418*7 THE NEW ENGLAND ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY QUARTERLY. Vol i. April, 1896. No. 3. Subscription Per Annum, $1.00; Single Copy, 25 Cents. Entered at the Boston, Mass. Poet-Office as second-class mail matter, Jan. 14th, '96 IMPORTANT CORRESPONDENCE WITH CANON WILBBRFOROB VIVISECTION. WITH PREFACE BY ELLIOTT PRESTON, fl. D., The Vice-President {also Director) of "The New England Anti- Vivisection Society," U.S.A. PUBLISHED BY THE NEW ENGLAND ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY, 179A Tkemont Street, Knickerbocker Building, Room 55, BOSTON, MASS. THE NEW ENGLAND ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY QUARTERLY. Vol i. April, 1896. No. 3. Subscription Per Annum, $1.00 ; Single Copy, 25 Cents. Entered at the Boston, Mass. Post-Office as second-class mail matter, Jan. 14th, '98. IMPORTANT CORRESPONDENCE WITH CANON WILBBRPORCB ON VIVISECTION. WITH PREFACE BY ELLIOTT PRESTON, H. D., The Vice-President {also Director) of "The New England Anti- Vivisection Society" U. S. A. PUBLISHED BY THE NEW ENGLAND ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY, 179A Tremont Street, Knickerbocker Building, Room 55, BOSTON, MASS. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from Duke University Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/importantcorrespOOwilb THE NEW ENGLAND ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY QUARTERLY. Vol. i. April, li No. 3. \nfau irg (Bllxott "BxtBtnn. ECENTLY, 1 have been honored by an invitation from (jVsjJ ) rny life-long friend and most able co-laborer in the Anti-Vivisection cause, President Philip G. Peabody, • of "The New England Anti- Vivisection Society," to contribute a brief introduction to the masterly rejoinder of Canon Wilberforce, addressed to Henry Sewill (vivisector), and which forms the body of this, the current issue of our Quarterly. And now the very first thought which occurs to me is this, — the woftder of it, that such impassioned denunciations of the arch-iniquity of all time, Vivisection, should ever need to be written ! Dr. Matthew Woods, one of the editors of "The Journal of Zoophily," strikes at the root of the whole question when he avers that, in his opin- ion, the very existence, even, of a future civilized society hangs, today, trembling in the balance, to be irrevocably decided by the complete tri- umph or total annihilation of Vivisection, that most barbarously cruel abuse of Innocence by Guilt— of eternal Right by transitory Might — which the most brilliant imagination of the most gifted mind can conjure from the abyss of blackest Hell ! In perusing the following able presentation of the horrors of this wholly diabolical practice, as set forth by the great Churchman, I beg you to remember that no one possibly can loathe the soulless wretches who perpetrate these CRIMES to the full extent which their guilt would justify! And I beg you to also remember what one of the foremost among them — an arch-fiend among lesser fiends — has admitted con- 4 PREFACE. cerning the degree of torture they frequently inflict: this "inhuman devil" (as Canon Wilberforce has most aptly denominated his ilk), has informed his shuddering auditors that the agony vivisectors inflict is INFINITE! Think of that! — Ponder, for one instant, on all it means! "Infinite!" With that terrible word you transcend all mortal bounds and front the awful majesty of God, Himself! Watch the vivisector while he stretches upon the torture-trough man's truest friend ! Cowardly fiend ! he dare not seize his poor victim until the chloroform-sponge has de- prived him of Nature's weapons of defense, which even the faithful dog will employ against a poltroon foe. Once securely bound, the anaesthesia is allowed to pass off and the hideous deed of darkness is begun. This, then (stupefaction, simply while being secured), is all the relief the wretched animal gets from the anaesthesia so speciously claimed to have been induced at the outset of nearly every experiment. With a truly infernal cunning, this human monster now proceeds to dissect out some one of the great nerve-trunks, and then (O horror in- conceivable !) PASSES, FOR HOURS TOGETHER, A CONTINUOUS ELECTRIC CUR- RENT OVER THAT GREAT, ISOLATED NERVE, AS OVER A TELEGRAPH WIRE ! ! It is then that the winged agony mounts up, up, and still upward, until (in figurattve speech) it may be said to reach our flaming sun, — nor does it find its "infinite" limit there! Upward and onward, still speeds that supernal pang! What ! would you fetter it, drag it down, limit the illimitable P Would you dwarf it to the pettiness of mere dimension, scale and rule? Nay, not so — for it is INFINITE! And, behold! it gains the awesome altitude, at length, which marks the nearest star — a blazing sphere of light ! To us it seems a tiny point of twinkling light ; to thee — speeding pang of agony unmeasured ! — a blinding sun, of grand and matchless