. ilirHijinl'iMf'ui.uUn iiuniMinin'niMiM'"*"!' ' ltMH>M IHlhill tj llllt' iMtlHllJI HIIIMIHMIIIMI iiutMniMrMH |k> III Mlil^Mll d'niinniiiMjl lllllll li I 111m "111! I ;; p UllMI'M" lll!ll!l!!i!lii«lll .lilillilSjilllilil'liilllllSllllllllil I 'iiiiiiiiiiiiiilEi iiiii S^^^^^^^^^^ £. 7 pi;;riiiliilii;iil! 111!! 'iiw "^^ n;ii!;iiii|ii:ii;r,;i 1' liiwiiiii"iii! 1^^ 'iiiiiiiiliii i. ililliliiliiii A mnY f FTNE NEI OF ABEMEER - ANIUS (AnLE Fr«iilM3ttl993 iSifMi'-MltJii'ruHTintlir^irit.ig :;\'r''';:::i^p-:-'':P»'»W^ ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 1924 074 099 684 DATE DUE GAYLORD PRINTED IN U.SA '■^J w/ Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924074099684 A HISTORY OP THE HEATHERTON HERD ^ OF ABERDEEN— ANGUS CATTLE. Prom 1883 to 1903. THE PROPERTY OP JOHN S. GOODWIN, Chicago and Napervllle, 111. Copy from-- 1903 The W. P. Dunn Company Printers. THE HEATHERTON HERD. Every business long since has come to have Its own vocabulary, "amiliar enough to those who are past masters of the afct, but terri- ly jonfusing to the beginner. Even so simple a calling as the breeding': of ;attle presents a perplexing .array of terms and of differentiations, 'erhaps the greatest msistery to the beginner is the right understanrllnc )f families, tribes and groups. That these difficulties are more appar- ent than real may be readily be made to appear, but at the same time lany of the terms are relative and not fixed. Take as a tex^, the formation into a breed of the Polled Aberdeen- ^gus cattle, the name being colloquially ;:^r tenccl to Tolled Angus or aore frequently to Angus. Remember also that there is no breed of Red Polled Angus, although occasionally a "sport" appears having a peculiar red color. Impurity of blood is not indicated- by this color nor by white aarkings. Off colors are simply a"harklng back" to the old times \Then breeders were not so persistent as they now are in seeking to get the solid black color. Origin of the Breed. - Many breeders in ea,stern Scotland for years had been raising black, hornless cattle. The hornless condition express- ed by several words; thus, Muley, Polled. Dodded (from v^hich comes the Scotch term "Doddle"), Humble ("Humlies"), have exactly the same meaning which is wanting or without horns. These hornless or polled cattle reproduced themselves so faithfully that they becarae known, as a Breed. The Century Dictionary defines breed to be "a race of cattle having an alliance by nativity and some distinctive qualities in common, which are transmitted by heredity." In commencing a herd book, those engaged in that purpose accepted for registry as pure-bred Polled Angus-or-Aberdeen cattle (the name agreed upon for this breed because those tv/o shires in Scotland furnished the majority of thesecattle) all animals offered which could show, to the satisfaction of the committee, a right to be known as of that breeds. After a reasonable time had elapsed, it was de- cided to receive- no more foundation stock and to accept tliereafter for registry only the descendants of those animals already recorded. Tliis divides the cattle into two broad classes, foundation stock and descend- ants of foimdation stock. The exact number of the former could be obtaiH ed by examination of the herdbooks, but perhaps embraced some 3,000 females. Origin of Tribes.- Every one of these females, if she left female descendants, became the foundation cow, the ancestress of a Tribe. The Century Dictionary defines a tribe to be "cattle having a comiaon female ancester." Of course many of these first cows left so fev/ progeny and t -- the breed suffered so greatly from devastating diseases in its early days that only a small ■proJ)ortion of them have really been the foundresses of tribes, and occasionally the only daughter or only gra.ndd aught er of the first recorded cow is made the tribal cow, as happens in the case of Black Meg and her granddaughter ^ueen Mother, It is customary not to go beyond the records of the herd book in seeking the tribal cow; but occasionally, as in the case of the famous families of the Ericas and the Jilts, the records not incorporated in the herd book show their comiaon origin and the one is often mentioned as of the same tribe as the ojther. Origin of Families, - But as the number of descendants of the foundation females increased some one or more became marked or promin- ent in their spheres — either themselves developed into animals of more than ordinary merit or produced a number of offspring which took high rank, or at least became distinguished in some way from the common herd. Page i'2. and It then "became desirable to differentiate them from "their sisters and their cousins and their aunts'.' Thus we hrve a "v/heel within r. .; leel" and this- smaller wheel is called a"famll7." The Century T)ictionary defines a family (frequently used figurativsly with re-prd to animals") to be"parents and children." In cattle the female line^marks the ^amily descent, as it appears by reference to the Gentury "dictionary definition of tribe above quoted. ^ uoaieut's consideration \7ill show the reason for this coivlltion. The tendancj; is always toward fizlwy of definition, i.e. when a- condition is defined that it should stay defined and not be subject to continual change, and the tendancy is always to sesresate, i.e. to the separating of a whole into its coinnoaent parts. ITow i'' the descendants of bulls were to be taljen as constttutin,c^ families, there would of course be just as many families as there were foimdation stock bulls, the sameas is now true of the foundation cows; but when one re- members that a bull may have Cifty calves a year and in ten years have five hundred of his tribe, it is readily seen that there is little sec- ' regatlon in such a course. In shoj-t the unit is notthe bull, vrtxich r:.b- have fifty wives and fifty cplves a year, but the cow ^iich can have but the one calf a year- It is for these reasons Hhat the ultimate result of the segregation leaves the cow as the i-Liit ,and because the faiaily produced by the cow ohrn^-s more sLiwly, is more easily determin- able, Is more fixed than the group produced by the bulls) that the cow and not the bull has been selected as the fomadatlon for the tribe s:a^.- her female descendants as the family cows, '"n.iether these reasons are Sood or not Is ^'^questioh .not worth discussing; whether the bull does more for his offspring than the dam is not the question; the custom of naming cattle families after the cow and not after the bull is a fixed custom and the breeder who wastes his time in leveling his shafts ^-^ ridicule at the question is merely fighting against fate. It thus . . follows that no animal Is a me^iber of that particular family unless it is a descendant of the family cow, not even a descends.nt of her full sister nor of her sons being recognized as "one of the family", but there may be as many families In any ti-ibe as there are animals fit to deserve being dignified by the name of a"famlly", for without yich special fitness they are simply described as members of the tribe. As an example we may take the case of Beauty of Tillyfour 5nd, This cow had three daughters: two. Jilt and Ruth, were full sisters; the third , was Miss Watson. Each of these daughters, of the same tribe, has founded a family, but the members of each family are as clannish as though the tribal cow were not the saae, and under no circujastances does a Ruth become a Jilt or a Miss ^7atsom become a Ruth. Thls"foundlng a family" is what most perplexes a beginner. Probably the most complimentary thing to say would be to assert that the Aberdeen- Angus families in Scotland have been and are built on merit, and that perhaps the generally recognized families of the breed might .. not exceed from seventy-five to one hundred in number, the rest of the breed being siuply "cattle", --have iiever produced any results sufficient to rise above the lowest level. It is wonderful wlthwhat unanimity the ScotMi breeders have duiaped these cattle on the American importers. The animals of the Aberdeen-Angus breed which have been sent to America in Twenty years have been probably to the extent of ninety percent, the descendants* of those cattle which could not or did not riae above the competition in Scotla.nd and their owners were willing to discard them. Beyond dispute, the leading families of the breed are the Erica, Jilt, Pride of Aberdeen, Blackbird, Heather Bloom and Zara; and. perhaps two Trojan-Ericas, one