. Athos and Tmolusj ^c.'] Ovid has here, after the 
 ivay of the old Poets, giuen us a catalogue of the mountains and rivers 
 ivhich 'vjere burnt. But, that I might not tire the Englifh reader, I 
 haqje left out fome of them that make "no figure in the defer iption, and 
 inserted the order of the rejl according as the fmoothnefs of my werfe re^ 
 quird. 
 
 P. 155. I. 15). 'Twas then, they {ay, the fwarthy Moor, c^c. ] 
 This is the only Metamorphofis in all this long Jlory, 'which contrary to 
 cujlom is inferted in the middle of it. The Criticks may determine 'whe- 
 ther njjhat jollonvs it be not too great an excurjion in him 'who propofes it 
 as his 'whole defign to let us know the changes of things. I dare fay 
 that if Ovid had not religioufiy obferved the reports of the ancient My- 
 thologifts, nve Jhould ha^ve feen Phaeton turned into fome creature or 
 other that hates the light of the Sun; or perhaps into an Eagle that Jlill 
 takes pleafure to gaze on it. 
 
 P. 154. 1. 10. The frighted M7^, ^^.] Ov'iAhas made a great ma- 
 ny pleafant images tonvards the latter end of this Jlory. His "verfes on 
 the Nile 
 
 Nilus in extremum fugit perterritus orbem 
 Occuluitque capat quod adhuc latet: oftia (eptem 
 Pulverulenta vacant, (eptem fine Flumine Valles. 
 
 are as noble as Virgil could ha<ve 'written ; hut then he ought not to 
 ha've mentioned the channel of the fea afterwards, 
 
 Mare contrahitur, (icca^que eft campus Arenx. 
 
 lecaufe the thought is too near to the other. The image of the Cyclades 
 is a 'very pretty one j 
 
 — Quos 
 
NOTES. 225 
 
 Qlios altum texerac arquor 
 
 Exiftuht montes, et fparfas Cycladas augeiit. 
 
 but to tell us that the Snvans gre'vj nuarm in Cayfter, 
 
 Medio volucres caluere Cayftro. 
 
 and that the Dolphins durjl not leap, 
 
 - — Nee fe fuper a^quora curvi 
 
 Tollere confuctas audent Delphines in auras.^ 
 
 is intolerably tri'vial on fo ^eat a fubJeB as the Iwrning of the 
 •world. 
 
 P. 155. 1. 3. The Eardi at lengdi, &c.'\ We ha^ve here a ffeech 
 of the Earth, n^hich nvill doubtlefs feetn n)ery unnatural to an Enghfti 
 reader. It is I hehe've the boldeji Profopopoeia of any in the old Poets ^ 
 or if it 'were ne^ver fo natural, I cannot but think JJoe fpeaks too much in 
 any reafon for one in her condition. 
 
 On Euro pa's Rape, page 180. 
 
 P. 181. 1. I. The dignity of empire, (jrc.'\ Thisjlory is prettily 
 told, and wery ivell brought in by thofe t'wo ferious lines, 
 
 Non bene conveniunt, nee in una (cde morantur, 
 Majeftas et Amor. Sceptri gravitate rcUdta, d^c. 
 
 'without 'which the 'whole fable 'would have appeared 'very prophane. 
 
 P. 182. 1. II. The frighted Nymph looks, <^<r.] This conjlerna- 
 tion and beha'viour of Europa 
 
 Elufam defignat imagine tauri 
 
 Europen : verum taurum, fieta vera putaras. 
 
 Vol. 1. G g Ipfi 
 
226 ' NOTES. 
 
 Ipfa videbatur terras {pedare relidas, 
 
 Et comites clamare fuas, tadumque vereri 
 
 Affilientis aqua:, timidafque reducere plantas. 
 
 h better defcrihed in ArachneV pi&ure in the Jixth hooJ:, than it ts 
 here j and in the beginning of Tatius his Clitophon and Leucippe, 
 than in either place. It is indeed ujual among the Latin Foets {ivho 
 had more art and refeHion than the Grecian) to take hold of all oppor- 
 tunities to defcribe the pi^ure of any place or aUtony 'which they gene- 
 rally do better than they could the place or aUion if felf; becaufe in the 
 defcription of a piBure you have a double fubjeB before you, either to 
 defcribe the piUure it Jelf, or ivhat is reprefented in it. 
 
 On the Stories in the Third Book? page 183. 
 
 . FAB. I. 
 
 There is fo great a variety in the arguments of the Metamorphofes,. 
 that he 'who 'would treat of 'em rightly^ ought to be a majler of all Jlyles, 
 ande'very different 'way of 'writing. Ovid indeed Jho'ws himjelf mojl in a 
 familiar Jiory J 'where the chief grace is to be eajie and natural-^ but 'wants 
 neither jlrength of thought nor exprej/ion, 'when he endeavours after it, 
 in the more fublime and manly fubjeBs . of his poem. In the prefent 
 fable the Serpent is terribly defcribed, and his behaviour very 'well ima- 
 gined, the aUions of both parties in the encounter are natural, and the 
 language that reprefents them more Jlrong and mafculine than 'what 'we 
 ufually meet 'with in this Poet : if there he any faults in the narration, 
 they are thefe^ perphaps, 'which follo'w. 
 
 P. 18 J. I. \6. Spire above fpire, c^^c."] Ovid, to male his Ser- 
 pent more terrible , and to raife the charaBer of his Champion, has given too 
 great a loofe to his imagination, and exceeded all the hounds of probability. 
 He tells us, that 'when he raifed up hut half his body he over-looked a tall 
 forejl of Oaks, and that his 'whole body 'was as large as that of the 
 Serpent in the shies. None hut a madman 'would have attached fuch a 
 
 monjler 
 
NOTES. 227 
 
 monger as this is defcrihed to h^ mr can ive have any fiotion of a 
 mortal's Jlandiug againji him. Virgil is not 0jhamed of making JEnt- 
 as fly and tremble at the fight of a far fefs formidable foe, inhere he 
 gives us the defcriftim of Polyphemus, in the third hook ; he knew 
 (very nuell that a monfler nvas not a proper enemy for his hero to en- 
 counter : But ive Jhoitld certainly have feen Cadmus henving do'wn the 
 Cyclops, had he fallen in Ovid'/ nuay ; or if Statius'x little Tydeus 
 had been thronxm on Sicily, it is probable he ''ojottld not have /pared one 
 of the nuhole brotherhood. 
 
 Phoenicas, five illi tela parabant, 
 
 Sive fugam, five ip(e timor pioliibcbat utrumquc, 
 Occupat : 
 
 Ibid. 1. 15. In vain the Tyriansy c^c] The Poet could not keep up 
 his narration all along, in the grandeur and magnificence of an heroick 
 jlyk : He has here funk into the fatnefs of profe, lihere he tells us the 
 behaviour of the Tyriaiis at the fight of the Serpent : 
 
 — — Tegimen direpta Leoni 
 
 Pellis erac •, telum {plendeiiti Lancea ferro, 
 
 Et Jaculum ,• teloque animus prxftantior onini. 
 
 And in a fe^w lives after lets drop the majejly of his verfe, for the fake 
 cf one of his little turns, Ho^w does he languijh in that ivhich feems 
 a labour d line ? Triftia faniruinea lambentem vulncra lincrua. And 
 *what pains dues he take to exprefs the Serpent's breaking the force of 
 the firokcy by Jbrinking hack from itf 
 
 Sed leve vulnus erat, quia fe retrahcbat ab iclu, 
 La:{aque colla dabat retro, plagamque (edere 
 Cedendo fecit, nee longius ire finebat. 
 
 P. 188. 1. 14. And flings the future, ^r.] fin defcription of the 
 Men fifing out of the ground is as beautiful a pajfage as any in Ovid : 
 It firikes the imagination vejy Jh'ongly j ive fee their motion in the firfi 
 part of it, and their multitude in the MclTis virorum at lafi, 
 
 G g 2 Ibid. 
 
2a8 NOTES. 
 
 Ihid. 1, I p. The breathing harveft, c§^r.] MefTis clypeata virorum. 
 The beauty in thefe 'words nvould ha^ve been greater , had only Meflis vi- 
 rorum heen exprejfed ^without clypeata j for the readers mind <would 
 ha've heen delisted ixiith Tvjo fuch deferent Ideas compounded together, 
 hut can fcarce attend to fuch a complete image as is made out of all 
 Three. 
 
 This ivay of mixing t'wo different Ideas together in one image, as it 
 is a great furprize to the reader, is a great beauty in poetry^ if there he 
 fujjicie',2t ground for it in the nature of the thing that is defcribed. The 
 Latin Poets are "very full of it, efpecially the loorji of them, for the 
 more correB ufe it hut fparingly, as indeed the nature of things 'will fel~ 
 dom afford a jujl occajion for it. When any thing ive defcrihe has ac- 
 cidentally in it fome quality that feems repugnant to its nature, or is "very 
 extraordinary and uncommon in things of that fpecies, fuch a compounded 
 image as ive are now fpeaking of is made, by turning this quality into an 
 epithete of ivhat nve defcrihe. Thus Claudian, ha<vinggot a hollow hall 
 of Cryflal 'with 'water in the midfi of it for his fuhjeU, takes the ad" 
 'vantage of confidering the Cryjlal as hard, Jlony, precious JVater, and 
 the Water as foft, fluid, imperfeU Cryflal ^ and thus fports off ahoue a 
 dozen Epigrams, in fetting his Words and Ideas at 'variance among one 
 another. He has a great many beauties of this nature in him, but he 
 qi'ves himfelf up fo much to this 'way of 'writing, that a man may eafily 
 know 'where to meet 'with them 'when he fees his fuhjeU, and often Jlrains 
 fo hard for them that he many times makes his defcriptions homhajlic and 
 unnatural. What 'work 'would he ha've made 'with Virgil'j Golden Bough, 
 had he heen to defcrihe it ? We Jhould certainly ha've feen theyello'w Bark, 
 golden Sprouts, radiant Lea'ves, blooming Metal, branching Gold, and 
 all the parrels that could haue been raifed het'ween 'words of fuch diffe^ 
 rent natures ; Wloen 'we fee Virgil contented 'with his Auri frondentis ♦, 
 
 and 'what is the fame , though much finer expre^ed, Frondefcit virga 
 
 Metallo. 7his compofttion of different Ideas is often met 'with in a 'whole 
 fentence, 'where circumjlances are happily reconciled that feem 'wholly^ 
 foreign to each other-, and is often found among the Latin FoetSy {for 
 
 the 
 
7 
 
 NOTES. 259 
 
 the Greeks 'wanted Art for it) in their defer iptions of Pi&ures, Images, 
 Dreams, Apparitions, Metamorphofes, and the like ,• ivhere they bring to- 
 gether twofuch thwarting Ideas, by making ove part of their defcriptions 
 relate to the reprefentation, and the other to the thing that is rcprefented. 
 Of this nature is that njerfe, '-ohich, perhaps, is the IVitticjl in Virgil ; 
 Attollcns humeris Famamque ecFata nepotum, ^11. 8. 'where he de- 
 fcrihes ^ncas carrying on his Shoulders the Reputation and Fortunes of 
 his Pojierity ; 'which, though wery odd and furprizing, is plainly made out, 
 'when 'we conjider ho'w thefe difagreeing Ideas are reconciled, and his Pojie- 
 rity s fame and fate made portable by being engra'ven on theJJneld. Thus, 
 •when Ovid tells us that Pallas tore in pieces Arachne'j "work, 'where 
 Jhe had embroidered all the rapes that the Gods had committed, he fays 
 
 Rupic coelcftia Crimina. I Jhall conclude this tedious refleSfion 'with 
 
 an excellent Jlroke of this nature, out of Mr. MontaguV Poem to the 
 King J 'where he tells us ho'w the King of France -would ha've been cele- 
 Irated by his fubJeSls, if he had e-ver gained fuch an honourable 'wound 
 as King William'j at the fight of the Boin : 
 
 His bleeding arm had furnifli'd all their rooms. 
 And run for c\er purple in the Looms. 
 
 FAB ir. 
 
 P. 18 p. 1. 13. Fiere Cadmus reign'd.] This is a pretty folemn tran- 
 fit ion to the Jlory of Adla^on, 'V)hich is all naturally told. The Goddefs, 
 and her Maids undrejjtng her, are defcribed 'with di'verting circum- 
 Jlances, A^xons flight, confujion and griefs are pajfionattly repre- 
 fented •, but it is pity the 'whole Narration Jhould be fo carelejly 
 clofed up. 
 
 Ut abefle queruntur, 
 
 Nee capere oblata: fcgnem (pedacula prxdaj. 
 Vellec abelTe quidem, (ed adeft, vellecque videre-, 
 Non etmm fentire, Canum fera fada fuorum. 
 
 P. I5>*. 
 
230 NOTES. 
 
 P. t5>t. I. to. A gefiefous pick, c^c] J ha<t}e mt here trouh'Ied 
 my felf to call over A€txon.'s pack of dogs in rhime : Spot and White- 
 foot make hut a mean figure in heroick njerfsy and the Greek names Ovid 
 tifes <vjould found a great deal <vJorfe. He clofes up his onvn catalogue 
 
 nvith A ki?id of a jefl on it, Qiiofque referre mora eft ivhich, by 
 
 the 'way, is too light and full of humour for the other Jerious parts of 
 this fiory. 
 
 This nvay of inferting Catalogues of proper names in their Poems, the 
 Latins took from the Greeks, but have made them more pkafant than 
 thofe they imitate, by adapting fo many delightful charaSiers to their per- 
 fons names; in 'which part OvidV copioufnefs of in'vention, and great 
 injight into nature, has gi<ven him the precedence to all the Poets that 
 ever came before or after him. The fmoothnefs of our Englifli verfe 
 is too much lofl by the repetition of proper names, njohich is otherivije very 
 natural and abfolutely necefary in fame cafes ; as before a battel, to raife 
 in our minds an anf^'erahle expeBation of the event, and a lively Idea of 
 the numbers that are engaged. For had Homer or Virgil only told us 
 in fwo or three lines before their fights, that there njjere forty thoufand of 
 each fide, our imagination could not pojjthly have been fo affeSfed, as nuhen 
 voe fee every Leader finked out, and every Regiment in a manner dravm 
 tip before our eyes. 
 
 FAB. III. 
 
 P. 13)4. 1. 10. How Semele, (jrc.'\ This is one of Ovid's finijhed 
 jlories. The tranfition to it is proper and unforced : Juno, in her tnuo 
 fpeeches, aUs incomparably nvell the parts of a refenting Goddefs and a 
 tatling Nurfe: Jupiter makes a very majeflick figure vjith his Thunder and 
 Lightning, but it is Jlill fuch a one as Jho'ws 'who drenv it , for nuho does 
 not plainly difcover Ovid'j hand in the 
 
 Qua tamen ufque poteft, vires fibi demere tentat. 
 Nee, quo centimanum dejccerac i^ne Typhoea> 
 
 Nunc 
 
NOTES. 251 
 
 Nunc armamr co : nimium feritatis in illo. 
 Eft aliud levius fulmen, cui dextia Cyclopum 
 Sxvidx flammsque minus, minus addidit Irar, 
 Tela Secunda vocant fuperi.- — -r-r 
 
 P. ip^. I. 10. 'Tis well, fays flie, e^c] Virgil has made aBcroc 
 (^ one of hh Goddejps in the fifth yEneid^ hut if 'we compare thefpeech 
 Jhe there makes 'with that of her name-fake in this Jiory, ive may find the 
 genius of each Poet difcoijering itfelf in the language of the Nurfe : Vir- 
 gil'/ Iris could not ha've fpoken more majejlically in her onvn Jbape j but 
 Juno is fo much altered from her felf in Ovid, that the Goddefs ts quite 
 lojl in the Old ivoman.- 
 
 F A B. v.. 
 
 PI 10^. 1. penult. She can't begin, ^c.] If playing on 'words 
 he excufahle in any Poem it is in this, 'where Echo, is a fpeaker j hut 
 it is fo mean a kind of 'wit, that if it deferi/es excufe it can claim ?io 
 more. 
 
 Mr. Locke, in his Eflay oi human undcrftanding, has given us 
 the hejl account of Wit in JJoort, that can any "where he met 'with. Wit, 
 fays he, lyes in the ajfemhlage of Ideas, and putting thofe together "with 
 quicknefs and 'variety y ""wherein can he found any refemhlance or conqrui- 
 ty, thereby to make up pleafant piFfures and agreeable 'viftons in the fan- 
 cy. Thus does True 'wit, as this incomparable Author ohferqjesy conftji in 
 the Likenefs of Ideas, and is ?nore or lefs Wit, as this likenefs in Ideas 
 is more fmprizing and unexpe&ed. But as True 'wit is nothing elfe but 
 a fimilitude in Ideas, fo is Falfc 'wit the fimilitude in Words, 'whether 
 it lyes in the likenefs of Letters only, as in Anagram and Acrojiic ; or of 
 Syllables, as in Doggrel rhimes j or "whole Words, as Puns, Echo's, and 
 the like. Befide thefe fwo kinds of Falfe and True "wit, there is ano- 
 ther of a middle nature, that has fomething of both in it. If- hen in 
 t'wo Ideas that ha've fome refemhlance 'with each other, and are both ex- 
 prefed by the fame 'word, au<? make ufe of the ambiguity of the 'word to 
 
 /peak 
 
232 NOTES. 
 
 fpeak that cf one Idea inchjded under it, luhich is proper to the other. 
 Thus, for example, mojl languages ha^ve hit on the nvord, nvhich proper- 
 ly Jignijies Fire, to exprefs Loi'e by, {and therefore <nje way he Cure there 
 is fome refemhlance in the Ideas mankind have of them.,) from hence the 
 ^itty Poees of all languages, ivhen they ha^ve once called Loi'e a frey 
 conjidcr it no longer as the pajfion, hut fpeak of it under the notion of 
 a real f re, and, as the turn of nvit requires, makes the fame ivord in 
 the fams fentence (land for either of the Ideas that is annexed to it. 
 1^'hen Ovid's ApoWo falls in love he hums 'with a nenv fame; mihen 
 the Se^-Nymphs languijh 'with this pajion, they kindle in the 'water -, 
 the GvcckEpigrammatiJl fell in love 'with one that flung a fnonv-ball at him, 
 and therefore takes occafion to admire ho-iv fire could he thus concealed 
 in fnonj). In JJoort, 'whenever the Poet feels any thing in this lo<ve that 
 refemhles fomething in fre, he carries on this agreement into a kind of 
 allegory ^ hut if, as in the preceding injlances, he finds any circumjlance 
 in his love contrary to the nature of fire, he calls his, love a fire, and 
 hy joini?ig this circumjlance to it furprifes his reader 'with a feeming con- 
 tradiBion. I Jhould not have d'welt fo long on this injlance, had it not 
 been fo frequent in Ovid, vjho is the greateji admirer of this mixed <wit 
 of all the Ancients, as our Cowley is among the Moderns. Homer, 
 Virgil, Horace, and the greateji Poets, fcorned it, as indeed it is only 
 jit jor Epigram and little copies of verfes ; one 'would 'wonder therefore 
 hovo fo fuhlime a genius as Milton could jometimes fall into it, in fuch 
 a ivork as an Epic Poem. But 'we mujl attribute it to his humouring 
 the vicious tajle oj the age he lived in, and the falfe judgement oj our 
 Milearned Englijh readers in general, 'who have fevj of them a relijh of 
 the more majculine and noble beauties oj Poetry. 
 
 FAB. VI. 
 
 Ovid jeems particularly pleajed 'with the jubjeB of this jlory, hut has 
 notorioujly fallen into a fault he is often taxed ivith, of not kwwing 
 'when he has jaid enough, hy his endeavouring to excel. Ho'w has he 
 turned and fwijled that one thought of NarciflfusV being the perfon he'- 
 loved f and the lover too f 
 
 Cun<aa- 
 
NOTES. 233 
 
 Cundaque miratur quibus efi; mirabilis ipfe. 
 
 Qlii probat, ipfe probatur. 
 
 Dumqiie pecic pecitur, paricerque iiicendit et ardet. 
 Atque ocLilos idem qui decipit incitat error. 
 
 Perque oculos perit ipfe ftios 
 
 Uror amore mci llammas moveoquc fcroquc, ^-c. 
 
 But "we cannot meet 'with a better hijlance of the extva^ance a-ni oyjK- 
 tomiefs of Owid's favcy, than in that particular circumftance at the end 
 of the jiory of NareifliisV gazing on his face after death in the Stygi- 
 an 'waters. The defign ivas 'very hold, of making a Boy fall in love 
 'with himfelf here on earthy hut to torture him 'with the fame paffiou af- 
 ter death, and not to let his ghojl rejl iji quiet, 'was intolerjihiy cruel 
 and uncharitable, 
 
 P. zoo. I. penult. But whilft widiin, ^r.] Dumquc fitim fcda- 
 re cupic fitis altera crevit. IVe ha've here a touch of that Mixed <-wit 
 1 ha've before fpoken of, but 1 think the meafure of Pun in it oufweighs 
 the True 'wit -^ for if 'we exprefs the thought in other 'words the turn 
 is almojl lofl. This paffage of Narcifllis probably ga've Milton the 
 hint of applying it to Eve, though I think her furprixe at the Jight of 
 her o'wn face in the 'water, far more jujl and natural, than this of 
 Narciflus. She 'was a ra'w unexperienced Being, ■ juJl created, and 
 therefore might eafily be fubjeU to the dclujion ^ hut Narciflus had been 
 in the 'world jixteen years, 'was brother and fan to the 'water-nymphsy 
 atid therefore to he fuppofed converfajit 'with fountains lo'tig before this 
 fatal mijlake.. 
 
 P. 2 01^. 1. penult. You trees, fays he, c^r.] Ovid is 'very jujlly 
 celebrated for the pajfionate fpeeches of his Poem. They ha've generally 
 abundance of Nature in them, hut I ha've it to better judgments to con- 
 Jidcr 'whether they are not often too 'witty and too tedious. The Poet 
 ne'ver cares for fmothering a good thought that comes in his ''way, and 
 never thinks he can dranw tears enough from his reader, by "which means 
 
 Vol. I.. H h our. 
 
254 NOTES. 
 
 our qrief is either di'verted or fpent hefore ive come to his conchjion \ for 
 rvce cannot at the fiime time he delighted 'with the nj)it of the Poet, and 
 concerned for the perfon that fpeaks it; and a great Critick has admi- 
 rably 'well ohferqjed, Lamentationes debent efle breves et concife, 
 nam Lachryma; fabito excrelcit, ec difficile eft Audicorem vel Ledo- 
 rem in fummo ammi aflFe(n:u diu tenere. U^uld any one in Narcif- 
 fusV condition han)e cryd o«f — — Inopem me Copia fecit? Or can a^ 
 ny tlrifig he more unnatural than to turn off from his forro'ws for the fake 
 of a pretty refeUion ? 
 
 O luinam noftro fecedere corpore poflem I 
 
 VotLim in Amante novum j vellem, quod amanius, abeflet. 
 
 Hone, I fuppofey can he much grienjed for one that is fo ^witty on his 
 cwn affliUions. But I think 'we may enjery 'where ohfer've in Ovid, 
 that he employs his In^vention more than his Judgment, and fpeaks all 
 the ingenious things that can he faid on the fuhjeB, rather than thofe 
 'which are particularly proper to the perfon and circumjiances of the 
 fpeaker, 
 
 BAB. vri. 
 
 p. 2,05. 1. 18. when Pentheus ihus.'\There is a great deal of fpirit 
 mid fire in this fpeech of Pentheus, hut I helie've none hejides Ovid 
 'would hanje thought of the transformation of the Serpent's teeth jor an 
 incitement to tJye Thebans courage, 'when he defires them not to degene- 
 rate from their great Fore-father the Dragon, and dra'ws a parallel he^ 
 fween the heha'viour of them hoth. 
 
 Efte, precor memores, qua fitis ftirpe creati> 
 Ilhufque anmios, qui multos perdidit unus, 
 Sumite ferpentis ; pro fontibus ille, lacuque 
 Interiit, at vos pro fama vincite veftra, 
 Ille dedit Letho fortes, vos pelhte molles, 
 Et pacriam revocate Decus. 
 
 .FAB. Vllt. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 FAB. VIII. 
 
 235 
 
 *fhe Jiory of Acetcs has abundance of nature in all the parts of it, 
 as njsell in the defcription of his omm parentage and employment, as in 
 that of the failors charaBers and manners. But the Jhort fpeeches feat- 
 tered up and donvn in it, 'which make the Latin ^very natural, cannot 
 appear fo 'well in our language, 'which is much more fluhhorn and unpli- 
 ant, and therefore are hut as fo many rubs in the Jlory, that are Jfill 
 turning the narration out of its proper courfe. The transformation at 
 the latter end is 'wonderfully beautiful, 
 
 FAB. IX. 
 
 Ovid has tnvo 'very good Similes on Pentheus, 'where he compares 
 him to a Bdijer in a farmer Jlory, and to a IVar-horfe in the prefent. 
 
 H h 2 
 
 A N 
 
236 
 
 \ 
 
 An Essay 
 
 on 
 
 A N 
 
 ESSAY 
 
 O N 
 
 VlRGIUs GEORGICS. 
 
 VIRGIL may be reckoned the firft who introduced three 
 new kinds of Poetry among the Romans^ which he co- 
 pied after three the greateft mafters of Greece. Theocritus and 
 Homer have ftill difputed for the advantage over him in Pa- 
 jloral and Heroics^ but I think all are unanimous in giving him 
 the precedence to Hefiod in his Georgtcs. The truth of it is, 
 the fweetnefs and rufticity of a Pajioral cannot be fb well ex- 
 prelTed in any other tongue as in the Greeks when rightly mixed 
 and qualified with the Doric dialed j nor can the majefty of an 
 Heroic Poem any where appear fo well as in this language, 
 which has a natural greatnefs in it, and can be often rendered 
 more deep and fonorous by the pronunciation of the lonians. 
 But in the Middle ftyle, where the writers in both tongues are 
 on a level, we fee how ^^x JArgil has excelled all who have writ- 
 ten in the fame way with him. 
 
 There 
 
f 
 
 Virgil V Georgics. 237 
 
 There has been abundance of Criticifm /pent on f^irgd's 
 Pajiorah and JEne'tds^ but the Georgics are a fabjcdt which none 
 of the Critics have fufficiently taken into their confiderarion ; 
 moft of them pafling it over in filence, or cafting it under the 
 fame head with Paftoral ; a divifion by no means proper, un- 
 leis we fuppofe the ftyle of a Husbandman ought to be imitated 
 in a Georgtc, as that of a Shepherd is in P^^Jloral. But though. 
 the fcene of both thefe Poems Hes in the fame place; the fpeakers 
 in them are of a quite different character, fince the precepts of 
 husbandry are not to be deUvercd with the fimplicity of a Plow- 
 man, but with the addrefs of a Poet. No rules therefore that 
 relate to Pajhralj can any way affe6t the Georgics y fince they 
 fall under that clafs of Poetry, which confifts in giving plain 
 and dircd: infl:ru6lions to the reader j whether they be Moral, 
 duties, as thofe o^Theognis and Pyibagoras ^ or Philo(bphical fpe- 
 culations, as thofe of ^lat/^s and Lucretms ; or Rules of pradice, 
 as thofe of Hefiod and V'trgtl. Among thefe different kinds of 
 fubjcds, that which the Georgics ^o upon, is I think the meanefl: 
 and leaft improving, but the moft pleafing and delightful. Pre- 
 cepts of morality, befidcs the natural corruption of our tempers, 
 which makes us averfe to them, are fo abftrad:cd from Ideas of 
 fenfe, that they feldom give an opportunity for thofe beautiful ' 
 defcriptions and images which are tlie fpirit and life of Poetry. 
 Natural Philofophy has indeed fenfible objeds to work upon, 
 but then it often puzzles the Reader with the intricacy of its 
 notions, and perplexes him with the multitude of its difputes. 
 But this kind of Poetry I am now fpeaking of, addreffes it felf 
 wholly to the imagination : It is altogether converfant among 
 the fields and woods, and has the moft delightful part of 
 Nature for its province. It raifes in our minds a plcadng 
 variety of fcenes and landfcvipcs, whilft it teaches us j and makes 
 
 the 
 
238 
 
 An Essay on 
 
 the dryeft of its precepts look like a defcription. A Georgic 
 therefore ts fome part of the fcteyjce of husbandry put mto a pleaftng 
 drefsy and fet off with all the Beauties and Embellijhments of Poe- 
 try. Now fince this fcience of Husbandry is of a very large 
 extent, the Poet fhews his skill in Tingling out fuch precepts to 
 proceed on, as are ufefol, and at the fame time moft capable of 
 ornament. T^trgd was (b well acquainted with this fecret, that 
 to fet off his firft GeorgtCy he has run into a kt of precepts, 
 which are almoft foreign to his fubjed, in that beautiful account 
 he gives us of the Signs in Nature, which precede the changes 
 of the weather. 
 
 And if there be fo much art in the choice of fit precepts, 
 there is much more required in the treating of them,- that they 
 may fall in after each other by a natural unforced method, and 
 fhew themfelves in the beft and moft advantageous light. They 
 fhould all be fo finely wrought together in the fame piece, that 
 no coarfe feam may difcover where they join ,• as in a curious 
 brede of needle-work, one colour falls away by fuch juft degrees, 
 and another rifes fo infenfibly, that we fee the variety, without 
 being able to diftinguifh the total vaniihing of the one from 
 the firft appearance of the other. Nor is it fufficient to range 
 and difpofe this body of precepts into a clear and eafie method, 
 unlefs they are delivered to us in the moft pleafing and agree- 
 able manner : For there are feveral ways of conveying the fame 
 truth to the mind of man j and to chufe the pleafanteft of thefe 
 ways, is that which chiefly diftinguifties Poetry from Profe, and 
 makes F'irgd'^ rules of Husbandry pleafanter to read than /^^rro's. 
 Where the Profe-writer tells us plainly what ought to be done, 
 the Poet ofiien conceals the precept in a defcription, and repre- 
 fcnts his Country-man performing the zddon in which he would 
 
 inftrud 
 
VirgilV Gcorgics, 239 
 
 ir>ftru<fl his reader. Whei-e the one fets out as fully and diftindly 
 as he can, all the parts of the truth, which he would communicate 
 to US; the other fingles out the mod pleafing circumftance of 
 this truth, and fo conveys the whole in a more diverting man- 
 ner to the underftanding. I fhall give one inftance out of a 
 multitude of this nature that might be found in the GeorgicSy. 
 where the reader may fee the different ways Vhgtl has taken to 
 exprefs the fame thing, and how much plcafanter every manner 
 of expreflion is, than the plain and dired: mention of it would 
 have been. It is in the fecond Qeorgic^ where he tells us what 
 Tr^es will bear grafting on each other. 
 
 Rt fape alter'ms ratnos hnpime liidemus 
 f^ertere m altenm, mutatamque tnfita mala 
 Ferre pymmj et prunts lapidofa ruhefcere coma, 
 
 Steriles Platam malos gejfere valentes^ 
 
 CaJianeiC fagos, ornufque mcanmt albo 
 
 Flore pyri : Glandcmque fues fregerc fub ulmis, 
 
 Nee longum lempus : et ingem 
 
 Ex'iit ad Coelum rawis feJ'tcibus arbos ; 
 Miraturque novas fromles et non fua pomd. 
 
 Here we fee the Poet confidered all the effe<5ls of this union 
 between Trees of different kinds, and took notice of that effed 
 which had the moH: furprize, and by confequence the moft de- 
 light in it, to exprefs the capacity that was in them of being 
 thus united. This way of writing is every where much in ufe 
 among the Poets, and is particularly pradifed by Virgd^ who 
 loves to fuggeft a truth indiredly, and without giving us a full 
 and open view of it, to let us fee juft fo much as will natural- 
 ly lead the imagination into all the parts that lie concealed. This 
 
 is 
 
240 An Essay on 
 
 is wonderfnlly diverting to the underftanding, thus to receive 1 
 precept, that enters as it were through a by-way, and to appre- 
 hend an Idea that draws a whole train after it. For here the 
 Mind, which is always delighted with its own difcoveries, only 
 takes the hint from the Poet, and feen:isto work out the reft by 
 the ftrength of her own faculties. 
 
 But fince the inculcating precept upon precept, will at length 
 prove tirefom to the reader, if he meets with no entertainment, 
 the Poet muft take care not to encumber his Poem with too 
 much bufinefs ^ but Ibmetimes to relieve the fubje6t with a moral 
 refledion, or let it reft a while for the fake of a pleafant and 
 pertinent digrcflion. Nor is it fufficient to run out into beauti- 
 ful and diverting digreffions (as it is generally thought) unle(s 
 they are brought in aptly, and are fomething of a piece with 
 the main defign of the Georgto: For they ought to have a re- 
 mote alliance at leaft to the fubjed, that fo the whole Poem 
 may be more uniform and agreeable in all its parts. We fliould 
 never quite lofe fight of the Country, though we are fometimes 
 entertained with a diftant profpe6t of it. Of this nature are 
 VtrgiVs defcriptions of the original of Agnctiluire^ of the fruit- 
 ful nefs of //^/y, of a country life, and the like, which are not 
 brought in by force, but naturally rife out of the principal argu- 
 ment and defign of the Poem. I know no one digreflion in 
 the Georgia that may feem to contradid: this obfervation, be- 
 fides that in the latter end of the Firft book, where the Poet 
 launches out into a difcourfe of the battel oiFharfalm^ and the 
 a6tions of Augnjitis : But it is worth while to confider how ad- 
 mirably he has turned the courfe of his narration into its proper 
 channel, and made his Husbandman concerned even in what re- 
 lates to the battel, in thofe inimitable lines. 
 
 Suit' 
 
Virgil'j- Georgicf. ^41 
 
 S<:ilfcet it tempus vsniet, cum fimbm ill'ii 
 /^gr'tcola tncurvo terram mohtus aratrOy 
 Exefa trweniet fcahra rub'tgtne ptla : 
 /iut gravthm rajlr'a galeas pulfah'it manes^ 
 Grandiaque effojfis mirahitur ojfa fepulchm^ 
 
 And afterwards (peaking of Auguflush a(5tions, he flill remembers 
 that Agr'imlture ought to be fome way hinted at throughout the 
 whole Poem. 
 
 Non iillm aratro 
 
 I) f gnus horns : fqualent ahduBts arva coloms: 
 Bjt curvde rigidum fakes cmflantur in enfem. 
 
 We now come to the Style which is proper to a Georgtc ^ and 
 indeed this is the part on which the Poet muft lay out all his 
 flrength, that his words may be warm and glowing, and that 
 every thing he defcribes may immediately prefent itfclf, and rife 
 up to the reader's view. He ought in particular to be careful of 
 not letting his fiibjed; debafe his ftyle, and betray him into a 
 meannefs of cxprcflion, but every where to keep up his vcrfe in 
 all the pomp of numbers, and dignity of words. 
 
 I think nothing which is a Phrafe or Saying in common 
 talk, fhould be admitted into a ferious Poem,- becaufe it takes 
 off frorh the folemnity of the expreltion, and gives it too great 
 a turn of familiarity : Much lefs ought the low phrafes and terms 
 of art, that are adapted to Husbandry, have any place in fuch 
 a work as the Georgic^ which is not to appear in the natural fim- 
 plicity and nakednefs of its fubjcd:, but in the pleafanteft drefs 
 that Poetry can beftow on it. Thus f^ngily to deviate from 
 the common form of words, would not make ufe of Tempore 
 
 Vol. I. I i but 
 
242 An Ess-ay on 
 
 but Sydere in his firft verfe ,• and every where elfe abounds with 
 Metaphors, GrecifmSy and Grcumlocutiom, to give his verfe the 
 greater pomp, and preferve it from finking into a Plebeian ftyle. 
 And herein confifts Vtrgil's mafter-piece, who lias not only ex- 
 celled all other Poets, but even himfelf in the language of his 
 Georgtcs -^ where we receive more ftrong and lively Ideas of 
 things from his words, than we could have done from the ob- 
 ]ed:s themfelvcs: And find our imaginations more affected by 
 his defcriptions, than they would have been by the very fight of 
 what he defer ibes. 
 
 I fhall now, after this fliort fcheme of rules, confider the 
 different fuccefs that Heftod and V'trgtl have met with in this 
 kind of Poetry, which may give us fome further notion of the 
 excellence of the Georgtcs. To begin with Hefiod -^ if we may 
 guels at his charad:er from his writings, he had much more 
 of the Husbandman than the Poet in his temper: He was 
 wonderfully grave, difcreet, and frugal, he lived altogether in 
 the country, and was probably for his great prudence the ora- 
 cle of the whole neighbourhood. Thefe principles of good 
 Husbandry ran through his works, and diredted him to the 
 choice of tillage and merchandize, for the fubjed of that which 
 is the mod celebrated of them. He is every where bent on in- 
 ftrudion, avoids all manner of digreffions, and does not ftir 
 out of the field once in the whole Georgtc. His method in 
 defcribing month after month with its proper feafons and em- 
 ployments, is too grave and fimpk j it takes off from the fur- 
 prize and variety of the Poem, and makes the whole look but 
 like a modern Almanack in verfe. The reader is carried 
 through a courfe of weather, and may before-hand guefs whe- 
 ther he is to meet with fnow or rain, clouds or funfhine in the 
 
 next 
 
r 
 
 VirgilV Georgics. 243 
 
 next defcription. His defcriptions indeed have abundance of 
 nature in them, but then it is nature in her fimplicity and un- 
 drefs. Thus when he fpeaks of January ,• ' The wild beads, 
 
 * fays he, run fhivering through the woods with their heads 
 
 * {looping to the ground, and their tails clapt between their 
 ' legs J the Goats and Oxen are almoft flea'd with cold ,• but it 
 
 * is not fo bad with the Sheep, becaufe they have a thick coat 
 
 * of wool about them. The old men too are bitterly pincht 
 
 * with the weather, but the young girls feel nothing of it, 
 ' who fit at home with their mothers by a warm fire-fide.' 
 Thus does the old gentleman give himfelf up to a loofe kind of 
 tattle, rather than endeavour after a juft Poetical defcription. 
 Nor has he (hewn more of art or judgment in the precepts he 
 has given us, which are (own fb very thick, that they clocr the 
 Poem too much, and are often fo minute and full of circum- 
 ftanccs, that they weaken and unnerve his verfe. But after 
 all, we are beholden to him for the firft rough sketch of a 
 Georgic: Where we may ftill difcover fomething venerable in 
 the anticjuenefs of the work j but if we would fee the defign en- 
 larged, the figures reform'd, the colouring laid on, and the 
 whole piece finilhed, we muft cxpe(5t it from a greater mailer's 
 hand, 
 
 F'trgtl has drawn out the rules of Tillage and Planting into 
 two books, \^\\\d\ Heftod has difpatched in half a one,- but has 
 fb raifed the natural rudenefs and fimplicity of his fubje^t with 
 fuch a fignificancy of exprcffion, fuch a pomp of verfe, fuch va- 
 riety of tranfitions, and fuch afolcmn air in his refledrjons, that 
 if we look on both Poets together, we fee in one the plain ne(s * 
 of a downright Countryman, and in the otlier, fomething of 
 a ruftick majefly, like that of a Roman Didator at theplow-taiL 
 
 He 
 
244 An Essay on 
 
 He delivers tbe meaneft: of his precepts with a kind of gfantJewr, 
 he breaks the clods and tolTes the dung about with an air of grace- 
 fulnefs. His prognoftications of the weather are taken out of 
 AratnSj where we may fee how judicioufly he has pickt outthofe 
 that are moft proper for his Husbandman's obfervation ,• how he 
 has enforced the expreflion, and heightened the images which 
 he found in the original. 
 
 The fecond book has more wit in it, and a greater boldnefs 
 in its metaphors than any of the reft. The Poet, with a great 
 beauty, applies oblivion, ignorance, wonder, defire, and the 
 hkc, to his Trees. The laft Georgtc has indeed as many me- 
 taphors, but not fo daring as this j for human thoughts and paf- 
 fions may be more naturally afcribed to a Bee, than to an inani- 
 mate Plant. He who reads over the pleafures of a Country life, 
 as they are defcribed by y'trgtl in the latter end of this book, can 
 fcarce be of Firgtl's mind in preferring even the life of a Phi- 
 lofopher to it. 
 
 We may I think read the Poet's clime in his defcription, for 
 he feems to have been in a fweat at the writing of it. 
 
 qtiis me gel'tdts fuh montthus Hami 
 
 Stjiatj et mgent't ramorum protegat umbra / 
 
 And is every where mentioning among his chief pleafures, the 
 coolnefs of his (hades and rivers, vales and grottos, which a 
 more Northern Poet would have omitted for the defcription of 
 a funny hill, and fire-fide. 
 
 The Third Georgic feems to be the moft laboured of them all; 
 there is a wonderful vigour and fpirit in the defcription of the 
 Horfe and Chariot-race. The force of Love is rcprefented in no- 
 ble inftances, and very fublime expreflions. The Scytb/an ma- 
 
 ter- 
 
VirgilV Georgics. 245- 
 
 ter-piece appears fb very cold and bleak to the eye, that a man 
 can fcarce look on it without fliivering. The Murrain at the end 
 has all the expreffivenefs that words can give. It was here that 
 the Poet ftraincd hard to out-do Lucretius in the defer ipt ion of 
 his plague, and if the reader would fee whatfuccefs he had, he 
 may find it at large in Scaltger. 
 
 But y'trgd feems no where fo well pleafed, as when he is got 
 among his Bees in the fourth Georgic. and ennobles the adions 
 of fo trivial a creature, with metaphors drawn from the mofl: im- 
 portant concerns of mankind. His verfes are not in a greater 
 noife and hurry in the battels oi JKneas andTura/iSy than in the 
 engagement of two fwarms. And as in his JEneh he compares 
 the labours of his Trojam to thofe of Bees and Pifmires, here he 
 compares the labours of the Bees to thofe of the C'ydops. In flwrt, 
 the laftGV<?rg?c was a good prelude to the M.neis i and very well 
 fhewed what the Poet could do in the defcription ot what was 
 really great, by his defcribing the mock-grandeur of an Infed: 
 with fo good a grace. There is more pleafantnefs in the little 
 platform of a garden, which he gives us about the middle of 
 this book, than in all the fpacious walks and water-works of /?«- 
 pin. The fpeech of P rot em at the end can never be enough 
 admired, and was indeed very fit to conclude fo divine a work. 
 
 After this particular account of the Beauties in the Georgics^ 
 I fliould in the next place endeavour to point out its Imperfec- 
 tions, if it has any. But though I think there are fome few 
 parts in it that are not fo beautiful as the reft, I fliall not pre- 
 fume to name them, as rather fufpeding my own judgment, 
 than I can believe a fault to be in that Poem, which lay fo long 
 under Virgth corredion, and had his laft hand put to it. The 
 firft Georgic was probably burlefqued in the Author's life-time j 
 
 for 
 
\ 
 
 246 An Essay -^c, 
 
 for we flill find in the Scholiafts a verfe that ridicules par of a 
 
 line tranflated from Hefiod. Nudm ara, fede nudus And we 
 
 may eafily guefs at the judgment of this extraordinary Critick, 
 whoever he was, from his cenfuring this particular precept. We 
 may be fure Vtrgil would not have tranflated it from Hefiod^ had 
 he not difcovered fome beauty in it j and indeed the beauty of 
 it is what I have before obferved to be frequently met with in 
 Virgil, the delivering the precept foindiredly, and fingling out 
 the particular circumfl:ance of fowing and plowing Naked, to 
 fuggeft to us that thefe employments are proper only in the Hot 
 feafon of the y-ear. 
 
 I fliall not here compare the fl:yle of the Georgtcs with that 
 of Lucretius, which the reader may fee already done in the pre- 
 face to the fecond volume of Mifcellan'y Poems; but fhall con- 
 clude this Poem to be the mofl: complete, elaborate^ and finifht 
 piece of all Antiquity. The Mneh indeed is of a nobler kind, 
 but the Georgic is more Perfed in its kind. The Mnets has a 
 <yreater variety of beauties in it, but thofe of the Georgtc are 
 moreexquifite. In fhort, the Georgtc has all the perfection that 
 can be expeded in a Poem written by the greateft Poet in the 
 flower of his age, when his invention was ready, his imagina- 
 tion warm, his judgment fettled, and all his faculties in their 
 full vigour and maturity. 
 
 C A T O. 
 
T 
 
 C AT O. 
 
 TRAGEDY- 
 
 As it is Aded at the 
 
 T H E A T R E-R o Y A L in Drurj-Lancy 
 
 B Y 
 
 His Majesty 's Servants. 
 
 Ecce SpeBaculum dignum, ad quod refp'iciat^ intentns operi fuo^ T)cus ! 
 Ecce par 'Deo dignumj vir fort'ts cum maid fortund compofitus ! Non 
 video, inqtiamy quid habeat in tcrris Jupiter pnlchrius^ fi converterc 
 animum velit, qudm ut fpeBat Catonem, jam partibus nonfemelfra6iisy 
 nihilominus inter ruinas publicas creiium. 
 
 Sen. de Divin. Prov. 
 
\ 
 
[ 249 } 
 
 VERSES 
 
 T O T H E 
 
 AUTHOR 
 
 OF THE 
 
 TRAGEDY of C A T 0. 
 
 WHILE you the fierce dhided Britons a^we, 
 And Cato ^ith an equal wirtuej dranvj 
 WJnle Envy is it felf in Wonder loft. 
 And Fa6ti6ns ftrive who fliall applaud you moft; 
 Forgtqje the fond ambition of a friend. 
 If ho hopes himfelf, not you, to recommendy 
 And join th' appfaufe nvhich all the Learn d hejloii) 
 On one, to 'whom a perfeB nvork they onjDe. 
 To my * light Scenes I once infcrih'd your name. 
 And impotently Jlro've to borronvfame : 
 Soon nvill that die, 'which adds thy name to mine -, 
 Let me, then, live, joind to a 'work of thine. 
 
 dicated to Mr. Addilbn. JxICHARD OTEELE. 
 
 Vol. I. K k THO' 
 
[ syo ] 
 
 7'^ HO' Q^io pine i in Virgil'^ epici fon^y 
 Prefcrihing lanvs among th' Elyfian throng j 
 Tho Lucan'j ^erfe, exalted hy his name. 
 O'er Gods themfehes has raised the Heroes fame , 
 The Roman Jiage did ne'er his image fee, 
 Vra'tun at full length • a task refer^v'd for thee. 
 By thee ^e 'viemj the finip'd figure rife. 
 And atoful march before our ra'vijh'd eyes ; 
 We hear his "voice, averting q;irtue's caufe ; 
 His fate renenjSd our deep attention dranx>s. 
 Excites hy turns our ^various hopes and fears. 
 And all the patriot in thy fcene appears. 
 
 On Tyber'j ha^ih thy thought laas firjl infpird j, 
 "Vwas there, to fome indulgent groove retifd, 
 Rome'j- ancient fortunes rolling in thy mind. 
 Thy happy Mufe this manly -work dejtgnd : 
 Or in a dream thou fa-vSji Rome'j Genius Jland, 
 And, leading Cato in his facred hand. 
 Point out th' immortal fuhjeB of thy lays. 
 And ask this labour to record his praife. 
 
 "Tis done the Heroe lives, and charms our age t 
 
 While nobler morals grace the V>nti^ Jlage. 
 Great Shakefpear'j ghojl, thefolemn jlrain to hear, 
 [Alethinks I fee the laurel d Shade appear I ) 
 Will hover oer the Scene, and -wondring vienv 
 His favrite Brutus rival' d thus hy you. 
 Such Roman oreatnefs in each alUon Jhines, 
 Such Roman elotjuence adorns your lines. 
 That fure the SyhiWs hooks this year foretold. 
 And in fome mypck lea} "was feen inrolld, 
 
 ' Rome, 
 
C 251 ] 
 
 * Rome, turn thy mournful eyes from AfrickV T^or^, 
 
 * Nor in her fands thy Cato'j tomh explore I 
 
 ' When thrice fix hundred times the circling Sun 
 ^ His annual race Jhall thro the Zodiack rtnty 
 ' An Ifle remote his monument (hall rear, 
 
 * And euery generous Briton pay a tear. 
 
 J. Hughes. 
 
 WHA T do ive fee ! is Cato then hecome. 
 A ^eater name in Britain than in Rome ? 
 Does mankind nonv admire his ^virtues morey 
 thd Lucan, Horace, Virgil 'Vivote before ? 
 Honv "will Pojlerity this truth explain ? 
 " Cato begins to hue in AnnaV reign : 
 The ^world's great chief s, in council or in arms. 
 Rife in your lines 'with more exalted charms j 
 llluflrious deeds in diflant nations ivrougbty 
 And 'virtues by departed Heroes taugjoty 
 Raife in your foul a pure immortal flame. 
 Adorn your life, and confecrate your fame ; 
 To your reno'wn all ages you fuhduey 
 And Cxfar fought, and Cato bled for you. 
 
 Al. So.,,™,ege. EDWARD YoUNG. 
 
 Tl 5 nohly done thus to enrich the Jlage, 
 And raife the thoughts of a degenerate age] 
 To floo-w, haw endlefs joys from freedom fpring : 
 Ho'w life in bondage is a 'worthlefs thing, 
 
 K k X Tlie 
 
[ 252 ] 
 
 The hihorn greatnefs of your foul ^e ^ienu, 
 
 Toil tread the paths frequetited by the fe-w. 
 
 With fo much flrength you nvrite, and fo much eafe. 
 
 Virtue, and fenfe I how dtirjl you hope to pleafe ? 
 
 Tet crowds the fentiments of e^very line 
 
 Impartial clap'd, and ownd the work di<vine. 
 
 E'ven the four Criticks, who malicious came. 
 
 Eager to cenfure, and refol'vd to blame. 
 
 Finding the Heroe regularly rife, 
 
 Great, while he Jives, but greater when he dies, 
 
 Sullen appro'v'd, too ohjlinate to welt, 
 
 And fickend with the plea fur es, which they felt. 
 
 Not fo the Fair their pafftons fecret kept, 
 
 Sile7it they heard, but as they heard, they wept, 
 
 When glorioufly the blooming Marcus dyd. 
 
 And Cato told the Gods, I'm (atisfy'd. 
 
 See ! how your lays the Bricifh youth inflame I 
 They long to Jhoot, and ripen into fame ; 
 Applauding theatres diflurb their reji. 
 And unborn Cato's hea^ve in every hreafl ; 
 Their nightly dreams their daily thoughts repeat. 
 And pulfes high with fancy d glories beat. 
 So, grievd to view the Marathonian fpoils, 
 The young Thcmiftocles vow'd equal toils ; 
 Did then his fchemes of future honours draw 
 From the long triumphs which with tears he faw. 
 
 How Jhall I your unrival'd worth proclaim, 
 Lojl in the fpreading circle of your fame I 
 We faw you the great "^ iWnm s praife rehearfe. 
 And paint Britannia' j y^yx in Roman verfe. 
 We heard at dijlance foft, enchanting flrains. 
 From blooming mountains, and Italian Plains. 
 Virgil began in Engliih drefs to pine, 
 Bis voice, his looks, his grandeur Jiill divine. 
 
 From 
 
[ 253 ] 
 
 From him too foon unfriendly you icithdrcwj 
 
 But brought the tuneful Ovid to our ^ie^w. 
 
 Then, the delightful theme of ewry tongue^ 
 
 Th" immortal Marlb'rough nvas your during foj?g] 
 
 From clime to clime the mighty ^viSlor jlenjOy 
 
 From clime to clime as f^iftly you purfue ; 
 
 Still nvith the Heroes glo'vSd the Poefs fame, 
 
 Still '■cjith his conquejls you enlargd your fame. 
 
 With houndlefs raptures here the Mufe could f'well. 
 
 And on your Rolamond for enjer d'ojell : 
 
 There opening fnveets, and every fragrant foiver 
 
 Luxuriant fmile, a ne'ver-fading ho-ojer. 
 
 Next, human follies kindly to expofe, 
 
 Tou change from numbers, but not Jink m proje : 
 
 Ifhether in njiftonary fcenes you play, 
 
 Refine our tajles, or laugh our crimes a^'coay. 
 
 No'w, by the buskin d Mufe you Jhine confejf, 
 
 The Patriot kindles in the Poefs hreajl. 
 
 Such energy of fenfe might pleafure raife, 
 
 Tho unembellijh'd ivith the charms of phrafe : 
 
 Such charms of phrafe ivould nvith fuccefs he crcwnd, 
 
 Tho non fenfe fonv'd in the jnelodious found. 
 
 The chafiefi f^irgin needs no hlujhes fear. 
 
 The Learn d themfelves, not uninfiruBed, hear. 
 
 The Libertine, in pleafures us'd to roul, 
 
 And idly fport "with an immortal foul. 
 
 Here comes, and by the 'virtuous Heathen tau^t. 
 
 Turns pale, and trembles at the dreadful theught. 
 
 Whetf e'er you traverfe <vafi Numidia'y plains. 
 What Jluggijh Briton in his Ijle remains ? 
 When [uba feeks the Tiger "with delight, 
 Ji e beat the thicket, and provoke the fight. 
 By the defcription ivarm'd, nue fondly fiveat. 
 And in the chilling Eafi-nxind pant "with heat. 
 
 What 
 
[ 254 ] 
 
 TVhiJt eyes heboid not, hoiJJ the ftrcam refines, 
 
 'Till by degrees the floating mirrour fliincs ? 
 
 IF'hile Hiirricaves in circhng eddies pliiy, 
 
 Tear up the (ands, and fweep whole plains away, 
 
 IFe prink 'with honor, and confefs our fear, 
 
 And all the fudden founding ruine hear. 
 
 If^oen purple robes, diflaind <with hlood, deceive. 
 
 And make poor Marcia beautijully grie-vey 
 
 JVhen fie her fecret thoughts no more conceals y 
 
 Forgets the 'woman ^ and her fame re'veals. 
 
 Well may the Prince exult 'with nohle pride, 
 
 Not for his Libyan cro'wn, but Roman bride. 
 
 But I in njain on Jingle features dnvell. 
 While all the parts of the fair piece excell. 
 So rich the jlore, fo dubious is the feajl. 
 We kno'w not, -which to pafs, or -which to tajk. 
 The pining incidents fo juflly fall. 
 We may the 'whole ne^w fcenes of tranfport call. 
 Ihus je'wellers confound our 'wandering eyes, 
 And 'With variety of gemms furprife. 
 Here Saphires, here the Sardian Stone is feen. 
 The Topaz yello-w, and the Jafper green. 
 The cojlly Brilliant there, confusdly bright. 
 From numerous furfaces darts trembling light. 
 The different colours mingling in a blaze. 
 Silent 'we jland, unable 'where to praife. 
 In pleafure f'weetly lojl ten thoufand -ways. 
 
 ■^aS^' L- E USD EN. 
 
 TO 
 
[ 255] 
 
 Too long hath Loue engrofid Britannia'x 7?^g^> 
 And funk to foftnejs all our tragic rage ; 
 By that alone did empires fall or rife, 
 And fate depended on a fair one^s eyes : 
 The fweet mfeUiony mixt 'with dangerous arty 
 Debased our manhoody luhile it footh^d the heart. 
 Tou fcorn to raife a grief thy f elf mufl blarney 
 Nor from our lueaknefs fteal a wulgar fame : 
 A Patriots fall may jujlly melt the mindy 
 And tears fo'w nohhy Jhed for all mankind. 
 
 Hoiu do our fouls njuith genrous pleafurc gloiv I 
 Our hearts exulting, nvhile our eyes oerfonv. 
 When thy firm Hero flands beneath the 'weight 
 Of all his fufferings venerably great : 
 Rome'x poor remains flill pelf ring by his Jide, 
 With confcious virtuey and becoming pride. 
 
 The aged Oak thus rears his head in air. 
 His fap exhaujfedy and his branches bare , 
 'Midji florms and earth^akes he maintains his fate, 
 Fixt deep in earth, and fajiend by his nveight : 
 His naked boughs flill lend the fiepherds aidy 
 And his old trunk projeBs an aixful Jhade. 
 
 Amidfl the joys triumphant peace bejioius. 
 Our Patriots fadden at his glorious luoesy 
 Aiuhile they let the ^cjorld's ^'eat husnefs 'Wait, 
 Anxious for Rome, and figh for CatoV fate. 
 Here taught ho'vo ancient Heroes rofe to fame. 
 Our Britons crcwd, and catch the Rouian flame y 
 Where Jfates and fenates nvell jtiight lend an ear, 
 And Kings and Priejis 'without a bhijb appear. 
 
 France 
 
[ ^5^ ] 
 
 Fiance hoajls no more, hut, fearful to engage] 
 Noiu frfi fays homage to her ritual's fiage, 
 Hajles to learn thee, and learning pall fuhmit 
 Alike to Britifh arms, and Britiih ^it : 
 No tnore fie' II ^v^onderj {forcd to do us right) 
 Who think like Romans, could like Romans fight. 
 
 Thy Oxford fmiles this glorious luork to fee. 
 And fondly triumphs in a fin like thee. 
 Thefenates, confulsy and the gods of Rome, 
 Like old acquainta7ice at their nati've home, 
 In thee nve find : each deed, each 'word exprejly 
 And enjery thou^t that f'well'd a Roman hreafi. 
 We trace each hint that could thy foul infpire 
 With Virgil'x judgment, and icith LucanV fire ; 
 We kno'w thy 'worth, and, gi^ve us leaue to hoajf. 
 We moji admire, becaufe ^we knoiv thee moji. 
 
 ^""oxfn"'^'' Tho. Tickell. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 WHEN your generous labour firjl I 'vienv'd. 
 And CatoV hands in his o'wn blood imbrud; 
 That fcene of death fo terrible appears. 
 My foul could only thank you nuith her tears. 
 Tet luith fuch nvond'rous art your skilful hand 
 Does all the pajfions of the foul command. 
 That e^en my grief to praife and nronder turn'd. 
 And en^vyd the great death 'which firfl I mourn d. 
 
 what pen but yours could draiv the doubtful Jlrife^ 
 of honour fir u^ing luith the love of life ? 
 Vefcrihe the Patriot, ohfiinately good. 
 As ho'uering der eternity he fiood: 
 
 Ihe 
 
[ 2^7 ] 
 
 The 'wide, tljunhounded ocean Jay hefore 
 
 His piercing Jighty and llea^utn the dijlant Jhore. 
 
 Secure of endlefs hlifs, 'with fearlefs eyes^ 
 
 He grafps the dagger, and its point defies. 
 
 And ritjhes out of Life, to fnatch the glorious prize] 
 
 How would old Rome rejoice, to hear you tell 
 How jujl her Patriot livd, how great he fell I 
 Recount his wond'rous probity and truth. 
 And form new Tuba's in the Britilli youth. 
 Their generous fouls, when he refigns his breath. 
 Are pleas d with ruine, and in hue with death. 
 And when her conquering fword Britannia dra'ius, 
 Refohe to perip, or defend her caufe. 
 Now fir jl on Albion' j theatre we fee, 
 A perfeU image of what man Jhould he ; 
 The glorious chara&er is now expreft. 
 Of 'virtue dwelling in a human hreajl. 
 Drawn at full length by your immortal lines, 
 In Cato'j foul, as in her Hea'ven jloe jloines, 
 
 Aii-souis^conege, DiGBY CoTES. 
 
 Left with the Printer by an unknown hand. 
 
 No W we may fpeah, fince Cato fpeah no more ; 
 'Tis praife at length, 'twas rapture all hefore ; 
 When crowded theatres with los rung 
 Sent to the skies, f'om whence thy genius fprung : 
 
 E'ven civil rage awhile in thine was lofl j' ,.^^ 
 
 And faUions flrove but to applaud thee moji : 
 Nor could enjoyment pall our longing tajie ; 
 But every night was dearer than the lafi. 
 
 Vol. I. ■ L I As 
 
[ 358 ] 
 
 Ai 'vjhen old Rome in a maVt^ant hour 
 Veprlvd of fame returning conqueroTy 
 Her deh of triumph to the dead difchargd, 
 For fame, for treafure, and her hounds enJargd: 
 Andy ivhile his godlike figure mo^'d alongy 
 Alternate pafions frd th' adoring throng ; 
 Tears fionv'd from en^ery eye, and Jloouts from e-very tongue. 
 So in thy pompous lines has Cato fardy 
 Gracd ivith an ample, thd a late reixiard: 
 A greater 'viBor ive in him revere ; 
 A nobler triumph crowns his image here. 
 
 With wonder, as with pleafure, we fuwey 
 A theme fo fcanty wrought into a play ; 
 So <vaji a pile on fuch foundations placd; 
 Like Ammonj temple reafd on Libya' j wajle : 
 Behold its glowing paint I its eajie weight I 
 Its nice proportions I and Jlupendous height I 
 How chajle the conduB, how di'vine the rage I 
 A Roman Worthy on a Grecian Jlage I 
 
 But where Jhall Cato'j praife begin or end; 
 Inclin'd to melt, and yet untaught to lend. 
 The firmejl Patriot, and the gentleji Friend? 
 How great his genius, when the traytor croud 
 Ready tojlrike the Mow their fury <vow'd; 
 §uell'd by his look, and lijlning to his lore. 
 Learn, like his pajjions, to rebel no morel 
 When, lavijh of his boiling Mood, to pro^e. 
 The cure of flavifi life, and flighted lo've, 
 Bra^ve Marcus new in early death appears. 
 While Quo counts his wounds, and not his years; 
 Who, checking private grief, the publick mourns y 
 Commands the pity he fo greatly /corns. 
 But when he firikes, [to crown his generous part) 
 That honejl, Jiaunch, impraBicable heart ; 
 
 No 
 
1 259 ] 
 
 No tears, w fohs purfue Us parting hreath-. 
 The dying Roman jhames the pomp of death. 
 
 [acred Freedom, <which the po^wers hejlo'w 
 Tofeafon hlejfings, and to foften ivoe ; 
 Plant of our gro'wth, and aim of all our cares. 
 The toil of ages, and the croiun of luars : 
 If, taught hy thee, the Poet's nvit hasflo-oSd 
 Injlrains as precious as his Heroe's blood; 
 Prefer<ve thofe Jlrains, an euerlajling charm 
 To keep that blood, and thy remembrance nxiarm : 
 Be this thy guardian image Jlill fecure ; 
 In wain pall force inn^ade, or fraud allure j 
 Our great Vz\\d.6\m\\ Jh all perform its party 
 tixd and enjhtind in every Britifli heart. 
 
 THE mind to virtue is hy werfe fubdu'd; 
 And the true Poet is a public good. 
 This Britain feels, 'while, hy your lines infpird. 
 Her free-born fons to glorious thoughts are fir'd. 
 In Rome had you efpous'd the wanquiJJjd canfe, 
 Enflam'd her fenate, and upheld her laivs ; 
 Tour manly fcenes had liberty rejlord, 
 Andginjen the juji fuccefs to Cold's fword: 
 O'er CxCar's arms your genius had prevail' d-. 
 And the Mufe triumphed, yhere the Patriot fail'd. 
 
 Ambr. Philips,' 
 
 L 1 2; PRO- 
 
[ 26o ] 
 
 PROLOGUE, 
 
 By Mr. T T E. 
 
 Spoken by Mr. W I L K S. 
 
