tCKSTE It, J 
 
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 / hciyy^tcix V. aIaol*.ȣ5 
 
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 ^^T'^ ^T'T^y y^^y^^ 
 
 JOHN T. RING 
 MEMORIAL 
 
 This book is a part of the library of 
 PROFESSOR 
 
 Thornton Shirley Graves 
 
 Professor of English in 
 
 Trinity College 
 
 1913-1921 
 
 which was purchased for the 
 
 Duke University Library 
 
 by the Class of 1916 
 
 as a memorial to their classmate 
 
 JOHN T. RING 
 
 who was killed in action in France on 
 July 19, 1918 
 
# ■: *. .'.I, 
 
MEMOIRS 
 
 O F 
 
 SEVERAL LADIES 
 
 O F 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN, 
 
 WHO HAVE BEEN CELEBRATED FOR 
 
 THEIR WRITINGS OR SKILL IN THE 
 
 LEARNED LANGUAGES ARTS AND SCIENCES. 
 
 Bv GEORGE BOLLARD of Magd. Coll. Ox 
 
 lON, 
 
 Et fane qui Sexiim alterum adflndia idoneum fiegani. Jam olim rejeHi 
 fuere ab omnibus philofophis. Vossius de Nat. Art. L. II. C. 2. 
 
 OXFORD, 
 
 Printed by W. Jackson, for the Author, 
 
 MDCCLII. 
 
T O 
 
 MRS TALBOT '^'^'^' 
 
 OF KINETON IN WARWICKSHIRE 
 THE FOLLOWING MEMOIRS OF 
 
 LEARNED LADIES 
 
 IN THE FIFTEENTH AND SIXTEENTH CENTURIES 
 
 ARE MOST HUMBLY INSCRIBED 
 
 AS AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT 
 
 OF MY SINCERE AND HIGH REGARD FOR HER AND 
 
 MR TALBOT 
 
 AND AS A SMALL TESTIMONY OF GRATITUDE 
 
 FOR EXTRAORDINARY FAVOURS 
 
 CONFERRED BY BOTH OF THEM 
 
 UPON THEIR MOST OBLIGED 
 
 AND MOST DEVOTED 
 
 HUMBLE SERVANT 
 
 GEORGE BALLARD. 
 
 21 1478 
 
Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive 
 in 2011 with funding from 
 Duke University Libraries 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/memoirsofseveralOOball 
 
( V) 
 
 THE 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 AS the preferring from oblivion the memory of llluflrlous 
 perfons hath generally been looked upon as a commendable 
 undertaking; fo It may be obferved, that fmce the revival of 
 letters, the publlck hath never wanted writers of this klnd^ 
 who have endeavoured to fet their great excellencies and attain- 
 ments in a true and proper light; to Inform us of thofe particulars 
 in their lives and fna?iners, which befl deferve our Imitation, atid 
 to tranfmlt to pofierlty even thofe peculiarities alfo, which afford 
 us no Inconfiderable entertalntnent. And more particularly, thofe 
 who have dlftlngul/l.^ed themfelves In the republlck of letters, have 
 feldom been unattended with their memorlalljls : fome of which 
 have beenfo diligent and Induflrlous in tracing out and colleSllng 
 together every remarkable pafj'age, that they feem. In fome In- 
 fiances, to have taken ?io lefs pahis to llluflrate the characters of 
 
 great 
 
 2114.78 
 
great and famcin ivn'fers, than they themfehes did to acquire 
 that diJlinSlion, 
 
 'The prefent age is fo far from being defeSlive in this refpeBy 
 that it hath produced a greater 7iiimber of excellent biographers 
 than any preceding times : atid yet, I btow not how it hath hap- 
 pened, that 'very many ingenious women of this nation, who were 
 really poffefs' d of a great f^are of lear?iing, and have, no doubt, 
 in their time been famous for it, are not only unknown to the 
 publick in gejieral, but have been pafjed by in fiknce by our 
 greatefl biographers. 
 
 When it is confidered how much has been done on thisfubjeSl 
 by fever al learned foreigners, * we may juftly be fur prized at 
 this jiegleB among the writers of this nation ; more especially, 
 as it is pretty certain, that England hath produced more women 
 famous for literary accomplifoments, than any other nation in 
 Europe, 
 
 The true reafon of my engaging in this undertaking will, I 
 believe, appear to be the beft that can be given ; and I can af- 
 fure the reader, that iiothing but this general negleSl of our 
 biographers could ever have fiiggefted fuch a defign to 07te, who 
 is truly fenfible of his incapacity to do jujlice to the merits of 
 
 * Petruccio Ubaldino, Jacobus a Sane- Chiefa, Philip de Bergamo, Scardeoni, 
 to Carole, Boccace Betuffi, Peter Panl de Csefar Capacio, Pinto, Hilarion de Cofta, 
 Ribera, Francis Serdonati, Auguftin della Menage, Juncker, Src, 
 
 paji 
 
( vii) 
 
 •pajl times y or to afford entertainment for the prefent. And for 
 this rcafon, I have chofen to begin no earlier than the fourteenth 
 century ; bccaufe all that could ivell be colleBed of fuch as pre- 
 ceded that period, hath been already communicated to the -world 
 by Bijhop Taniter. 
 
 Thofe, whofe memoirs are here offered to the publick, I have 
 
 placed in the order of time in nvhich they lived; cinitting none, of 
 
 whom I could coUe6t fuffcient materials. For as there may yet be 
 
 fome learned 'women of thofe times, whofe characters J am an iU" 
 
 tire fir anger to % fo there are others, lohom 1 ivell know to have 
 
 been perfons of dijlinguifxd parts and learning, but have been 
 
 able to collcB very little elfe relating to them. Such as. Lady 
 
 Mary Ncvil, Lady Anne South-well, Lady Honor Hay, Lady 
 
 Mary Wreath, Lady Armyne, Lady Ranelagh, Lady Anne Boyn- 
 
 ton (famous for her fkill in ancient coins, and noble colleStion of 
 
 them) Lady Levet, Lady JFarncr. Geuth'-icomcn : Mrs. Ma- 
 
 billa Vaughan, Mrs. Elizabeth Gritnjlon, Mrs. fane O-wen, 
 
 Mrs. M. Croft, Mrs. JEmillia Lanyer, Mrs. Makins (-who cor- 
 
 rcfpofided in the learned languages -with Mrs. Anna Maria a 
 
 Schurnian) Airs. Gertrude More, Mrs. Dorothy Leigh, together 
 
 -with very many other lear7ied and ingenious -women, fince the year 
 
 1 700 ; of thofe latter I have had the good fortune to make very 
 
 confidcrable collections : and among the former, I had drawn up 
 
 an account of Mrs, Carcw, in the fame manner with the other 
 
 memoirs, but omitted printing it by mere accident. 
 
 I am forry I could not oblige my readers with a complete tranf- 
 lation of all the poetical paffages introduced into this work ; tho' 
 
 / at 
 
( viil ) 
 at the fame time Imtijl acknowledge my felfmnch indebted, on that 
 account, to my very ingenioia and worthy friends, the Rev. Mr, 
 Parry of Shipjlon upon Stoiir in Worcefierfiire, ajtd the Rev. 
 Mr. Ruffel of St. Mary Hall, in Oxford : and I take it as the 
 greater favour, becauje I am f&nfible that whatever time thofe 
 two gentlemen have employed in this way, hath been borrowed 
 from fiudies of much greater ufe and import ancey 
 
 Nor mujl I here omit my acbiowledgments to all thofe, who 
 have been fo good as to promote the publication of this work : 
 from which the author does not expeSl a?ty CharaSler in the learned 
 Ivor Id; nor indeed is he folicitous about it, any farther than as 
 he would be very for ry to dif appoint the expeSlations of thofe fe- 
 'ueral worthy perfons, who have favoured him with their encoii- 
 rogement, or honoured him with their friendflnp, 
 
 Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 Nov. 23, 1752. 
 
( «) 
 
 SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 A. 
 
 THE Right Hon. the Countcfs 
 of Abercorn. 
 The Right Honourable the Countcfs 
 
 of Aylefbury. 
 The Right Honourable Lord Vifcount 
 
 Anclover. 
 The Reverend Dr. Amphlctt. 
 Mr, Jofeph Ames, of Wappin London. 
 Mrs. Am)-and. 
 Mr. Aflifield, of Evefliam in 'Wor- 
 
 cefterfliire. 
 Mrs. Aynfcombe, of St. Leonard's 
 
 HilJ, Berks. 
 
 B. 
 
 Her Grace the Dutchefs of Bridgwater. 
 
 The Right Honourable the Marchio- 
 nefs of Blandford. 
 
 The Right Honourable Lady Eliza- 
 beth Cavendiilie Bcntinck. 
 
 The Right Honour.ible Lady Henrietta 
 Cavendiflie Bentinck. 
 
 The Right Honourable Lady Margaret 
 Cavendiflie Bcntinck. 
 
 The Right Rc\erend John Lord Bifliop 
 of Brillol. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Bagfliaw, of Bromley 
 in Kent. 2 Copies. 
 
 Charles Baldwyn, of Aqualate, Efq. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Ballard, of Campden in 
 Gloucefterfliire. 
 
 Mr. Ballard, of Henley. 
 
 Mifs Peggy Banks. 
 
 Mi(s Barber, of Caftle Grcafly in 
 Nottinghamfhirc. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Barton, Canon of Cli. 
 Ch. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Barton. 
 
 The Rev. Philip Barton, M. A. Fel- 
 low of New-College, Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Barret, of Campden in 
 Glouceftcrfhire. 
 
 Mr. Barrett, Bookfeller in Oxford. 
 
 Jofeph Fofter Barham, Efq; M. A. 
 Fellow-Commoner of Trin. Coll. 
 Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Robert Batefcn, Commoner of 
 LTniverfity College, Oxon. 
 
 Stephen Beckingham, Efq; Gent. Com- 
 moner of Trin. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Bell, of Wefton-Subedgc in 
 Gloucefterfliire. 
 
 Sir John Barnard Knight, and Alder- 
 man of London. 
 
 Norreys Bertie, Efq. 
 
 Mrs. Bewick. 
 
 Lady Biddulph. 
 
 John Birch, B. A. Fellow of Magda- 
 len College Oxon. 
 
 b Mr. 
 
SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Mr. Jofeph Blddle, of Eveftiam in 
 Worcefterfhire. 
 
 Mr. Philip Billingfley, Commoner of 
 Queen's College Oxon. 
 
 William Biffell, B. A. of Brazen-nofe 
 College Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Blackwell. 
 
 William Blackftone, L L. D. Fellow 
 of All-Souls College Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Blewit. 
 
 Mrs. Boden. 
 
 Mrs. Bond, of Shipfton upon Stour in 
 Worceftcrlhire. 
 
 Jofeph Bofanquet, Efq; Merchant in 
 Hamburgh. 
 
 Sir Philip Boteler. 2 Books. 
 
 Lady Boteler. 
 
 The Honourable Mifs Bouverle. 
 
 Mifs D'Boverie. 2 Books. 
 
 Mr. John Bowen, Scholar of Brazen- 
 nofe College Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Bower. 
 
 Mr. Bourchier, Fellow of Worcefter 
 College Oxon, [deceafed] 
 
 Mr. Richard Bridger, Demy of Mag- 
 dalen College Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Bridgeman, of Aldgate - High- 
 Street London. 
 
 Mrs. Bridgeman. 
 
 Mifs Bridgeman. 
 
 The Rev. Richard Brinknell, M. A. 
 Chaplain of Ch. Ch. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Richard Brown, D. D. 
 
 The Rev. Robert Bryne, M. A. School- 
 Mafter of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Benjamin Buckler, M. A. 
 Fellow of All-Souls Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. John Burton, D. D. Fellow 
 of Eton College. 
 
 Mrs. Busficld. 
 
 Mrs. Butler. 
 
 Mifs Biitterfield. 
 
 The Reverend Mr. Bye, of Maidftone 
 in Kent. 
 
 C. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Anne Coventry. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Dorothy Child. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lord Carpenter. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Chedworth. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Cowper. 
 
 Mrs. Canning, of Foxcote in War- 
 wickfhire. 
 
 Thomas Carew, Efq; Commoner of 
 Queen's College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Henry Chapone. 
 
 MifsChapoue, of Cheltenham inGlou- 
 cefterfliire. 
 
 Mr. Philip Chetwode, Commoner of 
 Brazen-nofe College, Oxon. 
 
 Sir John Chichefter, Bart. 
 
 Lady Chichefter. 
 
 Mrs. Childe, of Kinlet. 
 
 Mifs Childe. 
 
 Mifs Chudleigh, of Halden in Devon. 
 
 Mrs. Cholmeley, of Buckingham Street 
 York Buildings, London. 
 
 Mrs. Cholmeley, of Eaton in Lin- 
 colnfhire. 
 
 The Rev. Montague Cholmeley, D.D. 
 Fellow of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Charles Clarke, Efq; Gentleman Com- 
 moner of Brazen-nofe Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Clements, Bookfeller in Oxford. 
 
 James Clitherow, B. A. Fellow of All- 
 Souls Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Joanna Coates. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Cobb, M. A. Prebend- 
 ary of St. Patrick's, Dublin. 
 
 Mr. Jofeph Cocks, Commoner of Oriel 
 College, Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Coneybeare. 
 
 Mifs Mary Conyers. 
 
 The Hon. Mifs Coolly. 
 
 Mr. Robert Cooper of Pebworth in 
 Gioucefterlhire. 
 
 John 
 
SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 XI 
 
 John Mordaunt Cope, Efq; M. A. 
 
 Fellow Commoner of Trinity Coll. 
 
 Oxon. 
 Rowland Cotton, of Etwall in Der- 
 
 byfliire, Efq. 
 Mifs Cottrel, of Saintbury in Glou- 
 
 cefterfhire. 
 
 D. 
 
 Her Grace the Dutchefs of Dorfet. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Dart- 
 mouth, [deceas'd] 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Dart- 
 mouth, of Trin. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Doncgall. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Lord Dupplin. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Lady Dyfart. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Dampicr of Eton. 
 
 Mrs. Dafliwood of Sunninghill, Berks. 
 
 Sir John Davie, Bart, of Magd. Coll. 
 Oxon. 
 
 William Day, B. A. Fellow of Magd. 
 Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mr. William Deane, Demy of Magd. 
 Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Delany, fix Copies. 
 
 Thomas Delaval, Efq; of Hamburgh. 
 
 George Denton, Elq; of Hillcfdcn, 
 Bucks. 
 
 Mrs. Denton. 
 
 Mrs. Dewes, of Welfbourn in War- 
 wickfhire. 
 
 Mr. Bennct Dorfet, Commoner of 
 Brazcn-nofe Coll. Oxon. 
 
 George Downing, M. A. of Wadham 
 Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Thomas Drake, EfqiFellow-Common- 
 cr of Brazcn-noie Coll. Oxen. 
 
 Mrs. Duke of the Clofe, Exon. 
 
 Mrs. Conftant E. D. 
 
 Mrs. Duckett. 
 
 Hele Dyer, Efq; of Cheyne Row, 
 Chclfea. 
 
 The Right Honourable Lady Elizabeth 
 Egerton. 
 
 Mrs. Edmunds. 
 
 The Rev. Henry Egerton, M. A. of 
 Oriel Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Richard Ellis, Commoner of Jefus 
 College, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Elliot. 
 
 John Eftridge, Efq; Gentleman Com- 
 moner of C. C. C. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Andrew Etty, B. D. Fellow 
 of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. James Evans, M. A. Chap- 
 lain of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Mr^Eyre, of Bright- Walton, 
 Berks. 
 
 F. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Ferrers. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Vifcountefg 
 Folkcflone. 
 
 The Hon. Mrs. Fortefcue, of Ebber- 
 ton in (jlouceflcrflilre. 
 
 Mrs. Fettiplace, of Swinbrook in Ox- 
 fordfhire. 
 
 Mrs. Fletcher, of Campden in Glou- 
 ceflerfliire. 
 
 Mr. James Fletcher, Bookfeller in Ox- 
 ford ; two Copies. 
 
 Mr. Forbes, of Cheltenham in GIou- 
 ceftcrfhire. 
 
 The Rev. George Fothergilj, D, D. 
 Principal of St. Edmund's Hall, Oxon. 
 
 Thomas Edwards Freeman, of Bates- 
 ford in Gloucefterfliirc, Efq. 
 
 Mr. William Frankcombe, Commoner 
 of Univerfity College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. James Francklyn, Commoner of 
 Oriel Coll. Oxon, [deceas'd] 
 
 b 2 The 
 
SUBSCRIBERS, 
 
 xu 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Furfman, Chancellor 
 of Exon. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Guilford. 
 The Right Hon. Lord Guernfey. 
 The Right Honourable Lady Charlotte 
 
 Guernfey. 
 The Right Rev. Martin Lord Biftiop 
 
 cf Glouceftcr, [deceas'd.] 
 The Hon. Lady Hefter Grenville. 
 Edward Gibbon, Efq; Gent. Com- 
 moner of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 The Rev. Charles Godw)n, B. D. 
 
 Fellow of Ball. Coll. Oxon. 
 William Goodday, B. A. Fellow of 
 
 Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 Mi(s Godfchall, of Sheen in Surrey. 
 The Rev. Gilpin Goril, M. A. of 
 
 Queen's Coll. O.xon. 
 Morgan Graves, of Mickleton in 
 
 Gloucefterfhire, Efq. 
 Mr. James Green, Engraver in Oxon. 
 Mrs. Gregory, of Harlaxton in Lin- 
 
 colnfhire. 
 George Grenville, Efq. 
 Mifs Guyan of Oxford. 
 Mrs. Gyftbrd, of Nuffield in Oxford- 
 shire. 
 
 H. 
 
 The Right Honourable and Right 
 
 Reverend Lord James Eeauclerk, 
 
 Bilhop of Hereford. 
 Charles Haddock, B. A. of Oriel Coll. 
 
 Oxon. 
 The Rev. John Hall, B. D. Fellow of 
 
 Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 Benjamin Hailifax, B. A. Scholar of 
 
 Brazen-nofe Coll. Oxon. 
 John Hanbury, Efq; Merchant in 
 
 Hamburgh. 
 
 Charles Hardy, of Hatton Garden, Efq. 
 
 Charles Hardy, of Delapree near Nor- 
 thampton, Efq. 
 
 The Hon. and Rev. John Harley, 
 M. A. of Ch. Ch. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 David Hartle)', B. A. Fellow-Com- ' 
 moner of C. C. C. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Amy Hafelden. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Hayter, Commoner of 
 Oriel Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Chriftopher Heckftetter, of Hamburgh, 
 Efq. 
 
 Sir Rowland Hill, of Hawkftone in 
 Shropfhire, Bart. 
 
 Richard Hill, Efq; Gentleman Com- 
 moner of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Hincks, of Stone in StafFordfhire. 
 
 Mrs. Hoblyn. 
 
 Lady Holt. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Hole, Archdeacon of 
 Barum. 
 
 Mrs. Anna Hopkins, 3 Books. 
 
 The Rev. Matthew Horbery, D. D, 
 Fellow of Mag. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Da\'id Home, M. A. 
 
 Vanfittart Hudfon, Efq. 
 
 Owen Hughes, Efq; Commoner of Jc- 
 fus College, Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Thomas Hunt, D. D. Ca- 
 non of Chrift Church, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Hunter of Bunkufs, Hertford- 
 fhire. 
 
 Benjamin Hyet, of Painfwick in Glou- 
 cefterfhire, Efq. 
 
 J. 
 
 Mr. Jackfon, Printer, in Oxford. 
 Benjamin Licledon, of Pilton in De- 
 
 vonfhire, Efq. 
 Mifs Jenner, of Oxford. 
 Mr. George Johnfon, Demy of Magd. 
 
 College, Oxon. 
 
 Mifs 
 
SUBSCRIBE 
 
 Mifs Jones, of Oxford. 
 Ambrofe Ifled, of Efton in Northamp- 
 tonfliire, Efq. 
 
 K. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Sufan Keck, of 
 
 Tew in Oxfoidfliire. 
 Mrs. Sidney Kennon. 
 
 L. 
 
 The Riwht Hon. the T.ady Luxborough. 
 
 The Hon. Mifs Legge. 
 
 The Hon. Mifs ElizT Legge; 
 
 Mifs Lawrence, of Shiirdington, Glou- 
 cefterfliire. 
 
 — — Lee, Efq. 
 
 Smart Lethieidlier, of Alderfbrook in 
 EfTex, Efq. 
 
 Mrs. Lcthicullier, 
 
 Erafmus Lewis, of Cork-Street, Bur- 
 lington Gardens, Efq. 
 
 JohnXong, B. A. Fellow of All-Souls 
 College, Oxon. 
 
 John Loveday, of Caverfliam in Ox- 
 fordfhirc, Efq. 
 
 Mifs Lloyd, of Kuflailgyfarch, Cai-nar- 
 vonfliire. 
 
 Edward Lloyd, Efq; Commoner of Jc- 
 fus College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. John Lloyd, Gentleman Com- 
 moner of C. C. C. Oxon. 
 
 Mr. William Lloyd, Commoner of 
 Brazen-Nofe College, (^xon. 
 
 George Lucy, of Charlecote in War- 
 wickfliirc, Efq. 
 
 John Ludford, of Anfley-Hall, Efq. 
 
 The Rev. Edward Lye, M. A. Redor 
 of Yardlcy Haftings, Northanipton- 
 fliire. 
 
 Sir Tho. Lyttelton, Baronet,[deceafed] 
 
 Sir George I^yttelton, Baronet. 
 
 The Hon. Colonel Lyttelton. 
 
 R S. xiil 
 
 Dr. Lyttelton, Dean of 
 
 The Rev 
 
 Exeter. 
 
 Daniel Lyfons, M. A. Fellow of All- 
 Souls College, Oxon. 
 
 M. 
 
 John Macock, B. A. Demy of Magd. 
 College, Oxford. 
 
 Mr. Ricliard Mackelcan. 
 
 Mifs Sallv Mackelcan. 
 
 The Rev. KLatthew Maddock, M. A. 
 Fellow of Brazcn-nofe Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Mainwaring, of Lincoln. 
 
 John Mangy, M. A. Fellow-Common- 
 er of St." Mary Hall, Oxon. 
 
 Miles Mann, Efq; Town Clerk of the 
 City of London. 
 
 Mrs. I\Iarun of Windfor. 
 
 Thom;is Martin, Efq. 
 
 William Martin, Efq. 
 
 Mr. John Martin, of Campdcn in 
 Glouccftcrfliire. 
 
 Mrs. Mafon, of Ormond-ftreet, Lon- 
 don. 
 
 Thomas Maflers, of Hamburgh, Efq. 
 
 The Rev. William Seeic Maxey, B. A. 
 Fellow-Commoner of Qiieen's Coll. 
 Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Meadowcourt, Canon 
 of Worcefter, 2 Copies. 
 
 Mofcs Meiides, Efq; 2 Copies. 
 
 The Rev. James Merrick, M. A. Fel- 
 low of 'Irinity College, Oxford. 
 
 George Middleton, M. D. of Ham- 
 burgh. 
 
 Sanderfon Millar, of Radway in War- 
 wickfliirc, Efq. 
 
 Mrs. MilKir. 
 
 Mifs Minycr. 
 
 The Rev. Thomas Monkhoufe, A. M. 
 of Qiiecn's College, Oxon. 
 
 Edward Rowc Mores, Efq; F. A. S. 
 
 Mif^ 
 
SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 XIV 
 
 Mifs Mores of Do£lor's Commons. 
 Mr. Morrice. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Morrifon of Exeter. 
 Matthew Morley, M. D. of Lincoln's- 
 
 Inn Fields. 
 Mrs. Mofeleyjof Weflington, inGlou- 
 
 ceflerfhire. 
 The Rev. Chard in Mufgrave, M. A. 
 
 of Oriel College, Oxon. 
 Mr. Mynde, Engraver. 
 
 N. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of North- 
 ampton. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Lord North of 
 Trinity College, Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Nanny, of Elernion, Carnarvon- 
 fhire. 
 
 The Rev. Timothy Neve, M. A. Fel- 
 low of C. C. C. Oxon. 
 
 Lady Dowager Newdigate. 
 
 Lady Newdigate. 
 
 Mifs Newfam. 
 
 William Nedham, Efq; Gentleman- 
 Commoner of Ch. Ch. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Thomas Nicholfon, B. A. of 
 College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Ralph Nicholfon, Scholar of Bra- 
 zen-nofe College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Norman, Junior, of Broad-Street, 
 London. 
 
 John Norris, Efq; M. A. Fellow-Com- 
 moner of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Norwood, of Leck-hampton, 
 Glouceflerfhire. 
 
 John Nourfe, Efq. 
 
 Mrs. Nugent. 
 
 O. 
 
 The Right Rev. the Lord ^ifliop of 
 
 Oxford, 3 copies. 
 Leake Oakover, Efq. 
 
 The Rev. Humphrey Owen, B. D. Head 
 Keeper of the Bodleian Library. 
 
 Robert Godolphin Owen, Efq; Gen- 
 tleman-Commoner of Oriel College, 
 Oxon. 
 
 Her Grace the Dutchefs of Portland. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Earl of Plymouth. 
 
 The Rev. John Paget, B. A. of Oriel 
 Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Francis Page, Efq; of Middle Aflon, 
 Oxfordfhire. 
 
 Lady Palmer, of Carlton, Northamp- 
 tonfhire. 
 
 Mr. John Parker. 
 
 The Rev. Gilbert Parker, M. A. Fel- 
 low of Trinity College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Sackville Parker, Bookfeller in 
 Oxford. 
 
 The Rev. William Parry, B. D. Rec- 
 tor of Shipfton upon Stour in Wor- 
 cefterfhire, 2 Copies. 
 
 The Rev. Thomas Patten, B. D. Fel- 
 low of C. C. C. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. William Payne, D. D. Fel- 
 low of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Edmund Pembruge, Attorney at 
 Law, of Mickleton, Gloucefterlhire, 
 2 copies. 
 
 Mifs Percival of Briflol. 
 
 Mifs Perrin, of Campden in GIou- 
 cefterfhire. 
 
 Richard Perfehowfe, Efq; Gentlemar.- 
 Commoner of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Philips, of James-Street, Weft- 
 minfter. 
 
 Charles Pilkington, B. A. Fellow cf 
 Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Pope. 
 
 Thomas Powys,Efq; Gentleman-Com- 
 moner of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Charles Price, of Blount's Court, Efq. 
 
 Humphrey 
 
SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 XV 
 
 Humphrey Prideaux, of Padilow, Efq. 
 Thomas Pro(5tor, of Well-Coker in 
 Somerfetlhirc, Efq, 
 
 The Rev. Henry Qiiartley, M. A. 
 Rcdlor of Wickcn, Northampton- 
 fhire. 
 
 R. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lady Anne Rufhout, 
 of Northwick in Worceflcrfliirc. 
 
 Richard Rawlinfon, LL.D.andF.R.S. 
 
 Mr. John Radenhurft, Scholar of Bra- 
 zen-nofe College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Richardfon, of Salifbury-Court, 
 London. 
 
 Mifs Roberts. 
 
 John Roberts, B. A. of Brazen-nofe 
 College, Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. John Roberts, B. A. of Bra- 
 zen-nofe College, Oxon. 
 
 The Rev.Chriftopher Robinfon, M. A. 
 Fellow of Magd. College, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Robinfon of Cranttey, North- 
 aniptonfliire. 
 
 Henry Rodbard of Merriott in Somer- 
 fetfliire, Efq. 
 
 Dennis Rolle, Efq. 
 
 Mrs. Rudge. 
 
 The Rev. George RufTcl, B. A. of St. 
 Mary Hall, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Ruffel. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Countcfs of Stam- 
 ford. 
 
 The Right Hon. George Lord Sackville. 
 
 The Right Hon. Robert Southwell, Efq. 
 
 Mifs Salvey of the Moor near Ludlow. 
 
 The Rev. Daniel Sandford, M. A. of 
 Oriel College, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Sarney cf Oxford. 
 
 Sir George Sa\ ille. Baronet. 
 
 The Rev. Erafmus Saunders, M. A. and 
 Canon of Windfor. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Sayer, Apothecary in Ox- 
 ford. 
 
 Thomas Scawen, Efq; Gentleman- 
 Commoner of Oriel Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Richard Scrope, B. A. Demy 
 of Magdalen College, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Scrope of Caftle-Combc, near 
 Chippenham, Wilts. 
 
 The Rev. Robert Seely, D. D. Fellow 
 of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 James Sclbv, Efq; of Wandon, Bucks. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Seward, RoStor of Eyani 
 in Derbyfhire. 
 
 Mrs. Sheldon of Wefton in Warwick- 
 fliire. 
 
 Anthony Simpfon, Efq; Merchant iii 
 Hamburgh. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Sleech, Provoft of Eton. 
 
 Mrs. Frances Smith, 2 copies. 
 
 Mrs. Smalridge of Worcelter. 
 
 W. H. Sneyd, Efq; M. A. Fellow 
 Commoner of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Snow, Canon Rcfidca- 
 tiary of Exon. 
 
 George Sparrow, B. A. of Oriel Col- 
 lege, Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Harriot Speed. 
 
 Edwyn Francis Stanhope, Efq; Gen- 
 tleman-Commoner of St. Alban- 
 Hall, Oxon. 
 
 The Rev. Robert Stebbing, B. D. Fel- 
 low of Magd. College, Oxon. 
 
 Edward Stillingfleet, Efq; Gentleman- 
 Commoner of Wadham College, 
 Oxon. 
 
 James Stillingfleet, B. A. . Fellow of 
 Merton College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Jofhua Stephenfon, Demy of Mag- 
 dalen College, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Stephenfon. The 
 
SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 XVI 
 
 The Rev. John Swinton, M. A. of 
 Ch. Ch. Coll. Oxon, F. R. S. 
 
 The Rev. Gilbert Swanne, B. D. Fel- 
 low of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Swanne of Ilmington in War- 
 wickfliire. 
 
 Mrs. Symes. 
 
 The Right Hon. the Marquis of Titch- 
 
 field. 
 The Right Hon. Earl Temple. 
 The Right Hon. Countefs Temple. 
 The Right Hon. Earl Tilney. 
 The Right Hon. Lady Talbot. 
 The Rev. William Talbot, M. A. of 
 
 Kineton in WarwicWhire. 
 Charles Henry Talbot, E(q. 
 Mrs. Tayler, of Wefton-Turville in 
 
 Buckinghamihire. 
 Mrs. Anne Taylor, of Campden in 
 
 Gloucefterftiire. 
 Mr. Antheny Thomas, Commoner of 
 
 Jefus College, Oxon. 
 Sir Peter Thompfon, Knight, F. R. S. 
 The Rev. William Thompfon, M. A. 
 
 Fellow of Queen's Coll. Oxon. 
 John Thornhaugh, Efq. 
 John Thornton, Efq; of Fenchurch- 
 
 Street, London. 
 Mrs. Thornton. 
 Richard Thornton, Efq; Merchant in 
 
 Hamburgh. 
 Eonnell Thornton, M. A. Student of 
 
 Ch. Ch. Oxon. 
 Mr. Tomfon. 
 Mrs. Tompfon, of Campden in Glou- 
 
 cefterfhire. 
 Mrs. Tomlinfon, of Cheltenham in 
 
 Glouceflerlhire. 
 Thomas Tournay, B. A. of -Lincoln 
 College, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Townfend, of Honington-Hall, 
 
 Warwickfhire. 
 The Rev. Thomas Tounfon, B. D. 
 
 late Fellow of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 Robert Tracy, of Stanway in Glou- 
 
 cefierfhire, Efq. 
 Mrs. Tracy, of Cofcombe in Glou- 
 
 cefterfhire. 
 J'Irs. Tracy, of Sandywell in Glou- 
 
 cefterfhire. 
 Mr. Leonard Troughear, Demy of 
 
 Magdalen College, Oxon. 
 Mr. Clement Tudway, Gentleman- 
 Commoner of Oriel Coll. Oxon. 
 John Turner, M. D- of Falmouth in 
 
 Cornwall. 
 Sir Roger Twifden, Baronet. 
 
 Sir Richard Vyvyan, Bart, of Oriel 
 
 College, Oxon. 
 Robert Vanfittart, L L. B. Fellow of 
 
 All-Soul's College, Oxon. 
 James Viney, Efq; of St. Mary Hall, 
 
 Ox«n. 
 Mr. Philip Vyvyan, Commoner of 
 
 Oriel College, O.xon. 
 
 W. 
 
 Thomas Waldgrave, D. D. Fellow of 
 Magd. College, Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Waldo. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Walker, of Whitchurch. 
 
 Mr. Richard Walker, Demy of Mag- 
 dalen College, Oxon. 
 
 Peter Walthall, Efq; B. A. of Brazen- 
 nofe College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Peter Walthall, Commoner of 
 Brazen-nofe College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. John AdamWalther of Hamburgh. 
 
 John 
 
SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 xvu 
 
 John Warburton, Efq; Somerfet He- 
 rald. 
 
 The Reverend Roger Watkins, M. A. 
 Vice- Principal "of St. Mary Hall, 
 Oxon. 
 
 Mifs Watfon. 
 
 The Rev. George AVatfon, M. A. Fel- 
 low of Univerfity Collcije, Oxon. 
 
 John Ward, L. L. D. R. P. G. and 
 
 ., F. R. S. 
 
 jklis. Mary Warner, of Chcriton in 
 Warvvickfhire. 
 
 Mrs. Waflfield. 
 
 Lewis Way, Efqj 
 
 Air. Philip Rogers Webber, Commoner 
 of Oriel College, Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Welby, of Denton in Lincoln- 
 (hire. 
 
 Mr. John Wefkett, Merchant in Lon- 
 don. 
 
 The Hon. James Weft, Efqj T. R. S. 
 
 Mrs. Weft. 
 
 Mifs Sarah Weft. 
 
 Mifs Henrietta Weft. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Wilcox, Bookfeller in the 
 Stcoiul, London. 
 
 Mrs. Willberforce, King's-arm's-yard, 
 London. 
 
 The Rev. James Williams, B. D. Fel- 
 low of Jefus College, Oxon. 
 
 Tlie Rev. Thomas W^inchcfter, D. D. 
 Fellow of Magd. Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Mrs. Windfor, of Throgmorton-ftreet, 
 London. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Windmill. 
 
 Matthew Wife, Efq; 
 
 The Rev. Francis \Vife, B. D. Keeper 
 of the Ratclift' Library, Oxford. 
 
 Mrs. Ann Wollfrycs, Bartholomew- 
 Clofe, London. 
 
 The Rev. William Wood, M. A. Fel- 
 low of Qiieen's College, Oxon. 
 
 Lady Williams Wynne. 
 
 Mifs Barbara Wyndham, of the Clofe, 
 Salifbury. 
 
 The Rev. Richard Sutton Yate, D. D 
 of Qi^ieen's College, Oxon. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Yate, of Tame in Ox- 
 fordfliirc. 
 
(I) 
 
 JULIANA, 
 
 ANCHORET 
 
 O F 
 
 NORWICH. 
 
 JULIANA diftinguifh'd herfelf by writing a book of 
 revelations, in the reign of king Edward the third. But 
 notwithftanding the peculiarity of the fubjcdl, the credulity 
 of that age, and her remarkable fituation in life j yet, by 
 the negligence of the ecclefiaftics, (who were then almofl: the 
 only men that tranfmitted intelligence of all forts to pofte- 
 rity) we know but very little concerning her : for our moft 
 curious and induftrious biographers ', who had the greateft: 
 and beft opportunities of confulting manufcripts and records 
 belonging to religious houfes, could not trace out any memo- 
 rials relating to this devout lady, more than a hint or two 
 which fhe has given of herfelf in her own writings. 
 
 Her compofitions were by the order, and liberality of the 
 R. F. Jo. Galcoyn, L. Abbot of Lambfpring, ulher'd into 
 
 « Mr. Leland, Bp. Bale, Mr. Pitts, Bp. Tanner. 
 
 B the 
 
2 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 the world with the following title. Sixteen Revelations of 
 Divine Love, J}:)e'wed to a devout fervant of our Lord, called 
 Mother Juliana an Anchorete of Norwich ; who lived in 
 the dayes of king Edward the third. Piiblijh'd by R. F. S. 
 Crejy. 1670. 8vo. Without either printer's name, or 
 place where printed. 
 
 The learned and indefatigable editor in his preface to the 
 reader, gives the following account of the author, and her 
 performance. 
 
 " I was defirous (fays he) to have told theefomewhat of the 
 " happy virgin, the compiler of thele revelations : But after 
 " all the fearch I could make, I could not difcover any thing 
 " touching her, more than what flie occafionally fprinkles in 
 " the book itfelf. The poftfcript acquaints us with her name, 
 ". Juliana: As likewife her profeffion, which was of the 
 " ftridteft fort of folitary livers ; being inclofed all her life 
 " (alone) within four walls : whereby, though all mortals were 
 *' excluded from her dwelling, yet Saints and Angels, and the 
 '' fupreme King of both, could, and did find admittance. 
 " Moreover, in the fame poftfcript we find, that the place in 
 '' a high manner dignified by her abode, and by the accefs of 
 " her heavenly gueft, was the city of Norwich. The time 
 " when fhe lived, and particularly, when thefe celeftial reve- 
 " lations were afforded her, fhe herfelf in the beginning of the 
 " book informs us, was in the year of grace MCCCLXXIII, 
 " that is, about three years before the death of the famous 
 " conqueror King Edward the third : at which time fhe her- 
 " felf was about thirty years of age. And to conclude, in the 
 " laft chapter of the book fhe fignifies, that more than fifteen 
 " years after thefe revelations had been fhew'd her, how for 
 " refolution of a certain doubt of hers touching the meaning 
 " of one of them, our Lord himfelf was pleafed to anfwer her 
 " internally in ghoftly under (landing. 
 
 " As 
 
JULIANA OF NORWICH. 3 
 
 " As for the manner of thefe revelations, it was the fame of 
 which we read innumerable examples, both among an- 
 tient and modern Saints. The objeds of fome of them were 
 reprefented to the imagination, and perhaps alfo to the out- 
 ward fight ; fometimes they were reprefented in fleep, but 
 moft frequently when flie was awake. But thofe which 
 were more pure, in time and withal more certain, were 
 wrought by a divine illapfe into the fpiritual part of the foul, 
 the mind and underftanding, which the devil cannot coun- 
 terfeit, nor the patient comprehend, though withal it ex- 
 cluded all doubt or fufpicion of illufion. 
 " But the principal thing which I defire to recommend to 
 the reader's confideration, is the preceding occafion, and 
 fubfequent effects of thefe divine favours beftowed by Al- 
 mighty God on his humble devout handmaid. 
 " She was far from expedting, or defiring fuch unufual fu- 
 pernatural gifts. Matters flood thus with her : flie thought 
 herfelf too much unmortified in her affection to creatures, 
 and too unfenfible of our Lord's love to her. Therefore to 
 cure the former, (he requefted a ficknefs in extremity, even 
 to death, in her own and others conceit ; a ficknefs full of 
 bitter pain and anguifli, depriving her of all outward refrefli- 
 ments, and of all inward comforts alfoj which might affedt 
 the fenfual portion of the foul. And for a remedy to the 
 latter, fhe begg'd of our Lord, that he would imprint in her 
 foul, by what way he thought beft, a deep and vigorous 
 conception, and refentment of thofe moft violent torments, 
 which he in his infinite love fuffer'd for her on the crofs, to 
 the end flie might be even forced to return to him a fuitable 
 afi^edtion. 
 
 " Yet in making thefe requefts, flie exprefs'd a perfedl re- 
 fignation (as to the manner) to his heavenly will. The 
 only graces that fhe did, and might, and fo may we, defire 
 
 B 2 abfolutely. 
 
4 ^ MEMOIRS OF 
 
 '< abfolutely, without any condition, were a true and fplritual 
 " hatred and contempt of herfelf, and of all worldly, or fen- 
 <' fual contentments ; a perfedl forrow and compund:ion for 
 " fins paft ; and a cordial love, and reverential fear of Al- 
 " mighty God. Thefe were the gifts fhe defired j and as for 
 " the means of procuring thofe graces, ihe propofed the beft 
 " to her feeming : yet fo, as being affured that God knew 
 " what was beft for her, {he left them to his divine pleafure. 
 
 " It was, no doubt, by divine infpiration that (he at firft 
 " made fuch petitions, both for the fubftance and manner, 
 " and therefore God granted them as ftie defired ; yea, in a 
 " manner more extraordinary than (he durft pretend to, as the 
 " reader may obferve. And how wonderful the effedts of 
 " them were, the whole contexture of her difcourfes upon 
 " each revelation will excellently demonftrate." 
 
 Thefe are Mr. CrelTy's thoughts of Juliana and her writings; 
 but this author was a Prieft of her own communion : how 
 far the Divines of the Church of England will correfpond 
 with him in his fentiments, I leave others to determine. 
 
 JULIANA 
 
JULIANA BARNES. 
 
 JULIANA BARNES, 
 
 Jlias B E R N E R S, 
 
 AN Eflex Lady, was very probably born at Roding in that 
 county, it being the Icat where the family refided, a- 
 bout the beginning of the fifteenth century. She was the 
 daughter of Sir James Berners of Berners Roding, and filler to 
 Richard Lord Berners. Her education feems to have been 
 the very beft which that age could aftord, and her attain- 
 ments in literature were fuch, that fhe is celebrated by Bale, 
 Holinflied, and others, for her uncommon learning ; and 
 likewife for her other fine accomplifhmcnts. Thcfc various 
 qualifications render'd her every way capable and deferving 
 of the oflice flie bore, 'viz. Priorefs of Sopewell nunnery, 
 which was a cell to, and very near St. Alban's ; a good part 
 of the fhell of which is ftill (landing. Here fhe lived in great 
 efleem, and flourilhed about the year 1460. She was a very 
 beautiful lady, of great fpirit, and loved mafculine exercifes, as 
 hawking, hunting, C^c. with which fports flie ufcd frequently 
 to recreate herfelf : and fhe was fo well Ikill'd in thofe inno- 
 cent diverfions, that fhe wrote treatifes of hawking, hunting, 
 fifhing, and alfo of heraldry. Which were fo well efteemed 
 that they were printed and publifTied in the very infancy of the 
 art of printing. 
 
 I could never yet fee a perfed: copy of either of the old edi- 
 tions of this book ; but in the notes to Mr. Hearne's preface to 
 Walter Hemingford, pag. 96, 97, 1 find it thus defcribed, " Ju- 
 " lian Barnes her Gentlemam Acadamie of Hawking^ Hunting, 
 
 Filing, 
 
6 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " Fi/Jnng and Artnork. the arms in proper colours, printed at, 
 " and called the book of St. Alban's, becaufe there firft printed. 
 " A pot folio." The firft edition was printed An. 149 1, and 
 afterwards at the fame place i486, in a fmall folio. 
 
 In the Typographical Antiquities, p. 465, I find the begin- 
 ning of the book runs thus. 
 
 " Infomuch that gentill men, and honeft perfones, have 
 " grete delite in haukyng, and defire to have the maner to take 
 " haukys; and alfo how, and in wat wyfe, they fhulde gyde 
 " theym ordinateli ; and how to knaw the gentill termys in 
 " communying of theyr haukys ; and to underftande theyr 
 " fekcnefs and enfirmitees ; and alfo, to knawe medecines for 
 " theym accordyng ; and many notabull termys, that ben ufed 
 " in hawkyng, both of their haukys, and of the fowles, that 
 " their hawkys (hall fley. Therefore thys book folowyng in 
 " a dew forme fhewys veri knawlege of fuch plefure to gentill 
 " men, and parfonys dilpofed to fe itt. 
 
 The fecond book begins, " Here in thys booke folowyng is 
 " determyned, the lynage of coot armuris, and how gentyl- 
 " men fhal be known from ungentilmen, Gfc." — The Colo- 
 phon. " Here in thys boke afore are contenyt, the bokys of 
 " hawkyng and huntyng, with other plefurys dyverfe, as in 
 " the boke apperis J and alfo, of coot armuris, a nobuU werke. 
 " And here now endith the boke of blafyng of armys, tranfla- 
 " tyt and compylyt togedyr at St. Albons, the yere from thyn- 
 " carnacyon of our Lorde Jefu Chrift MCCCCLXXXVI. 
 " printed in various inks." Thus far from that induftrious 
 colledor's extrads ; who is intirely filent in regard to her being 
 the author of the book. But Dr. Middleton in his Diflertation 
 concerning the origin of printing in England, p. 14, feems to 
 give us a defcription of the very fame book ; and fays, that 
 after the firft book of hawking and hunting, &c. is added, 
 explicit Dam Julyans Barnes in her boke of huntyng. Tho' 
 
 her 
 
JULIANA BARNES. 7 
 
 her name as he obferves is fubjoin'd to the firrt: part only, yet 
 the whole is conftantly afcribed to her, and palVcs for her work. 
 
 It ought to be remark'd, that the book of the hlafvig of artus 
 contains only abftra(5ts from Nicholas Upton, who wrote four 
 books De re militari et faSlis illu/lribus, the lalt of which treats, 
 De infignibus Anglorum Nobilium : or of the Anm of the Englijh 
 Nobles. At the end of this Englifli tranllation of thofe abftradts 
 by fuliana Barnes are thefe words, Emprinted at the exempt 
 tnona/iry of St. Albans. Vid. Mr. Lewis's life of Caxton, p. 148. 
 , By the various accounts given of this book by Dr. Middle- 
 ton, Mr. Lewis and Mr. Ames, one might be eafily induced 
 to believe that there were three editions of it printed in one 
 year. And it does not feem improbable when 'tis confidered 
 that in thofe early times of printing, they frequently wrought 
 oft no more than 80 or 100 Copies; which were fometimes 
 begun and ended in one day *. 
 
 In the latter end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth this 
 book had another impreffion given it by G. M. which bears 
 the following title, The Gentleman's Acadamie : or. The Book 
 of St. Alban's: containifig three mo ft exa5l afid excellent Books-, 
 the firjl of hawking, the fecond of all the proper terms of hunt- 
 ing, and the laft of armorie : all compiled by Juliana Barnes, in 
 the year from the incarnation ofChrift i486. And now reduced 
 into a better method by G. M. London, 1595. 
 
 I have confulted Sir Henry Chauncy's Hertfordfliire, Mr. 
 Willis's hiftory of abbies, and every book in which there was 
 any probability of tracing out the time of her death, but with- 
 out the Icaft fuccefs. However if the titles of her book may 
 be depended upon, flie was living in i486, 26 years later than 
 the time mentioned by Bifliop Bale. 
 
 (}) Mr. Caxton tells us at the end of the copies " were begonne in onn daye, and 
 Rtcufle of the Hijiorye of Troye, that all the " alfo finifhed in onn daye." 
 
 MARGERY 
 
MEMOIRS OF 
 
 MARGERY KEMPE. 
 
 THIS perfon, and her writings are Co little known to the 
 learned world, that fhe has efcaped the knowledge even 
 of the indefatigable compiler of the Typographical Antiquities, 
 who feems an intire ftranger to her book, which is now be- 
 come fo extremely fcarce, that I can hear of no more than 
 two copies extant ; one in the library at Norwich ; the other 
 in Trinity College library at Cambridge % which bears the 
 following title. A Jhort tretyfe of cotitemplatiofis taught by our 
 horde Jefu Chryjle ; or taken out of the boke of Margerie Kempe 
 of Lyn. The beginning of which is, Jhe defired many times 
 that her hede. This book contains various fayings of Chrift 
 (as it is pretended) to the holy women who followed him j 
 and is written in the ftyle of our modern quietifts and quak- 
 ers, concerning the internal love of God, perfedlion, &c. 
 
 Printed at London by Wynkin de Word 410. This printed 
 
 book feems to have been an abridgment of a larger work. 
 When fhe died I know not: but imagining (he lived in Edward 
 the fourth's reign ; I have here placed her, in order of time, 
 next to the celebrated Abbefs of Sopewell. 
 
 Weever in his Funeral Monuments in the Diocefe of Nor- 
 wich, p. 752, gives us the following infcription. Orate 
 
 fohannis Kempe qui obijt 3 Julij 1459. et pro animabus Mar- 
 
 garete ac fohanne & Margarete uxorum. It is very poflible 
 
 that one of thefe women, perhaps the latter, might be our 
 author : both the time and place of burial feem to countenance 
 fuch a conjecture. 
 
 • Vid. Bp. Tanner's Bibliptheca, article Kempe. 
 
MARGARET 
 
 COUNTESS of 
 
 RICHMOND and DERBY. 
 
 MARGARET Countefs of Richmcmd and Derby (a lady 
 as great for her perfonal endowments as illuflrious in 
 birth) was born at Bletfhoe in Bedford/hire, 1441 " ; being 
 daughter and heir of John Beaufort Duke of Somerfet, who 
 was grandfon to John of Gaunt Duke of Lancafter, fourth 
 fon of King Edward the third. Her, mother, Margaret Beau- 
 champ, was daughter and heirefs pf the Lord Beauchamp 
 of Powick. 
 
 Who her preceptors were I know not, but her education 
 was, according to tlie cuftom of that age, not very extraor- 
 dinary ; yet I find fhe was a perfedl miftrefs of the French 
 language, and had fome fkill in Latin : but however deficient 
 her education might be, flie had abilities that could furmount 
 all difiiculties. For we are afllired by Bifliop Firtier % who 
 was her ConfefTor, and knew tlie very fecrets of her foul, that 
 fhe pofleft almoft all things that were commendable in a wo- 
 man, either in mind or body. She had a tenacious memory, a 
 quick and piercing wit, and «f fuch fingular fiigacity, that there 
 was not any thing which was too hard for her underftanding. 
 
 All thcfe agreeable qualities added to the vaft inheri- 
 tance fhe was likely to poffcfs, were very powerful temp- 
 
 _ ^ So I find it obferved by Mr. Fulmaii Corpus Chrifti college archives. 
 
 in the 7th vol. of his MS. colle^ons in ' In his fermon preachd ut her funeral. 
 
 C tations 
 
lo MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 tations to thofe of the firft rank to become fuitors for her; 
 infomuch that when fhe was not above nine years old, the 
 Duke of Suffolk ufed his utmoft endeavours to have gain'd 
 and match'd her to his fon and heir. And King Henry the 
 fixth folicited very earneftly for his brother Edmund, then Earl 
 of Richmond. 
 
 As Dr. Fiflier ' a famous roman catholic Bifhop, and the 
 great Sir Francis Bacon ^ a juftly celebrated proteftant writer 
 have both of 'em recorded a particular ftory in relation to this 
 match ; I hope I fhall not incur the imputation of favouring 
 fuperftition, or of being guilty of levity, if I here infert it, as 
 this good lady herfelf often related it to Bifliop Fifher — " That 
 " being doubtful in her mind which offer fhe fhould accept, 
 " ilic advifed with an old gentlewoman (for whom ilie had a 
 " great regard and efteem) who recommended her to St. Ni- 
 " colas, the patron of the virgins, &c. She follows her inftruc- 
 *' tions, and pours forth her fupplications and prayers fo effi- 
 " cacioufly, that one morning, whether fleeping or waking 
 " fhe could not tell, there appeared unto her one in the habit 
 ** of a Bifliop, and defired fhe would accept of Edmund for 
 *' her hufband." Whereupon fhe married Edmund Earl of 
 Richmond : by which means as Bifliop Fiflier obferves, fhe 
 was by birth and marriage allied to thirty Kings and Queens, 
 within the fourth degree either of blood or affinity j befides 
 Earls, Marquiffes, Dukes and Princes. And fince her death, as 
 Mr. Baker remarks, fhe has been allied in her poflerity, to thirty 
 more. By this Earl (who was commonly call'd Edmund of 
 Had ham) flie had an only fon named Henry, who was born at 
 Pembroke Caille, and was afterwards King Henry the feventh : 
 foon after whofe birth the Earl departed this life, leaving 
 
 f Funeral fermon. Edit. 1708, « Life of Hen. VU. Edit. 1622, 
 pag, 8. pag. 297. 
 
 Henry 
 
COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, ©"r. ii 
 
 Henry his fon and heir, but fifteen weeks old ; and was buried 
 in the cathedral of St. David's in Wales, with this infcription ". 
 
 QiiDcr tU& marble Gone fterc indofcu rcflctl) tf)c bones 
 of tbc noble JLorD, €omunD OBarl of EicfjmunD, fatber anD 
 brotbcr to lyings ; tbe Vobicb beparteo out of tbis toorlo in 
 tbcpcar of ouciLovD <SoD, 1456, tbc tljitD Dap of the montb of 
 J^oucmbcr; on tobofc foul 3lmigl)ty :jcfu baucnicrcp. amen. 
 
 After the deceafe of the Earl of Richmond, flie was mar- 
 ried to Sir Henry Stafford, Knight, fecond fon to Humphrey 
 Stafford the great Duke of Buckingham, by whom (he had no 
 iffue. This Sir Henry by his will ' bearing date the fecond of 
 Odlober, 1481. (21 E. iv.) bequeathed his body to he buried 
 in the college of Pleffie in the county of Effex. And gave 
 " an hundred and fixty pounds to buy 1 2 marks-worth of 
 *' livelode by year, to be amortized, for the finding of an honeil 
 " and fitting priefl, to fing for his foul in the laid college of 
 " Plafhe, for evermore. And to his fon in law the Earl of Rich- 
 " mund, a trappur of four new horfe-harnirti of velvet. To his 
 *' brother, John Earl of Wiltfliire, his bay courfcr; and to 
 " Reynold Bray, his receiver-general, his grizeld horfe :" of 
 which teftament he ordain'd Margaret Countefs of Richmond, 
 his wife, his executrix. 
 
 Soon after the death of Sir Hen. Stafford, rtie was married 
 again to Thomas Lord Stanley, who was afterwards created 
 Earl of Derby, the 27th of October, in the fir ft year of her 
 fon's reign ; which fliews his approbation of this match, or 
 her great influence over him. This noble Lord departed this 
 life towards the latter end of the year 1 504. By his teftament ^ 
 
 I* Vid. Dugdale's baronage, vol. 3. * Baronage, vol. 1. p. 167. 
 p. 237. ^ Baionage, vol. 3. p. 249. 
 
 C 2 dated 
 
12 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 dated the 28th of July, Ann. 1504, bearing then the title of 
 Earl of Derby, Lord Stanley, Lord of Man, and great Con- 
 • ftable of England ; he bequeathed his body to be buried in the 
 midft of the chapel, in the north ifle of the church of the 
 priory of Bourfcough, (near Lathom, in the county of Lan- 
 cafter) of his anceftor's foundation, where the bodies of his 
 father, mother, and other of his anceftors lay buried ; having 
 provided a tomb to be there placed, with the perfonage of 
 himfelf, and both his wives, for a perpetual remembrance to 
 be prayed for. 
 
 Having given this fhort relation of her hufbands ; I will now 
 proceed in my account of this great and good Lady. 
 
 Her temper had fuch a natural tendency to religion and 
 piety, as inclined her to every Chriftian duty, which fhe prac- 
 tifed in a moft exemplary manner ; fhe being, as Dr. Fuller 
 juftly obferved, the exad:eft pattern of the beft devotion thofe 
 days afforded. 
 
 The virtues of piety, chaflity, humility, charity, and every 
 grace that could adorn a good chriftian, were confpicuous in 
 her. Her piety was fo great, that fhe would be at her devo- 
 tion foon after five o'clock in the morning : and with the moft 
 ardent zeal went through all the religious offices appointed by 
 the church of Rome ; thefe, and her private devotions, were 
 fo long, and frequent, as occaiioned her bodily indifpofitions. 
 
 Her humility was fuch, that (he would often fay, " on con- 
 " dition that the Princes of Chriftendom would combine them- 
 " felves and march againft the corwmon enemy the Turks, fhe 
 " would moft willingly attend them, and be their laundrefs in 
 " the camp '." 
 
 Bifliop Fiftier enumerates many more inftances of her piety 
 and devotion, but has however omitted one, which is taken 
 
 ' Camden's Remains, p. 271. Edit. 1657. 
 
 ^^ Utr/6^3 - notice 
 
COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, &c. 13 
 
 notice of by Mr. Baker, viz. " That (he was admitted into 
 " the fraternity of five feveral religious houfes, (if not more) 
 " Weftminfter, Crowland, " Durham, Wynbourn, and tlie 
 " Charter-houfe at London," which, according to the notion 
 of that age, as it entitled her to the prayers, fo it gave her a 
 (hare in the merits and good works of all thefe focieties. Nay, 
 fhe was fo great an Afcetick, that flie liad rtiifts and girdles of 
 hair : and if (he was in health Hie never fiiled to wear one or 
 the other certain days in every week ; fo that fhe declared to 
 her Confeffor, that her fkin was often pierced therewith. 
 
 And for her chaflity, Mr. Baker informs us, as it was un- 
 fpotted in her marriage, fo in her laft hufband's days, and long 
 before his death, fhe obtained a licence of him to live chafte, 
 whereupon rtie took upon her the vow of celibacy (not other- 
 wife to be commended, than as an efflux of the purity of her 
 mind) from Bilhop Fifher's hands, in a form yet extant in the 
 Regifters at St. John's college in Cambridge. For this reafon 
 Mr. Baker fuppofes, that her portraiture is ufually taken in the 
 habit of a Nun. 
 
 Her education had tolerably well qualified her for a ftudious 
 way of life. She underftood the French language perfedly, 
 and had fome llcill in the Latin tongue ; but fhe would often 
 lament, that in her youth fhe did not make herfelf a perfed: 
 miftrefs of it. This her affedion for literature no doubt, in- 
 duced her mother-in-law, the Dutchcfs of Buckingham, to 
 give her the following legacy in her lafl: will, " " To her 
 " daughter Richmond a book of Englifh, being a legend of 
 " Saints ; a book of French, called Lucun ; another book of 
 " French, of the Epiflles and Gofpels ; and a Primmer with 
 " clafps of filver gilt, covered with purple velvet." This 
 
 " Extat litera fraternitatis five fororita- Croyland continual, p. 519, C04, &c. 
 tis, dat. ann. 1502. Regr. Dunelm. Hill. " Dugdale's Baronage, vol. i. p. 167. 
 
 was 
 
14 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 was a coniiderable legacy (of its kind) from a Lady at that 
 time, when few of her fex were taught to read, * and when 
 t))e moft excellent art of printing was but juft dawning upon 
 the world. And it is not unlikely that this was that Lady's 
 whole ftock of books. 
 
 She had a fine library, which was well ftored with Latin, 
 French, and Englifh books ; not coUedted for ornament, or to 
 make a figure (as is frequently the cafe) but for ufe ; in order 
 to enrich her mind with a treafure of knowledge. 
 
 She tranflated out of French into Englilh a book intitled in 
 Latin, Speculum aureum peccatorum. Which bears the follow- 
 ing title. The mirroure of golde for the Jmfull foulc. The be- 
 ginning of the preface informs us that " this prefent boke is 
 " called the mirrour of golde to the finful foule, the which 
 " hath ben tranflated at Parice out of Laten into Frenflie, and 
 " after the tranflacion feen and corredted at length of many 
 " clarkis, dodours, and maifters in divinity, and now of late 
 " tranflated out of Frenche into Englisflie by the right ex- 
 " cellent Princeffe Margaret moder to oure foverain Lorde 
 •' Kinge Henry the VIL and CountelTe of Richemond and 
 *' Derby." And concludes with the following words, " And 
 " for to know the order and maner howe to procede in 
 ** this lytell boke. It is to knowe it {hall be divided in vii 
 " chapitours after the feven dayes of the weke. To thentent 
 " that the fynfull foule folyed and defowlyd by fynne maye 
 " in every chapitoure have a new mirrour, wherin he may 
 " beholde and confyder the face of his foule." 
 
 " It has been obferved (by Sir Thomas Shore, the darling miftrefs of King Ed- 
 Mo-re and feveral of our hiftorians) as ward 4. that fhe could write and read. 
 »D extraordinary accompUihment in Jane 
 
 Then 
 
COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, &c. 15 
 
 Then follows " The table. 
 
 " Firfte of the filthenes and miferie of man. 
 
 " The fecounde of fynnes in generalle and of their 
 " effeftis. 
 
 " The thyrde howe they ought haftely with all diligence 
 " to do penaunce. 
 
 " The fourth how they ought to fle the world. 
 
 " The fyfthe of the falfe riches and vayne honoures of 
 " the worlde. 
 
 " The fixt howe they ought to drede deth. 
 
 " The feventh of the joyes of Paradyfe and of the payne« 
 " pf Hell." 
 
 At the beginning of the firfl chapter is a cut of the Prophet 
 Jeremiah. 
 
 At the beginning of the third chapter, is a cut of St. Mat- 
 thew (landing, with a fpear in his right hand, and a book 
 (perhaps to reprefent his goipel) in his left. 
 
 At the beginning of the fourth chapter, is the figure 
 of St. John, an holy lamb, with a crofs as a banner. 
 
 At the beginning of the fixth chapter, is a fort of Portico, 
 in which is death ftriking a man with a dart. 
 
 At the beginning of the feventh chapter is the reprefentation 
 of the Son of God fitting, with his hands in an elevated pof- 
 ture. On his right hand are two Angels, one of which is raifing 
 the dead by the found of a trumpet ; on his left hand are like- 
 wife two Angels, one of which is playing on a violin ; at 
 his feet are four Angels gathering together his eledl people, 
 and carrying them to Heaven in a fheet. At the end of the 
 book, Empryjitcd at Lotidon, in Flctjlrcte^ at the fgne of 
 Saint George, by Richard Pynfori, 4to. without date. But it 
 appears from the preface that it was printed before the death 
 of King Henry the feventh i who died in 1509. This ex- 
 ceeding 
 
i6 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 ceeding fcarce book ^ is printed on vellum, contains 54 leaves; 
 and is decorated with borders running round every page, in 
 imitation of the fine illuminated old MSS. 
 
 She alfo tranflated out of French into Englifh the fourth 
 book of Dr. John Gerfon's treatife of the imitation and follow- 
 ing the bleffed lije of our moft merciful Saviour Chrift. It is 
 printed at the end of Dr. William Atkinfon's Englifh tranfla- 
 tion of the three other books, (which he tells us was done at 
 the efpecial commandment of this full excellent Princefs) and 
 bears the following title, " Here beginethe the forthe boke of 
 " the foUowinge Jefu Chryfte and of the contepnlge of the 
 " world. Imprynted at the comaudement of the mofl excel- 
 " lent Prynces Margarete : moder unto our fovereyne Lorde : 
 " Kinge Henry the 7. Coiites of Richemoiat and Darby. 
 " And by the fame Prynces it was tranflated oute of Frenche 
 " into Englifhc in fourme and maner enfuinge. The yere of 
 *' our Lord God 1504." 
 
 In the 23d year of her fon's reign, by his commandment 
 and authority, flie made the orders (yet extant) for great 
 eftates of Ladies and noble women, for their precedence, at- 
 tires, and wearing of barbes at funerals, over the chin, and 
 under the fame : which noble and good order hath been and 
 is much abufed, by every mean and common woman, to the 
 great wrong and difhonour of perfons of quality ^. 
 
 In Dr. Fuller's church hiflory ' I met with the following 
 title, " Prayers printed by the commandments of the mofl hye 
 
 ' I was favoured with the loan of it, known to the author of the Typographical 
 
 by that great preferver and reftorer of an- Antiquities : and none of 'em to be met 
 
 tiquities, the Hon. James Weft Efq. Bp. with in the Oxford libraries. 
 
 Tanner mentions two more editions of ^ Interments, 1. 3. p. 5Z.. in coll. arm. 
 
 this book. One printed at London by C. Margaret's ftatutes for reformation of 
 
 John Skott, ann. 1522. The other by apparel. Vid. Sandford's Genealogical 
 
 Wink, de Word. 1526, 410. Both thefe hiilory. p. 320. 
 
 tditio.is arc fo fcarce that the former was un- ' Cent. 16. Lib. 7. p. 375. 
 
 " and 
 
COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, fi?r. 17 
 
 ** and virtuous Princeffe our lyege Lady Elizabeth, by the 
 " grace of God Quene of England and of France, and alio the 
 *' right hye and mooft noble Princefle Margarett, mother to 
 *' our foveraign Lord the King, G?f." As I have not (een 
 this book, I am therefore ignorant whether any of the prayers 
 are of her compofing. 
 
 To this Lady we are likewife obliged for JValtere Hyltons 
 Scala perfeBio7Us, engliJJ:ied and printed by command of Mar- 
 garet Countefs of Richmond and Derby in Will. Caxton's horn by 
 Wynkyn de JVorde, Anno Salutis 1584. At the end of the 
 book are thefe verfes. 
 
 " This heavenly boke, more precyous than golde, 
 
 " Was late diredl, wyth great humylytc, 
 " For godly plefur thereon to beholde, 
 
 " Unto the right noble Margaret, as ye fee, 
 " The Kynges moder, of excellent bounte, 
 
 " Herry the feventh, that Ihu hym preferve. 
 " This myghty PryncefTe hath commanded me 
 
 " Temprynt this boke, her grace for to deferve." 
 
 And alfo for An expofition of the feven peiietential PfalmSy 
 compyled by the ryghte reverend fader in God, John FiJJ.^er, D. D. 
 &c. Bifop of Rochefter, at exhortation and jhurying of the 
 mojl excellent Princefe, Margaret e, &c. Imprented, &c. (he 
 feventh of Augu/l, 1 5 1 o. 
 
 She was not only a lover of learning, but a great patronefs 
 of learned men, and did all that lay in her power for the lad- 
 ing advancement of literature in general, and for the propa- 
 gating of religion and piety. Erafmus ' fpeaks great things of 
 her on the account of her munificence in the founding of her 
 
 • Vid. his life wrote by Dr. Knight, p. 138, 
 
 D two 
 
i8 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 two colleges in her life time ; whereas good works are gene- 
 rally left to the management of faithlefs and corrupt executors, 
 and confequently very often prove abortive ; but flie had the 
 pleafure of feeing (under the care of Bifhop Fifher) the foun- 
 dation of her colleges laid, and every thing advancing daily 
 towards her great defign. 
 
 An account of her foundations and donations in this way 
 has been tranfmitted to us by many learned men j but I chufe 
 to abridge the large one which has been given of them by 
 the Rev. Mr. Baker ', becaufe his excellent qualifications, and 
 the fair opportunities he had of examining the original deeds, 
 &c. relating to her foundations, promife the greateft exadlnefs, 
 and indeed ought to be look'd upon as moft authentic. 
 
 " Her firfl: defign (fays this great man) was, of a perpetual 
 " public ledlure in Divinity : This flie inftituted in the tenth 
 *' year of her fon's reign ", on the feaft of the Nativity of the 
 " blefi'ed Virgiui and by the original foundation, appointed 
 " John Fifher, S.T.P. her firft reader" 
 
 " She likewife gave rules and ftatutes for the choice of her 
 " reader, and for the difcharge and performance of the duties 
 *' of his place, and endowed her lecflure with twenty marks 
 " per ann. payable by the Abbot and Convent of Wefliminfter, 
 " which houfe fhe had endowed with revenues, to the value 
 " of 87/. per ann. 
 
 " The fame 'day and year, fhe inftituted the reader at Ox- 
 " ford, with allowance of the fame falary, and almoft under 
 " the fame rules, with that at Cambridge, and nominated and 
 " appointed John Roper, S.T.P. to be her firft reader there." 
 And I muft add to Mr, Baker's account, that flie alfo main- 
 
 ' Preface prefixed to the funeral fermon Derby, Oft. London 1 709. 
 of Margaret Countefs of Richmond and " Cart, fijndat. inter archiva Coll. Jo. 
 
 tained 
 
<c 
 
 t< 
 
 COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, &c. 19 
 
 tained divers poor fcholars in this Uuiveirlity, under the tuition 
 of Maurice Weftbury ". 
 
 " In the twentieth year of the fame reign, Odlober the 30th, 
 fhe founded a perpetual public preacher at Cambridge, with 
 flipend of /^« powuis per ami. payable by the Abbot and 
 Convent of Wellminfter, whofe duty was to preach, at leaft 
 " fix fermons every year, at feveral churches (fpecified in the 
 ** foundation) in the dioceffes of London, Ely, and Lincoln, 
 " and one John Fawn, S. T. B, is appointed her iirft preacher, 
 " by the original foundation." But Mr. Baker obferves in a 
 note at the end of his catalogue of thofe preachers " that the 
 " foundation is now altered by royal difpenfation * ; from fo 
 " many fermons ad populum in the feveral dioceffes, t the 
 " fame number of fermons ad clerum in the Univerfity at the 
 " beginning of Eafter Term ; and fo this excellent Lady ha- 
 " ving taught the ignorant whilft fuch inftrud:ion was wanted, 
 " the world being now wifer, flie inftrudls the learned both 
 " in the pulpit and in the chair. 
 
 " About this time flie undertook the foundation of Chrift's 
 " College, by the advice and perfuafion of Bifliop Fiflier, who, 
 " after the foundrefs, by her iVatutcs was appointed Vilitor for 
 " his life. This foundation has been placed in the year i ^05, 
 " the ftatutes were not given, nor the foundation perfedled, 
 " till the year following." 
 
 Mr. Baker feems to refer his readers to the foundrelfes will 
 for an account of its endowments : but as Dr. Fuller ^ has 
 tranfcribed them from thence, I will here fubjoin them. 
 
 " Great and good (lays he) were the lands, whicli this 
 " lady, by her lali itiH, bcitow'd on this college, in feveral 
 " counties. In Cambridgeshire, the manors of Malton, Mel- 
 
 " Mag. Britannia in OxfordHure, p. "^ Black Book of the Univerfity, p. uS. 
 ~77- * Hillorv of Cambridge, p. 90. 
 
 D 2 drcd. 
 
20 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 " dred, and Beach, with divers lands and tenements elfewherc 
 " in tliat County. In Leicefterfliire, the manor of Ditilworth, 
 " with lands and tenements in Ditilworth, Kegworth, Hathern, 
 " and Wolton. In Norfolk, the Abhey of Creyke, which was 
 " in the King's hands, as difiblv^ed and extindt, fettled by the 
 " Pope's authority, and the King's licence. In EiTex, the 
 " manor of Royden. In Wales, Manibire, an impropriation." 
 Thus far Dr. Fuller, who tells us that it was for one mafter, 
 twelve fellows, forty feven fcholars, in all fixty. 
 
 " Having done thus much (fays Mr. Baker) for the fchools 
 " of learning, fhe had fome reafon to think fhe had done 
 " enough, and therefore her other Charities were intended at 
 " tlie i-eligious houfe at Wefttfiinfter, where her fon had pro- 
 " jedted a fumptuous chapel for his own interment, and where 
 *' fhe herfelf intended to lie. But having communicated her 
 " defign to Bifhop FiJJ:er, for wife Reafons he diverted her 
 " thoughts another way, and put her upon the foundation of 
 " St. John's College." 
 
 But before this good defign could be finifhed it pleafed Al- 
 mighty God to take this pious lady to himfelf, who left the Care 
 of her noble foundation to the management of others, with am- 
 ple poffeffions to the value of four hundred pounds per ann. 
 and upwards (a large fum in thofe days) to complete her defign. 
 
 Thofe who have a defire to know how this generous under- 
 taking was carried on, (which was principally done by the care 
 of Biihop Fiflier) and how thofe good defigns were afterwards 
 obflrucfted by fome rapacious harpies of that age, may confult 
 the abovemention'd authors ; while I proceed in my account 
 of her benefadlions. 
 
 Mr. Stowe * and from him Mr. Weever '' in the very fame 
 words (tho' without the leaft acknowledgment) tell us that fhe 
 
 » Survey of London, p. 525, fol. ^ Antient funeral monuments, p. 498. 
 Lend. 1633. 
 
 founded 
 
COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, &c. zi 
 
 founded an alms-houfe near Weftminfter Abby for poor wo- 
 men. What ftipend flie allow'd them neither of thofe authors 
 inform us : They only obferve that the houfe was afterwards 
 turned into lodgings for the linging men of the college. 
 
 She likewife founded a free fchool at Wymbourn in Dorfet- 
 fliire. 
 
 She lived fometime at Torrington in Devonfliire ; and pity- 
 ing the minifter for his long walk from his parfonage-houfe to 
 the churci), gave him and his fucceflbrs, the manor houfe, 
 and the lands belonging to it lying clofe to the church '. 
 
 I will conclude what I have to fay of her great beneficence 
 with fome Latin verfes wrote as Mr. Baker imagined by a 
 Monk of Weftminfter ; and for the very fame reafon as he 
 did, viz. not fo much for the elegancy of the compofition, as 
 becaufe they contain a very accurate account of her foundati- 
 ons. 
 
 Carmen Phalecium Hendecaflillabum. 
 
 Hie ilia eft fita Margareta Gnato 
 Henrico inclita feptimo, nepote 
 
 {Comitiffa RichmondsE, 
 Comes alta Richmondac, 
 Richmondiana Reiflrix. 
 Cenfum contulit annuum duobus 
 Qui dodli fophiam facram explicarent 
 lUe Oxonibus, ille Cantabrigis : 
 His Collegia bina ftruxit, ambo 
 Qus '' centum foveant decemque alumnos. 
 Dodlorcm inftituit rudi popello, 
 Qui Chriftum fine fine buccinetur. 
 
 ' Mag. Brit, in Devon, p. 489. ■■ Sixty at Chrift's College, and fifty at 
 
 St. John's. 
 
 Roynborni 
 
22 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 Roynborni aere fuo, novam tenellae 
 Pubi grammatices fcholam paravit. 
 Demum ' hie ties monachos alit benigna. 
 His ac talibus ilia viva fad;is, 
 Fortunam fuperavit eminentem. 
 
 Her life was checker'd with a variety of good and bad for- 
 tune, but the greatnefs of her foul, feems to have placed her 
 above the reach of either, her temper being fuch, that flie was 
 never much elated with profperity, nor deprefs'd with adver- 
 lity. That which fhe feem'd to be mod affefted with, was 
 what regarded her only fon, for whom (he had the mofl: ten- 
 der affedlion. To pais over the hardihips fhe underwent on 
 his account, fhe faw him from an exile, by a wonderful turn 
 of fortune, advanced to the crown of England, which yet he 
 could not keep but with many ftruggles and difficulties : and 
 when he had reigned twenty three years, and lived fifty two, 
 fhe faw him (happily) releafed by death from the many infir- 
 mities which generally attend old age. Whether this might 
 prove a fhock too great for her, I know not j but this is cer- 
 tain, that fhe furvived him but three months, and dying at 
 Weflminfler on the twenty ninth day of June 1509, aged 69; 
 was buried the July following, (as appears by a note annex'd 
 to her will) in King Henry the feventh's chapel. On the 
 fouth fide, behind the fhalls of the quire, towards the eafl, 
 is eredled a beautiful monument of black marble (touchflone 
 fays Dr. Fuller) of moft curious workmanfliip, being adorn'd 
 with gilded brafs, arms, and an epitaph round the verge, drawn 
 up by Erafmus at the requefl of Bifhop Fiflier for which he 
 had twenty fhillings given him by the univerfity of Cambridge. 
 Upon this altar tomb (which is inclos'd with a grate) is placed 
 
 = At Weftminfter. 
 
 the 
 
COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, &c. 23 
 
 the ftatue of Margaret Countefs of Richmond and Derby, in 
 her robes, all of folid brafs, with two pillars on each fide of 
 her, and the following infcription in capital letters. 
 
 MARGARETAE. RICHEMONDIAE. SEPTIMI. 
 HENRICI. MATRI. OCTAVI. AVIAE. QVAE. STI- 
 PENDIA. CONSTITVIT. TRIB. HOC. COENOBIO. 
 MONACHIS. ET DOCTORI. GRAMMATICES. APUD 
 WYMBORN. PERQ^ ANGLIAM. TOTAM. DI- 
 VINI. A^ERBI. PRAECONI. DVOB. ITEM. INTER- 
 PRAETIB: LITTERAR: SACRAR: ALTER I. OXO- 
 NIIS. ALTERI. CANTABRIGIAE. VBI. ET. COL- 
 LEGIA. DVO. CHRISTO. ET. lOANNI. DISCIPV- 
 LO. EIVS. STRVXIT. MORITVR. AN. DOMINL 
 M.D.IX. KAL. IVLIL 
 
 The fame in Englifli, 
 
 'To Margaret of Richn20?id, the mother of Henry VII. and 
 grandmother of He fir y VIII; ivho founded falaries for three 
 Monks in this Convent, for a grammar-fchool at Wsmborii, and 
 a preacher of God's word throughout England ; as alfo for two 
 divinity-leSlurers, one at Oxford, the other at Cambridge ; in 
 which laft place fl^e Ukewife built two Colleges, in honour of 
 Chrijl and his Difciple St. fohn. She died in the year of our 
 Lord, 1509. June 2()th ^ 
 
 Mr. John Skelton the famous poet laureat employed his pen 
 in drawing up an elegy upon this occalion, when he took 
 fanftuary in Weftminfter Abby, in order to fecure himfelf 
 from the angry refentment of Nyx Bifliop of Norwich, and 
 
 *■ Weever faith the 1 2th of July, which be the day of her burial. 
 IS certainly a niiilake : perhaps that might 
 
 the 
 
24 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 the dangerous difpleafure of Cardinal Wolfey ; whom he had 
 greatly offended by his fatyrical writings. But the perform- 
 ance does by no means come up to the great character given 
 of his learning by Erafmus, who in an epiftle to K. Henry 8. 
 rtiles him Britannicarutii Literarum lumen & decus. Perhaps 
 the meannefs, and even faultinefs of it, might be owing to the 
 misfortunes he then laboured under, which it is natural to 
 fuppofe muft fink, and deprefs his fpirits. The elegy is upon 
 a tablet near to the monument, and is as follows, 
 
 E L E G I A. 
 
 In fereniffimae principis 6c Domini, Domini Margareta 
 nuper comitiffima; de Derby, ftrenuiffimi Regis Hetirici vii, 
 Matris, funebre minifterium ; per Meltonida laureatum orato- 
 rem Regium, i6 die menfis Augiijli, Anno falutis 1516. 
 
 Afpirate meis elegis pia turma fororum, 
 
 Et Margaretam coUacrymate piam. 
 Hac fub mole latet Regis celeberrima Mater 
 
 Henrici magni, quam locus ifte fovet. 
 Quem locus ifte facer celebri celebrat Polyandro 
 
 Illius, en ! genetrix hac tumulatur humo. 
 Cui cedat Tariaqicil, (Titus hanc fuper aftra reportet.) 
 
 Cedat Penelope carus Uly/Jis amor. 
 Haec Abigail vel ut Hejler erat pictate fecunda. 
 
 En tres jam proceres nobilitate pares. 
 Pro domina precor implora, pro principe tanta 
 
 Fledle deum precibus, qui legis hos Apices. 
 Plura referre piget, calamus torpore rigefcit, 
 
 Dormit Mcecenas., negligitur probitas : 
 
 Nee 
 
COUNTESS OP RICHMOND, &c. 25 
 
 Nee juvat, aut modicum prodeft nunc ultima verfu 
 
 Fata recenfere (mortua, mors, reor, eft) 
 Quaeris quid decus eft ? Decus eft modo dicier hlrcus 
 
 Cedit honos hirco, cedit honorque capro. 
 Falleris, ipfe Charon, iterum furrexit Abyroiiy 
 
 Et Stygios Remos, defpicit ille tuos, 
 Vivitur ex vote, mentis prjccordia tangunt 
 
 Nulla Sepulchra ducum, nee monumenta patrum. 
 Non regum, non ulla hominum labantia fato 
 
 Tempora, nee totiens mortua turba ruens, 
 Hinc ftatuo eerte periturae parcere cliartic, 
 
 Seu yuvenalis ovet eximius Satyrus. 
 
 Diftiehon cxecrationis in fagoliodoros. 
 
 Qui lacerat, violatve, rapit, prefens epitoma 
 Hunc laceretque voret, Cerberus abfque mora. 
 
 Hanc tecum ftatuas, dominam, precor, O fator orbis, 
 Qui regnas rutilans Rex fine fine manens. 
 
 CALON AGATON CVM ARETA RE IN PA. 
 
 Thefe words feem to be a mixture of Greek and Latin thus, 
 
 KAAOlsT AFAGON STN APETA REQJJIESCAT 
 • IN PACE. Or perhaps RE IN PArva. 
 
 An ELEGY. 
 
 Upon the funeral of the moft ferene Princefs and Lady, the 
 Lady Margaret, late Countefs of Derby, mother to the moft 
 puiflant King Henry the feventh : By Skelton, the Kings 
 
 E poet 
 
26 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 poet laureat, the fixteenth day of Auguft, in the year of our 
 Icilvation 1516. 
 
 Infpire my elegy, ye facred nine, 
 For pious Marg'ret mix your tears with mine. 
 Within this pile a King's fam'd mother lies ; 
 Henry, who in yon ftately edifice 
 In fplendor lives with many a noble Peer, 
 'Tis his grand parent lies inhumed here. 
 Queen Tanaquil's exalted mind and birth, 
 (Whom Livy's pen extoUs 'bove all on earth) 
 Fall fliort ol Marg'rets; ev'n Penelope 
 Was lefs renown'd for chaftity, than fhe : 
 Prudent as Abigail, King David's wife ; 
 As Hefter bold, in hazarding her life 
 To plead her people's caufe ; refembling three 
 The noblefl: Princeffes in hiftory. 
 
 Reader, I pray, whoe'er thou art, thy tears 
 For fuch a Princefs offer, and thy pray'rs. 
 Grief forbids more ; — To write I liftlefs try, •^ 
 
 Since our great benefadrefs here doth lie, C 
 
 And all regard is lofl for probity. j 
 
 For now to fing of death it fcarce avails ; 
 Ev'n death itfelf to ftartle finners fails, 
 D'you afk, what modern honour means ? 'Tis this, 
 Inftead of virtue, 'tis lafcivioufnefs. 
 The virtuous die, it's true, but they fhall rife 
 Again to praife, and Charon's pow'r defpife. 
 Men now live, as they lift ; nothing can dart, 
 Or make the leaft impreffion on their heart j 
 No fepulchres of Dukes, no monuments 
 Of Kings or Senators, no precedents 
 
 Of 
 
COUNTESS OF RICHMOND, &c. 27 
 
 Of paft or frequent funerals, have the pow'r 
 T'affright the prefent age from finning more. 
 To write what none will e'er regard 'tis vain. 
 As Juvenal avers ; fo I'll refrain. 
 
 The execrating diflich, &c. 
 
 He that defaces, fpoils, or takes away 1 
 
 This fcript, may Satan fnatch him as his prey > 
 
 Forthwith, and on him all liis rage difplay. J 
 
 Thou great illuftrious ruler of the flcy. 
 Who mad'fl the world and reign'ft eternally; 
 Gracious admit this Princefs to thy throne, 
 Renown'd for fev'ral virtues, like thy own. 
 
 E 2 QUEEN 
 
28 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Q^ U E E N 
 
 CATHERINE, 
 
 WI F E of King Henry the eighth, commonly called 
 Catherine of Spain, to diftinguifh her from his other 
 Queens of that name, was the youngeft of the four learned 
 daughters * of Ferdinand of Aragon, fixth King of Spain, and 
 of Ifabella Queen of Caflile, who took fuch proper and com- 
 mendable care of her education, that fhe became, as one of 
 the beft Judges of literature *■ of that, or any age obferves, not 
 only the moil: pious, but mofl: learned woman of the time j 
 for which likewife fhe has been frequently celebrated by Lu- 
 dovicus Vives. 
 
 In the eighteenth year of her age, and on the fourteenth 
 day of November, 1 50 1, fhe was married to Arthur Prince of 
 Wales, eldeft fon of King Henry the feventh, with whom fhe 
 lived four months and nineteen days. Prince Arthur dying 
 April 2d, 1 502, fhe was foon after contra<fled to Henry Prince 
 of Wales, afterward King Henry the eighth, younger brother 
 to Prince Arthur, not then twelve years of age '. " The fe- 
 '• cret providence of God (faith the famous Lord Verulam) 
 
 t Joanna (one of her fillers) was mar- a progrefs thro' the feveral towns and cities 
 
 ried to Philip Arch-duke of Auftria, Duke of her dominions. 
 
 nf Burgundy, &c. and by his wife King of >• Erafmus in Epill. Vergarae. & P. 
 
 S^iain. She anfwered extempore in Latin, ' Eombatio. 
 
 the orations made to her in that tengue in ' Bacon's life of Henry VII. p. 207. 
 
 " ordaining 
 
QJJEEN CATHERINE. 29 
 
 *' ordaining that marriage, to be the occafion of great events 
 " and changes." Notwithftanding this contrad, the Prince 
 at fourteen years of age made a public proteftation againft it '' : 
 yet, being overcome by the advice of his council, he was mar- 
 ried to her June 3d, immediately after he began his reign, and 
 they were both crowned by Dr. Warham, Archbifliop of 
 Canterbury, June the 25th, 1509. 
 
 The agreeablenefs ' of her perfon, fweet difpofition, and 
 many other excellent qualifications kept her almofl: twenty 
 years in the King's good graces : a moil: convincing proof of 
 her admirable accomplifliments, and great fkill in making them 
 appear to the beft advantage ; fince upon the ftridtefl: fcrutiny 
 there will be found but very few, who did not in half that 
 time, not only lofe his afFe»flion, but felt the fatal effects of 
 his fury. 
 
 She was not only learned herfelf, but was a patronefs 
 of learned men, particularly the celebrated Ludovicus Vives, 
 and the great Erafmus : The former of whom flic employed 
 to draw up fome familiar inftrudtions to diredt her daughter 
 (the Princefs Mary) in the fludy of the Latin tongue ; whicli 
 he did accordingly, explaining and fupplying in many places 
 the obfcurities and omiflions of former Grammarians. This 
 efTay is dedicated to the Queen by an epiftle dated from Ox- 
 ford, Non. 0(5l. J523, as written by her command, and bears 
 the following title, De Ratione Studii Fiicrilis ■". He alfo, 
 
 * A copy of this proteftation is pub- amiable—, what authority they had for 
 
 /ifhed in Speed's Chron. p. 764. Ed. this, I i<now not. But IV3r. Speed a Lon- 
 
 i6m. doner, and one who lived many years 
 
 ' Dr. Hcylin, in his Hillory of the Re- nearer her time than either of the Doiilors j 
 
 formation, part ::. p. 82, and Dr. Fuller and might poffibly have had fcveral De- 
 
 in his Church Hillory, book 5. p. 206, fcriptions of her from thofc who knew her, 
 
 tell us that nature h-id not been over ftiles her King Henr)'"s beauteous Queen, 
 
 bountifid to her perfon, by which they in- ^ Vid. Wood's Athenx 0.\Qmcnfcs, 
 
 finuatc to their readers that it was not very vol, i . col. 64. Ed. 1 p'z i . 
 
 the 
 

 \ <'?n 
 
 30 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 the fame year dedicated to this learned Princefs his book enti- 
 tuled De hi/iitutione Femitia Chri/iiance, lib. 3. Tlie Queen 
 being truly fenfible of thofe favours (perhaps in return) to add 
 grace and honour to him, was fo extreamly condefcending as 
 to be one of his auditors, when he read the Cardinal's ledlure 
 of Humanity, in the Hall at Chrifl Church College, which 
 he had juft then founded : And conflituted him tutor for the 
 Latin tongue, to the young Lady Mary her daughter. 
 
 Voffius in his treatife De Philologia " and feveral other fo- 
 reign authors affure us that fhe wrote Meditations upon the 
 PJalms. Alfo, a book of The Lame?itation oj a Sinner. This 
 feems to be a miflake j fince it is very certain that Q^Kathe- 
 rine Parr wrote two books bearing the very fame titles, as may 
 be obferved in the account of her. But there are two letters 
 from this Queen to K. Henry, printed in Bp. Burnet's hiftory 
 of the reformation ; and in Livy's Ufe of Henry 5th. One is 
 to the King (then in France) about the vidlory over the Scots 
 an. 1 513. The other to defire his Majefty to permit her to 
 fee her daughter the Lady Mary. 
 
 The concife method propofed in drawing up of thefe Me- 
 moirs, will not permit me to enter upon the long and tedious 
 affair of her divorce : the judgments and determinations of 
 foreign Univerfities upon it : and the final decifion of it here at 
 home : which will be the more eafily excufed, as it has been 
 amply handled by a confiderable number of our hiftorians. 
 
 n " Anno 1533 Catherina, AnglisRe- 
 gina, matertera Caroli V. Imperatoris, 
 dimilTa eft ab marito Henrico VIII. Ac 
 tricnnio poll obiit. Ha:c reliquit Mv/i- 
 tatioiics in Pfalmos : item librum n't" /«- 
 mentatione fcccatoris : ut eft apud Ifen- 
 grinium. Vid. de natura artium, Sive 
 de Philologia, p. 36. Printed in the 
 third vol. of his works. Amfterdam, 
 1697." But Ifengrein aflerts the contra- 
 
 ry : his words are, " CATHERINA 
 " Anglorum Regina, Henrici VIII. uxor 
 " primum, deinde D. Thomse Seymour 
 " avunculi Regis Edvardi fe.xti, omnium 
 " bonarum artium peritiffima, adeo pro- 
 " fecit in facris Uteris, ut & Meditatmmm 
 " in Pfalmos librum, & De lamentatiane 
 " feccatarii volumen confcriberet." See 
 Eifengrein's Catalogus Tcjiium 'veritatis, 
 iSfc. p. 201. Delinga-, 1565. 4t0." 
 
 Yet 
 
Q^U EEN CATHERINE. 31 
 
 Yet I cannot forbear tranfcribing her fliort but comprehenfive 
 fpeech to Cardinal Wolfey (who had been very bul'y in thofe 
 affiiirs, alfuming to himfclf as great at leafl: if not a greater 
 fliare in this, than in any other tranfiidtions of that turbu- 
 lent reign) when he urged her fubmillion to tlie King's plea- 
 fure : which fpeech was in the following words °. " Of thefe 
 " my miferies I can accufe none but you my Lord of York: 
 " becaufe I could not away with your monftrous pride, ex- 
 " cefTive riot, whoredom, and intolerable opprefllon, therefore 
 " do I now fuffer. And becaufe my Nephew the Emperor 
 " did not fatisfy your infatiable ambition to advance you to 
 " the Papacy, you threatened to be revenged on him and liis 
 " friends. And you have perform'd your promifc : you have 
 " been the plotter of the wars againll him, and raifed this 
 " doubt againfl me." 
 
 The affair of the divorce being determined againfl: her, Hie 
 retired to Kimbolton caftle in Huntingdondiirc ; where flieled 
 a life of conftant devotion and remarkable aufterity. Her hu- 
 mility was fuch, that flie never offered up her devotions (faith 
 Dr. Fuller) but on her bare knees. The whole courfe and 
 manner of her devotions are thus defcribed byCauflin in the 
 third tome of his Holy Court, p. 92. — " This Queen (fays 
 " he) only attended the affairs of heaven, and had already fo 
 " little in her of earth, that fhe fliewed in all .her deportments, 
 " to be made for another manner of crown than that of Great- 
 " Britain. She for the moft part fliut up herfelf in monafteries 
 " of virgins, and rofe at midnight to be prefent at mattins, 
 " She was cloathed from five of the clock, not decked like 
 *' a Queen, but contented with a fimple habit, faying the bell: 
 " time fhould be allowed to the foul, fince it is the better part 
 " of our felves. When flie had the poor habit of Saint Francis 
 
 • Dr. Knights life of Erafmus. p, 254. 
 
 " undes 
 
32 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " under her garments, which (he commonly ware, flie reput- 
 *« ed herfelf brave enough. The Frydays and Saturdays were 
 " ever dedicated by her to abftinence, but the eves of our 
 " Lady's feafts (he fafted with bread and water : fhe failed 
 " not to confefs on Wednefdays and Frydays, and in a Time 
 " when communions were very feldom fhe had recourfe there- 
 " unto every Sunday. In the forenoon (lie continued fix 
 " hours in prayer ; after dinner fhe read two whole hours the 
 " lives of faints, and fpecdily returned to church from whence 
 *' (he departed not till night drave her thence — ." 
 
 Erafmus ' had conceived an high opinion of this excellent 
 Princefs, whom he calls the befl of women ; dedicating to 
 her his book of Chrijiian Matrimony, as befl fuiting both her 
 piety and circumftances ; fhe having fo well behaved herfelf 
 in that ftate, till divorced by the King her hufband j knowing 
 then how unjuftly and barbaroufly fhe was ufed in that affair j 
 he writes a confolatory epiflle to her in a mofl chriflian ftyle, 
 to fupport her under this affliction, and by fome expreflions in 
 it feems to hint at what was then in agitation relating to that 
 affair, putting hei; in mind of a marriage which is indiflbluble, 
 and that the afflidlions fhe might meet with in this world, 
 would have a happy iffue as to her better part j that as flie had 
 caft anchor on him who could never fail her, even in the 
 greatefl extremity, fo he would not have her much concerned 
 at any thing that had happen'd or could happen to her. The 
 whole epiftle is excellently adapted to her cafe and circum- 
 ftances. 
 
 Bp. Burnet and Mr. Strype obferve, that flie was much dif- 
 quieted in her recefs becaufe fhe would not lay down her title 
 of Queen. Many of her fervants were put from her on that 
 account 3 but fhe would accept of no fervice, from any that 
 
 f Vid. Life of Erafmus. p. 252. 
 
 did 
 
QJJEEN CATHERINE. 33 
 
 did not ufe her as a Queen, and call her fo. The King fent 
 to her frequently, to perfvvade her to more compliance : But 
 fhe ftood her ground, and faid, fince the Pope had judged 
 her marriage good, flie would lofe her life before flie did any 
 thing in prejudice of it. Slie had the jointure that was afligned 
 her, as Princefs Dowager ; and was treated with the refpedl 
 due to tliat dignity, but all the women about her flill called her 
 Queen. 
 
 Her conftitution being confumptive, her fpirits funk and 
 deprefs'd by afflidtions ; and the fituation flie was in being 
 neither healthy nor commodious, fhe defired leave to come 
 nearer London ; but the King would not grant her requeft ; he 
 chofe rather to remove her to Fotheringay caftle, where pre- 
 paration was made for her reception : But when it was propo- 
 sed to her, flie plainly faid, flie would never go thither, unlefs 
 flie was carried as a prifoner, bound with ropes. 
 
 After three years continuance at Bugden and Kimbolton, 
 flie fell dangeroufly ill the latter end of December 1 535. The 
 King being informed thereof, inftantly fent Eufl:achius Caputius, 
 L.L.D. ', her nephew the Emperor's embaffidor, to pay her a 
 vifit, with his compliments, who very readily obey'd his Ma- 
 jefly's commands, and gave her the beft confolation he could. 
 
 About fix days after being very weak, and finding the time 
 of her difTolution drawing on apace, flie ordered one of her 
 Gentlewomen (faith Holinflied) to write a letter to the King, 
 which flie herfclf didlated. The Letter as preferved by 
 Cauflin, ' is as follows. 
 
 " My King and dcareft fpoufe, infomuch as already the 
 *' hour of my death approacheth, the love and affection I bear 
 *' you caufeth me to conjure you to have a care of the eternal 
 
 "i Vid. Holinflied's Chronicle, Vol. 2. this letter in his Hiftory of the Reforma- 
 p. 1564. tion, parts, p. 9. which differs in fonie 
 
 ' Dr. Heylin has given us a copy of circumftanccs from this. 
 
 F " falvation 
 
3+ MEMOIRSOF 
 
 ** falvatlon of your foul, which you ought to prefer before 
 " mortal things, or all worldly bleffings. It is for this im- 
 " mortal fpirit you muft negledl the care of your body, for 
 " the love of which you have thrown me headlong into many 
 " calamities, and your own felf into infinite difturbances. But 
 *' I forgive you with all my heart, humbly befeeching Al- 
 *• mighty God, he will in Heaven confirm the pardon I on 
 " earth give you. I recommend unto you our moft dear Mary, 
 ** your daughter and mine, praying you to be a better father 
 •' to her, than you have been a hufband to me. Remember 
 *' alfo the three poor maids, companions of my retirement, as 
 *• likewife all the reft of my fervants, giving them a whole 
 " years wages befides what is due, that fo they may be a little 
 " recompenced for the good fervice they have done me, pro- 
 *' tefting unto you in the conclufion of this my letter and life, 
 *' that my eyes love you, and defire to fee you, more than 
 " any thing mortal." 
 
 The reading of this letter drew tears from the King, which 
 »o doubt were increafed by the news of her death, which 
 happened a few days after at Kimbolton on the 8th day of 
 January, 1535-6, aged 52. 
 
 In the time of her ficknefs flie made her will ' ; and ap- 
 pointed her body to be buried in a Convent of Obfervant Fryars, 
 who had done, and fuffered much for her : and ordered five 
 hundred mafles to be faid for her foul ; and that one ihould go 
 a pilgrimage to our Lady of Walfingham, and give twenty 
 nobles ' by the way to the poor. She gave confiderable lega- 
 cies to the chief of her fervants ; and defired the King to caufe 
 ornaments for the Church to be made of her gowns to ferve 
 
 • See it printed in the appendix to the bles : but by what authority I know not. 
 
 J ft Vol. of Mr. Stiype's Memorials Eccle- See his Hiftory of th? Refonnation, Vol. I. 
 
 fiaftical, pages 169, 170. p. igz. 
 
 ' Bifliop Uurnet fays two hundred no- 
 
QJJEEN CATHERINE. 35 
 
 the Convent where fhe fliould be buried. The King was fo 
 obfequious in obferving and fulfilling the requeft in her letter, 
 that he ordered the greatefl part of her goods, amounting to 
 five thoufand marks, to be expended on her funeral, (as Dr. 
 Heylin remarks ") and in the recompencing fuch of her fer- 
 vants as had befl deferved it. But he would not permit her 
 remains to be buried as fhe defired, perhaps more to fhew his 
 refentment to that religious order, who had been fuch hearty 
 advocates for the Queen in the affair of her divorce, than in 
 oppofition to her will. However, the King ordered that fhe 
 fhould be interred in the Abbey Church at Peterburgh with 
 the folemnity due to her high birth : And fhe was buried there 
 betwixt two pillars on the north-fide the choir, near to the 
 great altar : Her hearfe was covered with a black velvet pall, 
 crofTed with white cloth of filver, which was afterwards 
 changed for one of black Say ; but all was fwept clean away 
 in the time of the grand rebellion, anno 1 643 ". A noble pen 
 tells us ', that in intuition to her corps. King Henry not only 
 fpared the Abbey Church, at the general difi[blution of reli- 
 gious houfes, but alfo advanced it to the dignity of a Ca- 
 thedral. 
 
 • Hiftory of the Reformation, part II, dral Church of Peterburgh, p. 57. 
 
 page 9. * Lord Herbert's Hiftory ot the Life 
 
 * See Gunton's Hiftory of the Cathe- and Reign of King Henry VIII. p. 433. 
 
 F 2 ELIZABETH 
 
3;6 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 ELIZABETH LUCAR, 
 
 THE daughter of Mr. Paul Withypoll, was born in 
 London in the year 1 5 1 o. She had a very polite and 
 liberal education given her by her father ; and having an excel- 
 lent natural genius, flie became exquifitely fkilful in all kinds 
 of needle-work ; was a curious calligrapher ; very knowing in 
 arithmetic ; an adept in feveral forts of mufick ; and likewife 
 a complete miftrefs of the Latin, Italian, and Spanifli tongues : 
 all which attainmfents were acquired at the age of twenty-fix. 
 
 I can fay nothing more concerning her than what her monu- 
 mental infcription informs me ; which tho' a rude compofition 
 I will here exhibit, as it was engraved on a plate of brafs in 
 the fouth ifle of the parifh Church of St. Michael in Crooked- 
 lane London " j being unwilling to omit any thing that may 
 preferve the memory of fo ingenious a perfon. 
 
 Cticrp Cf)tiflian fieatt (zckttf) to crtoH 
 Cf)e 01orp of tlje JLorti, our onel^ IRcticcmer: 
 ZB\}Zxt(otz Dame JFamc mutt neens inroU 
 Paul ^itf)ppoll W CTbiloc, bp lotie anD j^ature, 
 OEii^aftctD, tbe anifc of €mauucl JLucar, 
 3in tobom teas DcclarcD the ffootmcfg of tfjc ILorli, 
 mitli manp ijig!) tjertucs, tol)ici) truclg 31 ^i\l recorD* 
 
 %>U VnxomU aU 5l3ectJlc=toorfes tfjat momtn ercrcife, 
 miti) Pen, JFtame, or ^toole, all Pifture0 artificiaU 
 Curious Enots, or Craileg, to&at fancg coulD DetJife, 
 
 y See Stow's Survey of London, pages 239, 240. Edit. inFoI. 1633. 
 
 OiJeafi^, 
 
ELIZABETH LUCAR. 37 
 
 IBeaftfil, IBicDS, or jFlotocrg, eucn as tl)inffg natural : 
 Cfjrcc manner banD0 coulQ lljc turitc tljcm faire all. 
 Co fpcafee of aigorifm, or accounts in cticry fafljion, 
 ffl)rtoomen, feto me r31 tftiuK) in all tbis JT3ation. 
 
 Dame cunning bcr gatic a gift rigtjf crcellent, 
 
 CDe goooii? praftice of ber Science s^ufical, 
 
 3In tiiticrjai tongues to fing, ann plap toitb :|nflrument, 
 
 oaotb Oial ann Lute, anD alfo Oirginall; 
 
 Jl3ot onlg upon one, but crccllcnt in all. 
 
 JFor all otlbcr tjcrtues Uelonging to Mature 
 
 ©oD bcr appointeo a uerg pcrfeft creature, 
 
 Latine ano Sipanillj, anD alfo Italian, 
 
 ^befpa&e, torit, anDrcaD, toitlj perfcft utterance ; 
 
 9nD for tbc Cnglill), Oje t[)c (SarlanD toan, 
 
 3In Dame ipruucnce ^cf)oolc, b^ ©races purticpancc, 
 
 eH3f)icfj cloatbcD fjer toitfj tiirtucs, from nafeeo 31gnorance: 
 
 Ecaning tbe Scriptures, to iuDgc ligbt from Darfee, 
 
 Dircfting ber jTaitf) to Cfjria, tbc onlp fi^ar&e. 
 
 ^U faiD aEli?al)ctb neceafeD tf)c 2 9tf) nap of fiDftober, 
 9n. Dom. 1537, of geeres not fullg 27. Cbis Stone anD all 
 hereon containcD, maBc at tbe coll of tbc faiD (JBmanuel, 
 fi©crcDant=Caplor, 
 
 MARGARET 
 
38 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 MARGARET ROPER. 
 
 THIS learned, ingenious and virtuous Lady was born in 
 London (perhaps in Buckler 's-bury, where her father 
 refided) about the year 15085 and was the eldeft daughter of 
 the famous Sir Thomas More, Lord High-Chancellor of Eng- 
 fand, and of Jane his wife ; who was one of the polite and 
 amiable daughters of Mr. John Colte of Newhall in Effex. 
 
 Few perfons knew the value of learning better than Sir 
 Thomas : He poflefled a large fhare of it himfelf ; and like a 
 wife Philofopher preferred knowledge to all other riches. Nei- 
 ther was he of that illiberal, narrow-fould way of thinking to 
 make learning the property of men alone, rightly judging that 
 if the refledlions commonly made on the want of capacity in 
 women were really true, they might rather afford an additional 
 argument for their having all the improvement of education of 
 which they are capable : for befides the mere ornament of 
 letters, fmce none can pofTibly perform their duty without un- 
 derftanding it ; 'tis reafonable to expeft that thofe will perform 
 it in the beft manner, whofe improved underftandings give 
 them a clearer knowledge of it. It muft be confefled that 
 many valuable excellences are found unattended with literary 
 improvement, but then they are feldomer found ; and when 
 they are, can never be exerted with the fame advantage. 
 
 But perhaps, Sir Thomas's own fentiments on this affair 
 may not be unacceptable to the reader, who in an elegant La- 
 tin poem advifes his friend in the choice of a wife to overlook 
 wealth and beauty, and if he defires a happy life, to join himfelf 
 with a woman of virtue and knowledge. His words on this 
 
 laft 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 39 
 
 laft head are as follow ". " May you meet with a wife who 
 *' is not always ftupidly filent, nor always prattling nonfence ! 
 *' May fhe be learned, if poffible, or at leaft capable of being 
 " made fo ! A woman thus accomplifhed will be always draw- 
 ** ing fentences and maxims of virtue out of the beft authors 
 *' of antiquity. She will be herfelf in all changes of fortune, 
 •* neither blown up in profperity, nor broken with adverfi ty. 
 ** You will find in her an even, chearful, good-humoured 
 *' friend, and an agreeable companion for life. She will in- 
 *' fufe knowledge into your children with their milk, and 
 ** from their infancy train them up to wifdom. Whatever 
 " company you are engaged in you will long to be at home, 
 " and retire with delight from the fociety of men, into the 
 ** bofom of one who is fo dear, fo knowing and fo amiable. 
 ** If fhe touches her lute, or fmgs to it any of her own com- 
 " pofitions, her voice will footh you in your folitudes, and 
 *' found more fweetly in your ear than that of the Nightingale. 
 *' You will fpend with pleafure whole days and nights in her 
 •' converfation, and be ever finding out new beauties in her 
 *' difcourfe. She will keep your mind in perpetual ferenity, 
 *' reflrain its mirth from being difTolute, and prevent its melan- 
 " choly from being painful. 
 
 *' Such was doubtlefs the wife of Orpheus, for who would 
 *' have undergone what he did to have recovered a foolifh 
 " bride ? Such was the daughter of Ovid, who was his rival 
 " in poetry. Such was Tullia, as fhe is celebrated by the 
 *' mofl learned and mofl fond of fathers. And fuch was the 
 " mother of the two Gracchi, who is no lefs famous for ha- 
 " ving been their inflrudlor, than their parent." 
 
 '• Thofc who have an inclination to fee 1566. And what is here tranfcribed in 
 the poem intire, may find it in Sir Tho- the fecond volume of the Guardian, pages 
 ffias's Latin works, Fol. z6. Ed. Lovain, 307, 308. 
 
 And 
 
40 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 And fuch invaluable wives did this learned and judicious 
 Knight intend his daughters fliould be, as is evident from the 
 extraordinary care he took of their education : for he procured 
 feveral of the greateft men of the age to inftrudl them in all 
 kinds of polite literature ; in which they became fo very emi- 
 nent, that the fame of their learning could not be confined to 
 our own country, but fpread itfelf throughout all Europe ; Sir 
 Thomas More's houfe being reputed a little Academy. I can- 
 not forbear tranfcribing Erafmus's account of it *. " More 
 " hath built (faith he) near London upon the Thames fide, (at 
 *' Chelfey) a commodious houfe neither mean nor fubjedl to 
 *' envy, yet magnificent enough : there he converfeth affably 
 ** with his family, his wife, his fon and daughter-in-law, his 
 *' three daughters, and their hulbands, with eleven grand- 
 •' children j there is not any man living fo loving to his chil- 
 *' dren as he, and fuch is the excellence of his temper, that 
 " whatfoever happeneth that could not be prevented, he loveth 
 " it as though nothing could happen more happily. You 
 " would fay there was in that place Plato's Academy ; but I 
 <' do the houfe an injury in comparing it to Plato's Academy, 
 " wherein there was only difputations of numbers and geome- 
 " trical figures, and fometimes of moral virtues. I fliould ra- 
 *' ther call his houfe a fchool or univerfity of Chriftian religion; 
 " for there is none therein but readeth or fludieth the liberal 
 " fciences ; their efpecial care is piety and virtue j there is no 
 " quarrelling or intemperate words heard, none feen idle j 
 *' which houfhold difcipline that worthy gentleman doth not 
 *' govern by proud words, but with all kind and courteous 
 *' benevolence ; every body performeth his duty, yet is there 
 " always alacrity, neither is fober mirth any thing want- 
 « ing, &;c." 
 
 t 
 ? More's Life of Sir Thomas More, old Edit. p. i lo. 
 
 But 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 4? 
 
 But to return to Mrs. Roper. She feems to have had all things 
 that either art or nature could give her to make her perfeft. 
 She had a ready wit, quick conception, tenacious memory, a 
 fine imagination, and was very happy in her fentiments and 
 way of exprefling herfelf upon all occafions. 
 
 Sir Thomas took the greateft care that can be conceived in 
 cultivating thofe abilities j for he procured fome of the beft 
 linguifts ©f that age, as Dr. Clement and Mr. Will. Gonell, to 
 teach her the learned languages ; and other great mafters, viz. 
 Mr. Drue, Mr. Nicolas, and Mr. Richard Hart, to inftrucfl 
 her in the liberal arts and fciences. Under the tuition of thofe 
 eminent men flie became a perfeft miftrefs of tlie Greek and 
 Latin tongues ; and well acquainted with Philofophy, Aftro- 
 nomy, Phyfic, Arithntetic, Logic, Rhetoric and Mufic. 
 
 As feveral of her father's letters relate chiefly to her progrefs 
 in learning, I will here give tranfcripts of fome of them, 
 believing it will be a more agreeable way of enlarging on this 
 diftinguiflied character, as well as the beft teftimony of the 
 truth of it. 
 
 John Voyfey, alias Harman, Biihop of Exeter, a learned 
 and wife man, and the politeft Prelate of that age, was pleafed 
 beyond expreflion with fome of her compofitions, as appears 
 from the following epiftle fent by Sir Thomas to this his en- 
 tirely beloved daughter *. 
 
 " Thomas More fendeth hartie greeting to his deareft daugh- 
 " ter Margarett. I will let pafle to tell you, my fweeteft daugh- 
 *' ter, how much your letter delighted me ; you may imagine 
 " how exceedingly it pleafed your fiuher, when you under- 
 " ftande what affedlion the reading of it caufed in a ftranger. 
 *[ It happened me this evening to fict with John Lo. Biiliop 
 
 > Vid. Mr. More's Life of Sir T. More, p. 186. 
 
 G " of 
 
42 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 " of Exeter, a learned manj and by all mens judgement, a 
 
 " moft fincere man : as we were talking together, and I tak- 
 
 " ing out of my pockett a paper, which was to the purpofe 
 
 " we were talking about, I pulled out by chance therewith 
 
 ♦' your letter. The hand writing pleafing him, he took it 
 
 " from me and looked on it j when he perceived it by the 
 
 *' Salutation to be a womans, he beganne more greedily to 
 
 •' read it, noveltie inviting him thereunto : but when he had 
 
 " read it, and underftood that it was your writing which he 
 
 *' never could have believed, if I had not ferioufly affirmed 
 
 *' it ; fuch a letter, I will fay no more j yet why fhould not 
 
 " I report that which he fayd unto me ? fo pure a ftile, fb 
 
 " good latine, fo eloquent, fo full of fweete affedions ; he 
 
 •' was marvel oufly ravifhed with it; when I perceived that, I 
 
 " brought forth alfo an oration of yours, which he reading, 
 
 " and alfo many of your verfes, he was fo moved with the 
 
 " matter fo unlooked for, that the verie countenance and 
 
 ** geflure of the man free from all flatterie and deceipt, be- 
 
 " wrayed that his mind was more than his words could utter, 
 
 " although he uttered manie to your greatc praife ; and forth- 
 
 " with he drew out of his pockett a Portugue, the which 
 
 *' you lliall receive enclofed herein. I could not poffibly 
 
 *' fliune the taking of it, but he would needs fend it unto 
 
 " you, as a iign of his dear affedlion towards you, although 
 
 *' by all means I endeavoured to give it him againe j which 
 
 " was the caufe I fhewed him none of your other filler's 
 
 " works, for I was afraid left I fliould have been thought to 
 
 *' have ftiewed them of purpofe, becaufe he fhould beftowe 
 
 " the like courtelie upon them ; for it troubled me fore that I 
 
 " muft needs take this of him : but he is fo worthie a man, 
 
 " as I have faid, that it is a happinefle to pleafc him thus ; 
 
 " write carefully unto him and as eloquently as you are able, 
 
 " to 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 43 
 
 " to give him thanks therefore. Farewell from the court this 
 *' lith of September, even almofl at midnight." 
 
 Cardinal Poole alfo was as great an admirer of her, as may 
 be learned from another letter of Sir Thomas «. 
 