Jilt, half a dozen brides, five Blrckbirds, three or four Heather Blooms and one Zara will cover all of these lerrling Scotch families which have been brought to America in the first twenty years of the breeds existence in this country, ^ith the Blackbirds, the Zaras Pa~e If3. and also the Heather Blooms American breeders have far exceeclecT what the Scotch "breeders have been able to do v/ith these families, and it only goes to indicate where the breed might have been had American breeders started with the best-tred instead of the plain-bred cattle whic-i were unloaded on them in the early days. It is just as easy to have a herd of Prides, Blackbirds and the like as it Is to have a lot of no-family cattle, if the breeder only starts right. Put because of the start American breeders made, and of the fact that so many of the cattle im- ported had not acquired the merit of distinct*. ve family names, the question is now asked over and over by the owners of their descendants: "To what family does this or that cow belong?" Like the mule, they have no pride of ancestry, but unlike Ixlm they do have a hope of posterijiy, and inasmuch as they belong to the "great unlcnown" probably the ':est method of naming and creating families (In all cases where animals do not descend from recognized families in Scotlanc) would be for American breeders to accept the Imported females as the foundress of tribes of American-bred "doddies", and to use their names as the family names, omitting, however, the uncouth Scotch farm additions which are so often attached to these animals' names. Of couBse descendants of recognized families may retain their family name and prestige, but the plan above suggested gives every animal a fresh start in the race for supremacy on this side of the water. The rest of the planls also easy. Build up the American families by the use of good bul''s — preferably of the older and recognized faaillies--and also by the use of good names. nomenclature. - Tlie method suggested — the adoption of the imported cow as the tribal or family cow-- gives a starting point for the build- ing up of a new family. Then one of the most irapoptant questions is, What names should be used on the descendants? The answer begins with a series of "Don'ts," Dont tack the farm name or your ovrn name on the animal. We are not breeding farms or persona! T7e should keep our own names for our own children and keep our farm names for the benefit of the Rural Route. Let us all treat our calling as a dignified one, v/orthy of our i ^, best and highest thought. Facetiousness is all right in its place, but it is downright cruelty to animals as well as an insult to our profess- ilan to dub a wobbly calf Floppy, as was done by a Scotch bre'feder, especially if it is sl->"3'.1 by Jaji. Tlils is actually the pedigree-- "Floppy by Jam." Don't haire any Stumpy Janes, Cant-hook Carrotys or ■^roz.en-ear Busters. A breeder' s "life is wrapped up in his cattle. Think of McGombie of Tillyfour escorting the Queen of England thru his stables, presenting each cow to the queen until he came to his pet, the famous Chailotte. He could not humble that cov^ by treating her as inferior even to the Queen and to his Monarch's amusement he exclaimed: "Charlotte, this is the Queen." Suppose he had said, "Floppy, this is the Q,ueen!" Again returning to the first don't. Don't use your farra name or your own name. The latter course is so inexcusable, so ujidignlf iod, that nearly all progressive breeders have long since dropped it. It is right- fully or wrongfully, considered a mark of a kind of conceit which should have no place in a breeders makeup. The farm name is objectionable from every standpoint. It is too long and burdensome. An ordinary. cow ruight go dry in the time it would take to send after "Chuzzlev^if s Lady Tane of Windmill Hill", This use of the farm name has come to an intolerable point v/ith American breeders. Look dov/n the index of the el-evsnth volunn of the Herd Book and see the great numbers of cattle burdened v:lth the farm name and then think that whoever owns them must print that name every time he catalogues that animal, thus advertising the "breeders farm long after the breeder ceases to have any claim to the animal, and Page ;"4. to each of the descendants he may give his own far-u name and so on for a fe?7 generations, and where does it lajid us? In a fev; years we v;11t have pedigrees that rend something like this: (all these names are taken from the herd boo'^) 1st dam White Cloud Crescendo "by June Bu- 5nd dam Crescendo of Graraana Park T.y lLio::^unted Improvement 3d dam Sangamo Crescendo by I"o. 1? of Sprinr, Brook 4th dam Vernon Prairie Crescendo by Beacon Llrht of Cottomvood 5th dam Snowmound of Burr by Ice Slide of Hennessy Every one to b.ls own taste, but it seeias to me that this is leading us to a ridiculous point. However, it is not sufficient to tear dovvTi; one nust offer Boae- thing better or else let the present systtm stand. Compare the forego- ing pedi-ree with a pedigree from one of tha leadln^;, Scotch herd.s and the criticism is aptly illustrated: 1 st dam Echo by Juryman 2nd dam Eisa by Trojan 3d dam Erica by Cupbearer 4th dam Emily by Old Jock 5th dam Beauty ^"/hat better plan than that used by so many breeders can be offered The art of rhetoric teaches that every v7ord must perform txjo functions: "In the first place, it names something in such a vray as to identify it; in the second place, it suggests with it a very subtle and variable set of associated ideas and emotions." How can this definition be made to fit the naming of cattle? It means that the name must first identify the animal — male or female. Then this name should carry with it a vs-r- lable set of associated id8as--that is to say, it should indicate the farm or breeder, the family to which the animal belongs and her relative position in the family. It is easy enough to say IIlss '^snni; Fyvie Flower of Walnut Timber, but can the ov/ner of the Walnut Timber farm adopt a plan by which one word or tT/o at uost will name the animal, oug^est her family, indicate the particular branchand at the same time disclose her breeder? It seems to me that it can be done by taking thought, especially in as small an association as our own whwre the numberrof cattle is co.a- paretively limited. In :r.aking answer,' I can only 3::plain ny own system, not as being perfect but in the hope of its meeting witli the approval of the other breeders and being improved upon by then. The same rules ?/hich have been applied to Jjhe few families In .iij own herd will hold good in any herd. Here is ay system of making a name do extra v/ork. Black b irds.- - Examination of tlio ',13rd book showed thi'ee branches of this fa..nily, descendants of Blackbirds ^viC , 3'd, and 4tL. To disting- uish between these tlaree I decided to call the first branch Blackwood, the second Blackcap and with the third to retain the name Blackbird. The first name was s^dopted "just because" and. all by that name have since been sold from the herd; the second as Blacliblrd Idt's only descen- dants (one exception) in Aaerica came thi'u her daughter Blackcap, end the third because I had imported Blackbird 4th myself and had br.en re- taining the Blackbird name v;ith the proper num^rpls for her descendants. Breeders who kept informed did not heed tosee either the name of my farm or my own name to know, every time he saw one of those names, that it was the name of an animal of a certain branch of a certain fatiily and that it was bred by me. The males had some short masculine name follov/ing the branch name. i Page //^5. Ericas. — The system of naming this family is fixed so I simply rollowed the custom of selecting a short euphonious name commentrlng with It!"" G-eorginas» — Moonshine was the foundation cow la my herd. ^ler des- sendants were Moonf lower, Moonray, Moonbeam, Moonaist. We omitted Lloon- syed; the cattle v/ere too decent to be given that name. Heather Blooms. --In- this family the name is so similar to that of ay herd- -Heatherton- -that I plaed guilty to brea.king over the rules lereln laid down and have namei the descendants Ileathertonia, 2nd, 3v , and so on. Jilt3 «--I adopted the plan of taking the family name with the addition of numerals. The bulls are given whort names coromenclng ^/ith "Jl' Miss Wa t sons. — In this family, also, the name of the foundress aas been taken and the descendants distinguished by numerals. Nosegays. --I commenced numbering, but conflicting with Scotch lumbers'^ I adopted the Latin numerals and the descendants became Il'.