JIIIIIHIilllfllMllllll i < LIBRARY NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE jP 7 /! ITHACA, N. Y. R(o5 /9ii000 Medical Words Pronounced and Defined V^Student's Pronouncing Medical Lexicon. Containing all the Words, their Definition and Pronunciation, that the Student generally comes in contact with ; also elaborate Tables of the Arteries, Muscles, Nerves, Bacilli, etc., etc.; a Dose List in both English and Metric System, etc., arranged in a most con- venient form for reference and memorizing. Thin 641110. 838 pages. Flexible Morocco, net, $1.00; Thumb Index, net, $1.25. From The New York Medical Record. " This is a handy little volume of medical terms, convenient in shape and size and printed in clear type, which will doubtless be found extremely use- ful by students. A commendable feature is the insertion of tables of the ar- teries, muscles, nerves, micro-organisms, a comparison of the Centigrade, Reaumur, and Fahrenheit thermometric scales, and a list of drugs with their doses according to both the English and metric systems." The Pocket Cyclopedia of Medicine and Surgery A concise practical volume containing a vast amount of informa- tion on all medical matters of interest to the Druggist, including Diagnosis and Treatment of Disease, with Formulas and Pre- scriptions, Emergencies, Poisons, Drugs and Their Uses, Nursing, Surgical Procedures, Dose List in both English and Metric Systems, etc. By DRS. GOULD and PYLE. Based upon their large " Cyclopedia of Medicine and Surgery," and uniform with " Gould's Pocket Medical Dictionary." Nearly 600 pages. Price, $1.00. Full Limp Leather, Gilt Edges From The Pharmaceutical Era, New York. " A very complete dose table, giving the doses of official and unofficial drugs in both the English and metric system, is one of the features of the ' cy- clopedia.' " From Drug Topics, New York. " The book is compiled in such a manner as to be of the greatest service to both the physician and pharmacist in the treatment of disease and the com- pounding of medicine. The most common forms of disease that affect the hu- man system are listed, together with the symptoms, treatment, therapeutics, etc. Many efficient prescriptions are also included in this work." Digitized by Microsoft® THE LATIN GRAMMAR PHARMACY AND MEDICINE BY D. H. ROBINSON, Ph.D. LATH DEAN OF SCHOOL OF ARTS, AND PROFESSOR OF LATIN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE, UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY L. E. SAYRE, Ph. M. PROFESSOR OF PHARMACY IN, AND DEAN OF, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS FOURTH EDITION, WITH ELABORATE VOCABULARIES, THOROUGHLY REVISED BY HANNAH OLIVER, A.M. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF LATIN, SCHOOL OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PHILADELPHIA P. BLAKISTON'S SON & CO. 1012 WALNUT STREET 1903 Digitized byf&icrosoft® Copyright, 1903, by P. Blakiston's Son & Co. P/l NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE LIBRARY WM. F. FELL & CO., ELECTROTYPERS AND PRINTERS 1220-24 SANSOM STREET. PHILADELPHIA. Digitized by Microsoft® PREFACE TO FOURTH EDITION. The present edition of the Latin Grammar of Pharmacy and Medicine retains the essential features of the three earlier ones. Some changes and some additions have been shown to be advis- able by the experience of the classroom and by the suggestions of reviewers and teachers. Many exercises have been shortened or simplified, some have been omitted ; all have been carefully reviewed and any forms or constructions for which the previous lessons have not pre- pared the student have been removed. All words lacking in the vocabulary have been supplied. The statements of some of the principles of syntax have been altered, the chapters on the subjunctive have received special attention. In accordance with the expressed wish of some pharmacists and physicians, the English method of the pronunciation of Latin has been explained. All long vowels are marked; the mark of short vowels has been omitted except in rare instances. Professor L. E. Sayre, whose name has been connected with this book from the first, has contributed a chapter on Prescrip- tion Writing and one on Chemical Terms, and a List of Pharma- ceutical and Medical Terms with their Definitions. Many additional prescriptions have been distributed through the earlier lessons and several have been added before the Read- ing Lessons in the latter part of the book. For these, also, thanks are due to Professor Sayre. It is believed that these new features will increase the value and effectiveness of the book ; and it is recommended that words from the list of pharmaceutical and medical terms be assigned early in the course as a part of each lesson until all are learned. Hannah Oliver. Lawrence, Kansas, April, 1903 v Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION. This book is the outgrowth of experience. It was designed expressly to meet the needs of the first year pharmacy and med- ical students of this institution. Considerable experience in teaching such students had clearly shown that those who had not studied Latin were at great disadvantage compared with those who had acquired a fair knowledge of that language. They were found to be much slower in understanding the terminology and securing a firm grasp of the subjects presented; and, with- out a clear knowledge of terms, satisfactory progress was im- possible. To remedy this difficulty, all pharmacy and first year medical students were required to study Latin, using the same text-books as do classical students. The result was a great im- provement, but not as great as was anticipated. Something was found to be still lacking. For though the student made fair progress in learning the language, he of course made no progress in learning the peculiar terminology of his subject. Here was another difficulty. How should it be met? It was very clear that if the student, while learning his Latin, could learn, at the same time, the names of drugs and many of the formulae for preparing medicines, a great gain would be made. This would make the study of the language practical, and bear directly upon his life-work. But how could this be done? Where could a suitable book be found? Who had published it? These were some of our inquiries. Looking diligently in all directions, and searching carefully everywhere, we found to our surprise that no such book had yet been made. What should we do ? Give it up and go back to the old unsatisfactory way? In our perplexity a friend suggested that we make the desired book, or at least such a book as our experience in teaching showed that the pupil required; that if we thus sup- plied the needs of our own students, we should probably supply the needs of thousands of others. With no guide, therefore, vii Digitized by Microsoft® Vlll PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION. but our own experience and observation, we have prepared this little book for the special use of pharmacy and medical students. The aim has been to make it as practical for these students as the philosophical unfolding of the principles of Latin grammar would permit. Our motto has been, "The minimum of theory and the maximum of practice." In writing the exercises we have tried to avoid stiffness and formality, and make them lively and interesting, often carrying a connected thought through an entire lesson. The questions to be answered in Latin, carried through many lessons, will be found very useful in requiring the student to master a large vocabulary early in his course. To the same end the teacher will find it profitable to require the student to recite chiefly without a book. The book contains for translation many Latin prescriptions, and formulas for preparing medicines, partly taken from books written recently, and partly from the old Roman writers Cato and Celsus. We trust our "Suggestive Derivations " will also prove a valu- able feature of the work, and prompt the student to much earnest study of a similar nature in the line indicated. Our acknowledgments are due to Professor L. E. Sayre, the Dean of the Department of Pharmacy in the University of Kansas, for valuable suggestions and assistance in pharmacy; to Miss Adelaide Rudolph, Assistant Teacher of Latin in the same institution, for thoroughly testing the work in the class- room; also to Ginn & Co., for permission to follow, as far as might suit our convenience, the plan of Collar & Daniell's " Beginner's Latin Book." Conscious that the book may contain many imperfections, we ask those into whose hands it may fall, to note and kindly send us such suggestions of changes as they think ought to be made, to the end that, if we are ever fortunate enough to reach a second edition, such suggestions may be utilized in making a better and more useful work. D. H. Robinson. Digitized by Microsoft® CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Letters and Sounds. page Analysis of the Alphabet 7 Roman Method of Pronunciation 7 Division of Words into Syllables 8 General Rules of Quantity 8 Rules of Accent, 9 English Method of Pronunciation, 9-12 Names of Cases 12, 13 General Rules of Gender 13 CHAPTER II. First Declension. Stem and Case Endings 13 Characteristic Vowel and Genitive Ending of the Five Declensions 14 Paradigms 14, 15 Subject of a Finite Verb 15 Direct Object, 15 Predicate Nominative 15 Indirect Objective 15 The Interrogative Enclitic ne 16 Possessive Dative 16 CHAPTER III. Second Declension. Paradigms, 18 Answers 18 Agreement of Adjectives 19 Case of Appositive 20 CHAPTER IV. First and Second Declensions. Agent Expressed by the Ablative with a or ab 23 CHAPTER V. Adjectives of the First and Second Declensions. Paradigms, 25, 26 CHAPTER VI. Irregular Verb Sum. Inflection of the Verb 28-31 Means and Instrument, 32 Interrogative Participles ne, nonne, num, 32 ix Digitized by Microsoft® X CONTENTS. CHAPTER VII. First Conjugation. page Infinite Endings and Characteristic Vowels of the Four Conjugations, 34 Paradigm of Amo 34 _ 37 Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imper- fect, and Future Indicative, and the Present Im- perative and Infinitive, 38, 39 CHAPTER VIII. First Conjugation. Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluper- fect, and Future Perfect Indicative, and the Per- fect Infinitive 4°r 4 1 CHAPTER IX. Third Declension. Paradigms of Nouns with Mute Stems, 41, 42 CHAPTER X. Second Conjugation. Comparison with First Conjugation 46 Paradigm of Verb Moneo 46-50 CHAPTER XI. Second Conjugation. Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imperfect, and Future Indicative, and the Present Imperative and Infinitive, 50, 51 Double Questions 51 CHAPTER XII. Second Conjugation. Ablative of Separation 53 Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future Perfect Indicative and the Perfect In- finitive, 54, jj Prajscrlptum jj CHAPTER XIII. Third Declension. Paradigms of Nouns with Liquid Stems 55 Ablative of Time r6 Prasscriptum cy CHAPTER XIV. Third Declension. Paradigms of Nouns with s-stems r* Ablative of Manner eg PrEescriptum „ CHAPTER XV. Third Declension. Paradigms of Nouns and Adjectives with Stems in I , . . . 60, 61 Words Classed under i-stems, ,' ' gj Verbs of Making, Choosing, etc., ' g 2 Digitized by Microsoft® CONTENTS. XI CHAPTER XVI. Third Declension. page Paradigms of Nouns and Adjectives with Mixed Stems, 64 Rules of Gender 65 Suggestive Derivations, 67 CHAPTER XVII. Third Conjugation. Paradigm of Verb Rego 68-7 1 CHAPTER XVIII. Third Conjugation. Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imperfect, and Future Indicative, and the Present Imperative and Infinitive 71—73 Prasscripta 73 CHAPTER XIX. Third Conjugation. Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future Perfect Indicative, and the Perfect In- finitive 74, 75 Passages for Translation, 76, 77 CHAPTER XX. Comparison op Adjectives. Regular and Irregular Comparison 77, 78 Declension of the Comparative, 78 Comparative without Quam 78 Passages for Translation, 80 CHAPTER XXI. Adverbs and their Comparison. Suggestive Derivations, 83 CHAPTER XXII. Fourth Conjugation. Paradigm of the Verb Audio, 84-87 CHAPTER XXIII. Fourth Conjugation. Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imperfect, and I Future Indicative, and Present Imperative and Infinitive, 87-89 Prasscriptum, 90 Suggestive Derivations 90 CHAPTER XXIV. Fourth Conjugation. Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluperfect and Future Perfect Indicative, and the Perfect In- finitive, 90-92 Digitized by Microsoft® Xll CONTENTS. CHAPTER XXV. Third Conjugation: Verbs in id. PAGE Paradigm of the Verb Capid 93— 95 CHAPTER XXVI. Third Conjugation: Verbs in id. Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Tenses of the In- dicative, Imperative and Infinitive 95 - 97 Prascriptum, 97 CHAPTER XXVII. Fourth Declension. Rule of Gender, p8 Paradigms 98 CHAPTER XXVIII. Fifth Declension. Rule of Gender, 100 Paradigms, I00 Ablative of Specification, 10 2 CHAPTER XXIX. Special Paradigms, 76, 77 Prasscripta IO j CHAPTER XXX. Classes of Pronouns, I0 3 Paradigms of Personal, Reflective and Possessive Pro- nouns I04i I0 j CHAPTER XXXI. Demonstrative Pronouns. Suggestive Derivations IO » Paradigms ' [ io7i Io8 Passages for Translation, IIO CHAPTER XXXII. Demonstrative Pronouns. Paradigms 11T Uses of Hie, Iste, Ille, Is, Distinguished, IIX Passage for Translation, 1 1 •? 1 14. CHAPTER XXXIII. Relative, Interrogative, and Indefinite Pronouns Paradigms ' Observations on the Indefinite Pronouns, 11c Agreement of a Relative, IIC . I Duration of Time 118 Passage for Translation zl Digitized by Microsoft® CONTENTS. X1U CHAPTER XXXIV. page Compounds of Sum 120, 121 Dative Governed by Compounds 122 CHAPTER XXXV. Deponent Verbs. First and Second Conjugation, 123, 124 Passage for Translation, 125 CHAPTER XXXVI. Deponent Verbs. Third and Fourth Conjugations 126 Ablative with Utor, etc., 126 Verbs of Remembering and Forgetting 126 CHAPTER XXXVII. Numeral Adjectives 128-130 Partitive Genitive 130 Suggestive Derivations, 131 CHAPTER XXXVIII. Irregular Verbs. Paradigms of Void, Maid, Nolo, 132, 133 Passage for Translation, 135 CHAPTER XXXIX. Irregular Verbs. Paradigm of Ferd 135, 136 Passage for Translation, 138 CHAPTER XL. Irregular Verbs. Paradigms of Ed and Fid 138, 139 Suggestive Derivations 14 1 Passage for Translation, 14 1 CHAPTER XLI. Prepositions 142 Expressions of Place i4 2 i J 43 Suggestive Derivations 145 Passage for Translation, 145 CHAPTER XLII. The Subjunctive. Sequence of Tenses 146, 147 Clauses of Purpose, 147 CHAPTER XLIII. The Subjunctive. Relative Clauses of Purpose, J 49 The Ablative of Characteristic, 149 The Genitive of Characteristic, 149 Suggestive Derivations, J 5° Digitized by Microsoft® XIV CONTENTS. CHAPTER XLIV. The Subjunctive. page Substantive Clauses 150 Use of Quln, 150 Dative with Verbs of Pleasing, etc., 151 Substantive Clauses with Verbs of Admonishing, etc.,. . 151 CHAPTER XLV. The Subjunctive. Clauses of Result, 152 Substantive Clauses with Verbs of Doing, etc., 152 Substantive Clause as Subject of Impersonal Verbs 152 Ut and Ne with Verbs of Fearing, 153 Suggestive Derivations 154 CHAPTER XLVI. The Subjunctive. Cum Temporal 134 Cum Causal and Adversative 154 Passage for Translation, 136 CHAPTER XLVII. The Subjunctive. Indirect Questions, 1 cQ l 157 CHAPTER XLVIII. The Subjunctive. Wishes and Conditions 1 jp CHAPTER XLIX. The Subjunctive. The Volitive Subj'unctive xg! Prescriptions for Translation, xdi Suggestive Derivations z g 2> 163 CHAPTER L. The Imperative jg. Prohibitions, jg, CHAPTER LI. The Infinitive jg,. Infinitive with Subject Accusative — Indirect Discourse', i6< Tenses of the Infinitive, jg- x gg Suggestive Derivations, x g 7 CHAPTER LII. Participles. Uses of Participles jga g Ablative Absolute, ' g^ Suggestive Derivations, Ji CHAPTER LIII. Impersonal Verbs, Construction with Miseret, etc.,. . . ' 172 Digitized by Microsoft® CONTENTS. XV CHAPTER LIV. PACE Periphrastic Conjugations, 174 Dative with Gerundive, 175 Suggestive Derivations 176 CHAPTER LV. Gerund, Gerundive, Supine 176, 177 Use of the Supine to Express Purpose 177 Suggestive Derivations, 179 Prescription Writing 180-182 Pr^escripta, 182-184 Reading Lessons and Suggestive Derivations, 184-195 Selections from Celsus 184, 185, 190, 191, 193, 194 Selections from Cato 192 Pharmaceutical and Medical Terms 196-199 Chemical Nomenclature 200, 201 Latin-English Vocabulary 202-253 English-Latin Vocabulary 254-268 General Index, 269-273 Index to Pharmaceutical and Medical Terms and Sugges- tive Derivations, 275-277 Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® INTRODUCTION. In introducing the first edition of Robinson's Latin Grammar I referred to the fact that instructors in pharmacy and medicine realize the necessity of a thorough comprehension of the prin- ciples of Latin. I also alluded to the advantage of the use of a book especially prepared for students of this class. The use of the work, of which this is the fourth edition, has confirmed me in the opinion then expressed. After an experience of twelve years I feel prepared to emphasize the advantage of the use of this book by the student of pharmacy and medicine. One of the attractive features of the work, to those for whom it is designed, is that the language of the prescription and the terminology of medical science is incorporated in the text throughout. This manner of presentation makes the study less laborious. Our experience has been that students in pharmacy and medicine who lack a knowledge of Latin can grasp its prin- ciples much more readily by this method and their interest is more easily secured from the beginning. L. E. Sayre. Digitized bylQicrosoft® Digitized by Microsoft® THE LATIN GRAMMAR OF Pharmacy and Medicine. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY. ALPHABET, i. The Latin alphabet is the same as the English, with the omission of w. Letters are divided into two classes: Vowels u, e, Consonants — i. Liquids I, m, n, r. 2. Mutes — (a) P-mutes p, b, ph. (b) T-mutes t, d, th. (c) K-mutes k, c, g, q(u), ch. 2. I. TI. t, o, u, y. 4. Double consonants . x, z. 3. ROMAN METHOD OF PRONUNCIATION. I. Vowels. a. like a in jather. 6 like in bone. a. " first a in aha. 5 " in obey. e " ey in they. u " 00 in 6do/. e " e in them. u " 00 in /oot 1 " i in pique. y between u and i, German u. 1 ' i in pin. II Diphthongs . ae like at in aisle. eu like e/i' 00 (with the two sylla au " ou in our. bles run together). ei ' ei in veil. ui ' ' we. oe " oi in toil. III. Consonants. Most of the consonants have the same sounds as in English; but notice the following: c like c in cave. g " g in give. j " y in yes. t " t in time. ch, th, ph, are sounded like k, t, p. bs and bt like ps and pt. qu " qu in gM«i. su is sometimes sounded like sw in s " 5 in sm. v " w in wm». x " fc. swan. gu is sometimes sounded like gw, as in lingua (lingwa). Digitized by Microsoft® 8 INTRODUCTORY. When a consonant is doubled, both letters are sounded: il-le. 4 . SYLLABLES. 1. In dividing a word into syllables, make as many syl- lables as there are vowels and diphthongs: gen-ti-a'-na, bry-o'- ni-a. 2. A single consonant is joined with the vowel following: hu' -me-rus , di'-gi-tus. 3. If there are two or more consonants between two vowels, as many are joined to the following vowel as can be pronounced at the beginning of a word or syllable: sac'-cha-rum, del-phi' - ni-um. 4. In compound words the division must show the com- ponent parts: ab'-est (ab, away; est, he is). 5. The last syllable of a word is called the ultima; the one next to the last, the penult; the one before the penult, the antepenult. 5. QUANTITY. I. Vowels are long or short. 1. Vowels are long — (a) Before nf, ns, often before gn, and sometimes before gm; they are generally long before /. (b) A vowel formed by contraction is long: ni-hil, nil. 2. A vowel is short before another vowel, a diphthong, or h, which is a mere breathing, not a consonant, and regularly before nt and nd. II. Syllables are in quantity either long, short, or common. 1. A syllable is long in quantity, — (a) If it contains a diphthong or a long vowel: ce-ru'-go. (b) If its vowel is followed by x, z, or any two consonants (h is a mere breathing, not a consonant), except a mute with I or r: nux, plum'-bum, quas'-si-a. 2. A syllable is short if it contains a short vowel which is followed by another vowel or a single consonant: di-es, ni-hil, ct-bus. 3. A syllable is common if its vowel, naturally short, is followed by a mute with I or r: pl-gri, a'-gri; that is, it is short in prose but may be long in poetry. Digitized by Microsoft® INTRODUCTORY. 9 The signs ", u , -, are used to mark quantity, the first indicating that the syllable over which it is placed is long; the second, that it is short; and the third, that it is common. All vowels not long are treated as short. In this book long vowels only are marked, except for special purposes. 6. ACCENT. 1. Words of two syllables are always accented on the first: cro'-cus, cre'-ta. 2. Words of more than two syllables are accented on the Penult if that is long in quantity; otherwise, on the Antepenult: cin-na-mo'-mum, eu-phor'-bi-a. 3. (Important if the English pronunciation is followed.) In long words there is a weaker secondary accent. It falls on the second syllable before the principal accent if that is long or is the first syllable in the word ; otherwise on the third syllable before the principal accent : cer" -e-bra' -lis , cat" -a-plas-mat' -i-bus . In still longer words there may be a third accent : des'" -til-la" -ti-o'-ne. 7. ENGLISH METHOD OF PRONUNCIATION. In the English method the letters have in general the same sounds as in English. I. Note the following points : 1. In applying the rules that follow h is not to be considered as a consonant either when it stands between two vowels or in combination with any consonant. 2. When I or r follows a mute (see 2, II, 2) the two run to- gether in pronunciation so easily that they give the effect of a single consonant. Therefore their effect on the sound of a vowel which precedes them is the same as that of a single con- sonant. This must be borne in mind in applying the following rules. II. Syllables. 1. In the English pronunciation, as in the Roman, there are as many syllables as there are vowels and diphthongs. 2. A doubled consonant is sounded but once, as in English (compare penny and any). 3. When two consonants stand together within a word, the first is sounded with the preceding vowel, the second with the Digitized by Microsoft® 10 INTRODUCTORY. following, por'-tus; but the combination of a mute followed by I or r is sounded with the following vowel, pa'-tris. Exception : When a mute followed by I or r follows an accented short vowel sound, the mute is sounded with the preceding vowel and the I or r with the second vowel, rep'-le-o. 4. More than two consonants standing together within a word are divided according to ease of pronunciation. 5. A single consonant between two vowels goes with the second, unless the first is accented and has its short sound. Then it goes with the first, ho-no'-ris, cSr'-a-sus. III. Vowel sounds. 1. The true quantity of vowels, as marked elsewhere in this book, determines the accent of words (see 6), but it has nothing to do with the English pronunciation of the vowels. In the following table and in the remainder of this section the marking of the vowels indicates the English pronunciation, not the true quantity. a like a in mate e " e " me I " i " ice o " " note u " u " dupe y " y " my a like a in mat e " e " met 1 " * " pin 6 " o " not u " «" hut y " y " myth. (a) In Latin, as in English, the sounds of the vowels are some- times modified by the consonants which accompany them. Thus a before r followed by another consonant has the sound of a in far (a), par'-tis; in the same situation has the sound of in for (6), for-tu'-na. (See also 7, III, 3, b, exc. 2.) (b) A preceded by qu and followed by dr is pronounced as in the English word quadrant; preceded by qu and followed by rt, it is pronounced as in quart. 2. Diphthongs. — Ae and oe are pronounced as e would be in the same situation: Cae'-sar, Daed'-a-lus (DSd'-a-lus); au is pronounced as in aught, en as in neuter, ei and ui as i in kite, oi as in coin. Ei and oi are seldom used as diphthongs. 3. Vowel sounds in final syllables. (a) A vowel has its long sound when it is the final letter, ser-vi. Exceptions : (1) Final a has the sound of a in Cuba (a) pil'-u-la Digitized by Microsoft® INTRODUCTORY. II (2) Final i in mihi, tibi, sibi, is short in sound. (Some give the short sound to both vowels in these words.) (6) A vowel has its short sound when the syllable ends in a consonant, ro'-s&s, pu'-er-ls, com'-pbs, ser'-vus. Exceptions: (1) Final es is pronounced like the English word ease, final os in the accusative plural as ose in dose; in post has its long sound. (2) Final er, ir, and ur are undistinguishable as in English; final ar and or have the sounds of final ar and or in English words. (3) When the first part of a compound is entire and ends in a consonant, a vowel before this con- sonant is pronounced as in the simple word: tib-est, prod' -est, slc-ut. 4. Vowel sounds in any syllable but the final, — without regard to accent. (a) A vowel has its long sound when followed by another vowel or a diphthong (see 7, I, 1), o'-le-um, ni'-hll, vi-ae. Exceptions: (1) When i follows an accented a, e, 0, or y and is followed by another vowel, it is a consonant and is equivalent to y in yes, Tro'-ia (-ya). (2) U followed by a vowel has the sound of w, after q, and often after g and s: qui, lin'-gua, sua'-vis. It then becomes a consonant. (3) / has the short sound if unaccented, a"-di-dn'-tHm. (b) A vowel has its short sound before x or any two consonants except a mute followed by I or r (see 7, I, 1 and 2). 5. Vowel sounds in any syllable but the final, when the vowel is followed by a single consonant (except x) or by a nittte followed by I or r (see 7,1, 2), — depending on accent. (a) In an accented penult a vowel has its long sound, Ca'-to. Exception: U followed by bl, and a, e, i, or o, followed by gl or tl, are short in sound: Pub'-li, slg'-la, At' -las. (6) In any accented syllable except the penult, whether the accent is principal or secondary (see 6, 3), a vowel has its short sound: cer'-a-sus, cer" -e-bra' -lis . Exceptions : ( 1 ) A, e, and o are long in sound if the single consonant (or mute followed by I or r) is followed by e, i, or y, and that by another vowel: la'-ni-us, e'-bri-us, o'-di-um. (2) U has its long sound except before bl, hu'-me-ms. (c) In an unaccented syllable (i. e., one having neither prin- cipal nor secondary accent) the vowel has its long sound. Digitized by Microsoft® 12 INTRODUCTORY. Exceptions: (i) A has the sound of a in Cuba (a), Ca-mU'-lUs. (2) I and y are short, though in the first syllable i is sometimes long: mis'-y-bs, la'-ni-us, I-be'-rtis. (3) U followed by bl, and a, e, i, or 0, followed by gl or tl are short: PUb-llc'-i-Hs, At-l&n'- tis, Ag-ld'-ia (-ya). IV. Consonants. 1. C and g before e, i, y, ae, and oe, are soft (like 5 in sit and g in gem). Elsewhere they are hard (like c in can and g in gei). Exceptions: (1) G is soft before a soft g, ag-ger (aj'-er). (2) C has the sound of sh before eu or yo preceded by an accented syllable: ca-div '-ce-us (ca-du'-she-us), Sic'-y-on (Sish'-y-5n). (3) See also the next paragraph. 2. When an unaccented ci, si, ti, or xi, is followed by a vowel, c and t have the sound of sh, s has sometimes that of sh, some- times that of zh, xi has the sound of ksh: so'-ci-us (so'-shl-us), ig-na'-ti-a (lg-na'-shi-a), m&g-ne'-si-a (mag-ne'-zhi-a), anx'-i-Hs (ank'-shi-us) . But t does not have the sound of sh after 5, t, or x: S&l-lus'-ti-us, At'-fi-Hs, mix'-ti-d. 3. 5 has the sound — ■ (a) Between two vowels in some words that have that sound in their English form : Cae-sar (Ce'-zar), mi-ser (mi'-zer), ro'-sa (r5'-za). (b) At the end of a word after e, ae, an, b, m, 11, r: res, aes, laus, urbs, Merits, amans, pars. 4. X has the sound — • (1) Of z at the beginning of a word, xan-thox' '-y-lum. (2) Of gz between e or u and an accented vowel, ex-em' -plum (ggz-em'-plum). 5. Elsewhere, s, t, and x are sounded as in the English words sit, tell, export: sa'-tis, tem'-pus, rex'-l (r£k'-s!). 8. CASES. 1. In Latin there are six cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative , vocative, and ablative. 2. These cases correspond to the following English equiva- lents : The nominative, to the nominative. The genitive, to the possessive, or objective with of. Digitized by Microsoft® DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 13 The dative, to the objective with to or for. The accusative, to the objective. The vocative, to the nominative independent. The ablative, to the objective with jrom, by, in, with. The locative, a case denoting the place where, is used in some names of towns, and a few other words. 9. GENDER. The gender, in some nouns, is determined by the meaning; in others, by endings. 1. Names of males are masculine: ^Esculapius (a proper noun); medicus, a physician. 2. Names of rivers, winds, months, and mountains are mas- culine: Danubius, Danube; Notus, south-wind; December, December; Appenninus, Apennines. 3. Names of females are feminine: Cornelia (a proper noun); filia, daughter. 4. Names of countries, towns, islands, and trees are feminine: America; R5ma, Rome; Sicilia, Sicily; pinus, pine-tree. 5. Indeclinable nouns are neuter: kino. The learner is supposed to be familiar with the ordinary grammatical terms, such as subject, object, predicate, case, mood, tense, voice, declension, conjugation, etc. No explanation of these terms will, therefore, be given. CHAPTER II. 10. DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 1. There are five declensions. 2. In declension each case is formed by combining two parts — stem and termination. 3. The stem is the unchanged base to which the terminations are added.* 4. The termination is the case-ending that is added to the stem. In vowel stems the vowel of the termination combines with the final vowel of the stem. * The stem of a noun may be found, if a consonant-stem, by drop- ping the case-ending; if a vowel-stem, by substituting for the case- ending the characteristic vowel. Digitized by Microsoft® 14 DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 5. The declensions are distinguished from each other by the final letter of the stem and by the case-ending of the genitive sing. Dec. I, final letter of stem a, gen. sing., ae. ■< n, " '• t. „ ,, /consonant II, IV, V, or 1 u IS. us. FIRST DECLENSION. 11. Nouns of this declension are of the feminine gender; but see general rules (9). The nominative singular ends in a and e. 12. They are declined as follows: SINGULAR. PLURAL. N. pilula, a pill* N. pilule, pills. G. pilule, of a pill. G. piluldrwm, of pills. D. pilule, to or for a pill. D. pilulis, to or for pills. Ac. pilulaw, a pill. Ac. pilulds, pills. V. pilula, O pill. V. pilule, O pills. Ab. pilula, from, with, or by a pill. Ab. pilule, from, with, or by pills. SINGULAR. N. alo£ the aloe. G. e&oes of the aloe. D. aloe to or for the aloe. Ac. aloera the aloe. V. aloe O aloe. Ab. aloe from, with or by the aloe. The plural has the same terminations as nouns in a. 13. Table of Terminations. NOUNS IN A. NOUNS IN B. Singular. Singular. Plural. N. a N. e N. ae G. ae G. es G. drum. D. ae D. e D. is Ac. am Ac. en Ac. ds V. a V. £ V. ae Ab. a Ab. e Ab. is * The student must be very careful to decline words with the proper accent; thus pi'-lu-la, pi'-lu-lee, etc. (Eng. pron., pil'-u-la, etc.) See 7. Remember that all unmarked vowels are short. Digitized by Microsoft® DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 1 5 The pupil should commit to memory this table of termina- tions. 14. In Latin there is no article; pilula may mean either the pill, or a pill, according to circumstances ; but when it is desired, in Latin, to express definiteness or indefiniteness, there are various ways of doing so, which will be understood later. In translating into English the exercises which follow, the pupil will use the definite or indefinite article, according as common sense shall dictate. 15. Rules of Syntax: The subject of a finite verb is in the nominative case: Pilula est parva, the pill is small. 16. The direct object of a transitive verb is in the accusative case : Puella habet cretam, the girl has chalk. 17. A noun in the predicate, referring to the same person or thing as the subject, is put in the same case: Quinlna est bona mediclna, quinine is good medicine. 18. The indirect object is put in the dative case: Nautae pilulam dat, he gives a (or the) pill to the (or a) sailor. 19. Vocabulary, i. Nouns. Adjectives. Verbs. Aloe, -es, F., aloe. Alba, white. Est, (he, she, it) is. Amygdala, -ae, F., almond. Amara, bitter. Sunt, (they) are. Aqua, -ae, F., water. Bona, good. Creta, -ae, F., chalk. Fluida, fluid. Habet, (he, she, it) has. Massa, -ae, F., mass. Lenta, tough, sticky. Mlstura, -ae, F., mixture. Parva, small. Habent, (they) have. Puella, -ae, F., girl. Pura, pure. Exercise, i. 1. Pilula parva. 2. Pilulae parvae. 3. Pilulas parvas. 4. Aloe amara. 5. Aloen amaram. 6. Aquae purae. 7. Aquas puras. 8. Aquam puram. 9. Massae lentae. 10. Massam len- tam. 11. Massa lenta. 12. Creta alba. 13. Cretam albam. 14. Misturae fluidae. 15. Amygdalae parvae. 16. Puella bona. 17. Puellas bonas. 1. Pilula est parva. 2. Amara est pilula. 3. Pilulae sunt parvae. 4. Puella aloen habet. 5. Puellae amygdalas habent. 6. Mlstura est lenta. 7. Massae sunt lentae. 8. Misturae sunt fluidae. 9. Creta est alba. 10. Pilula parva est amara. n. Digitized by Microsoft® 16 DECLENSION OF NOUNS. Puella pilulam amaram habet. 12. Puellae misturas fluidas habent. 13. Creta alba est pura. 14. Aloe pura est amara. 15. Puella bona pilulas amaras habet. 16. Mistura fluida est pura. 17. Massa lenta est alba. 18. Puellae bonae amygdalas parvas habent. Decline together creta pura, bona puella and massa lenta. Exercise. 2. 1. The pills are small. 2. The aloe is bitter. 3. The water is pure. 4. The girl has an almond. 5. The mixtures are sticky. 6. The masses are tough. 7. The almonds are good. 8. The girls are small. 9. The bitter mixture is white. 10. The good girls have the chalk. 1 1 . The little girl has the white pills. 12. The fluid mixture is bitter. Vocabulary. 2. Nouns. Adjectives. Belladonna, -ae, belladonna. ^grota, sick. Charta, -ae, paper. Cerata, waxed. Cornelia, -ae, Cornelia. Flava, yellow. Filia,* -ae, u daughter. Fusca, brown, dusk, blackish. Medicma, -ae, medicine. Medicata, medicated. Nauta, -ae, M., a sailor. Multa, much, (pi.) many. Quinlna, -se, quinine. Rubra, red. Tlnctura, -ae, a tincture. Et, and. Dat, (he, she, it) gives, is giving, does give. Non, not. Dant, (they) give, are giving, do give. 20. Observe that these adjectives are in the feminine gender to agree with the nouns. Nauta is the only masculine noun given. 21. The particle -ne is appended to the first word in a sentence as a sign of a question, and is not to be translated by any separate word: Est-ne aqua pura? Is the water pure? As a rule, that word of a sentence upon which the stress is to be laid, is placed at the beginning; frequently this is the verb. Syllables thus appended are called enclitics ; the accent falls on the syllable before the enclitic; as filia'-ne. The principal enclitics besides -ne, are -que, " and," and -ve, " or." 22. The dative is often used with est or sunt to indicate posses- sion, and, when thus used, is called the Possessive Dative. * Filia has -dbus in the dative and ablative plural. Digitized by Microsoft® declension of nouns. i 7 Exercise. 3.* 1. Chartae medicatae. 2. Chartis medicatis. 3. Aquarum medicatarum. 4. Fllia nautae. 5. Filiabus Corneliae. 6. Charts cerata. 7. Chartis ceratis. 8. Puella mediclnam ha- bet. 9. Puellae (dative) est mediclna. 10. Puellae habent tincturas. n. Puellis sunt tincturae. 12. Cornelia filiae tinc- turam dat. 13. Fllia nautae tincturam belladonnae habet. 14. Cornelia quimnam amaram filiae aegrotae dat. 15. Pilulae quimnae sunt parvae et amarae. 16. Mlstura multarum medi- cinarum n5n bona est. 17. Cornelia filiae pilulas flavas dat. 18. Corneliae amaras pilulas dant. Answer the following questions in Latin. Every answer should form a complete sentence, like this: Estne pilida parva? Pilula est parva: (Yes) — 1. Estne quinina amara? 2. Estne tinctura fusca? 3. Habetne puella tincturam belladonnae? 4. Filiaene Cornelia pilulas quinina? dat? 5. Habentne multam medicinam? 6. Estne massa lenta? Exercise. 4. 1. The medicated paper is red. 2. The tincture of belladonna is good medicine. 3. The girl has waxed paper. 4. They give pure water. 5. The girl gives bitter pills to the sailor. 6. Cor- nelia gives quinine pills (pills of quinine) to (her) sick daughter. 7. Are the red pills bitter? 8. The little girls have the brown tinctures. 9. The mass is sticky and bitter. 10. The good little (good and little) girls have the white pills and the red chalk, n. They give bitter medicine to many little girls. 12. The fluid mixture is not pure. * Be very careful to pronounce and accent the exercises correctly. See 7. Digitized by Microsoft® 18 SECOND DECLENSION. CHAPTER III. SECOND DECLENSION. 23. Nouns of the second declension end in er, ir, us, os, mascu- line; urn and on, neuter; but see general rules for gender, 9. 24. Syrupus, syrup. Puer, boy. Extractum, extract. Masculine. N. syrapMS. G. syrupi. D. syrupo. Ac. syrup um. V. syrupe. Ab. syrupo. N. syrupi. G. syruporum. D. syrupzs. Ac. syrupcs. V. syrupi. Ab. syrup is. Singular. Masculine. N. puer. G. pueri. D. puero. Ac. puerum. V. puer. Ab. puero. Plural. N. pueri. G. pueroroiw. D. pueris. Ac. pueroj. V. pueri. Ab. pueris. Neuter. N. extractww. G. extract?. D. extracto. Ac. extractwm. V. extract«w. Ab. extracto. N. extracta. G. extractorwm. D. extractis. Ac. extracta. V. extracta. Ab. extractis. 25. Some nouns (and adjectives) ending in -er drop the e in all cases but the nominative and vocative of the singular; others retain it: ager, gen. agrl, the field; puer, gen. pueri, the boy. 26. The vocative singular of nouns in us of this declension ends in e; all other nouns of this declension have the vocative the same as the nominative. 27. Terminations. Singular. Plural. Masc. Neut. Masc Neut. N. us N. um N. i N. a G. * G. i G. drum G. drum D. D. D. is D. is Ac. um Ac. um Ac. os Ac. a V. e V. um V. * V. a Ab. Ab. Ab. is Ab. is 28. The Latin has no words meaning simply yes and no. In answering a question the verb or some other emphatic word Digitized by Microsoft® SECOND DECLENSION. 19 is repeated with or without non or some other negative: Habetnc puer mediclnam? has the boy medicine? habet, yes; non habet, no. Or the affirmative answer may be expressed by ita (just so), sane (surely), certe (certainly), etc.; and the negative by non (not), minime (not at all), etc. Vocabulary. 3. Feminine. Rosa, -ae, rose. NOUNS. Masculine. Medicus, -I, doctor, physician. Scilla, -ae, squill. Puer, pueri, boy. Rubus, -1, blackberry bush. Syrupus, -I, syrup. Neuter. Abstractum, -1, abstract, dried extract. Acetum, -I, vinegar. Aconitum, -I, aconite. Rheum, -I, rhubarb. Venerium, -1, poison. Vinum, -1, wine. Adjectives. ArSmaticus, -a, -um, aromatic. Bonus, -a, -um, good. Compositus, -a, -um, compound. Doctus. -a, -um, learned. Exsiccatus, -a, -um, dried out. Fuscus, -a, -um, brown. Verbs. Gratus, -a, -um, pleasing, acceptable. Parvus, -a, -um, small, Utile. Siccus, -a, -um, dry. Spissus, -a, -um, thick, viscid. Miscet, {he, she, it) mixes, is mixing. Miscent, (they) mix, mingle, are mixing. 29. It will be observed that adjectives of the first and second declensions have three endings to mark the different genders; that the feminine is declined like a noun of the first declension, the masculine like a masculine noun of the second, and the neuter like a neuter noun of the second declension. 30. Rule of Syntax: Adjectives agree with their nouns in gender, number, and case: nauta clams, famous sailor; nautdrum cla- rorum, of famous sailors. Exercise. 5. 1. Rhei aromatic!. 2. Rheum aromaticum. 3. Extractum compositum. 4. Extracts composito. 5. Extractorum com- positorum. 6. Extracta composita. 7. Medici docti. 8. Medicorum doctorum. 9. Abstractum exsiccatum. 10. Syrupus fuscus. 11. Syrupi spissi. 12. Syrupis spissis. 13. Medicus est doctus. 14. Medicus doctus mediclnam miscet. 15. Puer Digitized by Microsoft® 20 SECOND DECLENSION. abstractum aconiti habet. 16. Habetne puer venenum ? 17. Scillae syrupus puero non est gratus. 18. Medicus puerS rhei syrupum aromaticum dat. 19. Acetum et vinum medico dant. 20. Puella rosae extractum habet. 21. Medici docti venena multa miscent. 22. Puer5 parvo rubi extractum fluidum dat. Exercise. 6. 1. The boy has the medicine. 2. The abstracts are dry medi- cines. 3. The extracts are fluid. 4. The syrup of squills is a good medicine, but (sed) not pleasing to a boy. 5. The doctor is mixing medicine. 6. He is mixing * the extracts of black- berry and rhubarb. 7. Is he giving the boy poison ? 8. He is.f 9. Is the extract of rose a poison? 10. No. 11. The roses are pleasing to the girls. 12. The girls give the good doctor roses, but the boys give him syrup of squills. Questions to be answered in Latin: 1. Estne extractum gratum? 2. Estne quinina mediclna bona? 3. Datne medicus puer5 venenum? 4. Estne medicus doctus? 5. Doctus est. 6. Datne medicus puellis syrupum scillae? 7. Habetne puer aconiti abstractum? 8. Estne rubi extractum puero gratum? 9. Miscetne doctus medicus medicmas? Second Declension. — (Continued.) 31. Rule of Syntax: An appositive agrees with its subject in case: Anna, filia medici, Anna, the daughter of the physician. Vocabulary. 4. Acidum, -I, N an acid. Antidotum, -I, N antidote. Aurantium, -i, N orange-peel. Conium, -i, N poison hemlock. Filius, -I, M son. Maltum, -i, N malt. Morus, -I, F mulberry-tree. Poculum, -I, N cup. Podophyllum, -I, N mandrake, may-apple. JS,ger, aegra, ffigrum, adj sick. Claudus, -a, -um, adj lame. * The Latin has but one form to express he mixes, is mixing and does mix, miscet. fSee 28. Digitized by Microsoft® first and second declensions. 21 Exercise. 7. 1. Veneni antidotum. 2. Puer poculum acidi habet. 3. Conn abstractum exsiccatum est venerium. 4. Pueri medico docto multa abstracta et extracta dant. 5. Anna, filia medicl, podophylli abstractum et aurantii syrupum habet. 6. M5ri syrupum puer5 aegro dat. 7. Estne m5ri syrupus puer5 gratus? 8. Puer claudus extractum malt! habet. 9. Puer aeger, medic! boni filius, est claudus. 10. Datne medicus doctus Alio segrS malti extractum? 11. M5ri syrupum et aurantii filio dat. Exercise. 8. 1. Anna, the daughter of the physician, is lame. 2. He is mixing * the extracts. 3. The sailor is mixing the medicine for (his) sick son. 4. The doctor gives the sick boy abstract of mandrake and mulberry syrup. 5. The extract of malt is acceptable to the good doctor. 6. The abstract of hemlock is a dry poison. 7. The syrup of mulberry is a good medicine. 8. The physician has an antidote for poison. 9. The little boy gives the lame girl a cup of vinegar. 10. The learned doctor gives the sick boy a small cup of orange syrup, n. Mulberry syrup is not pleasing to the sick boy. 12. The little boy is mixing the extract of malt and vinegar in the cup.\ CHAPTER IV. 32. FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. Vocabulary. 5. Acacia, -as, F acacia. ^Egrotus, -a, -urn, adj sick. j^Esculapius, -I, M {the god of the healing art). Amat (he, she, it) loves. * See foot-note on page 20. t English in, with verbs expressing motion, in the sense of into, is, in Latin, in with the accusative. English in, with verbs expressing rest, is, in Latin, in with the ablative. Digitized by Microsoft® 22 FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. Amant (they) love. Asafoetida, -ae, F asafwtida. Capit (he, she, it) takes. Capiunt (they) take. Cinchona, -as, F cinchona. Cinnamomum, -I, N cinnamon. Clarus, -a, -urn clear, bright; famous. Erat (he, she, it) was. Erant (they) were. Limpidus, -a, -um, adj limpid, clear, transparent. Malus, -a, -ran, adj bad, evil, wicked. Magnus, -a, -um, adj large, great. Piger, pigra, pigrum, adj lazy. Quid (neut.) , subst whatf Quis (masc.) who? Quod (neut.), adj what? which? Saccharum, -I, N sugar. Tolu, indecl Tolu. Tolutanus, -a, -um, adj made of Tolu, pertaining to Tolu. Vir, -I, M man. Exercise. 9. 1. ^Esculapius, medicus clarus. 2. Nauta aeger. 3. Nautae aegroto. 4. Cum (with) nauta aegro. 5. Nautarum aegrorum. 6. Medicus clarus nautae aggro t5lu.ta.num syrupum dat. 7. Quis cinchonas tlncturam puellae bonas dat? 8. Bonus medicus dat tlncturam puellae. 9. Quis cinnamSmi tlncturam habet? 10. Puer malus habet, sed (but) bono viro dat. n. Quis erat jEsculapius? 12. iEsculapius erat clarus medicus. 13. Vir aegrotus asafoetidas tlncturam capit. 14. Quis acacias syrupum capit? 15. Malus vir capit. 16. Estne aegrotus? 17. Aqua limpida est in pOculo. 18. Quis t5lu in poculS habet? 19. Medicus clarus puero aegro saccharum dat. 20. medice, venenum est in aqua. 21. Medice bone, scillae syrupus est in poculS. Exercise. 10. 1. yEsculapius, the physician, was famous. 2. The sick man likes (amat) the doctor's wine. 3. He does not like syrup of squills. 4. The syrup of tolu is a good medicine. 5. The tincture of cinnamon is pleasing to the good little girl. 6. The girl gives a cup of pure water to the sick boy. 7. What is the doctor giving the sick man? 8. He is giving the extract Digitized by Microsoft® FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 23 of malt. 9. Is the extract of malt, beer (cerevisia) ? 10. What does he give the sailor? n. He has a cup of the tincture of cinchona for the sick sailor. 12. The sailor likes quinine and cinchona. 13. O doctor, the little girl has a cup of water for the sick man. 14. He likes water in the tincture. 15. In the cup is good medicine for the sick man. To be Answered in Latin. 1. Quis extractum malt! amat ? 2. Quis asafoetidae tincturam amat? 3. Capitne malus puer acacia? syrupum? 4. Amantne pueri parvi scillse syrupum? 5. Quis pilulas parvas aconiti capit? 6. Habetne medicus podophylll pilulas viro aggroto? 7. Quod extractum habet medicus? First and Second Declensions. — {Continued.) 33. Rule of Syntax: The agent after a passive verb is expressed by the ablative with a or ab: Medicus a. puella laudatur, the physician is praised by the girl. Vocabulary. 6. Amatur, (he, she, it) is loved. In, prep., with the abl. in, on; with Amantur, (they) are loved. the ace. into, to* Amarus, -a. -um, adj., bitter. Ipecacuanha, -as, F., ipecac. Allium, -1, N., garlic. Nasus, 1, M., nose. Americanus, -a, -um, sA]., American. Officina, -as, F., office, shop. Amicus, -1, M., jriend. Peritus, -a, -um, adj., skilled, experi- Arnica, -a?, F., arnica. Remedium, -I, N., remedy. [enced. Capsicum, -I, N., Cayenne pepper. Sarsaparilla, -as, F., sarsaparilla. Cerevisia, -as, F., beer. Satis, adv. and adj. indecl., enough. Collum, -1, N., neck. Ubi, adv., where, when. Emplastrum, -I, N., plaster. Vocat, (he, she, it) calls. Germanus, -a, -um, adj., German. Vocatur, (he, she, it) is called. Exercise. 11. 1. Ubi est medicus? 2. In officina est. 3. Quis medicum vocat? 4. A filia nautas vocatur. 5. Medicinam in officina miscet viro aegr5t5. 6. Habetne in officina, remedia multa? 7. Habetne syrupum? 8. Multos syrupos habet: syrup5s rosas * See foot-note, p. 21. Digitized by Microsoft® 24 FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. et rhei et rubi et sarsaparillae et scilk-e et ipecacuanhas et allii et acacias et amygdalae et aurantii et — "satis, satis, amice bone, syrupds habet." 9. Peritusne est medicus? 10. Peritus et bonus est, et ab amicis amatur et laudatur. 11. Habetne arnicas emplastrum in officina? 12. Habet. 13. Nautas puer malus capsicT emplastrum in collo habet. 14. Medicus Ger- manus habet fllium malum et pigrum. 15. Cerevisiam amat. 16. Quid Americanus medicus amat? 17. Vinum ab * Americans amatur. 18. Quid est in nas5 puellas? 19. Medici puella arnicas emplastrum in nas5 habet. Exercise. 12. 1. The skilful doctor is loved and praised by his friends. 2. He is called by the son of the sick man. 3. Who is sick? 4. The son of the lame sailor is sick. 5. Where is the doctor? 6. He is in his office. 7. Has he many remedies in his office? 8. He has abstracts of aconite, hemlock, belladonna, and ex- tracts of arnica, bitter orange, capsicum, cinchona, podophyllum, and syrups of acacia, rhubarb, almonds, garlic, and — "enough, good friend." 9. Has he an arnica plaster for the lame neck of (my) friend? 10. The good man has many plasters. 11. Is the syrup of ipecac a good remedy for a bad boy? 12. It is a good, but not a pleasing remedy. 13. What is on (our) friend's nose? 14. A capsicum plaster! 15. Is it pleasant? Questions to be Answered in Latin. 1. Ubi est medicus? 2. Ubi est puer medici? 3. Estne amici puella in officina? Quis aeger est? 4. Suntne medici filiae asgrotas? 5. Datne films medici quininae pilulas nautae aegroto? 6. Habetne medicus aloes exsiccatum extractum? 7. Datne puero aegroto scillae syrupum? 8. Estne sennae extractum puero gratum? 9. Quis allii syrupum puero mal5 dat? *Ab, by. Digitized by Microsoft® ADJECTIVES OP THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 25 CHAPTER V. 34. ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. Fluidus, fluid. Singular. Masculine. Feminine. Neuter. N. Huidus. fluida. fluidwm. G. fluid*. fluid®. fluid*. D. fluido. fluid®. fluido. Ac. fluidwOT. fluidam. ftaidum. V. fluid*. fluida. fluidwrn. Ab. flnido. fluida. Plural. fluido. N. fluid*. fluid®. fluida. G. Huidorum. fluidarwm. fluidor»m. D. fluid!?. fluids. fluids. Ac. fluidos. fluida^. fluida. V. fluid*. fluid®. fluida. Ab. fluids. fluidis. Tener, tender. Singular. fluid*s. Masculine. Feminine. Neuter. N. tener. tenera. tenerzrm. G. tener*. tener®. tener*. D. tenero. tener®. tenero. Ac. tenerwra. tenero. iw. tenerjim. V. tener. tenera. tenentra. Ab. tenero. tenera. Plural. tenero. N. tener*. tener®. tenera. G. tenerorwm. tenerdrwm. teneroYwjw. D. tenerzs. tener*s. tenerls. Ac. teneros. tenerds. tenera. V. tener*. tener®. tenera. Ab. tener*s. tener*s. Digitized by Microsoft® tenerw. 26 ADJECTIVES OP THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. JEger, sick. Singular. Masculine. Feminine. Neuter. N. aeger. segra. ssgrum. G. aegrz. segrce. aegrz". D. aegro. segrtF. aegro. Ac. eegrum. szgram. eegrum. V. aeger. aegra. aegrwm. Ab. aegro. aegro. aegro. Plural. N. aegrz. ■ aegrffi. aegra. G. eegrorum. segrdrum. aegrcrwm. D. aegrw. aegrz\s. aegrw. Ac. aegros. aegras.. aegra. V. aegrz. aegr<2. aegra. Ab. aegrzs. aegrzs. aegrw. 35. The following adjectives have the genitive singular in lus, and the dative in I, in all genders, but in other respects are regular: alius (N. aliud), other; t5tus, whole; alter, other (of two) ; nullus, none; ullus, any; neuter, gen. neutrius, neither; sSlus, alone; unus, one; uter, gen. utrius, which (of two). Alterius, the genitive of alter, is usually accented on the antepenult. 36. Duo, two, is declined as follows: Masculine. Feminine. Neuter. N. duo. duffi. duo. G. duorora. dudrum. duorum. D. dudbus. dudbus. dudbus. Ac. duos. duds. duo. V. duo. du Is it good or bad? Bonum est an malum? ) If the second part is negative, annon is used: Estne medicus doctus annon? Is the physician learned or not? Vocabulary. 14. Aqua fortis, aquaa fortis, F nitric acid. Bismuthum, -5, N bismuth. Debeo, *, -ul, -itum, tr owe, ought. Etiam, conj. and adv also, even. Expressus, -a, -um, part, adj expressed. Febrifuga, -as, F febrifuge. Hydrargyrum, -i, N mercury. Macis, -idis, F mace. Maneo, 2, mansi, mansum, intr remain, stay. Memoria, -as, F memory. Memoria tenere remember. Misceo, 2, -ul, mistum, mlxtum, tr. , mix, mingle. Mulceo, 2, mulsi, mulsum, tr soothe, allay. Multus, -a, -um, adj much, plu. many. Myristica, -as, F nutmeg. Digitized by Microsoft® tj 2 SECOND CONJUGATION. Nitras, -atis, M nitrate. Nitricus, -a, -um, adj nitric. Nitrum, -J, N nitre. Nomen, -inis, N name. Numero, i, -avl, -atum, tr number. PaucI, -as, -a, adj few. Rogo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr ask, ask for, question. Salicinum, I, N salicin. Salix, -icis, F willow. Si, conj if. Signo, i, -avl, -atum, tr mark, stamp, seal. Studium, -I, N study. Tot, num. adj., indecl., so many. Videtur {he, she, it) seems. Exercise. 28. 1. Utrum in medicamentarii officina eras herf an domi manebas? 2. In officina medicamentarii eram et multa vide- bam. 3. Habebatne nitrum et nitrates multos? 4. Numerum nitratum non memoria teneo, quia n5n numerabam. 5. Vide- basne nitratem potassii, et plumbi nitratem, et hydrargyri nitratem, et bismuthi nitratem, et ? 6. Satis, satis; tot nitrates nunquam videbam in ulla officina. 7. Memoriam studio debes exercere. 8. Medicusne myristicse oleum ex- pressum et macidis oleum et flSres habebat? 9. Febrifuga, salicinum, ex salicis cortice paratur. 10. Si memoriam studio augebis, nomina medicamentorum memoria tenebis. 11. Doctus medicamentarius hydrargyri nitratem nomine signabat. Exercise. 29. 1. Will a skillful druggist mix the nitrate of potassium and the nitrate of lead? 2. The oils of nutmeg and mace are on the counter. 3. If you ask* for oil of mace the inexperienced druggist will often give (you) oil of nutmeg. 4. If you ask for nitre, he will give a nitrate. 5 . He has never trained his memory by study. 6. He does not seem to remember the names of his drugs. 7. Chloral, chloride, chlorine and chlorate are badly (male) mixed in his memory. 8. He stays in the store, but he will never be a druggist. 9. Doctor, prepare, if you please, a * The future tense must be used. Digitized by Microsoft® SECOND CONJUGATION. S3 few ounces of the extract of colocynthis. 10. Will he prepare the extract? No; he sells drugs; but he is no druggist. Questions to be Answered in Latin. i. Estne nitrum an nitras in phiala? 2. Delebitne aqua fortis phialarri? 3. Nonne aqua fortis digitos pueri pigri mor- debit? 4. Quid dol5rem mulcebit? 5. Habetne puer chloro- formum in phiala parva? 6. Utrum habes limmentum cam- phorae an belladonnse? 7. Suntne chlorates etiam in abaco? 8. Masticabatne puer piger tabacum? 9. Quid puella pulchra masticabat? 10. Num medicamentarius puellis gummi vendit ? CHAPTER XII. SECOND CONJUGATION.— (Continued.) 55. Learn the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect indica- tive, and perfect infinitive, active and passive, of moneo. 56. Rule of Syntax. — Separation is expressed by the ablative. (a) Verbs meaning set free, deprive, or want generally take the ablative alone : Vir aeger medicina caret, the sick man wants medicine ; Puer cibo privatus est, the boy has been deprived of food; Nos cur a liber abit, he will free us from care. (b) Verbs compounded with the prepositions a, ab, de, e, ex, generally take the ablative with those prepositions to state the place whence: Ab urbe abibat, he went from the city; De provincia decessit, he withdrew from the province. Vocabulary. 