glory ! Mayhap, within that splendid sphere of God's high handiwork, majestic spirits dwell — great arch-angels, who, hearing that dread wail ascend from earth, may deem it some lost soul and bid it stay, unwitting of the doom that, in all space, that pain- winged INFINITE, from earth, may know no pause ! This is no fancy, no false imagining; the only fault is this — my colors are too dim! To truly paint THE INFINITE is impossible. Only remember this : within that gloomy "Hell of the Innocents," the vivi- sector's laboratory, is, daily and hourly, perpetrated a crime against ETERNAL JUSTICE — an awesome enormity — a foul, hideous thing, beside which all other earthly crimes show, by comparison, "as white as wool !" For ail other crimes bear some errant likeness to the hu- man — Vivisection, alone, is "infinite!" We trace, upon its horrent, glowering front, no faint or wavering semblance to our. at best, too poor humanity! Among measurables, it is the one immeasurable ! It PREFACE. 5 is a thing all — utterly — evil, sponsored by the Arch-Fiend and spawned by incarnate devils, in the nethermost Hell! It is the blighting curse of this, the fleeting Present, — the fearful menace of a Future, yet unborn ! One of the most deeply significant phases of this inexpressibly sad, depressing matter is the profound moral perversion which has appar- ently penetrated and permeated the entire moral personnel of these arrogant hierophants who officiate before the blood-dripping altars of "THE NEW PRIESTHOOD." Here they offer up. to their Moloch deity, not alone the torn, palpitating bodies of their dumb victims, but THE INTEGRITY OF THEIR OWN SOULS! It has recently transpired, by the way, that several notorious vivisectors in this State have been logically convicted of the most obvious falsehood by the evidence supplied by their own contradictions. Another glaring instance of that astounding mendacity which seems almost inseparable from the practice of " THE COWARD SCIENCE" is afforded by a recent complete exposure of the flagrant dishonesty of acertain official connected with "Boston University School of Medi- cine." This official entered into a correspondence, of the most pro- foundly damaging character, with a professed cat-thief (a good friend of our cause, who assumed this disguise in order to draw this miscreant on,-— which he did, "with a vengeance.") Later, this friend gave the entire correspondence to the Boston "Record" for publication, thus apparently putting the University into the most disgraceful of all pos- sible positions — that of a great Boston medical college "dickering" with a self-confessed cat- thief regarding the precise' sum, per capita, which it should pay him for stolen cats! Vivisectors certainly here stand revealed in no very flattering light as exponents of Exact Truth, however brilliantly they may shine as expo- nents of Exact Science, or in the more familiar — probably more con- genial — role of professional cat-carvers. A GREAT, UNPUNISHED CRIME. Vivisection is the blackest crime that the law of any land ever let go unpunished. The agony it inflicts upon helpless animals is so appalling that the mere knowledge of its atrocity has darkened, forever, with its hideous, leprous shadow, the sunshine in many a generous and noble heart. It has destroyed, in many a breast, the belief in the existence of a just and 6 PREFACE. loving God. It has, for more than one lofty spirit, turned to gall and wormwood the sparkling wine within Life's golden chalice. It has aroused in many a manly, many a womanly breast, a storm of right- eous indignation, and it has evoked many a stern resolve to combat the hideous phantom while life and strength remain. Many have turned from its Gorgon head with speechless horror, lest — like Medusa's potent gaze — it, too, might freeze the palsied wretch who looked on it, to stone. All honor be to the handful of gallan't hearts (among whom 1 in no wise presume to rank myself)- — "sentimental anti-vivisectionists," Henry Guy Carleton calls them — who, with dauntless courage, have dared to face this hideous " Dweller of the Threshold," and gaze, un- blanched, into those dreadful eyes. For that man and that woman, of exalted imagination and tender heart, who renounces sunshine, happiness, and alas! too often, peace, to enroll themselves beneath the spotless ensign of our Cause— to fight, shoulder to shoulder, through weary, thankless years for the dumb and the defenceless — for them be the reverent, unspoken homage that the heart of their kind has ever paid unsullied virtue, since Socrates drained the hemlock-bowl, ere set of sun. .o*q Such language as that employed by Mr. Carleton cannot assail them. Like the turbulent little stream that hurls itself against the granite base of some great Alp, have, through all past time, the opponents of the philanthropist and reformer of every field, wasted their strength in the vain attempt to outwit Eternal Justice (or, as in the case of Carleton, to strive, through ignorance, to accomplish what others attempt through wickedness and malice). ' -■».