^segay Prima, Secunda, Tertia, Quarta, etc. !To one else has this plan. It marks the animal as plain as my o^vn name and farm name could ^o. Prides of Aberdee n. --Th^ full name Was retained v/ith numbers to ilstinguish. It is harderr'to remember the numbers and they conflict with the Scotch numbers, but it seems the best plan or rather the only one. The "K" Prides in ray herd, from Key of Paris, the imported cow, were first called Kenwood, Kensington, Kankakee, etc., but tlien ve returned to the "Key" with the resulting Key of St. Eouis, Key of New York, Key of Chicago. Other females of this K" branch, not descending from the first cow so imported by me, are given "K" names G-reek Rosebuds. — This was a family predetermined upon. Rosebud of Daugh 5nd was purchased to founda family. Her first daughter was called 5,ueen of the Rosebuds, but then a systec^ of nomenclature was decided u^jon and the Board of Directors permitted me to change her name to Rosebud Alpha, her sisters being Beta, G-amma, Delta, the geeek alphabet being used, and just now twenty years later, I have reached Rosebud Onsga, the last letter in the alphabet. The greek Rosebuds do not need my name for identification. Ruths of Tillyf our . --I simply returned to the name of the first C0V7 of this family and am adding the numerals to distinguish the liieiribers. Zaras. — The females have the numbers, not conflicting with anyone else; the bulls are named Zaire v this business in. Western Kansas, and after five years of drouth and losses, the G-oodwin Park herd was moved from Belolt, Kansas., to Hilliary, 111., where it remained for two years, and was then placed on shares with Mr. M, A, Judy of West Lebanon, Ind. , and the name Heatherton was selected for it. Its motto had long since been the famous line of Hugh Watson of Keillor — "Black and all Black, the Angus 'Doddle' and no surrenderl" And from the prairies of Kansas to the Atlantic Ocean; from Minnesota to Texas for two decades the show yards have known and honored the "doddies" from the Heatherton herd. Page j^9. In June 1902 a termination of contract was had with Mr. Judy under whose care the herd had reached Its highest reputation and the cattle were removed to Blue Island, about 20 miles south of Chicago. In the fall of 1902 the magnificent Ellsworth estate at Naperville, Ill.» was purchased. This property, twenty-eight miles west of Chicago, was acquired "by Mr. Lewis Ellsworth from the government in the thirties, and while a place of great natiiral beauty it had been made still more attractive in the possea- slom of his fajnily from which the title had not passed until this purchase and in January of this present year the Heatherton herd was removed to its permanent home, only half a dozen blocks from the depot, its proximity to the station affording unequal ed facilities for inspection from Chicago. As it is a generally accepted saying that the bull is half the herd, it may be of interest to review the animals selected for use from time to time during the past twenty years, for the herd is composed now of their blood to a very large extent. Bulla used in the Herd.- Judge 473, the World Beater, by Scotsman out of Jilt, was purchased in 1884. He was the second of that remarkable trio of bulls Juryman, Judge and Justice, whose show yard records have never been equaled in the breed. Judge, which was named "The World Beater" from having won the Grand Gold Medal at the Paris World's Pair in I878, dl4d July, 1884, while in use in this herd. He won second prize at the Highland in I876: first at Elgin, first at Balllndalloch and silver cup for best bull. In 1877, first and Highland Society's medal at Elgin, first at Dufftown and third at the Highland. In 1878, first prize and Gold Medal at the Paris Exposition. In 1881, first prize at Montreal, Canada; and in I882, first prize and sweepstakes at Toronto, and also first prize, sweep- stakes medal and gold medal for himself and herd at Kingston, Canada. His sire, Scotsman, by Jim Crow 3d out of Zara, won the first prize at the Highland in 1872. In 1873 he won the second prize at Sterling, first at Balllndalloch and first at Inverness. In 1874 he won the third prize at the Highland and the second at Aberdeen. In 1875 he won the first prize at Elgin and second at the Highland. After the death of Judge and to succeed him Justice 854, the Incomparable, three times first and champion of the Centenary Highland Society Show in 1884, was secured and imported for this herd. He was by the famous Elcho and his dam also was a Jilt, the "Mother of Monarchs." His sire 31cho was a son of the champion Juryman, the first of that famous trio of Jilt bulls,, 'and was out of Erica herself. In addit- ion to his Highland Society winnings Justice won the first prize , the Society' s Challenge cup and the McCombie prize atthe Royal Northern in 1882. He defeated Prince Albert of Baads at the Centenary— the only time that bull ever met defeat. Justice weighed 3,100 lbs. and was one of the best bulls ever produced by any breed. Upon the death of Justice Abbotsford 2702 was seiectedi The desire was to purchase his sire. Ermine-bearer, but Mr. Mossom M. Boyd declined to price him, offering, however, the choice of any of Ermine -bearer' s sons at a price to be named by the purchaser. The telegraphed reply was: " We have twenty-nine bulls in our bams now. Do not want a bull — want a stockgetter. Will take any Ermine-Bearer son at your own price if guaranteed breeder of extra stock, Abbotsford preferred." Mr, Boyd recommended this bull and he was prompt- ly installed as Lord of the Harem. He was a thrice Trojan-Erica-topped Balllndalloch Coquette biai and developed into a magnificent individual, thick fleshed, a good handler and an easy keeper. But it was as the sire of a remarkable lot of animals that his fame chiefly rests, altho he was practically uhdefeated in the show ring. Blackbird Knight, Black Abbot, Black Monk, Black Magic, Blackbird 8th, Zara 4th, Jilt 3d, Rosebud 3ta, Cecil F, and Dorcas P. are a few of the excellent ones sired by him. All of his calves carried such a wealth of flesh and such constitutions that to Abbotsford must be given the credit of "making" the herd. Page #10. To use upon his heifers Erica Chieftain 15498, the most perfect specimen of the concentration of TroJan-Erlca blood ever produced, was imported. He was got by Erroll, which bull was a son of the Erica bull young Viscount, the Undefeated bull, and out of a double Trojan-Erica cow. Erica Chieftain's dam was Eulalia, a daughter of the Erica-topped Jilt bull Justice, and her dam was by Judge out of Eisa, the Trojan daughter of Erica herself. Unfort- unately, Erica Chieftain met with an accident which ended his usefulness shortly after importation, but such cowsas Jilt 4th, Jilt 5th, Rosebud Xi, and Blackbird 10th, dam of the $2,050 cow Blackbird 14th, demonstrate the correctness of Judgement which led to his selection. Black Monk 13214, the son of Abbotsford out of the Erica-topped im- ported cow Blackbird of Corskie 4th, was then placed at the head of the herd and the show yard career of his progeny Zara 5th, Blackcap King, Blackbap 8th and others has not been excelled. At the g©eat Illinois- State Pair in competition open to all breeds, Zarilda 2nd, showing 6ne calf by Abbotsford and one by Black Monk, and Blackcap 5th showing two calves by Black Monk won first and second over all breeds for produce of cow, while the sweepstakes for the get of a bull fell to Black Monk not only then but at other leading fairs. Blackbird Jim 17564, by the imported Jilt bull Jim Jams out of Black- bird Lassie, daughter of Blackbird of Corskie 2nd, another |2,050 cow, was used with good success on the Black Monk and Abotiford females, one of his daughters being Blackbird 13th, dam of the champion bull Black Wood- lawn; and then Emulus 20417, a TroJan-Erica-topped Trojan Erica bull, was used for a sholJt time to assist Black Monk and leiftt some superior stock in Key of New York, Blackcap 16th, Ruth of Tillyfour 5th, and Zara Ifth. In fact Trojan-Erica blood has nicked well with this herd fromthe beginning. A number of young bulls bred in the herd were used from time to time on a few females* Among them were John Grant 18481, a son of Black Monk out of the Blackbird-topped Jilt cow Jilt 2nd, Blackbird 11th, Jilt 8th, Rosebud Omicron and others of his get developed into great cows and