 " I cannot exprefle in writing, nor fcarcely can conceyve it 
 ** by thought, how gratefull to me your moft eloquent letters 
 *' deare Margarett are. Whilfl I was reading them, there hap- 
 ** pened to be with me Reinald Poole, that moft noble youth, 
 *' not fo noble by birth as he is Angularly learned, and excel- 
 " lently endewed with all kind of virtue ; to him your letter 
 *' feemed as a miracle ; yea before he underftood how near 
 ** you were befett with the fliortnefs of time, and the mo- 
 *' leftation of your weak infirmitie, having notwithftanding 
 " fent me fo long a letter. I could fcarce make him believe, 
 *' but that you had fome help from your maifter, untill I told 
 *' him ferioufly that you had not only never a maifter in your 
 " houfe, but alfo never another man, that needed not your 
 ** help rather in writing anie thing, then you needed his. In 
 *' the mean time I thought with myfelf how true I found that 
 " now, which once I remember I fpoke unto you in jcafte, 
 " when I pittied your hard happe, that men that read your 
 *' writings, would fufpedt you to have had help of fome other 
 *' man therein ; which would derrogate fomewhat from the 
 *' praifes due to your workes ; feeing that you of all others 
 " deferve leaft to have fuch a fufpition had of you, for that 
 " you never could abide to be decked with the plumes of 
 " other birds. But you fweet Megg, are rather to be praifcd 
 *' for this, that feeing you cannot hope for condigne praife of 
 y your labours, yet for all this you go forward with this your 
 
 «■ Vid. Life of Sir T. More. p. 92. 
 
 G 2 " invincible 
 
44 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 invincible courage, to joyne with your virtue the know- 
 ledge of moft excellent fciences ; and contenting yourfelf 
 with your own pleafure in learning, you never hunt after 
 vulgar praifes, nor receive them willingly, though they be 
 offer'd you. And for your Angular pietie and love towards 
 me, you efleem me and your hufband a fufficient and ample 
 theatre for you to content you with ; who in requitall of this 
 your affection befeech God and our Ladie with as heartie 
 praiers as poffibly we can poure out, to give you an eafie 
 and happie child birth, to encreafe your familie with a child 
 moft like your felf, except only in fex j yet if it be a wench, 
 that it may be fuch a one, as would in time recompence by 
 imitation of her mother's learning and virtues, what by the 
 condition of her fexe may be wanting, fuch a wench I 
 fhould preferre before three boys. Farewell deareft daugh- 
 ter." 
 
 The great pleafure Sir Thomas took in his daughters learn- 
 ing J and their uncommon affiduity in the profecution of their 
 fludies may be colleded from the following mofl afFedionate 
 letter ^ 
 
 " Thomas More fendeth greeting to his moft dear daugh- 
 *' ters Margaret, Elizabeth, and Cecilia, and to Margarett 
 " Gigs as deare to him as if fhe were his own. I cannot fuffi- 
 " ciently exprefle, my befl beloved wenches, how your elo- 
 " quent letters have exceedingly pleafed me, and this is not 
 *' the leaft caufe, that I underftande by them, you have not 
 " in your journeys, though you change places often, omitted 
 " anie thing of your cuftome of exercifeing yourfelves, either 
 " in making of declamations, compofing of verfes, or in your 
 
 f Ibidem, p. 179, 
 
 " logick 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 45 
 
 «' logick exercifes ; by this I perfwade myfelf, that you dear- 
 
 " ly love me, becaufe I fee you have fo great a care to plcafe 
 
 ** me by your diligence in my abfence, as to performe thefe 
 
 " things, which you know how gratefuU they are to me in 
 
 •' my prefence. And as I finde this your minde and affediion 
 
 " fo much to delight me, fo will I procure that my return 
 
 " fliall be profitable unto you. And perfwade yourfelves that 
 
 " there is nothing amongfl thefe my troublefome and carefull 
 
 *< affairs that recreateth me fo much, as when I read fome- 
 
 *' what of your labours, by which I underftande thofe things 
 
 " to be true, which your mofl loving maifler wrlteth fo loving- 
 
 " lyofyou, that unlefs your own epiflles did fliew evidently 
 
 *' unto me, how earnefl your defire is towards learning, I 
 
 " fhould have judged that he had rather written of affedlion 
 
 " then according to the truth : but now by thefe that you 
 
 ** write, you make him to be believed, and me to imagine 
 
 ** thofe things to be true of your wittie and acute difputations, 
 
 " which he boafleth of you almofl above all beliefe : I am 
 
 " therefore marvelous defirous to come home, that we may 
 
 " hear them, and fet our fchollar to difpute with you, who is 
 
 " flow to believe, yea out of all hope or conceipt to find you 
 
 " able, to be anfwerable to your maiflers prayfes. But I hope, 
 
 *• knowing how fteadfaft you are in your affections, that you 
 
 *' will fhortly overcome your maifler, yf not in difputing, at 
 
 " leafl in not leaving of your flrife. Farewell dear wenches. 
 
 How much Sir Thomas was delighted witli Mrs. Roper's 
 fine manner of writing, may be flill farther fcen by the fol- 
 lowing letter *. 
 
 " You afke moneye, deare Megg, too fliamefully and fear- 
 *' fully of your father, who is both defirous to give it you, and 
 
 » Ibidem, p. 183.. 
 
 *' your 
 
46 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 •* your letter hath deferved it, which I could find in my heart 
 •' to recompence, not as Alexander did by Cherilus, giving 
 " him for every verfe a Phillipine of golde j but if my abi- 
 *' litie were anfwerable to my will, I would beftowe two 
 *' crownes of pure golde for every fillable thereof. Here I 
 " fend you as much as you requefted, being willing to have 
 " fent you more ; but that as I am glad to give, fo I am defi- 
 " rous to be afked and fawned on by my daughters, thee ef- 
 " pecially, whome virtue and learning hath made moft deare 
 ** unto me. Wherefore the fooner you have fpent this money 
 " well as you are wont to doe, and the fooner you afke for 
 *' more, the fooner knowe you will doe your father a fmgular 
 " pleafure. Farewell my moft beloved daughter." 
 
 I cannot forbear adding one more epiftle of Sir Thomas's 
 to this ornament of her fex, fince it gives a farther demonftra- 
 tion of her great learning, and affedion to literature in 
 general. 
 
 " Thomas More fendeth greeting to his deareft daughter 
 *• Margarett. There was no reafon my deareft daughter why 
 •• thou fhouldft have deferred thy writing unto me one day 
 *• longer, for fear that thy letters being fo barren, fhould not 
 *' be read of me without loathing. For though they had 
 " not been moft curious, yet in refpedt of thy fexe, thou 
 *' mighteft have been pardoned by any man j yea even a 
 *' blemifh in the child's face, feemeth often to a father beauti- 
 " full. But thefe your letters Megg, were fo eloquently po- 
 " lifhed, that they had nothing in them, not only why they 
 '*' fliould fear the moft indulgent affedtion of your father 
 *' More, but alfo they needed not to have regarded even 
 " Momus his cenfurc, though never fo teaftie. I greatly 
 '* thank Mr. Nicolas our deare friend ( a moft expert man in 
 
 '* Aftronomy) 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 47 
 
 Aflronomy) and do congratulate your happineffe, whome it 
 may fortune within the ipace of one moneth with a fmall 
 labour of your owne to learne fo manie and fuch high 
 wonders of that mightie and eternal workman, which were 
 not found but in many ages, by watching in fo manic colde 
 nights under the open fkies, with much labour and paines, 
 by fuch excellent and above all other mens underftanding 
 witts. This which you write, pleafeth me exceedingly, that 
 you had determined with yourfelf to ftudy philofophy fo dili- 
 gently, that you will hereafter recompence by your diligence, 
 what your negligence hath heretofore loft you. I love you for 
 this, deare Megg, that whereas I have never found you a loy- 
 terer (your learning which is not ordinary, but in all kinde of 
 fciences mofl excellent, evidently fliewing, how painfully 
 you have proceeded therein) yet fuch is your modeftie, that 
 you had rather ftill accufe your felf of negligence than vainly 
 boaft of diligence; except you meane by this your fpeach 
 that you will be hereafter fo diligent, that your former endea- 
 vours, though indeed they were great and praife worthie, yet 
 in refpedl of your future diligence, may be called negligence. 
 Yf it be fo that you meane, (as I do verily think you doe) 
 I imagine nothing can happen to me more fortunate, nothing 
 to you, my deareft daughter, more happie : For as I have 
 earneftly wifhed that you might fpend the reft of your life in 
 fludying Phificke and Holie Scriptures, by the which there 
 fliall never be helps wanting unto you, for the end of man's 
 life ; which is to endeavour that a founde minde be in a 
 healthful! bodie, of which fludies you have alreadie layde 
 fome foundations, and you fliall never want matter to builde 
 thereupon ; fo now I think that fome of the firft years of 
 your youth yet flouriftiing may be very well beflowed in 
 humane learning and the liberall arts, both becaufe your 
 age may befl flruggle with thofe difficulties, and for that it 
 
 " is 
 
(( 
 
 '4-8 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 « is uncertaine, whether at any time elfe we fhall have the 
 *' commoditie of fo carefull, £0 loving, and fo learned a 
 *' maifter : to let pafs, that by this kinde of learning our judge- 
 " ments are either gotten, or certainly much helped thereby. 
 I would wifh deare Megg, that I might talke with you a 
 long time about thefe matters, but beholde they which bring 
 in fupper, interrupt me and call me away. My fupper 
 *' cannot be fo fweete unto me, as this my fpeech with you is, 
 ** if I were not to refpedl others more than my felf. Fare- 
 *' well deareft daughter, and commende me kindly to your 
 " hufband, my loving fonne, who maketh me rejoyce for that 
 *' he ftudieth the fame things as you doe j and whereas I am 
 " wont alwaies to counfell you to give place to your hufband, 
 ** now on the other fide I give you licence to maifter him in 
 *' the knowledge of the fphere. Farewell again and again. 
 " Commende me to all your fchoole-fellows, but to your 
 ** maifter efpecially." 
 
 Thefe high encomiums muft not be look'd upon as the fond 
 extravagancies of a paternal affedlion, Sir Thomas having faid 
 nothing, for which he might not have had the general fuffrage 
 of the moft learned men of that age : One of whom, I 
 mean, the celebrated antiquarian poet Mr. John Leland was a 
 very great admirer of her extenfive learning, and extra- 
 ordinary abilities, as alfo of her learned fifter's ; whofe erudi- 
 tion, and merit, he juftly applauds in the following Latin 
 epigram ^ 
 
 Define facundas nimium laudare diferti 
 
 Natas Hortenfi maxima Roma tui. 
 Candida, Tres Charites, nam Mori cura politi 
 
 Obfcurant multis nomina veftra modis. 
 
 * Vid. Illuft. & eruditorum in Angl. Virorum Encomiis, &c. p. 38. 
 
 Non 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 49 
 
 Non illis ftudium Milefia vellera dextra 
 
 Carpere, non facili ducere iila manu : 
 Sed juvat eloquii crebro monumenta latini 
 
 Verfare, & dodlis pingere verba notis. 
 Nee minus authores Grascos evolvere, Homerum 
 
 Et queni dicendi gloria prima manet, 
 Ut nee Ariftotelis dicam quo pedlore libros 
 
 Scrutentur, fophiae myftica dona dtx. 
 Turpe viris pofthac crit ignorare Minervae 
 
 Artis, grex adeo quas muliebris amet. 
 
 Thus tranflated. 
 
 Forbear too much t'extoll, great Rome, from hence. 
 Thy fam'd Hortenfius' Daughters Eloquence : 
 Thofe boafled Names are now eclips'd by Three 
 More learned Nymphs, Great More's fair Progeny j 
 Who over-pafs'd the Spinfter's mean Employ; 
 The pureft Latin Authors were their Joy ; 
 They lov'd in Rome's politert: Style to write. 
 And with the choiceft Eloquence indite. 
 Nor were they converfant alone in thefe, 
 They turn'd o'er Homer and Demofthenes ; 
 From Ariftotle's Store of Learning too 
 The myftic Art of reas'ning well they drew. 
 
 Then bluHi, ye Men, if you negledl to trace 
 Thofe Heights of Learning, which the Females Grace. 
 
 Sir Thomas was fo infinitely fond of this his darling daugh- 
 ter, that his life feem'd almoft to have been wrapt up ia 
 
 H hers. 
 
jfo MEMOIRS OF 
 
 hers. For as Mr. More obferves ^, " when fhe was very dan- 
 " geroufly ill of the fweating ficknefs *, of which ma- 
 " ny died at that time, and lying in fo great extreamity of the 
 " difeafe that the utmoft Ikill of the ableft and beft phyfici- 
 " ans proved inefFedlual, for flie could not be kept from ileep- 
 " ing ; fo that every one about her began to defpair of her 
 " hfe, as being to outward appearance beyond all hopes of 
 " recovery. Her Father, in this his extreme afflidtion went 
 " into his chapel ; and upon his knees with the moft ardent 
 " devotion, and with many tears, earneftly begg'd and intreat- 
 " ed Almighty God that if it were pleafing unto his divine wif- 
 ■" dom, that at his interceffion he would vouchfafe gracioufly 
 "" to grant this his humble petition : where prefently it came 
 " into his mind that a clyfter was the only way to help her : 
 " which when he told the Phyficians, they acknowledged 
 " that it was the only remedy, wondering at themfelves that 
 " they had not thought of it j which was immediately mi- 
 " niftred unto her fleeping, for other wife {he would never have 
 
 t See Mr. More's Life of Sir T. More, " [which feems to be the time when this 
 
 p. 162. And Mr. Lewis's Edition of " lady had it] and proved mortal in the 
 
 Roper's Life of Sir Thomas, p. 46. " fpace of fix hours. The manner of its 
 
 " feizure was thus ; firft it affefted fome 
 
 '' The learned and ingenious Dr. Friend " particular pait, attended with inward 
 
 has obliged the world with the following " heat and burning, unquenchable thirft, 
 
 hiftorical account of the fweating ficknefs. " reftlefsnefs, ficknefs at ftomach, and 
 
 " This diftemper, fays that great man, " heart, (tho' feldom vomiting) head ach, 
 
 " began at firft in 1483, in Henry the " delirium, then faintnefs, and exceffivc 
 
 " feventh's army upon his landing atMil- " drowfinefs. The pulfe quick and ve- 
 
 " ford-haven, and fpread itfelf in London " hement, and the breath fhort and la- 
 
 ■' from the 2ift of Sept. to the end of " bouring. None recovered under 24 
 
 " Oflober. It retijrn'd here five times " hours. The only cure was to carry on 
 
 " and aUvaj's in fummer ; firft in 1485 j " the fweat, which was necefl'ary for a 
 
 •' then in i ;o6 ; afterwards in 1517; " longtime: Sleep to be avoided by all 
 
 " when it was fo violent that it killed in " means." Vid. Dr. Friend's Hiftory of 
 
 " the fpace of 3 hour^. It appear'd the " Phyfick, voL 2. p. 335. 
 
 fourth time in 1 520, and again in 1 5 2S, 
 
 been 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 51 
 
 been brought to that kind of medicine '. And although 
 when fhe awaked tliroughly, God's marks (an evident and 
 undoubted token of death) plainly appeared upon her, 
 yet flie contrary to all expeftation, was miraculoufly and by 
 her fither's fervent prayers, faith the author of his Life, 
 reftored to perfeiTt health again ; whom if it had pleafed 
 God at that time to have taken to his mercy, her flitlicr 
 folemnly proteiled that he would never have meddled with 
 any worldly matters after, fuch was his flitherly love and 
 vehement affedlion to this his jewel, who moft nearly of all 
 the rell of his children expreffed her fiither's virtues ; al- 
 though the meaneft of all the reft might have been matched 
 with any other of their age in England, either for learning, 
 excellent qualities, or piety ; they having been brought up 
 even from their infancy with fuch care and induftry, and 
 enjoying always moft learned and virtuous mafters." 
 
 About the year 1528, and the twentieth year of her age, 
 fhe was very happily married to William Roper of Well-Hall 
 in the Parifti of Eltham, in the county of Kent, Efq; This 
 gentleman, whom Erafmus ftiles ornatijjimum Roper utn, had 
 all the moft defirable qualities that could be wifli'd for in a 
 man ; as great knowledge, piety, charity, ingenuity, fweetnefs 
 of temper ; and what was not the leall: fatisfadlion to Sir 
 Thomas, he was a lover of lc;irning, and ftudied the fame 
 things as they did : All which made him highly valued by his 
 father in law, and his learned and ingenious confort ; and 
 produced a cordial and indiffoluble friendfliip through the 
 whole fimily, who lived all together with happinefs not to be 
 expreffed till the time that Sir Thomas was taken into cuftody, 
 
 • This paflage in Mr. Lewis's Edition unintelligible, notwithftanding the kind' 
 of Roper's life of Sir Tho. More feems affiftance of the Editor's marginal note. 
 
 H 2 imprifon'd 
 
52 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Jmpriion'd in the tower, and at laft cut off in fuch a manner, 
 as to be the fubjed: of amazement to all Europe, throughout 
 which he was renowned ''. 
 
 By this worthy gentleman flie had iffue Thomas Roper, who 
 married Lucy the daughter of Sir Anthony Brown, mafter of 
 the horfe, and privy counfellor to King Henry the eighth : 
 Anthony Roper a fecond fon : and three daughters, viz. 
 
 Elizabeth, who married Stevenfon, and was a fecond 
 
 time married to Sir Edward Bray, Knight : Margaret married 
 to Mr. William Dautrey : and Mary firft married to Stephen 
 Clarke, and a fecond time to James BaiTet. Of whofe educa- 
 tion faith Mr, Lewis ', flie took the fame care that had been 
 taken of her own. The famous Roger Afcham, adds the 
 fame writer, then fellow of St. John's college in Cambridge, 
 and afterwards Latin fecretary to Queen Elizabeth, tells us, 
 that flie was very defirous of having him for their tutor to in- 
 ftrudl them in the learned languages, but that he would not 
 then upon any terms be prevailed with to leave the Univerlity : 
 that therefore fhe procured Dr. Cole and Dr. Chriftopherfon 
 afterwards Bifhop of Chichefler, both very famous at that 
 
 ^ The ingenious Mr. Thomfon, in liit and illuftrious fons of Great-Britain, fpeaks 
 encomiums on fome of the moft learned thus of Sir Thomas More. 
 
 Thy Sons of Glory many f thine a More, 
 
 As Cato firm, as Ariftides juft. 
 
 Like rigid Cincinnatus nobly poor, 
 
 A dauntlefs foul, ereft, who fniil'd on death. 
 
 Vid. his SeafoMS. Lib. 2. p. 36. 
 
 ' Vid. The preface to his Edition two hufbands. And in his account of Sir 
 
 of Mr. Roper's life of Sir T. More Thomas More's works p. 176, he inad- 
 
 p. 5. Mr. Lewis in the fame place, vertently calls her Sir Thomas's daughter, 
 
 feems not to be a thorough mailer of the And Mr. More hirafelf, from whom greater 
 
 fubjeft he treats on, when he makes Mrs. exaftnels might be expefted, calls her Sir 
 
 Clarke and Mrs. Baflet two feveral Perfons, Thomas's Neece. Vid. More's Life of 
 
 forgetting that thofe were the names of her SirThomas, p. 399, 
 
 time 
 
MARGARET ROPER. s^ 
 
 time for their fkill in the Greek tongue. To thcle Mr. Anthony 
 a Wood adds "" Mr. John Morwen a" noted Greccian, who 
 was preceptor to her daughteor Mary in the Greek and Latin 
 tongues, and who was (o much plcafed with her learned com- 
 pofitions, tliat he tranllated into EngUlh feveral of her Greek 
 and Latin orations. 
 
 She was perfonally known to, and frequently correfponded 
 with, that great reftorer of learning Erafmus, who fet a very 
 high value upon her parts and learning, filling her Britan- 
 nics deem : and had fucli a peculiar efteem for her, that, .when 
 her father, Sir Thomas More, had font him a very valuable 
 prefent of a pidlure " reprefenting himfelf and his whole fa- 
 mily, drawn by the hand of that celebrated artifl Hans Hol- 
 bein, Erafmus returned his moft grateful acknowledgments for 
 fuch an acceptable prefent, in a Latin epiflle to this lady, in 
 which he tells her, that nothing could give him a more fen- 
 fible pleafure, than he had in the view of the pidbare he had 
 jufh then received, wherein a family he fo much refpecfled, 
 was fo exaftly delineated, efpecially too fince it was done by 
 one he had at firft recommended to her father, and who no 
 doubt had much improved under the encouragement he had 
 met with by his favour in England ; adding, that tho' he knew 
 every perfon reprefented in the pidlure at firll fight, yet he was 
 more than ordinarily pleafed with her's, which brought to 
 mind all the excellent qualities, which he had long admired 
 in her. This lady foon returned his compliment in an elegant 
 latin epiflle " ; wherein Ihe tells him, that (he was pleafed to 
 
 °' Wood's AthensE Oxon. Laft Edit. " effigiem depiflam detulerit, ingentibus 
 
 vol. I. coll. 82. " cum gr.-itiis libenter agnofcimus ; nihil 
 
 " See Dr. Knight's Life of Erafmus, " ardeiitius expetentes, quam ut pra;cep- 
 
 p. 310. " torem noftrum, cujus cruditis l.iboribus 
 
 » " Quod pidloris tibi adventus Mnta: " quicquid bonarum literarum imbibcri- 
 
 " voluptati fuit, illo nomine, quod utriuf- " mus acceptum habcmus Aliqun modo 
 
 " que mei parentis noftrumque omnium " gratificaremu*-. " Marg. Ropera-. Ep. 
 
 Eralmo. 
 
54 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 find that their family piece was fo acceptable to him ; and ac- 
 knowledges him as her preceptor, to whom fhe would be for 
 ever grateful. And tho' Erafmus wrote feveral epiftles to her 
 fiflers Elizabeth and Cicelia, yet he feems to have had a more 
 than ordinary refpecft for her ; for notwithftanding he had fuch 
 a vaft number of noble patrons, who were very defirous of 
 having their names and memories perpetuated in his works, he 
 dedicated to this young lady fome hymns of Prudentius, as 
 well fuiting her pious inclinations. 
 
 As file had in the former part of her life, by an unwearied 
 application and-induftry made herfelf well acquainted with the 
 learned languages, and feveral of the fciences, fo at this time 
 fhe feems to have been as eagerly bent on the profecution of 
 the fludies of philofophy, aftronomy, phyfick and the holy 
 fcriptures. The two laft of which were recommended to her 
 by her father, as the employments of the remaining part of 
 her life : fo that one might imagine from hence that the chief of 
 her learned and moft admir'd compofitions were wrote before 
 this time, when her thoughts were free from all uneafinefs 
 and perplexities of temporal affairs ; having gone on in a 
 fmooth and conftant courfe in the enjoyments of her beloved 
 lludies from her very childhood without the leall interruption, 
 except her being attack'd by the fweating ficknefs, which feems 
 to have retarded her but a little while. But foon after this the 
 fcene was changed, when her principal delights and enjoyments 
 
 Erafmo. This fine painting is ftill pre- Black-heath in Kent. Mrs. Roper is re- 
 
 ferved with great care in the town-hall at prefented in this laft mentioned pifture 
 
 Bafil. We have two more of thefe family litting on a low ftool, with a book in her 
 
 pieces in England ; both drawn by the de- lap opened, in which is written, L. An. 
 
 licate hand of that eminent painter : one Senecae Oedipus Fata ft liceat 
 
 in the pofleffion of Mr. Lenthall at Bur- mihi fingere arbitrio meo, temperem zephyro 
 
 ford in Oxfordfhire : the other at Well- ie-vis. And on her Petycoat, Margarita 
 
 Hall, an ancient feat of the family of the Ropera Thomte hlori filia armo 22. 
 
 Ropers in the parifh of Eltham near 
 
 fcem'd 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 55 
 
 feem'd to have their period in the untimely lofs of her invalu- 
 able father. Concerning which lamentable affair I muil beg 
 leave to add, that the Bufinefs of the King's divorce being not 
 at all to Sir Thomas's liking, and that finding the King's ulti- 
 mate refolution in that weighty affair, he very wifely quitted 
 his high office of the Chancellorfliip, and refigned the great 
 feal before it came to an iffue. This was the beginning of the 
 King's fecret grudge and difpleafure againft him. 'Till this 
 time Sir Thomas and all his children, lived mofl: happily to- 
 gether, and as it feems at his own expence. But upon his re- 
 fignation of the chancellorfliip, his circumftances obliging 
 him to it, he called before him all his children, and allying 
 their advice, how he might now in the decay of his ability 
 (fo impaired by die furrender of his office, that lie could not 
 hereafter do as he formerly had done, and gladly flill would do) 
 bear the expences of them all himfelf, believing they could 
 not now live together as they had hitherto done. When he 
 faw them all filent, and that none of them gave him their fen- 
 timents in this affair, he himfelf made them the following 
 mofl affeftionate reply. " I have been brought up at Oxford, 
 " at an inn of chancery, at Lincoln's inn, and in the King's 
 " court from the loweft degree to the higheft ; and yet have 
 " I in yearly revenues at this prefent, little left me above a 
 " hundred pounds a year : fo that if we now live together, 
 " we muft now become contributors. But my counfel is that 
 " we defcend not to the loweft fare firft, we will not yet 
 " comply with Oxford fare, nor that of New-Inn ; but we 
 " will begin with Lincoln's Inn diet, where many pcrf^ns of 
 " diflinclion live very agreeably, and if we find ourfclves not 
 " in a capacity of living thus the firft Year, we will the next 
 " year conform ourfelves to that of Oxford ; and if our purfes 
 " will not allow us that neither than may we after with bag 
 " and wallet go a begging together, hoping that for pity fonie 
 
 " good 
 
^6 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 " good people will give us their charity, and at every man's 
 " door to fing a Sahe regina ; whereby we fliall ftili keep 
 " company and be merry together." 
 
 But I find that foon after, this happy fociety was diflblved ; 
 each going to their refpeftive places of abode ; only this his 
 moft beloved daughter Mrs. Roper and her hufband contrived 
 their affairs fo as to live in the next houfe to Sir Thomas. But 
 this her abridged enjoyment continued not long, for the oath 
 of fupremacy being tender'd to Sir Thomas, upon his refufal 
 to take it, he was committed to the cuftody of the Abbot of 
 Weftminfter ; and after a fliort durance with him, continuing 
 immoveable in his refolution, he was fent to the Tower, to the 
 inexpreffible afRidlion of Mrs. Roper j who by her inceflant 
 intreaties at lafb got leave to pay him a vifit there, where fhe 
 made ufe of all the arguments, reafon and eloquence fhe was 
 miftrefs of, to have brought him to a compliance with the 
 oath, notwithftanding fhe herfelf took it with this exception ', 
 as far as would ftand with the law of God, that if it had been 
 poffible fhe might have preferved his life : but all proved in- 
 effedlual, his confcience being dearer to him than all other 
 worldly confiderations whatfoever j even that of his favourite 
 daughter's peace and happinefs. Upon this his unfortunate 
 confinement, his whole family feems to have come together 
 again at Chelfey ; for in one of Mrs. Roper's letters to her 
 
 father, fhe thus expreffes herfelf. " What do you think 
 
 " my moft dear father, doth comfort us at Chelfey in this 
 " your ablence ? furely the remembrance of your manner of 
 " life pafTed amongft us, your holy converfation, your whol- 
 " fome councells, your examples of virtue, of which there 
 " is hope that they do not only perfevere with you, but that 
 " they are by God's grace much more increafed." 
 
 1 See Lewis's Edit, of Roper's Life of « More's Life of Sir T. More p. 123. 
 Sir T. More, p. 80. 
 
 There 
 
MARGARET ROPER. S7 
 
 There was a conftant intercourfe of letters pafled between 
 Sir Thomas and Mrs. Roper, in tiie time of his imprifonment ; 
 for when he was moft barbaroully deprived of his pen and 
 ink, he wrote two or more letters to her with a coal. Several 
 of thofe letters are very pathetical : yet I forbear the tranfcrib- 
 ing of them, fince they are not only printed at the end of Sir 
 Thomas's works publiflied by his nephew Mr. Raftell ' ; but 
 alfo, many of them are reprinted by the lafl editor of Mr. 
 Roper's Life of Sir Thomas More, printed An. 1731. And 
 I fhall only add from Dr. Knight's Life of Erafmus *, that 
 " After fentence was pafled upon Sir Thomas, as he was going 
 " back to the tower, Ihe ruflied through the guards and crouds 
 " of people, and came prefling towards him j at fuch a fight, 
 " as courageous as he was, he could hardly bear up under the 
 " furprize his paffionate affedlion for her raifed in him : for flie 
 " fell upon his neck, and held him faft in the moft: endearing 
 " embraces, but could not fpeak one word to him, great 
 " griefs having that ft:upifying quality of making the moll: elo- 
 " quent dumb. The guards altho' juft:Iy reputed an unre- 
 " Icnting crew, were much moved at this fight, and were 
 " therefore more willing to give Sir Thomas leave to fpeak to 
 " her, which he did in thcfe few words ; my dear Margaret, 
 " bear with patience, nor do not any longer grieve for me. It 
 " is the will of God and therefore mull be fnbmitted to ; and 
 " then gave her a parting kifs. But after Ihe was withdrawn 
 " ten or a dozen foot off, (lie comes running to him again, 
 " falls upon his neck, but grief again ftopt her mouth. Her 
 " father looked willfully upon her, but faid nothing, the 
 " tears trickling down his cheeks, a language too well under- 
 " flood by his dillreffed daughter, tliough he bore all this 
 
 ' Fol. London 1557. ' p 339- See alfo Hearne's Ed. of 
 
 Roper's Life of Sir T. More, p. Jv 
 
 I " without 
 
58 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " without the leaft change of countenance : But juft when 
 " he was to take his final leave of her, he begged her prayers 
 " to God for him, and took his farewell of her. The officers 
 " and fouldiers as rocky as they were, .melted at this fight ; 
 " and no wonder, when even the very beafts are under the 
 " power of natural affedlions, and often fhew them. Good 
 " God ! adds the fame elegant writer, what a fhocking tryal 
 " muft this be to the poor Man : how could he be attacked 
 " in a more tender part ?" 
 
 After Sir Thomas was beheaded, /he took care for the 
 burial of his body in the chapel of St. Peters ad mncula within 
 the precinfts of the tower : and afterwards flie procured his 
 corps to be removed and buried in the chancel of the church 
 at Chelfey, as Sir Thomas in his life time had appointed. His 
 head having remained about fourteen days upon London bridge, 
 and being to be caft into the Thames to make room for others ', 
 fhe bought it, left, as fhe ftoutly affirmed to the council, being 
 fummoned before them afterwards for the fame matter, it 
 fliould be food for fiflies. She likewife felt the fury of the 
 King's difpleafure, upon her father's fcore, being herfelf com- 
 mitted to prifon " ; but after a fliort confinement, and after 
 they had in vain endeavoured to terrify her with menaces, fhe 
 was releafed, and fent to her hufband. 
 
 The latter part of her life we may very probably fuppofe 
 to have been fpent inter Treces & Lachrymas, and in the edu- 
 cating of her children, and management of her domeftic affairs. 
 
 She was, faith Mr. More ", the moft like her father, both in 
 favour and wit, and proved a moft rare woman, for learning, 
 fandity, and fecrecy, and therefore Sir Thomas trufted her with 
 all his fecrets. She correded by her own iagacity, without the 
 
 ' Vid. Mr. More's Life of Sir Thomas, " Ibid. p. 364. 
 p. 358. " Ibid. p. 184. 
 
 afliftanee 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 59 
 
 afllftance of any MS. a corrupted place in St. Cyprian, as Pa- 
 melian and John Cofter " teftify, inftead of nifi vos feveritatis, 
 reftoring nervos feveritatis. 
 
 Befides great numbers of Latin cpiftles, orations and poems, 
 wliich were fent to, and difperfed among the learned of her 
 acquaintance. She hath written, 
 
 An oration ' to anfwer Quintilian, defending that rich man, 
 which he accufeth for having poifon'd a poor man's bees with 
 certain venemous flowers in his garden, with fuch admirable 
 wifdom, and fine elocution, that it may juftly ftand in com- 
 petition with his. 
 
 She alfo wrote two declamations, which her father and flic 
 tranflated into Latin fo elegantly, that one could hardly judge 
 which was the beft. 
 
 She likewife wrote a treatife of the four laft things, which 
 was done with fo much judgment, and fuch flirong reafoning, 
 and with fo much true piety, that her father fincerely protcfted, 
 it was better than the difcourfe he had written upon tiie fame 
 fubjed:, and perhaps this was the reafon it was never finiflied 
 by him. 
 
 * " Igitur quum Clemens medicinS 
 do(Sor natione Anglus vlr ornatiffimus, 
 ■ ac Grxcaium liter.irum peritifTimuf , mc- 
 ' cum fubinde pro fua humanitate Je Uteris 
 ' conferrct, atque hariim occafionc multa 
 ' de prxclariflimi viri Thomas Mori, quo 
 ' familiariter dum vivcrct, ufus crat, hu- 
 ' manitate, pictate, prudentia ac eruditione 
 ' diceret, mcminit quoquc fubinde Marga- 
 ' retae Mori filia: : cujus ingenium atque 
 ' doftrinam mlrificc prxdicabat. Ut au- 
 ' tern cognofcas, inquit, vera efie qua; 
 ' dico, adferam tibi ex Cypriano locum 
 ' depravatuni aJmodum, quern ilia citra 
 ' excmplaris fubfidium, fola ingenii fui 
 ' fxlitatc rcllituit. Erat autem eu Icnten- 
 
 " tia, quam fupra pofui. Nam pro eo 
 " quod ibi legimus, nifi vos fcvcritatip, 
 " iio-^osfe-veiitati!, rcponendum cfle dicc- 
 " bat. Error fcribarum infcitia obrepfit. 
 " Sufpicandum fcriptum fuiflc in antiquo 
 " codice hoc modo, nuos apiculo tnpra 
 " cnim liternm icripto : veruni quia .^- liac 
 " diftiuncula, nifi, hac ratione contraiflius 
 " pingi folet, fcriba unum vocabuhim in 
 " duas voces dilVccuit nodum conneftens 
 " plane Gordianum, qiiem magni alioqui 
 " viii difibluerc haflenus nequivcrunr.' 
 Collcr's Comment on Vin. Lirinenfis, fol. 
 47. 1 21110. Paris 1569. 
 / Ibid. p. ii>S. 
 
 I 
 
 She 
 
6o MEMOIRSOF 
 
 She tranflated Eufebius's ecclefiaftical hiftory out of Greek 
 into Latin, but was prevented in the publication of it by 
 Birtiop Chriflopherfon, a noted Greecian, who at that time 
 was engaged in the fame tafk. This laborious performance 
 was afterwards tranflated out of Latin into Englifh by her 
 daughter Mary, who feems to have been poflefs'd of her mo- 
 ther's fine parts and learning. 
 
 In fhort, Mrs. Roper received all imaginable marks of rcfpedl 
 from the moil learned men of the age fhe lived in, and yet 
 Mr, Lewis generoufly obferves *, that " the fine things faid 
 " of her, and to her by the greatefl: men of that age, and fmce, 
 " were more than compliments or words of courfe, they 
 " were what flie had a right to and very well deferved." 
 
 She furvived her father nine years ; was fixteen years the 
 beloved wife of Mr. Roper ; and dying about the 36th year 
 of her age. Anno 1 544, was buried, as fhe had defired, with 
 her father's head in her arms ', (which fhe had carefully pre- 
 ferved in a leaden box) at St. Dunflan's church in the city of 
 Canterbury, in a vault under a chapel joining to the chancel of 
 the aforefaid church, being the burial place of the Ropers. 
 
 Mr. Roper lived a difconfolate widower thirty three years, 
 and dying January the fourth i ^77, he was buried in the fame 
 vault with the remains of his dear confort. In honour of 
 whofe memories the following infcription is tranfmitted to us 
 by the learned antiquary Mr. William Somner \ 
 
 ^ ViJ. his preface to Roper's Life of the 56th p. of the difcourfe prefix'd to his 
 
 Sir T. More, p. 4. Edition of Roper's Life of Sir T. More, 
 
 » So we are informed by Mr. Lewis in where he tells as that the above mentioned 
 
 the 5th p. of the before mentioned preface : leaden box being inclofed in anlronGrate, 
 
 But Mr. Anthony a Wood tells us, that Sir was fecn when the vault was opened in 
 
 Sir Thomas's head was depofited in the the year 1715, to inter one of the Roper's 
 
 faid leaden bo.v, which is {landing upon family, &c. 
 
 Mrs. Roper's coffin. And what Mr. i" Antiq. of Canterbury, firft Edition, 
 
 Wood fays is confirmed by Mr. Hearne in p. 342. 
 
 Hie 
 
MARGARET ROPER. 6i 
 
 Hie jacet venerabilis vir Gulielmus Roper armiger, fillus & 
 heres quondam Johannis Roper Armigeri ; et Margareta uxor 
 ejufdem Gul. Filia quondam Thomae Mori militis fummi olim 
 Anglie Cancellarii, Gra^cis, Latinifquc literis do<ftiflima, qui 
 quidem Gul. patri fuo in officio prothonotariatus fupremas curiae 
 banci Rcgii fucceffit, in quo cum annis 54. fidelitcr miniftraflet 
 idem officium filio fuo primogenito ThonicE reliquit, Fuit is 
 Gul. domi forifque munificens, mitis, mifericors, incarcerato- 
 rum, oppreiTorum 6c pauperum baculus. Genuit ex Marga- 
 reta uxore (quam unicam habuit) filios duos & filias tres, ex 
 iis vidit in vita fua nepotes, et pronepotes, uxorem in virili 
 astate amiiit, viduatus uxore caftifTime vixit annis 33. Tandem 
 complctis in pace diebus deceffit in fenedlute bona ab omnibus 
 defideratus, die quarto menfis Jan. x^nno Chrifli Salvatoris 
 1577. x-tatis vero fuas 82. 
 
 Here lieth interred William Roper Efq. a venerable and 
 worthy man, the fon and fucceflbr of the late John Roper 
 Efq; And Margaret his wife daughter of Sir Thomas More 
 Knight, once high chancellor of England ; a woman excellent- 
 ly well fkill'd in the Greek and Latin tongues. The above- 
 mentioned William Roper fuccceded his flxther John Roper in 
 the office of prothonotary of the high court of King's bench. 
 And after having difcharged the duties of it faithfully 54 years, 
 he left it to his fon Thomas. The fiid William Roper was 
 liberal both in his domeftic and public conduifl. Kind and 
 compaffionate in his temper, the fupport of the prifoner, the 
 poor, and the opprefTed. He had iffue by Margaret, (his only 
 wife) two Ions, and three daughters ; whofe children and 
 grand children he lived to fee. He loft his wife in the bloom 
 of his years, and lived a chafl widower 33 years. At length 
 (his days being fulfilled in peace) he died lamented by all, in 
 a good old age, on the fourth day of January, in the year of 
 our redemption 1577. And of his age 82. 
 
62 iM E M O I R S O F 
 
 ANNE ASKEW, 
 
 Alias K Y M E, 
 
 WA S born about the year 1520, and was the daughter 
 of Sir William Afkew of Kelfay in Lincolnfhire, 
 Knight. She had a liberal education, as appears from Bifhop 
 Bale, Dr. Fuller, Bifhop Burnet and others ; who at the fame 
 time inform us of the good ufe fhe made of that education, 
 in becoming learned, and of her learning, in becoming reli- 
 gious. But by an unfortunate marriage, contradted jointly by 
 Sir William her father, and her father in law, who probably 
 confulted more their own convenience than her happinefs, this 
 pious and beautiful lady (as fhe is by thofe writers faid to have 
 been) was brought into infinite vexation and trouble, and which 
 at laft occafion'd the lofs of her life. 
 
 I will here give a fliort narrative of this affair, as it is related 
 by Dr. Fuller ', from a manufcript of Bifliop Bale's own hand 
 writing. 
 
 " A match was made, by the power of their parents, be- 
 " twixt Mr. Kyme his fon in Lincolnfliire, and Sir William 
 " Afhcough his eldeft daughter, who chanced to die before 
 " the compleating thereof. Sir William loath to lofe fo rich 
 
 = Vid. his Church Hiftory, cent. 16. mination, &:c. by Biihop Bale, fol. 15. 
 Hb. 5. p. 242. See alfo her 2d Exa- 
 
 " au 
 
ANNE ASKEW. 63 
 
 *' an heir, and having paid part of her portion, for lucres 
 " fake compelled this ANNE, his fecond daughter to fup- 
 " ply her fifters place, and to marry him againfl her own 
 *' will and confent, notwithftanding, the marriage once part, 
 " file demeaned hcrfelf like a chriftian wife, and bare him 
 " two children. In procefs of time, by oft reading of the 
 " facred Bible, flie cleerly fell from all papiftry, to a perfedt 
 " belief in Jefus Chrift. Whereupon her hufband was fo 
 " offended, that (by fuggeftion of the priefts) he violently 
 " drove her out of his houfe. And flie, on this occafion, 
 " fought from the law a divorce ; and becaufe of his cruel 1 
 " ufuage, would not return unto him again : thinking her felf 
 " free from that uncomely kind of coached marriage, by the 
 " dodlrine of St. Paul ^, But, if the imbeUe-cing depart, let 
 *' him depart, yl brother or fifter is 7iot under bondage in Jucb 
 " cafes : but God hath called us to peace.'' 
 
 Upon this account the bufy Jefuit Parfons, alias Cowbuck, 
 infults her memory, and fcruples not to draw her charafter in 
 the fame uncharitable and fcandalous manner *, in which he 
 is well known to have treated feveral other of the greateft 
 worth and highefl eminence. But his endeavours here were 
 
 "■ I. Corinthians, vii. 15. crimes theythemfclveswereieallyguilty of, 
 
 * Vid. his Examen of Fox^s Saints in the in mod amazing inftances of inhumanity. 
 
 month of June. They who would willingly Almoft endlcfs examples might be given 
 
 fuppofc the Roman Catholics to have been of this, even of men who bore a very 
 
 afiuated by no worfe principle than that different charadler to Parfons. That of 
 
 of a mifguided zeal, cannot but with great N. Harpsfield, under the borrowed name 
 
 contern obfcrve, that that infamous Jefuit of Alan Cope, in relation to the Gucrn- 
 
 js far from being the only inftance of that fey women, &c. is very notorious. And 
 
 complicated injullicc and cruelty which even the famous Sir Thomas More, whofc 
 
 Jias induced the patrons of that religion, integrity was not eafily biafs'd ; yet, in 
 
 firft, to burn the bodies of Prote/lants for thefe affairs, it warped very vifibly, as may 
 
 pretended herefy, and after%vards to charge be obferved in his writings concerning 
 
 them with fome very black crimes, which Bilncy the Martyr, Hunne, &c. 
 they invLUied, in order to extenuate the 
 
 no 
 
64 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 no lefs vain and inefFedlual than they were wicked and ma- 
 licious. Her whole behaviour in this affair, is related in a very 
 different manner by other more credible writers. And what 
 he has faid of her condudl on other occafions, is according to 
 his ufual manner of writing, merely imaginary. 
 
 Her hufband having mofl inhumanly driven her out of his 
 houfe, &;c. upon this hard treatment (he endeavoured (as 
 you have read) to procure a divorce ; which was the caufe no 
 doubt of her going to London, for which fhe is cenfured 
 "with fo much feverity by the Jefuit, and of making her felf 
 known to that part of the court who either profeffed, or 
 were favourers of proteflantifm. But it was not long before 
 Ihe was, by the procurement of her hufband, and the vigilance 
 of the romifh priefis, feiz'd, taken into cuflody, and feveral 
 times examined concerning her faith ; of which fhe herfelf 
 wrote a large account, which was foon after her martyrdom 
 publifli'd by Mr. (afterguards Bifhop) Bale, in two parts, with 
 the following title. The Jirjl Exatninatiofi of Anne AJkewe 
 latelye jnartyred in Smythficlde, by the Romijh Popes upholders^ 
 'With the Ehicydation of fohan Bale. The fecond part bears 
 the fame title, and were both imprinted at Marpurg iii the 
 Lande of Heffcn, 1 6 die faJiuarii^ anno 1 547, 1 2mo. From 
 this book, and from Mr. Fox's Adls and Monuments of the 
 Church, the enfuing part of this account is chiefly extradled. 
 
 Her firft Examination was in the month of March, 1 545', 
 by Chriltopher Dare, inquifitor ; afterward by a certain Prieft, 
 the Lord Mayor of London, and by the Bifliop's Chancellor j 
 upon the ufual topics of Tranfubflantiation, reading of the 
 Scriptures, of Maffes for the help of departed fouls, and other 
 articles ; to all which fhe gave very proper and pertinent an- 
 fwers. Then flie was committed to the Compter, where fhe 
 was kept eleven days, no friend being permitted to fpeak with 
 her, neither would any bail or fureties be taken to prevent 
 
 her 
 
A N N E A S K E W. 65 
 
 her, imprifonment. In the time of her durance an enfnaring 
 prieft came to her, thinking by his Ibphiftry to trepan her, 
 by drawing fomething from her which might prove of 
 dangerous confequence ; but flie by her wifdom fruftratcd his 
 intention. 
 
 On March 23d her coufin Mr Britayne obtained leave to 
 vifit her in the Compter : and ufed his utmoft endeavours to 
 hail her. Firft with the Mayor ', after with the Chancellor, 
 and laftly Math Bonner Bilhop of London. This occa- 
 fion'd her to be brought before his lordHiip on March 23, 
 when with feeming humanity he told her he was forry for her 
 troubles, but withall, defu''d to know her opinion in fuch 
 things as were alleged againft her : and after much difcourfe 
 with the Bifhop, an Archdeacon, and Dr. Standifh about tran- 
 iubftantiation, the Maf>^, &c. flie was at laft bailed, Jier coufm 
 Mr. Britayne, and Mr. Spilman of Gray's Inn being fureties. 
 
 Soon after this (lie was again apprehended, brought before 
 the King's council at Greenwich, examined by Chancellor 
 Wrilley, Gardiner, Biihop of Winchefter, Dr. Cox, and Dr. 
 
 f Mr. Stnpe gives the following Re- 
 mark from an aiitlicntic paper concerning 
 this Mayor. '• Sir Marrin Eowcs, fittin!^ 
 " with the council, as mcll meet for hi3 
 " wifdom. .md feeing her ftand upon 
 " life rind death, 1 pray voii, qwoth he, 
 " my lords give mc leave to talk with 
 " this woman. Leave was granted. Lord 
 " Maior. Thou foolilh woman, fsyell 
 f thou, that the prielh cannot make the 
 " body of Chrill ? A.-'Vfcough. I fay fo, 
 " ni}' lord. For I have reed, that God 
 " made man, b-jt that n-.an can make 
 " God I ntxer yot read : nor I fuppofe 
 " ever fliall read it. Lord ^Ja!or. No, 
 " thou foolilh woman .' After tlic words of 
 " confecration, is it not the Lord's body ? 
 
 A. Afcough. No, it is but confecrated 
 bread, or facranieutal bread. Lord 
 Maior. What if a moufe eat it after 
 confecration ? What fliall become of the 
 moufe.' What f.iyeil tliou, thou fooliih 
 woman.' A. A (lough. M'h^t (hall be- 
 come of her fay } ou, my lord .' Lord 
 Maior. 1 fay, that that n-.oufe is damn- 
 ed. A. Afcough. Alack poor moufe. 
 By this time my lo.-ds heard enough of 
 my Lord M^ior's divinity j and pel cci\-- 
 iiig dint fome cnald not keep in theii^ 
 laughinT, piocecded to the butchery 
 and n.-Mighter that they intended afore 
 they came thither." Str}-pe's Memo- 
 rials Ec-lef. V. L p. 3S7. 
 
 Robinfon 
 
66 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 Robinibn upon the old topics. But her faith not being to 
 be overcome by any of their threats, and much lefs by their 
 reafons ; flie was fent to Newgate, notwithftanding (he was 
 fo extremely ill, as to have been likely enough to preferve 
 them from the guilt of murder, by her death. She was then 
 very delirous to have Dr. Latymer ^ come to her, which 
 would not be granted. 
 
 While fhe was in Newgate, Hie wrote the following con- 
 feflion of her faith. " Concerning my belief. I find in the 
 " fcriptures that Chrift took the bread and gave it to his dif- 
 " ciples, faying: Take, eat, thh is my Body which JJiall be broken 
 '■^.jor you, meaning in fubftance, his own very body, the 
 " bread being thereof an only fign or facrament. For after 
 " like manner of fpeaking, he faid, he would break down 
 " the temple, and in three days build it up again, fignifying 
 " his own body by the temple, as St. John declareth it, John 
 " ii. and not the ftony temple itfelf. So that the bread is but 
 *' a remembrance of his death, or a facrament of thankfgiving 
 " for it, whereby we are knit unto him by a communion of 
 " chriftian love. Aldio' there may be many that cannot per- 
 " ceive the true meaning thereof} for the veil that Mofes put 
 " over his face before the children of Ifrael, that they could 
 " not fee the clearnefs thereof, Exod. xxiv. and 2 Cor. iii. 
 *' I perceive the fame veil remaineth to this day. But when 
 " God fliall take it away, then fliall thefe blind men fee. For 
 " it is plainly expreffed in the hiflory of Bell in the Bible, that 
 " God dwelleth in no thing material. O King (faith Daniel) 
 " be not dccei'veciy for God will be in nothing that is made with 
 " hands of men. Dan. xiv. Oh what ftif-neckcd people are 
 '' thefe, that will always refift the Holy Ghoft ? But as tlieir 
 
 s The famous Dr. Latymer, who him- in the fame manner as Ihe was, for pre- 
 fclf was afterwards martyred in Oxford, tended hercfy, Oftober i6, 1555. 
 
 " fathers 
 
ANNE A S K E W. 67 
 
 " fathers have done fo do they, becaufe they have ftony 
 
 " hearts. Written by me Anne Afkew, that neither wiflieth 
 
 " death, nor yet feareth his might, and as merry as one that 
 
 " is bound towards heaven." 
 
 Then follow many feledl fentences from the Old and New- 
 Teftament, which I fuppofe ihe wrote for her own confolation. 
 But notwithftanding the orthodoxy of this and her other con- 
 feflions, flie was condemned to be burnt by thofe R. Catholick 
 fathers ; the fum of whofe proceeding flie gives in the fol- 
 lowing words. 
 
 " The fum of the condemnation of me Anne Ailcew at 
 " the Guild-Hall. They faid to me there that I was an here- 
 " tick, and condemned by the law, if I would ftand in my 
 " own opinion, I anfwered, tliat I was no heretick, neither 
 " yet dcfcrved I any death by the law of God. But as con- 
 " cerning the faith which I uttered and wrote to the council, 
 " I would not (I faid) deny it, becaufe I knew it true. 
 " Then would they needs know, if I would deny the ficra- 
 " ment to be Clirift's body and blood. I faid, yea. For the 
 " fame fon of God that was born of the virgin Mary, is now 
 " glorious in Heaven, and will come again from thence at 
 " the latter day like as he went up, Adls i. And as for that 
 " ye call your God, it is a piece of bread. For a more proof 
 " thereof (mark it when you lift) let it lie in the box but 
 " 3 months, and it will be mouldy, and fo turn to nothing 
 " that is good, wherefore I am perfwadcd it cannot be God. 
 
 " After that they willed me to have a prieft, and then I 
 " fmiled. Then they ailced me if it were not good ? I faid 
 " I would confefs my fluilts unto God. For I was fure he 
 " would hear me with favour. And fo we were condemned 
 " with a qucft. 
 
 K 2 Her 
 
68 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 Her belief which fhe wrote to the council was this. 
 " 1 hat the facramental bread was left us lo be received with 
 " thankfglving, in remembrance of Chrill's death, the only 
 " remedy of our fouls recovery : And thereby we alfo receive 
 " the whole benefits and fruits of his moft glorious paffion. 
 " 1 hen would they needs know whether the bread in the box 
 " were God or no ? I faid, God is a Spirit and will be ivor- 
 " Jljippcd in Spirit and ^ruth, John iv. Then they demand- 
 " ed : will you plainly deny Chrift to be in the facrament ? I 
 " anfwered, that I beheve faithfully the eternal fon of God 
 " not to dwell there. In witnefs whereof I recited again the 
 " hiftory of Bell, and the .19th ch. of Daniel, the 7. and the 
 " 17 of the Ails, and the 24th of Mathew, concluding thus : 
 " I neither wifli death, nor yet fear his might. God have the 
 " praife thereof with Thanks." 
 
 After fhe had been condemned, the juftnefs of her caufe 
 afforded her a -moil extraordinary degree of confolation ; for it 
 not only fupported her with the certain hopes of happlnefs in a 
 life to come ; but feems to have made lier entertain ibme hopes 
 of a pardon from this unjuft tribunal, as appears from the two 
 following letters which ihe wrote to the King, and the Lord 
 ■Chancellor. 
 
 Her letter to the Lord Chancellor. 
 
 "' The Lord God, by whom all creatures have their being, 
 " blefs you with the light of his knowledge. Amen. 
 
 " My duty to your lordfliip remembred 6cc. It might 
 " pleafe you to accept this my bold fult, as the fuit of one, 
 "' which upon due confideratio-ns is moved to the fame, and 
 " hopeth to obtain. My requefl to your lordfhip is only, that 
 "*' it may pleafe the fame to be a mean for me to the King's 
 
 " Majefty, 
 
ANNEASKEW. 69 
 
 Majefty, that his grace may be certified of thefe few hnes 
 which I have written concerning my belief. Which when 
 it (hall be truly conferred with the hard judgment given me 
 for the fame, I think his grace fhall well perceive me to be 
 wayed in an uneven pair of ballance. Birt I remit my matter 
 and caufe to Almighty God, which riglitly judgeth all fe- 
 crets. And thus I commend your lordfliip to the gover- 
 nance of him and fellowfliip of all faints. Amen. 
 
 " By your handmaid Anne Afkew.'* 
 
 Her fiith briefly written to the King. 
 
 " I Anne Afkew of good memory, although God hath 
 
 " given me the bread of adverfity, and the water of trouble, 
 
 " yet not fo much as my lins have deferved, dcfire this to be 
 
 " knovvu unto your grace, that forafmuch as I am by the law 
 
 " condemned for an evil doer : Here I take heaven and earth 
 
 '" to record, that I Hiall die in my innocency. And accord- 
 
 " ing to that I faid firft, and will fay lart, I utterly abhor and 
 
 " deteft all herelies. And as concerning the fupper of our 
 
 " Lord, I believe fo much as Chriil hath faid therein, which 
 
 " he confirmed with his moft blelfed bloud. I believe alfo as 
 
 " much as he willed me to follow, and believe fo much as 
 
 *' the catholick church of him doth teach. For I will not 
 
 *' forfake the commandment of his holy lips. But look what 
 
 ■" God hath charged iwc with his mouth, that have I ihut-up 
 
 " in my heart : And thus briefly I end for lack of learning 
 
 " Anne Afkew." 
 
 Then 
 
5ro MEMOIRSOF 
 
 Then flie proceeds to give an account of her examination 
 and inhumane treatment after her departure from Newgate in 
 the following words. 
 
 " On Tuefday I was fent from Newgate to the fign of the 
 ' Crown, where Mr. Rich and the Bifliop of London with all 
 
 * their power and flattering words went about to perfwade me 
 ' from God : But I did not efteem their gloffing pretences. 
 
 " Then came there to me Nic. Shaxton, and counfelled 
 ' me to recant as he had done. I faid to him that it had 
 ' been good for him never to have been born, with many 
 ' other like words. Then Mr. Rich fent me to the Tower, 
 ' where I remained till three o'Clock. 
 
 " Then came Rich and one of the counfel charging me 
 
 * upon my obedience, to fliew unto them if I knew any man 
 ' or woman of my feft. My anfwer was, that I knew none, 
 ' Then they aflced me of my lady Suffolk, my lady of SufTex, 
 ' my lady of Hertford, my lady Denny, and my lady Fitz- 
 ' Williams, I faid if I fliould pronounce any thing againft 
 ' them, that I were not able to prove it. Then faid they 
 ' unto me, that the King was informed that I could name if 
 ' I would, a great number of my fecfl, I anfwered that the 
 ' King was as well deceived in that behalf, as diffembled with 
 ' in other matters." 
 
 And after fome other difcourfe fhe adds. 
 
 " Then they put me on the rack, becaufe I confefTed no 
 ' ladies or gentlewomen to be of my opinion, and thereon 
 ' they kept me a long time. And becaufe I lay ftill and did 
 ' not cry, my lord Chancellor, and Mr. Rich, took pain to 
 ' rack me with their own hands till I was well nigh dead. " 
 
 " Then 
 
A N N E A S K E W. 71 
 
 " Then the lieutenant caufed me to be loofed from the 
 " rack. Incontinently } Ivvooned, and then they recovered 
 " me again. After that I fat two long hours reafoning with 
 " my Lord Chancellor, upon the bare floor, whereas he with 
 " many flattering words, perfwaded me to leave my opinions. 
 " But my Lord God (I thank, his everlafting goodnefs) gave 
 " me grace to perfevere, and will do (I hope) to the end. 
 
 " Then I was brought to an houfe, and laid in a bed, with 
 " as weary and painful bones as ever had patient Job, I thank 
 " my Lord God therefore. Then my lord chancellor lent me 
 " word if I would leave my opinions, I Ihould want nothing : 
 " But if I would not, I lliould forthwith to Newgate, and 
 " fo be burned, I fent him again word, that I would rather 
 " die, than to break my faith. 
 
 " Thus the Lord open the eyes of their blind hearts, that 
 " the truth may take place, &c. 
 
 It may not be amifs to give a larger account of the manner 
 of her racking in the tower as it is defcribed by Mr. Fox ''. 
 
 " Firfl: (fays he) (lie was led down into a dungeon, where 
 
 " Sir Anthony Knevet the lieutenant commanded his goaler to 
 
 " pinch her with the rack. Which being done fd much as 
 
 " he thought fufticient, he went about to take her down, fup- 
 
 " pofing he had done enough. But Wrifley the chancellor 
 
 " not contented that fhe was loofed fo foon confefling nothing,. 
 
 " commanded the heutenant to ftrein her on the rack again, 
 
 " Which becaufe he denyed to do, tendering the wcaknefs 
 
 " of the woman, he was threatned therefore grievoufly of the 
 
 " laid Wrifley, laying that he would flgnify his difobedience 
 
 * Afts and Mon. p. 1239. Ed. 1583. 
 
 " unto 
 
72 MEMOIRSOF* 
 
 " unto the King : And fo confequently upon the fame, he 
 "' and Mr. Rich throwing off their gowns, would needs play 
 " the tormenters themfelves : Firfl afking her if ihe were with 
 " child. To whom fhe anfwering again, faid -, ye fhall not 
 " need to fpare for that, but do your wills upon me : and fo 
 " quietly and patiently praying unto the lord ; fhe abode their 
 " tyranny, 'till her bones and joints were almoft pluckt afun- 
 " der, in fuch fort, as flie was carried away in a chair '. 
 " When the racking was paft, Wrifley and his fellow took 
 " their horfe toward the court. 
 
 " In the mean while they were making their way by land, 
 " the good lieutenant eftfoones taking boat fpedde him in all 
 " hafte to the court to fpeak with the King before the other, 
 " and fo did. Who there makinc; his humble fute to the 
 " King defired his pardon, and fliewed him the whole mat- 
 " ter as it ftood, and of the racking of Mrs. Aflvew, and how 
 " he was threatned by my lord chancellor, becaufe at his 
 " commandment, not knowing his highneffes pleafure he re- 
 " fufed to rack her ; which he for compalTion could not find 
 " in liis heart to do, and therefore humbly craved his highnefs 
 " pardon : which when the King had underftood, he feemed 
 " not very well to like of the extreme handling of the woman, 
 
 • This baibavity occafioned Bale to " taketh here upon hym the moft \'}'lc 
 
 break out into the tollowiiig exclamation. " ofTyce of an hangemanandpulleth atthe 
 
 " Marke here an example moft wonder- " racke moft vyilanouflye. O Wrifleye 
 
 " full, and fe how madlye in their ragynge " and Riche two falfe chriftianes .i blaf- 
 
 " furyes, men forget themfelves and lofe " phcmoufe apo^ates from God. What 
 
 " their' rvght wittes liow a dayes. A " chaplayne of the pope hath inchauntej 
 
 " Kvnges hygh couuceller, a judge over " yow, or what dcvyll of iielle beNi^vtcheJ 
 
 " lyi'e and deaths,' yea, a lordo chaunc>;l- " yow, to e.^ccuce upo.i a poore con- 
 
 " lour of a moft noble realme is now be- " demned v.'oman, fo prodyg\oufe a 
 
 " Oon-ie a moil vyle flavc for Antichrift, " kyiidc of tyrannye ? S:C." Vii>. his 
 
 " and a nioil ciucll tormentoure. With- Elucydacyou on part the feoond, ^c. fol. 
 
 " out all d) frrejryon, honefiye, or man- 45. 
 
 hode, he caileth of hys gowne, and 
 
 and 
 
ANNE ASKEW. 
 
 71 
 
 " and alfo granted to the lieutenant his pardon, willing him 
 
 " to return and fee to his charge. 
 
 " Great cxpedlation was in the mean feafon among the 
 
 " Warders and other officers of the Tower, waiting for his 
 
 " return : whom when they faw come fo chearfully, declar- 
 
 " ing unto them how he had fped with the King, they were 
 
 " not a little joyous, and gave thanks to God therefore." 
 
 A Report being fpread about that Hie had recanted; flic 
 wrote a letter to John Lafcels, a gentleman who had been her 
 Tutor '', upon this occafion : Alfo a purgation or anfwer to 
 acquit herfelf of this falfe and flanderous charge : Botli which 
 are printed in Mr. Fox's Adls and Monuments of the Church. 
 TJie ConfeiTion which flie made in Newgate before flie 
 fuftered. 
 
 *' I Anne Afkew of good memory, although my merci- 
 ful father, hath given me the bread of adverfity, and the 
 water of trouble ; yet not fo much as my fins have deferved; 
 confefs myfelf liere a finner before the throne of his heaven- 
 ly Majefty, defiring his forgivenefs and mercy. And forfo- 
 much as I am by the law unrighteoufly condemned for an 
 evil doer concerning opinions, I take the fame mod merci- 
 ful God of mine, which hath made both heaven and earth, 
 to record, that I hold no opinions contrary to his holy word. 
 And I truft in my merciful lord which is the giver of all 
 grace that he will gracioufly affift me igainil all evil opinions, 
 which are contrary to his bleiTed verity. For I take him to 
 witnefs, that I have done, and v>-ill do unto my lives end, 
 utterly abhor them to the utcermoll of my power. 
 
 '' So I find it obferv'd by Bale in his conclufion to her fecond exaniination, fol. 67. 
 
 L " But 
 
74 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 " But this is the herefy which they report me to hold, that 
 " after the priefl hath fpoken the words of confecration, there 
 " remaineth bread flill. They both fay, and alfo teach it for 
 " a neceffary article of faith, that after thefe words be once 
 " fpoken, there remaineth no bread, but even the felf fame 
 " body that hung upon die crofs on Good Friday, both flefli 
 " bloud and bone. To this behef of theirs, fay I nay : For 
 " then were our common crede falfe, which faith, that he 
 " fitteth at the right hand of God the father almighty, and 
 " from thence fhall come to judge the quick and the dead. 
 " Loe, this is the herefy that I hold, and for it muft faffer the 
 " death. But as touching the holy and bleffed fupper of the 
 " Lord, I believe it to be a moft neceffary remembrance of 
 " his glorious fufferings and death. Moreover I believe as 
 " much therein, as my eternal and only redeemer Jefus Chrift 
 " would I fhould believe. 
 
 " Finally, I believe all thofe fcriptures to be true, which 
 " he hath confirmed with his precious bloud. Yea, and St. 
 " Paul faith, thofe fcriptures are fufficient for our learning 
 " and falvation, that Chrift hath left here with us : fo that I 
 " believe we need no unwritten verities to rule his church with. 
 " Therefore look what he hath faid unto me with his own 
 " mouth in his holy Gofpel, tliat have I with God's grace 
 " clofed up in my heart, and my ful truft is (as David faith) 
 " that it fhall be a lantern unto my foot fteps. Plalm 28. 
 
 " There be feme do fay that I deny the Eucharift or Sa- 
 " crament of thankfgiving : but thefe people do untruly re- 
 " port of me. For I both fay and believe it, that, if it were 
 " order'd like as Chrift inftituted it and left it, a moft fm- 
 " gular Comfort it were unto us all. But as concerning your 
 " Mais as it is now ufed in our Days, I do fay and believe 
 " it to be the moft abominable idol that is in the world : for 
 
 " my 
 
 i 
 
A N N E A S K E W. -j^ 
 
 " my God will not be eaten with teeth, neither dieth he a- 
 " gain. And upon thele words that I have now fpoken 
 " will I fuffer death." 
 
 Her PRAYER. 
 
 " O Lord, I have more enemies now, than there are hairs 
 " on my head. Yet Lord, let them never overcome me with 
 *' vain words, but figlit thou. Lord, in my flead, for on thee 
 " cafl I my care. With all the Tpight they can imagine, 
 " they fall upon mc, which am thy poor creature. Yet fweet 
 " Lord, let me not fet by them which are againfl: me, for in 
 " thee is my whole delight. And Lord I heartily defire of 
 " thee that thou wilt of thy mod merciful Goodnefs forgive 
 " them that violence which they do, and have done to me. 
 " Open alfo thou their blind hearts, that they may hereafter 
 " do that thing which is acceptable before thee, and to fet 
 " forth thy verity aright, without all vain fantafies of finful 
 " men. So be it. O Lord, fo be it." 
 
 We are informed by Mr, John Loud, a gentleman of good 
 repute, who was an eye witnefs, ' that the day before her exe- 
 cution, and the fime day alfo, there appeared fuch a ferenity 
 and fweetnefs in her countenance, that her fice feemed as 
 it bad been the face of an angel; notwithftanding her body 
 was then mangled and disjointed in fuch a manner by the 
 rack, that (lie could not ftand without being fupported by 
 two ferjeants. Such are the happy effcds of innoceiicy, and 
 of a righteous caufe ; that to thofe who fuffer therein, death 
 no longer appears to be the king of terrors j but is diLrmcd, 
 
 ' Vid. Strype's Ecclefiaftical Memorials, vol. i. pag. 388. 
 
 L 2 not 
 
76 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 not only of the power to hurt, but even to affiight. And 
 tho' he came to her in fuch a manner as might have feemed 
 very dreadful to others ; yet he appeared as amiable in her 
 liglit, as fhe did in the eyes of the better fort of the Spectators. 
 
 Being brought to the flake, the apoftate Shaxton preached 
 a fermon to her, and her fellow martyrs "". When he fpakc 
 well flie commended him ; when othervvife, flie told him he 
 fpake amifs. 
 
 Tlien Lord Chancellor Wrifley fent letters to Mrs, Afkew, 
 offering her the King's pardon, if flie would recant. But 
 ilie refufing to look upon them, returned this anfwer ; that 
 file cime not thither to deny her Lord and Mafler, The fame 
 letters were likewife tendered to the other three, who in like 
 manner, following her conftancy, denied not only to receive 
 them, but alfo to look upon them. Whereupon, the lord 
 mayor commanding fire to be put to them, cry'd with a loud 
 voice, fiat juftitia. And fire being put to the faggots, flie fur- 
 rendered up her pious foul to God in the midft of the flames 
 on the fixteenth day of July ° 1 546, about the twenty fifth 
 year of her age. 
 
 Thus was this excellent woman burnt for her fteddy ad- 
 herence to the truth of the Gofpel, by men, who either did 
 not underftand, or elfe wilfully perverted the fenfe of the fa- 
 cred writings, to the deftrudion of the fervants of God, and, 
 as it is to be feared, to their own ftill greater difadvantage. 
 That this woman may juflly be reckoned in the number of 
 thofe fervants, appears from a moft remarkable teftimony given 
 
 ■" John Lafcels a gentleman belonging But Bp. Bale in his Centwys, Fol. Ed. p. 
 
 to the court: Nicholas Belenian (or Otter- 670: And Bp. Tanner in \n% Bibliotheca, 
 
 den as Stowe calls him) a prieft of Shrop- p. 53, both fay that (he was burnt on the 
 
 (hire : and John Adams, Taylor. fixteenth day of July. 
 
 Fox faith about the month of June. 
 
 of 
 
A N N E A S K E W. -jj 
 
 of her piety, even by a zealous Roman Catholick, which I 
 will here add in the very words of my author ; as an acknow- 
 ledgment coming from fuch hands, mull be allowed to be an 
 LUiexceptionable difproof of the afperlions of the before men- 
 tioned Jefuit, and may fliew how little regard ought to be 
 paid to any charadlers he has drawn of proteftants. 
 
 " This good Gentlewoman being a pcrfon of great quick- 
 " nefs and learning as well as religion, fomewhat before her 
 " imprifonment lodged at an houfe over againft the Temple. 
 '• A great papill of Wickham College, called Wadloe, a 
 " curfitor of the chancery, hot in his religion, and thinking 
 " not wtU of her life, got himfelf lodged by her at the next 
 " houfe. For what purpofe, faith my author, I need not 
 " open to the wife reader. But the conclufion was, that when 
 " he came to fpeak evil of her, he gave her the praifc to Sir 
 *' Lionel Throgmorton, for the devoutefl and godlieft woman 
 " that ever he knew. For, laid he, at midnight flie bc- 
 " ginneth to pray, and ceafeth not in many hours after, when 
 " I and others applied to fleep, or to work." 
 
 Bale tells us ° that " he was credibly informed by divers 
 " Dutch merchants who were prefent at her martyrdom, that 
 " in the time of their fufferings, the fky fuddenly altered its 
 " colour, and the clouds from above gave a thunder clap not 
 " unlike to that which is written, Pfalm 76, 8." •". A cir- 
 cumftance this, wliich the compiler of thefe memoirs would 
 willingly have omitted, being refolved not to deliver any thing 
 as matter of fadl, which has the leaft appearance of being 
 fidlitious J but that it ferves to explain the defign of the cut 
 which fhews her martyrdom in Fox's Adts and Monuments of 
 
 » In his Elucidation, &:c. Fol. 67. EccUfiaflical Memorials, pages 386 and 
 
 * See what Mr. Stry'pe has given us 388. 
 upon this occafton in the I. Vol. of his 
 
 the 
 
78 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 the church, and which has fo unjuftly given ofFence to fome 
 Roman CathoUcks, imagining, becaufe Fox is filent of this 
 fadl in his hiftory, that he added it by his own authority. 
 
 While fhe was in Newgate, Ihe made what fhe call'd a 
 Ballade, which begins thus % 
 
 Lyke as the armed Knyght 
 Appointed to the Fielde ; 
 With this World will I fight 
 And fayth fhall be my Shield. 
 
 And having recounted her bitter conflicts, and firm truft in 
 God, the only comfort flie had in her afflidlions ; fhe con- 
 cludes with thefe charitable and truly chriftian lines. 
 
 Yet lorde I thee defyre 
 For that they do to me 
 Lete them not tafte the hyre 
 Of their inyquyte. 
 
 1 This Ballade may be feen entire at the end of her fecond examination, pub- 
 lidi'd by Bale. 
 
79 
 
 Q^ U E E N 
 
 KATHERINE PARR, 
 
 WA S born about the beginning of the reign of King 
 Henry the eighth. She was the eldeft of the two 
 daughters of Sir Thomas Parr of Kendall ', by dame Maud 
 his Wife ; who following the example of Sir Thomas More, 
 and other great men, beftowed on her a learned education, as 
 the mofl valuable addition he could make to her other charms : 
 and ilie made fuch advances in literature as fully anfwered his 
 expedtations ; infomuch, that flie foon became celebrated for 
 her learning and good fcnfe ; and very juilly, as will appear 
 from the good ufes flie made of it, in employing it to the beft 
 purpofes through every ftage of her life. 
 
 She was firft mirried to John Nevil Lord Latymer : and 
 after hi? deceafe, notwithftanding her widowhood, fuch were 
 
 ' By his la*^ will, dated November the 
 9th, ir lie 9th of Henry VIII. he gave 
 his dai.^nrcrs Katherine ana Anne, eight 
 hundred pounds between them ; except 
 they proved t > be his hciis, or his fon's 
 heirs ; and then the/ fhould not. But 
 willed the frid monies to be laid out for 
 copes and veftmcnts, to be given to the 
 houfe of CUr-vauje, &c. and an hundred 
 
 pounds to be bellowed upon the chantry 
 of Kendall. He willed his Ion ^Villi:un to 
 have his great chain, woriii -jr.i hundred 
 and forty pounds, which the king's grace 
 gave him. He made Maud his wife, and 
 Dr. Tunftal, mailer of thj roll;, cxerutors. 
 This will was proved in the year 1517. 
 Vid. Strype's edition of Stonn-e's Survey of 
 Lcndon, book 3d, pag. 181. 
 
 her 
 
So M E M O I R S O F 
 
 I'.cr pcrfeclions 'ooth of body and mind, as attrafted the af- 
 fcdions of King Henry fo powerfully, that fhe was married to 
 him at Hampton Court on the twelfth of July 1543. 
 
 She always took great delight in converfing with the facred 
 writings, and fearching after divine truths ; which confequently 
 foon diffipated the clouds of ignorance and fuperllition, and 
 fet before her in a clear light the true fpirit of the gofpel. 
 She feems indeed, to have been of a very pious difpoiuion 
 from her infancy, as appears from a book of her own compo- 
 fition, which I fliall mention by and by; but then the religious 
 duties which flie fo carefully praftifed in her youth were ac- 
 cording to the blind devotion of that age ; and thofe errors (he 
 not only retraced afterwards, but made abundant compenfa- 
 tion for them, by forwarding the reformation, and advancing 
 and encouraging the proteftant caufe. She purfued thofe good 
 defigns as far as the mutable and perverfe difpofition of an ar- 
 biti'ary prince, and the iniquity of the times would admit ; 
 and even farther then flie could do, without expofmg herfelf 
 . to the utmoft danger : for though thefe laudable attempts were 
 carried on with all proper prudence, and as much fecrecy as 
 the nature of the thing would admit of; yet they were ma- 
 licioufly obferved by Stephen Gardiner, bifliop of Winchefler; 
 who, with chancellor Wriothefley and others, confpired againft 
 her fo artfully, that at length, having drawn up articles, they 
 got a warrant fubfcribed with the King's own hand to remove 
 her to the tower ; which being accidentally dropt, was hap- 
 pily found by one who conveyed it to her majefty. The fight 
 of it, and the thoughts of the hard fate of other queens 
 threw her into a violent diforder, which confined her to her 
 Bed. The King hearing of her illnefs, made her a very kind 
 and feafonable viiit ; fpoke all the comfortable things imagina- 
 ble to her ; and fent her one of his phyficians (Dr. Wendy 
 
 as 
 
KATHERINE PARR; 8i 
 
 as is believed) to take care of her health. The Dr. it feems 
 was privy to the defign ; and guefled from outward fymptoms 
 the caufe of the Queen's indifpofition ; fo that well knowing 
 her Angular prudence, relying upon her fidelity, he ventured 
 to open the fecret to her. The King being at that time a little 
 indifpofed, the Dr. advifed the Queen by all means to chear 
 up and recruit her drooping fpirits ; and to make his Majefty a 
 vifit ; not doubting but that by her good fenfe and prudent 
 management, flie might avert the impending danger. The 
 Queen was guided by the doftcr's advice, and foon after 
 made his Majefty a vifit, attended only by her fifler the lady 
 Harbert, and the lady Lane. She found him fitting and talk- 
 ing with certain gentlemen of his chamber. The King fcem- 
 ed pleafed with her vifit, and aeidreffcd her in a very obliging 
 manner ; and breaking off his difcourfe with his attendants, 
 he began of his own accord, contrai'y to his ufual cuftom» 
 to confer with lier about matters of religion ; feeming as it 
 were, defirous to be refolved by the Queen of certain doubts, 
 which he then offered to her : The Queen inftantly perceiving 
 the tendency of his difcourfe, anfwered with great humility 
 and fubmiflion. 
 
 " YourMajefiy doth know right well, neither I my felf am 
 " ignorant what great imperfedion and weaknefs by our firft 
 " creation, is allotted to us women, to be ordained and ap- 
 " pointed as infcriour and fiibjcdl unto Man as our head ; from 
 *' which head all our direction ought to proceed : and that 
 *' as God made man to his own fliape and likenefs, whereby 
 " he being indued with more fpecial gifts of perfecflion, might 
 " rather be ilired to the contemplation of heavenly things, and 
 " to the earneft endeavour to obey his commandments : even 
 " fo alfo made he woman of man, of whom, and by whom 
 
 M " flae 
 
S2 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 flie is to be governed, commanded and direded. Whofe 
 womanly weaknefs and natural imperfeftion, ouglit to be 
 tolerated, aided and born withall, fo that by his wifdom 
 fuch things as be wanting in her, ought to be fupply'd. 
 " Since therefore that God hath appointed iixcli a natural 
 difference between Man and woman, and your Majefty be- 
 ing fo excellent in giftes and ornaments of wifdom, and I a 
 fimple poor woman, fo much inferiour in all refpedts of nature 
 unto you: how then cometh it now to pafs that your majefty 
 in fuch diffufe Caufes of religion, will feem to require my 
 judgment ? which when I have uttered, and faid what I 
 can, yet muft I, and will I, refer my judgment in this and 
 all other cafes to your Majefties wifdom, as my only anchor, 
 fupream head, and governour here in earth next under God, 
 " to lean unto." 
 
 " Not fo, by St. Mary, reply'd the King, you are become 
 a docflor, Kate, to inftrud us (as we take it) and not to 
 be inftrudted or diredted by us." 
 
 " If your Majefty take it fo (lays the Queen) then hath 
 your Majefty very much miftaken me, who have ever 
 been of the opinion, to think it very unfeemly and prepof- 
 terous for the woman to take upon her the office of an in- 
 ftrudlor or teacher to her lord and huft)and, but rather to 
 learn of her hufband,and to be taught by him. And where 
 I have with your Majefty's leave prefumed heretofore to 
 difcourfe with your Majefty, in which I have fometimes 
 feem'd to diff^nt from you : I did it not fo much to main- 
 tain my opinion, as to minifter difcourfe, not onely to the 
 end that your Majefty might with lefs grief pafs over this 
 painful time of your infirmity, by this kind of engagement ; 
 which I fincied might afford you fome relief: But alfo that 
 I Jiearing jour Majefties learned arguments^ might from 
 
 " tlience 
 
KATHERINE PARR. 83 
 
 ** thence gain to my felf great advantage. And I affure your 
 " Majefty I have not milled any part of my defired end in 
 " that behalf; always refering my felf in all fuch matters 
 " unto your Majefty, as by ordinance of nature it is conveni- 
 " ent for me to do." 
 
 " And is it even (o fweet heart (faid the King) and tended 
 " your arguments to no v^'orfe an end ? Then are we now 
 " perfeft friends again, as ever we were before. And as 
 " he fat in his chair embracing her in his amies, and fa- 
 " luting her, he faid. That it did him more good at 
 " that time to hear thofc words from her own mouth, 
 " than if he had heard preient news of an hundred thou- 
 " find pounds in money fallen to him." And having 
 entertained the Queen and Attendants with fome diverting 
 converfation, it being very late in the night, he gave her 
 leave to depart : and in her abfence he gave her the higheft 
 commendation. 
 
 The day, and almofl: the hour appointed being come, in 
 which the Queen was to be convey'd to the Tower, the King 
 went into his garden, with only two gentlemen of the bed- 
 chamber, and fent for the Queen; who inftantly came to wait 
 upon his Majefty, attended by Lady Harbert, Lady Lane, and 
 Lady TjTwhyt; who were all to have been apprehended with 
 the Queen. The King feem'd in high fpirits, and entertain'd 
 them with all the gaiety imaginable. But in the midft of their 
 mirth, the Lord Chancellor approaches his M.jcHy's prefence 
 with forty of the King's guard at his heels. The King look'd 
 upon him with a very Itern countenance, and walking a fmall 
 diftance from the Queen, called the chancellor to him ; who 
 upon his knees fpoke foftly to his Majefty. The King in great 
 anger called him knave, errant knave, beaft and fool, and 
 commanded him to depart out of his prefence inftantly. Af- 
 
 M 2 ter 
 
S4 MEMOIRS OF QJJ E E N 
 
 ter his departure the King immediately return'd to the 
 Queen, who perceiving him to be much chagrin'd, ufed ail 
 the charms of her eloquence to foften his difpleafure ; hum- 
 bly intreating his Majefty, if his fault were not too heinous, 
 to pardon him for her fake. 
 
 " Ah poor foul (fays the King) thou Httle knowefl how 
 " evil he deferveth this grace at thy hands. Of my word 
 " fweet heart he hath been toward thee an arrant knave, and 
 *' fo let him go." To which the Queen anfwered very cha- 
 ritably '. 
 
 Thus remarkably did divine providence proted: and defend 
 her at that time, agalnfi: the fnares and malice of her ene- 
 mies ; and delivered her from this imminent danger: which be- 
 ing happily prevented, flie pafled fafely through the remaining 
 part of this tempeftuous reign. 
 
 This dreadful alarm feems to have awakened all the divine 
 faculties of her foul ; and to have put her upon employing 
 her thoughts in pious meditations and prayer, and upon mak- 
 ing due preparation for eternity. 
 
 She faw plainly enough that the principles of religion which 
 fhe had iirft learned did not correfpond with holy writ. But 
 tho' fhe had a confiderable fhare of learning joined to an ex- 
 cellent underftanding ; her great modefty v/ould not permit 
 them to be her only guide in matters of fo great importance ; 
 for fhe kept feveral eminent divines conflantly with her to folve 
 her doubts, and to inflrudl her in the true religion. With 
 thofe learned men (who were her chaplains) fhe ufed to have 
 private conferences as often as opportunity would permit, about 
 the dodrine of tlie reformation, and the abufes which were 
 
 ■> Thofe who have an inclination to fee fult the Aifts and Monuments of the 
 a larger account of this afFait, may con- Church, pag. 1422, &c. Ed. 1570. 
 
 then 
 
KATHERINE PARR. 85 
 
 then crept into the cinirch : but particuhirly in Lent, every 
 day in the arternoon flic had a fermon preached to her in her 
 chamber, which generally lafled about an hour : at which 
 time the ladies and gentlewomen of her privy chamber, and 
 others were there who were dilpofed to hear. To all this 
 ilie added great application and induftry in itudying books of 
 divinity ; particularly the holy fcriptures. Being thus qualified, 
 ilie began to commit fome of her own thoughts to writing. 
 Her firft compofition feems to have been that intitled, Slucen 
 Kutherine Pc.rre' s lamentation of a fmncr^ bewailing the igno- 
 rance of her blind life. London, 1548, and 1563, odlavo. 
 This difcoiu-fe was found among her papers after her death ; 
 ^nd was pubhflied by Secrctarv Cecil, who prefixt to it a pre- 
 face of his own writing. In it flie acknowledges with great 
 fmcerity the finful courfe of her life for many years, in which 
 iTie relying on external performances, fuch as fajh and pil~ 
 griniages, was all that while a ftranger to the internal and true 
 power of religion : which fhe came afterwards to feel by the 
 fludy of the fcripture, and the calling upon God for the af- 
 fiftancc of that holy fpirit by whofe diredlion they were writ- 
 ten. She explains clearly the notion flie had of juftificatioij 
 by fliith, fo that holinefs necefllirily followed upon it ', 
 
 She alfo compofed many pfalms, prayers and pious dif- 
 courfes, which flie her felf publifli'd. Thofe books being ex- 
 ceeding fcarce, the reader will be obliged to Mr. Strype for tlie 
 following account of them. The devotions of this good Queea 
 •(fays that indefatigable author) confifled of pfalms and prayers. 
 The pfalms were in number fifteen, of good length eacli, made 
 in imitation of David's pfalms ; being digefted into verlicles. 
 Whereof many were excerptions out of the book of pfalms, 
 
 * Yid. Bp Burnet's Hill, of the Reformat. Part z. Book i. p.ig. 97, 
 
 and 
 
86 MEMOIRS OF QJJ E E N 
 
 and other places of fcripture. Each pfahn had Its proper 
 fubjedl. The firft was Fcr obtaining Remijjlon of Sins : he- 
 ginning " O Lord of Lords, God almighty, great and dread- 
 " ful ; which by thy word haft made heaven, earth, the fea, 
 " and all things contained in them, 
 
 " Nothing is able to refift thy power : thy mercy is over 
 " all thy works. 
 
 " All things be under thy dominion and rule, both man 
 " and beaft, and all living creatures. 
 
 " Thou art merciful to whom thou wilt, and haft com- 
 *' paflion on whom it pleafeth thee, &c. 
 
 The fecond pfalm alfo was For rcniijfion of Sins : be- 
 ginning, 
 
 " O moft mighty God of angels and men ; whofe judg- 
 •' ments be unfearchable, and whofe wifdom is profound and 
 •' deep : 
 
 " Hear the prayers of thy fervant, and caft not away the 
 " humble fuit of thy poor creature and handy-work, &c. 
 
 The third pfalm was For remifion of fns alfo. The 
 4th, A complaint of a penitent fmner ivhich is fore t}~cubled, 
 and overcome ivith fns. The fifth. For obtaining of godly 
 ivifdom. Tlie fixth, A chrifian 7na7i prayeth that he may be 
 healed of God. The feventh. For an order and direSiion of good 
 living. The eighth, A chrifiian prayeth that he may be deli- 
 vered from his enemies. The ninth, Againft enc7nies. Tlie 
 tenth. When enemies be fo cnicl that he cannot fi/ffcr them. The 
 eleventh. Of confidence and triift in God. The twelfth. If God 
 defer to help long time. The thirteenth. In ivhich he gives 
 thanks to God that his eiiemaes have not gotten the over-hand of 
 him. The fourteenth. In 'which the goodnefs of God is praifed. 
 The fifteenth. Of the benefits ofGody with thanks for the fame. 
 To which were fubjoined the twenty-firft pfalm, intitled, 
 
 "The 
 
KATHERINE PARR. 87 
 
 75&^ complaint of Chrijl on the Crcfs, and a pfalm of tlunkf- 
 giving. 
 
 Tlien followed the book of prayer : intitled, Prayers or 
 meditations^ wherein the mind is Jlirred patienth to fuffer all 
 -iiffliBions here ; and to fct at nought the vain prosperity of this 
 Ivor Id; atid akvay to long for everlci/iing felicity : collefted out 
 of holy works by the mojl vert nous and gracious Katherine, 
 ^een of England, France and Ireland, A. D. 1545,410. 1561, 
 lamo." Thefc prayers were all digefted, as were the pfalms 
 aforefaid into verficles and fentences, and contain a great deal 
 of true piety and devotion, fenfe of God, and dependance on 
 him, and many of them excellently fuited to her own condi- 
 tion. Then follow two prayers for the King, and for men to 
 fay entering battle. Which latter I make no doubt the Queen 
 compofed upon the King's expedition into France with a great 
 Army, when flic was left Regent at home. In the faid prayer 
 file had this truly pious petition, *' Our caufe being now jufl:, 
 " and being enforced to enter into war and battle, we moll 
 " humbly befeech thee, O Lord God of Hofts, fo to turn 
 " the hearts of our enemies to the defire of peace, that no 
 ■*' chriflian blood be fpilt ; or elfe, grant O Lord, that with 
 " fmall effulion of blood, and to the little hurt and damage 
 " of innocents, we may to thy glory obtain vidory. And 
 " that the wars being foon ended, we may all with one heart 
 " and mind knit together in concord and unity, laud and 
 " praife thee, &c." The next is a devout prayer to be daily 
 faid, together with one or two more. 
 
 There was alfo printed another piece of the devout ftudies 
 of this good Queen, intitled, A goodly expofition of the ffty-frfl 
 
 " There is an edition of the prayers and prior to thefc. 'Tis in fmall 8vo; no date 
 •ancditations alone in the Bodleian library, or printer's name. Contains 31 leaves. 
 
 pfnbj\ 
 
88 MEMOIRS OF QJT E E N 
 
 pfalm, which Hi erom of Ferrary made at the latter end of hh 
 days. Which I fuppofe flie tranflated into Englifli, beginning, 
 " Wretch that I am, comfortlefs and forfaken of all men, 
 '' which have offended both heaven and earth, &c. Then fol- 
 low in conclufion, other things, as Of faith : The power of 
 faith : The work of faith : Good works : The prayer of the 
 prophet Daniel. 
 
 The number as well as the piety of thefe compofitions fuf- 
 ficiently fliew how much of her time and thoughts, amidft all 
 the bufmefs and ceremonies of her ftation was employed in 
 order to fecure her own eternal happinefs ; and implanting the 
 feeds of piety and virtue in the minds of her people. And 
 as flie very well knew how far good learning was fubfervient 
 to thefe great ends ; fo fhe ufed her utmoft endeavours for the 
 eftablifliment and improvement of it. For, as Mr. Strype 
 obferves," when the a<5l was made, that all colleges, chantries, 
 and free chapels fliould be in the king's difpolal ; the Univer- 
 fity of Cambridge laboured under terrible apprehenfions : and 
 well knowing the Queen's great affeftion to learning, they ad- 
 drefs'd their letters to her, by Dr. Smith (afterwards Sir Tho- 
 mas Smith the learned fecretary qf ftate to King Edward) in 
 which they intreated her Majefty to intercede with the King 
 for their colleges ; which flie effedlually performed. And 
 wrote to them in anfwer, " That fhe had attempted for the ftay 
 " of their pofTeflions : and that notwithftanding his Majeflies 
 " property and intereft to them, by virtue of that a6t of par- 
 " liament, he was, fhe faid, fuch a patron to good learning, 
 *' that he would rather advance and eredl new occafion thereof, 
 " than confound thofe their colleges. So that learning might 
 " aicribe her very original, as well as confervation and flay, 
 
 * Hillorical Memorials, vol. z. p. 133. 
 
 " unto 
 
KATHERINEPARR. 89 
 
 " unto him, &c." And in the fame letter flie exhorts them 
 " not to thirft after profane learning and forget chriftianity 
 " in the mean time ; as though the Greek Univerfity of Athens 
 " were tranfpofed into England, Since their excellency did 
 " only attain to moral and natural things. But flie admo- 
 " nifhed them fo to ftudy thofe do<ftrines that they might 
 " ferve as means towards the attaining, and better fetting forth 
 " of Chrift's moft facred dodtrine. That it might not be 
 " laid againil them at the tribunal feat of God, how they 
 *' were afliamed of Chrift's dodtrine. That ihe hoped, that 
 " in their feveral vocuions, they would apply themfelves fin- 
 " cerely to the fetting it forth ; and that they would conform 
 " their fundry gifts, arts and fludics to fuch end that Cam- 
 " bridge might be accounted rather an Univerfity of divine 
 " philofophy, than natural or moral." 
 
 This fo latisfadtory an anfwer to the petition of the Univer- 
 fity of Cambridge, flicws as well the great influence fhe had 
 over the King, as the good ufc llie made of it. Nor can the 
 reader fail of obferving from the latter part of her anfwer how 
 well fhe deferved his Majefly's favour. She defervcd every 
 inftance of it Hie could aflc for ! for, next to the fludics of the 
 holy Scriptures, and performing the dutids and fervice injoined 
 by them ; flie feems to have made it her principal care to be 
 obfequious to his will. And as that part of his life which it 
 fell to her lot to fhare with him, was attended with almofl 
 continual indifpofitions ; fo his ill health joined fuch a fierccnefs 
 of manners to his former intradlable difpofition, as rendered it 
 a tafk extremely difficult, even for his prime flivourites to 
 make themfolves agreeabk to him, and retain his eflcem : yet, 
 fuch were the amiable qualitiefc of this Queen, that by a moft 
 obliging tendernefs, and charming turn of converfation, flie 
 not only preferved his aifcdlion under all his pain and ficknefs ; 
 
 N but 
 
90 MEMOIRS OF QJJ E E N 
 
 but greatly contributed to the alleviation of them ; which fo 
 cemented the King's afFedlions, and fixed her fo firmly in his 
 good graces, that after the bifhop of Winchefter was known 
 to have been difappointed in his fcheme, none of her adver- 
 faries durft make any attempts againft her. 
 
 As a confirmation of what I have faid concerning this lady's 
 extraordinary virtues, and of the true fenfe which the King 
 had of them, I will here exhibit the laft teftimony of his 
 affedlion to her from his will which bears date December the 
 3 oth, 1 546, but one month before his deceafe ; which is as 
 follows. 
 
 " — And for the great Love, Obedience, chaftttefs of Life^ 
 " and Wifdom, being in our forefaid Wife and ^een, we be- 
 " queath unto her for her proper ufe, and as it fhall pleafe 
 " her to order it three thoufand pounds in plate, jewels, and 
 " fluff of houfliold, befides fuch apparel as it fliall pleafe her 
 " to take, as fhe hath already ; and further, we give unto her 
 " one thoufand pounds in money with the enjoying of her 
 " dowry and joynture, according to our grant by adl of 
 " parliament." ' 
 
 Her great zeal for the reformation, and earnefl: defire to 
 have the fcriptures underftood by the common people, put her 
 upon procuring feveral learned perfons to tranllate Erafmus's 
 Paraphrafe on the New Teftament, into the Englifh tongue for 
 the fervice of the publick. And this flie did at her own 
 great expence, notwithftanding it has been attributed to arch- 
 bifliop Cranmer and others ''. She engaged lady Mary (after- 
 wards Queen) in tranflating the paraphrafe on St. John : upon 
 
 * A complete copy of the will may be Hiftories. 
 feen in Dr. Fuller and Dr. Heylin's church y Vid. Grafton's Chronicle, p. 1289. 
 
 which 
 
KATHERINE PARR. 91 
 
 which occafioii flie wrote an epiftle in latin to that princefs, 
 which I will here add from Mr. Strype, as a fpecinien of her 
 fkill in that language ; becaule it has been doubted whether 
 (he underftood it, altho' we have feveral latin epiflles in print ' 
 which were addrels'd to her. 
 
 Cum multa fint, Nobilifiima ac Amantiflima Domina, qua; 
 me facile invitant hoc tempore ad icribendum, nihil tamen 
 perinde me movit atque cura valetudinis tua:, quam, ut Ipcro, 
 effe optimam, ita de eadem certioreni fieri, magnopcre cupio. 
 Quarc mitto hunc nuntium quern judico fore tibi gratilTimum, 
 turn propter arteni illam MufiCif, qua to fimul ac me oppido 
 cblediari non ignoro ; tum quod a me profed:us tibi certillime 
 referre poffit de omni ftatu ac valetudine mea. Atque lane in 
 animo fuit ante hunc diem iter ad te fecilTe, teque coram falu- 
 talTe ; verum voluntati mea; non omnia refponderunt. Nunc 
 fpero hac Hyeme, idquc prope diem, propius nos eife con- 
 grelTuras. Qiio fane mihi nihil erit jucundum magis, aut 
 magis volupe. 
 
 Cum autem, ut accepi, fumma jam manus impofita fit per 
 Maletum operi Rrafmico in Johatinem (quod ad tralationem 
 fpedtat) neque quicquam nunc reftet, nifi ut jufta qua^dani 
 vigilantia ac cura adhibeatur in eodem corrigendo, te obfecro, 
 ut opus hoc pulcherrimum atque utiliffimum, jam emendatum 
 per Maletum aut aliquem tuorum, ad me tranfmitti cures j 
 
 * In Fuller and Strype's ecclefiaftical thefe learned men who were fo convcrfant 
 
 hiftorics : and in Mr. Hearne's appendix in Englilli hillory could be fo much milla- 
 
 to his edit, of Titi Livii Foro-Julienfis ktm ; fincc every body who is acquainted 
 
 Vila Henrici qiiinti regit jingliir. with our ecclefiallical hiftorians knows 
 
 Dr. Smith and Mr. Hcarne imagined that Dr. Mallet was lady Mar>'s chaplain, 
 
 t'his letter of Queen Katherine's to be wrote And that lady Elizabeth was then too 
 
 to the lady Elizabeth. Vid. T. Livii Foro- young to undertake fo great a work. 
 Juliens. p. 108. 'Tis very ftrangc how 
 
 N 2 quo 
 
92 MEMOIRS OF QJJ E E N 
 
 qro fuo tempore preli dari poffit : Atque porro fignifices, an 
 fub tuo nomine in lucem felicillime exire velis, an potius incerto 
 Avit-ore. Cui opercB mea fane opinione injuriam facere videbe- 
 ris, fi tui nominis autoritate etiam pofteris commendatum iri 
 recufavaris : in quo accuratiffime transferendo tantos iabores 
 fummo Reip. bono fufccpifti ; plurefque (ut iatis notum eft) 
 fufceptura, fi valetudo corporis pcrmiiiffet. Cum ergo in hac 
 re abs te laborioie admodum fadatum fuifTe nemo non intelli- 
 gat, cur quam omnes tibi merito deferant laudem rejicias, non 
 video. Attamcn ego hanc rem omnem ita reiinquo prudentias 
 tuas, ut quamcunque velis rationem inire, earn ego niaxime 
 approbandam cenfuero. 
 
 Pro crumena quam ad me done mififti ingentes tibi gratias 
 ago. Deum Opt. Max. precor, ut vera ac intaminata felici- 
 tate perpetuo te beare dignetur. In quo etiam diutiflime valeas. 
 Ex Hawworthia 20 Septembris 
 
 Tui ftudioffima ac amantiffima 
 
 Katherina Regina, K. P. 
 
 This tranflation of Erafmus's paraphrafe was begun in the 
 year 1545, but was not publifhed till 1548, juft before the 
 death of the Queen : and was perhaps thus long retarded by 
 the great alterations which then happened in the affairs both of 
 church and ftate. 
 
 Several letters of this Queen's belides the abovementioned, 
 are ftill preferved : viz. 
 
 A letter to King Henry ; then in his expedition againft 
 France. The whole runs in a ftrain of great tendernefs and 
 
 humility ; 
 
KATHERINE PARR. 93 
 
 humility ; and is excellently adapted to the humour of that 
 prince. Alio, 
 
 An epidle to the Univerfitv of Cambridge, in anfwer to an 
 addrels fent from thence to her Majefty, as abovementioned. 
 Likcwife, 
 
 An epiftle to the lady Wriothefly j comforting her for the 
 lofs of her only fon. 
 
 Thefe are publilhed by Mr. Strype in his appendix to the 
 fecond volume of his annals ; with a long and pious prayer 
 of Queen Kativ, line's, compofed by her in ihort ejaculations 
 fuited to her condition. Begins, 
 
 " Molt bt! i/n Lord Jcfu, jTant me thy grace, that it may 
 " alway Vvork in me, and perfevere in me unto the end. 
 
 " Grant me, that I may ever defire and will that which 
 " is moft ple.uant and acceptable unto thee." And goes 
 on to a great length, breathing out the devout thoughts of her 
 heart. 
 
 In the catalogue of manufcripts in the library of Corpus 
 Chrifii College in Cambridge, Fol. London 1722. p. 87, is 
 mentioned, a letter of Queen Kathcrinc Parr, to the college 
 of Stoke, that Edward Waldgrave may have a ieafe of their 
 mannor of Chipleyc in Suffolk. 
 
 And alfo in the Sy/Icge Epijiclarwn^ printed by Mr. Hearne 
 at the end of his edition of Titus Livy's Lift of King Henry 
 the fifth, p. 209, is a letter from Quucn Katherine to her third 
 hufband the lord Admiral; dated from Chelfey, 1548. 
 
 In the coileilion of ftate papers, publiOicd by Mr. Heynes, 
 pages 61, 62, are two letters from the Queen to the lord 
 aiimiral. Th< Ic two epiflks (and the abovementioned) relate 
 to thf domeftic broils between the duke of Somerfet and the 
 loid admiral, and otlicr private afiairs. 
 
 In 
 
94 MEMOIRS OF QJJ E E N 
 
 In a volume of manufcript letters in Mr. Alhmole's ftudy, 
 number 1720, * is an epiftle wrote with the Queen's own 
 hand to the lord admiral upon the fame topick. 
 
 » Birtiop Tanner in his Bihliotheca, ar- 
 ticle Latymey, mentions two letters in this 
 volume, from the Queen to the admiral : 
 but upon the moft careful fearch, I could 
 find but one : and yet by the chafm in the 
 paging, it is very evident that it was once 
 to be found there. The great defire 
 which the compiler of thefe memoirs has 
 that every thing of this nature may be 
 preferved, will he hopes excufe the liber- 
 ty he takes of oblcrving, that it is to be 
 lamented that the Curators were not im- 
 powered to remove thefe valuable collec- 
 tions of manufcripts, when ever they faw 
 neceihty required it, to the famous Bodleian 
 repofitory : where they would be kept 
 with all due care. As the principal defign 
 of the worthy donors was to have their 
 colledlions preferved ; there are many 
 and juft caufes which might make fuch a 
 removal appear more agreeable to their 
 intentions, however it may literally vary 
 from their direftions. As Mr. Strype, 
 Mr. Hearne and Mr. Heynes judged other 
 letters of Queen Katherine's which are of 
 as little confequence as this which remains 
 in Mr. Aihmole's colleftion, worthy of 
 publication ; I gladly follow their exam- 
 ple in preferving this Epiftle ; fearing left 
 it fhould fhare the fame fate with the 
 other. The letter may be found at p. j. 
 and is as follows : 
 
 " My lord, as I gether by your letter 
 " delyvered to my brother Harbert, ye ar 
 " in fum fere how to frame my lord your 
 " brother to fpcke in your favour ; the 
 " denyall of your requeft fchal! make hys 
 " foly more manyfeft to the world, which 
 
 wyll more grive me,then the want of his 
 fpekyng : I would not wyffche yow im- 
 portune for hys good wyll, yf it cum 
 nott frankely at the fyrft, yt ihall be 
 fuffycyent ones to have requyre yt, and 
 after to cefle. I wold defyre ye myght 
 obteyne the Kynges letters in your fa- 
 vour, and alfo the ayde and furtherance 
 of the moofte notable of the counfell, 
 fuche as ye fchall thynke convenyent, 
 whiche thynge obtayned fchal be no 
 fmaU fchame to your brother and lovyng 
 fyfter, in cafe they do not the lyke. 
 My lord where as ye charge me with 
 a promyfe written with myne one hand, 
 to chaunge the two yeres into two 
 monethes, I thynke ye have no fuche 
 plaync fcntence wrytten with my hand. 
 I knowe not wether ye be a paraphryfer 
 or not, yf ye be lerned in that icyence 
 that ys poffyble ye may of one word 
 make whole fentence, and yet nott at 
 all tymes after the true meanyng of the 
 wryter, as yt aperyth by thys yowr ex- 
 pofycyon apon my wrytyng. When 
 yt (hal be yowr pleafure to repayre he- 
 ther ye muft take fum payne to cum 
 erly in the mornyng that ye may be 
 gone again by feven a clocke, and fo I 
 fuppofe ye may come without fufpedl. 
 I pray you let me have knowlege over 
 nyght at what hower yc wyll come that 
 yowr porterefle may wayte at the gate 
 to the feldes for you. And thus wyth 
 my mofte humble and herty comen- 
 datyon I take my leve of you for thys 
 tyme, gyvyng you lyke thankes for 
 yowr comyng to the court when I was 
 there. From Chelfey. 
 
 " I wyll 
 
KATHERINE PARR. 95 
 
 King Henry dying upon the 28th of January 1546-7, when 
 flie had been his wife three ye^fs, fix montlis and five days ; 
 fhe was not long after married to Sir Thomas Seymour, lord 
 admiral of England, and uncle to King Edward the VI. 
 This unhappy marriage foon put a flop to all her temporal en- 
 joyments : for between the matchlefs pride and impcrioufnefs 
 of her fifter in law the dutchefs of Somerfet ; and the bound- 
 lefs ambition and other bad qualities of the admiral, fuch fu- 
 rious animofities enfued as proved the deftrudion of both 
 families : and interrupted her ftudies and contemplations in 
 fuch a manner, that after this marriage I find no more of the 
 productions of her pen, or any thing confiderable, befides her 
 procuring the publication of the abovemention'd work. 
 
 She lived but a fliort time with this gentleman ; for after 
 being deliver'd of a daughter, fhe dyed in child-bed in the 
 month of September, 1548, not without fufpicion of poifon, 
 as feveral of our writers obferve •". And indeed, flie herfelf 
 was apprehenfive of unfair dealing ; and roundly reproached 
 the admiral on her death bed, for his great unkindnefs to her. 
 
 " I \vyll kepe in ftore tyll I fpeke with chap. 15, p. 12;. The title of a paper 
 " you, my lordes large offer for Faullerne, in the Salisbury colleftion, publilhed by 
 " at which time I fchal be glad to knowc Mr. Haynes, pag. 103, 104. would tempt 
 " your further plcafur therein. one to think that fome inquiry was made 
 
 into the marmer of the Queen's death, and 
 
 " By her that ys and fhal be yowr the admiral's conduft on that occafion. 
 
 " humble true and lovyng wyfFe As this paper is remaikable, and ferves to 
 
 corfirm another obfervadon which I have 
 " Kateryn the Queen, K. P. made, I will here give an exaft tranfcript 
 
 of it. 
 Endorfed, 
 The Queues letter from Chelfey to the " Elizabeth Tyrwhyt's Cotifcjpon. 
 
 L. adjniral. 
 
 " A too d.iyes afor the deth of the 
 
 * Godw)'n's Annals, Englifh edit. p. " Quen, at my camyng to har in the 
 
 132. Dugdale's Baronage, vol. 2. p. 368. " mornyng, ftie afkyd me wher I had ben 
 
 Strype's Hilloncal Memorials, vol zd. " fo long, and fayed unto me, fhe d\d 
 
 " fere 
 
(^.'■. 
 
 ■? ■j»«o 
 
 -.~v-0 
 
 'JJ ,-'i 
 
 96 MEMOIRS OF QJJ E E N 
 
 Where fhe died, or in what place fhe lies buried, I know 
 not ; nor can meet with any information among our hiftorians, 
 though many of them mention her death, and fpeak of her 
 with fuch regard as makes the omiffion of fuch a circumftance 
 appear fomewhat extraordinary. Nay, even the induftrious 
 Mr. Strype, who has filled up fo many chafms, and added fo 
 much to the writings of thofe who preceded him in the hiftory 
 of thofe times, is neverthelefs deficient in this refpedt : how- 
 ever, he has made fome amends in obliging the world with 
 the following latin epitaph compofed in memory of her, by 
 Dr. Parkhurft, one of her domeilic chaplains, and afterwards 
 bifhop of Norwich '. 
 
 " fere fuch things in harfelf, that fhe was 
 " fuer (he cold not lyve : whereunto I 
 " anfwaryd, as I thowght, that I fawe na 
 " lyklyhod of deth in har. She then 
 " haveyng my lord admyrall by the hand, 
 " and dyvers other ftandyng by, fpake 
 " thes wardys, partly, as I tooke hyt, 
 " idylly, My lady Tyr-ivhyt, I am not ivel 
 handelyd, for thos that be abonvt me caryth 
 not for me, but Jlandyth, lauoghyng at my 
 grefi and the ^noor good I 'wyl to them, the 
 ies good thaf ivy/ to me : whereunto my 
 " lord admyrall anfweryd, why fwet-hart 
 " I wold you no hurt. And fhe faed to 
 " hym agayn alowd, no my lord, I thinke 
 " fo ; and imedyetly fhe fayed to hyme 
 " in hys ere, but, my lord, you have 
 " geven me many ihrowd tauntes. Tnos 
 " wordys I parfauwyd fhe fpake with 
 " good memoiy, and very fliarply and 
 " erneftly, for har mynd was for uuquyet- 
 " tydd. My lord admyrall pr.rfevyng 
 " that I hard hyt, callyd me afyd, and 
 " afked me what fhe fayd ; and I declaryd 
 
 hyt plainly to him. Then he confowl- 
 tyd with mc, that he wold ly down on 
 the bed by har, to loke if he could 
 pacyfy har un(|U}etnes wit gentyll ca- 
 mynycacyon; whereunto I ag.ed. And 
 by that tyme he had fpoken ihre or four 
 wordes to har, fhe amueied hym very 
 rowndly and fhartly, fayeng, my loide, 
 I wold have gev>;n a thowfand markes 
 to have had my full talk wyth Hewyke, 
 the fyrft day I was delyveryd, but I 
 doorft not, far difplefyng of you : and 
 I heryng of that, parcevyd har trobie 
 to be fo gret, that my hart wold farve 
 me to her no mcr. Sych Ij ke comuny- 
 cafyon fhe had with him the fpace of 
 an owr ; wych they dyd hear that fat 
 by har bed fyd. 
 
 ELIZABETH TYRWHYT. 
 
 ' Vid. Appendix to the fecond vol. of 
 Strype's annals, p. 49. 
 
 Incom- 
 
KATHERINE PARR. 97 
 
 Incomparabilis fceminae Catharinic, nupcr Anglia?, Francia?, 
 Sc Hibernia; rcginae, domina: mea; clemcntiffimas^ cpitaphiuitL 
 Anno 1548. 
 
 Hoc regina novo dormit Catherina fepulchro, 
 Sexus fceminei flos, lionor atque decus. 
 Haec fuit HENRICO conjux fidilfima regi : 
 
 Qiiem poftquam e vlvis Parca tuliflet atrox ; 
 Thomaj Seymero (cui tu, Neptune, tridentem 
 
 Porrigis) eximio nupferat ilia viro. 
 Huic peperit natam : a partu cum feptimus orbem. 
 
 Sol illuftraflet, mors truculenta necat. 
 Defundlam madidis famuli deflemus occUis ; 
 
 Humedlat tiiftes terra Britanna genas. 
 Nos infelices moeror confumit acerbus : 
 Inter coeleftes gaudet at ilia chores. 
 
 The epitaph of the incomparable Lady Catherine, late Queen 
 of England, France and Ireland ; my moft indulgent miftrcfs. 
 A. 0.^548. 
 
 In this new tomb the royal Cath'rine lies, 
 Flow'r of her fex, renowned, great and wife I 
 A wife, by ev'ry nuptial virtue known ; 
 And faithful partner once of Henry's throne : 
 To Seymour next her plighted hands flie yields ; 
 (Seymour ! who Neptune's trident juflly wields.) 
 From him a beauteous daughter blefs'd her arms, 
 An infant copy of the parent's charms : 
 When now fev'n days this tender flow'r had bloom'd, 
 Heav'n in it's wrath the mother's foul refum'd. 
 Great Cath'rine's merit in our grief appears ; 
 While fair Britannia dews her cheek with tears. 
 Our loyal breafts with rifing iighs are torn, 
 With faints (he triumphs — we, with mortals mourn. 
 
 O 
 
^8 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 D 
 
 JANE GRAY. 
 
 LADY Jane Gray, the eldefl: daughter of Henry Gray 
 Marquis of Dorfet, and Duke of Suffolk, by Frances 
 Brandon eldeft daughter of Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk, 
 by Mary his wife, Queen Dowager to Lewis the twelfth of 
 France, and youngefl daughter of King Henry the feventh, 
 was a Lady not more diftinguifli'd by her defcent, than by her 
 extraordinary accomplifhments : And thefe too, were not only 
 great in themfelves, but adorned with fuch fweetnefs of tem- 
 per, and fuch innate goodnefs of heart, as rendered her the 
 delight and wonder of all that knew her. 
 
