4 reba i George Washington Flowers Memorial Collection DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ESTABLISHED BY THE FAMILY OF COLONEL FLOWERS TREASURE ROOM PG5S757 fis A . TOROGRAPHY OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, as il UPON A YA NEW PLAN , ae HENRY VOSE. NATCHEZ: American Stanparn & Misstssippt Ware, Pee ee Vere reeevaeesy VOSE’S . SOUTHWESTERN ALMANAC: FOR 1836, Will be issued early in the season. Owing to the favorable reception his Al- 1anacs for 1834 and 1835 have met with, an edition of about 30,000 of his South- \ restern Almanac will be printed, and as it will be found at every place where. here is a post office, in Alabama, Arkansaw; Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi,' ferchants, and others, who may wish to advertise, will find it to their advantage ) use its columns, t a fe F The cost of advertising will be $5 00 per square of five lines or less, and $1 or each additional line ofthis size. Gentlemen will please send their advertise- aents, directed to the undersigned, by the 30th of Ju The Southwestern Almanac will, besides other use aatters, contain a list of n6 post offices in the states and territories named. rders are requested ; ‘rice per gross, $12 00; por thousand, $70 00. ; HENRY VOSE. Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1835, BY HENRY VOSE, me" én the office of the District Courtiof the District of Mississippi: See eS Names printed in sMALL CAPITALS are those of County Seats. Those c fol letter pyare names of Post Offices, Those printed in Italic are names of Post Offi continie The greater the first: number after any place, the further it is nort itis, the further south. The greater the second number, the further the place is v less ‘it is, the further east. Ifyou set the numbers of any two places under each of then. subtract, you will have two remainders; the first shows the number of miles o) ep is north or south of the other; and the second. ‘shows how many miles: one is wes the other. The shortest distance between them is found by rules hereafter given. H e A Abiacha, creek, m’th, Carroll, 8508,3615 Benton, Yazoo, p. Agency, Cld Choctaw, Hinds, 8445,3606 | Bolivar, Washington, p, New, Oktibbeha. « English, Clarke, « Alamucky creek, head of, a: “é Alligator Slouch. . Washfaeton, 8512,3627 Amsterdam, Hinds, pe Apaluce, Carroll, Ard’s Bluff, Marion, p. Atata C. H. Atala, Atuens, Monroe, p. Auburn, Hinds, p. Aveusta, Perry, p._ B Bacon’s Landing, Adams, Baldwin’s, Hinds, p. Bankston Springs, Hinds, Bayou Pierre, mouth, Claib’e, 8413,3670 Beatie’s Bluff, Madison, p. re ee ee ae) Belmont, Wayne, p. : ‘ Monroe, p. 8422, 3507 c Lake, Washington, co 8443,3507 Bovina, Warren, p. Bowling. Green, Jefferson. 8420, "3636 Bowling. Creen, Carroll, * 8517,3596, Branpon, Rankin, p. Brandy wing Springs, Clail 8193,3570, Bridgeport, Hinds. 8540,3510 ' Broken Bluff, Clarke, 8432,3612 Bruinsburg, Claiborne, uf 8369,3559 Buck Island, in the Miss, Buffalo, mouth, Wilkinson, «83. Bunch’s Cut-off, Washington, 8386,3684 | Biaka, Holmes, p. oe | Big Black, mouth, Claib 8440,3616 - Black Creek, month lt ail ini Chitto, Lawrence, Pe 8461,3614 } Bole’s Ferry, Holmes, ‘ FES: fi -~FOPOGRAPHY. —_, | Cc FE inal Bayou, 8528,6653 Feirchild’s Island, in Miss, 8396,3679. Ton, Madi3zon, p. 8462,3605 | Fairfield, Amite, p. 8371,3639 \RROLTON, Carroll,p. 8521,3595 | Falkland, North Mississippi, 8572,3559 ‘yuga, Claiborne, p. ry Fletcher’s Island, Adams, 8367,3685 dar Creek, Lowndes, p. Fochish Nanny, creek, Yalob’a treville, Amite, p. 8360,3662 | Fordsville, Marion, p, $352,3591 noa, Holmes, 8497.3612 | Franklin, Holmes, p. imney Point, Hancock, 8304,3540 Fulghamton, Copiah. na Grove, Pike, p. 8366,3607 | Fulsom’s Pigeon Roost, Choc, $518,3544. echuma, Tallahatchee, p. 8534,3597 | #urr’s Mills, Lawrence. \nxe ©. H. Clarke, 8422,3522 | G aton Hinds, p. 8442,3614 Be sally al, ERM RES. 5 ap |) 2 see aa tal oy a, head of, Carrroll, 8515,38599 Garlandville NWayiie p “a USRELGES: Wilkinson, p. 8370,3680 GPoractown, Capit p, 8407,3608. e’s Creek, mouth, Jeff’son, 8408,3677 Georgetown, North Mississip. 8611,3568 Forks of, 8403,3671 | Georgeville, Holmes, p. gee ‘arion, p. 8364,3590) Gildart’s Lake, £366,3688. Big). | ae 8366,3591| Grand Gulf, Claiborne, p. 8420,3663 cs RE ‘umBus, Lowndes, p. 8520,3504'! Gp , Pa 9 i EENSBoroUGH, Choctaw 8520,3564 iah Creek, mouth, Copiah, 8410,3608 | Greenville, Pelrson: ” g401,3668 es a Monroe,p. $550,3510) Grindstone Ford, Claiborne, 8420,3653 onville, Lawrence, p. Come Hittockchia, 8500-3693 bell Huune)) Nosth Miss- 9579,35501 orner, or Hittoo chia, 8500,3595 rcil Island, inthe Miss, $614,3625 a 3 Roads, Jackson, p. * ‘| Hamilton, Monroe, p. $532,350. - Ment Higoowaneee Reserve, Wa’ne $403,352 i D Houmesvitte, Pike, p. 8363,36 20) h. fan’s Bar, in the Miss. 8369,3691 | Homochitto, mouth; 8362,3690 ‘Cane. Kemper, per 8469,3488 | Honey Island, Holmes. ' *s Stand, Madison,p. 8463,3594} Horn Lake, North Mississippi. 8624,3008 Island, Jackson, ~ $316,3526 | Hankinson’s Ferry, $425,305 ‘sland, Jackson, 8305,3520 | Harmon’s Landing, Claib’ne, '8416,3660 sgal, Wilkinson. Harpersville, Yazoo, p. y, Adams, 8372,3682| Hendersonville. See Okachi- SE kama, r Hutchins’ Landing, Adams, 8380,3686 Horse-shoe bend, 8582,5638 7 8535,8599 i ral $394,3557 | Ibbaytup in Bogue, mouth Ya- ort, 9308,2216 lobusha, 8559. 3587) “ton, 8694,2827) Island 52, of theold Navigator, 857.5680 i. 9175,2445| “ 65, do,, 857 1.3658. ee ae —— < Si PS “Fe Island, Hancock, 8296,3525 Faverra, Jefferson, p. 8399,3663 — tles, Lake, 8562,3650 Fort Adams, Wilkinson, p. $350,3691 a “TT, do.5 » 1 anklin, pe Ishpombee, Carroll, p. ne ae Noxubbee, p . J ; wy Meridi rings, Ha 84 git ih Madison, “Oy. yi Jacxson, seat of government — uses Mill I avens pie, bss for the State, on Pearl, pee | Monroe, Perry, pe . bank, ne ee 6438,3607 | Mor talb ny Warren, py Jackson C. H. Jackson, p. . 8312 3516 | a Le Pe. Jasper C. H. Jasper, 8421, 46 Moore’s Island, ’ Jaynesville, Come Pp: 8403, 33577 Moore’s Bluff, Madison, ; k i Ala te Moscow,,near Tennesee ine * Bluff, Madison. eather roan, Wilkinson. Daeg tia ae} Now , RifgsvoniAdamey pe iy > ‘3878. 676 7 cans Conray Kintabish, head’of, Lea deudeleeene 3508 | easant, Wilkia L Mount Vernon ‘Warren, Lappatubbee, mouth of, B74 13565 Mount Washington, Laypenrpane C.H. Landerdale,, 8446 ae Leaf River, Greene, p janaxe, C. H. Leake, LEAKEVILLE, Greene, ae Lebanon Springs, Franklin, Leflore, Carroll, | ays, Poi L ewisville, Jefferson, Pp. Hand longi LexIncTon, Holmes, ps 8.498, 36011235" west Greenwich; © Liserry, Amite, Ponts 8360 aver sO Line store, Copiah, Little River. upper entrance, Liverpool, Yi ALO0, Pe vis ad eee Ai Livingston, ‘Madison, Ps , 8455,3613 | ™ Lodi, Lowndes,’ i * 8580,3515,|) Loits' Mills, Copiah, Lloyd’s Mills, Cepiah, ym Lovisvinie, Winston, _ i Bess Lowndes, Rankin p. Lusaskuna, mouth, ¥ alobusha | 8540 tk corner matt bat ony esi a Mouad, Macon, Noxubbee, p.) adisonville, Madison, ps,» Malcolm, Jefferson, ? “aly Manchester, Yazoo, 'p. Marion, Carroll, Ps. Martin's Station, 4 Mqpnees¥ a a ' Sere : 6 boundary of the state, Okachickama, Yalobusha, p. 2553,3606 Oktibbeha, mouth, Lowndes, 8523,3506 Old Choctaw Line, on the Mississippi. 