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THE 
 
 CLUBS OF NEW YORK: 
 
 WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE ORIGIN, PROGRESS, PRESENT CONDITION 
 AND MEMBERSHIP OF THE LEADING CLUBS ; AN ESSAY ON 
 
 E^EW YORK CLUB-LIFE, 
 
 AND PHOTOGRAPHS OF LEADING CLUE-MEN. 
 
 BY 
 
 FRANCIS GERRY FAIRFIELD. 
 
 4!i& 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 HENEY L. HINTON, PUBLISHEB, 744 BBOADWAY. 
 
 1873. 
 
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Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by 
 
 HENRY L. HIKTON". 
 
 in tlie Office of the Librarian of Congress at "Washiugton. 
 
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PREFACE. 
 
 The basis of this work is constituted by a series of papers 
 contributed by the author to the 1871 volume of the Hnme 
 Journal ; and it is but just to state that several previous series 
 on the clubs of New York have been begun : one by the late 
 Fitzhugh Ludlow in a leading daily, another and later by 
 January Searle, which went no further than a clever paper on 
 the Centiu-y. In editing these papers for book-form, the 
 author's aim has been threefold: to produce, first, a history, de- 
 scription, and analysis of club-life in New York ; secondly, a 
 detailed directory of the clubs treated; thirdly, a careful digest, 
 for purposes of reference, of organization, habits, house-rules, 
 and the like — in all, a practical handbook of clubs and club- 
 Ufe. For the materials relative to the early history of the 
 Century the author is indebted to Mr. John H. Gourlie's ad- 
 mirable pamphlet taking the subject down to 1856 ; for the 
 initial pages of the Lotos, to that fine critic and essayist, Mr. 
 J. H. Elliot, formerly of the Home Journal, one of its founders, 
 and long a member of the directory : and he begs here to tender 
 his thanks to the officers and members of the several clubs for 
 courtesies, which withheld, this volume would have been im- 
 possible; also, to accredit the germs of sundry by-the-way 
 discussions to the Home Journal, Evening Mail, and other 
 papers, in which they have first appeared as contributions, 
 either under liis name or quite without specified ownership. 
 
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CONTENTS. 
 
 I. CLOB-LrPE IN New Yoek . 
 
 II. The Oentuey Chjb 
 
 m. The Union Club 
 
 IV. New Yokk Yacht Club 
 
 V. Union League Club 
 
 VI. Manhattan Club 
 
 VII. Ameeican Jockey Club 
 
 VITI. Amekicus Club 
 
 IX. Lotos Club 
 
 X. Blossom Club . 
 
 XI. Teavelebs' Club , 
 
 Xn. The Palette 
 
 XIII. Arcadian Club 
 
 XIV. AuMY and Navy Club . 
 
 7 
 
 29 
 
 57 
 
 8i 
 
 106 
 
 139 
 
 167 
 
 202 
 
 215 
 
 230 
 
 255 
 
 271 
 
 2.38 
 
 3U 
 
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THE CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 CLUB LIFE IN NEW YORK. 
 
 At no time, probably, in the historjf of the metropolis, 
 has there been a movement so marked in the direction of 
 club-life: New York being the second citj' in the world 
 in the number and membership of its clubs, London stand- 
 ing first. There are now in operation, within city limits, 
 not far from one hundred clubs, with a membership in the 
 aggregate of not less than fifty thousand. It has been 
 alleged in some quarters that the rolls of these associa- 
 tions are mostly recruited from the ranks of unmarried 
 men. It would be natural to suppose so; but an ex- 
 amination of the facts disproves the proposition, which is 
 one of those d priori conclusions that people are apt to 
 indulge in ' out of respect for what they conceive to be 
 the fitness of things. The facts are at variance with the 
 terms of the fiction. At least, three-fourths of the club- 
 men of New Tork are married men — more than one-half 
 are bankers and heavy business men: men of extensive 
 financial transactions and responsibilities. What is true 
 of club rolls now, moreover, has been equally true of them 
 fifom the days of the old Hone and Kent clubs, in the 
 
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CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 (lays of which existed only three associations of the sort, 
 to wit, the Union, founded in the summer of 1836, and 
 representative of a certain element of the old regime; the 
 Hone, founded later in the year, and representative of a 
 second element or clique of the. ancient quality of the 
 city; and the Kent, dating from the autumn of 1838, and 
 uniquely representing the cream and talent of the bar. 
 To the latter belonged J. Prescott Hall, the legal father 
 of William M. Evarfs, and the most brilliant lawyer of his 
 day; Ogden Hoffman, the eloquent; Edward Curtis, the 
 friend of Daniel Webster, and the most profound of that 
 splendid circle; O'Conor, whose fame is European as 
 well as American; Peter A. Jay, Francis B. Cutting, and 
 other legal lions. 
 
 It was the golden age of New York — in literature as 
 Well as law — even in commercial greatness. There were 
 Titans in those days — ^bold, honest, far-seeing pioneers — 
 Titans everywhere. Literary art was represented by men 
 like Washington Irving; C. Penno Hoffman, and George 
 P. Morris, the pioneers of American song; the brilliant, 
 fastidious, and imaginative Willis; the erratic, wandering, 
 and wonderful Poe; the grave, sweet, beautiful singing 
 Bryant; the fanciful but gifted Fay, and the noble, deep- 
 seeing Halleck. 
 
 Look through the round of living men, 
 Where will you find their like again ? 
 
 They constituted a crop of intellectuals to be reaped not 
 oftener than once in a century; and Death, the grim 
 reaper, has reaped them aU except one who, gray, grand, 
 and antique, still stands like a column of Karnak, indicial 
 of the ancient splendor of the temple. Whatever the 
 present may develop, these will always be the gods of the 
 American literary Pantheon — names to be remembered 
 
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CLUB LIFH IS A-JSW YORK. 9 
 
 in American letters as those of the Elizabethan age are 
 in English. 
 
 In one respect the decade between 1830 and 1840 very 
 singularly resembled the present. It was a decade ol' 
 penny journalism, and saw the foundation of that vast 
 newspaper system which has since become an engine of 
 thought more powerful than book-making. It was a 
 decade, too, of the most intense Americanism, and in- 
 tensely anti-English, Mrs. Trollope having just published 
 that volume of American notes, which rendered her name 
 a proverb in this country, and gave origin no doubt to 
 the epithet of Trollope as applied to unruly liliputians. 
 Horace Greeley and the late James Gordon Bennett were 
 almost penniless young men, whose futures remained to be 
 mined out; the late Henry J. Raymond was only known as 
 a hard-working and hard- worked reporter; but the acorn 
 had been planted, out of which was to grow the great 
 oak of journalism. The late Professor Morse, whose 
 telegraph afterwards became the nervous system of 
 civilization, was a starveling young artist in his studio, 
 later located in the New York University building. It 
 was a generation, in short, of many lions, most of whom 
 have now quiet homes in Greenwood, half a dozen of 
 whom only, gray, grizzled and decrepit, wander about, 
 wondering what the present generation — with its push- 
 ing to and fro, its dim feeling in the dark for the freer 
 and higher in life, and its obhteration of old landmarks — 
 means by its irreverent rejection of the ancient and once 
 undoubted. For, with all its brilliancy, and its host ot 
 intellectuals, the decade was analogous to the eighteenth 
 century in England. Its investigations were limited by 
 certain bounds beyond which was no thoroughfare ; its 
 speculations were safely tethered to a conventional cen- 
 tre, bej'ond which lay dreamland and vagary; its poetry 
 
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lO CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 and fiction were formal in their art, followed classic 
 models, afforded small scope for real originality. 
 
 Clubs, among them the Sketch Club, discussed at 
 length by Dr. Francis in his papers read before the 
 Historical Socdety — had existed for years, but had been 
 small and had attracted little attention; and thus, as with 
 journalism, the ten years, from 1830 to 1840, saw the 
 foundation of New York club-life as it at present exists. 
 There had been a Column Club — strange name, with an 
 odor of the classical about it — but, for some reason, club- 
 life had not thriven. 
 
 The Hone Club included a number of very familiar 
 names. Moses H. Grinnell and Simeon J)i"aper were 
 members. Thomas Tileston and Paul Spofford, two 
 names never to be dissociated in the commercial history 
 of New York, and James Watson "Webb, who fought the 
 duel with August Belmont, also belonged. The Hone 
 Club represented at that day the wealth and talent of the 
 old "Whig party, occupying the same position as to that 
 political organization, that the Manhattan now occupies 
 in relation to the Democratic party, or the Union League 
 in relation to the Republican. Daniel Webster and 
 William H. Seward were honorary members; andHealy's 
 celebrated j)ortrait of the former, the best now existing, 
 was painted for the Association in 1842. 
 
 The "Union Club was constructed upon purely social 
 principles, and represented the old regime of Livingstons, 
 Van Courtlandts, "Van Rensselaers, Dunhams, and others; 
 and, of these, the descendants of two families — the 
 Livingstons and the Dunhams — have from the beginning 
 retained their prominent influence in the club. David 
 Dunham, familiar in the business circles of old New York 
 as the Handsome Spaniard, and in society circles as the 
 Old Turk, deserves mention as the grandfather of more 
 
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CLUB LIFE IN NEW YORK. I I 
 
 club-men than any other of all that circle of commercial 
 princes, who laid the foundation of New York pre- 
 eminence in trade. His son-in-law, Eeuben Withers, 
 cashier of the Bank of the State of New York, was one 
 of the first members of the Union, and is now represented 
 there by sons, sons-in-law, and grandsons to the extent 
 of a dozen or more; also in the Jockey Club by David 
 Dunham Withers, whose stables are second only to those 
 of Belmont; also in the Manhattan by A. W. Clason and 
 William H. Paine, who are members of the Union as 
 well. 
 
 Thus, what the English call, with the, most unmtisieal 
 adjective ever invented, the clubbable disposition, appears 
 to run in families, if not to be, in some respects, subject 
 to the ordinary laws of hereditary descent; and an ex- 
 amination and careful comparison of the lists of the great 
 leading associations proves that one-half of the club-men 
 of the city are descended from less than a score of the 
 old families. These are club-men in the fullest sense of 
 the word. There is another class of members who be- 
 long merely by way of reference in social circles, and who 
 are members merely because a certain social standing is 
 therewith associated. Club-men, however, in any just 
 definition of the term, they are not— habitues of clubs 
 they certainly are not. There is again a third class of 
 young men who join the club for the mere sake of be- 
 coming habitues, and of having an elegant place to lounge 
 and pick up the society gossip of the day; but this latter 
 class is not so numerous as has been generally supposed. 
 The number of unmarried men who live en club is, on the 
 other hand, very large. Tue way is easy. Half-a-dozen 
 or a dozen — friends and cronies — all club together and 
 rent a house in an eligible quarter, paying the rent by- 
 apportion, or accordiag to the quality of the rooms 
 
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12 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 occupied. A caterer and two or three servants complete 
 the organization, which is a true club in the old, exclu- 
 sive sense of the word. 
 
 Living en club is not so very expensive, either, com- 
 paratively considered. Granted that an unmarried 
 gentleman is worth three thousand a year. To live in 
 lodgings and take meals at a restaurant will cost him not 
 less than twenty-fire dollars a week, even if he lives very 
 modestly; and nobody with any income boards now-a- 
 days, unless at a hotel. A dozen gentlemen effect a 
 combination, agreeing to contribute twenty dollars apiece 
 per week, which is equal to $12,480 a year, upon which 
 to keep house. They take a Fifth Avenue mansion at a 
 rent of $5,000, and have still $7,480 left for table ex- 
 penses, which is more than equal to the necessities of the 
 case; and thus a stylish location and all the comforts are 
 secured at less than the ordinary cost of uncomfortable 
 lodgings and hurried restaurant dinners. It is not to 
 be wondered at, therefore, that living en club has become 
 popular, even more so than belonging to clubs of the 
 crowded hotel (for gentlemen only and on the European 
 plan) sort, which are ruinously expensive, and afford 
 nothing of the privacy of home and proprietorship 
 afforded by the club system thus differently practised. 
 In fact, living en dub is eminently practicable, sensible, 
 economical, and home-like — a remark which cannot be 
 applied to living in lodging-houses, boarding-houses and 
 hotels, without considerable quaHfication. 
 
 Clubs these cooperative institutions are, though not in 
 the more modern sense; and, in this way, probably not 
 less than ten thousand young men of the city are members 
 of clubs. 
 
 But to the clubs of more or less publicity, of which the 
 crop is large and continually augmsnting. The number 
 
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CL UB LIFE IN NIS W YO&K. I 3 
 
 that, have risen, had a brief existence, and fallen into 
 nothingness again during the past twenty years, has been 
 legion. The New York Club, which had rooms on Fifth 
 Avenue facing the Union, was long one of the wealthiest 
 and most celebrated in the city — in fact, emulated the 
 Union in social prestige ; and great was the popular 
 wonder when, in May, 1869, it suddenly suspended. One 
 hundred and ten of the members joined the Union, and 
 the rest scattered themselves elsewhere. In May, 1870, 
 it was resuscitated, under the presidency of Mr. H. H. 
 Ward, at No. 2 East Fifteenth street, but has not re- 
 covered its old standing and membership, though now 
 ranking as both opulent and stylish. The Eclectic, 
 occupying the corner of Fifth Avenue and Twenty-sixth 
 street, was also, after a brilHant existence, compelled to 
 suspend on account of debt, most of its member joining 
 the Union League. The most famous, however, of 
 modern clubs dying insolvent, was probably the Athe- 
 naeum, with which were associated the leading talent and 
 wealth of the aiiy, say fifteen or twenty years since. In 
 details of organization it was a pretty exact copy of the 
 Athenaeum Club, of London, ranking with the Union and 
 Century in literary and social eclat. But the old fatality, 
 debt, attended, and suddenly the Athenaeum was as if it 
 had not been. In fact, the proper epitaph of the defunct 
 club is — " Died of debt;" aud very often, perhaps, pecula- 
 tion on the part of the trusted steward or superintendent 
 has more hand in the taking off than that personage 
 would be willing to admit. A deeper reason is, however, 
 found in the fact that really very few of the members are 
 actual habitues and patrons of the club-house. Take the 
 Union League, with its membership of fifteen hundred, 
 as an example. The restaurant, in point of variety and 
 elegant epicureanism, is not exceeded by that of any 
 
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14 CLUBS OF NHW YOBK. 
 
 first-class hotel, and exceeds that of most first-class 
 hotels kept on the European plan. The regular system 
 of the club involves two men m per day, to wit, the special 
 breakfast bill, and the dinner bill. Epicure most inveter- 
 ate could scarcely ask for delicacy or substantial not 
 specified in the menu; and yet the dispensation of meals 
 averages less than one hundred per day. Of all the 
 members, possibly twenty take their meals at the club 
 with something like regularity. Yet, everything must be 
 kept in stock. Hence, loss, waste, and perpetual drain 
 on the resources of the club; and hence, no economy is 
 possible — as it would be were a greater proportion of 
 the members actually habitues of the club-house. At the 
 Manhattan, the restaurant of which is celebrated, and at 
 the Union, the same phenomenon is illustrated — every- 
 where, in fact, except at the Travelers', where, by means 
 of a system of monthly membership, the restaurant is 
 practically opened to the general public. An exhibit of 
 the balance sheet of the Union League for a single year 
 will serve to convey an idea of the receipts and expendi- 
 tures of this deparment of the leading clubs. For the 
 year 1870 the receipts were: 
 
 From restaurant $47,970 55. 
 
 From -wines 17,480 96. 
 
 From liijuors 6,756 47. 
 
 From cigars 8,664 29. 
 
 Total S80,872 27. 
 
 Cost of new materials 78,081 43. 
 
 Balance $2,790 84. 
 
 Making no account of cookery and service, and recollect- 
 ing that wines, liquors, and cigars, with great profit, are 
 subject to little waste,' it is obvious that the restaurant 
 did not actually take money enough to pay for its raw 
 
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CLUB LIFE IN NEW FOSK. 15 
 
 material, and, but for the other items, would have in- 
 volved the club to the extent of not less than fifteen 
 thousand dollars, had its account been kept separate 
 from the wine and cigar accounts. This is the secret of 
 that insolvency which, sooner or later, swamps the club, 
 except in oases where, if the income is unequal to the 
 current expenses, the amount is assessed on the members 
 by a per capita tax, as provided for in the constitution of 
 the Manhattan. The result is referable to the fact that 
 though, nominally, the membership of clubs in this city 
 is scarcely less than that of London clubs, most of the 
 members are not club-men in the London sense, and 
 manifest very little of that clubbable disposition which is 
 habitual and hereditary in the Englishman. Scores of 
 men could be mentioned who are members of three or four 
 clubs, but really habitues of none : A. T. Stewart, for ex- 
 ample, William B. Astor, Jay Gould, John J. Cisco, Wil- 
 liam M. Evarts, Manton Marble, William Cullen Bryant 
 William H. Paine — in fact, eminent bankers, business 
 men, and professionals by the dozen. In European 
 circles the case is reversed; and hence, the subsidence 
 of a club through insolvency is a rare occurrence indeed. 
 There, for the most part, people belong to clubs in order 
 to frequent them, and not by way of reference or pass- 
 port to high social circles. It must not be taken for 
 granted either, without considerable reservation, that the 
 clubs of New York embody the position and condition of 
 the city to any great extent, or to the extent that it 
 occurs in London. The influence of American clubs, 
 except politically, is less marked and general than that 
 of English associations of the same kind — their labor 
 less mental ; their admission to the sanctum less socially 
 authoritative; their material less homogeneous. 
 
 As a rule, too, aims have not taken a very extended 
 
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1 6 CJ.C/2Jii OF lYSir YOHK. 
 
 range. Middletown, Conn., has a conversational club 
 composed of the professors of the Wesleyan University, 
 Berkeley Divinity School, and lawyers, doctors, clergy- 
 men, and professionals; but New York has as yet noth- 
 ing of the sort, unless the "Woman's Club may be re- 
 garded as holding that position. A Greek Club has 
 been founded recently, I believe, under the paternity of 
 Rev. Dr. Crosby, of New York University, and numbers 
 among its members Mr. C. A. Dana, of the Sun, and Mr. 
 C. T. Lewis, late of the Evening Post. Nothing but 
 Greek is spoken at the weekly reunions, whence it may 
 be concluded that the members talk very little. Greek 
 composition is — so said — one of the necessary credentials 
 to initiation. 
 
 Of sporting dubs, on the other hand, the names are 
 legion. Among the several cricket clubs the St. George 
 is the most celebrated; of base ball clubs, the Mutual, 
 having rooms at 622 Broadway, John Wildey, President. 
 Of rowing clubs there are half a dozen of celebrity, clubs 
 devoted to this specialty taking precedence of all others 
 for antiquity, though the Amateur Boat Club Associa- 
 tion, founded in 1834, with boat houses at Castle Garden, 
 was first to render the sport popular. Famous in their 
 day were the Wave, the Gull, Gazelle, Cleopatra, Pearl, 
 Halcyon, Ariel, Minerva, and Gondola — all of which had 
 numerous partisans; though for years the Wave ulwaj'S 
 carried ofi' the golden fleece, until at last, in an unlucky 
 hour, vanquished by the Annie, of Peekskill. Then came 
 the Independent Boat Club Association, with its Dis- 
 owned, Wizard Skiff, Laffitto, Masanielo, Vivid, Spark, Met- 
 amora, Triton, D. D. Tompkins, Sylph, Erie, Duane, Eagle, 
 Thomas Jefferson, Fairy, Washington, Brooklyn and Edwin 
 Forrest. But, the two clubs passed away, and, in 1859, 
 the New York Regatta Club, under the presidency of Mr. 
 
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CLUB LIVE IN NEW VOBK. ' I 
 
 C. M. Coy, absorbed most of -what had once been their 
 membership. It should be ■understood, however, -that, 
 under the old associations, every crew was reckoned as a 
 club, and there existed, consequently, as many clubs as 
 there were boats; while, under the later system, the 
 crews taken together constitute the club, and thus a 
 more closely articulated organization of boating men has 
 been effected. The Atalanta is now, perhaps, with the 
 exception of the University associations, the most famous 
 of American boat clubs; but boating as a sport seems to 
 be ill adapted to the American organization, which is 
 really less aquatic than the parent Enghsh, and takes 
 none of the fostering pride of Englishmen in 'dexterity of 
 oar. 
 
 Though not a club, strictly speaking, because having 
 no formal organization, yet as a sort of nursery of clubs, 
 the Stable Gang, having quarters over the horse-hotel of 
 Mr. Greorge W. Butt, corner of Bayard and Elizabeth 
 streets, is entitled to mention. For more than twenty 
 years a coterie, of which William M. Tweed — before that 
 fall, my countrymen — was the leading spirit, has met 
 here. It consists in the main of members of the Orien- 
 tal, Blossom, and City Clubs — organizations of pronoun- 
 cedly Democratic type; and has for its distinctive feature 
 the celebration of the birthdays of its members. On 
 these occasions the member's portrait, decorated with 
 floral garlands, is suspended in the club-room, and a 
 bountiful feast is served. They have a way, too, of 
 brewing a beverage in the thousand-dollar porcelain 
 bowl belonging to the organization, which is really fasci- 
 nating to lovers of a symposium, not of philosophical 
 drinks as was that of Plato, but of authentic and imbib- 
 able liquids. Judge Edward J. Shandley, C. H. Hall, 
 Judge Scott, Superintendent Kelso, Marshal Tooker, 
 
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I 8 CLUBS OF KEW YORK. 
 
 Hon. David L. Miller, Daniel Berrian, James L. Harway, 
 Daniel S. Poster, M. J. Shandley, and other well-known 
 politicians are members of the Coterie, and take part in 
 its festivals, at the last of which, in honor of Mr. George 
 W. Butt, a gold-headed cane, with a tiger's head pro- 
 truding a tongue of rubies, was presented by Judge 
 Shandley on behalf of the organization. The eyes of the 
 tiger were a couple of real emeralds, teeth so many dia- 
 monds — for those were days, in the spring of 1871, when 
 Tammany politicians could afford to be ostentatious; and 
 for long had the Coterie been famed in its circle for the 
 magnificence of its gifts and the reckless conviviality of 
 its reunions. 
 
 A few smaller clubs must be noted en masse before pro- 
 ceeding to take up the larger ones. The AUemania, of 
 which A. Wormser has for several terms been president, 
 is probably the most powerful German club in the city, 
 having splendid quarters at No. 18 East Sixteenth street, 
 with a fine hall for public exercises. The first anniver- 
 sary of the then feeble, but now prosperous, Palette 
 Club, was celebrated in this hall; though the second 
 took place in the new and elegant building of the Arion 
 Association, in St. Mark's Place. The German Club — 
 Dr. E. Kraekowizer, President — is younger than the 
 AUemania, and has rooms at No. 104 Fourth Avenue. The 
 Harmonie, a thu-d and semi-Teutonic club, under the 
 presidency of Mr. M. Simonfeld, Jr., is, on the other 
 hand, old, wealthy, and prosperous. The club-house is 
 situated in West Forty-second street, a few doors from 
 Fifth Avenue, and is one of the most elegantly appointed 
 in the city. A fourth club, distinctively German, under 
 the presidency of Mr. Gustav Matzke, occupies the prem- 
 ises. No. 14 East Fourth street. Taken together, these 
 clubs, with a membershi23 of a couple of thousands, are 
 
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CLUB LIFE IN NEW YORK. I 9 
 
 representative of powerful and active social forces. In- 
 deed,' the German element appears to be endowed with 
 what the Enghsh call the clubbable disposition more 
 bountifully than the native American, who, though emi- 
 nently gregarious in his instincts, is not so eminently 
 social. That gemuth of disposition, for which English 
 has not even a name, accounts, no doubt, for the Ger- 
 man's love of the club. Then, too, the German clubs of 
 the city are arranged with a regard to cosiness, home- 
 likeness, and comfort; while the Americans run mad after 
 that vague something termed stylishness, to the loss of 
 all substantial comfort and ease; and hence, German 
 associations are not addicted to dying of insolvency. 
 
 While speaking of the modern tendency in the direc- 
 tion of club-life, the sable citizens of the Fifteenth 
 Amendment must not be omitted. Imitative always, 
 they have imitated their paler brethren in this also; and, 
 of naturally social disposition, their clubs are models of 
 sociability and harmony of feeling. Thus far, they are 
 represented by two clubs only, embodying the wealth 
 and social position of the sables in the city; and that 
 they really have an ari.stocracy of their own, everybody 
 who has looked into the social condition and ideas of 
 the class, is aware. They have their miUionaires, their 
 heiresses, their oratorical, political, and musical celebri- 
 ties, their social lions, and their old families — and, of 
 course, their social rivalries, jealousies, and bickei-ings. 
 Strange to say, a sort of esprit de corps, or rather, esprii 
 de gens, is prevalent to an extent that would not be cred- 
 ited by an ordinary observer. They manifest little or 
 no inclination to intermarry with white people; 'and, in 
 their best circles, a negro is more respected than a mu- 
 latto. The little intermarriage that occurs is between 
 negroes and Irish women, in the lower classes of both. 
 
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20 CLUIiS OF KSW TOItK. 
 
 Political emancipation appears, in short, to have vaccin- 
 ated the negro not only vrith self-respect, but with a 
 sort of race-respect ; having thus put an effectual bar to 
 amalgamation, and solved the problem more perfectly 
 than any prohibitory statutes could have done. This 
 race-respect finds its legitimate out-cropping in clubs of 
 exclusive membership, in which the two existing are 
 unique. Their initiation fees are not so very small either 
 — forty dollars in one, and sixty in the other — and their 
 club rooms are really cosy and luxurious. One would 
 not expect to find clubs of luxurious appointing in 
 Thompson and Sulhvan streets; but here they are. The 
 membership of the two organizations is a httle over 
 three hundred, and, as might be sujjposed, they are as 
 exclusively republican in their ideas as the Union 
 League. 
 
 It would not be proper, perhaps, to call the Arion and 
 Liederkranz associations clubs, principally because social 
 intercourse is not the leading purpose of their organiza- 
 tion; but the Beethoven, with a similar musical intent, 
 has the club form, and, though only a few months old, 
 has just erected an elegant club house on lots Nos. 14 
 and 16 East Fifteenth street. The plans exhibit a struc- 
 ture four stories in height, with a Mansard roof. The 
 frontage is fifty feet; the depth of the building, ninety- 
 six feet. The facade is of Nova Scotia stone. A broad 
 balcony, supported by pillars, runs the whole length of 
 the front on the second story, constituting a splendid 
 location for a summer evening's smoke. Pour bowhng 
 alleys and the culinary department occui^j' the basement; 
 on the 'first floor is a billiard room, forty-seven feet by 
 sixty; also, the bar-room, and a vestibule of magnificent 
 proportions. The sitting-room is on the second floor, 
 forty-seven feet by sixty. Here, also, is the reading- 
 
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CLUB LIFE IN NEW TOBE. 2 I 
 
 room, with numerous closets, lavatories, and a second 
 bar taking the remainder of the space. The third floor 
 is occupied by a ball-room, forty-seven feet by eighty, 
 ■with a ceiling of the dizzy height of twenty-five feet. A 
 gallery runs round three sides of this grand hall, and 
 provides quarters for bands, by the half-dozen if neces- 
 sary. The janitor's and servants' rooms occupy the 
 fourth floor. The interior is finely frescoed. 
 
 The Andrew Jackson Club — Leander Buck, President 
 — occupies quarters in Lexington Avenue, corner of East 
 Thirty-third street; the Cosmopolitan, Stephen A. West, 
 at 220 Sulhvan street; the Invincibles, L. O'Brien, at 
 No. 397 Hudson street. These are clubs of small mem- 
 bership and special purpose. 
 
 The City Club, of which Mr. S. Crocker is president, 
 is, on the other hand, a strictly social body, though it 
 has a considerable sprinkling of politicians, and now 
 ranks very high for fashionable and stylish membership. 
 James H. Ingersoll, once a leading society man, but car- 
 ried under by the whelm of Tammany, was, ere his fate 
 overtook him, a member and a habituS of the club rooms. 
 The roll is not large, however, as compared with the 
 Union League and Union, though large enough for 
 weight as a club-body. In fact, from two to four hun- 
 dred represents the average membership of what may be 
 termed the lesser clubs, which, however, are the cosier 
 and more exclusive on that account. The Gotham Club 
 occupies elegant quarters at the corner of Union Square 
 and Fourteenth street; and, for others, there are the 
 Oriental, and Standard, and Old Guard — the former two 
 of strictly social intent; the latter composed of gentle- 
 men who make it a yearly penance to lament over the 
 political degeneracy of the age, with the best in edibles 
 and imbibables that the St. James can afford. The oS.- 
 
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2 2 CLUBS OF NSW YORK. 
 
 cers of the Seventh Regiment have curdled into a ohib 
 under the name of the Morning Glories, (of which — happy 
 return to the old system — the roll is limited to fifty) and 
 leased a comna odious club house on Madison Avenue. The 
 association already numbers over forty members, among 
 whom are Colonel John Oakey and Colonel John Fowler, 
 of General Shaler's staff; Captain Wiley, of the Wash- 
 ington Grays; Mr. David D. Holdridge, and Mr. W. H. 
 Kipp. The recently projected United Service Club has 
 also taken objective form, and is modelled pretty closely- 
 after the club of the same name in London. Thus far, 
 our military and naval heroes have had to be content 
 with becoming army and navy members, on half dues, at 
 the "Union, and regulars or honoraries at the Union 
 League. Hence, the jDroject has a mission in the provis- 
 ion of a home frequented only by kindred spirits, for 
 officers of the army and navy. The military system en- 
 genders habits and modes of thought — an esprit, so to 
 speak — which is sadly un-at-home with civilians, with 
 the methods of whom it has few points of sympathy. 
 The Union League, during the war, filled very amicably, 
 and with not a little ecloi, the position that would ordi- 
 narily have been occujjied by a United Service Club; and 
 its honorary names included the Hons of the service, like 
 grand, antique Farragut, brilliant Sheridan, mastifi-like 
 Thomas, General Grant, and others. But since the con- 
 clusion of the war, it has receded into a purely civilian 
 club, with a semi-political purpose; and it is now, of 
 course, impossible for it to hold the attitude toward the 
 veterans of the service that it then held. Hence, the 
 new club, which starts with the present prospect of a 
 membership of a couple of hundred, thus beginning with 
 that success which it is the aim of every association to 
 attain. The moving spirits in the matter have been 
 
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CLUB LIFE IN NEW TOBK. 23 
 
 Generals Burn side, Wright, Cullum, Shaler, and others 
 — good names all. The details of organization have been 
 settled, and they have leased an elegant club house, with 
 more than ordinary accomroodations for members and 
 guests. 
 
 The organization provides for stated receptions, and 
 nothing spared to cover it with an eclat like that adhering 
 to its prototype, the United Service Club, of London. 
 The club begins with over a hundred members, under 
 the presidency of Rear- Admiral Godon; and the splendid 
 mansion corner of Pifth Avenue and Ninth street has 
 been taken at an annual rental of four thousand one 
 hundred dollars. The same rented in 1870 for seven 
 thousand, but, in consideration of permanent occupancy, 
 the club renews at fifty per cent, discount, or nearly that. 
 The organization takes the name of the Army and Navy 
 Club. 
 
 The Liberal Club, the discussions of which have at- 
 tracted a great deal of popular attention, has rooms in 
 Plympton Building, on Stuyvesant street. Its member- 
 ship is over one hundred, consisting mostly of scientists 
 and amateurs in science, and including names like those 
 of Dr. T. H. Van Der Weyde, D. T. Gardner, Alexander 
 Delmar, and Professor Youmans. John Stuart Mill, 
 Professor Huxley, and George Henry Lewes are honorary 
 members, and in correspondence with the club. Initia- 
 tion fees and dues are the same as at the Palette. 
 
 The Standard Club, Broadway, near Forty-second 
 street, though the youngest of all the strictly social clubs, 
 has very elegant and expensive quarters, a membership 
 of from three to four hundred, and appears to be firmly 
 established: albeit there is no knowing when a club, 
 manifesting all the signs of prosperity both in appurte- 
 nances and reports, may collapse, so thoroughly unknown 
 
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24 CLUBS OF JS'EW YOBK. 
 
 to the general public are the transactions and exigencies 
 of the treasury and superintendence. The Standard, 
 however, ekes out a tolerable income by letting its 
 splendid hall-parlors for receptions and the like, and to 
 be a member is considered very styUsh, if not indicative 
 of solidity. 
 
 The Arcadian, the youngest of all the semi-social, 
 semi-sesthetic clubs, is really too new to have any history 
 to recount, beyond the single fact that it is an off-shoot 
 from the Lotos, and had its origin in one of those feuds 
 which periodically occur in social aggregations of pro- 
 fessionals. Not less than half a dozen attempts to found 
 such institutions have been made by leading City Hall 
 Square journalists; but all have dragged a feeble existence 
 or have been nipped in the bud by dissensions. The^ 
 Press Club, founded in 1866, constituted the latest 
 endeavor of the literary guild to form an aggregation 
 which should have some practical weight; but the mem- 
 bers of the staff of the Herald were estopped by a decree 
 issued by Mr. Bennett, commanding withdrawal from the 
 club or resignation; some few well-known journalist were 
 blackballed for reasons of personal malice; and, after 
 making some noise in the world, the thing dropped dead 
 of its lack of vitality. There was never, I believe, any 
 formal funeral: it was simply agreed, though tacitly of 
 course, to abandon all formal organization. Horace 
 Greeley was first president of this club, which started 
 under very favorable auspices, only to waste into nothing 
 from sheer lack of vital energy. 
 
 The Arcadian — to return from reminiscence to present 
 facts — starts under favorable conditions, and with a large 
 number of literary notabilities on the roll, among them 
 Max Maretzek, the veteran ivipreasario ; J. M. Bundy, of 
 the Evening Mail; Mr. Bowker, of the same journal, a 
 
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CLUB LIFE IN NEW YOBK. 25 
 
 gentleman whose literary critioisms have lifted him to the 
 first rank in his profession; Mr. Wells, of the same, whose 
 musical and dramatic criticisms are independent, analytic 
 and discriminative; George A. Hows, of the Evening 
 Express, son of the late Professor Hows, and of eminent 
 talent, both as critic and lecturer; Mr. Wheeler, the acute 
 and brilliant " Nym Crinkle " of the World, and many 
 more of the coming men in journalism, the drama, music 
 and art. Hon. H. G. Stebbins is the president of the 
 organization, as well as one of its leading spirits. The 
 club-house is No. 52 Union Place, where fine receptions 
 are statedly held. 
 
 There is, also, a Commercial Club far down-town at 
 Nos. 104 and 106 Leonard street, which numbers two 
 hundred and fifty members; but, in common with the 
 Arcadian and others, it is too modern to be regarded as 
 permanently established. 
 
 Dividing the clubs of New York into two great classes 
 — those in which a thorough amalgamation of materials 
 and something like a social crystalization have taken 
 place, and those in the different stages of formation— it 
 may be premised that in the first class the ofiicers and 
 membership remain the same from year to year with 
 merely sporadic accessions and a few losses hj death, 
 expulsion and resignation. Elections are simply farces 
 per constitution; admissions are quite limited to the fill- 
 ing of vacancies; and the writer has known persons to 
 wait year after year patiently, after being proposed for 
 membership, before an actual ballot took place. Of this 
 class, therefore, as comparatively permanent the rolls of 
 officers and members are incorporated. At the Manhat- 
 tan, for example, the members of the Directory hold for 
 life, electing president, secretary and committees from 
 among themselves. At the Century, Mr. Bryant is a sort 
 
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26 CLUBS OF NE^Y YORK. 
 
 of fixed president ; and, generally, in the larger clubs, 
 which, with the exception of the Union are corporate 
 bodies, the incorporating members direct. 
 
 There are a few fallacies extant as to club-life that 
 need correction. With nervous wives and mothers a 
 club is synonymous with extravagance and temj)tation. 
 By men in the middle ranks belonging to a club is looked 
 upon as giving one a position. By that large class of 
 social paupers, lawyers without briefs, doctors without 
 patients, clerks on attenuated salaries, a club is often 
 regarded as an expensive luxury, only suitable for 
 magnates or the wealthier orders. 
 
 In all these instances, the light in which clubs are 
 viewed is incorrect. A club is not a haunt of dissipa- 
 tion; it neither adds to nor detracts from social stand- 
 ing, nor is membership beyond the means of poor men. 
 Indeed, with regard to the last point, the contrary is 
 rather the fact. 
 
 Clubs are essentially English. Though every conti- 
 nental city in Europe has imitated the institution, yet 
 the English club still remains sui generis. The clubs and 
 cercles in Paris, in Vienna, in St. Petersburgh, and those 
 flabby transplantations called English and American 
 clubs, which flourish in every city in Europe, are as 
 different from their English and American namesakes as 
 wine-bibbing is fronj total abstinence. On the continent 
 the cafe, takes the place of the club; there men eat, drink, 
 smoke, and read the papers; while those who belong to 
 clubs have generally some claim to wealth or distinction, 
 and use them as a fashionable lounge where bets are 
 made in the day-time, and high play is the rule of the 
 evening. The light in which a Parisian, Austrian, or 
 Russian views his chib is not that of a home. And here 
 lies the great difference between club-life abroad and 
 
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CLUB LIFE IN SEW YORK. 37 
 
 club-life in London and New York, where a man's club 
 is bis home. It is there that he sees his friends, writes his 
 letters, dines, and spends the greater part of the day. 
 EespeetabOity, in its most severe moments, can wish for no 
 more decorous haunt for husbands and sons to enter and 
 take up their abode. As long as men are within the 
 walls of their club they must conduct themselves as 
 gentlemen. Should a member behave himself in an 
 objectionable manner, and to the annoyance of his fel- 
 lows, most assuredly he will be reprimanded by the 
 secretary, or, if his offence be very reprehensible, be 
 requested by the committee to take his name off the 
 books. With the exception of certain clubs instituted 
 especially for gambling, the committees of a club, as a 
 general rule, forbid all games of hazard to be played 
 under its roof, and limit the points at whist. "Where, 
 then, is the occasion for the nervous apprehension in the 
 female mind that clubs are calculated to lead their sons 
 and husbands astray ? 
 
 Apart from the admirable manner in which the table 
 is provided for, a club possesses advantages. The library 
 is a splendid collection of rare and interesting books, and 
 on the different tables are the various monthly magazines 
 and the latest works from the circulating library. To 
 literary men this room is invaluable, and one of which they 
 take full advantage. Jenkins, the fashionable novelist, 
 looking through a county history, finds out here a good 
 description of some noble country-seat in order to trans- 
 fer it to the pages of his novel as the baronial residence 
 of his hero's father; and Brown, the great dramatist, 
 hunts out the materials for another new and original 
 drama. 
 
 In the writing-room are various little tables replete 
 with writing materials — note-paper, envelopes, foolscap, 
 
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2S 
 
 CLUBS OF JVJSW YOJJK. 
 
 sealing-wax, etc., and for aught the club cares, you may 
 make as free use of those materials as you please. Jon- 
 kins writes all his novels on the club paper, and Brown 
 his tragedies, and these gentlemen mu.st find it ex- 
 tremely convenient not to have to pay for stationery. 
 
 And then, in addition to the above rooms, there are 
 the well-ventilated smoking-room, with its after-dinner 
 stories and cigars of the finest brands; the large hand- 
 some morning-room, with its sofas xn.A faidewilH, and all 
 the leading papers, aired, cut and temptingly- laid out for 
 perusal; the dressing and bath-rooms; in short, every- 
 thing that luxurious tastes can demand except bed-rooms; 
 most clubs considering that they have had quite enough 
 of your company during the day, and done enough for 
 you, to be exempt from your society during the night. 
 All you need, therefore, if you are unmarried, is an attic 
 in some eligible quarter. The club comes to your rescue 
 in all the remaining amenities of stylish living. 
 
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II. 
 
 CENTURY CLUB, 
 
 No. 109 EAST FIFTEENTH STKEET, NEAR UNION SQUAEE. 
 
 On the evening of January 13, 1847 — Wednesday, as 
 the almanac indicates — an important though very unpre- 
 tentious meeting was held in the rotunda of the New 
 York Gallery of Pine Arts in the Park. Not the Park 
 which is now-a-days the Park par excellence, but that 
 triangular bit of ground until lately barricaded at all 
 strategic points by hucksters and apple-women — in a 
 word. City Hall Square. In those days the collection of 
 the late Guy Bryan occupied a sort of grotto-like edifice 
 at the corner of Broadway and Thirteenth street, and, 
 saving the New York Gallery of Fine Arts and the col- 
 lection of the Historical Society, was the only accessible 
 gallery of studies — the old New York Art Union and the, 
 old Dusseldorf excepted. The meeting was not far from 
 contemporary with the advent of Malibran, under bent 
 old Bagioli, father of the late Mrs. Daniel E. Sickles, and 
 that of the Italian Opera, under superannuated Palmo. 
 
 Eheufugaces ! A century turns its glass ten times — 
 every turn marking a decade — and a great city scarcely 
 seems to notice it, with the exception that new cemeteries 
 have to be staked out, and the statistics of funerals wax 
 larger and larger, until the dead are more than the 
 living. 
 
 There was an old man in those days, or before, who 
 did some business in paintings at auction, where the 
 
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3° CLUBS OF iVBW YORK. 
 
 Astor House now stands, forgetful of the ancient remi- 
 niscences of its situation. Tbis old man was the first who 
 ever imported a Corregio — upon which, if tradition saith 
 aright, he lost money, the ancient canvas really bring- 
 ing him twenty dollars, or thereabouts. 
 
 The recently deceased Halleck, and the long since 
 dead J. Rodman Drake, who wrote the " Culprit Fay," 
 were the coming litterateurs just then. Morris, the song 
 writer of America, and Willis, the pet-poet of fashionable 
 New York, had already put on their laurels and started 
 the HoTne Journal; and Bryant, the venerable president 
 of the Century Club, is the last living of the brilliant 
 literary galaxy that then twinkled pretty near together 
 in the firmament of New York letters. Irving and Poe 
 were in the zenith of their glory — the former in his first 
 humorous crayons, the latter as the fierce critic of the 
 Broadway Journal ar.d the author of strange tales and 
 stranger poems. Dead — dead aU except the author of 
 "Thanatopsis," who still toils at his desk as the veteran 
 editor of the Eue^iing Post. 
 
 The lounger about City Hall Square is familiar with 
 the physiognomy of an odd little building among that 
 cluster constituted by the Hall of Records, Court House, 
 Croton Aqueduct Department, and Hook and Ladder 
 No. — , which looked like the crown of a somewhat en- 
 larged Derby hat. This squatty little imp of a public 
 building — taken down a few months since — bore once the 
 ancient dignity of the New York Gallery of Pine Arts, 
 and was late inhabited, if paintings have ghosts, by the 
 pigmentary ghosts of other days. It was here that the 
 meeting was held, which resulted in the foundation of the 
 Century Club. 
 
 There had existed before a small and rather informal 
 art club, of which H. T. Tuckerman, A. B. Durand, and 
 
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osyTunr club. 31 
 
 others eminent in the annals of the decade, were mem- 
 bers. At a meeting of this club in December, 1846, a 
 proposition was started and canvassed. The necessity 
 for an association of larger scope, with permanent rooms 
 for its meetings, had ah-eady been felt. Art, in those 
 days, like Queen Elizabeth in hers, was supposed to have 
 no feet to walk upon, and, it must be confessed, was 
 rather gTadual in its locomotion. Artists then, as now, 
 often found themselves deficient in that protoplasm 
 which Professor Huxley regards as a necessary physical 
 basis, and, consequently, in that molecular activity which, 
 according to the same eminent professor, is necessarily 
 the basis of all intellectual conception. The venerable 
 S. F. B. Morse, since famous as the inventor of the 
 electric telegraph, then best known for his " Mort d'Her- 
 cule," and as the founder of the National Academy of 
 Design, was a member of this embryo " Century.'' So, too, 
 the genial Irving, from whom its name, the Sketch Club, 
 was taken. 
 
 At this meeting a resolution was offered inviting mem- 
 bers to propose names; and at a subsequent meeting one 
 hundred names were presented, and a committee ap- 
 pointed to call a meeting of the proposed members. 
 This committee issued the following notice: 
 
 "New Yoke, January 9, 1847. 
 '■The first general meeting of the association of gentlemen en- 
 gaged or interested in letters or the fine arts, will be held on Wed- 
 nesday nest, the thirteenth instant, at eight P. M. , in the rotunda 
 of the New York Gallery of Fine Arts, in the Park. As a member, 
 your attendance is particularly requested. 
 
 John G. Chapman, ' 
 
 a. b. dueand, 
 
 C. C. Ingham, , ^ ... „ 
 
 A. M. CozzENs, [Committee. 
 
 P. W. Edmonds, 
 
 H. T. TUOKEEMAU, J 
 
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32 CLUnS OF KEW YOBK. 
 
 The now forgotten rotunda was pretty well congested; 
 and the meeting was nucleated, as a scientist would say, 
 by appointing David C. Golden President, and Daniel 
 Seymour Secretary. 
 
 In the time-honored way of pro tempore presidents, 
 Mr. Golden stated the object of the gathering, and en- 
 tered, with the enthusiasm of the true president from 
 time immemorial, upon the explanation of benefits to 
 art and letters which were to result. Then the commit- 
 tee reported, recommending a list of one hundred names 
 by them proposed as members, suggesting the election 
 of a managing committee, and begging, in conclusion, 
 that dissolution which is the last prayer of all comitiary 
 bodies. 
 
 A constitution was now framed; and, on motion of 
 Edgar S. Van Winkle, the name of the Century (from 
 centum, a hundred, and meaning, no doubt, the select 
 hundred) was adopted. A single extract from the old 
 constitution — the club has since adopted a new one — 
 will illustrate the intent with which the club was 
 started : — 
 
 " The name of the association shall be the Century. 
 It shall be composed of authors, artists, and amateurs of 
 letters and the fine arts, residents of the city of New 
 Tox-k and vicinity. Its objects shall be the cultivation 
 of a taste for letters and the arts and social enjoyment." 
 
 Election of officers ensued; and a managing commit- 
 tee, composed of two authors, two artists, and two ama- 
 teurs, a treasurer and secretary, was balloted for. The 
 managing committee was thus composed: Gulian C. 
 Verplanck, John L. Stephens, A. B. Durand, John G. 
 Chapman, David C. Golden, Charles M. Leupp. Thomas 
 S. Cummings was first Treasurer and Daniel Seymour 
 Secretary. 
 
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CENTVBY CLUB. ^T, 
 
 The few initial, or rather formative, meetings of the 
 club were held in the old rotunda, but at length the 
 committee reported that they had taken rooms at No. 
 495 Broadway, and, the rooms having been put in order 
 and modestly upholstered, the old rotunda was left to 
 wax desolate, and at length to become a hive of politi- 
 cians. Once comfortably s^ettled, the club waxed strong 
 and lusty. Its meetings were punctually attended, and 
 a great deal of esprit du corps marked the action of its 
 members. Artist members hung the walls with paintings 
 from their studios; newspapers and periodicals were 
 provided; and presently a Century journal was estab- 
 lished, to which authors and amateurs in letters contrib- 
 uted with emulative zeal. A list of the original members 
 includes many of the best names of the old metropolitan 
 art and letters. All told they were as ensuing: "William 
 
 C. Bryant, Eev. Henry W. Bellows, Henry K. Brouen, 
 John G. Chapman, A. M. Cozzens, David C. Colcjen, J. 
 
 D. Campbell, L. G. Clarke, T. S. Cummings, A. B. Du- 
 rand. Rev. Orville Dewey, F. W. Edmonds, C. L. Elliott, 
 Thomas Addis Emmett, Dudley B. Fuller, Thomas H. 
 Faile, George Eolsom, Allan Goldsmith, John H. Gour- 
 lie, Henry Peters Gray, Daniel Huntington, Ogden Hag- 
 gerty, W. J. Hoppin, Charles C. Ingham, Governeur 
 Kemble, Wilham Kemble, Shepherd Knapp, Eobert 
 Kelly, Charles M. Leupp, Samuel E. Lyon, Christian 
 Mayr, Dr. McNeven, Eleazer Parmly, T. P. Rossiter, 
 Daniel Seymour, Jonathan Sturges, John L. Stephens, 
 Joseph French, H. T. Tuckerman, H. P. Tappan, Gulian 
 C. Verplanck, and Edgar S. Van Winkle. 
 
 The judges, lawyers, artists, men of letters, amateurs, 
 and commercial men of the New York of 1847 are well 
 represented in this list; and some of its names are 
 among the brilliant of well-remembered stars. At the 
 
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34 CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 second monthly meeting four members were admitted 
 by election — Eussell H. Neyins, J. W. Glass, Charles S. 
 Roe, and Thomas S. Officer. At the third, Major T. S. 
 Brown, then at the head of the engineering staff of the 
 New York and Erie Railroad, and since celebrated as 
 having been appointed to the head of that bureau in 
 connection with the Moscow and St. Petersbui-g Rail- 
 road by the Russian emperor, was duly elected: and, in 
 all, thirty-eight members were added daring the first 
 year, making an aggregate of eighty. At the first annual 
 meeting, after paying all expenses, the treasurer reported 
 a balance of three hundred and sixteen dollars. 
 
 At this meeting, held January 13, 1848, a somewhat 
 important suggestion was offered and adopted, or rather, 
 having been moved by Daniel S. Seymour, was referred 
 to a special committee. This was nothing less than the 
 publication of a volume of contributions by the literary 
 members, to be illustrated by the artists. The commit- 
 tee reported favorably at the next meeting, and a resolu- 
 tion inviting members to contribute was adopted. Some 
 few articles were submitted to the committee; but, for 
 obvious reasons, the project was never carried into effect. 
 Three years after, in January, 1851, the literary depart- 
 ment of the club was invested in the editors of the jour- 
 nal, which thus far has been the only substitute for the 
 original project, though latterly even this has fallen 
 measurably into disuse. 
 
 The well-known humorist, Frederic S, Cozzens, and 
 John H. Grourlie were first editors of the journal, which, 
 for some years, was read at monthly meetings — Cozzens 
 contributing some of the very best of his peculiar Hood- 
 isms in prose and verse. It was here, in fact, that his 
 reputation as an essayist was made; and from his 
 monthly morceaux to the journal was selected the matter 
 
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CENTURY CLUB. 35 
 
 of his volume of "Prismatios." C. P. Cranch and Peter 
 A. Porter were also leading contributors. Here tlie 
 former first attracted attention as a poet by Ms " Graces 
 of Art," in its way a clever production. Porter's "Spirit 
 of Beauty " was also fortunate in securing general en- 
 comiums, rather, perhaps, by reason of its keen humor 
 than on account of any uniquely poetic merit. 
 
 The artist member, first to give an impulse to the 
 foundation of a gallery, was Mr. Paul P. Duggan, to 
 whom the club is indebted for a large number of the 
 portraits of members, now deceased or superannuated, 
 which adorn the walls, and keep green the memory of 
 the dead in the hearts of the living. Duggan was first 
 to suggest the collection of these as the kernel of an ■ 
 art-gallery, and first tc? commence the work. Others 
 have, from time to time, made valuable additions, 
 Specimens of the styles of the Giffords, Kensett, Bier- 
 stadt, Gignoux, Cropsey, McEntee, and others are scat- 
 tered and grouped among examples of the older artists, 
 like Durand and his co-workers in founding the National 
 Academy. In a word, as might be supposed, the gallery 
 of the club is rare and valuable — though not so valuable 
 as one might imagine' it would be — and almost a history 
 of New York art and a biography of New York artists 
 for the past twenty years. Rossiter, Hicks, and Darley 
 deserve special mention as having been liberal contrib- 
 utors to the pigment wealth of the institution — beg 
 pardon for the Americanism — while the moneyed mem- 
 bers, amateur collectors most of them, have added ma- 
 terially, from time to time, from the works of foreign 
 and American masters. 
 
 One of the purposes in starting the Century was to 
 entertain and introduce eminent strangers; and, though 
 this has latterly fallen a great deal into the hands of the 
 
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36 CLUBS OF NJUW YOBK. 
 
 Travelers' Club, the practice is still continued. Hon. J. 
 E. roinsett, then a lion in circles of statesmanship — there 
 were giants in those days, too — was the first to be invited 
 to the hospitalities of the club. The late Pitz-Grreene 
 Halleok, at first a member, Major Brown, and, in fact, 
 most of the bright lights of poetry, art and science, resi- 
 dent as well as non-resident, have been complimented 
 with the hospitalities of the Century — most of the former 
 having been members. The semi-annual festivals, parti- 
 cipated in by ladies, were commenced during the first 
 year, and very early was begun the custom of celebrating 
 Twelfth Night, which has now fallen into partial disuse. 
 The festivals or receptions are still continued occasionally, 
 and are generally attended with brilliant social gatherings. 
 The Broadway rooms of the club were occupied just 
 two years. It was at iirst proposed to enter into a sort 
 of jDartnership with the National Academy, then about to 
 remove to the new Broadway building; but, the negotia- 
 tions miscarrying, rooms were engaged at No. 435 Broome 
 street, where it remained one year. At the expiration of 
 the year's probation, 575 Broadway was fixed upon as its 
 temporary home, and, packing paintings a few, books a 
 few, and articles of verlu a great many, thither it gypsied 
 in the spring of 1850. Here it remained two years, when 
 a second attack of migratory fever supervened, and not 
 until comfortably settled at No. 24 Clinton Place was the 
 patient pronounced convalescent. In May, 1852, the 
 club removed hither, the rooms having been elegantly 
 fitted up under the superintendence of Henry L. Pierson. 
 The copies of the casts from the original works of Thor- 
 waldsen, forming a part of the art gallery, were collected 
 by the latter gentleman, or rather obtained from Itlr. 
 Unnewehr, then in possession of them. Ogden Haggerty 
 and Andrew Binninger also presented valuable bits of 
 
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GENTVEY CLUB. S7 
 
 statuary to adorn the new rooms. These few presenta- 
 tions were the original kernel of the now large collection 
 of works of sculpture since aggregated by contributions 
 of the members. 
 
 The portrait of Daniel Seymour was presented by 0. 
 M. Leupp; the very admirable portrait of Henry Inman, 
 painted by Elliott, was obtained b-y subscription of the 
 members and presented to the club. 
 
 Mr. David D. Colden, the first president of the club, 
 was rather a patron of the fine arts than an artist, and 
 had the honor of being one of the original six commis- 
 sioners named in the act organizing the emigration com- 
 mission, of which Mr. Verplanck was for some years an 
 honored member, and one of the trustees of the House of 
 Refuge. He died in June, 1850, after three years in the 
 service of the club as an indefatigable laborer in its inter- 
 ests. R. Gary Long, well-known as an American pioneer 
 in the builder's art; C. Mayr, celebrated as an artist; 
 Daniel Seymour, whose efficient services as a manager 
 contributed greatly to render the Century successful; 
 Major Thompson S. Brown, the engineer, and George 0. 
 Smith, were among those whose deaths occurred during 
 the first decade of its existence, and, in some sense, con- 
 secrated it as a club having reminiscences of the past. 
 The latter was lost at sea on the ill-fated Ai'dio, upon the 
 bell of which, tolling as it went down, the late Mrs. 
 Sigourney composed her stanzas, somewhat in imitation 
 of Cowper's elegy on the death of Admiral Kempenfeldt: 
 
 "ToU, toll, toU, 
 
 Thou beU by 'billows swung ; 
 And night and day these warning worda 
 Bepeat with mournful tongue." 
 
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38 CLUBS OF NEW I'OliK. 
 
 The stanzas, with those of Cowpar, their original, running: 
 
 ' ' Toll for the brave, 
 
 For the brave who are no more. 
 All sunk beneath the wave, 
 Just by their native shore " — 
 
 will be remembered in detail by all who have been so for- 
 tunate as to hear them repeated by her nephew, the Eev. 
 Mr. Eussell, long celebrated in eastern universities as 
 the first elocutionist of his day. 
 
 In the spring of 1857, the Century entered upon exis- 
 tence as a corporate body; Gulian C. Verplank, William 
 Cullen Bryant, C. M. Leupp, Asher B. Durand, John P. 
 Kensett, William Kemble, and William H. Appleton 
 appearing in the act as first members of the corporation, 
 the rest being designated in the very legal phrase, other 
 persons. Its corporate name is the Century Association; 
 its corporate purpose, the promotion of art and literature, 
 by establishing and maintaining a library, reading-room, 
 and gallery of art. By statute, the seven gentlemen 
 above-named were constituted trustees and managers 
 until others should be elected in their places; and the 
 corporation was empowered to hold or lease any personal 
 or real estate, but not to hold in excess of the sum of 
 fifty thousand dollars. 
 
 The club thus entered upon its second decade, not as a 
 mere ephemeral association of artists, men of letters, and 
 amateurs, but as a corporate literary and artistic body 
 with the power to have a local habitation and a name, to 
 hold property, and perform other functions quite neces- 
 sary to the utmost efiiciency of a body having a distinct 
 and elevated popular purpose. Thus, the meeting which 
 tlie squatty little rotunda in City Hall Square remem- 
 bered for years as a recollection of its artistic days, has 
 
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OEiYTrRT CLUB. 39 
 
 in ten years eventuated in a powerful association with 
 corporate functions. 
 
 A new removal was now about to occur, and presently 
 the historian finds the Century well settled and its own 
 major domo in the elegant building in Fifteenth street, a 
 couple of doors east of Union Square. In a word, it sets 
 uj) an establishment and assumes the importance which 
 Dickens laughs at Americans for dignifying as an insti- 
 tution. Now begins the collection of those large literary 
 and artistic aggregations which give value to the library 
 and gallery of art. 
 
 Owing to increase of membership and greater social 
 homogeneity, it was found, at the January meeting of 
 1870, expedient to adopt a new constitution and an ex- 
 tended code of by-laws for practical government. The 
 new document recounts that the society shall be com- 
 posed of authors, artists, and amateurs of letters and the 
 fine arts. The managing committee is composed of seven 
 instead of six, three amateur's appearing instead of two, 
 as formerly. An annual meeting for election of officers 
 is held, the president of the managing committee being 
 also president of the Association. First and second 
 vice-presidents, a treasurer and secretary, complete the 
 corporate organization. The as sociation still keeps up 
 its monthly meetings; its initiation fee is still one hun- 
 dred dollars, as formerly; the annual dues for membership 
 being thirty-six dollars. Two black balls reject a candidate 
 for admission; but members intending to be absent from 
 the city for a year or more, are exempted from the pay- 
 ment of yearly dues upon notifying the treasurer, and 
 without loss of membership. Card-playing and betting 
 in the rooms of the Association are strictly prohibited. 
 Monthly meetings, for the election of members, are held 
 on the first Saturday of every month (January, July, and 
 
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40 CLUBS OF NEW YOEK. 
 
 August excepted), at eight P.M.; and a regular yearly 
 meeting is held on the second Saturday in January. 
 
 The by-laws forbid any book, journal, paper, picture, 
 statute, or other work of art, to be taken from the rooms 
 on any pretext, except by the authority of the managing 
 board. No accounts are kept with members; no restau- 
 rant is connected with the rooms. Members may per- 
 sonally introduce visitors to the rooms, but, in all cases, 
 parties doing so enter their own names and the names of 
 parties introduced on the vistors' book. Nor can any 
 member introduce more than one person, except by con- 
 sent of the managing board. A house committee employs 
 stewards and looks to supplies; a committee on literature 
 superintends the conduct of library and reading-room ; 
 a committee on art manages the art gallery, arranges for 
 exhibition at monthly and annual receptions, and keeps 
 the catalogue of the art properties. 
 
 Naturally, as the club has waxed fatter in body cor- 
 porate, it has waxed a little leaner in ilaa and social 
 soul; though, as compared with other clubs, it is still 
 eminently free and inform.al in the social intercourse of 
 its members. Always aristocratic in its way, it is now a 
 trifle more aristocratic than formerly, in the way of other 
 people. Its membership is now over six hundred, afford- 
 ing an annual income, from current dues alone, of $22,000, 
 which is yearly augmented by initiations from eight to 
 ten thousand, giving an aggregate, say, of rather more 
 than thirty thousand. 
 
 It is now twelve years since the club has celebrated 
 Twelfth Night, which of old was its night of festivities; 
 and, very gradually, a more formal spirit has crept in as 
 the members have waxed hoarier with the rime of years. 
 Many of its leading spirits have dropped out — not 
 ostensibly, of course, but really, so far as actual club-life 
 
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CENTURY CLUB. 41 
 
 is concerned — ^by marriage. The monthly meetings have, 
 however, always been well attended ; and consider- 
 able of the old social spirit has marked'the intercourse of 
 members on these occasions. The dinners are frugal — 
 quite so, as compared with those of the Union and other 
 leading clubs. Oysters and lighter restauration, with 
 the inevitable bowl of brandy -brew, form the staple; but 
 members wishing wines, order them at their own ex- 
 pense. The traditionary mush and milk has, however, 
 long since disappeared. 
 
 The monthly gatherings have latterly, more than 
 formerly, been made the occasion of art exhibitions, to 
 which the artist members contribute from their studios. 
 
 The usual routine of these occasions comprises a formal 
 business meeting of members in the council room, and 
 the discussion by members and guests in the reception 
 rooms, of new art and literary works, and such general 
 topics as may suggest themselves to the grouiDS of talkers. 
 Later in the evening comes the dejeuner, and, frugal 
 though it be, the members rush for it in a style that re- 
 minds one neither of luxurious Epicureans nor yet exactly 
 of Mr. Longfellow's " dumb driven cattle." The feast is 
 performed like most burial ceremonies, the company 
 standing, with uncovered heads. 
 
 The last Twelfth Night Festival (1858), was com- 
 memorated by the late Gulian 0. Verplanck, whose 
 humor, considering that the club never met at another 
 festival, somewhat illustrated John Van Buren's famous 
 phrase, whistling at a funeral. Then, for twelve years, 
 the Century fares on, without any salient social event to 
 mark the footsteps of years, that tell off the decade. 
 
 Last year an attempt at renaissance was made by 
 some of the younger members educated in Germany, and 
 having a fondness for German social customs. The 
 
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4 2 CLUBS OF IVUW YORK. 
 
 resurrection of the old festal spirit was effected in the 
 form of a Germanism incident to the holidays, but did 
 not take place on -the eve of December 24th, owing to the 
 fact that married members could not be reasonably ex- 
 pected to neglect the demands of home at the very begin- 
 ning of the season of Santa Glaus. So the Kris Kriakle 
 tree was postponed to the evening of Thursday, Decem- 
 ber 29th, when the Century rehabilitated itself in its old 
 festal dress. The tree was prepared by subscription; 
 members drawing numbers entitling them -to presents 
 quite at random. The incongruity of the presents 
 afforded the pegs upon which to hang puns, witticisms, 
 and hearty laughs by the hundred. A box of vesuvians 
 here, to somebody rather vesuvian in temper; a bundle 
 of cigars there, to somebody who didn't smoke; a doll 
 elsewhere, to somebody hopelessly single; and so on with 
 a punctuation of bon-bons of vrit, joke, and hearty 
 laughter. Launt Thompson disported himself with a 
 terra-cotta baby, emblematic of a recent domestic happen- 
 ing. Stoddard read some nonsense-verses, hitting off in 
 clever doggerel, the sahent foibles and weaknesses of the 
 master spirits, and eliciting a great deal of that internal 
 convulsion which the poet declares to be heathful, in 
 
 "Care drives our coffin-nails, no doubt; 
 But mirth, with merry fingers, plucks them out. " 
 
 The sensation of the evening — if the grave and reverend 
 seigniors of the Century will permit the term — was con- 
 stituted by J". W. Ehninger's caricature illustrations of 
 the Seven Ages of Shakespeare, in which the leading 
 members of the club figured in caricature at once so 
 good-natured and telling, that even the venerable and 
 sedate author of "Thanatopsis," could not find it in his 
 heart to play Philip and be offended. 
 
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GENTUBT GLUB. 43 
 
 The affair was concluded with a festal dinner, and will, 
 no doubt, owing to infusion of younger blood, become a 
 permanent feature; contributing not a little to give the 
 Association social unity ; for, latterly — so rumored — 
 cliques have sprung up in the process of that inevitable 
 segregation into social groups, which in clubs of large 
 membership cannot be avoided, if there is any truth in 
 Darwin's hypothesis of natural selection. A quarter of 
 a century, too — and the Association is verging now upon 
 that mark — ^has dried up the spirits of the elder members 
 who began the world together, and rendered the institu- 
 tion an excellent illustration of Mr. Spencer's theory of 
 progTessive differentiation. 
 
 The present membership includes of publishers, 
 authors, lawyers, artists, judges, and professionals of all 
 sorts, the best names in the metropolis — names familiar 
 as household words in literary, artistic, and legal circles. 
 George P. Putnam, William H. and John A. Appleton, 
 of the firm of the Appletons; and Van Nostrand, the 
 scientific publisher, are members. Staid and courteous 
 Judge Daly, learned Evarts, David Dudley Field, the 
 eloquent and dignified O'Conor, C. F. Sandford, of the 
 old aristocracy, and John A. Graham, the great master 
 of criminal jurisprudence — all are names that would give 
 eclat of the legal sort to any association; and, as to 
 authors, poets, artists, and amateurs, they are numbered 
 by the score. Alex. T. Stewart and John Jacob Astor 
 are probably its wealthiest members. William Cullen 
 Bryant, R. H. Stoddard, E. C. Stedman, and Bayard 
 Taylor are its best known poets. H. T. Tuckerman now 
 dead, Eugene Benson represents art criticism as well as 
 art, and will be remembered by patrons as having been 
 once connected with the collection of Guy Brj^an. Min- 
 ister and historian Bancroft represents history. Prof. E. L. 
 
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44 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Youmans, the pupil of Huxley, and Egbert L. Viele, of 
 repute in engineering circles, are its present sponsors in 
 science. Of clergymen, Dr. Bellows is a member, and 
 Dr. Francis Vinton was. Parke Godwin, whose effort 
 in history is at once the most powerful and most 
 Maeaulayan of all Americanisms in that direction, Gr. W. 
 Curtis, William Allan Butler, author of "Nothing to 
 Wear;" 0. A. Bristed, Henry Sedley, the last knight of 
 the brilliant Bound Table band, and now of the Times; 
 S. S. Conant, of Harper's Weekly; and Manton Marble, 
 editor of the World, are also to be remembered, with 
 Adam Badeau, the biographer of General Grant. Ed- 
 win Booth stands as the representative of the drama. 
 
 In its legal and poetic groups the Century is supreme. 
 Four lawyers like William M. Evarts, Charles O'Conor, 
 John A. Graham, and David Dudley Field, the list of no 
 other club presents; four poets like Bryant, Bayard 
 Taylor, Stedman, and Stoddard, it would be equally 
 difficult to find. Not that it is impossible to overrate 
 the mission of poetry in this age, when the poetic con- 
 sciousness has been wholly outrun by the scientific, and 
 when the disgrace of not being able to write a good 
 poem is only equalled by the disgrace of writing one and 
 supposing it to be remarkable. In fact, taking poetry in 
 its profoundest sense — creation, — the scientists and 
 thinkers are the true poets. In creation, what ia Tenny- 
 son to Herbert Spencer, Browning to Prof. Huxley? 
 The age is an age of feeling forth for the real in the old 
 metaphysical sense, the potential in the sense of Hegel; 
 and the conviction that there is little of this in the 
 poetic toy-houses erected by versifiers, has had no little 
 part in the determination of the general discredit into 
 which poetry has fallen, and the proximate contempt im- 
 plied in the term poet — for, as Carlyle puts it, why 
 
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CENTUll Y GL UB. 4 5 
 
 should a man — a real man, with humanity strong within 
 him — spend his time in writing poetry when he might 
 better act it in his daily life ? Why, indeed, except that 
 to build word-palaces is easier than to fill them with 
 action ? Verily, there must come a new revelation of 
 the poetic consciousness. 
 
 It is seldom, except on official evenings, that Bryant 
 is seen at the Century; though Stedman and Stoddard 
 — both poets of the formal type — are hahilues. Bayard 
 Taylor drops in occasionally; but, on the whole, the 
 evenings at the Century are not what they were when 
 the weird-voiced and weird-faced Duggan sang those 
 strange Irish ballads, the music of which was part of 
 him, with George William Curtis and a few kindred 
 spirits to listen. As the club has advanced in age, it 
 has lost vitality, having in the literary respect become 
 the rendezuoua of a clique of men afflicted with the fancy 
 that they carry the world on their shoulders — a pardon- 
 able egotism, certainly, for some of them were Atlases 
 in the day of them. In this regard, indeed, the club 
 needs young blood — a need which is not likely to be 
 answered, since, long snubbed and denied, the rising- 
 representative men of journalism, art, and literature have 
 identified themselves with the Lotos and Arcadian, 
 which, though boasting of no legal, poetic, or even ar- 
 tistic groups like those of the Century, will not be long- 
 in raising- them up, as new men come forward and the 
 old pass away. 
 
 If ever, in the course of an evening's saunter at the 
 Century, your eye encounters a bland gentleman, of cler- 
 ical appearance, and looking as if he ought to part his 
 hair in the middle, you may be sure that the gentleman 
 .is George W. Curtis — a man of temperament too poetic 
 to be a great master of prose fiction, and of tempera- 
 
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46 
 
 CLUBS OF NJBW YORK. 
 
 ment too prosaic ever to produce more than a kind of 
 prose poetry. As you scan tli-e gentleman, whose " How- 
 adji" and "Prue and I" are famous in their way, you ob- 
 serve that he walks, talks and moves in curves, and prob- 
 ably thinks in curves also, and draw the conclusion, if 
 you happen to be in the critical mood, that he is exactly 
 the man to make an elegant essayist of — an Addison a 
 century out of time, with a dash of the wit and fecun- 
 dity of Steele. Graceful, you say, grace itself; and grace 
 is the only word exactly descriptive of the man. Not a 
 powerful face, except in the way of that slumbrous 
 strength that indicates what the nature might have been, 
 had it ever been so stung to the quick as to have opin- 
 ions, convictions, instead of tastes. A man, you specu- 
 late, whom a little more adversity would have made a 
 Titan, who has really been too prosperous in life to have 
 brought up rare things from the deejDS of the human soul, 
 whose greatest powers have slumbered on from year to 
 year, their possessor regardless of the poss3Ssion. A gen- 
 tleman of five-feet-ten he is, whose bow is something to 
 be remembered, so thoroughly courtly is it, yet massive 
 in physique, with a massive head well set on the shoul- 
 ders of an Atlas. English whiskers shade a handsome 
 and even noble face; darkish light locks, a massive forehead 
 in which perception and imagination predominate over 
 causality and comparison. The height of the head is in- 
 dicial of strong moral qualities; its length, or lack of 
 length, betokening an intellect quick to assimilate and 
 reproduce, festooned with rhetorical rainbows and set off 
 with rhetorical bric-d-brac, but not an originative or 
 inventive mind. It is the head of a man who can say 
 the largest number of beautiful things on an ordinary 
 topic, and who can make the ordinary look extraordinary 
 and novel; of one who can gossip, recall reminiscences, 
 
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CJENTUBT CLUB. 47 
 
 and fairly fascinate with exquisite nothings, until you be- 
 gin to wonder why, with all his powers of description, he is 
 so unjust to himself as to waste them on eiDhemeral toj)ics. 
 But here lies his limitation: as a journalist, he has dealt 
 too long in mere mental millinery to attempt higher work. 
 His successes at the beginning were too pronounced for 
 progress. Why should I investigate, think, he seems to 
 say in his essays, when I can express the thinking of oth- 
 ers far better than they themselves can ? "Why should I 
 delve to bring up new things, when I can make the old 
 appear new ? Why explore for nuggets when I have a 
 special talent for coinage. Thus, though lacking in fer- 
 tility, the literary career of Mr. Curtis has been brilliant. 
 Like " Timothy Titcomb" in quite another field, he has the 
 art of saying well what has been said before — of dressing 
 a truism in a costume imported from Paris; and as in 
 manual industry there must be milliners as well as man- 
 ufacturers or producers, so in literary industry there 
 must be the men of ideas and the men of expression, 
 whose business it is to distribute, whose function to cos- 
 tume: and though not a great one, the function is a ne- 
 cessary one to popular progress. In his dress Mr. Curtis 
 is unobtrusively elegant. A brilliant orator, he is in 
 great demand as a lecturer on topics, connected with 
 modern culture, though lacking in the kind of magnetism 
 that moves masses, because of the porcelain work with 
 which he embellishes, and of that talking in curves which, 
 though elegant and graceful, begets an impression of in- 
 sincerity. • Yet, at times, he can cut directly home, with 
 a rarely electric stroke, though generally preferring to nip 
 off a head gracefully and with the nicety of a Turkish 
 expert. Had his nature ever been profoundly stirred, he 
 might, perhaps, have been an original in a deeper sense 
 than he now is; but he would not have been the brilliant. 
 
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48 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 the adroit, the gossiping, graphic and degage Curtis, 
 whose "Manners on the Road," a deeper insight and a 
 more impressive earnestness would have converted into 
 sermons; and this to his after critics may prove useful — 
 appreciate the essayist for what he is, not for what he 
 might have been, but is not. Great in his field, his field 
 is unique and one that no other intellect and no other 
 experience could have tilled sucessfully. What if he has 
 produced tuberoses, dahlias and rare floral exotics only ? 
 The land has corn and wheat enough, and to spare, and 
 somebody must cultivate the exclusively color side of life. 
 " Take care of the beautiful," Willis used to say, in the 
 way of Home Journal motto, "the useful will take care 
 of itself;" and if one prefers to fret the hard, stony facts 
 of life with a few mosses, and now and then a blossom, 
 who shall find fault that the aridness of the facts is shaded 
 a little ? And besides, in doing so, Mr. Curtis brings 
 unity into his life, and establishes a harmony between 
 himself and his literature, that renders workman and 
 work parts of the same individuality. The same sympa- 
 thy between the man and his creations, taken as a whole, 
 exists in the case of Bryant, who more than any other 
 poet, living or dead, Shelley excepted, merits the epithet 
 of the biilbul-hearted, that is, who sings because it is in 
 his nature to sing, not because of any stirring of the 
 deeps — for Bryant, like Curtis, never had the hard wres- 
 tle with the world, with hfe, necessary to bring out the 
 deepest in the man. The former has a strong hold on 
 nature, and sees poetically by instinct; the latter has, to 
 a greater degree than any living master, the quality of 
 mind that Coleridge terms the secondary imagination, a 
 definition preserved and engrafted upon American criti- 
 cism by that Nestor of the profesion, Mr. George Eipley, 
 whose Tribune reviews have settled the comparative staud- 
 
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CEXTURY CLUB. 49 
 
 ing of nearly every living poet, Bryant excepted. Tlie wri- 
 ter well remembers being indebted to him for his first 
 real opinion of Alice Gary, of Bayard Taylor, of E. H. 
 Stoddard, of Margaret Puller, of Longfellow, of Low- 
 ell — of how many more recollection saith not: for Mr. 
 Ripley has had more hand in the formation of American 
 literary taste, probably, certainly in giving direction to 
 Americaj) criticism, than any one living American. Poe, 
 acute and analytical as he was, lacked both in candor and 
 perception of the higher beautiful; Lowell, the Curtis of 
 criticism, has too little sympathy with the popular heart 
 to be very influential in the formation of tlie popular 
 taste; Margaret Fuller's career was too brief to be very 
 productive; and, as to rising critics, there are none, 
 critical opinions being now governed mostly by considera- 
 tions of advertising patronage, criticism having degen- 
 erated into what is aptly termed giving notices, ezoept 
 perhaps in the sizigle instance of the Nation. 
 
 In person, Mr. Eipley is a solid man, as Mr. Bryant is 
 a poetic man, Mr. Curtis a man of Addisonian type. 
 Neither too idealistic nor too realistic for criticism, Mr. 
 Eipley has the capacity in eminent degxee to put him- 
 self in the centre of the literary circle and compare the 
 candidates occupying it. Hence, he gives his man his 
 just relief, his groups of men their exact relative per- 
 spective, properly graduating their relative distance 
 from the foreground — no one exalted at the expense of 
 the other. 
 
 Occasionally he writes around a subject when reasons 
 exist for not using the scalpel too freely — for even in 
 criticism on a journal so eminent -as the Tribune, com- 
 mercial considerations will mate themselves felt, and 
 business principles will force recognition to a limited 
 extent. Indeed, in a city of commercial ideas, like New 
 
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5° CLUBS OF NHW YORK. 
 
 Torlr, it is scarcely pofssible that it should be other- 
 wise. 
 
 Than Mr. Evarts and John A. Graham stronger physical 
 contrast conld not well be imagined — the one tall, slen- 
 der, lantern-jawed, and lean, as well as somewhat awk- 
 ward; the other of medium height, suave in manners, 
 grace itself in carriage. Mr. Evarts dresses in a rather 
 slovenly way, with a collar rolled, not turned, over his 
 neckcloth; and should you meet him on the street, 
 though distinguished in appearance, scarcely less so 
 than was the late James T. Brady, you would never take 
 him for the master intellect he is. But wait till he doffs 
 his hat to some passing lady, and you will see a real 
 seven-story head, and one as long as it is high — a cra- 
 nium that must hold a tremendous battery of brains, 
 and reminds of a powerful ganglion continued in a spina] 
 column, or rather, set on the apex of a tall, lank, sup- 
 porting verlebrce. O'Conor, on the other hand, looks the 
 legal lion he is, while you would sooner take Graham for 
 a gentleman of the old regime, rather fastidious in his 
 dress, and with curious httle labyrinths of eccentricity 
 of his own, than for the wonderful silver-voiced orator 
 he presents at the bar. 
 
 The club-house, though not at all bizarre in appear- 
 ance, except in having a very high Mansard roof, which, 
 the building being rather low, causes it to resemble a 
 jockey's head with a jockey cap on it, has a certain indi- 
 viduality both in front and entrance, that renders it 
 somewhat noticeable. Entering you find yourself in a 
 large roomy hall, with medallions here and there in 
 artistic profusion; on this hand, a cosy i-eading-room 
 stocked with the latest periodicals; on that, an artistic 
 reception-room; at the rear, looking like a crypt, with 
 shadows flickering about, the art-gallery — a veritable 
 
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CEN'CUliY CLUB. 5 I 
 
 grotto of the beautiful, arranged as oiilj- artistic hands, 
 guided by the suggestions of many an artistic head, can 
 arrange, and so grouped that the grouping is an art- 
 study in itself. An interior it is that grows upon you 
 as you linger, and fills your brain -with troops of pleasant 
 fancies, dodging in and out as pileasant fancies will. 
 
 To attempt enumeration of eminent names in art would 
 be to sound the whole gamut. Kensett, Bierstadt, 
 Cropsey, the two Giffords, Gignoux, Darley, Elliott, 
 Durand, Hicks, Hart, Launt Thompson, and the weird 
 Weir are pei-haps as popularlj' famihar as any others. 
 For others socially, politically, legally, judicially, artistic- 
 ally, and otherwise celebrated, the reader can pick them 
 out at leisure from the perfected catalogue of members. 
 
 LIST OF MEMBERS. 
 
 Agnew, C. E. ; Agnew, John T. ; Albinola, G. ; Alexander, H. E. ; 
 Allen, William M. ; AUen, Richai-d H. ; Amory, Arthur; Ammidown, 
 E. H. ; Anderson. H. H. ; Andre"ws, E. P. ; Andrews, J. B. ; Anthony, 
 A. v. S. ; Anthony, Henry T. ; Appleton, D. Sidney; Appleton, John 
 A. ; Appleton, "William H. ; Arnold, Frank E.. ; Arthur, Chester A. ; 
 Aspinwall, W. H. ; Astor, John Jacob; Auchmuty, Richard T. ; 
 Aufermann, William ; Austin, S. F. ; Avery, Samnel P . 
 
 Badeau, Adam; Baker, N. F. ; Baler, John S. ; Balestier, Joseph 
 N.; Bancroft, George; Banyer, Goldsborough; Barker, Fordyce; 
 Barnard, F. A. P. ; Barnard, John G. ; Beardslee, R. G. ; Beard, 
 'William H. ; Beckwith, N. M. ; Beeckman, Gilbert L. ; Beekman, 
 James W. ; Beekman, Gerard; Bellows, H. W. ; Bellows, A. F. ; 
 Benson, Eugene; Bttts, G. F. ; Belts, "William; Bierstadt, Albert; 
 Bigelow, John; Billings, Frederick; Binicger, Andrew G.; Bispham, 
 Henry C. ; Black, Charles N. ; Blake, Charles F. ; Blatohford, Samuel; 
 Blodgett, W. T. ; Bond, "William; Bond, Frank S.; Bcnnell, Lewis; 
 Booth, Edwin; Booth, George; Bosworth, Joseph S. ; Botta, Vin- 
 cenzo; Bowman, Francis C. ; Bowne, Richard H. ; Boynton, John H.; 
 Brace, Charles L. ; Bradford, William; Bristed, C. Astor; Bridge, 
 William F. ; Bronson, Isa c; Brown, Addison; Brown, H. K. ; Brown, 
 J. G. ; Brown, "Walter; Bryani, "William C. ; Buckingham, — ; 
 Buckley, Joseph E. ; Bull, B. W. ; Bull, A. B.; Bumstead, F. J.; 
 
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52 CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 Burrill, .John E. Jr.; Butler, Charles; Butler, Charles E. ; Butler, 
 Wm. Allen; Butler, Eiohard; Butler, B. J.; Butenschon, E. 
 
