HD U. S. Congress. House. Committee on the 
 
 7816 Judiciary. 
 
 U6 Federal employees* compensation. Hearings. 
 
 A3 
 1912a 
 
THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL 
 
 OF 
 
 INDUSTRIAL AND LABOR 
 
 RELATIONS 
 
 AT 
 CORNELL UNIVERSITY 
 
pDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION 
 HEARINGS 
 
 BEFORE THE 
 
 COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY 
 
 (SUBCOMMITTEE III) 
 
 HOUSE OF KEPRESENTATIVES 
 
 SIXTY-SECOND CONGRESS 
 
 t '' 
 
 SECOND SESSION 
 
 FEBRUARY 10, 1912 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OmOE 
 1912 . 
 
The original of tiiis book is in 
 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924002403842 
 
COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY. 
 House of Representatives. 
 
 Henkt D. Clayton, Alabama, Chairman. 
 Robert L. Heney, Texas. Waltee I. McCoy, New Jersey. 
 
 EDiraj Y. Webb, Nortli Carolina.^ John W. Davis, West Virginia. 
 
 Chaeles C. Caeun, Virginia. Daniel J. MoGilucuddy, Maine. 
 William W. Ruckee, Missouri. John A. Steeuns, Illinois. 
 
 WiLUAM C. Houston, Tennessee. Reuben O. Moon, Pennsylvania. 
 
 John C. Floyd, Arkansas. Edwin W. Higgin8, Connecticut. 
 
 Robeet Y. Thomas, Jr., Kentucky. Paul Howland, Ohio. 
 
 James M. Geaham, Illinois. Feank M. Nye, Minnesota. 
 
 H. Gaeland Dupes, Louisiana. George W. Noeeis, Nebraska. 
 
 Martin W. Littleton, New York. . Peancis H. Dodds, Michigan. 
 
 J, J. Speight, Clerk. 
 
 0. 0. Beannen, Assistant Clerk. 
 
 Subcommittee III — Civil and Okiminal Law. 
 
 Mr. CAELm, Chairman. 
 Mr. Geaham. Mr. Davis. Mr. Howland. 
 
 Mr. McCoy. Mr. McGiilicuddy. Mr. Dodds. 
 
 FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 Satubday, February 10, 1912. 
 The subcommittee met at 10.30 o'clock a. m. 
 The Chairman. The committee will take up first for consideration 
 the House bill 1681. We will be very glad to hear from Mr. GiUett. 
 
 The bills upon this subject before the committee at the time of 
 printing of these hearings are : 
 
 [H. R. 1681, Sixty-second Congress, first session.] 
 
 In the House op Representatives. 
 
 April 5, 1911. 
 
 Mr. Gillett introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the 
 Judiciary and ordered to be printed. 
 
 A BILL To amend an act entitled " An act granting to certain employees o( the United States the right to 
 receive from it conipensatiou for injuries sustained in the course of their employment," approved May 
 thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America 
 in Congress assembled, That sections one and two of an act entitled "An act granting 
 to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for 
 injuries siistained in the course of their employment," approved May thirtieth, 
 nineteen hundred and eight, be amended to read as follows: 
 
 "That on and after the pasag.gfLDL1iiaa.cA the United States shall be liable to its 
 civilian employees whose con^SBaafefK) or pKmanle ^iSm^iare, less than at the 
 
 NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL 3 
 
 INDUSTRIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS 
 
4 FEDERAL, EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 
 
 rate of three thousand dollars per annum, including as well those employed under the 
 Isthmian Canal CommisBion and by the Panama Eailroad and Steamship Lme, for an 
 injury or death by accident arising out of or in the course of the injured person's 
 employment; and for the purposes of this act any injury sustained while the employed 
 is pursuing the usual and most direct route from and to the entrance to the reservation 
 to and from his place of employment therein shall be deemed as having been received 
 in the course of the injured person's employment. No compensation shall be paid 
 under this act imless such injiiry shall continue for more than five days, or where the 
 injury is due to serious and willful misconduct on the part of the employee injured. 
 All questions of misconduct shall be determined by the Secretary of Cominerce and 
 Labor. That where incapacity for work results from such an injury as is herein- 
 before referred to, the employee so injured shall be entitled to receive the same com- 
 pensation as it he continued to Ve employed, suich payments to be made monthly 
 under such regulations as the Secretary of Contimerce and Labor may prescribe. 
 Where incapacity for work resulting from an injury hereinbefore described has con- 
 tinued for SIX months, the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall cause an examina- 
 tion to be made, as hereinafter provided for, and, if it appear to him that such incapacity 
 is then permanent, he shall direct that the monthly payments shall cease, and that in 
 place thereof the injured employee be paid a sum equal to seven times the annual 
 amount payable to the employee at the rate received by him at the time of such 
 examination, but not less than three'thousand five hundred dollars nor more than seven 
 thousand five hundred dollars shall be allowed. 
 
 "Sec. 2. That when death results from the injury provided against in the first 
 section of this act compensation shall be made, by the United States as follows: 
 
 "(a) If the employee leaves any relatives wholly dependent on his earnings, a sum 
 equal to such earnings during the period of five years next preceding his injury, but 
 not less than two thousand dollars nor more than five thousand dollars, shall be allowed. 
 If the period of Tiis employment has been less than five years, the amount to be paid 
 him shall be computed as for five years on the basis of his average earnings during the 
 period of such employment, but subject as to amount to the foregoing limitation. 
 
 "(b) If the employee leaves any relatives partially dependent on his eSiffliiigs, a 
 sum not exceeding such earnings during the two years next preceding his injury, but 
 not more than one thousand ei^t hundred dollars, shall be allowed, the total amount 
 of such payments to be determined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, and to 
 be proportioned to the degree of dependence he shall find. If the period of his em- 
 ployment has been less than two years, the amount to be paid shaU not exceed his 
 average earnings computed as for two years during the period of such employment, 
 but subject as to amount to the foregoing limitation. 
 
 "(c) Payments made to dependent relatives shall be divided among them in such 
 proportion as may seem equitable to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor under 
 the circumstances of the case. 
 
 "(d) If the employee leaves no relatives dependent upon him, the reasonable 
 expenses of his burial, not exceeding one hundred and fifty dollars, shall be paid." 
 
 [H. R. 1695, Sixty-second Congress, flist session.] 
 In the House op Representatives. 
 
 April 5, 1911. 
 
 Mr. Sterling introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
 the Judiciary and ordered to be printed. 
 
 A BILL To amend an act entitled "An act granting to certain employees of the United States the right to 
 receive from it compensation for inim-ies sustained in the course of their employment," approved May 
 thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and Home of Representatives of the United States of America 
 in Congress assembled, That sections one and two of an act entitled ' 'An act granting 
 to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation 
 for injuries sustained in the course of their employment," approved May thirtieth, 
 nineteen hundred and eight, be amended to read as follows: 
 
 ' 'That on and after the passage of this act the United States shall be liable to its 
 civilian employees whose compensation is or probable earnings are less than at the 
 rate of three thousand dollars per annum, includingas well those employed under the 
 iBthmian Canal Commission and by the Panama llailroad and Steamship Line, for 
 an injury or death by accident arising out of or in the course of the injured person's 
 
FEDBEAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 5 
 
 employment. No compensation shall be paid under this act unless such injury shall 
 continue for more than fifteen days or where the injury is due to serious and willful 
 misconduct on the part of the employee injured . All questions of misconduct shall be 
 determined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. That where incapacity for 
 work results from such an injury as is hereinbefore referred to, the employee so injured 
 shall be entitled to receive the same compensation as if he continued to be employed, 
 such payments to be made monthly under such regulations as the Secretary of Com- 
 merce and Labor may prescribe. Where incapacity for work resulting from an injury 
 hereinbefore described has continued for six months, the Secretary of Commerce and 
 Labor shall cause an examination to be made, as hereinafter provided for, and, if it 
 appear to him that such incapacity is then permanent, he shall direct that the monthly 
 payments shall cease, and that in place thereof the injured employee be paid a sum 
 equal to seven times the annual amount payable to the employee at the rate received 
 by him at the time of such examination, but not less than three thousand five hundred 
 dollars nor more than seven thousand five hundred dollars shall be allowed. 
 
 ' ' Sec. 2. That when death results from the injury provided against in the first section 
 of this act, compensation shall be made by the United States as follows: 
 
 "(a) If the employee leaves any relatives wholly dependent on his earnings, a sum 
 equal to such earnings during the period of five years next preceding his injury, but 
 not less than two thousand dollars nor more than five thousand dollars, shall be allowed. 
 If the period of his employment has been less than five years, the amount to be paid 
 him shall be computed as for five years on the basis of his average earnings during the 
 period of such employment, but subject as to amount to the foregoing limitation. 
 
 "(b) If the employee leaves any relatives partially dependent on his earnings, a 
 sum not exceeding such earnings during the two years next preceding his injury, but 
 not more than one thousand eight hundred dollars, shall be allowed, the total amount of 
 such payments to be determined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, and to be 
 proportioned to the degree of dependence he shall find. If the period of his employ- 
 ment has been less than twp years, the amount to be paid shall not exceed his average 
 earnings computed as for two years during the period of such employment, but subject 
 as to amount to the foregoing limitation. 
 
 "(c) Payments made to dependent relatives shall be divided among them in such 
 proportion as may seem equitable to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor under the 
 circumstances of the case. 
 
 "(d) If the employee leaves no relatives dependent upon him, the reasonable 
 expenses of his burial, not exceeding one hundred and fifty dollars, shall be paid." 
 
 [H. R. 20488, Sixty-second Congress, second session.] 
 
 In the HotrsE of Representatives. 
 
 February 20, 1912. 
 
 Mr. Clayton introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
 the Judiciary and ordered to be printed. 
 
 A BILL To amend an act entitled "An act granting to certain employees of the United States the right 
 to reoeiye from it compensation for ii^uries sustained in the course of their employment," approved 
 May thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America 
 in Congress assembled, That sections one and two of an act entitled "An act granting 
 to certaia employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation 
 for injuries sustained in the course of their employment," approved May thirtieth, 
 nineteen hundred and eight, be amended to read as follows: 
 
 "That on and after August first, nineteen hundred and eight, any person employed 
 by the United States as an artisan or laborer, in any of its manufacturing establish- 
 ments, arsenals, or navy yards, or in the construction of river and harbor fortification 
 work, or in hazardous employment or construction work in the reclamation of arid 
 lands or the management or control of the same, or in any hazardous employment 
 under the Isthmian Canal Commission, or any other civilian employee of the United 
 States, is injured in the course of such employment, such employee shall be entitled 
 to receive for one year thereafter, unless such employee in the opinion of the Secretary 
 of Commerce and Labor be sooner able to resume work, the same pay as if he con- 
 tinued to be employed, such payment to be made under such regulations as the 
 Secretary of Commerce and Labor may prescribe: Provided, That no compensation 
 shall be paid under this act where the injury is due to the negligence or misconduct 
 
6 FEDBBAli employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 of the employee injured, nor unless said injury shall continue for more than fifteen 
 days. All questions of negligence or misconduct shall be determined by the Secre- 
 tary of Commerce and Labor. • 
 ''Sec. 2. That if any artisan or laborer or other civilian employee so employed 
 
 shall die duri] " ' ' « --t. ;_-■ „„;™j ™ <»,„ „^„™o „f =„„;, 
 
 employment, 
 
 dependent pa , - , c o 
 
 entitled to receive, in such portion and under such regulations as the Secretary of 
 Commerce and Labor may prescribe, the same amount for the remainder of the said 
 year that said artisan or laborer or other civilian employee would be entitled to receive 
 in pay it such employee were alive and continued to be employed: Provided, That if 
 the widow shall die at any time during the said year her portion of said amount shall 
 be added to the amount to be paid to the remaining beneficiaries under the provisions 
 of this section, if there be any." 
 
 [H. E. 20995, sixty-second Congress, second session.] 
 
 In the House of Repbbsentatives. 
 
 February 28, 1912. 
 
 Mr. Howland introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committed 
 on the Judiciary and ordered to be printed. 
 
 A BILL Granting to the civilian employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation 
 for injuries sustained in the course of their employment. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America 
 in Congress assembled, That on and after the passage of this act the United States 
 shall be liable to its civilian employees whose compensation is, or probable earnings 
 are, less than at the rate of three thousand dollars per annum, including as well those 
 employed under the Isthmian Canal Commission and by the Panama Railroad and 
 Steamship Line, for an injury or death by accident arising out of or in the course of 
 the injured person's employment; and for the purpose of this act any injury sus- 
 tained while the employee is pursuing the usual and most direct route from and to 
 the entrance to the reservation, to and from his place o,t employment therein, shall 
 be deemed as having been received in the course of the injured person's employment. 
 No compensation shall be paid under this act unless such injury shall continue for 
 more than five days, or where it is proved that the injury or death is occasioned by 
 his willful intention to bring about the injury or death of himself or of another, or 
 that the same resulted from his intoxication while on duty. All questions as to 
 whether the claimant is entitled to compensation under this act and all questions aa 
 to such wiUful intention or aa to such intoxication shall be determined by the Secre- 
 tary of Commerce and Labor under such regulation as he may prescribe for each 
 bureau or independent ofiice. 
 
 Sec. 2. That it shall be the duty of the injured employee, immediately upon the 
 happening of the accident, or as soon thereafter as practical, and not later than thirty 
 days thereafter; likewise in case of his death by such accident, the duty of one or 
 more of the dependents of the employee within thirty days thereafter, to give or 
 cause to be given to his official superior or to the Secretary of Commerce and Laltor 
 a notice of such accident, setting forth in ordinary language the time, place, partic- 
 ulars thereof, the name of the injm-ed employee, his class of service, and the address 
 of the injured employee or person giving the notice: Provided, That for good cause 
 shown to the satisfaction of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor the thirty days' 
 notice, hereinbefore stipulated, may be waived. 
 
 Sec. 3. That when an accident occurs to any employee which results in death 
 or a probable incapacity for work, it shall be the' duty of the ofiicial superior of such 
 employee to at once report such accident and the injury resulting therefrom to the 
 head of his bureau or independent office, and his report shall be unmediately com- 
 municated through regular official channels to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 
 Such report shall state: First, the time, cause, and nature of the accident; second, 
 whether the accident arose out of or in the course of the injured person's employ- 
 ment; third, whether the acpident was due or was occasioned by the employee's 
 willful intention to bring about the injury or death of himself or another, or resulted 
 from his intoxication while on duty; fourth, any other matters required by such 
 rules and regulations as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may prescribe. The 
 
FEDERAL employees' COMPENSATION. 7 
 
 head of each department or independent office shall have power, however, to charge 
 a special official with the duty of making such reports. 
 
 Sec. 4. That the first five calendar days of disability resulting from any injury 
 shall be excluded from the period of time for which compensation is hereinafter 
 allowed: Provided, That during said five days the United States shall furnish all 
 medical and surgical aid and assistance that may be reasonably required, including 
 hospital services. 
 
 Sec. 5. That after the expiration of the five days mentioned in the foregoing sec- 
 tion the United States shall continue to furnish such medical and surgical aid and 
 assistance as may be reasonably required, including hospital service, in an amount 
 not exceeding two hundred dollars, unless such employee elects to furnish his own' 
 physician or surgeon, or care for himself. The compensation hereinafter provided 
 shall be in addition to all such surgical, medical, and hospital services as set forth 
 in this and the preceding section. 
 
 Sec. 6. That for all the purposes of this act the monthly wages of an employee shall 
 be twenty-six times the day's pay which such employee was receiving at the time 
 of the accident. Calculations of the percentage of wages herein mentioned shall be 
 based thereon. For the purpose of such calculation, no employee's wages shall be 
 considered to be more than one hundred dollars a month or less than fifty dollars a 
 month; except that where in any ciae the monthly wages of the employee are less 
 than twenty-five dollars per month, payment for the first twenty-foin- months of 
 disability shall not exceed the full amount of such monthly wages. All compensa' 
 tion under this act shall be paid monthly or at such stated times as may be prescribed 
 by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 
 
 Sec. 7. That compensation under this act shall be made in accordance with the 
 following schedule: 
 
 (A) Where death results from any injury, except in the cases provided for in sec- 
 tion nine, and except in those cases in which, in certain contingencies, a reduced 
 period is hereinafter provided for, the following amounts shall be paid for a period 
 of eight years from the date of the death. 
 
 (1) If the deceased employee leave a widow and no child under the age of sixteen, 
 and no dependent child over the age of sixteen, there shall be paid to the widow forty 
 per centum of the monthly wages of the deceased. 
 
 (2) If the deceased employee leave a widow and any child under the age of sixteen, 
 or any dependent child over the age of sixteen, there shall be paid to the widow for 
 the benefit of herself and such child or children fifty per centum of the monthly wages 
 of the deceased. 
 
 (3) If the deceased employee leave any child under the age of sixteen, or dependent 
 child over the age of sixteen, but no widow, there shall be paid, if one such chilid, 
 twenty-five per centum of the monthly wages of the deceased to such child, and if 
 more than one such child ten per centum additional for each of such children, not to 
 exceed a total of fifty per centum of the monthly wages of the deceased divided among 
 such children, share and share alike: Provided, That if the number of children entitled 
 to payment be subsequently reduced to less than four, the amount of the payments 
 shall be correspondingly diminished. 
 
 (4) In the event of the death or remarriage of a widow receiving payments under 
 subdivision (2) of this clause, the amounts stated in subdivision (3) shall thereafter be 
 paid to the child or children of the deceased employee therein specified for the unex- 
 pired part of the period of eight years from the date of the employee's death, subject 
 to the provisions of subdivision (9) of this clause (A). 
 
 (5) If the deceased employee leave no widow or children entitled to any payment 
 hereunder, but leave a parent or parents, there shall be paid, in case of partial depend- 
 ency, fifteen per centum of the monthly wages of the deceased to such parent or parents, 
 and if either is or both parents are wholly dependent on the deceased there shall be 
 paid in lieu of the fifteen per centum, if only one parent, twenty-five per centum of 
 the monthly wages of the deceased, of if both parents, forty per centum of the monthly 
 wages of the deceased, to such parent or parents. 
 
 (6) If the deceased leave no widow or child or parent entitled to any payment here- 
 under, but leave any brother, sister, grandparent, or grandchild wholly dependent 
 upon him for support, there shall be paid to such dependent relative, if but one, 
 twenty per centum of the monthly wages of the deceased, or if more than one, thirty 
 per centum of the monthly wages of the deceased, divided among them share and sh^-e 
 alike. If none of such relatives is wholly dependent and the deceased leave any such 
 relative or relatives partially dependent upon him for support, there shall be paid 
 to such dependent relative or relatives ten per centum of ihe monthly wages of the 
 deceased, divided among them share and share alike. 
 
8 FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 (7) If tihe monthly payments for a death hereunder are at the rate of not more than 
 fifteen dollars per month, there shall be paid a contribution of seventy-five dollars 
 toward the bunal expenses: Provided, however, That where no compensationn for death 
 of an employee caused as defined by section one of this act is payable hereunder there 
 shall be furnished by the United States a reasonable burial expense not exceeding 
 one hundred and fifty dollars. 
 
 (8) If compensation is being paid under this act to any dependent, such com- 
 pensation, unless otherwise provided for herein, shall cease upon the death or mar- 
 riage of such dependent, and in case the dependent be a child, shall cease upon such 
 child reaching the age of sixteen, unless dependent, and then when such child shall 
 cease to be dependent. 
 
 (B) Where permanent total disability results from any injury, there shall be paid 
 to the injuied employee fifty per centum of the monthly wages of such employee 
 during the remainder of his life. In the following cases it shall, for the purposes of 
 this section, be conclusively presumed that the injury resulted in permanent total 
 disability, to wit: The total and irrevocable loss of sight in both eyes, the loss of both 
 feet at or above the ankle, the loss of both hands at or above the wrist, the loss of one 
 hand and one foot, an injury to the spine resulting in permanent and complete 
 pwalysis of the legs or arms, and an injury to the skull resulting in incurable imbe- 
 cility or insanity. 
 
 (C) Where temporary total disability results from any injury there shall be paid 
 fifty per centum of the monthly wages of the injured employee during the continuance 
 of such temporary total disability.. 
 
 (D) Where permanent partial disability results from an injury — 
 
 (1) An amount equal to fifty per centum of his wages shall be paid to the injured 
 employee for the periods stated against such injuries, respectively, as follows: In 
 case of — 
 
 The loss by separation of one arm at or above the elbow joint, or the permanent and 
 complete loss of the use of one arm, seventy-two months. 
 
 The loss by separation of one hand at or above the wrist joint, or the permanent 
 and complete loss of the use of one hand, fifty-seven months. 
 
 The loss by separation of one leg at or above the knee joint, or the permanent and 
 complete loss of the use of one leg, sixty-six months. 
 
 The loss by separation of one foot at or above the, ankle joint, or the permanent and 
 complete loss o^the use of one foot, forty-eight mo.'iths. 
 
 The peimaneat and complete loss of hearing in both ears, seventy-two months. 
 
 The permanent and complete loss of hearing in one ear, thirty-six months. 
 
 The permanent and complete loss of the sight of one eye, thirty months. 
 
 The loss by separation of a thumb, thirteen months; a first finger, nine months; a 
 second fmger, seven months; a third finger, six months; a fourth finger, five months. 
 
 The loss of one phalanx of a thumb or two phalanges of a finger shall be considered 
 equal to the loss of one-haU of a thumb or of a finger, and compensation for one-half 
 of the above periods shall be payable. 
 
 The loss of more than one phalanx of a thumb and more than two phalanges of a 
 finger shall be considered as the loss of an entire thumb or finger. 
 
 The loss by separation of a great toe, nine months; any other toe, four months. 
 
 (2) In aU other cases of injury resulting in permanent partial disability the com- 
 pensation shall bear such relation to the periods stated in subdivision one of this 
 clause (D) as the disabilities bear to those produced by the injuries named iherem, 
 and pajToaents shall be made for proportionate periods, not in any case exceeding 
 seventy-two months. 
 
 (E) Where temporary partial disability results from an injury, the employee, if he 
 is unable to secure work, shall receive fifty per centum of his wages durmg the con- 
 tinuance of such disability; but such payment shall not extend beyond me period 
 fixed for payment for permanent partial disabilities of the same character; and if 
 the employee refuses to work after work is furnished or secured for him by the em- 
 ployer, he shall not be entitled to any compensation for such disability during the 
 continuance of such refusal. If the employee is at work at reduced wages, he shall 
 receive compensation according to the method provided in section eight. 
 