15. A (before consonants) 1 w ^ _ away jrom< by Ab (before vowels) J Arceo, 2, -ui, -turn, tr keep off. Bitartras, -atis, M bitartrate. Careo, 2, -ui, -itum, intr want, lack Cascarilla, se, F cascarilla. Cibus, -I, M f^d. Cur, adv wh V- Meus, -a, -urn, poss. pron my, mine. Moveo, 2, mo vi, motum, tr move. Nunquam , adv **><""■ Prabeo, 2, -ui, -i&igitited by Mk)rosQftfW nish ' °^ er ' hold fortk ' 54 SECOND CONJUGATION. Privo, i, -avi, -atum, tr deprive. Pyrophosphas, -atis, M pyrophosphate. Rumex, -icis, M. and F yellow dock. Sulphuricus, -a, -um sulphuric. Suus, -a, -um, poss. pron his, her, its, their. Tartras, -atis, M tartrate. Tonicum, -I, N a tonic. Tonicus, -a, -um, adj tonic. Tuus, -a, -um, poss. pron your, thy. Uncia, ae, F ounce. Exercise. 30. 1. Monui, monueram, monuero, monuimus, monueramus, monuerimus. 2. Monuisti, monuistis, monueras, monueratis, monueris, monueritis. 3. Monuerunt, monuere, monuerint, monuerant. 4. Monitus est, moniti estis, moniti eratis, moniti eritis. 5. Monui, monitus es, monuit, moniti sumus, monuistis, moniti erant. 6. Monuisse, monitus esse, monere, moneri. 7. Quinina malariam a viro aggro arcuit. 8. Vir agger tonico earner at. 9. Cibo et aqua privatus erat. 10. Cur medicus n5n aegro ferri phosphatis pilulas prasbuerat? 11. Tonica medica- menta multa medico sunt. 12. Miser vir aegrotus acido nitrico, acido sulphurico, argenti nitrate, bismuthi subnitrate, cascarilla, cinchona, gentiana, piperina, quassia, quinina, salicino et aliis tonicis multis a malo medico privatus est. 13. Agricola filio asgro rumicis extractum fluidum prasbuit. 14. Citras amm5nii et bismuthi ab abaco motus erat. 15. Mi puer, aegro vir5 quassiae fluidi extracti poculum parvum praebe. 16. Utrum puer potassii bitartratem an bismuthi subnitratem a loc5 moverat ? Exercise. 31. 1. I was moved, I had moved, I shall have been moved. 2. You had moved, we had been moved, you will have been ad- vised. 3. You had been offered, he had offered, they will have offered. 4. I had lacked food and medicine. 5. The sick man had wanted a cascarilla tonic. 6. The cream of tartar had been moved from * its place. 7. The druggist had moved the tar- trate of bismuth from the counter. 8. The patient had been deprived of food and medicine, and wanted water. 9. Quassia Digitized by Microsoft® THIRD DECLENSION. 55 is a good tonic, and will keep off malaria. 10. My good friend, how many prescriptions have you? n. Prepare three, if you please, for my sick friend, the surgeon. 12. What is the first prescription? 13. "Take (recipe) an ounce of sulphate of magnesia, ten drops of diluted sulphuric acid, a drachm of the syrup of rose and an ounce of the fluid extract of peppermint. Mix." 14. The second is: "Take an ounce of the fluid extract of quassia and a drachm of the tincture of gentian. Mix." 15. What is the third? "Take twenty ounces of the compound extract of sarsaparilla and a scruple of the iodide of potassium." 57. PR^SCRIPTUM. R. 1 Potassii Bromidi grana vlgintl; Chloral Hydratis scrupulum ; Morphmae Hydrochloratis . qumtam partem gram; Aquae Camphorae quantum sufficit ad 2 sesqui- unciam. 1 R for Recipe, Take. 2 Ad, for; that is, to make. CHAPTER XIII. THIRD DECLENSION.— (Continued.) Liquor, M. liquor. St., liquor — . N. V., liquor, G., liquors, D., liquor*, Ac, liquomw, Ab., liquors, N. V., liquores, G., liquorww, liquori6«i, liquors.?, D., Ac. Ab., HquoK&MS, 58. LIQUID STEMS. Singular. Pater, M. father. St., patr — . pater, patris, paXrl, patmw, patrs, Lotio, F. wash. St., lotion — . lotio, lotiom'5, lotions, lotionem, IStione, Plural. psXres, lotion^, patrwm, lotionMTO, paXribus, lotionibus, paXres, lotiones, patribus, lotionibus, Digitized by Microsoft® Semen, N. seed. St., semin — . semen. semim'.?. semim. semen. semins. semmo. seminum. seminibus. semina. seminibus. 56 THIRD DECLENSION. 59. Rule of Syntax. — Time when is expressed by the ablative without a preposition ; time within which, by the ablative alone, or by the ablative with in. Exercise. 32. 1. Puer impiger phialas centum sethere et alcohole horls sex implevit. 2. Pes claudl nautae valde dolet. 3. Medicus benlgnus chloroforms et sethere dolSrem her! levavit. 4. Lenl- menta dol5ris multa in officlna habet. 5. ^EgrStus prima hora ulmi cataplasma tentabat; secunda, belladonnse emplastrum applicabat; tertia, glycerin! I5ti6ne pedem lavabat; quarta, glycerin! unguento carebat; et tamen non valuit. 6. Dolor hora nona chlSroformo levatus est. 7. Cor et jecur asgri miser! valde dolent. 8. Medice bone, valebitne vir aeger? 9. Sedes morb! in corde est, — nunquam valebit. 10. Fel et jecur etiam vir! miser! aegrotant. 11. Medicus bonus liquores ferr! et quimnas, ferr! nitratis, magnesi! citratis, pepsin!, sodi! arsenltis, potassi! arsenltis, et alios liquores mult5s habet; sed nulla medicamenta segrotum sanabunt. 12. Magistr! fllius morbo hieme tentatus est. 13. Initio veris valebat. Exercise. 33. 1. Celsus was the name of a famous Roman physician. 2. The farmer's son was sick at the beginning of winter.* 3. Many remedies were tried by his parents. 4. The disease was light- ened by no lotions, emulsions or medicated liquors. 5. The cup was filled with alcohol by the physician's servant. 6. The servant's little black boy has the stomach-ache. f 7. A few drops of the oil of peppermint will relieve the pain. 8. Cerate of glycerine will not cure a pain in the heart. 9. The heart and liver of the wretched man were in great pain. J 10. The skillful physician relieved the poor patient at daybreak J with chloro- form. 11. Albumen is said || to be a natural** emulsion. 12. Glycerite of the yolk of egg will heal the boy's wounded arm. * At the beginning of winter, prima hieme. f ventris dolorem. % valde dolebant. § prima, luce. || dicitur. ** naturale. Digitized by Microsoft® THIRD DECLENSION. 57 60. PR^SCRIPTUM. R . Potassii Acetatis drachmas quinque ; Tincturae Digitalis drachmam unam; Syrupi Aurantil unciam unam; DecoctI Scoparil ad iincias octo. Fac x misturam. Capiat 2 cochlearia duo magna 3 quarta quaque hora 4 ex 5 paululo aquae. 1 Make. 2 Let (the patient) take; — Translate, Take. 5 Cochlearia duo magna, two tablespoonfuls. 4 Quarta quaque hora, every four hours. 5 Ex, in; literally, from. CHAPTER XIV. THIRD DECLENSION.— (Continued.) 61. S STEMS. Flos, M. Tus, N. Opus, N. Corpus, N. Flower. incense. work. body. St., flos (nor-). St., tus (tfir-). St.. opes (oper-). St., corpos (corpor-). Singular. N. V., flos, tus, opus, corpus. G., florz's, turn's, operis, corporis. D., flow, turi. open, corpor?. Ac, florem, tus, opus, corpus. Ab., flora, tura, opere, corpora. Plural. N. V., floras, tura, opera, corpora. G., flora m, turum, operum , corporum. D., Horibus, turibus, operibus, corporibus. Ac, floras, tura, opera, corpora. Ab., Qoribus, turibus, operibus, corporibus. 62. ADJECTIVE. Vetus, Old. SINGULAR. PLURAL. Masc. and Fern. Neut. Masc. and Fern. Neut. N. V., vetus, vetus, veteres, Vetera. G., -veteris, veterz's, veterum, veterum. D., veteri, veterl veteribus, veteribus. Ac, veterem, vetus, veteran, yetera. Ab., vetere, Vetera veteribus, veteribus. Digitized by Microsoft® 58 THIRD DECLENSION. 63. These were originally 5 stems; but the 5 was changed to r when standing between two vowels. 64. Rule of Syntax.— Manner is often expressed by the abla- tive with cum; but cum is sometimes omitted when the ablative is modified by an adjective, and with a few special words when not thus modified: Cum virtute vlxit, he lived virtuously ; Summa vl proelium commiserunt, they joined battle with the greatest violence; Injuria agit, he is acting unjustly. Vocabulary. 16. Certus, -a, -um, adj certain, fixed, definite. Ceterus, -a, -um, adj the remaining, rest, other. Conjectura, -as, F guess, conjecture. Contineo, 2, -ul, -ten turn, tr contain. Corpus, -oris, N body. Cum, prep. w. abl with. Diligens, -entis, adj attentive, careful. Emplricus, -I, M empiric, quack. Fleo, *, flevl, fletum, intr. and trans. . . .weep, bewail. Flos, -oris, M flower. Formula, -as, F formula, form, rule. Genus, -eris, N kind, sort, race. Haereo, 2 , haesl, haesum stick, adhere, hesitate. Libra, -33, F pound, balance. Mensura, -35, F measure. Mereo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr deserve, merit. Opus, -eris, N work. Pensum, -I, N lesson, task. Penso, 1, -avl, -atum, tr weigh. Piper, -eris, N pepper. Piperina, -a?, F , piperine. Prunum, -I, N plum, prune. Prunus, -I, F plum-tree. Reslnosus, -a, -um resinous. Scrupulum, -I, N scruple. Trutina, -ae, F balance. Exercise. 34. 1. Medici periti medicamenta magna, cum cura parant. 2. Empiric! medicamenta conjectura parant. 3. Nil cum cura pensant. 4. Medicamentarius diligens pulveris omne genus in officina habuit. 5. In pharmacopoeia Americana novem * pulveres officinales sunt. 6. Quot, mi discipule, memoria tenes? * See numerals, 187. Digitized by Microsoft® THIRD DECLENSION. 59 7. Omnes memoria teneo, — antimonialem pulverem, aromati- cum pulverem, glycyrrhizag pulverem, — et — et, — rhel com- positum pulverem, — et — in pulveribus haereo. 8. Parvus puer memoria tenebit, quia quarta hora hen recitabat. 9. Pulveres ceteros nomina, mi puer parve. 10. Ceteri sunt cretae composi- tus pulvis, pulvis effervescens compositus, ipecacuanhas et opii pulvis, jalapas compositus pulvis, morphinae compositus pulvis. 11. Bene! prasmium magnum meres. 12. Flores aurantii dulcis, et pauca pruna exsiccata, et glycyrrhizas extractum habebis. 13. Pipenna ex pipere parata est. 14. Puer piger flebat, quod magister pensum longum et durum dabat. 15. Pigro breve pensum visum est longum quod studere non amabat. Exercise. 35. 1. The little boy deserves a reward, because he remembered all * the officinal powders. 2. The American Pharmacopoeia contains formulas for nine officinal powders. f 3. The careful druggist prepares all * medicines by weight J and measure. 4. The quack prepares all doses by guess. 5. Medicines are never carefully mixed by the quack. 6. The careful student deserved the master's praise. 7. He labored with great dili- gence, and filled, in two hours, a hundred phials with chloro- form. 8. He shall have (some) liquorice and half a pound of dried prunes and some gum. 9. The Pharmacopoeia con- tains formulas for medicines of every? kind. 10. The pre- scription calls for (postulat) a drachm of the powder of jalap, a scruple of the powder of scammonium, twenty grains of the chloride of mercury and some simple syrup. 65. PR^SCRIPTUM. R . Potassii Chloratis drachmam ; AcidI Hydrochloric! drachmam imam et dlmidiam ; Mlsce et adde Tlncturae FerrI Chloridi drachmas duas; Aquae, quantum sufficit ut flant ' unciae quattuor. Signa 2 : Cochleare parvum ter quaterve 3 in die. 1 Ut fiant, so that there be made. _ 2 Signa, mark; i. e., write as directions. 3 Quater-ve; ve, "or." * All, omnes. t Use the genitive. t Trutina. § Omnis. Digitized by Microsoft® 6o THIRD DECLENSION. CHAPTER XV. THIRD DECLENSION.— (Continued.) 66. STEMS IN I. Nubes, F. Tussis, F. Febris, F. Ignis, M. Sitis, F. cloud. cough. fever. fire. thirst. St., nubi. St., tussi. St., febri. St., igni. St., siti. N. V., nubes, G. , nubis, D., nubi, Ac, nubem, Ab., nubiniti7&J'm i MHrF>- Meridies, -ei, M noon. Nam, conj for. Postquam, conj after, after that. Spes, -ei, F hope, expectation. Statio, -6nis, F a post, a station, guard. Tenax, -acis, adj tenacious, holding fast. Ter, num. adv three times, thrice. Exercise. 61. 1. Omnium rerum humanarum spes est optima. 2. Nam spem saepe habemus postquam omnes res ceteris amisimus. 3. Ars medici aegrS viro fidem facit. 4. ^EgrStus vir in dies con- valescit. 5. Febriculam ter in die habet. 6. Celsus, medicus psene clarissimus in republics RSmana, octo libros de medicina. scripsit. 7. In nostra quoque republics sunt multi medici clari, et multi empiric! mall. 8. Pauca remedia ex abiete habemus. 9. Abies tenacem picem e cortice exsudat. 10. Abies excelsa picem Burgundicam, et abies Canadensis picem Canadensem prasbet. Exercise. 62. 1. In all things be of good courage.* 2. A good physician will not often disappoint your expectations. 3. Your con- fidence will increase daily. 4. Like f a brave soldier, he will be on guard % day and night, and will ward off the return of disease. 5. Give the patient a dose of the extract of euonymus three times a day,§ — morning, noon and night. 6. The fir-tree * Bono animo. t Ut. % In statione. § See sentence 5 above. Digitized by Microsoft® 102 SPECIAL PARADIGMS. furnishes the material of three kinds of pitch plasters. 7. Name the three kinds. 9. The Canada fir furnishes the basis for pitch plasters. 129. Rule of Syntax. — The ablative of specification is used to denote that in respect to which anything is said to be or to be done: as clattdus altero pede, lame in one foot; mdribus similes, similar in character; virtute pracedunt, they excel in courage; numerd ad duodecim, about twelve in number. CHAPTER XXIX. 130. SPECIAL PARADIGMS. Vis, F. Dens, M. Senex, N. Jupiter. Force, strength. God. Old Singular. man. Jupiter. N. V., vis, deus, senex, Jupiter. G., vis, del, senis, Jovis. D., v», deo sen J, Jovi. Ac, vim, deum, senera , Jovem. Ab., vi, deo Plural. sene, Jove. N. V., vires, del, diz, dl, series. G., virium, deo; r um, deum, senum. D., vlribus, dels , diis, dis, senibus. Ac, vires. deo! series. Ab., vlribus, dels , dm, dis, senibus. Iter, N. Bos, M. and F Domus, F. Way. Ox, cow. Singular. House. N. V., iter, bos, domus. G, itinen's, bovis, domus (domi, loc.) D., itinew, bovJ, domwJ, 0. Ac, iter, bovera, domum. Ab., itinera, bow, Plural. dome, it. N. V., itinera, boves, domus. G., itmerum, hovum, bourn, domuum, drum. D., itineri&w.?, bobus, bubus, domibus. Ac, itinera, boves, domes, us. Ab., itinertbus, bobus, bubus, domibus. Digitized by Microsoft® PRONOUNS. 103 131. Praescripta. 1. Recipe, — Guaiaci ligni rasl unciam unam, Sassafras radicis unciam dimidiam, Aquae destlllatas libras duas. Coque Igne leni ad llbram unam, sub finem coctionis l adde glycyr- rhiza? radicis contuse drachmas duas, et cola, ^ger cochlearia tria ter die capiat. 2. Recipe, — Balsam! copaibas drachmas tres, Misturas acacias drachmas sex, Liquoris potassa? drachmam unam cum se- misse, Syrupi atirantii unciam dimidiam, Aqua? destillatas iincias quattuor cum sg- misse. Misce. jEger capiat cochlearia duo vel tria quarta quaque 2 hora. 3. Recipe, — Antimonit et potassii tartratis, granum dimidium, Aqua? puras unciam. Misce, et aegro haustum statim da, et repete post horas duas, si ventriculus emeticum non antea rejgcerit, vel si alvus n6n laxata fuerit. 1 Sub finem coctionis — towards the end of the boiling. 2 Quarta quaque hora — every fourth hour; time when. CHAPTER XXX. PRONOUNS. 132. Pronouns are divided into eight classes: I. Personal, til, thou, II. Reflexive, sul, of himself, III. Possessive, meus, my, IV. Demonstrative, hie, this, V. Intensive, ipse, myself, yourself, etc., VI. Relative, qui, who, VII. Interrogative, quis, who? VIII. Indefinite, aliquis, some one. Digitized by Microsoft® 104 PRONOUNS. I. PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 133. PARADIGMS. First Person. Ego, I. Singular. Plural. N., ego, /. nos, we. G., mei, of me. nostrum or nostrl, of us. D., mihl (mi), to, for me. nobis, to, for us. Ac. , me, me. nos, us. Ab. , me, by me. nobis, by us. Second Person. Tu, thou. N. V., tu, thou. vos, you, ye. G., tul, of thee. vestrum or vestrl, of you. D., tibi, to, for thee vobis, to, for you. Ac. , te, thee. vos, you. Ab. , te, by thee. vobis, by you. II. REFLEXIVE PRONOUN. 134. Sul, of himself, etc. Singular. Plural. N., G., sul, of himself, herself, itself. sul, of themselves. E>., sibi, to, for himself, etc. sibi, to, for themselves. Ac, se (sese), himself, etc. se (sese), themselves. Ab., se (sese), by himself, etc. se (sese), by themselves. 135. For the personal pronoun of the third person the demon- strative is, ea, id, he, she, it, is generally used. 136. The nominatives of the personal pronouns are only used for emphasis or contrast: Ego sum cegrotus, tu vales, I am sick, you are well. 137. The reflexive pronoun refers to the subject of the sen- tence or clause in which it stands. It is used only in the oblique cases (gen., dat., ac, abl.): Omnes homines se amant, all men love themselves. 138. In the first and second persons the oblique cases of the personal pronouns are used as reflexives: Me laudo, I praise myself. 139. "With me, with you," etc., are always expressed by mecum, tecum, secum, nobiscum, voblscum, the preposition cum being always appended to the ablative of the personal pronoun. Digitized by Microsoft® PRONOUNS. 105 III. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS. 140. From personal pronouns and the reflexive are formed the possessives : Meus, -a, -tun my, mine. Noster, -tra, -tram our, ours. Suus, -a, -urn his, her, its, their. Tuus, -a, -um thy, thine. Vester, -tra, -tram your, yours. 141. Possessives are declined as adjectives of the first and second declensions; but mens has in the vocative singular mascu- line generally ml, sometimes meus, and in the genitive plural sometimes meum instead of meorum. 142. Suus, like sul, is used only reflexively; medicus suds mediclnas laudat, the physician praises his (own) medicine. Otherwise his, her, its, are expressed by the genitive singular of is, ejus ; and their, by the genitive plural eorum, earum Vocabulary. 28. Ac, conj and; with comp., as, than. .(Eque, adv equally, in the same degree. Decipio, 3, decepi, deceptum, tr to deceive. Elixir, -iris, N elixir. Injucundus, -a, -um, adj disagreeable, unpleasant. Ludus, -I, M plo-y, sport, game. Os, oris, N mouth, face. Quasi, conj as if. Reservo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr reserve. Sed, conj but. Slgnum, -1, N sign, mark, symptom. Suavis, -e, adj. (dissyl.) pleasant, agreeable. Sanus, -a, -um, adj sound, well. Salus, -utis, F safety, health. Exercise. 63. 1. Tu segrStus es, ego valeo. 2. Tu medicamenta amara capis, ego saccharum, nuces, et alias res dulces. 3. Tu pilulas gentiana?, leptandrae, podophylli, et aloes extractum sumis; ego elixir aurantrl, et cetera elixiria, et omnes confectiones suaves. 4. Nobis syrupSs aurantil, amygdala;, sarsaparillag, rosse, — Digitized by Microsoft® 106 PRONOUNS. omnes syrupos bonds medicus praescribet; sed v5bls syrupos scillae, allii, ipecacuanha,— omnes syrupos injucund5s. 5. Juvenis medicus nimium se laudat, quasi ipse aegrum virum sanum fecisset. 6. Vetus medicus non saspe se laudat, sed semper artem suam et medicinam. 7. Empiricus miser quon- dam medicamentis suis se interfecit. 8. Sine te, mi medice care, miserrimus sum. 9. Tu vales, medice, quod pilulas tuas aloes, asafcetidae, antimonii, et ceterarum rerum nunquam capis, sed nobis miseris praeparas. 10. Tu naturalia vina bibis, nobis vina aloes, colchici radicis, ferri, ferri citratis, ipecacuanhas, opii, rhei praescribis. 11. Nobis das omnes res amaras, tibi omnia bona reservas. 12. Tu. medicamenta tua non capis. 13. Sumusne aegroti, quod medicamenta tua capimus? 14. Ego posthac non capiam tincturas belladonna?, capsici, chiratas, cin- chSnae, gelsemii, et extracta fluida taraxaci, stillingias, serpen- tarias, nucis vomicae, et alia genera injucunda medicatarum prasparationum. 15. Turn ego, aeque * ac tu, semper valebo; te intellego; me non iterum decipies. Exercise. 64. 1. Your health is dear to you, mine to me. 2. You also, boy, love liquorice ; I see the sign on your face. 3. I like pepper- mint troches. 4. When sick.f we all take your quinine and iron pills, doctor. 5. Bitter medicines are acceptable { to us when sick, but not pleasing. \ 6. The young doctor often praises himself. 7. Our physician prescribed for us three preparations of honey ,— honey pure and simple, rose honey and clarified honey. 8. The prescriptions of the old physician are used by you, by me, by thee, — by us all. 9. With us you will be happy. 10. With you and without you, doctor, we shall be equally happy. 11. Do you swallow your own pills; we have had enough. Questions to be Answered in Latin. 1. Egone pilulas asafcetidae devorabo? 2. Quis cinchonas pilulas devorabat? 3. N5nne tibi taraxaci extractum prae- * ^Eque ac tu, just the same as you; lit., equally as you. f When sick, mgrbil. % Acceptable, gratus. § Pleasing, jucundus. Digitized by Microsoft® PRONOUNS. 107 scriptum est? 4. Quis nobis syrupum scillae prasscripsit? 5. Nonne est medicus expertus vobiscum? 6. Num nimium se laudat? 7. Nonne nos desiderabis, medice? 8. Nonne nos pilulas tuas desiderabimus ? 9. Portabisne pilulas an em- plastra tecum, amice? CHAPTER XXXI. PRONOUNS.— (Continued.) 143. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Calendula, from calendce, calends— the first day of the Roman month ; so called because supposed to flower every calend. 2. Capsicum, probably derived from capsa, receptacle — Cay- enne pepper. 3. Experimentum, from ex, out of, per, through, and ire, to go — a going through and coming out. 4. Extractum, from ex, out, and trahere, to draw. 5. Elixir, from the Arabic article al and the Greek adj. xeros, dry — a powder supposed to convert base metals into gold. 6. Gentiana, from Gentius, king of Illyria, who used some species of the plant medicinally. 7. Sarsaparilla, from the Spanish zarsa, briar, and parilla, a little vine. IV. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 144. PARADIGMS. Is, Idem, ipse. Is, that, this; also, he, she, it. Singular. Plural. N., is, ea, id. ei, il, ca?, ea. G., ejus, e/^is, ejus. eorum, earum, eorum. D., el, ei, ei. eis, iis, cis, iis, eis, iis. Ac, eum, earn, id. eos, cas, ea, Ab., eo, ea, eo. eis, iis, eis, iis, eis, iis. Digitized by Microsoft® io8 PRONOUNS. Idem, the same Singular. N., Idem, eadem,* idem. G., ejusdem, ejusdem, ejusdem D., eidem, eldem, eidem. Ac, eundem, eandem, idem. Ab., eodem, eadem, eodem. i eidem, I ildem, eorundem, ( eisdem, I iisdem, eosdem, f eisdem, 1 iisdem, Plural. eandem, eadem. earundem, eorundem. eisdem, eisdem. iisdem, iisdem. easdem, eadem. eisdem, eisdem. iisdem, iisdem. V. THE INTENSIVE PRONOUN. 145. Ipse (self, himself, etc.). Singular. Plural. N., ipse, ipsa, ipsum. ipsi, ipsas, ipsa. G., ipslus, ipslus, ipslus. ipsorum, ipsarum, ipsorum, D., ipsi, ipsi, ipsi. ipsls, ipsls, ipsls. Ac. , ipsum, ipsam, ipsum. ipsos, ipsas, ipsa. Ab. , ipso, ipsa, ipso. ipsls, ipsls, ipsls. 146. These pronouns, like adjectives, agree with nouns ex- pressed or understood; idem and ipse also with pronouns. 147. Is is very often used as a personal pronoun, meaning he, she, it, they (see 135); also as the antecedent of qui, who: is qui, he who. 148. Idem is compounded of is and the suffix -dem. Idem is for isdem; idem for iddem; eundem, etc., for eumdem, etc.; eorun- dem, etc., for eorumdem, etc. 149. Ipse, self (intensive), is used to emphasize a noun or pronoun expressed or understood, and must be distinguished from se, self (reflexive) : (1) Medicus ipse veniet, the doctor himself (and not another) will come. (2) Medicum ipsum vldl, I saw the doctor himself. (3) Medicus se culpat nimium, the doctor blames himself too much. (4) Miles fratrem, dein se ipsum interjecit, the soldier killed his brother, then himself. 150. Decline together is homo, that man; ea gutta, that drop; * Read foot-note on page 14. Digitized by Microsoft® PRONOUNS. jog id extractum, that extract; idem dies, the same day; eadem tnanus, the same hand; idem corpus, the same body; vir ipse, the man himself. Vocabulary. 29. Elicio, 3, -111, -itum, tr draw out, elicit. Eruditus, -a, -um, part. adj.. . .learned, refined, civilized. Fontanus, -a, -um, adj of a fountain or spring. Idem, eadem, idem, dem. pron. the same, he likewise. Infundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr. . . .pour in. Pharmacopoeia, -as, F Pharmacopeia. Populus, T, M a people, nation. Quidem, conj indeed, even. Scriptor, -oris, M writer. Scriptum, -I, N a writing, written work. Thebas, -arum, F Thebes in Africa. y , , , f that has long existed; no longer young or I new (op. to recens). y . , , , ( that goes back beyond the remembrance ' \ of those now living. ... , , f that once was; (op. to novus) , antlqui, the Antiquus, -a, -um old, { r » 1 > I ancients. Exercise. 65. 1. Pharmacopoeia medicamentarii liber pretiosissimus est; fSrmulas ejus diurna nocturnaque manu. tractat. 2. Librum fidum amicum existimat; eum magis quam te amat. 3. Ad* formulas ejus remedia multa praeparat. 4. Eaedem f5rmulae sapient! medicamentario divitias pragbent. 5. Formulas semper easdem sunt, et, si qualitas medicament5rum est semper eadem, eosdem eventus praebebunt. 6. Magister ipse dies noctesque pharmacopoeias dat; nonne adjutor ejus idem facere debet? 7. Si id non faciet nunquam bonus medicamentarius erit. 8. Est mihi formula scripta Latine : Aqua Asafoetida. "R. — Asafcetid» drachmas tres, Infunde aquae fontana: quantitatem sufficientem, et destillatione elice uncias sex. Esto turbida." 9. Adjutor medicamentarii eandem formulam forsan saspe vidit ; earn autem n5n intelligit, quod Latine scripta est. 10. Idem quoque praescripta Latina non facile legit. * Ad formulas, in accordance with the formulae. Digitized by Microsoft® ho pronouns. Exercise. 66. i. Celsus was a famous Roman writer on * medicine ; have you read his writings, doctor? 2. I have not read them, but I have read part of the American Pharmacopoeia. 3. What ! never read Celsus, the most famous Roman writer on medicine? 4. No; I have never read his works, nor, heard of* him even. 5. How many of his formulae are in the Pharmacopoeia? 6. I do not know that myself. 7. His formulas were written in Roman books, not in ours. 8. But many of them have been put into some f Pharmacopoeias. 9. Then,{ perhaps, I have read a few of them without knowing \ it. || 10. The formulae for many preparations are very old, and are the same in all civilized nations. For Translation. 151. F5rmulae e Pharmacopoeia Germana excerptas: 1. K%tr actum Cascarillm. J£. — Corticis cascarillas minutim contusl Hbram unam; affunde aquas communis libras sedecim. Decoque ad remanent! am ' librarum octo et cola. Residuum denuo cum 2 aquae communis libris sedecim ad dimidium decoque, et repete decoctionem, quoties opus fuerit. Turn liquores commlxtos subsldendo 3 et decantatione depura, et evapora ad remanentiam librarum quattuor, quas 4 in balneo vaporis ad extract! absinthii spissitudinem redige. Serva bene. 2. Pulvis Aromaticus . R. — Cinnamomi pulveratl uncias duas, cardamoms minoris excorticati 5 pulveratl unciam unam, radicis zingiberis, et piperis alb! singulorum pulveratSrum uncias dimidium. Misce et in vase bene obturato serva. 3. Syrupus Cliamomillw. R . — Florum chamomillas vulgaris uncias quattuor. Infunde aquas com- munis ferventis quantum sufficit. Cola et in uncils vigintl liquoris solve leni calore saccharl albissiml libras tres, ut flat 6 syrupus coloris subflavl et fusel. 1 Med. Lat. 2 "With" governing libris. 3 By settling. ' Which. 5 Free from bark. ° Ut fiat, that there may result. * De. f Nonnullus, -a, -um. J Then, igitur, after first word in sentence. § Without knowing, Nesciens. || Omit. Digitized by Microsoft® DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. CHAPTER XXXII. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS.— (Continued.) 152. paradigms: Hlc, Iste, I lie. Hie, this, this of mine (near the speaker) : Singular. Plural. N., hlc, hsec, hoc, hi, has, G., hujus, hujus, hujus, horum, harum, D., huic, huic, huic, his, his, Ac, hunc, hanc, hoc, hos, has, Ab., hoc, hac, hoc, his, his, Iste, that, that of yours (near the one addressed) : N., iste, ista, istud, isti, G., istius, istius, istius, istorum, D., isti, isti, isti, istis, Ac, istum, istam, istud, ist5s, Ab., isto, ista, isto, istis, Ille, that (remote from the speaker) : N., ille, ilia, illud, illi, G., illius, illius, illius, illorum, D., illi, illi, illi, mis, Ac, ilium, illam, illud, illos, Ab., illo, ilia, illo, illis, IStffi, istarum, istis, istas, istis, ilia;, illarum, illis, illas, illis, haac horum. his. hasc. his. ista. istorum. istis. ista. istis. ilia. illorum. illis. ilia. illis. 153. Hie is used of that which is near the speaker in place, time or thought, and hence is called the demonstrative of the first person: Hlc liber, this book (near me, or belonging to me). 154. Iste is used of that which has some relation to the person addressed, and hence is called the demonstrative of the second person: Iste liber, that book (near you, or belonging to you). 155. Ille is used of that which is relatively remote from the speaker or person addressed, in place, time or thought, and hence is called the demonstrative of the third person: Ille liber, that book (yonder). 156. Hlc and ille are sometimes used in contrast: Hlc, the lat- ter; ille, the former. 157. Is sometimes approaches hlc in meaning, and sometimes ille. Hence it is to be translated this or that, according to the connection. Digitized by Microsoft® 112 demonstrative pronouns. Vocabulary. 30. Admlsceo, 2, admiseul, admixtum, or admistum, mingle together, blend. Colum 1 N. filter, strainer, percolator. Conslo', i, -stitl, -statum, intr be made up of, consist of. Cylindratus, -a, -um, adj cylindrical. Finis, -is, M end, Umit - Flrme, adv firmly. Humecto, 1, -avl, -atum, tr moisten. Octarius, -I, M P int - Premo, 3, press!, pressum, tr press. Sensim adv little by little, gradually. Serus, -a, -um, adj l°- te - Studeo, 2, -ui, tr. (with Dat.) study, apply the mind to, be eager for. Verus, -a, -um, adj true. Vitreus, -a, -um, adj of glass. Exercise. 67. 1. Hie puer pharmaccepceiam diligenter legit, ille in libro dormit. 2. Ex iis pauca * quasremus de tincturis. 3. Didicis- tisne, pueri, adhuc omnia f de his duabus tincturis in abaco? Illud pars pensi hodierni erat. 4. "Non omnia adhuc didici, quotidie autem disco," respondit discipulus diligens. 5. Lastus | audio; scientiam autem tentabo. 6. Quomodo tincturam in ilia, ampulla pra?paras? 7. Hoc modo aconiti tinctura paratur. Formulam pharmaccepceias dabo, si memoria tene5. 8. " R. — Aconiti pulveris uncias undecim; tartaric! acidi grana quadra- ginta; alcoholis octarios duos." 9. Recte adhuc; ills sunt materia. I Quomodo autem admisces? 10. Pulverem aconiti humecta, unciis fluidis sex alcoholis, in quo|| acidum tartaricum antea solutum erat, et per h5ras viginti quattuor macera. n. Recte iterum; quid autem deinde fades? Perge celeriter ad finem. 12. Deinde in cylindrato colo vitreS firme preme, et reliquum alcoholem sensim infunde. 13. Sic fit* tinctura aconiti officinalis. 14. Rectum est tuum responsum, mi puer. Recte illam tincturam scis parare. 15. Nunc tu, mi puer alter, quo- modo belladonnas tincturam parabis. 16. Nulls modo parabS, * Will ask a few questions. t Omnia, all things, everything. X I am glad to hear it. § The ingredients. || In which. ** fit, is made. Digitized by Microsoft® DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 113 nesci5. 17. Quid! nescis? Re vera* nescls? Nonne per- tractas pharmacopoeiam? 18. Certe pertracto, sed formulas omnes memoria non tene5. 19. Unam igitur tene, non omnes simul. In centum partibus tlncturse, quot partes belladonna sunt? Nescio. Quot partes alcoholis dilutl sunt ? Nescio. 20. Nescisne? O homo ignare, defessus es; domum perge celeriter, et caput repone. Exercise. 68. 1. That boy does not know the formula for the tincture of bel- ladonna; do you know it? 2. Yes, I remember the formula well. I learned it yesterday. 3. Repeat it, then, correctly for that lazy fellow, t while he attends diligently. 4. Take fifteen parts of the powder of belladonna leaves and eighty-five J parts of diluted alcohol. 5. Moisten the powder with twenty parts of diluted alcohol, and macerate for twenty-four { hours. 6. Then press it firmly in a cylindrical percolator, and, little by little, pour upon it the remainder of the alcohol. 7. Good! \ That is a cor- rect answer. 8. Do you know the usual dose of this tincture? 9. The usual dose is (from) three to eight minims. 10. What do you know of || the tincture of arnica root ? 1 1 . I know the in- gredients and the manner of preparing** the tincture. 12. What does that boy near you f f know of them? 13. My boy, tell %% us the ingredients of the tincture of arnica root. 14. That tincture is prepared from \\ ten parts of arnica root and ninety parts of diluted alcohol. 15. It is prepared in the same ||[[ man- ner as the tincture of belladonna. 16. This is the officinal tinc- ture of arnica root of the American Pharmacopoeia. 158. FOR TRANSLATION". Celsus de his qua calefaciunt ant refrigerant. At calefaciunt piper, sal, caro omnis jurulenta, allium, cepa, ficus arida, salsamentum, vinum, et qu5 *** meracius est eo magis. * "Really." t Omit, t Numerals, 187. § Bene. II De, with abl. ** Parandi. tt See 154. %% Die, ml puer. §§ ex or de with abl. |||| Modo eddem quo — same manner as. *** The purer it is, the more heating it is; lit. — by what the purer, by that the more heatinsr.r^- m- i u ««■ a.r-^ ° Digitized by Microsoft® 114 RELATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. Refrigerant olera, qu5rum crudi caules assumuntur, ut intybus, et lactiica: item coriandrum, cucumis, elixa cucurbita, beta, mora, cerasa, mala austera, pira fragilia, caro elixa, prascipueque acetum, sive cibus ex e5, sive potio assumitur. CHAPTER XXXIII. RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE, AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. PARADIGMS. Qui, Quis, Aliquis. VI. RELATIVE PRONOUNS. 159. Qui, who, which, that. Si. NGULAR. Plural. N., qui, quse, quod, qui, quae, quas. G., cujus, cujus, cujus, quorum, quarum, quorum. D., cui, CUI, cui, quibus, quibus, quibus. Ac. , quern, quam, quod, quos, quas, quas. Ab. 1 quo, qua, quo, quibus, quibus, quibus. 160. Qulcumque and quisquis, whoever, are called General Relatives. The qui of qulcumque is declined like the simple relative qui. Quisquis, quicquid (for quidquid) and quoquo are the only common forms of quisquis. VII. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. 161. The Interrogative Pronouns are: 1. Quis, M. and F., quid, N., who, what? used without a noun, and declined like the relative, except in the nominative and the neuter accusative: quis hoc fecit, who has done this? 2. Qui, quce, quod, which, what, declined like the relative pronoun, and used with nouns: quod extractum dedistlf which extract did you give ? 162. The interrogative quis may stand with a noun: Quis medicus eratf which physician was it ? Qui medicus eratf means : what physician wa^^^wh^-k^^a physician was it? INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. "5 VIII. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 163. The indefinite pronouns are quis, M. and F., quid, N., used as substantives, any one, anything, and qui, qucs, quod, used as adjectives, any, and their compounds. 164. Aliquis, some one, some, any one. Singular. N, aliquis, -qui, aliqua, aliquid or -quod. G., alicujus, alicujus, alicujus, D-, alicui, alicui, alicui. Ac. , aliquem, aliquam, aliquid or -quod. Ab. , aliquo, aliqua, Plural. aliquo. N., aliqui, aliquas, aliqua. G, aliquorum, aliquarum, aliquorum. D., aliquibus, aliquibus, aliquibus. Ac. , aliquos, aliquas, aliqua. Ab. , aliquibus, aliquibus, aliquibus. Observe the feminine nominative singular and the neuter nominative plural of aliquis, and compare them with the corre- sponding forms of quis. 165. Aliquis is used adjectively in the forms in -qui and -quod, and sometimes in the masculine aliquis. The feminine is used only as an adjective. 166. Besides quis and aliquis, the most important indefinites are quidam, qucsdam, quiddam or quoddam, a certain one, cer- tain; quisquam, M. and F., quicquam, N., any one (no plural); quisque, M. and F., quidque or quodque, N., each one, every. 167. Quidam, quisquam. and quisque are declined like the simple pronouns. Quidam changes m to n before d — quendam quorun- dam, etc. 168. Aliquis, some one, any one (without emphasis); quis- quam, any one at all (emphatic). Quisquam is used chiefly in negative sentences and in questions implying a negative. 169. Aliquis hoc dixit means some one said this, but I don't know who; quidam, a certain man whom I know, but don't choose to name. 170. Rule of Syntax. — A relative pronoun agrees with its ante- cedent in gender and number, but its case depends on its construc- Digitized by Microsoft® Il6 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. tion in the clause in which it stands. Medicus qui venit, the doc- tor who came; dosis quam dedit, the dose that he gave; medica- menta qua emit, the drugs which he bought. 171. Rule of Syntax.— The verb of which a relative pronoun is the subject agrees in person and number with the antecedent of the relative: Ego qui audlvl, I who heard; vos qui legitis, you who read. Vocabulary. 31. Aliquis, -qua, -quid, or -quod, indef. pron. . . .any one, any. Angulus, -I, M corner. Attente, adv attentively. Auris, -is, F ear. Carum, -1, N caraway. Catechu, indecl., N catechu. Coccus, -I, F. and M cochineal. Crassus, -a, -um, adj coarse, gross. Erigo, 3, erexi, erectum, tr erect, prick up. Menstruum, -5, N a solvent. Optime, adv best, right well. Percolo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr percolate, strain. Requiesco, 3, -quievi, -quietum, intr rest, repose. Semiimcia, -32, F half-ounce. Silens, -entis, part, adj silent. Singuli, drum, adj single, separate, one at a time, each. Exercise. 69. 1. Ille puer, qui heri nihil de tincturis sciebat, requievit, et for- san rectius respondebit hodie. Sic spero certe. 2. Pauca vero ex e5 quaeram similia eis quae heri quaesivi. 3 . Quis est formula officinalis calumbae tincturae? 4. Calumba est menstruum, — "menstruum?" Dixine menstruum? Basis erat mihi * in animo dicere. 5. Alcohol et aqua sunt menstruum. 6. Quis- nam | est rati5 tincturam illam parandi ? 7 . Misce alcoholis partes ternas cum aquae partibus binis. Decern partes calumbae, in pulverem crassum redactse, pondere asquali htijus (or illius) mis- turae humecta. Turn in col5 vitreo preme, et satis menstrui in- funde, ut colatura, in lagena recepta, centum partes efficiat. 8. * Erat mihi in animo — I intended: lit. — it was in mind to me. t The enclitic -nam strengthens the interrogative: quisnam, who, pray? Digitized by Microsoft® INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. II 7 Alcoholem et aquam misce, calendulae pulverem crassum decern partibus hujus misturae humecta. 9. Turn in colo vitreo preme, et menstruum infunde. 10. Rectam formulam habes: — me- moria melior est quam heri. 11. Nunc iterum responds. 12. Quse sunt pondera proportionalia materiarum tincturas carda- mom! composite ? 13. Recipe cardamom! grana ducenta * octo- ginta, cinnamomi grana ducenta octoginta, carl grana centum quadraginta, cocci grana septuaginta, glycerin! unciam cum semisse, alcoholis quantum sufficit. 14. Bene; memoria nunc est optima; quantum autem alcoholis sufficit? 15. Istud eras tibi dlcam. Exercise. 70. 1. Is there any one present f who knows the ingredients in the tincture of capsicum? 2. There is a certain boy present who remembers. 3. He is the same boy who told us yesterday about the tincture of aconite, — not that tired boy. 4. Yonder f boy in the corner knows. 5. Proceed, my boy, while the rest of us attentively listen. 6. Take five parts of the powder of capsicum, ninety parts of alcohol, and five parts of water. 7. Moisten the powder with three parts of the menstruum, pack in a similar vessel and percolate in the same manner as $ we did the tincture of bel- ladonna. 8. Is there any one who will tell us the formula for the compound tincture of catechu? 9. What! does no one know? All are silent as fishes. 10. And yet this formula is not more difficult than the others, n. Now, prick up your ears and at- tend, and I will tell you. 12. Take twelve parts of the powder of catechu, eight parts of the powder of cinnamon, and eighty parts of diluted alcohol. 172. NllgCB. Scama Prima in Lud5 Medicinae: Duo condiscipuli jimiores, superb! et elati ob titulum exspectatum, conveniunt in campo, et sic inter se agunt. "Salve, medice," inquit alter. "Salve, medice," alter respondit. "Quomodo vales, hodie, medice?" "Bene valeo, medice." "Quomodo tu vales, medice?" "Op- time, medice." "Dies pulcher, medice." "Perpulcher, med- * See numerals, 187. t Adestne aliquis. J Ille puer. § Eodem modo quo belladonnas tlncturam. Digitized by Microsoft® n8 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. ice." "Vale, medice." "Vale, medice." Turn discedunt su- perbiores quod desideratum titulum saspe audiverunt. 173. Rule of Syntax. — Duration of time and extent of space are expressed by the accusative: Puer in schola tres annos erat, the boy was in school three years : Nix quattuor pedes alta, snow four feet deep. Vocabulary. 32. At, conj but, but yet, but then. Denique, adv finally, lastly. Exhaurio, 4, -hausl, -haustum, tr draw out, exhaust. Extraho, 3, extraxi, extractum, tr. . . .draw forth, extract. Infusio, -onis, F a pouring in, infusion. Medicamentarius, -a, -tun, adj pertaining to medicine. Modice, adv moderately. Perdo, 3, perdidi, perditum, tr destroy, ruin. Pa^ne, adv almost, nearly. Rependo, 3, rependl, repensum, tr. . . .weigh back, pay back, return. Spissitas, -atis, F thickness, consistency. Exercise. 71. 1. Dominus et adjutor in officma extracta parant. 2. Do- mine, estne hasc recta formula extract! colocynthidis compositi? 3. Repete, si placet, et tibi dicam. 4. Recipe extract! colo- cynthidis uncias octo, aloes uncias v!gint! quinque, cardam5m! pulveris tres uncias, resinae scammoni! pulveris uncias sep- tem, saponis crasse pulverat! uncias septem, alcoholis uncias fluidas sex. 5. Nonne est longa formula? Psene e memoria, effugerat. 6. Istud non est cura; * mihi. Nunc celeriter secun- dum formulam para, illud extractum. 7. Magna cum cura autem perge; quod, s! aliquid perdes, totum damnum rependes. 8. At f5rmula haec, domine, est longa et difficilis, et non longa experientia mea. 9. Nonne ver5 in schola pharmaceutics duos annos eras? Nihilne ommno in ilia schola didicisti? 10. Ex- tractum igitur para, sine damn5 medicamentorum, vel ego aliquid ex te extraham. 11. Dum tii illud extractum paras, ego glycyr- rhiza? extractum purum parabo. 12. Haec est formula : " Recipe glycyrrhizee pulveris partes centum, aquas ammSniae partes qum- decim, aquas destillatae trecentas partes." 13. Ammonias aquam cum trecentis partibus aquas destillatae m!sce. 14. Hasc m!stura * Dat. — That is not for a care to me — I do not care about that. Digitized by Microsoft® INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 119 est menstruum. Pulverem centum menstrul partibus humecta et horas viginti macera. 14. In cylindrato col5 vitreo modice preme, et Infunde, primum, reliquum menstruum, deinde, aquam destlllatam donee glycyrrhiza exhausta est. 15. Denique aquae balne5 Infusionem ad spissitatem massse pilularum evapora. Exercise. 72. 1 . The formula for the compound fluid extract of sarsaparilla calls for seven things. 2. Four of these things are powders. 3. The quantity of each powder is this : of sarsaparilla, thirty-seven* and a half f ounces; of glycyrrhiza, six ounces; of sassafras, five ounces; of mezereum, one and a half ounces. f 4. The remain- ing ingredients are three and one-fourth { ounces of glycerin and a sufficient quantity of alcohol and water. 5. Mix one part of alcohol with two parts of water. 6. Mix the glycerin with seven- teen ounces of alcohol and thirty ounces of water. 7. This mixture is the menstruum. 8. Moisten the powders with twenty ounces of this mixture, and pack it firmly in a cylin- drical percolator. 9. When the liquid begins to drop from the percolator, close the lower opening. 10. Macerate for forty- eight hours. 11. Then percolate, adding gradually, first, the remainder of the menstruum, and then the mixture of alcohol and water, until the powder is exhausted. 174. FOR TRANSLATION. Cold de vl medicamentdsd brassiccs. Et primum sclto, de omnibus brassicis nulla est illiusmodi medicament5sior. Ad \ omnia vulnera et tumores, earn contrl- tam imponito. Ha?c || omnia ulc era pu.rga.bit sanaque faciet sine dolSre. Eadem ** tumida ff concoquit, %% eadem erumpit. Eadem ** vulnera piitida, canceresque purgabit, sanosque faciet; quod \\ medicamentum aliud facere non potest. |||| Verum prius- * Numerals, 187. t "And a half " is always to be translated by cum semisse. % Tres et qudrta pars uncice. § For all wounds and swellings. \Hcec (brassica). ** It also; lit. — the same (brassica). tt Tumida (ulcerd) when swollen. %% Ripens, brings to a head. §§ Quod for id quod — that which. What is the real antecedent of quod? || || Potest— is able. Digitized by Microsoft® 120 COMPOUNDS OP SUM. quam id imp5nas, aqua, calida multa lavato. Postea bis in die contrltam imp5nit5. Ea omnem putorem adimet. In * ea vulnera hiijusmodi brassicam teritS, sana faciet. Optima est ad hiijusmodi vulnus. Et siquod luxatum f est, bis die aqua calida foveto, brassicam tritam opponito, cit5 sanum faciet. Si bis die apponitur dolSres auferet. Et siquid contusum est, erumpet, si brassicam tritam appo- sueris, et sanum faciet. Before learning the compounds of sum, review the paradigms of all the pronouns. CHAPTER XXXIV. COMPOUNDS OF SUM. 175. The compounds of sum are inflected like sum. 176. Possum, posse, potui, be able, can. Possum is compounded of potis, able, and sum. Potis is every- where shortened to pot; then t is changed to 5 before s, and the / of Jul, fueram, etc., is dropped after t. INDICATIVE. SUBJUNCTIVE. Present Tense.- — / am able, can etc Singular. Plural. Singular. Plural. pos-sum, pos-sumus, pos-sim, pos-simus, pot-es, pot-estis, pos-sis, pos-sltis, pot-est, pos-sunt. pos-sit, pos-sint. Imperfect. — I was able, could, etc. pot-eram, pot-eramus. pos-sem, pos-semus. Future. — / shall be able, etc. pot-ero, pot-erimus. I Perfect. — I have been able, could, etc. pot-ul, pot-uimus. I pot-uerim, pot-uerimus. * For these wounds. t If anything has been displaced; if there has been a dislocation. Digitized by Microsoft® COMPOUNDS OP SUM. 121 Pluperfect. — / had been able, could have, etc. pot-ueram, pot-ueramus. | pot-uissem, pot-uissemus. Future Perfect. — / shall have been able, etc. pot-uero, pot-uerimus. I INFINITIVE. Present. Perfect. posse, to be able. I potuisse, to have been able. PARTICIPLE. Present, potens. I 177. Prdsum, prodesse, proful, benefit. Prosum is compounded of pro, prod, for, and sum, to be. The d of prod is retained before e. INDICATIVE. SUBJUNCTIVE. Present Tense. — / benefit, etc. Singular. Plural. Singular. Plural. pro-sum, pro-sumus, pr6d-es, prod-estis, prod-est, pro-sunt. pro-sim, pro-simus, pr6-s!s, pro-sitis, pr6-sit, pro-sint. Imperfect. prod-eram, prod-eramus. I pr6d-essem, prod-essemus. Future. prod-ero, prod-erimus. I Perfect. pro-fui, pro-fuimus. [ pro-fuerim, pro-fuerimus. Pluperfect. pro-fueram, pro-fueratnus. I pro-fuissem, pro-fuissemus. Future Perfect. pro-fuero, pro-fuerimus. I IMPERATIVE. Pres., prod-es, prod-este. I Fut., prod-esto, prod-estote. INFINITIVE. Pres., prod-esse. Perp., pro-fuisse. Fut., pro-futurus esse. PARTICIPLE. Fut., pro-futurus. Digitized by Microsoft® !22 COMPOUNDS OF SUM. 178. Learn the tenses of the indicative, imperative, and in- finitive of possum and prosum. 179. Rule of Syntax. — The compounds of sum, except possum and absum, all take the dative; but insum is often followed by in with the ablative, and inter sum by inter with the accusative, and by in with the ablative. Vocabulary. 2>Z- Auxilium, -1, N aid, assistance. Chemia, -x, F chemistry. Conductus, -a, -urn, part, conduco induced, persuaded, hired. Inscientia, -a?, F ignorance. Leviter, adv lightly. Nisi, conj if not, unless. Obsum, -esse, -fui (ob and sum), intr be against, opposed to, in- jure. Praesum, -esse, -fui (pra3 and sum), intr. . .be before, at the head of, command. Prosum, -desse, -fui (pro and sum) , intr. . . . be useful, benefit. Possum, posse, potui (potis and sum) , intr. . be able, can. Scientia, -a?, F knowledge, skill. Superfundo, 3, -fudl, -fusum, tr pour over or upon. Simplex, -icis, adj simple. Et et both and. Neque neque neither nor. Ne quidem not even. Exercise. 73. 1. Chemia his temporibus medicamentariS valde prSdest. 2. Sine auxilio ejus vix potest negotio prasesse. 3. Inscientia - chemias et * medicamentario et * negoti5 oberit. 4. JEque medicamentario prSderit etiam fere omnes formulas pharma- copoeias bene scire. 5. Si dominus est ignarus, adjutor mercede conductus magnS negotio medicamentari5 ejus prseerit. 6. Dominus ipse, in officina sua, pro pudor! adjutori suo subjectus erit. 7. Adjutor chemias et pharmacopoeia? in schola diligenter studebat, et fSrmulas multas tentabat. 8. Dominus autem potest harum formularum ne simplicissimas quidem parare. 9. Recipe aurantii amarl pulveris partes viginti, alcoholis diluti octoginta. 10. Pulverem diluti alcoholis partibus viginti hu- * Et et, both and . Digitized by Microsoft® DEPONENT VERBS. 123 mecta, horas viginti quattuor macera, in colo cylindratS leviter preme, et alcoholem dilutum gradatim superfunde d5nec partes centum paratas sunt. 11. Recipe arnica? fl5rum pulveris partes viginti, alcoholis diluti partes oct5ginta, et eodem modo quo pri5re formula, para. 12. Has et similes formulas indoctus dominus usurpare non potest, prascipue scriptas Latine. 13. Nisi hoc facere discit, adjutor ejus peritus mox dominus erit. Exercise. 74. 1. A knowledge of chemistry is a benefit to the druggist. 2. He cannot well be at the head * of his business without it. 3. An untaught druggist will injure both himself and business. 4. He ought to know well the formulas of the pharmacopoeia. 5. Will he be able to read them when | written in Latin? 6. He will also receive many prescriptions written in Latin. 7. If he cannot read them, he certainly cannot prepare them. 8. He cannot then J be at the head of his own business. 9. This ought to be a great disgrace to the proprietor. 10. He receives this simple prescription : B . — Opil pulveris gr. ij. AcidI tannicl 3 ss. ' Saccharl albl gj. M. et div. in pulv. xii. 2 1 Sp Semi-drachmam. 2 Misce et divide in pulveres duodecim. 11. O shame! \ he can neither understand it nor prepare it. 12. Will not the clerk soon be master? CHAPTER XXXV. DEPONENT VERBS. FIRST AND SECOND CONJUGATIONS. 180. Deponent verbs have the forms of the passive voice, with the meaning of the active. There are deponents of each of the four regular conjugations : Medicus bonus agrotis conatur mederi, * Be at the head, prceesse. t Omit. % Igitur. § Pro pudor! Digitized by Microsoft® 124 DEPONENT VERBS. the good physician endeavors to cure the sick. Audi multa, lo- quere pauca, listen much, say little : hear many things, speak few. 181. Review the passive indicative, imperative and infinitive of the first and second conjugations. Vocabulary. 34. Attingo, 3, -tigi, -factum, tr touch, arrive at. Casus, -us, M fall, mishap, chance. Claudico, 1, intr halt, be lame. Claudo, 3, -clausl, -clausum, tr close, shut. Cogito, 1, -avl, -Stum, -intr think, ponder, meditate. Conor, -ari, -atus sum, dep., intr. and tr. . .try, attempt, endeavor. Diphtheria, -as, F diphtheria. Efficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr effect, cause, make. Fauces, -ium, F gullet, pharynx, throat. Festino, 1, -avl, -atum, intr. and tr hasten. Fragor, -oris, M breaking, noise, explosion. Funda, -as, F a bag. Lasdo, 3, lassi, laesum, tr hurt, injure. Medeor, -Sri, dep. (w. dat.) heal, cure, remedy. Medicor, -ari, -atus sum, dep. (w. dat.) . . .heal, cure, remedy. Opitulor, -ari, -atus sum, dep. (w. dat.) . . . bring help, aid, succor. Profunde, adv profoundly. Pulsus, -us, M a beating, the pulse. Quatio, 3, , quassum, tr shake, toss. Ramentum, -I, N shred, piece. Sedo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr allay, quiet, ease. Sulphuratus, -a, -um, adj impregnated with sulphur, sul- phurated. Vena, -as, F vein. Vestis, -is, F garment, clothing. Videor, -erl, vlsus sum, pass, of video . . . .seem, appear. VolvS, 3, volvi, volutum, tr roll, ponder, think. Exercise. 75. De cxperimento cmplrici. 1. Emplricus indoctus aegrotis cOnatur mederi, non scientia medicmae, sed experimentis. 2. E multis experimentis hoc re- centissimum videtur. 3. Puer parvus aegrOtissimus fuit diph- theria. 4. AliquS ca.su. misero emplricus arcessitus est. 5. Pulsum venarum aggri attingebat, linguam et fauces inspiciebat, oculos suos clausit, caput sapienter quatiebat, profundissime Digitized by Microsoft® DEPONENT VERBS. I25 cogitare videbatur. 6. Turn, quasi notionem novam ceperat, cit5 scripsit hoc praescriptum : Recipe, — Potassil chloratis drachmas duas, Sulphuris subllmati drachmas duas, Glycerin! unciam unam, Aqua? pura? uncias tres. 7. Sic secum volvebat* "Potassi! chloras et sulphur faucibus medicabuntur et febrem sedabunt, glycerinum ulceration! opitulabitur, aqua medicamenta solvet. 8. H5c prasscrfptum optimum est, et cito pragparabo." 9. Sic dicens ad officinam festlnavit. 10. Superbus et elatus scientia, in mortario medica- menta posuit, et terere pistillo incipiebat, cum subit5 horribilis f ragor fuit , et posthac ille empiricus , glaber et altero oculo captus f male claudicat. Exercise. 76. 1. The quack, through lack of knowledge, often endeavors to mix incompatible remedies. 2. He purchased some J chlorate of potassium troches, and put them in his pocket. $ 3. He afterwards carelessly put some J matches |[ into the same pocket. 4. Soon there was a frightful explosion in that pocket, and the quack was badly hurt. 5. A few days afterwards he tried to mix chlorate of potassium with tannic acid and sugar. 6. This caused an- other terrible explosion. 7. He is now trying to heal himself. 182. Cato's Recipe for Birthday Cake. Libum hoc modo facito. Case! pondera duo bene disterat ** in mortario. Ubi bene distriverit, farinae siligineae libram, aut si voles |t tenerius esse, selibram similaginis solum eodem indito j J permiscetoque cum caseo bene. Ovum unum additS, et una \\ permisceto bene. Inde panem facito. Folia subdito. In foco caldo sub testu coquito leniter. * Sic secum volvebat — thus he thought to himself, t Blind in one eye. % Omit. § Funda vestis. || Rdmenta sulphurdta. ** Bene disterat — let one thoroughly grind. tt You shall wish. %% Eodem indito — put in the same. §§ Una, adv. — together. Digitized by Microsoft® 126 DEPONENT VERBS. CHAPTER XXXVI. DEPONENT VERBS.— (Continued.) THIRD AND FOURTH CONJUGATIONS. 183. Rule of Syntax. — The deponents utor, fruor, fungor, potior, vescor and their compounds take the ablative: Plurimls rebus fruimur et utimur, we enjoy and use very many things. Magna prceda potltus est, he obtained great booty. Lacte et came vesce- bantur, they lived upon milk and flesh. Compare the translation of these examples with the Latin. 184. Rule of Syntax. — Verbs of remembering and forgetting take the genitive or accusative: Meminit prateritorum, he remembers the past. Memineram Paullum, I remembered Paullus. Oblltus sum met, I have forgotten myself. Totam causam oblltus est, he forgot the whole case. Reminisci virtutis, to remember virtue. Ea reminiscere , remember those things. Flagitiorum recordari, to recollect base deeds. Triumphos recordari, to recall triumphs. 185. Neuter pronouns and adjectives are commonly put in the accusative after such verbs. 186. Review the passive indicative, imperative and infinitive of the third and fourth conjugations. Vocabulary. 