 Cadwalader, John L. ; Camp, H. N. ; Carter, James C. ; Gary, 
 William F.; Catlin, N. W. S.; Center, A. J.; Chambers, William P. ; 
 Chauler, J. Winthrop; Chandler, Charles F. ; Chapin, Edwin H. ; 
 Chapman, John G. ; Chauncy, Henry; Cheever, J. H. ; Choate, 
 Joseph H. ; Choate, William G. ; Church, Frederick E. ; Church, 
 WilUam C. ; Church, F. P. ; Cisco, John J. ; Clark, E. T, ; Clift, 
 Sm^th; Cochrane, David H.; Coddingtou, T. B. ; Colles, James Jr.; 
 Collins, N. B. ; Collins, Charles; Conant, S. S. ; Cooley, James E.; 
 Cooper, Edward ; Cowdin, Elliott C. ; Cranch, C. P. ; Crane, J. J. ; 
 Craven, A. W. ; Crerar, John; Cropsey, Jasper F. ; CuUum, George 
 W. ; Curtis, G. W. ; Curtis, William E. 
 
 Daly, Charles P. ; Dana, William P. W. ; Dana, Samuel B. ; Darley, 
 Felix O. C. ; Davis, J. C. Bancroft- Davi.son, Edward F. ; Day, James 
 Geddes; Delano, Edward; Delano, F. H. ; Derby, J. C. ; Detmold, 
 C. E ; De Visser, Simon; Dix, Charles T.; Dodge, William E. Jr.; 
 Dorr, George B.; Dorr, Henry, C; Dorsheimer, William; Douglas, 
 Andrew E. ; Draper, William H. ; Drisler, Henry; Dudley, Henry; 
 Dunning, E. J. ; Dunster, Edward S. ; Durand, Asher B. ; Dwight, 
 T. W.; Dwight, J. F. 
 
 Eaton, D. Bridgeman ; Edgar, Jonathan ; Edwards, Ogden ; Edwards, 
 Jonathan; Egleston, Thomas Jr.'; Ehniuger, John W. ; Eidlltz, 
 Leopold; Elliott, D. G. ; Elliott, Charles W.; Ely, Smith Jr.; Eno, 
 Amos P. ; Evarts, William M. 
 
 Faile, Thomas H. ; Fawcett, Frederick; Fellowes, Frank W. ; 
 Fellows, E. C. ; Field, Benjamin H. ; Field, Cyras W. ; Field, Dndley ; 
 Fisher, Joseph; Fish, Nicholas; Fitch, John L. ; Fithian, F. J. ; Ford, 
 J. K.: Forrest, George J.; Forster, George H. ; Fuller, George; 
 Fuller, W. H. 
 
 Gaillard, Joseph; Gambrill, C. D. ; Gandy, Sheppard; Gavitt, 
 John E. ; Geary, H. S. ; Gibts, Woleott; Gibert,' F. E. ; Gifford, S. R. ; 
 Giflford, E. Swain; Gignoux, Regis; Godkin, E. L. ; Godwin, Parke; 
 Goddard, C ; Goodridge. Francis; Goodridge, Frederick; Goodwin, 
 James J. ; Gordon, Robert; Gould, Charles; Gonley, John W. S. ; 
 Gourlie, John H. ; Grah^.ni, J. L. Jr. ; Graham, John A. ; Graham, 
 Wm. Irving; Graj-, G. G.; Gray, H. Peters; Gray, H. W.; Gray, 
 Horace; Graj', J. F. S. ; Greene, George S. ; Grinnell, W. P.; Gris- 
 wold, George. 
 
 Habicht, C. E. ; Haighf, Benjamin I. ; Hall, George H. ; Hall, Elial 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
OE^-TURY CLUB. 53 
 
 F. ; Hamersley, John W. ; Hamilton, William G. ; Hammond, Henry 
 B. ; Hart, Joseph M.; Harrison, Heniy G. ; Harland, Edward; Hasel- 
 tine, William S. ; Haseltine, Albert C. ; Hawley, D. Edwin ; .Hawley, 
 E. Judson; Hawkins, B. W. ; Hays, W. J.; Hegeman, William; 
 Hennessy, W. J. ; Henry, E. L. ; Herrick, Jacob H. ; Hewitt, Abra- 
 ham S. ; Hibbard, George B. ; Hicks, Thomas; Higgins, A. Poster; 
 Hilton, Henry; Hitchcock, Thomas; Hoe, Robert; Hofftnau, P. R. ; 
 Holly, Alexander S. ; Holt, Henry; Holyoke, George 0. ; Homer, 
 Winslow; Hoppin, William J. ; Hoppin, P. S. ; Hoppin, William W. ; 
 Howe, Frank E. ; Howland, Alfred C. ; Hubbard, E. W. ; Hunt, 
 Charles H. ; Hunt, Leavitt; Hunt, Richard M; Hunt, Wilson G. ; 
 Huntington, Daniel; Hutton, B. H. 
 
 Irving, P. M. ; Iselin, Adrian. 
 
 Jay, John; Jay, William; Jenness, John S. ; Jessup, M. K. ; 
 Johnson, Eastman; Johnston, James B. ; Johnston, John Taylor; 
 Jones, Alanson S. ; Jones, P. H. ; Joy, Charles A. 
 
 Keller, C. M.; Kemble, Gouverneur; Kemble, William ; Kendrick, 
 Henry L. ; Kennedy, J. S. ; Kensett, John P. ; Kernochan, Prank E. ; 
 Kernochan, Prederiok J.; Kilbreth, James T.; K'mball, James P.; 
 Kmnicutt, Thomas ; Kirkland, Charles P. ; Kitchen, William K. ; 
 Knapp, Charles; Knoedler, Michael; Knower, Benjamin; Kuetze, 
 E. J. 
 
 Lambdin, George C. ; Lane, Frederick A. ; Lane, Josiah ; Lane, 
 Smith E. ; La Parge, John; Lang, Louis; Lapsley, Howard; LeClear, 
 Thomas ; Lee, D. Williamson ; Lee, Gideon ; Lee, William P. ; 
 Lefferts, Marshall; Lewis, Charlton T. ; Linton, W. J. ; Livingston, 
 R. J. ; Loop, H. A. ; Low, A. A. ; Ludington, C. H. 
 
 Macdonough, Aug. R. ; Macmullen, John ; Macy, Charles A. ; 
 Marble, Manton; Marbury, Francis P.; Markoe, Thomas M. ; Mar- 
 quand, H. G. ; Marshall, Charles H. ; Martin, Charles; Martin, 
 Homer D. ; Mathews, Albert; Maverick, Augustus; Mayo, William 
 S. ; McCready, Benjamin W. ; McElrath, Thomas; McEutee, Jervis; 
 McKewan, John P. ; McLean, James, M. ; McLean, Samuel; Melville, 
 Allen; Metcalfe, John T. ; Mignot, L. R. ; Idler, Edmund H. ; 
 MiUer, George M. ; Milnor, Charles E. ; Morgan, J. P. ; Morgan, 
 WilUam D. ; Morton, Levi P.; Moss, C. D. ; Mott, A. B.; Myers, T. 
 Bailey. 
 
 Nash, Stephen P. ; Newberry, John S. ; Nicol, Robert; Noyes, 
 H. D. 
 
 O'Conor, Charles : Ogden, Charles H. : Ogden. William B. ; Oeden, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
54 CLUBS OF lYBW YOBK. 
 
 Gouverneur M. ; Olmstead, P. Law; Olyphant, E. M. ; Oothout, 
 Edward; Osgood, Samuel; Osgood, J. E. ; Otis, P. N. ; Otis, G-. K. 
 
 Palen, George; Paris, Irving; Parker, Willard; Parkin, William 
 "W. ; Parsons, John E. ; Paulding, James N. ; Pearson, Isaac Greene ; 
 Peaslee, E. E. ; Pearson, Henry E. ; Peck, William G. ; Pell, Duncan 
 A. ; Pellew, Henry E. ; Pepoon, Marshall; Perkins, C. L. ; Perry, E. 
 W. ; Peters, G. A.; Phcenix, S. Whitney; Pierrepont, Henry E. ; 
 Pierson, Henry L. ; Pierson, Henry L. Jr. ; Pinchot, J. W. ; Platl, 
 John H. ; Pomeroy, George ; Porter, John K. ; Post, George B. ; 
 Post, A. K. ; Potter, Henry C. ; Potter, Clarkson N. ; Potter, Edward 
 T. ; PoLts, George H. ; Prentice, James H. ; Prentice, W. P.; Priestly, 
 John; Pruyn, J. V. L. ; Pumpelly, Raphael; Putnam, George P. 
 
 Eappalo, Charles A. ; Raymond, Eobert E. ; Eaymond, E. W. ; 
 Eead, John Meredith, Jr.; Eedmond, James M.; Renwick, James; 
 Rich, Edward S. ; Eobbins, H. W. Jr. ; Roberts, Marshall 0. ; Robert- 
 son, Touro; Robinson, E. E. ; Roelker, Bernard; Eoemer, Jean; 
 Eogers, Charles H. ; Eogers, J. H. ; Eood, Ogden N. ; Eoosevelt, R. 
 B. ; Roosevelt, Theodore; Eoosevelt. James A.; Eos.siter, T. P.; 
 Euggles, Samuel B. ; Ruggles, H. M. ; Ruggles, James P. ; Russell, 
 John E. ; Eussell, Charles P. ; Eutherford, Lewis M. 
 
 Saekett, Adam T. Sanderson, James M. ; Sands, H. B. ; Sands, 
 Mahlon, D. ; Sanford, Charles F. ; Sanford, H. S. ; Satteriee, George 
 B. ; Satteriee Edward; Schell, Augustus; Schenck, N. H. ; Scudder. 
 Hewlett; Scudder, Henry J.; Sedgewick, Henry D. ; Sewell, Robert; 
 Seyton, C. S. ; Sheldon, Frederick; Sherwood, John D. ; Sherwood, 
 Thomas D. ; Shiff, Gustavus ; Short, Charles ; Silliman, Augustus E. ; 
 Skiddy, Francis; Slosson, Edward; Smith, Augustin; Smith, Charles 
 D. ; Smith, E. Delafield; Smith, Charles S. ; Smith, Normand; 
 Smith, Augustus F. ; Southmayd, Charles F. ; Speir, A. W. ; Spier, 
 Gilbert M. ; Staigg, Richard M. ; Stanfield, Mark M. ; Sfcansbury, 
 E. A. ; Starr, Peter ; Stedman, Edmund C. ; Stewart, A. T. ; Stewart, 
 D. Jackson; Stickney, Albert; Stoddard, E. H. ; Stone, William 
 Oliver; Stoughton, E. W. ; Stout, F. A.; Strang, Samuel A.; Strong, 
 Peter E. ; Strong, George T. ; Strong, Charles E. ; Stuart, Eobert L. ; 
 Sturges, Frederick; Sturges, Jonathan; Stuyvesant, Eutherford; 
 Stuyvesant, Robert; Sutherland, Josiah; Suydam, D. Lydig; Swan, 
 Otis D. ; Swan Benjamin L. 
 
 Tallmadge, Frederick S. ; Taylor, Bayard; Taylor, Alfred J.; 
 Terry, Eliphalet; Thompson, Laimt; Thomson, James; Thomson, 
 WiUiam Leupp; Ticknor, B. H. ; Tilden, Samuel J. ; TiUinghast, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
CENTURY CLXJB. 55 
 
 Win. H. ; Tinker, James; Titus, George N.; Toppan, Robert N. ; 
 Toppan, Charles; Tracy, Charles; Tracy, "William; Tuokerman, 
 Lucius; Tuokerman, Gustafus; Turner, George W. ; Turney, 
 Paschal W. 
 
 Vail, H. F. ; Van Amringe, J. H. ; Van Nostrand, David; Van 
 Vorst, H. C. ; Van Winkle, Edgar S. ; Vandarlip, G. M. ; Vandei-poel, 
 Aaron; Vanderpoel, A. J.; Varuum, Joseph B.; Vaux, Calvert; 
 Vermilye, Jacob D. ; Verplanck, Gulian C. ; Viele', Egbert L. ; Vinton, 
 Alexander H. ; Vinton, Frank L. ; Von Hoffman, Richard. 
 
 Wagstaff, David; Wainwrigiit, J. Howard; Walcott, B. S. ; Wal- 
 lack, J. Lester; Walker, F. T. ; Walsh, Thomas; Ward, George 
 Cabot; Ward, J. Q. A. ; Ward, Samuel G. ; Ward, Samuel B. ; Ward, 
 Thomas W. ; Ward, John E. ; Warren, James S. ; Washburn, E. A. ; 
 Weeks, John A. ; Weeks, Francis H. ; Weir, John F. ; West, Charles 
 E. ; Westervelt, Tompkins; Weston, Theodore; Wetmore, Samuel; 
 White, James F. ; White, A. D. ; White, J. C. ; Whitehead, Charles 
 E. ; Whitney, W. C. ; Whittemore, W. T. ; Whittredge, W. ; Wilkins, 
 G. JM. ; Wilkinson, W. ; Willard, John H. ; Williams, Stephen C. ; 
 Willis, liichard S. ; Winthiop, Benjamin E. ; Winthrop, H. E. ; 
 Winthvop, Buchanan ; Wisner, W. H. ; Wolfe, John ; Wood, James R. ; 
 Wood, C. B. ; Wood, Wilmer S.; Wood, T. W. ; Wright, William P. ; 
 Wright, J. Butler. 
 
 Youmans, E. L. 
 
 Zimmermann, J. E. 
 
 The officers of the club for the year are the following: — 
 
 President — William Cullen Bryant. 
 
 Vice-Presidents — First, Gilbert M. Speir; second, F. 
 E. Church. 
 
 Secretary — Augustus E. Macdonough. 
 
 Treasurer — John Priestley. 
 
 Trustees — Henry Drisler, WUham E. Curtis, John F. 
 Kensett, W. "Whittredge, J. W. Beelnnan, J. C. Carter, 
 H. E. Winthrop. 
 
 Committee on Admission— W. T. Blodgett, T. M. 
 Markoe, B. F. Butler, S. P. Nash, C. F. Chandler, W. W. 
 Parkin, Charles Collins, E. Stuyvesant, A. W. Craven, 
 Launt Thompson, E. L. Godkin, James Tinker, G. H. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
56 CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 Hall, Charles Tracy, A. S. Hewitt, Lucius Tuckerman, 
 John La Farge, H. C. Van Vorst, Jervis McEntee, Calvert 
 Vaux. 
 
 House Committee — Theodore Weston, William H. 
 Wisner, Charles D. Gambri]!. 
 
 Committee on Art — Louis Lang, H. Gr. Marquand, J 
 Q. A. Ward. 
 
 Committee on Literature — E. C. Stedman, John H. Van 
 Amringe, Parke God-win. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
III. 
 
 UNION CLUB. 
 
 TWENTY-FIRST STBEET AND FIFTH AVENUE. 
 
 The year 1836 will be remembered as having been a 
 year of meteorological oddities. The oldest inhabitant 
 avers that oats did not turn with the strange gi'ay of 
 maturity until the middle of September; and the tall, 
 rustling regiments of the Indian corn forbore to wear 
 tassels at least a month longer than usual. The times 
 seemed to be out of joint in some way, and the months 
 of mid-summer, which ought properly to have dripped 
 with perspiration, crawled past-ward shivering. 
 
 Tradition preserves the record of the season under the 
 designation of the cold summer. Weird auroras did not 
 forbear to hft themselves in mountains of fire along the 
 north, even in July; and more than once the canopy- 
 aurora hung like a mock sun in the very centre of the 
 heavens. People predicted strange things; but the 
 strange things did not happen. The hyena of j^esti- 
 lence, the wolf of want, and the red death of war were 
 conjured, but emerged not, nevertheless, from the vasty 
 deep supposed by Shakespeare to be inhabited by their 
 spirits. 
 
 The harvest, though late, was not stinted: Jack Frost 
 kindly omitting to nip the half-shivering vegetation un- 
 til almost November, thus silencing the deep-throated 
 forebodings of the croakers, and quite impairing their 
 repute as prophets. 
 
 It is not pretended that the gestation of the Union 
 Club, then in progress, had any material influence in the 
 evolution of these omens, or that the weather was 
 
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53 VLVVS OF jVi'ir YOBR. 
 
 affected by the parturition of the great social event. 
 The fact is merely noted as one of those coincidences 
 which will happen oecasio'nally, in spite of learned scien- 
 tific protest, and which men will interpret grotesquely, 
 though rhyme and reason should both enter their nolle 
 prosequi. 
 
 1836. New York was then a bit of village, of rather 
 more than 350,000 inhabitants. Houston — then North 
 — street, Bleecter and Bond streets were particularly 
 up-town, and thoroughfares of fashion and aristocracy. 
 The old regime was still in its glory; and real counts, in 
 plaid pantaloons, were sensational occurrences to be 
 petted, set up as lions, and finally entrapped into matri- 
 mony, just by way of improving the blood of the first 
 families. The little white-faced hotel now termed the 
 Tremont was kept by a real foreign count — the Count 
 Charles Plinta — expatriated for political reasons, but 
 afterward restored to titles and estates. Having come 
 to this country, the count concluded to marry, and start 
 a hotel; accordingly, espousing a niece of the then com- 
 mercial prince, David Dunham, known in society as the 
 handsome Spaniard, and founding the Bond Street 
 House. After his restoration, the Count and Countess 
 PHnta returned to Bavaria, the beautiful American be- 
 coming one of the stars of the court circle. 
 
 The Broadway lounger might have observed a year 
 ago, in passing the Bond street corner, a pyramid of 
 debris, representing the wreck of No. 1, now replaced 
 with a japanned tin box in the form of a business struc- 
 ture; but he is not aware that this same No. 1 was once 
 the local habitation of the wealthiest and most exclusive 
 of New York clubs — the Union — whose black ball is sim- 
 ]Dly indelible, and murders a man, socially, quite as elfee- 
 tually as a defalcation might, provided it were detected. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
UKIOA CLVB. 59 
 
 Fact, nevertheless. Early in June, 1836, an informal 
 meeting of a number of gentlemen of social distinction 
 was held at this same number, at which the founding of 
 a purely social club was mooted. These gentlemen 
 mapped out the ensemble of an association, adopting a 
 sort of provisional constitution, and evolving the germ 
 of that organization which terminated in the Union. 
 As contrasted with the call of the Century, there was 
 something of formal, dignified gravity in the very docu- 
 ment framed and transmitted to certain select parties as 
 an invitation to become members. 
 
 As preserved in its gilded frame at the Club Palace, 
 corner of Fifth Avenue and Twenty-first street, it reads 
 
 thus : — 
 
 "New Yoek, June 30, 1836. 
 ' ' Sir, — The Committee of Formation of the Union Clnb, appointed 
 at a meeting at which the accompanying constitution was adopted, 
 are authorized to invite you to become a member. 
 
 "The constitution is adopted provisionally, subject, of course, to 
 the approbation of the club, when formed; and the committee are 
 desirous of obtaining immediately a general expression of opinion 
 on some points considered debateable. They will thank you, there- 
 fore, to give the subject your consideration, and to signify your 
 intention as to joining the club, by a note addressed to the secretary, 
 at No. 1 Bond street, or through the post-office. 
 
 ' ' The general ideas and objects are set forth in the preamble to 
 the constitution, but on the subject of economy it may, perhaps, be 
 well to remark here, that it is intended to adopt the principle that 
 everything called for at the club-house is to be paid for by the per- 
 son ordering, at its actual cost only; the current expenses of the 
 establishment being defrayed by the annual dues. 
 
 ' ' Samuel Jones, E. T. Throop, 
 
 Thomas P. Oakley, B. E. Brenner, 
 
 Philip Hone, G. M. Wilbins, 
 
 Beverly Bobinson, S. C. 'Williams, 
 
 ■W. B. Lawrence, E. Sheldon, 
 
 Charles King, J. Depeyster Ogden, 
 
 Ogden Hofiinan. 
 "By ordeij Johk H. L. McCeacean, Socrefaiy." 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
6o 
 
 CLUBS Of NHW YORK. 
 
 Of these names, that of Ogden Hoifman will be remem- 
 bered popularly as that of the star of the New York bar, 
 both for fervid eloquence and profound learning. He 
 was a bald-headed, dreamy-eyed man, whom the present 
 Governor (Hoffman) reproduces singularly in face and 
 physique, though the latter is less fervidly imaginative. 
 For the'rest, in their day, they were of social distinction; 
 but Greenwood — that metropolis of the dead, almost as 
 large as this metropolis of the living — has long since re- 
 corded their names in its awful and ever augmenting 
 city directory. C. Fenno Hoffman, next to Morris the 
 sweetest song-writer America has produced, and now an 
 inmate of a maison de sante, became later a member of 
 the association, which soon came to represent the social 
 crime de la creme of the then developing metropolis. 
 
 Prom its inception it was the representative organ- 
 ization of the old families. Livingstons, Clasons, Dun- 
 hams, Griswolds, Van Cortlandts, Paines, Centers, Van- 
 dervoorts, Van Eensselaers, Irelands, Stuyvesants, Suy- 
 dams, and other names of Knickerbocker fame, filled its 
 list of membership with a sort of aristocratic monotony 
 of that Knickerbockerism which has since, in solemn 
 and silent Second Avenue (the faubourg St. Germain of 
 the city), earned the epithet of the Bourbons of New 
 York. Hence, sprang up that contest of the old mag- 
 nates of New York society with the new Napoleons of 
 wealth by trade, which for years agitated the club, and 
 has occasionally threatened to rend it asunder; for these 
 Vans, of whatsoever final syllables, have always made a 
 sort of grand fetish of pedigree, insisting that a man, 
 like a horse, ought always to be blooded. A sort of 
 hankering for foreign counts marks the daughters of the 
 old stock even to this day, taough not so distinctly as it 
 once did; and regularly at luscious and rosy sixteen. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
UNION ULUB. 6 I 
 
 having been kept immured, lest some unfortunate affair 
 should spring up with some low American — good-enough 
 fellow, but mere common clay, you know, not porcelain 
 — to be put, like Circassians, in the loreigu market: and 
 seldom, indeed, are they brought back, until some sijrig 
 of the sangre azul has been hooked, or they have passed 
 the twenty -five; gotten well and safely by the impressible 
 ' age, you know. Happen occasionally it will, of course, 
 that some representative of the old Knickerbocker fam- 
 ily of Van Dunderhead sees and is conquered, or con- 
 quers, before the young lady is taken to the Parisian 
 market; and then a compromise is effected — for though 
 a real count — Italian, German, or sad Polish — is prefer- 
 able even to a Van Dunderhead, yet a Van Dunderhead 
 is preferable to a possible count. Opulent are the Van 
 Dunderheads; and it takes a deal of investigation some- 
 times to ascertain whether the most dashing count can 
 count on anything except what he borrows or wrings 
 from that friend of counts in distress — unreliable Sir 
 Faro. So, as I have implied, when a true Van Dunder- 
 head enters the lists he is apt to win — a Van Dunder- 
 head in esse being reckoned ten per cent, better than a 
 count in posse, with all the untried and, hence, exagger- 
 ated difficulties in the way of entrapping him. But let 
 moneyed Mr. Parvenu bid for the alliance — Mr. Petro- 
 leum Parvenu is as opident as old Dunderhead's heir — 
 and he -will find that his stock is not only below par, but 
 not to be taken on any terms. It is not money alone, 
 not the man alone, that leads captive the paternal ima- 
 gination of the old regime, but money and the man, either 
 separately considered being valueless without the sup- 
 porting presence of the other, which is a better state of 
 things than that which prevails in the new regime, where 
 it is money and a dummy to carry it, Vive I'ancien regime! 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
62 
 
 CLUBS OF A'EW YOliK. 
 
 But time works metamorphoEes stranger than pagan 
 Ovid ever dreamed of. A f'ew years slip by, and No. 1 
 Bond street reverberates no more to the tread of Liv- 
 ingston or Van Cortlandt, and if the ghost of the old 
 revisits the new, it can be only to repeat Moore's bound- 
 ing stanza: 
 
 "I seem like one 
 
 Who treads alone 
 Some banquet hall deserted, 
 
 Whose lights are fled, 
 
 Whose garlands dead, 
 And all hut me departed. " 
 
 Paupers steal in and out where once was heard the 
 sound of revel, and once resided the secretary; and No. 
 1 Bond street reappears as the office of the superintend- 
 ent of the out-door pool*. As the old Rotunda, where 
 the Century was born was given over to politicians who 
 plotted and planned beneath its squatty dome, regardless 
 of ancient dignities, so No. 1 Bond street, as intimately as- 
 sociated with the inception of the Union, became a sort 
 of hive of paupers of another and more respectable sort; 
 and, oddlj' enough, both have been palled down almost 
 contemporaneously — two landmarks in the annals of club- 
 formation thus disappearing within a few weeks of each 
 other. 
 
 But to return. The old regime still maintains its su- 
 premacy -^still guards as its Elysium the portals of the 
 Union. The aristocracies since evolved have but trifling- 
 ly affected its membership, and old names are yet enumer- 
 ated in monotony of Knickerbockerism throughout its 
 now long catalogue. To the petitions of codfish and shod- 
 dy, and oil and parvenu, its ears are as deaf as ever, and 
 perhaps a little more so, as, by constitutional limitation, 
 the association can now afford to be exclusive. Of the 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
rxjoy CLUB. 63 
 
 one thousand members permitted by that document, 
 nine hundred and sixty-seven already appear upon the 
 books, leaving a possible admission of oaly thirty-three 
 more. Of course social struggles and bickerings of the 
 bitterest sort have been engendered by this exclusiveness, 
 and occasionally contemptuous snubbing by the repre- 
 sentatives of the first families, of applicants and candid- 
 ates of wealth, though of undemonstrated pedigree: it 
 being a canon and proverb of habitues that a man is to be 
 black-balled, unless he has not only a father but a grand- 
 father, and is a hidalgo in the old Castilian sense. Some 
 few deficient in grandfathers have been admitted, but 
 only with great misgivings as to precedent. 
 
 The club has had its scandals, as well as its triumphs 
 iii the occasional espousal of its daughters by foreign 
 counts. Some of its members, with that fine egotism 
 common to old blood, have taken unpleasant liberties with 
 the physiognomies of off'ending persons. One of its pres- 
 ent members once went all the way to Newport to slap 
 the face of a foreign count, who, having married his sister, 
 had had the ungentlemanly impudence to abet her ap- 
 pearing in opera at the Academj' of Music; and one 
 member of the present managing committee has had the 
 honor of breaking his walking-stick over the shoulders 
 of a prominent journalist. 
 
 To his kindness of heart be it said, the same member 
 had the forbearance, having disbursed a few hundreds for 
 the luxui-y of so using his rattan, to insist upon the 
 admission of the injured gentleman's son as a member of 
 the club; but, though a stylish young man, being only a 
 journahst, he was promptly black-balled. 
 
 Incidents like this serve to illustrate that antagonism 
 between the old regime and the new, which has for years 
 marked the internal straggles of " our best society " — 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
64 CLUBS OF XEV YVUK. 
 
 an antagonism which began with the commercial succesis 
 of men of comparatively obscure families, and has con- 
 tinued with more or less virulence for the past half a 
 century. 
 
 In old days— the times when the duello was regarded 
 as the honorable thing — the association could boast of 
 more than one member who had tried his hand at fence. 
 Eeuben Withers, whilom President of the bank of the 
 State of New York, initially a member, and Mr. Belmont, 
 have tilted in the tournament of honor. However, since 
 the duel has waxed unfashionable, the members of the 
 club are peaceful enough; though they number a pretty 
 large delegation of army and navy officers — at least 
 enough of them to have given a little of the lighting habit 
 to the association. 
 
 Though a great deal of effort was made to effect a form- 
 al organization, it was not until 1837 that the Union 
 became settled in a local habitation apart fr,:m the resi- 
 dence of its secretary, Mr. McCrackan, whose widow af- 
 terwards became Mrs. Charles O'Conor, at No. 1 Bond 
 street. At length, in that year a building on the west 
 side of Broadway, near the corner of Leonard street — 
 in fact, the second door from the corner — was secured, 
 and. the club moved into it. Here it remained three 
 years, when an attack of migratorj fever prevailed gen- 
 erally; and in 1840 it flitted, bag and baggage, across the 
 street, occupying a building owned by John Jacob Astor, 
 one door from the corner of White street, on the east 
 side. For seven years Lhis edifice constituted its local 
 habitation, but, at length, in 1847, it obeyed the prevalent 
 impulse up-town-ward, and shifted its quarters to Broad- 
 way above the then aristocratic Bleecker street. At that 
 time A. T. Stewart resided in the palatial mansion which 
 is now known as Depau Row, where, it will be remem- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
iryio-\ CLUB. 65 
 
 bered, Mr. Dickens was received and feted. This remov- 
 al placed the association in the house formerly occupied 
 as a residence by Joseph Kernochan, on Broadway, one 
 door from the Fourth street corner. The house was 
 afterward occupied by Maillard as a hotel and restaui-ant, 
 previous to his occupancy of the present premises, for- 
 merly the property of Peter Stuyvesant, and still owned 
 by the Stuyvesant family. 
 
 The club still continued to prosper and wax wealthy 
 in its new Broadway quarters, and was soon to own a pal- 
 ace as a corporate bodj', though not as a body legisla- 
 tively corporated — for, unHke the Century, it has never 
 applied for legislative sanction to be a body and hold 
 property. 
 
 In 1852 the question of building began- to be mooted. 
 The association was now worth half-a-million ; and to 
 what better use could it be put than that of acquiring 
 real estate and improving thereupon ? 
 
 In 1854 the voice of the majority prevailed, and a com- 
 mittee was appointed to secure an eligible situation, 
 and erect thereon a suitable building. The corner of 
 Fifth Avenue and Twenty-first street was fixed upon, 
 and, receiving the approval of the club, wort was imme- 
 diately begun. The result was the splendid brown-stone 
 palace on the west side of the avenue at the upper 
 corner of Twenty-first street, where the association is 
 now domiciled. 
 
 The edifice, which was erected at a cost of $250,000, 
 fronts on Twenty-first street, and is still one of the most 
 solid and imposing of that regiment of palaces, which 
 walls the Avenue from Waverly Place to the Broadway 
 junction. However, it is at present scarcely equal to the 
 wants of the club, which has over fifty employes, and 
 needs, therefore, considerable house-room. The two up- 
 
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66 CLVBS OF jYEW TOKK. 
 
 per stories are not available for club purposes, being inac- 
 cessible except by ascending the wearisome Alps of half 
 a dozen flights of stairs; and it is contemplated during 
 the present year to put in an elevator, thus assimilating 
 the building to a first-class hotel. 
 
 The new structure was completed in 1855, and the 
 club occupied it in May of that year, thus fulfilling one 
 of the primary conditions of stability — that of owning its 
 own property : so that as a coherent body the association 
 dates from 1855, and is a year or two older than the 
 Century in the capacity of a property-holder. At this 
 date, it numbered over five hundred members; but dur- 
 ing the last fifteen years of its existence it has aggregated 
 membership still more rapidly than during its first twenty 
 years of migratory and rather unsettled Bohemianism. 
 
 The Union approximates more nearly in organization 
 to the European club than any other in this country — 
 has certainly greater social coherence, and more of that 
 distinction which is peculiar to the leading London asso- 
 ciations of similar intent. Literature is scarcely repre- 
 sented at all, and journalism only by Manton jMarble, of 
 the World, whose admission was secured by the strenuous 
 determination of a gentleman who for years has been a 
 member of the directory and one of its leading spirits. 
 Having been balloted for and black-balled in the person 
 of Mr. Marble, journalism would not have been admitted 
 as eligible even, had not the gentleman indicated boldly 
 declared that not a single member more should be ad- 
 mitted until the black-balls were withdrawn, which se- 
 cured for the daily press a representation in the person 
 of one of its most talented editors; heads of other news- 
 papers, and of great dailies at that, have indeed, fared 
 worse, having been mercilessly black-balled. J. Lester 
 Wallack is the ouly leading member of the dramatic pro- 
 
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UNION CLVB. 67 
 
 fession w'ho appears on the books. La-s^' is, on the other 
 hand, fairly represented. Mayor Hall, the wit of the bar 
 (since Brady), and its humorist as well, was until recent- 
 ly a member. William M. Evarts; {he urbane, able, and 
 popular Judge Bedford (Gunning S.), the intimate of 
 James Gordon Bennett, Jr.; Judge Gar-vin; impractic- 
 able and hobby-riding, but eloquent and long celebrated 
 O'Conor; EU P. Norton, and John E. Bun-ill fill the hst 
 of legal names. Of names well known in politics, August 
 Belmont, lately President of the Democratic National 
 Committee; Samuel J. Tilden, and Peter B. Sweeny are 
 familiar as nursery legends. Ex-Collector Henry A. 
 Smythe and Ex-Mayor George Opdyke are also habitues. 
 Also, Moses H. Griunell, whose portrait in oil decorates 
 the walls of the reception-room; Isaac Bell, and Andrew 
 H. Green, whose admirable administration as Comptrol- 
 ler of the Central Park has earned for him a lasting 
 reputation as an able and efBcient public officer. Eobert 
 J. Dillon, at jDresent an officer of the Park, and probably 
 the best master of landscape gardening in this country, 
 General Viele excepted, and J. H. Lazarus, one of the 
 pet portrait-painters of Fifth Avenue, are almost the 
 sole representatives of art. 
 
 Of people familiar in the financial world, the Ust num- 
 bers such as August Belmont, John J. Cisco, Henry 
 Clews, A. T. Stewart, John Jacob Astor, and others 
 whose names may be hunted out from the catalogue 
 without special indication. In fact, financiers are the 
 strength of the club, though in the person of the Baron 
 C. E. Osten Sacken it can boast of at least one titled 
 representative. There are seven Livingstons, six Gris- 
 wolds, and four Appletons — one of them, Daniel S., of 
 the publishing firm of the Appletons — connected with 
 the association. William H. Paine, President of the 
 
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00 CLUBS OF NM!W YORK. 
 
 Washington Club, Paris, whose wife and daughter will 
 be recollected in fashion annals as being the guests of 
 the Empress Eugenie at Compeigne in the summer of 
 1870, is one of the leading spirits of the club, and had 
 that same summer the honor of refusing a titled son-in- 
 law in the person of an Italian count. 
 
 The club has had its d'esagremens, as most clubs have; 
 and in the summer and fall of 1871, when the great anti- 
 Tammany crusade was at its height, an event occurred 
 which was not easy to settle. Mayor Hall having been 
 rouAd-ly assailed by the Times, certain members, not a 
 few in number by the way, became impressed with the 
 notion that the interests of the club demanded his with- 
 drawal, in default of which expulsion was mooted. But 
 here intervened a difficulty. To have been libeled in a 
 newspaper was not exactly synonymous with conduct 
 unbecoming a gentleman; and it was thus questionable 
 whether there existed any constitutional right to expel. 
 It was barely possible, too, that, in event of arbitrary 
 proceedings, the libeled Mayor might see fit to protect 
 his rights with an injuriction. However, the knot was 
 at last very generously cut by Mayor Hall in a note of 
 resignation addressed to the directorj', but not until 
 considerable angry discussion had taken place between 
 the partisans of either cause. 
 
 Than Lester "vVallack, of the Union Club, the gay, gal- 
 lant, and fastidious farceur of the drama, and Edwin 
 Booth, the lion of the Lotos and a member of the Cen- 
 tury, a stronger contrast could not be imagined. Wal- 
 laek — and he is the same Wallack on the stage or off — is 
 thoroughly penetrated with the spirit of the old satirical 
 and comedy masters. He is a brilliant and polished Gil 
 Bias, who adventures for the fun of it, farces himself as 
 a glass to see humanity in, and thinks he sees humanity 
 
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u^■IO^' CLcn. -69 
 
 in it, whereas he only sees a single side of it. He is not 
 a cynic, because even undei" the farce of living his acute 
 sensibilities detect the tragedy; nor is he a man to be 
 smitten with visionary projects of refoi-m, because in the 
 tragedy of living, with all its awful sublimity, all its ter- 
 rible earnestness, all its infinite struggling after the true 
 and the real, his keen scent of the ridiculous snuffs the 
 odor of a comedy strangely intermixed with the serious- 
 ness. Hence, he lives (as he acts) the briUiant farceur 
 of the Sheridan type, and his theatre, taking its individ- 
 uality from him, represents the comedy of the Sheridan 
 age — a comedy that by no means dips into the deeps of 
 human nature, even on the humorous side, as did that 
 of Shakesjpeare, with a humor akin to tears, but rather 
 skims the surface and personifies society foibles and the 
 whims and eccentricities of an age — a comedy that is 
 rather witty than humorous, rather clever than natural 
 in its situations — a comedj' with a kind of relation to 
 folly as it flies, not to human life as it is. This comedy 
 of manners, not of man, Mr. Wallack represents. By 
 courtesy it inay be termed comedy, but in elementary 
 analysis it is farce; and it is to be regxetted that, taking 
 their cue from the popularity of dramas of this type, 
 young writers like Mr. Bronson C. Howard, who is really 
 able, should not have attempted something deeper and 
 more abiding. 
 
 In person, Mr. Wallack is a fine example of physical 
 manhood, or rather, of physical aristocracy; in manners 
 a polished gentleman, with a flavor of the farcical and 
 sarcastic in address and conversation. A face and head 
 of extremely patrician type, massive yet delicate, rest 
 upon broad and massive shoulders, and complete a tout 
 ensemble which, for elegance and grace, is not exceeded 
 on the Avenue, and which unites felicitously the distinc- 
 
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70 CLVBS OF XEW YORK. 
 
 tion and quietude of the patrician with an individuality 
 now regarded as almost incompatible with good breed- 
 ing, the Paris code of which insists that a gentleman 
 should have no angles about him. 
 
 Edwin Booth — to complete the contrast — is a man of 
 Hawthorne type. Naturally taciturn, slightly sardonic, 
 acute, and somewhat imaginative, in his better moods 
 he is Hamlet; in his bitter, lago. A man who can live 
 tragedy as well as play it, there is, as with Wallack, a 
 peculiar sympathy of his stage individuality with that of his 
 real life. No man, however conventional in hia art at 
 times he may be, has ever caught and interpreted the 
 mood of Hamlet's soliloquy as Edwin Booth has. Not 
 Bogumil Davison, without superior as Lear and the 
 greatest tragedian New York has listened to for the past 
 ten years or twelve years, equals Booth in this particular; 
 and would the latter but break loose from the conven- 
 tional, adherence to which renders him a consummate 
 artist in a somewhat imperfect style of art, and give his 
 individuality freer play, he might take his place among 
 the great Shakesperian masters of the age, instead of 
 figuring ephemerally as the lion of the ladies — for the 
 conventional and traditional dicta of a criticism, founded 
 solely upon observation of previous models, hamper his 
 really fine and original powers. 
 
 In person, Mr. Booth is about five-feet-eight and 
 rather slender, with the student's stoop. Lacking vital- 
 ity in himself, his dramatic creations have a similar lack, 
 and are thus spectr.il and rather unsympathetic: un- 
 vitalized phantoms of Shakespearian originals. In man- 
 ners, a thorough gentleman, and very quiet, dreamy, and 
 taciturn, though full of kindliness. 
 
 In Judge Bedford, who must not be forgotten in 
 speaking of the lions of the Union, you have a fine exam- 
 
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IWIOSf CLUB. 71 
 
 pie of the man who, with all the exclusiveness of the old 
 regime, and its high sense of honor and of noblesse oblige, 
 has outgrown its unprogressive traditions. A man of 
 the vital-moral type one might term him; of keen, com- 
 prehensive intellect and quick sympathies, vividly feeling 
 the pulses of the humanity about him; yet with a high 
 moral sense, giving judicial balance to his opinions, and 
 peculiarly fitting him for the administration of justice. 
 
 In person, Judge Bedford is about five-feet-sis, of 
 Saxon type of physique. His face indicates a rare union 
 of strength with emotion, of firmness and fine sensibili- 
 ties — qualities which, in the difficult position of City 
 Judge, his conduct has thoroughly exemplified. Of frank, 
 pleasant address, genial and companionable, always in 
 earnest, yet wholly unafi^ected in his earnestness, Judge 
 Bedford is naturally one of the pets of the club. 
 
 Army and navy members are not liable to annual dues, 
 and enjoy sp>ecial privileges. The army contributes to 
 membership in the way of generals and lesser dignitaries 
 the subjoined: Ulysses S. Grant, P. St. George Cooke, 
 John H. Coster, Samuel W. Crawford, George W. Cullum, 
 "WilliaTn B. Hazen, Eufus Ingalls, Julian McAUister, 
 Albert J. Meyer, John G. Parke, Jared L. Kathbone, 
 Isaac U. D. Reeve, Justus Steinberger, Howard Stockton, 
 Z. B. Tower, and Stewart Van Yliet. 
 
 The navy is represented by James B. Breese (lately 
 deceased), James Alden, Charles H. Baldwin, Edward C. 
 Gratton, James Glynn, William C. Le Eoy, Henry 0. 
 Mayo, Aulick Palmer, Thomas M. Potter, L. M. PoweU, 
 James E. Tolfell, and John H. Wright. 
 
 The Union is governed somewhat less than the Century 
 in some respects, and somewhat more ;n others. Incor- 
 porated, of course its property is vested in trustees. 
 The goverment is conducted by a committee of twenty- 
 
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72 CLUBS OF i\'E\\ TOBK. 
 
 four members, who elect President, Vice President, Sec- 
 retary, and Treasurer, appoint the superintendents and 
 clerks, and prescribe the duties of servants. This com- 
 mittee appoints a sub-committee of five, to direct and 
 control expenses, receive and consider complaints, and 
 report upon any communications addressed to it by mem- 
 bers, officials, or servants. The committee of twenty-four 
 meets on the first Wednesday of every month, August 
 excepted, at eight o'clock P. M. , its business being the 
 election of members, who are not voted upon bj' the club 
 at large. A member of the committee cannot propose 
 or second a candidate, but can only vote on names pro- 
 posed and seconded by members at large. The sub-com- 
 mittee meets weekly, that is, on Monday evenings. The 
 management of the club, the regulation of prices, the 
 auditing of account, redress of complaints, and dismissal 
 of employes, when necessary, are among its practical 
 duties. 
 
 Admissions to the club are very strictly regulated. 
 Non-member residents in or within fifty mlle3 of the city 
 can be admitted only to the private dining-rooms. By 
 invitation of a member, a gentleman may be the guest of 
 the club, and have the use of it for two weeks, but no 
 member can have more than one guest at a time. Upon 
 written assent of a member of the committee, the invi- 
 tation may be extended two weeks, or may be repeated 
 if the stranger has been absent from the city three 
 months. Names and residences of guests, and of mem- 
 bers introducing, must be recorded, and hosts are held 
 responsible for their guests. The entertainment of mem- 
 bers of the diplomatic corps, the election as visitors of 
 officers of the army and navy, and the fixing of penalties 
 for violation of the rules, as well as the responsibility of 
 admission and expulsion, are lodged with the committee. 
 
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UNION CLUB. 73 
 
 Accounts are kept with members, but when the liability 
 of any member exceeds twenty-five dollars, it becomes 
 the duty of the clerji to notify him and demand payment. 
 If payment is not made within three weeks after the date 
 of the notification, the member so notified is regarded 
 as having forfeited his membership, and is dropped from 
 the books. The association is governed by excellent 
 rules. In the first place, any member making a profit from 
 the club, is liable to summary expulsion. If a member fails 
 to pay the yearly due of seventy-five dollars within three 
 months after the first of May, when it is due, he ceases 
 to be a member; and the club is not entitled to make a 
 profit exceeding twenty-five per cent, on articles dis- 
 pensed, that is, on wines, cigars, and edibles, served in 
 the restaurant, or at the private dining-rooms. Servants 
 and employes are not permitted to receive fees, and an 
 employe thus receiving is summarily dismissed, while any 
 member feeing an employe is liable to be reprimanded, 
 suspended, or even expelled. Leading hotels and res- 
 taurants, please copy: and gentlemen at hotels and res- 
 tautants, please remember that high social authority dis- 
 countenances the practice of feeing, as unworthy of the 
 dignity of the complete gentleman. Again, a member may 
 be expeUed for social conduct unbecoming a gentleman 
 and prejudicial to the interests of the club, as well as for 
 offences under the jurisdiction of the formal rules — which 
 renders membership, in some respects, an obhgation to 
 good morals and upright private conduct. 
 
 Games are not prohibited; but whist, all-fours, ecarte, 
 bezique, cribbage, euchre and billiards are the only 
 games allowed, and stakes must, in no instance, exceed 
 twenty dollars. A splendid billiard room, a reading 
 room, and a library belong to the appurtenances of the 
 club, but it has no gallery of art, and owns verj' few 
 
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74 CLUBS or NEW YOBK. 
 
 paintings, engravingfs, and bits of statuary — scarcely 
 enough, in fact, for the proper decoration of the walls of 
 its different apartments, which are rather too bare for taste. 
 The club has never, as a body, given more than a 
 couple of dinners to celebrities. The son of Jerome Bona- 
 parte, familiarly nick-named the Prince Plon-Pl<m, was, 
 during a visit to this countiry, the recipient of its hospi- 
 talities. Members can, under given limitations, give din- 
 ners at the club to persons of social or political distinc- 
 tion. Of this kind was the dinner given in honor of Mr. 
 Ashbury, victor in the late ocean race over James Gordon 
 Bennett, Jr. The club, however, holds itself in no way 
 oiScially responsible for these ovations, except to take pre- 
 cautions that disreputable parties are not introduced, over 
 which a careful supervision is maintained by the committee. 
 The initiation fee is two hundred dollars; and the an- 
 nual dues being seventy-five dollars, the income from the 
 latter source alone is about seventy thousand : from initi- 
 ations, profits, and the like, about thirty thousand more. 
 There are now eleven absent members, whose annual dues 
 are suspended, to wit : Robert Birney, James Comte, 
 James Drake, William Liddendale, Charles Melitta, 
 Jotham Post, 0. G. H. Schlotner, G. E. Townsend, Wil- 
 liam XJrquhart, Alfred D. Withers, and Le Eugene Vail. 
 There are two life members, to wit: Jonathan Mere- 
 dith, and Edward N. Perkins. Life members form a rank 
 of honor, and are elected from the ordinary membership 
 as a mark of appreciation, by the club. They are exempt 
 from the payment of the regular dues. The statistics of 
 membership at date stand, therefore, thus : — 
 
 Full members 927 
 
 Army and Davy members 28 
 
 Absent 10 
 
 Life members 2 
 
 Total 967 
 
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uyio.y CLUB. 75 
 
 The completed list of jjaying members inoludea names 
 of ■wealth and of aucient standing almost in monotony. 
 Some few new names, which have, more recently, come to 
 the surface socially, are interlarded ; but, in general, no 
 one without a coat of arms is eligible. 
 LIST OF SIEMBERS. 
 
 Abbot, J. Lloyd; Adams, John J.; Adams, Thatcher M.; Agostini, 
 Joseph; Alburtis, Edwnrd K. ; Alexander, Henry M.; Allen, George 
 C. ; Allen, George B. ; Alvord, Alwyn A. ; Ames, Adams P. ; Am- 
 midown, Henry P.; Amoiy, Georga "W. ; Amsinck, Gustav; Ander- 
 son, Henry H. ; Anderson, John F. ; Anthony, Charles L. : Anthony, 
 James L. ; Apijleton, Daniel Sidney; Appletou, Nathan; Appleton. 
 William H. ; Appletou, "William W. ; Arnold, Charles H. ; Arnold, 
 Frank B.; Asoh, Joseph J.; Asjiinivall, Lloyd; Aspinwall, William 
 Henry ; Ast-or, John J. ; Astor, William ; ■ Auchmuty, Kichard T. 
 Austen, David; Austin, William. 
 
 Babcock, Henry G. ; Babcock, Samuel D. ; Backman, Charles 
 Bailey, Nathaniel P. ; Bailey, James Muhlenberg; Baldwin, Chris- 
 topher G. ; Baldwin, George V. N. ; Baldwin, Nathan A. ; Baldwin, 
 T. B. ; Baldwin, Theodore E. ; Bangs, Nathan D. ; Banker, J.tmes 
 H. ; Banyer, Goldsborough; Barbey, Hem7/ J.; Barclay, Harrison 
 Smith; Barclay, Henry A.; Barger, Samuel P.; Barker, Fordyce; 
 Barlow, Samuel L. M.; Barnes, Charles; Barney, Danford N. ; 
 Barreda, Francis L. ; Barrow, John W. ; Barry, Horace M. ; Bartholo- 
 mew, J. 0.; Bartlett, Prank; Baxter, Henry H.; Bayard, James A.; 
 Bayard, James A., Jr. ; Bayley, James E. ; Beadel, Henry; Beckwith, 
 Nelson M. ; Bedford, Gunning S., Jr. ; Beecher, John S. ; Beecknian, 
 Gilbert L.; Beekman, James H. ; Bell, Edward B.; Bell, George; 
 Bell, Isaac; Bell, Isaac, Jr. ; Belmont, August; Bend, George H. ; 
 Benkard, James ; Berdell, Robert H. ; Berdell, Theodore ; Beresford, 
 John G. ; Berryman, Charles H. ; Berthoud, Frederick; Bickley, 
 Howell Wharton; Biddle, Edward J. ; Biddle, Hemy W. ; Bininger, 
 Abraham; Bishop, David W. ; Bishop, T. Alston; BisseU, George H. ; 
 Blake, Arthur W.; Blake, Charles F. ; Blake, Stanton; Blatchford, 
 Richard M. ; Blatchford, Samuel; Bliss, George; Blodgett, Daniel C. ; 
 Blodgett, William T. ; Blood, Henry; Bond, Frank S. ; Bond, Wil- 
 liam; Booraem, Hugh Toler; Booth, D. A. ; Bors, Christian; Borrowe, 
 Samuel; Bowdoin, George S. ; Bowen, Henry B. ; Boyd, Hugh C. ; 
 Bradford, John H. ; Braem, Henry M. ; Brevoort, Henry W. ; Bridge, 
 
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76 CLUBS OF NMW YORK. 
 
 John; Brodhead, John Eomeyn; Bronson, Isaac; Broiison, Kobert 
 D. ; Bronson, Willett; Brown, Clarence S.; Brown, Francis G. ; 
 Brown, Lewis M. ; Brown, Thomas E. ; Brown, Vernon H. ; Bruce. 
 David W. ; Brugiere, Jules E. ; Brush, Stephen; Bryce, James; 
 Buoldey, Thomas C. T. ; Bull, Isaac M. ; Bull, Wm. Lanman; Bulkley, 
 Edward H. ; Bunker, William E. ; Burden, I. Townsend ; Burden, 
 James A. ; Burnham, Gordon W. ; Burns, Walter Hayes ; Burns, 
 William C. ; Burnside, Ambrose E. ; Burrill, Charles D. ; Burrill, 
 John E ., Jr. ; Busk, Joseph E. ; Butler, William A.; Butterworth, 
 Samuel P. ; Butterfleld, Daniel. 
 
 Cadwalader, John L. ; Caldwell, W. S. ; Calhoun, Phijo C. ; Cam- 
 blos, Henry S. ; Campbell, John; Campell, E. L. ; Games, Lewis M. ; 
 Carpenter, Edwaid P.; Cary, William P.; Cary, William P., Ji-. ; 
 Cater, Aymar; Catlin, Charles M. ; Catlin, N. W. Stuyvesant; Centre, 
 Eobert; Chanter, J. Winthrop; Chapman, Henry G. ; Chauncey, 
 Frederick A. ; Chickering, Charles F. ; Church, Eichard; Church, 
 Walters.; Cisco, John Jay; Clarke, George C. ; Clarke, Luther C. ; 
 Clarke, William M. ; Clason, Augustus ; Clason, Augustus W. ; Clen- 
 denin, James W. ; Clews, Henry; Clift, Smith- Clymer, E. M.; Coffin, 
 Julian R. ; Coggill, Frederick W. ; Colburn, George C; Coleman, 
 William T. ; Collins, Charles B. ; Colt, Eobert 0. ; Constable, William; 
 Constable, William, Jr.; Cooper, Johnson D. ; Cooper, Edward; 
 Cooper, Heniy W. ; Cooper, William B. ; Corse, Israel; Cowdrey, 
 Nathaniel A. ; Cowles, Edward P. ; Cox, James P. ; Cozzens, Edward 
 C. ; Craig, Benjamin D. K. ; Crane, John J. ; Crawford, David, Jr. ; 
 Crerar, John ; Crocker, Augustus ; Crocker, Henry H. ; Cross, John 
 Walter; Cross, Eichard J.; Cruger, Stephen Van-Eensselaer; Cryder, 
 Duncan; Cryder, Edward; Cummins, Thomas A. ; CurroU, William; 
 .Curtis, Benjamin L. ; Curtis, Isl. B. ; Curtis, William E. ; Cushing, 
 Thomas P.; Cutting, Heyward; Cutting, James D'W. ; Cutting, 
 Eobert L. ; Cutting, Robert L., Jr. ; Cutting, Walter L. ; Cutting, 
 William. 
 
 Da Costa, Charles M. ; Dale, J. G. ; Dana, Benjamin; Dana, Charles; 
 Dash, John B. ; Davies, Eobert K. ; Davis, Thomas E. ; Davis, 0. 
 Wilson; Dayton, Isaac; Dean, John; D'Hauteville, F. S. G. ; Dela- 
 field, Edward; Delafield, Lewis, L. ; Delafield, Maturin L. ; Dela.o, 
 Edward; Delano, Franklin H. ; DeNeufville, Jacob; Denison, George; 
 De Visser, Simon; D'Wolf, William B. ; Dibble, Edward D. ; Dicker- 
 son, Edward N. ; Dickinson, Howard C. ; Dickinson, John B. ; Dillon, 
 Eobert J. ; Dodge, Charles C. ; Dolan, Henry ; Dorr, George B. ; Dorr, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
VNIOX CLUB. J 'J 
 
 Samuel; Douglas, James; Douglas, William P.; Dovvs, David; Duer, 
 Denning; Duer, Edward A.; Duer, "William; Duer, William A.; 
 Dunbar, James M. ; Duncan, Alexander; Duncan, David; Duncan, 
 Henry P. ; Duncan, William Butler; Durant, Charles W. ; Dutilh, 
 Eugene; Dwight, Daniel A. 
 
 Eaton, D. Cady; Edgar, Daniel M. ; Edwards, Ogdeu E. ; Egleston, 
 William C; Elliott, George T., Jr. ; Ellis, Mathias; Emmet, Kichard 
 S. ; Eudicott, William ; Evans, Cadwalader ; Evans, Prank H. ; Evans, 
 Manlius G. ; Evarts, William M. ; Eyre, Henry. 
 
 Fahnestook, Harris, G. ; Panshawe, George A. ; Panshawe, Henry 
 A.; Pargo, William G. ; Parish, John T. ; Parnum, George B. ; 
 Parnum, William W. ; Pearing, Charles F. ; Fearing, Charles N. ; 
 Fearing, Daniel B. ; Pearing, George K. ; Pearing, Henry S. ; Pearing, 
 William H. ; Fellowes, Cornelius, Jr.; Furgusson, Robert C. ; Pes- 
 senden, Charles B. ; Fesser, Edward; Field, Franklin; Field, Maun- 
 sell B. ; Fitzhugh, Henry ; Fischer, Charles P. ; Pitzhugh, William A. ; 
 Flint, Austin, Jr.; Florance, William; Poote, Thomas M. ; Forbes, 
 Paul S. ; Forrest, Charles B. ; Forrest, George J. ; Forrest, Molton 
 H. ; Forsyth, Kussell; Foster, J. P. Giraud; Poster, William; Fowler, 
 John, Jr.; Pranklyn, Charles G. ; Freeborn, William; French, S. 
 Barton; Pryer, Greville E. 
 
 Gaillard, Joseph, Jr.; Gandy, Sheppard; Gardner, John E,,; Gar- 
 land, JohnE. ; Garner, James G. ; Garrison, William R.; Garvin, 
 Samuel B.; Gebhard, William H. ; Genet, George C. ; Gerard, James 
 W., Jr.; Gillilan, Hercules E.; Gilman, Arthur; Goddard, K. H. J.; 
 Goodwin, James J. ; Goold, Edmond L.; Gordon, George; Gordon, 
 Eobert; Gourlie, John H. ; Gracie, Charles King; Grafton, John 
 Gurley; Grafton, Joseph; Graham, William H. J.; Graham, William 
 Irving; Grain, Frances H. ; Grant, E. Suydam; Graves, Arthur B. ; 
 Gray, George Griswold; Gray, Henry Winthrop; Green, Andrew H.; 
 Green, Charles E. ; Green, Edward H. ; Green, George T. ; Greene, 
 Martin E. ; Greenleaf, A. Warren ; Grinnell, George B. ; Grinnell, 
 Moses H. ; Grinnell, William F. ; Griswold, Almon W. ; Griswold, 
 Burr W. ; Griswold, George; Griswold, James C. ; Griswold, J. N. 
 Alsop; Griswold, William; Grymes, C. Alfred; Guion, William H. ; 
 Gunari, Pantoleon; Gurnee, Walter S. 
 
 Habicht, C.Edward; Hadden, John A. ; Haight, D. Henry; Haight, 
 David L.; Hall, George W. ; Hall, John H.; Hall, Peleg; HaU, Wil- 
 liam P.; Halsey, William L. ; Hamersley, A. Gordon; Hamersley, 
 John W. ; Hamersley, Lewis C. ; Hamilton, Alexander, Jr.; Hamilton, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
78 CLUBS or Nj<;w yohk. 
 
 James Augustus; Harris, Townsend; Hartly, William M. B. ; Harvey, 
 Alexander "W. ; Haskell, Thomas H. ; Haswell, Charles H. ; Haven, 
 G. Griswold; Haven, J. Woodward; Hawley, Daniel E. ; Hawley, E. 
 Judson; Hayward, James Waldemar: Heard, Albert F. ; Heard, Jolm; 
 Heckscher, John G. ; Hendricks, Joshua; Heinemann, Emil; Henry, 
 Morris H.; Herbert, George F. ; Heslop, Joseph Stitt; Hewitt, Abram 
 S. ; Higgins, EliasS. ; Hoffman, Charles Burrall; Hoffman, Lindley 
 Murray; Hoffman, William B. ; Holladay, B. ; Holland, Thomas; 
 Hone, Charles R. ; Hone, Bobert S. ; Howes, Reuben W. ; Howlaud, 
 Gardner G. ; Howlaud, Meredith; Hoyt, Goold; Hoyt, Henry S. ; 
 Hunnewell, HoUis; Hunt, Wilson G. ; Hunter, John; Hurlbut, 
 Henry A. ; Hurst, Francis W. J. ; Hutton, B. Henry; Hyde, Henry B. 
 
 Ireland, Andrew L. ; Ireland, John B. ; Irving, Richard, Jr. ; Ise- 
 lin, Adrian; Iselin, Adi'ian, Jr. 
 
 Jackson, Charies Carroll; Jafiray, William P.; James, D. Willis; 
 James, Frederick P. ; Jenkins, Moses B. ; Jerome, Lawrence E. ; Je- 
 rome, Leonard W. ; Johnson, Bradish; Johnson, Francis L. ; John- 
 son, George W. ; Johnson, Hezron A. ; Johnson, Theodore; Johusou, 
 Wil.iam M. ; Jones, David; Jone;, Edward K. ; Jones, Frederick M. ; 
 Jones, Frederick K. ; Jones, H. Le BiOy; Jones, John D. ; Justh, 
 Emil. 
 
 Kane, De Laucy; Kane, De Lancy Astor; Kane, J. Grenville; 
 Kane, Walter L. ; Kane, William H. ; Kellogg, George G. ; Kennard, 
 Thomas W. ; Kennedy, John S. ; Kernochan, James P. ; ICeteltas, 
 Eugene; Keteltas, Eugene M. ; Keteltas, Henry; Keteltas, John 
 Gardner; Kimber, Arthur; King, A, Gracie; King, J. Howard; 
 King, JohnL. ; King, Oliver Kane; Kingsland, Ambrose C. ; Kings- 
 land, Ambrose 0., Jr.; Kingsland, George L. ; Kingsland, William 
 M. ; Kip, Lawrence; Kirkland, Charles P.; Kirkland. William E. ; 
 Knap, Charles; Knapp, Gideon L. ; Kuapp, William K. 
 
 Laight, William E. ; Lamb, David; Lambard, Charles A.; Lam- 
 sou, Charles; Landon, Charles G. ; Lane, Smith E. ; Lanier, Charles; 
 Lansing, Arthur B. ; Lapsley, Howard; Lathrop, Alfred G. ; Lathrop; 
 Francis S. ; Lawrauce, Francis C. ; Lawrence, A. Gallatin; Lawrence, 
 A. P., Jr.; Lawrence, Frederick N. ; Lawrence, James G. King; 
 Lawrence, William Beach; Lazarus, J. H. ; Lazarus, Moses; Learned, 
 Edward; Leary, Arthur; Leary, Daniel D. ; Leavitt, Henry S. ; 
 Leavitt, Henry Y. ; Lee, Benjamin F., Jr.; Lee, David B. ; Lee, 
 JohnB. ; Lee, John Lawrence ; Leroy, Herman E.; Leverich, Charles 
 P.; Leverich, Edward; Lewis, George M. ; Linder, Joseph; LitteU, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
UJVIOJY CLUB. 79 
 
 Eialin T. ; LiTingston, Carroll ; LiYingston, James Boggs ; Living- 
 ston, Joseph; LiTingston, Lewis H., Jr.; Livingston, Robert C. ; 
 Livingston. Eobert J.; Livingston, Van Brugh; Lockwood, Alfred; 
 Lord, Henry C; Lorillard, George L. ; Lorillard, Jacob; Lorillard, 
 Louis L. ; Lorillard, Pierre; Lorut, Louis; Low, James; Lowery, 
 John A. ; Luling, Charles. 
 
 MacFarland, William W.; MacKay, 'William; Macomb, Alexander 
 S. ; Maitland, Robert; Mali, Henry W. T.; Manice, Edward A.; 
 Manies, William D. P.; Manley, Reuben; Marble, Mauton; March, 
 John P. ; Marie, Peter; Marsh, John A. ; Marshall, Charles H. ; Mars- 
 ton, Charles E. ; Marston, William H. ; Slartin, Isaac P. ; Masten, 
 Joseph G. ; Mauran, Joseph; Maxwell, George L. ; Maxwell, James 
 E. ; Maxwell, John D. ; McAllister, Ward; MoCready, Nathaniel L.; 
 Mcllvaine, A. Emerson; Mcllvaine, Reed; Mcintosh, John E.; 
 McJimsey, Joseph M. ; MoKean, Thomas; McKim, Robert V.; Mc- 
 Lane, Allen; McLean, James M. ; Mo Vicar, WiUiam H. ; Mehafiy, 
 J. B. McPherson; Melcher, John L. ; Meyer, Frederick W. ; Meyer, 
 Henry; Meyer, Thomas G. ; Milbank, Samuel W. ; Miller, A. F. ; 
 Miller, Edmund H. ; Miller, Frederick A. ; Miller, George M. ; Mil- 
 ler, George N. ; Milnor, Charles E. ; Milton, WiUiam F. ; Minturn, 
 Edward; Mitander, Nils; Mitchell, Alexander; Moke, George; Mon- 
 son, Alonzo C. ; Monson, Marcena; Montague, D. P.; Moutant, Al- 
 phonse P. ; Moore, Jacob Bridgway; Moore, T. W. C. ; Moran, Dan- 
 iel Comyn; Morell, Edward; MorsU, George W. ; Morgan, Charles; 
 Morgan, Heni-y T. ; Morgan, J. Pierpont; Morgan, William D. ; 
 Morris, A. Newbold; Morris, Coles; Morris, Gerard W. ; Morris, 
 John B. ; Morton, Levi p.; Mott, John B.; Mott, William F., Jr.; 
 Moulson, John; Mount, Richard E., Jr.; Mowry, Sylvester; Munn, 
 O. D.; Mnnroe, E. S. ; Murdofk, Uriel A.; Murray, AVilliam S. ; 
 Myers, T. Bailey. 
 
 Nathan, Frederick; Nathan, Robert W. ; Neill, Edward M. ; Neill, 
 J. De Lancy; Newhall, Gilbert H.; Newton, Isaac W. ; Nicholas, 
 Harry I.; Norrie, Gordon; Norris, WiUiam; Norton, Eli P.; Noyes, 
 Samuel M. 
 
 Oakley, H. Cruger; O'Conor, Charles; Oelriehs, Henry; O'Fallan, 
 James J.; Ogden, Alfred; Ogden, Charles H. ; Opdyke, George; Os- 
 born, John J.; Osbom. Percival; Osgood, Franklin; Osgood, George 
 A. ; Osgood, William H. ; Osteii Sacken, Baron Charles R. ; Otis, 
 Prank A. 
 
 Paine, John; Paine, William H. ; Palmer, George H. ; Parish, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
So CLUBS OF NEW YUliK. 
 
 George; Parker, Ilarleston: Parker, James V.; Parsons, Edwin; 
 Parsons, L. ; Parsons, William; Paj'son, Charles; Payson, Francis; 
 Pearsall, Thomas W. ; Pell, Alfred; Penniman, George H. ; Penni- 
 man, Charles E. ; Penniman, James F. ; Penniman, Samnel J. ; Pen- 
 niston, James A.; Perkins, Charles L.; Phelps, Eoyal; Phihps, 
 John C. ; Phillijjs, Ar'thur Edward; Phoenix, Lloyd; Phoenix, Phil- 
 lips; Phoenix, S. Whitney; Pierrepont, Edwards; Piatt, James N.; 
 Plock, Otto; Porter, Timothy H.; Post, Charles A.; Post, Edward 
 C. ; Post, Edwin A. ; Post, George B. ; Potter, Edward E. ; Potter, 
 Robert B. ; Potter, William A.; Potts, George C. ; Prime, Frederick, 
 Jr.; Prime, Enfus; Prince, John D. ; Proudfit, James 0.; Pruyn, 
 John V. L. : Purdy, John E. 
 
 Quintard, George W. 
 
 Eandolph, Edmond Dutilh; Eawle, William H. ; Eedmond, Gonld 
 H. ;Eedmond, Eoland, Jr. ; Eedmond, Rowland; Eedmond, Wil- 
 liam, Jr.; Eeed, Edgar; Eeed, Isaac H. ; Eeed, John H. ; Remsen, 
 Phoenix; Remsen, Robert G. ; Remsen, William E. ; Eenwick, Wil- 
 liam E. ; Eeynolds, Augustus W. ; Eeynolds, W. H. ; Eiach, Alex- 
 ander F.; Eice, William B. ; Eichardson, J. G. ; Eichmond, Henry 
 A.; Eiggs, Elisha; Eobb, James; Eobb, James H. ; Robbins, George 
 A.; Robbinst, S. Howiand; Robert, Christopher R., Jr.; Robert, 
 Frederick ; Robert, Howell W. ; Roberts, Isaac K. ; Roberts, Mar- 
 fhall 0.; Robinson, Beverly, Jr.; Robinson. Douglas; Robinson, 
 Edmond Eandolph; Eobinson, John A. ; Eoelofson, William P. ; 
 Eogers, N. Pendleton; Eoome, Charles; Roosevelt, Henry L. ; Eos", 
 William B. ; Eouth, H. De Beau voir ; Russell, Charles H. ; Eussell, 
 Harry; EusseU, Henry G. ; Eussell, Jonathan. 
 
 Sage, Eussell ; Sandford, Henry S. ; Sands, Philip J. ; Sands, 
 Mablon; Sanford, Milton H. ; Sauer, Emile; Schell, Augustus; 
 Schell, Eichard; Schermerhorn, Frederick Augustus; Schermer- 
 horn, William B.; Schieffelin, George E. ; Schieffelin, William H. ; 
 Schieffelin, Charles M. ; Schuyler, George L. ; Schuyler, Philip; 
 Scott, George S. ; Scott, James; Scott, William; Seaver, William A.; 
 Seaver, Clarene3 A. ; Shaw, Edward H. ; Sheldon, Frederick; Shep- 
 ard, Oliver H. ; Sherman, Frederick ; Sherman, Gardner, Jr. ; Sher- 
 man, Isaac; Sherman, William W. ; Sherry, Charles, Jr.; Shipman, 
 Edgar I.; Siblay, Alexanler H.; Skiddy, Fr.mcis; Slidell, WiUiam 
 J. ; Sloan, Samuel; Smith, Augustus F. ; Smith, Daniel Henry; 
 Smith, Desha; Smith, E. Delafield; Smitn. Geoige; Smith, James 
 E. ; Smith, La Koch3 Jacqu.din; Smith, Murray P.; Smith, Samuel 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
UNION CLUB. "I 
 
 B. ; Smith, William Farrar; Smythe, Henry A.; Snelling, Edward 
 T. ; Snelling, Frederick G. ; Soulier, William K. ; Spear, Charles; 
 Spofford, Gardiner S. ; Spoflbrd, Joseph L. ; Spofford, Paul N.; 
 Sprague, Hem-y E. ; Sprague, Joseph A. ; Stagg, Charles T. ; Stan- 
 field, Henry; Stebbins, Charles H. ; Stebbins, Henry G. ; Stein- 
 berger, A. B. ; Stephens, Edward; Stephens, John L. ; S!:evens, 
 Byam K., Jr.; Stevens, JohnB. ; Steward, John; Steward, John, Jr. 
 Stewart, Alexander T. ; Stewart, John A. ; Stewart, William H. 
 Stimson, Edward; Stone, Joseph Foulke; Stoue, William 0. 
 Stoughton, Edwin W. ; Stout, Francis A. ; Strang, Samuel A. 
 Strong, Charles E. ; Strong, Joseph M. ; Strong, William E. ; Struth- 
 ers, Robert; Stuart, Alexander; Stuart, W. Whitewright; Sturgis. 
 Appleton ; Sturgis, Frank K. ; Stuyvesant, A. Van Home ; Stuy ve- 
 sant, Robert R. ; Suydam, Charles C. ; Suydam, Ferdinand; Swan, 
 Benjamin L., Jr.; Swan, John W. ; Swan, William Ij. ; Sweeny, 
 Peter B. 
 
 Tailer, Edward N., Jr. ; Talboys, William P. ; Talman, George F.; 
 Taylor, Moses; Taylor, Stuart M. ; Thayer, Nathan el; Thompson, 
 Charles H. ; Thomsen, Christian; Thomson, George A. ; Thomson, 
 James; Thome, Eugene; Thorne, George Winthrop; Thouvon, 
 E. A.; Tiffany, C. L.; Tilden, Samuel J. ; Tillinghast, Crawford T. ; 
 Tillinghast, Philip, Jr.; Tillotson, Gouverneur; Toler, James B. ; 
 Townsend, Edward M. ; Townsend, Effingham; Town3end, John J. ; 
 Townsend, J. Jackson; Townsend, Peter; Tracy, John F. ; Traver.:, 
 William R. ; Trudeau, Edward L. ; Tucker, John; Turnbull, Wil- 
 liam. 
 
 Ulshoeffer, William Gracie. 
 
 Vail, Henry F. ; Van Buren, Abraham; Van Buren, Singleton; 
 Van Buren, Smith T. ; Van Buren, W. H. ; Van Courtlandt, Peter 
 J. M. ; Vauderbilt, Cornelius; Vanderbilt, William H.; Vanderhoof, 
 E. W. ; Vandervoort, Peter H. ; Van Renssalaer, Philip L. ; Van 
 Renssalaer, Pnilip S., Jr.; Von Hoffman, Louis; Von Sachs, Wil- 
 liam; Vose, Francis; Vyse, Thomas A., Jr. 
 
 Wads worth, James W. ; Walbridge, D. M.; Walker, Thomas G. ; 
 Wallack, J. Lester; Ward, Edmund A.; Ward, Henry H.; Ward, 
 John E. ; Warren, George B. , Jr. ; Warren, George H. ; Warren, J. 
 Kearney; Watson, Lewis Grant; Webb, James Watson; Webb, 
 William H.; Webster, Sidney; Weed, Thurlow; Welch, D. N.; 
 V/ells, Benjamin S. ; Wells, John; Wells, Lawrence; Wendel, -1. G. ; 
 Weston, B. W. ; Weston, Theodore; Wetmoxe, George P.; Wharton, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
82 CLUBS Oi' NEW YUEK. 
 
 William F. ; Whipple, John ; Whitalrer, James K. ; Wlii taker, Thomas 
 A. ; White, Chai'les E. ; White, Edward P. ; Whitewright, William, 
 Jr.; Whitney, Stephen; Wight, Edward; WUcoxson, Martin V. E. ; 
 Wilks, Matthew; Willird, Edy/ard K. ; Williams, Coleman; Wil- 
 liams, Howell L. ; Williams, Howell L., Jr.; Williams, Stephen C. ; 
 Williamson, Eiehard, Jr. ; Wilmerding, George G. ; Wdmerding, 
 John C. ; Wilmerding, Thomas A. ; Wilson, George W. ; Wiudle, 
 James B. ; Winterhoff, Albert; Winthrop, Benjamin R. ; Winthrop, 
 Benjamin K., Jr. ; Winthrop, Charles E. ; Winthrop, Egerton L. ; 
 AVistar, Erancis; Withers, Alfred D.; Withau--, Rudolph A.; Wolff, 
 Edward; Wood, James Dennistoun; Wood, John ~D. ; Wood, Wilmer 
 Stanard; WoodhuU, Maxwell; Woodward, James T. ; Woolsey, 
 Theodoras B. ; Woolsey, Edward J., Jr.; Worrall, Thomas H. ; 
 Worth, Francis W. ; Wother.spoon, James; Wright, Edward H. ; 
 Wright, Edward M.; Wright, JohnS.; Wright, Eben. 
 Yelverton, Henry; Young, Mason; Yznaga, Juan. 
 
 The club holds its annual meeting on the evening of 
 the first Wednesday in May, at which one-third of the 
 committee are replaced with new officers. The members 
 hold three years, one-third of the terms expiring annu- 
 ally. The committee elects and expels — one black-ball 
 in ten ballots excluding, and a two-thirds vote of the 
 committee expelling. The club is thus officered : Presi- 
 dent, Hoses H. Grinnell; Vice-President, Denning Duer; 
 Treasurer, Henry L. Fearing ; Secretary, Oliver King; 
 Trustees of the Club House, John J. Astor, William 
 Edgar, John Steward ; Commissioners of the Sinking 
 Fund, George F.Talman and Denning Ducr. 
 
 The Managing Committee is thus composed : August 
 Belmont, Denning Duer, G. J. Forest, Joseph Gaillard, Jr., 
 J. Grenville Kane, Alonzo C. Monson, C. H. Ogden, Isaac 
 Bell, John Komeyn Brodhead, A. W. Clason, William 
 Cutting, Mcses H. Grinuell, Peleg Hall, Oliver K. I£ing, 
 Edwin A. Post, William H. Appleton, William Constable, 
 David Crawford, Jr., Henry L. Fearing, G. G. Gray, H. 
 R. Le Eoy, James TJ. Parker, Edward E. Potter. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
UiMOK CLUB. 83 
 
 The Sub-Corn mi tee consists of the subjoined names: 
 A. W. Clason, WiUiam Constable, Henry S. Fearing, G. 
 G. Gray, Alonzo C. Monsou. A grand dinner and re- 
 union always accompanies the annual election ; but, at 
 other times, members meet and entertain quite without 
 restraint, that is, in knots, groups, and cliques, to their 
 own satisfaction. In fact, the club has a home life not 
 incident to the more formal and less distinctively social 
 Century. Ease and freedom, within limits of courtesy, 
 are its sole operative rules. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
IV. 
 NE^A/ YORK YACHT CLUB. 
 
 CLUB-HOUSE, CLIFTON, STATES ISLAND. 
 
 With a curious sort of appropriateness, the initial 
 meeting of this club was held on board a small vessel 
 lying in New York harbor, in days when the universal 
 introduction of steam had not vitiated the force of the 
 classical quotation, 
 
 ' ' JVb5 agimuT iumidls velis, " 
 
 which has since been adopted as its motto. As far back 
 as 1844, eight years after the foundation of the Union at 
 No. 1 Bond street, three years before the formation of the 
 Century, and when the existing clubs of the city were 
 constituted by the Hone, Kent, and Union Clubs, and a 
 sort of embryo Century, half a dozen gentlemen began 
 to discuss the formation of a club for the cultivation of 
 naval science, and had several informal meetings for the 
 debating of prehminaries, on board the little vessel afore- 
 said. History names Edwin A. Stevens as one of the first 
 movers in the matter, seconded by Robert S. Hone, William 
 McVicker, and Hamilton Morton, who acted as the secre- 
 tary of the club for many onerous and struggling years. 
 Commodore Stevens has dropjDed out of the race since 
 then, and his name has been added to the mortuary roll; 
 and the rest, then in meridian manhood, are now almost 
 at its sunset, though still as enthusiastic as ever. The 
 club was not at first very successful, and numbered for 
 vears but few members. Three or four members were 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
NSW YORK iACMT CLUB. O^ 
 
 added in 1845; half-a-dozen, among them Moses H. Grin- 
 nell, in 1846 ; as many more in 1847 ; and so on, by 
 gradual accretion, until, in 1850, the merubership was 
 nearly one hundred. 
 
 During this period the association struggled bravely 
 to keep its head above water. A taste for the sjDort had 
 to be created: for wholly as a sporting club it was re- 
 garded, and men of wealth could not see that it was to 
 jDroduce any great results in naval science. Men of 
 sense, they were, too — for naval science has out-run all 
 its promoters, long since, and the naval pretensions of the 
 service, except as a training, have long since been aban- 
 doned. Still, there were those who dreamed that the 
 wind was faster than steam, and that by-and-bye the 
 world would return to its old romantic system; but the 
 world will probably disappoint them by adhering to the 
 method of Pulton. It is conceded that when steam came 
 in, the poetic phases of the matter were snuffed out. 
 There was no talking about herons of sloops and white- 
 winged ships, and the like, wings becoming quite a sec- 
 ondary consideration; and, instead, a ship at sea became 
 a sort of nondescript dragon, puffing hot breath and cin- 
 ders from its tremendous nostrils. The revolutii5n 
 wrought by steam in commercial matters, very soon ex- 
 tended to naval, and, presently, naval science no longer 
 depended uniquely upon questions of build and speed, 
 as formerly, but upon questions of heavy metal and invul- 
 nerable ribs of iron: and thus the problem which had 
 engag^ed the attention of thinkers, from Pythagoras down, 
 was solved at a single coup, or rather flanked and left 
 behind in the onward tramp of progress. 
 
 However, Congress was appealed to, and, thinking well 
 of the intent of the club, in 1848 enacted a special statute, 
 instructing the Secretary of the Navy to permit the ves- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
86 
 
 CLUBH OF .\J-:]V YOlily. 
 
 sels of the club, employed exclusively as pleasure craft, 
 and intended as models of naval form, fo be licensed on 
 terms allowing them to proceed from port to port of the 
 United States without entering or clearing at the Custom 
 House, provided said vessels should not be allowed to 
 transport goods or carry passen-jcers for pav, and the 
 owner of said vessel was required to give a bond of 
 amount prescribable by the Secretary of the Treasury 
 conditional that no unlawful trade should be engaged in, 
 and that the revenue laws of the United States should 
 in no way be violated. In case of violation, it was en- 
 acted that said vessel so violating should be liable to 
 forfeit; and so on, with many quips of legal phrase and 
 many barriers of words intended to mean something, 
 but meaning nothing whatsoever. 
 
 This act was approved August 7, 1848 — the Secretary 
 of the Navy being further instructed to prescribe the form 
 and color that should seem to him proper for signal and 
 flag of said vessels excepted from the purview of the 
 general shipping law; and owners were required at all 
 times to permit men in the employ of the United States, 
 if desirable, to copy the models of vessels in their posses- 
 sion or by them in process of construction. 
 
 A pretty long network of law, one might imagine, to 
 cover so small a matter; but law-makers, having no 
 other business than the combination of words, are prone 
 to prolixity. 
 
 Thus protected and fostered, the work of the club was 
 pressed bravely on. Given over to money making, the 
 city had fewer men of inherited wealth than at present, 
 and afforded, consequently, slender material for the sup- 
 port of an association of the intent specified. There 
 were a few old Knickerbocker families of large property 
 and cLokie far niente, to the scions of which the club 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
_VAMK YOUK YACHT CLUB. 87 
 
 appealed, and to the pockets; and thus, in its first con- 
 stitution, it was as really a resort and pet of the old 
 regime as Vi^as the Union, or then existing Hone Club. 
 
 The progress of popular taste in this direction was, 
 however, very gradual. In 1850, the whole ileet con- 
 nected with the club could be counted on one's fingers. 
 It had its regattas, but they were not the popular events 
 they have since become; its lions, too, but they were 
 popularly uncelebrated. Perhaps some part of this 
 languor was due to the popular lack of interest in the 
 matter, some to the esclusiveness of the old regime; but 
 more was due to the fact that the club could not be re- 
 garded as a success, and was still struggling for position. 
 