 She difcovered an early propenfity to all kinds of good lite- 
 rature J and having a fine genius, improved under the tuition 
 of Mr. Elmer (afterwards Bifliop of London) fhe made a moil 
 furprizing progrefs in the languages, arts and fciences. She un- 
 derflood perfedly both kinds of philofophy; and could exprefs 
 lierfelf very properly, at leafl in the Latin and Greek tongues": 
 
 ^ We are afiured by Mr. Afcham that him to engage her to write a letter in Greek 
 
 fhe wrote in the latter with great ftrength to himfelf^ and another to Sturmius. Vid. 
 
 of fentiment. And when he was in Ger- Afcham's Epift. Ed. Oxon.pag. 237, 238. 
 jnany, he wrote to her tutor, folliciting 
 
 and 
 
L A D Y J A N E O R A Y. 99 
 
 and we are informed by a noble knight ' who was cotempo- 
 rary with her, that flic was well verlcd in Hebrew, Chaldee, 
 Arabic, French and Italian. And lie adds, that flie play'd 
 well on inftrumental mulic, writ a curious hand, and was 
 excellent at her Needle ; and, notwitlirtanding all thefc rare 
 endowments, that flie was of a mild, an humble, and 
 modeil fpirit ; and never fliewed an elated mind, till flie 
 fhewed it at her death. But above all, flie was very happy in 
 having early imbibed the principles of the proteftant religion ; 
 which llie embraced as a learned writer obfcrves ', not out of 
 any outward compliance with the prel'cnt current of the times; 
 but becaufe her own moll excellent judgment had been fully 
 fatisfied in the truth and puritv tliereof. But this indeed will 
 beft appear from her fo conlliantly adhering to them, and being 
 fo ftrongly fortify 'd againft all attacks of popery ; that 
 neither the hopes of grandeur, nor the fears of death could 
 reconcile her to it. It may not be amifs to give an inftance 
 of her early averfion to one of the abfurd tenets of the roman 
 church, as I find it in the AJIs and Monuments of the Churchy 
 p. 2128. Edit. 1583. 
 
 " Being, when fhe was very young, at the Lady Mary's 
 " houfe at Newhall in EfTex, as fhe was walking by the 
 " chapel with the Lady Anne Wharton, that lady made low 
 " obeifance to the lacrament hanging on the altar, which 
 *' when Lady Jane faw, fhe wondered why Ibe did fo, and 
 *' allied her whether the Lady Mary were there or not. Lady 
 " Wharton anfwered no, but faid, flie made her curtfey to 
 " him that made us all. Why, reply'd the Lady Jane, how 
 
 « Sir Thomas Chaloner. See Stn'pe's ' Dr. Heylin in his Hiftory of the Re--, 
 Memorials Ecclefiallical, vol. 3. p. 93. formation, p. 149. 
 and Appendix, p. 17. 
 
 O 2 . tc can 
 
100 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " can He be there that made us all, and yet the Baker made 
 " him? This her anfwer coming to the Lady Mary's ear, (he 
 " never loved her after as is credibly reported." 
 
 Of her ftrong affediion to learning, there is a remarkable 
 teftimony given by Mr. Aicham «, which, as it does honour 
 to herfelf and learned preceptor, I cannot pals by in lilence. 
 One example (faith he) whether love or fear doth work 
 more in a child, for vertue and learning, I will gladly re- 
 port : which may be heard with fome pleafurc, and followed 
 with more profit. Before I went into Germany, I came to 
 Brodegate in Leicefterfhire, to take my leave of that noble 
 lady, Jane Gray, to whom I was exceeding niuch behold- 
 ing. Her parents the Duke and the Dutchefs, with all the 
 houfhold, gentlemen and gentlewomen, were hunting in 
 the Park : I found her in her chamber, reading PbieJofi 
 P/afoms in Greek, and that with as much delight, as fome 
 gentlemen would read a merry tale in Boccace. After Sa- 
 lutation, and duty done, with fome other talk, lafkedher, 
 why fhe would loofe luch paftime in the ParJc : fmiling fhe 
 anfwered me ; I wifi'e, all their fport in the Parke, is but a 
 fhadow to that plealbre that I find in Plato : x^las, good 
 folk, they never felt what true pleafure meant. And how 
 came yoii, madam, quoth J, to this deep knowledge of 
 pleafure, and what did chiefly allure you unto it, feeing not 
 many women, but very few men have attained thereto. 1 
 will tell you, faith fhe, and tell you a troth, which per- 
 chance ye will marvel at. One of the greatefl benefits that 
 ever God gave me, is, that he fenl ine fo fharp and feverc 
 j)arents, and fo gentle a fchoolmafler. Forj when I am in 
 
 •* yid. his Schoolmafter, jp. ai. 
 
 *' jirefence 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. loi 
 
 "** prefcnce cither of fiXther or mother, whether i Ipeak, keep 
 ■" lilence, fit, ftand, or go, eat, drink, be merry, or fad, he 
 " fewing, dancing, or doing any thing elfe, I mull do it, as 
 " it were, in fuch weight, meafiire and number, even fo per- 
 " feiflly as God made the world ; or clfe I am fo iharply 
 " taunted, fo cruelly threatned, yea prcfently fomctimes, with 
 *' pinches, nips and bobs, and other ways, (which I will not 
 " name, for the honour I bear them) without mcafure 
 " miforder'd, till the time come, that I mufi: go to Mr, Elmers 
 " who teachcth me fo gently, fo pleafantlv, with fuch fair 
 " allurements to learning, that I think all the time nothing, 
 " whiles I am with him. And when I am called from him, 
 " I fall on weeping, becaufe, whatfoever I do elfe, but learn- 
 " ing, is full of grief, trouble, fear and whole mifliking unto 
 " me. And thus my book hath been fo much my pleafure i 
 " and bringeth daily to me more pleafure and more, that ia 
 " refpedl of it, all other pleafures in very deed, be but trifles 
 " and very troubles unto me. I remember this talk very 
 " gladly, (faith Mr A.) both becaufe it is fo worthy of me- 
 " morv, and becaufe alfo it was the lall talk that ever I had, 
 " and the laft time tlwt ever I faw that noble and wortliy 
 " lady." 
 
 The elegant charafter tliat Jerom Cardan has given us * 
 from his own knowledge, of the great learning and abilities 
 of King Edward the fixth is perfeftly aftonifliing : And yet 
 we are affured by an author ', who had great opportunities of 
 knowing thofe affairs with certainty, that fhe was not only 
 equal, but alfo fuperiour to him in learning, and fkill in the 
 Jearned languages. " If her fortune (fays he) had been as 
 *' good as her bringing up, joyned with finenefs of wit : 
 
 ■^ In Jiis book of Gcniturcs. • A6ls and Mon. of the Church. 
 
 undoubtedly 
 
102 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 '' undoubtedly flie might have feemed comparable, not only 
 " to the houfe of the Vefpafians, Sempronians, and mother of 
 *' the Grachies ; yea, to any other women befides that deferveth 
 " high praife for their fingular learning ; but alfo to the uni- 
 *' verfity men, which have taken many degrees of the 
 " Schools." 
 
 Thofe great attainments, and amiable qualities, endeared 
 her fo much to the young king, that he was the more eafily 
 feduced by the bafe artifices, and wicked infinuations of the 
 Duke of Northumberland to feclude his fifters from the 
 fucceffion to the Throne, and convey it by will to the Lady 
 Jane. The Duke of Northumberland in order to get the 
 crown into the polTeffion of his own Family, contrived a 
 match between the Lord Guilford Dudley his fourth fon, and 
 the Lady Jane Gray, which was folemnized at Durham-Place, 
 about the beginning of May, 1553, ". But now, alas! {he 
 muft foon bid adieu to the fweet delights of ftudy, and im- 
 provement of the mind ; for by the infinite ambition of her 
 tather-in-law, and the ftupendous folly of her own father, {he 
 was violently puflied upon a precipice which proved fatal to 
 her. Soon after her marriage, the king declined apace, 
 and died on the fixth of July following, (An. 1553,) not 
 without fufpicion of poifon. 
 
 When the Duke of Northumberland acquainted her that 
 the King was dead, and had declared her his fuccelTor, and 
 that her title was recognized 6cc. the news was by no means 
 acceptable to her : She appeared diflurbed, and at a lofs, and 
 was not at all reconciled to her advancement. But lince an 
 anfwer muft be given, after fome paufe for recoUediion (fays 
 
 I' Vid, Holinlhed's Chron. vol. 2. p. 1083. Ed. 1587. 
 
 Mr. Collier 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. 103 
 
 Mr. Collier ',) Hie told the Duke of Northumberland, that as 
 far as Ihe undcrftood, natural right and the conftitution of the 
 kingdom, cafi: the government upon the Princefs Mary : That 
 fhe was unwilling to incumber her life and her confcience 
 with a charadler which did not belong to her : That thofe 
 who broke through right to grafp a fcepter, were infamous in 
 ftory : That to fcruple the dealing of a fliilling, and digeft 
 the ufurpation of a crown, was meer bantering of juftice, and 
 mocking God Almighty. To this flie added the inftability of 
 human affairs, and the danger of publick eminence ; and 
 therefore defired the liberty of a private ftation : But being 
 foUicited to accept the crown, by the two dukes, her mother, 
 and her hufband, Hie forced her inclination, refigned to their 
 importunities, and wasdragedas it were into the acceptance of 
 a crown ; and fince flic was but a young lady with fo much 
 authority to miflead her ; fince flie was fo earneftly prelTed 
 by fuch near relations ; 'tis no wonder to find her underflanding 
 furprifed, and that flie fliould furrender herfelf to their difpofal. 
 And being thus drawn into an unwilling compliance, flie was 
 immediately proclaimed Queen, and had the keys of the 
 tower deliver'd to her, 6cc. But the preparation which the 
 lady Mary had made, by the alfifliance of the Suffolk Men, 
 and other friends, in order to recover her right, together with 
 tlie general coldnefs and negledl obferved in the lady Jane's, or 
 rather Northumberland's caufe, induced the two dukes after 
 a few days of mock grandeur were pafl:, to lay afide their 
 ambitious views, and precipitate pretenfion to the crown ; and 
 by a feigned fubmifiion, they feem'd to acquifce, and adl in 
 favour of lady Mary. Upon this fudden turn of affairs the duke 
 
 • Church Hiftory, vol. 2. Lib. v. p. 334. Alfo Fox's Afts and Monuments &.c. 
 
 her 
 
t04 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 her father came to her, and order'd her to lay afide the ftate- 
 of a Queen, and content herfelf with the fortune of a fubjedl. 
 She not at all difcompofed, told her father, that fhe was much 
 better pleafed with this news, then when fhe afcended the 
 throne purely in obedience to himfelf and her mother. She 
 was fenlible her refigning to their authority, tho' againfl: her 
 inclination^ was a great fault, but now Ihe did that which 
 perfedly pleafed her. 
 
 Queen Mary being feated in the throne, the lady Jane to- 
 gether with her hufband lord Guilford Dudley, were com- 
 mitted to the Tower, and on the 13th of November were. 
 both arraigned atGuild-Hall, and brought in guilty of treafon. 
 
 Soon after this the duke of Suffolk her father's engaging m 
 Wyat's rebellion, proved fatal to this his excellent daughter : 
 and fhe acquainted him by a letter (wrote in the moft tender 
 terms) that flie was not infenfible he had fhorten'd her days. 
 Before this laft revolt, the Queen feem'd difpofed to deal gently 
 with her : for after flie was fbund guilty of high treafon, fhe 
 had the liberty of the parade in the tower, and of walking in 
 the Queen's garden. But now 'twas thought necefTary to pro- 
 ceed to extremities, and that the Qtieen could not be fafe fb 
 long as the other was living. This being refolved many 
 Roman Catholicks, Men of the greatell repute for learning 
 and abilities were fent unto her, to diffwade her from the true 
 profefiion of the Gofpel, which from her cradle fhe had ever 
 held ; each flriving by art, by flattery, by threatnings, by 
 promife of life, &c. to bring her over to the church of Rome: 
 but all their endeavours proved ineffedlual ; for flie had art to 
 confound their art, wifdom to withftand their flatteries, refo- 
 lution above their menaces, and fuch a true knowledge of life,, 
 that death was to her no other than a mofl familiar acquain- 
 tance. At lafl Mr. Feckenham, an eminent divine, chaplain 
 
 t£k) 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. 105 
 
 to Queen Mary, and afterwards abbot of Weftminfter, was 
 fent to her, to give her notice that Ihe muft die, and offer'd to 
 reconcile her to the R. C. Religion. She received the fird part 
 of this meflage witii great teniper and unconcernednefs : But 
 as to the other, Hie faid (lie had no leifure to enter upon con- 
 troverfy, but Hiould fpend the little time Hie had, in preparing 
 for eternity. Mr. Feckenhani believing (he was willing to get 
 more time, went to the Queen and procured a reprieve for 
 three days. Wlien he acquainted her with it, he dcdred (lie 
 would hear him upon the iubjedl of religion. She told him 
 he miftook her meaning, that (lie was by no means fond of 
 living longer, that (lie had not the leafl: intention or de(ign 
 that he (liould (bllicite the Queen on that occafion. But Mr. 
 Feckenhani being very preduig to converle with her on reli- 
 gious fubjecfts, at laft they engaged in a difputc concerning 
 juftification by faith, the number of the facraments, tranfub- 
 llantiation, communion in one kind, and the authority of the 
 Church. This conference gain'd her much edeem, and is 
 greatly admired and commended by bidiop Burnet, Mr. Collier 
 and other ecclefiaftical hidorians. But I will not foredall the 
 reader's judgment by giving my own, or other people's opinions 
 concerning it, I diall rather cliufe to give an entire tranfcript 
 of it, and leave the reader to judge for himfelf. Here then 
 follows the conference between the Lady Jane and Mr. 
 Feckenhani touching her faith and religion, as it was wrote 
 and fubfcrib'd by her own hand. 
 
 <c 
 
 Feckenhani. What thing is required in a chridian ? 
 " L. Jane. To believe in God the Father, in God the 
 " Son, in God the Holy Ghod, three Perfons and one God. 
 
 " Feck. Is there nothing elfe requir'd in a chridian but to 
 " believe in God ? 
 
 P " L. Jane. 
 
■io6 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " L. Jane. Yes : we muft believe in him, we mufl: love 
 *' him with all our heart, with all our foul, and all our mind, 
 ■" and our neighbour as our felf, 
 
 " Feck. Why then faith juftifieth not, nor faveth not ? 
 
 " L. Jane. Yes verily, faith (as St. Paul faith) only 
 " juflificth. 
 
 " Feck. Why St. Paul faith. If I have all the Faith of the 
 " Ivor Id, without love, it is nothing. 
 
 " L. Jane. True it is, for how can I love him I truft not, 
 " or how can I truft in him whom I love not ? faith and 
 " love ever agree together, and yet love is comprehended in 
 "♦ faith. 
 
 *' Feck. How fliall we love our neighbour ? 
 
 " L. Jane. To love our neighbour is to feed the hungry, 
 " clothe the naked, and to give drink to the thirfty, and to do 
 " to him as we would do to our felves. 
 
 " Feck. Why then it is necefTary to falvatlon to do good 
 " works, and it is not fufficient to believe ? 
 
 " L. Jane. I deny that. I affirm that faith only faveth ; 
 " but it is not meet for all chriftians, in token that they follow 
 " their mafter Chrift, to do good works ; yet may we not fay, 
 *' nor in any wife believe, that they profit to falvation : for 
 *' altho' we have done all we can, yet we are unprofitable 
 ^* fervants : and the faith we have only in Chrift's blood, and 
 ■" his merits faveth. 
 
 " Feck. How many facraments are there ? 
 
 " L. Jane. Two ; the one the facrament of baptifm, and 
 *' the other the facrament of the Lord's fupper. 
 
 " Feck. No, there be feven facraments. 
 
 *' L. Jane. By what fcripture find you that ? 
 
 " Feck. Well, we will talk of that hereafter : but what 
 " is fignified by your two facraments ? 
 
 L.Jane. 
 
 <( 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. 107 
 
 " L. Jane. By the fiKiainent of baptifm I am waHi'd with 
 water, and regenerated in the Ipirit, and that wafliing is a 
 token to me that I am tlie child of God : the facrament of 
 the Lord's fupper is offer'd unto me as a fure feal and tefti- 
 mony that I am, by the blood of Chrirt: which he Ihed 
 for me on the crofs, made partaker of the everlafting 
 kingdom. 
 
 " Feck. Why, what do you receive in that bread? Do you 
 not receive the very body and blood of Chrill: ? 
 " L. Jane. No furcly, 1 do not believe fo. I think at that 
 fupper I receive neither flefli nor bUx)d, but only bread and 
 wine ; the which bread when it is broken, and the wine 
 when it is drunk, putteth me in mind how that for my 
 fins the bodv of Chrill was broken, and his blood flied on 
 the crofs ; and with that bread and wine I receive the bene- 
 fits which came by breaking of his body, and by the 
 fliedding of his blood on the crofs for my iins. 
 " Feck. Why but, madam, doth not Chrift fpeak thefe 
 words, take, eat, this is my body : Can you require any 
 plainer words ? Doth he not lay, that it is his body ? 
 " L. Jane. I grant he faith fo ; and fo he f^iith likewife in 
 other places, I am the vine, I am the door, it being only 
 but a figurative borrow'd fpeech. Doth not St. Paul fay, he 
 calleth thofe things which are not, as tho' they were ? God 
 forbid that I ihould lay, that I eat the very natural body arnl 
 blood of Chrift; for then either I would pluck away my 
 redemption, or conlels there were two bodys, or two 
 chrifls : Two bodys, the one body was tormented on the 
 crofs ; and then if they did eat another body, how abfurd ? 
 Again, if his body was eaten really, then it was not broken 
 upon the crofs ; or if it were broken upon the crofs (as it is 
 doubtlefs) then it was not eaten of his difciples. 
 
 P 2 " Feck. 
 
loB M E M O I R S O F 
 
 " Feck. Why is it not as pofiiblc that Chrifl: by his power 
 *' could make his body both to be eaten and broken, as to be 
 " born of a Woman without the feed of a man, and as to 
 " walk on the fea having a body, and other fuch Hke miracles 
 " which he wrought by his power only ? 
 
 " L. Jane. Yes verily ; if God would have done at his laft 
 " fuppcr a miracle, he might have done fo ; but I lay, he 
 *' minded nor intended no work or miracle, but only to break 
 " his body and flicd his blood on the crofs for our fins. But 
 *' 1 beleech you anfwer me to this one queftion, where was 
 " Chrift when he faid, take, eat, this is my body ? Was he not 
 " at the table ? When he faid fo, he was at that time alive, 
 " and fufFered not till the next day. Well, what took he but 
 *' bread ? And what gave he but bread ? Look, what he took 
 ^' he brake, and look, what he brake he gave, and look what 
 *' he gave that they did eat ; and yet all this while he him- 
 " felf was at fupper before his difciples, or elfe they were 
 *' deceived. 
 
 " Feck. You ground your faith upon fuch authors as fay 
 " and unfay both with a breath, and not upon the church, to 
 *' whom you ought to give credit, 
 
 " L. Jane. No, I ground my faith upon God's Word, and 
 *' not upon the church j for if the church be a good church, 
 *• the faith of the church mufl be try'd by God's Word, and 
 *' not God's Word by the church, neither yet my faith : 
 " Shall I believe the church becaufe of antiquity ? Or fhall I 
 " give credit to that church which taketh away from me a 
 " full half part of the Lord's Supper, and will let no layman 
 " ceceive it in both kinds, but the priefts only themfelves .? 
 " which thing if they deny to us, they deny us part of our 
 " falvation : And I fay, that it is an evil and no good church, 
 " and not the fpoufe-of Chrift, but the Ipoufe of the Devil, 
 
 " which 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. 109 
 
 *' which altereth the Lord's Supper, and both taketh from it, 
 *' and addeth to it. To that church, I fay, will God add 
 " plagues, and from that church will he take their part out of 
 " the book of life. You may learn of St. Paul how he did 
 " adminifler it to the Corinthians in both kinds, which fince 
 " your church refufcth, iliall I believe it ? God forbid ! 
 
 " Feck. That was done by the wifdom of the church, and 
 " to a mofl: good intent, to avoid an herefy which then 
 " fprung in it. 
 
 " L. Jane. O but the church mud not alter God's Will 
 " and ordinances for the colour or glofs of a good intent ; it 
 " was the error of king Saul, and he not only reaped a curfe, 
 " but periflied thereby, as is evident in the holy fcriptures. 
 
 '* To this Mr. Feckenham gave me a long, tedious, yet 
 *' eloquent reply, ufing many ftrong and logical perluafions to 
 " compel me to have lean'd to their church ; but my faith 
 " had armed my refolution to withfland any aflault that words 
 " could then ufe againft me : Of many other articles of reli- 
 ** gion we reafoned, but thefe formerly rehearfed, were the 
 " chiefeft and moft efteaual." 
 
 fubfcribed, 
 
 JANE DUDLEY. 
 
 Holin/hed fays " flic wrote diverfe things highly to her com- 
 mendation. And Sir Richard Baker informs us " that fhe 
 wrote diverfe excellent treatifes. But what thofe treatifes are, 
 or where they may be found, I know not. 
 
 » Chronicle, p. 1169. Ed. 1587; ? Chronicle, p. 325. Ed. 1670, 
 
 In 
 
,10 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 In the time of her imprifonment, fhe wrote a long epiflle 
 to a noble friend of hers in the court of England, fays 
 the author of the fhort account of her, printed in a book 
 called the Phoenix ". But all other writers which I have 
 met with, fay, that it was to Dr. Harding her father's chap- 
 Iain, who had then apoftatized from the true faith ; and 
 was afterwards the great antagonift of the famous bifhop 
 Jev/el. She writes to him (as Mr. Collier juftly obferves) 
 ill a very pathetic ftrain to recover him. She endeavours 
 to move him by the terrors of the other world, tells him he 
 ought to prefer his confcience to his life : Cites feveral paf- 
 fages from fcripture, and church hiftory, to work him to repen- 
 tance and refolution. The difcourfe is remarkably pious and 
 difcovers no ordinary fliare of elocution. 
 
 Bifliop Burnet tells us ■■. that he had two of her letters in 
 latin, writ to Bullinger, copied from the originals, all in her 
 own hind, written in a pure and unaffefted ftile. She was 
 then entring on the ftudy of the Hebrew, in the method that 
 Bullinger advifed her. She exprefles, in thefe her letters, a 
 wonderful relpedl and fubmiffion to him, with a great ftrain 
 of modefty, and a very fingular zeal for religion. Thefe 
 letters feem to be the very fame that are lately printed, toge- 
 ther with two other latin epiftles of hers ; the third to Bul- 
 linger, and the fourth to her fifter the lady Katherine Gray 
 (which I fliall take notice of by and by) in a book entitled, 
 Epijiolcs ab Rccleftce Helvcticce Keforvmtoribiis vel ad eosfa-ipta. 
 ^ibus multa Theologica, Hiftorica, PoUtica, & niaxime Eccle- 
 (iaftica continent iir. Centiiria Prima. Ex Autographic recen- 
 fiiit ac cdidit Job. Conradm Fuejlinus. Tigun'^ 1742. oBavo. 
 As the three lirft of thofe letters do not contain any thing 
 
 Vid. Vol. 2. p. 28. 3. Lib. 5. p. 225. 
 
 p^ Hiftory of the Reformation, part 
 
 hiftorical. 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. iii 
 
 hlftorlcal, or very remarkable, I fliall make no obfervations 
 on them. But the laft being full of pious exhortations, and 
 tlivine love, and thefe exprefs'd at fuch a time as the fincerity 
 of them cannot well be call'd in queftion j I will here give a 
 tranfcript of it. 
 
 Having been reading in her Greek teftament, the night be- 
 fore her. death, upon clofing up the book, llie obfcrved fome 
 fpare leaves of clean paper at the end of it, on which fhe im- 
 mediately wrote the following letter '. 
 
 Mitto ad te CATHARINA Soror ! librum, etfi foris qui- 
 'dem nullo auro bracfteatum ; intus tamen quovis auro Sc Mar- 
 garitis infinitis modis fuperiorem. Codicillus eft divinae legis 
 & noviflimi teftamenti foedus, quod nobifcum miferrimis pec- 
 catorihus pepigit Dcus. Cujus dudu, fi Te fequacem pra;- 
 bueris ledtricem, perduceris non ad hujus mundi omnibus mo- 
 mentis nutantia bona ; fed ad vera; felicitatis atque interns vita; 
 immortalem pofTefllonem. Doccbit Te &; pie vivendi & bene 
 moriendi rationem. Denique plus hinc tibi lucri acceflurum 
 eft, quam alioqui ex infelicis 6c captivi parentis tui terris 6c 
 latifundiis omnibus. Quemadmoduin enim, 11 integnc illi res 
 manfiiTent et incolumis ftatus, ad Te, quas jam proxima cs he- 
 reditaria illius omnia bona obveniftent ; Ita fi nunc graviter 6c 
 fludiofe feliciffimum hujus teftamenti arvum evolveris, earn 
 reperies margaritam, eas Tibi opes parabis, quas nee rapaces 
 avaritise manus eripient, nee fures depriedabuntur, nee coirum- 
 •pent tineas. 
 
 1 Bifhop Burnet fays, fhe wrote this printed in that Language by Mr. Fox, in 
 
 letter in Greek : And the juftly celebrated \i\s ji^s and Monuments of the Church. See 
 
 Cambridge Antiquary Mr. Baker, Aip- the appendix to Bifliop Burnet's third Vol. 
 
 , jKjfes flie wrote it in Englifh, becauf? it is of the HiHory of the Reformation, p. 409. 
 
 Id 
 
112 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Id unice fit Tibi Studio, chara Soror ! ut cum DA VIDE 
 proficias & mediteris in lege Domini Dei tui. Sic vive, ut 
 quotidie difcas mori, quo per mortem ad vitam contendas nun- 
 quam deinde pcrituram. Nee te fallat tenerae tuae aetatis flos 
 & juvents fiducia, quafi hoc nomine longiorem Tibi vitam 
 poliicens. JEquQ enim cito, fi evocarit Deus, juvenis 6c vir- 
 gunculoB tenerag, atque decrepiti abripiuntur fenes. AiTidue 
 igitur in hoc incumbe, ut mori affuefcas. Hoc quidquid eft 
 mundi abjice, Diabolo obfifte, carnis refpue cupiditates, Te 
 ipfam totam exue, in Domino unice te oblefta : fic deplores 
 admifla tua, ne quid defperes tamen ; in fide fis alacris, ne 
 interim immodica ruas confidentia ; femperque cum beato 
 PAULO diflblvi expete, ut fis cum CHRISTO, in quo 
 quifquis eft, etiamfi mortuus fuerit, non poteft tamen non 
 vivere. Sic Te compara ac vitam inftitue, ut cum fideli fervo 
 omnibus horis advigiles, etiam node media : ne, quum mors 
 ingruerit, tanquam fur nodlurnus, Teimparatam, ac cum fer- 
 vis Satanae ftertentem, aut cum fatuis virginibus oleo deftitutam, 
 aut inter eos, quibus veftis deeft nuptialis, reperiat, atque ita 
 e nuptiis excludaris. Te in Chrifto exhilara, quod etiam nunc 
 facere Te confido. Quoniamque profcfTione & titulo cenferis 
 inter Chriftianos, hujus ergo incede veftigiis, cujus geftas no- 
 men, crucemque tolle tuam, peccata tua in ejus impone hu- 
 meros, atque eum perpetuo ample dlere. 
 
 Quod ad mortem meam attinet, hortor Te, adamata foror ! 
 mecum pariter laetari velis, quando a corruptione ad incorrup- 
 tionem me mors ifta transferet. Perfijafiffimum enim hoc 
 habeo, momentaneae hujus vitae jadluram mihi cefiiiram in vits 
 nunquam defiturae lucrum, quam Tibi etiam germana foror, 
 opto mecum aliquando in Domino contingere. Interim cufi:o- 
 diat Te pietas illius, ut vivens in timore ipfius, ita moriaris, 
 ut integiam vitam Chriflianam ad finem ufque tuearis, a qua 
 
 Te 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. 113 
 
 f e nunquam abduci patiaris neque fpe vitze, nee mortis minis, 
 nam li veritatem illius abnegabis ullis vitae hujus praemiis, ille 
 viciflim Te abnegabit & vitse dies contrahet. Sin illi adha^rebis, 
 vitam tuam in longum producet, in confolationem animas tuae 
 & gloriam, omnipotens Dominus me modo, Te pofthac quum 
 ille videbitur, perducat. Vale germana foror, ac fidaciam om- 
 nem in Domino conftitue, in quo folo univerlum tuumauxilium 
 fxtum eft. Amen. ' 
 
 Tua germana foror 
 
 JOANNA. 
 
 After the lady Jane had finiflied this exhortation to her fifter, 
 and fent it away by her fervant, there came unto her two 
 biOiops and other learned dodlors of the Romi(h religion, who 
 had more than two hours conference with her ; ftriving with 
 all their powers to have drawn her to have died in the obedi- 
 ence of their church and communion, but found themfelves 
 entirely deceived ; for her faith, being built upon the rock of 
 Chrift, was by no worldly perfuafion to be either mov'd or 
 (haken : fo that at laft they left her (as they faid) a loft and 
 forfaken member ; but flhe, as before, pray'd for them, and 
 with a moft charitable patience endured their worft cenfures ', 
 
 She alfo wrote a long prayer for her own ufe, in the time of 
 her imprifonment, which is full of the moft ardent devotion : 
 and may be feen printed in Mr. Fox's ^^s and Monuments of 
 the Church, 
 
 ' I would have ;iJded the Englifh of own language, I thought it unnecefTary. 
 this epiftle, for the fatisfaftion of thofe of ' Vid. the abovemention'd difcourfe, 
 
 the fair fex, and others, who do r.ot un- printed in the Phoenix, p. 42. Which 
 
 derrtand latin ; but as it has been already difcourfe was before printed to 8vo, i 554, 
 
 fo frequently printed by others in our and in 410, i6ij. 
 
 Q_ And 
 
 k 
 
114 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 And now the fatal day of her execution being come, fhe 
 was called to go to the fcafFold ; in her way thither fhe met 
 the dead body of lord Guilford Dudley her hulband, whether 
 thro' the malice of fome great adverfary, or the indifcretion 
 of the officers is not certainly known : this fight was much 
 more ihocking to her than the ax itfelf, and was obferved to 
 draw many tears from her eyes. Having afcended the fcaffold, 
 after reverence done to the lords and others in commiffion, flie 
 turned herfelf to the people, and fpake the following words. 
 
 " My lords, and you good chriftian people, which come to 
 " fee me die ; I am under a law, and by that law, as a never 
 " erring judge, I am condemned to die, not for any thing I 
 " have offended the Queen's Majefty, for I will wafli my 
 " hands guiltlefs thereof, and deliver to my God a foul as pure 
 " from fuch trefpafs, as innocence from injuflice ; but only for 
 " that I confented to the thing I was inforced unto, conflraint 
 " making the law believe I did that which I never under- 
 " flood : notwithflanding I have offended Almighty God, in 
 " that I have followed overmuch the lufl of mine own flefli, 
 " and the pleafures of this wretched world, neither have I 
 " lived according to the knowledge which God has given me, 
 " for which caufe God hath appointed unto me this kind of 
 •' death, and that moft worthily, according to my deferts ; 
 " howbeit I thank him heartily that he hath given me time 
 " to repent of my fins here in this world, and to reconcile 
 " myfeif to my redeemer, whom my former vanities have in 
 " a great meatiire difpleafed. Wherefore (my lords, and all 
 " you good chriflian people) I muft earneflly defire you all 
 '* to pray with me and for me whilfl I am yet alive, that God 
 " of his infinite goodnefs and mercy will forgive me my fins, 
 " how numberlefs and grievous foever againfl him : and I 
 
 " befeech 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. 115 
 
 " befeech you all to bear me witnefs that I here die a chriftian 
 ** woman, profcfling and avouching from my foul, that I truft 
 " to be faved by the blood, paflion and merits of Jefus Chrift 
 " my faviour only, and by no other means, carting far behind 
 " me all the works and merits of mine own adtions, as things 
 " fo far fliort of that true duty I owe, that I quake to think 
 ** how much they may ftand up againfl me : and now I pray 
 " you all pray for me, and pray with me:" and at thofe words, 
 fhe turned to Mr. Fcckenham, faying, fliall I fay this pfalm ? 
 And he faid, yea. Then flie faid the pfalm of Mifercre mei 
 Deus in Englifli, in a mofl devout manner unto the end : 
 and then flie flood up and gave her maid Mrs. Ellen her 
 gloves and handkerchief: her book to Mr. Bruges : to Sir 
 Henry Gage, conftable of the Tower (who defired her to 
 beftow fome fmall gift upon him as a memorial of her) her 
 table book ; in which flie had written three fentences, re- 
 lating to her hu(band, in Greek, Latin and Englilh. The 
 Greek to this efFedt : " That, if his executed body fliould 
 " give teftimony againft her before men ; his moft bleffed 
 " foul fliould give an eternal proof of her innocence in the 
 " prefence of God." The Latin added: " That human 
 " juftice was againft his body, but the divine mercy fliould 
 " be for his foul." The conclufion in Englifli : " That, if 
 " her fault deferved punifliment, her youth at Icaft, and her 
 " imprudence were worthy of excufe ; and that God and 
 " pofterity would fliew her favour." Then flie untied her 
 gown, and the hangman prefling upon her to help her off 
 with it, flic defired him to let her alone, and turning to her 
 two gentlewomen, they took off that, and her other things j 
 and gave her an handkerchief to tie about her eyes. Then the 
 liangman kneeled down and afked her forgivnefs, whom flie 
 moft willingly forgave. TJien \\x defired her to ftand upon 
 
 Cij2 the 
 
ii6 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 the ftraw, which fhe did ; and perceiving the block, fhe faid, 
 I pray you difpatch me quickly. Then (he kneeled down, 
 faying, will you take it before I lay me down ? and the hang- 
 man faid, no madam. Then fiie tied the handkerchief about 
 her eyes, and feeling for the block flie faid, where is it ? where 
 is it ? one of the ftanders by guiding her to it, fhe laid her 
 head down upon the block, and then ftretched out her body, 
 and faid : Lord, into thy hands I commend my fpirit, and 
 fo finifhed her life the i2th of Feb. 1553-4, 
 
 Thus did this worthy lady who was fo remarkably void of 
 all pride and ambition herfelf, fall a vidini to thofe turbulent 
 paffions in her neareft relations ; but greatly lamented by all 
 thofe who had any fhare of that virtue and goodnefs, or any 
 tafte for thofe accomplifhments fhe was fo eminently pofTeiTed 
 of. 
 
 " She had (fays Dr. Fuller ',) the Innocency of childhood, 
 " the beauty of youth, the folidity of middle, the gravity of 
 *' old age, and all at eighteen " : The birth of a princefs, the 
 " learning of a clerk, the life of a faint, yet the death of 
 " a malefadlor for her parents offences," 
 
 While fhe was in durance fhe wrote Jhe following latin 
 verfes with a Pin. 
 
 Non aliena putes homini, quas obtingere pofTunt, 
 Sors hodierna mihi, tunc erit ilia tibi. 
 
 JANE DUDLEY. 
 
 Deo juvante, nil nocet livor malus : 
 Et non juvante, nil juvat labor Gravis. 
 
 Pofl tenebras fpero lucem. 
 
 * Vid, Holy State, p. 311. 
 
 * Mr, Collier and others fay fhe was fcarcely feventeen when flie was beheaded, 
 
 Whate'er 
 
LADY JANE GRAY. 117 
 
 Whate'er to man, as mortal, is aflign'd. 
 Should raife compaffion, reader in thy mind. 
 Mourn other's woes, and to thy own refign. 
 That fate which I have found may foon be thine ! 
 
 JANE DUDLEY. 
 
 While God afTifts us, envy bites in vain. 
 If God forfake us ; fruitlefs all our pain ! 
 
 I hope for light after this darknefs. 
 
 De Jana, D. Laurentij Humfredi decaflichon. 
 
 Jana jacet fsvo non asquae vulnere mortis, 
 
 Nobilis ingenio, fanguine, martyrio. 
 Ingenium Latijs ornavit foemina mufis. 
 
 Focmina virgineo tota dicata chore. 
 Sanguine clara fuit, regali ftirpe creata, 
 
 Ipfaque Reginas nobilitata throno. 
 Bis Graia eft, pulchre Graijs nutrita camaenis, 
 
 Et prifco Graium fanguine creta ducum. 
 Bis Martyr, fecrae fidei veriflima teftis : 
 
 Atque vacans regni crimine, Jana jacet. 
 
 By fudden fate, lo ! Jane is mix'd with earth ! 
 A martyr, fam'd for wit, and great by birth. 
 The claflick mufe her native thoughts improv'd ; 
 A wife, by virgins honour'd and belov'd I 
 By blood illuftrious, born of royal race, 
 And once herfclf advanc'd to regal place ! 
 
 She 
 
,i8 MEMOIRS OF, &c. 
 
 She won her title by a double claim, 
 Nurs'd by each Graian mufe, and Gray by name. 
 A martyr twice the caufe of truth fhe own'd : 
 For that flie fuffer'd, was for that dethron'd. 
 A Queen, yet fpotlefs in her pow'r {he flood. 
 And, dying, feal'd religion with her blood. 
 
 I 
 
MEMOIRS OF 119 
 
 A D 
 
 ELIZABETH FANE. 
 
 LADY Elizabeth Fane wrote feveral pfalms and pious 
 meditations, and proverbs, in the Englifli Tongue * ; 
 which were printed by Robert Crowland with this title, The 
 Lady Elizabeth Fane's 2 1 PJahns^ and 102 Proverbs. London, 
 1550, Octavo. 
 
 Who this lady was, is to me very difficult to determine. 
 By the title which is given her, one might imagine flie was aa 
 earl's daughter : but it does not appear from Dugdalc, Collins 
 or any who have given the pedigree of the Fane family, that 
 there was, or indeed could be any fuch lady in it, near the time 
 when file lived. Therefore, whether flie was the wife of Richard 
 Fane, who married ELIZABETH the daughter and heir of 
 Stidolph, and who was living in the latter end of Henry the 
 8th's reign ; or of Sir Thomas Fane, whofe firft wife was 
 ELIZABETFI daughter of Sir Thomas Culpcper of Bedgebury 
 in Kent Knight ' ; and who was engaged in Wyat's rebellion 
 in the firfl: year of Qiieen Mary, I am very nruch at a lofs to 
 afcertain : for if Ihe was living at the time vvlien her book was 
 printed, chronology will admit of either. 
 
 » See Bidiop Tanner's Bibliotheca, r Vid. Mr. Collins's Peerage, Vol. 2. 
 Article Fane ; and Mr. Ames's Hiilorical p. 202, 
 Account of Printing in England, p. 271. 
 
't2d MEMOIRS OF 
 
 MAR 
 
 COUNTESS of ARUNDEL. 
 
 MARY ARUNDEL, was the daughter of Sir 
 Thomas Arundel, Knight, by his fecond wife 
 Catherine, daughter to Sir Thomas Greenvil, Knight ; and 
 was married, firft to Robert RatcUff who died without iffue 
 1566, ': Secondly to Henry Howard Earl of Arundel *, 
 She tranflated from Englifli into Latin, The wife fayings 
 nnd eminent deeds of the Ejnperor Alexander Severus. The 
 tranflation is dedicated to her father (who died in the 36th 
 year of K. Hen. 8.) and begins, ^lam fape in Memoriam. 
 The manufcript is in the royal library at Weftminfter, 12. A. 4. 
 Defirpe et f ami Ha Alexandri Severi, et de fgnis quae ei for- 
 tendeba?it imperiiim. She tranflated alfo from greek into 
 latin, SeleEl fentences of the feven wife Grecian philofophers. 
 The beginning of the preface is, Etfi haSlenus non exercitata 
 &:c. In the fame library 12. A. 3. ^ is preferved of her 
 w^riting, Similies coUedled from the books of Plato, Ariftotle, 
 Seneca, and other philofophers. Dedicated to her father ; 
 -beginning, Intelligo Pater honoratifjime, ex omjiiius lihris, 6cc. 
 
 * Vid. Brookes's Cat. p. 8. ^ Bp. Tanner's BMotheca, p. 50. 
 
 » Collin's Peerage, Vol. p. 92. 
 
MEMOIRS OF 121 
 
 D 
 
 JOANNA LUMLEY. 
 
 JOANNA LUMLEY, was the eldeft daughter and 
 coheirefs of Henry Fitz Allan earl of Arundel, and firfl 
 wife of John Lord Lumley (who died ii of April 1609.) by 
 whom flie had ilVue, Charles, Thomas and Mary, who died 
 infants, and lie buried in the chancel of the church at Cheam 
 m the county of Surrey. She tranflated from the original 
 Greek into Latin, Ifocrates's Oration entitled Archidamus : be- 
 ginning AUqui fortajjh vcftt'iim admiraturi. The manufcript 
 in her own hand writing is in the royal library at Weftminfter, 
 15. A. I. She alfo tranflated the fecond and third orations of 
 Ifocrates to Nicocles, and dedicated them to her father, be- 
 ginning In more ct conjuctudine. This too is in manufcript in 
 the fame library 15, A. 9. She alfo tranflated into Latin an 
 oration of the fame author in praifc of peace, entitled Evagoras. 
 This alfo is dedicated to her fiither, and begins Cicero, pater 
 honoratijjime, iihijiris. The manufcript of which is in tlie 
 flime library, 15. A, 2, & 9. She tranflated from Greek into 
 Englilh the Iphigcnia of Euripides. At the beginning of the 
 argument of the play are thcfe words. After that the Ciiptain 
 of the Grecians — . The manufcript of this performance is 
 
 R likewife 
 
122 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 likewire In the abovementioned library, 15. A. 9. « What 
 other things this learned lady may have tranllated, or wrote of 
 her own compofition , or when flie died, I know not. But I 
 find by her father's will *, dated December 30th 1579, that 
 fhe was then dead. She lies buried in the chancel of the 
 church at Cheam in Surrey : on the fouth fide of which is a 
 fair flab of black marble, fupported with white ; and in alto 
 Relievo two fons, and one daughter, at their prayers. On the 
 top a lady at prayers : over her are two hawks, a curious piece 
 of graving of St. George, fighting on foot with the Dragon : 
 on the top an horfe ; and on the edge of the black tomb, in 
 capitals is this infcription. 
 
 Vixi dum volui, volui dum, Chrifte, volebas, 
 Chrifte, mihi fpes es, vita, corona, falus. 
 
 Jana Henrico Comiti Arundeli^. 
 
 Filia et Coheres, Johanni Baroni de Lumley chariffima 
 conjunx, Praeftans Pietatis iludio, virtutum officiis, et vera no- 
 bilitatis gloria, corpore, fub hoc tumulo in adventum Domini 
 requiefcit '. 
 
 In Englifli thus. 
 
 As long I liv'd, as I defired, for ftill 
 To thine, O Chrift, inclin'd my will. 
 In thy decrees is all my wealth, 
 My hope, my life, my crown, my health, 
 
 ' Vid. Bp. Tanner's Bibliotheca. Art. pag. 485, & 488. 
 Lumley. ' Aubrey's Nat. Hift. & Antiq. of 
 
 * VJd. Mr. CoUins's Peerage, Vvi. 2. Surrey, Vol. 2. J)ag. 114, 115. 
 
 Jane 
 
LADY JOANNA L U M L E Y. 123 
 
 Jane daughter and coheirefs of Henry earl of Arundel, and 
 the mofl dear wife of John Lord Lumley, excelling in her 
 piety, in her moral virtues, and the glory of true nobility, 
 refts (as to her mortal part) interred under this tomb, in ex- 
 pectation of the coming of the Lord. 
 
124 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 A D 
 
 MARY HOWARD. 
 
 MARY HOWARD, was the 2d daughter of Henry 
 Fitz Allan Earl of Arundel, and firft wife of Lord 
 Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk, by whom he had Philip 
 his fon and heir ^ She tranflated out of Greek into Latin, 
 Certain ingenious fentences collected out of various authors. This 
 performance is dedicated to her father ; the beginning of which 
 is Etf plurimis modis, honor at ijjime pater. The manufcript of 
 which is in the royal library at Weftminfter, 12. A. i. 6c 2. 
 She died at Arundel Houfe in the Strand, London, Auguft 25, 
 ^SS7' And lies buried in St. Clements Church near Temple 
 Bar ^ 
 
 * See Mr. Collins's Peerage^ Vol. I. b Dugdale's Baronage, Vol. II. p. 
 p. 15. 276. 
 
MEMOIRS OF 125 
 
 QUEEN MARY. 
 
 QUEEN MARY, the eldefl: daughter of King Henry 
 the 8th, by Catherine of Spain his firft Queen, was 
 born at Greenwich in Kent, February the i8th 15 17, in the 
 eighth year of her f^ither's reign. She was by her mother 
 committed in her infancy to the care of the Lady Margaret 
 countefs of Sahfbury, (a near relation, being daughter to 
 George Duke of Clarence, brother to King Edward the fourth, 
 and mother to the famous cardinal Pool) with a view as fome 
 thought, In default of ifTue male, to marry the princefs to one 
 of the fons of the faid countefs ; to ftrengthen her title by 
 that alliance to the houfe of York. 
 
 Her mother Queen Catherine was very careful of her edu- 
 catipn, and procured her feveral tutors to complete her know- 
 ledge in the latin tongue ; men of the firft rank for learning 
 and great abilities. Her firft preceptor feems to have been the 
 famous Dr. Thomas Lynacre, who drew up for her ufe The 
 Rudiments of Grammar^ &c. Printed by Pinfon, 4to, without 
 date. And afterwards De Emendatd StruSliird Latini Sermonis^ 
 libri Sex. 1524, 410. Dr. Lynacre dying Odober the 20th, 
 1524, when the princefs was but fix years old, Jo. Ludovicus 
 Vives (a very learned man, born at Valenza in Spain, and a 
 great favourite of Queen Catherine's, who feems to have been 
 his only patronefs) was conftijuted her tutor for the latin tongue, 
 
 who 
 
126 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 who had been employ'd the year before by his royal patronefs 
 in compofing De ratione Jludit piierilis, 8vo, for the ufe of the 
 princefs. He dedicated this effay to the Queen, as written by 
 her command ; fupplying in many places the obfcurities and 
 omiffions of former grammarians, with a great deference to 
 the (then) preceptor of the young princefs, Dr. Thomas 
 Lynacre recommending his Rudiments, &c. This learned 
 foreigner continued in his office but a little time : upon his 
 leaving the kingdom, the King appointed Dr. John Harman, 
 alias Voifey to be her tutor (as Heylin obferves ".) But bifhop 
 Godwyn ' fpeaks a litde indeterminately in this affair, and 
 fays only, he had the government of the King's daughter, the 
 lady Mary princefs of Wales. Perhaps this very learned and 
 courtly prelate (who was highly efteemed by King Henry, was 
 employed in many embaffies, and whofe profufe liberality moft 
 lamentably impoveriflied the fee of Exeter ") might be her 
 preceptor for the French and Spanifh languages, which fhe 
 perfedly underflood : and for which good fervice in that place 
 of truft, the King advanced him to the bifhoprick above- 
 mention'd, and afterwards made him lord prefident of Wales. 
 But be this as it may, under the tuition of thofe excellent men 
 file became fo great a miftrefs of the Latin tongue, that Eraf- 
 mus commends her much for her epiflles in that language, as 
 
 ^ Hiftoiy of the Reformation, Part 2. By thefc means this bifhoprick, -which 
 
 p, 10. fometimes was accounted one of the bell, 
 
 ' Catalogue of Englifh Bifhops, Englifh is now in temporal lands one of the mean- 
 Edit, p. 337- eft- He was a great favourer of learned 
 
 '' Bifhop Godwyn fays. That of twenty men, and efpecially of divines, whom he 
 
 two lordfhips and mannors which his pre- preferred in his church above others. He 
 
 decefTors had left unto him of a goodly was very bounteous and liberal to all men, 
 
 yearly revenue, he left but three, and them but efpecially to courtiers, unto his own 
 
 alfo leafed out : and where he found thir- kindred and countrymen — Vid. his cha- 
 
 teen houfes well furnifhed, he left only rafter at large in Godwyn de Prafulibus — . 
 
 one houfe bare and without furniture, and And in Dugdale's Antiq. of Warwickflare, 
 
 yet charged with fundry fees and annuities. Vol. 2. p. 913. 
 
 wrote 
 
CLU E E N M A R Y. 127 
 
 wrote in a good ftyle '. Towards the latter end of her father's 
 reign, at the carneft follicitation of Qiieen Katherine Parr, flie 
 undertook the tranflating of Erafmus's paraphrafe on the Gof- 
 pel of St. John, which by one of the befl: judges of that age", 
 is fiid to be admirably well perform'd. This tranflation is 
 printed in Tfx firji volume of the paraphrafe of Tirafmiis upon 
 tie Ncv) Tejtamcnt^ London 1548, Folio, Before this para- 
 phrafe on St John is a preface wrote by Mr. Udall, the famous 
 mafter of Eaton fchool, and addrefied to the Queen Dowager. 
 In it he obferves to her Majefty " the great number of noble 
 *' women at that time in England, not only given to the ftudy 
 " of human fciences and flrange tongues, butalfo fo throughly 
 " expert in Holy Scriptures that they were able to compare 
 " with the beft writers as well in enditeing and penning of 
 " godly and fruitful treatifes to the inflrudion and edifying of 
 *' realmes in the knowledge of God,- as alfo in tranflating 
 ** good books out of Latin or Greek into Englifli, for the ufe 
 *' and commodity of fuch as arc rude and ignorant of the faid 
 " tongues. It was now, he faid, no news in England to fee 
 *' young damfels in noble houfes and in the courts of princes, 
 *' inftead of cards and other inflruments of idle trifling, to 
 *' have continually in their hands either pfalms, homilies and 
 " other devout meditations ; or elfe Paul's epiftles, or fome 
 *' book of holy fcripture matters, and as familiarly both to 
 *' read or reafon thereof in Greek, Latin, French or Italian, as 
 
 ' Habemus Anglisc Reginam, fsminam tibi ferme parem aetateMariam principem 
 
 egregie doftam, cujus Maria filia fcribit ex Rege dofto, Regina DoiSa, nee minus 
 
 bciie Latinas Epillolas. Eras. Epift. Vcr- pia prognatam, qua: jam fcribet literas & 
 
 gara:. bene latinas, & indolem tali genere dig- 
 
 And in another Epiftle ' Et habes ad nam pri fe ferentes : vide Epill : Erafm : 
 
 profcftiim undique ftimulos, & calcaria Car : Montjoio. Adag. 
 ncquaquam obtufa, primam ipfum paren- 
 tcm, deinde generofiifimam puellam ac "■ Mr. Udall. 
 
 in 
 
128 MEMOIBLSOF 
 
 " In Englifli. It was now a common thing to fee young vlr- 
 " gins fo trained in the ftudy of good letters, that they wil- 
 " lingly fet all other vain paftimes at nought for learning fake. 
 " It was now no news at all, to fee Queens and ladies of moft 
 " high eftate and progeny, inflead of courtly dalliance, to em- 
 " brace virtuous excrcifes of reading and writing, and with 
 " moft earneft ftudy both early and late, to apply themfelves 
 - " to the acquiring of knowledge, as well in all other liberal 
 ^n " artes and difciplines, as alfo moft efpecially of God and his 
 
 ^"' /A'^f'f' " ^o\y world. And in this behalf, fays he, like as to your 
 ' *' highnefs, as well for compofeing and fetting forth many 
 
 " Godly pfalms and divers other contemplative meditations ", 
 " as alfo for cauiing thefe paraphrafes — to be tranflated into 
 " our vulgar tongue, England can never be able to render 
 " thanks fufficient : fo may it never be able as her deferts re- 
 " quire, enough to praifc and magnify the moft noble, the 
 " inoft virtuous, the moft witty and the moft ftudious lady 
 " Mary's grace, daughter of the late moft puiftant and moft 
 " vidtorious King Henry the eighth of moft famous memorjr, 
 " and moft dearly beloved fifter to the King — It may never 
 " be half enough to praife and magnify her Grace for taking 
 " fuch ftudy, pain and travail in tranflatrng this paraphrafe of 
 " Erafmus upon the Gofpel of St. John, at your highnefs 
 " fpecial contemplation, as a number of right well learned 
 " men would both have made courtefie at, and alfo would 
 " have brought it to worfe frame in the doing. — VVhat could 
 " be a more plain declaration of her moft conftant purpofe to 
 " promote God's Word, and the free grace of his gofpel °, 
 
 " Printed Anno, 1545. ver)' book, and all others that had the leaft 
 
 " She retained this good difpofition but tendency towards furthering the reforma- 
 
 a {hort time ; for foon after her atceffion tion, moft of which are particularly fpe- 
 
 to the throne a proclamation was iflucd cified in the faid procl.imation, which 
 
 out for the calling in and fupprefling this orders and commands that " within 15 
 
 days 
 
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 QJJEEN MARY. 129 
 
 than fo effeftually to profecute the work of tranflating 
 which flie had begun, that when flie had with overpainful 
 fhidy and labour of writing cafl: her weak body in a grievous 
 and long fickne^s, yet to the intent the diligent Englifli 
 people ihould not be defrauded of the benefit intended and 
 meant unto them, Ihe committed the fame work to mailer 
 Francis Mallet <• dodlor in the faculty of divinity, with all 
 celerity and expedition to be finifhed and made compleat j 
 that in cafe the King's Majefty's moft royal commandments, 
 by his mofl godly injund:ions expreifed, declared, and pub- 
 liflied, that the liiid paraphrafes fliould within certain 
 months be fet forth to the curates and people of this realm 
 of England, had not prevented her grace, but that flie 
 might eftfoons have put her felf Jo the polifliing thereof^ 
 where it is now very abfolute and perfev^\, it would then, 
 among the rude and homely doings of my felf, and fuch as 
 
 days next after the publication of it, 
 that all profefFors of fuch books (hall 
 bring or deliver, orcaufc the faid books, 
 writings and works and every of them 
 remaining in their cuftody and keeping, 
 to be brought aifd delivered to the ordi- 
 nary of the diocefs, where fuch books, 
 works or writings be or remain, or to 
 his chancellor or commidaries, without 
 fraud, colour or deceipt,_ at the faid 
 ordinaries will and dilpofition to be 
 
 burnt . And by this proclamation 
 
 full power was given to all bilhops, or- 
 dinaries, juftices of peace, mayors, 
 (herifFs, baylifFs and other head officers 
 after the faid i j days expired, to en- 
 quire and fearch out the ^aid books, 
 
 ■ writings and works, and for this pur- 
 
 ■ pofe enter into the houfe or houfes, 
 
 ■ clofets and fecret places of ever^-r^rfon 
 
 ■ of whatfocver degree, being negligent 
 
 " in this behalf, and fufpcfted to keep 
 " any fuch book, writing or works con- 
 " trary to this proclamation : And that 
 " the faid julHces, mayors &c. finding 
 " any of the faid fubjefts negligent and 
 " faulty in this behalf, fiial! commit every 
 " fuch offender to ward,' there to remain 
 " without bail or mainprife, till the fame 
 " ofFejider or offenders have received fuch 
 " punifliment, as the faid ftatute doth 
 " limit or appoint in this behalf." Vid. 
 Afts and Mon. pages, 1450, 1451. 
 
 P His royal miflrefs in regard to the 
 good fervices he had done her nominated 
 him to the fee of Sarum, and he received 
 from iier the temporalities 14 Oftober 
 1558, but was never confecrated ; and af- 
 ter his millreffes death, was fet afide by 
 her fucccllbr. Vid. Antiq. of Cath. ch, 
 of Salisburv, p. 275. 
 
 S ' "I am. 
 
i30 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 " lam, none otherwife have glittered then cloth of gold em- 
 *' powdered among patches of canvas, or pearls and diamonds 
 *' among pebble flones." 
 
 In Mr. Foxe's ads and monuments of the church (befides 
 fome other things) are printed eight letters, written by the 
 princefs Mary to king Edward the 6th and to the lords of the 
 counccl, concerning her nonconformity to the eftablifhment, 
 and about the imprifonment and releafing of her chaplain -Dr. 
 Francis Mallet. 
 
 In the appendix to Mr. Strype's third Vol. of hiftorical me- 
 morials Num. 82, is, a prayer of the lady Mary to the Lord 
 Jefu : againft the affaults of vices. And Num. 83, is, a medita- 
 tion touching adverfity ; made by my lady Mary's grace, 1549. 
 
 In the Sylloge Epijiolariim at the end of T. Livy's life of K. 
 g^ L 4 3 Henry the 5th, publiflied by Mr. Hearne are printed the fol- 
 
 ! lowing letters of queen Mary's, 
 
 Epiftola Marias Principis ad cardinalem Polum, gratias agen- 
 tis pro benevolentia. 
 
 to my Lord to thank him for great favours, dated 
 
 May. 7. 
 
 to King Henry 8, defining that he would exprefs his 
 
 pardon of her crimes by letters, dated June i o. 
 
 to the fecretary- defiring that he would ufe his in- 
 
 tereft that her highnefs be not put to any farther inconvenience 
 in comprifing matters with the king, dated June 10. 
 
 to the fecretary touching an exception in her letter to 
 
 the king, dated June 13. 
 
 i. to King Henry 8, exprefTing her forrow for her offence, 
 afking pardon, and defiring fome expreffions of his favour, 
 ■dated June 14. 
 
 to King Henry 8, expreffing her joy and thanks for his 
 
 majelly's pardon, dated June 26. 
 
QVEEN MARY. 131 
 
 ———to my lord— —giving him thanks for his fuit to his 
 majefty on her behalf, and for the horfe he fent her, dated 
 July I. 
 
 to king Henry 8, thanking him for his pardon, and 
 
 promifing obedience for the future, dated July 8. 
 
 to king Henry 8, upon the fame fubjcd:. Alfo ex- 
 
 prefiing her love and affedlion to the lady Eliz. her fifler dated 
 July 21. 
 
 to my lord dcfiring to hear from the King, and 
 
 thanking his lordiliip for favours received, dated Aug. 20. 
 
 to my lord deliring the continuance of favours, 
 
 dated on a Thurfday Night. 
 
 to my lord concerning fome fuits made for favours 
 
 to the king, dated on a Friday at eleven o'clock at iiight. 
 
 to Mr. Wriothefley, returning thanks for favours, dated 
 
 on Thurfday at nine o'clock in the morning. 
 
 to my lord touching the Emperor's embafladors, 
 
 and her obligations to the King her father, dated on St. Bartho- 
 lomew's day after dinner. 
 
 to my lord defiring that he would intercede with 
 
 the king her fither to increafc her quarterly allowance of forty 
 pounds, dated 8 December. 
 
 to my lord tendring her duty to the King, dated 
 
 on the 17 Dec. late at night. 
 
 to lord Cromwell, thanking liim for his advice, and 
 
 concerning her lodging of ilrangers, dated the 27 May. 
 
 to fecrctary defiring that he would obtain leave for 
 
 her to write to the King, dated 26 May. 
 
 to King Henry 8, acknowledging her offences and 
 
 promifing amendment, dated on a Thurfday at 1 1 o'clock at 
 night. 
 
 S 2 Lady 
 
132 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Lady Mary's fubmiflion, acknowledging the King's imperial 
 fovereignty, and fupremacy, and declaring herfelf to be of 
 ©pinion, that his marriage with Queen Catherine was inceftu- 
 ous and unlawful. 
 
 to king Henry 8, acknowledging his goodnefs and 
 
 <compaflion, and promifing true obedience, dated Odl. 2. 
 
 to fecretary about her calling the lady Elizabeth 
 
 princefs and fifter, about fervants to be appointed for her 
 [the lady Mary,] and about her opinion touching pilgrimages, 
 purgatory, &c. dated on a Friday i o of the clock at night. 
 
 to fecretary— —defiring him to obtain the King's par- 
 don, and to admit her into his prefence, dated May 30. 
 
 to King Henry 8, afking forgivenefs, and expreffing 
 
 her joy for the King's marriage, wifhing him a prince, &c. 
 dated June i. 
 
 — — to fecretary fending the King a token and defiring 
 
 one from his majefty ; and alfo reminding the fecretary that he 
 would intercede with his majefty that flie might be admitted 
 into his prefence, dated June 7. 
 
 to King Henry 8, defiring a letter from his majefty, and 
 
 admifTion into his prefence, dated June 8. 
 
 to the comptroller in behalf of George Brygus to be 
 
 Jcnight at Windfor, dated 17 Odlober. 
 
 to Queen Katherine about her journey towards Norfolk, 
 
 and about the Queen's great belly. 
 
 to King Edward 6, about his majefty's health, dated 
 
 May 16. 
 
 to Sir Edward Haftings, knight, upon the death of 
 
 King Edward 6, dated July 1553. 
 
 to the princefs Elizabeth calling her to St. James's 
 
 upon fufpicion of an infurredion, dated July 26- an. reg. 
 prime. 
 
QJJEEN MARY. 133 
 
 to King Philip, afluring him of her affeftion, and ac- 
 quainting him with the favourable reception the articles of 
 their marriage met with in the Englifh parliament, dated 
 April 20. 
 
 • In the ftate papers publiflied by Mr. Heynes, pages, no, 
 III, are two letters in Spanifli, from the princefs INIary, to the 
 emperor Charles V. both dated 1 549. 
 
 In Bodley's Archives, B. 94. is a manufcript primer, curi- 
 oufly illuminated, which was formerly Queen Mary's, and 
 afterwards prince Henry's. 'Twas given by Richard Connock, 
 Efq; auditor general, follicitor, and of his highnefs council of 
 revenue, July, 7. Anno Regni Regis Jacobi 13. 161 5. Juft 
 at the beginning of the Pfalms in the following pafllige written 
 by Queen Mary's own hand, viz. " Geate you fuch riches as 
 " when the Shype is broken may fwyme away wythe the 
 " mafter. For dyverfe chances takeaway the goods of fortune. 
 *' But the goods of the foule, whychc bee only the trewe goods, 
 *' nother fyer nor water can take away. If you take labour 
 *' and payne to doo a vertuous thyng, the labour goeth away 
 *' and the vertue remaynethe. Yf throughe pleafure you do 
 " any vicious thyng, the pleafure goeth away and the vice re- 
 " maynethe. Good madame for my fake remembre thys. 
 
 *' Your lovyng myftres, ' 
 
 MARYE PRINCESSE." 
 
 Having now done with her literary character I mu{l(notwith- 
 flanding the other tranfadlions of her life and reign are 
 largely defcribed by our hiftorians) for method fake, attend 
 her through the feveral ftages of her life. 
 
 King 
 
134 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 King Edward her brother dying upon the fixth of July, 
 1553, file was upon the twentieth of tlie fame month pro- 
 claimed, and upon the firfl of OQober following, was crowned 
 Queen, in the Abby Church at Weftminfter, by Stephen 
 Gardiner, bifliop of Winchefter, On the 25th of July 1554, 
 fhe was married to Philip, prince of Spain, eldeft fon to the 
 emperor Charles the fifth : and having reigned five years, four 
 months, and eleven days, flie died of a violent feaver, in her 
 palace at St. James's on the feventh of November 1558, in the 
 forty third year of her age. And was buried on the north 
 fide of King Henry the feventh's chapel, in St Peter's church 
 at Weftminfter. 
 
 Pity it is that flie blemiftied her reign, and character, by 
 fo vaft an eftufion of chriftian blood, which was poured forth 
 like water, in moft parts of the kingdom, by that barbarous 
 perfecution of the proteftants ; in which there periflied by 
 fire, five biftiops, twenty one divines, eight gentlemen, eighty 
 four artificers, one hundred huft)andmen, fervants and labour- 
 ers, twenty fix wives, twenty widows, nine virgins, two boys, 
 and two infants j one of which fpringing out of his mother's 
 womb as fhe was burning at the ftake, was immediately fnatch- 
 ed up by one fV. Hoiife, but was afterwards moft inhumanly 
 flung into the fire in the very birth, and added to the number 
 oi Holy Innocents, A cruelty not to be parallel'd in any ftory 
 (faith Dr. Heylin ^) nor heard of among the nations. Sixty 
 four more in thofe furious times were prefented for their faith, 
 whereof feven were nipped, as Heylin expreffes it, fixteen pe- 
 riflied in prilbn, twelve buried in dunghills, and many more 
 lay in captivity condemned, which were delivered, by the 
 
 9 Hiftory of the reformation, part 2. ing the infant, may be feen at large in 
 p. 57. The hiftor}' of the Guernfey wo- x!ti^ Aits and Monuments of the Church, p. 
 xnei\, and detellable inhumanity of burn- 1763. edit. 1610. 
 
 timely 
 
Q^U E E N M A R Y. 135 
 
 timely death of the Queen, and mofl: aufpicious entrance of 
 the princefs Elizabeth. The abovementioned author obiervcs, 
 that befides thofe that fuffered martyrdom in the fight of 
 the world, many more are thouglit to have been privately 
 deftroyed in prifon ; but many more flill, to the number of 
 fome fcores or hundreds, fuppofcd to have been killed by 
 ftarving, flenches, and other barbarous ufagcs in their feveral 
 jayls. To which if we Ihould add a catalogue of all thofe 
 who fled the kingdom, and put themfelves into a voluntary 
 exile, amounting to the number of eight hundred or there- 
 abouts, I fuppofe it may be well concluded, that though many 
 perfecutions have lafled longer, yet none fince Dioclefian's 
 time ever raged fo cruelly. 
 
 Many proteftants have entertained exceeding favourable fen- 
 timents of the Queen upon this occafion, and feem to think, 
 that in herfelf, abftrafted from her erroneous opinions, and 
 from her bloody councellors, flie was of a compafTionate and 
 humane difpofition ; and that moft of thofe barbarities were 
 tranladted by her bidiops without lier privity or knowledge. 
 But this will feem very llrange to any one who duly confiders 
 the vicinity of St. James's to the place where very many of 
 thofe inhumanities were put in execution. It feems impoihble, 
 that Smith-Field lliould be kept in flames almoll: five years to- 
 gether, and Queen Mary know little or nothing of it ; and 
 very furprizing that fhe fliould not relent at it. I would 
 not by any means defire thole people to lofc their charity ; but 
 I fliould be glad to know how they can poflibly reconcile v/ith 
 this their opinion of the Queen, that unkind and inhuman 
 treatment her fifter the lady Elizabeth met with from her: 
 • or how they can fuppofe a Princefs fo much inclined to fhew 
 mercy to her fubjedls, who could admit of a council for the 
 taking up and burning of her father's body. Was not the 
 
 moi\i 
 
136 
 
 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 mod ungrateful and perfidious breach of her promife, with 
 her very faithful and loyal fubjedts the Suffolk men, a moft 
 flagrant inflance of the ferocity of her temper ? And after 
 iudgc Hales had fo Ih-enuouily defended and maintained her 
 right of fucceflion to the crown, was he not treated by her in 
 the moll: ungenerous and barbarous manner ? Neither was her 
 ufage of that truly primitive prelate archbi/liop Cnmmer lefs 
 cruel : which was moft aftonirtiing, fince his great, and well 
 known reludtance to the excluding her from the fucceflion, and 
 his preferving her life ' in the reign of her father, were obli- 
 gations of fuch a nature, as would have engaged a temper, in 
 the leaft fufceptible of gratitude, not only to excufe the part 
 which he adled in the affair of her mother's divorce ; but alfo 
 to afford him, if not her favour and confidence, yet at leaft her 
 proteftion. But how various foever men's fentiments may be 
 
 ' Bifliop Burnet in tlie fecond vol. of the 
 hiftoiy of the reformation, pages 240, 241, 
 obferves, that her firm adherence to her 
 mother's caufe and intereft, and her bacli- 
 wardnefs in fubmitting to the King her 
 father, were thought crimes of fuch a na- 
 ture by his Majefty, who was always im- 
 patient of contradiftion, that he was re- 
 folved to ftrike a terror in all his people, 
 by putting her openly to death. And 
 when all others were unwilling to hazard 
 their own intereft to preferve her, the good 
 archbifhop alone ventured to do it. In his 
 gentle way, he told the King " that {he 
 " was young and indifcreet, and therefore 
 *' it was no wonder if fhe obftinately ad- 
 " hered to that which her mother, and all 
 " about her, had been infufmg into her 
 *' for many years : but that it would ap- 
 •' pear ftrange if he fhould for this caufe 
 •' fo far forget he was a father, as to pro- 
 " ceed to extremities with his own child : 
 *' tliat if ihe were feparated froin her 
 
 " mother, and her people, in a little time, 
 " there might be ground gained on her ; 
 " but to take away her life, would raife 
 '• horror through all Europe againft him," 
 By thefe means he preferved her life at 
 that tijne. Queen Catherine hearing of 
 the King's bloody intention, wrote a long 
 letter to her daughter, in which flie en- 
 couraged her to liiffer chearfuUy, to trult 
 to God, and keep her heart clean. She 
 charged her in all things to obey the King's 
 commands, except in the matters of reli- 
 gion. She fent her two Latin books, the 
 one De Vita Chrijli, with the declaration 
 of the gofpels; the other Stjeroms Epiftlos 
 to Paula and Euftochium. The whole 
 Ep. may be feen lamong the Records at 
 the end of the fecond vol. of Bp. Burnet's 
 hiltery of the reformation, Numb. 2. p.^ 
 242. I take notice of this letter in tiiis 
 place, becaufe it was omittfid by forget- 
 fulnefs in the memoirs of Queen Catherine, 
 
 in 
 
QJU E E N M A R Y. 137 
 
 in thofe affairs ; yet, all mufl unanimoufly confefs, that after 
 fhe had abolished proteflantifm, &c. a train of infelicities at- 
 tended her to the end of her life, viz. extreme fcarcity of pro- 
 vifions at home ; foreign lofles ; the furrender of Callis ; and 
 befides all this, great damages by thunder and lightning, and 
 by fire in the royal navy ; which were things, that not only in 
 the meafure, but in the very nature of the punifhment, were 
 ftrong indications of the divine difpleafurc, and manifell re- 
 proofs of that perfecuting fpirit, that is fo ready to call down 
 fire from heaven. Nor were they without their proper effedl, 
 for thefe afflidlions, together with her difappointment in child- 
 bearing, and the abfence and unkindnefs of King Philip; made 
 fo deep an impreffion upon her fpirits, as at length threw her 
 into a burning feaver, which ended her life. 
 
 LADY 
 
138 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 LADY ANNE, 
 LADY MARGARET, 
 
 LADY JANE SEYMOUR. 
 
 ANNE, MARGARET and JANE SEYMOUR, 
 three fifters illuftrious for their learning in the fixteenth 
 century. They wrote four hundred Latin diftichs upon the 
 death of the C^een of Navarre, Margaret de Valois % fifter 
 •of Francis the firft, which were tranflated foon after into 
 Greek, French and Itahan, and printed at Paris in 1551, un- 
 der the title of 'Tombeaii de Marguerite de Valois Royne de 
 Navarre. Nicholas Denifot, who had been preceptor to thofe 
 three learned ladies, made a coUedlion, containing the tranfla- 
 tion of their diftichs, and fome other verfes, as well in honour 
 of them, as upon the death of the Queen of Navarre, and 
 dedicated it to Margaret de Valois, Dutchefs of Berri, fifter of 
 Henry 2. They have been praifed by feveral authors particu- 
 larly by Ronfard ', whofe ode upon thefe three ladies contains 
 
 » She died Dec. 21, 1549, :• Vid. the third Ode of the fifth Book. 
 
 this 
 
LADY ANNE, &c. 139 
 
 this compliment among others, that if Orpheus heard them, 
 he would become their fcholar. " If that famous Harper 
 " (fays he) heard the fong of thefe Syrens, who fing upon 
 " the foamy fliores of the fandy Albion, he would break his 
 " pagan lyre, and become their fcholar in order to hear their 
 " chriftian fong, their voice excelling his — Learning, which fo 
 " long refiding in the eafl, at lall has by degrees advanced 
 " into the weft, and never ftopped till it arrived at that un- 
 " known land, whither flie came to engage the affedtion of 
 " thefe three virgins, the only ones of our age ; and rtie 
 " fucceeded fo well with them, that we hear them fmging 
 " their many diftichs, which we blufli to find fuperiour to 
 " our own." 
 
 And Nicholas de Herberai Sieur des Eftars, fo well known 
 for his French tranflation of Aviadis de Gaiile, has faid very 
 handfome thino^s of thefe ladies in a letter which he wrote to 
 them, and which was prcfix'd to the colled:ion of epitaphs on 
 Qiieen Margaret. It is fomewhat furprizing that they are fo 
 little known at prefent. " I have alked (fays Monficur Bayle) 
 " fome Englifhmen of great learning, and well verfed in the 
 " knowledge of books and authors, what thofe three ilUiftri- 
 " ous Englifla ladies were, and have told them the little I knew 
 " of them: they anfwered me, that they knew nothing at all of 
 " them. I have received the fame anfwer from Paris, though 
 " I confulted perfons who in that kind of knowledge have 
 *' fcarce any equals. Thefe three famous ladies muft incvita- 
 " bly be funk into oblivion, lince Mr. Juncker has not faid one 
 " word of them in the Catalogue of kanwd Women ^ which he 
 " publirtied fome time a go ". He fometimes quotes Pits; fince 
 " therefore he fays nothing of thefe ladies, it is a proof, that 
 
 " It is an Appendix to his Trcatife de which he publifli'd at Leipfic in 1692, in 
 Ephemerjdibus five diai"iis Eruditorum, i zmo. 
 
 T 2 " Pits 
 
I40 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 ■«* Pits himfelf fays nothing of them. A friend of mine had 
 " before allured me that neither Bale nor Pits, who have treated 
 " fo amply of the writers of that learned nation, have faid 
 " any thing of thefe three fifters." Thus far monfieur Bayle ; 
 to whom the indefatigable editors of the laft edition of that 
 ufeful work, have not added one word. 
 
 That neither Leland, Bale or Pits take any notice of thefe 
 ladies is not to be wonder'd at, when 'tis confider'd that Bale 
 brought his work no lower than the year 1548 : Leland was 
 deprived of his reafon, and died diftraded foon after : and Pits 
 had fuch an extravagant averfion to proteftantifm that he pur- 
 pofely omitted all the writers which were of that opinion. 
 Therefore, as thefe ladies did not make their appearance in the 
 -learned world 'till the year 1551, and were, I doubt not, very 
 'iincere proteflants ; we are not to wonder that there is no no- 
 tice taken of them by the above mention'd writers. How- 
 ever, I have taken fome pains in order to trace them out, and 
 if I am not deceived in my conjedture '', they were the daugh- 
 ters of Edward Seymour duke of Somerfet, and uncle to K. 
 'Ed. 6, by Anne his fecond wife, daughter to Sir Edward 
 Stanhope, knight, by whom he had fix daughters, all bred 
 up to learning, the eldeft of which was Anne, the fecond 
 ■Margaret, and the third Jane. This is the very order in which 
 monfieur Bayle has placed them, by the authority I fuppofe of 
 the printed book of their diflichs. I can at prefent fee but one 
 objedtion which can be made to this conjedure ; and that is, 
 the age of the youngefl fifter, who at mofi: could be but in her 
 eleventh year : but if thofe v.?ho imagine her too young for per- 
 ■formances of this nature will but allow her to have been aflifted 
 
 =■ Since the writing of this, I find my colleftions, in Corpus Ch. College Ar- 
 "tojijefture fupported by the authority of chivss, 
 lAlr, Fulman, in the 15th vol. of his MS 
 
LADY ANNE, &c. 141 
 
 "by her fifters, or which is more probable by her preceptor, in 
 order (perhaps) to gain her honour and himfelf applaul'e, this 
 exception will vanifli inftantly. Anne the eldeft of the three 
 was married firfi: to John Dudley Earl of Warwick, and after- 
 ward to Sir Edward Unton, knight of the bath. It appears 
 from a letter in my poffelhon wrote with her own hand to lady 
 Malbie, that Ihe was living toward the latter end of Queen 
 Elizabeth's reign. Margaret the fecond, died a maid : but I 
 find ^ that flie was defired in marriage by the lord Strange, in 
 the year 1551. For a letter was direded from the King and 
 Council to the Earl of Darby his father, dated in July, that 
 the King's Majefty was well pleafed, that his fon (hould fo- 
 lemnize marriage with his kinfwoman the lady Margaret, 
 daughter to the Duke of Somerfet. But 'tis very probable the 
 duke's difgrace and misfortunes, that foon after befel him, 
 prevented this match. And Jane the third died alfo in her 
 virginity; notwithftanding her fiither's endeavours to have 
 married her to King Edward ; which he fecretly laboured to 
 do } and employed the Lord Strange (who was frequently with 
 liis Majefty) to recommend her to him, and to take his op- 
 portunity to move the King that way "^. She was one of the 
 maids of honour to Queen Elizabeth, and in great favour with 
 her royal miftrefs ; and dying on the 19th of March, An. 1560, 
 in the 20th year of her age, fhe was buried in St Edmund's 
 chapel in Weftminfter abby, with very great folemnity. Her 
 corps were brought from the (^^een's armory, to the abby 
 church, attended with all the quire of the faid abby, and two 
 hundred of the court, and fixty mourners ; confifting of lords 
 and ladies, gentlemen and gentlewomen, all in black; befides 
 others of the Queen's privy-chamber. She had a great ban- 
 
 y Strj'pe's Memorials Ecdefiaftical, vol. * Ibid. p. 357. 
 3. p. 358. 
 
 ner 
 
142 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 ner of arms born ; Mr. Clarencius, was the herald attendlng^. 
 And Scambler, Bp. of Peterborough, added to the folemnity 
 a funeral fermon. On the eafl of the above mention'd chapel 
 is a fmall but neat monument of black marble and alabafter, 
 beautified with fmall pillars of the Corinthian order, em- 
 belliflied with gold, and adorn'd with coats of arms, &;c. and 
 the following infcription. 
 
 The Noble Lady Jane Seymour, Daughter to the renowned 
 Prince Edward, Dulce of Somerfet, Earl of Hertford, Vifcount 
 Beauchamp, Baron Seymour, and to the Right Noble Lady 
 Anne Dutchefs of Somerfet, his Wife, departed this Life in her 
 Virginity at the age of nineteen Years, the nineteenth of 
 March, Anno 1 560, in the fecond Year of the moft happy 
 reign of Queen Elizabeth, and was honourably buried in the 
 floor of this Chappel : to whofe Memory, Edward Earl of 
 Hertford and Baron Beauchamp, her dear Brother, hath caufed 
 this Monument to be made. 
 
 Befides this infcription, Mr Camden has preferved a copy of 
 Latin verfes in her commendation, in his account of the mo- 
 numents in Weftminfter abby, compos'd by Dr. Haddon ' ; 
 which are not now to be found in that church, and are as 
 follow, 
 
 IN OBITVM DOMINv^ IANtE Somerfetenfis. 
 
 Ingenio prxflans, 6c vultu Jana decoro, 
 Nobilis arte fuit vocis, 6c arte manus. 
 
 Hinc Venus, 6c Pallas certant utra debet habere, 
 Vult Venus, efle fuam, Pallas 6c effe fuam. 
 
 » Vid. Haddon's Poems, pages 103, 104. 
 
 Mors 
 
LADY ANNE, &c. 143 
 
 Mors fera virgineo figens in peftore telum, 
 Neutrius (inquit) erit, fed mihi praeda jacet. 
 
 Corpore Jana jacet, tellurem terra fubibit, 
 Sed plus in coeli fpiritus arce fedeL 
 
 On the Death of Lady Jane Somerfet. 
 
 For genius fam'd, for beauty lov'd : 
 
 Jane bade the world admire : 
 Her voice harmonious Notes improv'd. 
 
 Her hand the tunefuli Lyre. 
 Venus and Pallas claim'd this Maid, 
 
 Each as her right alone, 
 But Death fuperiour pow'r difplay'd 
 
 And feiz'd her as his own. 
 Her Virgin duft this mournful! Tomb, 
 
 Li kindred Earth contains, 
 Her Soul which Fate can ne'er confume 
 
 Li endlefs Glory reigns. 
 
144 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 CATHERINE TISHEM. 
 
 I AM intirely ignorant in relation to the birth, parentage, and 
 the time when this learned gentlewoman died, and there- 
 fore I don't know where to put her more properly than in 
 this place. She was a great linguift ; for befides the Engliflij 
 her native tongue, the French and Italian, fhe was exceeding- 
 ly well fkill'd in Latin, and underllood the Greek language fo' 
 perfectly, that flie could read Galen in that tongue, which 
 very few Phyficians are able to do. She was married to Gual- 
 therus Gruter, a burgomafler of Antwerp, about the middle 
 of the fixteenth century ; by whom flie had the celebrated 
 Janus Gruter, a learned Philologer, and one of the moft in- 
 defatigable writers of his age, who was born at Antwerp the 
 third of December 1560. But being perfecuted for the pro- 
 teftant religion by the dutchefs of Parma, governefs of th& 
 Netherlands, fhe brought him into England about the year 
 1565. Balthafar Venator obferves '* to her honour, that fhe 
 was her fons chief inftrudtor. He was of the Univerfity of" 
 Cambridge ; but going thence to Leyden 1 579, about the 
 nineteenth year of his age ; it is not improbable that his mo- 
 ther died in that year. I am afraid (fays the author of the 
 //^ «, ■■'Vi^ notes to the life of Grutur in the great hiftorical dictionary to 
 
 '^'^' L^'' / whom I am obliged for this account) that thofe who have 
 
 •^ t<i /^ ••'''^^ ^— '• pubhfhed catalogues of learned women have omitted Cathe- 
 f ■ rine Tilliem too often. 
 
 ■» In Panegir : Gruteri, apud Henning. Wirte. Memor. Philofophorum, Orato- 
 rum, &c. page 227. 
 
 ft- .^^i^'-i 
 
 
MEMOIRS OF 14^- 
 
 JANE COUNTESS OF 
 WESTMORLAND. 
 
 JANE ' Countefs of Weftniorland, was the clticft daugh- 
 ter of Henry earl of Surrey, cldeft fon of Thomas duke 
 of Norfolk, (beheaded in the Ufe time of his father 19th Ja- 
 nuary 1546-7) by Frances his wife, daughter to John earl of 
 Oxford ; and was married to Cliarles Nevil earl of W^ertmor- 
 land, by whom flie had ilTue Catherine, wife of Sir Tliomas 
 Gray of Thillingham, in the county of Northumberland, 
 knight : Eleanor never married : Margaret wife of Nicholas 
 
 Pudfey of and Anne the wife of David Engleby, brother 
 
 of Sir William Engleby of Ripley in the county of York 
 
 knight. This ingenious lady made fuch a furprizing progrefs 
 
 in the Latin and Greek tongues, under the tuition of Mr. Fox 
 
 the Martyrologift, that we are aflured by Mr. Samuel Fox in 
 
 the life of his fiither '', that her iklW m thofe languages was 
 
 fuch, that flic might well ftand in competition with the greateft 
 
 men of that age. The latter part of her life was render'd 
 
 very unhappy by the indifcrction of her hufband, who being 
 
 forgetful of his duty to his Prince, engaged himfelf in an infur- 
 
 redion in the North, An. 1 569. For which rebellion he was by 
 
 parliament adjudged a traytor, and had his goods and lands con- 
 
 fifcated, (1570) and was himfelf to have fuffer'd death, had 
 
 he not fled beyond fea, where he lived long after, in a very 
 
 poor and miferable condition; dying abroad in an advanced age. 
 
 ' Brooke p. 597, and from him Sir •■ Prefi.\'d to the Ift. vol. of the Aft* 
 W. Dugdale in his Baronage, vol. I. p. and Monuments of the Church. 
 50). by a miflakc call this lady ANNE. 
 
 U ELIZABETH 
 
146 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 ELIZABETH DANCY. 
 
 ELIZABETH DANCY was the fecond daughter of Sir 
 Thomas More, Lord High-Chancellor of England, and 
 of Jane his wife j and was born in London, Ann. 1509. She 
 was educated in the learned languages, and moft of the fci- 
 ences, by thofe great mafters already mentioned in the memoirs 
 of her fifter Mrs. Roper, in which iTie was a very great pro- 
 ficient. She correfponded with Erafmus, who applauds her 
 for her pure Latin flyle, and genteel way of writing. She 
 was married when very young to Mr. Dancy, the fon and 
 heir of Sir John Dancy '. What fhe wrote, or when flie died 
 I never could learn. Dr. Thomas Stapleton ^ tells us that he 
 had feen an apology of Sir Thomas More's to the Univerfity 
 of Oxford, tranflated into Latin by one of his daughters, and 
 turn'd into Englifli again by another. But as he does not fa- 
 vour us with their names, I am at a lofs which of them to 
 afcribe it to. We are likewife informed that one of thefe 
 gentlewomen tranflated into Englifh a Latin paraphrafe upon 
 the Lord's Prayer. ^ Bifhop Tanner in his Bibliotbeca at- 
 tributes it to Mrs. Roper. Scd quare. 
 
 « More's life of Sir Thomas More, ^ Vide the Englifh tranflation of Eraf- 
 p. 48. mus's Comment on the Creed, printed by 
 
 f More'i life, &c. p. 123. Redman. Fol. 175. 
 
 CECILIA 
 
MEM OIRS OF 
 
 147 
 
 CECILIA HERON. 
 
 CECILIA HERON, the third and youngeft cLiugh- 
 ter of Sir Thomas More, was born in London, A. D. 
 1510. She was educated in ahiioft all kinds of learning in 
 her father's houfe, by the abovementioncd mafters, in which 
 fhe made a very confiderable progrefs. She was a perfedl 
 miftrefs of tlie Latin tongue, which flic wrote with great 
 purity ; for which {he is much commended by Erafmus, 
 with whom flie correfponded. She was married when very 
 young to Gyles Heron of Shakelwel in the county of Mid- 
 dlefex, Efqj 
 
 U2 
 
 MARGARET 
 
148 , M E M O I R S O F 
 
 MARGARET CLEMENT. 
 
 "^ /TARGARET CLEMENT, an ingenious kinfwoman of 
 ^J'k'A. Sir Thomas More' s, was born A. D. 1508; fhewasa 
 domelHc of Sir Thomas's from her childhood, where (lie 
 was carefully educated with his daughters in the learned lan- 
 guages, and in almoft all the liberal fciences, in which ihe 
 feems to have made a great progrefs. She correfponded with 
 the celebrated Erafmus, who commends her epiftles for their 
 good fenfe and chaft Latin. Mr. Thomas More who wrote 
 the life of his great-grandfather Sir Thomas, makes honour- 
 able mention of her, and ftiles her a iingular learned wo- 
 man. '' She was a great admirer of Sir Thomas's exemplary 
 virtues, and ufed to report, that flie had frequently committed 
 faults defignedly, purely to hear Sir Thomas chide her, he 
 did it with fuch gravity, fuch moderation, fuch love and com- 
 paflion. She very carefully kept and preferved the fliirt ' where- 
 in Sir Thomas fuffered all ftained with his blood : and alfo 
 hisfliirt of hair. About the year 1531, fhe was married to 
 her learned tutor Dr. John Clement, whofe nuptials were 
 celebrated in the following copy of latin verfes compofed by 
 our famous Antiquarian poet Mr. John Leland ^. 
 
 * Life oF Sir Thomas More p. 81 . '^ John Leland in Encom. Troph. Epi- 
 
 ; Ibid. p. 358. thalamiis, &c. p. 38. 
 
 EPITHA- 
 
MARGARET CLEMENT. 149 
 
 E P I T H A L A M I U M 
 
 JO. CLEMENTIS MEDICI & MARGARETiE. 
 
 Mufae purpurcis novem revindlas 
 Sertis, nunc Helicone cur relidlo 
 Hue tendant, Icpidos modos canentes : 
 Cur iundlis manibus levem choream, 
 Tarn prster Iblitum colant, venufla 
 Die qu2elb foror O ! mihi Thalia. 
 
 THALIA. 
 
 Hsec lux, qusB rofea lampadc pandltur, 
 Clementi niveam jungit amiculam, 
 Et dat conjugii iidere fauflulo 
 
 Pulchri primitias facras. 
 GriEcis litterulis vir nitet undique, 
 Conjux eloquio pra;nitet Italo, 
 Hinc feftus properat Pieridum chorus 
 
 Ut dukes decorant thoros. 
 
 EUPHROSYNE. 
 
 Splcndidam lucem celebremus ergo, 
 Sedula cura niveau Sorores : 
 Illitas dextris faculas tenentes 
 
 Sulphure vivo, 
 Virgines et nunc alacres amoense 
 Incolas Cyrrhag comitemur almas, 
 Vocibus belle refonis canentes 
 
 Carmina laeta, 
 
 A G L A I A. 
 
ISO M E M O I R S O F 
 
 A G L A I A. 
 
 Hue Hymenaee veni, crocea redimite tiara, 
 
 Et grato faveas ignibus ore no vis. 
 Lucida felici veniat fax, omine quaefo, 
 
 Afluetafque preces die Hymenaee tuas. 
 Candida nam dodlo Clementi jungitur uxor, 
 
 Margaris, infigni virgo decore nitens. 
 
 Thus tranflated into Englifli. 
 
 The EPITHALAMIUMonJO. CLEMENT 
 and M A R G A R E T his Wife: 
 
 Beauteous Thalia, tell me, pray. 
 What makes the facred nine to-day 
 Hither advance from Helicon, 
 Each with their purple garlands on ? 
 What is the caufe, they joyful fing, 
 And hand-in-hand dance in a Ring j 
 So charming and fo nev/ a thing ? 
 
 THALIA. 
 
 This morn, which bright and lovely rofe, 
 Joyns Clement to his beauteous fpoufe j 
 Gives with a planet fortunate 
 An Effay of their happy flate. 
 
 None drew from Greece more fkill than He, 
 And none from Latium more than She. 
 Hence 'tis the joyful mufes throng 
 To grace them with a bridal fong. 
 
 EUPHRO- 
 
MARGARET CLEMENT. 151 
 
 EUPHROSYNE. 
 
 This joyous morn then, fifters fair. 
 Let's celebrate with utnioft care ; 
 Let torches in our hand to day. 
 Their bright their living fires difplay. 
 Let us attend the chearful train 
 Of nymphs, that near ParnafTus reign j 
 And with harmonious voices vie 
 In making joyful melody. 
 
 A G L A I A. 
 
 Hither, O Hymen, come ! and round thy head 
 
 Thy fragrant flowry chaplet fpread j 
 And with thy gracious blefTing deign t'approve ' 
 
 The prefent fcene of mutual love. 
 May the bright torch propitious fhine, I pray ; 
 
 Hymen ! thy wonted off 'ring pay : 
 For Clement and his Marg'ret wedded are, 
 
 As learned he, as flie is fair. 
 
 Mrs. Clement had one daughter named Winefrid, on whofe 
 education Ihe beflow'd the fame care as had been taken of her 
 own. Mr. Anthony a Wood fliles her an ingenious and learned 
 woman, and fays that Ihe was married to Mr. William Raffall 
 (nephew to Sir Thomas More) a celebrated writer, and the 
 mofb eminent lawyer of his time. 
 
 Dr. Clement with his learned confort, left England for the 
 fake of religion, and fettled at Mechlin in Brabant, where flie. 
 died ' July the 6th, 1 570, in the 63d year of her age : and was 
 buried near to the tabernacle in St. Rumbold's church there. 
 ' Vide Mr. Anth. a Wood's Ath. Oxon. vol. i. fol, 175. 
 
 MARY 
 
152 
 
 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 MARY ROPER. 
 
 A R Y ROPER, the youngeft daughter of Margaret 
 Roper. This much admired lady had all imaginable 
 care taken of her education, and flie made fuch a ufe of it as 
 to appear altogether worthy of fuch a mother. Befides the 
 abovementioned tutors Dr. Cole and Dr. Chriftopherfon, flie 
 had that noted Grecian Mr. John Morvven "" for her Precep- 
 tor ; under whofe happy inrtrudtions flie became a perfed: 
 miftrefs of the Greek and Latin tongues : in both which 
 languages fl:ie wrote feveral orations j which were fo much ad- 
 mired by her tutor Mr. Morwen, that he tranflated many of 
 them into Englifh. 
 
 She tranflated her mother's Latin Verfion of Eufebius's 
 church hiftory into Englifli ; which flie dedicated to Queen 
 Mary. Alio part of her grandfather Sir Thomas More's 
 Latin expofition of the paffion of our faviour ; in which, flie 
 imitated Sir Thomas's ftile fo exaftly, that Mr. More tells us, 
 it may feem originally to have been written by Sir Thomas 
 himfelf. Mr, Roger Afcham fliles this learned lady an emi- 
 nent ornament of her fex, and of Queen Mary's court ; fhe 
 being one of the gentlewomen, (fo they were then called) of 
 Queen Mary's privy chamber. She was firft married to Mr. 
 Stephen Clarke "j and afterwards to Mr. James Baffet. 
 
 «" Wood's Athense Oxon. laft Edit. vol. Edit, of Roper's Life of Sir Thomas, p. 
 
 I. Col. 82. 176, mentions her as Sir Thomas More's 
 
 n Mr. More ca'ls her Sir Thomas Daughter. 
 More's Niece. And Mr. Lewis in his 
 
MEMOIRS OF 153 
 
 MARGARET ASCHAM. 
 
 MARGARET ASCHAM, wife of the celebrated Mr. 
 Roger Afcham Preceptor to the moft illuftrious Queen 
 Ehzabeth, deferves to be remembred among the learned and 
 ingenious of the fair fex, fincc the prefcrvation of her huf- 
 band's book entituled the Scbocl-tnajicr 6cc. is owing to her 
 care. She wrote an epiftle dedicatory to the honourable Sir 
 William Cecill, Knight, &c. which fhe prefix'd to this ex- 
 cellent performance, and publiHicd it in quarto at London 1570. 
 It was afterwards printed at the fame place Anno 1589. And 
 has been lately reprinted with explanatory notes, &c. by the 
 Revd. Mr. James Upton, A. M. Reftor of Brimpton in Som- 
 erfctHiire, and late fellow of king's college in Cambridge, 
 London, 171 1. 
 
 Mrs. Afchams maiden name was How. She was married 
 to Mr. Afcham A. D. 1554, to whom flie brought a con- 
 fiderable fortune. When flie died, or whether Ihe did any 
 thing more towards the advancement of learning I know not : 
 but it is very probable that flie lies buried with Mr. Afcham 
 in the church of St. Sepulchre without Newgate, London. • 
 
 MARY 
 
'54 
 
 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 MAR 
 
 QJJ EEN of SCOTLAND. 
 
 MARY Queen of Scotland has been the fubjed: of (6 
 much difcourfe, and has been fo highly celebrated for 
 her learning, wit and beauty throughout Europe, that I muft 
 not omit her in this catalogue, notwithflanding I can fay but 
 little in relation to her literary character ; for the many writers 
 of her hiftory have been fo full in their accounts of her mif- 
 fortunes and tragical end, and fo warmly engaged either in 
 heightening or depreffing her reputation in regard to her con- 
 duQ. in life, that they have almoft all forgot to tranfmit to 
 poflerity an account of her education and what part fhe bore 
 in the republic of letters. The limits of this defign will not 
 permit me to give a detail of the former part of her charadler, 
 and of the latter I can only give a few hints. 
 
 She was born on the eighth day of December, in the year 
 1 J42, and was the daughter and heir of James the fifth King 
 of Scots, by Mary of Lorraine, hi-s fecond Queen, and 
 Dowager of I .ongueviile. She was not eight days old when her 
 father died ; whereupon enfued great animofities among the 
 nobility, who fhould have theadminiflration of publick affairs, 
 
 and 
 
MARY QUEEN OF SCOTLAND. 155 
 
 and the guardianfliip of the young Queen. But after many- 
 debates it was at lall: judged to belong of right to the earl of 
 Arran, as being by proximity of blood the next heir to the 
 crown in legitimate defcent, and the firll peer of Scotland. 
 Whereupon by the unanimous confent and decree of the 
 nobility and people, he was chofen governour of the kingdom, 
 and guardian of the Queen ; who in the mean time remained 
 with her Mother in the royal palace of Linlithgow. 
 
 Great fuit being made by King Henry the eighth, in the be- 
 half of his fon Edward, for this princefs in her childhood ; 
 at lafl, it was agreed between the chief peers of both king- 
 doms, that file fhould be given in marriage to that prince j 
 which being refufed afterwards by her governour, occafioned 
 the famous battle of Muflelburgh. Upon the defeat of the 
 Scots at this battle, flie was conveyed by the Queen mother 
 into the Ifle of Inchemahom, where Ihe hrff laid the founda- 
 tion of her knowledge in the Latin, French, Spanifli and 
 Italian tongues ; in which flie afterwards arrived at fo great 
 perfedion, that few were found to equal her in any of them, 
 and none fuperior in them all ". 
 
 The Queen mother being inclined to the interefl of France, 
 by her care, the young Queen at the age of fix years or there- 
 abouts, was fent thither in the galliesof Villagagnon, a knight 
 of Rhodes appointed by the French King unto this fervice. In 
 which voyage by the weft fcas (for in the other pafi'ige near 
 the ffraits of Callis, the Englilh had laid a flrong navy to in- 
 tercept her) Hie hardly efcaped drowning by means of a ftorm 
 that happened near the coafi: of little Britain in France, where 
 flie afterwards landed ''. From tlience flic was conveyed unto 
 
 " Vid. Dr. Jebb's life of Mar)' Queen p See Mr. Udall's preface to his life of 
 of Scots, p. 18. Mary Queen of Scots. 
 
 X 2 the 
 
156 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 the court, and having tarried there a few days with the king 
 and Queen, (he was fent to a monaftery, where were ed cated 
 the daughters of the chief nobiUty of the kingdom ; and here 
 flie fpent her time with fo much plea(ure and fitisfaftion, that 
 file feemed as if formed for a monaftick Hfe. She was con- 
 ftant in all the offices of devotion, and fo ftriftly obfervant of 
 the direcftions that were laid before her for the condudl of Hfe, 
 and regulation of her manners, that flie drew upon her the ad- 
 nviration of all who beheld her. Upon her return to the 
 court, fhe felefted for her companions fuch as had diflinguifli- 
 ed themfelves by fome extraordinary pre-eminence of Virtue. 
 She placed much of her fludy in learning the modern langu- 
 ages, and to thefe flie added the Latin, which fhe underflood 
 to fuch a degree of perfedlion, that (he fpoke an oration of 
 her own compofition, in that language, in the great guard 
 Room at the louvre before the royal family and nobility of 
 France '. She was naturally inclined to poetry, and made fo 
 great a progrefs in the art, as to be a writer herfelf ; and her 
 compofitions were valued much by Monfieur Ronfard ', who 
 was himfelf at that time efteemed an eminent poet. 
 
 A very moderate fhare of fuch accomplifliments in a fove- 
 reign princefs is fure to be not only celebrated, but greatly 
 magmfied by the Poets of the age. But this Queen's attain- 
 ments are as well attefted by hiftorians, as they are com- 
 mended by poetic writers. And doubtlefs the famous Bifliop 
 Atterbury, in his alteration of the four laft lines in Buchanan's 
 dedication of a Latin tranflation of the Pfalms, thought he made 
 -her a more juft, as well as a more elegant compliment when 
 in their ftead he (is faid to have) fubftituted thefe which 
 follow. 
 
 ? Vid. Monfieur Rapin's preface to his ' Memoirs Je Bizntome, p. no. 
 Com^arifon let-ween 'Thuciiiides and Li'ijy. 
 
 Quod 
 
aUEEN OF SCOTLAND. 157 
 
 ■Quod Ci culta parum, fi fint incondita ; ■ noftri 
 Scilicet Ingenii eft, non ea Culpa Loci : 
 
 Poffe etiam hie nafci, qua; funt pulcherrima ; fponde«t 
 E Vultu & Genio Scotica Terra tuo. 
 
 She had a good tafte for mufick,' and play'd well upon 
 feveral inftruments ; was a line dancer, and fat a horfe grace- 
 fully : but thefe laft accomplilhments flie purfued rather out 
 of necelTity than choice ; and when flie followed nioft her 
 own inclinations, flie would be employed amongft her women 
 in needle-work. An impalement of the arms of France and 
 Scotland are embroidered under an imperial crown, on the 
 valence of the canopy in the prcfence chamber at White-Hall, 
 much of which is laid to be of her own handy work '. Ac- 
 compliflunents fo extraordinary, and fo various, are feldom to 
 be found in any one perfon : but with what vaft advantage 
 muft they have appeared in a princefs, whofe perfon was ex- 
 tremely beautiful ; and in whofe countenance was a ma- 
 jefty intermixed with fucli fweetnefs as engaged the admiration 
 of all that faw her." 
 
 No wonder then that a crown fet upon tlie head of fo com- 
 plete a princels, appear'd fo amiable to King Henry the fecond 
 of France and his Queen, as to make them exceedingly de- 
 lirous of marrying her to the Dauphin ; wliich they foon ac- 
 compliih'd; for on the twentieth of April, in the Year 1558, 
 the nuptials were folemnized with all imaginable pomp and 
 magnificence in the church of Noftre Dame in Paris, to the 
 inexprcffible pleafure of the Dauphin, who might juftly think 
 Jiimfelf the moft happy prince in the world ; for, to the above- 
 
 ' Vid. f'i/a Marix Staastx Scotuc Re- ' Sandford'sCfwo/sg/Va/ ////?. &-c. p. 529. 
 _gina; Dotaria; Gallic, Jngti/e, iff Hibcr- " Vid. Mi»«o/>j</(r Brantome, p. 3. Dr. 
 
 tiirr, H.rredis ; Scriftere Georgio ConsO jthh'i /i/e of Mnry i^iccn 0/ Scots, p iges 
 
 ^coto. p. a6, 27. 21, z2, 23. and Melvil's i»/cv«e;;v, p. 50. 
 
 iHv-n- 
 
158 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 mentioned excellencies, flie added that of the flridteft obedi- 
 ence, and moft obliging behaviour towards her hufband ; 
 obferving all the connubial duties with fuch a peculiar 
 fweetnefs of temper, and incomparable addrefs, as not only 
 endeared her to him, but was admired by all who had op- 
 portunity of obferving it. But this happy marriage was but 
 of a fhort duration, he being violently feiz'd with a catarrh in 
 his ear, died of it without iffue on the 5th of December, 
 1560, leaving this his difconfoiate Qtieen fo opprefs'd with for- 
 row, that neither the endearing friendfliip of her kindred and' 
 allies, nor the charms of the French court could detain her 
 there, (he being fully determined to return to her native country. 
 She had not been long in Scotland before propofals were 
 fent to her to marry with Charles Archduke of Auftria. But 
 Queen Elizabeth making herfelf a kind of arbitratrefs in thofe 
 affairs, defired (he would not marry with any foreign Prince, 
 but to make choice of an hufband out of her own Nobility ; 
 and recommended to her either the Earl of Leicefter, or the 
 Lord Darnley ; threatning her upon refufal, to deprive her of 
 the fuccellion to the crown of England. Being thus over- 
 aw'd by Qiieen Elizabeth, and not a little pleas 'd with the 
 young Nobleman himfelf, who was a perfon of exqnifite 
 beauty; fhe confented (perhaps a little too haftily) to mar- 
 ry her coufin Henry Stuart Lord Darnley, fon and heir of 
 Matthew Earl of Lenox. And having created him Earl of 
 Rofs, and Duke of Rotherfay, July 2S, 1565, he was on the 
 fame day proclaimed King at the market crofs in Edinburgh, 
 and on the morrow was married to the Queen in the royal cha- 
 pel at Halyrood Houfe. By this hufband fhe had one fon, born 
 in the caf1:le of Edinburgh, June 19, 1566, who was after- 
 wards James the fixth of Scotland, and firft of England. 
 This unfortunate noblenian being murdered in a mofl barba- 
 rous 
 
I 
 
 Q^UEEN OF SCOTLAND. 159 
 
 rous mnnner by the inftigation and procurement of the 
 Earls of Murrey and Moreton in the beginning of February, 
 1567, flie was married again on the fifteenth of May, the 
 fame year, to John Hcpborne Earl of Bothweli, a man of an 
 ambitious temper and dilfolute life. From which time a fe- 
 rics of infelicities attended her to the end of her life. The 
 different views and interefls of the nobility, clergy and gentry, 
 an regard to religious and political af^'.iirs, had fb difunited the 
 kingdom, and occafioned fuch intcftine broils and diifentions, 
 th.it all things appeared in the greatefl; diforder and confiifion. 
 Loyalty and obedience to princes fbon came to be neglcifted, 
 and foon after to be fet at nought, and the royal authority in- 
 ftead of being honoured and obeyed, met with nothing but 
 nbufcs and contempt. The Earl of Bothweli was forced to 
 fly into Denmark to fave his life. The Qiicen was feized ; 
 carried prifoner to Lochlevyn ; and was treated on the road 
 with fuch fcorn and contempt, as her own perlbnal dignity 
 might fufliciently have fecured her from ; tho' that indeed 
 was greatly obfcured : for Hie was put into very mean ap- 
 parel } and when the inhabitants of the town came out to 
 meet her flie made a mofl difgraceful figure, being covered 
 with dufl: and tears. She was conveyed to the provoft's lods;- 
 ings, and committed to the care of Murrey's mother, who had 
 been concubine to King James the fifth, and whofe match- 
 lels impudence and infults added much to her affliction. 
 
 When Queen Elizabeth heard of thofe infolencies, flie 
 feem'd fir'd with indignation at it ; and fent Sir Nicholas 
 Throckmorton into Scotland to expoflulate with the confpira- 
 tors for this barbarous treatment of their Queen ; and to 
 coufult by what means flie might be reftored to her libert3\ 
 But when he came into Scotland he found the confederates 
 more inlblent tlian report had made them : and after many 
 
 hearings 
 
i6o MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 hearings and warm debates he returned without being able to 
 procure any fatisfaftion, or doing any thing confiderable for 
 tlie relief of the diftrefled Queen. 
 
 Having been detained a prifoner atLochlevyn eleven months, 
 and moft inhumanly forced to comply with many unreafona- 
 ble demands, highly detrimental to her honour and intereft, 
 fhe made her efcape (the fecond of May, 1568) from thence 
 to Hamilton Caftle, where upon the evidence of Robert Mel- 
 vyn and others, in an affembly of many of the nobility, there 
 was drawn a Sentence declaratory, that the Grant extorted 
 from her majefty in prifon (which is jujius metus) was a£tu- 
 ally void from the beginning j upon which, fuch great num- 
 bers of people came in to her affiftance, that within two or 
 three days the had got an army of at leaft fix thoufand. On 
 the other fide Murrey with great expedition made all ima- 
 ginable preparations to attack the Queen's forces before they 
 became too formidable: and when they joined battle, her ma- 
 jefty's army unhappily confining of raw foldiers, were foon 
 defeated, and flie obliged to fave herfelf by flight ; travelling 
 in one day fixty miles, to the houfe of Maxwell Lord Herris. 
 From thence flie difpatched John Beton to Queen Elizabeth 
 with a Diamond which fhe had formerly received from her, 
 as a pledge of mutual amity; fignifying that flie would come 
 into England and beg her affiftance, if her rebellious fubje(fls 
 continued to perfecute her any farther. Queen Elizabeth re- 
 turned her a very kind anfwer, with large promifes of doing 
 her the moft friendly offices. But before the meffenger came 
 back, (he, rejeding the advice of her friends, found means 
 to convey herfelf with the Lords Herris, Flemming and others 
 into England, landing May 17, at Workington in Cumber- 
 land, near to the mouth of the river Derwent : and on the 
 fame day wrote letters in the French tongue with her 
 
 own 
 
CLUE EN OF SCOTLAND. i6i 
 
 own hand to Queen Elizabeth, in which fhe gave her a long 
 detail of her misfortunes, defiring her protecflion and aid 
 againft her rebellious fubjed:s. Queen Elizabeth in her letters 
 by Sir Francis Knowles, and others comforted her, and pro- 
 mifed to protcd: her according to the equity of her caufe ; and 
 under pretence of greater fecurity commanded that flie fliould 
 be carried to Carlifle, Now the unfortunate Queen began to 
 perceive her own error in not following the advice of her 
 friends. Her apprehenfion of this miftake, perhaps (lie may 
 be juftly thought to have intimated in applying to herfelf, 
 with fome alteration, a latin diftich which we meet with in 
 the fragments of Ca^Hir, which Hie wrote with her own hand 
 on a pane of glafs at Buxton- Well. 
 
 Buxtona, quai^ calidse celebraris * nomine Lymphar, 
 Forte mihi pofthac non adeunda. Vale. 
 
 Buxton, whofe fame thy bath fliall ever tell 
 Whom I perhaps, fliall fee no more, farewell. 
 
 She was not indeed fo fully convinced of this fital miftake, 
 as when flie wrote thefe two lines in a window at Fothering- 
 hay caftle. 
 
 From the top of all my truft, 
 Mifliap has laid me in the duft. 
 
 England as an ufeful author obferves ', inftead of being 
 a fanduary to the diftrelTed Queen, became only a change of 
 
 * So it is in the g'afs I had in my hand in Camden's Britannia in Deriy/bire. 
 fays Dr. Fuller ('C/^viivA /j7//</»j ; Cent. i6. y Sanford in his Genealogical Hijlory, 
 
 Lib. 9. p. i8i.) though it be celebraberc &c. p- 532. 
 
 Y air : 
 
 I 
 
i62 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 air ; but not from confinement to liberty ; for being denied 
 accefs to Queen Elizabeth, and tofled from one prifon to ano- 
 ther for the fpace of about eighteen years, in which fhe had 
 often ftruggled for liberty, that tragical fcene of her life which 
 was begun in Scotland was here brought to a conclufion by the 
 cruel ftroke of the axe. 
 
 Sentence being pafTed, and the warrant figned for her exe- 
 cution, notice was given her on the fifth of February that (he 
 muft die on the morrow : flie received the meflage with great 
 calmneis ; and with a remarkable refolution and prefence of 
 mind, inflantly begun to fettle her affairs, and to make due 
 preparation for this grand event. She ordered her fupper to 
 be haflened, of which fhe eat fparingly ; and obferving her 
 fervants to weep, fhe comforted them with furprizing alacrity, 
 and towards the end of fupper, flie drank to them all ; and 
 they all pledged her on their knees in their order, mingling 
 their tears with the wine. After fupper fhe read over her will *, 
 and the inventory of her goods and moveables, and wrote 
 on them the names of thofe to whom flie had appointed them; 
 and to fome fhe gave money with her own hand. She wrote 
 unto her confefTor, to pray unto god for her : and fhe alfo wrote 
 letters of recommendation unto the French King, and to the 
 duke of Guife for her fervants. She went to bed at her ufual 
 time, and flept fome hours ; being awaked, flie fpent the refl 
 of the night in prayer. The fatal day beginning to break, fhe 
 
 ^ In the life of Cardinal Laurea, writ- " falfe and heretical perfwafion which he 
 
 ten by the abbot of Pignerol, p. 77, it is " had drunk in, the inheritance of the 
 
 obfeived, that in the will of Mary Queen " crown of England (hould never defcend 
 
 of Scots, which (he wrote with her own " to him ; but ihould devolve from him, 
 
 hand the day before (he was beheaded " to Philip king of Spain". Vid. Bp. 
 
 " She exprefled her zeal for the catholick Burnet's hiftoiy of the reformation part 
 
 " religion ; and pr vided, that if the the third, p. 327. And the Coll. of re- 
 
 " prince, her fon, did not renounce the cords at the end of it, N°. 94. p. 366. 
 
 clothed 
 
Q^UEEN OF SCOTLAND, 163 
 
 clothed herfelf as flie ufed to be on fcftival days, and calling 
 her fervants together, read over her will, and requefted them 
 to take in good part the legacies Hie had given them, fince flie 
 had it not in her power to give more : and then devoting her- 
 felf intirely to god, did with great humility befeech him to 
 give her his grace and favour ; continuing her devotions with 
 fighs and tears, until Thomas Andrews IherlfF of the county 
 came and told her that flie was to come forth. When flie 
 came forth, flie was attended by Melvin her fteward, who 
 bore up her train, Burgoine her phyfician, her apothecary, 
 and chirurgeon, and two maids. She appeared with great 
 majefty, modefty and chearfulnefs of countenance. " She 
 was (faith an eye witncfs, whofe account of her perfon and 
 behaviour in her laft moments I here tranfcribe »,) of 
 flature tall, of bodie corpulent, round fliouldcr'd, of face 
 fat and broad, double chinned, and hazel eyed; borrowed 
 hair, a bourne. Her attire was this, on her head flie had 
 a dreffing of lavvne edged with bone lace, a pomander 
 chaine, and an ylgnus Dei about her neck, a crucifix in her 
 hand, a pair of beads at her girdle, with a golden crofs at 
 die end of them ; a vail of lawne faftened to the caule 
 bowed out with wyre and edged round about with bone 
 lace. Her gown was of black fattin, printed, with a train, 
 and long fleeves to the ground, fet with acorne buttons of 
 jett, trimmed with pearl, and fliort fleeves of black fattin 
 cutt, with a pair of fleeves of purple velvet, whole under 
 them : her kertle whole of crymfon f;ttin, and her petti- 
 
 • From a MS. in Mr. Aflimole's ftudy, 
 N°. 781, intitled y/ /rac declaration of the 
 execution of Mary the late S^iect of Scots, 
 i'.ithin the cafilc of Folheriiigkay, viii. Feb. 
 1586. Addrefled to the ri^bt honouralle 
 
 Sir mlliam Cecill, Kt. Lord Burkigh, 
 Lord I'igh Trcofiirer of England. This ac- 
 count is dated Tcb. 1 1, 15S6. And con- 
 cludes " \'our ho. in all humble fcr\ice to 
 command, R. W." 
 