35. Abutor, abuti, abusus sum, dep., intr abuse, misuse. Adiplscor, adiplsci, adeptus sum, dep., tr. . . .get, obtain, secure. Adjuvo, 1, -avi, -Stum, tr aid, assist. Consilium, -I, N plan, counsel, advice. Contra, prep. w. ace against, contrary to. Contra, adv on the contrary, on the other hand. Cutis, -is, F skin, complexion. Cyathus, -I, M small cup, wine-glass. Do, dare, dedi, datum, tr give. Fruor, frul, fruitus and fructus sum, dep., intr. enjoy. Galla, -ae, F oak-apple, gall-nut. Medius, -a, -um, adj middle, intermediate, me- dium. Obllviscor, obllvlsci, oblltus sum, dep., tr. and intr forget. Oleo, 2, -ui, intr emit a smell, smell of, smack Digitized by Microsoft® '' DEPONENT VERBS. 127 Potior, -in, Itus sum, dep., intr get possession of, enjoy. Proavus, -5, M great-grandfather, ancestor. Pulpamentum, -I, N a dainty bit, dainty food. Rapum, -!, N turnip. Ratio, -orris, F reason, method, plan, course. Recordor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep., tr. and intr. recall, recollect. Sequor, 3, sequi, secutus sum, dep., tr follow, come after. Tus and thus, -tins, F frankincense. Utor, 3, utl, usus sum, dep., intr use, employ. Vescor, 3, -i, dep., intr feed upon, subsist upon. Exercise. 77. 1. Roman! multis remediis utebantur quibus nos quoque utimur. 2. Haec duo remedia Celsi recordor. 3. "Ad lateris dolores finiendos,* piperis, aristolochiag, nardi, myrrhse pares portiones" (recipe). 4. "Vocem adjuvat turis drachma ex duSbus cyathls vini data." 5. ^Egrotus medicum non oblivls- cetur cujus consilio ssepe fructus est. 6. Sapiens medicus re- cordabitur medicamenta antiquSrum et optimis utetur. 7. Num oblivlscetur ea remedia quibus Celsus utebatur? 8. Celsus ad cutem purgandam hoc prasscriptum dedit. 9. "Cutem pur- gat mel, sed magis, si est cum galla, vel ervo, vel lenticula, vel marrubio, vel iride, vel ruta, vel nitr5, vel asrugine." 10. ST autem hoc prasscriptum RSmanarum mulierum cutem purgabat, nonne nostra? utentur? 11. Immo ver5 eo, et omnibus aliis, et veteribus et novis, utentur et fruentur. Exercise. 78. 1. The old physician often uses old remedies, not because they are best, but because they are old. 2. He easily remembers the old, but soon forgets the new. 3. He enjoys a formula of Celsus because it smacks f of the wisdom of the ancients. 4. The young physician, on the other hand, likes to use all the new remedies. 5. The new are best because they are the latest. 6. He often abuses Celsus and all his prescriptions. 7. Yet he will probably never attain the honor of the man whom he abuses. 8. The best course is the intermediate one. 9. He who follows the middle course will get possession of the business. 10. He will live on dainties,J they on turnips. * Ad finiendos, for ending. t Sapientiam antlquorum olet. % On dainties, by means of dainties. What case? Digitized by Microsoft® 128 NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. CHAPTER XXXVII. 187. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. Cardinals. 1. unus, una, unum 2. duo, du£e, duo 3. tres, tria 4. quattuor 5. qulnque 6. sex 7. septem 8. octo 9. novem 10. decern 11. un decim 12. duodecim 13. tredecim * 14. quattuordecim 15. quln decim 16. sedecim* 17. septendecim 18. duodevlgintl t 19. undevlgintl 20. viginti / viginti unus l unus et viginti ( viginti duo 22. = <■ duo et viginti 28. duodetrlginta 29. undetrlginta 30. triginta 40. quadraginta 50. quinquaginta. 60. sexaginta 70. septuaginta. 80. octoginta 90. nonaginta 100. centum Ordinals. primus, first secundus, second tertius, third quartus, fourth quintus, fifth sextus Septimus octavus nonus decimus undecimus duodecimus tertius decimus quartus decimus quintus decimus sextus decimus Septimus decimus duodevicesimus iindevlcesimus vicesimus vicesimus primus unus et vicesimus vicesimus secundus alter et vicesimus duodetricesimus undetrlcesimus trlcesimus quadragesimus quinquagesimus sexagesimus septuagesimus octogesimus nonagesimus centesimus Distributives. singuli, one by one, one each binl, two by two, two each term (trinl), three each, etc. quaterni quini sen! septenl octoni noveni denl undeni duodeni ternl denl quaterni deni quini denl sen! denl septeni deni duodeviceni undevlcenl vlcenl vicenl singuli singuli et vicenl vlcenl bin I binl et vlcenl duodetrlcenl undetrlcenl triceni quadrageni quinquageni sexagenl septuageni octogenl nonageni centeni * Sometimes with the parts separated: "decern et tres," etc. t Literally, two from twenty, etc. Digitized by Microsoft® NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 129 101. f centum unus •-centum et unus centesimus primus centenl singull centesimus et primus centenl et singull 200. ducenti, -te, -a ducentesimus duceni 300. trecentl trecentesimus treceni 400. quadringentl quadringentesimus quadringenl 500. quingenti qumgentesimus qulngenl 600. sescentl sescentesimus sescenl 700. septingenti septingentesimus septingenl 800. octingentT octingentesimus octingenl 900. nongenti nongentesimus nSngeni IOOO. mllle millesimus singula mllia 2000. duo mllia bis millesimus blna mllia 100,000. centum mllia centies millesimus centena milia ,000,000. decies centena mllia decies centies millesi- decies centena ml- mus lia 188. Cardinal numbers answer the question how many? Ordi- nals, which in order? 189. The cardinals from quattuor to centum, inclusive, are inde- clinable. 190. Unus is declined like bonus, except that it has the genitive and dative singular limits, tan, like alius (35). 191. Duo and tres are thus declined: Duo, two. Tres, three. N., duo, dua?, duo. tres, M. andF. : , tria, N G., duorum, duarum, duorum. trium, trium. D., duobus, duabus, duobus. tribus, tribus. Ac. , duos, duo, duas, duo. tres, tria. v., duo, duas, duo. tres, tria. Ab ., duobus, duabus, duobus. tribus, .tribus. 192. The hundreds, ducenti, etc., are declined like the plural of fluidus. 193. Mllle is indeclinable in the singular, and is regularly an adjective, but sometimes a noun; adj., mille homines, a thousand men; n., mllle hominum, a thousand (of) men. The plural is a neuter noun declined nom., ac, voc, milia or mlllia; gen., milium or millium; dat., abl., milibus or millibus; and is gen- erally used with a genitive plural: tria mllia hominum, three thousand men {three thousands of men). 194. The ordinals are declined like fluidus. 195. The distributives are used to show the number of objects taken at a time, and are often best rendered by adding to the car- 9 Digitized by Microsoft® l$0 NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. dinal each or apiece; temos denarios acceperunt, they received each three denarii, or three apiece. They are declined like the plural of fluidus. 196. Numeral adverbs answer the question how often? semel, once; bis, twice; ier, thrice, etc. 197. The Partitive Genitive designates the whole, of which a part is taken; medicince pars, a part of the medicine; nihil novl, nothing new (of new); nihil reliqui, nothing left (lit., of the rest); mcdicorum units, one of the physicians; quis vestrum, which of you? puerornm alter, one of the two boys. Vocabulary. 36. Cannabis, -is, F hemp. Crudus, -a, -um, adj crude, raw, fresh. Derive, 1, -avi, -atum, tr derive. Duplex, -icis, adj double, twofold. Indicus, -a, -um, adj Indian. Nonnullus, -a, -um, adj some one, some. Pertinax, -acis, adj very tenacious, grasping. Plerique, -seque, -aque, adj most. Plurimi, -33, -a, adj very many, the most. Plus, phiris, adj., comp. of multus . . . .more. Ve, conj., enclitic or; duo tresve, two or three. Vires, -ium, F. (plu. of vis) strength. Exercise. 79. 1. Tres quattuorve menses jam, mi discipule, pharmacopceiam pertractas: Quid scis de hac re? 2. Memoria mea non tenax est, praeceptor, et forsan multa oblitus sum. 3. Certe, mi puer, ista sunt; — "errare humanum est," etc.; nunc autem quaerere incipiam de pharmacopoeia ilia, cui quattuor menses operam dedisti. 4. Quot ofhcinalia abstracta sunt? 5. Undecim. 6. Qua in forma sunt? 7. Pulveres fere semper sunt; dimidiurn etiam medicamenti pondus, et duplices vires fluidorurn extrac- t5rum habent. 8. Recte, sed istud totum nondum qusero. Quot cerata sunt? 9. Octo cerata sunt, — cerata camphors, cantharidis, cer — . 10. "Satis, satis; — nomina eorum non quaero nunc." Quot coll5dia sunt? 11. Quattuor solum sunt. Nomen a collodes derivatur, significans similitudinem collse. 12. DerivatiSnes non quaero; — in quaestione te tene. 13. Suntne multae c5nfecti5nes et decocta officinalia? 14. Duas cujusque Digitized by Microsoft® NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 131 generis sunt. 15. Potesne nominare? 16. Confectiones rosas et sennas, decocta cetraria? et sarsaparillae sunt. 17. Quot ex- tracta sunt omnlno ? Triginta duo. Exercise. 80. 1 . Are the "solid extracts ' ' really solid ? 2 . A few of them are solid, but most of them are of pilular* consistence. 3. How many of the extracts are alcoholic? 4. Only three are called alcoholic, — the extracts of conium, belladonna and hyoscyamus. 5. The menstruum of the extract of conium is diluted alcohol. 6. The other two have two parts of alcohol and one part of water as their menstruum. 7. A few of the others also have as much f alcohol as these, or more. 8. What extracts have as much alco- hol as these? 9. The extracts of digitalis and leptandra have the same quantity of alcohol. 10. Why are only a few, and not all, called alcoholic? 11. Because we have also aqueous extracts of conium, belladonna and hyoscyamus, which are not official. 12. But hear this. The extracts of Iris, podophyllum and rhubarb have three parts of alcohol and one of water. 13. The extract of nux vomica has eight parts of alcohol and one of water. 14. The extracts of cannabis indica, mezereum and physostigma have a menstruum of pure alcohol, and yet none of these are called alco- holic. 15. Then why call any of them alcoholic ? 198. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Digitalis, from digitus, finger, because its flower resembles a finger. 2. Hyoscyamus , from the Greek words hys, a swine, and kya- mus, a bean, swine-bean — henbane, nightshade. 3. Parotis, from the Greek words para, beside, and ous, gen. otos, the ear — the largest gland under the ear. 4. Podophyllum, from the Greek words pous, gen. podos, the foot, and phyllon, a leaf, foot-leaf — so called from its shape. 5. Odontalgia, from the Greek odous, odontos, the tooth, and algos, pain — toothache. * Massce piluldrum spissitdtem habent. t Tantum alcoholis quantum hcBC, vel plus, habent. Digitized by Microsoft® 132 IRREGULAR VERBS. 6. Hydrotherapy, from the Greek hydor, water, and therapeia, medical treatment — the water cure.. 7. Spectroscope, from Latin spectrum, a spectre, and Greek skoped, I look upon. 8. Scalpelhim, from scalpere, to cut — a scalpel. CHAPTER XXXVIII. 199. IRREGULAR VERBS. Volo, velle, volul be willing, will, wish. Nolo, nolle, nolui be unwilling, will not. Malo, malle, malul ; be more willing, pre]er. INDICATIVE. Present Tense. volo, nolo, malo. vis, non vis, mavis, vult, non vult, mavult. volumus, nolumus, malumus. vultis, non vultis, mavultis. volunt, nolunt, malunt. Imperfect. volebam, nolebam, malebam. Future. volam, nolam, malam. Perfect. volul, nolul, malul. Pluperfect. volueram, nolueram, malueram. Future Perfect. voluero, noluero, maluero. SUBJUNCTIVE. Present Tense. velim, nolim, malim. veils, noils, mails, velit, nolit, malit. vellmus, nollmus, mallmus. velitis, nolitis, malitis. velint, nolint, malint. Digitized by Microsoft® IRREGULAR VERBS. 133 Imperfect. vellem, nollem, mallem. velles, nolles, malles. vellet, nollet, mallet. vellemus, nSllemus, niallemus. velletis, nolletis, malletis. vellent, nollent, Perfect. mallent. vohierim, noluerim , Pluperfect. maluerim. voluissem, noluissem, IMPERATIVE. Present. maluissem. (wanting) , noli, nolite. Future. (wanting) . (wanting) , nolito, etc., INFINITIVE. Present. (wanting) . velle, nolle, Perfect. ' malle. voluisse, noluisse, PARTICIPLE. Present. maluisse. volens, nolens, (wanting) . Learn the tenses of the indicative and infinitive of volo, nolo, and maid, and the imperative of nolo. Vocabulary. 37. Anglice, adv in English. Confiteor, -erf, -fessus sum, dep confess, acknowledge. Contumeliosus, -a, -urn, adj abusive. Elegans, -antis, adj elegant. Ignorantia, -ae, F ignorance. Ineptus, -a, -um, adj undisceming, absurd, foolish. Interpretatio, -onis, F interpretation, explanation. Ludo, 3, -si, -sum, intr play. Digitized by Microsoft® 134 IRREGULAR VERBS. Malo, malle, malm, be more willing, prefer, would rather. Mandatum, -T, N mandate, command, direction. Neglectus, -a, -um, part, adj neglected, despised. Nolo, nolle, nolm, be unwilling, will not. Postscrlptum, -I, N postscript. Remitto, 3, remlsl, remissum, tr send back, return. Ridiculus, -a, -um, adj laughable, ridiculous. Significatio, -orris, F signification, meaning. Signifies, 1, -avi, atum, tr signify, mean. Substituo, 3, -111, -utum, tr put under, substitute. Verto, 3, -ti, -sum, tr turn, translate. Vocabulum, -1, N word. V0I6, velle, volui, be willing, will, wish. Exercise. 81. 1. Quidam puer linguam Latinam diligenter discere n5lebat. 2. Ludere semper in schola, nunquam discere volebat. 3. Sapiens tamen videri malebat quam ignorantiam cSnfiteri. 4. In officlna domini mult5s errores faciebat. 5. Quondam ad omcinam, in qua ille labSrabat, hoc prsescriptum missum est: 6. R ■ — DecoctI cascarilte uncias sex, Tincturae ejusdem unciam unam. Misce. 7. N5lens ignorantiam confiteri praescriptum remisit, dicens, "Tincture ejusdem" non possum in urbe in venire! Quam aliam tinctiiram pr5 ea substituam?" 8. Alio tempore medicus pre- scripts addiderat hoc mandatum; — "Sum. more diet.," volens dicere, "sumendum more dicto"; to be taken in the manner di- rected. 9. Ille ineptus sic intellexit; some more diet. 10. Turn hanc interpretationem elegantiorem scripsit : "To be taken with a more liberal allowance of food." 11. Quis vestrum vult tarn in- eptus esse? Verbumsap* Exercise. 82. 1. I know a druggist who wishes to appear very wise. 2. He never learned Latin when a boy,| and is now unwilling to con- fess his ignorance. 3. He, therefore, often makes mistakes, both ludicrous and serious. 4. This is one of his ludicrous mistakes. * Verbum satis sapienti, a word to the wise is sufficient. oy 'dig¥ized by Microsoft® THE IRREGULAR VERB FERO. *35 5. A physician had prescribed linlmcntum terebinthinm, and among other directions, had added this: "Pro re nata." 6. Unwilling to ask the meaning of the words, he drew out * his neglected Latin books. 7. He soon found this: Pro, for; Res, thing; Natus, -a, -um, bom. 8. Now he understands it,— for the thing born. 9. But that is almost abusive. 10. He will turn it to English f in much more elegant style. J 11. So \ he adds to the prescription this postscript : 12." Rub the little infant with the liniment of turpentine." 13. Will any of our pupils make a similar mistake? 200. De Musto. Mustum si voles totum annum habere, in amphoram mustum indito, et corticem oppicato, demittito in piscinam. Post tri- cesimum diem eximito. Totum annum mustum erit. Cats mustum sic servabat. CHAPTER XXXIX. 201. THE IRREGULAR VERB Fero. Fero, ferre, lull, latum, bear, carry, endure. INDICATIVE. Active. Passive. Pres., fero, ferimus, feror, ferimur. fers, fertis, ferris or ferre, ferimini. fert, ferunt. fertur, feruntur. Imperf., ferebam. ferebar. Fut., feram. ferar. Perf., tuli. latus sum. Plup., tuleram. latus eram. Fut. Perf. , tulero. latus er6. SUBJUNCTIVE. Pres., feram. ferar. Imperf., fcrrem. ferrer. Perf., tulerim. latus sim. Plup., tulissem. t latus essem. * Drew out, prompsit. f To turn to English, anglice veriere. % In much more elegant style, mu'to elegant ius. § Itaque. Digitized by Microsoft® 136 THE IRREGULAR VERB FERO. IMPERATIVE. Pres., fer,* ferte. ferre, ferimim. Fut., ferto, fertote, fertor, ferto, ferunto. fertor, feruntor. INFINITIVE. Pres., ferre. fern. Perf., tulisse. latus (-a, -um) esse. Fut., laturus (-a, -um) esse. latum Irl. PARTICIPLES. Pres., ferens. Fut., laturus, -a, -um. Ger., ferendus, -a, -um. Perf., latus. GERUND. G., ferendi. Ac, ferendum. D., ferendo. Ab., ferendo. SUPINE. Ac, latum. Ab., lata. 202. Compare with inflection of re go (79, 80), and note that some forms of fero lack the connecting vowel, fere for fern, but that other forms follow the regular inflection of verbs of the third conjugation. 203. Compounds of fero are conjugated like the simple verb. Vocabulary. 38. Ad-fero or af-fero, ad-ferre or af -ferre, at-tull, 1 ^ ear t0 or { n „ ad-latum, tr > . ,, ., . f use, employ, give, ad- Adhibeo, 2, -ui, -ltum, tr < . . * I vmnister. Au-fer6, au-ferre, abs-tull, ab-latum [ab. (s)] , tr. . bear of}, carry away. Cancer, -crl, or cris, M cancer, ulcer. Con-fero, con-ferre, con-tuli, col-latum, tr bring together, collect. Se conferre betake one's self. Cresco, 3, -evi, -etum, intr grow, increase. Curatio, -onis, F cure, curing, taking care. Desldero, 1, -avl, -atum, tr wish, long for, need. Dif-fero, dif-ferre, dis-tull, di-latum (dis, apart), I bear apart, scatter, post- er. I pone, put off. Ef-fero, ef -ferre, ex-tull, el-atum [ex.], tr bear out, bring forth. Ex-sec6, 1, ex-secui, ex-sectum, tr cut out, cut away. In-sec6, 1, in-secuT, In-sectum, tr cut into, cut open. Longus, -a, -um, adj long, tedious. * For fere; died, duco, facio, fero have the imperative present, second singular, die, due, fac, fer. Digitized by Microsoft® THE IRREGULAR VERB FERO. 137 Miseria, -as, F misery, distress. Morior, morl, mortuus sum, dep die. Parotis, -idis, P a tumor of the parotid gland (its meaning in Class., not Med., Latin). Patienter, adv patiently, with patience. Primo, adv at first. Quamquam, conj although, though. Scalpellum, -I, N lancet, scalpel. Suf-fer5, suf-ferre, sus-tuli, sub-latum [sub.]. undergo, endure. Tumor, -oris, M tumor, swelling. Exercise. 83. 1. Aufert, aufertur. 2. Auferet, auferetur. 3. Abstulit, ab- litus est. 4. Conferre, conferri. 5. Conferunt, c5nferuntur. 6. Conferent, conferentur. 7. Contulerant, colli, t! erant. 8. Dis- tulerunt, dilati sunt. 9. Distulerit, dilatus erit. 10. Distulisse, dilatus esse. 11. Differebant, differebantur. 1. We bear, we are borne. 2. We were bearing, we were borne. 3. We have borne, we have been borne. 4. We shall bear, we shall be borne. 5. We had borne, we had been borne. 6. Bear thou, bear ye. 7. To offer, to be offered. 8. Ye shall offer, ye shall be offered. 9. To have offered, to have been of- fered. 10. Ye offer, ye will offer, n. Ye are offered, ye will be offered. 1. Parotis feminse miserae gravem dolorem adferebat. 2. Neque cataplasma neque emplastrum generis ulllus dolorem ab- stulit. 3. ^Egra morbum patienter ferre didicerat. 4. Interim autem tumor crescebat, et in dies dimcilius erat dolorem cres- centem sufferre. 5. Clarus chirurgus arcessitus est. 6. Primo, misers auxilium adferre, et tum5rem scalpello auferre, pasne timebat. 7. At postquam segrotae miseriam viderat auxilium el libenter obtulit. 8. Paululum chloroform! aegrotas adhibitum est, et turn chlrurgl benign! scalpellum insecuit tumorem et dolorem simul abstulit. 9. Quamquam curatio quae scalpel- lum postulabat per!cul5sa fuit, femina non mortua est 10. Chirurgus laetus domum se contulit. Exercise. 84. 1. Learn to endure severe pain with patience. 2. Learn to bear patiently what * cannot be changed. 3. The surgeon's *fSfrlNWt?Kflh &H/TMAam.<4iE(fiK©od. 138 IRREGULAR VERBS. knife brought aid to the weary patient. 4. Tedious to the sick is the delay which defers the time of cure. 5. Do not bring * a patient that which he does not want. 6. Country physicians usually carry from home f all their medicines with them. 7. The sick would rather J endure the surgeon's knife than§ the pain of disease. 8. To cut out a cancer is less painful than to bear it. 204. For Translation — Celsus de parotidibus. Haec (ulcera) in capite fere || medicamentis egent. Sub ipsis vero auribus oriri parotides solent ; modo ** in secunda valetu- dine, ibi inflammatione orta ft; modo ** post longas febres, ilhic impetu morbl converso.JJ Id abscessus genus est; itaque nul- lam novam curationem desiderat. Animadversionem tantum- modo hanc habet necessariam: quia si sine morbS id intumuit, primum reprimentium g§ experimentum est; si ex adyersa valetudine, illud inimicum est, maturarique et quam primum || || aperiri commodius est. CHAPTER XL. 205. IRREGULAR VERBS. Ed, ire, ii [ivi], itum, go. Flo, fieri, factus sum (used as pass, of facio), be made, become. INDICATIVE. Ed. Flo. Pres., eo, Imus. fio, fimus. is, itis. fis, fitis. it, eunt. fit, fiunt. * Do not bring, noli adferre. f To carry from home, auferre domd. t Would rather, malunt. § Quam. || Usually. ** Modo modo. — now now, at one time at another. tt Orta (prior, -Iri, etc.), inflammation having arisen there. %% The force of the disease being turned thither. §§ The first experiment or trial is of (drugs) which tend to repress it. || || Quam primum — as soon as possible. Digitized by Microsoft® IRREGULAR VERBS. 139 Imper ., ibam, fiebam. Fut., Ibo, flam. Perf., il (IvI), factus sum. Plup., ieram (Iveram), factus cram. Fut. Perf., iero (Ivero), factus ero. SUBJUNCTIVE. Pres., earn, flam. Imperf., irem, fiercm. Perf., ierim (Tverim), factus sim. Plup., iissem or Issem (Ivissem) . IMPERATIVE. factus essem. Pres., I, Ite, fi, fite. Fut., lto, Itote, lto, eunto. INFINITIVE. Pres., Ire, fieri. Perf., Isse (ivisse), factus (-a, -ran) esse. Fut., Pt?ttq iturus (-a, -ran) esse, PARTICIPLES. factum In. Fut., iturus, -a, -um, G., eundl. D., eundo. Ac, itum. GERUND. SUPINE. Ger., faciendus, -a, -um. Perf., factus. Ac, eundum. Ab., eundo. Ab., itfl. 206. The stem of ed, namely, i, is changed to e before a, o, u. 207. Compounds of ed generally form the perfect in it, instead of tvl. 208. The i of fid is long except when followed by er, and in fit. Learn the tenses of the indicative, the imperative and the pres- ent and perfect infinitive of ed and fid. Vocabulary. 39. Aer, aeris, M air, aimosphere. Ante-eo, -Ire, -il (-IvI), tr go before, surpass. Comparatlvus, -a, -um, adj. . .comparative, specific. Comperio, 4, -perl, -pertum.tr. . .ascertain, find out. Cuprum, -I, N copper. Digitized by Microsoft® 140 IRREGULAR VERBS. Diminutio, -onis, F diminution, decrease, loss. Ex-co, -Ire, -il (-IvI) , -itum, intr. go out, depart. Fragmen, -inis, N fragment, piece, bit. Gra vitas, -atis, F heaviness, weight. Hydrometrum, -I, N hydrometer, inst. for deter, sp.grav. of fluids. Intends, 3, -di, -turn, tr stretch, bend, apply. Liquidum, -1, N a liquid, flttid. Modus, -1, M measure, way, method, manner. Norma, -32, F rule, standard. Par, paris, adj equal. Philosophus, -1, M philosopher. Ratio, -onis, F reckoning, method, way, manner of doing. Regula, -ae, F rule. Exercise. 85. 1. Prasceptor et discipulus inter se colloquuntur. 2. P. Quot grana in fluids uncia sunt? 3. D. Quadringenta et quinquaginta et quinque et septies decima pars grani. 4. P. Bene. Nunc iterum responds : In uncia alcoholis quot grana sunt? 5. D. Numerum in memoriam revocare conabor. In alcoholis uncia fluida sunt, si memini recte, trecenta septuaginta tria grana et nonies decima pars gra.ni. 6. P. Recte meministi iterum. Alia quaestione te tentabo. Pondus paris mensura? aqua? est nSrma gravitatis. 7. P. Quomodo hac norma comparativam gravi- tatem alcoholis invenies ? 8. D. Communi reglua utar, et pondus alcoholis pondere paris mensuras aquae dividam. Nonne est hie modus rectus? 9. P. Rectus est, certe. At quis hunc modum invenit? 10. D. NesciS certe; forsan BenjamTnus Franklin, vel Franciscus Bacon, vel Christophorus Co — . 1 1 . P. "Satis sunt ista ; — conjectavisti satis." Archimedes erat vir qui hoc invenit, ille fere clarissimus omnium Grascorum philosophorum. 12. P. De illo leges posthac; nunc ad pensum redibimus. 13. Si studio animum intendes, cito scientia * anteibis plurimis, et peritissimus medicamentorum fies. 14. E schola primus et optimus fere omnium condiscipulorum exlbis. Exercise. 86. 1 . How do you find the specific gravity of a body heavier than water? 2. Divide the weight of the body in air by the decrease * What use of the abl. ? See 129. Digitized by Microsoft® IRREGULAR VERBS. 141 of weight in water. 3. The weight of a piece of copper in the air is 805^ grains; in water, 715^ grains; loss of weight, 90 grains. 4. What, then, is the specific gravity of copper? 5. How do you find the specific gravity of liquids ? 6. We find the specific grav- ity of liquids by means of various kinds of hydrometers. 7. The special name of an instrument indicates its use. 8. Lactometer is derived from the words lac, milk, and mctrnm, a measure, and means an instrument with which we measure the specific gravity of milk. 209. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Cliristophorus , Christopher, from Greek words Christos, Christ, and phero, I bear — Christ-bearer. 2. Aerophobia, from aer, air, and phobos, fear — air-fear; dread of the air. 3. Atrophy, from Greek a, not, and trepho, I nourish — the wasting away of tissue for want of nourishment. 4. Antispasmodic , from Greek anti, against, and spasmos, a spasm — a remedy for spasms. 5. Hydrometrum , from the Greek words hydor, water, and me- tron, measure — hydrometer. 6. Rhinoplasty, from Greek rhls, gen. rhinos, nose, and plassd, I form — formation of a (new) nose. 7. Hydromania, from hydor, and mania, madness — water mad- ness; insane desire to drown one's self. 8. Hydropneumonia, from hydor, and pneumon, lung — dropsy of the lungs. 9. LcEVOgyrate (adj.) , from Icevus, left, and gyro, I turn — " polar- izing to the left." 210. For Translation. Celsus de curatione vulneris quod per morsum serpentis in- fertur. Igitur in prfmis * super vulnus id membrum deligandum f est ; non tamen nimium vehementer, ne torpeat % ; dein venenum ex- trahendum est. Id cucurbitula optime facit ; neque alienum est, ante (= antea) scalpello circa, vulnus incldere, quo \ plus vitiatl * In prlmis, first. t Must t> e bound. % Lest it become torpid. § Quo, in order that. Digitized by Microsoft® 142 PREPOSITIONS. jam sanguinis extrahatur. Si cucurbitula non est, quod tamen vix incidere potest, turn quidlibet simile vas, quod idem possit.* Si ne id quidem est, homo adhibendus f est, qui J id vulnus exsugat. Quisquis id vulnus exsuxerit, et ipse tutus erit, et tutum hominem prastabit. CHAPTER XLI. PREPOSITIONS. 211. Thus far several prepositions have been used in the exer- cises, some followed by the accusative and some by the ablative. 212. Prepositions followed by the Ablative. A (before consonants) 1 . , ..,,,, / , , , r . . ■ away from, by. Ad, abs (before vowels and consonants) J Absque without. Coram in presence of. Cum with. De from, concerning. E (before consonants) i . , „ ,, , . ' . . } out of, from. Jix (before vowels and consonants) J Prae in front of, in compari- son with. Pro before, for. Sine without. Tenus (placed after the noun) as far as, up to. 213. In, meaning into, to, after verbs of motion, and also when meaning towards and for, takes the accusative. 214. In, meaning in, on, at, after verbs of rest, takes the abla- tive. 215. Sub, under, up to, after verbs of motion, takes the accusa- tive; after verbs of rest, the ablative. 1 . Subter, under, and super, over, sometimes take the ablative. 216. All prepositions, except the ten mentioned, and in, sub, subter, and super, are followed by the accusative only. * Which is able to do the same thing. t A man must be employed. J Qui exsugat, to suck out. Digitized by Microsoft® PREPOSITIONS. 143 217. Expressions of Place. Examine the following: 1 . In Italia in Italy. 2. In monte on the mountain. 3. Ad montem to the mountain. 4. De castris from the camp. 5. In castra to (or, into) camp. 6. Ab urbe from the city. 7. Fugit Corintho he fled from Corinth. 8. CorinthI at {in) Corinth. 9 Athenis, (nom. Athenae) at {in) Athens. 10. Syracusis (nom. Syracusse) at {in) Syracuse. 11. Carthagine or -I at {in) Carthage. 12. Romffi at {in) Rome. 13. Romam to Rome. 14. Roma from Rome. 15. CyprI in Cyprus. 218. Observe the ways of denoting the place in, on, at, to, from which. 219. Rule of Syntax. — The names of places not towns or small islands are generally put : (1) In the accusative with ad or in to denote the place to which. (2) In the ablative with ab, de, or ex, to denote the place from which. (3) In the ablative with in, to denote the place at or in which. 220. The names of towns and small islands are put : (1) In the accusative, to denote the place to which. (2) In the ablative, to denote the place from which. (3) In the ablative, to denote the place at or in which. See 217, 9 and 10. But names of towns and a few other words in the singular of the first, second, and third declensions are in the locative case, which in the first and second declensions has the ending of the genitive, in the third declension e or i. See 217, 8, 11, 12, 15. (4) Domus, home, house, and rus, the country, have the same construction as the names of towns. These words have the loca- tive forms doml, at home ; ruri, in the country. 221. Rule of Syntax. — Cause is expressed by the ablative without a preposition: Aeger erat vulneribus, he was ill because of his wounds. Digitized by Microsoft® 144 prepositions. Vocabulary. 40. yEgrotatio, -onis, F sickness. Antipyreticus, -a, -um, adj antipyretic, tending to drive away fever. Ars, artis, F art. Cerebralis, -e, adj cerebral, pertaining to the brain. Familia, -as, F family, household. Obsoletus, -a, -um, adj ' old, worn out. Palus, -udis, F marsh, bog. Recipio, 3,-cepi, -eeptum, (re+capio) | ^ ^ ^ again tr ) Se recipere to betake one's self, to return. Red-e5, 4, -ii, -itum, intr return, come back. Rus, runs, N country. Tanacetum, -1, N tansy. Tectum, -I, N covering, roof, house. Typhus, -1, M typhus fever. Typhus abdominalis, or T. entericus typhoid fever. Vallis, -is, F a valley. Vesper, -is, M evening star, the evening. Viso, 3, visl, visum, tr see, visit. Xanthoxylum, -I, N prickly ash, xanihoxylum. Exercise. 87. 1. Estne juvenis medicus domi? 2. Non doml est; rus iit primo mane. 3. Vetus medicus autem, pater juvenis, domi est; is artem in urbe semper exercet. 4. Juvenis ad urbem vespere se recipiet. 5 . Multa genera medicamentSrum secum ex urbe rus extulit. 6. Mult5s segros ruri vult visere antequam in urbem redit. 7. Omnis fere familia inter paludes habitans febrem intermittentem habet. 8. His segrotis quinlnam, cinch5ninam, et aliSrum antipyreticorum magnas doses dat. 9. Mulier vetula, quae in tecto obsoleto habitat, rheumatismo acuto laborat. 10. Ei primum magnesias sulphatis, et opiT plenas doses dabit ; deinde magnas quoque doses quininas sulphatis, et acidorum sulphuricl et salicylic!. Exercise. 88. 1. There is more * sickness in the country now than in the city. 2. Five doctors went out from the city to the country this morn- ing.f 3. In a little mountain J valley one doctor has sixteen * Plus with gen. t This morning, hodie mane. % Mountain valley, valley of the mountains. Digitized by Microsoft® PREPOSITIONS. 145 patients sick with typhoid fever.* 4. Among the marshes every family is suffering with intermittent fever.* 5 . The careful physi- cian will probably carry from home nitric acid, sulphuric acid, subnitrate of bismuth, cascarilla, cinchona, Colombo, quinine, quassia, gentian, eupatorium, lupulin, salicin, serpentaria and perhaps other tonics. 6. Most of these tonics and febrifuges are found in the fields and woods. 7. Wahoo, prickly ash, tansy and many similar tonics grow in the country. 222. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Antipyreticus, from atiti, against, and pyr, fire — a febrifuge. 2. Astigmatism, from Greek a, not, and stigma, a point — irregu- lar refraction of the eye, in which the rays are not brought to a focus. 3. Typhus, from the Greek word typhos, smoke, cloud — stupor arising from fever — typhus fever. 4. Strabismus , from Greek strabizo, to squint — squinting, cross- eye. 5. Enterotyphus , from Greek enteron, intestine, and typhos — fever of the intestines. 6. Hemiopsia, from Greek hemi, half, and dps, an eye — a defect of vision in which only half of an object is seen. 7. Xanthoxylum, from Greek words xanthos, yellow, and xylon, wood — yellow- wood, prickly ash. 8. Xanthopsis, from xanthos, yellow, and opsis, vision — yellow- vision, as sometimes occurs in jaundice. 9. Xanthorrhiza, from xanthos, yellow, and rhiza, root — yellow- root. 10. Xanthilria, from xanthos, and ouron, urine. FOR TRANSLATION. 223. Celsus de Emplastrts. Ex emplastris f autem nulla majorem usum prsestant, quam quae cruentis protinus vulneribus injiciuntur. Haec enim repri- munt inflammationem, atque illius quoque impetum minuunt, turn glutinant vulnera quss id patiuntur, cicatrfcem ilsdem J in- ducunt. Constant autem ex medicamentis non pinguibus. *See 221. t But of plasters. 1 And draw_the.jiewJy formed skijL_pver the same. Digitized by Microsoft® 146 THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD — IN DEPENDENT CLAUSES. Optimum ex his est, quod barbarum vocatur. Habet asruginis rasas * duodecim drachmas, spumae argentl viginti drachmas, ahiminis, picis aridae, resinae pmees arid as, singulorum unam drachmam, quibus adiciuntur olei et acetl singulae f heminae. CHAPTER XLII. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD— IN DEPENDENT CLAUSES. "SEQUENCE OF TENSES.— CLAUSES OF PURPOSE. 224. Learn the subjunctive, active and passive, of amo, moneo, rego and audio. 225. Observe the similarity of form in the corresponding tenses of the subjunctive mood in the four conjugations. 226. The most common use of the subjunctive is in dependent clauses, and this use will be presented first. 227. In dependent clauses the tenses of the subjunctive con- form to the following rule : 228. Rule of Syntax. — Principal tenses are followed by principal tenses: historical by historical. 229. Examine carefully the following examples: 1. Vide5 quid facias, feceris, facturus sis 4 I see what you are doing, have done, are going to do. 2. VidI quid facias, feceris, facturus sTs.J I have seen what you are doing, have done, are going to do. 3. Videbo quid facias, feceris, facturus sis,f / shall see what you are doing, have done, are going to do. 4. ViderS quid facias, feceris, facturus sis,{ / shall have seen what you are doing, have done, are going to do. 230. Notice that in the independent clauses of these examples the present, the present perfect (the perfect with have or has), the future and future perfect are used, and in the dependent clauses the present and perfect subjunctive. * Of scraped verdigris. t Singula hemlncF, a half pint each. % This is the present tense of the active periphrastic conjugation, meaning you are aboj^o.^ foy Mjcmsoft@ THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD IN DEPENDENT CLAUSES. 147 231. These deal with present and future time and are called principal tenses. 232. Examine also the following: 1. Videbam quid faceres, fecisses, facturus esses. / saw what you did, had done, were going to do. 2. Vidl quid faceres, fecisses, facturus esses. I saw what yon did, had done, were going to do. 3. Videram quid faceres, fecisses, facturus esses. / had seen what you did, had done, were going to do. 233. Observe that in the independent clauses of these examples the imperfect, the historical perfect (the perfect without have or has), and the pluperfect are used, and in the dependent clauses the imperfect and pluperfect subjunctive. 234. These deal with past time and are called the historical tenses. 235. You will also observe that the subjunctive in all these ex- amples is translated like the indicative. CLAUSES OF PURPOSE. 236. Rule of Syntax. — Ut is used with the subjunctive to ex- press a positive purpose, and ne, a negative purpose; they may be variously translated. Examine the following: — Mger capit medicamentum ut convalescat, The patient takes medicine that he may get well, in order that he may get well, so that he may get well, to get well, for the purpose of getting well. Alius capit medicamentum ne aeger sit, Another takes medicine that he may not be sick, in order not to be sick, so that he may not be sick, so as not to be sick, for the purpose of not being sick, lest he be sick. Exercise. 89. 1. Hie edit ut vivat, ille vivit ut edat. 2. Hie discipulus venit inscholamut discat, ille ut ludat. 3. Cura, puer, ne ludas potius quam studeas, et nihil discas. 4. Pensum hodiernum est de calore. Cur dehac re nihil didicisti? 5. Domo exii ut cum amlc5 studerem, sed amicus exierat ut piscaretur, et ego nolens studere solus eum secutus sum. 6. Neglexistme igitur studium ut pisca- reris? 7 . Non ut ^^^ed^d^g^S quaarerem ex condis- 148 THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD — IN DEPENDENT CLAUSES. cipulo. 8. Beneintellego: At quid cepisti ? 9. Nil. 10. Quid? Nil cepisti? Totum diem piscabaris et nil piscium cepisti, — et nil de cal5re didicisti! Pudetmetui! Valde time5, vagabunde, ne damno tuo de calore discas posthac ! n. Hue venturus eras * hodie ut disceres et recitares de oct5 rebus in arte medicamen- taria postulantibus vehementissimum calorem. 12. Et tamen nil didicisti de ignitione, fusione, calcinatione, deflagratione, torrefactione, incineratione, et ceteris; — et nil piscium cepisti! 13. Culpam nunc video, magister, et confiteor, et supplex oro ut mihi ignoscas. 14. Cras studebo ut omnia de evaporatione, des- tilla.ti5ne, desiccatione, exsiccatione, granulati5ne, sublimatione discam, et pisces non capiam. 15. Bona promissa. Cura, ne frangas. Tibi ignoscam cum hac admonitione : — Quandocunque aufugis a schola ut pisceris, prSvide ut capias, vel aliquid n5n jucundum exspecta.. Exercise. 90. 1. Yesterday, my boy, you ran away from school to go fishing. 2. To-day I intend to ask you a few questions f in order to test your knowledge of the subject which we are studying. 3. What is distillation? 4. Distillation is the separation of one liquid from another by vaporization and condensation, the volatile J part being the object sought. 5. What is sublimation? 6. Sublimation is the process \ of distilling volatile solids. 7. Why do druggists often dry || medicinal substances ** ? 8. They do this to preserve ft them, to reduce their bulk, { J to facilitate \\ their comminution. 9. Your answers are correct, boy, but where are your fish ? * Venturus, you were coming, lit. about to come. f d te pauca quarere. %Volatill parte petitd. § Omit process of, and render destillatio solidorum voldtilium. || Exsiccant. ** Res. ft Ut conservent. JJ Ut eas minuant. §§ Ut comminutionem edrum faciliorem faciant. Digitized by Microsoft® THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD — CLAUSES OF PURPOSE. 149 CHAPTER XLIII. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.— CLAUSES OF PURPOSE. 237. Learn the subjunctive of sum (37, 3) and its compounds (i75-i77)- 238. Rule of Syntax. — Purpose is also often expressed in Latin by means of a relative pronoun followed by the subjunctive: Misit filium qui medicum cSnsuleret, he sent his son to consult the physician. 239. Rule of Syntax. — The ablative is often used to denote a characteristic or quality. When thus used it is modified by an adjec- tive or a genitive : summd virtiite juvenis, a young man of the highest virtue; Medicus magno rerum usu, a physician of great experience . 1. This is sometimes called the descriptive ablative. 240. Rule of Syntax. — The genitive is also used to express characteristic or quality: medicamentum magni pretii, medicine of great value; vir maxim! consilii, a man of very great prudence. Vocabulary. 41. Cribrum, -I, N sieve. Culter, -tri, M knife. FebrJlis, -e, adj producing fever. Flexilis, -e, adj -flexible. Insequalis, -e, adj unequal, uneven. Ingredior, -di, -gressus sum, dep., tr. and intr enter, begin. Lamina, -as, F plate, blade, layer. Macula, -as, F ■ spot, mesh in net or sieve. Metior, -Iri, -mensus, sum, dep. tr measure. Mola, -as, F mill. Tenuitas, -atis, F fineness, thinness. Exercise. 91. 1. Agricola misit puerum qui medicum arcesseret. 2. Medicus arcessltus est qui agricola? filiam viseret. 3. Medicus ipse non venit, sed remisit hoc pragscriptum quod segram sanaret: 4. " Siimat * asgra quinlnas qulndecim grana antequam paroxysmus febrilis ingreditur. " 5. Mola medicamentaria est instrumentum qu5 medicamenta comminuuntur. 6. Medicus servo dedit * Let the patient take. Digitized by Microsoft® 150 THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD — SUBSTANTIVE CLAUSES. pistillum et mortarium quibus medicamenta contunderet.* 7. Medicamentarii habent cribra inaequalibus maculis quae tenui- tatem pulverum metiantur. 8. Medicus spatula lamina lata et flexill utitur qua praeparationes moveant et misceant. 9. Agri- colse fllius in officinam venit qui magnesias citratis liquorem emeret. 10. Dominus misit adjutorem, juvenem parvo medi- camentorum usu,t qui liquorem pararet. 241. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Gingivitis, from gingiva, the gums, and -itis, a termination denoting inflammation — inflammation of the gums. 2. Calefacients, from calidus, warm, and facere, to make — sub- stances which excite warmth. 3. Desiccativa, from de, and siccare, to dry — external remedies which dry up the humors or moisture from a wound. 4. Piperoid, from piper, pepper, and eidos, form — having the form of, resembling pepper. 5. Hepatalgia, from Greek hepar, gen. hepatos, the liver, and algos, pain — pain in the liver. CHAPTER XLIV. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD— SUBSTANTIVE CLAUSES. Learn the subjunctive of void, fero, and ed (199, 201, 205). 242. A Substantive Clause is one that has the construction of a noun ; it is used as the subject or object of a verb, or in apposi- tion with a noun or neuter pronun. 243. Rule of Syntax. — Quln, why not, that not, introduces a substantive clause in the subjunctive after negative clauses de- noting hindrance, prevention, and doubt, and after questions implying a negative answer, as: Nihil impedit quln earn domum, nothing prevents me from going home; aegre abstinul quln dicer em, I hardly refrained from saying; non dubito quln sapiens sis, I do not doubt that you are * Sub. after rel. of purpose. f Of little experience in drugs. Digitized by Microsoft® THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD— SUBSTANTIVE CLAUSES. 151 wise; quid impedit quin earn domum? what hinders my going home? 1. Observe that in the examples, the negative disappears in the English translation. Exercise. 92. 2 . N5n est dubium quin dlscipulus studiosus sit. 2 . Non dubito quin possit legere hoc praescriptum ;— " Recipe, soda? sulphatis unciam cum semisse, sodas phosphatis unciam, syrupi rhamni drachmas quattuor, aquae menthae piperita? uncias sex." 3. Quid impedit quin medicamentarius spiritum camphoratum possit hac formula parare?—" Recipe, camphoras unciam imam, spiritus vim rectificati llbram unam. Mlsce." 4. Non dubium est quin aliquis hac formula uti possit. 5. Hie puer non dubitat quin hsec sit formula recta ad spiritum lavandulas parandum * ; — "Recipe, florum lavandulae llbram unam, spiritus vim rectificati Hbras quattuor, aquae fontanae quantum sufficit. Post macera- tionem per viginti quattuor horas destlllando elice hbras quat- tuor." Exercise. 93. 1. What prevents the boy from being studious? 2. Nothing prevents him from being studious. 3. There is no doubt that he can turn this prescription to Latin: — "Take a drachm of the tincture of opium, six ounces of the mucilage of acacia, two drachms of the spirit of nitrous aether. Mix." 4. I do not doubt that he can repeat in Latin the formula for preparing * the tincture of cascarilla. 5. "Take five ounces of bruised bark of cascarilla, two pounds of rectified spirit of wine; macerate, ex- press and filter." 244. Rule of Syntax. — Many verbs signifying to please or dis- please, benefit or injure, command or obey, serve, resist, believe, persuade, envy, threaten, pardon, and the like, take the dative: As, Prosunt sibi, they benefit themselves; placet mihi, it pleases me; nocet amico, he injures his friend; paret legl, he obeys the law; persuadet mihi, he persuades me; crede mihi, believe me. 245. Rule of Syntax. — Substantive clauses with ut, ne, and the subjunctive are used as the object of verbs meaning to admonish, request, command, persuade, permit, etc. * Ad parandum, for preparing. Digitized by Microsoft® 152 the subjunctive clauses of result. Exercise. 94. 1. Me hortatur ut earn. 2. Eos hortamur ut ferant. 3. Mihi imperas ut earn. 4. Mihi imperavit ut irem. 5. Mihi persuadet ne earn. 6. Non est dubium quin velint; voluerint. 7. Nemo dubitabat quin vellent; voluissent. 8. Ei persuasi ut leg! pare- ret. 9. Non dubium erat quin mihi paruisset. 10. Imp era vi ut amicus Tret. 1. He commands that we go; bear; be borne. 2. There is no doubt they will go. 3. He persuaded me to believe. 4. I had commanded him to go. 5. There is not doubt of his having gone. CHAPTER XLV. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.— CLAUSES OF RESULT. 246. Rule of Syntax. — The subjunctive is used with ut and qui, negative ut non, qui non, to denote result. Examine the follow- ing: 1. Nitricum acidum est tarn forte ut ferrum exedat, nitric acid is so strong that it eats away iron. 2. Tanta vis veneni fuit ut virum statim interficeret, so great was the strength of the poison that it killed the man immediately. 3. Nemo est tarn senex qui se annum non putet posse vivere, no one is so old as not to think he can live a year. 247. Rule of Syntax. — Substantive clauses with ut, negative ut non, are used: 1. As the object of verbs of doing, accomplishing, and the like: Gra vitas morbi facit ut medicma egeamus, the severity of the dis- ease makes us need medicine. 2. As the subject of impersonal verbs meaning it happens, it follows, it remains, etc. : Accidit ut medicus non veniret, it hap- pened that the physician, did not come. 248. Examine the following: 1. Timeo ut medicus veniat, / fear that the doctor will not come or is not coming. Digitized by Microsoft® THE SUBJUNCTIVE— CLAUSES OF RESULT. 153 2. Timeo ut medicus venerit, I fear the doctor has not come. 3 . Timebam ut medicus venisset , / feared the doctor had not come. 4. TimeS ne veniat, / fear that he is coming or will come. 5. TimeS ne venerit, / fear that he has come. 6. Timul ne venisset, / feared that he had come. 249. Observe that after verbs of fearing, ut is translated that not, and ne, that. Vocabulary. 42. Aquffiductus, -us, M aqueduct. Aufugio, 3, -fugi, fugitum, intr. . .flee, run away. Ccelum, -I, N sky, heaven. Colluvies, -el, F filth, dirt, washing together of filth. Contagiosus, -a, -um, adj contagious. Decido, 3, -idi, , intr fall down, fall from. Definio, 4, -Ivi, -Ttum, tr define. Fractura, -a;, F fracture, crack. Gelus, -us, M., or gelum, -I, N. . . .frost, cold. Germen, -inis, N germ. Investlgo, 1, -a vi, -atum, tr trace out, find. Levigatio, -onis, F levigation, trituration of moist substances. Necesse est (w. subj., w. or with- 1 . . out ut) f' tts necessar y- Perterreo, 2, -tti, -itum, tr frighten greatly, terrify. Pestilens, -entis, adj pestilent, deadly. Pestis, -is, F pestilence, plague, epidemic. Rigidus, -a, -um, adj stiff, severe, hard. Exercise. 95. 1. Accidit ut multT in quadam urbe periculose segri simul fierent. 2. Tarn multl asgrl erant ut valid! aggros non possent curare. 3. Nonnulli timebant ne morbus esset febris fiava, cho- lera Asiatica, vel aliqua alia pestis mortifera. 4. Tarn pestilens erat morbus ut coerceri nullis remedils posset. 5. Mox cives ita perterriti sunt ut omnes, qui poterant, urbe aufugerent. 6. Run manebant donee gelus tam rigidus decidit e ccelo ut omnia germina morbl interficeret. 7. Secutum * est ut causam pestis investigarent. 8. Vis morbl fecerat ut hasc investigatiS acrior esset. 9. Multis aqua in aquasductu. impura visa est. 10. Quid effecit ut imptira esset? 11. Fractura effecerat ut colluvies cloacas in aquaeductum infunderet. 12. Tota urbs etiam tam immunda fuit ut valetudo civium non posset bona esse. * It followed, or the next thing was. Digitized by Microsoft® 154 THE SUBJUNCTIVE CUM. i. It happened that levigation was under discussion.* 2. What is levigation, inquired the master. 3. It was necessary that some one should define the word. 4. The teacher asked f many to define it, but they were unable. 5. At last it was defined as follows :{ 6. Levigation is the perfect trituration of moist substances. \ 250. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Colluvies, from colluere, to wash thoroughly, wash out — washings, filth. 2. Collutorium, from colluere, to wash, and os, mouth — a mouth-wash. 3. Contagiosus, from cum, with, and tangere, to touch, touching together — contagious. 4. Pestiferous, from pestis, pest, and ferre, to bear — pest-bear- ing. CHAPTER XLVI. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.— CUM. 251. Cum is used with the subjunctive in three kinds of de- pendent clauses, temporal, causal and adversative (concessive). 252. Rule of Syntax. — Cum temporal, meaning when or while, takes the imperfect or pluperfect in the subjunctive when the principal verb is in a past tense, to mark the time of the action in the principal clause, as: 1 . Cum medicus venisset, asger convaluerat, when the physician had come, the patient had recovered. 2. Cum agger febri laboraret, medicus venit, while the patient was suffering from fever, the physician came. 253. Rule of Syntax. — Cum causal, meaning since, takes the subjunctive after all tenses: as, — Cum omnia fere medicamenta stomachum lasdant, since nearly all drugs injure the stomach. 254. Rule of Syntax. — Cum adversative, meaning though, takes the subjunctive after all tenses: as, — Cum tu non intellegas, tamen verum est, although thou dost not {you do not) understand it, yet it is true. * Ut de levigatione disputdreiur. t See 245. J Sic. § Madidarum rerum. Digitized by Microsoft® THE SUBJUNCTIVE — CUM. x eg Vocabulary. 43. Aliquot, indecl. adj several, a few, not many. Auctus, -us, M increase, growth. Benzinum, -I, N benzine. Bisulphidum, -I, N bisulphide. Chartaceus, -a, -um, adj of paper, paper. Clarificatio, -onis, F clarification. Colatura, -33, F filtration, the substance strained. Consldo, 3, consedl, consessum, intr sit down, take a seat. Cum, conj when, since, though. Diuturnus, -a, -um, adj of long continuance, long. Elasticus, -a, -um, adj elastic, stretching. Fermentum, -1, N leaven, cause of ferment. Fluor, -oris, M fluidity, flowing, flux. Gelatlnum, -1, N gelatin. Interventio, -onis, F intervention. Pulpa, -ae, F pulp. Pulverizo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize. Redigo, 3, -egi, -actum (re and ago) , tr. . . drive back, reduce. Sedimentum, -I, N settling, sinking down, sediment. Exercise. 96. 1. Cum magister consedisset, multa ex dlscipulis quaesivit. 2. Quomodo " interventions " quaedam genera medicamentorum pulverizatis ? 3. Cum nemo alius respondere posset, hoc re- sponsum dedit parva puella: 4. Pulverizare aliquam rem "in- terventiSne," est earn rem in pulverem redigere usu. alius rei, — ut camphoram usu alcoholis. 5. Cum pueri hoc resp5nsum clarum audivissent, Ignorantiae eos valde puduit. 6. Turn magister iterum quaesivit : Cum aliquot res medicamentariae vim solvendi * habeant, quae optimae sunt ordine? 7. Cum unus puerresponsumsclret.tamen tacebat pudoref ! 8. Eadem puella, cum permodesta esset, tamen clara, voce respondit: Res, quae vim solvendi habent * hoc in ordine nominamus,— aqua, alcohol, glycerinum, aether, benzinum, chloroformum, bisulphidum car- bonei, acida, olea. 9. Cum sic puella respondisset, omnes ill! pueri aures erexerunt, quasi illud responsum suum etiam fuisset. 10. Turn iterum magister: Quae bisulphidum carbonel et benzi- num solvent? 11. Bisulphidum carbonel gummi elasticum et similia optime solvet; benzinum, olea, pingues res, et similes. *Lit., have the power of dissolving; are solvents. f See 221. Digitized by Microsoft® 156 the subjunctive. Exercise. 97. 1. Since you are all here to learn, answer without delay. 2. What does clarification mean ? 3. Though perhaps several mod- est pupils knew, no one answered. 4. What? Does no one know a method of separating * solid from liquid substances without filtration? 5. When he had waited a short time, he said: 6. "Since you cannot answer, I will tell you. 7. There are eight principal methods of clarification without filtration: — by heat, by increase of fluidity, by the use of albumen, by the use of gela- tin, by the use of milk, by paper pulp, by fermentation, and by long-continued settling. 8. Remember these methods." 255. For Translation {Extracts from Seneca). 1. Nihil asque sanitatem impedit quam remediorum crebra mutatio. N5n venit vulnus ad cicatricem, in qu5 medicamenta temptantur. 2. Fastidientis stomach! f est multa degustare, qua?, ubi varia sunt et diversa, inquinant, non alunt. 3. Non perveni ad sanitatem, neque perveniam quidem: de- lenimenta magis quam remedia podagrae meas compono, conten- tus, si rarius accedit et si minus verminatur. Vestris quidem pedibus comparatus debilis cursor sum. CHAPTER XLVII. THE SUBJUNCTIVE.— (Continued.) INDIRECT QUESTIONS. 256. Rule of Syntax. — Indirect questions take the subjunctive, as: Direct. 1. Ubi es? where are you? 2. Ubi eras? where were you? Indirect. 1 . Scio ubi sis ? / know where you are. 2. Scii ubi esses / knew where you were. * Modum separandi solidas a liquidis rebus. f It is characteristic of a dainty appetite. Digitized by Microsoft® THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 157 Examine the following: 1. Scio ubi sis, fueris, / know where you are, have been, or were. 2. Sciam ubi sis, fueris, / shall know where you are, have been , or were. 3. Scii ubi sis, fueris, / have known where you are, have been, or were. 4. ScierS ubi sis, fueris, / shall have known where you are, have been, or were. 5. Sciebam ubi esses, fuisses, / knew where you were, had been. 6. Scii ubi esses, fuisses, / knew where you were, had been. 7. Scieram ubi esses, fuisses, / had known where you were, had been. 257. Observe that the indirect question is translated by the indicative. 258. Notice also how these examples illustrate the rule for the sequence of tenses. 259. An indirect question is a question that has lost its inter- rogative form by becoming dependent on some verb of asking, telling, knowing, perceiving, doubting, or the like. 260. Indirect questions are introduced by an interrogative pronoun, adjective, or adverb, or by num, ne; sometimes by si (to see if, whether) : rogo quern vlderis, I ask whom you saw; scio quot adfuerint, I know how many were present ; rogavi voluis- sentne, I asked whether they wished. (a) In indirect questions num does not show that a negative answer is expected. (b) Indirect double questions are introduced by the same particles as direct double questions (54): rogo utrum laudetur au culpetur, I ask whether he is praised or blamed ; quaeswit tune au frdter esset, he asked whether it was you or your brother. Vocabulary. 