8541,3663 Old Court-House, Adaras. Old French Fort, Jackson, © 8307,3526 Oldham’s Reserve, Holmes, Qld River, Wilkinson. O’Neal’s Creek, Yazoo, 8466,3629 Orangeburg, p. ' . | Palmyra, Warren. 8433,3663 ‘Papaw Island, or 103, 8448,3670 Pascagoula, Jackson, p. « River, mouth, 8303,3504 Pass Christiana, Hancock, = 8301,3537 Pearl, head of, Oktibbeha, 8500,3536 « mouth, Hancock, 8292,3552 Pearlington, Hancock, p, 8296,3555 Percy’ s Creek, Wilkinson, P. 8363,3683 Philip’s Bend, 8486,3624 Pigeon-Roost, N. Mississippi. Pinckneyville, Wilkinson, p, 8350,3684 yal hal 8615,3491 Reino. Jefferson, p. 8409,3671 Roebuck, Lake, 8522,3616 Rose Hill, Wilkinson, 8349,3677 Runnels, Bayou, 8562,3647 Ss Salem, Holmes. Sandy Creek, mouth, Adams, 8374,3673. Scorr C. H. Scott, 8444,3570 Second Creek, mouth, Adams, 8372,3680; Selsertown, Adams, p. 8394,3673. Shankstown, Jefferson. SurELpsporoves, Hancock, p, 8305,355t Ship Island, 8301,3523 Shongalo, Carroll, 8508,3589- Shukanutcha Creek, Kemper, 8460,3504, Sligo, Wilkinson, 8350,3676- Smita C,H, Smith, 8419,3570, Smithdale, Amite, p. Spring Cottage, Hancock, p, Spring Hill, Hinds, 84483624. Square Lake, North Mits. 8567,3647 STARKVILLE, Oktibbeha, p. 8520. "3528. St. Catherine’s Landing, Ad. 8378,3685, St. Francis Island, 8599,36335- Pine Creek, mouth, Clarke, 8414,3525| St, Louis, Bay of, Hancock, 8305,3546. Pine Ridge, Adams, 8394,3684) Stower’s Mound, 8398,3676. ‘Pitchlynn’s, Lowndes, 8521,3508] Steen’s Creek, Rankin, p. Pitt yurg, Yalobusha, $940,3588| Sumrall’s Church, Perry, p. Plainville, Yazoo, p. Pleasant Hill, Jefferson. T "Pleasant Ridge, Wayne,/p. ___| Temperance Ridge, Yazoo, p. Plymouth, Lowndes, 8523,3507 Talladega, Lowndes, p. , Pontotock, N. Mississippi, 8570,3559 | Tajlahoma, Jasper, p. $421,355 Portersville, Franklin, p. Yalobusha, 85383587. ‘Port Gipson, Claiborne, p. 8415,3658 Tchula, Holmes, 8498,3614 -Pratisburg, Warren, p. 8451,3650) Pillitoba,'Tallahatchee, p- 8556,3608 _ Prin TON, Washington, p. 8487,3670 Troy, Yalobusha, 8541,3591 Prospect ‘Hill, Adams, p. — 8381,3676| Puscahoma, Tallahatchee. 8538,3598. Q Twin Bluff, Warren, p, 8444,3636. a Pp. 8551,3502) U ; R 3 Uniontown, Jefferson, 8398,3671, Rankin, Holmes, Pp. — $494,3610 - Raymonn, Hinds, p. 8439,3621 Vv Rigolets, 8295,3563 | Vernon Madison, p. $458,367, Rocky Springs, Claiborne, p. 8423,3646 Vicxssure,, Warren, $443,3645, MISSISISPPT. i Ww ‘ | Brooklyn, N. Y. 9018,2639 Wahalock, Kemper, p. ‘ Brunswick; Me. 9238,2395 Walker, Yalobusha, 8549,3584| Buffalo, N. Y. 9169,2935 Wall’s Tan-yard, Monroe, p. sh ap: c ‘Warrenton, Warren, p. _8435,365 A iB Washisgton, Adamiy3s. 8389,3677 | Cambridge, Mass. 9133,2467 ‘Westport, Lowndes, 8520,3506|Camden,S. C. 8576,3030 ‘WestyILze, Simpson, p. 8414,3594 | Canandaigua, N. Y. 9170,2837 White Plains,;Lawrence p. Cape Cod, Mass. J} 04 White Sulphur Springs, Copiah, __ hy 8500,3636 White Sand Lawrence, p. Whitestown, Wilkinson, p. 8358,3670 Willow Springs, Claiborne, p. 8421,3651 Charleston, 8. C. Charlestown, Mass: Cincinnati, O. Cotumara, S. C. Cotumeus, O. | Wirtiamssurc, Covington, p. 8395,3572 | Concdr 1 Williams’ Bayou, 9529, 3664 | CONCORD: N. H. Wincuester, Wayne, p. _8399,3516 Woopvitte, Wilkinson, p. 8358,3676| Dedham, Mass. ¥ Yalabusha, mouth, ‘Yiezer’s Store, Hinds, p. Yazoo Pass, entrance from the ' Mississippi, 8523,36 11 8442,3631 8588,3636 TOPOGRAPHICAL NUMBERS. ‘OF VARIOUS PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES. ‘Those places, of which the names are printed in SMALL CAPrTALs, are the seats Of government for their respective states, A Derrorr, Mich. Dorchester, Mass. Dover, ‘Del. Dover, N. H. Easton, Md. Eastport, Me. Edenton, N. C. Eveter, N. H. FE Franxrort Ky. Aupany. N. Y. 9153;2625 | Fredericksburg, Va. Alexandria, D: C. 8887,28:24 | Frederickstown, Md. Anwarotis, Md. 8901,2863 | . G Auburn, N: Y. 9169,2848 ee ee Augusta, Ga. 8519,3114) Gye bon. Me : . Aveusra, Me. 9268,2390 |G ronfeld: Me. if eR , Ms. Baltimore, Md: 8921,2858 H Bangor, Me: 9303,2327 | Hagerstown, Md. Barnstable, Mais. 9087,2416| Hallowell, Me. Batavia, N. Y. 9176,2893 | Harrispure, Pa. Beaufort, S. (34 Boston, Mass. Bristol, R; I. 8447,3041 | Harrrorp, Conn. 9132,2464| Hudson, N. Y. 9085,2479} Huntsville, Ata. » Inpranapotts, Ind. J J AoKsON,» Miss. J EEFERSON Mo. aie K Ransbitit, Me. ; noe Ten. . oe EL W Sieweaner! Pa. Lexington, Ky. We LE Rock, Ark. Lockport, N.Y. Louisville, Ky. Lowell, Ms. bi Die Va. Val Ie } N + ve Marblehead, Ms. Middletown, Con. " Miniepcevitze, Ga. i \ : M obile, Ala. —e™ Vt. N Peiaca, Ms. Nasuviute, Ten. Natchez, C. H. Miss. Newark, N. J. | New Brdiord, Ms. New ern, N. C. Newburgh, N. Y. Newberyport, Ms. Newcastle, Del. New Haven, Con. | New London, Con. New Orteans, La. - Newtport, R. I. New York, N. Y. Norfold, ar. Northampton, Ms, Norwich, Con. a or eee ——— Uf h + 8438,3607 8874, 3827 9207,2432 8693, 3234 $973,2781 8838,3268 '8600,3732 9190,2926 8836,3330 9151,2179 8805,2962 9140,2457 9142,245] 9078,2559 8495,3200 8326,3485 9266,2556 - 8964,3365 Pensacola, Flo, Petersburg, Va. Philadelphia, Pa. Pittsburg, Pa. Pittsfield, Ms.” Plattsburg, vey Plymouth, Ms, Portland, Me. Portsmouth, ae” Poughkeepsie, N. Ys Princeton, N. J. Provivencr. R. I. _R Rateren, N. C. Ricumonp, Va. Rochester, N. Y. s Sable. Cape, Flo. Sacketts Harbor, N. Y. Saco, Me. St. Augustine, Flo. St. Louis, Mo. Salem, Ms, | Savannah, Ga, 9059,2408 8705 3409 8388,3683 9022,2650 9083,2559 8558,2825 9075,2641 9164 "0459 8947, 2733 9057,2578 906272529 8277,3598 9072,2481 9019,2641 8752,2779 9130,2560 77,2527 Schenectady, N. Y. Springfield, Ms. i T Tattanassze, Flo. aunton. Ms, Trenton, N. J. Troy N. Y. Tuscanoosa, Ala. Utica, N. Y. Vandalia, Ill. Vevay, Ind. Vincennes, Ind. SRI Nene SSS oti 8312,3432 8709. 2840) 8967, 2711 9007, 3008 ry 9139, 2508 ry 9222-949) 9183,2445 8679,2928 8800,2846 9187,2874 7923,3075 8874,3576 91449454 8420,3063 9163,2635 9115,2556 8319,3276 9101,2510 8986,2679 9158,2620 8501,3462 9185,2713 | 8890,3542 8885,3299 88823445 TOPOGRAPHY. Ww Wasuinerton, D. C. _8893,2822 Wheeling, Va. - 8978,3042 Wilmington, Del, 8948,2728 Wilmington, N. C. 9069,2829 Worcester, Ms. 9127,2509 il York, me. 8968,2800 York, Pa. F 9189,2440 INDEX NUMBERS. 8625,3612, N. W. Corner of Mississippi 24,3608, Horn Lake. 24,3600, Nonconna. 20,3615, Buck Island, 15,3491. Okachappo. 14,3625, Council Island, 11,3568, Georgetown, N. Mississippi. 8599,3633, St Francis Island. 88, 36, Yazoo Pass. 82, 38, Horseshoe Bend. 80, 00, Nelson’s Bluff. 77, 50, Island 62. 74,3565, Lappatubbee. 72, 50, Council House, 71, 59, Falkland. 71,3658, Island 65, 70,3559, Pontotock,. 69,3655, Island 67. 67, 47, Square Lake. 63, 48, Offert’s Lake. 62, 50, Charles Lake. 62, 47, Runnel’s Bayou, 59, 54, Islaid 69 56, 08, Tillitoba. 56, 06, Coffeeville. 53, 06, Okachickama. 51,3502, Quincy. 50, 10. Cottonginport. 49, 84, Walker. 45.2604, Bolivar, Monroe. 41,3663, Old Choctaw Line. Al.359%5) “roy. 40,3666, Island 75, 40, 04, Lusaskuna. 8540,3588, Pittsburg. 