•■• < But the heart of Man is not wholly bad, and the great alp of Justice will still rear, as now, its spotless crest above the sea of leaden clouds to greet the fast-approaching dawn, when the tiny, turbulent stream, which frets against its granite foot to-day. shall, in the majestic march of centuries, have been dried up within its shallow bed, and "the place which knew it, once, shall know it no more, " forever. ^Sr^^Skg^- The Vice-President (also Director) "A'ew England Anti-Vivisection Society," Boston, U. S. A.; Honorary and Life Member "Victoria St. Society for Protecting Animals from Vivisection," London; Honorary Member "London Anti-Vivisection Society," London, etc., etc. I IMPORTANT CORRESPONDENCE WITH CANON WILBERFORCE ON VIVISECTION. The following correspondence, arising out of the annual meeting of The Victoria Street Society, is reported from the Zoophilist : 40, Wimpole Street, W., June 23rd, 1892. Sir : — In The Times of to-day appears an account of the annual meeting of the Society for the Protection of Animals from Vivisection. It is there stated that in moving the adop- tion of the report you characterized vivisectors as " human devils." If this be a correct version of the words you em- ployed, you have placed yourself under an obligation either to substantiate or to withdraw and apologize for this expression. By vivisectors can only be meant the class of physiological investigators engaged in experimentation upon animals. These investigators are convinced of the necessity of such experi- mentation, not only for the advancement of medical science, but for the elucidation of the phenomena of Nature upon which human progress depends. In this conviction physiologists are supported by the highest intellects of the world, including, with scarcely an exception, the great mass of scientific experts who are alone fully qualified to form a correct judgment in such a matter. . The cultivation of science, as it is pursued by the physiologi- cal investigator, demands the utmost devotion and willingness to endure self-sacrifice. The one aim must be to elicit truth 8 IMPORTANT CORRESPONDENCE for truth's sake ; such labor is very seldom in any worldly sense remunerative, and rarely gains either applause or popu- larity. Those who have the privilege of the friendship of practical physiologists, and are best able to estimate their individual worth, must feel deep indignation to find men among the select few in modern society that lead, in every sense of the word, noble lives, stigmatized in the terms you are stated to have employed. Those terms are uncharitable, unjust and libellous. Their spirit is entirely opposed to the teaching of Christianity and of that Church in which you hold so distin- guished a position. I am, Sir, yours faithfully, Henry Sewill. To the Rev. Canon Wilberforce. Deanery, Southampton, June 27th, 1892. Sir : — The quotation from The Times to which you refer, consisting of two words only, is obviously a mcst unfair report of an entire speech. I did not say, in that indiscriminate manner, that all persons who practiced visisection were " hu- man davils." I am aware that many apparently succeed in escaping moral contamination from the atrocious deeds they do in the name of science, and I am prepared to take your word for it that persons capable of inflicting excruciating tor- tures upon helpless animals, live, in other respects, " noble lives." I did say, and I emphatically reiterate it, that persons who were capable of doing certain deeds, which I enumerated, such, for example, as leaving a dog crucified to the torture- FROM CANON WILBERFORCE. J trough, kept alive by artificial respiration, in agony unspeakable, throughout the long hours of the night, and sometimes from a Saturday to a Monday, while they themselves retired to the rest and comfort of their own homes, hoping to find their sub- ject alive for further experiment upon their return to the labo- ratory, were acting as " inhuman devils." I do not stand alone in the opinion. The Rev. Dr. Haughton (Question 1888, Royal Commission, 1876) said : " I would shrink with horror from accustoming large classes of young men to the sight of animals under vivisection. . . . Science would gain nothing, and the world would have let loose upon it a set of young devils ' ' You say that the spirit of my statement is " entirely opposed to the teaching of Christianity," etc. I reply that the so- called " cultivation of science," as it is practiced by the physi- ological investigators, "is entirely opposed to the teaching of Christianity," is based upon the rankest materialism, and appeals to the lowest instincts of man ; and, as to "the Church in which ) hold a position," etc., I thank God that some of its most eminent representatives have organized within