 Y 2 
 
 " coat 
 
r64 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 *' coat fklrte of crimfon velvet, her flioes of SpaniHa leather, 
 " the rough fide outward, a pair of green filk garters ; her 
 " nether rtockhigs w^orfted, couloured, watched, clocked 
 *' with filver, and edged on the top with filver, and next her 
 " legs a paireof Jerfey hofe white. 
 
 *' Then the two executioners kneeled down unto her and 
 " defired her to forgive them her death, fhe anfwered I for- 
 " give you with all my heart; for I hope this day fliall give 
 " an end to all my troubles. Then they with her two wo- 
 " men helping her up, began to difrobe her, and then fhe 
 " laid her crucifix upon the lloole. One of the executioners 
 *' took from her neck her Agnus Dei, then fhe began to lay 
 " hold of it faying, (he would give it to one of her women, 
 *' and withal told the executioner, that he fhould have money 
 «' for it. Then fhe fuffered them with her two women to 
 " take of the chain of pomander beades and all her other ap- 
 ^* parell, and then with a kind of gladnefs and fmilinge fhe 
 " began to make herfelf unreddy, putting on a pair of fleeves 
 *V with her own hands, (which the two executioners had be- 
 *' fore rudely pulled of,) and that with fuch fpeed, as if fhe 
 *' longed to have been gone out of this world : during all 
 " thefe a<ftions of difrobeing of the faid Queen, {he never 
 *' altred her countenance, but fmilinge as it were at it, faid 
 " JJ:e never had fiixh Groomes before to make her unreddy, 
 " nor never did of her clothes before fuch a company. At 
 ^' length fhe being unattired and unapparelled of fuch and fo 
 *'• much of her attire and apparell as was convenient faving her 
 *' petticoat and kirttle, her two women looking upon her 
 '^ burft out in a very great fkreaking, crying and lamentation, 
 *'■ and when their fkreaking began to decline they crofTed 
 ■" themfelves and prayed in latin. Then the faid Queen 
 "" turning herfelf to them, and feeing them in fuch a mourn- 
 
 « full 
 
QJJEEN OF SCOTLAND. 165 
 
 full and lamentable plight, embraced them, and faid thefe 
 words in French, ne cry vous jay prome pur vous, and fo 
 crofTed and kifled them, and bad them pray for her, and 
 not be fo mournful, for faid flie, this day I trull fliall end 
 your miftreffes troubles. Then with a fmiling countenance 
 fhe turned herfelf to her men fervants, Melvine and tlie reft 
 ftanding upon a bench near the fkaffbld, who were fomctimes 
 weeping, fometimes crying out aloud, and continually 
 crolling themfelves and praying in latin. And the faid Queen 
 (thus turned unto them) did herfelf likewife crofs them 
 and bade them farewell, and prayed them to pray for her 
 even to the lall: hour. This done one of her women having 
 a Corpus Chrijli Cloth lapped it up three corner wife, kifled 
 it, and put it over the face of her Queen and Miftrefs, and 
 pinned it fail: on the carole of her head. Then they two 
 mournfully departed from her ; and then the faid Queen 
 kneeled down upon the cufliion, at which time verie refo- 
 lutely, and without any token of the fear of death, flie 
 fpake a Icfud this pfilm in latin In te Due Coiifido, &c. Then 
 groping for the block, flie laid down her head, putting her 
 chain over her b^ick with both her hands, which holding 
 there ftill, had been cutt off, had they not been efpied. 
 Then (lie laid herfelf upon the block moft quietly, and 
 ftretching out her arms and legges cried out In manus tiias^ 
 Dn'e three or four times. At laft whilft one of the execu- 
 tioners held her ftraitly with one of his hands, the other 
 gave her two ftroks with an axe before he did cut off her 
 head, and yet left a griftle behind. At which time flie 
 made very fmall noife, and ftirred not any part of herfelf 
 from the place where flie lay. Then the executioner which 
 cut off her head lifted it up and bad God fave the Queen. 
 Then her dreffuig of lawne fell from her head, which ap- 
 
 " peared 
 
i66 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 " peared as if fhe had been feventy years old, polled very 
 *' fhort, her face being in a moment fo much altered from 
 " the form which she had when fhe was alive, as few could 
 " remember her by her dead face. Her lippes ftirred up and 
 *' down almoft a quarter of an hour after her head was 
 " cutoff." 
 
 The executioners were difmiffed with fees ; not having any 
 tiling that was hers : for we are told •■ that all her apparel was 
 burnt. Her body with the head, was conveyed into the great 
 chamber, where it was embalmed, and lay until its Inter- 
 ment. 
 
 Upon Tuefday being the firft of Augufl were the funerals 
 appointed to be celebrated for her majefty, in the cathedral 
 church of Peterborough, and accordingly there were fent thither 
 from the court, the Queen's houfhold officers, to make pre- 
 paration for the diet, Mr. Dorrel, and Mr. Cox ; for the fu- 
 neral offices, Mr. Fortefcue maftcr of the great wardrobe : the 
 heralds came down three or four days before, and appointed 
 (together with the Bifliop and Dean) the place for the body 
 to be interred : this was oppofite to the buring place of Queen 
 Katherine, near to the tomb of John the laft abbot, and firfl 
 Bifhop of that church. There was a rich herfe eredled above 
 the firft llep of the quire, near to the place of the burial, and 
 the whole quire and church were hanged with black. Upon 
 Sunday at night the 30th of July, the body was brought by 
 torch light from the caftle of Fotheringhay by Garter king at 
 arms and other heralds, with fome number of horfe, in a 
 chariot made on purpofe, covered with black velvet, and 
 adorned with her enfignes accordingly, between one and two 
 
 * Vid. Howes's Edition of Stowe's Summary, London, 1608, p. 459 
 
 of 
 
QJJEEN OF SCOTLAND. 167 
 
 of the clock in the night : where attended for it before the 
 church, the Bifhop of Peterborough, and the Dean of the 
 cathedral church, the mafter of the wardrobe, Clarentius king 
 at arms, and divers, as well of her majefty's fervants, as other 
 perfons. There came with the body fix of the Scotifli train, 
 as Melvin, the mafter of the houHiold, and her phyfician, 
 and others ; the body with the clofures weighed nine hundred 
 weight, which being carried and attended orderly by the faid 
 perfons, was committed to the ground in the vault appointed, 
 and immediately the vault was covered, excepting a fmall hole 
 left open for the ftaves to be broken into. There was at that 
 time not any of the offices of the church fervice performed, it 
 being judged by all prefent, as well Scots as others, that it would 
 be more properly done on the day and time of folcmnity. 
 Upon Monday in the afternoon, came to Peterborough, all 
 the lords and ladies, and other afiiftants appointed, and at the 
 bifliop's Palace was prepared a great fupper for them, where 
 all at one table fupped in the great chamber being hanged 
 with black, where was a flate fet on the right fide thereof, of 
 purple velvet. Upon Tuefday morning, the chief mourners, 
 lords and ladies, and other affiftants being ready, about ten of 
 the clock they marched from the hall of the bifliop's palace 
 in the following order. 
 
 The Countefs of Bedford chief mourner. 
 
 The Earl of Rutland. 
 The Earl of Lincoln. 
 The Countefs of Rutland. 
 The Countefs of Lincoln, 
 L. Dudley L, Chamberlain, 
 L. S. John of Bafing L. Stew. 
 
 L, Willoughby of Parham. 
 
 L, Compton. 
 
 L. Mordant, 
 
 The Dean of Peterburgh. 
 
 Lady Mordant. 
 
 L. Talbot. 
 
 L. Dudley, 
 
i68 
 
 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 L. Dudley. 
 
 L. St. John of Bafing. 
 
 L. St. John of Bletfhoe. 
 
 L. Mary Savil. 
 
 L. Cecil. 
 
 L. Mountague. 
 
 Lady Noel. 
 
 Lady Mannors. 
 
 Mrs. Allington as a Lady. 
 
 8 Scotifh Gentlewomen. 
 
 Sir Thomas Cecil. 
 
 Sir Thomas Mannors. 
 
 Sir Edward Mountague. 
 
 Sir George Haftings. 
 
 Sir Richard Knightley. 
 
 Sir Andrew Nowel. 
 
 Sir George Savil. 
 
 Sir James Harrington. 
 
 Mr. John Mannors as a Kt. 
 
 1 8 Scotifh Gentlemen. 
 
 Divers Efqrs. with Gentlemen.' 
 
 ^. ^ . 7Garter. 
 
 2 Kings at Arms J-^, . . 
 ° ^Clarentius. 
 
 5 Heralds at Arms. 
 
 An Hundred poor Women. 
 
 The folemnity being fettled, the prebendaries, and the quire, 
 
 who received them at the church door fung an anthem, the 
 
 Scots, all excepting Mr. Melvin, departed, and would not tarry 
 
 at fermon or ceremonies. The billiop of Lincoln preached 
 
 out of pfalm 39. V. 5, 6, 7. Lord let me know my end. Sec. 
 
 "Who fhall gather them, Sec. In the prayer when he gave 
 
 thanks for fuch as were tranflated out of this vale of mifery, 
 
 he ufed thefe words. " Let us give thanks for the happy dif- 
 
 " folution of the high and mighty Princefs Mary late Queen 
 
 " of Scotland, and Dowager of France, whofe life and death, 
 
 *' at this time I have not much to fay, becaufe I was not ac- 
 
 " quainted with the one, neither was I prefent at the other ; 
 
 " I will not enter into judgment further, but becaufe it hath 
 
 " been fignified unto me that Ihe trufted to be faved by the 
 
 " blood of Chrift, we muft hope well of her falvation : for 
 
 " as father Luther was wont to fay, many one that liveth a 
 
 " papift, dieth a proteftant." In the difcourfe of his text he 
 
 only dealt with the general dodtrine of the vanity of all flefli. 
 
 The 
 
Q^UEEN OF SCOTLAND. 169 
 
 The fermon ended, the ofFeririg of the chief mourner and 
 hatchments were received by the bifliop of Peterborougli, 
 and the offerings of the reil, by the dean, which ended, 
 the mourners departed. The ceremony of burial was performed 
 by the Dean, the ofiicers breaking their flaves, and carting 
 them into the vault upon the coffin : and fo they departed to 
 the Bifliops houfe, where was a great feaft appointed. The 
 concourfe of people was of many thoulands, and after dinner 
 the nobles departed away every one towards his own home '. 
 
 The remains of this unfortunate Qijeen having reftcd in 
 this place 25 years, it was by order of her fon King James 
 taken up the eleventh of Oiftober, 161 2, and was rcintcrred 
 hi K. Henry the feventh's chappel in the abby church at Weft- 
 minfter ; where he erefted a magnificent monument to her 
 memory ; with her image of the fined marble in full propor- 
 tion in her royal robes, upon a pedeftal of curious workman- 
 fhip, under a beautiful canopy, fupported by eight columns of 
 white and black marble, viz. four at the weft, and as many 
 at the eaft-end, of the Corinthian order, the pedeftals and 
 capitals gilt, and the frize adorned with feveral coats of arms. 
 And on the fouth fide the following infcription. 
 
 D. O. M. 
 
 Bonae Memoria; 
 et Spei iEternas, 
 
 Marise Stuartcc Scotorum Reginas, Francix Dotariae, Jacob! 
 V. Scotorum Regis filiae et ha;redis unicas, Henrici VU. Angl. 
 Regis, ex Margareta majori natu filia (Jacobo IIII. Regi 
 
 ' Vid. Gunton's hiftory of the cathedral church of Peterborough, pages 74, 75, &c. 
 
 Z Scotorum 
 
lyo MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 Scotorum Matrimonio copulata,) Proneptis, Edwardi Till. 
 Angl. Regis ex Elizabetha, filiarum fuarum natu maxima, 
 Abneptis, Francifci II. Gallorum R. Conjugis, Coronas Angl. 
 dum vixit, certae, & indubitatas hseredis, 6c Jacobi magnag 
 Britannise Monarchas potentiffime, matris, 
 
 Stirpe vere Regia, & antiquiflima prognata erat, maximi 
 totius Europas principibus agnatione & cognatione conjunfta, 
 & exquifitilTimis animi & corporis dotibus & ornamentis 
 cumulatiflima. Verum ut funt varise rerum humanarum vices, 
 poftquam annos plus minus viginti, in cuftodia detenta, forti- 
 ter, & ftrenue, (fed fruftra.) cum malevolorum obtreftationibus, 
 timidorum fufpitionibus, & inimicorum capitalium infidiis con- 
 ilidtata effet, tandem inaudito & infefto Regibus exemplo, 
 fecuri percutitur. 
 
 Et contempto mundo, devidla morte, laflato carnifice, 
 Chrifto Servatori animae falutem, Jacobo filio fpem Regni, & 
 Pofteritatis, & univerfis caedis infaufts fpexSatoribus exemplum 
 patientise commendans, pie, patienter, intrepide cervicem 
 Regiam, fecuri maledidtae fubjecit, & vits caducas fortem, 
 cum cceleftis regni perennitate commutavit, 
 
 Ult. Idus Februarii. 
 
 Anno Chriili M. D. LXXXVII. 
 
 iEtatis XXXXVI. 
 
 Si generis fplendor rarae (i gratia forms; 
 
 Probri nefcia mens, inviolata fides, 
 Fedtoris '' invidi robur, Sapientia, candor, 
 
 Nixaque folantes fpes pietate Dei : 
 
 Sandford reads Heftoris. 
 
 Si 
 
Q^UEEN OF SCOTLAND. 171 
 
 Si morum probitas, diiri patientia fra^ni, 
 Majeftas, bonitas, pura, benigna manus. 
 
 Pallida fortune polTJnt vitare tonantis 
 
 Fulmina, qux monies templaque fanda petunt : 
 
 Non prccmatura f;itorum forte perifTet, 
 Nee fleret mcrflis triftis Imago genis. 
 
 Jure Scotos, Thalamo Francos, fpe poflidet Anglosf, 
 
 Triplice fic triplex jure corona beat. 
 Foelix, heu nimium foelix fi turbine pulfa 
 
 Vicinam fero conciliaflet opem. 
 Sed cadit ut terram tcneat, nunc morte triumphat, 
 
 Frudlibus ut fua ftirps, pullulet inde novis. 
 Vidla ncquit vinci, nee carcere claufa teneri 
 
 Non occila mori, fed neque capta capi, 
 Sic vitis fuccifa gemit fa^cundior uvis, 
 
 Sculptaque purpureo gemma decore micat. 
 Obruta frugifero fenfim fic cefpite furgunt 
 
 Semina, per multos qus latuere dies. 
 Sanguine fancivit foedus cum plebe Jehova, 
 
 Sanguine placabant numina fanda patres. 
 Sanguine confperfi quos praeterit ira penates ; 
 
 Sanguine fignata eft, qus modo cedit humus. 
 Farce Deus, fatis eft, infandos fifte dolores, 
 
 Inter funeftos pervolet ilia dies. 
 Sit Reges madare nefas, ut finguine poflhac 
 
 Purpureo nunquam terra Britanna fluat. 
 Exemplum pcreat oeCx cum vulnerc chriftje ; 
 Inque malum praccps, author & adlor eat. 
 
 Si meliore fui port mortem parte triumphet, 
 Carnilices fileant, tormina, claullra, cruces. 
 
 Z 2 Quem 
 
172' MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 Quem dederant curfum fuperi Regina peregit : 
 
 Tempora Ista Deus, tempora dura dedit. 
 Edidit eximium fato properante Jacobum, 
 
 Qjj^em Pallas, Mufe, Delia fata colunt. 
 Magna viro, major natu, fed maxima partu, 
 
 Condltur hie Regum filia, fponfa, parens. 
 Det Deus ut nati & qui polt nafcentur ab ilia, 
 
 internes videant hinc line nube dies. 
 H. N. gemens P. 
 
 Over the cornifh at the head of the monument. 
 
 I. Pet. 2. 2 1. 
 
 Chriftus pro nobis paffus eft, relinquens exemplum ut fe- 
 quamini veftigia ejus. 
 
 Over thecornifli at the foot of the monument. 
 I, Pet. 2. 23. 
 
 Qui cum malediceretur, non maledicebat, cum pateretur 
 non comminabatur, tradebat autem judicanti jufte. 
 
 To the pious memory ; 
 and immortal hope 
 
 Of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, and Dowager of France. 
 She was daughter and fole heirefs of James the fifth, King of 
 Scotland. Great-grand-daughter of Henry the feventh King 
 of England, by the Lady Margaret, his eldeft daughter (who 
 
 was 
 
QJJEEN OF SCOTLAND. 173 
 
 was married to James the fourth King of Scots) great-great- 
 grand-daughter of Edward the fourth King of England, 
 by Elizabeth his eldeft daughter. She was Queen confort of 
 Francis the fecond King of France. Certain and undoubted 
 heirefs during her life time, of the crown of England, and 
 mother of the moft powerful monarch, James King of Great 
 Britain. 
 
 She was derived from a royal and moft ancient family, and 
 related in blood to the moft mighty Princes in all Europe, 
 both by defcent and affinity. She was richly endowed with 
 the moft exquifite ornaments and accomplilhments both of 
 mind and body. But as the events of all human affairs are 
 tranfitory, and their revolutions uncertain ; this Princefs, after 
 fuffering, with an heroic, and refigned magnanimity (but in 
 vain) during an imprifonment of little lefs than twenty years, 
 the calumnies thrown upon her by the malicious, the fears 
 conceived by the pufilanimous, and the fnares prepared for 
 her by her implacable enemies, at length by a dome, as un- 
 ufual, as dangerous to the facred dignity of kings, exoired on 
 a fcift'old. 
 
 Looking down with contempt on the tranfient glories of 
 this world, triumphing over the terrors of death, and even 
 wearying out perlecution, (lie refign'd the care of her im- 
 mortal Soul to her Saviour Chrift ; her profpecl of an earthly 
 diadem to her fon James, and his pofterity. And prefcnting 
 to the fpedators of her untimely death, an example of con- 
 fummate patience ; Hie fubmitted lier royal neck to the ac- 
 curfed axe of the executioner, with piety, compofure, and 
 courage. And thus exchanged the enjoyment of an uncertain 
 ftate of mortality, for a crov/n of everlafting glory among 
 the blefled inhabitants of heaven, on the eighth day of February, 
 the year of Chrift 1587. of her age 46, 
 
 If 
 
174 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 If birth illuftrlous beauty's pow'rful fway, 
 A foul, whofe truth no dangers could betray. 
 If firm, heroick conftancy of mind, 
 Wifdom and hope, to heav'ns decrees refign'd. 
 If eafe of manners, patience to endure, 
 A lib'ral hand, an heart ferenely pure. 
 If charms like thefe could fates dire fhafts reftrain, 
 (Which rocks and temples but oppofe in vain !) 
 Death had not then abridg'd her blooming years. 
 Nor this fad marble been bedew'd with tears. 
 
 By birth, by marriage, and in hope, enthron'd 
 Scotland, France, England her dominion own'd. 
 Happy ! when civil rage thofe rights profan'd. 
 If neighbouring allies had her caufe fuflain'd ! 
 To earth flie fell, but, glorious in her doom. 
 New honours grace her offspring from her tomb. 
 She yields unconquer'd, triumphs tho' refign'd 
 
 In death reviv'd in prifon unconfin'd. 
 
 Thus richer fruits adorn the well-prun'd vine. 
 Thus gems, when cut, with rays refplendent iliine. 
 Thus fruitful harvefls crown the waving field 
 From feeds that flept beneath the earth conceal'd. 
 In blood th'almighty's league with man was given^ 
 And bleeding vidims calm'd the wrath of heav'n. 
 Doors mark'd with blood the vengeful angel paft, 
 Believing nations were in blood laid wafte. 
 At length great God ! thy kindled wrath abate, 
 Let forrow mark the day of Mary's fate ! 
 No more let regicides in Britain rife. 
 Nor fireams of blood her fertile plains difguife ! 
 
 Let 
 
QJJEEN OF SCOTLAND. 175 
 
 I.et crimes like this with one example end, 
 And with their authors to the grave del'cend ! 
 
 Since, rais'd to heav'n, this Princefs ftill fliall reign. 
 Let pain and death their triumph now refrain. 
 'Twas her's her deftin'd progrefs to perform. 
 From God her fun-fliine — and from God the florm ! 
 Great James confirms the honour of his race. 
 Him, Pallas and the Mufes join to grace. 
 Great by her confort, for her birth renown'd. 
 Her greateft glory in her fon is found ! 
 This mournful tomb to fad remembrance brings 
 The mother, daughter, and the wife of kings. 
 Grant, heav'n, her offspring, future times may praife, 
 For long fucceflion, and for profp'rous days ! 
 
 I. Pet. 2. 21. 
 1. Pet. 2. 23. 
 
 She is reported to have written a volume of Poems on various 
 cccafmis in the Latin, French and Scotch languages '. 
 
 Alfo, The confolation of her long imprifonmejit, and. Royal 
 advice to her fon. In two books. 
 
 Befides a great number of original letters of her's which are 
 ftill preferved in the French King's library ; in the royal li- 
 brary at St. James's, in the Cottonian, and in Mr. Alhmole's. 
 We have in print 
 
 f See Bp. Tanner's BMothcca, in the article of her 
 
 The 
 
 \ 
 
176 MEMOIRS OF MAPvT &c. 
 
 T^he gejiuijie letters of Mary ^een of Scots^ to fames EarJ 
 of Bo t hive I I : found in his Secretary's clofet ajter his deceafe, 
 and now in tbe'pofcjjion of a gentk?7ian of Oxford, Difco'vering 
 the greatejl and inoji fecret tranfa5lio7is of her time. Trmifatcd 
 from the French originals, by Edward Simmonds, late ofCbriji's- 
 Chiirch College in Oxford, 051. Wejimijifer, ijzb. This 
 colledion contains eleven letters. 
 
 In the State papers publifli'd by Mr. Heynes \ are ten letters 
 from the Queen of Scots, to Queen Elizabeth, the Earl of 
 SufTex, and Secretary Cecill ; wrote in Englifli, French, and 
 Scotch ; chiefly relating to her troubles and confinement. 
 And alfo, her anfwers to. the articles delivered to her by Sir 
 William Cecill, Secretary, and Sir Walter Myldmaye, Chan- 
 cellor of the Exchequer. 
 
 In the I ft Vol. of Mr. Anderfon's CoUeBions^, are three 
 letters from the Queen of Scots, to the Earl of Lenox, about 
 apprehending fuch perfons as were fufpedled of the King's 
 murder. And in Vol. 4. are three more letters addreffed to 
 Queen Elizabeth, the Earl of Huntley, and Secretary Cecill ''. 
 Alfo, 
 
 A long letter from her Majefty to Anthony Babington, 
 printed in the appendix to her life, wrote by Dr. Jebb '. And 
 fome others, difperled in the works of feveral authors, viz, 
 among the epillles of Pope Pius the V. ". In Buchanan, 
 Camden, Udall, and Sanderfon. 
 
 f pages 377. 386, 437. 464. 465. 467. .'' See pag. 51, 95, 185. 
 
 469, 503. 575- ' P- 387- 
 
 8 Printed in four vol. 410. London, '' Printed at Antwerp, 1640, 4to. 
 
 1727. 
 
MEMOIRS OF 177 
 
 BLANCH PARRY. 
 
 BLANCH PARRY, daughter of Henry Parry of New- 
 Court in the county of Hereford, Efq; was born in the 
 year 150S, and feems to have had a good fliare of education. 
 
 Notwithftanding I can fay but httle of her, either as an 
 author, or a learned woman ; yet it might feem very unkind 
 and ungrateful in a lover of antiquities, not to infert this 
 wortliy gentlewoman in this catalogue of learned women, 
 who appears, not only to have been a lover of antiquities hcr- 
 felf, but likewifc an encourager of that kind of learning in 
 others by fo generoufly communicating to that great anti- 
 quary Dr. Powel, Sir Edward Stradling's manufcript hiftory 
 of The winmng of Glamorgan or Morganinvc out of the Wcljh- 
 mms Hajiiis, &c. Which is publlflied by the Dr. (who makes 
 honourable mention of her on that account) in his valuable, 
 and now very fcarce hiftory of the Wellli Princes ; beginning 
 at page 122, and ending at page 141. And likewife for pro- 
 curing of Queen Elizabeth, for that moll renowned mathe- 
 matician Dr. John Dee, the grant of the maflerfliip of Saint 
 Croflls ', when he was diftrefTed by the lubricity of fortune. 
 And in order to relieve and revive his drooping fpirits, rtie her- 
 felf went to him, and by her Ma'ielly's order allured him that 
 the next ecclefiaflical dignity which became vacant fliould be 
 confer'd upon him. 
 
 I hnve feen a pedigree of the Parry family drawn up with 
 her own hand, which not only difcovcrs her tafte and genius 
 for thofe ftudies, but alio the gentility of her dcfcent. But 
 
 ' Vid. the appendix to John of Glaftonbury's chronicle, pages no, 115. 
 
 A a "when 
 
178 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 when I faw this pedigree, I had not then the leafl thought of 
 drawing up any account of this gentlewoman, and therefore 
 I did not extradl any thing from it. 
 
 She died i^Jmeii. on the 12th of February, 1589, in the 
 8 2d year of her age. Her body feems to have been buried in 
 the abby church at Weftminfter, and her bowels in the church 
 at Badlon in Herefordfhire. In both places are monuments 
 erefted to her memory, with infcriptions giving an account of 
 her birth, quality, employment, piety, charities, and death. 
 That in Weftminfter Abby, is on the fouth wall of the chan- 
 cel ; upon which is the following infcription ". 
 
 Here under is intombed Blanch Parry, daughter to Henry 
 Parry of New-Court, within the county of Hereford, Efqrj 
 chiefe gentlewoman of Queen Elizabeth's moft honourable 
 privy chamber, and keeper of her Majefty's jewels, whom 
 fhe faithfully fcrved from her highneffes birth ; beneficiall to 
 her kinsfolk and countrymen, charitable to the poore, info- 
 much that fhe gave to the poore of Badlon and Newton in 
 Herefordftiire, fevenfcore buftiels of wheat and rye yeerely for 
 ever, with divers fummes of money to Weftminfter and other 
 places for good ufes. She died a maid in the 8 2d yeere of her 
 age, the 12 of February, 1589, 
 
 On her monument in Badlon church in Herefordftiire. 
 
 H. Parry hys daughter Blanch of New-Court borne, 
 
 That trayen'd was in Prynces courts with gorgious wyghts, 
 Wheare fleeting honour founds wyth blafte of borne 
 
 Eache of accounte to place of worlds delyghts. 
 Am lodged here wythin thys ftonye toombe ; 
 
 My Harfyngery's paide I owghte of due ; 
 My friends of fpeeche herein do finde my doombe : 
 
 The whiche in vaene they do fo greatly rhue, 
 
 f See Stowe's Survey of London, p. 810. Edit. Fol. 1633. 
 
 For 
 
BLANCH PARRY. 179. 
 
 For fo much as hit ys the end of all 
 
 Thys worldly route of ftate, what fo they be. 
 The whiche unto the reft hereafter fliall 
 
 Affemble thus each wyghte in his degree. 
 I lyvde always as handmaide to a Queen, 
 
 In chamber chiefe my tyme dyd overpalle, 
 Uncarefull of my welthe there was I fene, 
 
 Whylft I abode the rynnynge of my glafle, 
 Not doubtyng wante whylft that my myftrefle lyvdc, 
 
 In woman's ftate whofe cradell faw I rockte, 
 Her fervant then, as when flie her crown atcheeved, 
 
 And fo remayned till death he my doore had knockte : 
 Preferrynge ftill the caufes of cache wyghte. 
 
 So far as I doorft move her grace's eare 
 For to reward decerts by courfe of ryghte 
 
 As needs refyte of farvys done cache wheare. 
 So that my tyme I thus did pafte awaye 
 
 A maed in court, and never no man's wyfe, 
 Sworne of Queene EUfbeths hedd chamber allways, 
 
 Wyth maeden Queene a mayde did end my lyfe. 
 
 I have feen a copy (or rather a firft draught) of her wilf, 
 wrote with Lord Treafurer Burghley's own hand " ; in which, 
 among many other legacies, Ihe gave five hundred pounds 
 for the building of an almHioufe in Badlon, for the refidence 
 of four poor people. She alfo gave fo much money as Lord 
 T. Burghley fliould think fufficient for the repairing of the 
 church and fteeple there. And for the further relief of the 
 vicar of Badlon, flie gave twenty kine to be diftributed to the 
 parilhioncis of Baiflon, and they to give to the vicar two fliil- 
 lings yearly for the ufe of every cow. 
 
 " In the pofllfllon of the honourable James Weft, Efq; 
 
 A a 2 LADY 
 
[8o M E M O I R S O F 
 
 LADY BURLEIGH. 
 
 AN eminent author ° alTures us that no age was fo produc- 
 tive of learned v/omen as the fixteenth century : Speak- 
 ing of the flourifliing condition which learning was in at that 
 time, he fays " It was fo very modifli, that the fair fex feemed 
 to believe that greek and latin added to their charms ; and 
 that Plato and Ariftotle untranflated were frequent orna- 
 ments of their clofets. One would think by the effedts, 
 that it was a proper way of educating them, fince there are 
 no accounts in hiftory of fo many great women in any one 
 age, as are to be found between the years fifteen and fixteen 
 hundred." And Erafmus fpeaking of thofe times fays ■", — 
 Scena rerum humanarum invertitur : Monachi Literas ne- 
 fciunt, & Faeminae Libris indulgent." And in the fame 
 cpiflle, " Bellum eft eum Sexum ad prifca exempla {ek poft- 
 liminio recipere. The fcene of human things is changed ; 
 the Monks famed in times paft for learning, are become 
 ignorant ; and women love books. It is pretty enough that 
 this fex fhould now at laft betake it felf to the antient ex- 
 amples." And the reafon which is given for this by ano- 
 ther writer '', is, the great care which King Henry the eighth 
 
 " Dr. Wotton in his RefeBions on anti- ^ Mr. Strype in his Life of Archbijhop 
 
 tnt and iiio.isr?i learning, pages 34.9, 350. Parker, p. 179. 
 J" Ep. 31. Xiib, 19. 
 
 took 
 
LADY BURLEIGH. i8i 
 
 took in the education of his daughters. But if it may not be 
 
 afcribed to the noble art of printing, which had juft then 
 
 awakened the minds of ingenious people, and furniOicd them 
 
 with a vaft variety of books to improve theh- underftandings ; 
 
 I fliould rather chufe to attribute it to the example of Sir 
 
 TJiomas More, whofe daughters were celebrated, even in 
 
 foreign countries for their great fkill in the learned languages 
 
 arts and fciences, before the daughters of King Henry the 
 
 eighth were born. But however this might be, certain it is, 
 
 that fuch examples to authorize are fufficient to bring into ufe 
 
 things far lefs deferving imitation. Parents perhaps, in thofe 
 
 times might be of opinion, with a polite and elegant writer ', 
 
 " That in a country where the women are admitted to a fa- 
 
 " miliar and conftant fliare in every adive fcene of life, par- 
 
 " ticular care Hiould be taken in their education, to cultivate 
 
 " their reafoji, and form their hearts, that they may be equal 
 
 " to the part they have to ad:." Nor is it improbable that 
 
 female minds, were not infenfible of the fame derived upon 
 
 them from thefe improvements ; but afpired to fome fliarc of 
 
 that great and univerfal charader Sir Thomas More's daughters 
 
 had juftly acquired. But whatever were the motives to this 
 
 kind of education, the fad is certain, and the famous inftances 
 
 which the hiftories of thofe times have furniflied us with, muft 
 
 be allowed to deferve, at leaft the praife, if not the imitation of 
 
 pofterity. 
 
 Among thofe gentlemen who fo worthily diftinguiHied 
 themfclves by a due care in educating their daughters, none 
 can deferve greater praife than Sir Anthony Cooke, one of the 
 learned tutors to King Edward the fixth, who beflowed fo 
 
 f See the 49th LelUrfrom a Perfian in England, to his friend at Ifpahan. 
 
 liberat 
 
i82 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 liberal an education on his daughters, that they became the 
 wonders of the age ; and were fought in marriage as Cam- 
 den " and Lloyd ' obferve, by fome of the greateft men of 
 that time, more for their natural and acquired endowments 
 and beauty, than for their portions. The eldeft of thofe 
 ladies comes next, according to order of time to be treated of 
 in thefe memoirs. And becaufe I cannot trace out the exadt 
 time when her fifters died, I fhall here place them all together. 
 Here then follow the fcattered notices which I have coUefted 
 concerning thofe illuflrious women. 
 
 MILDRED the eldeft daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke, 
 and of Anne his wife, daughter of Sir William Fitz- Williams 
 of Milton, Knight, was born (perhaps at her fathers feat at 
 Giddy-Hall in Eflex) Anno 1 526. She fully anfwered all the 
 care and pains which had been taken of her education ; for 
 {he was as eminent for her great learning and good fenfe in 
 the early part of her life, as flie was exemplary in the latter, 
 for her piety "* and charity. She was excellently well fkilled 
 in the Greek and Latin tongues ; but more particularly in the 
 former, having Mr. Laurence the great Grecian for her pre- 
 ceptor. She took great delight in reading the works of Bafil 
 the great, Cyril, Chryfoftome, Gregory Nazianzen and others. 
 She tranflated a piece of Saint Chryfoftome's out of Greek 
 into EngliHi, as the author of the life of Lord Treafurer 
 Burleigh tells us. And when fhe prefented the Univeriity 
 
 ' In his Annals of ^een Elizabeth, fub bound, intitled, Pfalmi feu Precaticnes 
 
 anno 1 576. Johannis Epifcopi RofFenfis. To which 
 
 ' State Worthies, p. 374. boolc of devotions (he fet her own name 
 
 " She ufed for her prayers and medita- thus, Mildreda Cicillia, 1565. Vid. 
 
 tions a fmall pocket book in latin, richly Strype's j/»««A vol. j. pages, 597, 598. 
 
 library 
 
LADY BURLEIGH. 183 
 
 library (in Cambridge) with the great Bible in Hebrew and 
 other language, fhe lent it with an epiftle in Greek wrote with 
 her own hand. 
 
 On the twenty firft of December In the year 1 546, and in 
 the twentieth year of her age flie was married to Sir William 
 Cecill afterwards created Lord Burleigh ; Lord High Treafurer 
 of England, Privy Councellor to Queen Elizabeth, and Knight 
 of the moft noble order of the Garter. By this truly great 
 flatefman flie had very many children, all which died young, 
 excepting two daughters, viz. Anne, who was very unhappily 
 married in the fifteenth year of her age, to Edward Vere, the 
 feventeenth Earl of Oxford, of that name, and Lord High 
 Chamberlain of England : and Elizabeth : and one fon n imed 
 Robert Cecill, who not long before her death married Eliza- 
 beth Brooke, daughter of the Lord Cobham. 
 
 After a long and happy marriage of forty two years, flie 
 died April the fourth 1589, in the 63d year of her age, to 
 the inexpreffible grief of her noble Lord and hufband, who 
 loft in her, a woman, not only of an exemplary virtue and 
 engaging qualities, but of an admirable underftanding, and 
 (if a judgment may be formed by her letters) as good a poli- 
 tician as himfelf *. She was buried in the abby church at 
 Weftminfter, where a moft magnificent monument is eredted 
 to her memory : but as the moft material things contained in 
 the monumental infcription are here taken notice of j and as 
 the monument has been fo often defcribed, and the fcveral 
 long infcriptions on it, fo frequently printed by thofe who 
 have wrote the hiftory and antiquities of that church, I think 
 it unneceflary to give any farther account of it. Five days 
 after her death, viz. April 9th. Lord Burleigh being then at 
 
 » Vid, Mr. Cart' J Central hijiory tf England^ Volume 3. p. 670. 
 
 Collingj 
 
i84 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Collings Lodge, wrote what he calls a Meditation on the death 
 of his lady. As I imagined it would be much more acceptable 
 to the curious to read the difcourfe it felf, than to connedl or 
 interweave it with thefe memoirs ; I will here fubjoin an cx- 
 adt copy of it, as I tranfcribed it from the original, which I 
 luckily met with, in turning over a vaft multitude of his lord- 
 fliips valuable papers, letters, &c. now in the pofTeffion of the 
 Honourable James Weft, Efq; which will conclude what I 
 have to fay of this excellent perfon. 
 
 " Ther is no cogitation to be ufed with an intent to recover 
 that which never can be had ageyn, that is, to have my 
 deare wiff to lyve ageyn in her mortall body, which is fe- 
 perated from the fowle, and refteth in the erth deade, and 
 the fowle taken up to heaven, and ther to remayne in the 
 fruition of bleffednes unfpeakable, untill the generall fur- 
 recSlion of all flefli ; whan by the almighty power of God 
 (who made all thyngs of nothyng) hir body ftiall be rayfed 
 upp and joyned wyth her fowle, in an everlaftyng unfpeak- 
 able joye, fuch as no tongue can exprefs, nor hart can 
 conceive. 
 
 " Therfor my cogitations ought to be occupyed in thefe 
 thyngs following. 
 
 " I ought to thank Almighty God for his favor in permit- 
 tyng hir to have lyved fo manny yers togither with me, and 
 to have given hir grace to have had the trew knoUedg of 
 hir falvation by the death of his Son Jefiis, oppened to hir 
 by the knowUedg of the gofpell : wherof Ihe was a pro- 
 feffor from hir youth. 
 
 " I ought to comfort my felf with the remembrance of 
 hir manny vertuoufs and godly aftions wherin fhe con- 
 tynued all hir liff, and efpecially in that fhe did of late yers 
 fondry charitable dedes, wherof flie determined to have no 
 
 *' outward 
 
LADY BURLEIGH. 185- 
 
 outward knoUedg whyleft flie lyved, in fo much as wlien- 
 I hadfome litell underftandyng therof, and alked her wheriir 
 {he had difpofed any charitable gifts, accordyng to hir often 
 wifliyng that Hie war hablc to doo fome Ipecidl ad:, for 
 noayntenancc of learnyng, and releff of the poorc ; flic 
 wold allweifs only fliew her felf rather deiiroofe fo to doo, 
 than ever confefs any fuch ai.\ ; as fence hir dcth is mani- 
 feftly known now to nie, and confelled by fondry good men, 
 whofe names and minifleryes ihe lecretly ufed, that flie did 
 charg them moft flrydly that whylcfh flie lyvcd, they fliould 
 never declare the fame to me nor to any other. And fa 
 now have I fene hir ernell wrytyngs to that purpofe of hir 
 own hand. 
 
 " The particulars of many of thefe hereafter do follow, 
 whicli I do with mync owne hand wrytyng recite, for my 
 comfort in the memory therof, with allurance that God 
 hath accepted the fame in fuch favourable fort, as flie fynd- 
 eth now the frucfls therof in heaven. 
 
 " About yers fence, flie caufed exhibitions to be 
 
 fecretly given by the hands of the mafter of St. Ihons in 
 Cambridg for the mayntenance of two fchollars for a pcr- 
 petuite wherof to conynew. 
 
 " She did caufe fome lands to be purchafcd in the name of 
 the Dean of Wcftmynfter, who alfo in his own name to, 
 did affure the fame to that colledg for a perpetuall maynte- 
 nance of the fayd two fchollars in that colledg. All which 
 was done without any iignification of hir ad: or charg to any 
 manner of perfon but only of the Dcane, and one William 
 Walter of VVymbleton, whofe advife was ufed ; for the- 
 wrytyng of the purchafc and afTurance. 
 " She al'io did with the privitc of Mr. Deanes of Powlcs- 
 ajid Welimynftre, and of Mr. Alderly, bcyng fre of the 
 
 B b I labor- 
 
<( 
 
 386 M E M O IE. S O F 
 
 " Haberdafliers in London, give to the company of t"he fayd 
 *' Haberdafliers a good feme of money ; whereby is provyded 
 *' that every two yers ther -is lent to fix poore men of certen 
 " fpeciall occupations, as Smyths, Carpyntors, Weavers and 
 " fuch like in Romford in EiTex, twenty pounds a pece, in 
 " the whole one hundred and twenty pounds. And in Cheft- 
 <' hunt and Wooltham to other fix lik perfons twenty marks 
 ■" a pece, in the whole fourfcore pound. Which releff by 
 *' way of loan is to continev/. By the fame means is provided 
 for twenty poore people in chefthunt the firft fonday of 
 every month a meafs of meate, in flefh, bread, and money 
 for drynk. And lykwife is provided four marks yerly for 
 four fermons to be preached quarterly, by on of the preachers 
 of St. Ihon's Colledg. And thefe diftributions have bene 
 made a long time, whyleft flie lyved by fome of my fer- 
 vants, without gyvyn me knolledg therof j though in dede, 
 I had caufe to thynk that fhe did fometymes beftow fuch 
 kynd of alms, but not that I knew of any order taken for 
 contynuance therof j for fhe vvold rather coenly ufe fpeches 
 with me, how fhe was difpofed to give all that fhe cold to 
 fome fuch ufes if fhe cold devife to have the fame faythfully 
 performed after hir liif, wherof fhe allwayes pretended 
 many doubts. And for that flie ufed the advife of Mr. 
 Deanes of Powles and of Weflmynfler, and wold have hir 
 adlions kept fecrett, fhe forced upon them fome fmall peces 
 of plate to be ufed in ther chambres, as remembrances c£ 
 hir good will for their paynes. 
 
 " She did alfo four tymes in the yere fecretly fend to all the 
 prifons in London, money to buy bread, chefe and drink 
 c5enly for four hundred perfons, and many tymes more, 
 without knolledg from whom the fame come. 
 
 « 5he 
 
LADY BURLEIGH. 187 
 
 " She did lykwife fondry tymes in the yere fend fliyrts and 
 
 fmokks to the poore people, both in London, and at 
 
 Chefthunt. 
 
 " She alfo gave a fome of money to the mafter of St^ 
 
 Ihon's Colledg, to procure to have fyres in the hall of that 
 
 colledg uppon all fondays and hollydayes betwixt the feft of 
 
 all Sayntes and Candelmas, whan ther war no ordinary fyres 
 
 of the charge of the colledg. 
 
 " She gave alfo a fume of mony fecretly towards a buyld- 
 
 yng for a new waye at Cambridg to the Coen ScoUes. 
 
 " She alfo provyded a great nomber of books, wherof flie 
 
 gave fome to the Univerfity of Cambridge, namely the 
 
 great Bible in Hebrew, and four other tongs. And to the 
 
 college of Saint Ihon's very many books in Greke, of 
 
 divinite and phyfick, and of other fciences. The lyk flie 
 
 did to Chrift's Chyrch, and St. Ihon's Colledg in Oxford. 
 
 The lyk flie did to the colledg of Weflminfter. 
 
 " She did alfo yerly provydc wooll and flaxe, and did 
 
 diftribute it to women in Chefthunt parifli, wyllyng them 
 
 to work the fame into yarn, and to bryng it to hir to fe ther 
 
 manner of workyng ; and for the moft part, flie gave to 
 
 them the fluff by way of alms. Some tyme flie caufed 
 
 the fame to be wrought into cloth and gave it to the poore, 
 
 paying firfl for the fpynning more than it was worth. 
 
 " Not long afor hir deth, flie caufed fecretly to be bought 
 
 a large quantite of wheat and rye, to be difpofed amongft 
 
 the poore in tyme of derth. Which remayned unfpent at 
 
 hir deth ; but the flmic confcfTcd by fuch as provyded it 
 
 fecretly. And therfor in confcience to be fo difiributed ac- 
 
 cordyng to hir mynd. 
 
 " April 9th 1589. Written at CoUings 
 *' Lodge by me in forrow 
 B b 2 " W. B." 
 
il8S MEMOIRSOF 
 
 LADY BACON. 
 
 ANNA fecond daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke, and oF 
 Anna his wife, was born (very probably at Giddy-Hall 
 ■in Effex, cir. An. 1528. She was mofl liberally educated by 
 the care of her worthy father ; and having added much ac- 
 -quired knowledge to her great natural endowments, fhe made 
 an illuilrious appearance among the literati at that time j and 
 was conftituted governefs to King Edward the fixth. She is 
 ti;uly faid ' to be a choice lady, eminent for piety, virtue and 
 learning, and exquifitely llvill'd in the Greek, Latin, and Italian 
 tongues. She was married to Sir Nicholas Bacon, Knight, 
 lord keeper of the great feal of England, by whom fhe had 
 two fons Anthony Bacon and Francis, whofe vaft capacities, 
 and great attainments in various kinds of literature render'd 
 them the ornaments of their country, and wonder of the age. 
 '' It has been obferv'd by an ingenious writer, that " it was 
 " to the great abilities and tender care of fo accomplifh'd a 
 " parent, that her two fons, owed the early part of their edu- 
 " cation, and without doing any injuftice to the genius of 
 "" either of thefe great men we may fafely affirm, that they 
 ■*' were not a little indebted for the reputation they acquired, 
 
 •* Chauncey's Antiquities of Hereford- ^Tid. Bl»graphla Brit annua, vol. L 
 
 ^n, p. 464, p. 412. 
 
 " to 
 
LADY BACON. 189 
 
 ** to the pains taken with them by this excellent woman in 
 *' their tender years, when the mind is moft fufceptible of 
 " learning, and thereby render'd more capable of retaining 
 *' the principles of fcience, than when they are inftilled in an 
 " age farther advanced." 
 
 She gave an early fpecimen of her induftry, piety and lean>- 
 ing, in tranflating out of Italian into Englifli 25 fermons wrote 
 by Ecirnarditic Ochifie, concerning the FredejVmation and Elcc- 
 tio7i of God. Publifli'd in Odtavo about the year 1550 ^. The 
 J'ypographical Antiquities ' take notice of another Edition in 
 i2mo. but without date with the followino; title. Ccrta^ne 
 Sermons of the ryghtc famous and excclknte clerk mafter Bar- 
 aiardine O chine, borne ivithin the famous univerfities of Siena in 
 Italy, fww atfo an example in thys lyfe, for the faithful tefli- 
 inony of fefus Chrifte. 25 Sermons, tranfated into Englijh 
 from the Italian, by a gentleman, and the Lift 2 i: tranjlated by a 
 
 young Lady. And foon after her marriage flie employ'd her 
 
 iine parts and learning very much to her own honour, and to 
 the advantage of her country. 
 
 At that time the Romanills (chiefly our Englith fugitives) 
 were mofl induflrioufly making ufc of all the learning, wit 
 and malice they were mafters of, in order to blacken and 
 make the reformation of the church of England look as 
 odious as poflible, and to bring our exxellent ref )rmers into 
 contempt. Pope Pius the fourth calling the council of Trent, 
 iind fending his Nuncio Martiningo to invite (^een Elizabeth 
 to it ; and moll: of the greatoll princes of Chrillendom inter- 
 ;pofing by letters to the Queen to entertain the Nuncio and 
 fubmit to the council. It was deemed very reafonable to give 
 ihe World an account of what had been done in the-precedin"- 
 
 •* ^tsy^o's Memgrials EcchJ!afl!ca!, vol..::. p. 265, •* page, 244. 
 
 parliament. 
 
190 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 parliament, and the reafons of it, and to retort the many ac- 
 cufations brought againft our church by the romanifts. Upon 
 this occafion, the learned, eloquent and mafterly pen of the 
 incomparable Bifhop Jewel was employed in drawing up (in 
 the Latin tongue) An Apology Jor the Church of England : 
 which he performed to the infinite fatisfaftion of the reformed 
 churches, and to the fhame and confufion of that of Rome. 
 The common people had without doubt an earneft defire to- 
 fee and be acquainted with the contents of this book, which 
 then made fo great a nolfe, and had io much alarmed the 
 World : and the learned men being then otherwife employed 
 in confuting the calumnies raifed by the papifts ; and in an- 
 fwering the many feditious libels which fwarmed hither from 
 Lovain, Doway, and other places ; this excellent lady under- 
 took the tranflating of it, and made a very faithful and elegant 
 verfion confidering the time when it was done. Mr. Strype 
 obferves *, that after fhe had finiflied the tranflation, fhe fent 
 the copy to the Archbifliop to perufe it, as a perfon to whom 
 the care of the church of England, and its dodlrine chiefly 
 belonged. She fent alfo this her tranflation to Bifhop Jewel 
 the author, to overlook it, that flie might not in any point 
 miftake his meaning. This copy was attended with an epifl:le 
 to him in Greek ; and he anfwered her in Greek again. Both 
 this Bifliop and the Archbifliop, read over the tranflation, and 
 found it fo correft, that they mended nothing ; no, not the 
 leafl: word. The letter the Archbifhop fent to her, relating to 
 this performance, being very much to the honour of herfelf, 
 and fex, I will here tranfcribe fome part of it, believing the 
 perufal of it may be very acceptable to the ladies, and may 
 raife an emulation in them, to apply themfelves to the fludy 
 
 .•> Life of Arckbifliop Parker, p. 178. 
 
 of 
 
L A D Y B A C O N. 191 
 
 of ufeful learning. The letter was thus fuperfcribed, To the 
 right honourable, learned, and virtuous lady, A. B. M. C. laijh- 
 <eth from God, grace, honour, atid felicity. He told her therein, 
 ■*' That according to her rcqueft, he had perufed her ftudious 
 " labour of tranflation, profitably employed in a right com- 
 ■" mendable work. Whereof, for that it liked her to make 
 " him a judge, and for that the thing it felf had Angularly 
 " pleafed his judgment, and delighted his mind in reading it, 
 " he had right heartily to thank her ladylhip, both for her 
 " well thinking of him, and for the comfort that it wrought 
 " in him. But far above thefe private refpedts, he was by 
 " greater cauies enforced, not only to fliew his rejoyce of this 
 " her doing, but alfo to teftify the fame by this his writing 
 ■** prefixed before the work, to the commodity of others, and 
 " good encouragement of her felf. That Ihe had ufed her 
 ■*' accuftomed jnodcfty, in fubmitting it to judgment ; but 
 " therein her praife doubled, fith it had pailcd Judgment 
 " without reproach. And whereas both the chief author of 
 •" the Latin work, and he, feverally perufing and conferring 
 •" her whole tranflation, had without alteration allowed of it, 
 " he was both to defire her ladyfliip, and advertife the readers, 
 " to think that they had not therein given any thing to any 
 *'■ diffembling afi'edlion towards her, as being contented to 
 " wink at faults to pleafe her, or to make her without caufe 
 •" to pleafe her felf. For that there were fundry refpedls to 
 " draw them from fo doing, although they had been fo ill 
 '" minded, as there was no caufe why they fliould be fo 
 *'^ thought of That her own judgment in difcerning flattery, 
 " her modefty in mifliking it, the laying open of their opi- 
 *' nion to the world, the truth of their friendfliip towards 
 ■*' her, the unwillingnefs of them both, in refpedl of their 
 t^ vocations, to have that Publick work not truly and well 
 
 *' tranflated. 
 
192 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " tranflated, were good caufes to perfwade, that their allow- 
 *' ance was of fincere truth and underftanding. That by her 
 " travail flie expreffed an acceptable duty to the glory of God, 
 " deferved well of this church of Chrift, honourably defend- 
 " ed the good fame and eftimation of her own native tongue, 
 *' fliewing it fo able to contend with a work originally written 
 " in the mofl: praifed fpeech. That befides the honour done 
 *' to her fex, and to the degree of ladies, fhe had done plea- 
 " fure to the author of the latin book, in delivering him by 
 " her clear tranflation, from the perils of ambiguous and 
 " doubtful conflrudlions ; and in making his good work more 
 " publickly beneficial : Whereby flie had raifed up great 
 " comfort to her friends, and had furniflied her own confci- 
 " ence joyfully with the fruit of her labour, in fo occupying 
 " her time. Which mult needs redound to the encourage- 
 " ment of noble youth in their good education, and to fpend 
 " their time and knowledge i-n godly exercife, fhe having de- 
 " livered them fo fingular a precedent. That as God, he was 
 " fure, did accept that her doing, and would blefs with in- 
 " creafe ; fo her, and their moft vertuous and learned fove- 
 " reign lady and miftrefs, it fliould be good caufe to commend ; 
 " and all noble gentlewomen fliould, he trufted, hereby be 
 *' allured from vain delights, to doings of more perfect 
 " glory. 
 
 " That he for his part, as occafion might ferve, fliould ex- 
 *' hort others to take profit by her work, and follow her ex- 
 " ample: whofe fuccefs he befeeched our heavenly father to 
 " blefs and profper. That to the end, both to acknowledge 
 " his good approbation, and to fpreadthe benefit more largely, 
 *' where her ladyfhip had fent him her book written, he had 
 " with moft hearty thanks returned it her, as flie faw, printed : 
 " knowing that he had thereby done for the beft, and in this 
 
 " point 
 
LADY BACON. 193 
 
 " point ufed a reafonablc policy ; that is, to prevent fuch 
 " excufes as her mod^fly would have made in flay of pub- 
 « lifliingit." 
 
 ^-«V. 
 
 This work was printed An. 1564, 410. and 1600, i2mo. /o^^ /t^^'^^^ ^^ 
 
 Whether flie wrote, or tranflated any thing elfe I know 
 not ; nor any thing more of her, than that llie furvived lier 
 hufband Sir Nicholas Bacon (who died the 20th of February, 
 1578-9, and was buried March the 9th in St. Paul's church 
 London ; where an elegant monument was eredled to his 
 memory,) and was living as I find by Mr. Newcourt ' An. 
 1 59 1. She died as I conjedure about the beginning of the 
 reign of King James L at Gorhambury near St. Alban's in 
 Hertfordfliire, (where her pidure ftill remains) and lies buried 
 as Dr. Rawley obferves " in St. Michael's church there. But 
 I could not find either monument or infcription in memory of 
 her at that place. 
 
 ' Rcpertorium, vol. I. p. 787. Bacon, Ld. Verulam, prefixed to his Re- 
 
 ^ In his life of her fon Sir Francis mains. 
 
 Cc LADY 
 
194 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 LADY RUSSEL. 
 
 ELIZABETH third daugliter of Sir Anthony Cooke 
 and Anne his wife, was born (as I prefume) at Giddy- 
 Hall in EfTex, cir. An. 1529, and was equally happy with 
 lier other fifters in having the advantage of a learned and polite 
 education ; and in the progrefs flie made in the learned lan- 
 guages J which gained her the applaufe of the mofl learned 
 men of that age and fince. 
 
 I intirely agree with Sir John Harington ', that if Madam 
 
 Vittoria an Itahan lady deferved to have her name celebrated 
 
 and tranfmitted to pofterity by Ariofto, for writing fome verfes 
 
 in manner of an epitaph upon her hufband after his deceafe ; 
 
 that this learned lady deferves no lefs commendation, having 
 
 ,<3one as much and more, not only for two hufbands, but for 
 
 her fon, daughter, brother, fifter, and venerable old friend 
 
 Mr, Noke of Shottefbrooke \ in the Greek, Latin, and Eng- 
 
 hfh tongues. She was married, firft, to Sir Thomas Hobby, 
 
 who being fent embaflador into France for Queen Elizabeth, 
 
 fhe accompanied him thither. And he dying at Paris July 
 
 13th An. 1566, aged 36; left this his difconfolate lady big 
 
 with child, who brought him honourably home ; and having 
 
 -« See hh notes u^onJrioJo, p. 314. mole's Berklhire, vol. 2. p. 491. 
 ** See tke Latin verfes printed in Afli- 
 
 ereded 
 
LADY RUSSEL. rp^ 
 
 ereifted a chapel on the foutli fide the chancel of the church 
 at Bifhani in Berkfliire, flie carefully depofited his, and his 
 brother Sir Philip Hobby's remains in one tomb together, 
 which flie adorned with large infcriptions in Latin and Eng- 
 lifli verfe of her own compofing ". She had by Sir Thomas 
 four children, viz. Edward, Elizabeth, Anne and Thomas 
 Poflhumus, who, as I find by a long letter '' wrote with lady 
 
 8 Ibid, pages, 465, 66, 67, 63, 69. 
 
 I* Now in the poneffion of the Hon. 
 James Weft, Efq. Imagining that a copy 
 of this letter mav not be unacceptab'e to 
 very many of my readers, 1 will here give 
 an exaft tranfcript of it. 
 
 " My good Lord, tJunking it my duty 
 " to prcfent my humble duty to her Ma- 
 " jefty, and to lend to the coorte, to un- 
 " derfland how her Majclly in this trooble- 
 " fom tyme doth beare this unnatural! 
 " confpiracy agaynft her felf and thevr 
 *' cuntry ; I thought good .olfa ta give 
 " your felf moft humble and harty thanks 
 " for your L. letters ; and to let your L. 
 " know, that in my harte I kifs the h.Tud 
 " that took fo muche payne with penn. 
 *' Agaync I fownd my chyld in Sheppey, 
 " and he is now here. The caufc of" his 
 " departure to be bicaufe, he Ihoold this 
 " ne.xt tearme by my appoyntment have 
 " ben placed in Innes of Coorte, for his 
 " better inftruiiion : where I had taken 
 " order, he fhould ha\'e ben placed at 
 " Michaelmas lall was a twelvemoneth, 
 " as Mr. Farmer c?n witnefs with me; 
 " but that in refpeft of his littlenefs Mr. 
 " Farmer entreated me, both in refped 
 " of his own creditt, and the howie I 
 " wold forbeare till he were bigger ; for 
 " that he Iboold be reputed as a chyld. 
 " The boy fayth that by no mcanes he 
 " can frame hiin felf to 1} ke or to take 
 
 " that coorfe, to his own good and my 
 " comfort. On the other fide for travell ; 
 " the fequell of his brothers travell, and 
 " example of Anthony Eacon, doth make 
 " me refolute in no wife to confcnt to his 
 " going over the Tea. The dawnger moil 
 " great, I have but two fcones. The 
 " profitt uncert)ne fryvolows ; the lan- 
 " guages to be learned with the fcite of 
 " cuntryes here at home by bookes, with 
 " lefs dawnger then in thefe dayes by 
 " journey. The certayne frufles dayly 
 " fownd of yong men's travell now a 
 " dayes nothing but pr}de, charge, and 
 " vanytie in demming better of theyr 
 " own conceyts, then wiidom woold. 
 " And though 1 \\ ill never be fownd un- 
 " naturall, yet will I not while I live 
 " begg.ir my felf for my cradell, if I 
 " may prevent it. Now my Lord fins he 
 " will not apply him felf to law, which I 
 " greatly defired ; the next coorfe is, to 
 " dedicate him to your fervice : the only 
 " man, and fubjed, my felf doth fo 
 " much honowre, and lo\e, as to afford 
 " my foone to fcr\e, and weare Li'verj. 
 " Yf it pleafe your L. to \-ouchrafe to ac- 
 " cept him, he fliall during your likeing 
 " of him to the honowre of your L. fer- 
 " vice coll me yerly one hundreth pounds ; 
 " if he appl^' him felf thorowghly and 
 " diligently, to pleafe your L. if it pleafe 
 " not your L. to accept him, nor to 
 
 " troobl& 
 
 Cc 2 
 
196 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Ruflel's own hand, to her brother Lord Treafurer Burleigh, 
 by his exceffive extravagancies and undutifuhiefs, gave her 
 much uneafinefs. From this letter it appears, that fhe was a 
 lady of great fpirit and feme, as well as an excellent oeconomift. 
 
 trooble your felf with him, afluredly 
 fuch hath his unnaturall bad nature and 
 inlblency ben, in fuipefting me, with 
 difdayne to ferve me, and envying my 
 love to his poore wronged fiftars, buing 
 infants, joyned with refufall to taice 
 that coorfe of law which might have in 
 end bredd my comfort and his owne 
 good ; as with reverence, being .poken 
 to your felf only ; I am refolute : Let 
 him gad to my L. of Lecefter, or who 
 living except my Lord Threfurers fer- 
 vice, he Ihall never coft me more then 
 the forty pownds yerly allredy aflured 
 him ; procured firft of myne owne in- 
 dinacion, without the perfwafion of 
 eny living or dcd ; fms I have io fmall 
 thanks for that, I am tawght for more. 
 Neather fhall eny living, 1 except none, 
 perfwade me during myne owne natu- 
 rall lyfe to affure eny more to him, fms 
 he had the face to fay to my felf that if 
 that had ben of my doing, it Ihoold 
 not have ben fo afl'ured to him. My 
 Lord thogh I be not fo bad a bird as 
 to defyle myne owne neft ; yet I know 
 my children, as well as the wifeft (hall 
 in tyme, and have not had a defyre to 
 underftand what is farther from me, to 
 be ignorant of them that are fo nere. 
 And thogh my naturall inclinacioa-have 
 ben, by love and reafon to p ocure my 
 children to love, and feare me : yet I 
 have not deferved thereby contempt, 
 nor ihewed my felf fimple, in being 
 ignorant of my due, and valew of my 
 defart. My Lord I befcche yow think 
 roe not pallionate, I abhor that humor. 
 
 but beleve me, the unnaturall hard na- 
 ture and infolency of this boy hath ex- 
 ceded his brothers. This hath eaten 
 no bred fms his birth, but what my 
 purfe hath payd for; neather hath he 
 grote but what my mony hath payd for ; 
 neather can he live with more but by 
 me; or your felf that for my fake of 
 your own goodnefs will do more then 
 we both can defarve. What his owne 
 infirmityes & infufficiency by want of 
 ftature, learning, and otherwife be, I 
 know: what of mere love without the 
 perfwafion of eny I have done & en- 
 dured for him in not yelding liis bro- 
 thers wardfhip to my Lord Ruflell, God 
 & my felf beft know. Yf I be an 
 honeft woman fms his fathers death & 
 his birth, feaven thow fand pownds have 
 gone owt of my purfe for things ment 
 to him, befide his owne charge of edu- 
 cation : neather coold my L. of B. rage, 
 or my La. warwicks mallice, or my L. 
 Ru/Tells want, make me carelefs to 
 leave him able to live after my death. 
 The leafe of the parfonages now being 
 two hundred marks by yere, I have 
 made to him after my death. 
 " The leafc in reverfion for 50 yeres, 
 being worth 400 marks by yere, I have 
 made to him. 
 
 " Poden being 300 1. de claro yerly, I 
 have made the inheritance unto him, 
 which coft me 3; hundred pownds. 
 " The Black Fryers inheritance after 
 my life, I have made unto him : th.e 
 purchafs and building coft me above a 
 1 000 k " The. 
 
LADY RUSSEL. 197 
 
 Some years after the death of Sir Thomas Hobby, flie was 
 married to Lord John Ruflel, fon and heir to Frances RufTel, 
 the fecond Earl of Bedford of that firname ; who dying be- 
 fore his Father in the year 1584, was buried in the abby 
 church at Weftminfter, where is a very noble monument 
 eredled to liis memory, and embelliflied with inlcriptions in 
 Greek, Latin, and Englifli, drawn up by this his excellent 
 lady. She had illue by him one fon, who died young An. 
 1580. And two daughters Anne and Elizabeth: the lafl of 
 whom furvived her father but a little while, and is faid ' to 
 liave bled to death by the prick of a needle in the forefinger of 
 her left hand, as feems to be intimated by the figure placed on 
 
 " The 40 1. from his brother owt of 
 ' Lencliwick, coil me five hundred 
 ' pounds. 
 
 " Other fluff and plate, bowght new, 
 ' and ment to him after my death, as 
 ' him fcif knew before his running away, 
 ' which hath coll me and mr/_ft 1 4 hundred 
 ' pownds. 
 
 " His brother yet was an heyr, able to 
 ' live without me, had the law of the 
 ' land to back him, thogh both moil un- 
 godly & monllruous. I meane to fend 
 him to your L. to hamper, thogh to 
 avoid the opinyon of paflion my fclf in 
 choler, but coldly, have not uttered a 
 word whereby my fervants might dif- 
 cern my warr betwcne myne owne fleih 
 and blood : but in trewth myne owne 
 misfortune doth fling my very hart with 
 the ^reatefl griet, thogh I fmother it. 
 Let him felf be examined if ever I were 
 bitter to him, gave him ill fpeche, un- 
 derlloode the lell of miilike or want be- 
 fore hi:, letter fcnt after his departure. 
 His brother fwe.nreth and avoweth that 
 he knew nothing of his folly : but fub- 
 
 " mitteth him felf k his fervice in moil 
 " dutyfull manner. Thus bcfeching God 
 " to blcfs both your hart, hand, Sc your 
 " whole felf, with great comfort & long 
 " life. Farewell good Lord & mofl be- 
 " loved brother. Written from Dunnin- 
 " ton this 25th of Augufl. 
 
 " Your L. loving iifter, 
 
 " ELIZABETH RUSSELL": 
 
 " Yf your L. here that I mary, think it 
 " not ftrange : for I live without comfort 
 " of eny living : God & your felf ex- 
 " cepted ; all other I find more com- 
 " brows & dawngeious, then comfortable. 
 " But my owld man, is faid to be fo- 
 " da)nly ded, I hope it be not fo. He 
 " was well on Fr) day after dinner, I re- 
 " ceived a letter written in his owne hand 
 " on Saturday, k yet reported on Twef- 
 " day to my L. of Northumberland as his 
 " fteward told me to be ded, k that 
 " fod.aynly." 
 
 ' See the Antiq. of Wcilminfler Abby 
 by Crul, p 39. 
 
 her 
 
198 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 her monument, which is within the fame grate with that of 
 her father ; where on a pedeftal of black and white marble 
 made column wife, in imitation of a Roman altar, may be 
 feen the flatue of a young iady feated in a moft curious wrought 
 ofier chair, of the finefl polifiied alabafter, in a very melan- 
 choly pofture, inclining her head to the right hand, and with 
 the fore-finger of her left only extended downwards, to direft 
 us to behold the deaths head underneath her feet, and to in- 
 timate to us the difafter that brought her to her end ; which 
 if true, muft be attributed to fonie gangrene, or other dange- 
 rous fymptom, occafioned, perhaps, at firft by the pricking 
 of an artery or nerve, which at laft brought her to the grave. 
 This monument was eredled to her memory by her only fur- 
 viving fifler Anne, 
 
 She tranflated out of French into Englifli, a tra<ft called, 
 A TFay of Reconciliation of a good and learned man, Touching 
 the true nature and fuhftance of the body and blood of Chriji in 
 the facrament. Printed 1605 ; and dedicated it to her only 
 daughter, Anne Herbert, wife to the Lord H. Herbert, fon 
 and heir to Edward Earl of Worcefter. In this dedication 
 (fays Mr. Strype) the excellent fpirit as well as pen of this 
 good lady may be obferved. It begins thus. 
 
 " Moft vertuous and worthily beloved daughter ; even as 
 " from your firft birth and cradle, I was ever moft careful, 
 " above any worldly thing, to have you fuck the perfedl milk 
 « of fincere religion > fo, willing to end as I began, I have 
 *' left to you, as my laft legacy, this book, a moft precious 
 " jewel, to the comfort of your foul ; being the work of a 
 " good learned man, made above fifty years fince in Germany; 
 '* after by travail a French creature, now naturalized by me 
 " into Englifli." Then proceeding to give the reafon of her 
 
 publiflo/- 
 
L A D Y R U S S E L. ip^ 
 
 publifliing this piece, flie added, " That at firft (lie meant 
 *' not to fet it abroad in print ; but herfelf only to have fome 
 *' certainty to lean unto in a matter fo full of controverfy, and 
 ■** to yield a reafon of her opinion. But fince lending the 
 *' copy of her own hand to a friend, fhe was bereft thereof 
 " by fome : and fearing leil after her death it fliould be printed 
 •*' according to the humours of others, and wrong of the dead : 
 ■*'■ who in his life approved her tranflation with his own allow- 
 ■*' ance : therefore dreading, Ihe faid, wrong to him, above 
 ■*' any other refped:, flae had by anticipation prevented tlie 
 ■" worft. And then pioufly and aftedlionately (lie concludes 
 " thus ; that fhe meant it for a new-year's gift : and then, 
 ■" farewel, my good Nancy. God hlefs thee with the con- 
 *' tinuance of the comfort of tlie holy fpirit ; that it may ever 
 *' work in you, and perfevere with you to the end, and in 
 " the end." 
 
 And then (lie ends with this Tetrajlich to her faid daughter, 
 iuitahle to the new year. 
 
 In ANN AM filiam. 
 
 Ut veniens annus tibi plurima commodet, ANNA, 
 Voce pia Mater, fupplice mente, precor^ 
 
 Ut valeat paritcrq j tuo cum conjuge Proles, 
 OiHciis jundiis, vita ferena fluat. 
 
 ELIZABETHA RUSSELLA, Dowager '. 
 
 To lier daughter A N N R 
 
 That each new year new blc (Tings Anne may bear. 
 Thy tender mother breaths her pious pray'r. 
 
 5 Strype's Annals, vol. 2. p. 469. 
 
 Blefe 
 
200 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 Blefl be thy hufband, bleft thy offspring be, 
 And all thy days from ev'ry ill be free. 
 
 Where or when this worthy lady died I know not ; but by 
 an original letter (which I have feen) " from Sir John Har- 
 ington to her ladyfliip, concerning his book called The Meta- 
 morphofis of y^jax, it appears that flie was living in the month 
 of Auguft, 1596, tho' in a very weak condition : for by ano- 
 ther letter which I have feen, wrote with her ladyfhip's own 
 hand, to her nephew Cecill, without date, but feems to have 
 been wrote the enfuing year ; flie complains much of her bad 
 health, and the infirmities of old age, being very apprehen- 
 five of a fudden death : and concludes, " Your Lordfhip's 
 " owld awnt of compleate 68 yeres, that prays for your L. 
 " long lyfe 
 
 " ELIZABETH RUSSELL, Dowager.". 
 
 She feems to have been buried by her firfl hufband at Biiliam 
 in Berks, in the chapel which fhe her felf had founded ; in 
 which is a very magnificent monument erected againft the 
 fouth Wall, and fenced with iron fpikes. In the middle is a 
 large arch raifed upon four pillars, under which the ftatue of 
 this lady is placed in a kneeling pofture, having a Vifcounteffes 
 Coronet on her head. On the cufliion whereon flie kneels, 
 is laid before her the figure of a young infant, and behind her 
 kneel her three daughters. Weftward (but without the arch) 
 are the ftatues of two men in armour likewife kneeling. Eail- 
 ward (and without the arch alfo) is the ftatue of a lady wear- 
 
 t Now in the pofleffion of the honourable James Weft, Efq; 
 
 ing 
 
LADYRUSSEL. mi 
 
 ing; a robe lined with ermin and the coronet belonging to a 
 Vilcountefs on her head. On a black marble tablet, placed 
 near the foot of the aforefaid monument, is this infcription. 
 
 MH AAKPTXIN KOXMEI, MH 
 KAATGMASIN 'ENTA^IAESON 
 nOlEI EIMI EAPZdSA Al AXTPA 
 
 eEa. 
 
 On another marble tablet is diis infcription. 
 
 Nemo me lacrimis decoret, neque fu- 
 nera fletu, faxit cur ? vado per aftra 
 Deo.* 
 
 Nor tears my friends, nor fun'ral rites employ ! 
 Afk you the caufe ■ I foar to heav'nly joy ! 
 
 • So I find it printed in Mr. Aflimole's Antiquities of Serb, vol. 2. p. 470.. 
 
 Dd CATHE- 
 
202 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 KATHERINE KILLIGREW. 
 
 KATHERINE fourth daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke, 
 and of Anne his wife, was born, as I conceive, at Giddy- 
 Hall in EfTex, about the year 1530 : And having the advan- 
 tages of an excellent education joined to an elegant natural 
 genius, fhe became famous for her knowledge in the Hebrew, 
 Greek, and Latin tongues, and far her ikill in poetry. A 
 fpecimen of her talent in that art is preferved by Sir John 
 Harington ', and Dr. Thomas Fuller "", The motive which 
 induced her to write thefe verfes is a little uncertain. Sir J. 
 Harington who feems to have been perfonally acquainted with 
 thofe ladies, fays, they were \vrot« to Lady Burleigh, to fend 
 a kinfman of hers into Cornwall where fhe dwelt, and to fhop 
 his going beyond fea. Mr. Phillips fays " it was to her lover. 
 But Dr. Fuller with more fhew of reafon tells us, that Sir 
 Henry Killigrew (her hufband) being defigned by Queen 
 Elizabeth embaflador to France, in troublefome times, when 
 the employment, always difficult, was then apparently dange- 
 rous ; his lady, wrote thefe verfes to her fifter Mildred Cecill, 
 to improve her power with the Lord Treafurer her hufband, 
 that Sir Henry might be excufed from t]iat fervice. But be 
 -the occafion as it may j the verfes are as follow. 
 
 ' In his Worthies, p. 328. /.riofio,^. 314. 
 
 * In his notes to Uie tranflation of ■" 'll.tatrum PQStamm, p. 156. 
 
KATHERINE KILLIGREW. 203 
 
 Si mihi quem ciipio cures Mildreda remitti, 
 Tu bona, tu melior, tu mihi Ibla Soror : 
 Sin male ceffando retines, 6c trans mare mittis, 
 Tu mala, tu pejor, tu mihi nulla Soror. 
 Is fi Cornubiam, tibi pax lit & omnia la:ta. 
 Sin Mare, Cicilia; nuncio bella. Vale. 
 
 Thus Englifli'd by an ingenious friend. 
 
 If, Mildred, to my wiflies kind 
 
 Thy valued charge thou fend, 
 In thee my foul IhuU own combin'd 
 
 The fifter and the friend. 
 
 If from my eyes by thee detain'd 
 
 The wanderer crofs the feas. 
 No more thy love rtiall footh^ as friend. 
 
 No more as fifter, pleafe. 
 
 His ftay let CornwaU's flwrc engage j 
 
 And peace with Mildred dwell : 
 Elfe war with Cecil's name I wage 
 
 Perpetual war. farewell. 
 
 She was married to Henry Killigrew Efq; a Corn! Hi gentle- 
 man of good abilities, and, for the fervices he did his country 
 in the quality of an embalfador, was as it feems afterwards 
 knighted. What iifue " flie left behind her I know not ; nor 
 
 " It appears from Carew's Cornxirl, very probable (he was his daughter by 
 F0I.117, that Sir Henry Killigrew had a this lady. Sir Henry was living in great 
 daughter, married to Sir Jonathan Tre- eftocm in the year i6o2. Vid. Carew's 
 lawny a Cornifli Gent, about the latter- Ccrtnual, Fol. 61. 
 
 end of Queen Elizabeth's reign : and 'tis 
 
 D d 2 any 
 
204 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 any thing more of her, than that it appears from her fathers 
 will ""that fhe was living May 22, A, 1576, and that (he lies 
 buried in the chancel of the church of St, Thomas the Apoflle 
 in Vintry Ward London ; where is an elegant monument 
 ereded to her memory, on which is the following infcription ''. 
 
 In mortem fuam haec Carmina dum vixerat fcriplit D. 
 iKatharina Killigreia. 
 
 Dormlo nunc Domino, Domini virtute refurgamj 
 
 Et acalripct meum carne videbo mea. 
 Mortua ne dicar, fruitur pars altera Chrifto : 
 
 Et furgam capiti, tempore, tota, meo. 
 
 iElizabethae in Obitum Katharinae Sororis Epicsedia. 
 
 "EucTiSiWj J^iS'a^riiy Tiofx.-^hot.i ctfivov afaAjMa, 
 MgiAij^^iB Ti TpcTra, vnXu ^wiTrle /jlopoj. 
 
 ApiJ.ovir\v ayA?) vvv 7ro^s8<ra, -ctrcAa. 
 
 Chara valeto Soror, in CceIo morte triumphaSj 
 
 Mors tua vita tibi, mors tamen ilia tuis. 
 
 Mens tua labe carens, pietas, dodlrina, modefta 
 
 Vita, lepos fuavis digna fuere Deo. 
 
 Ut junxit Sanguis, nos jungat in aethere -Chriftus : 
 
 Interea taceo mortua morte tua. 
 
 "I" Strj'pe's Ju/ta/s c/ the Re/, under that ' Vid. Stowe's Surwj of London, edit. 
 :3^«ar- fol. 1633, pages, 259, 260. 
 
 'Feliciffima 
 
KATHERINE KILLIGREW. 205 
 
 Feliciflimae & in Chriflo chariffimas Memoriae Katherinje 
 "Kiligreiae, Robertus MalTonusJFormanus, Paftor Ecclefice Lon- 
 :dino-Gallicae his Verfibus parentavit. 
 
 Coeleftem KaS-a^w conclufam peftore mentem 
 
 Audivi, afpexi, faepius obftupui : 
 Coelicolam fandto feclufam corpore mentem, 
 
 Quam colui cams, moeftus ovanfque cano : 
 Quis non ereptas tot dotes lugeat ? &c qujs 
 
 Ccelo coeleftes lividus invideat ? 
 Cedere fed Patri gnatos, terrena fupernis 
 
 Eft aequum, fequimur : tu Ka3-ap/ra pra;i. 
 
 Epitaphium praeftanti Femins, Katharinae Kiligreijc, Au- 
 Ttore Andrea Melvino. 
 
 Palladis et Phoebi comes una, & Pieris una, 
 Pieridumque Soror, Pieridumque Parens. 
 
 Gratia, Suada, Lepos, Gravitas, Conftantia, Candor, 
 Relligio, Pietas, & Pudor & Probitas, 
 Atque Paleftina?, & Latiae, Graiasque Camense 
 
 Claufit olim uno omnes pedore, nunc tumulo. 
 
 Aliud Epitaphium Autore 
 Gulielmo Charco. 
 
 Hie Katharina jacet de ftemmate nobilitato 
 Cociadum, & claro Kiligreio nupta marito : 
 Hoc fatis eft, Hofpes : Rhodanus nam caetera novit, 
 Et dives Rhenus ; celebrat fie fama Sororem 
 Mufarum, & Magnani magnae Pietatis Alumjiam, 
 
 Xhe 
 
2o6 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 The EngUfli tranflatlon of the foregoing epitaphs on Mrs. 
 Killigrew. 
 
 Mrs. Katherine Killigrew, wrote the following verfes ia 
 her life time, on her own death. 
 
 To God I deep, but I in God fhall rife, 
 
 And, in the flefli, my Lord and Saviour fee, 
 
 Call me not dead, my foul to Chrift is fled. 
 And foon, both foul and body join'd fliall be. 
 
 A Lamentation for the death of Mrs. K. Killigrew, by her- 
 fifter Elizabeth. 
 
 By rig'rous fate, tho' learned, pious, fair. 
 She fell ; no eloquence perfwaded there. 
 Untimely fnatch'd, fweet Katharine farewell, 
 'Tis thine in heav'nly harmony to dwell ! 
 
 Farewell, dear fifter, you fhall heav'n enjoy, 
 
 Crown 'd by that death which does thy friends deflroy. 
 
 Free was thy mind from ev'ry vicious ftain. 
 
 Wit, learning, grace, did in thy bofom reign. 
 
 Thy blamelefs life well merited that heav'n, 
 
 Which to thy hopes, (alafs !) was early giv'n. 
 
 As blood on earth our friendly bofoms join'd. 
 
 Our fouls, above, fliall be in Chrift combin'd.. 
 
 Mean time in filence I thy death deplore. 
 
 Dead by that fatal ftroke, I can no more ! 
 
 To 
 
KATHERINE KILLIGREW. 207 
 
 To the moft happy, and in Chrift, mofl: dear, memory of 
 K. K. Robertus, MalTonus Formanus, Minifter of the reformed 
 prench church in London, offers thefe verfes. 
 
 Oft have I feen, and ftill with wond'ring eyes. 
 In her fair mind each blooming virtue rife; 
 Seen ev'ry grace its utmofl: power difplay. 
 An heav'nly foul enclos'd in fpotlefs clay ! 
 Such was her mind, fuch excellence Hie bore, 
 I once admir'd her, and I now deplore ! 
 What mortal heart would not this ti-eafure mourn. 
 From earth, by death's rclentlefs mandate torn 1 
 Yet who Hiall dare to murmur at her reft. 
 Or envy faints with endlefs glory bleft ? 
 Tis juft that children lliould to parents bow;. 
 And earthly frailty God's great will allow, 
 Lead, beauteous Kath'rine, in th'etherial wayl 
 Jn tears we follow to the realms of day ! 
 
 An epitaph on the moft excellent K. K. by Andrew Melvin. 
 
 Apollo's fav'rite and to Pallas dear, 
 
 Adorn'd by ev'ry art her works appear. 
 
 Parent and fifter of the harmonious nine, 
 
 All Greece and Rome did in her numbers Hiine. 
 
 The facred language too llie made her own. 
 
 Nor eaftern learning was to her unknown. 
 
 Faith, modeft candour, piety refign'd, 
 
 Religious zeal, and purity of mind. 
 
 Each grace that love or admiration gains, 
 
 Jier bofom once, and novv-, her tomb contains. 
 
 Another 
 
 h 
 
zo8 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Another epitaph, written by William Chark.. 
 
 Here Kath'rine lies, derlv'd of noble kind. 
 Of Cooke, to Killigrew by marriage join'd. 
 Enough this notice, for to diftant Rhone, 
 And Rhine, her virtue, and her wit are known, 
 By fame fuch lafting monuments are giv'n. 
 To her, the Mufes friend,^ and faint of Heav'n. 
 
 Mr. Camden ^ Dr. Fuller ', Mr. Lloyd ', Mr. Bohun ', 
 and Mr. Strype '", mention a fifth daughter, whofe name they 
 fay is lofl : But all obferve that fhe was married to Sir Ralph 
 Rowlet. Nay, Sir William Dugdale " tells us that Sir 
 Anthony Cooke had fix daughters, but gives no authority for 
 it. I have taken much pains to find out thofe two ladies, but 
 with fmall fuccefs. Sir John Harington who as I have obfer- 
 ved above correfponded with lady Rufiel, and therefore one 
 would think might be depended upon in this affair, mentions 
 but four \ But that which feems to put the thing out of all 
 doubt, is a monumental infcription for their father Sir Anthony 
 Cooke, in the church at Rumford in Efi"ex, ^ which contains a 
 fort of pedigree of the family, and which mentions two fons, 
 viz, Richard who married Anne, daughter of John Caulton — 
 And William, who married Frances daughter of John Lord 
 
 ■■ In his Jrmah of ^een Elizabeth, un- * In his Life of Archbijhop Parker, p. 
 
 der the year 1576. 179. 
 
 s M'orthits in Effex, p. 328. " Baronage, vol. 2. p. 437. 
 
 « State JVcrthics, p. 374. ^ See his Engliih tranflation of jiriojio, 
 
 "■ In the preface to his tranflation of p. 314. 
 
 Bifliop Jewel's Apology for the church of ^ Vid. Salmon's Hijlory and Antiquitiej 
 
 England, of EJJ'ex, p. 25 1 . 
 
 Gray, 
 
t 
 
 MEMOIRSOF 209 
 
 Gray, brother to the Duke of Suffolk: andthe abovcmentlon'd 
 four daughters. And 'tis obfervable, that the monument re- 
 prefcnts Sir Anthony with two fens beliind him : and his lady 
 with only four daughters behind her as Mr. Strype informs 
 us \ 
 
 Since the writing of thi?, in turning over Mr. Fulman's 
 manufcripts in Corpus Chrifli College Archives, I find it re- 
 marked by that indefatigable gentleman " that the fifth daugh- 
 ter's name was MARGARET; and that fhe was married, 
 to Ralph Rowlet Sher. Eff. Hertf 
 
 And in Dr. Haddon's poems =, I lately met with the fol- 
 lowing Tetraftich. 
 
 IN NUPTIAS RODOLPHI ROULETI, & 
 
 Thoma' Hobei, qui duas D. Antonii Coci filias, duxere uxores. 
 eodem die. 
 
 Margaritam Roulete tuam fac mente recondas, 
 
 Gemma fit ut tuto tarn pretioili loco. 
 Sit frater fratri fimilis, fit filia patri, 
 
 Sic vir erit dignus conjuge, fponfa viro. 
 
 On the nuptials of Ralph Rowlet and Thomas Hobby, who 
 on the fame day, efpoufed the two daughters of Sir Anthony 
 Cooke. 
 
 Rowlet in purefi: heart thy Marg'ret wear, 
 A calket proper for a gem fo rare ! 
 
 • jinm/s, under the year 1576. « Printed at London, 1 567, 410 p. 8t, 
 
 •> Vol. 15. 
 
 Ee The 
 
210 
 
 MEMOIRS, &c. 
 
 The brother's merit let tlie brother claim, 
 The daughter emulate the Father's fame : 
 So fhall the bridegroom to his like be join'd, 
 The bride her virtues in her cojilort find. 
 
 Mr. Strype in his Mcmoi-iafs 'Ecdefiaftical under the year 
 1557, fays " December the eighth, the Lady Rowlet, one 
 *'• of the learned daughters of Sir Anthony Cooke, and the 
 " youngeft of the five, wife of Sir Ralph Rowlet, Knight, 
 *' was buried in the parifli of St. Mary Staining London 
 
 But after 
 jdaughter. 
 
 all, quare, whether flie was not a natural 
 
 i:-^- 
 
 
 Q^UEEN 
 
M E M O I R S O F 2 u 
 
 QUEEN ELIZABETH. 
 
 THIS Princefs (worthy to be compared with (lie greatcft 
 monarchs that ever reigned) was born at Greenwich 
 upon Thames, on Sunday, September tlie leventh, An. 1533: 
 And was the daughter of King Henry the eighth, by his 
 Queen Anne Bullen. She was born with a genius as much 
 fuperiour to the common race of mortals, as in her ftation, 
 flie was raifed above them : and indeed, ihe fell into times 
 that required no lefs a degree of underftanding. Providence 
 alfo may juflly be fiippofed to have beftowcdupon her uncom- 
 mon intclle<5luals, and to have bleilcd and profpered her to an 
 uncommon degree in tlie exercife of them. For how elfe 
 could ihe have been enabled to have feated herfelf fo firmly in 
 theRcgal Throne, and to have extricated herfelf out of the many 
 difficulties, with which ihe and her country were embarraffed, 
 and alfo to have carried on the glory of the BritiHi name, and 
 terror of it's arms, to an height known to but very few of her 
 greatpfl: predeceffors ? Infomuch that all the European Princes 
 were aftuniHied at her wife adminiftration ; which gained her 
 the titles of the North Star ; the GoMjs of the Sea ; the true 
 Thetis &c. But I AiaU not enter into any particular account 
 of her government ; that has been very happily performed 
 already. My province is only to record her as a learned Prin- 
 cefs ; her claim to which title I fliall endeavour to make out 
 
 E e 2 froiu 
 
^12 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 from various authors ; and to give a few fpecimens of her 
 learning and great abilities, which have been leaft taken notice 
 -of by others. 
 
 The King her father "being a learned and wife Prince, foon 
 perceived in her a peculiar greatneis of mind, tenacious 
 memory, and incomparpible naui'-J parts., crowned with an 
 excellent difpofition towards piety and virtue, and caufed her 
 to be carefully inftrud:ed in all kinds of learning which were 
 fuitable to the gi eatnefs of her birth or fex. 
 
 The early part of her education was committed to the care 
 of Lady Champernon or Champernoun as Mr. Strype calls 
 her ^, a lady of great accompUHiments, who much improved 
 ■her innate goodnefs, fine wit, and native modefty, by her 
 wife counfel and good inftrudlion. 
 
 Her firft tutor for the Latin and Greek tongues, feems to 
 
 have been Mr. William Grindal, a gentleman excellently well 
 
 qualified for that employment. Under his tuition flie foon 
 
 made a confiderable progrefs not only in the abovementioned 
 
 languages, but alfo in the French and Italian, by the affiftance 
 
 • as it feems of other matters ; infomuch, that at eleven years of 
 
 age {he tranflated out of French verfe into English profe, The 
 
 Mirrour or glafs of the finfiil Soul. She dedicated this tran- 
 
 flation to Queen Katherine Parr, by an epiftle dated from 
 
 Afherige, December 3 i , 1 544. I don't know whether this 
 
 performance was ever printed : but the ingenious epiftle dedi- 
 
 -catory, and the preface to the book, may be feen in the Sylloge 
 
 '^pijlotarum &c. printed by Mr. Hearne in his edition of Tl 
 
 ■Ijivii Foro-yiilienjis, pages 161, 162, 163. 
 
 And when flie was but twelve years old, Ihe tranflated frora 
 Hhe Englifli tongue into Latin, Prench and Italian, Prayers 
 
 ■^ ^)u.% Life of Archbipap Grindal, -^-.y See alfo Afghani's ^///?/«, p- 94^ 
 
Q^UEEN ELIZABETH. 213 
 
 -pr Meditations, by which the Soul may be encouraged to bear 
 ••with patience all the miferies of this life, to defpife the vain 
 ^hajfinefs of this 'world, and ajjiduoufly provide for eternal feli- 
 xity. CoileBed aut of certain pious writers by the nwft noble and 
 religious Catherine ^een of England. Dedicated by the Prin- 
 cefs Elizabeth to King Henry the 8th and begins *' Quemad- 
 ■" modumimmortahs animus." Dated at H;itfield 30 Decem- 
 ber, I 545, MS. in the royal library at Weftminfter. About 
 this time llie alfo tranflattd into the Englifli tongue, from the 
 French original. The Meditations of Margaret ^een of Na- 
 ■^arre, concerning the love of her Soul towards Chrifl. Book I. 
 ■Publifli'd by £ale, An. 1548. And afterwards by Hen. 
 X)enham, 24° 
 
 .And what farther advances (lie was likely to make in thofe 
 ■languages, in cafe Hie proceeded in the courfe that Mr. Grin- 
 rial took with her, Mr. Afcham fignilied in a letter to Sir John 
 ■Cheke ^ "It can fcarce be credited (faith he) to what de- 
 "' gree of fkill in the Latin and Greek flic might arrive, if 
 •" flie fliall proceed in that courfe of ftudy wherein ilie hath 
 •" begun by the guidance of Grindal." But flie had a great 
 misfortune in lofing foon this her ingenious and learned in- 
 ilrudor ; for he died of the plague, in the year 1548, At 
 ■which time as Mr. Camden obferves \ (before flic was feven- 
 teen years old) (lie very well underftood the Latin, French, 
 and Italian tongues; and the Greek indifferently: and was 
 alfo very well Ikilled in mufick, and both fung and play'd art- 
 iully and fweetly. 
 
 Who inffrudcd her in French, or who was her preceptor 
 for the Spaniili tongue, in which flie was well fkill'd, I know 
 :not. But the indefatigable compilers of the general didionary 
 
 « Vid. his EfiJIla, p. 79. ^een Elizabeth, 
 
 "^ In tlie IntrotiuSiQn to kit A/iaa/j of 
 
 obferve 
 
214 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 obftrve from Peter Bizari, that Signior Caftiglioni was her 
 tutor for the Italian tongue, Bizari fpeaking of Queen Ehza- 
 beth, fays ^ " She is a perfedt miftrefs of our polite and 
 " elegant language, in the learning of which Signior Giovanni 
 " Battifta Caftiglioni (now gentleman of her privy Chamber) 
 " was her principal mafter. This gentleman is fo well vers'd 
 " in every thing that forms the gentleman and the man of 
 " honour, that upon this account, and for his great merit in 
 " other refpedls, he is highly efteem'd by fo great a Queen." 
 
 Having loft King Henry her father, and her valuable tutor 
 at the fame time, fhe was exceedingly fortunate and happy in 
 thofe who fucceeded ; for King Edward her brother loved her 
 extremely ; ufually called her his Lady Temper % and counte- 
 nanced and encouraged her in her fludies more than could be 
 cxpefted from fo young a Prince. And flie was now no longer 
 apprehenfive of her father's furious jealoufy in regard to her 
 principles in religion ; and could without the leaft reftraint 
 read fuch books of divinity as flie and her tutors thought 
 proper. 
 
 In order to fupply her felf with another preceptor, flie fent 
 to the celebrated Mr. Roger Afcham, who at her preffing im- 
 portunity left Cambridge, came up to her at Chefthunt, and 
 well fupplied the place of her former tutor. She now purfued 
 her fludies with great ardor, and read with peculiar attention 
 many of the beft Greek and Latin hiftorians, philofophers and 
 orators. Her great diligence and ingenuity pleafed her new 
 and learned tutor fo much, that he fpeaks of it with the higheft 
 fatisfadion in a letter to his friend Sturmius, dated from Green- 
 
 e In his HiJIory of the Wars of Hungary many years in England at that time, and 
 i^c. in Italian, p. 206. printed at Lions was even a Fellow of St. John's College 
 byRovillio, 1568, in oil. Bizari lived in Cambridge. 
 
 wich. 
 
Q.UEEN ELIZABETH. 215 
 
 -\F.'ich, September 14, 15 — \ in which he tells him " That he 
 enjoy'd at court as agreeable a freedom and retirement for 
 his ftiidies, as he has ever done in the univerlity ; and that 
 he was then reading over with the Princcls Elizabeth the 
 Orations of iEfchines and Demofthenes de CorcNa in Greek, 
 and that fhe underftood at flrfi: fight not only the force and 
 propriety of tlie language, and the meaning of the orator, 
 but the whole fcheme of the caufe, and the laws, culloms, 
 and manners of the Athenians." And Mr. Strype in his 
 life of Bilhop Aylmer ' tells us, that among other difcourfe 
 which that Bifliop, who was then tutor to the Ladv Jane 
 Gray had with Mr. Afcham, the latter aflured him, that he 
 learned more of the Lady Elizabeth than (lie did of him, 
 " I teach her words, faid he, and flie teaches me things. I 
 •■' teach her the tongues to fpeak, and her modcrt and 
 " maidenly looks teach me to do ; for I think flie is the beft 
 " difpoled in all Europe." 
 
 Being thus prepared by fkill in very many languages, philo- 
 fophy, &;c. She was by the learned Dr. Grindal Profeffor of 
 Divinity initiated in the ftudy of Theology, which Hie pur- 
 fued with uncommon application and induftry. She read over 
 Melandlhon's common Places, and (as Mr. Bohun obferves ",) 
 gain'd very much by an exad; and accurate pcrufal of the 
 lacred writings. There were innumerable fentences in the 
 New Teflament, and the oracles of the prophets, which flie 
 had treafured up in her memory, and which flie would upon 
 occafion mention : and flie attended the offices of religion and 
 piety with great devotion and care. She often addrefl^ed her 
 devouteft prayers to God, and implored his aflifl:ance, for the 
 
 * Epiji. 2. lib. I. " Cbaraller of ^cen Elizaheth, p. 1 1 . 
 
 i J). 298. 
 
 obtaining 
 
2i6 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 obtaining of a chafi: heart, a pure and unfpotted life, and a 
 fteady and conftant foul. Thus did her ftudies run in a calm 
 and regular courfe all the happy, but, fhort reign of her ex- 
 cellent brother j and thus did flie by her fincere piety and de- 
 votion, obtain fuch a fliare af truly chriftian fortitude, pati- 
 ence and refignation as firmly fupported her under the long,, 
 great and many affliftions and calamities which befel her in the 
 cruel reign of the fucceeding Princefs. 
 
 Upon the death of King Edward which happened July the 
 6th 1553, Queen Mary uiceeeded to the Throne j and having 
 received very confiderable favours and teftinionies of Lady 
 Elizabeth's elteem, fhe return'd her fome (light outward forms 
 of civility ;■ but the hatred and malice flie bore her, (either 
 on account of her mother, or her religion, or both,) could 
 not be long concealed : Articles were devifed and drawn up- 
 againft her ; and her perfon upon fufpicion and" furmifes only, 
 was feized and hurried from place to place. She was impri- 
 foned, and moft inhumanly treated, being oftentimes in ex- 
 treme danger and hazard of her life ' ; but was wonderfully 
 preferved by divine providence. At laft by the interpofition of 
 King Philip, (whether out of compafhon or policy I know 
 not, tho' the latter is believed to be the true caufe by fome 
 judicious authors) (he was releafed from her imprifonment, and 
 in a good meafure freed from the perfecution of her enemies,. 
 
 ' Michael de Caftelnau tells us, (Me- " tirely devoted to that interefl. She 
 
 moirs p. 59.) that Queen Elizabeth had " likewife aflured me (fays he) that her 
 
 often told him " that (he was by the " hopes of living were once io fmall^ 
 
 " Queen's order, imprifoned, and in great " that (he made a Requeft of her fifter, 
 
 " danger of her life; and that her fifter " in cafe fhe was to be beheaded, it might 
 
 " was fo inraged, that fhe procured infer- " be done after our way, and to have an 
 
 •* mation againft her, and accufed her of " executioner brought fxom France for 
 
 " holding a private correfpondence with " that Purpofe." 
 
 '^ Henry II. of France, and of being in- 
 
 the 
 
QJJEEN ELIZABETH. 217 
 
 the remaining part of her fifters life. But as thofc things have 
 been treated of at large by our civil and ecclefiallic hiftorians, 
 I forbear mentioning particulars, and fliall only obferve, as aii 
 inftancc of her gratitude to King Philip, that rtie had his 
 pidlure placed by her bedfide, and ufed always to lliew it to 
 thofe who had admittance there, in acknowledgment of him 
 as the preferver of her life in the reign of her filter. And flie 
 kept it there to the end of her days, notwithftanding his per- 
 fidioufnefs and inhumanity to her afterwards. And that in her 
 time of perfccution, when a popifli prieft prefled her very 
 hardly to declare her opinion concerning the bodily prefence of 
 Chrift in the facrament, flic truly, but cautioufly, gave him 
 Jier judgment in thefe verfes "". 
 
 'Twas God the word that fpake it. 
 He took the bread and brake it. 
 And what the word did make it. 
 That I believe and take it. 
 
 Queen Mary having reigned five years, four months and 
 fome few days j much of which time had been fpent in mur- 
 dering, burning and torturing the fervants of God, and her 
 own good fubjefts ; it pleafed the divine wifdom in his due 
 time, to hear the crys and complaints of the opprefled, the 
 £uherlefs and widows, for fuch had many been made, by the 
 mercilefs cruelty of this Queen and her clergy ; and to refcue 
 very many others from the jaws of death, who were deflin'd 
 to the lame fiery tryal, which their proteftant brethren liad 
 fuffered, by the opportune death of this Queen, Nov. 1 7, 1 558. 
 
 '" Vid. Sir John Harington's notes on Dr. T. Fuller's Holy State in vit. Eliza- 
 his Eiiolijh tranjlation of Ariofto. And beth. 
 
 F f Upon 
 
2i8 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Upon which the Princefs Elizabeth happily afcended the 
 throne, which flie adorned more than any of her royal prede- 
 ceffors Unce the days of Alfred the great. It was therefore 
 very juftly and truly obferved by Monfieur Bayle, that it would 
 not be doing her fufficient juftice to fay only, that not any 
 woman reigned with more glory than flie did : It muft be 
 added, that there have been but few great Kings, whofe reigns 
 can be compared with hers ; it being the moft beautiful period 
 in EnglifH hiftory. 
 
 After a long interruption of her beloved ftudies, when Hie 
 had by her great wifdom fettled the preplexed affairs of her 
 kingdom ; I find " in the year 1563, fhe was then renewing 
 them with great intenfnefs, under the care and infpeftion of 
 her fchool-mafter Mr. Afcham, who was fo tranfported, with 
 his royal miftrefles diligence and progrefs in literature, that he 
 tells the young gentlemen of England " it was their fliame, 
 ♦' that one maid, fhould go beyond them all in excellency of 
 *' learning and knowledge of divers tongues. Point forth (as 
 " he made the challenge) fix of the befi; given gentlemen of 
 *'' this court and all they put together fliew not fo much good 
 " will, fpend not fo much time, beftow not fo many hours 
 *' daily, orderly and confi;antly, for the increafe of learning 
 " and knowledge, as doth the Queens Majefiiy her felf. Yea, 
 *' he believed, that befides her perfeft readinefs in Latin, 
 *' Italian, French, and Spanifh, flie read there at Windfor, 
 " more Greek every day, than fome Prebendaries of that 
 " church did read Latin in a v/hole week. And that which 
 " was moil praife-worthy of all, within her walls of her 
 " privy chamber fhe had obtained that fingularity of learning, 
 ** to underftand, fpeak and write both wittily with head, and 
 
 " Moham's Sc/piolmafier, p. 21. 
 
 " fair 
 
QJTEEN ELIZABETH. 219 
 
 " fair with hand, as fcarce one or two rare wits in both the 
 " univerfities had in many years reached unto." 
 
 I could (were it neceflary) give many remarkable teftimo- 
 nies of this fort ; as that of Bilhop Jewel in his Rejoinder^ 
 Dr. Haddon's in his reply to Oforius, of Michael de 
 Caftelnau's, " and the famous Scaliger's, who tells us, that Ihe 
 fpoke five languages, and knew more then all the great men 
 then living : but perhaps enough has been fud of her Ikill in 
 languages, it may be proper now to give fome account of her 
 reading and knowledge of books ; and of her writings, 
 
 Befides the great pains flie took in the perufal of authors 
 herfelf, fhe had many learned readers of them to her ; among 
 which, none were more efteem'd by her than Sir Henry Savil, 
 and Sir John Fortefcue. She caufed the latter (who was a 
 great mailer in the Greek and Latin tongues) to read to her 
 Thucidides, Xenophon and Polybius : and after them Euripides, 
 ^fchines and Sophocles. And in return for this good fervice, 
 file afterward made him mafler of her wardrobe, and chan- 
 cellor, and under treafurer of the exchequer j and would often 
 commend him for his integrity. 
 
 She her felf read over Cicero, Pliny, Livy and others, with 
 fo much care, that ihe became (as Mr. Bohun obierves) the 
 miftreis of an even, beautiful, pure, unmixed, and truly 
 Princely flyle, in which ilie could Ipeak with elegance and faci- 
 lity. As ihe became thus eloquent, and well furnilhed with 
 knowledge by the means of this language ; ib upon all occa- 
 fions file was ready to exprefs her love and elleem for the Latin 
 tongue. In this language flie did not make it her bulineis, 
 whilll: ilie was reading the bclT: Latin authors, to furniih her 
 memory only with grammatical oblervations or a plenty of 
 
 ' Vid. his Memoirs, p. 104. 
 
 F f 2 elegant 
 
220 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 elegant phrafes, which might help to adorn her ftile or exalt 
 her reputation for learning : but flie treafured up thofe pre- 
 cepts very carefully, which were ufeful for the government of 
 her life, or for the managing her private affairs, or thofe of 
 the Hate well and wifely. To this end flie particularly read 
 Livy's Hiftory, Tacitus's Annals, the Afts of Tiberius the 
 Emperor, and all Seneca's Works. She likewife made many 
 obfervations for the regulation of manners, the equal admini- 
 flration of juftice, and the allaying human pafHons, that no- 
 thing might be done by her angrily, proudly, injurioully, and 
 beyond the rules of civility. There was not one remarkable 
 ftory or expreflion in all the works of Thucidides and Xeno- 
 phon, pertaining to the government of life or manners, or to 
 the ordering publick afliiirs, but flie had it by heart. She was 
 as great an admirer of philofophy, as of eloquence and hiftory ; 
 by which {he attained the knowledge of many excellent things ; 
 and that civil prudence or policy which is fo abfolutely necef- 
 fary for all Princes. And befides all that civil prudence and 
 the knowledge of governing, by which the publick utility is 
 acquired and improved ; {lie drew from the ancient and mo{l 
 noble philofophers, all thofe precepts which they have fet 
 down for the gaining moral prudence and virtue. Her greate{l 
 care was fpent in the cultivating thefe two beautiful parts of 
 philofophy. I will omit the common philolbphers of whofe 
 learning and dodfrine (he was a great lover. The divine Plato 
 that illuftrious light of Greece was made more noble by the 
 hands of this heroic Princefs. And Ariftotle the prince of the 
 philofophers, was read by her. Alfo Xenophon's Cyrus ; a 
 •piece not writ with the truth of an hiflorian ; but to reprefent 
 the lively im.age of a jufl and moderate Prince, accomplifli'd 
 with all thofe endowments which the great Socrates had fet 
 forth, for the living well and happy. She had this author in 
 
 fo 
 
QJJEEN ELIZABETH. 221 
 
 fo great efleem, that flie tranflated one of his dialogues into 
 Englifli. In Num. 2. of the MifccUa?ieous Correfpondcncy : 
 Containing Effciys, Dijj'ertations &c. 071 various SubjcBs, fcnt 
 to the Author of the Gentlcnum's Magazi7ie, 0(fl. Load. 1743, 
 is printed an Englifli tranllation of Queen Elizabeth's of A 
 Dialogue out of Xenophon, in Greek betwee?! Hiero a King, yet 
 fome tyme a frivat perfon, and Simonides a Poet, as touching 
 the Liffe of the Prince and privat man. Of which the pub- 
 lifhers give this account. The following piece, which is a 
 tranflation made by Queen Elizabeth, and in her own hand 
 writing, having been communicated to us as a great curiofity, 
 we lliewed it to fome virtuofi acquainted with MS. who make 
 no doubt of its being genuine, and much admire the beauty 
 and flrength of ftile confidering the time it was written in : 
 Wherefore we not only rcfolved to print the whole treatife, 
 but to give the publick an engraved fpecimen of her hand 
 writing by a lineal tranfcript of the lafl: page. The MS. con- 
 fifts of 80 pages in 4to in the firft of which the title runs 
 thus. A fhort treatife or dialogue abowt the difference between 
 the Liffe of the Prynce and privat Perfon don out of Xenophon 
 in Greek into Engli/Jj. It begins " Simonidcs the poet reforted 
 " on a tyme to King Hiero, and being both at leilurc, Si- 
 
 " monides difpofed to find fome talk" and ends " Think 
 
 *' your country your home, the inhabitants your neighbours, 
 " all friends your children, and your children your own foul, 
 " endeavouring to furpafs all thcfe in liberality and good na- 
 *' ture, for conquer once your friends by well doing, and care 
 *' not what enemies can woork againft you, this if you do, 
 " you flial be happie, and twife happie to your felf, and plauf- 
 " ible to the world." 
 
 She alfo tranllated out of Greek into Latin Two Orations of 
 Ifocrate«. 
 
 Being; 
 
222 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Being now furniflied with a large ftock "of learning and 
 knowledge, her Majefty went to Cambridge (Aug. 5, 1564.) 
 to entertain her felf no doubt, as well as to do honour to the 
 Univerfity, and encourage learning, where fhe continued five 
 whole days in the lodgings of the Provoft of Kings College. 
 She was entertained with comedies, tragedies, orations, 
 difputations, and other academical exercifes : fhe feverally 
 vifited every houfe. And at her departure fhe took leave of 
 Cambridge with a Latin oration, which the curious may fee 
 in the fecond vol. of Holinfhed's Chrofticle, p. 1206. Or in 
 Fuller's Htftory of Cambridge, p. 138. 
 
 Aug. 31, 1566, fhe went to Oxford ^ Towards evening 
 as her Majefly approach'd, flie was met at Wolvercote, where 
 the jurifdidlion of the Univerfity ends, by the Chancellor the 
 Earl of Leicefler, by four Dodlors, Dr. Kennal the Vice- 
 Chancellor, Dr. Lawrence Humphrey, Dr. Thomas Godwyn, 
 and Dr. Thomas White in their fcarlet robes and hoods ; and 
 by eight mafVers of arts who were heads of Colleges or Halls. 
 The Chancellor then delivered the flaffs of the three fuperior 
 Beadles into her Majefly's hands, and having received 'em 
 again from her, and reflored them again to their refpedlive 
 officers, Mr. Roger Marbeck, the late orator of the Univerfity, 
 and canon of Chrifl Church, made an elegant fpeech to her 
 Majefty upon the occafion. She then held out her hand to the 
 orator and doftors, and as Dr. Humphrey drew near to kifs it, 
 *' Mr. Dodlor (fays the Queen fmiling) that loofe gown be- 
 " comes you mighty well, I wonder your notions fhould be 
 " fo narrow." This Humphrey it feems was at the head of 
 the puritan party, and had oppofed the ecclefiaftical habits 
 with great warmth of zeal. 
 
 P Vid. Mr. Wood's Hiji, isf Aitiq. Dr. Jebb's Life of the Earl of Leicefei; 
 Vm<v. lib. I. pages, 286, 287. Alfo pages, 40, 41, &c. 
 
 As 
 
QJJEEN ELIZABETH. 223 
 
 As Hie entered the town, the ftreets were lined with Scholars 
 from Bocardo to Carflix, who as her Majefty pafled along, fell 
 down upon their knees, and with one voice cry'd out, long 
 live the Queen ! At Carfax the Greek Profeffor Mr. Lawrence, 
 addreiled her Majefty in a Greek Oration, and the Queen 
 anfwered him in the fame language and commended his per- 
 formance. From hence (lie was convey'd with the like pomp 
 to Ciirifl: Church, where llie was received by Mr. Kingfmill 
 the publick Orator, who in the name of the Univcrfity con- 
 gratulated her Majeftys arrival among them. 
 
 For feven days together the Queen was magnificently enter- 
 tained by the Univcrfity, and expreiled an extreme delight in 
 the ledlures, difputations, publick exercifes and fliews which 
 ftie conftantly heard and faw. On the fixth day flie declared 
 her fatisfad:ion in a Latin Oration, which may be feen in 
 Wood's Hi /hri a & AntiquittitcsUnivcrfitiUisOxonienfis, Lib. L 
 p. 289. And in the appendix to Dr, Jebb's Lije of Mary 
 ^een of Scots, N° 4. 
 
 On the morrow after flie took her leave, and was condudled 
 by the heads of houfes as far as Shotover Hill, when the Earl 
 of Leicefter gave her notice, that they had accompanied her to 
 the limits of their jurifdidtion. Mr. Roger Marbeck then 
 made an oration to her Majefty, and having laid open the 
 difficulties under which learning had formerly laboured, he 
 applied himfcif to the encouragement it had lately received, 
 and the profpedl of its arifing to the height of fplendor under 
 her Majefty's moft gracious adminiftration. The Queen heard 
 him with pleafure, and return'd him a moft favourable anfwer; 
 and carting her eyes back upon Oxford, with all poffiblc 
 marks of tendernefs and affedlion, flie bade them farewell. 
 
 As her Majefty had now vifited both her Univerfities, and 
 had i^Qn and heard tiicir learned academical exercifes, it is 
 
 very 
 
224 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 very natural to Imagine it mufl: have had a great influence on 
 her mind ; flie being now in the very flower of her age, and 
 having fuch a ftrong propenfity and affedlion to good litera- 
 ture in general, 'tis very probable flie now exerted all her 
 faculties, and made a larger ufe of her fine talents than at a- 
 ny other time of her life ; and no doubt compofed fome of 
 the many things hinted at by Sir Henry Savil and Mr. Cam- 
 den. The latter fays (he. was always reading or writing fome- 
 thing. And the former in the dedication of his EngliHi ver- 
 fion of Cornelius Tacitus, addrefs'd to her Majefty, thus ex- 
 poftulates with her. " But the principle caufe was to incite 
 *' your Majefty by this as by a foil to communicate to the 
 *' world, if not thefe admirable compofitions of your own, 
 " yet at the leaft thofe moil: rare and excellent tranllations of 
 " hiftories (if I may call them tranflations which have fo in- 
 " finitely exceeded the originals) making evident demonftra- 
 " tion to all who have feen them, that as the great adions of 
 " Princes are the fubjedl of flories, fo ftories compofed or 
 " amended by Princes, are not only the beft pattern and rule 
 " of great aftions, but alfo the mofl natural regifters thereof^ 
 " the writers being perfons of like degree, and of propor- 
 " tionable conceits with the doers." 
 