850 40, 10, Athens, 39,3587, Thbaytup-in-Bogue. 38, 98, Tuscahoma. 38, 87, Tallahoma, Yalabusha | 35,3669, Island 77. 35,3599, Elliot. 34, 97, Chocchuma, — 32, 06, Hamilton. . 30,3660, Bolivar Lake. 30,3514, Lodi. 29,3664, Williams’ Bayou. | 28,3665, Canal - Bayou. 27,3514, Maykew. 23,3611, Yalobusha, Month. 23, O04, Leflore. 23,3507, Plymouth, 23, 06, Oktibbeha, Mouth, 21,3616, Roebuck Lake. 21,3595, Carrolton. 21, 08, Pitchlynn’s 20,3603, Ishpombee. 20,3564, Greenborough, 20, 28, Starkville. 20, 06, Westport, 20, 04, Columbus. 18, 44, Fulsom’s Pigeon Roost. 17, 96, Apaluce. 17,,* 91, Bowling Green, 15, 99, Coila. 12 pe Alligator. 2, , Marion, 09, ae Nashville. 08,3617, Little River. | 08, 15, Abiacha, 08,3589, Shongalo, 0, 93, Gum Corner. 8500, 36, Pearl, head of. 8498,3614, Tchula. 97, 12, Chenoa. 93, 10, Rankin. 94, OI, Lexington. 94,3546, Louisville. 94, 15, Macon, 8493,3616, Black Creek. 93,3570 Atala C. | 8487,3670, Princeton. 86, 67, Bunche’s. 86, 24, Philips’ Bend. 78 3596, Bole’s Ferry. 17, 3632, Manchester, 76, 22, Benton, . . 69,3570, Leake, C. H: ‘69,3478, De Kalb. 66,3629, O’Neal’s Creek. 66,3609, Moore’s Bluff. 65, 29, Liverpool. : 63,3594, Doak’s Stand. va i. 62 ,3605, Canton. at : 61,3631, Satartia. i eh 33614, Beatie’s Bluffs. 60 3908, Shukanutcha Creeks inlet OB, 3617, Vernon. ar 58, 13546, Neshoba C. H. a 55,3602, Madisonville, | ig 53, 13, Livingston. be _ «81,3650, Prattsburg. 50, 17, Mount Olympus. 48,8670, Papaw Island, _ 48, 61, Mouth of Yazoo. “ee 24, Spring Hill. 08, Meridian Springs. ietbis: Landerdale C. H. | 45,3606, Agency, Old. 1 oe a4, 36, Twin Bluff. badd 44,3570), Scott C. H. "43,8654, Vicksburg. 43,3507, Alamucky. ae _ 42,8648, Montalbon. ” a a oh iY eizer’s Store. Az, , Clinton, see: Kintabish, _. 40,3616, Bankston’s Springs. »- 39, 21, Raymond. m 38, O07, Jackson, | 37,3597, Brandon. 35,3654, Warrenton, r 33, 63, Palmyra. if 32, 12, Aubnrn. i, 25, 53, Hankinson’s, Ferry. 24 15, Line, Store. s 23, 46, Rocky Springs. LEIS EE lee ae ISSISISPYT. 8422, 0] g499,3599. Claka'G. HL.” Man Cor la, 21,3663, 225) Vols OL Sood, aS 46, 20,3663, 20) iS, 20, 36, 19,3570, 16,3660, 15;).) o85 14,3594, TSE pOR Be 13,3670, TOPE 6s ie 65, 11,3516, 10,3639, 10, 08, 09, 71, 09, 24, 08, 87, 07, 08, DDS ais 03, Ba; 03; 25: 01,3668, 00, 36, 8399,2663, 99,3516, 398,3676, OS, 1s SO oF 96, 69, 95, DOM 94,3684, 94, 63, 94,3557, 9, FG, 89 3677, 88, 83, 8, 68, 87, 04, 86, 84, 85, 88, Clarke, C. H. a Agency, English. Big Black. ye 7 Willow Springs. Tallahoma, Jasper. Pied Jasper C. H. Grand Gulf. Grindstone Ford. Amsterdam. b Smith ©; H. Harmon’s Landing. Port Gibson. Westville, Pine Creek. Bayou Pierre. Bruinsburg. Oakland. Broken Bluff. Mount Washington. Copiah Creek. Rodney. / Gallatin. Cole’s Creek. Georgetown, Copiah. Cole’s Creek forks. Jaynesville. Higoowanee. Greenville! White Sulpher Springs. Fayette, Winchester. Stowor’s Mound. Uniontown. Pairchilds, 4 Lewisville. Williamsburg. Pine Ridge. Selsertown. © Ellisville. Mount Carmel. Washington. Natchez. 3 Lebanon Springs. Monticello. Bacon’s Landing Moore’s Island. * SS 6631,3676, 30, 86, 80, 56, 80, 34, 79,3562« 78,3685, 143, uMoK AL te Os Thr eee 123). 80, 72; 3a, 70, 80, 69,3691, 69,3559, 67,3585, 66,3688; 66,3607, 66,359 Ly 64, 90, 63,3683, 63, 20, 62,3895, 836 1,3528, 60,3662, 60, 49, 59, 69, 58, "6, 58, 70, ae 92, 2591, Gea 50, 84, 50, 76, A RTT 16,3526, 12,3516, 07, 26, Oa, ol. 05, 46, Obs 2 20) 04, 40, 03, 04, ORLY ST} Ouest 3k §296,2555, 96, 25, Prospect, Hill. Hutchin’s , Meadville. Bogue Chitto. Monroe. St. Catherine’s. Sandy Creek. Kingston, Duncan,s Ferry. Second Creek. Fairfield. Cold Springs. Dead man’s Bar. Augusta. Fletcher’s Island, Gildart’s Lake. China Grove. Columbia Springs. Columbia. Pery’s Creek. Holmesville. Homochitto. Leakeville. Centreville. ‘Liberty. Mount Pleasant. Woodville. Whitestown, Buffalo. Fordsville. Fort Adams. Pinckneyville. Sligo Rose Hill. Deer Island. Jackson C. H. Qld French Fort. Shieldsborough. St Lonis, Bay. Dog Island, Chimney Point Pascagola river. Pass Christian, Ship Island. Pearlington. Cat Island, TOPOGRAPHY. 8295,3563, Ricolets. “ 92, ga? Pearl, mouth. ah " OBSERVATIONS &C. a Tpke meridian’ which I have | assumet etek in the Atlantic Ocean, betwee prétee it is, that it will pass over no | itable part pt oe peor except, ery country where = plan may a plied, the second numbers will constant] increase towards the west, and as Cor stantly diminish towards the east, so the when the numbers of two places are se under each other, the eye will instant] | perceive in what direction they lay. ue ‘each other. For a similar reason, m} first numbers begin at the south pole. fe My plan can be advantageously ap plied in representing the ee ae fice lestial bodies, which I may to do, when more at leisure. pee “i When I have had occasion to use tl | latitudes and longitudes of other | state than Mississipp1, “Louisiana and Alabam’ I have preferred those of the America Almanac for 1835. | another. } | Rule. | places under each other, then that a id pas te To fint the direction of one pie . Place the numbers of the t r) ng y i has its first, or left hand number greg -est, is most northerly, and that wif ‘has its second number greatest, is ag | westerly. i. Question. In what direction is. ae + chester from Natchez? SU | Answer. The numbers for the t places are as follows: |, For Manchester, 9477,36 | | For Natchez. 8388,3¢ é Now, by the rule, as 8477 is greater an 8388, Manchester is north of Natch- and | as 3683 is greater than 3633, te) ez. is west. of Manchester, or what same Manchester is east of Natch- ‘Therefore Manchester is northeast- ; Sein Natchez. . etermine whether it is more north- ly than a take the differences of Perini © 8388,3683 89, 5) Now, if the first difference exceed the cond, Which is the fact in this case, the dace is nore, northerly than easterly. | 4 The first difference shows how many tiles one place i is north or south of anoth- T, an and the second difference shows how ny “miles west or east.“ , L what places are nearest, north or south of any named place, ¢ Rule. Look for the number of the lace, and find that number in the Index, a second-number to that of your above the number of the Latter, is Res, the place nearest north, and the rest below i is that of the place nearest Muth. 1,3595, ray the nearest second num- Dy above | find to be 3597, which is that ! Chocchnma, Chocchuma is therefore i ost due north of Carrolton, The dif- nee of the first number is13. There- } ; Chocchuma is something more than Am 0 iles, on a direct line, fon Carrolton. To find what places are nearest, east ‘Wwest, to any place named, find its num- , and then look for it in the index, as ore, then that place, whether above oy MISSISSIPPI. below, which has a greater second-num- ber, is west, and that which has a less second-number is east, ‘The number of Columbus is 8520, 3504. and 3506 is the nearest second number, which is that of Westport, and being greater, be ta is nearly 2 miles west of Columbus To find the shortest distance between two places. 