 Sec. 8. That compensation in any case of injury shall not accrue while the injured 
 employee is at work for which he receives wages which do not fall below ninety per 
 centum of the wages he was receiving at the time of the injury, as limited by the 
 provisions of sections six hereof. If his wages fall below such ninety per centum, an 
 amount of compensation shall be payable equal to the difference between said ninety 
 per centum and such wages, not to exceed, however, fifty per centum of the monthly 
 wages he was receiving at the time of the accident, determined according to the pro- 
 visions of section six. 
 
PEDEEAIi EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 9 
 
 The time during which the employee is at work shall effect a reduction to that extent 
 in the aggregate period for which payments would otherwise be made. 
 
 Sec. 9. That should an employee who sustains an injury resulting in permanent 
 total or permanent partial disability die from any cause at any time, or should an em- 
 ployee who sustaiiis an injury resulting in temporary total or temporary partial disabil- 
 ity die as a result of such injury after five days of disability, the amount payable shall 
 be ascertained as follows: 
 
 First. By computing the amount which would have been payable under clause (A) 
 Of section seven, if death had immediately resulted from the accident and the depend- 
 ents existing at the time of the accident entitled to compensation had remained so 
 entitled for a period of eight years, except in cases covered by subdivision seven of 
 section seven hereof, in which the amount shall be taken as one year's wages of the 
 deceaaed employee. 
 
 Second. By deducting from such amount a sum equal to the payments for the 
 period between the accident and the death, which, if the accident had immediately 
 resulted in death, the United States, by reason of the happening of any of the con- 
 tingencie.s mentined in clause (A) of section seven, would have been relieved from 
 making. 
 
 Third. By deducting from the remainder so ascertained the amount of the com- 
 pensation paid up to the time of death under clause (B), (C), (D), or (E), of section 
 seven, or under section eight. 
 
 The amount so ascertained shall be paid to the dependents, if any, of such employee, 
 living at the time of his death, in the same amojints and subject to the same contiugen- 
 cies as if compensation had been payable to them under clause (A) of section seven 
 by reason of their having been dependent at the time of the accident: Provided, That 
 should an employee who sustains an injury resulting in permanent partial disability 
 die from cause other than the injury at any time, the liability of the United States 
 shall not exceed the unpaid balance of the amount which, if the injured employee had 
 lived, would have been paid under clause (D), section seven, or under section eight. 
 
 Sec. 10. That if, in an .accident, an employee receive an injury resulting in perma- 
 nent partial disability and in the same accident receive additional injury, which, by 
 itself, entitles him to compensation, or if he be injured in the service of the United 
 States while entitled to or receiving payments for a previous injury, the amount of 
 the monthly payment to him for such combined injuries shall be computed as for a 
 single injury as provided for and limited by section six hereof, but in such case the 
 periods of time prescribed for such combined injuries, severally, shall be added 
 together: Provided, That where any of such periods is less than three months, the 
 same shall not be added, but shall be disregarded. 
 
 If an employee receive an injury, which, of itself, would only cause permanent par- 
 tial disability, but which, combined with a previous injury, does in fact cause perma- 
 nent total disability, the United States shall be liable as for a permanent total 
 disability. 
 
 Sec. 11. That where in any case payments have continued for not less than six 
 months application to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor for an order commuting 
 the future payments to a lump sum may be made. The application may be granted 
 where it is shown to his satisfaction that the payment of a lump sum in lieu of future 
 monthly payments will be for the best interest of the person or persons receiving or 
 dependent upon such compensation. Where the commutation is ordered the Secre- 
 tary of Commerce and Labor shall fix the lump sum to be paid at an amount which 
 will equal the total sum of the probable future payments, capitalized at their present 
 value upon the basis of interest calculated at five per centum per annum with annual 
 rests. Upon paying such amount all further liability on account of the injury or death 
 shall cease. 
 
 Sec. 12. That whenever any employee is injured, or killed, under such circum- 
 stances that the employee or his or her legal representative would have an action in 
 civil damages against a third party, then payment to said employee or his or her legal 
 representative of the compensation hereinbefore provided shall entitle the United 
 States to be subrogated to the rights of said employee or his or her legal representative 
 against such third party. 
 
 Sec 13. That payments under this act are only to be paid to the beneficiaries or 
 their legal representatives other than assignees and shall not be subject to the claims _ 
 of creditors. 
 
 Sec 14. That the United States shall not exempt itself from liability under this act 
 by any contract, agreement, rule, or regulation, and any such contract, agreement, 
 rule, or regulation shall be pro tan to void. 
 
 Sec 15. That all acts or parts of acts in conflict herewith or providing a different 
 scale of compensation or otherwise regulating its payment are hereby repealed. 
 
10 FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 STATEMENT OF HON. FREDERICK H. GILLETT, A REPRESENTA- 
 TIVE FROM THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Mr. GiLLETT. I am obliged to you, Mr. Chairman, for allowing me 
 to express my opinion now. I will do it very briefly, and others 
 will more fully explain the purposes and reasonableness 6t this bill. 
 I understand, also, that another bill is to be considered at the same 
 time, a bill which Mr. Sterling introduced, which is similar to this 
 bill. This bill is simply an amendment to the compensation bill 
 which passed three or four years ago. 
 
 The Chairman. What change does it make? 
 
 Mr. GiLLETT. It is very much the same. The substantial change 
 is this: That where that bill allowed, in case of permanent injury, the 
 amount of one year's work as compensation this allows not less 
 than $3,500 nor more than $7,500, and in case of death this allows 
 not less than $2,500 and not more than $5,000. That is the sub- 
 stantial change. There are one or two minor changes which will be 
 pointed out to you. 
 
 That bill that was passed before — I think I may claim to have 
 originated the law, because a great many years ago I introduced a bill, 
 which was based on the principle of alloAving an injured employee to 
 bring suit against the Government. Your committee concluded that 
 that was not a wise poHcy, and there was a compromise between the 
 various bills, and the one which is now law was passed, which allows 
 an employee injured in the line of duty, if he is temporarily injured, 
 the expenses of his illness and the compensation which he would 
 receive if he was still on duty, and in case the injury becomes perma- 
 nent, the law allows him one year's compensation, that to be deter- 
 mined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 
 
 The Chairman. This allows him five 
 
 Mr. GiLLETT.' It allows him seven, as the extreme limit, and limits 
 it to not more than $7,500 and not less than $3,500. 
 
 The Chairman. We must have the wrong bill. This shows not less 
 than $1,000. 
 
 Mr. GiLLETT. You are looking at the case of death, I thinly. I am 
 talking about permanent injury. There is a difl'erence between a case 
 of death and a case of permanent injury. 
 
 One reason for my interest in this Ibill, Mr. Chairman, is that in my 
 district there is one of. the large Government institutions, the Spring- 
 field Arsenal, where there are a very large number of men, and since 
 I have been in Congress a number of extremely hard cases have hap- 
 pened there. One of the hardest cases was a case where a man was 
 employed on the second floor, and down below him they were making 
 a test, and a bullet deflected and went up and shot him in the leg while 
 he was at work. Under the law he had no recovery, until this bill was 
 passed. 
 
 There are constantly occurring accidents of that kind, where men 
 are seriously maimed or permanently injured, and in order to increase 
 the compensation and give them something which is more adequate 
 for the real loss which they suffer this a,mendment has been introduced. 
 
 You will recognize, of course, that for a man who is permanently 
 disabled, as one man was, just before this law went into effect, by the 
 loss of his eyes, that to give him one year's compensation was utterly 
 inadequate for the loss he really received. He was disabled for life. 
 
FEDEBAL. EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 11 
 
 The men in the Springfield Armory probably average $2.75 a day, 
 about $800 a year, and for a man to receive $800 for the loss of his 
 eyesight is, I am sure you will say, entirely inadequate. 
 
 The bill which was passed, allowing one year's compensation, was 
 something. It was a first step, and I offer this amendment, thinking 
 that this does not go beyond what a man is fairly entitled to. My 
 personal opinion is and always has been that the fair way is to treat 
 the Government, when it goes into a business, just exactly as every 
 other corporation is treated, and to have them throw off their sov- 
 ereignty and come into court and to have estabhshed before a jury 
 what a fair compensation is. I do not know why the United States 
 should not be wilhng when it goes into business to accept the ordi- 
 nary liabiHties that attach to business, and, as I say, it was the bill 
 which I originally introduced which I always favored. But the Judi- 
 ciary Committee and the House determined otherwise, and the law 
 now is that the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall determine the 
 hability and shall never give more than one year's compensation, and 
 this bill is simply introduced to increase that from one year, at the 
 discretion of the department, to seven years, and never to go beyond 
 $7,500 in case of permanent injury and never beyond $5,000 in the 
 case of death. 
 
 Mr. HowLAND. Does this broaden the scope of the classes of 
 employees ? 
 
 Mr. GiLLETT. I think not at all. 
 
 Mr. HowLAND. I thought possibly the language "civihan em- 
 ployees" might be broadening it. 
 
 Mr. GiLLETT. Oh, yes; it does. The first bill applied only to 
 employees engaged in hazardous undertakings; this does very 
 largely increase the scope of that bill. I had not looked at this bill 
 for some months until this morning, and I have somewhat forgotten 
 the details. The details I will leave to be discussed later. I simply 
 wish to express my general interest in the bill, and the reason that I 
 had for introducing it, and the reasons which it seems to me require 
 that the committee should give it very careful and, it seems to me, 
 very favorable consideration. 
 
 Mr. HowLAND. May I ask if you have taken into consideration the 
 suggestions which have been offered 
 
 Mr. GiLLETT. No; I did not. I had not seen that until this morn- 
 ing, when it was brought to my attention. 
 
 The Chairman. We will now be glad to hear from Mr. Gardner. 
 
 STATEMENT OF HON. A. P. GARDNER, A REPRESENTATIVE 
 FROM THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Mr. Gaednek. I would hke to say what I have to say at this time, 
 Mr. Chairman. One of my reasons for favoring this bill is that it 
 increases the scope of the number of employees — that is, the classes of 
 employees — taken care of. It increases them beyond those in haz- 
 ardous occupations. The law says: 
 
 That when, on or after August first, nineteen hundred and eight, any person em- 
 ployed by the United States as an artisan or laborer in any of its manufacturing es- 
 tablishments, arsenals, or navy yards, or in the construction of river and harbor or 
 fortification work, or in hazardous employment on construction work in the reclama- 
 tion of arid lands or the management and control of the same, or in hazardous employ- 
 ment under the Isthmian Canal Commission, is injured in the course of such employ- 
 ment, such employee shall be entitled to receive for one year thereafter, unless such 
 
12 FEDEEAI, employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 employee, in the opinion of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, be sooner able to 
 resume work, the same pay as if he continued to be employed, such payment to be 
 made under such regulations as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may prescribe: 
 Provided, That no compensation shall be paid under this act where the injury is due 
 to the negligence or misconduct of the employee injured, nor unless said i^uiy shall 
 continue for more than fifteen days. All questions of negligence or mistoiIiffii|'Bhall 
 be determined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 
 
 |f Also, I am in favor of the bill for the reasons that Mr. GiUett has 
 given, and principally because it increases the lil)erality of the 
 compensation. The compensation as now provided for would be 
 considered preposterously low by a private corporation, and for that 
 reason I ask that this bill be favorably reported, or that its provisions 
 be favorably considered in any other bill that you wish to report. 
 As to the question of salary, I do not think I would be able to say 
 anything about that. One of the great questions that has been 
 raised has been the question of payment in a lump sum or payment 
 by degrees. Now, I have no opmion to offer on that. But it you are 
 going to decide on a lump sum, I advocate the figures in Mr. GiUett's 
 bill. If you are not going to do that, but are going to decide on a 
 continuing obhgation of the Government, that is another matter, 
 "which the committee will undoubtedly take up. 
 
 Mr. HowLAND. My question was simply directed to the matter of 
 the uniformity of this class of legislation, because the workman's com- 
 pensation commission legislation only covers interstate-commerce 
 employees. 
 
 Mr. Gardner. I quite understand. I merely mentioned that on 
 account of the question of the continuing Government obligation 
 instead of discharging it in one lump. I nave not any opimon to 
 express on that. 
 
 The Chairman. We will now hear from Mr. Harris. How much 
 time do you desire. 
 
 Mr. Harris. I merely want to express my approval of this bill 
 and my hope that the matter will be favorably considered. 
 
 The Chairman. Will you point out to us, in just a brief word, just 
 what changes this bill makes in the present law ? 
 
 Mr. Harris. It is limited somewhat in its application. This is a 
 general law, covering all civilian employees; ana I am in favor of it, 
 without taking any more time, for the reason that Mr. GiUett and 
 others have given. 
 
 The Chairman. We will now hear from Mr. Curley. 
 
 STATEMENT OF HON. JAMES. M. CURIEY, A REPRESENTATIVE 
 FROM THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Mr. CuRLET. Mr. Chairman, I am in identically the same position as 
 Judge Harris and Congressman Gardner and simply desire to be re- 
 corded in favor of this. proposition. I would like to refer you to this 
 report of the Judiciary Committee of the Sixtieth Congress. The 
 bill itself is sinaply an improvement on the existing law and is the 
 residt of some four years of endeavor to secure adequate legislation 
 for Government employees on the part of Mr. GiUett and those men 
 who represent the various branches of the Government service. I 
 want to say I am heartily in accord with their wishes and trust the 
 committee will consider it with favor. 
 
FEDEBAL EMPLOYEES* COMPENSATION. 13 
 
 STATEMENT OF MR. GEORGE L. CAIN, PRESIDENT NATIONAL 
 lEAGUE OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES, LYNN, MASS. 
 
 Mr. Cain. Mr. Chairman, I wish to speak in behalf of the bUls you 
 have now before you, and to say that I favor the bill No. 1681. 
 
 The Chairman. I wish you would point out just what changes the 
 biQ makes in the present existing law. 
 
 Mr. DoDDS. Have you examined the Gillett bill? 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes, sir. 
 
 Mr. DoDDs. And the SterUng bill ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes, sir. 
 
 Mr. DODDS. In what respects do they differ ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. The Sterhng biU and the Gillett bill? 
 
 Mr. DoDDS. The bills Nos. 1681 and 1695. 
 
 Mr. Cain. With the single exception which can be found on page 2, 
 I think the Gillett biU is a better bill than the Sterhng bill, which is 
 No. 1695. You will find that on the third Une — 
 
 for an injury or death by accident arising out of or in the course of the injured per- 
 son's employment; and for the purposes of this act any injury sustained while the 
 employed is pursuing the usual and most direct route from and to the entrance to the 
 reservation to and from his place of employment therein shall be deemed as having 
 been received in the course of the injured person's employment. No compensation 
 shall be paid under this act unless such injury shall continue for more than five days, 
 or where the injury is due to serious and willful misconduct on the part of the employee 
 injured. All questions of misconduct shall be determined by the Secretary of Com- 
 merce and Labor. That where incapacity for work results from such an injury as is 
 hereinbefore referred to, the employee so injured shall be entitled to receive the same 
 compensation as if he continued to be employed, such pajrments to be made monthly 
 under such regulations as the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may prescribe. 
 Where incapacity for work resulting from an injury hereinbefore described has con- 
 tinued for SIX months, the Secretary, of Commerce and Labor shall cause an exainina>- 
 tion to be made, as hereinafter provided for, and, if it appear to him that such inca- 
 pacity is then permanent, he shall direct that the monthly payments shall cease, and 
 that in place tiereof the injured employee be paid a sum equal to seven tiirLes the 
 annual amount payable to the employee at the rate received by him at the time of 
 such examination, but not less than three thousand five hundred dollars nor more 
 than seven thousand five hundred dollars shall be allowed,. 
 
 The bill as introduced by Congressman Sterling has not that 
 provision in it. The reason for introducing this particular section 
 here is simply that in the Boston Navy Yard they have had a num- 
 ber of accidents to men going to and from their work, due to no 
 fault of the men. At the Boston Navy Yard they have three 
 entrances; two of the entrances are right on a level with the main 
 street, and the third entrance has six or seven steps exposed to 
 the weather. Snow and ice get on there, the men tramp on it and 
 it gets dangerous. Two men feU there; one man broke his wrist, 
 and was laid up for eight weeks, and another man had a very bad 
 accident, and we think that ought to be taken into consideration, 
 because it is not due to anything that the men as individuals can 
 rectify. 
 
 Mr. HowLAND. Would this bUl, the Gillett bill, be in substance 
 broad enough to substantially cover all the employees of the Fed- 
 eral Government injured in the line of duty? 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes, sir. 
 
 Mr. HowLAND. That is what you are trying to get at ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes, sir; that is what I am tj-ying to get at. The point 
 I want to bring out — the other point I want to speak of is in regard 
 
14 fedeeaij employees' compensation. 
 
 to the 15 days. We find that the 15 days in there is a httle bit too 
 long. I have personally known of several instances of where the 
 individual could have gone to work a good deal earher than the 15 
 
 The Chairman. The 15 days would come out of his sick leave? 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes; but every individual does not have sick leave. 
 They have no sick leave in the mechanical department. 
 
 The Chairman. They ought to have it. 
 
 Mr. Cain. I will admit that. The point is here; I know of two 
 particular instances — I do not wish to specify the names of the indi- 
 viduals, because I do not think that is right — but I do know that 
 those men stayed out the fuU 15 days in order that they could receiye 
 the compensation for the 15 days, whereas I beheve they could have 
 come to work in 9 or 10 days. I beheve if you wiU reduce that to 5 
 days you will strike a happy medium, and for that particular reason 
 those two sections were put in there, for the protection of the indi- 
 vidual. 
 
 Now, I wish to draw to your attention the revised draft of the 
 tentative bill of the compensation commission. I wish also to draw 
 your attention to section 4 on page 2. 
 
 The Chairman. What bill is that ? Is that the Sabath bill ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. This is the only bill. 
 
 The Chairman. Who is the author of the bill ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. This is the revised draft of the compensation com- 
 mission's 
 
 The Chairman. That comes from the commission? 
 
 Mr.. Cain. This is a bill that has been passed upon; by the railroads 
 of the country, and I believe that some of it ought to be drafted iato 
 any bUl that you report favorably for the Government employees, 
 and I trust that you* will look at it. 
 
 Mr. HowLAND. The committee will be obliged if you would submit 
 your suggestions in writing. 
 
 Mr. Cain. I will. 
 
 The Chairman. We are going to consider this bUl with a view to 
 reporting it, and we would like to have you pick from that such pro- 
 visions as you think would apply to Government employees. 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes, sir; I have gone over it carefully, but if you do 
 not wish to hear it, I will submit that. 
 
 The Chairman. With your permission, I will say that I think 
 Mr. Rowland has offered you a good suggestion, and I am quite sure 
 the committee would like to have you submit in writing the changes 
 proposed by the bill now under consideration — changes ia the exist- 
 ing law — and also any suggestions, as just iadicated by Mr. Howlandi. 
 Could you do that in the next few days ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes, sir; I will have it in your hands by Tuesday. 
 
 Mr. Howland. Those suggestions will be in the nature of an 
 amendment to the GUlett bill. 
 
 Mr. Cain. The point I want to impress on the committee is that 
 they ought to include each and every employee in the Federal Gov- 
 ernment. I want to draw to your attention an editorial taken from 
 the Washington Star under date of February 3, 1911, in regard to an 
 accident that happened in the Census Bureau entiiely out of line of 
 hazardous duties, and therefore I want to bring that to the commit- 
 tee's attention. 
 
 The Chairman. Just file that with the stenographer. 
 
FEDERAL, EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 15 
 
 The'editorial referred to is as follows : 
 
 [Washington Star, February 3, 1911.) 
 THE government's LIABILITY. 
 
 There should be no question about the pecuniary liability of the Government for 
 personal injuries such as those suffered by a young woman employee of the Census 
 Office the other day, whose scalp was torn from her head by an exposed shafting. If 
 under the existing statute this case is not covered, no time should be lost in the passage 
 of a special act granting an indemnity to the sufferer. Meanwhile it is proposed that 
 her fellow workers subscribe to a fund for her relief. Doubtless this movement, if 
 undertaken, will be successful in the accumulation of a generous sum. But the fact 
 that this is proposed is in a way a reflection upon the Government of the United States, 
 which should be prepared in all instances of the injury or death of a worker through 
 the lack of sufficient precautions against accident to pay promptly, upon proof of claim, 
 an adequate indemnity in order to prevent the financial distress occasioned by such 
 unexpected happenings. The average Government worker is not so well paid that a 
 sufficient fund to meet hospital expenses and doctor's bills can be laid aside for emer- 
 gencies; and when trouble comes money is needed quickly. Uncle Sam should be as 
 liberal and as prompt in such matters as the average private employer. 
 
 Mr. Cain. I have also other things that I would like to insert. 
 
 The Chairman. Just file whatever you have with the stenographer, 
 and we will put them in the record. Have you anybody else who 
 wishes to talk on that bill ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. Yes, I would like to have the representatives of the letter 
 carriers. Mr. Kelley would hke to say something. 
 
 The statement submitted by Mr. Cain is as follows: 
 
 Washington, D. C, February IS, 191^. 
 Hon. Charles 0. Caklin, M. C, 
 
 Chairmen of Subcommittee No. Ill of the House Judiciary Committee. 
 I forward herewith as per your request made at hearing February 10 that I file a 
 brief as to my views in regard to the Gillett compensation bill (H. R. 1681) and the 
 Sterling compensation bill (H. R. 1695). 
 
 It is my opinion that the Gillett bill is preferable, owing to certain special features 
 it contains. 
 
 (1) On page 2, beginning at line 5, H. R. 1681, we find "and for the purposes of this 
 act any injury sustained while the employed is pursuing the usual and most direct 
 route from and to the entrance to the reservation to and from his place of employment 
 therein shall be deemed as having been received in the course of the injured person's 
 employment." 
 
 This provision is considered specially desirable as cases have arisen in the past, two 
 of which I cited at the hearing on the 10th instant, where the injured employee was 
 unable to receive any compensation owing to the injury having been sustained outside 
 of his working hours, although due to no fault of said injured employee, and was 
 sustained within the confines of the reservation. 
 
 A number of cases other than those specified at hearing as coming within this scope 
 can be cited if deemed necessary. 
 
 (2) On page 2, beginning at line 10. "No compensation shall be paid under this 
 act unless such injury shall continue for more than five days." 
 
 The present compensation law, now in operation, requires the injured employee 
 to remain from work for at least 15 days in order to receive compensation for loss of 
 time due to disability. 
 
 Prom observation I find that an employee has to be seriously injured in order to be 
 absent from his employment this length of time; in fact the average time loet in the 
 cases I have observed is about 10 days. It is either necessary for the employee to 
 return to work in less than 15 days and thus lose claim for compensation, or be com- 
 pelled to prolong the time to 15 days or more in order to receive any compensation. 
 
 Had the time been placed at five days-in the bill, which is now a law, I think that 
 the aggregate amount paid out on account of this law would have been somewhat less 
 than has been the case. 
 