 A few years longer, having its annual regattas, but at- 
 tracting no great deal of attention, the association pulled 
 on steadily. Members came in as isolated stragglers, a 
 dozen or so per year, and some years net even as many 
 as that. In 1857, James Gordon Bennett, Jr., then a 
 mere stripling, was admitted to membership; but it was 
 not until 1860 that members began to join in numbers. 
 The annual regattas, always affairs of eclat and spirit 
 in their way, now began to attract more attention from 
 the newsjaapers than formerly — hence more j)opular at- 
 tention than formerly; and very soon the order went 
 forth to Jenkins to make his mark in reporting them, 
 which he did in a way less intelligibly wordy th-an that of 
 Congress in framing a law. However, Jenkins answered 
 the purjDOse — that of filling columns and making a spread 
 — and though his reports were not altogether remarkable 
 for brevity of phrase, they were at least remarkable for 
 the skill by which the writer succeeded in covering his 
 ignorance of the whole subject: for Jenkins had not then 
 tried his hand at that sort of thing, and was sadly mixed 
 in his ideas of nautical terms. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
Of CLUJiH or iMiW YOliK. 
 
 A few occasions, nevertheless, developed a set of re- 
 porters who understood the subject; and thus a way was 
 found, not only to fill space with regatta reports, but to 
 fill it intelligently, intelligibly, and with honor to all 
 parties. 
 
 The great eveat in the history of the club took pla,ce 
 in 1866-7, and was constituted by the first ocean race, in 
 which James Gordon Bennett, Jr., with the famous 
 Henrietta, Pierre Lorillard with the Vesta, and G-eorge 
 Osgood with the Fleetwing, crussed the Atlantic, and 
 after a brief but satisfactory trip demonstrated the 
 feasibility of a feat which had before been regarded as 
 impossible. The Henrietta was the winner of the race; 
 and from that date James Gordon Bennett, Jr., became 
 the lion of the club, and a lion in European circles as 
 well. There were not wanting those (when the adven- 
 turers put to sea in the cockleshells, like so many modern 
 Jasons) who predicted that they would never bo heard 
 of again; and prigs of newspaper wits, too indolent to 
 attempt original epigrams, parodied Mother Goose: 
 
 ' ' Three young men of Gotham 
 Went to sea in a bowl; 
 The bowl it broke, 
 And the men got a soak- 
 ing, all for going to sea in a bowl." 
 
 But, by-and-bye, was whijDped across the Atlantic, 
 through a nerve known as the cable, the news of the 
 arrival of the Henrietta in England; and then those who 
 had predicted, qualified by muttering thanks to a wonder- 
 ful Providence, and quoting that it was more of a hit than 
 any good wit, that the cockleshells three and contents had 
 not started on an exploring expedition to the bottom of 
 the sea. They rather regretted, too, I fancy — for prophets 
 hate to be proved in the wrong — that the contingency 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
.YJSW YOEK rACMT CLUB. 'i') 
 
 had not occurred, by way of verifying their infallibility; 
 but, as it had not, and could not be made to occur, they 
 saddled Providence with the responsibility, and declared 
 that those coeklc-shoUs three would never get back 
 again. They did get back, nevertheless, ha^ing won for 
 the club that international reputation which it has since 
 enjoyed; the three adventurous mariners were pep- 
 pered with woodcuts and biographies in the illustrated 
 papers, and with witticis-ms in engraving, moj-e or less 
 pointed, in the so-called comic journals, and overjDowered 
 with columns in the leading dailies; and since then, the 
 lightest motions of the magnates of the association have 
 been regarded as matters of news. 
 
 In the summer of 1870 the race between Mr. Bennett, 
 now owner of the Dauntless, and Mr. Ashbui-y, of the 
 Royal London Club, was undertaken. Nearly a year 
 was taken in settling the preliminaries, during which 
 some sharp discussion occurred between the principals 
 and the respective clubs they represented; but at last a 
 basis was agreed upon, after Commodore Henry G. Steb- 
 bins had exhausted a great deal of valuable erudition in 
 proving, to his own satisfaction at least, that the Ameri- 
 can was right in all the positions taken. The papers of 
 Mr. Stebbius, though appearing in the form of corres- 
 pondence, were, in fact, substantially valuable in their 
 thorough mastei'y of all the points discussed, and re- 
 flected great credit on the literary ability of the Ameri- 
 can organization. They were instrumental, too, in 
 facilitating the completion of the pending negotiations, 
 with satisfaction to the American parties interested. 
 
 "Well, Bennett was beaten, after all, and the palm of 
 supremacy was transferred to London once more, now 
 adorning the head of Mr. Ashbury; though the race is 
 not regarded, either in American or English circles, as 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
9° CLUBS OF JSEW YOltK. 
 
 haTing really settled the question of supremacy between 
 the American and the English method of building, and, 
 ere long, the world will hear of another international 
 race, by way of determining it. In fact, though Mr. 
 Ashbury was first to pass the stakeboat, Mr. Bennett 
 had out-sailed him by several hundred miles, having, for 
 reasons deemed satisfactory, adopted the longer route, 
 and a route so varying from direct that, at one date 
 pending the voyage, the two vessels were over three 
 hundred miles apart. By the adoption of this route the 
 Dauntless was defeated, and not by any superior saihng 
 on the part of the adversary; and as soon as possible, 
 no doubt, a second trial will be made, with, it is fondly 
 hoped, a different result. 
 
 The club-house of the association, bought in 1868, is 
 a villa-like structure, located at Clifton, Staten Island. 
 It has its restaurant, bar, and billiard-room, after the 
 manner of the Jerome Park club-house, and is conducted 
 under house rules varjdng in no substantial particulars 
 from those of the great city-environed clubs. 
 
 The present fleet consists of fiftjr-five vessels : thirty-six 
 schooners, fifteen sloops, and four steamers, the best known 
 of which are thus described and owned. The schooners 
 most famous are the Alarm, A. C. Kingsland, of 2,490.8 
 feet in area; tonnage, 225.3; number of crew, 30; of the 
 regulation length of 12 feet; port of New York. Alice, 
 George W. Kidd; area, 1,425.1 feet; tonnage, 83.8; crew, 
 18; required length, 12 feet; port of New York. Calyp- 
 so, A. S. Hatch; area, 1,694; tonnage, 109.7; crew, 22; 
 required length, 12 feet; port of New York. Dauntless, 
 James Gordon Bennett, Jr. ; area, 2,899; tonnage, 268; 
 crew, 37; required length, 12 feet, which is the stipidated 
 length of vessels of the class, belonging to the club; port 
 of New York. Edith, G. O. Hovey; area, 1,107.6; tou- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
XJ-JW YOMK YACHT CLUH. 0' 
 
 nage, 47.9; crew, 14; port of Boston. Eva, MaMon 
 Sands; tonnage, 1,561.8; crew, 20; port of New York. 
 
 For the rest, having habituated the reader to details 
 of specification, they may be tabulated thus: Fleet .ving, 
 George A. Osgood; 2,208.7; 206.1; 28; New York. 
 Flcur de Lis, John S. Dickerson ; 1,429.3; 92.5; 18; New 
 York. Halcyon, James R. Smith; 1,923; 121;. 25; New 
 York. Idler, Thomas C. Durant; 1,934.6; 133.5; 25 
 New York. Josephine, B. M. C. Durfee; 1,935; 143; 25 
 Fall Eiver. Julia, Crawford Allen, Jr.; 1,432.2; 85.3 
 18; Providence, E. I. Madeleine, Jacob Vorhis; 1,787 
 148.2; 22; New York. Madgie, R. F. Soper, (not mea- 
 sured,) StoningtoD, Conn. Magic, Franklin Osgood, 
 (not measured,) New York. Nettie, D. H. Follett; 
 1,540.7; 109.9; 20; Boston. Palmer, Rutherford Stuyve- 
 sant; 2,371.9; 194.2; 30; New York. Phantom, H. G. 
 Stebbins and C. H. Stebbins; 2,063.4; 123.3; 26; New 
 York. Rambler, James H. Banker, (not measured,) 
 New York. Resolute, A. S. Hatch; 110; New York. 
 Rebecca, John Heard; 1,306.5; 76.4; 17; Boston. Rest- 
 less, Phillips Phoenix; 1,478.6; 95.4; 19; New York. 
 Sappho, WiUiam Douglas; 3,254.9; 274.4; 41; Little 
 Neck, L. L Sea Drift, A. Major; 1,204; 64.3; 16; New 
 York. Silvie, E. Dodge; 1,807.8; 106.2; 23; New York. 
 Sprite, S. W. Galloupe and S. D. Nickerson, (not mea- 
 sured,) Boston. Taroliuta, H. A. Kent and H. A. Kent, 
 Jr., (not measured,) New York. Tidal Wave, "William 
 Vooi-his; 1,879; 153.5; 24; Nyack-on-tbe-Hudson. Ves- 
 ta; R. Baker, Jr.; 1,512.5; 201; 32; Boston. Widgeon, 
 C. C. Dodge and G. G. Haven; 1,616; 105.9; 21; New 
 York. Wivern, T. D. Boardman, (not measured,) 
 Boston. 
 
 The sloops in connection with the club (of which the 
 length required is ten feet) are owned and described thus: 
 
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52 CLL'BH 01'' XJ/!W rORK. 
 
 Alice, Tliomas G. Appleton, (not measured,) Boston. 
 Annie, Franklin Burgess ; 805.4 ; 26.9 ; 9 ; Boston. 
 Breeze, A. C. Kingsland, Jr.; 658.2; 25.7: 9; New York. 
 Coming, W. B. Nicol; 1,150; 53.1; 12; New York. Sal- 
 lie E. Day, N. B. Palmer; 641.2; 32.5; 7; Stonington, 
 Conn. Elaine, G. B. Durfee; 936; 37.9; 10; Pall Eiver, 
 R. I. Grade, H. W. Johnson and W. Krebs; 1,094; 
 54.5; 11: New York. Jessie, J. Van Schaick; 678.4; 
 30.9; 8; New York. Josie, R. E. Soper, Jr., (not mea- 
 sured,) Stonington, Conn. Kate, Robert Dillon; 884.3; 
 33.1; 9; New York. Narragansett, E. G. Dexter; 740.6; 
 30.2; 8; Boston. Sadie, J. B. Herrishoff; 743; 42.1; 8; 
 Bristol, R. I. Storm King, Peter Voorhis; 470.8; 21.6; 
 5; Nyack. White Cap, Ludlow Livingston; 485.3; 17.5; 
 5; Staten Island. White Wing, J. J. Astor and William 
 Astor; 1,034; 55.1; 11; New York. 
 
 The four steamers are the Emily, P. Lorillard; Minne- 
 haha, T. C. Durant; Mischief, Jacob Lorillard; and 
 Wave, J. D. Maxwell — all belonging to the port of New 
 York. 
 
 Compare this brilliant list with that of 1850, when the 
 New York Club was for the first time admitted into 
 Hunt's list, and there were only fourteen vessels of the 
 kind in America; or rather compare 1850, and its lone 
 fourteen, with the now thirty-five clubs and their fleets; 
 the sport in this country, exclusive of owners not asso- 
 ciated with clubs, standing as follows: 
 
 New York Club, James Gordon Bennett, Commodore, 
 55 vessels; Eastern Club, John Heard, Commodore, 38 
 vessels; Brooklyn Club, Jacob Voorhis, Commodore, 38 
 vessels; Atlantic, William Peet, Commodore, 26 vessels; 
 South Boston, E. S. Wright, Commodore, 22 vessels; 
 Bayonne, W. W. Duryea, Commodore, 8 vessels; Harlem 
 Club, Manhattan Club, Pensacola Club, C. L. Le Baron, 
 
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XA'ir YOEK YACHT CLUB. 93 
 
 Commocloi-e, 4 vessels; Crescent City Club, New Orlean.s; 
 Lynn Club, Mass., E. C. Neal, Comiiiodore, 35 vessels; 
 Hoboken Club, Dorchester Club, Coolidge Barnard, 
 Commodore, 48 vessels; Oceanic, Jersey City, George F. 
 Sbearman, Commodore; Jersey City Club, S. P. HiU, 
 Commodore; Cooper's Point Club, Philadelphia; Madi- 
 son Club, Madison, "Wisconsin; Bunker Hill Club, W. F. 
 Bibrien, Commodore, Boston; Oshkosh Club, Oshkosh, 
 Wisconsin; Staple ton Club, Staten Island, 10 vessels; 
 Columbia Club, New York, Mr. Noble, Commodore; 
 Flushing Club, Long Island; Franklin Club, Philadel- 
 phia; Portland Club, Maine, J. M. Churchill, Commo- 
 dore, 15 vessels; Shrewsbury Club, New Jersey; San 
 Francisco Club, California; Kensington Club, Philadel- 
 phia; lone Club, New York; Quebec Club, Canada; 
 Koyal Halifax, Nova Scotia; Sewanhaka, W. L. Levan, 
 Commodore, 12 vessels; Tom's River Club, 8 vessels; 
 Beverly Club, Boston, Edward Burgen, Commodore, 10 
 vessels. 
 
 Twelve of these clubs are contiguous to New York 
 Bay; seven have their cruising ground in Boston Bay. 
 'It is estimated by expei-ts that the vessels of the New 
 York Club must have cost nearly .$2,000,000; the fleets 
 of the whole country not less than $5,000,000 — for one 
 of these cockle-shells is an expensive thing now-a-days, a 
 Fifth Avenue residence being scarcely more so. Many 
 of them are fitted in a style of unsurpassable elegance, 
 and maintained at an -annual cost of thousands. 
 
 As a rule, says a leading journalist, they contain under 
 the quarter-deck spacious saloons in which the tallest sea- 
 man can stand erect They are almost invariably paneled 
 in ebony, maple, or like costly woods, and upholstered and 
 carpeted in velvet. Large mirrors, ample sofas, enticing 
 lounges, and inviting/oMteMi7.s form the furniture. State- 
 
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94 CLl'BS OF XHW rOT?K. 
 
 rooms, several in number, furnished in equal elegance, 
 accomodate ten or twelve giiests. Pantries, store-rooms, 
 closets, patented cooking ranges, designed especially for 
 the purpose by a firm which mates furnishing a specialty, 
 electric bells communicating between the cabin and fore- 
 castle, and latterly even gas (produced by passing a cur- 
 rent of air through a small box containing the proper 
 decomposing agents), are among the modern improve- 
 ments of the model craft of the day. And, to complete 
 all, the larder and wine-closets are usually filled with 
 food and wines fit for princes. 
 
 Indeed, a vessel of the first-class cannot be built and 
 equipped for less than $150 a ton, or about $5,000 for a 
 sloop of 35 tons, the smallest craft which can be con- 
 siructed, with due regard to comfort and convenience in 
 a cruise. Builders state that a roomy cabin, large enough 
 to accommodate the average grown person, cannot be at- 
 tained in vessels of smaller tonnage. A crew of five men 
 is necessary to man such a vessel, and these cost, during 
 the summer cruise of four months, at least $150 a month. 
 It is necessary to employ one of the crew as steward 
 during th e whole year, in order that the craft may be taken 
 care of. The expenses for food are to be added to all 
 this, so that the amusement is dearly bought. But as the 
 vessel at the same original outlay will accommodate say 
 from seven to ten guests, the cost compares not unfavora- 
 bly with expenses at a crowded hotel at the springs or 
 sea-side, and the accommodations of the tiny salon are 
 immeasurably superior to those of the hotel in the season. 
 
 These figures give only an indistinct idea of the cost 
 of larger vessels. The Henrietta was sold, after her tri- 
 umph in 1866, when quite an old vessel, having seen 
 rough service in the civil war, for $15,000. Her former 
 owner, James Gordon Bennett, Jr., immediately bought 
 
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NE^7 YORK YACHT CIjUB. 95 
 
 the Pleetwing, one of the "vessels which he had beaten in 
 the famous dead-of-winter ocean race, for $65,000, and 
 dubbed her the Dauntless. It was this magnificent vessel 
 v.'hich v,as beaten in the ocean race of 1870 by the English- 
 built Cambria, which was sold the same year for $30,000. 
 The Kesolute, owned by Mr. A. S. Hatch — the smallest 
 and one of the most elegant of the schooners of the New 
 York Club, being 110 tons burden— cost $30,000. The 
 largest schooner in the country, the Sappho of Mr. 
 Douglass, cost considerably less than this, projDortion- 
 ately. 
 
 The lion of the club, by common consent as well as by 
 right of triumphs won, boldness and devotion to the Viking 
 sport, is James Gordon Bennett, for whose portrait you are 
 to imagine a tall, slender, graceful young man, with a 
 willowy sort of motion, though rapid and nervous, and a 
 manner at once imperious, magnetic, suave and abrupt. 
 His face is of the type so familiar in the portraits of the 
 elder Bennett — a face that secretes lightning, and dis- 
 penses it too, when occasion demands. His air is that of 
 a man accustomed to be obeyed; and tbei'e is the re- 
 pressed positiveness in his manner of speaking, that al- 
 ways accompanies executive ability. Bold, daring, he is 
 not reckless: hence, his victory in the first ocean race, 
 with the least promising vessel of the three. Dresses 
 neatly, even elegantlj', but with an absence of everything 
 that tends to gaudiness; and hides a great deal of native 
 humor and quaint poetry of feeling under the domino of 
 a face marvellously controlled: but belongs to the order 
 of men of acts, not words — which accounts for his present 
 position as the foremost of the world in the noble sport. 
 As commodore of his club, he presides with dignity, and 
 conducts its sometimes divided meetings with consum- 
 mate address. 
 
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9^ CLUBS OF jTffTr YOMK. 
 
 The club liolds five general meetings everj' year, at the 
 first of which, in February, first Thursday, the annual 
 election takes place. General rules and details of organi- 
 zation are on the model of the most approved city clubs; 
 but the rules governing races, uniforms and signals, are 
 special. The signal of the club is a pointed burgee, its 
 width being two-thirds of its length; the device, a white 
 five-pointed .star in the centre of two red stripes, which 
 are of one-fifth the length of the signal, one running- 
 lengthwise through the middle, the other crosswise, at 
 one-third of the length from the head — all on a blue field. 
 The commodore, when afloat, sports a broad pendant 
 with a naval emblem and thirteen five-pointed stars in 
 white, on a blue field; vice-commodore, same device, on a 
 red field; rear-commodore, same device, but in red, on a 
 white field; acting-commodore, broad pennant, blue field, 
 without device. The code of signals adopted by the club 
 is "Rogers' Commercial Code of Signals for the Use of all 
 Nations," with supplemental code specially adapted to 
 the purposes of the association. Any member soiling his 
 vessel must give notice to the secretary; and the annual 
 I'egatta is prescribed for the month of June, at a day to 
 be determined at the first annual meeting. The model 
 of any vessel entered for a regatta becomes the property 
 of -the club, and no person other than a naval construc- 
 tor in the service of the United States can copy from it. 
 
 In 1865, the club was incorporated. The uniform con- 
 sists of full-dress and undress. The full-dress coat is 
 frock, of navy blue cloth, faced with same, with lining of 
 silk serge; double-breasted, with two rows of the largest 
 club buttons, nine in a row; skirts with one large button 
 on either hip, and one near the bottom of either fold; 
 cuffs to be closed and deep. Pantaloons are of navy blue 
 or white drill; vest of white drill, single-breasted, with 
 
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NEW YORK YACHT CLUB. 97 
 
 standing collar, buttoning- high, -with nine small buttons. 
 Necktie of black silk. Cap of navy blue cloth, of pre- 
 scribed height and proportions. Shoulder-straps of navy 
 blue cloth, of prescribed pattern, and edged with gold 
 lace. 
 
 The device in the commodore's strap is that of his 
 pennant, with three silver stars, instead of thirteen. 
 Vice-commodore wears two stars; rear-commodore, one; 
 captains, same device, without stars; secretary, same, 
 with an S, in old English, instead of stars; treasurer, 
 same, with a T instead of stars; measurer, same, with 
 M instead of stars ; members, same, without other 
 mark. Cap ornaments are similarlj' graduated. 
 
 The undress differs from the full-dress in the adoption 
 of the single-breasted coat, and pantaloons of blue flannel 
 may be worn instead of white drill. The vest is of navy 
 blue, or blue flannel; and straw hats are admissible. 
 Necktie must be of black silk. The service dress is the 
 round jacket of navy blue, with same straps and lace as 
 in full dress; saihng masters wearing full suits of navy 
 blue, with the black tie, but without ornament. Brooks 
 Brothers, clothiers, are the purveyors of the club. 
 
 A description of the pennants of the- leading vessels 
 belonging to the club may not be uninteresting: those of 
 the commodore, vice-commodore, rear-commodore, and 
 acting commodore having been already specified. The 
 Alarm floats a burgee of red and blue — the former 
 occupying the third of the field next the staff, the latter 
 the rest — with a device of two full moons in white, one 
 on the red field, the other on the blue field. The pen- 
 nant of the Alice is slashed crosswise into three stripes — 
 one red, next the staff, and occupying one-fifth of the 
 length; the next white, occupying (wo-fifths of the length; 
 the third blue, occupying the same space. A red five- 
 
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98 CLUSS OF XEW TO UK. 
 
 pointed star dots the white field. The Alice (slooi^) 
 carries a red burgee, with a red and white diamond in 
 the centre of the field; the Annie, a red burgee, slashed 
 diagonally with a single broad white stripe; the Breeze, 
 a red burgee, with a large blue and white diamond in the 
 centre. The burgee of the Calypso has a field of white, 
 red, and blue, slashed after the manner of a sergeant's 
 sleeve ornaments, with a large five-pointed blue star on 
 the white ground; that of the Coming has a blue field, 
 bearing a white St. Andrew's cross; that of the Sallie E. 
 Day, an orange field, slashed lengthwise with a red stripe, 
 bearing the initials S. E. D. in white; that of the Edith, 
 a red field, centered with a white diamond, which is 
 centered again with a blue disc, holding the initial E. in 
 white. The Eva floats a red burgee, with a white cross, 
 filled in at the angles with blue; the ELiine, a blue one, 
 with a white heart slashed diagonally with red; the 
 Emily, a white burgee, with a broad red border; the 
 Fleetwing, a blue burgee, with a red border and a 
 white moon having a blue E. in the centre of the field ; the 
 Eleur de Lis, a red burgee, tipped with blue, having a 
 white five-pointed star in the centre. The burgee of the 
 Gracie is slashed diagonally with thirteen stripes of blue 
 and white. The Halcyon carries a blue field, slashed with 
 a huge white cross from tip to tip; the Idler, a red field, 
 with a white diamond in the centre, holding a capital I. 
 in blue; the Josephine, a red field, slashed with a large 
 white cross; the Jnlia, a red and blue field, with a large 
 white five-pointed star; the Jessie, a field slashed with 
 three broad stripes of blue, white, and red. The Josie 
 flaunts a blue field, with a small white St. Andrew's cross; 
 the Kate, a field slashed lengthwise, half blue and 
 half white, with a full moon of blue and white, similarly 
 slashed, in the centre; the Madeleine, a red field, with a 
 
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K£W YORK rAGHT CLUB. 99 
 
 v/hite M. in tlie centre; the Madgie, a red field, with a 
 small white St. Andrew's cross. The Magic has a white 
 burgee, with a red border, and a red disc in the centre; 
 Minnehaha, red field, wdth white diamond, holding the 
 letter I. in blue; Mischief, blue field, with white diamond; 
 Nettie, blue field, with large white diamond holding a 
 red P.; Narragansett, blue field, with border of four 
 stripes of white and red alternating; Palmer, field of 
 red, white and blue, slashed triangularly; Phantom, field 
 of blue, white and red, alternating, and slashed diagonally; 
 Eambler, blue field, with white K. ; Rebecca, red field, 
 with white diamond; Sappho, blue and red field, with 
 large white diamond; Sea Drift, white field, with red 
 cross; Sylvie, blue field, with white diamond, slashed 
 with red stripe; Sprite, blue field, with crimson ring, 
 picked out with four small yellow rings, and enclosing a 
 monogram; Sadie, blue field, with red cross, and a white 
 centre; Storm King, white field, bordered with red, 
 holding a blue cross; Tarohnta, white and red field, 
 slashed lengthwise with a broad blue stripe ; Tidal Wave, 
 white field, with a large picked out blue circle holding 
 T. W. gules; Vesta, white ground, bordered with red, 
 holding a black B. ; Widgeon, blue field, holding a large 
 white cross; Wivern, blue, white, red and blue, slashed 
 together in blocks and banks of color; White Cap, blue, 
 white and red, slashed into three triangular stripes, the 
 middle white one holding a disc of red and blue; White 
 Wing, white field, slashed lengthwise with one blue stripe; 
 Wave, white ground, slashed with a large blue cross; 
 Restless, ground, gules, holding a smaU white cross with 
 opening, fan-like arms. The Dauntless, now carrying 
 the commodore's arms, formerly carried the red, white 
 and blue — the blue appearing as a large central diamond. 
 The flag of the club is a blue field, in triangle of length 
 
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ICO CLUBS OF j\-£W YOBK. 
 
 twice the width, slashed with a large red cross, holding in 
 the centre a small wliite five-pointed star. The flag pre- 
 scribed for vessels of the kind in this country is a broad 
 sheet of thirteen stripes, seven red and six white, with a 
 blue field square in the upper corner, holding the device 
 of the commodore in white, encircled by thirteen white 
 stars : and thus the vessels belonging to the club fly three 
 flags, to wit, the general flag prescribed, the flag of the 
 club, and the burgee adopted by the owner. 
 
 The membership list is about six hundred, with an 
 honorary list, thus distributed: 
 
 Honorary ex-officio, the Secretary of the Navy, Secretary 
 of the Treasiiry, Collector of the Port of New York, 
 United States Circuit Judge of the Southern District of 
 New York, Admiral of the New York Station, and Com- 
 mander of the Brooklyn Navy Yard. By election, Silas 
 H. Stringham, Rear-Admiral United States Navy; C. H. 
 Davis, Eear-Admiral United States Navy; James Glynn, 
 Commodore United States Navy; John Paunce, Captain 
 United States Revenue Service; His Royal Highness the 
 Prince of Wales; Earl of Mount Charles, Great Britain; 
 Lord Dufierin, Great Britain; R. W. Hellas, Vice-Com- 
 modore Royal Western Yacht Club of Ireland; J. O'Con- 
 nell, Rear-Commodore Royal Western Yacht Club of 
 Ireland; Andrew Arcedenckne; I. L. Braine, Commander 
 United States Navy; David G. FarragTit, (deceased); 
 David D. Porter, Admiral United States Navy, and 
 George B. Rollins, Glenwood, Iowa. Ex-officio, the 
 Commodores, Vice-Commodores, Rear-Commodores, 
 Secretaries, and Treasurers of the two great English 
 clubs. 
 
 The admission fee is forty dollars; the annual due, 
 twenty-five dollars; and the finances of the association are 
 not in the most favorable condition. The Commodore, last 
 
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A'EW YORK YACHT CLUB 'CI 
 
 year, gave a new edai to the June regatta by offering 
 special cups to be contended for. The organization is 
 thus officered: — Commodore, James Gordon Bennett, Jr.; 
 Vice-Commodore, George P. Douglas; Eear-Commodore, 
 Franklin Osgood; Secretary, C. A. Minton; Treasurer, 
 Sheppard Romans; Measurer, Alfred W. Craven. Regatta 
 Committee, Stewart M. Taylor, Philip Schuyler and 
 Mahlon Sands. Houise Committee, M. S. Fowler, Thomas 
 E. Davis, Jr., Courtland M. Taylor, W. B. Bend, and 
 Frederick White. 
 
 LIST OF MEMBEES. 
 
 Allen, Crawford, Jr., Providence, E. I. ; Allen Crawford, Provi- 
 dence, B. I.; Allen, Vanderbilt, New York; Appleton, Daniel S., 
 New York; Appleton, John A., New York; Appleton, Thomas G-., 
 Boston; Aspinwall, Lloyd, New York; Astoin, C, New York; Astor, 
 J. J., New York; Astor, William. New York; Austen, John H., Sta- 
 pletou, S. L 
 
 Babcock, Henry, New York; Babcock, Samuel D., New York; 
 Bailey, Nathaniel P., New York; Baker, Eichard, Jr., Boston; Bald- 
 win, G. V. N., New York; Banker, James H. , New York; Brirger, 
 Samuel F., New York; Barker, Isaac, New York; Barlow, S. L. M., 
 New York; Barns, Charles, New London, Conn. ; Bartlett, L. G., 
 New Yoik; Barton, Samuel, Staten Island; Baxter, John E., New 
 York; Baylsy, John P., Boston; Bayley, J. Eoosevelt, New I'ork; 
 Bay ley, William A., Staten Island; Bedford, Giinning S., Jr., New 
 York; Beackman, G. L., New York; Bell, Isaac, New York; Belmont, 
 August, New York; Bend, George H., New York; Bend, William B., 
 New York; Benkard, Henry E., New York; Bennett, E. E., Staten 
 Island; Bennett, J. G., Jr., New York; Bird, John H., New York; 
 Bishop, D. W., New York; Bishop, T. Alston, New York; Blair, 
 General Frank, New York; Boardman, T. D., Boston; Bonner, 
 George T., NewYo.k; Bonner, John, New York; Bowdoin, George 
 S., New York; Bowdoin, James, New York; Brevoort, Henry W., 
 New York; Brewer, H. 0.,-New York; Bristed, J. A., New York; 
 Brown, George, New York; Brown, George, Jr., New York; Brov/n, 
 John W., New York; Brown, L. M., New York; Bull,' Isaac M., New 
 York; Burdett, D. H., New York; Burgess, Franklin, Boston; Busk, 
 
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102 CLUnS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 Joseph R., Staten Island; Butler, Richard, New York; Butler, Wil- 
 liam A., Patersou, N. J.; Byrne, Joseph, New York. 
 
 Cahoone, A. M., New York; Cameron, K. W., New York; Games, 
 Lewis M., New York; G.irrol, J. F., New York; Cater, James E., 
 Portland, Me.; Gary, \V. F., Jr., New York; Carter, Aymar, New 
 York; Geccarini, Dr. G., Now York; Center, E., New York; Chad- 
 wick, Henry D., New York; Chapman, H. G., Stateu Island; Cheney, 
 Arthur, Boston; Cipriaut, Alfred J., New York; Clark, Arthur, Bos- 
 ton; Clark, F. E., New York; Clason, A. W., New York; Gleemann, 
 B. O., New York; Cbws, Henry, New York; Gockein, S. M., New 
 York; Collins, C. B., New York; Connolly, Charles M., Jr., New 
 York; Cooper, E., Now York; Craven, Alfred W., New York; Craw- 
 lord, David, Jr. , New York. 
 
 Davies, J. T., New York; Davidson, W. H., New York; Davis, J. 
 M., New York; Davis, J. W., New York; Davis, Thomas E. , New 
 York; De Coppet, Henry, New York; De Haas, M. F. H., New York; 
 De Luze, Francis A., New York; De Peyster, G. B. , New York; 
 Dexter, P. G., Boston; d'Hauteville, F. L. G., Boston; Dibble, E. 
 D. , New York ; Diekerson, John S. , New York ; Dillon, John Henry, 
 London, England; Dillon, Robert, New York; Dodge, Charles C., 
 New York; Dodge, Edward, New York; Dolau Hemy, New York; 
 Dorr, E. P, BufSalo, N. Y.; Doremus, F. M., New York; Douglas, 
 William, Little Neck, L. I.; Draper, Henry, New York; Draper, 
 John H., New York; Duncan, Alexander, Providence, E. I.; Duncan, 
 David, New York; Duncan, William Butler, New York; Duraut, 
 Thomas C. , Brooklyn, L. I. ; Durant, William W. , Brooklyn, L. I. ; 
 Durfee, B. M. C, Fall Eiver, Mass. ; Durfee, George B., Fall River, 
 Mass. 
 
 Edey, C. C., New York; Edgar, D. M., New York; Edgar, Le Roy, 
 New York. 
 
 Panshawe, W. S., New York; Fellows, Birney, New York; Fellows, 
 Cornelius, Jr., New York; Fen-y, Theodore S., New York; Fitch, 
 John, New York; Fithian, Freeman J., New York; PoUett, D. H., 
 Boston; Forbes, P. S., New York; Foster, J. P. G., New York; 
 Fowler, Francis D. , New York ; Fowler, M. L. , New York. 
 
 Gaillard, Joseph, New York; Galloupe, Charles W., Boston; 
 Gandy, S. , New York; Garesche, Edward D., New York: Garrison, 
 W. K., New York; Gibbs, Franklin, New York; Gibert, F. E., New 
 York; Gimbernat, J. R., New York; Gliddon, John M., Boston; 
 Graham, William Irving, New York; Gray, H. W., New York; Grin- 
 
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^-E^^ rojiK i'acht club. 103 
 
 nell, Irving, New York; Grinnell, Mos3S H., New York; Grinnell, 
 Bobert M., New York; Griswold, George, New York; Griswold; 
 John N. A., Jr., New York; Grubb, E. Burd, Burlington, N. J.: 
 Grymes, 0. Alfred, New York. 
 
 Haight, Gilbert L., New York; Hall, A. Oakey, New York; Ham- 
 ilton, Alexander, Jr., Now York; Harrison, Thomas D., New York; 
 Hartley, W. M. B., New York; Hatch, Alirederick S., New York; 
 Haughton, M. G., New York; Haven, G. G., New York; Havens, N. 
 Parker, Now York; Heard, George F., Boston; Heard, John, Ipswich, 
 Mass. ; Hedden, Josiah, New York; Herrishoff, JohnB., Bristol, R. I. ; 
 Hicks, Samuel, New York; Hildreth, David M., New York; Homans, 
 Sheppard, New York; Hone, Kobert S. , New York ; Hooper, Robert, 
 Jr., New York; Houston, J. B., New York; Hovey, Henry S., Boston; 
 Hovey, George 0. , Boston ; Howland, 6. G. , New York ; Hudson, W. 
 HoUey, New York; Hurlburt, W. Henry, New York. 
 
 Ingalls, General E. , New York; Irvin, Alexander P., New York; 
 Irvin, Richard, Jr., New York. 
 
 Jerome, Lawrence R., New York ; Jerome, Leonard W., New York; 
 Jerome, R. H., New York; Johnson, G. P., New York ; Johnson, 
 Henry W., New York; Johnson, Theodore, New York; Johnson, 
 William M., New York; Jones, Joshua, New York. 
 
 Kane, John G., Now York; Kane, W. H., New York; Keep, Charles 
 AY., New York; Kennard, T. \V., New York; Kent, Henry A., New 
 York; Kent, Henry A., Jr., New York; Ketchum, Charles J., New 
 York; Ketchum, P. M., New York; Kidd, George W., New York; 
 Kimber, Arthur, New York; Kingsland, A. C, New York; Kingsland, 
 A. C, Jr., New York; Kingsland, D. C, New York; Kingsland, 
 George L., New York; Kingsland, Henry P., New York; Kingsland, 
 William M., New York; Kirkland, W. R., New York; Knapp, A. M. ; 
 New York ; Krebs, William, New York. 
 
 Lambert, Edward, Brooklyn, L; I. ; La Montagne, Augustus, Staten 
 Island; La Montagne, Edward, New York; Lawrence, T. T., New 
 York; Leary, Arthur, New York; Leavitt, George A., Staten Island; 
 Leaycraft, Jeremiah, New York; Lee, D. Bradley, New York; Len- 
 tilhon, Joseph, New York; Livingston, Anson, New York; Living- 
 ston, Carrol, New York; Livingston, Ludlow, New York; Loper, R. 
 P., Stonington, Conn. ; Loper, R. P., Jr., Stonington, Conn. ;Loril- 
 lard, George L., New York; Lorillard, Dr. G., New l''ork; Lorillard, 
 Jacob, New York ; Lorillnrd. Louis L. , New York ; Lorillard, P. , New 
 York; Loubat, P., New York; Lounsbery, R. P., New York; Luling, 
 Charles, New York; Lyon, Samuel E., New York. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
'04 CLUBS OF ^-EW YORK. 
 
 Macalester. Charles, Jr. , PMladelphia ; Major, Alexander, New York ; 
 Major William H., New York; Manning, Thomas, Boston; Marshall, 
 Charles H. , New York ; Marston, W. H. , New York ; Maxwell, John 
 D., New York; McCracken, Ernest L., New York; McGown, Henry 
 P., New York; McKewen, J. P., New York; McKim, Robert V., New 
 York; McLean, Gr. W., New York; McLean. James M., New York; 
 Miller, Edmund H., New York; Minton, Charles A., New York; 
 Minturu, Robert B., New York; Moncrief, James, New York; Monell, 
 C. L., New York; Morgan, Charles, New York; Morgan, D. P., New 
 York; Morris. Francis, New Yorkj Morris, Harry M., New York; 
 Morris, T. F. , New York; Morton, Hamilton. New York; Morion, 
 W. Quincy, New York; Motley, James M., New York; Murray, Da- 
 vid C, New York; Myers, Julian, New York; Myers, T. Bailey, New 
 York. 
 
 Neill, J. De Lancey, New York; Newcombe, H. V., New York; 
 Nichols, Le Eoy, New York; Nichols, William B., New York; Nick- 
 erson, S. D., Boston; Norris, John B., New York. 
 
 Oddie, J. V. S., New York; Osgood, Franklin, New York; Osgood, 
 George A., New York; Osgood, William H., New York; Otis, Wil- 
 liam C, Boston. 
 
 Paine, William H., New York; Palmer, George H., New York; 
 Palmer, Nathaniel B., Stonington, Conn. ; Parkin, W. W., New York; 
 Peabody, Joseph, Salem, Mass. ; Pendleton, William H., Staten 
 Island; Penniman, Charles Pi,., New York; Penniman, George H., Nfw 
 York; Penniman, James F., New York; Penniman, S. J., New York: 
 Philips, Arthur E., New York; Phoenix, Lloyd, New York; Phcenix, 
 Phillips, New York; Potter, Howard, New York; Potter, General 
 Robert B., New York; Purdy, Belmont, New York. 
 
 Kemsen, Robert G., New York; Roberts, Isaac K., New York; 
 Robinson, Beverly, Jr., New York; Rogers, Jones, New York; Rol- 
 lins, John T., New York; Roome, Charles, New York; Roosevelt, 
 Henry L., New York; Roosevelt, Robert B., New York; Rowan, 
 Colonel H. S., C. B., England; Kussell, Harry, New York; Russell, 
 Henry G., Providence, R. I.; Rutherford, Lewis M., New York. 
 
 Samuels, Captain S., New York; Sands, Mahlon, New York; San- 
 ford, A. W., New York; Sanford, E. S., New York; Sanford, Henry 
 S., New York; Schell, Augustus, New York; Schell, Richard, New 
 York; Schenck, Frederick, New York: Sehermerhorn, William B., 
 New York; Schieffelin, Charles M., New York; Schieffelin, G. R., 
 New York; Schuyler, Gcorga L., New York; Schuyler, Philip, New 
 York; Scott, James, New Yoik; Sears, David, Jr., Boston; Selye, W. 
 
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JS'JlW YORK YACHT CLUB. 1O3 
 
 W., Eochester, N. Y. ; Seward, Clarence A., New York; Seymour, 
 William Deane, Queenstown, Ireland; Shader, W. E., New York; 
 Shii:ipea, W. "W., Hoboken, N. J.; Skiddy, Francis. Npw Y^ork; 
 Sloat John D., New York; Slote, Daniel, New Y'ork; Smith, Charles 
 B., Staten Island; Smith, D. Henry, New York; Smith, James K., 
 New York; Smith, Wesley, New York; Snelling, E. T., New York; 
 Spaulding, E. B., New York; Stanton, E. D., New York; Starr, F. 
 11., Philadelphia; Sfcebbins, Charles H., New York; Stebbins, Henry 
 G., New York; Steers, Henry, New York; Stone, W. 0., New Y'ork; 
 Stuyvesant, A. "V. H., New York; Stuyresant, Entherlnrd, New 
 York; Swan, Benjamin L., Jr., New York. 
 
 Talboy:, W. P., New York; Taylor, Courtland M., Staten Island; 
 Taylor, Stuart M., New York; Thomas, William H., New York; 
 Thompson, T. A., New York; Thomson, James, New York; Tiffany, 
 Charles 'L., New York; Townsend, Captain C. H., New York; Town- 
 send, H. D., New York; Townsend, Peter, New York; Trafford, C. 
 E. , Astoria, L. I. ; Travers, William E. , New York ; Twombly, H. 
 W., New York. 
 
 Van Alen, General James, New York ; Van Alen, J. J., Jr., New 
 York ; Vanderbilt, Jacob H. , Staten Island ; Vanderbilt, W. H. , New 
 York; Van Schaick, J., New York; Van Schaiok, W. M., New York; 
 Von Hoifman, Louis, New York; Voorhis, Jacob, New York; Voor- 
 his, Jacob, Jr., New York; Voorhis, John, New York; Voorhis, Peter, 
 New York ; Voorhis, William, Nyack, N. "Y. 
 
 Wainwright, -T. Howard, New York; Waldo, F. W., Staten Island; 
 Wallack, J. Lester, New York; Walton, Henry C. S., New York; 
 Ward, George Barclay, New York; Ward, Henry H., New York; 
 Ward, General W. G., New York; Warren, J. Kearney, New York; 
 Warren, Walter P., Troy, N.Y. ; Waterbury, James M., Williams- 
 burgh, L. I.; Waterbury, James M., Jr., New York; Waterbury, 
 Lawrence, New York; Weld, George W. , Boston; Westray, Fletcher, 
 New York; White, A. C, New York; White, Edward P , New York; 
 White, Frederick, New York; White, John Morris, New York; Wil- 
 ietts, Daniel T., New York; Williamson, D. B., New York; Wilmer- 
 ding, George G., New York; Wilson, G. W., New York; Winston, 
 Gustavus R., M.D:, New York; AVolfe, J. B., New York; Wolfe, N. 
 II., New York; Wolfe TJdolpho, New York; Wolff, Edward, New 
 York; Wood, Alexander G., New York; Wood, Charles B., New York; 
 Work, Frank, New York; Wright, E. M., New York. 
 
 i'oung, William, New York. 
 
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V 
 
 UNION LEAGUE CLUB. 
 
 CLUB-HOUSE, MADISO^s AVENUE AND TWENTY-SIXTH STREET. 
 
 It is now nine years since a rather informal meeting 
 occurred in the rooms of the Sanitary Commission in this 
 citj'', to discuss the preliminaries of a club having for its 
 object the perpetuation of the Union. 1862 had been a 
 year of disaster to the armies of the Republic. There 
 was division of sentiment at home — division of sentiment 
 was in the ranks of the Eej)ublican party itself — and a 
 general gloom and depression had settled upon the 
 spirits of even the most steadfast. In January, 18G3, a 
 number of gentlemen of prominence resolved in some 
 way to eifect a crystalization of the elements supporting- 
 President Lincoln, in their united strength; and out of 
 this resolve was developed the Union League, with 
 Robert B. Minturn as president. There was some talk 
 at the beginning in favor of naming the organization the 
 Loyal League, biit the present name was at last adopted 
 in preference. 
 
 The first work performed by the club was the organiza- 
 tion of colored troops in this city. On the twelfth of 
 of November, 1863, a committee on volunteering was 
 appointed, and the attempt was initiated. Three weeks 
 were spent in efforts to procure Governor Soynaour's 
 authority or sanction for the actual beginning of the 
 experiment; but the courage of the negro was doubted 
 by high authorities, as his humanity had once been, and 
 
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rxiox jj'jAorE club. 107 
 
 the Governor, supported by all the Democratic and some 
 of the RcjDublicau journals, laughed at the idea of the 
 negro as a soldier as an excellent joke, and continued to 
 withhold bis sanction. At length, weary with wa."te of 
 objurgation where it was useless, the committee sought 
 an interview with the iron Stanton, Secretary of War, 
 and was empowered to give the negro the benefit of an 
 experiment practically determining the question of his 
 manhood. This permission was accorded on the third 
 day of December, 1863, and work was immediatelj' begun. 
 Thus originated the Twentieth Eegiment of United 
 States colored troops. Mr. Vincent Oolyer superin- 
 tended the practical business of recruiting, which was 
 prosecuted with energy from its very inception; and as 
 early as the twentieth of the same month, the regiment 
 was full. On the nineteenth of December, in fact, applica- 
 tion was entered with the Secretary of War for permis- 
 sion to enhst a second regiment of colored men; and 
 after a delay of a couple of weeks, on the fifth of January, 
 1864, it was accorded. Ere the opening of February — 
 on the twenty-seventh of January, to be exact — the second 
 regiment was full. It was styled the Twenty-sixth Regi- 
 ment of United .States colored troops. A third was im- 
 mediately enlisted, under authority from the Secretary of 
 War, and was designated as the Thirty-first Eegiment of 
 United States colored troops. 
 
 Some delay in the forwarding of arms occasioned tardi- 
 ness in sending forward these recruits; but at length, all 
 difficulties overcome, the Twentieth Eegiment left for 
 New Orleans — exactly three months and two days having 
 elapsed since the date of the permit from the Secretary 
 of "SV^ar. The occasion was embraced for a grand de- 
 monstration at the club-house, then at the old Parish 
 residence in Seventeenth street, corner of Broadway. A 
 
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st'iii'l (if colors was |ir('S(>.nt,i<(l l,o the rc^^Miiicnl, (in Union 
 Squ.ivc, ill front of llm cluli-huuso), on liolnilf of tlu> 1ii(ii(>s 
 of New Yorl;, and :ni luldrcss coiniucnioiMl ivo of iln' 
 ocraaion was delivered by rresideni, ICin;;', of C-olunibiii 
 Colle!_;-e. Tluw weelcs liil.<'r, the Twenty-sixth lve,;;'i uient 
 was sen), forward with similar honors. 
 
 It was at the rooms of the Union Ijea;;ne C\n\i, also, 
 that the throat Sanitary Fair was llrst |iro|)osed, and here 
 tiiat it operunl its bazaar, with the resull, of ra.isiii}^ (Jie 
 prineely suni ol one million oiio hundred Ihousand 
 dollars, to be i^x]iond(Hl in furthci-iiiL;- the purposes of tho 
 Sanitary (,'onunittee. 
 
 On ihe eleventh of Felinniry, ISIM, a c.oniinittee was 
 appointed to recruit for IfaneocU's (^orjis, then sadly d(^- 
 pletod; and, on tho ninotcunith of Oetobor, the eoniniittoe 
 reported a sending forward of over six thouMand men, at 
 a cost of two hundred and seventy-live thouBand dollars, 
 defrayed by subscription. 
 
 These w(!ii^ days of worlc— days of sharp iiud vigorous 
 struggh^ and yet, of brilliant rcaJi/,ati(ui: for, in addition 
 to tho S(!ndiug of r. v,\\ to tho (ield, a grciat dea,l of trouble 
 and money was expondcid in rc^lieving the wants fuul re- 
 dressing tho grievances of the troo)is stationi'd in the 
 city and vicinity. 'Tlic rresidontial (canvass also bore 
 heavily upon tho rosources of the a.ssoctiation. U).>on it 
 devolved the work of organizalion, andof conducting the 
 canvass, and it was ji(^riia])s moie iminediately instru- 
 mental in securing Mr. Lincoln's ro-blection than all tho 
 orators of that most orator-bei'idden campaign. 
 
 Later, its political history has biuin less rruirlted, 
 though perhaps not loss eventful, having been nnire 
 particularly identified with State tlian National [lolitics. 
 
 The first reception ever given liy the Union lica^gue 
 was that accorded to Lieutenant Gushing, the hero of 
 
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USWX LKAGIJE CLUB. 109 
 
 the AU)emarle.. The evening of November 12, 1864, its 
 second was given in welcome of Professor (rojflwin Smith. 
 In May, 18G5, General Butler was the finest of the asso- 
 ciation ; and in Jnnf, 18G5, General Shenann was ten- 
 dered the honor of a reception, and accepted. In October, 
 1865, Governor Fenton v/as received with groat eclul, so 
 far as eclat can be supposed to ckister about purely polit- 
 ical occafiions ; and Preston King, then Collector King, 
 whose tragic end will be remembered, delivered the ad- 
 dress of -welcome. In November of the same year. Gen- 
 eral Grant was the guest of the association. General 
 Meade, the hero of Gettysburg, was present ; as, also, 
 were General Ingalls and Admiral Ringgold. 
 
 Receptions have also been given in honor of Farrag-ut, 
 Dupont, Winslow, Hooker, and Franklin; but that which 
 attracted most attention, perhaps, was in honor of Sheri- 
 dan, on the evening of September 29, 1867, on his return 
 fi'Om New Orleans. Uniou Square, in front of the club- 
 house, was densely packed with the populace, over which 
 fell the glitter and glare of calcium lights by the half 
 dozen, blinding here, and there leaving almost wholly in 
 the dark. Swaying, surging, seething, the crowd occu- 
 pied the square until nearly midnight, when, having 
 feasted to their content, the lion and his keepers appeared 
 on the balcony and roared. Then, having seen the lion, 
 as if a great breath had come suddenly, these atoms of 
 humanity were all whirled away different ways, and fhe^' 
 square was suddenly as empty as if the croAvd of a few 
 minutes before had been the mere conjur-ation of a magi- 
 cian. On the evening of November 28, 1867, Rev. 
 D.'. Newman Hall was received by the members of the 
 club, Mr. John Jay, the president, welcoming the rev- 
 erend gentleman with an address alike remarkable for 
 length and abundance of compliment. 
 
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no ChVBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 These have been the principal receptions given by the 
 club since its organization in 1863. It has had, as well, 
 its eras in other respects than that of social re-nnion: 
 its eras of controversy and wordy combat, mostly con- 
 ducted in the very dignified and formal shape of resolu- 
 tions, which are to political organizations what pellets 
 are to a homoeopathic doctor. First came the great con- 
 troversy with President Johnson, on the pohcy questitfn; 
 next, that with Mr. Greeley, on the projsriety of his going 
 bail for Jefferson Davis, which the members very strongly 
 doubted, — Mr. Greeley retorting that they were a pack of 
 blockheads, in terms more remarkable for vituperative- 
 ness than force. Lastly, the election fraud sensation has 
 received the attention of the association, though with no 
 very marked practical results; and protests have been 
 entered against legislative corruption, which protests 
 have been dismissed indignantly b}' the body in session 
 at Albany, on the ground that the very term legislative 
 corruption was insulting, and ought not, as a phrase, to 
 receive official recognition. Thus, all the high-sounding 
 resolutions of the club concerning legislative corruption, 
 came to naught: that Democratic body dubbed Albany 
 by the daihes regarding it as quite inconsistent with dig- 
 nity to confess the possible existence of anything answer- 
 ing the conditions of the phrase. 
 
 The admission fee, at first only seventy-five dollars, 
 was, in 1866, brought into close approximation to that 
 of other leading clubs, and set at one hundred. On the 
 same occasion, it was voted that yearly dues should be 
 made sixty instead of fifty dollars, an advance from thirty 
 to fifty having taken place the year before. 
 
 The association has no long series of migrations to be 
 recorded. The old Parish residence,- No. 26 East Seven- 
 teenth street, the most elegant in the city in its day, was 
 
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UNTOX LEAGUIC CLUB. ' ' ' 
 
 first leased liy the clnb, wliich, May 12th, 186% entered its 
 first club-house. This was only a couijle of months after 
 its organization fFebi'uary 6th, 1863), and previous to the 
 date of its actually entering upon serious work. Its first 
 lustrum in the old club-house will be remembered by all 
 members as its years of peculiar eclat and peculiar activ- 
 ity. A fever-fire was in the blood of the poinilace, 
 and shoulder-straps were of themselves passports to the 
 best societj'- of the metropolis, excepting, perhaps, the 
 royal circle of the old regime, where some little discrim- 
 ination was made as to the quality of the persons weai'ing 
 them. Hence, the splendor and glory of the first recep- 
 tions of the association; though occasionally, albeit, a little 
 unnecessary tinsel was added, a little needless glare and 
 glamour, just to daze the eyes of the groundlings, and its 
 receptions were a trifle spectacular, as all engines of po- 
 litical effect are apt to be. There can be no question, 
 however, as to the influence of the club during this bril- 
 liant semi-decade, — for it was the success of the Union 
 League that led to the foundation of the Manhattan, now 
 one of the most powerful clubs in this country. Its mem- 
 bership was over six hundred at the date of its fourth 
 birthday, and at present it is more than double that. 
 
 The new club-house, Madison Avenue, corner of East 
 Twenty-sixth street, was opened April 1st, 1868, — having 
 been erected by Mr. Jerome, projector of Jerome Park, 
 for the use of the Jockey Club, but subsequently leased 
 to the Union League for a term of ten years. 
 
 It is probably, internally as well as externally, the most 
 elegant club-house in the city, as it is the most expen- 
 sively upholstered. The general framework of the fur- 
 nishing is of black walnut, though the larger mirror- 
 frames are of rosewood. The reading-room, first story, 
 fronts on Madison Square. Its walls are decorated with 
 
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' I 2 CLUBS OF NEW YOMK. 
 
 photographs and portraits of members mostly. The 
 reception-parlor fronts on Twenty-sixth street, and is a 
 hijou in its way. Portraits of Captain Marshall, Robert 
 B. Minturn, and Jonathan Sturges, decorate the walls. 
 The art gallery fronts on Twenty-sixth street; adjoin- 
 ing it is the billiard-room, having four fine tables; near 
 by, opened into by grand doors, is the ten-pin alley. On 
 the second floor, is fitted up an elegant bijou of a theatre, 
 intended not only for the use of the club as a meeting- 
 room, but to be let for lectures and dramatic readings.' 
 The carpeting throughout is of WUton, Axminster, or 
 Brussels; and, in connection with the rosewood, and wal- 
 nut of sofas and mirrors, a great deal of gilding has been 
 employed. In fact, of the two, monograms and gilding 
 are rather superabundant. 
 
 The private dining-rooms are on the second floor, and 
 very elegantly fitted up. They seat one hundred persons, 
 and it is superfluous to state, of course, that all glass- 
 ware, porcelain, and the like, bear the monogram of the 
 club, for nowhere is that self-conscious crypt omitted. 
 
 It is now three years since an active movement for the 
 collection of an art gallery was begun. Previous to that 
 date the art treasures of the association consisted of a 
 few portraits, mostly of members and military celebrities, 
 interlarded with those of a few celebrated civilians and 
 statesmen. Large portraits of Lincoln, John Bright, 
 Cobden, General Sheridan, General Sherman, General 
 Strong, De Gasparin, and Laboulaye, were first procured. 
 Since then, something of a gallery of engravings and 
 photographs has been collected; but, until quite lately, 
 no attempt has been made to lay the foundation of an 
 art gallery such as the Century has. 
 
 Cropsey's view of the battlefield at Gettysburg is now 
 in possession of the club. C H. Henry is represented 
 
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UNION Li; A G UE CL UB. 1 1 3 
 
 by a couple of pieces, one of which commemorates the 
 j)resentatioii of a stand of colors to the very first colored 
 regiment sent foi'ward to the seat of war from the Bast. 
 It was painted to order for the club, and is microscopic 
 in its fidelity to details: hence, in its actualism. A splen- 
 did portrait of General Thomas (in oil) has also been 
 added to the collection. Winslow Homer's " In the Wil- 
 derness" is hei-e, as also are some halt dozen or more 
 paintings of war scenes, often spoken of, but seldom 
 seen. 
 
 Employes of the club are expected to appear in fuU 
 dress on all occasions — with the exception of ushers, who 
 are in uniform, and the superintendent, who is at liberty 
 to dress in the manner of a private gentleman. 
 
 Though founded in 1863, the club was not incorporated 
 until February 16th, 1865. The conditions of member- 
 ship were, at the beginning, rather political than social. 
 First and foremost stood unswerving loyalty to the gov- 
 ernment, and unwavering support of its efforts to sup- 
 press the rebellion; and members, collectively and indi- 
 vidually, were pledged to resist, to the utmost, every 
 attempt against the territorial integrity of the nation. 
 These conditions express the primary purposes of the 
 association as it was, and were then quite necessary con- 
 ditions of unity and concert. 
 
 At a meeting, January 11th, 1866, another clause was 
 added, which somewhat directed the efforts of the asso- 
 ciation to another and then quite popular crusade; and 
 it became a part of its mission to resist corruption, to 
 promote reform in national, state, and municipal affairs: 
 in short, to elevate the idea of American citizenshij) in 
 the particular sense of elevation preferred by its mem- 
 bers, and most advantageous to them. 
 
 The organization of the club is exceedingly complicated : 
 
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114 CLUBS 01' NSW YOBK. 
 
 a system of committees and sub-committees, wheel withiu 
 wheel, yet working harmoniously enough, and admirably 
 balanced in its distribution of powers, fanctions, privi- 
 leges, and prerogatives. A president, twelve vice-presi- 
 dents, a treasurer, a secretary, and three auditors consti- 
 tute the head of an exceedingly complicated body. Then 
 come the standing committees, of which there are five, to 
 wit: the executive committee, committee on admissions, 
 committee on publications, committee on arts and relics, 
 and committee on library; to which list must be added 
 an acting house committee, invested with ordinary func- 
 tions of bodies of that kind. The executive committee is 
 modeled after the pattern of that of the Union Club, 
 that is, five of its fifteen members are elected annually — 
 an innovation introduced in the year 1870, when, to 
 make provision for the carrying of the system into effect, 
 five members were elected for one year, five for two years, 
 and five for three years. The committee, unlike that of 
 the Union Club, is, however, subject to the prescription 
 of limitations by the main body, except in the matter of 
 expenditures, where it exercises a certain discretion; and 
 no member is eligible for more than one successive term. 
 Except during the months of June, July, August, Sep- 
 tember, and October, this body meets monthly for the 
 transaction of current business. 
 
 The committee on admissions consists of seven mem- 
 bers, to whom aJl names of candidates are referred, not 
 to be acted upon, but to be reported upon. Candidates 
 must be projjosed by one member, seconded by another, 
 and bulletined, before reference to the committee whose 
 business it is to investigate as to qualifications or eligi- 
 bility. At every monthly meeting of the club, it is the 
 duty of this body to report upon the names of candidates 
 submitted to its consideration, after which the membera 
 
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UNIOiY L EA G UE CL OB. 115 
 
 vote by ballot upon names thus recommencled. one ballot 
 in ten excluding. An excluded candidate cannot be pro- 
 posed again within one year from date of black-ball. The 
 committee on publications consist.s of seven members; 
 so, also, the library committee and the committee on arts 
 and relics, whose names sufficiently indicate their respect- 
 ive functions. Neglect on the part of any member of 
 one of these bodies to attend three consecutive meetings, 
 is regarded as tender of resignation, and the committee 
 may proceed to fill the vacancy, as if written resignation 
 had been actually tendered. 
 
 The club has a regular monthly meeting for the trans- 
 action of business; but the annual meeting, which occurs 
 on the second Thursday in January, constitutes the great 
 evening of festivity and reunion. The rules of Cushing's 
 Manual govern all debates and deliberations, — the regu- 
 lar order of business being, first, reading of minutes; 
 second, election of members; third, reports of standihg 
 committees; fourth, reports of special committees; and 
 fifth, general business. This order of business may be 
 altered, however, by a majority vote, and is not, therefore, 
 inflexible. 
 
 Duties of members vary little from the general specifi- 
 cations. Members cannot receive salaries for services 
 rendered as officers, or in other functions; cannot fee 
 servants, under penalty of reprimand; must not in spirit 
 or act manifest any disloyalty to the government, which, 
 being interpreted, means probably that any member who 
 bolts anything understood to be Eepublican, is liable to 
 expulsion. The number of resident members is limited 
 to one thousand; the admission being now (and having 
 been, since September 1st, 1866), one hundred dollars. 
 The annual due is sixty dollars, payable within thirty 
 days after the date of the annual meeting. If payment 
 
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Il6 CLUBS or NEW YORK. 
 
 is delayed until April 1st, the member so delaying forfeits 
 his membership, and is, after the thirty days mentioned, 
 bulletined as a defaulter. 
 
 This applies to resident members: non-res'ident mem- 
 bers, officers of the army and navy, and clergymen are 
 subject to half-admission fees and half-dues onl}'. Mem- 
 bers are expected to observe the rule of cash on delivery 
 of wines, dinners, and the like, that is, the cashier is not 
 permitted to open any formal accounts, and names of 
 delinquents are regularly posted every Monday morning. 
 MemLers thus posted must pay -within one week or ac- 
 cept the liability to suspension. Games for money are 
 not permitted; and ladies can only be admitted on Tues- 
 days and Fridays, from twelve M. to three P. M. After 
 one o'clock at night admittance cannot be claimed by 
 lodgers; and at twelve the restaurant, wine-room, billiard- 
 room, and bowling-alley are closed for the night. A mem- 
 ber may personally introduce a non-resident or guest, 
 but for one day only; and persons introduced for a longer 
 period, must receive tickets bearing the sesame names of 
 the executive committee. 
 
 The art treasures of the club are worthy of more than 
 passing mention. During the single year 1870, ten por- 
 traits and other paintings in oil, and twenty-four steel 
 engravings (at a cost of $3,000) were added to the 
 collection. Eastman Johnson's splendid portrait of the 
 late General George H. Thomas decorates the walls of 
 the Madison Avenue palace. S. E. Gifford's "Seventh 
 Regiment at Washington;" Julian Scott's "Rear Guard;" 
 E. H. Henry's " City Point in 1865," and his "First New 
 York Colored Regiment; " and Winslow Homer's "Eight 
 in the Wilderness," constitute the leading historical 
 canvases. The whole, with its value, may be mapped 
 thus:— 
 
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VXTOS LEAGUE CLUB. I '7 
 
 Portraits in oil 17 
 
 Landscapes and historical works in oil 20 
 
 Framed drawings ^ 
 
 Statuettes, in bronze and plaster 7 
 
 Photographic portraits (framed) 47 
 
 Engravings (framed) 25 
 
 Total 126 
 
 Cost S18 958 no 
 
 As a rule, it is difficult to ascertain the cun-ent receipts 
 and financial condition of clubs, for the very natural rea- 
 son that they are generally in debt, and prefer that no 
 public exposition of the fact should occur. The Union 
 League, having no debt, is above scruple in this respect, 
 and, by the kindness of the treasurer, the writer is 
 enabled to exhibit its budget of receipts and expenses 
 for an average current year: — 
 
 Admission fees and dues S83,545 00 
 
 Kestaurant and other sources "101,643 44 
 
 Total §185,198 44 
 
 Disbursed 184,600 36 
 
 Excess of receipts over expenses S598 08 
 
 The property of the club stands thus, in its financial 
 aspect : — 
 
 In ten-forty coupon bonds $25,000 00 
 
 In five-twenty coupon bonds 5,000 00 
 
 In insurance scrip 355 00 
 
 In cash on hand 839 00 
 
 Total $31, 19 i 00 
 
 The amount expended for the restaurant and wine- 
 room was $78,081.43; receipts from same, $80,872.27; 
 leaving a profit too small to pay for service, and proving 
 that club restaurants are only drags upon the resources 
 of the associations supporting them. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
I iS CLUnS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Two of the most brilliant names on tlie honorary 
 list — those of Admiral David G. Farragut and General 
 George H. Thomas — were transferred to the mortuary in 
 1870; while from the general list have dropped Wil- 
 liam H. Brady, Frederick A. Coe, F. W. CorggiU, W. W. 
 Cornell, Moreau Delano, George Folsom, John H. Macy, 
 Frank B. Eussell, John H. Simpkins, Joseph A. Trow- 
 bridge, Hiram Walbridge, and James Kelly. 
 
 On the roll of dead, the most eminent literary name 
 is that of Dr. Francis Lieber, late Professor of Constitu- 
 tional History and Political Science in Columbia Law 
 School, — who, having written a letter showing why Mr. 
 Greeley ought not to be elected President of the United 
 States, gave up the ghost on the afternoon of Wednes- 
 day, October 2d, 1872. Born in Berlin in the year 1800, 
 Dr. Lieber entered the Prussian Army at fifteen, and, 
 after takirg part in the battles of Ligny and Waterloo, 
 was wounded in the storming of Namur. Returning to 
 Berlin, he became an active politician of the Young Ger- 
 many type, and was finally arrested as a Liberal and im- 
 prisoned. Eeleased, he pursued his studies at Jena, but 
 the Government opposing his progress at every step, at 
 the age of twenty-one he started on a crusade in behalf 
 of Grecian liberty, trjiveling on foot through Switzerland 
 to Marseilles. After many dangers and privations, he 
 found his way to Italy, and became a member of the 
 family of Niebuhr the historian, then Prussian Minister 
 to Italy, where he spent the years 1822 and 1823, and 
 collected the memoranda for his reminiscences of the 
 great historian, really the only minute pen-and-ink por- 
 trait extant of one of the foi'emost historical critics of 
 the centurj'. His sojourn in Niebuhr's family was em- 
 ployed in the preparation of a journal of his adventures 
 and experiences in Greece, issued at Liepsic. Promised 
 
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U^UOX LTSAG CE CL UB. I I 9 
 
 iiiimunity from arrest, he returned to Germanj', but was 
 af^ain clungeonerl at Kopnick, where he wrote a volume 
 of poems, afterwards imblisLed in Berlin, under the nom 
 deplume of Franz Arnold. Again liberated, but subject 
 to annoying espionage, he emigrated to England in 1825, 
 and while in London supported himself for two years by 
 contributions to various Geiinan periodicals. In 1827, 
 advised to the step by Niebuhr, he came to the United 
 States, and began his career as a lecturer on history and 
 political science, fina.lly settling in Boston, where he 
 foiinded a swimming school on the system of Pfuhl, of 
 Berlin, whose pupil he had once been; and edited the 
 " Encyclopsedia Americana," a sort of English version of 
 the famous "Conversations-Lexikon " of Brockhaus, which 
 ran through thirteen volumes, and was issued by a Phil- 
 adelphia house between the years 1829 and 1833. In 
 addition to this — his most voluminous work — he trans- 
 lated a work on the revolution of 1830, the Life of Kas- 
 par Hauser, and De Beaumont and De Tocqueville on 
 Penitentiary Systems in the United States, adding an 
 introduction and copious notes. His plan of university 
 instruction, drawn up at the instance of the trustees of 
 Girard College, was his next work; his next, the famous 
 " Letters to a Gentleman in Germany," in which the 
 grand tour is made the vehicle of a great deal of philo- 
 sophical dissertation. In 183.5 he was appointed Professor 
 of History and Political Economy in South Carolina Col- 
 lege, Columbia, S. C. ; in 1858, Professor of the same in 
 Columbia College, New York. His published works cover 
 nearly the whole field of political science, and treat a list 
 of subjects rarely attempted by one man. An enumera- 
 tion of them includes his "Manual of Political Ethics," 
 Boston, 1888, adopted as a text-book at Harvard, and 
 commended by Kent and Story; "Legal and Political 
 
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120 CLUBS OF XK^\■ yonK. 
 
 Hermeneiitics, or Principles of Interpretation anrl Con- 
 struction in Law and Politics"; "Laws of Property: 
 Essays on Property and Labor," New York, 1842; "Civil 
 Libert}' and Self-Government," Philadelphia, 1853. Spe- 
 cial departments of civil polity also largely occupied his 
 attention, particularly that of penal legislation, on which 
 he wrote his "Essays on subjects of Penal Law and 
 the Penitentiary System,'' published by the Philadelphia 
 Prison Discipline Society; "Abuse of the Penitentiary 
 Power," published by the Legislature of New York; 
 "Remarks on Mrs. Fry's Views of Solitary Confinement," 
 published in England; "Letter on the Pardonjng Sys- 
 tem," published by the Legislature of South Carolina. 
 His best occasional papers are: "Letter on Anglican and 
 Gallican Liberty," translated into German, and annotated 
 by the distinguished jurist, Mittermaier, who also super- 
 intended a translation of " Civil Liberty;" a paper on the 
 vocal sounds of Laura Bridgman, the blind deaf-mute, 
 compared with the elements of phonetic language, pub- 
 lished in the "Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge"; 
 a series of political articles in Putnmn's Monthly on " Na- 
 poleon and Utah," and numerous anniversary and other 
 addresses. Among his valuable writings, since his con- 
 nection with Columbia College, are his inaugural address, 
 entitled " Individualism and Socialism or Communism," 
 in which he maintains that these are the two elements 
 on which human life hinges, and that the problem is to 
 exclude neither, but to ascertain its true limits; and 
 his discourse introductory to a course of lectures on the 
 State, in the Columbia Law School, entitled "The Ancient 
 and the Modern Instructor in Politics." He was ap- 
 pointed Arbitrator of the Mexican Claims, and held that 
 position at the time of his death. 
 
 Dr. Lieber enjoyed the friendship of leaders of thought 
 
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u'lVTOy LEA G UE CL Ub. 12 1 
 
 like Kent, titory, Woolsey, and others, and must be esti- 
 mated as an active, loafical, and acute thinker, but not as 
 a specially original one. Practical rather than specula- 
 tive, though not the man to look into the grounds of 
 things or to propound brilliant solutions of difficult 
 problems, he was eminently safe as a professor. His 
 mind was rather encyclopaedic than assimilative; he was 
 given to combination, not to origination. He masticated 
 facts and swallowed them, but did not digest them, — in a 
 word, lacked imagination, and the constructive and origin- 
 ative power depending upon that faculty. His intellect, 
 unlike that of John Stuart Mill, was not one of those 
 powerful agents that dissolve facts, and precipitate their 
 dross, while preserving their essence; but was always 
 ready with reasons for this and that, always endeavoring 
 to effect a reconciliation between the Utopian and the 
 actual, always building upon accepted though question- 
 able foundations. 
 
 The honored name of Abraham Lincoln: though dead, 
 yet not dead: for men like Lincoln never die, and are 
 never bui'ied: heads the honorary list. The remaining 
 honorary members are U. S. Grant, Prasident of the 
 United States; General W. T. Sherman, United States 
 Army; Lieutenant-General P. H. Sheridan, United States 
 Army; Major-Generals Robert Anderson, A. E. Burnside, 
 "Winfield S. Hancock, Horatio E. Wright, Gouverneur K. 
 Warren, and W. F. Smith; Admiral David G. Porter, 
 Eear-Admiral Theodore Bailey, Commodore John Rodg- 
 ers, and George T. Strong, Esq., of New York. 
 
 Other officers of the armj- and navy, not honorary mem- 
 bers, but subject to half-rates only, are included in the 
 coming list: — Major-General Robert Avery, United States 
 Army; Captain Alexander S. Clark, Brevet Major-General 
 George Hartsuff, Brevet Major-General R. Ingallg, Dr. 
 
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12 2 CL UBS OF XEW YORK. 
 
 Edward Kershner, United States Aimy; Brigadier-Gen- 
 eral Kiddo, Captain C. D. Mehaffey, Colonel John Moore, 
 Major-General B. S. Roberts, Brigadier-G-eneral W. H. 
 Slidell, Colonel J. Steijiberger, Lieutenant-Colonel Frede- 
 rick Yan Yliet, and Lieutenant-Commander G. C. 
 Wiltse. 
 
 The list of members, resident and non-resident, in- 
 cluding a host of familiar names, amounts in statis- 
 tical budget to — 
 
 Paying members 1,390 
 
 Eesident members 1,005 
 
 Non residents 385 
 
 This is the largest membership in the city; and, as 
 might be inferred, the club-house is insufficient for its 
 accommodation, and any material increase would produce 
 serious inconvenience to habitues. Hence, the agitation 
 has already begun, which must" result either in a new 
 club-house or in a rigid limitation of the privilege of 
 membership. It is probable that the former event will 
 ensue, and a building committee has already been ap- 
 pointed to consider the expediency of building and re- 
 moval; although the lease of the present palatial club- 
 house has still several years to run, and previous to its ex- 
 piration, removal cannot be regarded as expedient, unless 
 a splendid edifice is to be perverted from its original intent. 
 Of names included in the list, many are too familiar to 
 be passed without special note. The Kev. Henry W. 
 Bellows, D.D., the Rev. Dr. Thomas Armitage, and the 
 Rev. O. B. Prothingham, the exponent of the new theol- 
 ogy in this country, lead the clericals. The Rev. Dr. Jo- 
 seph P. Thompson is also a member. William M. Evarts, 
 Judges Emott and Eithia::!, and a hundred or so of legal 
 b'ghts, more or less brilliant, represent the bar. WiUiam 
 
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Cullen Bryant stands the almost solitary exponent of 
 belles lettres and poetry. The genial and brilliant Dana, 
 of the Sun ; Salem H. Wales, of the Scientific American ; 
 Whitelaw Keid, of the Tribune; its lion, Mr. Greeley; 
 and others, represent the now distinctive profession of 
 journalism; and medical gentlemen are numbered hj the 
 hundred, from the eccentric, but learned and intellectual 
 Argyle Watson to Dr. J. C. Peters, of Madison Avenue, 
 or the less celebrated, but loyal struggler whose prac- 
 tice is scarcely sufficient to settle his carefully audited 
 restaurant bills. 
 
 Of pohticians it would be superfluous, almost invidious, 
 to enter upon any partial enumeration, since most of the 
 names in this department are of almost eqnal popular 
 familiarity; and the reader may be left to select them by 
 actual study of the catalogue. Parke Godwin represents 
 political criticism; and the late H. T. Tuckerman, long 
 known as a fine literary and art critic, and representative 
 of the old regime in literature, was an honored habitue. 
 
 In the literary list, also, and at the head of it in many 
 respects, must be included Major J. M. Bundy, editor of 
 the Evening Mail, who, though scarcely turned thirty-five, 
 has lifted himself by sheer force of mental power to the 
 position of one of the great journalists of New York, and 
 ranks with founders of journals like the late James Gor- 
 don Bennett, Henry J. Raymond, and the still living 
 Horace Greeley. By descent Major Bundy is of Norman 
 extraction, his pedigree being traceable to the Bondis of 
 Bondi Forest, Prance, who were represented with William 
 the Norman, at Hastings. His American ancestry dates 
 from Plymouth Rock; but his father having emigrated 
 West, young Bundy was educated at Beloit College for 
 the profession of law, which he studied in the o£5ce of 
 Senator Carpenter. His first literary hit was made as a 
 
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124 CLUBS OF NEW ran K. 
 
 pamphleteer; his first New York position was that of 
 literary, art, and musical critic on the Evening Post, v/hn-e 
 he acquitted himself in a manner felicitously illustrative 
 of Mr. Greeley's dictum that, to climb the ladder of jour- 
 nalism, a man must be able to perform the work of three 
 men creditablj'. There is a great deal of the keen critic 
 in Major Bundy's face : hence, his first metropolitan hit 
 in the finest criticism of " Lothair," in Putnam'n Monthly, 
 which that brilliant, but scrappy and unsatisfactory novel 
 by Mr. Disraeli, called forth either in England or America 
 — a criticism with which the only fault to be found .vas 
 that the novel was not exactly worth the trouble of criti- 
 cism, being really as inferior to the standard of the age 
 as a work of fiction, as were the fireworks, Roman can- 
 dles, and sky-rockets of Victor Hugo's ''L' Homme Qui 
 Bit" to the really volcanic eruptions of power displayed 
 in " Les Iliserables.'' In person. Major Bundy is a slender, 
 Poe-ish looking gentleman of five feet six; of intensely 
 cephalic organization, and genial manners. Dresses 
 rather elegantly. Is generous, to a fault, — a fast friend; 
 an able, but always honorable and courteous opponent. 
 
 If you just peer into the breakfast-room of a morning, 
 you will be likely to get a glimpse of Whitelaw Reid, — a 
 tall, handsome, genial gentleman of thirty-five, with a 
 pair of wonderfully pleasant and dreamy eyes looking 
 out, large-orbed and somewhat shrewd, from under one 
 of the most intellectual foreheads to be found in journal- 
 ism. Of Scottish ancestry, canny expresses his personnel 
 as he sits quietly at his coffee, weaving webs of editorial, 
 or wondering what is to be the next turn in the Presi- 
 dential campaign, or cogitating, perhaps, some new de- 
 vice for " bulling " the Tribune stock in the market. Like 
 Bundy, Mr. Eeid hails from the West, but is a man of 
 Eastern ideas with Western andace: else could he never 
 
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UNIOy LEA G ri; CL UB. 125 
 
 have planned that political web which captured the nn- 
 wary flj' of the Democracy, and laid it at the foet of its 
 life-lonf^- enemy. A piece of lago-work was that, demand- 
 ing boldness, craft, and long-headed strategy, of which 
 good, placid, idealistic Mr. Greeley would never have 
 been equal to the execution, and which mark his lieuten- 
 ant as a natural diplomat. 
 
 At the regular monthly meeting of February 11th, 1869, 
 the art committee was at some pains, as previously noted, 
 to prepare an exhibition, and thus an impulse was given 
 to sesthetic upholstery, if the phrase be permissible, which 
 brought its artist members into places of some promi- 
 nence. Kensett contributed his "Lake George," and a 
 couple of other canvases. Whittredge exhibited a study 
 from Tennyson's brook; A. J. Wyand, his "Coming 
 Storm," and "Emigrant Train"; Gifford, one of his pet 
 bits of Green Mountain scenery; Heade, his "View Near 
 Oyster Bay," and a study; E. C. Henry, his painting of 
 the blistered old kirk in Eulton street; Cropsey, his "Au- 
 tumn in the Mountains"; George Hall, a Spanish study; 
 Bradford, a Labrador scene; George A. Baker, a couj)leof 
 sweet pigmentary morsels; Hicks, his "Morning Walk"; 
 Fagnani, a portrait of the venerable Samuel Finley Breese 
 Morse, his "Moonrise in November," and the "Shores of 
 the Mediterranean," (now the property of the club) ; 
 Dana, his "Letter Dog"; Griswold, his "Purgatory 
 Point"; Gay, a painting entitled "Newport"; Barron, a 
 " Eising Moon"; and Ehninger, his " Spring," and the 
 spirited drawing of "Sheridan's Ride." F. B. Carpenter 
 is also on the list; though Mr. Calverly, who contributed 
 the finest medallion of Lincoln ever executed, and is mas- 
 ter of the manner of Palmer, is not a member. Neither 
 is Winslow Homer, though one of his canvases is repre- 
 sented in the property of the club. 
 
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126 
 
 CLUBS OF KUW YORK. 
 
 I had nearly forgotten that, like the Manhattan in the 
 instance of Bateman and Cranston, the club has had its 
 sensation. The body of the battle was trivial enough. 
 In the height of the draft-riots, in 1863, a certain English 
 doctor visited the club-house, and, by invitation, rode 
 down Broadway with a certain drawing-room colonel — 
 the lion of the ladies — and a certain American doctor, 
 both members of the club. That is, the former claims 
 that he was besought or beset to accept the four-wheeled 
 hospitalities of these gentlemen; and, having been ur- 
 gently besought, did thereto accede. The carpet colonel 
 did the gentlemanly thing. Having been the proposer 
 of the expedition, when he dropped out of the carriage 
 he handed Doctor No. 2 — so alleged Doctor No. 1 — the 
 amount of money needed to pay the hackman. Arriving 
 at the Metropolitan Hotel on the return trip, Doctor No. 
 2 — so runs the story, as related in the pamphlet — left the 
 carriage, handing Doctor No. 1 only a portion of the 
 money advanced by the carpet knight. Doctor No. 1 de- 
 manded the rest, and, having received it, was driven to 
 the club-house; but was soon after electrified by the in- 
 formation that the doctor had denounced him as having 
 made a petty profit out of the club. 
 
 In old days it would have been pistols and Hoboken 
 for two. But the aggrieved gentleman appears to have 
 preferred paper pellets to leaden ones as the safer of the 
 two, if not the more effective in putting down an oppo- 
 nent. Having brought the matter to the notice of the 
 club, that body refused to interfere, on the ground that 
 the affair was not within its jurisdiction; whereupon he 
 produced a very exhaustive pamphlet, explaining the du- 
 ties of clubs, lampooning his opponent on the same page, 
 and getting himself deservedly horsewhipped. Thus 
 again, was brought to the surface another question of 
 
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UNIOS LEA <i UE CLUB. I 2 7 
 
 club etiquette. Was it the duty of a club to stand spon- 
 sor for the conduct of its members? An affirmative 
 answer was perhaps the only admissible one under the 
 circumstances. One had been presented to the other as 
 a member of the club, and his conduct must inevitably 
 reflect credit or discredit on the club as a body. 
 
 In London, where the clubs gather the notables of so- 
 cial distinction, this question has long since been settled. 
 If A, as a guest, is presented to B, as a member, and B, 
 as a member, treats A in a manner unbecoming a gentle- 
 man, within or without the club-house, the club holds B 
 responsible under the rules. Even the bezique clubs of 
 St. Germain confess the propriety of doing so; and the 
 question maybe regarded as one long since settled — and 
 settled as thoroughly as any proposition of Euclid. It is 
 to be regretted, therefore, that, upon a point of etiquette, 
 both the Union League and Manhattan should, in their 
 turn, have set a false precedent, which, in justice to 
 themselves, they will hereafter find it necessary to dis- 
 avow. But to the hst. 
 
 RESIDENT MEjVIBERS. 
 
 Abbatt, Robert; Abeel, Johu H.; Acton, Thomas C; Adams, 
 Charles D. ; Adriance, John; Agnew, A. M. L. ; Agnew, Cornelius 
 R. ; Albinola, G. ; Alexander, W. V.; Allen, Ethan; Allen, Joseph; 
 AUen, William ; Almy, A. H. ; Andrews, Gfcorge P. ; Andrews, Rufiis 
 F. ; Andrews, William L. ; Augero, F. ; Anthony, R. C; Appleton, 
 Daniel F. ; Armitage, Rev. T., D.L). ; Armstrojg, John; Armstrong, 
 William; Arnold, Benjamin G; Arthur, C. A.; Arthur, William C. ; 
 Ashley, O. D. ; Aspinwall, Lloyd; Atwood, John W. ; Avery, S. P. 
 