1. Set their numbers under each oth- er, and take the differences, then, if one difference be very small, compared with the other, a little more than the greatest difference will be the shortest distance sought. Y cv) The numbers of De Kalb 8469,3488, TH. 8469, 3570 Examp.ue. are Leake C, Difference 0, 482, Therefore De Kalb is 82 miles, on 2 direct line; from Leake C. H. Numbers of Shukanutcha Creek, 8450,3504 8554,3602 6, 98 Madisonville. Differences. Shortest distance is 98 miles. 2. When the differences are nearly equal, add 4 to every 10 of the greater number, to the same, which will be the shortest distance. Examete. Numbers of Coffeeville, 8556,3606, Pittsburg, 8540,3588_ Differences, 165. 13 Now 4 being added to every 10 of 18, will be about 7, which being added to the greater number, 18, makes 26 for the’ shortest distance between the two places. 3. In general, after multiplying your least difference by 10, and your greatest by TOO Cha: one of the qrumbers in the first column oe low, so that the two products be nearly equal, add as you find stated. 9 add 33 for every 100, and 3 for 10 of the greater number. every 8 « 97 “ 100 « 2 & 10 7 6& Of «* foo « 2 * 40 G hughes 100m BAK 0 5 « ay «© 100 * 1 20 As avbiriaties Joo. 1 eo 5 4) © 100 9 66 9 66 100 Apprication. Numbers of Buck Isl- and, 8620,3615 Falkland. 8571,3559 Differences. 49, 56 Now by multiplying the least differ- ence, 49, by 10, or by adding an O after it, which is the same thing, F have 490, and by multiplying 49 by 9, I have 441, which is nearly equal to it. Therefore I add 16, because 56 is nearly half of 100, to the greater number, 56, which makes 72 miles for the shortest distance from Falkland to Buck Island in the Missis- sippl. Numbers of Okachappo, Woodville, 8615,3491 8358,3576 anos Here you will find that by adding 0 af- ter the least difference, and multiplying the greater by 7, the two products will be comparatively equal; therefore add twice 21 for the 200, and 10 for the 50, and 2 for the 7, which makes 54 to be added to 250. ‘The shortest distance between the two points is, consequently, 311 miles, and Okachappo having the highest first number, is to the north, and the lowest second number, is to the east of Wood- ville. The mouth of Okachappo, or Differences, —_ —— Bear Creek, is, in fact, our northe boundary point. Pe | A very little Raa will wea hey ie velco ra eXCESSs To find the Dera belween two places the roads. i Ruie. Add 2 for every 10 of | shortest distance, unless the road! known to be very crooked, in which © add more, and if known to be very § straig add little or nothing. a The shortest distance between N . ez and Woodville you will find to bj small fraction over 30 miles;—2 to ev 10 gives 6, which added to 30 mikes miles. ‘The measured distance is y miles. This rule will, in general, hold ee ingly true, particularly for distances eg 50 miles, j To find how many miles a place is fi the equator. a Router. Your first numberis che ny ber of miles from the south pole, Al you subtract 6210 from it you will { the’ distance from the equator. , 4 The first number of Ishpomb el 8520; by subtracting 6210, you ky 9310 miles for its distance from the « el tor, wit the first number were » sless_ x i you would get the distance of | place corresponding to it, south of} equator. To find the distance of aplace fro iP north pole. _ MISSISSIPPI. bet . Subtract its first number from the difference is the proper answer. rst uumber of Vicksburg is 8443, ing subtracted from 12420. you 77 \eft, which is the distance sksburg to the north pole. by a a P| ‘ the shorlest disiance fromany place ssissippi to another out of tt, within . the United States. Ruue. 1 If the first number of the ‘ee out ofthe state is not greater than 5, the rule before given, with respect n the) state, will answer pretty For example: The numbers of New Orleans are id . 8277,3598 Columbus, Mississippi, 3520,3504 fferences. Ae Sey by adding 0 after 94, you have hich is nearly equal to 4 times , therefore carry 7 to every hundred : ‘for the shortest distance; to this add r every 10, or 52, and you have 312 omething less, which will general- the case when the first difference than the second, or the roads pret- ight. ‘This last is the true cause case. ‘When the first number of the place “the state is greater than 8625, et one-tenth of the second difier- rom it for a new second difference, en proceed as before. ) nbers of Washington City, 8893,2822 ackson, Missippi, 8438,3607 455, One-tenth 7 f Differences. ‘Coxrected differences, ry ag 3, or 17 to that number, which makes | ; per hundred, which is about 20, and distance by the road... It\nis, in Now by adding 0 after 4550, and 6 times 706 will be near this” number, therefore, by carrying 15 for ev- -—— - = 2 a 455 you re ery hundred of 706 to it, you get 821 5 miles for the shortest distance. “Add 2 forevery ten of this distance, to it, and you have 985 for the distanee by the roads, The post office distance, which is not the most direct by the roads, is 1035, 3. In comparing places having their first numbers greater than 8625, and, of course, out of the state, subtract one- sixth from the second number, for a new second number, and then proceed as be- fore. Numbers of New York, Philadelphia, 9019,2641 8967,2711 52, 70 Differences, One-sixth, 12 Corrected differences, 52, 58 Now 520 is nearly 9 times 58, there- fore carry to 58 miles, at the rate of 33 makes the shortest distance 78 miles. By carrying 2 for every 10 of this, to it, you get 94 for the distance by the road, which is about the computed dis- tance,though there is a road between them afew miles shorter. By applying the rale, you obtain the shortest distance from New York to Al- bany, 135; that by the roads, 162. From Bostcn to New York, shortest distance 187, by the roads, 224. The shortest road formerly traveled is, I believe, from 210 to 214 miles. The post office” distance appears to be 206. According to whathas elswhere been observed. where roads are known to be pretty straight, (which must be judged of from the na- ture of the country, and improvements,) ‘the rule will give too much, EE SE eS ames of Counties. Atala Carroll Choctaw Claiborne Clarke Copiah Covington Franklin Greene Hancock Hinds Holmes Jackson Jasper Jefferson Jones Kemper Lauderdale Lawrence Leake - Lowndes Madison Marion Monroe Neshoba Noxubbee Oktibbeha Perry Pike Rankin Scott Simpson’ Smith Tallahatchee Warren Washington Wayne Wilkinson Winston Yazoo Yalobusha | New Mississippi rice “Whites arataves 1a ; 1835. Central betw Pearl & | _ South of Lowndes : On both sides Chica é Southwesternmost, on? |East of Atala. On Yazoo, N. Bc Fositions of Counties. Cn the river. Fast of Wilk. East of Kolmes On Yazoo. East of Carroll Big Black & Miss. North of Wayne Bast of Jefferson j East of Lawrence East of Adams M4 South of Wayne a On Pearl & Lakes. Central W. ot Pearl North of Yazoo Southeasternmost, — Westof Clarke. North of Adams. West of Wayne — North of Lauderda North of Wayne — * Both sides of Pearl East of Madison ‘. Both sides of Tom 7 Ly if Both sides, of Pea Both sides of Tomt North of Jasper West of Lowndes x East of Marion