 Therefore, I believe that the adoption of this five-day clause will not tend to in- 
 crease but rather to greatly diminish the expense to the Government. I candidly 
 believe a shorter period and closer supervision will secure better results. 
 
16 
 
 FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 I am inserting for your information on this point a table relative to what other 
 countries are doing: 
 
 Minimum of time for 
 
 which compensation is allowed in various foreign countries. 
 
 Country. 
 
 Days. 
 
 Country. 
 
 Days. 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6. 
 
 ■gr 
 
 6 
 
 Belgium 
 
 « 
 
 
 New Zealand 
 
 « 
 
 
 South Australia 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 U 
 
 Austria 
 
 West Australia 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 
 Sweden 
 
 60 
 
 
 Denmark 
 
 78 
 
 
 
 
 
 Italy ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 start on day of injury. 
 
 In all other respects than the above-cited provisions, the Gillett (H. E,. 1681) and 
 Sterling (H. R. 1695) bills are practically identical. 
 
 I wish also to invite your attention to a comparison between the present operative 
 law, passed May 30, 1908, and the Gillett and Sterling bills. 
 
 The present law is limited in its scope, as it designates certain classes of employees 
 only as coming within its provisions. 
 
 The bills now before your honorable committee are more liberal and complete in 
 their scope. 
 
 The act of May 30, 1908; in my opinion, does not make adequate provision in cases 
 resulting in permanent injury or death, as but one year's pay is allowed in either case, 
 while the bills now under consideration provide not less than $3,500 nor more than 
 $7,500 in cases of permanent injury. In the event of accidental death where the 
 deceased leaves relatives wholly dependent on his earnings, not more than $5,000 nor 
 less than $2,000, and also other desirable features, such as compensations to relatives 
 partially dependent ^nd, in the event of deceased not having any relatives either 
 wholly or partially dependent, a burial fund of $150 is provided. 
 
 These features are very desirable a«id I sincerely trust will be adopted and reported 
 by your honorable committee. 
 
 Referring to the revised draft of a tentative bill as proposed by the United States 
 Employers' Liability and Workmen's Compensation Commission, as alluded to by 
 me at the hearing of February 10, 1912, I have this to say: 
 
 I believe that this proposed bill is far more liberal in its scope than either the Gil- 
 lett or Sterling bills now in the hands of your committee for consideration and action 
 as the following extracts will show. 
 
 Page 2, section 4, is as follows: 
 
 '"Hiat during said fourteen days the employer shall furnish all medical and surgical 
 aid and assistance that may be reasonably required, including hospital services?' 
 
 Page 2, section 5, is as follows: 
 
 "That after the expiration of the fourteen days mentioned in the forgoing section 
 the employer shall continue to furnish such medical and surgical aid and assistance 
 as may be reasonably required, including hospital services, in an amount not exceed- 
 ing two hundred dollars, unless such employee elects to furnish his own physician 
 or surgeon or care for himself. The compensation hereinafter provided shall be in 
 addition to all such surgical, medical, and hospital services as set forth in this and 
 the preceding section." 
 
 Page 29, section 21, paragraph (A), is as follows: 
 
 "Where death results from any injury, except in the cases provided for in section 
 twenty-three, the following amounts shall be paid for a period of eight years." 
 
 Page 32, section 21, paragraph (B), is as follows: 
 
 "Where permanent total disability results from any injury there shall be paid to 
 the injured emploj^ee fifty per centum of the monthly wages of such employee during 
 the remainder of his life. In the following cases it shall, for the purposes of this sec- 
 tion, be conclusively presumed that the injtiry resulted in permanent total disabiUty, 
 to wit: The total and irrevocable loss of sight in both eyes, the loss of both feet at or 
 above the ankle, the loss of both hands at or above the wrist, the loss of one hand 
 and one foot, an injury to the spine resulting in permanent and complete paralysis of 
 the legs or arms, and an injury to the skull resulting in incurabl( 
 
 insanity." 
 
 e imbecihty or 
 
FEDEEAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 17 
 
 Page 33, section 21, paragraph (D), is as follows: 
 
 "Where permanent partial disability results from any injury^ 
 
 " (1) An amount eq^ual to fifty per centum of his wages shall be paid to the injured 
 employee for the penods stated against such injuries, respectively, as follows: In 
 case of — 
 
 "The loss by separation of one arm at or above the elbow joint, or the permanent 
 and complete loss of the use of one arm, seventy-two months. 
 
 "The loss by separation of one hand at or above the wrist joint, or the permanent 
 and complete loss of the use of one hand, fifty -seven months. 
 
 "The loss by separation of one leg at or above the knee joint, or the permanent and 
 complete loss of the use of one leg, sixty-six months. 
 
 "The loss by separation of one foot at or above the ankle joint, or the permanent 
 and complete loss of the use of one foot, forty-eight months. 
 
 "The permanent and complete loss of hearing in both ears, seventy-two months. 
 
 "The permanent and complete loss of hearing in one ear, thirty-six months. 
 
 "The permanent and complete loss of the sight of one eye, thirty months. 
 
 "The loss by separation of a thumb, thirteen months; a first finger, nineteen months; 
 a second finger, seven months; a third finger, six months; a fourth finger, five months. 
 
 "The loss of one phalange of a thumb or two phalanges of a finger shall be considered 
 equal to the loss of one-half of a thumb or of a finger, and compensation for one-half 
 of the above period shall be payable. 
 
 "The loss of more than one phalange of a thumb and more than two phalanges of a 
 finger shall be considered as the loss of an entire thumb or finger. 
 
 The loss by separation of a great toe, nine months; any other toe, four months." 
 
 Page 34, section 21, clause (2): 
 
 "In all other cases of injury resulting in permanent partial disability the compen- 
 sation shall bear such relation to the periods stated in this clause (D) as the disabifities 
 bear to those produced by the injuries named in the schedule, and payments shall be 
 made for proportionate periods not in any case exceeding seventy-two months." 
 
 Page 34, section 21, paragraph (E) is as follows: 
 
 "Where temporary partial disability results from any injury, the employee, if he 
 goes to work, thall receive compensation according to the method provided in section 
 twenty-two. If he refuses to work after work is furnished or secured for him by his 
 employer, he shall not be entitled to compensation for such disability. If the em- 
 ployer does not so furnish or secure work for such employee, and the employee is unable 
 to secure other work, the employer shall pay to the injured employee fifty per centum 
 of his monthly wages during the continuance of such disability, butin no case shall the 
 payments extend beyond the period fixed for payments for permanent partial disabili- 
 ties of the same character." 
 
 I wish to draw your attention to the particular features of this paragraph, as it has 
 special reference to a case that happened at the Schuylkill Arsenal, Philadelphia, Pa., 
 in which the colonel of that arsenal absolutely refused to reemploy a man who had been 
 seriously injured whilst employed at that arsenal, and to-day that man is a cripple and 
 unable to secure sustenance for his proper support, owing to the injury received whilst 
 in the employ of the Government. 
 
 Mr. John J. Dugan, the man to whom I have reference, is an honorably discharged 
 soldier of the Spanish-American War with foreign service and several enlistments to 
 his credit, with service markings honest and faithful, and character markings excellent. 
 He was appointed a sergeant January 1, 1899, whilst serving in Cuda in the Fifteenth 
 Infantry, Company E. He has in his possession several excellent recommendations 
 from officers under whom he served. This is the only case of which I have knowledge 
 that where an employee of any of the industrial establishments of the Government 
 has been injured that they have not been reemployed after having been injured. 
 And since the agitation relative to Mr. Dugan at Schuylkill Arsenal all other employees 
 who have been so unfortunate as to receive injury have, upon reporting, been reem- 
 ployed. Why this discrimination no reasonable or satisfactory explanation has ever 
 been made by the commanding oflicer. 
 
 If your honorable comnaittee desires further information on this case I stand ready 
 and wilUng to transmit same for your consideration. 
 
 Page 30, section 28, lines 8, 9, and 10: 
 
 "That without otherwise affecting the meaning or interpretation thereof the phrase 
 "personal injury by accident arising out of and in the course of his employment." 
 
 Page 30, section 28, paragraph (a), commencing with line 11: 
 ^ "Shall not cover an employee except while he is engaged in, on, or about the prem- 
 ises where his services are being performed, which are occupied by or under the con- 
 trol of the employer, or while he is engaged elsewhere in or about his employer's 
 business where his service required his presence as a part of such service at tiie time 
 of the injury and subjects him to dangers incident to that employment." 
 
 36121—12 2 
 
18 
 
 FBDEEAl. EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 I have taken the above extracts from the revised draft of the tentative bill of the 
 United States Employers' LiabiEty and Workmen's Compensation Com^ssion with 
 a view of presenting them to the Judiciary Subcommittee No. Ill for their earnest 
 consideration, because I believe there ifi great merit in the plan ^4 its ^cope. I, 
 therefore, have quoted them to show to the committee what the otticials ot the raJU- 
 ijoads and other large interests that come under the jurisdiction of the Interstate Com- 
 merce Commission are wilUng to ^gree to do in the way of compensation for injury 
 Received by their employees in the line of duty, and this is as it should be, and will 
 prove to the best interest of the community and the country at large, as well as for the 
 individual interest and welfare of the wage earners under their charge. 
 
 I thoroughly behave that the United States Government should be a le^dgr i^ tljg 
 industrial world in those features that count so much for the advancement and wel- 
 fare of the employees under its charge. In other words, the United States Govern- 
 ment should be "a model employer." , T^ n j 
 
 I am inclosing several documents, marked " Exhibits A, B, C, and D, for your infor- 
 mation and consideration that have been prepared at my request by the Commissioner 
 of the Biureau of Labor, of the Department of Commerce and Labor, that will show 
 conclusively to your honorable committee the number of deaths and claims for acci- 
 dents and deaths that had been made a matter of record in the Bureau of Labor under 
 the compensation act as it now exists, and plainly shows the great need of increasing 
 both the amount of compensation and its scope. 
 
 I thank the chairman and members of the Judiciary Subcommittee for granting this 
 hearing and trust that a favorable report on the best features of aU bills will emanate 
 from the honorable committee. 
 
 I am, very truly, Geo. L. C ain. 
 
 National President National League ofOovemment Employees. 
 
 Exhibit A. 
 
 Department of Commerce and Labor, 
 
 Bureau of Labor, 
 Washington, January 23, 1912. 
 Mr. Gkokge L. Cain, 
 
 President National League of Government Employees, 
 
 La Grange Terrace, Lynn, Mass. 
 Dear Mr. Cain: I take pleasure in inclosing herewith a statement of the deaths 
 reported under the compensation act up to June 30, 1911. The table shows the num- 
 ber of deaths reported, which is somewhat larger than the number of claims made, 
 ioasmuch as some of them do not come within the scope of the act. Should you 
 desire information as to the number of claims made on account of death kindly notify 
 me and I will have such a table made and sent to ybu. 
 I am, very truly, yours, 
 
 G. W. W. Hanger, 
 Acting Commissioner. 
 
 Exhibit B. 
 Deaths reported under compensation act, by departments, 1908-1911. 
 
 11 moutlis, 
 
 August, 
 
 1908, to 
 
 June, 1909, 
 
 inclusive. 
 
 12 months, 
 
 July, 1909, 
 
 to June, 
 
 1910, inclu- 
 
 12 montlis, 
 July, 1910, 
 to June, 
 1911, inclu- 
 sive. 
 
 Isthmian Canal Commission. 
 
 Treasury 
 
 War 
 
 Navy 
 
 Interior 
 
 Agriculture 
 
 Commerce and Labor 
 
 Post Office 
 
 Government Printing Office . 
 Smithsonian Instittitlon 
 
 119 
 
 3 
 
 46 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 21 
 
 (') 
 
 4 
 15 
 
 Total. 
 
 233 
 
 1 Not reported. 
 
 2 Not including deaths on Isthmian Canal Zone. 
 
FEDERAL EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 
 
 19 
 
 Exhibit C. 
 
 Department os Commbkce and Labob, 
 
 BuEBAU OF Labor, 
 Washington, February 12, 1912. 
 Mr. George L. Cain, 
 
 President National League of Government Employees, 
 
 Manhattan Hotel, Washington, D. C. 
 Dear Sir: In conformity with your request, I am sending herewith a statement of 
 the deaths reported under the compensation act of May 30, 1908, by departments, for 
 the period of the existence of the act ending June 30, 1911; also, in accordance with 
 your further request, a statement showing the number of claims received on account 
 of death and the number allowed during the same period. 
 Hoping that the above will be found to meet your needs, I am, 
 Very truly, yours, 
 
 G. W. W. Hangjer, 
 Acting Commissions: 
 
 Exhibit D. 
 
 Deaths reported and claims on account of death under compensation act, by departments, 
 
 1908-1911. 
 
 
 1908-9 (H months). 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1910-11 
 
 Department. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Claims 
 
 re- 
 ceived. 
 
 Claims 
 
 al- 
 lowed. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Claims 
 
 re- 
 ceived. 
 
 Claims 
 
 al- 
 lowed. 
 
 Deaths. 
 
 Claims 
 
 re- 
 ceived. 
 
 Claims 
 
 al- 
 lowed. 
 
 Isthmian Canal Commission. 
 Treasury 
 
 119 
 3 
 46 
 18 
 19 
 1 
 5 
 21 
 
 S3 
 
 33 
 
 81 
 2 
 
 49 
 14 
 27 
 1 
 6 
 46 
 
 64 
 
 49 
 
 «4 
 49 
 19 
 10 
 
 « 
 
 C) 
 
 War 
 
 21 
 13 
 6 
 
 16 
 11 
 4 
 
 31 
 9 
 13 
 
 23 
 8 
 10 
 
 9 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 N^vy 
 
 7 
 
 Interior 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 IS 
 
 1 
 
 
 Post Office * 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 233 
 
 93 
 
 64 
 
 226 
 
 117 
 
 90 
 
 2 101 
 
 2 19 
 
 2 11 
 
 
 
 1 Not reported. 
 
 3 Not including deaths on Isthmian Canal Zone. 
 
 STATEMENT OF MR. WILLIAM E. KELLEY, PEESIDENT OF THE 
 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LETTER CARRIERS. 
 
 Mr. Kellet. I want to yield, with the permission of the com- 
 mittee, to our secretary, Mr. Cantwell. We appear here in support of 
 the recommendations of the Postmaster General and the First Assist-- 
 ant Postmaster General, in their annual reports, for the extension of 
 the act to cover letter carriers. I believe that Mr. Cantwell will sub- 
 mit some cases which have been brought to our attention recently, in 
 regard to accidents that have been met with by letter carriers on 
 trolley cars. 
 
 The Chairman. This bill includes all civilian employees of the Gov- 
 ernment; that would include the letter carriers. 
 
 Mr. Kelley. At our last convention we indorsed the Sterling Act, 
 and I am not enough conversant with the Gillett bUl to say whether 
 it would protect the letter carriers. 
 
 With your permission, Mr. Chairman, I would like to yield for a few 
 minutes to our national secretary, Mr. E. J. Cantwell, who will read 
 some data for the benefit of the committee. 
 
 The Chairman. We will give you five minutes. 
 
20 PEDEEAIi employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 STATEMENT OF MR. E. J. CANTWEIL, SECEETARY OF THE 
 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF lETTEK CARRIERS. 
 
 Mr. Cantwell. With your permission, instead of taking up your 
 time, I have a statement prepared and I will submit this to the ste- 
 nographer, and then the committee may read the statement in the 
 record at its leisure. 
 
 The Chairman. We would prefer it that way, because it will go 
 into the record. 
 
 The statement referred to is as follows : 
 
 Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the committee, it is my understanding that this 
 subcommittee has met here to-day for the purpose of listening to arguments on the 
 different bills introduced in this Congress for extending the employers' liability act, 
 approved May 30, 1908. This act grants to certain employees of the United States the 
 nght to receive from it compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their 
 employment, provided that such injury is not due to the negligence or misconduct 
 of me employee injured. This, I understand, is the first law ever enacted by Congress 
 which gives to certain employees of the Government the right analogous to that which 
 is enjoyed by citizens in States where the rigor of the old common-law doctrine of 
 fellow servant has been relaxed, so as to give the right of action against a common 
 employer for injuries sustained through the negligence of a fellow employee. I sub- 
 mit for your consideration a condition of afiairs surrounding the employees in the 
 postal service that I trust will appeal to your judgment when you take these different 
 bills under consideration for your action and recommendation to the Committee on 
 the Judiciary, of which you are such an important part. 
 
 The act of May 30, 1908, is one that I believe has met with the general approval of the 
 public, but is whoUy inadequate for the reason that it should extend tie same right 
 to all civilian employees to recover damages in case of personal injury while in the 
 line of duty as is enjoyed by those employees provided for in the act. 
 
 Under the present law those not covered in the act of 1908 can not recover damages 
 from the Government for injuries received unless it be by the enactment of a special 
 law governing a particular case, and I leave it to your good judgment whether it is 
 reasonable and fair to require employees to pursue this unsatirfactory method in each 
 particular case. Under this condition of affairs the result has been that only in excep- 
 tional and rare cases has the Government compensated an injured person, or his family 
 in case of death, and that, after years of waiting and effort to provide legislation for 
 relief. Even in cases where such relief has been granted, only a small per cent of the 
 money allowed on account of these injuries ever reaches the injured person or his 
 family. After the payment of costs and expenses and attorneys' fees, the injured 
 one may get a small pittance and even nothing at all, and that after years of litigation. 
 In the great majority of cases the injured employee, or the members of his family in 
 case of death, are entirely ignorant of the procedure necessary to be followed in having 
 a private bill introduced in Congress, and the result is that only the more-favored ones 
 or those having political friends to advise them ever find out that there is any possible 
 way that they could look for any redress. 
 
 Almost the entire burden of industrial accidents falls upon the injured worker and 
 his family; those least able to bear it. The brunt of the struggle has been, and still 
 is being, borne by sick and accident and death benefit associations to which tie aver- 
 age everyday workingman belongs, and if this slight protection has not been provided 
 for by an injured worker, both he and his family are left to the mercy of a cold and 
 unfeeling world. While the liability to injury is considerably greater in some voca- 
 tions than in others, yet when an accident does occur and the employee is injured, 
 there should be like protection for each, and there is no reason why the principle of 
 compensation should not apply equally to both. 
 
 The increasing use of labor-savmg machinery in the modern city post office makes 
 greater the liability to accidents. In the annual report of the Fust Assistant Post- 
 master General for the year ended June 30, 1910 (pp. 13 and 14), he states: 
 
 "In the office at New York alone there have been 4 employees killed and 64 inca- 
 pacitated for longer or shorter periods since August, 1908, as the result of injuries re- 
 ceived in the performance of their duties, yet it has not been possible for the depart- 
 ment to afford them or their families any assistance. The last accident occurred in 
 November, arid the employee, a letter carrier, met his death under the most harrow- 
 ing circumstances. The postmaster describes the accident in the following words: 
 'The carrier left the office on the 3.15 scheduled delivery on November 14, and on 
 
FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 21 
 
 the second floor of a building was caught between the elevator and the floor and 
 instantly killed. His head became jammed in the elevator and it required a squad 
 of men from the fire department, equipped with crowbars and other means of lever- 
 age, to pry up the car in order that the body mi^ht be released. He was a good, capa- 
 ble post-office man and his official record is without a blemish. After hu appoint- 
 ment to the regular force, feeling that he had secured a position which under ordinary 
 circumstances might last for many years, he married, and spent his savings in fur- 
 nishing a little home. To him and his wife came a baby 20 months ago. Out off 
 suddenly from the support of the sole breadwinner, the situation of widow and child 
 is a most precarious one.' The principle that the Government is obligated to offer 
 compensation to employees injured in the line of duty and to the families of those 
 who are killed under like circumstances is established not merely by the legislation 
 regarding railway postal clerks, but also by the act of May 30, 1908, which applies to 
 artisans and laborers employed by the United States in any of its manufacturing es- 
 tablishments, arsenals, or navy yards, or in certain construction work. Every argu- 
 ment in favor of its application to railway postal clerks or other employees of the 
 Government is equally fbrceful in support of its application to post-office employees." 
 Postmaster General Hitchcock in his annual report for the year ended June 30, 
 1911, page 25, recommends to Congress legislation for the benefit of all postal em- 
 ployees, as follows: 
 
 "compensation to injured employees. 
 
 "To extend to all postal employees injured in the line of duty the same privileges 
 and compensation now provided by, law to railway postal clerks: 
 
 "Any employee of the postal service who is disabled by accidental injury, not due 
 to his own negligence, received while performing his official duties, may be granted 
 leave of absence with full pay during the period of his disability, but not for more 
 than one year, and then at half pay for the further period of disability, if any, but 
 not exceeding one year additional; and if he dies within a year as a result of the 
 injury, leaving a widow, or children under 16 years of age, or dependent parents, 
 such widow, children, and dependent parents shall be entitled to receive, in such 
 portions as the Postmaster General may decide, the sum of |2,000." 
 
 Let me cite a few of the conditions surrounding the employment of letter carriers. 
 Aside from the many necessary rules and regulations governing these employees in the 
 discharge of their duties and for maintaining the proper discipline of the force, it might 
 Be well for you to know just what happens to a letter carrier in the event of his being 
 injured while on duty. If a carrier receives injuries which incapacitates him from 
 periprming his work, and the postmaster is notified, he sends a substitute out to cover 
 the district of the injured carrier, and from the time that the accident has been 
 officiaUy reported to the postmaster the pay of the injured employee ceases. If the 
 injury happens to be a serious one the postmaster is permitted under the regulations 
 of the department to grant leaves of absence for 30 days at a time to a period extend- 
 ing not more than 150 days. If the injured carrier is unable to resume his duties at 
 the end of that time, it is optional with the department whether they will grant any 
 further extension or not. The rule is that the carrier is permitted to resign with the 
 understanding that if he is able to resume his duties within one year that he can be 
 reinstated to his former position, but it is first necessary for him to get his postmaster 
 to recommend the reinstatement before it will be officially considered. While rules 
 and regulations are absolutely necessary to conduct our great postal service, it is indeed 
 a sad condition which requires such harsh measures. For the information of the 
 committee I will draw up a statement of cases that have been brought to our attention, 
 of letter carriers injured and killed in the performance of their duties, that I trust 
 you will also consider before making your report and recommendation on the measures 
 now being considered by this committee. ? 
 
 I have as'ked, at the conclusion of this statement, to be permitted 
 "to furnish the committee with a statement of the number of cases 
 that have been brought to our attention during the last few years 
 of injuries and deaths that have occurred in our service, and with 
 your permission I will file that statement in the next few days. 
 
 The Chairman". I wiU say to you that we will take care of the 
 letter carriers if we take care of anybody. I suppose your statement 
 will also show the accidents that have happened to rural letter car- 
 riers, carriers inthe Rural Free Delivery Service. 
 