 Babbitt, B. P. ; Babeoct, Francis M. : Bacon, D. G. ; Bailey, Ed- 
 mund S. ; Bailey, Colonel G. W. ; Bailey, Isaac H. ; Bailey, J. M. ; 
 Bailey, Latimer; Bailey, Nathaniel P. ; Bailey, W. H. ; Baird, John; 
 Baker, Benjamin P.; Baker, Francis; Baker, George A.; Baker, 
 George F. ; Baker, John; Baker, J. B. ; Baldwin, Moses G. ; Bald- 
 win, Simeon; Baldwin, Simeon, Jr.; Baldwin, T. E. ; Baldwin, W. 
 B. ; Baner, W. J.; Bangs, Francis N. ; Banks, William; Banks, W. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
12^ CLL'ISS OF SEW rOKK. 
 
 M. ; Barlow, Francis C. ; Barnard, Horace; Barnard, S. "W. : Barrett. 
 William C. ; Barron, J. W. ; Barron, Thomas; Bartholomew, J. O. ; 
 Barry, Llewellyn F. ; Bary, A. de. ; Bates, C. Francis; Bates, Levi 
 M.; Beach, A. E. ; Beadleton, Alfred N. ; Beadleston, W. H. ; Beck- 
 with, N. M. ; Beebe, Charles E. ; Beekman, Henry; Belcher, G. E. ; 
 Belden, William; Bell, Clark; Bell, George; Bellows, A. F. ; Bel- 
 lows, Eev. H. W., D. D. ; Benedict, James; Benjamin, John; Ben- 
 nett, H. C. ; Berdell, Theodore; Bergh, Henry; Berry, Nathaniel; 
 Berry, Thomas S.. ; Bigelow, John W. ; Bigelow, W. A.; Billings, 
 Frederick; Billings, O. P. C. ; Binney, A.; Bird, John E. ; Blacking- 
 ton, W. S. ; Blague, Giles; Blake, Marshall B. ; Blake, S. M. ; Blake, 
 William; Blakeman, Birdsey; Bliss, C. N. ; Bliss, George, Jr,; Bliss, 
 Justin A.; Bliss, Robert; Bliss, William E. ; Blodgett, William T.; 
 Blunt, George W. ; Bogert, H. K. ; Bogart, W. H. ; BoUes, E. L. ; 
 Bonnell, Lewis; Bonner, J.; Booth, Charles E. ; Booth, ReT. E. R.; 
 Booth, William A.; Booth William T. ; Borden, William ; Bors, 
 Christian; Botta, Vinceuzo; Boughton, William D. L. ; Bourne, 
 George T. ; Bowles, C. S. P. ; Bowne, Richard H. ; Bradford, Wil- 
 liam; Bradstreet, Henry; Breeden, Benjamin F, ; Brett, James E. ; 
 Brewster, Henry; Bridge, John; Bridge, William F. ; Bridgman, 
 William H.; Britton, John; Britton John W.; Brooks, Edward S.; 
 Brooks, Elisha ; Brooks, John, Brooks, John E. ; Brown, Augustus 
 L. ; Blown, Edward Flint; Brown, Elijah T. ; Brown, Frank G. ; 
 Brown, Henry T. ; Brown, John Crosby; Brown, Joseph H. ; Brown, 
 Thomas G. ; Brown, Walston H. ; Brown, Walter; Brownell, Silas 
 B.; Bryant, William C. ; Buckley, J. Jr.; Buckley, William F. ; 
 Budd, William A.; Buell, Henry F. ; Bultley, C. E. ; Bulkley, Ed- 
 ward B. ; Bulkley, J. E. ; Bull, E. S. ; Bunce, Seymour A. ; Bundy, 
 J. M.; Burdett, C. P.; Burr, H. A.; Burton, C. W. ; Bush, Charles 
 G.; Butler, Charles; Butlsr Charles E. ; Butler, Cyrus; Butler, 
 George B.; Butler, Heniy V. ; Butler, Richard; Button, W. B. 
 
 Calhoun, P. C. ; Camp, William A. ; Cannon, Le Grand B. ; Carle, 
 E. H. ; Carpenter, F. B. ; Carter, James C. ; Cary, W. F.; Case, 
 Watson E. ; Caylus, Ernst; Cecil, Frank F. ; Cecil, J. R. ; Chalmers, 
 Matthew; Chamberlain, E. ; Champion, Charles P. ; Chandler, Na- 
 than; Chapin, E. C. ; Chapman, H. G. ; Charlier, Elie; Chee.sman, 
 T. M. ; Cieever, John H.; Chittenden, S. B. ; Choate, J. H. ; 
 Christy, Thomas; Church, W. C. ; Churchill, Timothy G.; Clapp, 
 Everett; Clapp, John; Clark, Cyrus; Clark, J. G. ; Clarke, Henry 
 W. ; Clarke, Wed. W. ; Cleveland, John F. ; Clews, Henry; Coclrrane, 
 
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UNION LEA 6 UE CL UB. 129 
 
 John VV. ; Coddington, Jefferson; Coddington, T. B. ; Coe, S. W. ; 
 Coffin, A. M; Coffin, Paul C; Cogswell, "VV. L.; Coleman, E. ; Cole- 
 man, E. W. ; Colgate Eobcrt; Colgate, Samuel J.; Collins, Benjamin; 
 Collins, Charles: Collins, Charles B. ; Collins, George C. ; Colyer, 
 Vincent; Comstoci:, S. E. ; Connor, JolmC, Jr.; Connor, Nicholas 
 Pv. ; Connover, John T. ; Constable, James M. ; Constant, Samuel S. ; 
 Cooic, Charles T.; Cooper, Marvilie W. ; Cooper, Peter; Copcutt, 
 Francis; Cornell, John B. ; Cossitt, F. H. ; Cotterill, George W. ; 
 Cowdin, Elliott C. ; Criigin, George D. ; Crane, A. B. ; Craven, 
 Alfred M. ; Crosby, Charles P.; Crosby, John P., Jr.; Cudlipp, 
 Eeuben H.; Cushmac, G. H. ; Cushman, James Stewart; Cutler, 0. N. 
 
 Dale, Thomas N. ; Dana, Charles; Darling, William A.; Dash, 
 John B. ; Davenport, J. A. ; Davenport, John I. ; Davey, C. F. ; 
 Davies, Henry E. ; Davies, Julian F. ; Davis, Theodore M.; Davison, 
 C. A.; Davison, E, F. ; Dederick, Z. ; De Forest, George B,; Do 
 Forest, James G. ; De Jonge, J. ; Delamatcr, G. H. ; Delano, Edward; 
 Delano, Franklin H.; Denison, C. ; Denny, JohnT.; Denny, Thomas; 
 Denny, Thomas, Jr. ; Depew, Chauuoey N. ; De Peystcr, James F. ; 
 Detmold, Christian E. ; Dewey, S. P. ; Diokersou, J. B. ; Dinsmore, 
 W. B.; Dodge, Charles C; Dodge, William E. ; Dodge, AVilliam E., 
 Jr. ; Dole, Nathaniel; Doremus, E. 0. ; Douglas, J. H. ; Dow, J. M. ; 
 Dows, David; Dudley, J. L. ; Duncomb, D. S. ; Dunham, E.; Dun- 
 ham, Jamas H. ; Dunning, E. J., Jr.; Durant, Charles W. Jr.; Dur- 
 kee A. W.; Durkee, H. ; Dnyster, Ferdinand; Dwight, Colonel J. 
 F. ; Dwight, T. T. ; Dwindle, W. H. ; Dyer, Henry L. 
 
 Eaton, Dorman B. ; Edgar, Daniel; Edgar, Jonathan; Edwards, 
 James E. ; Einstein, Edward; Elliott, Frederick B. ; Ellis, J. M. ; 
 Ellis, John W. ; Ely, Jonathan S. ; Emott, James; Eno, Amos F. ; 
 Erving, John; Evarts, William M. 
 
 Fagnani, G. : Fahnestock, Harrie C; Faile, Thomas Hall; Fal- 
 coner, John ; Faucher, E. L . ; Panning, Charles ; Farwell, W. D. ; 
 Fay, Sigourney W. ; Fellows, George A. ; Felt, Edwin M. ; Ferris, 
 L. M., Jr. ; Field, Cyrus W. ; Finch, E. B. ; Fisher, Nathaniel; Fiske, 
 Josiah M.; Fitch, Edward; Fitch, George P. ; Fithian, F. J.; Fitz- 
 hugh, William A.; Flint, J. A.; Floyd, De Van Horn; Fobes, Al- 
 pheus; Fogg, William H. ; Folger, Charles T.; Folsom, Norton; 
 Forbes, P. S. ; Ford, J. E. ; Foster, J. A. ; Foster, J. H. ; Fo^vlcr, 
 John, Jr. ; Francis, David G. ; Francis, Lewis; Franklin, W. M. ; 
 Frothingham, Kev. 0. B. ; Fi-y, Horace B. ; Fiye, Jed ; Fuller, G. 
 W.; Fullerton, William; Furnald, F. P. 
 
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13^ CLUBS 01 NEW YORK. 
 
 Gadsen, H. A. ; Gaillard, Joseph; Gambrill, CD.; Gaudj', Shep- 
 pard; Garden, C. Henry; Gardner, John; Garland, J. A.; Garniss, 
 David R. ; Gautisr, Dudley G. ; Gautier, J. H. ; Gawtry, H. E. ; 
 Gawti-y, W. M. ; Geblmrd, W. H. ; Gerson, Julius; Gifford, S. K.; 
 Gilbert, Clinton; Gilbert, S. P.; Gilman, Theodore; Gilman, Wil- 
 liam C; Glassey, S. J.; Goadby, J. H. ; Goddard, F. N. ; Goddard, 
 J. Warren; Godwin, Parke; Goodhue Charles G. ; Goodwin, H. J.; 
 Gourlie, J. H. ; Gove, Ls Koy S. ; Graham, J. Lorrimer, Jr. ; Grant, 
 T. S. ; Graves, Arthnr B. ; Gray, J. C. ; Gray, John A. C. ; Gray, J. 
 P.; Graydon, William; Green, John C. ; Green, Spencer K. ; 
 Greenough, John; Greenwood, Bichard B.; Gregory, C. E. ; Griggs, 
 D. A.; Grinnell, Moses H. ; Griswold, B. W. ; Griswold, C. W.; 
 Griswold, George; Grosveaor, J. B. M. ; Groves, George M. ; Guern- 
 sey!, Egbert M. ; Guion, William H. 
 
 Hackley, C. B. ; Hackley, G. E. ; Haggerty, Ogden; Hall, Alvah; 
 Hall, Charles C; Hall, Edward S.; Hall, John H.; Hall, John T,; 
 Hall, Valentine G.; Halsted, W. A.; Halsted, James M. ; Halsted, 
 W. M. ; Ham, Samuel L. ; Hamilton, John 0. ; Handy, Parker; Har- 
 beck, J. H. , Harbeck, William H. ; Hardon, Benjamin L. ; Harriman, 
 Oliver; Hartley, Maroellus; Hastings, C. C. ; Hastings, George G. 
 Hatch, A. S. ; Hatch, E. ; Haven, G. G. ; Haven, J. Woodward 
 Havens, C. G. ; Hawes, A. C. ; Hawes, Gardiner; Hawes, G. P. 
 Hawkins, Dexter A.; Hawkins, Rush C. ; Hawley, D. Edwin; Haw- 
 ley, E. J. ; Hayden, Nathaniel ; Hazard, R. N. ; Hazard, Rowland E ., 
 Jr.; Hedden, Josiah; Hegeman, J. Niven; Hegeman, William; 
 Henriques, Prank; Henry, E. L. ; Hepworth, Rev. George H. ; 
 Herriok, Byron D. ; Herrick, J. H. ; Herrick, Richard P. ; Herter, 
 Christian; Hicks, Thomas; Higginson, J. J.; Hill, G. H. B. ; Hill, 
 Jerome L.; Hitchcock. Henry F.; Hitchcock. W. G. ; Hoag, Daniel 
 T. ; Hoffman, P. R. ; Hoffman, Samuel V. ; Holbrook, E. W. ; Hol- 
 brooke, Edmund P. ; HoUisfcer, H. H. ; Holman, F. E.; Holt, George 
 G. ; Holt, William T. ; Hoppin, William J. ; Horton, B. W. ; Hosack, 
 N. Pendleton ; Howard, John P. ; Howe, Frank, E. ; Howe, Jonah 
 Howe, J. W.; HubbeU, H. AV.; Hudson, Charles; Hunt, M. P. 
 Hunt, Richard M. ; Huntington, Daniel; Hurlbut, H. A.; Hurlbut, 
 William H. ; Hutton, Benjamin H. ; Hyatt, G. E. L. ; Hyde, T. B. 
 
 Ingalls, Henry T. ; Irwin, James B. ; Iselin, Adrian; Isbam, 
 Charles H. 
 
 Jackson, Joseph C. ; Jaffray, Edward S, ; Jamieson, Joseph A. ; 
 Jay, John ; Jay, William ; Jerome, Leonard W. ; Jessup, James R. ; 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
C.V [O.y LEA O (IE CL US. 1 3 I 
 
 Jewell, Lyman B. ; Johnes, C. A.; Johnson, Eastman; Johnston, 
 James B. ; Johnston, J. J. ; Jones, F. M. ; Judson, Charles G.; Judson' 
 W. D. 
 
 Kasson, W. Marsh; Kellogg, G-eorge; Kellogg. M. M. ; Kelly, 
 Richard ; Kendall, Charles B. ; Kendall, D. R. ; Kendall, I. C. ; Ken- 
 nedy, John A. ; Kennedy, Robert Lenoi; Kensetc, JonnF. ; Kenyon, 
 G. P.; Kin-. C. Volney; King Edward; Kirkland, Charles P.; 
 Kitchen, M. L. W. ; Kittredge, Edward C. D. ; Kneeland, Charles; 
 Knight, A. L.; Knoedler, J. ; Knoedler, M. ; Knowlton, T>. H. ; Kuehne, 
 Frederick. 
 
 Laimher, William, Jr.; Landon, Charles G. ; Lane, Josiah; La- 
 nier, Charles: Lanier, J. F. D. ; Lamed, D. R. ; Lasar, Sigismund; 
 Lathrop, William G. , Jr. ; Lawrence, D. W. ; Lawrence, E. N. ; Law- 
 rence, James W. ; Lawson, John D. ; Lawson, James, Jr. ; Learned, 
 B. P. , Jr. ; Leavitt, J. T. ; Lee, Benjamin F. ; Lee, Daniel W. ; Lee, 
 W. H. ; Lee, W. Halsey; Lefferts, Marshall; Leggett, Andrew W. ; 
 Le Roy, Daniel; Lesher, S. K. ; Libeneau, J. H. ; Lieber, Francis; 
 Lincoln, Lowell; Lindsay, John P. ; Linsly, J. H. ; Littlefield, E. L. ; 
 Livermore, Charles F. ; Livermore, W. F. ; Livingston, H. F. ; Liv- 
 ingston, John A. ; Locke, William II. ; Lord, George W. T. ; Lothrop, 
 Jeremiah; Loveridge, H. ; Low, Joseph T.; Lowrey, G. C. W. ; Low- 
 rey, G. P. ; Lowrey, J. S. ; Lundington, C. H. ; Lusk, William T. 
 
 Mabbatt, Samuel R. ; Mackenzie, M. L. ; Magoun, George 0. ; 
 Mairs, John D. ; Mali, H. W. T. ; Mali, W. W. ; Man, Albon P., Man, 
 Frederick H. ; Manice, W. D. F.; Manning, John A. ; Marsh, Charles 
 C. ; Marsh, C. P. ; Marsh, John A. ; Marsh, L. R. ; Marshall, D. D. 
 T. ; Marsnall, John G. ; Marsland, George; Marston, W. H. ; Martin, 
 John C. ; Martin, William; Marvine, W. H. ; Mason, H. C. ; Mason, 
 Joel W.; Mason, Thomas F. ; Mason, T. Henry; Matthewson, Rollin; 
 Maxwell, William H. ; McClees, William K. ; McClnre, George; 
 McGurdy, Richard A. ; McCurdy, Robert H. ; McKaye, James; 
 McMartin, Peter; McMillan, Charles; Mead, E. F. ; Mead, George 
 AV. ; Mead; William A. ; Meeker, William B. ; Meeks, John, Jr. ; 
 Meeks, J. W. ; Meyer, F. W. ; Millard, H. B. ; Miller, Ira O. ; Milli- 
 ken, David; Mills, Abraham; Mills, S. A.; Mitchell, Cornelius B. ; 
 Montross, William ; Moore, E.G.; Moore, Homer R. ; Moore, John 
 Whitley; Moore, L. C; Moore, William, H. H. ; Morgan, E. D. 
 Morgan, H. T. ; Morris, Coles ; Morrison, John A. ; Morton, Levi P. 
 Moss, Theodore; Motley, J. M. ; Moulton, G. S. ; Mowry, A. L. 
 Mudgett, B. F. ; Munn, 0. D. ; Murdook, U. A. ; Murphy, Thomas 
 Murray, D. Golden; Murray. G. W. ; Musgrave, T. B. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
!32 CLUBS OF A'EW YORK 
 
 Nast, Thomas; Needham, E. P.; Newbold, Clayton E.; Newbold, 
 George; Nichols, John H. ; Niebuhr, Charles C. ; North, Thomas M. ; 
 Norwood, Carlisle, Jr. ; Nye, Francis C. 
 
 Ockerhansen, A. F.; Olmstead, Dwight H; Opdyke, George; Op- 
 dyke, G. F. ; Opdyke, William S. ; Orton, William; Osborn, William 
 H. ; Osgood, Kev. Samuel, D.D. ; Ostrander, C. V. B.; Otis, C. S.; 
 Owen, T. J. 
 
 Paine, A. G. ; Paine, John; Palmer, Francis A.; Palmer, 0. H. ; 
 Paucoast, George; Pardt-e, Harris; Parker, Willard; Parkin, Will- 
 iam W. : Parsons, Arthur W., Jr.; Paterton, William G. ; Paulding, 
 James P.; Paxsou, William; Peabody, C. A.; Pea.son, Isaac Green; 
 Pease, Walter A.; Peaslee, E. E. ; Peck, Norman; Pulton, Guy K. ; 
 Perkins, Charles L. ; Perkins, E. H., Jr. ; Perkins, Henry V/.; Peters, 
 George A.: Peters, S. T.; Pettis, A. P.; Pfeiler, Carl; Phelps, Ben- 
 jamin K. ; Phelps, George D., Jr. ; Phelps, William Walter; Phcenix, 
 Phillips; Pierson, H. L. ; Pierson, J.F. ; Pmohot, James W,; Pink- 
 ney, James H. ; Pippe.y, B. Y. ; Place, George; Place, James K. ; 
 Piatt, John H. ; Piatt, J. N.; Piatt, S. R. ; Pleasonton, A. ; Pomeroy, 
 William L. ; Poor, H. W. ; Pope, John; Porter, John K. ; Post, Will- 
 iam; Potter, Howard; Potts, Frederick A.; Prentice, P.; Price, 
 James; Prichard, William M. ; Pride, George G. ; Putnam, George P. 
 
 Quincey, John W. 
 
 Kandail, Henry; Saymond, A,; Raymond, Charles H. ; Kaymond, 
 C. M. ; llaynolds, C. T. ; Raynor, William H. ; Eead, J. Edwards 
 Read, Thomas B. ; Read, T. T. ; Read, William G. ; Keed, Samuel C. 
 Reid, Whitelaw; Reynolds, J. C. C. ; Rhodes, J. A. ; Richardson, F. C. 
 Richardson, N. P. ; Richardson, William; Richardson, W. P. ; Bicker, 
 S. A.; Ripley, Joseph; Robb, James; Robert, Christopher R. ; Rob- 
 erts, John P. ; Roberts, Marshall O. ; Robinson, Coleman T. ; Rob- 
 inson, E. ; Robinson, H. C. ; Rodgers, Charles T. ; Rodman, B. W. ; 
 Koe, Alfred; Rogers, Columbus B. ; Roosa,*D. B. St. John; Roose- 
 velt, Cornelias; Roosevelt, James A.; Roosevelt, Theodore; Root, 
 EUhu; Ross, William B. ; Ross, William H.; Rowland, W. Frede- 
 rick; Ruggles, Samuel B. ; Buggies, H. M. ; Rumrill, Alexander; 
 Runkle, Cornelius A. ; Runkle, J. C. ; Busch, A. ; Russell, Charles 
 H. ; Sussell, J. E. 
 
 Sackett, James H. ; Salomon, Edward; Saltonstall, F. G.; Sanford, 
 J. C; Satterlee, G. C. ; Sauinier, Henry E.; Schenek, F. H. ; Schief- 
 feliu, Eugene ; Schieffelin, Samuel B. ; Schiefielin, William H. ; 
 Schultz, Jackson S. ; Schultz, Frederick; Scott, David; Scott, Will- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
U^ION LEA a UK CL b'B. 1 3 3 
 
 iam; Scoville, Tliomas L. ; Scranton, G. B. ; Scudder, Hewlett; 
 Scudder, Liuvis; Sedgwick, Henry D. ; Sedgwick, John; Sedley, 
 Henry; Seligman, Jes^e; Seligman, Jose; Selofer, J. M. ; Sewall, J. 
 N. ; Sewall, Robert; Shaler, Alexander; Shannon, Thomas V/. ; 
 Sharps, George H. ; Shattuok, W. B. ; Shaw, Samnel; Sheffield, G. 
 St. John; Shelton, C. C; Shepard, Elliot F.; Shepard, 0. H.; Sher- 
 man, G. E. King; Sherman, E. T. ; Sherman, F. K. ; Sherman, Isaac; 
 Sherwood, Warner; Shethar, Samuel; Sinclair, Samuel; Sloane, 
 Henry T. ; Sloane, J. ; Sloane, WUliam I). ; Smales, Holbert; Smith, 
 A. P.; Smith, A. M. C, Jr.; Smith, Charles S.; Smith, Edgar M. ; 
 Smith, Ethelbtrt M.; Smith, E. E.; Smith, George W.; Smith, H. 
 Erskine; Smith, Isaac E. ; Smith, J. E. ; Smith, N. D. ; Smith, S. S. ; 
 Smith, U. J.; Smith, Wil.iam A.; Snitfen, Elisha; Sdow, Michael; 
 Soren, G. W. ; Speyers, Albert G. P. ; Spofford, P. N. ; Sprague, Jo- 
 seph A. ; SprouUs, Samuel E . ; Stanton, Edmund D. ; Starr, Pi-ter ; 
 Sterling, William G. ; Stetson, H. C. ; .Stetson, Wilham F. ; Stevens, 
 Simon: Stewart, A. T. ; Stiver, Eufus M. ; Stockwell, A. B. ; Stokes, 
 James, Jr. ; Stone, John O. ; Stone, Lewis B. ; Stoughton, Edwin. W. ; 
 Strebeigh, Robert M. ; Strickland, J. W. A.; Stiuthers, James; 
 Stiirges, Jonathan; Sturges, P. D. ; Stnrges, Thomas T. ; Stnrges, T. 
 T., Jr.; Stm-gis, Frederick K. ; Suydam, D. Lydig; Swain, George 
 W. ; Swan, Ed. H. ; Swan, Frederick G. ; Swan, Otis D. ; Sweetser, 
 F. C. ; Swift, Fostrr; Swift; H. H. ; Swift, James T. 
 
 Taber, H. M. ; Tailer, Ed. N., Jr.; Taintor, G. E. ; Talbot, Charles 
 N. ; Tappan, F. D. ; Taylor, H. S., Teats, Sylvester, M.D.; Tenney, 
 Amos; Thomas, Seth E. ; Thompson, Henry; Thompson, Henry G. ; 
 Thompson, Eev. J. P., D.D. ; Thompson, Launt; Thompson, S. C. ; 
 Thomson, Eugene; Thomson, Mason; Thome, Elwood E. ; Thorno, 
 Eichard J. ; Thorne, William; Thornell, Thomas I ; Thornton, E. B. ; 
 Thoron, Joseph; Thorpe, Albert G. ; Tice, Isaac P. ; Tiffany, Charles 
 L. ; Tilney, J. T. ; Todd, Eeuben J.; Tonsey, Sinclair; Townsend, 
 E. M. ; Townsend, John J.; Townsend, E. H. L. ; Tows. Francis H. ;' 
 Tracy, John F.; Trask, Wayland; Treadwell, William E. ; Treat, E. 
 B. ; Trotter, William, Jr.; Tuck, Edward; Tuckerman, Ernst; Tuck- 
 erman, Henry T. ; Tuckerman, Joseph; Tuckerman, Lucius; Twom- 
 bly, Horatio N. ; Twombly, Howard N. ; Tyler, Christopher. 
 
 Underhill, George E. ; Underhill, J. F. ; Underbill, Jacob. 
 
 Vail, David D. ; Van Alen, J. H.; Van Buren, Thomas B.; Vance, 
 Samuel B. H. ; Vandenhoff, E. W. ; Vandervoort, William L. ; Van 
 Nest, Alexander T.; Van Nostrand, David; Van Rensselaer, Alex. ; 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
134 CLUBS OF NEW YOliK. 
 
 Van Schaick, J.; Van Schoonhoven,- Ed. ; Van Wagsnen, C. D. ; Van 
 "Wagenen. Jacob; Van Wart, Irving; Varnum, James M. ; Varnum, 
 Joseph B., Jr. ; Vermilye, W. M. : Verplanck, P. W. ; Verplanck, Rob- 
 ert N. ; Velmar, Frederick; Vyse, Thomas A., Jr. 
 
 Wade, Elias, Jr. ; Wagner, F. C. ; Waite, C. C. ; Wakeman, Abram ; 
 Walbridge, Hiram; Walcott, Bsimmin S. ; VValcott, Joseph C. ; 
 Wales, Salem H,; Walgrove, E. W.; Walter, Francis T. ; Wall, 
 Charles; Wallace, David S. ; Waller, Frank; Walraven, Ira E. ; Ward, 
 Charles H. ; Ward, George Cabot; Ward, John; Ward, J. Langdon; 
 Ward, J. Q. A.; Ward, S. G. ; Ward, Thomas W. ; Ward, W. K. L.; 
 Warner, A. R. ; Warner, H. W. ; Warner, Samuel A. ; Warren, James 
 S. ; Washburn, John S. ; Watrous, Charles; Watson, H. B. ; Watson, 
 John H.; Watson, W. Argyle; Weaver, P. G. ; Webb William H.; 
 Weeks, John A. ; Weld, George M. ; Weld, Francis M. ; Welling, W. 
 K.; Wells, James H. ; Wells, N. W.; Wendell, Jacob; Wesley, E. B.; 
 Westertield, Joseph H. ; Weston, K. W.; Weston, Theodore; Wether- 
 ell, F. E. ; Wetmore, George C; Weymau, Charles S. ; Wheeler, D. 
 W. C. ; Wheeler, E. D. ; Wheeloci, William A. ; Wheelwright, B. F. ; 
 White, Ezra; White, John H. ; Whitehead, Charles E. ; Whitewright, 
 WiUiam, Jr. ; Whitin, Henry ; Whiting, F. H. N. ; Whitman, George 
 L.; Whittredge, W. ; Wicks, George A.; Wickes, E. A.; Wilkes, 
 George; Willard, E. K; Williams, Charles P.; Willmarth, A. F. ; 
 Wilson, Monmouth B. ; Winchester, Locke W. ; Winslow, James; 
 AVinston, G. S. ; Wolfe, John David; Wood, C. B. ; Wood, Edward; 
 Wood, Isaac F. ; Wood, Oliver E. ; Wood, W. Stanard; Woodruff, L. 
 D. ; Worcester, H. ; Worth, Frank W. ; Wyeth, Leonard J. 
 
 NON-EESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Adams, Union ; Alger, Charles C . ; Allen, Julian ; Almy, J. H. ; 
 Armstrong, M. Greenville; Amoux, William H., Atkinson, George 
 P.; Avery, Robert; Andrews, E. R. 
 
 Bacon, Jnhus; Bagley, G. F. ; Ballantine, Robert G. ; Ballou, 
 David ; Bannister, W. A. , Barnes, John S. ; Barney, Hiram ; Barney, 
 Newcorab C. ; Barron John C. ; Bates, James T. ; Beebe, W. H. H. ; 
 Belcher, H. W. ; Bend, George H.; Benedict, Charles; Bigelow, A. 
 M. ; Bigelow, John; Biggs, Charles; Blake, C. F. ; Blake, F. D. ; 
 Blatchford, Smuel M. ; Blood, Henry; Bogart, John; Bond, George; 
 Boomer, L. B. ; Bowen, Holder Borden; Bowerman, H. A.; Boyd, 
 D. M. ; Brown, A. H. ; Brown, Edgar F. ; Brown, Greenville R. ; 
 Brown, J. B. ; Brown, J. Carter; Brown, James G. ; Brown, J. M. ; 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
UAIOy LEA G UE CL LfU. 1 3 5 
 
 Brown, Levi; Brown, P. H. ; Browu, Vernou H, ; Brown, W. H. ; 
 Brown, W. M. ; Brownell, J. L. ; B'.icldugham, J. A. ; Bull, Isaac 
 M. ; Barlock, W. E. ; Bushnell, C. S. ; Butler, George B., Jr. ; Butler; 
 George A.; Butl-r, W. A.; Eutterworth, J. F. 
 
 Cady, Howard C. ; Camp, Hugb N.; Carter, J. E. ; Case, B. L. ; 
 Chadwick, J. H. ; Chandler, 0. P.; Chapman, H. P.; ChaiDpell, 
 Franlc H. ; Child, Calvin G. ; Church, Benjamin S. ; Church, John B. ; 
 Clark, Freeman ; Clark, Paris G. ; Clark, Paris G. , Jr. ; Clarke, Alex- 
 ander S. ; Clarke, B. G. ; Cobb, G. T. ; Cook, Effingham ; Codding- 
 ton, Cliflbrd ; Coifing. George ; Cogswell, William S. ; Coit, Joshua ; 
 Collins, Sheldon; Colt, Koswell 0.; Gomstock, Nathaniel; Cornell, 
 A. B. ; Corse, John M. ; Cornell, Thomas; Cowles, E. P. ; Cragin, 
 "William B. ; Crear, John ; Croes, J. J. E. ; Cromwell, Edward ; 
 Cropsey, J. F. ; Crowley, Richard; Crozier, H. P. ; Culyer, J. Y. ; 
 Cummings, Spiers. 
 
 Dale, T. Nelson, Jr. ; Davenport, Charles F. ; Davies, John W. ; 
 Davis, G. F. ; Davis, John C. B. ; Davis, Noah; Davis, E. T. ; Day, 
 A. F. ; Delano, Warren; De Peyster, J. Watts; Dic-kson, Thomas; 
 Diggles, J. H. ; Dix, George W. ; Downing, A. C. ; Duer, C. A. ; 
 Dunham, James E. ; Dunton, William C. ; Durfee, B. M. C. ; Dutcher, 
 John B. ; Dutcher, Silas B. 
 
 Eakin, William S. ; Fames, F. F. ; Eddy, Thomas F.; ElUs, 
 George G. ; Ellis, J. S.; Emmett, Thomas A.; Emmett, Eichard S. ; 
 Emmett, William J. ; Erwin, C. B. ; Esterbrook, William P. 
 
 Farriugton, H. P.; Fenton, Reuben E. ; Field, Marshall; Fisher, 
 Clark; Forbes, J. M. ; Forsyth, R. A.; Frary, J. D. ; Frieze, L. B. ; 
 Frost, Luther W. ; Frothiugham, Samnel; FnJler, H. W. 
 
 Gale, Alfred De F. ; Gardiner, Thomas, Jr. ; Gardner, 3. H. ; 
 Gardner, J. H. , Jr. ; Gay, Joseph E. ; Gest, Erasmus : Getty, E. P. ; 
 Getty, Samuel C. ; Gibson, William A.; Goddard, C.; Gray, Wil- 
 liam, Jr.; Greeley, Horace; Greacen, John, Jr.; Green, Walter C.; 
 Greenleaf, A. W. ; Gregory, David H. ; Gregory, D. S., Jr. ; Griswold, 
 Chester; Griswold, John A. ; Griswold, J. N. A. ; Guiteau, J. M. 
 
 Haff, E. P.; Haight, Edward; Haines, W. A., Jr.: Hardy, A. H. ; 
 Harland, Edward; Hartsuff, G. L. ; Haskell, L. S. ; Hathway, John 
 B. ; Havens, E. S. ; Hawley, Thomas E. ; Hayes, 1. I. ; Heiser, H. 
 A., Jr.; Hill, Charles E. : Hillhouse, Thomas; Hoffman, F. S. ; Hol- 
 brooke, J. G. ; Holdane, J. H. ; HoUinsbead, J. S. ; Homans, J. S., Jr. ; 
 Homans, Sheppard; Hooper; E. W., Dr. ; Hoppin, Hamilton; Howe, 
 S. H. ; Howell, T. D. ; Howland, Francis; Howland Horace; Hoyt. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
'3^ CLUBS OF ^^EW youk. 
 
 Oliver; Hubbard, W.; Hunt, E. F. ; Hunt, H. W. ; Husted, James 
 W.; Hyatt, Stephen; Hyde, Henry S. 
 
 Ingalls, Eufus. 
 
 Jackson, P. W. ; Jackson, F. Wolcott; Jackson, J. P., Jr.; Jaj', J. 
 C. ; Jewell, Marshall; Johnson, Kowland; Jones, W. E. T. ; Jordan, 
 C. N, 
 
 Kendall, Josiah F. ; Kendall, W. B. ; Kershuer, Edward; Kiddo, 
 J. B. ; Kimball, E. J. ; King, John L. ; Knight, Austin M. ; Knight, 
 H. G. ; Knowbs, L. J. 
 
 Landon, George J. ; Lane, J. H. ; Lang, W. B. ; Lathrop, R. D. ; 
 Lathrop, William G. ; Lawrence, Cyrus J. ; Lawrence, De Witt C. ; 
 Lawrence, Justus; Lee, George F. ; Lee, H. T. ; Lippitt, Henry; 
 Lockwood, Alfred; Lockwood, Fr. M. ; Lockwood, W. B. ; Loomis, 
 Colonel J. S. ; Lord, J. T. ; Low, H. E. ; Marshall, William E. ; 
 Mathewson, Parke; Maynard, George; Mayo, William S. ; McCarthy, 
 D.; McComb, H. S.; McMillan, Sol. D. ; Mehaffey, G. B. ; Mellick, 
 A. B., Jr.; Merriam, Clinton; Metcali, H. B. ; Miles, Frederick; 
 Miller, Henry; Milliken, S. M.; Mitchell. Charles H. ; Mitchell, J. P. 
 B. ; Moody, Horace J. ; Moore, E. B. ; Moore, John; Morri.s, Gouver- 
 neur, Jr. ; Morse, H. J. ; Moulton, Francis B. ; Mowry, J. B. ; Mudge, 
 E. K. ; Murray, Nicholas. 
 
 Nichols, J. E. ; Niles, Nathaniel; Norris, S. B. ; Norvell, C. C. 
 
 Oakey, John; Osgood, James E. ; Otis, G. K. 
 
 Palmer, A. W. ; Parker, Charles; Parker, Charles E. ; Parksr, 
 Cortlandt; Payson, Samuel E. ; Pearoe, S. H. ; P. elps, Henry B. ; 
 Philp, Franklin; Pierce, B. W. ; Plummer, John F. ; Poor, Edward 
 E. ; Potter, Asa P. ; Prince, L. B. ; Puleston, J. H. ; PumpelJy, J. C. ; 
 Putnam, Charles L. 
 
 Quintard, E. A. 
 
 Eead, J. M.,' Jr. ; Eeed, J. H.; Eennie. Eobert; Eice, A. G. ; 
 Eichards, Edward C. ; Eichmond, Edward; Riggs, Eli-sha; Eoberts, 
 B. S.; Eoberts, Lewis; Eockwell, C. H. ; Eogers, Charles H. ; Eowe, 
 Charles T. ; Eussell, Charles "W. ; Eumrill, James B. 
 
 Sanford, E. S. ; Sauzade, J. S. ; Schieffelin, Sidney; Scranton, H. 
 D. ; Scribnes-, G. H. ; Seaver, W. A. ; Senger, W. A. ; Seymour, Sam- 
 uel E.; Shaw, A. B. ; Shn,v^, Francis G. ; Shepard, Charles A. B. ; 
 Shepard, W. A.; Sidell, W. H. ; S:isbj', John; Simpkius, N. S., Jr.; 
 Smith, B. E.; Smith, J. Gaul"; Smith, James B.; Smith, Walter M.; 
 Smith, William S. ; Smythe, J. Kennedy; Snyder, Louis; Southwiok, 
 J. C.;Slanton, George E. ; Sfeinberger, Justus; Stevens, B. F. ; Sti- 
 astny, L. J. ; Strong, Thomas W. ; Sullivan, Nahum. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
UiVIOS LEA a UF, CL fJD. ' 3 7 
 
 Tait, Arthur F. ; Taylor, Alexander; Taylor, Hudson; Taylor, John; 
 Terwilliger, James; Thompson, Albert; Thompson, J. Dixwell; 
 Thompson, J. R.; Tiffany, Kev. C. C. ; Titus, James H. ; Towar, 
 Thomas H. ; Townsend, Peter; Torrey, Ellsworth; Tufts, Edwin 0.; 
 Turner, N. Dana. 
 
 Vail, D. Thomas; Valentine, L. ; Van Vliet, Frederick; Vermilye, 
 W. R. ; Vose, John G. 
 
 Wadsworth, C. "W. ; Wagstaff, Alfred; Walker, George; Walter, 
 Howard; Warren, Joseph; Waters, E. F. ; Weld, Daniel; Wetmore, 
 Theodore E.; Wheeler, George M. ; Wheeler, Oscar C. ; White, 
 Horace; White, Samuel B. ; Whitehouse, J. 0.; Whiting. C. A.; 
 Whitney, J. P.; Wilcox, D. C; Wild, Alfred; Wiley, F.; Wilkins, 
 G. M. ; Williams, John S.; Williams, W. T.; Vyills, E. A.; Willse, 
 G. C. ; Wiuslow, Norris; Wolcolt, Charles M. ; Woodford, Stewart L. ; 
 Wright, J. Butler; Wylie, .John E. ; Wyman, J. C; Wyman, L. B. 
 
 Young, Henry; Yale, John B. 
 
 Zabriskie, Augustus; Zabrislde, A. O. ; Zabriskie, Lansing. 
 
 Scanning this list, the reader finds, besides those 
 noticed, a host of names eminent; from Nast, the inim- 
 itable, who bore the Grant-Greeley campaign on his 
 shoulders, and justly ranks as the first American carica- 
 turist, the broadest in style — another Dore in sarcasm — 
 to Eastman Johnson and Kensett, artists, and John Q. 
 A. Ward, the sculptor; from Samuel Sinclnir, publisher 
 of the Tribune, to Rev. Dr. Samuel Osgood, whose priest- 
 Hness wit'y Henry Clapp once described as that of a 
 man " waiting' for a vacancy in the Trinity," and Kev. 
 George Hepworth, late fledged evangelical ; from Bryant, 
 the last translator of Homer, to Sinclair Tousey, of the 
 American News Company. Names, some of these, to 
 conjure with ! 
 
 The following named gentlemen fiU the list of ofiicers, 
 and, as the cliib elects yeai-ly, are enumerated simply to 
 give a clear idea of the organization. 
 
 President — William J. Hoppin. 
 
 Vice-Presidents — Wihiam Cullen Bryant, George Gris- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
138 VLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 wold, William A. Booth, William T. Blodgett, Thomas B. 
 Van Buren, Theodore Koosevelt, Alexander T. Stewart, 
 Charles P. Kirkland, Benjamin H. Hutton, Daniel P. 
 Appleton, Otis D. Swan, Alexander Van Rensselaer. 
 
 Secretary — George H. B. Hill. 
 
 Treasurer — George Cabot Ward. 
 
 Executive Committee — Salem H. Wales, Henry F. 
 Hitch, Richard Butler, Charles Denison, Adrian Iselin, 
 Le Grand B. Cannon, Edward M. Townsend, Joseph H. 
 Choate, Charles G. Judson, Henry L. Dyer, John H. Hall, 
 Henry Clews, John F. Kensett, Lansing C. Moore, James 
 C. Carter. 
 
 Committee on Admissions -^N. Pendleton Hosack, 
 Albon P. Man, Parker Handy, William H. Maxwell, 
 Nathaniel P. Bailey, William H. Bridgman, Charles G. 
 Landon. 
 
 Committee on Publications — Benjamin Collins, Sinclair 
 Tousey, George B. Butler, Robert Bliss, Henry Whitin, 
 T. M. Cheesman, Jeremiah Lothrop. 
 
 Library Committee — Rush C. Hawkins, David G. 
 Francis, Henry D. Sedgwick, Joseph B. Varnum, John 
 H. Piatt, Charles McMillan, J. M. Bundy. 
 
 Committee on Art — George P. Putnam, Cyrus Butler, 
 W. Whittredge, John Q. A. Ward, Samuel P. Avery, 
 George A. Baker, Eastman Johnson. 
 
 Auditors — George C. Majoun, Benjamin S. Walcott, 
 Frederick H. Cossitt. 
 
 The club employs over forty servants, and has an 
 annual income from fees and dues of nearly ninety thou- 
 sand dollars, part of which, with property on hand, con- 
 stitutes the now rapidly increasing fund to be devoted to 
 the erection of a new building. 
 
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VI. 
 MANHATTAN CLUB. 
 
 CLUB-HOUSE 96 FIFTH AVENUE. 
 
 Though it did not assume corporate and permanent 
 form until 1865, the initial steps in the formation of the 
 Manhattan Club were taken in 1864. It had its origin 
 in the hurly-burly of the Presidential canvass of the year 
 last named, which resulted in the defeat of General 
 George B. McClellan, and the re-election of Mr. Lincoln. 
 The Hon. George H. Pendleton, candidate for the Vice- 
 Presidency on the McClellan ticket, is a member of the 
 association, as also are the magnates of the Democratic 
 party, not excep)ting ex-President Andrew Johnson, as to 
 whom, Mr. Johnson having once filled the vocation of a 
 tailor, Washington wits have always had a habit of quot- 
 ing the Ciceronian witticism. An oratorical tailor 
 having- electrified his audience with a very pointed 
 address, Cicero, in almost the only jeud'esprit attributed to 
 him, complimented his opponant with a witty turn of the 
 vernacular idiom, " Bern acu tetigisli," that is, the gentle- 
 man has pricked the subject with a needle — which is 
 equivalent to the EngUsh idiom of hitting the nail on the 
 head. 
 
 The canvass of 1864 had proved disastrous to the 
 Democratic party; and its mag-nates conceived the idea 
 of founding a clab which should effect a combination of 
 the social prestige incident to the Union Club and the 
 Union League, with the political prestige of still dominant 
 
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MO CLUBS 01 NEW yOKK. 
 
 Tammany — a combination not effected by any existing 
 Democratic club. The first movers in its foundation 
 were Douglass Taylor, then Secretary of the Tammany 
 Society; Street Commissioner George W. McLean; S. 
 L. M. Barlow, one of the proprietors of the World ; 
 Hon. A. Schell,, now j>resident of the club; Anthony L. 
 Robertson, since deceased; Judge Hilton, afterwards a 
 member of the Commission of Public Parks, and John 
 T. Hoffman, since Governor of the State of New York, 
 and once, in fond Tammany imagination, slated as the 
 1872 Democratic candidate for the Presidencj'. These 
 gentlemen held their preliminary meetings at Delmonico's, 
 corner of Fourteenth street and Fifth Avenue, which 
 may, therefore, be accredited with the gestation of the 
 soon powerful and active Manhattan Club inhabiting the 
 palace No. 96, at the corner of Fifth Avenue and Fifteenth 
 street. In tact, after the organization of the association 
 had been perfected, its meetings continued to be held at 
 Delmonico's, and the two Delmonicos, Lorenzo and Siro, 
 stiU appear on the list cf members. The intent was 
 to counteract the powerful politico-social influence of the 
 the Union League, so as to begin the next great wrestle 
 under conditions more favorable to success. 
 
 John Van Buren, celebrated as the Democratic wit of 
 his day, whose " whistling at a funeral" as a simile for 
 badly-articulated jubilancy went the rounds of the papers, 
 was the first president of the club, of which the present 
 presiding ofScer was then vice-president, and Anthony 
 L. Robertson, second vice-president: Manton Marble 
 was secretary, and still continues to hold that office; 
 while W. Butler Duncan held the office of treasurer, now 
 occupied by Andrew H. Green, late Comptroller of the 
 Central Park under the old rtgime of 1869, before the 
 Central Park Commission was merged into the general 
 
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UA y JJ . I TTA X (■ LUB. ' -', I 
 
 Board of Public Works, and afterwards Comptroller of 
 the city of New York ad interim. 
 
 In the summer of 1855, the association was enabled to 
 buy the premises at present occupied, for the sum of 
 $110,000, though the situation is now valued at a quarter 
 of a million; and in October of that year, the writer finds 
 the Manhattan in occupancy of its own local habitation, 
 and, like the Travelers', a body corporate, according to 
 the statute, having, in fact, been incorporated under the 
 same general act. 
 
 At the beginning, as now, the domestic affairs of the 
 association were managed by a house committee, con- 
 sisting of Hiram Cranston, Andrew H. Gi'een, and 
 Douglass Taylor; though the unfortunate occurrence of 
 the winter of 1867-8, which constituted the sensation of 
 the day, should have ended in the limitation of that body. 
 The sensation was brought about by Manager Bateman: 
 familiar to the public as the father of Miss Bateman, the 
 actress, and as her manager, as well as that of Parepa, 
 pending her first tour in this country: who, regardless of 
 the rules of the club, appears to have taken the liberty 
 of introducing a friend to the club-house. As a member 
 of the house committee, Mr. Cranston refused the attend- 
 ants permission to serve, thus putting an affront upon 
 both Mr. Bateman and his guest, which Bateman re- 
 sented by personal assault upon the offending member of 
 the house committee. Hence, the sensation, not only as 
 a physical phenomenon, but as a topic, as the journalists 
 say. 
 
 The matter occasioned a good deal of newspaper com- 
 ment. " Evidently," remarked the Herald, rather wittily, 
 taking up the cudgels for the offended dramatic celebrity, 
 " evidently, to be slapped is what some faces are made 
 for ! " But the board of governors did not condescend to 
 
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1 4 2 CL UBS O F JVEW YOEIC 
 
 accept the Herald's interpretation of the law in the case, 
 and Mr. Bateman was summarily expelled, the board 
 refusing to settle the rcatter by accepting his resignation. 
 The rencontre was useful, however, in that it brought 
 the question of etiquette under discussion. Perhaps, in 
 point of courtesy, Mr. Cranston should have jiftrmitted 
 the attendants to serve, thus omitting to humiliate an 
 unoffending stranger, and, having notified Mr. Bateman 
 that he infringed, should have reported him to the board. 
 Courtesy would have suggested this method of dealing 
 with the offence, and would have prevented not only a 
 gratuitous insult to a stranger, but a scandalous rencontre 
 at the rooms of the club. However, the magnates of the 
 board seem to have regarded the matter in a different 
 light, and expressed their opinion in the expulsion of the 
 offender, thus supporting the managing commissioner in 
 his theory of club etiquette. All the circumstances con- 
 sidered, the precedent, nevertheless, is not one to be 
 copied with justice to all parties. 
 
 The annals of the association are replete with political 
 gossip. It was in conclave held here, while the New 
 York press was speculating as to the ultimate result of 
 the Democratic National Convention at the new Tam- 
 many Hall, that Seymour and Blair were first nominated, 
 and made their first remarks accepting the nomination. 
 It has been here that most great national questions affect- 
 ing the Democratic party have been settled; the Man- 
 hattan Club being the spider, so to speak, that spins the 
 gossamer webs of policy, and manages the details of 
 campaigns, itself silent within the mahogany doors of 
 its splendid Fifth Aveniie den Here, too, have been in- 
 cubated the great railroad wars of the last decade. Here 
 Vanderbilt and Drew, both members, have met to play 
 whist, While enacting in Wall street and the courts the 
 
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3IA .y/IA TTA i\' CL UB. 1 4 3 
 
 first great railway struggle, and playing the roles of 
 opposing generals in the great battle of tactics, which 
 elevated, their names to the honor of very aggravating 
 wood-cuts in the illustrated papers. In some sort, the 
 club has always been the headquarters of the Vanderbilfc 
 coterie, and it was from the club-rooms that the railroad 
 king sent word to the judge who demanded his presence 
 in court, that he was engaged for a game of whist and 
 could not attend. In the battles that have supervened 
 between the railroad king and the Titans, Gould and 
 Pisk, the webs have here been woven, and here the details 
 of critical campaigns have been mapped out ; while Vander- 
 bilt and Jay Gould — ^for the latter is a member also — have 
 played whist according to Baldwin's rules, and tried their 
 hands at ecarte, before measuring tactics in battles 
 between the Ei-ie and Central interests. James Fisk, Jr., 
 was not a member, and appears as the only railroad 
 lord who has not made No. 96 a lounging place. 
 
 The club makes no attempt to conceal its purpose, and 
 specifies that its objects shall be to advance Democratic 
 principles, promote social intercourse among its mem- 
 bers, and provide them with conveniences of a club-house. 
 The number of resident members is limited to one thou- 
 sand, of which over six hundred are already enrolled. 
 That which in the Century is the board of trustees, in the 
 Union the managing committee, and in the Travelers' the 
 directory, is here designated as the board of governors, 
 who hold office until relieved by tender of resignation or 
 removed by decease. There are twenty-five governors, 
 who control the afiairs of the club, elect or expel mem- 
 bers, take cognizance of all infractions of the rules, and 
 fill vacancies in their own body. Nine constitute a 
 quorum, and are necessary to the transaction of business. 
 The board of governors annually elect from their own 
 
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I ',4 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 number a president, a vice-president, a secretarj'-, and a 
 treasurer, which officers also constitute the house com- 
 mittee. 
 
 In addition to the powers usually vested in the manag- 
 ing body, that is, the making of by-laws, control of pro- 
 perty, interpretation of the rules, and election of members, 
 the board of governors can, by a two-thirds vote, assess 
 the members of the club, individually, in a sum not 
 exceeding fifty dollars for any calendar year; being thus 
 invested with the power of raising thirty thousand dollars 
 for any specific purpose deemed essential to the welfare 
 of the association. The secretary has the custody of the 
 constitution and by-laws, and of the corporate seal of the 
 body, and conducts all its correspondence. The treasurer 
 is invested only with the usual duties, and must account 
 to the governors in all instances of outlay. 
 
 Admissions are very few. No one is admitted unless 
 he be twenty-one years of age; and none but Democrats 
 are eligible. The rule is to exclude all Republicans and 
 neutrals, albeit the veteran Thurlow Weed, reputed a 
 Republican, appears on the list of membership as the 
 solitary neutral or Republican habituk Every candidate 
 must be proposed by two members, and his name and 
 residence, with the names of those proposing him, must 
 be bulletined for two weeks by the secretary, before the 
 governors can act. Two black balls exclude; but a mem- 
 ber of the board may, before the meeting adjourns, move 
 a reconsideration of the vote of exclusion or admission, 
 and members of the board are bound, under pain of re- 
 moval, to strict secresy. Any candidate having been 
 balloted for and excluded, is ineligible only for the term 
 of six months, and may be renominated at the end of that 
 period. 
 
 Having been admitted, the member disburses an 
 
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M.ixnATr.iX CLUB. 145 
 
 admission fee of one linndred and fifty dollars, and an 
 annual fee of fifty dollars on the first day of October. 
 Members cannot neglect to pay dues over three months; 
 and current indebtedness at the restaurant must be 
 liquidated on demand. Members so neglecting are 
 dropped from the roll, and cannot be reinstated except 
 by vote of the governing board and the liquidation of all 
 arrears. At the Union the superintendeut is limited to 
 a profit of twenty-five per cent, on all articles dispensed; 
 but at the Manhattan the board of governors is invested 
 with the duty of fixing the rate on all articles dispensed 
 as per carte, and the superintendent cannot deviate in the 
 matter of substantials or extras. The restaurant of the 
 Manhattan is the most celebrated in the city — ejjicures 
 prefer it to Delmonico's table — and, hence, the secret of 
 its popularity as a resort of members; for no club-house 
 in the city is so uniformly the resort of club-men as the 
 Manhattan. Managers assert that, as a general rule, the 
 restaurant is unprofitable, and, in fact, seriously em- 
 barrasses the finances of the club; and, to this general 
 rule, if the testimony of habitues may be taken, the res- 
 taurant of the Manhattan forms no exception. Members 
 are required to defray all expenses of their visit before 
 leaving the club-house — that is, no accounts are kept; 
 but the rule is not very strictly interpreted. However, 
 a member cannot remain in arrears for more than a week 
 under penalty of being bulletined, in case of which the 
 steward (under penalty of summai-y dismissal) is for- 
 bidden to answer any order made by the posted mem- 
 ber, who, if he neglects to pay after a posting of thirty 
 da\s, is liable to expulsion. 
 
 The regTilar meeting of the club is held on the first 
 Thtirsday in October, and constitutes its annual reunion ; 
 but the board of governors meets monthly for the trans- 
 
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146 CLUBS Oi yEM' yOUK. 
 
 action of current business, its meetings taking place 
 at the club-hoiise, at half-past nine, P. M., on the first 
 Friday. The order of business is invariable and as 
 specified : 
 
 1. Reading and approval of minutes. 
 
 2. Calling of the roll of the board. 
 
 3. Reports of treasurer, secretary, standing and select 
 committees. 
 
 4. Motions and resolutions. 
 
 5. Balloting for members. 
 
 6. Any general business falling within the jurisdiction 
 of the board. 
 
 Any member of the board who fails to put in an 
 appearance within thirty minutes after the beginning of 
 the session (half-past nine o'clock), is liable to a penalty 
 of one dollar, and any member who shall afterward absent 
 himself without leave pays one dollar to the treasurer; 
 the fund thus created being subject to the order of the 
 board. At these meetings no member can speak more 
 than twice, and is limited to five minutes, and not more 
 than once until all other members have spoken to the 
 question in hand. The removal of employes is a part of 
 the business of the monthly meeting, which, in its de- 
 liberations, is governed by the rules of the State As- 
 sembly at Albany; and any member of the board who 
 neglects to attend for six consecutive evenings, is re- 
 garded as having tendered his resignation. 
 
 Introductions to the club-hoxise are rigorously regu- 
 lated. Mepibers may introduce persons not members, 
 residing within thirty miles of the City Hall, to the dining- 
 rooms only, in accordance with the regulations of the 
 board, that is, by entry on the visitors' bulletin; and per- 
 sons not resident within thirty miles of the City Hall may 
 be admitted to aU parts of the club-house. At the request 
 
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MAA^HATTAN CLUB. '47 
 
 of any member, however, the President of the United 
 States, Members of the Cabine', Governors of States and 
 Territories, members of all learned societies, and diplo- 
 matic agents accredited to the Government of the United 
 States, may be admitted to the club-house for the period 
 of three months; but their admission must be passed 
 upon by a vote of the board of governors. Members are 
 not permitted to give gratuities to servants, nor can 
 private dinners be ordered for parties of more than tour. 
 
 The riiless of the club-house are very strict, and ad- 
 ministered with equal strictness. Though open at all 
 hours, members cannot be admitted between the hours 
 of two and seven in the morning — a rule cojDied from the 
 regulations of the Union. The steward is not required 
 to fill any orders after one o'clock at night, and lights in 
 the card-room are not permitted after half-pasfc two. 
 All games, except whist (according to Baldwin's Laws of 
 Short Whist), are prohibited, and stakes must not exceed 
 five dollars. Smoking in the restaurant is strictly for- 
 bidden; and members must not sleep on lounges or sofas, 
 except on the third floor. Liquors cannot be served in 
 the reception room, and all damages to crockery or up- 
 holstering occasioned by any member, must be settled 
 before leaving the house. Amounts are fixed by refer- 
 ence to the first cost of the article, or the estimated cost 
 of repair, if the latter is practicable. 
 
 Quite apart from introduction is the matter of honorary 
 admission to the privileges of the club-house, which can 
 only be extended to strangers of distinction by vote of 
 the board, and is, therefore, very seldom extended at all. 
 Any member of the board may, however, extend the 
 privileges of the house to a non-resident for a period of 
 two weeks, but not to more than one at the same date, nor 
 oftener than once in sis months. However, the club has 
 
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1 48 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 occasionally entertained guests, and still occasionally 
 euteitains. President Johnson was its guest pending his 
 swing around the circle; General McClellan pays frequent 
 visits and partakes of its hospitalities; the Hon. George 
 H. Pendleton is often its lion; and the venerable ex- 
 President, now deceased, who represents the last Demo- 
 cratic incumbent, has been honored with dinner and 
 dejeuner. 
 
 Saying nothing at present of the illustrious living, the 
 association has a long list of illustrious dead. The late 
 Robert B. Minturn was a member, and one of the board 
 of governors; so was the late Gulian C. Verplanct, who 
 was identified with the formation and success of the 
 Centurj'. Everybody remembers Peter Cagger, as the 
 senior of the firm (in politics) always designated by the 
 Herald as Cagger, Cassidy & Co., and the tragedy of his 
 sudden death. Well, Cagger was a member, as Cassidy 
 still is, though the affairs of the firm have been wound 
 up. So was the great political spider, whose webs 
 governed the Democracy of the State, the not long de- 
 ceased Dean Richmond. Daniel Devhn, scarcely second 
 to the latter as a Democratic manager, Washington Hunt, 
 and Anthony L. Robertson, were also habitues ; and the 
 late James T. Brady, the brilUant and profound, has here 
 cracked his best jokes and concocted his most famous 
 pleas. John Van Buren, the " Waaiba " of Democratic 
 politics, ex-President Franklin Pierce, and ex-President 
 James Buchanan, successor of the latter and the Bourbon 
 of the same political regime:, have here met and hob- 
 nobbed with the fizzing amber; and the son-in-law ol the 
 handsome Spaniard, ancient David Dunham, who first 
 conceived the idea of ocean transit by steam — the writer 
 alludes to the late Reuben Withers, to whom August 
 Belmont was indebted for his first introduction to the old 
 
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MANBATTAN CLUB. 145 
 
 regime — has here concocted financial webs for the next 
 day's operations in Wall street. For the rest, its mortu- 
 ary list consists of the names of J. H. Baldwin, Eustace 
 Barrows, E. M. Bruce, Pierce Butler, Isaac F. Delaplaine, 
 Charles Edwards, Sai-.uel Gilman, C. S. Hecksher, Henry 
 Heyward, M. Hilger, SomerviUe Holmes, John Kelly, 
 Edward Kohley, H. J. Lyon, "William McMurray, Wash- 
 ington Murray, Warren Ncwcombe, Josiah Randall, F. 
 F. Randoph, L. R. Ryers, Isaac Scott, Thomas Sewall, 
 W. H. Wall, A. H. Ward, and John Wilson— a long list, 
 indeed, for a club so young as the Manhattan. Forget 
 not to mention, also, the whilom dramatic lion, James 
 W. Wallack. 
 
 Comparisons are invidious — odious. Still, it may well 
 happen that some members are popularly familiar, while 
 others are not. The world may be broadly separated 
 into three classes — those who make no noise in it, be- 
 cause to make a noise in the world is vulgar; those who 
 make as little noise as they can under the circumstances, 
 and would not make any at all if they could help it; and 
 those who, quack doctor fashion, make all the noise they 
 can, noise being their stock in trade. Of the first class, 
 the club numbers many; and of the second a consider- 
 able number, whose names are familiar in politics, law, 
 and letters. Manton Marble and William Henry Hurlburt, 
 both of the World, and the latter its San Domingo cor- 
 respondent in 1870,with William C. Prime, represent jour- 
 nalism; although the Hon. James Brooks must be re- 
 garded as a journalist, as must the pale-faced but active 
 Ben Wood, both of whom appear on the roll. August 
 Belmont, S. L. M. Barlow, and Samuel J. Tilden, consti- 
 tute a trio often mentioned together, and, in some re- 
 spects, a sort of trinity in Democratic politics. With the 
 assistance of Manton Marble, this trinity is popularly 
 
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150 CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 supposed to edit the World. City Comptroller R. B. Con- 
 nolly; J. J. Bradley, the owner of the Leader; Peter B. 
 Sweeny, whom somebody aptly terms the spider of Tam- 
 many politics; A. Oakey Hall, lately Mayor of the city; 
 William M. Tweed, who owns the only historical diamond 
 in this country, and John T. Hoffman, represented until 
 1871 the Tammany wing of the Democratic party, 
 though both wings did, iiutil that time, act in concert. 
 George Ticknor Curtis, the biographer of Daniel Web- 
 ster, and Thurlow Weed, his own biographer (see the 
 Galaxy), are the literary habituea of the club, which, in 
 law, is represented by Judge Hilton, Samuel G. Courtney, 
 Judge Barnard, Judge Russell, Judge Clcrke, Judge 
 Daly, Judge Ciu'tis, Judge IngTaham, Judge Comstock, 
 Judge Garvin, learned and eloquent O'Conor, brilliant 
 and impulsive O'Gorman, and keen and thoughtful 
 John E. Burrill. Lester Wallack and Joseph Jefferson 
 are the dramatic members, and the gallant Slocum 
 is the sole representative of military celebrity. Ex- 
 GoTernor Horatio Seymour and ex-President Andrew 
 Johnson appear on the roll. John J. Cisco, the banker, 
 ex-Mayor C. Godfrey Gunther, ex-Comptroller Andrew 
 H. Green, the jjopular Douglass Taylor. Wilson G. Hunt; 
 the German orator, Oswald Ottendorfer; the three rail- 
 way kings — Vanderbilt, Drew, and Jay Gould; the fiery 
 Western Pendleton, and a dozen others, might be men- 
 tioned, only it is not worth the while to print the whole 
 roll in advance. 
 
 Of all institutions of its kind in the city, the Manhattan 
 Club is, with the possible exception of the nev.r-fangled 
 though poptilar Lotos, most frequented by its members, 
 — a fact partly referable, no doubt, to the reputation of 
 the restaurant. Stop in front of the palace, No. 96 S'ifth 
 Avenue, and note the current of habilues going and com- 
 
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MANBA TTA N CLUB^ I 5 1 
 
 ing, entering and departing, gossipping, hob-nobbing, 
 and enacting the club habilua with all the lieartiness of a 
 member of the Royal Beefsteak. Or if you happen to 
 be curious, as most atoms of humanity are, puU the 
 bronze knob at the door, and ask for somebody — no mat- 
 ter who it may be, so long as it affords an opportunity 
 to stay long enough to take a few random notes of celeb- 
 rities. 
 
 Vanderbilt, Drew, and Jay Gould are what are termed 
 regulars; and as three railroad kings, who have been 
 put to the indignity of frequent wood-cuts in the illus- 
 trated weeklies, it is worth the trouble to give them a 
 sitting. Fancy a gentleman of sis feet in his stockings, 
 and neither slender nor heavy, yet erect as an Apollo, 
 and you have Vanderbilt, probably the most magnificent 
 example of Americanism in manhood ever quoted as its 
 physical representative. There is the unfailing fur-bor- 
 dered overcoat, too, which, with its owner, has been sub- 
 jected to the penalty of one of the woi'st bronzes ever per- 
 petrated, just because Albert De Groot has an inclination 
 to toadyism. One's first impression of Vanderbilt is that 
 he is a man of steel; and there is a steely glint in his 
 grayish-blue eyes that reinforces the impression. His 
 face is Grecian in its cutting, and as cold, impassive, and 
 fixed as a cameo — having no equal, in this respect, with 
 the possible exception of that of Horace B. Claflin ; and 
 sternness, even to the climax of the imperative, marks 
 every word and motion — crops out in the put-down of 
 the foot, as well as in the set expression of the rather 
 thin lips. Talks very little; walks with a firm, elastic 
 gait, setting down his foot at every step as if he would 
 say, " Stay there till I take you up again." Is addicted 
 to whist, and handles the cards almost with the skill oj 
 a professional. 
 
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132 CLUBS OF XEW YORK. 
 
 Daniel Drew has a great deal of the look and manner 
 of a man of iron, or an ancient Indian sagamore, his 
 Indian-like physiognomy serving- to carry out the illusion 
 to perfection. Painted to the mind's eye, the old saga- 
 more is a man of five feet ten, rather angular, slightly 
 stoop-shouldered, and giving the impression of a gentle- 
 man consisting of nerves and biliousness in about equal 
 proportions — a single Titanic liver permeated with a ner- 
 vous system. As might be suspected, his physiognomy 
 is Roman, of the most Ca;sarian description, with the 
 eagle-like beak that made ancient Csesar the beau ideal of 
 an executive. The world produces few personnels of 
 that sort in these daj's, when people have no salient an- 
 gles, and are — morally, mentally, and physically — as 
 round as pumpkins, and pretty nearly as deficient in in- 
 dividuality. In the Spartan age of New Ycrk they were 
 many. Everj'body was not an exact copy of everybody 
 else, and people had dramatic point, piquancy, and flavor 
 in their composition, as they have in the books of Mr. 
 Dickens or in old comedies. Vanderbilt and Drew are 
 relics of the Spartan age, and illustrate it fairly — the 
 former in his grand, self-centred, semi-epic career, as a 
 steamboat and railroad hero; the latter as one of the 
 longest-headed and most imperturbable of speculators. 
 A volcano might break out under the very heels of either 
 of them, without shaking their equanimity to the extent 
 of a jot. Mr. Drew has a walk of his own — a sort of 
 striding gait as if he was going after something and did 
 not intend to come back till he got it — which suggests 
 nothing else so vividly as an Indian on the trail of 
 game. 
 
 Observe that thin, quiet, critical gentleman, lounging 
 passively on the sofa in the sitting-room. For anything 
 in his dress and manner he might be taken for a Meth- 
 
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LIANUATTAN CLUB. '53 
 
 odist clergyman excogitating a sermon on doctrinal 
 points or meditating a revival, or a member of the press 
 concocting the details of a sensation. His forehead is 
 abnormally high and of the speculative cast generally as- 
 sociated with philosophers and reformers; but as his 
 dark hair is closely cropped, it is obvious that he is not 
 a member of the clan. Besides, what should a reformer 
 be doing at the Manhattan Club ? Vanderbilt nods to 
 him — so Drew — and neither of these gentlemen would 
 be apt to nod to a reformer. So, who is he ? To parody 
 "Timothy Titcomb ": — 
 
 What are the links, 
 
 And the curious kinks, 
 
 Of the gossamer train, 
 
 The little man weaves in hi.s comical brain? 
 
 Railroad webs of monopoly, of course. The little Method- 
 istic-looking gentleman is Jay Gould, so long the brain of 
 that noisy body corporate known as Prince Erie, of which 
 James Fisk, Jr., was merely the hand. There is a remi- 
 niscence of the spider in the man's composition. His 
 very manner has an unpleasant suggestiveness of webs 
 in which you may possibly get caught. Not a dangerous 
 man, physically considered, you argue to yourself, but so 
 secret — so like a spider in his den, concocting traps for 
 some poor, innocent iiy of Wall street, and mumbling as 
 it disposes the clammy filules into a web as strong as 
 steel, — 
 
 "The way into my parlor is up a winding stair. 
 And I have many pretty things to show you when you're there." 
 
 With that man to plan the campaign and Mr. Fisk to 
 execute, you have solved the problem of Prince Erie. 
 Gould needs a man like Eisk to attend to the rough 
 work of campaigning — which he is too fastidious and 
 
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154 CLUBS OF NE^Y TOliK. 
 
 gentlemanly to soil his hands with. To take away Fisk 
 was to rob the brain of its hands — nothin:^ more. The 
 brain is still what it was, but, wanting hands, powerless 
 in battle. So Jay Gould and James Fisk made a man, 
 together; but apart, one of them can simply concoct 
 without executing, while the other would have fulfilled 
 the conditions of his existence by working blindly, though 
 energetically, and somewhat at random. 
 
 That dark, clerical-looking person, who has just 
 lounged in, apparently in a fit of abstraction, is George 
 Ticknor Curtis, the biographer of Daniel Webster, and a 
 profound master of political and legal problems. Atten- 
 uated by no means expresses his exceeding thinness ; and 
 retrousse- is no term for the vicious, saucj", inquisitive, 
 audacious upward curve of his thin Bclmont-ish nose. 
 Man was never more quiet: man, dead and buried, and, 
 therefore, as quiet as it is possible for humanity to be- 
 come under the most advantageous circumstances, could 
 not be more so. His voice, when he speaks, which is 
 seldom, is thin and hacks a little, like that of a consump- 
 tive. About five-feet-seven, with the limbs of an Egyp- 
 tian, his physique suggests a molecule of humanity run 
 wholly to brains — a suggestion which is reinforced by 
 the height and frontal expansion of one of the most intel- 
 lectual foreheads frequenting the Manhattan; so that, 
 somehow, you get the impression that it must be terribly 
 hard work for that little body of his to tug it about. 
 However, Mr. Curtis is an orator, notwithstanding all 
 these drawbacks, and somewhat popular on the rostrum, 
 though too logical and exact, as well as too hard and un- 
 sympathetic, to be effective with the masses. To hear 
 him is like hearing a brain talk, not a man. Indeed, a 
 sort of ganglion — a network of nerves he is, terminating 
 in a head-centre, with no physique to speak of. Mr. 
 
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MA.VBATTAy CLUB. 155 
 
 Curtis stoops a little, and walks with the carefulness and 
 precision of a man walking- on eggs, or having glass toes, 
 and living in imminent dread of snapping some of then] 
 off. Dresses neatly, quietly, almost clerically. Is emi- 
 nently a gentleman in his m£innei-s, though a trifle book- 
 ish. Suggests, in fact, a legal volume in waistcoat and 
 pantaloons of the latest cut. Curtis naturally prefaces 
 the banker, lover of good blood in horses, and rather ele- 
 gant millionnaire, August Belmont; for physically there 
 is a sort of kinship between the two men, tliough Belmont 
 is of full habit, and limps a little in consequence of an 
 ancient encounter in the duello. The latter has a florid 
 complexion, too, suggestive of Old Port and high living, 
 but is not corpulent. Of late year.'i Belmont wears Eng- 
 lish whiskers, and makes up in the mannei of theEnglish 
 gentleman. Imagine a man of five feet eight — ratlierless 
 than more — with a large head, a round physiognomy, just 
 the merest trifle joiiffiu, a slight stoop of the shoulders, 
 and in carriage rather ungraceful th.an graceful. Imagine 
 this gentleman with black bushy hair, just sprinkled witli 
 gray and cropped short, a pair of keen black eyes peering, 
 out from under heavy eyebrows, a retrousse nose, and an 
 English complexion. Imagine this bundle of descriptive 
 points very carefully enclosed in a suit of yellowish gray, 
 with one button of the coat fastened over the shirt-front, 
 and you have a walking photograph of Augiist Belmont, 
 the senior of that Democratic trinity represented by Bel- 
 mont, Barlov/, and Tildeu, of which Man ton Marble is 
 informally the secreiary, and the World the political 
 organ. Physically, the resemblance between Belmont 
 and Curtis is curious, the latter being a sort of attenuated 
 edition of the former. There is the same head, the same 
 body, reinforced with good living in the one, in the other 
 suggestive of deficiency in protoplasm; the same walk. 
 
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150 CLUBS Ot NEW YOIiK. 
 
 though heavier in the instnnce of the heaviei- gentleman 
 of the two; the same phy.siog'nomy in all respects, though 
 Belroont's face is full and that of Curtis very atteuiiated ; 
 and, withal, there is something dogmatic in the manner 
 of both. The hacking* voice of Curtis is, again, what Bel- 
 mont's would be with a similar lack of vitality; and it is 
 a wonder that nobody has suggested the latter as the 
 dnppel ganger of his better-develo]ped confrere at the Man- 
 hattan. Belmont affects the English aristocrat, and, hav- 
 ing married the daughter of Commodore Perry, moves 
 in the old Knickerbocker circle. 
 
 Manton Marble drops in very seldom — is, in fact, a 
 sort of journalistic recluse and valetudinarian, dining oc- 
 casionally with his political friends, hut seldom appear- 
 ing in public. There is a Fifth Avenue palace, near For- 
 tieth street, where you may find him during business 
 hours. You knock, and the door is jjarfcly opened by a 
 duenna-Yika old woman, who asks you what you want, 
 with a manner that says very distinctly that you can't 
 get it by any connivance of hers. Here Mr. Marble, like 
 a modern sort of Atlas, carries the daily World on his 
 shoulders, finding it, perhaps, a greater burden than his 
 Greek grandfather did. You can send in your card, if you 
 like, but you will scarcely be accorded an interview un- 
 less armed with special letters of introduction, in which 
 contingency you may possibly get admittance to the 
 lion's den. In manners, Mr. Marble is the quintessence 
 of quietude; in breeding and social ideas, affects the old 
 regivie, numbering his society friends mostly from the 
 pld Knickerbocker stock. 
 
 Take a more accessible subject for a crayon — the 
 jovial, clever Douglass Taylor for example, to whom, with 
 3, f^w select spirits, the club is indebted for having existed 
 nt 9.11, and who is one of its most inveterate frequenters. 
 
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MAAMATTAy CLUB. I 57 
 
 Of fnll habit, Mr. Taylor suggests the gentleman of 6ow- 
 homie in combination with the keen, practical sagacity 
 of the clever polirical manager. A full, round, baritone 
 voice issues from the massive physique, with an off-hand 
 sort of — " How are you, sir ?" A pair of grayish-blue 
 eyes at the same in.gtant appear to wonder what you 
 want, and to be reading you like a book. Here is the 
 Roman physiognomy again, with plenty of executive 
 ability, tempered with good humor, and one of the larg- 
 est hearts in the whole circle of politics. Mr. Taylor is 
 a man of forty-five or thereabout, and has the air of being 
 on excellent terms with Douglass Taylor and the rest 
 of the world. Has brown hair, cropped closely; is rather 
 swart of complexion than rubicund, having, in fact, a 
 Creole skin, and moves 'urith the manner of a man accus- 
 tomed to mastery of the situation. In manners, is easv, 
 natural, and graceful. In address, eminently frank. 
 
 That tall, slender gentleman, with grayish hair, and 
 eyes that laugh in spite of the serenity of his face, is 
 Andrew H. Green, formeriy Compti-oUer of the Central 
 Park, in the office of which was won his splendid repu- 
 tation for executive ability. Quick, nervous, impetuous, 
 and almost abrupt as is his address, his motion is as 
 graceful as that of James Gordon Bennett, Jr., a paragon 
 in that respect; and, withal, there is a similarity between 
 the two men in more respects than one. Mr. Green is 
 not an inveterate habitue, and, like Marble, only drops in 
 occasionally when something extraordinary is on the 
 carpet. There is nothing suggestive of the politician 
 about him, except in the shrewdness that lurks in the 
 corners of his eye.?, and the irou set of an exceedingly 
 firm mouth, that warns you that the owner can be both 
 bitter and implacable, and can bide his time for both. It 
 IS a face rather light than heavy that surmounts the aris- 
 
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'5*^ CLUIiS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 tocratically-sloping shoulders, and one that in youth 
 must have been delicately handsome. But the nose in- 
 dicates the man ; and here you have a nasal aj^pendix 
 of the exact pattern of that which rendered Lord 
 Brougham's face so individual. It is a nose as executive, 
 and more dogmatic than the Cffisarian, not retrousse, but 
 with just an inclination to be so. Prof. Huxley carries 
 a similar proboscis, and exhibits in his writings all the 
 traits that accord with it ; and one may imagine that 
 Carlyle's demi-god and hero, old Fritz, had it, too — for 
 his career was in unison with a nose of exactly that sort. 
 In fact, it always frequents the physiognomies of people 
 remarkable for audacity, and for a disposition to make 
 coups d'etat, both of which have been more than once 
 ilkistrated in the public services of Mr. Green. For the 
 rest, the late comptroller dresses neatly, even elegantly, 
 emulating Mayor Hall in the faultlessness of his ensemble, 
 and is eminently courteous in his manners, though apt 
 to be a little brusque, which is, no doubt, occasioned by 
 the possession of that same Brougham nose ; converses 
 easily and fluently, and is an excellent essayist, as wit- 
 ness his frequent appendices to the Central Park reports. 
 If you happen to be attracted by the swinging gait of 
 a gentleman in black, whose clothes appear to have been 
 put on him without particular regard to fit, and who 
 suggests a clergyman puffing a cigar, or a Mephistopheles 
 doing the same, you may set him down for Hon. Benja- 
 min Wood, in club parlance dubbed Cadaverous Ben ; 
 and if this same gentleman happens to wear his " Knox " 
 at an angle of one hundred and twenty with the spinal 
 column, 'ih.e'n you may be positive that you have had a 
 glimpse of the great anti-war editor and pohtician, whose 
 name in 1864 was synonymous with copperhead. Pallid, 
 ghastly pallid, pallid as that of a man who, by accident. 
 
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MA XHA TTA X UL UB. I 5 9 
 
 Las eluded burial — this is one's first impression of the 
 Deniooratic ex-leader, to whose opposition may be traced 
 the defeat of McClellan in the State of New York. But 
 bolder and more individual physiognomy never topped 
 shoulders everlastingly covered with clerical black. The 
 man moves as if propelled by steam, or a galvanic bat- 
 tery, cunningly inserted somewhere inside of him, and 
 sending simultaneous waves to everj' muscle in his an- 
 gular body. Momentarily, one expects to see him shake 
 his hat off, or loosen some part of his jDhysique and drop 
 it as he walks, swinging his long bony arms with a get- 
 out-of-the-way sort of gesticulation that suggests the 
 propriety of yielding their owner the whole walk if ne- 
 cessary. His phsiognomy is original, not to say aborig- 
 inal. In fact, not so swarthy in comp>lexion, it ia as 
 ludian-hke as that of Drew, and rather more so. There 
 is the same tendency to what engineers term triangula- 
 tion, running through the whole ensemble, and regulating 
 it at all points. Somebody has said that a man's nose is 
 a commentary on the whole of him taken together. 
 Granted this apothegm, and one may solve the riddle of 
 Mr. Wood's career as a journalist and politici n. A 
 cross between the Caesarian and the Brougham proboscis, 
 the owner has something of the audacity and dash of 
 the latter, with something of the cautiousness and im- 
 passive firmness of the former. From the latter he gets 
 his fondness for taking risks ; from the former his im- 
 perturbability in playing, which renders him a rather 
 doughty antagonist, either at the tabic or in the game of 
 politics. In manners and conversation, a strange com- 
 mingling of abruptness and impassiveness ; in physical 
 make-up, suggesting nothing else so vividlj' as a cadaver, 
 walking, talking, and gesticulating by means of a gal- 
 vanic battery inside of it; a bloodless creation, without 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
l6o CLUBS 01< :iJiW YORK. 
 
 an atom of living, sympathetic humanity in its whole 
 composition, such seems Ben Wood. 
 
 A. Oakey Hall, known in club circles as elegant Oakey, 
 is a personage of another sort. There is a soupfon of 
 the traditional Brother Jonathan in his personnel. In a 
 Lord, he looks the Yankee having passed through what 
 the Germans call the j^rocess of elegantirung, for which 
 English has no word and American no coinage. Dress- 
 ing elegantly — rather stylishly, in fact — graceful in mo- 
 sion, with a stylish physique, he is the very beau ideal 
 of a club-man, and, to employ an adjective common in 
 J oudon, has an eminently clubbable disposition. An 
 orator of s^ome merit, if Mr. Hall has one besetting sin, 
 it is the endless repetition of ex un disce omnes and other 
 Latin phrases, in which respect his only rival is the pe- 
 dantic John A. Dix. 
 
 For the rest, it is not often one meets the stern, fate- 
 tike face of Hoffman, or the broad, good-humored and 
 foxy, yet powerful phiz and physique of William M. 
 Tweed, at the Manhattan. Members they are; but 
 Hoffman is not clubbable, and Tweed, who has waxed 
 surly of late, frequents the Blossom in the Winter, camp- 
 ing out with the Americuses during the Summer season. 
 
 The membership is a trifle over six hundred; the in- 
 come from annuals over thirty thousand dollars a year. 
 
 The servants at the club-house, ushers, and the like, 
 wear livery, in the blue dress suit with gilded biittons ; 
 but the supei-intendent is exempt from the uniform. 
 Forty servants are employed. The reading-room is 
 bountifully supplied with leading political publications 
 current, and the library with plentiful tomes of refer- 
 ence. The rooms are hung with engravings, and por- 
 traits of deceased members are procured when procur- 
 able. For the rest, political celebrities, by the dozen or 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
MA .VITA T TA y OL VB. 1 6 I 
 
 hundred, look down from the walls on the weaving of 
 political webs by their successors in business; and, on 
 any evening of the week, one may here meet any number 
 of famous political spiders. 
 
 LIST OP MEMBERS. 
 
 Ab'oott, Josiah G. ; Adams, D. W. ; Adams, AVilliam H. ; Agnew, 
 John T.; Alker, Henry; Allen, Daniel B. ; Allen, Franklin; Allen, 
 Henry W. ; Allen, William B. ; AUen, William F. ; Alstyne, John ; 
 Anderson, John; Andrews, Constant A.; Arkenburgh, Eobert H.; 
 Armstrong, C. W. ; Arnot, Stephen T. ; Ashley, L. Seymour; Atkin- 
 son, Richard; Austin, William; Averell, William J.; Averell, H. W. 
 