West of Marion ? On Pearly east of } East of Rankin ? On Pearl, east of Hast of Simpson! | On Tallahatchee 1 On Yazoo & Mis, North of Warre i REMARKS, ne table of population is formed af- due consideration of the United s census of 1830, that of the state in ee | MISSISSIPEE Fy ee things now are, the sixteen new counties will be without senatorial power in the next legislature—a state of affairs as re- pugnant to our constitution as any other, The only remedy to it would be, tor those who brought it about to revise their acts of legislation, unless the new counties, are willing to forego their rights for the present, which our unfortunate position — requires of them to do. They alone have aright to complain. , the Auditors Reports, and a vari- if circumstances which. have con- d to increase our population at least Tr cent in less than five years, I ye the actual population is greater ] have stated in the table. It exibits } number of whites for Amite, Copi- reene, Jones, Lawrence and Perry he census of 1830, and a less num- ie blacks. for Greene, Jones and Per-! Jt wil] be recollected that some doubts in the same census. ‘The popula-| were entertained a few years ago relative , Mississippi, in 1840, will proba-}to our northern boundary, It was then iH but little short of HALF Aj} supposed that, if properly run, it would Te embrace Memphis. Tennessee was in- to the rapid increase of our num-| vited to co-operate with Mississippi, nd wealth and the various pomts which she was not inclined to do at the under which our state affairs| time, subsequently, when a gentleman nt themselves to thousands, | appointed by Gov. Brandon, had deter- strangers to the order of things mined the 35th degree of north latitude isted their immigration into to be a few miles souk of our old line, at also to the principles of our and Tennessee was likely to guin land, sy as combined with practice, sheran a line accordingly, and onr exe- gnt must be considered as a mo-| cutive was notified of it, but never con- Nierisis—one that calls upon our curred in its correctness. Governor Car- ens for the full exercise of their| roll of Tennessee then strangely assum. eand patriotism. Their good} ed that about 300 squate miles previously I doubt not, make them re-| included in Mississippi, were the proper- it is impossible, at present, for|ty of Tennessee. Strangely I say, be- ution of power to be made by cause the two States have never mutual- fof Arithmetic, and that there|ly agreed toit. Every thing has been where be an unequal represen-| ca‘parte. We ought therefore to insist, on Wis inequality, however, ow-) our boundary as it was, until lennessee | Als of legislation, will be great- will eoneur with us, in the choice. of a a, hould “be It was easy for) Suitable person to determine the 35th de- Aiur of 1833 to altach the new! gree of north latitude. The manner in some of the senatorial dis-! which our commissioner executed his du} th’ they bordered on. This} ty has never been made known to the added nothing to the senato- people, as it should have been, so that of each district, while it |competent persons might detect errors, enabled our new citizens to jif any in his mode of proceeding. That r constitutional right of suf- ‘there was error, I have but little doubt, As|when I reficct. that the Editor of the A- THE TENNESSEE LINE, lecting state senators. MISSISSIPPI. ——ES——————Se merican Almanac of 1835 has determined for actual observation, that even the lati- tude of Bostonis 3 miles less than that assigned by preceding able. observers; that of Baltimore, &.miles less; that. of Salem 3 less; and that of Halifax, N. S. has been recently determined to be 5 less than formerly. ‘he-same observer, I think, would place our line nearer Memphis than it ever was,.and for one, I should not object to both states select- ing that able individual to determine the position. ofthe 35th degree of North Latitude. Had our commissioner, with his same instruments, determined the 31t degree of North Latitude, and the Northern boundary of Tennessee in 36° 30‘, and found them correct, it would be proper for us to acquiesce in his results, which wenever did, and cught not. to, until we have some means of ascertain- ing that he went the right way.to work. Let us insist upon what we have a right to, and ask no more. The sooner our boundary is definitively, settled, “the! better. | | SKETCH OF THE COUNTIES. Adams, is bounded on the.-north. by Jefferson: east by the first Basis Meridi- an, east of the Mississippi which runs} northward and southward in longitude 14 .deg. 7 m. west of Washington,, arates it from. the county of Franklin; south by Homochitto, a river 300 miles long, which rises.in Copiah, and separ- ates it.from Wilkinson; and west by. the Mississippi river, which divides it. from partofLouisiana. It was first settled by the . French, in 1716. who expelled the Natch- ez Indians from it inthe year1731.. In 1763, it passed into the hands of the Eng- lish, together with a great portion of what is now the State of Mississippi, which’ the Spaniards possessed themselves of in ' or 91) deg. 9m. west of Greenwich,. and ape | 1779, and restored: to the Ameticans ia 1797. On the second day of April, 1799, Adams county was constituted by prot= lamation of Gov. Sargent. and : oldest in Mississippi. ted has ee oa into a county, on 1809. ; Atala, a new county, north; Winston east; Leake. Soni Holmes west. ee arapidly populating: new coup. ty,. has ‘Tallahatchee and Yalobusha ‘2 Choctaw east; Holmes south; and Washington west. : Choctaw, a new county, has Yalobushe and the Chicasaw nation on the north Oktibbeha east; Atala. and Wins °) i south; and Carroll west. Claiborne, has Warren. on the. nail Hiads and Copiah east; Jefferson so and the river Mississippi onthe west From Warren it is partly separated b’ the Big Black, a river 500 miles lon; and partly by. a line running nearly fro! east to. west, on the right bank of the ri er, to a-point nearly opposite Big Blac, islands cutting off a tongue of lan formed by the Bogasha creek, the Bi Brack and the Mississippi. It was erec# ed into a county, January 27th. 1802. - Clarke, a new county, has Lauder ‘dal north; Alabama east; Wayne south; an Jasper west. Copiah,, has Hinds on the north; Pez river east, which separates it from Sim] son; Lawrence and Franklin, south, ar Jefferson and Claiborne on the west. | was erected. into a county on the, 21st January, 1823., * t Covington, has Smith-north; Jones ead Harion and Perry south; and Lawrence ‘the west, containing not less than 648 Wquare miles. It was erected into a coun- ly February 5th 1819. 