22 FEDERAL, EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 Mr. Cantwell. I can not go into the details as to the rural carriers 
 very much, for the reason that the rural carriers form only a small 
 percentage of the members of the City Letter Carriers' Association, 
 and their own association is very small. 
 
 Mr. Clayton. But they ought to be embraced in the provisions of 
 this bill. 
 
 Mr. Cantwell. They certainly should; yes, sir. 
 
 Mr. Clayton. I think so. 
 
 Mr. Cantwell. I beheve that all the civilian employees ought to be 
 covered by this bill. 
 
 The Chairman. That is the language of the GUlett bill, and I think 
 the sentiment of the committee. 
 
 Mr. Kelley. For the benefit of Judge Clayton, I desire to call 
 attention to the fact that only yesterday a statement appeared in the 
 Washington Post, telling how a rural letter carrier was crossing the 
 ice in order to get to a point in the State of Ohio, and in crossiag the 
 ice he was drowned. That happened yesterday, and I believe, with 
 Judge Clayton, that this bill ought to embrace the rural free delivery 
 earners. 
 
 Mr. DoDDS. Is there anything in the Sterling bill that goes beyond 
 the Gillett bill ? 
 
 Mr. Cain. No, sir. They are identical, with the single exception 
 which I have quoted, here on page 2. 1 wish to introduce to the com- 
 mittee as the next speaker, Oongl-essman E> W. Roberts, of Massa- 
 chusetts. 
 
 The statement filed by Mr. Cantwell is as follows : 
 
 For the information of the committee, I submit herewith a statement of a number 
 of cases which have been brought to our attention of the letter carriers that received 
 injuri-ea while in the performance of their official duties. We have divided this list 
 into three parts as follows: 
 
 First. The cases of men whose deaths were caused by the injuries received. 
 
 Second. Cases of men severely inijured who were off lor long periods of time. 
 
 Third. Gases of men who received minor injuries that resulted in loss of time, 
 varying from one week to one month. 
 
 Group No. 1. 
 
 T. W. Richards, New York City; struck by wagon and killed. 
 
 S. Harmes, New York City; struck by street car while delivering special mail on 
 bicycle; killed. 
 
 T. O'Callahan, New York City; struck by automobile and killed. 
 
 J. P. Jones, New York City; struck by car; crippled for life, and died at the end 
 of six months' time. 
 
 Mr. C. Gereke, St. Louis, Mo.; killed in a runaway accident while delivering mail 
 in a mounted district, 
 
 T. F. Austin, St. Louis, Mo.j while collecting mail was run into by a street car 
 and received injuries from which he died in a few days. 
 
 Charles Baker, Wichita, Kans. ; run over by a heavy wagon and died in a few days. 
 
 A. J. Wells, Indianapolis, Ind.; while delivering maal fell and broke his knee 
 cap and received other injuries from which he died m two months' time. 
 
 Fred Ward, Indianapolis, Ind.; killed by street car. 
 
 Samuel McGill, Philadelphia, Pa. ; fell through an elevator shaft while delivering 
 mail and was killed, 
 
 M. E. Jewett, Columbus, Ohio; run down by an automobile and died from the 
 injuries after 14 weeks. 
 
 J. Turner, Columbus, Ohio, a collector of mail; was instantly killed in a trolley-car 
 collision. 
 
 S. Spicer, New York City; cruAed in elevator and died of injuries. 
 
 R. N. Thompson, Newark, N. J. ; fell and broke knee cap and received other injuries 
 which resulted in his death. 
 
FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 23 
 
 Ghoup No. 2. 
 
 Theo. Kleinknecht, Newark, N. J.; received injuries to his spine from a fall from 
 ■which he never recovered and was forced to resign from the service. 
 
 M. L. W. Norris, Newark, N. J.; sunstroke; off duty six months. 
 
 R. A. Joyce, Newark, N. J.; sprained ankle; off duty six weeks. 
 
 J. J. Coriah, Newark, N. J.; injuries to eye while riding to his district; off duty 
 seven weeks. 
 
 E. Simms, Newark, N. J.; fell on ice and received injuries to his head; off duty 
 eight weeks. 
 
 Geo. Renner, Newark, N. J.; broken leg; off duty six months, and after returning 
 to duty he broke his leg the second time and was off duty eight months. 
 N. Schenck, Newark, N. J.; broken leg; oft duty 2t) weeks. 
 
 F. Finn, run down by automobile; off duty five Weeks. 
 
 A. Gallubra, Newark, N. J.; injured by automobile; off duty 21 weeks. 
 
 M. Brerman, Newark, N. J.; injured his knee in fall; off duty three weeks. 
 
 C. H. Robb, injured his side carrying heavy loads of mail; off duty six months. 
 
 A. Freeman, received injuries on street car going to his district; off duty four inonths. 
 
 A. Freeman, Newark, N. J.; fell off stoop delivering mail; off duty five weeks. 
 
 W. H. Lahzer, Union City, Tenn.; fell and injured his knee; off duty five weeka^ 
 
 E. J. Wald, Indianapolis, Ind.; wagon collector; ruii into by railroad train; off duty 
 79 days. 
 
 M. A. Lbckwood, fell itroin automobile collection wagon; received fractured skull; 
 off duty ,51 days. 
 
 J. B. Wirt, Ihdiana,poli8, Ind.; inounted carrier; fell into excavation for a water 
 coiiduit and fractured his ankle; off duty 125 da;ys. 
 
 S. S. Tolin, Indianapolis, Ind.; injured by street car, which resulted in severe in- 
 juries which were given as the cause of his committing suicide. 
 
 J. Mathiaus, Indianapolis, Ind.; injured by fall on ice; off duty three inohths. 
 
 G.'P. Kibbe, foot crushed by street car; off duty four months. 
 
 A. Harlan, Indianapolis, Ind.; fell and broke three ribs; off duty six weeks. 
 
 W. S.. Warner, Indianapolis, Ind.; dislocated ankle; off duty eight weeks. 
 
 J. H. NaSh, St. iibuis, Mo.; 'slipped while carrying a heavy load of mail and suffered 
 a severe rupture, from which he will have to undeirgo an operation. 
 . is. Kummer, St. Louis, Mo.; was thrown while boarding a street car and broke 
 collar bone; off duty 46 days. 
 
 H. M. Crane, St. Louis, Mo.; fell and sprained his ^nkte; off duty two months. 
 
 G. Gerdes, St. Louis, Mo., a mounted carrier, run into by street car and received 
 seSreial injuries; off duty six weeks. 
 
 H. Scharpon, St. Louis, Mo.; fell and broke two ribs; off duty five weeks. 
 
 E. C. Pieifer, St. Louis, Mo.; slipped on ice and broke hie leg; off duty 85 days. 
 
 3. A. ItcCoy, New York City; fell and broke his knee cap; off duty eight weeks, 
 
 G. Semm, New York City; slipped on ice and sprained ankle; off duty eight weeks. 
 
 M. E. Cleafy, New York City; struck by automobile; off duty three months and 
 unable to perform more than one-half day's work at a time. 
 
 J. Hughes, N'ew York City; struck by street car; off duty six weeks. 
 
 W. Ca^in, New, York City; slipped' and sprained his ankle; off duty seveii weeks. 
 
 E. Miller, iifew Yoirk City; slipped on ice and broke ainklfe; off duty six weeks. 
 
 J. C. Schoenbom, New York City; slipped on street with heavy load of mail and 
 received severe hernia; off duty three moiithS. 
 
 A. Weickert, New York City; slipped on doormat and spraiiled his ankle; off duty 
 six *0eks. 
 
 V. IROsS, New York City; hurt in elevator; off dtity one month. 
 
 J. McCusker, New York City; fell and received injuries: off duty one month. 
 
 J. McCusker, kew Yot^ City; struck by Street car; off duty one month. 
 
 J. Madden, New York City; "fell into open basement and sprained ankle; off d'uty 
 five weeks. 
 
 T. J. Kane, New York City; struck by autoihobile and received injuries; off diity 
 three and one-half months. 
 
 W. J. Curtis, New 'York City; slipped on icy stoop; off duty two months. 
 
 A. Brbtker, fell and broke ankle; off duty seven and one-half weeks. 
 
 Williain McGay, New York City; fell while delivering mail and received iiijuHes 
 which laid him up for months. 
 
 W. S. Blail-, NeW York City; fell and received injuries which laid him up three 
 months. 
 
 P. P. Oarmaux, New York City; fell down coal hole in street, and received internal 
 injuries; off duty three months. 
 
24 FEDERAL. EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 J. M. Smythe, New York City; struck by street car; off duty one month. 
 
 R. F. Glass, Paterson, N. J.; sunstroke; off duty six months. 
 
 J. C. Welscher, struck by street car; off duty three months. 
 
 G. A. Arbuckle, Newburgh, N. Y.; broke his leg while delivering mail; off duty 5 
 months. 
 
 0. L. O'Dell, Newburgh, N. Y.; injured by fall; off duty 5 weeks. 
 
 F. Reed, Newburgh, N. Y.; injured by fall; off duty 7 weeks. 
 
 The foUo'v^ing carriers in San Francisco received ^njuries while performing their 
 duties: 
 
 F. W. Sink, fractured shoulder; oft duty 2 months; 
 
 F. S. Clelland, injury to spine from fall; off duty 1 month; 
 
 G. M. Ahrens, fractured patella; off duty 5 months; 
 
 T. M. McCarthy, contusion of knee capj oft duty 3 months; and 
 
 J. Burke, fractured arm and other injuries; oft duty 167 days. 
 
 W. H. Mitchell, San Antonio, Tex., mounted collector, received injuries in a run- 
 away which laid him up for 6 weeks. 
 
 S. G. Schnell, San Antonia, Tex., mounted carrier, ribs fractured in a fall; off duty 
 16 weeks. 
 
 E. Davis, Detroit, Mich., fell through an elevator shaft and received severe injuries. 
 
 C. J. Whipple, Detroit, Mich., while riding on bicycle to his district under a viaduct, 
 was struck by an oil barrel which fell from a freight car, and received injuries which 
 has paralyzed his limbs. 
 
 D. F. Holmes, Detroit, Mich.; leg broken while on duty; laid up two months. 
 W. F. Przybylowski, run down by railroad train; oft duty five months. 
 
 W. C. Reblin, Detroit, Mich. ; sprained ankle on two occasions; off duty nine weeks. 
 The names following from Grand Rapids, Mich., received injuries which disabled 
 them for different penods of time: 
 0. McNally, nine weeks. 
 H. Heering, seven weeks. 
 M. S. Heering, 23 weeks. 
 W. Signer, five weeks. 
 M. Lynch, five weeks. 
 
 L. A. Diller, Mechanicsburg, Pa.; fell and broke three ribs; off duty five weeks. 
 W. H. Gross, Reading, Pa.; fell and broke his arm; off duty 13 weeks. 
 J. S. Henne, Reading, Pa.; injured back, struck bystreet car; off duty seven weeks. 
 
 E. A. German, Readmg, Pa.; fell on ice and broke his finger; off duty nine weeks. 
 
 C. E. Monyer, Greensburg, Pa.; bitten by a vicious dog; off duty one month taking 
 treatment at a Pasteur institute. 
 
 W. H. Smith, Elizabeth, N. J.; fell and dislocated his kneecap; off duty three 
 Ssad one-half months. 
 
 R. Gerecke, Buffalo, N. Y., fell and broke both wrists; off duty six weeks. 
 
 S. Bruchshaw, Olean, N. Y.; while in discharge of his duties at a railroad station 
 was struck in the eye and lost the sight of it; off duty four weeks. 
 
 H. Schue, Olean, N. Y.; fell and broke his leg; off duty three months. 
 
 W. K. Soalzy, Nyack, N. Y.; fell and broke his kneecap; off duty six weeks. 
 
 D. C. Young, Burlington, Iowa; while making collection of mail at car bams 
 stumbled and fell into a pit and was crippledt-for life. 
 
 D. P. Dyer, Muscatine, Iowa; fell and fractured his kneecap and is probably 
 crippled for life. 
 
 M. J. Curran, Adams, Mats.; fell and broke his kneecap; off duty six months, but 
 could not resume his duties and was transferred to post-office clerk. 
 
 W. H. Bordley, Baltimore, Md.; fell and broke his kneecap; could not resume his 
 duties as carrier and was transferred to a clerkship at a reduction of salary of $200 per 
 annum. 
 
 0. R. Carrick, Baltimore, Ohio; fell and broke his kneecap; off duty five months. 
 A. I. Harrison, Baltimore, Ohio; fell and broke his leg; off duty six months. 
 
 M. J. Brady, Philadelphia, Pa.; fell and broke his kneecap; off duty 16 weeks. 
 R. H. Weaver, Harrisburg, Pa.; fell through an elevator shaft and intenuUy 
 injured; off dutv six weeks. 
 G. P. Satchel!, Harrisburg, Pa.; fell and broke his arm; off duty seven weeks. 
 
 1. P. Long, Wilkeo-Barre, Pa.; fell and broke several ribs; off duty six weeks 
 
 J. Wilkes, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; back injured in a trolley car accident; off duty one 
 month. 
 
 * P. J. Kennedy, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. ; fell and broke the bones of his finger; off duty 
 37 days. 
 
 M. Aungier, jr., Syracuse, N. Y.; struck in face by a lineman's pliers while col- 
 lecting mail from street letter box; lost one eye; off duty two months. 
 
FEDEKAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 25 
 
 W. F. Hayes, Syracuse, N. Y.; struck by trolley car, collar bone broken, head and 
 knee injured; off duty 13 weeks. 
 
 0. One, Syracuse, N. Y.; fractured his ankle; off duty 20 weeks. 
 
 0. McDowell; fell and injured his head severely, and suffers continually with 
 pains in his head. 
 
 C. J. Shaler, Dunkirk, N. Y.; totally disabled from injuries received and was com- 
 pelled to resig^ from the service. 
 
 J. piper, Fostoria, Ohio; suffered sunstroke, which resulted in loss of his sight and 
 is now a helpless invalid. 
 
 GROUP NO. 3. 
 
 Instead of giving the names, injuries, and time lost in group 3, I submit a general 
 statement that I believe will answer the purpose, but will gladly furnish the detailed 
 information should the committee require it. 
 
 We have on file reports of a large number of cases of letter carriers that received 
 injuries while performing their duties which incapacitated them for periods of time 
 ranging from five days to one month. These injuries were caused by falls on slippery 
 and icy pavements, which resulted in sprained and broken limbs and. internal injuries. 
 A number of men suffered from sunstroke and others were injured bystreet cars, auto- 
 mobiles, and runaway teams; others were bitten by vicious and rabid dogs, and in 
 nearly all these cases the carriers on the advice of a physician have taken treatment 
 in Pasteur institutes, and the expense to the men in these cases averaged about $200 
 each. 
 
 As the letter carriers and post-office clerks, like men in the mechanical trades, are 
 Only paid for the time they are actiiafly eniplOyed, I submit that the Government 
 should at least afford them the same protection aa is given to other workmen, the 
 right of compensation for injuries received while in the performance of their duties 
 and not caused through their own negligence. By doing this act of justice to these 
 deserving men your committee and Congress will be commended and your action in- 
 dorsed by the American people. 
 
 STATEMENT OF HON. E. W. ROBERTS, A REPRESENTATIVE 
 FROM THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Mr. Roberts. Mr. Chairman, I am not here to speak in the interests 
 of any particular class of Government employees, but to speak on the 
 general principle of the adequate compensation for injuries sustained 
 by all classes of Government employees in the course of their employ- 
 ment. 
 
 As you gentlemen know, it has been a long and up-hill fight to get 
 the Federal Government to recognize the principle of compensatmg 
 these workmen for injuries received in the Government service. Two 
 or three years ago I succedeed in getting through a bUl which, so far 
 as it went, was all right, and in one sense was a most important piece 
 of legislation, because it did commit the Government to the principle 
 of compensating employees. But that bill was not satisfactory to 
 those who beheved that the Government owed a duty to its employees, 
 in that it did not give them a requisite amount of compensation. 
 
 The Chairman. It did not apply to all employees ? 
 
 Mr. Roberts. It did not apply to all employees, but the bill was 
 important in that it did commit the Government to the policy. 
 Now that we have the Government committed, it seems to me time 
 that we should go ahead and give adequate rehef in these cases, and 
 to that end, wmle I have not studied all the bills that have been 
 before the committee, it seems to me the so-called Gillett bill covers 
 the ground more thoroughly, perhaps, than any other, and gives 
 a wider measure and a more adequate measure of rehef in cases 
 of death or serious accident than any other proposed. I am for 
 the fullest measure of relief that can be granted in such cases, and I 
 
26 FEDERAL employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 sincerely hope that the committee will look upon these bills favor- 
 ably and report that which is most advantageous to the workmen 
 for the action of the full committee and, I hope, for the action of 
 Congress. 
 
 Mr. Clayton. I may say, Mr. Roberts, that I was a member of 
 that committee when that act was passed, and the fact that it was 
 too Umited in its scope was recognized by the committere, but the 
 committee were apprehensive that unless it were passed in that 
 limited form they nught not get through any measure. 
 
 Mr. Roberts. As one of those favoring it, I took that view aii^ 
 thought it was better to get recognition, so that the full measure of 
 relief might be given in subsequent le^siation rather than imperil 
 the principle of the thing by demanding the full measure of relief at 
 the outset. 
 
 Mr. Clayton. You felt that the measure should have been com- 
 plete ? 
 
 Mr. Roberts. It should have been broader. 
 
 Mr. Clayton. But it being in the nature of an innovation, or a new 
 departure in legislation, we were apprehensive that perhaps some of 
 our congressional brethren might not favor us, and We did the best 
 we could. 
 
 Mr. Roberts. I think the friends of the measure quite appreciated 
 the attitude of the committee at that time. 
 
 Mr. Clayton. I quite agree with you that the measure was too 
 limited. 
 
 Mr. Roberts. It is almost a mockery iil many cases. 
 
 The Chairman. We will now hear from Mr. Sterling. 
 
 STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN A. STEELING, A REPRESENTATIVE 
 FROM THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 Mr. Sterling. Mr. Chairman, I desire to speak briefly conceriiing 
 this legislation, and in connection with my remarks oflFer some sta- 
 tistics ffom the Government Printing Office which, I think, prove the 
 wisdom of legislation of this character. n 
 
 The present law Ijecame operative May 30, 1908. I introduced ■& 
 bill resulting in that legislation, although that bill, as it finally became 
 a law, very greatly limited the amount of compensation and the num- 
 ber of employees that would come within its provisions ; it has, never- 
 theless, been very beneficial, in my judgment, not only to the em- 
 ployees, but to the Government also. This bill, and I speak with 
 reference to the one before you introduced by myself, applies t© all 
 Government employees, whether engaged in hazardous occupations or 
 not, and is more generous in the amount of compensation to be paid. 
 
 The first purpose of the bill is to pay compensation to Government 
 employees receiving injuries while on duty in the line of their employ- 
 ment. But in my opinion this is not the most important feature of 
 the bill. It will inevitably result in reducing the number of accidents. 
 
 A few days ago Mr. Percival Roberts, a director of the United 
 States Steel Corporation, testified before the committee engaged in 
 the investigation of that corporation. He spoke particularly of the 
 welfare plan adopted by the Steel Corporation for the benefit of iiS 
 employees. This welfare plan has several features, such as old-age 
 pensions, profit-sharing, compensation to injured employees, regard- 
 
FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION'. 27 
 
 less of the questions of negligence and assumed risk, and in addition 
 thereto a system of hospit^ service and treatment, together with 
 general sanitaiy and other safeguards to health, for the benefit of 
 the men and women employed. The plans of that corporation for 
 injured employees provide for payment for all personal injuries. As 
 a result of that plan, the corporation has organized what is known 
 as a committee of safety, whose duty it is to see to it that the best 
 and most modern safety appliances and methods are used in the vari- 
 ous departments. And the result of the work of this committee, Mr. 
 Roberts says, has been to reduce the number of personal injuries 
 and accidents 43 per cent since its adoption some three or four years 
 ago. In my opinion, a similar measure would be a great result or 
 achievement not only in Government work, but in all mdustrial pur- 
 suits, where workmen's compensation laws or regulations are in force. 
 
 To illustrate the effect of the present law, I desire to call the com- 
 mittee's attention to the work of the Government Printing Office. 
 It furnishes to us a concrete example of what may be done in a 
 humane way for the benefit of injured employees, but, what is still 
 more important, it illustrates what may be done for the prevention 
 of these accidents. It is very evident to every person who desires 
 to investigate that that office fully comprehends the purpose of 
 that law and the good that may result from it by its proper and 
 just observation. It has in its employ what is known as a medical and 
 sanitary officer. It has organized a very efficient medical bureau for 
 the treatment aAd relief of injured and sick employees. It appears 
 that the Public Printer, upon the passage of the law, deemed it 
 the duty of the Government in those divisions where the law was 
 applicable to reduce accidents to a minimum and to avoid serious 
 results or sequels from accidents so far as possible, and thereby to 
 reduce the cost to the Government to a minimum as well as relief 
 from pain and suffering to the employee. Dr. Manning, the chief 
 medical officer, tells me that the number of accidents has been 
 ^eatly reduced, although he is unable at this time to state the per 
 cent of reduction. This medical bureau that has been established 
 not only treats the injured and sick in the employ of that ofiice, 
 but it devises, as far as possible, safer methods and appliances, and 
 adopts sanitary regulations, all of which result not only in benefit 
 to the men and women engaged there, but it is also in the interests 
 of real economy. 
 
 I desire to insert here in the record a letter addressed to me by 
 Mr. Samuel B. Donnelly, the Public Printer, which gives us informa- 
 tion regarding the working of this medical department, and it also 
 shows Sie evident purpose of the Public Printer to do what he can 
 to minimize the number of accidents, and preserve as far as possible 
 the health and efficiency of the men in that office. I think it further 
 shows that the Government Printing Office appreciates the import- 
 ance as well as the benefits of the law, both to the Government and 
 to the employees. 
 
 The letter referred to is as follows : 
 
 Government Printing Oepicb, 
 Office of the Public Printer, 
 
 Washington, February 15, 191t. 
 Sir: In reply to your communication of February 10, 1912, addressed to the medical 
 offiicer, I have the honor to transmit, under another cover, copies of the Public Printer's 
 reports for the years 1909, 1910, and 1911, showing, by years, classified injuries received 
 
28 PBDERAX. employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 and the injuries treated, including compensation paid under the law, during the 
 period embraced within these three years, and which total some 5,238 medical and 
 surgical cases. • . j mi. 
 
 I regret that no reliable statistics exist beyond the dates mentioned. There was paid 
 from the appropriation for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1911, the sum of $4,302,407.56 
 ior wages and salaries in the Government Printing OflSce. 
 