 '"I" ^ah the foul by tender jlrokes of art, 
 
 -■- To raife the genius, and to mend the hearty 
 To make mankind in confciom 'virtue holdy 
 Li've o'er each fcene, and he 'vjhat they hehold ; 
 For this the Tragic-Mtife firfl trod the Jiage, 
 Commanding tears to (iream thro e<very age j 
 Tyrants no more their fa^vage nature kept. 
 And foes to ^virtue nvonderd honv they nvept. 
 Our author Jhuns hy 'vulgar fprings to mo've 
 The Heroe's glory., or the Virgins lo've ; 
 In pitying Loue loe hut our 'vueaknefs Jhoiv, 
 And "wild Amhition ivell defer<ves its ivoe. 
 Here tears Jhall fo'vj from a more generous caufe, 
 Such tears as Patriots Jhed for dying laius : 
 He hids your hreafls 'with ancient ardor rife, 
 And calls forth Roman drops from Britifli eyes. 
 Virtue confefl in human fhape he dranvs. 
 What Plato thought, and God-like Cato "vjas r 
 No common ohjeU to your fight difplays. 
 But <vjhat "unth pleafure Heaqjen it felf fur'veys y 
 A hra've manflruggling in the florms of fate. 
 And greatly falling iiith a falling Jlate I 
 
 While 
 
 fl 
 
[ 2^1 ] 
 
 While Cato gives his little Senate la'vjs, 
 
 What hofom heats not in his country s caufe ? 
 
 Who fees him aSf, hut enqjies e^very deed? 
 
 Who hears him groan, and does not ^Ojifi to bleed f 
 
 E'ven 'when proud CxCar 'midji triumphal cars. 
 
 The fpoils of nations y and the pomp of m^ars., 
 
 Ignobly qjain, and impotently great, 
 
 Shonv'd Rome her Cato'j fgure drawn in flat e. 
 
 As her dead father s renjerend image pajl. 
 
 The pomp 'was darken d, and the day oercajl^ 
 
 The triumph ceas'd tears gujio'd from euery eye^ 
 
 The 'worlds great 'viSfor pafs'd unheeded by j 
 Her lajl good man dejeBed Rome adofd. 
 And honour d Cx^ms lefs than Cmo s f word. 
 
 Britons attend : he 'worth like this appro'vd. 
 And fio'w you ha've the 'virtue to he mo'v'd. 
 With honejl fcorn the frjl fam'd Cato 'vie'w'd 
 Rome learning arts from Greece, 'whom Jhe fuh dud. 
 Our fcene precarioujly fubjijls too long 
 On French tranjlation, and Italian j^w^; 
 Dare to have fenfe your fehes ; affert the Jlage, 
 Be jufily 'warm'd 'with your cwn nati've rage. 
 Such plays alone Jhould pleafe a Britifh ear. 
 As CatoV felf had not difdaind to hear. 
 
 Dramatis 
 
Dramatis Perfonse. 
 
 M E N. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Lucius, a Senator. 
 
 Sempronius, n Senator, 
 
 Juba, Prince of Numidia. 
 
 Syphax, General of the Numidians. 
 
 Fortius, 7 f, f. ^ 
 
 y dons of Cato. 
 Marcus, ^ 
 
 Decius, Amhajfador from Csfar. 
 
 Mtttmeers, Guards^ &c. 
 
 Mr. Booth, 
 Mr. Keen. 
 Mr. Mills, 
 Mr. Wilks, 
 Mr. Cibher, 
 Mr. Powell, 
 Mr. Ryan, 
 Mr. Bowman: 
 
 WOMEN. 
 
 Marcia, Daughter to Cato. • 
 
 Lucia, Daughter to Lucius. 
 
 Mrs. Oldfield* 
 Mrs. Porter. 
 
 SCENE a large Hall in the Governor's Palace 
 
 of Utica. 
 
 CATO, 
 
[26s] 
 
 c 
 
 A 
 
 T 
 
 O. 
 
 ACTL SCENE I. 
 
 FORTIUS, MARCUS. 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 '"'^" ■ ^"^ H E dawn is over-cad, the morning 
 lours, 
 And heavily in clouds brings on the 
 
 day, 
 The great, th' important day, big 
 
 with the fate 
 Of Cato and of Rome Our Fa- 
 ther's Death 
 c^i«iw:^m3 Would fill up all the guilt of Civil war. 
 And clofe the fcene of blood. Already defar 
 
 Has 
 
264 C A t 0: 
 
 Has ravaged more than half the globe, and fees 
 Mankind grown thin by his deftru6tive fword: 
 Should he go further, numbers would be wanting 
 To form new battels, and fupport his crimes. 
 Ye Gods, what havock does ambition make 
 Among your works! 
 
 MJR C U S, 
 
 Thy fteddy temper, Port'mSy 
 Can look on guilt, rebellion, fraud, and C<efar, 
 In the calm lights of mild Philofophy,- 
 I'm tortur'd, even to madnefs, when I think 
 On the proud vidor : every time he's named 
 
 Pharfal'ia rifes to my view ! 1 fee 
 
 Th' infulting tyrant, prancing o'er the field 
 
 Strow'd with Rome's citizens, and drench'd in flaughter, 
 
 His Horfe's hoofs wet with Patrician blood! 
 
 Oh Port'tm, is there not fbme chofen curfe, 
 
 Some hidden thunder in the ftores of Heaven, 
 
 Red with uncommon wrath, to blafl: the man, 
 
 Who owes his grcatnefs to his country's ruin? 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Believe me, Marcus, 'tis an impious greatncfs, 
 And mixc with too much horrour to be envy'd: 
 How does the luftre of our father's actions, 
 Through the dark cloud of Ills that cover him. 
 Break out, and burn with more triumphant brightnefs! 
 His fufferings fliine, and fpread a glory round him j 
 Greatly unfortunate, he fights the caufe 
 
 Of 
 
C A T 0. 26f 
 
 Of honour, virtue^ liberty, and Rome. 
 His fword ne*er fell but on the guilty head j 
 Opprcflion, tyranny, and power ufurp'd. 
 Draw all the vengeance of his arm upon 'em. 
 
 MA R C U S. 
 
 Who knows not this ? but what can Cato do 
 Againfl a world, a bafe degenerate world. 
 That courts the yoke, and bows the neck to Cafarl 
 Pent up in Uttca he vainly forms 
 A poor epitome of Roman greatnefs. 
 And, cover'd with Numidtan guards, directs 
 A feeble army, and an empty fenate, 
 Remnants of mighty battels fought in vain. 
 By Heavens, fuch virtues, join'd with fuch fuccefs, 
 Diftrad my very foul. Our father's fortune 
 Would almoft tempt us to renounce his precepts. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Remember what our father oft has told us : 
 The ways of Heaven are dark and intricate, 
 Puz^led in mazes, and perplex'd with errors : 
 Our underftanding traces 'em in vain. 
 Loft and bewilder'd in the fruitlels fearch ,• 
 Nor fees with how much art the windings run, 
 Nor where the regular confufion ends. 
 
 MA Reus, 
 
 Thefe are fuggeftions of a mind at eafe : ' 
 Oh Port'ms, didft thou tafte bjt half the griefs, 
 
 Vol. I. Mm - That 
 
266 C A T 0. 
 
 That wring my foul, thou couldft not talk thus coldly. 
 
 PafTion unpity'd, and fuccefslefs love. 
 
 Plant daggers in my heart, and aggravate 
 
 My other griefs. Were but my Lucia kind!— '— 
 
 FORTIUS'. 
 
 Thou fee'fl: not that thy Brother is thy Rival : 
 But I muft hide it, for I know thy temper. [^de. 
 
 Now, Marcus, now, thy virtue's on the proof: 
 Put forth thy utmoft ftrength, work every nerve. 
 And call up all thy father in thy foul : 
 To quell the tyrant Love, and guard thy heart 
 On this weak fide, where moft our nature failsj. 
 Would be a conqueft worthy Catos fbn. 
 
 MA RCU S^ 
 
 Portms, the counfel which I cannot take, 
 Inftead of healing, but upbraids my weaknelso- 
 Bid me for honour plunge into a war 
 Of thickefl foes, and ru{h on certain death. 
 Then fhak thou fee that Marcus is not flow 
 To follow glory, and confefs his father. 
 Love is not to be reafon'd down, or lofl:. 
 In high ambition, and a thirft of greatnefsj. 
 'Tis fecond life, it grows into the foul. 
 Warms every vein, and beats in every pulfe^ 
 I feel it here : my refolution melts 
 
 . FORTIUS. 
 
 Behold young Jub^, the Numtdian Prince !' 
 With how much care he forms himfelf to glory, 
 
 Ana 
 
C A T 0. o.(^j 
 
 And breaks the fiercenc(s of his native temper 
 To copy out our Father's bright example. 
 He loves our filler Marciay greatly loves her. 
 His eyes, his looks, his adions all betray it : 
 But ftill the finother'd fondnefs burns within him* 
 When moft it fwells, and labours for a vent, 
 The lenfe of honour and defire of fame 
 Drive the big paflion back into his heart. 
 What ! (hall an Jfr'tcan^ Ihall Juha'% heir 
 Reproach great Cato's (on, and rtiow the worid 
 A virtue wanting in a Roman foul ? 
 
 MA Reus, 
 
 PortiuSf no more I your words leave ftings behind 'em. 
 When-e'er did Juba, or did Pertiusy Aiow 
 A virtue that has caft me at a diftance. 
 And thrown me out in the purfoits of honour ? 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 Marcusy I know thy gen'rous temper well ,• 
 Fling but th' appearance of diflionour on it. 
 It ftrait takes fire, and mounts into a blaze. 
 
 MARCUS. 
 
 A Brother's fufferings claim a Brother's pity. 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 Heaven knows I pity thee : behold my eyes 
 Even whilft 1 fpeak — Do they not fwim in tears? 
 
 M m 2 Were 
 
268 CAT 0} 
 
 Were but my heatt as naked to thy view, 
 Marcus would fee it bleed in his behalf. 
 
 MARCUS, 
 
 Why then doft treat me with rebukes, inftead 
 Of kind condoling cares, and friendly fbrrow ? 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 O Marcus, did I know the way to eafe 
 Thy troubled heart, and mitigate thy pains, ,;:; 
 
 Marcus, believe me, I could die to do it. 
 
 MA R C U S. 
 
 Thou beft of brothers, and thou bed of friends f 
 Pardon a weak diflemper'd Ibul that fwells 
 With fudden gufts, and finks as (bon in calms,^ 
 
 The fport of paffions : but Sempron'ms comes : 
 
 He muft not find this foftnefs hanging on me. \Extt;. 
 
 SCENE 11 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, FORTIUS. 
 
 SEMP RONIUS. 
 
 Confpiracies no fooner fhould be form'd 
 Than executed. What means Portms here? 
 I like not that cold youth. I muft dilTemble,. 
 And fpeak a language foreign to my. heart. [Aftde. 
 
 Good 
 
C A T 0. 269 
 
 Good morrow Porttmf let us once embrace, 
 Once more embrace; whilft yet we both are free. 
 To-morrow fhould we thus exprefs our friendfhip. 
 Each might receive a flave into his arms ; 
 This Sun perhaps, this morning Sun's the laft. 
 That e'er fhall rife on Roman hberty. 
 
 p R r I u s. 
 
 My father has this morning call'd together 
 To this poor hall his little Roman Senate, 
 (The leavings of Pharfalia) to confult 
 If yet he can oppofe the mighty torrent 
 That bears down Rome, and all her gods, before it, 
 Or muft at length give up the world to Ceefar, 
 
 S E MP R NIUS, 
 
 Not all the pomp and majefty of Rome 
 Gan raife her Senate more than Cato's prefence. 
 His virtues render our affembly awful. 
 They ftiike with (omtthing likeTeligious fear, 
 And make even de/ar tremble at the head 
 Of armies fluflVd with conqueft : O my Portius, 
 Could I but call that wondrous Man my Father, 
 Would but thy fifter Marcia be propitious 
 To thy friend's vows: I'might be blefs'd indeed! 
 
 P RT lU S, 
 
 ■Al.i<;| S^mpronm, "would'ft thou talk of love 
 Tc ' ' whilft her father's life's in danger? 
 
 Thou 
 
270 C A T 0. 
 
 Thou might'fl as well court the pale trembling Veftal, 
 When flie beholds the holy flame expiring 
 
 SEMP RONIUS. 
 
 The more I fee the wonders of thy race, 
 The more I'm charm'd. Thou muft take heed, my Portm/ 
 The world has all its eyes on Cato's fon. 
 Thy father's merit fets thee up to view, 
 And fliows thee in the faireft point of light, 
 To make thy virtues, or thy faults, confpicuous, 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Well dofl: thou feem to check my lingring here 
 
 On this important hour I'll ftrait away, 
 
 And while the Fathers of the Senate meet 
 
 In clofe debate to weigh th' events of war, 
 
 I'll animate the foldier's drooping courage. 
 
 With love of freedom, and contempt of life : 
 
 I'll thunder in their ears, their country's cauie. 
 
 And try to roufe up all that's Roman in 'cm, 
 
 'Tis not in mortals to Command fuccefs. 
 
 But we'll do more, Semprm'ms ,• we'll Deferve it, [Exit, 
 
 SEMP RO NIUS film, 
 
 Curfe on the Stripling I how he ape's his Sire ? 
 Ambitioufly fententiousi — but I wonder 
 Old Syphax comes not^ his Numtdtan genius 
 Is well difpofed to mifchief, were he prompt 
 And eager on itj but he muft be fpurr'd. 
 And every moment <]uickned to the courfe. 
 
 Cato 
 
C A 7 0. 271 
 
 ^m^Cato has us'd me ill : he has reflifed 
 
 His daughter Mania to my ardent vows. 
 
 Befides, his baffled arms, and ruined caufe. 
 
 Are bars to my ambition. Cafar's favour. 
 
 That (how'rs down greatnefs on his friends, will raife me 
 
 To Rome's firft honours. If I give up CatOy 
 
 I claim in my reward his captive daughter. 
 
 But Syphax comes! — - 
 
 SCENE III. 
 
 SYPHAX, SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 S r P MAX, 
 
 Semproniusj all is ready, 
 
 I've founded my NumidianSy man by man. 
 
 And find 'em ripe for a revolt: they all 
 
 Complain alSud of Catd's difcipline, 
 
 And wait but the command to change their mailer, 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Believe me, Syphaxy there's no time to wafle j 
 Even whilft we fpeak, our Conqueror comes on. 
 And gathers ground upon us every moment. 
 Alas ! thou knoweft not Cafar% adive foul. 
 With what a dreadful courfe he rufhes on 
 From war to war ; in vain has Nature form'd 
 
 Mountains 
 
272 
 
 C A 7 0. 
 
 Mountains and oceans to oppofe his palfagc j 
 
 He bounds o'er all, vidorious in his march,' 
 
 The^i^f^ and Pyr^^if^w fink before him, 
 
 Through winds and waves and ftorms he works his way, 
 
 Impatient for the battel : one day more 
 
 Will fet the Vidor thundering at our gates. 
 
 But tell me, haft thou yet drawn o'er young Juha 7 
 
 That ftill would recommend thee more to Ccefar^ 
 
 And challenge better terms. 
 
 s r ? H A X, 
 
 Alas! he's loft, 
 He's loft, Semprontus ,• all iiis thoughts are full 
 
 Of Catoh virtues : but I'll try once more 
 
 (For every inftant I exped him here) 
 If yet I can fubdue thofe ftubborn principles 
 Of faith, of honour and I know not what. 
 That have corrupted his Num'id'mn temper, 
 And ftruck the infedion into all his foul. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Be fure to prcfs upon him every motive. 
 Juba's furrender, fince his father's death. 
 Would giwQ. Vi^ Afr'ick mto Cafafs hands. 
 And make him Lord of half the burning Zone, 
 
 s r P H A X. 
 
 But is it true, Sempronm^ that your Senate 
 Is call'd together ? Gods ! thou muft be cautious ! 
 
 Cato 
 
C A T 0. 273 
 
 Cato has piercing eyes, and will difcern 
 
 Our frauds, unlefs they're cover'd thick with art. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Let mc alone, good Syphax, I'll conceal 
 My thoughts in paflion ('tis the fureft way j ) 
 I'll bellow out for Rome and for my country, 
 And mouth at C^efar 'till I Ihake the Senate. 
 Your cold hypocrifie's a dale device, 
 A worn-out trick: would'ft thou be thought in earned? 
 Cloath thy feign'd zeal in rage, in fire, in furyf 
 
 ST P H A X. 
 
 In troth, thou'rt able to inftrud grey-hairs. 
 And teach the wily African deceit .' 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, 
 
 Once more be fiire to try thy skill onjuha- 
 Mean while I'll haften to my Roman fbldiers. 
 Inflame the mutiny, and underhand 
 Blow up their difcontents, 'till they break out 
 Unlook'd-for, and difcharge themfclves on Cato^ 
 Remember, SyphaXj we muft work in hafte j 
 O think what anxious moments pals between 
 The birth of plots, and their laft fatal periods. 
 Oh! 'tis a dreadful interval of time, 
 Fill'd up with horror all, and big with death! 
 Dell:rud:ion hangs on every word we fpeak. 
 On every thought, 'till the concluding ftroke 
 Determines all, and clofes our defign. [Exit. 
 
 Vol. I. N n SYPHAX 
 
274 CAT 0. 
 
 S T P HA X folus. 
 
 ril try if yet I can reduce to rejifon 
 This head-ftrong youth, and make him fpurn at Cato. 
 
 The time is fliort, C^far comes rufliing on us 
 
 But hold ! young Juba fees me, and approaches. 
 
 S C E N E IV. 
 
 JUBA, SYPHAX. 
 
 JUBA. 
 
 SyphaXy I joy to meet thee thus alone. 
 1 have obferved of late thy looks are fallen, 
 O'ercaft with gloomy cares, and difcontent; 
 Then tell me, Syphax, I conjure thee, tell me. 
 What are the thoughts that knit thy brow in frowns. 
 And turn thine eye thus coldly on thy Prince ? 
 
 STP HAX. 
 
 'Tis not my talent to conceal my thoughts. 
 Or carry fmiles and fun-fhine in my face, 
 When difcontent fits heavy at my heart. 
 I have not yet fo much the Roman in me. 
 
 JUBA. 
 
 Why do'ft thou cafl: out fuch ungenerous terms 
 Againft the Lords and Sov'reigns of the world? 
 
 Doft 
 
C A 7 0. 275 
 
 Doft thou not fee mankind fall down before them, 
 And own the force of their fuperior virtue ? 
 Is there a nation in the wilds of Afrkk^ 
 Amidft our barren rocks, and burning fands, 
 That does not tremble at the Roman name > 
 
 s r P H A X. 
 
 Gods! where's the worth that fets*this people up 
 Above your own Nnmidia's tawny fbns! 
 Do they with tougher fmews bend the bow? 
 Or flies the javelin fwifter to its mark, 
 Launch'd from the vigour of a Roman arm ? 
 Who like our adive Afr'ican inftru6ls 
 The fiery ftecd, and trains him to his hand ? 
 Or guides in troops th* embattled Elephant, 
 Loaden with war ? thefe, thefe are arts, my Prince, 
 In which your Zama does not ftoop to RonK, 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Thefe all. arc virtues of a meaner rank, 
 Perfedions that are placed in bones and nerves. 
 A Roman (bul is bent on higher views : 
 To civilize the rude unpolifh'd world. 
 And lay it under the reftraint of laws ,- 
 To make Man mild, and fociable to Man j 
 To cultivate the wild licentious Savage 
 With wifdom, difcipline, and liberal arts,- 
 Th'embellifhments of life: Virtues like thefe, 
 Make human nature (hine, reform the foul, 
 And break our fierce barbarians into men. 
 
 N n 2 STPH AX. 
 
2/6 CAT 0. 
 
 ST P H A X. 
 
 Patience kind Heavens! excufe an old man's warmth. 
 
 What are thefe wond'rous civilizing arts, 
 This Roman polifh, and this fmooth behaviour. 
 That render man thus tradtable and tame? 
 Are they not only to difguife our paflions. 
 To fet our looks at variaflce with our thoughts, 
 To check the ftarts and fallies of the foul, 
 And break off all its commerce with the tongue f 
 In fhort, to change us into other creatures, 
 Than what our nature and the Gods defign'd usi 
 
 J U B A 
 
 To ftrike thee dumb : turn up thy eyes to Cato / 
 There may'ft thou fee to what a godlike height 
 The Roman virtues lift up mortal man. 
 While good, and juft, and anxious for his friends. 
 He's ftill feverely bent againft himfelf ; 
 Renouncing deep, and reft, and food, and eafe. 
 He ftrives with thirft and hunger, toil and heatj 
 And when his fortune fets before him all 
 The pomps and pleafures that his foul can wifh^ 
 His rigid virtue will accept of none. 
 
 S T P H A X, 
 
 Believe me. Prince, there's not an African 
 That traverfes our vaft Num'td'tan defarts 
 In queft of prey, and lives upon his bow, ; 
 
 But better pradiifes thefe boafted virtues. 
 
 Coarfc 
 
c A r 0. 
 
 Coarfe are his meals, the fortune of the chafe, 
 Amidfl; the running ftream he flakes his thirft. 
 Toils all the day, and at th' approach of night 
 On the firft friendly bank he throws him down, 
 Or refts his head upon a rock 'till morn : 
 Then rifes frefh, purfiies his wonted game. 
 And if the following day he chance to find 
 A new repaft, or an untafted Spring, 
 Bleffes his ftars, and thinks it luxury. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 Thy prejudices, Syphax, won't difcern 
 What virtues grow from ignorance and choice, 
 Nor how the Hero differs from the Brute. 
 But grant that others could with equal glory 
 Look down on pleafurcs, and the baits of fenfe ,• 
 Where fliall we find the man that bears afflidion. 
 Great and majeftick in his griefs, like Cato 7 
 Heavens! with what ftrength, what fleadinefs of mind, 
 He triumphs in the midft of all his fufferings! 
 How does he rife againft a load of woes, 
 And thank the Gods that throw the weight upon him \ 
 
 ST P H A X, 
 
 'Tis pride, rank pride, and haughtinefs of foul: 
 I think the Romans call it Sto'tc'tfm. 
 Had not your royal father thought {q highly 
 Of Roman virtue, and of Cato\ caufe. 
 He had not fallen by a flave's hand, inglorious: 
 Nor would his flaughter'd army now have laia 
 
 ijj 
 
 On 
 
278 C A 7 0, 
 
 On Jfrick'i fands^ disfigur'd with their wounds, 
 To gorge the Wolves and Vultures of Numtdia, 
 
 J U B A 
 
 Why do'fl thou call my forrows up afrcfh ? 
 My Father's name brings tears into my eyes. 
 
 S T P H A X. 
 
 Oh! that you'd profit by your Father's ills! 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 What would'ft thou have me do ? 
 
 S T P H A X, 
 
 Abandon Cato, 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 SypkaXy I fliould be more than twice an Orphan 
 By fuch a lofs. 
 
 S T P HA X 
 
 Ay, there's the tie that binds you ! 
 You long to call him Father. Mania's charms 
 Work in your heart unfeen, and plead for Cato. 
 No wonder you are deaf to all I fay. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 SyphaXf your zeal becomes importunate; 
 I've hitherto permitted it to rave, 
 
 And 
 
C A T 0, 279 
 
 And talk at large ,• but learn to keep it in, 
 
 Left it fhould take more freedom than Til give it. 
 
 s r P HA X, 
 
 Sir, your great father never ufed me thus. 
 Alas, he's dead! but can you e*er forget 
 The tender Ibrrows and the pangs of nature. 
 The fond embraces and repeated blcfllngs. 
 Which you drew from him in your laft farewel ? 
 Still muft I cherifh the dear, fad remembrance. 
 At once to torture and to pleafe my foul. 
 The good old King at parting wrung my hand, 
 (His eyes brim-full of tears) then fighing cry'd, 
 Pr'ythee be careful of my fon f— — his grief 
 Swell'd up fo high, he could not utter more. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Alas f thy ftory melts away my foul. 
 That beft of fathers! how fliall Idifcharge 
 The gratitude and duty which I owe him ! 
 
 S Y P HA X. 
 
 By laying up his counfels in your heart. 
 
 J U BA. 
 
 His counfels bade me yield to thy diredions : 
 Then, Syphax, chide me in fevcreft terms. 
 Vent all thy paflion, and I'll ftand its fhock. 
 Calm and unruffled as a fummer-fea, 
 When not a breath of wind flies o'er its fiirface. 
 
 STPHAX. 
 
28o C A T 0. 
 
 S Y? H A X. 
 
 Alas ! my Prince, I'd guide you to your fafety. 
 
 J U B'A 
 I do believe thou would'ft : but tell me how ? 
 
 ST P H A X. 
 Fly from the fate that follows Cafar's foes. 
 
 J U BA. 
 My father fcorn'd to do it. 
 
 Sr P MAX 
 And therefore dy'd, 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Better to die ten thoufand thoufand deaths. 
 Than wound my honour. 
 
 ST P H A X, 
 
 Rather fay your love. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 SyphaXy I've promis'd to preferve my temper. 
 Why wilt thou urge me to confefs a flame, 
 I long have ftifled, and would fain conceal ? 
 
 STP HAX 
 
 Believe me, Prince, tho' hard to conquer love, 
 ^Tis eafie to divert and break its force j 
 
 Abfence 
 
C A t 0, 281 
 
 Abfence might cure it, or a fecond miftrefs 
 Light up another flame, and put out this. 
 The glowing dames of Zama's royal court 
 Have faces flufht with more exalted charms; 
 The Sun, that rolls his chariot o'er their heads, 
 Works up more fire and colour in their cheeks : 
 Were you with thefe, my Prince, you'd foon forget 
 The pale unripen'd beauties of the North, 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 'Tis not a fett of features, or complexion, 
 The tindure of a skin, that I admire. 
 Beauty foon grows familiar to the lover, 
 Fades in his eye, and palls upon the fenfe. 
 The virtuous Marc'ta tow'rs above her fex : 
 True, fhe is fair, (Oh how divinely fair!) 
 But ftill the lovely maid improves her charms 
 With inward greatnefs, unaflfe6ted wifdom. 
 And fandity of manners. Cato's foul 
 Shines out in every thing (he ads or fpeaks, 
 While winning mildnefs and attractive fmiles 
 Dwell in her looks, and with becoming grace 
 Soften the rigour of her father's virtues. 
 
 S r P H A X. 
 
 How does your tongue grow wanton in her pralfe! 
 But on my knees I beg you would confider — - 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Hah ! Syphaxy is't not fhe ! -— — fhe moves this way : 
 Vol. I, O o And 
 
282 C A T 0. 
 
 And with her Luciay Lucius's fair daughter. 
 
 My heart beats thick 1 pr'ythee Syphax leave me; 
 
 SYP H A X, 
 
 Ten thoufand curfes faften on them both f 
 Now will this woman with a fingle glance 
 Undo, what I've been labouring all this while. [Exit, 
 
 S C E N E v.. 
 J U B A, M A R C I A, LUCIA. 
 
 J U B A. ^ 
 
 Hail charming Maid! how docs thy beauty fmooth 
 The face of war, and make even Horror fmilef 
 At fight of thee my heart fhakes off its fbrrows; 
 I feel a dawn of joy break in upon me. 
 And for a while forget th' approach of defar, 
 
 M ARC I A. 
 
 I fliould be griev'd, young Prince, to think my prefence 
 Unbent your thoughts, and flacken'd 'em to arms. 
 While, warm with Daughter our victorious foe 
 Threatens aloud, and calls you to the field. 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 O Marc'ta^ let me hope thy kind concerns 
 And gentle wifhes follow me to battel ! 
 
 The 
 
C A t 0. 283 
 
 The thought will give new vigour to my arm, 
 Add ftrength and weight to my defcending fword. 
 And drive it in a tempeft on the foe. 
 
 MAR CIA, 
 
 My prayers and wifhes always {liall attend 
 The friends of Rome^ the glorious caufe of virtue. 
 And men approv'd of by the Gods and Cato, 
 
 J U BA. 
 
 That Juha may deferve thy pious cares, 
 I'll gaze for ever on thy godlike father, 
 Tranfplanting, one by one, into my life 
 His bright perfe6tions*, 'till I fliine like him. 
 
 MA R C J A, 
 
 My father never at a time like this 
 Would lay out his great foul in words, and wafte 
 Such precious moments. 
 
 J U BA. 
 
 Thy reproofs are juft. 
 Thou virtuous maid ,• I'll haften to my troops. 
 And fire their languid fouls with Cato's virtue. 
 If e'er I lead them to the field, when all 
 The war fhall fland ranged in its juft array, 
 And dreadful pomp: then will I think on thee! 
 O lovely Maid, then will I think on thee! 
 And, in the fhock of charging hods, remember 
 What glorious deeds {hould grace the man, who hopes 
 For Marcia's love. [ExtU 
 
 O Q z SCENE 
 
284 C A T 0. 
 
 SCENE VI. 
 
 LUCIA, M A R C I A. 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Marc'iay you're too fevere: 
 How could you chide the young good-natured Prince, 
 And drive him from you with fo ftern an air, 
 A Prince that loves and doats on you to death ?. 
 
 MARC I A. 
 
 'Tis therefore, Lucta, that I chide him from me^ 
 His air, his voice, his looks, and honeft foul 
 Speak all fo movingly in his behalf, 
 I dare not truft my felf to hear him talk. 
 
 LUCIA, 
 
 Why will you fight againft fo fweet a paflion^L 
 And fteel your heart to fuch a world of charms I 
 
 MARC I A 
 
 How, Ltiaa \ would'll thou have me fink away 
 In pleafing dreams, and lofe my felf in Ibvej. 
 When every moment Cato^s life's atftake? 
 Cafar comes arm'd with terror and revenge,. 
 And aims his thunder at my father's head: 
 Should not the fad occafion fwallow up 
 My other cares, and draw them all into iti 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
C A T 0. 285 
 
 L U C I A, 
 
 Why have not I this conftancy of mind. 
 Who have To many griefs to try its force ? 
 Sure, Nature form'd me of her fbfteft mould. 
 Enfeebled all my foul with tender paflions. 
 And funk me even below my own weak fex : 
 Pity and love, by turns, opprefs my heart* 
 
 MA R C I A. 
 
 Luc'm, disburthen all thy cares on me,' 
 And let me fliare thy moft retired diftrefs; 
 Tell me who raifes up this con Aid in thee ? 
 
 L U C I A. 
 
 I need not blufh to name them, when I tell thee 
 They're Mania's brothers, and the fons of Cato, 
 
 MA R CIA. 
 
 They both behold thee with their fifter'seyes: 
 And often have reveal'd their paflion to me. 
 But tell me, whofe addrefs thou favour'ft mofti 
 I long to know, and yet I dread to hear it. 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Which is it Mania wifhes for > 
 
 MAR CIA. 
 
 For neither 
 
 And vet fnr"Sr,r1i — —the youths have equal fhare 
 
 In 
 
286 CAT 0. 
 
 In Mania's wifVies, and divide their fifter : 
 But tell me, which of them is Lucia's choice ? 
 
 LUCIA 
 
 Mania, they both are high in my efleem, 
 
 But in my love why wilt thou make me name him? 
 
 Thou know'ft it is a blind and fooliih paffion, 
 Pleas'd and difgufted with it knows not what — - 
 
 M ARC I A, 
 
 O Lucia, I'm perplex'd, O tell me which 
 I mull hereafter call my happy brother ?• 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Suppofe 'twere Fortius, could you blame my choice ? 
 
 O Fortius, thou haft ftol'n away my foul! 
 
 With what a graceful tendernefs he loves f 
 And breathes the fofteft, the lincereft vows \ 
 Complacency, and truth, and manly fweetnels 
 Dwell ever on his tongue, and fmooth his thoughts. 
 Marcus is over-warm, his fond complaints 
 Have fo much earneftnefs and paflion in them, 
 I hear him with a fecret kind of horrour, 
 And tremble at his vehemence of temper. 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 Alas poor youth! how can'ft thou throw him from thee? 
 Lucia, thou know'ft not half the love he bears thee; 
 Whene'er he fpenks of thee, his heart's in flames, 
 He fends out all his ibul in every word, 
 
 And 
 
C A T 0. 287 
 
 And thinks, and talks, and looks like one tranfported. 
 Unhappy youth ! how will thy coldnefs raife 
 Tempefts and florms in his afflided bofom \ 
 I dread the confequence. 
 
 L V C 1 A, 
 
 You feem to plead 
 Againft your brother Portm. 
 
 M A RC I A, 
 
 Heaven forbid ? 
 Had Fortius been the unfuccefsful lover. 
 The fame compalTion would have fall'n on him. 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Was ever virgin love diftrefs'd like mine f 
 Fortius himfclf oft falls in tears before me, 
 As if he mourn'd his rival's ill liiccefs, 
 Then bids me hide the motions of my heart, 
 Nor (how which way it turns. So much he fears 
 The fad effeds that it would have on Marcus. 
 
 M ARC I A. 
 
 He knows too well how eafily he's fired. 
 And would not plunge his brother in defpair. 
 But waits for happier times, and kinder moments. 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Alas, too late I find my felf involved 
 In endiefs griefs, and labyrinths of woe. 
 
 Born 
 
288 C A T 0. 
 
 Born to afflid my Mania's family, 
 
 And fow diffention in the hearts of brothers; 
 
 Tormenting thought! it cuts into my fouL 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 Let us not, Lnc'iay aggravate our forrows. 
 But to the Gods permit th' event of things* 
 Our lives, difcolour'd with our prefent woes, 
 May ftili grow white, and fmile with happier hoursj 
 
 So the pure Hmpid ftream, when foul with ftains 
 Of rufhing torrents, and defcending rains. 
 Works it felf clear, and as it runs, refines j 
 'Till by degrees, the floating mirrour (bines, 
 Refleds each flow'r that on the border grows. 
 And a new Heaven in its fair bofom fhows, [Exeunt » 
 
 ACT 
 
J 
 
 C A T 0. 289 
 
 A C T II. S C E N E I. 
 
 The SENATE. 
 
 SEMP RO NIUS, 
 
 ROME dill furvives in this alTembled Senate ! 
 Let us remember we are Cato's friends. 
 And a6t like men who claim that glorious title. 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
 Catd will foon be here, and open to us 
 Th'occafion of our meeting. Heark! iie comes f 
 
 [/^ found of Trumpets: 
 May all the guardian gods of Rome dired him! 
 
 Enter C A T O. 
 
 c A r 0, 
 
 Fathers, we once again are met in council. 
 Cafar's approach has fummon'd us together, 
 And Rome attends her fate from our refolves: 
 How fhall we treat this bold afpiring man? 
 Succefs ftill follows him, and backs his crimes : 
 PharfaUa gave him Rome j Eg'ypt has fince 
 Received his yoke, and the whole Nile is defars, 
 
 Vol. I, P p Why 
 
290 CAT 0. 
 
 Why (hould I mention Jubah overthrow. 
 And Sc'ip'w's death ? Num'td'ta's bctming fands 
 Still fmoke with blood. 'Tis time we fhould decree ^ 
 
 What courfe to take. Our foe advances on us. 
 And envies us even Libia's fultry defarts. 
 Fathers, pronounce your thoughts, are they flill fixt: 
 To hold it out, and fight it to the laft ? 
 Or are your hearts fubdu'd at length, and wrought 
 By time and ill fuccels to a fubmiffion ? 
 Sempronm Ipeak. 
 
 S E MP RO N I U S, 
 
 My voice is ftill for war. 
 Gods, can a Roman Senate long debate 
 W'^hich of the two to chufe, flavery or death! 
 No, let us rife at once, gird chi our fwords. 
 And, at the head of our remaining troops. 
 Attack the foe, break through the thick array 
 Of his throng'd legions, and charge home upon him. 
 Perhaps fome arm, more lucky than the reft, 
 May reach his heart, and free the world from bondage. 
 Rife, Fathers, rife ! 'tis Rome demands your help j 
 Rife, and revenge her flaughter'd citizens. 
 Or fliare their fate ! the corps of half her Senate 
 Manure the fields of 'TJoeJfa^^ while we 
 Sit here, deliberating in cold debates. 
 If we fhould facrifice our lives to honour. 
 Or wear them out in fervitude and chains. 
 Roufe up for fliamelour brothers of PharfaTm 
 
 Point at their wounds, and cry aloud To battel \ 
 
 Great 
 
C A 1 0. 291 
 
 CTreat Pompey^s fhade complains that we are flow. 
 And Scip'io's ghoft walks unreveoged amongft us ! 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 Let not a torrent of impetuous zeal 
 Tranfport thee thus beyond the bounds of reafon : 
 True fortitude is feen in great exploits 
 That juftice warrants, and that wifdom guides, 
 All elfe is tow'ring frenzy and diftradion. 
 Are not the lives of thofe, who draw the fword 
 In Rome's defence, entrufted to our care ? 
 Should we thus lead them to a field of flaughter. 
 Might not th' impartial world with reafon fay 
 We lavifli'd at our deaths the blood of thoufands. 
 To grace our fall, and make our ruine glorious ? 
 Lucius^ we next would know what's your opinion* 
 
 LUCIUS. 
 
 My thoughts, I mud confefs, are turn'd on peace. 
 Already have our quarrels fiU'd the world 
 With widows and with orphans : Scyth'ia mourns 
 Our guilty wars, and earth's remoteft regions 
 Lie half unpeopled by the feuds of Rome : 
 'Tis time to fheath the fword, and (pare mankind. 
 It is not Ceefar-y but the Gods, my fathers. 
 The Gods declare againft us, and repell 
 Our vain attempts. To urge the foe to battel 
 (Prompted by blind revenge and wild defpair^ 
 Were to refufe th' awards of Providence, 
 And not to reft in Heaven's determination. 
 
 P p 2 Already 
 
292 CAT o: 
 
 Already have we fliown our love to Rome, 
 
 Now let us fhow fubmifTion to the Gods. 
 
 We took up arms, not to revenge our felves. 
 
 But free the common-wealth j when this end fails,' 
 
 Arms have no further ufe: our country's caufe. 
 
 That drew our fwords, now wrefts 'em from our hands," 
 
 And bids us not delight in Roman blood, 
 
 Unprofitably fhed ^ what men could do 
 
 Is done already : Heaven and earth will witnefs, 
 
 If Rome muft fall, that we are innocent. 
 
 S EMP RO NIUS, 
 
 This fmooth difcourfe and mild behaviour oft 
 
 Conceal a traytor fomething whifpers me 
 
 All'is not right Cato, beware o( Lucks, \Jftde to Cato. 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Let us appear nor rafh nor diffident : 
 Immoderate valour fwells into a fault. 
 And fear, admitted into publick counfels, 
 Betrays like treafon. Let us fhun 'em both. 
 Fathers, I cannot fee that our affairs 
 Are grown thus defperate. We have bulwarks round us,-. 
 Within our walls are troops enured to toil 
 In Afrkks heats, and feafon'd to the fun; 
 Numidm's fpacious kingdom lies behind us, 
 Ready to rife at its young Prince's call. 
 While there is hope, do not diftruft the 'Gods,- 
 But wait at leaft 'till Cafar'% near approach 
 Force us to yield. 'Twill never be too late* 
 
 To 
 
**x- 
 
 C A T 0. 
 
 To fue for chains, and own a conqueror. 
 Why ihould Rome fall a moment ere her time ? 
 No, let us draw her term of freedom out 
 In its full length, and /pin it to the laft. 
 So fhall we gain ftill one day's liberty j 
 And let me perifli, but, in Catd's judgment, 
 A day, an hour of virtuous liberty, 
 Is worth a whole eternity in bondage. 
 
 Enter MARCUS. 
 MARCUS, 
 
 Fathers, this moment, as I watch'd the gates 
 Lodg'd on my poft, a herald is arrived 
 From C^far's camp, and with him comes old Deans, 
 The Roman knight j he carries in his looks 
 Impatience, and demands to /peak with Cato, 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 293 
 
 By your permiflion, fathers, bid him enter. 
 
 "Deems was once my friend, but other profpedls 
 Have loofed thofe ties, and bound him fafl: to Ccefar, 
 His meffage may determine our refolves. 
 
 [Exit Marcus. 
 
 SCENE 
 
294 C A T 0, 
 
 S C E N E II. 
 
 D E C I U S, C A T O, &c, 
 
 D E CIV S. 
 
 defar fends health to Cato, — — 
 
 CAtO. 
 
 Could he fend it 
 To Catd's flaughter'd friends, it would be welcome.' 
 Are not your orders to addrefs the Senate ? 
 
 D E C lUS, 
 
 My bufinefs is with Cato : Cafar fees 
 The ftreights, to which you're driven j and, as he knows 
 Cato's high worth, is anxious for your life. 
 
 CATO, 
 
 My life is grafted on the fate of Rome : 
 Would he fave Cato ? bid him fpare his country, 
 Tell your Dictator this : and tell him, Cato 
 Difdains a life, which he has power to offer. 
 
 D E C I US. 
 
 Rome and her Senators fubmit to Cafar; 
 Her Generals and her Confuls are no more. 
 Who check'd his conquefts, and denied his triumphs. 
 Why will not Cato be this Cafar's friend ? 
 
 CATO, 
 
c A r 0, 
 
 Thofe very reafbns, thou haft urged, forbid it, 
 
 D E C I U S. 
 
 CatOj I've orders to expoftulate. 
 And reaibn with you, as from friend to friend : 
 Think on the ftorm that gathers o'er your head. 
 And threatens every hour to burft upon it,- 
 Still may you ftand high in your country's honours. 
 Do but comply, and make your peace with defar, 
 Rome will rejoice, and caft its eyes on Cato, 
 As on the fecond of mankind. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 No moref" 
 r muft not think of life on fuch conditions. 
 
 D E C I U .^, 
 
 Cdefar is well acquainted with your virtues. 
 And therefore fets this value on your life : 
 Let him but know the price of Gs/y's friendfhip, 
 And name your terms. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Bid him disband his legions, 
 Reftore the common-wealth to liberty. 
 Submit liis actions to the publick cenfure. 
 And ftand the judgment of a Roman Senate. 
 Bid him do this, and Cato is his friend, 
 
 DECIUS. 
 
296 ' C A T 0. 
 
 D E C lU S. 
 
 Cato, the worlcT talks loudly of your wifdom -— 
 
 c J r 0. 
 
 Nay more, tho' Cato's voice was ne*er employ*d 
 To clear the guilty, and to vernifh crimes, 
 My felf will mount the Rofirum in his favour. 
 And ftrive to gain his pardon from the people. 
 
 D E C I U S, 
 
 A ftyle, like this, becomes a Conqueror. 
 
 CATO. 
 Dec'msj 2l ftyle, Uke this, becomes a Roman. 
 
 D E C I U S. 
 What is a Roman, that is Cafar's foe ? 
 
 CATO, 
 Greater than Ctefar : he's a friend to virtue. 
 
 D EC I U S, 
 
 Confider, Cato, you're in Uticay 
 And at the head of your own little Senate; 
 You don't now thunder in the capitol. 
 With all the mouths of Rome to fecond you. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Let him confider that, who drives us hither ; 
 
 'Tis 
 
CAT 0. 297 
 
 'Tis Cafar's fword has made Rome's Senate little,' 
 
 And thinn'd its ranks. Alas, thy dazl(?d eye 
 
 Beholds this man in a falfe glaring light. 
 
 Which conqueft and (ucccfs have thrown upon him j 
 
 Didft thou but view him right, thotfdft fee him bhck- 
 
 With murder, treafbn, facrilege, and crimes 
 
 That ftrike my foul with horror but to name 'em. 
 
 I know thou look'ft on me, as on a wretch 
 
 Befet with ills, and cover'd with misfortunes j 
 
 But, by the Gods I fwcar, millions of worlds 
 
 Should never buy me to be like that Qefar, 
 
 D E C tU S, 
 
 Does Cato fend this anfwer back to Cafary 
 For all his generous cares, and profFer'd friendship ? 
 
 CATO. 
 
 His cares for me are infolent and vain : 
 Prefumptuous man ! the Gods take care of Cato, 
 Would Ciffar Hiow the greatneis of his foul ? 
 Bid him employ his care for thefe my friends. 
 And make good ufe of his ill-gotten power. 
 By flielt'ring men much better than himfelf. 
 
 D E C lU ^. 
 
 Your high unconquer*d heart makes you forget 
 You are a Man. You ru(h on your deftrudion. 
 But I have done. When I relate hereafter 
 The tale of this unhappy embadie, 
 All Rome will be in tears. [Exit Decius. 
 
 Vol.1. dq SCENE 
 
298 C A T 0. 
 
 SCENE III. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, LUCIUS, CATO, &c 
 
 S EMP RO NIUS. 
 
 CatOy we thank thee. 
 The mighty genius of immortal Rome 
 Speaks in thy voice, thy foul breathes Hberty : 
 Cafar will (hrink to hear the words thou utter'fl:, 
 And fliudder in the midft of all his conquefts. 
 
 LUCIUS. 
 
 The Senate ownes its gratitude to Catay 
 Who with fo great a foul confults its fafety. 
 And guards our lives, while he negleds his own. 
 
 SEMP R NIUS, 
 
 Sempron'ms gives no thanks on this account. 
 Lnc'im feems fond of life^ but what is Life? 
 'Tis not to ftalk about, and draw frefh air 
 From time to time, or gaze upon the Sun; 
 'Tis to be Free. When liberty is gone, 
 Life grows infipid, and has loft its relijfli. 
 O could my dying hand but lodge a fword 
 In Cafars bofom, and revenge my country. 
 By Heavens I could enjoy the pangs of death. 
 And fmile in agony a 
 
 L UCIUS^ 
 
C A T 0. 299 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
 Others perhaps 
 May ferve their country with as warm a zeal, 
 Though 'tis not kindled into fo much rage. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 This fober condud: is a mighty virtue 
 In luke-warm Patriots. 
 
 C A r 0. 
 
 Come! no more, Sempromus, 
 All here are friends to Rome, and to each other, 
 Let us not weaken ftill the weaker lide, 
 By our divifions. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 CatOy my refentments 
 Are facrificed to Rome 1 ftand reproved. 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Fathers, 'tis time you come to a refolvc, 
 
 LUCIUS. 
 
 Cato, we all go into your opinion. 
 Cafar's, behaviour has convinced the Senate 
 We ought to hold it out 'till terms arrive. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 We ought to hold it out 'till death ; but, Cato, 
 My private voice is drown'd amid the Senate's. 
 
 dq 2 CATO. 
 
300 
 
 C A T 0. 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 Then let us rife, my friends, and ftrivc to f3I 
 This little interval, this paufe of life, 
 (While yet our liberty and fetes are doubtful) 
 With refolution, friendihip, Roman bravery, 
 And all the virtues we can crowd into it ,• 
 That Heaven may fay, it ought to be proIongM. 
 
 Fathers, farewel The young NumUian Vr'ince 
 
 Comes forward, and expe<^s to know our counfels. 
 
 SCENE IV. 
 C A T O, J U B A.- 
 
 c J r 0. 
 
 Juha, the Roman Senate has rcfolv'd. 
 Till time give better profpe(5ls, ilill to keep 
 The fword unftieath'd, and turn its edge on C^/ar. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 The refolution fits a Roman Senate. 
 But, Cato^ lend me for a while thy patience. 
 And condefcend to hear a young man fpeak. 
 
 My father, when fome days before his death 
 He order'd me to march for Ulka 
 (Alas, I thought not then his death (o near/} 
 Wept o'er me, preft me in his aged arms. 
 And, as his griefe gave way, my Ion, faid he, 
 
 Whate- 
 
C A f 0. 301 
 
 Whatever fortune fhall befall thy father. 
 Be Cato's friend, he'll train thee up to great 
 And virtuous deeds : do but obferve him well, 
 Thou'lt fhun misfortunes, or thou'lt learn to bear 'em. 
 
 CATO, 
 
 .1 
 
 Juhay thy father was a worthy Prince, 
 And merited, alas! a better fate; 
 But Heaven thought otherwife. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 My father's fate, 
 In fpight of all the fortitude, that flilnes 
 Before my face, in Gate's great example. 
 Subdues my foul, and fills my eyes with tears, 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 It is an honed iorrow, and becomes thee. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 My father drew refpedl from foreign climes: 
 The Kings of Afrkk fought him for their friend,- 
 Kings far remote, that rule, as fame reports. 
 Behind the hidden fburces of the NiUy 
 In diftant worlds, on t' other fide tlie Sun : 
 Oft have their black ambaifadors appeared, 
 Loaden with gifts, and fill'd the courts of Zama, 
 
 c A r 0. 
 
 I am no ftranger to thy father's greatncls? 
 
 JUB.I 
 
302 CAT 0. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 I would not boafl: the greatncfs of my father, 
 But point out new alliances to Cato. 
 Had we not better leave this Ut'tca^ 
 To arm Numidia in our caufe, and court 
 Th'afiTiftance of my father's powerful friends? 
 Did they know CatOy our remoteft Kings 
 Would pour embattled multitudes about him ,- 
 Their fwarthy hofts would darken all our plains. 
 Doubling the native horrour of the war. 
 And making death more grim. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 And canft thou think 
 Cato will fly before the fword of Cafarl 
 Reduced like Hannibal^ to feek relief 
 From court to court, and wander up and down, 
 A vagabond in Afr'tck! 
 
 JVBA. 
 
 CatOy perhaps 
 I'm too officious, but my forward cares 
 Would fain preferve a life of fb much value. 
 Mv heart is wounded, when I fee fuch virtue 
 AiHided by the v/eight of fuch misfortunes. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Thy noblenefs of (bul obliges me. 
 But know, young Prince, that valour foars above 
 
 What 
 
C A T 0, 303 
 
 what the world calls misfortune and afflidion. 
 Thefe are not ills ; elfe would they never fall 
 On Heaven's firft favourites, and the bed of men : 
 The Gods, in bounty, work up florms about us, 
 That give mankind occafion to exert 
 Their hidden ftrength, and throw out into practice 
 Virtues, which fliun the day, and lie conceal'd 
 In the fmooth feafons and the calms of life. 
 
 J U B J. 
 
 I'm charm'd whene'er thou talk'ft ! I pant for virtue 
 And all my foul endeavours at perfedion. 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 Doft thou love watchings, abftinence, and toil, 
 Laborious virtues all ? learn them from Cato : 
 Succcfs and fortune mud thou learn from Cafar. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 The bed good fortune that can fall on Jnha, 
 The whole fuccefs, at which my hcai-t afpires. 
 Depends on Cato. 
 
 CATO, 
 
 What does Jtdha fay ? 
 Thy words confound me. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 I would fain retrad them. 
 Give 'em me back again, They aim at nochlng. 
 
 CATO. 
 
504 CAT 0. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Tell me thy wifli, young Priace j make aot my ear 
 A ftranger to thy thoughts. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 Oh, they're extravagant; 
 Still let me hide them. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 What can Jnha ask 
 That Cato will refufe ! 
 
 J U B A 
 
 I fear to name it. 
 Mania inherits all her Other's virtues. 
 
 CATO, 
 
 What would'fl: thou fay ? 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 CatOy thou haft a daughter. 
 
 CATO, 
 
 Adieu, young Prince : I would not hear a word 
 Should lefTen thee in my efteem : remember 
 The hand of fate is over us, and Heaven 
 Exacts (everity from all our thoughts : 
 It is not now a time to talk of aught 
 But chains, or conqueft; liberty, or death. 
 
 SCENE 
 
c A r 0. 305 
 
 SCENE V. 
 
 SYPHAX, JUBA. 
 
 ST? HAX. 
 
 How's this, my Prince! what, cover'd with confufion ? 
 You look as if yon ftern Philofopher 
 Had juft now chid you. 
 
 JUBA 
 
 Syphax^ I'm undone? 
 
 s r P H A X, 
 
 I know it well. 
 
 JUBA. 
 Cato thinks meanly of me. 
 
 ST P HAX. 
 
 And fo will all mankind. 
 
 JUBA. • 
 
 I've opened to him 
 The weaknefs of my foul, my love for Mania, 
 
 ST P HAX 
 
 Cato's a proper perfon to entruft 
 A love-tale with. 
 
 Vol.1. Rr JUBA. 
 
3o6 CAT 0. 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 Oh, I could pierce my heart. 
 My fooHfh heart! was ever wretch like Juba7 
 
 SYPHAX. 
 
 Alas, my Prince, how are you chang'd of latef 
 I've known young Juha rife, before the Sun, 
 To beat the thicket where the Tiger flept, 
 Or feek the Lion in his dreadful haunts : 
 How did the colour mount into your cheeks. 
 When firft you roufed him to the chafe! I've feen you. 
 Even in the Lib'yan Dog-days, hunt him down. 
 Then charge him clofe, provoke him to the rage 
 Of fangs and claws, and {looping from your Horle 
 Rivet the panting favage to the ground. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Pr'ythee, no more ? ^ 
 
 ST P H A X. 
 
 How would the old King fmilc 
 To fee you weigh the paws, when tipp'd with gold. 
 And throw the Shaggy fpoils about your fhoulders ! 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Sjphax, this old man's talk ( tho' honey flow'd 
 In every word ) would now lofe all its fweetnefs* 
 Cato's difpleas'd, and Marc'm loft for ever! 
 
 STPHAX 
 
C A 7 0. 307 
 
 s r P H A X, 
 
 Young Prince, I yet could give you good advice. 
 Marc'ta might ftill be yours. 
 
 J U BA. 
 
 What fay'ft thou, Sypbax? 
 By heavens, thou turn'ft me all into attention. 
 
 S T P H A X. 
 
 Marc'm might ftill be yours. 
 
 J UB A, 
 As how, dear Syphax 7 
 
 s r P HA X. 
 
 Juba commands Numid'ta's hardy troops. 
 Mounted on fteeds, unufed to the rcftraint 
 Of curbes or bittes, and fleeter than the winds : 
 Give but the word, we'll fnatch this damfel up, 
 And bear her off. 
 
 JUBA. 
 
 Can fuch diflioneft thoucrhts 
 Rife up in man! would'fl thou feduce my youth 
 To do an ad: that would deftroy my honour ? 
 
 SYPHAX. 
 
 Gods, I could tear my beard to hear you talk \ 
 Honour's a fine imaginary notion, 
 
 Rr 2 That 
 
3o8 C A r 0. 
 
 That draws in raw and unexperienced men 
 To real mifchiefs, while they hunt a lliadow. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Would'ft thou degrade thy Prince into a Ruffian ? 
 
 S r P H A X, 
 
 The boafted Anceftors of thefe great men, 
 Whofe virtues you admire, were all fuch Ruffians. 
 This dread of nations, this almighty Rome, 
 That comprehends in her wide empire's bounds 
 All under Heaven, was founded on a Rape. 
 Your Sctp'w's, Ccefar's, Pompey's, and your Catd'Sy 
 (Thefe Gods on earthj are all the f]3urious brood 7 
 
 Of violated maids, of ravifh'd Sah'mes. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 SyphaXj I fear that hoary head of thine 'J 
 
 Abounds too much in our Num'id'tan wiles. 
 
 S T P H A X. 
 
 Indeed, my Prince, you want to know the world,- 
 You have not read mankind^ your youth admires, 
 The throws and fwellings of a Roman foul, 
 Cato'% bold flights, th' extravagance of virtue. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 If knowledge of the world makes man perfidious^ 
 May Juba ever live in ignorance,' 
 
 STPHAX 
 
C A T 0, 309 
 
 SY P H A X, 
 Qto^ go, you're young. 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 Gods, mufl I tamely bear 
 This arrogance unanfwer'd ! thou'rt a traitor, 
 A falfe old traitor. 
 
 S T P H A X. 
 
 I have gone too far. \_Aftde. 
 
 J U B A. 
 Cato fhall know the bafenefs of thy foul; 
 
 SYP H A X. 
 
 I mud appeafe this ftorm, or perifli in it.. [Afide,. 
 
 Young Prince, behold thefe locks that are grown white 
 Beneath a helmet in your father's battels. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Thofe locks fliall ne'er proteft thy infblencc.. 
 
 S r P MAX 
 
 Mud one rafli word, th' infirmity of age,, 
 Throw down the merit of my better years ? 
 This the reward of a whole life of fervice!' 
 Curfe on the boy! how fleadily he hears me! [Afide, 
 
 J U B A 
 
 Is it becaufe the throne of my fore-fathers 
 
 Still 
 
310 CAT a 
 
 Still (lands unfill'd, and that Numid'ids crown 
 Hangs doubtful yet, whofe head it fhall enclofe. 
 Thou thus prefumeA to treat thy Prince with fcorn ? 
 
 S T P H A X. 
 
 Why will you rive my heart with fuch cxpreflions? 
 Does not old S'yphax follow you to war ? 
 What are his aims ? why does he load with darts 
 His trembling hand, and cru(h beneath a cask 
 His wrinkled brows ? what is it he afpires to ; 
 Is it not this ? to flied the flow remains. 
 His laft poor ebb of blood, in your defence ? 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Syphax, no more! I would not hear you talk. 
 
 s r P H A X, 
 
 Not hear me talk! what, when my faith to Juba, 
 My royal mafl:er's fon, is call'd in queftion ? 
 My Prince may ftrike me dead, and I'll be dumb : 
 But whilfl: I live 1 muft not hold my tongue. 
 And languifh out old age in his difpleafure. 
 
 JU B A. 
 
 Thou know'ft the way too well into my heart, 
 I do beheve thee loyal to thy Prince. 
 
 ST P H AX. 
 
 What greater inftance can I give ? I've offer'd 
 To do an adion, which my foul abhors. 
 And gain you whom you love at any price. 
 
C A T 0. 3n 
 
 J U BA 
 Was this thy motive ? I have been too hafty. 
 
 S r P H A X. 
 
 And 'tis for this my Prince has called me traitor. 
 
 J U B A. 
 Sure thou miftakeft ; I did not call thee fb. 
 
 s r P H A X. 
 
 You did indeed, my Prince, you called me traitor : 
 Nay, further, threaten'd you'd complain to Cato. 
 Of what, my Prince, would you complain to Cato 7 
 That Syphax loves you, and would facrifice 
 His life, nay more, his honour in your fervice. 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 S'yphax, I know thou loveft me, but indeed 
 Thy zeal for Juba carried thee too far. 
 Honour's a facred tie, the law of Kings, 
 The noble mind's diftinguiihing perfedtion; 
 That aids and ftrengthcns virtue, where it meets her. 
 And imitates her adions, where {he is not: 
 It ought not to be fported with. 
 
 ST P HAX. 
 
 By Heavens 
 I'm ravilfh'd when you talk thus, tho'you chide me? 
 Alas, I've hitherto been ufed to think 
 
512 C A T 0. 
 
 A blind officious zeal to ferve my King 
 The ruling principle, that ought to burn 
 And quench all others in a fubjed^s heart. 
 Happy the people, who preferve their honotlf, 
 By the fame duties, that oblige their Prince f 
 
 J U BA 
 
 SyphaXy thou now begin'ft to fpeak thy felf, 
 Numtd'td'% grown a (corn among the nations 
 For breach of publick vows. Our Pnmck faith 
 Is infamous, and branded to a proverb. 
 Syphax^ we'll join our cares, to purge away 
 Our country's crimes, and clear her reputation. 
 
 s r P H A X. 
 
 Believe me. Prince, you make old S<yphax weep 
 
 To hear you talk but 'tis with tears of joy. 
 
 If e'er your father's crown adora your brows, 
 Numid'ia will be bleft by Cato's ledures. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Syphaxj thy hand! we'll mutually forget 
 The warmth of youth, and frowardnefs of age : 
 Thy Prince efteems thy worth, and loves thy perfbn. 
 If e'er the fcepter comes into my hand, 
 S'yphax fhall ftand the fecond in my kingdom. 
 
 s r P H A X. 
 
 Why will you overwhelm my age with kindnefs? 
 My joy grows burdenfome, I fhan't fupport it. 
 
 J UB A 
 
C A T 0. grg 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Syphax, farewell, Til hence, and try to find 
 Some bleft occafion that may fet me right 
 In Catd's thoughts. I'd rather have that man 
 Approve my deeds, than worlds for my admirers. 
 
 S r P H A X folus. 
 
 Young men loon give, and fbon forget affronts j 
 
 Old age is flow in both A falfe old traitor ! 
 
 Thofe words, rafli boy, may chance to coft thee dear. 
 My heart had ftill fome foolifli fondnefs for thee: 
 But hence ! 'tis gone : I give it to the winds : — — 
 Cafar^ I'm wholly thine — — 
 
 S C E N E VL 
 S Y P H AX, SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 S Y P H A X. 
 
 All hail, Sempromus / 
 Well, Cato's fenate is refolv'd to wait 
 The fury of a fiege, before it yields. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, 
 
 Syphax, we both were on the verge of fate: 
 Lucius declared for Peace, and terms were offer'd 
 To Cato by a meffenger from Cafar, 
 
 Vol. I. S f Should 
 
3,4 CAT 0. 
 
 Should they fubmit, e'er our defigns are ripe. 
 We both muft perifli in the common wreck, 
 Loft in a general undiftinguifh'd ruine. 
 
 s r P H A X, 
 
 But how ftands Cato 7 
 
 S E M P RO N I U S. 
 
 Thou haft feen mount Atlas : 
 While ftorms and tempefts thunder on its brows, 
 And oceans break their billows at its feet, 
 It ftands unmoved, and glories in its height. 
 Such is that haughty man ,• his towering foul, 
 'Midft all the ftiocks and injuries of fortune, 
 Rifes fuperior, and looks down on C^/ar. 
 
 s r P H A X. 
 
 But what's this Melfenger ? 
 
 S E MP RO NIUS, 
 
 I've pra6tis'd with him. 
 And found a means to let the vidor know 
 That Syphax and Sempron'im are his friends. 
 But let me now examine in my turn : 
 Is Juha fixt ? 
 
 S T P H A X, 
 
 Yes but it is to Cato. 
 
 I've try'd the force of every reafon on him, 
 Sooth d and carefs'd, been angry, footh'd again, 
 
 Laid 
 
C A T 0. 315 
 
 Laid fafety, ViiQi and intereft in his fight, 
 But all are vain, he fcorns them all for Cato^ 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Come, *tis no matter, we fliall do without him. 
 He'll make a pretty figure in a triumph. 
 And ferve to trip before the vidor's chariot. 
 SyphaXy I now may hope thou haft forfook 
 Thy Jtiba's caufe, and wiflieft Marcia mine. 
 
 s r P H A X. 
 
 May fhe be thine as faft as thou would'ft have her ! 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 SyphaXy I love that woman j though I curfe 
 Her and my felf, yet fpight of me, I love her. 
 
 s r p H ^ X. 
 
 Make Cato fure, and give up Uiica, 
 C<efar will ne'er refufe thee fuch a trifle. 
 But are thy troops prepared for a revolt ? 
 Does the fedition catch frorn man to man. 
 And run among their ranks? 
 
 SEMP RO NIUS. 
 
 All, all is ready, 
 The fadious leaders are our friends, that fprea d 
 Murmurs and difcontents among the foldiers. 
 They count their toilfome marches, long fatigues, 
 Unufual faftings, and will bear no more 
 
 S f 2 This 
 
3i6 
 
 c A r 0. 
 
 This medly of Philofophy and War. 
 
 Within an hour they'll ftorm the Senate-houfe* 
 
 S T P H A X. 
 
 Mean while I'll draw up my Numtdian troops 
 Within the fquare, to exercife their arms. 
 And, as I fee occafion, favour thee. 
 I laugh to think how your unfhaken Cato 
 Will look aghaft, while unforefeen deftrudion 
 Pours in upon him thus from every fide. 
 So, where our wide Numtdian waftes extend. 
 Sudden, th' impetuous hurricanes defcend. 
 Wheel through the air, in circling eddies play. 
 Tear up the fands, and fweep whole plains away. 
 The helplefs traveller, with wild furprize. 
 Sees the dry defart all around him rife. 
 And fmother'd in the dufty whirlwind dies. 
 