 Babeock, D. M. ; Baby, Francis '&.; Baker, Frank; Baldwin, 
 
 C. C; Banks, Edward M. ; Bancroft, E. W.; Banker, James H. ; 
 Bangs, N. D. ; Barbour, Alex-.mdtr D. ; Bai-ney, D. N. ; Barnard, 
 George G.; Bartlett, J. J.; Barbour, John M. ; Barlow, S. L. M. ; 
 Barger, Samuel F. ; Barboar, Thomas; Barnum, William H.; Bar- 
 rett, William C. ; Baxter, A. J. ; Baxter, H. H. ; Bayard, James A. ; 
 Becker, Henry; B 11, Seneca M. ; Belmont, August; Benrimo, Bar- 
 row; Bornheimer, Isaac; Berret, James G. ; Biederman, E. H. ; 
 Bishop, E. F. ; Bissell, George H.; Bissenger, Philip; Bishop, Wil- 
 liam D. ; Black, William H. ; Bliss, William E. ; Boardman, Samuel; 
 Eoese, Thomas; Bond, Thomas H. ; Boomer, L. B. ; Bostwick, H. A. ; 
 Boyle, Edward; Boyle, John P. ; Bradford, S. Dexter; Brady, John E. ; 
 Bradley, John J.; Brandon, Edward; Brengijr, M. D. ; Brougham, 
 John; Brooks. James; Bryan, John; Bryce, T. Tileston; Bryce, 
 James; Buckley, Thomas G. T. ; Bullock, James B.; Burnham, 
 Gordon W.; Burrill, John E.; Bush, M. P.; Butler, William A.; 
 Butts, Isaac. 
 
 Caldwell, W. Shakespeare; Cameron, Eoderick W. ; Cammack, 
 Addison; Carnocban, John M.; Carr, Lewis; Carver, B. F. ; Cas- 
 sidj', William; Case, Rufus D. ; Casserley, Bernard; Chamberlain, 
 
 D. Drew; Chamberlain, I.; Chandler, Henry E. ; Charlick, Oliver; 
 Church, Gaylord; Church, Walter S. ; Cisco, John J.; Clapp, N. D. ; 
 Clai-k, Horace F. ; Clark, George C. ; Clason, Augustus W. ; Clem- 
 ents, Nelson; Gierke, Thomas W. ; Gierke, William B. ; Clinton, 
 Henry L. ; Cobb, Daniel; Cockrolt, Jacob H. V. ; Coggeshall, H. G. ; 
 Coit, E. W.; Coleman, William T.; Colvill, Alfred; Comstock, 
 George F.; Connolly, Charles M. ; Connolly, Eiohaid B. ; Cooper, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
1 62 CLUBS OF iv£yy youk. 
 
 Edward; Cooper, Henry "VV. ; Cooper, Joseph M. ; Cooper, Wil- 
 liam B., Jr.; Corlier;, Edward L. ; Corlies, Joseph W.; Corning, 
 Edward W.; Corning, Erastus, Jr.; Cottsrill, J". P. C. ; Courtney, 
 Samuel G. ; Couves, G. W. ; Cox, John W. ; Cox, Samuel S. ; Craig, 
 James B. ; Cranston, Hiram; Crawford, David; Creamer, Thomas J. ; 
 Cummings, C. P.; Curtis, George Ticknor; Curtis, George M. ; 
 Curtis, William E. ; Cutting Eobert L., Jr.; Cuyler, Richard M. 
 
 Bailey, William J. F. ; Baly, Charles P.; Darling, Alfred B. ; 
 Davies, Henry E., Jr.; Da vies, John M. ; Davis, JohnG. ; Davis, 
 J. Whyte; Davis, Samuel M. ; Day, Henry; Day, Thomas D. ; Deas, 
 Zachariah C. ; De Bary, Frederick; Decker, N. H. ; De Forest, 
 WiUiam J.; Delmonico, Lorenzo; Delmonico, Siro; De Visser, 
 Simon; Devlin, Jeremiah, De Wolf, Delos; Donnelly, Edward C. ; 
 Doolittle, J. K. Jr. ; Drew, Daniel ; Duncan, Henry P. ; Duncan, 
 Samuel P.; Duncan, Stephen, Jr.; Duncan, W. Butler; Durand, 
 Harvey ; Durant, Thomas C. ; Durf ee, Philo ; Duryee, Abram ; 
 Dzondi, Euzene. 
 
 Earnshaw, John W. S. ; Earle, James; Edgerton, Lycurgus; Eld- 
 ridge, Titus B. ; Elsberg, Louis; Ely, Smith, Jr.; Eudicott, 
 George M. ; Evans, Thomas Coke. 
 
 Fachiri, P. A. ; Fachiri, Theodore; Fairchild, Sidney T. ; Fancher, 
 Smith; Fargo, William G. ; Fellows, Richard C. ; Fellows James W. ; 
 Ferguson, Yates; Ferry, Theodore S. ; Field, Edward G. ; Fielding, 
 M. B. ; Fillmore, Millard; Fischer, Frederick; Fisher, Thomas E. ; 
 Fisher, James K. ; Fizinnia, T. , Flint, Thompson J. S. ; Florence, 
 William; Flournoy, Lafayette M. ; Forrest, George J.; Foster, 
 Henry A. ; Foster, WiUiam ; Fox, John ; Freeman, David V. ; Free- 
 man, Henry O. ; FuUer, George W. 
 
 Gallatin, J'omes; Galway, William T.; Gardner, Henry J.; Gard- 
 ner, James, Gardner, John R. ; Garland, John R. ; Garner, James G. ; 
 Garrison, Cornelius K. ; Garrison, William E. ; Garr, George; Gar- 
 vin, Samuel B. ; Gemmell, Thomas; George, John W. ; Gibson, 
 David; Gilbert Clinton; Gimbernat, Jules R. ; Glover, Robert O.; 
 Goepp, Max.; Goodridge, Frederick; Goodyear, George G. ; Gor- 
 don, William J.; Gould, Jay; Graefle, D. H..; Graham, W. Irving; 
 Grant, D. B. ; Grant, W. L. ; Green, Andrew H. ; Green, Noi-vin; 
 Greene, Martin E.; Greene, JohnW. ; Greenfield, Thompson; Greer, 
 George B. ; Grinnell, Henry; Gunther, C. Godfrey; Gunther, 
 Fras. Frederick; Gurnee, Walter S. ; Garteen, S. Humphreys. 
 
 Haiftht, Edward; Haldaman, E. J.; Hallet, Eobert W. ; Hall, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
MANHATTAN CLUB. 163 
 
 Charles B.; Hall, George C; Hall, O. E. ; Hall, A. Oakey; Halsey, 
 George A.; Hamilton, William H. ; Hammond, William A.; Handy, 
 Truman P.; Harbeck, William H.; Hard, Samuel B. ; Harney, 
 Charles H. ; Harned, Samuel W. ; Harris, Townsend; Hart, Benja- 
 min; Hart, Emanuel B. ; Hardenbm-gh, John A.; Harrier, Calixte, 
 Harvey, A. H. ; Hatch, Rufus; Hayden, J., Jr., Henneu, William D.; 
 Henry, Henry S. ; Herbert, George F. ; Herrick, Edwin; Hewitt, 
 Abram S. ; Hildreth, David M.; Hilton, Henry, Hoffman, John T.; 
 Holberg, Ernest AV. ; Howell, D. G, ; Howes, Keuben W. ; Hoy, 
 James: Hoy, Joseph; Hoy, Robert T.; Hoy, V/illiam E. ; Hughes, 
 David M. ; Hull, Joseph J. ; Hunt, Wilson G. ; Hunter, John; 
 Hurlburt, William H. ; Hutchings, Robert C. ; Hyman, Robert W. ; 
 
 Ingraham, Daniel P. 
 
 Jackson, Eugene J.; Jackson, George R. ; James, Frederick P.; 
 Jarvis, Algernon S. ; Jarvis, Nathaniel, Jr. ; Jarvis, R. W. H. ; Jeffer- 
 son, Joseph; Johnson, Andrew; Johnson, H. A. ; Jones, Charles C, 
 Jr. ; Jones, David ; Jones, Samuel ; Justh, Emil. 
 
 Kaufman, Samuel; Kelly, Eugene; Kelly, William; Kendall, 
 Daniel B. ; Kerner, Charles H. ; Kernochan, James P. ; Kidd, 
 George M. ; Kidd, James; Kilbreth, James T. ; Kingsland, A. C. ; 
 King, David James; King, R. W. ; Kirtland, E. S. ; Knap, Charles; 
 Knowlton, George W. ; Knowlson, James S. ; Kohn, Adolph; 
 Kuchler, George J. 
 
 Lafitte, John B. ; Laing, Alvah E. ; Lamontagne, Edward; Lamont, 
 Charles A.; Lambard, Charles A.; Lane, Frederick A.; Lane, 
 William G. ; Lathrop, F. S. ; Lathrop, George A. ; Lathers, Richard, 
 Law, George; Laws, S. S. ; Lawrence, A. R., Jr.; Lawrence, 
 William E. ; Lawrence, Wm. Beach ; Lee, William P. ; Leonard, 
 William H. ; Leverich, Charles P. ; Levin, Martin H. ; Lewis, 
 Samuel A. ; Loew, Charlss E. ; Loring, W. W. ; Lovegrove, Arthur; 
 Ludlow, William H. ; Ludington, James. 
 
 Macdonough, A. R. ; Macy, Charles A., Jr.; Mackie, Robert; 
 Macawley, John L. ; Magee, Duncan S. ; Magee, George J. ; Manley, 
 Reuben; Marldey, A. W.; Marston, W. H. ; Martin^ M. E. ; Martin, 
 Mathias, L. B.; Martinez, Juan; Marbte, Manton; Marsh, John A.; 
 Marshall, John R. ; Marshall, Jesse A. ; Marshall, Samuel S. ; Mat- 
 thews, James; McCormick, Cyrus H. ; McCredy, Dennis A.; 
 McClelland, John; McGinnis. John, Jr.; McKeon, John; McKinley, 
 Andrew, McLean, George W.; McLean, James M. ; McLane, Louis; 
 McLaue, Robert M. ; McMahon, Martin T. ; Meade, Edwin E. ; 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
l64 CLUBS OF NEW YOiiK. 
 
 Meliss, David M.: Merrill, Ayres P., Jr.; Mills, Joseph G.; Miller, 
 Edmund H. ; Miller. Moriis S. ; Minturn, Kobert B. ; Mitchell, 
 Alexander; MitchsU, James L. ; Mitchell, Moses; Mollcr, William; 
 Moncrief, James; Monell, Claudius L. ; Monheimer; A.; Monson, 
 Marceua, Jr.; Montague, D. P. ; Morgan, David P.; Morgan, Ed- 
 ward T. ; Morris, John A.; Morris, Francis; Morris, Stepnen; 
 Morton, Thomas; Moss, Theodore; Mott, Jordan L. ; Mott, James; 
 Mowry, Sylvester; MuUauy, John E. ; Mui-phy, D. P.; Musgrave, 
 Thomas C. ; Myers, Julien L. 
 
 Nathan, Frederick ; 3Sf evin, Kobert Johnston ; Newmark, M. J. ; 
 Newton, Benjamin; Nichols, LeRoy; Nixon, James O. ; Nugent, 
 John. 
 
 Oakman, John; O'Conor. Charles; O'Donohue, Joseph J.; OpI- 
 richs, Henry; Ogdeu, William B. ; O'Gorman, Richard; Oliver, 
 William V7. G. ; O'Sullivan, J. P. ; Osborne, Charles J. ; Ottendorfer, 
 Oswald; Owens, Robert L. 
 
 Page, J. Augustus ; Palmer, Henry D. ; Paucoast, Richard ; Park, 
 Joseph, Jr.; Parks, William M. ; Parker, Joel; Past, Edwin; Pat- 
 chin, F. D. ; Patterson, James A. ; Pecham, Wheeler H. ; Pendleton, 
 George H. ; Perier, Alphonse; Pettes, William E. ; Phillips, Heruy M. ; 
 Pierrepont, Edwards; Piercs, Franklin; Pitzipio, George D. ; Piatt, 
 Frank; Pond, Loyal S. ; Ponvert, Elias; Porter, H. H. ; Porter, 
 Mortimer; Post, Edwin; Potter, Orlando B. ; Pritie George G. ; 
 Prime, William C. ; Provost, Alexander; Purser, George H. ; Purdy, 
 John P. 
 
 Quintard, George W. 
 
 Eader, Louis B. ; Rader, Max; Ramsay, Charles G. ; Randall, 
 Robert E. ; Rapallo, Charles A. ; Raphael, B. L ; Raymond, C. Mon- 
 son; Ra^molds, John; Redmond, William; Reid, William J.; 
 Eenshaw, James M. ; Repplier, J. George; Rhodes, Fraiili;; Rich- 
 mond, Henry A. ; Riggs, Laurason; Eiston, John A. ; Ritch, John W. ; 
 Roberts, John J.; Robinson, James P.; Rodewald, Henry; Roelof- 
 son, William F. ; Rogers, John L. , Jr. ; Rogers, Jacob S. ; Rogeis, 
 Michael W. ; Roome, Charles ; Root, Russell C. ; Eo;s, Elmore P. ; 
 Eoy, James; Eussel. Abram D. 
 
 Sanford, Henry ; Sanford, Milton H. ; Sargeant, Winthrop ; Sche- 
 peler, John D. ; Schanck, Daniel f^. ; Schaek, 0. W. C. ; Schell, 
 Augustus; Schell, Edward; Schell, Richard; ScheU, Piobert; Schra- 
 der, Theodore L. ; Scott, John H. ; Scott, William L. ; Searles, 
 James L.; Seaver, William A.; Selover, A. A.; Sewell, Ajrthur L. ; 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
MAX/rATTAX CLUB. 1^5 
 
 Scyraour, Horatio; Sberman, 'WiUiam Watts; Simonson, George M. ; 
 Simpaoji, M. M. ; Simpson, Thomas M. ; Slimmon, Robert; Sloane, 
 C. S. ; Slociim, William H. ; Smith, Angus; Smith, Benjaunin G., Jr.; 
 Smith. Hugh; Smith, H^nry N. ; Smith, James; Smith, Mun-ay F. ; 
 Smith, Nelson; Smith, Perry C. ; Smith, Samuel B. ; Smith, William 
 Gordon; Solomon, Ezekiel; Spaulding, Mon-ell B. ; Spsir, Gilbert M. ; 
 Spence, James C. ; Spencer, James C. ; Speyer, George M. ; Sprague, 
 Cortland A.; Squire, Alfrerl L.; Squire, Fi-ank; Stager, Auson; 
 Stark, Benjamin; Stebbins, Honry G. ; Steinberger, Albert; Stem, 
 Simon; Stovens, F. S. ; Stevenson, J. W. ; Stevenson, J?. S. ; Stewart, 
 Alexander!.; Stimson, H. C. ; St. John, Daniel B. ; Stokes, Henry; 
 Stokes, James; Stockton, John P.; Stoughtoj, E. W. ; Strong, 
 William L.. ; Stryker, John; Stuart, William; Sturtevant, Dwight; 
 Sumner, A. A. ; Sutton, William M. ; Sutherland, John McC. ; 
 Sweaney, Peter B.; Sybrandt, J. T>. 
 
 Tag, Charles P.: Tasker, Thomas T., Jr.; Taylor, Douglass 
 Taylor, Richard; Taylor, William H. ; Tiflany, Georg.i; Tift'my, 
 Henry; Tilford, Richard C. ; Tilden, Henry A.; Tilden, Samuel J, 
 Thayer, James S. ; Thieimaun, Henry; Thorburn, C. E. ; Thomas, 
 John; Thompson, J. P. C. ; Throckmorton, A.; Throop, M. H. 
 Tobin, John M. ; Todd, Charles; Toel, William; TowJe, Hamil 
 ton E. ; To\vnsend, Dwight; Townseud, E. L. ; Tracy, Albert H. 
 Tracy, E. W. ; Tracy, John; Tracy, John, Jr.; Tracy, John F. 
 Travers, William R. ; Tucker, Gideon J.; Turnbull, William; Tur- 
 nure, Laurence; Tweed, William M. 
 
 Van. Antwerp, J. H. ; Van Benthuysen, F. ; Van Brunt, Charles H. ; 
 Van Buren, John D. ; Vandoibilt, Cornelius; Vanderbilt,WilliamH. ; 
 Vanderpoel, A. J.; Vansehaick, Jenkins; Verhuven, Henry F.; Ver- 
 planck, Guliau C; Viokers. John M. ; Volckmanu, Henry; Voorhies, 
 B. r. Voorhees, Jacob ; Vul te, Frederick L. 
 
 Wade, James H.; Wallace, F. B. ; Wallack, J. Lester; Wallack, 
 James W.; Walsh, Ohcrles; Ward, Elijah; Ward, John E. ; Ward, 
 Samuel; Waterbury, N. J.; Wat^.on, John; Watson, AVilliam; Web- 
 ster, Sidney; Weed, Smith M. ; Weed, Thurlow; Weilly. G. W. ; 
 Wenman, James F. ; Wesley, Edward B. ; Westray, Fletcher; 
 Wheatley, William; Wheeler, Nathaniel; White, Frederick; Wilcox, 
 E. A.; Williams, A. Denison; William.s, William S. ; Williams, 
 WilUam; Williamson, D. B. ; Wilson, Edward J.; Wilmerding, 
 George G. ; Wilmerding, Theodore F. ; Wolfe, Joel; Wolfe, Udolpho; 
 Wood, Benjamin; Wood, WUmer S.; Woodville, WiUiam; Wood- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
i66 
 
 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 ward, James P. ; Woodward, E. T. ; Woodward, William, Jr. ; Wood- 
 ruff, B. L. ; Wook, Frank; Wook, John C. ; Wooley, C. W. ; Worth- 
 ington, W. N. ; Wiight, Isaac >!. ; Wright, William W. 
 
 The club is officered thus: — President, Augustus 
 Schell; "Vice-President, Samuel L. M. Barlow; Treasurer, 
 Andrew H. Gi'eeu (uice William Butler Duncan) ; Secre- 
 tary, Manton Marble. Board of Governors, William F. 
 Allen, S. L. M. Barlow, August Belmont, John R. Brady, 
 Horace P. Clark, Edward Cooper, A. Oakey Hall {vice 
 Edward L. Corlies), Hiram Cranston, George Ticknor 
 Curtis, William Butler Duncan, Andrew H. Green, Wil- 
 liam Henry HurlLurt, John T. Hoffman, Manton Marble, 
 Bernard Casserly {vice Marcena Monson, Jr.), Smith 
 Ely, Jr. {vice Eobert B. Minturn, deceased), George W. 
 McLean, Charles O'Conor, William C. Prime, Augustus 
 Schell, Horatio Seymour, Douglass Taylor, Samuel J. 
 Tilden, and John T. Agnew {vice Gulian C. Verplanck, 
 deceased). 
 
 Members of the board of governors, as previously 
 hinted, hold office until decease or resignation, but 
 elect officers annually — a system which differentiates the 
 Manhattan from the general method of clubs, and ren- 
 ders it, to that extent, a unique example of the social 
 communism it represents in common with others. In a 
 word, the organization is ruled with an eye, on the part 
 of its magnates, to a sort of democratic absolutism. 
 
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VII. 
 AMERICAN JOCKEY CLUB. 
 
 CLUB-eOUSE AT FORDHAM. 
 
 Jerome Park, Fordham, whence dates the formation 
 of the American Jockey Club, was excogitated in the 
 brain of Leonard W. Jerome, Avhose career in financial his- 
 tory has an odor of the romantic about it, and who thus 
 perpetuates his name as having been the first to surround 
 the American Turf with the eclat and glory of the Derby. 
 The idea had been propounded, talked over, discussed, 
 previously and by various parties; but nobody appeared 
 to comprehend exactly how the redemption of the turf 
 was to brought about, until Mr. Jerome announced the 
 project of founding Jerome Park. Henry J. Raymond, 
 Jerome's personal friend and crony, approved; Lester 
 Wallack, the Beau Brummell of the drama, was de- 
 lighted; and, having elucidated his plans to these gentle- 
 men, the projector began to moot the redemption of the 
 turf in Wall-street circles, and with flattering snccess. 
 Belmont fell in with Mr. Jerome's views, and John B. 
 Irving, the first secretary of the club, who qiiotes Latin 
 with the fatal facihty of General John A. Dix or Oakey 
 Hall, was enthusiastic, and ejaculated in splendid Ovidian- 
 phrase, 
 
 " Quis non invenit tiirba, quod amaret in ilia" — which, 
 wrested from its original amorous significance, may be 
 supposed to mean, 
 
 " Who in this Wall-street world could fail to find. 
 In crowd so varied partner to bis mind ?" 
 
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i6S 
 
 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 The American turf was just then in the condition ex- 
 pressed by Professor Lowell in the term Sans-calotte-ism. 
 The palmy days of the light fantastic hoof, when men of 
 the North like Stevens, Livingston, and Stockton, met kin- 
 dred spirits like Colonel William R. Johnson, 0. P. Hare, 
 and others from the South, had long since passed: and 
 the light fantastic hoof had become measurably associated 
 with the light fantastic finger. From its inception, that 
 is, from the day this excogitated Minerva of turf reform 
 left the excogitating cranium of its especial Jove, the 
 idea constituted the topic of gossip in racing circles; 
 and though those who predicted a coming out at the 
 little end of the horn, as the proverb hath it, were not 
 few, the popular impression v.'as very generally favorable. 
 The gestation of any public work is a matter of tedious 
 and discouraging degrees; and the work in hand proved 
 no exception to the rule. First, it was talked up; sec- 
 ondly, it .vas written up; and this talking up and writ- 
 ing up occuijied a period of several months, during which 
 the press teemed with paragraphs dwelling upon the 
 excellent philanthropy of the project for redeeming the 
 turf, and its practical results on popular morals. Then, 
 having been hoisted to the topmost wave of popularity, 
 the idea was embodied in the organization of the Amer- 
 ican Jockey Club, and the preparation of Jerome Park 
 for its reception; and the note was sounded for the in- 
 augural meeting. August Belmont was active from the 
 first in the furtherance of the jjroject, and has since con- 
 tinued to be president of the body. E.. A. Alexander, 
 J.W. Weldon, M. H. Sanford, D. McDauiels, S. J. Carter, 
 James S. Watson, F. JVIorris, R. W. Cameron, R. Ains- 
 ley, J. W. Pennock, Dr. Kii-wan, D. Read}', J. F. Stone, 
 Paul Wood, and T. B. Read— old turfmen all — were also 
 concerned in the first meeting. A constitution was 
 
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AMJCRWAN JOCKEY CLUB. 1 69 
 
 adopted, with rtiles governing the club, and work was 
 begun. The laj'ing out of the race-course, the erection 
 of paddocks and stables, the preparation of n. club-house, 
 which was afterwards abandoned for a larger building — 
 in a word, the details of practical organization were 
 scarcely comjDleted, when the first race day, September 
 25, 1866, dawned, and the club, like Css sar, stood on the 
 very margin of its Kubicon. 
 
 However, a competent corps had been gotten in work- 
 ing order. August Belmont was presiding steward of 
 the occasion; W. Butler Duncan, J. F. Purdy, Paul S. 
 Forbes, A. Keene Eichardp, and E. Boudinot Colt, assist- 
 ing as stewards in gen.ei-al. W. Butler Duncan, John F. 
 Purdj', and Benjamin Bruce were named as judges to oc- 
 cupy the little gilded pagoda facing the main stand; 
 G. A. Hopper and R. B. Chisholm were distance judges; 
 David Dunham Withers, of Louisiana, aud Henry Toler, 
 were the timers; John B. Irving enacted the role of 
 handicapper; J. F. Purdy was starter; C. Wheatley was 
 clerk of the course; and John B. Irving kept the min- 
 utes. One may suppose that they all felt like quoting 
 the pet Shakespearean couplet of turfmen: 
 
 "Think, when ye talk of horses, that you see them 
 Printing their proud hoofs i' the receiving earth" — 
 
 For, though they were enthusiastic, they trembled: the 
 day having come for the solution of the question, whether 
 the fashion and ion of the city could be induced to visit 
 a race-course, aud the horses about to print their proud 
 hoofs in the receiving earth, being not at all imaginary 
 horses, like those in the brain of the bard, but real pro- 
 toplasmic creatures, of sleekest mould and manner. 
 
 The first day ot the meeting, which was continued for 
 the first three days in October, was, however, a brilliant 
 success, and Jerome Park became the fashion. 
 
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17° CLUBS OF SEW YOBK. 
 
 It was a splendid September morning. Fifth Avenue 
 and fashion were strewn all along the road from New 
 York to Fordham. Belmont's turnout, with four mag- 
 nificent horses, ridden b_y postilions in livery, and Je- 
 rome's English drag, jDulled by six horses, himself han- 
 dling the ribbons, led the longest, most irregular, and 
 motley procession that ever left New York for a day's 
 excursion. Canter, and prance, and trot — clouds of dust 
 enveloping clouds of people — and, presently, this band 
 of doughty crusaders entered the special Jerusalem of 
 their destination; some a little the worse for dust, and 
 some a little the worse for frequent moistening on the 
 road; but all rose-pink with anticipation, and some rose- 
 pink with Bourbon and Burgundy. Never was equal 
 crowd gathered at a race-course in this country. Old 
 turfmen admitted that; not excepting even the whirling, 
 swirling, oceanic crowd gathered at the Union Course on 
 the day when Eclipse and Henry had their run, neck 
 and neck. Jenkins talked learnedly about Derby days, 
 in which his experience had been slight indeed; and 
 classicists raved of the advent of another Deucalion con- 
 verting all the pebbles of a county into men. 
 
 Dense, dense, and denser waxed the crowd. There 
 were whole acres of vehicles packed like pave-stones, 
 and almost acres of heads packed, no doubt, with ideas 
 or anticipations. Even the trees surrounding the park 
 bore fruit of humanity in heavy clusters; but, as there 
 was no statute against climbing trees, there was no way 
 to prevent this stealing of a view of what was going on 
 within the precincts of the club ground. 
 
 Kentucky was the star of the day, and what a clamor 
 of pool-selling there was : Kentucky against the field, and 
 the field against Kentucky. It was a race of four-mile 
 heats, best in three, Kentucky carrying twenty pounds 
 
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AMEBIC A X JOCKE Y CL UB. 1 7 ' 
 
 or SO, and ridden by that Gilpin of jockeys, Littlefield, 
 whom Jenkins, the next day, compared to Phaeton, or 
 some other daring but defunct Olympian. A bugle 
 blast, and off they start — Kentucky, with twenty pounds, 
 reinforced by Mazeppa Littlefield on his back, and the 
 rest of them; ai;d round thej' shoot, almost in a circle — 
 rieetwing, and Onward, and Idlewild, straining after the 
 will-o'-the-wisp of the turf like three butterflies trying 
 to outrim a jack-o'-lantern. They did, swimming through 
 the September sunshine, veritably suggest the hexam- 
 eter, which just then and to the- point was buzzed about 
 as the happy hit of'the Secretary, 
 
 ' ' Florum putares nare per liquidum setbera"' — 
 
 For, like the old satirist's butterflies, swim they did in 
 the liquid air, and shimmer in the liquid sunshine, which, 
 that noon, beat down fierce and dense enough to have 
 been bottled. Of course, the victory was won by Ken- 
 tucky, and fashion clapped her dainty hands and was 
 satisfied. 
 
 The day had been a success — the three October days 
 were equally successful — and the American Jockey Club 
 had won its spurs; not a little of the honor being due to 
 the gentlemanly Theodore Moss, of Wallack's theatre, as 
 a sort of master of ceremonies. 
 
 Equally successful were the June races of 1867, and 
 equally so the Fall races of the same year. During the 
 winter, occasion was taken to perfect the accommodations 
 of the club, and a club-house in graceful Italian was put 
 up on an eminence well overlooking the course. Since 
 then, the history of the Jockey Club has been simi^ly a 
 history of races, varied with an occasional incident; and 
 American racing has been reduced to civilization. 
 
 But, by way of giving the reader an insight into the 
 
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'72 CL UBS OF JS'E W TO T7K. 
 
 workings of a club devoted to horsehood, let me briefly 
 review the origin and progress of racing and of the race- 
 horse. 
 
 A Semitic wave of civilization rolls over that little 
 tongue of the European Continent, that laps the waters 
 of the Mediterranean, to wit, the Grecian peninsula — 
 nobody can tell when. Recedes or is driven ahead — 
 nobody can tell whither — and leaves an alphabet and a 
 body of strango, terrible myths, which the Hellenes after- 
 wards transmogrify, soften, belittle in Greek mythology; 
 declaring with proverbial Hellenic egotism, that it belongs 
 to them. Full of horses and heroes it was; and there 
 was one peculiar stallion in it designated as Pegasos, 
 which had the hapjDy faculty of flying and running at the 
 self-same minute. This the Hellenes deify, by way of 
 indicating that the ideal horse will very likely have 
 wings. 
 
 There rolls over that same little peninsula a Pelasgian 
 wave, and the land swarms with monuments in conse- 
 quence. There also occurs a Trojan war, in which Homer 
 celebrates the wrath of one gentleman and the steed- 
 breaking qualities of another — the gallant Hector. In 
 those days they fought, not on horseback, but in what 
 moderns would call gilded and exceedingly unwieldy 
 carts. Diomed and Ulysses are the only gentlemen who 
 ride. For the rest, they are carried to battle in two- 
 wheeled cars, gilded, gorgeously trapped, but sadly de- 
 ficient in springs, and answering, according to the record, 
 the double purpose of locomotive fortresses, whence men 
 fought living, and of ambulances in which men were car- 
 ried home dead. 
 
 It is not, in fact, until the thirtj' -third Olympiad that 
 riding-racing becomes a part of the Olympic games, 
 though breezes in harness occur as early as the twenty- 
 
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AMEMICAN JOCKEY CLUB. I 73 
 
 fifth Olj^mpiad. What were the names of the Eclipses, 
 jMambrinos, and Dexters, of the Kentuckys, Teiinessees, 
 and Aldebarans of the primitive turf, tradition saith not; 
 but names they had, doubtless — for history records that 
 of the famous stallion ridden by that ancient Napoleon 
 — Alexander of Macedon; also, that of the mythical racer 
 dedicated to poets. 
 
 From the Olympic games dates, therefore, horse-racing 
 as a sport, and, very likely, betting on results — for, as a 
 race, the old Greeks were natural gamblers, and gambled 
 for fame, power, or political supremacy, with equal fa- 
 cility. 
 
 In the same way, the Trojan war may be said to have 
 developed European equestrianism. Rapid proficiency 
 they made, too, pending that long struggle, which was 
 at last settled by the stratagem of a wooden horse intes- 
 tinal with humanity in panoply of war; for, whereas, at 
 the beginning, nobody rode but Ulysses and Diomed, 
 in the fifteenth book of the " Iliad " one man rides four 
 horses. 
 
 ' ' Safe in his art, as side by side they run, 
 He shifts his seat and vaults from one to one; 
 And now to this and now to that he flies; 
 Admiring numbers follow with their eyes." 
 
 Thus Pope murders Homer in description, leaving the 
 trot of the grand old master's hexameter to be imagined 
 from the pace of his own two-footed iambics, which 
 neither race, canter, nor trot, but simply walk with the 
 regularity of so. many foot-soldiers. 
 
 The Eomans repeat the story of Greece in this respect, 
 but take their appreciation of the horse, which afterwards 
 develops into the equestrian order, from their Parthian 
 foes. Still, as a people, the Romans were never addicted 
 
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174 CLUBS OF NEW YOJiK. 
 
 to horses. As a race, in everything they did they always 
 went a-foot. The brilliant, the spirited, were alien to the 
 plodding, methodical Roman mind — equally alien to the 
 rhythm of the Latin language. Homer's hexameters run 
 mad with the trample of steeds, having all the thrill of 
 the Saracen's fire-shod stallion. Now and then, his verses 
 race, canter with the thunderful music of the hoof-beat. 
 Not so those of Virgil, the representative of Roman epic. 
 Hexameters, with plentiful dancing dactyls, they are; 
 but they always walk — stalk wth great dignity, it may 
 be, but never canter with spirit. As comijared with 
 Homer's, they are like Longfellow's or Sir Philip Sid- 
 ney's hexameters in comparison with the splendid dac- 
 tylic and spondaic trample of Swinburne's " Hesperia" — 
 the only real bit of Homeric hexameter the Enghsh lan- 
 guage has yet produced. Listen just here: — 
 
 "Out of the golden, remote, wild west, where the sea without 
 shore is, 
 Full of the sunset, and sad if at all with the fulness of joy." 
 
 Or, again, and more to the purpose: — 
 
 " By the low sea-wall and the margin of years. 
 Sudden and steady as eight hoofs trample and thunder. " 
 
 Tou hear the very thud and music of the hoofs that 
 cleave night asunder, in the passage quoted. You see 
 the very steeds of the poet as, through the night, they 
 shoot Hesperia-ward. There is a vivid, actual, hexam- 
 eter canter in the very motion of the syllables (just as if 
 they were so many hoofs of so many living horses), which 
 no heroic stalk of iambics could possibly translate effect- 
 ively. 
 
 Ancient European equestrianism began thus. A wave 
 of the Asiatic spirit rolls over Greece, and leaves it there 
 as a sort of Phyrgian relic. 
 
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AMERICAN JOCKISY CL UB. 1 75 
 
 But modern begins a trifle differently, though from an 
 Asiatic source. The Saracens occupy Spain, and recede, 
 leaving algebra and equestrianism. 
 
 From this beginning, a romantic incident introduced 
 it in England. The Spanish Armada, intended for the 
 subjugation of Enghsh Protestantism, landed nothing 
 but a few horses of real Arabian pedigree on the coast of 
 Galloway; and thus the English ideal of the horse, like 
 the Greek ideal of woman, was cast up by the sea. They 
 might have made a myth of the matter, had it happened 
 in an age when myths were in fashion; but, as it was, 
 the material for a magnificent fiction was lost in the 
 Saxon adherence to the literal facts of the thing. How- 
 ever, the Scots turned the accident to the Armada to ac- 
 count in the adoption of the castaway Arabians; and 
 when James of Scotland became James of England, one 
 of his first acts was the foundation of the Newmarket 
 course. Hence, racing in England, with its Epsoms and 
 Ascotts, founded by the Duke of Cumberland; its Don- 
 casters, due to the munificence of Colonel St. Leger, and 
 its Derbys. 
 
 In 1667 a liberal subsidy was. granted for the course 
 on Newmarket Heath, which is really the Jerome Park 
 of England; and thus the English metropolis precedes 
 the American by almost exactly two hundred years in 
 the popularization of horse-racing. 
 
 It must be premised that Virginia, settled by cavalier 
 stock, was first to engraft upon American institutions the 
 sporting prochvity of the parent aristocrat, which the 
 Puritanic New-Englander hated with a hatred of fourth- 
 prooi intensity. So the dissemination of pedigreed 
 horses radiates from the Old Dominion in all directions, 
 as the annals of horse-racing abundantly prove; the turf, 
 as an institution, being emphatically of Virgitiian parent- 
 
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U^ CLUBS OF XUW rOBIC. 
 
 age. Trotters move outward in all directions from the 
 same common centre ; though trotting is a younger sport 
 than racing, and was legitimated by the once-famous 
 Mambrino of trans-Atlantic celebrity. The first imijorta- 
 tion took place in the South, in the shippiDg of Mambrina, 
 a daughter of the English trotting stallion; and the name 
 swells the list of New York trotters in Mr. Robert Bon- 
 ner's Mambrino Bertie, which that critic in horses pro- 
 nounces the most extraoi-dinary colt the world has yet 
 produced. Mambrino Bertie has, says his master, the 
 easiest of trots; is nearly as large as the Auburn horse, 
 but is more "rangy," with stride of length only exceeded 
 by that of the mythical Indian in " Hiawatha," — 
 
 "Every stride a mile he measured," — 
 
 which has ::ieTer been equaled even by a descendant of 
 ancient Mambrino. Of course, while Mr. Bonner owns 
 it, the gifted colt will never make its debut as a Hon of 
 the turf. 
 
 Trotting and racing are, however, as distinct as trotters 
 and racers; and there are those who contend that royalty 
 of blood never trots. The racer is oriental, descends 
 primitively from the stallion of the desert, and the whole 
 running stock of the world may be traced back to the 
 Selims, Saladins, and Aldebarans of the Saracen. When 
 the first wave of Asiatic civilization — the Phrygian — 
 rolled over Greece, it left traditions of horses and heroes. 
 When Saracenic civilization receded from Spain, it left 
 the stalhon of the desert as well as the Arab's weird crea- 
 tions of art in the strange old Alhambra. Judging from 
 antique sculptures, the ancient horse raced even in har- 
 ness, and tackled to the clumsy vehicles of the earliest 
 ages. Blood, says the horseman's proverb, must run, 
 and the proverb embodies the experience of centuries. 
 
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aiulHicas jockey club. 177 
 
 It seems probable, therefore, that the natiu-al trotter is 
 rather a representative of the native European horse 
 than of the Oriental; though there are 25lentY of critics 
 who urge that the trotter sprang from the racer by a 
 sort of Darwinism — in a word that Mambrino illustrates 
 Darwin's theory of the origin of sj^ecies. However this 
 question may be settled, the antique and classical are in 
 favor of the racer, to which, and the njotion of which, 
 ancient iDoetry and ancient sculjatures bear witness. 
 Homer's famous passage imitative of the rhythm of the 
 hoof could never have arisen from the anapest patter of 
 the trot. The horse runs in dactjds and spondees; trots 
 in anapest and iambic ; so that, notwithstanding the 
 utility of the trotter, the real poetry of equestrianism is 
 the run, with its dactyl dance of hoof and tornado swell 
 of spondee. Trotting is prose; running is lyrical, almost 
 as lyrical as wings. Besides, trotting is modern and un- 
 Hom.eric. 
 
 But, dismissing the upper-ten-thousand of trotters, for 
 trotting is move nearly allied to ordinai-y road practice, 
 take a trip to Jerome Park. The Olympic games come 
 on regularly in June, and the last of May is exactly the 
 date when breezes are daily and the park is a city of 
 thoroughbreds. The best way to get there is by way of 
 the Bloomingdale Eoad. On the western heights and 
 hill-tops villas, like bubbles of the beautiful, overtop wil- 
 dernesses of trees and shrubbery; and before half of the 
 three leagues or so has been traversed, you will find your- 
 self on excellent terms with the aesthetic: just the mood 
 for appreciation of the points of a horse, or of those of 
 William Morris's "Earthly Paradise." You are there 
 presently, having put in a mental request for a lodge in 
 some vast wilderness at every step of the way. It is a 
 city with gates and walls, a city of blooded hcrseu, uiid 
 
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17° CLUBS OF A'^ETV YORK. 
 
 trainers and jockeys, vi\\h. a constitution and municipal 
 rules of its own, not for the governing of the liorses, but 
 for that of their masters. Beyond the little Italian club- 
 house, which is the Capitol, runs a perfect street of brown 
 edifices, one story high, and handsome enough for ordi- 
 nary cottages for ordinary people — more comfortable, too, 
 than ordinary people can afford. The mere enumeration 
 of the couple of hundred animals, with their pedigrees, 
 would fill a tome with romantic names; for American 
 owners are apt to be poetic in the nomenclation of their 
 pets. Bayswater, Bayleaf, Lightning, Maroon, Tisdale, 
 Nina, Florida, Tom Woolfolk, Magnolia, Citadel, Yellow- 
 hammer, Durindana, Newminster, Knighthood, Glycera, 
 Ulrica, Luther, Aldebaran, and Trovatore are high- 
 sounding, but seemingly of no particular application to 
 horses, though Lightning must, perliaps, be excepted. 
 Meetwing means something to one who has attended a 
 race, for it was a subtle idea that endowed Pegasos with 
 wings, and a racer on his mettle really conveys the im- 
 pression, spurning the earth somewhat as the ancient 
 fabled that Pegasos did. Ruthless and Vandal, Cyclone 
 and Onward, Zigzag, and Leatherlungs, are happy hits, 
 too — but why not tornadoes and hurricanes and whirl- 
 winds, than which nothing could be more appropriate? 
 Belies of Scottish nomenclature and the dawn of the 
 sport in England, are Balrownie, Glencoe, and Bonnie 
 Scotland. Idlewild embalms one of the hits of N. P. 
 WilHs; Lexington, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Carolina 
 are distinctively American; and nobody but an American 
 would ever have thought of calling a horse Mondaj', or 
 Two Bits, or Barefoot. AugTist Belmont has a Maid of 
 Honor — a pretty name, by the way — and Topaz answers 
 for a name in place of something better. 
 
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A MERICAN JOCKEY CL UB. 1 79 
 
 Of course 3-011 will not omit Kentucky, the 
 
 ^^ Nihil nimile, aiil seeuTidum" 
 
 of the American tiu'f. More splendid specimen of horse- 
 hood America boasts not. McDonald once made a study 
 of him in sculpture, but then marble is not muscle 
 and color; and painting is better and more vivid than 
 stone, while Kentucky is more vivid than either. Cid, 
 Moor or whatever he was, never bestrode stallion more 
 powerful. Well-muscled all over; thighs powerful; legs 
 sinewy, with strong', elastic pasterns; clean, as though 
 hard work were not embodied in four miles at seven 
 minutes and a half. Nobler head and face, denoting both 
 spirit and good temper, and the very ideal of thorough 
 breeding, were never the luck of horse. So compact is 
 the physique that, standing quietly in his stable, an or- 
 dinary observer would mistake him for a small horse. 
 In his clothes he seems diminutive; but, stripped and 
 mounted for the tourney, then he looks the sixteen hands 
 high that he is; then, like Diomed, 
 
 ' He rises on the toe; that spirit of liis 
 In aspiration lifts him from the earth. " 
 
 His motion has the haughtiness of a Sehm — the trans- 
 parent, distended nostril suggesting the mythical simile 
 of breathing fire. Son of Lexington and Magnolia, 
 daughter of Glencoe, 
 
 " A creature full of strength and grace. 
 The noblest of his noblest race" — 
 
 Kentucky is a sort of poem in the shape of a horse, as, 
 indeed, every race-horse is, to a gTeater or ■ less extent. 
 Nowhere else is found that cleanness of bmb, which 
 amounts to transparency almost, or that spirited laugh 
 
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i8o 
 
 CLuns OF .y;;ii' york. 
 
 of nniscles at the flank, which suggests and indicates the 
 racer. But fame with horses is as fleeting as the fame 
 of jDoets; and tlie sovereigns of the turf now are not 
 they who were sovereigns when Jerome Park was first 
 opened to tlie public. Of the hundred or more now 
 training for future meetings, the reader will find few 
 of the celebrities of 1866, when Fleetwing, Onward, and 
 Idlewild tried hoof with Kentucky, and were beaten in 
 two straight heats of four miles: time, 7:35 and I'Al^. 
 
 The splendid physical horsehood of Kentucky has 
 been photographed with some minuteness, for the sake 
 of a starting point. His performances at Jerome Park 
 must not, however, be mistaken for the best that horse 
 can eke. The inauguration stake, won by Kentucky, in 
 competition with Fleetwing, Onward, and Idlewild — 
 famous horses all — by no means exhibits the fastest of 
 the record; and more recently, in his struggle against 
 time, the handsome son of Lexington has been beaten, 
 though not ignoininiously, at 7:32J. As & point d'appui 
 to the discussion of the unquestionably fast, the official 
 summary of the inauguration stake, first day of the meet- 
 ing of 1866, is worth noting. There were four entries — 
 for four-mile heats, best in three — Kentucky winning 
 in two consecutive heats. In official form the record 
 stood: 
 
 J. Hunter's black horse Kentnety, by Lexington; dam 
 
 Maguolia, by Glencoe, five years old, 114 lbs 1 1 
 
 Forbes's and Jeroroe's Fleetwing, by Brandywine; dam 
 
 Khody, by Glencoe, six j^ears, 114 lbs 3 2 
 
 James S. Watson's Onward, by Einggold; dam My Lady, 
 
 by Glencoe, four years, 104 lbs 2 3 
 
 K. A. Alexander's Idlewild, by Lexington; dam by Glen- 
 coe, age not stated, 114 lbs Distanced. 
 
 Time of first four miles 7:3S 
 
 Time of second four miles 7:414 
 
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A.UhTiWA.\ JOCKKr CLUIi. 
 
 l8l 
 
 In I'aot, no recent contests have taken pdace in which 
 the wonderful exploits of the two lions of the turf — Lex- 
 ington and Lecomte, 1852 to 1854 — have been equaled. 
 Previous to that date Fashion had (in 1842) made the 
 best four-mile heat, in 7:32i, which for almost ten years 
 held jarecedence as the fastest of the record. Boston's 
 best four-miles — and Boston was famous in his day and 
 generation — was made in 7:40, that is, seven minutes 
 and forty seconds. This was beaten by Henry, who 
 crept the four in 7:31^. Still subsequently. Gray Medoc 
 and Altoof, in a dead heat, reduced the limit to 7:35, 
 which Mi.ss Foot repeated, having run one heat — an un- 
 precedented performance in those old days of racing. 
 George Martin and Fall Trade, in their day, did the four 
 miles in 7:33; and next, in 1842, Fashion reduced the 
 limit to 7:32^-. Then came the golden age of American 
 racing, under Lexington and Lecomte, in which Lexing- 
 ton was at last victor after three hardly contested races, 
 the first and third with Lecomte, and the second against 
 time. The rivalry between these two stallions and their 
 partisans was something unprecedented in the annals of 
 horse-racing, and it was not until after a two years' 
 struggle that Lexington was admitted to the kingship of 
 the American turf. The contest developed the suprem- 
 est rapidity on record until quite recently, and gave a 
 popular impulse to the classic sport, similar to that which 
 has been given it by the eclat of Jerome Park and its 
 hosts of fashionables. 
 
 The contest was begun in 1352, in a race between Le- 
 comte and Lexington, four-mile heats, best in three, in 
 which Lexington was beaten in two straight heats: time, 
 7:26 and 7:38^. This seemed to establish the supremacy 
 of Lecomte beyond a doubt. The fastest four miles on 
 record had been beaten by six seconds and a half, and 
 
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I 82 
 
 CLUBS OF KEM' YORK. 
 
 turfmen did well to question, can this be equaled ? So 
 the fame of him of G-auiish name waxed great in prose 
 and wood-cut, and the name thereof was on every tongue. 
 With this defeat, Lexington might well have been with- 
 drawn, for victory by a thunderbolt is victory over less ' 
 rapid adversaries. But plucky old Ten Broeck, owner 
 of Lexington, had i^nbounded faith in his horse, and 
 faith is equal to the removal of mountains. Accordingly, 
 Ten Broeck began a campaign to regain the lost laurels 
 of Lexington, and early in the ensuing spring the stallion 
 was pitted for a four-mile heat against time, and to beat 
 the fastest four mile on record, now that of Lecomte, 
 who had done the work in 7:26. Events proved that 
 Mr. Ten Broeck had not over-estimated the speed and 
 endurance of Lexington, the incomparable; the gallant 
 descendant of the desert stallions, doing the four miles 
 in 7:19|, which still remains as the quickest long heat on 
 record. Having beaten Lecomte's best time, Lexington 
 was now ready to defeat Lecomte in propria ^persona, and 
 in the fall of the same year the two were again pitted 
 one against the other in the tug for supremacy. As be- 
 tween these two, other horses were nowhere, it was a 
 grapple between two Titans of the turf, with whom the 
 feebler of the day could not even compare. Imagine it: 
 the splendid spirited trample of Lecomte, and the fox- 
 like creep of the more oriental Lexington. The former 
 is magnificent, looks the king in horsehood; the other, 
 greyhoundish in aspect, and like a very spirit in the 
 quietude of his motion. But Lexington, the fox, wins, 
 and Lecomte, the splendid, is beaten, his best time being 
 beaten as well. The four-miles is traversed in 7:23|, 
 which, again, is the fastest, horse against horse, on the 
 record, and will, no doubt, continne to be so until the 
 iawn of the next golden age. American Eclipse, son of 
 
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AiFEnWAA- JOCKUY CLL'B. 
 
 183 
 
 Daroc, son of Diamond, son of Florizel; Aviel, Flirtilla, 
 and Bltick Maria; Trifle, Wagner, Gray Eagle, Boston, 
 and Fashion were no longer gods iu the inytliology ot 
 horse-racing. Lecomte was barely Olympian; but Lex- 
 ington was Jupiter, and as Jupiter is still remembered. 
 A summary of his performances is interesting, as indi- 
 cating the amount of money a successful racer may pos- 
 sibly win, thus illustrating the business transactions of 
 the turf. In 1853 he was started three times and won 
 three races: 
 
 At Lexington, Kentucky, mile heats SI, 700 
 
 At N jw Orleans, two-mile heats 1 , 300 
 
 At New Orleans, three-mile heats 8,500 
 
 In 1854, he runs once at New Orleans, in four-mile heats. . 19,000 
 In 1855, he runs twice — once against time, at New Orleans, 
 
 four miles 20,000 
 
 And once for the Jootey Club purse 6,000 
 
 Total earnings S56,500 
 
 The acts of Lexington are noted thus minutely, be- 
 cause he stands as the ancestor of the present best in 
 the American stud-book, and as the very best race-horse, 
 past or present, which the American stable has yet pro- 
 duced. Scores of his progeny have been and are famous; 
 though not more thaji 0, single score have won places in 
 the front rank, and none have equaled the performances 
 of the ancestor. Kentucky stands at the head of them. 
 Then come Ansel, Areola, Asteroid, Bayflower, Bayonet, 
 Bertie Wood, Daniel Boone, Donegall, Harry of the 
 West, Idlewild, Jack Malone, Lancaster, Loadstone, 
 Lightning, Norfolk, Judge Curtis, Kingfisher, and Thun- 
 der. Several of these stand pre-eminent on the record 
 as having made the best cotemporary time. For ex- 
 ample, Judge Curtis must be credited with the best mile 
 
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'S4 CLUBS OF NJSW YOJIK. 
 
 heat, tit 1:43^; Lancaster, with the best two miles, at 
 3:35 J, and 3:885 respectively; Norfolli:, with the best 
 three miles, at 5:272 and 5:29i; and Idlewild, with the 
 best four miles, at 7:26j, and lacking only a quarter of a 
 second of ranking with old Lecomte, the splendid. As 
 these are all cotemporary horses, and still hahilu'es of 
 the turf, the record will serve to indicate something of 
 their relative value. 
 
 By all means beware of betting against the fox-like 
 gait and still motion of the stallion that steals over the 
 course, as if half spirit and half serpent. It is the gait of 
 the desert, and always wins. Others may run more 
 magnificently, but it is the deceptive magnificence that 
 forfeits your money. Grand horses are represented on 
 the sculptures of ancient Nineveh, as disinterred by Mr. 
 Layard — splendid, high-crested, large-headed, heavy- 
 shouldered, long-bodied animals, with powerful limbs, 
 and volumes of shaggy mane, often fancifully jDlaited, 
 oftener fancifully braided. These are the horses of bib- 
 lical royalties, which, harnessed to the scythe cars of 
 Assyrian or Phoenician kings, trampled the field of Me- 
 giddo, or were buried, through the intervention of Jeho- 
 vah, in the river of Kishon. Wonderfully minute are 
 these sculptures, often exhibiting details of tendon and 
 artery; and wonderful were these horses for strength. 
 But could they run with the low-statured, small-headed, 
 basin-faced, foxy-moving Arab and Barb, with the long, 
 thin mane, large, full eyes, and delicate and almost trans- 
 parent limbs? What, again, was the G-reek horse? The 
 merest cob, as the groups from the Propylsea of the 
 Temple of Minerva, iu the Acropolis at Athens, now in 
 the British Museum as the Elgin marbles, abundantly 
 prove. The ideal horses of Phidias and his pupils they 
 undoubtedly were; but what were they? Not above 
 
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A M Eli 10 A X JOCKE Y CLUB. I 8 5 
 
 fourteen and a half hands high, the}' had, instead of the 
 graceful, spiry formation of the Arab or Barb, all the 
 short, rigid stalkiness of the common Galloway, and 
 would have run with a Lexington somewhat as a mastiff 
 might with a gro.yhound. Beware of that supple, foxy 
 gait, the owner of which slips along like a spirit; it 
 means win: and, of all horses ever bred in this country, 
 Lexington had it in the most emphatic degree; and hence, 
 Lexington may be regarded as tlie founder of a species, 
 or a variation which, according to Darwin, must at last 
 end in a species. 
 
 In the study of the strings represented by the mem- 
 bership of the club, the first thing that fixes the atten- 
 tion is the great number that carry the blood of Lexing- 
 ton and his more than equally famous son, the peerless 
 Kentucky. 
 
 Horses to cue's right, 
 
 Horses to one's left, 
 
 Horses on all hands — 
 
 and more than a third of them with the spirit of Lexing- 
 ton in the splendid hexameter of their motion, and in the 
 clean-cut, shining limbs, that you fancy you could see 
 through, so slender are they from the knees down; proud- 
 stepping, greyhound-ish creatures, of whom — for the rel- 
 ative which desecrates their splendid horsehood — you 
 fancy a sort of aspiration to soar Pegasos-like, and from 
 whom it needs no wonderful deftness of imagination to 
 imagine that you see wings starting on either spirited 
 and quivering shoulder; magnificent creatures, whose 
 canter sets you speculating as to the validity of Plato's 
 hypothesis that all being is dimly set to a sort of music: 
 ideal horses ! 
 
 In 1867, the idea of erecting a city club-house was 
 mooted, and with that intent, Jerom.e commenced the 
 
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[86 
 
 CLUBS OF NEW YORK 
 
 erection of the maguificent edifice, corner of Madison 
 Avenue and Twenty-sixth street, now occupied by the 
 Union League. But, previous to completion, the idea 
 was abandoned, the Union League taking the building 
 for a period of ten years, with the option of buying it; 
 and the Jockey Club still nestles among the fastnesses 
 of Fordham, having a business office in the city. 
 
 Li 1868, the spring meeting was attended with an un- 
 happy accident, in the killing of a jockey, who was un- 
 seated in leaping the hurdle, and since then hurdle- 
 racing has been voted barbarous in its old form, special 
 precautions having been adopted. In fact, in the course 
 of its history, two accidents of the same kind have hap- 
 pened, of which, however, only one proved fatal : whence, 
 was al last originated the idea of erecting hurdles too 
 flimsy to be dangerous if not fully cleared by the leap. 
 
 Again, the same year, Kentucky tried hoof with time, 
 and hy time was beaten; which constituted, probably, 
 the most sensational tournament ever attempted at 
 Jerome Park. The writer well remembers the breath- 
 lessness of the great crowd for that anxious seven min- 
 utes. At blast of bugle off shot Kentucky, 
 
 '•ETery muscle, every sinew straining;" 
 
 and off shot Time, with his hoof-beats of seconds, at the 
 same old pace as ever, never straining in the least, but 
 as steady, steady as one of the old Greek Fates of Eurip- 
 ides. Once round whirled Kentucky, really swimming 
 thiough the air, coming home a second or so in advance 
 of the steady-hoofed old racer, who has cantered at the 
 same pace since the world began, distancing generations 
 of man and beast, onlj' Darwin can tell how many. Half- 
 way round again, and Time prods the gallant stallioi^. 
 
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AMERICA X JOCKEY CLUB. 1 87 
 
 Then they let out a swarm of half-a-^dozen upon him, 
 like a pack of hounds, and Kentucky quickens a little, 
 leaving steady old Time (and the pack of four-footed 
 stimulants) behind for a second or two, and comes 
 round about even with his still antagonist. But, at the 
 third round, with the same eternal steadiness of hoof- 
 beat, Time jjrods him again, passes him, and comes home 
 a few seconds ahead, Kentucky lagging a few seconds. 
 Whereupon, a great deal of money is shifted from one 
 pocket to another, and it is agreed that Time is a great 
 racer indeed, and cannot be beaten by the fastest horse 
 in America. 
 
 In general organization, club-house rules, and the like, 
 the Jockey Club is after the model of the Union and 
 Manhattan, having, like the latter, its board of governors, 
 like the former its president and vice-presidents, and 
 needs, therefore, no special description at length. Its 
 regular meetings are held in June and September, but 
 meetings of the board occur monthly at the city office. 
 The club-house is supplied with a refectory and other 
 appliances, but is not largely frequented by members, 
 except at the regular meetings. As elsewhere, the res- 
 taurant is rather unprofitable than profitable, having 
 little patronage except on special occasions. 
 
 The racing rules are, of course, special, and subject to 
 special statute. Kace-horses take their ages from the 
 first of January. In measuring height one-third of a 
 foot is a hand, that is, three hands make a foot, and 
 fourteen pounds constitute the fixed reckoning of a 
 stone. If an owner enters a horse for a purse he must 
 gtart, or submit to be ruled off the course, unless the de- 
 fault can be accounted for to the satisfaction of the 
 judges. A sweepstakes can only be constituted by three 
 subscribers; but, in instance of the death of one of the 
 
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1 88 CLUBS OF iYfJW YORK. 
 
 subscribers, the sweepstakes is not vitiated, and the race 
 is not void. 
 
 A plate is a sum offered for a race for which two or 
 more horses may be entered by the same person, but 
 in wlrich no person can run, in his own name or that of 
 another, two horses of which he is wholly or in part the 
 owner on the day of the race, unless by special permis- 
 sion. A poststake is a race in which subscribers are not 
 compelled to declare what horses they intend to run 
 until ten minutes previous to starting. A handicap, a 
 race in which the horses carry weight, regulated accord- 
 ing to the decision of the handicapper. The winner of 
 any given heat is entitled to the pole at the next start; 
 and others take their places to the right or left, accord- 
 ing as they came out on the previous heat. In running 
 for a purse, the places for starting are raffled for; but in 
 sweepstakes, plates, poststakes, and handicaps, the 
 clerk of the course determines the order of starting, and 
 which shall have the pole, or inside of the track; and 
 from his decision no appeal can be taken. All riders 
 must wear the jockey costume, consisting of cap and 
 jacket of silk or satin, pantaloons of white corduroy, 
 cords, flannel, or buckskin, and top-boots. The colors 
 selected by owners are recorded by the clerk of the 
 course, and, after record, cannot be appropriated by 
 other parties. A list of all colors that have been re- 
 corded is, for the benefit of spectators, posted at the 
 judges' stand. 
 
 Insufficient identification voids an entry, said insuf- 
 ficiency consisting in the omission of color, sex, n.ame, 
 age, pedigree — with the exception that, with a horse 
 having once run on the course of any known association, 
 name and age are regarded as identification sufficient to 
 entitle to the course. If, again, the horse has been given a 
 
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A MEIifCA X JOCKKT CLUB. 189 
 
 new name by a new owner, it. is necessary to give bot'i 
 names, or the entrj' is null; that is, in all instances, all 
 names by which the racer has been previously known 
 must be recorded in the entry. In the nomination of for- 
 eign horses, the owner must produce the certificate of 
 some racing club of the country' whence coming, or from 
 the mayor or other public ofiScer of the district;, stating 
 the age, jje iigree, and color of the horse, and the marks 
 by which it may be identified; and if a horse is not suffi- 
 ciently identified, not only is it not permitted to start, 
 but the owner is liable to pay the whole stake, if the race 
 be play or pay, or a forfeit if not. Fraudulent entry 
 constitutes a peroetual disaualification of the horse so 
 entered, and the owner is compelled to return anj' money 
 which may have been won. No person can start ahorse 
 for any race in his own name or that of another jjerson, 
 unless both owner and namer have liquidated all former 
 stakes and forfeits; this rule extending to forfeits in- 
 curred on any course to which the club extends the 
 honor of recognition; and persons appearing in the 
 forfeit list are disqualified, so long as dues and forfeits 
 remain unsettled. The list of weights to be carried by 
 running horses is thus specified : 
 
 P&unds. 
 
 Two year, olds 75 
 
 Three-year olds 95 
 
 Fonr-year olds 108 
 
 Five-year olds 114; 
 
 Six-year olds and upward 118 
 
 However, in all races exclusively for three-year olds, 
 weights must be one hundred and ten pounds, and in 
 all for two-year olds exclusively, one hundred pounds; 
 while, with the exception of handicaps and races where 
 weights are absolutely fixed, an allowance of three pormds 
 
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'90 CLvna OF new yobk. 
 
 is made in favor of mares and geldings. Tlie foaUiov- 
 weight is fixed af seventy-five pounds; tlie welter weight 
 at twenty-eight pounds, added to tlie weight for age, as 
 specified in tlie table. The interval between heats is also 
 fixed by table, thus: 
 
 Between mile heats 20 minutes 
 
 Between two-mile heats 25 miiintes 
 
 Between three-mile heats 35 minutts 
 
 Between four-mile heats 40 minutes 
 
 Dead heats and other matters are also regulated by 
 special rules; special rules governing the behavior of 
 jockeys, who, in default of exact obedience, are subject 
 to penalties varying from twenty-five to one hundred 
 dollars. In mile heats, forty yards constitute a dis- 
 tance; in heats of two miles, fifty yards; in heats of three 
 miles, sixty yards; in heats of four miles, seventy yards 
 — the distance being reckoned from the winning post, at 
 the proper interval from which is located the stand of 
 the distance judge, whose duty it is to drop his flag in 
 case a runner shall not have passed him before the fore- 
 most horse has passed the winning post. 
 
 The betting rules constitute a complicated system, to 
 be fathomed by nobody but an expert. As a rule, as 
 the stakes so the bets; and in all cases there must be a 
 possibility of winning when the bet is made. All bets, 
 ui:less stipulated to the contrary, are play or pay. When 
 a race is postponed all bets must stand; but bets on a 
 dead heat are void. Money given to lay a bet cannot be 
 demanded, though the race should not be run; and the 
 person who lays odds has the right to select his horse 
 against the field — the whole forming a comjilex network 
 of taking risks, upon which no novice should enter with- 
 out special study or acute legal counsel, so intricate are 
 its quips, quirks, and windings, and special exceptions. 
 
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A M ERIC A iV JOCKE Y CL UB. I 9 ' 
 
 The jjreseat condition of the clab is flattering. Its 
 membership is in excess of one thousand , affording from 
 dues an income of fifty thousand a year; while its annual 
 income from admissions to the races has, thus far, ex- 
 ceeded one hundred and fifty thousand; and hence it 
 may be regarded as the most solvent of all the leading 
 clubs, with the exception of the Union League, Man- 
 hattan, and Union — which latter, owning property to the 
 extent of four hundred thousand, is ridden by a mortgage 
 for one hundred and forty thousand. 
 
 During its brief biography it has developed the finest 
 stables in this country. First oh the list stands that of 
 August Belmont; Sanford's next, probably; after which 
 may be mentioned half-a-dozen only les.s valuable. Je- 
 rome Park has, in fact, become a little city of blooded 
 hoi'ses — an aristocracy of animals as sternly dependent 
 on pedigree for social standing as any member of the old 
 regime by vchich the leading clubs are mostly supported. 
 Its success has given an impulse, too, to the passion for 
 
 " The thoroughbred of purest breed," ' 
 
 which nothing else could have developed; and prominent 
 citizens everywhere are becoming amateur turfmen, to be 
 a turfman having been decreed fashionable. Under its 
 influence, also, racing has won a certain popularity as 
 compared with trotting, which, at present, surrounds the 
 ranner with especial eclaf: Gloire, which means some- 
 thing quite distinct from English glory, is not an Amer- 
 ican word, but an American pas.sion it certainly ex- 
 presses; and something of the halo indicated by the term 
 has been engrafted upon racing and ils cojrcomitants by 
 the fashionable galaxies which the meetings of the club 
 have called. " Falmam qui meruit, ferat," vemaxked the 
 learned ex-secretary, in laudation of Kentucky, on the 
 
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'9^ CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 occasion of the great national handicap, and so one may 
 say of the American Jockej' Chib. For decorum, fashion, 
 and proprietj', nothing in the annals of the American 
 turf has been equal or even second to its meetings, which 
 have, at least, had the merit of translating the slang of 
 the profession into respectable English, thus eliminating 
 numerous barbarisms from the already barbarism-bed- 
 ridden i language. So far, the club is entitled to the 
 thanks of the jjurist in manners; and, by and by, per- 
 haps, it may deserve the thanks of the pimst in morals, 
 by the. invention of some method of betting not classifi- 
 able in the general category, or subject to its vices, and 
 the elimination of that maelstrom of abomination, rightly 
 named the pool, from the fact of its sucking in whatso- 
 ever comes within the circle of its fascinating- eddies. 
 
 The club is thus oiEcered: — President, August Bel- 
 mont; Vice-Presidents, W. Butler Duncan, Leonard Je- 
 rome, John H. Purdy, and William E. Travers: Execu- 
 tive Committee, David Crawford, Jr., WilHam Constable, 
 A. C. Monson, William H. Vanderbilt, and David Dunham 
 Withers, in addition to the president and vice-presidents, 
 who are members of the committee ex officio: Treasurer, 
 A. C. Monson; Secretary, C. Wheatley: Board of Gov- 
 ernors, S. L. M. Barlow, C. W. Bothgate, James A. 
 Bayard, August Belmont, James Gordon Bennett, Jr., 
 R. W. Cameron, J. W. Glendenin, E. Boudinott Colt, 
 WilHam Constable, David Crawford, Jr., George Denison, 
 William P. Douglas, Henry Duncan, W. Butler Duncan, 
 WilUam J. Emmett, W. A. Fitzhugh, Paul S. Forbes, 
 John E. Garland, W. H. Gibbons, George Griswold 
 Gray, H. W. Gray, G. G. Hammond, John Hoey, G. G. 
 Howland, John Hunter, Lawrence E. Jerome, Leonard 
 W. Jerome, Duncan F. Kenner, Carroll Livingston, Alex- 
 ander S. Macomb, Adolphe Mailliard, Manton Marble, 
 
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AU ERIC AN JOCKEY CL UB. I 93 
 
 AVilliam H. McVickar, A. 0. Monson, Francis Morris, 
 Lewis G. Morris, Edward Pearsall, Jr., John JF. Purdy, 
 William Redmond, A. Keene Kichards-, Elisha Riggs, A. 
 Robeson, M. H. Sanford, Francis Skiddy, Henry A. 
 Stone, R. Taylor, William R. Travers, WHliam H. Van- 
 derbilt, Craig W. Wadsworth, and David Dunham 
 Withers. The membership, resident mostly in New 
 York, is included in the subjoined list: 
 
 LIST OF MEMBERS. 
 
 Abecases, J. S. ; Adams, D. M. ; Adams, H. M. ; Adams, J. J. ; 
 Alexander, J. E. ; Alexandre, Francis V. ; Allen, D. B. ; AUerton, A. 
 M. ; Alley, George B. ; Alvord, Alwj'n A. ; Amsiuck, Gustave; Ander- 
 son, John; Andrews, George P.; Angler, William E. ; Antbon, Wil- 
 liam H.; Anthony, C. L. ; Anthony, James L. ; Appleton, Nathan; 
 Appleton, W. H. ; Appleton, W. W. ; Armstrong, D. Maitland; 
 Arnold, B. G.; Arnold, Charles; Arnold, F. B. ; Ashley, 0. D. ; As- 
 pinwall, Lloyd; Aspiiiwall, A\^ H. ; Atkinson, E. ; Austin, David; 
 Austin, James; Austin, S. F. 
 
 Babcook, Henry G. ; Babcoclc, Samuel D. ; Babcock, Stephen B. ; 
 Baby, Frank E. ; Backman, Charles; Bacon, Francis; Bacon, George; 
 Badgley, J. D. ; Baile, Eobert; Bailey, J. Muhlenburg; Bailey, N. P.; 
 Baker, F. ; Baldwin, C. G. ; Baldwin, G. V. N. ; Baldwin, Nathan A. ; 
 Banker, James H. ; Banyer, Goldsborough; Barclay, Henry A. ; Bar- 
 clay, James L. ; Barclay, Saokett M. ; Barger, Samuel F. ; Barnard, 
 George G. ; Barnes, Charles; Barker, Dr. Fordyce; Barker, Isove; 
 Barre, James H. ; Barreda, P. L. ; Barrett, Alexander ; Barrett, Geo. 
 C. ; Barrett, William C. ; Barretto, F. J. ; Barrow, J. W. ; Bartholo- 
 mew, J. 0. ; Bartow, George L. ; Bassett, 0. M. ; Bates, J. H. ; Bates, 
 Martin; Bathgate, Alexander; Bathgate, James; Baxter, A. S. ; 
 Baxter, H. H. ; Bayard, Edward ; Bayley, William A. ; Beecher, 
 John S. ; Beekman, G. L. ; Beekman, B. F.; Beldeu, William; Bell, 
 Edward E. ; Bell, Isaac; Bell, J. W. ; Bell, M. ; Bend, George H. ; 
 Bend, William B. ; Benkard, Jiimes; Benrimo, Barrow; Bent, S. S. ; 
 Berrymau, Charle ; H. ; Beresford, J. G. ; Betts, George F. ; Bickley, 
 H. W. ; Binsse, Edward; Bishop, David W. ; Blague, G., Jr.: 
 Blanchard, E. W. ; Blodgett, D. C; Blodgett, W. T. ; Bloodgood, 
 John; Bolles, Kiciard J.; Bond, E. N. ; Bond, Frank S. ; Bond, 
 
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'9-1 CLUBS OF ,\EW YOBE. 
 
 William; Bonuer, E. H. ; Bonner, George T. ; Bonner, John; Boody, 
 A.; Booraem, H. Toler; Borie, Beauveau; Borrows, W. B. ; Bost- 
 wick, H. A.; Bouvier, J. V.; Bowles, Charles B.; Bowdoin, George 
 R. J.; Bowdoin, George S. ; Bowerman, Henry; Bowers, Henry; 
 Branden, Edward; Bradford, J. Henry; Bradley, James S. ; Biady. 
 John K. ; Braem, H. M. ; Bradhurst, T. C. P. ; Brewster, Beuj. Har- 
 ris; Brewster, Henry; Brewster, J. E. ; Brevoort, Henry W, ; Bren- 
 uan, M. T.; Briggs, William H.; Bristed, C. A.; Britten, John W. ; 
 Broadhead, George H. ; Brook, Morton; Bronson, Isaac; Brooks, 
 Edward S. ; Brooks, Elisha; Brown, Clarence S. ; Brown, J. Carter, 
 2d; Brown, John W. ; Brown, Lewis B. ; Brown, Lewis M. ; Brown, 
 Philip H. ; Brown, Eobert J.; Brown, T. E.; Brown, Vernon H. ; 
 Brown, W. H. ; Bruce, S. D. ; Bryce, James; Enckingham, J. A.; 
 Buckley, T. C. T. ; Burden, James A. ; Burden, J. Tow: send ; Burn- 
 ham, Douglas W. ; Burns, W. H. ; Burrill, Charles D. ; Bnrrill, James 
 E., Jr.; Butterfield, Daniel. 
 
 Cadwell, S. TJ. ; Camnlack, Addison; Cammann, Charles L. ; Gar- 
 uoohan. Dr. J. M. ; Carver, B. F. ; Carroll, J. E.; Cashman, M. A.; 
 Caswell, W, H. ; Cater, Ayinar; Catherwood, Pi,. B. ; Cecil, George; 
 Cecil, J. E. ; Center, Henry; Center, Eohert; Chalfin, S. F. ; Chase, 
 Nelson; Chadwick, Henry A.; Chamberlain, Charles; Chapin, E. S. ; 
 Charlick, Oliver; Chickering, C. P. ; Chrystie, Albert N.; Claflin, H. 
 B. ; Clark, Prank H. ; Clark, George C. ; Clark, Luther C. ; Clarke, 
 William M. ; Clapp, Harry; Clapp, Hawley D. ; Clapp, N. D. ; Clason, 
 Augustus; Classon, Augustus W. ; Gierke, W. B. ; Clews, Henry; 
 Cochrane, John; Cockroft, J. H. V.; Coe, Spencer W. ; CofSn, Jul:eu 
 E. ; Colburn, G. C. ; Colburn, Warren ; Coleman, A. B. ; Coleman, 
 W. T.; Collins, C. B. ; Connolly, J. A.; Connolly, J. T.; Connolly, 
 M. ; Connolly, Thomas B. ; Connolly, W. A. ; Constable, James M. ; 
 Constable, William, Jr.; Cooke, Henry D. ; Cooper, D. Johnson; 
 Cooper, Edward; Cooper, Henry W. ; Cooper, Mervelle W. ; Cooper, 
 W. B., Jr. ; Copcutt, Francis; Corlies, E. L. ; Corlies, J. W. ; Cornell, 
 C. G. ; Cornell, J. E. ; Cornell, Thomas C. ; Cornwalli^, K. ; Coster, 
 Daniel J. ; Coster, Henry A. ; Coster, John G. ; Coster, J. H. ; Cot- 
 tenett, Edward L. ; Cottrell, George W. ; Courtney, Samuel G. ; 
 Courtright, Milton; Cox, S. S. ; Crane, H. C. ; Craig, W. W. ; Cran- 
 ston, Hiram; Cross, John W. ; Cryder, W. W. ; Curphey, Jamas y. ; 
 Curtis, Abijah; Curtis, N. B.; Gushing, J. G. ; Cutler, 0. N. ; Cut- 
 ting, B. ; Cutting, Hayward; Cuttii^g, J. D. W. : Cutting, Eobert L. ; 
 Cutting, Eobert L., Jr.; Cutting, Walter; Cutting, Walter L. ; Cut- 
 ting, Wilbam. 
 
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.■I MKRICAN JOCKJS T CL UB. I 95 
 
 Dailey, Johu T. : Dailey, W. J. F. ; Daly, K. B. ; Dale, John G. ; 
 Dane, Andrew J. ; Darling, A. B. ; Dater, James; Dater, Philip; Dav- 
 enport, C. F. ; Davies, Henry E. , Jr. ; Davies, Johu T. ; Davies, K. K. ; 
 Davis, S. M.; Davidson, Stratford P. ; De Bary, Adolphe; De Bary, 
 Frederick; De Bary, L. A. ; De Camp, A. L. ; Decker, N. H. ; De Co- 
 meau, O. ; De Comeau, U. ; De Coppet, H. ; De Coster, C. M. ; 
 D'HautviUe, F. S. G. ; De Jonge, J.; Delafield, M. L.; Delmonico, 
 Laurent; De Louisada, Marquis; De Neufville, Jacob; Denison, 
 Charles; Denis, Charles, Jr. ; Des Marets, Earnest A .; Detmold, C. E. ; 
 De Vis.ser, Simon; Dibble, Edward D. ; Dick, W. B. ; Dinsmore, Wil- 
 liam B. ; Diven, General A. S. ; Dobell, Edward ; Dodge, C. C. ; 
 Dodge, Edward; Dolan, Henry; Dore, John; Doremus, E. 0.; Dos- 
 well, Thomas W. ; Douglass, James; Dowling, J. W. ; Draper, David 
 S.; Draper, J. H. ; Duer, Dening; Duer, Edward A. ; Dufais, F. F. ; 
 Duflon, P. V. ; Duncan, David; Duncan, Stephen, Jr. ; Duncan, S. B. ; 
 Dunscomb, Alexander H. ; Durant. Charles W. ; Durant, T. C. ; Dur- 
 kee, Harrison. 
 
 Earle, F. P.; Eckerson. Jacob; Eccles, F. H. ; Edey, Charles C. ; 
 Edgar, R. VV. ; Edgar, Leroy; Edgar, Newbold; Einstein, Edwin; 
 Elwees, Captain C. F. ; Ely, Richard S. ; Emmett, Richard S. ; Engs, 
 George; Eno, Amos F. ; Evens, Silas G. ; Evens, W. "W. ; Eyre, 
 Henry. 
 
 Fachiri, Theodore ; Fahnestock, H. C ; Fanshawe, G. A. ; Fanshaw, 
 W. S. ; Faye, Thomas; Fearing, D. B. ; Fearing, George E. ; Fearing, 
 Henry S. ; FeiTis, Henry; Ferris, Warren; Pesser, E. M. ; Field, E. G. ; 
 Field, Maunsell B. ; Fields, Thomas C. ; Finck, Eugene; Fischer, 
 Charles P.; Fischer, Frederick; Fish, Nicholas; Fisk, James, Jr. ; 
 Fiske, J. M. ; Fitzhugh, Henry; Fliess, William M. ; Fleitmp.nn, 
 Herman; Flint, James L.; Fhnt, T. J. S. ; Poote, T. M. ; Forbes, De 
 Courcy; Ford, Smith; Forrest, George J. ; Foster, Heniy A.. ; Foster, 
 J. P. G. ; Foster, William ; Fowler, John, Jr. ; Fowler, Mortimer L. ; 
 Fox, D. G. ; Francklyn, Charles G; Frank, G.; Freeman, George A. ; 
 French, S. Barton; Furbish, Hemy H. ; Furman, J. M. 
 
 Gafney, John H. ; Gaillard, Joseph, Jr. ; (jandy, Sheppard ; Gard- 
 ner, Peter; Garner, James G. ; Garr, George; Garrison, C. K. ; Garri- 
 son, W. R. ; Gebhard, William H. ; George, John W. ; Gerard, James 
 W., Jr.; Gerry, E. T. ; Gibson, Wood; Gibert, Fred. E.; Gillian, 
 Hercules E.; Gillespie, I. W. ; Gimbemat, J. R. ; Godwin, J. H., Jr. ; 
 Go let, Ogden; Goelet, Robert, Jr. ; Goodhue, Charles C; Goodridge, 
 F. ; Gossage, Charles; Gould, Edmond L. ; Gould, Jay; Grace, W. R. ; 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
19^ CLUBS OH JS'EW YOUK. 
 
 Gracie, Charles King; Grafton, J.; Grainger, J. E. J.; Grant, 0. De 
 Forest; Gray, Bryce; Green, Edward Murray; Green, Martin E. ; 
 Greenleaf, A. "Warren; Grice, Charles 0. ; Grinnell, G. B. ; Griunell, 
 Irving; Grinnell, Moses H. ; Griswold, C. W. ; Griswold, George; 
 Griswold, John A. ; Griswold, J. C. ; Griswold, J. N. A. : Grote, F. ; 
 Grubb, E. Kurd; Grymes, C. A.; Gunther, C. Godfrey; Gunther, F. 
 F. ; Gunther, William Henry; Gurnee, W. S. 
 
 Hadden, John A. ; Hale, Seth W. ; Hall, E. S. ; Hall, F. M. ; Hall, 
 George C. ; Hall, George W. ; Hall, Peleg; Halsey, W. L. ; Hamilton, 
 Alexander, Jr. ; Hamilton, James A. ; H!immoud, E. H. ; Harbeck, 
 C. H. ; Harbeck, Henry ; Harbeck, John H. ; Harbeck, William H. ; 
 Hargous, P. A. ; Harley, Henry; Harmon, P. C ; Harney, Charles H. ; 
 Hart, Ben.; Hart, E. B.; Hart, Henry; Hartshorne, J. M. ; Hai-vey, 
 Alexander W. ; Harway, J. L. ; Has'.inga, C. C. ; Hatch, Rufns; 
 Hatch, E. E.; Haughton, M. G. ; Haven, G. G. ; Haven, N. P.; 
 Hawley, E. Judson; Haxtum, John K. ; Hayden, Joel, Jr. ; Heath, A. 
 H. ; Hecksher, John G. ; Hedden, Josiah; Heineman, Emil; Hen- 
 dricks, E. ; Hendricks, Joshua; Henriques, William H. ; Henry, M. 
 H. ; Herbert, George F. ; Heslapp, Joseph Stitt; Hildreth, D. M. ; 
 Hiller, William S. ; Hoadley, George E.; Hoag, F. M. ; Hobbs, John; 
 Hodge, Jonn G. ; Hoffman, C. B. ; Hoflinan, L. M. ; Holbrook, Edwin 
 W.; Holladay, Benjamin; Hollinshead, J. S?; Homans, I. S., Jr.; 
 Homans, Shepard; Hone, K. L. ; Hopkins, Henry; Hopkin.'', S. W. ; 
 Hou.ston, James B. ; Howe, Frank E. ; Howes, Kenben W. ; Howland, 
 Meredith; Hoy, H. E.; Hoyt, Gould; Hoyt, Henry S. ; Huchins, E. 
 C; Hudson, W. Holley; Hunt, E. T. ; Hunt, M. Furman; Hunting, 
 James H. ; Huntington, L. B. ; Hurst, F. W. J. 
 
 In galls, Eufus; Ingraham, Daniel P. ; Irvin, K. , Jr. ; Isaacs, Monte- 
 fore; Iselin, Adrian; Ives, Frederick E. 
 
 Jackson, E. J. ; Jackson, F. W. ; Jaffray, W. P. ; James, David H. ; 
 James, F. P.; James, Julien; Jameson, J. A.; Jarvis^ N. , Jr.; Jay, 
 Louis; Jay, William; Jerome, Eugene; Jerome, Isaac; Jerome, 
 Thomas A.: Jewel, L. B. ; Johnson, Bradish; Johnson, Francis L. ; 
 Johnson, George W. ; Johnson, H. A.; Johnson, Theodore; Johnson, 
 Wilmot; Johnson, William; Jones, David; Jones, Frederick M. ; Jo- 
 seph, L. ; Josephson, Louis; Joslyn, O. W. ; Jova, John J.; Judson, 
 Charles J.; Justh, E. 
 