9 4 , y Franl:lin, is bounded on the ‘north by fferson and. Copiah; east; by Lawrence; ath, by Amite; west by Adams. It tereeted | in to @ county oon DecaiieHt Ist, 1809, 7 Greene, on | the east side of Pearl river, ig@as Wayne and Jones on the north; Ala- es east; Jackson and Hancock south; ar nd Perry west. It was erected into a Vounty, December 6th, 1811. orth latitude, has) Marion, Perry and kreene on the north; Jackson east; Lake Sorgne south, and the east bank of Pearl iver west, which separates it from Louis- . The French had settlements within is limits, in 1699. It was erected intoa ) ounty, December 18th, 1812. ) Hinds, has Madison north; Big Black hi hwest, which separates it from Yazoo nd hy, att Claiborne west; Copiah ' outh h, and Pal river east which ‘sepa- tes 3 it from Rankin county. In 1820, it (ut few white people. It now contains I'4re than any . other county. It was { necessitate rei, permitted to-send a repre- | Ri sntative tothe Legislature, contrary to 2 ie provisions of the Constitution. ‘ | Holmes, anew county, having the late ‘[thoetaw country north and east, the Ya- ton, northwest, and Madison southeast, a which it divided by the Big Black ver. _ It was formed, partly from. Yazoo, nd partly from the Choctaw eountry, | ti ebruary 19th, 1833 ca Jackson, has Green on the: north: > [ancock west; the Gulf of Mexico south nd Alabama east. It was earlier settled y jan any other part of the state, and be- hi ame a county December 18th 1812: if ) “med on the 9th of February 1821, and,, ancock, South of the 3lst degree of'| “to the Indians, and contained | ’ TOPOGRAPHY — \ a hs Jasper. a new county, has” Nashoba. north; Clarke east, Jones south, and Smith west. Jefferson, has Clatbohite one north; tho Mississippi river west; Adams and part of Frank! WP court, and Copiah east, It was formerly called Pickering, and received ils present name January 22nd | 1802, Jones, has Jasper north, Covington west, Perry south, and Wayne east. Kensper A new county, has Noxubbee and a corner of Winston north, Alabama, east; ' Lauderdale south, and Nashoba wes! Lauderdale, A new county, has Kem- per north; Alabama east, Clarke south, and Neshoba west. Lawrence, N county on both side of Pearl river, having Copiah and Simpson north; Franklin west; Pike and Marion south, and Covington on the east." Tt was erected into a county, December \22d 1814. Leake, A new county, has Atala north, Nashoba east; Scott south, and 6 ha | west. Lowndes, Formed February Oth 1931 ‘has Monroe north, Alabama east; Noxub- fiver, which separates it ee Wash-! bee:south, and Oktibbeha west, Matlison, Separated from Holmes. and. | Vazoo by the Big Black; having Hinds south; divided from Rankin by the Pearl, and bounded on the east by Leake. Form- ed January 29th 1828. Merion, Formed December 9th 1811, is on both sides of Pearl river; has Law- Louisiana and Hancock south; Jackson and part of Groene east, r Monroe, On both sides of the Tombeck- |hee, considered a part.of Alabama’ till 1821, when it became a county of Missis- sippij has’ a’temporary boundary. north and ‘west; Alabama east, and Lowndes south. Nashove, The largest of the new coun rence north; Pike on the west; part of. nee MISSISSIPPI, and Scott west. $3): Perry, south, and Jones west. aie, Noaubbee, A new county, has Lown-| Wilkinson, has Adams on the riortha des and a corner,of Oktibbeha north;| the Mississippi west, Louisiana south, praelhs) east; Kemper south, and Win- ae Amite “ie he nh prec from eA ge, ab ye ams, an ec yn Mrcsiyu X A aoe pin. & has the es Tone, 30th 1802. m9 v Lee F asaw nation north; Lowndes east; Win- ae ) ston and a corner of Noxubbee Southy and}: ele ang gccunt yaa ans Pera Ne ee, lai and Oktibbeha north; .Noxubbee east; Perry, Has Covington and Jones north; | none ae apd tiie i wp? Marion west Hancock and Jackson south, pe da an 1tpeee ee atiAdGiieun cidade has New Mississippi north + Pike, Formed December 8th 1811; has | ©21Tell and part of Chactoy Lawrence on the north, Amite wést; La. Tallahatehee west. south, and Marion east. / Rankin, formed Feb. 4th 1828, has| Washington by Yazoo Madison north; Scott'east, Simpson south, | ison by the Big Black;fas Holmes north. and the Pearl west, which separates it/¢@st, and Warren southwest. It was from Madison and Hinds. | formed Jan. 21st 1 ’ ; Scott, a new county, has Leake north; | Nashoba east; Smith south, and Rankin west. Simpson, formed Jan. 23d, 1824, has Rankin north;S mith east; part of Law- Tee th rence and Covington south; and the Pearl a al: west, which separates it from Copiah. Smith, a new county, has Scott north; by Charl Jasper east; Covington south,'and Simp-| ment of Son west. | sion tofprosecute the discovery and sub-| Tullahatehee, a new county, has New |jugatién of Florida. He had been one Mississippi north; Valobusha east: Car- of fe companions of Pizarro, and had roll south; and Washington west. It |/am@ssed with him, in Peru, a considera- is already an important county, for popu- b fortune. He was, perhaps, ambi- lation and wealth. ‘tious of finding some new empire to Warren, formed December 22d 1909; subdue, and of transmitting his name to reroic subjuga- has Washineton county and part of Yad future ages as one of the | zoo river north; the Mississippi river | tots of the New World. But, whatéve west; Claiborae South, and. is separatéd | may have been his views, it appears to, from Hinds by Big Black. Yazoo ots be quite certain that he equipped a con-| bounds itafew miles on the northéast,|Siderable army for an expedition into} Washinton, formed in 1828, las a|Florida. It consisted” of not less than teraporary boundary north, Tallahatchee |900 foot and 350 horse. With these he. and Carroli east; the Yazoo softheast; |set sail from Havana, on the 22d of May, Warren south, and the Mississippi west. ‘new style, in the year 1538, and, abort DE SOTO’ . % si | In 1537/Hernan de Soto was invested. J. of Spain, with the govern~ antiago de Cuba, with permis- 20 NESE the middle of June, landed in q'umpabaie then ‘called the bay of Espiritu Santo, or Holy Ghost. The following sketch of his adventures, which J have materi- ally corrected from the narration of Gar- \) cilaso de Vega, and the. versions ot others, may be ‘considered as tolerably Y] Having Janded his men, De Soto sent Pack his “large vessels, and took up his 4 ine af mare for the north, where he un- derstood t te were mines, At the very roan € natives seemed to dispute € inch, of the way; for apart of his cre attacked and suffered consider- “The first Indian village that he paabu was about 6 miles from the shore, and there he spent some days, un- ‘ail he was well prepared for his expedi- tion into the interior. At this time, there E were many villages in the Florida coun- f try; some of which were better known ‘by the names of their respective chiefs than by any other appellatives. Very ae of these contained more than from 3 5 hundred souls. They are proporly ack olla of the Choctaws, Here were i percer districts, or tribal teu Ngges em- SE le or female chiefs. uN 4, When Hernan de Soto, whorh some also. call Domingo, had penetrated nto | She was well received, and entertained with true Indian hospitality; being abun- dantly supplied with Zonchi (corn, ) and ‘sissi-nippt, (venison.) An Indian queen ade him considerable presents, said to Thave consisted of Pearls of immense velue. which do not, unfortunately for ‘the truth of the narration, happen to be found in this country. To this report, | however, Pearl river—the Nunxiwotya }will long retain as a memento of the ove