 ACT 
 
C A T 0. 
 
 V7 
 
 ACT III. SCENE I. . 
 
 MARCUS and FORTIUS. 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 THANKS to my ftars, I have not ranged about 
 The wilds of Hfe, e'er I could find a friend; 
 Nature firft pointed out my Port'ms to me. 
 And early taught me, by her fecret force. 
 To love thy perfbn, e'er I knew thy merit ,- 
 'Till, what was inftind:, grew up into friendfhip. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Marcus, the friendHiips of the world are oft 
 Confederacies in vice, or leagues of pleafurc j 
 Ours has fevered virtue for its bafis, 
 And fuch a friendfhip ends not but with life. 
 
 MAR C U S 
 
 Port'ms J thou know'ft my foul in all its wcaknefs. 
 Then pry'thee fpare me on its tender ftde. 
 Indulge me but in love, my other paffions 
 Shall rife and fall by virtue's niceft rules. 
 
 FORTIUS 
 When love's well-timed, 'tis not a fault to love. 
 
 The 
 
5i8 CAT o: 
 
 The fti'ong, the brave, the virtuous, and the wife, 
 Sink in the foft captivity together. 
 I would not urge thee to difmifs thy paffion, 
 (I know 'twere vain) but to fupprefs its force, 
 'Till better times may make it look more graceful. 
 
 MARCUS. 
 
 Alas; thou talk'ft like one who never felt 
 Th' impatient throbbs and longings of a foul. 
 That pants, and reaches after diftant good. 
 A lover does not hve by vulgar time : 
 Believe me, Portms, in my Lucia's abfence 
 Life hangs upon me, and becomes a burden j 
 And yet, when I behold the charming maid, 
 I'm ten times more undone j while hope and fear. 
 And grief, and rage, and love, rife up at once. 
 And with variety of pain diftrad me. 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 What can thy Portms do to give thee help? [ 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 Fortius y thou oft enjoy'ft the fair one's prefence : 
 Then undertake my caufe, and plead it to her 
 With all the ftrength and heats of eloquence 
 Fraternal love and friendfliip can infpire. 
 Tell her thy brother languidies to death. 
 And fades away, and withers in his bloom ; 
 That he forgets his fleep, and loaths his food. 
 That youth, and health, and war are joylels to him : 
 
 Defcribe 
 
C A T 0. 519 
 
 Defcribe his anxious days, and reftlefs nights. 
 And all the torments that thou feeft me fufFer. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Mar cm ^ I beg thee give me not an office, 
 That fuits with me To ill. Thou know'ft: my temper. 
 
 MAR C U S. 
 
 Wilt thou behold me finking in my woes? 
 And wilt thou not reach out a friendly arm. 
 To raife me from amidft this plunge of forrows ? 
 
 P RT I U S. 
 
 Marcus, thou canft not ask what I'd refufe. 
 But here believe me I've a thoufand reafons — - 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 I know thou'lt fay my pafTion's out of feafon. 
 That Cato's great example and misfortunes 
 Should both confpire to drive it from my thoughts. 
 But what's all this to one who loves like me ! 
 Oh Fortius J Fortius j from my foul I wi(h 
 Thou didft but know thy felf what 'tis to lovef 
 Then wouldft thou pity and afTift thy brother. 
 
 FORTIUS 
 
 What fliould I do! if I difclofe my paflion " 
 
 Our fricndihip's at an end : if I conceal ir, 
 The world will call me falfe to a friend and brother. [AJ/de. 
 
 MARCUS. 
 
320 
 
 C A T 0. 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 But fee where Luc'tay at her wonted hour, 
 Amid the cool of yon high marble arch. 
 Enjoys the noon-day breeze! obferve her, j^ortlus / 
 That face, that fliape, thofe eyes, that Heaven of beauty! 
 Obferve her well, and blame me if thou can'ft. 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 She f^Qts us, and advances * — 
 
 MA Reus, 
 
 I'll withdraw. 
 And leave you for a while. Remember, Fortius, 
 Thy brother's life depends upon thy tongue. 
 
 SCENE 11. 
 LUCIA, FORTIUS. 
 
 LUCIA, 
 
 Did not I fee your brother Marcus here? 
 Why did he fly the place, and ihun my prefence ? 
 
 FORTIUS 
 
 Oh, Lucia, language is too faint to fhow 
 His rage of love j it preys upon his life ,• 
 He pines, he fickens, he de/pairs, he dies : 
 
 His 
 
C A T 0. 321 
 
 His paffions and his virtues lie confufed. 
 
 And mixt together in fo wild a tumult, 
 
 That the whole man is quite disfigur'd in him." 
 
 Heavens! would one think 'twere poflible for love 
 
 To make fuch ravage in a noble (bul ! 
 
 Oh, Luc'my I'm diftreft! my heart bleeds for him; 
 
 Even now, while thus I ftand bled in thy prefence, 
 
 A fecret damp of grief comes o'er my thoughts, 
 
 And I'm unhappy, tho' thou fmileft upon me. 
 
 LUCIA, 
 
 How wilt thou guard thy honour, in the fliock 
 Of love and friendfhip! think betimes, m^ Port'ms, 
 Think how the nuptial tie, that might enfure 
 Our mutual blifs, would raife to fuch a height 
 Thy brother's griefs, as might perhaps deftroy him. 
 
 P R T I U S. 
 
 Alas, poor youth! what doft thou think, my Lucia? 
 His generous, open, undefigning heart 
 Has beg'd his rival to foUicit for him. 
 Then do not ftrike him dead with a denial, 
 But hold him up in life, and cheer his foul 
 With the faint glimmering of a doubtful hope : 
 Perhaps, when we have pafs'd thefe gloomy hours. 
 And weather'd out the ftorm that beats upon us 
 
 LUCIA 
 
 No, Fortius J no ! I fee thy fifter's tears, 
 Vol. I. T t . Thy 
 
322 CAT 0. 
 
 Thy father's anguifh, and thy brother's death. 
 In the purfuit of our ill-fated loves. 
 And, Port'msy here I fwear, to Heaven I fwear, 
 To Heaven, and all the powers that judge mankind. 
 Never to mix my plighted hands with thine, 
 While fuch a cloud of mifchiefs hangs about us. 
 But to forcet our loves, and drive thee out 
 From all my thoughts, as far as I am able. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 What haft thou faid! I'm thunder-ftruck ! recall 
 
 Thofe hafty words, or I am loft for ever. 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Has n ot the Vow already pafs'd my lips ? 
 The Gods have heard it, and 'tis feal'd in Heaven. 
 May all the vengeance that was ever pour'd 
 On perjur'd heads, o'erwhelm me, if I break it! 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Fixt in aftonifliment, I gaze upon thee ,- 
 Like one juft blafted by a ftroke from Heaven, 
 Who pants for breath, and ftiffens, yet alive-. 
 In dreadful looks : a monument of wrath ! 
 
 L U C I d. 
 
 At length I've aded my fevereft part, 
 I feel the woman breaking in upon me. 
 And melt about my heart ! my tears will flow. 
 
 But 
 
C A T 0. 323 
 
 But oh I'll think no more I the hand of fate 
 Has torn thee from me, and I mud forget thee. 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 Hard-hearted, cruel maid! 
 
 L UCIA 
 
 Oh flop thofe founds, 
 Thofe killing founds.' why dofl: thou frown upon me? 
 My blood runs cold, my heart forgets to heave. 
 And life it fclf goes out at thy difpleafure. 
 The Gods forbid us to indulge our loves. 
 But oh! I cannot bear thy hate, and live! 
 
 FORTIUS'. 
 
 Talk not of love, thou never knew'ft its force. 
 I've been deluded, led into a dream 
 Of fancied blifs. Oh Luday cruel maid ! 
 Thy dreadful Vow, loaden with death, ftill founds 
 In my ftunn'd ears. What (hall I fay or do ? 
 Quick, let us part I perdition's in thy prefencc, 
 
 And horror dwells about thee! hah, fhe faints! 
 
 Wretch that I am! what has my raflinefs done! 
 Lucia J thou injur'd innocence! thou bed 
 And lovelieft of thy fex! awake, my Luc'iay 
 Or Forttns ruAies on his fword to join thee. 
 
 -Her imprecations reach not to the tomb. 
 
 They (hut not out fociety in death 
 
 But hah! flie moves! life wanders up and down 
 Through all her face, and lights up every charm. 
 
 T t 2 LUCIA. 
 
3^4 
 
 C A T 0, 
 
 L U C I A.. 
 
 Oh Port'tus, was this well ! to frown on her 
 
 That lives upon thy fmiles ! to call in doubt 
 
 The faith of one expiring at thy feet, 
 
 That loves thee more than ever woman lov'd ? 
 
 What do I fay? my half-recover'd fenfe 
 
 Forgets the Vow in which my foul is bound. 
 Deftrudion ftands betwixt us! we muft part. 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 Name not the word, my frighted thoughts run back. 
 And ftartle into madnels at the found. 
 
 L U C 1 A, 
 
 What would'ft thou have me do? confider well 
 The train of ills our love would draw behind it. 
 Think, Fortius^ think, thou feed thy dying brother 
 Stabb'd at his heart, and all befmear'd with blood, 
 Storming at heaven and thee! thy awful Sire 
 Sternly demands the caufe, th'accurfed caufe. 
 That robs him of his fbn! poor Marcm trembles, 
 Then tears her hair, and frantick in her griefs 
 Calls out on Lucia f what could Lucia anfwer^ 
 Or how ftand up in fuch a fcene of forrow \ 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 To my confufion, and eternal grief, 
 I mufl: approve the fentence that deftroys me. 
 The mift that hung about my mind, clears up ,• 
 
 And 
 
C A T 0. 32y 
 
 And now, athwart the terrors that thy Vow 
 Has planted round thee, thou appear'ft more fair, 
 More amiable, and rifeft in thy charms. 
 Loveheft of women ! Heaven is in thy foul, 
 Beauty and virtue fhine for ever round thee, 
 Bright'ning each other ! thou art all divine ! 
 
 L U C I A 
 
 Portmsy no more! thy words ihoot through my heart, 
 Melt my refolves, and turn me all to love. 
 Why are thofe tears of fondnefs in thy eyes ? 
 Why heaves thy heart? why fwells thy foul with fbrrow? 
 
 It foftens me too mutch farewel, my Fortius, 
 
 Farewel, though death is in the word, For-ever ! 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 Stay, Luciay Hay \ what doft thou fay ? For-evcr ? 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Have T not fworn ? if. Fortius, thy fuccefs 
 Muft throw thy brother on his fate, farewell, 
 Oh, how ihall I repeat the word ! For-ever ! 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 Thus o'er the dying lamp th'unftcady flame 
 Hangs quivering on a point, leaps off by fits. 
 And falls again, as loth to quit its hold. 
 
 Thou muft not go, my foul ftill hovers o'er thee. 
 
 And can't get loofe, 
 
 LUCI A 
 
326 CAT 0. 
 
 L u c I A 
 
 If the firm Portius fliake 
 To hear of parting, think what Lucia fufFers! 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 'Tis true ; unruffled and ferene I've met 
 The common accidents of life, but here 
 Such an unlook'd-for ftorm of ills falls on me. 
 It beats down all my ftrength. I cannot bear it. 
 We muft not part. 
 
 LUCIA 
 
 What doft thou fay ? not part ? 
 Haft thou forgot the Vow that I have made ? 
 Are there not heavens, and gods, and thunder, o'er us! 
 
 But fee! thy brother Marcus bends this way! 
 
 I ficken at the fight. Once more, farewell. 
 
 Farewell, and know thou wrong'ft me, if thou think'ft 
 
 Ever was love, or ever grief, like mine. 
 
 SCENE III. 
 MARCUS, PORTIUS. 
 
 MAR CU S. 
 
 Portmsy what hopes? how ftands (lie? am I doom'd 
 To life or death ? 
 
 FOR TIUS, 
 
C A 7 0. 327 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 What would'ft thou have me fay? 
 
 MARCUS, 
 
 What means this penfive pofture ? thou appear'ft 
 Like one amazed and terrified. 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 I've reafbn. 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 Thy down-caft looks, and thy diforder'd thoughts 
 Tell me my fate. I ask not the fuccefs 
 My caufe has found. 
 
 FORTIUS 
 
 I'm griev'd I undertook it. 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 What ? does the barbarous maid infult my heart, 
 My aking heart! and triumph in my pains? 
 That I could caft her from my thoughts for*ever! 
 
 FORTIUS 
 
 Away ! you're too fufpicious in your griefs ; 
 L»cia, through fworn never to think of love, 
 Compaflionates your pains, and pities you. 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 Compaflionates my pains, and pities me ! 
 
328 CAT 0. 
 
 What is companion when 'tis void of love ! 
 Fool that I was to chnfe (o cold a friend 
 To urge my caufe ! CompafTionates my pains! 
 Pr'ythee what art, what rhctorick did'fl: thou ufe 
 To gain this mighty boon? She pities me! 
 To one that asks the warm return of love, 
 Corapaflion's cruelty, 'tis fcorn, 'tis death 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 Ma} cusy no more ! have I deferv'd this treatment ? * 
 
 MAR C U S. 
 
 What have I faid ! O Fortius^ O forgive me ! 
 A foul exafperated in ills falls out 
 
 With every thing, its friend, its felf but hah! 
 
 What means that fliout, big with the founds of war? 
 What new alarm? 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 A iecond, louder yet, 
 Swells in the winds, and comes more full upon us. 
 
 MA Reus. 
 
 Oh, for (bme glorious caufe to fall in battel ! 
 Lucia, thou hafl: undone me! thy difdain 
 Has broke my heart : 'tis death muft give me eafe; 
 
 FORTIUS 
 
 Quick, let us hence j who knows if Cato's life 
 Stand fure? O Marcus, I am warm'd, my heart 
 Leaps at the trumpet's voice, and burns for glory. 
 
 SCENE 
 
c A r 0, 529 
 
 S C E N E IV. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS ^ith the leaders of the 
 
 mutiny, 
 
 SEMP R NIUS. 
 
 At length the winds are rais'd, the ftorm blows high,' 
 Be it your care, my friends, to keep it up 
 In its full fury, and dire(5t it right, 
 'Till it has fpent it felf on Cato's head. 
 Mean while I'll herd among his friends, and fceni 
 One of the number, that what-e'er arrive, 
 My friends and fellow-foldiers may be fafe. 
 
 I LEADER. 
 
 We all are fafe, Sempronm is our friend, 
 Sempronm is as brave a man as Cato, 
 But heark ! he enters. Bear up boldly to him; 
 Be fure you beat him down, and bind him fall. 
 This day will end our toils, and give us reftf 
 Fear nothing, for Sempronm is our friend. 
 
 Vou L Uu SCENE 
 
330 CAT 0, 
 
 S C E N E V. 
 
 CATO, SEMPRONIUS, LUCIUS, 
 PORTIUS, MARCUS, &c. 
 
 CATO, 
 
 Where are thele bold intrepid fbns of war. 
 That greatly turn their backs upon the foe. 
 And to their General fend a brave defiance > 
 
 S E M P R N I U ^. 
 
 Curfe on their daftard fouls, they ftand aftonifh'd! [AJidc, 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Perfidious men ! and will you thus difhonour 
 Your paft exploits, and fially all your wars ? 
 Do you confefs 'twas not a zeal for Rome, 
 Nor love of liberty, nor thirft of honour. 
 Drew you thus far j but. hopes to fhare the fpoil 
 Of conquer'd towns, and plunder'd provinces ? 
 Fired with fuch motives you do well to join 
 With Cato^s foes, and follow Ca fur's banners. 
 Why did I Tcape th'invenom'd Afpic's rage. 
 And all the fiery monfters of the defart. 
 To fee this day ? why could not Cato fall 
 Without your guilt ? behold, ungrateful meny 
 Behold my bofom naked to your fwords,. 
 
 And 
 
C A T 0. 331 
 
 And kt the man that's injured flrike the blow. 
 Which of you all fufpeifts that he is wrong'd, 
 Or thinks he fufFers greater ills than Cato ? 
 Am I diftinguifli'd from you but by toils, 
 Superior toils, and heavier weight of cares f 
 Painful pre-eminence! 
 
 S E MP RO N I U S. 
 
 By heavens they droop ! 
 Confufion to the villains! all is lofl:. [/Iftde. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Have you forgotten Libya's burning wafl:e, 
 Its barren rocks, parch'd earth, and hills of fand, 
 Its tainted air, and all its broods of poifon ? 
 Who was the fir ft to explore th' untrodden path, 
 When life was hazarded in every ftep ? 
 Or, fainting in the long laborious march. 
 When on the banks of an unlook'd-for ftream 
 You funk the river with repeated draughts, 
 Who was the laft in all your hoft that thirfted ? 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 If fome penurious fource by chance appear'd, 
 Scanty of waters, when you fcoop'd it dry, 
 And offer'd the full helmet up to CatOy 
 Did he not dafh th'untafted moifture from him? 
 Did not he lead you through the mid-day Sun, 
 And clouds of duft ? did not his temples glow 
 In the fame fultry winds, and fcorching heats i 
 
 U u 2 CA TO. 
 
332 CAT 0. 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Henccj worthlefs men ! hence ! and complain to defar 
 You could not undergo the toils of war, 
 Nor bear the hardlhips that your leader bore. 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
 See, CatOj fee, th' unhappy men f they weep! 
 Fear, and remorfe, and forrow for their crime. 
 Appear in every look, and plead for mercy. 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 Learn to be honeft men, give up your leaders. 
 And pardon fliall defcend on all the reft. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Cato, commit thefe wretches to my care. 
 Firft let 'em each be broken on the rack. 
 Then, with what life remains, impaled and left 
 To writhe at leafure round the bloody ftake. 
 There let 'em hang, and taint the fouthern wind. 
 The partners of their crime will learn obedience,. 
 When they look up and fee their fellow-traitors 
 Stuck on a fork, and blackening in the Sun. 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
 Sempron'ws^ why, why wilt thou urge the fate 
 Of wretched men : 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, 
 
 How! would'ft thou clear rebellion! 
 
C A T 0. 333 
 
 Lucius (good man) pities the poor offenders. 
 That would imbrue their hands in Cato's blood. 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Forbear, Sempron'im / fee they fuffer death. 
 
 But in their deaths remember they are Men. 
 Strain not the laws to make their tortures grievous. 
 Luc'mSj the bafe degenerate age requires 
 Severity, and juftice in its rigour ; 
 This awes an impious, bold, offending world. 
 Commands obedience, and gives force to laws. 
 When by juft vengeance guilty mortals perifh, 
 The Gods behold their punifhment with pleafure. 
 And lay th' uplifted thunder-bolt afide. 
 
 S E MP R NIUS. 
 
 CatOy I execute thy will with pleafure. 
 
 C A T 0. 
 
 Mean-while we'll facrifice to Liberty. 
 Remember, O my friends, the laws, the rights. 
 The generous plan of power deliver'd down, 
 From age to age, by your renown'd Fore-fathers, 
 (So dearly bought, the price of fo much blood) 
 O let it never peridi in your hands ! 
 But pioufly tranlmic it to your children. 
 Do thou, great Liberty, infpire our fouls. 
 And make our lives in thy poff ffion happy, 
 Or our deaths glorious in thy juft defence. 
 
 SCENE 
 
334 CAT 0. 
 
 SCENE VI. 
 
 SEMPRONIUvS and the leaders of the mutiny. 
 
 I LEADER, 
 
 Sempromus^ you have aded like your felf, 
 One would have thought you had been half in earneft. 
 
 S EMP RO N lUS, 
 
 Villain, (land off! bafe groveling vvorthlefs wretches, 
 Mongrils in fadion, poor faint-hearted traitors? 
 
 z LEADER, 
 
 Nay, now you carry it too far, Sempron'ms: 
 Throw off the mask, there are none here but friends. 
 
 SEMP RONIUS. 
 
 Know, villains, when fuch paltry flaves prefume 
 To mix in trealbn, if the plot fucceeds. 
 They're thrown negleded by : but if it fails, 
 They're fure to die like dogs, as you (hall do. 
 Here, take thefe fadious monfters, drag 'em forth 
 To fudden death. 
 
 Enter Guards. 
 
 1 L E A D E R. 
 
 Nay, fince it comes to this 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Difpatch 'em quick, but firft pluck out their tongues. 
 Left with their dying breath they fow fedition. 
 
C A 7 0. 
 
 SCENE VII. 
 S Y P H AX «W S E M P R O N I U S. 
 
 S TP HA X. 
 
 Our firft defign, my friend, has prov'd abortive j 
 Still there remains an after-game to play ; 
 My troops are mounted ; their Num'idian deeds 
 SnufF up the wind, and long to fcour the defart : 
 Let but Sempromus head us in our flight. 
 We'll force the gate where Marcus keeps his guard^ 
 And hew down all that would oppofe our paflage. 
 A day will bring us into Cdfar's camp. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Confufion ! I have fail'd of half my pHrpofe : 
 Mama, the charming Alarctcfs left behind ! 
 
 S r P HA X. 
 
 How? will Sempromus turn a woman's flavc! 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 Think not thy friend can ever feel the fbft 
 Unmanly warmth, and tendernefs of love. 
 Syphdx^ I long to clafp that haughty maid, 
 And bend her ftubborn virtue to my paflion : 
 When I have gone thus far, I'd caft her off. 
 
 33y 
 
 STP HA x: 
 
336 C A T 0. 
 
 S r P HAX. 
 
 Well faid ! that's fpoken like thy fclf, Sempromus, 
 What hinders then, but that thou find her out, 
 And hurry her away by manly force ? 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 But how to gain admiflion ? for accefs 
 Is given to none but Juba, and her brothers. 
 
 S T P H AX, 
 
 Thou (halt have Juba's drefs, and Juba's guards; 
 The doors will open, when Nitmidm^^ Prince 
 Seems to appear before the (laves that watch them. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, 
 
 Heavens what a thought is there ! Marc'ta's my own ! 
 How will my bofbm fwell with anxious joy. 
 When I behold her ftruggling in my arms, 
 With glowing beauty, and diforder'd charms. 
 While fear and anger, with alternate grace. 
 Pant in her breaft, and vary in her face ! 
 So Pluto, feiz'd of Proferp'tne, convey'd 
 To hell's tremendous gloom th' affrighted maid. 
 There grimly fmil'd, pleas'd with the beauteous prize, 
 Nor envy'd Jove his fun-fhine and his skies. 
 
 ACT 
 
CA 7 0. 
 
 337 
 
 A C T IV. SCENE!. 
 
 LUCIA rtW M A R C I A. 
 
 L U C I A. 
 
 No W tell me, Marc'ia^ tell me from thy foul, 
 If thou believ'ft 'tis pofTible for woman 
 To fuffer greater ills than Lucia fuffers ? 
 
 MARCIA, 
 
 Luda, Luciay might my big-Avoln heart 
 Vent all its griefs, and give a loofe to forrow : 
 Mania could anfwer thee in fighs, keep pace 
 With all thy woes, and count out tear for tear. 
 
 L U C I A, 
 
 1 know thou'rt doom'd alike, to be belov'd 
 By Jubay and thy father's friend Sempronim ,• 
 
 But which of thefe has power to charm like Port'ms/ 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 Still muft I beg thee not to name Sempromus? 
 Luc'ta^ I like not that loud boillerous man ; 
 'Jnha to all the bravery of a Heroe 
 Adds fofteft: love, and more than female fweetnefs : 
 
 Vol. I. Xx "Juha 
 
338 
 
 C A T 0. 
 
 Jiiha might make the proudeft of our fex. 
 Any of woman-kind, but Marciay happy. 
 
 LUC I A, 
 
 Afid why not Marcta 7 come, you drive in vain 
 To hide your thoughts from one, who knows too well 
 The inward glowings of a heart in love. 
 
 M ARC I A, 
 
 While Cato lives, his daughter has no right 
 To love or hate, but as his choice direds. 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 But fliould this father give you to Sempromus 7 
 
 M ARC I A, 
 
 I dare not think he will : but if he {hould — » 
 Why wilt thou add to all the griefs I fuffer 
 Imaginary ills, and fancy'd tortures ? 
 I hear the found of feet ! they march this way ! 
 Let us retire, and try if we can drown 
 Each fofter thought in fenfe of prefent danger. 
 When love once pleads admillion to our hearts 
 (In fpight of all the virtue we can boaft) 
 The woman that deliberates is loft. 
 
 \ 
 
 SCENE 
 
C A T 0. 539 
 
 SCENE II. 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, drefs''dlike]\3'Qk, with 
 
 Nutnidian mards. 
 
 o 
 
 S E MP R NIUS. 
 
 The Deer is lodg'd. I've track'd her to her covert. 
 'Be fure you mind the Word, and when I give ir, 
 RuQi in at once, and feize upon your prey. 
 Let not her cries or tears have force to move you. 
 
 How will the young Num'idian rave, to fee 
 
 His miftrefs loft ? if aught could glad my foul, 
 Beyond th' enjoyment of {b bright a prize, 
 'Twould be to torture that young gay Barbarian. 
 
 But heark, what noile! death to my hopes! 'tis he; 
 
 'Tis Juhas felf ! there is but one way left 
 
 He muft be murder'd, and a palTage cut 
 
 Through thofe his guards. -— Hah, daftards, do you tremble f 
 
 Or ad like men, or by yon' azure Heaven — - 
 
 Enter J U B A. 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 What do I fee ? who's this that dares u(urp 
 The guards and habit of Num'td'ta's Prince ? 
 
 SEMPRONIUS. 
 
 One that was born to fcourge thy arrogance, 
 Prefumptuous youth.' 
 
 Xx 2 JUB A. 
 
340 C A T 0. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 what can thisniean ? Sempromus / 
 
 SEMPRONIUS, 
 
 My fword fliall anfwer thee. Have at thy heart. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Nay, then beware thy own, proud, barbarous manf 
 
 [Semp. falls. His guards furrenden 
 
 SEMP R NJUS. 
 
 Curfe on my ftars ! am I then doom'd to fall 
 By a boy's hand? disfigur'd in a vile 
 Num'id'ian drefs, and for a worthlefs woman ? 
 Gods, I'm diftraded! this my clofe of Ufe! 
 O for a peal of thunder that would make 
 Earth, fea, and air, and Heaven, and Cato tremble ! [D/fr. 
 
 J V BA. 
 
 With what a fpring his furious foul broke loofe, 
 And left the limbs ftill quivering on the ground! 
 Hence let us carry off thofe flaves to Cato, 
 That we may there at length unravel all 
 This dark defign, this myftery of fate. 
 
 SCENE 
 
C A TO. 541 
 
 SCENE III. 
 
 LUCIA and M A R C I A. 
 
 L U C I A. 
 
 Sure 'twas the clafli of fwords j my troubled heart 
 Is fb caft down, and funk amidft its fbrrows. 
 It throbs with fear, and akes at every found. 
 
 Mania J fhould thy brothers for my fake ! — — 
 
 1 die away with horror at the thought. 
 
 M A R C I A: 
 
 See, Lucia, feel here's blood! here's blood and murder! 
 Hah ! a Numidian! Heavens preferve the Prince: 
 The face lies muffled up within the garment. 
 But hah! death to my fight! a diadem, 
 And purple robes ! O Gods ! 'tis he, 'tis he I 
 'Juba^ the loveliefl youth that ever warm'd 
 A Virgin's heart, Juha lies dead before us! 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Now, Mania, now call up to thy afli (lance 
 Thy wonted ftrength, and conftancy of mind; 
 Thou can'll not put it to a greater tryaL 
 
 MA R C I A. 
 
 Lucia, look there, and wonder at my patience. 
 
 Have 
 
542 C A T 0. 
 
 Have I not caufe to rave, and beat my bread, 
 To rend my heart with grief, and run diftradedf 
 
 L U C I A. 
 
 What can I think or fay^ to give thee comfort ? 
 
 MAR CIA, 
 
 Talk not of comfort, 'tis for hghter ills : 
 Behold a fight, that fti'ikes all comfort dead. 
 
 Enter J U B A lifin'mg. 
 
 I will indulge my forrows, and give way 
 To all the pangs and fury of defpair. 
 That man, that beft of men, deferv'd it from me. 
 
 J UB A. 
 
 What do I hear ? and was the falfe Sfempron'ms 
 That beft of men ? O had I fallen like him, 
 And could have thus been mourn'd, I had been happy! 
 
 LUCIA, 
 
 Here will I ftand, -companion in thy woes. 
 And help thee with my tears ; when I behold 
 A lofs hke thine, I half forget my own. 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 'Tis not in fate to eafe my tortur'd breaft. 
 This empty world, to me a joylefs defart. 
 Has nothing left to make poor Mar eta happy. 
 
 J UB A. 
 
C A T 0, 343 
 
 J U B A. 
 I'm on the rack! was he fo near her heart? 
 
 MARGIN. 
 
 Oh he was all made up of love and charms,. 
 Whatever maid could wifh, or man admire: 
 Delight of every eye ! when he appear'd, 
 A fecret pleafure gladned all that faw him ,• 
 But when he talk'd, the proudeft Roman blufh'd 
 To hear his virtues, and old age grew wife. 
 
 J U B J, 
 
 I {hall run mad — - 
 
 M A RC I A. 
 
 O Juba / Juha / Juba / 
 
 J U B A. 
 What means that voice ? did fhe not call on Juba ? 
 
 MAR CIA. 
 
 Why do I think on what he was ! he's dead f 
 He's dead, and never knew how much I lov'd him. 
 Lucia, who knows but his poor bleeding heart, 
 Amidft its agonies, remember'd Maraa, 
 And the laft words he utter'd call'd me Cruel f 
 Alas, he knew not, haplefs youth, he knew not 
 Mania's whole foul was full of love and Juba, 
 
 JUBA 
 
344 CAT 0. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 Where am I! do I live! or am indeed 
 \Vhat Mania thinks! all is El'tfium round mef 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 Ye dear remains of the mod lov'd of men ! 
 Nor modefty nor virtue here forbid 
 A laft embrace, while thus 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 See, Marc'ta^ lee, \Throw'mg h'lmfelf before her^ 
 
 The happy Juha lives ! he lives to catch 
 That dear embrace, and to return it too 
 With mutual warmth and eagernefs of love. 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 With pleafure and amaze, I ftand tranfported ! 
 Sure 'tis a dream! dead and alive at once! ^ 
 
 If thou art Jubay who lies there ? 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 A wretch 
 Difguifed like Juba on a curs'd defign. 
 The tale is long, nor have I heard it out. 
 Thy father knows it all. I could not bear 
 To leave thee in the neighbourhood of death, 
 But flew, in all the hafte of love, to find thee, 
 I found thee weeping, and confefs this once. 
 Am raDt with joy to fee my Manias tears. 
 
 MAR CIA 
 
C A T 0. 
 
 MAR C I A. 
 
 345 
 
 I've been furprized in an unguarded hour, 
 But muft not now go back ; the love, that lay- 
 Half fmother'd in my breaft, has broke through all 
 Its weak reftraints, and burns in its full luftre, 
 I cannot, if I would, conceal it from thee. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 I'm loft in ecftafie f and doft thou love, 
 Thou charming maid? 
 
 M A R C I A, 
 
 And doft thou live to ask it ? 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 This, this is life indeed ! life worth preferving, 
 Such life as Juba never felt 'till now ! 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 Believe me, Prince, before I thought thee dead, 
 I did not know my felf how much I lov'd thee. 
 
 JUBA. 
 
 O fortunate miftake! 
 
 M A R C I A, 
 
 O happy Mania/ 
 
 Vol. I. Y y JUBA* 
 
346 C A 7 0. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 My joy I my beft beloved ! my only wifli ! 
 How fliall I fpeak the tranfport of my foul! 
 
 M ARC I A, 
 
 Luciay thy arm ! Oh let me reft upon it f — - 
 The vital blood, that had forfook my heart, 
 Returns again in fuch tumultuous tides. 
 It quite o'ercomes me. Lead to my apartment. • 
 O Prince! I blufh to think what I have faid. 
 But fate has wrefted the confefTion from me ; 
 Go on, and profper in the paths of honour. 
 Thy virtue will excufe my pafTion for thee. 
 And make the gods propitious to our love. 
 
 JU B A. 
 
 I am fb bleft, I fear 'tis all a dream. 
 Fortune thou now haft made amends for all 
 Thy paft unkindnefs. I abfolve my ftars. 
 What though Num'td'ta add her conquer'd towns 
 And provinces to fwell the victor's triumph! 
 Jtiha will never at his fate repine j 
 Let C<efar have the world, if Marcia's mine. 
 
 
 SCENE 
 
C A f 0. 347 
 
 SCENE IV. 
 
 A March at a Dijlance. 
 
 C A T O and LUCIUS. 
 
 LUCIUS. 
 
 I (land aftoniHit ! what, the bold Sempromm / 
 That ftill broke foremoft through the crowd of Patriots, 
 As with a hurricane of zeal tran (ported. 
 And virtuous ev'n to madnefs— —- 
 
 CATO, 
 
 Truft me, Lucius, 
 Our civil difcords have produced fuch crimes. 
 Such monftrous crimes, I am furprized at nothing. 
 
 O Luc'ms, I am fick of this bad world ! 
 
 The day-light and the Sun grow painful to me. 
 
 Enter FORTIUS. 
 
 But fee where Fortius comes ! what means this hade ? 
 Why are thy looks thus changed ? 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 My heart is griev'd. 
 I bring fuch news as will afflidt my father, 
 
 Yy 1 C ATO. 
 
348 C A T 0. 
 
 , c A r 0, 
 
 Has Cafar fhed more Roman blood? 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Not fo. 
 The traitor Syphax, as within the fc[uare ' 
 
 He exercifed his troops, the fignal given. 
 Flew off at once with his Num'idtan horfe 
 To the fouth gate, where Marcus holds the watch. 
 I faw, and call'd to flop him, but in vain. 
 He toft his arm aloft, and proudly told me. 
 He would not ftay and perifh like Sempronmi 
 
 CATO, 
 
 Perfidious menf but hafte my Ton, and J(ee. 
 Thy brother Marcus adts a Roman's part. 
 
 Luc'ms, the torrent bears too hard upon me: 
 
 Jiiftice gives way to force: the conquer'd world: 
 Is defafs : Cato has no bufinefs in it. 
 
 LUC I US. 
 
 While pride, oppreffion, and injuftice reign, 
 The world will ftill demand her Cato's prelepce. 
 In pity to mankind, fubmit to Cafar^ 
 And reconcile thy mighty Ibul to life. 
 
 CATO, 
 
 Would Lucius have me live to fweli the number 
 Of Cafar^ flaves, or by a bafe fubmiffion 
 
 Give 
 
C A T 0. 549 
 
 Give up the caufe of Rome:, and own a tyrant ? 
 
 LUCIUS. 
 
 The vidor never will impofe on Cato 
 Ungen'rous terms. His enemies confefs 
 The virtues of humanity are C^efar's. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Curfe on his virtues! they've undone his country. 
 
 Such popular humanity is treafbn 
 
 But fee young Juha! the good youth appears 
 Full of the guilt of his perfidious fubjeds. 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
 Alas, poor Prince! his fate deferves compaflion; 
 
 Enter J U B A. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 I bluHi, and am confounded to appear 
 Before thy prefence, Cato. 
 
 What's thy crime? 
 
 I'm a Num'id'tan. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 CATO. 
 
 And a brave one too: 
 Thou haft a Roman foul. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
350 C A T 0. 
 
 y u B J, 
 
 Hafl: tliou not heard 
 Of my falfe countrymen ? 
 
 C ATO. 
 
 Alas, young Prince, 
 Falfliood and fraud flioot up in every foil. 
 The product of all climes- — Rome has its C<efars, 
 
 J U B A 
 *Tis gen'rous thus to comfort the diftreft. 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 'Tis jufl: to give applaufe where 'tis deferv'd -, 
 Thy virtue, Prince, has flood the teft of fortune, 
 Like pureft gold, that, tortur'd in the furnace. 
 Comes out more bright, and brings forth all its weight. 
 
 J U B A 
 
 What fhall 1 anfwer thee? my ravifh'd heart 
 O'erflows with fecret joy : I'd rather gain 
 Thy praife, O Cato^ than Num'idm'% empire. 
 
 Re-enter P O R T I U S. 
 P R T I U S. 
 
 Misfortune on misfortune ! grief on grief! 
 My brother Marcus — 
 
 C AtO. 
 
C A T 0, 351 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 Hah ! what has he done ? 
 Has he forfook his poft > has he given way ? 
 Did he look tamely on, and let 'em pafs ? 
 
 FORTIUS, 
 
 Scarce had I left my father, but I met him 
 Borne on the fhields of his fiirviving fbldiers, 
 Breathless and pale, and cover'd o'er with wounds. 
 Long, at the head of his few faithful friends, 
 He ftood the fhock of a whole hod of foes. 
 'Till obftinately brave, and bent on death, 
 Oppreft with multitudes, he greatly fell. 
 
 c A r 0. 
 
 I'm fatisfy'd. 
 
 p R r I U S. 
 
 Nor did he fall before 
 His fword had pierc' d through the falfe heart of SyphaXj 
 Yonder he lies. I faw the hoary traytor 
 Grin in the pangs of death, and bite the ground. 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Thanks to the Gods! my boy has done his duty. 
 - — PortiHSy when I am dead, befure thou place 
 His urne near mine. 
 
 Fortius: 
 
 Long may they keep afunder.' 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
352 CAT 0. 
 
 L u c lu s, 
 
 O CatOj arm thy foul with all its patience; 
 See where the corps of thy dead Ton approaches! 
 The citizens and fenators, alarm'd, 
 Have gather'd round it, and attend it weeping. 
 
 C A T O meeting the corps. 
 
 Welcome my Ton ! here lay him down, my friends. 
 Full in my fight, that I may view at leifure 
 The bloody coarfe, and count thofe glorious wounds. 
 
 How beautiful is death, when earn'd by virtue ! 
 
 Who would not be that youth! what pity is it 
 That we can die but once to ferve our country! 
 
 Why fits this fadnefs on your brows, my friends ? 
 
 1 fhould have blufli'd if Catd?, houfe had ftood 
 Secure, and flourifli'd in a civil war. 
 
 Portm, behold thy brother, and remember ' 
 
 Thy life is not thy own, when Rome demands it. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
 Was ever man like this ! \/^fide. 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 Alas my friends! 
 Why mourn you thus ? let not a private lofs 
 Affli(5t your hearts. 'Tis Rome requires our tears. 
 The miftrefs of the world, the feat of 'empire. 
 The nurfe of heroes, the delight of gods, 
 
 A That 
 
C A 7 0, 353 
 
 That humbled the proud tyrants of the earth. 
 And itt the nations free, Rome is no more. 
 O hberty ! O virtue ! O my country ! 
 
 JU B A. 
 
 Behold that upright man ! Rome fills his eyes 
 With tears, that flow'd not o'er his own dead fon. \Afide. 
 
 C A T 0, 
 
 Whate'er the Roman virtue has fubdu'd. 
 The Sun's whole courfe, the day and year, are Ca^far'%. 
 For him the felf-de voted Dec'i'i dy'd. 
 The Fabit fell, and the great Scip'io^s conquer'd : 
 Even Pompey fought for defar. Oh my friends \ 
 How is the toil of fate, the work of ages. 
 The Roman empire fallen ! O curd ambition ! 
 Fallen into Cajar's hands ! our great Fore-fathers 
 Had left him nought to conquer but his country. 
 
 J V BA 
 
 While Cato lives, Ca^far will blufti to fee 
 Mankind enflaved, and be afliamed of empire. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Ctefar afliamed! has not he feen Pharfaliaf 
 
 L U C lU S. 
 
 CatOy 'tis time thou fave thy felf and us. 
 Vol. I. Z z ' C A .T 0. 
 
354 CAT 0. 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Lofe not a thought on me, I'm out of danger. 
 Heaven will not leave me in the victor's hand. 
 Cafar (liall never fay I conquer'd Cato. 
 But oh ! my friends, your fafety fills my heart 
 With anxious thoughts : a thoufand fecret terrors 
 Rife in my foul: how fhall I fave my friends! 
 'Tis now, O Co'/ar, I begin to fear thee. 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
 Cafar has mercy, if we ask it of him. 
 
 C AT 0. 
 
 Then ask it, I conjure you! let him know 
 Whate'er was done againft him, Cato did it. 
 Add, if you pleafe, that I requefl it of him. 
 The virtue of my friends may pafs unpunifh'd. 
 
 Juha^ my heart is troubled for thy fake. 
 Should I advife thee to regain Num'td'ia^ 
 Or feck the conqueror i 
 
 J U BA, 
 
 If I forfake thee 
 Whilft I have life, may heaven abandon Jnba / 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Thy virtues. Prince, if I forefee aright. 
 Will one day make thee great,- At Rome^ hereafter, 
 'Till be no crime to have been Cato's friend. 
 
 Portm, 
 
C A 7 0. 555 
 
 PortmSy draw near ! My fon, thou oft haft: fcen 
 
 Thy Sire engaged in a corrupted ft:ate, 
 
 Wreftiling with vice and fadion : now thou fee'ft: me 
 
 Spent, overpower'd, defpairing of fuccefs; 
 
 Let me advife thee to retreat betimes 
 
 To thy paternal feat, the Sahme field, 
 
 Where the great Cenfor toil'd with his own hands. 
 
 And all our frugal Anceft:ors were blefl: 
 
 In humble virtues, and a rural life. 
 
 There Hve retired, pray for the peace of Rome : 
 
 Content thy felf to be obfcurely good. 
 
 When vice prevails, and impious men bear fway, 
 
 The poft of honour is a private ft:ation. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 I hope, my father does not recommend 
 A life to Port'msy that he fcorns himfelf. 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Farewel, my friends ! if there be any of you 
 Who dare not truft: the vidor's clemency, 
 Know, there are (hips prepared by my command, 
 (Their fails already opening to the winds) 
 That (hall convey you to the wifht-for port. 
 Is there aught elfe, my friends, I can do for you ? 
 The conqueror draws near. Once more farewel! 
 If e'er we meet hereafter, we fliall meet 
 In happier climes, and on a fafer {hore. 
 Where Cafar never {hall approach us more. 
 
 \Pointtng to hh dead fon, 
 Z z 1 There 
 
356 
 
 c A r 0. 
 
 There the brave youth, with love of virtue fired. 
 Who greatly in his country's caufe expired, 
 Shall know he conquer'd. The firm Patriot there 
 (Who made the welfare of mankind his care) 
 Tho' ftill, by fadion, vice, and fortune, croft. 
 Shall find the gen'rous labour was not loft. 
 
 ACT 
 
C A T 0. 
 
 357 
 
 ACTV. SCENE! 
 
 C A T O folus, fitting in a thoughtful pofture : In his 
 hand Plato'j hook on the Immortality of the SohL A 
 drawn fword on the table by him. 
 
 IT mud be (b PlatOy thou reafbn'ft well! 
 Elfe whence this pleafing hope, this fond dcfire. 
 This longing after immortahty ? 
 Or whence this fecrct dread, and inward horror. 
 Of faUing into nought ? why (lirinks the foul 
 Back on her felf, and ftartles at dcftrudion ? 
 'Tis the divinity that ftirs within us; 
 'Tis heaven it felf, that points out an Hereafter, 
 And intimates eternity to man. 
 Eternity! thou pleafing, dreadful,, thought! 
 Through what variety of untry'd being, 
 Through what new fcenes and changes mufl: we pafs ! 
 The wide, th' unbounded profped:, lyes before me; 
 But Hiadows, clouds, and darkne(s, reft upon it. 
 Here will I hold. If there's a pow'r above us, 
 (And that there is all nature cries aloud 
 Through all her works) he muft delight in virtue; 
 And that which he delights in, muft be happy. 
 
 But when! or where! This world was made for C^far. 
 
 I'm 
 
558 
 
 C A 7 0. 
 
 I'm weary of conjedures This mud end 'em. 
 
 \La'^'ing his hand on his /word. 
 
 Thus am I doubly arm'd : my death and life, 
 My bane and antidote are both before me : 
 This in a moment brings me to an end ,• 
 But this informs me I (hall never die. 
 The foul, fecured in her exiftence, fmiles 
 At the drawn dagger, and defies its point. 
 The ftars (liall fade away, the fun himfelf 
 Grow dim with age, and nature fink in years, 
 But thou {halt flourifh in immortal youth. 
 Unhurt amidft the war of elements. 
 The wrecks of matter, and the crufh of worlds. 
 
 What means this heavineis that hangs upon me ? 
 This lethargy that creeps through all my fenfes? 
 Nature opprefs'd, and harrafs'd out with care. 
 Sinks down to reft. This once I'll favour her. 
 That my awaken'd foul may take her flight, 
 Renew'd in all her ftrength, and frefh with life. 
 An offering fit for heaven. Let guilt or fear 
 Difturb man's reft: Cato knows neither of 'em. 
 Indifferent in his choice to deep or die. 
 
 SCENE 
 
C A 7 0. 359 
 
 SCENE II. 
 CATO, FORTIUS. 
 
 c A r 0. 
 
 But hah ! how's this, my fon ? why this intrufion ? 
 Were not my orders that I would be private? 
 Why am I difobey'd ? 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 Alas, my father! 
 What means this jfword ? this inftrument of death ? 
 Let me convey it hence ! 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Rafh youth, forbear ! 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 O let the prayers, th' entreaties of your friends. 
 Their tears, their common danger, wreft it from you. 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Would'ft thou betray me ? would'ft thou give me up 
 A flave, a captive, into defar's hands ? 
 Retire, and learn obedience to a father, 
 Or know, young man! — 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
360 C A 7 a 
 
 P Rt IV s. 
 
 Look not thus fternly on me ; 
 You know I'd rather die than difobey you. 
 
 c A r 0. . 
 
 'Tis well ! again I'm mafter of my felf. 
 Now, Ccefar^ let thy troops befet our gates. 
 And barr each avenue, thy gathering fleets 
 O'erfpread the fea, and ftop up every port ^ 
 Cato {hall open to himfelf a paflage, 
 And mock thy hopes — : 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 O Sir, forgive your fbn, 
 Whofe grief hangs heavy on him! O my father! 
 How am I fure it is not the lafl: time 
 I e'er (hall call you fo ! be not difpleafed, 
 O be not angry with me whilft I weep, 
 And, in the anguiih of my heart, befeech you 
 To quit the dreadful purpofe of your foul ! 
 
 CATO. 
 
 Thou haft been ever good and dutiful. \Emhracmg htm. 
 
 Weep not, my fon. All will be well again. 
 The righteous gods, whom I have fought to pleafe. 
 Will fuccour CatOy and preferve his children. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 Your words give comfort to my drooping heart. 
 
 CATO. 
 
C A T 0. 361 
 
 C A TO, 
 
 Portimj thou may'fl: rely upon my concJud. 
 Thy father will not ad what misbecomes him. ^ 
 But go, my fon, and fee if aught be wanting 
 Among thy father's friends,- fee them embarked; 
 And tell me if the winds and feas befriend them. 
 My foul is quite weigh'd down with care, and asks 
 The foft refrefhment of a moment's fleep. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 My thoughts are more at ea(e, my heart revives. 
 
 SCENE III. 
 
 FORTIUS ^W M A R C I A. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 O Marcla^ O my fifter, ftill there's hope! 
 Our father will not caft away a life 
 So needful to us all, and to his country. 
 He is retired to reft, and fecms to cherifTi 
 Thoughts full of peace. He has difpatcht me hence 
 With orders, that befpeak a mind compofed, 
 And ftudious for the fafety of his friends. 
 Marcia, take care that none difturb his flumbers. 
 
 Vol. L a aa MARC I A, 
 
3(52 C A 7 0. 
 
 M A R C I A, 
 
 O ye immortal powers, that guard the juft. 
 Watch round his couch, and fbften his repofe, 
 Banifh his forrows, and becalm his foul 
 With eafie dreams i remember all his virtues ! 
 And fhow mankind that goodnefs is your care. 
 
 SCENE IV. 
 LUCIA ^«^ M A R C I A. 
 
 LUCIA, 
 
 Where is your father, Marcta^ where is Cato 7 
 
 M A RC I A, 
 
 Luchy fpeak low, he is retired to reft. 
 Lucia^ I feel a gently-dawning hope 
 Rife in my foul. We iliall be happy ftill, 
 
 LUCIA, 
 
 Alas, I tremble when I think on CatOy 
 In every view, in every thought I tremble f 
 Cato is ftern, and awful as a God, 
 He knows not how to wink at humane frailty. 
 Or pardon weaknefs, that he never felt. 
 
 MAR CIA. 
 
C A T 0, 563 
 
 M A R€ I A, 
 
 Though ftern and awfol to the foes of Romey 
 He is all goodnefs, Luc'ta, always mild, 
 Compaflionate, and gentle to his friends. 
 Fill'd with domeftick tendernefs, the beft. 
 The kindeft father! I have ever found him 
 Ealie, and good, and bounteous to my wifhes. 
 
 LUCIA. 
 
 Tis his confent alone can make us bleft. 
 Marc/a, we both are equally involv'd 
 In the fame intricate, perplext, diftrefs. 
 The cruel hand of fate, that has deftroy'd 
 Thy brother Marcus, whom we both lament— — 
 
 MAR CIA, 
 
 And ever {hall lament, unhappy youth ! 
 
 L UCIA. 
 
 Has fet my foul at large, and now I ftand 
 Loofe of my Vow. But who knows Cato's thoughts ? 
 Who knows how yet he may difpofe of Fortius, 
 Or how he has determin'd of thy felf? 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 Let him but live ! commit the reft to heaven. 
 
 A a a 2 Enter 
 
3^4 C A T 0. 
 
 Enter LUCIUS. 
 
 LUCIUS. 
 
 Sweet are the flumbers of the virtuous manf 
 
 Mania, I have feen thy godlike father : 
 Some power invifible fupports his jfbul. 
 
 And bears it up in all its wonted grcatnefs. i 
 
 A kind refrelhing fleep is fallen upon him : 
 
 1 faw him ftretcht at eafe, his fancy loft 
 
 In pleafing dreams ,• as I drew near his couch. 
 
 He fmiled, and cry'd, defar thou canft not hurt me. 
 
 MA R C I A 
 
 His mind ftill labours with fome dreadful thought. 
 
 LUC I US'. 
 
 Lucia, why all this grief, thefe floods of forrow ? 
 Dry up thy tears, my child, we all are fafe 
 While Cato lives his prefence will protect us. 
 
 Efjfer J U B A. 
 
 J UB A. 
 
 Lucius, the horfemen are return'd from viewing 
 The number, ftrength, and pofture of our foes. 
 Who now encamp within a fliort hour's march. 
 On the high point of yon bright weftern tower 
 
 We 
 
C A T 0. 36f 
 
 We kenn them from afar, the fetting Sun 
 
 Plays on their ftiining arms and burnifh'd helmets, 
 
 And covers all the field with gleams of fire» 
 
 L U C lU S. 
 
 Marc'my 'tis time we (hould awake thy father, 
 Cafar is ftill difpofed to give us terms, 
 And waits at diftance 'till he hears from Cato, 
 
 Enter FORTIUS. 
 
 Portiusy thy looks fpeak fomewhat of importance. 
 What tidings doft thou bring ? roethinks I fee . 
 
 Unufual gladnefs fparkling in <hy eyes. > 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 As I was hafting to the port, where now 
 My father's friends, impatient for a paflage, 
 Accufe the ling'ring winds, a fail arrived 
 From Pompey's (on, who through the realms of Spam 
 Calls out for vengeance on his father's death. 
 And roufes the whole nation up to arms. 
 Were Cato at their head, once more might Rome 
 Aflert her rights, and claim her liberty. 
 But heark! what means that groan! O give me way, 
 And let me fly into my father's prefence. 
 
 L u c ru s. 
 
 Cato, amidfl: his flumbers, thinks on Rome, 
 And in the wild diforder of his foul 
 
 Mourns 
 
5^6 C A T 0. 
 
 Mourns o*er his country. hahf a fecond groan!'-— 
 
 Heaven guard us all — - 
 
 M A RC I A 
 
 Alas, 'tis not the voice 
 Of one who fleepsf 'tis agonizing pain, 
 'Tis death is in that found 
 
 Re-mer FORTIUS. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 O fight of woe! 
 O Mar day what we fear'd is come to pafs ! 
 Cato is fallen upon his fword ■* 
 
 L UC I U S. 
 
 O PortmSf 
 Hide all the horrours of thy mournful tale. 
 And let us guels the reft. 
 
 FORTIUS. 
 
 I've raifed him up, 
 And placed him in his chair, where pale, and faint. 
 He gafps for breath, and, as his life flows from him, 
 Demands to fee his friends. His fervants weeping, 
 Obfequious to his orders, bear him hither. 
 
 [The back Scene opens ^ and d'tfcoven Cato, 
 
 M A R C I A. 
 
 O heaven affift me in this dreadful hour 
 To pay the laft fad duties to my father. 
 
 J U B A. 
 
C A T 0, '^^j 
 
 J U B A, 
 
 Thefe are thy triumphs, thy exploits, O Cafar/ 
 
 LUCIUS. 
 
 Now is Rome fallen indeed! 
 
 [Cato brought forward m hh chair, 
 
 C AT 0, 
 
 Here fet rae down 
 
 Port'ms come near me are my friends embark'd? 
 
 Can any thing be thought of for their fervice ? 
 Whilft I yet live, let me not live in vain. 
 
 —— O Lucius y art thou here ? thou art too good ! — -- 
 
 Let this our friendftiip live between our children ; 
 Make Port'tns happy in thy daughter Lucia, 
 
 Alas poor man, he weeps ! Marcm^ my daughter 
 
 O bend me forward! Juba loves thee, Marcia. 
 
 A Senator of RomCj while Rome furvived. 
 
 Would not have match'd his Daughter with a King, 
 
 But defar's arms have thrown down all diftindion i 
 
 Whoe'er is Brave and Virtuous, is a Roman 
 
 — - I'm Tick to death O when fhall I get loofe 
 
 From this vain world, th' abode of guilt and forrow! 
 
 And yet methinks a beam of light breaks in 
 
 On my departing foul. Alas, I fear 
 
 I've been too hafty. O ye powers, that fearch 
 
 The heart of man, and weigh his inmoft thoughts. 
 
 If I have done amifs, impute it not! 
 
 The beft may erre, but you are good, and — oh ? [Dies, 
 
 LUCIUS, 
 
96S C A T 0. 
 
 LU C lUS. 
 
 There fled the greateft foul that ever warm'd 
 A Roman breaft. O Caio / O my friend ! 
 Thy will fliall be religioufly obferv'd. 
 But let us bear this awful corps to defar^ 
 And lay it in his fight, that it may ftand 
 A fence betwixt us and the vigor's wrath j 
 CatOy the' dead, ftiall ftill protect his friends. 
 
 From hence, let fierce contending nations know 
 What dire efFeds from civil difcord flow. 
 'Tis this that (hakes our country with alarms. 
 And gives up Rome a prey to Roman arms, 
 Produces fraud, and cruelty, and ftrife, 
 And robs the Guilty world of Cato's life. 
 
 E P I- 
 
369 
 
 EPILOGUE. 
 
 By Dr. GA RT H. 
 
 Spoken by Mrs. PORTER. 
 
 WHAT odd fantajlick things nve 'women do I 
 Who luou'd not lijien 'when young louvers nvoo i 
 But die a ntaid, yet ha-ve the choice of tnvo I 
 Ladies are often cruel to their coji j 
 To gi've you pain^ themfel'ves they punijh moji. 
 Vonvs of "Virginity Jhould "well he 'weigh' d; 
 Too oft they're cancell'd, tho' in coivvents made. 
 
 Would you re'uenge fuch rajJj refohes you may 
 
 Be fpiteful and helie've the thing ^we fay : 
 
 We hate you <when you're eafily faid nay. 
 
 Hoiu needlefsy if you kne'w us, 'were your fears ? 
 
 Let Lonje han;e eyes, and Beauty "will ha've ears. 
 
 Our hearts are form'd as you your fel'ves 'would chi^fe. 
 
 Too proud to ash, too humble to refufe : 
 
 We gi've to merit, and to "wealth 'we fell; 
 
 He fighs 'with mofl fuccefs that fettles "well. 
 
 The 'woes of "wedlock "with the joys "we mix; 
 
 'Tis hefl repenting in a coach and fix. 
 
 Vol. I. B b b Blame 
 
370 EPILOGUE. 
 
 Blame not our conduUy (ince ive hut pur Cue 
 Tbafe Ihely lefons ive have learn d from you : 
 Tour breajis no more the fire of beauty ix^armsy 
 But kicked 'wealth ufurfs the power of charms ; 
 U^at fains to get the gaudy thing you hate. 
 To fwell in Jho'w, and be a 'wretch in Jlate I 
 At plays you ogky at the ring you bo'w ; 
 E'ven churches are no fanBuaries nonu: 
 There, golden idols all your 'vo'ws receive y 
 She is no goddefs that has nought to give. 
 
 Ohy may once more the happy age appear, ^^ 
 
 When nvords 'were artlefs, and the thoughts fincere0^ 
 
 When gold and grandeur 'were unenvy'd things, 
 
 /kid courts lefs coveted than ^oves and fprings. 
 
 tove then pall only mourn 'when truth complains. 
 
 And conjlancy feel tranfports in its chains. 
 
 Sighs 'with fuccefs their o'wnfoft anguijh tell. 
 
 And eyes Jhall utter 'what the lips conceal: 
 
 Virtue again to its bright Jlation climh^ 
 
 And beauty fear no enemy but time. 
 
 The fair Jhall lijlen to defert alone, 
 
 Aud every Lucia find a Cato'/ fon. 
 
 To 
 
Poems on fewral Occasions. 371 
 
 To Her ROYAL HIGHNESS the 
 
 PRINCESS of fF^ LES. 
 
 With the Tragedy of CATO. Nov. 1714. 
 
 THE Mufe that oft, with facred raptures fir'd. 
 Has gen'rous thoughts of Liberty infpir'd, 
 And, boldly rifing for Brhaj7ma\ laws, 
 Engaged great Cato in her country's caufe. 
 On You fubmiflive waits, with hopes afTur'd, 
 By whom the mighty blcfling ftands fecur'd, 
 And all the glories, that our age adorn. 
 Are promis'd to a people yet unborn. 
 
 No loncjer fhall the widow'd land bemoan 
 A broken lineage, and a doubtful throne; 
 But boafl: her royal progeny's increafe, 
 And count the pledges of her future peace. 
 O born to ftrengthen and to grace our iflef 
 While you, fair Princess, in your OfF-fpring fmile, 
 Supplying charms to the lucceeding age, 
 Each heavenly Daughter's triumphs we prefage ^ 
 Already fee th' illuftrious youths complain. 
 And pity Monarchs doom'd to figh in vain. 
 
 B b b 2 Thou 
 
372 Poems on federal Occasions. 
 
 Thou too, the darling of our fond defircs, 
 Whom Albion^ opening wide her arms, requires^ 
 With manly valour and attractive air 
 Shalt quell the fierce, and captivate the fair. 
 O England'^ younger hope! in whom confpire 
 The mothel-'s fweetnefs, and the father's fire! 
 For thee perhaps, even now, of kingly race 
 Some dawning beauty blooms in every grace, 
 Some Carolina^ to heaven's didtates true, 
 Who, while the fcepter'd rivals vainly fue. 
 Thy inborn worth with confcious eyes (hall fee, 
 And flight th' Imperial diadem for thee. 
 
 Pleas'd with the Profped of fucceflive reigns, 
 The tuneful tribe no more in daring drains 
 Shall vindicate, with pious fears oppreft, 
 Endanger'd rights, and liberty diftreft: 
 To milder founds each Mufe (hall tune the lyre, 
 And gratitude, and faith to Kings infpire, 
 And filial love j bid impious difcord ceafe. 
 And footh the madding factions into peace j 
 Or rife ambitious in more lofty lays. 
 And teach the nation their new Monarch's praife, 
 Defcribe his awful look, and godlike mind. 
 And Cafar'% power with Catoh virtue join'd. 
 
 Mean-while, bright Princess, who, with graceful eafe 
 And native majefty, are form'd to pleafe, 
 Behold thofe Arts with a propitious eye, 
 That fuppliant to their great protedrefs fly! 
 Then (hall they triumph, and the BrluJJj ftage 
 Improve her manners, and refine her rage, 
 
 More 
 
Poems <?;^y^r^r^/ Occasions. 375 
 
 More noble charaders expofe to view. 
 And draw her finiilit heroines from you. 
 
 Nor you the kind indulgence will refufe, 
 Skill'd in the labours of the deathlefs Mufe : 
 The deathlefs Mufe with undiminifht rays 
 Through diftant times the lovely dame conveys: 
 To Glor'tana Waller's harp was ftrung ,• 
 The Queen ftill fliines, becaufe the Poet fung. 
 Even all thofe graces, in your frame combined. 
 The common fate of mortal charms may find ,• 
 (Content our (liort-lived praifes to engage, 
 The joy and wonder of a fingle age,) 
 Unlefs fome Poet in a lading fbng 
 To late pofterity their fame prolong, 
 Inftru6t our fbns the radiant form to prize. 
 And fee your beauty with their fathers' eyes. 
 
 T O 
 
374 Poems on feveral Occasions. 
 
 To Sir GOD FRET K N E L L E R, 
 
 O N H I S 
 
 PICTURE of the KING. 
 
 KNELLER, with filence and furprize 
 We fee Britanma's Monarch rife, 
 A godhke form, by thee difplay'd. 
 In all the force of light and (hade,- 
 And aw'd by thy delufive hand. 
 As in the prefence-chamber ftand. 
 
 The magick of thy art calls forth 
 His fecret foul and hidden worth, 
 His probity and mildnefs {hows, 
 His care of friends, and fcorn of foes : 
 In every ftroke, in every Hne, 
 Does fbme exalted virtue fhine. 
 And Albion's happinefs we trace 
 Through all the features of his face. 
 
 O may I hve to hail the day, 
 "When the glad nation {hall {urvey 
 TTieir Sov'raign, through his wide command. 
 Palling in progrefs o'er the land/ 
 Each heart fhall bend, and every voice 
 In loud applauding (houts rejoice, 
 Whilft all his gracious afpe(5t praife. 
 And crowds grow loyal as they gaze. 
 
 This 
 
Poems on feveral Occasions, 975 
 
 This image on the medal placed, 
 With its bright round of titles graced, 
 And ftampt on Bntijh coins (hall live. 
 To richeft ores the value give. 
 Or, wrought within the curious mould, 
 Shape and adorn the running gold. 
 To bear this form, the genial Sun 
 Has daily, fince his courfe begun. 
 Rejoiced the metal to refine. 
 And ripen'd the Peruvian mine. 
 
 Thou, Kneller, long with noble pride, 
 The foremoft of thy art, haft vie*d 
 With nature in a generous ftrifc. 
 And touch'd the canvas into life. 
 Thy pencil has, by Monarchs fought. 
 From reign to reign in ermine wrought, 
 And, in their robes of ftate array'd, 
 The Kings of half an age difplay'd. 
 
 Here fwarthy Charles appears, and there 
 His Brother with dejedted air : 
 Triumphant Najfau here we find. 
 And with him hn^x. Maria join'dj 
 There Amia, great as when fhe fent 
 Her armies through the continent. 
 E'er yet her Hero was difgrac't: 
 O may fam'd Brunfwick be the laft, 
 (Though heaven (hould with my wifli agree. 
 And long preferve thy art in thee) 
 The laft, the happieft Britijh King, 
 Whom thou ihalt paint, or I fhall fingf 
 
 Wife 
 
"^^6 Poems on fe'veral OccKsio'^s. 
 