 ■ For the payment of salaries of the chief medical and sanitary officer, on day duty, 
 $2,500; assistant medical and sanitary officer, on night duty, |2,40O; matron, $840; a 
 total of $5,740 is thus expended, or approximately one-seventh #{Lf|»er Cent of, the 
 total amount paid out as wages during the past fiscal year, including cost of mainte- 
 nance of the room. 
 
 In other words, out of every $100,000 disbursed as wages, a sum of $139 niay be de^ 
 ducted for the service rendered. 
 
 The establishment of the emergency room, was roade primarily to render prompt 
 modem first-aid treatment of injuries or wounds received during working hours, which 
 is BO essential in the prevention of physical injury sequels, and additionally to relieve 
 or alleviate the sufferings of those persons who are suddenly taken ill during the 
 working hours of the office. The tables shown in the Public Printer's reports sub- 
 mitted will acquaint you with the variety of these illnesses or medical cases, in 
 addition to showing the per cent enabled to remain on duty or obliged to be sent to 
 their respective homes or to general hospitals. 
 
 If the injury is of such a nature as to prevent the employee from continuing at his 
 duties, the case receives treatment by the private physician of the injured person. 
 During the past fiscal year 990 redressings were made of injuries received in tlie line 
 of duty, but which were not severe enough to cause the employee's absence, but whiti 
 nevertheless required redressings. ' ' 
 
 The employee is thus enabled to remain on duty when such is possible, without i 
 consequent resultant loss of pay, and at thfe same time the Giovemment receives in value 
 the respective services if the employee remains on duty, which would be otherwise lost. 
 
 In the prevention of accidents, every possible, practical method has been adopted 
 and enforced to reduce such casualties to a minimum. All contracts for new ma- 
 chinery contain a clause that safeguards or mechanical bulwarks must be placed on all 
 dangerous or even remotely dangerous points. In addition, the medical officer in 
 his rounds has orders to report apparent dangerous points. 
 
 A blank form is provided (copy submitted with other inclosures) upon which the 
 injury received is recorded and specific questions asked as to steps taken to prevent 
 a recurrence of the same injuries; the respective answers being checked and noted. 
 
 A system has been inaugurated whereby the employees of the outlying branches 
 of the Government Printing Office in the various departments will have the medical 
 service extended to them more fully in the future, wliich has not been possible here- 
 tofore, on account of the separation and distance from the main office, by the placing 
 in such offices remedial agents in the form of iirst-aid boxes. A copy of the labels 
 appearing upon the respective bottles and packages, together with the general in- 
 structions accompanying the box, are also being inclosed for your information. 
 
 You will please notice, upon consulting the labels, that a great deal of thought has 
 been expended upon the subject in order that the service thus rendered be effective, 
 simple, economic, and in a very great measure automatic or self-helpful; in other 
 words, a silent physician is constantly at their service to meet sudden demands. 
 
 A medical inspection of building is made at stated intervals to note the sanitary con- 
 ditions, and a report is rendered to me each week as to the state of affairs in this regard, 
 in order that insanitary conditions may be remedied. A copy of this blank is also for- 
 warded to you. 
 
 As rectuested by you a copy of such publications as bear directly or indirectly upon 
 the subject of which you request information and printed from time to time in the 
 various medical journals by the chief medical officer. Dr. William J. Manning, is 
 inclosed for your perusal should they interest you as concerns the welfare of employees 
 in manufactories from a medical aspect. 
 
 Personally I am intensely interested in any and all matters that will benefit working 
 conditions from an industrial point of view, and you are at liberty to use any part of 
 this letler or the whole of the subject matter that is inclosed, inclusive of literature, 
 in the hearings, under the present or other covers, bearing upon the matter in hand, 
 and about which you have made such earnest inquiries and in which you are most 
 certainly sincerely interested, as exemplified in the bills introduced by you from time 
 to time to improve the working coiiditions not only in the departments under the Gov- 
 ernment, but elsewhere. 
 
 Respectfully, yours, Saml. B. Donnelly, 
 
 „ -r . „ Public Printer. 
 
 Hon. .John A. Sterling, 
 
 House of Representatives, Washinrjton, D. C. 
 
FEDEKAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 29 
 
 I want to also insert here a reprint from the Journal of the American 
 Medical Association, by Dr. William J. Manning, relating to accidents 
 Resulting from the use of machinery, and to the prevention of such 
 accidents. In my opinion, a law of this kind, wherever in operation, 
 wiU inspire similar ideas in the minds of thoughtful, considerate per- 
 sons as are expressed in this statement made by Dr. Manning, and the 
 inevitable result wUl be that those in charge, or having supervision 
 over workmen wiU devise plans and methods and appliances to pre- 
 vent the killing and maiming of men and women. 
 
 The statement referred to is as follows : 
 
 [Reprinted Irom the Journal of the American Medieai Association, Deo. 31, 1910, Vol. LV, pp. 2296-2297. 
 Copyright, 1910, American Medical Association, 535 Dearborn Avenue, Chicago.] 
 
 ACCIDENTS DUE TO SWIFTLY MOVING MACHINES, AND THBIH AUTOMATIC RATIONAL 
 PEEVENTION — ESPECIALLY AS CONCERNS INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS. 
 
 [William J. Manning, M. D., medical officer, Government Printing Office, Washington D. C] 
 
 The conscientious physician always seeks the removal of the cause of any disease 
 that may come under his treatment when that is possible, rather than the treatment of 
 mere symptoms that tend to recur so long as the cause remains. 
 
 We may apply this sound principle with practical results to the prevention of acci- 
 dents arising from swiftly moving or power-driven machines. If manufacturers or 
 factory owners should have passed, in their respective States, a provision or clause 
 in any law as concerns liability between the employer and employee, the respective 
 State insurance commissioners to pass on all details of bond application, based on the 
 following, or a similar method: 
 
 The manufacturer, builder, or agent of the machine shall place an indemnity bond 
 with an approved surety company, to the amount of, say, 5 or 10 per cent of the total 
 cost of the machine, which bond is to run during the estimated life or period of useful- 
 ness of the mechanism, as shall be agreed on, such bond to be drawn on by the employer 
 or manufacturer after an accident, for the purchase of safety devices, bulwarks, 
 mechanical guards, etc., to be placed on the specific machine so covered. 
 
 This method should insure to the builder or agent of the machine: 
 
 1. The avoidance of the moral responsibility of maiming employees for life. 
 
 2. The saving of large treasure, if State governments should adopt such a measure, 
 that is wasted at the present time and otherwise would continue to be wasted, so far 
 as prevention and a repetition of the accident are concerned. 
 
 3. Safety measures that are automatic in their function and operation, both obtained 
 at a minimum of cost. 
 
 4. Relief of courts of law from the burden of time and expense in passing on the 
 party at fault — the manufacturer as an employer, or the employee through negligence. 
 
 5. Universality and automatism of action and scope, whether the machine is a clatter- 
 ing loom in a New England cotton factory, a fast perfecting printing press in New 
 York City, or a thrashing machine on some western farm. 
 
 6. Ingenuity of the mechanician or draftsman brought into play at the erection or 
 construction of the machine, in order that the builder or agent may receive low rates 
 on his bond or insurance for a well-protected machine, as is the case of a house well 
 protected from fire — resulting in a low rate of insurance. 
 
 7. The minimum expense involved at the time of the construction of machinery 
 in covering all dangerous points. 
 
 To the manufacturer or employer it should insure: 
 
 1. Relief from mental anguish, responsibility, and worry aft«r an accident. 
 
 2. Avoidance of expense and reduced profits on his output as the sequel to an 
 injury. 
 
 3. Tranquillity of mind, in that defects or dangerous parts of inachines that may 
 and do cost him treasure will receive attention hereafter, as well as increased quantity 
 and quality of output — minus damages — that he has apparently heretofore lost sight of . 
 
 4. Very little, if any, increase in the cost of machines to him, owing to growing 
 competition and the low cost to the builder of safeguarding machine when it is under 
 construction. 
 
 5. The right to sue builder of machine at any time to recover the sum paid for the 
 mechanism, the law holding the sale or transaction void unless bond has been properly 
 filed in the first instance. 
 
30 FEDEKAl. employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 To the employee or mechanic it would insure against: 
 1. Physical pain and misery. 
 '2. Reduced earning capacity. 
 
 3. Death, or invalidism for life. 
 
 4. The receipt of possible injuries to limbs for which mere money could not hope to 
 offer adequate compensation. 
 
 In addition to that Dr. Manning has published a number of other 
 illustrated articles in medical journals showing the work that is being 
 done at that ofhce for the welfare of the employees, and among his 
 inventions are methods of proper, practical ventilation, of heating 
 and of cooling the rooms \vhere men and women are engaged, and 
 relating to sanitary conditions generally. He has also published 
 circulars of instructions helpful to the employees in guarding agaiosjfc 
 accidents in the use of machinery, and in the treatment of accidents 
 after they have occurred, in order to prevent serious results. I desire 
 to insert here a specimen of some of his altruistic writings as well as a 
 statement showir^g the surgical and medical cases treated in the Gov- 
 ernment Printing Office from January 1 to December 31, 1909. 
 
 The statements referred to are as follows : 
 
 [From the Eleotrotypere' Union Journal.] 
 
 JUNB 1, 1910. 
 
 Dear Mb. Young: If it is possible for you to do so, 1 wish that in the interest of 
 health and cleanliness in and about electrotype foundries over the country, you will 
 call the subject in hand to the attention of your union in order that they may direct, 
 in turn, the attention of the International Electrotypers' Union to the matter and to 
 the following proposition that is made on my part with the hope of improving workjng 
 conditions of my fellow workmen engaged in the art of molding and eleeiirotyping, 
 and more especially as concerns the dust arising from the use of graphite. 
 
 It has now become known that the graphite or plumbago used to form or give a 
 metallic surface upon a wax impression predisposes toward tuberculosis by filling up 
 the small alveoli or air pockets within the lungs, in a mechanical fashion. When an 
 infection (attack) takes place or the bacillus of tuberculosis or consumption germs 
 gain an entrance to the lungs that thus become clogged', disastrous results must follow 
 very quickly as regards the unfortunate victim. Autopsies show such exposed lungs 
 are as black as coal when the normal lung tissue or flesh should be pink or Kght color. 
 
 Conditions surrounding workmen in electrotype foundries are very similar to those 
 found in the knite-grindmg industry, producing siderosis; in coal mining, producing 
 anthracosis; and in stone cutting, producing lithosis. In the order named these 
 trades contribute to the death rate of tuberculosis, and are known as knife-grinders' 
 consumption, coal-miners' consumption, and stone-cutters' consumption, respectively. 
 
 All these conditions named are d\ie to the inhalation of dust, which flllsup the small 
 air pockets of rhe lungs, as before stated, as does most certainly the graphite or plum- 
 bago used in electrotyping. 
 
 Your international union should, in my opinion, offer a suitable prize, to be open 
 to members of your craft only (it is the actual workers of the trade whose ideas will be 
 found feasible and practical), for the discovery of any method or process or ^ent that 
 will have all the proven practical virtues of graphite aa applied at the present time in 
 electrotyping and to be used in lieu of the latter agent. The agent or process that is 
 produced or suggested must be free from objections regarding dust of any nature, and 
 the cost of such agent to employers must not exceed the cost of graphite in use at the 
 present time in order to forestall objections on this score, and the proposed process or 
 method must be as simple and cheap as possible, always with the idea in mind of its 
 use or installation in small electrotype foundries scattered over the country as well as 
 the large, and in places where the employer must take note of his profits upon the work 
 and the cost of turning out such product. 
 
 The simpler the method the better, and I would suggest, if it is practical, that some 
 such method as incorporating the wax with a large amount of graphite, say thiee-fourths 
 or less of this agent to one-fourth or more wax, or molding mixture, or some similar 
 practical agent that would hold the dust of the material, in the mass of wax or com- 
 position, and thus prevent its arising or distribution throughout the foundry. 
 
FBDEKAL EMPLOYEES IJDMPENSATION', 31 
 
 By some such method as this (or any other tha,t might be suggested), it will be 
 noticed that the mass of such treated wax or composition will present, after it has 
 received its impression from the type form or plate, almost a perfect metallic surface 
 in itself, and the excess of graphite present in the wax mass could be easily brushed 
 over or "spread" onto the uncovered spots, should they exist, without separating 
 them (the graphite atoms) from the wax mass by contiguity of brushing effect of the 
 le?*ded surface and without causing dust to arise in the atmosphere of the room. 
 
 Some such simple method or that of a two-sided brush — one side or back of brush 
 being supplied with a small magazine containing graphite attached to supply that 
 side of brush, and some suitable moistening agent that will not dissolve the lines of 
 the wax impression but which will readily permit the flow of graphite in a saturated 
 or moist condition over the bristles and thus upon the wax impression might be used 
 to advantage. The other side of the brush to be simply used as a spreader or polishing 
 surface agent. Or simpler still, a brush simply dipped into a tray containing this 
 solution at the side of the operator might answer. 
 
 If these methods all fail, try a spray of some thin amalgam with the metallic mercury 
 (quicksilver), operated with hand atomizer effect, or very thin sheets of tin foil laid 
 upon the mold and forced into the wax impression by compressed air under 50 pounds 
 pressure to the inch, or possibly a modification of the backing placed upon mirrors 
 might answer, etc. Dozens of ideas will come to you when you are thinking the 
 matter over. Avoid, if possible, double back-action mechanism or anything that 
 savors of the intricate on account of objections as to cost by employers. 
 
 In connection with whole matter study the phenomena of attraction and repulsion 
 that you will find in textbooks at the public libraries as concerns electrometallurgy. 
 Possibly a method of the quick deposition of metals will occur to you; perhaps, even, 
 it may be possible in the future to back up your shells in the vat by a quick deposi- 
 tion of metal suitable for backing (it need not be type metal or alloy, remember), 
 and thus avoid the melting pot in your workrooms used for this purpose. 
 
 Additionally, such a method would use less copper or nickel for shells, and hence 
 a cheaper and quicker product, that would mean a greater volume of work to be plated 
 from the publisher than at the present time and w ould tend to increase wages. Remem- 
 ber that the history of the world shows that what is seemingly impractical to-day 
 becomes practical to-morrow. 
 
 Look into the methods of supplying removable bases from the shells. This would 
 mean more work from the publishers because of the saying of cost of backing metal, 
 storage, etc., and it must be a paying invention for the than who works out the details. 
 It also means less work over the melting pot. 
 
 I do not know whether these methods are practical or not, as I am not an electro- 
 typer or a molder and know nothing of the business beyond a mere superficial knowl- 
 edge gained by watching men at work, and you will therefore pardon any impractical 
 suggestions made, and they are cited only as possible methods to show that probably 
 there is some way out of the quandary that my fellow workers must solve by their 
 trained minds and by practical applications in their art. If experiments show that 
 it is not possible or practical to use other agents aside, from graphite, then use this 
 agent sparingly and only barely enough to accomplish the work in hand. 
 
 It will be noted that compositors and printers (they also pay heavy tribute in 
 lives lost through tuberculosis) will be very greatly benefited by any process selected 
 by the committee from the fact that the type which they distribute will not be clogged 
 with graphite, and thus this dust will be avoided when the type is thrown into their 
 cases. 
 
 Experiment in your own homes, if it can't be done in your shop. Patent your 
 inventions after first considering the practipability, saving cost, etc., over existing 
 contrivances. The money so made brings more comfort to your wives and children 
 and to yourself in your old age. 
 
 The Public Printer, Hon. Sam'l B. Donnelly, is very much interested in the whole 
 matter of sanitation and in the health of employeeain all branches of the printing 
 industry, and he has advised me that he will award a gold medal, suitably inscribed, 
 to the inventor of the best and most feasible process or method which will minimize 
 the volume of metallic dust in electrotype foundries. 
 
 Eespectfully, Wm. J. Manning, M. D., 
 
 Medical and Sanitary Officer. 
 
 Mr. Elmer E. Young, 
 
 Secretary, Washington Electrotmers' Union, 
 
 619 Eighth Street NE., Washington, D. C. 
 
32 
 
 FEDEEAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 Statement showing surgical and medical cases treated in Government Printing 
 emergeney room, Jan. 1 to Dec. SI, 1909. 
 
 SUEGICAL CASBa 
 
 
 No.of 
 cases. 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 
 to. 
 work. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 
 No.of 
 cases. 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 
 to 
 work. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 Incised wounds: 
 
 78 
 44 
 1 
 1 
 2 
 3 
 1 
 
 78 
 
 42 
 
 1 
 
 2' 
 
 3 
 - 1 
 
 2 
 
 i 
 
 Infected wounds— Contd. 
 Right forearm 
 
 1 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 
 1 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 
 
 Eight hand., u 
 
 
 
 
 
 Left hand and right Wrist . 
 
 Left leg 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 
 47 
 
 9 
 6 
 3 
 
 17 
 4 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 44 
 
 3 
 
 
 Sprains: 
 
 Ankle 
 
 
 
 6 
 S 
 3 
 
 11 
 3 
 1 
 
 
 Total 
 
 130 
 
 127 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 Back 
 
 1 
 
 
 12 
 42 
 1 
 3 
 3 
 2 
 1 
 6 
 6 
 
 11 
 40 
 
 3' 
 
 3 
 2 
 
 1 
 5 
 5 
 
 1 
 2 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Wl3St 
 
 (J 
 
 Left hand 
 
 
 
 Both hands 
 
 
 
 Right foot 
 
 Knee .. 
 
 V^ 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Strain to muscles, left side 
 Total.... 
 
 
 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 43 
 
 29 
 
 X4 
 
 Face 
 
 Bums: 
 
 First degree- 
 Rip?it hfvnd 
 
 
 Scalp 
 
 11 
 5 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 11 
 5 
 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 76 
 
 70 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lacerated and contused 
 
 2 
 3 
 2 
 3 
 2 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 i' 
 
 3 
 1 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 Right leg 
 
 
 wounds: 
 
 Leftleg 
 
 
 Bight hand 
 
 Ris-ht foot 
 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Left foot 
 
 
 Poth hftTids . . 
 
 Face 
 
 
 Eight leg 
 
 Right wrist 
 
 
 Left leg 
 
 Ammonia bum, both 
 
 
 
 
 Contused and lacerated 
 wound and burn of sec- 
 
 Ammonia bum, left 
 ey'e 
 
 1 
 
 ond degree left arm and 
 
 Eye. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 1A 
 
 
 Total 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 Second degree- 
 Right forearm 
 
 
 
 2 
 4 
 2 
 4 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 2 
 4 
 2 
 
 
 Contused wounds: 
 
 Eight hand 
 
 22 
 
 36 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 17 
 
 20 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 . 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 36 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 IS 
 
 17 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 s' 
 
 2 
 
 i' 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 Left wrist 
 
 
 Both hands 
 
 
 
 Eight arm 
 
 
 
 
 Left arm and right 
 
 
 Eight foot 
 
 1 
 
 Left foot . . - 
 
 Back of left wrist and 
 
 
 Eight leg 
 
 1 
 
 Left leg 
 
 Electric bum, right 
 
 
 Leftside 
 
 1 
 
 Eight breast . - 
 
 Electric bum, left 
 
 
 Face 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 5 
 
 Both legs 
 
 Foreign bodies removed: 
 Eye 
 
 *! 
 
 Both legs and face 
 
 Hips and strain to mus- 
 cles of back 
 
 47 
 6 
 
 13 
 7 
 3 
 
 47 
 6 
 
 13 
 7 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Rimt hand. , 
 
 
 
 146 
 
 131 
 
 15 
 
 
 Total 
 
 Left hand 
 
 
 
 
 ... — 
 
 
 8 
 11 
 2 
 5 
 4 
 1 
 
 8 
 11 
 2 
 5 
 4 
 1 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 Eight hand 
 
 76 
 
 76 
 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Dislocation right shoulder 
 
 Fracture phalanx great toe. . . 
 Spontaneous rupture artery 
 
 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 1 
 8 
 1 
 2 
 
 2" 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Right foot 
 
 Face 
 
 Kye 
 
 
 
 Reduction of hernia (rapture) 
 Acute arthritis 
 
 8 
 1 
 
 Total 
 
 31 
 
 31 
 
 
 Infected wounds: 
 
 19 
 18 
 3 
 
 18 
 16 
 3 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 Retention of urine 
 
 Total 
 
 
 Right hand 
 
 14 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Total surgical cases 
 
 Right arm 
 
 621 
 
 5S9 
 
 6« 
 
 
FEDEBAIi EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 
 
 33 
 
 Statement showing surgical and medical cases treated in Government Printing Office 
 emergency room, Jan. 1 to Dec. SI, 1909 — Continued. 
 
 MEDICAL CASES.i 
 
 Menorrhagia 
 
 Acute indigestion 
 
 Acute pharyngitis 
 
 Diarrhea 
 
 Enteralgia 
 
 Trifacial neuralgia 
 
 Cephalgia 
 
 Dysmenorrhea 
 
 Heemoptysis 
 
 Acute myalgia 
 
 Tonsilitis 
 
 Acute gastritis 
 
 Syncope 
 
 Acute laryngitis 
 
 Enteritis 
 
 Epistaxis 
 
 Intercostal neuralgia . 
 
 Lead poisoning 
 
 Hepatic colic 
 
 Nervous collapse 
 
 Threatened apoplexy. 
 
 Conjunctivitis 
 
 Gaslralgia 
 
 Acute bronchitis 
 
 Asthenia 
 
 Otalgia 
 
 Tachycardia 
 
 Pleurodynia 
 
 No.of 
 cases. 
 
 24 
 105 
 72 
 35 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 
 to 
 work. 
 
 12 
 
 2 
 
 94 
 
 5 
 
 24 
 
 
 105 
 
 
 72 
 
 
 30 
 
 5 
 
 66 
 
 
 43 
 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 19 
 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 29 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 5 
 
 
 6 
 
 20 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 Heart failure 
 
 Heat exhaustion 
 
 Uraemia 
 
 Epileptic fits 
 
 Vertigo 
 
 Cerebral hemorrhage 
 
 Hysteria 
 
 Malaria 
 
 Dementia 
 
 Acute cystitis 
 
 Ptomaine poisoning 
 
 Pseudo angina pectoris... 
 
 Dysentery 
 
 Acetanilid poisoning 
 
 Odontalgia 
 
 Bright's disease (acute). . 
 Uncertain of diagnosis...-. 
 
 Total 
 
 Quarantined employees: 
 
 Diphtheria 
 
 Scarlet fever 
 
 Smallpox 
 
 Total 
 
 Total medical cases. 
 
 No.of 
 
 769 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 
 to 
 work. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 101 
 
 12 
 1 
 
 22 
 123 
 
 ■ Only the sudden or acute conditions arising from any of the diseases named above were treated and 
 relieved in the emergency room, as provided for by law. 
 
 1 2 deaths. 
 
 SUMMARY. 
 