 It is not improbable that about this time fhe wrote her 
 Comme?2t upon Plato. 
 
 Moreri aflures us that flie was well fkill'd in mathematicks ; 
 but what authority there may be for fuch an afi^ertion I know 
 not; however, this is certain, that fhe was not wanting in her 
 affedlion to the ftudies of aftronomy and mathematicks, as is 
 fufficiently demonftrated by her fo generoufly countenancing 
 and encouraging that great aftronomer and mathematician Dr. 
 John Dee, whom fhe frequently converfed with, and con- 
 fulted ; and went to vifit him twice at leaft at Mortlake in 
 
 Surrey ^ 
 
QJLJEEN ELIZABETH. 225 
 
 Surrey ; and was fo much pleafed with his great learn'ing and 
 extraordinary difcoveries, as to become his patronefs and 
 fcholar, as the Dr. himfelf has informed us '. " Anno 1 564, 
 after my return from the Emperors Court (fays he) her Ma- 
 jefly very gracioufly vouchfafed to account herfelf my fcholar 
 in my book, written to the Emperor Maximilian, intitled 
 Monas Hicrcghphica ; and faid, whereas I had prefixed in 
 the forefront of that book : Slui non intelUgit, ant taccat, 
 ant difcat : if I would difclofe unto her the fecrets of that 
 book, flie would difcerc & fa cere ; wherefore her Majefty 
 did vouchfafe to read that book obiter^ with me at Green- 
 wich ; and then in moft heroical and princely wife did com- 
 fort me and encourage me in my ftudies, philofophical and 
 mathematical, &c." He likewife tells us ', tliat " Her 
 Majefty took pleafure to licar his opinion of the Comet ap- 
 pearing, An. 1577: whereas the judgment of fome had 
 unduely bred great fear and doubt in many of the Court ; 
 being men of no fmall account. This was at Windfor, 
 where her Majefty moft gracioufly did ufe me for three 
 days ; and amongft other points, her moft excellent Majefty 
 promifed me great fecurity againft any of her Kingdom, 
 that would by reafon of my rare ftudies and philofophical 
 
 exercifes, unduely feek my overthrow ." I might add 
 
 feveral inftances of her Majefty 's generofity to this great man ; 
 but I muft proceed, and obferve, that it was not to him alone ; 
 for by her countenance and proted:ion our two famous Univer- 
 fities produced within a few years more illuftrious examples of 
 learning and real worth, than had ever been feen before in the 
 fame compafs of time in any age whatfoevcr. I have before 
 taken notice of her Majefty's flcill in mufick, and I will here 
 
 ^ Vid. the Appendix to John of Glaf- 
 tonburyi Chronicle, pa^es, 507, 519. 
 
 Gg 
 
 p. 521. 
 
 add. 
 
226 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 add, that a learned and ingenious writer ' attributes tlie im- 
 provement of that and the other fciences to this learned Prin- 
 cefs. " Her reign (fays he) brought forth a noble birth, as 
 " of all learned men, fo of church mufick. This was very 
 " probably owing to the encouragement given by that Princels 
 ** to this art in common with others, as well by her example 
 " as favour ; for flie was not only a lover of mufick, but like-- 
 " wife {killed in it herfelf. And therefore Richard Mul- 
 '* cafter, then mafter of Merchant Taylors School, paid her 
 " an handfome compliment on that account in the following 
 " verfes." 
 
 Regia majeftas, aetatis gloria noftrae-, 
 Hanc in deliciis femper habere folet ; 
 
 Nee contenta graves aliorum audire labores-, 
 Ipfa etiam egregie voce manuque canit '. 
 
 Our gracious Queen, bright glory of our age. 
 The pow'r of notes harmonious can engage ; 
 Much joy (he thence receives, but more conveys,. 
 While both her voice and hand the concert raife. 
 
 And of her (kill in poetry, we have a very grand teflimony 
 given by the learned author of a book " intitled The Art of 
 EnglJJh Poefy, London, 1589. 4to. Where (p. 51.) fpeaking 
 of Englifh Poets in general, he thus concludes. " But laft 
 " in recital and firft in degree is the Queen our fovereign Lady, 
 " whofe learned, delicate, noble mufe, eafily furmounteth all 
 
 ' Mr. Profeflbr Ward in Yiis, Life of Dr. fex partium : y^«/or/^?« Thoma Tallifs Of 
 
 Bull, pages, 201, 202. Gulielmo Birdo Anglis, Sec. Lond. 1575, 
 
 • Thefe verfes are in a poem, prefixed 410 oblongo. 
 
 to a book intitled Dfcantus cantknes, quae " Said to be wrote by Sir Philip Sidnc)'. 
 
 ab argumento facrat njocanlur, ^uinque ^ 
 
 " the. 
 
QJJEEN ELIZABETH. 227 
 
 *< the reft that have written before her time or fince for feiife, 
 " fweetnefs or fubtilty, be it in ode, elegy, epigram, or any 
 ** other kind of poem heroic or lyric, wherein it fliall pleafe 
 " her Majefty to employ her pen, even by as much odds as 
 " her own excellent eflate and degree exceedeth all the reft of 
 " her moft humble vaflals." Mr. A. a Wood, and Mr. Hey- 
 wood tell us, that much of her Englifti Poetry may be met 
 with in this fcarce book ; but upon examination I could find 
 but one fpecimen (in p. 208), which contains 16 verfes. As 
 flie has been much applauded for her genius in Englifti 
 Poetry, fo we may prefume ftie was not lefs happy in her 
 Latin Compofitions ; as may be conjectured by her extempore 
 anfwer to the Spanifti EmbalTador, fent hither juft before their 
 intended invafion in 1588, who after a larger reprefentation 
 of his Majefty's demands, had fummed the effed thereof in 
 this Tetraftich. 
 
 Te veto ne pergas bello defendcre Belgas : 
 Qu2e Dracus eripuit nunc reftituantur oportet : 
 Quas Pater evertit jubeo te condere cellas : 
 Rclligio Papas fac reftituatur ad unguem. 
 
 To which her Majefty inftantly reply'd. 
 
 Ad Grsecas, bone Rex, fient mandata calendas \ 
 
 I cannot forbear obferving in this place that an eminent 
 writer ^ tells us that ftie was not a warlike Princcfs ; and yet 
 at the fame time fays, that flie knew fo well how to train up 
 
 » Vid. Dr. Fuller's Wo/y Staff, p. 316. J'Jirg/et. torn. :. p. +59., of the Px-i» 
 y I'". d'Orleans, \n Hijftire a'ei Rtvolut. Edit. 1693. 
 
 G g 2 warriors, 
 
228 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 warriors, that England had not for a long time feen a greater 
 number of them, nor more experienced. As I am very un- 
 willing this great Princefs fhould be robbed of any part of her 
 glory ; I will here give an inftance of her courage, valour and 
 magnanimity of foul, which perhaps cannot be furpafled by 
 any of the famous Heroines of former ages ; and which like- 
 wife may not be looked upon as foreign to my purpofe, fince 
 it will at the fame time give a fpecimen of her Englifli 
 Oratory. 
 
 When the Spanilh Armado was upon the feas, and in daily 
 expedlation of landing, no one could appear more brave than 
 this Princefs : She went to her camp at Tilbury, and rode 
 through all the fquadrons of her army, attended by the Earls 
 of Leicefter and Eflex, and Norris Lord Marflial, on foot, and 
 having viewed 'em all, fhe addreffed them with the following 
 Oration, 
 
 " My loving people, 
 
 <* We have been perfwaded by fome that are careful of our 
 " fafety, t© take heed how we commit our felves to armed 
 " multitudes, for fear of treachery; but I affure you I do 
 " not defire to live to diftruft my faithful and loving people. 
 " Let tyrants fear, 1 have always fo behaved my felf that, 
 " under God, I have placed my chiefeft ftrength and fafe- 
 " guard in the loyal hearts and good- will of my fubjedts ; and 
 " therefore I am come amongft you, as you fee, at this time, 
 ♦' not for my recreation and difport, but being refolved, in 
 •' the midft and heat of the battle, to live or die amongft you 
 *' all ; to lay down for my God, and for my Kingdom, and 
 " my People, my honour and my bloud, even in the duft. 
 ♦* I know I have the body but of a weak and feeble woman ; 
 
 " but 
 
QJJ EEN ELIZABETH. 229 
 
 " but I have the heart and flomach of a King, and of a 
 " King of England too, and think foul fcorn that Parma or 
 " Spain, or any Prince of Europe, fliould dare to invade the 
 " borders of my realm ; to which rather than any diflionour 
 *' fliall grow by me, I my felf will take up arms, I my lelf 
 " will be your general, judge, and rewarder of every one of 
 " your virtues in the field. I know already, for your for- 
 " wardnefs you have deferved rewards and crowns ; and We 
 " do aflure you in the word of a Prince, they fliall be duely 
 " paid you. In the mean time, my Lieutenant General Ihall 
 " be in my ftead, than whom never Prince commanded a 
 " more noble or worthy fubjedl ; not doubting but by your 
 " obedience to my General, by your concord in the camp, and 
 " your valour in field, we fliall fliortly have a fiimous vitlory 
 " over thofe enemies of my God, of my Kingdom, and of 
 ." my People." 
 
 I might give many more inf^ances of her intrepid refolution 
 and courage; but I fliall only chufe to oppofe F. d'Orleance 
 with one more, and that perhaps in his own opinion an in- 
 fallible teflimony ; viz. That of Pope Sixtus the fifth, who 
 upon all occafions was ufed to fay, that fhe was a woman of a 
 ftrong head. And he placed her among the three perfons, 
 who alone in his opinion deferved to reign ; the other two 
 were himfelf, and King Henry the fourth of France. " Your 
 " Queen faid he once to an Englifliman, is born fortunate ; 
 " {he governs her Kingdom with great happinefs. j flie wants 
 *' only to be married to me to give the World a fecond Alex- 
 •' ander." 
 
 What time fhe could fpare from the neceflary and important 
 affairs of government, was flill fpent at fludy ; for notwith- 
 flanding old age was now creeping on apace ; yet flie feems to 
 have had the fame regard and afFedion for learning, as when 
 
 fhe 
 
2^0 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 ■J 
 
 {he was in the very flower of her youth ; for in the year 1592,' 
 (her Majefty being then almoft fixty years old) (he paid a 
 fecond vifit to that moft delightful feat of the Mufes, the Uni- 
 verfity of Oxford. On Friday the 2 2d of September, about 
 3 o'clock in the afternoon, her Majefty, being entered within 
 the liberties of the Univerfity, was met by the Vice-Chancellor, 
 heads of houfes, Dodlors, Proftors and Beadles, all in their 
 proper habits ; and Mr. Thomas Savil the Senior Prodlor 
 having made a fliort oration, (he palTed on, and within half a 
 mile of the City fhe was received by the Mayor and his bre- 
 thren, with a fhort fpeech delivered by their Recorder. As 
 fhe paffed by St. John's, flie was there prefented with a private 
 fpeech, in behalf of that College. From thence flie proceeded 
 till flie came to Carfax, where ihe. ftop'd to hear a Greek ora- 
 tion, made by Mr. Henry Cuffe, then Greek reader. Then 
 fhe went to Chrift Church (all the ftreets through which flie 
 paflTed being lined with fcholars) and going in at the end of the 
 Minfter, before flae went up to the lodgings provided for her 
 there, flie was received with an oration by Mr. Smith. On 
 Saturday her Majefty went to St. Mary's Church between two 
 and three of the clock, being attended by her Nobility 6cc. 
 in a very magnificent manner. Her Ma^'efty being there placed 
 under her cloth of ftate, upon a very elegant ftage, ered:ed for 
 her in the eaft end of the Church, near the Quire, there was 
 a philofophical adl prepared for her entertainment, which was 
 begun upon the fignification of her Majefty's pleafure therein, 
 by this only word, Licipiatis, being fpoken by herfelf To- 
 wards the conclufion of the aft, the laft Refpondent (Mr. John 
 Buckridge) being cutoif by the Proctors; the Queen feemirg 
 much pleafed with his arguments, ordered him to proceed with 
 thefe her gri^cious words, lino probet, fi potef^ &c. 
 
 Her 
 
QJJEEN ELIZABETH. 231 
 
 Her Majefly having been entertained with orations, a(fls, 
 ctifputations, (and a very fplended entertainment made by the 
 Lord Buckhurft then Chancellor of the Univcrfity) for fix 
 days together, on the feventh, being Tiiurfday about ten 
 o'clock in the forenoon her Majefty made the following ora- 
 tion to tlie Vice-Chancellor, Dodlors, &c. 
 
 Merita et Gratitudo fie meam rationem captivam duxerunt, 
 ut facere cogant qucc ratio ipfa negat : Cura? enim regnorum 
 tarn magnum pondus habent, ut potius ingenium obtundere, 
 quam memoriam acuere foleant. Addatur etiam hujus I/ingUcC 
 defuetudo, quae talis & tarn diuturna fuit, ut in triginta fex 
 annis, credo, vix trigcfies me ufam fuifle meminerim. Sed 
 fradla nunc eft glacies ; aut inhccrere, aut evadere oportet. 
 Merita veftra, non funt laudes eximijE et infignes, fed imme- 
 rita mea ; non docftrinarum in multis generibus excrcitia, quce 
 declaraffe vos cum laude fentio ; non Orationes multis & variis 
 modis erudite et infigniter expreils : fed aliud quiddam eft 
 multo pretiofius atque praeftantius, amor fcilicet vefter, qualis 
 nee unquam auribus, nee fcripto, nee memoria hominum no- 
 tus fuit : Cujus exemplo parentes carent, nee inter fimiliares 
 cadit ; immo nee inter amantes, in quorum fortem non fem- 
 per fides incidit, experientia ipfa docente ; qualem nee perfua- 
 fiones, nee mina?, nee execrationes delere potuerunt ; immo 
 in quem tempus poteftatem non habet, quod ferrum confumit, 
 quod Scopulos minuit, id ipfum feparare non potuit. Ilta 
 funt ejufmodi, qua; acterna futura putarem, fi et ego a^terna 
 eflem. Ob quas fi mille pro una linguas haberem, gratias de- 
 bitas exprimere non valerem : tantum animus concipere poteft, 
 quae exprimere nequit. In cujus gratitudinem ab initio regni 
 mei, fumma et pra^cipua mea Solicitude, cura, et vigilia fuit j 
 ut Refpublica tarn externis inimicis, quan; internis tumultibas 
 
 immunis 
 
232 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 immunis fervaretur, ut quod diu et multis faeculls floruifTet, 
 fub meis manibus non debilitaretur. 
 
 Poft enim anima? meae tutelam, in hoc Solomeam perpetuam 
 folicitudinem collocavi. Quod fi pro totius falute tarn femper 
 fuerim vigilans, cum et ipla Academia pars ejus non minima 
 putetur : quomodo non et in illam extenditur ifta cautio ? pro 
 qua taiita diligentia ulura iemper fum, ut nullo flimulo opus fit 
 ad earn excitandam, quiE ex leipla prompta eft ad promoven- 
 dam, fervandam, et decorandam, illam. Nunc quod ad con- 
 filium attinet, tale accipite ; quod ft fequamini, haud dubito 
 quinerit in DEI gloriam, veftram Utilitatem, et meum fingu- 
 lare gaudium. 
 
 Ut diuturna fit haec Academia, habeatur imprimis cura ut 
 DEUS colatur ; non more omnium Opinionum, non Secundum 
 ingenia nimis inquieta et exquifita ; led ut Lex divina jubet, 
 et noftra prsecipit : non enim talem Principem habetis, qua; 
 vobis quicquam praecipiat quod contra Confcientiam vere chrif- 
 tianam elVe deberet ; Scitote Me prius morituram quam tale 
 aliquid adturam, aut quicquam jufluram quod in Sacris Literis 
 vetatur. Si cum corporum veftrorum femper curam fufcepi, 
 deferamne Animarum ? VetetDEUS. Animarum ego Curam 
 negligam, pro quarum negledu Anima mea judicabitur ? longe 
 ablit. Moneo ergo ut non praseatis Leges, fed fequamini; 
 nee difputetis num meliora poffint praefcribi, fed obfervetis quae 
 Lex Divina jubet, et noftra cogit. Deinde memineritis, ut 
 unufquifque in gradu fuo fuperiori obediat, non prsfcribendo 
 qua; effe deberent, fed fequendo quod prgefcriptum eft j hoc 
 cogitantes : quod fi Superiores agere csperint quae non decet, 
 alium fuperiorem habebunt a quo regantur, qui illos punire 6c 
 debeat et velit. Poftremo, ut fitis unanimes ; cum intelligatis 
 iinita robuftiora, feparata infirmiora, et cito in ruinam cafura ^. 
 
 » Vid. Wood's HiJ}. Jntiq. Oxoii. Lib. I. p. 306. 
 
 Having 
 
QJJ E E N ELIZABETH. 233 
 
 Having ended her fpeech flic left Oxford at eleven o'clock 
 and was conduced by the heads of houfes, 6cc. as far as Shot- 
 over where a fpeech being made to her Majefly, fhe took her 
 •lafl farewell of the Univerfity \ 
 
 An. 1593, I find her ftill bufily employed at her ftudy, for 
 this year flie tranflated from Latin into Englifli, Boethius de con- 
 folatione Philojophice. 
 
 And in 1598, notwithftanding the rebellion in Ireland 
 which no doubt had a confiderable {hare in her thoughts, (lie 
 tranflated into Englifli Saluft de hello 'Jugurthino : And about 
 this time, the greatefl: part of Horace de Arte Poctica : And 
 alfo Plutarch's Book de Curiofitate : All which faith Mr. Cam- 
 den '' flie wrote with her own hand. 
 
 This year came into England Paulus de Jaline, embafTador 
 from the King of Poland, who delivering his embafly with 
 great infolence ; her Majefty cut him off, in the prefence of 
 a great number of her nobility, and inftantly fpoke the follow- 
 ing extempore Oration. 
 
 Heu quam decepta ful. Exped:avi Nuncium : tu vero 
 querelam mihi adduxifti ; per li'.eras te acccpi efle Legatum, 
 te vero Heraldum invenio. Nunquam in vita talem Orationem 
 audivi. Miror, fane miror, tantam et taminfolitam in publico 
 audaciam ; neque puto fi Rex tuus adeffet, talia verba protu- 
 liffet : Sin aliquid tale tibi in mandatis commifit (quod quidem 
 valde dubito) tribuendum, quod cum Rex fit juvenis, & non 
 tarn jure Sanguinis quam Eledionis, atque etiam noviter elec- 
 tus, non tam bene percipiat quid inter Reges convenit, quam 
 Majores fui nobifcum obfervarunt, 6c alii fortaffe deinceps ob- 
 fervabunt. Qiiod ad te attinet, videris multos libros perle- 
 gifle, libros tamen Principum non attigille, neque intelligere 
 
 » An account of what pafled even- day curious Hijloiical Pieces, Lend. 1 740, 4:0. 
 may be feen in Mr. Peck"s Colledions of ''In his Annals of ^ Elizabeth. 
 
 H h quid 
 
2^4 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 quid inter Reges convenit. Cum vero Jus Naturae, & Genti- 
 um commemoras ; Hoc fcito efTe jus naturte 5c Gentium, ut 
 cum bellum inter Reges intercedat, liceat alteri alterius undi- 
 aue allata Pra^fidia intercipere, et nc in damnum fuum conver- 
 tantur, prjevidere : Hoc fcito efie Jus Naturae, 6c Gentium ; 
 Ubi itidem domum AuftriiE narras (quam jam tanti facis) non 
 te lateat ex eadem Domo non defuilTe qui regnum Polonias regi 
 tuo intercipere voluiffent. De reliquis, quae cum multa funt 
 & fingulatim deliberanda, non funt hujus loci ac temporis, 
 accipies quod a quibufdam Confiliariis huic rei defignatis de- 
 liberandum fuerit. Interim valeas 6c quiefcas. 
 
 And having ended her Oration, fhe Lion-like rifing (faith 
 Speed) daunted the malepert Orator no lefs with her ftately 
 port and Majeftic departure, than with the tartnefs of her 
 Princely checks : And turning to the train of her attendants, 
 faid, " Gods death my Lords, I have been forced this day to 
 " fcoure up my old Latin that hath long lain rufting." 
 
 It would be endlefs to enumerate all her Majefty's epiftles 
 and fpeeches to her Parliaments, which are publifli'd by 
 Grafton, Holingftied and Sir Dudley Diggs ; by Dr. Fuller 
 in his Worthies ; in the Cabala, in the State Papers publifli'd 
 by Dr. Forbes, Mr. Haynes and others : befides many of her 
 letters in MS. in the Bodleian, Afhmolean, Univerfity College 
 and other libraries. But I muft not omit that Bifhop Tanner 
 in his Bihliotheca obferves, that among the books in the libraty 
 at Norwich is a Book of Prayers, pr. Lond. 1561, 24mo bound 
 in filk, the leaves gilt : and is believed formerly to have been 
 Queen Elizabeths own book. In the beginning of which is 
 A prayer to he faid in tyme of extream ficknef. Wrote, as it 
 feems, M^ith the Queens own hand. 
 
 And that there is likewife in the Bodleian Library, among 
 the MS. in Muf Num. 235. the epifties of St. Paul, 6cc. 
 
 printed 
 
QJJEEN ELIZABETH. 235 
 
 printed in an old black letter in lamo, which was Queen 
 Elizabeth's own Book, and her hand-writing appears at the 
 beginning, viz, 
 
 Auguft. 
 
 " I walk many times into the pleadmt fieldes of the Holy 
 Scriptures, where I plucke up the goodliefome herbes of fen- 
 tences by pruning : eate them by reading : chawe them by 
 mufing : and laie them up at length in the hie feate of me- 
 
 r 
 
 morie by gathering them 
 
 together 
 
 that fo having; tailed 
 
 thy fweetenefs I may the lefs perceive the bitternefs of this 
 miferable life. The covering is done in needle-work by 
 the Queen (then Princefs) her felf, and thereon are thefe 
 fentences, viz. on one fide, on borders : CELVM PATRIA . 
 SCOPVS VITAE XPVS. CHRISTVS VIA. CHRIS- 
 TO VIVE . In the middle an Heart, and round about it, 
 ELEVA COR SVRSVM IBI VBI E . C . [i. e. eft 
 Chriftus.] On the other fide about the borders, BEATVS 
 QVI DIVITIAS SCRIPTVRAE LEGENS VERBA 
 VERTIT IN OPERA. In the middle a Star, and 
 round it, VICIT OMxNIA PERTINAX VIRTVS , with 
 E. C." i. e. as Mr. Hearne thinks % ELIZABETHA 
 CAPTIVA, or (provided it refers to VIRTVS) ELIZA- 
 BETHi?^ CAPTIViE, flae being then, when Hie work'd 
 this covering, a prifoner, if I miftake not, at Woodftock. 
 
 Having now done with her literary chara<n:er, I intended to 
 fay fomething of her character in general, but obferving, what 
 a great length I have already gone ; I muft defift, and content 
 
 ' Vid. his notes at the end of Titus Livy's Hi/ion of Hem-j V. p. 229 
 
 H h 2 my 
 
 i 
 
 [ 
 
236 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 my felf with giving a fliort, but elegant and unexceptionable 
 one, as coming from a Roman Catholick, I mean the learned, 
 candid and ingenuous father d' Orleans ; and lliall then con- 
 clude what I have to fay of this truly great Princefs " She 
 was a perfon (fays he) whofe name immediately imprints in 
 our minds fuch a noble idea, that it is impoffible well to 
 exprefs it by any defcription whatfoever. Never did a 
 crown'd head better know the art of government, and com- 
 mitted fewer errors in it during a long reign. The friends 
 of Charles the fifth, could reckon his faults ; Queen Eliza- 
 beth's enemies have been reduced narrowly to fearch after 
 hers ; and they whofe greateft concern it was to caft an 
 
 odium upon her condudl, have admired her. Her aim 
 
 was to reign ; to govern ; to be miftrefs ; to keep her peo- 
 ple in fubmiffion, neither affediing to weaken her fubjedls, 
 nor to make conquefts in foreign countries, but yet not fuf- 
 fering any perfon to incroach in the leaft upon the fove- 
 reign power, which fhe knew perfedlly well how to main- 
 tain, both by policy and by force. For no perfon in her 
 time, had more wit, more fkill, more judgment than 
 fhe had." ' 
 
 After a long, happy, and glorious reign, throughout which 
 fhe feems to have been miraculoufly guided and protedted by 
 providence ; fhe was at lafl feized with a fort of melancholy 
 difeafe, which put a period to her life. In her fatal illnefs, 
 her lafl words to her council were as follows, " That fhe was 
 
 ^ Thofe who have an inclination to fee 155. Mr. Mallet's Life 0/ Lord Chancellor 
 
 her charafter drawn at large, may with Bacon, from p. 13, to p. ig. Alfo the 
 
 great pleafure confult, Remarks on the WJi. abovementioned Author's Idea of a Pa- 
 
 of England, by Humphry Oldcajlle, Ejq; triot King, pages, 180, 2 1 2, 2 1 3, 214. 
 
 from p. 144, to p. 204. Alfo The fecond Stowe's Chronicle continued by Howes, 
 
 Part of the Hift. and Political Difcourfe of p. 81 3, 8 1 4, 81 5. Speed's Chronicle, 
 
 the Larws and Go'vernmtnt of England, p. p. 88c. Edit. 161 1. 
 
 " full 
 
QJJ EEN ELIZABETH. 237 
 
 " full fiulated with this prefent Ufe, and now defircd nothing 
 " more than to be tranflated to a ftate of immortahty, and 
 " make her efcape out of this dark and difordered ftate of 
 " human affairs. That death which many fo much abhorred, 
 " was only the payment of a debt due to nature ; and that 
 " our Ipirits were of right to be reflored to God from whence 
 " they came." And when flie found the time of her diflblution 
 draw nigh, Ihe caft off all the cares of this life, and betook 
 herfelf wholly to the adls of piety and devotion. She fent for 
 Dr. Whitgift Archbifliop of Canterbury, who with Dr. Ban- 
 croft Bifliop of London ; Dr. Watfon Bifliop of Chichefter ; 
 and Dr. Parry (afterwards BiHiop of Worceftcr, ) with fome 
 other divines, attended her in the time of her ficknefs. When 
 the good Archbifliop came to her, he admoniHied her to con- 
 fider the imperfection of the human nature ; and therefore 
 advifed her to place all her hopes in the merits of Chrift. She 
 replied with fome difficulty of fpeaking, " That flie was 
 " weary of this miferable life, which was fubjeft to fo many 
 " calamities and dangers : That from her foul (he dcfired to 
 " pafs to that eternal life which overflowed with all manner 
 " of felicity ; and was haftening to her heavenly country, 
 " to the prefence of her good Saviour, and into his holy 
 " arms." 
 
 When the Archbifliop had ended his prudent and holy ex- 
 hortation, flie turned her a little, and laying her head upon 
 her right arm, flie compofed herfelf as it were to her lafl: long 
 fleep, with a quiet and rcfigned mind. Nor were her laft 
 moments unlike the reft of her life, for it appeared by the 
 motions of her hands and eyes, that they were fpent in the 
 adls of devotion and mental prayer \ And thus being at lafl: 
 
 wholly 
 
 * This is the account which is given of William Barlow Bidiop of Lincoln, in his 
 her behaviour in her laft illnefs, by Dr. book intitled Jn Jnjkvir to a namelcfs Ca- 
 
 tholkk. 
 
238 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 wholly fpent, flie quietly yielded up her foul to God the 24th 
 of March, about midnight, An. 1602, in her Palace of Rich- 
 mond, and in the fame chamber King Henry the feventh her 
 grandfather died in, having reigned 44 years, 4 months, and 8 
 days. Thus died this renowned Princefs, more beloved and 
 lamented than any Prince that ever lived before her. Her 
 corpfe was privately removed and conveyed to White Hall, and 
 there remained till the 28th of April, and was then carried, 
 and attended by 1500 mourners to Weftminfter Abbey, and 
 was interred with very great folemnity in the vault of King 
 Henry the feventh's chapel. Her fucceffor King James, erec- 
 ted a magnificent monument to her memory. The arched 
 canopy over it, is fupported by ten black marble columns of 
 the Corinthian order ; her ftatue in her Royal Robes lying at 
 full length on the tomb, refting on four Lions, and a fifth at 
 her feet ; all gilt with gold. 
 
 On one fide are the arms of France and England quarterly 
 within a garter, fupported by a Lion Rampant Gardant Or, 
 crowned with a Royal Diadem, and a Dragon Gules. Motto, 
 Dieu et mon Droit. 
 
 On the other fide j 
 
 Scotland impaling France and England quarterly ; fupported 
 by an Unicorn Argent, gorged with a Crown reflected over 
 the Back Or, and a Lion Rampant. Motto, Beati Pacifici. 
 
 tholick, pages, 66, 85. Sir Geo. Paula man Catholick writers have had the Ma- 
 in his Life of Archbifloop Whitgift, pages, lice and alTurance to reprefent her as dying 
 94, 95 . And by Mr. Bohun in his Cha- in a ftate of defperation. 
 railer of her, &c. And yet feveral Ro- 
 
 At 
 
QJJ EEN ELIZABETH. 239 
 
 At the Eall and Weft ends are the following Infcriptions. 
 
 Memori^ ^tern^. 
 
 Elizabeths Angli^e, Franciae et Hibernia? Reginas . R . Henrici 
 viii.tilix. R. Hen. vii . nepti, R . Ed . iiii . pronepti, 
 patris parenti, religionis et bonarum artium altrici, plurima- 
 riim linguarum peritia, piicclaris turn animi turn corporis doti- 
 bus regiifque virtutibus fupra fexum. 
 
 Principi Incomparabili. 
 
 Jacobus MagntE Britannias, FranciiB et Hibernias Rex, virtu- 
 tum, et Regnorum hsres, bene merenti pie poluit . 
 
 Memori^ Sacrum. 
 
 Religione ad primsvam finceritateni reftaurata, pace fundata, 
 moneta ad juftum valorem redufta, rebcllione domeftica vin- 
 dicata ; Gallia malis inteftinis prajcipiti lublevata, Bclgio Tuf- 
 tentato, Hilpanica claffe profligata, Hibernia pulfis Hifpanis, et 
 rebellibus ad deditionem coadis pacata, redditibus utriufque 
 Academia; lege annonaria plurimuni adauftis, toto denique 
 Anglia ditata, prudentiffimeque annos XLV. adminiftrata 
 Elizabetha Regina vidtrix, triumphatrix, pietatis ftudiofilTuna, 
 foeliciffima, placida mortc feptuagenaria Ibluta, Mortales, re- 
 liquias dum Chrilto jubente refurgant immortales, in hac Ec- 
 clefia ccleberima ab ipfa confervata, ct denuo fundata, depofuit. 
 
 Obiit 24 Martii, Anno Salutis mdcii. 
 Regni xlv. ^tatis lxx. 
 
 Regno Confortcs & urna, hie obdormimus, Elizabetha Sc 
 Maria forores in fpe refurredionis. 
 
 Thus 
 
240 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Thus Engliflied in Mr. Dart's Hijlory and Antiquities of 
 Wejlminjler Abbey ^ Vol. I. p. 170. 
 
 ' To the eternal memory of Elizabeth Queen of England, 
 ' France and Ireland, daughter of King Henry VIII. Grand- 
 ' daughter of King Henry VII. [Great] Grand-daughter to 
 ' King Edward IV, Mother of her country, a nur fin g-m other 
 
 * to religion and all liberal fciences, fkilled in many languages, 
 ' adorned with excellent endowments both of body and mind, 
 ' and excellent for Princely virtues beyond her fex. James 
 
 * King of Great-Britain, France and Ireland, hath devoutly and 
 ' juftly erefted this monument to her, whofe virtues and King- 
 ' doms he inherits. 
 
 Sacred to Memory : 
 
 ' Religion to its primitive purity reftored, peace fettled, 
 ' money reftoredto its juft value, domeflick rebellions quelled, 
 
 * France relieved when involved with intefline divifions ; the 
 
 * Netherlands fupported ; the Spanifli Armado vanquiflied ; Ire- 
 ' land almoft loft by rebels, eafed by routing the Spaniards ; the 
 ' revenues of both Univerfities much enlarged by a law of pro- 
 
 * vifions ; and laftly, all England enriched. Elizabeth a moft 
 ' prudent governor 45 years, a vidlorious and triumphant Queen, 
 
 * moft ftridlly religious, moft happy, by a calm and refigned 
 ' death at her 70th year left her mortal remains, till by Chrift's 
 ' word they ftaall rife to immortality, to be depofited in this 
 ' church, by her eftabliflied, and laftly founded. She died the 
 ' 24th of March, Anno 1602, of her reign the 45th year, of 
 ' her age the 70th. 
 
T O 
 
 MRS D E L A N Y 
 
 THE TRUEST JUDGE 
 
 AND BRIGHTEST PATTERN 
 
 OF ALL THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS 
 
 WHICFI ADORN HER SEX 
 
 THESE MEMOIRS OF 
 
 LEARNED LADIES 
 
 IN TFIE 
 SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH 
 
 CENTURI ES 
 
 ARE MOST HUMBLY INSCRIBED 
 
 BY HER OBEDIENT SERVANT 
 
 GEORGE BALLARD. 
 
MEMOIRS OF 
 
 243 
 
 ELIZABETH JANE WESTON. 
 
 ELIZABETH JANE WESTON, was born about the 
 beginning of Queen Elizabeth's reign ; and was as Dr. 
 Fuller imagines ' a branch of the ancient and genteel family 
 of the Wefton's of Sutton in the county of Surrey. She 
 feems to have left England when flie was very young, and 
 fettled at Prague in Bohemia, where (I fuppofe) (he continued 
 the remaining part of her life ; upon which account Die is 
 much better known abroad than at home. She had great 
 natural parts, which were much improved by a polite education. 
 She underflood many languages, and was particularly ikilful in 
 the Latin tongue ; in which Ihe wrote feveral things both in 
 profe and verle, with very good fuccefs. Thefe performances 
 gained her very great efteem ; and made her taken notice of 
 by fome of the mofl learned foreigners of that time ; wlio 
 correfponded with her, and gave her great encomiums on that 
 account. Scaliger fpeaking to her f\ys, Pe;!e prius mihi con- 
 tiget admirari itigeniiwi tuuin, quam 7io[fc. And Janus Doufa 
 made the following quibbling epigram on her. 
 
 Angla vel Angelica es, vel profus es Angelus : immo, 
 Si fexus vetat hoc, Angelus eft Animus. 
 
 ^ In his fFortiies in Surrey, p. 87. 
 
 li 
 
 And 
 
244 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 And Nicholas May complimented her with the following 
 Latin epigram. 
 
 J A N A omni potior, WESTONIA virgo, figura, 
 
 Artificis doda pingitur ecce manu. 
 Ingenium, pietas, virtus, induftria, Mufae, 
 
 Virginis & mores abfque colore nitent. 
 Si videas Mufas, decima efl foror addita Mufis j 
 
 Candida fi fpedtes pedlora ; Quarta charis. 
 
 Thus tranflated into Englifh. 
 
 U . . . 
 
 Angd, or, fair Angelick maid, 
 
 An Angel fure thou art. 
 
 Or, if thy fex that name forbid. 
 
 An Angel is thy heart. 
 
 Behold, that future times her worth may own, 
 
 Wefton's fair daughter in the fculptur'd Stone ! 
 
 The tuneful Mufes form'd her virgin mind j 
 
 Her wit was lofty, and her will refign'd : 
 
 On truth's firm bafis all her adions mov'd. 
 
 And zealous induftry her fenfe improv'd. 
 
 Her well known name the heav'nly bands fhall join ; 
 
 And ten the Mufes, four the Graces ihine. 
 
 Among our own writers, Mr. Evelyn has given her a place 
 in his catalogue of learned women, printed in his Numifmata ^: 
 Mr. Philips has introduced her among his female poets *■ : And 
 Mr. Farnaby ranks her with Sir Thomas More, Alabafler 
 and other the bed Latin poets of the fixteenth century. 
 
 6 p. 364. * Theatrum Poelarum, p. 157. 
 
 She 
 
ELIZABETH JANE WESTON. 245 
 
 She tranllated feveral of iEfops Fables into Latin verfe. 
 
 She Hkewife wrote a Latin poem in praife of Typography : 
 which with many other Latin poems and epiitles to her, and 
 from her, were colleded and publiflied with the following title. 
 
 Parthcnicon ELISABETHiE JOANN/'E WESTONI^E, 
 •virgims nobiUJfuna, foetrict jlorentiffwi^, lingua rum plurimarum 
 peritiffima. Liber JIL opera ac jludio G. MART, a BALD- 
 HOVEN, Sil. colkBus ; & nunc dcmib amicis dcfideraiitibus 
 communicatus. PRAG/R, Typis Pauli ScJJii. Printed in large 
 1 2mo. without cither pages or date ; but feems to have been 
 publiflied about the year 1606. 
 
 She was married to John Leon a gentleman belonging to the 
 Emperors Court ; and was living in the year 1605, as appears 
 from an epiftle of hers dated Pragtv Konis Martii that year. 
 
 After thefe high commendations of Mrs. Wefton's ingenuity, 
 I wifti I may not difappoint the readers expedlation, while I 
 am endeavouring to fatisfy his curiofity,' by the following 
 fpecimenj at the time of writing which, as her condition 
 feems to have refembled that of Ovid, when he wrote his 
 Trijiia, fo flie has defcribed and lamented it in the like 
 Numbers. 
 
 Nobiliflimo et Eruditifl". Juveni Joanni Francifco Weftonio, 
 Anglo, Fratri fuo Germano. 
 
 Ne mircrc, modis properent quod verba ligatis : 
 Quod mihi Calliope, dotibi, Xa?^/, dedit. 
 
 Qua; durum mollit numerijm dulceduie pcdus, 
 Et fuadct fuavi plangere fata melo. 
 
 Fata quidem nunquam mihi fat deflenda mifellas, 
 Qusc tantum Mufis tripuere decus : 
 
 li 2 Et 
 
246 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Et quje nos miferos charo fpoliare Parente 
 
 Invidia varios inveniente modos : 
 Ilia docet crudos cantu relevare dolores ; 
 
 At meminiffe diu dedocet ilia Malum ! 
 Ergo boni querulas immaturos confule verfus : 
 
 Primitias genii, quas tibi mitto, mei. 
 In quibus omnimodam FRATRI SOROR opto falute, 
 
 Cundta meis etiam profperiora malis. 
 Ccelitus ut calidis afpiret Jupiter aulis : 
 
 Et tibi conatus provehat ille tuos. 
 Virtutis donee laudato plenior astas 
 
 Olim incremento Teque Tuofque juvet. 
 Made igitur virtute tua, feliciter infta, 
 
 JANE, onus hoc omni parte levabit amor. 
 Debile Mufarum circumdes JEgide pedtus, 
 
 Fortunas cafus ut fuperare queas. 
 Quid prolint illae, duris exercita fatis, 
 
 Vita dat : exemplo do6tior eflo meo. 
 Cura fub obfcura nos hie perterritat aura : 
 
 Et laflata quatit naufragus ofTa labor. 
 Nam diam follicitis urgetur caufa querelis. 
 
 In nova Sifyphium Tempora vergit onus : 
 Ut redit hora mihi, redeunt fimul altera damna : 
 
 Nee vacuum experior ludibus ire diem. 
 Sic ego quod doleo, non mentis morbus habetor j 
 
 Eft morbus, tanto non doluiffe malo ! 
 At nequeunt lamenta pios attingere Manes ; 
 
 Lacrymave inftabiles maefta levare vices. 
 Spes fane poterat me fuftentaffe : vel iftas 
 
 Fortunas turbas diminuifle modo. 
 Spes fuadet Nautis, tumidas cum Thethys in iras 
 
 Proruit, extremae quasrere fortis opem : 
 
 Sed 
 
ELIZABETH JANE WESTON. 247 
 
 Sed quid fperandum eft miferis : ubi Pallidas (eheu) 
 
 Livor avernali cundla furore petit. 
 C^sARis eft clemens animus ; fed C^esaris aurem 
 
 Subducunt votis invida fata meis ; 
 Quo minus ille queat noftras audire querelas ; 
 
 Et folitus nobis obvius effe favor. 
 Sed Deus has etiam nubes abfterget iniquas j 
 
 Atque ferena mihi Cxfaris ora dabit. 
 Ille meas columen vita^ eft ; ille anchora, tandem 
 
 Sperata faciet me ftatione frui. 
 Tu quoque fide DEO, PRATER dilede, tuaque 
 
 GERMANiE nuUis immemor efto locis. 
 
 LADY 
 
248 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 D 
 
 ARABELLA SEYMOUR. 
 
 THIS lady was not more diflinguifli'd for the dignity of 
 her birth, than celebrated for her fine parts ' and learn- 
 ing : And yet, I know fo little in relation to the two laft 
 mentioned accomplilhments, that I fliould not have given her 
 a place in this catalogue, but that I think it would be look'd 
 upon as an unpardonable omiflion, fince Mr. Evelyn has put 
 her in his lift of learned women ^ ; and Mr. Philips has intro- 
 duced her among his modern poeteffes '. 
 
 She was born about the year 1577. Was the daughter of 
 Charles Stuart Earl of Lenox, (who was the youngeft brother 
 of the Lord Darnley, father of King James the firft) by Eli- 
 zabeth his wife, fecond daughter of Sir William Cavendifh 
 
 ■ The author of her life publiflied in he has refer'd to, that, her perfon was not 
 
 the firft vol. of Biographia Britcmnka, fays, very graceful, but then 'tis there remarked 
 
 " She was far from being either beautiful to her advantage and honour, that (he an- 
 
 " in her perfon, or from being diftin- fwered the lords at her examination with 
 
 " guifhed by any extraordinary qualities good judgment and difcretion. See Win- 
 
 " of mind." This miftake feems to pro- wood's Memorials, vol. III. p. 281. 
 ceed from too great hafte in confulting his ^ Numifmata. p. 264. 
 
 author. It is indeed obferved in the letter ' Theatrum Poetarum, p. 254. 
 
 of 
 
ARABELLA SEYMOUR. 249 
 
 of Chatfworth in the county of Derby, knight. The faid 
 earl died in the one and twentieth year of his age, leaving iflue 
 this his only child, who had particular care beflowed upon her 
 education, and not beftowed in vain. For we arc told that 
 flie had a great fi\cility in her poetical compolitions. I have 
 been informed by the learned and ingenious Mrs Elftob, tliat 
 her papers are flill preferved in the Harleian and Longleat 
 Librarys : But what thofc papers contain, I know not. 
 
 Her near affinity to the Crown occafioned her much un- 
 eafinefs, and many misfortunes, being the caufe of her almoft 
 perpetual confinement. That fhe was under a fort of durance 
 in the latter end of Queen Elizabeth's reign, appears from the 
 feventh article of Mr. Ogleby's negociation into Spain, Anno 
 1596, in which 'tis obferved "" that " the Queen of England 
 " would not deliver up to the King of Scots, Arabella, his 
 " uncle's daughter, to be married to the Duke of Lenox in 
 " Scotland, at the time when the faid King, having no iffue, 
 " intended to make the faid Duke his fuccelfor and heir to the 
 " crown of Scotland ." And Thuanus attributes her confine- 
 ment to an attempt which Ihe made to marry a fon of the Earl 
 of Northumberland's. But however this might be, it is very 
 certain that jealous bufy heads were forming accufations againft 
 her, as appears from a letter of her own hand writing, pre- 
 ferved in a MS, vol. of letters in Mr. Aflimole's ftudy N°. 1 720, 
 p. 104. An exadt tranfcript of which I have given at the 
 bottom of the page for the fatisfadtion of the curious .° 
 
 "' Vid. Winwood's Memorials, vol. I. " ted with both our badd hands, but 
 
 p. 4. " whilell wc may wafii our handos in in- 
 
 " nocence, lett the grand accufcr and ail 
 
 " " Noble gentlemen, " his miniftcrs do th«;yr vvorll, God will 
 
 " I am as unjullly accufed of contil- " be on our fide, and revcale the truth to 
 
 " ving a comedy, as you (in my confci- " our moil gratious fovcrainc, maugre all 
 
 " ence) a tragedy. Counfellers are atjuain- " wicked 
 
2^0 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 About this time the Pope form'd a defign to ralfe Lady 
 Arabella to the Throne of England, by marrying her to Car- 
 dinal Farnefe, brother to the Duke of Parma °. King Henry 
 the fourth of France feemed inclined to enter into this projecH:, 
 becaufe he was apprehenfive left England Hiould become too 
 powerful, if it was united with Scotland under the fame 
 Kinor. 
 
 Soon after the acceffion of James King of Scots to the 
 Crown of England, certain Engliih Lords were forming a 
 fcheme to make Lady Arabella Queen of England, becaufe. 
 fays Thuanus, they were afraid left King James, being a 
 foreigner, fliould prefer the Scots before them, and confer all 
 the pofts of honour and profit upon the former. They there- 
 fore confpired to kill the King, and to crown Arabella. But 
 
 • wicked and indireft praftifes whearwith 
 ' ibrne fceke to mifinforme hir Majefty : 
 ■ but I thaiike the Almighty it pleafeth 
 
 • hir Highnefs to deale mode gracioufly 
 
 • with me, and by her Majefties com- 
 maundment have libert)' to chufe my 
 frends, by whom I may better informe 
 hir Majeily of fome matters nearely 
 concerning my felf and diverfe of the 
 very bell frends you and I have ; theare- 
 fore I requeft you moll earnellly to de- 
 liver a meflage from me to her facred 
 Majefty, which (hall be greatly to her 
 Majefties contentment, your honour and 
 behoofe, and is of great importance. 
 It requireth great halle, and I have 
 
 Superfcribed 
 
 To my honorable and 
 afllired good Frend Mr. 
 Edward Talbott." 
 
 advertifed a moft honorable privy 
 counfeller thai I have fent for you to 
 impioy you in hir Majefties fervice, fo 
 that you may not excufe your felf, or 
 loofe time in your ^wne refpcdl, whom 
 it concerns more wayesthen this. And 
 of your own honorable difpofition I 
 doubt not but you would beftow a 
 journey hither and fo to the court for 
 my fake. 
 
 " I pray you in kindefl manner com- 
 mend me to my La. Ogle, and fweet 
 Mrs. Talbott whom I am very defirous 
 to fee, and intreat her to haften you 
 hither, for the fooner you come the 
 better for us all. 
 
 " Your Father's love and your 
 
 " faithful! frend 
 
 " ARBELLA STUART." 
 
 Endorfed, i6 Feb. 
 
 See the article of her in the General DiSionary, 
 
 this 
 
ARABELLA SEYMOUR. 251 
 
 this confpiracy being dctedled, fome of thofe who were con- 
 cerned in it, were capitally puniflied, and the reft obtained the 
 King's pardon or a reprieve. 
 
 Thefe tranfadtions ieem to have occafioned her confinement 
 in her own houfe, and to have impaired both her fortune '' and 
 
 P The allowance from the crown for 
 her maintenance was fo fmall, that fhe was 
 obliged to write to fecretary Cccill to in- 
 tercede with King James in her behalf, as 
 I find by the two following letters, nhich 
 I copied from the abovementioned MS. 
 
 " My good Lord, 
 " It hath pleafed his Majefty to alter his 
 " purpofe concerning the penlion, whcre- 
 " of your Lordlhip writt to mc. It may 
 " pleafe you to move his Majefty that my 
 " prelent want may be fupplied by his 
 " Highnefs with fomme fummc of money, 
 " which needeth not be annual!, if it 
 «' fhall fo fcenie good to his Majefty. But 
 «' I would rather make hard (liiftc for the 
 «' prcfent, then be too troublcfome to his 
 " Highnefs, who I doubt not will allow 
 " me maintenance in fuch liberall forte, 
 " as (hall be for his Majeftys honour, and 
 " a teftimony to the world, no Icfs, of his 
 «« Highnefs Princely bounty, then natu- 
 " rail affeiftion to me. Which good in- 
 " tention of his Majeilies, I doubt. not but 
 " your Lordlhip will further, as you fliall 
 " fee occafion, whereby your Lordihip 
 •' (hall make mc greatly boundcn to you 
 «' as I already acknowledge my felfe to 
 " be. And fo with humble thankes for 
 " your honorable letter, I recommend 
 " your Lordfliip to the proteciion of the 
 " Almighty, who fend you all honour & 
 " contentment. From Shecne the 22 of 
 " June. 
 
 " Your Lordfhips poore frcnd 
 
 •' ARBELLA STUART." 
 
 K 
 
 Superfcribed, " To the right honorable 
 my very good Lord, the Lord Cccill." 
 
 Endorfed, " 22 of June 1603, Lady 
 Arbella Stuart to my Lord." 
 
 " My good Lord, 
 
 " I humbly tlianck your Lordfliip that 
 " it will plea("e you aniongft your great af- 
 " faires to remember my fui:es to his Ma- 
 " jelly for the alteration of my pcnfion, I 
 " hope I fhall fhortly have the means to 
 " aquaint your Lordlliip with it my fclf. 
 " If I Ihould name two thoufand poundcs 
 " for my prefent occafions it would not 
 " exceede my neceflity, but I dare not 
 " prefume to crave any certain fumnie but 
 " referre mv felfe wholly to his Majefty 's 
 " confideration, and afiure my lelf I (liall 
 " find your Lordfliip my honourable good 
 " frend, both in procuring it as foone, 
 " and making the fummc as great a^ may 
 " be. So with humble thanckcs to your 
 " Lordfliip for your continuall fa\-oures, 
 " I recommend your Lordlhip to the pro- 
 " teflion of the Almighty. From Shecne 
 " the 23 of June, 1603. 
 
 " Your Lordlhip's poorc frend 
 
 " ARBELLA STUART." 
 
 Superfcribed, 
 
 " To the right honorable my very 
 " good Lord the Lord Cecyll." 
 
 k her 
 
252 MEMOIRS OF LADY 
 
 her health- I find it obferved (in a letter from Mr. Chamber- 
 lain to Sir Ralph Winwood dated 1609.) that " the Lady 
 " Arabella's bufinefs (whatfoever it was) is ended, and fhe 
 " reflored to her former place and grace. The King gave her 
 " a cupboard of plate better then 200 1. for a new-years gift, 
 *' and a 1000 marks to pay her debts, befides fome yearly 
 " addition to her maintenance ; want being thought the chief- 
 " eft caufe of her difcontentment, though fhe be not altoge- 
 " ther free from fufpicion of being coUapfed ■*. 
 
 Soon after this fhe was privately married (without King 
 James's privity or confent) to Mr. William Seymour, fecond 
 fon to the Earl of Hertford ; who was afterwards Earl 
 and Marquifs of Hertford, and at length reftored to the Duke- 
 dom of Somerfet : Upon the difcovery of which, they were 
 both committed Prifoners to the tower of London, where her 
 huiband was welcomed by the famous Melvin with the en- 
 fuinf Latin diftich, in a flrain of Wit, which that age much 
 admired. 
 
 Communis tecum mihi caufa eft Carcerls, Ara- 
 bella tibi caufa eft, Araque Sacra mihi. 
 
 " The wit confifts (as the author of the article of her in 
 
 *' the Biographia Britannica obferves) in the allufion, ground- 
 
 •" ed on the lady's name, fignifying in Latin, a fair Altar, and 
 
 " Melvin being committed for the caufe of GOD's Altar, at 
 
 " leaft in his own opinion. This renders it almoft impoflible 
 
 " to tranflate thefe lines into Englifli, without injuring either 
 
 " the fenfe or the fpirit, which is (fays he) the beft excufe 
 
 " that can be made for the following attempt." 
 
 s Winwood's Memorials, Vol. III. p. 1 17. 
 
 From 
 
I 
 
 ARABELLA SEYMOUR. 253 
 
 From the fame caufe, my woe proceeds and thine ^ 
 Your ALTAR lovely is, and /acred mine. 
 
 But the turn of wit (if it may be called fo) in which thofe 
 verfes are written, being now quite difcarded, inclines me to 
 omit fome other compliments paid to Lady Arabella in the fame 
 taftc ; particularly by the once famous epigrammatifl: Mr. John 
 Owen, from whom I fliall only infert one fliort copy of verfes, 
 with a tranflation done by Mr. Thomas Harvey, who tranfla- 
 ted and printed Owen's epigrams An. 1 677. 
 
 Si foret in nudis virtus aut gloria verbis, 
 Li laudcs facerem carmina mille tuas. 
 
 Nobilitare potcft noflram tua gloria Mufam ; 
 At tibi Mufa poteft addere noflra nihil. 
 
 If in bare words were honour, I could raife — 
 Could write a thoufand verfes in thy praife : 
 My mufe may by thy worth ennobled be. 
 But my poor mufe can nothing add to thee. 
 
 After having been in durance about one year, notwithftand- 
 ing their being under the care of different keepers, they both 
 , contrived fo artfully, as to make their efcape at the fame time. 
 This gave the court a terrible alarm, and caufed as dreadful 
 apprchenfions there, as if fome fudden invafion, or fome- 
 thing of the moft dangerous confequence would enfue. Upon 
 this a proclamation was drawn up in very hard and fcvere 
 terms ; but being foftcncd by the prudenc. of a great minifter, 
 it was inftantly printed and difperfed. As this proclamation 
 
 Kk 2 is 
 
254 MEMOIRS OF LADY 
 
 is not very eafy to be met with, I fliall here give a tranfcript 
 of it from Mr. Rymer's Fcedera '. 
 
 " De Proclamatione tangente Dominam Arbellam & 
 *' Willielmum Seymor. 
 
 " Whereas We are given to underftand, that the Lady 
 " Arbella and William Seymore fecond fonne to the Lord 
 " Beauchampe, beinge for divers great and heynous offences 
 " committed, the one to our tower of London, and the other 
 " to a fpeciall guard, have found the means, by the wicked 
 " pradlifes of divers lewd perfons, as namely, Markham, 
 " Crompton, Rodney and others, to breake prifon and make 
 " efcape on Monday the third day of June, with an intent to 
 " tranfport themfelves into foreigne parts. 
 
 " We doe hereby ftraightly charge and command all per- 
 " fons whatfoever upon their allegiance and dutie, not only to 
 " forbcare to receive, harbor, or affift them in their paffage 
 " anie way, as they will aunfwer it at their parilles ; but upon 
 *' the like charge and paine, to ufe the befl: meanes they can 
 " for theire apprehenfion and keeping them in fafe cuflody, 
 " which We will take as an acceptable fervice. 
 
 " Given at Greenwich the fowerth daie of June. [ 1 6 1 1 ] 
 
 " per ipfum Regem." 
 
 The manner of their efcape being remarkable ; and as it is 
 exadtly related in a letter from Mr. John More to Sir Ralph 
 Winwood, dated 8th of June, i6i i '. I will here give that 
 account verbatim. 
 
 » Vol. l6. pag. 710. » Vid. Winwood's Memorials, vol. III. pages 279, 280, 28). 
 
 " On 
 
ARABELLA SEYMOUR. 255 
 
 " On Monday lafl: in the afternoon my Lady Arabella lying 
 
 " at Mr. Conier's houfe near Highgate, having induced her 
 
 *' keepers and attendants into fecurity by the fair fhew of con- 
 
 ** formity and willingnefs to go on her journey towards Dur- 
 
 " ham, (which the next day Hie muft have done,) and in the 
 
 " mean time difguifing herfelf by drawing a pair of great 
 
 " French-flifliion'd hofe over her pcttycotes^, putting on a 
 
 " man's doublet, a man-lyke Perruque with long locks over 
 
 " her hair, a black hat, black cloake, ruflct bootes with red 
 
 " tops, and a rapier by her fiyde, walked forth between three 
 
 " and four of the clock with Mr. Markham. After they had 
 
 " gone a foot a Mile and half to a forry inne, where Cromp- 
 
 " ton attended with their horfes, fhe grew very fick and faint, 
 
 *' fo as the hoftler that held the ftyrrop, fliid, that gentleman 
 
 " would hardly holdout to London. Yet being fet on a good 
 
 " gelding aflride in an unwonted fafliion, the ftirring of the 
 
 *' horfe brought blood enough into her face, and fo flie rid on 
 
 " towards Blackwall ; where arriving about fix a clock, find- 
 
 " ing there in a readinefs two men, a gentlewoman and a 
 
 " chambermaid, with one boat full of Mr. Seimour's and her 
 
 ** trunks, and another boat for their pcrfons, they hafted from 
 
 " thence towards Woolwich. Being come fo far they bade 
 
 " the watermen row on to Gravefend. There the watermen 
 
 " were defirous to land, but for a double freight were con- 
 
 *' tented to go on to Lee : yet being almoft tyred by the way, 
 
 " they were fain to lye flill at Tilbury whilft the oars went a 
 
 " land to refrefli themfclves. Then they proceeded to Lcc, 
 
 " and by that time the day appeared, they difcovered a Hiip 
 
 " at anchor a myle beyond them, which was the French 
 
 " Barque that waited for them : here the Lady would have 
 
 " lien at anchor expedting Mr. Scimour, but through the ini- 
 
 *' portunity of her followers they forthwith hoirteJ fiile to 
 
 " fea- 
 
256 MEMOIRS OF LADY 
 
 " fea-warde. In the mean while Mr. Seymour with a per- 
 " ruque and beard of black hair, and in a tauny cloth luit, 
 " walked alone without fufpicion from his lodging out of the 
 " great weft-door of the tower, following a cart that had 
 " brought him billets. From thence he walked along by the 
 " tower wharfe, by the warders of the fouth gate, and fo to 
 " the iron gate, where Rodney was ready with oars for to re- 
 " ceive him. When they came to Lee and found that the 
 " French fliip was gone, the billows rifing high, they hired 
 " a fifherman for twenty fliillings to fet them aboard a certain 
 " fliip that they faw under fail. That fhip they found noE to 
 " be it they looked for, fo they made forwards to the next un- 
 *' der faile, which was a fliip of Newcaftle. This, with much 
 " adoe they hired for forty pounds, to carry them to Calais : 
 *' but whither the Collier did perform his bargain or no, is 
 " not as yet here known. On Tewfday in the afternoon my 
 " Lord Treafurer being advertifed that the Lady Arabella had 
 " made an efcape, fent forthwith to the lieutenant of the 
 " tower to fet ftreight guard over Mr. Seimour ; which he af- 
 " ter his Tare manner^ would thoroughly do ^ that he would: 
 " But coming to the prifoner's lodgings he found (to his great 
 " amazement) that he was gone from thence one whole day 
 " before. 
 
 " I may not omit in this relation to Infert the fimple part 
 " of two filly perfons ; the one called Tom. Barber fervant to 
 " Mr. Seimour, (who believing his mafter fpake bona fide) 
 " did according to his inftrudlions tell every one that came to 
 " enquire for his mafter, that he was ?iewly Retaken to his rejl, 
 " being much troubled with the tooth-ach. And when themat- 
 " ter was difcovered, did ferioufly perfift to perfwade Mr. 
 " Lieutenant that he was gone but to lie a night with his wife, 
 " a}id would furely return thither of himfelf again. The other 
 
 " a minifters 
 
ARABELLA SEYMOUR. 257 
 
 *' a miniflers wife attending the Lady; who feeing her 
 " miftrefs difguife herfelf and flip away, was trcwly perfwaded 
 *' that flie intended but to make a prraate vifit to her ktijhand^ 
 " and did duly attend her return at the time appointed. 
 
 " Now the King and the Lords being much difturbed 
 " with this unexpected accident, my Lord Treafurer fent 
 " orders to a pinnace that lay at the Downs to put prefently 
 " to fea, firfl: to Calais Road, and then to fcoure up the 
 " coaft towards Dunkirke. This pinnace fpying the afore- 
 " faid French bark which lay lingering for Mr, Seimour, 
 " made to her, which thereupon offered to fly towards Calais, 
 " and endured 13 fliot of the pinnace before flie would 
 " ftryke. In this bark is the Lady taken with her followers, 
 " and brought back towards the Tower : Not fo forry for her 
 " own refl:raint, as flie fliould be glad if Mr. Seimour might 
 " efcape, whofe welfare flie proteflieth to affedl much more 
 " than her own." 
 
 This unfortunate Lady being clofly confined a prifoner in 
 the tower, flie there fpent the remaining part of her life in 
 a melancholy retirement, which was attended with fo much 
 difquietude as at lafl: deprived her of her reafon. When 
 flie had been a prifoner four j'^ears, flie was liappily re- 
 leafed from all her forrows by death (tlio' not without 
 fulpicion of poifon ') upon the 27th day of September, 16 15, 
 and was interred in the vault with Mary Queen of Scots, 
 in the chapel of K. Henry the feventh, without any monu- 
 mental infcription. Her coflin is now much fliattcred and 
 broken, fo that her flcuU and body may be fecn ". Dr. 
 Richard Corbet Dean of Chrifl:-Church, and fucceflively 
 
 « See the article of her in the General " Crul's ^Ktiq. of Wejtminficr Allfy, 
 DiBionary. p. in. 
 
 Bifliop 
 
258 MEMOIRS, Gff. 
 
 Bifhop of Oxford and Norwich, compofed the following 
 verfes as an epitaph for her ". 
 
 On the Lady ARABELLA. 
 
 How do I thank thee, death, and blefs thy power, 
 That I have paft the guard, and 'fcap'd the tower ! 
 And now my pardon is my epitaph. 
 And a fmall coffin my poor carcafs hath ; 
 For at thy charge, both foul and body were 
 Enlarg'd at laft, fecur'd from hope or fear. 
 That amongft Saints, This amongft Kings is laid. 
 And what my birth did claim, my death hath paid. 
 
 « Vide \a% Poems, pag. 128. Edit. 1672. 
 
 MARY 
 
MEMOIRS OF .259 
 
 MAR 
 
 COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. 
 
 MARY SYDNEY Countefs of Pembroke, was born 
 about the middle of the fixteenth century, and was the 
 daughter of Sir Henry Sydney Knight of the Garter, Lord 
 Deputy of Ireland, and Lord Prcfident of Wales, by the 
 Lady Mary eldell daughter to John Duke of Northumberland ; 
 and Sifter of the matchlefs Sir Philip Sydney. She had an 
 excellent natural Genius: And having the advantages of a polite 
 education, when according to the cuflom of that age, litera- 
 ture was reckoned a confiderable part of politenefs, flie made 
 an illufb-ious appearance among the literati of that time, who 
 have given ample teflimony of her great merit. 
 
 She was married about the year 1576, to Henry Earl of 
 Pembroke, by whom flie had iffue William, who fucceeded 
 him in his honours, (and from whom the prefent Earl is de- 
 fcended) and Philip, and a daughter Anne, who died young. 
 
 Robert Dudley Earl of Leicefter, her uncle, made the 
 match for her, and paid part of her fortune, which Sir Henry 
 acknowledges as a favour to him, by his letter from Dundalk 
 in Ireland, bearing date the 4th of February, 1 576 ^ 
 
 y Vid. Mr. Collins's Memoirs of the fixt to his CoUeilion of die Sydney Let- 
 Lives and Ailkm of the Svdneys, pre- ters, p. 97. 
 
 Li Her 
 
26o M E M O I R S O F M A R Y 
 
 Her brother Sir Philip Sydney, the ornament of his age and 
 country, was (o exceedingly pleafed with her fine genius, and 
 extraordinary improvement of it, that he confecrated his inge- 
 nious romance (than which perhaps none was ever more cele- 
 brated) to this his learned and ingenious Sifter under the title 
 of Tbe Count efs of Pembrokes ARCADIA, which has been 
 many times printed. And Mr. Abraham Fraunce endeavoured 
 to do her honour, by devoting his labours to her ; the titles of 
 whofe books have induced thofe who never faw the books 
 themfelves to think they were of the CountelTes own compo- 
 fition. The titles are The Countefs of Pe?)2brokes Tvychnrch. 
 Contcin'nig the affeSlionate Life and iinjortimate Death of Phi His 
 and Amyntas : That in a Paftoi'all : This in a Funeral : Both 
 in RngUJh Hexameters, by Abraham Fraunce, \X.o Lond. isgi. 
 Alfo, The Countefs of Pembrokes Emanue/. Containing the 
 Nativity, Burial!, and KefurreSlion of Chrift : together with 
 certain Pfahns oj David. All in RngUJli Hexaineters, by 
 Abraham Fraunce, /\Xo Loiid. 1591. 
 
 As her genius inclined her to poetry, fo flie fpent much of 
 her time in that way. She tranflated many of the Pfalms into 
 Engliih verfe ; which are bound in velvet, and as I am told, 
 ftill preferved in the library at Wilton. But then we are in- 
 formed by Sir John Harington ^, and afterwards by Mr. 
 Wood ', and from him by the late learned Dr. Thomas ^, that 
 fhe was alTifted by Dr. Babington then chaplain to the family, 
 and afterwards Bifhop of Worcefter ; for, fay they, 'twas 
 more than a woman's fkill to exprefs the fenfe of the Hebrew 
 fo right, as fhe hath done in her verfe ; or more than the 
 Englifh or Latin tranllation could give her. This argument 
 
 ^ Brief •vie-tv of the State of the Church ■> See his Li'vei ef the Bifiops of Wor- 
 
 of England, p. 128. Ed. 1653. cejler, p. 221. 
 
 » Vid. Ath. Oxen. Vol. I. Col. 183. 
 
 has 
 
COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. zSi 
 
 has likewife been made ufe of by a certain divine to divert; ano- 
 ther worthy Lady of the honour of an excellent performance, 
 in the compofition of which was fliown fome ITlIH in that 
 primitive language. But why this fliould be thought a cogent 
 argument to prove it, I am very much at a lofs to know ; it 
 being not fo much as pretended, fo far as I can be informed, 
 that there is more fkill required, or greater difficulties to be 
 met with in acquiring that language, than there is in attaining 
 an exadl knowledge in the Greek and other tongues, which all 
 the world knows numbcrlefs women have been perfed:ly well 
 verfed in. 
 
 And that the female fex are as capable of learning this as 
 any other language, appears fo plain from many undeniable 
 inftances of it, as to render any farther difproof of that affer- 
 tion unneceffary. Let thofe who doubt of it, read what St. 
 Jerom has recorded of the noble Lady Paula and her daughter 
 Euftochium. The Lady Paula's characfter he folemnly pro- 
 fefles himfelf, and that upon a molt folemn occahon, to have 
 drawn not in the way of a Panegyric, but to have related every 
 thing with the flrideft veracity ; and therefore will not, I hope, 
 be fufpeded of flattery, when he tells us that (lie, in her old 
 age, did fpeedily learn it ; and underftood the language fo well 
 as to fpeak it ^ 
 
 ' Father Simon in the preface to his " learning thofe very tongues in which 
 
 Critical Hijiory of the Text of the AVot'- " they were writ. 
 
 Tef anient, fpeaking of the reading of an- " I aflert nothing, which cannot be 
 
 tient manufcripts fays, " This art, " maintained by the letters of thofe pious 
 
 •' whofe difficulty appears fo formidable " ladies, and the ar.fwcrs of that learned 
 
 •' to fome divines in this age, made part " father, who has had oftentimes a diffi- 
 
 " of the occupation of fome ladies in St. " cult tafk to fatisfy thofe queitions they 
 
 " Jerom's time : who not content to read " propofe, on matters purely critical. St. 
 
 " the fcriptures in the vulgar tongue, dif- " Jerom had advanced, that the Apollles 
 
 " perfed among the people, they diligent- " had never ci.cd any pall'age in the OIJ- 
 
 " \y enquired after chc corrcctell copies, " Tejlament, 
 
 L 1 2 
 
262 
 
 MEMOIRS OF MARY 
 
 Or if this be referring them too far back to antiquity, let 
 them refled: on the extraordinary learning and abilities of Mrs. 
 Anna Maria a Schurman ; who was not only well fkilled ia 
 Greek and Latin, but in the Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Chaldaic, 
 &c. And we are told '' that Ludovifia Sarracennia, a Phyfician's 
 daughter of Lyons, underftood and fpake Hebrew and Greek 
 at the age of eight years. To let pafs many other foreign ex- 
 amples, I fhall only obferve that our own Kingdom produced 
 feveral women in the lalt century, who were famous for their 
 ikill in Hebrew, &c. Particularly a young Lady of the 
 North family, who was well verfed in the Oriental languages. 
 Mrs. Bland a Yorkfhire gentlewoman was fo well fkilled in it, 
 that flie taught it to her fon and daughter. Likewife the late 
 Mrs. Bury of Briftol, and others, of whom I need fay no more 
 here, fince they will be remembred in this catalogue. Befides, 
 as the picture of the Countefs reprefents her with the book of 
 Pfalms in her hand, it feems to me, to be inconfiftent with 
 her modefty, if the performance had not been her own, to 
 have been drawn in that manner. Much more might be faid 
 upon this head ; but having faid enough to prove that the 
 Countefs might poffibly underftand the original, and confe- 
 quently have learning and judgment enough to give a juft 
 tranllation of the pfalms, I fhall proceed in my fhort account 
 of her. 
 
 She tranflated and publifhed ^ Difcourfe of Life and 
 Death, ivritten in French by Philip Morney, done into Englijh 
 by the Countefs of Pembroke^ dated the iT^th of May, 1590, at 
 
 " Tejlammt, which did not perfeflly agree 
 
 " with the Hebrew Text. Euftochium, 
 
 " who perfectly underftood the Greek and 
 
 " Hebrew hinguages, oppofed him with 
 
 " fuch powerful arguments, that he was 
 
 " forced to own himfelf almoft overcome 
 
 " with the ftrength of her objeftions. 
 " Quod cum audiffem, quafi a fortiffimo 
 " pugile percufTus eifem, cspi tacitus 
 " Jeftuare." 
 
 '' Evelyn's Numifmata, p. 287. 
 
 JVilten. 
 
COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. 263 
 
 Wilton. Printed at Londo?! for William Ponfonbyy 1600, i2mo. 
 Likewife, 
 
 The Tragedie of Antonie. Doone i?ito Engli/h by the 
 Countefs af Pembroke, i2vc\o. Loud. 1595. This little book 
 is not paged, but contains 54 leaves, dated at Ramfbury 26, 
 Nov. 1590. 
 
 •. This great Lady was not only learned herfelf, but appears 
 to have been a patronefs of letters, by allowing Dr. Moufett 
 a yearly penlion, &c. '. Her generofity this way is acknow- 
 ledged by a late induflrious author ' who tells us that " She 
 " was not only a lover of the Mules, but a great encourager 
 " of polite learning, which (fays he) is very rarely to be found 
 " in any of that fex." 
 
 What induced that writer to make this invidious, and un- 
 juft remark, I know not ; but this I am fure of, that he muft 
 forfeit much of his reputation, if he has any, among all thofe 
 who are acquainted with the names of the many foundrefles 
 and benefadrelTes to both our Univerfities ; but more particu- 
 larly among the vaft number of the literati who have had, 
 and do ftill envoy, their Liberal Donations. 
 
 This worthy Lady furvived her noble Lord twenty years ^ ; 
 and having lived to a very advanced age, died at her houfe in 
 Alderfgate-llreet, London, the 25th of September, 1621. And 
 was buried with the Pembroke family in the chancel of the 
 Cathedral Church of Salifbury ; but without any monument, 
 the want of which is pretty well compenfated for. Her bro- 
 ther, Sir Philip Sydney, concludes his defence of Poefic, with 
 this curfe in behalf of all poets, on thofe who difregard them. 
 
 • See Jth. Oxer;. Vol. I. Col. 219 and was buried in the Cathedral Church 
 
 * Mr. Giles Jncob in his Lives of the of Salilbury. Dugdalc's£arc;;tfgt-, Vol. II. 
 Teets, &.C. Vol. ]. p. :oi. p. 260, 
 
 « He died at Wilton, 19 Jan. .^i. i6oi . 
 
 « That 
 
264 M E M O I R S O F, &c. 
 
 " That when you die, may your memory die from the earth, 
 " for want of an epitaph." This Lady being quite of a con- 
 trary charader, hath met with a fuitable fate, and hath had 
 her memory thus honoured in lines much more lafting than 
 marble or brafs ; thefe verfes being dcfigned as an epitaph 
 for her. 
 
 Underneath this fiible herfe 
 Lyes the fubjed: of all verfe. 
 Sydney's fifter, Pembroke's mother j 
 Death, ere thou has kill'd another. 
 Fair and learned and good as /he. 
 Time (hall throw a dart at thee. 
 Marble pyles let no man raife 
 To her Name, for after dales 
 Some kind woman born as fhe 
 Reading this, like Niobe, 
 Shall turn marble, and become 
 Both her mourner and her tomb. 
 
 ELIZA- 
 
M E M O I R S O F 265 
 
 ELIZABETH 
 
 COUNTESS OF LINCOLN. 
 
 ELIZABETH Countefs of Lincoln was one of the 
 daughters and coheirs of Sir Henry Knevet, of Charlton 
 in the county of Wilts, Knight. She was married to Thomas 
 Earl of Lincoln, about the latter end of the reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth, by whom fhe had iflue feven fons, viz. Henry and 
 Thomas who died young, Theophilus, Edward, Charles and 
 Knevet ; Robert who alfo died young, and John : And nine 
 
 daughters, viz. Katherine, who died young, Elizabeth 
 
 Frances wife of John, fon and heir to Sir Ferdinando Gorges, 
 
 Knight, Arabella Lucie, and Anne, who died young, 
 
 Sufilnna, Dorcas and Sarah. She furvived many years her 
 noble confort, who died at his caftle of TatHiall in the county 
 of Lincoln, the 15 Jan. 1618, and was buried in the chancel 
 of that parifli Church \ 
 
 In the year 1628, (he publhhed a fmall, but valuable treatife 
 
 of her own writing, intitled The Connteffe of Lincolne's Niir- 
 
 ferie, ^to Oxford ^ 1628. This very fcarce tradl contains befides 
 
 * Vid. Dugdalc's Baronage, Vol. L p. 5 3 3 . and QoWmisPeerage, \'ol. IL p.iges 120,121. 
 
 the 
 
266 MEMOIRS, &c. 
 
 the dedication and preface, 2 1 pages. It is addreffed to her 
 daughter-in-law Bridget Countefs of Lincoln ; and is an ex- 
 traordinary proof of her good fenfe, it being, as an excellent 
 author obferves, a well wrote piece, full of fine arguments, 
 and capable of convincing any one, that is capable of convic- 
 tion, of the neceffity and advantages of mothers nurfing their 
 own children. By her Ladyfliip's fpeaking of it as the firft 
 work of her's that ever came in print, one may imagine that 
 fhe wrote more treatifes ; but what they are, or when flae died, 
 1 know hot. 
 
 ESTHER 
 
MEMOIRS OF 267 
 
 ESTHER INGLIS. 
 
 THE writings of illuftrious women which I have hitherto 
 taken notice of, are fuch as I hope may recommend 
 themfelves to the world by tlieir own intrinfic excellence, and 
 good fenfe. In what fort of charafters they were indited, and 
 how far attended with any external ornament, I cannot in 
 many inftances pretend to affirm ; but certain it is that tlie 
 lady of whom I am now going to give an account, did expi'cfs 
 whatever flie wrote in moft beautiful charadcrs ; and her Cal- 
 ligraphy is the chief thing I have to mention concerning her. 
 All that fee her writing are aftoniihed at it, upon the account 
 of its exadtnefs, finenefs, and variety : And many are of opi- 
 nion that nothing can be more exquifite. Gazius ', Afcham", 
 Davics, Gething ', Lyte "', and many others have been cele- 
 brated for their extraordinary talent this way ; but this lady has 
 excelled them all ; what ilae has done being almoft incredible. 
 One of the many delicate pieces n:ic wrote was in the cufl:ody 
 of Mr. Samuel Kello her great-grand-fon, 171 i. Otliers are 
 remaining in the caflle at Edinborough. Mr. Ilearne faw one 
 in the hands of Philip Harcourt, Efq; intitled Hijioricc vicmo- 
 
 ' Vid. Mr. Henrnc's Edit, of Gull, o^ Athena: Oxon, Col. 65. 
 Nciibrisreiifis. p. 7J2. ' Athcmv Oxon. Vol. ]. Co!. 444. 
 
 " Vrd. the %,;• to Mr, Wood's 1.1 vol. '•' .Ibid. Col.- 626. ./ 
 
 M HI rabHiS 
 
268 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 rdnks Genefis^ per EJlheram Inglis Gallam, Edinbiirgi Anno 
 1600. 
 
 In the archives of the library of Chrift's Church in Oxford 
 are the Plalms of David written in French with her own hand, 
 and prefented to Queen Elizabeth by Mrs. Inglis her felf : and 
 were by that renowned Princefs given to this library. 
 
 In the archives in Bodley's Library are two more of her 
 manufcripts preferv'd with great care. One of 'em is intitled 
 Les fix Vingti & Jjx ^atrains de Guy de Faur fieur de PybraCy 
 ejcrits par EJiher higlis, pour fan dernier adieu, ce 21 Jour de 
 'Jiiin 1 6 17. In the fecond leaf, this in capital letters. " To 
 " the right worfl:iipfull my very fingular friende Jofeph Hall 
 " dodlor of Divinity, and dean of Worchefter, Efther Inglis 
 " wiflieth all increafe of true happinefs, Junii xxi, 161 7." 
 I-n the third leaf, her head painted upon a card and palled 
 upon the leaf. 
 
 The title of the other book is Les Proverbes de Salomon 
 Efcrites en diverfes Sortes de Lettres, par Efther Anglois Fran- 
 coife. A Lijlebourge en Efcoffe 1599. This delicate per- 
 formance gains the admiration of all who fee it : every chap- 
 ter is wrote in a different hand ; as is the dedication, and fome 
 other things at the beginning of the book which makes near 
 forty feveral forts of hands. The beginnings and endings of 
 the chapters are adorned with moft beautiful head and tail 
 pieces, and the margins are elegantly decorated with the pen, 
 in imitation (I fuppofe) of the beautiful old manufcripts. The 
 book is dedicated to the Earl of Effex, Queen Elizabeth's 
 great favourite. At the beginning are his arms neatly drawn 
 with all it's quarterings j in number 56, In the fifth leaf is her 
 own pidlure done with the pen, in the habit of that time. In 
 her right hand a pen, the left refting upon a book opened ; in 
 one of the leaves of which is written Del Eternel le bien. 
 
 De 
 
ESTHER I N G L I S. 269 
 
 De mm le mat, ou rien. On the table before her there is 
 likewife a mufick book lying open : which perhaps intimates 
 that rhe had fome fkill in that art. Under the picture is an 
 epigram in Latin made by Andrew Melvin. And on the next 
 page another compofed by the fame author, which is as 
 follows. 
 
 N^vmAz naturae manus cxprimit una figuras 
 Mille, animans pi<ftis Signa pufilla notis, 
 
 Signa creans animata, polum fpirantia figna : 
 Qua? pidlurata maro-jne limbus obit. 
 
 Mirum opus : at mage mira Manus ; mira omnia vincit 
 Mens manui moderans, dum manus urget opus. 
 
 Andrazus Melvinus. 
 
 Thus trandated Into Englifh. 
 
 One hand dame nature's mimickdoes exprefs 
 Her larger figures, to the life, in lefs. 
 In the rich border of her work do fl:and, 
 Afrefli created by her curious hand. 
 The various figns and planets of the iky. 
 Which fcem to move and twinkle in our eve. 
 Much we the work, much more the hand admire, 
 Hei fancy guiding this does raife our wonder higher. 
 
 There is in the fame page another epigram upon her by 
 John Johnfton. 
 
 In the royal library D. XVI. " Eflher Tnglis's Fifty Emblems, 
 finely drawn and written : a Lijlcbourg (n Efcofje, Ian 1624. 
 
 • See Mr. Cafley's CataUgue of the Kings Marr.ifcrifts, p. 270. 
 
 M m 2 It 
 
270 M E M O I R S, &c. 
 
 It appears from the two laft mentioned books (one of which 
 was wrote in the year 1599, the other in 1624, in both of 
 which fhe writes her name Inglis) that fhe Hved unmarried 
 till flie was about forty : and then I find by a memorandum 
 made by my late friend Mr. Hearne, in a fpare leaf at the 
 beginning of her manufcript of the Proverbs of Solomon, that 
 fhe was married to Mr. Bartholomew Kello, a Scotch-man ; 
 by whom (he had a fon named Samuel Kello, who was educated 
 in Chrift Church college, Oxon. He was afterwards minifter 
 of Speckfhall in Suffolk to his dying day. His fon, Mr. Sa- 
 muel Kello, was fword-bearer of Norwich, and died April the 
 4th, 1 709. Attefted to Mr. Hearne, by Mr. Samuel Kello 
 of London, fon to the faid Mr. Samuel Kello the fword- 
 bearer, September the 1 6th, 1 7 1 1 . 
 
 What other things fhe may have wrote, how long flie liv'd, 
 or when fhe dy'd, I know not ; nor any thing more concern- 
 ing her J unlefs the friendfhip fhe contradted with Bifhop Hall, 
 was the occafion of tranfplanting her poilerity to Norwich. 
 
 LADY 
 
MEMOIRS OF 271 
 
 A D 
 
 ELEANOR DAVIES. 
 
 LADY ELEANOR DAVIES was born about the latter 
 end of Queen Elizabeth's, or the beginning of King 
 James the firft's reign. She was the fifth daughter of Lord 
 George Audley Earl of Caftlehaven, by Lucy his wife, daugh- 
 ter of Sir James Mcrvin, of Fontell in the county of Wilts, 
 Knight, bhe had, according to the cullom of that and the 
 preceding age, a learned education ; and was then the fubjed: 
 of much difcourfe, even from the Prince to the Peafant, tho' 
 now almofl wholly forgotten. She was married firft to Sir 
 John Davies, the King's firft ferjeant at law in England, and 
 attorney general in Ireland, by whom (he was the mother of 
 one fon, who was a perfedl ideot, and died young > and of one 
 daughter named Lucy °. Soon after the death of Sir John 
 Davies, fhe was married to Sir Archibald Dowglas ; but feems 
 not to have lived very happy with either of her hulbands ; the 
 
 • She is faid by Mr. Phillips, in his a MS. life of her father (penes me) drawn 
 
 Thcatrum Poelaruni, to have been a lady up by Sir William Ic Neve, but in the 
 
 of great learning and accomplifhments. hand writing of Sir William Dugdale. 
 She was married to Fcrdinando Earl of 
 
 Huntingdon, who in the time of his Lucidavis oculos teneriperftrinxit amantis; 
 
 courtlhip complimented her with the fol- Nee tamen erravit, nam via dulcis erat. 
 lowing Latin Dillich, which I met with in 
 
 occafion 
 
272 MEMOIRS OF LADY 
 
 occafion of which being of a very fingular nature, and 
 known to but very few people, I fliall give it in her own words 
 (tho' often very myfterious) from an exceeding fcarce pamphlet, 
 which flie wrote and printed (by ftealth) with the following 
 title. I'be Lady ELEANOR her APPEAL. Prefent this to 
 Mr. Mace the Prophet of the mo/i High, his Mejfenger. Printed 
 in the year 1646. 410 without either printer's name, or place 
 where printed, contains forty pages ; and concludes with this 
 Anagram, 
 
 REVEAL O DANIEL. 
 ELEANOR AUDELEY. 
 
 " A few days before the death of King James, An, 1625, 
 " there came a Scotifli lad to this city, about the age of 
 " thirteen, one GEORGE CARR by name, otherwife called 
 " the dumb boy or Fortuneteller, fo term'd, that fpake not 
 " for fome fpace of time, with whom it was my hap, upon 
 " a vilit, to meet, where fome of them would needs fend for 
 " this boy ; although few more iealous of fuch acquaintance 
 " or fparing, yet able to difcern between fuch a one and im- 
 *' poftures, making bold before my departure thence, to dire 6t 
 " him the way to my houfe, where care fhould be taken of 
 " him, not the lefs becaufe a ftranger ; accordingly who there 
 " abode, where no fimple people, but expert and learned as 
 " any, try'd no few conclufions ; fome inftanced as here : 
 " Sometimes who would take the bible or a chronicle, and 
 " open it, and clofe it again, then caufe the aforefaid youth 
 " to fhew by figns and fuch like dumb demonftrations, what 
 *' was contained therein ; which things he fo exprefs'd and 
 •' a^ed, as were it a pfalm or verfe then feigned to fing, though 
 
 " faw 
 
 { 
 
ELEANOR DAVIE S. 273 
 
 " faw not a letter of the book ; and fometime that fuddenly 
 " behind him would blow a horn, whereat never fo much as 
 " changed his look, feemed fo hard of hearing. And again 
 " thus, to found him farther, one muft flop his ears fart, and 
 " then what two whifpered at the other end of the gallery, he 
 " muft declare what they fpake in the ear, as often as they 
 " pleafed feveral times. 
 
 " Having by this time gotten a whiftling voice, as plain as 
 " any can fpeak, like a bird ; before that had ufed figns for 
 " the fpace of three months, then no longer dumb and deaf. 
 
 " To conclude, whatfoever it were he able to manifeft it, 
 " whether contained in letters inclofed in cabinets, or by nuin- 
 " bering how many pence or pepper corns in a bag or box 
 " before it was opened, or any thing of that kind fit for the 
 " vulgar capacity too, or when he was brought into any place 
 " amongft rtrangers, one fhould write in feveral papers every 
 " ones name, and he muft give them accordingly to each his 
 " own name, at firft making as though he were in fome 
 '• doubt which way to beftow himfelf, where the chief divines 
 " of the city prefent, Ibme of them beftowing a ihilling on 
 " him, without farther confideration thought it futhcient &c. 
 " whilft others of that calling as liberal of their flanderous 
 " tongues ; that no longer might he be harboured in our 
 " houfe, liken'd to Fryer RUSH, fervants had fo incenfed 
 " their mafters, fetting all on fire, with juftices of peace and 
 " church-men, giving out he was a vagrant, a counterfeit, or 
 " a witch. Immediately upon which the I'pirit of prophefy 
 " falling likewife upon mc, then were all vexed worfc than 
 " ever, ready to turn the houfe upfide down, laying this to 
 " his charge too ; when laying afide houfliold cares all, and 
 " no converfation with any but the word of God, firft by con- 
 " ferencc with the prophet Daniel, c. 8. v. 13. I found out 
 
 " tliis 
 
2:74 MEMOIRS OF LADY 
 
 " this place" Then I heard 077e Snint fpeakif7g unto another Sainfy 
 faid unto that certaifi Saint which fpake (in the Orinal) to nvit^ 
 the jmmhsrer of fecrets, or the wonderful niunberer (Hebrew 
 PaImo7ii) How long the vifion concerning the daily, and the 
 trarfgrefjion tnakifig defolate, to give the hofe, Cic. And he 
 faid unto me, unto two thoufand and three hundred days, 
 fiall the fandfuary be clean fed. 
 
 " The fum of it is this, as much to fay, inquired of 
 " fuch a one that fpake not at firft, how long from the vifion 
 " before this prophefie fliall be revealed, or whether I fhould 
 " be able, &;c. as now about two thoufand two hundred years 
 *' complete fince the captivity, as here anfwered," O fon of 
 man, for at the time of the end it fall be : behold, I will 
 make thee hiow in the laft end of the indignation, for at 
 the time appointed fall be the end. '' Dan. cap. 8. Then 
 follow an account of her prophefies : fonie of which being 
 committed to writing, flie with her own hands delivered and 
 prefented them to Archbifliop Abbot, " which book (fays 
 " flie) was facrificed by my firfl hufband's hand ; thrown into 
 " the fire ; whofe doom I gave him in letters of his own 
 " name (John Daves, Joves Hand) within three years to 
 " expecfl the mortal blow ; fo put on my mourning garment 
 " from that time : when about three days before his fudden 
 " death, before all his fervants and friends at the table, gave 
 '* him pafs to take his long fleep, by him thus put off," 1 pray 
 weep not while I am aVrcc, and I will gize you leave to laugh 
 when I am dead. Accordingly which too foon came to pafs, 
 " for contrary to a folemn vow, within three months married 
 
 p The inaccuracy of thefe tranfcripts herfelf tells us, that (he was not allowed 
 
 from the book of Driiiiel, may be fuppofed the ufe of the Bible in the time of her 
 
 to have b--en occ:if.oned by her being confinement, 
 obliged to trull to her memory : for ihe 
 
 " to 
 
ELEANOR DAVIE S. 275 
 
 " to another hufband, who efcnped not fcotfree : he likewife 
 " burning my book another manufcript," A Remembrance to 
 the King, for beware grait Britains blow at hand. This her 
 fecond hulband (of whofe ill treatment, as well as of her lirll; 
 huiband's on account of her predictions, ihe makes great 
 complaints) died July 28th, 1644, aged 44, and was buried 
 in St. Pancras church. 
 
 " About two years after the marriage of King Charles, I 
 " (fays (lie) waiting on the Queen as flie came from mafs or 
 " evening fervice, All-Saints day, to know what fervice fhe 
 " pleafed to command me, tlic firrt queftion was, when Jhe 
 " Jhould be with child? I anfwered, Oportet habere tempus, in- 
 " terpreted by the Earl of Carlifle : and the next, wl.Hit fuc- 
 " cefs the Duke would have, who (the Queen laid) was intrench- 
 " ing, and much forwardnefs in ? Anfwered again, as for 
 " his honor, of that he would not bring home much, but 
 " his perfon fliould return in fafety with no little fpeed ; which 
 " to neither fide gave content, fatisfied not his friends, much 
 " lefs fuch as look'd after his death. 
 
 " Befidcs, [lliewing fhe fliould have a fon] told the Queen, 
 " for a time ihe lliould be happy, but how long faid flie ? I 
 " told her iixteen years, that was long enough. But by the 
 " King's coming in, our difcourfe interrupted, faying, he heard 
 " how I foretold my forjver hujhand cf his death fome three days 
 " before it : Said I, I told him of a certain fervant of your 
 " Majefties, one extraordinary proper, &c. that forthwith was 
 " to come upon earneft bufinefs to me ; and tliat he allced 
 " mc the next day before his dcatli, when I expefted my 
 " gentleman : To which his Majefly replied. That was the 
 " next way to break his heart, who was plealed fo much to 
 " commend my choice without expc<iling any. And fo that 
 " time twelve months the C^iecn conceived of a fon ; and 
 
 N a " although 
 
276 MEMOIRS OF LADY 
 
 " although had forgotten me, yet fome about her I informed, 
 " that her fon fhould go to chriflening and burying in a day. 
 " [coming before her time], 
 
 " And the Duke accordingly too mifcarrying, arrived fafely 
 " the week after I had been there." But whatever opinion 
 the Queen might have of Lady Eleanor's prophetic fpirit, his 
 Majefly appears to have been by no means pleafed with the 
 ufe flie made of it ; and therefore, upon her taking a houfe 
 at St. James's, fentMr. Kirk (one of his bed-chamber) to her, 
 to inform her of his difpleafure, and that, if fhe did not leave 
 off her prediftions in relation to his affiiirs, he would take ano- 
 ther courfe." To which (fays flie) my anfvver was, I would 
 ■" take my courfe againft him, namely Sir Archibald Dowglas, 
 " that had burnt my papers to purchafe his favour, and that 
 " he and all fhould know fhortly. 
 
 " In the conclufion Mr. Kirk faid. He was not carried with 
 " the vulgar ; but prayed me to tell hi?n whether the Kingfiould 
 " have a fon or no : unwilling to fend him empty away, affured 
 " him a fon, and a ftrong child ; which he not fparing to 
 " impart, accordingly folemnized with bonefires, &c." But 
 this fpirit of divination'^ proved extreamly unfortunate to her, 
 and occafioned her infinite vexation and trouble ; for, on ac- 
 count of fome more prophefies which fhe had got printed 
 abroad, and for drawing up a petition, &c. I find the follow- 
 ing order, 
 
 " From the court of White-hall, &c. 
 
 " His majefty doth exprefly command the Lord Arch- 
 ** bifhop'sGrace, and his commiffioners for caufes ecclefiaflicalj 
 •' that the petitioner be forthwith called before them for pre- 
 
 " fuming 
 
ELEANOR DAVIE S. 277 
 
 " fuming to imprint the faid book, and for preferring this de- 
 ** teflable petition. 
 
 " SIDNEY MONTAGUE.". 
 
 Of the proceedings agaiaft her fhe herfelf gives the follow- 
 ing account. " And of the forefaid reference, thus, fave 
 " reverence his grace the foreman of the jury, 1633, Odl. 23. 
 " command firft a candle, he that would not be warned; but 
 " faid," No more of that ; bur?tt the book, faying, my LorJs, 
 I have made you a fmoother of doomfdiiy, to be in fuch a year 
 about Candlemas ■•, till then Jl:e takes time enough : What fjall 
 icedo7iext'i " when with one voice." Let her be fined three 
 thoufand pounds, excommunicated, no bible allowed her, or pen 
 and ink, or ivoman fervant ; carry her aicay, " as by a war- 
 " rant under twelve hands, confined to the gatehoufefor ever, 
 " where kept a clofe prilbner for two years, the Lords day 
 " unknown from another, the reft for brevity and modefly 
 " fake difmified." 
 
 Dr. Heylin in his life of Archbiihop Laud ' gives us the 
 following relation concerning her. " And that the other fex 
 " (fays he) might whet their tongues upon him alfo, the Lady 
 " Davies, the widow of Sir John Davics Attorney General 
 " for King James in Ireland, fcattcrs a prophefy againll: him. 
 " This Lady had before fpoken fomething unluckily of the 
 " Duke of Buckingham, importing, that he fhould not live 
 " till the end of Auguit, which raifcd her to the reputation of 
 " ^ Cunning Woman amongil: the ignorant people: and now 
 " [1634] ihe prophcfies of the new Archbiihop, that he 
 
 ^ It ought (in juftice to the Lady) fte pred!i5lcd, viz. January lO, 1644. 
 to be oliferved, that the Archbifliop ' I'ait the ftcond, p. 26O. 
 
 died very near that time of the )ear which 
 
 N n 2 " fliould 
 
278 MEMOIRS OF LADY 
 
 f})ould live but few days after the fifth of November ; for 
 which and other prophefies of a more mifchievous nature, 
 flie was after brought into the court of high-commiffion ; 
 the woman being grown fo mad, that flie fancied the fpirit 
 of the prophet Datiiel to have been infufed into her body : 
 and this fhe grounded on an Anagram which fhe made of 
 her name, viz. ELEANOR DA VIES: REVEAL 
 O DANIEL. And though it had too much by an L, 
 and too Httle by an S j yet fhe found Daniel and Reveal in 
 it, and that ferved her turn. Much pains was taken by this 
 court to difpoffefs her of this fpirit ; but all would not do, 
 till Lamb, then dean of the arches, Ihot her through and 
 through with an arrow borrowed from her own quiver : 
 for whilft the Bilhops and Divines were reafoning the point 
 with her out of holy fcriptures, he took a pen into his 
 hand, and at laft hit upon this excellent Anagra7n, viz. 
 DAME ELEANOR DAVIES: NEVER SO MAD 
 A LADY : which having proved to be true by the rules 
 of art, madam faid he, I fee you build much on Anagrams^ 
 and I have found out one which I hope will fit you: This 
 faid, and reading it aloud, he put it into her hands in writ- 
 ing, which happy fancy brought that grave court into fuch 
 a laughter, and the poor woman thereupon into fuch a con- 
 fufion, that afterward flie grew either wifer, or v/as lefs 
 regarded." 
 
 Akho' what the Lady and the Doftor have delivered, may 
 appear to have been two cafes ; both from the chronology, and 
 the difagreement of their relations ; yet upon due reflection I 
 fancy both may be refolved into one. For wlien 'tis confidered 
 that (lie VN^as in durance in the year 1634, and her confinement 
 fo clofe and Arid that flie was not allowed the bible, pen, ink, 
 maid fervant, &;c. does it look probable that flie could then 
 
 write 
 
ELEANOR DAVIE S. 279 
 
 write and difperfe prophefies ? Or, if (he had been brought 
 out of prifon to have been examined about a fecond tranfgrelTion 
 of the fame nature; would not fhe herfelf, or the Archbifhop's 
 excellent champion and advocate Dr. Heylin, have taken notice 
 of it ? Befides, as the Dr. feems to have compofed his Cypri- 
 a?2U5 Anglicus, after he was blind, he might pofTibly trull: to 
 his memory in this affair, as thinking it a thing of no vaft im- 
 portance, which in all probability occafioncd thofe miftakes. 
 And fmce it appears from both, that her predidions relating to 
 ArchbiHiop Laud, were part of the caufes alleged againft her ; 
 from hence I am almoft tempted to conclude that thofe two 
 accounts, tho' differently related, are but one and the fmie 
 thing. 
 
 I miglit have added more of her predicftions from the above- 
 mentioned book, but perhaps enough, if not too much, has 
 been faid already upon this fuhjedl. I fliall only obfervc, that 
 notwithftanding the dodlor's fpeaking of her with fuch an air 
 of contempt ; and the fevere cenfure of the court of high- 
 commiffion ; yet others, and thofe men of no mean repute, 
 fpeak highly in her commendation. " As for her charader, 
 " there needs little more to be iaid, (fays the continuator of 
 " Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle ' ) than to repeat what has 
 " been delivered concerning her by the elegant pen of the 
 " learned Dr. Peter Du Moulin." She was (laith he) Ernditu 
 fupra fexurii, mitis infra fortem. Learned above her fcx, 
 bumble below her fortune, having a mind fo great and noble, that 
 prcfperity could not make it remifs, nor her dcepejl adverfity 
 caiife her to JJ:rink or difcover the leaf! pu/Ulanimity or dejeSlion 
 cffpirit; being full of the kve of God, to that fulnefs, the 
 f ml ling 'world could not add, nor the froicning jroni it detract. 
 
 ' p. 635. Edit. 1670. 
 
 " Ilcr.ce 
 
28o MEMOIRS, ^c. 
 
 " Hence, as from a living fpring, flowed a full ftream of 
 " chriftian graces, redounding to the benefit of many, as well 
 " as to her own comfort. She had a iinenefs of wit, but fo 
 •' tempered with prudence and confolation, that fhe early ad- 
 " difted her felf to ferious fpeculation, and the ftudy of divine 
 " truths : wherefore, fince our Saviour bids us examine (efpe- 
 " cially in thefe cafes) the tree by the fruit, we recommend 
 " it to the confideration of the judicious, whether a perfon fo 
 " qualified and fo addided, might not with mod equity be 
 " judged on this occafion, to have been favoured with fome 
 " beam of a divine knowledge of future things ; certain it is, 
 " that not only in the abovementioned, but in divers other 
 " events both of private and publick concernment, her pre- 
 " didlions proved undoubtedly true ; in the moft flourilbing 
 " condition of the nation fhe foretold its unparallel'd troubles* 
 " and in the depth of thofe troubles (lie foretold the happy re- 
 " ftoration to peace and fettlement, and in every one llie long 
 " before prefixed the time of their accomplifhment," 
 
 The year before her death flie got printed of her own com- 
 pofition, a pamphlet entitled. The Refiitution of Prophecy ; 
 that Buried Talent to be revived. By the Lady Eleanor. 
 Prifited in the year \6^\, 4to. It contains (befides the pre- 
 face) 52 pages, without either the printer's name, or place 
 where printed. 
 
 The greateft part of this trad: is very obfcure, excepting 
 thofe parts of it which are merely hiftorical, in which are faid 
 very fevere things againft the profecutors of herfelf, and her 
 family. 
 
 She died in the year 1652. 
 
 KATHE- 
 
MEMOIRS OF 281 
 
 KATHERINE CHIDLEY. 
 
 I can trace out but very little concerning this writer j who 
 appears to have been a mod violent independant ; and to 
 have fought as furioufly for that caufe, as ever did Penthcfdca 
 (the celebrated Amazonian Queen) in defence of the Trojans, 
 as is very evident from a treatife which flie wrote and publiHi'd 
 with the following title. The Jujlijicaflon of the hidepcndant 
 Churches ofChrijL Beijig an anjwer to Mr. Edivards his booke, 
 •which he hath 'written agaiiijl the government of Chrijl's Churchy 
 and toleration of Chrijl's publick ivorp.yp -, briefly declaring that 
 the cofigregations of the Saitits ought not to have depcndancie in 
 governtnent upon any other ; or direction in ivorfl:ip f? om any 
 other than Chrijl their head and law giver, by KATHERINE 
 CHIDLET, ^fo. 1 64 1. This pamphlet contains 81 pages 
 in a pretty fmall chara<fler, befides a preface and an anfwer to 
 Mr. Edwards's introdudion. Whether Mr. Edwards ever 
 anfwered this piece, I know not : But in his Gangrcena ' I find 
 the following words concerning this his female antagoniil. 
 " Katherine Chidley about Auguft laft came to Stepney, 
 " (where flie hath drawn fome people to Brown ifm) and was 
 " with Mr. Greenhill, where fhe with a great deal of Vie- 
 " lence and bitternefs fpake againft all minillers and people 
 l\ that meet in our churches, and in places where any idola- 
 
 • Parti, pages, 79, 80. Ed. Lond, 16^. jto. 
 
 '' trou3 
 
282 MEMOIRS, &c. 
 
 trous fervices have been performed : Mr. Greenhill anfwered 
 her by fcripture, and laboured to reduce to a fhort head all 
 flie had fpoken, afking her if this were not the fum, namely, 
 that it was unlawful to worfhip God in a place which had 
 been ufed or fet apart to idolatry, under the names of faints 
 and angels ; flie would not hold to the ftating of the quef- 
 tion, but running out, Mr. Greenhill to convince her, told 
 her that all England had been fet apart in this way and 
 manner to St. George, and Scotland to St. Andrew, and fo 
 other kingdoms to other Saints ; fo that by her grounds it 
 was unlawful to worfhip God in thefe, and fo by confe- 
 quence any where in the world ; but inftead of being 
 fatisfied or giving any anfwer, Hie was fo talkative and cla- 
 morous, wearying him with her words, that he was glad 
 to go away, and fo left her." Whether fhe wrote any 
 thing more, or what became of her afterwards, I know not. 
 
 ELIZABETH 
 
MEMOIRS OF 2S3 
 
 ELIZABETH 
 
 COUNTESS OF BRIDGWATER. 
 
 ELIZABETH Countefs of Bridgwater, has fuch an ex- 
 traordinary charadier given of her in her monumental 
 infcription, that being come to that period of time in which 
 flie hved, I am unwilHng to pafs her over in filence. I have 
 fearched very carefully, tho' inefFe<flually, for fome concurrent 
 teflimonies of her merit : but as I cannot add any thing to the 
 account given of her, in her epitaph, fo neither will it be 
 thought much wanting, in the opinion of thofe who are fo 
 candid as to fuppofc that infcription to have been drawn up, 
 rather with a view of doing juftice, than of doing honour to 
 her memory. I Ihall therefore tranfcribe it as I find it printed 
 in Sir Henry Chauncey's Hiftory and Antiquities of Hertford- 
 fiire ", and Mr. Collins's Peerage ", from a monument in the 
 church at Gaddefden in that county. 
 
 " pages, 55J, 556. * Vol. I. pages, 609, 610. 
 
 O o D. D. 
 
284 MEMOIRS OF ELIZABETH 
 
 D. D. 
 
 To the facred memory of the late trmifcendently virtuous Lady, 
 flow glorioles Sainty the Right Homural>/e Elizabeth, Coun- 
 tefs oj Bridgwater. 
 
 She was fecond daughter to the Right Honourable William, 
 Marquis of Newcajlle, and wife to the Right Honourable John, 
 Earl oj Bridgwater, and whofe family pe hath enriched with 
 a hopeful ifue, fix fons, viz. John Vif count Brackley, her 
 eldcft ; Sir William Egerton, jecond fon, both Knights of the 
 honourable order of the Bath ; Mr, "thomas Egerton, her third; 
 Mr. Charles Egerton, her fourth ; Mr. Henry Egerton, her 
 fifth ; Mr. Steward Egerton, her fixth fon ; and three daughters, 
 viz. Mrs. Frances Egerton, her eldefl ; the Lady Elizabeth, 
 her fecond ; aiid the Lady Catherine Egerton her third daughter, 
 lies here interred, dying in their infancy ; the reft are ftill the 
 living fixtures of their deceafed fnother, and the only remain- 
 ing comforts of their difconfolate father. 
 
 She was a Lady in whom all the accompli foments both of body 
 and mind, did concur to make her the glory of the prefent, arid 
 example of future ages : Her beauty was fo zinparallel' d, that 
 it is as much beyond the art of the moft elegant pen, as it jur- 
 paffeth the fill oj fever al the moji exquifite penfils (that at- 
 tempted it) to defer i be, and not to difparage it : fe had a win- 
 7iing, and an attraBive behaviour, a charming difcourfe, a moft 
 obliging cojjvefjation : fhe was fo courteous and affable to all 
 perfons, that fte gained their love, yet ?iot fo familiar to ex- 
 pofe herfelfto contempt : ftje was of a ?2oble and generous foul, 
 yet of fo fneek and humble a difpojition, that never any woman 
 of her quality was greater in the world's opinion, and lejs in 
 her own 5 the rich at her table daily tafted her hojpitality ; the 
 
 poor 
 
COUNTESS OF BRIDGWATER. 285 
 
 ppor at her gate her charity ; her devotion mojl exemplary, ifjiot 
 inimitable ; ivitnefs (befuies federal other occafional meditations 
 atid prayers full of the holy tranfports and raptures oj a 
 fanSlifed foul) her divine meditations upon every particular 
 chapter in the bible, -written with her own hand, and never ('till 
 fwce her death) feen by any eye but her own, a?id her then dear, 
 but nowforrowful bufand, to the admiration both of her emi- 
 nent piety in compofwg, and of her modcjly in concealing. 
 Then foe was a moji affedlionate and obferving wife to her huf- 
 ba?jd, a ??io/i tender and indulgent mother to her children, a m'o/l 
 kind afid bountiful mijlrefs to her family. In a word, Jl:e was 
 fo fupcrlatively good, that language is too narrow to exprefs 
 her deferved charaBer j her death was as religious as her life 
 was virtuous : On the li^th day of June, in the year of our 
 Lord, ibbi, of her own age 37, Jhe exchanged her earthly 
 coronet for an heavenly crown. 
 
 Prov. 31. 28, 29. 
 
 " Her children rife up and call her bleffed, her 'hulband alfo, 
 " aiid he praifeth her : 
 
 " Many daughters have done virtuoufly, but thou excell- 
 « efl them all" 
 
 To make her chanidler more confummate, I will add, 
 that her noble Lord delired no other memorial of liimfelf 
 after his deceafe, but only this. 
 
 That having (in the igth year of his age) married the Lady 
 Elizabeth Cavendish, daughter to tie then Earl, fwce 
 Marquefs, and after that Duke of Newcajlle, he did en joy fal- 
 
 t) o 2 ,„oJi 
 
286 MEMOIRS, &c. 
 
 mojl 2 2 years) all the happinefs that a man could receive in 
 the fweet fociety of the beji of wives, till it pleafed God, in 
 the j\.^tb year of his age, to change his great felicity into as 
 great mifery, by depriving him of his truly loving and intirely 
 beloved wife, who was all his worldly blifs ; after which time 
 hu7nbly fiibmitting to, and waiting on the will and pleafure of 
 the Almighty, he did forrowfully wear out 23 years 4 months 
 and 11 days, and then oji the ibth day of OSlober, in the year 
 of our Lord, 1686, and in the 6^th year of his own age, 
 yielded up his foul into the merciful hand of God who gave it. 
 
 KATHE> 
 
MEMOIRS OF 287 
 
 KATHERINE PHILIPS. 
 
 KATHERINE PHILIPS, the celebrated GRIND A, 
 was the daughter of John Fowler of Bucklerfhury in 
 in London, Merchant, by Katherine his wife, daughter of 
 Daniel Oxenbridge Dr. of Phylic ; was born in the parifli 
 of St. Mary Wool-church in London % and was baptized 
 there, on the eleventh of January, 1631. Mr. Aubrey tells 
 us (in a MS. of his, in Mr. Aflimole's ftudy, num. 18. fol. 23.) 
 that flie had the early part of her education from her couiin 
 Mrs. Blacket. At eight years of age, flie was removed to a 
 fchool at Hackney, and foon made great improvements under 
 the care of Mrs. Salmon ; fo great, that whoever reads the 
 account that Mr. Aubrey gives of her at that time of her life, 
 will look upon all her fucceeding progrefs in learning, to be 
 no more than what might juftly be expedled. He tells us, 
 " that flie was very apt to learn ; and made verfes when flie . 
 " was at School ; that flie devoted herfelf to religious duties 
 " when flic was very young : that flie would then pray by 
 " herfelf an hour together : that flie read the bible through 
 •' before flie was full four years old : that flie could fay by 
 
 " So Mr. Wood in his Ath. Oxon. Vol. age. This account brings her birth two 
 
 II. Coll. 402, and 403. But Mr. Giles years later than Mr. Wood h.is placed it, 
 
 \z^ohva\(\%Li'va of the Engrijh Poets, \o\. viz, 1633. But I chufe to follow Mr. 
 
 I. p. 201. (by what authority I know not) Wood's account, as moft authentic, be- 
 
 fays that fhe was born in Brecknockthire ; caufe taken from the parifh regifter. 
 and that fhe died in the 3 lit. year of her 
 
 " heart 
 
288 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " heart many chapters, and paffages of fcripture : was a fre- 
 " quent hearer of lermons, which (he would bring away in- 
 " tire in her memory ; and would take fermons verbatim, 
 " when flie was but ten years old." She became afterwards 
 a perfect miftrefs of the French tongue j and learned the Ita- 
 lian under the tuition of her ingenious and worthy friend Sir 
 Charles Cottrell. She was inftrudted in the prefbyterian prin- 
 ciples, which fhe deferted, as appears by her writings, as foon 
 as ihe became capable of judging for herfelf ; and afterwards 
 became a great Royalift, and faithful daughter of the church 
 of England. She was married to James Philips of the Priory 
 of Cardigan, Efq; about the year 1647. By this gentleman fhe 
 had one fon, who died in his infancy; and one daughter, 
 
 married to Wogan, Efq; a gentleinan of Pembrokefhire. 
 
 She proved a moll: excellent wife, not only by a ftridl obfer- 
 vance of all conjugal duties, but in being highly ferviceable to 
 him in affairs, in which few wives are fuppofed capable of 
 ferving their hufbands : for his fortune being much encumbred, 
 flie by her powerful interefl with Sir Charles Cottrell, and 
 other great friends ; and by her good fenfe, and excellent way 
 of negotiating his affairs, did, in the few years flie lived with 
 him, in a great meafure extricate him out of the embarraf- 
 ments and difficulties in which he was involved. In a letter to 
 Sir Ch. Cottrell • , having fpoke of her huiband in the moft 
 i-efped:ful terms, and of his willingnefs to forward her journey 
 to London, in order to fettle his perplex'd affairs, flie adds, — 
 " And I hope God will enable me to anfwer his expediations, 
 " by making me an inftrument of doing him fome handfome 
 " fervice, which is the only ambition I have in the world, 
 " and which I would pur chafe with the hazard of my life. 
 
 y See her Litters, p. 243. 
 
 ^' I am 
 
KATHERINE PHILIPS. 289 
 
 " I am exceedingly obliged to my Lady Cork for remembring 
 " me with fo much indulgence, for her great defire to be 
 " troubled with my company ; but above all, for her readi- 
 " nefs to afllft my endeavours for A N T E N O R % which is 
 " the mofl: generous kindnefs can be done me." 
 
 As fhe was born with a genius to poetry, fo flic began to 
 improve it early in life, and compofed many poems upon va- 
 rious occafions for her own amufement in her rccefs at Car- 
 digan, and retirement elfewhere. Thefc being difperfed 
 among her friends and acquaintance, were by an unknown 
 hand collected together and publiflied in 8vo. 1663, without 
 her knowledge or confent. This ungenteel and ungenerous 
 treatment, proved fo oppreffive to her great modefty, that it 
 gave her a fevere fit of illnefs. Upon this occafion flie poured 
 out her complaints in a long letter ' to Sir Ch. Cottrell, in 
 which flie laments in a molt affefting manner the misfortune, 
 and the injuries which had been done to her, by this fur- 
 reptitious edition of her poems. 
 