 Wife Phidiasy thus his skill to prove, 
 Through many a God advanced to Jove, 
 And taught the poliflit rocks to fliine 
 With airs and Hneaments divine j 
 'Till Greece J amaz'd, and- half a 'raid, 
 Th* afTembled deities furvey'd 
 
 Great Pan^ who wont to chafe the fair, 
 And lov'd the fpreading oak, was there j 
 Old Saturn too with up-caft eyes 
 Beheld his abdicated skies ; 
 And mighty MarSy for war renown'd, 
 In adamantine armour frown'dj 
 By him the childlefs goddefs rofe, 
 Mmerva^ ftudious to compofe 
 Her twifted threads j the webb fhe ftrung, 
 And o'er a loom of marble hung: 
 Thetis the troubled ocean's Queen, 
 Match'd with a mortal next was feen. 
 Reclining on a funeral urn. 
 Her {hort-liv'd darling Son to mourn. 
 The laft was he, whofe thunder flew 
 The T'ttan-i2^ce, a rebel crew, 
 That from a hundred hills ally'd 
 In impious leagues their King defy'd. 
 
 This wonder of the fculptor's hand 
 Produced, his art was at a ftand: 
 For who would hope new fame to raife. 
 Or rifque his well-eftablifh'd praife, 
 That, his high genius to approve, 
 Had drawn a GEORGE^ or carv'd a Jove/ 
 
 P O E- 
 
P O E M A T A. 
 
 Vol. I. 
 
 C c c 
 
HONORATISSIMO VIRO 
 
 CAROLO MONTAGU 
 
 A R M I G E R O, 
 
 SCACCHARII CANCELLARIO, 
 
 ^RARII PR^FECTO, 
 
 REGI k SEC R ETI O RIB U S 
 C O N S I L 1 1 S, &c. 
 
 UM tanta auribus tuis obftrepat vatum 
 nequiflimorum turba, nihil eft cur que- 
 raris aliquid inufitatum tibi contigifle, 
 ubi pra^clarum hoc argumentum meis 
 etiam numeris violatum confpexeris. 
 Quantum virtute bellica prseftent Britanni, reccns ex 
 rebus geftis teffcatur gloria i quam vero in humaniori- 
 bus Pacis fludiis non emineamus, indicio funt quos 
 nuper in lucem emifimus verliculi. Qiiod fi Con- 
 GREVius ille tuus divino, quo foler, furore correp- 
 
 C c c 2 tus 
 
D E D I C A T I O. 
 
 lus mareriam hanc non exorna{Iet, vix tanti eflet ipfa 
 Pax, Lie ilia lasraremur tot perditiflimis Poetis tarn 
 mifere decantata. At, dum alios inferior, mei ipfius 
 oblitus fuifle videor, qui baud minores forfan ex La- 
 tinis tibi molcflias allaturus fum, quam quas illi ex 
 vernaculis fuis carminibus attulerunt; nifi quod inter 
 ipfos cruciatus lenimentum aliquod dolori tribuat tor- 
 menti varietas. Nee quidem unquam adduci poflem, 
 ut poema patrio fermone confcriptutn oculis tuis fub- 
 jicerem, qui ab iftis conatibus caeteros omnes fcribendo 
 non minus deterres, quam favendo excitaveris. 
 
 HUMANITATIS Tu^ 
 
 CULTOR DeVOTISSIMUS, 
 
 JOSEPHUS ADDISON. 
 
P O E M A T A. 381 
 
 Pax GuLiELMi Aufpiciis Europe 
 
 reddita^ i6c}j. 
 
 POftquam ingens clamorque virum, ftrepitufque tubarum, 
 Atque omnis belli cecidit fragor ,• afpice, Ca:fnr, 
 Qux tibi foliciti, turba importbna, Poetx 
 Munera deducunt: generofac a pedore flamma:, 
 Dirasque armorum effigies, fimulachraque belli 
 Triftia difFugiant : O tandem abfifte triumphis 
 Expletus, penitufque animo totum cxcute Martem, 
 
 Non ultra ante oculos numerofo milite campi 
 Mifcentur, folito nee fervent arva tumultuj 
 Stat circum alta quies, curvoque innixus aratro 
 DeGrtas foflas, et caftra minantia caftris 
 Rufticus invertit, tacita formidine luftrans 
 Horroremque loci, et funeftos ftragibus agros. 
 Jamque fiiper vallum et munimina longa virefcit 
 Expe^tata feges, jam propugnacula rident 
 Vere novo : infuetos mirabitur incola culmos, 
 Luxuriemque Ibli, et turgentem a fanguine mefTem, 
 
 Afpicis ut toto excitus venit advena mundo 
 Bellomm invifc^ns fedem, et confufa ruinis 
 Oppida, et everfos flammarum turbine muros! 
 
 Ut 
 
982 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Ut trepidos rerum Annales, triftemque laborum 
 Inquirit feriem, attonitis ut fpedat ocellis 
 Scmirutas turres, et adhuc polluta cruore 
 Flumina, famofbfque Ormondi volnere campos? 
 
 Hie, ubi faxa jaccnt difperfb infedia cerebro, 
 Atque interruptis hifcunt divortia muris, 
 A^exillum intrepidus * fixit, cui tcmpora dudum 
 Budenfes palm^e, peregrinaque laurus obumbrat. 
 llle ruens acicm in mediam, qua ferrea grando 
 Sparfa furit circum, et plumbi denfiffimus imber, 
 Sulphuream noi^em, tetrafque bitumine nubes 
 Ingreditur, crebroque rubentetn fulgure fumum. 
 XJt vario anfrad:u, et disjedtis undique faxis 
 Msenia difcedunt, fcopulifque immane minantur 
 Defuper horrificis, et formidabile pendent f 
 
 Hie peftem occultam, et foecundas fulphure moles 
 Cernere erat, magno quas inter mota tumultu 
 Praslra fervebant; fubito cum clauftra fragore 
 Horrendum difrupta tenant, femiuftaque membra, 
 Fumante/que artus, laniataque corpora lethum 
 Corripit informe, et rotat ater in aethere turbo. 
 
 Sic, poftquam Enceladi dejecit fulmine fratres 
 Coelicolum pater, et vetuit contemnere divos : 
 Divulfam terras faciem, ingentefque ruinas 
 Mortales flupuerej altum hinc mirantur abefle 
 Pelion, invertique imis radicibus Oflam ; 
 Hie fluvium moles inter confufaque faxa 
 
 * Honoratiffimus D. Dominus CUTTS. Baro de Gowran, &c. 
 
 Reptare, 
 
P O E M A T A. 385 
 
 Reptare, atque aliis difcentem currere ripis. 
 
 Scant dubii, ct notos montes umbrafque requirunt, 
 
 Errore ambiguo elufi, et novitate locorum. 
 
 Nempe hie A u r i a c i nupcr vcxilla fecutx 
 Confluxere acies, hie, afpera corda, Britanni, 
 Germanufque ferox, et jund:o foedere Belga ; 
 Quique truei Boreas, et coelo damnatus iniquo 
 Vitam agit in tenebris,* et qui dadum ore perufto 
 Decolor admoti prodit veftigia Phcebi : 
 Undique conveniunt, totum confcripta per orbem 
 Agmina, NASsovique latus fbcialibus armis 
 Circumllira tegunt, fremitufque et murmura mifcent,. 
 Tarn vario disjund:a fitu, tot difTona linguis. 
 
 Te tamen e mediis, * Dudor Fortiflime, turmis 
 Exere, Tu vitam (fi quid mea carmina pofTunt) 
 Accipies, populique encomia fera futuri, 
 Quern varias edodium artes, ftudiifque Minervar 
 Omnibus ornatum Marti Rhedycina furen 
 Credidit invita, et tanto fe jadtat alumno. 
 Hunc nempe ardorem, atque immenfos pedioris xftos 
 Non jubar Ardoum, aut noftri penuria ccrli, 
 Sed plaga torridior, qua fol intentius omnes 
 Efifundit radios, totique obnoxia Phocbo 
 India progenuit, tenerifque incoxit ab annis 
 Virtutem immodicam, et generofs incendia mentis. 
 
 Jam quoque torpentem qui infelix fufpicit ArcSton, 
 Brumamque xternam frigufque perambulat, mfx 
 
 * Infig. Dom. Chriftoph. Codrington, unus ex Regii Satellitii Prsefeftis. 
 
 Horridus 
 
384 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Horridus exuviis, Gulielmi ingentia fada 
 Defcribit fociis, pugnataque in ordine bella 
 Attentus numerat, neque brumani aut frigora curat. 
 En! vaflios nivium traftus et pallida regna 
 Deferit, imperio extremum * qui fubjicit orbem, 
 Indigenafque hycmes, Britomimque Heroa pererrat 
 Luminibus tacitis -, fubeunt nunc fufa Namurcx 
 Mxnia, nunc tardo quas fanguine plurima fluxit 
 Boinia, nunc dubii palma indifcreta Seneffi. 
 Qux facies, et quanta viri ! quo vertice in auras 
 AiTurgit! quali firmat veftigia greifu, 
 Majeftate rudi, et torvo fpedtabilis ore! 
 
 Sic olim Alcides, immania membra Leonis 
 Inftratus fpoliis, vafta fe mole ferebat, 
 Evandri amplexus dextramque adjungere dextrse 
 Cum peteret, ted;i(que ingens fiiccederet hofpes. 
 
 Dum pugnas, G u l i e l m e, tuas, campofque cruentos 
 Accipit, in venis ebuUit vividus humor, 
 Corda micant crebro, et mentem fcrit asmulus ardor. 
 Non jam Riphasos hoftis populabitur agros 
 Impune, aut agitabit inultas Sarmata praedas, 
 
 Quis tamen ille procul fremitus! Quse murmura vulgi 
 Nassovium ingeminant ! video cava littora circum 
 Fervere remigibus, fubitifque albefcere velis. 
 Anglia folve metus, et inanes mitte querelas, 
 N A s s o V I fecura tui, defifte tumentes 
 Profpicere in fludus animo fufpenfa, trucefque 
 Objurgare notos, tardamque requirere puppim : 
 
 * Mufcovise Imperator. 
 
 Optatus 
 
P O E M A T A. 385 
 
 Optatus tibi Caefar adeft, nee ut ante videbis 
 Sollicitum belli ftudiis, fatalia Gallo 
 Confilia et tacitas verfantem in pcd:ore pugnas. 
 Olli grata quies et pax tranquilla verendum 
 Compofuit vultum, Ijetofque afflavit honores. 
 
 Ut denfo circum fe plurimus agmine miles 
 Agglomerat lateri! ut patriam veterefque penates 
 Refpicit exultans! juvat oftentare recentes 
 Ore cicatrices, et vulnera cruda, nota(que 
 Mucronum infignes, afflataque fulphure membra. 
 Chara ftupet conjux, reducifque incerta mariti 
 Veftigat faciem ; trepida formidine proles 
 Stat procul, et patrios horrefcit nefcia vultus. 
 lUe graves cafiis, duri et difcrimina belli 
 Enumerat, tumidifque inftaurat prxlia verbis. 
 Sic, poftquam in patriam foecunda heroibus Argo 
 Phryxeam attulerat pellem, lanamque rigentem 
 Expofliit Graiis, et tortile velleris aurum, 
 Navita terrificis infamia littora monftris 
 Defcribit, mixto fpirantem incendia fumo 
 Serpentem, vigilefque feras, plauftroque gementes 
 Infolito tauros, et anhelos igne juvencos. 
 
 Te tamen, O quantis Gulielme erepte periclis, 
 Accipimus reducem : tibi Diva Britannia fundit 
 Plebemque et Proceres : medias quacunque per urbes 
 Ingrederis, crebrx confurgunt undique pomp^e, 
 Gaiidiaque et plaufus : mixto ordine vulgus euntem 
 Circumftat fremitu denfo : Tibi Jupiter annum 
 Serius invertit, luces mirata ferenas 
 Ridet Hyems, feftoque vacat coelum omne triumplio. 
 
 Vol. I. D d d Jamque 
 
586 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Jamque * Nepos tibi parvus adeft, Ixtoque juventje 
 IncefTu, et blando teftatur gaudia rifu. 
 Ut Patrius vigor atque elati gratia vultus 
 Ciefarcum fpirant, majeftatemque verendam 
 Infundunt puero! ut Mater formofa ferenat 
 Augnftam frontem, et fublimia temperat ora! 
 Agnofco faciem ambiguam, mixtofque parentes. 
 llle tuas, GuLiELME, acies, et triftia bella, 
 Pugnafque innocua dudum fub imagine lufir. 
 Nunc indignanti fimilis fugitiva pufill^ 
 Terga premit turmse, et falfis terroribus impiety 
 Sternitque exiguum fidto cognomine Galium. 
 Nunc fimulat turres, et propugnacula parva 
 Nominibus fignat variis,- fubitoque tumultu 
 Sedulus infirmas arces, humilemque Namurcam 
 Diruit; interea generofae in pedore flammas 
 Affurgunt fenfim juveni, notat ignis honeftas 
 Purpureo fervore genas, et amabilis horror. 
 
 Quis tamen Auguftze immenfas in carmine pompas 
 Inftruet, in luteos ubi vulgo efFufa canales 
 Vina rubent, variatque infcdias purpura (brdes ? 
 Quis lapfus referet ftellarum, et fi(5tile caelum, 
 Qua laceram oftendunt redolentia compita chartam, 
 Sulphuris exuvias, tubulofque bitumine cafTos ? 
 
 En procul attonitam video clarefcere nodem 
 Fulgore infolito! ruit undique lucidus imber, 
 Flagrantefque hyemes ^ crepitantia fidera pailim 
 Scintillant, totoque pluunt incendia coelo. 
 
 * Celfiffimus Princeps Dux Gloceftrenfis, 
 
 Nec 
 
P O E M A T A. 387 
 
 Nee minus in terris Vulcanus mille figuras 
 Induit, ignivomafque feras, et fiilgida raonftra, 
 Terribiles vifu formas! hie membra Leonis 
 Hifpida mentitur, tortifque comantia flammis 
 Colla quatit, rutilafque jubasj hie lubricus Anguem 
 Ludit, fubfiliens, et multo fibilat igne. 
 
 La^titiam ingentem atque efFufa ha^c gaudia civis 
 Jam tandem fecurus agit, pofitoque timore 
 Exereet ventos, clafTemque per ultima mundi 
 Impune educit, pelagoque hcentius errat : 
 Seu conftridla gelu, mediiique horrentia Cancri 
 Menfibus arvavidetj feu turgida malit olenti 
 Tendere vela noto, qua thurea flamina mifcet 
 ^olus, et placidis perfundit odoribus auras. 
 
 Vos anima; iiluftres heroum, umbraeque recentes, 
 Quarum trunca jacent et adhue ftillantia crudis 
 Corpora vulneribus, quibus hxc optabilis orbi 
 Parta quies, nondum Nassovo abducice veftro 
 Fida fatellitia, at foHtis ftipate catervis 
 Dudorem, et tenues cireum difFundite turmas. 
 Tuque Maria, tuos non unquam oblita Britannos, 
 O Diva, O patiens magnum expedare maritum, 
 Ne terris Dominum invideas, quanqliam amplius ilium 
 Detineant, longamque agitent fub vindice pacem« 
 
 Dddi Baro- 
 
388 P O E M A T A, 
 
 Barometri Defcriptio. 
 
 QU A penetrat foffor terrse cxca. antra, metallo 
 Foecunda informi, rndibufque nitentia venisi 
 Dum ftupet occultas gazas, nummoique futures. 
 Emit argenti latices, nitidumque liquorcmj 
 Qui Dullo effufus piodit veftigia tra6tu, 
 Nee terram figno revolubilis imprimit udo, 
 Sed frad:us fparfim in globulos formam ufque rotundami 
 Servat, et in tcretes lapfans fe colligit orbes. 
 
 Incertum qua fit natura, an negligat ultra 
 Perficier, jubar et maturus inutile temnat ,• 
 An potius fblfs vis imperfedta relinquat 
 Argentum male co6tum, divitiafque fluentes': 
 Quicquid erit, magno fe jadtat nobilis ufuj 
 Nee Deus eflfulfit magis afpedlabilis olira, 
 Cum Danaen flavo circum pretiofils ami<5tu ' 
 Ambiit, et, gratam fuadente libidine formam^ 
 Depluit irriguo liquefadtum Numen in Auro. 
 
 Quin age, fume tubum fragilem, cui denfior aer 
 Exelufus ,• fundo vitri fubfidat in imo 
 Argenti ftagnum j ut plirvia impendente metallum 
 Mobile defcendat, vel contra, ubi poftulat seftus, 
 Prodeat hinc liquor emergens, et rurlus inane 
 Occupet afcenfu, tubulumque excurrat in omnem. 
 
 Jam 
 
P O E M A T A. 389 
 
 Jam coeli faciem tempeftatefque futuras 
 Confcia lympha monet, brumamque et frigora narrat. 
 Nam quoties liquor infurgit, vitreoque canali 
 Sublatum nequeunt ripse cohibere priorcs ; 
 Tum IsEtos fperare dies licet, arva fatentur 
 itftatem, et large difFufo lumine rident. 
 Sin feih immodicum attollens Argenteus humor, 
 Et nimium opprefTus, contendat ad ardua vitri, 
 Jam fitiunt herb^, jam fuccos flamma feraces 
 Excoquir, et languent confumto prata virorc. 
 
 Cum vero tenues nebulas fpiracula terra: 
 Fundunt, et madidi fluitant fuper a:quora fumi, 
 Pabula Ventura: pluvix ; tum fufiie pondus 
 Inferiora petit j nee certior Ardea coclos 
 Indicat humentes, medias quando ietheris oras 
 Tranando, crafTa fruitur fublimius aura, 
 Difcutit et madidis rorahtia nubila pennis. 
 Nunc guttx agglomerant, difperias frigora ftipant 
 Particulas^ rarufque in nimbum cogitur humor : 
 Prata vircnt, fegetem foecundis imbribus aether 
 Irrigat, et bibula: radici alimenta miniftrat. 
 Quin ubi plus a:quo dcfcendens uda metalli 
 Fundum amat, impatiens pluvia:, metuenfque procellam, 
 Agricola* caveant ^ non hoc impune colonus 
 Afpicir : oftendet mox foeta vaporibus aura 
 Colle6tas hyemes, tempeftatemque fonoram. 
 At licet Argentum mole incumbente levatum 
 Subfidat, penitufque imo fe condat in alveo, 
 C^Etera qua:que tumentj everfis flumina ripis 
 Expatiata ruunt, (pumantibus xftuat undis 
 
 Diluvium, 
 
39° 
 
 50 
 
 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Diluvium, rapidique efFufa liccntia ponti. 
 
 Nulla tacct fecreta poli mirabile vitrum, 
 Quin varies coeli vultus et tempora prodit. 
 Anne refert, quando tenui vclamine tutus 
 Incedes, quando fperabis frigidus ignem. 
 
 Augurio hoc fretus, quanquam atri nubila c<3eli 
 Dirumpunt obfcura diem, pluviafque minantur; 
 Machina fi ncget, et fudum proraittat apertum, 
 Audax carpat iter nimbo pendente viator; 
 Nee metuens imbrem, pofcentes MefTor ariftas 
 Profternat: terr^e jam bruma incumbit inermis, 
 Frigoraque haud nocitura cadunt, feriuntque paratos. 
 
 nrrMAio- 
 
P O E M A T A. 391 
 
 nrrMAio-rEPANOMAXiA, 
 
 S I V E 
 
 P R ^ L I U M 
 
 INTER 
 
 Pygmjeos et Grues commilTum. 
 
 PEnnatas acies, et laraentabile bellum 
 Pygmeadum refero : parvas tu, Mufa, cohortes 
 Inftruc ,• tu gladios, mortemque minantia roftia, 
 OfFcnfbfque Grues, indignantefque pufillam 
 Militiam celebra ,- volucrumque hominumque tumultus. 
 
 Heroum ingentes animos ct triftia bella 
 Pieridum labor exhaufit, verfuque fonoro 
 Juffit et arterna numerorum afTurgere pompa; 
 Quis led:os Graium juvenis, et torva tuentem 
 Thefea, quis pedibus velocem ignorat Achillem ? 
 Quern dura ^Enea: certamina, quern Gulielmi 
 Geflta latent? fratres Thebani, et flebile fatum 
 Pompeii quern non dclaflfavere Icgentem ? 
 Primus ego incadas acies, gracileraque tuburam 
 
 Carmine 
 
392 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Carmine depingam fonitum, nova caftra fecutus 5 
 Exiguofque canam pugiles, Gruibufque malignos 
 Hcroas, nigrifque ruentem e nubibus hoftem. 
 
 Qua folis tepet wtu, primitiifque did 
 India Izeta mbet, medium inter inhofpita faxa 
 (Per placidam vallem, et paucis accelTa vireta) 
 Pygmasum quondam fteterat, dum fata fincbant, 
 Imperium. Hie varias vitam excoluere per artes 
 Seduli, et afliduo fervebant arva popello. 
 Nunc fi quis dura evadat per faxa viator, 
 Defertofque lares, et valles ofTibus albas 
 Exiguis videt, et veftigia parva ftupefcit. 
 Defolata tenet vid;rix impune volucris 
 Regna, et fecuro crepitat Grus improba nido. 
 Non fie, dum multos fletit infuperabilis annos 
 Parvula progenies j turn, fi quis cbminus ales 
 Congredi, et immixtze auderet fe credere pugnae, 
 Miles atrox aderat, fumptifque feroculus armis 
 Sternit humi volucrem moribundam, humerifque reportat 
 Ingentem praedam,- ca:fbque epulatur in hofte. 
 Sajpe improvifas madabat, f^epe juvabat 
 Diripere aut nidum, aut ulcifei in prole parentena. 
 Nempe larem quoties multa conftruxerat arte, 
 Aut uteri pofiiilTet onus, volucremque futuramj 
 Continuo vultu fpirans immane minaci 
 Omnia vaftaret miles, fcetufque necaret 
 Immeritos, vitamque abrumperet imperfedam, 
 Cum tepido nondum maturuit hoftis in ovo. 
 
 Hine caufx irarum, bella hine, fatalia bella, 
 Atque acies letho intentse, volucrumque virumque 
 
 CommifTac 
 
P O E M A T A. 393 
 
 CommifTas ftrages, confufaque mortis imago. 
 
 Noa tantos motus, nee tarn memorabile bellum, 
 
 Maconius quondam fublimi carmine vates 
 
 Lufiti ubi totam ftrepituque armifque paludem ; 
 
 Mifcuit : hie (vifu miferabile !) corpora murum 
 
 Sparfa jacent juncis transfixa, hie guttura rauco 
 
 Rana dolct, pedibufque abfcilTo poplite ternis 
 
 Reptar humi, folitis nee Ceih faltibus efFerc. 
 
 Jamque dies Pygma:o aderat, quo tempore cxCi 
 Poenituit foetus, intadtaque maluit ova. 
 Nam fuper his accenfa graves exarfit in iras 
 Grus ftomachans,- omnefque fimul, quas Strymonis unda, 
 Aut ftagnum Mareotidis, imi aut uda Cayftri 
 Prata tenent, adfunt^ Scythicaque excita palude, 
 Et conjurato volucris defceadit ab Iftro, 
 Stragefque immenfas et vulnera cogitat abfens, 
 Exacuitque ungues idum meditata futurum, 
 Et roftrum parat acre, fugarque accommodat alas. 
 Tantus amor belh", et vindi6ta: arredta cupido. 
 Ergo ubi ver na(5tus proprium, fufpenfus in alto 
 Acre eoncuflis exercitus obftrepit alis, 
 Terrxque immenfos tradlus, femotaque longe 
 i£quora defpiciunt, Boreamque et nubila tranant 
 Innumeri : crebro circum ingens flu6tuat xther 
 Flamine, et afTiduus mifcct caelum omne tumultus. 
 
 Nee minor in terris motus, dum bella faceflit 
 Impiger, inftituitque agmen, firmatque phalangas, 
 Et furit arreptis animofus homuncio telis : 
 Donee turma duas eompofta excurrat in alas, 
 Ordinibufque frequens, et marte inftru(^a perito. 
 
 Vol. I. E e e Jamque 
 
594 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Jamque flcies inter medias fcfe arduus infert 
 Pygmeadum dudor, qui majeftate verendus 
 IncelTuque gravis reliquos fupererninet omnes 
 Mole gigaatea, mediamque afiTurgit in ulnam. 
 Torvior afpedu (hoftilis nam infculpferat unguis 
 Ore cicatrices) vultuque oftcntat honefta 
 Roftrorum figna, et crudos in pe^tore morfus; 
 Immortali odio, aeternifque exercuit iris 
 Alituum gentem, non ilium impune volucris 
 Aut ore, aut pedibus peteret confifiis aduncis. 
 Fatalem quoties Gruibus diftrinxerat enfem, 
 Truncavitque alas, celerique fugam abftulit hoftif 
 Quot fecit ftrages! quse nudis funera pullis 
 Intulit, heu! quoties implevit Strymona fletuf 
 
 Jamque procul fonus auditur, pioeamque volantum 
 ProfpeiStant nubem bellumque hoftefque ferentem. 
 ^ Crebrefcit tandem, atque oculis fe plurimus offert 
 Ordinibus ftru6tus variis exercitus ingens 
 Alituum, motifque eventilat aera pennis. 
 Turba polum replet, fpecieque immanis obumbrat 
 Agmina Pygmseorum, et denfa in nubibus hseret: 
 Nunc denfa, at patriis mox reddita rarior oris. 
 Belli ardent ftudio Pygmxi, et lumine fx\o 
 Sufpiciunt hoftemj nee longum tempus, et ingens 
 Turba Gruum horrifico fefe fuper agmina lapfii 
 Prsecipitat gravis, et bellum fperantibus infert: 
 Fit fragor; avulfae volitant circum aera plumae. 
 Mox defelTa iterum levibus fefc eripit alis, 
 Et vires reparata iterum petit impete terras. 
 Armorum pendet fortuna: hie fixa volucris 
 
 Cu{pide, 
 
P O E M A T A. 395 
 
 Cufpide, fanguineo (e(e furibunda rotatu 
 Torquet agens circum, roftrumque intendit in hoftem 
 Imbelle, et curves in morte recolligit ungues. 
 Pygmxi hie ftillat lentus de vulnere fanguis, 
 Singukufque ciet crebros, pedibufque pufiUis 
 Tundit humum, et moriens unguem execratur acutum. 
 ^ftuat omne folum ftiepitu, tepidoque rubefcit 
 Sanguine, fparguntur gladii, fpaiguntur et ala:, 
 Unguefque et digiti, commiftaque roftra lacertis. 
 
 Pygmeadum (kvit, mediifque in millibus ardet 
 Dudor, quern late hinc atque hinc pereuntia cingunt 
 Corpora fufa Gruumj raediaque in morte vagatur. 
 Nee plaufu alarum, nee roftri concidit i(5tu, 
 Ille Gruum terror, ilium denfiflima circum 
 Mifcetur pugna, et bellum omne laborat in uno: 
 Cum, fubito appuKus (Cic Di voluere) tumuitu 
 Ex inopino ingens et formidabilis Ales 
 Comprendit pedibus pugnantemj et (trifte relatu) 
 Suftulit in caelum ,• bellator ab unguibus harret 
 Pcndulus, agglomerat ftrepitu globus undique denfus 
 Alituum; fruftra Pygma:i lumine mcefto 
 Regem inter nubes lugent, folitoque minorem 
 Heroem afpiciunt Gruibus plaudentibus efcam. 
 
 Jamque recrudefcit bellum, Grus defuper urget 
 Pygmaeum roftro, atque hoftem petit ardua morfii ; 
 Turn fugit alta volans; is furfum brachia ja(5lat 
 Vulneris impatiens, et inanes faevit in auras. 
 Talis erat belli faeies, cum Pelion ingens 
 Mitteret in coelum Briareus, folioque Tonantem 
 Prscipitem excuteret j ifparguntur in aethere toto 
 
 E e e 2 Fulminaque 
 
59^ 
 
 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Fulminaque fcopulique: flagrantia tela deorfum 
 Torcjuentur Jovis adta manu, dum- vafta Gigantum 
 Corpora fufa jacent, femiuftaque fulphure fumant. 
 
 Viribus abfumptis penitus Pygmeia tandem 
 Agmina languefcuntj ergo pars vertere terga 
 Horribili perculfa metu, pars tollere vocetn 
 Exiguam j late populus Cubitalis oberrat. 
 Inftant a tergo volucres, lacerantque trahuntquc 
 Im mites, certse gentem extirpare nefandam. 
 
 Sic Pygmsea domus multos dominata per annos, 
 Tot bellis deflinda, Gruum tot Iseta triumphis, 
 Funditus interiit : Nempe exitus omnia tandem 
 Certus Regna manet, funt certi denique fines, 
 Quos ultra tranfire nefas : fie corruit olim 
 AlTyrise Imperium, fie magnse Perfidis imis 
 Sedibus everium eft, et majus utroque Latinum. 
 Elyfii valles nunc agmine luftrat inani, 
 Et veterum Heroum mifcetur grandibus umbris 
 Plebs parva : aut, fi quid fidei mereatur anilis 
 Fabula, Paftores per noftis opaca pufiUas 
 SsEpe vident umbras, Pygmajos corpore caflbs. 
 Dum fecura Gruum, et veteres oblita labores, 
 Laetitise penitus vaeat, indulgetque choreis, 
 Anguftofque terit calles, viridefque per orbes 
 Turba levis falit, et lemurum cognomine gaudet. 
 
 R E S U R- 
 
P O E M A T A. 
 
 397 
 
 RESURRECTIO 
 
 DELINEATA 
 
 Ad Altare Col. Magd. Oxon. 
 
 EGregios fuci tradus, calamique labores, 
 Surgentefque hominum formas, ardentiaque ora 
 Judicis, et fimulachra modis pallentia miris, 
 Terribilem vifu pompam, tu carmine Mufa 
 Pande novo, vatique facros accende furores. 
 
 Olim planitiem (quam nunc foecunda colorum 
 Inngnit pi6tura) inhonefto et fimplice culm 
 Veftiit albedo, fed ne rima uUa priorem 
 Agnofcat faciem, mox fundamenta futura? 
 Subftravit pi6tor tabulie, humoremque fequacem 
 Per muros traxitj velamine moenia crafTo 
 Squallent obdu6ta, et rudioribus illita fucis. 
 
 Utque (polo nondum ftellis fulgcntibus apto) 
 Ne fpatio moles immenfa dehifcat inani, 
 Per cava ccclorum, et convexa patentia late 
 Hinc atque hinc interfufus fluitaverat xther,- 
 Mox radiante novum torrebat lumine mundura 
 
 Titan, 
 
398 
 
 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Titan, et pallens alienos mitius ignes 
 Cynthia vibrabat ; crebris nunc confitus aftris 
 Scintillare polus, nunc fulgor Ladeus omne 
 _ Diffluere in ccelum, longoque albefcere tradu. 
 
 Sic, operis poftquam lufic primordia pi dor, 
 Dum fordet paries, nullumque fatetur Apellem, 
 Cautius exercet calamos, atque arte tenacem 
 Confundit vifcum, fiiccofque attemperat, omnes 
 Inducit tandem formasj apparet ubique 
 Muta cohors, et pidturariim vulgus inane. 
 
 Aligeris muri vacat ora fuprema miniftris, 
 Sparfaque per totam cceleftis turba tabellam 
 Raucos infpirat lituos, buccafque tumentes 
 Inflat, et attonitum replet clangoribus orbem. 
 Defundis fbnus auditur, tabulamque pei- imam 
 Pida gravefcit humus, terris emergit apertis 
 Progenies rediviva, et plumira furgit imago. 
 
 Sic, dum foecundis Cadmus dat femina fulcis, 
 Terra tumet prsegnans, animataque gleba laborat, 
 Luxuriatur ager fegete (pirante, calefcit 
 Omne folum, crefcitque virorum prodiga meflis. 
 
 Jam pulvis varias terr^e difperfa per oras, 
 Sive inter venas teneri concreta metalli, 
 Senfim diriguit, feu fefe immifcuit herbis, 
 Explicita eft; molem rurfus coalefcit in unam 
 Divifum funus, fparfos prior alligat artus 
 Jundura, aptanturque iterum coeuntia membra. 
 Hie nondum fpecie perfeda refurgit imago, 
 Vultum truncata, atque inhoneito vulnere nares 
 Manca, et adhuc deeft informi de corpore multum, 
 
 Paulatim 
 
P O E M A T A. 
 
 Paulatim in rigidum hie vita infinuata cadaver 
 Motu xgro vix dum redivivos eiigit artus. 
 Inficit his horror vultus, et imagine tota 
 Fufa per attonitam pallet formido figuram. 
 
 Detrahe quin oculos fpedator, et, era nitentem 
 Si poterint perferre diem, medium infpice murum, 
 Qua fedet orta Deo proles, Deus ipfe, fereno 
 Lumine perfuliis, radiifque infperfus acutis. 
 Circum tranquillx funduntur tempora flammar, 
 Regius ore vigor fpirat, nitet ignis ocellis, 
 Plurimaque efFulget majeftas numine toto. 
 Quantum diflimilis, quantum o! mutatus ab illo. 
 Qui peccata luit cruciatus non fua, vitam 
 Quando ludantem cundata mortc trahebatf 
 Sed fruftra voluit defun6tum Golgotha numen 
 Condere, dum vida fatorum lege triumphans 
 Nativum petiit coelum, et fuper xthera vedus 
 Dcfpexit lunam exiguam, folemque minorem. 
 
 Jam latus effoffum, et palmas oftendit utrafque, 
 Vulnufque infixum pede, clavorumque recepta 
 Signa, et tranfa6li quondam veftigia ferri. 
 XJmhrx hue felices tendunt, numerofaque co^los 
 Turba pctunt, atque immortalia dona capefTunt, 
 Matres, et longje nunc reddita corpora vitae 
 Infantum, juvenes, pueri, innuptjcque puellae 
 Srant circum, atque avidos jubar immortale bibentes 
 Affigunt oculos in Numine j laudibus xther 
 Intonat, et lieto ridet coelum omne triumpho. 
 His amor impatiens conceptaque gaudia mentem 
 Funditus exagitant, imoque in pedore fervent. 
 
 399 
 
 Non 
 
400 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Non seque exultat flagranti corde Sibylla, 
 Hofpite cum tunict inclufo, et pr^ecordia fentit 
 Mota Dei ftimulis, nimioque calentia Phoebo. 
 
 Quis tamen illc novus perftringit lumina fulgor > 
 Qi-iam Mitra eifigicm diftinxit pidor, honefto 
 Surgentem e tumulo, alatoque fatellite fultam? 
 Agnofco faciem, vultu latet alter in illo 
 * Wainfletus, fie ille oculos, fie ora ferebat : 
 Ehu quaado animi par invenietur Imago! 
 
 Quando alium fimilem virtus habitura! — 
 
 Irati innoeuas fecurus numinis iras 
 
 Aipicit, impavidofque in Judice figit ocellos. 
 
 Qiiin age, et horrentem commixtis igne tenebris 
 Jam videas icenam; multo hie ftagnantia fuco 
 Moenia, flagrantem liquefado fulphure rivum 
 Fingunt, et falfiis tanta arte accenditur ignis, 
 Ut toti metuas tabular, ne flamma per omne 
 Livida ierpat opus, tenuefque abfiimpta recedat 
 Pi(5tura in cineres, propriis peritura favillis. 
 Hue turba infelix agitur, turpifque videri 
 Infrendet dentes, et rugis contrahit ora. 
 Vindex a tergo implacabile fsevit, et enfem 
 Fulmineum vibrans acie flagrante fcelefl;os 
 Jam Paradifeis iterum depellit ab oris. 
 Heu ! quid agat triftis ? quo fe coeleftibus iris 
 Subtrahat? o! quantum vellet nunc xthere in alto 
 Virtutem colere! at tandem fiifpiria ducit. 
 
 * Coll. Madg. Fundator. 
 
 Nequic- 
 
P O E M A T A. 401 
 
 Nequicquam, et fero in lachrymas eflFunditur ; obftant 
 Sortes non revocandse, et inexorabile numen. 
 
 Quam varias aperit veneres pi(5tura! periti 
 Quot calami legimus veftigia! quanta colorum 
 Gratia fe profert! tales non difcolor Iris 
 Oftendat, vario cum lumine floridus imber 
 Rore nitet toto, et gutta fcintillat in omni. 
 
 O fuci nitor, o pulchri durate colores! 
 Nee, pidura, tuae langucfcat gloria forms, 
 Dum lucem videas, qualem exprimis ipfa, fupremam. 
 
 SPH^RISTERIUM. 
 
 HIC, ubi graminea in latum CcCc explicat a:quor 
 Planities, vacuoque ingens patet area campo. 
 Cum folem nondum fumantia prata fatentur 
 Exortum, et tumida: pendent in gramine guttie, 
 Improba falx nodiis parva incrcmenta prioris 
 Defecat, exiguam radens a cefpite mefTem: 
 Turn motu afliduo faxum verfatile terram 
 Deprimit extantem, et fiirgentes atterit herbas. 
 Lignea percurrunt vernantem turba palarftram 
 Un6ta, nitens oleo, formse quibus efle rotunda: 
 Artificis ferrum dederat, facilifque moveri. 
 Ne tamen ofFendant incauti errore globorum, 
 Qua:que fuis incifa notis ftat fphacra j fed unus 
 Hanc vult, qus infufo multum inclinata metallo 
 
 Vol. I. F f f Vertitur 
 
402 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Vertitur in gyros, et iniquo tramite currit; 
 Quin alii diverfa placet, quam parcius urget 
 Plumbea vis, motuque finit procedere re<5to. 
 
 Poftqaam ideo in partes turbam diftinxerat lequas 
 Confilium, aut fors ; quifque fuis accingitur armis. 
 Evolat orbiculus, quse curfijm meta futurum 
 Defignat j jadique legens veftigia, primam. 
 Qui certamen init, fphseram demittit, at ilia 
 Leniter efFufa, exiguum quod ducit in orbem, 
 Radit iter, donee fenfim primo impete fefTo 
 Subfiftat; fubito globus emicat alter et alter. 
 
 Mox ubi funduntur late agmina crebra minorem 
 SpaiTa per orbiculum, flipantque frequentia metam, 
 Atque negant faciles aditus; jam cautius exit, 
 Et leviter fefe infinuat revolubile lignum. 
 At fii forte globum, qui mifit, fpeftat inertem 
 Serpere, et imprelTum fubito languefcere motum,, 
 Pone urget (ph^rse ve{ligia_, et anxius inftat, 
 Objurgatque moras, currentique imminet orbi. 
 Atque ut fegnis honos dextrse fervetur, iniquam 
 Incufat terram, ac furgentem in marmore nodum. 
 
 Nee rifiis tacuere, globus cum volvitur a<5tus 
 Infami jad;u, aut nimium veftigia plumbum 
 Allicit, et fphseram a redo trahit infita virtus. 
 Turn qui projecit, ftrepitus effundit inanes, 
 Et, variam in fpeciem diftorto corpore, fal(bs 
 Increpat errores, et dat convitia ligno. 
 Sphaera fed, irarum temnens ludibria, coeptum 
 Pergit iter, nuUifque movetur furda querelis. 
 
 Ilia tamen laudes fummumque meretur honorem, 
 
 Qux 
 
P O E M A T A. 403 
 
 Quae non dirumpit curfum, abfiftitque moveri. 
 Donee turbam inter crebram dilapfa fupremum 
 Perfecit ftadium, et metx inclinata recumbit. 
 Hoftis at h^erentem orbiculo detrudere fphaeram 
 Certat, luminibulque viam fignantibus omncs 
 Intendit vires, et miflile fortiter urget: 
 Evolat addu(5lo non fegnis (phaera lacerto. 
 
 Hand ita profiliens Eleo carcere pernix 
 Auriga invehitur, cum raptus ab axe citato 
 Currentefque demos videt, et fugientia ted:a. 
 
 Si tamen in duros, obftrudia fatellite multo, 
 Impingant fbcios, confundatque orbibus orbes; 
 Tum fervet bilis, fortunam damnat acerbam, 
 Atque Deos atque aftra vocat crudelia. 
 
 Si vero incurfus faciles, adituraque patentem 
 Inveniat, partoque hoftis fpolietur honore: 
 Turba fremit confufa, fonifque frequentibus, eugc, 
 Exclamant focii ; plaufii ftrepit omne viretum. 
 
 Interea felTos inimico Sirius aftro 
 Cor ri pit, et falfas exudant corpora guttas ; 
 Lenia jam zephyri fpirantes frigora, et umbrse 
 Captantur, vultuque fluens abftergitur humor. 
 
 F f f £ AD 
 
404 P O E M A T A. 
 
 A D 
 
 D. D. HANNES, 
 
 INSIGNISSIMUM 
 MeDICUM et POETAM. 
 
 OQui canoro blandius Orpheo 
 Vocale ducis carmen, et exitu 
 Feliciore lut^uofis 
 
 Sa^pe animam revocas ab umbriSj 
 Jam feu fblutos in numerum pedes 
 Cogis, vel segrum et vix animse tenax 
 Corpus tueris, leu cadaver 
 Luminibus penetras acutisj 
 Opus relinquens eripe te moras, 
 Frontemque curis folicitam explica^ 
 Scyphumque jucundus require 
 Purpureo gravidum Lyaeo. 
 Nunc plena magni pocula poftules 
 Memor WilhelmIj nunc moveat fitim 
 Minifter ingens, imperique 
 
 Prxfidium haiid leve, Montacutus» 
 
 Omitte 
 
P O E M A T A. 405 
 
 Omitte tandem trifte negotium 
 Gravefque curas, heu nimium pius? 
 Nee c2eteros cautus mederi 
 Ipfe tuam minuas falutem. 
 Fruftra cruorem pulfibus incitis 
 Ebullientem pollice comprimis, 
 Attentus explorare venam 
 
 Quae febris exagitet tumentem: 
 Fruftra liquores quot Chymica expedit 
 Fornax, et error fanguinis, et vigor 
 Innatus herbis te fatigant: 
 Serius aut citius fepulchro 
 Debemur omnes, vitaque deferet 
 Expulfa morbis corpus inhofpitum, 
 Lentumque deflebunt nepotes 
 (Relliquias animx) cadaver. 
 Manes videbis tu quoque fabulas, 
 Quos pauciores fecerit ars tua ; 
 Suumque vi6lorem viciffim 
 Subjiciet libitina vi6trix» 
 Decurrit illi vita beatior 
 Quicunque lucem non nimis anxius 
 Reddit moleftam, urgetve curas 
 Sponte (ua fatis ingruentesj 
 Et quern dierum lene fluentium 
 Deled:at ordo, vitaque mutuis 
 Felix amicis, gaudiifque 
 Innocuis bene temperata. 
 
 Machinae 
 
4o6 P O E M' A T A. 
 
 Machinal Gcfticulances, 
 
 A N G L I C E 
 
 A PUPPET-SHOW. 
 
 ADmiranda cano levlum fpedlacula rerum, 
 Exiguam gentem, et vacuum fine mente popellumj 
 Quern, non furreptis coeli de fornice flammis, 
 Innocua melior fabricaverat arte Prometheus. 
 
 Compita qua rifii fervent, glomeratque tumultum 
 Hiftrio, deledtatque inhiantem fcommate turbam j 
 Quotquot Isetitiae ftudio aut novitate tenentur, 
 Undique congreili permilTa fedilia complent. 
 Nee confufus honos j nummo lubfellia cedunt 
 Diverfb, et varii ad pretium flat copia fcamni. 
 Tandem ubi fiibtrahitur velamen, lumina paflim 
 Anguftos penetrant aditus, qua pluriraa vifum. 
 Fila fecant, ne, cum vacuo datur ore feneilra, 
 Pervia fraus pateat: mox ftridula turba penates 
 Ingreditur pidos, et maenia fquaUida fuco. 
 Hie humiles inter fcenas, anguftaque clauftra, 
 Quiequid agunt homines, concurlus, Bella, triumphos, 
 
 Ludit 
 
P O E M A T A. 407 
 
 Ludit in exiguo plebecula parva theatro. 
 
 Sed prxter reliquos iacedit Homuncio rauca 
 
 Voce ftrepensj major fubnedtit fibula veftem, 
 
 Et referunt vivos errantia lumina motusj 
 
 In ventrem tumet immodicum ,• pone eminct ingens 
 
 A tergo gibbus; Pygmaeum territat agmen 
 
 Major, et immanem miratur turba Gigantem. 
 
 Hie magna fretus mole, imparibufque lacertis 
 
 Confifus, gracili jadat convitia vulgo, 
 
 Et crebro folvit, lepidum caput, ora cacbinno. 
 
 Quanquam res agitur folenni feria pompa, 
 
 Spernit follicitum intradtabilis ille tumultum, 
 
 Et riiii importunus adefl, arque omnia turbat. 
 Nee raro invadit molles, pi(5tamque protervo 
 
 Ore petit Nympham, invitoque dat ofcula ligno. 
 
 Sed comitum vulgus diverfis membra fatigant 
 Ludis, et vario lafcivit mobile faltu. 
 
 Siepe etiam gemmis rutila, et fpe^tabilis auro, 
 Lignea gens prodit, nitidifque /upcrbit in oftris. 
 Nam, quotics feftam celebrat fub imagine lucem, 
 Ordine compofito Nympharum incedit honeftum 
 Agmen, et exigui proceres, parvique quirites. 
 Pygmxos credas pofitis mitefcere bellis, 
 Jamque, infenfa Gruum temnentes pra:lia, tutos 
 Indulgere jocis, tenerifque vacarc choreis. 
 
 Tales, cum medio labuntur fidera coelo, 
 Parvi fubfiliunt Lemures, popnlufque pufillus 
 Feftivos, rediens fiia per veftigia, gyros 
 Ducit, et anguftum crebro pede pulfitat orbem. 
 Mane patent greflus j hinc fiiccos terra feraces 
 
 Concipit, 
 
4o8 P O E M A T A. 
 
 Concipit, in multam pubentia gramina furgunt 
 Luxuriem, tenerifque virefcit circulus herbis. 
 
 At non tranquillas nulla abdunt nubila luces, 
 S^epe gravi furgunt bella, horrida bella, tumultu. 
 Arraa cient truculenta cohors, placidamcjuequietem 
 Dirumpunt pugna: ; ufque adeo infinccra voluptas 
 Omnibus, et miftaz caftigant gaudia curse. 
 Jam gladii, tubulique ingefto jfulphure foeti, 
 Protcnfarque hafta:, fulgentiaque arma, minacque 
 Telorum ingentes Tubeuntj dant clauftra fragorem 
 Horrendum, ruptis ftridente bitumine chartse 
 Confufos rcddunt crepitus, et fibila mifcent. 
 Stcrnitur omne folum pereuntibus j • undique cxCx 
 Apparent turma:, civilis crimina belli. 
 
 Sed poftquam infanus pugnae deferbuit seftus, 
 Exuerintque truces animos, jam Marte fugato, 
 Diverfas repetunt artes, curafque priores. 
 Nee raro prifci heroes, quos pagina facta 
 Suggerit, atque olim peperit felicior astas. 
 Hie parva redeunt fpecie. Cano ordine cernas 
 Antiques prodire, agmen venerabile, Patres. 
 Rugis fulcantur vultus, prolixaque barbae 
 Canities mento pendet : fie tarda fene^tus 
 TiTHONUM minuit, cum moles tota cicadam 
 Induit, in gracilem fenfim colle6ta figuram. 
 
 Nunc tamen unde genus ducat, quae dextra latentes 
 Suppeditet vires, quem pofcat turba moventem, 
 Expediam. Truncos opifex et inutile lignum 
 Cogit in humanas fpecies, et robore natam 
 Progeniem tele efforraat, nexuque tenaci 
 
 Crura 
 
P O E M A T A. 409 
 
 Crura ligat pedibus, humerifque accommodat armos, 
 Et membris membra aptat, et artubus infiiit artus. 
 Tunc habiles addit trochleas, quibus arte pufdlum 
 Verfat onus, molique manu famulatus inerti 
 Sufficit occultos motus, vocemque miniftrat. 
 His ftruda auxiliis jam machina tota peritos 
 Oftendit fulcos, duri et veftigia ferri : 
 Hinc falit, atque agili fe fublevat incita motu, 
 Vocefque emittit tenues, et non fua verba. 
 
 Ad InfignifTimum Virum 
 
 D. THO. BURNETTUM, 
 
 Sacr^ Theorise Telluris Autorem. 
 
 NON ufitatum carminis alitem, 
 Burnett E, pofcis, non humiles modos: 
 Vulgare pledrum, languid^eque 
 Refpuis officium camosnse. 
 Tu mixta rerum femina confcius, 
 Molemque cernis diffociabilem, 
 
 Terramque concretam, et latentem 
 Oceanum gremio capaci : 
 Duxn veritatem quaerere pertinax 
 Ignota pandis, follicitus parum 
 
 Vol. I. G g g < Utcunque 
 
4IO P O E M A T A. 
 
 Utcunque {let commune vulgi 
 Arbicrium et popularis error. 
 Auditur ingens continuo fragor, 
 Illapfa tellus lubrica deferit 
 
 Fundamina, et compage frad:a 
 Suppofitas gravis urget undas. 
 Impulfus crumpit medius liquor. 
 Terras aquarum effufa licentia 
 Claudit vicidim j has inter orbis 
 Relliquiae fluitant prioris. 
 Nunc et reclufo carcere lucidam 
 Balxna fpedat folis imaginem, 
 Stellafque miratur natantes, 
 Et tremul^e fimulacra lun^e. 
 Quas pompa vocum non imitabilisf 
 Qualis calefcit fpiritus ingeni! 
 Ut tollis undas! ut frementem 
 Diluvii reprimis tumultumf 
 Quis tam valenti pedtore ferreus 
 Ut non tremifcens et timido pede 
 Incedat, orbis dum dolofi 
 Detegis inftabiles ruinas? 
 Quin h^ec cadentum fragmina montium 
 Natura vultum fumere fimplicem 
 Coget refingens, in priorem 
 Mox iterum reditura formara. 
 Nimbis rubentem fulphureis Jovem 
 Cernasi ut udis faevit atrox hyems 
 Incendiiis, commune mundo 
 Et populis meditata buftum! 
 
 Nudus 
 
POEM AT A. 411 
 
 Nudus liquentes plorat Athos nives, 
 Et mox liquefcens ipfe adamantintini 
 Fundit cacumen, dum per imas 
 Saxa fluunt refoluta valles. 
 Jamque alta coeli moenia cx)rruiint, 
 Et veftra tandem pagina (proh nefas!) 
 Burnett E, veftra augebit ignes, 
 Heu fbcio peritura mundo. 
 Mox squa tellus, mox fubitus viror 
 Ubique rident : En teretem globum f 
 En Ixta vernantis Favoni 
 
 Flamina, perpctuofque floresf 
 O pedtus ingens! O animum gravem, 
 Mundi capacem! fi bonus auguror, 
 Te, noftra quo tellus fuperbit, 
 Accipiet renovata civem. 
 
 g g 2 D I A- 
 
DIALOGUES 
 
 UPON THE 
 
 USEFULNESS 
 
 O F 
 
 ANCIENT MEDALS. 
 
 Efpecially in relation to the 
 
 Latin and Greek Toets. 
 
 •qiioniam hcec Ratio pkrumque "cidetur 
 
 Trijlior c[fe, quibus non ejl traBata, rctroque 
 
 Valgus abhorret ab hac: volui tibifuaviloquen'ti 
 
 Carmine Pierio rationem exponere nojlram, 
 
 Et quaji mufao dulci contingere melle. 
 
 Si tibi forte animiim tali ratione tenerem. Lucretius. 
 
 Printed in the Year MDCCXXX. 
 
[415 3 
 
 VERSES 
 
 OCCASIONED BY 
 
 Mr. A DDISONV Treatife of 
 
 MEDALS. 
 
 SEE the luild ivafle of all-de^vouring years ! 
 Ho'w Rome her onvn fad fepulchre appears:. 
 With nodding arches y broken temples [pre ad I 
 The "very tombs noiu <vanijh'd like their dead I 
 Some felt the jilent flroke of mould'ring age j 
 Somey hojlile fury •, fomey religious rage : 
 Barbarian blindnefsy Chrijlian zeal confpire-. 
 And Papal piety y and Gothick fre. 
 Perhaps by its o'von ruins favd from flame y . 
 Some buryd marble half prefer^ves a Name ; 
 That Namey the learn d <with fierce difputes purfue, . 
 And give to Titus old Vcfpafian'i' due. 
 
 Ambition figh'd. She found it njain to trufi 
 The faithlefs Calumny and the crumbling Bujl j , 
 
 Huge 
 
[ 4i6 ] 
 
 Huge Moles nvhofe froado^ flretch'd from Jhove to Jhrn^ 
 
 Their ruins ferip'd, and their place no more 1 
 
 Confined y jhe fwiu contraBs her "vajl dejign j 
 
 And all her triumphs Jhrifik into a Coin. 
 
 A narrow orh each crowded conquejl keeps -^ 
 
 Beneath her Palm here fad Judcea sweeps j 
 
 Now fcantier limits the proud Arch confine, 
 
 And fear ce are feen the projlrate Nile and Rhine: 
 
 A fmall Euphrates thro the piece is roll'd; 
 
 And little Eagles nua've their wings in Gold. 
 
 The Medal, faithful to its charge of fame, 
 Thro climes and ages hears each form and name : 
 In one Jhort view, fuhjeBed to our eye,] 
 Gods, Emp'rors, Heroes, Sages, Beauties lye. 
 With Jharpend jight pale Antiquaries pore, 
 Th' Infer iption 'value, hut the Rujl adore: 
 This J the Blue vernijh, that, the Green endears, 
 The facred Ruji of twice ten hundred years.. 
 To gain Pefcennius one employs his fchemes ; 
 One grafps a Cecrops in ecjlatic dreams : 
 Poor Vadius, long with learned fpleen denjour'd. 
 Can tajle 710 pleafure Jince his Shield was fcourd; 
 And Curio, rejllefs hy the fair one's Jide^ 
 Sighs for an Otho, and negle&s his Bride. 
 Theirs is the Vanity, the Learning thine. 
 Touched hy thy hand, again RomeV glories Jhine .* 
 Her Gods, ayid godlike Heroes rife to 'view. 
 And all her faded garlands hloom anew. 
 Nor hlufh, thefe jludies thy regard engage j 
 Thefe pleas' d the Fathers of poetic rage ,} 
 
 The 
 
[ 417 ] 
 
 the Verje and Sculpture lore an equal party 
 And Art rejleBed images to Art. 
 
 'when Jhall Britain, confcious of her clainiy 
 Stand emulous of Greek and Roman fame i 
 In Ihing Medals fee her nvars enroll' d. 
 And 'vanquijh'd realms fupply recording Gold ? 
 HerCy rijtng holdy the Patriofs honejl face j 
 There Warriors froivning in hijloric hrafs. 
 Then future ages •with delight Jhall fee, 
 Honv Plato' J, Bacon'x, Ncwton'j looks agree i 
 Or in fair feries lauretd Bards he Jho'wn, 
 A Virgil therey and here an Addifon. 
 Then Jhall Thy Craggs {and let me call him Mine) 
 On the cajl Ore, another Pollio, Jhine j 
 iMth afpeB open Jhall ereB his head. 
 And round the Orh in lajling notes he read. 
 '.' Statefmany yet friend to Truth I in foul Jincere, 
 *' In aFlion faithful, and in honour clear j 
 <* Who Irolce 7W promife, ferv'd no private end, 
 " Who gain d no title y and nvho loji no friend; 
 " Ennohled by Himfelf hy all approvd, 
 *' And praisd, unenvyd, by the Mufe he lov'd. 
 
 A. Pope. 
 
 Vol. I. Hhh D I A- 
 
'y-'^'. 
 
{4IJ ] 
 
 DIALOGUES 
 
 Upon the Ufcfi^/nefs of Ancient Medals. 
 
 DIALOGUE I. 
 
 TNTHIO, Eugemus and Philander had retired together 
 from the town to a country village, that lies upon the 
 Thames. Their defign was to pafs away the heats of the 
 Summer among the tkHi breezes, that rife from the river 
 and the agreeable mixture of fliades and fountains, in which 
 the whole country naturally abounds. They were all 
 three very well verfed in the politer parts of learning, and 
 had travelled into the moll refined nations of Europe: (o that they were ca- 
 pable of entertaining themfelves on a thoufand different fubjeds without run- 
 ning into the common topics of defxming publick parties, or particular per- 
 fons. As they were intimate friends they took the freedom to diflent from 
 one another in difcourfe, or upon occafion to fpeak a Latin fentence without 
 fearing the imputation of pedantry or ill-breeding. 
 
 They were one evening talking together in the fields when their difcourfe 
 accidentally fell upon feveral unprofitable parts of learning. It was Cyntki'\ 
 humour to run down every thing that was rather for oftcntation than ufe. He 
 was ftill preferring good fenfe to arts and fciences, and often took a piea- 
 fure to appear ignorant, that he might the better turn to ridicule thofe that 
 valued themfelves on their books and ftudies, though at the lanie rime one 
 might very well fee that he could not have attacked many parts of learnino- 
 fo fuccefsfully, had not he borrowed his afliiliances from them. After havin? 
 rally 'd a fepor two of Virtuojb's^ he tell upon the Medallijls. 
 
 " 1^ ^^ 2 Thefe 
 
410 Dia'logues upon the Ufefuhefs 
 
 Thefe gentlemen, fays he, value themfelves upon being critics in Ruft, 
 and will undertake to tell you the different ages of it, by its colour. They 
 are poffeffed with a kind of learned avarice, and are for getting together 
 hoards of fuch mony only as was current among the Greeks and Latins. 
 There are feveral of them that are better acquainted with the faces of the 
 Antonines, than of the Stuarts, and would rather chufe to count out a fum 
 in Seflerces, than in pounds rterling. I have heard of one in Italy that ufed 
 to fwear by the head of Otho. Nothing can be pleafanter than to fee a circle 
 thefe Virtuofoj about a cabinet of Medals, defcanting upon the value, rarity 
 and authenticalnefs of the feveral pieces that lie before them. One takes up 
 a coin of gold, and after having well weighed the figures and infcription, 
 tells you very gravely, if it were Brafs, it would be invaluable. Another 
 falls a ringing a Tefcennius Niger, and judicioufly diftinguiflies the found of it 
 to be modern. A third defires you to obferve well the Toga on fuch a re- 
 verfe, and asks you whether you can in confcience believe the ileeve of it to 
 be of the true Roman cut. 
 
 I muft confefs, fays Philander, the knowledge of Medals has moft of thofc 
 difadvantages that can render a fcience ridiculous, to fuch as are not welL 
 verfed in it. Nothing is more eafy than to reprelJbnt as impertinencies any 
 parts of learning that have no immediate relation to the happinefs or conve- 
 nience of mankind. When a man fpends his whole life among the Stars and 
 Planets, or lays out a twelve-month fin the fpots in the Sun, however noble 
 his fpeculations may be, they are very apt to fall into burlefque. But it is 
 flill more natural to laugh at fuch ftudies as are employed on low and vulgar 
 objedls. What curious obfervations have been made on Spiders, Lobllers, 
 and Cockle- fhells ? yet the very naming of them is almoft fufficient to turn 
 them into raillery. It is no wonder therefore that the fcience of Medals, 
 which is charged with fo many unconcerning parts of knowledge, and built 
 on fuch mean materials, fhould appear ridiculous to thofe that have not taken 
 pains to examine it. 
 
 Eugenius was very attentive to what Philander faid on the fubjeft of Me- 
 dals. He was one that endeavoured rather to be agreeable than Ihining in 
 converfation, for which reafon he was more beloved, though not fo much 
 admired as Cynthio. I muft confefs, fays he, I find my felf very much in- 
 clined to fpeak againft a fort of ftudy that I know nothing of. I have how- 
 ever one ftrong prejudice in favour of it, that Philander has thought it worth 
 his while to employ fome time upon it. I am glad then, fays Cynthio, that 
 I have thrown him on a fcience of which I have long wiflied to hear the. 
 Ufefulnefs. There, fays Philander, you muft excufe me. At prefent you do 
 not know but it may have its ufefulnefs. But fhould I endeavour to con- 
 vince 
 
of Ancient Medals. ^ z i 
 
 vince you of if, I might fail in my attempt, and fo render my fcience ftill 
 more contemptible. On the contrary, fays Cynthio^ we are already fo per- 
 fwaded of the unprofitablenefs of your fcience, that you can but leave us 
 where you find us, but if you fucceed you increafe the number of your party. 
 Well, fays Phila?}der, in hopes of making two fuch confiderable profelytes, I 
 am very well content to talk away an evening with you on the fubjedl; but 
 on this condition, that you will communicate your thoughts to me freely 
 when you diffent from me or have any difficulties that you think me capable 
 of removing. To make ufe of the liberty you give us, hys Eugefiius, I muft 
 tell you what I believe furprizes all beginners as well as my felf We. arc 
 apt to think your Medallifts a little fantaftical in the different prices they fet 
 upon their coins, without any regard to the ancient value or the metal of 
 which they are compofed. A filver Medal, for example, fhall be more 
 efteemed than a golden one, and a piece of brafs than either. To anfwer 
 you, fays 'Philafider, in the language of a Medallift, you are not to look up- 
 on a cabinet of Medals as a treafure of mony, but of knowledge, nor mufl 
 you fancy any charms in gold, but in the figures and infcriptions that adorn 
 it. The intrinfic value of an old coin does not confift in its metal but its 
 erudition. It is the Device that has raifed the fpecies, fo that at preJent an 
 As or an Obolus may carry a higher price than a Denarius or a Drachma; 
 and a piece of mony that was not worth a peny fifteen hundred years ago, 
 may be now rated at fifty crowns, or perhaps a hundred guineas. I find, fays 
 Cynthio, that to have a relifh for ancient coins it is neceflary to have a con- 
 tempt of the modern. But I am afraid you will never be able with all your 
 Medallic eloquence, to perfwade Eugenius and my felf that it is better to 
 have a pocket full of Othos and Gordians than of Jacobus's or Louis d'ors. 
 This however we fhall be judges of, when you have let us know the feveral 
 ufes of old coins. 
 
 The firfi: and moft obvious one, fays Philander, is the fliewing us the Faces 
 of all the great perfons of antiquity. A cabinet of Medals is a colledion of 
 pidures in miniature. Juvenal calls them very humoroufly, 
 
 ConciJ'um argentum in titulcs, faciefque minutas. Sat. c. 
 
 You here fee the Alexanders, Cctfars, Fompeys, Trajans, and the whole cata- 
 logue of Heroes ; who have many of them fo dillinguifhed themfelves from 
 the reft of mankind that we almoft look upon them as another fpecies. It is 
 an agreeable amufement to compare in our own thoughts the face of a great 
 Man with the charadler that aurhors have given us of him, and to try if we 
 can find out in his looks and features either the haughty, cruel, or merciful 
 temper that difcovers it felf in the hiftory of his actions. We find too on 
 
 Medals^ 
 
412. Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Medals the reprefentations of Ladies that have given occafion to whole vo- 
 lumes on the account only of a face. We have here the pleafure to examine 
 their looks and dreffes, and to furvey at leifure thofe beauties that have fome- 
 times been the happinefs or mifery of whole kingdoms: Nor do you only 
 meet the faces of fuch as are famous in hiftory, but of feveral whofe Names 
 arc not to be found any where except on Medals. Some of the Emperors, for 
 example, have had Wives, and forae of them Children, that no authors have 
 mentioned. We are therefore obliged to the ftudy of coins for having made 
 new difcoveries to the learned, and given them information of fuch perfons 
 as are to be met with on no other kind of records. You muft give me leave, 
 fays* Cynthio, to rejed this laft ufe of Medals. I do not think it worth while 
 to trouble my felfwith a perfon's name or face that receives all his reputati- 
 on from the mint, and would never have been known in the world had there 
 not been fuch things as Medals. A man's memory finds fufficient employ- 
 ment on fuch as have really fignalized themfelves by their great actions, with- 
 out charging it fclf with the names of an, infignificant people whofe whole 
 hiftory is written on the edges of an old coin. 
 