of the marvelous that gave it. ithe interior, to the distance of 100 miles, | ‘of the Choctaws owes its name, which it | rection; | of the present state of Alabama, he march- TOPOGRAPHY. roeiestes nnn teeny ne 3 ells es Several im pe i or mingos oppos- ed the passage of the Spaniards through the country, but without effect against superior arms. Some of these, however, fell.into the hauds of the Indians, who battered them so as to make them flat, and converted them into bushpo, or knives, which they might have done‘in those days; for the barrels of the muskets of the 16th century were quite thin. De Soto is said to have had some pieces of cannon with him, wliich is very doubtful, except they were on board of his vessels. At length De Soto reached the Apa lachi ‘country to the mountains of which he sent'adetachment of men, who return- ed, bringing specimens of metals which were fliere to ‘be found, of which go!d was the most prominent, They repre- sented the mountains, where gold was to be found, as inaccessible and inhospita- ble, and besides, that the natives wonld probably harass them constantly. so that it would not be worth while for De Sote to proceed thither, Whether influenced by these reports or not, it is certain that Dt Soto penetra- ted no further in that direction. He re- turned towards the place of departure, taking fule in his way, from which a part of his men proceeded to aplace called Ochusi by the natives, which is the same as the Choctaw Ochuns, snipes, which to this day, abound there, and then oc- casionedits name. It is the place call- ed Panzacola by the Spaniards, which, with some little alteration, signifies in Choctaw, the Scalping people. De Soto now sentinformation to Cuba of the result of his expedition, and Collecting his men together at Aute, de- termined upon wintering there. arly in the spring of 1539, he resumed his march, at first, ina northwesterly di- passing on the eastern confines ed for \scme tirae nor’ierly, and then “MISSISSIPPI. vi northwesterly throiigh the ccuntry of the |Some of them on fire—more particularly Tsallakhees, or Cherokees, at that time {those used for the Spanish horses, of a warlike nation, almost ay populous as |Which 50 wete |consumed. The Spau- at the present day. was bounded by the Tennessee river on the north,—though, many years ago, Mr. |De Soto moved his camp to a spot cone Noah Webster, laboring under an error |Sidered more eligible, at the distance of which he subsequently acknowledged |3 or 4 miles. 5) % é with great. candor, not only carried ‘our |harassed by the Chicasaws, and: ‘the adventurer beyond the Ghio, but even to |number of his mén was soon considera Kaskaskia, on the river Oco, and made |bly diminished by the arrows of the ene- some of his men play a considerable part in the erection of the fortifications of “Ohio, ‘De Soto, on his return, proceeded southerly to Mobile, or Mabilla, passing through the tribes of Tushka Lusa, or Black Warriors, and Alabama,—neither ‘of which then mustered 500 warriors. The Indians at Mobile had, it seems, a sort of wooden fort to defend themselves in. ‘They were attacked by De Soto, and after suffering considerable loss, were compelled to give way. The veridical Garcilaso de Ja Vega reckons that the Mobillians lost, in defense of their town, at least 11,000 men! This is a greater number than the Choctaws had im the ‘height of their power, ot any other tribe north of Mexico is known to have been able to bring into the field. Such tales gerve to weaken our belief in the histo- rians of the overthrow of the empire of Anahuac. Garcilaso further says that more than one thousand women were burnt to death in one house!!! When De Soto had subdued the Mo- bilians, he proceeded northwardly to. wards the Chicasaws, in whose countr he spent the winter of 1540. In Ja ary, of the last named year, a party/of these Indians attacked him in the nj by torch light,—for it was towardg! the end of the month, according to thg new style, and about the time of te new moon. ‘The Chickasaws darted/arrowsa, with lighted pine knots at the did, upon De Soto’s progress iards lost about 40 men by this attack. Jed the Missis or Guazoya. the huts ofthe Spaniards, andthus ¢et bly a village of the Wasawshee, oj After tho attack of the Chicasaws, Still he continued to bo tei “be my, or by being taken prisoners, or uy ey desertion. Mia. th A At length, at'the beginj4g of April, 1540, Hernan de Soto reached the migh- ty Mississippi, which sore of his party named the Rio Grande, sr Grand ‘River The natives appear have called it Hushika oka, or Hushif oka, the water 0 the sun, which the Spaniards ‘eorrupted into Cicuaga, and pave handed down i their account of tle expedition. 4 It is stated thg De Soto first discover: pi at the lower bluffs, near Memphis/and a few miles north o the boundary/f the present state of Mis: sissippi. ese, indeed, are the only high landgon the left bank of the river till you wach those of the Walnut Hills, at Vickf/burg, so that, if De Soto saw the Mpsissippi in either April or May} ‘the river overflows its banks, i 1ave been at some point below thd mofth of the Yazoo, if not near Memphis. t perhaps, after all, the Mississippi en washed the high jands of our pre ent counties of Tallahatchee and Carroll, and that, at some potat in one of them De Soto first saw the Cicuaga, or Ri Grande.! me} Leaving speculation alone for the pre sent, it may be generally stated that De Soto desconded the Mississippi on rafts that ke caused to be constructed, visitin several places on both sides of the river one of which was called either Guacoya, If the latter, it was proba ee ss & ‘It was not till 1541, that De Soto, v ith his men, reached a position near, T opposite the mouth of Red River. eanwhile, hei east to havelbeen 7 | ing ‘the ‘country, or Aghting the natives. pe e time, it is said, Le.took the queen Nahatchee prisoner, who probably dwelt on the banks of the Tallahatchee. . she cafterwar S succeeded in escaping om ‘the Spt jards, and stirred up an op- position, against them, é ‘bout ‘the month of June, De Soto ened, » pérceiving his end ap- ching, appointed his Lieutenant, Don Lew: oseaso de Alvarado, to ueceed him in command of the forces emaining. He died about the tenth of | uly, new style, “in the 424 year of his ‘ge. _. His refrains were sunk near the eft bank of the Mississippi, and not far “yom | the mouth of Red ‘River, in latitude 419 north. His coffin was filled with {iullets, and, the teason assigned for its Jeing ‘sank was, that the lndiawe might either know of his death, nor be Able Jo find the body, ifthat knowledge could ot be concealed from them. Thus per- shed a man who had undertaken one of he most remarkable expeditions tecord- }din the annals of the Western World, jo which he had been chiefly impelled y the delusive hope of discovering the % aeans to toll in Bours Ww ealth, and “The celebrated re John Smith, yhose name is $o intimately associated Fith the history of Virginia, makes hention,of De Soto’s travels about 70 tears subsequent to his death, and does ot seem to doubt the version