splendid breeders. Zaire 8th 18484, by Black Monk out of the famous Zara matron Zarilda 2nd, was the sire of Key of Chicago which sold at public sale for #1000 and which has made a grand record both as a show cow and as abredder, and Nosegay Quarta, distinguished as one of the best milkers of the breed, Zaire 10th 24467, by Blackbird Jim out of the Abbotsford cow Zara 4th and Zaire 12th 30108, by the champion Blackcap King also out of Zara 4th, one of the grandest cows of the breed, have sired some extra good stock and are still doing duty at the head of herds. Black Monarch of Emerson 30331 was purchased at the Evans dispersion sale in I899. He descends from Blackbird of Corskie 4th thru her daughter Blackbird 6th, which was imported by me along with her dam for this herd. His get. Rosebud Omega, Ruth of Tillyfour 6th, Blackcap l9th. Blackbird 2* Blackcap Judy and a whole host of others bear witness to the wonderful success he has had mated with females of the Heatherton herd. Ihen Mr. Judy brought over his first importation the greatest inter- est centered in the Highland Society champion Prince I to 5OOO6, by the Trojan-Erica biill Eltham out of a Pride of Aberdeen daughter of Justice descending from the Mulben strain of the Prides of Aberdeen, Prince Ito had twice won the highest honors at the Highland and was- in all respects a wonderful animal. His record breaking price #9,100 at the I9O2 sale is familiar to all. He has left some very superior calves in the Heatherton herd. When Prince Ito was selected by Mr, Judy as his own bull, he secured for me a companion bull Page 11. Equester 50215, (recorded In Scotland as Eastneuk) , perhaps the strongest Trojan-Erica bull living to-day. He was sired by the Highland champion Equestrian, one of thefew bulls which have defeated Prince Ito, out of the Highland Society prize winning cow Erica Fairy, a daughter of the Erica bull Ebony Erica. Equesters grandam was also a daughter of a Trojan-Erica bull, Esquite, a Highland Society champion. The other-sires in Equester' s pedigree are the Zara bull Paris, the "K" Pride bull King- maker and the Jilt bull the champion Juryman, and he springs from Eisa by Trojan,, the best of Erica breeding. While it is too soon yet to speak of his calves, he has a large number to his credit and they promise to devel- ope into a very superior lot. He is exceptionally good in the shoulders and fore ribs, perhaps the best Angus bull in that respect the breed has ever known. He was sold in I9O3, for the reason that the herd was not large enough to require two aged bulls and for various reasons the post of honor had been given to a bull bred in the herd and undefeated by any bull of any breed. This Is Blackcap King 22652, a son of Black Monk out of Blackcap 5th. She is a daughter of the Zara biiLl Megantic, (erroneously entered in the herd book as Megantee) out of Blackcap 2nd, the full sister to the famous Black Knight, and of the Blackbird of Corskie 3d strain. He gave wonderful prom- ise n^ien a calf and was fitted for a showyard career. At twelve months of age he weighed I3OO lbs. and had already placed twenty-eight first prizes and sweepstakes to his credit. As a two-year-old he added further laurels to the reputation of his sire Black Monk and reached the height of his fame when he stood at the head of the herd which won the grand champion- ship over all breeds at the Illinois State Pair in I897, the only time the honor has fallen to a herd of Aberdeen-Angus cattle. The same day he was sold to Mr. A. P. Grout who sent him back to the Illinois State Pair in 1898 where as a three-year-old he repeated his previous performances and won the blue. Since then he has not been shown. In I9OI Blackcap King was bought from Mr. G-rout and sent to Mr. Judy's farm where the cattle remain- ed for still another eighteen months and the stock he has sired in the herd, (as witness the champion Kentucky bull Zaire 15th), indicate that on the Black Monarch, Black Monk, Erica Chieftain, Abbotsford, Emulus and other females In the herd he will make areputation equal to that of his sire and grandsire. He retains his vigor unimpaired and in his ninth year is as fresh and smooth as a three-year-old. Whether any other herd in America or in the world can show a list of sires of such outstanding merit may well be left to the decision of Aberdeen-Angus breeders; but in the list of fifteen bulls, covering twenty years' time , such care has been used in their selection that not one single drop of the blood of any of the diseased, homed, discredited or unfashionable animals has been introduced into the herd. The range of selectionH has not been limited and Blackbirds of all three branches. Coquettes, Trojan-Ericas, Jilts, Prides of Aberdeen and Zaras have been used as best judgement indicated; and it id respectfiAlly suggested that a herd conducted for twenty years on these lines may well afford a sup- erior class of bulls to be placed at the head of pure-bred herds of high standing , Families Maintained in the Herd .- The "crowning victory" of the Aberdeen-Angus cattle at Paris in I878 turned the attention of the cattle breeding world to the "doddies", which had fifteen representatives pres- ent in a contest with sixty-four other breeds, and every one of the fifteen was awarded either a prize ticket or an "honorable mention." Wm, McCombie of Tillyfour exhibited eight head; Sir George Macpherson Grant six head and Mr- Bruce one. Among the families represented were the Jilt, Pride of Aberdeen, Zara, Erica, Mayflower of Easter Tulloch, Tillyfour Sybil and Kate of Baads (which family produced the wonderful Page #12. frlnce Albert of Baads, said tfc have been the best bull the breed ever produced). This is the blood which made the breed famous. The student of jingus hifltDyy will note how little of this blood the early importers broughi over and how much of "the other kind" they did import. However, among these importations was one of "the good kind", Blackbird of Corskie 2nd, the Highland Society champion cow of 1879, and the career of her family only illustrates what might have been done by the beeed had it been given a right start instead of having to wait nearly twenty years before coming into its own. The result, however, of very considerable study of the sit- uation led to the selection of certain families for this herd and they are herein enumerated, with the origin given and reasons for their selection. Blackbird of Corskie. — Captain Carnegy maintained a herd of Aberdeen-Angus cattle at Craigo. Among the animals in his herd was Lady Craigo. Another cow, purchased from HUgh Watson of Keillor, in calf to a bull bred at Balwyllo produced a bull calf which was named Craigo, This animal was mated with Lady Craigo and then at Captain Carnegy' s dispersion sale in I856 the bull Craigo was sold to Sir George Macpherson G-rant and his name appears in the pedigrees of the Ballindalloch Crequettes and Nosegays. The cow Lady Craigo was sold to Robert Walker of Montbletton and produced to this service of Craigo a heifer which was named Mayflower of Montbletton, aftery wards the second prize cow at the Highland in 1861. Mated with the Earl, second prize bull at the Highland in I859, she produced Mayflower 2nd, which afterwards won first prize, silver medal and challenge cup at Keith, and was first at Aberdeen the same year as one of a pair of cowb. Mayflower 2nd had a number of waives, but bred to Black Diamond she produced Lady Ida, which cow had a wonderful career in the show yard and as a breeder. Her second calf by the Zara sire Squire was her best daughter and was the now famous Blackbird of Corskie, a prixe winneift at the Turriff show, at the Royal Northern and at the Highland, With such a prize winning record it is not to be wondered at that her first daughter should prove to be a Highland Society champion and that all three of her daughters should be breeders of wonderful stock. Her fourth daughter, Blackbird of Corskie 5th was by flhallenger, a magnificent individual of the Pride of Aberdeen family but which became diseased and imparted his infirmity to many of his get, this cow among others , so that she died after producing one heifer which lived to have a bull calf and then both the dam and the calf died, the disease being transmitted to the fourth generation. Just before my herd was founded, Blackbird of Corskie 2nd had been imported and sold, bringing |2,050. A daughter brought #1,550, and Black- cap, a daughter of Blackbird of Corskie 3d brought 12,000. With such a prize winning and price making record it is readily seen why the first cow imported for this herd was Blackbird of Corskie 4th. The following tables will indicate the line of descent and will show the representatives in this herd to-gether with as many of the other descendants as the space will permit. The record of the bulls used in the herd further indicates the high favor with which the family is regarded. In these tables all of the collateral branches are omitted as this feerd has only representatives of the Blackbirds. Page #13. BLACKBIRD 2nd BRANCH. Lady Cralgo I ■ "'• -on Mayflower of Montbletton I Mayflower 2nd I Lady Ida Blackbird of Corskle Raglan of Up- per Boyndie. Blackbird of Corskle2Jby ^ohn Bright. Bl'k'd of Bl'k'd of Black Corskle 3d Corskle 4th Standard, by Major by St. Clair, of Bognle. Battlement . I Blackb'd of Corskle 5th by Challenger (extinct) Blue Ribbon, Challenger. Benefit , Benefit 2nd, by Challenger. 