 Total surgical cases 621 
 
 Total medical cases -. i 759 
 
 Total 1,380 
 
 Amounts paid to employees of the Government Printing Office under the Government 
 employees' liability act from May SO, 1908, to Dec. SI, 1909. 
 
 Uary E . Bailey, skilled laborer $26. 00 
 
 Burlington L. Balderson, unskilled laborer 44. 00 
 
 Edward Blaine, unskilled laborer 69. 37 
 
 Taylor Boyer, bookbinder 66. 00 
 
 Caroline F. Brookfleld, helper 42. 00 
 
 George F. Connor, boiler maker 50. 40 
 
 Howard E. Donath, machine helper 61. 20 
 
 Beverly Diggs, skilled laborer 30. 62 
 
 lanies W. Erwin, unskilled laborer 29. 62 
 
 William A. Fogarty, pressman 172. 00 
 
 Margaret Fitzgerald, feeder 34. 00 
 
 Isaac N. Funk, oiler 45. 12 
 
 Kinsey Brewer^ caster helper 90. 72 
 
 James M. Leckie, electrician 76. 00 
 
 Harry Matthews, helper ,- 57. 60 
 
 John A. MacMurray,lielper 42. 00 
 
 Charles H. Matthews, signature pressman 60. 57 
 
 Maurice W. Mann, helper ^ 29.37 
 
 Howard V. Mills, stereotyper 76.80 
 
 Webster Morgan, unskilled laborer 39. 00 
 
 Sara S. Murphy, skilled laborer -, 32.00 
 
 ■PatriokR.Noone, helper 89.60 
 
 William Peacock, caster helper 50. 40 
 
 James D. Pettiford, unskilled laborer 51. 70 
 
 Herbert Powell, driver 32.29 
 
 William E. Rink, pressman 91.20 
 
 James A. Simmons, unskilled laborer 46. 75 
 
 William J. Slater, stereotyper ., 94. 80 
 
 John S. Smith, unskilled laborer 31. 30 
 
 Charles M. Stewart, pressman 76. 00 
 
 Benjamin T. Thome, unskilled laborer 64. 00 
 
 Alice C. Trundle, feeder 34. 50 
 
 ChaiJes W. Vesper, steamfltter ; 80. 00 
 
 George G. Wilson, compositor 72. 00 
 
 Total 1,967.93 
 
 36121—12 3 
 
34 FEDEBAX, EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 I also desire to insert a report of the medical officer made October 
 31, 1910, giving the number of surgical cases treated, and containing 
 suggestions for the prevention of accidents, and the effect such sug- 
 gestions would produce, both to the Government and to the employ- 
 ees, and following that statement by Dr. Manning, his statement of 
 the surgical and medical cases treated during the year ending June 
 •30, 1910. 
 
 The statements referred to are as follows: 
 
 REPORT OP THE MEDICAL AND SANITARY OFFICER. 
 
 Washington, October 31, 1910. 
 
 Sib: Attached hereto please find tabulated statement showing, by name and in a 
 descriptive manner, the number of surgical and medical cases receiving treatment in 
 the Government Printing Office emergency room, together with a list of Qie employees 
 receiving benefits under the Government compensation act during the fiscal year 
 190&-10. 
 
 It will be noted that a total of 1,758 surgical and medical cases were treated and 
 given physical relief. The number of redresaings of wounds received by employees 
 while at work, but who were assigned to other or lighter duties pending recovery, 
 and who have therefore made no claim for compensation, amounted to 927. Dis- 
 tinctive redressings during the fiscal year are shown by the individual medical records 
 on file. The amount paid for compensation where an employee was forced to leave 
 his duties dming the same period amounted to $2,936.97. 
 
 It may be pertinent to the subject in hand to say a word or two about the preven- 
 tion of accidents, so far as swiftly moving or power-driven machinery is concerned. 
 It would appear both feasible and practical, upon reflection, to incorporate in any 
 contract for the purchase of machinery for this office a clause setting forth that the 
 manufacturer or agent of the machine shall place an indemnity bond with a surety 
 company to the amount of, say, 5 or 10 per cent of the total cost of the machine, which 
 in turn is to run during the estimated life or period of usefulness of the mechanism, 
 as shall be agreed upon, such bond to be drawn upon by the Government after an 
 accident, for the purchase of safety devices, bulwarks, mechanical guards, etc., to 
 be placed upon the specific machine so covered. 
 
 This method should insure to the Government: 
 
 (V) The avoidance and responsibility of maiming employees for life. 
 
 (2) The saving of large sums of treasure — if other branches of the Government and 
 state governments should adopt such a measure — that is and would be otherwise 
 wasted, so far as prevention and a repetition of the accident are concerned. 
 
 (3) Safety measures that are automatic in their functions and operations obtained 
 at a minimum of cost. 
 
 (4) Relief of courts of law from the burden of time and expense in passing upon the 
 party at fault — the Government as employer, or the employee through negligence. 
 
 (5) Universality and automatons in action or scope, whemer the machine is placed 
 in Alaska, Washington, or Panama. 
 
 To the employee it would insure against: 
 
 (1) The avoidance of physical pain and misery. 
 <2) Reduced earning capacity. 
 
 (3) Death, or invalidism for lite. 
 ; (4) The receipt of possible injuries to limbs that mere money could not hope to 
 offer adequate compensation. 
 
 To the manufacturer it would insure: 
 
 (Xi Relief from mental anguish, responsibility, and worry after an accident. 
 
 (2) Avoidance of expense; hence reduced profits upon his output as the sequel to 
 an injury. 
 
 (3) The minimum expense involved at the time of the construction of machinery 
 in covering all dangerous points. 
 
 (4) Ingenuity of the mechanician or draftsman brought into play at the erection 
 or construction of the machine, in order that the manufacturer may receive low rates 
 upon his bond or insurance for a well-protected machine, as is the case of a house well 
 protected from fire, resulting in a low rate of insurance. 
 
 This opportunity is taken to thank the Public Printer and the Deputy Public 
 Printer for their support, initiative, and firmness in the maintaining and enforcing 
 of sanitary rules and regulations; also to thank the assistant medical and sanitary 
 
FEDEBAL EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 
 
 35 
 
 oflScer, the various division and section cMefe, as well as a very large number of the 
 employees for their active cooperation along the same lines, without whose help it 
 would not be possible to have the sanitary conditions that exist to-day in the Govern- 
 ment Printing OflSce. 
 Respectfully submitted. 
 
 Wm. J. Manning, 
 Medical and Sanitary Officer. 
 The Public Pkintee. 
 
 Statement showing surgical and medical cases treated in Government Printing Office 
 emergency room, July 1, 1909, to June SO, 1910. 
 
 SURGICAL CASES. 
 
 No. 
 
 of 
 
 oases. 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 to work. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 37 
 
 35 
 
 2 
 
 88 
 
 87 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 133 
 
 130 
 
 3 
 
 25 
 
 17 
 
 8 
 
 38 
 
 32 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 90 
 
 72 
 
 18 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 23 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 33 
 
 30 
 
 3 
 
 61 
 
 49 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 174 
 
 157 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 
 No. 
 of 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 to work, 
 
 Incised wounds: 
 
 Right liand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm ...» 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Face 
 
 Total 
 
 Lacerated wounds; 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Both hands 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Right leg 
 
 Right foot 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Face 
 
 Scalp , 
 
 Total 
 
 Lacerated and contused 
 wounds: 
 
 Right hand , 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Both hands 
 
 Right leg 
 
 Left leg 
 
 Face 
 
 Total 
 
 Contused wounds: 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm , 
 
 Right leg 
 
 Left leg , 
 
 Both legs 
 
 Eightfoot.... 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Right shoulder 
 
 Leftside 
 
 Left hip and point of 
 
 spine 
 
 Face 
 
 Face and right hip 
 
 Sacroiliac jomt 
 
 Right hip and strain to 
 
 muscles of back 
 
 Total , 
 
 Punctured wounds: 
 
 , Ulehthand , 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Sight forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Punctured wounds— Contd. 
 
 Right foot 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Face 
 
 Total 
 
 Infected wounds: 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Right leg 
 
 Right foot 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Total 
 
 Sprains: 
 
 Right wrist 
 
 Left wrist 
 
 Right shoulder 
 
 Right thumb 
 
 Left thumb 
 
 Right knee 
 
 Left knee 
 
 Right aiLkle 
 
 Left ankle 
 
 Back 
 
 Total 
 
 Bums: 
 
 First degree — 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Face 
 
 Potash burn, both 
 
 eyes 
 
 Metal burns, left eye. 
 Ammonia burns, left 
 
 eye 
 
 Lime burns, both 
 
 eyes 
 
 Acid bum, left eye. . . 
 
 Total 
 
 Second degree — 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Leftliand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Both arms 
 
 -. Left hand and fore- 
 arm 
 
 Left hand and face . . . 
 
 Left forearm and 
 scalp, electric bum 
 and laceration of 
 left hand 
 
 73 
 
 49 
 
36 
 
 FEDEEAIi employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 Statement showing surgical and medical cases treated in Government Printing Office 
 em.ergmey room, July 1, 1909, to June 30, iSiO— Continued. 
 
 SURGICAL CASES— Ck)ntinued. 
 
 No. 
 of 
 
 Ee- 
 turaed 
 to work. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 No. 
 of 
 
 Ke- 
 turned 
 to work. 
 
 Bums— Continued. 
 
 Second degree— Contd. 
 
 Left leg 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Total 
 
 Foreign bodies removed: 
 
 Eye 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Larynx 
 
 Total 
 
 Fracture right internal mal- 
 
 ■ leolus — tibia 
 
 Fracture of radius i 
 
 Fracture of fibula, lower one- 
 third 
 
 Fracture of seventh and 
 eighth ribs, left side 
 
 Fracture of phalanx, great toe. 
 
 Partial rupture muscular 
 fibers axillary region 
 
 Partial rupture muscular 
 fibers left leg 
 
 Strain and partial rupture 
 muscular fibers abdominal 
 region ^ 
 
 Rupture muscular fibers in- 
 guinal region J 
 
 Ulcer of cornea 
 
 Reduction of liemia 
 
 Septicemia 
 
 Total. 
 
 Total surgical cases 770 
 
 MEDICAL CASES.2 
 
 Menorrha^a 
 
 Acute indigestion 
 
 Acute pharyngitis 
 
 Diarrhea 
 
 Enteralgia 
 
 Trifacial neuralgia. . . 
 
 Cephalgia 
 
 Dysmenorrhea 
 
 Hemoptysis 
 
 Acute myalgia 
 
 TonsiUtis 
 
 Acute gastritis 
 
 Syncope 
 
 Acute laryngitis 
 
 Enteritis 
 
 Epistaxis 
 
 Intercostal neuralgia . 
 
 Lead poisoning 
 
 Hepatic colic 
 
 Nervous collapse 
 
 Threatened apoplexy 
 
 Conjunctivitis 
 
 Gastralgia '. 
 
 Aciite bronchitis 
 
 Asthenia 
 
 Otalgia 
 
 Tachycardia 
 
 Pleurodynia 
 
 Heart failure 
 
 Heat exhaustion 
 
 Uremia 
 
 Epileptic fits 
 
 Vertigo 
 
 Cerebral hemorrhage . 
 
 Hysteria 
 
 Malaria 
 
 Acute cystitis 
 
 22 
 
 22 
 
 
 119 
 
 114 
 
 5 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 
 102 
 
 102 
 
 
 81 
 
 81 
 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 
 101 
 
 101 
 
 
 75 
 
 75 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 47 
 
 44 
 
 3 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 
 8 
 
 44 
 
 40 
 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 17 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 
 5 
 
 34 
 
 32 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 
 4 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 
 2 
 
 Dementia 
 
 Pseudo angina pectoris 
 
 Dysenterjr 
 
 Odentalgia - 
 
 Uncertain of dia^osis 
 
 Ptomaine poisoning. . . : . . 
 
 Acetanllid poisoning (head- 
 ache powders) 
 
 Creosote poisoning (cough 
 medicine) ■ 
 
 Bronchial asthma (acute 
 paroxysm) 
 
 La grippe 
 
 Mumps 
 
 Total. 
 
 Quarantined employees: 
 
 Diphtheria 
 
 Scarlet fever 
 
 Smallpox 
 
 Total medical cases. . 
 
 Two deaths: 
 
 1 heart failure (visitor 
 passing through the 
 building) 
 
 1 gunshot wound(suicide) 
 
 Total redressing of wounds . . . 
 
 Total surgical cases.. 
 Total medical cases.. 
 
 Grand total . 
 
 770 
 
 1 Not injured in the oflioe, employee slipped upon the ice on the sidewalk while on his way to work. 
 
 2 Only the sudden or acute conditions arising from any of the diseases named above were treated and 
 relieved in the emergency room, as provided for by law. 
 
 I also desire to insert in the record another report of the medical 
 officer under date of October 28, 1911, which includes the surgical 
 and medical cases treated during the year ending June SO, 1911, and 
 showing also the amount paid to each person on account of such 
 injury. 
 
FEDEEAL EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 
 
 37 
 
 HBPORT OP THE MEDICAL AND SANITARY OFFICER. 
 
 Washington, October 28, 1911. 
 
 Sir: Herewith will be found a statement showing the number of caaes, both medical 
 and surgical, arising during the working hours of the oflace, receiving treatment or 
 obtaining relief in the Government Printing Office emergency room, together with a 
 list of the employees receiving compensation, under the act of Congress, for the fiscal 
 year ended June 30, 1911. 
 
 A total of 961 surgical cases and 1,142 medical cases is presented for the year's 
 work. Attention is respectfully called to the large number of redressings (990), which 
 represent subsequent treatments rendered after the initial injury, tiius following, 
 for all concerned, the economic policy laid down whereby the employee is enabled to 
 remain at his work when such is possible or practical. 
 
 Permission is asked to. inaugurate a custom of vaccinating any employee, upon the 
 latter's application (adopting, in such instances, the United States Army standard) 
 who may have been exposed to typhoid fever in his own home or other places, thus 
 insuring not only protection to himself but to his fellow workmen as well. 
 
 Such a procedure presents, in addition, economic features from a wage-earning or 
 industrial point of view in that the Government retains the services of the employee, 
 who must otherwise absent himself, and the workman is saved his wages as well as the 
 attendant risk of life with consequent suffering and other sequelae with necessarily 
 wide ramifications. 
 
 Respectfully, • Wm. J. Manning, M. D., 
 
 Medical and Sanitary Officer. 
 
 The Public Printer. 
 
 Statement showing surgical and medical cases treated in Government Printing Offijx emer- 
 gency room, July 1, 1910, to June SO, 1911. 
 
 suegical cases. 
 
 Incised bounds: 
 
 Right hsai 
 
 Left, hand 
 
 Bight forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Bight leg 
 
 Face 
 
 Scalp 
 
 Total 
 
 Lacerated wounds; 
 
 Bight hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Leitt forearm 
 
 Right foot 
 
 Left leg. 
 
 Face. 
 
 Scalp 
 
 Total.... 
 
 Lacerated and contused 
 wounds: 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Bight leg 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Face 
 
 Total 
 
 Contused wounds: 
 
 ' Righthand 
 
 ' .Lett hand 
 
 Both hands 
 
 Eight forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Eight leg 
 
 Left leg 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 to work. 
 
 165 
 
 115 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 Contused wounds— Contd. 
 
 Both legs 
 
 Right foot 
 
 Left toot 
 
 Right side 
 
 Left side 
 
 Pelvis 
 
 Face 
 
 Back 
 
 Scalp 
 
 Contusion to left forearm 
 with injury to radial 
 
 nerve 
 
 B ight shoulder 
 
 Left ankle, leg, and wrist. - 
 
 Total 
 
 Infected wounds: 
 
 Right hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Right forearm 
 
 Left forearm 
 
 Eight foot 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Face 
 
 Total 
 
 Sprains: 
 
 Bight wrist 
 
 Left wrist 
 
 Bight ankle 
 
 Left ankle 
 
 Bight thumb 
 
 Left thumb 
 
 First finger, right hand 
 
 Bight knee 
 
 Right shoulder 
 
 Ligament of right foot 
 
 Ligament of right hip 
 
 Ligaments of right knee 
 
 Ligaments of left foot 
 
 Ee- 
 tumed 
 to work. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
38 FEDERAIi employees' COMPENSATION. 
 
 Statement showing surgical and medical cases treated in Government Printing Office emer- 
 gency room, July 1, 1910, to June SO, 1911— Contmued. 
 
 SUEGICAL CASES— Continnea. 
 
 Spxtiins — Continued. 
 
 Muscles of right side 
 
 Muscles of left side 
 
 Muscles of right foreann. . . 
 
 Muscles of left leg 
 
 Muscles of back, with lacer- 
 ation of left hand 
 
 Total. 
 
 Bums: 
 
 First degree- 
 Eight hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Both hands 
 
 KigEt foxearm, , 
 S'calp and face. 
 
 Cornea 
 
 Acid hum, both eyes . . . 
 Lime bum, both eyes . . 
 
 Acid burn, left eye 
 
 Potash bum, right eye. 
 Ammonia bum, left eye 
 
 Total. 
 
 Second degree- 
 Bight hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Eight foreann. 
 Left forearm... 
 
 Eight foot 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Face 
 
 Total. 
 
 Ee- 
 turned 
 to work. 
 
 Foreign bodies removed: 
 
 Eye 
 
 Throat 
 
 Eight hand 
 
 Left hand 
 
 Eight foot 
 
 Left foot 
 
 Ear 
 
 Face 
 
 Total. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 145 
 
 10 
 
 Fractures: 
 
 Fourth and fifth ribs, right 
 
 side 
 
 Sixth, seventh, and eighth 
 
 ribs, leftside 
 
 Great toe, left foot 
 
 Compound fracture, great 
 
 toe, right foot, with lacer- 
 ation 
 
 Great and second toe, right 
 
 foot 
 
 Third and fourth distal 
 
 phalanx, left hand 
 
 Fourth metacarpal, right 
 
 hand 
 
 Second phalanx, left thumb. 
 Second phalanx, second 
 
 ^^ger, right hand '.... 
 
 External condyle humerus . . 
 Third and fourth metatarsal, 
 
 right foot, crushed . . . . 
 
 Compound fracture, second 
 
 phalanx, second toe, right 
 
 foot 
 
 Lower J ulna 
 
 Third finger, left hand, 
 
 crushed off at first joint. - . 
 Fracture cuneiform and 
 
 lower end of ulna 
 
 Fracture, second phalanx, 
 
 fourth finger, right hand. . 
 
 Total. 
 
 Miscellaneous: 
 
 Concussion of brain 
 
 Abrasion of cornea 
 
 Umbilical hernia (reduced). 
 Inguinal hernia (reduced) . . 
 Eupture of vein, left fore- 
 arm 
 
 Ulcer of cornea 
 
 Acute arthritis 
 
 Septicemia 
 
 Ee- 
 tnmed 
 to work. 
 
 Total 
 
 Grand total. 
 
 Sent 
 home.. 
 
 MEDICAL CASES.i 
 
 Acute indigestion 
 
 Acute pharyngitis 
 
 Diarrhea 
 
 Enteralgia 
 
 Trifacial neuralgia — 
 
 Cephalgia 
 
 Dysmenorrhea 
 
 Menorrha^a 
 
 Hemoptysis 
 
 Acute myalgia 
 
 Tonsillitis 
 
 Acute gastritis 
 
 Enteritis 
 
 Syncope 
 
 Acute laryngitis 
 
 Epistaxis 
 
 Intercostal neuralgia.. 
 
 Lead colic 
 
 Nervous collapse 
 
 167 
 
 10 
 
 37 
 
 
 90 
 
 
 105 
 
 3 
 
 47 
 
 
 111 
 
 2 
 
 67 
 
 3 
 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 48 
 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 42 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 Threatened apoplexy. . 
 
 Conjunctivitis 
 
 Gastralgia 
 
 Acute bronchitis 
 
 Otalgia 
 
 Tachycardia 
 
 Pleurodynia 
 
 Heart failure ' 
 
 Heat exhaustion 
 
 Uremia 
 
 Epileptic fits 
 
 Vertigo 
 
 Cerebral hemorrhage. . . 
 
 Hysteria 
 
 Acute cystitis 
 
 Odontal^a 
 
 Uncertam of dia^osis. 
 Ptomaine poisomng. . . 
 La grippe 
 
 fi 
 
 6 
 
 S3 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 
 4 
 
 ? 
 
 21) 
 
 
 9 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
 14 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 2.S 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 S3 
 
 
 21 
 
 16 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 20 
 
 13 
 
 1 Only the acute conditions arising from, any chronic ailment during working hours, and listed helow, 
 received treatment, as provided bj^ law. 
 3 2 deaths, heart failure (rupture in both instances). 
 
FEDERAL EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 
 
 39 
 
 Statement showing surgical and medical cases treated in Government Printing Office emer- 
 gency room, July 1, 1910, to June SO, 1911— Oontmued. 
 
 MEDICAL CASES— Continued. 
 
 Mumps 
 
 Internal hemorrhage (cancer of 
 
 stomach) 
 
 Pemioious vomiting 
 
 Pneumonia 
 
 Nervousness 
 
 Melancholia 
 
 Dysentery 
 
 Neuritis 
 
 Pseudo angina pectoris 
 
 Anuria 
 
 Pulmonary congestion 
 
 Acute Brights 
 
 Pleurisy 
 
 Re- 
 turned 
 to work. 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 Quarantined,contagious diseases 
 Acetanilid poisoning (headache 
 
 powders) 
 
 Shock (electric) 
 
 Malaria 
 
 Acute dilatation of the heart 
 
 Grand total 
 
 Total surgical cases 
 
 Total medical cases 
 
 Total surgical redressing 
 
 Ee- 
 tumed 
 to work. 
 
 32 
 
 961 
 1,142 
 
 2,103 
 
 Sent 
 home. 
 
 32 
 2 
 
 204 
 
 Statement showing amounts paid to employees of the Government Printing Office under the 
 Government employees' liability act from July 1, 1910, to June 30, 1911. 
 
 Ash, Matthew $732. 00 
 
 Bair, Bert E 
 Benjamin, Miriam. 
 