it a league for the "total abolition of the practice of vivisection." And the Bishop of Manchester, himself no tyro in science, preach- ing on behalf of this league, exposes himself to your "deep indignation," for he, too, stigmatizes vivisectors as men " who use God's dumb creatures as the subjects of tortures which could only be called diabolical, and who gain their knowledge by the degradation of their moral- character," and with these sentiments I cordially agree. Our contention is that the public has been blinded by scien- 10 IMPORTANT CORRESPONDENCE tific dust thrown into its eyes, and that multitudes are wholly unaware of the unspeakable and fiendish cruelties that are perpetrated in the name of science. The public is taught to believe that vivisections are rare, that animals subjected to them are under anaesthetics, and that the discoveries made by the process are of infinite value. The public has not realized that three thousand doctors signed a memorial declaring that an important series of experiments could not be carried through while animals are under anaes- thetics, that the arch-vivisector, Schiff, has been honest enough to say, " It is nothing but hypocrisy to wish to impose on ones- self and others the belief that the curarised animal does not feel pain." • Let us glance at some of these so-called " experiments " and judge whether men endowed with ordinary sensibilities and imaginations could perform them without temporarily transforming themselves into " inhuman devils." They in- clude baking, freezing, burning, pouring boiling oil on living animals, saturating them with inflammable oil and setting them on fire, starving to death, skinning alive, cutting off the breasts while giving milk, gouging out the eyes, larding the feet with nails, forcing broken glass into ears, intestines and muscles, making incisions in the skull and twisting about a bent needle in the brain, etc., (vide "The Nine Circles," Swan, Sonnenschien & Co., Paternoster Square, in which chapter and verse are given for every experiment described, and a careful perusal of which will provide abundant justification for the expression of which you complain). One of these "practical physiologists," whom you estimate FROM CANON W1LBERFOKCE. II so highly, desired recently to ascertain whether it was possible to pour molten lead into a man's ear when drunk without causing him to shriek. For this purpose he procured several dogs, and the report says, " he administered an anaesthetic composed of a solution of chloral and morphine, to reduce the dog to the supposed condition of a drunken man. In spite of this precaution it appears that when the molten lead pene- trated the ear of one of the animals, accompanied by a friz- zling sound, the wretched beast struggled violently, and its howls were so dreadful that even the garcons du laboratoire, accustomed as they are to painful spectacles, were strongly affected." The second dog, though similarly anaesthetised, was so horribly tortured that it actually burst the thongs which bound it to the torture-trough. Again, could anyone but an " inhuman devil " perform the following? — '• At the late Medical Congress, held in Berlin, a Chicago Professor performed, before the assembled doctors, some ex- periments upon a dog. A French journal, in describing it, says that the Professor roared out, ' Hand me over that dog!' The unfortunate animal was brought into the room, carefully muzzled, and with its legs tied down. The Professor then proceeded to pump the poor beast full of sulphurretted hydro- gen gas. ' Now, gentlemen,' he shouted, ' the gas will issue from his mouth in a stream, and I will set fire to it!' A lighted match was set to the dog's mouth, with no result, — a second, a third, a whole box full, and nothing came out of it but burning the hair on the dog's jaws. Then came the second 12 IMPORTANT CORRI SPONDENCE part of the experiment. ' Now, gentlemen,' said the Profes- sor, ' you will see the effect when the gas has been pumped into the bowels when they have been wounded.' He then produced a loaded revolver and fired a bullet into the wretched animal's abdomen. The dog yelled piteously, and the bleeding creature was subjected to a repetition of the gas injection. The rest of the story was too horrible to tell, even in the pages of an English medical journal." — Philadelphia Ledger, Dec. 16th, 1890. The list of Dr. Brown-Sequard and M. Chauveau's experi- ments on the spinal marrow are too terrible to describe in ex- tenso. The following will serve as a sample : — " To ascertain the excitability of the spinal marrow, and the convulsions and pain produced by that excitability," the studies were made chiefly on horses and asses, who, he says, " lend themselves marvellously thereto by the large volume of their spinal marrow." M. Chauveau accordingly "consecrated 80 subjects to his purpose." "The animal," he says, "is fixed on a table. An incision is made on its back of from 30 to 35 centimetres ; the vertebrae is opened with the help of a chisel, mallet and pincers, and the spinal marrow is exposed." Several experiments similar to the foregoing are described. In some the spinal marrow was burnt through with red-hot wire. The electrical stimulation was increased. The spinal marrow tetanized (/. e., convulsed) during three minutes. The vagus several times stimulated. The operations on the rabbit extended over eleven days. The wound in the back had sup- purated and the stimulation of the exposed nerves was added to by electrodes being fastened to each hind leg, causing teta- FROM CANON WILBERFORCE. 