that had Yhet his eye. For this and other reasons, ‘uch reliance is to be placed upon the ertainty of De Soto’s having traversed he coustry bordering on the Mississippi; ut most of the adventures aacribed to TOPOGRAPHY. him wear an air entirely too fabulous to entitle them to belief. His continued marches, to and fro, appear to be nota little quixotical; yet his disappointed ex- pectations may be assigned as the cause why he tarried in the vain hope of dis- covering the mines, and subduing the nations which existed only in his dis- ordered fancy. If he was influenced, principally, in his expedition, by the ant bition of transmitting his name to after ages, his ambition will prove to be grati- fied; for, whilst the tide of the Mississtp- pi, and the tide of Time shall roll down- wards, the name and fame of Hernan de Soto will co-exist with them: Afterthe death of De Soto, Moscoso conceived the idea of reaching some of the inhabited parts of Mexico by land, and with this view ascended Red River at a low stage of its waters; He pene- trated into part ofthe present province of Texas, where he was. surprized to find cattle, by the natives called wale [pro- nounced walker] which, with the excep- tion of the final vowel, is the name they still bear amonglit the Choctaws, Chisa- saws, Creeks, Seminoles and other tribes; and doubtless derived from the Spanish vaca, signifying a cow in that laneuyage; for these tribes have the sound of our v. In consequence of seeing cattle a- mongst them, Moscoso called these abo- rigines the vagwreros, or cow keepers. He did not proceed much further, but con- cluded it best to descend the Red River and the Mississippi and seek Mexico by Water, Having arrived at the mouth’ of Red River, Moscoso is represented to have taken up his winter quarters near there, and during the month of January foilow- ing, of the year 1542, to have set his carpenters to work in order to fabricate suitable vessels for his contemplated voyage, Against him, whilst his work progressing, the neighboring chiefs or pistgees Sy Mingos leagued themselves, for fear, it is said, that, if he returned to the coun- try whence he came, he would cause others to come and drive them from their domains. ‘here are some evidences of hard fighting, at onetime or other, in that Reialitionheod, and particularly with- in 3 br miles of Fort Adams, but, whether these evidences justly refer to contests between the natives and Moscosc, is somewhat problematical. ‘The find- ing of some articles belonging to the Spaniards, in the vicinity of the place, would setthis matter to rights, and do away witha deal of incredulity. On the 4th day o July, 1542, Moscoso and his men were prepared to depart from their winter quarters, and having got on board their vessels. commenced descending the river. ‘They had, per- haps, reached a peint as low down as 3aton Rouge when they were attacked by the natives and suffered considerable joss; for they were nearly upon an equal- ity with the Spaniards who were now without powder, Besides, the army of De Soto had dwindled down toless than 300, owing to the contests they had been engaged in, to disease, and deser- tion. His horses were all gone through famine, slaughter or theft, and, in short, Moscoso, his successor had became al- most as feompletely derived of all the distinctions between civilized and savage life, as though he had never known them. On the 11th of July, new style, the Spaniards reached the sea of Mexico, and after runing great risks, were fortu- nate enough to reach a port called Paa- uco, distant 180 miles Mexico, to which they found easy access. Another accout, however, represents that the shattered remnants, of De Scto’s troops arrived at Cuba. This perhaps ought only to be considered as referring to the vessels he sent back thither after he had Janded in Florida, or to the ‘re- : | from the city of| doubt and feeb Oe: ply greater than what is evident from there pages, r nearly every thing® that. wore the ‘air of fable was rejected in order not to inst the judgment of a eel ACKNOWLEDGM I seize this epportanity. tp. aeknowl edge my obligations to the followii 1g gentlemen, on account of informati: q have obtained from, or th ough them, relative to the state. 1] Maj. John Pitchlynn, U.S, igeaea ter to the Choctaws; Col. Folsom. anc father; Win. G. Kendall, Esq, Col Leflore and. David T. Williams ‘of Carrall; ‘Mi Randal Gibson, Stephen Howard, Esq., Messrs. Templeton and Vick, of Warreng Gov. Brandon, Gen, Joor, Wn. Haile, Esq, and Wm. B. Haden, of Wilkinson; Thes. G. Ellis, and Messrs. Fletcher Holliday & Cason, of Adams; John Spyres, (formerly Choctaw Interpreter to Andrew Ellicott, E'sq.,) of Franklin. Gen. Dick- son, Maj. Peyton. Dr. § M. Puckett, and A, Veizer, of Hindi ar Joor, of Hancock; Ninian McCra Ba f Tallahatchee; Capt, John Bell, Sutveyo or General, of New Mississippi; Maj. C. B. Green, and D. W. Haley, of ‘Madison; he McRae, of Green, Eytany Benton, Esq. of Claiborne; Wm. - Sanders, of Lowndes; A. Duckworth, of i, and Philip B. Harrison, Esq. of Jefferso To many others 1 have polnowlede ments to make, when | publish my con= templated work on Mississippi, whic 1 ‘defer doing uhtil afier the next sess | of the Legislature, at which, I presume, New Mississippi will be laid off into counties. Meanwhile, I would be glad. receive further information relative the state. HENRY VOSE. | i . < SiO. © 0 0.0, O06 IO © O'.O'0 ‘Orie =O NOM OI’ SVS MOH OOO AWD as SU ES On uae OSes GID. oe a ae ee si: RR Sa ahs... Ponaeenates ca Ov R*St. Fravetl Island Bull Meta Horseshoe Bend. ,* Yazoo Pass “NORTH ° MISS’PI Island No. 62 > P/Nélson'a «Bluff Fa*lkland Tom. 4 8565 ARKAN Square Lake° Pontotock - Land® Office Cot, ton -ginp 34° SAS Island Ne. 69° Tillitoba**Coffeeville Moron & C 8545 W hite 4 Isle 75° TarLanatcues Yatosuswa Ath,ens <4. 853 “Arka in. R ; ° Choechuma }. oft {Pittsburg - Hamiltfon 8595 Sonal Bayou ° - Carrolton| Greens|borough Sjtarkvillet, Lowndes 8515, Wasnt NGTON Co°unry Garrozn Cuocraw OxripazyafColumbis * $505 ort Marion} «Arana Winstow NoxussentNashyille.. . $495 / Of: Lexington® C.H.* Loujisy. Mateon 9 , “33° Princeton ox» ‘Manch,§Benten Leake Nasifopa Kemerrn ™ 8475 Washington ° Yazoo Wormers C.§ H. De Ka$lb Z 8465 LOUISIANA °Wash’n Livtp. Canton i) _ $455 STATE ©WarrEn. Maprsox,Scorr C. H. Lavpreparn. / 8445, - Vieksburg°£ Livingston Rankin C.tH. C.§H. 8435 ° Raymond§ Jfackson §Brandon Nasiosa Lau 8425 * Warrenton°* Hinps Smirn JaspxEr CrarkE 9 ss 39° Grand Gulfo* Crarne Corran Sinp’n ° C.$H. CEH. 8405 Port Gibson £ Gallatint C,H. Cov’ron Jonxs Warne: ALA: 8395 Fayette Je°r’n§. Lawrener Wm’sb. Ellis§y Winch§ester BA 9385 Natchez°§ §Wa Firanxiin. Mon§te. Perry MA ST. 8375 Kingstont Mead§y. Augus§ta 9365) «© Avams,°Cty. Witx. Amir. Pree Marron Perry) Grrene "8355 Woodville§ Libertty Holmestv Colum$bia Leake§v BOUISIANA LINE, LAT. 31° HANCOCK JACK Shieldsboro”? SON i Pearlington C,H. ! This © mark indicates the river, and all others GULF &c. the situations of ‘the nearest named places.. as ¢ : \ 2 va j « ae tae 4 ay! eh MAA (iy ia heme nG) aa hire i 18