 Her remarkable humility'', good nature, and agreeable con- 
 verlixtion, greatly endeared her to all her acquaintance ; and 
 her ingenious and elegant writings, procured her the fricnd- 
 fliip and correfpondence of many learned and eminent men, 
 and of perfons of the firft rank in England : and upon lier 
 going into Ireland with the Vifcountefs of Dungannon, to 
 tranfadt her hufbands af?c\irs there, her great merit foon made 
 her known to, and erteemed by, thofe illuilrious peers Ortnond, 
 Orrery, Rofcommon, and many other perfons of liidint^tion, 
 who paid a great deference to her worth and abilities, and 
 fliewed her fingular marks of their ellecm. While flie was 
 
 * A feigned name, by which flic iifcd edit, of her works. Alfo in her collection 
 to call hcr'hulhand. of Letters, p. 227. And likewife in tlie 
 
 » Printed in the preface to the folio Cciuial Diiliniary Art. Philips. 
 
 in 
 
290 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 in that Kingdom, at the preffing importunity of the above- 
 mentioned noblemen, but more particularly Lord Rofcommon, 
 flie tranflatcd out of the French of Corneille into Englifli the 
 Tragedy called Poiiipey, which was brought upon the Irifh 
 ftage fomewhat againft her inclination : however, it was fe- 
 veral times acted in the new theatre there with very great 
 applaufe in the year 1663 and 64, in which lafl: year it was 
 made publick. It was afterwards adled with great commenda- 
 tion at the Duke of York's Theatre, 1678. This play is dedi- 
 cated to the Countefs of Cork. Lord Rofcommon wrote the 
 prologue, wherein he thus compliments the ladies and the 
 tranflator. 
 
 — You bright nymphs, give Ca;far leave to woo. 
 The greatefb wonder of the world, but you ; 
 And hear a Mufe, who has that Hero taught 
 To fpeak as gen'roully, as e'er he fought. 
 Whofe eloquence from fuch a Theme deters 
 All tongues but Englifli, and all Pens but hers. 
 By the juft Fates your fex is doubly bleft, 
 You conquer'd Csfar, and you praife him befl. 
 
 She alfo tranflated from the French of Corneille, a Tragedy 
 called Horace. Sir John Denham added a fifth adl to this 
 play, which was reprefented at court by perfons of quality. 
 The Duke of Monmouth fpoke the prologue in which are 
 thefe lines. 
 
 So foft, that to our fliame we underftand 
 They could not fall but from a lady's hand. 
 Thus while a woman Horace did tranflate, 
 Horace did rife above the Roman fate. 
 
 Imuft 
 
KATHERINE PHILIPS. 291 
 
 I muft not forget to add that while flie was in Ireland, (he 
 was very happy in carrying on a former intimacy with the 
 famous Dr. Jeremy Taylor, the worthy Biiliop of Down and 
 Connor ; who Jiad Ibme time before done her mucin honour 
 by writing and publilhing yl Difcourfi of the nature, offices and 
 weafurcs of friend/hip, with rules of conducing it. In a letter 
 to the moft ingenious and excellent Mrs. KATHERINE 
 t*HILIPS\ 'Tis polliblc his acquaintance with Mrs. 
 Philips might contribute much towards the good opinion he 
 entertained of the female fex : 'tis certain he was a great ad- 
 vocate for them ; and, as fo woVthy and grave a prelate cannot 
 be fuppofed, even when writing to a Lady, to deal in compli- 
 ments only, and not to fpeak his real fentimcnts ; I am per- 
 fwaded my female readers will not be difpleaicd with me, if 
 I here infert at length a paragraph from the difcourfe, it being 
 fo valuable a teltimony of their merit. " But by the way 
 Madam, you may fee how much I differ from th'e morofity 
 of thole Cynics who would not admit your fex into the 
 communities of a noble friendfliip. I believe fome wives 
 have been the bcft friends in the world ; and few ftorics can 
 out-do the noblenefs and piety of that Lady that Uick'd 
 the poifonous purulent matter from the wound of our brave 
 prince in the Holy-Land, when an alfalline had pierced liim 
 with a venom'd arrow : and if it be told that women can- 
 not retain counfell, and therefore can be no brave friends ; I 
 can beft confute them by the ftory of Porcia, who being 
 fearful of the weaknefs of her fex, ftabbcd herfclf into the 
 thigh to try how flie could bear pain; and finding her fclf" 
 conllant enough to that fufferance, gently chid her Brutus 
 
 «> This letter was firft printed in twelves editions of his PolcmUa! m,J moral Jit- 
 J&59. And afterwards in the fcveral coui/es. 
 
 P p " for 
 
292 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " for not daring to truft her, fince now flie perceived that no 
 " torment could wreft that fecret from her, which fhe hoped 
 " might be entrufted to her. If there were not more things 
 " to be faid for your fatisfadtion, I could have made it dif- 
 " putable whether have been more illuftrious in their friend- 
 " fhip men or women ? I cannot fay that women are capable 
 " of all thofe excellencies by which men can oblige the world j 
 " and therefore a female friend in fome cafes is not fo good a 
 " counfellor as a wife man, and cannot fo well defend my 
 " honour ; nor difpofe of reliefs and affiftances if fhe be un- 
 " der the power of another: but a woman can love as 
 " paffionately, and converfe as pleafantly, and retain a fecret 
 " as faithfully, and be ufeful in her proper minifteries ; and 
 " file can die for her friend as well as the braveft Roman 
 " Knight ; and we find that fome perfons have engaged them- 
 " felves as far as death upon a lefs interefl than all this amounts 
 " to : fuch were the \v^<a?.tfAa.loi as the Greeks call them, the 
 " Devcti of a prince or general, the affaflines amongft the 
 " Saracens, the 'XoXi^moi amongfl the old Galatiam : they 
 " did as much as a friend could do j and if the greateft fervices 
 " of a friend can be paid for by an ignoble price, we cannot 
 " grudge to vertuous and brave women that they be partners 
 " in a noble friendiliip, fince their converfation and returns 
 " can add Co many moments to the felicity of our lives : and 
 " therefore though a knife cannot enter as far as a fword, yet 
 " a knife may be more ufeful to fome purpofes ; and in every 
 " thing except it be againft an enemy. A man is the befl 
 " friend in trouble, but a woman may be equal to him in the 
 " days of joy : A woman can as well increafe our comforts, 
 " but cannot fo well lefTen our forrows : and therefore we do 
 " not carry women with us when we go to fight ; but in 
 " peaceful cities and times, vertuous women are the beauties 
 
 " of 
 
K A T H E R I N E PHILIPS. 29:; 
 
 " of fociety, and the prettincfTcs of friendfliip. And when 
 " we confidcr that few perfons in the world have all thofe 
 " excellencies by which friendfliip can be ufeful and illuftrious, 
 " we may as well allow women as men to be friends ; fince 
 " they have all that can be neceflary and effcntial to friendfliips, 
 " and tbefc cannot have all by which friendfliips can be acci- 
 " dentally improved ; in all fomc abatements will be made ; 
 " and we flial! do too much honour to women, if we rejedt 
 " them from friendfliips becaufe they are not perfedl : for 
 " if to friendfliips we admit imperfedl men, becaufe no man 
 " is perfed : he that rejeds women does find fiult with them 
 " becaufe they are not more perfecft then men, which either 
 " does fecretly aflirm that they ought and can be perfedt, or 
 " clfe it openly acculcs men of Injufl:iceand partiality \" It 
 is now time to return to Mrs. Philips, who left Ireland July 
 15, 1663, and went to Cardigan, where flie fpent the remain- 
 ing part of that, and the beginning of the next year, in a 
 fort of melancholy retirement ', occafioned (perhaps) by the 
 bad fuccefs of her hulband's affairs : And going to London 
 in order to relieve her opprelfed fpirits, with the converlatioa 
 of her friends there, flie was feized by the fmall-pox, and 
 died of it in Fleet-flreet, to the great grief of all her acquain- 
 tance, in the 33d year of her age, and was buried June 22, 
 1664, in the church of St. Bennet Sherchog at the end of 
 Syth's Lane in London, under a large monumental ilone where 
 fcveral of iier ancefl:ors were before buried. 
 
 Mr. Aubrey in his manufcript abovementioned, obferves, 
 that her perfon was of a middle llature, pretty fat, and ruddy 
 complcxioned, 
 
 « Vid. his CoUcSlion of Polemical atid ^ Vid. her hftun, pages, i86, iS"-, 
 Moral Di/courfcs, p. 66o. i8S, 20£, 215, &c. 
 
 P P 2 Soon 
 
294 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Soon after her death, her poems and tranflations were col- 
 lefted and publiflied in a volume in folio, with the following 
 title. Poems by the mo ft. defervedly admired Mrs. Kntherine Philips, 
 the mat chiefs ORINDA. To which is added Monfmir Cor- 
 72e!/Ie's Pompey, and Horace; Tragedies. With feveral other 
 franf.ations out of French, London, 1667, with her pidlure, a 
 /lioulder piece, before them flanding on a pedeftal, on which 
 is infcribed ORINDA. It was printed again at London, 1678. 
 
 In a colleftion of letters publifhed by Mr. Thomas Brown^ 
 in 1697, ^'■^ printed four letters from Mrs. Philips, to the 
 honourable BERENICE : beginning at page 138, and con- 
 tain 18 pages. And in one of her letters to Poliarchus 
 (p. 146.) ihe herfelf tells us, that two or three of her poems, 
 were publiHied in a Mifcellaneous ColleBion of Poems. As this 
 colleftion was printed in Ireland, 1 have not been able to pro- 
 cure a fight of the book 5 I can therefore give no farther ac- 
 count of them. 
 
 Many years after her death were publiilied a volume of ex- 
 cellent letters from Mrs. Philips to Sir Charles Cottrell, with 
 the enfuing title, Letters jrom Orinda to Poliarchus, 
 ^vo. Lond. 1705. Major Pack in his EJfay on Study, inferted 
 in his Mifcellanies, gives the following charad:er of thefe letters, 
 " The beft letters I have met with in our Englifli Tongue, 
 " are thofe of the celebrated Mrs. Philips to Sir Charles 
 " Cottrell. As they are directed all to the fame perfon, fo 
 " they run all in the fame ftrain, and feem to have been em- 
 " ployed in the fervice of a refined and generous friendfhip. 
 " In a word,, they are fuch as a woman of fpirit and virtue- 
 *' fliould write to a courtier of honour and true gallantry." 
 
 The memory of this ingenious Lady has been honoured 
 with many encomiums ; the induflrious Mr. Langbaln 
 
K A T H E R I N E PHILIPS. 295 
 
 fays, " ' fhe was one that equalled the Lefbian Sappho, and 
 " Roman Sulpicia : and as they were praifcd by Horace, 
 " Martial, Aufonius,, and other antient poets $ fo was this 
 " Lady commended by the Earls of Orrery, Rofcommon, 
 " Cowley, and other eminent poets." 
 
 Mr. Thomas Rowe in his E/>i/I/e to Daphnis ', pays the 
 following tribute to her fame. 
 
 At lafl ('twas long indeed ! ) Orinda came, 
 To ages yet to come an ever-glorious name j 
 To virtuous Themes her well-tun'd lyre fhe flrun'^, 
 Of virtuous Themes in eafy numbers fung. 
 Horace and Pompey in her lines appear 
 With all the w-orth that Rome did once revere;. 
 Much to Corneille they owe, and much to her : 
 Her thoughts, her numbers, and her fire the fame 
 She foar'd as high, and equal'd all his fame ; 
 Tho' France adores the Bard, nor envies Greece 
 The coftly bufkins of her Sophocles. 
 More we expedled, but untimely death 
 Soon flopt her rifmg glories with her breath. 
 
 And the anonymous author of a letter printed in the fecond^ 
 volume of the Duke of Wharton's Works, gives the follow- 
 ing charader of Mrs. Philips, and her writings. " I Jiave 
 
 " look'd a little into Mrs. Philips, and 'tis not tiie firft time I- 
 " have been wonderfully pleafed with her folid, mafculine 
 
 *■ jicccufit of the Dranatick Poets, Mid. his P»c«; printed at the er.d of the- 
 P- 403- fccond vol. of Mis. Rowes Works, p. 278,- 
 
 thoughtSj- 
 
296 MEMOIRS OF, &;c. 
 
 thoughts, in no feminine expreflion. — Her refined and rati- 
 onal thoughts of friendlliip which is-a fubjedt flie very much 
 delights in, fliow a foul much above the common level of 
 mankind, and mightily raife my defire of pradtifing what 
 (he fo nobly defcribes. I am of opinion that any perfon's 
 humour and difpofition appears as much or mere in their 
 writings, than in their converfation ; and I would never 
 defire a better charadler of any one, than what I could learn 
 from their own pen, where it ran without reftraint, or any 
 particular byafs. And though I know nothing of Mrs. 
 Philips, but what I have learned from her own poems, I 
 am confident flie was difcreet, good-humour'd, modeft, 
 conftant and virtuous, as well as ingenious. Her Country 
 Life is fo fweet a poem, and fprinkled with fuch profound 
 philofophical thoughts, expreffed in eafy poetical language, 
 or elfe by a kind of fympathy it fuits fo well with my fenti- 
 ments and inclinations, that tho' I have read feveral poems 
 in more languages than one upon the fame fiibjeft, yet I 
 don't know where to find a better." 
 To thefe various praifes I muft not omit to add, that fhe was 
 of a generous and charitable difpofition, as appears by her fo 
 kindly taking into her protedlion her Godfon, Mr. Charles 
 Howel \ 
 
 * Vid. Wood's Ath. Oxon, Vol. II. Col. 1138. Edit. 1721. 
 
 ANNE 
 
M E M O I R S O F 297 
 
 ANNE WHARTON. 
 
 ANNE WHARTON, a Lady eminent for her excellent 
 genius and poetical talent, in the reign of King Charles 
 the I'econd, was the daughter and coheirefs of Sir Henry Lee, 
 of Ditchley in Oxfordfliire, who having no fon, left his eflate 
 to be divided between this Lady and her fifler the Countefs of 
 Abingdon, whofe memory Mr, Dryden has celebrated in a 
 funeral panegyric intitled, ELEONORA. She was the firfl 
 wife of Thomas Wharton, Efq; afterwards Marquis of Whar- 
 ton, by whom flie had no iflue. In 1681, flie was in France 
 on account of her health, as appears from feveral letters to her 
 hufband. About the year 16S2, llie held a corrcfpondencc 
 by letters with Dr. Gilbert Burnet, many of which are made 
 publick. Dr. Burnet wrote feveral poems which he fcnt to her, 
 among which are the following, The Sccre(s of Friciidfiip : 
 Upcn the Creation : Pure Love : Loves Magnet ifm : FricnJjlips 
 Myfteries : A Congratiilatio7i upon his return to a retired Cour/l' 
 of Life : And a Partiphmfe on the 53^ Chapter of Ifaiah in 
 ifnitaticn of Mrs. Anne iVharton. This Lady among other 
 poems wrote A Paraphrafe on the Lamentations of Jeremiah, 
 which, as appears from a note prefixed to the original manu- 
 fcript, was begun at Paris March the 2 I ft, 1 680-1, and ended 
 April the 2d, following. Alfo, A Paraphrafe on the Lord's 
 Prayer : Verfes to Mr. IValkr : And, An Elegy on the Death 
 
 of 
 
298 I\I E M O I R S O F &c. 
 
 of' the Earl of Kocbefler. Upon which laft; piece Mr. Waller 
 wrote a copy of verfes to her, as likewife another upon her 
 Paraphrafe ofi the Lord's Prayer : And his two Cantoes of 
 Divine Poefy were occafioned upon fight of her Paraphrafe on 
 tlx z^^d Chapter of Ifaiah. The mother of John Wilmot, Earl 
 of Rochefter, was aunt to this Lady's father ; for which reafon 
 Mr. Waller fays they were ally'din genius and in blood. Thus 
 for the authors of the General DiBionary. But befides the 
 abovementioned poems, which have been feveral times printed, 
 ihe tranflated into Englifli the Epi/ile of Penelope to Ulyjfes. 
 which is printed in Tonfon's Ovid, p. 119. Ed. Lond. 171 6. 
 Alfo, Verfes on the fmiff of a Candle, made in fiicknefs, printed 
 in Mr. Dryden's Mtfcellany, Vol. I. p. 144. 
 
 I can only add from the regifter of Winchinden, that flie 
 died at Adderbury Oft. the 29th, 1685, and was buried at 
 Winchinden the tenth of November following. 
 
 MARGARET 
 
MEMOIRS OF 299 
 
 MARGARET 
 
 DUTCHESS OF NEWCASTLE. 
 
 MARGARET Dutclicfs of Newcaftle was born at St. 
 John's near Colchcfler in Eflex, about the latter end 
 of the reign of King James the firft ; and was the youngefl 
 daughter of Sir Charles Lucas, a gentleman of great fpirit and 
 fortune, who died when fhe was very young. Her mother 
 was remarkably careful in the education of this and her other 
 daughters, giving them all the polite accomplinmients in which 
 young Ladies are generally inflrudled ; as needle-work, dan- 
 cing, mufick, and learning the French tongue. She was her- 
 felf a woman of excellent charadler, which this her daughter, 
 when fhe came to employ herlelf in writing, endeavoured to 
 do juftice to '. She had from her infancy a natural inclination 
 to learning, and fpent fo much of her time in lludy, and 
 writing, that 'tis to be lamented flie had not the advantage of 
 an acquaintance with the learned languages, which would have 
 
 ' Sec her book intitleJ Xat;,n's PiSures has faid very high things, both of tlie 
 Jraivi! by Fancies Pencill to the Life Fol. exquifite beauty of her perfon, and rare 
 i.ond. 1656, pages 377, &c. where flie cmlowmeiits of her mind. 
 
 0^4 extended 
 
300 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 extended her knowledge, refined her genius, and have been of 
 infinite fervice to her in the many compofitions and pro- 
 ducftions of her pen. 
 
 In 1643, fhe obtained leave of her mother to go to Oxford, 
 where the court then refided, and w^as made one of the maids 
 of honour to Henrietta Maria, the royal confort of King 
 Charles the firft. And when the Queen by her rebellious fub- 
 iedls was unhappily forced to leave England and go to her na- 
 tive country, flie attended her thither. At Paris flie met with 
 the Marquis of Newcaftle, then a widower, who admiring 
 her perfon, difpofition, and ingenuity, was married to her in 
 that place An. 1645. From Paris they went to Rotterdam, 
 where they refided fix months. From thence they returned to 
 Brabant unto the city of Antwerp, where they fettled and con- 
 tinued during the time of their exile ; chufing it as the moft 
 plealant and quiet place to retire to, and enjoy the remainder 
 of their ruined fortunes. She proved a mofh agreeable com- 
 panion to the Marquis in this his melancholy recefs, as well 
 by her writings, as converfiition, as appears by the many com- 
 pliments and addrefi'es which he made her on thofe occafions. 
 
 She came into England in order to obtain fome of the 
 MarquifiT's rents to fupply their prefling necefiities, and pay the 
 debts they had contradled there ; and accordingly went with 
 Lord Lucas her brother to Goldfmith's-hall, but could not 
 procure a grant from thofe voracious faints, to receive one 
 penny out of the Marquifl^'s vaft inheritance : and had it not 
 been for the feafonable generofity of Sir Charles Cavendifli 
 (who greatly diminiflied his own fortune to fupport his brother 
 in his diftrefs) they muft have been expofed to extreme poverty. 
 Having got a confiderable fum from her own, and the Mar- 
 quifl^'s relations, flie returned to Antwerp, where flie continued 
 with her Lord till the happy refloration of King Charles the 
 
 fecond. 
 
DUTCHESS OF NEWCASTLE. 301 
 
 fecond. Upon which, the Marquis, after fixteen years banifli- 
 ment, made immediate preparation for his return to his native 
 country; leaving his Lady behind him to difpatch his affairs 
 there ; who having managed them to general fatisfadion, ilie 
 foon followed lier confort into England, where flie fpent much 
 of the remaining part of her life in compofing and writing 
 letters, plays, poems, philofophical difcourfes, and orations. 
 Mr. Giles Jacob fay?, ' (he was the moft voluminous dramatick 
 writer of our female poets j that flie had a great deal of wit, 
 and a more than ordinary propenfity to dramatick poetry. And 
 Mr. Langbain tells us, tliat all the language and plots of her 
 plays were her own ; which is a commendation preferable to 
 fame built on other people's foundation, and will very well 
 atone for fome faults in her numerous produdions, 
 
 A catalogue of all her ^^•orks which have come to my 
 knowledge. ■' 
 
 1. The Worlds Olio. Which I have not yet feen. 
 
 2. Nature's PiSlure, dr/iiim by Fancie's Pencil, to the Life 
 Written by the thrice Noble, Illujlrious, and Excellent Princefs 
 the Lady Marchionefs of Newcajlle. In this vol. there are 
 
 Je^ccral Jeigncd /lories of Natural Defcriptions, as Comical 
 Tragical, and Tragicomical, Poetical, Romancical, Philofophical 
 and Hijloncal, both in Profe and Verfe, fome all verfe. Lie all 
 Profe, fome mixt, partly Profe and partly Verfe. Alfo there 
 are fome Morals, and fome Dialorrues ; but they are 'as the 
 advantage Loaf of Bread to the Bakers dozen, and a true 
 Story at the latter end, ivhcrcin there is no feigning Lon- 
 don, 1656. Pol. 
 
 ^ Lives of the Vocts, Vol. J. p. igo. 
 
 Q^q 2 ^. Orations 
 
302 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 3. Orations of Dinjers forts, accommodated to divers Places. 
 Written by, &c. the Lady Marchionefs of Newcajile. FoL 
 London, 1662. 
 
 4. Plays. Written by, &c. the Lady Marchionefs of New- 
 cajile, London, 1662. 
 
 5. Philofophical and Phyfical Opinions. Written by, &c. 
 the Lady Marchionefs of Newcaftle. London, 1663. Fol. 
 
 6. Obfervations upon Experime7ital Philofophy : To which is 
 added, the Defcription of a new World. Written by, &c. the 
 Dtitchcfs of Newcajfle. 2d. Edit. London, 1668. Fol. Mr. 
 James Briftow began to tranflate fome of thofe philofophical 
 difcourfes into the Latin tongue. Vid. Ath. Oxon, Vol. IL 
 Col. 835. _ 
 
 7. Philofophical Letters or Modejl RefeBtons upon fome opi- 
 nions in Natural Philofophy, maint allied by feveral famous and 
 learned Authors of this Age, exprefed by way of Letters : 
 by, &c, the Lady MarchioJiefs of Newcaftle. London, 
 1664. Fol. 
 
 8. Poems and Phancies. ffritten by, &c. the Lady 
 Marchionefs of Newcaftle. The fecond ImpreJJion, much altred 
 and correiled. London, 1664. Fol. 
 
 9. CCXL Sociable Letters. Written by, &c. the Lady 
 Marchionefs of Newcafle. London. 1664. Fol. 
 
 10. The Life of the thrice Noble, High and Puijfant Prince 
 William Cave?idife, Duke, Marquifs, and Earl of Newcaftle ; 
 Earl of Ogle ; Vifcount Mansfield ; and Baron of Bolfover, of 
 Ogle, Bothal and Hepple : Gentleman of his Majejif s Bed- 
 chamber, one of his Maje/lies mofl honourable Privy Councel ; 
 Knight of the mojl noble Order of the Garter: His Maiejlies 
 Lieutenant of the County and Town ofNottinghatn, and fu/lice 
 in Ayre Trent North : who had the Hojiour to be Governour 
 to our moft Glorious King and Gracious Sovereign, in his 
 
 Youth, 
 
DUTCHESS OF NEWCASTLE. 303 
 
 Touth, ivhen be was Prince of Wales ; and foon after -was made 
 Captain General of all the Provinces beyond the River of Trent, 
 and other Parts of the Kingdom of England, with Power, 
 by a fpecial CommiJJion, to make Knights. Written by the 
 Thrice Noble, Illuflrioiis, and excellent Princefs, Margaret 
 Diitchcfs of Newcajlle, his Wife. Fol. Lond. 1667. 
 
 This work, (which Mr. Langbain ftiles the crown of her 
 labours ' ) was trandated into Latin, and printed with the fol- 
 lowing title, De Pita et Rebus Gefis Nobilifimi Illuflrifimiqiie 
 Principis, Guliehni, Ducis Novo-Caftrenfts^ commentarii : Ab 
 Exccllentiffitna Principe, Margareta, ipjiits JJxore SanSliJfima 
 Confcripti. Et ex Anglico in Latinum converfi. London, 
 1668. Fol. 
 
 II. Plays, 7iever before printed. London, 1668. Fol. 
 This book I have not feen, and am obliged to Mr. 
 Langbain for the notice of it ; as the Ladies will be for the 
 catalogue of her Plays, which here follow in the fame order 
 that gentleman has placed them. 
 
 Apccr\phal Ladies, a Comedy. This play confifts of three 
 and twenty fcenes, but is not divided into adts. 
 
 Bell in Campo, a Tragedy in two parts, in the fecond play, 
 are feveral copies of vcrfes writ by the Duke of NewcafHe. 
 
 Blajing World, a Comedy. Tho' this be ftiled a play in 
 former catalogues, yet it is but a fragment ; the authrefs be- 
 fore flie finiflied the fecond adl dcfilled, not finding her genius 
 tend to the profccution of it. 
 
 Bridals, a Comedy. 
 
 Comical HaJI?, a Comedy. This play has not been in any 
 catalogue before. 
 
 Covcnt of Pleafiire, a Comedy. 
 
 ' WA.\\\i Account of ihe Dramatick Poets, " line, that (lie fecms to have even an- 
 p. 386. vhorc he tells us, that " (lie has " tedated his ^ij/Za-o/m." 
 " wrote it in a ftilc fo noble and mafcu- 
 
 Female 
 
304 MEMOIRS OF MARGARET 
 
 Feviak Acadamy, a Comedy. 
 
 Lady Contemplation^ a Comedy in two parts. Three fcenes 
 in the lirft, and two in the fecond part, were wrote by the 
 Duke. 
 
 Love's Adventure^ in two parts, a Comedy. The fong, 
 and the epithalamium, in the laft fcene in the fecond part, 
 was likewife writ by the Duke. 
 
 Matrimonal Trouble, in two parts ; the fecond being a 
 Tragedy, or as the authrefs ftiles it, a Tragi-Comedy. 
 
 Nature's three Daughters, Beauty, Love and Wit, a Comedy 
 in two parts. 
 
 Frejence, a Comedy. To this are added 29 fmgle fcenes, 
 which the Dutchefs defigned to have inferted in this play, but 
 finding it would too much lengthen it, fhe printed them fepa- 
 rately. 
 
 Publick Wooing, a Comedy. In which the Duke writ fe- 
 veral of the fuitors fpeeches ; as that of the foldier, the coun- 
 tryman, the fpokefman for the bafliful fuitor ; befides two 
 other fcenes, and the two fongs at the end of the Comedy. 
 
 Religious, a Tragi-Comedy. 
 
 Several Wits, a Comedy. 
 
 Sociable Companions, or the Female Wits, a Comedy. 
 
 Unnatural Tragedy. The prologue and epilogue, were of 
 the Duke's making. ACT II. Scene III. the Dutchefs 
 againft Mr. Camden's Britajinia : tho' whether with juflice, I 
 leave to the determination of others. 
 
 Wits Cabal, a Comedy in two parts. His Grace writ the 
 ^ epilogue to the firft part. 
 
 Youth's Glory, and Death's Banquet, a Tragedy in two 
 parts. Two Icenes with the fpeeches at the firft part, in 
 commendation of M'" Sans pareille, were writ by his Grace j 
 fo were all the fongs and verfes in the fecond part. 
 
 The 
 
DUTCHESS OF NEWCASTLE. 305 
 
 The Blazi?tg World, Bridal, Convent of Pkafure, Pre fence, 
 and Sociable Companions, are printed together in one volume j 
 and the reft in another. 
 
 In the Hbrary of the late Mr. Thomas Richardfon was the 
 Dutchefs of Ne'-d'cajlle' s Poems, 2 Vol. Fol. MS. Vid. Richard- 
 fon's Cat. p. 50. And in the library of the late Bp. Willis 
 was another MS. of her poems in Fol, Vid. Cat. p. k,^. 
 Whether ever printed, I know not. 
 
 Her perfon was very graceful ; her temper naturally refcrved 
 and fliy } and flie feldom faid much in company, efpecially 
 among Grangers : Was moft: indefatigable in her lludies, 
 contemplations and writings : Was truly pious, charitable 
 and generous : Was an excellent OEconomift, very kind to 
 her fervants j and a perfedl pattern of conjugal love and 
 duty. 
 
 As the Dutchefs was too negligent In regard to chronology 
 in her hiilorical writings, fo others have been equally remifs 
 in this refp^p, in regard to her Grace j for among the many 
 authors who have taken notice of her in print, not one that I 
 have met with, has mentioned the year in which flie died : 
 and even her monumental infcription, where one might reafon- 
 ably expedt it, is lilent both in refpcdt to her age, and the time 
 of her death. But Mr. Fulman, in the fifteenth vol. of his 
 manufcript colledlions in Corpus Chrilli College Archives ob- 
 ferves, that Ihe died at London, An. 1673, and was buried at 
 Weftminftcr Jan. 7, 1673-4; where an elegant monument is 
 erecfted to her memorv : Of which take the followinei account 
 given by Dr. Crul in his antiquities of that church '". " Againll 
 " the fkreen of the chappel of St. Michael is a molt noble 
 " fpacious tomb, of white marble, adorned with two pillars 
 
 « p. 2-6. 
 
 " of 
 
3o6 MEMOIRS OF, Gfr. 
 
 " of black marble, with entablatures of the Corlnthlau Order, 
 
 " embellifhed with arms, and mofl curious trophy-works, on 
 
 " the pedeftal lye two images in full proportion of white 
 
 " marble, in a cumbent pofiure, in their robes, reprefenting 
 
 " William Cavendifli Duke of Newcaftle, and Margaret his 
 
 " Dutchefs, his fecond and laft wife, being the daughter of 
 
 " Sir Charles, and fifter to the Lord Lucas of Colchefter ; 
 
 " who, as fhe had defervedly acquired the reputation of a Lady 
 
 " of uncommon wit, learning and liberality j fo the Duke her 
 
 " hufband had rendered himfelf famous for his loyalty and 
 
 *' conftant fidelity to the royal family, during the civil wars 
 
 " in this Kingdom, and in Scotland. This Duke having 
 
 " caufed this ftately monument to be eredled here to the 
 
 *' memory of his Lady, died foon after, in the year 1676, 
 
 " aged 84 ; and was interred here," 
 
 The epitaph for the Dutchefs, 
 
 Here lies the Loyal Duke of Neiocajlle, and his Dutchefs his 
 fecond wife, by whom he had 110 iffue : Her name was Margaret 
 Lucas, youngeft fifler to the Lord Lucas of Colchejier, a 7ioble 
 famih ; for all the brothers were 'valiant, and all the fijlers 
 'virtuous. T^his Dutchefs was a wife, witty, and learned Lady, 
 which her many books do well tefifie : She was a moft 'virtuous 
 and loving, and careful wife, and was with her Lord all the 
 time of his banifmient and miferies ; and when fie cafne home^ 
 never parted with him in his folitary retirements. 
 
 f ..■: ANNE 
 
MEMOIRS OF 307 
 
 ANNE 
 
 COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. 
 
 THIS illuftrious Lady was born in Skipton Caftle in 
 Craven, on the 30th of January, being Friday, in the 
 year 1589 ". She was daughter and Ible heir to George CHf- 
 ford, third Earl of Cumberland, by his wife Margaret, Coun- 
 tefs of Cumberland. She was defcended from the three 
 ancient and noble families of the Cliffords, Viponts, and 
 Vefleys, Lords and Barons in the North j and llie added to 
 her Efcutcheons, Pembroke, Dorfet and Montgomery, the 
 titles of three great Earldoms in the fouth. 
 
 She had a greatnefs of mind, which not only cqual'd her 
 high birth, but even dignified it ; for we are aiTured by Biihop 
 Rainbow, who knew her well, that fiie was inriched by na- 
 ture with very extraordinary endowments ; " flie had (fays he) 
 " a clear foul, fliining through a vivid body ; her body was 
 " durable and healthful, her foul fprightful, of great under- 
 " ftanding and judgment, faithful memory, and ready wit." 
 
 Thefe great natural parts were very happily improved by our 
 
 " Dugdale's Baronage, Vol. I. p. 346. 
 
 R r ingenious 
 
2o8 MEMOIRS OF ANNE 
 
 ingenious hiftorian and poet Mr. Samuel Daniel, who was her 
 preceptor, under whofe tuition (he made a confiderable pro- 
 grefs in many parts of literature. To all thefe helps fhe added 
 much reading and converfation with perfons eminent for learn- 
 ing. By which means, as the abovementioned prelate obferves, 
 fhe had early gained a knowledge, as of the beft things, 
 fo an ability to difcourfe in all commendable arts and fciences, 
 as well as in thofe things which belong to perfons of her 
 birth and fex to know. For fhe could difcourfe with Vir- 
 tuofo's, Travellers, Schollars, Merchants, Divines, Statefmen, 
 and with good houlewives in any kind ; infomuch, that a 
 prime and elegant wit Dr. Donne, well feen in all human 
 learning, and afterwards devoted to the fludy of divinity, 
 is reported to have faid of this Lady, in her younger years 
 to this effeft;" that J}:>e knew well hoio to difcourfe of all 
 things, from predefli nation, to flea-filk. " Meaning that al- 
 ' though fhe was Ikiiful in houfewifry, and in fuch things in 
 ' which women are converfant ; yet her penetrating wit foared 
 ' up to pry into the higheft Myfleries, looking at the higheft 
 ' example of female wifdom. Altho' fhe knew wool and 
 
 * fax, line linnen and filk, things appertaining to the fpindle 
 ' and the diftaff; yet fhe could open her month with wijdom % 
 ' knowledge of the befl and higheft things ; and if this had 
 ' not been moft affefted by her, folid wifdom, knowledge of 
 ' the beft things, fuch as make wife imto falvation ; if flie had 
 
 * fought fame rather than wifdom, pofUbly flie might have 
 ' been ranked among thofe wits and learned of that fex, of 
 ' whom Pythagoras or Plutarch, or any of the ancients, have 
 
 made fuch honourable mention. 
 
 " But fhe aifedled rather to fludy with thofe noble Bereans, 
 
 ■ Proverbs, 31, 26, 
 
 and 
 
COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. 309 
 
 « and thofe honourable Women (as St. Paul there fliles them) 
 " ivho fearched the Jcriptures daily ''j with Mary fie chofe the 
 " better part, of learning the dodrine of Chrift. 
 
 " Authors of feveral kinds of learning, Ibme of controver- 
 " fies very abftrufe, were not unknown to her. She much 
 " commended one book, William Barklay's difpute with Bel- 
 " larmine, both, as flie knew, of the popifh perfwafion, but 
 " the former lefs Papal ; and who, ihe laid, had well rtated 
 " a main point, and oppofed that learned Cardinal for giving 
 " too much power, even in temporals, to the Pope over Kings 
 " and fecular Princes, which rtie feemed to think the main 
 *' thing aimed at by the followers of that court ; to pretend a 
 " claim only to govern diredtly in fpirituals, but to intend 
 *' chiefly (tho' indiredlly) to hook in temporals, and in them 
 " to gain Power, Dominion, and Tribute ; Money and Rule 
 " being gods, to which the Roman courtiers and their parti- 
 " fans chiefly facrifice." 
 
 She had two huftiands : her firft was Richard Earl of 
 Dorfet, to whom flie was married February 26, 1609. '. 
 Pie died at Dorl'et Houfe in London, March 28, 1624. She 
 had ilTue by him Thomas, who died in his infancy, and two 
 daughters, Margaret, married to the Earl of Northampton, 
 and Ifabell, married to the Earl of Thanet. Her fecond hulband 
 was Philip Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, who died 
 January 23, 1649 '> by whom (lie had no iflue. 
 
 She furvived her laft hufband twenty feven years, which 
 time was intirely fpent in a continued feries of good works, 
 vtz. in ftricfl piety, extenfive charity, and generolity to learned 
 men : alfo in eredling feveral facred edifices for the fervice of 
 Almighty God ; befides a noble hofpital, and many other 
 
 f A^ts, 17, II, 12. ' Dugdalc's Baronage, Vol. II. p. 
 
 « Camden's Annals of King James thi 400. 
 frjl, p. 7. 
 
 R r 2 ftately 
 
310 MEMOIRS OF ANNE 
 
 ftately buildings, for the honour both of her family and na- 
 tion ; and the good of the publick in general. It may not be 
 amifs to give a few inftances, fince they will add much luftre 
 to her character. 
 
 She was very exemplary in obferving religious duties both 
 in publick and private, being a conftant frequenter of divine fer- 
 vice, as well as attendant at the fiicrament of the Lord's Supper. 
 Nor v/as fhe lefs diligent in her domeftic or private devotions, 
 which were conftantly performed in her private oratory three 
 times a day. And fo careful was flie that none of her fervants 
 might be remifs or negligent in the obfervance of their religious 
 duties, but all might be truely fitted, and well prepared for re- 
 ceiving the holy facrament, that (he took care to have feveral 
 books of devotion and piety provided four times in the year ; 
 that every one might take their choice of fuch a book as they 
 had not before ; by which means they became the better pre- 
 pared for that, and their feveral other duties : and thofe that 
 had lived in her houle long (and flie feldom turned any away) 
 were happily furnifhed with books of religion and devotion in 
 every kind. She was not one of thofe luke-warm temporizing 
 zealots that could flexibly turn about and comply with the 
 times ; but mofl chriftianly and courageoufly fhewed herfelf a 
 truly zealous and orthodox daughter of the church of England, 
 in the worft of times, when the intolerable opprefTion of the 
 Ufurper, and the reft of the predominant and fadlious party, 
 like an irrefiftiblQ torrent, bore down all before them, and 
 ufurped dominion over the perfons and eftates of all the ortho- 
 dox and loyal in the land ; then did this pious and religi- 
 ous Lady conftantly perfift in her refolution to ferve 
 God in the beauty of holinefs, which fhe did with the true 
 fpirit of a confefTor, by conftantly and openly profeffing and 
 praftifing the dodlrine, difcipline, and worfhip of our moft 
 
 excellent 
 
COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. 311 
 
 excellent church, throughout all thofe long and difnial times 
 of tyranny and opprcHion, notwithftanding any dangers what- 
 foever that might enfue. 
 
 Her charity was very cxtenfive, in relieving the indigent 
 and the opprefled, and in forgiving her moft implacable ene- 
 mies, I mean the diflenting party ; who having made the land 
 another Acelda?}ia, fubverted both church and ftate, contami- 
 nated the pulpit with the mod monftrous abfurdities, impieties, 
 and blafphemies ; and perfecuted her true and orthodox 
 fons with the utmoft malice and violence j yet did this good 
 Lady like a true primitive chriftian, forgive thofe worft of in- 
 juries ; and fliewed herfelf afterwards very compaffionate and 
 charitable to feveral dilTenters. 
 
 And I cannot omit ohferving, that her duty and affedlion 
 to her parents was as confpicuous as any of her other fliining 
 virtues : A particular inflance of which is the beautiful pillar 
 w^hich fhe erefted on the place where /he tooi-i her laft firewel 
 of her mother : it is commonly called the Countefs pillar ', 
 and is adorned with coats of arms, dials, 6cc. with an ohelifk 
 on the top coloured ^ith black ; and the following intcriptiou 
 in brafs, declaring the occafion and meaning of it. 
 
 THIS PILLAR WAS ERECTED ANNO 1656. 
 BY THE RIGHT HONO. ANNE COUNTESS DOWAGER OF 
 PEMBROKE. AND SOLE HEIR OF THE RIGHT 
 HONOURABLE GEORGE EARL OF CUMBERLAND, &c. 
 FOR A MEMORIAL OF HER LAST PARTING IN THIS PLACE 
 WITH HER GOOD AND PIOUS MOTHER THE RIGHT HONOURABLE 
 MARGARET COUNTESS DOWAGER OF CUMBERLAND. 
 THE SECOND OF APRIL, 1616. IN MEMORY WHEREOF 
 SHE ALSO LEFT AN ANNUITY OF FOUR POUNDS 
 TO BE DISTRIBUTED TO THE POOR WITHIN THIS 
 PARISH OF BROUGHAM EVERY SECOND DAY OF APRIL, 
 FOR EVER UPON THIS STONE TABLE BY. 
 
 LAUS DEO. 
 
 • Vid. Mr. Camden's Britannia, in Weftmoreland, lad Edit. p. 994. 
 
 She 
 
312 MEMOIRS OF ANNE 
 
 She was a great lover of learning, and an encourager of 
 learned men ': and as an inllance of gratitude to her tutor, flie 
 erefted a monument to his memory in the church at Becking- 
 ton near Philips-Norton in Somerfetlhire, with the follow- 
 ing infcription. 
 
 Here lies, expeSfitjg the fecottd coming of our Lord and Saviour 
 Jejus Chrijl, the dead body 0/ S A M U E L D A N I E L Efq; 
 who was tutor to the Lady Anne Clifford /?z her youth, JJje 
 ivas that daughter and heir to George Clifford Earl of Cum- 
 berland, who in gratitude to hitn ereSled this Motiument in his 
 meinory, a long time after, when floe was Count efs Dowager of 
 Pembroke, Dorfet, and Montgomery. He died in OSiober an. 1 6 1 9. 
 
 She repaired and reftored an alms-houfe at Bearmky, which 
 was built and endowed by her mother, the Countefs of Cum- 
 berland. 
 
 On the twenty third of April, An. 1651. flie laid the firfl 
 ftone of an hofpital which flie founded at Appleby in Weft- 
 moreland, for a governefs and twelve other widows, which 
 was finiflied within three years following : For the endowment 
 of which flie purchafed the Manour of Brougham, and cer- 
 tain lands called St. Nicholas, near Appleby. 
 
 I cannot forbear giving a remarkable inftance of her humility 
 upon this occafion. When flie had finiflied her hofpital, flie not 
 only led and placed each of her penfioners into their feveral ap- 
 partments, but frequently dined with them there, as they often 
 did with her at her own table ; fome of them every week, and 
 all of them once a month ; and after dinner flie would as freely 
 converfe with them, as with perfons of the highefl rank. 
 
 She purchafed lands at Temple-Soureby in the county of 
 Weflmoreland of eight pounds per annum value, for repairing 
 
 « Vid. Wood's Athena Oxon. Vol. I. Col. 448. Edit. 1 721 . 
 
 the 
 
COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. 3:3 
 
 the church, fchool-houfcj town-hall, and bridge at A^~ 
 pleby. 
 
 She rebuilt a great part of the church at Appleby, then 
 ruinous, and made a vault at the north eafl: corner of the 
 chapel for her own fepulture, at the expence of about feven 
 hundred pounds ; over which fhe eredled a monument of black 
 and white marble for herfelf. 
 
 She rebuilt a great part of the fteeple at Skipton in Craven, 
 which had been pulled down in the time of the civil wars. 
 And having repaired a great part of that church (both fibrick 
 and roof) flie there ereded a fine monument for her father, 
 George Earl of Cumberland. 
 
 She intirely rebuilt the church at Bongate near Appleby, 
 alfo the chapel of Brougham ; and likewife the chapel of 
 Ninekirke near Brougham. 
 
 She alfo rebuilt the chapel of Mallerftang, and purchafed 
 lands of eleven pounds per annum value, for the perpetual fup- 
 port of a perfon qualified to read prayers, with the homilies 
 of the church of England therein ; and to teach the children 
 of the dale to read and write Englilh °. 
 
 She likewife performed many great things for the honour 
 and benefit of her family and pofterity ; for befides other in- 
 ferior Strui^lures, fhe built fix Caftlcs : one of which had lain 
 in ruins an hundred and forty years after it had been confumed 
 by fire. Brough-Caftle, the timber burnt anno 1521. Ano- 
 ther 320 years after the invading Scots had demoliflied it. 
 Alfo, Pendragon-Caftle, deftroyed by David King of Scots. 
 
 Neither was flie lefs careful in preferving from the ruins of 
 time, the memoirs of her great anceflors j for we are afTured 
 by Bifliop Rainbow " that " as fhe had been a mofl critical 
 
 • Dugdale's Baronage, Vol. I. p. 346. at her funeral, and reprinted in Wilford's 
 
 * Vid. his Lordlhip's fermon preached Mmorials,Charaaers,Sc<:.'Fo\. hon. \j4,\. 
 
 " fearclier 
 
314 MEMOIRS OF ANNE 
 
 feaicher into her own life, fo flie had been a diligent en- 
 quirer into the lives, fortunes, and characters of many of 
 her anceflors for many years. Some of them flie hath left 
 particularly defcribed, and the exadl annals of divers paffages 
 which \vere moft remarkable in her own life, ever fince it 
 was wholly at her own difpofal, that is, fince the death of 
 her laft lord and hufband, Philip Earl of Pembroke, which 
 was for the fpace of fix or feven and twenty years. 
 " From this her great diligence, as her pofterity may find 
 contentment in reading thele abfiiradls of occurrences in her 
 own life, being added to her heroic father's and pious mo- 
 thers lives, didrated by herfelf, fo they may reap greater 
 fruits of her diligence, in finding the honours, defcents, 
 and pedigrees, eilates, and the titles and claims of their 
 progenitors to them, comprized hiflorically and methodical- 
 ly in three volumes of the larger fize, and each of them 
 three or four times fairly written over ; which, altho' they 
 were faid to have been coUedled and digefted in fome part 
 by one or more learned heads, yet were they wholly direc- 
 ted by herfelf, and attefled in the moft parts by her own 
 hand." 
 
 Thus did this great Lady employ her time in a continued 
 feries of good works, 'till being arrived to the age of eighty five 
 years, after a fliort illnefs of about three or four days, with 
 great patience and refignation, flie departed this life in her 
 Caflle at Brougham, March the twenty fecond, 1675-6 ; and 
 was buried the fourteenth of April following at Appleby in 
 "Wefi:moreland, under a fplendid monument (which flie in her 
 life time had eredled) with the following infcription. 
 
 Here lies, expeBing the fecond coming of our Lord and Saviour 
 Jefus Chriji, the dead Body of the Lady Anne Clifford^ daughter 
 
 and 
 
COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE. 315 
 
 andfole Heir to George Clifford, third Earl of Cumber!a72d ; by 
 his bleffed Wife Margaret Riifel, Cou?2tefs of Cumberland ; nvhich 
 Lady Anne was born in Skipto?i-Cafle in Craven, the T,oth, of 
 January, bei}ig Frydoy, in the year 1590, as the year begins 
 on New-Tears-Day ; and by a long cojitiniied Dcfcetit from her 
 Father, and his noble anceftors, Jhe was Bar one fe of Clifford, 
 Weftmor eland, and Vefey : High SheriffcJJe of the County of 
 JVe/lniorelafid, and of the Honour of Skipton Caftle aforcfaid. 
 She tnarried, for her firjl Hujlyand, Richard Sackvile Earle of 
 Dorfet ; and for her fecond Hupand, Philip Herherte, Earle 
 of Pembroke and Montgofnery, leaving behind her only two 
 Daughters that lived, which ffe had by her firjl Hufband ; the 
 elde/l Margaret Countejje of Thanet, and the youngeft Ifabel 
 Counteffe of Northampton ; which Lady Anne Clifford Countefe 
 Dowager of Pembroke, Dorfet and Alontgomery, deceafed at her 
 Cafile at Brougham, the 2zd Day of March, in the Tear of 
 our Lord iby ^, chrifiianly, willingly and quietly, having before 
 her Death feen a plentiful Iffue by her two Daughters, of thir^ 
 teen Grand-children. And her Body lyes buried in this Vault. 
 
 Sf 
 
 LADY 
 
3i6 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 A D 
 
 PAKINGTON. 
 
 DOROTHY LADY PAKINGTON, wife of Sir John 
 Pakington Knight and Baronet, and daughter of Thomas 
 Lord Coventry, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England, 
 by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Mr, John Alderley of 
 London, was born either in the city or fuburbs of London, 
 about the middle of the reign of King James the firfl. 
 
 It may feem needlefs, in drawing the charadler of this ex- 
 cellent Lady, to take notice of the great advantages fhe had 
 in her education, and of the wonderful improvement fhe made 
 in her ftudies : for tho' Hie was well known to, and celebrated 
 by the befl and moft learned divines of her time, yet hardly 
 any pen will be thought capable of adding to the reputation 
 her own hath procured to her, if it fhall appear that fhe was 
 the author of a work, which is not more an honour to the 
 writer, than an univerfal benefit to mankind. 
 
 The work I mean is The whole duty of Man. Her title to 
 which will, I hope, be fo well afcertained, that the general 
 concealment it hath lain under will only refled: a luflre upon 
 
 all 
 
LADY PA KINGTON. 317 
 
 all her other excellencies, by fliewing that flic had no honour 
 in view, but that of her creator, which I llippofe Ihe might 
 think beft promoted by this concealment. But as it is Sot 
 now generally believed, fo I perceive it will not eafily be al- 
 lowed that ilie was the author of that valuable book, or was 
 capable of writing it. That I may proceed therefore with all 
 the clearnefs I can, I fliall lay before the reader, what I have 
 to offer to his confideration upon this fubje^fl, in the foUowino- 
 order ; and endeavour to fliew. 
 
 Firlt, That thofe gentlenien to whom this work has been 
 attributed have not the leaft claim to it. 
 
 Secondly, I fliall offer a few arguments to obviate that ob- 
 jeftion of Lady Pakington's want of capacity for fo great a 
 work. And 
 
 Thirdly, I fliall exhibit fome of the teflimonies which in- 
 duce me to think this Lady to be the author of The whole dutv 
 of Man. ^ 
 
 There are no lefs than four different Perfons to whom this 
 work has been publickly afcribed. The firfl: was Mr. Abra- 
 ham Woodhead % a very learned and pious gentleman. But 
 there needs no other argument to confute this falfe report, than 
 to aflirm, that this worthy perfon lived and died a zealous ro- 
 man catholick. 
 
 Mr. Oldfield feems very peremtory in this aflair, when he 
 informs his readers " that " the author of TZv whole Dutv of 
 " Man hath been long concealed, but his name is Mr. 
 " Wilhain Fulman : he being now dead, may be publifli'd : 
 " he was bred under Dr. Hammond, for fome time his ama- 
 " nucnfis : he was a learned divine, born atPenfliurfl in Kent ; 
 " I was a fchool-fellow with him tliere." One might imagine 
 
 v", X^r^''^''^°'l^l' "^'^'""^ ^"""'^'ifi'' " See hi* book i.uitled MUle Teftcs. 
 Vol. II. Col. 617. Edit. 1721. &c. p. 74. 
 
 S f 2 from 
 
3i8 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 from hence that Mr. Oldfield had had an inconteftible autho- 
 rity for this his pofitive affertion ; and yet, notwithftanding 
 this fpecious tale, it is very evident that he had not any good 
 foundation of truth to go upon, as will plainly appear by the 
 following remark. 
 
 Bifhop Fell in his preface prefix'd to the fol. edit, of the 
 author of the whole duty of man's works printed in 1684, 
 tells us that if " Almighty God had lent longer life to this 
 *' eminent perfon, (meaning the author of thofe works,) we 
 " might have received ample benefits by it : and particularly 
 " a jufl treatife which was defigned and promifed of The Go- 
 " vermnent of the Thoughts." Which plainly implies that 
 the author was then dead. So that Mr. Fulman who died 
 upon the 28th of June, 1688, could not poffibly be the au- 
 thor. The pious intent of Mr. Oldfield's book incUnes me 
 to entertain more charitable thoughts of him, than once to 
 fufpeft he would impofe fuch a falfehood upon the world 
 deiignedly : perhaps this miftaken notion fprung from hence : 
 as Mr. Fulman was amanuenfis to Dr. Hammond, and was 
 really a man of great abilities and merit, it is not impoflible 
 that the Dr. might difclofe the fecret to him ; and Mr. Ful- 
 man reporting afterwards that he knew the author, but not 
 naming any particular perfon ; from hence Mr. Oldfield might 
 conclude that he himfelf wrote the book. 
 
 The third perfon who is fuppofed to have been the author of 
 this celebrated book, is Dr. Richard Sterne, Abp. of York. 
 The very ingenious antiquary and topographer Mr. Drake, in 
 his life of this worthy prelate, modeflly tells us ' that " he 
 " was much fufpeded for being the author of that moftexcel- 
 " lent divine and moral treatife called The whole Duty of Man.' \ 
 
 * Antiquities of Tgrk, p. 464. 
 
 But 
 
LADY PAKINGTON. 319 
 
 But why he was fufpedled on this occafion, I am very much 
 at a lofs to know. If I did not believe Lady Pakington to be 
 the. author, I have many realbns, that will not permit me to 
 think that Archbidiop Sterne was. For, 
 
 Fir ft. Why fliould he own his Commetit on the 103 pf^lm ; 
 and his book of Logic ; and fo carefully conceal his being the 
 author of a more ufeful work ? 
 
 Secondly, We are aflured by Bifliop Fell, that if the author 
 of The ivhole Duty of Man had lived a little longer, the world 
 might have expected another treatife intitled The Govemmoit of 
 the Thoughts. It is fubmitted to the reader's confideration, 
 whether a man in the 87th year of his age, could probably 
 be employed in drawing up a work of that kind, when it can 
 hardly be imagined he could be a perfedl mafter of his own 
 reafon. And 
 
 Thirdly, That which feems to put the thing out of doubt, is 
 the ftyle and orthography '' of his Commetit on the 103 pfalniy 
 which is fo very different from that of the author of The 
 whole Duty of Man, as I think will not permit any one, that 
 will carefully compare the two books, to believe they were 
 wrote by the fame perfon. 
 
 From what has been faid, I think there is very little reafon 
 to fufpeft Abp. Sterne to have been the author : and therefore 
 I pafs on to examine his predeceflbr Archbilhop Frewen's title 
 to this work ; who, as I am lately informed by a letter from 
 an ingenious clergy-man, muft certainly be the autlinr ; and 
 he gives me reafons for it, which as they are rather too long 
 to be inferted here, fo I hope he will excufe me for faying that 
 
 • The ingenious author of T/.!^ w<7»V «(/- that he propofes the peculiar fpellings to 
 
 'vantage! of a good Language to any Nation, be colleded, examined, and fixed as the 
 
 iic. thought the ortliography of thofe ftandard for exaft and true orthography, 
 treatifes to be fo very natural and julU 
 
 I think 
 
320 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 I think them not important enough to need a particular refu- 
 tation. I could produce many arguments to prove that this 
 Archbifliop was not the author ; but for brevity's fake I fhall 
 only make ufe of one. It is allowed by thofe who knew beft, 
 that The Caufes of the decay of Chrijlian Piety was wrote by 
 the author of The ivhole Duty of Mafi. And in the preface to 
 that book (which was undoubtedly wrote by the author of 
 the book itfelf) there is very particular mention made of the 
 plague and great fire at London, from whence it plainly appears 
 that the author was living in the latter end of the year 1666. 
 Now, as Archbifliop Frewen died in the year 1664, it is very 
 evident that he could not be the author of The whole Duty of Man. 
 
 It has been very furprizing to me, to hear the many fhifts 
 and evafions which have been made ufe of, on this occafion, by 
 feveral gentlemen, in order to deprive this lady, and the fair fex, 
 of the honour of thofe excellent performances. One of them 
 told me very gravely that there was a whole body of learning 
 
 fliewn in thofe treatifes therefore no Woman could be the 
 
 writer of them. But as good a judge as any that gentleman 
 can wifli for, has publickly informed the world, that this 
 lady was every way accompliflied in all kinds of literature, 
 and rare endowments of mind, which were requifite for the 
 compoling thofe admirable treatifes. 
 
 Another learned gentleman has affured me by letter, that 
 neither this nor any other Lady could be the author of thofe 
 books ; which he determines " from that very great variation 
 " of ftyle, and different manner of treating the fubjedls con- 
 ' ' tained in them. And he inftances particularly in the Chrijiia?i's 
 " Birth-right : where, fays he, beiides the many quotations 
 " from Hebrew Writers, that every page almoft abounds 
 " with, the language is more exalted, and a clofer thread of 
 " logical reafoning runs through the whole, than does thro* 
 
 " any 
 
LADY PAKINGTON. 321 
 
 " any of the other treatifes, Both argument, and diftion be- 
 " ing fuch as the deepeft fcholars would make ufe of." But 
 this gentleman may be affured with the greateft certainty 
 from Dr. Hickes's charadter of Lady Pakington, that flie was 
 a perfeifl miftrefs of all thofe excellent qualilications, in which 
 he fancies the ladies are fo very deficient. And fince fkill in 
 the Hebrew Language is made ufe of as a convincing argu- 
 ment (tho', for my part, I cannot find one Hebrew quotation in 
 the whole book) he may plcafe to undcrftand, that befides the 
 juftly celebrated Mrs, Anna Maria a Schurman, and many other 
 foreign ladies; we have had feveral domeftic examples oilVomen 
 who have been famed for their fkill in that primitive language, 
 viz. Lady Jane Gray, LadyKilligrew, a Lady of the Nottingham 
 family, another Lady of the North family. Lady Ranelagh, 
 Mrs. Bury, and Mrs. Elizabeth Bland of Beelton in Yorkfliire ^ 
 
 If I were a Roman Catholick, I would fummon Tradition 
 as an evidence for me upon this occafion, which has conftantly 
 attributed this performance to a lady. And a late celebrated 
 writer obferves ", " that there are many probable arguments 
 *' [in The whole Duty of Alan] to back a current report that 
 ** it was writ by a Lady." And any one who reads the Ladies 
 Calling with attention, may obferve a great number of paflliges 
 which plainly indicate a female hand. 
 
 That vulgar prejudice of the fuppofed incapacity of tlie fe- 
 male fex, is what thefe memoirs in general may pofiibly re- 
 move. And as I have in the courfe of them had frequent oc- 
 cafion to take notice of it, .1 fliould not now enter again upon 
 that fub)e6l, had not this been made ufe of as an argument to 
 invalidate Lady Pakington's title to thofe performances, it may 
 not be amifs therefore, to tranfcribe two or three pafl'ages from 
 
 * SeeMr. Thorefby'sDKf«/a/iw<)'/V»/&, Lj a Daughter of the Church of England^ 
 p. 500. p. 147. 
 
 * See The Chrijiian Religion ers frofcfi'd 
 
 the 
 
322 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 the treatife I have juft now mentioned j which on more ac- 
 counts than one, very well deferve thefe gentlemens confideration. 
 In the beginning of the preface this impartial and excellent 
 writer tells us, that — " fuch is either the inadvertence, or 
 ' malice of a great part of mankind, that (againft all rules of 
 ' difcourfe) they deduce generals from particulars, make every 
 ' woman fo far an Eve, that her depravation fliall forfeit her 
 ' whole kind ; and becaufe there are foolifli and fcandalous 
 ' women, will fcarce allow there are any other. The truth 
 ' is, the error feems in many men to be affedled ; they 
 ' propofe to themfelves unworthy ends on women, and make 
 ' all their obfervations wholly in order to thofe. He that 
 ' is upon a bafe purfuit, takes a particular notice of all that 
 ' is for his turn ; the reft fall not within his fphere : and 'tis 
 ' too probable he is fo abundantly fupplied for that abfolute 
 ' conlideration, that he never defcends to the comparative." 
 And a little after — " It may therefore upon this account be 
 a neceffary charity to the fex, to acquaint them with their 
 own value, animate them to fome higher thoughts of them- 
 felves ; not to yield their fufFrage to thofe injurious eflimates 
 the world hath made of them, and from a fuppofed inca- 
 pacity of nobler things to negle<5l the purfuit of them ; from 
 which God and nature have no more precluded the femi- 
 nine, than the mafculine part of mankind." From hence 
 this ingenious writer proceeds to fliew the powerful influence 
 that women have upon all forts of tranfaftions in the world, 
 and then adds, " But waving thefe refledlions, I fliall fix only 
 " on the perfonal accompliflmients of the fex, and peculiarly 
 " that which is the moft principal endowment of the rational 
 " nature, I mean their underftanding. Where it will be a 
 " little hard to pronounce that they are naturally inferiour to 
 *' men ; when 'tis confidered how much of extrinfic weight 
 
LADY PAKINGTON. 323 
 
 « is put In the ballance to turn it on the mens fide. Men 
 *' have their parts cultivated and improved by education, re- 
 " fined and Aibtilized by learning and arts, are like a piece of 
 " a Common, which by induftry and hufbandry, become a 
 " different thing from the rell, tho' the natural Turf owned 
 
 " no fuch inequality. We may therefore conclude, that 
 
 " whatever vicious impotence women are under, it is acquired, 
 " not natural ; nor derived from any illiberality of God's, 
 " but from the ill managery of his bounty." And a little 
 " after, " Let them not charge God fooliftily, or think, that 
 " by making them women, he neceflitated them to be proud 
 " or wanton, vain or peevifh ; fince 'tis manifell: he made 
 " them to better purpofes, was not partial to the other fex ; 
 " but that having as the Prophet fpeaks, abundatice of Spirit , 
 *' Mai. 2. he equally difpenfed it, and gave the feeblefl wo- 
 " man as large and capacious a foul as that of the greatelT: 
 " Heroe. Nay give me leave to fay farther, that as to an 
 " eternal well being, he feems to have placed them in more 
 " advantageous circumftances, than he has done men. He 
 ** has implanted in them fome native propenfions, which do 
 
 " much facilitate the operations of grace upon them ." 
 
 And having made good this affertion, interrogates thus. 
 " How many women do we read of in the Gofpel, who in 
 " all the duties of afliduous attendance on Chrift, liberalities 
 " of love and refpedl, nay, even in zeal and courage, lurpaffed 
 " even the Apoftles themfelves ? We find his crofs furround- 
 " ed, his paffion celebrated by the avowed tears and lamen- 
 " tations of devout women, when the moft fanguine of his 
 " Difciples had denied, yea forfworc, and all had forfaken 
 " him. Nay, even death itfelf could not extinguifh their 
 " love : we find the devout Maries dcf'gning a laborious, 
 " chargeable, and perhaps hazardous relpcel to his corps. 
 
 T t " And 
 
324 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 " And accordingly, 'tis a memorable atteftation Chrift give& 
 " to their piety, by making them the firft witneffes of his 
 *' refurredion, the prime Evangelifts to proclaim thofe glad 
 " tidings ; and as a learned man fpeaks, Apoftles to the 
 " Apoftles". And towards the conclufion of the preface is. 
 the following obfervation. " Nay to fpeak an impartial truth, 
 " 'tis not to be denied, but the reputation of religion is more 
 " kept up by Tromen than Men, many of this fex counte- 
 " nancing it by their pradlice, whereas more of the otlier do 
 " not only negledl, but decry it." 
 
 I am not at all folicitous to know whether thofe humour- 
 ous gentlemen think thefe are the ftrokes of a female hand, or 
 not, fince, if they deny it, they muft inevitably acknowledge, 
 that I have the fuifrage of one of the beft and mod learned 
 men of that age, in favour of the principles I have efpoufed, 
 viz. that women are capable of the highefl attainments in. 
 literature : and have given convincing proofs of it, when. 
 they have been allowed proper advantages of education. 
 
 But after all, fome may objedt that inferences might be 
 drawn from thofe performances, from whence one might con-, 
 elude with fome fhew of reafon, that they were the learned 
 labours of a gentleman. I freely confefs that there are fome 
 paffages which look that way : and I dare almoft venture to 
 iDelieve thofe paffages interpolations. Her learned friends, who 
 were concerned in the publication of thofe books, were too 
 well acquainted with Men and Manners, not to underftand 
 M'hat kind of eftimate the generality of mankind would put 
 uipon the produdions of a Woman's pen: and therefore thofe 
 paffages were (perhaps) as wifely inferted, as the moft in- 
 genious author's name was then wifely and judicioufly con- 
 cealed. 
 
 It may now perhaps be thought high time for me to pro- 
 duce 
 
LADY PARING TON. 325 
 
 duce my evidences to prove this lady's right to the work : 
 here then follow the teftimonies confirming the report of 
 Lady Pakington's being the author of Ihe wijole Duty of 
 Man. 
 
 My firft witnefs is the famous Dr. Geo, Hickes, whofe 
 teftimony in her favour I think no one will refufe, fince the 
 vicinity of his deanery to Weftwood, the intimacy he had 
 in the family, his known probity and unfhaken integrity, will 
 make his authority appear beyond all exception. The Dr. in 
 his preface ^ to his Anglo-Saxon and Mcefo Gothic Grammars 
 printed before his Thefaurus, and infcribed to the late Sir John 
 Pakington, having given an excellent charadler of his grand- 
 father, proceeds in the following manner in relation to this 
 truly great lady. 
 
 " In Avia vero Tua illuftriflimi Thomct dominl Coventry^ 
 " magni figilli cullodis, filia, virtutum omnium, imprimis il- 
 " Idrum, qux in aftione vitae Cbrijlianee confiflunt, fplendor 
 " maximus erat cum fummo ingenio, 6c pure, apte, diftinc- 
 " te, ornateque dicendi facultate conjundus. ()uibus adeo 
 •* excelluit, pra?fertim in xquabili & tempcrato fcribendi ge- 
 " nerC} ut libri de Officio Hominis AngUce ab anonymo 
 " Editi, & ob mirificam operis in fuo genere perfedtionem per 
 " totum orbem Chriftianum notiffimi, audtrix & dici, & ha- 
 " beri mcreretur. Sacras literas, rerumque divinarum fcien- 
 " tiam omniaque quje a Philofophis five profanis five Chrifti- 
 " anis de Officio gravia & utilia tradita funt, a^que ac fe fcire 
 " dicebant viri dodliflimi Hammoudus, Morlcyus, Fcllus, & 
 " Thomajitis. In patriis etiam antiquitatibus adeo 1 11am hof- 
 " pitem non fuifie audivi, ut eas fere cum primis fciret. Ne- 
 " que id adeo mirum, cum virum longe do6tiffimum Norto- 
 
 * p. 2 
 
 T t 2 " ncm 
 
326 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " fiem Knctchbull Baronettum, Tutorem & inftltutorem Ado- 
 *' lefcens naberet ; et conjux fadla clariffimum Hammonduniy 
 *' aliofque illius zequales, maximos viros, fibi quos audiret ad- 
 " Icifceret." 
 
 *' But your grandmother, the daughter of the mofl re- 
 *' nowned Thomas Lord Coventry, Keeper of the great Seal, 
 ** was remarkably illuftrious for all virtues, efpecially 
 ." fuch as confift in the pradlical part of a chriftian life: 
 " fhe had moreover an excellent judgment, and a talent of 
 " fpeaking corredlly, pertinently, clearly, and gracefully. In 
 *' which flie was fo accompliflied, particularly in an evennefs 
 *' of ftyle and confiftent manner of writing, that fhe deferved to 
 *' be called and reputed, the author of a book concerning 
 " the Duty of Man, publifhed in Englifh by an anonymous 
 *' perfon, and well known through the chriftian world for 
 " the extraordinary compleatnefs of a work of that kind. Ham- 
 " MOND, MoRLEY, Fell, and Thomas, thofe eminently 
 " learned men, averr'd fhe was as great an adept in the facred 
 " fcriptures, as themfelves were, and as well verfed in divi- 
 ** nity and in all thofe weighty and ufeful notions relating to 
 *' Duty, which have been recommended and handed down 
 " to us either by profane or chriftian philofophers. I have 
 " heard alfo fhe was fo far from being unacquainted with the 
 *' antiquities of her own country, that flie almofl knew as 
 *' much as the greatefl proficients in that kind of knowledge. 
 *' Nor is this to be much wonder'd at, fince in her youth fhe 
 " had the mofl excellently learned Sir Norton Knatchbuli, 
 " Bart, for her Tutor and Preceptor ; and, after fhe was mar- 
 *' ried, the famous Hammond, and others his cotemporaries, 
 " very celebrated men, for her companions, and inflruc- 
 *« tors." 
 
 Now 
 
LADY PAKINGTON. 327 
 
 Now, if this evidence fliould not be allowed to prove her 
 the author ; yet it is a certain proof that flie was every way 
 qualified for it; which fullyanfwers the moft frequent and main 
 objedtion, viz. The want of capacity, &c. And for my own 
 part, I believe the Dodtor meant nothing more or lefs than 
 modeftly to inform his readers that flie was the author of the 
 book. And I am confirmed in this belief by a lady now 
 living, who has told me more than once, that Dr. Hickes af- 
 fured her that Lady Pakington was the author of The whole 
 Duty of Man. And that he had feen the MS. wrote with 
 her ladyship's own hand; which from the many rafures, alter- 
 ations and interlinings, he was fully fatisfied was the very 
 original book. 
 
 My fecond evidence is the author of the Baronettage^ who 
 tells us that " flie was one of the moft accomplidi'd perfons 
 " of her fex for learning ; and the brighteft example of her 
 " age for wifdom and piety. Her letters and other difcourfes 
 " ftill remaining in the Family, and in the hands of her 
 *' friends, are an admirable proof of her excellent genius, and 
 " vaft capacity; and as flie had the reputation of being thought 
 *' the author of The whole Duty of Man, fo none that knew 
 " her well, and were competent judges of her abilities, could 
 *' in the leaft doubt of her being equal to fuch an undertak- 
 " ing ; tho' her modefty would not fuffer her to claim the 
 " honour of it ; but as the manufcript under her own hand 
 *' now remains with the family, there's hardly room to 
 " doubt it. 
 
 " By her great virtues and eminent attainments in know- 
 •' ledge, fhe acquired the efteem of all our learned divines, par- 
 *' ticularly Dr. Hammond, Bifliop Morley, Bifliop Fell, 
 ." Bifhop Pearson, Bi£hop Henchman, and Billiop Gun- 
 
 " ^'ING J 
 
328 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 ** KING ; who were ever ready to confefs, they were always 
 " edified by her converfation, and inftrudled by her writings. 
 " Thefe learned and pious gentlemen never failed of an agree- 
 " able retreat and fanduary at Weftwood, as far as thofe dan- 
 *' gerous times would permit : and it ought ever to be re- 
 " membered to the honour of this good lady and her hulband, 
 " that the famous Dr. Hammond found a comfortable fub- 
 " fiftence in their family feveral years, and at laft repofed his 
 " bones in their burial place at Hampton Lovett, in a chapel 
 " built by Sir Thomas Pakington, Anno 1561." 
 
 My third is taken from a Quarto pamphlet intitled, A Let- 
 ter from a Clergy-man in the Cou7itry, to a digtiified Clergy-man 
 171 London, vindicating the Bill brought the laft SeJJiom of Par- 
 lianmit for preventing the 'Trg.nfation of Bifops. Printed at 
 London, 1702 ; in the third and fourth pages of which may 
 be found the following pafTage : " But before I enter upon 
 " the nature, tendency, and ufefulnefs of the bill, give me 
 " leave to fay fomething concerning that worthy member Sir 
 " J. P. [ i. e. Sir John Pakington ] who brought it into the 
 " houfe. 
 
 " His zeal for the church and monarchy defcends to him 
 " as it were by -inheritance : I muft write a hiftory, if I would 
 " deliver at large how many proofs his anceftors have given 
 " of their being the £xftefl friends to both : but his grand- 
 " father's fpending forty thoufand pounds, and being tried for 
 " his life during the late civil wars, becaufe he vigoroufly en- 
 " deavoured to prevent the martyrdom of King Charles the 
 " firll, and the deftruftion of epifcopacy ; the uninterrupted 
 " correfpondence of his grandmother with the learned and' 
 " pious Dr. Morley, Bifhop of Winton, and Dr. Hammond, 
 " and her fupporting the latter when deprived, and who is 
 
 " by 
 
LADY PAKINGTON. 329 
 
 <^' by feveral eminent men [Archbiihop Dolben, Blfliop Fell, 
 
 " and Dr. Alleftry (faith die note at the bottom of the page) 
 
 " declared this of their own knowledge after her death, which 
 
 " Die obliged the*^ to keep private during her life] allowed to 
 
 " be the author vf the beft, and mofl mafculine religious 
 
 " book extant in the Englilh tongue (the bible excepted) 
 
 " called The ivhok Duty of Man ^ will ferve inflead of a heap 
 
 " of inflances, to llicw how great regards this family have 
 
 ** formerly paid to the church and kingly government." 
 
 My fourth evidence was tranfcribed from a paper in the 
 hands of Dr. Snape, Provoft of King's College in Cambridge, 
 and tranfmitted to me by my very worthy friend the Revd. 
 Dr. Lyttelton, Dean of Exeter, in the following words. 
 
 " October 19, 1698. Mr. Thomas Caulton, Vicar of 
 " Workfop in Nottin^hamfliire, on his death bed, in the 
 *' prefence of William Thornton, Efq; and his Lady, Mrs. 
 " Heathcote, Mrs. A(h, Mrs. Caulton, and others, declared 
 " the words following, viz. 
 
 " On the fifth of November, 1689, at Shire Oaks, Mrs. 
 *' Eyre took me up into her chamber after dinner, and told me 
 *' that her daughter Moyfer of Beverley was dead. After- 
 " wards, amongft other private affairs of her family, Hie told 
 " me who was the author of T^he 'whole Duty of Man ; at the 
 *' fame time pulling out of a private drawer a manufcript tied 
 *' together and flitched in Odlavo, which flie declared was 
 " the original written by Lady Pakington her mother, who 
 " difowned ever having wrote the other books attributed to 
 *' the fame author, except The Caufesof the Decay of Chrijiian 
 " Piety. She added that the MS. had been perufed by Dn 
 *' Covil Mafter of Trinity College Cambridge ; Dr. Stamford 
 " Prebend of York j and Mr. Binks Redor of the great 
 !' Church of Hull." • A feem- 
 
330 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 A feeming difficulty arifes from this lafl evidence, where 
 Mrs. Eyre ' tells us, that Lady Pakington difowned writing 
 the other five treatiles, which have been conftantly attributed 
 to the author of The whole Duty of Man. -Poffibly therefore, 
 we may be at liberty to underlland Mrs.'itiyre's declaration, 
 as implying no more than that Lady Pakington did not lay any 
 claim to thofe books, nor upon any pccaiion ever mentioned 
 them as hers. Otherwife, it will be difficult, if not impoffible, 
 to reconcile this declaration with Bifliop Fell's having publifhed 
 all thofe feveral treatiles, as the works of the fame author. 
 For if we could fuppofe Biffiop Fell who had full commiffion 
 to do whatever he pleafedwith fome, if not ail of thofe tradls, to 
 have made ever fo great alterations in them (as indeed he has 
 been complained of for doing fo in another cafe ' ) yet flill I 
 think this will hardly juftify Lady Pakington's pofitively deny- 
 ing herfelf to be the author of thofe works, if they were 
 originally her own compolitions. 
 
 Upon the whole, I hope it appears that Lady Pakington's 
 title to this performance is by fur the cleareft of all thofe to 
 whom it has been attributed. Whether her own title be ab- 
 folutely afcertained, mufl be left to the judgment of the fair 
 and unpreiudiced. And for the other fort of people, who in- 
 fifl upon no Woman's being equal to the undertaking, I would 
 beg them only to refledt, whether this argument does not ra- 
 ther make againfl themfelves: for how improbable it is, while 
 
 ' This ingenious Lady was the wife of England. In a Letter of Hers to a Frieaii, 
 
 Antony E)Te of Rampton in the county of occaftoned by Bijhop Lake's Declaration, That 
 
 Nottingham, Efq. Immediately after the he died in the belief thereof . Lond. 1689, 
 
 Revohition, was publifh'd of her writing, and 1 710. Odlavo. 
 
 a pamphlet intitled, The Opinion of the ' Vid. Mr. Wood's Jth. Oxon. vol. 2. 
 
 fious and learned Mrs. Eyre, Daughter to col. 605. Edition 1 692. Ibid. pag. 
 
 the excellent Lad^ PJ KING TON, con- 481. And alfo Mr. Wood's life pub- 
 
 cerning the Do^rhie ofPaJf've Obedience, as lifted by Mr. Hearne, at the end of 
 
 the Diftinguijhing CharaBer of the Church of The. Cay. Pag. 594, 602. 
 
 the 
 
LADY P A K I N G T O N. 331 
 
 the ladies lie under this imputation, that Lady Pakington could 
 have had fo many concurring teftimonies in her favour, if they 
 had not been founded on real matter of fadl. 
 
 1 fhall now proceed to give a catalogue of all the writings 
 of this excellent author, in the lame order they ftand in the 
 folio edition. 
 
 The Whole Duty of Ma?iy laid down in a plain and familiar 
 way, for the ufe of all, but efpecially the meanejl reader. Divided 
 into 1 7 chapters : one whereof being read evety Lords-day, the 
 whole way be read over thrice in the year. Necejj'ary for all 
 families. With private devotions for fever al occafions, Fol. 
 London, 1725. 
 
 I fliall not attempt to give an account of all the various 
 editions of this and the following treatifcs, they being too 
 numerous to be inferted here ; but it may not be improper to 
 obferve, that The whole Duty of Man was firft printed in 1657 : 
 and that it has been tranflated into Latin by Dr. Richard 
 Lucas : and into Wellh by Dr. William Bell \ She hath alfo 
 written, 
 
 The Caifcs of the Decay of Chriftian Piety. Or an impar- 
 tial Survey of the Ruines of Chri/lian Religion, undermin'd by 
 unchrijlian praSlice, Lond. 1725. And relying upon Bilhop 
 Fell's authority, I prefume to fay flie hath written. 
 
 The Gentleman's Calling, Lond. 1725. This performance 
 was firfl: publiHi'd by Dr. Humphrey Henchman, 1659, with 
 a preface of his own compofing, which is wholly omitted in 
 the Fol. Edition. Likewife 
 
 The Ladies Calling in Two Paj-ts, Lond. 1725. This 
 piece was firft: publiftied by Bifliop Fell, to which he pre- 
 fixed an epirtle to the reader, giving an account after what a 
 
 8 Vid. Wood's Mena^ Oxon. Vol. II. Col. 736. Ed. 1 721 . 
 
 U u private 
 
332 ME TvIOIRS OF 
 
 private manner tlie copy thereof, accompanied with a letter 
 •came to his hands. This epiftle is left out of the Fol. Ed. 
 ne Govenunent of the T^ongue, Lond. 1725. And 
 The Art of Contentment^ Lond. 1725. Alfo 
 T^he Lively Oracles given to us, or the Chri/tiajis Birth-right 
 ■/ind Duty in the CuJIody mid life of the Holy Scriptures, 
 Lond. 1725. 
 
 Thefe are all the works of this author vv'hich are yet known 
 to have been publiflied. The two following compofitions, 
 which have not yet been committed to the prefs, 1 have 
 thought proper to fubjoin to this account, not only as they ap- 
 pear valuable in themfelves, but becaufe a fimilitude of ityle 
 and expreflion, which I believe the reader will obferve between 
 thefe and her other writings, will be a confirmation of what 
 I have endeavoured to prove. They were copied from a ma- 
 Tiufcript at Weftwood, by a lady, who does not give me leave 
 to mention her name, but whofe veracity no one who is ac- 
 quainted with her, will ever call in queftion. 
 
 " A prayer for King Charles the fecond in "his banlfliment. 
 
 " O thou fupreme Majefty, by whom Kings reign ; in whole 
 ■*' hands their hearts are, to turn them whither foever thou. 
 " wilt ; we moft humbly befeech thee to pour down the 
 ■" richeft of thy mercies upon thy fervant our King ; to take 
 ^' him into thine own immediate and fpecial protedlion ; and 
 " proportion thy affiftances and reliefe to the greatnefs of his 
 *' needs and deftitutions, O Lord he is a young unexperienced 
 ■" pylot to fteer fo torn a veiTell in fo impetuous a ftorm : O 
 *' thou that ftilleft the rage of the fea, and the madnefs of 
 *' the people, fay to thefe waves be calmed. If it be thy 
 " will, bring him by a ferene and gentle paiTage to the haven 
 
 " where 
 
LADY PARING TON. 333 
 
 ** where he would be. But if thy wifdom hath othcrwile de- 
 *• figned, and he muft yet longer abide the tempeft, yet, O 
 " Lord, let not the water floods drown him ; be thou his 
 *' guide in this terrible deep ; and furnifli him abundantly 
 " with thofe gifts and graces which are ufcful for him in any 
 " of his capacities. Above all, Lord, grant him to anchor 
 " upon thee, and to weigh all his deliberations, in the ballance 
 " of the fanduary : O Lord, make him llill to remember 
 " there is a God in Ifrael : and let him abhor to fend to the 
 " God of Ekron for help ; by any indircft arts, or unchriftian 
 *' compliances, to put himfelf out of the road of thy bcne- 
 " didlions. Let thy mercy pardon whatfoever hatli already 
 " of this kind pafs from him ; let the unfuccefsfullnefs of thofe 
 " iinifter expedients, but mofl: particularly the fm of them, 
 " be a perpetual document to him to rely no more o\\ liich 
 " broken reeds ; but on the Lord Jehovah, in whom is ever- 
 " lafting ftrength. And when thou haft fecured his affair 
 " from the ill afpedl of his own fins or frailties, be pleafed, O 
 " Lord, to fence them from the more malignant influence ot 
 " ours, and let not that treacherous party within our own 
 " bofom continue to blaft all his enterprizes ; but let our 
 " prayers and tears and penetencies, as earneftly contend for 
 " him, as ever our perjuries, blafphemics, and abominations, 
 " have done againft him. And then, O Lord, when our 
 " iniquities, which feparate between thee and us, are re- 
 " moved ; we know thy hand is not fliortned that it cannot 
 " fave } it it all one with thee to help with many or no 
 " ftrength. 
 
 " Give liilvation to the King ; and, in all outward difiidvan- 
 " tages, let thine own arm fupport, and thy righteoufnefs 
 " fuftain him. Let this little cloud of hope, that feems no 
 " bigger than a man's hand, yet fpread it felf upon the whole 
 
 U u 2 " Heavens, 
 
^-A MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " Heavens and bring down a refreflaing flhower upon him and 
 *' his people. Protedl his facred perfon ; profper his defigns ; 
 " faften him as a nail in a fure place ; and hang upon him all 
 " the glory of his father's houfe ; that he may be a repairer of 
 " the breach, the reftorer of the cities to dwell in ; that he 
 " may be a nurfing father of the church, and may comfort 
 " the wafte places of Sion. But if our fins have fo far in- 
 " cenfed thee, that, as thou haft taken away our King in thy 
 " wrath, fo thou wilt not give us another, unlefs it be in 
 *' thine anger ; if thou haft defigned him to fucceed his bleffed 
 " father, not in his Throne, but in his fufferings ; make him 
 " likewife to fucceed him in his virtues. Give him that in- 
 " ward foveraintye over his own paffions, more valuable than 
 " a thoufand kingdoms ; and let him fo chearfully wear his 
 *' crown of thorns with his Saviour here, that he may receive 
 " a crown of glory from him hereafter, and that for the 
 *' merits of the fame Jefus Chrift. 
 
 " A Prayer for Refignation. 
 
 " Lord, T befeech thee to incline my foul to do and fuffer 
 " thy will, whatfoever it is ; with that readinefs and courage, 
 " and chearfuUnefs here, with which they that do continu- 
 " ally behold thy face, do alwaies excute thy commands de- 
 " livered in heaven. For the time that it fhall by thy will, 
 *' that I attend thy fervice here below, Lord, fhew me the 
 ♦' way that I fliould walk in, that I may not live unprofitably 
 *' before thee. Be thou pleafed to employ me as thy fervant, 
 " tho' moft unworthy that honour, to bring in fome glory to 
 •* thy name ; fome eftimation to thy holy faith whereunto I 
 ** am called ; fome advantage to others, efpecially to thofe 
 •' who are near unto fome improvement in their fpiritual eter- 
 
 " nal 
 
LADY PARING TON. 335 
 
 " nal flate, fome fruit to my account, fome ground of com- 
 " fort and rejoicing to my own foul. Lord, carry me fafe 
 " and unmoved, and undefiled thro' all the unquiet billows 
 " and defilements of this life: and in all the exercifes of my 
 " vigilancy, patience and conftancy, do thou continue to 
 " watch over me. Not to permit me to fall off from them 
 " through any part of the deceitfullnefs of fin, the repeated 
 ** importunity of the tempter, the empty terrors or the allure- 
 " ments of the world, or the floth and treachery of my foul. 
 " Lord, it is thy retraining grace, from which I acknowledge 
 " to have received all the degrees of innocence, thy preven- 
 '* ting and afiifting, from which I have derived all the ftrength 
 " unto vitflory over my fin ; and be thou plcafed to continue 
 " thefc fccurities of thine to me, every hour and minute of 
 " my life ; that under the fliadow of thy wings I may rejoice : 
 " that by this armor of thine, I may have truce, or vidory 
 " over all my ghoflly enemies ; and then, Lord, for viands 
 " of this fliort travail of mine ; for the remainder of it, give 
 *' me a heart to be fatisfied and rejoice in my portion, be it 
 " the meaneft, that thy wifdom, on the fight of my infir- 
 " mities, fiiall fee fitted to chufe for me. And how long or 
 *' how fhort fpace foever thou flialt be pleafed to continue 
 *' me here, be pleafed alfo to continue my thirfl: of thee : 
 " which, without forfaking my fi:ation, may anticipate the 
 *' comfort and joy of beholding thee ; that feeking and 
 " favouring of the things above, I may have my fruit unto 
 *' holinel's, and the end everlailing Ufe, through Jefus Chrifl 
 *' our Lord, Amen." 
 
 She had for fome time before her death been labouring to 
 com pleat a book intitled The Government of the Thoughts, 
 ■which is taken notice of by Bifliop Fell, in the following 
 
 manner. 
 
^36 MEMOIRS OF, &c. 
 
 manner, " Had Almighty God lent longer life to this eminent 
 " perfon, we might have received many and great benefits 
 " by it ; and particularly a juft treatife, which was deligncd 
 " and promifed of The Govermne?it of the Thoughts, an argu- 
 " ment which none had more deeply confidered in it's ut- 
 " mofl: extent, or was better prepared, fully to comprehend 
 " or give dire(flion in ; for as 'tis the prerogative of omnifci- 
 " ence to know the thoughts of others ; fo it requires a great 
 " meafure of divine afliftance and purity of heart to under- 
 '' ftand ones own. And certainly had this work been finifh- 
 " ed, it would have equal'd, if not excelled, whatever that 
 " inimitable hand had formerly wrote." 
 
 And the fame truly primitive prelate informs us, that the 
 compofer of thofe excellent treatifes was " wife, and humble, 
 " temperate, chafte, patient, charitable and devout ; liv'd a 
 " whole age of great auflerities, and maintain'd an undifturbed 
 " ferenity in the midft of them." 
 
 Full of years, and of good works, fhe died May the loth, 
 1679 ; and was buried in a vault in the church at Hampton 
 Lovett, in Worceflerfliire ; where is a fmall memorial of her 
 infcribed at the bottom of the monument eredted for the 
 late Sir John Pakington, which is as follows. 
 
 In the fame Church lyes 
 
 Sir fohn Fackington, K'. and Bar'. 
 
 and his Lady, Grandfather and Gra?id- 
 
 mothcr to the faid Sir John ; the fir ft 
 
 trfd for his Life, and fpent the greatejl 
 
 Part of his Fortune in adhering to 
 
 King Charles L And the latter fuftly 
 
 reputed, the Authorefs of the Whole 
 
 duty of Man : Who was Fxemplary 
 
 Jor her great Fiety and Goodnefs. 
 
 ANNE 
 
M E M O I R S O F 337 
 
 ANNE 
 
 K I L L I G R E W. 
 
 ANNE KILLIGREW, daughter of Dr. Henry 
 Killigrew, Mafter of the Savoy, and one of the Pre- 
 bendaries of Weftminfter, was born in St. Martins Lane in 
 London, in the times of Ufurpation, a little before tlie Re- 
 floration of King Charles the fecond ; and was chridcned in a 
 private chamber, the offices of the common-prayer not be- 
 ing then publickly allowed. 
 
 Her fuperior genius being improved by the advantage of a 
 polite education, fhe became eminent in the arts of poetry 
 and painting : and had it pleafed divine providence to have 
 prolonged lier life, flie might probably have excelled moft of 
 the profeflbrs in both. 
 
 Mr. Dryden feems quite lavifli in her commendation : but 
 as we are alTured by a writer of great probity '', that he bas 
 not faid any thing of her, which flie was not equal to, if not 
 fuperior ; let him be my voucher for her fkill in poetry '. 
 
 * Wood's J/hena Oxo». Vol. II. Col. * Vid. his Odt prefixed to her Fsem, 
 •036 Edit 17^1. Stanz. 5. 
 
 Art 
 
338 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Art flie had none, yet wanted none : 
 
 For nature did that want fupply. 
 
 So rich in treafures of her own, 
 
 She might our boafted ftores defy : 
 
 Such noble vigour did her verfe adorn. 
 
 That it feem'd borrow'd where 'twas only born. 
 
 That great poet is pleafed to attribute to her every excellence 
 in that fcience : but if flie has failed of fome of its excellen- 
 cies, ftill fliould we have great reafon to commend her for 
 having avoided thofe faults by which fome have derived a re- 
 fledlion on the fcience it felf, as well as on themfelves. Speak- 
 ing of the purity and chaftity of her compofitions, he beftows 
 on them this commendation. 
 
 Her Arethufian ftream remains unfoil'd, 
 
 Unmixt with foreign filth, and undefil'd. 
 
 Her wit was more than man, her innocence a child. 
 
 She was a great proficient in the art of painting : and drew 
 King James the fecond and his Queen j which pieces, are 
 highly applauded by Mr. Dryden. She drew feveral hiftory 
 pieces, fome of which will be taken notice of in the cata- 
 logue of her poems ; alfo fome portraits for her diverfion ex- 
 ceedingly well ; and likewife fome pieces of ftill-Iife. Mr. 
 Becket did her pifture in Mezzo-Tinto after her own paint- 
 ing ", which is prefix'd to her poems. 
 
 Thofe engaging and polite accomplifhments were the leafl 
 of her perfedlions ; for fhe crowned all with an exemplary 
 
 ^ Vid. The Art ofPainting, and the Lives oftheFainters, &c. Svo.Lond. 1706. p. 406. 
 
 piety 
 
ANNE KILLIGREW. 
 
 :> 
 
 39 
 
 piety towards God, in a due obfervance of the duties of religi- 
 on, which llie began to pradicc in the early part of her life. 
 But as her uncommon virtues are enumerated in her monu- 
 mental infcription, I Hiall only obferve from Mr. Wood, that 
 file was one of the maids of honour to the Dutchefs of York : 
 And that flie died of the fmall-pox, in the very flower of her 
 age, to the unfpeakable grief of her relations, and all others 
 who were acquainted witli her excellencies, in her father's 
 lodgings within the Cloiller of Weftminfter Abbey, on the 
 1 6th day of June, 1685, in her 25th year. 
 
 Mr. Dryden's mufe put on the mourning habit on this fid 
 occafion, and lamented the death of our ingenious poetefs in 
 very moving ftrains, in a long O D E ; from whence I (hall 
 take the liberty of tranfcribing the eighth Stanza : and the 
 rather, as it docs honour to another female charadler. 
 
 Now all thofe charms, that blooming grace. 
 The well-proportion'd fliape, and beauteous face. 
 Shall never more be feen by mortal eyes j 
 In earth the much lamented virgin lies ! 
 Not wit, nor piety could fate prevent ; 
 Nor was the cruel Dejliny content 
 To finilh all the murder at a blow. 
 To fweep at once her life, and beauty too ; 
 But, like a harden'd fellon, took a pride 
 To work more mifchic\'oufly flow. 
 And plunder'd lirft:, and then deilroy'd. 
 O double facriledge on things divine 
 To rob the rclique, and deface the ilirine ! 
 
 But thus Orinda dy'd : 
 Heav'n, by the fame difeafe, did both tranflate, 
 As equal were their fouls, fo equal was their fate. 
 
 X X She 
 
340 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 She was buried in the Chancel of St. John Baptlft's Chapel 
 in the Savoy Hofpital. On the north fide of which is a very 
 neat monument of marble and free-ftone, fix'd in the wall, 
 on which is engraved a Latin infcription, which I tranfcribed 
 from the monument ; but as the printed one is more full and 
 large, I chofe rather to give it with the Englifh tranllation, as 
 they ftand printed before her poems. 
 
 P. M. S. 
 
 Annae Killigrew, 
 
 Dodloris Killigrew Filias 
 
 quae in Ipfo ^Etatis flore obijt, 
 
 Junij 16, 1685. 
 
 Heu jacet, fato vidla, 
 
 QucB ftabat ubique Vidlrix • 
 
 Forma, ingenio, religione ; 
 
 Plura Collegerat in fe Una, 
 
 Quam vel Sparfa mireris in omnibus. 
 
 Talem quis pingat, nifi penicillo, quod tradlavit ? 
 
 Aut quis canat, nifi Poeta fui iimilis ? 
 
 Cum tanta fciret, hoc unum ignoravit. 
 
 Quanta, nempe, eflet ! 
 
 Aut fi norit, 
 
 Mirare Modefliam, 
 
 Tantis incorruptam dotibus 
 
 Laudes meruifle fatis illi fuit. 
 
 Has ne vel audiret, laudatores omnes fugerat, 
 
 Contenta paterno Lare, 
 
 Dum & fibi Aula patebat adulatrix. 
 
 Mundum 
 
ANNE KILLIGREW. 341 
 
 Mundum fapere an potuit, 
 
 Qua2 ab infantia Chrirtum fapuerat ? 
 
 Non modo femper Virgo, 
 
 Sed & virginum Exemplar. 
 
 Gentis Cux Decus, 
 
 iEvi Splendor, 
 
 Sexus Miraculum. 
 
 Nulla Vertute inferior cuiquam, 
 
 Cuilibet fuperior multa. 
 
 Optimi Delici;i? patris, 
 
 Etiam numerofa optimaque prole fortunatiflimi : 
 
 Priorcm tamen invidit nemo, 
 
 (Seu frater, feu foror) 
 
 Quin potius coluere omnes, omnibus fuavem & officiofam, 
 
 Amorifque commune Vinculum & Centrum. 
 
 Vix ifla credes, Hanc fi nefcieris ; 
 
 Credet majora, qui fcierit. 
 
 Abi Viator, & Flange : 
 Si eam plangi oporteat, 
 Cui, tam pie morienti, 
 Vel Coslites plauferint. 
 
 The fame in EnglifJ?. 
 
 By death, alas, here conquer'd lies. 
 She who from all late bore the prize 
 In beauty, wit, vertue divine : 
 In whom thofe graces did combine, 
 Which we admir'd in others fee. 
 When they but fingly fcatter'd be ! 
 
 X X 2 Who 
 
342 
 
 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Who her, fo Greats can paint befide. 
 The pencil her own hand did guide ? 
 What verfe can celebrate her fame 
 But fuch as {he herfelf did frame ? 
 
 Though much excellence flie did fliovv. 
 And many qualities did know, 
 Yet this, alone, flie could not tell. 
 To wit, How much fie did ex cell. 
 Or if her worth flie rightly knew, 
 More to her modefly was due. 
 That parts in her no pride could raife 
 Defirous ftill to merit praife, 
 But fled, as fhe deferv'd, the bays. 
 Contented always to retire. 
 Court glory fhe did not admire ; 
 Although it lay fo near and fi^ir. 
 It's grace to none more open were : 
 But with the world how fliould fhe clofe, 
 Wlio Chrijl in her firft childhood chofe ? 
 
 So with her parents fhe did live. 
 That they to her did honour give. 
 As flie to them. In a num'rous race 
 And vertuous, the higheil place 
 None envy'd her : lifters, brothers 
 Her admirers were and lovers : 
 She was to all s'obliging fvveet,, 
 All in one love to her did meet. 
 
 A virgin-life not only led, \ 
 
 But it's example might be faid. v 
 
 The \ 
 
ANNE K I L L I G R E W. 343 
 
 The ages ornament, the name 
 That gave her fex and country fame. 
 
 Thofe who her perfon never knewr, 
 Will hardly think thefe things are true : 
 But thofe that did, will more believe, 
 And higher things of her conceive. 
 
 Thy eyes in tears now, reader, fteep : 
 For her if't lawful be to weep, 
 Whofe blelTed and feraphick end 
 Angels in triumph did attend. 
 
 Soon after her death was printed and publiflied a book en- 
 titled Poems (5^ Mrs. Anne Killigrew, London 1686, in a 
 large thin quarto : and contains (befides the publiflier's prefice, 
 Mr. Dryden's long Ode in praife of the author, &cc.) an 100 
 pages. As this book is very fcarce, and difficult to be pro- 
 cured, I will here fubjoin a catalogue of the poems it con- 
 tains, in the enumerating of which, I fliould not otherwife 
 have been (o particular. 
 
 Akxandreis. 
 
 To the ^cen. 
 
 A Paftorat Dialogue. 
 
 0« Death. 
 
 Firft epigram, Upon being contented 'with a Little. 
 
 The fecond epigram, On Belinda. 
 
 The third epigram. On an Atheijl, 
 
 The fourth epigram. On Galla. 
 
 A Tarcivel to Worldly Joys. 
 
 The Complaint of a Lover. 
 
344- M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Love, the Soul of Poetry. 
 
 To my Lady Berkley, affliSled upon her Son my Lord Berkley's 
 early engaging in the Sea Service, 
 
 St. "John Baptift painted by her felf in the Wildernefs, ivith 
 Angeh appearing to him, and ivith a Lamb by him, 
 
 Herodias's Daughter prejenting to her Mother St. John's 
 Head in a Silver Charger, alfo painted by her felf . 
 
 On a FiSlure painted by her felf , reprefenting two Nytnphs of 
 Diana's, one in a Pojliire to Hunt, the other Batheing. 
 
 An InveBive againft Gold. 
 
 The Miferies of Man. 
 
 Upon the faying that my Verfes were made by another. 
 
 In this poem are the following verfes in praife of Mrs. 
 Philips. 
 
 Orinda (Albion's and her fexes grace) 
 Ow'd not her glory to a beauteous face, 
 It was her radiant foul that flion within, 
 Which flruck a luftre through her outward fkin ; 
 That did her lips and cheeks with rofes dye, 
 Advanc't her height, and fparkled in her eye. 
 Nor did her fex at all obftrudl: her fame, 
 But higher 'mong the flars it fixt her name ; 
 What Ihe did write, not only all allow'd, 
 But ev'ry laurel, to her laurel, bow'd ! 
 
 On the Birth-Day of^een Katherine. 
 To ftiy Lord Colrane, in Anfwer to his Complemental Verfes 
 fent me under the Name of Cleanor. 
 The Difcontent, 
 A Pafioral Dialogue. 
 A Paftoral Dialogue. 
 
 On 
 
ANNE KILLIGREW. 345 
 
 On my Aunt Mrs. A. K. drowned und^r London Bridge in 
 the S^ueen's Barge, 1641. 
 
 On a Toung Lady, lohofe Lord was travelling. 
 
 On the Dut chefs of Grafton, under the Name of Allinda, a 
 Song. 
 
 Penelope to Vlyffes. 
 
 An Epitaph on her f elf . 
 
 An Ode. 
 
 Extemporary Counfel given to a young Gallant in a Frolick, 
 
 Chris Charms difj'olved by Eudora. 
 
 Upon a little Lady under the Difcipline of an excellent Perfon. 
 
 On the f oft and gentle Motions of Eudora, 
 
 ELIZABETH 
 
346 M E M O I R S OF 
 
 ELIZABETH WALKER. 
 
 ELIZABETH WALKER was born in London, Ln Buck- 
 lerfbury, on Thurfday the twelfth day of July, A. D. 
 1623. She was the eldell: daughter of Mr. John Sadler, 
 citizen and grocer of London : a man of a very generous 
 and charitable difpofition. He was born at Stratford upon 
 Avon in Warwickfhire, where his anceftors lived in good re- 
 pute ; his father being pofTefled of an eftate of 400 1. per 
 annum. Her mother, Elizabeth Sadler, was the daughter 
 of the Reverend Mr. Dackum, fometime Minifler of Portf- 
 mouth. 
 
 She had an early fenfe of virtue, and piety, being from her 
 childhood moft ftridtly religious ; fo religious, that her tender 
 years were by that means attended with much anxiety and 
 affliftion, about her fpiritual concerns. The awful regard 
 fhe had to the gofpel rules and precepts, made her very tender 
 and fearful of tranfgreffing them : and the flrid: and fevere 
 cenfure flie palled upon any the leaft departure from them, 
 proved the occafion of great uneafmefs to her. 
 
 On the 23d of July, in the year 1650, fhe was married to 
 the Reverend Anthony Walker, D. D. and minifler of Fy- 
 field in the county of Effex. Upon this happy marriage, 
 thofe clouds which fo darken'd her underftanding, and dif- 
 
 quieted 
 
ELIZABETH WALKER. 347 
 
 quieted her foul, were foon diffipated and difpell'd; for by 
 the afliftance of this her mofl friendly guide and diredor, flie 
 overcame all thofe doubts and fears, and diftinguiflied her- 
 lelf very eminently, through the remaining ftages of her life, 
 in a mofl amiable and chearful exercife of every chrifliaa 
 virtue J being a mofl fincere and faithful friend, and of fuch 
 exemplary kindnefs and compaffion to the poor and indigent 
 as hardly to admit of a parallel. How excellent a mother 
 flie was will appear in the fequel of this fliort narration. 
 And her conjugal virtues were fuch, as not only endeared 
 her to her hufband while flie was living, but put him upon 
 endeavouring to tranfmit them to pofterity. This lliort ac- 
 count of lier, is wholly drawn from his hiftory of Iier 
 Holy Life and Death, &c. printed in 8vo. 1690. To which 
 I refer the curious and inquifitive reader. 
 
 The account he gives of her, was, it feems, grounded up- 
 on the long experience he had had of her virtues ; ihe havin? 
 lived with him almoft forty years. 
 
 She died after a fliort illnefs, February 23, 1689-00, and 
 was buried at Fyfield on the 27th of the fame month. 
 
 The Dr. informs us, that after her death, amongfT: her 
 many iifeful and pious writings, he found a large book in 
 ^vo The beginning of which contains many excellent /«- 
 Jtrueitons, and religious direaions, for the ufe of her two 
 daughters, -who -were then living ■ to teach them how to ferve 
 ^od acceptably, and promote the fahation of their folds The 
 latter end bears this title. Some Memorials of God's providences 
 to my hujband, fclj and children. Many fpecimens of this 
 performance may be feen in the Dr's. account of her life 
 biie hkewife wrote Contemplations on the 10 ^th Pfalm, lot'b 
 -^erje. To which is prefixed, a large and pious introduc- 
 
 Y y tion. 
 
348 MEMOIRS OF, G?r. 
 
 tion, fhewing what were the motives that led her to 
 the following thoughts ; which were chiefly, the confider- 
 ation of God Almighty's conflant fupport of the whole cre- 
 ation ; and unlimitted goodnefs .to all the works of his 
 hands. 
 
 The Dr. has publiflied by way of appendix to her life, 
 fome few of the directions fhe compofed for her childrens 
 inftrudions j and feveral of the pious letters, which fhe 
 wrote to her relations and friends. 
 
 ANNE 
 
MEMOIRS OF 349 
 
 ANNE BAYNARD. 
 
 THIS learned and judicious gentlewoman was born at 
 Prefton in Lancafliire : and was the beloved daughter 
 and only child of Dr. Edward Baynard, Fellow of the College 
 of Phyficians, London, (a gentleman of a very antient and 
 genteel family ' ) by Anne his wife, daughter of Robert Ravv- 
 linfon of Carke, in the fame county, Efq; who perceiving her 
 elegant and fprightly genius, joined with a natural propenfity 
 to learning, moft generoufly gave her a very liberal education; 
 which flie improved to the befl and noblefl advantages. All 
 which will appear in a much better light, than I can poffibly 
 place it in, from the ingenious pen of the reverend and learn- 
 ed John Prude, M. A. " whofe charadler of her, upon a moil 
 
 ' Mr. Collier in his Great Hiprical NARD, the firft RALPH, or tlic lail 
 
 Diiiionarx, derives his defcent from the ANNE. 
 
 famous Ralph Baynard, who came into '" From the fermon preach'd at the 
 
 England with King William the firll : parilh church of Barnes, in the county of 
 
 and who for his condud and courage at Surrey, June i6, 1697. Printed in the 
 
 the battle of Haftings, was rewarded by fame year, and dedicated to the Lady 
 
 the conqueror with eighty five lordlhips, Mary Fane ; the Lady Catlierine Loti- 
 
 which are fpecified iuDugdale's Baronage, guvil ; the Lady Rachel Delves ; Madam 
 
 vol I. pag. 461. He made a very great Mary Bampfield; Madam Diana Mon- 
 
 (igure at that time. Si appears from leve- tague; Madam Mary Ewer; Madara 
 
 ral of our hillorians ; and yet, Mr. Collier Catherine Broncker; the three laft related 
 
 makes it a queftion, which has done moft to, and nil admirers of the dcceafed, and 
 
 honour to the name and family of BAY- equally admired by bet. 
 
 y y 2 folemn 
 
350 . MEMOIRS OF 
 
 folemn occafion, will, I prefume, be thought by the candid 
 reader, not to be a panegyrick on her virtues, but a fair nar- 
 ■ rative of them. He himfelf profeffes it to be fuch, and tells 
 us in the introdudory part of his difcourfe, " that as the 
 " learned and ingenious young gentlewoman, did never make 
 " a fliew of any fondnefs or aftedtation in her outward drefs, 
 " when living ; fo a plain and ordinary one may be the better 
 " excufed, now fhe is dead." But more efpecially what he 
 fays of her great learning, is the lefs liable to be fufpedled of 
 flattery, becaufe he feems apprehenfive that the trifling and de- 
 praved tafle of the world, will not fuffer this to be any 
 great means of advancing her reputation. " What I fhall 
 " fay (fays he) in relation to her learning, perhaps may find 
 " but indifferent entertainment in this age, when it is be- 
 " come a fafhion more than ever, for young women to 
 " fpend the greateft portion of their time in ornamentals, 
 " in preparing modifli and accomplifli'd drefles for the body ; 
 " whilft little or no time is laid afide, to adorn the foul 
 *« with decent and ufeful knowledge. 
 
 " The Apoftle St. Paul, indeed acquaints us with certain 
 " women in his time, who were always learning, but never 
 " able to come to the knowledge of the truth. " But {lie 
 *' was none of thofe women, but tlie rather might truly fay,", 
 (however unwilling Jhe might be to fay it) with David, 
 / have more nnderjianding than my teacher s^ I under/land more 
 than the antients. " 
 
 " Which moft evidently appeared to any one that had the 
 " leafl: converfation with her. 
 
 " For, as for learning, whether it be to know and un- 
 *' derfland natural caufes and events, to know the courfes of 
 
 t 2. Tim. Hi. 7. ® Pfelm, cxix. lOO. 
 
 il the 
 
ANNE BAYNARD. 351 
 
 *' the fun, moon, and ftars j the qualities of herbs and plants ; 
 *' to be acquainted with the demonftrable verities of the 
 ** mathematicks j the ftudy of philofophy ; the writings of 
 " the antients, and that in their own proper language, 
 " without the help of an interpreter : Thefe and the like 
 " are the mofl: noble accomplilliments of a human foul, 
 *' and accordingly do bring great delight and fatisfaftion 
 ■" along with them ; and thefe things flie was not only con- 
 " verfant in, but miftrefs of j and that to fuch a degree, 
 " that very few of her fex did ever arrive at. 
 
 " She had from her infancy been trained up in the 
 " knowledge of thefe things, and had made a great pro- 
 *' grefs therein ; and even in her green years, at the age 
 ** of twenty three, was arrived to the knowledge of a 
 *' bearded philofopher. 
 
 " But that which is moft our wonder is ; that one fo young, 
 ** of an infirm conftitution, and the tendercfl: fex, not accuf- 
 *' tomed to the advantages of the philofophick fchools, 
 ** flaould in the hard knotty arguments of metaphyfical 
 *' learning, be a mofl nervous and fubtle difputant. And 
 ** therefore, let none difpair or complain of the roughnefs 
 ** of the path, or the acclivity of virtue's hill, for flie was a 
 ** clear and lively inftance that neither the crabbednefs of 
 " languages, nor the abflrufenefs of arts and fciences can be 
 ** too hard for diligence and application. 
 
 " She took great pains to perfecfl her knowledge in the 
 " Greek Tongue, that fhe might with greater pleafure read 
 *' that elegant father St. Chryfoftome in his own pure and 
 " native ftyle. Her being very well acquainted with the 
 *' Greek Teftament, in which flie was much converfantj 
 " was a great help to improve her fkill in that language. 
 ^ She was not fatisfied with reading only, but having aii 
 
 'J eye 
 
352' MEMOIRSOF 
 
 " eye to that faying of the Great Poet, Semper ego Auditor 
 " tantum^ fhe fet herfelf to the compofing of many things 
 " in the Latin Tongue, which were rare and ufeful in their 
 " kind, and which I have feen with abundance of delight 
 " and fatisfadion. Wherein it does appear fhe had a beauty 
 *' in her ftyle, as well as in her countenance, and if they 
 " fhall be made publick will be the admiration, as well as 
 " the entertainment of the thinking part of mankind. She 
 " had indeed a vaft and comprehenfive knowledge, a large 
 " and exalted mind, a ftrong and capacious memory, ftill 
 *' coveting more and more knowledge ; and in this particular 
 <' alone flie would often fay," // "voas afm to be contented 'with 
 but a little. 
 
 " But after all this, with what profound humility, with 
 " what proftration of mind, would fliecry out with St, Paul," 
 7 count all things but lofs^ for the excellency of the knowledge 
 of Chrijl Jefus my Lord. ■" 
 
 " In which ftudy flie was no fmall proficient, and has often 
 " by her nervous arguments, and by the grace of God which 
 " was in her, put to filence fome of thofe bold men, who 
 " have attempted (even in thefe our days, when the light 
 *' of the gofpel is fo clearly fhining among us) to revive that 
 " old baffled herefie of Socinus : and fhe did much lament 
 *' that fuch lewd opinions fhould gain any footing, or the leafl 
 «' entertainment among thofe that profefs the religion of the 
 «' Crucify 'd Jefus. 
 
 " I have heard her fay, that human learning was worth 
 " nothing, unlefs as a handmaid it led to the knowledge of 
 «' Chrift revealed in the gofpel," as our only Lord and 
 Samour, 
 
 P Philip, lii. 8. 
 
 " And 
 
ANNEBAYNARD. 353 
 
 *' And would difcourfe very finely after this manner. 
 
 Tf^jat availeth Solomon's Jkill in all the ivorks of nature^ If 
 by them we he not brought to fee the God cf nature ? 
 
 What is it faith (he, to be fo fkilful in AJlronomy, as that 
 •we can foretel things here below, if we never jludy by our holy 
 ,pra£fices to come thither ? 
 
 What is it to be fo fkilful in Arithmetick, as that we can 
 divide, and fubdivide to the fmallefl fractions ? if (as God 
 hath revealed unto us in his holy word J We do not fo learn 
 to number our days, that we may apply our hearts unto 
 wifdom. ' 
 
 What is it (fays fhe) for a phyfician to be fo fkilful in for e^ 
 feeing and preventing the difeafes of the body, if (as God hath 
 revealed unto him) he knoweth not where to find that balm 
 cf Gilead, the Wine and Oil of that Samaritan, the Lord fefus, 
 to pour into the fefier'd JFounds of his own foul and con- 
 fcience. ' 
 
 " Such as this was her frequent difcourfe, and will well 
 *' enough lead me to the fecond grace that did fliine in her 
 .*• mofl brightly, and that was her Piety. 
 
 " And that as it branches it felf out into thefe two known 
 " duties, publick and private. 
 