44. Amotio, -onis, F displacement, removal. Angustus, -a, -urn, adj narrow. Decantatio, -onis, F a pouring off, racking. Effectus, -us, M effect, power. Formo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr form, mould. Fundus, -1, M bottom. Lotio, -onis, F a washing. Maternus, -a, -um, adj maternal, mother. Digitized by Microsoft® 158 THE SUBJUNCTIVE. Praecipitatum, -5, N a precipitate. Saturatus, -a, -um, part, adj saturated, filled. Sedimen, -inis, N sediment. Sedo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr cause to settle, or sink. Solubilis, -e, adj soluble. Unde, adv whence. Vasum, -!, N vessel. Exercise. 98. 1. Hodie quaeremus qu5modo fluids res a solidis separentur. 2. Primum explicabimus quid in arte medicamentaria vocabu- lum lotto significet. 3. Medicamentarius liquidum solido ssepe superfundit ut partem solubilem eluat : hoc lotto appellatur. 4. Scisne quid decantatio sit? 5. Decantatio est effusio liquoris ut sedimen in fundo vasl relinquatur. 6. PaucI forsan clare in- tellegunt quid intersit inter prascipitatum et sedimen. 7. Cum quasreretur de crystallis, nem5 potuit dicere qua? esset origS eorum, vel utrum ex aridis an liquidis rebus pararentur. 8. Nemo sciit utrum crystalll pararentur fusione, subllmati5ne, an mami f abricarentur ! 9. Cum de his rebus facilibus nihil scirent, rogati sunt num possent explicare quid maternus liquor signifi- caret. 10. Maternus liquor, aliquis respondit, est liquidum quod manet postquam crystalll format! sunt. 11. Rectumne re- sponsum dederit conjectiira nescio. 12. Quid expressid significet vix necesse est explicare, et tamen explicabo. 13. Expressio est separati5 liquidorum a. solidis per vim. Exercise. 99. 1. Explain what a percolator is. 2. Tell us where you have seen a percolator. 3 . Do you remember what the liquid is called which comes from the percolator, saturated with the soluble part of the drug? 4. Explain, if you please, why percolation is also called displacement. 5. Do you know why a glass percolator is the best for common use? 6. When you are preparing fluid ex- tracts, explain why a tall, narrow percolator is desirable. 7. Explain why, when you percolate a drug, you ought to pour the moist powder through a coarse * sieve. * Cribrum maculls crassls. Digitized by Microsoft® INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT CLAUSES. 159 CHAPTER XLVIII. THE SUBJUNCTIVE— IN INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT CLAUSES. WISHES AND CONDITIONS. 261. Rule of Syntax. — In wishes and conditions the present subjunctive is used of what may be fulfilled, the imperfect sub- junctive of what is not true, the pluperfect subjunctive of what was not true. The same mood is regularly employed in the con- clusion of such conditional sentences : Examine the following : 1. "Utinam medicus veniat! would that the doctor would come! I wish the doctor would come! 0, that the doctor would come! 2. Si medicus veniat, puero medicetur, if the doctor should come he would cure my boy. 3. Utinam medicus adesset ! 0, that the doctor were here! 4. Si medicus adesset, lastus essem, if the doctor were here I should be glad. 5. Utinam medicus adfuisset! would that the doctor had been here! 6. SI medicus adfuisset, puerS medicavisset, if the doctor had been here he would have cured my boy. Vocabulary. 45. Absorbeo, 2, absorbui, absorptum, tr. . . .absorb. ^quabiliter, adv equally, evenly. Aptus, -a, -um, part, adj fit, suitable, adapted to. Aquosus, -a, -um, adj watery, abounding in water. Arcesso, 3, arcessivi, -itum, tr to send for, summon. Campana, -ae, F bell. Cesso, 1, -avi, -atum, intr cease, stop, loiter. Cito, adv quickly, speedily. Comperio, 4, comperi, compertum, tr. . . .ascertain, find out. Krameria, -ae, F krameria. Madefacio, 3, madefeci, madefactum, tr. .wet, moisten. Obeo, 4, -ii, -itum, tr. and intr go against, go to meet, die. Percolator, -oris, M percolator. Rarus, -a, -um, adj thin, porous, spongy. Recipero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr recover, get back, regain. Seligo, 3, selegT, selectum, tr select, choose. Digitized by Microsoft® 160 independent and dependent clauses. Exercise, ioo. i. Si fluida extracta veils parare, altum et rectum percola- torem seligas; si acrem tmcturam, percolatorem in formam cam- panas redactum et latiorem seligas. 2. ST qualitatem et natu- ram medicamentl, quod vellet percSlare, diligentius Tnspexisset, aptiorem percolatorem selegisset. 3. ST mihi sex uncias krame- ria? essent, docerem te quomodo tincturam kramerias parares. 4. SI pulverem madefacias menstruo antequam incipis percSlare, multo facilius et citius percoles. 5. ST rati5nem hiijus rei non intellegis, pharmacopceiam cum cura. majore lege. 6. Si pul- verem in percolatorem recte pressisses, menstruum lente et a?qua- biliter descendisset. 7. ST medicamenta spongiosa sint et men- struum aquosum, moderate premas; sT autem menstruum valde alcoholicum sit, flrmius premas. 8. ST nescias quid menstruum optimum sit, necesse est ut aliquot menstrua tentes. 9. Utinam scTvissem quam agrotus amTcus fuisset! 10. Utinam medicum citius arcessTvissem ! 1 1 . ST medicus citius venisset, amTcus forte non obiisset. 12. Utinam atra nox abTret, et mane clarum adesset ! Exercise, ioi. 1 . If you would like * to know how much menstruum a powder will absorb f and retain f after percolation ceases, you should try to ascertain by experiment. 2. If you should wish to recover the absorbed } menstrua, you could do this by distillation. 3. If I had g the apparatus and a few ounces of fresh rose-blossoms, I would teach you how to prepare officinal rose-water. 4. If the boy had known how many officinal waters there were, he would probably have repeated a few of the fourteen names. 5. If I knew how to prepare anise and cinnamon waters, I would tell you. 6. O that I had known how sick he was! 7. Would that the surgeon would come!|| 8. O that I knew what would cure my boy ! * Veils scire quantum menstrui. t See 256-260. { Absorpta. § Si mihi essent apparatus et paucw uncice recentium florum rosdrum. || Pres. subj., — veniat! Digitized by Microsoft® THE SUBJUNCTIVE — IN INDEPENDENT CLAUSES. l6l CHAPTER XLIX. THE SUBJUNCTIVE— IN INDEPENDENT CLAUSES. 262. Rule of Syntax. — The subjunctive is used in exhortations and commands. This use of the subjunctive is called the Voli- tive (volo), because it expresses the will of the speaker. Examine the following: — 1. Consulamus medicum, let us consult a physician. 2. Ne medicmam capiamus, let us not take medicine. 3. Capiat grana decern ter die, let him take ten grains three times a day. 4. Sumas pilulam quininae alterna hora, take a quinine pill every other hour. 5. Ne medicamentarius medicamenta repugnantia miscuerit, let the druggist not mix incompatible medicines. 263. The negative used with the Volitive Subjunctive is ne. 264. The Volitive Subjunctive is the usual form in giving the directions in Latin prescriptions. All of the sentences for translation in this lesson are taken from a collection of Latin prescriptions written by English physicians. The vocabulary will be found after the exercises. Exercise. 102. 1. Detrahatur e brachio sanguis ad uncias decern statim. 2. Venassectio fiat ut sanguinis uncias quinque fluant. 3. Statim abradatur capillitium, et cucurbitulse cruentse nucha? applicentur. 4. Cucurbitulae cum scarificatione parti thoracis dolenti * pro re nata | admoveantur, et sanguis ad uncias octo exsugatur. 5. Hirudines vigintT quattuor statim lumbis admoveantur, et post- quam remotas sunt, cataplasma emolliens applicetur. 6. Parti thoracis superior! emplastrum lyttas admoveatur, et post vesica- tionem applicetur ceratum sablnas, ut ulcus perpetuum fiat. Quando fluxus cessat, seger hoc prescripts titatur: Recipe ceratl sabinae, et unguent! lyttae, partes aequales. 7. Si valde urgeat * Present participle of doled: to the painful part of the chest, t Pro re naia, — occasionally, or, as occasion may require. 1 x Digitized by Microsoft® 162 THE SUBJUNCTIVE — IN INDEPENDENT CLAUSES. dyspnoea, applicetur emplastrum lyttae, et fiat ulcus perpetuum ope unguenti sabina?. Exercise. 103. 1. Let a blistering paper be applied to the occiput. Dress * the blistered part with savin ointment. 2. Apply to the neck, where it is in pain.t a plaster of cantharides. 3. Let three leeches be applied to the forehead. 4. Let blood be drawn from the arm, and on the same day, after a few hours, or on the fol- lowing day, two hours after a light dinner,t let the patient take an emetic powder. 5. Do not take more than an ounce. Vocabulary. 46. Abrado, 3, -rasi, -rasum, tr shave, cut away. Admoveo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr. .apply, move near. Applico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr apply, attach. Capillitium, -I, N hair of the head. Coquo, 3, coxi, coctum, tr cook, boil, bake, etc. Detraho, 3, -axl, -actum, tr draw, take away. Dyspnoea, -ae, F difficulty of breathing. Emolliens, -entis, part, adj emollient, softening, soothing. Extraho, 3, -traxi, -tractum, tr. . .draw out, extract. Fluxus, -us, M a flowing, flux. Hirudo, -inis, F leech, bloodsucker. Lumbus, -I, M loin. Lytta, -si, F Spanish fly. Nucha, -ae, F nape of the neck. Ops, opis, F aid, help, riches, wealth. Prandium, -1, N dinner, breakfast. Scarificatio, -onis, F scarification, cutting slightly. Thorax, -acis, M breast, chest, thorax. Venaesectio, -onis, F venesection, cutting u vein. Vesicatorius, -a, -um, adj blistering. 265. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Hemiplegia, from Greek hemi, half, and plege, a stroke — par- alysis of the motor nerves of one side of the body. 2. Chrysalis, from Greek chrysos, gold; so called because it is sometimes of a golden color — the pupa state of insects. 3. Coronoid, from Greek korone, crow, and eidos, form — shaped like a crow's beak ; as the coronoid process of the lower jaw. * Curaveris partem exulceratam. f Qua dolet. X Duabus horis post leve prandium. Digitized by Microsoft® THE IMPERATIVE. j^^ 4. Cotyledon, from Greek kotyledon, a cup-shaped hollow — the temporary seed-leaf of an embryo plant. 5. Dyspnea, from the Greek word dys, "with difficulty," and pneo, "I breathe " — difficulty of breathing. 6. Dysphagia, from dys, and phago, " I eat "—difficulty in swal- lowing. 7. Dysphonia, from dys, and phone, "the voice" — difficulty in speaking, imperfect pronunciation. 8. Dysthanatos, from dys, and thanatos, "death" — causing a painful death; also noun, that which causes a painful death. 9. Lumbago, from lumbl, "the loins" — pain in the loins. CHAPTER L. THE IMPERATIVE. Review the present and learn the future imperative, active and passive of the regular and irregular verbs. 266. Rule of Syntax. — The imperative is used in commands and entreaties : As, — consulite vobls, pr5spicite patriae, conservate v5s, consult for yourselves , look out for the country, preserve yourselves. 267. A negative command, or a prohibition, is generally ex- pressed by noil with the infinitive. As, — Noll putare, do not suppose (be unwilling to suppose). In the third person, some- times in the second, ne with the present or perfect subjunctive is used: aeger ne capiat, ceperit, Let not the patient take; ne capias, ceperis, do not take. 268. The third person of the imperative, found only in the future, is rare. The present subjunctive is used instead. See 262 and examples. Exercise. 104. 1. Tere oleum cum mucilagine donee probe coiverint, turn sensim adde decoctum, ut fiat enema. 2. Cochleare parvum ter quaterve die exhibe, si convulsio vel spasmus urgeatur.* 3. Noli plus sex iincias f sanguinis extrahere. 4. Noli tantum * Urgeatur, should be accelerated, = should become troublesome, f See 94, a. Digitized by Microsoft® 164 THE IMPERATIVE. sanguinis emittere quantum medici antiqui. 5. Ne tantum sanguinis emiseris ut aeger valde pallescat vel languescat. 6. Haustum effervescentem continua, sicut jamjam paratum. ^ 7. Coque Igne leni ad Hbram unam, sub finem coctionis glycyrrhizae radicis contusae drachmas duas adde, et c5la: ctijus seger coch- learia tria ampla ter die capiat. Exercise. 105. 1. Give as large * a dose as can be taken on the point of a knife frequently during the day. 2. Bruise into a mass, divide into thirty pills. 3. Take half a drachm of extract of cicuta, and make fifteen pills and roll them in hemlock dust. Send them in a paper box. 4. Take three drachms of cinchona and divide into twelve equal parts. 5. Let the patient take one of these parts, every f second or third hour, in a small cupful | of fresh cow's milk, during the absence \ of the fever. 6. Take an ounce of prepared chalk and sprinkle it from cotton on the excoriated || parts. Vocabulary. 47. Coctio, -onis, F cooking, boiling. Coeo, 4, -ii and -Tvi, -itum, intr combine, unite. Continuo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr continue, proceed, keep on. Convulsio, -onis, F convulsion, fit. Effervescens, -entis, part, adj effervescent, bubbling. Enema, -atis, N clyster, injection. Excorio, 1, . -atus, tr remove the skin. Exhibeo, 2, -ul, -itum, tr give to, show. Gossypium, -1 cotton tree, cotton. Jamjam, adv now, already. Languesco, 3, langul, , intr grow faint, languish. Pallesco, 3, pallui, , intr turn pale, lose color. Pyxis, -idis, F box. Vaccinus, -a, -urn, adj of or from a cow. * Tantam dosim quantam cultri apice capi potest. t Secundd vel tertia qudque hord. % Ex cyatho parvo. § Absente febre. |] In partes excoridtds. Digitized by Microsoft® THE INFINITIVE INDIRECT DISCOURSE. 165 CHAPTER LI. THE INFINITIVE— INDIRECT DISCOURSE. 269. Learn the infinitives of the regular and irregular verbs. 270. It will be seen that in the following illustrations the Latin infinitive is used essentially the same as the English in- finitive : Errare humanum est, to err is human. Turpe est mentiri, to lie (lying) is base. Latine loqui didicit, he learned to speak Latin. Nemo mortem effugere potest, no one is able to escape death. 271. The Infinitive with Subject- Accusative. Rule of Syntax. — The infinitive, with subject-accusative, is used with verbs and other expressions of saying, knowing, thinking, perceiving, and the like. 272. Direct Discourse. Medicus est, he is a physician. Quinma amara est, quinine is bitter. Sapiens est, he is wise. Nauta morbum periculSsum contraxit, the sailor contracted a dangerous disease. 273. Indirect Discourse. Dicit se medicum esse, he says that he is a physician flit., he says himself to be a physician]. Sentimus quininam amaram esse, we perceive that quinine is bitter [lit., we perceive quinine to be bitter]. Putat se sapientem esse, he thinks that he is wise [lit., he thinks himself to be wise]. Rumor est nautam periculosum morbum contraxisse, there is a report that the sailor contracted a dangerous disease [lit., there is a report the sailor to have contracted a dangerous disease]. 274. Notice that there is no word in the Latin sentence which corresponds to the English word that in the translation. Tenses of the Infinitive. 275. Rule of Syntax. — The present, the perfect or the future in- finitive is used in indirect discourse, according as the time indicated Digitized by Microsoft® 166 THE INFINITIVE INDIRECT DISCOURSE. is present, past or future with reference to the verb of saying, etc., by which the indirect discourse is introduced, as : cadit, he is falling, dicit, 1 . , (he says he is falling. dixit, 1 S£ cadere ' \ he said he was falling. cadebat, he was falling, dJcit hg $ays< he was failing. cecidit, he fell, } se cecidisse, j ^ w> j ^ ^ ha(J faUe ^ ceciderat, he had fallen, ' < dicit l f he says he shall fall. cadet, he will fall, j ^ } se casurum [esse], j ^ ^ ^ ^y /flU _ 276. Observe that the tenses of the infinitive are not absolute, but relate to the time of the verb on which they depend. 277. Subordinate clauses of the indirect discourse take the sub- junctive, as: Clamitabat, si ille adesset, eos ventures esse, he cried out that they would come if he were present. Exercise. 106. 1. Constat * medic5s centum annis abhinc solitos esse san- guinem detrahere causa levissima. 2. Ferunt f slquis dolorem capitis, tormina ventris, febriculam levem, contiisionem malam, claudam manum vel pedem, vel aliquem fere alium morbum vul- nusve habuerit, solitos esse sanguinem plenS rivoj extrahere, hirudines multSs alicui parti corporis applicare, vel cruentas cucurbitulas admovere. 3. Videntur putavisse morbum sine sanguinis emissi5ne vix posse curari. 4. Dicitur medicus scal- pellum, instrumentum utilissimum, die nocteque semper secum habuisse. 5. Libri veteres de medicina demonstrant hac vera esse. 6. Amicus dicit se librum veterem plenum prsescrip- tionum de sectione venarum habere. 7. Amicus idem dicit se invenisse ha?c pra?scripta et multa similia in illo librS: 8. "Si prima? venssectiSni non cedat morbus, turn repetatur. 9. Si dolor perstiterit in latere, mittantur sanguinis uncia? viginti e brachio. 10. Si convulsio redeat, haud aliter,$ detrahatur san- guis per cucurbitulas tres." * Used here as an impersonal verb — it is agreed, or is clear; lit. — "it stands together." f They say = dicunt. } See 64. § Not otherwise. ,, Digitized by Microsoft® the infinitive indirect discourse. 167 Exercise. 107. 1 . They say that many years ago doctors were more fond * of blood-letting than now. 2. It is said that they carried a sharp lancet always ready f for venesection; 3. and that, if a patient was not already dead.f they were accustomed to cut him to pieces to revive \ him. 4. I have heard, but hardly believe the story, that the old doctors always carried with them a great supply || of leeches. 5. Many supposed that they used ** leeches to draw blood from the bodies of their patients, in order that they might themselves ft drawmoney from their %% purses. 6. A friend who has had experience says that the present generation \\ of doctors needs no leeches,— that their bills |||| stick closer to the pocket-book than leeches to the skin. Vocabulary. 48. Arte, adv closely, tightly. Concldo, 3, concidi, conclsum, tr. . . .cut up, cut to pieces. Curo, 1, -a vi, -atum, tr care, take care of, cure, dress. Demonstro, ±, -avl, -atum, tr point out, show, prove. Emissio, -onis, F letting out, emission. Febricula, -se, F slight fever. Libellus, -1, M small writing, list. Libellus rationarius bill. Marsupium, -I, N purse. Peracutus, -a, -um, adj very sharp. Persto, 1, perstiti, intr persist, continue. Rationarius, -a, -um, adj relating to accounts. Reduco, 3, -duxi, ductum, tr lead or bring back, restore. Rivus, -I, M small stream. SaBculum, -1, N age, race, generation. Sectio, -onis, F cutting. Tormina, -um, N. [used only in plur.] gripes, pain in the bowels. 278. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Brachiocubital, from brachium, arm, and cubitus, elbow — that which belongs to both the arm and elbow. * Amantiores emissionis sanguinis. f Pardtum venassectidni. % Jam mortuus esset. § Ut eum in vitam rediicerent. II M&gnam vim hirudinum. ** Usos esse hirudinibus quibus exiraherent; rel. of purpose. ft Ut ipsi. tt Ex eorum marsupils. §§ "The physicians of this age" (scectdum). || || Libellos rationdrios artius adharere. Digitized by Microsoft® I 68 PARTICIPLES ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 2. Brachiotomy, from brachium, and the Greek tome, incision — amputation of the arm. 3. Convulsion, from cum, with, and vellere, to tear, to pull to- gether — a violent and involuntary contraction of muscles which usually contract only under the influence of the will. 4. Convulsionaire, a name given to those in the last century who had, or pretended to have, convulsions produced by religious impulses. 5. Ventricle, from venter, belly, and cuius, a termination, mean- ing little — little-belly, a name given in anatomy to various parts. 6. Ventriloquism, from venter, and loqul, to speak — speaking in the stomach or belly. 7. V entripotent , from venter, and potens, powerful or large — big- bellied, or having a large abdomen. CHAPTER LII. PARTICIPLES -ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 279. Learn the participles of the regular and irregular verbs. 280. The present participle is declined like an adjective of the third declension ending in ns, see 75. 281. All other participles are declined like fluidus, -a, -um (34). 282. Participles denote time, as present, past, or future, with re- spect to the time of the verb in their clause. Examine the following: r moritur, he dies, \ 1. Bibens venerium -j morietur, he will die, [ while drinking poison. I mortuus est, he died, 1 2. Camphoram valde redolens, smelling strongly of camphor. 3. Fluidum in modulum ferreum calef actum, seb5 illitum, in- funde, pour the liquid into an iron measure which has been warmed and smeared with tallow. 4. Cruciatus doloribus non poterat dormire, (because) racked by pains he could not sleep. 5. Febris crescens remedium praesens postulabit, if the fever increases, it will demand a powerful remedy. Digitized by Microsoft® PARTICIPLES ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 169 6. Medicus non arcessltus venit, though the physician was not summoned, he came. 7. Medicus venit tibi succursurus, the doctor has come to help you. (Here the future participle succursurus is used with a verb of motion to express purpose. ) 283. Observe that the participle in the first example is equal to a clause of time; in the fourth, to a causal clause; in the fifth, to a conditional clause; in the sixth, to an adversative clause. In the second example it is used simply as an adjective, in the third it is equal to a relative clause. 284. The Ablative Absolute is grammatically independent of the rest of the sentence. It commonly consists of a noun or pronoun and a participle. 285. Examine the following uses of the Ablative Absolute: — 1. Medicaments sumptS, convaluit, when he had taken the medicine he recovered. [The medicine having been taken.] 2. Medicus, curatiSne aegrl desperata, domum rediit, the physi- cian, since lie despaired of the cure of his patient, returned home. [The cure of the patient being despaired of.] 3. iEger convalescet, febri revertente, the patient will recover though the fever returns. [The fever returning.] 4. Empirico arcessitS, amicus morietur, if the quack be sum- moned, our friend will die. [The quack being summoned.] 5. Puer tmcturas praeparavit, patre nee juvante nee prsesente, the boy prepared the tinctures without his father's aid or presence. [His father neither assisting nor being present.] Compare in each sentence the Latin and the corresponding translation. 286. Notice in the first sentence that the ablative absolute is used to indicate time, in the second a cause or reason, in the third an adversative idea (a concessioii) , in the fourth a condition, in the fifth an accompanying circumstance . Exercise. 108. 1. Tria genera syrupSrum sunt; — syrupus simplex e saccharS et aqua cSnstans, syrupus medicatus varias res medicinales con- tinens, syrupus saporatus sapSris * causa tantum usurpatus. * Sapdris causa, for the sake of the savor. Digitized by Microsoft® 2. 170 PARTICIPLES ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. Quot modls syrup5s praeparas, domine, quassivit adjutor. 3. Dominus breviter c5nslderans respondit quattuor mod5s offi- cinales esse quibus syrupos praepararet ; * — solutione cum calore, agitatiSne sine calore, additione simplici, digestione vel macera- ti5ne. 4. Velim ut paululum aurantil syrupi hac fSrmula. pares : — 5. "Recipe corticis aurantiSrum a. substantia interior! mun- dat5rum uncias quattuor. 6. Minutim concisis f affunde vmi albi libras duas cum dimidia. 7. Digere } per biduum in vase claus5 et exprime. 8. Unciis viginti post colaturam- rema- nentibus \ adde sacchari albissimi libras tres. 9. Semel ebul- liendo|| fiat syrupus coloris ** flavescentis." 10. Hanc formulam memoriae ff mandatam tene. n. Hujus mistura? cochlearia quattuor, horis duabus interpositis,J} sumantur, ut sudationes deminuantur. 12. Pr5visis omnibus, quae pertinent adtiniversa genera morborum, ad singulorum curationes veniam. Exercise. 109. 1. The physician has come to cure \\ the disease. 2. Having closely observed [| || the symptoms of the disease, he wrote this prescription: 3. " If vomiting comes on*** let the patient drink, as occasion may require, a wine-glass of infusion of chamomile flowers: 4. When the vomiting has ceased,*** let the patient take a sudorific powder." 5. Having written*** another pre- scription, he added the following ff| directions: 6. "Let the patient take half immediately, and in half an hour %%% the re- mainder." Vocabulary. 49. Agitatio, -onis, F agitation, stirring. Anthemis, -idis, F chamomile. Deminuo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr to render smaller, diminish.. * Subordinate clause in indirect discourse. t Perf. partic. of concldo, in dative, agreeing with noun understood, and governed by afjunde, — ad in composition taking dative. % In the imperative. § In the dative after adde. || by boiling. ** See 240. ft Dative. %% Lit., two hours having been let pass. §§ Use the future active participle or the subjunctive with ut. || || Signls morbt perspectls. ***■ Abl. abs., vomitu supervenienlc, vomitu flnlto, prmscrlpto alio dato. ttt The following, haec. %%% Semihard elapsa, quod manet. Digitized by Microsoft® PARTICIPLES ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. I 71 Digero, 3, -gessi, -gestum, tr distribute, arrange, digest. Digestio, -onis, F arranging, disposing, digestion. Dimidia, -as, F., (sc. pars.) half. Dimidium, -1, neut. of dimidius, -a, -um. half. Ebullio, 4, -ivi and -ii, , intr boil, bubble up. Elabor, elabl, elapsus sum, dep. intr slide or slip away, escape. Flavesco, 3, , intr grow yellow, be yellowish. Interior, -oris, adj., compar interior, inner. Mandatum, -1, N command, direction. Perspicio,3, perspexl, perspectum, tr. . . .see through, observe closely. Provides, 2, -vidi, -visum, tr. and intr. . . . provide for, look after, see to. Sapor, -oris, M taste, savor, relish. Saporatus, -a, -um, adj flavored. Substantia, -ae, F substance. Sudorificus, -a, -um, adj causing sweat, sudorific. Universus, -a, -um entire, whole, collectively. Vas, vasis; pi. vasa, -orum, N vessel. Vomitus, -us, M vomiting. 287. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Calorifacient, from color, heat, and facere, to make — having the power of producing heat. 2. Cochleare, from cochlea, a snail's shell — a spoon, so called from the resemblance of its bowl to a shell. 3. Cochledriformis, from cochlea, a shell, and forma, shape — ■ shell-shaped or spoon-shaped. 4. Morbid, from morbus, disease — diseased, or relating to dis- ease. 5. Morbific, from morbus, and facere, to make — causing disease. 6. Sdpondria, from sapo, soap — the decoction of this plant forming a lather with water. 7. Saponarice nuculce, from sapo, soap, and nux, nut — soap- nuts; a fruit whose rind has saponaceous qualities. Digitized by Microsoft® 172 IMPERSONAL VERBS. CHAPTER LIII. IMPERSONAL VERBS. 288. Many verbs, from their meaning, appear only in the third person singular. These are called impersonal verbs, as having no personal sub- ject. 289. These verbs may be classified as follows: — 1 . Verbs expressing operations of nature and time of day : Pluit, it rains. Vesperascit, it is growing late. 2. Verbs of feeling: Miseret me miserise tuas, I pity (it grieves me of) your misfor- tune. Pudet me tui, / am ashamed (it shames me) of you. Paenitet me stultitise meae, I repent of (it repents me of) my folly. 3. Verbs which have a phrase or clause as their subject : Accidit, it happens. Licet tibi exire, you may go out (it is permitted you to go out). Oportet te scire, you ought to know (it behooves you to know). Placuit or placitum est mihi, / was pleased (it was pleasing to me). 290. Rule of Syntax. — The impersonal verbs miseret, pcenitet, piget, pudet and tcedet take the accusative of the person, and the genitive of the object or cause of the feeling. Exercise, iio. 1 . Medicamentarium decet scire quemadmodum omnia genera medicamentorum prseparet. 2. Culdam puero contigit du5s ann5s in scholam medicinalem ire. 3. Multo jucundius puero videbatur patris pectmiam consumere, quam longas formulas dlscere quibus compositiones medicinales pararet.* 4. Puer, pecunia dissipata, domum reverterat. 5. Patri amanti placitum erat ut magno negotio su5 filium praeponeret, et hac spe in illam scholam miserat. 6. Pater lastus eum videt, et, ut solet et decet, * Subj. of purpose with the relative, quibus. Digitized by Microsoft® IMPERSONAL VERBS. 173 coepit de studils quasrere. 7. "Valde mihi placet, mi puer, te omnia genera compositionum medicinalium didicisse parare, et mox mihi succedere posse. 8. Satis opera? in officina chemica, est. Mane crastino incipiemus." 9. Mane puer venit, et diu laborabat, at frtistra; — nullam fSrmulam meminisse, nihil recte facere poterat; — multa autem medicamenta pretiosa perdebat. 10. Vesperascebat cum pater inlbat. 11. Attonitus ruina medicamentorum, magna voce exclamabat. 12. "Quid facis? Cur medicamenta perdis? Desiste. 13. Nihilne omnino didi- cisti in ilia schola nisi pecuniam perdere ? 14. Nunc ego te nego- tium meum docebo funditus. 15. In cellam descende, verre, cribra, absterge, tere, lava. 16. Hac in schola aliquid disces; per omnes gradus translbis." Exercise, hi. 1. It becomes a student to study. 2. He ought to learn how- to prepare many compounds. 3. Does it seem right * to you that he should spend f his father's money and not try to learn? 4. It followed that J the son was not put in charge of his father's business. 5. I am disgusted with the boy's folly. 6. What must \ we do? 7. What ought \ the young man to have done? 8. It was reported that he had studied well, but I am ashamed of his ignorance. 9. You may || now go home. Vocabulary. 50. Abstergeo, 2, -ersl, -ersum, tr wipe off, cleanse. ^Equus, -a, -urn, adj right, just. Attamen (at and tamen) , conj but, but yet, for all that. CoepI, 3, ccepisse, cceptus (only in perf., etc.) began, have begun. Compositio, -onis, F the putting together, compound, composition. Consumo, 3, consumpsl, consumptum, tr. . .consume, spend. Contingit, 3, -tigit, impers it happens, it befalls. Decet, 2, -uit, impers it becomes, is proper, behooves. Dissipo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr scatter, squander, dissipate. Funditus, adv from the very bottom. * Mquumne tibi videtur. t That he should spend — for him to spend, inf. with subj. ace. % See 247, 2. § What did it behoove the young man to do? || Licet vobis. Digitized by Microsoft® 174 PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS. Licet, 2, -uit, impers it is permitted, is lawful, may. Medicmalis, -e, adj medical , pertaining to medicine . Oportet; 2, -uit, impers it is necessary, behooves, ought, must. Piget, 2, -uit, impers it disgusts, (one) is disgusted. Praepond, 3, prceposui, prapositum, tr put before, set over, put in charge of. Pudet, 2, -uit, impers it shames, (one) is ashamed. Taedet, 2, -uit, impers it disgusts, (one) is disgusted. CHAPTER LIV. PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS. FUTURE ACTIVE PARTICIPLE:— GERUNDIVE. 291. The future active participle with the verb sum forms the Active Periphrastic Conjugation, as: Sanaturus sum, eram, etc., I am, was, etc., about to {going to, in- tending to) heal. 292. The gerundive with the verb sum forms the Passive Peri- phrastic Conjugation, as: Sanandus sum, eram, etc., / am, was, etc., to be healed; I deserve, ought, etc., to be healed. PARADIGMS. Active. Indicative. Passive. Pres., sanaturus sum. sanandus sum. Imperf., sanaturus eram. sanandus eram. Fut., sanaturus ero. sanandus ero. Perf., sanaturus ful. sanandus ful. Plup., sanaturus fueram. sanandus fueram. Fut. Perf. , sanaturus fuero. sanandus fuero. etc. etc. 293. The active periphrastic subjunctive is often used to sup- ply the place of a future subjunctive, as : Non dubitS quin segrum sanaturus sit, 2" do not doubt that he will cure the patient. Scivi quid medicus facturus esset, / knew what the doctor was going to do. Digitized by Microsoft® PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS. I 75 294. Rule of Syntax. — The dative is used with the gerundive to denote the person by whom the act must be done, as : Tmcturas drachma aegro sumenda est, a drachm of the tincture must be taken by the patient. Ille morbus tibi submovendus est, that disease must be removed by you {that disease is to you to be removed; or, you must remove that disease). Omnibus moriendum est, all must die (the necessity of dying is to all). Mihi scribendum est, / must write (the duty of writing is to me). Exercise. 112. 1. Non dubit5 quin empiricus morbi sanati5nem suscepturus sit. 2. Pollicetur se omne genus morbi sana.tu.rum esse. 3. Non est dubium quin magnas doses daturas sit. 4. Noli dubi- tare quin hie puer cogniturus sit qua confectiones officinales sint. 5. Scisne quid medicus vetus eas appellaturus sit? 6. Scio quemadmodum eas parattirus sis. 7. Rosas partes oct5, sacchari partes sexaginta. quattuor, mellis despumati partes duodecim, aquas rosas partes sedecim recepturus es. 8. Alteram confec- tionem quoque scio quomodo para.tu.rus sis. 9. Aloes et asafce- tidae pilulas saccharo illinendas sunt ut jucundius devorentur. 10. Omnia octo cerata officinalia tibi prasparanda sunt. 11. Cantharidis cerato tibi utendum est. 12. Emplastrum picis Burgundicae ori empirici imponendum est. Exercise. 113. 1. There is no doubt that he will prepare the three officinal papers. 2. I doubt whether he will know how to prepare * the nitrate of potassium paper. 3. He will know how the others ought to be prepared. 4. Do not doubt that the druggist will have in his store-house all sorts of spirits and volatile oils. 5. Do you know what f he is going to do with the resins and bal- sams? 6. Ought we not to prepare all kinds of plasters? 7. I must buy all kinds of fixed and volatile oils and soaps. 8. You ought to write J the druggist to send \ you the sulphates of mor- * For construction see 256. t Do with, facere with abl., dat., or (rarely) abl. with de. % Scribendum tibi est ad medicamentarium. § Subj. of purpose. Digitized by Microsoft® 176 GERUND GERUNDIVE — SUPINE. phine, quinine, strychnine, atropine and hyoscyamine. 9. The druggist has to keep in store* all kinds of tinctures, oils, essences, soaps, syrups, starches, and a thousand other things, although many of them may seldom be called for. 295. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Confection, from cum, with, and facere, to make — anything made up or preserved with sugar. 2. Dosiologia, from the Greek words dosis, gift, or dose, and logos, discourse — a statement of the doses that may be given. 3. Empiricus, from the Greek words en, in, and peira, trial — one who follows only experience; now used in a bad sense, mean- ing charlatan or quack. 4. Mastoid, from Greek mastos, a breast, and eidos, shape — nipple-shaped ; the process of temporal bone behind the ear. 5. Mesosternum, from Greek mesos, middle, and sternon, the chest — the middle portion of the sternum. 6. Melituria, from mel, and our on, urine — sweet urine, diabetes. 7. Officinalis, from offcina, workshop, derived from opus, a work, and facere, to make — said of medicines kept in drug stores, ready made, prepared according to authorized formulae. 8. Saccharometer, from saccharum, sugar, and metrum, meas- ure — an instrument for determining the density of syrups. CHAPTER LV. GERUND— GERUNDIVE— SUPINE. 296. Learn the gerunds and supines of the regular and irregu- lar verbs. Gerund. Examine the following : Gen., cupidus te audiendl desirous of hearing you. Dat., aqua utilis est bibendo water is useful for drinking. Ace, inter ludendum while playing or during play. ...... ,-,-,, ,- f draw off four pounds by distilling Ab., quattuor hbras elice destillando . { ... ,.,, . \ i (distillation). * Habenda sunt in apotheca. Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND GERUNDIVE SUPINE. 177 The above examples illustrate the use of the gerund in the several cases. 297. Observe (i) its use is like that of the English verbal noun in ing; (2) that it governs the same case as its verb, but is itself governed like a noun. See genitive case above. 298. Gerund and Gerundive. Compare the following couplets : ,-, . f mediclnam parandi) ,, , . , . G " ArS i medietas parandi I ,he aH ° f P re P a ™S medtctne. t, 1-. , f artem exercendo "1 , , D., Dat operam-j | he attends to the practice of his art. Ace, Venit ad-! me lean umj \fo e came to cure the j liebrem medicandam J ' Ab Terit tern Inscription. Corrigent, Syrup, lolutam . . . JJvj or 24.0 I Vehicle, Aquae Anisi, q.s. ad giv or 120.0 / Misce, fiat solutio Subscription. Sig. — Take a teaspoonful every 2 hours Signatura. John Doe, M.D. It should be stated that the present tendency in prescribing is toward a greater simplicity. The base or the essential part of Digitized by Microsoft® 182 GERUND GERUNDIVE SUPINE. the inscription, is frequently found accompanied with the vehicle only, as follows : B . Potassii Bromidi 3 j, or 4.0 Aquae Cinnamomi § ij, or 60.0 Misce, fiat solutio. Sig. — Take one teaspoonful every 3 hours. J. D., M.D. For further information concerning the prescription, see Remington's "Practice of Pharmacy," third edition, page 11 13, or Thornton's "Dose Book and Prescription Writing." PR^ESCRlPTA. [All metric measures and weights are approximate.] 307. Pulvis. 1$. Acstanilid! u.4 gm.* — 3j; Caffemae 0.3 gm. — gr. v; Acid! Tartaric! 0.4 gm. — 3j ; S6di! Bicarbonatis 8.0 gm. — 3ij- Trltura. separatim materias in tenuem pulverem et misce. 308. MIstura. R\ Liquoris Ammonil Acetatis 120 cc. 1 — 5iv; Tincturae FerrI ChloridI 4 cc. — 3j; Syrupi TolutanI 24 cc. — 3iv; Acidi Phosphoric! dilutl 12 cc. — 3iij. M. 3 ft. 3 solutio. S. 4 cochleare medium B tertia. quaque hora. 1 cc. = cubica centimetra. ! M. = misce, mix. 3 ft. = fiat, let be made, make. * S. = sumat, let (the patient) take, often better translated "take. 5 Cochleare medium, a medium spoonful, a dessertspoonful. 3°9- PlLULAE. 1$. Strychnlnae 0.016 gm Ipecacuanhae 0-065 g m Extract! Belladonnae Foliorum 0.065 g m Reslnae Podophyll! 0.016 gm Extract! Colocynthid! Compos. 1 1.3 gm M. ft. 2 pilulae decern. — gr — gr — gr — gr — gr i; j; j; 1 Compos. = compositl. ' ft. = fiant. * The abbreviations cc. and gm. are commonly omitted in prescrip- tion writing. Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND GERUNDIVE — SUPINE. 183 3 10 - TrochiscI. 1$. Ammonii Chloridi 5ij 8.0 gm.; Saccharl Lactis 5H 8.0 em. ■ ExtractI Glycyrrhizae 5iij — I2 .o gm. ; Tragacanthae Pulveris gr. x — 0.65 gm. ; Tlncturae Tolutanl n\jj — 0.12 cc. M. et div. 1 in trochiscos xij. Slg. 2 Unus in ore omni hora leute solvendus. 1 Div. = divide. 2 Sig., signd = mark; i. e., write as directions. 3 11 - Pro Coryza. 1$. ZincI Sulphatis 0.03 gm. — \ gr Ammonii Chloridi 0.03 o- m . — J CTr Camphorae 0.03 gm. — £ gr Pulveris Opil 0.0065 g m -— tV & ExtractI Belladonnae 0.0032 gm. — J s gr ExtractI Aconiti Radlcis 0.0065 g m - — tu S r M. ft. pulvis. 312. MlSTtJRA. 1$. Ammonii Chloridi * ^m. — gr. xxx; Syrupl Ipecacuanhae 15 cc. — gss; Syrupl Senegae 8 cc. — oii; Misturae Glycyrrhizae Compositae quan- tum sufficiat ad 120 cc. — §iv. M. ft. solutio. 313. Emulsio. R\ Olel Morrhuae 120 cc. — 5iv; Acaciae 15 gm. — §ss; Aquae Cinnamomi quant, sufiic. ad ... .240 cc. — Sviij. M. ft. emulsio. Sig. Duo cochlearia parva ' hora. post cibos. 2 1 Cochlearia parva, teaspoonfuls. 2 An hour after each meal. 314. Unguentum. 1$. AcidI TannicI 1.3 gm. — gr. xx; ExtractI Stramonil 0.33 gm. — gr. v; Pulveris Opil 0.65 gm. — gr. x; CeratI Simplicis 8.0 gm. — oij; Adipis BenzoinatI 24.0 gm. — 5vj. M. ft. pasta tenuis extracti tritiirando paucis aquae guttls; deinde mlsce acidum tannicum cum opio, et denique admlsce pingues res. Sig. Applicandum more diets. Digitized by Microsoft® 184 GERUND— GERUNDIVE — SUPINE. 315. Tabellae. B,. Hydrargyri ChloridI Mltis 0.16 gm. — gr. iiss 1 ; Ipecacuanhae Pulveris 0.13 gm. — gr. ij; Sodil Bicarbonatis 0.65 gm. — gr. x; Sacchari Lactis 0.33 gm. — gr. v. M. ft. tabellae xxv. Slg. Capiat unam omni tertia. hora. 1 Ss, semis; with numerals, cum semisse. 316. Infusum. I}. Potassil Acetatis 15 cc. — §ss; Infiisi Buchu 60 cc. — 5ij; Decocti Pareirae 90 cc. — §iij; Syrupi Scillae 8 cc. — 3ij; Syrupi Aurantil 8 cc. — 3ij- M. ft. solutio. Slg. Capiat cochleare magnum ' ex 2 aqua sextis horis. 1 A tablespoonful. 2 Ex aqua, in water. READING LESSONS. Recipe, — Emplastri Galbani compositi unciam dimidiam, Resina? uncias duas. Mlsce. Flat emplastrum super alutam extendendum, quo pedes post pediluvium involvantur. 317. Emplastrum generis ejusdem fit ex his : galbani, drachmas duas; fullginis tiiris * drachmas quattuor; picis drachmas sex, cerffi, et reslnas terebinthinag, singulorum.f drachmas oct5; quibus paulum IrinI unguent! mlscetur. (Celsus.) 318. Recipe, — Lyttarum in pulverem tenuissimum trltarum * drach- mam, Camphors pulveris drachmam, Cerse flava? et sevi praeparati ana 2 drachmam, Adipis praeparati scrupulos duos. 1 Perfect partic. of terd, in genitive plur. to agree with lyttarum. 2 A medical term signifying of each. * Of the soot of frankincense. t Singulorum modifies ceres and resince, and, since these things are inanimate, is put in the neuter gender. Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND — GERUNDIVE — SUPINE. 185 Cera, sevo, et adipe simul liquefactls,* paulo antequam con- crescant, lyttas et camphoram insperge, atque omnia misce ut fiat emplastrum epispasticum regiSnl jecoris applicandum.t 319. Optimum tamen ad extrahendum est id quod habet myrrhae, croc!, iridis, propolis, bdellii, aluminis et scissilis et ro- tund!, misys,J chalcitidis, atramenti sutorii cocti, opopanacis, salis ammoniac!, \ vise!, singulorum drachmas quattuor ; aristo- lochiae drachmas oct5; squamae aeris drachmas sedecim; resmae terebinthinae drachmas septuaginta qumque; cerae, et sev! vel taurini vel h!rc!n!, singulorum drachmas centum. (Celsus.) 320. Recipe, — Pulveris digitalis grana tria, Pulveris glycyrrhizae grana viginti. Misce. In pulveres tres hasc quantitas dividenda est. Partitio fiat exactissima. 321. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Atrdmentum, from ater, black — any black liquid, ink, etc. 2. Atrabilis, from ater, black, and bilis, bile, black bile — a thick, black, acrid humor, secreted, in the opinion of the ancients, by the pancreas. It was supposed to induce melancholy, mad- ness, etc. There is really no such humor. 3. Aristolochia, from the Greek aristos, very good or best, and locheia, parturition, was so called because it was supposed to aid parturition. 4. Aristolochia polyrrhiza, from poly, many, and rhiza, root — many-rooted aristolochia. 5. Aristolochia Serpentdr-ia, from serpens, creeping, or serpent — snake-root, birth wort. 6. Glycyrrhiza, from glykys, sweet, and rhiza, root — sweet -root, commonly called liquorice. 7. Glycyrrhcea, from glykys, and rhoe, a flow — signifies a dis- charge of saccharine matter from the system. 8. Glycerlnum, from glykys, sweet — a sweetish fat. * Abl. absolute with cera, etc., to indicate time. t Agrees with emplastrum, and governs regioni. % Of some of these ingredients very little is known. Misy may be a kind of truffle, or it may be, and probably is here, a kind of Roman vitriol. § Ammoniacum was a kind of gum-resin, said to have been collected from trees growing near the temple of Jupiter Ammon. Digitized by Microsoft® S6 GERUND — GERUNDIVE SUPINE. j 9. Glucosum, from glykys — a kind of sugar in many vegetable juices. 10. Squamiferous , from squama, scale, and fero, to bear — scale- bearing, scaly. 11. Squamaria, a plant covered with scale-like spots. 322. Recipe, — Corticis cinchonas sesquiunciam, Magnesii sulphatis uncias duas, Aquas puras octarios duos. Coque per sextam partem horas in vase leviter clauso, et liquorem adhuc calentem cola; sub finem coquendl syrupl absinthil uncias duas adde. Tertia vel quarta quaque hora cyathus unus exhibeatur, intermissionis tempore. 323. Recipe, — Spiritus ammonias aromatic! drachmas duas, Liquoris ammonias acetatis uncias quattuor, Tinctures opil drachmam, Aquas pimentas uncias quattuor. Mlsce, et divide in haustus quattuor, quorum unus usurpari potest, si pulsus languescat, vel pustulas subsederint. 324. Recipe, — Sarsaparillas radicis, Zingiberis radicis contusas, ana, iinciam dimidiam, Sassafras radicis conclsas unciam. Coque lenl Igne in aquas fontanas octarils quattuor ad dimidiam con- sumptionem, ut flat decoctum, cujus bibat fluid-uncias octo modice tepefactl post bolum, et mane in lecto ad diaphoresin ciendam repetatur. Acidum Nitricum. 325. Recipe Kali nitrici depurati pulveratl libras oct5, et in retortam vitream satis capacem immissis * affunde acidi sul- phuric! crudi libras quattuor cum dimidia, aquae communis Hbris tribus caute dilutas. Applicetur excipulum amplum, cuif aquae destillatffi libra? quattuor antea sunt immissag. Fiat des- tillatiS ex arena, J igne primum remission, \ sub finem gradatim auct5,§ ad siccum. Acido elicits instllla liquorem argenti nitrici quamdiu. inde fit turbidum, cavendS ne nimia c5pia liquoris argenti nitrici adda- tur. Seponatur|| per aliquot dies. Turn liquorem limpidum * In the dative after afjunde (ad in composition) and agreeing with libris understood. t Governed by in compounded with -missis. J From a sand-bath. § Ablative absolute with igne. || Subjunctive in a command, "let it be set aside." Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND — GERUNDIVE — SUPINE. 187 decanta, et e retorta, fere ad siccum * destillando rectifies. In vasis epistomio vitreo clausis serva. 326. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Diaphoresis, from dia, through, and phoreo, I bear; carrying through the pores of the skin — perspiration, or increase of per- spiration. 2. Retorta, from re, back, and tortus, bent or twisted — bent- back, as indicating the shape of the vessel. 3. Torticollis, from tortus, twisted, and collum, the neck — wry- neck, stiff-neck. 4. Torcular, from torquere, to twist — a press for wine, oil, cider, etc. 5. Pulsus, from pulsare, to beat — the pulse. 6. Pulsus biferiens, from bis, twice, and ferlre, to strike — a pulse in which the finger is struck twice at each pulsation. 7. Pyriformis, from Latin pyrus (pirus), a pear, and forma, shape — applied to a muscle passing from the pelvis to the great trochanter of the femur. 8. Pylorus, from Greek pyloros, a gate-keeper — the opening of the stomach which leads into the intestine. 9. Rectificatio, from rectus, right, and facere, to make — making right or pure. 10. Rectltis, a hybrid word from rectum, and Itis, inflamma- tion — signifies inflammation of the rectum. 327. Electuarium Theriaca.\ Recipe, Mellis despumati libras sex. Paululum calefacto % ad- misce opii pulverati in vini Malacensis quantitate sufficiente soluti § unciam unam. Turn adde Radicis Angelicae pulveratae uncias sex; Serpentarias Virginianae pulveratae uncias quattuor; * To dryness. t The old Romans had an electuary called Theriaca, composed of a medley of sixty-one different ingredients, which possessed the most opposite properties! It was invented by Andromachus of Crete, and prepared by order of Nero, and was probably good for nothing. } Calefacto agrees with melli understood; mix with the honey when heated a little one ounce, etc. § Soluti agrees with opii. Digitized by Microsoft® 188 GERUND — GERUNDIVE — SUPINE. Valerianae minoris, Scillas, Zedoarias, Cassias cinnamomeas singularum pulveratarum uncias duas; Cardam5mi minoris, Myrrhas, Cary ophyllorum , Ferri sulphuric! crystallizati, singulorum in pulverem redac- torum, unciam unam. Fiat electuarium fuscum, quod loc5 frigido caute serva. Nota. Electuarii hujus uncia una opii pulverati circiter grana qulnque continet. 328." Elixir Aurantiarum Compositum. (Vetus Formula Germana.) Recipe, Corticum Pomorum Aurantii a parenchymate interno mundatorum et concisorum uncias quattuor; Pomorum Aurantii immaturorum, Cassias cinnamomea;, singu- lorum contusorum uncias duas; Kali carbonici unciam unam, Vini Malacenis libras quattuor. Post digestionem exprime. In cSlatura librarum trium et unciarum octo, solve Extract! Absinthii, Cascarillas, Gentianas, Trifolii, singulSrum unciam unam. Post subsidentiam et decantationem liquori limpid5 adde Olei Corticis Citri drachmam unam in unciis duabus. sulphuric! spiritus aetheris soliitam. Serva. bene et ante dispensationem agita. Sit fuscum, non nimis turbidum. 329. Extrdctum Absinthii. Recipe summitatum herbae Absinthii quantum vis. Minutim concisis et in vas idoneum immissis affunde aquas communis fer- vidas quantitatem sufficientem. Sepone per triginta sex horas, subinde agitando, et turn liquorem exprimendS separa. Resi- duum iterum aquas * communi fervidas quintuplici infunde et post refrigerationem exprime. Liquores express!, subsidendo, decantando, c5landoque depurati, pr!m5 leni cal5re ad tertiam partem, turn in balneo vaporis ad justam extract! spissitudinem * Dative after infunde. Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND GERUNDIVE SUPINE. 189 evapSrentur * ita quidem, ut remanens t non effundi queat, spatula tamen in fila extrahl possit. Bene servetur. 330. Suggestive Derivations, 1. Angelica, so called from its supposed angelic virtues. 2. ArcJiangelica (archon, ruler), superior angelica. 3. Caryophyllum, from caryon, nut, and phyllon, leaf, nut-leaf — • the flower bud of the clove tree ; a clove. 4. Caryophyllus Dianthus, from Di-, (dios), Jove, and anthos, flower — Jove's flower, carnation or clove pink. 5. Zoophyte, from Greek zoon, an animal, and phyton, a plant — a term sometimes applied to animals which resemble plants. 6. Electuarium, from e, out or from, and legere, to choose or select — something chosen, or picked out. 7. Parenchyma, from Greek words para, beside, en, in, and cheo, "I pour," pouring in beside; a name given by Erasistratus to the pulpy substance of the lungs, liver, etc., as if formed by blood of the veins that run into these parts. The name is also applied to the pulpy parts of fruit. 8. Trifolium, tres, three, folium, leaf, three-leaved — trefoil. 9. Cascarilla, a Spanish word from cascara, bark, and -ilia, a diminutive ending meaning little — a shrub and its aromatic bark. 331. Linlmentum Saponis Camphor atum. Recipe, — Saponis domestic! albissiml, et Saponis Hispanic! alb!, Singulorum siccatorum unciam unam et dimidiam, Camphora? drachmas tres. Solve in cucurbita vitrea len! calore in splritus vml rectificatissim! uncus vlginti. Solutionem adhuc calentem filtra. Turn adde — Ole! Thyml drachmas semissem, Ole! Rosmarln! drachmam unam. Liquoris Ammoni! caustic! drachmas tres. Liquor in vitrls bene clausls refrlgeretur, et tunc massam gelatma; similem referens in ilsdem servetur. Recens sit flavum, subdiaphanum et opalescens, tempore opacum, crystallos nullos aut paucissimos continens. — Pharmacopeia Germdnica. * Volitive subjunctive. The subject is liquores. t Present participle, the remaining, liquor understood. Digitized by Microsoft® igo GERUND — GERUNDIVE SUPINE. 332. Malagma ad Laterum Dolores. Ad laterum dolores Andreae quoque malagma est ; quod etiam resolvit, umSrem educit, pus maturat; ubi id maturum est, cutem rumpit, ad cicatrlcem perducit. Prodest impositum minutis majoribusque abscessibus; item articulls, ideoque et coxls, et pedibus dolentibus; item, slquid in corpore collisum est, reficit; praecordia quoque dura et Tnflata emollit; ossa extrahit:* ad omnia denique valet, quae calor adjuvare potest. Id habet cera? drachmas undecim; visci, sycamini, lacrimas, singulorum drachmam unam; piperis et rotund! et longi, am- moniac! thymiamatis, bdellii, Iridis Illyrica?, cardam5mT, amomi, xylobalsami, turis masculi, myrrhae, resinas aridas, singulorum drachmas decern; pyrethri, cocci GnidiT, spumae nitri, salis am- moniac!, aristolochias Creticas, radicis cucumeris agresti, resinas terebinthinae liquidae, singulorum drachmas viginti; quibus adji- citur unguent! !rin!, quantum satis est ad ea mollienda atque cogenda. (This is from Galen f as given by Celsus.) 333- Qua Pur gent. Purgant asrug5, auripigmentum, quod arsenicum a, Grascls nSminatur, squama aeris, piimex, !ris, balsamum, styrax, tus, turis cortex, resma, et pmea, et terebinthina liquida, cenanthe, lacert! stercus, sanguis columbas, et palumbas, et hirundinis, am- moniacum, bdellium, abrotonum, f!cus arida, coccum Gnidium, scobis eboris, omphacium, rad!cula, coagulum, sed maxime le- porinum, fel, vitellus crudus, cornu cervlnum, gluten taurinum, mel crudum, misy, chalcitis, crocum, uva taminia, spuma argenti, galla, squama aeris, lapis haematites, J minium, costum, sulphur, pix cruda, sevum, adeps, oleum, ruta, porrum, lenticula, ervum. (Celsus.) 334. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Auripigmentum, from aurum, gold, and pigmentum, pig- ment or paint, gold-paint — because it was thought to contain gold. * It draws out (the fragments of) a (broken) bone, f A Greek physician of the second century A. D. % In apposition with lapis. Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND GERUNDIVE SUPINE. IOI 2. Hematites, from the Greek haima, blood— blood-stone. 3. Hmmophobus, from haima, and phobos, dread; adj., fearing blood ; also noun, one who faints at the sight of blood. 4. Hematology, from haima, gen. haimatos, and logos, dis- course — that part of medicine which treats of blood. Haima, changed to'temo-, haemo, or hcemato-, is a compound in more than 200 medical terms. 5. Humor pericardii, humor, fluid, peri, around, kardia, heart — the pericardial fluid. 6. Malagma, from the Greek verb mallassd, "I soften" — a poultice. 7. GLnanthe, from oinos, wine, and anthos, flower, wine-flower — the flower smelling like the vine. 8. Pedialgia, from pes, foot, and algos, pain, foot-pain — a pain in the feet. 9. Rosmarinus, from ros, dew, and marlnus, marine, marine- dew, sea-dew — rosemary. 10. Subdiaphanus , from sub, here meaning somewhat, dia, through, and phanos, light, bright — somewhat shining through, or somewhat transparent. n. Xylobalsamum, from xylon, wood, and balsamum — wood- balsam. 335. The Physician Visiting a Patient. Ob quam causam periti medic! * est, non protinus f ut venit apprehendere manu brachium: sed prlmum residere, hilar! vultu, percontarique, quemadmodum se J habeat ; et si quis ejus metus est, eum probabili sermone lenire; turn deinde ejus corpori manum admovere. Quas venas autem conspectus medici movet, quam facile mille res turbant! Altera res est, cui credimus, calor, aeque fallax: nam hie quoque excitatur aestu, labore, somno, metu, sollicitudine. Igitur intueri quidem etiam ista oportet; sed his non omnia credere. Ac protinus quidem scire, non febricitare eum, cujus venae natiiraliter ordinatae sunt, teporque talis est, qualis esse sani solet: non protinus autem sub * Genitive of characteristic; it is the characteristic of a skilled physi- cian. t Non protinus ut, — not as soon as. % Quemadmodum se habet, — how he is; lit., how he has himself. Digitized by Microsoft® 192 GERUND GERUNDIVE SUPINE. calore motuque febrem esse concipere;* sed ita,f si summa £ quoque arida inaequaliter cutis est; si calor et in fronte est, et ex lmis prsecordiis oritur; si spiritus ex naribus cum fervore pro- rumpit; si color aut rubSre aut pallore novo mutatus est; si oculi graves, et aut persicci aut subhumidi sunt; si sudor cum fit, inasqualis est; si vena? n5n sequalibus intervallis moventur. Ob quam causam medicus neque in tenebris, neque a capite \ aegri debet residere; sed illustri loco adversus, ut omnes notas ex vultu|| quSque cubantis percipiat. (Celsus.) 