 If you are only for fuch perfons as have made a noife in the world, fays 
 Philander^ you have on Medals a long lift of heathen Deities, diftinguifhed 
 from each other by their proper titles and ornaments. You fee the copies of 
 feveral ftatues that have had the politeft nations of the world fall down be- 
 fore them'. You have here too feveral perfons of a more thin and fliadowy 
 nature, as. Hope, Conftancy, Fidelity, Abundance, Honour, Virtue, Eternity, 
 Juftice, Moderation, Happinefs, and in fhort a whole creation of the like ima- 
 ginary fubftances. To thefe you may add the Genies of nations, provinces, 
 cities, high-ways, and the like Allegorical Beings. In devices of this nature 
 one fees a pretty poetical invention, and may often find as much thought on 
 the reverfe of a Medal as in a Canto of Spe77jer. Not to interrupt you, fays 
 Eiigenhis^ I fancy it is this ufe of Medals that has recommended them to fe- 
 veral hiftory-painters, who perhaps without this affiftance would have found 
 it very difficult to have invented fuch an airy fpecies of beings, when they 
 are obliged to put a moral virtue into colours, or to find out a proper drefs 
 for a paflion. It is doubtlefs for this reafon, fays Philander, that Painters 
 have not a little contributed to bring the ftudy of Medals in vogue. For not 
 to mention feveral others, Caraccio is faid to have affifted Aretine by defigns 
 that he took from the Spintria of 'Tiberius. Raphael had throughly ftudied 
 the figures on old Coins. Patin tells us that Le Brun had done the fame. 
 And it is well known that Rubais had a noble colledion of Medals in his own 
 poffefTion. But I muft not quit this head before I tell you, that you fee on 
 Medals not only the names and perfons of Emperors, Kings, Confuls, Pro- 
 
 confuls. 
 
of Ancient Medals. 415 
 
 confuls. Praetors, and the like charadlers of importance, but of fomc of the 
 Poets, and of feveral who had won the prizes at the Olympick games. It 
 was a noble time, fays Cynthio, when Trips and Cornijh hugs could make a 
 man immortal. How many Heroes would Moor-fields have furnifhed out in 
 the days of old ? A fellow that can now only win a hat or a belt, had he 
 lived among the Greeks, might have had his face ftampt upon their Coins. 
 But theie were the wife ancients, who had more efleem for a Milo than a 
 Homer, and heapt up greater Honours on Pindar's Jockies, than on the 
 Poet himfelf But by this time I fuppofe you have drawn up all your medallic 
 people, and indeed they make a much more formidable body than I could 
 have imagined. You have fliewn us all conditions, fexes and ages, emperors 
 and emprcfles, men and children, gods and wreftlers. Nay you have con- 
 jured up perfons that exift no where elfe but on old Coins, and have made 
 our Paffions and Virtues and Vices vifible. I could never have thought that 
 a cabinet of Medals had been fo well peopled. But in the next place, fays 
 Philander, as we fee on coins the different Faces of perfons, we fee on them 
 too their different Habits and Dreffes, according to tiic mode that prevailed 
 in the feveral ages when the Medals were ftampt. This is another ufe, fays 
 Cynthio, that in my opinion contributes rather to make a man learned than 
 wife, and is neither capable of pleafing the underftanding or imagination. I 
 know there are feveral fupercilious Critics that will treat an author with the 
 greateft contempt imaginable, if he fancies the old Romans wore a girdle, and 
 arc amazed at a man's ignorance, who believes the Toga had any Sleeves to 
 it till the declenfion of the Roman Empire. Now I would fain know the 
 great importance of this kind of learning, and why it fhould not be as noble 
 a task to write upon a Bib and hanging-fleeves, as on the Bulla and Pr^- 
 texta. The reafon is, that we are familiar with the names of the one, and 
 meet with the other no where but in learned authors. An Antiquary will 
 fcorn to mention a pinner or a night-rail, a petticoat or a manteau; but will 
 talk as gravely as a father of the church on the Vitta and Teplus, the Stola 
 and Injiita. How would an old Roman laugh, were it poflible for him to 
 fee the folemn diflertations that have been made on thefe weighty fubjeds- 
 To fet them in their natural light, let us fancy, if you pleafe, that about a 
 thoufand years hence, fome profound author (hall write a learned treatife on 
 the Habits of the prefent age, diftinguiftied into the following Titles and 
 Chapters. 
 
 Of the old Britifti Tr(nvfer. 
 
 Of the Ruff and Collar-band. 
 
 The opinion of feveral learned men concerning the ufe of the Shoulder-knot. 
 
 Such a one mifiaktn in his account of the Surtout, kc. 
 
4Z4 D I A L o GU E s Upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 I nuifl confefs, fays Eugenius interrupting him, the knowledge of thefe af- 
 fairs is in it felf very little improving, but as it is impoffible without it to 
 undcrftand feveral parts of your ancient authors, it certainly hath its ufe. It 
 is pity indeed there is not a nearer way of coming at it. I have fometimes 
 fancied it would not be an impertinent defign to make a kind of an old Ro^ 
 man wardrobe, where you fliould fee Togas and Tunica's, the Chlamys and 
 Trahea, and in fliort all the different vefts and ornaments that are fo often 
 mentioned in the Greek znd Roman authors. By this means a man would com- 
 prehend better and remember much longer the fhape of an ancient garment, 
 than he poffibly can from the help of tedious quotations and defcriptions. The 
 defign, fays Philander, might be very ufeful, but after what models would 
 vou work ? SigoniuSf for example, will tell you that the Feftis Trabeata was 
 of fuch a particular fafliion, Scaliger is for another, and Dacier thinks them 
 both in the wrong. Thefe are, fays Cynthio, I fuppofe the names of three 
 Roman taylors: for is it pofTible men of learning can have any difputes of 
 this nature? May not we as well believe that hereafter the whole learned 
 world will be divided upon the make of a modern pair of breeches ? And 
 yet, fays Eiigenius, the Critics have fallen as foul upon each other for mat- 
 ters of the fame moment. But as to this point, where the Make of a gar- 
 ment is controverted, let them, if they can find cloth enough, work after all 
 the moft probable fafhions. To enlarge the defign, I would have another 
 room for the old Roman inftruments of war, where you might fee the Pilum 
 and the (hield, the eagles, enfigns, helmets, battering-rams and trophies, ia 
 a word, all the ancient military furniture in the fame manner as it might 
 have been in an Arfenal of old Rome. A third apartment fhould be a kind of 
 Sacriftie for altars, idols, facrificing inftruments, and other religious utenfils. 
 Not to be tedious, one might make a magazine for all forts of antiquities, 
 that would {how a man in an afternoon more than he could learn out of 
 books in a twelve-month. This would cut fhort the whole ftudy of anti- 
 quities, and perhaps be much more ufeful to Univerfities than thofe colledli- 
 ons of Whale-bone and Crocodile-skins in which they commonly abound. 
 You will find it very difficult, fays Cynthio, to perfuade thofe focieties of 
 learned men to fall in with your projedl. They will tell you that things of 
 this importance muft not be taken on truft j you ought to learn them among 
 the Claffic Authors and at the fountain-head. Pray confider what a figure a 
 man would make in the republick of letters, fliould he appeal to your 
 Univerfity-wardrobe, when you expedl a fentence out of the Re Vejliaria t 
 or how do you think a man that has read Vegetiiis will relifh your Roman 
 Arfenal ? In the mean time, fays Philander, you find on Medals every thing 
 that you could meet with in your magazine of antiquities, aad when you 
 
 have 
 
of Amtent Medals. 42; 
 
 have built your arfenals, wardrobes, and facrifties, it is from Medals that you 
 muft fetch their furniture. It is here too that you fee the figures of feveral 
 inftruments of mufick, mathematics and mechanics. One might make an 
 entire gaily out of the plans that are to be met with on the reverfes of feve- 
 ral old Coins. Nor are they only charged with Things but with many an- 
 cient Cuftoms, as facrifices, triumphs, congiaries, allocutions, decurfions, 
 ledlifterniums, and a thoufand other antiquated names and ceremonies that 
 we ftiould not have had fo juft a notion of, were they not flill preferved on 
 Coins. I might add under this head of antiquities, that we find on Medals 
 the manner of fpelling in the old Roman infcriptions. That is, fays Cynthio, we 
 find that Felix is never written an ce dipthongue, and that in Augufim\ days Ci- 
 vi'y ftood for Gives, with other fecrets in Orthography of the fame importance. 
 
 To come then to a more weighty ufe, fays PhilajiJer, it is certain that 
 ISfedals give a very great light to hiftory, in confirming fuch pafTages as are 
 true in old Authors, in fettling fuch as are told after different manners, and 
 in recording fuch as have been omitted. In th'i^cafe a cabinet of Medals is 
 a body of hiftory. It was indeed the beft way in the world to perpetuate 
 the memory of great a<flions, thus to coin out the life of an Emperor, and 
 to put every great exploit into the mint. It was a kind of Printine, before 
 the art was invented. It is by this means that Monfieur Vaillant has difem- 
 broiled a hiftory that was loft to the world before his time, and out of a (hort 
 colledlion of Medals has given us a chronicle of the Kings of Syria. For this 
 too is an advantage Medals have over books, that they tell their ftory much 
 quicker, and fum up a whole volume in twenty or thirty reverfes. They are 
 indeed the beft epitomes in the world, and let you fee witii one cdft of an eye 
 the fubftance of above a hundred pages. Another ufe of Medals is, that 
 they not only ihew you the adions of an Emperor, but at the fame time 
 mark out the year in which they were performed. Every exploit has its 
 date fet to it. A fcries of an Emperor's Coins is his life digefted into an- 
 nals. Hiftorians feldom break tlieir relation with a mixture of chronology, 
 "nor diftribute the particulars of an Emperor's ftory into the feveral years of 
 his reign : or where they do it they often differ in their feveral periods. Here 
 therefore it is much fafer to quote a Medal than an Author, for in this cafe 
 you do not appeal to a Suetonius or a Lampridius, but to the Emperor him- 
 fclf, or to the whole body of a Roman Senate. Befides that a Coin is in no 
 danger of having its characflers altered by copiers and tranfcribers. This I 
 muft confefs, (nysCynfbio, may in fome cafes be of great moment, but confider- 
 ing the fubjedts on which your chronologers are generally employed, I fee 
 but little ufe that rifes from it. For example, what fignifies it to the world 
 whether fuch an Elephant appeared in the Amphi-theatre in the fecond or the 
 
 Vo L. I. I i i third 
 
^.i6 Dialogues upon the Ufifulnefs 
 
 third year of Domitian? Or what am I the wifer for knowing that Trajan was 
 in the fifth year of his Tribunefliip when he entertained the people with 
 fuch a Horfe-race or Bull-baiting? Yet it is the fixing of thefe great periods 
 that gives a man the firft rank in the republic of letters, and recommends 
 him to the world for a perfon of various reading and profound erudition. 
 
 You mufi: always give your men of great reading leave to fhow their ta- 
 lents on the meanefl fubjeds, fays Eugcnius; it is a kind of fliooting at ro- 
 vers: where a man lets fly his arrow without taking any aim, to (hew his 
 flrength. But there is one advantage, fiys he, turning to Thilander, that 
 feems to me very confiderable, although you Medalliils feldom throw it into 
 the account, which is the great help to memory one finds in Medals: for my 
 own part I am very much embarraffed in the names and ranks of the feveral 
 Ronian Emperors, and find it difficult to recollect upon occafion the different 
 parts of their hiflory : but your Medallifls upon the firil naming of an Ent- 
 peror will immediately tell you his age, family and life. To remember 
 where he enters in the fuccefTion, they only confider in what part of the 
 cabinet he lies ; and by running over in their thoughts fuch a particular 
 drawer will give you an account of all the remarkable parts of his reign. 
 
 I thank you, fays Philande}-, for helping mc to an ufe that perhaps I fhould 
 not have thought on. But there is another of which I am fure you could 
 not but be fenfible when you were at Rome. I mufl own to you it furpriz- 
 cd me to fee my Cicerofii fo well acquainted with the bufi:s and flatues of all 
 the great people of antiquity. There was not an Emperor or Emprefs but 
 he knew by fight, and as he was feldom without Medals in his pocket, he 
 would often fliew us the fame face on an old Coin that we faw in the Statue. 
 He would difcover a Commodus through the difguife of the club and lion's 
 skin, and find out fuch a one to be Liiia that was dreffed up like a Ceres. 
 Let a buft be never fo disfigured, they have a thoufand marks by which to 
 decipher it. They will know a Zenobia by the fitting of her Diadem, and 
 will diftinguifh the Faujiinas by their different way of tying up their hair, 
 oil ! Sir, fays Cynthio, they will go a great deal farther, they will give you . 
 the name and titles of a Statue that has lofl his nofe and ears j or if there is 
 but half a beard remaining, will tell you at firft fight who was the owner of 
 it. Now I mufl confefs to you, I ufed to fancy they impofed upon me an 
 Emperor or Emprefs at pleafure, rather than appear ignorant. 
 
 All this however is eafily learnt from Medals, fays Philander, where you 
 may fee likewife the plans of many the mofl confiderable buildings of Old 
 Rome. There is an ingeniousGentleman of our own nation extremely well verfed ' 
 in this fludy who has a defign of publifhing the whole hiflory of Archite- 
 dure, with its feveral improvements and decays, as it is to be met with on an- 
 cient 
 
of Ancient Medals. 417 
 
 •cicnt Coins. He has afTured me that he has obferved all the nicety of pro- 
 portion in the figures of the different orders that compofe the buildings on 
 the befl preferved Medals. You here fee the copies of fuch Ports and 
 triumphal Arches as there are not the leaft traces of in the places where they 
 once flood. You have here the models of feveral ancient Temples, thou-^h 
 the Temples themfelves, and the Gods that were worihipped in them, are 
 perifhed many hundred years ago. Or if there are flill any foundations or 
 ruines of former edifices, you may learn from Coins what was their Archite- 
 dure when they flood whole and entire. Thefe are buildings which the Goth 
 and Vandals could not demolilh, that are infinitely more durable than flone 
 or marble, and will perhaps lafl as long as the' earth it felf. They are in fliort 
 fo many real monuments of Brafs, 
 
 ^od non iinber edax non aquilo impotem 
 PoJJit diruere, aut innumerabilis 
 Awioruinferics, etfuga temper urn. 
 
 Which eating fliow'rs, nor northwind's feeble blafl. 
 
 Nor whirle of time, nor flight of years can wafle. Mr. Creech. 
 
 This is a noble Panegyric on an old copper Coin, fays Cynthio. But I am 
 afraid a little malicious rufl: would dcmolifh one of your brazen edifices as ef- 
 fedlually as a Goth or Vandal. You would laugh at me, fays Philander, fliould 
 I make you a learned diflertation on the nature of Rufls. I fliall only tell 
 you there are two or three forts of them which are extremely beautiful in 
 the eye of an Antiquary, and preferve a Coin better than the befl artificial 
 vernifli. As for other kinds, a skilful Medallifl knows very well how to deal 
 with them. He will recover you a Temple or a triumphal Arch out of 
 its rubbifh, if I may fo call it, and with a few reparations of the graving tool 
 reflore it to its firfl fplendour and magnificence. I have known an Emperor 
 quite hid under a crufl of drofs, who after two or three days cleanfing has 
 appeared with all his Titles about him as frefli and beautiful as at his firft 
 coming out of the Mint. I am forry, fays Eugeniiis, I did not know this lafl 
 life of Medals when I was at Rctne. It might perhaps have given me a 
 greater tafle of its Antiquities, and have fixed in my memory feveral of the 
 ruines that I have now forgotten. For my parr, fays Cynthio, I think there 
 are at Ro?nc enow modern works of Archittillure to employ any rcafonable 
 man. I never could have a tafle for old bricks and rubbifh, nor would trou- 
 ble my felf about the ruines of Augi<Jlus% Palace fo long as I could fee the 
 Vatican^ the Borghefe, and the Farnefe as they now fland -, I mufl own to 
 you at the fame time this is talking like an ignorant mm. Were I in other 
 company I would perhaps change my flyle, and tell them that I would ra- 
 
 I i i 2 ther 
 
42.8 Dialogues upon the Vjeftdnefs 
 
 ther fee the fragments of Apollo'^ Temple than St. Peter's. I remembef when 
 our Antiquary at jRow^ had led us a whole day together from one ruine to an- 
 other, he at lafl: brought us to the Rotimda ; And this, fays he, is the moft: 
 valuable Antiquity in Italy^ notwithftanding it is fo entire. 
 
 The fame kind of fancy, fays Phila?ider, has formerly gained upon feveral 
 of your Medallifts, who were for hoording up fuch pieces of money only as 
 had been half confumed by time or ruft. There were no Coins pleafed them 
 more than thofc which had pafTed through the hands of an old Roman Clip- 
 per. I have read an Author of this tafte that compares a ragged Coin to a 
 tattered Colours. But to come again to our fubjeft. As we find on Medals 
 the plans of feveral buildings that are now demoliftied, we fee on them too 
 the Models of many ancient Statues that are now loft. There are feveral 
 Reverfes which are owned to be the reprefentations of antique figures, and" I 
 queftion not but there are many others that were formed on the like Models, 
 though at prefent they lie under no fufpicion of it. The Hercules Farnefe^ 
 the Venus of Medicis, the Apollo in the Belvidera, and the famous Marcus 
 Aurelius on horfe-back, which are perhaps the four moft beautiful Statues 
 extant, make their appearance all of them on ancient Medals, though the 
 figures that reprefent them were never thought to be the copies of ftatues till 
 the ftatues themfelves W£re difcovered. There is no queftion, I think, but 
 the fame reflexion may extend it felf to antique Pidlures : for I doubt not but 
 in the defigns of feveral Greek Medals in particular, one might often fee the 
 hand of an Apelles or Protogenes, were we as well acquainted with their works 
 as we are with Titian's or Vandike's. I might here make a much greater 
 ftiow of the ufefulnefj of Medals, if I would take the method of others^ 
 and prove to you that all arts and fciences receive a confiderable illuftration 
 ■from this ftudy. I muft however tell you, that Medals and the Civil Law, 
 as we are afllired by thofe who are well read in both, give a confiderable light 
 to each other, and that feveral old Coins are like fo many maps for explain- 
 ing of the ancient Geography. But befides the more folid parts of learning, 
 there are feveral little intimations to be met with on Medals that are very ' 
 pleafant to fuch as are converfant in this kind of ftudy. Should I tell you 
 gravely, that without the help of Coins we fhould never have known which 
 was the firft of the Emperors that wore a beard, or rod in ftirrups, I might 
 turn my fcience into ridicule. Yet it is certain there are a thoufand little im,- 
 pertinencies of this nature that are very gratifying to curiofity, tho' perhaps 
 not very improving to the underftanding. To fee the drefs that fuch an Em^- 
 prcfs delighted to be drawn in, the titles that were moft agreeable to fuch 
 an Emperor, the fiatteries that he lay moft open to, the honours that he 
 paid to his children, wives, predeceffors, friends or collegues, with the like 
 
 particu- 
 
of Anctent Medals. 410 
 
 particularities only to be met with on Medals, are certainly not a little plea- 
 fing to that inquilitive temper which is fo natural to the mind of man. 
 
 I declare to you, lays Cynthio, you have aftonifhed me with the feveral 
 parts of knowledge, that you have dilcovered on Medals. I could never fancy 
 before this evening, that a Coin could have any nobler ufe in it than to pay a 
 reckoning. 
 
 You have not heard all yet, fays Philander, there is ftill an advantage to 
 be drawn from Medals, which I am fure will heighten your efteem for them. 
 It is indeed an ufe that no body has hitherto dwelt upon. If any of the An- 
 tiquaries have touched upon it, they have immediately quitted it, without 
 confidering it in its full latitude, light and extent. Not to keep you in fu- 
 fpence, I think there is a great affinity between Coins and Poetry, and that 
 your Medallift and Critic are much nearer related than the world generally 
 imagines. A reverfe often clears up the pafTage of an old poet, as the poet 
 often ferves to unriddle a reverfe. I could be longer on this head, but 1 fear 
 I have already tired you. Nay, fays Eugenius, fince you have gone fo far 
 with us, we muft beg you to finifh your ledlure, efpecially fince you are on 
 a fubjeft, that I dare promife you will be very agreeable to Cynthio, who is 
 fo profefled an admirer of the ancient poets. I mufl only warn you, that 
 you do not charge your Coins with more ufes than they can bear. It is ge- 
 nerally the method of fuch as are in love with any particular fcience to di- 
 fcover all others in it. Who would imagine, for example, that archite- 
 fture fhould comprehend the knowledge of hiftory, ethics, mufic, aftrono- 
 my, natural philofophy, phyfic and the civil law ? Yet Fitruvius will give 
 you his reafons, fuch as they are, why a good architcd is mafter of thefe fe- 
 veral arts and fciences. Sure, fays Cynthio, Martial had never read Fitruvius 
 when he threw the Cryer and the Architect into the fame clafs. 
 
 Durifi puer ingeni videtur 
 Praconem facias vei architeSium. 
 
 If of dull parts the ftripling you fufpedt, 
 A herald make him, or an archited:. 
 
 But to give you an inftance out of a very celebrated difcourfe on poetry, bc- 
 caufc we are on that fubjed:, of an author's finding out imaginary beauties in 
 his own art. / have obferved, fays he, (fpeaking of the natural pro- j/^^ 
 penfion that all men have to numbers and harmony) that my barber vWlbus 
 has often combed my head in DaByls and Spondees, that is, icith two ^y'^""- 
 foort flrokes and a long one, or with two long ones fuccefjively. Nay, fays he, / have 
 kmwn him fometimes run even into Pyrrhicbiuss and Anapoejius's. This you 
 
 will 
 
430 Dialogues upon the UJefulnefs 
 
 will think perhaps a very extravagant fancy, but I muft own I fliould as foon 
 expeft to find the Projbdia in a Comb as Poetry in a Medal, Before I endea- 
 vour to convince you of it, i'ays Philant^er, I muft confefs to you that this fai- 
 ence has its vifionaries as well as all others. There are feveral, for exam- 
 ple, that will find a myftery in every tooth of Neptune % trident, and are 
 amazed at the wifdom of the ancients that reprefented a thunder-bolt with 
 three forks, fince, they will tell you, nothing could have better explained 
 its triple quality of piercing, burning and melting. I have feen a long di- 
 fcourfe on the figure and mature of horn, to fhew it was impoffible to have 
 found out a fitter emblem for plenty than the Cornu-copice. Thefe are a fort 
 of auithors who fcorn to take up with appearances, and fancy an interpre- 
 tation vulgar when it is natural. What could have been more proper to 
 fhew the beauty and friendfliip of the Three Graces, than to reprefent them 
 naked and knitc together in a kind of dance?. It is thus they always appear 
 in ancient fculpture, whetlier on Medals or in Marble, as I doubt noc but 
 Horace alludes to defigns of this nature, when he defcribcs them after the 
 fame manner. 
 
 • Gratia 
 
 JimSlis nudafororikis: 
 
 Segnefque nodum fohere Gratia. 
 
 The Si^cv-Graces hand in hand 
 Conjoin'd by love's eternal band. 
 
 Several of your Medallifts will be here again aftonifhed at the wifdom of the 
 ancients, that knew how to couch fuch excellent precepts of morality under 
 vifible objedls. The nature of Gratitude, they will tell you, is better illu- 
 flrated by this finglc device, than by Seneca?, whole book de Benejiciis. The 
 three Graces teach us three things. I. To remark the doing of a courtefie. 
 II, The return of it from the receiver. III. The obligation of the receiver 
 to acknowledge it. The three Graces are always hand in hand, to fliow us 
 that thefe three duties fliould be never feparated. They are naked, to ad- 
 monifh us that Gratitude fliould be returned with a free and open heart; and 
 dancing, to fhew us that no virtue is more adlive than Gratitude. May not 
 we here fay with Lucretius ? 
 
 ^a bene et eximie quanquam difpqfta ferantur. 
 Sunt huge tamen a vera ratione repulfa. 
 
 It is an eafy thing, fays Eugenius, to find out defigns that never entered into 
 the thoughts of the Iculptor o? the coiner. I dare fay, the fame Gentlemen 
 
 who 
 
of Ancient Medals. 43 i 
 
 who have fixed this piece of morality on the three naked Sifters, dancing 
 hand in hand, would have found out as good a one for them, had there been 
 four of them fitting at a diftance from each other, and covered from head to 
 foot. It is here therefore, fays Philander, that the old poets ftep in to the af- 
 fiftance of the Medallift, when they give us the fame thought in words as 
 the mafters of the Roman mint have done in figures. A man may fee a me- 
 taphor or an allegory in pidlure, as well as read them in a defcription. When 
 therefore I confront a Medal with a Verfe, I only fliew you the fame defign 
 executed by different hands, and appeal from one mafter to another of the fame 
 age and tafte. This is certainly a much furer way than to build on the in- 
 terpretations of an author who does not confider how the ancients ufed to 
 think, but will be ftill inventing myfteries and applications out of his own 
 fancy. To make my felf more intelligible, I find a fliield on the reverfe 
 of an Emperor's Coin, defigned as a compliment to him from the fenate of 
 Rome. I meet with the fame metaphor in ancient poets to exprefs protedion 
 or defence. I conclude therefore that this Medal compliments the Emperor 
 in the fame fenfe as the old Romans did their Dictator Falrius when they call- 
 ed him the Buckler of Rotne. Put this reverfe now if you pleafe into the 
 hands of a myftical antiquary: He fliall tell you that the ufe of the fliield 
 being to defend the body from the weapons of an enemy, it very aptly flia- 
 dows out to us the rcfolution or continence of the Emperor, which made 
 him proof to all the attacks of fortune or of pleafure. In the next place, the 
 figure of the fliield being round it is an emblem of perfedtion, for Arijlotk 
 has faid the round figure is the mofl: pcrfeft. It may likewife fignify the im- 
 mortal reputation that the Emperor has acquired by his great adtions, ro- 
 tundity being an emblem of eternity that has neither beginning nor end. Af- 
 ter this I dare not anfwcr for the fliield's convexity that it does not cover a 
 myftery, nay there fliall not be the leaft wrinkle or flourifli upon it which 
 will not turn to fome account. In this cafe therefore * Poetry being in fome 
 refpeds an Art of defigning as well as Painting or Sculpture, they may ferve 
 as Comments on each other. I am very well fatisfied, fays Eugenius, by what 
 you have faid on this fubjedl:, that the Foers may contribute to the explicati- 
 on of fuch reverfes as are purely emblematical, or when the perfons are of 
 that fliadowy allegorical nature you have before mentioned, but I fuppofc 
 there are many other reverfes that reprefcnt things and perfons of a more real 
 exiftence. In this cafe too, fays Philander, a Poet lets you into the know- 
 ledge of a device better than a Profe-writer, as his defcriptions are often 
 more diftufe, his ftory more naturally circumftanccd, and his language en- 
 riched with a greater variety of epithets: Sothat you often meet with little 
 
 hints 
 
 * Poema ejl pidura losuax. 
 
4$ t Dialogues upo^i the Ufefulnefs 
 
 hints and fuggeftions in a Poet that give a great illuftration to the cuftoms, 
 adions, ornaments, and all kinds of Antiquities that are to be met with on 
 ancient Coins. I fancy, fays Cyuthio, there is nothing more ridiculous than 
 an Antiquary's reading the Greek or Latin Poets. He never thinks of the 
 beauty of the thought or language, but is for fearching into what he calls the 
 Erudition of the Author. He will turn you over all Firgil to find out the 
 figure of an old Rojirum, and has the greateft eftcem imaginable for Homery 
 becaufe he has given us the fafliion of a Greek fcepter. It is jndeed odd 
 enough to confider how all kinds of Readers find their account in the old 
 Poets. Not only your men of the more refined or folid parts of Learning, but 
 even your Alchymifl and Fortune-teller will difcover the fecrets of their art in 
 Homer and Firgil. This, fays Eugenius, is a prejudice of a very ancient {land- 
 ing. -Read but Plutarch's difcourfe on Horner^ and you will fee that the 
 Iliad contains the whole circle of arts, and that I'hales and Pythagoras ftole 
 all their philofophy out of this Poet's works. One would be amazed to fee 
 what pains he takes to prove that Homer underftood all the figures in Rhe- 
 toric, before they were invented. I do not queftion, fays Philander, were it 
 poffible for Homer to read his praifes in this Author, but he would be as 
 much furprized as ever Monfieur 'Jourdain was when he found he had talked 
 Profe all his life-time without ever knowing what it was. But to finifli the 
 task you have fet me, we may obferve that not only the Virtues, and the 
 like imaginary perfons, but all the heathen Divinities appear generally in the 
 fame Drefs among the Poets that they wear in Medals. I mufl confefs, I 
 believe both the one and the other took the Mode from the ancient Greek 
 Statuaries. It will not perhaps be an improper tranfition to pafs from the 
 heathen gods to the feveral monfters of antiquity, as Chimaras, Gorgons^ 
 Sj^hinxes^ and many others that " make the fame figure in verfe as on coins. 
 It often happens too, that the Poet and the Senate of Rome have both 
 chofen the fame Topic to flatter their Emperor upon, and have fometimes 
 fallen upon the fame thought. It is certain, they both of them lay upon the 
 catch for a great action : It is no wonder therefore, that they were often en- 
 gaged on one fubjedt, the Medal and the Poem being nothing elfe but occafi- 
 onal compliments to the Emperor. Nay, I queftion not but you may fome- 
 times find certain paflages among the Poets that relate to the particular device 
 of a Medal. 
 
 I wonder, fays Eugenius, that your Medallifts have not been as diligent in 
 fearching the Poets as the Hiftorians, fince I find they are fo capable of en- 
 lightning their art. I would have fome body put the Mufes under a kind of 
 contribution to furnifh out whatever they have in them that bears any rela- 
 ition to Coins. Though they taught us but the fame things 'that might be 
 
 learnt 
 
 I 
 
of Ancient Medals. 4jj 
 
 learnr in other writings, they would at leaft teach us more agreeably, and 
 draw feveral over to the ftudy of Medals that would rather be inftrudted in 
 verfe than in profe. I am glad, fays Philander, to hear you of this opinion, 
 for to tell you truly, when I was at Rotney I took occafion to buy up many 
 Imperial Medals that have any affinity with paflages of the ancient Poets. So 
 that I have by me a fort of poetical Cafh, which I fancy I could count over 
 to you in Latin and Greek verfe. If you will drink a diQi of Tea with me 
 to-morrow morning, I will lay my whole colledion before you. I cannot 
 tell, fays Cynthio, how the Poets will fucceed in the explication of coins, to 
 which they are generally very great flrangers. We are however obliged to 
 you for preventing us with the offer of a kindnefs that you might well ima- 
 gine we fliould have asked you. 
 
 Our three friends had been fo intent on their difcourfe, that they had ram- 
 bled very far into the fields without taking notice of it.- Philander firft: put 
 them in mind, that unlefs they turned back quickly they would endanger be- 
 ing be-nighted. Their converfation ran infenfibly into other fubjefts, but as 
 I defign only to report fuch parts of it as have any relation to Medals, I ftiall 
 leave them to return home as faft as they pleafe, without troubling my felf 
 with their talk on the way thither, or with their ceremonies at parting. 
 
 DIALOGUE IL 
 
 SOME of the fineft treatifes of the moft: polite Latin and Grf^/^ writers arc 
 in Dialogue, as many very valued pieces of French, Italian, and E?iglijh 
 appear in the fame drcfs. I have fometimes however been very much 
 dlftafted at this way of writing, by reafon of the long prefaces and exordiums 
 into which it often betrays an Author. There is fo much time taken up in 
 ceremony, that before they enter on their fubjedt the Dialogue is half ended. 
 To avoid the fault I have found in others, I fhall not trouble my felf nor my 
 Reader with the firft falutes of our three friends, nor with any part of their 
 difcourfe over the Tea-table. We will fuppofe the China diflies taken off", 
 and a Drawer of Medals fupplying their room. Philander, who is to be -the 
 Heroe of my Dialogue, takes it in his hand, and addrefling himfelf to Cyn- 
 thio and Eugenius, I will firft of all, fays he, fhow you an allembly of the 
 moft virtuous Ladies that you have ever perhaps convcrfed with. I do not 
 know, fays Cynthio, regarding them, what their virtue may be, but methinks 
 they are a little fantaftical in their drefs. You will find, fays Philander, there 
 Vol. I. K k k is 
 
434 Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 is good fenfe in it. They have not a fingle ornament that they cannot Vive a 
 reafon for. I was going to ask you, fays Eugenius, in what country you find 
 thefe Ladies. But I fee they are fome of thofe imaginary perfons you told 
 us of lafl; night that inhabit old Coins, and appear no where elfe but on the 
 revcrfe of a Medal. Their proper Country, fays Philander, is the breafl: of 
 a good man: for I think they are mofl of them the figures of Virtues, It is 
 a great compliment methinks to the fex, fays Cynthio, that your Virtues are ge- 
 nerally fhown in petticoats. I can give no other reafon for it, fays Philander^ 
 but becaufe they chanced to be of the feminine gender in the learned lan- 
 guages. You find however fomething bold and mafculine in the air and po- 
 ^"'fi fture of the firfi: figure, which is that of Virtue her felf, and agrees very 
 P'igure I. well v/ith the defcription we find of her in Siliia It aliens.) 
 
 Virtutis difpar habitus, frons hirta, nee unquam ^ 
 
 Compofitd milt at a coma, ftans vultiis, et ore 
 
 Inceffiique viro propior, Icetique pudoris, 
 
 Celfa humeris, nivece Julgeb at Jl amine p alias. Sfl, It, Li. i^. 
 
 A different form did Virtue wear. 
 Rude from her forehead fell th'unplaited hair, 
 V^ith dauntlefs mien aloft flie rear'd her head, 
 And next to manly was the virgin's tread ; 
 Her height, her fprightly blufli, the Goddefs fhow^. 
 And robes unfuUied as the falling fnow. 
 
 Virtue and Honour had their Temples bordering on each other, and are fome- 
 Fig- a- times both on the fame coin, as in the following one of Galba. Silius Ita- 
 licus makes them companions in the glorious equipage that he gives his 
 Virtue. 
 
 Mecum Honor, et Laudes, et lato Gloria "vultUy [Virtus loquitur. 
 
 Et Decus, et niveis ViBoria concolor alls. Ibid. 
 
 With me the foremoft place let Hotiour gain, {Virtue fpeaku 
 
 Fame, and the Praifes mingling in her train ; 
 Gay Glory next, and ViSlory on high. 
 White like my felf, on fnowy wings fhall fly. 
 
 jTm cujus placido pofuere in peBore fedem 
 
 Blandus Honos, hilarifque (tamen cum pondere) Virtus. Stat. Sil. I. 2. 
 
 The head of Honour is crowned with a Laurel, as Martial has adorned his 
 Glory after the fame manner, which indeed is hut another name for the fame 
 perfon. 
 
 Mitte coronatas Gloria majla comas. I 
 
of Ancient Medals. 4Hj^ 
 
 I find, fays Cynthio, the Latins mean Courage by the figure of Virtue, as well 
 as by the word it felf. Courage was efteemed the greateft perfefliion among 
 them, and therefore went under the name of Virtue in general, as the mo- 
 dern Italians give the fame name on the fame account to the Knowledge 
 of Curiofities. Should a Rotnan Painter at prefent draw the pifture of Vir- 
 tue, inftead of the Spear and Paratonium that flie bears on old coins, he 
 would give her a Buft in one hand and a Fiddle in the other. 
 
 The next, fays Philander, is a Lady of a more peaceful charader, and had Fig. 3. 
 her Temple at Rome. 
 
 Salutato crepitat Concordia nido. 
 
 She is often placed on the reverfe of an Imperial coin to fliowthe good under- 
 flanding between the Emperor and the Emprefs. She has always 3.Corm-copia 
 in her hand, to denote that Plenty is the fruit of Concord. After this fliort 
 account of the Goddefs, I defire you will give me your opinion of the Deity 
 that is defcribed in the following verfes of Seneca, who would have her pro- 
 pitious to the marriage of J a/on and Creufa. He mentions her by her quali- 
 ties, and not by her name. 
 
 Afperi 
 
 Martis fangtdneas qua cohibet manus, 
 
 S}ua dut belligeris fcedera gentibuSy * 
 
 £/ cornu retinet divite copiam. Sen. Med. Adl. r. 
 
 Who fooths great Mars the warriour God, 
 And checks his arm diftain'd with blood, 
 Who joins in leagues the jarring lands. 
 The horn of Plenty fills her hands. 
 
 The defcription, fays Eugenius, is a copy of the figure we have before us : 
 and for the future, inftead of any further note on this pafiage, I would have 
 the reverfe you have fhown us ftamped on the fide of it. The interpreters 
 of Seneca, fays Philander, will utiderftand the precedent verfes as a defcription 
 oi Venus, though in my opinion there is only thefirft of them that can aptly 
 relate to her, which at the fame time agrees as well with Concord: and that 
 this was a Goddefs who ufed to intereft her felf in marriage?, we may fee in 
 the following defcription. 
 
 • —''J amdudum pofle reclinis, 
 
 ^arit Hymen thalamis intaBum dicere carmen, 
 ^0 vatem mulcere queat ; dat "Juno verenda 
 Vincula^ et infigm geminat Concordia tadd. 
 
 Starii Epithalamion. Silv. li. i, 
 Kkk 2 Already 
 
43<^ Dialogues upon the Ufejulnefs 
 
 Already leaning at the door, too long 
 Sweet Hymen waits to raife the nuptial fong, 
 Her facred bands majeftick yum lends. 
 
 And Concord with her flaming torch attends. 
 \» 
 Fig. 4. Pf^ce differs as little in her Drefs as in her Charadler from Concord. You 
 may obfcrve in both thefe figures that the Vefl: is gathered up before them, 
 like an Apron, which you muft fuppofe filled with fruits as well as the Cornu- 
 copice. It is to this part of the Drefs that TibuUus alludes. 
 
 ^t nobis. Pax alma, veni, fpicamque teneto, 
 PerJJuat et pomis candidus ante Jinm. 
 
 Kind Peace appear, 
 And in thy right hand hold the wheaten ear, 
 From thy white lap th' o'erflowing fruits fliall fall. 
 
 Prudentim has given us the fame circumftance in his defcription of Avarice, 
 
 ■ Avaritia gremio prcecinSla capaci. Prud. Pfychomachia. 
 
 How proper the emblems of Plenty are to Peace, may be feen in the fame 
 Poet. 
 
 Interea P^x arva colat. Pax Candida primunt 
 
 Duxit araturos fub juga curva boves \ 
 Pax aluit vites, etfuccos condidit uva, 
 
 Funderet ut nato tejla paterfia merum : 
 Pace bidens vomerque vigent. Tibul. El. 10. Lib. r. 
 
 She firft, "White Peace, the earth with plough-fhares broke. 
 
 And bent the oxen to the crooked yoke, 
 
 Firft rear'd the vine, and hoarded firft with care 
 
 The father's vintage for his drunken heir. 
 
 The Olive-branch in her hand is frequently touched upon in the old Poets as 
 a token of Peace. 
 
 Pace or are manu — — . ■ Virg. RjH. 10. 
 
 Ingreditur, ramumque tenens papillaris Olivee. Ov. Met. lib. 7. 
 
 In his right hand an Olive-branch he holds. 
 
 -. I ... . — ■ ' ' f urorem 
 
 Indomitum duramque viri deJieBere mentem 
 
 Pactfico fermone parant, hojiemque propinquum 
 
 Or ant Cecropia pralatd fronde Minerva. Luc. lib. 3. 
 
 — . To 
 
of Anctent Medals. 4»7 
 
 • To move his haughty foul they try 
 
 Intreaties, and perfwafion foft apply : 
 
 Their brows Minerva^ peaceful branches wear, 
 
 And thus in gentlefl terms they greet his ear. Mr. Rowe. 
 
 "Which by the way one would think had been fpoken rather of an Attila, or 
 a Maximin, than yulius Cajar. 
 
 You fee Abundance or Plenty makes the fame figure in Medals as In Horace. Fig. f. 
 
 ' ttbi Copia 
 
 Manabit ad plenum benigno 
 
 Ruris honorum opulent a cornu. Hor. Lib, i. Od. 17. 
 
 -— — Here to thee fhall Plenty flow 
 
 And all her riches fliow, 
 To raife the honour of the quiet plain. Mr. Creech. 
 
 The Compliment on this reverfe to Gordianus Pius Is exprefled in the fame 
 manner as that of Horace to Auguftus. 
 
 ■—■ ■ — Aurea fruges 
 
 It all am pleno diffudit Copia cornu. Hor. Epift. 12. Lib. 1. 
 
 Golden Plenty with a bounteous hand 
 
 Rich harvefts freely fcatters o'er our land. Mr. Creech. 
 
 But to return again to our Virtues. You have here the pidurc of Fidelity^ Fig. <. 
 who was worfliiped as a Goddefs among the Romans. 
 
 Situ oblitus es at Dij meminerunty meminit Fides. Catul. ad Alphen. 
 I (hould fancy from the following verfes of Virgil and Silius Italicus, that 
 fhe was reprefented under the figure of an old woman. 
 
 Cana Fides, et Vejla, Remo cumfratre ^irinus 
 
 Jura dabunt ' Virg. y^n. Lib. i. 
 
 Then banifh'd Faith (hall once again return, 
 
 And Veftal fires in hallow'd temples burn, 
 
 And Remus with ^irinus fhall fuftain 
 
 The righteous laws, and fraud and force reflraln. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 . ■ ad liminia fanSta 
 
 1'endebat Fidei, fecretaque peSlora tent at. 
 Arcanis dea lata, polo tum forte remoto 
 Ccelicolum magnas volvebat con/cia curas. 
 Ante Jovem generata, decus divumque hominumque, 
 ^id fme non tellus pacem, non cequora noruntj 
 
 Jujiitia confors ^ , Sil. It. Lib. 2. 
 
 He 
 
438 DiALOGEus Upon the Ufefuhefs 
 
 He to the fhrines of Faith his fteps addreft. 
 She, pleas'd with fecrets rowling in her breaft, 
 Far from the world remote, revolv'd on high 
 The cares of gods, and counfels of the sky. 
 E'er Jove was born flie grac'd the bright abodes, 
 Confort of yujiice, boaft of men and gods ; 
 Without whofe heavenly aid no peace below 
 The fteadfaft earth, and rowling ocean know. 
 
 Fig. 7. There is a Medal of Heliogabalus, infcrib'd Fides Exercitus, that 
 receives a great light from the preceding verfes. She is ported between two 
 military Enfigns, for the good quality that the Poet afcribes to her of pre- 
 ferving the public peace, by keeping the Army true to its Allegiance. 
 
 I fancy, lays Eugeaius, as you have difcovered the Age of this imaginary 
 Lady, from the defcription that the Poets have made of her, you may find 
 too the colour of the Drapery that fhe wore in the old Roman paintings, from 
 that Verfe in Horace, 
 
 Te Spes et albo rara Fides colit 
 
 Velatapanno — Hor. Od. 35. Lib. i. 
 
 Sure Hope, and FriendJJoip cloath'd in White, 
 
 Attend on thee, » Mr. Creech. 
 
 One WQuld think, fays Philander, by this verfe, chat Hope and Fidelity hath 
 both the fame kind of Drefs. It is certain Hope might have a fair pretence to 
 White, in allufion to thofe that were Candidates for an employ. 
 
 qiiem duett hiantem 
 
 Cretata ambitio ■ _ Perf Sat. 5-. 
 
 And how properly the Epithet of Rara agrees with her, you may fee in the 
 *"'«• 8- tranfparencyof the next figure. She is here dreffed in fuch a kind of Veil as the 
 Latins call a Multicium from the finenefs of its Tiflue. Your Roman Beaus 
 had their fummer toga of fuch a light airy make. 
 
 ^em tenues deducere toga nitidique capilU. Hor. Ep. 14. Lib. 1. 
 
 I that lov'd • 
 
 Curl'd powder'd locks, a fine and gawdy gown. Mr. Creech. 
 
 I remember, fays Cynthio, JtmenalrdXXjs Creticus, that was otherwife a brave 
 rough fellow, very handfomely, on this kind of garment. 
 
 .^ . . , -..-,1- . fed quid 
 
 Nonfacient alii cum tu multitiafumas-^ 
 
 Cretice? 
 
of Ancient Medals. ^35> 
 
 Cretice? et banc vejiem populo mirante perores 
 
 hi Troculas et Pollineas. • Juv. Sat. 2. 
 
 Acer et indomitus Libertatifque magijler^ 
 
 C ret ice, pelluces Ibid. 
 
 Nor, vain Metellus, (hall 
 
 From Rome's Tribunal thy harangues prevail 
 'Gainft harlotry, while thou art clad fo thin, 
 That thro' thy Cobweb-robe we fee thy skin. 
 
 As thou declaimr'ft • Mr. Tate. 
 
 Can'ft thou reftore old manners, or retrench 
 
 Rome's pride, who com'ft tranfparent to the Bench ? Idem. 
 
 But pray what is the meaning that this tranfparent Lady holds up her train 
 in her left hand ? for I find your women on Medals do nothing without a 
 meaning. Befides, I fuppofe there is a moral precept at leaft couch'd under 
 the figure fhe holds in her other hand. She draws back her garment, fays 
 Philander, that it may not incumber her in her march. For Ihe is always 
 drawn in a pofture of walking, it being as natural for Hope to prefs forward to 
 her proper objeds, as for Fear to fly from them. 
 
 Ut canis in vacuo leporem cum Gallicus arvo 
 Vidit, et hie pradam pedibm petit, iUe fahitcm : 
 Alter in-hcefuro fimilis, jamjamque tenere 
 Sperat, et extento Jlringit vejligia rojiro ; 
 Alter in ambiguo eji an Jit comprenfus, et ipfis 
 Morfibm eripitur, tangentiaque ora relinquif : 
 Sic deus et virgo ejl : hie fpe celer, ilia timore. 
 
 De Apol. et Daph. Ov. Mf t. Lib. i. 
 
 As when th' impatient Greyhound flipt from far, 
 
 Bounds o'er the glebe to catch the fearful Hare, 
 
 She in her fpeed does all her fafety lay: 
 
 And he with double fpeed puffues the prey j 
 
 O'er-runs her at the fitting turn, and licks 
 
 His chaps in vain, and blows upon the flix : 
 
 She 'fcapes, and for the neighb'ring covert ftrives. 
 
 And gaining fhelter doubts if yet fhe lives : > ' r.i. 
 
 Such was the god, and fuch tlie flying fair. 
 
 She, urg'd by Fear, her feet did fwiftly move. 
 
 But he more fwiftly, who was urg'd by Love. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Thi» 
 
44 o Dialogues upon the Ufefulmfs 
 
 This beautiful fimilitude is, I think, the prettieft emblem in the world of 
 Hope and Fear in extremity. A flower or bloffome that you fee in the right 
 hand is a proper ornament for Hope, fince they arc thcfe that we term ia 
 poetical language the Hopes of the year. 
 
 Vere novo, tunc herba nitens, et roboris expers 
 Turget et infolida eji, et Spe dekSiat agrejiei. 
 Ofwiia turn florent fiorumque coloribus almus 
 
 Ridet ager , Qv. Met. Lib. 15. 
 
 The green fhem grows in ftature and in fize, 
 
 But only feeds with Hope the Farmer's eyes j 
 
 Then laughs the childifh year with flowrets crown'd. 
 
 And lavifhly perfumes the fields around. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 The fame Poet in his Defajiis, fpeaking of the Vine in flower, expreflfes it 
 Infpe vitis erat ~ . Ov. de Faft. Lib. 5. 
 
 %• 9- The next on the Lift is a Lady of a contrary charader, and therefore in a 
 quite different pofture. As Security is free from all purfuits, (he is reprefent- 
 ed leaning carelefsly on a pillar. Horace has drawn a pretty^metaphor from 
 this pofture. 
 
 Nullum me a labor e reclinat otium. 
 
 No eafc doth lay me down from pain. Mr. Creech. 
 
 She refts her felf on a pillar, for the fame reafon as the Poets often compare an 
 obftinate refolution or a great firmnefs of mind, to a rock that is not to be 
 moved by all the afl"aults of winds or waves. 
 
 Non civium ardor prava jubentiumy 
 
 Non vultus injiantis tyranni, 
 
 Mente quatit folidd, neque Aujler 
 
 Dux inquieta turbidus Adrice, &c. Hor. 
 
 The man refolv'd, and fleady to his truft, 
 Inflexible to ill, and obftinately juflr. 
 May the rude Rabble's infolence defpife. 
 Their fenfelefs clamours and tumultuous cries ; 
 
 The tyrant's fiercenefs he beguiles. 
 And the ftern brow and the harfh voice defies. 
 
 And with fuperior greatnefs fmiles. 
 . Not the rough whirlwind that deforms 
 
 ^^r/Vs black gulf— ^f. Mv. Creech. 
 
 lam 
 
cf Ancient Medals. 44« 
 
 I am apt to think it was on Devices of this nature that Horace had his eye 
 
 in his Ode to Fortune. It is certain he alludes to a pillar that figured out 
 
 Security, or fomething very like it ; and till any body finds out another that 
 
 will ftand better in its place, I think we may content our felves with this be- 
 
 ^fore us. 
 
 TV Dacus a/per, teprofugi Scytha 
 Urbefque gentefque et Latium ferox, 
 Regumque matres barbarorum, et* 
 Purptirei ttietuunt tyranni : 
 Injur iofo fie pede proruas 
 Stantem columnam; neu popuhts frequem 
 Ad artna cejj'antes, ad arma 
 
 Concitety impcriumque frangat. Ad Fortunam. Hor. Lib. i. Od. 35^ 
 
 To thee their vows rough Germans pay, 
 To thee the wandring Scythians bend, 
 Thee mighty Rom^ proclaims a friend : 
 
 And for their Tyrant fons 
 
 The barb'rous Mothers pray 
 To thee, the greateft guardian of their Thrones. 
 
 They bend, they vow, and ftlU they fear. 
 Left you fhould kick their Column down. 
 And cloud the glory of their Crown ; 
 
 They fear that you would raife 
 
 The lazy crowd to war, 
 And break their Empire, or confine their praifc. Mr. Creech. 
 
 I muft however be fo fair as to let you know that Peace and Felicity have 
 their pillars in feveral Medals as well as Security, fo that if you do not like 
 one of them, you may take the other. 
 
 The next Figure is that of Chajiity, who was worfhipped as a Goddefs, Fig. 10. 
 and had her Temple. 
 
 ■ deinde adfuperos AJlraa recejjit 
 
 Hcic comife, at que dua pariter fugere forores. De pudicitia. Juv. Sat. 6. 
 
 At length uneafy Jujiice upwards flew. 
 
 And both the Sifters to the Stars withdrew. Mr. Dry den. 
 
 Templa pudicitia quid opus Jiafuijfe puellis^ 
 
 Si cuivis nupta quidlibet ejfe licet? Tib. Lib. 2. 
 
 Vol. L L 1 1 Since 
 
442- Dialogues upon the Ufefultjefs 
 
 Since wives whate'er they pleafe unblam'd can be^ 
 Why rear we ufelefs Fanes to Chajlity ? 
 
 How her pofture and drefs become her, you may fee in the following verfcj. 
 
 Ergofedens velat vulfus, obmibit ocelloi 
 IJia verecundi figna Pudoris erant. Alciat. 
 
 She fits, her vifage veil'd, her eyes conceal'd. 
 By marks like thefe was ChaJiitfrtvQiXd. 
 
 Ite procul v'ttta tenuesj infigne pudoris^ 
 ^/aque tegit medminjlita longa pedes. Ov. de Art. Aman, 
 
 frontem limbo velata pudicam. Claud, de Theod. Conf. 
 
 Hence ! ye fmooth fillets on the forehead bound, ^ 
 
 Whofe bands the brows of Chaftity furround, S 
 
 And her coy Robe that lengthens to the ground. > 
 
 She is reprefented in the habit of a Roman Matron, 
 
 Matrona prceter faciem nil cernere poJiSy 
 
 Cat era, ni Catia eft, demifsd vefte tegentis. Hor. Sat. 2. Lib. 1 
 
 Befides, a Matron's face is feen alone ; y 
 
 But Kate's, that female bulfy of the town,. S. 
 
 For all the reft: is cover'd with a gown. J 
 
 Mr. Creech. 
 
 That, ni Catia eft, fays Cynthio, is a beauty unknown to moft of our Engliftj 
 Satyr ifi:s. Horace knew how to ftab with addrefs, and to give a thruft where- 
 he was leaft expedled. Boileau has nicely imitated him in this, as well as his 
 other beauties. But our Englijh Libellers are for hewing a man down-right, 
 and for letting him fee at a diftance that he is to look for no mercy. I own 
 to you, fays Eugenius„ I have often admired this piece of art in the two Sa- 
 tyrifts you mention, and have been furprized to meet with a man in a Satire 
 that I never in the leaft expedled to find there. They have a particular 
 way of hiding their ill nature, and introduce a criminal rather to illu- 
 ftrate a precept or pafTage, than out of any feeming defi^n to abufe him. 
 Our Englijh Poets on the contrary fhow a kind of malice prepenfe in their Sa- 
 tires, and inftead of bringing in the perfon to give light to any part of the 
 Poem, let you fee they writ the whole Poem on purpofe to abufe the perfon. 
 But we muft not leave the Ladies thus. Pray what kind of head-drefs is that 
 oiFiety f 
 
 As 
 
 e< 
 
of Anc'tem Medals. 445 
 
 As Chajlityy fays Philander, appears in the habit of a Roma}t matron, in 
 whom that Virtue was fuppofed to reign in its perfeftion. Piety wears thep;g.ji. 
 drefs of the Veftal Virgins, who were the greateft and moft (hining exam- 
 ples of it. Vittata Sace^dos is you know an expreflion among the Latin 
 Poets, I do not queftion but you have feen in the Duke of Florence's gallery 
 a beautiful antique figure of a woman ftanding before an Altar, which fome 
 of the Antiquaries call a Piety, and others a Veftal Virgin. The woman. 
 Altar, and fire burning on it, are feen in marble exadly as in this coin, and 
 bring to my mind a part of afpeech that Religion makes in Phadruss fables. 
 
 Sed ne ignis nofier facinori prceluceat. 
 
 Per quern verendos excolit Pietas dcos. Fab. lo. Li. 4. 
 
 It is to this Goddefs that Statius addrefles himfelf in the following lines. 
 
 Summa deum Pietas ! cujus gratijjima ceeh 
 
 Kara prof ana t as infpeSlant numina terras. 
 
 Hue vittata comam, ni-ceoque infignis amiBu, 
 
 ^alis adbuc prafens, nulldque cxpulfa nocentum 
 
 Fraude rudes populos atque aurea regna colebaSy 
 
 Mitibus excquiis ades, et lugentis Hetrufci 
 
 Cerne pios fetus, laudataque lumina terge. Statius Silv. Li. 3. 
 
 Chief of the Skies, celeftial Piety ! 
 
 Whofe god-head, priz'd by thofe of heavenly birth, 
 
 Revifus rare thefe tainted realms of Earth, 
 
 Mild in thy milk-white veft, to footh my friend,] 
 
 With holy fillets on thy brows defcend. 
 
 Such as of old (e'er chac'd by Guilt and Rage) 
 
 A race unpoliflit, and a golden age. 
 
 Beheld thee frequent. Once more come below, 
 
 Mix in the foft folemnities of woe. 
 
 See, fee, thy own Hetrufcus wafles the day 
 
 In pious grief; and wipe his tears away. 
 
 The little trunk (he holds in her left liand is the Ac err a that you fo often find 
 among the Poets, in which the frankincenfe was preferv'd that Piety is here 
 fuppofed to ftrow on the fire. 
 
 Dantque facerdoti cufiodem thuris acerram. Ov. Met. Li. 13. 
 
 Hac tibi pro nato plena dat Utus acerrd 
 
 Phcebe — .»..— — , Mart. Li. 4. Epig. 45. 
 
 L 1 1 2 The 
 
444 Dialogues upon the Vjeftdnefs 
 
 Fig. II. The figure oi Equity differs but little from that our painters make of her 
 at prefent. The fcales fhe carries in her hand are fo natural an emblem of 
 juftice, that Terfius has turned them into an allegory to exprefs the decifions 
 of right or wrong. 
 
 . — .. — . ■ i' . ^i rites 
 
 Hoc ptito nonjuftum eji, illud male, reBius ijiud;. 
 
 Scis etenim jujlum gemind Jiijpendere latice 
 
 Ancipitis Libra. Socrat. ad Alcibiad. Sat. 4, 
 
 . , > Romans, know 
 
 Againfl: right reafon all your counfels go ; 
 
 This is not fair ; nor profitable that : 
 
 Nor t'other queftion proper for debate. 
 
 But thou, no doubt, can'ft (tt the bufinefs right, 
 
 And give each argument its proper weight : 
 
 Know'ft with an equal hand to hold the fcale, ^c. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Fig. 13- The next figure I prefent you with is Eternity. She holds in her hand a- 
 olobe with a Phasnix on it.- How proper a type of Eternity is each of thefe 
 you may fee in the following quotations. I am fure you will pardon the 
 length of the latter as it is not improper to the occafion, and fliows at the 
 fame time the great fruitful nefs of the Poet's fancy that could turn the fam& 
 thought fo many different, ways. 
 
 Hac Sterna manet, divif que fitnilUma forma eft, 
 
 Cui neque principium eft ufquam, nee finis: in ipfo 
 
 Sedfimilis toto remanet, perque omnia par eft. 
 
 de Rotunditate Corporum. Manil. Li. i. 
 
 This form's eternal, and may juflly claim 
 
 A god-like nature, all its parts the fame j 
 
 Alike, and equal to its felf 'tis found,' 
 
 No end's and no beginning in a round: 
 
 Nought can moleft its Being, nought controul. 
 
 And this enobles, and confines the whole. Mr. Creech. 
 
 Par volucerftiperis : Stellas qui vividus- aquat 
 Durando, membrifqiie terit redeuntibus avum. «— ■ 
 Nam pater eft prolefque fui, nulloque creante 
 Emeritos artus fcecunda morte reformat, 
 Et petit alternam totidem per funera vitam, ■ * 
 Ofenium pofiture rogo, falfifque fe£ulchris • 
 
 'Natale& 
 
of /Ancient Medals. 441 
 
 Natales hahiture vices, que Jape renafci 
 
 Exitio, proprioque files pubefcere letho. 
 
 O felix, haerefque tut I quofilvimuromnes. 
 
 Hoc tibi Jiippeditat vires, prabetur origo 
 
 Per cinerem, moritur te non pereunte J'ene£ius, 
 
 Vidijii quodcunquefuit. tefecula tejie 
 
 CunSia revohuntur : nofti quo tempore pontus 
 
 Fuderit elatas fcopulis Jiagnantibus undas : 
 
 ®«/i Phaetonteis erroribus arferit annus. 
 
 Et c lades TV nulla rapit, filufque fuperjies 
 
 Edomitd tellure manes, non jiamina Parcae 
 
 In Te dura legunt, non jus habuere noccndi. de Phaenicc. Claud 
 
 A God-like bird! whofe cndlefs round of years 
 Outlafts the ftars, and tires the circling fpheres ; 
 Begot by none himfelf, begetting none, 
 Sire of himfelf he is, and of himfelf the fonj 
 His life in fruitful death renews its date. 
 
 And kind deftrudion but prolongs his fate. • 
 
 O thou, fays he, whom harmlefs fires (hall burn, ^ 
 
 Thy age the flame to fecond youth fhall turn, C 
 
 An infant's cradle is thy fun'ral urn. 3 
 
 Thrice happy Phtcnix ! Heav'n's peculiar care 
 
 Has made thy felf thy felfs furviving heir. 
 
 By Death thy deathlefs vigour is fupply'd. 
 
 Who finks to ruine all the world befide. 
 
 Thy age, not thee, aflifting Ph^vbus burns. 
 
 And vital flames light up thy fun'ral Urns. 
 
 Whate'er events have been thy eyes furvey. 
 
 And thou art fix'd while ages roll away. 
 
 Thou faw'ft when raging ocean burft his bed, 
 
 O'er-top'd the mountains, and the earth o'erfpread ; 
 
 "When the rafh youth inflam'd the high abodes, 
 
 Scorch'd up the Skies, and fcar'd the deathlefs Gods. 
 
 When nature ceafes, thou flialt ftill remain, 
 
 Nor fecond Chaos bound thy endlefs reign ; 
 
 Fate's tyrant laws thy happier lot fhall brave. 
 
 Baffle deftrudion, and elude the grave. ^ 
 
 The circle of rays that you fee round the head of the Phanix diftinfuifli hinv 
 to be the bird and offspring of the Sun, ^oVu 
 
4^^ Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Solis avi fpecimen - • •• " •• 
 
 Una eji qutz reparet feque ipfa refimintt aUs; 
 ■AJJyrii Phanica vacant : nonfruge tuque berbis^ 
 Sed Thuris lacrymisy et jkcco vivit tuaomi. 
 Htcc ubi quinque Ju£ complevit ficula vita, 
 Ilicis in ramis, tremulceve cacumine falma^ 
 Unguibus et durofibi nidiim conjlruit ere : 
 ^ofimul ac caftas, ac nardi knii arijias 
 ^laff'aque ciimfulvd ftibjiravit cinnama myrrha^ 
 Sefuper imponit, Jinitque in odvribus avum. 
 Ivde ferunt totidem qui vivere debeat annos 
 Cor pore de patrio parvum phanica renafci. 
 Cum dedit huic atas vires, onerique ferendo eji^ 
 Tonderibus nidi ramos levnt arboris aJta, 
 Fertque pius cunafqiie fuas, fatriumque Sepukhrutny 
 jerque leves auras Hyperion! s urbe potitui 
 
 Ante fores facras Hyperionis ade reponit. Ov. Met. Li. 15. 
 
 • Titanius ales. Claud, de Phaenice. 
 