1 3 nus (/'. e., convulsions) of the back extremities." — Pfluger's Archives, 1888, pp. 303, et seq. Again. " Fifty-one dogs had portions of the brain hemisphere washed out of the head which had been pierced in several places. This was repeated four times, the mutilated creatures and their behaviour having been studied for months. Most of the animals died at last of inflammation of the brain" (p. 415). " ' Interesting experi- ment' " on a delicately formed little bitch ; left side of brain extracted ; wire pincers on the hind feet. Doleful whining ; the little animal began again to howl piteously ; soon after- wards foamed at the mouth" (p. 417). "The same dog last operated upon on the 15th October ; since then, blind; died on November 10th. The dissected brain resembled a lately- hoed potato field " (p. 418). "Little bitch last operated upon on the 26th of May, and made nearly blind ; died on the 7th of July." Do you imagine that I should consider myself under an obligation to apologize for stigmatizing the dastardly perpe- trator of the following abomination an " inhuman devil? " Prof. Goltz says that it was "marvellous and astonishing" to find that a dog that had served for some seven experiments, and whose hind-quarters were completely paralyzed, and whose spinal marrow had been destroyed, the animal suffering besides from fatal peritonitis, was still capable of maternal feelings for its young. " She unceasingly licked the living and the dead puppy, and treated the living puppy with the same tenderness as an uninjured dog might do." — Pfluger's Archives, (Vol. IX, p. 564). I contend that the language does not exist in which it would 14 IMPORTANT CORRESPONDENCE be possible to be " uncharitable, unjust and libellous," in speaking of such " a labor to elicit truth for truth's sake." For Paul Bert's reports of his disgusting experiments in amputating the breasts of a goat and other animals, see Comptes de la Societe de Biologie (Paris, 1883; p. 193). " I wrote," he says, "to communicate to the Society the results that I have obtained by the ablation of mammae in animals. Dogs and rabbits with their six or eight mammae, are unable to survive these experiments." I certainly do not envy you " the privilege of the friendship of practical physiologists," such as these. Perhaps you will say that these experiments were performed by foreigners, and not by the " select few in modern society that lead, in every sense of the word, noble lives." Then let me refer you to the report of "The Royal Humane Society," 1865, pp. 31-66, for an English experiment, which is only one out of thousands. " Experiment 19. A terrier was deprived of air by plunging its head into liquid plaster of Paris ; respiratory efforts com- menced at one minute thirty-five seconds, and ceased at four minutes, the heart beating till five minutes. On examining the lungs, the white plaster was found throughout the bronchial tubes." Seventy-six of these experiments were made." — Report of the Royal Humane Society, 1865, pp. 31-66. And the following : — Dr. Angel Money reported a series of experiments in which he irritated the brain and intestines of a number of " anaesthetised, curarised animals," by electric- ity, sliced away their brains and made "windows" in their bowels. — British Medical Journal, August 4th, 1883. FROM CANON WTLBERFOKCif. 1 5 Dr. Bradford, of University College, London, has mutilated the kidney of dogs. Firstly, he removed a portion of one kidney, which operation must necessarily be of an exceed- ingly painful nature. At intervals, varying from a fortnight to six weeks, the entire other kidney was also removed, thus leaving the animal with only a portion of kidney. After the second operation, the animal became emaciated, and died at a period varying according to the size of the remnant of kidney remaining. Sometimes the dogs lived a fortnight, sometimes six weeks. — Proceedings of Physiological Society, March 21st, 1891. The following quotation from Mr. R. T. Reid's speech in the House of Commons, April 4th, 1883, refers to English experiments; — "I will take one instance from certain ex- periments performed by Professor Rutherford, and reported in the British Medical Journal. I refer to the series of experiments commenced December 14th, 