 Kane, John G. ; Kellogg, George G. ; Kemeys, Edward; Kemp, 
 John H. ; Kendall, J. S. ; Kerner, C. H. ; Kernoohan, J. Frederick; 
 Ketohum, Charles J.; Keteltas, Henry; Keteltas, J. Gardner; Kim- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
AMEBICAN JOCKEY CLUB. I 97 
 
 ber, Arthur; Kimball, Robert J. ; King, A. Gracie; King, D. J. ; King, 
 0. v.; King, Edward (42 Ex, P.); King, Edward (68 E. 34); King, 
 E. H. ; King, Olivi-r K. ; Kingsland, Ambrose C. ; Kimgsland, A. C, 
 Jr.; Kingsland, Daniel; Kingsland, Emile; Kingsland, George L. ; 
 Knapp, A. M. ; Knapp, G. L. ; Knapj], Shepherd F. ; Knickerbacker, 
 K. ; Knowlton, George W. ; Kohn, A. ; Kobbe, William A. ; Kutter, 
 George. 
 
 Lafarge, Alphouze; Lally, James; Lamb, David; Lambard, G. A.; 
 La Montagne, Edward; Lancey, K. C. ; Lange, A. K. ; Lansberg, S. ; 
 Lansing, Arthur B. ; Lathers, Richard; Liw, George; Lawrence, 
 Alexander C. ; Lawrence, A. G.; Lawrence, Bryan; Lawrence, Geo. 
 P. ; Lawrence, J. K. ; Lawrence, J. B. ; Lawrence, John S. ; Lawrence, 
 J. W. ; Lawton, J. Wari'en; Leary, Arthur; Leavett, H. S. ; Lcdiard, 
 Charles; Lee, D. B. ; Lee, W. P. ;Leland, Charles; Leland, Simeon; 
 Lemmon, William; Leonard, Henry K. ; Le Boy, Herman B. ; Leslie, 
 Frank ; Levine, M. H. ; Lewis, George M. ; Littlefield, Erastus ; Liv- 
 ingston, J. B. ; Livingston, Johnston; Livingston, Robert J. ; Locke, 
 S. M. ; Lockwood, Alfred; Lockwood, S. F. ; Loew, Charles E. ; Long, 
 George \V. ; Long, Jacob M. ; Lord, John T. ; Lorillard, G. L. ; Lor- 
 illard, Louis L. ; Lorillard, Pet;r; Lounsbury, Richard P.; Love- 
 grove, Arthur; Lowry, John A.; Luckemeyer, Edward; Ludlow, Ed- 
 win ; Ludlow, Thomas W. ; Luling, Charles ; Ly dig, David. 
 
 Macaulay, John L. ; Main, S. A.; Mali, H. W. T.; Mali, W. W. ; 
 Manice, E. A. ; Marie, Peter ; Marshall, Charles H. ; Marston, Willianr 
 H. ; Martin, W. R. ; Marx, Louis; Mason, Henry; Mason, Sidney; 
 Matthews, Edward; Matthewson, Park; Maxwell, James E. ; Maxwell, 
 John D. ; Maxwell, Dr. W. H. ; McClave, John; McClure, George; 
 McGullum, George W. ; McConuell, T. R. ; McCracken, Ernest L. ; 
 McCready, D. A. ; McCready, N. L. ; McOulloh, James W. ; McCune, 
 Charles W. : McDougal, G. C. ; McGinuis, John, Jr. ; McGown, H. P. ; 
 McGrath, \V. B. ; Mcintosh, John E. ; McKim, R. V. ; McLane, Allen; 
 McLaue, Louis ; McLean, C "orge W. ; McLean, James M . ; McLean, 
 S. ; Meeker, W. B. ; Meyer, Christopher; Meyers, T. Bailey; Miller, 
 A. B. ; Miller, A. M. ; Miller, Edmund H. ; Miller, Henry ; Millbank, 
 Samuel W. ; Millbank, A. J. ; Mills, J. G. ; Mills, W. J. ; Minor, A. J. ; 
 Mitchell, Alexander; Mitchell, James L. ; Mitchell, M. ; MoUer, Geo. 
 H. ; MoUer, Peter; MoUer, Peter, Jr. ; MoUer, "William; Moller, Wil- 
 liam F. : Monroe, James; Montague, D. P.; Monson, Marcena, Jr.; 
 Montant, Alphonse P. ; Moody, H. J. ; Moore, E. G. ; Morgan, Chas. ; 
 Morgan, Edward; Morgan, M.; Morgan, Theodore M. ; Morgan, W. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
■9° CLUBS OV NE^Y YORK. 
 
 D. ; Morris, Fordham; Morris, A. Newbold; Morris, G. W. ; Morris, 
 J. A. ; Morris, James L. ; Morris, W. H. ; Morsell, J. Ferguson; Mor- 
 ton, LeviP. ;Moslier, A. T.; Moss, Theodore; Motley, J. M. ; Mott, 
 Alexander B. ; Mott, James; Mott, John; Mott, John W. ; Mott, Jor- 
 dan L.; Motz, Ferdinand; Moulson, John; Mount, W. S. ; Mowi-y, 
 Sylvester; Mudgett, B. F. ; Mullaney, J. K. ; Munzinger, Charles; 
 Murdock, Uriel A. ; Murphy, John; Murphy, Thomas; Murray, John 
 B. ; Myers, A. L. ; Myers, J. L. ; Myers, Theodore W. 
 
 Nathan, Benjamin; Natorp, Gustavus; Naylor, Henry; Naylor, 
 Joseph; Nsill, Edward M. ; Neill, J. Be Laucey; Nesbitt, George F., 
 Jr. ; Nicholas, George S. ; Norrie, Gordon; Norvell, C. C. 
 
 Oakley, H. C. ; O'Brien, James; O'Connor, Charles; Oddie, John 
 Van Schaick; O'Donnell, J. M. ; O'Donohue, Joseph J.; Decks, An- 
 thony; Oelberman, E. ; O'Fallon, James J.; Ogden, Alfred; Ogden, 
 Charles H. ; Ogden, W. B. ; Olliffe, W. M. ; Oppenheim, E. L. ; Or- 
 cutt, C. C. ; Osborne, C. J.; Osgood, Franklin; Osgood, Gt'orge A.; 
 Otis, Dr. F. N.; Otis, George K. 
 
 Paine, W. H. ; Palmer, Charles P. ; Palmer, Henry; Palmer, H. D. ; 
 Palmei', Richard S. ; Paris, Sherman; Parker, James V. ; Parks, C. C. ; 
 Parks, William M. ; Parsons, L. ; Patersou, James A. ; Paulding, 
 J. N. ; Pearsall, Denton; Pearsall, Thomas W. ; Penneman, C. R. ; 
 Penneman, S. G. ; Perez, Don Manuel; Perkins, C. L. ; Perkins, H. 
 B. ; Perrin, Robert P. ; Perrine, "VV. H. ; Pettee, D. L. : Pettes, William 
 R. ; Phelps, Royal; Phillips, Arthur Edward; Phipps, George; 
 Phceuis, Lloyd; Phoenix, PhilliiDs; Pierrepont, Edwards; Pitzipio, 
 Gaorge D. ; Place, Charles; Piatt, Frank; Piatt, John R,; Piatt, 
 Samuel R. ; Pleasanton, A.; Plock, Otto; Polhemus, H. D. ; Pond, 
 L. S. ; Ponvert, Elias, Jr.; Ponvert, Louis; Post, Charles A, ; Post, 
 E. A. ; Potter, Edward E. ; Potter, R.B.; Potter, William Henry ; 
 Powell, A. H. ; Punnett, James; Purdy, E. H. ; Purdy, Lovell; 
 Purdy, Samuel M. ; Purser, George H. ; Pyne, John. 
 
 Rader, Louis B. ; Rader, M. ; Randall, Nathan; Raudoph, E. D. ; 
 Ray, Winthrop G. ; Raymond, Charles M. ; Read, C. H. ; Read, T. 
 B. ; Read, T. T. ; Resd, Edgar; Reed, Isaac H. ; Redmond, Goold 
 H. ; Redmond, E. ; Redmond, William, Jr. ; Reford, J. J. ; Remsen, 
 W. R. ; Renshaw, J. M. ; Rhodes, James A. ; Richardson, John G. ; 
 Richardson, W. ; Richmond, Henry A. ; Rieck, J. G. ; Ripley, Joseph; 
 Risten,Johii A.; llobbins, H. A.; Robbins, S. H. ; Uobert, Frederick; 
 Robinson, Beverly, Jr. ; Robinson, Douglas; Rodewald, H. ; Rogers, 
 Fairman; Rogers, John; Rogers, W. 0. ; Roome, Charles; Ronalds, 
 
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A MEUICAN JOCKEY CL US. 199 
 
 Thomas A.; Ross, W. D. ; Routh, H. De B. ; Kowe, Edward; Kowe, 
 Thomas P.; Eubino, Jacob; Buggies, J. F. ; Bupill, Henry G. ; 
 Russell, Charles W. ; Russell, Harry ; Russell, T. B. ; Ruttcr, 
 Jostp-i O. 
 
 Samauos, S. A. ; Sands, Andrew H. ; Sanford, Charles F. ; Sanford, 
 Gi5org3 W. ; Savory, George; Sayre, Lewis A.; Schanck, D. S. ; 
 Scheftel, Adolpho; Schell, Augustus; Sohell, Richard; Schenck, 
 Edward; Schenck, J. F. ; Schenck, W. I, ; Schepeler, J. D. ; Schepeler, 
 J. P.; Schermerhorii, F. A.; Schermerhorn, John; Schermerhorn, 
 W. B.; Schieffeliu, Charles M.; Schieffelin, W. H.; Schnabell, 
 Richard A ; Schneely. A. ; Schuyler, C. P. ; Schuyler, George 
 L.; Schuyler, Philip; Scott, Edward P. ; Scott, V/. G. ; Searles, 
 James L.; Ssars, K. W.; Sellar, David P. ; Sellye, "W. W. ; Solover, 
 A. A. ; Solover, James JM. ; Seton, Alfred L. ; Seward, Clar- 
 ence A.; Shermau, Frederick; Sherman, W. "VV.; Sherwood, Johu: 
 Sherwood, Warner; Shirley, Henry; Simmons, Z. E. ; Slingerland, 
 William A.; Slingerland, William J.; Slocomb, Thomas; Smith, 
 David; Smith, Desha; Smith, E. Delafield; Smith, Hugh, Smith, 
 H. M.; Smith, James; Smith, James M. ; Smith, James Read; 
 Smith, J. Gait; Smith, L. Shuster; Smith, Murray F.; Smith, 
 Selah ; Sober, A. ; Spear, Charles ; Spencer, James C. ; Spofiord, 
 Gardner S. ; Spofford, J. L. ; Sprague, Joseph A.; Squire, Fi-ank; 
 Squires, Itobert; Starin, W.H. ; Stebbins, C. H. ; Stebbins, Henry 
 G. ; Stedwell, J. H. ; Steers, Henry; Stephens, JohnL.; Step>hens,'W'. 
 A. : Stetson, Alex. M. C. ; Stevens, Prank S. ; Stevens, Paran; Stevens, 
 P. H.; Steward, John, Jr. ; Stewart, Thomas E. ; Stewart, William P. ; 
 Stiastney, L. J.; Stillman. Cljarles; Stiner, Joseph; Stiner, Philip; 
 Stokes, E. S.; Stone, Joseph F.; Stone, W. Oliver; Stoughtou, 
 Charles B. ; Stoughtou, Edwin W. ; Stow, J. A.; Strong, Charles E. ; 
 Strong, W. E. ; Strong, W. L. ; Struthers, James ; Sturgess, P. D. ; 
 Sturgess, T. T. , Jr. ; Stuyvesant, A. Van Horn ; Stuyvesant, Robert 
 E.; Sumner, G. Edwards; Suydam, D. L. ; Suydam, Ferdinand P.; 
 Suydam, P. M. ; Suydam, Richard L. ; Swan, Benjamin E. ; Sweeney, 
 J. M.; Sweeney, P. B. 
 
 Tag, Charles P.; Taller, E. N., Jr.; Talman. George H., Taylor, 
 Alexander; Taylor, H. A. C; Taylor. H. S. ; Taylor, Stuart M. 
 Taylor, William H. ; Teft, E. T. ; Telfair, J. R. ; Thayer, J. S. 
 Thomson, Christopher ; Thomson, James ; Thompson, A. C. 
 Thompson, Henry ; Thompson, Samuel C. ; Thome, Eugene 
 Thome, W. S.; Thorp, A. S.; Tiffany, 0. L.; Tifiany, George; Til- 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
200 CLUBS 01< iVJSW YUltK. 
 
 den, Samuel J. ; Tillingbast, Crawford T. ; Timpsoa, B. F. ; Timp- 
 SOD, Theodore; Tobias, Joseph F. ; Todd, Reuben J. ; Toel,William ; 
 Toler, James B. ; Toler, William E. ; Townley, George A. ; Townsend, 
 Effingham; Townsend, John Jackson: Townsend, Peter; Ti-acy, F. 
 W. ; Tracy, John F. ; Trask, B. I. H., Jr. ; Tucker, Gideon J.; 
 TurnbuU, Hem-y; Turn bull. L. G.; Turubull, E. J.; TurnbuU, 
 V/illiam; Tur-nbuU, Wm. ; Turner, David L. ; Tuttle, Charles; 
 Tuttle, C. A.; Tweed, William M. ; Tyler, George F. 
 
 Underbill, I. F. 
 
 Vail, Henry F. ; Van Buren A. ; Van Buren, Smith T. ; Van 
 Courtland, Augustus ; Van Courtlandt, P. J. ; Van Courtlandt, J. S. ; 
 Vauderbilt, C. ; Vanderbilt, J. H. ; Vanderboff, E. W. ; Van Sauu, A. ; 
 Van Schaick, E. H. ; Van Schaick, J. ; Van Voorhis, Barton W. ; 
 Varian, W. A.; Vatable, Jules; Verhuven, Henry F. ; Vibbard, 
 Chauncy; Vickers, J. Milner; Viele, Egbert L. ; Von Hoffman, Louis; 
 Von Hoffinan, Pjchard; Von Keller, Herman; Vyse, Thomas A., Jr. 
 
 Wadsworth, J. 0. L. ; Wainwright, J. Howard; Walker, Thomas 
 George; Wall, Michael W. ; Wallack, J. Lester; Walrave :, J. E. ; 
 Walsh, C. AlUson; Ward, George B. ; Ward, Henry H. ; Ward, John 
 E. ; Ward, Samuel; Waterbury, James M. ; Waterbury, Lawi-ence; 
 Watson, Goodwin; Watson, L. G. ; Watson, William; Webster, Sid- 
 ney ; Welch, Edward V. ; Welch, J. H.; Wells, Kirk B. ; Wenman, 
 J. F. ; West, James O. ; Wetmore, George P. ; Wheatley, Charles; 
 Wheeler, De Witt C. ; Wheeler, S. G., Jr.; Whipple, John; White, 
 Charles E. ; White, Charles W. ; White, Samuel E. ; Whitehouse, E. 
 M. ; Whitewright, Wm., Jr. ; Whitaker, Thomas A. ; WTiiting, J. R. ; 
 Whiteman, N.; Whitney, Frederick A.; Wild, Alfred; Wiltes, 
 George; Willard, E. K. ; Williams, A. D.; Williams, Bai-ney; Wil- 
 liams, Howell L.; Williams, W. S. ; Wilmath, A. F.; Wilmexhug. 
 George G. ; Wilmerding ; Theodore T. ; Wilmerding, Thomas A. ; 
 Wilson, George W.; Winchester, L. W. ; Wiudle, James B. ; Win- 
 throp, Buchanan; Winthrop, Egerton L. ; Wolfe, J. Burke; Wood, 
 Alexander G.; Wood, Benjamin; Wood, Charles B. ; Wood, J. E,. 
 Wood, W. Stannard; Woodruft', Benjamin L. ; Woodward, W., Jr. 
 Woodward, W. S. ; Wooley, Chaales W. ; Woolsey, Edward S. , Jr. 
 Woolsey, Theodore B.; Work, Frank; Worral, Lawrence; Wright, 
 Edward H. 
 
 Zimmerman, John E. 
 
 A new and substantial up-to^-n club-house has jusb 
 
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A MEMICAX J CKE T CLUB. 201 
 
 boen completed and entered. Situated ou Madison Ave- 
 nue, in the very heart of the most aristocratic precinct 
 of the city, it is somewhat less elegant than that of the 
 Union League Club (erected by Mr. Jerome), but speaks 
 well for the prosperity and permanency of an organiza- 
 tion so young. The club employs forty waiters and ser- 
 vants at the club-house, exclusive of superintendent and 
 clerk, and as many jockeys during- the racing season, 
 who are, however, regarded as regularly in the pay of the 
 association. Hostlers and stablemen are emploj^ed by 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
VIII. 
 AMERICUS CLUB. 
 
 INDIAJ^ H.4RB0R, CONN. 
 
 The Americus Club was started as early as July, ISdQ, 
 being in point of age fourth among the existing clubs of 
 the city, and only three years j'ounger than the Century. 
 It was at first intended as a purely social organization — 
 a sort of club for gentlemen of leisure with sporting pro- 
 clivities. But, in those days, gentlemen of elegant leisure 
 were not plentiful, and the club, consequently, did not 
 get on very thrivingly: indeed, not until William M. 
 Tweed, president at present, became its master, did 
 people begin to hear it quoted. By organization, it ap- 
 proximates to the old English form of the club. 
 
 In its original intent it was a summer club, and was to 
 have a club-house convenient to the city, with a fleet of 
 pleasure craft. This intent has been carried out in all 
 substantial respects. The club owns a number of sailing 
 vessels and several steamers, which latter are employed 
 in summer in conveying passengers between New York 
 and the camping ground — said passengers consisting ex- 
 clusively of members and invited guests. In fact, a new 
 steamer, the Americus, was added in 1870, and several 
 new sailing vessels. They are, however, the property of 
 the club as a body, not of individual members. 
 
 The peculiar feature of the association is the annual 
 campaign in camp, dates of the opening and closing of 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
AMXBICUS CLUB. 203 
 
 which are deterniined at the regular June meeting, when 
 all indebtedness must be paid under penalty of loss of 
 membership, exce23t in cases of sickness or death in the 
 faruily of a member, who is then excused for the time, 
 but must settle with the president or secretary jDrevious 
 to opening day. The regular meetings of the club are 
 quarterly instead of monthly. The annual meeting for 
 election of officers is held on the second Thursday in 
 September, at eight o'cloct, P. M. 
 
 The interesting period of the club is the annual camp, 
 which begins about the first of July and generally con- 
 tinues until September. A ball or two in the winter, 
 and a steady frequenting of the Blossom Club-rooms, 
 compensate the members for the lack of a city club- 
 house. 
 
 The rules of the encampment form a special part of 
 the organization, and constitute a body of laws worth 
 condensation : 
 
 1. Meals are served at regular and stated hours — 
 breakfast at seven o'clock, A. M. ; dinner at twelve o'clock, 
 M. ; tea at six o'clock, P. M. 
 
 2. Bathing is not permitted within one hundred yards 
 of the club-house between sunrise and dark. 
 
 3. On anj' question, whether of business or of pleasure, 
 the majority rules, except whe:i the decision thereof 
 transgresses some fixed rule or by-law of the club. 
 
 4. Any member abusing or destroying the property of 
 the club is held personally responsible, and it is the duty 
 of officers to note violations of the rule, and report at the 
 regular meeting. 
 
 5. Members visiting the grounds must wear the uni- 
 form of the club during the whole term of their sojourn 
 there. 
 
 6. Members are strictly "irohibited from lending any 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
2 34 CL UBS OF N.E W YORK. 
 
 jDOrtion of their uniforms to any but members, and any 
 member -violating the rule must pay a penalty of five 
 dollars. 
 
 7. Guests are not permitted, under any circumstances, 
 to wear the uniform of the club. 
 
 8. Every member is entitled to five cards of invi- 
 tation, which contain the signature of the president, and 
 the name of the person receiving. These the member is 
 at liberty to present to his fiiends, endorsing them with 
 his name, and guests must present them upon arrival at 
 the club-house to the officer whose business it is to look 
 after the matter. 
 
 9. Members cannot invite any person to stay more than 
 two nights, if any member of the club objects. 
 
 10. Members or guests must not make any unnecessary 
 noise, or cause annoyance to members sleeping in the 
 house between the hours of midnight and five o'clock in 
 the morning. 
 
 Violations of these rules must be reported to the 
 supervisory board, and by that body reported at the 
 regular meeting next succeeding the caonths of camp; 
 and the president or supervisory board, as may be most 
 convenient, is empowered to make special rules at need, 
 intended for the preservation of houses, grounds, or 
 property of the club. Rules thus made must be obeyed 
 as by-laws, but are subject to revision at any special 
 meeting of the members, to be called on three days' 
 notice, and for the specific purpose of revision or emen- 
 dation. 
 
 The camp uniform consists of blue cloth navy pan- 
 taloons with gold cord down the seams; blue sack coat of 
 the navy cut; white cloth vest cut low, and navy cap. 
 The purveyors of the club, and custodians of jDroperties 
 and uniforms, when not in use, are Drumgold & King, 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
AMERrCUa CLUB. 205 
 
 clothiers, 746 Broadway. Uniforms of lishers, wait- 
 ers, servants, are also manufactured by the same firm, 
 and kept in store subject to call of the club. 
 
 The erection of the now building at Indian Harbor 
 for the summer use of the 'Mericuses, in the winter of 
 1870 and spring of 1871, brings up the subject of club 
 buildings iu New York, where, principally because clubs 
 have leased instead of building, no great progress has 
 been made. The building of the Union is grand, mas- 
 sive, and im230sing as one of Blair's periods, but not ex- 
 actly cosy, agreeable, or even convenient. The ceilings 
 are of dizzy height, and the massiveness of the general 
 air admits of very little ornamentation — too little, in 
 fact, to secure that home-like atmosphere which renders 
 the club comfortable. The Union League building, light, 
 graceful, and easy, is very superior in this respect. Its 
 rooms have lower ceilings, and the general style admits 
 of those cosy corners, nooke, and crannies, which are so 
 fascinating to lovers of tete-a-tete and gossip. So, those 
 of the Century, though the building was not erected for 
 club-house purposes; but, for the most, they are simply 
 Fifth Avenue mansions converted into club-houses, with 
 no extei'ior, and very little interior metamorphosis. 
 
 The finest club-house in the world is probably that of 
 the Travelers' Club, London. It is a noble Italian edi- 
 fice, of the Koman palace manner, in contradistinction 
 from Palladianism and its orders. Professionally, I be- 
 lieve they call it the Af^tylar; more intelligibly, the Italian 
 palazzo mode. The building of the United Service Club 
 has a Roman-Doric portico of great purity. 
 
 Grander, more massive, of greater severity than that 
 of the Travelers', is the building of the Athenseum, which 
 is Grecian, with a frieze copied from the Pauathenaic 
 procession in the frieze of the Parthenon. Over the 
 
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206 
 
 Cl.UIiS Oh- .\i'tl- YOHK. 
 
 'Roman-Doric portico stands a colossal Minerva by Bailev. 
 The interior is remarkable for grandeur and massive 
 severity, but not for cosiness or comfort, and, though 
 unlike that of the Union in details, is vaguely like it in 
 effect. 
 
 In the Tvay of summer accommodations, the new house 
 at Indian Harbor is by far the finest in this country. It 
 is a wooden building, of L shape, and occupies the south- 
 western portion of the club's propert}'. On Indian Har- 
 bor it has a front of one hundred and thirty-two feet, 
 and a like extent of front on the Sound. That portion 
 of the structure facing the Sound rests on an old wall of 
 solid masonry. The style of the building is Gothic — the 
 first story being thirteen feet high, the second twelve, 
 and the third twelve : the latter, according to the pre- 
 vailing type in vogue — the more's the pity — bein\>' consti- 
 tuted by that squattj' cap of a roof known as the Man- 
 sard. The first floor contains the g'rand parlor, seventy- 
 two feet ]iine by thirty feet ten, a rarely splendid salon, 
 elegantly frescoed and elegantly furnished. The grand 
 reception room, otherwise the Tweed room, is also on 
 the first floor, and is, it is needless to say, gorgeously 
 appointed. The twelve remaining rooms on the first 
 floor — all twelve feet by twelve feet six — are used 
 mainly by the officers of the club; and on the same floor, 
 at the southeast corner, is the barber's shop), thirty-two 
 feet by eleven feet eleven, with bath-rooms, and every 
 possible convenience for the renovation of the outer man. 
 A piazza encircles the whole floor, and affords shelter 
 in bad weather — also a promenade, seven times around 
 which is equivalent to a mile. 
 
 The second and third floors are fitted up alike, and 
 contain bedrooms for menibcrs and guests. The num- 
 ber of bedrooms to the floor is thirty, making in all 
 
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AMJCmCUS CLUB. 207 
 
 pixt}', averaging twelve feet square; and, of course, the 
 bedding and furniture is of the best money can buy. 
 The leaders and wealthier members have, in face, had 
 their rooms fitted up at their own expense. 
 
 Externally, the effect (in Gothic) is assisted by a couple 
 of towers — one at the northwesterly, the other at the 
 southwesterly angle of the building — which have an ele- 
 vation of sixteen feet above the roof-top of the main 
 structure. The central tower perfects the Gothic effect. 
 This, designated as the grand tower, occupies the centre 
 of the building, in the angle formed by Indian Harbor 
 and the Sound, rising to the height of fifty feet above 
 the roof, and one hundred above the sea-wall. 
 
 In this tower above the third floor are fitted up rooms 
 for the use of guests of distinction — for it may be sup- 
 posed that an organization so powerful and opulent has 
 had plenty of guests falling, under that head; and thus 
 committing to the tower gets a new meaning, quite dis- 
 tinct from what it had in old days, when it meant treason. 
 From this floor of the tower, by winding stairway, easy 
 of ascent, access is had to the observatory, one hundred 
 feet above the base of the building. The view is vast 
 — magnificent. On the north, Connecticut for leagues; 
 on the south. Long Island, and the long, ribbon-like 
 Sound; away to the southAvest, with that softening that 
 the magic of distance lends, the busy, bustling, noisy 
 iQetropolis — seen but not heard, visible but silent, as a 
 mere city of mirage might be. 
 
 Some few points still remain to be noted. The grand 
 entrance is a sort of poem in its way, though not exactly 
 in that which, straining a njetaphor, one might term 
 Gothic. Beautiful it is, nevertheless. It occupies the 
 northwestern angle of the building, is thirty-two feet by 
 twenty-four, and looks out upon elegant walks. The 
 
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208 
 
 CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 grand staircases, too, are models of elegance, in carved 
 walnut: .the cost of the edifice having footed up to about 
 three hundred thousand dollars, irrespective of all 
 upholstery. 
 
 The erection of so elegant a building gives occasion 
 for some remarks as to club buildings in this country. 
 The Academy of Design, and the splendid edifice 
 facing it, can scarcely be regarded as club buildings, 
 a club differing from an association, m.ore especially 
 in having a sort of home-life, in being a communal 
 experiment. Primarily, it should have uo purpose 
 except a social purpose, and primarily it had none 
 except that. Associations banded for moral, aesthetic, 
 or artistic purposes, are not clubs, except they make 
 a home-life for members, and give it prominence 
 over all other considerations. For this reason, musical 
 societies and the hke are not clubs, since, primarily, clubs 
 were bodies of small membership, first developed out 
 of the private dinners of the Greeks: which were private 
 dinners at public tables: at which, the tables being set for 
 fifteen, vacancies were filled by ballot. Cicero was a 
 club-man, and frequented the confraternities. The early 
 English and American clubs were limited in membership 
 to twenty-five often, more often to fifty, but seldom it 
 was that the roll of names was not fixed at less than 
 one hundred. The example of membership practically 
 unlimited was set by the Athenaeum, London, in 1824, 
 when the gates were opened, twelve hundred members 
 flowed in, and all privacy and exclusiveness were lost. 
 The example was copied by American clubs (but not by 
 the Hone and Kent); and, hence, in the two great cities 
 of New York and London have been developed vast 
 bodies in the club form: not social and en fmnille, as the 
 old clubs were, but rather gregarious, with a tendency to 
 
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AMJJBICUS CLUB. 209 
 
 break into cliques. These inhabit huge palaces of 
 brown-stone or marble; but they are not clubs in the 
 ancient sense. Pulaces — palatial indeeJ — are the struc- 
 tures they erect, but not club-houses. 
 
 The interests of the club suffered in the fall of 1871 
 from the same causes that disturbed the symposia of the 
 Blossoms, and the building was, in the spring of 1872, 
 reported to be in the hands of the sheriff; but recent 
 events have extricated the organization from pecuniary 
 difficulty, and it resumes under the old auspices, though 
 not likely to be so lavish in expenditures, having had its 
 lesson, in the necessity of making a debtor's and abscond- 
 er's castle of the elegant Indian Harbor structure. 
 
 This, however, is gossiping by the vvay, and not par- 
 ticularly descriptive of the organization. The club is 
 managed upon a somewhat less extravagant plan than 
 previous to the downfall of the late Tammany magnates, 
 in that halcyon year of 1871, when ]\Ir. Tweed was at 
 once president and treasurer, and the club-house at 
 Indian Harbor was a sort of Hotel de Tweed; for, whereas 
 in the summer of 1871 the cost of entertaining the 
 numerous guests of the members was no less than forty 
 thousand dollars, the bar being free, last summer mem- 
 bers introducing guests were assessed at the rate of 
 three dollars a day for board, wines and cigars extra and 
 paid for on delivery. The consequence was that guests 
 were fewer in number and a trifle more select, and that, 
 while in the summer of '71 the average number who sat 
 down at the table was one hundred and fifty per day, 
 partaking, gratis, of the hospitalities of the club, in 
 '72 they were so sporadic — these elegant loungers — 
 that the summer was reaUy less joUy than usual (though 
 the house was made to pay expenses), and the convivial 
 loueed for the close of the season. 
 
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2IO CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 To discuss the 'Mericuses is to discuss William M. 
 Tweed socially and politically. He made the organ- 
 ization what it was in the days of its prosperity, when 
 Governors, Mayors, Legislators for the whole State of 
 ISIew York were elected at Indian Harbor. When he 
 fell it fell. 
 
 A man one-thii-d fox, one-third lion, and one-third 
 elephant, was this William M. Tweed: a sun about which 
 revolved a whole solar system of smaller political villains, 
 equally ready to commit a murder or a perjury at his 
 beck, and depending upon him for light, warmth, and 
 political vitality. Something colossal there was about 
 the man; something vast and intricate there was aboat 
 the schemes he pondered — something imposing and 
 Napoleonic in the manner in which those schemes were 
 aocom|)]ished; yet his success was of a kind, accomplished 
 by means, that could only have occurred in a country 
 where politics had become a gambler's game, not a 
 gentleman's jsrofession; for his method resolved itself 
 into one simple principle, to wit, universal corruption. 
 It was a method of dollars and cents — a commercial 
 method — neither better nor worse than that which rules 
 "Wall Street or Broadway: only Mr. Tweed, like James 
 Fisk, Jr., was somewhat extraordinarily audacious in the 
 application of it. Most of the colossi of the world are 
 (and have been) scoundrels. Indeed, to be great poH- 
 tically, it is inherently necessary to be a great scoundrel. 
 When Lanfrey has lifted the veil that hid the real 
 Napoleon, what see the gaping crowd ? A colossal 
 scoundrel: a man who was not even a gentleman: a liar 
 in word and act, whose whole life was a spectacular 
 drama, of which, tinsel-tricked and star-bespangled, he 
 was the central figure. When Proude has puffed away 
 the illusion enveloping about Queen, Elizabeth, what 
 
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A JIEKIV CS CL UB. 2 1 1 
 
 remains ? A coarse, vulgar, jealous, intriguing female 
 scoundrel: a coward who murders a rival with a pretext, 
 having hinted the propiiety of her assassination to every 
 villain about the court. Stripped of the sp)lendid mys- 
 tifying verbiage of Carlyle, what is Frederick the Great ? 
 The coarsest, vulgarest, weakest, burliest, most colossally 
 egotistic scoundrel of them all: the prototype of Mr. 
 Tweed, who is herewith recommended to the uext suc- 
 cess-worshiping Carlyle as the subject of an historical 
 epic. It is one of the merits of human wickedness that 
 it can be colossal, sensational; of human goodness, that 
 it cannot. So Lucifer is a deal the grandest and most 
 fascinating figure in " Pai-adise Lost," as Tweed has 
 been in New York politics; overtop23ing the goody Hoff- 
 man, the jocose Hall, the frightened Connolly; playing 
 with his puppets as Napoleon did, and shifting the stage- 
 scenery of politics to suit his own purposes. 
 
 You see the man thus at a distance; the elephant and 
 the lion preponderating. Scan, him more closely, and 
 the fox comes out. The craft and low cunning of his 
 broad, heavy physiognomy begin to impress you. " Yes," 
 you mutter to yourself, " a Frederick the Great in loxi- 
 ness and cunning — Carlyle's hero and man of success 
 over again ! Poor, demented Carlyle, who can find no 
 heroism except in success villainously huge, hugely 
 villainous ! " 
 
 Unjust this may be to Frederick the Great, mayhap 
 unjust to Mr. Tweed; but when, O Carlyle of the future, 
 thou wouldst a hero worthy of thy steel, seek one who, 
 ambitious as Frederick, did let success slip from his hook 
 rather than bait it with meanness and hypocrisy, and 
 thy heroes wiU be neither Fredericks, nor Napoleons, 
 nor Tweeds, nor Fisks. The trouble is that these men 
 have made history: costumed themselves in togas, and 
 
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212 CLUBS OF XEW YORK. 
 
 insisted they wei-e Romans; and the men who have 
 written, have not had the courage to strip them of the 
 costuming, and photograph them as they appeared in 
 the green-room. Small the difference between a Nero 
 and a Napoleon, a Frederick the Great and a Tweed, 
 excejDt in the costuming ! But dismiss the disagreeable 
 topic. 
 
 The membership of the Americus is limited to one 
 hundred; it is the only club of note the membership of 
 which is practically limited, for a thousand is really no 
 limitation at all. Hence, the admission fee and dues 
 are fixed at a scale by no means economical — the former 
 being two hundred and fifty dollars, the latter one hun- 
 dred a year, payable quarterly in advance. No candidate 
 can be elected except upon the unanimous voice of the 
 members, a single black ball excluding, which is, prima- 
 rily, a principle of club organization. About the prelim- 
 inaries there is one point that is original. Any person 
 wishing to join must deposit one hundred dollars with 
 the president, which, in case of rejection, is returned; 
 but, if elected, is credited to his initiation fee. On elec- 
 tion, the candidate pays the rest of the fee, with the ad- 
 dition of dues from the date of the last annual meeting; 
 that is, all jDersons becoming members are required to 
 pay all dues and assessments pei' capita from the date of 
 the previous September meeting. Any mem.ber resign- 
 ing, forfeits all interest in the prof)erty of the club, but 
 is eligible as an honorary member. 
 
 The club has no special peculiarities of organization. 
 The officers consist of a president, vice-president, secre- 
 tary, assistant secretary, treasurer, captain, and five 
 trustees, the president and treasurer constituting, ex 
 officio, two of the five. These are elected at the annual 
 meeting in September. The president appoints all com- 
 
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.-1 MKHTCUS CLUB. - i .": 
 
 mittees, is invested with the duty of keeping the larJcr 
 snpphed, and has sole authority and supervision over the 
 department of restauration. Duties of secretary and 
 treasurer need not be specified. The captain is invested 
 with authority over all boats, steamers, and sea-going 
 properties of the club, and employs what help may be 
 necessary for his purposes. The board of trustees have 
 the custody of the properties of the club, and perform as 
 well the function of an auditing committee. The recep- 
 tion of guests devolves on the president and vice-presi- 
 dent. 
 
 In connection with the fleet and club-house, the asso- 
 ciation emiDloys one hundred and fifty persons or more, 
 and has an income of ten thousand a year from dues. 
 In general, however, the members are opulent, and put 
 their hands in their pockets freely for the benefit of the 
 club. 
 
 The ofiicers are: President, William M. Tweed, late of 
 the Department of Public Works, No. 237 Broadway; 
 Vice-President, Henry Smith, No. 1 Broadway; Secre- 
 tary, C. H. Hall, No. 135 Madison street; Assistant 
 Secretary, John Scott, No. .54 Bldridge street; Treasurer, 
 William B. Dunley, No. 21 St. Mark's place; Captain, 
 George E. Mann, No. 197 Monroe street. Board of 
 Trustees, James M. McGregor, William H. Sehaffer, 
 Wilham M. Tweed, William B. Dunley, Edward Mar- 
 renner. Board of Control, John Yanderbeck, Owen W. 
 Brennan, Edward Kearney, Henry Smith, and William 
 M. Tweed. 
 
 LIST OF MEMBERS. 
 
 Scott, John; Miller, James L. ; Ely, William L. ; Van Arsdaie, 
 P, B. ; Dunley, William B.; Macgregor, James M. ; Sehaffer, Wil- 
 liam H.; Marrenuer, Edward; Vanderbeck, Francis; Davison, Wil- 
 
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2T I CZUJIS OF A'EW YOBK. 
 
 li,uii; Kirk, Lewis J.; MoGarigal, John; Davin, Ed. A.; Clancy, 
 La'm-ence; Kinney, Francis; Southwortb, Joseph; Betts, John S. ; 
 Shandley, Edward J. ; Butt, George W. ; Schaffer, Christian W. ; 
 Eoche, Walter; Braisted, Peter D. ; Bassford, Edward D. ; Garvey, 
 Andrew J. ; O'Brien, William K. ; Eosevelt, George W. ; Keenan, 
 Patrick H. ; Shannon, Joseph; Farley, Terence; Shook, Sheridan; 
 Charlock, William PI. ; Barnard, John T. ; Watson, James; Huelat, 
 Henry H.; Boyle, Edward; Stymus, William P. ; Cornell, Charles G. ; 
 Brennan, Owen W. ; Pickibrd, John, Jr.; Durnin, Eugene; Yard, 
 Wesley S. ; Ford, John J,; Hagerty, Edwin M. ; Hogan, Edward; 
 Jones, Morgan; GrafuUa, Claudius S. ; King, John T. ; Kearney, 
 Edward; Young, Joseph B. ; Corson, Cornelius; Canary, Thomas; 
 Taylor, Robert M. ; Jackson, Joseph A. ; Barber, Anaaziiih T). ; Jones, 
 Edward: Fleming, Charles L. ; Sharp, Jacob; Satterlee, John; 
 O'Brien, Jam's; Bleakley, Andrew; Donohoe, Thomas; Brown, 
 Martin E.; Cuddy, Edward; McGowau, JohuT. ; Tripler, Thomas E. ; 
 Davidson, John McB.; IngersoU, James H. ; Rogers, William C. ; 
 Woodward, E. A. : Sayles, Sol. ; Miller, George S. ; Keyser, JohnH. ; 
 Dewey, William C. ; Berrian, Daniel; Eyan, James; Oliver, Isaac J. ; 
 Pentland, John; Miller, David; Lawrence, Charles L. ; Shandley, 
 Michael, Jr. ; Felter, Henry D. ; Chamberlain, John F. ; Boyle, 
 James W. ; O'Conner, Chris.; Van Elten, Kuseman; Vinanta, 
 Daniel; Prear, Alexander; Fisk, James, Jr. (deceased); Gould, Jay; 
 Kirkpatriok, Thomas; Harrison, Joseph G. ; Selmes, Reeves E.; 
 Loew, Charle.s E. ; Fields, Thomas C, ; Mitchell, George H, ; Pyne, 
 John; Gambleton, James J; Ferris, Thomas H. ; O'Donoghoe, T. J.; 
 Jones, James E. ; Garvey, John; Harway, James L.; Phillips, T. Au- 
 gustus; Carnochan. John M. ; Brennan, Matthew T.; B::rkei-, James; 
 Borrows, William B. ; Barnum, Henry A. ; Halsoy, Schuyler; 
 Watson, James S. ; Sturtevant, Newell ; Collier, James W . ; Helm- 
 bold, Henry T. ; Osgood, George A. ; Brice, John ; McCabe, Francis ; 
 Harnett, John H. ; Coulter, James E.; Bedford, Gunning S., Jr.; 
 Barnard, George G. ; Bleakley, Andrew, Jr.; Funk, Augustus; 
 Trainer, Peter; Schirmer, William; Georgi, Adolph E.; Koch, 
 Joseph; Van Tassell, William. 
 
 Receptions are always given during the summer 
 season, with, special receptions to the lady friends of the 
 club. 
 
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IX. 
 LOTOS CLUB. 
 
 NO. 2 IRVING PLACE. 
 
 " In the afternoon they came unto a land 
 In which it seemed always afternoon." 
 
 On the afternoon of Tuesday, March 8, 1870, six young 
 New York journalists met together in the office of the 
 New York Leader, to take the initiatory steps necessary 
 for the formation of a club. They were De Witt Van 
 Buren, of the Leader ; Andrew C. Wheeler, of the Daily 
 World ; George W. Hows, of the Evening Express ; 
 Frederick A. Schwab, of the Daily Times; W. L. Alden, 
 of the Citizen ; and J. H. Elliot, of the Home Journal. 
 These gentlemen, besides filling various other positions 
 on the journals with which they were connected, were 
 all musical, dramatic, and art critics, tolerably well 
 knovm in literary and art circles, and fairly representa- 
 tive of the younger portion of metropolitan journalism. 
 The idea of forming a club had been discussed by them 
 in a desultory manner for many months, and had finally 
 seemed to assume a tangible shape. A strictly journal- 
 istic or literary organization of the kind was known to 
 be impossible, successive failures of such attempts having 
 proved that beyond a peradventure. Following somewhat 
 the example of the Savage, Garrick, and Junior Garrick 
 Clubs, of London, it was decided then to found the new 
 club on the broadest possible basis consistent with its 
 central and distinctive idea — in a word, to make it an art 
 
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2 !0 CLCBS OF ^\7iir VOI^K. 
 
 club, using the term art in its truest and most compre- 
 hensive sense. The central idea was to bring into the 
 most agreeable social contact journalists, literary men, 
 painters, sculptors, musicians, actors, and members 
 of the learned professions, gentlemen of leisure, and 
 business men, in active sympathy with the assthetic as 
 ^yell as the practical side of hfe. The first meeting of 
 what was to become the Lotos Club, resulted simply in 
 a firm determination to maintain this idea scrupulously 
 in the organization proposed. Exactly one week later, 
 March 15, that organization was effected, the half-dozen 
 gentlemen mentioned having enlisted the cooperation of 
 Albert Weber, the famous piano manufacturer; Thomas 
 A. Kennett, formerly proprietor of the Buffalo Express, 
 now of the Broad Street firm of Noyes & Kennett; 
 Harold Bateman, Escp, son of the well-known manager, 
 and brother of Kate Bateman, the tragedienne; and 
 Montgomery Schuyler, of the World. The following 
 officers were elected for the first year: — President, De 
 Witt Van Buren; Vice-President, Frederick A. Schwab; 
 Secretar3', George W. Hows; Treasurer, Albert Weber; 
 Directory, De Witt Van Buren, George W. Hows, A. C. 
 Wheeler, T. A. Kennett, J. H. Elliot. On the following 
 Saturday, March 19, the name and constitution of the 
 club were adopted. Among the many titles proposed, 
 the compounded Melolotos seemed to find the most 
 favor, but, as it was especially suggestive of music. Lotos 
 alone was finally adopted as typical of a resort where 
 might be always found the social intercourse and pleasant 
 surroundings which tend to promote repose rather than 
 action, and induce quiet and rest for the overworked 
 brain and nervous system, in an atmo.sphere both 
 soothing to the sense beautiful and aromatic, with agree- 
 able regalia flavors. The Constitution set forth the 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. 217 
 
 distiactive object of the club ia Article L, Section 2, as 
 follows: 
 
 " Its inimary object shall be to promote social intercourse among 
 journalist's, literary men, artists, and members of the theatrical 
 profession. " 
 
 To tbis section was subsequently added a clause re- 
 quiring that at least two-thirds of the members should 
 belong, either directly or indirectly, to the professions 
 named, and still later the limit was fixed at one-half 
 instead of two-thirds. The initation fee was fixed at 
 twenty dollars for regular, and one hundred for honorary 
 members, and the dues for the former at five dollars per 
 month, payable in advance. The Constitution provided 
 that the Directory should be the virtual governing and 
 controlling power of the club, hold weekly meetings, 
 appoint necessary committees, and pass first upon the 
 candidates for membership. Regular club meetings, for 
 the transaction of business, were appointed for the last 
 Thursday in each month, and the annual meeting for the 
 third Saturday in March. Nine affirmative ballots in 
 every ten were required to elect candidates, after their 
 names, residence, and occupation had been posted on the 
 bulletin at least six days previous to being acted upon. 
 Honorary members were elected on the same conditions, 
 and entitled to all privileges except that of voting. 
 
 The experiment was now fairly inaugurated — the 
 foundation laid whereon to build a structure, which, 
 unique in its social features, should be an honor alike 
 to its originators, promoters, and the metropolis of 
 America. Pending the selection of a local habitation for 
 the club, meetings were held in the parlors of the Belvi- 
 dere House, then located on the corner of Fourth avenue 
 and Fourteenth street, and the membership increased in 
 
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2l8 
 
 CLUB a OF ^'l■J^v york. 
 
 a short time to between thirty and forty. Meanwhile, 
 the committee appoiiited for the jDurpose, selected the 
 house at No. 2 Irving Place, adjoining the Academy of 
 Music, as the most suitable, desirable, and available for 
 the club, and after no little expressed misgiving on part 
 of a few faint-hearted members, the Directory was em- 
 powered to secure it for one year, at a rental not exceed- 
 ing three thousand dollars. Following these instructions, 
 they secured it for one year at a rental of two thousand 
 eight hundred dollars,with the privilege of retaining it two 
 years longer at an annual rental of three thousand dol- 
 lars. Formal possession of the premises was taken on the 
 fifteenth of April, and on the twentieth the ground floor 
 was furnished and the first meeting held. On the twenty- 
 ninth the club was incorporated under the general act, and 
 from this time the name and fame of the Lotos spread 
 rapidly, and long lists of candidates for membership were 
 voted upon at every meeting. The names proposed were 
 thoroughly canvassed, and great pains were taken to 
 admit no one who could not subscribe heartily to the 
 objects of the organization as set forth in the Constitu- 
 tion. By this means, there was gradually gathered a 
 remarkably fine body of gentlemen, posssessing in the 
 aggregate far more than the average amount of good- 
 breeding, talent, and inilueuce. Such acquisitions natur- 
 ally fastened upon the club the distinctive reputation 
 which its projectors had most desired, and at a compar- 
 atively - early day in its history, it could no longer be 
 fairly called an experiment. 
 
 On the fifth of October, a little less than seven months 
 after the foundation of the Lotos, its first p,resident, De 
 Witt Van Buren, died, after a comparatively brief illness, 
 although he had been in delicate health for many weeks, 
 strugghng bravely the while to conceal his failing 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. 2 19 
 
 strength, and attend as usual his manifold duties. The 
 bereavement was a sore one to the young club, for its 
 members had all learned to respect, esteem, and admire 
 their president, and to regard him as preeminently fitted 
 for the prominent position he held among them. De Witt 
 Van Buren was, indeed, a rare gentleman, a warm lover, 
 and a true friend. A poet by nature, a student and a 
 scholar, there was in his manly presence and whole de- 
 meanor something that seemed to lift him a little above 
 his fellows, and inspire a sort of reverence among- those 
 who knew him well. His interest in the club had been 
 from the first very deep. He labored earnestly for its 
 best welfare, and to the last its success was one of his 
 foremost desires. Resolutions expressive of the universal 
 esteem in which he was held, were passed at a special 
 meeting, and forwarded to his family, and a delegation 
 of the members attended his funeral at Schenectady, his 
 native place. Thus early in its career was the Lotos 
 draped in mourning for one who had hardly crossed the 
 threshold of eai'ly manhood, and before whom, at the 
 time of its inception, a brilliant future had seemed to 
 open. 
 
 On the twenty-sixth of October a very large represen- 
 tation of the members of the club met to elect a president 
 to fill the unexpired term of Mr. Van Buren. The two 
 candidates presented w*re Hon. A. Oakey Hall, Mayor 
 of New York, and Colonel Thomas W. Knox, the well- 
 known traveler, author, and correspondent. The ballot 
 resulted in the election of Mr. Hall, who formally ac- 
 cepted the position thus proffered at an inaugural dinner 
 given to the club not long afterv/ards. It was then clearly 
 understood that he assumed his office entirely in his 
 social capacity, as a journalist, litterateur, dramatist, and 
 patron of art generally. In his happy and well-timed 
 
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2-0 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 address, he took pains to declare political honors of 
 small importance compared with the social honor thus 
 conferred upon him, and predicted that the Lotos -would 
 eventually become the foremost club in America. As if 
 to fulfill the prediction at once, the club took a new lease 
 of life and prosperity. At the suggestion of Mr. Hall, 
 Saturday' evening of each week was set apart for a general 
 reunion of members, and the " Lotos Saturday Nights " 
 soon became famous, and were continued throughout the 
 season, with constantly increasing attractions. In the 
 early evening a repast was served, and subsequently there 
 were new works of art to be seen, and music and recita- 
 tions to be heard in the parlors. With artists like 
 Beard, Reinhart, Burling, Lumley, Chapin, Rosenberg, 
 Bispham, and Pickett; pianists like Wehli, Mills, Hop- 
 kins, Colby, and Bassford; singers like Randolfi, Lau- 
 rence, Thomas, Macdonald, Perring, Seguin, Matthison, 
 and Davis; and actors like Edwin Booth, John Brougham, 
 Edwin Adams, Lawrence Barrett, Mark Smith, Walter 
 Montgomery, D. H. HarkinS; and George Clark, all mem- 
 bers of the clab, to contribute to the success of these 
 weekly festivals, it is certainly no wonder that they 
 became so widely known that invitations thereto were 
 eagerly sought. Noted guests like the veteran actor 
 and manager, William Creswick; the veteran comedian, 
 Charles Mathews; Bristow, the ft)mposer; Villanova, the 
 pianist; Simpson, the tenor; Eben, with his silver-voiced 
 flute; and Levy, with his magic cornet, were present on 
 various occasions, and added measurably to the delights 
 of the reunions. Sj)eaking of Levy's cornet recalls an 
 informal but very jovial " Saturday Night," which was 
 celebrated long before the institution proper was inau- 
 gurated. At the close of the Beethoven Festival, held 
 at the Empire Skating Rink in June, Gilmore's Band, 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. 22 1 
 
 headed by P. S. Gilmore himself, serenaded the Lotos, 
 and was invited to partake of its hospitalities. The 
 night was one of lively enjoyment, and will always be 
 remembered as the occasion of the first public compli- 
 ment to the club. How jubilantly the projector of the 
 great Boston Peace Jubilee of '69 entered into the spirit 
 of the unique little entertainment, and how the notes 
 of Arbuckle's cornet rang again and again through the 
 length and breadth of the club-house, will sometimes be 
 told as among the more memorable of early Lotos events. 
 The Saturday Nights will be continued from season to 
 season, with very many additional sources of pleasure 
 and entertainment, and it is not unlikely that some of 
 them may be arranged as receptions for the lady friends 
 of the club and its members. Should such be the case, 
 they will speedily become prominent among the social 
 and artistic gatherings of the metropolitan season. 
 
 On the first of December the initation fee was in- 
 creased to fifty dollars for active, and two hundred and 
 fifty dollars for honorary members. On the first of 
 January following the annual dues were fixed at forty 
 dollars, payable quarterly in advance. The first annual 
 meeting and election of the Lotos took place on Satur- 
 day evening, March 18, of the year 1871. At the last 
 previous regular meeting of the club, the Constitution 
 had been amended and altered in several important 
 particulars. As thus amended, Section 2 of Article I., 
 which has been previously quoted, reads as follows: 
 
 "Its primary object shall be to promote social intercourse among 
 journalists, literary meu, artists, and members of the musical and 
 . dramatic professions; and at least one-half of the members and two- 
 thirds of the ofncers of the club shall be connected with said pro- 
 fe.ssious." 
 
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22 2 CLUBS OF A' JEW YORK. 
 
 An additional office, that of Corresponding Secretary, 
 was created, and the government of the ckib was directly 
 vested in the Directory, increased to twelve, including 
 the president and vice-president as members ex officio. 
 These officers and ten directors were to be elected by the 
 club, and the remaining officers and ail committees by 
 the Directory, from its own number. Regular meetings 
 of the club were abolished, and regular Directory meet- 
 ings fixed for the last Thursday of each month. Names 
 of candidates fpr membership were required to pass from 
 the election committee to the Directory, where two black 
 balls rejected them. The necessity and desirability of 
 these emendations had gradually become so apx^arent 
 that they were adopted unanimously. At the annual 
 meeting, the secretary read a very interesting report of 
 the first year's existence of the club, and the treasurer's 
 report showed a handsome balance in the treasury, with 
 no indebtedness, save two issues of bonds to members, 
 one thousand dollars and two thousand five hundred 
 dollars respectively, for the purpose of furnishing the 
 house. The election passed oft' quietly. There were 
 two tickets in the field, but their only difference was in 
 four or five nominees for the Directory, and what was 
 known as the regular ticket was elected by a large 
 majority. The polls were open from 10 A. M. to ten 
 P. jVL, and the result of the ballot was as follows: Pres- 
 ident, A. Oakey Hall; Vice-President, Thomas W. Knox; 
 Directory, A. C. "Wheeler, T. A. Kennett, George W. 
 Hows, J. H. Elliot, C. G. Rosenberg, Albert Weber, 
 J. H. Hager, Henry D. Palmer, Thomas J. Hall, T. E. 
 Baker. The Directory subsequently elected George W. . 
 Hows as Recording Secretary, J. H. Elliot as Corre- 
 sponding Secretary, and Albert Weber as Treasui-er, and 
 appointed the following committees: 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. 223 
 
 PinaDce— T. A. Kennett, H. D. Palmer, T. J. Hall. 
 Election— G. W. Hows, A. Weber, J. H. Elliot. Litera- 
 ture—A. C. "\7heeler, T. E. Baker, T. A. Kennett. Art— 
 C. G. Rosenberg, A. 0. Wheeler, G- W. Hows. House — 
 March 18 to July 1, 1871, H. D. Palmer, T. A. Ken- 
 nett, T. J. Hall; July 1 to October 1, 1871, A. Oakey 
 Hall, George W. Hows, J. H. Hager; October 1 to 
 January 1, 1872, Thomas W. Knox, A. C. Wheeler, 
 C. G. Rosenberg ; January 1 to March 18, 1872, T. E. 
 Baker, Albert Weber, J. H. Elliot. 
 
 At the beginning of its second year, then, the Lotos 
 was firmly established on the basis which had been laid 
 for it. It bad outlived all probable dangers and dis- 
 asters, and gained an importance and influence which it 
 is believed no club in this city ever before gained in so 
 short a time. Its originators looked upon it with wonder 
 and admiration, scarcely able to recognize in the vigorous 
 and thriving organization the fruition of their humble 
 endeavors. The only real danger that had ever threat- 
 ened was that its distinctive purpose might be unwit- 
 tingly undermined by carelessness or indifference, and 
 so allow it to drift into an ordinary club, without special 
 significance or any fixed purpose. This danger was hap- 
 pily passed with the rest, and nothing was left to bar the 
 progress and prosperity which have steadily attended it. 
 
 At hardly eighteen months old, the club had a mem- 
 bership of nearly two hundred, and was constantly making 
 fresh acquisitions. Tiie names of some of its prominent 
 representatives of art have been given. Among other 
 well-known members may be mentioned Hon. R. B. 
 Roosevelt, M. C, Mr. Henry G. Stebbins, Mr. Prank 
 Leslie, Douglass Taylor, Esq., Hon. Thomas E. Stewart, 
 Mr. Edwin F. De Leon, former United States Coi:sul- 
 General in Egypt; Otto Pulgraff, M. D., John Hay, the 
 
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2 34 CLUBS Oil ^'£^V YORK. 
 
 poet; Bronson C. Howard, the dramatist; Patrick S. 
 Gilmore, Mr. Charles E. Wilbour, Charles Inslee Pardee. 
 M. D., and Hon. John E. Reed, of Long Island. Nearly 
 all the leading journals of the city are represented by 
 two or more inerobers, many of whom have a reputation 
 as authors, writers, and poets outside the newspaper 
 world. Music and the drama are additionally represented 
 by such impressarii, managers, dramatists, and conduc- 
 tors as Max Maretzek, Max Sfcrakosch, Dr. James Pech, 
 J. C. Fryer, Charles Gayler, Augustiji Daly, James E. 
 Hayes, Henry Tissingtou, John A. Duff, Ered. Lyster, 
 J. H. Magonigle, Theodore Moss, Harry Palmer, F. J. 
 Pillott, C. W. Tayleure, John P. Cole, Carl Rosa, J. H. 
 Selwyn, and others. Medicine, law, the fine arts, engi- 
 neering', commerce, finance, and tz-ade generally are all 
 worthily represented. 
 
 Here doses Mr. Elliot's narrative, with some compli- 
 ments to A. Oatey Hall. And here, alas ! the old -fatality, 
 dissension, intervenes; Mephistopheles appears on the 
 scene; and it ceases to be, in the pleasant words of the 
 test — always afternoon. Out of the discontented of the 
 Lotos is evolved an Arcadian, in which, be it hoped, it ia 
 always afternoon of a dozy Arcadian day, with lulhng 
 breezes — fcr, surely, these sensitive spirits will migrate 
 again, in vain groping after the land where it is always 
 afternoon, should a single rose-leaf of the new Sybaris 
 turn awry. The merits of the case concern not the 
 writer. The Lotos sustained the shock bravely, and 
 began the new year with the following list of of- 
 ficers: President, Whitelaw Reid; Yice-President, John 
 Brougham; Recording Seeretarj', Charles H. Miller; 
 Corresponding Secretary, Charles Inslee Pardee; Treas- 
 urer, William Appleton, Jr.; Directory, Whitelaw Rcid, 
 John Brougham, Thomas W. Knox, J. B. Bouton, Wil- 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. 22 3 
 
 liam Appleton, Jr., Charles H. Miller, Charles Inslee 
 Pardee, Joliu Elderkin, J. Henry Hager, Thomas E. 
 Morris, Daniel Bixby, C. F. Chickering. 
 
 As its Saturday evening reunions constitute a feature 
 of the Lotos, the rules pertaining thereto are of popular 
 importance. 
 
 To prevent the overcrowding of the club-house, and 
 the presence of unauthorized persons during the Satur- 
 day evening reunions, a servant of the club is stationed 
 at the door every Saturday evening during the season, 
 with orders to admit none but members and guests. 
 
 Unless accompanied by the member inviting him, each 
 guest must be provided with a card of invitation, which 
 is furnished to any member on application to the stew- 
 ard, ajicl the card must bear the name of the guest and 
 the member inviting him, together with the date for 
 which the invitation is given. 
 
 No member may bring or invite more than two 
 visitors to the club-house on any one Saturday evening, 
 and the names of all visitors must be placed on the 
 register. 
 
 As members indebted to the club an amount exceed- 
 ing ten dollars for more than three months are deemed 
 expelled, the doorkeeper is furnished with a revised list 
 of members, and gentlemen whose indebtedness exceeds 
 ten dollars for a period of more than three months, are 
 considered subject to the penalty prescribed. 
 
 Gentlemen who are guests of the club require no 
 special visiting cards for Saturday evenings. 
 
 No refreshments can be served from the table, in the 
 parlors, during the regular Saturday evening reunions. 
 
 The honorary list, which is entered by paying two 
 hundred and fifty dollars, includes P. S. Gilmore, oi 
 Boston Jubilee fame, and the American JuUien; .Alex- 
 
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2 20 CLUJIS OF SEW YOUK. 
 
 ander Henderson, Thomas E. Perry, and Thomas E. 
 Stewart. The uecrological list consists of D. W. Van 
 Buren, died in 1870; Walter Montgomery, the well- 
 known actor, whose tragic death thrilled London and 
 New York in the summer of 1871; and Theodore Hagen, 
 tlie well-known music pubhsher, and projDrietor of the 
 Weekly Review, whose death occurred early in 1872. 
 
 The club is in an exceedingly prosperous financial con- 
 dition, and has given several vei-y elegant receptions in 
 honor of Bret Harte, Joaquin Miller, John Hay, Edmund 
 Tates, the English novelist; P. S. Gilmore, James An- 
 thony Froude, and other notabilities. One of its finest 
 Saturday nights was that in honor of Weber, at his 
 Fifth Avenue joiauo palace, on the evening of Saturday, 
 April 6, 1872. The gathering was in response to an in- 
 vitation issued by a committee of the following members : 
 Hon. Henry G. Stebbins, A. C. Wheeler, F. A. Schwab, 
 Albert Webei-, H. D. Palmer, George Dudley Waring, 
 George W. Hows, J. M. Bundy, Mark Smith, Thomas J. 
 Hall, Thomas E. Baker, Clarence H. Livingston. 
 
 The throng was remai'kable as a gathering of celeb- 
 rities in the world of music, literature, and art. No less 
 than fifteen prime donne of more or less renown wei-e 
 present, and so was nearly every singer and pianist of 
 note, every leading newspaper in the city being repre- 
 sented. OjDeratic managers were there, in the persons of 
 Max Strakosch, Carl Rosa, Mr. H. Jarrett, Max Maretzek, 
 De Vivo, Signer Albites, Gilmore, of jubilee fame: dra- 
 matic, in the persons of Mr. Magonigle, the popular 
 manager of Booth's Theati-e, and Lester Wallack. 
 
 Especially notable among the musical jDeople were 
 Parepa-Eosa, Clara Lo lise Kellogg, Miss Oary and Miss 
 Morensi, Madame Anna Bishop, Madame Fabbri, Madame 
 Clara M. Brinkerhoff, Mrs. Seguin and her daughter, 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. 22/ 
 
 nee Zelda Harrison; Mile. Marie Leon Duval, jiadame 
 Van Zandt, Miss Doria, Mrs. Aynsley Coolc, Miss Canissa, 
 Miss Clara Perl, Pratdein Elzer, Miss Graziella Ridgway, 
 Madame Melauia Keboux, Mrs. Picton Rowo, Santlcy, 
 the great baritone; Capoul, Jamet, Barre, Ferranti, Tom 
 Karl, Eonconi, Jacob Muller, of tlie Fabbri o^Dera troupe; 
 Random, G-. F. Hall, S. C. CampbeU, J. E. Tliomas, 
 composer; W. S. Leggatt, and McDonald, vocalists; 
 Charles Lyall, Antonio Moi-a, the organist; violinists, 
 Sarasate, Dr. Damrosch, Signer Padovani, and Mile. 
 Filomena; and the pianists. Mills, Welili, Vilanova, Pat- 
 tison, Lindsay Sloper, Gr. W. Colby, F. Korbay, Agra- 
 monte, and Cai-lo Bosoni. 
 
 The general society list embraced the names of Henry 
 Clews, Joseph W. Harper, Jr., of Harper Brothers; 
 Mr. Frank Leshe, Dr. A. K. Gardner, wife and daughter; 
 Powell, the artist; G. G. Havens, the banker; Mr. James 
 H. Benson, B. F. Reinhart, artist; S. S. Conant, of 
 Harper's Weekly; Walter Condit, Colonel Dodge, Benja- 
 min Gurney, Dr. William W. Strew, Colonel H. G. 
 Stebbins, Arthur Lumley, the artist, and many more: 
 while among the daily journalists present were Mont- 
 go'mery Schuyler, Mr. W. Jj. Alden, Joseph Howard, Jr., 
 editor of the Siar; W. Francis Williams, the musician and 
 able critic of the Post; Mr. Henry Sedley and Mr. Fred- 
 erick A. Schwab, of the Times; Mr. Myron A. Cooney, of 
 the Herald; Mr. Albert W. Orr and Melville D. Landon, 
 of the Covimercial Advertiser; Mr. Townley, art critic of 
 the Eoening Mail; George W. Hows, of the Express, and 
 Mr. L. S. Israels, representing the World. 
 
 The miisical entertainment was informal and of high 
 excellence, the performers doing their best to please so 
 critical an audience. Of the prime donne who favored 
 the company were Miss Clara Louise Kellogg, in a song 
 
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2^o CLUBS 01'' NFAV TOJ-JK. 
 
 by Claj', " She Wandered down the Mountiin Side," 
 which she rendered in finished style; Miss Jennie Van 
 Zandi", Madame Brinkerhoff, in a pleasing ballad; Miss 
 Zelda Seguin and Miss Kate Moreusi. Among the gen- 
 tlemen singing foremosL stood Santley, who was followed 
 by Randolfi and McDonald. The pianists who plaj^ed 
 included Mr. S. B. Mills and Mr. James M Wehli. Mr. 
 Lindsay Sloper, Mr. Colby, Mr. Sarasate, Mile. Filomena, 
 and Mr. Dachauer also took part — the whole going off 
 with an eclat rarely equaled. 
 
 Later receptions of considerable importance have been 
 given, one of which will be noticed hereafter: the Lotos 
 and the Union League having until lately, appeared to em- 
 body the greater part of the social vitality concentrated 
 in New York club-life. 
 
 The social mission of the club is a subject that natu- 
 rallj' occurs in the discussion of the Lotos. The recep- 
 tions given by the Union League, the Standard, the 
 Lotos, the Arcadian, have called up the question of the 
 advisability of so expanding the conception of the club 
 as to render it a society or an intellectual power. So far 
 as the Lotos and the Arcadian have taken part in this 
 impulse they seem to have done so at the expense of the 
 interests of criticism, having become partisans of the 
 artists, actors, vocalists, musicians, poets, and lec- 
 turers represented on their respective lists, to the extent 
 of their power over the press. Both have unconsciously 
 adopted positions as combinations of critical and news- 
 paper influences, assuming to make and unmake reputa- 
 tions at will; and hence, the journals controlled by 
 their members in no way rejDresent impartial criticism, 
 being conducted in the interests of a set of professionals, 
 not in the interests of the public. 
 
 But impossible as it is that a club should usurp the 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. 229 
 
 critical function, without detriment to public interests, 
 it by no means follows that the social function is not 
 susceptible of expansion. The Kue Vivienne Cerole, 
 Paris, presents an example of an attempt in this direc- 
 tion, though an attempt somewhat subordinated to polit- 
 ical purposes; and the Woman's Club, ' Sorosis), that did 
 statedly tea and talk at Del.nonico's, though without 
 earnest purpose, social, intellectual, or moral, unless 
 notoriety-seeking may be considered as such, reveals 
 another phase of the same tentative, but ever restless 
 putting-out of the century's hand for the freer, nobler, 
 more beautiful, more organic and efficient in culture. 
 Seed-ideas, hitherto barren and infecund, bud and blos- 
 som into institutions strong with progressive vitality; 
 for though in one aspect the age is one of intense com- 
 mercialism and of general crooking of the supple knee 
 to the god Mammon, in another aspect it is an age of 
 intense and speculative groping after the real: of groping 
 that fertilizes seminal ideas, long asleep in fallow ground, 
 as no groping' after the Utopia has done before. 
 
 From the discussion in the abstract of this phase of 
 progress the Lotos and Arcadian clubs may be dismissed; 
 for though the Saturday nights of the former bring to- 
 gether the best rising professionals in the city, and the 
 Thursday night receptions of the latter are intellectually 
 important, the social ovations of neither have any defi- 
 nite relation to genei-al society, such as is held by the 
 receptions "of the Har-monie or of the Standard, of the 
 Union League or the Century. 
 
 But why not apply the principle of the club on a large 
 scale to society purposes ? The segregation of society 
 into sets has been vastly accelerated, particularly in 
 New York, by the incapacity of the ordinary sahn to 
 accommodate large gatherings; besides, the modern 
 
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2 30 CLUBS Oil ^■E^Y YOliK. 
 
 parlor lacks perspective, aiid is by no means a suitabio 
 stage upon which to exhibit the artistic in toilette; and 
 the fact that salons like Delmonico's are frequently 
 called into requisition to give private receptions, seems 
 to demonstrate that the need of larger spaces has al- 
 ready forced itself upon public attention. Here, then, 
 is a new field for cooperative enterprise. Let a certain 
 number of gentlemen of the first standing, with ample 
 capital, club together and erect a building adapted to 
 the purpose of giving receptions on the magnificent 
 scale in which a few society leaders would like to in- 
 dulge, did the conditions of the modern residence 
 permit. 
 
 The idea is a feasible one, and would introduce 
 into modern society a centripetal tendency it now sadly 
 lacks. The building sliould be one of splendid salons for 
 dance and promenade, with beautiful hanging balconies 
 for music stations, cosy little by-parlors for whist and 
 conversation, an elegant theatre and stage, like those at 
 the Union League, for readings, tableaux vivants and 
 private theatricals, beautiful conservatories for moon- 
 light rhapsody, and an excellent caterer affording the 
 best at moderate prices — the whole upholstered and 
 furnished with all the perfect art of the merest bijou 
 parlor of a private residence, and constituting a kind of 
 pleasure-palace adapted to the larger needs of the 
 modern society queen: for, while the differentiation 
 between private and social life has become more defi- 
 nite from year to year, the type of building erected for 
 purposes of residence has remained practically unal- 
 tered. 
 
 A club modeled upon this plan would necessarily be- 
 come a great social engine; hence, the necessity that its 
 function should be controlled by private parties, to pre- 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. -3' 
 
 vent its degeneration into a vast society hotel, with a 
 hotel's lack of exclusiveness; and thus a completeness of 
 art and organization woiild be introduced into a field 
 hitherto inartistic, inorganic, and responsible to no laws 
 except those of accident or caprice. 
 
 The Kue Vivienne Cercle, constituting in some respects 
 a political and social event even in Paris, suggests, then, 
 in the purpose of its organization, a principle suscej^tible 
 of unlimited expansion and of an application to society 
 life: for though ladies are excluded from membership, 
 they are admitted to the soirees, concerts, and balls given 
 in the magnificent salons during the Parliamentary ses- 
 sion: indeed, one of its intents is to bring general society 
 into coherent body and harmony; and thus a grand 
 social centre, about which may revolve those crystaliz- 
 ations generally designated as sets, has been established, 
 the society solar systems of Paris taking a new unity in 
 the new relation to a central luminary. A new unity, 
 stumbled upon, as all the discovered unities have been, 
 quite by accident, is a new revelation having many and 
 various relations to practical problems, of which, after 
 all, paradox though it be, the key is always found in 
 theoi-y; and in suggesting a new political unity in a unity 
 of politics with social forces, the Cercle suggests a new 
 society unity, having both a social and artistic mission. 
 
 Why not applj' the same principle in New York? 
 "VVhUe there is a tendency on the part of metropohtan 
 society to break into sets: to segregate, thea aggre- 
 gate into terrestrial Saturns with rings more or less 
 luminous: there is a counteracting tendency on the part 
 of these sets to expand and assimilate, until, having 
 waxed too unwieldy for the facilities of the dwelling- 
 house salon, they break and readjust into new sets, more 
 convenient in their number of cynosurcB ; that body 
 
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2.32 CLUBS OF yj-jw yoiiic. 
 
 termed modern society exhibiting the phenomenon of a 
 kind of centripetal force balanced against a centrifugal: 
 a tendency to flj" off at a tangent and to assume closer 
 coherence: a tendencj' to individuation, as the poet of 
 German philosojDhers expresses it, and a balancing ten- 
 dency to closer assimilation of elements, both of which 
 are necessary to a healthy social organization, the one 
 tending to the exclusive, the other to the universal. 
 There are wheels within wheels, sets within sets, unities 
 within unities; and now and then, it happens that some 
 luminary greater than the rest renders the unity almost 
 universal. 
 
 As intimated, one of the detennining causes of segre- 
 gation has heretofore been constituted by the limited 
 area of the salon : it being impossible or impractiable so 
 to expand the private parlor as to answer the demands 
 of the higher society unity. The question, a party or 
 reception being contemplated, is not who shall be favored 
 with the coveted cards of invitation, but who shall be 
 dropped? who of the circle which has expanded by 
 ordinary laws until it cannot be compressed within the 
 limits of a modern parlor, can be spared with the least 
 perceptible loss to the rest? Where there are few v.-eeds, 
 this process of weeding out is not a pleasant one, and is 
 liable to awaken social bickerings and jealousies, which, 
 like Banquo's ghost, will down at no bidding of apology 
 or reparation. It may be that in the nature of things 
 offences must come, but woe unto her through whom the 
 offence cometh ! And yet, the invitations distributed, 
 the most careful weeding has not prevented a crush fatal 
 to all art, all ease, and all enjoyability; and the few 
 dropped from the Hst, in nowise, apparently, contribute 
 to the relief of the many who remain. It has been fuss 
 and feathers, and no bird: aU the way round, to nothing ! 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. ^Zi 
 
 Certain heart-burnings have been caused, and nobody 
 has benefited by them : not tlie giver of the party, 
 because the few who could be dropped formed no 
 appreciable proportion of the ay^gregate set: not the 
 guests, because the crush was not ajspreciably lessened, 
 and half a dozen more or less could have resulted in no 
 intensification of the discomfort. 
 
 And comfort at a party or reception depends mate- 
 rially upon pleasuring of the artistic sense. For this 
 purpose there must be spaces, distances, intervals of 
 light and shade — iu short, perspective. The proximity 
 begotten of crush vitiates art in toilette. The finest 
 exemjilar of Worth's handiwork must be seen as a whole, 
 at distances rendering it one instantaneous impression, 
 to be appreciated or even appreciable. Textures may be 
 ascertained in a crush, the genuineness of laces or gems 
 determined, but to impress the sensibilities with an image 
 of beauty and fitness is impossible; and any person of 
 analytic turn who will subject the discomfort of a modern 
 party to rigid scrutiny, will find most of it referable, not 
 to the fact of having been actually crowded and elbowed, 
 but to confusion of the sensations, to want of unity in the 
 mise-en-icene. The art-sight has been offended somewhat 
 as it is offended by a Gothic front as manufactured uow- 
 a-days, with all oneness lost in meshed and confused 
 intricacies of tracery- work; and when will people learn 
 that the art-sight — the form of beauty in the mind — is 
 potent for good or ill, even in ordinary society gather- 
 ings? Or, if it is nothing, why rehearse a wedding 
 ceremony ? why arrange for perspective of woe at a 
 funeral ? why seek to pacify the seeing of the beautiful 
 that might be, through the beautiful that is, in any of 
 these work-a-day or weep- a-day details? Why? Because 
 there is a ghost of beauty in the mind — a spectre of what 
 
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234 CLUUS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 might be forever visible in the body of what is, like the 
 god shining through the. marble, yet intangible to the 
 senses, in a Phidian statue — that revenges itself, if not 
 appeased by something lite proximate satisfaction; and 
 Lady Vere de Vere can no better afford to disregard it 
 at her party than Mr. Tintoretto on his painted 
 canvases. 
 
 These two great considerations are altogether distinct 
 from the minor inconveniences, such as compelling 
 gentleman guests to repair to the third story prepara- 
 tory to entering the salon, ladies to the second story — 
 all resultant from the fact that dwelling-houses are built 
 to live in, not to give parties and receptions in. In 
 primitive modes of life, this discrepancy is not visible; 
 lut, in proportion as the differentiation of society needs 
 from household needs advances, the discrepancy becomes 
 more and more distinct from generation to generation; 
 and, taking an impartial survey of the present facts, few 
 persons of great society experience will deny that the 
 differentiation is now such as to call for a differentiation 
 of the residence from the party-giving structure, of the 
 home from the salon. 
 
 It must come at last to a recognition of this fact, and 
 the erection of the huge society Sybaris, not a roseleaf 
 awry, hereintofore planned: and what then remains to 
 be suggested, but some river Crathis for the benefit of 
 the ladies, Sybaris near by, the waters of which 
 
 ' ' Electro faciunt similes auroque capillos, " 
 
 completely to satisfy the sense beautiful ? 
 
 The collection of an art gallery was begun in the 
 spring of 1872, an addition to the club-house having 
 been built on for that purpose — artists hke A. J. Tait, 
 J. G. Brown, John Pope, Bougereau, Le Croix, Van 
 
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LOTOS CIjUU. 255 
 
 Elten, J. N. Beard, Horsford, of the Savage Club, 
 London; Heade, Samuel Coleman, J. N. Dolph, V. 
 Neblig, and Arthur Lumley, whose clever pencil saved 
 "Saratoga in 1901" from oblivion, contributing good 
 examples from easel or portfoho; and, as if to prove that 
 the convulsions and travail of the struggle of the winter 
 and spring of 1871-2 had done no harm, the opening of 
 the 1872 season on Saturday evening, the fifth of Oc- 
 tober, was converted into a veritable nox amhroHiana, with 
 plentiful ambrosia both intellectual and alcoholic, and 
 plentiful professional Olympians at the symposium. 
 
 Few are the opportunities offered, even by the most 
 popular London clubs, to scan a list of guests like these 
 that follow: Mr. Maddick, of the London Court Joxirnd, 
 and Alexis Lomonsoff, member of the Imperial Minera- 
 logical Society of Russia; Rubinstein, the king of the 
 keys; Edmund Yates, the English novelist and lecturer; 
 "VVieniawski, the Polish violin wizard; Henry Jarrett, of 
 the Academy of Music; Engel, organist; MM. Meurice 
 and Mercier, editors, and M. Charles Villa, dramatic 
 critic of the Courrier des EtatH-Unis; the great basso, 
 Jamet; Moriami, the savage Neluako; and Charles Lyall, 
 of the Italian Opera company and one of the contrib- 
 utors to the London Vanity Fair; J. W. Simonton, of the 
 Associated Press; Coulon, Rizzo, Captain James Price, 
 Jr., of the steamship Manhattan; Joaquin Miller, Butin, 
 of Eastern Siberia and member of the Russian Geograph- 
 ical Society; Riembelinski, Behrens, the conductor; 
 Sauret, the violinist, and half a hundred other notables. 
 
 The members came out in strong force, including 
 Whitelaw Reid, the popi.ilar Lotos President; genial 
 John Brougham, Vice-President; Mayor Hall, once 
 President of the club; WiUiam J. Florence, fresh from 
 Paris; D. H. Harkins, who plays husband to Agues 
 
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236 
 
 CLUJSS OF yEW youK. 
 
 Ethel in '• Agnes;" Bronson C. Howard, autlior of " Dia- 
 monds;" Frederick A. Scbwab, musical critic of the 
 Times; George Clark, the actor; Colonel John Hay, of 
 the Tribune; W. A. C. Fulton, one of the first gentlemen 
 of the press; Thomas E. Morris, Philip Bonfort, C. A. 
 Welles of the Evening Mail; Henry A. Elliot, Arthur 
 Luniley, H. C. Bis^Dham, the lion painter ; Lemuel 
 Hayward, Charles W. Brooke, G. W. Colby, Norman F. 
 Cross, J. A. Picard, Robert B. Roosevelt, Max Strakosch, 
 F. J. Smith, Wilham Curtis Noyes, William McDonnell, 
 Thomas A. Kennett, Blair Scribner, the pubhsher, and 
 many more. 
 
 Mr. Henry Stanfield sang a song; then Rubinstein set 
 m.usic trickling from the keys of the piano, weirdly sug- 
 gestive of Goethe's strange strain: 
 
 " Who rideth so late through the night- wind lone? 
 It is a father with his son. 
 
 " He foldeth him fast, he foldeth Mm warm; 
 He prayeth God's angels to keep him from harm." 
 
 Or of the weirder conclusion of the same ballad of the 
 "ErlKing:" 
 
 "The father rideth, he rideth fast, 
 And faster rideth through the blast. 
 
 "He spurreth wild through tlie night- wind lone, 
 And dead iu his arms he holdeth his son." 
 
 I can imagine it — for there was once, when I had a few 
 pet poems, among them the "Haunted Palace," "An- 
 nabel Lee," Longfellow's " Siege of Prague," the "Ancient 
 Mariner," Shelley's wild " Serenade to an Ladian Girl," 
 and this same " Erl King," the beauty of which made me 
 weaken and long to die, with a sense of the unattainable: 
 
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LOTOS CLUB. '^37 
 
 and had it not been that Florence followed with an Irish 
 story about Shakespeare's skull, reversing the nerve- 
 currents to thai; tending, members and guests, in their 
 then suscejotible condition, must have fainted by common 
 consent and fallen under the table in one entranced 
 heap: doing which imagine that worshipper of Augusts 
 Comte, the goddess Fama, and the beautiful, Mr. John 
 Elderkin, who had burdened himself with the responsi- 
 bility of sending a report to the Home, Journal. John 
 Brougham then told a story; Edmund Yates, having had 
 two dinners beforehand, excused himself on that ground; 
 Mr. Lemuel Hayward rendered the pathetic ballad of 
 " Jim Bludso," the hearers weeping at the wrong jiass- 
 ages. After that they went home, or, rather, formally 
 shook bands with that ostensible intent; for some of 
 them, I dimly apprehend, like the gust of wind that 
 came so near knocking down Mr. Pecksniff, did find others 
 similarly disposed, and made a night of it, many more 
 wending their way homewards, seeing erl kings in every 
 lamp-post, and more than usually impressed with the 
 importance of the law of gravitation, if not personallj' 
 prone to demonstrate the pi'inciple inductively, in loving 
 embraces of Danae earth: the unwonted phenomenon 
 being due to the fact that Rubenstein's fingering of the 
 keys had se disordered the relation that usually exists 
 between volition and the muscles, that the latter, insist- 
 ing upon doing business on their own respon.sibility, did 
 thus somewhat embarrass the function of locomotion, and 
 to it impart that wavy zigzag that Virgil attributes to the 
 gods. 
 