 — — From himfelf the Phanix only fprings: 
 Self-born, begotten by the parent Flame, 
 In which he burn'd, another and the fame. 
 Who not by corn or herbs his life fuftains, 
 But the fweet eflence of Amomicm drains: 
 And watches the rich gums Arabia bears, 
 While yet in tender dew they drop their tears. 
 He (his five centuries of life fulfiU'd) 
 His nefl on oaken boughs begins to build. 
 Or trembling tops of Palm, and firft he draws 
 The plan with his broad bill and crooked claws. 
 Nature's artificers j on this the pile 
 Is form'd, and rifes round ; then with the fpoil 
 Of Cafia, Cynamon, and ftems of Nard, 
 (For foftnefs ftrew'd beneath) his fun'ral bed is rear'd; 
 Fun'ral and bridal both ; and ail around 
 The borders with corruptlefs Myrrh are crown'd, 
 Qn this incumbent; 'till astherial flame 
 Fhtt catches, then confumes the coftly frame ; 
 Confumes him too, as on the pile he lies ; 
 He liv'd on odours, and in odours dies^ Aa 
 
of Anctent Medals, 447 
 
 An Xn.iz.nx.-Thoemx from the former fprings. 
 His father's heir, and from his tender wings 
 Shakes off his parent duft, his method he purfues, 
 And the fame leafe of life on the fame terms renews. 
 When grown to manhood he begins his reign, 
 And with ftiff pinions can his flight fuftain. 
 He lightens of its load, the tree that bore 
 His father's royal fepulchre before. 
 And his own cradle : This (with pious care,. 
 Plac'd on his back) he cuts the buxom air. 
 Seeks the Sun's city, and his facred church, 
 And decently lays down his burthen in the porch. Mr. Dryden, 
 
 Sic ubi fcecunda reparav'tt morte juventam, 
 
 Ef patriot idem cinereSy colleBaque port at 
 
 XJnguibui oJJ'a pits, Nilique ad littora tendens 
 
 Unicus extremo Phamix procedit ab Euro : 
 
 Conveniufit Aquila, cunBaque ex orbe voliicrn 
 
 Ut Solis mirentur avem — ■ Claud, de laud Stil, L, 2, 
 
 So when his parent's pile hath ceas'd to burn, 
 Tow'rs the young Phoenix from the teeming urn:- 
 And from the purple eaft, with pious toil 
 Bears the dear reliques to the diftnnt Nile; 
 Himlelf a fpecies! Then, the bird of Jove, 
 And all his plumy nation quit the grove; 
 The gay harmonious train delighted gaze, 
 Crowd the procelfion, and refound his praife. 
 
 The radiated head of the Phremx gives us the meaning of a paffage in yftt/o- 
 nius, which I was formerly furprized to meet with in the defcription of a 
 Bird. But at prefcnt I am very well fatisfied the Poet muft have had his eye 
 on the figure of this Bird in ancient fculpturc and painting, as indeed it was 
 impoflible to take it fi-om the life. 
 
 TVr fjova Noejlreos implevit purpura fufes, 
 Et toties tenio cornix vivacior avOy 
 ^ia?n novies terni glotnerantem fectda tra3us 
 Vincunt aripedes ter terno Nejiore cervi, 
 Tres quorum atates fupcrat Pbasbeijm ojien,. 
 
4-48 Dialogues upm the UfeftHne/s 
 
 ^em novies fenior Gaftgeticus anteit ales. 
 
 Ales cinnameo radiatus tempora nido. Aufon. E idyll. 11. 
 
 Arcanum radiant oculi jubar. igneus ora 
 Cingit honos, rutllo cognatum vertice fidus 
 At to Hit crijlatus apex, tenebrafque ferend 
 
 Luce fecat Claud, de Pha;n. 
 
 His fiery eyes (hoot forth a glitt'ring ray, 
 And round his head ten thoufand glories play : 
 High on his creft, a Star celeflial bright 
 Divides the darknefs with its piercing light. 
 
 — - Procul ignea lucet 
 
 Ales, odorati redole?it cui cinnama bufii. CI. de laud. Stil. L. 2. 
 
 If you have a mind to compare this fcale of Beings with that of Hefiod^ I 
 iliall give it you in a tranflation of that Poet. 
 
 T!er binos deciefque novem fuper exit in annos 
 
 y ujla fetiefcejitum quos tmplet vita virorum, 
 
 Hos novies fuper at vivendo garrula Comix : 
 
 Et quater egreditur cornicis Jacula cervus. 
 
 Alipedem cervum ter "oincit Corvus : at ilium 
 
 Multiplicat novies Phcenix, reparabicis ales. 
 
 ^am vos perpetuo decies pravertitis avo 
 
 Nymphee Hatnadryades : quarum longijjima vita eji : 
 
 Hi cohi bent fines vivacia fata animantum. Aufon. Eidyl. 18. 
 
 The utmoft age to man the Gods aflign 
 Are winters three times two, and ten times nine : 
 Poor man nine times the prating Dawes exceed : 
 Three times the Dawe's the Deer's more lafting breed : 
 The Deer's full thrice the Raven's race outrun : 
 Nine times the Raven 'titan's feather'd fon : 
 Beyond his age, with youth and beauty crown'd. 
 The Hamadryads fliine ten ages round : 
 Their breath the longeft is the Fates beftow; 
 And fuch the b9unds to mortal lives below. 
 
 A man had need be a good Arithmetician, fays Cynthio, to underftand this 
 Author's works. His defcription runs on like a Multiplication Table. But 
 methinks the Poets ought to have agreed a little better in the caleulations of 
 a Bird's life that was probably of their own creation. Wc 
 
of Anc'tent Medals. 44P 
 
 We generally find a great confulion in the traditions of tfce ancients, fays 
 "Philander. It feems to me, from the next Medal, it was an opinion among F'g- M- 
 them, that the Fhcenix renewed her felf at the beginning of the great year, 
 and the return of the Golden Age. This opinion I find touched upon in a 
 couple of lines in Claudian. 
 
 §luicquid ab externis ales longava colonis 
 
 Colligitj optati referens exordia fcecli. Claud, de rapt. Prof. Li. 2. 
 
 The perfon in the midft of the circle is fuppofed to be 'Jupiter^ by the Au- 
 thor that has publiflied this Medal, but I fhould rather take it for the figure 
 of Time. I remember I have feen at Rome an antique Statue of Time, with 
 a wheel or hoop of marble in his hand, as Seneca defcribes him, and not with 
 a ferpcnt as he is generally reprefented. 
 
 -•■ " • proper at curfu 
 
 Vita citato, volucrique die 
 Rota pracipitis volvitur anni. Here. fur. Ad. r. 
 
 Life ports away. 
 And day from day drives on with fwift carreer 
 The wheel that hurries on the headlong year. 
 
 As the circle of marble in his hand reprefents the common year, fo this that 
 encompafles him is a proper reprefentation of the great year, which is the 
 whole round and comprehenfion of Time. For when this is finiflied, the hea- 
 venly bodies are fuppofed to begin their courfes anew, and to meafure over 
 again the feveral periods and divifions of years, months, days, ^c. into which 
 the great year is diftinguiflied. 
 
 - ' confumto, Magnus qui dicitur, anno 
 
 Rurfus in antiquum venient vaga fidera curfum : 
 
 ^alia difpojiti Jleterant ab origine mundi, Aufon. Eidyl, i8. 
 
 When round the great Platonick year has turn'd. 
 In their old ranks the wandring ftars fliall fland 
 As when firft marflial'd by th' Almighty's hand. 
 
 To fum up therefore the thoughts of this Medal. The infcription teaches 
 tis that the whole defign muft refer to the Golden Age which it lively repre- 
 fents, if we fuppofe the circle that encompafles Ti/ne, or if you pleafe Jupi- 
 ter, -fignifies the finishing of the great year; and that the Phoenix figures out 
 the beginning of a new feries of time. So that the compliment on this Me- 
 dal to the Emperor Adrian, is in all refpeds the fame that Virgil makes to 
 Vo L. I M m m Pollio'^ 
 
4yo Dialogues upon the Ufefuhe/s 
 
 Pollio's fon, at whofe birth he fuppofes the annus magnus or platonical year 
 run out, and renewed again with the opening of the Golden Age. 
 
 Magnus ab integro Jachrum nafcttur ordo; 
 
 Jam redit et Virgo, redeunt Saturnia regna : 
 
 Et nova progenies ccelo demittitur alto. VIrg. Ec. 4. 
 
 The time is come the Sibyls long foretold, 
 
 And the bleft maid reftores the Age of Gold 
 
 In the great wheel of Time before enroU'd. 
 
 Now a great progeny from Heav'n defccnds. Ld. Lauderdale. 
 
 ■ >■ ■ nunc adejl mundo dies 
 
 Supremus ille, qui premat genus impium 
 
 Cceli ruind ; rurfus utjiirpem novam 
 
 Generet renajcens melior : ut quondam tulit 
 
 Juvenis tenente regna Saturno poli. Sen. Oet. Adl. 2.. 
 
 The laft great day is come, 
 
 When earth and all her impious fons (hall lie 
 
 Cruflit in the ruins of the falling sky, 
 
 Whence frefh (hall rife, her new-born realms to grace, 
 
 A pious offspring and a purer race, 
 
 Such as e'erwhile in golden ages fprung. 
 
 When Saturn govern'd, and the world was young. 
 
 You may compare the de(ign of this reverfe, if you pleafe, with one of Con^ 
 Jlantine, fo far as the Fhcenix is concerned in both. As for the other figure, we 
 may have occafion to fpeak of it in another place. Vid. 15 figure. King 
 of France\ Medalions. 
 
 Fie 16 '^^^ "^■'^^ figure (hadbws out Eternity to us, by the Sun in one hand and 
 the Moon in the other, which in the language of facred poetry is as long 
 as the Sun and Moon endureth. The heathens made choice of thefe Lights as 
 apt fymbols of Eternity, becaufe contrary to all fublunary Beings, though, 
 they feem to perifh every night, they renew themfelves every morning. 
 
 Soles occidere et redire pojfunt; 
 
 Nobis cumfemel ocpidit brevis lux, 
 
 Nox ejl perpetua una dormienda. Gatul. 
 
 The Suns (hall often fall and rife: 
 
 But when the (hort-liv'd mortal dies 
 
 A night eternal feals his eyes. Horace, 
 
of Anctent Medals. 45 i 
 
 Horace, whether in imitation of Catullm or not, has applied the fame 
 thought to the Moon : and that too in the plural number. • 
 
 Damna tamen celeres reparant ccelejlia lunce: 
 
 Nos t(bi decidimus 
 ^0 plus lEneas, quo Tullus dives, et Ancus, , 
 
 Tulvii et umbra fumus. Hor. Od. 7. Lib. 4. 
 
 Each lofs the haftning Moon repairs again. 
 
 But we, when once our race is done. 
 With 'Tullus and Anchifes fon, 
 
 (The' rich like one, like t'other good) 
 To duft and fliades, without a Sun, 
 Defcend, and fink in dark oblivion's flood. Sir W, Temple. 
 
 In the next figure Eternity fits on a globe of the heavens adorned with Fig. 17. 
 ftars. We have already feen how proper an emblem of Eternity the globe 
 is, and may find the duration of the ftars made ufe of by the Poets, as an 
 exprefiion of what is never like to end. 
 
 Stellas qui vivid us aquas 
 
 Durando Claud. 
 
 Polus dumftdera pajcef. 
 
 Semper honos no?nenque tuum laudefque manebunt. Virg. iEn. L. i. 
 
 Lucida dum current annofifidera mundi, C^c. Sen. Med. 
 
 I might here tell you that Eternity has a covering on her head, becaufe we rrj 
 can never find out her beginning ; that her legs are bare, becaufe we fee only Fig. 13. 
 thofe parts of her that are actually running on ; that flie fits on a globe and 
 bears a fcepter in her hand, to fliew {he is fovereign Miftrefs of all things : 
 but for any of thefe afi"ertions I have no warrant from the Poets. 
 
 You muft excufe me, if I have been longer than ordinary on fuch a fub- 
 ie(5l as Eternity. The next you fee is Vi^lory, to whom the Medallifts as well Fig. 18. 
 as Poets never fail to give a pair of wings. 
 
 Adfuit ipfafuis Ales Vi6loria Claud, de 6. Conf. Honor. 
 
 ■ dubijs volitat Victoria pennis. Ov. 
 
 niveis ViSloria concolor alls. Sil. If. 
 
 The palm-branch and lawrel were both the rewards of Conquerors, and there- 
 fore no improper ornaments for Vi6lory. 
 
 Mmm 2 ^.^^ lent a 
 
4CI Dialogues upon the Vjefuhefs 
 
 ^. lent a ViSl oris framia f alma. Ov. Met, 
 
 ' Et palma'pretium ViSforibus. Viig. iEn. 5. 
 
 7« ducibus latis aderis cum lata triumphum 
 Vox canct, et longas %'ifent capitolia pompas. 
 
 Apollo ad Laurum. Ov, Met. 
 
 Thou rtialt the Roman feftivals adorn ; 
 
 Thou {halt returning Cs^/^r's triumphs grace, 
 
 When pomps fhall in a long proceffion pafs. Dry dm. 
 
 By the way you may obferve the lower plaits of the Drapery that fecm to 
 have gathered the wind into them. I have feen abundance of antique fi- 
 gures in Sculpture and Painting, with juft the fame turn in the lower fold- 
 ings of the Veft, when the perfon that wears it is in a pofture of tripping 
 forward. 
 
 Obviaque adverfas 'vibrabant flamind Vejles.. Ov. Mat. Lib. r» 
 
 . As fhe fled, the wind 
 
 Increafing, fpread her flowing hair behind; 
 
 And left her legs and thighs expos'd to view. Dry^den. 
 
 . tenues fmuaiitur jlamine vejies. Id. Lib. 2. 
 
 It is worth while to compare this figure of ViSlory- with her Statue as it is 
 dcferibed in a very beautiful pafl"age of Prudentius. 
 
 Non arts nonfarre tnola ViSioria felix 
 Exorata venit : labor impiger^ afpera virtus^ 
 yis animi, excellens ardor, violentia, cura^ 
 Hanc tribuunt, durum traBandis robur in armis. 
 ^aji defuerint bellantibus, aurea quamvis 
 Marmoreo in templo rutilas ViSioria pinnas 
 Explicet, et multis furgat Jormata talentis : 
 Non aderit vejlifque offenfa videbitur hajiis. 
 ^id miles propriis diffifus •uiribus opt as 
 Irrita foeminea tibimet folatia forma f 
 Nunquam pennigeram legioferrata puellam 
 Vidit anhelantum regeret qua tela virorum. 
 Vincendi qucerii dominam f fua dextra cuique ejt^ 
 Mt Deus omnipotens. Non pexo crine viragoy 
 
 Nee 
 
of Ancient Medals. 45 j 
 
 ^ec nudo fufpenfa fede^flrophioque revinSla^ 
 Nee tumidas Jiuitante fmu vejlita papillas. 
 
 Prudentius contra Symm. Li. 2. 
 
 Shall ViSlory entreated lend her aid 
 
 For cakes of flower on fmoaking Altars laid ? 
 
 Her help from toils and watchings hope to find, 
 
 From the flrong body, and undaunted mind : 
 
 If thefe be wanting on th' embattel'd plain, 
 
 Ye fue the unpropitious maid in vain. 
 
 Though in her marble temples taught to blaze 
 
 Her dazling wings the golden dame difplay^ 
 
 And many a talent in due weight was told 
 
 To (hape her God-head in the curious mould, 
 
 Shall the rough foldier of himfelf defpair. 
 
 And hope for female vifions in the air? 
 
 What legion (heath'd in iron e'er furvey'd 
 
 Their darts direded by this winged maid! 
 
 Do'ft thou the power that gives fuccefs demand ? 
 
 'Tls He th' Almighty, and thy own right hand ; 
 
 Not the fmooth Nymph, whofe locks in knots are twin'd» 
 
 Who bending fhows her naked foot behind, 
 
 Who girds the virgin zone beneath her breaft. 
 
 And from her bofom heaves the fwelling veft. 
 
 You have here another ViSiory that I fancy Claudian had in his view when Fig lo. 
 he mentions her wings, palm and trophy, in the following defcription. It 
 appears on a Coin of Conjiantine who lived about an age before Claudian^ and 
 I believe we {hall find that it is not the only piece of antique fculpture that 
 this Poet has copied out in his defcriptions. 
 
 cum totis exurgens ardua fennh 
 
 Jpfa ducifacras Vi6ioria panderct ades, 
 
 Et palma viridi gaudens, et amiSfa trophais. 
 
 Claud. deLau,Stil. Li. 3, 
 
 On all her plumage rifing when (he threvir 
 Her facred fhrines wide-open to thy view, 
 How pleas'd for thee her emblems to difplay. 
 With j)alms diilinguifh'd, and with trophies gay. 
 
 The 
 
454 Dialogues upon the Ufefuhiefs 
 
 fig- 20. The laft of our imaginary Beings is Liberty. In her left hand (he carries 
 the wand that the Latins call the Rudis or Vindi£ia, and in her right the 
 cap of Liberty^ The Poets ufe the fame kinds of metaphors to exprefs Liber- 
 ty. I fhall quote Horace for the firll: whom Oniid has imitated on the fame 
 occafion, and for the latter Martial. 
 
 ■ — donatum jam rude quaris 
 
 Mecanas iter urn ant i quo me inchidere ludo. Hor. Lib. i. Eplft. i» 
 
 ■ — - - — tarda vires minuente feneBd 
 
 Me quoque donari jam rude tempus erat. Ov. de Tr. Li. 4. EI. 8. 
 
 Since bent beneath the load of years I ftand, 
 I too might claim the freedom-giving wand. 
 
 ^od te nomine jam ttio faluto 
 
 ^em regemy et dominum priics 'uocabam, 
 
 Ne me dixeris ejfe contumacem 
 
 'Totis pileafarcims redemi. Mar. Lib. 2. Epig. 68. 
 
 By thy plain name though now addreft, 
 Though once my King and Lord confeft. 
 Frown not : with all my goods I buy 
 The precious Cap of Liberty. 
 
 I.cannot forbear repeating a paflage out of Perjius, fays Cynthio, that in my 
 opinion turns the ceremony of making a Freeman very handfbmely into ridi- 
 cule. It feems the clapping a Cap on his head and giving him a Turn on 
 the heel were neceffary circumflances. A Slave thus qualified became a Ci- 
 tizen of Rome, and was honoured with a name more than belonged to any 
 of his Forefathers, which Perfius has repeated with a great deal of hu- 
 
 mour. 
 
 • Heu Jieriles veri, quibus una ^iritem 
 
 Vertigo facit ! hie Dama eft, non treffis agafo, 
 
 Vappa^ et lippus, et in tenui farragine mendax. 
 
 Verterit hunc dominuSt momenta turbinis exit 
 
 Marcus Dama. 'Papa ! Marco fpondente, r ecu/as 
 
 Credere tu nummos ? Marco fub Judice palles ? 
 
 Marcus dixit, ita eji : ajjigna, Marce, tabellas. 
 
 Hac mera libertas: banc nobis pilea donant. Per£ Sat. 5. 
 
 That falfe Enfranchifement with eafe is found : 
 Slaves are made Citizens by turning round. 
 
 Howl 
 
■■i 
 
 of Ancient Medals. 455 
 
 How ! replies one, can any be more free ? 
 
 Here's Dama, once a Groom of low degree, 
 
 Not worth a farthing, and a Sot befide ; 
 
 So true a Rogue, for lying's fake he ly'd: 
 
 But, with a Turn, a Freeman he became ; 
 
 Now Marcus Dama is his Worfliip's name. 
 
 Good Gods ! who wou'd refufe to lend a fum, 
 
 If wealthy Marcus furety wou'd become ! 
 
 Marcus is made a Judge, and for a proof 
 
 Of certain truth, he /aid it, is enough. 
 
 A Will is to be prov'd ; put in your claim j 
 
 'Tis clear if Marcus has fubfcrib'd his name. 
 
 This is true liberty, as I believe ; 
 
 What farther can we from our Caps receive, 
 
 Than as we pleafe without controul to live? ^ Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Since you have given us the ceremony of the Cap, fays Eugenius, I'll give 
 you that of the Wand, out of Claudian. 
 
 Tefajtos inenute quater, follennia ludit 
 
 Omnia libertas. deduBum Vindice morem 
 
 Lex cekbraty famulujque jugo laxatus herili 
 
 Ducitur, et grato remeat fecurior iSiu. 
 
 Trijlis conditio pulfatafronte recedit : 
 
 In civem rubuere gence, tergoque removit 
 
 Verbera promijjifelix injuria voti. Claud, de 4. Conf Hon. 
 
 The Grata iBu and the felix injuria, fays Cyntbio, would have told us the 
 name of the Author, though you had faid notliing of him. There is none 
 of all the Poets that delights fo much in thefe pretty kinds of contradidlions as 
 Claudian. He loves to fet his Epithet at variance with its fubftantive, and 
 to furprize his Reader with a feeming abfurdity. If this Poet were well ex- 
 amined, one would find that fome of his greateft beauties as well as faults 
 arife from the frequent ufe of this particular figure. 
 
 I queftion not, fays Philander, but you are tired by this time witJi the 
 company of fo myflerious a fort of Ladies as thofe we have had before us. We 
 will now, for our diverfion, entertain our felves with a fett of Riddles, and 
 fee if we can find a key to them among the ancient Poets. The firfi: of them, Second 
 fays Cyntbio, is a Ship under fail, I fuppofe it has at leaft a metaphor or moral ^f''"'- 
 precept for its cargo. This, fays Philander, is an emblem of Happinefs, as 
 
 you 
 
45^ Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 you may fee by the infcription it carries in its fails. We find the fame Device 
 to exprefs the fame thought in feveral of the Poets : as in Horace, when he 
 fpeaks of the moderation to be ufed in a flowing fortune, and in Ovid when 
 he refleds on his pafl happinefs. 
 
 Rebus angujlh animofus atque 
 
 Fortis appare : fapienter idem 
 
 Contrahes vento nimiiimfecundo 
 
 TurgiJa vela. Hot, Od. lo. Lib. 2. 
 
 When Fortune fends a fbormy wind. 
 
 Then fhew a brave and prefent mind ; 
 
 And when with too indulgent gales 
 
 She fwells too much, then furl thy fails. Mr. Creech, 
 
 Nominis etfamce quondam fulgore trahebar^ 
 
 Dum tulit antennas aura fecunda meas. Ov. de Trif. Lib. 5. El. i a, 
 
 "En ego, non paucis quondam munitus amicis, 
 
 Dumfiavit velis aura fecunda meis. Id. Epift. ex Ponto 3. Lib. 2. 
 
 I liv'd the darling Theme of ev'ry tongue, 
 The golden Idol of th' adoring throng j 
 Guarded with friends, while For/«;z/s balmy gales 
 Wanton'd aufpicious in my fwelling fails. 
 
 You fee the Metaphor is the fame in the Verfes as in the Medal, with this 
 diftindlion only, that the one is in words and the other in figures. The Idea 
 is alike in both, though the manner of reprefenting it is different. If you 
 would fee the whole Ship made ufe of in the fame fenfe by an old Poet, as it 
 is here on the Medal, you may find it in a pretty Allegory of ^neca. 
 
 Fatajiliceat mihi 
 
 Fingere arbitrio meo, 
 
 ^emperem zephyro levi 
 
 Vela, ne prejpe gravt 
 
 Spiritu antenna tremanf. 
 
 Lenis et modice jluem 
 
 Aura, nee vergens latus. 
 
 Ducat intrepidam ratem. Sen. OEdip. Chor, Ad. 4. 
 
 My fortune might I form at will, 
 JVly canvas Zephyrs foft ihould fill 
 
 With 
 
of Anctent Medals. 457 
 
 With gentle breath, left ruder gales 
 Crack the main-yard, or burft the fails. 
 By winds that temperately blow 
 The Barque fhould pafs fecure and flow, 
 Nor fear me leaning on her fide : 
 But fmoothly cleave th' unruffled tide. 
 
 After having confidered the Ship as a Metaphor, we may look now on it as 
 a Reality, and obferve in it the Make of the old Roman veflels, as they arc 
 defcribed among the Poets. It is carried on by oars and fails at the fame time. 
 
 Sive opus ejl velis niinimam bene currit ad auram. 
 
 She opus eji remo remige carpit iter, Ov. de Trif. Li. I. El. lo. 
 
 The Poop of it has the bend that O-vid and Virgil mention. 
 
 puppique recurvee. Ibid. Li. i. El. 3. 
 
 __. . lit tor a curva 
 
 Pratexunt puppes — — — ' ' Virg. 
 
 You fee the defcription of the Pilot, and the place he fits on, in the follow- 
 ing quotations. 
 
 Ipfe guhernator puppi Palitiurus ab alt a. Virg. I£,n. Li. 5. 
 
 Ipftus ante oculos ingens a vertice pontus 
 
 In puppimferit. excutitur, pronufque magijler 
 
 Volvitur in caput. ' Id. ^n. Li. i. 
 
 Orontes bark, that bore the Lycian crew, 
 
 (A horrid fight) ev'n in the Hero's view. 
 
 From ftem to ftern, by waves was overborn ; 
 
 The trembling Pilot, from his rudder torn. 
 
 Was headlong hurl'd ; Mr. Dry den. 
 
 • ' •■ " Segnemque Menceten, 
 
 Oblitus decorifque fui fociumque falutis. 
 
 In mare pracipitem puppi deturbat ab alt a : 
 
 Ip/e gubernaclo reSlorfubit. Id. /En. Li. 5. 
 
 Mindlefs of others lives, (fo high was grown 
 His rifing rage,) and carelefs of his own : 
 The trembling dotard to the deck he drew, 
 And hoifted up, and overboard he threw; 
 
 This done, he feiz'd the helm . Mr. Dryden. 
 
 VoL.L Nnn I have 
 
458 Dialogues upon the Vjefulnefs 
 
 I have mentioned thefe two laft paflages of Virgil^ becaufe I think we can- 
 not have fo right an idea of the Pilot's misfortune in each of them, without 
 obferving the fituation of his pofl, as appears in ancient Coins. The figure 
 you fee on the other end of the fliip is a Triton, a man in his upper parts, 
 and a fifh below, with a trumpet in his mouth. Virgil defcribes him in the 
 fame manner on one of JEneas's fhips. It was probably a common figure on 
 their ancient vefleis, for we meet with it too in Silius Italicus. 
 
 Hunc vebit immanis Triton, et carula concha 
 
 Exferrens freta : cui laterum tenus hifpida nanti 
 
 From hominem prafert, in prijlim definit alvus j 
 
 Spumea femifero jiib peSlore murmur at unda. Vir. iEn. Li. 10. 
 
 The Triton bears him, he, whofe trumpet's found 
 
 Old Ocean's waves from fhore to fliore rebound. 
 
 A hairy man above the wafte he fhews, 
 
 A Porpoife tail down from his belly grows, 7 
 
 The billows murmur, which his breaft oppofe. Ld. Lauderdale. ^ 
 
 Ducitur et Libya puppis fignatajigtirani 
 
 Et Triton captivus. — Sil. It. Li. 14. 
 
 I am apt to think, fays Eiigenius, from certain paflages of the Poets, that fe- 
 veral (hips made choice of fome God or other for their guardians, as among 
 the Rotnan Catholics every vefTel is recommended to the patronage of fome 
 particular Saint. To give you an inftance of two or three. 
 
 Ejt mihifitque precor fava tutela Minerva 
 
 Navis . . Ov. de Trif. Li. i. El. 10. 
 
 Numen erat celj'a puppis vicina Dione. Sil. It. Li. 14. 
 
 Hammon numen erat Lihyca gentile carina^ 
 
 Cornigerdque fedens J'peSlabat carula fronte. Ibid. 
 
 The poop great Amnion, Libyan god, difplay'd, 
 Whofe horned front the nether flood furvey'd. 
 
 The figure of the Deity was very large, as I have feen it on other Medals as 
 well as this you have {hown us, and flood on one end of the vefTel that it pa- 
 tronifed. This may give us an image of a very beautiful circumflance that 
 we meet with in a couple of wrecks defcribed by Siliui Italicus^ and Perfius. 
 
 ■ ■ Subito cum pondere viSius 
 
 InfiUente mart fubmergitur alveus undis. 
 
 Scuta 
 
of Am'tent Medals. 45 5> 
 
 Scuta virum crijlaque, et inerti fpiciila ferro 
 
 TuteJaque Deum jluitant. — — Sil. It. Li. 14. 
 
 Sunk by a weight fo dreadful down fhe goes, 
 
 And o'er her head the broken billows clofe, 
 
 Bright fliields and crefts float round the whirling floods, 
 
 And ufelefs fpears confus'd with tutelary Gods. 
 
 trabe ruptd Bruttiafaxa 
 
 Prendit amicus inops, remque omncm furdaque 'vota 
 
 Condidit: lotiio jacet ipfe in littore, et una 
 
 Ingentes de puppe Dei, jamque obvia mergis 
 
 Cojia ratis lacerce. — — Perf. Sat. 6. 
 
 My friend is fliipwreck'd on the Brutian flrand, 
 
 His riches in th' Ionian main are loft ; 
 
 And he himfelf ftands (hiv'ring on the coaft. 
 
 Where, deftitute of help, forlorn and bare. 
 
 He wearies the deaf Gods with fruitlefs pray'r. 
 
 Their images, the relicks of the wrack. 
 
 Torn from their naked poop, are tided back 
 
 By the wild waves j and rudely thrown afliore, 
 
 Lie impotent, nor can themfelves reftore. 
 
 The.veflel fticks, and (hews her open'd fide. 
 
 And on her fliatter'd maft the Mews in triumph ride. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 You will think perhaps I carry my conjed:ures too far, if I tell you that I 
 fixncy they are thefe kind of Gods that Horace mentions in his Allegorical 
 veflel which was fo broken and fhattered to pieces; for I am apt to think that 
 Integra relates to the Gods as well as the Lintea. 
 
 ■ non tibi Junt integra lintea^ 
 
 Ncn Dii, quos itcrum prejjd voces mah. Hor. Od. 14. Lib. r. 
 
 Thy ftern is gone, thy Gods are loft. 
 
 And thou haft none to hear thy crj', 
 When thou on dang'rous fhelves art toft, 
 
 When billows rage, and winds are high. Mr. Creech. 
 
 Since we are engaged fo far in the Roman fhipping, fiys Philander, I'll 
 here fliow you a Medal that has on its reverfe a Roftrum with three teeth to Fig. 2. 
 it: whence Silius's trijidum 7-oJirum inndi VirgiPs roftrifqiie tridcntibus, which 
 in fome editions is Jlridcntihus, the Editor chufing rather to make a falfe 
 
 N n n 2 quantity 
 
4^a Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 quantity than to infert a word that he did not know the meaning of. Flaccus 
 gives us a Rojlrum of the fame make. 
 
 volat immiffis cava pinus habenis 
 
 Injinditquefalu?n, et /pumas vomit are tridenti. Val. Flac. Argon, Li. i. 
 
 A Ship-carpenter of old Rotne, fays Cynthio, could not have talked morejudi- 
 cioufly. I am afraid, if we let you alone, you will find out every plank and 
 rope about the vefTel among the Latin Poets. Let us now, if you pleafe, go 
 to the next Medal. 
 Fig. 3. The next, fays Philander, is a pair of Scales, which we meet with on fe- 
 veral old Coins. They are commonly interpreted as an emblem of the Em- 
 peror's Juflice. But why may not we fuppofe that they allude fometimes to 
 the Balance in the Heavens, which was the reigning conftellation of Rome 
 and Italy, Whether it be fo or no, they are capable methinks of receiving a 
 nobler interpretation than what is commonly put on them, if we fuppofe the 
 thought of the reverfe to be the fame as that in Manilius. 
 
 Hefperiamfica Libra tenet, qua condita Roma_ 
 
 Et propriis franat pendent em nutibus orbem, 
 
 Orbis et Imperium retinet, difcrimina rerum 
 
 Lancibus, et pofitas gentes tollitque premitque : 
 
 S^ta genitus ciimfratre Remus banc condidit urbem. Manil. Lib. 4. 
 
 The Scales rule Italy, where Rome commands, 
 
 And fpreads its empire wide to foreign lands : 
 
 They hang upon her nod, their fates are weigh'd j 
 
 By her, and laws are fent to be obey'd : 
 
 And as her pow'rful favour turns the poize, 
 
 How low fome nations fink and others rife ! 
 ♦ So Vof- Thus guide the Scales, and then to fix our doom, 
 
 jiusica. s They gave us * Cafar, Founder of our Rome. Mr. Creech.. 
 
 Fig. 4. The Thunderbolt is a reverfe of Augujius. We fee it ufed by the greateft 
 Poet of the fame age to exprefs a terrible and irrefiftable force in battle, which 
 is probably the meaning of it on this Medal, for in another place the fame 
 Poet applys the fame metaphor x.o Augujliis% perfon. 
 
 .■ ■■ '- duo Fulmina belli 
 
 Scipiadas — > Virg. iEn. Lib. 6. 
 
 ^ Who can declare 
 
 The Scipio's worth, thofe Thunderbolts of war ? Mr. Dry den. 
 
 • dum 
 
of Ancient Medals. 4^1 
 
 " dum Ccefar ad altwn 
 
 Fulminat Euphratem bello Id. Georg. Lib. 4. 
 
 While mighty Cafar, thund'ring from afar, 
 
 Seeks on Euphrates banks the fpoils of war. Mr. Drydev. 
 
 I have fometimes wondered, fays Eugenius, why the Latin Poets fo frequent- 
 ly give the Epithets of trifidum and trifulcum to the Thunderbolt. I am now 
 perfuaded they took it from the fculptors and painters that lived before them, 
 and had generally given it three forks as in the prefent figure. Virgil infift? 
 on the number three in its defcription, and feems to hint at the wings we 
 fee on it. He has worked up fuch a noife and terror in the compofition of 
 his Thunderbolt as cannot be expreffed by a pencil or graving-tool. 
 
 'J^res imbris torti radios, tres nubis aquofa 
 
 Addiderant, rutili tres ignis, et Alitis Aujlri. 
 
 Fulgores nunc terrijicos Jbnitumque metumque 
 
 Mifcebant operi, fammifque fequacibus iras. Virg. JEn. Lib. 8. 
 
 Three rays of writhen rain, of fire three more, 
 
 Of winged fouthern winds, and cloudy ftore 
 
 As many parts, the dreadful mixture frame, 
 
 And fears are added, and avenging flame. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Our next reverfe is an Oaken Garland, which we find on abundance of Im- Fig. f. 
 perial Coins. I (hall not here multiply quotations to fhow that the garland 
 of Oak was the reward of fuch as had faved the life of a citizen, but will 
 give you a paflage out of Claudian, where the compliment to Stilico is the 
 fame that we have here on the Medal. I queftion not but the old Coins gave 
 the thought to the Poet. 
 
 Mos erat in veterum cajlris, ut tempora quercii 
 Velaret, validis qiii*fufo viribus hojie 
 Cafurum potuit morti fubducere eivem. 
 At tibi qua poterit pro tantis civica reddi 
 Mi^nibus? aut quanta penfabunt faSta corona? 
 
 Clau. dc Lau. Stil. Lib. 3. 
 
 Of old, when in the war's tumultuous ftrife 
 
 A Roman fav'd a brother Romans life. 
 
 And foil'd the threatning foe, our Sires decreed 
 
 An Oaken Garland for the vidtor's meed. 
 
 Thou, who haft fav'd whole crowds, whole towns fet free, 
 
 What groves, what woods, (hall furnifli crowns for thee ? 
 
 It 
 
^61 Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 It is not to be fuppofed that the Emperor had adlually covered a Roman in bat- 
 tle. It is enough that he had driven out a tyrant, gained a vidtory, or reftored 
 Juftice. For in any of thefe or the like cafes he may very w^ell be faid to have 
 faved the life of a citizen, and by confequence entitled to the reward of it. 
 Accordingly we find Firgil diftributing his Oaken garlands to thofe that had 
 enlarged or flrength'ned the dominions of Rome ; as we may learn from Sta- 
 tius that the ftatue of Curtius, who had facriiiced himfelf for the good of the 
 people, had the head furrounded with the fime kind of ornament. 
 
 Atqiie umbrata gerunt chili tempora qitercu. 
 
 Hi tibi Nomentuniy et Gabios, urbemque Fidenam^ 
 
 Hi Collatinas imponent montibus arces. Virg. Mn. Lib. 6. ' 
 
 But they, who crown'd with Oaken wreaths appear, 
 
 Shall Gabian walls and ftrong Fidetia rear : 
 
 Nomentumt Bo/ay with Pometia, found; 
 
 And raife Colatiafi tow'rs on rocky ground. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Ipfe loci cuftoSy cujusfacrata vorago, 
 
 Famofufque lacm nomen memorabile fervat, 
 
 Innuvieros aris fonitus, et verbere crudo 
 
 Vt fenfit mugire forum, movet horrida fanElo 
 
 Orafitu, merit dque caput verier abile quercu. Statlus Sylv. Lib. i . 
 
 The Guardian of that Lake, which boafts to claim 
 A fure memorial from the Ciirtian name ; 
 Rous'd by th' artificers, whofe mingled found 
 From the loud Forum pierc'd the fhades profound. 
 The hoary vifion rofe confefs'd in view. 
 And fliook the Civic wreath that bound his brow. 
 
 Fie. 6. The two horns that you fee on the next Medal arQ« emblems of Plenty. 
 
 . apparetque beata pleno 
 
 Copia Cornu. Hon Car. ^"sc. 
 
 Your Medallifts tell us that two Horns on a Coin fignlfy an extraordinary 
 Plenty. But I fee no foundation for this conjefture. Why fhould they not 
 as well have ftamped two Thunder-bolts, two Cadiiceus's, or two Ships, to 
 reprefent an extraordinary force, a lafting peace, or an unbounded happinefs. 
 I rather think that the double Cornu-copia relates to the double tradition of its 
 original. Some reprefenting it as the horn of Achelous broken off by Hercu- 
 lesy and others as the horn of the Goat that gave fuck to Jupiter. 
 
 rigidum 
 
of Anc'tent Medals. aci 
 
 . . rigidumfera dextera cornu 
 
 Dum tenet, infregit ; truncdque a fronte revellit. 
 Naiades hoc, pomis et odor o fore reflet um, 
 Sacrdrunt ; divefque meo bona Copia cornu eji. 
 Dixerat : at Nymphe ritufuccinSla Diana 
 Una minijlrarum, fujis utrinque capillis, 
 InceJJit, totumque tulit prcedivite cornu 
 Autumnum, et men/as felicia foma fecundas. 
 
 De Acheloi Cornu. Ov. Met. Li. 9. 
 
 Nor yet his fury cool'd j 'twixt rage and fcorn, 
 From my maim'd front he bore the flubborn horn : 
 This, heap'd with flowers and fruits the Naiads bear, 
 Sacred to Plenty and the bounteous year. 
 
 He fpoke ; when lo a beauteous Nymph appears, 
 Girt like Dianas train, with flowing hairs ; 
 The horn (he brings, in which all Autumn's ftor'd ; 
 And ruddy apples for the fecond board. Mr. Gay. 
 
 Lac dabat ilia Deo : fidfregit in arbore cornu j 
 
 T'runcaque dimidid parte decoris erat. 
 Sujiulit hoc Nymphe; cinBumque recentibm herbis, 
 
 Et plenum pomis ad Jovis or a tulit. 
 Ilk, ubi res cceli tenuit, folioque paterno 
 
 Sedit, et inviBo ftil Jove majus erat, 
 Sidera nutricem, nutricis fertile cornu 
 
 Fecit ; quod domina nunc quoque nomen habet. 
 
 De Cornu Amaltheas. Ov. de Faft. Lib. 5. 
 
 The God flie fuckled of old Rhea born ; 
 And in the pious office broke her horn. 
 As playful in a rifted Oak ihe tofl 
 Her hcedlefs head, and half its honours loft. 
 Fair Amalthcea took it off the ground, 
 With apples fiU'd it and with garlands bound, 
 Which to the fmiling infant flie convey'd. 
 He, when the fceptre of the Gods he fway'd, 
 When bold he feiz'd his father's vacant throne. 
 And reign'd the tyrant of the skies alone. 
 Bid his rough nurfe the ftarry Heavens adorn. 
 And grateful in the Zodiac fix'd her Horn. 
 
 Betwixt 
 
4^4 Dialogues upon the U/efulnefs 
 
 Betwixt the double Cornu-copia you fee Mercurfs rod. 
 
 Cyllenes coelique decus, facunde minifler^ 
 Aurea cut torto virga dracone •viret. Mart. Lib. 7. Epig. 74. 
 
 Defcend, Cyllene's tutelary God, 
 
 With ferpents twining round thy golden rod. 
 
 It ftands on old Coins as an emblem of Peace, by reafon of its fluplfying qua- 
 lity that has gained it the title of Firgafomnifera. It has wings, for another 
 quality that Firgi! mentions in his defcription of it. 
 
 — — — hac fretus ventos et nubila tranat. Virg. 
 
 Thus arm'd, the God begins his airy race. 
 And drives the racking clouds along the liquid fpace. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 The two heads over the two Cornu-copia are of the Emperor's children, who 
 are fometimes called among the Poets the pledges of Peace, as they took away 
 the occafions of war in cutting off all difputes to the fucceffion. 
 
 • tu mihi primum 
 
 'Tot natorum memoranda paretis — — 
 Utero toties enixa gravi 
 
 Pignora pacts. Sen. Odlav. Ad. 5. 
 
 Thee firft kind author of my joys. 
 Thou fource of many fmiling boys. 
 Nobly contented to beftow 
 A pledge of peace in every throe. 
 
 This Medal therefore compliments the Emperor on his two children, whom 
 it reprefents as public bleffings that promife Peace and Plenty to the Empire. 
 
 Fig. 7. The two hands that joyn one another are Emblems of Fidelity. 
 
 Inde Fides dextraque data Ov, Met. L. 14. 
 
 Sociemus animos^ pignus hocjidei cape, 
 
 Continge dextram < Sen.Herc. Fur. Ad. 2. 
 
 , -■ en dextra fidefque 
 
 ^emfecum patrios aiunt fortare penates ! Virg. JEn. Lib. 4. 
 
 See now the promis'd faith, the vaunted name. 
 The pious man, who, rufliing thro' the flame, 
 Preferv'd his Gods • Mr. Dryden. 
 
 By 
 
of Am'tent Medals. 4(^5 
 
 By the Infcription we may fee that they reprefent in this place the Fidelity or 
 Loyalty of the public towards their Emperor. The Caduceus riling betwe.en 
 the hands fignifies the Peace that arifes from fuch an union with their Prince, 
 as the fpike of Corn on each fide fliadows out the Plenty that is the fruit of 
 fuch a peace. 
 
 Pax Cererem nutrif, pads alumna Ceres. Ov. de Faft. Lib. r . 
 
 ' The giving of a hand, in the reverfe of Claudius, is a token of good will.Ffg. 8. 
 For when, after the death of his nephew Caligula, Claudius was in no fmall 
 apprehenfion for his own life, he was, contrary to his expedlation, well re- 
 ceived among the Pratorian guards, and afterwards declared their Emperor. 
 His reception is here recorded on a Medal, in which one of the Enfigns 
 prefents him his hand, in the fame fenfe as Anchifcs gives it in the following 
 verfes; 
 
 Ipfe pater dcxtram Anchijes baud mult a moratus 
 
 Dat juvetii, atque animum prafenti munere Jirmat. Virg. ^n. Lib. 3. 
 
 The old weather-beaten foldier that carries in his hand the Roman Eagle, is the 
 fame kind of officer that you meet with in "Juvenal's fourteenth Satire. 
 
 Dirue Maurorum attegias, cajlella Brigantum, 
 TJt locupletem Aquilam tibi fexagefimus annus 
 Afferat Juv. Sat. 14. 
 
 I remember in one of the Poets the Signifer is defcribed with a Lion's skin 
 over his head and flioulders, like this we fee in the Medal, but at prefent I 
 cannot recoUedl the paflage. Virgil has given us a noble defcription of a 
 warrior making his appearance under a Lion's skin. 
 
 . • tegtnen torquens immane Leonis 
 
 'Terribili impexumfetdy cum dent i bus albis 
 
 Indutus capiti, fic regia te£iafubibat 
 
 HorriduSy Herculeoque humeros indutus amiBu. Virg. ^n. Lib. 7, 
 
 Like Hercules himfelf his Son appears, 
 
 In falvage pomp : a Lion's hide he wears ; 
 
 About his ftioulders hangs the fliaggy skin, 
 
 The teeth, and gaping jaws feverely grin. 
 
 Thus like the God his father, homely dreft, 
 
 He flrides into the hall, a horrid gueft ! Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Vol. L O o o ' Since 
 
4<J^ Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Since you have mentioned the drefs of your Standard-bearer, fays Cynthio, I 
 cannot forbear remarking that of Claudius, which was the ufual Roman ha- 
 bit. One may fee in this Medal, as well as in any antique Statues, that the 
 old Romans had their necks and arms bare, and as much expofed to view as 
 our hands and faces are at prefent. Before I had made this remark, I have 
 fometimes wondered to fee the Roman Poets, in their defcriptions of a beau- 
 tiful man, fo often mentioning the Turn of his Neck and Arms, that in our 
 modern dreffes lie out of fight, and are covered under part of the cloathing. 
 Not to trouble you with many quotations, Horace fpeaks of both thefe parts 
 of the body in the beginning of an Ode, that in my opinion may be reckon- 
 ed among the finefl: of his book, for the naturalnefs of the thought, and the 
 beauty of the exprelllon. 
 
 Dum tu Lydia Telephi 
 Cervicem rofeam, & cerea Telephi 
 
 Laudas brachia, v<e meum 
 Fernjens difficili bile tumet jecur. 
 
 When Telephus his youthful charms^ 
 
 His rofy neck, and winding arms. 
 
 With endlefs rapture you recite, 
 
 And in that pleafing name delight ; 
 
 My heart, inflam'd by jealous heats. 
 
 With numberlefs refentments beats ; ^ 
 
 From my pale cheek the colour flies^ 
 
 And all the Man within me dies. 
 
 It was probably this particular in the Roman habit that gave Virgil the 
 thought in the following verfe, where Remulus, among other reproaches that 
 he makes the Trojans for their foftnefs and effeminacy, upbraids them with 
 the Make of their Tunicas that had fleeves to them, and did not leave the 
 arms naked and expofed to the weather like that of the Romans. 
 
 Et tunica manicas, et habent redimicula mitra. 
 
 Virffil lets us know in another place, that the Italians preferved their old 
 language and habits, notwithftanding the Trojans became their Maflers, and 
 that the Trojans themfelves quitted the drefs of their own country for that 
 of Italy. This he tells us was the efFed of a prayer that Juno made to 
 Jupiter. 
 
 Jllud 
 
of Ancient Medals.' 4^7 
 
 Illud te, nulla fati quod lege tenetur^ 
 
 Fro Latio obtejior, pro majejlate tuorum : 
 
 Cum jam connubiis pacem felicibui (ejlo;) 
 
 Component, cum jam leges et f(iedera jungent; 
 
 Ne vetus indigenas nomen mutare Latinos, 
 
 Neu T'roas fieri jubeas, 'Teucrofque vocari ; 
 
 Aut vocem mutare viros, out vertere %'efies. 
 
 Sit Latium, fint Albani per facula reges : 
 
 Sit Romana pot ens It aid virfute propago: 
 
 Occidit, occideritque fmas cum nomine Troja. ^n. lib. 12. 
 
 This let me beg (and this no Fates withfland) 
 
 Both for my felf, and for your father's land. 
 
 That when the nuptial bed fliall bind the peace, 
 
 (Which I, fince you ordain, confent to blefs) 
 
 The laws of either nation be the fame ; 
 
 But let the Latins ftill retain their name : 
 
 Speak the fame language, whicli they fpoke before. 
 
 Wear the fame habits, which their Grandfires wore. 
 
 Call them not Trojans : perifli the renown 
 
 And name of Troy, with that detefted town. 
 
 Latiutn be Latium ftill : let Alba reign. 
 
 And Rome's immortal Majefty remain. Mr. Dryden 
 
 By the way, I have often admired at Firgil for reprefenting his Juno with 
 fuch an impotent kind of revenge as what is the fubjedl of this fpeech. You 
 may be fure, fays Eugenius, that Firgil knew very well this was a trifling 
 kind of requeft for the Queen of the Gods to make, as we may find by Jupi- 
 ter's way of accepting it. 
 
 Olli fubridens hominum rerumque repertor : 
 
 Et germana Jovis, Saturnique altera proles : 
 
 Irarum tantos volvisfub peBorefiuBus ? 
 
 Verum age, et inceptum fruftrafubmitte furorem.' 
 
 DOf quod vis ; et me viBufque volenfque remitto. 
 
 Sermoncm Aufonii patrium morefque tenebunt. 
 
 Utque ejl, nomen erit : commixti cor pore tantlim 
 
 Subfident Teucri : morem ritujque j'acrorum 
 
 Adjici am, faciamque omnes imo ore Latinos. &c. ./En. Lib. 12, 
 
 O o o 2 Then 
 
4^8 Dialogues upon the Ufefulne/s 
 
 Then thus the Founder of mankind replies. 
 
 (Unruffled was his front, ferene his eyes,) 
 
 Can Saturn's iflue, and Heav'ns other Heir, 
 
 Such endlefs anger in her bcfom bear ? 
 
 Be Miftrefs, and your full defines obtain j 
 
 But quench the choler you foment in vain. 
 
 From ancient blood th'Aufofiian people fprung. 
 
 Shall keep their name, their habit, and their tongue. 
 
 The T'rojans to their cufloms ihall be ty'd, 
 
 I will my felf their common rites provide ; 
 
 The natives fhall command, the foreigners fubfide ; 
 
 And fhall be Latium; Troy without a name : 
 
 And her loft fons forget from whence they came. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 
 I am apt to think Virgil had a further view in this requeft of Juno than what 
 his Commentators have difcovered in it. He knew very well that his Mneid 
 was founded on a very doubtful ftory, and that Mneass coming into Italy 
 was not univerfally received among the Romans themfelves. He knew too 
 that a main objedtion to this ftory was the great difference of Cuftoms, Lan- 
 guage and Habits among the Romans and T^rojans. To obviate therefore fo 
 ftrong an objedion, he makes this difference to arife from the forecaft and 
 pra:-determination of the Gods themfelves. But pray what is the name 
 of the Lady in the next Medal ? Methinks ftie is very particular in her 
 Qupiffure. 
 Fjg. 9. It is the emblem of Fruitfulnefs, fays Philander, and was deligned as a. 
 compliment to °Julia the wife of Septimius Severus, who had the fame num- 
 ber of children as you fee on this Coin. Her head is crowned with towers in 
 allufion to Cybele the mother of the Gods, and for the fame reafon that Virgil 
 compares the city of Rome to her. 
 
 Felix prole virAm, qualis Berecynthia mater 
 
 Invehitur curru Phrygias turrita per urbes. 
 
 Lata Deum partu VIrg. Es\.. Li.. 6. 
 
 High as the mother of the Gods in place, 
 
 And proud, like her, of an immortal race. 
 
 Then when in pomp ftie makes a Phrygian round, 
 
 "With golden turrets on her temples crown'd. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 The Vine iffuing out of the Urn fpeaks the fame fenfe as that in the Pfalmift. 
 Thy wijejhall be as the fruitful vine on the walls of thy houfe. The four Stars 
 
 4 overhead. 
 
of Anc'tent Medals. 46<; 
 
 overhead, and the fame number on the Globe, reprefent the four children. 
 There is a Medalion of Romulus and Remus fucking the wolf, with a Star over 
 each of their heads, as we find the Latin Poets fpeaking of the children of 
 Princes under the fame metaphor. 
 
 Utgue tui faciunt fidus juvenile nepotes. 
 
 Per tua perque fui faSla parentis cant. Ov. de Trif Li. 2. EI. r. 
 
 ■- jTa quoque extinBus jaces, 
 
 Defende nobis femper, infelix puer. 
 
 Mode fidus or bis, columen augufta domus^' 
 
 Britannice Sen. Odav. Ad. i* 
 
 Thou too dear youth, to afhes turn'd, 
 Britannicus, for ever mourn'd! 
 Thou Star that wont this Orb to grace f 
 Thou pillar of the Julian race ! 
 
 i Maneas hominum contentus habenis, 
 
 Undarum terraque poteiis, etfidera dones. Stat. Theb. Li. i. 
 
 . — Stay, great Cafar, and vouchfafe to reign 
 
 O'er the wide earth, and o'er the watry main ; 
 
 Refign to Jove his Empire of the skies. 
 
 And people Heav'n with Roman Deities, Mr. Pofe. 
 
 I need not mention Homer" % comparing AJlyanax to the Morning-ftar, nor 
 Virgil's imitation of him in his defcription of Afcanius. 
 
 The next Medal was ftampt on the marriage of Nero and OSlavia ; you F'g' lo. 
 fee the Sun over the head oi Nero, and the Moon over xhditoi OBavia. They 
 face one another according to the fituation of thefe two Planets in the 
 Heavens. 
 
 . ■ — — Phcebeis obvia flammis 
 
 Demet no5li Luna titnores. ' Sen. Thyeft. Ad:. 4. 
 
 And to fliew that OSlavia derived her whole luftre from the friendly afped 
 of her husband. 
 
 Sicut Luna fuo tunc tan turn deficit or be, 
 
 ^um Thoebum adverfiis currentem non vidit ajlris. Manil. Lib. 4. 
 
 Becaufe the Moon then only feels decay. 
 
 When oppofite unto her brother's ray. Mr. Creech. 
 
 But if we confider the hiftory of this Medal, we fliall find more Fancy in 
 it than the Medallifls have yet difcovered. Nero and OBavia were not only 
 
 husband 
 
47 o Dialogues upon the Ufefukefs 
 
 husband and wife, but brother and filler, Claudius being the father of both. 
 We have this relation between them marked out in the Tragedy of O^^o)/*/, 
 where it fpeaks of her marriage with Nero. 
 
 Fratris thalamos fortita tenet 
 
 Maxima Juno : foror Augujii 
 
 Sociata toris, cur a patrid 
 
 Fellitur Aula ? Sen. Oft. A£t. i. 
 
 To Jove his fifler confort wed, 
 Uncenfur'd fliares her brother's bed: 
 Shall Cafars wife and fifter wait. 
 An Exile at her husband's gate ? 
 
 Implebit aulam Jiirpe coelejli tuam 
 
 Generata divQ^ Claudice gentis decus, 
 
 Sortita fratris, more Ju?ionis, toros. Ibid. A<51. 2. 
 
 Thy filter, bright with ev'ry blooming grace, 
 Will mount thy bed t'inlarge the Claudian race : 
 And proudly teeming with fraternal love, 
 Shall reign a Juno with the Roman Jove, 
 
 They are therefore very prettily reprefented by the Sun and Moon, who as 
 they are the moll glorious parts of the univerfe, are in poetical genealogy 
 brother and filler. Firgi I gives us a light of them in the fame pofition that 
 they regard each other on this Medal. 
 
 Nee Fratris radii s ohnoxia furgere Luna. Virg. Georg. i. 
 
 Fig. II. The flattery on the next Medal is in the fame thought as that oi Lucretius, 
 Ipfe Epicurus obit decurfo lumine vitce ; 
 ^i genus humanum ingeniofuperavit, et omneis 
 Frafiinxit, fiellas exortus uti atherius Sol. Lucret. Lib. 3. 
 
 Nay, Epicurus' race of life is run ; 
 
 That man of wit, who other men ouriTione; 
 
 As far as meaner liars the mid-day Sun. '^ Mr. Creech. 
 
 The Emperor appears as the Rifing Sun, and holds a Globe in his hand, to 
 iigure out the Earth that is enlightned and adluated by his beauty. 
 
 Sol qui terrarum Jlammis opera omnia lujiras. Virg. 
 
 I— — , ubi primos crajiinus ortus 
 
 Extukrit Titan, radiifque retexerit orbem. Id. 
 
 When 
 
of Anctent Medals. 471 
 
 When next the Sun his riling light difplays, 
 
 And gilds the world below with purple rays. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 On his head you fee the rays that feem to grow out of it. Claudian in the 
 defcription of his infant Titan defcants on this glory about his head, but has 
 run his defcription into mofl wretched fuftian. 
 
 Jnvalidum dextro portat Titana lacerto, 
 Nondum luce gravem, nee pubefcentibus alte 
 Crijiatum radii s ; primo dementi or avo 
 Fingitur, et tenerum "vagitu defpuit ignem. 
 
 Claud, de rapt. Prof. Lib. 2. 
 
 An infant Titan held fhe in her arms; 
 
 Yet fufferably bright, the eye might bear 
 
 The ungrown glories of his beamy hair. 
 
 Mild was the babe, and from his cries there came 
 
 A gentle breathing and a harmlefs flame. " 
 
 The Sun rifes on a Medal of Commodusy as Ovid defcribes him in the flory p| 
 of Phaeton. 
 
 Ardua prima via ejl^ et qua vix mane recentes 
 
 Enituntur equi — — Ov. Met. Lib. 2. 
 
 You have here too the four horfes breaking through the clouds in their morn- 
 ing pafTage. 
 
 - Pyroeis, et Eous, et Mthon, 
 
 Solis equi, quartufque Phlegon —-' Ibid, 
 
 Corripucre viam, pedibufque per a'era metis 
 
 Objlantes fcindunt nebulas Ibid. 
 
 The woman underneath reprefents the Earth, as Ovid has drawn her fitting 
 in the fame figure. 
 
 Sujlulit omniferos collo tenus arida vultus ; 
 
 Oppofuitque manumfronti, magnoque tremor e 
 
 Omnia concutiens paulum J'ubfedtt. Ibid. 
 
 The earth at length 
 
 Uplifted to the heav'ns her blafted head, 
 And clapt her hands upon her brows, and faid, 
 (But firft, impatient of the fultry heat. 
 Sunk deeper down, and fought a cooler feat.) 
 
 The Cornu-copia in her hand is a type of her fruitfulnefs, as in the fpeech 
 fhe makes to Jupiter, Hofne 
 
472- Dialogues tdpon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Hofne mthi fruSlus, hunc fertilitath honor em. 
 
 Officii que refers'? quod adiinci vulnera aratri 
 
 Rajirorumque feroy totoque exerceor anno ? 
 
 ^(od pecori frondesy alimentaque tnitiafrugei 
 
 Humano generi, 'uobis quoque tbura minijiro ? Ibid. 
 
 And does the plow for this my body tear? 
 This the reward for all the fruits I bear, 
 Tortur'd with rakes, and harrafs'd all the year ? 
 That herbs for cattle daily I renew, 
 And food for man, and frankincenfe for you ? 
 
 So much for the defigning part of the Medal ; as for the thought of it, the 
 Antiquaries are divided upon it. For my part I cannot doubt but it was 
 made as a compliment to Commodus on his skill in the chariot-race. It isfup- 
 pofed that the fame occafion furniflied Lucan with the fame thought in his 
 . addrefs to Nero. 
 
 Seu te Jlammigeros Fhoebi confcendere cur r us, 
 
 'Telluremque, nihil miitatofole, timentem 
 
 Igne vago lujlrare juvet ■ Luc. Lib. i. ad Neroncm,' 
 
 Or if thou chufe the empire of the day. 
 
 And make the Sun's unwilling fteeds obey; 
 
 Aufpicious if thou drive the flaming team. 
 
 While earth rejoices in thy gentler beam •■ ■ " ■ Mr. Rowe. 
 
 This is fo natural an allufion, that we find the courfe of the Sun defcribed 
 in the Poets by metaphors borrowed from the Circus, 
 
 Shium fufpenfus eat 'Phcebus, currumque refedlat 
 
 Hue illuc agiles, etfervet in cethere met as. Manil. Lib. i. 
 
 ...^ .Hefperiopofitas in litfore mefas, Ov. Met, Lib. 2. 
 
 Et Sol ex aquo metd dijiabat utraque. Idem. 
 
 However it be, we are fure in general it is a comparing of Commodus to the 
 Sun, which is a fimile of as long ftanding as poetry, I had almofl faid, as 
 the Sun it felf. 
 
 I believe, fays Cynthio, there is fcarce a great man he ever fhone upon that 
 has not been compared to him. I look on fimiles as a part of his produdli- 
 ons. I do not know whether he raifes fruits or flowers in greater number. 
 Horace has turned this comparifon into ridicule feventeen hundred years 
 
 •— «- laudat 
 
of Anctent Medals, 473 
 
 laudat Brutuniy laiidatque cohortem^ 
 
 Solem Afia Brutum appellat — Hor. Sat. 7. Lib. i. 
 
 He praifeth Brutus much and all his train ; 
 
 He calls himy^^'s Sun — Mr. Creech. 
 
 You have now fliown us perfons under the difgulfe of Stars, Moons and 
 Suns. I fuppofe we have at laft done with the coeleftial bodies. 
 
 The next figure you fee, fays Philander, had once a place in the heavens. Fig- 13. 
 if you will believe ccclefiaftical ftory. It is the fign that is faid to have ap- 
 peared to Conjiafitine before the battle with Maxcntius. We are told by a 
 Chriftian Poet, that he caufed it to be wrought on the military Enfign that 
 the Romans call their Labarum. And it is on this Enfign that we find it in 
 the prefent Medal. 
 
 Chriftus purpureum gemmaiitl. textus in auro 
 
 Signabat Labarum. Prudent, contra Symm. Lib. I. _ 
 
 A Chrift was on th' Imperial flandard born, 
 That Gold embroiders, and that Gemms adorn. 
 
 By the word Chrijlus he means ^without doubt the prefent figure, which is 
 compofed out of the two Initial letters of the name. 
 
 He bore the fame fign in his ftandards, as you may fee in the following Fig- 14. 
 Medal and verfes. 
 
 Agnofcas, Regina, libens meafigna necejfe ejl : 
 In quibus Effigies Crucis aut gemmata refulget, 
 Aut longisfolido ex auro prcefertur in hajlis. 
 
 Conftantinus Romam alloquitur. Ibid. 
 
 My Enfign let the Queen of nations praife, 
 That rich in gemms the Chriftian Crofs difplays: 
 There rich in gemms ; but on my quiv'ring fpears 
 In folid gold the facred mark appears. 
 
 Vexillumque Crucis fummus dominator adorat. Id. in Apotheofi. 
 
 See there the Crofs he wav'd on hoftile (hores. 
 The Emperor of all the world adores. 
 
 But to return to our Labarum ; if you have a mind to fee it in a ftate of Fig. ij. 
 Paganifm you have it on a Coin of Tiberius. It ftands between two other 
 Enfigns, and is the mark of a Roman Colony where the Medal was ftamped. 
 By the way you muft obferve, that where-ever the Romans fixed their ftandards 
 
 Vol. I. P P P tliey 
 
474 Dialogues upon the UJefulnefs 
 
 they looked on that place as their country, and thought themfelves obliged to 
 defend it with their lives. For this reafon their flandards were always carry- 
 ed before them when they went to fettle themfelves in a Colony. This gives 
 the meaning of a couple of verfes in Silius Italicus, that make a very far- 
 fetcht compliment to Fab'ius. 
 
 Ocyus hue Aquilas fervataquefigna referte^ 
 
 Hie pat ri a eji^ murique urbis Jiant peSlore in uno. Sil. It. Li. 7. 
 
 Fig- 1<5. The following Medal was ftamped on 'Trajan^ vidlory over the Daci^ 
 you fee on it the figure of Trajan prefenting a little Victory to Rome. Be- 
 tween them lies the conquered province of Dacia. It may be wortli while 
 to obferve the particularities in each figure-. We fee abundance of perfons 
 en old Coins that hold a little ^/t^ory in one hand, like this o£ Trajan, which, 
 is always the fign of a Conqueft. I have fometimes fancied Firgil alludes to 
 this cuftom in a verfe that Turnus fpeaks. 
 
 Non adeo has exofa mania Vi^oriafiigit. Virg. iEn.. Li, ir,. 
 
 If you confent, he {hall not be refus'd. 
 
 Nor find a hand to Vidlory unus'd. Mr. Dry den. 
 
 The Emperor's ftanding in a Gown, and making a prefent of his Daeian- 
 Vidlory to the city of RomCy agrees very well with Claudian's Charafter of 
 him. 
 