1 Blackbird of Hillhurst, Young Hero- ~n Raven . Black Beauty . Bl^Jc'd Lassie by Bismark 2nd. Blackdird Prince. Lady Blackb'd by Rover Blackbird of Paris, by Paris 3d. Blackbird of Compton and, by Waterside Jlmmie. I Blackb'd Wellington 2nd, by Young Wellington. Blackbird of Cloverland 6th, by Key of the West. Blackbird of Woodlavnn 2nd, by Black Abbot. 1 ' Bl'k'd Jim by Jim Jams Bl'k'd of Woodlawn 6th, by Moon Eclipser. Bl'k'd Lassie 7th, by Black Woodlawn. Black Lassie Belle, ty Bell's Eclipser. Page #t4« BLACKBIRD 3cL BRANCH. Blackbird of Corskle 3d Blackcap BasAito. BusHman, Buahi»anser. Black 'Jewel, Provost by by Black St. Clair Justice Waterside Blackcap . Blackcap 2d Black by Knight Knight of St. Pat rick. Blackcap 5th fey Megantic* i 3K< Blackcap 8th by Black Monk Blackcap 12th by Blackbird Jim .1 Blackcap Judy, Black Monarch of Emerson. Blackcap 3d Blackcap 4th by by Knight of Knight of St .Patrick. St, Patrick. Blackcl,p 6th, by Juryman. Blackcap King, fey Black Monk. BHickcap 16th by Emulus. Blackcap 2 1 st , fey Black Monarch of Emerson* Blackcap 19th fey Black Monarch of Emerson. —Blackcap 15th fey Black Monk —Blackcap l8th fey Black Monarch of of Emerson. Blacfe Eyes of Ballindalloch fey Royal George. Black Jade, Royal George Blackbird of Craikstone , by Emlyn. Black Janet, fey Blackcap King. fage #15. BLACKBIRD 4th BRANCH. Blackbird of Corskie 4th. Bl'k'd of Glamls, Elcho . ( extinct ) Bluebeard. Melville Bull of Bl'k'd "by Bashan. The Moor- (Uone In America) Burnaby . Bl'k'd 6th, by Milton of Powrlet Blackbird of Turlington 8th by Jim Jams. I Blackbird of Emerson, by Blackbird Hero. Black Monarch of Emerson, by Alblack. 31'kM 7th, by Justice. Bl'k'd 8th, by Abbot s- ford. Ninth, by Black Monk. Eleventh, by John Grant. Twenty- Fourth, by Black Mon- arch of Emerson. ] \ Tenth, Twelfth, Erica Blackb'd Chieftain. Jim. -Black Abbot . -Bl»k'd Knight -Black Monk. (Black Magic |Black Luck -Black Chieftain Thirteenth, i^y Blackbird Jim. 15th, 17th, 19th, by by - by ^ -=• Black Black Monk . Monk . Bl'k^d -Jim. Fourteenth by Bl'k Monk. Il^th, aOth, 23d, by by by Heather- Zaire Black ton 1 0th . Monar ch Prince. of Emerson. Black 22nd, Woodlawn. by Black Monarch of Emerson . Black Mark, by Black Monarch of Emerson. Eighteenth, by Emulus. Twentyy Fifth, by McHenry Blackbird 6th. Twenty- first, by Proud Ermine. Fage #16. In America the Blackbird 2nd branch has reached its best condition through Blackbird Lassie, now in her twenty-second year, her most famous calf being Blackbird Jim. The Blackbird 3d branch was represented wholly through Blackcap until recently one of the descendants of Black Jewel was importsdl and still more recently one of the descendants of Black Eyes have been brought to this country. The record: ;:)f Black Knight as a breeder is perhaps unequaled in America, and the sh >w yard record of Blackcap King has not been excelled. The Blackbird 4th branch Is most prominent through the descendants of Blackbird 8th, a wonderfully . prolific cow and, what is most unusual, a heifer breeder. The bulls Black Abbot, Black Monk and Black Magic have been 6f the highest order both in individual merit and as sires. Probably Black Monk has won more prizes thru his get than any Angus bull in America. In short the foundation of the Blackbird family was laid right and in this herd especially the bulls used on the females of that family have been selected with the utmost care. The following diagram reproduced from my history of the families of Aberdeen-Angus cattle which appeared in the"Breeder's Gazette" in the eaily nineties Illustrates very clearly the sources from which the Blackbird family sprang and discloses sufficient reason for its merit and its consequent popularity. ((Princess. nBaroness. KINOCHTRY< (Emily. VPavorlte • (?Erlca. (Jilt . BALLINDALLOCH. {Coquette. I Nosegay. TILLYPOUR. /"Ruth. J Zara . I (Queen Mother. HPrlde of Aber-"^, ^ deen. ^<<. l>MAISi§ OF KELLY. Jennet . Martha . Lizzie. Guinea Pig. Page #17. Erica. --From Keillor the cow Beauty passed to the herd of the Earl of Southestc. She was said by William Watson, son of Hugh Watson of Keillor, to have been a full sister to the dam of Baauty of Tillyfour 2nd, from which cow comes the Jilts, Ruthe and Miss Watsons. In the herd of the Earl of Southesk Beauty brought a heifer calf to the service of the famous Keillor Bull Old Jock (1) which was named Emily and, bred to Cupbearer, one of the grandest bulls of the breed, she produced Erica purchased in 1861 by Sir George Macpherson Grant of Ballindalloch. In his herd Erica produced four bulls and four heifers. Her first daughter was Erica 2nd which was twice mated with the noted Trojan, producing Erica 3d, the dam of Young Viscount, and Erica 4th, the dam of St. Clair (sire of Blackbird 4th, Blackcap and others.) Prom these two heifers Erica 5d and Erica 4th, descend two Erica families whichare in reason- able repute with breeders; that is to aay, they were started right and when bred from right bulls they command very fair prices and are recognized under those conditions as being fashionable families. The daughter Ella by Kildonan was an exception to the general rule, and al- tho by a good sire out of a good dam, she proved to be a poor individ- ualand was discarded from the herd. Her descendants are from all sorts and conditions of bulls and the entire family is unfashionable and discredited. The other two daughters Eisa and Enchantress, both by Trojan, as were Erica 3d and Erica 4th, were retained in the Ballin- dalloch herd and from them spring the ultra-fashionable Trojan-Ericas. They have certainly a greater prize list than any other family, but the reason is quite evident. For fourty-two years the Ballindalloch herd has known but one owner and he is a man of large means and devoted to the interests of his herd. The utmost care has been taken in the select- ion of the sires and no expense has been spared in fitting animals for the show yard, so that while other herds have had their flood tides oiff success and other families have grown into prominence and then been scattered, the Ballindalloch herd has had a long life and allthe advan- tage that money, brains and love could give it, and scarcely a single year has elapsed in the last forty- two years without the herd being represented at the great Scottish shows and good blood has told. The Jilts, Prides, Blackbirds, Coquettes, Nosegays, Lady Fannys, Miss Biirges- ses and Zaras have all contributed, but without question the favorite family at Ballindalloch is the Erica. Because of the exceptional ad- vantages enjoyed by that herd, the Heatherton herd has drawn almost exclusively orillts families for sires , and where other sires have been used every one has been discarded from the herd with all of his get, so that the entire list of sires heretofore mentioned is, without exception, of Ballindalloch. Females of the Erica family were so scarce and in such high favor in Scotland that only one or two were secured for America and unfortunately for the reputation of their family they were not mated properly and have disappeared from sight without creating any demand for that family. There was no reason therefore for paying the highprices asked in Scotland, and this herd managed to exist without any repres- entative until on the occasion of Mr- Judy's first importation four females and a bull were secured for the herd. They are all of the Eisa branch, which favoritism was simply the result of chance. Since purchased the females have produced four bulls and one heifer. The follov/ing tables will indicate the particular branches in this herd: Page ?