336. Cato on the Medicinal Value of Cabbage. Verum morbum articularium nulla res tantum purgat, quan- tum brassica crada, si earn edes cum rata et coriandro concisam. Sic ** et laserpitium inrasum cum brassica oxymelli ft et sale sparsa. %\ Hac si uteris, omnes articulos poteris experiri. Nullus siimptus est: et si siimptus esset, tamen valetudinis causa ex- perirer. Hanc oportet mane jejunum esse.$§ Omnem,|||| qui insomniosus est, hac eadem curatione sanum fades. Verum assam brassicam, et unctam caldam, et salis paulum dato homini jeju.no: quam plurimum *** ederit, tam citissime sanus fiet ex eo morb5. Tormina quibus ftt molesta erunt, sic facito: ffj brassicam macerato bene, postea in aulam conjicito, defervefacitS bene. Ubi cocta erit bene, aquam defunditS. Eo addit5 oleum bene, et salis paululum, et cuminum, et pollinem polenta?. Postea * Not immediately to conceive that there is fever under, etc. f But so to conceive if, etc. J If the surface of the skin also is unequally dry. § Nor away from the head; that is, nor behind the head of the patient. [| Ex vultu quoque, from every expression. ** Sic refers to the statement in the preceding sentence; laserpitium, will do the same. ft Abl. It Sparsa agrees with brassica. §§ Esse, = edere, to eat. (Edd has many forms in common with sum.) || || Omnem equal to an adv. — entirely. *** Lit., "as he shall have eaten the most, so the most quickly," etc.; the more he shall eat, the more quickly will he be free from. ttt l n the dative after molesta. JJI The second person singular, of the future imperative, is very common in Cato. Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND GERUNDIVE SUPINE. 193 ferve* bene facit5.* Ubi ferverit, in catinum indito. Dato (asgro) ut edat, si poterit, sine pane; si non, panis paululum ibidem madefaciat. Et si febrim non habebit, dato vinum atrum ut bibat. Cito sanus fiet. 337. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Cubans, from cubo, to recline, to lie sick — one lying sick, a patient. 2. Experior, from ex, out, per, through, and Ire, to go — to go through and out of, and so to know or test thoroughly. 3. Febricosus, from febris, fever, and -osus, a termination sig- nifying fullness — full of feverish symptoms. 4. Febrifuga, from febris, fever, and fugdre, to drive away — a medicine which tends to drive away fever. 5. Prcscordia, from prcB, before, and cor, the heart — the midriff. 6. Oxymel, from oxys, sharp, acid, and mel, honey; acid-honey — a mixture of vinegar and honey. 7. Tormina, from torquere, to twist — the gripes. 8. Vencesectio, from vena, vein, and sectio, cutting — vein-cut- ting, or opening a vein. 338. The Antidote of Mithridates. (Celsus.) Nobilissimum autem antidotum est Mithridatis, quod quotidie sumendo rex ille dicitur adversus venenSrum pericula tutum cor- pus suum reddidisse : in quo h sec sunt : costi sexta pars drachmas , acori drachmae quinque, hyperici, gummis, sagapeni, acacias succi, iridis Illyricae, cardam5mi, singulorum drachmas duas; anisi drachmas tres; nardi Gallici, gentianas radicis, arid5rum rosas foliorum, singulorum drachmas quattuor; papaveris lac- rimas, petroselini, bis tertia pars drachmas, casias, silis, polii, piperis longi, singulorum drachmae sex; Styracis drachma, cas- torei, turis, hypocistidis succi, myrrhas, opopanacis, singulorum drachmas sex ; malabathri folii drachmas sex ; fioris junci rotundi, resinae terebinthinas, galbani, dauci Cretici seminis, singulorum drachma una; nardi, opobalsami, singulorum drachma; thlaspis tertia pars drachmae; radicis Ponticas f drachmas septem; croci, * Fervefacito is one word separated by tmesis, t Radix Pontica, rhubarb. 13 Digitized by Microsoft® 194 GERUND — GERUNDIVE SUPINE. zingiberis, cinnamomi, singulorum drachmae octo. Haec con- trita melle excipiuntur, et adversus venenum, quod * magni- tudinem nucis Graecse f impleat ex vino J datur: in ceteris autem aflectibus corporis pro mods \ eorum, vel quod ^Sgyptiae fabae, vel quod ervi magnitudinem impleat, satis est. 339. Celsus' Remedy for Hydrophobia. Si rabi5sus canis fuit, cucurbitula. virus ejus extrahendum est. Deinde, si locus neque nervosus, neque musculosus est, vulnus id adurendum est: si uri non potest, sanguinem homini mitti non alienum || est. Turn ust5 ** quidem vulneri superimponenda quae ceteris ustis ft sunt: ei ff vero quod expertum ignem non est, ea medicamenta quse vehementer exedunt. Post quse niillo novo magisterio, %t se d J am supra posits %% vulnus erit implendum, et ad sanitatem perducendum. Quidam post rabiosi canis morsum pr5tinus in balneum mittunt \ \ ibique patiuntur desudare, dum vires corporis sinunt, vulnere adaperto, quo|||| magis ex e5 quoque virus destillat : deinde multo meracSque vin5 excipiunt, quod omnibus venenis contrarium est. Idque cum ita per triduum factum est, tutus esse homo a periculo videtur. Solet autem ex eo vulnere, ubi parum occursum*** est, aquae timor nasci: hydrophobiam Grasci appellant. Miserrimum genus morbi, in qu5 simul aeger et siti et aquas metu. cruciatur: quo oppressis in angustS |tt s P gs est - Sed unicum tamen reme- dium est, nee opinantem in piscinam non ante ei provisam pro- * The antecedent of this relative is understood, and is the subject of datur. f Nucis Graca, the almond. % And there is given in wine against poison, as much as would fill an almond; lit., as that which would fill the size of, etc. § According to the severity; lit., according to the measure. || It is not improper that blood be drawn from the man. ** Then upon the burnt wound those remedies ought to be placed. ft In the same construction as vulneri. %\ Abl. of means, by no new direction, but by that already laid down above. §§ The object of mittunt is agrum understood. || || Quo introduces a clause of purpose with destillet. *** When it has not been thoroughly cured; — lit., met. ftt Lit.: "hope is in a narrow" (place); there is but little hope: oppressis is in the dative, and quj in the ablative. Digitized by Microsoft® GERUND — GERUNDIVE — SUPINE. 195 jicere,* et si natandl scientiam non habet, modo mersumbibere pati, modo attollere; si habet, interdum deprimere, ut invitus quoque aqua satietur: sic enim simul et sitis et aquae metus tollitur. Sed aliud periculum excipit, ne infirmum corpus in aqua frigida vexatum nervorum distentio absumat. Id ne inci- dat a, piscina prStinus in pleum calidum demittendus est. 340. Suggestive Derivations. 1. Hydrophobia, from the Greek hydor, water, and phobos, dread — water-dread, or fear of water. 2. Hydro pericardium, from hydor, water, peri, around, and cardia, the heart — heart with water around it. 3. Hydrocephalus, from hydor, and kephale, the head — "head having water in it," or dropsy of the brain. Hydor (gen. hydatos) enters many compounds in the forms hydr-, hydro-, hydato-. 4. Opobalsamum, from the Greek opos, juice, and balsamum — gum-balsam. 5. Sanguipiirgium, from sanguis, blood, and purgare, to purify — blood-purifier. 6. Sanguisorba, from sanguis, and sorbere, to absorb — blood- absorber, a plant once used as an astringent in hemorrhages. 7. Sanguisuga, from sanguis, and sugere, to suck — a blood- sucker, leech. 8. Sudoriferous, from sudor, sweat, and ferre, to carry — sweat- bearing, as the sudoriferous ducts or glands. * Projicere {cegrum) nee opinantem, etc., to throw the patient, when not expecting it, into a pond not before seen by him (non ante el pro- visam) . Digitized by Microsoft® PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICALTERMS DERIVED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES. (With Brief Definitions.) 341. PHARMACEUTICAL TERMS. Calcination (Lat. calcinatio, from calx, lime). The expulsion of volatile matters by heat, as in reducing chalk (calcium carbonate) to lime (calcium oxide) by driving off the combined carbonic acid. Carbonization (Lat. carbonizatio , from carbo, coal). A combustion of organic matter, reducing it to carbon. Clarification (Lat. clarus, clear + jacere, to make). The clearing of liquids by the use of such agents as albumen, heat, etc. Colation (Lat. colatio, from colere, to strain). Straining. Comminution (Lat. con = cum, very, + minuere, to break into small pieces) . Reducing to a powder by mechanical means. Decantation (Lat. de, from + probably cantkus, tire, brim). Pouring off a clear liquid from its sediment. Decoction (Lat. de, from + coquere, to cook, boil). Boiling the sub- stance in water. Decolorization (Lat. de, from + color, color). Depriving a substance of color, rendering colorless. Desiccation (Lat. de, from + siccus, dry). Driving off moisture by a current of warm air or artificial heat. Dialysis (Gr. dia, through + lysis, a loosing). The process of separating soluble crystalloids from colloids (as separation of salt from the white of egg) by a peculiar process allied to filtration. Digestion (Lat. digerere, to separate, arrange ; from dis, apart + gerere, to carry). Treating the substance by a solvent kept at a high temperature for some time. Distillation (Lat. destillatio, from de, from + siillare, to drop). Heating a liquid to the boiling-point, collecting the steam therefrom, condensing the same to » liquid again by refrigeration. Evaporation (Lat. evaporatio, from e, out + vapor, vapor). Converting a liquid into vapor by means of heat. Expression (Lat. expressio, from ex, out + premere, to press). To press or squeeze, as in making oil of almonds from sweet almonds. Extraction by means of strong pressure. Digitized by^crosoft® MEDICAL TERMS, SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED. 197 Filtration (low Lat. filtratio, from filtrare, to strain). The purification of a liquid by passing it through porous or bibulous paper. Fusion (Lat. fundere, to pour, melt). Melting or rendering fluid by- heat. Ignition (Lat. ignitio, from ignis, fire). Subjecting to an intense heat, often that of a blowpipe flame. Incineration (Lat. inceratio, from in, in + cinis , cineris , ashes). Burning a substance over a flame to ashes. Infusion (Lat. infusio, from in, in + fundere, to pour). Pouring boiling water on a drug in a suitable vessel, allowing it to stand, and then straining off the liquid. Levigation (Lat. levigatio, from levis, smooth). A process of grinding substances in the presence of water between flattened surfaces. Maceration (Lat. maceratio, from macerare, to steep) . A process of soaking the powdered drug in a proper solvent to extract the virtues from the former. Percolation (Lat. percolatio, from per, through + colare, to strain). A process of extraction differing from maceration by allowing the solvent (menstruum) to pass through the drug by simple gravita- tion, the process being conducted in a glass vessel called a per- colator. Sublimation (Lat. sublimatio, from sublimis, high, aloft). Strongly heating a volatile solid and collecting the vapors therefrom and condensing them. Torrefaction (Lat. torrejactio, from torrere, to roast + faclio, a making). Roasting. Trituration (Lat. trituratio, from triturare, to thrash). Reducing to a very fine powder by mechanical means, such as the pestle and mortar. 342. MEDICAL TERMS, SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED. 1. Medicines which are said to act upon the blood and thereby affect or modify nutrition. Alteratives (new Lat. alteraiivus, from alter, the other). Medicines having the power to alter some abnormal or diseased condition, producing favorable change. Antacids (Gr. anti, opposite to + Lat. acidus, acid). Agents used to counteract, or neutralize, acidity. Refrigerants (Lat. rejrigerare, to cool, from re, again + frigus, cool). Agents used to cool the fevered system and to quench thirst. Tonics (ultimately from the Gr. ionos, a stretching, tone). Medicines which produce a general and somewhat lasting stimulation upon all the functioi©/g# / ^1^W/ C /-0S0/?® 198 MEDICAL TERMS, SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED. 2. Medicines whose action is mainly through the nervous system. Anaesthetics (Gr. anasihetikos, from a {an before vowels), not + aisthanomai, I feel). Agents which efface all sensation of pain, inducing pro- found stupor, ether and chloroform being typical anaesthetics. Analgesics (Gr. analgesikos, producing freedom from pain, from an = a, without + algesis, sense of pain) . Anodynes (Gr. an = a, without + odyne, pain) . Agents which reduce the sensation of pain, without inducing more than slight stupor. Antiperiodics (Gr. anti, against + periodikos, pertaining to a period). Employed to prevent recurrence of periodical attacks of fever, such as is experienced in malaria. Antispasmodics (Gr. anti, against + spasmos, a spasm). Used to allay spasms. Exhilarants (Lat. exhilarare, to make cheerful; ex, out (thoroughly) + hilaris, cheerful). Agents which temporarily excite or stimulate the nervous system. Narcotics (Gr. narkotikos, tending to benumb, from narkoun, to benumb). Stupefying agents, acting on the brain. Soporifics (Lat. sopor, heavy sleep + facere, to make). Agents which relieve nervous excitability and reduce nervous tension. Spinal Sedatives (Lat. spinalis, from spina, spine; sedare, to soothe). Medicines employed as motor depressants, reducing the activity of the cord. Spinal Stimulants (Lat. stimulans, pres. part, of stimulare, to incite). Agents which stimulate the activity of the spinal cord and motor apparatus. 3. Medicines acting chiefly on the heart and circulation. Vascular Sedatives (Lat. vascularis, pertaining to vasculum [diminutive of vas], a small vessel; sedare, to soothe). Having the opposite effect to that of vascular stimulants, contracting the vessels and diminishing the circulation. Vascular Stimulants (Lat. stimulans, stimulating). Medicines having the effect of increasing circulation, dilating the cutaneous vessels; heart stimulants. 4. Medicines acting on special organs. Anthelmintics (Gr. anti, against + helmins, helminthos, a worm). A remedy that expels intestinal worms, vermifuge. Carminatives (new Lat. carminare, to card, to cleanse) . Aromatics used for the purpose of expelling gas from the stomach and intestines, general stimulants. Cathartics (Gr. kathairein, to cleanse). Employed to promote intestinal evacuation, purgatives. Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL TERMS, SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED. 199 Cholagogues (Gr. cholos, bile + agogos, leading). Hepatic stimulants intended to remove accumulated bile from tbe intestinal tract, preventing its reabsorption. Diuretics (Gr. dia through + onroti, urine). Remedies increasing the secretion of the kidneys and promoting the flow of urine. Emetics (Lat. emeticus, emetic). Agents which produce vomiting. Errhines (Gr. en, in + rhis, rliiuos, nose). Remedies producing sneezing, sternutatories. Expectorants (Lat. expeciorare, to drive from the breast; ex, out + pectus, pectoris, breast). Agents promoting expectoration of bronchial secretions, cough remedies. Mydriatics (Gr. from mydriasis, enlargement of the pupil of the- eye). Agents employed to produce dilation of the pupil. Myotics (Gr. from myein, to close the eyes). Agents which contract the pupil. Sialogogues (Gr. sialon, saliva + agogos, leading). Agents which pro- mote secretion in the salivary glands, increasing the flow of saliva. Sudorifics (Lat. sudor, sweat + facere, to make). Sweat-producing remedies, also known as diaphoretics. 5 . External remedies. Antiseptics (Gr. anti, against + septikos, from sepein, to make putrid). Agents which prevent or check fermentation and putrefaction. Astringents (Lat. astringens, pres. part, of astringo, to draw tight). Agents which cause the contraction of tisstie, frequently used to reduce hemorrhage. Caustics (Gr. kaustikos, burning, from kaiein, to burn). Agents which when applied to the skin or other tissue destroy it, producing a slough. Demulcents (Lat. demulcens, pres. part, of demulceo, to soothe). Oily or mucilaginous drugs which have a local or soothing action and protective to the part under treatment. Disinfectants (Lat. dis, apart + infectus, past part, of inficere, to dip into, to infect). Agents which destroy germs of infection or which render them innocuous. Emollients (Lat. emolliens, pres. part, of emollio, to soften). Agents which soften the skin and tissue when applied locally. Epispastics (Gr. from epi, upon, to + span, to draw). Agents which blister the skin. Escharotics (Gr. escharotikos, causing a scar, from eschara, hearth, scar). See caustics. Rubefacients (Lat. ruber, red + facere, to make) . Agents applied to the skin producing redness of the same, a mild irritation. Styptics (Gr. styptikos, causing contractions, from styphcin, to contract). Agents which arrest hemorrhage; also called hemostatics. Digitized by Microsoft® CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE. 343. Chemical nomenclature is a study peculiar to itself, and one that can be consistently treated but briefly in a work such as this. Chemical terms, however, are employed in the work — terms such as sulphate, sulphite, carbonate, etc. The student may be able to use these terms more intelligently if we give a few concise statements concerning them, as follows : Salts that contain an acid whose name ends in "ic" (Latin, icus) have specific names which end in the syllable "ate" (Latin, -as, -atis), as carbonate and sulphate.* Therefore the terms sulphate, nitrate, carbonate, acetate, phosphate, etc., indicate that these chemical salts respectively contain sulphuric, nitric, carbonic, acetic, phosphoric acids, etc. The prefixes "bi" (Latin bis, twice) and "per" (Latin per, through, thoroughly, very) are sometimes employed, as, for ex- ample, in bicarbonate of potassium, peroxide of barium. The prefix "bi" recalls the fact that to a given amount of potassium, etc., the salt contains twice as much carbonic acid as the car- bonate. The prefix " per " shows that a very high, sometimes the highest, state of oxidation, etc., is present. Chemical salts whose names end in " ite " (Latin -is, -itis), as in sodium sulphite, are formed from acids whose names end in " ous" (Latin -osus, full of, having the quality of); sodium sul- phite therefore results from a combination of sodium and sul- phurous acid. The prefix "hypo" (Greek hypo, under) is applied to salts which are made of an acid containing less oxygen than an ous- acid. We have therefore a salt of sodium made from hyposul- phurous acid known as sodium hyposulphite. * The old spelling is here retained. Many scientists now prefer the spelling "sulfate," etc. Digitized by Microsoft® CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE. 201 The syllable "ide" (Latin -idum) attached to the chemical name indicates that the element itself is combined with another element, or radicle, to form a salt. Thus we have iodide of potassium, which implies that the element iodine is directly united with potassium. To recapitulate, a sulphate contains the sulphuric radicle or acid, the sulphite contains the sulphurous radicle, the hypo- sulphite contains the hyposulphurous radicle, and the sulphide contains the element sulphur, and so on with other inorganic "ates," "ites," "hypo-ites," "ides," etc. A word further with regard to naming certain metallic com- pounds, such as iron and mercury. These elements and many like them combine with elements and radicles in two proportions. Those compounds in which the acidulous radicles are in lesser amount employ the syllable "ous," the higher amount being designated by the term "ic." Thus we have ferrows and feme salts, and so we have mercuroMS and mercuric salts. In every pair of mercury compounds the mercuric contains twice as much complementary radicle, in proportion to the mercury, as the mercuroM5, as: MercuroMS chloride, HgCl; Mercurz'c chloride, HgCl 2 . Also, in every pair of iron compounds the feme contains more of the complementary radicle, in proportion to the iron, than the ferrous, as: Ferrows chloride, FeCl 2 ; Feme chloride, FeCl s . As above stated, it would be impossible to give any proper conception of chemical nomenclature in so limited a space, but the beginner may be helped by the above brief statements, espe- cially if he supplements these by a more comprehensive treat- ment of nomenclature as found in almost every manual of chem- istry. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. A, ab, prep., w. abl away jrom, by. Abacus, -I, m shelf, counter, ta'ble, bench. Ab-e5, 4, abivi, abil, abitum, intr go away, depart. Ab-hinc, adv since, ago. Abies, abietis, F fir-tree. Ab-rado, 3, -rasl, -rasum, tr shave, cut off or away. Abrotanum, -J, n southernwood. Abs-cessus, -us, m. [abs and cedo] a departing from; abscess. Absinthium, -!, n wormwood. Ab-sorbeo, 2, -sorbui and -sorpsl, -sorp- tum, tr absorb. Abs-tergeo, 2, abstersi, abstersum, tr. . .wipe off, cleanse. Abs-tractum, -I, N. [abs and traho] abstract. Ab-sum, abesse, abful to be away, absent. Ab-siimo, 3, -sumpsi, -sumptum, tr. [ab and sumo] take away, destroy. Abundantia, -as, f. (abundo) abundance. Ab-undo, 1, -avl, -atum, intr abound, have abundance. Ab-utor, -!, -usus sum, dep abuse, misuse. Ac, conj and; in compar., as, than. Acacia, -se, f acacia. Ac-cedo, 3, access!, accessum, intr. [ad and cedo] approach, draw near. Ac-cido, 3, accidi, intr. ; accidit, impers. .fall to or upon, occur; it happens. Ac-cipio, 3, -cepi, -ceptum, tr. [ad and capio] receive, accept. Acer, acris, acre, adj keen, sharp, eager. Acerbus, -a, -um, adj sour, bitter, painful. Acetanilidum, -1, n acetanilid. Acetas, -atis, M acetate. Acetum, -I, n vinegar. Achillea, -as, f achillea, milfoil, yarrow. ( Acidus, -a, -um, adj acid. I Acidum, -J, n an acid. Aconitina, -33, f aconitine, a poisonous alkaloid extracted from aconite. Aconitum, -1, n aconite. Digitized byWHcrosoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 203 Acorus, -1, p sweet flag. Actasa, -as, p actcea, cohosh. Acutus, -a, -um, adj acute, sharp. Ad, prep. w. ace to, at, near, towards, for; with numerals, about; ad %iv, to make 4 ounces. Ad-aperio, 4, -perui, -pertum, tr open, uncover. Additio, -onis, f addition. Ad-do, 3, addidl, additum, tr add. Adeps, ipis, m. and f fat, lard. Ad-fero or affero, -ferre, attuli, ad- or al-latum, tr bear to, bring. Ad-hibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr use, apply, employ. Ad-huc, adv hitherto, thus far, as yet. Adiantum, -I, n sweet fern. Ad-imo, 3, -emi, -emptum, tr take away, remove. Ad-ipiscor, adipisci, adeptus sum, dep. tr -gain, attain, secure. Ad-jicio or adicio, 3, -jeci, -jectum, tr. . .cast against, apply to, add. Adjutor, -oris, m. (adjuvo) assistant, clerk. Ad-jiivo, 1, -juvi, -jiitum, tr aid, help. Administratis, -onis, F practice, administration. Ad-misceo, 2, admlscul, admixtum (ad- mistum) , tr mix or mingle together. Admonitio, -onis, f admonition, warning. Ad-moveo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr apply, bring near. Ad-orno, 1, -avi, -atum. tr adorn. Ad-sum, -esse, -fui, intr to be present. Ad-uro, 3, -ussi, -iistum, tr burn. Adventus, -us, M coming, approach. Adversus, adv. and prep opposite, facing, against. Adversus, -a, -um, adj adverse, opposite. ^Eger, ffigra, Eegrum, adj sick. .lEgrotatio, -onis, f sickness. ^Egroto, 1, -avi, -atum be ill, diseased. .^Egrotus, -a, -um, adj sick, ill. ^gyptius, -a, -um, adj Egyptian. ^Equabiliter, ad equally, evenly, uniformly. yEqualis, -e, adj equal, uniform. yEque,' adv equally. ^Equus, -a, -um, adj level, even; calm, just; like. Aer, aeris, m air, atmosphere. ^Erugo, -inis, f rust of copper, verdigris. JEs, aeris, n bronze, brass. ^Esculapius, -1, M Aisculapius (god of healing). ^Estlvus, -a, -um, adj of summer, summer. ^Estus, -us, M heat. JEt&s, atis, f age. Digitized by Microsoft® 204 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. ^Ether, astheris, m ether. Affectus, -us, m affection, disease, malady. Af-fundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr. (ad and funds) pour, or sprinkle upon. Ager, agri, M field. Agitatio, -onis, f agitation, stirring. Agito, i, -avl, -atum, tr agitate, drive, stir. Ago, 3, egi, actum, tr lead, drive, do. Agrestis, -e, adj of the field, wild. Agricola, -as, m. [ager and cold, cultivate] .farmer. Aheneus, -a, -um, adj. (and ahenus) . . .brazen. Albesco, 3, , , intr grow white. Albumen, -inis, n albumen, white of egg. Albus, -a, -um, adj white. Alcohol, -is, m., or indecl., N alcohol. Alcoholicus, -a, -um, adj alcoholic. Aletris, -idis, F star-grass. Alienus, -a, -um, adj foreign, unsuitable, improper. Aliquando, adv at some time, sometimes. Aliquantulum, -I, n a little, somewhat. Aliquis, -qua, -quid some, some one. ( Aliquid bonl something (of) good. \ Aliquod bonum some good thing. Aliquot, indecl., adj several, a few, not many. Alius, -a, -ud, gen. -Tus, dat. I, adj another, other. Allium, -I, n. (and alium) garlic. Alnus, -I, F alder. Alo, 3, alui, alitum or altum feed, nourish, support. Aloe, -es, f aloe. Alter, altera, alteram, gen. -Tus, dat. -I, adj one of two, the other. Altus, -a, -um, part, adj high, tall, deep. Alumen, -inis, N alum. Aluta, -as, f thinly-dressed leather. Alvus, -I, f belly, paunch, bowels. Amans, -antis, part, adj loving, fond. Amarus, -a, -um, adj bitter. America, -as, F America. Americanus, -a, -um, adj American. Amicus, -a, -um, adj friendly. Amicus, -I, M friend. 5-mitto, 3, -mlsl, -missum, tr loose, let go, send away. AmmSnia, -as, F ammonia. Ammoniacus, -a, -um, adj of Ammon, ammoniacal. Ammonium, l, N ammonium. Amo, i, -avl, -atum, tr love, like. Amomum, -!, n amomum (a spice shrub) . Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 205 Amotio, -onis, f displacement, removal. Amphora, -as, p jar, flagon. Amplius, adv. comp. deg more, longer, further. Amplus, -a, -urn, adj ample, large. Ampulla, -32, f bottle, jug, flask. Amygdala, -33, f almond. Amylum, -I, n starch. An, conj. after utrum, -ne or. Ana, med. term of each. f Ansestheticus, -a, -um, adj ancesthetic. I Anasstheticum, -I, n an ancesthetic. Andreas, -as, m Andreas (a Greek physician). Angelica, -33, f angelica. Anglice, adv in English. Angulus, -i, M comer. Angustus, -a, -urn, adj narrow. Animadversio, -onis, F attention, censure, punishment. Animal, -alis, n animal. Animus, -1, M mind, soul. Anisum, -1, n anise. Anulus, -1, m ring. Annus, -1, M year. Antalgicus, -a, -um . . '. subduing pain. Ante, prep before. Antea, adv before, formerly. Ante-eo, 4, -tvi, -ii, , intr. [ante and eo] go before, surpass. Ante-quam, adv before, before that. Anthemis, -idis, f anthemis; chamomile. Antidotum, -T, n antidote. Antimonialis, -e, adj antimonial. Antimonium, -1, n antimony. Antlquitus, adv in ancient times. f Antiquus, -a, -um, adj old, ancient. \ Antlqui, M the ancients. Antipyreticus, -a, -um, adj antipyretic; driving away fever. Anus, us, f old woman. Aperio, 4, -ui, -turn, tr lay open, disclose. Apex, -icis, M point, top. Apotheca, -as, f store-house, store. Appello, 1, -avi, -atum, tr call, name. Ap-plico, 1, -a vi, -atum, tr apply, attach. Ap-pono, 3, apposui, appositum, tr apply, put on. Ap-prehendo, 3, -hendl, -hensum, tr grasp, seize, lay hold of. Ap-propinquo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr approach, draw near. Apricus, -a, -um, adj sunny. Aptus, -a, -um, part, adj apt, fit, suitable. Aqua, -33, F water. Digitized by Microsoft® 206 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Aqua fortis, p nitric acid. Aquasductus, -us, M aqueduct. Aquosus, -a, -um, adj watery, abounding in water. Arabicus, -a, -um, adj Arabian. Arbor, -oris, f tree. ArceS, 2, -ui, , tr keep away, ward off. Arcesso, 3, arcessivi, arcessltum, tr send for, summon. Archagathus, -J, M the first Greek surgeon at Rome. Arena, -a;, F sand, sand-bath. Argentum, -I, n silver. Aridus, -a, -um, adj dry, arid. Aristolochia, -as, f aristolochia, birthwort. Arnica, -as, f arnica. Aro, 1, -avl, -atum, tr plough. Aromaticus, -a, -um, adj aromatic. Ars, artis, r art. Arsenas, -atis, n arsenate. Arsenicum, -I, n., arsenic. Arsenis, -itis, M arsenite. Arte, adv closely, tightly. Artemisia, -a?, f wormwood. f Articularius, -a, -um of the joints. *■ Articularius morbus gout. Articulus, -1, M joint. Asafcetida or assafcetida, -as, f asafetida. Asiaticus, -a, -ran, adj Asiatic. Asper, -a, -um, adj rough. As-sentior, -iri, assensus sum , intr assent. As-sumo, 3, -sumpsi, -sumptum, tr assume, take. Assus, -a, -um, adj roasted. At, conj but, but on the contrary. Ater, atra, Strum, adj black, gloomy. f Atramentum any black liquid, ink. I Atramentum sutorum blacking. Atroplna, -as, f atropine. At-tendo, 3, -tendi, -tentum, tr stretch toward, attend. Attente, adv attentively. At-tingo, 3, -tigl, -tactum, tr touch, attain, aim at. At -tollo, 3, , raise up, lift. Attonitus, -a, -um, part, adj amazed, astounded. Auctus, -us, m increase, growth. Audax, -acis, adj bold, courageous. Audio, 4, -Ivi, -Itum, tr hear. Au-fero, -ferre,-abstuli, ablatum, tr. [ab and ferre] take or bear away. Au-fugio, 3, -Mgi, , intr flee, run away. Augeo, 2, auxl, auctum increase. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 207 Aula, -as, f hall, court. Aula (for 611a), -as, p pot, jar. Auripigmentum, -I, n orpiment, yellow arsenic sulphide. Auris, -is, p ear _ Austerus, -a, -urn, adj harsh, sour. Aut, conj or. Autalgia, -as, p (localized) pain. Autem, conj. (never first word in its clause) but, however, on the other hand. Auxilium, -1, n aid, assistance. Balneum, -1, n bath, bath-room. Balsamum, -1, n balsam. Barbarum, -I, n name of a Roman plaster. Basis, -is, f base. Bdellium, -i, n vine-palm, and gum exuding from Beatus, -a, -um, part, adj happy. [it. Belladonna, -as, f belladonna, atropa. Bene, adv well. Benignus, -a, -um, adj hind, obliging. Benzlnum, -I, n benzine. Benzomatus, -a, -um benzoinated. Benzoinum, -1, n benzoin. Berberis, -idis, F barberry tree. Bergamotta, -as, f bergamot. Beta, -as, f beet. Bibo, 3, bib!, bititum, tr drink. Bicarbonas, -atis, m bicarbonate. Biduum, -1, n space of two days. Biliosus, -a, -um, adj biliovis. Bilis, -is, F bile. Bull, -as, -a, adj two by two, two each. Bis, adv twice. Bismuthum, -I, n bismuth. Bisulphas, -atis, M bisulphate. Bisulphidum, -I, n bisulphide. Bitartras, -atis, m bitartrate. Bolus, -1, M morsel, bolus, a large pill. Bonus, -a, -um, adj good. Borax, -acis, M borax. Bos, bovis, m. and p ox, cow. Bracchium or bracbium, -I, n arm, upper arm. Brassica, -as, f cabbage. Breviter, adv briefly. Bromidum, -T, N bromide. Bromum, -I, n bromine. Bronchialis, -e, adj bronchial. Digitized by Microsoft® 208 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Buchu, indecl., N buchu. Bulbus, -T, m bulb. Bulliens, -entis, part, adj -. .boiling. Bullio, 4, -ivi, -itum, intr bubble, boil. Burgundicus, -a, -um, adj of Burgundy. Butyrum, -I, n butter. Caca.6, indecl., n.., or -onis, M cacao. Caffelna, -as, f caffeine. Calamus, -I, m sweet flag. Calcinatio, -onis, F calcination. Calcium, -I, N calcium. Calda or calida (sc. aqua), -as, f warm water. Caldus, -a, -um, or calidus, adj hot. Cale-facio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr heat, make hot. Calendula, -as, f calendula, wild marigold. Calens, -entis, adj warm. Calor, -oris, M heat. Calumba, -as, f calumba. Calx, calcis, M. and f limestone. Campana, -a?, f bell. Camphora, -as, f camphor. Camphoratus, -a, -um, adj camphorated, combined with cam- phor. Campus, -i, M plain, campus. Canadensis, -e, adj Canadian, Canada (adj.). Cancer, -cri, and -ceris, M cancer, a spreading ulcer. Canis, -is, M. and f dog. Cannabinus, -a, -um, adj of hemp, hempen. Cannabis, -is, f hemp. , Cantharis, -idis, f Spanish fly, cantharis. Capax, -acis, adj capacious. Capillitium, -i, n hair of the head. Capio, 3, cepi, captum, tr take. Capsicum, -1, N Cayenne pepper, capsicum. Capsula, -as, f capsule. Capto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr catch, try to catch. Caput, -itis, N head. Carbo, -onis, M carbon, charcoal. Carbolicus, -a, -um, adj carbolic. Carbonas, -atis, M carbonate. Carboneum, -1, N carbon {as element). Carbonicus, -a, -um, adj carbonic. Cardamomum, -T, N cardamom. Careo, 2, -til, -itum, intr want, lack. Carmen, -inis, n song, charm. Caro, carnis, f flesh, meat. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 209 Carolus, -I, m Charles. Carum, -I, n caraway. Carus, -a, -um, adj dear. Caryophyllum, -I, n clove. Caryophyllus, -I, F clove-tree. Cascarilla, -as, f cascarilla. Caseus, -1, M cheese. Cassia or casia, -a?, f cassia. Castoreum, -1, n castoreum. Casus, us, M fall, mishap, chance. Cataplasma, -atis, n poultice. Catarrhus, -I, M catarrh. Catechu, indecl., n catechu. Catharticus, -a, -um, adj cathartic. Catlnus, -I, m dish, bowl. Cato, -6nis, M Cato {Roman censor). Caulis, -is, m stalk of plant; cabbage. f Causa, -as, f cause, reason. \ Causa, with abl for the sake of, on account of. Causticus, -a, -um, adj caustic, burning. Caute, adv cautiously, carefully. Caved, 2, cavi, cautum, tr. and intr. . . .beware, avoid. Cc, abbrev. for cubicum centimetrum (cubica centrimetra) cubic centimetre {centimetres) . Cedo, 3, cessi, cessum, tr. and intr yield, retire. Celer, -eris, -e, adj quick, swift. Celeriter, adv quickly, speedily. Cella, -as, f cell, cellar. Celsus, -I, m Celsus {Roman physician). Censeo, 2, censui, censum, tr think, believe. Censor, -oris, M ■ • .censor. Centum, num. adj hundred. Cepa, -as, f onion. Cera, -as, f wax. Cerasum, -I, n cherry. Cerasus, -1, f cherry-tree. Ceratum, -I, N cerate, "a waxed dressing." Ceratus, -a, -um, part, adj waxed. Cerebralis, -e, adj cerebral. Cerevisia, or cervisia, -a?, f beer. Certamen, -inis, N strife, contest. Certg, adv certainly, surely. Certus, -a, -um, adj certain, sure. Cervinus, -a, -um, adj of a stag, or hart. Cesso, 1, -avi, -atum, intr cease, stop, be idle. Cetaceum, -I, N spermaceti, sperm. Ceterus, -a, -um, adj. ... ..... ......... . .the other, the rest. '" ' Digitized by Microsoft® 2IO LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Cetraria, -as, p ceiraria, Iceland moss. Chalcitis, -idis, M copper ore, a precious stone, chal- Chamomilla, -as, F chamomile. [citis. Charta, -as, F paper, powder. Chartaceus, -a, -um, adj of paper, paper. Chemla, -as, f chemistry. ! Chemicus, -a, -um, adj chemical, chemist. <■ Chemicus, -I, M chemist. Chimaphila, -as, f chimaphila, wintergreen. Chiragra, -as, f gout in the hand. Chirata, -as, f chirata. Chirurgus, -I, M surgeon. Chloral, -alis, n., or chloral, indecl., N. . .chloral. Chloras, -atis, M chlorate. Chlorinatus, -a, -um, adj chlorinated, combined with chlo- Chloridum, -I, N , chloride. \rine. Chloroformum, -i, n chloroform. Chlorum, -!, n chlorine. Cholera, -as, f cholera. Chronicus, -a, -um, adj chronic. Chrysarobmum, -I, n chrysarobin. f Cibus, -I, M food. t- post cibum after meals. Cicatrix, -Tcis, f scar. Cicuta, -as, f , hemlock. Cieo, 2, civi, citum, tr move, excite, promote. Cimicifuga, -as, f cimicifuga, black cohosh. Cinchona cinchona. Cinchonidma, -as, f cinchonidine. Cinchonma, -as, f cinchonina. Cinnamomum, -I, n cinnamon. Cinnamomeus, -a, -um, adj of cinnamon. Circa., adv., prep., w. ace about, around. Citissime, adv most quickly. Cito, adv quickly, speedily, soon. Citras, -atis, M citrate. Citrus, -I, M citrus, lemon-tree. Civis, -is, M. and F citizen. Clvitas, -atis, f state. Clare, adj clearly. Clarificatio, -onis, f clarification. Clarus, -a, -um, adj clear, bright, famous. Claudico, i, , , intr halt, be lame. Claudo, 3, clausi, clausum, tr close, shut. Claudus, -a, -um, adj lame. Cloaca, -as, f sewer, drain. Coagulum, -!, n .- rennet. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 211 Coca, -as, p coca, erythroxylon. Cocalna, -as, f cocaine. Coccus, -I, m. and f cochineal. /Cochleare, -aris, n spoon, spoonful. cochleare amplum, magnum .... a tablespoonful. cochleare medium, modicum .... a dessertspoonful. cochleare parvum, minimum .... a teaspoonful. Coctio, -6nis, f a cooking, coction. Ccelum, -I, n sky, heaven. Co-eo, 4, -Ivi, -ii, -itum, intr combine, unite. Coepi, coepisse, coeptus (perfect system only) begun, have begun. Coerced, 2, coercui, coercitum, tr check, restrain. Coffea, -as, f coffee. CSgito, 1, -avi, -a/turn, tr. and intr think, consider. Cognosco, 3, -gnovi, -gnitum become acquainted with, learn, C6go, 3, coegi, coactum, tr force together, collect. [know. Co-hibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr check, restrain. Cohors, -ortis, F cohort. Colatura, -as, f filtration; that which has been Colchicum, -1, n colchicum. [strained. Colla, -as, F glue. Col-lido, 3, -isi, -Isum, tr dash or strike together, bruise. j Collodes, Greek adj glue-like. I- Collodes, F glue-like substance. Collodium, -1, n collodion. Col-loquor, colloqui, collocutus, sum, dep. , intr converse, talk with. Collum, -I, N neck. Colluvies, -61, f filth, dirt, washing together of Colo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr filter, strain. [filth. Colocynthis, -idis, F colocynth. Colombo, -onis, F. (calumba) calumba. Color, -oris, M color, complexion. Colum, -I, N filter, strainer, sieve. Columba, -as, f dove, pigeon. Comes, -itis, M companion, comrade. Commentarium, -I, N commentary. Com-minu6, 3, -til, -titum, tr diminish, crush, break into pieces. Comminutio, -onis, f comminution. Com-misceo, 2, -miscul, -mlxtum, -mis- tum, tr mix, mingle tog Commodus, -a, -um, adj fit, suitable; af, Communis, -e, adj common. Comparativus, -a, -um, adj comparative, specific. Comparo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr prepare; match, compare. Comperio, 4, -peri, -pertum, tr ascertain, find out, discover. Digitized by Microsoft® 212 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Com-pono, 3, composui, compositum , tr. .compound, make up. Compositio, -onis, f compound, composition. Compositus, -a, -tim, part, adj compound, composite. Con-cldo, 3, -Idl, -Isum, tr cut up, cut to pieces. Con-cipio, 3, concept, conceptum, tr contract, take, conceive. Con-coquo, 3, -coxi, -coctum, tr cook, mature, ripen, digest. Concordo, 1, -avl, -Stum, intr agree. Con-cresco, 3, -crevi, -cretum, intr run together, thicken, grow to- Condensatio, -onis, f condensation. [gether. Con-discipulus, -1, M fellow- pupil. Conductus, -a, -ran, part, of con-duco . .induced, persuaded, hired. Confectio, -onis, f confection, electuary. /C6n-fero,c6nferre,contuli, collatum, tr. bring together, collect. I se conferre to betake one's self, go. Con-ficio, 3, confecl, confectum, tr complete, finish. C6n-fiteor, -fiterT, -fessus sum, dep. tr. . .confess. Congestio, -onis, f congestion. Congestivus, -a, -um, adj congestive. Congius, -1, M gallon. Co-hibeo, 2, -ui, -itum restrain, ward off. Conium, -1, n hemlock. Conjecto, 1, -avl, -atum throw together; conjecture, guess. Con jectura, -ae, f. [con and jacere] a throwing together, conjecture, Con-jicio or conicio, 3, conjeci, conjectum, [guess. tr throw, cast, fling together, guess. Conor, -arl, -atus sum, dep. tr. and intr. .try, attempt, endeavor. Con-quasso, 1 (no perf.), -atum shake vigorously. Con -servo, 1, -avi, -atum keep safe, preserve. Considers, 3, -avl, -atum, tr inspect, consider, deliberate. Con-sido, 3, consedi, consessum, intr. . . .sit down, take a seat. Consilium, -I, n advice, counsel, plan, pur pis ■. Conspectus, -us, m sight, seeing, view. Constat (impersonal from consto) it is agreed, evident, clear Con-sto, 1, -stiti, -statum, intr be made up of, consist of. Con-sumo, 3,consumpsi,consumptum,tr. consume, spend. Consumptio, -onis, f consumption. Contagiosus, -a, -um, adj contagious. Contentus, -a, -um, part, adj contented, satisfied. Con-tero, 3, -trlvi, -tritum, tr bruise, pound, mash up. Con-tineo, 2, continul, contentum, tr. . . .contain. Con-tingo, 3, contigi, contactum, tr touch, happen. Continue, adv continuously, without break. Continuo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr continue, keep on, prolong. Contra, prep. w. ace. and adv /P re P" a ^ ainst ' contr , ar y *°' adv " I on the contrary, on the other hand. Contrarius, -a, -um, adj contrary, opposite to. Contumeliosus, -a, -um, adj abusive. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 213 Con-tundo, 3, -tudi, -tusum, tr bruise, crush. Contusio, -onis, f contusion, bruise. Contusus, -a, -urn, part, adj bruised. Con-valesco, 3, convalui, , intr recover health. Convallis, -is, f valley. Con-venio, 4, -veni, -ventum, intr meet, come together. Convulsio, -onis, f convulsion. Convulsivus, -a, -um, adj convulsive. Copaiba, -ae, f copaiba. Copia, -a?, f supply, abundance. Coquo, 3, coxl, coctum, tr cook; boil, bake, fry, etc. Cor, cordis, n heart. Coriandrum, -1, n coriander. Cornu, -us, N horn. Cornus, -1, f., and -us, f cornus, dogwood. Corpus, -oris, n body. Cortex, -icis, M bark, rind, cork. Coryza, -33, f nasal catarrh. Costum, -1, n an Oriental aromatic plant. Cotidie, or quotidie, adv daily. Coxa, -as, f hip, haunch. Cras, adv to-morrow. Crasse, adv coarsely. Crassus, -a, -um, adj coarse, gross. Crastinus, -a, -um, adj of to-morrow. Creber, -bra, -brum, adj '.frequent, repeated. Credo, 3, credidl, creditum, tr. and intr. credit, believe. Cresco, 3, crevl, cretum, intr grow, increase. Creta, -as, f chalk. Creticus, -a, -um, adj of Crete, Cretan. Crlbro, 1, -avl, -atum, tr sift. Crlbrum, -1, n sieve. Crocus, -1, M saffron. Crucio, 1, -avl, -atum, tr torture. Crudelis, -e, adj cruel. Crudus, -a, -um, adj raw, crude. Cruentus, -a, -um, adj bloody. Crystallizatus, -c, -um, part, adj crystallized. Crystallus, -I, m crystal. Cubans, -antis, part. adj. (also as noun) .lying sick, a patient. Cubeba, -as, f cubeb. Cucumis, -eris, M cucumber. Cucurbita, -33, F gourd, squash; cupping glass. Cucurbitula, -as, F cupping-glass. Culpa, -ae, F fault, blame. Culter, -tri, m knife. Cum, prep. w. abl. . .-, ..... ..,,..,.... .with^^ F * Digitized by Microsoft® 214 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Cum, conj when, since, because, though. Cuminum, -I, n cumin. Cupreus, -a, -urn, adj of copper, copper. Cur, adv why. Cura, -ae, p care. Curatio, -onis, f a taking care; curing, cure. Curo, i, -avl, -atum, tr care for, cure, dress. Cursor, -oris, m runner. Cutis, -is, f shin, complexion. Cyathus, -I, m small cup, wine glass. Cylindratus, -a, -um, adj cylindrical. Damnum, -I, n loss, damage. Datura Stramonium Jamestown weed. Daucum, -I, n carrot. De, prep. w. abl from, concerning, about. Debeo, 2, debui, debitum, tr owe, ought. Debilis, -e, adj feeble, weak. Decantatio, -onis, f pouring off, racking. Decanto, 1, -avl, -atum, tr rack off, decant. Decern, adj ten. Decet, 2,decuit, , impers. tr. andintr. it becomes, is fitting, is right. De-cido, 3, -idi, , intr fall down, fall from. Decies, num. adv ten times. Decimus, -a, -um, adj tenth. Decoctio, -onis, f cooking down, boiling away. Decoctum, -I, n decoction. De-coquo, 3, -coxi, -coctum, tr cook down, boil away. Dedecus, -oris, N disgrace, shame. De-faeco, 1, -avl, -atum, tr drain off, rack. De-fervefacio, 3, -feci, -facttim, tr heat thoroughly, cause to boil. De-fessus, -a, -um, part, adj tired out, weary. De-fmgo, 3, -finxl, , tr form, shape. De-fmio, 4, -Ivi, -ii, -Itum, tr define. DSflagratio, -onis, f conflagration, burning down. De-fluo, 3, -fluxi, -fluxum, intr flow down, fall off. De-fundo, 3, -fudl, -fusum, tr pour out or off. De-gusto, 1, -avl, -atum, tr taste. » Dein, adv ■) , , ,. . , , > then, alter, that. Demde, adv J ' Delenlmentum, -1, N soothing application. Deleo, 2, -evl, -etum, tr destroy. De-ligo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr bind, tie. De-minuo, 3, -minui, -minutum, tr diminish. Deminutio, -6nis, F decrease, diminution. De-mitto, 3, -Isi, -issum, tr send down; let, cast, or throw De-monstro, 1, -avl, "gtojfe^/ t)V NUcrSSffft® 11 ' s ^ ow > P rove - [down. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Denique, adv finally, lastly. Densus, -a, -um, adj dense, crowded. Denuo, adv. [de and novo] anew, again. De-primo, 3, -pressl, -pressum, tr press down, sink. Depstlcius, -a, -um, adj kneaded. De-puro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purify. Derivatio, -onis, f derivation. De-rlv6, 1, -avi, -atum, tr derive. De-scendo, 3, descend!, descensum, intr. . descend, go down. Desiccatio, -onis, f desiccation, drying. De-sicco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr dry, make dry. Deslderatus, -a, -um, part, adj desired, longed for. Desldero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr long for, want, desire. De-sisto, 3, -stiti, -stitum, intr cease, desist. De-spero, 1, -avi, -atum, intr despair. De-spumatus, -a, -um, part, adj clarified. Destillatio, -onis, f distillation. Destillatus or distillatus, -a, -um, part. adj distilled. De-stillo or distills, 1, -avi, -atum, intr. . .distil, drop. De-sudo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr sweat greatly. De-traho, 3, -axi, -actum, tr draw, take away. De-voro, t , -avi, -atum, tr swallow whole, devour. Dexter, -tra, -trum, and -tera, -terum, adj right. Diagnosis, -is, f diagnosis. Diaphoresis, -is, F perspiration. Dico, 3, dixi, dictum, tr say, speak, declare. Dies, -el, m day. Dif-fero, -ferre, distuli, dllatum [dis, apart, and ferre, to bear] bear apart, scatter, put off. Difficilis, -e, adj difficult. Digeratio, -onis, F arranging, digestion. Di-gero, 3, -gessi, -gestum, tr distribute, arrange, digest. Digestio, -onis, f distribution, digestion. Digitalis, -is, F digitalis, fox-glove. Digitus, -1, m finger. Diligens, -entis, part, adj diligent, attentive, careful. Diligenter, adv diligently, carefully. Diligentia, -as, F diligence, carefulness. Dilutus, -a, -um, part, adj diluted, weakened. Dimidia, -a, f. (sc. pars.) half. Dimidium, -1, n half. Dimidius, -a, -um, adj halved, half. Diphtheria, -as, F. diphtheria. Dis-cedo, 3, -cessi, -cessum, intr go away, depart, separate, Dlscipulus, -I. m , . .pupil, scholar., • Digitized by Microsoft® 215 2l6 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Disco, 3, didici, , tr learn. Dispensatio, -onis, F weighing out, dispensing. Dispensatorium, -T, n dispensatory. Dissipo, i, -avl, -atum, tr scatter, waste. Distentio, -onis, f stretching, distention. Dis-tero, 3, -trivl, -tritum, tr rub, grind well. Diu, adv a long time; in the daytime. Diurnus, -a, -um, adj in the daytime, by day. Diuturnus, -a, -um, adj 0} long continuance, long. Dlversus, -a, -um, part, adj opposed, diverse, contrary. Dives, -itis, adj rich. Divido, 3, -visi, -visum, tr divide. Divitiae, -arum, F riches, wealth. Do, dare, dedi, datum, tr give. Doceo, 2, docui, doctum, tr teach. Doctus, -a, -um, part, adj learned. Doled, 2, -ui, -itum, tr. and intr grieve, be in pain, grieve at. Dolor, -oris, M pain, smart, grief. Dolorosus, -a, -um, adj painful, full of sorrow. Dolus, -i, M wile, trick. Domesticus, -a, -um, adj domestic. Dominus, -1, M master, proprietor. Domus, -us, f house, ace. home; domi, at home. Donee, conj until, as long as. Dormio, 4, -Ivi, and ii, -Itum, intr sleep. Dosis, -is, F dose. Drachma, -ae, f drachm. Drama, -atis, n drama, play. Dubito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr doubt, be uncertain. Dubius, -a, -um, adj doubtful, be uncertain. Duco, 3, duxl, ductum, tr lead. Dulcis, -e, adj sweet, pleasant. Dum, conj while, as long as, until. Duo, -as, -o, num. adj two. Duplex, -icis, adj double, twofold. Durus, -a, -um, adj hardy, tough, rugged. Dux, ducis, m leader. Dyspepsia, -a, F dyspepsia. 1 Dyspepticus, -a, -um, adj dyspeptic. I Dyspepticus, -I, M a dyspeptic. Dyspnoea, -as, f difficulty of breathing. E, ex, prep., w. abl out of, from. E-bullio, 4, intr boil, bubble up. Ebullitio, -onis, f bubbling, boiling. Ebur, -oris, N ivory. Edo, edere and esse, edi, esum.tr. ..... . .eat. „_ Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 217 E-duco, 3, eduxl, eductum, tr lead out, draw out. Effectus, -us, M effect, power, efficacy. Ef-fero, efferre, extull, Slatum, tr carry out, bear forth. Effervescens, -entis, part, adj effervescent. Ef-fervesc6, 3, efferbul, , intr effervesce, begin to boil. Ef-ficio, 3, effeci, effectum, tr cause, make, effect. Ef-fugio, 3, effugl, tr. and intr flee, escape. Ef-fundo, 3, effudi, effusum, tr pour out. Effusio, -onis, P pouring out or off. Egeo, 2, egul, , intr. with abl. or gen. need, want. Ego, mei, etc 7. E-labor, 3, elabi, elapsus sum, dep. intr. slide or slip away, escape. Elasticus, -a, -um, adj elastic, stretching. Elaterium, -I, n elaterium {derived from the wild Elatus, -a, -um, part, adj., fr. eflero . .elated, uplifted. [cucumber). Electuarium, -1, and electarium, N electuary, confection. Electus, -a, -um, part, (adj.) , fr. eligo . . chosen, selected. Elegans, -antis, adj elegant. E-licio, 3, -cui, -citum, tr draw out, elicit. Elixir, -iris, N. or indecl elixir. Elixus, -a, -um, adj boiled. Eluo, 3, -ui, -utum wash out or off. Emeticum, -i, n an emetic. Emeticus, -a, -um, adj emetic. E-missi6, -6nis, f sending or letting out, emission. 1 Emitto, 3, -mlsT, -missum, tr send out, let on. \ Emittere sanguinem let blood, bleed. Emo, 3, emi, emptum, tr buy. Emolliens, -entis, part, adj emollient, softening. E-mollio, 4, -lvi, -ii, -Itum, tr soften, make tender. Empiricus, -1, M empiric, quack. Emplastrum, -J, n plaster. Emptor, -oris, M buyer, purchaser. Emulsum, -I, n., or emulsio, -6nis, F. . . .emulsion. En, interj lol see ! look there! Enema, -atis, n clyster, injection. Enim, conj for, namely. Ed, ire, ivi, and ii, itum, intr go. Epispasticus, -a, -um, adj blistering. Epistomium, -1, N stopper, stop-cock, stopple. Equidem, conj indeed, truly. Ergota, -se, f ergot. E-rigo, 3, erexi, erectum, tr erect, prick up. Erro, 1, -avi, -atum, intr err, make a mistake. Error, oris, M error, mistake. E-rudio, 4, -ivi and -if, -Itum, tr instruct. Erudltus, -a, -um, a%jg it j t edWMicrOSotf& refined ' ^^ 2l8 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. E-rump5, 3, -rupT, -ruptum, tr. and intr. break forth, cause to break forth. Ervum, -I, n pulse, vetch. Erythroxylon, -I, n erythroxylon, coca. Essentia, -se, F essence. Etiam, adv. and conj also, even, yes. Euonymus, -I, F euonymus, burning bush, wahoo. Eupatorium, -I, n thoroughwort, eupatorium. Evaporatio, -onis, f evaporation. Evapord, i, -avi, -atum, tr evaporate. Eventus, -us event, result. Ex or e, prep. w. abl from, out of. Ex vino in wine. Exactus, -a, -um, part, adj exact, precise. Excelsus, -a, -um, adj tall, high. Ex-cerpo, 3, -cerpsl, -cerptum, tr take out, select. Ex-cipio, 3, -cepi, -ceptum, tr receive, except, follow, succeed. Excipulum, -i, x receptacle. Excito, 1, -avi, -atum, tr excite, raise up. Ex-clamo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr. and tr. . .exclaim, cry out. Ex-corio, 1, -avi, -atum, tr skin, pay. Ex-edo, 3, -edi, -esum, tr eat up, consume. Ex-eo, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, intr go out. Ex-erceo, 2, exercui, exercitum, tr exercise, practice, train. Exercitatio, -onis, f exercise. Exercitus, -us, M army. Ex-haurio, 4, -hausi, -haustum, tr draw off, exhaust. Ex-hibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr give, offer to, show. Ex-igo, 3, -egi, exactum, tr exact, demand. Eximius, -a, -um, adj remarkable. Ex-imo, 3, -emi, -emptum, tr take out, except. Ex-istimo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr think, estimate. Experientia, -as, f experience. Experimentum, -i, N experiment. Ex-perior, -perirl, -pertus sum, dep. . . . test, make use of. Expertus, -a, -um, part, adj experienced, skillful. Ex-plico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr unfold, explain. Expressio, -onis, F expression. Ex-primo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr express, press out. Ex-seco, 1, -secui, -sectum, tr cut out, cut away. Exsiccatio, -onis, F a drying out. Exsiccatus, -a, -um, part, adj dried out, dry. Ex-sicco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr dry, dry out. Exspectatus, -a, -um, part, adj expected. Ex-spect6, 1, -avi, -atum, tr expect, wait for. Ex-sudo or exiido, 1, -avi, -atum sweat, exude. Ex-sugo, 3, -suxi, -suctum, tr suck out. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 219 Ex-tendo, 3, -tendl, -tentum and -ten- 1 > stretch out, extend. sum, tr J Extractum, -1, n extract. Ex-traho, 3, -traxl, -tractum, tr draw out, extract. Faba, -se, f bean. Fabrica, -as, f workshop, manufactory. Fabricius, -I, m Fabricius (a famous Roman Fabrico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr make, fabricate. [general). Fabula, -as, f fable, story. Fabulus, -I, M a small bean. Facies, -el, f face, appearance. Facile, adv easily. Facilis, -e, adj easy. Facio, 3, feci, factum, tr make, do. Fallax, -acis, adj fallacious, deceitful. Fallo, 3, fefelll, falsum, tr deceive, disappoint, escape notice. Falx, -cis, f sickle. Fama, -as, f report. Familia -as, F family, household. Farina, -as, F flour, meal. Fascia, -as, f bandage. Fasciculus, -1, M small package, bundle. Fastldio, 4, -Ivi and -ii, -Itum, tr scorn, disdain. Fastldiosus, -a, -um, adj fastidious, dainty. Fatalis, -e, adj fatal. Fauces, faucium, f pharynx, gullet, throat. Febricito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr be ill of fever, have fever. Febricula, -as, f light fever. Febrilis, -e, adj febrile, causing fever. Febris, -is, F fever. Fel, fellis, N gall. Felix, Icis happy, fortunate. Femina, -as, f woman, female. Fere, adv almost, for the most part, usually. Fermentatio, -onis, f fermentation. Fermentum, -1, N cause of ferment, leaven. Fero, ferre, tull, latum, tr bear, carry. Ferreus, -a, -um, adj of iron, iron. Ferrum, -1, n iron. Ferve-facio, 3, -feci, -factum heat, cause to boil. Fervens, -entis, part, adj hot, boiling. Ferveo, 2, fervi and ferbui, . intr.; ),,.,. , , , , ' ' y be boiling hot, glow, burn. also fervo, 3 > Fervidus, -a, -um, adj hot, fiery, glowing. Fervor, -oris, M violent heat. Festmo, x, -avi, -atunjp^ggdyig^r^^^^ 220 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Ficus, -I and -us, f fig-tree, fig. Fideliter, adv faithfully. Fides, -ei, f faith, trust, confidence. Fldus, -a, -um, adj faithful, trusty. Fllia, -as, f daughter. Filius, -I, m son. Filtratio, -onis, f filtration. Filtro, i, -a. vi, -atum, tr filter. Filum, -I, n thread, cord, filament. Finio, 4, -Ivi, -ii, -Itum, tr end, finish. Finis, -is, m end, limit. I Fi5, fieri, factus sum make, be made, become. I Fiat let be made, make. Firme, adv firmly. Firmus, -a, -um, adj firm. Flxus, -a, -um, part, adj fixed, established. Flagellum, -I, N scourge, lash. Flavesco, 3, , , intr grow yellow, be yellow. Flavus, -a, -um, adj yellow. Fleo, 2, flevi, fletum, intr. and tr weep, bewail. Flexilis, -e, adj flexible. Florens, -entis, part, adj flourishing, prosperous, success- Flos, -oris, m flower. [ful. Fluidus, -a, -um, adj fluid, flowing. Fluo, 3, fluxi, fluxum, intr flow. Fluor, -oris, m fluidity, flowing, flux. Fluxus, -us, M a flowing, flux. Focus, -I, M hearth, fireplace. Foeniculum, -I, N fennel. Folium, -1, N leaf. Fons, fontis, m fountain, spring, well. Fontanus, -a, -um, adj of fountain, fountain. Foramen, -inis, N opening, hole. Foras, adv out of doors, out (with verbs of Formica, -33, f ant. [motion). Formo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr form, mould, fashion. Formula, -as, f formula, rule. Fors, fortis, f chance. Forsan, adv perhaps. Forte, adv by chance, perhaps. Fortis, -e, adj brave, bold. Foveo, 2, fovi, fotum, tr nourish, foster, warm. Fractura, -33, f fracture, break. Fractus, -a, -um, part, adj broken. Fragilis, -e, adj brittle, fragile. Fragmen, -inis, N fragment, piece. Fragor, -oris, m Digitized by Mcr&sif0 n £' noise < ex P^ion. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 221 Frango, 3, fregl, fractum, tr break, fracture. Frater, -tris, m brother. Frico, 1, -cui, -ctum, tr rub. Frlgidus, -a, -um, adj cold. Frons, frontis, F forehead, brow. Fructus, -us, M fruit, enjoyment. I Frumentum, -I, n corn, grain. ( Spiritus frumenti, whiskey. Fruor, frui, fructus or fruitus sum, dep. 1 intr } en l°y- Frustra, adv in vain. Frustum, -1, N piece, bit. Ft., abbrev. for flat let be made, make. Fuligo, -inis, f soot. Funda, -as, f bag. Fundamentum, -1, N foundation, base. Funditus, adv from the foundation, completely. Fundus, -1, m bottom. Fuscus, -a, -um, adj brown, dusky, blackish. Fusio, -orris, f fusion, melting. Galbanum, -I, n galbanum. Galla, -as, f oak-apple, nutgall. f Gallicus, -a, -um, adj of Gaul, French. \ Spiritus vini Gallic! French brandy. Gaultheria, -ae, F wintergreen, gaultheria. Gelatma, -as, f., and gelatmum, -1, n. . . .gelatin. Gelsemium, -1, n gelsemium, yellow jasmine. Gelus, -us, M., or gelum, -1, N frost, cold. Gener, generi, M son-in-law. Gentiana, -as, f gentian. Genus, -eris, N kind, sort, race. Geranium, -1, n geranium. Germanicus, -a, -urn, adj. (or Germanus) German. Germen, -inis, N germ, bud. Gigno, 3, genui, genitum, tr beget, bear, produce. Glaber, -bra, -brum, adj smooth, bald, bare. Gladius, -1, m sword. Glucosum, -1, N glucose. Gluten, -inis, N gluten. Glutino, 1, -avl, -atum, tr glue, paste, close up. Glycermum, -1, N glycerin. Glycerftum, -I, N glycerite. Glycyrrhiza, -as, f liquorice. Gm., abbrev. for gramma gramme. Gnidius, -a, -um, adj of Gnidus. Gossypium, -I, N cotton. Digitized by Microsoft® 222 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Gradatim, adv step by step, little by little, gradu- Gradus, -us, m grade, step. [ally. Grascus, -a, -urn, adj Greek, Grecian. Gramma, -atis, n., and gramma, -as, F. . .a gramme. Granulatio, -onis, f granulation. Granum, -I, n grain. j Gratia, -as, f grace, favor, thanks. I Gratiam habere to be grateful. Gratus, -a, -urn, adj acceptable, pleasing. Gravis, -e, adj heavy, grave, disagreeable. Gravitas, -atis, f weight, heaviness. Guaiacum, -I, n guaiacum. I GummJ, indecl., and gummis, -is, f. . .gum. I Gummi elasticum India rubber. Gummosus, -a, -um, adj of gum, gummy. Gusto, i, -avl, -atum, tr taste. Gutta, -as, f drop. Habeo, 2, -ul, -itum, tr have, hold, possess. Habito, 1 , -avl, -atum, intr. and tr reside, live, abide. Haematites, -ae, M blood-stone, hematite. Hajmatoxylon, -I, N logwood, hcematoxylon. Hasreo, 2, haesi, hassum, intr stick, adhere, hesitate. Hannibal, -alis, m the Carthaginian general. Haud, adv not, by no means. Haustus, -us, m drink, draught. Hedeoma, -a;, f pennyroyal, hedeoma. Helleborus, -i, M., helleborum, -I, n hellebore. u Roman measure (approx. half a pint) . Herba, -33, f herb, grass, plant. Heri, adv yesterday. Hie, hasc, hoc this. Hiems, hiemis, F winter. Hilaris, -e, adj cheerful, jovial, merry. Hircmus, -a, -um, adj of a goat, goat-skin. Hirudo, -inis, f leech, blood-sucker. Hirundo, -inis, f swallow. Hispanicus, -a, -um, adj Spanish. Hodie, adv to-day. Hodiernus, -a, -um, adj of to-day, to-day's. Homo, hominis, M man, human being. Hora, -ae, F hour. Horribilis, -e, adj horrible, dreadful, frightful. Hortor, -ari, -atus, sum, dep. tr exhort, urge. Hue, adv hither. Hujus-modi (hie and modus) of this sort or kind. Digitized by Microsoft® Hemlna, -as, F -j LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 223 Humanus, -a, -um, adj human. Humecto (umecto), i, -avl, -atum, tr. . .moisten. ( Hydrargyrum, -i, n mercury. I Hydrargyri chlSridum corrosivum . corrosive sublimate. Hydras, -atis, M hydrate. Hydrastis, -is, F Hydrastis. Hydrochloras, -atis, m hydrochlorate. Hydrochloricus, -a, -um, adj hydrochloric. Hydrometrum, -1, N hydrometer. Hydrophobia, -as, F hydrophobia, fear of water. Hyoscyamina, -a?, f hyoscyamine. Hyoscyamus, -I, m henbane, hyoscyamus. Hypericon, -I, n., and hypericum, -1, n. .Hypericum, St. John's wort. Hypocistis, -idis, F hypocistis, a parasitic plant. Hypogastrium, -i, n stomach, belly. Hypophosphis, -Itis, M hypophosphite. Ibl, adv there. Idem, eadem, idem, demon, pron the same, he likewise. Ideo, adv therefore, then. Idoneus, -a, -um, adj suitable, fit, proper. Igitur, conj for this reason, therefore. Ignarus, -a, -um not knowing, stupid. Ignatia, -as, t ignatia {bean). Ignis, -is, m fire. Ignitio, -onis, f ignition, u burning. Ignorantia, -as, F ignorance. Ignosco, 3, -ovi, -otum, intr. (w. dat.) . .pardon, forgive. Ille, ilia, illud, gen. illlus, dat. illi, pron. . .that, he, she, etc. Il-ligo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr bind on. Il-lino, 3 , illevi, illitum, tr smear on, daub. Illius-modl of that sort, of such a sort, kind. Illuc, adv thither, in that direction. Illustris, -e, adj light, clear, bright. Illyricus, -a, -um, adj Illyrian. Im-maturus, -a, -um, adj immature, unripe. Im-mitto, 3, -misT, -missum, tr send in, put in. Immo, adv yes, certainly, or no indeed. Im-mundus, -a, -um, adj unclean, dirty, filthy. Impedio, 4, -Ivi, or -ii, -ltum, tr impede, hinder. Imperator, -oris, M commander, emperor. Im-peritus, -a, -um, adj inexperienced, unskillful. Impero, 1, -avl, -atum, intr. and tr command, order. Impetus, -us, m attack, shock, force. Im-piger, -pigra, -pigrum, adj active, diligent. Im-pleo, 2, -evl, -etum, tr fill. Im-pono, 3, -posuT, -positum, tr put in, or on; place in. Digitized by Microsoft® 224 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY Im-praegno, i, -avl, -atum, tr impregnate. Im-purus, -a, -urn, adj impure. Imus, -a, -urn, adj. [superl. of inferus] . . .deepest, lowest. In, p. w. ace. and abl into, to, toward, for; in, on. In-ffiqualis, -e, .adj unequal, uneven. In-asqualiter, adv unequally. In-attentus, -a, -urn, adj inattentive. In -canto, i, -avl, -atum, tr sing, charm. In-cido, 3, -cidi, -clsum, tr cut, cut into. In-cido, 3, -cidT, -casum, intr jail upon, happen, occur. Incineratio, -6nis, F incineration, reducing to ashes. In-cipi6, 3, -cepi, -ceptum, tr. and intr. .begin, take in hand. In-cludo, 3, -cliisi, -clusum, tr include, shut in. Inde, adv thence, from that time. Indianus, -a, -urn, adj Indian. Indico, 3, -avl, -atum, tr indicate, show. Indicus, -a, -um, adj of India, Indian. In-do, 3, -didi, -ditum, tr. set, put, or place in. In-doctus, -a, -um, adj untaught, ignorant. In-duco, 3, -duxi, -ductum, tr lead or bring in, induce. Indus, -a, -um, adj Indian. In-eo, 4, inivi or mil, initum enter, go in. In-eptus, -a, -um, adj undiscerning, foolish. In-expertus, -a, -um, adj inexperienced. In-felix, -icis, adj unhappy, unfortunate. In-fer5, -ferre, -tull, illatum, tr bring in; cause, make. Inferus, -a, -um, adj low. In-firmus, -a, -um, adj infirm, weak. Inflammatio, -onis, f inflammation. Inflatus, -a, -urn, part, adj swollen, inflated. In-fundo, 3, -fudl, -fiisum, tr pour in, or upon, infuse. Infusio, -onis, F infusion. Infusum, -1, N infusion. IngravescS, 3, , , intr grow heavy, become worse. In-gredior, 3, -aredi, -gressus sum, dep., 1 , ° 1 . . t enter, begin. tr. and intr I In-imTcus, -a, -um, adj. (in and amicus) unfriendly, hostile, hurtful. In-imlcus, -I, m enemy. Initium, -1, n beginning. Injectio, -onis, F infection. In-jicio or inicio, 3, -jeci, -jectum, tr infect, cast in; put on. In-jucundus, -a, -um, adj unpleasant, disagreeable. In-juria, -se, F injury, wrong. In-numerabilis, -e, adj innumerable. ( Inquam, irreg / say. \ Inquit says (said) he. Inquino, 1, -avl, -atum, tr contaminate, deprave. Digitized by Microsoft® { LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 225 Inrasus (irrasus) ,-a,-um, part, frominrado scraped, grated {"grated in") . In-sanabilis, -e, adj incurable. In-sania, -as, f insanity. Inscientia, -ae, p ignorance. In-scius, -a, -um, adj not knowing. In-scrlbo, 3, -scrips!, -scriptum, tr inscribe. In-somniosus, -a, -um, adj sleepless, wakeful. In-specto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr inspect, examine. In-spergo, 3, -spersl, -spersum, tr sprinkle on, or in. In-spicio, 3, -spexi, -spectum, tr inspect, look into. In-spiratio, -onis, F inhalation. In-stillo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr drop in, instil. Instrumentum, -I, N instrument. Insula, -as, F island. Intellegoor intelligo, 3, -lexi, -lectum, ^..understand, perceive. In-tendo, 3, intend!, intentum, tr stretch out, direct. Inter, prep. w. ace between, among, while. Inter-dum, adv sometimes, now and then. Inter-ficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr kill, slay. Interim, adv meanwhile. Interior, -ius, gen. -oris, adj.comp. deg. .interior, inner. Intermissio, -onis, F intermission. Internus, -a, -um, adj internal, interior. Interpretatio, -onis, F interpretation, explanation. Inter-rogo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr question, examine. Inter-sum, interesse, interfui, intr be between; differ. Intervallum, -1, N interval, space between. Interventio, -onis, F intervention. Intro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr enter. In-tueor, -tuerl, -tuitus sum, dep., tr. 1 . . , . > look at, or upon. and intr > In-tumesco, 3, intumui, , intr swell. Intybus, -1, m. and f endive, succory. In-venio, 4, -veni, -ventum, tr invent, find, discover, learn. Investigatio, -onis, F investigation. In-vestlgo, l, -avi, -atum, tr track out, investigate, find. Invltus, -a, -um, adj unwilling. In-volvo, 3, involvi, involutum, tr wrap up, involve. Iodidum, -1, n iodide. Iodum, -i, n iodine. Ipecacuanha, -33, F ipecac. Ipse, -a, -um, pron. intensive himself, herself, etc. Ira, -as, F anger. Tratus, -a, -um, adj angry. Irinus, -a, -um, adj of iris. Iris, -idis, F iris. Irritatio, -onis, f irritation. !5 Digitized by Microsoft® 226 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Is, ea, id, dem. pron this, that, he, etc. Islandicus, -a, -um, adj pertaining to Iceland. Iste, ista, istud, pron that man, that woman, etc. Ita, adv so, thus, as follows (with verbs). Ita-que, conj and so, and thus, therefore. Item, adv likewise, in like manner. Iterum, adv again. Jacio, jeci, jactum, tr throw, cast. Jacto, i, -a vi, -Stum, tr throw often; boast of. Jalapa, -a?, p jalap. Jam, adv now, already, at length. Jamaica, -aa, f Jamaica. Jam-jam another form of jam. Jecur, jecoris, n liver. Jejunus, -a, -um, adj hungry, fasting. Joannes, -is, M John. Jubeo, 2, jussi, jussum, tr order, command. Jucundus, -a, -um, adj pleasing, joyful. Jtiglans, juglandis, r walnut, butternut. Juncus, -I, m bulrush. Junior, -oris, adj. comp. of juvenis younger, junior. Juniperus, -I, p juniper-tree. Jurgo, i, -avi, -atum, intr quarrel, wrangle. Jurulentus, -a, -um, adj in broth, in gravy. Jus, juris, N law. Jusjurandum, jurisjurandl, n oath. Jussus, -us, M order, command. Justus, -a, -um, adj just, right. Juvenis, -is, adj. and n., m. and f a youth, young. Kali, indecl., N kali, potassium. Kansensis, -e, adj of Kansas, Kansan. Krameria, -as, f krameria. Labor, -oris, m labor, toil. Laboro, i, -avi, -atum, intr labor, work. Lac, lactis, n milk. Lacertus, -i, m lizard, newt. Lacrima, -33, f tear, drop of gum. Lactas, -atis, M lactate. Lactometrum, -i, n lactometer. Lactophosphas, -atis, M lacto phosphate. Lactuca, -as, f lettuce. Lactucarium, -I, N lactucarium. Laedo, 3, lassi, laesum, tr hart, injure. Lastus, -a, -um, adj glad, joyful. Digitized by Microsoft® > wash, bathe. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 227 Laevus, -a, -um, adj lejt. Lagena, -as, f flask, flagon, bottle. Lamina, -as, f plate, blade. LanguescS, 3, langui, , intr languish, grow jaint. Lanius, -I, m butcher. Lapis, -idis, m stone. Lappa, -as, f burdock. Laserpitium, -i, n laserpitium, u, genus of plants. Lassus, -a, -um, adj tired, weary. Latine, adv in Latin. Latinus, -a, -um, adj Latin. Latus, -eris, n side, flank. Latus, -a, -um, adj broad. Laudo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr praise. Laureus, -a, -um, adj of laurel. Lavandula, -as, f lavender. Lavo, 1, lavi, lautum, lavatum, and lotum, tr Laxo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr loosen, relax. Lebes, -etis, m caldron, kettle, basin. Lectus, -1, M couch, bed. Legislator, -oris, m legislator. Lego, 3, legi, lectum, tr pick, cull, read. Lenimentum, -i, n soothing remedy, alleviation. Lenio, 4, -ivi, or -ii, -Itum, tr soothe, calm, assuage. Lenis, -e, adj light, gentle, mild. Leniter, adv gently, slowly, moderately. Lente, adv slowly. Lenticula, -a, f lentil. Lentus, -a, -um, adj tough, sticky; slow. Leporinus, -a, -um, adj of a hare. Leptandra, -33, f leptandra. Letalis, -e, adj deadly. Letifer, -fera, -ferum, adj death-bringing, deadly. Levamentum, -i, n relief, alleviation. Levigatio, -onis, F levigation, trituration of moist Levis, -e, adj light, quick. [substances. Leviter, adv lightly. Levo, 1 , -avi, -atum, tr lighten, relieve. Lex, legis, F law. Libellus, -i, M list, pamphlet, written paper. Libenter, adv freely, gladly, willingly. Liber, -bri, m book. Libero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr liberate, free. Libitum, ad libitum at pleasure. Libra, -as, f pound, balance. Libum, -i, N cake, cheese-cake. Digitized by Microsoft® 228 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Licet, 2, licuit, orlicitum est, impersonal .it is permitted, is lawful, one may. Llgneus, -a, -urn, adj wooden, of wood. Lignum, -I, n wood. Limon, -onis, f lemon. Limpidus, -a, -um, adj limpid, clear. T . < medicine taken by licking with Lmctus, -I. m { j7 . L the tongue. Lingua, -33, f tongue, language. Linimentum, -I, n liniment. Linum, -I, n linen, flax, linseed. Lique-facio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr melt, dissolve. Liquidus, -a, -um, adj liquid. Liquo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr liquefy, melt. Liquor, -oris, M liquor, fluid, liquid. Lis, litis, f strife, contention. Lobelia, -a?, f lobelia. Localis, -e, adj local. Locus, -i, M place. Longus, -a, -um, adj long, tedious. Lotio, -onis, f lotion, wash. Ludo, 3, lusi, lusum, tr. and intr play, sport. Ludus, -i, m play, game, school. Lumbus, -i, m loin. Lupulinum, -i, n lupulin (found in hop flowers'). Luxo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr displace, put out of joint. Luxum, -i, n dislocation. Lytta, -35, f Spanish fly. M. (abbrev. for misce) mix. Maceratio, -onis, f maceration. Macero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr macerate, soak, steep. Macula, -as, f spot, mesh in net, or in sieve. Made-facio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr wet, make wet, moisten. Madidus, -a, -um, adj wet, moist, soaked. Magis, adv more. Magister, -tri, M master, teacher. Magisterium, -1, n instruction, advice. Magnesia, -a?, f magnesia. Magnesium, -i, n magnesium. Magnitudo, -inis, m magnitude, size. Magnus, -a, -um, adj large, great. Major, majus, -oris, compar. of magnus .greater. Malabathrum, -I, N { mala ^ihrum, an Eastern plant •- and the oil from it. Malacensis, -e, adj of Malaga. Malagma, -atis, n emollient poultice, cataplasm. Malaria, -as, f malaria. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 229 Male, adv badly, ill. Mallgnus, -a, -urn, adj malignant, evil. Malo, malle, malui be more willing, prefer, would Malum, -1, n apple. [rather. Malus, -a, -um, adj bad, evil, wicked. Mandatum, -I, m mandate, command, direction. Mando, 1 , -avi, -atum, tr entrust, consign, commit. Mane, indecl. n. and adv.; primol • jT , } morning, in the morning. mane, early m the mornmg > Maneo, 2 , mansi, mansum, intr remain, stay. Manifestus, -a, -um, adj manifest, plain. Manus, -us, F hand. Marinus, -a, -um, adj marine, of the sea. Marrubium, -1, N horehound. Marsupium, -1, N purse. Masculus, -a, -um, adj male, strong. Massa, -as, p mass, doughy mixture. Massa hydrargyri blue mass. Mastico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr masticate, chew. Mater, -tris, F mother. Materia, -as, f matter, material. Materies, -ei, f matter, material. Maternus, -a, -um, adj maternal, mother. Maturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr mature, ripen, soften, hasten. Maturus, -a, -um, adj mature, ripe. Maxime, adv most, greatly. Medea, -as, f Medea (a famous sorceress of Medeor, erl, — , dep., with dat heal, cure. [Colchis). j Medicamentarius, -a, -um, adj of medicine. I Medicamentarius, -1, M druggist. Medicamentosus, -a, -um, adj medicinal. Medicamentum, -1, N drug, medicine. Medicatus, -a, -um, part, adj medicated. Medicina, -as, f medicine. Medicinalis, -e, adj medicinal, of medicine. Medicor, -arl, -atus sum, dep.; w. dat. . .heal, cure. Medicus, -1, M physician. Medius, -a, -um, adj middle, intermediate, medium. Mel, mellis, n honey. Melior, -ius, adj., comp. of bonus better. Membrum, -1, N member, limb. Memini, meminisse (only perfect sys- 1 , > remember. tern) i f Memoria, -as, F memory. y. Memoria tenere to remember. Mens, mentis, f mind, disposition. Mensis, -is, M month. Digitized by Microsoft® 230 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Menstruum, -1, n menstruum, solvent. Mensiira, -ae, f measure, volume. f Mentha, -ae, f mint. 1 Mentha piperita, -ae, f peppermint. Meracus, -a, -urn, adj pure, unmixed. Mercator, -oris, M. wholesale merchant. Merces, -edis, F hire, wages. Mereo, 2,__ -111, -itum, tr merit, deserve. Mereor, -eri, itus sum, dep merit, deserve. Meridies, -el, m mid-day, noon. Mersus, -a, -urn, part, adj sunk, immersed. Merus, -a, -um, adj pure, unmixed. Metior, -in, mensus sum, dep. tr measure. Metuo, -ul, tr. and intr fear, be afraid. Metus, -us, M jear. Meus, -a, -um, poss. pro my, mine. Mezereum, -I, N mezereon. Mica, -ae, f crumb, bit, piece. Miles, -itis, F soldier. Mille, adj., plu. millia, mllia, n thousand. Mimosa, -ae, F mimosa. Mineralis, -e, adj mineral. Minimum, -1, n minim. Minimus, -a, -um, comp. of parvus . . . .least. Minium, -I, n red-lead. Minuo, 3, -ul, -utum, tr diminish, lessen. Minus, adv., comp. of parve less. Minutim, adv minutely, in small pieces. Minutus, -a, -um, part, adj minute, small. Mirabilis, -e, adj wonderful. Mlrus, -a, -um, adj wonderful, strange. Misceo, 2 , miscui, mixtum and mistum, -\ tr. ; with ac. and dat., or ac. and abl. I mix, mingle. w. or without cum J Miser, -era, -erum, adj miserable, poor, wretched. Miseret, 2, miseruit, impers it distresses one, one feels pity. Miseria, -ae, f misery, distress. Mistura, -ae, f. (also mixtura) mixture. Misy, -yos, and -ys, n. . { a ^ n< * °f mu shroom; also a kind *■ of mineral, perhaps vitriol. Mithridates, -is, M Mithridates, King of Ponius. Mitis, -e, adj mellow, ripe, mild, gentle. Mitto, 3, misi, missum, tr send, to let {of blood). Moderate, adv moderately. Modice, adv moderately. Modo, adv only, but, if only, provided that. Modo modo, (now now) now then; at one time, at Digitized by Microsoft® [another. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 231 Modus, -I, m mode, manner, way. Mola, -ae, p m M. Moles, -is, F mass, bulk. Molestus, -a, -um, adj troublesome, annoying. Mollis, 4, molllvi, andmollii.mollitum, tr. soften, ease, soothe. Momentum, -I, n moment, weight, influence. Moneo, 2, -ui, -itum advise, remind. Mons, montis, M mountain. Morbus, -1, m disease, malady. Mordeo, 2, momordi, morsum, tr bite. Morior, morJ, mortuus sum, dep. intr. . .die. Moror, x, moratus sum, dep. tr. and intr. delay, hinder. Morphina, -as, f morphine. Morrhua, -as, f codfish, cod-liver oil. Mors, mortis, F death. Morsus, -us, M bite. Mortalis, -e, adj mortal. Mortarium, -1, n mortar. Mortifer, -fera, -ferum, adj deadly, death-bearing. Morum, -1, n mulberry (Jruit). Morus, -I, f mulberry-tree. Mos, moris, M custom, habit, manner. Motus, -us, M motion, movement. Moveo, 2, movi, motum, tr move, disturb. Mox, adv soon, presently. Mucilago, -inis, f mucilage. Mulceo, 2, mulsi, mulsum, tr soothe, allay. Mulier, mulieris, f woman. ( Multus, -a, -um, adj much, plu. many. \ Multo, adv much. Mund5, 1, -avi, -atum, tr clean. Mundus, -a, -um, adj neat, clean. Muriaticus, -a, -um, adj muriatic. Musculosus, -a, -um, adj full of muscles, fleshy. Mustum, -I, N must, new wine. Mutatio, -onis, F change. Muto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr to change. Myrcia, -as, F myrcia, a, genus of plants. Myristica, -as, f nutmeg. Myrrha, -as, f myrrh. Nam, conj for. Nardum, -I, n nard. Naris, -is, F nostril. NarrS, 1, -avi, -atum, tr tell, narrate, relate. Nasalis, -e, adj nasal. Nascor, nasci, natus sum, dep. intr bom; appear; rise, spring. Digitized by Microsoft® 232 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Nasus, -1, m nose, Nato, 1, -avi, -atum, intr swim. Natura, -as, f nature. Naturalis, -e, adj natural. Naturaliter, adv naturally. Ne, adv. and conj not; that not, lest. Ne, interrog. particle, enclitic used as sign of a question. Necessarius, -a, -um, adj necessary. Necesse est it is necessary. Neco, ,, -avi, -atum and sometimes -cui, 1^ p uf to death. -ctum, tr 1 Neglectus, -a, -um, part, adj neglected. Neglegens or negligens, -entis, adj negligent. Neglegenter or negligenter, adv negligently, carelessly. Neglego or negligo, 3, -lexi, lectum, tr. . .neglect. Negotium, -I, n business. Nemo, -inis, m. and f. ; gen. usually nul- 1 , , J } no one, nobody. lius, abl. nullo, nulla > Neque, or nee, conj nor, and not. Neque neque, or nee ncc neither nor. Ne quidem, adv not even. Nero, -onis, M the Roman Emperor Nero. Nervosus, -a, -um, adj nervous, full of sinews. Nervus, -1, m nerve, sinew. Ne-scio, 4, -Ivi, -ii, -Itum, tr know not, be ignorant of. Niger, -gra, -grum, adj black. Nihil, or nil, N., indeel nothing. Nimis, adv too much, too. < Nimius, -a, -um, adj too much, too great. \ Nimium, 1, N too much. Nisi, conj unless, if not. Nitras, -atis, M nitrate. Nitricus, -a, -um, adj nitric. Nitrosus, -a, -um nitrous. Nitrum -in.. { a name given by the Romans prob- y ably to nitre and soda. Nobilis, -e, adj noble, noted. Nocens, -entis, part, adj harmful, guilty. Nocturnus, -a, -um, adj nocturnal, in the night. Nodosus, -a, -um, adj knotty, full of knots. Nolo, nolle, nolui, be unwilling, will not. Nomen, -inis, n. name. Nomino, ±, -avi, -atum, tr name. Non, adv not. Non-dum, adv not yet. Nonies, adv nine times. Non modo sed etiam or verum etiam not only but also. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 233 Non-ne, interrog. partic expects answer yes. Non-nullus, -a, -um, adj some, several. Non-nunquam, adv sometimes, now and then. Norma, -ae, p standard, rule. Nosed, 3, novi, notum, tr. (novi, "II . , ., , , ,.. > get acquainted with, learn. Noster, nostra, nostrum, poss. pron our, ours. Nota, -se, F mark, sign, symptom, note. Notio, -onis, F notion, idea. Noto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr note, mark. Notus, -a, -um, part, adj known. Novies, adv nine times. Novus, -a, -um, adj new. Nox, noctis, f night. Nucha, -ae, f nape of the neck. Nugae, -arum, f trifles, nonsense. Nullus, -a, -um, adj., gen. -ius, dat. -1 . . no, not any; as n., no one, none. Num, interrog. particle expects answer no. Numero, ±, -avi, -atum to count, to pay. Numerus, -1, m number. Nummus, -T, m coin, money. Nunc, adv now. Nunquam, adv never. Nuper, adv lately, recently. Nutrio, 4, -ivi and -ii, -Itum, tr nourish, nurture. Nux, nucis, f nut. Nux vomica, nucis vomicae, f nux vomica. _, f towards, on account of, by reason Ob, prep. w. ace \ , Ob-eo, 4, -ii, -itum [ob and eo], intr. and tr.go against, go to meet; die. Obliviscor, -livisci, -litus sum, dep. tr. . . .forget. Obsoletus, -a, -um, part, adj old, worn out. Ob-sum, -esse, -fui, , intr be against, opposed to, injure. Ob-tego, 3, -texi, -tectum, tr cover over. Obturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr close, stop up. Occasus, -us, m the going down, the setting. Occipitium, -i, N back part of the head. Occupo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr occupy; passive, to be busy. Oc-curro, 3, occurri, occursum, intr meet, oppose, resist. Octarius, -i, M pint. Octavus, -a, -um, adj eighth. Octo, adj. indeel eight. Octogesimus, -a, -um, adj eightieth. Octoginta, adj. indeel eighty. Ocularius, -a, -um, adj of the eye. Oculus, -I, m eye. Digitized by Microsoft® 234 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. f Odoratus, -a, -um, part, adj odorous, perfumed. I Spiritus Odoratus cau de Cologne. CEnanthe, -es, f cenanthe, grape of the wild vine. Of-fero, offerre, obtuli, oblatum, tr bringbejore, offer, prevent, oppose. Officlna, -se, f office, shop, laboratory. Officinalis, -e, adj officinal. Oleatum, -I, N., or oleas, -atis, m oleate. Oleo, 2, -ul, , intr. and tr smell, smack of. Oleum, -I, n oil. Olim, adv formerly, once. OUa, -a?, f pot, jar. Olus (or holus) , -eris, n vegetable. Omnino, adv entirely, altogether, at all. Omnis, -e, adj every, all. Omphacium, -I oil, or juice of unripe olives. Opacus, -a, -um, adj shady, dark. Opalescens, -entis, adj opalescent, turning cloudy. Opera, -a;, f work, labor, attention; workman. Opinans, -antis, part, adj ■ .supposing, thinking, judging. Opittilor, -ari, -atus sum, dep aid, assist. Opium, -I, N opium, poppy-juice . Opobalsamum, -I, n ; . . . . balm of Gilead. Opopanax, -acis, m opopanax, juice of the herb panax. r, .... f (one) ought, must, it is necessary, Oportet, 2, oportuit, impers < . ' . J I it behooves. Op-pico, i, . , tr pitch, coze-- or sea£ with pitdi. Op-pono, 3, -posui, -positum, tr put o-n, etc pi y Op-primo, 3, -press!, -pressum, tr L';y;oj. wetgk down. Op-pugno, 1, -avi, -atum, tr r-- r-t-rsVjV. fight {aga'.nst) . Ops, opis, f. (nom. and dat. sing, not used'' aid. zee&Uh, r- : -$cu reus. Optabilis, -e, adj Jt-j; v J^.V. Optime, adv fc-;. t>"ii weiL Opus, operis, x »;>-c. iOpus, indecl. noun neeS. 'u\.\~ss-:;y. Opus est, w. dat. of the persor. \ needing something and nom. >■ ^r;v '.wif <.>/„ smtJ. or abl. of the thing needed ... J Ordino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr set irt e~ r -St~ r , v j.'-.:r<-.\ Ordo, -inis, M oreie-. ■-.:-:.?. Potus, -us, m drink, draught. Praabeo, 2, -ul, -itum, tr furnish, offer. Prasceptor, -oris, M preceptor, teacher. 1 Prascipitatus, -a, -um, part, adj precipitated. I Prascipitatum, -1, N a precipitate. Praecipue, adv especially, particularly. Praacordia, -orum, n diaphragm; bowels; stomach. Premium, -1, n reward. Praparatio, -onis, f preparation. Praparatus, -a, -um, part, adj prepared. Praa-paro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr prepare. Pras-pono, 3, -posui, -positum, tr place over, put in charge of. Pras-scrlbo, 3, -scrips!, -scriptum, tr. . . .prescribe. Praescrlptum, -1, N prescription. Praesens, -entis, adj present; powerful, active. Prasstans, -stantis, adj excellent, superior. Praa-sto, 1, praestiti, praastitum, ^\ stand before> exceh show< ajford .. prasstatum, tr. and intr ' Praj-sum, praesse, praafui, intr be before, at the head of, command. Prandium, -I, N breakfast, dinner. Premo, 3, press!, pressum, tr press, pack. Pretiosus, -a, -um, adj precious, costly. Pretium, -1, N price. Prlmo, adv at first. Primum, adv first, in the first place. Primus, -a, -um, adj first, the first. Prlnos, -I, m black alder {Ilex verticilldta) . Prior, prius, -oris, adj former, preceding. Pristinus, -a, -um, adj former. Prlvo, r, -avi, -atum, tr deprive. < Pro, prep. w. abl before, for, according to. 1 Pro re nata. occasionally, as occasion may re- Pro, interjec O! [quire. Pro-avus, -I, M great-grandfather, ancestor. Probabilis, -e, adj probable, pleasing. Probabiliter, adv probably. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 239 Probe, adv well, properly. Procul, adv jar, at a distance. Profunde, adv profoundly. Pro-hibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr hinder. Pro-jicioorproicio, 3 ,projeci,projectum, ^ project< throw for(h _ Promissum, -1, n promise. Propolis, -is, F bee glue. Proportionalis, -e, adj proportional. Propositum, -1, n purpose, plan. Proprius, -a, -um, adj one's own, peculiar, special. Pro-rumpo, 3, -rupl, -ruptum break forth, rush forth. Pro-stun, prQdesse, -ful, intr profit, be useful, benefit. Pro-tego, 3, -texi, -tectum, tr protect. ( Protinus, adv at once, immediately. \ Protinus ut as soon as. Pro- video, 2, -vidi, -visum, tr. and intr. . .provide for, look after, see to it. Provisus, -a, -um, part, adj provided, foreseen. Prudens, -entis, adj prudent, sagacious. Prunum, -I, n plum. Primus, -1, f plum-tree. Psora, -a?, f itch. j Pudet, 2, puduit, or puditum est, impers. ashamed. [me of you) . \ Pudet me tui / am ashamed of you. {It shames Pudor, -oris, M shame, disgrace. Puella, -as, f girl. Puer, -1, m boy. Piigno, 1, -avi, -Stum, intr fight. Pulcher, -chra, -chrum, adj pretty, beautiful, Pulchre, adv beautifully, thoroughly. Pulmo, -onis, M lung. Pulmonalis, -e, adj pulmonary. Pulpa, -?e, f pulp. Pulpamentum, -1, N dainty food. Pulsus, -us, m a beating, the pulse. Pulverizo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize. Pulvero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize, reduce to powder. Pulverulentus, -a, -um covered with dust. Pulvis, -eris, m powder, dust. Pumex, -icis, M pumice-stone. PuniS, 4, -Ivi, -ii, -Itum, tr punish. Purgo, 1 , -avi, -atum, tr purge, cleanse. Purifico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purify, cleanse. Purus, -a, -um, adj pure. Pus, puris, N pus. Pustula, -ae, f pustule, blister. Putidus, -a, -um, adj putrid, bad smelling. Digitized by Microsoft® 240 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Puto, r, -avi, -atum, tr think, suppose, consider. Putor, -oris, m putridity, stench. Pyrethrum, -I, n pyrethrum, pellitory, feverfew. Pyrophosphas, -atis pyrophosphate. Pyrrhus, -I, m Pyrrhus, king of Eplrus. Pyrus, or pirus, -i, F pear-tree. Pyxis, -idis, p box. Q. s., abbrev. for quantum sufficit a sufficient quantity. Queero, 3, quassivi, quaesltum, tr inquire, seek after. Quaestio, -onis, F question, investigation. Qualis, -e, adj of what sort, or nature; of such Qualitas, -atis, p quality. [sort; as. „ . /interrog., how; in comparisons, Quam, adv < ° r I. as, than. Quamdiu, adv how long, as long as. Quamobrem, adv for what reason, wherefore. Quam-quam, conj though, although. Quando, adv. and conj when. Quandocunque, adv. and conj whenever. Quantitas, -atis, f quantity. ( Quantus, -a, -um, adj how much, as. I Quantum sufficit a sufficient quantity; lit., as much Quantus — tantus as great — as. [as suffices. Qua-re, adv why. Quartus, -a, -um, adj fourth. Quasi, adv as if, as. Quassia, -33, F quassia. Quater, num. adv four times. Quatio, 3, , quassum, tr shake, toss. Quattuor, or quatuor, adj., indecl four. -Que, conj., enclitic and. Quem-ad-modum, adv how. Queo, quire, quivi, quii, . intr able, can. Qui, quas, quod, rel. and interrog. pron. .who, which. Quia, conj because. Quidam, quaedam, quiddam or quoddam u, certain. Quidem, conj indeed, even. Quilibet, quadibet, quidlibet, or quodli- j any me plga ^ bet J Quin, conj that not, but that. Quindecim, num. adj fifteen. Quinidma, -as, F quinidine. Quinlna, -se, F quinine. Quin que, num. adj five. Quintuplex, -icis, adj five-fold, five times as many or Quis, qua;, quod and quid, interrog. pron. who? [much. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 241 Quis-nam, quidnam, subst. ; qui-nam, 1 , „ , , . . \-who, pray? what, pray? quae-nam, quod-nam, adj / r J ' r ' Quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron any, any one, anything. Quisque, quaeque, quidque or quodque . .each, every. Quisquis whoever. Quivis, quaevis, quodvls or quidvls any one you please. Quo, adv where, in order that. fQ U o eo i tl:c ^ lc < * n comparisons; j I lit., by what, by that. y Bodem modo quo in the same way. Quod because. Quomodo, adv how, in what manner. Quondam, adv once, formerly. Quoque, adv also, too. Quot, adj how many ? Quotldie, adv. (cotldie) daily. Quoties, adv how often, as often as. R , abbrev. for recipe take thou, take. Rabiosus, -a, -um, adj rabid, mad. Racemosus, -a, -um, adj full of racemes or clusters. Radicula, -se, F radicula, soap-weed. Radix, -icis, f root. Rado, 3, nisi, rasum, tr shave, scrape. Ramentum, -I, N shred, piece, shavings. Rapum, -I, N turnip. Raro, adv rarely, seldom. Rarus, -a, -um, adj rare, thin, porous. Rasus, -a, -um, part, adj scraped. Ratio, -onis, F account, reason, plan, course, Rationarms, -a, -um, adj relating to accounts. [method. Recens, -entis, adj recent, fresh. Recipero or recupero, 1 , -avi, -atum, tr. . . recover, regain. r Recipio, 3, recepi, receptum, tr receive, take back. \ se recipere betake one's self, return. Recito, 1, -avi, -atum, tr recite, read aloud. Recordor, -ari, -atus sum, dep recall, recollect. Recreo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr refresh, invigorate. Recte, adv rightly, correctly. Rectificatus, -a, -um, part, adj rectified. Rectifies, 1, -avi, -atum, tr rectify. Rectus, -a, -um right, straight. Red-do, 3, reddidi, redditum, tr return, yield, render, translate. Red-eo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr return, go or come back. Red-igo, 3, redegl, redactum, tr drive back, reduce. Reditus, -us, m return. Re-ducd, 3, -duxi, -ductum, tr restore, lead back. 16 Digitized by Microsoft® 242 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Reductus, -a, -um, part, adj reduced, Re-fero, referre, retuli, relatum, tr bring back, resemble. Re-ficio, 3, refecl, refectum, tr repair, make anew. Refrigeratio, -onis, F cooling. Re-frigero, i, -avl, -atum, tr cool, make cool. Regio, -onis, f region. Reg5, 3, rexl, rectum, tr rule. Regula, -32, F ruler, rule. Re-jicio or re-icio, 3, rejecl, rejectum . .reject, throw off. Re-levo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr relieve. Re-linquo, 3, -liqui, -lictum, tr leave, abandon. ( Reliquus, -a, -um, adj remaining, the rest. X Reliquum, 1, N the remainder , rest. Remanens, -entis, part, adj remaining, remnant. Remanentia, -33, f remnant, remainder. Remedium, -1, n remedy. Remissus, -a, -um, part, adj remiss, lax, gentle. Remittens, -entis, part, adj remittent. Re-mitto, 3, remisl, remissum, tr remit, send back, return. Re-moveo, *, -mdvi, -motum, tr remove. Re-pendo, 3, -pendi, -pensum, tr fay back, return. Re-perio, 4, repperi, -pertum, tr find, perceive, ascertain. Re-peto, 3, -1V1, -il, -Itum repeat, seek again. Re-pleo, z, -evi, -etum, tr replenish, fill again. Repletus, -a, -um, part, adj replete, filled, crowded with. Re-pono, 3, reposui, repositum, tr replace, lay down. Re-primo, 3, -press!, -pressum, tr repress, check, restrain. Repugnans, -antis, part, adj incompatible. Requiesco, 3, -quievl, -quietum, intr. . . .rest, repose. {Res, rei, f thing, object, matter. Res publica, rei publicaa, F commonwealth, state. Res pingues fatty substances. Re-servo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr reserve. Re-sido, 3, resedi, , intr sit down. Residuum, -I, N residue, remainder. Resina, -as, F resin. Resinosus, -a, -um, adj resinous. Re-solvo, 3, -solvl, -solutum, tr open, loosen, resolve. Re-spondeo, 2, respond!, responsum, tr. .answer, reply. Responsum, -I, N reply, answer. Re-tineo, z, -tinul, -tentum, tr retain. Retorta, -a?, f retort. Re-verto, 3, revert!, reversum, tr return, turn back. Rex, regis, M king. Rhamnus, -I, m rhamnus, thorn. Rheum, -1, N rhubarb. Rheumatismus, -I, M rheumatism. Ridiculus, -a, -um, adj. . . ... . . . ridiculous, laughable. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 243 Rigidus, -a, -am, adj rigid, stiff, severe. Rimosus, -a, -urn, adj full of cracks, leaky. Rlvus, -I, m small stream. Rogatus, -us, M request, desire. Rogo, -avi, -atum, tr ask, request, call for, question. Roma, -ae, f Rome. Romanus, -a, -um, adj Roman. Rosa, -as, p rose. Rosmarinus, -1, m rosemary. Rotundus, -a, -um, adj round. Ruber, -bra, -brum, adj red, ruddy. Rubor, -oris, M redness. Rubus, -1, m blackberry bush, blackberry. Rufus, -a, -um, adj red, reddish. Ruina, -as, r ruin, downfall. Rumex, -icis, M. and p rumex, yellow dock. Rumpo, 3, ru.pi, ruptum, tr break, burst. Rusticus, -a, -um, adj rustic, country, rural. Ruta, -as, f rue. S., abbrev. for sumat let take, take. Ss. , abbrev. for semis ; with numerals = \ cum semisse g iiss = duas uncias cum \ half. semisse > Sabina, -as, f savin, or sabine. Saccharatus, -a, -um, adj saccharated. Saccharometrum, -I, n saccharometer. Saccharum, -1, n sugar. Saccus, -1, M sack, bag. ' Sacer, -era, -crum, adj sacred. Sasculum, -1, n age, generation. Saepe, adv often. Sagapenum, -i, n sagapenum, the juice of a plant. Sal, -is, m. and n. (plu. always masc.) . .salt; witticism. Salicmum, -I, n salicin. Salicylicus, -a, -um, adj salicylic. Salix, -icis, f willow. Salsamentum, -1, n fish-pickle, salted fish. Saltern, adv at least, at all events. Salus, -utis, F safety, health. Salutaris, -e, adj salutary, healthful. Salve, (-ete) (imperat. of salveo, " be 1 , , . , , , . „ , , N r now fare you" good-morning. thou (ye) well ) > Salveo, 2, , , intr be well, in good health. Salvia, -33, f salvia, sage. Sanatio, -onis, f healing. Sanguinaria, -as, f sanguinaria, blood-root. Digitized by Microsoft® 244 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Sanguis, sanguinis, 11 blood. Sanitas, -atis, f health, soundness. Sano, i, -avi, -atum, tr heal, cure. Sanus, -a, -ran, adj sound, well, sensible. Sapiens, sapientis, part, adj wise. Sapo, -onis, M soap. Sapor, -oris, M savor, taste, relish. Saporatus, -a, -ran, adj flavored. Sarsaparilla, -as, r sarsaparilla. Sassafras, indecl., N sassafras. Satio, i, -avi, -atum, tr sate, satisfy. Satis, adv. and adj., indecl enough. Saturatus, -a, -urn, part, adj saturated, filled. Scasna, -as, F scene. Scalpellum, -I, n scalpel, lancet. Scammonium, -i, n scammonium , scammony. Scarificatio, -onis, F scarification, cutting slightly. Scelestus, -a, -um, adj vicious, wicked, accursed. Schola, -as, F school. Scientia, -as, F science, knowledge. Scilla, -as, F squill. Scindo, 3, scidi, scissum, tr spill, cut. Scio, 4, scivi, scii, scitum, tr know, know how. Scissilis, -e, adj easily split. Scobis, -is, F saw-dust, or filings. Scoparius, -i, m broom. Scriptor, -oris, M writer. Scriptum, -i, n writing, a written work. Scriipulus, -I, M scruple. Sebaceus, -a, -um, adj of tallow, tallow. Sebum, -1, or sevum, n tallow, suet. Seco, 1, secui, sectum cut. Sectio, -onis, F cutting. Secundum, prep. w. ace according to, after. Secundus, -a, -um, adj second, favorable, good. Sed, conj but. Sedecim, adj. indecl sixteen. Sedeo, 2, sedi, sessum, intr sit. Sedes, -is, f seat, abode. Sedimen, -inis, N sediment. Sedimentum, -i, N settling, sinking down, settlement. Sedo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr allay, quiet; cause to settle. Sedulo, adv carefully, exactly. Selibra, -as, f half a pound. Seligo, 3, selegi, selectum, tr select, choose. Semel, adv a single time, once. Semen, -inis, n seed. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 245 Semis, indecl., or Semis, gen. semissis, m. half. Semiuncia, or semuncia, -as, f half ounce. Semper, adv always. Senega, -a?, p senega, rattlesnake root. Senex, senis, M old man. Sensim, adv gradually, little by little. Sententia, -as, f sentiment, opinion, thought. Separatim, adv separately. Separatio, -onis, F separation. Se-paro, 1, -avl, -atum, tr separate. Se-pono, 3, seposul, sepositum, tr set aside, put by-. Septies, adv seven times. Sepulcrum, or sepulchrum, -1, n sepulchre, grave, tombstone. Sequens, -entis, part, adj following. Sequor, sequi, secutus sum, dep follow. Serpens, -entis, M. and f serpent, snake. Serpentaria, -as, F serpenlaria, snake-root. Serus, -a, -um, adj late. Servilis, -e, adj servile. Servo, 1, -avl, -atum, tr preserve, keep. Servus, -I, m servant, slave. Sesquiuncia, or sescuncia, -as, F one and a half ounces. Severus, -a, -um, adj severe, stem. Sevum or sebum, -1, N tallow, suet. Sex, num. adj., indecl six. Sextarius, -1, M Roman measure, approx. a pint. Sextus, -a, -um, adj sixth. Si, conj if. Sic, adv so, thus, as follows (with verbs). Siccus, -a, -um, adj dry, thirsty. Slcut, conj so as, just as. Sig., abbrev. Slgna and signatura mark, label (verb and noun). Slgnificatio, -onis, F signification, meaning. Signifies, 1, -avl, -atum, tr signify, mean. Slgno, 1, -avl, -atum, mark, stamp, seal, label. Signum, -I, n sign, symptom, mark. Sil, silis, N yellow earth, ochre. Sillgineus, -a, -um, adj of wheat, wheaten. Similago, -inis, F finest wheat flour. Similis, -e, adj similar, like. Similiter, adv similarity, in like manner. Similitudo, -inis, F likeness, similitude. Simplex, -plicis, adj simple. Simul, adj together, at once. Sinapis, -is, F mustard. Sine, prep. w. abl without. Singularis, -e, adj singular, remarkable. Digitized by Microsoft® 246 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Singulus, -a, -um, num. distrib. adj single, each. Sino, 3, si vl, situm, tr permit, allow. Si-quis, siqua, siquid, or slquod if any one, if any. Sitis, -is, f thirst. Slve, conj or if. Sive slve whether or, either or. Socer, soceri, m father-in-law. Socius, -1, M partner, associate. Soda, -se, F soda. Sodium, -1, N sodium. Sol, solis, M. . .* sun. Soleo, 2, solitus sum, intr be accustomed, wont. Solidus, -a, -um, adj solid, firm. Sollicitudo, -inis, f solicitude, anxiety. Solubilis, -e, adj soluble. Solum, adv only. Solus, -a, -um, adj., gen. -lus, dat. -1 . . .alone, sole. Solutio, -onis, F solution. Solvo, 3, solvi, solutum, tr loosen, dissolve. Somnus, -I, M sleep. Soror, -oris, f sister. Spargo, 3, sparsi, sparsum, tr sprinkle, scatter. Spasmus, -I, M spasm, paroxysm. Spatula, -as, F spatula, flat stick or blade, for Spero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr hope. . [stirring medicines . Spes, -el, f hope, expectation. Spica, -ae, f point; ear, spike. Spicatus, -a, -um, part, adj pointed, bearded. {Splritus, -us, m spirit; breath. Splritus frumenti whiskey. Splritus vlnl Gallic! brandy. Spissitas, -atis, F thickness, consistency. Spissitudo, -inis, p thickness, density. Spissus, -a, -um, adj thick, viscid. Spongiosus, -a, -um spongy. ( Spuma, -ae, f spume, froth, foam. I Spuma argentl litharge, spume of silver. Squama, -33, f scale; filings of metal. Statim, adv immediately, at once. Statio, -onis, f post, station, guard. Stercus, -oris, N excrement, dung. Stibium, -I, N antimony. Stlllo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr drop, fall in drops. Stimulus, -i, M stimulant, incentive. Sto, 1, stetl, statum, intr stand. ( Stolidus, -a, -um, adj stolid, stupid. \ Stolidus, -1, M u. dunce. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 247 Stomachalis, -c, adj pertaining to the stomach, stom- Stomachus, -I, m stomach. [ach. Stramonium, -T, n stramonium, Jamestown weed. Strychnina, -as, p strychnine, Studeo, 2, -ui, with dat apply the mind to; study. Studiosus, -a, -um, adj studious, fond of, desirous. Studium, -1, N study, desire, inclination. f Stultus, -a, -um, adj foolish. \ Stultus, -1, M a fool. Styrax, -acis, M storax, a tree and its gum. Suavis, -e, adj. (dissyl.) sweet, pleasant, agreeable. Sub, prep. w. ace. and abl near, towards, under, beneath. „ , - , r under, slightly, somewhat ; pre- Sub- as a prefix denotes { . , . .. . ,. I fixed to the name of a salt, Sub-acetas, -atis, m subacetate. [basic. Sub-diaphanus, -a, -um, adj somewhat transparent. Sub-do, 3, -didl, -ditum, tr put or place under. Sub-eo, 4, -lvi or ii, -itum, tr go under, undergo. Sub-flavus, -a, -um, adj somewhat yellow, yellowish. Sub-hurnidus (subumidus), -a, -um, adj. .somewhat moist. Sub-igo, 3, -egl, -actum, tr work under, work thoroughly. Sub-inde, adv now and then; from time to time. Subito, adv suddenly. Subitus, -a, -um, adj sudden. Sublimatio, -onis, F sublimation. Subllmatus, -a, -um, part, adj sublimed, volatilized, condensed. Subllmo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr raise on high, sublime. Sub-moveo, 2, -movl, -motum, tr remove, drive away. Sub-murias, submuriatis, M submuriate. Sub-nitras, -atis, M subnitrate. Subsidentia, -is, F settling, sediment. Sub-sld6, 3, subsedi, subsessum, intr sink down, subside. Substantia, -as, f substance. Sub-stituo, 3, -ui, -iitum, tr substitute, put under. Sub-sulphas, -atis, M subsulphate. Suc-cedo, 3, -cessl, -cessum, intr succeed, follow after, undertake. Succus, -1, M juice, moisture. Sudatio, -onis, f sweating. Sudor, -oris, M sweat, perspiration. SudSrificus, -a, -um, adj sudorific, causing sweat. Suf-fero, sufferre, sustuli, sublatum, tr. . .suffer, undergo, endure. Sufficiens, -entis, part, adj sufficient. [enough. f Suf-ficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr. and intr. .substitute, supply; be sufficient, I Quantum sufficit a sufficient quantity. Sui, sibi, se or sese, reflex, pron., 3d pers. himself, etc., in sing. ; themselves. Sulphas, -atis, M sulphate. Sulphur, -uris, n sulphur. Digitized by Microsoft® 248 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Sulphuratus, -a, -urn, adj sulphurated, impregnated with sul- Sulphuricus, -a, -um, adj sulphuric. [phur. Sum, esse, fui, , intr be, exist. Summitas, -atis, f top, highest part. Summus, -a, -um, adj. sup. of superus . .highest, uppermost. Sumo, 3, sumpsl, sumptum, tr take, take up. Sumptus, -us, M expense. [concerning. Super, prep. w. ace. and abl w. ace., over, upon; w. abl., on, Superbus, -a, -um, adj proud, haughty. Super- fundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr pour over, or upon. Super-impono, 3, -imposui, -imposi- j placg upon _ turn, tr > Supero, 1, -avl, -atum, tr surpass, conquer. Superus, -a, -um, adj high, upper. Supplex, -icis, adj humbly entreating, imploring. Supra, adv above. Sutorius, -a, -um, adj pertaining to a shoemaker. Suus, -a, -um, poss. pron his, their, etc. Sycammus, -I, f mulberry tree. Syrupus, -I, m syrup. Tabacum, -1, N tobacco. Tabella, -as, f tablet. Tabidus, -a, -um, adj wasting away, consuming. Taceo, *, -ui, -itum, intr be silent, say nothing. Tasdet, 2, tasduit, or taesum est, impers. .it wearies, it disgusts. Taleola, -aa, F little stick, piece. Talis, -e, adj such. Talis qualis such as. Tarn, adv so, mostly with adjs. and advs. Tam-diu, adv so long. Tamen, adv but, yet, still, nevertheless. Taminius, -a, -um, adj pertaining to tamnus. Tamnus, -i, F u kind 0} wild grapevine. Tanacetum, -T, N tansy. Tandem, adv at length, at last. Tango, 3, tetigi, tactum, tr touch. Tannicus, -a, -um, adj tannic. Tantum, adv only, merely. Tantum-modo, adv only, provided only. Tantus, -a, -um, adj so great. Taraxacum, -I, N dandelion. Tartaricus, -a, -um, adj tartaric. Tartras, -atis, M tartrate. Taurinus, -a, -tim taurine, oj a bull. Tectum, -I, N roof, cover; house. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 249 Tempts and tento, 1, -avl, -atum, tr. . . .try, test. Tempus, -oris, n time. Tenax, -acis, adj tenacious, tough, tight. Tenebra?, -arum, p darkness. Teneo, 2, tenui, tentum, tr hold, keep, contain. Tener, -era, -erum, adj tender. Tento. See Tempto. Tenuis, -e, adj -fine, thin. Tenuitas, -atis, f fineness, thinness. Tepe-facio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr warm, make warm. Tepidus, -a, -um, adj tepid, warm. Tepor, -oris, m warmth, gentle warmth. Ter, adv thrice, three times. Terebinthina, -a, f turpentine. Terebinthinus, -a, -um, adj of turpentine, turpentine. Term, -as, -a, num. distr. adj three by three, three apiece. Tero, 3, trivl, tritum, tr rub, bruise, triturate. Tersulphas, -atis, M tersulphate. Tertius, -a, -um, num. ord. adj third. Testu, N., indecl earthen cover, lid, vessel. Thea, -as, f tea. Thebas, -arum, f Thebes. Theobroma, -atis, N cacao. tan antidote against the bite of Theriaca, -as, F \ serpents, or against poison in Thlaspi, -is, N thlaspi {an herb) . Thorax, -acis, m thorax, breast, chest. Thymiama, -atis, n thymiama, fumigating compound. Thymum, -1, N thyme. Timeo, a, -ui, , tr fear, dread. Timidus, -a, -um, adj afraid. Timor, -oris, M fear. Tinctura, -as, f tincture. Titulus, -1, m title, name. Tollo, 3, sustull, sublatum, tr remove, take away. Tolu, indecl., N Tolu. Tolutanus, -a, -um, adj of Tolu. Tonicum, -I, N tonic. Tonicus, -a, -um, adj tonic. Torcular, -aris, N press. Tormentum, -1, M press; torment. Tormina, -um, N., used only in plur. . .gripes, pain in bowels. Torpeo, 2, -ui, , intr to be torpid, numb. Torpidus, -a, -um, adj torpid. Torrefactio, -onis, F roasting, torref action. Torreo, 2, torrui, tostum, tr dry, parch, roast. Digitized by Microsoft® 2^0 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Tot, adj., indecl so many. Tot quot as many as. Totus, -a, -um, adj., gen. -lus, dat. -I . . .whole, total. Trachealis, -e, adj tracheal. Trachia, -se, f. (Med. Lat. trachea) trachea. Tracto, i, -avi, -atum, tr handle, deal with. Tragacantha, -as, f tragacanth. Traho, 3, traxi, tractum, tr drag, draw. Transeo, 4, transivi, or transii, transi- 1 . „ ., „„_i, ; H ' ' ' \ pass over, go through. turn, intr. and tr > Tres, tria, adj three. Tricesimus, -a, -um, num. ord. adj thirtieth. Triduum, -1, n space of three days. Trifolium, -I, N trefoil. Tristis, -e, adj sad, sorrowful. Tristitia, -se, p sadness, melancholy. Trituratio, -onis, f trituration. Trituro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr triturate. Trochiscus, -1, M troche. Trutina, -a;, f balance. Turn, adv then, again. Tumidus, -a, -um, adj swollen, inflated. Tumor, -oris, m tumor, swelling. Turbidus, -a, -um, adj disturbed, turbid, muddy. Turbo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr disturb. Tus, turis, N. (or thus, thiiris) frankincense. Tussis, -is, F cough. Tutus, -a, -um, part, adj safe. Tuus, -a, -um, poss. pron thy, thine, your. Typhus, -I, M typhus fever. Typhus entericus typhoid fever. Ubi, adv where, when. Ulceratio, -onis, f ulceration. Ulcerosus, -a, -um, adj ulcerous, sore. Ulcus, -eris, n ulcer, sore. Ullus, -a, -um, adj. gen. -lus, dat. -i. . . .any. Ulmus, -1, F elm-iree, Ulpicum, -1, N ulpicum, a sort of leek. Umor or humor, -oris, M moisture, humor. Una, adv along with, at same time. Uncia, -se, F ounce. Unctus, -a, -um, part, adj anointed, greasy, oily. Unde, adv whence. Undecim, adj eleven. Unguentum, -i, N ointment. Unicus, -a, -um, adj only, single. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 25 I Universus, -a, -um, adj whole, entire. Unquam, adv ever. Unus, -a, -um (adj.), gen. -lus, dat. -I. . . .one. Urbs, urbis, f city. Urgeo, 2, ursi, tr urge, press hard. Uro, 3, ussi, ustum, tr burn. Usitatus, -a, -um, part, adj usual, customary. Usurpo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr use, usurp. Usus, -us, M use, profit, advantage. Ut, or uti, conj. and adv { con J" that < in order that - adv - l. how, as, just as, when. Uter, utra, utrum, gen. ius, dat. I which? which of two? Utilis, -e, adj useful, profitable. Uti-nam, adv would that, O that, I wish that. Utor, 3, uti, usus sum, dep use, employ. Utrum, conj whether. Utrum an whether or. Uva, -ae, f a grape, cluster of grapes. Uva ursi bear-berry, trailing arbutus. Vacclnus, -a, -um, adj of a coiv. Vagabundus, -a, -um, adj vagabond, wandering. Valde, adv very, greatly, exceedingly. Vale, valete (imperat. of valeo) good by. f Valeo, 2, -ul, -itum, intr be well, be strong. <■ Quomodo (or ut) vales? how do you do? Valeriana, -as., F valerian. Valerianas, -atis, m valerianate. Valetudinarius, -a, -um, adj sickly, weak, infirm. Valetudo, -inis, F health. Validus, -a, -um, adj strong, stuidy. Vallis, -is, f valley. Vapor, -oris, m vapor, steam. Vaporatio, -onis, f a steaming, vaporization. Varietas, -atis, f variety. ' Varius, -a, -um, adj various, different. Vas, vasis, n. ; plu., vasa, -drum vessel. Vasum, -1, N vessel. Ve, conj. enclitic or. Vegetabilis, -e, adj vegetable. Vehemens, -entis, adj vehement, violent. Vehementer, adv vehemently, forcibly. Vel, conj or. Vel vel either or. Vena, -a?, f vein, pulse. Venassectio, -onis, f venesection, cutting a vein. Vendo, 3, vendidi, venditum, tr sell. Digitized by Microsoft® 252 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. Venefica, -as, F jemale poisoner, sorceress. Veneficus, -I, m poisoner. Venenatus, -a, -um, part, adj poisonous. Venenosus, -a, -um, adj very poisonous. Venerium, -I, N poison. Venio, 4, veni, ventum, intr come. Venter, ventris, M belly, bowels. Ventriculus, -I, M belly, stomach. Ver, veris, N spring. Verbero, -onis, M rascal, fellow. Verminor, 1, -an, -atus sum, dep., intr. .smart, itch, have shooting pains. Vero, adv. and conj in truth, in fact, but in fact. Verro, 3, verri, versum, tr sweep, sweep out. Verto, 3, verti, versum, tr turn, translate. Verum, conj but, however. Verus, -a, -um, adj true. Veslcatio, -onis, f a blistering. Veslcatorium, -i, n blister, blistering substance. Vesicatorius, -a, -um, adj blistering, causing blister. Vesper, -is; and vesper, -erf, m evening star, evening. VesperascS, 3, avi, , intr to become evening. Vesperi, or vespere in the evening, at evening. Vestio, 4, -Ivi, -ii, -Itum, tr clothe. Vestis, -is, f garment, cloth. Vetulus, -a, -um, adj old. Vetus, -eris, adj old (of long standing). Vetustus, -a, -um, adj old, ancient (used only of things) . Vexo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr vex, shake, distress. Video, 2, vidi, visum sec. Videor, -eri, vlsus sum, dep seem, appear. Vigilo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr be awake, watch. VigintI, num. adj twenty. Vincio, 4, vinxi, vinctum, tr bind. Vinco, 3, vlcl, victum, tr conquer. Vinum, -i, N wine. Vir, -i, M man, hero. Virginianus, -a, -um, adj Virginian. Virus, -1, N virus, poison. Vis, vis, f., plur. vires force, violence; phi., strength. Viscum, -I, n mistletoe. Viso, 3, visi, visum, tr see, visit. Vita, -se, f life. Vitellus, -I, m yolk of egg. Vitiatus, -a, -um, part, adj vitiated, spoiled. ( Vltis, -is, F vine. I Vltis alba bryonia, bryony. Vitreus, -a, -um, adj of glass, glass. Digitized by Microsoft® LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 253 Vitriolum, -1, n vitriol. Vitrum, -T, N glass, glass vessel. Vivo, 3, vixl, vlctum, intr live. Vlvus, -a, -urn, adj alive, living. Vix, adv scarcely, hardly. Vocabulum, -1, N word, term, name. Voco, 1, -a vl, -atum, tr call, summon; name. Volatilis, -e, adj volatile. V0I6, velle, volui be willing, wish, will. Volvo, 3, volvi, volutum, tr roll; think, ponder. Vomitorium, -1, N emetic. Vomitus, -us, M vomiting. Vdx, vocis, F voice. Vulgaris, -e, adj vulgar, common, ordinary. Vulneratus, -a, -um, part, adj wounded. Vulnero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr wound. Vulnus, -eris, n wound, hurt. Xanthoxylum, -I, N xanthoxylum, prickly-ash. Xylobalsamum, -1, n balsam-wood. Zedoaria, -as, p zedoary. Zincum, -1, n zinc. Zingiber, -is, n ginger. Digitized by Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. The names of drugs and technical terms whose Latin equivalents are easily inferred from the English are to be found in the Latin-English vocabulary, where the inflec- tion, quantity, etc., of words common to both vocabularies, are also indicated. Able (be), possum; valeo, 2; queo, 4; adj., capax; potens. About, prep. w. ace. circa, circum; w. abl., de. Above, w. ace. and abl. super; with ace. supra. Abscess, abscessus. Absent, v., absum; adj., absens. Absorb, absorbeo, 2; bibo, 3; im- bibo, 3. Abundance, abundantia, copia. Abuse, abutor, dep., 3. Abusive, contumeliosus. Accept, accipio, 3; recipio, 3. Acceptable, acceptus, gratus, jucun- dus. Accident, casus. According to, ad, de, e or ex. Account, ratio. Accurate, diligens, accuratus, ex- actus. Accustom, assuefacio, 3; feci, fac- tum. Accustomed (I am), ace, soleo, 2. Ache, n., dolor; v., doleo, 2; con- doleo, 2. Acid, n., acidum. Acid, adj., acidus. Act, n., factum, gestum; v., ago, 3; facio, 3. Active, praesens. Acute, acutus, acer. Add, addo, 3; adjicio, 3; appono, 3. Adieu, vale; salve et vale. Adorn, orno, 1; adorno, 1. Advice, consilium, monitio. Advise, suadeo, 2 ; moneo, 2 ; hortor, 1, dep. Affair, res, negotium. Affected with disease, morbo af- fectus, morbo laborans. Afford, prasbeo, 2; reddo, 3. Afraid, timidus, trepidus, pavidus. After, prep., secundum, post; adv., post, postea; conj., postquam. Afternoon, post meridiem. Again, rursus, rursum, iterum, turn, deinde. Against, prep., adversus, contra, prseter; adj., adversus. Age, astas; Kvum. Agitate, moveo, 2 ; agito, 1 ; quatio, 3- Ago, abhinc, ante; long ago, jam- pridem, jamdudum. Agree, assentior, 4, dep. Agreeable, gratus, acceptus, jucun- dus. Ague, febris, horror in febri. Aid, auxilium, adjumentum. Air, aer. Albumen, albumen. Alcohol, alcohol. Alcoholic, alcoholicus. Alive, vivus. All, omnis, universus, cunctus. 