 Bone, Augustus 
 
 Borst, Jennie A 
 
 Camatella, Salvator 
 Cornish, Joseph S 
 
 63.00 
 48.00 
 72.85 
 71.00 
 27.50- 
 
 , _ 88.65 
 
 Cousins, Wallace J 204. 00 
 
 Cox, Clinton E 106. 47 
 
 Damery , John 92. 40 
 
 Donaldson, Albert 96. 60 
 
 Dunn, Robert A. S 58. 45 
 
 Edwards, John W 44. 80 
 
 Eriokson, Lars W 35.00 
 
 frorman , John J 106.00 
 
 Gribben, Edward 109. 12 
 
 Gynan, Brendan 136. 40 
 
 Hayes, John 40. 80 
 
 Hill, Gius W 42. 00 
 
 Johnson, James 55.00 
 
 Johnson, John A 35. 00 
 
 Kearney, Henry S 52.00 
 
 Eendriok, George E '. . . . 120. 00 
 
 Leonard, Annie F 34. 00 
 
 Loeffel, Howard E 95. 62 
 
 Lomax, Clifford 95. 90 
 
 Lusby, Milford E 99. 37 
 
 McKenna, Estelle 89. 89 
 
 Martin, Jennie T $26.08 
 
 Mills, James T 34.36 
 
 Moncure. WllUam B 63. 20 
 
 Morgan, Webster 314. 00 
 
 Neely, David R. P 42.00 
 
 Page, George N 68.60 
 
 Palmer .Samuel g 30. 00 
 
 Peters, Robert G 48. 00 
 
 Reynolds, Eobert 68. 00 
 
 Eotenbury , Lucy H 40. 92 
 
 Schulze, Paul C .- 74.85 
 
 Shea, Timothy 120. 08 
 
 Smith , Anna P 43. 20 
 
 Smith, Emma F 39. 65 
 
 Smith, .John S 464. 20 
 
 Smith, Thomas H 99. 88 
 
 Smoot, William B. M 38.07 
 
 Suthard, Harvey L 57. 00 
 
 Taylor, Richard 44. 00 
 
 Taylor, Walter E 194. 50 
 
 Tyler, Reuben H 38. OO 
 
 Verrosso, Tony 30. 50 
 
 Websterj^Ozias S 86. 05 
 
 White, Henrv O 72. 00 
 
 Williams, John C 28. 00 
 
 Total. 
 
 As I stated before, the present compensation act went into effect 
 May 30, 1908. I have here the figures showing the number of 
 injuries reported and allowed, classifying the claimant into claimants 
 for death, for permanent disabihty, and for temporary disability. 
 This statement covers the first two years of the compensation act, 
 and gives the total paid each year by the Government under the 
 provisions of the law. 
 
40 FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 The statement referred to is as f oIIowb : 
 
 Number of injuries and deaths with amount of compensation paid to Government employees 
 under the workmen's compensation act of May SO, 1908. 
 
 [First two years of compensation act.] 
 
 1908-9, 
 eleven 
 months. 
 
 1909-10, 
 twelve 
 montbs. 
 
 Number of injuries reported. . . 
 Number of claims 
 
 Number of claims allowed: 
 
 For death 
 
 For permanent disability . 
 For temporary disability . 
 
 Total 
 
 Amount of compensation paid 
 
 4,862 
 1,805 
 
 6,948 
 2,624 
 
 64 
 
 37 
 
 1,580 
 
 1,681 
 
 $238,311 
 
 $324,166 
 
 It is not sufficient for gentlemen to object to legislation of this 
 character when their own limbs are sound and digestion is good on 
 the ground that it is expensive to the Government. The people 
 supply the money that pays all Government expenses. The burden 
 is on them to run the Government, and if the Government does not 
 compensate for injuries to its employees, the pubhc is bound to 
 largely bear the burden in any event, m the way of charitable insti- 
 tutions, hospitals, and other charitable work, so that in the long 
 run the people must bear these burdens anyhow. Under legislation 
 of this kmd, effort will be made, in the first instance, to reduce and 
 minimize the accidents, and thus lighten the burden. 
 
 I had the honor of introducing in the House two years ago a resolu- 
 tion providing for the appointment of a commission to investigate 
 the subject of workmen's compensation. Under that resolution the 
 commission was appointed and is now ready to make the report, and 
 to suggest legislation providing for compensation for personal inju- 
 ries occurring on railroads engaged in interstate commerce. I have 
 not only a hope, nay, but a conviction that such legislation will result 
 in very greatly reducing the number of accidents to raUroad em- 
 ployees. When the employer realizes that he is bound to compensate 
 for personal injuries, regardless of the question of negligence, he will 
 be induced to adopt the safest possible appliances and methods, and 
 at the same time encourage a spirit of care and caution among the 
 workmen, and the great result of the legislation will be to mimmize 
 these accidents. It is the modern system of intricate, powerful, and 
 unguarded machinery that causes so much loss of life and so many 
 injuries to workmen, and legislation ought to be adopted which will 
 reduce, as far as possible, this great loss. 
 
 Gentlemen, we must not forget that conditions have changed. In 
 the last quarter of a century industrial conditions have changed 
 wonderfully. It is the part of wise legislators to keep pace. If we 
 faU to provide for the dangers and risks of accidents which are in- 
 creasing all the time under these new conditions we will be derelict 
 in our duty. 
 
 Thereupon the committee adjourned at 11.30. 
 
federal employees' compensation. 41 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 February 24, 1912. 
 Secretary of the Treasubt, 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 Sir: Please give me a statement showing the amount that has -been paid out to 
 the employees of the Government under an act entitled "An act granting to certain 
 employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for injuries 
 sustained in the course of their employment," approved May 30, 1908. I will also 
 thank you to advise me as to the nature of the accidents and injuries sustained by 
 such employees. 
 
 I beg to hand you herewith copy of H. R. 20488. You will see that the simple 
 purpose of this bill is to include all other civil employees of the United States in 
 the Denefits extended by the above-mentioned act. Can you give me any estimate 
 as to what would be the probable cost to the United States if this bill (H. R. 20488) 
 should be passed? 
 Your early reply will be appreciated. 
 
 Yours, truly, H. D. Clayton, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 ■ Treasury Department, 
 
 Office op the Secretary, 
 
 Washington, March 4, 1912. 
 Hon. H. D. Clayton, 
 
 Chairman Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives . 
 Sib: The receipt is acknowledged of your letter of February 24, 1912, requesting 
 certain information with reference to the operations of the act of May 30, 1908, entitled 
 "An act granting to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from 
 it compensation for injuries sustained in the course of their employment," and ask- 
 ing for a statement as to the probable cost to the United States if bill H. R. 20488 
 should be passed, which bill contemplates including all of the civilian employees of 
 the United States in the benefits above mentioned. 
 
 In reply I have the honor to inform you that the information requested by you is 
 being compUed in the various bureau of this department, but it is not believed that 
 this department will be able to form any estimate as to the probable cost to the United 
 States if the new legislation should be enacted. It is suggested that a call for this 
 data be made upon the Department of Commerce and Labor (Bureau of Labor). 
 Respectfully, 
 
 Franklin MacVeagh, Secretary. 
 
 Treasury Department, 
 
 Office of the Secretary, 
 
 Washington, March 16, 1912. 
 Hon. H. D. Clayton, 
 
 Chairman Committee on the Judiciary, Hov^e of Representatives. 
 
 Sir: Referring to your letter of February 24, 1912, requesting certain information 
 with reference to the operation of the act of May 30, 1908, entitled "An act granting 
 to certain employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation 
 for injuries sustained in the course of their employment," and asking for a statement 
 as to the probable cost to the United States if bill H. R. 20488 should be passed, 
 which bill contemplates including all of the civilian employees of the Government 
 in the benefits above mentioned, I have the honor to inform you that, as indicated 
 in letter of March 4, 1912, the various bureaus and offices of this department have 
 been called upon for all available information regarding' injuries to employees and 
 payments made under the act referred to. 
 
 It appears that only certain employees of the Mint Service and the Bureau_ of 
 Engraving and Printing are construed as coming within the scope of the compensation 
 act, and I inclose herewith for your perusal letters dated March 1 and 14, from the 
 Director of the Mint and the Acting Director of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, 
 respectively. 
 
 Should you wish more detailed information as to the number of employees com- 
 pensated for injuries, the nature of the injuries, etc., since the passage of the act of 
 May 30, 1908, it is suggested that if you have not already done so you call upon the 
 Department of Commerce and Labor (Bureau of Labor) for the data, as full power 
 
42 FEDERAL, EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 in all matters relating to the act is vested in the Secretary of that department, and 
 the records must necessarily be in a form readily accessible for statistical purposes. 
 Certain employees of the Life-Saving Service of this department receive compensa- 
 tion for injuries under the act of May 4, 1882 (22 Stat., 57), and I beg to inclose here- 
 with a copy of department circular No. 77, entitled "Information to Applicants for 
 Benefits Provided by Sections 7 and 8, Act of May 4, 1882." This law is similar, 
 in certain respects, to the act of May 30, 1908, but is more liberal, in that its benefits 
 may cover a period of two years instead of being limited to one year or less. 
 Respectfully, 
 
 Franklin MacVbagh, Secretary. 
 
 Information to Applicants for Benefits Provided by Sbctions 7 and 8, Act 
 
 OF May 4, 1882. 
 
 [1908. Department Circular No. 77. Life-Saving Service.] 
 
 Treasury Department, 
 Office of General Superintendent, 
 United States Life-Saving Service, 
 
 Washington, D. C, December 1, 1908. 
 There should be furnished in support of applications for the benefits provided by 
 sections 7 and 8 of the act of May 4, 1882 (22 Stat., 57), the evidence stated below 
 under each section, and applicants will prevent delay by forwarding with their 
 applications the proof necessary to substantiate their claims. 
 
 Sec. 7. That if any keeper or member of a crew of a life-saving or lifeboat station 
 shall be so disabled by reason of any wound or injury received or disease contracted 
 in the Life-Saving Service in the line of duty as to unfit him for the performance of 
 duty, such disability to be determined in such manner as shall be prescribed in the 
 regulations of the service, he shall be continued upon the rolls of the service and 
 entitled to receive his full pay during the continuance of such disability, not to 
 exceed the period of one year, unless the general superintendent shall recommend, 
 upon a statement of facts, the extension of the period through a portion or the whole 
 of another year, and said recommendation receive the approvaf of the Secretary of 
 the Treasury as just and reasonable ; but in no case shall said disabled keeper or member 
 of a crew be continued upon the rolls or receive pay for a longer period than two years. ' ' 
 
 application of keeper or surfman. 
 
 1. Affidavits of two or more witnesses, preferably members of the same crew with 
 the claimant, who are personally knowing to the facts, setting forth the time when 
 and the circumstances under which the injury was received or the disease con- 
 tracted, and all inforina,tion pertinent thereto. 
 
 2. A certificate from a medical officer of the Marine-Hospital Service, if one be acces- 
 sible; if not, from a practicing physician in good standing, describing the disability 
 and certifying whether or not the applicant is so disabled as to unfit him for the per- 
 formance of duty in the Life-Saving Service, and whether in his opinion such dis- 
 ability is the result of the injury or disease described. In case the certificate fuiiiiBhed 
 be that of a local physician, his standing must be vouched for by the superintendent 
 of the district or resident assistant inspector; or, if the applicant be a surfman, the 
 physician's standing may be vouched for by the keeper of the station. 
 
 3. A certificate from the keeper showing the time when and the circumstances under 
 which, the injury was sustained or the disease contracted, if practicable, the date the 
 applicant left the station or ceased to perform duty by reason thereof, and the date of 
 his return to duty (if he has returned), and all information pertinent thereto. If the 
 applicant be the keeper of a station, a certificate from the acting keeper should be 
 furnished. 
 
 By section 3 of the act approved March 26, 1908, section 8 of the act approved May 
 4, 1882, has been amended to read as follows: 
 
 "Sec. 8. That if any keeper or member of a crew of a life-saving station shall here- 
 after die by reason of perilous service or any wound or injury received or disease 
 contracted in the Life-Saving Service in the line of duty, leaving a widow, or a child 
 or children under 16 years of age, or a dependent mother, such widow and child or 
 children and dependent mother shall be entitled to receive, in equal portions, during 
 a period of two years, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may 
 prescribe, the same amount, payable quarterly as far as practicable, that the husband 
 or father or son would be entitled to receive as pay if he were alive and continued in 
 
PEDEBAL employees' COMPENSATION. 43 
 
 the service: Provided, That if the widow shall remarry at any time during the said 
 two years her portion of said amount shall cease to be paid to her from the date of her 
 remarriage, but shall be added to the amount to be paid to the remaining beneficiaries 
 under the provisions of this section, if there be any; and if any child shall arrive at the 
 age of 16 years during the said two years the portion of such child shall cease to be 
 paid to such child from the date on which such age shall be attained, but shall be 
 added to the amount to be paid to the remaining beneficiaries, if there be any." 
 
 widow's application. 
 
 ^"i, ■'^^^^y^*^ o^ t'^o o^ ^o'^^ witnesses who are personally knowing to the facts, setting 
 forth the time when and the circumstances under which the injurv or disease by 
 reason of which the keeper or surfman died was received or contracte'd and all infor- 
 mation pertinent thereto. 
 
 2. Affidavits of attending physicians, stating the date and cause of death, and the 
 probabihty of death having resulted from injury received or disease contracted in the 
 line of duty in the Life-Saving Service. 
 
 3. Proof of marriage of the widow to deceased, which will be valued in the order 
 given below. The highest class of proof obtainable should be furnished. 
 
 (1) The original certificate of marriage or a duly verified copy thereof. 
 
 (2) A duly verified copy of the church register or other pubhc record of the marriage. 
 (3^ The affidavit of the officiating minister or magistrate. 
 
 (4) The testimony of two or more witnesses of the ceremony. 
 
 (5) The testimony of two or more witnesses who know the parties to have lived 
 together as husband and wife from the date of their alleged marriage, the witnesses 
 stating the period during which they knew them thus to cohabit. 
 
 4. Satisfactory evidence that the marriage relation of the claimant to the deceased 
 legally existed at the time of his death. 
 
 5. If either the claimant or deceased was previously married, it must be shown that 
 the former marriage was illegal, or that a decree of divorce had been granted, or that 
 former husband or wife had died, the date of death being given; if neither was pre- 
 viously married, it must be shown by the affidavits of two or more witnesses who 
 were well acquainted with the parties. 
 
 6. It must be shown whether any children of the deceased under 16 years of age, by 
 widow or former wife, were living at the time of his death; and if any, a verified copy 
 of the baptismal or other public record or the affidavit of attending physician should 
 be furnished; or if such evidence can not be had, the affidavits of other creditable per- 
 sons who were present at the birth, giving the name and date of birth of each child. 
 If he left no children, it must be shown by the affidavits of two or more witnesses. 
 
 7. If any of the children are antenuptial, it must be shown whether they were legiti- 
 mated in accordance with law. 
 
 8. It must be shown by the affidavits of two or more witnesses or by other satis- 
 factory evidence whether the deceased left a dependent mother. 
 
 APPLICATION IN BEHALF OF CHILDREN. 
 
 1. In cases where no legal guaxdian has been appointed for minor children of deceased 
 keepers or members of life-saving crews, and said children have no estate other than 
 the portion due them under the provisions of said section 8, and live with and are 
 also the children of the widow of the deceased, she not having remarried and being 
 unable to qualifjr as guardian, application may be made in their behalf by and pay- 
 ment made to said widow. The application must be supported by proof of these facts. 
 
 2. Except as set forth in the preceding paragraph, all applications in behalf of 
 children must be made by a guardian duly appointed under the laws of the State 
 in which they reside. 
 
 3. Proof of the marriage of the father and mother and of his death, the legitimacy 
 of the children and dates of birth, and evidence as to whether the deceased left a 
 dependent mother, as required in the application of a widow. 
 
 4. Proof of authority as guardian, by a verified certificate from the court by which 
 appointed. 
 
 5. In case of the death of the mother or her remarriage, proof of such death or remar- 
 riage, by the same kind of evidence required as to marriage to the father; in case 
 of her abandonment of the children or unfitness to have charge of them, by a certificate 
 of a probate court or other satisfactory evidence. 
 
44 FEDEEAL EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION, 
 
 DEPENDENT MOTHER'S APPLICATION. 
 
 1. The evidence required by paragraphs numbered 1 and 2 under the heading 
 "Widow's application in this circular must be furnished. 
 
 2. It must be shown that the applicant was the mother of the deceased. 
 
 3. It must be shown whether the deceased left a widow or any children under 16 
 years of age, who were living at the time of hia death, and if he left any children, 
 satisfactory evidence must be furnished giving the name and date of birth of each 
 child. If the deceased left no widow or children under 16 years of age, the fact must 
 be shown by the affidavits of two or more witnesses. 
 
 4. It must be shown that the applicant was dependent upon the deceased for sup- 
 port at the time of his death. In proof of dependence it must be shown that previous 
 to the date of the son's decease the applicant's husband had died or that he had 
 abandoned her support, or that on account of injury or disease he was unable to sup- 
 port her. If the husband is dead, proof should be furnished giving the date of his 
 death. If he abandoned the support of his family, the date of abandonment and 
 all facts in the case must be fully set forth. If he was disabled, the nature and extent 
 of his disability must be shown. 
 
 The value of all property owned by the applicant and her husband, the income 
 from same, and the other means of support possessed by the applicant while the 
 deceased contributed to her support must be shown, as weU as the extent, period, 
 and nature of his contributions. 
 
 Forms of original application under either section 7 or section 8 of said acf of May 
 4, 1882, may be had of the several district superintendents or by applying to the 
 General Superintendent of the Life-Saving Service, Washington, D. C. 
 
 S. I. Kimball, 
 General Superintendent. 
 Approved: 
 
 Geokge B. Coeteltotj, 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
 Treasury Department, 
 Bureau of Engraving and Printing, 
 
 March 14, 1912. 
 Chief Clerk Treasury Department. 
 
 Sir: In reply to yoiu- letter of the 27th ultimo, iu which is quoted a letter from the 
 Hon. H. D. Clayton, chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Repre- 
 sentatives, who requests certain information relative to injuries to employees, I beg 
 to state that under the provisions of the act of May 30, 1908, claima for compensa- 
 tion on account of injuries have been approved by fiscal years to the 1st instant, as 
 follows: 
 
 Fiscal year — Amount. 
 
 1909 $2, 206. 66 
 
 1910 3,126.15 
 
 1911 4, 057. 54 
 
 1912, first 8 months 2, 992. 93 
 
 The nature of accidental injiiries sustained by employees of this Bureau may be 
 divided into two classes, viz: Accidents to employees working at machinery and 
 accidents from other causes. 
 
 Accidents to employees working at machinery resulted in injuries to various parts 
 of the body, mostly to fingers, such as cuts, mashes, bruises, bmns, and sprains. The 
 injuries in most cases were slight, and all the employees concerned have returned to 
 work. 
 
 Other accidents were due to employees falling on stairways; slipping on wet floors; 
 stumbling over or against objects; colliding with trucks, doors, or otoer employees; 
 fallmg from platforms or through hatchways; being hurt by falling packages, etc.; 
 splashmg hot oil; pulling trucks, etc. The injuries from these causes resulted in one 
 serious accident, that of an aged prmter suffering from a sprained shoulder and shock, 
 the injury being due to a fall on a wet floor. All the other employees have returned 
 to work. ^ ^ 
 
 The additional cost to this bureau if bill H. R. 20488 should be passed would be 
 ^'^"^'JiAo J •' ^^ J^®^''^y *'^ employees are entitled to the benefits of the act of May 
 dO, 1908, and it is believed the cost would not exceed $100 annually 
 Respectfully, 
 
 F. E. Ferguson, 
 
 Acting Director. 
 
FEDEBAL. EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION. 
 
 45 
 
 Tbeasuky Department, 
 Office op Director of the Mint, 
 
 Washington, March 1, 1912. 
 The Chief Clerk Treastjry Department. 
 
 Sir: Referring to circular letter of the 27th ultimo calling attention to letter re- 
 ceived from Hon. H. D. Clayton with regard to "nature of the accidents and injuries 
 sustained '_' by employees since the passage of the act of May 30, 1908, 1 beg to submit 
 the following information covering injuries sustained by employees in the Mint Service 
 from May 30, 1908, to February 1, 1912: 
 
 Designation of employee. 
 
 Time 
 lost. 
 
 Amount 
 paid. 
 
 Nature of accident. 
 
 Mint at Philadelphia: 
 
 60 
 
 $200 
 
 Fell from top of boiler, crushing hands. 
 Returned to work within 15 days. 
 Hauling trucks; strained and can not work. 
 
 Roller 
 
 Helper 
 
 234 
 125 
 43 
 
 17 
 
 52 
 69 
 18 
 20 
 17 
 
 18 
 261 
 313 
 31 
 60 
 
 25 
 2 
 
 702 
 313 
 129 
 
 66 
 
 182 
 49 
 63 
 70 
 69 
 
 63 
 914 
 1,252 
 109 
 178 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 Ladder gave way while cleaning commutator; 
 
 index finger cut ofE. 
 Band caught in machinery, requiring amputation 
 
 of third finger. 
 Gold bars dropped from scales, falling on foot. 
 Slipped on wet floor; injmed ribs. 
 Repairing steam pipe; severe scald. 
 Hand injured. 
 Hand crushed in machinery. 
 
 Hand caught inlgearing; index finger amputated. 
 Left hand caught in roll and severely lacerated. 
 Ribs broken by heavy pan falling upon him. 
 
 Helper 
 
 Do 
 
 
 
 Do 
 
 Helper 
 
 Mint at San Francisco: 
 
 Do 
 
 Skilled workman 
 
 
 i)o:::::;;;;:;;::::::;:;:: 
 
 Falling of coin stack; general injuries. 
 Foot crushed. 
 
 Hint at Denver: 
 
 Helper 
 
 So 
 
 Returned within 16 days. 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 4,439 
 
 
 
 
 
 Several of the employees in the service are now receiving compensation under the 
 act of May 30, 1908. 
 
 Respectfully, Geo. E. Roberts, 
 
 Director of the Mint 
 
 March 9, 1912. 
 Secretary of Commerce and Labor, 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Dear Sir: Please give me a statement showing the amount that has been paid out 
 to the employees of the Government under an act entitled "An Act granting to certain 
 employees of the United States the right to receive from it compensation for injuries 
 sustained in the course of their employment," approved May 30, 1908. I will also 
 thank you to advise me as to the nature of the accidents and injuries sustaiaed by such 
 employees. 
 
 I beg to hand you herewith a copy of H. R. 20488. You will see that the simple 
 purpose of this bill is to include all other civil employees of the United States in the 
 benefits extended by the above-mentioned act. Can you give me any estimate as to 
 what would be the probable cost to the United States if this bill H. R. 20488 should 
 be passed? 
 
 Your early reply will be appreciated. 
 
 Yours, truly, H. D. Clayton, Chairman. 
 
 Department of Commerce and Labor, 
 
 Washington, March 15, 191Z. 
 Dear Sir: Complying with your request of the 9th instant for a statement show- 
 ing the amount that has been paid out to employees of the Government under the 
 compensation act of May 30, 1908, I am sending herewith a statement marked 
 "Table 1," showing the number and aggregate cost of compensated cases for the first 
 two years' of the operation of this act, and for the third year in so far as payments 
 
46 FEDEEAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 have been made up to November 30, 1911, on account of accidents occurring between 
 July 1, 1910, and June 30, 1911, the third year of the act. It is to be noted that for 
 the first year the operations cover but 11 months, since the act came in effect on 
 August 1, 1908. 
 