 " As for the publick, flie was a conftant frequenter of the 
 " word and Sacrament, and the prayers of the church, which 
 *' call for our daily attendance : She never miffed, unlefs hin- 
 " dred by fome bodily infirmity, to which in the latter part 
 ** of her life fhe had been too fubjeft. 
 
 " Her private piety and devotion was no lefs, by which 
 *' fhe dieted her foul j and in her chamber, with holy David, 
 fje communed with her own heart, privately examining the 
 
 ? Pfalm, xcix. 1 2. .' Jerem. vi. 1 1 . 
 
 *' flate 
 
354- MEMOIRS OF 
 
 *' ft ate and condition of her foul, that/;^ might Jiand hi atve, 
 
 and ?iot fin. 
 
 " She greedily catch'd at all opportunities of retirement, 
 «' that flie might have the better entercourfe with Heaven; as 
 " knowing it the fureft way of overcoming the world, and 
 " living above it, was to fequefter herfelf from it ; and the 
 " beft preparatory for death, was dying daily In holy folitude 
 " and privacy : by which (lie had fo difpofed her mind for 
 " the time of her dlfTolution, that it pleafed God to give 
 " her fome diftant prefages of It. 
 
 " About two years before her death, her meditations lead- 
 " ing her in her folitary walks Into the church-yard ; and 
 *' refting herfelf in the porch there, and no doubt ruminating 
 en her mortality, which the place fuggefled to her, a fudden 
 " thought ; a ftrong Impulfe broke in upon her mind, that 
 " in a fhort time flie fliould die, and be buried in that 
 " very church-yard ; which was fo far from cafling any 
 ♦' horror or melancholy upon her fpirits, that on the con- 
 " trary, it made her in love with the place, and flie did 
 *' ever after defire to retire thither, and did accordingly chufe 
 " it for her burial-place. 
 
 " The third thing that I mentioned, was her charity, 
 " which, under her circumftances, could not be very extra- 
 " ordinary as to the fum, yet was it fo as to the chearfulnefs 
 «' and conftancy of her giving ; for whatever her allowance 
 « was, flie duely laid afide a certain portion of it to charitable 
 «' and pious ufes : neither did her charity reft here, but raifed 
 «' it felf to a higher degree of fpirituality, and beyond the 
 *' fcene of this world : fhe had a great love for the fouls of 
 " men ; and was heartily afflidled with the errors, follies, 
 " and vices of this prefent age, to fee that thofe who call- 
 " ed themfelves chriftians fliould by bad principles and worfe 
 
 " practice. 
 
ANNEBAYNARD. 355 
 
 " praftlce, diHionour their profefTion, and not only hazard 
 *' their own f^ilvation, but that of their weak brother too, 
 ** for whom Chrift died : and this temper of mind made her 
 *' not only importunate in her interceflions for the good of 
 *' the world, but gave her courage and difcretion above her 
 " years or fex, to benefit the fouls of thofe flie converfed 
 " with, by friendly reproof, good counfcl, or fome learned 
 *' or pious difcourfe. 
 
 " In the exercife of this chriftian love flie lived, in this 
 *' flie died ; and here that I may not be thought to flourifh 
 *' only in this matter, be pleafed to underlland, that flie de- 
 " fired me [faith the Revd. Mr. Prude] on her death bed, that 
 " I would exhort all young people to the ftudy of wifdom 
 *' and knowledge, as the means to improve their virtues, 
 " and bring them to the trueft happinefs : and this I think, I 
 " cannot do better, than in the words which were taken 
 " from her own mouth, juft upon her departure, when her 
 " foul was hovering upon her lips, ready to take the wing 
 " for that other world. 
 
 " Her words were thefe, which were faithfully pen'd 
 *' down and delivered into my own hands." 
 
 T dcfire (fays flie) that all young people jnay be exhorted to the 
 praSlice of virtue, and to eticreaje their knowledge by the ftudy 
 of philofophy, and more ejpccially to read the great book of 
 7iature, ivhcrein they may fee the ivifdom and power of the great 
 creator, in the order of the iiniverfe, and in the produtlion, 
 and prefervation of all thifigs. It will fix in their minds a 
 love to fo much perfeSlion, frame a divine idea, and an aw- 
 full regard of God, which will heighten devotion, and lower the 
 fpirit oj pride, and give a habit and difpoftion to his fervice ; 
 
 Z z it 
 
356 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 it ivill make us tremble at Jolly and profanenefs, and command 
 reverence and projlration to his great and holy jtame. 
 
 That Women (fays fhe) are capable of fuch improvements, 
 'which will better their judgments and underJiandi/igSy is pa/i 
 all doubt ; ivoiild they but Jet to it in earneft, andjpendbut half 
 of that tifne in Jludy and thinking, ivhich they do in vifits, 
 "vanity and folly. 'Tiooidd introduce a compofure of mind, and 
 lay a found bafis, and ground-work for ivifdom and knonjuledge, 
 by which they would be better enabled to ferve God, and help 
 their neighbours. 
 
 Mr. Prude being minifter of the parllli, had undoubtedly 
 frequent opportunities of forming a right judgment, of this 
 gentlewoman. But tho' he has given us fuch a large, and 
 fatisfadtory account of her feveral excellencies, yet he feems 
 to lament it as his misfortune, that he knew her fo late ; " I 
 " fliould other wife (fays he) have learned much more from 
 " her ; I fliould as the wife man fpeaks of wifdom in general, 
 *' have" attended to her wifdom, and bowed mine ear unto her 
 under jlandijig. 
 
 The character which Mr. Collier has given her, in his 
 Great Hiftorical DiSlionary, tho' fhort, is fo full, and com- 
 prehenfive, as to take in fome particulars which even Mr. 
 Prude had taken no notice of. " Anne Baynard (fays he) 
 " for her prudence, piety and learning, deferves to have her 
 " memory perpetuated ; being not only well {killed in the 
 *' learned languages, but in all manner of learning and philo- 
 " fophy, without vanity or affedation. Her words were 
 " few, well chofen and expreffive. She was feldom feen 
 " to fmile, being rather of a referved and flolcal difpofition ; 
 " which fed of philofophers flie moft affefted ; their doc- 
 •' trine (in moft parts) feeming agreeable to her natural 
 
 *' temper 3 
 
ANNEBAYNARD. 357 
 
 f' temper; for flie never read, or fpake of them, but with a 
 " fort of delight and pleafingnefs in her countenance : fhc had 
 *' a great contempt of the world, efpecially of the finery and 
 " gaiety of life : flie had a great regard and veneration for the 
 " facred name of God, and made it the whole bufinefs of 
 *' her life, to promote his honour and glory ; and the great 
 " end of her lludy was, to encounter Athielb and Liber- 
 *' tines, as may be (ecn in fome fcvere fatyrs written in the 
 " Latin Tongue, in which language flie had a great readinefs 
 " and fluency of expreflion ; which made a gentleman of no 
 " fmall parts and learning fay of her, 
 
 Annam gens Solyma^a, Annam gens Belgica jadat ; 
 At fuperas Annas, Anna Baynarda, duas. 
 
 She died at Barnes in the county of Surrey, on the 1 2th 
 of June, 1697, and was buried the 26th of the fame month, 
 at the eaft end of the church-yard at that place ; where is a 
 fmall monument in memory of her, on which are infcribed 
 fome Englifli verfes, by no means worthy of her j and at the 
 bottom, 
 
 Anne Baynard, obiit 
 
 Jun. 12. Ann. JEtnt. {\ix 25 Chrifli 
 
 1697. 
 
 O mortales ! quotufquifque veftrum cogitat, 
 
 ex hoc momento pendet iEternitas. 
 
 But Mr. Brown has well fupplied this deficiency by the 
 following ingenious copy of Alcaick " verfes on her death. 
 
 ' Vid. Vol. 3. pages 288, 289, 290. Edit. 1744- 
 
 Z z 2 In 
 
35B MEMOIRSOF 
 
 In immaturum obltum Anna Baynard, filiae Edvardi Bay^ 
 yiard, M. D. Virginis eruditiffimae, quae pridie Id. Jun. 
 Anno Dom, 1697^ 
 
 Plam anhnam efflavk. 
 
 Ergo erudltam perpetuus fopor 
 Urget Baynardatn ? Praecipe lugubres 
 
 Thalia cantus, & feveros 
 
 Quaere modos graviore plediro. 
 O Anna fecll degeneris ftupor ! 
 Gentis Britannae fpes, amor & decus ! 
 
 O virgo in jeternum facratis 
 
 Pieridum memoranda faftis ! 
 Aptem decoros unde Lyrae Modos ? 
 <^a voce laudes aggrediar tuas. 
 
 O digna cantari Novenis 
 
 Caftalidum numeris piarum ! 
 Te Graia Pallas nutriit in linu 
 Mufae vocarunt te Latis fuam : 
 
 Te dote non una fuperbam 
 
 In medios Sophia receflus 
 'Apollo duxit : fie tibi femina 
 Isfafcentis orbis, fie penetralia, 
 
 Magnique naturae labores, 
 
 Et vacuae patuere fedes : 
 Qua vi tumefcant aequora, fubdolum 
 Xiunae quid orbem proferat, aut premat: 
 
 Quid contumax venti propago 
 
 JEjoUjs ineditentur antris ; 
 
ANNEBAYNARD. 2S9 
 
 Unde Iris arcum pingere geftiat, 
 C^is motor axem dirigit aureum : 
 
 Cur horridum fnlgens Cometes 
 
 Syrma minax per inane jadlet. 
 Non te fagittis, ut reliquas, puer 
 JLufit Cupido J nempe animum deus 
 
 Implevit ingentem, & capaces 
 
 Igne facro tetigit medullas : 
 Qualem trementi vidit in arbore 
 Moffs, benigno lumine fplendidum, 
 
 Denfos per errores comarum 
 
 MobUibus finuare gyris 3 
 Cum flamma frondes lamberet innocenfi 
 Jlamis jocofos incutiens metus, 
 
 Blandique veftirent calores 
 
 Attonitum fine fraude veprem. 
 Utcunque verno dura necefiitas 
 Te flore decerptam abftulerit tuis. 
 
 Quid ludui indulgemus atro ? 
 
 Parte tui meliore vivis. 
 Sic fe renafcene funere fertili 
 I'hasbetis ales morte refeminat, 
 
 Buftoque committit fideli 
 
 Emeritos rediturus artus. 
 Hinc te micantem virgineo in Choro 
 Comaia caftis excipit ofculis, 
 
 Schurmanna te vifam ftupefcens 
 
 Inde cupit, fruiterque vifa. 
 Circum decora ferta manu ger^ne 
 Coeli juventas confluit, aureos 
 
 Mirata Sermones, & alta 
 
 Aure ibnos bibit efficaces, 
 
 Te 
 
36<? MEMOIRS OF, &c. 
 
 Te candor, aequi confcia te Fides, 
 Te ignara Zonam folvere Caflitas, 
 Te Veritas bkndum renidens 
 iEtheriis comitantur arvis. 
 Trejlona felix, ubere quae finu 
 Annain tulifti ! te memores canent 
 Fauftam Camoenae, tu fereris 
 Perpetua fuper aftra fama : 
 Nee Smyrna, vatis Maeonii parens. 
 Nee quEe Maronem Mantua protulit, 
 Durabit aeque, Orae'la vatum 
 Siquid habent celebrata veri. 
 
 ELIZABETH 
 
M E M O I R S O F 361 
 
 ELIZABETH LEGGE. 
 
 ELIZABETH the eldeft daughter of Edward Lcgge, 
 Efq; (an anceftor of the Earl of Dartmouth's) by 
 Mary his wife, daughter of Percy WalHi of Moyvallie ; 
 was boi-n about the middle of the reign of Queen Elizabeth ; 
 viz. 1580. She had an excellent genius for languages, and 
 having good care taken of her education, became well 
 fkill'd in the Latin, Englilh, French, Spanifli, and Irifli 
 Tongues. What ufe ihc made of this learning, or whether 
 ihe wrote or tranilated any thing I know not. But, as I 
 have the honour of being informed by the Right Honourable 
 Countefs of Dai-tmouth, (he was blind many years before her 
 death ; which was thought to have been occafion'd by much 
 reading and writing by candle light : and that flie was efteem'd 
 a good poet. She fpent the greater part of her life in Ireland ; 
 and died unmarried toward die latter end of the feventeenth 
 century, aged 105 years. 
 
 The longevity of this family Is very remarkable. This lady 
 had fix brothers, and fix fifters. William the eldeft diftin- 
 guiflied himfelf in a very fignal manner by his great prudence, 
 valour and loyalty to his Prince, King Charles the firfl ; and 
 died Odober 13, 1670, in the 82d year of his age. 
 
362 MEMOIRS OF ^r. 
 
 John Legge, the fourth brother, was a Lieutenant Colonel 
 In the Marquis of Antrim's Regiment in Ireland, in the time 
 of King Charles I. Deputy Governor of Jerfey, in the reign 
 of King James the fecond. And Ranger of Whichwood 
 Foreft where he died in the year 1702, aged 109 years. 
 
 Margaret, third daughter, was wife of Fitz-Gerald, Efq; 
 
 lived above an hundred years, and was buried in Ireland. 
 
 Anne fixth daughter was married to — • — Anthony, Efq; and 
 died in the 1 12th year of her age, in 1702. 
 
 And it may not be unworthy of remark, that their grand- 
 father William Legge, Efq; died in the 93d year of his 
 age. Vid. 3d. vol. of Mr. Collins's Peerage, pag. loi, 102. 
 
 LADY 
 
MEMOIRS OF 363 
 
 A D 
 
 E T H I N. 
 
 GRACE LADYGETHIN, daughter of Sir George 
 Norton, of Abbots-Leigh in the county of Somerfet, 
 Knight and Baronet, and of Frances his wife ; and wife of 
 Sir Richard Gethin, of Gethin-Grott in Ireland, Baronet ; 
 was born (perhaps at Abbots-Leigh abovenientioned) 1676. 
 
 Her mother being a lady of great piety, and uncommon 
 abihties ; and obferving in her daughter a capacity capable of 
 great improvement, took proper care in giving her all the ad- 
 vantages of a liberal education. And the quick and early ad- 
 vances (he made in this way, were an ample recompence 
 for all the pains which had been taken with her : She foon 
 difcerned that true chriftian virtue, is the mofl defirable at- 
 tainment of which we are capable ; and that the beft ufe that 
 can be made of a fuperior underftanding, is to enable us to 
 acquire further degrees of real goodnefs ; fo that her know- 
 ledge was not more extraordinary, than was her commend- 
 able and pious application of it. Dr. Birch obferves ', that to 
 
 * In his Anni'vcrfary Sermon on her death, March, i 700 : and printed at the end of 
 preached in Wellminftcr-Abbey 28th of Lady Gethins Remains. 
 
 A a a thefe 
 
364 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 thefe her acquired abilities, were joined a natural probity of 
 temper, a meek and candid behaviour, a remarkable Juftice 
 and charity of aftion, and above all a fober and unaffected 
 piety ; which are but a part of her happy charadler. Her 
 reading and obfervations were very extraordinary conlidering 
 her years ; for flie had confidered and refleded on the human 
 pallions, with an unufual penetration and accuracy of judg- 
 ment ; and had laid fuch a fubftantial foundation for her con- 
 dudl in life, as would have made her a fliining example of 
 every chriftian virtue ; highly ufeful to all her acquaintance, 
 and extremely agreeable to all fuch as were worthy of it. 
 They could not have failed to receive both benefit and delight, 
 from thofe virtues, which in her writings flie has recom- 
 mended with fuch forcible arguments, and adorned with fuch 
 beautiful images ; but providence thought proper to deprive the 
 world of this advantage very foon. And yet, as (a learned pre- 
 late fpeaks in a parallel cafe") all this goodnefs and all this 
 excellence was bounded within the compafs of twenty years ; 
 for no longer was fhe allowed to live among us. She was 
 fnatched out of the world as foon almofl as flie had made 
 her appearance in it ; like a jewel of high price, juft fliewn a 
 little, and then put up again,; and her acquaintance were 
 deprived of her by that time they had learned to value her : 
 but fhe had learned betimes how to die, and what eftimate 
 to make of this flattering and inconftant world ; which made 
 her without the leaft reluftance, furrender up her pious foul 
 to God who gave it, Odtober the nth, 1697, in the 21ft 
 year of her age ; and was buried in Weftminfter Abbey : 
 on the fouth fide of which is eredled to her memory, a beau- 
 tiful monument of black and white, and white vein'd marble, 
 
 » Bifhop Atterbury, in his funeral difcourfe on the death of Lady Cutts. 
 
 of 
 
L A D Y G E T H I N. 365 
 
 of the Ionic order, adorned with the flatue of a lady in full 
 proportion, in a kneeling poflure ; in her right hand a book, 
 the left on her breaft, between two Angels, one offering her 
 a crown, the other a chaplet, on which is engraved the fol- 
 lowing infcription ". 
 
 Tb the pious memory of Dame Grace Gethin, ivije of Sir 
 Richard Getbiii, of Gethin Grot in Ireland, Baronet, daughter 
 of Sir George Norton, and grand-daughter of Sir George Nor- 
 ton, Knights ; and great grand-daughter of Sir JVillia.-n Oicen 
 of Salop, Sir Thomas Freak of Dcrfet, and Sir Thomas Cul- 
 pepper of Kent, Knights, who being adorned -with all graces 
 and perfeSlions of mind and body, crowned them all ivith ex- 
 emplary patience and humility ; and having the day before her 
 death mo/l devoutly received the holy communion, which /he [aid 
 JJoe would not have omitted for ten thoufand worlds, fie plainly 
 evinced her fure and certaiji hope of future blifs : yind thus 
 continuing fenfble to the laft, Jhe refigned her pious foul to 
 God, in fervent tranfports of fpiritual joy and comfort, for her 
 near approach to the heavenly glory. 
 
 Obiit 1 1 OBob. in the year > -^ r j e 
 
 •' S of our Lord logj. 
 
 Her dear and difconfolate parents, for a lajling memorial of 
 this her Godly and Blefj'ed End, have ereSled this monument, fx' 
 being the laji of their ijjue. 
 
 The Arms : Azure, a Buck fpringant Argent, attired Or, 
 on an Efcutcheon of Pretence of the 3d. Two Bars Gules, 
 a Chief of the Firft. 
 
 '■'' Vid. Crull's Antiq. of Weftminfter Abbey, p. 245, 246, 247. 
 
 A a a 2 Argent, 
 
366 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Argent, on a Bend between two Lions paffant Sable, Three 
 Efcallop Shells Or. 
 
 This impaled alfo with the fecond, with the addition of an 
 Efcutcheon Ermin on the Chief. 
 
 She wrote, and left behind her in loofe papers, a work, 
 which foon after her death was methodized and publifhed, 
 with the following title, Reliqiice Gethiniance. Or, fome re- 
 mains of the mojl ingenious aiid excellent lady, Grace Lady 
 Gethin, lately deceajed. Beijig a colleSlion of choice difcourfeSy 
 pleafayit apothegms, and witty fentences. Written by her for 
 the moji part by ivay of ejjay, and at fpare hours. London, 
 J 700, 4to. with her pidlure before it. This work confifts of 
 ingenious difcourfes upon Friendfnp, Love, Gratitude, Death, 
 Speech, Lying, Idlenefs, of the World, Secrecy, Profperity, and 
 Ad-ver/ity, Of Children, Cowards, Bad-Poets, Indiferency, 
 Cefiforiotfnefs, Revenge, Boldnefs, Of Toicth and Age, Cujlom, 
 Charity, Peadiiig, Beauty, Flattery, Riches, Of Honour and 
 high Places, Of Pleafure, Sufpicion, Exciifes, And lajlly 
 Mifcellanies. 
 
 Mr. Congreve employed his poetic genius in praife of this 
 treatife. Speaking of the fliortnefs of life, and the difficulty 
 of attaining knowledge, he proceeds thus ". 
 
 Who-e'er on this reflefts, and then beholds. 
 
 With ftrift attention, what this book unfolds. 
 
 With admiration ftruck, fhall queftion who 
 
 So very long could live, fo much to know ? 
 
 For fo compleat the finifli'd piece appears. 
 
 That learning feems combin'd with length of years ; 
 
 And both improv'd by purefl wit, to reach 
 
 At all that fludy, or that time can teach. 
 
 * Vid. the 5th vol. oi Mi/cellany Poems, publifh'd by Mr. Dryden, pages 158, 159. 
 
 For 
 
LADY G E T H I N. 367 
 
 For perpetuating this lady's memory a fermon is to be 
 preached in Weftminfler Abbey, yearly, on Afh-Wednefday 
 for ever. Her Remains being very fcarce, and difficult to be 
 procured, a fpecimen of her abilities from thence may not be 
 unacceptable. 
 
 Her refined and juft notions of friendfhip, may be learned 
 by the following tranfcript from her dilcourfe upon that 
 head. 
 
 " Friendlliip (fays (he) is the allay of forrow, the cafe of 
 " our paffion, the difcharge of our oppreflion, the fandtuary 
 " to our calamities, the counfellor of our doubts, the clarity 
 " of our minds, the remiffion of our thoughts, and the 
 " improvement of whatever we meditate. Virtue, learning 
 " and abilities, may be defpifed ; only friendfliip is known to 
 " be fo ufeful and profitable, that none can defpife it. 
 
 " He that doth a bafe thing in zeal to his friend, burns 
 " the golden thread that ties their hearts together. The great- 
 " efl: bond and demonftration of real friendfliip, is to chufe 
 " to have his friend advanced in honour, in reputation, in the 
 " opinion of wit or learning before himfelf Certainly, friend- 
 " fliip is the greateft bond in the world, which is the mar- 
 " riage of fouls: it hath no other mcafures but its own, being 
 " it ielf as great as can be exprefled. Beyond death it cannot 
 " go, to death it may ; friendfliip being the greatefl bravery 
 " and ingenuity in the world : he is to be chofen my friend 
 " who is moft worthy and mofl: excellent in himfelf; not he 
 " that can do moft good to me. Chufe to your friend him 
 *' that is wife, good, fecret, ingenious and honeft ; all which 
 " are the very food of friendfliip." 
 
 How much flie abhorr'd and detefted the monftrous vice 
 of lying ; and how lively flic has painted this enormous crime 
 in all its various deformities, her excellent difcourfe upon that 
 
 fubjeft 
 
368 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 fubjeft is an ample demonftration of. The beginning of it 
 runs thus. 
 
 " A man tliat lyetb is an hedor towards God and a coward 
 " towards man ; for a lye faces God, and ilirinks from men, 
 " No pleafure is comparable to the ftanding upon the advan- 
 " tage ground of truth ; an hill not to be commanded, and 
 " where the air is always clear and ferene, A lye ferves for 
 " diffimulation, for perfidioufnefs, and almoft all crimes. To 
 " lye for nothing is foolifh, and to lye for intereft is a great 
 " fault. There is nothing fo contrary to the Godhead as 
 " lying, for truth is his infeparable attribute." 
 
 No one feems to have had a greater regard and eileem for 
 learning, or to know the advantages accruing from thence 
 better than fhe. 
 
 " Reading (lays flie) ferves for delight, for ornament, and 
 " for ability ; it perfedls nature, and is perfected by experi- 
 «' ence ; the crafty condemn it, fimple admire it, and wife 
 " men ufe it. Some books are to be tafted or fwallowed, 
 " and fome few to be chewed and digefted. Reading makes 
 " a full man, conference a ready man ; and writing an exadl 
 " man. He that writes little, needs a great memory ; he that 
 " confers little, aprefentwit; and he that reads little, needs 
 " much cunning to make him feem to know that which he 
 " does not. Hifiory makes men wife j poetry witty ; mathe- 
 " maticks fubtle, philofophy deep, morah grave, logick and rhe- 
 " torick able to contend ; nay, there is no impediment in the 
 " wit but may be wrought out by fit ftudy, where every de- 
 " fed of the mind hath its proper ^receipt." 
 
 Hear how emphatically fhe fpealcs of death. 
 
 " To have death eafie ; think of that glorious life that fol- 
 «' lows it ; we can endure pain for health, much more for 
 " glory : how many crowns and fcepters lie piled up at the 
 
 " gate 
 
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 (C 
 
 LADY GETHIN. 369 
 
 gate of death ? have we fo often feen our felves die in our 
 friends, and fliould we flirink at our own change ? hath 
 our maker and redeemer fent for us, and are we loath to 
 go to him who will put us in poffeflion of a glorious 
 inheritance ? 'twas for us our Saviour triumph'd over 
 death : is there any fear of a foiled adverfary ? he that 
 lives chriftianly, dies boldly ; lie that lives miferably, dies 
 willingly : he that knows death, and forefees glory, dies 
 chearfully and triumphantly." 
 
 LADY 
 
370 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 A D 
 
 H A L K E T. 
 
 ANNA, LADY HALKET, was born at London, the 
 fourth day of January, 1622. She was the daughter 
 of Mr. Robert Murray, who claimed the honour of being 
 defcended from the Earl of TuUibardin's family : as her 
 mother Jane Drummond did from the Earl of Perth's ; two 
 ancient and honourable families in Scotland. 
 
 Her father Robert Murray was a gentleman of fuch fine 
 accomplifliments that King James the 6th of Scotland, and 
 firft of England, made choice of him to be preceptor to his 
 fecond fon, who was afterwards King Charles the firil. In 
 regard to the great fervice he had done that excellent Prince, 
 in the feveral branches of polite literature, and in recompence 
 of his faithful difcharge of that great truft, he was made 
 Provoft of Eaton College. 
 
 Her mother was a perfon of eminent prudence and virtue ; 
 and was by the King and Queen's verbal order made fub- 
 governefs to the Duke of Gloucefter and the Princefs Eliza- 
 beth, during the time that the Countefs of Roxburgh their 
 governefs went and continued beyond fea with the Princefs 
 Royal. And after the death of the faid Countefs, (who 
 
 owned 
 
LADY HAL KET. 371 
 
 owned Mrs. Murray for her coufin) flie fucceeded to her 
 office by warrant under the fignet. They who were thought 
 capable of fuch eminent trufts, muft needs be fuppofed to 
 be well qualified to take proper care of the education of their 
 own children j nor did they fail of doing it. Anna was 
 put under the tuition of proper maflers to inflru6t her in the 
 French language, Mufic, &c. 
 
 Next to the ftudies of divinity, flie fecms to have taken 
 mofl: delight in thofe of phyfick and furgery, in which flie 
 was no mean proficient : nay, fome of the bed phyficians in 
 the kingdom did not think themfelves flighted, when perfons 
 of the greateft quality did confult her in their diftempers, 
 even while they attended them as their ordinary phyficians. 
 Many from England, Holland, and the remoteft parts of the 
 kingdom, who wanted not the advife and help of flcilful 
 phyficians, have fent to her for things of her preparing : 
 and many whofe difeafes have proved obftinate under all the 
 methods of phyficians, have at length by the phyficians own 
 advice, been recommended and fent to her care, and have 
 been recovered by her. 
 
 She was a very great Royalift ; and a great fufferer upon 
 that account ; and likewife underwent many great calamities 
 and misfortunes : but having throughly learned the duty of 
 refignation, flie drew from it fuch fupport as enabled her con- 
 tentedly and chearfuUy to fubmit to thefe and many other fuf- 
 ferings. 
 
 She was a perfon of great knowledge, having fearched for 
 it, as for hidden treafiire ; efpecially in thofe inexhauftible 
 mines of the divine oracles, where the mofl excellent wifdom, 
 is found. She was fo well acquainted with thefe facred 
 books, by long and frequent converfe, that flie was able 
 readily to urge any point of faith or duty of chriftian prac- 
 
 B b b ticc 
 
57t MEMOIRS OF 
 
 tice from feveral moft pertinent paflages. She had digelled all 
 her knowledge into a folid principle of true wifdom, for 
 regulating her own life and edifying others. 
 
 Her piety had nothing of morofenefs or affedlation, but 
 "was free and ingenuous, as if natural to her ; full of fweetnefs 
 and gentlenefs ; which made it amiable, and impreiTive : 
 her gravity and ferioufnefs had a grace and air fo taking and 
 agreeable, as begot both reverence and love. She allotted five 
 hours for devotion, which were thus fpent. From five, to 
 feven in the morning ; from one in the afternoon, to two j 
 from fix to feven ; and from nine, to ten. 
 
 Upon the fecond day of March, 1656, fhe was mai'ried 
 to Sir James Halket, a gentleman of great generofity and 
 fweetnefs of temper : by him fhe had four children, viz, 
 Elizabeth born November the 26th, 1656. Henry born June 
 13, 1658. Robert born February ifr, 1660. And Jane 
 born Odlober 11, 1661. All died young except Robert. 
 Whenever fl^e knew herfelf to be with child, flie ufually de- 
 voted the fruit of her womb, to God. When big of her 
 firft child, being firfi; apprehenfive that fhe might dye in 
 child-birth, flie wrote that, which flie called "Tbe Mothers 
 JVill to the unborn Child, containing excellent inftrucftions. 
 She was Sir James's wife fourteen years, and furvived him 
 2 8 . And having lived to a good old age in the conftant exer- 
 cife of the moft exemplary piety and devotion, the mofl exten- 
 five ads of charity, and all the good offices and duties required 
 of a chriilian, fhe at lafl furrendered up her pious foul, on 
 Saturday between feven and eight o'clock at night, April 
 •22, 1699. 
 
 The catalogue of her writings as I find them drawn up at^ 
 
 the end of her life \ are as follows. 
 
 y Written by S. C. and prefixed to fome 410. From whence this fliort account is . 
 sof-her works, printed atEdinburgh, 1 701, abftrafted. 
 
 Firil 
 
LADY HAL KET. 373 
 
 FIrfl; book in folio bound, of 152 pages, containing thefe 
 following fubjedls. i. Meditatmu and Prayers, upon the 
 Miracles wrought by our Lord Jefus Chriji, recorded by St. 
 'John. 2. Of Meditation, Prayer and PraSlice. 3. Medi- 
 tations upon one Verfe of every Pfalin, continued to the ^oth 
 Pfahn. 4. AJl^ort Meditation on the Lord's Supper. 5. Me- 
 ditations and Vows, Pfalm Ivi. v. 12, 13. Written on fome 
 remaining leaves of this book upon her deliverance from the 
 danger of child-birth, June 13, i6j8. 
 
 The fecond book in folio bound, of 376 pages, containing 
 thefe follow^ing fubjedts, written 1649, 1650. i. Meditations 
 and Refolutions ft to be put in Practice, in twenty chapters. 
 
 2. Meditations on the Lord's Supper, and private Prayers. 
 
 3. Sele^ Contemplations on Thirty fever al Texts of Scripture. 
 
 4. The Souls Progrefs. 5. The original and ufe of Scripture. 
 6. The Souls Remembrancer. 
 
 The third book in folio unbound, of 59 pages, written 
 1 65 I , Meditations on the 2 ^th Pfalm. 
 
 The fourth book in folio unbound, of 73 pages, written 
 
 1652. Meditations on Death, from Hebrews ix. v, 27. 
 
 The fifth book in folio bound, of 150 pages, written from 
 
 1653, to 1675, contains thefe fubjefts. i. A port Expoftu- 
 l at ion about Prayer. 2, The great conqueft and power of Faith, 
 on the Fir ft of John, 5. 4. 3. Meditations on the i^T,d Pfalm. 
 4. EHJIm's Requeji gra?ited. 5, The Mothers JVill to an un- 
 born Child. 
 
 The fixth book in 8vo. bound, written from 1657, to 
 1660. Containing 35 fcledl and occafional meditations inter- 
 mixed. The fclcd: meditations, are, i. On Hypocrify. 2. 
 
 B b b 2 ' Upon 
 
374 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 Upon the Sacrament. 3. Upon Riches. 4. Upon the Second of 
 ChroN!cks,Ch. 2S.V. 10. 5. Upon Beauty. 6. Upon Poverty. 
 7. Upon Imagination. 8. Upon the poiver of Faith, from 
 Mark, chap. i6. v. xj, 18. 9. Upon Covetoufnefs. 10. Up- 
 on the failings of great Profefors. The occafional meditati- 
 ons are upon feveral publick and private occurences ; whereof 
 the two lall are upon tlie change of publick affairs, and upon 
 the return of the King, May 1660. 
 
 The feventh book in quarto bound, of pages written. 
 1 66 1, and 1662. i. Part contains 15 Meditatio7is on publick 
 and private Occurences. 2. Part contains feleft meditations 
 on the following fubjeds. i . Meditations and Prayers on the 
 Fejiival Days obferved in the Church of England. 1. Medita- 
 tions on the Twelfth Chapter of Ifaiah. 3. Meditatio?2s on 
 Pfalrn 34. v. i, 2, 3, 4. after Child-birth. 
 
 The eighth book in quarto bound, of3T5 pages, 1663, 
 1664, and 1665. I. Part containing SeleSl Meditations and 
 Prayers upon the Firji Week, with Obfervations on each Days 
 Creation, and Confiderations on the Seven Capital Vices, to be 
 cppofed, and their oppofite Virtues to he f tidied and PraBifed. 
 
 Vices to be fubdued. 
 
 Vertues to be learned. 
 
 Pride. 
 
 Sunday. 
 
 Humility. 
 
 Covetoifnefs. 
 
 Monday. 
 
 Contentation, 
 
 Lujl. 
 
 Tuefday. 
 
 Chajlity. 
 
 Emvy, 
 
 Wednefday. 
 
 Charity. 
 
 Gluttony, 
 
 Thurfday. 
 
 Temperance, 
 
 Anger. 
 
 Fryday. 
 
 Patience. 
 
 8IciL 
 
 Saturday, 
 
 Diligence. 
 
 2 Partj 
 
L A D Y H A L K E T. 375 
 
 2. Part, 15 Occajmml Meditations, on publick and private 
 occurrences. 
 
 The ninth book in quarto bound, of 452 pages, written 
 from 1666, to 1670. I. Part contains 23 Ocr^/o77^/ MtW/V^z- 
 iions on publick and private Occurrences, to page 140. 2. Part, 
 SeleB Meditations, i. On Heireivs 13, and 5 Verfe. Let 
 your CoJiverfation, &c. 2. On the Firft of Samuel 4. Chap, 
 and Z2.V. The Glory is Departed, &c. 3. On Pfabn 18, 
 and the 20 v. The Lord reivard me, &c. 4. On the Firjl of 
 Corinthians, Chap. 13.7. v. Bearcth all Things, &c. 5. On 
 yeremiah 35. 18, and 19, v. Jeremiah [aid to the, 6cc. 6. 
 Oji the Fir/l of Corinthians, 6. 1 1. Such were fome of you, ficc. 
 7. hjftruBicns to her Son. 8, Ccnfefions, Prayers and Sup- 
 plications, Promifes and Duties, Characters and Blejjings of the 
 Righteous ; Thankfgixings and Praifc, and Refolutions ; all in 
 Scripture Terms. 
 
 Tlie tenth book in quarto bound, of 336 pages, written 
 1673, and 1674. I, Part, Sele^ Meditations to page 14, 
 on thefe fubjedts. i. The IVidows Mite, relating partly, to 
 the King. 2. Meditations and Refolutions upon the Devout 
 Widow Anna, Luke Chap. 2d. 36, 37, 38. ^'^r/t'J. In which 
 are Obfervations on the Lord's Prayer, Creed and Decalogue. 
 3 . Meditations and Refolutions, Firjl of Corinthians, Chap, i . 
 12, and 13 verfes. Occafwned by the great Rent in this 
 Church. 2. Part, 32 Occafwnal Meditations on private and 
 publick Occurrences. 
 
 The eleventh book in quarto, containing 371 pages, writ- 
 ten in 1675, and 1676. 1. The true Balm. 2. Meditations 
 end Obfervations on the Book of Judges. 3 . Upon the Sacra- 
 jaeat of the Lord's Supper, Luke 22. 18. 
 
 Tlur 
 
376 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 The twelfth book in quarto, containing 380 pages, writ- 
 ten in 1677, and 1678. i. 'T'he Art of Divine Cljymijlry. 
 
 2. The Rule for Thought^ Word and Anions. '}^. Meditatiom 
 on the 106 PJ'alm, v. 4, 5. 4. Meditations and Prayers con- 
 cer7ii7ig the Ki?ig. 
 
 The thirteenth book in quarto, containing 505 pages, writ- 
 ten in the years 1678, 1679, 1680, and 1681, Jofeph's 
 Tryal and 'Triumph ; being obfervations on the whole hiftory 
 of Jofcph, with particular applications to her own cafe. 
 
 The fourteenth book in quarto, contains 556 pages, writ- 
 ten in the years 1682 and 1683. r. The Fruits of the Spirit, 
 compared ivitb the Fruits of the Tree of Life. 2. Ke flections and 
 Meditations 07i 2 Chron. Ch. 28. Upon the firjl of Kings, 
 Ch. 17. On the Blejfed Virgin. On feremiab, 15. 50 v. On 
 feroboam's Sin. On Pfahn 29. 9 V. On Jeremiah 30. 21, 
 22, V. On John, 13 ch. 15 ver. 3. Occafonal Meditations. 
 
 The fifteenth book in quarto contains 378 pages, written 
 in the Years 1684 and 1685. i. Meditations on the Book of 
 Jonah. 2. Meditations 07i the Times of David's Prayers, &c. 
 
 3. Meditations on Paul's Converfion, and what is recorded of 
 him in the Acls, to the ^^d Chapter. Continuation of the fame 
 in a flitch'd book in quarto, containing 136 pages, written in 
 the Year 1686. 
 
 The 16th book in quarto, contains 392 pages. Written in 
 the years 1687, and 1688. i. Meditations on what is recorded 
 of St. Peter in the Go/pels. 2. Meditations on the Paffion of 
 our Lord; divided into feven Periods, according to the Days of 
 the Week. 3. Occafonal Meditations. 
 
 The 
 
LADY HALKET. 377 
 
 The feventeenth book in quarto, contains 372 pages. 
 "Written 1689. Meditations on what is Recorded of Mofes 
 and Samuel. 
 
 The eigliteenth book in quarto, contains 370 pages. Writ- 
 ten in the years 1690, 1691, and 1692. i. Occajional Medi- 
 tations to page 82. 2. Meditation on the Book of Nehetniah. 
 3. Obfervatioiis on fe'ccral good Women mentioned in Scripture^ 
 Eve, Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel and Leah, Miriam-, the Daugh- 
 ters of Zelophchad, Ruth, Hannah, Bothjheba, Deborah, Hulda, 
 the Woman of Canaan, Matth. 5. Mary Magdalen, Mary and 
 Martha, Elizabeth, the Virgin Mary. 
 
 The nineteenth book in quarto, contains -^^yy pages. Writ- 
 ten in the years 1693, 1694 and 1695. i. Upon Watchfulnefs„ 
 Matth. 25. 13 V. 2. Rejlraining the Tongue, Pfalm 39. 
 3. Avoiding Carefulnefs, Phil. 4. 6, 7, v. 4. The Grace of God 
 end its EffeBs; Titus 2. 11, 12, 13, v. 5. Upon Prayer. 
 6. Upon Leviticus ig, 2 v. Ye (liall be Holy, Sec. 7. Occa- 
 fi07tal Meditations. 8. Upon the Man of God. Firjl of Kings, 
 Chap. 13. 9, Serious Thoughts upon the by pajl Tears fi nee 1688. 
 10. Upon Contentment , Phil. 4. 1 1 v. \i. God's Hujbandry, 
 I. Cor. 3. 9 V. 12. Upon Pfalm 139. 23, 24. Search me, 
 .ficc. 13. Upon Matthew 1 1. 2(), 30. Take my Yoke^ .&:c. 
 J 4. Occafional MediXations, 
 
 The twentieth book in quarto, contains 373 pages. Writ- 
 ten in the years 1696 and 1697. i. Some Refebiions coiicern- 
 .itig them that are [educed. 2. Meditations on Exodus, 3. 14 v. 
 i am that I am ; I am the bread of Life : The Light of the 
 World : The Door of the Sheep : The good Siiephcrd : The 
 iRcfurtedlion : The Way, Truth and Life : The true Vine z 
 
 fii-'i^ 
 
378 MEMOIRS OF, &c. 
 
 with Prayers accommodated. 3. Meditations Deuteronomy 8. 
 2 V, Thou flialt remember all the Way, &c. 4. Upon Ro- 
 mans, 13. 8 V. Owe no Man, 6cc. Ifai. 40. 13 v. But they 
 that wait, &c. 5. Meditations on the Book of EJiher. 6. Oc- 
 
 Kafional Meditations. 
 
 The twenty firft book in quarto, contains 351 pages. 
 Written in the years 1698 and 1699. i. Meditations on the 
 Articles of the Creed. 2, Meditations on Ephefians, 4. 30, 31, 
 32, V. Upon 1 Corinth. 15. 58 v. Upon Naoman, 2 Kings, 
 5 Ch, 3. A probable Conjecture, coiicerning the calling of the 
 Jews. 4. Upon Chriji's forty Days Fa/iing. Matth. Ch. 4. 
 begun February 22, 1699, being AJJjwedjiefday, but Jiot fnijh- 
 ed. 4. Occafwnal Meditations from January ^ 1690, to No- 
 vember, 1698. 
 
 There are befides the forementioned about thirty flitched 
 books, fome in folio, fome in quarto, moft of them ten or 
 twelve fheets, containing occafional meditations. 
 
 LADY 
 
MEMOIRS OF 379 
 
 A D 
 
 M A S H A M. 
 
 DAMARIS LADY MASHAM was born at Cambridge, 
 on the 1 8th of January, 1658. She was daughter to 
 Ralph Cudvvorth, D. D. an eminent divine, mafter of Chrift's 
 College, Hebrew Profeflbr in the Univerfity of Cambridge % 
 and author of the Intelledlual Syjlcm, Her father foon per- 
 ceiving the bent of her genius, took fuch particular care in 
 her tuition, that in the early part of her life flie was diftin- 
 guiflied for her uncommon learning and piety. 
 
 As flie applied herfelf with great diligence to the fludy of 
 divinity and philofophy, fo Ihe had great advantages therein, 
 from the dired;ions of the famous Mr. Lock, who was a 
 domeftick in her family many years, and at length died in 
 her houfe at Gates in EfTex, 1704. She was fecond wife to 
 Sir Francis Mafliam, of Gates in the county of Eflex, Bar', 
 by whom flie had an only fon, the late Francis Cud worth 
 
 ^ He was alfo Vicar of Afhwell in June, 1688. Wd. C)\aMncey\ -Antiquities 
 Hertfordfliire, and died in the month of of Heyifordjhire, p. 38. 
 
 C c c Mafliam, 
 
380 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Malliam, Efq; for whom fhe had fuch a tender regard that 
 ■file applied all her natural and acquired endowments to the 
 •care of his education. He was one of the mafters in chan- 
 cery, and accountant general of that court. 
 
 Soon after fhe was married, the fame of her learning, piety 
 and ingenuity, induced the celebrated Mr. Norris to addrefs and 
 infcribe to her by way of letter his Rejie5lions iip072 the conduEi 
 of human life, with reference to the ftudy of learning and 
 knowledge. London, i68g i2mo. This began a friend/hip 
 between them, a friendfliip which having its foundation in 
 religion, feemed very likely to be firm and lading ; but it 
 feems to have been in a great meafure diffolved before it had 
 been of any long continuance, occafioned by this lady's con- 
 tradting an indiffoluble friendfliip with Mr. Lock, whofe di- 
 vinity and philofophy is well known to differ very much 
 from Mr. Norris's : who not long after publifhed his Pra5H~ 
 lal Difcourfes of Divinity, which occafioned feveral letters to 
 pafs, and repafs between him, and Mrs. Aftell, which were 
 ibon after printed and publifhed. In thefe letters and difcourfes 
 they maintain this hypothefis, that Mankind are obliged ftri5lly 
 tis their Duty to Love ivith defire, 7iothi?ig but God only, &c. 
 Not long after this Lady Mafliam (probably under the infpec- 
 tion x>f Mr. Lock,) wrote and publifhed, without her name, 
 a treatife intitled A Difcourfe concertiing the Love of God, Lon- 
 don, 1696, i2mo. ^ She begins with obferving, that what- 
 ever reproaches have been made by the romanifts on one hand, 
 ©f the want of books of devotion in the church of England : 
 sor by the diffenters on the other, of a dead and lifelefs way 
 ■of ,preaching ; it may be affirmed, that there cannot any 
 wvhere be found fo good a colkftion of difcourfes upon moral 
 
 -« This-dircouife-wastranflated into French by Mr. Cofte, 1705. 
 
 iubjeds. 
 
LADY MAS HAM. 381 
 
 fubje<5ls, as might be made of Englifli fermons, and other tiea- 
 tifes of that nature written by the divines, of our church ; 
 which books are certainly in tliemfelves of the greateft and 
 moft general ufe of any, and do mofl conduce to that, 
 which is the chief aim of chriftianity, a good life. She then 
 animadverts upon thofe, who undervalue morality, and others 
 who ftrain the duties of it to an unwarrantable pitch, and 
 pretend to afcend by it to fomething beyond or above it ; and 
 afterward goes on to conlider the condudl of thofe who build 
 their practical and devotional difcourfes upon principles, which 
 not only will not (as flie imagines) bear the tell:, but which 
 oblige them to lay down fuch aflertions of morality as fober 
 and well difpofed chriftians cannot underftand to be pradi- 
 cable : and here fhe applies herfelf to the examination of 
 Mr. Norris's fcheme in his FraBical Difcourfes and other 
 treatifes, wherein he afferts, that mankind are obliged, as 
 their duty, to love with defire nothing but God only, every 
 degree of love of any creature whatfoever being finful : which 
 aflertion Mr. Norris defends upon this ground (borrowed 
 from father Malbranche) that God, not the creature, is the 
 immediate efficient caufe of our fenfations ; fur whatfoever 
 gives us pleafure has a right to our love. This Hypothefis 
 is confidered with great accuracy and ingenuity by Lady 
 Mafliam, and the bad confequences, as llie thought, reprcfcn- 
 ted in a ftrong light. 
 
 1 don't know whether Mr. Norris ever attempted to fup- 
 port what he had advanced -, but Mrs. Aflell flill continued 
 to maintain her own Hypothefis, and replied to Lady Ma(ham 
 and Mr. Lock, in her book of The Chrijiian Religio/i as pro- 
 fefjed by a daughter of the Church rf England. To this I 
 refer the reader, and do not qucftion but an attentive perufal 
 of this and Lady Mafliam's trcatife, will give him a very 
 
 C c c 2 high 
 
382 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 high opinion of the underflanding and piety of each of them. 
 For tho' thefe two excellent perfons might diffent in their 
 notions and opinions on philofophical and metaphyfical fub- 
 ic<fts, yet the great end and defign of each of them was 
 the purfuit and fearch after divine truths; fiich as might 
 .make them truly wife, and eternally happy. 
 
 About the year 1700, Lady Mafham wrote atreatife which 
 fhe printed and publiilied with the following title Occafwnal 
 Thoughts in Reference to a Virtuous or Chriftian Life, Lon- 
 don, 1705, i2mo. The principal defign of this treatife was 
 to improve religion and virtue ; and indeed it is fo full of ex- 
 cellent inftrudtion, that I am confidently perfuaded if it was 
 ■carefully perufed by both fexes, it could not fail of obtain- 
 ing much of its defired end. In it flie complains much of 
 the too great negledl of religious duties, occafioned, as fhe 
 believed, for want of being better acquainted with the fun- 
 damentals of religion. She therefore thought a reformation 
 highly neceflary ; and very jultly reprehends and reproaches 
 perfons of quality for fo fcandaloufly permitting their 
 daughters to pafs that part of their youth in which the 
 mind is moft dudlile and fufceptible of good impreffions, in 
 a ridiculous circle of diversions, which is generally thought 
 the proper bufinefs of young ladies ; and which fo engroffes 
 them, that they can find no fpare hours, wherein to make 
 any fuch improvements of their underftandings, as the 
 leifure, which they have for it, exads from them as rea- 
 fonable creatures ; or as is requifite or ufeful to their dif- 
 char^ing well their prefent or future duties: fo that as 
 fhe too truly obferves, girls between filly fathers and igno- 
 rant mothers, are generally fo brought up, that traditionary 
 opinions are to them, all their lives long, inftead of reafon. 
 They are perhaps fometimes told in regard of what religion 
 
 exafts, 
 
L A D Y M A S H A M. 383 
 
 exadls, that they muft Believe and Do fuch and fuch things? 
 becaufe the word of God requires it j but they are not put 
 upon learching the fcriptures for themfelves, to fee whether, 
 or no, thefe things are fo ; and they fo Httle know why they 
 fliould look upon fcriptures to be the word of God, that 
 but too often they are eafily perfwaded out of the reverence 
 due to them as being fo; infomuch that the generality of 
 ladies are fo intirely ignorant of the articles of their I'iiit!.\ 
 that they can give no other reafon for believing them, than 
 that they are commanded to do fo ! 
 
 Tliefe are fome of her thoughts on the education and un- 
 derftanding of the generality of ladies ; and experience had 
 taught her not to entertain a much better opinion of very 
 many gentlemen, as will appear from the following tran- 
 fcript '. 
 
 " The age we live in, has been, not undefervedly, efteem- 
 ■" ed a knowing one : but to the learned clergy, much has 
 ^' been owing for its having obtained that character ; and 
 " tho' fome few gentlemen have been the greateft advancers 
 " of learning amongft us ; yet they are very rare who ap- 
 " ply themfelves to any fcience that is curious : and as for 
 " fuch knowledge as is no lefs than requilite for men of 
 " families, and eftates to have in regard of the proper bufi- 
 ^' nefs of their ftations ; it may, I think, be f\id that never 
 " was this more negleded than at prefent ; fince there is 
 " not a commoner complaint in every country, than of the 
 " want of gentlemen qualified for the fervice of their country, 
 " viz. to be executors of the law, and law makers ; both of 
 " which it belonging to this rank of Englifli IVIen to be, 
 *^J fome infight into the law which they are to lee executed, 
 
 * Vid. Tier Occafional Thoughts, SiZ,-^. 169, 
 
 *' .and 
 
584 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 " and into that conftitution which they are to fupport, can- 
 " not but be neceffary to their well difcharging thefe trufts : 
 " nor will this knowledge be fufficiently ferviceable to the 
 " ends herein propofed, without fome acquaintance likewife 
 " with hiflory, politicks, and morals. Every one of thefe 
 " then are parts of knowledge which an Englifh gentleman 
 " cannot, without blame, be ignorant of, as being effential 
 " to the duty qualifying him for what is his proper bufi- 
 *' nefs. 
 
 " But whether we farther look upon fuch men as having 
 " immortal fouls that fliall be for ever happy or miferable, 
 " as they comply with the terms which their maker has 
 " propofed to them ; or whether we regard them as pro- 
 *' teflants, whofe birth-right it is, not blindly to believe, 
 " but to examine their religion : or confider them only as 
 " men whofe ample fortunes allow them leifure for fo im- 
 " portant a ftudy, they are without doubt obliged to under- 
 " hand the religion they profefs. Adding this then to what 
 " is above concluded, a gentleman ought to know, let us 
 " examine how common fuch knowledge is amongfl our 
 " gentlemen, as we fee, without juft matter of reproach 
 " to them, they cannot want. No one, I think, will deny 
 " that fo much knowledge as is fo little ordinary, as that 
 " thofe are apparently the far greater number who have 
 " never confidered any part hereof as an acquifition, which 
 " they ought to make ; and that they are but a few com- 
 " paratively, and pafs among us for men extraordinary, 
 " who have but a competent knowledge in anyone of the 
 " abovementioned things. 
 
 " What is by the obligation of their duty exaded from 
 " them in this regard, feems to be very little refledled 
 " on by them J and as for other confidcrations, which, as 
 
 " gentle- 
 
L A D Y M A S H A M. 385 
 
 '^^ gentlemen, might be thought to induce them, their an- 
 ■" ceftors care has diftinguiflied them from their tenants, 
 " and other inferior neighbours, by titles and rights; and 
 " that is all the diftindtion they defire to have j believing 
 " it, in refpeft of knowledge, fufficient, if they did once 
 ■" underftand a little Latin or Logick in the univerfity ; which 
 " whofo ftill retains, altho' he has made no ufe thereof to 
 ^' the real improvement of his underftanding, is yet thought 
 " very highly accompliihed, and pafles (in the country) 
 " for learned, 
 
 " As to religion, by the little which moft gentlemen un- 
 ■" (land of that, and by the no fliame which they ordinarily 
 " enough have in avowing this their ignorance, one cannot 
 " but fuppofe that it is pretty commonly thought by them a 
 " matter, the underfbanding whereof does not concern them. 
 " That the publick has provided others to do this for them ; 
 " and that their part herein is but to maintain (as by theii" 
 " authority they can) what thofe men aflert. 
 
 " Thus wretchedly deflitute of all that knowledge which 
 •*' they ought to have, arc (generally fpeaking) our Englifli 
 •*' gentlemen : and being fo, what wonder can it be, if they 
 " like not that women fliould have knowledge ; for this is a 
 ■** quality that will give fome fort of fuperiority even to 
 " thofe who care not to have it ? but fuch men as thefe 
 " would afluredly find their account much better therein, if 
 " tendernefs of that prerogative would teach them a more 
 •" legitimate way of maintaining it, than fuch a one as is a 
 " very great impediment or difcouragement, at the leaft, t® 
 ■" others in the doing what God requires of them. For it 
 " is an undeniable truth that a lady who is able to give an 
 *' account of her faith, and to defend her religion againfl: 
 ;f' the attaquee of the cavilling wits of the age; or the- 
 
 " abufes 
 
g86 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " abufes of the obtruders of vain opinions : that is capable 
 " of inflruding her children in the reafonablenefs of the 
 ** chriftian religion ; and of laying in them the foundations 
 " of a folid vertue ; that a lady (I fay) no more knowing 
 " than this does demand, can hardly efcape being called 
 *' learned by the men of our days; and in confequence 
 *' thereof, becoming a fubjeft of ridicule to one part of them, 
 " and of averfion to the other ; with but a few exceptions 
 " of fome vertuous and rational perfons. And is not the in- 
 " curring of general diflikCj one of the ftrongeft difcourage- 
 " ments that we can have to any thing ?" 
 
 Thefe are fome of the many weighty confiderations which 
 put her upon expoftulating with the gentlemen ; and endea- 
 vouring to raife an emulation in thofe of her own fex, by 
 fliewing them, what great things they are capable of obtain- 
 ing ; exciteing them to gain fo much knowledge (at leaft) as 
 may give them a right underftanding of the principal grounds 
 and foundation of their religion : and for thofe who have op- 
 portunites, to make themfelves miftrefles of fo much learn- 
 ing, as may enable them to inftruft their own children j a 
 pradlice which Mr. Lock has llrongly recommended in his 
 writings ; and this lady by her own example. In recom- 
 mending the fame cuftom to the Englirti Ladies, (he has given 
 them examples even of the Heathens themfelves j particularly 
 inflancing in Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi ; and Aurelia, 
 the mother of Julius Caefar, whofe excellent inftrudion is al- 
 lowed by all, to have been of very great fervice to their 
 country. 
 
 As fhe herfelf owed much to the care of Mr. Locke, for 
 her acquired endowments, and fkill in arithmetic, geography, 
 chronology, hifliory, philofophy and divinity j fo, as he was 
 a domeftick in her family, (he returned the obligation with 
 
 fingular 
 
L A D Y M A S H A M. 3S7 
 
 fingular benevolence and gratitude ; always treating him with 
 the utmoll: generofity and refpedl ; her friendfliip for him be- 
 ing inviolable. Mr. Cofte (who tranllated her Difccurfcs con- 
 cerning the Lcve of God) in a letter to the author of Nowvcllcs 
 de Republique des Lettres, printed in thofe Nouvelks for Fe- 
 bruary 1705, art. 2. fays, that as flie fate by Mr. Locke's 
 bedfide the night before he died, he exhorted her to re- 
 gard this world only as a ftate of preparation for a better. 
 That ihe defired to fit up with him that night, but he would 
 not permit her. That the next day as flie was reading the 
 pfalms low by him in his room, he defired her to read 
 aloud, flie did (o, and he appeared very attentive till the ap- 
 proach of death prevented him. He then defired her lady- 
 Ihip to break off, and a few minutes after expired. 
 
 As a teftimony of her gratitude, to Mr, Locke's memory, 
 fhe drew up that account of him which is printed in the Great 
 hiftorical di£lionary and which is there faid to be wrote by 
 a lady. 
 
 This is the laft of her performances that I have met with ; 
 and flie furvived the perfon who was the fubjeil of it only 
 three years, and then furrendered up her foul in the fame 
 devout and pious manner, on the 20th day of April, in the 
 year 1708. And was buried in the middle ifle of the abbey 
 church at Bath. Over her grave is a black Hone, which is 
 thus infcribed, 
 
 DAME DAMARIS MASHAM. 
 
 On a pillar near to her grave is fixed a neat plain white 
 marble monument, on the top of which is an urn, and the 
 following infcription. 
 
 D d d Near 
 
388 M E M O I R S O F, 6cc. 
 
 ' Near this Place lies Da?ne DAMARIS MASHAM, 
 
 Daughter of RALPH CUDWORTH, D. D. and fecond 
 
 Wife to STR FRANCIS MASHAM, of Oates in the 
 
 County of ESSEX, Bart. 
 
 TFJjo to the Softnefs and Elegance of her oivn Sex 
 
 added feveral of the Noblefl Accompli figments and 
 
 ^lalities of the other. 
 
 She poffejl thefe Advantages in a Degree 
 
 nnufual to either, and temper' d them with an ExaSlnefs 
 
 Pecidiar to herfelf 
 
 Her Learning, "Judgment, Sagacity, andPenetration^ 
 
 together, with her Candor and Love of Truth, were very 
 
 obfervable to all that converfed with her, or were acquai7ited 
 
 'with thofe fmall Treatifesfloe Publijlfd iji her Life tijne^ 
 
 tho' fhe indiiftrioufy coficealed her Name. 
 
 Being Mother of an only Son, foe applied all her 
 
 Natural and acquired Endow?}ients to the Care of his 
 
 Education. 
 
 She was a flriSl obferver of all the Virtues 
 
 belonging to every flation of her Life, and only wanted 
 
 Opportunities to jnake thofe Talents Jlnne in the 
 
 World, which were the Admiration of her Friends. 
 
 She was born on the i8//j of January, 1658. 
 
 And died on the 20th of April, 1708. 
 
 * Vid. Defcripti<m of the Ahhej Church at Bath, p. ZI4, 215. 
 
 SUSANNA 
 
MEMOIRS OF 389 
 
 SUSANNA HOPTON. 
 
 THIS eminent perfon was bom in the year 1627. By 
 the paternal fide, flie was delcended from the antient 
 family of the Harveys in Staffbrdfliire. By the maternal, 
 from the worfliipful flimily of the Wifemans ' of Torrels- 
 Hall, in the county of Effex. 
 
 She was married to Richard Hopton ' of Kington in the 
 county of Hereford, Efq-, Barrifter at Law (younger brother 
 to Sir Edward Hopton of Can-Frome in the fame county) 
 and one of the Wehh Judges in the reigns of King Charles 
 the fecond, and King James the fecond. Mr. Hopton died 
 about the year 1696, and left her without ifTue, and in very 
 plentiful circumftances. 
 
 She was a woman of an excellent underftanding, fine wit, 
 and folid judgment. No particular care was taken to improve 
 thefe talents by a proper education, yet fuch was her own 
 induftry and application, that hardly any defeift, or difadvan- 
 tage of this kind was obfervablc to the world, tho' flic hcr- 
 felf frequently took notice of it, and lamented it. She made 
 fuch furprizing acquifitions in the ftudies of theology, that a 
 
 "• Some account of this worthy family tlie impropriation of Bifli-Frome in the 
 
 may be feen in Mr. Salmon's hiftory county of Hereford, which is a very 
 
 and antiquities of EiTex, p. 218, and confiderable one. Vid. the learned and 
 
 23S, 239. ingenious Dr. Saunders's Fie-ix; of the Stati: 
 
 « He was a great benefaftor to the of Religion in the Diocefe of St. DaviJ's, 
 
 clergy, and has rellorcd to the church &c. p. 109. 
 
 D d d 2 great 
 
590 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 great divine ^ aflures us, " (lie attained to a fkill in that 
 " facred fcience, not much inferior to that of the beft 
 " divines." 
 
 In her younger years (in the times of anarchy and con- 
 fufion, when the church groaned under the unmerciful tyranny 
 of her perfecutors and oppreflbrs, and the land was overfpread 
 with feditious, heretical and falfe teachers) fhe was feduced 
 and drawn over to the church of Rome, by the artifices of 
 F. Turbeville a Romifh Prieft. But by converfing and cor- 
 refponding with fome of the moil learned divines of the age, 
 and by carefully perufing the beft Polemical treatifes ^ 
 between the church of England and that of Rome, (all which 
 was chiefly effedted by the pious care of her worthy con- 
 fort) flie was foon made fenfible of her error, and very joy- 
 fully returned to her mother church, much about the time 
 that King Charles the fecond returned, and had his crown and 
 kingdoms reftored to him again, Soon after which fhe drew 
 up a long and learned letter **, which fhe fent to father Tur- 
 heville, fliewing him the reafons of her renouncing the church 
 of Rome ; whofe erronious doftrine, and idolatrous worfhip, 
 •as flie could no longer approve of, fo flie refolved no longer 
 to pradlice. " This letter (faith an eminent divine ') fhews 
 *' that flie had well confidered what fhe was about, and 
 
 ^ Vid. Dr. Hickes's preface to tKe " was well verfed in Bilhop Moreton"'s, 
 
 J)e-votiom in the Jntient way of Offas, &c. " Archbifliop Laud's and Mr. Chilling- 
 
 8 Dr. Hickes tells us, in the preface " worth's works, and Ranchin's Revieio 
 
 to his fecond vol. of Contro'verfial Letters, " of the Council of Trent, &c." 
 that " (he made herfelf as perfeft in the •" This letter was thought worthy of 
 
 ■»' controverfie, as Englifh writers could publication by Dr. Hickes, who printed 
 
 " make her, who managed the contro- it immediately after the deceafe of Mrs. 
 
 ■" verfie on both fides. 1 have (fays he) Hopton, in his fecond vol. of Co?//n!a'?>ySW 
 
 " above twenty popifti authors, which (he Letters, &c. 8vo. Lond. i 7 1 0. 
 •" left me, and fome of them with mar- ' in his preface prefixed to Mrs. Hop- 
 
 -" _ginal notes in her own hand. She 'ton's Meditatinns, &c. 
 
 " weighed 
 
SUSANNA HOPTON. 391 
 
 " weighed the arguments on both fides, the only way of 
 •" making a wife and fafe retreat, in a matter of that vaft 
 " confequence. And the reader will foon be fatisfied that 
 " file liad fearchcd narrowly into that controverfy, and has 
 " given fuch reafons for her return, as not only will juftify 
 " it before all intelligent and impartial perfons, but may be 
 " of very good ufe to others, that in the like circumftaiices 
 " fhall duly attend to, and make a right ufe of tliem. 
 " Here may be obferved, what great advantage our church 
 *' has above that of Rome, as to foundnefs of dodVrine, 
 " purity of worfliip, and an univerfally intelligible and re- 
 " gular devotion ; whereby not only her own fex may be 
 " taught, iut ours too, neither to take up, nor change their 
 " religion upon truft, but to make a thorough fearch into 
 ^* the principles of both churches, fo as to be able to co/i" 
 " vince gainfaycrs, or at leaft to give to every one that ajkctlo, 
 *' a reafon of the hope that is in them, ivith mc chiefs old 
 "fear." 
 
 After flie had happily returned to the church of England, 
 fhe always continued a fmcere and faithful member of it, 
 and proved a very great ornament to it \ As flie w^as -a 
 great admirer, fo (he was a very able defender of its moft 
 excellent conftitution, doiStrine and worrtiip ; and was very 
 conftant and diligent in performing all the duties thereunto 
 belonging. She had a very great veneration for the clergy ; 
 and was a great patronefs and benefadrefs to its orthodox 
 
 ^ " Nobilis £: wneranda matrona Su- " llbros nonnullos anonymos edidit, qui 
 
 -^' fanna Hopton de Kington in Com. " in piorum piarumqiic manibus tcruntur, 
 
 " Hereford. Chriftianas pietatis prxcla- " quibus tamen cditis clarefccre nohiit, 
 
 " rura exemplum, & Ecclefise Angli- " pro modeftia fua inexpugnabili, utpote 
 
 " cans raagiium decus. Qua; rerum di- " qua; mallet doftam & bonam Te elFe 
 
 ■" vinarum, & prscipue facrarum litera- " quam videri." Vid. the preface to 
 
 ■*' rum fcientiam noa -vulgaiem aflecuta. Dr. UI\ckiiThefa»rus, &c. p. 47. 
 
 fons i 
 
392 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 fons J particularly to thofe of the clergy who were re- 
 duced by deprivation to poverty j to whom (he left in 
 trufl 800 1. 
 
 She was very affiduous and fervent in her devotions, which 
 fhe offered with purity of zeal equal to that of the primitive 
 chriftians, " For {he was well known (faith Mr. Spinckes ') 
 " to keep up a conflant courfe of devotion, not only on the 
 •' Lord's-Day, but through out the whole week, fetting a 
 " part five times every day for religious worfhip ; from which 
 " fhe would not fuffer herfelf to be diverted by any bufi- 
 " nefs that was not very extraordinary. Even in her old 
 " age, and the cold winter feafon, fhe would be up and in 
 " the clofet at her Mattins, by four of the clock in the 
 " morning, from which cuftom flie was for a long time not 
 *' to be difcouraged, either by the effects of her declining 
 " age, or by the extremity of the weather. So that fhe 
 " might truly fay with the royal pfalmifl, pfal. 119. 148." 
 Mine Eyes prevent the Night-watches, that I may he occupied 
 in thy Words. " Tho' fome time before flie died flie was 
 '■'■ prevailed with to forbear till five or fix. She neither in- 
 " dulged herfelf in diet nor fleep, fo much as her years re- 
 '' quired, but contented herfelf with lefs in both thefe re- 
 " fpe6ts, than thofe about her judged convenient for her. 
 " So much was fhe above gratifying the flefli, and fo de- 
 " firous not to fldl fliort of any mortification fhe apprehended 
 " her religion to have required of her." 
 
 She was the firfl reformer of the Devotions in the Antient 
 •way of Offices, &c. which being tranfmitted to her great 
 friend the incomparably learned and judicious Dr. Hickes, 
 it was by him reviewed, improved, and communicated to the 
 
 ' In his preface to Mrs. Hoptons Devotions. 
 
 publick ; 
 
SUSANNA HOPTON. 393 
 
 putlick: " Which fliews (as Mr, Spinckes obferves) her 
 *' natural genius, the foundncfs of her judgment, and the 
 ■" divine temper of her foul, that led her to make choice 
 *' of a book of fuch unufual flights of devotion, fuch rap- 
 *' turous fancy, and fuch highly affedting exprcflions, as are 
 " rarely, if ever, to be met with in any work of merely 
 *' human compofure. It was no little time and pains that 
 *' (he laid out, in corredling thefe feraphick offices, purging 
 " out what was offenfive in their original draught, and fit- 
 " ting them for the ufe of all well-difpofed members of the 
 " church oi E?igl(ind, whereby to elevate their fouls to God, 
 *' and bring them as near to Heaven, as can be whilft they 
 ■" remain on this fide of it. A work that calls for our grate- 
 *' ful acknowledgments at prefent, and may defervedly ren- 
 ** der her memory precious to fucceeding generations." 
 
 And Dr. Hickes in his preface prefixed to thefe devotions 
 gives the then anonymous reformer a very high elogium. 
 " It is one (fays he) who hath already given the world one 
 ** book of devotion, which hath been well received in four 
 " or five editions, and will leave it another for which po- 
 *' flerity w^ill blefs the author's name ; one, whofe houfe 
 " is a temple, and whofe family is a church, or Religious 
 *' Society, and whofe hands are daily lifted up unto Heaven, 
 *' with alms, as well as prayers ; one, M'ho religioufly ob- 
 ** ferves all the orders of the church, and for the great ends 
 *' for which they are enjoyned ; in a word, one, who is a 
 ** great example of chriftian piety, and a fingular ornament 
 " to our communion in this degenerate age, and among 
 " the many, and moft ferious good wiflies I have for the 
 ** Church of England, this is, and always fliall be one, that 
 f* all her fons and daughters were fuch." 
 
 The book above hinted at by the Dr, bears the follow- 
 ing 
 
394 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 ing title. Daily Devotions, confijUiig of Thank/giving, Con- 
 fefjions and Prayers, by an Humble Penitent . Printed Jor 
 J. Edwin, in Ludgate-Jlrcet, i2mo. 1673, &c. This work 
 was afterwards reprinted, as the performance of a late Reve- 
 rend Divine of the church of England. But this miftake is 
 fufficiently refuted by Dr. Hickes, in the preface to his fe- 
 cond volume of controverfial letters ; who has there given 
 tlie inquifitive world ample fatisfadlion that Mrs. Hopton was 
 the true author of that book. 
 
 She likewife wrote An Hexatneron, or Meditations on the 
 fix Days of the Creation. AUb Meditations on the Life of 
 Chriji. Thefe with her Daily Devotions, were pubhfhed to- 
 gether in one volume, by the Rev. Mr. N. Spinckes j with a 
 preface containing a fliort account of the life of Mrs. Hopton. 
 Lond. odavo, 17 17. 
 
 She was a great lover and admirer of divine poetry, and 
 wrote feveral poems herfelf, which are by no means contemp- 
 tible. Specimens of which may be feen difperfed up and down 
 in her printed works. But by the favour of her executor, my 
 very worthy and learned friend, the late Mr. William Brome 
 of Ewithington in the county of Hereford ; I have had the 
 pleafure of perufing a MS. in her own hand writing, con- 
 taining feveral forts of poems on various fubjefts, which have 
 given me a farther demonftration of her piety and ingenuity. 
 
 What I have farther to offer in relation to her charadler, 
 fliall be given as it was concifely drawn up and fent me by 
 her executor, my abovementioned friend, "" who was throughly 
 acquainted with her > and he would not have given fuch a 
 charadler of any one with whom he had not been acquainted. 
 , '« In her younger years fhe v\^as inclinable to popery, but 
 
 "' In a letter tome, dated Feb. 12, 1741-2. 
 
 « by 
 
SUSANNA H O P T O N. 395 
 
 " by difcourfing and correfponding with the moft learned 
 " men, particularly divines of the age, fhe was foon made 
 " fenfible of her error, and afterwards became moft ortho- 
 " dox in her principles both in refpedl of church and ll:atc. 
 *' And papifls, dilfenters and all enemies to the church of 
 " England Hie would encounter and confute : for ihe was an 
 " excellent cafuift and divine. She had a found judgment, 
 " tenacious memory, and a ready wit. Her difcourfe and 
 " ftile upon ferious matters was ftrong, eloquent and nervous : 
 " upon pleafant fubjedls, witty and facetious: and when it 
 " required an edge, was as fliarp as a razor. For flie knew 
 " exaclly well what was proper to be laid upon any occafi- 
 " on, or to any company She was a rare manager and oeco- 
 *' nomirt, and fet down every day what fhe received in, 
 " and paid out ; and by fuch care was enabled to be chari- 
 " table to the poor in the higheil degree : and hofpitable to 
 " her friends in a generous manner. Was a great patro- 
 " nefs to fufferers for confcience fake, and left 800 1. " to 
 " fuffering clergymen. Had a good coUedtion of books j 
 " and the margins of moll of them filled with her manu- 
 " fcript notes." 
 
 Not long before her death flie removed from Kington to 
 Hereford, to the inexprelTible afflicJilion of that neighbour- 
 hood, where, it would have grieved one (faith Mr. Spinckes,) 
 to hear the fad lamentation that was made for her departure, 
 and very juftly, confidering what a great benefacflrefs they 
 then wanted : for her charity was fo extenlive, that flie might 
 truly fay with Job, chap. 29. v. 11, &c. And 'when the Ear 
 heard n\Q, it bleffcd me : and ivhen the Eye Jaw n\t^ it gave 
 •witnefs to me. For I delivered the Poor that cryed, and the 
 Fatherlcfsy and him that had 7ione to help him. 'The blejjing of 
 
 ■ So Mr. Brome's letter : but her monumental infcription fays 700 1. 
 
 E e e him 
 
396 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 •him that ivas ready to TeriJI:) came upon me, and 1 caiifed the 
 Widows heart to frig for joy. 
 
 But not only her neighbours at Kington were partakers of 
 her charity ; her bounty extended itfelf to the indigent and 
 diftreffed in very remote places, as appeared by feveral letters 
 of thanks, that were found among her papers after her de- 
 •ceafe. When flie had lived to a good old age j fhe at laft 
 fell fick of a very fliarp fever, about the latter end of June, 
 which ilie bore with uncommon courage, patience and refig- 
 r.ation, and died of it in the faith and communion of the 
 church of England, and conftant to her principles, at Here- 
 ford, in the Sad year of her age, on the i2th of July fol- 
 3owing, about two of the clock in the afternoon, A. D. 
 J709. 
 
 Acording to her own appointment in her laft will and tefta- 
 anent % (which bears dated July i6th, 1708,) flie was buried 
 •near the remains of her hulband, Richard Hopton, Efq; in 
 the parifh church of Bifliops Frome, in the county of Here- 
 ford, with the following infcription to her memory, (com- 
 pofcd by Dr. George Hickes ; but is now almofb obliterated) 
 communicated to me by Mr. Brome, 
 
 o The beginning of it runs thus. In fed for ever. My body to the ground to 
 
 the name of the Father, and of the Son, be decently buried near the remains of my 
 
 and of the Holy Ghoft, Amen. BleiTed be deceafed hulband, in the parilh church of 
 
 the holy and undivided Trinity, Amen. Bilhops Froome, according to the order 
 
 I Sufanna Hopton of the city of Here- of the church of England : In the catho- 
 
 -fofd, in the county of Hereford, widow, lick communion of which church I dye ; 
 
 lelift and executrix of Richard Hopton, believing Ihe holds the true catholick faith 
 
 Efquicr deceafed, do make this my laft according to the fcriptures, and apoftolical 
 
 •will and teftanoent in manner following, tradition interpretating them ; the three 
 
 Firft I commend my foul to Almighty creeds expreffing thefe articles of faith, 
 
 'God the fatherjTiy creator, to Jefus Chrift and the firft four general councils explain- 
 
 Tny redeemer, and to the Holy Ghoft my ing them, 
 (comforter and illuminator, one God blef- 
 
 Next 
 
SUSANNA HOPTON. 
 
 397 
 
 Nexf to the Body of Richard Hopfoti, Efq^ 
 Here lieth Interred that of Sufanna his dear Wife, 
 Who died "July the i2th, 1 709. She "was a mojl lovifig 
 and faithjidl Wife, a vioji Loyal Subject, and a 
 true Daughter to the Church of England, as her 
 Printed Letter to Father Turberville Jhews ; a great 
 Example floe was of Devotion, as may be feen 
 in her Printed Books : and of Charity particularly 
 to the Clergy reduced by Deprivatiofi to Poverty ; 
 to whom fl:e left in Trufl 700 /. and under this 
 Stone JJ^e refis^ in hopes of a bleffed RefurreSlion. 
 
 E e e 2 
 
 ELIZA- 
 
398 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 ELIZABETH BURNET. 
 
 ELIZABETH BURNET was born the 8th of Novem- 
 ber, in the year 1661, and was the eldeft daughter 
 of Sir Richard Blake, Knight, the fifth fon of Thomas 
 Blake of Earontoun, Efq; of an eminent family, and of 
 Elizabeth daughter of Dr. Bathurfl, a phylician in London, 
 a gentleman of eminent piety, and one of the mofl con- 
 siderable men of his profelTion, in his time. 
 
 At eleven years old fhe began to have a true fenfe of reli- 
 gion, and read with great application the books that were 
 put into her hands, but was not quite fatisfied with them, 
 afpiring after more folid and fublimer notions, than what 
 ilie found in them. On this account it was, that more 
 than ordinary care was taken to make her think meanly of 
 herfelf, flie being bred up in the greatefl: privacy poffible. 
 
 At a little more than feventeen years of age, fhe was mar- 
 ried to Robert Berkely of Spetchley, in the county of Wor- 
 cefter, Efq; grandfon of Sir Robert Berkely, who was a 
 judge in King Charles the firft's time. This match was pro- 
 cured chiefly by the means of Dr. Fell, late Lord Bifliop of 
 Oxford, who was that young gentleman's guardian, and had 
 taken the care of his education. That great prelate, fo fa- 
 .mous for his piety and learning, thought that the affifting 
 him in that match was the greateil fervice he ever did 
 ihim.. 
 
 When 
 
ELIZABETH BURNET. 399 
 
 When fhe came into that family, flie found this gentle- 
 man's mother a zealous papift, and a woman of good life. 
 This put her upon taking efpecial care to ftudy her own 
 religion in a larger compafs, in order to underftand the con- 
 troverfies between our church and the church of Rome, 
 tJiat Hie might be able to preferve her hufliand and her- 
 felf from the artifices and infinuations of the popilh priefts, 
 and the influences of his mother, who had great intercft in 
 him. But yet confidering the particular turn of his mind, 
 and the great deference he had to his mother, llie found her- 
 felf obliged to be very tender and careful, that he might not 
 he difturbed with unneceiTary difputes about religion ; in 
 which, and in her whole management in this refpedl, 
 there appeared a difcrction admired by all that knew 
 her. 
 
 At the fame time flie obliged herfelf to a more than 
 ordinary ftridnefs, in all die offices of piety, and in her 
 wJiole condudl, that flie might adorn her own profeflion by 
 a fuitable pradlice, conftantly governing herfelf by the 
 rules of true religion, and of a fevere virtue. And there- 
 fore living in the country, where flie had much leifure, flie 
 fpent great part of her time in devotion and reading : and 
 when fhe would divert herfelf with work, Ihe generally had 
 fome perfons to read to her. When her poor neighbours 
 came to vifit her, which being encouraged by her they often 
 did, that flie m.ight inftrudl them without feeming to take 
 too much upon her, ilie would frequently read good books to 
 them. 
 
 In this manner flie lived for fix years, being efteemed 
 and loved by all that knew her ; even by thofe, who, on 
 the account of different opinions in religion, were likely to 
 be more prejudiced againfl: her. 
 
 In King James's time, when the fears of popery began 
 
 greatjy 
 
400 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 greatly to encreafe, and Bifliop Fell died, who had great 
 influence over Mr. Berkley, and vifited him once a year with 
 fiill greater fatisfadlion in the happy choice of a wife which 
 he had made for him ; to prevent his being wrought upon 
 by his relations, at a time when they had mighty hopes of 
 tlieir religion being fettled here, flie prevailed with him to go 
 to Holland, and travelled with him over the feventeen pro- 
 vinces ; where, on the account of his relations, they met 
 with unufually kind reception in the popifli provinces : let- 
 ters being fent without their knowledge to Bruffels, Ghent, 
 Liege, and other confiderable places, recommending her in 
 a very particular manner, as one that, had fhe been, as 
 they call it, of the catholick church, her piety and virtue 
 were great enough to entitle her to the charader of a 
 faint. 
 
 After tliis they were both fixed at the Hague ; where 
 fhe was foon known, and grew into the efteem and friend- 
 fhip of perfons of the higheft rank, till about the time of 
 the revolution, then they returned into England, and went 
 to Spetchley, his country-feat. 
 
 Here flae went on in the happy courfe of life fhe was at 
 firfl engaged in, increafing continually in knowledge and 
 good works. She had generally fome young perfons in her 
 family, whom fhe well improved, both by her inftrudlions 
 and example ; fo that there was quickly a viiible alteration in 
 them. 
 
 Her knowledge and virtue made her every day more and 
 more taken notice of in that country. She contracted an 
 intimate friendfl^iip with the then Lord Bifhop of Worcefter, 
 who has left fo great a name behind him for his eminent 
 piety and learning. Dr. Stillingfleet : he to his death con- 
 tinued in an high efleem of her, and has been often heard, 
 upon feveral occafions, to fay, that he knew not a more 
 
 confiderable 
 
ELIZABETH BURNET. 401 
 
 <onfiderable woman in England than (he was. Nor was 
 ihe lefs efteemed by the Dean of that church, the late Lord 
 Bifliop of Durham ^ who had always a high value for her. 
 But the fucceflbr ■* of Bifliop Stillingfleet in that fee, having 
 a particular relation to her, treated her always with fuch a 
 refpedl, and exprefled his efteem of her on all occafions in 
 fuch terms, that her great humility and modcfty made her 
 afliamed to receive it. Thus fiie continued to live with Mr. 
 Berkcly till the year of our Lord 1693, when he died, and 
 was buried with his anceftors at Spctchley. 
 
 Li her widowhood, as flie had more time and leifurc, fo 
 fhe applied it wliolly to devotion, to reading, to ads of cha- 
 rity, and the offices of friendfliip ; particularly, (he took upon 
 her the care of her late hufband's proteftant relations, as if 
 they had been her own ; and was indeed a mother to them 
 all, as long as flie lived, fliewed a great concern for them, 
 and kindnefs to them, even at her death. She was alfo very 
 Jcind and obliging to all the reft of his family. 
 
 She had then a very plentiful income, which flie managed 
 with great prudence, as well as with an high degree of chari- 
 ty ; and was indeed uneafy at all other kind of expences, 
 but what went that way. 
 
 While flie continued at Spetchley, flie kept an hofpitable 
 table, to which the neighbouring clergy were always welcome. 
 She paid true refpedl to thole of them that were in low cir- 
 cumftances, heartily efteeming them for the fake of their 
 functions and labours j flie frequently made them prefents of 
 the moft ufeful books, and to fome flie generoufly lent money, 
 without requiring any fecurity expedling only to be paid when 
 by the providence of God, they might be put into more eafy 
 circumftances. 
 
 f Dj. Willjam Talbot. s Dr. "Wflliam Llovd. 
 
 Mr. 
 
402 • MEMOIRS OF 
 
 Mr. Berkely ordering in his will a great fum of money to 
 be raifed out of his eftate, to ereft an hofpital at "Worcefter 
 for poor people, fhe had it much at her heart to fee that 
 brought to perfedion as foon as was poflible ; and it pleafed 
 God to continue her life till fhe faw it was fettled, Befides 
 the care of this, fhe took upon her feveral charges in rela- 
 tion to his affairs, more than the law required, in the pay- 
 ment of debts and legacies : and here flie continued flill one 
 eminent inftance of charity, to which flie had engaged Mr. 
 Berkely in his life time ; which kind of charity is now by 
 the bleffing of God, fpread almofl all over England, in fet- 
 ting up fchools for the inftruftion and education of poor 
 children which fhe afterwards encreafed to a much greater 
 number. 
 
 She had early an inclination to employ her pen in feveral 
 forts of compoiition, which fhe was thought by her friends 
 to do to fo very good purpofe, that it encouraged her to em- 
 ploy much of her time that way ; and while fhe was a widow, 
 fhe made the firft draught of a book (afterwards publiflied) 
 entitled A Method of Devotion \ for her own ufe only, con- 
 fifting of fuch rules and diredlions as fhe refolved to condu(ft 
 herfeif by, and which indeed had been all along the meafure 
 of her praftice. 
 
 She continued a widow near feven years, and then 
 was married to the Right Reverend Gilbert Lord Bifhop 
 
 ' The original manufcript of this per- tatiotis, upon Death, &c. " This is the 
 
 formance, was lately in tlie library of " original, writ by the ingenious and 
 
 that celebrated antiquary Mr. Ralph " pious author Mrs. Elizabeth Burnet. 
 
 Thorefby of Leeds, who in the catalogue " In this are alfo a foliloquy upon her 
 
 of his MSS. gives the following account " ladyftiip's return to her clofet at Salif- 
 
 of it, Rules fnr the LoriTs Day, Days of " bury, April 9, 1703. A prayer for 
 
 Humiliation and Fajling, fublick and private , " my Lord Bifliop her hufband, whofc 
 
 concerning the Lord's Supper, Chriftmas Medi- " acceptable prefent it was." 
 
 of 
 
ELIZABETH BURNET. 403 
 
 of Salisbury ', where (lie found a family of children, which 
 /he treated not with a falfe indulgence, nor with an un- 
 natural feverity ; but with that care and true concern for 
 their education, as if they had been her own ; and was in- 
 deed loved and refpedted by them, as if flie had brought 
 them into the world ; of which the Bifliop was fo fenfible, 
 that he had, by his will then made, left them intirely un- 
 der her care and authority in fo abfolute a manner, that 
 it has been feldom known that fo much was trufted even 
 to the natural mothers of any children. And the Bifhop 
 judging right, that he brought blcfiing and happinefs 
 enough into his family, by bringing herfclf into it, defired 
 her to fecure all her own eftate and income to herfelf, 
 with a power to make fuch a will as flie pleafed ; to 
 which he bound himfelf to confent. So flic continued the 
 miflrefs of all that was her own, and allowed for her own 
 entertainment that which did not exceed the rate of a 
 boarding-houfe, that fo flie might the more abound in 
 good works ; which the Bifliop readily accepted of, though 
 he was willing and often told her fo, that nothing at all 
 fliould be allowed upon that account ; for flie had in her- 
 felf a treafure valuable beyond all riches : and indeed the 
 Bifliop was willing that all the world fliould fee that he 
 thought fo. 
 
 It will doubtlefs be allowed to be an high degree of cha- 
 rity in any one, to give away a fifth part of their income ; 
 but flie was very uneafy at taking a fifth part of it to her 
 own ufe. She feldom went beyond it, but was much of- 
 tener within it. The number of children taught at her 
 expence in and about Worcefter and Salifbury were above 
 an hundred. 
 
 ' She had two children by the biftiop, who died in thcij infancy. Hijl. Z);V7.vol. 3. p. 709. 
 
 Fff And 
 
404 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 And now fhe grew into a more general acquaintance, 
 and entered into friendfhip with fome perfons of the great- 
 efl quality, which made no other alteration in her, than 
 the increafing her zeal of doing more good, as her intereft 
 was enlarged. The being rich in good works was vifibly 
 the greateft defign of her whole life j and that which flie moil 
 of all delighted in. 
 
 Notwithftanding the interruptions which a more general 
 acquaintance gave her, fhe fpent as much time as fhe could 
 get to herfelf in writing upon divine and moral fubjedls j 
 and was prevailed with to confent to the printing of the 
 firfl edition of the afore-mentioned book, which, as well 
 as the fucceeding, was all entirely her own compofmg, 
 without any affiflance or addition by any perfon whatfo- 
 ever. 
 
 This being very much approved of by many of her 
 friends, flie thought fhe could make it much more ufeful, 
 by adding a great deal to it out of many other papers 
 flie had by her ; and fhe printed a fecond edition of it at 
 her own expence, that fhe might difpofe of it among thofe 
 whom fhe thought mofl likely to be improved by it. 
 
 The third edition of this book bears the following title. 
 A Method of Devotion : or Rules for holy and devout living, 
 with prayers on feveral occafions, and advices and devotions for 
 the holy Sacrament. Written by Mrs. BURNET, late Wife 
 of the Right Reverend Father in God Gilbert Lord Bijloop of 
 Sarum. To lohich is added, fome account of her Life^ by T. 
 Goodwyn, Archdeacon of Oxford. '&vo. Lond. 1713 '. 
 
 She kept a conftant journal of her life, and every even- 
 ing fpent much time in recoHeding her adions and dif- 
 
 » The memoirs of this lady are all (ex- the account of her life preJixed tO her de- 
 cepting the notes from Mr. Thorelby, and votions. 
 the Hijlorkal DiiiiQtiary,) extradled from 
 
 courfe 
 
ELIZABETH BURNET. 405 
 
 courfe that day ; and would call herlelf to a ftrid account in 
 every particular, that the errors of every day paft, might be 
 avoided in thofe that were to follow. 
 
 She had no fkill in the learned languages, but having made 
 the underftanding of the Scriptures her chief ftudy, by the 
 help of Englifli commentators, and the aillftance of thofe of 
 the clergy, with whom flie inoft frequently converfed, and 
 did often difcourfe about texts of fcripture that were obfcure 
 to her, flie attained to a great degree of knowledge in 
 them. Though (lie read them much, yet flie feldom employ- 
 ed her time in the more intricate fubjeds, which arc out of 
 the common way, and have no general ufe j but fpcnt it in 
 thofe of the greateft weight, in which fhe attained to a very 
 high knowledge. Though her mind was naturally inquifitive, 
 her apprehenfion quick, and her judgment folid ; yet Ihc con- 
 fined her enquiries to a few things : therefore when jflic had 
 made fome progrefs both in geometry and philofophy, flic laid 
 thefe ftudies afide, though flie had both a genius and a relifli 
 for them. She confidered the oiie Thing nccc[J(u-y\ and applied 
 herfelf wholly to that which related to it ; and even in that, 
 flie valued knowledge only as it purified the mind. Her 
 chief care was to govern her paflions, and to fubdue all her 
 aftedtions to created objedbs, and to elevate her foul into an 
 entire refignation and conformity to the holy will of God. 
 
 She knew exaftly how to diftinguifli between the means and 
 end of religion, and the neceflity of joining them both toge- 
 ther in her pradicc, fo as that flie came up to the fl;ridlefl: 
 rules of piety in her devotions, both in private and publick, 
 efpccially in her frequently receiving the facrament of the 
 Lord's Supper ; and as flie was heartily affcdlcd to the con- 
 ftitution of the ciiurch of England, and zealous for the trucil 
 intereft of it ; fo flie was fully perfwaded, that the befl: 
 evidence and teftimony flie could give of this, was in a flri<fl 
 
 F f f 2 govern- 
 
4o6 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 government of her paffions, in a conftant care and watchful- 
 nefs over her whole condudl, and in abounding in all kinds 
 of good works. 
 
 When flie converfed with divines and fcholars, who were 
 well known to her, Ihe would take a great deal of pleafure 
 in talking of fubjedls fuitable to their profeflions ; and would 
 fometimes engage in difputes, which fhe managed in fuch 
 an agreeable way, as if fhe had equally ftudied the fame 
 fubjedls with them. But in company, where any difcourfe 
 of this kind might be thought unfuitable, fhe made no ap- 
 pearance of knowledge above the common rank. 
 
 Her thoughts of religion were generous and noble, not 
 confined to narrow limits, or low meafures, fhe looked on 
 thofe as the befl reprefentations of it that made it appear 
 beautiful and lovely, and begot an internal purity of heart, 
 with an exalted zeal and life in the affedtions, and that gave 
 an internal fenfation of divine matters; yet fhe guarded 
 ftridly againfl Enthufiafm, and would not affedl to be wife 
 above what is written in the fcriptures. In the lafl years of 
 her life fhe delighted mofl in books that treated mofl of 
 the inward life of religion, of the feparation of the foul 
 from all creatures, and of an intire refignation of every 
 thing to the will of God. But above all, flie was mofl 
 conflant in reading the fcriptures daily, and ufed to fay, 
 that as to the prad:ical parts of them, the reading of them 
 with a fpirit of humility and iimplicity of heart, together 
 Avith earnefl prayer, and an ardent defire to underfland 
 the will of her heavenly father, was the befl means to 
 know of any doftrine whether it was of God or not ; fo 
 that fhe read the bible rather as a mean to raife her 
 foul to great views of God, and to a noble fenfe of 
 folid virtue, than out of curiofity, to increafe her know- 
 ledge, or to adorn her expreffionsj and indeed /he fpoke 
 
 fometimes 
 
ELIZABETH BURNET. 407 
 
 fometimes of thofe matters in ftrains that looked like rap- 
 tures, and charmed as well as they animated thofe who 
 heard them. 
 
 In her general way of difcourfe, flie fuited herfelf to 
 the company (he was in, as far as was confiltent with the 
 rules of decency and charity, and that with a fpirit and 
 lively chearfulnefs, that rendered her extreamly acceptable to 
 all people. 
 
 If any perfons were fpoken againfl in company where flie 
 was, fhe would, if there was room for it, take pains to 
 vindicate or excufe them, or elfe turn of the difcourfe to 
 fome other fubjedt. 
 
 As fhe was generally chearful in company, fo flie fet a 
 mofl ftrid: watch over her lips, without feeming to do fo. 
 She gave the greateft encouragement to an innocent freedom 
 in converfation, that ever any one of her ftridl piety was ob- 
 ferved to do. For indeed, tho' flie was fevere upon herfelf 
 in the opinion flie had of her own condudl in many au- 
 fterities, fuch as fafting and watching, which might probably 
 very much contribute to the weakening her conflitution ; 
 yet flie carefully avoided all appearance of feverity towards 
 others, and all oftentation of piety : nor was flic apt to 
 cenfure others that did not come up to the flridlnefs flie 
 obliged herfelf to. 
 
 Her defign indeed, was to render a flridlnefs in religion 
 as agreeable to all companies as was pofUble ; and to fliew 
 that it did not take off from that eafinefs and freedom which 
 is the life of converfation ; and few ever fucceeded better in 
 recommending it thus to the world, than flie did. 
 
 Her humility appeared in her whole converfation in a be- 
 coming modefiy towards her fuperiors, in an obliging civi- 
 lity to her equals, and mofl eminently in a kind condefcention 
 to thofe that were below her, No body defpifed more the 
 
 pomps 
 
4o8 MEMOIRS O F, &c. 
 
 pomps of this life than flie did ; but yet {he conforiped 
 to that decency of apparel and way of living, that vis 
 fuitable to the rank Ihe had in the world, though in the 
 plained manner, yet not affedling Angularity in any thing. 
 Her conftitution was always very tender ; but in the year 
 1707, it declined fo foft, that flie was advifed to go to the 
 fpav/ for the recovery of her health j by this means flie re- 
 trieved it a little while : but on January the 27th, 1708, 
 ilie fell lick of a pleuritick fever, which proved fatal, for, 
 her lungs being weak, in a few days Cne funk under it ; but 
 fliewed all along a full refignation of mind to the will of 
 God, and a patient enduring the pains flie felt. She expreffed 
 all that inward joy and fatisfadlion of mind which a life fo 
 well fpent as hers was, gave her juft ground to have ; and 
 after her voice quite failed her, fhe, as things were fpoken 
 in her hearing, fhewed, by the lifting up of her hands, and 
 other figns, in what an happy calm flie then poflefled her 
 foul, how eafy and comfortable her paflage was, and how 
 earneftly flie recommended the pradtice of true religion to all 
 about her : and thus departing this world, full of good works, 
 flie entered into the joy of her Lord, there to receive an am- 
 ple reward for them; February 3, 1708-9: and was buried 
 at Spetchly by her former hufband, according to a promife 
 flie had made him, as appears by this claufe in her will : 
 " I will that my body be buried in the parifli church of Spetch- 
 " ley, in the county of Worceller, in a vault made by me for 
 " my former huiband, Robert Berkely, Efq; and my felf. I 
 " order this to fulfil a promife I made to him ; not out of any 
 " want of refpeft or kindnefs to myprefent hufband, who has, 
 " by his great kindnefs and confidence, deferved from me all 
 " the gratitude and acknowledgments of love and refpeds I can 
 " teftifie." 
 
 LADY 
 
MEMOIRS OF 409 
 
 A D 
 
 CHUDLEIGH. 
 
 MARY LADY CHUDLEIGH, was born in the 
 month of Auguft, ann, 1656, and was the daughter 
 of Richard Lee of Winflade, in the county of Devon, Efq; 
 She had an education, in which Uterature feems not to have 
 been confidered as a thing principally to be regarded ; being 
 taught no other language than her native tongue. But her 
 own love of books, her great induflry in the reading of them, 
 and her great capacity to improve herfelf by them, enabled 
 her to make a very confiderable figure among the literati of 
 her time. 
 
 She was married to Sir George Chudleigh of Afliton in the 
 county of Devon, Bart, by whom flie had illue Eliza Maria, 
 who died in the bloom of life, much lamented by her mother, 
 who poured out her grief upon that occafion in a poem intitlcd, 
 A Dialogue betiaeen Lucinda and MariJJa ; and George, who 
 fuccceded to the title and eftate, Thomas and others. 
 
 She was a lady of great virtue, as well as great underfland- 
 ing; and (lie made the latter of thefe fubfervient to the pro- 
 motion of the former J which were greatly improved by lludy. 
 
 And 
 
410 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 And tho' (he was not only well verfed in poetry and hiftory, 
 but much delighted with them, yet fhe dedicated much of 
 her time to the ftudy of philofophy and divinity, as appears 
 from her excellent EJJ'ays, which difcover an uncommon de- 
 gree of piety and knowledge ; and a noble contempt of thofc 
 vanities which the generality of her rank fo eagerly purfue. 
 
 The works which flie has wrote and publiflied are, 
 
 The Ladies Defetice : or, the Bride-Woman'' s Counfellor an- 
 fwered: A Poem. In a Dialogue between Sir "John Brute, Sir 
 IVilliam Loveall, Meliff'a and a Parfon. This piece has been 
 feveral times printed. 
 
 The writing of it was occafioned by an angry fermon 
 preached againft the fair fex ; of which her ladyfliip gives 
 the following account. " " Mr. Lintott (fays fhe) fome time 
 " fince, intending to reprint my Poems, defired me to permit 
 " him to add to them a Dialogue I had in the year 1700, 
 *' written on a Sermon preached by Mr. Sprint, a non- 
 " conformift, at Sherbourn in Dorfetfliire : I refufing for fe- 
 " veral reafons, to grant his requeft, he, without my know- 
 " ledge, bought the copy of the bookfeller who formerly 
 " printed it ; and, without my confent, or once acquainting 
 " me with his refolution, added it to the fecond edition of 
 " my Poems : and that which makes the injury the greater, 
 " is, his having omitted the Epi/ik Dedicatory and the Preface -, 
 " by which means, he has left the reader wholly in the dark, 
 " and expofed me to cenfure. When it was firfl printed I 
 " had reafon to complain, but not fo much as now; then the 
 " Dedication was left intire, as I had written it ; but the 
 " Preface fo mangled, altered, and confiderably fliortened, 
 *' that I hardly knew it to be my own : but it being then 
 
 " In the preface to her E^ajs. 
 
 publiflied 
 
LADY CUDLEIGH. 411 
 
 *' publiflied without a name, I was the lefs concerned : but 
 " fince notwithftanding the great care I took to conceal it, 
 " 'tis known to be mine, I think myfelf obliged in my 
 " own defence to take fome notice of it." The omiHion of 
 this Preface, which contained an anfwer to part of the Ser- 
 mon, and gave her reafons for writing the Poem, had occafi- 
 oned fome people to make illnatured refledions on it. This 
 put her ladyfliip upon juflifying herfelf (in the preflice to 
 her Effays) and afTuring her readers, " there are no refledions 
 in it levelled at any particular perfons befides the author of 
 the Ser?m?i; him (fays fhe) I only blame for his being too 
 angry, for his not telling us our duty in a fofter, more 
 engaging way : addrefs and good manners render reproofs 
 a kindnefs ; but where they arc wanting, admonitions are 
 always taken ill : as truths of this fort ought never to be 
 concealed from us, fo they ought never to be told us with 
 an indecent warmth ; a refpedlful tendernefs would be more 
 becoming a meffenger of peace, the difciple of an humble, 
 patient, meek, commiferating Saviour." She wrote alfo. 
 The Song oj the three Children Paraphrafed: and many 
 other poems upon various fubjeds, which are printed together, 
 with tlie following title. POEMS on fever al Occafiom. By 
 the Lady C HUD LEIGH. The third Edition' corrcBed, 
 London, 1722, i2mo. Likewife, 
 
 ES SATS upon fever al SiihjeSfs, in Profe and Verfe. 
 Written by the Lady CH UD L EIG H, London, 1 7 1 o, Svo. 
 Thefe Eflays are upon Know/edge, Pride, Humility, Life. 
 Death, Fear, Grief, Riches, Self-love, fuflice. Anger, Ca- 
 lumny, Friendjl:ip, Love, Avarice, Solitude. This perfor- 
 mance is much admired ; and very juflly j for it may be 
 obferved, that there is not any appearance of falfe wit, or 
 affeded exprefllons, the common blemiilies of this fort of 
 writing. They appear to be, not the excurfions of a lively 
 
 G g g jmagina- 
 
412 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 imagination, which can often expatiate on the paffions and 
 adlions of men, with fmall experience of cither ; fo much as 
 the dehberate refults of a long exercife in the world, im- 
 proved with reading, regulated with judgment ; foftened by 
 good breeding, and heightened with fprightly thoughts and 
 elevated piety. Her ftile often runs of it felf into a kind of 
 poetic meafure. Her foul was harmonious, no wonder her 
 expreflions are the fame. This treatife is dedicated To her 
 Royal Highnefs the Princefs Sophia, Eleftrefs and Dutchefs 
 Dowager of Brunfvvick. On which occafion that excellent 
 Princefs, then in her 8oth year, honoured her with the fol- 
 lowing epiftle. 
 
 Madame Chudleigh, A Hanover le 25 de Juin 1710; 
 
 Vous M' avez fait une tres grand Plailir, de me faire con- 
 noitre par votre agreable Livre, qu'il y a une Perfonne comme 
 vous en Angletere, et qui a tant de Culture, qu'elle peut 
 d'une fi belle Maniere faire part de fes bon fentiments a 
 toute la Terre. Pour Moy je ne pretens meriter les Louanges 
 que vous me donnez, que par le cas que je faits de votre 
 Merite, et de vos bon fentiments, qui me porteront toujours 
 a vous eflimer parfaitement, et a eflre tout a fait. 
 
 Voutre affedlionee Amie 
 A Madame Chudleigh a vous rendre fervice, 
 
 aLondre. SOPHIE ELECTRIE. 
 
 Lady Chudleigh, Hanover, June 25th, 1710. 
 
 You have done me a very great pleafure in letting me 
 know by your agreeable book that there is fuch a one as you 
 
 in 
 
LADY CHUDLEIGH. 413 
 
 in England, and who has fo well improved herfelf, that flie 
 can in fo fine a manner communicate her good fentiments to 
 all the world. As for me, I do not pretend to deferve the 
 commendations you give me, but by the efteem which I 
 have of your merit, and of your good fenfe ; which will in- 
 duce me always perfeftly to efleem you, and to be intirely 
 
 Your afi-edionate friend 
 To Lady Chudleigh to ferve you 
 
 in London. SOPHIA ELECTRICE. 
 
 At the end of the fecond volume of the Duke of Whar- 
 ton's Poems, are five letters from Lady Chudleigh, to the 
 Reverend Mr. Norris of Bemerton, and Corinna, i. e. Mrs. 
 Elizabeth Thomas. 
 
 She wrote feveral other things, which tho' not printed, are 
 carefully preferved in the family, "viz. Two 'Tragedies. Two 
 Opera's. A Mafque. Some of Lucian's Dialogues, done into 
 verfe. Satyrical RefeSlions on Saqualio, in imitation of one 
 of Lucian's DialogiieSy with feveral fmall poems on various 
 occafions. 
 
 She had long laboured under the pains of a rheumatifm, 
 which had confined her to her chamber a confiderable time 
 before her death, which happened at Alhton in Dcvonfliire, 
 December the 15th, 1710, in the 55th year of her age: 
 and lies buried there without either monument or infcrip- 
 tion. 
 
 Ggg2 THE 
 
414 MEMOIRS OF THE 
 
 HONOURABLE 
 M-^^ DUD LEVA NORTH. 
 
 THE HONOURABLE Mrs. DUDLEYA NORTH 
 was the younger of two daughters of the Right 
 Honourable Charles Lord North, of Kirtling and Baron 
 Grey of Rollefton, by Catherine the daughter of the Right 
 Honourable William Lord Grey of Wark. She was born 
 at Lord North and Grey's houfe in Leicefter fields, in 
 July 1675, This Lord North had two fons who were 
 inflrudled in all neceflary fchool learning by a private tutor 
 in the houfe, before they were fent to the Univerfity of 
 Cambridge, wherein at a proper age they were both ad- 
 mitted Noblemen of Magdalen College. In the courfe of 
 their education at home, this lady, having a natural incli- 
 nation to learning, whilft fhe was a girl, was defirous to learn 
 Latin and Greek of the fame perfon along with her brothers. 
 Upon this foundation, as fhe advanced in years, fhe purfued 
 her ftudies fo affiduoufly and with fuch good fuccefs, that 
 fhe quickly rendered thofe two languages familiar to her. 
 But not content with that, fhe extended her views a great 
 deal farther ; and, after becoming intimately acquainted 
 with the original language of the Old Teftamentj fhe 
 gained by a long and fevere courfe of fludy, a competent 
 fhare of knowledge in the whole circle of Oriental learn- 
 ing. An evident proof of this, is that choice colledlion of 
 
 books. 
 
HON. Mrs. DUDLEYA NORTH. 415 
 
 books, flie died pofleffed of in that branch of literature ; 
 which after her death, were, by her only furviving brother, 
 the then Lord North and Grey, given to the Parochial library 
 at Rougham in Norfolk, founded by the Honourable Roger 
 North, Efq; for the ufe of the minifter of that parifli, and 
 under certain regulations and reftricSlions ; of the neighbour- 
 ing clergy alfo, for ever. Amongft thefe there is in particu- 
 lar, one very neat pocket Hebrew Bible in lamo. without 
 points, with iilver clafps to it, and bound in blue Turky 
 leather, in a cafe of the fame materials, which flie conftantly 
 carried to church with her. But this inceflant as well as 
 intenfe application to ftudy, at length brought her into a 
 confumptive diforder, which put a period to her valuable life ; 
 and fhe was tranflated from this, to a better, on the 25th of 
 April, 1712 ; at her fifters houfe the Lady North and Grey, 
 in Bond-ftreet in London : her brother the Lord North and 
 Grey being at that time in Flanders. On the fecond of May 
 following, her corps was carried down to Kirtling, or Catlidge, 
 in Cambridgfliire, the ancient feat of the family, and, with 
 all decent ceremony, fuitable to her quality, interred amongft 
 her anceftors in that church by her uncle the fiid Honour- 
 able Roger North, Efq; whom flie had made the fole ex- 
 ecutor of her laft will and teftament. 
 
 In the firft leaf of all the books that had been hers, 
 when they were depofited in that library, this infcrlption 
 was inferted. 
 
 E. Libris nobills & eruditae Virginis Domina? Dudleyo; 
 North, FilicE zetate minoris pra?nobilis Caroli Domini North 
 & Grey Baronis de Kirtling & RoUefton defuncfti. Beaeficio 
 prasnobilis Wilhelmi Domini North 6c Grey, ejus Filii natu 
 maximi & hreredis ; E. Concilio fecretiori, Sc inter Locum 
 tenentes Generalis Exercituum dominie Anna; Dei Gratia Mag. 
 Brit. Fran, & Hibern, Regina?, Fidei Defenforis, &c. 
 
 ELIZA- 
 
4i6 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 ELIZABETH BLAND. 
 
 THIS gentlewoman was remarkable both for her know- 
 ledge of the Hebrew Language, and for a peculiar 
 fkilfulnefs in the writing of it. 
 
 She was born about the time of the reftoration of 
 King Charles the fecond, and was the daughter and heir of 
 Mr. Robert Fiflier, of Long-acre in the parifh of St. Martin 
 in the Fields, in the county of Middlefex. 
 
 April 26, 1681, flie was married to Mr. Nathaniel Bland, 
 (then a linnen draper in London ; afterwards Lord of the 
 Mannor of Beefton, in the parifh of Leeds, in the county of 
 York, his paternal inheritance ; where they refided many 
 years) by whom flie had fix children, who all died in their 
 infancy excepting one fon named Jofeph, and a daughter 
 called Martha, who was married to Mr. George More of 
 Beeflon aforefaid. She was inftrufted in the Hebrew Langu- 
 age by the Lord Van Helmont, which fhe underftood to fuch 
 a degree of perfeftion, that flie taught it to her fon and 
 daughter. 
 
 Among the curiofities of the Royal fociety, is preferved of 
 her writing, a Phyladtery in Hebrew, of which Dr, Grew 
 has given us the following account ". " It is only a lingle 
 
 * See his account of the Rarities pre- t--ween thine Eyes. " But they afterwards 
 
 ferved at Grelham College, Fol. Lond. " ferved more for oftentation ; and at laft 
 
 1681. The Dr. obferves " The original " for fpells or Amulets. From whence 
 
 " ufe of them to be for memento's : " alfo the ufe of charms amongft chriftians 
 
 " groundedonthatcommand,Deut. 6. 8." " was firft learned ; and thofe who gave 
 
 Jfid thou Jkalt bind them for a fign upon " them called Phylafterii. Prohibited by 
 
 thine hand, and they Jl:all be as frantkti be- " the council in Trullo." 
 
 " fcroll 
 
ELIZABETH BLAND. 417 
 
 " fcroll of parchment, three quarters of an inch broad, and 
 "15 inches long; with four fentences of the law, (viz. 
 " Exod. 13, from 7. to 11, and from 13, to 17, Deut. 6, 
 " from 3, to 10, and 11, from 13, to 19,) moft curioufly 
 " written upon it in Hebrew. Serarius from the Rabbies, 
 " faith, that they were written feverally upon fo many fcrolls. 
 " And that the Jews do to this day wear them over their 
 " foreheads in that manner. So that they are of feveral forts 
 " or modes, whereof this is one." This was wrote at the 
 requeft of Mr. Thorefby " ; and was given by her to that re- 
 pofitory. 
 
 By the two pedigrees of the family, printed in Mr, 
 Thorelby's Ductitus Lcodiaijis, pages 209, and 587, it feems 
 that flie was living in 171 2. 
 
 This is all the account I have beeii able to procure, 
 either of her, or her writings ; which probably were con- 
 fiderable, as her attainments in this one branch of learning 
 were fo complete. 
 
 * Vid. Ducatus Lcidicnjis, p. 499. 
 
 HONOUR- 
 
4i8 MEMOIRS OF THE 
 
 HONOURABLE 
 MRS. MONK. 
 
 THIS lady was the daughter of the Right Honourable 
 Lord Molefworth a nobleman of Ireland ; and wife 
 of George Monk, Efq. She, purely by the force of her 
 own natural genius acquired a perfedl knowledge of the 
 Latin, Italian and Spanifh tongues : and by a conftant read- 
 ing of the fineft authors in thofc languages, became fo great 
 a miftrefs of the art of poetry, that flie wrote many poems 
 for her own diverfion, yet, with fuch accuracy that they 
 were deemed worthy of publication ; and foon after her 
 death were printed and publifhed with the following title, 
 Marinda. Poems and Trmijlations upon feveral Occafions^ 
 8i;o. Lond. 171 6. 'Tis addrefled to her Royal Highnefs 
 Carolina Princefs of Wales, by a long dedication dated March 
 26, 17 1 6, wrote by her father Lord Molefworth, who fpeaks 
 of the poems and of the author in the following manner. 
 " Mofl of them (fays he) are the produdl of the leifure hours 
 *' of a young gentlewoman lately dead, who in a remote 
 " country retirement, without any afliftance but that of a 
 " good library, and without omitting the daily care due to 
 " a large family, not only perfedly acquired the feveral 
 " languages here made ufe of, but the good morals and 
 " principles contained in thofe books, fo as to put them in 
 " pradlice, as well during her life and languifliing ficknefs 
 " as at the hour of her death ; in fliort, flie died not only 
 
 « like 
 
HONOURABLE MRS. MONK. 419 
 
 *' like a Chriftian but a Roman Lady, and fo became at once 
 " the objed: of the Grief and Comfort of her relations. As 
 *' much as I am obliged to be fparing in commending what 
 " belongs to me, I cannot forbear thinking fome of thefe 
 " circumllances uncommon enough to be taken notice of: 
 " I loved her more becaufe JJoe dcfcrved it, than becaufe f^e 
 " was mine, and I cannot do greater honour to her me- 
 " mory, than by confecrating her labours, or rather her di- 
 " verfion to your Royal Highnefs, as we found mod of 
 " them in her fcritore after her death, written with her own 
 " hand, little expcdling ; and as little defiring the publick 
 *' fliould have any opportunity either of applauding or con- 
 " demning them." 
 