^18. Beauty Emily I Erica i Quarasman . Erica 3d., Trojan. I Young Vlsbount. Eva, by Victor Erica 2nd 1 1 T ^ 1 Elsa, Cupb'rer Enchantress Ella, Exciseman, by of by Trojan, by Chieftain. Trojan. Ballln- i Erica 4th, ^y Trojan. 1 St. Clair dalloch. Kildonan. Edith, by Juryman r-J r Emlyn.by Erminla, Ethel, Edina, Ebony, by by ■ by Judge. Balllmore. Victor. Royal G-eorge. by Judge • Ermine Bearer, by Young Viscount (sire of Abbot sford.) Elglna, by Sir Maurice I Emetine, by Merryman. Elcho, by Juryman , Emul us , by Emlyn. Echo , by Juryman . T Edelweis Evallne, by by Young Judge Viscount. I Ellse, by Justice. I Erina . i, Electra, Petrarch. Elkara, by Justice. r *-! Eleuthera,»'Eleusa, by by Err oil. Err oil. I f Equatoria, Elul,by by Bion. Lord. Ivory - 1 Eturia, Epaulet, , by by Sir Ian. Eagle of I Glamls. Equestrlanne, by Equestor. Eurus of Ballln- dalloch. Esmeralda Erica, by Kingmaker - Erica of Dalmore, by Pari s . Eugenie, by Judge . ^~\ Eulalia, by Justice. Ella, by Elcho. Err oil, by Young Viscount Erica iDuterpe, Chieftain, by by Jocelyn. Erroll . ( Edna of Euterpe Aldbar , by ^nd , by Erroll. Elymus. I Eagle of Glamls. Espinosa, by •Esquire. I Erica Fairy by Ebony Erica. I Equestor, by Equestrian. Equality, by Judge . Equation, by Royal G-eorge. Equestrian. Page #19. Heatherbloom. --Nfi better Illustration of the growth of a great herd rrom small beginnings can be found than that afforded by the Rothlemay nerd. About 1846 the late Colonel Taylor of Glenbarry purchased two cows named Old Lady Jean and Miss Morrison. In 1855 Colonel Taylor purchased from Mulben the cow Victoria of G-lenbarry. No other females were added to the herd for many years, but both Colonel Taylor and his son, Mr. Ta^z-ior of Rothiemay, who succeeded to the herd, us'-d tlie utmost care in the ■ selection of the sires, and from these i>hreo females descend the noted Miss Morrisons, G-eorginas and Heather: Blooms, the latter family being bet- ter known in Scotland as the Victorias of Glenbarry. When it is remembered that the great Highland Society show annually calls out the best stock in the Kingdom of Great Britain, it will be understood that a second or even a third prize is a high honor indeed, and the great care excercised in the selection of sires is readily noted in Elector, winner of third prize in 1870 and 1871 and second prize in 1872; Bon Accord, a second prize winner in 1872; Waterside King, second prize in I878; Sir Maurice, first prize asa two-year-old in I878; while in the herd was bred Clansman, first prize in I869; Sir Roger, second prize in 1875, and Sir Wilfred, first prize in 1875« Kate of G-lenbarry 2nd of the G-eorgina tribe was the winner in I874 and Young Hero, a Heather Bloom, was second in 1861. In Scotland the G-eorgina family is perhaps the better known, and this family has produced Moon Eclipser and other good ones on this side of the water, but certainly in America the Heather Blooms have outstripped their campanions and, like the Blackbirds, have made a reputation for themselves in their new home. Heatherbred Lad, Heather Lad of Emerson, Heather Lad of Emerson 2nd and Heather Lad of Emerson 4th, Heather Bloom of Turlington 8th, third prize cov/ at the World's Pair, and a host of other good ones have contributed to the building up of a family reputation. For this herd Heathertonia 3d, whose grand am was the last calf of Heather Bloom and whose sire was Black Monk and grandslre Black Knight, was repurchased. Dorcas F., a mammoth daughter of Abbotsford, represents another line; while Victoria was imported recently as a two-year-old as being the highest type of breeding in this family to be found in all G-reat Britain. Her sire is a descent of Juryman. Her dam is by the great Zara bull Paris, her grandam is by the noted Tiilyfour Vine bull Knight of ranmure, while her great-grandam is a daughter of the undeafeated bull "foung Viscount. As might be expected from such blood, the heifer is a magnificent specimen of the breed and it is believed that no worthier representative of a deservedly popular family are to be found in any herd. The following diagram discloses the family relationships, the two bulls. Heather Lad and Hermit, had by Heather Bloom, being omitted for lack of space. Page #20. Victoria of Glenbarry. Heather Bell of Rothlemay. Heather Bloom. I Heather Blossom, Elector - Heather Blossom 2nd , by Young Viscount. Victoria 6th of Klnochtry , by Knight of Panmure . Versatile, ty Paris. Blooming Louisa Ro6a Heather, of Bonheur, by Tillyfour, by Elector. by Bismark. Elector- Heather Bud, Heather by Afghan of Roos. 10] Victbriana, by Dauntless of Gortachy. Blooming Heather 2d. by Waterside King. Bonnie Heather, by Rex. I Heather Blossom 3d, by Bushr&iger . . Heather Blossom 6th, by Buslaranger. ■ Dorcas.?., by Abbots ford. Flower by Afghan of Roos. Heartburn of Roos, by Isador of Roos. Heather Bloom of Turlington 8th, hy Black Knighfc Heathertonia Heathertonia 2nd. Heathertonia 3d, by Black Monk. ii-i^ii-»^'.'r^A--y!-i'<-ii'^itii-1i^i'it^^V--A%^,i-it-» Jilts, Ruths, and Miss Watsons. — Keillor originated them; Tillyfour selected them and Ballindalloch^developed them. Certainly there is reason enough for any herd to maintain the descendants of 'Cripple Beauty" of Hugh Watson of Keillor, renamed Beauty of Tillyfoxir 2nd by Wm. McCombie of Tillyfour. That these families should be held in especial esteem here is not to be wondered at when it is remembered that Judge the World Beater and Justice the Incomparable were both mem- bers of this herd. The Jilts are a family of big cattle yet low on the ground. Judge weighed 2,800 lbs.; Justice weighed 3,100 lbs.; The whole family carries such a wealth of flesh, such a covering of hair that they are said to have an individuality all their own which they do not choose to dispense with. The Jilts especially are bull breeders, which accounts for their comparatively small numbers and explains why it took two years of negotiation and a thousand dollars in money to get the first female ever brought to America, and, until another was secured last year, the only one ever exported. This herd contains more females than are to be found in all the herds of G-reat Britain together, as no female has been sold since the first one was acquired some fifteen jjears ago until the herd was divided last year- The Ruths of Tillyfour, descending from the full sister of Jilt, have furnished several Highland Society champions, and are very much of the same general type as the Jilts. Many good specimens have been brought to America and the family isdeservedly popular. Page #2 1 . The Miss Watsons are not so well known as the other branches, having fallen into the hands of less noted "breeders, but fortunately they have been bred right and are producing a good class of cattle. The "branch selected for this herd descends from Tabitha by Paris, making her a half sister to the imported Jilt cow Jill, also by Paris. This herd is believed to be the only one which contains representatives of all three of the daughters of Beauty of Tillyfour 2nd. Mr. Wm. Watson, son of Hugh Watson of Keillor, is my authority for saying that the Ericas and the Jilts, Ruths and Miss Watsons have a common origin. I show the line of descent as he gave it to me, but the herd book:. stops with Beauty of Tillyfour 2nd in the one line and Beauty by Old Jock in the other. After the family diagram I show a tabulated pedigree of the famous Justice the Incomparable, imported for use in this herd, disclosing perhaps the most intense inbreeding to be foimd in any pedigree. The foundation cow, Beauty, stands for the two Beautys, full sisters, from which the Jilts and Ericas descend. JUSTICE. EI^ILY — I — -CUPBEARER (by Pat) NOURIIAHAL -^BLAGK - T RTnce of . tillyfour BEA UTY OF LLYFOUR Page #22. Jilt, Ruth and Miss Watson Families. Beauty of Buchan 2nd, by G-rey-Breasted Jock. Beauty's Matchless, by Old Jock. I Beauty of Tillyfour 2nd. Miss Wat son, by Prfcsident 3d. T Tlbby Fowler by Bachelor. -I Tabitha, by Paris. i Kinaird Queen, by Kingmaker • Kinnairdr\s Pet, by Manrico. I KlnnairdVs Bell, by William Watson 2n(i. I Miss Watson 10th, by G-rantington King. Jilt, by Black Prince of Tillyfour. Beauty, by Old Jock Emily 1 i Erica. Reform. Ruth of Tilly- four, by Black Prince of Tillyfour. The G-eneral of Tillyfour. Juryman. Jester Jewel, by Victor of Ballindal- lloch. Jill by Pari s . —Jewess, Exciseman — Judge -Judy, by Ballimore -' Juno, by Ballimore. — Justice — Jacket, by Editor. Ruth 2nd, by Prince of Wales. I Ruth of Yonder ton, by Alt amour. I Ruth 3d by Stanley of Yonder ton. I Ruth of Tillyfour 5th by Emulus. I Ruth of Tillyfour 6th, by Black Monarch of Emerson. T*,&^24. ar© heavy milkers, Nosegay 5th having raised five calves in one year for us, and out of sentimenjr for the old cow, dead full of years and honors, I have put in the herd one of her best daiighters, the living image of her dam. It will be noted that there were two Nosegay 5ths, both brought to America. The family tree is as follows: Nettle Nosegay Nosegay 2nd, by Trojan. Nosegay 4th, by Juryman. Nosegay 5th, by Ballimore. Nosegay 11th, by Victory. Nosegay 5th or Nosegay of Powrie, by Elcho. Nosegay 6th, by The Black Warrior - Nosegay 18th, Abbot sford. Nosegay Erima, hy Black Monk. Nosegay 19th, Abbotdford. Nosegay Nosegay Secunda, Tertia, by by Erica Black Chieftain. Monk. Nosegay i^uarta, by Zaire 8th. Nosegay of Heatherton by Black Mon- arch of Emerson. Nosegay Quint a, hy Lord Fretful. ■«••?