 You will observe that the accidents are classified according to their results, as fatal 
 and nonfatal, showing the total number of each and the aggregate cost for each year, 
 with the total for the three years by departments and for the entire service covered. 
 Data are shown but for two years so far as the Isthmian Canal Commission is con- 
 cerned, for the reason that the act of March 3, 1911, took the administration of this 
 act out of the hands of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor and intrusted it entirely 
 to the Isthmian Canal Commission, so that we have not at hand the data for the last 
 year except in part. The fact that compensation payments under the act may con- 
 tinue for a full year after the termination of the year in which they occurred nMi,ke8 
 it impossible to give a complete showing of the payments for the accidents of any 
 given year until the end of a year, plus sufficient time to secure all returns. For 
 this reason the data for 1910-11 are incomplete and include, as stated, only such 
 payments as were reported as made in completed cases up to November 30, 1911. 
 
 Complying with your request for the native of accidents, I am sending a statement 
 marked "Table 2," which shows the number of compensated accidents by cause of 
 injury for the first and second years, by departments, with the total for each year. 
 This table presents only the compensated cases, as does the statement marked "Table 
 3," which IS sent in compliance with your request for a statement of the nature of the 
 injuries sustained by the employees. In this latter table the departmental classifi- 
 cation is ignored, and the number and per cent of compensated accidents are shown 
 for each class of injury for the first and second years, with a total for the two years. 
 
 It may be of interest to add in this connection that the total number of injuries 
 reported for the first year (11 months) was 4,862 and for the second year 6,948; that 
 the number of fatalities for the first period was 233 and for the second 226; that the 
 number of claims submitted for the first year was 1,805 and the number allowed 
 1,689; that during the second year there were 2,624 claims submitted and 2,499 
 allowed. 
 
 As to your inquiry whether it is possible to give an estimate as to the probable cost 
 to the United States if bill H. R. 20488 should become a law, I beg to state that I 
 feel unable to attempt to make such an estimate. The experience of the past three 
 years would of course be available as furnishing a basis for computing the cost of the 
 administration of a law covering any number of employees exposed to like hazards 
 and receiving corresponding compensation. It is a fact, however, that the largest 
 additions that would be made to the list of protected employees are exposed to a 
 much smaller degree of hazard than that of the present protected class, while, on 
 the other hand, certain small classes are exposed to perhaps greater hazard than the 
 majority of those iiow covered by the law. The rates of compensation, also, are 
 various, and for those not now included would probably average above the wages 
 earned by the present beneficiaries of the law. Another difficulty that would arise 
 in this connection would be the determination of what classes are excluded from 
 the protection of the law by the retention of the term "hazardous employments," 
 which has afforded continual difficulty in the administration of the act of May 30, 
 1908, and which was, as you will recall, stricken out, in so far as employees of the 
 Isthmian Canal Commission are concerned, by the act of March 3, 1911. The ques- 
 tion would naturally arise whether it was intended to restore this restrictive phrase 
 in view of its presence in line 2 on page 2 of the bill in hand. If I might venture the 
 suggestion, if it is the purpose of the bill to include all civil employees of the United 
 States, as intimated by your communication, could not that end be reached clearly 
 and without uncertainty by striking out the enumerations with their restrictive 
 modifiers and use the clause "all civilian employees of the United States," with 
 perhaps a restriction as to the amount of salary that should be considered, say, $1,200, 
 in computing the compensation payments under the act? 
 
 Very truly, yours, Charles Nagel, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Hon. H. D. Clayton, 
 
 Chairman Committee on the Judiciary, 
 
 House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. 
 
FEDEEAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 47 
 
 Table 1. — Number and aggregate cost of fatal and nonfatal compensated accidents in the 
 several departments of the Oovemment during each of the three years Aug. 1, 1908, to 
 June SO, 1909; July 1, 1909, to June SO, 1910; and July 1, 1910, to June SO, 1911. 
 
 
 Fatal. 
 
 Nonfatal. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Department. 
 
 Niimber. 
 
 Aggregate 
 cost. 
 
 Number. 
 
 coit. 
 
 Number. 
 
 Aggregate 
 cost. 
 
 Isthmian Canal Commission: 
 1908-9 
 
 .33 
 49 
 
 {20,994.19 
 26,964.23 
 
 716 
 1,093 
 
 179,225.04 
 122,287.07 
 
 749 
 1,142 
 
 J100,219.23 
 149,241.30 
 
 1909-10 
 
 
 Total 
 
 82 
 
 47,948.42 
 
 1,809 
 
 201,512.11 
 
 1,891 
 
 249,460.53 
 
 
 Treasury: 
 
 1908-9 
 
 
 
 U9 
 29 
 49 
 
 4,402.16 
 3,491.63 
 5,265.98 
 
 119 
 29 
 49 
 
 4,402.15 
 3,491.63 
 5,265.98 
 
 1909-10 
 
 
 
 1910-11 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 
 197 
 
 13,159.76 
 
 197 
 
 13, 159. 76 
 
 
 
 
 War: 
 
 1908-9 
 
 16 
 
 23 
 
 3 
 
 10,379.29 
 15,696.27 
 1,459.15 
 
 243 
 349 
 361 
 
 26,134.37 
 33,854.35 
 34,668.98 
 
 259 
 372 
 364 
 
 36,513.66 
 49,649.62 
 36,118.13 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1910-11 
 
 
 Total 
 
 42 
 
 27,633.71 
 
 953 
 
 94,647.70 
 
 995 
 
 122,181.41 
 
 
 Navy: 
 
 1908-9 
 
 11 
 8 
 7 
 
 9,366.88 
 5,895.38 
 6,750.08 
 
 551 
 
 2 796 
 
 812 
 
 68,886.91 
 84,527.30 
 73,134.71 
 
 562 
 
 2 803 
 
 819 
 
 78, 243. 79 
 
 1909-10 
 
 90,422.68 
 79,884.79 
 
 1910-11 
 
 
 Total 
 
 26 
 
 22,002.34 
 
 2 2,158 
 
 226,648.92 
 
 2 2,184 
 
 248,551.26 
 
 
 Interior: 
 
 1908-9 
 
 4 
 10 
 1 
 
 4,206.25 
 
 10,437.10 
 
 751.20 
 
 68 
 
 3 98 
 
 89 
 
 15,883.91 
 17,197.54 
 11,102.30 
 
 72 
 
 S108 
 
 90 
 
 20,090.16 
 27,634.64 
 11,853.50 
 
 1909-10. . . 
 
 1910-11 
 
 
 Total 
 
 16 
 
 15,394.55 
 
 3 255 
 
 44,183.75 
 
 8 270 
 
 59,578.30 
 
 
 Commerce and Labor: 
 1908-9 
 
 
 
 4 
 2 
 2 
 
 1,391.47 
 135.48 
 172. 09 
 
 4 
 2 
 2 
 
 1,391.47 
 136.48 
 
 
 
 
 1910-11 
 
 
 
 172.09 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 ' 
 
 8 
 
 1,699.04 
 
 8 
 
 1,699.04 
 
 
 
 
 
 Government Printing OflSce: 
 
 1908-9 
 
 
 
 23 
 40 
 56 
 
 1,437.15 
 4,287.84 
 4,469.31 
 
 23 
 
 40 
 56 
 
 1, 437. 15 
 
 1909-10. 
 
 
 
 4,287.84 
 
 1910-11 L 
 
 
 
 4,459.31 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 
 119 
 
 10,184.30 
 
 119 
 
 10,184.30 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 165 
 
 112,879.02 
 
 <5,399 
 
 691,936.58 
 
 «5,564 
 
 704,814.60 
 
 
 ■1 Not including 1 claimant, compensation not reported. 
 2 Not including 1 claimant, wlio disappeared without receiving compensation. 
 ' Not including 2 claimants, who disappeared without receiving compensation. 
 
 * Not including 1 claimant, compensation not reported, and 3 claimants who disappeared without 
 receiving compensation. 
 ' Not including Isthmian Canal Commission, 1910-11. 
 
48 
 
 federaIj employees compensation. 
 
 Table 2. — Number of accidents, compensated, in the various Government departments 
 during each of the two years, Aug. 1, 1908, to June SO, 1909, and July 1, 1909, to June 
 SO, 1910, classified by cause of injury. 
 
 Cause of injury. 
 
 Isthmian Canal 
 Commission. 
 
 Treasury 
 Department. 
 
 War 
 Department. 
 
 Navy 
 Department. 
 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 
 6 
 10 
 
 44 
 
 3 
 24 
 
 10 
 
 66 
 
 12 
 1 
 
 191 
 
 34 
 20 
 
 120 
 
 7 
 85 
 
 5 
 
 14 
 5 
 
 59 
 
 10 
 23 
 
 4 
 14 
 47 
 
 g 
 60 
 
 3 
 
 37 
 
 23 
 11 
 
 161 
 
 66 
 37 
 
 272 
 
 5 
 177 
 
 2 
 
 16 
 87 
 
 59 
 
 17 
 
 34 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 2 
 3 
 39 
 
 ii' 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 12 
 43 
 
 3 
 22 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 15 
 1 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 19 
 
 49 
 
 7 
 12 
 
 3 
 
 21 
 23 
 
 28 
 
 3 
 24 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 79 
 
 3 
 24 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 23 
 
 5 
 
 124 
 
 62 
 23 
 
 66 
 
 4- 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 8 
 
 71 
 
 5 
 28 
 
 1 
 
 
 2. Power transmission apparatus 
 
 3. Working machinery using power.. 
 
 4. Working machinery not using 
 
 power 
 
 9' 
 
 i' 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 107 
 
 6 
 
 5. Elevators, iioistjs, cranes, etc 
 
 6. Steam boilers and pipes (explo- 
 
 sions, etc.) 
 
 24 
 5 
 
 7. Explosions of dynamite, powder. 
 
 X 
 
 8. InQammable, poisonous, hot, cor- 
 rosive materials, gases, vapors, 
 etc 
 
 
 1 
 
 58 
 
 8tt. Electrical current 
 
 g 
 
 9. Collapse, fall, etc., of materials. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 56 
 
 30 
 
 •7 
 
 38 
 
 2 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 17 
 1 
 
 21 
 
 2 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 
 10. Falls irom ladders, stairs, scaffold- 
 ing, etc., or into excavations, 
 etc 
 
 83 
 
 
 
 11. Loading, unloading, lifting, car- 
 
 122 
 
 12. Vehicles (run over by wagons. 
 
 
 13. Railway operation (run over, etc.) 
 
 14. Animals (kicks, bites, etc.) and 
 
 riding 
 
 1? 
 11 
 
 
 
 15. Shipping and water transporta- 
 tion ; 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 ISn. Flying bodies, splinters, etc 
 
 16. Hand tools and simple instru- 
 
 
 
 60 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 56 
 
 Ua. Stepping on nails and similar 
 
 11 
 
 17. Other : 
 
 
 8 
 
 34 
 
 18. Not reported 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 749 
 
 1,142 
 
 20 
 
 29 
 
 259 
 
 372 
 
 562 
 
 '804 
 
 
 
FEDERAL EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 49 
 
 Table 2. — Number of accidents, compensated, in the various Government departments 
 during each of the two years, Aug. 1, 1908, to June SO, 1909, and July 1, 1909, to June 
 SO, 1910, classified by cause of injury — Continued. 
 
 Cause of injury. 
 
 Interior 
 Department. 
 
 Department of 
 Commerce 
 and Labor. 
 
 Government 
 
 Printing 
 
 Office. 
 
 Total. 
 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 1. Motors 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 20 
 183 
 
 6 
 66 
 
 23 
 
 77 
 
 49 
 8 
 
 397 
 
 136 
 66 
 
 235 
 
 17 
 95 
 
 13 
 
 37 
 15 
 
 158 
 
 20 
 
 05 
 
 . 2 
 
 11 
 
 2. Power transmission apparatus 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. Working machinery using power.. 
 
 4. Working macliinery not using 
 
 power 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 27 
 
 17 
 2 
 
 110 
 
 2 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 219 
 19 
 
 5. Elevators, hoists, cranes, etc 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 6. Steam boilers and pipes (explo- 
 sions, etc.) 
 
 
 
 
 7. Explosions ot dynamite, powder, 
 etc •. 
 
 5 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 4S 
 
 108 
 21 
 
 8. Inflammable, poisonous, hot, cor- 
 rosive materials, gases, vapors, 
 etc 
 
 
 
 4 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 8a. Electrical current 
 
 
 
 9. Collapse, fall, etc., of materials, 
 etc 
 
 21 
 
 5 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 1 361 
 
 10. FaUs from ladders, stairs, scaflold- 
 ing, etc., or into excavations 
 
 2 
 
 i" 
 
 214 
 
 lie 
 
 1 4g2 
 
 11. Loading, unloading, lifting, car- 
 rying, etc 
 
 12. Vehicles (run over by wagons, 
 
 
 
 25 
 
 13. Railway operation (run over, etc.) 
 
 14. Animals (kicks, bites, etc.) and 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15. Shipping and water transporta- 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 
 7 
 
 16 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 179 
 
 16. Hand tools and simple instru- 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 IGa. Stepping on nails and similar 
 sharp bodies.. 
 
 33 
 
 17. Other 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 2 
 
 105 
 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 72 
 
 MIO 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 23 
 
 40 
 
 1,689 
 
 3 2,499 
 
 
 
 1 Including 1 claimant who disappeared without receiving compensation. 
 
 2 Including 2 claimants who disappeared without receiving compensation. 
 
 3 Including 3 claimants who disappeared without receiving compensation. 
 
 Table 3. — Number and per cent of all compensated accidents during each of the two years 
 Aug. 1, 1908, to June SO, 1909, and July 1, 1909, to June SO, 1910, classified by nature 
 of injury. 
 
 Nature of injury. 
 
 Number. Per cent. 
 
 Number. Per cent, 
 
 Total. 
 
 Number. Per cent. 
 
 Upper extremity; 
 
 l.'Loss of right arm 
 
 Iffl.Loss of either arm not specified 
 
 2. Fracture of arm or forearm 
 
 3. Other injuries to either arm or forearm. 
 
 4. Loss of right hand. 
 
 5. Loss of either hand not specified 
 
 6. Fracture 0/ bones of hand 
 
 7. Other injuries to hand 
 
 8. Loss of one finger, right hand 
 
 9. Loss of one finger, left hand 
 
 10. Loss of more than one finger, right hand . 
 
 11. Loss of more than one finger, left hand . . 
 
 12. Loss ot finger or fingers, both hands or 
 
 either hand , not specified 
 
 .06 
 2.07 
 2.13 
 
 .06 
 .77 
 5.57 
 .41 
 .18 
 .24 
 .06 
 
 3.32 
 
 4 
 4 
 49 
 57 
 2 
 3 
 34 
 167 
 36 
 43 
 10 
 14 
 
 .16 
 
 .16 
 
 1.96 
 
 2.28 
 
 .08 
 
 .12 
 
 1.36 
 
 6.68 
 
 1.44 
 
 1.72 
 
 .40 
 
 .66 
 
 .32 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 84 
 
 93 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 47 
 
 261 
 
 43 
 
 46 
 
 14 
 
 16 
 
 .10 
 
 .12 
 
 2.01 
 
 2.22 
 
 .05 
 
 .10 
 
 1.12 
 
 6.23 
 
 1.03 
 
 i.io- 
 
 .33 
 .36 
 
 1.63 
 
 36121—12- 
 
50 
 
 FEDERAL. EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION. 
 
 Table 3.— Number and per cent of all compensated accidents during each of the two years 
 Aug. 1, 1908, to June SO, 1909, and July 1, 1909, to June SO, 1910, classified by nature 
 of injury — Continued . 
 
 
 1908-9 
 
 1909-10 
 
 Total. 
 
 Nature of injury. 
 
 ?^umber. 
 
 Per cent. 
 
 S'umber. 
 
 Percent. 
 
 Number. 
 
 Percent. 
 
 Upper extremity— Continued. 
 
 82 
 183 
 44 
 
 4.86 
 10.83 
 2.61 
 
 119 
 
 274 
 
 23 
 
 4.76 
 
 10.96 
 
 .92 
 
 201 
 467 
 67 
 
 4.30 
 
 
 10.91 
 
 15. All other injuries to upper extremity 
 
 1.60 
 
 Total 
 
 560 
 
 38.16 
 
 847 
 
 33.89 
 
 1,407 
 
 33.60 
 
 
 
 Lower extremity: 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 17 
 
 49 
 
 2 
 
 128 
 
 8 
 
 90 
 
 172 
 
 3 
 
 101 
 
 .65 
 
 .12 
 1.01 
 2.90 
 
 .12 
 7.68 
 
 .47 
 6.33 
 10.18 
 
 .18 
 5.98 
 
 14 
 
 3 
 
 10 
 
 159 
 
 1 
 
 247 
 
 2 
 
 115 
 
 1330 
 
 14 
 
 28 
 
 .56 
 .12 
 .40 
 
 2.36 
 .04 
 
 9.88 
 .08 
 
 4.60 
 
 13.21 
 
 .66 
 
 1.12 
 
 25 
 
 5 
 
 27 
 
 1108 
 
 3 
 
 375 
 
 10 
 
 205 
 
 1502 
 
 17 
 
 129 
 
 .60 
 
 
 .12 
 
 
 .64 
 
 19 Fracture of either leg 
 
 2.SS 
 
 
 .07 
 
 21 Other injuries to thigh or leg 
 
 8.99 
 
 
 .24 
 
 
 4.89 
 
 24 Other injuries to foot 
 
 11.99 
 
 
 .41 
 
 26. All other injuries, lower extremity 
 
 3.08 
 
 Total 
 
 583 
 
 34.52 
 
 2 823 
 
 32.93 
 
 n,406 
 
 33.57 
 
 
 
 Combined injuries to upper or lower extremity: 
 
 1 
 6 
 13 
 
 .06 
 
 .36 
 
 ■ .77 
 
 1 
 2 
 14 
 
 .04 
 .08 
 .56 
 
 2 
 8 
 27 
 
 .09 
 
 28. Including fractures 
 
 .19 
 
 29. All other injuries to the extremities 
 
 .64 
 
 Total 
 
 20 
 
 1.18 
 
 17 
 
 .68 
 
 37 
 
 .88 
 
 
 
 Trunk: 
 
 40 
 20 
 60 
 62 
 14 
 66 
 
 2.37 
 1.18 
 2.96 
 3.67 
 .83 
 3.32 
 
 164 
 24 
 61 
 
 117 
 
 9 
 
 63 
 
 2.16 
 .96 
 
 2.44 
 
 4.68 
 .36 
 
 2.12 
 
 194 
 44 
 
 111 
 
 179 
 23 
 
 109. 
 
 2.24 
 
 
 1.05 
 
 32. Injuries to back 
 
 2.65 
 
 
 4.27 
 
 34. Other abdominal injuries 
 
 .55 
 
 35. All other injuries to trunk. 
 
 2.60 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 242 
 
 14.33 
 
 1318 
 
 12.73 
 
 1560 
 
 13.37 
 
 
 
 ifeyes: 
 
 9 
 63 
 
 .53 
 3.73 
 
 8 
 90 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 .32 
 
 3.60 
 
 .08 
 
 .28 
 
 17 
 
 153 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 .41 
 
 
 3.65 
 
 37a. Loss of both eyes 
 
 .05 
 
 
 1 
 
 .06 
 
 .19 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 73 
 
 4.32 
 
 1.07 
 
 4.28 
 
 180 
 
 4.30 
 
 
 
 Head: 
 
 39. Fracture of skull 
 
 9 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 33 
 
 .53 
 .47 
 .41 
 1.95 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 8 
 78 
 
 .96 
 
 .32 
 
 .32 
 
 3.12 
 
 33 
 16 
 15 
 111 
 
 .79 
 
 
 .38 
 
 41. Concussion of brain without fracture 
 
 42. All other injuries to head 
 
 .36 
 2.65 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 67 
 
 3.37 
 
 ll.S 
 
 4.72 
 
 175 
 
 4.18 
 
 
 
 Neck: 
 
 44. All injuries 
 
 4 
 
 .24 
 
 4 
 
 .16 
 
 8 
 
 .19 
 
 
 
 Miscellaneous: 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 114 
 
 27 
 
 .47 
 
 .06 
 
 6.75 
 
 1.60 
 
 11 
 
 8 
 
 244 
 
 2 
 
 .44 
 
 .32 
 
 9.76 
 
 .08 
 
 19 
 
 9 
 
 358 
 
 29 
 
 ■ .45 
 
 4fi. PnisoTiiTig , . 
 
 .21 
 
 
 8.95 
 .69 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 150 
 
 8.88 
 
 265 
 
 10.60 
 
 415 
 
 9.91 
 
 
 
 
 1,689 
 
 100.00 
 
 >2,499 
 
 100.00 
 
 S4,188 
 
 100.00 
 
 
 
 1 Including 1 claimant, who disappeared without receiving con\pensation. 
 
 2 Including 2 claimants, who disappeared without receiving compensation. 
 " Including 3 claimants, who disappeared without receiving compensation. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Page. 
 
 Bills before committee 3 
 
 Statement of Hon. Frederick H. Gillett, a Representative from the State of 
 
 Massachusetts 10 
 
 Statement of Hon. A. P. Gardner, a Representative from the State of Massa- 
 chusetts 11 
 
 Statement of Hon. James M. Curley, a Representative from the State of Mas- 
 sachusetts 12 
 
 Statement of Mr. George L. Cain, president of the National League of Gov- 
 ernment Employees, of Lynn, Mass 13 
 
 Statement of Mr. William E. Kelley, president of the National Association of 
 
 Letter Carriers 19 
 
 Statement of Mr. E. J. Cantwell, secretary of the National Association of Letter 
 
 Carriers 20 
 
 Statement of Hon. E. W. Roberts, a Representative from the State of Massa- 
 chusetts 25 
 
 Statement of Hon. John A. Sterling, a Representative from the State of Illinois. 26 
 
 Appendix 41 
 
 Letter of chairman Committee on the Judiciary to Secretary of the Treasury. . . 41 
 
 Replies of Secretary of the Treasury 41 
 
 Letter from Acting Director of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing 44 
 
 Letter from Director of the Mint 45 
 
 Letter of chairman of Committee on the Judiciary to Secretary of Commerce 
 
 and Labor 45 
 
 Letter from Secretary of Commerce and Labor , 45 
 
 51 
 
 . O 
 
J /iiie.utiAa laiza 
 
 ederal employees' compensation.Hearings 
 
 3 1924 002 403 842 
 

 
 DATE DUE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ! 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GAYLORD 
 
 
 
 PHINTEOINU.S.A.