1878. These ex- periments were 31 in number; no doubt there were hundreds of dogs sacrificed upon other series of experiments, but now I am only referring to one set, beginning, as I say, on the 14th December, 1878. There were, in this set, 31 experiments, but no doubt many more than 31 dogs were sacrificed. All were' performed on dogs, and the nature of them was this : The dogs were starved for many hours. They were then fastened down; the abdomen was cut open ; the bile duct was dissected out and cut ; a glass tube was tied into the bile duct and brought outside the body. The duct leading to the gall-bladder was then closed by a clamp, and various drugs were placed into the intestine at its upper part. The result of l6 IMPOTRANT COKRESPONDENCE these experiments was simply nothing at all — 1 mean it led to no increase of knowledge, whatever; and no one can be astonished at that, because these wretched beasts were placed 1 in such circumstances — their condition was so ab- normal — that the ordinary and universally recognized effect of well-known drugs was not produced. These experiments were performed without anaesthetics — the animals were ex- perimented upon under the influence of a drug called curare. And now, Sir, what " phenomena of Nature upon which human progress depends" have been elucidated by these brutal and degrading tortures ? What victory over disease can your " scientific experts," who, you say, " are alone fully qualified to form a correct judgment in such a matter," point to, as the result of vivisection? Can they cure cancer, consumption, scrofula or lupus ? Is it not a fact that the boasted discoveries of one year are the ludibrium of the next? In spite of the unspeakably cruel experiments of Professor Ferrier, your " scientific experts " do not even yet know the true function of the cerebellum, and the experiments of one physiologist are often pronounced by another to be utterly use- less. Harvey testifies, himself, that the discovery of the cir- culation of the blood was due to anatomy, and not to vivi- section. Some of the most skilful, living operators have told me that their skill was obtained by dissection of the cadaver, and not by vivisection. Sir Thomas Watson told me, him- self, that it was constantly necessary to unlearn, at the bed- side, the lesson taught in the laboratory. Majendie's holo- caust of victims resulted in the disastrous failure when his conclusions were tested on the human body. What has hu- FROM CANON WILBhRFORCE. I 7 manity gained from the unparalleled cruelties of Koch, who is compelled to keep a special crematorium to dispose of the corpses of his victims ; or from the so-called discoveries of Pasteur, who has apparently succeeded in producing a new form of disease, rabbies paralysis ? The report signed by Sir J. Paget, Sir J. Lister, Dr. Burdon Sanderson and others, informs us that, " under the intensive method, deaths have occured under conditions which have suggested that they were due to the inoculations rather than to infection 'from rabid aniinals." At Milan three men died of rabies after treatment at the Instituto Robico, and the dog by which they were bitten was declared by Prof. Pasteur, himself, not to have been rabid! Professor Peter says, " M. Pasteur does not cure rabies, — he gives it." And in The Times (No- vember 16th, 1888), I read that " In the case of one man sent over to Paris from this country, there is reason to be- lieve that the hydrophobia from which he died was rather the result of his inoculation than the original bite." You say "the investigators are convinced of the necessity of such experimentation." I reply that an increasing num- ber of intelligent Englishmen, undeterred by what has been well termed (I believe by the late Lord Shaftesbury) " the insolence of physiological science," are convinced of the iniquity, the uselessness, and the peril to the human race of such experimentation, and they are determined to do their utmost to render the practice, in this country, at least, wholly illegal. I am, Sir, yours faithfully, Basil Wilberforce. The Zoophilist, — London, July, 1892. FAIRLY CORNERED. The following is quoted literally, without comment, from Anti- Vivisection for April, 1896. "An occasional correspondent, who was present at the State House upon the hearing of the Massachusetts bill, writes as follows : " Perhaps the quibbling propensity of vivisectors has never more plainly appeared than during Mr. Philip G. Peabody's cross-examination of Dr. Henry Bowditch and Assistant Professor William T. Porter. Mr. Pea- body's point of attack was the specific statement that no painful vivisection had occurred at Harvard, made in the now notorious manifesto published in The Tran- script, of Boston, on July 13th, last, written and signed by Assistant Professor Porter, and vouched for by five other worthies, one of whom was Dr. Bowditch. '•Dr. Bowditch claimed that this statement was not made in the paper, and that the previous part of the paragraph showed this, whereupon Mr. Peabody read the entire paragraph, which we reproduce below, mere'y remarking, that the first part of it has no more to do with the denial of painful vivisection, which is certainly specific and precise, than the man in the moon. FAIRLY CORNERED. 