 Habitues of London clubs solemnly allege that salmon, 
 taken in large quantities, produces a condition analogous 
 to intoxication; and if so be it with salmon, why not 
 with Bubenstein, who is a greater than salmon? 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
23S CLUBS OF \EW YORK. 
 
 LIST OF MEMBEKS. 
 
 Adams, Edwin; Alden, Harry N. ; Allen, Henry W. ; Anderson, 
 John; Andrews, W. S. ; Appleton, William, Jr.; Arthur, W. H. 
 
 Baker, Frank: Baker, T. E. ; Baldwin, A. H.; Ballard, L. Morti- 
 mer; Barrett. Lawrence; Bassford, E. D. ; Bassford, W. K. ; Bauer, 
 John R. ; Beard, James H. ; Bixby, Daniel; Bliss, E. , Jr.; Bonfort, 
 Philip; Booth, Edwin; Bouton, J. B. ; Bouvier, M. C. ; Bowen, H. 
 B. ; Bradhurst, P. T. C; Brelsford, C. M. ; Bridgman, Herbert L.; 
 Brooke, C. W. ; Brougham, John; Brown, J. W. ; Bundy, J. M. ; 
 Burling, Gilbert. 
 
 Calkins, Hiram; Carozzi, G. N. ; Casey, Joseph J. ; Castle, William; 
 Chapin, C. H. ; Chase, W. S. ; Chickering, C. F. ; Clarke, George H. ; 
 Coe, Spencer W. ; Colby, Geo. W. ; Cole, John F. ; Comstock, F. S. ; 
 Coudit, Frank M. ; Corson, Cornelius; Coutan, Charle,<i E. ; Crane, 
 Albert; Crosby, U. H. ; Cross, Norman F. ; Crouch, George; 
 Curtis, V. B. 
 
 Daly, Augustin; De Leon. Edwin P.; Denison, George; Develin, 
 John E. ; Dinsmore, S. P.; Ditson, Charles H. ; Dolby, George; 
 Dolph, J. H. ; Dorr, S. 
 
 Efner, H. W. ; Elder, William H. ; Elderkin, John; Elliot, J. H. ; 
 Elliott, Henry A. 
 
 Favarger, A. A.; Flint, F. J. S. ; Florence, William J. ; French, 
 T. H. ; Frobisher, J. E.; Fryer, J. C. ; Fullgraff, Otto; Fulton, 
 W. A. Chandos. 
 
 Gaul, E. L. ; Gayler, Charles ; Gazzam, Audley W. ; Gedney, F. 
 G. ; Gerlach, F. ; Greey, Edward; Griswold, S. N. ; Gurney, Benj. 
 
 Hager, J. Henry; Hall, A. Oakey; Hall, Thomas J.; Hand, John 
 T.; Harkins, D. H. ; Hasbrouck, Price W. ; Hay, John; Hayes, 
 James E. ; Hay ward, Lemuel; Hills, James S. ; Hiltman, G. P. ; 
 Hoey, George C. ; Holmes, C. E. Jj. ; Hough, C. C. ; Howard, Bronson 
 C. ; Howell, H. C. ; Howell, W. R.; Hows, George W. ; Hughes, J. M. ; 
 Hull, A. 
 
 Jackson, N. Hart; Johnston, Archibald. 
 
 Keen, W. W. ; Kelly, J. M. ; Kennett, Thomas A. ; Knapp, A. Mel- 
 vin; Knox, Thomas W. ; Kurtz, W. 
 
 Lacoste, Palmyre; Larrowe, M. D.; Laurence, Albert; Leet, George 
 K. ; Leoser, C. McK. ; Leslie, Frank; Leslie, Henry; LeTetfc, Morris; 
 Livingston, C. H. ; Locke, D. E. ; Lumley, Arthur; Lyster, Fred. 
 
 Macdonald, William; Macdonnell, Alex.; Mafonigle, J. Henry; 
 Mariotte, Henry A.; Mason, J. Henry; Mathews, J. Brander; 
 
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LOTOS CLVB. 239 
 
 Matthisou, Arthur; Maxwell, James E.; Meade, Edwin E. ; Meighan, 
 T. W. ; Merriam, William H. ; Miller, Charles H. ; Mills, S. B. ; 
 Miner, Allen B. ; Mitchell, Moses; Morris, Thomas E. ; Moss, 
 Theodore. 
 
 Noyes, Fred. B. ; Noyes, W. Curtis 
 
 O'Rourke, C. A.; Orr, Alexander M. ; Owens, John E. 
 
 Paillard, A. E. ; Palmer, B. E. ; Palmer, H. D. ; Palmer, John C. ; 
 Pardee, Chas. Inslee; Parsons, Levi; Pech, James; Perring, James 
 E.; Phelps, Charles; Picard, J. A.; Pickett, B. M. ; Piguet, E. E.; 
 Pillot, F. J. 
 
 Eachau, E. W. ; Eandolfi, A. ; Eaymond, Henry W. ; Reid, John 
 E. ; Eeid, Whitelaw; Eeinhart, B. P, ; Eico, E. C; Eoberts, Charles, 
 Jr. ; Eoosevelt, Eobert B. ; Rosa, Carl ; Eosenberg, Charles G. 
 
 Salmon, L. N.; Sanford, A. Wright; Sohell, Eiohard: Schneler, 
 Henri; Schnyler, G. L. ; Schwab, Fred. A.; Scott, Julian; Seguiti, 
 E.; Selwyn, John H. ; Simpson, George; Smith, P. J. ; Smith, Mark; 
 Smith, William F. ; .Smythe, Douglas; Solomon, S. B. ; Southwick, 
 E. A.; Spotts, A. P.; Squre, W. C; Stebbins, H. G. ; Stedwell, J. 
 H. ; Stetson, A. McG. ; IStetson, P. E. ; Stocking, W. F. ; Stone, J. F. ; 
 Stout, George H. ; Stow, J. A.; Strakosch, Max; Sturgis, H. H. ; 
 Sweet, C. W. 
 
 Tait, A. F. ; Tayleure, C. W. ; Taylor, Douglass; Thomas, John E. ; 
 Thorp, E. B. ; Tissington, H. ; Tooley, James W. ; Tjowbridge, S. 
 A.; Trull, W. C. ; Tunis, W. E. 
 
 Van Sickler, S. H. ; Vernam, William S. ; Vinton, F. L. 
 
 Walker, N. B. ; Ward, John A.; Waring, George Dudley; Wason, 
 George T. ; Webb, Malcolm G. ; Weber, Albert; Wehli, James M. ; 
 Welles, C. A. ; Wheeler, Andrew C. ; Whitely, James; Whitney, Ira 
 G. ; Wilbour, Charles E. ; Wilkes, George. 
 
 Zimmermann, J. A. 
 
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X, 
 BLOSSOM CLUB. 
 
 129 FIFTH AVENUE. 
 
 The Blossom Club was originally projected for purposes 
 purely social, having been developed out of the famous 
 Blossom Lodge. As a formal organization, its existence 
 dates from October 15, 18G4, when the club-rooms were 
 opened at 41 and 43 Franklin street. Previous to that 
 date, it was a sort of coterie of which the late John 
 Clancy was the literaiy centre. Owen W. Brennan, still 
 incumberit, was the first president; William M. Tweed, 
 the first vice-president. The secretaries were C. H. Hall 
 and George Pearson. The late John Jourdan, whose 
 efficieiit services in the Police Department are memor- 
 able, acted as treasurer; and the board of directors 
 consisted of Heni-y Smith, James Watson, the famous 
 Judge Joseph Dowhng, Morgan Jones, and Edwin M. 
 Haggerty. 
 
 Thus oflScered, and with a modest membership, the 
 club begun its career in modest rooms, quite down town, 
 and in sight of that mausoleum of criminals, and sole 
 American example of pure Egyptian — the Tombs. 
 
 For three years t'ne Blossom Club continued to sojourn 
 in Franklin street; but, at length, in the spring of 1867, 
 a second floor on Broadway, near the New York Hotel, 
 was taken and occupied; handsome, genial, beau-ish Ben 
 Gurney, the photographer, occupying the upper floors 
 of the same building, and hob-nobbing with the most 
 
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VL OSSOM GL UB. 2 4 I 
 
 convivial of them. Every Broadway promenader re- 
 members the phrase Blossom Club, as it then appeared 
 in tinsel letters over the little side-door leading directly 
 up)-stairs. 
 
 Here, again, the Blossoms remained three years — 
 luxuriating in second-floor quietude, and the vintage 
 at Dodge's, Gnrney taldug their photographs. These 
 veerc golden days to some of them — days of luxury with- 
 out especial stylishness — in short, days of a kind of 
 Teutonism in club-life, in vchich the German spirit of 
 the substantial predominated over the American spirit 
 of glitter and the grand; and a gay and festive number 
 was No. 709 Broadway, with the Blossoms, and Gurnej', 
 and the best stocked wine cellars in the city. Not long, 
 however, did these days last. Fifth Avenue is the goal 
 towards which every club toils with communal energy; 
 and, finally, in the spring of 1870, another removal was 
 determined upon. 
 
 Accordingly, the old Townsend mansion, still one of the 
 most elegant and commodious on the avenue, was leased, 
 and the club prepared to migrate. The sannterer who 
 now passes No. 129 Fifth Avenue finds the Blossoms 
 there in all their glory, with ranks a little throned, how- 
 ever, of the old membership, and greatly recruited with 
 new members. The keen, active Jourdan has dropped 
 his baton, and rests from his labors. Clancy is only 
 dimly remembered. But Brennan, and Bowling, and the 
 rest of them, are still Blossoms, having no especial wish- 
 ing to be translated into angels; and the club still wags 
 on, with all its ancient conviviality. 
 
 Pleasanter and cosier clnb-house than No. 129 cannot 
 be found on the avenue. Having pulled the bell, send 
 your card to whom it may concern, and you will be 
 ushered into the elegant reception room on the right. 
 
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24 2 CLUBS OF NEW YOIIK. 
 
 v.'hcre a Titanic portrait of Mr. Tweed stares you in the 
 face, and with the inperturbable good humor of the Na- 
 poleon of Democratic jDolitics, appears to be saying, 
 " You're welcome, my de.ir fellow; pray help yourself to 
 a look at the club-house." Just bej'ond is the library 
 and office of the actuary. It is likely that you will here 
 meet the dark, stylish, Spanish-looking John Pyne, 
 whose bookstore on Nassau street has long been the 
 resort of a literary coterie, and whose antiquarian and 
 brie d 6rac-ish tastes entitle him to first standing as an 
 American collector of rarities. Mr. Pyne was, in fact, 
 tlie leading spirit in the formation of the new library, 
 which consists of four or five hundred volumes, elegant 
 in dress of Russia, and bearing the monogram of the 
 club in gilt letters. As the library stands, it is rather 
 the nut of a library than a complete collection; but the 
 project takes the proportions of a couple of thousand 
 tomes, all in the same style, and with the monogram of 
 the association. The bookcases are of Gothic frame- 
 work, beautiful in effect, and wrought in dark, hard 
 wood. 
 
 Still beyond, you enter an extension built by the club 
 at an expense of fifty thousand dollars, and converted to 
 the purposes of a billiard-room. Wine lists and portraits 
 of celebrities adorn the walls here and there — the 
 former elegantly illuminated, and as elegantly framed as 
 the latter. It may be gathered from this fact that the 
 members of the Blossom are eminently social — jovial — 
 convivial — in their habits, which they certainly are, 
 though not more so than those of the Union, the bar of 
 which is the most profitable in the city. "With the ex- 
 ception of the Manhattan, of all clubs it is most fre- 
 quented by members, particularly in the evening. The 
 broad, pleasant, kindly face of Brennan is always visible 
 
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BLOSSOM CLUB. 243 
 
 at this ]jlace, as the ahnanacs say of eclipses. So Justice 
 DowHng— always elegant in his dress — in fact, almost a 
 Beau Brnmmel in his habitual exposition of the latest 
 fashion. A kindly man, though keen, Juistice Dowling 
 is, and a gentleman of heart, and soul, and princely 
 liberality, who can be as stern and implacable as a Eoman 
 when it suits his purpose to be so. Tou will meet Tweed, 
 too, vvith his large, grand, good-humored phiz and 
 physique; but here, again, the will of a Eoman slumbers 
 uuder the suavity of a Parisian — for no man so well 
 illustrates the old Latin phrase, Suaviter in modo, for- 
 tiler in re. He can make coups d'elat with all the easy taci- 
 turnity of the last Napoleon, whom the world will by 
 and by credit with having being as great in one way as his 
 uncle was in another. His nose is half-Brougham, half- 
 Roman, and a man with a nose of that sort is not a man 
 to be trifled with. Senator C. G. Cornell, who has made 
 a great deal of noise in the world, is also a regular 
 hohilue ; and, of course, it would be wrong to omit the tall 
 count-ish looking 0. H. Hall, whose soubriquet of the 
 Prince is certainlynot in the least misplaced, and who, 
 a natural society bean, always appears to be in full-dress 
 elegance, no matter what he has on. Then everybody 
 has heard of the tall, silent, taciturn Burrill, as a keen 
 lawj'er, and a man whose brain is a sort of spider, spin- 
 ning webs of logic and law with exceeding subtlety of 
 mesh. Peter B. Sweeny is, likewise, a member and 
 habitue. 
 
 It was a blustering night in the spring of 1871, when, 
 with the introduction of a leading member, I dropped 
 in on the Blossoms by way of taking a note for the 
 Home Journal, and a glass of the liquid amber capped 
 with foam, at the same time. I had taken the amboi% 
 which produces a wonderful inclination for taking notes 
 
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244 CLimS OF SEW YOBK. 
 
 aud setting them in filigree-work of fancy; and now 
 tixrned to lool;: about me. The jjleasant reception room 
 was a-bnzz with conversation, and alive with rememLered 
 political faces. Dowling and Kelso — like Siamese twins 
 — talked in low tones in a quiet alcove. The dashing 
 Hall — distinguished and foreign-looking — sauntered up 
 and down, imagining himself per'haps, on the avenue, of 
 a sunny afternoon. The elegant and fastidious P} ne 
 was dreamily contemplating the library he had created, 
 and the bindings over which he had exercised a special 
 supervision. Scattered here and there in knots of twos 
 and threes, the Blossoms talked politics and discussed 
 the wasted hopes of the young Democracy — vanquished, 
 alas, by a single sweejs of the wand of the grim, semi- 
 humorous, but potent magician, Tweed, directed — so 
 said — by the crafty, keen, suave, secret and silent Sweeny 
 — a second Cecil on a small sc ale. 
 
 The battle had been fought : the Young Democracy 
 had long since surrendered. L' empire c'etait paix ! And 
 Tweed was the Napoleon. 
 
 Just a year after I dropped in on the Blossoms again. 
 
 " A thousand years went by, and then 
 I passed that self-same road again," 
 
 runs the rhythm of a quaint ballad, or rather, the dis- 
 course of the prophet, who, 
 
 ' ' ever young, 
 Thus loosed the bridie of his tongue." 
 
 Not so did I, for, to parody the words of the prophet, 
 
 ' ' A single year passed by, and then 
 I went that self-same road again.' 
 
 But the metamorphosis was almost equal to that which 
 the prophet witnessed after a thousand years of absence. 
 The Blossoms were few and sad, with an inclination to 
 
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BL OSSOM CL UB. 245 
 
 repeat Ossian's weird refrain, " I have seen the walls of 
 Balclutha, and they were desolate " — by Balclutha, of 
 course, meaning Tammany, through the halls of which, 
 at least metaphorically, the fire had meanwhile re- 
 sounded. Here, one was hiding from the sheriff — for 
 had not the upholstery of the new Court House proved 
 verj' expensive upholstery to the city? There, another 
 trembled in his corner; and grim Tweed, erst the Cedar 
 of Lebanon, his head was bowed, too. 
 
 There has been some weeding out of the too notorious 
 since the apocalypse, also, and the membershijD is, con- 
 sequentlv, somewhat less than it was when Mr. Tweed's 
 photograph, lifedarge, faced the visitor as he entered the 
 salon. Many have fallen off; few have been added; but 
 the organization came out of the fray with fifteen thou- 
 sand dollars in the treasury, and was thus enabled to 
 pass that critical period of transition from a political 
 club to one frequented by a somewhat different class — 
 for sixtj'-five out of every hundred on the roll are now 
 business men, and considerably less playing for high 
 stakes is practiced. Not that the political element has 
 been wholly eliminated by the late earth-shake. On the 
 contrary, it is still numerous, though less noisy; and 
 senators, judges, and honorables in general are quite 
 too plentiful for thorough respectability. Bat progress 
 is progress, even though qualified with as many quemad- 
 modums as a logician uses in proving a proposition; and 
 the Blossom has improved. 
 
 The dead-roll of the Blossom, besides that of Jourdan 
 includes only two names too well known to be omitted, to 
 wit — John Clancy, under whose supervision the now de- 
 funct Leader won its brilliant litarary reputation, and 
 James risk, Jr., whose phenomenally notorious career 
 was ended in a manner as phenomenally notorious. It 
 
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246 CLUBS OF N£W TO UK. 
 
 was Mr. Clancy who called about the Leader that circle 
 of talented contributors, whose impulse was felt long 
 after their immediate services had been absorbed in other 
 fields, and who, until as late as 1866, occasionally en- 
 livened the columns of tne Tammany organ with their 
 wittiest scintillations of their most fanciful concoctions 
 of romance. A rare coterie was that of the Leader in 
 those days. Henry Clapp, with his caustic brevities; 
 the brilliant and audacious Fitz James O'Brien ; the cyn- 
 ical, humorous and poetic George Arnold; the acute and 
 critical, yet dreamy and speculative, William Winter; 
 the lamented Frank Wood, whose brief career was like 
 a rainbow for brevity and brightness; A. Oatey Hall, 
 James T. Brady — these together formed a circle of intel- 
 lectuals seldom gathered about a single journal, and 
 showing a rare personal magnetism and a rarer appre- 
 ciation on the part of the man who thus concentrated, 
 them in the production of a weekly American Blackwood 
 such as New York journalism will not again soon see. 
 
 Of magnetic type in a lower walk, was the late James 
 Fisk, Jr., and a man of peculiarly original humor withal, 
 though he never expressed himself on paper — a being, 
 indeed, in whom all contradictions met to form a kind 
 of phenomenal individuality, potent for good or evil, 
 mostly for the latter. Analysis of the man must begin 
 with the conception of a gigantic force 'controlled by no 
 corresponding conscience — an audacious fertility of re- 
 sources modified by no sense of right and wrong — a per- 
 sonality whose God was success. But blame the age, 
 not the man. As Nap oleon was a product of the first 
 revolutionary era in France so James Fisk, Jr., concen- 
 trated in himself the spirit of the age that foaled him — 
 its materialism, its audacious gambling for money, and 
 place, and power, its reckless and terrible activity of the 
 
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BLOSSOM CLUB. ^47 
 
 lower intellect, its contempt for the spirituality of the 
 higher. He pursued his Eeal — no more; and his Eeal 
 was that of the century which gave him birth, and then 
 sought to reprobate him for carrying its commercialism 
 to its logical deduction. 
 
 Though a native of Vermont, in person and mind Mr. 
 Fisk was of the New York rather than the New England 
 type, with the exception of his humor, which was typi- 
 cally dry and Yankee. There was something large and 
 imposing about him; and when he had unpleasant work 
 on hand he preferred to commit its execution to the 
 tools, legal, judicial, and manual, that swarmed to ex- 
 ecute his wishes. 
 
 Heavy in physique, as in physiognomy, his nose was 
 the interpreter of his career, and the beak of a bird of 
 prey in every particuhir of its conformation: a beak 
 equally hawk-like and acquisitive, indicative alike of 
 indomitable will and executive audacity. 
 
 " The saddest words in all the world," says "VVhittier, 
 " are these — it might have been;'' but what Mr. Fisk 
 might have been is comprehended in what ho was. Had 
 he been less unscrupulous, he would have been less 
 great, and might have lived and died unnoticed; for the 
 greatness of his career was that of an ordinary intellect 
 knowing no law excejDt that of success. 
 
 But I must on. The club has about five hundred 
 members, and a monogram, and differs little in details 
 of organization from the older clubs. The officers con- 
 sist of a president, vice-president, secretary, treasurer, 
 and three directors, who, with the president and secre- 
 tary, constitute a board of directors. These are elected 
 at the annual meeting, occurring on the second Saturday 
 in June, but a vacancy may be filled at any meeting of 
 the club by a majority of the members present, provided 
 
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248 
 
 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 notice of intention shall have been given at the previous 
 meeting. A committee of five, termed the committee on 
 the club-house, and having the function of a house com- 
 mittee; a committee on by-laws, of three, and a commit- 
 tee on membership, of twenty-one, complete the enume- 
 ration of officers. The president appoints these com- 
 mittees, and is an ex officio member of all of them. 
 
 Though the committee on membership elects, it is the 
 duty of the directors to ascertain the facts as to the eli- 
 gibility of a person proposed, and to report to the club at 
 the regular meeting. If eligible, the name is referred to 
 the committee on membership, with which three black- 
 balls, or one vote in seven, rejects. The. access is rigidly 
 hedged about. First, a candidate must be proposed by 
 a member of the club, and his name, residence, and occu- 
 pation, with the name of the proposer, must be bulletined 
 for fifteen days, during which it is the" duty of the direct- 
 ing board to make inquiries. Names found eligible are 
 then passed into the hands of the committee, and the 
 candidate, if elected, puts his name to the constitution 
 and disburses one hundred dollars, which is the regular 
 admission fee. The dues are five dollars a month (in 
 advance), or sixty dollars a year; and the regular 
 monthly meetings are held on the second Saturday of 
 every month. Special meetings may be called, however, 
 by the board of directors; but the president cannot call 
 a special meeting except upon the requisition of five 
 members. 
 
 The fines and penalties are invested in the discretion 
 of the directory, whose duty it is to investigate all com- 
 plaints; the board having the power to impose proper 
 penalties, or to expel, though the decision is subject to 
 the approval of a majority of the club. When a member 
 becomes indebted to the club to aa amount exceedinsr 
 
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BLOSSOM CLUB. 249 
 
 thirty dollars, it is the duty of the secretary to notify 
 him; and if, after notification, he fails to jDay within two 
 months, he ceases to be a member, his name is stricken 
 fx'om the list, and notification thereof is served upon him 
 by the secretary. Should he, however, present to the 
 club within thirty days thereafter a satisfactory excuse 
 for having neglected to pay, he may be reinstated upon 
 liquidation of arrearages. All resignations must be made 
 to the secretary in writing; and no resignation of a 
 member indebted to the club can be accepted. 
 
 None but members are entitled to the privileges of the 
 club-rooms; and strangers and visitors are not permitted 
 to enter any except the reception rooms. Any member 
 violating this rule by piloting a visitor about the house, 
 23ays a penalty of five dollars. This rule applies only to 
 residents in this city, non-residents having the privilege 
 of the club-house for one month, upon introduction by a 
 member, and register. The rule may also be set aside by 
 forma] assent of a majority of the members present. 
 
 From April to October, fifteen members constitute a 
 quorum at monthly meetings; for the rest of the year, 
 twenty. The order of proceedings is fixed by rule: 
 
 1. Koll call. 
 
 2. Reading of the minutes of previous meeting. 
 R. Collection of fines and dues. 
 
 4. Reports of committees. 
 
 5. Treasurer's report of funds. 
 
 6. Directors' report. 
 
 7. Election of officers and members. 
 
 8. Miscellaneous business. 
 
 Motions to adjourn, to lay on the table, for the pre- 
 vious question, and to reconsider, are not debatable, and 
 no member can speak twice, until other members have 
 spoken; and every member present must vote on all 
 
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250 CLUBS OF NEW YOUK. 
 
 questions under consideration. If five members call for 
 ayes and noes on any question, the vote must be thus 
 ordered and recorded. 
 
 The finances of the club are in excellent condition, and 
 the building of a new and more commodious club-house 
 is already mooted. The restaurant receives a heavy 
 patronage. 
 
 The officers are: — President, Owen W. Brennan; Vice- 
 President, V/illiam M. Tweed; Secretary, James Mc- 
 Gowan; Treasurer, Walter Koehe; Directors, Henry 
 Smith, John Pyne, and Robert M. Taylor; Board of 
 Directors, Henry Smith, Robert M. Taylor, John Pyne, 
 Owen W. Brennan, and James JMcGowan; Committee on 
 Club-house, Henry Smith, Owen W. Brennan, Walter 
 Roche, Edward Kearney, and Robert M. Taylor; Com- 
 mittee on By-laws, C. H. Hall, Isaac J. Oliver, and 
 John E. Burrill; Committee on Membership, Walter 
 Roche, James J. Gumbleton, Henry Smith, P. Dorian, 
 Isaac J. Oliver, Terence Parley, Jacob Sharp, John Van- 
 derbeck, Edward Kearney, John Pyne, Frederick C. 
 Wagner, Michael Norton, 0. G. Cornell, Henry A. 
 Barnum, Robert M. Taylor, William C. Dewey, Dennis 
 Burns, A. J. Jackson, J. M. Varian, Jr., E. W. Law- 
 rence, and John Murphy. 
 
 The club employs thirty waiters, servants, and ushers, 
 and has an income of fifty thousand a year. In some 
 respects it must be regarded as a sort of city resort of 
 the Americuses. In fact, the members of the latter are 
 mostly members of the Blossom also, making it their 
 winter quarters; but the latter has an unlimited mem- 
 bership, while the former limits its roll to one hundred. 
 
 Of ttie members, nearly five hundred, A. Oakey Hall 
 is, perhaps, one of the most frequent habitues. Jay Gould 
 belongs, and James Fisk, Jr., was a member. Judge 
 
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BLOSSOM CLUB. 23 ' 
 
 Gunning S. Bedford is also frequently found at the 
 pleasant rooms of the Blossom, but more frequently at 
 those of the Union. Of names famous in political his- 
 tory, the association has a perfect solar system. A few 
 have been noted as frequenters. Judge Barnard might, 
 in the days of his glory, have been sought here almost 
 any evening of the week, with the prospect of finding 
 him. Thomas J. Creamer, once leader of the Young De- 
 mocracy; Sheridan Shook, J. A. Ingersoll, and dozens 
 of others, celebrities in the game of politics, once made 
 almost a home of the club-rooms at No. 129. Frank 
 Blair, since the death of John Van Bui-en, the most 
 humorously effective of democratic orators; Homer A. 
 Nelson, S. L. M. Barlow, Douglass Taylor, C. S. Spencer, 
 Comptroller Connolly, John J. Bradley, and Terence 
 Farley, are quite too popularly familiar to be dismissed 
 without special mention. James Renwick, the soul of 
 the new St. Patrick's Cathedral, and very celebrated in 
 his profession, also appears on the roll. Dan Bryant 
 and Neil Bryant are members. Journalism is not very 
 fully represented. Colonel Gaul is enrolled; so, also, 
 George Wilkes. Matthew T. Brennan, now one of the 
 men looming into political prominence as a coming- 
 Democratic Titan, heads the list, which is arranged in 
 the order of admission; deaths and resignations omitted. 
 For other celebrities, the reader can pick them out and 
 fix them in memory, pending examination of the hst. 
 
 LIST OP MEMBEES. 
 
 Breunan, Matthew T. ; Dowling, Joseph; Brennan, Owen W.; 
 Jones, Morgan; Eoohe, Walter; Hall, Charles H. ; Stacom, John; 
 Clancy, Lawrence ;' Haggerty, E. M. ; Smith, Henry; Huelat, Henry 
 H. ; Bleakley, Andrew; Sweeny, Peter B. ; Tweed, William M, ; 
 Loew, Charles E.; Barber, Amaziah D. ; Coracll, Charles G.; Butt, 
 George W. ; Miller, David; Garv3y, Andrew J. ; Connover, Daniel D. ; 
 
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252 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Pyne, John; Sliandley, E. J.; Young, James B. ; Daniels, George B. ; 
 Purser, George H. ; Dorlau, P.; Sharp, Jacob; Brioe, John; Mc- 
 Gowan, James; Jackson, Joseph A.; Kearney, Edward; Jackson, 
 Abraham J.; Lynch, William; Golden, Timothy; Gardner, Hugh; 
 Burrill, John E. ; Chamberlain, John; Sherwood, Hoiatio W. ; 
 Murphy, John; Houghtaiiu, John; Dodge, William; Taylor, Kobert 
 M. ; Stewart, Thomas E. ; Irmn, Kobert; Bell, Isaac; Gridley, John 
 v.; Barnard, Henry; Schaffer, W. A.; King, Vincent C; Bixby, 
 S. P. ; Chamberlain, Charles ; Houghtalin, Frank ; Bedford, Gunning 
 S. ; Bradley, John P.; Farley, Terence; Thorcpson, A. A.; Creamer, 
 Thomas J.; Bliss, A. M. ; Levy, John J.; Sayles, S. ; Mitchell, 
 George H. ; Shook, Sherida.; ; Purdy, Israel G. ; Oliver, I. J.; Dewey, 
 William C. ; Boyle, James; Winant, Daniel; Graffula, C, S. ; Van- 
 derbeck, John; Varian, J. M., Jr.; Hutcbings, R. C. : Morton, W. ; 
 Johnson, W. ; Donohuo, Thomas; McLean, George W. ; Davidson, 
 J. McB.; McCunn, John H. , Filter, Henry D. ; Fields, Thom,-.s E. ; 
 Smith, L. Shuster; Pangborn, Jeremiah; Chittenden, H. M. ; Bod- 
 man, Isaac; Hall, A. Oakey; Jones, George 0. ; Parker, James; Car- 
 doza, Albert- Barnum, Henry A.; Gurableton, James J.; Morton, 
 James M.; Durnin, Eugene; Burns, Dennis; Woodward, E. A.; In- 
 gersoll, J. H. ; M Her, George S. ; Miller, J. L. ; Duryea, W. E. ; 
 Ford, J. H. ; Taylor, James B. ; Leverick, John B.; Boiler, C. ; 
 Sturgess, M. J. ; Alexander, George ; Slote, D . ; Spencer, Charles S. ; 
 Lush, K. M. ; Ottiwell, John D. ; Bassford, E. D. ; Burnett, A,; 
 Conner, William C. ; Calkin, Peter; Pollock, Alexaud.r; Joseph, 
 S. A.; Dunn, Joseph M. ; Hart, Benjamin; Work, Frank; Taylor, 
 Douglass; Barger, Samuel P.; Hildreth, D. M.; Blair, Frank P.; 
 Adams, Daniel W. ; Garrison, E. K. ; Marvin, Joseph J. ; Marvin, 
 vViUiam J. ; McGowau, John T. ; Dunlap, Thomas ; Kane, William 
 J. ; Hopkins, Sidney N. ; Boynton, S. C. ; Allen, Charles C. ; Little- 
 field, E. ; Schell, Richard; Cooney, John M. ; Davidson, William H. ; 
 Jarvis, Judson; Molone, Patrick; Vandyke, M. M. ; Angel, E. M. ; 
 Doyle, Cornelius; Senwick, James; Schenok, James V.; Cunning- 
 ham, James; Scheider, Joseph; Mullaly, John; Bertram, A. ISf. ; 
 Hitchman, William; Frear, Alexander; Radford, W. H. ; Wallace, 
 Henry; Quinn, Denis; Coman, Thomas; Cook, William H. ; Harley, 
 Henry; Cody, W. J.; Fisk, James, Jr.; Gould, Jay; Greer, George 
 B. ; Higgins, Francis; White, Francis C. ; Connolly, Richard B. ; 
 Hoadley, George E. ; Nathan, Gratz; MoClave, Stephen P.; Brown, 
 Ira; Gaul, Edward L. ; Jones, James B. ; Pennoye", Willi'.im J. ; Max- 
 
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BLOSSOM CLUB. 253 
 
 well, George; Howe, "William F. ; Newman, James P. ; Fello-n'S, John 
 K. ; Jones, George; Brown, Robert C. ; Sullivan, J. H. ; Kiolin, 
 Thomas-; Simmons, J. Edward; Simmons, Charles E. ; Mead, Edwin 
 R. ; Hogan, M. K. ; Barclay, James; Edgworth, James: Simmons, 
 Z. E. ; Cole, William L. ; Casserly, Bernard; Levy, Isaac; Laws, 
 J. Q. ; Radford, George J. ; Joachimsen, Philip J.; Squire, Prank; 
 O'Donnell, John; Gedney, Edward iX,; Bell. William E. ; Douohue, 
 Thomas J.; Morrow, H. ; Tweed, William M., Jr.; Perley, John R.; 
 Dayton, Isaac; Kelso, James J.; Donohue, Joseph J.; Wightman, 
 L. C; O'Connor, Chris.; Harnett, John H. ; Birdsel, D. C. ; Genet, 
 Henry A..; Hillyer, John H. ; Mitchell, Peter; Cox, John; Corson, 
 Cornelius; Fisher, Thomas R. ; McCabe, Frank; O'Conor, Charles; 
 Oliver, J. W.; Burnett, Gilbert J.; Kinney, Frank; Rogers, W. C. ; 
 Hatch, Simon; Wilkes, George; Coster, John M. ; Moloney, W. H. ; 
 Canary, Thomas; Scott, John; Van Name, John; Murphy. Owen; 
 Sayles, J. L. ; Walsh, John J, ; Burke, E. V. ; Bryant, Neil; Walsh. Ed- 
 ward; Bryant, Dan; Hughes, Henry; Cuddy, Edward; Stiner, Joseph; 
 Smith, Hugh; Kirk, Lewis J.; Nesbit. John; Caulheld, George; 
 O'Donohue; Dennis; Lawrence, Edward; Barnard, John T. ; Watson, 
 James S. ; Barnard, George G. ; Andrews, R. P ; Minor, William B. ; 
 Collis, George G. ; Trainer, Peter; Van Brunt, George B. ; Donnelly, 
 G. L. ; Wagner, F. C. ; Nyse, W. S. ; Andrade, Joseph; Bleakley, 
 Andi-ew, Jr. ; Fields, Richard ; Lawrence, Charles L. ; Chamberlain, 
 John P.; Koch, Joseph; Halsey, B. S. ; Simmons, William S. ; 
 Nelson, Homer A. ; Dimond, James G. ; Barlow, S. L. M. ; Gill, 
 A. N. ; Thompson, A. D. ; Hanna, W. C. ; De Barry, Frederick; 
 Colgan, Thomas; Sturtevant, Newell; Knox, Edward M. ; Ridabock, 
 F. A.; Lane, Edward; Stokes, G. L.; Walsh, P. P.; Roberts, Wil- 
 liam R. ; Alburger, P. A. ; Hennessy, James S. ; Pike, Samuel N. ; 
 McGuire, Joseph; Durye, Joseph N. ; Kane, Robert A. ; Coe, T. P.; 
 Guidet, Charles; Van El ten. Kusmin; McCoUough, R. ; Drake, 
 Isaac J.; Van Tassel, William, King, Henry L. ; Mullins, John; 
 Tripler, Thomas E. ; Bushnell, John C. ; Smith, William V.; 
 Wheeler, Henry N. ; Solomon, Samuel N. ; Punk, August; Sniffin, 
 John ; Jerome, Lawrence R. ; Van Ranst, E. ; MoitIs, Moreau, 
 M. D.; Raphael, Z. Z., M. D. ; Bell, John; Dewey, S Poster; 
 Gray, William H. ; Hamilton, F. H. ; Mott, Jordan L.; Shaw, John 
 C. ; Shaffer, E. B. ; Hows, George T. ; Brennan, Thomas S. ; Bell, 
 James W. ; Wylie, Daniel I. ; Milligan, Phillips ; Lambert, James H. ; 
 O'Callftghan, Thomas' McCarthy, William H. ; Bruner, Peter; M'u- 
 
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2 54 CLUBS OF NEW YOliK. 
 
 omy, George W. ; Redmond, James; Zack, Leander; Childs, Noah 
 A.; Zaucker, Thomas A.; Dennett, Orin; Johnson, A.; Freeman, 
 David v.; Rider, William F.. ; Concklin, Theodore H. ; Soteldo, 
 A. M., Jr.; Herts, Henry B,, Jr.; Lightbody, John; Nichols, 
 Sidney P. ; Page, R. F. ; Lysaght, Patrick; Blauckau, B. W. ; Lewis, 
 Samuel A.; O'Brien, W. C. ; Wallace, Thomas P.; Leary, Andrew; 
 Tweed, R. W. ; Baroelo, John; TreUy, John T. ; Fitzpatrick, Wil- 
 liam; Stodart, William H. ; Heiser, Henry; Beers, George M. ; 
 Cooper, D. F. ; Donnelly, John C. 
 
 The club adheres to the restaurant plan, and is both 
 wealthy in funds in the hands of the treasurer, and quite 
 out of debt. 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
XI. 
 TRAVELER'S CLUB. 
 
 124 FIFTH AVENUE. 
 
 The great war had dragged its slow length along, like 
 Pope's wounded snake, to the surrender of Lee and the 
 end of its historical paragraph. 
 
 It was a year of inflation and a year of collapses; a year 
 of great money-making, and of unusual want with the 
 working-classes; a year when gold went down and gold 
 went up, and men went down and went up with it; a year 
 in which the assassination of a Pi-esident had thrilled 
 and shaken the pulses of the nation until peoj)le shud- 
 dered and gasped, what next? — a year of semi-militai-y 
 and of semi-civil rule, that is, if rulers are ever civil in 
 the proper acceptation of the word; a year in which specu- 
 lation govex^ned Wall street, stalking to and fro, like 
 Satan in the book of Job, and playing fantastic pranks 
 with men's wits and men's pockets as well; a year in 
 which the nation, having writhed for four years appar- 
 ently in articido mortis, was pronounced by Dr. Seward 
 to be convalescent. In a word, it was the year 1865, 
 with its processions, and its funeral never paralleled since 
 the decease of that pet son of thunder, the eloquent and 
 erratic Henry Clay. 
 
 This year was marked in New York by the formation 
 of two clubs, now ranking as lions — the Traveler's Club 
 and the Manhattan. Both occupy splendid residences 
 on Fifth Aveniie, in the annals of club-gestation being 
 
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2s6 
 
 CLUBS OF NEW YOIiK. 
 
 twin brothers. Both had rooms, at their inception, very 
 near together on that aristocratic thoroughfare. The 
 latter still ruminates at No. 96, corner of Fifteenth 
 street : the former soon abandoned the Fourteenth street 
 corner, now occupied by ever-busy Business, for No. 222, 
 just above G. W. Carleton's magnificent palace of letters, 
 only to be driven out by Business in the spring of 1872, 
 and to migrate to No. 124 Fifth Avenue, where the club- 
 house is now situated. Madison square is fast becoming 
 a kind of club-centre — a sort of ganglion of the nervous 
 system of that great bodj' of communism, the separate 
 atoms of which scatter themselves by day into every 
 nook and cranny of the metropolis, to drift together at 
 night at this one central point. In the same sense, City 
 Hall square is the great ganglion of news — the brain of 
 New York, so to speak, where sensations are received, 
 translated, commented upon, disseminated through the 
 whole body politic, and at last packed away in small pica, 
 minion, nonpareil, and brevier — being thus, to carry out 
 the metaphor, remembered. 
 
 The Travelers' has, of course, no very lengthened his- 
 tory, as history is measured by years, though in events, 
 receptions, and gossip, it is older even than the Union. 
 Its receptions have been social events of considerable 
 eclat, never failing to attract from the ranks of fashion 
 and belle-ship : though, of late, the association has waxed 
 phlegmatic, and receptions have been less frequent than 
 formerly. 
 
 It was founded and incorporated under and in pursu- 
 ance of tde act passed April 11, 1865, entitled, "An Act 
 for the Incorporation of Societies or Clubs, for certain 
 social or recreative purposes." Under this act no special 
 bill for incorporation is necessary, as it was in the days 
 of the incorporation of the Century, which became a 
 
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TEA yj-SLEIi'S CLUB. 257 
 
 legal body by special statute. Its original coi-jjorators 
 "were Edward E. Dunbar, E. George Squier, the Central 
 American traveler ; C. D. Poston, Lewis Carr, Honry 
 Grinnell, Sinclair Tousej', J. B. Y/lieelook, Peri-y McDon- 
 ough Collins, John R. Grifiitb, Ehrhard A. Ahl, C. W. 
 Hull, Edward G. Parker, S. Van Winkle, Albert H. Almy, 
 Marshall O. Roberts, Courtlandt A. Sprague, John H. 
 Adam, George G. Hobsou, Jr., George T. Bonner, Henry 
 J^. Pierson, Jr., and William R. Garrison. These gentle- 
 men did hereby certify that they wished to form a club 
 to be named the Travelers' Club. They did also specify 
 that the particular business and object thereof was to be 
 the promotion of literature, the acquisition of knowledge, 
 intellectual improvement, and social relaxation. Of the 
 latter they have availed themselves in plentiful, measure; 
 but the laudable purpose of improving their minds, ac- 
 quiring knowledge, and promoting Hterature, has, of late, 
 fallen into exceeding neglect — though it must be owned 
 in extenuation that the frequenting of clubs is not the 
 very best way on record for improving the mind, albeit 
 there is nothing like it for improving the manners. 
 
 However, with laudable intent thus formally promul- 
 gated — the customary fees having been disbursed — the 
 amiable Justice of the Supreme Court, T. W. Clerke, 
 graciously consented and approved — not only consenting 
 and approving, but incorporating the above-named gentle- 
 men according to law. Be it understood, albeit, that they 
 were first compelled personally to appear before a notary 
 public, in this instance answering to the name of Edward 
 E. Cowles, and to make affidavit that they were them- 
 selves, proving their identity as one proves it at a bank- 
 ing house, and that their intentions were honorable. 
 
 Having done this, and disbursed the proper fees — for 
 this is the way a club is gestated — they were pronounced 
 
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258 LLUn:i OF HEW Y01:K. 
 
 to be a corporate body, being thus Siamesed for the 
 purpose of improving their minds and acquiring knowl- 
 edge. 11 y avail un geant ! 
 
 In this way it happens that, in the fall of 1865, the 
 writer finds the Travelers' Club in occupancy of the 
 premises corner of Fifth Avenue and Fourteenth street, 
 where its first receptions were held. At its inception, 
 one of the principal purposes of the association — and one 
 that rendered it distinctive — was the reception of noted 
 travelers, and their introduction to the public; but, lat- 
 terly, these reception have fallen into comparative senil- 
 ity. Hon. E. George Squier, the Central American 
 traveler, and probably the best American master of the 
 antiquities of that Indian race only remembered in the 
 Halls of the Montezumas and the broiling of G-autemozin, 
 was among t'le first to deliver an address. Since then, 
 other noted travelers have been entertained, entertaining 
 the public in return. Dr. Isaac I. Hayes, the companion 
 of the lamented Dr. Kane, in his attempts to find the 
 North Pole, has delivered interesting and ingenious 
 papers, both on the Arctic flora and fauna, and on the 
 best method of finding that Northern axillar projection 
 upon which the world is supposed to spin like a Titanic 
 top. John Savage, lately Fenian Head Centre, and com- 
 pelled to be a party to all Celtic processions, has related 
 his experiences with that mixing of humor, wit, and 
 pathos, which, like a correct druggist, he can put up at a 
 moment'.s notice on prescription. Stephen H. Massett 
 has here electrified the ladies with his Hyperion curls 
 and front like that of Jove himself — the grim old Olym- 
 pian would take this as a compliment, were he living — 
 and his humorous notes on the Japanese. E. Hepple 
 Hall, who has digested a plan for getting round the 
 world in forty days, has recounted, to select audiences, 
 
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r/:J VKLKK^ CLUB. 259 
 
 the fascinations of travel in Hindustan, and the best 
 metliod of fighting the tiger in his native juugie. Hon. 
 Anson Burlingame, lately deceased, was the lion of the 
 club for an evening- during his last sojourn in America; 
 and the famous African traveler, the author of " My 
 Apingi Kingdom," has here held forth with enthusiasm 
 on the anatomy of the African baboon, and its possible 
 recognition as the embryo man, as which Darwin regards 
 it in his last book. Professor Agassiz, on his return from 
 Brazil, was briefly a guest of the club, and elucidated to 
 its select guests his theory of glacial formation. 
 
 These were palmy days, when the association, or the 
 members thereof, tried to carry out the intent of im- 
 proving their minds, and when the receptions were social 
 reunions of kclat, brought to a climax by feast and was- 
 sail, at which old Jupiter himself, judging from his habits 
 as hexametered by Homer, would not have disdained to 
 hold the post of honor. But, temporal morex ! as 
 Cicero interjected in his most celebrated oration. They 
 have made an end of all that, having settled into a body 
 as quiet as Mr. Mantilini expected to be after taking a 
 bath in the Thames. The club is now very differently 
 constituted. Its literary prestige has mostly departed; 
 and it now struggles for social 'prestige only, its original 
 purpose having become practically a dead-letter. 
 
 As set forth by its founders, in a preamble still pre- 
 served in manuscript, the Traveler's club, as would be 
 inferred from its name, had a distinctive purpose. It 
 jDroposed to effect a combination of the social and literary 
 attractions pertaining to the general club, with the special 
 advantage of bringing together, where their knowledge 
 and experience might be made available to themselves 
 and others, the travelers and explorers of this and other 
 countries : thus to supply a central pivot, about which ac- 
 
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2 6o CLUBS OF XUW TORE. 
 
 tivity in the region of geographical and ethnological 
 inquiry might turn, " In its sphere," remarks the 
 preamble, " it is intended to promote peace on earth and 
 good will towards men, by a more full and familiar inter- 
 course of travelers of all nations." It is evident, there- 
 fore, that in its original spirit it was intended to be cos- 
 mopolitan in the fullest sense of the word — to foster a 
 sentiment of fraternity and cosmopolitanism among 
 travelers and promoters of physical inquiry, both at home 
 and abroad. 
 
 In pursuance of this end, it has already amassed a 
 comjirehensive library of books of travel and of physical 
 exploration, with a valuable collection of maps and draw- 
 ings. Its cabinet contains a collection of minerals, odd 
 works of art, curiosities, and objets de vertu, which, in its 
 way, is both fresh and interesting, as well as available 
 for the solution of knotty problems of geology, ethnology, 
 and comparative sesthetics. Its reading-room is well 
 supplied — in fact, critically supplied — with periodicals, 
 American and European, bearing upon the realization of 
 its original purpose; but its membership is less intellec- 
 tual, though more fashionable, perhaps, than in the days 
 when the literati formed a larger complement of it. 
 
 In organization, the club is, in some respects, peculiar. 
 It has a restaurant, like others; but, unlike others having 
 a restaurant, it keeps no accounts with its members. 
 Payments may be omitted informally; but, when so, 
 members omitting to pay as they receive, are bulletined 
 weekly for the information of the rest. A debt of ten 
 dollars, for two mouths unliquidated, forfeits ipso facto 
 the membership of the party indebted, unless satisfactory 
 explanation is made to the committee. The club-house 
 is not opened on Sundays; and on week-days members 
 cannot claim entrance after midnight. AU foreign min- 
 
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TEA VKLKR'S CLUB. 26 1 
 
 istei's are honorai-j^ members; resident consuls may be- 
 come so upon the nomination of the executive committee, 
 and election by the directory. Persons introduced by 
 membei's are limited to one visit, but must be registered; 
 and, as at the Union, Lotos, and IVfanbatt.'.n, members 
 are not permitted to give gratuities to servants. 
 
 Only mejnbers can play cards in the club-house, the 
 only permissible games being whist and euchre, upon 
 ■which betting is, under penalty of expulsion, limited to 
 one dollar. Billiard tables must not be held for more 
 than two games by the same players. 
 
 Candidates must be proposed by one member and sec- 
 onded by another; but the directory elects by a four- 
 fifths vote. The directory may, however, elect four 
 members a year, though members so elected must be 
 persons of distinction. An annual member may intro- 
 duce a stranger, of residence more than fifty miles from 
 the city, for two weeks, upon becoming responsible for 
 him — said stranger to be provided with a card attested 
 by the secretary. The entrance fee is one hundred 
 dollars; the annual due, fifty dollars. Both are payable 
 in advance. Persons visiting the city may become 
 monthly members by paying ten dollars a month, but 
 must be proposed and elected under the rules. A life- 
 membership may be bought for eight hundred dollars, 
 though the life-member must also be elected according to 
 statute; and any member elected who omits to pay en- 
 trance fee or annual due, within one month, must s^^bmit 
 to have his name erased from the roll, becoming thereby 
 ineligible to after-election. Members going abroad ar._ 
 exempt from the annual, upon notifying the secretary in 
 writing. The directory expels by a majority vote; but 
 the member thus expelled may appeal to the club, and, 
 unless the club sustains the directory by a majority vote. 
 
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2^2 CLUBS OF XEW YOTtK. 
 
 the action of the former body is null and void, and the 
 appellant is restored to full membership. Written speci- 
 fications must, however, be preferred by three persons 
 before the directory can taie action. The number of an- 
 nual members must not exceed five hundred. 
 
 The directory holds weekly meetings — on Tuesdays, 
 always; the annual meeting and dinner of the club taking 
 place on the third Thursday in January, when a new 
 directory is elected. 
 
 The system of organization is as subjoined. A direc- 
 tory, consisting of twenty-one members, fulfills the func- 
 tion performed in the Union by the managing committee. 
 This directory elects from its own members a jDresident, 
 vice-president, secretary, treasurer, general executive 
 committee, and three trustees, in whom the property of 
 the club is vested, and by wliom all transfers are made. 
 The directory body has power to amend the constitution 
 and by-laws; to remove from office; to inter^Dret consti- 
 tution and by-laws, its ruling being obligatory on mem- 
 bers at large; and to make its own rules, not subject to 
 the action of the club. 
 
 It was formerly the custom to elect a finance commit- 
 tee, and part of the directory now acts in that capa- 
 city; also to elect a committee on lectures and recep- 
 tions, but the necessity therefor has been abrogated by 
 the dropping out from the monthly annals of the asso- 
 ciation of the old-time habit of holding levees. One of 
 the last receptions given, in which the old-fashioned ad- 
 dress was the order of the evening, was that extended to 
 Stephen H. Massett, upon his return from the sun-rise 
 land, and occurred in 1868; the last, that extended to 
 E. Hepple Hall after his round the world journey. 
 
 The rooms at 222 Fifth Avenue were occupied in 1867, 
 the association having inhabited the Fourteenth street 
 
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TBA VE LEE'S CLUB. £63 
 
 mansion just two years. Since the removal, tbe roll of 
 membership has been greatly modified, many of the 
 literati haying dropped out, and a large concourse of 
 fashionable young men having dropped in to fill their 
 places. John Savage and Barry Gray (if the writer is 
 rightly informed) were among the original members, 
 but are now connected veith an itinerant club, laying its 
 head at different times in different places, and appro- 
 priately dubbed the "Wanderers' Club. So Massett, 
 whose name is not now on the rolls. Frank Leslie was 
 once an habitue, of the club-house: E. G-. Squier still ap- 
 pears as a member, so Dr. Hayes: but Captain Hall, the 
 coming lion of Arctic exploration, if he ever gets back to 
 tell his story, has not yet been complimented with an 
 honorary: nor has Captain Speck, whose collection of 
 Alaskan antiquities has never been exceeded in value by 
 antiquarian of the decade current, proving, as it did, the 
 strange analogy that subsists between Alaskan and Jap- 
 anese carving, and suggesting an identity of the two 
 stocks. 
 
 The honorary roll includes, however, a number of emi- 
 nent names — names familiar to scientists as those of 
 discoverers. Professor Louis Agassiz very properly 
 heads the list: Hon. Anson Burlingame, late envoy ex- 
 traordinary from liis Celestial Majesty at Pekin, whose 
 recent decease will be recollected, was formerly honored 
 with that distinction: and Paul B. Du Chaillu, whose first 
 books of travel read so like romances that critics mistook 
 them for fiction in the Robinson Crusoe manner; Sir 
 Samuel Baker, of London; Rev. J. C.Fletcher, Professor 
 Raphael Pumpelly, Hon. J. Ross Browjie, Right Rev. 
 Bishop Southgate, and M. Michel Chevalier, lately Senn,- 
 tor of France, are likewise included in the enumera- 
 tion. 
 
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264 CLUBS Oi J\-JiW YOBK. 
 
 The list of membership marks the fact that the club 
 has lost its aroma of cosmopolitanism, as effectually as 
 could any extended comment. Originally intended to 
 afford equal privileges under the rules to travelers, ex- 
 plorers, savans, literati, and artists, and to these only, 
 without regiird to nationality, politics, or residence, its 
 catalogue presents few names eminent in any of these 
 specialties — in fact, few names familiar in the professions 
 so thoronghlj' represented in the Uniou and Century. 
 As a patron of travelers, the name of Henry G-rinnell 
 merits more than passing mention, as one having 
 been made fanJliar in connection with that of Dr. Kane, 
 the pioneer of Arctic explorers in this country, whose 
 narrative is scarcely less fantastic than Poe's fanciful 
 relation of the sailings to and fro of Mr. A. Grordon Pym, 
 the ghastly Falstaff of all travelers, who not only found 
 the South Pole, but plouged through its weird column 
 of mist in open boat. Mr. Grinnell has also been an 
 active patron of Dr. Haj^es in his project for finding the 
 open Polar Sea, as elucidated before the American 
 Geographical and Statistical Society in the winter of 
 1866-67: but what peer of him shows the list? 
 
 Por amateur students of the curious, the monthly 
 membership offers facilities, without the necessity of be- 
 coming a voting member. The cabinet consists of rare cu- 
 riosities, illustrating the productions — animal, vegetable, 
 and mineral — of at present comparatively unfamiliar 
 tracts. In the library is offered material valuable to the 
 comparative philologist and antiquarian, in a pretty com- 
 plete list of books of reference as to the language, cus- 
 toms, manners, geography, and the like, of regions com- 
 paratively occult to the general reader; while the collec- 
 tion of original papers deposited by members, would be 
 well worth printing. The monthly member has the 
 
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TSAVELEKS CLUB. 265 
 
 erdr'ee to all this treasure of notes, rare and curious, as 
 well as all the privileges of the club-house, with the ex- 
 ception of the ballot; aod, although the cabinet is not 
 large, it is the product of intelligent investigation. 
 
 Most eminent travelers who have been members of the 
 club, or have been entertained there, have left memen- 
 toes of their presence; Agassiz having contributed hia 
 picayune, Hayes his, Squier his, and the rest theirs, ac- 
 cording to their specialties. Apingi Paul has left his 
 mark, Massett his; and thus has been aggregated the 
 nut of a cabinet which might be developed into a mu- 
 seum, but is never likely to be materially increased. 
 
 At present the club-house is a leading resort for 
 America-examining Englishmen, and the head-quarters 
 of an English coterie of considerable social importance, 
 though as late as 1868 it still retained its American 
 flavor, as will be seen by scanning the then list of officers: 
 President, W. Butler Duncan; Vice-President, Henry L. 
 Pierson, Jr.; Secretary, William J. Hays; Treasurer, 
 Erancis W. J. Hurst; Trustees, Edward E. Dunbar, 
 Marshall O. Roberts, and John J. Adam ; Executive 
 Committee, Francis W. J. Hurst, William J. Hays, and 
 John Hobbs. Board of Directors consisting of W. 
 Butler Duncan, Henry L. Pierson, Jr., William J. Hays, 
 E. W. J. Hurst, Edward E. Dunbar, John Hobbs, Com-t- 
 landt A. Spraguc, E George Squier, Henry Eyre, Robert 
 Mackie, Henry Griunell, Isaac I. Hayes, Albert Silt, 
 William R. Travers, Erancis Copcutt, John R. Griffith, J. 
 Sefton Brancker, Ferdinand F. Dufais, John R. Webb, 
 Marshall O. Roberts, and Rcbert S. Culburtson. 
 
 As custoinarj', the business of the club is in care of 
 a superintendent appointed by the du-ectory. A clerk 
 keeps the books, attends to the posting of notices, and 
 receives written complaints to be referred to the direct- 
 
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266 CLUBS OF NEW i'OBK. 
 
 ing body. The association has twenty servants and 
 waiters, and has an income of a httle over twenty-five 
 thousand dollars jjer year. 
 
 Francis W. J. Hurst is now president of the club, and 
 James Curphey treasurer. In May, 1872, the second 
 removal took place, the organization now occupying the 
 fine old mansion, No. 124 Fifth Avenue. The British 
 Consul and his set, composing the best Engliish-Americau 
 circle in the city, are lending habitues, and give tone to the 
 reunions, — "while of the initial members many have 
 dropped off tacitly or by resignation; and thus has 
 arisen a club known as the Wanderers' Club, of which 
 John Savage, Barry Gray (Coffin), and a considerable num- 
 ber of the free spirits early associated with the Travelers', 
 are members. The Wanderers have no local habitation, 
 but hold regular meetings at the residences of the various 
 members, and will, no doubt, soon settle into a dignified 
 corporate body, occupying the function vacated by the 
 older organization, now too intent on society eclat to care 
 for intellectual honors. 
 
 Owing to a system of monthly membership, which 
 admits an courant to the privileges of the club-house, the 
 list of members is very fluctuating. 
 
 Henry Tileston is vice-president; Ernest Chaplin is 
 Secretary. The trustees are Ferdinand F. Dufais, James 
 Curphey, and James Lawson, Jr. Executive committee, 
 Robert Mackie, James Curphey, M. W. Wall, Edward La 
 Montague, Edward M. Wright. Finance committee, John 
 Hobbs, James Curphey, Henry Fitzhugh. Directors, 
 Franci.? W. J. Hurst, Henry Tileston, William R Travers, 
 Ferdinand F. Dufais, John Hobbs, J. Sefton Brancker, 
 Robert Mackie, James Curphey, Samuel W. Milbank, M. 
 W. Wall, Fergus Cochran, Davis Johnson, Edward La 
 Montagne, James Lawson, Jr., H. C. Hllmers, Ernest 
 
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TRAVELER'S CLUB. 267 
 
 Chaplin, Joseph Hyde Sparks, Edward M. Wright, Alfred 
 F. Walcott, Henry Fitzhugh, James Douglas. 
 
 LIST OF RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Annan, E.; Alburtis, Edward K. ; Allen, "W. Hoy ce; Appleton, 
 ■William, Jr. 
 
 Brancker, J. Sefton; Buchanan, P.; Brock, Gustav; Bsgoden, A.; 
 Bertschmann, J. ; Balfour, John W. ; Brewster, Louis S. J. ; Bos- 
 worth, George B. ; Bums, James J.; Berry, J. E. ; Barton, Samuel; 
 Babcock, Henry C. ; Browne, George, Jr. ; Brand W. E. ; Beach, 
 MUss ; Bryce, James, Jr. ; Boyd, James M. 
 
 Curphey, James ; Carter, James ; Cochran, Fergus ; Cochran, 
 Eobert; Clapp, Hem^; Chaplin, Ernest; Campbell, Lord Walter; 
 Connah, George ; Castro, Diego De ; Cameron, E. W. ; Clarke, T. O. 
 Hyde; Coggill, Henry; Chanler, John W. ; Crouch, George; Chisolm, 
 A. E. ; Cox, Jennings S. 
 
 Duncan, William Butler; Dufais, Ferdinand F. ; iJobell, Edward; 
 De.'itinon, Emil von; Diivies-, John Try; Donohue, D. 0'; Daris, 
 Fellowcs; Dale, John G. ; Duer, James G. K. ; Douglas, James; 
 Davies, J. T. ; Davis, Ansley S. 
 
 Eyre, Henry; Eyde, Henry W. O.; Evans, Thomas ; Efner, H. W. ; 
 Elmenhorst, W. E. ; Edwards, Pierrepout. 
 
 Fanshaw, William S. ; Fellowes, Biruey; Ferro, Joaquin; Field, 
 Dr. E.G. ; Fitzhugh, Henry; French, S. B. ; Fachiri, Theodore; 
 Francklyn, Charles G. 
 
 Garrison, W. E. ; Gundry, Frederick; Gerard, Edwin; Gossler, 
 G. ; Griswold, Samuel N. ; Garsia, Alfred C. ; Grainger, John E. I. ; 
 Grardner, Henry C. ; Gossler, J. H. 
 
 Hopkins, Charles ; Hobbs, John ; Hurst, Francis W. J. ; Heilbuth, 
 Edward; Hilmers, H. Christian; Haight, C. H. ; Hamilton, George; 
 Hoy, William E. ; Hobson, John L. ; Hughes, J. M. ; Hyllested, 
 Charles; Holland, J. C. ; Hurtado, Joseph M. ; Housmau, Charles 
 H. ; Henop, Louis P.; Henderson, Eobert J.; Hobson, George; Hig- 
 gins, Francis; Hastings, Hugh J. 
 
 Iken, Louis. 
 
 Johnson, Davis; Jordan, George L. ; Jennings, Louis J.; Jaffray, 
 Howard S. ; Jones, David; Jaffray, William P.; Johnston, Eobert; 
 Johnson, F. M. ; Jones, Luther Marnard. 
 
 Eimber, Arthur; Kimber, Alfred; Kendall, E. H. ; Kelly, Horace 
 E. ; Kitchpn, James. 
 
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2 68 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Lockwood, Beiaoni ; Le Quesne, C. J. ; Lounsbery, Bicliard P. ; La 
 Montagne, Edward; Lawson, James, Jr. ; Lapsley, S. W. 
 
 MacMe, Koberfc; Milbank, Samuel W. ; Monsarrat, N. ; Menck, 
 Charles; Marsily, F. A.; Milbank, Henry E. ; Meserole, Charles B. ; 
 Murphy, Samuel; Mackie, S. Frazer; McCandless, Gardiner F. ; 
 Moore, Lucas E. ; McClure, William; Motley, W. H. ; McCulloh, J. 
 AV. ; Muser, Bichard ; Morgan, "W. D. ; MoGowan, Henry D. ; More- 
 wood, W. B. ; Martin, Charles; Mackie, G. B.; Mohr, William; 
 Mallory, Benjamin E. 
 
 Olliffe, C. W, ; Orpe, Join. 
 
 Boston, Hon. Charles D. ; Ponvert, Lewis J. ; Phillips, L. ; Pim, 
 G. F. ; Plume, George T. ; Paton, John. 
 
 Koberts, Marshall 0. ; Kobert, F. ; Rait, C. S. ; Kouth, Henry De B. 
 
 Smull, J. B. ; Schell, Eicliax-d; Stead, Thomas; Seager, John; 
 Scott, George W. ; Sewfll, Arthur L. ; Sparks, Joseph Hyde ; Sy- 
 mington, James; Schlesinger, Berthold; Stewart, William; Satter- 
 thwaite, J. Fisher. 
 
 Travers, William K. ; Thomas. David P. ; TUt, Albert; Torrance, 
 Henry ; Tileston, Henry ; Treheru, Arthur ; Tileston, Thomas ; 
 Thorne, Thomas W. ; Tultle, G. H. ; Townsend, Robert C. ; Toler, 
 W. E. ; Tweedle, David. 
 
 Underbill, John W. 
 
 Vdn Eussum, John P. , Jr. ; Van Voorhis, E. W. ; Van Em- 
 burgh, D. P. 
 
 Wallace, Henry; Walter, L. ; Weir, William; Wall, Michael W. ; 
 White, Alfred C. ; Watson, L. G. ; Webb, Henry; Walker, W. A.; 
 Wiechers, W. A. ; Watson, Walter; Wright, Edward M. ; Walcott, 
 Alfred F.; Wallack, J. Lester; Wilson, Piercy; Watrous, Halstead; 
 Wreaks, Charles F. 
 
 NON-EESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Austin, J. B., Philadelphia. 
 
 Branch, T. B., Augusta, Ga. 
 
 Emery, Joseph J., Cincinnati. 
 
 Frye, C. L., Long Island. 
 
 Gordon, J. W., Houston, Texas; Gibbons, Dr. E., San Fran- 
 cisco, Cal. 
 
 Hilmers, Karl, Orange Co., N. Y. ; Howland, W. H., Toronto. 
 Can. ; Hart, Charles T., Montreal, Can.; Harris, W. A., Boston, Mas5. 
 
 Lewis, Dr. J. B., Hartford, Conn. 
 
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TMATJ^LEJteS CLUB. 269 
 
 MacDougall, G. C, Montreal, Can.; MacDougall, H. S., Mon- 
 treal, Can. ; McKinlay, Archibald, San Francisco, Cal. ; MoNab, 
 Charles, Montreal, Can. ; McEwen, K. P., London, England. 
 
 Preston, James F., Kockville, Conn. 
 
 Raymond, George B., Bordentown, N. J. ; Kice, George T., "Wor- 
 cester, Mass. 
 
 Shawcross, Keginald, New Orleans. 
 
 Tileston, J. D., St. Paul, Minn.; Trenholm, W. L., Charleston, 
 S. C. ;. Thompson, W. W., Altonwood, N. Y. ; Tozer, C. "W., San 
 Francisco, CaL 
 
 Walton, Thomas, Cleveland, Ohio; Welsford, E. A., Baltimore, 
 Md. ; Wattson, John B., Philadelphia; Whitney, J. Parker, Boston, 
 Mass. 
 
 A comparison of the list of members with that of the 
 original incorporators serves to indicate the fact that the 
 club has suffered a metamorphosi? as complete as any 
 versified in Ovid, since the date of its incoi-poration, 
 April 11, 1865, and of its initial winter of exceedingly 
 intellectual receptions, under a directory identical with 
 the incorporating catalogue. 
 
 The directory is liable as a body for all expenses in- 
 curred by the club, having previously sanctioned the 
 same; and members introducing visitors are liable for 
 any debts to superintendent said visitors may leave un- 
 liquidated. The general house rules specify that — 
 
 1. The club-house shall be open at 8 o'clock every 
 morning, and no member shall be admitted after 2 
 o'clock A. M. 
 
 2. No games of any kind shall be begun after 12 o'clock 
 on Saturday night. 
 
 3. All foreign ministers, duly accredited to the United 
 States, are declared honorary members; consuls to the 
 city of New York, upon the nomination of the executive 
 committee and election by the directory, being entitled 
 to the privileges of temporary members. 
 
 4. Any member may introduce to the club, as a visitor, 
 
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3 70 CLUBS OF NEW YOHK. 
 
 a resident of the city; such privilege, however, is limited 
 to one visit by the same individual, whose name must be 
 registered in the book provided for the purpose. 
 
 6. No member shall take from the club-house, or mu- 
 tilate, any newspaper, pamphlet, book, or other property 
 of the club. 
 
 7. No member shall give a gratuity to any servant of 
 the club. 
 
 Life members are admitted upoji due election, by pay- 
 ing an admission fee of eight hundred dollars, which ac- 
 counts for the fact that life members are few. 
 
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XII. 
 THE PALETTE CLUB. 
 
 126 SECOKD AVEirUE. 
 
 In the spring of 1869 a few Oerman artists formed 
 tliemselves into an association to be designated as the 
 Palette. So thoroughly German was the material of the 
 organization, that the constitution and by-laws were 
 printed in German text only; and German was really 
 the only language spoken at the meetings weekly and 
 monthly. For a year or so, nobody heard anything about 
 the Palette Club, any more than as if no club of that 
 name had been in existence. There was a palette, in 
 crimson and gold, displayed somewhere in the vicinity of 
 St. Mark's place, with the effect of occasioning the re- 
 mark from wayfarers that it was a pretty sign, and most 
 had some Hngering notion that it indicated something 
 artistic. 
 
 But here lived a club, governed by a constitution 
 queerly entitled Slaiuten unci Haupt-Oesetze des Vereina, 
 explained and illustrated with a dozen pages of gibberish 
 of the same sort, of which Coleridge somewhere intimates 
 that it is as if all the consonants had curdled into little 
 unpronounceable knots, by twos and threes and fours, 
 quite intended as exercises antidotal of tubercular con- 
 sumption. Translating Artikel 1, that is the Ziveck des Ve- 
 reins, the student becomes aware that this is a club of 
 artists, and has for its intention the bringing together of 
 artists, the reading of papers on artistic and philosophi- 
 
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272 CLUBS OF A'iJW YOUK. 
 
 cal subjects, and the exhibition of art-products by the 
 members, who, at the beginning, -were only nineteen in 
 number. In its first organization, the membership was 
 separated into active and passive members — a queer 
 Germanism for artists and amateurs — after the manner 
 of the Century. The former were expected to afford the 
 materials for the semi-yearly exhibition; the latter to 
 appreciate and buy: for the Germans are practical people, 
 and can see no virtue in a club unless it ministers to 
 practical and utilitarian ends. 
 
 No sarcasm intended. They proceeded upon the very 
 manly hypothesis that the day when artists should sub- 
 mit to be recipients of bounty, had long since passed; 
 that art-products, hke other products of brain and hand, 
 were products having a certain commercial valuation, 
 and to be put in the market and sold on commercial 
 principles. Beally, they were right and manly in their 
 view of the relation of the artist as producer to the buy- 
 ing public as consumer; and, practically, through the 
 intervention of the middle-men, that is, the art auction- 
 eers, this view received recognition even before the Cen- 
 tury was founded. There was a bent old man — a sort of 
 art broker he was — who mediated between the artist and 
 the public in the days of infant New York, having his 
 rooms on the very ground now occupied by the Astor 
 House, and who was accustomed to boast that he had 
 made all the artistic reputations of his daj'. I think the 
 founders of the Palette had dimly in mind, when they 
 framed the first constitution, an idea of eliminating the 
 middle-men, thus bringing the producer and buyer to- 
 gether: for something of the sort is hinted, though very 
 diplomatically, in several of the expressions defining the 
 duties of members, and in the practically business turn 
 given to the exhibitions. If they intended that, however 
 
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PALETTE CLUB. 2 73 
 
 business-like and bargain-driving it may appear, they 
 meant well — well for the interests of art, and better for 
 the interests of artists; and the artistic public owes them 
 for that one step in the rioht direction a vote of thanks. 
 
 Besides active and passive members, provision was 
 also made for honorary members, to consist of gentlemen 
 or ladies who had become noted either as artists or as 
 friends of artists; and thus the classes were completed. 
 
 For a year, or nearly that, nobody heard of the Palette. 
 In fact, it was not until the celebration of its first anni- 
 versary, in the spring of 1870, at Allemannia Hall, that 
 popular attention was attracted to its exhibitions. Both 
 socially and artistically the anniversary was a great suc- 
 cess, taking ranlc with the receptions of the Century in 
 all respects, and with those otfen given by the Union 
 League. The membership was not then over eighty, 
 having been augmented about sixty during the year; but 
 now the Palette had won its spurs, and artists came 
 knocking at the door for admission, in dozens and scores. 
 So rapid was the increase, that the subsequent November 
 (1870) found the club in possession of a membership of 
 two hundred, which, before the second anniversary came 
 round, had risen to two hundred and twenty. 
 
 In the fall of 1870 the former club-house, at No. 17 
 Stuyvesant street, was leased and put in condition for 
 occupancy by the club, for social gatherings and art pur- 
 poses. Here, again, was exhibited the practical German- 
 ism of its ideas; and here a new career was entered upon 
 in the carrying out of one of the original projects of the 
 club, in the organization of a life-school, giving the artist 
 members advantages in the pursuit of their studies not 
 to be attained by a single artist in a solitary studio, and, 
 really, advantages nowhere else offered in New York in 
 equal extent and completeness. The necessary altera- 
 
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2/4 CLUBS OF NEW YOIiK. 
 
 tions were soon made, patent reflectors and other appur- 
 tenances were added at considerable cost, and, in a few 
 weeks, the long abej'ant project was in practical operation. 
 Next in order came the realization of a second project 
 equally practical in its purpose, iu the foundation of a 
 drawing school from the antique; and this, too, was put 
 in operation, with the patient, plodding, persevering 
 adaptation of means to ends so inherent in the German 
 disposition. This last was intended principally for the 
 use of amateurs and younger pupils. 
 
 Thus, from a feeble association of nineteen, with C. F. 
 AHesky as president, Mr. H. Harrison as secretary, and 
 Mr. J. Gast as treasurer, in little more than a year and 
 a half the Palette had blossomed into a powerful and 
 influential organization, somewhat as the Liberal Club 
 has from similar beginnings. The foundation of a 
 valuable library had been laid; standard works, to the 
 extent of several hundred volumes, on art, science, and 
 philosophy, physical and metaphysical, accumulated ; 
 and a reading-room, well-stocked with the best journals, 
 German and American, opened. 
 
 One of the ideas originally excogitated in the heads of 
 the aboriginal nineteen, has not yet been carried out, but 
 will soon assume objective form, in tlie publication of the 
 Palette Monthly, to which every member will be expected 
 to contribute, subject to the decision of a jjress commit- 
 tee. It will be remembered that something of this kind 
 was originally propounded by the Century, but was never 
 carried into effect in print — iu fact, took the form of a 
 Century journal, read and discussed at the monthly 
 meetings, only to be dropped after a lingering existence 
 of ten years. 
 
 The club is somewhat broader in its scope than the 
 Century at first was, and represents the fine arts rather 
 
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P ALETTE CLUB 275 
 
 than what is distinctively termed art. Painting, sculp- 
 ture, building, drawing, music, steel engraving, copper- 
 plate engraving, wood engraving, lithography, photog- 
 raphy, literature, and journalism are particularly well 
 represented in the active membei'ship; while the art-loving 
 public in general falls under the head of passive. 
 
 Having taken possession of the new rooms, a revision 
 of the constitution was entered upon. The officers of the 
 association at this date were: — President, F. Venino; 
 vice-presidents, A. Hookstein and O. Kunatb; recording, 
 corresponding, and financial secretaries, H. Ruhl, M. 
 Eglau, and H. Levasseur; treasurer. Dr. Joseph Wiener; 
 librarians, L. Koeth and G. Hess; board of managers, M. 
 von Mittendorfer, William Kurtz, and Dr. C. Meinecke. 
 On this occasion they did so far abandon the Teutonic as 
 to print the constitution in English and German, in a 
 sort of bi-glot text, and to make provision for the reading 
 of the minutes in both German and English. The new 
 constitution states the aim of the club somewhat more 
 fully, as the promotion of the fine arts, science, and 
 literature, and the support of kindred objects by lectures, 
 exhibitions, concerts, social gatherings, and festivals; 
 also the foundation of a library, reading-room, and art- 
 collection. The membership is limited to artists, authors, 
 and connoisseurs of art, which latter constitute the passive 
 part. Honorarj' members may be elected from pro- 
 moters of art, science, or literature; or from the ranks 
 of those who have been instrumental in promoting the 
 interests of the association. 
 
 The club is governed by a board of managers, one-half 
 of whom are elected semi-annually — elections being held 
 in January and July. This board, consisting of twelve 
 members, elects from its own body a president, iwo vice- 
 presidents, a recording secretary, a corresponding secre- 
 
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276 CLUBS OF KE\Y YOliK. 
 
 tary, a financial secretary, treasurer, and two librarians. 
 The election is peculiarly conducted. The secretary, 
 previous to December 15 and June 15, must send to every ■ 
 member a printed list of all the members, stamped 
 ■with the seal of the association — on which list the mem- 
 ber indicates his candidates for board of managers, and 
 returns it sealed to the secretary within one week. At a 
 meeting of the board of managers these lists are collated. 
 A plurality elects, and the result is announced at the 
 next general meeting of the association. Thus the 
 tedious work of balloting at meetings is avoided, with all 
 its possible details of bickering, canvassing, and election- 
 eering. One-half the board must vacate semi-annually, 
 though the vacating members are eligible to re-election 
 after one term of office shall have elapsed. One-half 
 the board must be artists, and none but artists are 
 eligible to the office of president. Five members of the 
 board constitute a quorum. 
 
 Regular meetings of the club are held on the first 
 Monday of every month, with the following order of 
 business : 
 
 1. Reading of minutes in German and English, 
 
 2. Election of new members. 
 
 3. Hearing of reports and communications from officers 
 and committees. 
 
 4. Proposal of candidates for membership. 
 
 5. Debate and voting upon current regular business. 
 "Twenty-five members constitute a quorum. Social 
 
 gatherings take place at least once a week. 
 
 Candidates for membership must be proposed at a 
 regular general meeting. Names, occupations, and ad- 
 dresses are then registered and bulletined. Upon these 
 names, having obtained all needful information as to 
 manners and njorals of candidates, it is the duty of the 
 
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PALETTE CLUB. 2 '/J 
 
 officers to report at the next meeting — whereupon all 
 candidates recommended are immediately declared mem- 
 bers, unless some member shall call for a TOte, in which 
 case one black-ball in five rejects. This vote is, however, 
 not taken until the next regular meeting, and ad interim 
 the candidate has all the privileges of the club-rooms. 
 
 The subject of expulsion naturally comes next. A 
 member can be expelled on either of these specifications : 
 (1.) For conduct impairing the repiTtation or harmony 
 of the association; (2.) For being in arrears with his 
 dues, or other obligations, for over six months; (3.) For 
 omitting to return j^roperfcy of the club, after having been 
 requested by the officers. The motion for expulsion 
 must be made in regular meeting and cannot be put to 
 vote until the next regular meeting, and not then, unless 
 the delinquent shall have received three weeks' notifica- 
 tion, and has been given ample opportunity to defend, 
 either in person or by proxy. To expel, a three-fourths 
 vote is necessary, and the vote must be, in every case, by 
 ballot. 
 
 It is difficult to understand, however, in what manner 
 a member could defend himself for having evaded to pay 
 so trifling a sum as twelve dollars a year, payable quar- 
 terly, by way of annual dues. The initiation is, again, 
 only five dollars, for which the member proposing is 
 holden : and thus, membership of the Palette is not an 
 expensive luxury, but a cosy and inexpensive comfort. 
 Eminently German all this is, and eminently sensible 
 and just to the toiling artist as well. No glitter, no 
 glamour, no tinsel, no paying for gilding, no mistaking 
 of the shadow for the substance, no ridiculous attempts 
 at stylishness, eclai, and that empty bubble of splendor 
 implied in gloire; but a Germanesque conviction running 
 through everything, that a mug of lager is better than 
 
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2 73 CLUBS OF NEW rojijc. 
 
 an empty decanter of Bohemian glass, or that a cruller 
 is more valuable in the way of protoplasm than a wind- 
 heutel. Ah me ! The world pays more for airs than for 
 the thing itself — more for the bottle than for the wine. 
 
 The whole matter is probably referable to the fact that 
 the Germans are not a sensational people. They toil, 
 they plod after excellence, and having grasped the sub- 
 stantial part of it, are therewith quite content. They 
 are a little grotesque in many things — in decoration, 
 dress, literature, and physical conformation as well; but 
 it is the grotesquerie of strong, salient, positive individu- 
 ality. 
 
 In connection with the art-evolution of this country, 
 therefore, this rather distinctively German association 
 has a real mission, and has set about ' fulfilling it in an 
 earnest and practical way. Its exhibitions have been 
 singularly noteworthy thus far; and as they occur 
 monthlj', there is no lack of them — to say nothing of the 
 great anniversary exhibitions. In the course of them 
 Mr. H. B. Bulling has won distinction in the historical 
 field, his "Battle of Hafursford, Norway, in 872," being 
 really a masterpiiece. Mr. Voght — A. Voght — has taken 
 rank as a vigorous cattle-painter; Tom Gaylord has con- 
 tributed some very brilliant, rapid, and spii'ited outlines, 
 only needing finish, but of great promise; and Mr. 
 Jansen has produced some of the best heads ever .exhib- 
 ittid in New York. Of course in running over the lions 
 of the club, one must not omit the names of S. P. Averj'', 
 F. W. Batteau, Thomas Bauer, the sculptor; the Beards, 
 J. H. and James C. ; Bearer and Bevger, the sculptors, 
 and others of equal note: nor should Knoedler, the art 
 publisher, or Prang, of like occupation, be overlooked. 
 J. Wilson McDonald, who modeled the ideal woman in 
 his " La Sonnambula," a sculptor of remarkable versatil- 
 
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PA LETT J<: CLUB. 279 
 
 ity and of remarkable power in certain walks, deserves 
 also to rank as a lion. Of Nehlig, everybody has heard; 
 and Arthur Lumley is looming forward, and hereafter to 
 stand as a central figure. Then there are Jay, Mas Eg- 
 lau, Entle, Hellwig, Hess, Kaun, Kunath, Kuriger, Knrtz, 
 Lafarge, Lawrie, Lawrence, Mauer, Mueller, Noelle, Nolte, 
 Eeinhart, Robertson, Rochner, Roeth, Roeth, the sculptor; 
 the two Rondels, Rothengatter, Rubl, the sculptor; 
 Thompson, C W., Venino, the two Wuests, and a dozen 
 others, whose names are of greater or less popular famil- 
 iarity. Abram S. Hewitt, whose name is connected with 
 the finest and most exhaustive of all reports of American 
 commissioners at the Paris Exposition, to wit, his very 
 admirable essay on the production of iron and steel — 
 graces the list. Many names of civil engineers and well- 
 known draughtsmen also appear on the roll: many more 
 of persons eminent in the industrial arts, with those of 
 half a dozen jDrofessors, and twice as many doctors. The 
 full membership is now four hundred, exhibiting an in- 
 crease of more than one hundred over the whole list at 
 the ejid of the second year. Yet, notwithstanding this 
 prosperity, due provision is made for the dissolution of 
 the club, which must continue to exist so long as the 
 membership exceeds eight. In event of dissolution, it is 
 agreed that the property of the club shall continue for 
 one year in the custody of the remaining members; but 
 if, within one year, no reorganization takes place, the said 
 property must then be handed over to some organization 
 having a similar purpose. 
 