«■■!!•*■«■ ■X-»'^f' -iJ-^-JS-Sf^-;!- Fride of Aberdeen. — In 1844 Mr. William McComble of Tillyfour purchased two heifers at the Ardovie sale. They were full sisters and Mr- McCombie named them, one Jean Ann and the other Queen Mother. Jean Ann became the mother a>f Victor of Ballindalloch, which bull figures so strongly in the early Erica Pedigrees, but she has left no female rep- resentatives. Pour heifers are recorded out of Queen Mother, the last be- ing Victoria of Kelly, the foundress of the Victoria branch of the Queen Mother tribe. From the first, second and third heifers a very large number of cattle descend, and for convenience sake they are divided into ten different families, but in America the common custom is to refer to all descendants of Queen Mother as "Queen Mothers" except the one family which is known as the Prides of Aberdeen. Queen Mother's first heifer was Lola Montes, whose first daughter was Charlotte, the Paris cow. Charlotte had five daughters, three by Hanton, but the third daughter, Pride of Aberdeen by Hanton, so far excelled her sisters and the other members of the tribe that her name has been given as a family name to herdescendants. Her career is without parallel in the annals of the breed, and altho the Laird of Tillyfour, the first tenant member of Parliament, has been dead this quarter of a century nearly, the family he builded so carefully is still a close favorite for premier position in the breed. The Queen Mothers have become somewhat more Plebian thru their very fecundity, this having placed members of the tribe in many hands where the proper care was not given to their breeding. Their tribe is not repres- ented in this herd, aitho it has many worthy members, simply, because in Page #25. go small a herd only the choicest and rarest strains can be maintained, and for that reason the Prides have been selected and the second cow Im- pouted was Key of Paris, perhaps the strongest -bred Pride living. When it is remembered that Pride of Aberdeen herself had some seven heifer calves and that there are five distinct branches of the Prides, descending from Pride 2nd, 3d, 4th, 5th, and 7th, and that these daughters were themselves very prolific, it can be understood readily that there are Prides and Prides. In othe words, that while many are meritorious animals, still quite a number have been bred in a way open to serious objection and their value practically destroyed. While this herd does not claim to have representative of all the good ones, yet the group gathered is certainly one of the greatest since the days of McCombie. They have been collecjsed with the ut- most care, and some are almost priceless. The following tables will show the strains selected for this herd, it being practically impossible in a diagram to give a complete list of the descendants. Pride 3d Branch. Black Meg I Queen of Ardovi* Queen Mother Lola Montes Charlotte I Pride of Aberdeen Garibaldi Pride of \ "— Pride of Hero. of Aberdeen Aberdeen Haughton . 2nd, by 3d, by Black Prince Black of Prince Tillyfour- of Tillyfour Pride, by President 4th. -Pride of Aberdeen 4th, by President 4th. —Pride of Aberdeen 5th, by Bright . -Major of Tlllyfour- 'Pride of Aberdeen 7th, by Derby. Gem of Aboyne , by Hero. Kindness of Ballindalloch. Sub-Branch, "g?* Prldeg. Page #26, Kindness of Balllndalloch. i I r — I , 1 , Kismet* Koh-1-noor, Kelpie, Kingihalcer. Katinka, by E Waterside ?rlde. Dragon . I Pride of Aberdeen 60th, by Principal . I Pride of , Gartly, by- Bloodstone. I Pride of I Partly 2nd, ' by Werburgh . Imp. Mal- vollo, by Just Judge of Morllch. chles. by Judge . Kalmla,by Justice. Proud Queen of Aquhorsk, by The Idler. by Young Vlscoimt . Khiva, by Editor. Kllda, by Sea King. Key of Paris, by Paris. —Kinswoman, by Jfoung Viscount. ■Kindred, by Erroll. —Kremlin, by Emlyn. Katrine, by Julius. Kenwood , by Eurus . Kensington, by Eurus. Key of Chicago by Zaire 8th. J Key of the West. Kankakee, Key by Eurus. of Phlla- I delphia Key of New York, by by Emulus. Black Monarch . * Kindness was sold by Mr. W.M. Skinner, of Drumlln, at his sale in 1873, as a yearling. She proved to be with calf, producing Kismet at Balllndalloch. The sire of this animal is given In the herd book as a "pure polled bull bred at Drumlln". The only two bull calves running with Kindness, according to Mr. Skinner, were the Brumlln Lucy bull Victor of Glencorrle and the Pride of Aberdeen bull Thane, either of which would be acceptable In any pedigree. For this reason, the breeding of the descend- ants of Kismet is accepted generally as being all that could be desired. pride 5th Branch. Page #27. Pride of Aherdeeri 5th. Pride of Mulben, by Jim Crow 4 th. Shah. Lilias P. of of Tillyfour, by Black Prince of Wester Fowlis. P. of Knight Knight Pride of Aberdeen Aberdeen of the of the 10th. 14th. Legion. Garter. Cortachy, Pride of Mulben , 2d, by Lochiel. Pride 3d of Mulben , Elgin Pride of Invershie, by Justice^ Pride of Aberdeen 11th, by Macduff 2d. Pride of Guisachan 14th, by Mosstrooper. Pride of Dalmore, by The Black Knight. I Pride of the Dale, by Prince Inca. Pride of Goldendale, by Golden Abbott. Pride of Dalraddy , by Justice. Pride of Naught on. Err oil . Pride of Doimreay , by Lord Ivory. Pride of Juneau by Junot. Pride of Strathaven, by Young Viscount. Pride of Strathspey, by Elcho. I Pride of the Tervie, by Young Vis court Pride of Morlnsh, by Justice I Pride of the Greens, by Vesuvius. I Pride of Corrour by Jolly Fellow. Pride of Elchles 3d, by Elidor Pride of Elchles 5th, by Euxine of Ballindalloch. Prince Illiad. Prince Inca. Prince Ito. -;;-';-!;-?f"5s-;f-!'<-^H!-!!-^:-*-»4S"5!-*-;{-^;--;;-«"!i-* Greek Rosebud.-- When it was determined to establish this herd, a visit was made to the Bonnie Blue herd of Mr- A.B. Matthews, near Kansas City, early in I883. As in so many other cases with beginners, the eye was the merchant," and for a long time my brother and myself hovered between the cow Cheery Princess, safe in calf, and the seven -months-old heifer Rosebud of Daugh 2nd. Reason dictated the purchase of a cow in calf, but the perfect lines of the heifer, her grand promise for the future, turned the decision in her favor at a priae of §700. Had we then known that Prince Albert of Baads, her sire, was perhaps the best bull the breed has ever known: that at a recent Highland Society Show three of his heifershajad ^ ranked first, second and third; that the Queens herd had secured one of his daughters and that Ballindalloch was discussing his purchase; that he had never lowered his colors on any field until at the Century Highland Justice Page #28. was placed over hlm--the hesitation would have been briefer. She prd^dd to be a winner in the show yard and in the breeding pen and grew into Ohe of the neatest, smoothest and sweetest females yet produced in the breed, but finally had to lower her colors to her ov/n daughter Rosebud Alpha. The prizes won by this family would fill a small book, and it is sincerely believed that only the untoward fate which prevented continuous personal care of the herd has kept this family from taking its permanent rank with the Ericas, Blackbirds and Prides. Only one member remained in the herd when retaken. Rosebud Omega, Perhaps this is poetic justice, as the Greek Alphabet was selected for the nomenclature of this family, commencing with Alpha and ending the old regime with Omega. However, Rosebuds Lambda and Omicron have since been repurchased and it is hoped that ere long the Rosebuds will again be as thick in the herd as "autumnal leaves that strow the brooks in Vallombrosa. " Naturally in a family so admired it was not satisfactory to leave the pedigree in the condition shown by the herd book with two unknovm bulls figuring in it, and I wrote repeatedly to Scotland with the final result that the two animals were finally identified, as appears by the following letters, and it only goes to show that good blood can be depended on and that in this case the "eye merchant?" was fayoveCi anJ stren^uiQ/iec. by right breeding for- aiauj ^enex'atloiis. Ardhuncart, by IJossatj T^'ec* 27, 1856. Black Jean 3& (Vol. II of Herd Book, I096)v;as jot 'oj Black Prince of Clova v5l5), same rolvjiUi. I find ii looklriG ''ver my .jiejiorandam books tl'.