19 " The third class of vivisections is that in which no narcotic is given. Many operations require no anaes- thetic, because they inflict little or no pain. An ex- ample is the injection of diphtheria toxine into horses, in order that the serum of their blood may be used to destroy the diphtheria bacillus in the very tissues of the sick. Other operations of this class do cause pain. Painful vivisections, when made at all, are made for the sake of determining functions that were temporarily suspended by narcotics. Here truth is gained at the expense of suffering, because there is no other way. Such investigations are rare. None such have been made in the Harvard Medical School, within our know- ledge. [Italics are ours.]. - . X^&?: - "The situation was very embarrassing to fcrreiwitnesses j ■ they both tried to show ; that £tbe::Tmeajting. jof tire: 'sejfc& tences, which we have printed in italics, was changed by the previous part of the paragraph ; finally, Dr. Bowditch showed a disposition to beg off, claiming that although he had vouched for the article, he had' not written it. "When Assistant Porter's tur'n came, he took his cue from Dr. Bowditch ; but Mr. Peabody, thereupon, for the second time, read the entire paragraph, whereupon Assistant Porter took the other horn of the dilemma, and without admitting, in a straightforward way, that he was trapped, began to claim that the many agonizing experiments which he confessed having made, in the 20 FAIRLY CORNERED. "Journal of Physiology," without the use of anaesthet- ics (except at certain parts of the experiment, to pre- vent struggling), were not really painful, because he had used anaesthetics, which, however, in his own ac- count, he did not claim, except as stated ; the fact, of course, being that his original account in the " Journal of Physiology" was true, that anaesthetics were not used, throughout, and that he claimed to have used them, because confronted with his denial of all painful vivisection ; this view of the case is borne out by ad- mission that his rabbit was " very lightly chloralised, not over one-tenth gram" — which would be unnecessary if it was anaesthetised. "It must have been a humiliating experience for these two men, in the presence of five hundred people, to have their scientific forgetfulness thus made evident." I. Vivisection is the cutting, burning, boiling, and general mutilation and torture of living ani- mals, and is usually done, as is freely and un- equivocally confessed by the vivisectors themselves, on animals entirely sentient, and without the use of anaesthetics. II. It is objectionable because : (1st.) The number of animals thus tortured, in- stead of being small, is to be reckoned by the tens of thousands, a single vivisector, (Majendie) hav- ing thus tortured, without anaesthetics, nine thou- sand (9,000) dogs, in a single experiment, one of the most acutely agonizing known to science. (2d.) The agony of the animals (horses, dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs and monkeys) is not less- ened by anaesthetics, in many cases. (3d.) The results of these appalling crimes are not of value to the healing art, but are unspeakably injurious in leading men astray, animals differing so from men that conclusions from one to the other are frequently erroneous. (4th.) It also depraves, and, as experience with even men of supposed character has demonstrated, it renders grossly untruthful the men who practice it. (5th.) It has already led to the open and un- equivocal demand for human victims in this coun- try, and nothing but the hypocrisy and cowardice of the vivisectors prevents them from demanding human beings for vivisection, universally. When they make this demand they admit experiments on animals to be useless and misleading ; at all other times, however, they claim valuable results from such experiments, at least in this country. Pet cats and dogs are systematically stolen for this pur- pose. III. Hundreds of eminent men, doctors, sur- geons, physiologists, scientists, freely admit the truth of the statements herein made. IV. The immediate work of this society must be to inform people of the extent, cruelty and useless- ness of these terrible crimes. To do that takes money for office rent, printing and postage. V. We request all lovers of justice to aid this best of all reforms by at once joining this society, and also, where able, to donate such sums of money as they may approve to the work. 'Associate membership is $1.00 Annual " ** 5.00 Life " " 100.00 President of the N. E Anti-Vivisection Society, 179a Tremont St., Boston, Mass.