2 54 Digitized by Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 25S Allay, sedo, 1 ; mitigo, 1 ; lenio, 4. Allow, slno, 3; permitto, 3; it is allowed, licet. Allspice, pimenta. Almost, pasne, prope, fere. Alone, solus. Already, jam, jamjam. Also, etiam, quoque, praterea, in- super. Although, cum, quamquam. Always, semper. Amber, succinum, electrum. America, America, as. American, Americanus. Among, inter. Amputate, amputo, 1. Anatomy, anatomia. Ancient, vetustus, antiquus, vetus. Ancients, n., antiqui. And, et, ac, atque, -que. Anger, ira. Angry, iratus. Another, alius; a second, alter. Answer, v., respondeo, 2 ; n., respon- sum, responsio. Ant, formica. Anxious, anxius, sollicitus. Any, qui (quis), ullus aliqui (ali- quis) . Any one, quis, quivis, aliquis, quis- quam. Apothecary, medicamentarius. Apparatus, apparatus, us. Appear, videor, dep., 2. Apple, malum, pomum; apple-tree, malus, pomus. Apply, appono, 3; applico, 1; ad- moveo, 2; adhibeo, ■*. Approach, appropinquo, 1. Approve, probo, 1; approbo, 1. Arise, surgo, 3, surrexi, surrec- tum. Arm (upper), lacertus; (forearm), brachium. Army, exercitus. Art, ars. Artichoke, carduus, cinara. As, ut, quam, velut, quemad- modum, quomodo. As (so) . . .as, tam. . .quam. As much. . . as.tantum. . .quantum. Ascertain, reperio, 4. Ashamed (I am ashamed), pudet. Ashes, cinis, gen. cineris. Ask, rogo, 1 ; oro, 1 ; qua?ro, 3 ; inter- rogo, 1. Ask jor, rogo, postulo. Assist, juvo, 1; adjuvo, ±. Assistant, adjutor, socius. At, abl. or loc. abl. w. in; ad. or apud, w. ace. Attain, adipiscor, 3, dep. Attempt, tento, 1; Conor, 1, dep. Attend, attendo, 3. Attentively, attente. Await, exspecto, 1. Away; I go away, abeo, 4; discedo, 3. Away from, a or ab, w. abl.; e or ex, w. abl. Back (of the body, etc.), tergum. Bad, malus. Badly, male. Bag, saccus, marsupium. Balance, trutina. Bald, calvus. Bandage, fascia, fasciola. Bark, cortex, liber. Barley, hordeum. Barometer, barometrum. Base, fundamentum, basis. Basin, pelvis. [thus, 1. Basket, corbis, -is, M. and F., cala- Bath, balneum. Bathe, lavo, 1. Bay, laurus, us, F. Be, sum. Be present, adsum. Bear, fero, porto, 1. Bear.d, barba. Beat, pulso, 1 ; -avi, -atum. Beautiful, pulcher. Because, quod, quia, quoniam. Become, fio ; it is becoming, decet. Digitized by Microsoft® 256 ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. Beech, fagus, I, F. Beef, bubula, se, F. Beer, cerevisia; strong, valida; small, dilution Beetle, scarabaeus, 1, M. Bejore, ante; antequam; coram, w. abl (in the presence of). Begin, incipio, 3; ccepi. Beginning, initium. Behind, post. Behold, ecce, en. Behoove, oportet, decet. Believe, credo, 3. Bell, campana, tintinnabulum. Belly, venter, alvus, abdomen. Benefit, be a benefit to, prosum. Berry, bacca. Best, optimus. Betake {one's self), se conferre. Between, inter. Big, magnus, grandis, amplus. Bind on, illigo, i. Bird, avis. Bitter, n., amarum. Bitter, adj., amarus. Black, ater, niger. Bladder, vesica. Bleed, sanguinem fundere; san- guinem mittere. Blister, pustula, vesicatorium. Blistering, vesicatorius, epispasti- cus. Blistering substance, vesicatorium. Blood, sanguis, cruor (when shed). Blue mass, massa hydrargyri. Body, corpus. Boil, intr. ferveo, 2; ebullio, 4; tr. fervefacio. Boiling, bulliens. Book, liber. Bottle, lagena, ampulla, phiala. Bottom, fundus. Box, area, cista, pyxis, -idis, F. Boy, puer. Brain, cerebrum; cerebellum. Bramble, rubus. Brandy, French, spiritus vini Gallici. Brave, fortis, animosus. Bread, panis. Break, frango, 3; rumpo, 3. Breast, pectus, -oris, N. ; thorax, -acis, M. Breath, spiritus, anima. Bright, clarus, lucidus, illustris. Bring, affero. Broken, fractus. Bromide, bromidum. Bronchial, bronchialis. Brother, frater. Bruise, contundo, 3; contero, 3. Bulb, bulbus. Burn, tiro, 3; comburo, 3; cremo, 1. Burst, rumpo, 3. Business, negotium, occupatio. But, sed, at, at enim, verum; autem. Buy, emo, 3; mercor, 1, dep. By, a, ab, w. abl. (denoting means or instrument, use abl. alone). Call, nomino, 1 ; appello, 1 ; voco, 1. Call jor, postulo, 1; rogo, 1. Calm, asquus. Can, possum. Care, cura. Careful, diligens. Carejully, diligenter. Careless, neglegens. Carelessly, negligenter. Carry, porto, 1; fero; (back) refero. Cause, n., causa. Cause, v., efficio. Cease, cesso, 1. Cerate, ceratum. Certain, quidam; sure, certus. Certainly, certe. Chalk, creta. Chamomile, chamomilla, anthemis. Chance, fors, casus, fortuna. Change, v., muto, 1. Change, n., mutatio. Charles, Carolus. Charm, carmen. Cheerful, lastus, hilaris. Digitized by Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 257 Cheese, caseus. Chemist, chemicus. Cherish, foveo, 2; colo, 3. Chew, manduco, 1; mastico, 1. Children, pueri; liberi. Chill, frigus, -oris, N. ; horror, -oris, M. China, China, se. Chronic, chronicus. City, urbs. Civilized, eruditus. Clarified, despumatus, depuratus. Clean, purus, mundus. Cleanse, purgo, 1; expurgo, 1. Clear, clarus, lucidus. Close, claudo, 3. Closely, arte. Clothe, vestio, 4. Clove, caryophyllum. Coal, carbo. Coca, erythroxylon. Cold, adj. frigidus; n. frigus. Colic, colicus dolor; tormina (plur. of tormen). Collect, lego, 3 ; colligo, 3 (con + lego). Come, venio, 4; advenio, 4. Coming, adventus. Command, n. imperium; v. impero, 1, w. dat. ; jubeo, 2, w. ace; praesum, w. dat. Common, communis. Companion, comrade, conies. Compel, cogo, 3. Compound, compono, 3. Compound, part. adj. compositus. Compound, n. compositio. Conquer, supero, 1; vinco, 3. Consult, consulo, 3. Consume, consumo, 3. Consumption, phthisis. Contain, contineo, 2; capio, 3. Contention, lis. Cook, n. coquus; v. coquo, 3. Cool, adj. frigidus, subfrigidus; v. refrigero, 1. Copper, cuprum, I, N. 17 Digitized by Copperas, ferri sulphas. Coriander, coriandrum. Corner, angulus. Correct, adj. rectus, emendatus; v. corrigo, 3, -rexi, rectum. Correctly, recte. Corrosive sublimate, hydrargyri chloridum corroslvum. Costive, alvo astricta. Costly, pretiosus. Cottage, casa. Cotton, gossypium. Cough, tussis. Count, numero, 1. Counter, abacus. Country, adj. rusticus. Courage, animus, virtus. Cover, obtego, 3. Cow, bos, bovis; pertaining to a cow, vaccinus. Cream of tartar, potassii bitartras. Cruel, crudelis. Crystallize, crystallizo, 1; -avi, -Stum. Cup, poculum. Cure, v. sano, 1 ; medeor, 2, w. dat. ; n., sanatio. Cut, seco, 1; incido, 3. Cut to pieces, concido. Cylindrical, cylindratus. Daily, adj., quotldianus; adv., quotidie; in dies. Dainty, adj. fastidiosus. Dainty, n., a dainty bit, pulpa- mentum. Dandelion, taraxacum. Danger, periculum. Dangerous, periculosus. Dark, adj., obscurus; tenebrosus. Darkness, obscuritas, tenebras. Day, dies; daybreak, prima luce. Dead,, mortuus. Deadly, letalis. Dear, carus, pretiosus. Death, mors; letum. Deceive, decipio, 3 ; -cepi, -ceptum. Microsoft® 2 5 8 ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. Decrease, decresco, 3; -crevi, -cre- tum. Decrease, n., deminutio. Deed, factum, -I. N. ; facinus, -oris, N. Define, definio. Degree, gradus; ordo. Delay, n. mora, -ae, F. ;.v. moror, 1, dep. Demand, postulo, 1. Deny, nego, 1; reciiso, 1. Depart, abeo, 4; discedo, 3. Derive, derivo, 1. Describe, describo, 3 ; -scrips!, -scrip- turn. Desirable, optabilis. Desire, n., cupido, -inis, F. Despair, despero, 1. Destroy, consumo, 3. Die, morior, dep. ; abeo, 4. Difficult, difficilis, gravis. Digest, digero, 3 ; concoquo, 3. Diligence, diligentia. Diligent, diligens, impiger. Diligently, dilegenter. Diluted, dilutus. Direction, mandatum. Discover, see Find. Disease, morbus, adversa valetudo. Disgust, it disgusts, piget, 2. Dish, catinus. Dislocation, luxum. Displacement, amotio. Display, pando, 3; pandi, passum; explico, 1. Dispose, dispSno, 3 (dis + pono). Dissolve, dissolvo, 3; solvo, 3. Distil, destillo, 1. Disturb, turbo, 1; perturbo, ±. Divide, divido, 3. Do, ago, 3; facio, 3; efficio, 3. Doctor, medicus, medicmas doctor. Dose, dosis. Doubt, n. dubium, -i, N. Doubt, v. dubito, 1. Drachm, drachma. Draw blood, see Bleed. Digitized by Draw off, detraho, 3. Dregs, fasx, gen. faecis; sedimentum. Dress, v. vestio, 4. Drink, v. bibo, 3; poto, 1; n., potus, potio. Drive, ago, 3; agito, 1; pello, 3. Drop, gutta. Drop, v. destillo, 1. Drown, mergo, 3^ mersi, mersum; submergo, 3. Drug, medicamentum. Druggist, see Apothecary. Dry, siccus, aridus. Dry, sicco, 1; exsicco, 1. During, per, inter. Dust, pulvis ; mill-dust, pollen ; saw- dust, scobis. Each, quisque; singuli; of two, uterque. Eager, vehemcns, acer. Ear, auris. Early (in the morning), mane. Earnest, severus. Easily, facile. Easy, facilis. Eat, edo, 3 ; vescor, vesci, , dep. Effect, effectus, eventus. Egg, ovum. Eighth, octavus. Elegant, elegans. Emetic, emeticum. Emperor, imperator. Employ, adhibeo, *. Empty, inanis, -e; vacuus. End, finis; terminus, -i, M. End, finio, 4; termino, 1. Endure, suffero. Enemy, inimicus. Enjoy, fruor. Enough, satis. Enter, ineo, 4; intro, 1. Equal, asqualis. Equally, asque. Err, erro, 1. Esteem, asstimo, 1, -avi, -atum. Evaporate, evaporo. Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 259 Even, etiam. Evening, vesper. Event, eventum, eventus, res. Ever, semper, usque, unquam. Every, omnis. Evil, adj . malus, pravus ; n. , malum. Exceed, excedo, 3 (ex + cedo) . Excel, excello, 3; -cellui, -celsus; ante-eo, 4. Exercise, n., exercitatio, usus; v. exerceo, 2. Exhaust, exhaurio, 4. Expect, exspecto, 1. Expectation, spes. Experience, experientia. Experienced, peritus. Experiment, v. experior, 4; tento, 1; n., experimentum. Explain, explico, 1. Explosion, fragor. Express, exprimo, 3. Eye, oculus. Face, facies, vultus. Fact, factum. Fair, pulcher, formosus. Faithful, fidus. False, falsus, mendax, -dacis. Familiar, familiaris, e. Family, familia. Famous, clarus. Feeble, debilis. Fennel, fceniculum. Fever, febris, febricula. Few, pauci, rari; very jew, per- pauci. Field, ager, agellus. Fiery, igneus, ardens. Fifteen, quindecim. Fill, impleo. Filter, v. colo. Filthy, sordidus, impurus. Filtration, colatura, filtratio. Find, invenio, 4; reperio, 4. Finger, digitus. Firmly, firme. Digitized by Microsoft® First, adj. primus; adv. primum, primo. Fir-tree, abies. Fish, go fishing, piscor, dep. 1. Fish, n. piscis. Five, quinque. Fixed, fixus. Flask, ampulla, lagena. Flower, flos. Fluid, adj. fluidus. Fluid, 11., liquor, umor, oris, M. Fluidity, liquor. Follow, sequor, 3, dep. Following, posterus. Folly, stultitia, -as, F. Food, cibus, alimentum, -I, N. Fool, stultus. Foolish, stultus, stolidus. Foolishness, see Folly. Fool, pes. For, conj., nam, enim, etenim. Forehead, frons. Forget, obliviscor, 3, dep. Former, prior, superior. Formula, formula. Fortunate, fortunatus, beatus. Forty, quadraginta. Four, quattuor. Fourth, quartus. Fracture, fractura. Frankincense, tus or thus. Free, liber. Frequent, frequens. Frequently, frequenter, saspe. Fresh, recens. Friend, amicus. Friendship, amicitia, -33, F. Frightful, horribilis. From, a, ab; de; e, ex; after verbs of hindering, quin with subj. Fruit, fructus. Full, adj., plenus, expletus. Furnish, prsebeo. Gall, fel. Gallon, congius. Game, ludus, lusus, -us. 2 60 ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. Garden, hortus. Garlic, allium. Garment, vestis. Gather, lego, 3 ; colligo, 3 (con + lego) . Gentle, lenis. Gift, donum, munus, -eris, N. Ginger, zingiber. Give, do, 1; dono, 1. Glass, vitrum. Glassy, vitreus. Gloomy, tristis. Go, eo, 4; venio, 4; incedo, 3. Go out, exeo, 4. Gold, aurum. Good, bonus, probus. Gore, cruor; sanies, el. Gout, morbus articularis or articu- larius; gout in the hand, chira- gra; gout in the foot, podagra. Govern, impero, 1. Gradually, paulatim; sensim; pede- tentim, gradatim. Grain, granum. Gramme, gramma. Gravity, gra vitas. Greek, Graacus. Grow, cresco, 3. Guess, v., conjicio, 3; conjecto, 1. Guess, n., conjectura. Guide, dux. Habit, mos, consuetudo, -inis, F. Haggard, macer, -era, -crum. Hair, crlnis, -is, M.; pilus, -1, M.; coma, -se, F. Half, adj., dimidius, semis; n., dimidium, dimidia pars. Half a pound, selibra. Hall, aula. Hand, manus; on the other hand, contra. Handle, tracto. Handsome, pulcher, formosus. Hang, pendo, 3, pependi, pensum; suspendo, 3, -pendi, pensum. Happen, it happens, accidit. Digitized by Happy, fellx, -icis; beatus. Hard (not soft), durus; (difficult) difficilis. Hardly, difficile, asgre, vix. Harsh, asper, austerus, severus. Hasten, festino, 1; propero, 1. Hatred, odium, -1, N. ; invidia, -ae, F. Have, habeo, 2. Hay fever, asthma (-atis) pulveru- lentum. Heal, sano, 1 ; medicor, 1 , dep. ; medeor, 2, dep. Healing, sa.na.tio. Health, valetudo, salus. Healthy, sanus, validus, salutaris. Hear, audio, 4. Heart, cor. Heat, calor, -oris, M. ; ardor, -oris, M.; fervor; v. calefacio, 3; ferve- facio, 3. Heaviness, gravitas, pondus. Heavy, gravis, ponderosus. Help, n., auxilium, adjumentum; v., juvo, 1, juvl, jutum. Hemlock, conium, cicuta. Herb, herba. Here, to be here, adsum. Hide, celo, 1; occulto, 1. High, altus; celsus; subllmis, -e. Hill, collis, -is, M. ; tumulus, -I, M. Hinder, impedio, 4. Hip, coxa. Hither, hue. Hold, teneo, 2; obtineo, 2, -tinui, -ten turn. Hole, foramen, cavum. Honey, mel. Hop, lupulus, -I, M. Horehound, marrubium. Horn, cornu. Horse, equus. Hot, calidus; fervidus. Hour, hora. How (of degree), quam; how far, quatenus; how many, quot; how great, quantus; in what manner, quomodo. Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 261 Hundred, centum. Hunger, fames, -is, F. Hurry, festlno, 1; propero, 1. Hurt, laedo, 3; noceo, 2, nocui, nocitum; obsum, w. dat. /, ego. //, si; if not, nisi, si non. Ignorance, ignorantia, inscientia. Ignorant, adj., ignarus, indoctus; to be ig., v., ignoro, 1; nescio, 4. Illustrious, clarus. Imitate, imitor, 1, dep., tr. Immediately, statim. In, in, w. abl. Incompatible, repugnans. Increase, augeo, 2; amplifico, 1; cresco, 3. Increase, n., auctus. Indicate, indico, 1. Indulge, indulgeo, *, -dulsl, -dul- tum. Inexperienced, inexpertus. Infant, infans, -fantis. Infuse, infundo, 3. Ingredient, materia, materies. Inhabit, habito, ±. Inject, injicio, 3. Injure, see Hurt. Inquire, see Ask. Inscribe, inscribo, 3. Instruct, erudio, 4; doceo, *. Instrument, instrumentum. Intend, in animo est, w. dat. of the person. Intermittent, intermittens. Into, in w. ace. Invent, invenio, 4. Invite, invito, 1. Iron, n., ferrum; adj., ferreus. Irritation, irritatio. It, is, ea, id. Itch, scabies, -el, F.; psora. Itself, see Self. Ivory, ebur. Ivy, hedera, -ae, F. Digitized by Jar, testa, -a?, F.; urceus, -I, M. Jaundice, morbus regius; icterus, -i.M. Joint, articulus. Joke, jocus, -I, M. Journey, iter, itineris, N. Joy, gaudium. Judge, judex, judicis, M. Just, Justus, asquus. Justly, juste. Keen, acer. Keep, teneo, 2; habeo, 2. Keep off (trans.), arceo, 2. Kill, neco, 1 ; interficio, 3. Kind, benignus. Kind, n., genus. Knee, genu, -us, N. Knife, culter; scalprum, scalpellum. Knot, nodus, -1, M. Know, know how, scio, 4; not know, nescio. Knowledge, notitia, -se, F.; scientia. Known, notus. Labor, labor. Lack, desum, -esse, -fui; (want) egeo, 2. Lack of knowledge, see Ignorance. Lame, claudus. Lancet, scalpellum. Land, ager; terra, -as, F. Language, lingua. Large, magnus. Large, as large as, tantus — - quan- tus. Last, latest, ultimus, supremus; extremus, recentissimus. Last, at last, denique. Latin, Latinus; "in Latin," Latine. Laugh, rldeo, 2; risi, risum; (at) irrideo, 2 (in + rideo) . Law, lex. Lay, pono, 3. Lazy, piger, ignavus. Lead, plumbum. Lead, v., duco, 3. Microsoft® 262 ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. Lea}, folium. Leaky, rimosus. Learn, disco, 3. Learned, doctus, eruditus. Leave, relinquo, 3. Leech, hirudo, sanguisuga , -as, F. Leek, porrum. Leg, crus, cruris, N. Lesson, pensum. Life, vita. Light, adj., levis. Light, n. lux. Like, v. amo, 1. Like, adj., similis. Lime-stone, calx. Lip, labrum. Liquid, adj., liquidus. Liquid, n. liquidum, liquor. Liquor, liquor. Liquorice, glycyrrhiza. Listen, ausculto, ±. Little, adj., parvus. Little, n. paululum, paulum. Live, vivo, 3; habito, 1 (dwell). Liver, jecur; hepar, hepatis, N. Local, localis. Loin, lumbus. Long, longus. Long-continued, diuturnus. Look at, specto, 1 ; inspecto, 1. Lose, amitto, 3; perdo, 3. Loss, damnum. Love, amo, 1. Low, humilis, -e. Lower, Inferior, inferius. Lucky, felix, felicis. Ludicrous, ludicrus. Mace, macis, -idis, F. Macerate, macero, 1. Make, facio, 3 ; make a trial of, experior, 1, dep. Malaria, malaria. Man, homo; vir. Manner, mos; modus. Many, multi; how many, quot. Marigold, calendula. Digitized by Mark, nota, signum. Marsh, palus. Master, dominus; magister. Material, materia, materies. May, licet, w. dat. Mean, significo, 1. Meaning, significatio. Means (by means of), use the abl. Measure, n., metrum, -1, N.; v., metior, 4. Medicinal, medicinalis. Medicine, medicina ; medicamen- tum. Melancholy, tristitia. Melt, liquefacio, 3. Memory, memoria. Mercury, hydrargyrum. Method, see Mode. Middle, medius. Milk, lac. Mind, animus; mens. Mindful, memor, -oris. Mine, pron., meus. Mint, mentha. Miserable, miser. Miss, omitto, 3 (ob + mitto) ; (de- sire) desidero, 1. Mistake, error; to make a mistake, erro, 1. Mistletoe, viscum. Mix, misceo, 2. Mixture, mistura. Mode, modus, ratio. Modest, modestus. Moist, humidus (umidtis) , madidus. Moisten, humecto (umecto), 1. Money, pecunia. Moon, luna, -as, F. More, plus; magis. Morning, mane; early in the morn- ing, prlmo mane. Morrow, eras. Most, plurimus, plerique. Mother, mater. Mountain, mons. Move, moveo, 2. Much, adj. multus; adv. multo. Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 263 Mucilage, mucilago. Must, oportet; debeo, 2. My, pron., meus. Name, n. nomen. Name, v. nomino, 1. Narrow, angustus. Natural, naturalis. Nature, natura. Navel, umbilicus, -I, M. Near, vicmus; propinquus. Nearly, prope; paene, fere. Necessary, necessarius ; necesse. Neck, collum. Need (want), egeo, 2; careo, 2. Neglect, v., neglego, 3. Neither . . . nor, neque . . . neque ; nee . . .nee. Nerve, nervus. Nervous, nervosus. Nettle, urtica. Never, nunquam. New, novus; (fresh), recens. Next, proximus. Night, nox. Nightshade (deadly), belladonna. Nitric acid, aqua fortis, acidum nitricum. No, adj., nullus, non ullus. No, neg. partic., non, minime, minime vero. Noble, nobilis. Noon, meridies. Nor, conj., nee, neque. Not, adv., non; expecting answer yes, nonne. Nothing, nihil; nil. Nourish, nutrio, 4. Now, adv., nunc, jam. Now and then, subinde. Number, v., numero, 1. Number, n. numerus. Nut, nux. Oak, quercus, -us, F. Obedient, obediens, -entis. Obey, pareo, 2, parui, paritum. Obscure, adj., obscurus. Obtain, adipiscor, 3, dep. ; potior, 4, w. abl. Occasion, as occasion may require, occasionally, pro re nata. Occiput, occiptit, -itis, N. Of, concerning, de. Offer, offero, 3; praebeo, 2. Office (place of business), officlna. Officinal, officinalis. Often, saepe. Oil, oleum. Ointment, unguentum. Old, antiquus; vetus; old man, senex; old age, senectus. On, in, w. abl.; (of time), abl. Once, semel ; once (formerly) , olim, quondam; at once, statim. One, unus; one at a time, singuli; no one, nemo, nullus. Onion, cepa. Only, adj., solus; adv., solum, tan- tum. Open, v. aperio, 4. Open, part. adj. apertus. Opening, foramen. Or, aut, vel, ve (enclitic). Order, in order that, ut; in order that not, ne. Other, alius; some. . .others, alii. . . alii; other of two, alter; the rest, ceterus. Ought, debeo, 2. Ounce, uncia. Our, noster. Out of, prep, e, ex, w. abl. Over, prep, super, w. ace. and abl.; supra, w. ace. Own, proprius; suus, meus, etc. Pack, premo. Pain, dolor. Pale, pallidus. Paper, n., charta; of paper, charta- ceus. Parent, parens, -entis, M. and F. Part, pars. Digitized by Microsoft® 264 ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. Patience, patientia. Patient, n., aeger, asgrotus. Patiently, patienter. Peace, pax. People, populus. Peppermint, mentha piperita. Perceive, percipio, 3. Percolate, percolo, ±. Percolation, colatura. Percolator, percolator. Perhaps, forsan, forte. Person, persona, homo. Pharmacopceia, pharmacopoeia. Phial, phiala.' Physician, medicus. Piece, pars; fragmentum, frustum. Pine away, tabesco, 3, tabul, . Pink {the flower) , dianthus, -I, M. Pitch, pix. Place, locus. Plague, pestilentia, -a?, F.; pestis. Plan, consilium; ratio. Plaster, emplastrum. Play, n. ludus; v. ludo, 3. Pleasant, pleasing, gratus. Please (if you), si placet. Plough, v. aro, 1. Pocket, funda vestis. Poison, venenum. Poisoner, veneficus. Poor, miser. Porous, rarus, spongiosus. Possess, v., possideo, 2, -sedi, -ses- sum; habeo, 2; {get possession) potior, 4. Postscript, postscriptum. Potash, potassium. Pound, n., libra; half a — . selibra; v. contero, 3; contundo, 3. Pour, fundo, 3, fudi, fusum. Powder, pulvis. Power, potestas, -atis, F. Powerful, potens. Practice, v., exerceo, 2; n., usus, experientia. Praise, v. laudo, 1 ; n. laus, lau- dis, F. Preparation, prasparatio. Prepare, paro, 1; praeparo, 1. Prescribe, prasscribo, 3. Prescription, praescriptum. Present, adj., prassens. Press, n. prelum, -1, N. ; torcular; v. premo, 3. Pretty, pulcher. Prevent, prohibeo, 2. Probably, probabiliter. Proceed, procedo, 3 (pro + cede) ; pergo, 3. Promise, polliceor, 2; promitto, 3 (pro + mitto) . Proud, superbus. Provide, paro, 1; comparo, 1. Pulp, pulpa. Pulverize, pulverizo, 1. Punish, punio, 4. Pupil, discipulus. Purchase, emo, 3. Pure, purus, mundus. Purge, purgo, 1. Put, pono, 3 ; loco, 1 ; put an end to, finio, 4 ; — to flight, fugo, 1 ; put in charge of, praepono. Quack, empiricus. Quantity, quantitas. Queen, regina, -as, F. Quick, agilis, -e; citus (part, of cieo) . Quickly, cito. Radish, raphanus, -I, M. Raise, tollo, 3; levo, 1. Rather (wish), malo. Raw, incoctus, crudus. Read, lego, 3; {aloud) recito, 1. Ready, paratus. Really, re vera. Receive, recipio, 3; accipio, 3; ex- cipio, 3. Recently, nuper, recens; very re- cently, nuperrime. Recite, recito, 1. Digitized by Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 265 Recognize, agnosco, 3, -novl, -ni- tum. Recover, recipero, 1 (trans.) ; con- valesce), 3 (intrans.). Rectified, rectificatus. Red, ruber; rufus. Reduce, redigo, 3. Refresh, recreo, 1. Regard, see Think, Relate, narro, 1. Relieve, relevo, 1. Remain, maneo, 2. Remainder, remanentia. Remaining, ceterus. Remedy, remedium. Remember, memini, reminiscor, 3, — — ; memoria teneo. Remove, submoveo, 2. Repeat, repeto, 3. Report, nuntio, 1. Resemble; am like, similis sum. Rest (the), ceteri, reliqui. Rest (the remainder), reliquum. Restrain, coerceo, 2. Retain, retineo, 2. Return, redeo, 4. Return, n. reditus. Reward, premium. Rich, dives. Rightly, recte. Rise, orior, 4, dep. Road, via. Roll, volvo, 3. Roman, Romanus. Root, radix. Rose, rosa. Rosemary, rosmarinus. Rose-water, aqua rosse. Rough, asper. Rub, tero. Ruddy, ruber. Rugged, durus. Ruin, profligo, 1; deleo, ■*. Rule, rego, 3. Run, curro, 3, cucurrl, cursum. Run away, aufugio, 3. Rust, rublg5, -inis, F. Digitized by Sack, saccus. Sad, tristis. Saje, tutus. Sagacious, prudens. Sailor, nauta. Salt, sal. Same, Idem, eadem, idem. Sand, arena. Saturated, saturatus. Save, servo, 1. Savin, sabina. Say, dico, 3. Scammony, scammonium. Scare, terreo, 2, terrul, territum. Scholar, discipulus. School, schola. Science, scientia; doctrina, -£e, F. Scrape, rado, 3. Scruple, scrupulus. Sea, mare, maris, N. ; 0} the sea, marinus. Seat, sedes. Second, secundus. See, video, 2. Seek, peto, 3, petivl, petitum; quasro, 3. Seem, videor, ^. Seldom, raro. Self, ipse, sui. Sell, vendo, 3. Send, mitto, 3. Senna, senna, -se, F. Serious, severus, serius. Servant, servus; minister, -tri. Set, pono, 3; statuo, 3, statu!, sta- tutum. Settling, n. sedimentum. Several, aliquot; nonnulli. Severe, severus, gravis, acer. Shame, pudor. Sharp (in edge), acutus; (to the taste) acer. Shelf, abacus. Shop, officma. Short, brevis, -e. Shut, claudo, 3. Sick, asger; asgrotus. Microsoft® 266 ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. Sickly, morbosus, valetudinarius Side, n. latus. Sift, cribro, i. Sight, visus, -us, M. ; conspectus. Sign, signum; indicium; nota. Signify, significo, i. Silent, silens, -entis. Similar, similis. Simple, simplex; purus. Since (whereas), cum, w. subj. Singular, singularis. Sit, sedeo, i. Skillful, peritus; expertus. Skin, cutis. Slave, servus. Sleep, n. somnus; v. dormio, 4. Small, parvus. Soap, sapo. Soldier, miles. Solid, solidus. Soluble, solubilis. Solution, solutio. Some, some one, aliquis; quidam; some — others, alii — alii. Sometime, aliquando. Sometimes, nonnunquam. Son, Alius. Soon, mox. Soothe, mollio, 4. Sore, ulcus. Sort, see Kind. Spare, parco, 3, pepercl, parsum, w. dat. Speak, loquor, 3, locutus sum. dep. ; dico, 3. Spearmint, mentha viridis, menthas viridis. Special, specialis, e. Specific, adj., specificus, compara- tivus; n. specificum. Spend, consumo, 3. Spirit, spiritus. Spoon, cochleare. Spring, fons. Sprinkle, spargo, 3. Square, quadratus (part, of qua- dra). Stain, maculo, 1. Starch, amylum. State, civitas. Stay, maneo, 2; moror, 1, dep. Steep, macero, ±. Stimulant, stimulus. Stomach, stomachus. Store, officina. Store-house, apotheca. Story, fabula. Strain, percolo, 1. Street, via, -a;, F. Strive, nitor, 3, nixus sum, dep. Strong, validus. Student, discipulus. Studious, studiosus. Study, n. studium. Study, v. studeo, 2. Stupid, stupidus. Sturdy, validus. Subject, res. Such, talis. Sudorific, sudorificus. Suffer, patior, 3, dep.; tolero, 1; suffero, 3 ; suffer with or from, laboro, 1. Sufficient quantity, quantitas suffi- ciens or quantum sufficit. Sugar, saccharum. Suitable, opportunus. Summer, a^stas, -atis, F. Sun, sol. Suppose, see Think. Sure, certus. Surely, certe. Surgeon, chimrgus. Surpass, supero, 1 ; vinco, 3. Swallow, devoro, 1. Swear, juro, 1. Sweet (to taste or smell), dulcis; sua vis; jucundus. Sword, gladius. Symptom (of disease) , nota, signum. Syrup, syrupus. Table, mensa, -as, F. Take, capio, 3; sumo, 3; recipio, 3. Digitized by Microsoft® ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 267 Tall, altus, celsus. Tansy, tanacetum. Tar, pix liquida, picis liquids, F. Tardy, piger; tardus. Taste, n. gustus, -us, M. ; v. gusto, 1 . Tea, thea. Teach, doceo. Tedious, longus. Tell, narro, 1; dico, 3. Ten, decern. Tender, tener. Terrify, see Scare. Test, tento or tempto, 1. Than, quam. That, pron. ille; is; iste. That, conj. in purpose or result clauses, ut ; after verbs of fearing, pos. ne, neg. ut; after negative expressions of doubt and hin- drance, quin; after verbs of say- ing, and the like, not translated. Their, gen. plur. of is; (own) suus. Then, turn, deinde; igitur (there- fore) . Thence, inde. There, ibi; as an expletive, not translated. Therefore, igitur. Thing, res. Think, arbitror, 1, -atus sum, dep.; puto, 1. Third, tertius. Thirst, sitis. Thirty, triginta. This, hie, is. Thoroughly, penitus. Though, cum. Three, tres. Through, per, w. ace. Time, tempus; a short time, paulis- per. Tincture, tinctura. Tired, defessus. To, sign of dative; ad, in, w. ace; expressing purpose, ut, ad, w. gerund or gerundive, supine. Tobacco, tabacum. To-day, hodie. Together with, cum, w. abl. Tombstone, monumentum, -1, N. To-morrow, eras. Tongue, lingua. Tonic, tonicum. Too (also), quoque; (too much) nimium. Torpid (to be), torpeo, *. Touch, tango, 3. Tough, lentus, durus (hardy). Towards, ad, in, w. ace. Trachea, trachla, trachea. Train, exerceo, 2. Translate, reddo, 3. Tree, arbor. Trial (make), experior, 4, dep. Troche, trochiscus. Troublesome, molestus. True, verus. Try, experior, 4, dep.;conor, 1, dep.; tento, 1. Turn into Latin, reddere Latine. Turnip, rapum. Turpentine , terebinthina. Two, duo. Unable (to be) , translate, can not. Uncertain, incertus. Understand, intellego, 3. Undertake, suscipio, 3, -cepi, -cep- tum; conor, 1, dep. Unlearned, untaught, indoctus. Until, dum, donee. Unwilling (to be), nolo. Upon, in, w. ace. or abl. Use, utor, 3, dep., w. abl. ; usurpo, 1. Use, n. usus. Useful, utilis. Usual, usitatus. Usually, plerumque, fere. Vain (in), frustra. Valerian, Valeriana. Valley, vallis. Vaporization, vaporatio. Various, varius. Digitized by Microsoft® 268 ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. Vegetable, adj. vegetabilis. Vein, vena. Very, superl. degree, or express by, admodum, valde. Vessel, vas. Vial, phiala. Vine, vitis. Vinegar, acetum. Violence, vis. Virtue, virtus, -utis, F. Visit, viso, 3. Voice, vox. Volatile, volatilis. Vomit, vomo, 3, vomui, vomitum; vomito (often), 1. Wagon, carrus, -I, M. Wahoo, euonymus. Wait, exspecto, 1. Walk, ambulo, 1. Walnut, juglans. Want (be in), careo. Ward off, arceo, 2. Warm, calidus; lukewarm, tepidus. Warm (make), calefacio, 3; tepe- facio, 3. Warn, moneo, 2. Wash, v., lavo, 1 ; luo, 3, lui, lutum; n., lotio. Washing, lotio. Water, aqua. Wax, cera. Weak, debilis. Weary, fessus; defessus. Weep, fleo, 2. Well, bene. Well (be), valeo, 2. What, interrog. quis (qui). When, cum (quum) ; interrog., quando. Where, ubi. Whether, num; whether .. .or, utrum . . . an, ne . . . an. Which, quis (qui) ; (of two) , titer. While, dum. Whiskey, frumenti spiritus. White, albus. Who, rel., qui; interrog., quis. Whole, totus. Why, cur; quare; quamobrem. Wicked, scelestus. Wide, latus. Wife, uxor, -oris, F. Wild, ferus. Wine, vinum. Wine-glass, cyathus. Winter, hiems. Wise, sapiens. Wisely, sapienter. Wish, volo. With, cum, w. abl. ; by means of, abl. alone. Without, sine, w. abl. Without (to be), careo, *. Woods, silva. Wool, lana, -se, F. Word, verbum, -1, N. Work, labor; opus. Work, laboro. Worthy, dignus. Would rather, malo. Would that, utinam. Wound, vulnus. Wounded, vulneratus. Wretched, miser. Write, scribo, 3. Writer, scriptor. Writing, scriptum. Wrong, injuria. Year, annus. Yellow, flavus. Yes, ita, sane, vero, certe, etc. Yesterday, heri. Yet, at; tamen; not yet, nondum. Yolk, vitellus. You, sing, tu, plur. vos. Your, tuus, vester. Young, young man, young woman, adj. and n., juvenis, adulescens, -entis, M. and F. Zeal, studium. Zealous, diligens; studiosus. Digitized by Microsoft® GENERAL INDEX. A 1.1 j.' t . PARAGRAPH Ablative of agent , , Ablative of cause 22I Ablative of characteristic 230 Ablative with comparatives 04 Ablative of manner 64 Ablative of means, etc 38 Ablative of separation c6 Ablative of specification I2 o Ablative of time eg Ablative of place 219 (2), (3); 220 (2), (3) Ablative with utor, etc jg. Ablative absolute 285, 286 Accent 6 Accusative of direct object r 6 Accusatives, two with verbs of choosing, etc 71 Accusative of duration of time 173 Accusative of place to which 219 (1), 220 (1) Accusative subject of infinitive 271 Acidum Nitricum 325 Adjectives of First and Second Declensions 34 Adjectives of Third Declension 62, 67, 73-75 Adjectives, numeral 187-196 Adversative (concessive) clauses 251, 254 Agreement of adjectives 30 Agreement of relative pronouns, of verbs with rel. pron. as subj. 170, 171 Alphabet 1 Answers 28 Antidote of Mithridates 338 Appositives 31 Article 14 Cases 8 Cascarillae extractum: Passage for Translation 151 Cato: Passages for Translation 85, 86 Cato de vi medicamentosa brassies 174 Cato's recipe for birthday cake 182 Cato de musto 200 269 Digitized by Microsoft® 270 GENERAL INDEX. PARAGRAPH Cato on the medicinal value of cabbage 336 Celsus de his quse calefaciunt et refrigerant 158 Celsus de parotidibus 204 Celsus de ciiratione vulneris, etc 210 Celsus de emplastris 223 Celsus' remedy for hydrophobia 339 Chamomilla? syrupus 151, 3 Comparison of adjectives 87—93 Comparison of adverbs 97-104 Comparative with the ablative 94 Concessive Clauses — see Adversative Clauses 251, 254 Conjugation of sum 37 Conjugation First 41, 42 Conjugation Second 51, 52 Conjugation Third 79, 80 Conjugation Fourth 106, 107 Conjugation Third : Verbs in to 113,114 Cum temporal, causal, and adversative 251-254 Dative of indirect object 18 Dative of possession 22 Dative with compounds of sum 179 Dative with gerundive 294 Declension First 10-13 Declension Second 23-27 Declension Third 47 Declension Third, mute stems 48 Declension Third, liquid stems 58 Declension Third, 5 stems 61-63 Declension Third, stems in i 66-70 Declension Third, mixed stems 72-75 Declension Fourth 1 17-123 Declension Fifth 124-128 Declension of special nouns, — vis, deus, etc 130 Declension of the Comparative 93 Deponent verbs of First and Second Conjugations 180 Deponent verbs of Third and Fourth Conjugations 183, 186 Direct Object 16 Duration of time 173 Electuarium Theriaca 327 Elixir Aurantiorum Compositum 328 Enclitics foot-note 21 Extractum Absinthil 329 Fearing, verbs of 248, 249 Digitized by Microsoft® GENERAL INDEX. 271 PARAGRAPH Gender g, u, 23, 76, 118, 119, 125 Genitive with verbs of remembering and forgetting 184, 185 Genitive, partitive 197 Genitive of characteristic 240 Gerundive with sum: Passive periphrastic conjugation 292 Gerundive with dative 294 Gerund and Gerundive 296-301 Imperative 266, 267 Imperative: Subjunctive for the Imperative 262,-264, 268 Impersonal verbs 288-290 Indirect Object 18 Indirect Discourse 271-277 Indirect Discourse: Tenses of the Infinitive 275, 276 Indirect Discourse: Subordinate Clauses 277 Indirect Questions 256, 257, 259, 260 Infinitive 270, 271 Infinitive, Tenses of 275, 276 Interrogative words, ne, ndnne, num. 39, 1, 2, 3 Irregular verbs, void, nolo, maid 199 Irregular verb, fero 201 Irregular verbs, eo, jid , 205-208 Malagma ad Laterum Dolores 332 -Ne, participle enclitic, sign of question 21 Ne, negative 236, 263 Ne with verbs of fearing 248, 249 Nugas 172 Numerals 187-196 Oleum Cacao 95 Participle, declension of the present 75 Participles 279-283 Pasta Gummosa 9 6 Periphrastic Conjugations 29 1-294 Physician and Patient 335 Place, expressions of 21 7-220 Pleasing, displeasing, etc., verbs of 244 Predicate noun x 7 Possessive Dative 22 Prepositions 2 1 1-2 16 Prescription Writing 3° 6 Prescriptions, Formulas, etc 3 7 _ 34o Pronouns, classes of *3 2 Digitized by Microsoft® 272 GENERAL INDEX. PARAGRAPH Pronouns, declension of personal 133 Pronouns, use of personal 135, 136, 138, 139 Pronouns, Reflexive 134, 138 Pronouns, Possessive 140, 141, 142 Pronouns, Demonstrative and Intensive 144-149, 152-157 Pronouns, Relative, Interrogative, Indefinite 1 59-1 71 Pronouns, Agreement with antecedent 170, 171 Pronunciation 3,7 Pulvis Aromaticus 151,2 Purpose with ut and ne 236 Purpose with qui 238 Quae Purgent 333 Quantity 5 Qum with Subjunctive after verbs of hindering, etc 243 Relative Clauses of purpose and result 238, 246 Relative Pronouns, agreement and case of 170 Relative Pronouns, agreement of verbs with 171 Remembering and forgetting, verbs of 184 Seneca, passage for translation 255 Sequence of tenses 227-234 Space, extent of 173 Subject of finite verb 15 Subject Accusative 271 Subjunctive Mood 226-264 Subjunctive Use of Tenses 227-234 Subjunctive of Purpose . ' 236, 23S Subjunctive expressing will — volitive subj 262—264 Subordinate clauses of Indirect Discourse 277 Substantive clauses after verbs of admonishing, etc 245 Substantive clauses after verbs of accomplishing, etc 247 Sum, Conjugation of 37 Sum, compounds of 175—179 Sum, case with compounds of 179 Supine in urn. 302, 303 Supine in il - 304 Syllables, division of words into 4 Temporal clauses with cum 251, 252 Time when, and within which 59 Time, duration of 173 Digitized by Microsoft® GENERAL INDEX. 273 Ut, ut non with subjunctive 236, 245, 246, 247 Utor, fruor, etc., take the abl 183 Verbs of making, choosing, etc 71 Volitive Subjunctive 262-264, 2 68 Wishes and Conditions 261 18 Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® INDEX TO PHARMACEUTICAL AND MED- ICAL TERMS AND SUGGESTIVE DERIVATIONS. {The figures refer Aerophobia 209 Alterative 342 Anaesthetics 342, 2 Analgesics 342, 2 Angelica 330, 1 Anodynes 342, 2 Antacids 342, 1 Anthelmintics 342, 4 Anthemis 78, 1 Antiperiodics 342 Antipyreticus 321 Antiseptics 342 Antispasmodics 342 Archangelica 33°. 3 Aristolochia 321, 3 Aristolochia Polyrrhyza . . 321, 4 Aristolochia Serpen taria. . 322, 5 Astigmatism 222 Astringents 342 Atrabllis 322 Atramentum 321 Atrophy 209 Auripigmentum 334 Brachiocubital 278 Brachiotomy 278 to the paragraphs.) Capsicum 143, Carbonization 341 Carminatives 342, Caryophyllum 330, Caryophyllus Dianthus ... 330, Cascarilla 330, Catarrhus no, Cathartics 342, Caustics 342, Cholagogues 342, Christophorus 209, Chrysalis 265, Clarification 341 Cochleare 287, Cochleariformis 287, Colation 341 Collutorium 250, Colluvies 250, Comminution 341 Confection 295, Contagiosus 250, Convulsion 278, Convulsionaire 278, Coronoid 263, Cotyledon 265, Cubans 337, Calcination 341 Decantation 341 Calefacients 236, 2 Decoction 341 Calendula 143, 1 Decolorization 341 Calorifacient 287, 1 Demulcents 342, 5 275 Digitized by Microsoft® 276 INDEX TO PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL TERMS. Desiccation 341 Desiccativa 241, 3 Diagnosis 105, 1 Dialysis 341 Diaphoresis 326, 1 Digestion 341 Digitalis 198, 1 Disinfectants 342, 5 Distillation 341 Diuretics 342, 4 Dosiologia 295, 2 Dysphagia 265, 6 Dysphonia 265, 7 Dyspnoea 265, 5 Dysthanatos 265, 8 Electuarium 330, 6 Elixir 143, s Emetics 342, 4 Emollients 342, 5 Emplricus 295, 3 Emplastrum no, 5 Enterotyphus 222, 5 Epispastics 342, 5 Errhines 342 , 4 Escharotics 342, 5 Eupatorium 105, 2 Evaporation 341 Exhilirants 342, 2 Expectorants 342, 4 Experimentum 143, 3 Experior 338, 2 Expression 342 Extractum 143, 4 FebricSsus 337, 3 Febrifuga 337, 4 Filtration 342 Fusion 342 Gaultheria no, 6 Gentiana 143, 6 Gingivitis 241, 1 Glucosum 321, 9 Glycermum 321, 8 Glycyrrhiza 321, 6 Glycyrrhoea 321, 7 Digitized by Haematites 334, 2 Haematology 334, 4 Haemophobus 334, 3 Hedeoma 78, 4 Hemiopsia 222, 6 Hemiplegia 265, 1 Hepatalgia 241, 5 Humor pericardii 334, 5 Hydrocephalus 340, 3 Hydromania 209, 6 Hydrometrum 209, 4 Hydropericardium 340, 2 Hydrophobia 340, 1 Hydropneumonia 209, 7 Hydrotherapy 198, 6 Hyoscyamus 198, 2 Hypogastralgia 105, 3 Ignition 341 Incineration 341 Infusion 341 Lactophosphas 78, 2 Lactuca 78, 3 Laevogyrate 209, 8 Lavendula no, 7 Letifer no, 8 Levigation 341 Lumbago 265, 9 Luxum 105, 4 Macration 341 Malagma 334, 6 Malaria 105, 5 Mastoid 295, 4 Melituria 295, 6 Mesosternum 295, 5 Morbid 287, 4 Morbific 287, 5 Morphma 78, 5 Mydriatics 342, 4 Myotics 342, 4 Narcotics 34i, 2 Odontalgia 198, 5 Oenanthe 334, 7 Microsoft® INDEX TO PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL TERMS. 277 Officinalis 295, 7 Opobalsamum 340, 4 Oxymel 337, 6 Parenchyma 330, 7 Parotis 198, 3 Pedialgia 334, 8 Percolation 341 Peritoneum 305, 2 Pestiferous 250, 5 Pharmacopoeia 305, 1 Pharmacopola 305, 4. Phosphorus 305, 5 Photomania 305, 6 Photophobia 305, 7 Photopsia 305, 8 Photuria 305, 9 Piperoid 241, 4 Podophyllum 198, 4 Praecordia 337, 5 Pruriginosus 105, 7 Psora 105, 6 Ptosis 3°5> 3 Pulsus 3 2(5 > 5 Pulsus Biferiens 326, 6 Pylorus 3 20 > 8 Pyriformis 326, 7 Rectificatio 326, 9 Rectitis 326, 10 Refrigerants 343. Retorta 326, Rhinoplasty 209, Rosmarinus 334. Rubefacients 34 2 , Saccharometer 2 95. 8 Salvia io 5. 8 Sanguinaria n°> 2 Sanguipurgium 34°. S Sanguisuga 34°. 5 Sa.pona.riae Nuculae 287, 7 Sarsaparilla 143, 7 Scalpellum 198, 8 Sialogogues 342, 4 Soporifics 342, 2 Spectroscope 198, 7 Spinal Sedatives 342, 2 Spinal Stimulants 342, 2 Squamaria 221, 4 Squamiferous 321, 10 Strabismus 222, 4 Styptics 342 , s Subdiaphanus 334, 10 Sublimation 341 Sudorifics 342, 4 Tonics 342, 1 Tonicum 78 6 Torcular 326, 4 Tormina 337, 7 Torrefaction 342 Torticollis 326, 3 Trifolium 330, 8 Trituration 341 Trochiscus 78, 7 Typhus 222 , 3 Vascular Sedatives 342, 3 Vascular Stimulants 342, 3 Venaesectio 337, 8 Ventricle 278, 5 Ventriloquism 278, 6 Ventripotent 278, 7 Xanthopsis 222, 8 Xanthorrhiza 222, 9 Xanthoxylum 222, 7 Xanthuria 222 , 10 Xylobalsamum 334. n Zoophyte 33°. S Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS ▼ There have been sold more than 145,000 copies of Gould's Dictionaries See Pages 12 and 13 P. Blakiston's Son & Company PUBLISHERS OF MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC BOOKS 1012 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA Digitized by Microsoft® Montgomery's Gynecology A PRACTICAL TEXT-BOOK A modern comprehensive Text-Book. By Edward E. Montgomery, m.d. ^Professor of Gynecology in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia; Gynecologist to the Jefferson and St. Joseph's Hospitals, etc. 527 Illustrations, many of which are from original sources. 800 pages. Octavo. Cloth, $5.00; Leather, $6.00 *+* This is a systematic modern treatise on Diseases of Women. The author's aim has been to produce a book that will be thorough and practical in every particular. The illustrations, nearly all of which are from original sources, have for the most part been drawn by special artists who, for a number of months, devoted their sole attention to this work. " The book is one that can be recommended to the student, to the general practitioner — who must sometimes be a gynecologist to a certain extent whether he will or not — and to the specialist, as an ideal and in every way complete work on the gynecology of to-day — a practical work for practical workers." — The Jour- rial of the American Medical Association. Byford's Gynecology Third Revised Edition A MANVAL FOR. STUDENTS AND PHYSICIANS By Henry T. Byford, m.d., Professor of Gynecology and Clinical Gynecology in the College of Physicians and Sur- geons of Chicago ; Professor of Clinical Gynecology, Women's Medical School of Northwestern University, and in Post-Graduate Medical School, etc. Third Edition, En- larged. 363 Illustrations, many of which are from original drawings and several of which are Colored. l2mo. Cloth, #3.00 " As a book to help the student to quickly review what ought to be gotten up, so as to be prepared for the early examination , it is of great service. Such a book would also make a most excellent text- book for the college class room."— Virginia Medical Semi-Monthly, Richmond. Digitized by Microsoft® By JAMES TYSON, M. D. Professor of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Physician to the Philadelphia Hospital, etc. The Practice of Medicine. Second Edition. A Text-Book for Physicians and Students, with Special Ref- erence to Diagnosis and Treatment. With Colored Plates and many other Illustrations. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 127 Illustrations. 8vo. 1222 pages. Cloth, $5.50; Leather, JS6.50; Half Russia, $7.50 ***This edition has been entirely reset from new type. The author has revised it carefully and thoroughly, and added much new material and 37 new illustrations. " We are firmly convinced that at the present time Dr. Tyson's book on Practice can be most heartily commended to both the practi- tioner and student as a safe, reliable, and thoroughly up-to-date guide in the practice of medicine." — The Therapeutic Gazette. ** The clinical descriptions are clear and full, and the methods of treatment described are those generally recognized as being the most modern and satisfactory." — The London Lancet. Guide to the Examination of Urine. Tenth Edition. For the Use of Physicians and Students. With Colored Plate and Numerous Illustrations Engraved on Wood. Tenth Edition, Revised, Enlarged, and in many parts entirely rewritten. Cloth, $1.50 *^* A French translation of this book has been pub- lished in Paris. *' The book is probably more widely and generally known and ap- preciated than any of its similars in subject and scope." — New York Medical Journal . "The book is a reliable one, and should find a place in the library of every practitioner and student of medicine." — Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. Handbook of Physica.1 Diagnosis. Fourth Edition. Revised and Enlarged. With two Colored Plates and 55 other Illustrations. 298 pages. l2mo. Cloth, #1.50 " Like everything else emanating from this distinguished author this little book is replete with practical information from beginning to end." — The Chicago Medical Recorder. "The author approaches his subject from a practical point^of view and the little work will prove a good friend to the student."— The American Journal of the Medical Sciencet. 3 Digitized by Microsoft® NEW THIRD EDITION— NOV READY Morris' Anatomy Rewritten — Revised — Improved WITH MANY NEW ILLUSTRATIONS Out of 102 of the leading medical schools 60 recommend "Morris." It contains many features of special advantage to students. It is modern, up-to-date in every respect. It has been carefully revised, the articles on Osteology and Nervous System having been rewritten. Each copy con- tains the colored illustrations and a Thumb Index. Octavo. With 846 Illustrations, of which 267 are printed in colors. CLOTH. $6.00; LEATHER. $7.00 " The ever-growing popularity of the book with teachers and stu- dents is an index of its value, and it may safely be recommended to all interested." — From The Medical Record t New York. " Of all the text-books of moderate size on human anatomy in the English language, Morris is undoubtedly the most up-to-date and accu- rate." — From The Philadelphia Medical Journal. McJVlurrich — .embryology THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN BODY With 270 Illustrations A Text-Book for Medical Students. By J. Playfair McMurrich, Professor of Anatomy, Medical Department, University of Michigan. 527 pages. Cloth, $3.00 Digitized by Microsoft® NINTH EDITION POTTER'S MATERIA MEDICA, PHARMACY, and THERAPEUTICS An Exhaustive Handbook Including the Action of Medicines, Special Therapeutics of Disease, Official and Practical Pharmacy, and Minute Direc- tions for Prescription Writing, etc. Including over 650 Prescriptions and Formulae. By Samuel O. L. Potter, M.A., M.D., m.r.C.p. (Lond.), formerly Professor of the Principles and Practice of Medicine, Cooper Medical Col- lege, San Francisco ; Major and Brigade Surgeon, U. S. Vol. Ninth Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 8vo. With Thumb Index in each copy. Cloth, $5.00 ; Leather, $6.00 *^*This is the most complete and trustworthy book for the use of students and physicians. Students who pur- chase it will find it to contain a vast deal of information not in the usual text-books arranged in the most practical man- ner for facilitating study and reference. It cannot be sur- passed as a physician's working book. WHITE AND WILCOX. Materia Medica, Pharmacy, Pharmacology, and Thera- peutics. Fifth Edition. A Handbook for Students. By W. Hale White, m.d., f.r.c.p., etc., Physician to, and Lecturer on Materia Medica and Therapeutics at, Guy's Hospital, etc. Fifth American Edition, Revised by Reynold W. Wilcox, m A , m. d. , ll.d. , Professor of Clinical Medicine and Thera- peutics at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital ; Visiting Physician, St. Mark's Hospital ; Assist- ant Visiting Physician, Bellevue Hospital. i2mo. Cloth, #3.00 ; Leather, $3. 50 Digitized by Microsoft® SUBJECT INDEX. Gould's Medical Dictionaries, « Pages 12, 13 Morris' Anatomy, New Edition, - - Page 4 Compends for Students, = Page 27 SUBJECT. PAGE Alimentary Canal (see Sur- gery) 24 Anatomy 7 Anesthetics 18, 19 Autopsies (see Pathology) 20 Bacteriology 8 Bandaging (see Surgery) . . 24 Blood, Examination of . . . 8 Brain 8 Chemistry. Physics .... 9 Children, Diseases of 11 Climatology 19 Clinical Charts 25 Compends 27 Consumption (see Lungs) . 16 Cyclopedia of Medicine. . . 13 Dentistry 11 Diabetes (see Urin. Organs) 25 Diagnosis 11 Diagrams (see Anatomy) . 8 Dictionaries, Cyclopedias . 12 Diet and Food 13 Disinfection 16 Dissectors 7 Ear 14 Electricity 14 Embryology 7 Emergencies 24 Eye 14 Fevers 15 Food 13 Formularies 21 Gynecology 15 Hay Fever 25 Heart 15 Histology 15 Hydrotherapy 19 Hygiene 16 Hypnotism 8 Insanity 8 Intestines 23 Latin, Medical (see Phar- macy) 21 Life Insurance 19 Lungs 16 Massage .' 17 Materia Medica 17 Mechanotherapy 17 Medical Jurisprudence. ... 18 Self-Examination for Medical Students. 3500 Questions on Medical Subjects, with References to Standard Works in which the correct replies will be found. Together with Questions from State Examining Boards. 3d Ed. Paper Cover, 10 cts. SUBJECT. PAGE Mental Therapeutics 8 Microscopy 18 Milk 8, 10 Miscellaneous 18 Nervous Diseases 19 Nose 25 Nursing 20 Obstetrics 20 Ophthalmology 14 Organotherapy 18 Osteology (see Anatomy) . 7 Pathology 20 Pharmacy 21 Physical Diagnosis 11 Physical Training 17 Physiology 22 Pneumotherapy 19 Poisons (see Toxicology) . . 18 Practice of Medicine 22 Prescription Books (Phar- macy) 21 Refraction (see Eye) 14 Rest 19 Sanitary Science 16 Skin 23 Spectacles (see Eye) 14 Spine (see Nervous Dis- eases) 19 Stomach 23 Students' Compends ...... 27 Surgery and Surgical Dis- eases 24 Technological Books 9 Temperature Charts 25 Therapeutics 17 Throat 25 Toxicology 18 Tumors (see Surgery) .... 24 U. S. Pharmacopoeia 22 Urinary Organs 25 Urine 25 Venereal Diseases 26 Veterinary Medicine 26 Visiting Lists, Physicians'. (Send for Special Circu- lar.) Water Analysis 16 Women, Diseases of 15 Digitized by Microsoft® SUBJECT CATALOGUE OF MED ICAL BOOKS. 7 SPECIAL NOTE. — The prices given in this catalogue are net; no discount can be allowed retail purchasers under any con- sideration. This rule has been established in order that everyone will be treated alike, a general reduction in former prices having been made to meet previous retail discounts. Upon receipt of the advertised price any book will be forwarded by mail or express, all charges prepaid. ANATOMY. EMBRYOLOGY. MORRIS. Text-Book of Anatomy. Third Revised and Enlarged Edition. 846 Illustrations, 267 of which are printed in colors. Thumb Index in Each Copy. Cloth, $6.00 ; Leather, S7.00 "The ever-growing popularity of the book with teachers and students is an index of its value." — Medical Record, New York. BROOMELL. Anatomy and Histology of the Human Mouth and Teeth. 2d Edition, Enlarged. 337 Illus. Cloth, 84.50 CAMPBELL. Dissection Outlines. Based on Morris' Anatomy. 2d Edition. .50 DEAVER. Surgical Anatomy. A Treatise on Anatomy in its Application to Medicine and Surgery. With 499 very hand- some full-page Illustrations Engraved from Original Drawings made by special Artists from dissections prepared for the pur- pose. Three vols. By Subscription only. Half Morocco or Sheep, $24.00 ; Half Russia, $27.00 GORDINIER. Anatomy of the Central Nervous System. With 271 Illustrations, many of which are original. Cloth, $6.00 HEATH. Practical Anatomy. 9th Edition. 321 Illus. $4.25 HOLDEN. Anatomy. A Manual of Dissections. Revised by A. Hewson, m.d., Demonstrator of Anatomy, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. 320 handsome Illustrations. 7th Ed. In two compact 12mo volumes. 850 pages. Large New Type. Vol. I. Scalp — Face— Orbit— Neck — Throat— Thorax— Up- per Extremity. $1.50 Vol. II. Abdomen — Perineum — Lower Extremity — Brain — Eye — Ear — Mammary Gland — Scrotum — Testes. $1.50 HOLDEN. Human Osteology. Comprising a Description of the Bones, with Colored Delineations of the Attachments of the Muscles. The General and Microscopical Structure of Bone and its Development. With Lithographic Plates and numer- ous Illustrations. 8th Edition. $5.25 HOLDEN. Landmarks, Medical and Surgical. 4th Ed. .75 HUGHES AND KEITH. Dissections. With 527 Colored Plates and other Illustrations. In three parts. I, Upper and Lower Extremity. $3.00 II, Abdomen— Thorax. $3.00 III, Head— Neck— Central Nervous System. $3.00 LAZARUS-BARLOW. Pathological Anatomy. 21 Plates and 171 other Illustrations. Just Ready. $6.50 MACALISTER. Human Anatomy, Systematic and Topograph- ical. 816 Illustrations. Cloth, $5.00; Leather, $6.00 McMURRICH. Embryology, The Development of the Human Body. 276 Illustrations. $3.00 Digitized by Microsoft® SUBJECT CATALOGUE. MARSHALL. Physiological Diagrams. Eleven Life-Size Colored Diagrams (each seven feet by three feet seven inches). Designed for Demonstration before the Class. In Sheets, Unmounted, $40.00; Backed with Muslin and Mounted on Rollers, $60.00; Ditto, Spring Rollers, in hand- some Walnut Wall Map Case, $100.00 ; Single Plates— Sheets, $5.00; Mounted, $7.50. Explanatory Key, .50. Purchaser must pay freight charges. MINOT. Laboratory Text-Book of Embryology. 218 Illustra- tions. Just Ready. $4.50 POTTER. Compend of Anatomy, Including Visceral Anatomy. 6th Edition. 16 Plates and 117 other Illustrations. .80 ; Interleaved, $1.00 WILSON. Anatomy. 11th Edition. 429 Illus., 26 Plates. $5.00 BACTERIOLOGY. CONN. Agricultural Bacteriology. Including the Study of Bacteria as relating to Agriculture, Soil, Dairy and Food Products, Sewage, Domestic Animals, etc. Illustrated. $2.50 CONN. Bacteria in Milk and Its Products. Designed for Students of Dairying, Boards of Health, Bacteriologists, etc. Illustrated. $1.25 EMERY. Bacteriological Diagnosis. 2 Colored Plates and 32 other Illustrations. $1.50 HEWLETT. Manual of Bacteriology. 75 Illustrations. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. $4.00 SMITH. Laboratory Exercises in Bacteriology. A Handbook for Students. Illustrated. $1.50 WILLIAMS. Bacteriology. A Manual for Students. 90 Illus- trations. 2d Edition, Revised. $1.50 BLOOD, Examination of. DA COSTA. Clinical Hematology. A Practical Guide to the Examination of the Blood, with Reference to Diagnosis. Six Colored Plates and 48 other Illus. Cloth, $5.00 ; Sheep, $6.00 BRAIN AND INSANITY (see also Nervous Diseases.) BLACKBURN. A Manual of Autopsies. Designed for the Use of Hospitals for the Insane and other Public Institutions. Ten full-page Plates and other Illustrations. $1.25 CHASE. General Paresis. Illustrated. $1.75 DERCUM. Mental Therapeutics, Rest, Suggestion. See Cohen, Physiologic Therapeutics, page 17. GORDINIER. The Gross and Minute Anatomy of the Central Nervous System. With full-page and other Illus. $6.00 HORSLEY. The Brain and Spinal Cord. The Structure and Functions of. Numerous Illustrations. $2.50 IRELAND. The Mental Affections of Children. 