 •viStiira feretiir 
 
 Gloria Trajani ; non tarn quodt Tigride viSfOy 
 
 Nojlra triumphatifuerintprovineia ^arthi^ 
 
 Alt a quod inve£liisjiratis eapitolia Daeis : 
 
 ^am patrice quod mitts erat. . . . Claud, de 4/(3. Conf. Honon. 
 
 Thy glory, Trajan, {hall for-ever liver 
 
 Not that thy arms the Tigris mourn'd, o'ercome. 
 
 And tributary 'Parthia bow'd to Rome, 
 
 Not that the Capitol receiv'd thy train 
 
 With {houts of triumph for the Daci flainr 
 
 But for thy mildnefs to thy country {hown.. 
 
 The city of Rome carries the Wand in her hand that Is the {ymbol of her 
 Divinity. 
 
 Delubrum Roma [coliiur nam f anguine et ipfa 
 
 More Dea)——^ » Prudent, cent, Sym. L. i.' 
 
 For 
 
of Ancient M e d a l s. aj^ 
 
 For Rome, a Goddefs too can boaft her fhrine, 
 With vidlims llain'd, and fought with rites divine. 
 
 As the Globe under her feet betokens her dominion over all the nations of 
 the earth. 
 
 't err arum Dea, Gentiumqiie Roma; 
 
 Cui par eji nihilt & nihil fecundum. Mart. Li, ii. Epig. 8. 
 
 O Rome, thou Goddefs of the earth! 
 To whom no rival e'er had birth ; 
 Nor fecond e'er fliall rife. 
 
 The heap of arms flie fits on fignifies the Peace that the Emperor had pro- 
 cured her. On old Coins we often fee an Emperor, a ViSlory^ the city of 
 Rome, or a flave, fitting on a heap of arms, which always marks out the 
 Peace that arofe from fuch an adtion as gave occafion to the Medal. I think 
 we cannot doubt but Virgil copied out this circumftance from the ancient 
 Sculptors, in that inimitable defcription he has given us of Military Fury 
 fhut up in the Temple of Janus and loaden with chains. 
 
 Claudentur belli porta : Furor impius infus 
 
 Savafedem fuper arma, ef centum vin£lus ahenii 
 
 Pojl tergum nodis, fremet borridus ore cruento, Virg. ^En.Li, I, 
 
 yanus himfclf before his fane fhall wait. 
 
 And keep the dreadful iflues of his gate, 
 
 With bolts and iron bars: within remains 
 
 Imprifon'd Fury, bound in brazen chains: 
 
 High on a Trophy rais'd of ufelefs arms 
 
 He fits, and threats the world with dire alarms. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 We are told by the old Scholiafi:, fays Eugenius, that there was adVually fuch 
 a ftatue in the Temple of Janus as that Firgil has here defcrlbed, which I 
 am almoft apt to believe, fince you aflure us that this part of the defign is 
 fo often met with on ancient Medals. But have you nothing to remark on 
 the figure of the Province ? Her pofture, fays Thilander, is what we often 
 meet with in the flaves and captives of old Coins: among the Poets too, 
 fitting on the ground is a mark of Mifery or Captivity. 
 
 Multos ilia dies incomtis mafia capillis 
 
 Seder at Propert. Li. i . 
 
 O utinam ante tuos fedeam caftiva penates. Id. L. 4. 
 
 O might I fit a captive at t]iy gate ! 
 
 Ppp 2 You 
 
47<^ Dialogues t4pon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Fig. 17. You have the fame pofture in an old Coin that celebrates a vidory of 
 Lucius Verus over the Tarthians. The captive's hands are here bound be- 
 hind him, as a farther inflance of his flavery. 
 
 Ecce manus juvenem interea pojl ferga revinSfum, 
 
 Pajlores magna ad Regem clamoreferebant. Virg. iEn. L. 2. 
 
 Mean while, with fhouts, the 'Trojan fliepherds bring 
 
 A captive Greek in bands before the King. Mr. Dryd^n. 
 
 Cui dedit invitas vi£ia noverca manus. Ovid, de Faft. 
 
 Ciitn rudis urgentt brachia viBa dedi. Propert. Li. 4. 
 
 We may learn from Ovid that it was fometimes the cuftom to place a flave 
 with his arms bound at the foot of the Trophy, as in the figure before us. 
 
 Stentque fuper vitiBos trunca trophaa viros. Ov. Ep, ex Ponto L. 4, 
 
 You fee on his head the cap which the Parthians, and indeed moft of the 
 eaftern nations, wear on Medals. They had not probably the ceremony of 
 veiling the Bonnet in their falutations, for in Medals they ftill have it on 
 their heads, whether they are before Emperors or Generals, kneeling, fit- 
 ting, or {landing. Martial has diftinguiflied them by this cap as their, chief 
 charadleriftic. 
 
 Frujira blanditia venitis ad me 
 
 Attritis mij'erabiles labellis, 
 
 DiBuriis doffiinum, deu?nque nonfum : 
 
 Jam non eji locus hdc in urhe vobis. 
 
 Ad Parthos procul ite pileatos, 
 
 Et turpes^ humilejque fupplicefque 
 
 PiSlorutn fola bafiate regum. Mart. Epig. 72, Li. lo^ 
 
 In vain, mean flatteries, ye trie, 
 To gnaw the lip, and fall the eye; 
 No man a God or Lord I name: 
 From Ro?nam far be fuch a fhame ! 
 Go teach the fupple Parthian how 
 To veil the Bonnet on his brow: 
 Or on the ground all proflrate fling 
 Some PiBj before his barbarous King. 
 
 I cannot hear, fays Cynthio, without a kind of indignation, the fatyrical re- 
 fledlions that Martial has made on the memory of Domitian. It is certain 
 fo ill an Emperor deferved all the reproaches that could be heaped upon 
 
 him. 
 
of Anaent Medals. 477 
 
 film, but he could not deferve them o^ Martial. I muft: confcfs I am lefs 
 fcandahfed at the flatteries the Epigrammatift paid him living, than the in- 
 gratitude he (howed him dead. A man may be betrayed into the one by an 
 over-ftrained complaifance, or by a temper extremely fenfible of favours and 
 obligations: whereas the other can arife from nothing but a natural bafenefs 
 and villany of foul. It does not always happen, fays Philander, that the 
 Poet and the honeft man meet together in the fame perfon. I think we 
 need enlarge no farther on this Medal, unlefs you have a mind to compare 
 the Trophy on it with that of Mezentius in Virgil. 
 
 Ingentem quercutn decijis undique ramis 
 
 Conftituit tumulo, fulgentiaque induit arma^ 
 
 Mezetttt ducis cxuvias; tibi, magne, tropceum^. 
 
 Bellipotens : apt at rorantcs fanguine crijias, 
 
 'Telaque trunca viri, et bis fex thoraca petitum ' 
 
 PerfoJJumque locis ; clypeumque ex arejinijira 
 
 Subligat, at que enfem collofujpeiidit ebiirnum. VIrg. iEn. Li. ii. 
 
 He bar'd an ancient Oak of all her boughs: 
 
 Then orta rifing ground the trunk he plac'd-. 
 
 Which with the fpoils of his dead foe he grac'd. 
 
 The coat of arms by proud Mezentius worn. 
 
 Now on a naked Snag in triumph born. 
 
 Was hung on high; and glitter'd from afar: 
 
 A trophy facrcd to the God of war. 
 
 Above his arms, fix'd on the leaflefs wood, 
 
 Appear'd his plumy crefl:, befmear'd with blood j 
 
 His brazen buckler on the left was feen; 
 
 Trunchions of fhiver'd lances hung between: 
 
 And on the right was plac'd his Corfler, bor'd. 
 
 And to the neck was ty'd his unavailing fword. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 On the next Medal you fee the Peace that Vejpajian procured the Empire, p|g ,g^ 
 after having happily finiflied all its wars both at home and abroad. The wo- 
 man with the olive branch in her hand is the figure oi Peace. 
 
 -pignora Pads 
 
 Pratendens dextrd ramum canentis oliva. Sil. It. Li. 3 . 
 
 With the other hand (he thrufts a lighted torch under a heap of armour that 
 lies by an Altar. This alludes to a cuftom among the ancient Romans of 
 gathering up the armour that lay fcattered on the field of battle, and burn- 
 ing 
 
478 Dialogues upon the Ujefulnefs 
 
 ing it as an offering to one of their Deities. It is to this cuflom that Virgil 
 refers, and Silius Italicus has defcribed at large. 
 
 ^talis eram ciim primam aciem Pranejlefttb ipsa 
 
 Sfravii fcutorumque incendi viSlor acervos. Vir. Mn. Li. 8. 
 
 Such as I was beneath Pranejie's walls j 
 
 Then when I made the foremoft foes retire, 
 
 And fet whole heaps of conquer'd fhields on fire. Mr. Dryden, 
 
 Afi tibt^ BelUpofenSy Sacruniy conJiruBus aceroo 
 
 Ingenti mons armoruvi confurgit ad ajlra : 
 
 Ipfe manii celfam pi?ium, jiammdque cofnantem 
 
 Attolkns, duSlor Gradivum in vota ciebat : 
 
 Pj'imitias pugna, et latiltbamina belli, 
 
 Hannibal Aufonio cremat hcec de nomine 'viSlor, 
 
 Et tibiy Mars genitor, •votorum hand fur de meorum, 
 
 Arma eleSla dicat fpirantiim tiirba virorutn. 
 
 'Turn face conjeSid, popidatur fervidus ignis 
 
 Flagrantem mslem ; et ruptd caligine, in auras 
 
 ASius apex claro perfuhdit lumine campos. Sil. It. Li. 10, 
 
 To thee the Warrior-God, aloft in air 
 
 A mountain-pile of Roman arms they rear: 
 
 The Gen'ral grafping in his Vidtor hand 
 
 A pine of ftately growth, he wav'd the brand. 
 
 And cry'd, O Mars ! to thee devote I yield 
 
 Thefe choice firft fruits of Honour's purple field, 
 
 Join'd with the partners of my toil and praife. 
 
 Thy Hannibal this vow'd oblation pays ; 
 
 Grateful to thee for Latian laurels won: 
 
 Accept this homage, and abfolve thy fon. — ^ 
 
 Then, to the pile the fiaming torch he tofl; 
 In fmould'ring fmoke the light of Heav'n is lofl : 
 But when the fire increafe of fiiry gains. 
 The blaze of Glory gilds the diflant plains. 
 
 09, As for the heap of Arms, and mountain of Arms, that the Poet mentions, 
 '^ liQ' you may fee them on two Coins of Marcus Aiirelius, D e S a r m at i s and 
 De Germanis allude perhaps to the form of words that might be ufed 
 at the fetting fire to them. Aufonio de nomine. Thofe who will not al- 
 low of the interpretation I have put on thefe two lafl Medals may think it 
 
 an 
 
of Ancient Medals. 47P 
 
 an objedion that there is no torch or fire near them to fignifie any fuch allu- 
 lufion. But they may confider that on feveral Imperial Coins we meet with 
 the figure of a funeral pile, without any thing to denote the burning of it, 
 though indeed there is on fome of them a Flambeau flicking out on each 
 fide, to let us know it was to be confumed to aflies. 
 
 You have been fo intent on the burning of the Arms, fays Cynthio, that 
 you have forgotten the Pillar on your i8th Medal. You may find the hifto- 
 ry of it, fays Philander^ in Ovid de Fajiis. It was from this Pillar that the 
 fpear was toffed at the opening of a war, for which reafon the little figure on 
 the top of it holds a fpear in its hand, and Peace turns her back upon it. 
 
 Profpicit a templo fummum brevis area Ctrcum : 
 
 EJi ibi non parva parva columna not a : 
 "Hinc fokt hajla manu, belli pratiimcia, mitti; 
 
 In regem ef gentes cum placet anna capi. Ov. de faft. Li. 6. 
 
 Where the high Fane the ample Cirque commands 
 A little, but a noted pillar ftands. 
 From hence, when Rome the diftant Kings defies. 
 In form the war-denouncing Javelin flies. 
 
 The difl^erent interpretations that have been made on the next Medal feempiv. jj. 
 to be forced and unnatural. I will therefore give you my own opinion of k. 
 The vefiel is here rcprefented as ftranded. The figure before it feems to 
 come to its afliftance, and to lift it off the fliallows : for we fee the water 
 fcarce reaches up to the knees, and though it is the figure of a man {landing 
 on firm ground. His attendants, and the good ofiice he is employed upon, 
 refemble thofe the Poets often attribute to Neptune. Homer tells us, that the 
 Whales leaped up at their God's approach, as we fee in the Medal. The 
 two fmall figures that Iland naked among the waves are Sea-Deities of an in- 
 feriour rank, who are fuppofed to aflift their Sovereign in t;he fuccour he 
 gives to the diftrelTed veflel. 
 
 Cymothoe, fimul et Triton adnixus acuta 
 
 Detrudimt naves J'copulo; levat ipfe tridcnti, 
 
 Et "jafias apcrit fyrtes, et temper at aquor. Virg. ^n. Li. i, 
 
 Cymothoe, Triton, and the fea-green train 
 
 Of beauteous Nymphs, the daughters of the main. 
 
 Clear from the rocks the veflels with their hands ; 
 
 The God himfelf with ready trident ilands, C 
 
 And opes the deep, and fpreads the moving fands. Mv. Dry den. S 
 
 fern 
 
4^0 Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Jam placidis ratis extat aquis, quam gurgite ab imo 
 
 Et Thetis, et magnis Nereusjbcer erigit ulnis. Val. Flac. Li. i." 
 
 The interpreters of this Medal have miftaken thefe two figures for the repre- 
 fentation of two perfons that are drowning. But as they are both naked, and 
 drawn in a pofture rather of triumphing o'er the waves than of finking un- 
 der them, fo we fee abundance of Water-Deities on other Medals reprefentcd 
 after the fame manner. 
 
 Ite Dea virides, llquidofque advertite vultiis^ 
 Et vitreum teneris crinem redimite corymbis, 
 Vejie nihil te5lce: quales emergitis altis 
 Fontibusy et vifu Satyros torquetis ainantes, 
 
 Statius de Balneo Etrufci. Lib. i. 
 
 Hafte, hafte, ye Naiads ! with attradlive art 
 
 New charms to ev'ry native grace impart : 
 
 With op'ning flourets bind your fea-green hair, 
 Unveil 'd ; and naked let your limbs appear : 
 So from the fprings the Satyrs fee you rife. 
 And drink eternal pafTion at their eyes. 
 
 After having thus far cleared our way to the Medal, I take the thought of 
 the reverfe to be this. The ftranded veffel is the Commonwealth of Romey 
 that by the tyranny of Domitian, and the infolence of the Trcetorian Guards 
 under Nerva, was quite run aground and in danger of perifhing. Some of 
 thofe embarked in it endeavour at her recovery, but it is Trajan that by the 
 adoption of Nerva ftems the tide to her relief, and like another Neptune 
 ihoves her off the quick-fands. Your Device, fays Eugenius^ hangs very well 
 togetherj but is not it liable to the fame exceptions that you made us laft 
 night to fuch explications as have nothing but the writers imagination to fup- 
 port them? To fhew you, fays 'Philander, that the conftrudlion I put on 
 this Medal is conformable to the fancies of the old Romans, you may ob- 
 ferve, that Horace reprefents at length the Commonwealth oiRome under the 
 figure of a fhip, in the Allegory that you meet with in the fourteenth Ode 
 .of his firfl book. 
 
 Navis, referent in mare te novt 
 
 Fludliis. • •■ 
 
 And fhall the raging waves again 
 Bear thee back into the main ? 
 
 luMd^ 
 
 Mr. Creech. 
 Nor 
 
of Ancmt Medals. 481 
 
 Nor was any thing more ufual than to reprefent a God in the fliape and drels 
 of an Emperor. 
 
 Apdlea cuperent te fcrtbere cera, 
 
 Optajfetque novo fimilem te ponere templo 
 Atticus Elei fenior Jovis ; et tua mitis 
 Ora Taras : tuajidereas imitantia fammas 
 Luminat contempto mallet Rbodos afpera Pheebo. 
 
 Statius de Equo Domitiani Syl. i. 
 
 Now had Apelles liv'd, he'd fue to grace 
 His glowing Tablets with thy godlike face : 
 Phidias, a Sculptor for the Pow'rs above ! 
 Had wifh'd to place thee with his Iv'ry Jovf. 
 Rhodes, and Tarentum, that with Pride furvey. 
 The Thund'rer This, and That the God of day ; 
 Each fam'd ColoJJus wou'd exchange for Thee, 
 And own thy form the lovelieft of the three. 
 
 For the thought in general, you have juft the fame metaphorical compliment 
 to Tloeodofius in Claudian, as the Medal here makes to Trajan, 
 
 Nulla reliBaforet Romani nominis umbra, 
 
 Ni pater ille tuus jamjam ruitura fubijjet 
 
 Pondera, turbatamque ratem, certdque levajfet 
 
 Naufragium commune manu. — — Claudian. de 4/(? Conf. Honorii. 
 
 Had not thy Sire deferr'd th* impending fate, 
 And with his folid virtue prop'd rhe ftate ; 
 Sunk in Oblivion's rtiade, the name of Rome, 
 An empty name ! had fcarce furviv'd her doom : 
 Half-wreck'd fhe was, 'till his aufpicious hand 
 Refum'd the rudder, and regain'd the land. 
 
 I (hall only add, that this Medal was ftamped in honour of Trajan, when he 
 was only Cafar, as appears by the face of it . . . sari Tr a i a n o. 
 
 The next is a reverfe oi Marcus Aurelius. We have on it a Minerva mount- Fig. ii. 
 ed on a monfter, that Aufonius defcribes in the following verfes. 
 
 Ilia etiam Thalamos per trina anigmata quarem 
 ^i bipes, et quadrupes foret, et tripes omnia folus ; 
 Terruit Aoniam Volucris, Leo, Virgo -, triformis 
 Sphinx, volucris pennis, pedibus fera, fronte fuella. 
 Vol. I. Q^q q Xo 
 
481 Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 To form the monfter Sphinx, a triple kind, 
 
 Man, bird, and bead, by nature were combin'd : 
 
 With feather'd fans ftie wing'd th' aerial fpace j -p 
 
 And on her feet the Lion-claws difgrace S 
 
 The bloomy features of a Virgin-face. J 
 
 O'er pale Aonia pannic horror ran. 
 
 While in myfterious fpeech flie thus began : 
 
 " What animal, when yet the Morn is new, 
 
 " Walks on Four le'gs infirm; at Noon on Two: 
 
 " But day declining to the weftern skies, 
 
 " He needs a Third j a Third the Night fupplies? 
 
 The monfter, fays Cyntbio, is a Sphinx, but for her meaning on this Medal, 
 I am not OEdipus enough to unriddle it. I muft confefs, fays Philander, the 
 Poets fail me in this particular. There is however a paflage in Paufanias 
 that I will repeat to you, though it is in profe, fince I know no body elfe 
 that has explained the Medal by it. The Athenians, fays he, drew a Sphinx 
 on the armour of Pallas, by reafon of the ftrength and fagacity of this ani- 
 mal. The Sphinx therefore fignifies the fame as Minerva herfelf, who was 
 the Goddefs of arms as well as wifdom, and defcribes the Emperor as one 
 of the Poets exprefles it, - 
 
 . Sfudiisforentem ufriiifque Minerva. 
 
 Whom both Minerva s boaft t' adopt their own. 
 
 The Romans joined both devices together, to make the emblem the more 
 fignificant, as indeed they could not too much extol the learning and milita- 
 ry virtues of this excellent Emperor, who was the beft Philofopher and the 
 greateft General of his Age. 
 
 Fig. 2-^. We will clofc up this Series of Medals with one that was ftamped under 
 'Tihgrius to the memory of Auguflus. Over his head you fee the ftar that his 
 father Julius Cafar was fuppofed to have been changed into. 
 
 Ecce Dionai proce/Jit Cafaris ajirum. Virg, Eel. 9. 
 
 See, Cafars lamp is lighted in the skies* Mi\ Dryden, 
 
 micat inter omnes 
 
 Juliiimjidus, velut inter ignes 
 Luna minores, Hor. 
 
 — 'JuUiii 
 
of Ancmn Medals. 48j 
 
 ■ ■ ' " yulius Cafari light appears 
 As, in fair nights and fmiling skies, 
 The beauteous Mooji amidft: the meaner ftars. Mr. Creech, 
 
 Vix eafatus erat, media cumfede fenatus 
 
 Conjiitit alma Venus, nulli cernenda, fuique 
 
 C afar is eripuit membris, 7iec in aerafolvi 
 
 Paffa recentem animam, ccelejiibus intulit ajiris. 
 
 Dumque tulit lumen capere atque ignefcere fenfit, 
 
 Rmifitque finu : Lund evolat altius ilia, 
 
 Flammiferumque trahens fpatiojb limit e crinemy 
 
 Stella fnicat. ■ Ov. Met. Li. 15. 
 
 This fpoke; the Goddefs to the Senate flew; 
 
 Where, her fair form conceal'd from mortal view, 
 
 Her Cafar's heav'nly part flie made her care. 
 
 Nor left the recent Soul to wafte to air ; 
 
 But bore it upwards to its native skies ; 
 
 Glowing with new-born fires (he faw it rife : 
 
 Forth fpringing from her bofom up it flew, 
 
 And kindling, as it foar'd, a Comet grew j 
 
 Above the lunar Sphere it took its flight, 
 
 And fliot behind it a long trail of light. Mr. Weljled, 
 
 Virgil Av2iV!% the fame figure oi Augujlus on Mneas's fliield as we fee on this 
 Medal. The Commentators tell us, that the ftar was engraven on Augujlus\ 
 helmet, but we may be fure Virgil means fuch a figure of the Emperor as 
 he ufed to be reprefented by in the Roman fculpture, and fuch a one as wc 
 may fuppofe this to be that we have before us. 
 
 Hinc Augujlus agens Italos in pralia Cctfar, 
 
 Cum patribus, populoque, Penatibus, et magnis Diis, 
 
 Stans celsd in puppi ; geminas cui tempora fiammas 
 
 Lata vomunt, patriumque aferitur vertice fidus. Virg. yEn. Li. 8, 
 
 Young Cafar on the ftern in armour bright. 
 
 Here leads the Romans, and the Gods, to fight: 
 
 His beamy temples flioot their flames afar; 
 
 And o'er his head is hung the Julian ftar. Mr. Drx'dcn. 
 
 The thunderbolt that lies by him is a mark of his Apothcofis, that makes him 
 as it were a companion of Jupiter. Thus the Poets of his own age that dei- 
 fied him living. 
 
 Q^q q 2 Divifmn 
 
 ■o* 
 
484 Dialogues upon the Ufsfulnefs 
 
 Divifum Imperium cum Jove Cafar habet. Virg. 
 
 Hie focium fummo cum Jove numen habet. Ov, 
 
 ' '- ' ' regit Augujlus focio per Jigna 'tonante, Manil. Lib. i. 
 
 Bed tibi debet ur ccelum, feftilmine pollens, 
 
 Accipiet cupidi Regia magna Jovis. Ov, de Augufto ad Liviam^ 
 
 He wears on his head the Corona Radiata, which at that time was another 
 type of his Divinity. The fpikes that flioot out from the crown were to 
 reprefent the rays of the Sun. Tkere were twelve of them, in allufion ta 
 the Signs of the Zodiac. It is this kind of crown that Virgil defcribes. 
 
 ' ■ ingenti mole Latinus 
 
 ^adrijugo vehitur curru, cut tempora circum 
 
 Aurati bis/ex radii fulgentia cingunt, 
 
 Solis avifpecimen. Virg. Mn. Lib. 12. 
 
 Four fteeds the chariots of Latinus bear: 
 
 Twelve golden beams around his temples play, 
 
 To mark his lineage from the God of day. Mr. Dry den. 
 
 Hiff. 14. If you would know why the corona radiata is a reprefentation of the Sun, 
 you may fee it in the figure of Apollo on the next reverfe, where his head is- 
 encompaffed with fuch an arch of glory as Ovid and Statius mention, that 
 might be put on and taken off at pleafure. 
 
 . — at genitor circum caput omne micantei 
 
 Depofuit radios — Ovid. Met. Lib. 2. 
 
 The tender Sire was touch'd with what he faid, 
 
 And flung the blaze of glories from his head. 
 
 I)7tpofuifque coma radios' • Ibid. 
 
 Then fix'd his beamy circle on his head. 
 
 .. licet ignipedum franator equorum 
 
 Jpfe tiiis alte radiant em crinibus arcum 
 
 Imprimat — = Statius. Theb. Lib. i. ad Domitianum. 
 
 Tho' Phcebus longs to mix his rays with thine. 
 
 And in thy glories more ferenely fhine.. Mr. Pope. 
 
 In his right hand he holds the whip with which he is fuppofed to drive the 
 horfes of the Sun: as in a pretty paflage of Ovidy that fome of his editors 
 muft needs fancy fpurious. 
 
 Colligif 
 
of Am'tent Medals, 485 
 
 Colligit amentes, et adhuc terrore pavenfes, 
 
 Phcebus equosj Jlimuloque dolens et 'verbere favit : 9 
 
 Savit enim, natumque objeSlat, et imputat illi$. Ov. Met. Lib. 2. 
 
 Prevail'd upon at length, again he took 
 The harneft fteeds, that ftill with horror (hook. 
 And plies them with the lafh, and whips 'em on. 
 And, as he whips upbraids 'em with his fon. 
 
 The double-pointed dart in his left hand is an emblem of his beams, that 
 pierce through fuch an infinite depth of air, and enter into the very bowels 
 of the earth. Accordingly Lucretius calls them the darts of the day, as 
 Aufonius to make a fort of witticifm has followed his example. 
 
 Non radii folisy neque lucida tela Diei. Lucr. 
 
 Exultant udafuper arida faxa rapince, 
 Luciferique pavent letalia tela Diei. 
 
 de pifcibus captis. Auf. Eid. 10. 
 Caligo terra fcinditur, 
 Percujfa folis jpiculo. Prud. Hjtti. 2. 
 
 I have now given you a fample of fuch emblematical Medals as are unrid- 
 dled by the Latin Poets, and have fliown feveral paflages in the Latin Poets 
 that receive illuftration from Medals, Some of the Coins we have had before 
 us have not been explained by others, as many of them have been explained 
 in a different manner. There are indeed others that have had very near the 
 fame explication put upon them, but as this explication has been fupported 
 by no authority, it can at beft be looked upon but as a probable conjedlure. 
 It is certain, fays Eugenius, there cannot be any more authentic illuftrations 
 of Roman Medals, efpecially of thofe that are full of fancy, than fuch as are 
 drawn out of the Latin Poets. For as there is a great affinity between De- 
 figning and Poetry, fo the Latin Poets, and the Defigners of the Roman Me- 
 dals, lived very near one another, were acquainted with the fame cuftoms, 
 converfant with the fame objeds, and bred up to the fame relifli for wit and 
 fancy. But who are the Ladies that we are next to examine? Thefe are, 
 fays Philander, fo many Cities, Nations and Provinces that prefent themfelves 
 to you under the fliape of women. What you take for a fine Lady at firft 
 fight, when you come to look into her will prove a town, a country, or 
 one of the four parts of the world. In fhort, you have now yifric, Spain, 
 France, Italy, and feveral other nations of the earth before you. This is 
 one of the pleafanteft Maps, fays Cvithio, that I ever faw. Your Geogra- 
 phers 
 
48<f Dialogues upon the Ufefnlnefs 
 
 phers now and then fancy a country like a Leg or a Head, a Bear or a Dra- 
 gon, but I never before faw them reprefented like women. I could not have 
 thought your mountains, feas and promontories could have made up an aflem- 
 bly of fuch well-fhaped perfons. This therefore, fays Philander^ is a Geo- 
 graphy particular to the Mcdallifts. The Poets however have fometimes 
 given into it, and furnifti us with very good lights for the explication of it. 
 7W yi^g £j.£j. L^^y y^y |-gg Qj^ ji^g Lj{^ \% Africa, She carries an Elephant's tooth 
 
 Fig. I. by her fide. 
 
 Dentibus ex Hits quos jni ft it porta Syenes, 
 
 Et Mauri celeres, et Mauro obfcurior Indus : 
 
 Et quos depojuit Nabathao bellua faltu, 
 
 yam nimios, capitique graves ^ Juv. Sat. ir. 
 
 She is always quoiffed with the head of an Elephant, to fliow that this ani- 
 mal is the breed of that country, as for the fame reafon flie has a Dragon 
 Jying at her feet. 
 
 Huic varias pef.es, diverfaque membra fer arum, 
 Conceffit bellis natura infefta futuris ; 
 Horrendos angues, habitataque membra veneno^ 
 Et mortis partus, viventia crimina terra; 
 Et vafos Elephatites habet, favofque Leones, 
 Jn pcenas facunda fuas, parit horrida tellus. 
 
 Manil. Lib. 4. de Africa. 
 
 Here Nature, angry with mankind, prepares 
 
 Strange monfters, inflruments of future wars ; 
 
 Here Snakes, thofe Cells of poyfon, take their birth, 
 
 Thofe living crimes and grievance of the earth; 
 
 Fruitful in its own plagues, the defart fliore 
 
 Hears Elephants, and frightful Lions roar. Mr. Creech. 
 
 Lucan in his defcription of the feveral noxious animals of this country, men- 
 tions in particular the flying Dragon that we fee on this Medal. 
 
 Vos quoque, qui ctinBis innoxia numina terris 
 Serpitis, aurato nitidi fulgore dracones, 
 Pefiferos ardens facit Africa: duciti salt urn 
 A'era cum pennisy armentaque tota fecuti 
 Jiumpitis ingentes amplexi verbere taurps. 
 
 Nee 
 
of Anc'tent Medals. 487 
 
 Uec tutus Jpatio eft Elephas. datts omnia letbo : 
 
 Nee vobis opus eft ad noxiafata veneno. Luc. Lib. 9. 
 
 And you, ye Dragons! of the fcaly race, 
 
 Whom glittering gold and fliining armours grace. 
 
 In other nations harmlefs are you found, 
 
 Their guardian Genii and Protestors own'd; 
 
 In Afric only are you fatal ; there, 
 
 On wide-expanded wings, fublime you rear 
 
 Your dreadful forms, and drive the yielding air. 
 
 The lowing Kine in droves you chace, and cull 
 
 Some mafter of the herd, fome mighty Bull : 
 
 Around his flubborn fides your tails you twift:. 
 
 By force comprefs, and burft his brawny cheft. 
 
 Not Elephants are by their larger fize 
 
 Secure, but with the reft become your prize. 
 
 Refiftlefs in your Might, you all invade. 
 
 And for deftrudlion need not poifon's aid. Mr. Rowe. 
 
 « The Bull that appears on the other fide of the Dragon, fhows us that Afric 
 abounds in agriculture. 
 
 tibi babe frumcntum, Alledius inquit^ 
 
 Libye, disjunge boves, dum tubera mittas. Juv. Sat. 5. 
 
 No more plough up the ground. 
 
 O Libyay where llich murtirooms can be found, 
 
 Alledius cries, but furnifli us with ftore 
 
 Of muflirooms, and import thy corn no more. Mr. Bowles. 
 
 This part of the world has always on Medals fomething to denote her won- 
 derful fruitfulnefs, as it was indeed the great granary of Italy. In the two 
 following figures, the handful of wheat, the Cornu-copia, and basket of corn, 
 are all emblems of the fame fignification. 
 
 Bed qua fe canipisfqualentibus Africa tendif, 
 
 Serpentum largo coquitur facutida •ueneno : 
 
 Felix qua pingues mitis plaga temper at agros ; 
 
 Nee Cerere Ennad, Phario nee viSla colono, Sil. It. Lib. i. 
 
 Frumenti quantum met it Africa-' ■ Her. Sat. 5. Lib. 2. 
 
 — — — fegetes mirantur Iberas 
 
 Horrea > 
 
4^8 Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Horrea; nee Libya fenferunt damna rebellh 
 
 Jam tranfalpind contenti meffe ^irites. Claud, in Eutrop. Lib. I. 
 
 Fig. 1. The Lion on the fecond Medal marks her out for the 
 
 'Leonum 
 
 Arida nutrix. Hor. 
 
 Fig. 3. The Scorpion on the third is another of her produdions, as Lucan men- 
 tions it in particular, in the long catalogue of her venomous animals. 
 
 -quis fata put are t 
 
 Scorpion., cut. vires mature mortis habere? 
 
 Ilk minax nodis^ et reSfo verbere favus, 
 
 Tejle tulit coelo vi6li decus Orionis. Ltic. Lib. 9. 
 
 Who, that the Scorpion's infedb form furveys, 
 
 Would think that ready Death his call obeys ? 
 
 Threat'ning he rears his knotty tail on high, 
 
 The vaft Orion thus he doom'd to die, 
 
 And fix'd him, his proud trophy, in the sky. ^ Mr. Rowe. 
 
 The three figures you have here. fhown us, f&ys Eugenius, give me an idea 
 of a defcription or two in Claudian, that I muft confefs I did not before 
 know what to make of They reprefent Africa in the fhape of a woman, 
 and certainly allude to the corn and head-drefs that fhc wears on old Coins. 
 
 'Viediis apparet in ajiris 
 
 Africa, refcifa vejies, etfpicea paj/im 
 
 Sertajacenft lacero crinales vertice dentes, 
 
 EtfraSium pendebat ebur—— Claud, de Bel. <jild. 
 
 Next Africk, mounting to the tleft Abodes, 
 Penfive approach'd the Synod of the Gods : 
 No arts of drefs the weeping Dame adorn j 
 ,Her garments rent, and wheaten garlands tor^n: 
 The fillets, grac'd with teeth in Ivory rows, 
 j3roke and diforder'd dangle on her brows. 
 
 Turn Jpicis et dente comas illujlris eburno, 
 Et calido rubieunda die, ftc Africa fatur. 
 
 Claud, de Conf. Stil. Lib. 2. 
 
 I think 
 
of Anctent Medals. 48^ 
 
 I think, fays Philander^ there is no queftion but the Poet has copied out in his 
 defcription the figure that Africa made in ancient fculpture and painting. 
 The next before us is Egypt. Her basket of wheat fhows us the great fruit- Fig. 4. 
 fulnefs of the country, which is caufed by the inundations of the Nile. 
 
 Syrtibiis hinc Libycis tut a eft Mgyptus : at inde 
 
 Gurgite fepteno rapidus mare fummovet amnis : 
 
 Terra fuis content a bonis, non indiga mercis, 
 
 Aut Jovis; infolo tanta ejl fiducia Nilo. Luc. Lib. 8. 
 
 By Nature ftrengthened with a dang'rous ftrand, 
 
 Her Syrts and untry'd channels guard the land. 
 
 Rich in the fatnefs of her plenteous foil. 
 
 She plants her only confidence in Nile. Mr. Rowe. 
 
 The inftrument in her hand is the Sijlrum of the Egyptians, made ufe of in 
 the worfliip of the Goddefs Ifis. 
 
 Nilctica fiftris 
 
 Ripa Jonat — Claud, dc \to Conf. Honor. 
 
 On Medals you fee it in the hand oi Egypt, of 7/7j, or any of her Worfliip- 
 pers. The Poets too make the fame ufe of it, as Virgil has placed it in Cleo- 
 patra^ hand, to diflinguifli her from an Egyptian. 
 
 Regina in mediis fatrio vocat agmina fijlro. Virg. Rn. Li. 8. 
 
 The Queen her felf, amidft the loud alarms. 
 
 With Cymbals tofs'd, her fainting foldiers warms. Mr. Drydei:. 
 
 — — . —reftabant ASlia bella, 
 
 Atque ipfa IJiaco certdrunt fulmina fiflro.^ Manil. Lib. i. 
 
 ■ —^imitataque Lunam 
 
 Cornua fulferunt , crepuitquefonabilejijlrutn, de Ifide Ov. Met. Lib, 9. 
 
 ■ The lunar horns, that bind 
 
 The brows of Ifis, cafl: a blaze around ; 
 
 The trembling Timbrel made a murm'ring found. Mr. Dry den. 
 
 ■ ^id tua nunc Jfis tibi, Delia'? quid mihi profunt 
 
 Ilia tud toties ara repulfa manu? Tib. Lib. 1. El. 3, 
 
 Nos in tenipla tuam Romana accepimus IJin, 
 Semideofque canes, etjijlra juhentia luSius. Luc. Lib. 8 
 
 . VoL.L Rrr Have 
 
4*fo Dialogues upofi the Ufefufne/s 
 
 Have we with honours dead OJiris crown'd, 
 
 And mourn'd him to the Timbrel's tinkling found? 
 
 Receiv'd her J/is to divine abodes, 
 
 And rank'd her dogs deform'd, with Roman Gods} Mr. Rowe. 
 
 The bird before her is the Egyptian Ibis. This figure however does not 
 reprefent the living bird, but rather an idol of it, as one may guefs by the 
 pedeftal it flands upon, for the Egyptians worlhipped it as a God. 
 
 ^iiis nefcit, Vohifi Bithynice, qualia demens 
 
 Mgyptus portent a colatf crocodilon adorat 
 
 Pars hac, ilia pavet faturamferpentibus Ibin j 
 
 Effigies facri nitet aurea Circopitheci. Juv.Sat. 15. 
 
 How Egypt, mad with fuperftition grown. 
 
 Makes Gods of monfters, but too well is known : 
 
 One fedl devotion to Nile's ferpent paysj 
 
 Others to Ibis, that on ferpents preys. 
 
 Where, Thebes, thy hundred gates lie unrepair'd, 
 
 And where maim'd Memnon's magick harp is heard. 
 
 Where thefe are mould'ring left, the fots combine 
 
 With pious care a Monkey to enfhrine. Mr. T'afe: 
 
 Venerem preearis ? comprecare et Simiam. 
 
 Placet facratus aj'pis Mfculapii? 
 
 Crocodilusj Ibis et Canes cur difplicent? Prudentius. Pas. i.Romani. 
 
 rig,- s- ^^ have Mauritania on the fifth Medal, leading a horfe with fomething: 
 like a thread, for where there is a bridle in old Coins you iee it much more 
 diflinftly. In her other handjlie holds a fwiteh. We have the defign of this 
 Medal in the following defcriptions that celebrate the Moors and Numidiam^ 
 Inhabitants of M(2z^r//<z«/tf, for their horfemanfhip. 
 
 Hie paffim exultant Numida, gens infcia frarti : 
 
 ^eis inter geminas per ludum mobtlis aures 
 
 ^iadrupedumfeSlit non cedens 'uirga lupatht 
 
 Altrix bellorum bellatorumque virorum, 
 
 cfeiius. Sil. It. Li. I, 
 
 On his hot Steed, unus'd to curborrein^ 
 The black Numidian prances o'er the plain t 
 A wand betwixt his ears diredts the courfe^ 
 And as a bridle turns th' obedient horfe. 
 
 " an 
 
ef Anc'tent M e d a t s. 491 
 
 ■ II an Mauri fremitum raucofque repulfus 
 
 Vmbonum et nojiros pajfuri, comminus enfei? 
 
 Non contra clypeis teSios, galeifque micantes 
 
 Iritis i in folis longe jiducia telis. 
 
 Exarmatus erity cummijjile torferit, hojiis. 
 
 Dextra movet jaculum, pratentat pallia lava, 
 
 Catera nudus Eques ; fonipes ignarus habetia : 
 
 Virga regit y non ullajides, non agminis or do j 
 
 Anna ojieri.- ■■ ■— Claud, dc Bel. Gildon. 
 
 Can Moors fuftain the prefs, in clofe-fought fields. 
 Of (horten'd Fauchions, and repelling fliields ? 
 Againft a hoft of quiv'ring fpears ye go, 
 Nor helm nor buckler guards the naked foe; 
 The naked foe, who vainly trufts his art, 
 And flings away his armour in his dart: 
 His dart the right hand fliakes, the left uprears 
 His robe, beneath his tender skin appears. 
 Their Steeds un-rein'd, obey the horfeman's wand. 
 Nor know their legions when to march, or ftand: 
 In the war's dreadful laws untaught and rude, 
 A mob of men, a martial multitude. 
 
 The Horfe too may (land as an emblem of the warlike genius of the 
 people. 
 
 Bello armantur Equi, bella hac armenta minantur. Virg. ./En. Li. 3. 
 
 From Africa we will crofs over into Spain. There are learned Medallifts Fig. 6, 
 that tell us, the Rabbet which you fee before her feet, may fignifie either 
 the great multitude of thefc Animals that are found in Spain, or perhaps the 
 feveral mines that are wrought within the bowels, of that country, the Latin 
 word Cuniculus fignifying either a Rlbbet or a Mine. But thefe Gentlemen 
 do not confider, that it is not the Word but the Figure that appears on the 
 Medal. Cuniculus may ftand for a Rabbet or a Mine, but the pidiure of a 
 Rabbet is not the pidlure of a Mine. A pun can be no more engraven than 
 it can be tranflated. When the word is conftrued into its idea the double 
 meaning vaniflies. The figure therefore before us means a real Rabbet, which 
 is there found in vaft multitudes. 
 
 Cuniculofa Celtiberia Jili. Catul. in Egnatium. 
 
 R r r 2 The 
 
4$i Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 The Olive-branch tells us, it is a country that abounds in Olives, as it is 
 for this reafon that Cbudian in his defcription oi Spain binds an Olive-branch 
 about her head. 
 
 glaucis turn prima Minerva 
 
 Nexa comam foliis, fithdque in text a mi cant em 
 
 Vejle Tagum, tales profert HiJ'pania voces. Claud. deLaud. Stil. Li. 2. 
 
 Thus Spain, whofe brovi^s the olive wreaths infold, 
 And o'er her robe a Tagus ftreams in gold. 
 
 Martial has given us the like figure of one of the greateft rivers in Spain, 
 
 Ba^tis olivifera crinem redimite corona, 
 
 A are a qui nitidis veil era tingis aqins: 
 ^em Bromius quem Pallas a mat ■ • — Mar. Li. i2.Ep. 99.. 
 
 Fair Ba^tis! Olives wreath thy azure locksj 
 In fleecy gold thou cloath'ft the neighb'ring flocks: 
 Thy fruitful banks with rival-bounty fmile. 
 While Bacchus wine beftows, and Pallas oil. 
 
 And Prudentius of one of its eminent towns. 
 
 Tu decern fanSlos revehes et oSto, 
 Cajar Aiigufiajludiofa Chrijli, 
 Verticefnfavis oleis revinSla 
 
 Pads honore. Prudent. Hymn. 4^ 
 
 Fig. 7. France, you fee, has a Sheep by her, not only as a facrifice, but to fhew 
 that the riches of the country confifted chiefly in flocks and pafturage. Thus 
 Horace mentioning the commodities of different countries, 
 
 Shjanquam nee Calabra mella jerunt apes^ 
 Nee Laftrigonid Bacchus in amphora 
 Languefcit mihi, nec.pinguia Gallicis 
 " Crejcunt vellera pafcuis. * Hor.Od. 16. Li. 3. 
 
 Tho' no Calabrian Bees do give 
 
 Their grateful tribute to my hive; 
 
 No wines, by rich Campania fent. 
 
 In my ignoble casks ferment j 
 
 No flocks in Gallic plains grow fat;-^ Mr. Creech. 
 
 She carries on her fhoulders the Sagulum that Virgil fpeaks of as the habit 
 
 of the ancient Gauls. 
 
 Aurea 
 
ef Amtent Medals. 4P3 
 
 Aurea cafaries oIHs, at que aurea •vejlis: 
 
 Virgatii lucent fagulis Virg, ^n. Lib. 8. 
 
 The gold diflembled well their yellow hair ; 
 
 And golden chains on their white necks they wear; 
 
 Gold are their vefts- Mr. Dryden. 
 
 She is drawn in a pofture of facrificing for the fafe arrival of the Emperor, 
 as we may learn from the infcription. We find in the feveral Medals that 
 were ftruck on Adrians progrefs through the Empire, that at his arrival 
 they offered a facrifice to the Gods for the reception of fo great a bleffing. 
 Horace mentions this cuflom. 
 
 Turn mea (fi quid loquar audiendum) 
 Vocis accedct bona pars; et O Sol 
 Pulcher, 6 laudandc, canam, recepto 
 Cafare felix. 
 
 fe decern tauri, totidemque vaccce ; 
 
 Me tener Johet 'vitulus-'—— Hor. Od. 2.Lib. 4. 
 
 And there, if any patient ear 
 My Mufc's feeble fong will hear 
 
 My voice fhall found thro' Rome: 
 Thee, Sun, I'll fing, thee, lovely fair, 
 Thee, thee I'll praife, when CaJ'ar's come. 
 
 Ten large fair bulls, ten lufty cows, 
 Muft die, to pay thy richer vowsj. 
 Of my fmall flock of kine 
 
 A calf juft wean'd Mr. Creecb. 
 
 Italy has a Cornu-copia in her hand, to denote her fruitfulnefsj Fig. 8. 
 
 — ~- magna parens frugum Saturnia tellus. Virg. Geor. 7. 
 
 and a crown of towers on her head, to figure out the many towns and cities 
 that ftand upon her. Luc an has given her the like ornament, where he 
 reprefents her addrefling her felf to Julius Cafar. 
 
 Ingens vi fa duct f atria trepidantis Imago: 
 Clara per obfcuram vultu majlijima no^em, 
 Turrigcro cams effundens 'vertice crinesy 
 Cafarie, lacerd nudifque adjiare lacertis^ 
 
 Et gemitu permijla kqui Lucan. Lib. i. 
 
 Amidft 
 
45?4 Dialogues upon the Ufefuhiefs 
 
 Amidft the dusky horrors of the night, 
 
 A wondrous vifion flood confeft to fight; 
 
 Her awful head Rome's rev'rend image rear'd, 
 
 Trembling and fad the Matron form appear'dj 
 
 A tow'ry crown her hoary temples bound, 
 
 And her torn trefTes rudely hung around: 
 
 Her naked arms uplifted e're (he fpoke, 
 
 Then groaning thus the mournful fiience broke. Mr. Rowe. 
 
 She holds a fcepter in her other hand, and fits on a globe of the heavens, 
 to fhew that {he is the Sovereign of nations, and that all the influences of 
 the Sun and Stars fall on her dominions! Claudian inakes the fame com- 
 pliment to Rome. 
 
 Ipfa triumphafis qua pojjidet atbsra regnis. 
 
 Claud, in Prob. et Olyb, Conf. 
 "Jupiter arcefud totum dumfpeSiat in orb em. 
 Nil nifi Romanum quod tueatur habet. ^v. de faft. Lib. i. 
 
 "Jove finds no realm, when he the globe furveys, 
 But what to Rome fubmifiive homage pays. 
 
 Orbem jam totum viBor Romajiui babebat, 
 
 ^a mare, qua tellus, quajidus currit utrumque. Petron. 
 
 Now Rome, fole Emprefs, reign'd from pole to pole, 
 Where-ever earth extends, or oceans roll. 
 
 Fig.9. The pidure that Claudian makes of Rome one would think was copied 
 from the next Medal. 
 
 ■ ■ ■innuj>ta ritus imitata Minerva: 
 Nam neque cafariem crinali Jiringere cultu, 
 Colla nee ornatu patitur mollire retorto : 
 Dextrum nuda lafus, niveos txerta lacertQSy 
 Audacem retegit mammam, laxumque coercem 
 Mordet gemma Jinum. — — — 
 Clipeus Titana lucejjit 
 
 Lumine, quern totd variarat Mulciber arte ; 
 Htc patrius, Mavortis amsr, fcetujque notantur 
 Romulei. poji annis inejl, et bellua nutrix. 
 
 Claud, in Prob. et Olyb. Conf. 
 
 No 
 
of Anc'tent Medals, 4*) 5 
 
 No coftly fillets knot her hair behind, 
 
 Nor female trinkets round her neck are twin'd. 
 
 Bold on the right her naked arm fhe fhows, 
 
 And half her bofom's unpolluted fnows; 
 
 Whilft on the left is buckled o'er her breafl. 
 
 In diamond clafps the military veil. 
 
 The Sun was dazled as her (hield (he rear'd, 
 
 Where, varied o'er by Mulciber, appear'd 
 
 The loves of Mars her Sire, fair Ilias joys. 
 
 The wolf, the Tyber, and the infant boys. 
 
 The next figure is ^haia. Fig. m. 
 
 I am forry, fays Cynthio, to find you running farther off us. I was in 
 hopes you would have fhown us our own nation, when you were fo near us 
 &s France. I have here, (diys Philander, ox\q oi Augujius's Britannia %. You Fig ii. 
 fee fhe is not drawn like other countries, in a foft peaceful pofture, but is 
 adorned with emblems that mark out the military genius of her inhabitants. 
 This is, I think, the only commendable quality that the old Poets have 
 touched upon in the defcription of our country. I had once made a colle- 
 dlion of all the paflages in the Latin Poets, that give any acount of us, but 
 I find them fo very malicious, that it would look like a libel on the nation 
 to repeat them to you. We feldom meet with our ForcfatJiers, but they are 
 coupled with fomc epithet or another to blacken them. Barbarous, Cruel 
 and Inhofpitable are the beft terms they can afford us, which it would be a 
 kind of injuftice to publifli, fince their pofterity are become fo polite, gooi- 
 natured, and kind to ftrangers. To mention therefore thofe parts only that 
 relate to the prefent Medal. She fits on a globe that ftands in water, to de- 
 note that fhe is Miftrefs of a new world, feparate from that which the Ro- 
 mans had before conquered, by the interpofition of the fea. I think we can- 
 not doubt of this interpretation, if we confider how fhe has been reprefented 
 by the ancient Poets. 
 
 Et penitus toto di-vifos or be Britannos. Virg. Ec. i. 
 
 The refl among the Britons be confin'd ; 
 
 A race of men from all the world disjoin'd. Mr. Dryden, 
 
 Adfpice, confundit populos imper-^ia tellus : 
 
 ConjunSlttni ejl^ quod adhuc orbis^ et orbis erat. 
 
 Vet.^Poet. apud ^alig. Catul. 
 
 At 
 
49^ DiAiocuES upon the VjefHlneJi 
 
 At nunc oceanus geminos Interluit orbes. 
 
 Id. de Britannia et oppofito Continente. 
 
 — ■ -, mjlro diduSla Britannia mundo. Claud. 
 
 Necjlctit oceanOf remifqtie ingrejfa profundiim, 
 
 Vincendos alio quafivit in orbe Britannos. Id. 
 
 The feet of Britannia are wafhed by the waves,, in the fame Poet. 
 
 . ciijus veftigia verrit 
 
 Carulus, oceanique cejlum mentifury amiSfus. 
 
 Id.^de Laud. Stil. Lib. 2. 
 
 She bears a Roman Enfign in one of her hands, to confefs herfelf a conquer- 
 ed province. 
 
 viBricia Cafar 
 
 Signa Caledonios tranfvexit ad ufque Britannos. Sidon. Apollin. 
 
 Fig. 10. But to return to Achaia, whom we left upon her Icnees before the Empe- 
 xor Adrian. She has a pot before her with a fprig of Parfly rifing out of it. 
 I will not here trouble you with a dull flory of Hercules'^ eating a fallade 
 of Parfly for his refrefhrnent, after his encounter with the Nemean Lion. It 
 is certain, there were in Achaia the Nemean Games, and that a garland of 
 Parfly was the Viftor's reward. You have an account of thefe Games in 
 Aufonius. 
 
 S^attiior antiques celebravit Achaia Ludos, 
 
 Ccelicolum duo fun t, et duo fejla hominum. 
 Sacra Jovis, Phcebique^ Palamonis, Archemorique : 
 
 Serta quibuspnus, maluSy oliva, apium. Auf. de Luftral. Agon. 
 
 Greece., in four games thy martial youth were train'dj 
 For Heroes two, and two for Gods ordain'd : 
 "Jove bade the Olive round his Vidtor wave ; 
 Phcebus to his an Apple-garland gave : 
 The Pine, PaUmon ; nor with lefs renown, 
 Archemorus conferr'd the Parfly-crown. 
 
 Archemori Nemeaa colunt funebria Theba. Id. de locis Agon. 
 
 — — Alcides Nemeafacravit honorem. de Aud. Agon. Id. 
 
 Archemori Nemeaa colunt funebria 'Theba. Id. 
 
 One 
 
of Anctent Medals. 4p7 
 
 One reafon why they chofe Parfly for a Garland, was doubtlefs bccaufc it al- 
 ways preferves its verdure, as Horace oppofcs it to the fliort-lived Lilly. 
 
 Neil vivax apium, nee breve lilium. Lib. i. Od, 36. 
 
 Let fading Lillies and the Rofe 
 Their beauty and their fmell difclofe; 
 ^ Let long-liv'd Parfly grace the feaft. 
 
 And gently cool the heated gueft. Mr. Creech. 
 
 Juvenal mentions the Crown that was made of it, and which here furrounds 
 the head oi Achat a. 
 
 —— Graiaque apium mcruiffe corona. Juv. Sat. 8. 
 
 And winning at a Wake their Parfly crown. • Mr. Stepney. 
 
 She prefents herfelf to the Emperor in the fame pofture that the Germam 
 and Englifi flill falute the Imperial and Royal family. 
 
 jus imperiumque Phraatei 
 
 Cafaris accepit genibus minor. < Hor. Epif 12. Li. i. 
 
 The haughty Parthian now to Cafar kneels. Mr. Creech. 
 
 Ilk qui donat diadema fronti 
 
 ^em genu nixct tremuere gentes, Senec. Thyeft. Adt.j. 
 
 Non, ut inflexo genu. 
 
 Regnantem adores^ petimus. Idem. 
 
 Te Unguis varice gentes, mijjique rogatum 
 
 Feeder a Perfarum proceres cum pair e fedentem, 
 
 Hac quondam videre domo; pofitdque tiard 
 
 Submifere genu. Claud, ad Honorium. 
 
 Thy infant Virtue various- climes admir'd. 
 And various tongues to found thy praife confpir'd: 
 Thee next the Sovereign feat, the 'Perfdns view'd. 
 When in this Regal Dome for peace they fu'd: 
 Each Turban low, in fign of worfhip, wav'd j 
 And every knee confert: the boon they crav'd. 
 
 Sicily appears before Adrian in the fame pofturc. She has a bundle ofF'g-n. 
 Corn in her hand, and a Garland of it on her head, as fhe abounds in wheat, 
 and was confecrated to Ceres. 
 
 VoL.L S f f Utraq. 
 
 ue 
 
«l 
 
 4p8 DiALQQUES Upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Utraque frugiferis eji Jnfula nobilis arvis : 
 Nee plus Hefprnam longinquii mejjibus ull(r, 
 Ncc Ron^ana magis complerunt horrea terrce. 
 
 de Sicilia ct Sardinia. Lu. Li. 2. 
 
 Sardinia too, renown *d for yellow fields, 
 
 With Sicily her bounteous tribute yields ; 
 
 No lands a glebe of richer tillage boaft. 
 
 Nor waft more plenty tq the Roman coaft. Mr. Rowe. 
 
 Terra tribiis fcopulis vatiim prociirrit in aquor 
 
 'Trinacris, a pojitu nomen adepta loci. 
 Grata domus Cereri. multas ibi pojfidet iirbes : 
 In quibus ejl cultofertilis Henna folo. Gv. de Faft. Li. 4. 
 
 . To Ceres dear, the fruitful land is fam'd 
 
 For three tall Capes, and thence Trinacria nam'd : 
 There Henna well rewards the tiller's toil. 
 The faireft Champian of the faireft Ifle. 
 
 Fig. 13. We find Judaa on feveral coins of Vefpajian and 7/V«f, in a pofturc that 
 denotes forrow and captivity. The firft figure of her is drawn to the life, 
 in a pi<5lure that Seneca has given us of the Trojan matrons bewailbg their 
 captivity. 
 
 . faret exertos 
 
 Turba lacertos. Vejle remifsd 
 Subjlringe fmus, uteroque tenus 
 Pateant artus — r— 
 
 -, . cadaf ex humeris 
 
 Vejlis apertis : imumque tegat 
 Suffulta latus. jam nuda "Meant 
 PeSfora dextras. nunc nunc vires 
 Expromey Dolor, tuas. 
 
 Hecuba ad Trojanarum chorum. Sen. Troas Aft if 
 
 ■ Bare 
 
 Your arms, your veftures flackly ty'd 
 Beneath your naked bofoms, Aide 
 Down to your waftes — - > ' ■ 
 
 Let 
 
of Ammt Medals. 4^5^ 
 
 — — Let 
 
 From your divefted fhoulders Hide 
 
 Your garments, down on either fide. 
 
 Now bared bofoms call for blows. 
 
 Now, Sorrow, all thy pow'rs difclofc. Sir Edward Sherburn. 
 
 . apertce peSiora matres 
 
 Significant luSlum ■ Ov.Mct. Li. 13. 
 
 Who bar'd their breafts, and gave their hair to flow: 
 The figns of grief, and mark of publick woe. 
 
 The head is veiled in both figures, as another expreflion of grief. 
 
 ipfa trifti vcjlis obtentu caput 
 
 Velatdy juxta pra^Jides aft at Deos. Sen. Here. fur. Ad. 2. 
 
 Sic ubijafa, caput ferali obducit amiBu, 
 
 Decrevitque pati tenebras, puppifque cavernis 
 
 Delituit : favumque arBe complexa dolor em 
 
 Perfruitur lacrymis^ et amat pro conjuge luSlum, Luc. Li. 9. de Cornelia, 
 
 So faid the Matron; and about her head 
 
 Her veil fhe draws, her mournful eyes to fliade: 
 
 Refolv'd to fhroud in thickeft fliades her woe, 
 
 Shefeeks the fliip's deep darkfome Hold below: 
 
 There lonely left, at leifure to complain, 
 
 She hugs her forrows, and enjoys her pain ; 
 
 Still with frefli tears the living grief wou'd feed, 
 
 And fondly loves it, in her husband's ftead. Mr. Ro^e. 
 
 I need not mention her fitting on the ground, becaufe we have already fpoken 
 of the aptnefs of fuch a pofture to reprefent an extreme afflidlion. I fancy, 
 fays Eugenius, the Romans might have an eye on the cuftoms of the Jewijb 
 nation, as well as of thofe of their country, in the feveral marks of forrow 
 they have fet on this figure. The Pfalmift defcribes the Jexvs lamenting 
 their captivity in the fame penfive pollute. By the waters of Babylon ice fate 
 down and wept, when we remembred thee, O Sion. But what is more remarka- 
 ble, we find yudaa reprefentcd as a woman in forrow fitting on the ground, 
 in a pafiage of the Prophet, that foretels the very captivity recorded on this 
 Medal. The covering of the head, and rending of garments, we find very often 
 in Holy Scripture, as the expreffions of a raging grief. But what is the 
 tree we fee on both thefe Medals? We find, fays Philander, not only on thefe, 
 but on feveral other coins that relate to Judaa, the figure of a Palm-tree, to 
 
 S f f 2 fliow 
 
joo Dialogues upon the Ufefuhefs 
 
 fhow us that Palms are the growth of the country. Thus Silius Ifalicus, fpeak- 
 ing of Fejpa/iafi's conqueft, that is the fubjed: of this Medal, 
 
 Palmiferamque fenex hello domitabit Idumen. Sil. It. Li. 3. 
 
 Martial feems to have hinted at the many pieces of painting and fculpture 
 that were occafioned by this conqueft of Jiidaa, and had generally fomething 
 of the Palm-tree in them. It begins an Epigram on the death of Scorpus a 
 chariot-driver, which in thofe degenerate times of the Empire was looked up- 
 on as a public calamity. 
 
 'Trijlis Idumaas frangat ViBoria palmas ; 
 
 Plange Favor Java peBora nuda tnanu. Mart. Li. 10. Epig. 50. 
 
 The man by the Palm-tree in the firft of thefe Medals, is fuppofed to be a 
 'Jew with his hands bound behind him. 
 
 Fig. 14. I need not tell you that the winged figure on the other Medal is a FiSiory. 
 She is reprefented here as on many other coins, writing fomething on a ftiield. 
 We find this way of regiftring a ViSiory touched upon in Virgil, and Silius 
 Jtalicus.. 
 
 Mre cavo clypeum, magni gejlamen Abantis, , 
 
 Pojiibus adverfisfigo^ et retn carmine Jigno ;.. 
 
 j^neas hcec de Dandis viStoribus arma, Virg. iEn. Li. 3. . 
 
 I fix'd upon the Temple's lofty door 
 
 The brazen (hield, which vanquifti'd -(^-^<7J bore: 
 
 The verfe beneath my name and adlions fpeaks, 
 
 •* Thefe arms Mneas took from conqu'ring Greeks. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Pyrenes tiimulo clypeum cum carmine figunt j 
 
 Hafdrubalis fpolium Gradivo Scipio viSior. Sil. Ital. Li. i^'. 
 
 High on Pyrenees airy top they plac'd 
 The captive Shield, with this infcription grac'd : 
 " Sacred to Mars, thefe votive fpoils proclaim 
 •* The fate o'l AJdrubaly and Scipio\ jfame. 
 
 Fig. ij'. Parthia has on one fide of her the Bow and Quiver which are fo much 
 talked of by the Poets. Lucans account of the Parthians is very pretty and 
 poeticaL 
 
 A'- 
 
 , 1 . ^«_ P arthoqiie fequente 
 
 Murus erit, quodcunque poteji objlare fagitta ■ ■■ 
 
 lllita tela dolis, nee Mart em comminus unquam 
 
 4 ^«> 
 
of Anaent Medals. 501 
 
 Aufa patt vlrfus, fed longe tender e nervos, 
 
 Et, qmferre velint, pefmittere vulnera ventis. Luc. Li. 8. 
 
 Each fence, that can their winged fhafts endure, 
 
 Stands, like a fort, ihipregnable, fecure '~ 
 
 To taint their coward darts is all their care. 
 
 And then to truft them to the flitting air. Mr. Rowe. 
 
 - Sagittiferofque Parthos. Catul. 
 
 The Crown £he holds in her hand, refers to the crown of gold that Parthia, 
 as well as other provinces, prefented to the Emperor Antotiine. The prefent- 
 ing a Crown, was the giving up the foveraignty into his hands. 
 
 Ipfe oratores ad me, regnique coronam, 
 
 Cumfceptro m'lfit ■ .Virg. ^En. Li. 8. 
 
 Tarchon, the Tufcan Chief, to me has fent 
 
 Their Crown, and ev'ry regal ornament. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Antioch has an Anchor by her, in memory of her founder Seleucus, whofeFig. 16. 
 race was all born with this mark upon them, if you'll believe Hiflorians. Au- 
 Jojtius has taken notice of it in his verfes on this city. 
 
 , -. • Ilia Seleucttm 
 
 Nunc u pat ingenuum, cujusfuit Anchor a fignum, 
 
 G^alis inujiajolet ; generis not a cert a, per omnem 
 
 Namjbbolisferiem nativa cucurrit imago. Auf. Ordo Nobil. Urbium, . 
 
 Thee, great Seleucus, bright in Grecian fame ! 
 The tow'rs of Antioch for their founder claim : • 
 Thee Pha:bu5 at thy birth his fon confeft. 
 By the fair Anchor on the babe impreit ; 
 Which all thy genuine off-fpring wont to grace. 
 From thigh to thigh tranfmiflive thro' the race. 
 
 Smyrna is always reprefented by an Amazon, that is faid to have been her Fig. 17, 
 iirft: foundrefs. You fee her here ent'ring into a league with I'hyatira. Each 
 of them holds her tutelar Deity in her hand. . 
 
 Jus ille, et iSii foederis tejles Deos 
 
 Invocat. Sen. Phxniffe, Ad. 1. 
 