^.t I sent tile ."lofiei' of Black Jean 3d to Clova to be served with Black Prince of Clova (51S), so that Black Jean 3d is the offspring and I consclentiosly believe this is correct. (Signed) William Walker. Morllch, Towle, Inverkindie, Scotland, 14th June, 1886. Black Jean (IO94) was bred by my father at Morlicli, got by a bull bred at Tillyfour, and the property of my father- This bull was an ex- ceptionally good animal, and aitho not entered In the Herd Book is quite eligible. He was calved April 29, 1854, and was got by the famous bull, Angus (45), and out of the celebrated cow, Bloomer (501). Black Jean's darfl was Qld Nancy, a pure bred Aberdeenshire cow — see Nancy of Morllch (2075). (Signed) George Cran. On submitting the above to Alex. Ramsey, Esq., Banff, N.B,, the secretary of the Polled Cattle Society, he wrote as follows: Banff, N.B., January "6; 1-^87, *-M"»***«-}j-;h«- I note what you say about the fact that the Herd Book, Vol, II, records that the sire of Black Jean 3d (IO96) is a pure polled bull, bred by WI^, McCombie, and that the sire of Black Jean (1994) is a pure polled bull also bred by Wm. McCombie. You wish both sires Identified, and you mention that Mr- Cran states that the sire of Black Jean (1094) is an animal cilved April 29,1854, by Angus (45) and out of Bloomer (201). This answers Precisely with the animal entered in Herd Book No. 3406 (Young Tilly), i have, to-day, a letter from Mr. Andrews, Melville, Fife, inclosing a letter from Mr. Walker, Ardliuncart, of date December 27, in which Mr. Walker says that the sire of Black Jean 3d ia Black Prince of Clova (518), I shall lay your requests before the first meeting we have of the Editing Committee to have the nedlgree amended by the insertion of these animals as the sires respect*ively of Black Jean (1094)and Black Jean 3d (1§96). (Signed) Alex Ramsey. The following table shows only the descendants bred inthe herd and takes no note of the many which are in the herds of others who have not followed the same system of nomenclature. Page #29. Old Nancy Black Black Annie of Rosebud of Rosebud Jean Jean 3d Ardh uncart Ardhuncart of Dauch Rosebud of Daugh ?<1 by Prince Albert of Baads Alpha, by Judge Beta, by Gamma, by Epsilon, by EtaJ by Iota, by Highland Abboti^ford. Abbotsford. Abbotsford, Abbotsford. Chief. I Delta, by Abbotsford I Zeta, by Abbotsford. Kappa, by Abbotsford, Theta, by Energy of Ballin- dalloch. Nu, by Don Clements Rho, by Black Monk. — I Phi, by Black Monk. Lambda, by Black Monk. Omicron, by John. G-rant. Sigma, by Black- capper. Xi, by Erica Chieftain -ion, by Upsiion, by Psi (Lady Blackblird Jim. Rosebud) , by Lord Mood- lawn. Mu, by 1 Pilate.. Pi, by John G-rant. Omega, by Black Monarch of Emerson. Tau, by Black Capper. 1 Chi, by Black- capper Zara. -- By the time Mr. G.W. Henry dispersed his herd in 188? a "better acquaintance was had with the blood lines which had made the Aberdeen-Angus cattle famous, and it was noticed that he had some females of the Zara family which he held in high estimation. Beauty of Candyglearch in out own herd, a daughter of Paris, a Zara bull; Mr. Mathews' Paris heifer the Turlington Paris heifer and other good ones, all by Paris, had turned our attention to the Zara family to see if there was a cause for this uniform excellence. Further investigation disclosed the fact that Juryman was by a Zara bull;- that Judge was by a Zara bull; that Champion was by a Zara bull; that Zara herself ranked second to the famous Pride of Aberdeen at Battersea in 1862, and that Mr- McCombie of Tillyfoui"' purchased Zara, naming her daughter Matilda of Alford, the latter winning first prize at the Highland in 1872. The final result was that all the Zaras sold at Mr- Henry's sale were secured for this herd, but when Mr, Judy took possession of the cattle in January, I89I , his prediction for Zarilda 2nd rapidly grew on him to such an extent that all the others were disposed of and Pase #30. she alone was retained with all her progeny then in the herd, and from that time to the present Mr- Judy has placed the Zaras in the front rank of Angus families. The winnings of Zara 4th by Abbot sford, of Zara 5th by Black Monk, (considered by many to have been the best cow of the breed yet produced in America); The success of Zaire 15th in Mr. Marvins herd and of Zaires 8th and 10th in our own herd; of Zaire 5th in Mr. Bradfut's herd; of Zaire 12th in the Lantz Brothers herd demonstrate the essential soundness of resting upon good blood lines. One cow of the family in this herd is the sensational calf of I897. She was developed fully according to her early IndiSationa, but unfortunately so far has bred nothing but bull calves. The diagram following shows only the members of the family as developed by Mr. Judy, for to him must be given the credit of their popularity on this side of the water- Zarilda 2nd is still breeding regularly, altho in her seventeenth year- ConclSiaion.-- Such is the material which composes the Heatherton Herd as it starts on its third decade of existence. The best of the old ! friends have been repurchased, and the herds of Scotland and America have been searched for their treasures. The Erica family is the only nevi one added, and that is new only in having female representatives. It has been the steadfast policy to breed only from the best and then to the best again,. The late Colonel Moberly had avery taking sentence: "Straight, crooked or crosswise, we breed the best." Here at Heatherton also "we breed the best" but the crooked and otherwise are omitted. In the herd which won for us the grand championship over all breeds at the great Illinois State Fair of I897 — the first and only time the honor fell to a "doddie" herd-- there was not even one single objectionable cross in any animal shown in that herd — proof sufficient that the best are good enough. And whatever may have been the faults and shortcomings of the herd in the past, it can now be truthfully said what cannot be said of any other in the world- -bar none-- that in the herd as now re-organized there is not a single animal in it tracing in any generation to any of the diseased, horned, discredited and unfashionable animals which have from time to time appeared in the bredd. It is the aim and purpose to make the Heatherton Herd one place at least where those seeking sires need only pass on the individual mqrit of |the animal-- the pedigree is guaranteed. If the pouring in of the best blood of the breed can accomplish 'aught, then this herd should maintain a high rank. Among such a number of breeders as are now devoting their time to these cattle, a great diversiiy of opinion and belief must naturally exist. Whether all of the views |held at Heatherton are correct is not a question before us. There is not the slightest intention to decry the work of others but only to put before the breeders plainly and succinctly the plans and purposes of the Heather- torn Herd, with the earnest desire that we may all work together in harmony for the advancment of the best interests of the breed. In the enthusiasm of youth we nailed to the breeze a banner which in those days bore a strong device. Twenty years later in the calm of maturity of middle age, the bunting is renewed but the motto remains the same. It is better known now and fewer questions are asked. Prom Hugh Watson of Keillor in I8O5 to Goodwin Park in I883 and thence to Heatherton in I9O3-- almost a century old— the motto has gained new force and added meaning in all these years and again it is spread to the view of all the cattle breeding world: ,„ ^,, , ^ ^ , .. "Black and all black, the Angus 'Doddie' and no surrender!