 Mr. Jacob tells us ^ that thofe poems and tranflations fliew 
 the true fpirit and numbers of poetry, a delicacy of turns, 
 and juftnefs of thought and exprellion. As this book is not 
 very common ; a lliort account of it may not be unaccep- 
 table to the reader. The moft valuable poems in this collec- 
 tion are, 
 
 1. Runway Love. A tranflation from Taflb. In this 
 piece Venus having loft Cupid, offers this reward for his 
 apprehenfion. 
 
 And he that finds the boy fliall have 
 The fweeteft kifs I ever gave : 
 But he tiiat brings him to my arms. 
 Shall mafter be of all my charms. 
 
 2. An Eclogue in return to a Tak fent by a Friend. This 
 Mr. Jacob fays, is an excellent piece. 
 
 3. Miifque of the Virtues againfl Love. From Guarini. 
 
 y In his lives of the poets. Vol. II. p. 107. 
 
 H h h 4. Human 
 
426 MEMOIRS OF THE 
 
 4. Human Frailty. 
 
 5. 0;z Providence. 
 
 6. The timerous Lover. From Guarini. 
 
 7. A Tranjlation of fart of the ^tb Scene of the Second 
 Acl of Pa/hr-Fido. 
 
 8. A Pajloral Dialogue. From the Spanifh. 
 
 9. On a Ladfs Statue in Marble. 
 
 10. Sonetto. From Guarini. 
 
 11. Canzone. From Petrarch. 
 
 12. An Fpiftle to Marinda. This poem begins thus, 
 
 A jufl applaufe, and an immortal name 
 
 Is the true objedt of the poet's aim ; 
 
 In queft of this they boldly quit the Shore, 
 
 And dangerous feas and unknown lands explore. 
 
 In the whole plan their intereft has no fhare. 
 
 The goods of fortune are beneath their care ; 
 
 They on the fmoke of publick incenfe live, 
 
 Look down on wealth, and think it mean to thrive. 
 
 13. To Marinda. A Fuerperium. 
 
 14. Canzone of Mortfignior Delia Cafa. 
 
 15. A Dialogue bctiaeen Lucitida and Strephon, on a But- 
 ter-jiy that revived before the Fire^ and afterwards few into 
 it and was burnt. 
 
 16. An Ode on the late Recti's Birth-Day. 
 
 17. On fght of the prefent Emperefs of Germany. 
 
 18. Madrigals in imitation of the Italian. 
 
 ig. A Tranfation from TaJ'o. Gierufalemme Liberata.' 
 
 20. Upon Orpheus and Euridice. From the Spanifh. 
 
 2 1 . Mocoli. A Poem, Addreffed to Colonel Richard Molef- 
 worth^ at the Camp at Pratz ' del Rey, in Catalonia. An. 
 1711. 
 
 - The 
 
HONOURABLE MRS. MONK. 421 
 
 The following epitaph on a lady of pleafure, was written 
 by her. 
 
 O'er this marble drop a tear, 
 Here lies fair Rofallnde, 
 All mankind was pleas'd with her, 
 And flie with all mankind. 
 
 And likewife this epigram upon a lady of the fame cha- 
 radter. 
 
 Cloe her goflips entertains 
 With ftories of her child-bed pains, 
 And fiercely againft Hymen rails ; 
 But Hymen's not lb much to blame : 
 She knows, unlefs her mem'ry fails. 
 E'er flie was wed, 'twas much the fame. 
 
 The following verfes were wrote by her (as I am inform'd) 
 on her death-bed at Bath, to her hulhand in London. 
 
 Thou, who doft all my worldly thoughts employ, 
 
 Thou pleafing fource of all my earthly joy : 
 
 Thou tend'rcft hulband, and thou bell of friends. 
 
 To thee this firfl this lafl: adieu I fend. 
 
 At length the conqu'ror death aflerts his right, 
 
 And will for ever vail me from thy fight. 
 
 He woos me to him with a chearful grace ; 
 
 And not one terror clouds his meagre face. 
 
 He promiles a lafling reft from pain j 
 
 And (hews that all life's fleeting joys are vain. 
 
 Th'eternal Scenes of Heaven he fets in view, 
 
 And tells me that no other joys are true. 
 
 H h h 2 But 
 
422 M E M O I R S O F G?^. 
 
 But love, fond love, would yet refift his pow^er j 
 Would fain a while defer the parting hour : 
 He brings thy mourning image to my eyes. 
 And would obflrudt my journey to the fkies. 
 But fay, thou deareft, thou unwearied friend ; 
 Say, fliouldfl thou grieve to fee my forrows end ? 
 Thou knowft a painful pilgrimage I've paft ; 
 And fhouldft thou grieve that reft is come at laft ? 
 Rather rejoice to fee me fhake off life. 
 And die as I have liv'd, thy faithful wife. 
 
 She died about the year 17 1 5. 
 
 ELIZA- 
 
M E M O I R S O F 4^3 
 
 ELIZABETH BURY. 
 
 ELIZABETH BURY was born (about) the beginning of 
 March, 1644, at Clare in the county of Suffolk, and 
 was baptized the twelfth of the fame month. Her father 
 was Captain Adams Lawrence of Lynton in Cambridgefliire, 
 a perfon of great integrity. Her mother was Mrs. Elizabeth 
 Cutts, daughter of Henry Cutts, Efq; of Clare aforeiaid. 
 
 As (he had fuch talents, and fuch a temper, in the ufe of 
 them, as made her converfation greatly valued by all her ac- 
 quaintance J fo flie was never fliy of affording them that plca- 
 fure i being never referved, but when flie thought her com- 
 pany difagreeable, or flie could profit lierfelf more by her 
 own thoughts, than by the difcourfc of others. 
 
 She has been often taken notice of as a perfon of uncom- 
 mon parts, ready thought, quick apprehenfion, and proper 
 expreffion : flie was always very inquifitive into the nature 
 and reafon of things, and thought herfclf greatly obliged to 
 any that would give her inftrudlion. 
 
 In common converfation, upon the flirts and banters of 
 others, flie had often fuch fliarp turns, and ready replies, that 
 were very furprizing ; and yet mollify'd, with fncli art, and 
 air, and ingenuity, that they could very fcldom be refented 
 by any. 
 
 In writing of letters, fhe had a great aptnefs and felicity of 
 exprefiion ; and was always thought fo clofe and pertinent 
 
 and 
 
424- MEMOIRS OF 
 
 and full to the purpofe j and withal fo ferious, and fpirltual, 
 that hev correfpondence was greatly valued, by fome of the 
 brighteft minds, even in very diflant countries. 
 
 Her genius, led her to the ftudy of almoft every thing, 
 liaving fuch a natural capacity accompanied with a very faith- 
 ful and retentive memory ; and taking fuch a continual plea- 
 fure in reading and converfation, flie foon became miilrefs 
 (in fome meafure) of any thing flie aimed at. 
 
 She often diverted herfelf with philology, philofophy, hi- 
 ftory, ancient and modern ; fometimes with mufick, vocal 
 and inflrumental ; fometimes with heraldry, globes and ma- 
 thematicks ; fometimes with learning the French tongue, 
 (chiefly for converfation with French Refugees, to whom fhe 
 was an uncommon benefadlrefs) but efpecially in perfefting 
 herfelf in Hebrew ; which by long application and pradtice, 
 file had rendered fo familiar and eafy to her, as frequently to 
 quote the original in common converfation, when the true 
 meaning of fome particular texts of fcripture depended on it. 
 She made very critical remarks upon the idioms and peculia- 
 rities of that language, which after her deceafe were found 
 amongft her papers. 
 
 Another ftudy flie took much pleafure in was anatomy and 
 medicine, being led and prompted to it by her own ill 
 health, and partly from a defire of being ufeful amongft her 
 neighbours : in this flie improved fo much, that many of 
 the greateft mafters of the faculty have been often ftartled, 
 by her ftating the nioft nice and difficult cafes, in fuch pro- 
 per terms, as could have been expedled only from men of 
 their own profeffion ; for flie had a furprizing knowledge as 
 they have often owned of the human body, and of the Mate- 
 ria Medica. 
 
 But however flie diverted herfelf with thefe, yet her con- 
 ftant favourite and darling ftudy was divinity j efpecially the 
 
 holy 
 
ELIZABETH BURY. 425 
 
 holy fcrlpturcs, having from her very childhood taken God's 
 Teftimonies for the Men of her Counfcl. And next to the 
 holy fcriptnres, there was not any one book flie fo niuch 
 valued as Mr. Henry's Anmtatiou. To this and fome books 
 in pradlical divinity, flie devoted moft of her fecret and lei- 
 fure hours. 
 
 But notwithftanding all her knowledge, and unufual at- 
 tainments, in fo many profeflions, faculties, kinds of litera- 
 ture, and moft important truths of religion, (he would al- 
 ways confefs and bewail her own ignorance, and that flic 
 knew little in comparifon of what others did, or what flie 
 ought to have known, in any of thefe matters. 
 
 She would often regret, that fo many learned men fliould 
 be fo uncharitable to her fex, as to fpeak fo little in their 
 mother tongue, and be fo loath to afllft their feebler faculties. 
 
 When they were in any wife difpofed to an accurate fearch 
 into things curious or profitable, as well as others ; efpecially 
 (as flie often argued) fince they would all fo readily own, 
 that fouls were not not diftinguiflied by fexes. And there- 
 fore flie thought it would have been an honourable pity in 
 them to have offered fomething in condefcention to their capa- 
 cities. And as to herfelf, flie would always fpeak with the 
 greateft thankfulnefs, of her fingular obligations to her father 
 Bradfliaw, Dr. Fulwood, and fome others, for the ready and 
 kind afliftance they gave her, in all her applications to them, 
 in order to the little light and knowledge llie had attained in 
 fuch things. 
 
 She was very charitable to the poor, fparing no pains, nor 
 grudging any charges (in her widow- ftate) to carry on her 
 defigns for the relief of miferable families, exil'd for religion ; 
 for eredling of charity-fchools, to educate the poor ; for the 
 maintenance of miniflers and candidates ; and for a fl;ock of 
 bibles and pradical books, to be diftributed as ihe fliould fee 
 
 occafion. 
 
426 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 occafion. So many long and expenfive journies fhe had taken 
 in promoting thefe charitable defigns amongfc her acquain- 
 tance, that flie had fometimes this pleafant remark upon her- 
 felf, " I have afted the part of a beggar (o long, that I am 
 *' now almoft really one my felf." She very much approved 
 of every one's devoting a certain part of their eftates to pious 
 and charitable ufes ; for then, fays (he, " they will not grudge 
 " to give out of a bag that is no longer their own." And 
 as to fuch as had no children, flie thought it was reafonable 
 they Ihould appropriate a fourth part of their neat profit 
 (as well as (he) to fuch neceffary purpofes. 
 
 She was very exemplary in her devotions, and would often 
 fay, " She would not be hired out of her clofet for a thou- 
 " fand worlds," She never enjoyed fuch hours of pleafure, 
 and fuch free and intimate communion with God, as fhe 
 had there ; and wondered how any could by an omiffion of 
 duty, deprive themfelves of one of the greateft priviledges 
 allowed to men : frequently affirming, that, " fhe would not 
 " lofe her morning hours with God, tho' flie were fure to 
 gain the whole world by it :" flie grudged that the pooreft 
 labourer fhould be ever found at his work before her. And 
 even from her youth, agreed it with her fervant, under great 
 penalties upon herfelf, that fhe would rife every morning at 
 four of the clock for her clofet. Which was her pradtice 
 from the eleventh year of her age ; and at five (if ficknefs , 
 or pain did not prevent her,) for betwixt twenty and thirty 
 of the laft years of her life. 
 
 She carefully endeavoured to improve the day in company 
 and converfation with her friends, was always well furnifhed 
 with matter of ufeful difcourfe, and could make very happy 
 tranfitions from worldly to ferious talk : but yet would often 
 complain of the lofs of much precious time in giving and 
 receiving vifits j and fay, fhe could not be fatisfied with fuch a 
 
 life. 
 
ELIZABETH BURY. 427 
 
 life, wherein flie could neither do nor receive good, but 
 mufl keep to her clofet and her book. She often remark'd it 
 in her accounts, " entertain'd very kindly at fuch and fuch 
 " houfes, but no good done to herfclf or others." And fomc- 
 times when flie returned from unprofitable Company, 
 would complain, " That though flie had ftruck fire fo often, 
 " yet it always fell upon wet tinder." 
 
 Her firft marriage was to Griflith Lloyd, Efq; of Hemming- 
 ford Grey, in Huntingdonfliire, on the firfl of February 1 667, 
 in the twenty third year of her age. He was a Gentleman of 
 good reputation and eftate, of great ufefulnefs in his country, 
 whiift in commilTion of the peace ; and afterwards as a recon- 
 ciler of differences, and common patron of the oppreffed : He 
 was one of a very active and generous fpirit, a perfon of great 
 piety, fingular temper, and fleady faithfulnefs to his friends. 
 They lived together about fifteen years (to April 13, 1682) 
 with fuch a mutual love and pleafure, as to be particularly 
 taken notice of by all their neighbours. 
 
 Her fecond marriage was to Mr. Samuel Bury (a diffent- 
 ing minifter) on May 29, 1697. With this gentleman flie 
 lived very happily until the iith of May, 1720, at which 
 time being at Brillol, and having arrived at the fevcnty fe- 
 venth year of her age, after a fliort illnefs of a few days, 
 flie joyfully furrendercd up her pious foul to God that gave 
 it ; and left this world at laft without either figh or groan, 
 and with the pleafanteft fmile that ever was obferved in 
 her countenance before. Dr. Watts alludes to this in the 
 following elegant manner, in his elegy on her death ^. 
 
 But ne'er fliall words or lines or colours paint 
 Th' immortal paflions of th' expiring faint. 
 
 * Printed at the end of Mrs. Bury's Diary. 
 
 I i i What 
 
428 MEMOIRSOF- 
 
 What beams of joy (angelick airs) arife 
 
 O're her pale cheeks, and fparkle thro' her eyes, 
 
 In that dark hour ! how all ferene (he lay, 
 
 Beneath the openings of celeftial day ! 
 
 Her foul retires from fenfe, refines from fin. 
 
 While the defcending glory wrought within ; 
 
 Then in a facred calm refign'd her breath. 
 
 And as her eye-lids clos'd, fhe fmil'd in death. 
 
 She left behind her a large diary, which has been a- 
 bridg'd and publifli'd " by her beloved and mournful confort 
 Mr. Bury : From his account of her I acknowledge my 
 felf to have taken this, which is now offered to the pub- 
 lick. In which, if I have omitted many things that are 
 material, I muft beg the fame excufe for myfeif which he 
 has made in his preface to that work, viz. that he found 
 it abfolutely neceffary to omit many things truly valuable, 
 or elfe the work muft have fwell'd to an improper fize. 
 
 Amongft her mifcellaneous papers were the following 
 difcourfes. Meditations on the Divinity of the Holy Scrip- 
 tures. The fever al Parts of the Creation. The Extent^ Ef- 
 ficacy and Myji^ry of Providence. A Believer's Ufiion with 
 Chrijl. His Commtmi ng with his own Heart. His walk- 
 ing with Good. His regulating his Thoughts, AffeSlionSy 
 Speech and ABions. The whole I)uty and Happinefs of 
 Man. The grand Treafure of all Scripture Promifes. The 
 itnreafonablenefs of Fretting againft GOD. The Manfion of 
 the Soul of Man. The RejurreSiion of the Body. Together 
 with her Critical Obfervaticns in Anatomy^ Medicine^ Ma- 
 thematicks, Mufck, Pkilofophy, Rhetorick. 
 
 » oa. Briflol, 1721. 
 
 I will 
 
 \ 
 
ELIZABETH BURY. 429 
 
 I win conclude the charadler of this learned and vir- 
 tuous gentlewoman with part of Dr. Watts's elegy on her 
 much lamented death ; as being a beautiful fummary of 
 her excellencies j where hinting at her Diary he thus 
 proceeds. 
 
 Behold her here j 
 
 How juft the form how foft the lines appear ! 
 The features of her foul without difguife, 
 Drawn by her own blefs'd pen, a fwect furprize 
 To mourning Friends. The partner of her cares 
 Seiz'd the fair piece, and wafh'd it o'er with tears, 
 Drefs'd it in flowers then hung it on her urn; 
 A pattern for the fex in ages yet unborn. 
 
 Daughters of Eve, come, trace thefe heavenly lines, 
 Feel with what power the bright example fliines ; 
 She was what you fhould be. Young virgins, come 
 Drop a kind tear, and drefs you at her tomb : 
 Gay filks and diamonds are a vulgar road ; 
 Her radiant virtues fhould create the mode. 
 Matrons attend her hearfe with thoughts refin'd, 
 Gaze and tranfcribe the beauties of her mind, 
 And let her live in you. The meek the great ; 
 The chafte and free ; the chearful and fedate j 
 Swift to forgivenefs, but to anger flow ; 
 And rich in learning, yet averfe to (liowj 
 With charity and zeal that rarely join. 
 And all the human graces and divine, 
 Reign'd in het. breaft ; and held a pleafing (Irife ^ 
 Thro' every fliifting fcene of various life, > 
 
 The maid, the bride, the widow, and the wife. J 
 
 lii 2 Nor 
 
 
 » 
 
 ^•■.. 
 
430 MEMOIRS OF, &c. 
 
 Nor need a manly fpirit blufh to gain 
 Exalted thoughts from her fuperior vein. 
 Attend her hints, ye fages of the fchools. 
 And by her nobler pradice frame your rules. 
 Let her inform you to addrefs the ear 
 With conquering fuafion, or reproof fevere. 
 And ftill without offence. Thrice happy foul. 
 That could our paffions and her own controul! 
 Could weild and govern that unruly train, 
 Senfe, fancy, pleafure, fear, grief, hope and pain. 
 And live fublimely good ! behold her move 
 Thro' earth's rude fcenes, yet point her thoughts above : 
 Seraphs on earth pant for their native Jkies, 
 And rmtiire feels it painful not to rife. 
 
 Ye venerable tribes of holy men. 
 Read the devotions of her heart and pen. 
 And learn to pray and die. Biirifa knew 
 To make life happy and refign it too. 
 The foul that oft had walk'd th' etherial road, 
 Pleas'd with the fummons, took her farewel flight to God. 
 
 ANNE 
 
MEMOIRS OF 431 
 
 ANNE 
 
 COUNTESS OF WINCHELSEA. 
 
 ANNE Countefs of Winchelfea, a lady of an excellent 
 Genius, efpecially in poetry, was daughter of Sir Wil- 
 liam Kingfmill, of Sidmonton, in the County of Southamp- 
 ton, Knight. She was maid of honour to the Dutchefs of 
 York, fecond wife to King James the fecond ; and was af- 
 terwards married to Heneage, fecond fon of Heneage Earl 
 of Winchelfea, by lady Mary, fecond daughter of William 
 Seamour, Duke of Somerfet ; which Heneage was, in his 
 Father's life-time, Gentleman of the bed-chamber to the 
 duke of York, and afterwards, upon the death of his ne- 
 phew Charles, fucceeded him in the title of Earl of Win- 
 chelfea. One of the moft confiderable of the Countefs of 
 Winchelfea's poems was that upon the Spleen^ printed in 
 A new Mifcellany of Original Poems on feveral Occa/ions^ 
 publifli'd by Mr. Charles Gildon, at London 1701, in 8vo. 
 That poem occafioned another of Mr. Nicholas Rowe's, in- 
 titled. An Epijlle to Flavin on the fight of two Pimlaric 
 Odes on the Spleen and Vanity, "written by a Lady to her 
 Friend. A colled;ion of her poems was printed at Lon- 
 don 1 71 3, in 8vo. containing likewife a Tragedy never ad:- 
 ed, intitled Ariftomenes. A great number of her poems ftill 
 continue unpublifli'd in the hands of the Reverend Mr. 
 
 Creak e 
 
432 MEMOIRS OF ANNE 
 
 Creake, and fome in the poffeflion of the Pvight Honour- 
 able the Countefs of Hertford. Some of which are print- 
 ed in the laft edition of Bayle's Hiftorical Dictionary, Sec, As 
 that vafl and expenfive performance is in but very few hands, 
 I will here tranfcribe from thence a fpecimen of her talents this 
 way, which was wrote in anfwer to the following addrefs. 
 
 To lady Winchelfey, occafioned by four verfes in the 
 Rape of the Lock : By Mr. Pope. 
 
 In vain you boafl poetic names of yore. 
 And cite thofe Sapphoes we admire no more : 
 Fate doom'd the fall of ev'ry female wit. 
 But doom'd it then when firft Ardelia writ. 
 Of all examples by the world confeft 
 I knew Ardelia could not quote the beft. 
 Who like her miftrefs, on Britannia's throne 
 Fights and fubdues, in quarrels not her own. 
 To write their praife you but in vain effay ; 
 Even while you write, you take that praife away : 
 Light to the ftars the fun does thus reftore, 
 And fliines himfelf, 'till they are feen no more. 
 
 Lady Winchelfea's Anfwer to the foregoing verfes. 
 
 Difarm'd with fo genteel an air. 
 
 The conteft I give o're ; 
 Yet Alexander have a care, 
 And fliock the fex no more. 
 We rule the world our life's whole race, 
 
 Men but aflume that right j 
 Firft flaves to ev'ry tempting face. 
 
 Then martyrs to our fpite. 
 You of one Orpheus fure have read, 
 Who would like you have writ 
 
 Had 
 
COUNTESS OF WINCHELSEA. 433 
 
 Had he in London town been bred, 
 
 And polifh'd to his wit; 
 But he poor foul thought all was well. 
 
 And great fhould be his fame, 
 When he had left his wife in hell. 
 
 And birds and beafts could tame. 
 Yet venturing then with fcoffing rhimes 
 
 The women to incenfe, 
 Refenting heroines of thofe times 
 
 Soon punifli'd his offence. 
 And as the Hebrus roll'd his fcull. 
 
 And harp befmear'd with blood. 
 They clafliing as the waves grew full 
 
 Still harmoniz'd the flood. 
 But you our follies gently treat. 
 
 And fpin fo fine the thread. 
 You need not fear his aukward fate, 
 
 The lock won't coft the head. 
 Our admiration you command 
 
 For all that's gone before ; 
 What next we look for at your hand 
 
 Can only raife it more. 
 Yet footh the ladies I advife 
 
 (As me to pride has wrought,) 
 We're born to wit, but to be wife 
 
 By admonitions taught. 
 
 She died without iffue, on the fifth day of Augufl:, 1720. 
 
 The reader is oblig'd to the authors of the General Dictionary 
 for this account of lady Winchelfea. 
 
 LADY 
 
434 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 LAD 
 
 NORTON. 
 
 FRANCES LADY NORTON was born about the 
 middle of the feventeenth century ; and was defcend- 
 ed from the ancient and genteel family of the Frekes, in 
 the county of Dorfet. By her writings fhe feems to have 
 been educated in the Greek and Latin tongues. She was 
 married firft to Sir George Norton of Abbots Leigh, in 
 the county of Somerfet, Knight, by whom flie had three 
 children, George and Elizabeth, who died young, and are 
 interred in Weftminfter Abbey ; and Grace, an excellent 
 lady, and of uncommon abilities ; who was married to Sir 
 Richard Gethin, of Gethin Grot, in Ireland, Baronet, and 
 died in the very flower of her age ( as may be feen un- 
 der the year 1697) to the inexpreffible grief of her mo- 
 ther lady Norton. In order to alleviate the forrow fhe had 
 conceived by this her invaluable lofs, lady Norton engaged 
 herfelf in drawing up two books, which bear the follow- 
 ing titles. The Applaiife cf Virtue. In four Parts. Con- 
 Jifting of fever al Divine and Moral Effays towards the ob- 
 taining of true Virtue, By the Lady Norton, ^.to. London, 
 
MEMOIRS OF 435 
 
 1705. This treatifc is dedicated to her cou fin, Madam 
 Freke of Shroten : and contains 262 pages. Memento Mori : 
 Or Meditations on Death. By the Lady Norton, ^to. Lon- 
 don, ijo^. This difcourfe is dedicated to her coufin the 
 Hon. Mrs. Ehzabeth Hamilton, and contains 108 pages. 
 Thofe pious performances are an ample teftimony of her 
 learning ; and {hew her to have been well read in the bcfl 
 primitive flithers, philofophers, Sec. which flie perpetually 
 quotes to illuftrate her fubjedl ; and indeed to very good 
 advantage : nor are they lefs demonftrative of her own good 
 fenfe, and mod exalted piety ; there being the mod lively 
 image of a devout foul in every page of her works. This 
 very commendable employment was the method flie made 
 choice of to mitigate her forrow. And doubtlefs flie could 
 not poflibly have chofcn any better. Her pious difpofition 
 under the diredion of fo good an underflanding, could not 
 fail of giving her a due fenle of her duty : one main part of 
 which is to fubmit with patience to the various dilpenfa- 
 tions of providence, and to acquiefce at leafl:, if we do not 
 fee reafon to rejoice in whatfoever he is pleafed to allot 
 us. Very few people feem to have been better prepared 
 for fuch holy contemplations than this worthy lady ; for 
 having added to her own piety a large acquaintance with 
 the beft authors on divine fubje<fts, flie became well quali- 
 fied for the moft elevated fpeculations ; and for the regu- 
 lar and due performance of all the duties of religion, which 
 file feeins to have pradifed with an ardency and purity of zeal, 
 equal to that of thofe primitive writers flie was fo con- 
 vcrfant in. I have been informed by a very worthy la- 
 dy % that there are ftill remaining at Abbots-Leigh, fevcral 
 pieces of furniture of her own working, with many de- 
 
 * Mrs. Trcncliard, in a letter to nic, dated June the Stlj, 1745. 
 
 K k k vout 
 
436 L A D Y N O R T O N. 
 
 vout fentences wrought on them, which plainly fhew the con- 
 ftant objedl of her thoughts : herein imitating St. Auguftine, 
 who had many pious fayings of the Royal Pfalmift written about 
 his bed. It would be almofl endlefs to recount her many ex- 
 cellent fayings, and feafonable admonitions which fhe gave 
 to her friends and acquaintance. She would fay, " Prayer 
 is the great duty and the greateft privilege of a chrifti- 
 an ; 'tis his intercourfe with God, his fandiuary in trou- 
 ble, his remedy for fins, his cure of griefs. Prayer is 
 the afcent of the mind to God, a petitioning for fuch 
 things as we need for our fupport : it is an abflradl or 
 fummary of chrifliian religion and divine worfliip, con- 
 fefling God's power and mercy : it celebrates his attri- 
 butes, confefleth his glory, reveres his perfon, implores 
 his aid, and gives thanks for his blefiings : 'tis an adl of 
 charity, for it prays for others : 'tis an adt of repentance, 
 when it confefTeth and begs pardon for our fins, and ex- 
 ercifes our grace according to the defign of the man 
 and the manner of the prayer. In praying we imitate 
 the employment of angels and beatified fpirits, by which 
 we afcend to God in fpirit whilft we remain on earth. 
 We fpeak to God in prayer, when the tongue is {['ift- 
 ned with the approachings of death : prayer can dwell 
 in the heart, or by the eye, by a thought or groan : 
 prayer of all adtions of religion, is the lafl alive, and it 
 ferves God without circumflances and exercifes material 
 to the laft breath." Thus amiably and pathetically would 
 fhe difcourfe on the efHcacy of prayer. Among a thoufand 
 things of the like nature, upon other religious fubjed:s fhe would 
 fay, " The quinteffence of all wifdom is to prepare for 
 " death; it is the bufinefs we fhould learn all our lives to 
 " exercife ; the faults therein committed are irreparable, 
 ." and the lofs without recovery. We fliould no more 
 
 " confide 
 
MEMOIRS OF, Gft:. 437 
 
 " confide in the profperity of the world than to a flill lea 
 ** which in a great calm oft-times prelageth the near ap- 
 " preaching tempefl ; to declare that in good we fliould 
 " live in diftruft of ill : and in evil in hopes of good ; but 
 " in both the one and the other ever in equality. This 
 " is verily one of the mafter-pieces of wifdom which God 
 " imparteth greatly to a refigned fpirit. Death meets us 
 " every where, and is procured by every inflrument, and 
 " in all chances, and enters in by many doors, by vio- 
 " lence and fccret influences. Therefore ought we to be 
 " continually preparing for that mofl: Important hour, by holi- 
 " nefs and purity of life j by charity, humility, repen- 
 " tance, &c." 
 
 All I can fay flirther of this pious lady is, that her 
 bounty to the church was very extcnfive : That flie mar- 
 ried to her fecond hulband colonel Ambrofe Norton : and 
 to her third, Mr, Jones : and that flie was living (in an 
 advanced age) about the year 1720. 
 
 .^f^i^^, ^J 
 
 K k k 2 CATHERINE 
 
438 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 CATHERINE BOVEY. 
 
 NOTwkhftanding I am not positively aflured that this 
 worthy gentlewoman was either a linguift or writer, 
 yet I cannot by any means think fhe ought to be omitted in 
 thefe memoirs. For as her extraordinary merit, her exem- 
 plary life, and the noble ufe fhe made of an ample fortune, 
 demand for her an honourable place among the female wor- 
 thies ; fo her great genius and good judgment improved by 
 reading the fineft authors, and the wit and elegance of her 
 converfation, which has been fo much admired and celebrated 
 by the beft judges, may juftly intitle her to a charadler 
 among the learned ; and if flie was not a writer, may at 
 leaft make us wifh that fhe had been fo. She was the 
 daughter of John Riches, Efq; of London, Merchant. At 
 the age of fifteen, fhe was married to William Bovey, Efq; 
 who was Lord of the Mannor of Flaxley in Glouceflerfhire, 
 a gentleman of a very plentiful fortune. 
 
 The author of 'The New Atala?itis ^, gives the following 
 elegant and jufl defcription of her. — " Her perfon has as 
 ** many charms as can be defired, — She is one of thofe lofty, 
 ** black, and lafling beauties, that flrikes with reverence, 
 *' and yet delight j there is no feature in her face, nor any 
 " thiiig in her perfon, her air, and manner, that could be 
 
 t Vol III. p. 2og, Edit. 1736. 
 
 *' exchanged 
 
CATHERINE B-O V E Y. 439 
 
 ** exchanged for any others, and fhe not prove a lofer : thea 
 ** as to her mind and condudl, her judgment, her fenfe, her 
 " ileadfaftnefs, her reading, her wit and converfatlon, they 
 " are admirable ; fo much above what is moft lovely in the 
 " fex, that fliut but your eyes, (and allow for the mufick 
 *' of her voice) your mind would be charmed, as thinking 
 " your felf converfing with the mofl: knowing, moft refined 
 " of yours ; free from all levity and fuperficialnefs, her fenfe 
 
 " is folid and perfpicuous. She is fo neat, fo perfedt, an 
 
 " OEConomift, that in taking in all the greater beauties of 
 " life, fhe does not difdain to floop to the moft inferior ; in 
 " fhort, flie knows all that a man can know, without de- 
 " fpifing what, as a woman, Ihe fhould not be igno- 
 " rant of. 
 
 " Inimitable has been her conduft, and 'tis owing to 
 " her prodigious modefly alone, that the whole eaflern em- 
 " pire does not found her glory. She has defired to live 
 " unknown, and has confined herfelf to a narrow part of 
 " it, elfe her flime had been as diffufive as her merit ; 
 " wifely declining all publick allemblies, flie is contented 
 " to pofTefs her foul in tranquillity and freedom at home, 
 " among the few happy flie has honoured with the name 
 " of friends." 
 
 At the age of twenty two, fhe was left a widow, without 
 children, and in very plentiful circumflances : and being like- 
 wife, certain of being heirefs to her father, a gentleman of 
 great riches, thefe things added to her abovementioned illu- 
 ftrious and amiable qualities, gained her crouds of admirers. 
 " Since her widowhood (fays the abovementioned ingenious 
 " writer) fhe has been the perpetual mark of thofe who 
 " wanted fortune, and of fuch who afpired at pofreihng 
 " merit and beauty ; a croud of undefervers, a train of dc- 
 " fervers ; the diflinguifliing adore her perfedions, the gene- 
 
 " rality 
 
440 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 " rality worfliip her poffeffions. Many are her perfonal 
 " lovers, and wlio even deferve to be beloved ; but her refo- 
 " lution no more to inflave herfelf, has left them fmall part 
 " to hope in her favour, all in her efleem." She chofe ra- 
 ther to remain in a ftate of widowhood, that flie might be 
 certain to meet with no interruption in the diftribution of 
 her great riches, which fhe employed to the bell: pur- 
 pofes, viz. to various works of piety ; to divers kinds of 
 charity ; to hofpitality ; and to the encouragement and ad- 
 vancement of learning, &c. And notwithftanding the dif- 
 advantages of her education, in not being inftrufted in the 
 learned languages ; yet by often converfing with fome of the 
 moft learned men of the age ; and by her retired way of life, 
 and intenfe application to ftudy, flie attained to a very great 
 fliare of learning, knowledge and judgment. Of this we 
 are allured by Mr. (afterwards Sir Richard) Steele, who in a 
 dedication ' to Mrs. Bovey, informs his readers, by telling her, 
 " that inflead of alTemblies, books and folitude were her 
 " choice, and that flie had gone on in the fludy of what Ihe 
 " flaould be, rather than attend to the celebration of what 
 " ihe was. Thus (fays he) with the charms of the fairefl 
 " of your own fex, and knowledge not inferior to the 
 " more learned of ours, a clofct, a bower, or fome beauteous 
 " fcene of rural nature, has conftantly robbed the world of 
 " a ladies appearance, who never was beheld but with 
 " gladnefs to her vifitants, nor ever admired but with pain 
 " to herfelf. 
 
 " But a conftant diftribution of large charities, a fearch for 
 " objefts of new bounty, and a fkilful choice of modeft 
 *' merit, or fufFering virtue, touch the fouls of thofe who 
 
 e Vid. the epiftle dedicatory, prefixed publifhed by Mr. Richard Steele, Lon- 
 to the fecond vol. of The Ladies Library, don, 1714. 
 
 " partake 
 
CATHERINE BOVEY. 441 
 
 " partake your goodnefs too deeply to be born without in- 
 " quiring for, and celebrating their benefadrei's : I lliould be 
 " loath to offend your tendernefs in this particular, but I 
 " know, when I fay this, the fathcrlefs and the widow, 
 " the negledled man of merit, the wretch on the fick bed, 
 " in a word, the diftrefled under all forms, will from this 
 " hint learn to trace the kind hand which has fo often as 
 " from Heaven, conveyed to them what they have afked in 
 " the anguilli of foul, when none could hear, but He who 
 *' has blelfed you with fo ample a fortune, and given you a 
 " foul to employ it in his fervice." Thus far this elegant 
 writer. And the incomparably learned Dr. Hickes being 
 truly fenfible of her great merit, did in a moil: elaborate 
 and learned performance ', printed long before her death, thus 
 expreffes his efteem for her. 
 
 Prieflantifflma Sc honefliflima matrona Catbcrijm Bovcy de 
 Tlaxky in agro Gloucclhienfi, Anglut noftras Hypatia ChrijUana^ 
 de qua nulla laus tam modice, quin ejus fummam gravitcr 
 oftcndat modeiliam ; nee tam alte & magnifice dici poteft, 
 quin earn virtutes ejus a?quent, fi non exfuperent. 
 
 It were eafy to enlarge on a chara(5ler whofe worth was fo 
 generally known, and well attefted, and which fliewed it felf 
 not merely in a probable appearance, but in a real exercife of 
 the grcatefi: virtues : but as the remaining part of her charadl- 
 er may be much better learnt from her monumental infcrip- 
 tions, than from any thing I can lay ; I fliall rather chufe to 
 finifli this Ihort account of her by giving compleat tranfcripts 
 of both. 
 
 J See the Dr's preface to his Lingum-um Septtntrionaliitm Ti>t/mrtu, &C. p. 47. 
 
 On 
 
442 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 On a beautiful honorary marble monument ereded In 
 the abby church of Weflminfter is the following infcrip- 
 tion. 
 
 To the Memory of Mrs. Catherine Bovey, whofe per/on and 
 underjianding would have become the highefi rank in female life, 
 and whofe vivacity would have recommended her in the bejl 
 converfation ; but by fudgment as well as inclination^ jhe chofe 
 fuch a retirement as gave her great opportunities for read- 
 ing and refeBion, which fl:e made ufe of to the wifejl pur- 
 poses of improvement in hiowledge and religion ; upon other fub- 
 jeSls fie ve?2tured far out of the common way of thinking ; 
 but in religious matters foe made the holy fcriptures, in 
 which Jlje was well filled, the rule and guide of her faith 
 and anions, efieemifig it more fafe to rely upon the plain 
 word of God, than to run into any freedoms of thought upon 
 revealed truths ; the great fiare of time allowed to her clofet 
 was f20t perceived in her ceconomy, for fie had always a 
 •well-ordered, atid well-in/lruSled family from the happy in- 
 fluence as well of her temper and cottduSl, as of her uniform 
 and exemplary chriflian life. It pleafed God to blefs her with 
 a confiderable ejlate, which, with a liberal hand, guided by 
 wifdom and piety, fie employed to his glory and the good of 
 her neighbours. Her domejiick expeitces were managed with 
 a decency and dignity fuitable to her fortune, but with a 
 frugality that ?nade her income abound to all proper objeSls 
 of charity, to the relief of the 7iecefiitous, the encouragement 
 of the induftrious, and the inftruBion of the ignorant. She 
 diflributed not only with chearfulnefs, but with joy, which upon 
 fome occafions of raifmg and refrefinng the fpirit of the afflic- 
 ted, fie could not refrain from breaking forth into tears, 
 flowing from a heart thoroughly affeSled with compafjion and 
 
 benevO' 
 
CATHERINE BOVEY, 443 
 
 benevolaice. Thus did many of her good works, ivhile Jhe lived, 
 go up as a memorial before God j and fome floe left to fol- 
 low her. 
 
 She died January 21, 1726, in the ^jth year of her age, 
 at Flaxley, her feat in Gloucejlerpire ; and was buried there^ 
 where her name will be long remembered ; and where fever al 
 of her benefaSlions at that place as well as others, are more par- 
 ticularly recorded. 
 
 Under it on a white marble. 
 
 This monument was ereBed with the utmofl refpeSl to her me- 
 mory and jujlice to her character, by her executrix, Mrs. 
 Mary Pope, who lived with her near forty years, in perfect 
 friendjlnp, and never once interrupted, till her much lamented 
 death. 
 
 The infcription on her monument at Flaxley in Gloucef- 
 
 terlliire. 
 
 In the vault near this chapel is rcpofitcd the body of Mrs. 
 Catherine Bovey, daughter of John Riches, Efq; of London, 
 
 merchant. She wqs married to William Bovey, Efq; Lord 
 
 of the Mannor of Flaxley, at the age of fifteen, and was left 
 a widow, without children, at the age of 22, and continued fo 
 
 all the rcji of her life. She entertained her friends and 
 
 neighbours with a mojl agreeable hofpitality, but always took care 
 to have a la?ge referve for charity, which Jloe beficwed not only 
 on fuch occafious as offered, but fiudied hoio to employ it fo, as 
 to make it mofl ufeful and advantageous. Her difpo/ition 
 to do good was fo well known in the difiri£l about her, 
 
 L 1 1 that 
 
444 M E M O I R S O F &c. 
 
 that (he eaJJly became acquainted ivith the circu??rftaf7ces of thofe 
 that 'wanted. And as fie preferred many families from ruin 
 by reafonable Joans or gifts, fo fie conveyed her ajjijlance to 
 
 fame of the better rank, in fiich a manner, as made it doubly 
 acceptable. How far her bounty extended u-as knewn to her- 
 
 feJf alone, but much of it appeared to her honour and God's 
 Glory in frequent diftributions to the poor, and efpecially to the 
 charity-fchools round about the country ; relieving thofe in prifon, 
 atid delivering tnajiy out of it ; in contributing to churches of 
 the Englifij eftablifimieiit abroad, as well as aiding feveral at 
 home, in cloathing and feeding her indigent neighbours, and in 
 teaching their children, fome of whom eve?-y funday by turns, fie 
 entertained at her houfe, and condefcended to examine them her- 
 
 felf Be/ides this contifiual, it might be faid this daily coiirfe 
 
 of liberality during her life, fioe bequeathed at her death, to- 
 wards the founding a college in the I/land of Bermuda, 500 1, 
 — To the grey-coat hofpital in St. Margarets Weftminfter, 500 1. 
 
 — To the blue-coat hofpital in Wefiminfter, 200 1, To the 
 
 charity-fchool of Chrift's Church parifi:) in Southwark, 400 1. 
 —To augment the living of this place, 1200I. — To put out 
 
 poor children of this parifi) apprentices, the inter efi of \oo\. 
 
 for ever ; of which fum 160 1. had been given by Mr. Clarke 
 and Mr. Bovey. — To be dijlributed as her executrix fioould think 
 
 fit ; among thofe whom fioe had put out apprentices in her life- 
 time, 400 1. 
 
 Lafily, fioe defign'd the re-building of this Chapel^ which 
 pious defign of hers was executed by Mrs, Mary Pope, 
 
 MARY 
 
MEMOIRSOF 445 
 
 MARY ASTELL. 
 
 THIS great ornament of her fex and country, was 
 born at Newcaftle upon Tyne, in the county of 
 Northumberland, about the year 1668 ; and was the daugh- 
 ter of Aftell, merchant, in that place. She was ve- 
 ry genteely educated ; and taught all the accomplifhments 
 which are ufually learned by young gentlewomen of her 
 ftation : and altho' ihe proceeded no farther in the langua- 
 ges at that time, than the learning of the French tongue ; 
 yet fhe afterwards gain'd fome knowledge in the Latin, 
 And having a piercing wit, a folid judgment, and tenaci- 
 ous memory, (he made herfelf a complete mirtrcfs of e- 
 very thing fhe attempted to learn with the greateft eafe 
 imagmable. 
 
 Her excellent natural parts and great propenfity to learn- 
 ing, being obferv'd by an uncle who was a clergyman, 
 he generoufly undertook to be her preceptor : under his 
 tuition flie made a confiderable progrefs in philofophy, 
 niathematicks, and logic. 
 
 At about twenty years of age flie left Newcaftle and went 
 to London, where, and at Chelfey, flie fpent the remain- 
 ing part of her life. Here flie profecuted her ftudies very 
 affiduoufly, and in a little time made great acquifitions in 
 tlie abovcmentioned fciences. 
 
 The learning and knowledge which fhe had gained, to- 
 gether with her great benevolence and generofity of tem- 
 
 L 11 2 per, 
 
146 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 per, taught her to obferve and lament the lofs of it in 
 thofe of her own fex : the want of which, as fhe juftly 
 obferved, was the principal caufe of their plunging them- 
 felves into fo many follies and inconveniences. 
 
 To redrefs this evil as much as lay in her power to 
 do, fhe wrote and publiQi'd an ingenious treatife, intitled, 
 A Serious Propofal to the Ladies, for the Advancement oj 
 their true and greateji Intereft, &c. Kndi fome time after 
 came out a fecond part, with this title, A Serious Propo- 
 fal to the Ladies, Part the Secofid : Wherein a Method is 
 offered for the Improvement of their Minds. Both thofe per- 
 formances were printed together, in i2mo, at London, 1697. 
 Thefe books contributed not a little towards awakening their 
 minds, and leffening their efteem for thofe trifling amufe- 
 ments which fteal away too much of their time ; and to- 
 wards putting them upon employing their faculties the 
 right way, in the purfuit of ufeful knowledge. Nay, the 
 fcheme given in her propofal, feemed fo reafonable, and 
 wrought fo far upon a certain great lady, that flie had de- 
 figned to give ten thoufand pounds towards eredling a fort 
 of college for the education and improvement of the fe- 
 male fex : and as a retreat for thefe ladies who naufeat- 
 ing the parade of the world, might here find a happy re- 
 cefs from the noife and hurry of it. But this defign com- 
 ing to the ears of Bifliop Burnet, he immediately went to 
 that lady, and fo powerfully remonflrated againfl it, telling 
 Jier it would look like preparing a way for Popifj Or- 
 ders, that it would be reputed a Nimnery, &c. that he 
 utterly frufb-ated that noble defign. 
 
 Soon after the publication of the firft part of her Propofal, 
 Sec. the Rev. Mr. John Norris publiflied his PraSlical Difcourfs 
 
 upoji Several Divine SubjeSls. Which being very carefully 
 
 perufed by Mrs. Allell, raifed feveral doubts and fcruples in 
 
 her 
 
M A R Y A S T E L L. 447 
 
 her concerning the Love of God. — She addrefs'd herfelf to 
 that excellent Divine for the folution of thofe difficulties. 
 This occafioned the paffing of feveral excellent letters be- 
 tween them upon that fubjedl : which being thought wor- 
 thy of feeing the light by fo proper a judge as Mr. Nor- 
 ris, at his importunity fhe at laft confented they fliould be 
 made publick ; tho' without difclofing fo much as the 
 initial letters of her name. The fame modclly flie ufed 
 in the publication of all her other works ; being extreme- 
 ly fond of obfcurity, which fhe courted and doted on be- 
 yond all earthly bleffings; and was as ambitious to Aide 
 gently through the world, without fo much as being feeii 
 or taken notice of, as others are to buftle and make a fi- 
 gure in it. She wrote an elegant preface, which, with ano- 
 ther drawn up by Mr. Norris, are prefixed to this work, 
 which bears the following title. Letters coiicerning the 
 Love of God, betiveen the Author of the Propofal fo the 
 Ladies, and Mr. John Norris : Wherein his late Difcoiirfc, 
 JI:eiving that it ought to be entire and exclufive of all other 
 Loves, is cleared and juflified. Publiflyd by J. Norris. M. A. 
 ReBor of Bemerton near Sariim. London, 1695. 8r<7. 
 
 Notwithftanding her great care to conceal herfelf, her 
 name was foon difcovercd and made known to feveral learn- 
 ed perfons, whofe reftlefs curiofity would otherwife hardly 
 have been fatisfied. Thofe letters have been much applau- 
 ded for their good fenfe, fublime thoughts and fine lan- 
 guage. And if there was nothing more remaining of this 
 worthy gentlewoman's performances, this alone would per- 
 petuate her memory to latefl: pofterity. In all her writings 
 which I have feen, but particularly in thofe letters to Mr. 
 Norris, there is fuch a peculiar grace and excellency of flyle 
 and thought, that what was once laid of the works of Gregory " 
 Nazianzcn, may very juftly be applied to her, viz. That 
 
 ihe 
 
44-S M E M O I R S O F 
 
 fhe never tires her readers, but always difmifleth them 
 with a thirft after more. As a teftimony of this, let Mr. 
 Norris be my voucher, who in his preface to thofe letters 
 
 addrefTes her in the following manner. " Madam, there 
 
 " are fome pleafures that are always fhort, if time be 
 " their meafure ; and were your difcourfes here never fo 
 *' prolix, I fhould ftill think, and be ready to complain 
 *' they were done too foon, fo great and noble is the fub- 
 " jedt, and fo admirable both your thoughts and exprof- 
 " fions upon it ; fuch choicenefs of matter, fuch weight of 
 " fenfe, fuch art and order of contrivance, fuch clearnefs 
 " and ftrength of reafoning, fuch beauty of language, fuch 
 " addrefs of flile, fuch bright and lively images and co- 
 *' lours of things, and fuch moving ftrains of the mofl 
 " natural and powerful oratory, and all this feafon'd with 
 " fuch a tindture of piety, and feeming to come from a 
 *' true inward vital principle of the mofl fmcere and fet- 
 *' tied devotion." And a little after, he adds, " Madam, I 
 *' am very fenfible what obligations I am under to you 
 " for the privilege of your excellent correfpondence, though 
 " I can never hope that my thanks fhould ever equal ei- 
 " ther the pleafure or the advantage I have received by 
 " it, or that I fhould be ever able to exprefs the value I 
 " fet upon your letters, either as to their ingenuity, or 
 " their piety. The former of which might make them 
 " an entertainment for an angel, and the latter fufficient 
 " (if pofTible) to make a faint of the blackefl devil. I 
 " am fure for my own part, I have particular reafon to 
 " thank you for them, having received great fpiritual com- 
 " fort and advantage by them, not only heat but light, 
 " intelledlual as well as moral improvement ; for, (as ma- 
 " ny difcourfes as there are upon the fubjedl) to 
 *' my knowledge I never met with any that have fo 
 
 " en- 
 
M A R Y A S T E L L. 449 
 
 " enllghten'd my mind, inlarg'd my heart, fo entered and 
 " took pofTeflion of my fpirit, and have had fuch a ge- 
 " neral and commanding influence over my whole foul as 
 " thefe of yours." 
 
 I cannot find that fhe either wrote or publifli'd any 
 thing in kven years after the writing of thefe letters ; ex- 
 cepting the fecond part of her Propofal to the Ladies ; and 
 a witty piece, commonly aicrib'd to her, intitled, An Effay 
 in Defence of the Female Sex. In a Letter to a Lady. 
 Written by a Lady. Wrote in the year 1696, and fince 
 often re-printed. But tho' we fee not any produdt of her 
 fludies during that time, it is certain flie was as intent as 
 pofTible on the profecution of them : and was fo far de- 
 voted to them, (that as I have been informed by a rela- 
 tion of her's) when flie has accidentally feen needlefs vi- 
 fitors coming, whom fhe knew to be incapable of difcourf- 
 ing upon any ufeful fubjecfl, but to come for the fake of 
 chatt and tattle, fhe would look out at the window, and 
 jeftingly tell them (as Cato did Nafica) " Mrs. Aftell is 
 " not at home;" and in good earnefl keep them out, not 
 fuffering fuch triflers to make inroads upon her more fe- 
 rious hours. 
 
 At this time fhe acqulr'd a more complete knowledge 
 of many claflic authors. The Heathen writers which flie 
 efleemed moft, were, Zenophon, Plato, Hierocles, Tully, 
 Seneca, Epidletus, and M. Antoninus. 
 
 In the year 1700, fhe drew up and publiflied a book 
 intitled, KefleSliom on Marriage. Some people think fhe 
 has carried her arguments with regard to the birthrights 
 and privileges of her fex a little too far j and that there 
 is too much warmth of temper difcovered in this treatife. 
 
 But 
 
450 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 But if thofe perfons had known the motive ^ which in- 
 duced her to write that tradl; it might poffibly have a- 
 bated very much of their cenfure. It was not long be- 
 fore flie underftood that this compofition did not pleafe 
 fome very nice palates ; whereupon flie publiflied a fecond 
 edition, with this title, RefleSliom upon Marriage. To ivJoich 
 is added a Preface, in anfwer to fome objeSliom. London^ 
 1705. 2d. Edit. 8vo, This book, and the long preface 
 prefixed to it, are both wrote with a vaft deal of wit and 
 fmartnefs : and make perhaps the ftrongeft defence that e- 
 ver yet appeared in print, of the rights and abilities of 
 the fair fex. 
 
 About this time, obferving the pernicious artifices of the 
 feftaries, fhe to her lafting honour, courageoufly and fuc- 
 cefsfully attack'd them on all fides ; and engaged the at- 
 tention of the publick for a confiderable time, with her 
 productions ; which were of excellent fervice in counter- 
 mining the fly defigns that were then very artfully car- 
 ried on, in order to corrupt at prefent, and to fubvert 
 upon any proper opportunity, both church and ftate. Nor 
 was fhe lefs ferviceable to the church, in examining and 
 confuting the dodlrines of fome, who pretending to be true 
 fons thereof, were then introducing dangerous pofitions and 
 tenets, derogatory to the honour of our bleffed Saviour ; 
 as lefiTening his divinity, &:c. 
 
 She thought none of thofe treatifes threatned more dan- 
 ger to the eftablifliment than Dr. D'Avenant's Moderati- 
 on a Virtue : And Effays on Peace and War, &c. There- 
 fore to put a ftop to the fpreading contagion arifing from 
 thence, flie generoufly gave the world by way of anti- 
 dote, an admirable compofition intitled. Moderation truly 
 
 8 The motive, as I have been in- marriage contraft with an eminent cler- 
 formed, was her difappointmeut in a gyman. 
 
 Jlated : 
 
MARY A'STELL. 451. 
 
 jlated : or a review of a late pamphlet intitled Moderation a 
 Vertue, or, the Occaftonal Conformijl Jujliffd from the Im- 
 putation of Hypccrify. Wherein this jiiftification is further 
 confidered, and as far as it is capable jujUffd, &€. London^ 
 1704, /\.to. 
 
 The prefatory difcourfe is addrcfled to Dr. D'Avenant 
 and both that, and the book itfelf, will be a lafting tcfli- 
 mony of her being admirably well verfed in our conftitutioii 
 both in church and ftate : a rare accompliihment in a wo- 
 man ; but perhaps the lefs to be wondered at, in that reign, 
 when the fupreme government of both was committed to a 
 female hand. I cannot forbear inferting the great charafter 
 which was lately given me of this performance, by a learned 
 friend, who among other things fays, " This book is a con- 
 ♦' vincing proof of her great genius, ftrong fenfe, and folid 
 '' judgment, and of her great affeiftion to the church of 
 '' England. It is written with fo much life and fpirit, that 
 " every fentence has a peculiar weight, derived from her wit, 
 '' as well as reafon ; like an arrow that is at once diredcd 
 " with judgment, and thrown with ftrength. She has with 
 *' a diftinguilhed judgment difledled and difplajxd the ambi- 
 '' tious views, and fmifter defigns of the dilfenters ; and dif- 
 " covered what abominable diffimulation and hypocrify and 
 " felf-intereft lies concealed under their maflc of fupcrior 
 ♦' piety, and how averfe they are to pradife that Moderation 
 " which they feem to recommend. In fliort flic has fairly 
 *' routed their champion Dr. D' Averiant, traced him through 
 " all liis fiiufflings, and thrown his arguments in his face. It 
 " is in my opinion an incomparable book, and puts the 
 *' charader and principles of the diflenters in the truefl 
 " light." • 
 
 In fpight of all the arts flie ufcd to conceal hcrfelf, the 
 learned foon difcovered her to be the author ; and accordingly 
 
 M m m gave 
 
452 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 gave her the appkufe due to her merit. For in a letter 
 which I have feen, wrote by that great mafter of almoft all 
 learning, Dr. Hickes, to Dr. Charlett, mafter of univerfity 
 college in Oxford, dated Dec. 9, 1704, treating of other 
 books of this fort, he adds, " And you may now afliire your 
 " felf, that Mrs. Aftell is the author of the other book againft 
 " Occafional Co7nmunio7i, which we juftly admired fo much." 
 And it may not perhaps be thought improper to obferve in 
 this place, that feveral other great men have paid their juft 
 tributes to her fame. Dr. John Walker ' very refpedtfully 
 calls her, the mojl ingejiioiis Mrs. Aftell. And the eminently 
 learned Mr. Henry Dodwell ftyles '' her the admirable gentle- 
 woman Mrs. Aftell. And Mr. Evelyn ' takes notice of her 
 among fome other great ladies which he had omitted in his 
 catalogue of learned women, in the following manner — " nor 
 " without the higheft ingratitude for the fatisfadlion I ftill 
 
 " receive by what I read of Madam Aftell's, Befides 
 
 " what lately fhe has propofed to the virtuous of her fex, 
 " to fliew by her own example what great things and excel- 
 " lencies it is capable of," 
 
 I muft, in order to do juftice to her charadlier, add one 
 more teftimony of her, which is publiflied in one of the 
 fupplemental volumes to Bayle's Great Hi/lor ical DiEiionary^ 
 Article Norris j which being very fingular, and coming from 
 the pen of an eminent prelate, deferves particular attention and 
 confideration. 'Tis given by Dr. F. Atterbury, Bifliop of 
 Rochefter, who in a letter of bis to Dr. Smalridge, thus 
 expreffes his fentiments of Mrs. Aftell. 
 
 » Sufferings of the Clergy, part 2d. p. Volume of Leland's Itinerary, p. 13. 
 J77. And the pref. p. 26. ' Numifmata or a Difcourfi of Medals 
 
 k See Mr. Hearne's prsf, to the 7th p. 265 , 
 
 Dear 
 
M A R Y A S T E L L. 453 
 
 *.' Dear George, 
 
 " I happened about a fortnight ago to dine with Mrs. 
 " Aftell. She fpoke to me of my Sermon," [which I fuppofe 
 by what follows, is that which he preached, and afterwards 
 printed againfl: Bifliop Hoadley's Meafurcs of Suhnujjion?^ 
 " and defired me to print it : and after I had given the pro- 
 " per anfwer, hinted to me that flie fliould be glad of peru- 
 " fing it, I complyed with her, and fent her the fcrmon the 
 " next day. Yefterday flie returned it with this flieet of re- 
 " marks, which I cannot forbear communicating to you, 
 " becaufe I take 'cm to be of an extraordinary nature, con- 
 " fidering they came from the pen of a woman. Indeed 
 " one would not imagine a woman had written them. 
 " There is not an exprellion that carries the leaft air of her 
 " fex from the beginning to the end of it. She attacks me 
 " very home you fee, and artfully enough, under a pretence 
 " of taking my part again ft other divines, who are in Hoad- 
 " ley's meafures. Had flie had as much good breeding as 
 " good fenfe, fhe would be perfedl ; but flie has not the 
 " moft decent manner of infinuating what flie means, but 
 *' is now and then a little offenfive and fliocking in her ex- 
 " preflions ; which I wonder at, becaufe a civil turn of 
 " words is what her fex is always miftrefs of. She, I think 
 " is wanting in it. But her fenfiblc and rational way of 
 " writing makes amends for that defedt, if indeed any thing 
 " can make amends for it. 1 dread to engage her ; fo I 
 " only writ a general civil anfwer to her, and leave the reft 
 " to an Oral conference. Her way of folving the difficulty 
 '* about fwearing to the Queen is fomevvhat Angular." 
 
 Whether this letter was publiflied to expofe the lady, or 
 the bifliop, or both, or what other views the compilers of 
 that work had in publifliing it, is not in my power to deter- 
 
 M m m 2 mine : 
 
454 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 mine : but this I will venture to fay in Mrs. Aftell's behalf, 
 that I believe thofe who have perufed her book of the 
 Chrjftian Religion, and read with attention what fhe has 
 there wrote upon Decency and Decorum (which was printed 
 and publifhed long before flie had this converfation with the 
 bidiop) will not very eafily fall into his way of thinking ; they 
 will foon find that flie underftood the theory, as well as him- 
 felf, if we may judge from his writings j and that flie was 
 no lefs fkilled in the praiflick part fully appears from her fa- 
 mous controverfy with Dr. D'Avenant; where one cannot 
 without great pleafurc obferve, what an exadt miftrefs fhe 
 was, of all that Decency and Decorum, which in her book 
 of the Chrijlian Religion, flie has taken occafion to explain 
 and recommend. In fliort, I never could yet learn, from any 
 other hand, that fhe was not as unexceptionable in her ex- 
 prefTions, as a writer, as fhe was in her manners, as a 
 chriflian. 
 
 But to return ; more of thefe feditious libels coming to her 
 hands, particularly that called Short Ways — . She imme- 
 diately returned an appofite anfwer intitled, A Fair Way with 
 the Dijfenters and their Patrons. Not JVrit by Mr. L — y, or 
 any other Furious "Jacobite, whether Clergyman or Layman j 
 but by a very Moderate Perfon ajid Dutiful SubjeB to the ^een, 
 London, 1704, 4to. While this treatiie was in the prefs. 
 Dr. D'Avenant came out with a new edition of his Modera- 
 tion ftill a Vertue, &cc. Wherepon flie immediately return'd 
 a very fatisfadlory anfwer to it, which was added by way oF 
 pofl:fcript to this book. This tradl (which is now become 
 exceeding fcarce) fliould go along with, and always attend 
 Moderation truly Jlated, as a proper appendix to that admir- 
 able treatife. 
 
 To correifl the crude opinions and notions of fome ; and 
 to refute the corrupt principles and dangerous dodrines of o- 
 
 ther 
 
MARY ASTELL. 455 
 
 ther writer?, flie drew up a judicious performance, which 
 was addreflcd by why of letter to a great lady witli this title, 
 The Chriftian ReligicJi ns Profeffed by a Daughter of the Church 
 of Eng}a?i(f, &c. London^ ^V^Si 8vo. 
 
 I heartily wifli this book was in every hand (efpecially the 
 younger part of the world) being fully perfwaded that it 
 would have a confiderable influence over the generality of 
 mankind, in checking and reprefling the many reigning vices 
 of this age, which are now fo powerfully, and flitally pre- 
 vailing among us. The deformities of vice being here ex- 
 hibited in fuch a terrible form : and the charms of virtue re- 
 prefented in fuch an amiable, and captivating manner, as 
 would implant in the mind fuch pure feeds of religion and 
 virtue, as could hardly ever be eradicated. Here the diligent 
 and attentive reader may find all the duties of a chrillian paint- 
 ed in fuch true and lively colours, as will at once both con- 
 vince his reafon, and forcibly gain his affeiSions : and fhe 
 did not prefcribe religious rules, and duties to others, which 
 fhe did not pra(ftice hcrfelf : her words and acTlions always 
 comporting with, and illuftrating each other. But I will 
 dwell no longer on this performance, than to fubjoin to what 
 I have faid of it, a charader thereof, given me by my above- 
 mentioned worthy friend ; who being an excellent judge of 
 performances of this kind, it will be infinitely preferable 
 to any thing I can fay ; and cannot fail of being highly ac- 
 ceptable to the unprejudiced reader. " I cannot (fays he) but 
 " efleem Mrs. Artell's account of her religion as an excel- 
 " lent treatife ; it is written with that llrength, perfpicuity, 
 " and fmoothnefs, with fuch elegance of didion, fuch refined 
 " judgment, fuch an uncommon fpirit of true chriflianity, 
 " and orthodoxy, and fupported with fuch clear, folid, full, 
 " and convincing arguments, that I have Icarcely ever read a 
 " book with greater delight and fatisfadion. In my opinion, 
 
 " the 
 
456 MEMOIRS OF 
 
 " the learned authorefs hath with great dexterity and fuccefs 
 " retorted Mr. Locke's metaphyfical artillery againft himfelf, 
 " confuted his whimfical Idea of 'Thi?iking matter, and given 
 " him a genteel foil. She has fairly fhewn the imperfeftions 
 *' and erroneous tenets contained in thofe two trad:s. The 
 " Reafonablencfs of Chriftia?2it\\ and The Ladies Religion : 
 " and has convinced me, that the authors had no honeft 
 " defign in writing either of them, fince, notwithftanding 
 " thofe fpecious titles they have given them, inftead of pro- 
 " moting chriflianity, they tend rather to undermine and fub- 
 " vert the true faith, and are derogatory to the honour of our 
 '• Saviour. But in my judgment, fhe has juftly, and hand- 
 *' fomely, difclofed and defeated their falfe and fallacious 
 " reafonings, and defended the caufe of the primitive faith, 
 " with a zeal becoming a true profeflbr of it." 
 
 At the end of tliis book flie has made fome remarks on an 
 article in Dr. Tillotfon's Sermons, which are taken notice of 
 by an eminent divine " in the following manner. Speaking 
 of Bifhop Tillotfon's fermons, he fays, " There is one or two 
 " points of dodlrine particularly that of Hell-Torments, juftly 
 " exceptionable;" and adds in a note " a fecond point I had 
 " in view, concerns the Satisfa^ion, which is modeftly and 
 " judicioufly examined by an ingenious lady, in a very good 
 " book intitled. The Religion of a Church of England Woman^ 
 " p. 339' ^c.'' 
 
 About this time alfo, fhe wrote and publiflied a book en- 
 titled, An Impartial Enquiry into the Caufes of Rebellion, and 
 Civil War in this Kingdom. In an Examination of Dr. 
 Ke7inefs Sermon, "January the 2'^th, 1703-4. And Vindica- 
 tion of the Royal Martyr, London, 1704, 4/0. My utmofl 
 diligence hitherto, could never procure me a fight of this 
 
 >" VJd. Dr. Waterland's Advice to a young Student, &c. 3d Edition, p. 24. 
 
 book } 
 
MARY A ST ELL. 457 
 
 book ; fo that at prefent I can give no account concerning 
 it, more than its title : tho' I do not douht but the fame life 
 and fpirit, and the fame convincing reafons and folidity of 
 judgment appears in it, as in her other trcatifes. 
 
 As much of the former part of her life had been fpent in 
 writing for the propagating and improvement of learning, re- 
 ligion and virtue ; fo the remaining part of it was chiefly 
 employed in the praftife of thofe religious duties, which 
 flie had fo earneflly and pathetically recommended to others ; 
 and in which perhaps no one was ever more fincere and de- 
 vout. I have been told that for feveral years before her 
 death, flie conftantly walked from Chelfey to St. Martin's 
 church every Sunday, never regarding the inclemency or un- 
 feafonablenefs of the weather, purely to hear a celebrated 
 preacher, whom flie much admired for his excellent prad:ical 
 divinity. 
 
 As her notions and fentiments of religion, piety, charity, 
 humility, friendfliip, and all the other graces which adorn the 
 good chriftian, were moft refined, and fublime ; fo flie pof- 
 fefled thofe rare and excellent virtues, in a degree as would 
 have made her admired and diflinguiflied in an age lefs de- 
 generate and profane. And altho' from the very flower of 
 her age, fhe lived and converfed with tlie Beau Mcifde, amidfl 
 all the gaiety, pomp, and pageantry of the great city ; yet 
 flie well knew how to refifl: and fliun thofe influuating Ihareg ; 
 and wifely guarded againfl all thefe temptations and evils ; and 
 in the midft of it, led a holy, pure, and even angelical life. 
 So that what the Reverend Mr. Samuel Willis once faid of 
 Lady Mary Ilaflings, is moft applicable to this truly pious 
 gentlewoman. To know God, and to be like him, was her 
 firfl and great endeavour. She lived always in profpsdl of 
 Heaven, and thither did her devout fpirit ever afpire. This 
 made thofe temptations, which prevail fo fatally upon others, 
 
 prove 
 
458 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 prove only moleftations to her. This world (as it was to 
 Monica " difcourfing of Heaven with her holy Son) was vile 
 and defpicable in her eye, whofe contemplations and longings 
 were diredled to things eternal. She wifely concluded, that 
 a meek and quiet fpirit, a true devotion, and fevere virtue, 
 were more excellent acquifitions, and more lovely ornaments, 
 than any of the gaudy vanities, wherewith vulgar and nar- 
 row fouls are fo unreafonably tranfported. Nor did flie only 
 approve the things that are excellent, but flie pradifed them 
 alfo to fuch a degree, that in her primitive chriftianity was 
 revived, and {he lived as thofe firfl chriftians did, and as we 
 fliould. 
 
 This fevere flridnefs of holy difcipline, was not in the 
 leaft attended, with fournefs or morofenefs of temper ; 
 her mind being generally calm and ferene ; and her 
 deportment and converfation was highly entertaining, and 
 innocently facetious. She would fay. The good Chrijlian only 
 has reafon, and he always ought, to be chearfiil. And that 
 DejeBed looks, and Melancholy Airs were very imfeemly in a 
 Chriftian. But of this, flie has treated at large in her book 
 of The Chrifiian Religion. 
 
 But tho' flie was eafy and affable to others, to herfelf fhe 
 was fomefimes perhaps over fevere. In abftinence few or 
 none ever furpaffed her ; for fhe would live like a Hermit, for 
 a confiderable time together, upon a crufl of bread and wa- 
 ter with a little fmall beer. And at the time of her highefl 
 living, (when flie was at home) fhe very rarely eat any din- 
 ner 'till night } and then it was by the flridlefl rules of tem- 
 perance. She would fay, Abftinence was her beft Phyfick. 
 And would frequently obferve, that thofe who indulged thetn- 
 fehes in Eati?ig and Drinking, could not be fo well difpofcd or 
 
 P See his ConfcfT. Lib. 9. c, 10. 
 
 prepared 
 
M A R Y A S T E L L. 459 
 
 prepared either for Jludy, or the regular and Devout Ser- 
 vice of their Creator. 
 
 She feemed to enjoy an uninterrupted flate of health 'till a 
 few years before her death, when, having one of her brealls 
 cut off, it fo much impaired her conftitution, that Ihe did 
 not long furvive it. This was occafioned by a cancer, which 
 flie had concealed from the world in fuch a manner, tlaat 
 even few of her mofl: intimate acquaintance knew any thing 
 at all of the matter. She dreffed and managed it herfelf, 
 'till Ihe plainly perceived there was an abfolute neceffity for 
 its being cut off: and then, with the mofl intrepid refo- 
 lution and courage, flie went to the Reverend Mr. Johnfon, 
 a gentleman very eminent for his f"kill in furgery (with only 
 one pcrfon to attend her) entreating him to take it off in the 
 moft private manner imaginable : and would hardly allow 
 him to have perfons whom neceffity required to be at the 
 operation. She feemed fo regardlefs of the fufferings or pain 
 {lie was to undergo, that flic refufed to have her hands held, 
 and did not difcovcr the leafl timidity, or impatience, but 
 went thro' the operation without the leafl flruggling or re- 
 fiftance ; or even fb much as giving a groan or a figh : and 
 fliewed the like patience and refignation throughout the whole 
 cure, which that gentleman, to his lafling credit and honour, 
 foon performed. Perhaps this might be the reafon which in- 
 duced her excellent friend the Lady Elizabeth Haflings to 
 make ufe of him upon the fame fad occafion. This great 
 lady's friendfliip to Mrs. Aflell continued inviolable to the 
 lafl date of her life : and well knowing that flie did not a- 
 bound in riclics, her generofity to her was fuch, that flie has 
 given her fourfcore guineas at one time. I mention this the 
 rather, in order to fliew that this great and good lady's un- 
 limited generofity, in fome, and perhaps in many inflances, 
 exceeded the bounds of the Reverend Mr. Thomas Barnard's 
 
 N n n knowlcdg s 
 
460 M E M O I R S O F &c. 
 
 knowledge, tho' undoubtedly he took all the pains he could 
 to inform himfelf of every circumftance which might ferve 
 to adorn that illuftrious charadler. ° 
 
 Soon after this, her health and flrength declined apace, 
 and at length by a gradual decay of nature, being confined 
 to her bed, and finding the time of her difl!blution draw 
 nigh, flie ordered her coffin and fhrowd to be made, and 
 brought to her bed-fide j and there to remain in her view, 
 as a conftant memento to her of her approaching fate, and 
 that her mind might not deviate or ftray one moment from 
 God, it's mofl proper objedl. Her thoughts were now fo en- 
 tirely fixed upon God and eternity, that for fome days before 
 her death, fhe earneflly defired that no company might be 
 permitted to come to her '; refufing at that time to fee, even 
 her old and dear friend the Lady Catherine Jones, purely be- 
 caufe fhe would not be difturbed in the laft moments of her 
 divine contemplations. She departed this life, about the eleventh 
 day of May, in the year 173 i. And was buried at Chelfey the 
 14th day of the fame month. 
 
 " In a book entitled, An Hijiorical cha- at Leeds, 1742. 
 roller relating ta the holy and exemplary Life P The fame thing is related of St. 
 
 of the Right Honourable the Lady Elizabeth Auftin, whofe friends, the' undoubtedly of 
 
 Hafiings, &c. by Thomas Barnard M. A. the fame religious charafter, were not in 
 
 Mafier of the Free'School in Leeds. Printed his laft illnefc permitted to fee him. 
 
 CONSTANTIA 
 
MEMOIRS OF 461 
 
 CONSTANTIA GRIERSON. 
 
 CONSTANTIA GRIERSON was bom in the county of 
 Kilkenny, in Ireland, and was one of the rnoft extra- 
 ordinary women that either this age, or perhaps any other 
 ever produced. She died in the year 1733, at the age of 27, 
 and was allowed, long before, to be an excellent fcholar, not 
 only in Greek and Roman Literature, but in hillory, divinity, 
 philofophy, and mathcmaticks. She gave a proof of lier 
 knowledge in the Latin Tongue, by her dedication of the 
 Dublin edition of Tacitus to the Lord Carteret, and by that 
 of Terence to his fon, to whom flie likewife wrote a Greek 
 epigram. She wrote feveral fine poems in Englifli % on 
 which flae fet fo little value, that rtie negleded to leave copies 
 behind her but of very few. 
 
 What makes her characSter the more remarkable, is, that 
 ilae rofe to this eminence in learning merely by the force of 
 her own genius, and continual application. 
 
 She was not only happy in a fine imagination, a great me- 
 mory, an excellent underflanding, and an exad; judgment, 
 but had all thefe crowned by virtue and piety ; fl^ie was too 
 learned to be vain, too wife to be conceited, too knowing and 
 too clear-fighted to be irreligious. 
 
 If Heaven had fpared her life, and blefled her with health, 
 
 1 The ingenious Mrs. Barber has gene- which may be feen difperfcd up and down 
 roufly obliged her readers with feveral clc- in her printed poems, 
 gant fpccimctis ot" her talent in this way, 
 
 Nana which 
 
462 MEMOIRSOF 
 
 which flie wanted for fome years before her death, there is 
 good reafon to think {he would have made as great a figure in 
 the learned world, as any of her fex are recorded to have done. 
 
 As her learning and abilities raifed her above her own fex, 
 fo they left her no room to envy any ; on the contrary, her 
 delight was to fee others excell : fhe was always ready to ad- 
 vife and dire(5l thofe who applied to her ; and was herfelf wil- 
 ling to be advifed. 
 
 So little did fhe value herfelf upon her uncommon excel- 
 lencies, that it has often recalled to my mind a fine refledlion 
 of a French author. That great Genius's fioidd be fuperiour 
 to their onvfi Abilities. 
 
 I perfwade my felf that this fliort account of fo extraordi- 
 nary a woman, of whom much more might have been faid, 
 will not be difagreeable to my readers ; nor can I omit men- 
 tioning what I think is greatly to the Lord Carteret's honour, 
 that when he was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, he obtained a 
 patent for Mr. Grierfon her hufband, to be the King's 
 Printer, and to difl:inguifli and reward her uncommon merit, 
 had her life inferted in it. 
 
 Thus far Mrs. Barber ; from whofe preface perfixed to her 
 poems I have intirely tranfcribed this account. And being de- 
 firous that a life fo full of very remarkable particulars (as 
 was that of this excellent perfon,) fliould be better known, 
 I procured a friend of mine, and an acquaintance of Mrs. 
 Barber's, to write to her to tranfmit me fome farther account 
 of Mrs. Grierfon, to which that gentlewoman returned a very 
 obliging anfwer in a letter dated at Dublin July, 1747; but 
 did not add any thing to her former account, more than that 
 fhe wrote A?i Abridgment of the Hijlory of England. I like- 
 wife got the fame friend to apply to a learned and eminent 
 dignitary in the church in Ireland ; one who is thoroughly ac- 
 quainted with all the various circumftances of her life, and 
 
 is 
 
CONSTANTIA GRIERSON. 463 
 
 i§ every way qualified for the performance : but altho' I 
 thought I had obtained a promife of an account of her life 
 from that excellent hand, yet, hitherto, I never could have 
 the happinefs to receive it. I can only add, that I have been 
 told, . there are many particular circumflances of her life, 
 which if faithfully related, would do very great honour to 
 the dead, and be a noble example to the living ; particularly, 
 in her behaviour to her hufband, to whom flie was fo af- 
 fediionate, ufeful, and obliging, as to fet a perfed pattern 
 of conjugal love and duty. 
 
 I cannot forbear giving a fpecimen of Mrs. Grierfon's 
 poetry on a double account ; one is to fliew her fkill in that 
 art ; the other my gratitude to Mrs. Barber, to whom I am 
 much obliged for the foregoing account. Mrs. Barber having 
 made a tour hither, and meeting with very great encourage- 
 ment for printing her poems by fubfcription : Mrs. Grierlba 
 exprcffed her fenfe of the gcnerofity of the Englifli, and 
 Mrs. Barber's merit in the following ftrain. 
 
 Such wife reflecflions in thy lays are fhown, 
 As Flaccus' Mufe, in all her pride, might own : 
 So elegant and fo refin'd thy praifc, 
 As greatcft minds, at once, n:sight mend and pleafe : 
 No florid toys, in pompous numbers dreft ; 
 But jufteft thoughts, in pureft flile, expreft : 
 When e'er thy Mufe defigns the heart to move. 
 The melting reader muft with tears approve j 
 Or when, more gay, her fpritely fatire bites, 
 'Tis not to wound, but to inftruft, ihe writes. 
 
 Cou'd * * *j or ■* * *, from the tomb. 
 Which Ihades their aflies till the final doom, 
 
 The 
 
464 M E M O I R S O F 
 
 The dire effedls of vitious writings view, 
 
 How would they mourn to think what might enfue ! 
 
 Blufli at their works, for no one end defign'd, 
 
 But to embeUifh vice, and taint the mind ! 
 
 No more their dear-bought fame would raife their pride -, 
 
 But terrors wait on talents mifapplied. 
 
 Not fo Sapphira: her unfullied flrain 
 Shall never give her foul one confcious pain ; 
 To latcfl times fliall melt the harden'd breaft. 
 And raife her joys, by making others bleft. 
 
 Thefe works which modefty conceal'd in night. 
 Your candor, gen'rous Bn'tons, brings to light j 
 Born, by your arms, for liberty's defence ; 
 Born by your tafte, the arbiters of fenfe : 
 Long may your tafle, and long your Empire ftand. 
 To honour wit, and worth, from every land. 
 
 Oh ! cou'd my confcious Mufe but fully trace 
 The filent virtues which Sapphira grace ; 
 How much her heart, from low defires refin'd ; 
 How much her works, the tranfcript of her mind ; 
 Her tender care, and grief for the diftreft j 
 Her joy unfeign'd, to fee true merit bleft j 
 Her foul fo form'd for every focial care ; 
 A friend fo gen'rous, ardent and fincere ; 
 How wou'd you triumph in your felves to find 
 Your favours fhewn to fo complete a mind ; 
 To find her breaft with every grace infpir'd. 
 Whom firft you only for her lays admir'd. 
 
 N I 
 
 -o 
 
N 
 
 A N 
 
 D 
 
 465 
 
 E X 
 
 OF THE 
 NAMES of PERSONS mentioned in this WORK. 
 
 N. B. The names of the Ladies, whofe memoirs are here given, arc 
 diftinguifhed by Capital letters. 
 
 A. 
 
 ABbot Archbifhop, 274. 
 Adams John, 76. 
 Alexander Magnus, 46. 
 Alderley John, 316. 
 Alfred King, 218. 
 Alleftry Dr. 309. 
 Ames Jofeph, 7. 
 Anderfon, 176. 
 Ariofto, 194. 
 Arthur Prince of Wales. 
 Arundel Mary Countess of, 120. 
 AscHAM Margaret, 153. 
 Afcham Roger, 52, 98, 99, 152, 213, 214. 
 A(h, 329. 
 
 Afhcough Sir William, 62. 
 Askew Anne, 62. 
 AsTELL Marv, 380, 381, 445. 
 Atterbury Bifhop, 156, 364, 452, 453. 
 Atkinfon Dr. William, 16. 
 Aubrey John, 287, 293. 
 Audley George, Earl of Caftlehaven, 271. 
 
 B. 
 
 Babington Anthony, 176. 
 Babington Bilhop, 260. 
 Bacon Sir Francis, 10, 28. 
 Bacon Sir Nichola?, 188, 193. 
 Bacon Anne Lady, 188. 
 Bacon Anthony, 188, 193, 195. 
 Baker Thomas, 10, 13, 20, 21, ill. 
 Baker Sir Richard, 109, 279. 
 
 Bale Bifhop, 5, 62, 64, 72, 77, 140, 213. 
 Barber Mary, 461, 462, 463. 
 Barkley William, 309. 
 Barlow William Biihop of Lincoln, 237. 
 Bancroft Bi(hop, 237. 
 Barnard Thoinas, 459. 
 Barnes Juliana, 5. 
 Baflet James, 52, ijz. 
 Bathurll Dr. 398. 
 Baynard Anne, 349. 
 Baynard Edward, 349. 
 Baynard Ralph, 349. 
 Bazil, i8z. 
 
 Bayle Monfieur, 140, 218, 202. 
 Becket, 338. 
 
 Belenian, alias Otterden, 76. 
 Berkeley Robert, 398, 408. 
 Bell Dr. William, 331. 
 Bellarmine, 309. 
 Berners, Sir James, 5. 
 Berners Richard Lord, 5. 
 Binks, 329. 
 Birch Dr. 363. 
 Bizari Peter, 214. 
 Blake Sir Richard, 398. 
 Bland Elizabeth, 262, 321, 416. 
 Bland Nathaniel, 416. 
 Boethius, 233. 
 
 Bohun Edmund, 208, 215, 219, 23S. 
 Bonner Bilhop, 65. 
 Bovey William, 438. 
 BovEY Catherine; 438. 
 Bowes Sir Martin, 65. 
 Brandon Frances Dutchefs of Suffolk, 98. 
 
 Brandon 
 
466 I N D 
 
 Brandon Charles Duke of Suffolk, 98. 
 
 Bray Sir Edward, 52. 
 
 Briftow James, 302. 
 
 Bridgwater Elizabeth Countess 
 
 OF, 283. 
 Bridgwater John Earl of, 28'3. 
 Brome William, 394, 396. 
 Brown Thomas, 294, 357. 
 Brutus, 291. 
 Buckhurft Lord, 231. 
 Buckridge John, 230. 
 Bullen Anne, 211. 
 • Bullinger, 1 10. 
 Burnet Elizabeth, 398. 
 Burnet Bifhop, 30, 32, 34, 1 10, 1 1 1, 136, 
 
 297, 398, 446. 
 Bury Samuel, 427, 428. 
 Bury Elizabeth, 262, 321, 423. 
 Burleigh Mildred Lady, 180, 202. 
 Burleigh Lord Treafurer, 153, 179, 196. 
 Buckingham George Duke of, 277. 
 
 C. 
 
 Camden William, 140, 176, 208, 213, 
 
 224, 233. 
 Caputius Euftachius, 33. 
 Cardan Jerom, loi. 
 Carew Richard, 203. 
 Carr George, 272. 
 Catherine Queen, 28. 
 Carteret Lord, 461, 462. 
 Caulton Thomas, 329. 
 Cauffm Nicholas, 3 1 , 33. 
 Cavendilh Sir William, 248. 
 Cavendilh Sir Charles, 300. 
 Caftiglioni John Baptill, 214. 
 Caftclnau Michael de, 216, 2ig. 
 Caxton William, 7. 
 Cecill Robert, 183, 251. 
 Chark William, 205, 208. 
 Charles I. King, 275, 375. 
 Charlett Dr. Arthur, 452. 
 Champernon Lady, 212. 
 Chaloner Sir Thomas, 99. 
 Chauncey Sir Henry, 7, 188, 283, 370. 
 Cheke Sir John, ai3. 
 
 X. 
 
 Chriftopherfon Bifhop, 52, 60, 152. 
 
 Chryfoftome, 182, 351. 
 
 Chidley Catherine, 281. 
 
 Chudleigh Mary Lady, 409. 
 
 Clarke, 444. 
 
 Clark Stephen, 52, 152. 
 
 Clement Margaret, 148, 184. 
 
 Clement Dr. John, 41, 148, 149, 150, 151. 
 
 Cole Dr. 52, 152. 
 
 Collier Jeremy, 103, no, 116, 349, 356. 
 
 Collins, 259, 283. 
 
 Congreve William, 366. 
 
 Conier, 255. 
 
 Connock Richard, 133. 
 
 Cope Allan, aZ/af Harpsfield, 63. 
 
 Cooke Sir Anthony, 181, 188. 
 
 Corbet Bifhop, 257. 
 
 Coventry Lord Keeper, 316, 325, 326. 
 
 Covil Dr. 329. 
 
 Cofte, 380, 387. 
 
 Cottrell Sir Charles, 288, 289, 294. 
 
 Cowley Abraham, 295. 
 
 Cranmer Archbifhop, 1 36. 
 
 Creake, 431. 
 
 Crefly Serenius, 2, 3, 4. 
 
 Crompton, 255. 
 
 Crul Dr. 305, 
 
 Cuffe Henry, 230. 
 
 Cudworth Dr. Ralph, 379, 388. 
 
 Cutts Henry, 423. 
 
 Cutts Elizabeth, 423. 
 
 Culpeper Sir Thomas, iig, 365. 
 
 Cyril, 182. 
 
 D, 
 
 Dancey Elizabeth, 146. 
 Dancey Sir John, 146. 
 Dare Chriftopher, 64. 
 Davies Lady Eleanor, 271. 
 Davies Sir John, 271, 274. 
 Davies, 267. 
 Dautrey William, 52. 
 D'Avenant Dr. 450, 451, 454. 
 David King of Scots, 313. 
 Daniel Samuel, 308, 312. 
 Dart, 240. 
 
 Dee 
 
I 
 
 N 
 
 D 
 
 E X. 
 
 Dee Dr. John, 177, 224, 225. 
 
 Denhnm Sir John, 290. 
 
 Deniibt Nicholas, 138. 
 
 Denny Lady, 70. 
 
 Diggs Sir Dudley, 234. 
 
 Dodwell Henry, 452. 
 
 Dolben Archbilhop, 329. 
 
 Douglafs Archibald, 271, 275. 
 
 Doula Janus, 243. 
 
 Donne Dr. John, 308. 
 
 Drake Francis, 318. 
 
 Drue, 41. 
 
 Drummond Jane, 370. 
 
 Dr)'denJohn,297,298,337,338,339,343. 
 
 Dudley John, Earl of Warwick, 141. 
 
 Dudley Robert Earl of Leicefter, 1 58, 259, 
 
 Dudley Guilford Lord, 102, 114. 
 
 Dugdale Sir William, 208, 263, 270, 349. 
 
 Dungannon Vifcountefs of, 289. 
 
 Du Moulin Dr. Peter, 279. 
 
 467 
 
 Ferdinand of Aragon, 28. 
 Feckenhani John, 104, 105. 
 FellEi(]iop, 31S, 319, 325, 326, 327, 
 
 ^.„ 329.33'. 335.398- 
 
 Filher Bilhop, 9, 10, 13, 17, 18. 
 
 Fiflier Robert, 416. 
 
 Fitz- Williams, Sir William, 182. 
 
 Forbes Dr. 234. 
 
 Fortefcue Sir John, 219. 
 
 Fowler John, 287. 
 
 Fox John, 64, 71, 99. 
 
 Fox Samuel, 145. 
 
 Fraunce Abraham, 260. 
 
 Freak Sir Thomas, 365. 
 
 Frewen Archbilhop, 319, 320. 
 
 Friend Dr. John, 50. 
 
 Fueflinas, Conradus, 110. 
 
 Fuller Dr. Thomas, 12, 16, 18, 19, 22, 
 
 31, 62, 116, 161, 202, 234. 
 Fulman William, g, 140, 305, 318. 
 Fulwood Dr. 425. 
 
 Edward VI. King, 101, iSi, 214, 216. 
 
 Edwards, 28 1, 
 
 Elizabeth Queen, 158, 159, 160, 161, 
 
 162, 21 1. 
 Elmer Bilhop, 98. 
 Elftob Elizabeth, 249. 
 Englcby David, 1 45 . 
 Englcby Sir William, 14;. 
 Erafnius, 17, 22, 24, 32, 40, 51, 54. 
 Eflcx Robert Earl of, 268. 
 Evelyn John, 244, 248, 452. 
 Eufebius, 60, 152. 
 Euftochium, 261. 
 Eyre, 329, 330. 
 Eyre Anthony, 330. 
 
 Fane Lady Elizaeeth, 119 
 Farmer, 195. 
 Farnaby, 244. 
 Farnefe Cardinal, 250. 
 Fawn John, 19. 
 
 O 
 
 Gage Henry, 115. 
 
 Gardiner Bilhop, 126. 
 
 Gafcoyn Abbot of Lambfprlng, i. 
 
 Gazius, 267. 
 
 Gerfon Dr. John, 16. 
 
 Gethin Grace Lady, 363. 
 
 Gethin Sir Richard, 363, 365,434. 
 
 Gethin, 267. 
 
 Gildon Charles, 431. 
 
 Godsvyn Francis, Bifhop of LandafF, 1 26. 
 
 Godwyn Tho. Bp of Bath and Wells, 222. 
 
 Goncll \A"illinm, 41 . 
 
 Gorges Sir Ferdinando, 265. 
 
 Grafton Richard, 234. 
 
 Gray Lady Jane, 98, 215, 321. 
 
 Gray Lady Catherine, in. 
 
 Gray Sir Thomas, 145, 
 
 Gray John Lord, 208. 
 
 Greenhill, 281, 2S2. 
 
 Grew Dr. Nehemiah, 416. 
 
 Grierson Constantia, 461. 
 
 Grindal William, 212, 213. 
 
 Gruter Janus, 144. 
 
 Gruter 
 
468 
 
 I 
 
 N D 
 
 Gruter Gualtherus, 144. 
 Gunning Bifhop, 327. 
 
 H. 
 
 Haddon Dr. 142, 209, 219. 
 
 Hammond Henry, 317, 318, 327, 328. 
 
 Hamilton Elizabeth, 435. 
 
 Harbert Lady, 81, 83. 
 
 Harcourt Philip, 267. 
 
 Harding Dr. 1 10. 
 
 Harington Sir John, 194, 200, 202, 2i8. 
 
 Hall Jofeph Bifhop, 268, 270. 
 
 Halket Anne Lady, 370. 
 
 Halket Sir James, 372. 
 
 Haftings Lady Elizabeth, 459. 
 
 Haftings Lady Mary, 457. 
 
 Hart Richard, 41. 
 
 Harvey Thomas, 253. 
 
 Hearne Thomas, 5, 60, 91, 212, 235, 
 
 267, 270. 
 Hemmingford Walter, 5. 
 Henry, 425. 
 
 Henrietta Maria Queen, 275, 300. 
 Henchman Bifhop, 327, 331. 
 Henry VIII. King, 28, 33, 34, 35, 55, 
 
 58, 8i, 82, 83,84,90,95, 180, 181. 
 HepbournJohn,EarlofBoth\vell, 159, 176. 
 Herberai Nicholas, 139. 
 Herbert Anne Lady, 198, 199. 
 Heron Giles, 147. 
 Heron Cecilia, 147. 
 Hertford Lady, 70. 
 
 Heynes Samuel, 93, 95, 133, 176, 234. 
 Heylin Dr.Peter, 29, 33, 35, 1 34, 277, 279. 
 Heywood Thomas, 227. 
 Hickes Dr. George, 321, 325, 390, 391, 
 
 392,394, 396,441,452. 
 Hobby Sir Thomas, 194, 197, 209. 
 Hobby Sir Philip, 195. 
 Hobby Thomas PofthumuSj 195. 
 HoPTON Susanna, 389. 
 Hopton Richard, 389. 
 Hopton Sir Edward, 389. 
 Holinthed Ralph, 5, 33, 109 223, 234. 
 Holbein Hans, 53. 
 Howard Lady MarYj 124. 
 Howel James, 296. 
 
 E X. 
 
 Houfe William, 1 34. 
 Humphrey Dr. Lawrence, 222. 
 Huntingdon Feidinando Earl of, 271. 
 Huntingdon Lucy Countefs of, 271 , 
 Hylton Walter, 1 7. 
 
 J- 
 
 Jane Countess ofWestmoreland, 145, 
 
 Jacob Giles, 263, 287, 301, 419. 
 
 Jaline Paulus de, 233. 
 
 JebbDr. 176. 
 
 Jewel Bifliop of Sarum, 160, 219. 
 
 Joanna Archdutchefs of Aullria, 28. 
 
 Johnflon John, 269. 
 
 Johnflon Rev. Mr. 459. 
 
 Jones, 437. 
 
 Jones Lady Catherine, 460. 
 
 Ifocrates, 221. 
 
 Juliana Anchoret of Norwich, i, 
 
 Juncker, 133. 
 
 K. 
 
 Kcllo Samuel, 267, 270. 
 Kello Bartholomew, 270, 
 Kempe Margery, 8. 
 Kempe John, 8. 
 Kennal Dr. 222. 
 Kennet Bifhop, 456. 
 
 KiLLlGREW KaTHERINE, 202, 
 
 Killigrew Henry, 202, 203. 
 KiLLiGREW Anne, 337. 
 Killigrew Dr. Henry, 337. 
 Kingfmill, 223. 
 Kingfmill Sir William, 433. 
 Kirk, 276. 
 
 KnatchbuU Sir Norton, 326. 
 Knevet Sir Anthony, 71. 
 Knevet Sir Henry, 263. 
 Knight Dr. Samuel, 57. 
 Knowles Sir Francis, 161. 
 
 L. 
 
 Lambe Dr. 278. 
 Lane Lady, 81, 83. 
 Langbain, 294, 301, 303. 
 
 Lafcel* 
 
N 
 
 D 
 
 E X. 
 
 469 
 
 Lafcels John, 73, 76, 
 Latymer Bifhop, 66. 
 Laurence, 182, 223. 
 Laud Archbifliop, 277. 
 Lawrence Adams, 182, zzj. 
 Lee Richard, 409, 
 Lee Sir Henry, 297. 
 Lecge Elirabeth, 361. 
 
 Edward, 361. 
 
 ' William, 361, 362. 
 — — — John, 362. 
 
 Margaret, 362. 
 
 Anne, 362. 
 
 Leland John, 48, 49, 140, 148. 
 
 Le Neve Sir William, 271. 
 
 Leon John, 245. 
 
 Lewis John, 7. 
 
 Lewis John, 51, 52, 60. 
 
 Lincoln Elizabeth Countess of, 263. 
 
 Lincoln Thomas Earl of, 263. 
 
 Lincoln Bridget Countcfs of, 267. 
 
 Lintott, 410. 
 
 Livy Titus, 93. 
 
 Locke John, 379, 380, 381, 386, 387, 456. 
 
 Loud John, 75. 
 
 Lloyd Bifhop, 401. 
 
 Lloyd Griflith, 427. 
 
 Lloyd, 182, 208. 
 
 LucAR Elizabeth, 36. 
 
 Lucar Emanuel, 36. 
 
 Lucas Lord, 300. 
 
 Lucas Sir Charles, 229. 
 
 Lucas Dr. Richard, 331. 
 
 LuMLEv Joanna Lady, 121. 
 
 Lumley John Lord, 121 . 
 
 Lynacrc Dr. Thomas, 125. 
 
 Lyte, 267. 
 
 Lyttelton Dr. Dean of Exeter, 329. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mace, 272. 
 
 Mallet, 236. 
 
 M.illetDr. Francis, 91, 129, 130. 
 
 Malbranchc, 381. 
 
 Marbcck Roger, 222. 
 
 Markham, 254, 255. 
 
 O 2 
 
 Margaret Countefs of Salifbury, 125. 
 
 Martiningo, 189. 
 
 Mary L Q^9g, 125, 216, 217. 
 
 Mary Q^of Scotland, 154. 
 
 Mary of Lorrain, Q^ of Scotland, 154. 
 
 Masham Damaris Lady, 379. 
 
 Mafham Sir Francis, 379, 388. 
 
 Malhain Francis Cudworth, 370. 
 
 Maflbn Robert, 205, 207. 
 
 May Nicholas, 244. 
 
 Melvin Andrew, 20;, 207, 252, 269. 
 
 Melvyn Robert, 160, 163, 167, 16S. 
 
 Mervin Sir James, 271 . 
 
 Middlcton Dr. Conyers, 6, 7. 
 
 Molefworth Lord, 41 8. 
 
 Monk, 418. 
 
 Monk George, 418. 
 
 Monmouth Duke of, 290. 
 
 More John, 254. 
 
 More George, 416. 
 
 More Thomas, 58, 148, 152. 
 
 More SirThomas, 14, 38, 41, 42, 43. 44, 
 
 45,46,47,48,50, 55. 
 Moieri, 22.,'. 
 Moreton Earl of, i $9. 
 Morley Bidiop, 326, 327, 328. 
 Morncy Philip, 262. 
 Morwen John, 53, 152. 
 Moufett Dr. 263. 
 Moyfcr, 329. 
 Mulcaftcr Richard, 226. 
 Murrey Earl of, 1 59. 
 Murrey Robert, 370. 
 Myldmaye Sir Walter, 1 76. 
 
 N. 
 
 Navarre Margaret Queen of, 21 }. 
 Nevil John Lord Latymer, 79. 
 Ncvil Charles Earl of Weftmorcland, 145. 
 Newcastle Margaret Dutchess of, 
 
 299. 
 Newcaftle William Marquis of, 2S4, 300, 
 
 302, 306. 
 Newcourt Richard, 193. 
 Nicolas, 41, 46. 
 Nix Bifhop, 23. 
 
 Nokc, 
 
N 
 
 470 I 
 
 Noke, 194. 
 
 Norfolk Thomas Duke of, 145. 
 
 Norris John, 308, 381, 413, 446, 447, 
 
 452. 
 North Dudleya, 414. 
 North Charles Lord, 414. 
 Northampton If.ibel Countefs of, 31 j. 
 Northumberland John Duke of, 259. 
 Norton Frances Lady, 434. 
 Norton Ambrofe, 437. 
 Norton Sir George, 363, 365, 434. 
 
 O. 
 
 Ochine Bernardine, 1 89. 
 
 Oldfield, 317, 318. 
 
 Orleance Father de, 227, 229, 236. 
 
 Orrery Earl of, 295. 
 
 Owen John, 235. 
 
 Owen Sir William, 365. 
 
 Oxcnbridge Dr. Daniel, 287. 
 
 Oxford John Earl of, 145. 
 
 Pack Major, 294. 
 
 pAKiNGTON Dorothy Lady, 316. 
 
 Pakington Sir John, 328, 336. 
 
 Pakington Sir Thomas, 328. 
 
 Pamelian, 59. 
 
 Parr Queen Katherine, 30, 79, 127. 
 
 Parr Sir Thomas, 79. 
 
 Parry Bifhop, 237. 
 
 Parry Blanch, 177. 
 
 Parry Henry, 178. 
 
 Parker Archbifliop, 190. 
 
 Parkhurft Bifhop, 96. 
 
 Parma Dutchefs of, 144. 
 
 Parfons Robert, 63, 64- 
 
 Paul Sir George, 238. 
 
 Paula Lady, 261. 
 
 Pearfon Bifliop, 327. 
 
 P«ck Francis, 223 
 
 Pembroke Mary Countess of, 259. 
 
 Pembroke Henry Earl of, 259. 
 
 Pembroke Anne Countess of, 307. 
 
 Pembroke Philip Earl of, 309. 
 
 D 
 
 E 
 
 X. 
 
 Penthefilea Queen, 281. 
 
 Philip King of Spain, 216, 2:7. 
 
 Philips Katherine, 2S7, 344. 
 
 Philips James, 289. 
 
 Phillips John, 202, 244, 248, 271. 
 
 Pigneral Abbot, 162. 
 
 Pits John, 140. 
 
 Plato, 40, 224. 
 
 Plutarch, 233, 308. 
 
 Pope Alexander, 432. 
 
 Pope Mar)', 444. 
 
 Poole Cardinal, 43. 
 
 Porcia, 291. 
 
 Powel Dr. David, 177. 
 
 Prude John, 349, 355. 
 
 Quintilian, 59. 
 
 R. 
 
 Rainbow Bifliop, 307, 313. 
 
 Ranelagh Lady, 321. 
 
 Raftall Winefred, 151. 
 
 Rawley Dr. 139. 
 
 Rawlinfon Robert, 349. 
 
 Rich, 70, 72. 
 
 Richardfon Thomas, 305. 
 
 Riches John, 438, 443. 
 
 Richmond and Derby Margaret 
 
 Countess of, g. 
 Richmond Edmund Earl of, 10, 11. 
 Ronfard, 138, 156. 
 Roper Margaret, 38. 
 Roper Mary, 152. 
 Roper William, 51, 60, 6 1 , 
 Roper Thomas, 52. 
 Roper John, 18. 
 Rowe Thomas, 295. 
 Rowe Nicholas, 431, 
 Rowlet Sir Ralph, 208, 209, 210. 
 Rowlet Margaret, 209, 210. 
 Rufh Fryer, 273. 
 
 Russel Elizabeth Lady, 194, 204. 
 Ruffcl John Lord, 197. 
 Ruflel Francis Earl of Bedford, 197. 
 
 Ruffd 
 
I 
 
 RuiTel Mary Countcfs 
 Rymer Thomas, 254. 
 
 N D 
 
 of Cumberland, 
 
 Sadler John, 346. 
 
 Salmon, 389. 
 
 Salmon, 287. 
 
 Saluft, 233. 
 
 Sanford Francis, 16. 
 
 Sappho, 29 J. 
 
 Sarracennia Ludovifia, 26a. 
 
 Savil Sir Henry, 219, 224. 
 
 Savil Thomas, 230. 
 
 Saunders Dr. Erafmus, 3S9. 
 
 Schurman Anna Maria, 262, 321, 359. 
 
 Serrarius, 417. 
 
 Seymour Lady Anne, 138,141. 
 
 Seymour Lady Margaret, 138, 141. 
 
 Seymour Ladv Jane, 138, 141,142, 
 
 «43- 
 
 Seymour Lady Arabella, 248. 
 
 Seymour Edward Duke of Somerfet, 141. 
 
 Seymour William, 252, 254, 256, 257. 
 
 Seymour Thomas, 30, 95. 
 
 Shaxton Nicholas, 70, 76. 
 
 Shore Jane, 14. 
 
 Simon Father, 261. 
 
 Simmonds Edward, 176. 
 
 Sixtus Quintus, 227. 
 
 Skelton John, 23, 24, 25. 
 
 Smalridge Bifhop, 452. 
 
 Smith Sir Thomas, 88. 
 
 Smith Dr. Thomas, 91. 
 
 Snape Dr. 329. 
 
 Socrates, 220. 
 
 Somerfet Anne Dutchefs of, 140, 142. 
 
 Sophia Princefs, 414. 
 
 Speed John, 29, 234, 236. 
 
 Spinckes Nathaniel, 392, 393, 395. 
 
 Sprint, 410. 
 
 Stafford Sir Henry, 1 1 . 
 
 Stamford Dr. 329. 
 
 Standilh Bilhop, 6;. 
 
 Stanhope Sir Edward, 140. 
 
 Stanley Thomas, Earl of Derby, 1 1 . 
 
 EX. 47 r 
 
 Stapleton Dr. Thomas, 146. 
 
 Steele Sir Richard, 440. 
 
 Sterne Arthbifhop, 318, 319. 
 
 Stevcnfon, 52. 
 
 Stillingllcct Bidiop, 400. 
 
 Stowe John, 20, 236. 
 
 Stiype John, 32,34,85,96, 190, 19S, 
 
 208, 212. 
 Stradling Sir Edward, 1 77. 
 Stuart Charles Earl of Lenox, 248. 
 Stuart Henry Lord Darnlcy, 15S. 
 Stuart Matthew Earl of Lenox, 158. 
 Sturmius John, 214. 
 Surrey Henry Earl of, 145. 
 Sydney Sir Henry, 259. 
 Sydney Sir Philip, 259, 260, 263. 
 
 T. 
 
 Talbot BilTiop, 401. 
 
 Tanner Biihop, 16, 76, 94, 146, 234. 
 
 Taylor Eilhop, 291. 
 
 Thanet Mary Countefs of, 31 j. 
 
 Thomas Bifhop, 325, 326, 327. 
 
 Thomas Dr. William, 260. 
 
 Thomas Elizabeth, 41 3. 
 
 Thompfon James, 52. 
 
 Thoreftiy Ralph, 402, 416, 417. 
 
 Thornton William, 329. 
 
 Throgmorton Sir Lionel, 77. 
 
 Throgmorton Sir Nicholas, 159. 
 
 Thuanus, 249. 
 
 Tillotlbn Archbifliop, 456. 
 
 TiSHEM Catherine, 144. 
 
 Trenchard A. 435. 
 
 TuUia, 39. 
 
 Tunllall Dr. 79. 
 
 Turberville Father, 390, 397, 
 
 Tyrwhyt Elizabeth, 95, 96. 
 
 Valois Mary de Q^ of Navarre, 138. 
 Valois Mary de Dutchefs of Berri, 138. 
 Van Helmont Lord, 416. 
 Udall Nicholas, 127. 
 Venator Balthazer, 1 44. 
 
472 I N 
 
 Vere Edward Earl of Oxford, 183. 
 Vittoria, 194. 
 
 Vives Ludovicus, 29, 125, 126. 
 Unton Sir Edward, 1 41 . 
 Voffius John Gerard, 30. 
 Voyfey Birtiop, 41, 126. 
 Upton James, 153. 
 Upton Nicholas, 7. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wadloe, 77. 
 Waldgrave Edward, 93. 
 Walker Elizabeth, 346. 
 Walker Anthony, 346. 
 Walker Dr. John, 452. 
 Waller Edmund, 298. 
 Walfh Peter, 361. 
 Walter William, 185. 
 Warham Archbilhop, 29. 
 Watfon Bifhop, 237. 
 Watts Dr. 427, 429. 
 Waterland Dr. Daniel, 456. 
 Weever John, 8, 20, 23. 
 Wendy Dr. 80. 
 Weft James, 16, 184, 195, 201. 
 
 D 
 
 Wellbury Maurice, 19. 
 Weston Elizabeth Jane, 243; 
 Wefton Francis, 245. 
 Wharton Lady Anne, 99. 
 Wharton Anne, 297. 
 Wharton Duke of, 295, 413. 
 Wharton Thomas, 297. 
 Whitgift Archbilhop, 237. 
 White Dr. Thomas, 222. 
 Willis Browne, 7. 
 Willis Samuel, 457. 
 
 WiNCHELSEA AnNE CoUNTESS OF, 
 
 Winchelfea Earl of, 43 1 . 
 Winwood Ralph, 248, 249, 254. 
 Withypol Paul, 36. 
 Wogan, 288. 
 a Wood Anthony, 53, 60, 
 260, 287, 337, 339. 
 Woodhead Abraham, 317. 
 Woolfey Cardinal, 3 1 . 
 Wotton Dr. William, 1 80. 
 Wrifley Lord Chancellor, 65, 71, 72, 76. 
 
 X. 
 
 Xenophon, 220, 221. 
 
 413- 
 
 iji, 223,227, 
 
■GORRECTIONS and ADDITIONS. 
 
 . Page 7. line 2. add, Mr. Aubrey in his Effay to-vjards the Defeription of the Nortlt 
 Divijioi of Wiltjhire, (MS. in Alliniole's Study N° 14.) obfervcs, that Juliar.a Bcrners, 
 Abbefs of SopewcU in the time of Henry VI. wrote the Art of fJaiviing in Englith 
 verfs: and fays that it is in Wilton library, p. 24. 1. 12. for comitiffima?, r. comitiflbe. 
 p. 53. 1. 3. for daughteor, r. daughter, p. 54. 1. 18. for mod, read much. p. 144. I. 
 31. for Grutur, r. Grutcr. The following letter from Lady Burghley, to Sir W; 
 Fitz-Williams, Lord Deputy of Ireland, Ot\. 26. 1573. was very obligingly tran- 
 fcribed from the original, and communicated to me by Mr. Carte, and ihould have 
 been added by way of note to p. 183, had it come foon enough to my hands, 
 
 " My good lord and coufin, I am hartily fory for the great and continual injuris 
 " you have, and which I well undcrllood, before the receipt of my ladis and your 
 " letters. And I widi I were as able to redrefs them, as I have been oftentimes 
 " both greved with vou and for you. My lord, I know, both hathe and dothe 
 " contynew your defender here (whatfoever he writeth to you there) to the uttermoft of 
 " his power : and only he alone, I mull necdes fay, is driven to anfwcr in your bchalfe. 
 " I fpeake not this to crave thanks; but fo ther were no caufe for him to anfwcr, and 
 " that you were not hinderd, I could be content he Ihould lak all the thanks that 
 " fuch comberfome matters bring him. God deale but with his, as I know he 
 " dealeth faythfully to liis prince and country, and truly and honcilly with all men: 
 " and as I would be moll glad, )ou were well delivered from that burdcnous far\'is, 
 " fo do I wifh it may be with fuch credit, as I think you have dcfarved, tho' I be 
 " partial. And therfor I think it bell this llorme were over blowen, and after fome 
 " farvis done, a better time may be found to fckc your departure. For otherwife, be- 
 " fides farder difcredit, you ihall hardly get rccompencc for your former farvis, 
 " which would greve me moll of all. tor when, upon your milliking, others arr 
 " fought to be placed; it feemcth that the preferring of an other is the difgrac- 
 " ing of you. So that though I know not what is indcde, I gefs that time Telle, 
 " to your advantage. And therfor patience is to be ufed, and all cccafions, that may 
 " be, avoyded to increafe mallis, when you cannot apo}nt your judges in your caufc, 
 " to allow what you think indifferent, but as (hall pleafe themfclves. It is not )ou 
 *' that fuffer alone; this greffe is common to all thofe that deall in princes afi'avres; 
 " which I with my frendes had Icfs caufe to know by experience. And therfor, good 
 " cofyn, ufe your difcretion in moderating your grcfc, and bear v.ith the tynic. 
 " And fo praying you to deliver my harty commendations and thanks to my lady 
 " your wiffe, I wilhe to you and all yours as to my fclf. From the court this 
 " Monday the xxvi of Odober. 
 
 " Kepc clofe your frends letters ; for craft and mallis never raygned more. Som« 
 " about you perhaps may be corrupted to Ihew them ; tho' for my part I care not j 
 " not that I know any thing before God : but becaufe I know the lyke pradlifs ufg,d 
 " with fomc here. Confcia mem re8i fam^ mendacia ridct. 
 
 " Your afl'ured loving cofm, 
 
 •'MILDRED BURGHLE Y." 
 
 Pas. 
 
CORRECTIONS and ADDITIONS. 
 
 Pag. i8g. 1. 13. for univerfities, r. univerfitie. p. 211. 1. g. after fuppofed, r. both. 
 
 r. 218. 1. 9. for England, r. Englifti. 1. 11. for preplexed, r. perplexed, p. 231. 
 2. for fpknded, r. fplcndid. p. 234. 1. 23. add, the catalogue of MSS. men- 
 tions only two letters of Queen Elizabeth's, in Univerfit)' college archives ; but in 
 turning over the manufcript, p. 121. I met with a third, from Queen Elizabeth to 
 Sir Amias Paulett, when he kept the Queen of Scots ; an e.\aft tranfcript of which is 
 here added. 
 
 " Amias, my moft faithful! and carfuU fervant, God rev^ard thee treble fould for 
 " thy troublefome charge, foe well difcharged. If thou knoweft (my Amias) how 
 *' kindly, befides dutifullie, my grateful harte accepts your double laboures, and 
 " faithfull accons, your wife orders, and fafe regards performed in foe daungerous 
 " and crafty a chardge, yt would eafe your travelle, and rejoyce your harte, in that 
 " I cannot ballaunce ye in any waight of my judgment the valew I priefe you at, 
 ^' and fuppofe noe treafure can countervayle fuch a faith : and fhall condemne my felfe 
 " of that wherin I never yett offended, yf I reward not fuch deferts. Let me lacke 
 " when I moft neede yf I acknowledg not fuch a meritte with a reward A'o« omnibus da- 
 " turn. But let your wicked murthereife know how with harty forrowe her vile deferts 
 " compell thefe orders , and bid her from mec aJke God forgivenes for her treacherous 
 " dealing againft my lyfe, foe many yeares, to the untollerable perrill of her owne ; 
 " and yet, not content with fo many forgivenefles, muft falle againe foe horribly farr 
 " paffing woman's thought, much lefle a princefle. In ftead of excufmg wherof; 
 " not one man can ferve; that being fee manifeft by the adlors of my guiltles 
 " death, let repentance take place, and let not the feind foe poflefTe her, that her 
 " better part be loft ; which I pray with hands lift up to him that may both fave and 
 " fpill ; with my moft loving adieu, I pray for thy loving lyfe, 
 
 " Your affured and loving foveraigne, as therunto by good deferts induced. 
 
 " To my faithfull Amias. " ELIZA: Regina." 
 
 Pag. 264. 1. 10. for has, read haft. p. 359. for fruiterque, read fruiturque. p. 379. 
 
 ]. 12. read, died at his own houfe . p. 411. for CUDLEIGH, in the running 
 
 Titk. read CHUDLEIGH.