 On the left arm of Smyrna, is the Pelta or Buckler of the Amazons^ as the . 
 long weapon by her is the Bipennis or Securis, . 
 
 Non 
 
;oi Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 Non tibi Ainazonia eft pro me fumenda fecuris^ 
 
 Aut excifa levi pelta gerenda mam. Ov. Li. 3. Epif. i. ex Pont. 
 
 Lunatis agmina peltis. Vire 
 
 In their right hands a pointed Dart they wield; 
 
 The left, for ward, fuftains the lunar Shield. Mr, Dryden. 
 
 V'tdere Rhceti bellafub Alpibus 
 Drufum gerentem, et Vindelict ;. quibus 
 Mos unde dedu5ius per omne 
 Tempus Amazonia fecuri 
 Dextras obarmet qucerere d'tjluli. Hor. Od. 4. Li. 4. 
 
 Such Drufus did in arms appear. 
 When near the Alps he urg'd the war: 
 In vain the Rhati did their Axes wield. 
 Like Amazons they fought, like women fled the field : 
 But why thofe favage troops this weapon chufe, 
 
 Confirm'd by long eftablifh'd ufe, 
 Hiftorians would in vain difclofe. 
 
 :Fig. i8i The drefs that Arabia appears in, brings to my mind the defcription Lucan 
 has made of thefe eallern nations. 
 
 ^icquid ad Eoos traSius, mundique teporem 
 
 Labitur^ emollit gentes dementia cceli, 
 
 Illic et laxas vejies, et jiuxa virorum 
 
 Velamenta vides. — — - Luc, Lib. 8. 
 
 "While AJia's fofter climate, form'd to pleafe, 
 
 Diflblves her fons in indolence and eafe. 
 
 Here filken robes inveft unmanly limbs, 
 
 And in long trains the flowing Purple ftreams. Mr. Rotve. 
 
 She bears in one hand a fprlg of frankincenfe. 
 
 . .. Jolts eft thurea virga Sabeis. Virg.- 
 
 And od'rous frankincenfe on the Sabaan bough. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 Thuriferos Arabum Jaltus. Claud, de 3". Conf. Honor. 
 
 T'hurilegos Arabas ■ Ov. de Faf Lib, 4, 
 
 In the other hand you fee the perfumed reed, as the garland on her head may 
 be fuppofed to be woven out of fome other part of her fragrant produilions. 
 
of Anctent Medals. 505 
 
 Nee procul in molles Arabas terramque ferentem 
 
 Delicias, variaque novos radicis homres ; 
 
 Leniter adfiindit gemmantia littora pontus, 
 
 Et terra mare nomen habet — — dc finu Arablco, Manil. Lib. 4. 
 
 More weft the other foft Arabia beats, 
 
 Where incenfe grows, and pleafing odour fweats : 
 
 The Bay is call'd th' Arabian gulf; the name 
 
 The country gives it, and 'tis great in fame. Mr. Creech. 
 
 Vrantur pia tbura focis, urantur odores^ 
 
 ^os fener a Urrd divite mittit Arabs. Tibul. Lib. 2. El. 2. 
 
 fit dives amomOj 
 
 Cinnamague, co/iumque/uam, fudataque ligno 
 
 ^hura ferat, florefque alios Fanchdia tellus, 
 
 Vumferat et Myrrbam. Ov. Met. Lib. 10. 
 
 Let Araby extol her happy coaft. 
 
 Her Cinamon, and fweet Amomum boaft ; 
 
 Her fragrant flowers, her trees with precious tears, , 
 
 Her fecond harvefts, and her double years : 
 
 How can the land be call'd fo blefs'd, that Myrrba bears ? 
 
 Mr. Dryden, 
 
 .,.,1.- — Odorat£ fpirant medic amina Sylvee. Manil. 
 
 The trees d«op balfam, and on all the boughs 
 
 Health fits, and makes it fovereign as it flows. Mr. Creech. 
 
 Cinnami fylvas Arabes beatos 
 
 Vidit Sen. OEdip. Aft. i. 
 
 What a delicious country Is this, fays Cynibio? a man almoft fmells it in the 
 defcriptions that are made of it. 'The Camel" is in Arabia, I fuppofe, a beaft 
 of burden, that helps to carry off its fpices. We find the Camel, fays Phi- 
 lander, mentioned in Perfus on the fame account. 
 
 'Tolle recens primus piper efitiente Camelo. Perf. Sat. 5. 
 
 ■ The precious weight 
 
 Of pepper, and Sabaan incenfe, take 
 
 With thy own hands, from the tir'd Camel's back. Mr. Dryden: 
 
 He loads the Camel with pepper, becaufc the animal and its cargo are both 
 the produd:ions of the fame country, 
 
 Mercibus 
 
J 04 Dialogues upon the Ufefulrtefs 
 
 Mercibm hie Italis mutat fubfole recenti 
 
 Rugofum piper Id. Sat. 5. 
 
 The greedy Merchants, led by lucre, run 
 
 To the parch'd Indies and the rifing Sun; 
 
 From thence hot pepper, and rich drugs they bear, 
 
 Bart'ring for fpices their Italian ware. Mr. Dryden. 
 
 You have given us fome quotations out of Perfius this morning, fays Eu- 
 genius, that in my opinion have a great deal of poetry in them, I have often 
 wondered at Mr. Dryden for pafling fo fevere a cenfure on this Author. He 
 fancies the defcription of a Wreck that you have already cited, is too good 
 for Perfius, and that he might be helpt in it by Lucan, who was one of his 
 contemporaries. For my part, fays Cynthio, I am fo far from Mr. Dryden's 
 opinion in this particular, that I fancy Perfius a better Poet than Lucan: and 
 that had he been engaged on the fame fubjedl, he would at leaft in his Ex- 
 preflions and Defcriptions have out-writ the Thar/alia. He was indeed em- 
 ployed on fubjeds that feldom led him into any thing like Defcription, but 
 where he has an occafion of {hewing himfelf, we find very few of the Latin 
 Poets that have given a greater beauty to their Expreffions. His obfcurities 
 are indeed fometimes affedled, but they generally arife from the remotenefs of 
 the Cuftoms, Perfons and Things he alludes to : as Satyr is for this reafon 
 more dLHcult to be underftood by thofe that are not of the fame Age with it, 
 than any other kind of Poetry. Love-verfes and Heroics deal in Images that 
 are ever fixed and fettled in the nature of things, but a thoufand ideas enter 
 into Satyr, that are as changeable and unfteady as the mo^ or the humours 
 of mankind. 
 
 Our three friends had pafled away the whole morning among their Medals 
 and Latin Poets. Philander told them it was now too late to enter on an- 
 other Series, but if they would take up with fuch a dinner as he could meet 
 with at his Lodgings, he would afterwards lay the reft of his Medals before 
 them. Cynthio and Eugenius were both of them fo well pleafed with the no- 
 velty of the Subjed, that they would not refufe the offer Philander made 
 them. 
 
 D I A- 
 
of Ancient Medals. 505 
 
 DIALOGUE III. 
 
 caufa cjl difcriminis Imjiis 
 
 'Concifum Ai-gentum in titulos faciefque mhiutas. Juv. Sat. 14. 
 
 A Parallel between the Ancient and Modern Medals. 
 
 PHILANDER ufed every morning to take a walk in a neighbour- 
 ing wood, that flood on the borders of the Thames. It was cut 
 through by abundance of beautiful allies, which terminating on the 
 water, looked like fo many painted views in perfpedive. The banks of the 
 river and the thicknefs of the fliadesdrew into them all the birds of the coun- 
 try, that at Sun-rifing filled-the wood with fuch a variety of notes, as made 
 the pretiicft confufion imaginable. I know in defcriptions of this nature the 
 fcenes are generally fuppofed to grow out of the Author's imagination, and 
 if they are not charming in all their parts, the Reader never imputes it to 
 the want of fun or foil, but to the Writer's barrcnnefs of invention. It is 
 Ciceros obfervation on the Plane-tree, that makes fo flourifliing a figure in 
 one of Plato s Dialogues, that it did not draw its nouriHiment from the 
 fountain that ran by it and watered its roots, but from the richnefs of the 
 flyle that defcribes it. For my own part, as I defign only to fix the fcene 
 of the following Dialogue, I fliall not endeavour to give it any other orna- 
 ments than thofe which nature has beflowed upon it. 
 
 Thilafider was here enjoying the cool of the morning, among the dews 
 that lay on every thing about him, and that gave the air fuch a freflinefs as 
 is not a little agreeable in the hot part of the year. He had not been here 
 long before he was joined by Cynthio and Eugenius. Cynthio immediately 
 fell uiponPbi lander for breaking his night's reft. You have fo filled my head, 
 fays he, with old Coins, that I have had nothing but figures and infcriptions 
 before my eyes. If I chanced to fall into a little flumber, it was immedi- 
 ately interrupted with the vifion of a Caducous or a Cornu-copia. You will 
 make me believe, fays Philafider, that you begin to be reconciled to Medals. 
 They fay it is a fure fign a man loves money, when he is ufed to find it in 
 his dreams. There is certainly, fays Eugenius, fomething like Avarice in 
 Vol. I. T t t the 
 
^o6 Dialogues npoH the Ufefulnefs 
 
 the ftudy of Medals. The more a man knows of them, the more he dc- 
 fires to know. There is one fubjed: in particular that Cynthio, as well as my 
 felf, has a mind to engage you in. We would fain know how the Ancient 
 and Modern Medals differ from one another, and which of them deferves the 
 preference. You have a mind to engage me in a fubjedt, fays Philander^ that 
 is perhaps of a larger extent than you imagine. To examine it throughly, 
 it would be necefTary to take them in pieces, and to fpeak of the difference 
 that (hews it felf in their Metals, in the Occafion of ftamping them, in the 
 Infcriptions, and in the Figures that adorn them. Since you have divided 
 your fubjeft, fays Cynthio, be fo kind as to enter on it without any further 
 preface. 
 
 We fhould firft of all, fays Philander^ confider the diff'erence of the Me- 
 tals that we find in ancient and modern Coins, but as this fpcculation is more 
 curious than improving, I believe you will excufe me if I do not dwell long 
 upon it. One may underftand all the learned part of this fcicnce, without 
 knowing whether there were Coins of iron or lead among the old RomanSy 
 and if a man is well acquainted with the Device f)f a Medal, I do not fee 
 what neceffity there is of being able to tell whether the Medal it felf be of 
 copper or Corinthian brafs. There is however fo great a difference between 
 the antique and modern Medals, that I have feen an Antiquary lick an old 
 Coin among other tryals, to diflinguilh the age of it by its Tafte. I re- 
 member when I laught at him for it, he told me with a great deal of vehe- 
 mence, there was as much difference between the relifh of ancient and mo- 
 dern brafs, as between an apple and a turnep. It is pity, fays Eugenius, but 
 they found out the Smell too of an ancient Medal. They would then be 
 able to judge of it by all the fenfes. The Touch, I have heard, gives al- 
 mofl as good evidence as the Sight, and the Ringing of a Medal is, I know, 
 a very common experiment. But I fuppofe this laft proof you mention re- 
 lates only to fuch Coins as are made of your bafer forts of metal. And here, 
 fays Thilander, we may obferve the prudence of the Ancients above that of 
 the Moderns, in the care they took to perpetuate the memory of great ani- 
 ons. They knew very well that filver and gold might fall into the hands of 
 the covetous or ignorant, who would not refpeft them for the Device they 
 bore, but for the Metal they were made of. Nor were their apprehenfions 
 ill founded ; for it is not eafily imagined how many of thefe noble monu- 
 ments of hiftory have perifhed in the goldfmiths hands, before they came 
 to be coUeded together by the learned men of thefe two or three laft: Cen- 
 turies. Infcriptions, Vidtories, Buildings, and a thoufand other pieces of 
 antiquity were melted down in thefe barbarous Ages, that thought figures 
 and letters only ferved to fpoil the gold that was charged with them. Your 
 
 Medallills 
 
of Anc'tent Medals. 507 
 
 Medallifts look on this deftrudtion of Coins, as on the burning of the Alex- 
 cndrian Library, and would be content to compound for them, with almoft 
 the lofs of ^Vatican. To prevent this in fome meafure, the ancients placed 
 the greateft variety of their devices on their brafs and copper Coins, which 
 are in no fear of falling into the clippers hands, nor in any danger of melt- 
 ing till the general conflagration. On the contrary, our modern Medals are 
 moft in filver or gold, and often in a very fmall number of each. I have 
 feen a golden one at Vienna, of Philip the fecond, that weighed two and 
 twenty pound, which is probably Angular in its kind, and will not be able 
 to keep it felf long out of the furnace when it leaves the Emperor's Treafu- 
 ry. I remember another in the King of PruJ/ia's coUedlion, that has in it 
 three pound weight of gold. The Princes who ftruck thefe Medals, fays 
 Eugenius, feem to have defigned them rather as an oftentation of their 
 Wealth, than of their Virtues. They fancied probably, it was a greater ho- 
 nour to appear in gold than in copper, and that a Medal receives all its va- 
 lue from the rarity of the metal. I think the next fubjeft you propofed to 
 fpeak of, were the diffe^nt Occafions that have given birth% to ancient and 
 modern Medals. 
 
 Before we enter on this particular, fays Thilander, I muft tell you by 
 way of preliminary, that formerly there was no difference between Money 
 and Medals. An old Roman had his purfe full of the fame pieces that wc 
 now preferve in Cabinets. As foon as an Emperor had done any thing re- 
 markable, it was immediately ftamped on a Coin, and became current through 
 his whole Dominions. It was a pretty contrivance, fays Cynthio, to fpread 
 abroad the virtues of an Emperor, and make his adlions circulate. A frefli 
 Coin was a kind of a Gazette, that published the lateft news of the Empire. 
 I (hould fancy your Roman Bankers were very good Hiflorians. It is certain, 
 fays Eugenius, they might find their profit and inftruftion mixed together. 
 1 have often wondered that no nation among the moderns has imitated the 
 ancient Romans in this particular. I know no other way of fecuring thefe 
 kinds of monuments, and making them numerous enough to be handed down 
 to future ages. But where Statefmen are ruled by a fpirit of fadtion and in- 
 tereft, they can have no paflion for the glory of their country, nor any con- 
 cern for the figure it will make among poflerity. A man that talks of his 
 nation's honour a thoufand years hence, is in very great danger of being laught 
 at. We fhall think, fays Cynthio, you have a mind to fall out with the Go- 
 vernment, becaufe that it does not encourage Medals. But were all your an- 
 cient Coins that are now in Cabinets once current money? It is the moft pro- 
 bable opinion, fays Philander, that they were all of them fuch, excepting 
 thofe we call Mcdalions. Thefe in refpedl of the other Coins were the fame 
 
 Ttt 2 as 
 
5o8 Dialogues upon the UJefulnefs 
 
 as modern Medals, in refpedt of modern money. They were exempted from 
 all commerce, and had no other value but what was fet upon them by the 
 fancy of the owner. They are fuppofed to have been ftruck by Emperors 
 for prefents to their Friends, foreign Princes, or AmbafTadors. However, 
 that the fmallnefs of their number might not endanger the lofs of the de- 
 vices they bore, the Ro?nans took care generally to flamp the fubjedt of 
 their medalions on their ordinary Coins that were the running cafh of 
 the nation. As if in England we fliould fee on our half-peny and farthing 
 pieces, the feveral defigns that fhow themfelves in their perfedlion on our 
 Medals. 
 
 If we now confider, continued Philander, the different Occafions or Sub- 
 jeAs of ancient and modern Medals, we fliall find they both agree in record- 
 ing the great adlions and fuccefTes in war, allowing flill for the different 
 ways of making it, and the circumflances that attended it in pafl ages, and 
 in the prefent. I fhall inflance one, I do not remember in any old Coin 
 to have feen the taking of a town mentioned : as indeed there were few con- 
 querors could /ignalize themfelves that way before^the invention of powder 
 and fortifications, a fingle battle often deciding the fate of whole kingdoms. 
 Our modern Medals give us feveral fieges and plans of fortified towns, that 
 fhow themfelves in all their parts to a great advantage on the reverfe of a 
 Coin. It is indeed a kind of juftice, fays Eugenius, that a Prince owes to 
 poflerity, after he has ruined or defaced a flrong place to deliver down to 
 them a model of it as it flood whole and entire. The Coin repairs in fome 
 meafure the mifchiefs of his Bombs and Cannons. In the next Place, fays 
 Philander, we fee both on the ancient and modern Medals the feveral noble 
 pieces of Architedlure that were finifhed at the time when the Medals were 
 flamped. I mufl obferve however, to the honour of the latter, that they 
 have reprefented their buildings according to the rules of perfpecftive. This 
 I remember to have feen but in very few of the plans on ancient Coins, 
 which makes them appear much lefs beautiful than the modern, efpecially 
 to a mathematical eye. Thus far our two fets of Medals agree as to their 
 Subjeft. But old Coins go farther in their compliments to their Emperor, 
 as they take occafion to celebrate his diflinguifhing Virtues} not as they 
 fhowed themfelves in any particular adlion, but as 'they fhone out in the 
 general view of his character. This humour went fo far, that we fee Nero's 
 fidlinf^, and Commodus' s . sk\\\ in fencing, on feveral of their Medals At 
 prefent, you never meet with the King of France's generofity, nor the Em- 
 peror's devotion recorded after this manner. Again, the Romans ufed to re- 
 gifler the great adllons cf Peace that turned to the good of the people, 
 as well as thofe of War. The remifTion of a Debt, the taking off a Duty, 
 
 the 
 
of Ancient Medals. jop 
 
 the giving up a Tax, the mending a Port, or the making a Highway, were 
 not looked upon as improper fubjeds for a Coin. They were glad of any op- 
 portunity to encourage their Emperors in the humour of doing good, and 
 knew very well, that many of thefe acts of beneficence had a wider and more 
 lafting influence on the happinefs and welfare of a people, than the gaining 
 a vidory, or the conquefl of a nation. In England perhaps it would have 
 looked a little odd,- to have ftamped a Medal on the aboliOiing of Chimney- 
 money in the laft Reign, or on the giving a hundred thoufand pound a year 
 towards the carrying on a war, in this. I find, fays Eugeiiius, had we ftruck 
 in with the pradlice of the ancient Romans, we fliould liave had Medals on 
 the fitting up our feveral Docks, on the making of our Rivers navigable, 
 on the building our men of War, and the like fubjedls, that have certainly 
 very well deferved them. The reafon why it has been neglefted, fays Fin- 
 lander, may poffibly be this. Our Princes have the coining of their own 
 Medals, and perhaps may think it would look like vanity to eredl fo many 
 Trophies and Monuments of praife to their own merit ; whereas among the 
 ancient Romans, the Senate had ftill a watchful eye on their Emperor, and 
 if they found any thing in his life and aftions that might furnifli out a Medal, 
 they did not fail of making him fo acceptable an ofl-ering. 'Tis true, their 
 flatteries betray often fuch a bafenefs of fpirit, as one would little cxped to 
 find among fuch an order of men. And here by the way we may obfcrve, that 
 you never find any thing like Satyr or Raillery on old Coins. 
 
 Whatever vidories were got on foreign enemies, or the feveral pretenders 
 to the Empire obtained over one another, they are recorded on Coins without 
 the leafl: bittcrnefs or refledion. The Emperors often jefled on their rivals 
 or predeceflbrs, but their Mints ftill maintained their gravity. They might 
 publifli invcdives againft one another in their difcourfes or writings, but never 
 on their Coins. Had we no other hiftories of the Ro?nan Emperors, but 
 thofe we find on their money, we lliould take them for the moft virtuous race 
 of Princes that mankind were ever blefled with : whereas, if we look in- 
 to their lives, they appear many of them fuch monfters of luft and cruelty 
 as are almoft a reproach to human nature. Medals are therefore fo many 
 compliments to an Emperor, that afcribe to him all the Virtues and Vidories 
 he himfelf pretended to. WereJ^ou to take from hence all your informa- 
 tions, you would fancy Claudius as great a Conqueror as Julius Cafar, and 
 Domitian a wifer Prince than his brother Titus, Tiberius on his Coins is all 
 ^Tercy and Moderation, Caligula and Nero are Fathers of their Country, 
 Galba the patron of public Liberty, and Vitellius the re/lorer of the city 
 of Rome. In fliort, if you have a mijid to fee the religious Commodus, the 
 pious Caracalla, and the devout Uellngabalus, you may find them either in 
 
 the 
 
jio Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 the infcription or device of their Medals. On the contrary, thofe of a me- 
 dern make are often charged with Irony and Satyr. Our Kings no fooner 
 fall out, but their mints make war upon one another, and their malice ap-? 
 pears on their Medals. One meets fometimes with very nice touches of 
 Raillery, but as we have no inftance of it among the ancient Coins, I {hall 
 leave you to determine, whether or no it ought to find a place there. I muft 
 confefs, fays Cynthio, I believe we are generally in the wrong, when we de- 
 viate from the ancients: becaufe their practice is for the moft part grounded 
 upon reafon. But if our fore- fathers have thought fit to be grave and feri- 
 ous, I hope their pofterity may laugh without offence. For my part, I can- 
 not but look on this kind of Raillery as a refinement on Medals: and do not 
 fee why there may not be fome for diverfion, at the fame time that there 
 are others of a more folemn and majeftic nature, as a Vidtory may be cele- 
 brated in an Epigram as well as in an Heroic Poem. Had the ancients given 
 place to Raillery on any of their Coins, I queftion not but they would have 
 been the moft valued parts of a coUeftion. Befides the entertainment we {hould 
 have found in them, they would have fhown us the different ftate of Wit, 
 as it flourifhed or decayed in the feveral ages of the Roman Empire. There 
 is no doubt, fays Philander, but our fore-fathers, if they had pleafed, could 
 have been as witty as their pofterity. But I am of opinion, they induftri- 
 oufly avoided it on their Coins, that they might not give us occafion to fuf- 
 ped their fincerity. Had they run into mirth or fatyr we fhould not have 
 thought they had defigned fo much to inftrud as to divert us. I have heard, 
 fays Eugeniusy that the Romans ftamped feveral Coins on the fame occafion. 
 If we follow their example, there will be no danger of deceiving pofterity ; 
 fmce the more ferious fort of Medals may ferve as Comments on thofe of 
 a lighter character. However it is, the raillery of the Moderns cannot be 
 worfe than the flattery of the Ancients. But hitherto you have only men- 
 tioned fuch Coins as were made on the Emperor, I have feen feveral of our 
 own time that have been made as a compliment to private perfons. There 
 are pieces of money, fays Philander, that during the time of the Roman 
 Emperors, were coined in honour of the Senate, Army or People. I do not 
 remember to have feen in the upper Empire the face of any private perfon 
 that was not fome way related to the Imj^rial family. Sejanus has indeed his 
 ConfuKhip mentioned on a Coin of Tiberius, as he has the honpur to give 
 a name to the year in which our Saviour was crucified. We are now come to 
 the Legend or Infcription of our Medals, which as it is one of the more ef- 
 fential parts of them, it may deferve to be examined more at length. You 
 have chofen a very fliort Text to enlarge upon, fays Cynthio: I fliould as foon 
 expeft to fee a Critique on the Pofieof a Ring, as on thelnfcriptionof aMedal. 
 
of Amtem Medals. y i i 
 
 I have feen feveral modern Coins, fays Philander, that have had part of the 
 Legend running round the edges, like the Decus et Tutamen in our milled 
 money i fo that a few years vf'iW probably w^ear out the adion that the Coin 
 was defigncd to perpetuate. The ancients were too wife to regifter their ex- 
 ploits on fo nice a furface. I fhould fancy, fays EugeniuSy the moderns may 
 have chofen this part of the Medal for the infcription, that the figures on 
 each fide might appear to a greater advantage. I have obferved in feveral old 
 Coins a kind of confufion between the legend and the device. The figures 
 and letters were fo mingled together, that one would think the Coiner was hard 
 put to it on what part of the money to beftovv the feveral words of his infcrip- 
 tion. You have found out fomething like an excufe, fays Philander, for 
 your milled Medals, if they carried the whole legend on their edges. But 
 at the fame time that they are lettered on the edges, they have other infcrip- 
 tions on the face and the reverfe. Your Modern Defigners cannot contra<ft 
 the occafion of the Medal into an infcription that is proper to the Volume 
 they write upon : fo that having fcribbled oyer both fides, they are forced, as 
 it were, to write upon the margin. The firft fault therefore that I fliall find 
 with a modern legend, is its Diffufivenefs. You have fometimes the whole 
 fide of a Medal over-run with it. One would fancy the Author had a de- 
 fign of being Ciceronian in his Latin, and of making a round period. I will 
 give you only the reverfe of a Coin ftampt by the prefent Emperor of Ger- 
 many, on the raifing of the fiege of Vienna. VIenna aVstrI^ t% IVLII 
 
 AB aChMeTE II. OBSESSA tj SEPT. eX InsPERATO AB EO DeSERTA 
 
 EST. I fhould take this, fays Cynthio, for the paragraph of a Gazette, ra- 
 ther than the infcription of a Medal. I remember you reprefented your an- 
 cient Coins as abridgments of hiftoryj but your modern, if there are many 
 of them like this, fhould themfelves be epitomized. Compare with this, fays 
 Philander, the brevity and comprehenfivenefs of thofe legends that appear on 
 ancient Coins. 
 
 Salus Generis kumani. Tellusjlabilita. Gloria Or bis terra. Tacator Or- 
 bis. Rejlitutor Orbis t err arum. Gaudium Reipublica. Hilaritas populi Ro- 
 mani. Bono Reipub, nati. Roma renafcens. Libertas rejlituta. Saculum 
 Aureum. Puella Faujliniana. Rex Parthis datus. Vi6loria Germanica. Fides 
 Mutua. Afia Suba^a. 'jud£a capta. Amor mutuus. Genetrix orbis. Si- 
 deribus recepta. Genio Scnatus. Fides cxercitiis. Providentia Senatus. Re- 
 Jiitutori Hifpania. Advenfui Aug. Britatinia. Regna Adjignata. Adlocutio. 
 Difcipulina Augujii. Felicitas publica. Rex Armenis datus. 
 
 What a majefly and force does one meet with in thefe fliort Infcriptions ! Are 
 not you amazed to fee fo much hiflory gathered into fo fmall a compafs ? You 
 have often the fubjedt of a Volume in a couple of words. If 
 
512. Dialogues upon the JJjefulnefs 
 
 If our modern Medals are fo very prolix in their profe, they are every whit 
 as tedious in their verfe. You have fometimes a dull Epigram of four lines. 
 This, fays Cynthio, may be of great ufe to immortalize Punns and Quibbles, 
 and to le: pofterity fee their forefathers were a parcel of blockheads. A Coin, 
 I find, may be of great ufe to a bad Poet. If he cannot become immortal by 
 the goodnefs of his verfe, he may by the durablenefs of the Metal that fup- 
 ports it. I fhall give you an inilance, fays Philander, from a Medal of Gufta- 
 z'us yidolphus, that will ftand as an eternal monument of Dullnefs and Bravery. 
 
 Miles ego Chrijii, Chrijlo diice Jlerno tyramios, 
 
 Hareticosjimul et calco tneis pedibm. 
 Far cere Chrijiicolis me, debellare Jeroces 
 
 Papicolas Chrijius dux mens en animat. 
 
 It is well, fays Cynthio, you tell us this is a Medal of the Great Gujlatius : 
 I fliould have taken it for fome one of his Gothic Predeceflbrs. Does it not 
 bring into your mind Alexander the Great's being accompanied with a Chee- 
 riltis in his Perfian expedition ? If you are offended at the homelinefs of this 
 Infcription, fays Philander, what would you think of fuch as have neither 
 fenfe nor grammar in them ? I affure you I have feen the face of many a great 
 Monarch hemmed in with falfe Latin. But it is not only the flupidity and 
 tedioufnefs of thefe Infcriptions that I find fault with; fuppofing them of a 
 moderate length and proper fenfe, why muft they be in verfe ? We fhould be 
 furprized to fee the title of a fcrious book in rhime, yet it is every whit as ri- 
 diculous to give the fubjecfl of a Medal in a piece of an Hexameter. This 
 however is the prafhice of our modern Medallifts. If you look into the an- 
 cient Infcriptions, you fee an air of fimplicity in the words, but a great mag- 
 nificence in the thought ; on the contrary, in your modern Medals you have 
 generally a trifling thought wrapt up in the beginning or end of an Heroic 
 verfe. Where the fenfe of an Infcription is low, it is not in the power of 
 DaStyls and Spondees to raife it ; where it is noble, it has no need of fuch af- 
 fedled ornaments. I remember a Medal of Philip the fecond, on Charles le 
 flint's refigning to him the Kingdom of Spain, with this Infcription, Ut 
 ^defeat Atlas. The Device is a Hercules with the Sphere on his Ihoulders. 
 Notwithftanding the thought is poetical, I dare fay you would think the 
 
 beauty of the Infcription very much loft, had it been requiefcat ut 
 
 Atlas. To inftance a Medal of our own nation. After the conclufion of the 
 
 peace with Holland, there was one ftampt with the following Legend 
 
 Redeant Commercia Flandris. The thought is here great enough, but in my 
 opinion it would have looked much greater in two or three words of profc. 
 I think truly, fays Eugenius, it is ridiculous enough to make the Infcription 
 
 run 
 
of Ancient Medals. 513 
 
 run like a piece of a verfe, when it is not taken out of an old Author. But 
 I would fain have your opinion on fuch Infcriptions as are borrowed from 
 the Latin Poets. I have feen feveral of this fort that have been very prettily 
 applied, and I fancy when they are chofen with art, they fliould not be 
 thought unworthy of a place in your Medals. 
 
 Which ever fide I take, fays Philander, I am like to have a great party 
 againfl me. Thofe who have formed their relifh on old Coins, will by no 
 means allow of fuch an innovation; on the contrary, your men of wit will 
 be apt to look on it as an improvement on ancient Medals. You will oblige 
 us however to let us know what kind of rules you would have obferved in the 
 choice of your quotations, fmce you feem to lay a ftrefs on their being chofen 
 with Art. You muft know then, fays Eugenius, I do not think it enough 
 that a quotation tells us plain matter of fad, unlefs it has fome other acci- 
 dental ornaments to fet it off. Indeed if a great acflion that fcldom happens 
 in the courfe of human affairs, is exadlly defcribed in the pafTage of an old 
 Poet, it gives the Reader a very agreeable furprize, and may therefore de- 
 ferve a place on a Medal. 
 
 Again, if there is more than a fingle circumflance of the aftion fpecified 
 in the quotation, it pleafes a man to fee an old exploit copied out as it were 
 by a Modern, and running parallel with it in feveral of its particulars. 
 
 In the next place, when the quotation is not* only apt, iDUt has in it a turn 
 of Wit or Satyr, it is fliU the better qualified for a Medal, as it has a double 
 capacity of pleafing. 
 
 But there is no Infcription fitter for a Medal in my opinion, than a quo- 
 tation that befides its aptnefs has fomething in it lofty and fublime: for fuch 
 a one flrikes in with the natural greatnefs of the foul, and produces a high 
 idea of the perfon or adtion it celebrates, which is one of the principal de- 
 figns of a Medal. 
 
 It is certainly very pleafant, fays Eugenius, to fee a verfe of an old Poet, 
 revolting as it were from its original fenfe, and fiding with a modern fubjedl. 
 But then It ought to do it willingly of its own accord, without being 
 forced to it by any change in the words, or the punduation : for when 
 this happens, it is no longer the verfe of an ancient Poet, but of him that has 
 converted it to his own ufe. 
 
 You have, I believe, by this time exhaufled your fubjedl:, fays Philander ; 
 and I think the criticifms you have made on the poetical quotations that we 
 fo often meet with in our modern Medals, may be very well applied to the 
 Mottos of books, and other Infcriptions of the fame nature. But before we 
 quit the Legends of Medals, I cannot but take notice of a kind of wit that 
 flourifhes very much on many of the modern, efpecially thofe of Germany, 
 
 Vol. I. U u u when 
 
514 Dialogues upon the Ufefulnefs , 
 
 when they reprefent in the Infcription the year in which they were coined. 
 As to mention to you another of Gu/iavus Adolphus. C h r I s tVs DV X 
 ERGOT R I VMp hVs. If you take the pains to pick out the figures from 
 the feveral words, and range them in their prefer order, you will find they 
 amount to 1627, the year in which the Medal was coined; for do not you 
 obferve fome of the letters diftinguifli themfelves from the reft, and top it 
 over their fellows ? thefe you muft confider in a double capacity, as letters or 
 as cyphers. Your laborious German Wits will turn you over a whole DidHo- 
 nary for one of thefe ingenious Devices. You would fancy perhaps they 
 were fearching after an apt claffical term, but inftead of that, they are look- 
 ing out a word that has an L. an M. or a D. in it. When therefore you fee- 
 any of thefe Infcriptions, you are not fo much to look in them for the 
 thought, as for the year of the Lord. There are foreign Univerfities where 
 this kind of wit is fo much in vogue, that as you praife a man in England for 
 being an excellent Philofopher or Poet, it is an ordinary character among 
 them to be a great Chronogrammatift. Thefe are probably, fays Cynthio, 
 fome of thofe mild provinces of Acroftic land, that Mr. Dryde7t has afligned 
 to his Anagrams, Wings and Altars. We have now done, I fuppofe, with the 
 Legend of a Medal. I think you promifed us in the next place to fpeak of 
 the Figures. 
 
 As we had a great deal of talk on this part of a Coin, replied Philander, in 
 our difcourfe on the Ufefulnefs of ancient Medals, I ftiall only juft touch on 
 the chief heads wherein the Ancient and the Modern differ. In the firft 
 place, the Romans always appear in the proper Drefs of their country, info- 
 much that you fee the little variations of the Mode in the drapery of the Me- 
 dal. They would have thought it ridiculous to have dravim an Emperor of 
 Rome in a Grecian Cloak or a 'Phrygian Micre. On the contrary, our modern 
 Medals are full oil'ogas and 'Tunicas, Trabeas and Paludamentums, with a 
 multitude of the like antiquated garments, that have not been in fafhion thefe 
 thoufand years. You fee very often a King of England or France dreffed up 
 like a Julius Cafar. One would think they had a mind to pafs themfelves 
 upon pofterity for Roman Emperors. The fame obfervation may run through 
 feveral cuftoms and religions, that appear in our ancient and modern Coins. 
 Nothing is more ufual than to fee Allufions to Roman cuftoms and ceremo- 
 nies on the Medals of our own nation. Nay very often they carry the figure 
 of a heathen god. If pofterity takes its notions of us from our Medals, they 
 muft fancy one of our Kings paid a great devotion to Minerva, that another 
 was a profefled Worftiipper oi Apollo, or at beft that our whole religion was 
 a mixture of Faganifm and Chriftianity. Had the old Romans been guilty of 
 the fame extravagance, there would have been fo great a confufion in their 
 
 Antiquities,. 
 
cf Ancient Medals. 515: 
 
 Antiquities, that their Coins would not have had half the ufcs we now find 
 in them. We ought to look on Medals as fo many monuments configned 
 over to Eternity, that may poflibly laft when all other memorials of the fame 
 Age are worn out or loft. They are a kind of Prefent that thofe who arc 
 adtually in Being make over to fuch as lie hid within the depths of Futurity. 
 Were they only defigned to inftrudl the three or four fucceeding generations, 
 they are in no great danger of being mifunderftood : but as they may pafs 
 into the hands of pofterity, that lie many removes from us, and are like to 
 aft their part in the world, when its governments, manners, and religions, 
 may be quite altered; wc ought to take a particular care not to make any falfe 
 reports in them, or to charge them with any Devices that may look doubt- 
 ful or unintelligible. 
 
 I have lately feen, fays Eugenius, a Medallic hiftory of the prefent King of 
 France. One might expe<fl, methinks, to fee the Medals of that nation in 
 the higheft perfeftion, when there is a fociety penfioned and fet apart on pur- 
 pofe for the defigning of them. 
 
 We will examine them, if you pleafe, fays Phiiander, in the light that 
 our foregoing obfervations have fet them : but on this condition, that you do 
 not look on the faults I find in them any more than my own private opinion. 
 In the firft place then, I think it is impoflible to learn from the Freiich Me- 
 dals either the religion, cuftoms, or' habits of the French nation. You fee on 
 fome of them the Crofs of our Saviour, and on others Hercules's Club. In 
 one you have an Angel, and in another a Mercury. I fancy, fays Cynthio^ 
 pofterity would be as much puzzled on the religion of Louis le Grand, were 
 they to learn it from his Medals, as we are at prefent on that of Conjlantim 
 the Great, It is certain, fays Philander, there is the fame mixture of Chri- 
 ftian and Pagan in their Coins ; nor is there a lefs confufion in their cuftoms. 
 For example, what relation is there between the figure of a Bull, and the 
 planting of a French colony in America? The Romans made ufe of this type 
 in allufion to one of their own cuftoms at the fending out of a colony. i3ut 
 for the French, a Ram, a Hog, or an Elephant, would have been every whit 
 as fignificant an emblem. Then can any thing be more unnatural than to 
 fee a King of France dreffed like an Emperor of Rome, with his arms ftrip- 
 ped up to the elbows, a Laurel on his head, and a Chlamys over his flioulders? 
 I fancy, fays Eugenius, the fociety of Medallifts would give you their 
 reafons for what they have done. You your felf allow the Legend to be La- 
 tin, and why may not the cuftoms and ornaments be of the fame country as 
 the language ? efpecially fince they are all of them fo univerfally undcrftood 
 by the learned. I own to you, fays Philander, if they only defign to deliver 
 down to pofterity the feveral parts of their Great Monarch's hiftory, it is no 
 
 U u u 2 matter 
 
jk; Dialogues fdpon the Ufefulnefs 
 
 matter for the other circumftances of a Medal ; but I fancy it would be as 
 great a pleafure and inftrudtion for future ages, to fee the Drefles and Cuftoms 
 of their anceftors, as their Buildings and Victories. Befides, I do not think they 
 have always chofen a proper Occafion for a Medal. There is one ftruck, for 
 example, on the Englifi failing in their attempts on Dunkirk : when in the 
 laft reign they endeavoured to blow up a Fort, and bombard the town. What 
 have the French here done to boaft of? A Medal however you have with this 
 infcription, Dvnkirka iLiiESA. Not to cavil at the two K's in Dunkirka, 
 or the impropriety of the word Illafa, the whole Medal, in my opinion, tends 
 not fo much to the honour of the French as of the Englijh, 
 
 quos optmus 
 
 Fall ere et effugere ejl triumphus. 
 
 I could mention a few other faults, or at leaft what I take for fuch. But at 
 the fame time muft be forced to allow, that this Series of Medals is the moft 
 perfect of any among the moderns in the beauty of the Work, the aptnefs of 
 the Device, and the propriety of the Legend. In thefe and other particulars, 
 the French Medals come nearer the ancients than thofe of any other country, 
 as indeed it is to this nation we are indebted for the befl lights that have been 
 given to the whole fcience in general. 
 
 I muft not here forget to mention the Medallic hlftory of the Popes, 
 where there are many Coins of an excellent workmanfhip, as I think they 
 have none of thofe faults that I have fpoken of in the preceding fett. They are 
 always 7?o;;;^«-Catholic in the Device and in the Legend, which are both of 
 them many times taken out of the holy Scriptures, and therefore not unfuit- 
 able to the charader of the Prince they reprefent. Thus when hinocent XI. 
 lay under terrible apprehenfions of the French King, he put out a Coin, that 
 on the reverfe of it had a fliip toffed on the waves to reprefent the Church. 
 Before it, was the figure of our Saviour walking on the waters, and St. Teter 
 ready to fmk at his feet. The infcription, if I remember, was in Latin^ 
 Help Lord, or elfe I perifi. This pus me in mind, fays Cynthio, of a Paf- 
 quinade, that at the fame time was fixed up at Rome. Ad Galli cantum 'Pe- 
 trits flet. But methinks, under this head of the figures on ancient and mo- 
 dern Coins, we might expeffc to hear your opinion on the difference that ap- 
 pears in the Workmanfliip of each. You muft know then, fays Philander^ 
 that till about the end of the third Century, when there was a general decay 
 in all the arts of defigning, I do not remember to have feen the head of a 
 Roman Emperor drawn with a full face. They always appear in projll^ to 
 ufe a French term of art, which gives us the view of a head, that, in my 
 opinion, has fomething in it very majeftic, and at the fame time fuits beft 
 
 • with 
 
of Ancient Medals. 517 
 
 with the dimenfious of a Medal. Befides that it fliows the nofe and eye- 
 brows, with the feveral prominencies and fallings in of the features, much 
 more diftindly than any other kind of figure. In the lower Empire you have 
 abundance of broad Gothic faces, like fo many full Moons on the fide of a 
 Coin. Among the moderns too, we have of both forts, though the fineft: are 
 made after the antique. In the next place, you find the figures of many anci- 
 ent Coins rifing up in a much more beautiful relief than thofe on the modern. 
 This too is a beauty that fell with the grandeur of the Roman Emperors, fo 
 that you fee the face finking by degrees in the feveral declenfions of the Em- 
 pire, till about ConJiantine\ time it lies almoft even with the furface of the 
 Medal. After this it appears fo very plain and uniform, that one would 
 think the Coiner looked on the flatnefs of a figure as one of the greateit beau- 
 ties in Sculpture. I fancy, fays Eugenius, the Sculptors of that age had the 
 fame relifh as a Greek Priefl: that was buying fome religious pidures at Venice. 
 Among others he was (hown a noble piece of Titiati. The Prieft having 
 well furvey'd it, was very much fcandalized at the extravagance of the relief, 
 as he termed it. You know, fays he, our religion forbids all idolatry : We 
 admit of no Images but fuch as are drawn on a fmooth furface: The figure 
 you have here fhown me, flands fo much out to the eve, that I would no 
 fooner fuffer it in my Church than a Statue. I could recommend your Greek 
 Prieft, fiys Philander, to abundance of celebrated Painters on this fide of 
 the Alps that would not fail to pleafe him. We muft own however, that the 
 figures on feveral of our modern Medals are raifed and rounded to a very great 
 perfedlion. But if you compare them in this particular with the moft finifli- 
 ed among the ancients, your men of art declare univerfally for the latter. 
 
 Cynthio and Eugefiius, though they were well pleafed with Philanders dif- 
 courfe, were glad however to find it at an end : for the Sun began to gather 
 ftrength upon them, and had pierced the flicker of their walks in feveral 
 places. Philander had no fooner done talking, but he grew fenfible of the 
 heathimfelf, and immediately propofed to his friends the retiring to his lodg- 
 ings, and getting a thicker fliade over their heads. They both of them very 
 readily clofed with the propofal, and by that means give me an opportunity 
 of finifliing my Dialogue. 
 
 ?M-»uSS?! 
 
THREE SETTS OF 
 
 MEDALS 
 
 llluftrated by the 
 
 ANCIENT POETS, 
 
 In the foregoing Dialogues. 
 
 dec'tpU 
 
 From prima multos ; rara mem intelligtt 
 Interiort condtdtt qua ctira angulo. 
 
 Miilta poetarum ven'iet mamdSy Aux'il'io qua 
 Sit miht 
 
 Phaed. 
 
 Hor. 
 
 Printed in the Year MDCCXXX. 
 
THE 
 
 FIRST SERIES. 
 
 Xxx 
 
522 The First Series. 
 
 1. VIRTVTI AVGVSTI. S. C Ktvtrk oi Domitian. 
 
 2. HONOS ET VIRTVS. Reverfe of G^//5^. 
 
 3. CONCORDIA AVG. S. C. Rtvtvk o£ Sabina. 
 
 4. PAX ORBIS TERR ARUM. Reverfe of 0//&ff. 
 
 5. ABVNDANTIAAVG. S. C. Ktvtrk oi Gordianm Pius. 
 
 6. 7. FIDES EXERCITVS. ^werk o£ Heliogabalus. 
 
 8. SPES AVGVSTA. Reverk of C/auJius. 
 
 9. SECVRITAS PVBLICA. S. C. Ktvcxk q£ Aiiomnui Pius. 
 10. PVDICITIA- S. C. Kt^fG^k o£ Fauflina Junior. 
 
 a I. PIETAS AVG. S.C. Reverfe of Faujina Senior, 
 ii. AEQViTAS AVGVSTI. S. C. Reverfe of FifeUius. 
 
 13 . A E T E R N I TA S. S. C. Reverfe of Antoninus Pius. 
 
 14. SAECVLVM AVREVM. Reverfe of Adrian. 
 
 35. FELIX TEMPORUM REPARATIO. Reverfe of Conjanfin^. 
 26. AE TERN I TAS AVGVSTI. S.C. Reverfe of Adrian. 
 12' AFTER NITAS S.C. Reverfe of Antonine. 
 
 18. VICTORIA AVGVSTI. S.C. Reverfe of AT^r^. 
 
 19. SARMATIA DEVICTA. AVidory. Reverie of Confiantint. 
 
 20. LIBERTAS PVBLICA. S.C. Reverfe of G^/^<?. 
 
MEDALS. Ser'm I. 
 
 JM 
 
 XXX 2 
 
MEDALS, Series, I. 
 
 15. 
 
 5M 
 
 20. 
 
THE 
 
 SECOND SERIES. 
 
yaS The Second Series. 
 
 1. FELICITATI AVG. COS. III. P.P.S.C. Reverfe of //Wr/«^. 
 
 2. PONT IF. MAX. TR. POT. PP. COS. II. 
 
 3. P.N.R.S.C. Reverfeof Claudius. 
 
 4. S. C. Reverfe of Augujlus. 
 
 5. S.P.Q^R.P.P. OB. GIVES SERVATOS.Rcvcrfeof"Cj7/^«/«?. 
 
 6. Reverfe of Tiberius. 
 
 7. FIDES PVBLICA. Reverfe of Titus. 
 
 8. PRAETOR RECEPT. Reverfeof Claudius. 
 
 9. FECVNDITAS. S.C. Ktvcrk o? Julia Augujia. 
 
 10. NERO CLAV. CAE»AR. IMP. ET OCTAVIA. AVGVST. 
 
 F. Reverfe of Claudius. 
 
 1. ORIENS AVG. Reverfeof Aurelian. 
 
 2. Reverfe of Commodus. 
 
 3. GLORIA EXERCITVS. E.S.I.S. 7 
 
 > Reverfe of Conftantine. 
 
 4. PRINCIPI IVVENTUTIS. S.C. S 
 
 5. M. CATO, L. VETTIACVS. II. VIR. LEG. IV. LEG. VL 
 
 LEG. X. CCA. Reverfeof Tiberius. 
 
 6. TR. P. Vn. IMP. III. COS. V. P.P. S.C. Reverfeof Trajan. 
 
 7. TR. POT. V. IMP. m. COS. IL S.C. Reverfeof Lucius Verus. 
 
 8; PAX AVG. S.C. Reverfe of Vejfafian. 
 
 9. IMP. VIII. COS. III. P.P. S.C. DE GERMANIS 1 r,,,,^, ^f ^^^^^^ 
 
 20. IMP. VIII. COS. III. P. P. S.C. DE SARMATIS \ AureUus. 
 
 21. Reverfe of Trajan. 
 
 22. TR. POT. XIIII. P.P. COS. n. Reverfeof M. Aurelius. 
 
 23. DIVVS AVGVST VS PATER, coin'd under Ti'^mW. 
 
 24. COS. IIIL S.C. Kevtrk of Antoninus Pius. 
 
MEDALS. Series II. 
 
 ^19 
 
 VoL.L 
 
f ^ 
 
MEDALS. Series II. 
 
 5P 
 
 Y V y.jz 
 
THE 
 
 THIRD SERIES 
 
534 7i&^ Third Series. 
 
 1. FELIX ADVENT. AVG. G.NN. PEN. Kcverfc of Diocle/ian. 
 
 2. AFRICA. S. C. Reverfeof Septimius Severus, 
 
 3. AFRICA. S.C. Reverfe of Adrian. 
 
 4. AEGIPTOS. S.C. Reverfe of ^ir>/j»v 
 
 5. MAVRETANIA. S.C. Reverfe of ^<^r;'^n. 
 
 6. HIS PAN I A. S.C. Reverfe of ^^rz^«. 
 
 7 ADVENTVI AVG. GALLIAE. S.C. Reverfe of Adrian. 
 
 8. ITALIA. S. C. Reverfe of Marcus Antoninm. 
 
 9. ROMA. S. C. .Reverfe of Nero. 
 
 10 RESTITVTORI ACHAIAE. Reverfe of ^^n<7«. 
 
 11, BRITANNIA, Reverfe of Antoninus Pius. 
 
 12. RESTITVTORI SICILIAE. S.C. Ktvtrk ol Adrian, 
 
 1, IVDEA CAPTA. S.C. 7 
 
 ^* J» Reverfe of r£/^^<2«. 
 
 14. VICTORIA AVGVSTL S.C. S 
 
 jr. PARTHIA. S.C. COS. II. -RAvexfc oi Antoninus Pius. 
 
 16. ANTIOCHIA. 
 
 17. ©TATEIPHNQNK. CMTPN. 2TP. T. OAB. AA. AHOAAI- 
 
 N A P I O r . Reverfe of Marcus Aurelius. 
 
 ,8. ARAB. ADC^S.P.QJl. OPTIMO PRINCIPI S.C. Reverfe 
 of Trajan. 
 
MEDALS. Series, III. 
 
 5i5 
 
MEDALS. Series III. 
 
 J3 
 
 10. 
 
 It. 
 
 i^ 
 
 S3- 
 
 H- 
 
 1^, 
 
 Vol. I. 
 
 Zz 
 
I N D 'E -X. 
 
 Coyns, ajicicnt and modern, the <iifferent work- 
 
 itiainiiip otesch, fi6. 
 Cragg^s (Mr ) Secretary, his cluraSer, by "Mr. 
 
 /'«/•<•, 4K7. 
 Cni;cs battle with the Pigmies, a Latin Poem, 
 
 C\ct'.ps dcfcribed, 14, f7. 
 
 CycMHs traustbrmcd into a Swan, 15-9. 
 
 D. 
 
 r\Aci. A ^'cdaI on7rjy<?«'s victory over them, 
 474- „ 
 DomitiaH. Martini cenfured for refleding on 
 
 his memory, 476, 477. 
 Dormer, his tate at the battle of Blenheim la- 
 
 incDted, 71. 
 Drydeit, a Panegyric on his tranflations of the 
 • LiHin Poets, 3, 4, to. 
 Dunkirk, the Motto of a Medal oa that town 
 
 cenfured, fi6. 
 
 E. 
 
 EAnh, its facred Theory by Dr. Bnni^t, a 
 Latin Poem on it, 409. 
 
 Echo's transformation, 198, 231. 
 
 Egyft defcribed by a Medal, 489, 490. Its 
 fertility, 489. Its Sijlrum, ibid. Its idolatry, 
 490. 
 
 Enchamrefs (Britip) Epilogue on her, 137. 
 
 Envy defcribed, 176, 177. 
 
 Epilogue on the BritijJj Enchamrefs^ 137. 
 
 ' to the Tragedy of Cato, 369. 
 
 Equity defcribed on a Medal, 444. 
 
 Eridanus river defcribed, 45. 
 
 Eternity defcribed on a Medal, 444. 
 
 Europa\ Rape, 180, 215'. 
 
 Enfden (Laurence Efq;) his Verfes on the Tra- 
 gedy ofCato, if I. 
 
 ■pidelity defcribed on a Medal, ,437, 438, 464. 
 ■■• Fortune. Tranflation of Horace's Ode to 
 
 her, 44 1. 
 France defcribed by a Medal, 492, 493. 
 French Medals, an account of them, fif. 
 ^ruitfulnefs, emblem of it on a Medal, 468, 
 
 469- 
 
 ./^Alba, a Coin of his explained, 434. 
 
 ^-^ Garth (Dr.) his Epilogue to the Tragedy 
 
 of Cato, 369. 
 George I. verfes to Sir Godfrey Kneller oa his 
 
 pidure of that King, 374. 
 
 Geornic of l^irgH compared with his ^nei«l» 
 
 246. 
 German Chronogrammatlds rTdicuIe3, f\^. 
 Good-will, an embkm of it on- a Medal, ^6^. 
 Gorjianui Pius, a Medal of his explained, 437. 
 
 M. 
 
 TJ/illifax (Lord) Letter to him from Icaly^ 
 ■* -* 41. 
 Haunts (Dr.) a Latin copy of verfes to him, 
 
 404. 
 Happinefs, an emblem of it on a Medal, ^$(i. 
 Heltugabalus, a Medal of his explained, 438. 
 Hermaphroditus's ftoiy, 214. 
 Hefiod, a charafter of his writings, 242. 24^. 
 Honour joined on a Medal with ViaWy, 
 
 , 434- 
 
 Hope defcribed on a Medal, 438, &c. 
 Hughes (John Efq;) his verfes on the Tr^ge^lj 
 oiCato, 2J-0. 
 
 I. 
 
 '>tAnuaryy Heftotts defcrfption of that 'Month, 
 
 J i43- 
 
 Immortality of the Soul, Cato's Soliloquy on it, 
 
 3f7. 
 Innocent XI. (Pope) his Coyn to rcprefent the 
 
 danger of the Church, f\6. 
 Infcription on Medals examined, 51 1, &c. 
 Jtaly, its fertility and mifery, 49. Defcribed by 
 
 a Medal, 493, 494. 
 JucLea defcribed on feveral old Coyns, 498, 
 
 , 499- 
 
 ijuft man, his fecurity, 139, 140. 
 
 K 
 
 K. 
 
 Neller fSir Godfrey) verfes to him on life 
 pidure of the late Kin^, 374. 
 
 L. 
 
 / Abarttm, a military Enfign of the Rimani, 
 
 '-' defcribed, 473. 
 
 Laomedon, a reflexion on hi» falfhood and ty- 
 ranny, 140. 
 
 Legend on Medals examined, fti, fix. 
 
 Lewis XIV. his ambition and cruelty, 13. 
 
 Liberty, its charms, 5-1. Defcription of it on a 
 Medal, 45-4, ^SS- 
 
 Lode, his account of wit, 231. 
 
 Lmcius f^erHs, a Medal on his viaory over the 
 Parthians, 476. 
 
 ,Mif<Ht 
 
INDEX. 
 
 M. 
 
 A/f^fctif /fureliat, eiplanation of three of 
 
 ■^"'^ his Coyas, 478 to 481. 
 
 Aiariners tr.insformed to Dolphins, 107. 
 
 Marlborough (Dukc) defcription of his march 
 to Germany, 61, &c. His iiitcrvicw with 
 Prince Eugene, 64. His return to the Ne- 
 therlands, 1<;. 
 
 Martial ctnlurcd far refleding on the meinory 
 of Domitian, 476. 
 
 Mar^ (K. IViUiams Qucen) her death lament- 
 ed, 16. • 
 
 Mauritania defcribed on a Medal, 490, &c. 
 
 Medalions defcribed. 5-07, foS. 
 
 Medals, ancient, Dialogues on their ufefulncf-, 
 
 Olives, abundance of them in Sfain^ 491, 
 
 Or/wwi's bravery, ij-. 
 
 Orpheus, the power of his lyre, 31, 137. 
 
 Ov'id, general charader of his Metitmorf>h->f(i, 
 2.16. The lofiincfs of his Ideas, and a re- 
 mark on his Commentators, 2ii. Charider 
 oi Alexander Pope's Notes upon hiin, ill. 
 
 P. 
 
 419. 
 Medals, Reman, Illultratcd by the LattM Poets. 
 
 JVledais : A parallel between the ancient and mo- 
 dern ones, j-o6. Why the Ancients made 
 them of brafs or copper, r/>id. When they 
 palled as current coin, $-07. Their mottos 
 or infcriptions inquired into, fii, &c. Ac- 
 count of /^f»f A ones, ,5- 1 5-. Medallic hi/lo- 
 ry of the Popes, fi6. Pope's verfes on ^e 
 treatile of Medals, 41$-. 
 
 Mercury's rod, or Cadnceus, defcribed on a 
 Medal, 464, 46)-. 
 
 Military l*'ury Ihut up in the Temple oi Janus, 
 
 ■MS- 
 
 Milton, his poetry celebrated, 36. His ftylc imi- 
 tated, v4- 
 
 Mincio river difcribed, 43. 
 
 Montague's poetry celebrated, 3^. 
 
 Mufick, its charms, 32, 33. 
 
 N. 
 
 \TA»tHr, ficge of it defcribed, ti. 
 .■^'' AT/w river defcribed, 43. 
 Narcijfus's flory, 200, 232, &c. 
 Najfjiv, a paneejric on that family, 11. 
 Navy of K.. Irilllam IH. defcription of its tri- 
 umphs, 12, 13. 
 Nenttean games, what was the reward of the 
 
 vidlor, 496. 
 Ner», explanation of hfs Medal on his marriage 
 • with OMtivia, 469, &c. 
 Ntle, defcription of that river, if^, 224. 
 
 O. 
 
 p)AIm-tree,5why reprefcnted on Coins relating 
 
 -*• to Jud.ca, 499, fOO. 
 
 Parfly, a garland of it the reward ofthe ViSor 
 
 in the Newtcan game'!, 496. 
 Parthia defcribed on a Medal, and by the Poets, 
 
 fOO. 
 
 Parthiaits, a Medal on Ludus Vertis's vidory 
 
 over them, 476. 
 Peace defcribed on a Medal, 436, 464. 
 Pentheus's llory, 204, 236. His death, 212, 
 
 i54- 
 Perjius, a better Poet than Lucan, f 04. 
 Phicbu!, defcription of his throne, i^f. 
 Phxnix defcribed on a Medal, 444 to 448. 
 Phaeton's ftory, 144, 219. His fillers tran-f- 
 
 formed iuto trees, 15-7. 
 Philtp II. a gold Medal of his weighing 22 lib. 
 
 S07. A Medal of his on Charles V. refign- 
 
 ing the Crown to him, fxi. 
 Philip, {/ir„hrofe Efq;J) his verfes on the Tra- 
 gedy ot Cato, 259. 
 Piety defcribed on a Medal, 443. 
 Plane-tree, C/Vrro's obfervation on it, fOf. 
 Plenty defcribed on a Medal, 436, 437, 462, 
 
 Poets, Englip,z focm on the chief of them, 34. 
 
 Polyphemus and his cave delirribed, 5-6, &c. 
 
 Pope (Alexander Efq;) his Prologue to Cato, 
 3.60. His verfes on the treatife of Medals, 
 415-. His charaaer of iMr. Secretary Craggs, 
 
 Popes, their Medallic hiftory, f 16. 
 Prologues; to the Tender Husband, 136. T^y 
 
 the Tragedy of C<»/«, 160. 
 PruJJia (King of) a heavy gold Medal in his 
 
 colleSion, 5-07. 
 Puppet-fhow, a Latin Poem, 406. 
 Pigmies battle with the Cranes, a Latin Poem. 
 
 391. 
 
 Q- 
 
 O,, , . ,,.,,, . O^"" ^'"'''^«'*. verfes prefented to her ArhcH 
 
 Aken garland on old Medals explained, V^. Princefs of »'aUs) with the Tragedy of 
 461, &c. when diftributed as a reward, 04/0,371. 6 / "• 
 
 462 
 Htyrrbot transformed to a marc, 17.1. 
 
 Rabbet r. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 R. 
 
 R 
 
 Abbets, the multitude of them \nSpaiuy 491. 
 Railery avoided by the old Romans on their 
 Coyns, yo9, fio. 
 
 Rape of Europa, 180, iif. 
 
 Raphael, his art in painting, 49. 
 
 Kcfurreflion, a Latin Poem, 397. 
 
 Rcfwic, a Latin Poem on the Peace conclud- 
 ed there, 38 1 . 
 
 Roman Cafars. The Charadlcrs afcribcd to 
 them on Medals, J09. 
 
 Romans (oldj their habit, 466. 
 
 Rome delcribed, 47, 494. Its common-wealth 
 reprefented by a flrandJd Veflel, 4^50, 481. 
 
 Rofamofid, an Opera, 8f. Copy of Verfes to 
 the Author, 81 
 
 Rnfcommon (Lordj his Poetry celebrated, 37. 
 
 Ro[s {Alexander) charaQcr of his Notes upon 
 Ovid, 221. 
 
 Rujfel ('Admiral; his Bravery, 14, if. 
 
 CAgulim, mentioned by Virgil, defcribed on a 
 *J Medal, 492. 
 Salmads, her btory, 214- 
 Scales on old Coyns explained, 460 
 Schellemberg Battel celebrated, 65-, 66. 
 Security defcribed on a Medal, 440, ^.c. 
 Semele, her Story, 194, 230. 
 Sheep, the Emblem of France, 492. 
 Ships of the Romans. A conjefture that they 
 
 had their tutelar Deities, 458, 4.79, 
 Shipwrecks defcribed, 4^8, ^c. 479. 
 Sicily defcribed on a Medal, 497, 498. 
 Sijtrum or Timbrel of the Mgyptians, 489. 
 Slaves, how they became citizens of ^owi?, 45'4. 
 Smyrna defcribed on a Medal and by the Poets, 
 
 joi, J02. 
 Somers fLord Keeper) a Poem to him, with one 
 
 upon King Williara, 7. 
 Soul; Cd/o's foliloquy on its immortality, 
 
 Spain defcribed on a Medal, 491, &c. Abounds 
 
 with Rabbets, ibid. 
 Spenfer's Poetry celebrated, 34, 3^, 
 Spharijlerium. . A Latin Poem, 40T. 
 Sphinx, defcription of that monfter, 482. 
 Stai)dard-Bearer {Roman) defcribed, 46$-. 
 
 Statins, his charafler, 220. 
 
 Steele fSir Richard) his Verfes on the Tragedy 
 
 of Cato, 249. 
 Sun, defcription of its Palace, 144. Why re 
 
 prefented on Medals by Corona Radiata, 484. 
 
 T. 
 
 "T^llard, iiis misfortune deplored, 72, (s^c. 
 -* Thunderbolt on old Medals explained, 46c, 
 
 461. 
 Tiber River defcribed, •4f . 
 Tiberius, a Co) n of his explained, 473. 
 Tickell (Thomas Efq;) his Verfes on the Tragedy 
 
 of Cato, 2f5'. 
 Timbrel of the Egyptians, 489. 
 Tirefias^s transformation, 197. 
 Titus. One of his Medals explained, 498, isfc. 
 Trajan, a Medal on his ViSory over the Daci, 
 
 4"74. Another of his Medals explained, 479». 
 
 i^c. 
 Trees, what will bear grafting on each other,, 
 
 239. 
 7'roy . Horace's Ode upon Augujlus\ defign to • 
 
 rebuild it, 139. 
 
 V. 
 
 T7Efpafiaii, a Medal on the Peace he procured. 
 *^ the Empire, 477, isfc. Another o/his. 
 
 Medals explained, 498. 
 Veffels (old Koman) defcribed, 45-7. 
 Viflory defcribed on alVledal, 451, ^c. yoo. 
 
 On a Coyn of Conftantine^ 453. Joined oas 
 
 a Medal with Honour, 434. 
 p'irgiTs Georgicks, an Ellay on them, 236. 
 Virtue defcribed on a Medal, 434. 
 
 W.. 
 
 TJ/'jI Iter's Poetry celebrated, 37. 
 
 ^^ Water-Deities, reprefented on Medals,- 
 
 480. 
 William III. (Kingj a Poem to his Majefty, 9.. 
 Wit. Mr. Locke's account of it^ 23 ?. 
 
 rOung, (Dr.) his Verfes ODthe Tragedy, of 
 Cato, 25'i. 
 
 the End of the Firjl Volume^ 
 
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