2d Ed. $4.00 LEWIS (BEVAN). Mental Diseases. A Text-Book having Special Reference to the Pathological Aspects of Insanity. 26 Lithographic Plates and other Illustrations. 2d Ed. $7.00 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 9 MANN. Manual of Psychological Medicine. $3.00 PERSHING. Diagnosis of Nervous and Mental Disease. Illus- trated. SI. 25 REGIS. Mental Medicine. Authorized Translation by H. M. Bannister, m.d. $2.00 SCHOFIELD. The Force of Mind. $2.00 STEARNS. Mental Diseases. With a Digest of Law s Relating to Care of Insane. Illustrated. Cloth, $2.75; Sheep, $3.25 TUKE. Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. Giving the Definition, Etymology, and Symptoms of the Terms used in Medical Psychology, -with the Symptoms, Pathology, and Treatment of the Recognized Forms of Mental Disorders. Two volumes. $10.00 WOOD, H. C. Brain and Overwork. .40 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY. Special Catalogue of Chemical Books sent free upon application. ALLEN. Commercial Organic Analysis. A Treatise on the Modes of Assaying the Various Organic Chemicals and Prod- ucts Employed in the Arts, Manufactures, Medicine, etc., with Concise Methods for the Detection of Impurities, Adul- terations, etc. 8vo. Vol. I. Alcohols, Neutral Alcoholic Derivatives, etc., Ethers, Vegetable' Acids, Starch, Sugars, etc. 3d Edition. $-1.50 Vol. II, Part I. Fixed Oils and Fats, Glycerol, Explosives, etc. 3d Edition. $3.50 Vol. II, Part II. Hydrocarbons, Mineral Oils, Lubricants, Benzenes, Naphthalenes and Derivatives, Creosote, Phenols, etc. 3d Edition. $3.50 Vol. II, Part III. Terpenes, Essential Oils, Resins, Camphors, etc. 3d Edition. Preparing. Vol. Ill, Part I. Tannins, Dyes, and Coloring Matters. 3d Edition, Enlarged and Rewritten. Illustrated. $4.50 Vol. Ill, Part II. The Amines. Hydrazines and Derivatives, Pyridine Bases. The Antipyretics, etc. Vegetable Alka- loids, Tea, Coffee, Cocoa, etc. 8vo. 2d Edition. $4.50 Vol. Ill, Part III. Vegetable Alkaloids, Non-Basic Vegetable Bitter Principles. Animal Bases, Animal Acids, Cyanogen Compounds, etc. 2d Edition, 8vo. $4.50 Vol. IV. The Proteids and Albuminous Principles. 2d Edition. $4.50 BAILEY AND CADY. Qualitative Chemical Analysis. $1.25 BARTLEY. Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. A Text- Book for Medical, Dental, and Pharmaceutical Students. With Illustrations, Glossary, and Complete Index. 5th Ed. $3.00 BARTLEY. Clinical Chemistry. The Examination of Feces, Saliva, Gastric Juice, Milk, and Urine. $1.00 BLOXAM. Chemistry, Inorganic and Organic. With Experi- ments. 9th Ed., Revised. 281 Engravings. Preparing. BUNGE. Physiologic and Pathologic Chemistry. From the Fourth German Enlarged Edition. $3.00 CALDWELL. Elements of Qualitative and Quantitative Chem- ical Analysis. 3d Edition, Revised. $1.00 CAMERON. Oils and Varnishes. With Illustrations. $2.25 Digitized by Microsoft® 10 SUBJECT CATALOGUE. CAMERON. Soap and Candles. 54 Illustrations. $2.00 CLOWES AND COLEMAN. Quantitative Analysis. 5th Edi- tion. 122 Illustrations. $3.50 COBLENTZ. Volumetric Analysis. Illustrated. 81.25 CONGDON. Laboratory Instructions in Chemistry. With Numerous Tables and 56 Illustrations. $1.00 GARDNER. The Brewer, Distiller, and Wine Manufacturer. Illustrated. $1.50 GRAY. Physics. Volume I. Dynamics and Properties of Matter. 350 Illustrations. $4.50 GROVES AND THORP. Chemical Technology. The Applica- tion of Chemistry to the Arts and Manufactures. Vol. I. Fuel and its Applications. 607 Illustrations and 4 Plates. Cloth, $5.00; i Mor., $6.50 Vol.11. Lighting. Illustrated. Cloth, $4.00 ; i Mor., $5.50 Vol. III. Gas Lighting. Cloth, $3.50 ; i Mor., $4.50 Vol. IV. Electric Lighting. Photometry. Cloth, $3.50; i Mor., $4.50 HEUSLER. The Chemistry of the Terpenes. $4.00 HOLLAND. The Urine, the Gastric Contents, the Common Poisons, and the Milk. Memoranda, Chemical and Micro- scopical, for Laboratory Use. 6th Ed. Illustrated. $1.00 LEFFMANN. Compend of Medical Chemistry, Inorganic and Organic. 4th Edition, Revised. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 LEFFMANN. Analysis of Milk and Milk Products. 2d Edition, Enlarged. Illustrated. $1.25 LEFFMANN. Water Analysis. For Sanitary and Technic Pur- poses. Illustrated. 4th Edition. $1.25 LEFFMANN. Structural Formulae. Including 180 Structural and Stereo-Chemical Formulae. 12mo. Interleaved. $1.00 LEFFMANN AND BEAM. Select Methods in Food Analysis. Illustrated. $2.50 MUTER. Practical and Analytical Chemistry. 2d American from the Eighth English Edition. Revised to meet the re- quirements of American Students. 56 Illustrations. $1.25 OETTEL. Exercises in Electro-Chemistry. Illustrated. .75 OETTEL. Electro-Chemical Experiments. Illustrated. .75 RICHTER. Inorganic Chemistry. 5th American from 10th German Edition. Authorized translation by Edgar F. Smith, m.a., ph.d. 89 Illustrations and a Colored Plate. $1.75 RICHTER. Organic Chemistry. 3d American Edition, trans- lated from the 8th German by Edgar F. Smith. Illus. 2 vols. Vol. I. Aliphatic Series. 625 pages. $3.00 Vol. II. Carbocyclic Series. 671 pages. $3.00 ROCKWOOD. Chemical Analysis for Students of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy. Illustrated. $1.50 SMITH. Electro-Chemical Analysis. 3d Ed. 39 Illus. $1.50 SMITH AND KELLER. Experiments. Arranged for Students in General Chemistry. 4th Edition. * Illustrated. .60 SUTTON. Volumetric Analysis. A Systematic Handbook for the Quantitative Estimation of Chemical Substances by Measure, Applied to Liquids, Solids, and Gases. 8th Edition, Revised. 112 Illustrations. $5.00 SYMONDS. Manual of Chemistry. 2d Edition. $2.00 TRAUBE. Physico-Chemical Methods. 97 Illustrations. $1.50 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 11 THRESH. Water and Water Supplies. 3d Edition. 82.00 ULZER AND FRAENKEL. Chemical Technical Analysis. Translated by Fleck. Illustrated. $1.25 WOODY. Essentials of Chemistry and Urinalysis. 4th Edition. Illustrated. $1.50 *** Special Catalogue of Books on Chemistry free upon application. CHILDREN. HATFIELD. Compend of Diseases of Children. With a Colored Plate. 3d Ed. Just Ready. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 IRELAND. The Mental Affections of Children. Idiocy, Im- becility, Insanity, etc. 2d Edition. $4.00 POWER. Surgical Diseases of Children and their Treatment by Modern Methods. Illustrated. $2.50 STARR. The Digestive Organs in Childhood. The Diseases of the Digestive Organs in Infancy and Childhood. 3d Edition, Rewritten and Enlarged. Illustrated. $3.00 STARR. Hygiene of the Nursery. Including the General Regi- men and Feeding of Infants and Children, and the Domestic Management of the Ordinary Emergencies of Early Life, Massage, etc. 6th Edition. 25 Illustrations. $1.00 SMITH. Wasting Diseases of Children. 6th Edition. $2.00 TAYLOR AND WELLS. The Diseases of Children. 2d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Illustrated. 8vo. $4.50 " It is well worthy the careful study of both student and prac- titioner, and can not fail to prove of great value to both. We do not hesitate to recommend it.'* — Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. DIAGNOSIS. BROWN. Medical Diagnosis. A Manual of Clinical Methods. 4th Edition. 112 Illustrations. Cloth, $2.25 DA COSTA. Clinical Hematology. A Practical Guide to Exam- ination of Blood, with Reference to Diagnosis. 6 Colored Plates, 48 other Illustrations. Cloth, $5.00; Sheep, $6.00 DOUGLAS. Surgical Diseases of Abdomen, with Reference to Diagnosis. 20 Plates. In Press. EMERY. Bacteriological Diagnosis. 2 Colored Plates and 32 other Illustrations. $1.50 MEMMINGER. Diagnosis by the Urine. 2d Ed. 24 Ulus. $1.00 PERSHING. Diagnosis of Nervous and Mental Diseases. Illustrated. S 1 - 25 STEELL. Physical Signs of Pulmonary Disease. $1.25 TYSON. Handbook of Physical Diagnosis. For Students and Physicians. By the Professor of Clinical Medicine in the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. Ulus. 4th Ed., Improved and En- larged. With 2 Coloredand 55 other Illustrations. $1.50 DENTISTRY. Special Catalogue of Dental Books sent free upon application. BARRETT. Dental Surgery for General Practitioners and Students of Medicine and Dentistry. Extraction of Teeth, etc. 3d Edition. Illustrated. $1-00 Digitized by Microsoft® 12 SUBJECT CATALOGUE. BROOMELL. Anatomy and Histology of the Human Mouth and Teeth. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 337 handsome Illustrations. Cloth, $4.50; Leather, $5.50 FILLEBROWN. Operative Dentistry. Illustrated. $2.25 GORGAS. Dental Medicine. A Manual of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. 7th Edition. Cloth, $4.00 ; Sheep,$5.00 GORGAS. Questions and Answers for the Dental Student. Embracing all the subjects in the Curriculum of the Dental Student. Octavo. $6.00 HARRIS. Principles and Practice of Dentistry. Including Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology, Therapeutics, Dental Sur- gery, and Mechanism. 13th Edition. Revised by F. J. S. Gokgas, m.d., d.d.s. 1250 Illus. Cloth, $6.00 ; Leather, $7.00 HARRIS. Dictionary of Dentistry. Including Definitions of Such Words and Phrases of the Collateral Sciences as Pertain to the Art and Practice of Dentistry. 6th Edition, Revised and Enlarged by Ferdinand J. S. Gorgas, m.d., d.d.s. Cloth, $5.00; Leather, $6.00 RICHARDSON. Mechanical Dentistry. 7th Edition. Thor- oughly Revised and Enlarged by Dr. Geo. W. Warren. 691 Illustrations. Cloth, $5.00; Leather, $6.00 SMITH. Dental Metallurgy. 2d Edition. Illustrated. $2.00 TAFT. Index of Dental Periodical Literature. $2.00 TOMES. Dental Anatomy. 263 Illustrations. 5th Ed. $4.00 TOMES. Dental Surgery. 4th Edition. 289 Illus. $4.00 WARREN. Compend of Dental Pathology and Dental Medicine. With a Chapter on Emergencies. 3d Edition. Illustrated. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 WARREN. Dental Prosthesis and Metallurgy. 129 Illus. $1.25 WHITE. The Mouth and Teeth. Illustrated. .40 DICTIONARIES. CYCLOPEDIAS. GOULD. The Illustrated Dictionary of Medicine, Biology, and Allied Sciences. Being an Exhaustive Lexicon of Medicine and those Sciences Collateral to it: Biology (Zoology and Botany), Chemistry, Dentistry, Pharmacology, Microscopy, etc., with many useful Tables and numerous fine Illustrations. 1633 pages. Fifth Edition. Sheep or Half Morocco. S10-00; with Thumb Index, $11.00 Half Russia, Thumb Index, $12.00 GOULD. The Medical Student's Dictionary, nth Edition. Il- lustrated. Including all the Words and Phrases generally used in Medicine, with their Proper Pronunciation and Definition, Based on Recent Medical Literature. With Table of Epo- nymic Terms and Tests and Tables of the Bacilli, Micrococci, Mineral Springs, etc., of the Arteries, Muscles, Nerves, Ganglia, Plexuses, etc. Eleventh Edition.'SjEnlarged and illustrated with a large number of Engravings. 840 pages. * r**s Half Morocco, $2.50; with Thumb Index, $3.00 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 13 GOULD. The Pocket Pronouncing Medical Lexicon. 4th Edi- tion. (30,000 Medical Words Pronounced and Defined.') Con- taining all the Words, their Definition and Pronunciation, that the Medical, Dental, or Pharmaceutical Student Gener- ally Comes in Contact with; also Elaborate Tables of Epo- nymic Terms, Arteries, Muscles, Nerves, Bacilli, etc., etc., a Dose List in both English and Metric Systems, etc., Arranged in a Most Convenient Form for Reference and Memorizing. Fourth Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 838 pages. Full Limp Leather, Gilt Edges, 81.00; Thumb Index, SI. 25 145,000 Copies of Gould's Dictionaries have been sold. GOULD AND PYLE. Cyclopedia of Practical Medicine and Surgery. Seventy-two Special Contributors. Illustrated. One Volume. A Concise Reference Handbook of Medicine, Sur- gery, Obstetrics, Materia Medica, Therapeutics, and the Vari- ous Specialties, with Particular Reference to Diagnosis and Treatment. Compiled under the Editorial Supervision of George M. Gould, m.d.. Author of "An Illustrated Dictionary of Medicine," etc.; and Walter L. Pyle, m.d., Assistant Surgeon Wills Eye Hospital ; formerly Editor ' ' International Medical Magazine," etc., and Seventy-two Special Contribu- tors. With many Illustrations. Large Square 8vo, to corre- spond with Gould's ' ' Illustrated Dictionary." Full Sheep or Half Mor., $10.00; with Thumb Index, $11.00 Half Russia, Thumb Index, $12.00 net. GOULD AND PYLE. Pocket Cyclopedia of Medicine and Sur- gery. Based upon above book and uniform in size with ' 'Gould's Pocket Dictionary." Full Limp Leather, Gilt Edges, $1.00 With Thumb Index, $1.25 HARRIS. Dictionary of Dentistry. Including Definitions of Such Words and Phrases of the Collateral Sciences as Pertain to the Art and Practice of Dentistry. 6th Edition, Revised and Enlarged by Ferdinand J. S. Gorgas, m.d., d.d.s. Cloth, $5.00; Leather, $6.00 LONGLEY. Pocket Medical Dictionary. Cloth, .75 MAXWELL. Terminologia Medica Polyglotta. By Dr. Theo- dore Maxwell, Assisted by Others. $3.00 The object of this work is to assist the medical men of any nationality in reading medical literature written in a language not their own. Each term is usually given in seven languages, viz. : English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian, and Latin. TREVES AND LANG. German-English Medical Dictionary. Half Calf, $3.25 DIET AND FOOD. ALLEN. Proteids and Albuminous Principles. An analytical Study of Food Products. 2d Edition. $4.50 BURNETT. Foods and Dietaries. A Manual of Clinical Diet- etics, with Diet Lists for Various Diseases, etc. 2d Ed. $1.50 DAVIS. Dietotherapy. Food in Health and Disease. With Tables of Dietaries, Relative Value of Foods, etc. See Cohen, Physiologic Therapeutics, page 17. GREENISH. Microscopical Examination of Foods and Drugs. Illustrated.. In, Press. HAIG. Diet and Food. Considered in Relation to Strength and Power of Endurance. 4th Edition. $1.00 LEFFMANN. Select Methods in Food Analysis. Illus. $2.50 Digitized by Microsoft® SUBJECT CATALOGUE. EAR (see also Throat and Nose). BURNETT. Hearing and How to Keep It. Illustrated. .40 HOVELL. Diseases of the Ear and Naso-Pharynx. Including Anatomy and Physiology of the Organ, together with the Treatment of the Affections of the Nose and Pharynx which Conduce to Aural Disease. 128 Illustrations. 2d Ed. $5.50 PRITCHARD. Diseases of the Ear. 4th Edition, Enlarged. Many Illustrations and Formulae. In Press. ELECTRICITY. BIGELOW. Plain Talks on Medical Electricity and Batteries. With a Therapeutic Index and a Glossary. 43 Illustrations. 2d Edition. SI. 00 HEDLEY. Therapeutic Electricity and Practical Muscle Testing. 99 Illustrations. S2.50 JACOBY. Electrotherapy. 2 volumes. Illustrated. See Cohen, Physiologic Therapeutics, page 17. JONES. Medical Electricity. 3d Edition. 117 Illus. $3.00 EYE. A Special Circular of Boohs on the Eye sent free upon application. DONDERS. The Nature and Consequences of Anomalies of Refraction. With Portrait and Illus. Half Morocco, $1.25 FICK. Diseases of the Eye and Ophthalmoscopy. Translated by A. B. Hale, m.d. 157 Illustrations, many of which are in colors, and a Glossary- Cloth, $4.50; Sheep, $5.50 GOULD AND PYLE. Compend of Diseases of the Eye and Re- fraction. Including Treatment and Operations, and a Section on Local Therapeutics. With Formulae, Useful Tables, a Glossary, and 111 Illus., several of which are in colors. 2d Edition, Revised. Cloth, .80; Interleaved, S1.00 GREEFF. The Microscopic Examination of the Eye. Illus- trated. 31.25 HARLAN. Eyesight, and How to Care for It. Illus. .40 HARTRIDGE. On the Ophthalmoscope. 4th Edition. With 4 Colored Plates and 68 Wood-cuts. S1.50 HARTRIDGE. Refraction. 104 Illustrations and Test Types. 11th Edition, Enlarged. $1.50 HANSELL AND SWEET. Treatise on Diseases of the Eye. With many Illus. drawn by special artists, etc. In Press. HANSELL AND REBER. Muscular Anomalies of the Eye. Illustrated. $1.50 HANSELL AND BELL. Clinical Ophthalmology. Colored Plate of Normal Fundus and 120 Illustrations. SI. 50 JENNINGS. Manual of Ophthalmoscopy. 95 Illustrations and 1 Colored Plate. $1.50 MORTON. Refraction of the Eye. Its Diagnosis and the Cor- rection of its Errors. 6th Edition. $1.00 OHLEMANN. Ocular Therapeutics. Authorized Translation, and Edited by Dr. Charles A. Oliver. SI. 75 PARSONS. Elementary Ophthalmic Optics. With Diagram- matic Illustrations. $2. 00 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 15 PHILLIPS. Spectacles and Eyeglasses. Their Prescription and Adjustment. 3d Edition. 52 Illustrations. $1.00 SWANZY. Diseases of the Eye and Their Treatment. 7th Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 164 Illustrations, 1 Plain Plate, and a Zephyr Test Card. $2.50 From The Medical News. "Swanzy has succeeded in producing the most intellectually conceived and thoroughly executed resume 1 of the science within the limits he has assigned himself. As a 'student's handbook,' small in size and of moderate price, it can hardly be equaled." THORINGTON. Retinoscopy. 4th Edition, Carefully Revised. Illustrated. $1.00 THORINGTON. Refraction and How to Refract. 200 Illustra- tions, 13 of which are colored. 2d Edition. $1.50 WALKER. Student's Aid in Ophthalmology. Colored Plate and 40 other Illustrations and a Glossary. $1.50 WRIGHT. Ophthalmology. 2d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 117 Illustrations and a Glossary. $3.00 FEVERS. GOODALL AND WASHBOTJRN. Fevers and Their Treatment. Illustrated. $3.00 GYNECOLOGY. BISHOP. Uterine Fibromyomata. Their Pathology, Diag- nosis, and Treatment. Illustrated. Cloth, $3.50 BYFORD (H. T.). Manual of Gynecology. 3d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 363 Illustrations. $3.00; Sheep, $3.50 DUHRSSEN. A Manual of Gynecological Practice. 105 Illus- trations. $1.50 FULLERTON. Surgical Nursing. 3d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 69 Illustrations. $1.00 LEWERS. Diseases of Women. 146 Illus. 5th Ed. $2.50 LEWERS. Cancer of the Uterus. Just Beady. $3.00 MONTGOMERY. Practical Gynecology. A Complete Sys- tematic Text-Book. 527 Illus. Cloth, $5.00; Leather, $6.00 ROBERTS. Gynecological Pathology. With 127 Full-page Plates containing 151 Figures. $6.00 WELLS. Compend of Gynecology. Illustrated. 3d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 HEART. THORNE. The Schott Methods of the Treatment of Chronic Heart Disease. Fourth Edition. Illustrated. $2.00 HISTOLOGY. CUSHING. Compend of Histology. By H. H. Cushing, m.d., Demonstrator of Histology, Jefferson Medical College, Phila- delphia. Illus. Nearly Beady. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 LAZARUS-BARLOW. Pathological Anatomy and Histology. Illustrated. * 6 - 50 Digitized by Microsoft® 16 SUBJECT CATALOGUE. STIRLING. Outlines of Practical Histology. 368 Illustrations. 2d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. With new Illus. $2.00 STOHR. Histology and Microscopical Anatomy. Edite.d by A. Schaper, m.d., University of Breslau, formerly Demon- strator of Histology, Harvard Medical School. Fourth Arner- ican from 9th German Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 379 Illustrations. S3. 00 HYGIENE. Special Catalogue of Books or. Hygiene sent free upon application. CANFIELD. Hygiene of the Sick-Room. A Book for Nurses and Others. Being a Brief Consideration of Asepsis, Anti- sepsis, Disinfection, Bacteriology, Immunity, Heating, Venti- lation, etc. SI. 25 CONN. Agricultural Bacteriology. Illustrated. $2.50 CONN. Bacteriology of Milk and Milk Products. Illus. $1.25 COPLIN. Practical Hygiene. A Complete American Text- Book. 138 Illustrations. New Edition. Preparing. HARTSHORNE. Our Homes. Illustrated. .40 KENWOOD. Public Health Laboratory Work. 116 Illustra- tions and 3 Plates. §2.00 LEFFMANN. Select Methods in Food Analysis. 53 Illustra- tions and 4 Plates. $2.50 LEFFMANN. Examination of Water for Sanitary and Technical Purposes. 4th Edition. Illustrated. $1.25 LEFFMANN. Analysis of Milk and Milk Products. Illustrated. Second Edition. $1 .25 LINCOLN. School and Industrial Hygiene. .40 McFARLAND. Prophylaxis and Personal Hygiene. Care of the Sick. See Cohen., Physiologic Therapeutics, page 17. NOTTER. The Theory and Practice of Hygiene. 15 Plates and 138 other Illustrations. 8vo. 2d Edition. 87.00 PARKES AND KENWOOD. Hygiene and Public Health. 2d Edition, Enlarged. Illustrated. 83.00 ROSENAU. Disinfection and Disinfectants. Illus. $2.00 STARR. The Hygiene of the Nursery. Including the General Regimen and Feeding of Infants and Children, and the Domes- tic Management of the Ordinary Emergencies of Early Life, Massage, etc. 6th Edition. 25 Illustrations. $1.00 STEVENSON AND MURPHY. A Treatise on Hygiene. By Various Authors. In three octavo volumes. Illustrated. Vol. I, $6.00;. Vol. II, $6.00; Vol. Ill, $5.00 THRESH. Water and Water Supplies. 3d Edition. $2.00 WILSON. Handbook of Hygiene and Sanitary Science. With Illustrations. 8th Edition. $3.00 WEYL. Sanitary Relations of the Coal- Tar Colors. Authorized Translation by Henry Leffmann, m.d., ph.d. $1.25 LUNGS AND PLEURA. KNOPF. Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Its Modern Prophylaxis and Treatment in Special Institutions and at Home. Illus. $3.00 STEELL. Physical Signs of Pulmonary Disease. Illus. $1.25 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 17 MASSAGE. PHYSICAL EXERCISE. OSTROM. Massage and the Original Swedish Movements. Their Application to Various Diseases of the Body. A Manual for Students, Nurses, and Physicians. Fifth Edition, En- larged. 115 Illustrations, many of which are original. $1.00 MITCHELL AND GULICK. Mechanotherapy. Physical Edu- cation, etc. Illustrated. See Cohen, Physiologic Therapeu- tics, below. TREVES. Physical Education. Its Value, Methods, etc. .75 MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS. BRACKEN. Outlines of Materia Medioa and Pharmacology. $2.75 COBLENTZ. The Newer Remedies. Including their Synonyms, Sources, Methods of Preparation, Tests, Solubilities, Doses, etc. 3d Edition, Enlarged and Revised. $1.00 COHEN. Physiologic Therapeutics. Methods other than Drug- Giving useful in the Prevention of Disease and in the Treat- ment of the Sick. Mechanotherapy, Mental Therapeutics, Suggestion, Electrotherapy, Climatology, Hydrotherapy, Pneumatotherapy, Prophylaxis, Dietetics, Organotherapy, Phototherapy, Mineral Waters, Baths, etc. 11 volumes, 8vo. Illustrated. (Subscription.) Cloth, $27.50; }Mor., $38.50 Special Descriptive Circular will be sent upon application. GORGAS. Dental Medicine. A Manual of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. 7th Edition, Revised. $4.00 GROFF._ Materia Medica for Nurses, with Questions for Self- Examination. 2d Edition, Revised and Improved. Just Beady. $1.25 HELLER. Essentials of Materia Medica, Pharmacy, and Pre- scription Writing. $1.50 MAYS. Theine in the Treatment of Neuralgia. \ bound. .50 POTTER. Handbook of Materia Medica, Pharmacy, and Thera- peutics, including the Action of Medicines, Special Therapeu- tics, Pharmacology, etc., including over 600 Prescriptions and Formulae. 9th Edition, Revised and Enlarged. With Thumb Index in each copy. Just Ready. Cloth, $5.00 ; Sheep, $6.00 "In conclusion we may add that Dr. Potter's Therapeutics covers a wider field than many books which bear this title. He discusses a good many drugs which are rarely employed, and therefore the book is as useful to one who wishes to look for un- usual information as it is to him who wishes a handbook for ready reference in the treatment of disease as he meets it from day to day." — Therapeutic Gazette. POTTER. Compend of Materia Medica, Therapeutics, and Pre- scription Writing, with Special Reference to the Physiological Action of Drugs. 6th Edition. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 MURRAY. Rough Notes on Remedies. 4th Edition. $1.25 SAYRE. Organic Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy. An Introduction to the Study of the Vegetable Kingdom and the Vegetable and Animal Drugs. Comprising the Botanical and Physical Characteristics, Source, Constituents, and Pharma- copeial Preparations, Insects Injurious to Drugs,_ and Pharma- cal Botany. **With sections on Histology and Microtechnique, byJW. C. Stevens. 374 Illustrations, many of which are original. j&2d Edition. Cloth, $4.50 Digitized by Microsoft® 18 SUBJECT CATALOGUE. TAVERA. Medicinal Plants of the Philippines. $2.00 WHITE AND WILCOX. Materia Medica, Pharmacy, Pharma- cology, and Therapeutics. 5th American Edition, Revised by Reynold W. Wilcox, m.a., m.d., ll.d., Professor of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School. Cloth, 83.00 ; Leather, $3.50 "The care with which Dr. Wilcox has performed his work is conspicuous on every page, and it isevident that no recent drug possessing any merit has escaped his eye. We believe, on the whole, this is the best book on Materia Medica and Therapeutics to place in the hands of students, and the practitioner will find it a most satisfactory work for daily use." — The Cleveland Medical Gazette. MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE AND TOXICOLOGY. REESE. Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology. A Text-Book for Medical and Legal Practitioners and Students. 6th Edition. Revised by HenryJLeffmann. m.d. Cloth, $3.00; Leather, $3.50 "To the student of medical jurisprudence and toxicology it is invaluable, as it is concise, clear, and thorough in every respect." — The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. MANN. Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. Illus. $6.50 TANNER. Memoranda of Poisons. Their Antidotes and Tests. 9th Edition, by Dr. Henry Lbffmann. Just Ready. .75 MICROSCOPY. CARPENTER. The Microscope and Its Revelations. 8th Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 817 Illustrations and 23 Plates. Cloth, $8.00; Half Morocco, $9.00 GREENISH. Microscopical Examination of Foods and Drugs. Illustrated. In Press. LEE. The Microtomist's Vade Mecum. A Handbook of Methods of Microscopical Anatomy. 887 Articles. 5th Edition, Enlarged. $4.00 OERTEL. Medical Microscopy. A Guide to Diagnosis, Ele- mentary Laboratory Methods and Microscopic Technic. 131 Illustrations. Just Beady. $2.00 REEVES. Medical Microscopy, including Chapters on Bacteri- ology, Neoplasms, Urinary Examination, etc. Numerous Illustrations, some of which are printed in colors. $2.50 WETHERED. Medical Microscopy. A Guide to the Use of the Microscope in Practical Medicine. 100 Illustrations. $2.00 MISCELLANEOUS. BERRY. Diseases of Thyroid Gland. Illustrated. $4.00 BUXTON. Anesthetics. Illustrated. 3d Edition. $1.50 COHEN. Organotherapy. See Cohen, Physiologic Therapeutics, page 17. FRENKEL. Tabetic Ataxia. Illustrated. $3.00 GOULD. Borderland Studies. Miscellaneous Addresses and 12mo. $2.00 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 19 GOULD. Biographic Clinics. The Origin of the Ill-Health of DeQuincy, Carlyle, Darwin, Huxley, and Browning. Just Ready. $1.00 GREENE. Medical Examination for Life Insurance. Illus. With colored and other Engravings. 2d Edition. In Press. HAIG. Causation of Disease by Uric Acid. The Pathology of High Arterial Tension, Headache, Epilepsy, Gout, Rheuma- tism, Diabetes, Bright's Disease, etc. 5th Edition. $3.00 HENRY. A Practical Treatise on Anemia. Half Cloth, .50 NEW SYDENHAM SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS. Circulars upon application. Per Annum, $8.00 OSGOOD. The Winter and Its Dangers. .40 PACKARD. Sea Air and Sea Bathing. .40 RICHARDSON. Long Life and How to Reach It. .40 SCHEUBE. Diseases of Warm Countries. Illustrated. Just Beady. $8.00 TISSIER. Pneumatotherapy. See Cohen, Physiologic Thera- peutics, page 17. TURNBULL. Artificial Anesthesia. 4th Ed. Illus. $2.50 WEBER AND HLNSDALE. Climatology and Health Resorts. Including Mineral Springs. 2 vols. Illustrated with Colored Maps. See Cohen, Physiologic Therapeutics, page 17. WILSON. The Summer and Its Diseases. .40 WINTERNITZ. Hydrotherapy, Thermotherapy, Phototherapy, Mineral Waters, Baths, etc. Illustrated. See Cohen, Physio- logic Therapeutics, page 17. NERVOUS DISEASES. DERCUM. Rest, Suggestion, Mental Therapeutics. See Cohen, Physiologic Therapeutics, page 17. GORDINIER. The Gross and Minute Anatomy of the Central Nervous System. With 271 original colored and other Illus- trations. Cloth, $6.00 ; Sheep, $7.00 GOWERS. Syphilis and the Nervous System. $1.00 GOWERS. Manual of Diseases of the Nervous System. A Complete Text-Book. Revised, Enlarged, and in many parts Rewritten. With many new Illustrations. Two volumes. Vol. I. Diseases of the Nerves and Spinal Cord. 3d Edition, Enlarged. Cloth, $4.00; Sheep, $5.00 Vol. II. Diseases of the Brain and Cranial Nerves ; General and Functional Disease. 2d Ed. Cloth, $4.00; Sheep, $5.00 GOWERS. Epilepsy and Other Chronic Convulsive Diseases. 2d Edition. $3.00 HORSLEY. The Brain and Spinal Cord, the Structure and Functions of. Numerous Illustrations. $2.50 ORMEROD. Diseases of the Nervous System. 66 Wood En- gravings. $1.00 PERSHING. Diagnosis of Nervous and Mental Diseases. Illus- trated. $1.25 PRESTON. Hysteria and Certain Allied Conditions. Their Nature and Treatment. Illustrated. $2.00 WOOD. Brain Work and Overwork. .40 Digitized by Microsoft® 20 SUBJECT CATALOGUE. NURSING (see also Massage). Special Catalogue of Books for Nurses sent free upon application. CANFIELD. Hygiene of the Sick-Room. A Book for Nurses and Others. Being a Brief Consideration of Asepsis, Anti- sepsis, Disinfection, Bacteriology, Immunity, Heating and Ventilation, and Kindred Subjects for the Use of Nurses and Other Intelligent Women. SI. 25 CUFF. Lectures to Nurses on Medicine. 3d Edition. $1.25 DAVIS. Bandaging. Its Principles and Practice. 163 Original Illustrations. $1.50 DOMVILLE. Manual for Nurses and Others Engaged in At- tending the Sick. 9th Edition. With Recipes for Sick-room Cookery, etc. In Press. FULLERTON. Obstetric Nursing. 5th Ed. 41 Illus. $1.00 FULLERTON. Surgical Nursing. 3d Ed. 69 Illus. $1.00 GROFF. Materia Medica for Nurses. With Questions for Self- Examination. 2d Edition, Revised and Improved. Just Ready. $1.25 HADLEY. General, Medical, and Surgical Nursing. A very Complete Manual, Including Sick-room Cookery. $1.25 HUMPHREY. A Manual for Nurses. Including General Anatomy and Physiology, Management of the Sick-room, etc. 24th Edition. 79 Illustrations. $1.00 STARR. The Hygiene of the Nursery. Including the General Regimen and Feeding of Infants and Children, and the Domes- tic Management of the Ordinary Emergencies of Early Life, Massage, etc. 6th Edition. 25 Illustrations. $1.00 TEMPERATURE AND CLINICAL CHARTS. See page 25. VOSWINKEL. Surgical Nursing. Second Edition, Enlarged. 112 Illustrations. $1.00 OBSTETRICS. CAZEAUX AND TARNIER. Midwifery. With Appendix by MuNDis. The Theory and Practice of Obstetrics, including the Diseases of Pregnancy and Parturition, Obstetrical Operations, etc. 8th Edition. Illustrated by colored and other full-page Plates, and numerous Wood Engravings. Cloth, $4.50; Full Leather, $5.50 EDGAR. Text-Book of Obstetrics. By J. Clifton Edgar, m.d., Professor of Obstetrics, Medical Department of Cornell University, New York City. Elaborately Illustrated. Nearly Ready. FULIERTON. Obstetric Nursing. 5th Ed. Illus. $1.00 LANDIS. Compend of Obstetrics. 7th Edition, Revised by Wm. H. Wells, m.d., Demonstrator of Clinical Obstetrics, Jefferson Medical College. 52 Illustrations. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 WINCKEL. Text-Book of Obstetrics, Including the Pathology and Therapeutics of the Puerperal State. Illustrated. $5.00 PATHOLOGY. BLACK. Micro-Organisms. The Formation of Poisons. .75 BLACKBURN. Autopsies. A Manual of Autopsies Designed for the Use of Hospitals for the Insane and other Public Insti- tutions. Ten full-page Plates and other Illustrations. $1.25 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 21 COPLIN. Manual of Pathology. Including Bacteriology, Tech- mc of Post-Mortems, Methods of Pathologic Research, etc. 330 Illustrations, 7 Colored Plates. 3d Edition. $3.50 DA COSTA. Clinical Hematology. A Practical Guide to the Examination of the Blood. Six Colored Plates and 48 Illus- trations. Cloth, $5.00 ; Sheep, $6.00 LAZARUS-BARLOW. Pathological Anatomy. With 7 Colored Plates and 171 other Illustrations. $6.50 MacLEOD. The Pathology of the Skin. Colored and other Illustrations. Just Ready. $5.00 ROBERTS. Gynecological Pathology. Illustrated. $6.00 THAYER. Compend of General Pathology. Illustrated. .80; Interleaved, J1.00 THAYER. Compend of Special Pathology. Illustrated. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 VIRCHOW. Post-Mortem Examinations. 3d Edition. .75 WBTTACRE. Laboratory Text-Book of Pathology. With 121 Illustrations. $1.50 PHARMACY. Special Catalogue of Books on Pharmacy sent free upon application. COBLENTZ. Manual of Pharmacy. A Complete Text-Book by the Professor in the New York College of Pharmacy. 2d Ed., Revised and Enlarged. 437 Illus. Cloth, $3.50 ; Sheep, $4.50 COBLENTZ. Volumetric Analysis. Illustrated. $1.25 BEASLEY. Book of 3100 Prescriptions. Collected from the Practice of the Most Eminent Physicians and Surgeons — Eng- lish, French, and American. A Compendious History of the Materia Medica, Lists of the Doses of all the Officinal and Es- tablished Preparations, an Index of Diseases and their Reme- dies. 7th Edition. $2.00 BEASLEY. Druggists* General Receipt Book. Comprising a Copious Veterinary Formulary, Recipes in Patent and Pro- prietary Medicines, Druggists' Nostrums, etc. ; Perfumery and Cosmetics, Beverages, Dietetic Articles and Condiments, Trade Chemicals, Scientific Processes, and many Useful Tables. 10th Edition. $2.00 BEASLEY. Pharmaceutical Formulary. A Synopsis of the British, French, German, and United States Pharmacopoeias. Comprising Standard and Approved Formulae for the Prepara- tions and Compounds Employed in Medicine. 12th Ed. $2.00 GREENISH. Microscopical Examination of Foods and Drugs. Illustrated. In Press. PROCTOR. Practical Pharmacy. 3d Edition, with Illustrations and Elaborate Tables of Chemical Solubilities, etc. $3.00 ROBDiTSON. Latin Grammar of Pharmacy and Medicine. 3d Edition. With elaborate Vocabularies. $1.75 SAYRE. Organic Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy. An Introduction to the Study of the Vegetable Kingdom and the Vegetable and Animal Drugs. Comprising the Botanical and Physical Characteristics, Source, Constituents, and Pharma- copeia! Preparations, Insects Injurious to Drugs, and Phar- macal Botany. With sections on Histology and Microtech- nique, by W. C. Stevens. 374 Illustrations. Second Edition. Cloth, $4.50 Digitized by Microsoft® 22 SUBJECT CATALOGUE. SCOVILLE. The Art of Compounding. Second Edition, Re- vised and Enlarged. , Cloth, $2.50 STEWART. Compend of Pharmacy. Based upon "Reming- ton's Text-Book of Pharmacy." Sth Edition, Revised in Accordance with the U. S. Pharmacopoeia, 1890. Complete Tables of Metric and English Weights and Measures. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 TAVERA. Medicinal Plants of the Philippines. $2.00 UNITED STATES PHARMACOPCEIA. 7th Decennial Revision. Cloth, $2.50 (postpaid, $2.77) ; Sheep, $3.00 (postpaid, $3.27) ; Interleaved, $4.00 (postpaid, $4.50) ; Printed on one side of page only, unbound, $3.50 (postpaid, $3.90). Select Tables from the U. S. P. Being Nine of the Most Impor- tant and Useful Tables, Printed on Separate Sheets. .25 POTTER. Handbook of Materia Medica, Pharmacy, and Thera- peutics. 600 Prescriptions. 9th Edition. Cloth, $5.00 ; Sheep, $6.00 PHYSIOLOGY. BIRCH. Practical Physiology. An Elementary Class Book. 62 Illustrations. $1.75 BRUBAKER. Compend of Physiology. 11th Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Illus. Just Ready. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 JONES. Outlines of Physiology. 96 Illustrations. $1.50 KIRKES. Handbook of Physiology. 17th Authorized Edition. Revised, Rearranged, and Enlarged. By Prop. W. D. Halli- burton, of Kings College, London. 681 Illustrations, some of which are in colors. Cloth, $3.00 ; Leather, $3.75 LANDOIS. A Text-Book of Human Physiology. Including Histology and Microscopical Anatomy, with Special Reference to the Requirements of Practical Medicine. 5th American, translated from the last German Edition, with Additions by Wm. Stirling, m.d., d.sc. 845 Illus., many of which are printed in colors. In Press. STARLING. Elements of Human Physiology. 100 Illus. $1.00 STIRLING. Outlines of Practical Physiology. Including Chem- ical and Experimental Physiology, with Special Reference to Practical Medicine. 3d Edition. 289 Illustrations. $2.00 TYSON. Cell Doctrine. Its History and Present State. $1.50 PRACTICE. . BEALE. On Slight Ailments : their Nature and Treatment. 2d Edition, Enlarged and Illustrated. $1.25 COHEN. Physiologic Therapeutics. The Treatment of Disease by Methods other than Drug-giving. See -page 17. FAGGE. Practice of Medicine. 4th Edition, by P. H. Pye- Smith, -m.d. 2 volumes. Vol. I, $6.00; Vol. II, $6.00 FOWLER. Dictionary of Practical Medicine. By various " i of Medicine. Cloth, $3.00; Half Morocco, $4.00 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 23 GOULD AND PYLE. Cyclopedia of practical Medicine and Surgery. A Concise Reference Handbook, with particular Reference to Diagnosis and Treatment. Edited by Drs. Gould and Pyle, Assisted by 72 Special Contributors. Illus- trated, one volume. Large Square Octavo, Uniform with "Gould's Illustrated Dictionary." Sheep or Half Mor., $10.00; with Thumb Index, $11.00 Half Russia, Thumb Index, $12.00 Jteg* Complete descriptive circular free upon application, GOULD AND PYLE'S Pocket Cyclopedia of Medicine and Sur- gery. Based upon the above and Uniform with "Gould's Pocket Dictionary." Full Limp Leather, Gilt Edges, Round Corners, $1.00; with Thumb Index, $1.25. HUGHES. Compend of the Practice of Medicine. 6th Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Part I. Continued, Eruptive, and Periodical Fevers, Diseases of the Stomach, Intestines, Peritoneum, Biliary Passages, Liver, Kidneys, etc., and General Diseases, etc. Part II. Diseases of the Respiratory System, Circulatory System, and Nervous System; Diseases of the Blood, etc. Price of each part, .80; Interleaved, $1.00 Physician's Edition. In one volume, including the above two parts, a Section on Skin Diseases, and an Index. 6th Re- vised Edition. 625 pp. Full Morocco, Gilt Edge, $2.25 TAYLOR. Practice of Medicine. 6th Edition. $4.00 TYSON. The Practice of Medicine. By James Tyson, m.d., Professor of Medicine in the University of Pennsylvania. A Complete Systematic Text-book, with Special Reference to Diagnosis and Treatment. 2d Edition, Enlarged and Revised. Colored Plates and 125 other Illustrations. 1222 pages. Cloth, $5.50 ; Leather, $6.50 STOMACH. INTESTINES. FENWICK. Cancer of the Stomach. Just Beady. $3.00 HEMMETER. Diseases of the Stomach. Their Special Pathol- ogy, Diagnosis, and Treatment. With Sections on Anatomy, Analysis of Stomach Contents, Dietetics, Surgery of the Stom- ach, etc. 3d Edition, Revised. With 15 Plates and 41 other Illustrations, a number of which are in colors. Cloth, $6.00; Sheep, $7.00 HEMMETER. Diseases of the Intestines. Their Special Path- ology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. With Sections on Anatomy and Physiology, Microscopic and Chemic Examination of In- testinal Contents, Secretions, Feces and Urine, Intestinal Bacteria and Parasites, Surgery of the Intestines, Dietetics, Diseases of the Rectum, etc. With Full-page Colored Plates and many other Original Illustrations. 2 volumes. Octavo. Price of each volume, Cloth, S5.00 ; Sheep, $6.00 SKIN. BULKLEY. The Skin in Health and Disease. Illustrated. .40 CROCKER. Diseases of the Skin. Their Description, Pathol- ogy, Diagnosis, and Treatment, with Special Reference to the Skin Eruptions of Children. 3d Edition, Thoroughly Revised. With New IUus. Just Ready. Cloth, $5.00; Sheep, $6.00 MacLEOD. The Pathology of the Skin. Colored and other Illustrations. Just Beady. $5.00 Digitized by Microsoft® 24 SUBJECT CATALOGUE. SCHAMBERG. Diseases of the Skin. 3d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 106 Illustrations. Being No. 16 ? Quiz-Compend? Series. Cloth, .80; Interleaved, $1.00 VAN HARLINGEN. On Skin Diseases. A Practical Manual of Diagnosis and Treatment, with Special Reference to Differ- ential Diagnosis. 3d Edition, Revised and Enlarged. With Formulas and 60 Illustrations, some of which are printed in colors. $2.75 SURGERY AND SURGICAL DISEASES (see also Urinary Organs). BERRY. Diseases of the Thyroid Gland. Illustrated. $4.00 BUTLIN. Operative Surgery of Malignant Disease. 2d Edi- tion. Illustrated. Octavo. $4.50 CASPER AND RICHTER. Functional Kidney Diagnosis. $1.50 DAVIS. Bandaging. Its Principles and Practice. 163 Original Illustrations. $1.50 DEAVER. Surgical Anatomy. A Treatise on Human Anatomy in its Application to Medicine and Surgery. With about 500 very handsome full-page Illustrations Engraved from Original Drawings made by special Artists from Dissections prepared for the purpose. Three volumes. Royal Square Octavo. By Subscription only. Now Ready. Half Morocco or Sheep, $24.00; Half Russia, $27.00 DEAVER. Appendicitis : its Symptoms, Diagnosis, Pathology, Treatment, and Complications. Elaborately Illustrated with Colored Plates and other Illus. 3d Edition. Preparing. DOUGLAS. Surgical Diseases of the Abdomen. Illustrated by 20 Full-page Plates. In Press. DULLES. What to do First in Accidents and Poisoning. 5th Edition. New Illustrations. $1.00 FULLERTON. Surgical Nursing. 3d Ed. 69 Illus. 81.00 HAMILTON. Lectures on Tumors. 3d Edition. $1.25 HEATH. Minor Surgery and. Bandaging. 12th Edition, Re- vised and Enlarged. 195 Illus., Formulas, Diet List, etc. $1.50 HEATH. Clinical Lectures on Surgical Subjects. Second Series. $2.00 HORWITZ. Compend of Surgery and Bandaging. Including Minor Surgery, Amputations, Fractures, Dislocations, Surgical Diseases, etc., with Differential Diagnosis and Treatment. 5th Edition, very much Enlarged and Rearranged. 167 Illus., 9S Formulae. Cloth, .80; Interleaved, $1.00 JACOBSON. Operations of Surgery. 4th Ed., Enlarged. 550 Illus. Two volumes. Clo'th, $10.00; Leather, $12.00 KEAY. Medical Treatment of Gall-Stones. $1.25 KEHR. Gall-stone Disease. Translated by William Wotktns Seymour, m.d. $2.50 MAKINS. Surgical Experiences in South Africa. 1899-1900. Illustrated. $4.00 MAYLARD. Surgery of the Alimentary Canal. 97 Illustrations. 2d Edition, Revised. $3.00 Digitized by Microsoft® MEDICAL BOOKS. 25 MOULLIN. Text-Book of Surgery. With Special Reference to Treatment. 3d American Edition. Revised and edited by John B. Hamilton, m.d., ll.d., Professor of the Principles of Surgery and Clinical Surgery, Rush Medical College, Chicago. 623 Illustrations, many of which are printed in colors. Cloth, $6.00 ; Leather, S7.00 SMITH. Abdominal Surgery. Being a Systematic Description of all the Principal Operations. 224 Illustrations. 6th Edi- tion. 2 volumes. Cloth, $10.00 VOSWINKEL. Surgical Nursing. Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. Ill Illustrations. $1.00 WALSHAM. Manual of Practical Surgery. 7th Ed., Revised and Enlarged. 483 Engravings. 950 pages. $3.50 TEMPERATURE CHARTS, ETC. GRIFFITH. Graphic Clinical Chart for Recording Tempera- ture, Respiration, Pulse, Day of Disease, Date, Age, Sex, Occu- pation, Name, etc. Printed in three colors. Sample copies free. Put up in loose packages of fifty, 50 cts. Price to Hospitals, 500 copies, $4.00; 1000 copies, $7.50. KEEN'S Clinical Charts. Seven Outline Drawings of the Body, on which may be marked the Course of Disease, Fractures, Operations, etc. Each Drawing may be had separately, twenty-five to pad, 25 cents. SCHREINER. Diet Lists. Arranged in the form of a chart. With Pamphlets of Specimen Dietaries. Pads of 50. .75 THROAT AND NOSE (see also Ear). COHEN. The Throat and Voice. Illustrated. .40 HALL. Diseases of the Nose and Throat. 2d Editipn, Enlarged. Two Colored Plates and 80 Illustrations. $2.75 HOLLOPETER. Hay Fever. Its Successful Treatment. $1.00 KNIGHT. Diseases of the Throat. A Manual for Students. Illustrated. Nearly Ready. KYLE (J. J.). Diseases of the Ear, Nose, and Throat. A Com- pend for Students. Illustrated. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 McBRIDE. Diseases of the Throat, Nose, and Ear. "With Col- ored Illustrations from Original Drawings. 3d Ed. $7.00 POTTER. Speech and its Defects. Considered Physiologically, Pathologically, and Remedially. $1.00 URINE AND URINARY ORGANS. ACTON. The Functions and Disorders of the Reproductive Organs in Childhood, Youth, Adult Age, and Advanced Life, Considered in their Physiological, Social, and Moral Relations. 8th Edition. $1.75 CASPER AND RICHTER. Functional Kidney Diagnosis. $1.50 HOLLAND. The Urine, the Gastric Contents, the Common Poisons, and the Milk. Memoranda, Chemical and Micro- scopical, for Laboratory Use. Illustrated and Interleaved. 6th Edition. $1.00 KLEEN. Diabetes and Glycosuria. $2.50 Digitized by Microsoft® 26. SUBJECT CATALOGUE. MEMMINGER. Diagnosis by the Urine. 2d Edition. 24 Illus- trations. $1.00 MORRIS. Renal Surgery, with Special Reference to Stone in the Kidney and Ureter and to the Surgical Treatment of Calculous Anuria. Illustrated. $2.00 MOULLIN. Enlargement of the Prostate. Its Treatment and Radical Cure. 2d Edition. Illustrated. 81.75 MOULLIN. Inflammation of the Bladder and Urinary Fever. Octavo. $1.50 SCOTT. The Urine. Its Clinical and Microscopical Examina- tion. 41 Lithographic Plates and other Illustrations. Quarto. Cloth, $5.00 TYSON. Guide to Examination of the Urine. For the Use of Physicians and Students. With Colored Plate and Numerous Illustrations engraved on wood. 10th Edition, Revised, En- larged, and partly Rewritten. With New Illustrations. Just Ready. $1.50 VAN NUYS. Chemical Analysis of Urine. 39 UIus. $1.00 VENEREAL DISEASES. GOWERS. Syphilis and the Nervous System. $1.00 STURGIS AND CABOT. Student's Manual of Venereal Diseases. 7th Revised and Enlarged Edition. 12mo. $1.25 VETERINARY. BALLOU. Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology. 29 Graphic Illustrations. .80; Interleaved, $1.00 JAC0BS0N. The Operations of Surgery. By W. H. A. Jacobson, f.r.c.s., Surgeon to Guy's Hospital; Consulting Surgeon Royal Hospital for Children and Women ; and F. J. Steward, f.r.c.s., Assistant Surgeon Guy's Hospital. Fourth Edition — Revised, Enlarged, and Improved. 550 Illustrations. Two Volumes, Octavo, 1524 pages. Cloth, $10.00; Sheep, $12.00 " The important anatomical points are clearly set forth, the conditions indicating or contraindicating operative interference are given, the details of the operations themselves are brought forward prominently, and frequently the after-treatment is considered. Herein is one of the strong points of the book." — New York Medical Journal. Digitized by Microsoft® "We know of no series of books issued by any house that so fully meets our approval as these ? Quiz-Compends?. They are well arranged, full and concise, and are really the best line of text-books that could be found for either student or practitioner." — Southern Clinic. BLAKISTON'S?0mZ-COMPENDS? The Best Series of Manuals for the Use of Students. Price of each, Cloth, .80. Interleaved, for taking Notes, $1.00 These Compends are based on the most popular text-books and the lectures of prominent professors, and are kept constantly revised, so that they may thoroughly represent the present state of the subjects upon which they treat. The authors have had large experience as Quiz-Masters and attaches of colleges, and are well acquainted with the wants of students. They are arranged in the most approved form, thorough and concise, containing nearly 1000 illustrations and lithograph plates, inserted wherever they could be used to advantage. Can be used by students of any college. They contain information nowhere else collected in such a condensed, practical shape. No. 1. POTTER. HUMAN ANATOMY. Sixth Edition. 117 Illustrations and 16 Plates of Nerves and Arteries. No. 2. HUGHES. PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Part I. Sixth Edition, Enlarged and Improved. No. 3. HUGHES. PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. Part II. Sixth Edition, Revised and Improved. No. 4- BRUBAKER. PHYSIOLOGY. Eleventh Edition. Illus. No. 5- LANDIS. OBSTETRICS. Seventh Edition. 52 Illus. No. 6. POTTER. MATERIA MEDICA, THERAPEUTICS, AND PRESCRIPTION WRITING. Sixth Revised Edition. No. 7. WELLS. GYNECOLOGY. Third Edition. 140 Illus. No. 8. GOULD AND PYLE. DISEASES OF THE EYE. Second Edition. Refraction, Treatment, Surgery, etc. 109 Illus. No. 9. HORWITZ. SURGERY. Including Minor Surgery, Bandaging, Surgical Diseases, Differential Diagnosis and Treatment. Fifth Edition. With 98 Formula and 71 Illus- trations. No. 10. LEFFMANN. MEDICAL CHEMISTRY. Fourth Edi- tion. Including Urinalysis, Animal Chemistry, Chemistry of Milk, Blood, Tissues, the Secretions, etc. No. 11. STEWART. PHARMACY. Fifth Edition. Based upon Prof. Remington's Text-Book of Pharmacy. No. 12. BALLOU. VETERINARY ANATOMY AND PHYSI- OLOGY. 29 graphic Illustrations. No. 13. WARREN. DENTAL PATHOLOGY AND DENTAL MEDICINE. Third Edition, Illustrated. No. 14. HATFIELD.. DISEASES OF CHILDREN. 3d Edition. No. 15. THAYER. GENERAL PATHOLOGY. 78 Illus. No. 16. SCHAMBERG. DISEASES OF THE SKIN. Third Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 106 Illustrations. No. 17. CUSHING. HISTOLOGY. Illustrated. In Press. No. 18. THAYER. SPECIAL PATHOLOGY. 34 Illustrations. No. 19. KYLE. DISEASES OF THE EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT. Illustrated. In Press. 27 Digitized by Microsoft® DA COSTA Clinical Hematology A Practical Guide to the Examination of the Blood by Clinical Methods. With Reference to the Diagnosis of Disease. With Colored Illustrations. Cloth, $5.00 * s * A new, thorough, systematic, and comprehensive work, its purpose being, first, to show how to examine the blood, and second, how to diagnose from such examination diseases of the blood itself and general diseases. The author's aim has been to cover not alone the field of original research, but to supply a book for the student, the hospital physician and the general practitioner. It will be found wanting in none of these respects. OERTEL Medical Microscopy JUST READY A GUIDE TO DIAGNOSIS, ELEMEN- TARY LABORATORY METHODS, AND MICROSCOPIC TECHNIC By T. E. Oertel, M.D., Professor of Pathology and Clinical Microscopy, Medical Depart- ment, University of Georgia. WITH 131 ILLUSTRATIONS, izmo. Cloth, $2. 00 28 Digitized by Microsoft® The Pocket Cyclopedic of Medicine and Surgery Full Limp Leather, Round Corners, Gilt Edges, $1.00 With Thumb Index, $1.25 Uniform -with "Gould's Pocket Dictionary" A concise practical volume of nearly 600 pages, containing a vast amount of infor- mation on all medical subjects, including Diagnosis and Treatment of Disease, with Formulas and Prescriptions, Emer- gencies, Poisons, Drugs and Their Uses, Nursing, Surgical Procedures, Dose List in both English and Metric Systems, etc. By Drs. Gould and Pyle Based upon their large "Cyclopedia of Medicine and Surgery." jt jt jt *^* This is a new book which will prove of the greatest value to students. It is to the broad field of general medi- cal information what "Gould's Pocket Dictionary" is to the more special one of definition and pronunciation of words. The articles are concise but thorough, and arranged in shape for quick reference. In no other book can be found so much exact detailed knowledge so conveniently classified, so evenly distributed, so methodically grouped. It is Multum in Parvo. Sample Pages Free. Digitized by Microsoft® A NEW EDITION Crocker on the Skin The Diseases of the Skin. Their Description, Pathology, Diagnosis, and Treatment, with Special Reference to the Skin Eruptions of Children. By H. Radcliffe Crocker, m.d. , Physician to the Department of Skin Diseases, Uni- versity College Hospital, London. With new Illustrations. Third Edition, Rewritten and Enlarged OCTAVO. JUST READY j CLOTH, $5.00 * s * This new edition will easily hold the high position given the previous printings. The author is a member of American, English, French, German, and Italian Dermato- logical Societies, and a recognized authority the world over. STURG1S— MANUAL OF VENEREAL DISEASES By F. R. Sturgis, m.d., Sometime Clinical Professor of Venereal Diseases in the Medical Department of the Uni- versity of the City of New York. Seventh Edition, Revised and in Part Rewritten by the Author and Follen Cabot, m.d., Instructor in Genito-Urinary and Venereal Diseases in the Cornell University Medical College. l2mo. 216 pages. Cloth, $1.25 *#* This manual was originally written for students' use, and is as concise and as practical as possible. It pre- sents a careful, condensed description of the commoner forms of venereal diseases which occur in the practice of the general physician, together with the most approved remedies. Digitized by Microsoft® FOR THE DISSECTING ROOM Holden's Anatomy — Seventh Edition 320 Illustrations A Manual of the Dissections of the Human Body. By John Langton, f.r.c.s. Carefully Revised by A. Hewson,m.d., Demonstrator of Anatomy, Jefferson Medical College, Phila- delphia, etc. 320 Illustrations. Two small compact vol- umes. l2mo. Vol. I. Scalp, Face, Orbit, Neck, Throat, Thorax, Upper Extremity. 435 pages. 153 Illustrations. Oil Cloth, |l.So Vol. II. Abdomen, Perineum, Lower Extremity, Brain, Eye, Ear, Mammary Gland, Scrotum, Testes. 445 P a ges. 167 Illustrations. OilCloth, #1.50 Each volume sold separately. Hughes a.nd Keith — Dissections Illustrated A Manual of Dissections by Alfred W. Hughes, m.b., m.r.CS. (Edin. ), late Professor of Anatomy and Dean of Medical Faculty, King's College, London, etc. , and Arthur Keith, M.D., Joint Lecturer on Anatomy, London Hospital Medical College, etc. In three parts. With 527 Colored and other Illustrations. I. Upper and Lower Extremity. 38 Plates, 116 other Illustrations. Cloth, $3.00 II. Abdomen. Thorax. 4 Plates, 149 other Illus- trations. Cloth, $3.00 III. Head, Neck, and Central Nervous System. 16 Plates, 204 other Illustrations. Cloth, $3.00 Eack volume sold separately. *#* The student will find it of great advantage to have a " Dissector " to supplement his regular text-book on anatomy. These books meet all requirements, and as they can be purchased in parts as wanted, the outlay is small. 31 Digitized by Microsoft® EDGAR'S OBSTETRICS A NEW TEXT -BOOK The Illustrations in Edgar's Ob- stetrics surpass in number, in artistic beauty, and in practical worth those in any book of similar character. They are largely from original sources, are made to a scale, and have been drawn by artists of long experience in this class of medical work. The Text has been prepared with great care. The author's extensive ex- perience in hospital and private prac- tice and as a teacher, his cosmopolitan knowledge of literature and methods, and an excellent judgment based upon these particularly fit him to prepare what must be a standard work. NEARL V READ Y Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft® NO 0? ■-£*•' & %.■■ •■" o? iv. «;• ■ ^ ^ # ^ ^ 5 . ■Sr .Aus- . •.-.■ .*>»■ • «>>, • Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by Microsoft®