 The details of organization have now been outlined, a 
 German distinctness appearing in every provision. Thiis, 
 the Palette is an art-school as well as a club, and will, 
 no doubt, have great influence in determining the future 
 bent of American art, and in rescuing it from the sensa- 
 
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2^0 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 tionalism of the Gallic masters; that is, from the rut of 
 the dramatic and spectacular sensational, in the direction 
 of which M. Taine leads, as well as from that of the ro- 
 mantic sensational, as represented by Baudelaire in crit- 
 icism, and by Delacroix in execution, and of which the 
 reader gets an excellent idea by supposing Poe's poems 
 and prose tales transmogrified into art creations. That 
 this determination will be in the direction of quiet ideal- 
 ism, good drawing, and conscientious execution, cannot 
 be doubted; and downright honesty of canvas is a gTeat 
 gain to an artist — almost as great as the apostle counted 
 godliness to a saint. 
 
 The club occupied until 1872, a dim old house on Stuy- 
 vesant street, but held its public/isfes at Arion Hall, in St. 
 Mark's place. The rooms of the association were very 
 cosily though German esquely fitted up and upholstered, 
 and the effect, on the whole, to the American eye, unac- 
 customed to the antique and to bric-a-brac-ishness, was a 
 trifle grotesque. Odd bits oifantasquerie in drawing were 
 scattered here and there. Desks, tables, and the like, were 
 irregularly disposed. But through all ran a sort of 
 rhythm of solidity. Everything remarked, confidentially, 
 "Comfort's the thing — you who run after stylishness spend 
 your time in hunting will-o'-the-wisps." There was no ex- 
 cess of servants and attendants. You co":ld sit and muse 
 for an hour without being disturbed, and had not to make 
 apologies to attendants for not having broken the spirit 
 of jour dream with a glass of lager or the amber vintage 
 of the Rhine, by way of taking your romance in liquid form. 
 
 But I forget while rhapsodizing of this German passion 
 for the substantial — the comfortable in distinction from 
 the showy — that 
 
 ' ' This, all this was in the olden 
 Time, long ago," 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
PALETTE CLUB. ^Sl 
 
 and that the Palette has lately entered upon tne butterfly 
 stage of its existence in a more expensive club-house on 
 Second Avenue, facing St. Mark's Place ; that the days 
 of Rhine vintage by the toby in the ancient Stuyvesant 
 street parlors, dim with age and burdened with recollec- 
 tions, are past, and that the long table loaded with strange 
 German dishes is deserted forever. No matter. The 
 Palette will still be the Palette, for Germans will be Ger- 
 mans. The last list of officers that presided over the re- 
 unions of the club in the old manse, consisted as follows: 
 President, Paul Schulze; vice-presidents, V. NeTilig and 
 J. R. Robertson; secretary, Dr. C. Meinecke; correspond- 
 ing secretary, George Hess; financial secretary, H. Ruhl; 
 treasurer. Dr. Joseph Wiener; librarians, F. Roeth and 
 G. Hess. A board of managers (in addition to officers) 
 constitutes a standing committee and deliberative bo.ird 
 in general. The seal of the association, a palette, orna- 
 mented the door informer days, but at the Second Avenue 
 mansion (No. 126, by the way) the door is painted em- 
 blematically with all the colors of the palette. 
 
 In its new quarters, the club is thus officered : — Presi- 
 dent, William Kurtz; vice-presidents, James H. Beard and 
 C. Buberl; recording secretary, J. F. Engel; correspond- 
 ing secretary, B. F. Reinhart; fiaancial secretary, Julius 
 Gerson; treasurer. Dr. Joseph Wiener; librarians, Clark 
 Bell and Theodore Wuest. Council — William Kurtz, 
 James H. Beard, C. Buberl, J. F. Engel, B. F. Reinhart, 
 Julius Gerson, Dr. Joseph Weiner, Clark Bell, Theodore 
 Wuest, J. R. Brevoort, C. O. Ficht, George Hess, Dr. 
 Robert Newman, J. Oehme, of Goupil's Gallerj ; Napoleon 
 Sarony, of great fame as New York's finest master in 
 photographic art ; P. F. Schoen, Paul Schulze, formerly 
 president; Julian Scott, W. G. Wlieelwright, and Phineas 
 C. Wright. The composition of the several committees is: 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
2 03 VLUSS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Exhibition Committee — J. E. Brevoort, Clark Bell, J. 
 F. Engel, George Hess, B. F. Keinhart, Napoleon Sarony, 
 D. O'C. Townley. 
 
 Art Committee— J. F. Engel, S. P. Ayery, Max Eglau, 
 Julius Oehme, Julian Scott, T. L. Smith, D. O'C. Townley. 
 
 House Committee — ^P. S'. Schoen, Clark Bell, Julius 
 Gerson. 
 
 Entertainment Committee — Dr. Eobert Newman, J. L. 
 Burleigh, Douglas Campbell, P. A. Gerlaoh, James M. 
 Hartshorne, Prof. Walter C. Lyman, E. H. Neymann, 
 Francis Schreiner, W. G. Wheelwright, Phineas G. 
 Wright. 
 
 Music Committee — Julius Gerson, Dr. Leopold Dam- 
 rosch, Felix J. Eben, George Nembach, Dr. B. J. Eaphael, 
 M. A. Ward. 
 
 Eeception Committee — Clark Bell, J. E. Brevoort, 
 Julius Gerson, George Hanft, B. P. Eeinhart, Napoleon 
 Sarony, P. F. Schoen, Julian- Scott, W. G. Wheelwright. 
 
 Literary Committee — Phineas C. Wright, Clark Bell, 
 George Hess, J. D. Smillie, P. Stengel, Theodore Wuest. 
 
 Printing Committee — The three Secretaries and Treas- 
 urer. 
 
 The list of members includes the best active talent in 
 the fine arts and the related professions. Of persons not 
 resident in New York the address is given, and of mem- 
 bers engaged in fine arts pursuits, the particular specialty. 
 The general membership consists mostly of patrons and 
 fosterers of art. 
 
 LIST 01? MSMBEES. 
 
 Alden, H.lSr. ; Allin, Charles M., Doctor; Amsinck, Gustav; Ander- 
 son, E., Photographer; Anderson, E. Ellery; Andrews, Dudley E. ; 
 Andrews, W. L. ; Annssly, E., Albany, N". Y. ; Arco-Valley, Lndwig, 
 Count, Washington, D. C; Aschbach, G-. A., Architect; Aufermann, 
 August; Aufermann, "William; Avery, S. P., Artist 
 
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PALETTE CLUB. 283 
 
 Bagley, J. A., Civil Engineer; Bailey, "W. A. ; Baker, E., Artist; 
 Baker, J. S., Dr.; Balling, H., Artist; Balthasar, E. ; Barker, D. li. ; 
 Barlow, S. L. M.; Bartsch, H.; Bates, W. H.; Batt«ux, F. W., Artist, 
 Brooklyn, L. I. ; Bauernfeiud, E. ; Baumanu, Bud. ; Beard, James C, 
 Artist; Beard, Jame'i H., Artist; Beard, T. Frank, Artist; Beard, W. 
 H., Artist; Bearer, H. F., Sculptor; Beckpr, J.; BeU, Clark; Bell, 
 James "SV. ; Bellew, Frank, Artist: Berger, H., Sculptor; Bernard, 
 LuQwig, Artist; Bertschmann, Jac. ; Bial, Albert; Bierstadt, Albert, 
 Artist; Bierstadt, E., Photographer; Eigelow, J. W.; Billing, F. W.; 
 Binkert, G. A., Lithographer; Bixby, Daniel; Blezer de, J. C, 
 Sculptor; Boevs, Christopher; Boettichsr, Otto, Artist; Boetticher, 
 Paul G., Artist, Newark, N. J.; Bcnfort, Philip; Bonwill, C. E. H., 
 Artist; Booth, George; Bornemann, "W. ; Bowens, T. von. Engraver; 
 Bowlend, George B., Artist; Bozenhart, C, Artist; Brandt, C. L., 
 Artist, Hastings, N. Y,; Braugham, John; Breuning, F, von; Bre- 
 voort, J. E., Artist; Brown, Ammi, Doctor; Browne, G., Jr.; Buberl, 
 C, Sculj)tor; Buchheistsr, C; Burleigh, J. L., Brooklyn, L. I.; Burr, 
 
 E. D. ; B.isse, Theodore; Butler, G. B., Jr., Artist. 
 
 Cahili, E. ; Camp, Vv^ A.; Camp, W. S.; Campbell, Douglas; Car- 
 ter, D. M., Artist; Casey, J. J,; Cassebeer, H. A., Jr.; Chapin, C. 
 H., Artist; Chapman, H. T., Jr.; Chappel, Alonzo, Artist; Charodeau, 
 
 F. A., Artist, Morrisiinia, N. Y. ; Chase, W. S. ; Clark, N. ; Clement, 
 J., Engraver; Clement, Raphael, Artist; Codezo, de, Tomas, Artist; 
 Collazo, Guillermo, Artist; Collender, H. W. ; Com-tois, Charles, 
 Newark, N. J.; Cox, H. T. ; Crane, Albert; Crary, Charles; Crossin, 
 D.Dean; Curtis V. B. 
 
 Daly, Augustin; Daly, Charles P.; Daly, J, T.; Daly, T. J.; Dam- 
 rosch, Leopold, Doctor; Daniel, Gustav; Dannat, "W. T., Architect; 
 Dastler, Fr., Doctor; Davenport, "W. H., Artist; Davies, Theodore; 
 Davis, J. C. ; Deacon, John, Sculptor; Delaoce, Lewis, Engraver, 
 Morrisania, N. Y. ; Denekas, Claus., Artist; Derby, W. H., Eliza- 
 beth, N. J.; De Saples, E., Designer, Boston, Ma.ss. ; Dodge, Eobert; 
 Dolph, J. H., Artist; Du Bois, M. B., Doctor. 
 
 Eben, Felix J. ; Eberspicher, Christopher; Eckstein, M. L. ; Eglau, 
 Mix, Artist; Ehninger, J. W., Artist; Elcbe, F. ; Eidlitz, M., Archi- 
 tect; Ellinger, Morris; Emslie, Alfred, Artist, Palisades, N. Y. ; 
 Engel, J., Artist; Erhardt, Joel B. ; Ertle, A., Artist; Estabrook, E. 
 M. ; Eanson, R. G., Jr., Engraver. 
 
 Fabronius, D. C, Artist; Faerber, Philip; Falkenau, M. ; Fay, K. 
 D., Artist; Ferubach, Henry, Ajrchiteet; Fioht, C. 0., Artist; Fiuk, 
 
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284 
 
 CLUBS OK NEW YOBK. 
 
 B. ; Fitoh, A. T. ; Fitoh, Eonjamin, Darien. Conn.; Fitch, J. L., 
 Artist; Foerster, VV. ; Forbes, E., Artist; Forney, M. N., EngraTer; 
 Fraenfcel, Kudolf, Doctor; Franklin, J. B. ; Frieclbsrg, Abraham; 
 Frobisher, J. E. ; Frost, (Jharles L. ; Puechsel, Hermann, Artist. 
 
 Gaertner, Joseph, Artist; Gariboldi, G. G., Artist; Garsia, A. C; 
 Gay, Joseph E. ; Gayler, Charles; Gaylord, N. M. ; G;iylord, Thomas, 
 Artist; Gebser, Rudolf, Doctor; Geissler, Joseph, Artist; Gemuendev, 
 George; Gerhard, George, Artist; Gerlach, F. A.; Gerson, Julius; 
 Gieberich, F., Artist; Girseh, F., Engraver, Mount Vernon, N. Y.; 
 Goater, W. H., Designer; Goulden, H. P., Doctor; Graef, J., 
 Sculptor; Gregory, P. M., Artist; Grill, L. A.; Gross, Jacob A. ; 
 Gross, Magnus, Gross, M. C. ; Gross, E., Artist, Brooklyn, L. I.; 
 Gruening, Emil, Doctor; Gunnel), W. C, Civil Engineer. 
 
 Haas, M. F. H. de Artist; Hagedorn, Henry; Hahlo, Hermann; 
 Hahn. S., Doctor; Hamburger, Max; Hamilton, W. H. ; Hammer, 
 John J., Artist; Hanemann, J. T. ; Hanft, George; Harney, Charles 
 H. ; Hart, "William, Artist; Hartmann, M., Artist: Hartshorne, James 
 M. ; Hartshorne, R. B. ; Hayes, Isaac, Doctor; Hellwig, Theodore, 
 Ar;ist; Hess, George, Sculptor; Heuel, F., Doctor; Hewitt, Abram 
 S. ; Hicks, Thomas, Artist; Hildesheim, Benny; Hirsch, Leonard; 
 Hirsch, S. ; Hoeber, E. W., Doctor; Hoeuinghaus, P.; Hofmaau, E. 
 F., Doctor; Hohenhausen, H. von, Artist, Astoria, L. I.; Hoheu- 
 hausen, R. von. Artist; Holberg, E. W. ; Holbsrton, W., Artist; 
 Holcomb, A. G., Artist; Homer, Winslow, Artist; Hope, James, 
 Aitist; Horak, Ferdinand; Housman, C. H. ; Howell, W. E., Photog- 
 rapher; Humpnreys William. 
 
 Ingen, H. von, Professor, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; Inten, Perdinand 
 vop.; Irmtraut, Rudolf B., Artist. 
 
 J'aoobi, A., Doctor; Jensen, T., Artist, Brooklyn, L. I.; Joachim- 
 sen, J. P.; Joachimsen, P. J.; Johnson, D. ; Johnston, Archibald; 
 Jordan, G. L.; Jung, Albert, Artist. 
 
 Kaemmerer, Charles, Doctor ; Kaldenberg, F. J.; Kammerer, 
 Joseph, Doctor; Kann, Alex., Artist; Kapfi, Sixt. C. ; Kaufmann, T., 
 Artist, Washington, D. C. ; Kausche, John; Kennett, T. A.; Kessler, 
 A., Doctor; Kilbourne, S. A., Artist; Kimball, J. P.; Kimbel, A. ; 
 King, C. B., Architect; King, J. H., Philadelphia, Pa.; Kirchner, 
 George; Kii-pal, Fred.; Kleb, P., Newark, N. J.; Knoedler, M., Art 
 Publisher; Kuower, B. ; Knox, T. W. ; Koerner, H. F. A. ; Kopetschny, 
 Ottocar, Jersey City, N. J. ; Kopske, W., Artist, Richmond, Va. ; 
 KrackowiEcr E , Doctor ; Kramer, Oscar, Aitist ; Kmtina, F. ; 
 Kunath, O., Artist; Kurtz, William, Artist. ' 
 
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FALETTi: ri.rr.. :;5 
 
 L.ibsap, J. : IJafarge, John, Artist: L\nge. J. D. ; Ija\rrence, W. B. ; 
 La"STie, A,, Artist; Lazarus. J. BL, Artist; Lea-Htt, W. E. : LtCiear, 
 Taimas, Artist; Lee, Gideoj, Carmel- X. Y. : Lee, H. T. . Lehmann, 
 Leopold: LeliTa, Architect; Leslie, Frank ; Leslie, Seipio Lion: Le 
 Vassenr, A., Artist; Ljlienthnl, S. , Doctor; Livingston. C. H. ; Locke, 
 '^. H.; Lorenz, A-: Londolphe, J. H., Designer: Low, W. H., Artist: 
 Lyman, Walter C. 
 
 ilcCifferty. Eobert; ilcCorkle, J. H. ; ilcDonneU, H. ; ilcDougiU, 
 J. .A., Jr., Artist: ilcEewan, John: lIcLelLin, D. il , Boston, Mnss. ; 
 McL^oser, K. ; ilacDonald, J. Wilson, Sculptor : Macdonongh, James, 
 Artist: lliigrath, W., Artist: Marsoall, T. W., Ards!: ilartin, Benton 
 H.; Martin, Homer D., Artist: Martinez, Federicof.. Ardst ; ilauch, 
 Charles, EngriTer; Maner, Sebastian, Artist; ilivbeck, B.. Designer; 
 Meeker, AT. B. ; ileineeke, C, Doctor; Mellick, Andrew D., Jr.; 
 Merz, H., Photographer: MethfesseL O. G., Stapleton, Slaten Island, 
 X. T. ; Meuth, C. A., Arrist, Hartford, Corm.; Michaelis, L. : Miller, 
 C. H.-, Artist; Millner, C. A., Artist ; Mills, S. B. ; Mittendoricr, il. 
 Ton, Architect; Moffit, J. M.. Sculptor; Mohn, Charl-s, Doctor; 
 Monroe, A., Architect, West Point, S. T. : Moore, E. F. ; Moran, E, 
 Artist, Clif;oa, Staten ilsland; Mosler, H, Artist, Cincinnati, 0.; 
 MneUer, George, Artist ; Mneller, X. ; MiieUtr. iE.. Doctor ; Muhr, 
 Hermann, Doctor: Mnllaly, John; Manger. Gilbert, .irtisL 
 
 Seedham, Charles A.; Xehlig, Victor. Artist: Xembach, George; 
 Nenstadt, Jacob; Sewman, iK., Doctor; Xewton, Isaac, Engineer; 
 NejTDann, iEL H; Xieter, H E.; Xieter, iM.; yoite, Angnste, Artist; 
 iSorton, Charles L. 
 
 Oeheme, J., of Gonpil"s; Ogilvie, CUnton, Artist; O'Hara, C. iE.; 
 Oilert, Felix. Engrarer; Ottendorfer, Oswald- 
 Page, K. F.; Page, W., .irri-t: Paillard. A. E. : Parton, A.. -\Ttist; 
 Panlding. J. P.; Perring, C. E.; Perry, E. W., Jr., Artist; Pfeiffer, 
 Carl, Architect: Pickerin. .\. J., Artist: Piguet, iEL E., Artist; Pings, 
 J- B. ; Place, iXelson, Doctor; Polhemus, John; Poppenhnsen, A. ; 
 Poppenhnsen, H C; Potter, W. A., Architect; Power, Matirice J., 
 Artist ; Prager, Sig. L. ; Prang. Loais, Art iPublisher, iBoston, Mass. 
 Badde, Will; P^anft, R. ; Eaphael, B. J.. Doctor ; Eeck, H., Archi- 
 tect; Bcichardt, John ; Eeinhart, B. P., Arrist : Eeinking, Ernst; 
 Eeisinger, J., Designer; Eich, J. B. ; Eichard, David, Sculptor, 
 Greenpoint, L. L; Eitchie, A. H., Artist; iKoberts, A. W., Artist; 
 Robertson, J. E., Artist; Eoebbele, iH.; iBoediger, T., Doctor ; Koeh- 
 ner. W, Artist; Eoehsler, Charles, Lithographer; Eoeth, F.. Artist; 
 
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2S6 CLCBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Eoeth, L., Sculptor; Rondel, F., Artist, New Eochclle, N. Y. ; Roudsl, 
 Louis, Artist; Kosenburg, C. G., Artist; Eothengatter, Emil, Artist; 
 Eoudobush, C; Eyder, P. P., Artist. 
 
 Sand, M., Artist; Sarony, Napoleon, Artist; Sauer, Emil; Schaffer, 
 A., Engiaver; Schaus, H., Art Publisher; Sohlecht, Charles, En- 
 graver; Schledorn, J., Artist; Schloozer, Dr. Kurt von, Washington, 
 D. C. ; Schmidt, L, AV.; Schoen, Paul F., Architect; Schreiner, 
 Francis; Schultz, C, Artist; Schulze, Paul, Architect; Schumacher, 
 T., Lithographer; Schumann, H. ; Sohwabe. Auguste, Artist; 
 Soliwendler, Fred.; Scott, J., Artist; Scott, W. \V., Artist; Seavey, 
 L. W., Artist; Shelton, G. F., Artist, Newburgh, N. Y. ; Shcrsvood, 
 J. H.; Shiff, H., Doctor ; Sieber, C. A.; Silva, F. A., Artist; Sim- 
 ro;k, Francis, Doctor; Smillie, J. D., Artist; Smith, Frank J. ; Smith, 
 G. W. v., Springfield, Mass.; Smith, Mark; Smith, Sol; Smith, T. 
 L.; Smythe, C. G. ; Snedecor, John, Art Publisher; Somerville, 
 Eobert; Spring, E. A., Sculptor; Springmann, F. A.; Steiger, E. ; 
 
 Stein way, Theodore; Stengel, P.; Stone, Oliver, Artist; Stroefer, T. ; 
 
 Stursberg, \V., Jr. ; Stymus, W. P. ; Sullivan, Arthur T. ; Swerchesky, 
 
 G., Doctor; Symington, J. 
 
 Taussig, Gabriel ; Terry, E., Artist ; Thomas, H. A., Artist; 
 
 Thomayer, Theodore; Thorp, E. B.; Thorpe, T. B., Brooklyn, L. L; 
 
 Thurston, S. H. ; Tooley, James W. ; Townley, D. O'C. 
 
 Uhl, Hermann; Ulke, Henry, Artist, Washington, D. C. ; Ulrich, 
 
 F., Artist; Ulrich, P. 
 
 Vance, Fred. T., Artist, Palisades, N. Y. ; Vandenhof, George; 
 
 Vanderlip, G. M. ; Venino, Albert; Venino, Franz, Artist; Volk, 
 
 Charles. 
 Waeber, G. A.; Walker, James, Artist; Wanier, G. S. ; Ward, J. 
 
 Q. A., Sculptor; Ward, M. A.: Warker, E.; Warker, Thomas; Waud, 
 
 W., Artist; Weber, A., Architect; Weber, Albert; Weber, John, 
 
 Architect ; Weber, Louis, Architect ; Weidenbach, Auguste, Artist, 
 
 Brooklyn, L. I.; Wells, W. E., Doctor; Weiidt, C. E. ; Wesandonck, 
 
 Max; Wetmore, Auguste, Jr.; Wheeler, A. C. ; Wheelwright, W. G. ; 
 
 White, A.; Widmayer, W., Civil Engineer; Wiener, Joseph, Doctor; 
 
 Wiley, Franldin ; Will, A., Desguer; Willis, George ; Wilmarth, L. 
 
 E., Artist; Wilmurt, T. A.; Wolde, George; Wreaks, Charles; Wright, 
 
 J. A., Artist; Wright, Phineas C. ; Wuest, Theodore, Artist. 
 Zwetsch, Ludwig, Engraver. 
 
 The new club-house has all the artistic half-light 
 that rendered the Stuyvesant street quarters so dream- 
 
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PALETTE CLVB. 287 
 
 like, and is fitted up with the same quaint regard to 
 fantwiquerie. 
 
 "A. place in which to fall into reverie," you say, hav- 
 ing just glanced about, " and to forget yourself in, amid 
 the surges of ever-restless New York. A nookish, moody 
 interior, which has all the dimness of one's remotest and 
 most intangible fancies; and is, hence, strangely fitted to 
 call them hovering" about one's brain. Nothing like it for 
 a day-dream^-for going down by oneself into one's own 
 soul, with now and then just a semi-conscious penciling 
 by the way." 
 
 Digitized by Microsoft® 
 
XIII. 
 ARCADIAN CLUB. 
 
 62 UNION' I'LACB. 
 
 Lounging lazily in the office of the Humdrum one dozy 
 October afternoon, when sky and earth appeared to be 
 on terms so remarkably intimate that it was difficult to 
 tell which was which, gOHsiping low-tonedly with two gen- 
 tli;iiien, one an edilor, the other a profesHor: seorn both, 
 and rnakars to soo, though in qnite difrerent ways : the 
 one a kind of editorial Aristotle, now thinking, now 
 dreaming, the other a Plato in modern life, thinking and 
 dreaming together: the one talking drowsily of l/ruhm, 
 and finding in Hindu niminittions the solution of all 
 speculative problems, the other finding the same in Hor- 
 beit Spencer: the one with a sense of art-form sonjewhat 
 overslaughing the sense of the higher beautiful, with the 
 art-sight keener than tlie insight, the other with the 
 seiise of the higher beautiful breaking over all rules of 
 art-form, with the insight keener than the ai-t-sight: the 
 one unpractically practical, the other practically im- 
 practicable: the one a dreamer detesting day-dreams, and 
 a poet ridiculing jjoets, the other a dreamer loving day- 
 dreams pour passer ie ifrnp:^, dreamy but not flightly, 
 mystical but not rhapsodical: the one remote from life as 
 it is, but imagining himself therewith intimate, the other 
 remote from life, and content to be remote and little com- 
 prehended : both with beads packed full of dream-work, 
 and keeping up a sort of double living — a living of money- 
 
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MCCADIAX CLUB. 2S9 
 
 ruaking and world-battle, and a li^-ing individual and 
 ideal: both seeing life through spectacles of their own, 
 aud thus profoundly original, yet imagining that life is 
 as they see it, and mistaking the spectre in the mind, the 
 retina-phantom, for the actual fact. Gossiping low- 
 tonedly with these dreamers two, now on the latest kink 
 of speculative ijhilosophy, and whether with some new 
 convolution of the ever and ever in complexity increasing 
 brain, would not come a new comprehension of things ; 
 now on life-ideals and topics: kin, and whether the ideal 
 was not after all the real, the actual the illusive. Gossip- 
 ing thus the conversation finally turned, the day being 
 Arcadian, upon the lately founded Arcadian Club, and 
 whether, past experiences accounted, the newspaper-man 
 was of clubbable disposition whereupon the Plato of 
 the two reaiarked that there was possibly some inherent 
 opposition between the ehranlement (which, according to 
 Madame de Stael, is the father of all that is beautiful in 
 the arts), and the clubbable disposition — the one tending 
 to frenzy fine, the other to peacefulness and repose, that 
 is, hrahm-vinvdi: the Aristotle of the confab venturing to 
 suggest, after gazing for some seconds into vacancy, 
 and finding nothing there worth mentioning, that very 
 likely the newspaper-man, being a distinct species, lacked 
 certain convolutions of the brain which other people had, 
 and that the question was one to be settled only by dis- 
 secting a sufficient number of newspaper heads to estab- 
 lish or disprove the pioposition inductively. 
 
 Nevertheless, I think it was finally accepted that the 
 newspaper-man did lack certain convolutions of the brain 
 that other j'^op^^ had, or had certain that other people 
 lacked, the excess or lack determining his consciousness 
 in the direction of certain eccenti-icities, among them a 
 very clever faculty for inventing wonderful fictions and 
 
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290 CLUBS OF XEW YORK, 
 
 passing them off as sober and ascertained facts : thus 
 conclusively establishing the identity of the ideal and 
 the actual, and saving the philosopher of the future a 
 great deal of troublesome cogitation- — for, this one point 
 established, philosophy could boast a basis logical and 
 natural, as haply, heretofore, it has been unable. 
 
 It was the kind of weather in which to daj'-dream and 
 talk low-tonedly and in desultory bubbles and scraps — 
 mere passing memoranda of the momentary mood — a 
 soft haziness edging the jutting eaves, rectangular smoke- 
 ways, and jagged relief of daily life, with a kind of at- 
 mosphere beautifnl: just the kind of weather in which 
 odd shreds of poetry one . has not thought of for 
 months, suddenly occur to one, and in which vague fan- 
 cies and imaginings, vague longings and unpractical ru- 
 minations, bubble up from inner deeps one knows not of 
 till the day comes, and the weather; in which one talks to 
 oneself with a sort of impression that there are two of 
 him, and, on looking about for the other, is astonished to 
 find there is only one of him, and in which one would 
 sooner get along without the after-dinner cigar than pre- 
 sent a bill for services rendered. Fortunately, this kind 
 of weather comes not often a year: did it, business would 
 be at a stand-still noA^ and then, when it ought to be 
 going on like clock-work: and having no other advantage 
 of the poor human clocks it keeps ticking than that it 
 never runs down, while they, poor things, not only run 
 down in due season, but, having done so, can never be 
 wound up and ma^e to tick again — ^besides occasionally 
 getting rickety before thej' run down, and requiring a 
 great deal of expensive tinkering. 
 
 No matter. The day being Arcadian, Arcadian the 
 weather. Arcadian the fancies playing hide-and-seek in the 
 crannies of one's brain in consequence of the weather, it 
 
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AJSCA D/A lY CL UB. 2 9' 
 
 was but natural that a club excogitated at this dream- 
 season of the year 1871, should take a dream-name of 
 some sort; and thus, I suppose, came the term Arcadian 
 as the name of a club, though it may possibly have arisen 
 from another association, that of an Arcadian with the 
 pipe, sub tegviine fagi, for the Arcadians of old are re- 
 puted to have been skillful with that instrument, though 
 not to have used it to excess. Gone, the season ! Gone, 
 the dream- life 1 
 
 ' ' Vel qucE, Tiberine, videbis 
 Funera, cum tumulum prjeterlabere recentem 1" 
 
 Give me handfuls of poems, purpureas spargam flares. 
 Gone, the season and the dream-life — ^left are the Arca- 
 dian, and the symposium not altogether Platonic! 
 
 Lotos and Arcadian : both stuff for dreams. The one 
 excogitated in spring-time, when Nature was taking her 
 break-of-day drowse, previous to getting up and going 
 about business; the other suggestive of Nature indulging 
 in a half-light reverie in a sort of crimson and scarlet 
 dressing-gown, previous to putting on her night-cap and 
 going soberly to bed, after a hard summer's work. The 
 one reminding of a land where it is always afternoon of 
 a day in the last of June, when one can almost hear the 
 music of corn growing, the mystic throes of buds toiling 
 into blossom; the other of a land where it is always 
 about eight o'clock in the morniTig, with the dew still on 
 the meadow grass, and the world rubbing its eyes and 
 brushing away cobwebs of dream, before buckling down 
 to the day-struggle. The one somehow reminiscent of 
 Egypt and crocodiles, lisping palms and Arabs, of long 
 and lotos-eating days of kcff, in which even the lazy 
 hours loiter in shady nooks, and the wind holds 
 its breath in sympathy with the general doziness, and 
 
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2g2 CLUBS 01 NEW YOBK. 
 
 seems to be listening to something; the other of vivid 
 Greek life, with its shepherds, 
 
 "Piping on hollow reeds to their pent sheep, 
 Calm be my Lyra's sleep,'' 
 
 of Pindar, of Orphic song, of lost Milesian tales, of a life 
 growing into sculpture or breaking into sinuous hexa- 
 meter waves. The one mystic, the other beautiful, both 
 symbolical. 
 
 But a truce to rhapsody and reclame. The age will 
 nothing but facts. Facts in every style, as the restaura- 
 teurs say of oysters. Facts stewed, facts broiled, facts 
 fried, facts roasted, facts scolloped, facts on the half shell: 
 only so they be facts, with no unpleasant allusions to the 
 sky-powers or other supernal trumpery so doated upon 
 by the grandfather. 
 
 So facts be it, with no more of this wine-sauce of rheto- 
 ric — for the modern man of letters, hke the scientist, 
 
 " Is but a mill for grinding facts, 
 That, mixing that and thi.s, 
 Fills np the grist whene'er it lacks 
 With crude hypothesis;'" 
 
 and it is not worth the while to vary from the rule in so 
 minor a matter as the desciiption of a club, facts being 
 solid food, fancies mainly after-dinner smoke. 
 
 The tendency to dissension and consequent segrega- 
 tion which attacks clubs composed in the main of litlerc- 
 teurs, artists, musicians, and actors, has been remarked 
 upon; and without a binding power of ordinary business 
 men, such associations have hitherto proved very ephem- 
 eral. When disputes arose in the Lotos, it was the 
 practical business element that saved the club from dis- 
 solution; and the cohesive power of the Arcadian is 
 mostly centred in the same. Men who carry worlds of 
 their own inside of their heads, are not apt to herd sons- 
 
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ABCADIAN CLUB. 2y3 
 
 ibly. The reason why litterateurs are not clubbable is 
 thus obvious, and not so uncomplimentary as might be 
 supposed. The literary faculty — of all the creative men- 
 tal energies the most powerful, because the least depend- 
 ent upon the accessories of color, of form, of sound, of 
 action — is seldom dissociated from overbearing egotism. 
 Indeed, great creative power in fiction, using the word in 
 its largest sense, as an equivalent for poiesis, is great 
 though higher egotism, and little else; egotism so over- 
 mastering as to insist upon expressing itself, so active 
 as to be forever day-dreaming, forever lotos-eating; ego- 
 tism, that sees life through its own spectacles, and is long 
 in learning that life is infinitely broader, deeper, freer, 
 and more various than any mere poetic plan thereof, ex- 
 cogitated in a single narrow cranium; egotism (like that 
 of Dickens, of Hawthorne, of Poe, of George Sand, of 
 Victor Hugo, of George Eliot, of Goethe, of Carlyle, the 
 latter's " Frederick the Great " being regarded as the 
 most colossal work of fiction produced in this century), 
 that hues and colors hfe, moulds and sculptures it, to the 
 ever-present spectre of beauty in the mind, and re-creates 
 men and women, often bringing out the deeper real in 
 human life by so doing, oftener perhaps, unless the in- 
 sight is as exceptional astheoriginalty, obscuring the same, 
 and hooding it about with vague and mystic hazes: as 
 preeminently did Hawthorne, whose types of human life 
 are sculpturesque and motionless spectres, lacking 
 vitality, lacking progress, lacking dramatic conscious- 
 ness — fixed, colorless cloud-people, with vague resem- 
 blances to people of greater specific gravity ! In its very 
 constitution, the literary faculty is isolated, self-centred, 
 introspective. They who possess it, being neither grega- 
 rious nor social with the heartiness of other human ani- 
 mals, fall less easily into societies or aggregations, and 
 
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 by virtue oi a certain intensity of egotism, yield less 
 readily to the control of general rules. Jealousies are 
 engendered; the cohesive force being weak, secession re- 
 sults. It may be said that irregularity of habit deserves 
 more prominence than is here given to it, as a determin- 
 ing cause; but I apprehend that even this determining 
 cause is determined by the unbridled self-consciousness 
 of the literary or artistic (the creative) faculty. In either 
 event, the result is the same, and one may be pardoned 
 for adopting the kinder rationale of the two. The segre- 
 gation of the Lotos was from the beginning certain : un- 
 less quite free and unconventional in its social aspects, the 
 ultimate segregation of the Arcadian is almost equally 
 certain, toilers after the hero-man being very apt to shirk 
 the duties of the man common. 
 
 The rivalry between the two clubs, perhaps I ought 
 to term it emulation, seems quite natural under the cir- 
 cumstances, though a trifle amusing. The Lotos captures 
 Rubinstein, Wieniawski, Edmund Yates, James Anthony 
 Froude; the Arcadian captures Miss Kellogg, and re- 
 captures' Froude, for a trip to the islands of penance, to 
 which that gentleman submits with resignation beautiful 
 enough to entitle him to the notice of the next Pox who 
 shall write a " Book of Martyrs," virtually saying — 
 " Gentlemen, the popularity of my lecture series is 
 somewhat dependent on the press, and you see I take 
 it gracefully, expecting from virtue its own abundant re- 
 ward." The Lotos having captured a couple o± poets, 
 John Hay and Joaquin Miller, the Arcadian casts about, 
 and, finding- no poets to capture, naturally insists (and 
 very justly, as it happens) that prose is the higher art 
 after all. 
 
 Another "Iliad" shall struggle like this be termed? 
 
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AXCADIAiY CLUB. 295 
 
 Or a modern " Battle of Progs and Mice," in which both 
 get the worst of it, and the public is amused ? 
 
 Indeed, and unfortunately, with a view to profit from 
 the notoriety of the struggle, sundry obscure and rather 
 uncultured young gentlemen, with a fatal facility for 
 scribbling, saw fit to start a journal of piquant paragraphic 
 lampoons, entitled the Arcadian, hoping thus to find for 
 its projectors some brief and ephemeral rescue from 
 obscurity, as editing the supposed organ of a club : the 
 wonder being that others similarly obscjure did not ex- 
 cogitate a weekly to be known as the Lotos, for which 
 the occasion ofiered equal ox^portunity, with a name 
 equally romantic, in this way foisting similar lack of 
 culture upon public attention. 
 
 Failed of tae coveted eclat they of the Arcadian, as they 
 of the Arcadian deserved : for, if there be one special de- 
 partment of metropolitan journalism, in which unculture, 
 conceit, and freshman callowness are already quite too 
 liberally represented, it is that of dramatic and musical 
 criticism: it being one of the convictions of the aspirant 
 young gentleman yearly coming to New York, that he is 
 endowed with a special gift for the criticism of art, music, 
 or the drama, in the instance of either of which long and 
 intelligent study of the masters must have reinforced real 
 aptitude, before the critic can be counted competent. 
 Having certain vague longings, a certain vaguo ideal of 
 the excelling, which he mistakes as fitness for the func- 
 tion, the young gentleman forgets that, while the ideal is 
 the metre of what art in the abstract should be, in the 
 concrete the position of an exponent is something to be 
 determined by comparison. One must have listened to 
 the great i^n-me donne of the past thirty years, MaHbran, 
 Caradori Allen, Grisi, Alboni, and others, or at least to 
 
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296 CLUBS OF XEW YOSK. 
 
 all the great of the present, before one is competent to 
 fix the position of Lncca; to Thalberg, Von Bulow, and 
 other piano masters, past and present, before criticising 
 Rubinstein; indeed, to masters in every department, be- 
 fore assuming to determine what is mastery, what not: 
 and this being exactly what the said young gentleman 
 has not done, his attempts at criticism are somewhat 
 shallow, uncertain, and unscientific, besides smacking a 
 little of egotism. Aptitude he may have, but here culture 
 is even more important than aptitude. The art-insight 
 is not so very uncommon in American critical circles; but 
 though the intellectual basis of criticism, it is quite in- 
 adequate to the work, without culture, which sifts, tests, 
 compares, probes, discriminates. 
 
 With great artistic faculty, great talent for the stage, 
 great lausical gifts, what assiduous culture is necessary 
 to complete the mastery ! With great natural insight 
 similar assiduity of culture mxkes the critic: study, on 
 the one hand involving profound comprehension of the 
 philosophy and laws of art, involving on the other mastery 
 of its facts and practical understanding of its rules: and 
 for lack of this come transposed phrases from advertising 
 pamphlets distributed by managers and purveyors, and 
 uncertainty of work — puff and pander to-day, cuif and 
 slander to-morrow. 
 
 Goethe somewhere, in one of his apothegmic moods, 
 remarks to this effect — that every man of fame, were he 
 closely questioned, would be compelled to admit that, 
 among the men of his acquaintance unknown to popular 
 bruit, he has found greater than among the known and 
 confessed literary masters; and another poetic celebrity of 
 the Weimar school puts the same apothegm thus, in 
 stanza: 
 
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ARCADIAN CLUB. 297 
 
 "Kemember aye the ocean deeps are mute, 
 The shallows roar; 
 Worth is the ocean, fame is but the bruit 
 Along. the shore;" 
 
 while Byron, -with a picturesque directness, and a mag- 
 niloquence of sound trily his own, embodies the idea, 
 and a cynical dash of Byronic egotism with it, in some- 
 thing like this : 
 
 " There have been poets who have never sung. 
 Because they did compress the God within them, 
 And scorned to lend their thoughts to meaner beings — " 
 
 which is certainly unphilanthropic on the part of the 
 poets, and quite un-Byronic besides: since, so far from 
 scorning to lend his thoughts to meaner beings, the author 
 of "Don Juan" and "Manfred" was not in the least 
 averse to selling them outright at the highest market 
 quotation. 
 
 The thought presented in the three citations is, though, 
 eminently applicable to newspaper criticism, in distinction 
 from the silent culture centred about clubs like the Union, 
 Manhattan, Century, and Traveler's. If there have been 
 mute Miltons, as many and glorious, there have been 
 mute critics many more, though not more inglorious; for 
 if the highest intellectual working, now and then, wrapt 
 in self-contemplation, and forever followed by its own 
 shadow, as the intuitive consciousness is, neglects to ex- 
 press itself: ruminates and makes no sign: more fre- 
 quently still is the making of no sign associated with the 
 less intuitive, therefore less self-active, critical intellect. 
 If there be many a dumb Shakespeare or Shelley, there 
 are many more dumb Carlyles, Emersons, and Whipples; 
 for the gift of criticism is less self-energizing than that of 
 production or of creation, and therefore more likely .to 
 make the life-journey without gossiping by the way. 
 
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29« CLUBS OF iXJSW YOllK. 
 
 A priori as this conclusion is, it is borne out by facts: 
 nowhere more cof^ently than by the one fact that the 
 criticism of New York, whether in Hterature, the drama, 
 music, or art, is not representative of its mosthberal cul- 
 ture, and has half fallen into the hands of a number of 
 young gentlemen able to review a book without reading 
 it, to write an essay on the drama without knowing what 
 is really dramatic, to talk learnedly (or bookishly) of 
 painting without being able to tell a daub from a Van- 
 dyke. A few phrases like " truth to nature,'' " realism," 
 " sensationalism," " perspective, '' " foreshortening,'' 
 " Rembrandt mastery of shadow," '■ Titian manipulation 
 of color," and " German dualism in art:" and forth steps 
 a full-fledged dictionary of critical terms, prepared to 
 blunder blindly, but with great apparent erudition, 
 through any duties that may devolve upon him, from 
 Lucca, Nilsson, and Kellogg as Margherita in "Faust," 
 to Rubinstein, the piano-magician; from the Metropoli- 
 tan Museum of Art to "Wieniawski, the violin- wizard; 
 from George Eliot's last novel to the latest history of 
 speculative philosophy; from. Butler's "Nothing to 
 Wear" to Darwin's "Descent of Man;" from Edwin 
 Booth as Hamlet, or Miss Cushnjan as Meg Merrilien, to 
 Aimee in the last opera bouffe, or John Brougham as 
 King Carrot. 
 
 With these gentlemen the latest is always the greatest; 
 the largest advertiser, the most consummate master of 
 his art. Nilsson present is diva, in the etymological 
 sense of the term; Nilsson absent degenerates into a 
 somewhat superior singer. Lucca here, and such a 
 prima the world saw never; Lucca passes hence, and, be- 
 hold, Lucca was second-rate, after all. It is a drama of 
 ebb and flow ; a comedy of over-estimation succeeded by 
 under-estimatiou; a niacj,w-like repetition of " Le roi est 
 
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AliCADIAX CLUB. 299 
 
 viort, Vive le roi;" an unreal garble of tbe real called criti- 
 cism, by retail dealers in fictitious reputations, termed 
 critics, and classed among tlie formative intellectual 
 forces. A new jjoet, and the publisher issues his pam- 
 phlet eulogy; a nev/ prima donna, a new pianist, a new ac- 
 tor, and the manager issues his. Thus far it is natural 
 enough: the publisher having a pecuniary interest in his 
 Joaquin Miller or Bret Harte; the manager, in his Lucca 
 or Rubinstein. But when the so-called critic seizes upon 
 the pamphlet of either as a sweet morsel, rolls it under 
 his critical tongue, expunges a passage here, transposes 
 there, adds a few eulogistic adjectives elsewhere to the 
 sufSciently nauseating dose, and reproduces it as elabo- 
 rate and carefully cogitated criticism, then there may be 
 trifling doubts as to the propriety of his conduct, the in- 
 tegrity of his intentions, the soandness of his culture; 
 and that this farce of taking the publisher's verdict on 
 his poet, or that of the manager as to his prima donna, is 
 enacted daily, is overwhelmingly proved by the too fre- 
 quent coincidence of the critic's cleverest phrases with 
 those of the pamphlets distributed. 
 
 Has culture any rights that newspapers are bound to 
 respect ? This is the question that a moralist would be 
 likely to ask, imagining perhaps that moral cousidora^ions 
 are of some little value in this commercial age — which, by 
 the wiiy, is an imagination not alwaj-s justified by cur- 
 rent events. Mammon has rights, gammon has rights, 
 and the rights of both are quite enough respected. 
 Culture has none that a hundred dollars or a promise of 
 patronage can not buy — none that, in the current or- 
 ganization of the department of criticism, cannot be 
 overridden. It is not pretended that the potency of the 
 dollar is direct in its modification of so-called critical 
 opinion; but though indirect and tacit, it is none the 
 
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300 CLUBS OF KK)V YORK. 
 
 less all-ruling. Not criticism, but notice: not criticism, 
 but notice. Thus they, both manager and publisher; 
 and not very far distimt is the day -when the critical col- 
 umn will become snnply a higher advertising, unless cul- 
 ture and integrity come to the rescue. Indeed, in some 
 quarters, that result has already been practically at- 
 tained — for, except from the general mass who review 
 books, a few critics like Mr. Eipley, Mr. J. E. Thompson, 
 E. H. Stoddard, Grant White, Mr. George Perry, Mr. 
 Bowker, und Prof. Fraser, not a dozen in all, and the 
 rest are either incompetent by want of culture, or by too 
 steadfast regard for commercial equivalents. 
 
 There are, who will cry scold in view of these alle- 
 gations; but those best acquainted with the facts, either 
 experimentally or by observation, will, perforce, confess 
 their justice, being aware of instances too many in which 
 their justice has been demonstrated. Of but one gen- 
 eral and adequate demonstration it behooves here to 
 take notice. It has not eluded the observation of the 
 moat uncritical that the newspaper verdict as to the 
 merits of a work of fiction, of a dramatic representation, 
 of a prima donna, is often quite the reverse of that ren- 
 dered by cultured readers and cultured hearers at large. 
 The instance of the d'ehat of Miss Janauschek at the 
 Academy of Music several years since, than whom act- 
 ress was never more enthusiastically and lengthily puffed 
 by the great dailies, is in point; for with all her splen- 
 did elocution, and the wordy encomiums thereof, the cul- 
 tured sense of New York was conscious of a lack, and 
 the Academy was half vacant after the first evening. 
 
 Discrepancies like these are common enough in cul- 
 tured circles, and represent the protest of enlightened 
 opinion against reclame — opinion that invariably works 
 its way by conversation, by contact, until it leavens the 
 
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ARCADIAN CLUB. 301 
 
 ■whole lump, and finally creeps into the newspapers: 
 first, by naeans ol communications addressed to the edi- 
 tor, which are never printed, because to print would le 
 to stultify whole columns of preexistent drivel, but which 
 serve to put that gentleman thinking; lastly, by way of 
 editorial estimate • in brevier, in which, disregarding 
 dreary galleys of critical minion or nonijareil, the paper 
 virtually says to the public, "Gentlemen and ladies, the 
 editor has come to this 'conclusion, after long and care- 
 ful cogitation, and hastens to fulfill his obligations to his 
 subscribers by disseminating the same." 
 
 With Nilsson, Janauschek, and whom not of the cata- 
 logue, this bit of by-play has been played annually; and 
 that culture has its own way in the end, even in 
 the current newspaper criticism, by no means jus- 
 tifies or excuses the discrepancy at the beginning: 
 nor in any way palliates or pardons the delinquency 
 of the critic by whom the average popular mind is 
 governed, at least in its first impressions. The force 
 of the fact — that current criticism is not fairly represent- 
 ative of the best musical, dramatic, or literary culture — 
 is not blunted by such tardy recognition of the i-ights of 
 the latter, and tells with fatal effect in the making up of 
 the general European estimate of the American public, 
 supposing the culture of that public to be fairly repre- 
 sented in the higher walks of journalism. For example, 
 when the European thinker sneers at American litera- 
 ture as clever but unreal, oiiginal but unsubstantial, 
 mortifying to the national vanity as the admission is, 
 that thinker simply describes the inevitable result that 
 follows the American divorce of literature from culture; 
 for it is culture that prunes, tests, probes, compares, 
 sifts, dissects, and winnows the crude originations of the 
 intellect, preserving this, dropping that into the waste- 
 
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3°^ CLUHn UF yE^y yobk. 
 
 basket, and bringing into artistic body, as vital as beau- 
 tiful, the well-winnowed materials of the imagination; 
 and, rating the City Hall Square lillerateur at his just 
 average, his work is not yet thorougly representative of 
 this quality. Grains of gold there are in the quartz of 
 his journalism of the arts beautiful; but the milling and 
 assaying powers of his intellect are inadequate and com- 
 paratively inactive. He thinks rapidly, often oi-iginally, 
 often powerfully, too often in accord with certain com- 
 mercial interests; but his thought is not edited by cul- 
 ture: hence, too frequently ridiculous in its distortions 
 of the real, and nowhere more lamentably so than in the 
 department of criticism. 
 
 If, therefore, the Arcadian club shall prove an acad- 
 emy and centre of culture, as seems its tendency, it will 
 not have existed in vain, nor will its function have been 
 so stinted as to leave it no reason for being ; for open 
 here stands a door of usefulness, and a way to power 
 and position, which, I apprehend, must have already oc- 
 curred to thoughtful members like Mr. Eobei-t Carter, 
 Mr. Oliver B. Bunce, Mr. George Perry, Prof. Fraser, 
 and others, if not to the consciousness of the general 
 body. 
 
 But to the history of the association, which is quite 
 brief, begging pardon for this long and somewhat ram- 
 bling preamble, and for occasional digressive penciliug.s 
 by the way, hereafter. 
 
 In the fall of '71 rumors of dissension in the Lotos 
 were in popular circulation; and the cau-ses of such dis- 
 sension were vaguely hinted. The primitive purpose of 
 the association had been — so said — lost sight of, and the 
 Lotos was drifting towards the habitit of the club gen- 
 eral, as represented by the Union, Manhattan, Harmonie, 
 and others: was, indeed, passing through the same stage 
 
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AliCADIAN CLUB. 303 
 
 of transformation which, in the course of the years 186G 
 and 1867, having reduced the Travelers' to a mere so- 
 ciety body, resulted in the droppingf off of the profes- 
 sional element as represented by Frank Leslie, E. George 
 Squier, and many more, whose names are household 
 worlds in literature and journalism. There was quarrel, 
 too, if I mistake not, and heat of passion as well as smoke 
 of words; for professionals, are somewhat remarkable 
 for warmth of temper, and inapt to submit to crosses, 
 say nothing of being shorn of authority in a club, by 
 themselves and for their own pleasuring founded; and 
 some hints of the battle crept into the newspapers, thus 
 awakening popular curiosity, and some trifling expecta- 
 tion of a sensational event in the form of a club- war. 
 Those keen-scented and lynx-eyed setters and pointers 
 of the pennj' press, the sensation reporters, were on the 
 qui Vive, and ke]3t eye on No. 2 Irving Place, with pencil 
 and note-book armed; but the battle went on dignifiedly, 
 and nothing occurred with which to point a paragraph 
 or adorn a verbiferous tale — nothing, at least, of the 
 dramatic quality so doated on by those gentlemen, 
 nothing to occasion a call upon the president by Sir Per- 
 tinax McMaunder, the professional interviewer. In fact, 
 pellets of protest were called into requisition, which fail- 
 ing to move the flinty hearts of the non-professionals, 
 the formation of a new club was mooted, and a circular 
 explaining the disaffection and suggesting that solution 
 of the difficulty, was printed and distributed soon after 
 the annual election. 
 
 As the document is temperate and thoughtful in its 
 tone, it is here reproduced as a fact of club-history. Its 
 signers were the Hon. Henry G. Stebbins, Mark Smith, 
 H. D. Palmer, WiUiam Stuart, W. P. Talboys, A. C. 
 Wheeler, F. A. Schwab, William E. Travers, Leonard W. 
 
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304 ■ CLUBS OF NEW YOMK. 
 
 Jerome, Constant Mayer, E. Morau, Gilbert Hunger, G. 
 W. Carleton, Thomas J. Hall, George D. Waring, F. B. 
 Ogclen, Colonel Charles E. Dodge, John R. Garland, 
 Spencer W. Coe, J. H. Magonigle, Aynesley Cook, 
 Henry Tissington, A. Randolfi, T. E. Baker, Charles Rob- 
 erts, Jr., O. C. Berger, J. A. Stow, James Pech, Max Maret- 
 zek. Napoleon Sarony, Benjamin Gurney, W. H. Elder, 
 T. W. Meighan, E. L. Gaul, N. Hart Jackson, Edwin 
 Booth, S. L. M. Barlow, Max Strakosch, J. M. Bundy, 
 Daniel Kingsland, George W. Hows, L. Israels, William 
 Henry Hurlburt, George Hayens, Arthur Lumley, Ju- 
 lian Scott, F. C. Bangs, Myron A. Cooney, Frost John- 
 son, Clarence H. Livingston, Tom Karl, Henry Clews, 
 Isaac H. Bailey, Henry Jarrett, S. C. Campbell, W. S. Leg- 
 gat, Louis Engel, Albert Weber, F. G. Gedney, F. S. 
 Cavalli, George Simpson, R. E. Piguet, F. G. Ger- 
 lach, M. D. Larrowe, Charles Saiitley, U. H. Crosby, 
 Joseph Howard, Jr., Clifton W. Tayleure, and William 
 Castle — comprehending the best dramatic, artistic, criti- 
 cal, and musical talent of the city, as the attracting cen- 
 tre about which was to be arranged the new organiza- 
 tion. 
 
 In this way ran the circular, giving a full history of 
 the difficulty as preamble: 
 
 " Publicity having been given in a vague way to the fact that there 
 is disaffection among the members of the Lotos Club, it is deemed 
 advisable by some members of that club to make a statement of the 
 causes and probable results of that disaffection in behalf of the pro- 
 fessional gentlemen who may belong or who contemplate belonging 
 to the association. 
 
 "This is done with the purpose of .setting themselves right with 
 the professions, which, in the original formation of the club, were 
 intended not only to have adequate representation therein, but to be 
 its dominant and di.stinctive feature. 
 
 " The following extract from Article 1 of the Constitution will 
 
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ARCAIHAS CLUB. 305 
 
 sufficiently indicate the original intention : ' Its primary object 
 shall be to promote social intercourse among journalists, literary 
 men, artists, and members of the theatrical profession, and at least 
 one-half of the members of the club shall be gentlemen connected 
 directly or indirectly with the said professions.' 
 
 "This clause gave distinction to the Lotos. There was no club 
 in the city expressly loi-med to bring joumalistB, actors, and artists 
 together. It took its shape and color from the Saviige and Junior 
 Garrick, of London. It opened co respondence with those clubs 
 alone, and unusual courtesies were passed officially and semi-offi- 
 cially through the actors who were constantly passing from the Eng- 
 lish to the American metropolis. Its walls were hung with the por- 
 traits of eminent players, and its earliest acquisitions were contri- 
 butions from that class. It became a resort for men engaged in 
 literary, dramatic, art, and musical labors, and its promise was that 
 it would continue to be a social centre where men actiTely engaged 
 in aesthetic pursuits could meet together unembarrassed by the regu- 
 lations of more conventional circles, and enjoy the fellowship of each 
 other, and of a congenial class of men, who, if not actively engaged 
 in the same pursuits, were at least qualified for membership by 
 liberal tastes and some degree of sesthetic culture. 
 
 "It will thus be seen that this clause in the Constitution was 
 operative in establishing the bias and success of the institution. 
 But the error involved in the paragraph was soon to become appa- 
 rent. It placed no restriction, save a numerical one, upon non- 
 professional members. Instead of the professions drawing a liberal 
 class of amateurs, they drew to the club members whose sole wish 
 was to be entertained. Young men engaged in business pursuits 
 desirous of contact with actors, singers, and artists, availed them- 
 selves at once of this opportunity to obtain entrance into what was 
 generally considered to be an exclusive circle. The non-professional 
 element in the club not only grew disproportionately, but it arrayed 
 itself gradually against the professional. Instead of preserving the 
 primary peculiarity so well expressed in the phrase social inter- 
 course among journalists, literary men, and members of the theat- 
 rical profession, the club gatherings became thronged by a dilettamli 
 class. The entertainments lost their impromptu and voluntary at- 
 mosphere. Actors and singers were brought to the club to be ex- 
 hibited rratuitously to an expectant tiirong of elegant idlers. It 
 soon ' ecime apparent that the feeling entertained toward these 
 
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 artists was not one of fellowship but of empty patronage. WhOe 
 they were good enough to enter ain they were not good enough to 
 have any control of the club. This unfortunate condition of affairs 
 could have but one result. The theatrical and musical artists with 
 any self-respect withdiew their moral influence fiom the club, others 
 were scattered about the country, filling proftssional engagements. 
 
 ' ' There was, however, always available, and generally present at 
 the club-house, a free and easy crowd with no special duties other 
 than convivial ones, and into the hands of this crowd the manage- 
 ment of the Lotos must sooner or later fall, by reason of the demo- 
 cratic principles of its organization. 
 
 " The antagonism was first given shape two weeks prior to the 
 last annual election, when an effort was made by the ambitious 
 party to disbar the theatrical members by rescinding the rule under 
 which they were allowed to vote by proxy. The result of this, fully 
 premeditated, must have been to throw the election and the club 
 into the hands of the non-professional members, a large proportion 
 of the others being absent. Indeed, such was the result, for al- 
 though the friends of the actors succeeded by a hard fight in defeat- 
 ing the anti-proxy move, the election went by default owing to the 
 apathy and disgust of the men who s-aw the club quietly passing out 
 of their hands, and who, as a class, were far inferior as political 
 workers to their opponents, being desirous less of a continual squab- 
 ble for power than of quiet, well assured and -permanently main- 
 tained. 
 
 "By the organic law of the club, its government inheres in the 
 majority and is renewed every year, and it appears to some members 
 of the Lotos Club that this is not a wise provision for the fostering 
 of professional fellowship or ffisthetic repose. Their experience 
 nndcr its rule is that instead of coming to a la,nd in which it seemed 
 always afternoon, it on the contrary always seemed twelve o'clock 
 at night, and a peouharly boisterous nigh' at that. 
 
 ' ' It was with this understanding, therefore, that part of the diffi- 
 culty was traceable to the defective organization of the club, that the 
 professional party went into the annual canvass with a platform of 
 reorganization based upon the original objects of the association. 
 They placed the well-known name of Col. H. G. Stebbins at the 
 head of their ticket for the Presidency, and completed the list of 
 officers from the professional men in the club who were believed to 
 Lest represent their several guilds. The opposition was without 
 
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ARCADIAN CLUB. 307 
 
 definite purposes, except those expressed by its leaders, which were 
 to enlarge the membership irrespective of the qualifications of men, 
 and to defeat the members who were working in the interest of the 
 artists. It, however, placed the name of Col. Stebbins on its ticket. 
 As soon as the result could be predicted — which was that the oppo- 
 sition would be victorious, owing to its availabb, not to its numeri- 
 cal strength — Col. Stebbins, and the whole professional ticket with 
 him, withdrew from the canvass. 
 
 " In his letter of declination he stated explicitly, that having con- 
 sented to serve as executive officer only with the hope of furthering 
 the objects of the club as originally conceived, he conld not consent 
 to act without the support in the Board of Directors of his friends 
 pledged to the same endeavor. 
 
 "This movement was not the result of caprice or personal disap- 
 pointment. It was a well-considered step, and the only one left to 
 the friends of the artists, that would lead to a proper understanding 
 of the issue . The men elected as ofi&cers of the club are, with few 
 exceptions, unknown to the dramatic aud musical professions, and 
 they have, np to this time, been unable to find a representative man 
 willing in the present condition of affairs to accept the office of 
 presidenc3% which, therefore, remains vacant. 
 
 "The directors evidently have no weE-defined object but to make 
 the Lotos a social organization, weakly following in the Ibotsteps of 
 the Manhattan and Union, or turn its whole professional tendency 
 in the direction of pictorial art, and thus make it competitive in a 
 small way with the Century and the Palette, while it is destitute of 
 the special adaptations of either. 
 
 " On the other hand, it is claimed that the success and the promi- 
 nence of the Lotos were due to the club advantages offered to artists 
 who never before had a club in this country. Journalists, actors, 
 singers, and artists, being brought together, it was new and bene- 
 ficial and interesting. So soon, therefore, as the present directory 
 took its place, the members before referred to called a reunion of 
 artists outside the club-house, and the unanimity with which the in- 
 vitations were accepted well attested the perfect understanding they 
 had of the situation. Every person present at the Fifth Avenue re- 
 ception felt that it was an opportunity to meet with fellow-workers 
 in kindred arts npon a social footing, and the spectacle presented 
 was a realization for the first time of the very object for which the 
 Lotos was formed. The effect of that reception was two-fold. "With 
 
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308 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 the professions it operated to unite them against the party with 
 ■whom they were valued only as the entertainers, and not as the 
 equals, of u, number of young gentlemen of hixurious tastes, biit 
 strictly unprofessional habits, and made them desirous of a new or- 
 ganization. With the public, who gave the iclai to the Lotos, it re- 
 sulted in a new rush to the club of elegant idlers. The ultimate 
 result it is not hard to foresee. Disappointed in not meeting with 
 the associates they sought, they "will drop out again, or contribute 
 of their habits and funds to increase the momentum with which the 
 organization is traveling away from its original starting point. 
 
 " With the Lotos Club, however, the members previously referred 
 to have no quarrel ; they believe its future position to be iixed, and 
 its success as a purely social place of resort, to be all but assujfed. 
 But with the primal objects of the club still in view, and with -the 
 desire to secure those objects in the most direct, most undemon- 
 strative and most permanent manner, avoiding the errors that the 
 Lotos has brought to their knowledge, and retaining the respect and 
 co-operation of journalists, literary men, artists, and members of 
 the theatrical profession, they have determined to take the initial 
 step toward the formation of a new club, and in that behalf solicit 
 the good will and the membership of all workers in art and litera- 
 ture, who feel the need of fraternity and fellowship, and who believe 
 that art and literature, however humbly professed, will bring a 
 pleasant atmosphere of their own to social intercourse." 
 
 The foregoing manifesto, though embodying the pith 
 and geiat of the controversy in one of its aspects, omits 
 an important element in determining its direction: that 
 of the exceeding disaffection in certain a[uarters oc- 
 casioned by the omission of Mayor Hall to send in his 
 resignation as president, directly after the galling expose 
 that broke the supremacy of the so-called Tammany 
 ring and covered its members with infamy; and that, 
 having thus become a proverb, any gentleman should 
 have persisted in maintaining his official connection with 
 a club, many of the members of which were known to 
 prefer vacuum to his company, is a proceeding difficult 
 to understand and discrepant with courtesy, particularly 
 
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A BCA DIA y CLUB. 3^9 
 
 at a crisis when the Union Club menaced expulsion. 
 The question, argued the disaffected, was one into which 
 the merits of the case did not enter ; Mr. Hall might or 
 might not be guilty of malicious and intention! neglect 
 of his duty as a member of the Board of Audit; but, 
 whether so or not, it was his duty, in courtesy, to with- 
 draw from his official position in the club, if not to with- 
 draw altogether: and the members thus holding were 
 certainly justified in expecting that extent of deference 
 to the geutlemanhood involved in the matter. Mr. 
 Hall had generously consented to offer his resignation 
 as a member of the Union, when doubts existed as to the 
 right to expel: libel — and until proved the allegations 
 circulated were libel — not necessarily involving or pre- 
 suming conduct unbecoming a gentleman: and a Hke 
 generosity in the instance of the Lotos, if courtesy under 
 difficulties may be called generous, was rationally ex- 
 pected of him. 
 
 Again, that the allegations of the circular concerning 
 the tendency of the club were not wholly just, is proved 
 by the after election of Mr. Whitelaw Keid to the presi- 
 dency of the Lotos, though that was, mayhap, due to 
 a wish to maintain the prestige of the association. But 
 that sundry brainless members, claiming or assuming to 
 represent a certain social position, did behave with un- 
 pardonable insolence and superciliousness, is, I imagine, 
 quite indisputable, and of all things offensive to the self- 
 respecting journalist, artist, or man of letters, the pre- 
 tentious patronage of so-called amateurs, wealthy 
 but often ill-bred, is most so. Long these self-supposed 
 patrons of the arts appear to be in learning that men of 
 letters, artists, musicians, and actors are not, in the pres- 
 ent constitution of things, uniquely dependent upoa 
 them as individuals, or even in collective body. Snub 
 
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3fO CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 the poet, and he betakes himself to City Hall Square and 
 its journals, and quietly waits for the recognition of the 
 public; snub the aspirant in fiction, and he takes his 
 novel to a down-town weekly, and is read directly by a 
 hundred thousand; snub the pianist, and he appeals to 
 the public, and wins all the sooner for having been 
 snubbed. Journalists, not amateurs, now hold the keys of 
 the Pantheon; and to snub them as "mere scribblers, 
 you know," is to get snubbed in return just at the criti- 
 cal joint of your fortunes, when you can least afford it, 
 as many a pretentious patron to his great grief has found. 
 The fame of the poet, the artist, the actor, the musician, 
 has ceased to hinge upon his playing the roh of jester to 
 some tyrannical patron-king, oi-ganization having entered 
 the world of the beautiful — a Midas transmuting poetic 
 dreams into gold. Talent is capital, the products of 
 which find a market with the general public in the same 
 manner as other commodities: the poet, the novelist, the 
 artist, and the actor now work for humanity at large, not 
 for sporadic patrons — their bank-accounts depending 
 upon the recognition of the former, not upon the capri- 
 cious fancy of the latter. 
 
 " My lord of Fifth Avenue," says the exponent of the 
 beautiful, in whatsoever function, "buy my book, like 
 nay impersonation, laud iriy painting, treat kindly my 
 fingering of the piano keys or my mastery of fiddle- 
 strings, just as suits your fancy. I am master of the 
 situation; it is the public, not the isolated patron, that 
 determines my fame and the extent of my bank-account; 
 but, hj all means, whether you like or dislike, disabuse 
 your self-consciousness of the notion that you have any 
 power in the determination of my destiny. You are no 
 Hiero to whom I am to play Pindar, no Macsenas to whom 
 I am to toady as Horace, no high lady for whom I am to 
 
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ARCADIAN CLUB. 31I 
 
 harp as troubadour, no King Louis -whom I am to arcuse 
 as Moliere. You are some centuries too late, and should 
 have lived before taste and culture had waxed demo- 
 cratic. Spare your feeble attempts to humiliate: it is 
 almost half a century since art, letters, music, and the 
 drama promulgated their declaration of independence. 
 Sneer, my dear fellow, it is the one thing you are capable 
 of doing well." 
 
 Gentlemen of society, bankers, stylish young men with 
 vast ideas of personal importance, amateurs, and pat- 
 rons! City Hall Square is the brain of New York, of the 
 continent, and it is one of the laws of the world that 
 brains will rule. Rebel as muscles merely of the body 
 politic, and ye rebel against inexorable law: that scrib- 
 bling litterateur in the fifth story — for newspapers like 
 men have their brains in the upper story — is more potent 
 than you in settling the artistic position of a Lucca or 
 a Rubinstein, a Dickens or a Dore, a Tennyson or a 
 Carlyle. Have ye ever read a wonderful little ballad by 
 Uliland, entitled the " Minstrel's Curse "? If not, read 
 it, and thereupon ponder. If so, recall it — for it is typi- 
 cal, not of that which comes by-and-by, but of that 
 which is: the exponent of the beautiful having become 
 in his way an autocrat. Unfortunate it is that journal- 
 ism is not always representative of the best culture — 
 that managing editors will now and then entrust criti- 
 cism to incompetents; but its popular power is quite the 
 same, notwithstanding, and this good the popular news- 
 paper has wrought, to wit — that the exponent of the arts, 
 media of culture as they are, is no longer dependent 
 upon the caprices and whims of isoLited patrons, nor 
 hampered in his freedom of expression by canons of 
 theirs. This good, if it follows out the bent of the 
 declaration of principles quoted, that gave it being, the 
 
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3 ' 2 CL VBS OF NKW YOMK. 
 
 Arcadian Clnb wiE insist upon impressing upon the pub- 
 lic mind, and unmistakably emphasizing, thus command- 
 ing the' hearty and sympathetic cooperation of profes- 
 sionals everywhere, and the enforced respect of the once 
 powerful patron-class; for though, in a great commercial 
 mart like New York, cash is king, and trade minister of 
 state, yet, as a cash-coining comirodity, brain is scarcely 
 infei'ior to ordinary capital; and those who have seen 
 fortunes woven like webs inside a brain-stocked cranium, 
 to take objective form as the years crawled by, know 
 well how shifting is the aristocracy of cash — how liable 
 are the straggler at the rear and the cash-captain in the 
 van, to shift positions in the shock and tumult of the 
 life-battle. Liiteraleurs and artists have ceased to be 
 Bohemians and dependents; and this is an important 
 step in the direction of real progress. The means of this 
 progress were insignificant at first. When James Gor- 
 don Bennett and Horace Greeley were struggling re- 
 porters, little did the money lords of the day dream that 
 two powerful engines of progress were to result from be- 
 ginnings so small, or that other engines of the same kind 
 were being forged in the great workshop of Destiny; that 
 finally these engines and others similar would become 
 the determinants of public opinion, though pulpits, ros- 
 trums, lecturers, and cognoscenti should oppose in a body. 
 Little did the art-auctioneers of then imagine that, by 
 selling daubs from Dusseldorf, and the worst possible 
 copies of masterpieces, they were educating popular 
 taste: for little did they comprehend the law that the 
 sense beautiful is but the exponent of an ideal that de- 
 mands better and better, and instinctively discriminates, 
 and that thej were hastening the date when the sense 
 beautiful would reject daubs — art only in feeling — and 
 insist upon art in execution as well. Little did Robert 
 
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ABOADIAN CL UB. 313 
 
 Bonner imagine, when he made the Ledger an exponent of 
 original fiction, that his journal was to become — pardon 
 the metaphor — the nutrition of the native novel during 
 the quarter-century of its formative stage, while preten- 
 tious publishers were ostensibly waiting for it to grow, and 
 practically retarding the ripe result by circulating reprint 
 English romances, and leaving American fiction to take 
 care of itself. , 
 
 Feeble means these, in the beginning; but during the 
 past thirty years they have prepared the ground, sown 
 the seed, and fostered the blossom of the first really 
 republican and popular culture that the world has wit- 
 nessed. With what result to men of letters and artists ? 
 This one important result — that the Arcadian Club 
 mere] J' formulates an independence and autocracy long 
 since dimh' apprehended, but not before so pointedly 
 expressed. But, Mr. Essayist, says the reader, are you 
 not contradicting the position taken some pages since, in 
 a discussion of the relation of culture to true criticism ? 
 I think not — for, while I have frankly admitted that these 
 newspaper forces are not representative of the finest cul- 
 ture, I have said enough to suggest that they have 
 founded a new culture, broader, larger, and more demo- 
 oi'atic, but not as yet so complete in structure, or so deli- 
 cate in discrimination. I confess the imperfection of 
 journalism au coitrani, particularly as it relates to the arts 
 beautiful, poetry, music, the drama, painting, and sculp- 
 ture. But secular journalism in this country, saying 
 nothing of a kind that may be termed journalism of the 
 sensations, has fallen into several very distinct types — 
 journalism of facts and current phenomena of life, as 
 founded and represented by the Herald; journalism of ob- 
 servation, ideas, progTess, and its literary exposition, in 
 which foremost stands the Tribu/is, the World next; 
 
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314 CLVBS OF XF.W TOUK. 
 
 journalism of native fiction, of which Mr. Bonner must 
 be regarded as the founder, and the Ledger as the lead- 
 ing exponent; journalism of illustration, in which Frank 
 Leslie occupies a similarly eminent position as founder 
 and pioneer, and in which he still ranks foremost; jour- 
 nalism of culture in its social, literary, and art aspects, 
 long and discriminatingly represented by the WOlis-found- 
 ed.Home Journal, ably by Appleton's Journal and the Na- 
 tion (which, however, indulges in an adulteration of poli- 
 tics), by the Evening Post and Evening Hail among the 
 dailies, bj' the Galaxy and Harper's periodicals, by the 
 Sunday Times, the Sunday edition of the Times, and 
 many more; journalism of music and the drama, art, and 
 belles letfcres — the blossom of culture. In all of these 
 types except the last. New York is eminent, and City 
 Hall Square its brain. The last is yet in its tentative 
 stage — speculative, uncertain, inorganic, unedited, often 
 inconsistent: else would gilded bird-cages never pass 
 muster as exemplars of the building-art, daubs as paint- 
 ings, passable singer.^ as prime donne, elaborate grim- 
 acing as action, toy sugar-work as sculpture. Remember, 
 however, in extenuation, that the new culture must have 
 years in which to grow and blossom, and will, in its very 
 constitution, develop new art-impulses more in harmony 
 witli itself than the exhausted impulses, now feebly ex- 
 pressing themselves in current art, and having no definite 
 relation to modern life: for poetic and profound as it 
 seems, when Dr. Holland finds a prophecy piercing the 
 ages in Laocoon and the legend, it is nevertheless true 
 that all emotional impulses, aesthetic or religious, exhaust 
 themselves in blossoming beautiful, and give way to new 
 impulses, originating new arts or new religious symbolism, 
 in no way foreshadowed by the old. The sculpture- 
 impulse was practically exhaixsted by the Greeks; the 
 
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ARCADIA X CLUB. 3' 3 
 
 Gothic-impulse, by the Middle Ages; the painting- 
 impulse, except in landscape, by the seventeenth cen- 
 tury. The dramatic now flickers and wanes in feeble 
 mediocrity; the music-impulse, accordiag to Rubinstein, 
 has passed the era of great masters, and is waning into 
 the same mediocrity as that represented in the current 
 drama by current actors. The art-instinct is perma- 
 nent; art-impulses are but waves breaking along the cen- 
 turies. The justification of art is that the life and dream 
 within forever tend to objective expression — that the 
 ideal must have its real, the soul free itself in creation: 
 but the form is governed and directed by the culture 
 through which the soul frees itself; and as a new culture 
 must produce new arts and new art-impulses, a criticism 
 comprehending the tendencies thereof and obeying them 
 rather than traditional canons, is indispensable. Nor is 
 it hoping over sanguine to expect from the free inter- 
 course of the coming men of journalism in the salons of 
 the Arcadian, a growing recognition of these deeper 
 laws of art-progress, which will never occur in the Cen- 
 tury, because of its relation to the antique. 
 
 The membership of the club is remarkably strong in 
 musical and dramatic criticism, but less so in that of let- 
 ters and art. The list includes the names of George 
 Perry, a critic whose discrimination, thorough mastery 
 of details, keen aesthetic insight, fine culture, and profound 
 grasp of the philosophy of imaginative production, justly 
 entitle him to the van, particularly in relation to poetry 
 and art ; R. B. Bowker, of the Evening Mail, who is 
 something of a Poe in analytic skill and the faculty for 
 the satirical, with an integrity of intent that Poe had 
 not ; 0. B. Bunce, of Applelon's Journal, both cultured 
 and analytic ; Joseph Howard, Jr., of the Star, with the 
 culture and the taste needed for the thorough critic in 
 
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3'^ CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 music and tLe drama, marred, unfortunately, by some- 
 what excessive iiipijancy of style ; Mj'ron A. Coouey, of 
 tlie Herald ; George W. Hows, of the Express, who in- 
 herits the culture necessary to good critical work in music 
 and the drama, and well justifies his inheritance ; A. C. 
 Wheeler, of the World, whose clever " Nym Crinkle " 
 papers have occasioned many a laugh, without materially 
 contributing to the formation of cultured public opinion ; 
 Prof. John Praser, of the Aihenasum, whose slashing 
 critique of Sardou's " Agnes " will be remembered by 
 many, and who ably represents the English method ; C. 
 A. Welles, of the Evening Mail ; William Stuart, who as 
 critic tried to write down Edwin Forrest, and as manager 
 contributed materially to the youthful fame of Edwin 
 Booth ; J. M. Bundy, of the Blail, whose reputation as a 
 critic dates from his connection with the Evening Pod. 
 Add to this list, of those who are not member? of 
 the organization, the name of William Winter, as honest 
 in his work as acute and cultured in his estimates ; that 
 of Mr. F. A. Schwab, of the Times ; that of Mr. Henry 
 Sedley, less frank and direct in his method than Mr. 
 Winter, but haply uniting culture and critical insight to 
 exceeding courtesy ; that of Mr. Pulton, ot the Slar, as 
 talented in fiction as in criticism : and the dramatic and 
 musical staff of New York is complete so far as its re- 
 puted masters are concerned, vi^ith the two exceptions of 
 Henry C. Watson, whose eminent services as a musical 
 critic justly entitle him to the rank of foremost in that 
 direction (having, probably, contributed as povv erfully to 
 the formation of musical taste in this country as have the 
 reviews of Mr. George Ripley to the formation of lit- 
 erary), and of Mr. Williams, of the Evening Post, not Mr. 
 Watson's equal, perhaps, in the culture that comes from 
 long and intimate journalism of the subject, but fully his 
 
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ARCADIAN CLUB. 317 
 
 equal in insight and powers of analysis, and more than 
 his equal in loyalty to Art. 
 
 AfLer these come a somewhat ragged and irresponsible 
 rabble of free-lances and intellectual confidence men, 
 whose Gil Bias doublings and turns upon culture and 
 integrity are only half excused by the exceeding clever- 
 ness and dexterity with which they manage to conceal 
 the lack of both qualities, and the exceeding tact and 
 diplomatic skill which they manifest in arguing tlieir 
 right to be put on the free-list, either as correspondents 
 of influential journals in Utah or Oregon, or as contribut- 
 ors to the musical and dramatic column of some till then 
 unregistered metropolitan weekly. Infinite these gentle- 
 men are in their professional aspirations, and as infinite 
 in a certain quality associated with a type of physiogno- 
 my known as the joufflu. Splendid claqueurs they make 
 for a first night, to be snubbed afterward if the novelty 
 is successful ; magTiificent is their faculty for swelling 
 and empty reclame ; with what sublimity of indignant 
 and centipedal sentences they declaim of the meanness 
 of unappreciative managers. But as their clubs are 
 friendly bar-rooms, they fall not within the scope of this 
 h'eatise, from which I gladly dismiss them, and return 
 to the discussion of the Arcadian roll, the further com- 
 position of which maybe ranged under heads, as follows: 
 
 1. General journalists, including Mr. Edward Plynn, 
 of the Hei'ald ; F. G. Gedney, WUliam Henry Hurlburt, 
 E. L. Gaul, T. W. Meighan, and many more of the 
 younger and coming men. 2. Operatic and dramatic 
 managers, including Max Maretzsk, Max Strakosch, 
 Maurice Grau, J. Henry Magonigle, Augustin Daly, H. 
 D. Palmer, Henry Jarrett, C. W. Tayleure, and others. 
 3. Actors, headed by Edwin Booth, Mark Smith, W. J. 
 Florence, and Edwin Adams. 4. Musicians, including 
 
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3l8 CLUBS OF NEW YOIilC. 
 
 J. E. Thomas, S. B. Mills, Mr. Randolfi, Thomas E. 
 Baker, Henry Tissington, and others. 5. Artists, in- 
 cluding Constant Mayer, Moran, Napoleon Sarony, Le 
 Clear, and so on. 6. Publishers, with J. Blair Scrib- 
 ner, George W. Carleton, Roswell C. Smith, Henry L. 
 Hinton, and others. 7. Amateurs and patrons, headed 
 by Henry Clews, Henry G. Stabbing, Leonard W. 
 Jerome, Douglass Taylor, Clark Bell, and such. 
 
 Which general analysis fairly indicating the distinctive 
 position of the club, its social aspects may be indicated. 
 The weekly nodes Arcadiance are fixed for Thursday 
 evenings, and resemble the symposiac Saturday nights 
 in vogue at the Lotos : in addition to which occur regular 
 monthly receptions for general society, to which ladies 
 are admitted, and which are modeled upon the receptions 
 of the Bue Vivienue Cercle, Paris, and those sporadically 
 given by the Union League, Travelers', Harmonie, and 
 Standard clubs of this city. For details of organization, 
 referring the reader to the Constitution, extracts from 
 which come hereafter, a few mems historical must com- 
 plete the narrative part of this paper. 
 
 From its inception, the organization has been exceed- 
 ingly successful, having, as will be seen from the list, 
 rallied about it representatives of the best literary, jour- 
 nalistic, musical, artistic, and managerial talent in the 
 city: hence, its receptions have been affairs of eclat, 
 having contributed materially to unify hitherto floating 
 but powerful intellectual elements, into social body. 
 Indeed, it would be difficult, perhaps, to specify a finer 
 reception, excepted one or two of special briUiancy at 
 the Union League, than that given in honor of Miss Kel- 
 logg on her return from a triumphant London season ; 
 and others of equaling eclat have succeeded, until the 
 Arcadian receptions have come to be anticipated as 
 
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ARCADIAN- CLUB. 319 
 
 events, and to can'y with them considerable social 
 predige. 
 
 The purpose of founding the club was not finally 
 mooted until somewhat late in 1871, nor finally settled 
 until near the date of the Weber reception, described in 
 the paper on the Lotos ; yet, previous to May 1, 1872, 
 the new club took position as an actual institution, with 
 a fine list of members, and was a little later, if I rightly 
 remember, greeted with a pleasant baptismal column in 
 the Evening Mail. At the formative meeting, a commit- 
 tee to draft a constitution was appointed ; with com- 
 mendable promptness, articles of confederation were, at 
 a subsequent meeting, reported and duly approved ; and 
 on the first day of May the association entered upon 
 official being in the present club-house — one of those fine 
 old mansions, roomy and elegant, with that dash of the 
 antique that gives flavor and 6ric-a-6rac-ishness to so 
 manj' interiors about Union Square. Thus was founded 
 a club which, it is permissible to hope, and not sanguine 
 to foretell, will soon prove its claim to be reckoned as a 
 culture-centre. 
 
 The constitution stipulates that the organization shall 
 be known as the Aecadian; that its primary object sliall 
 be to promote fellowship among journalists, literary 
 men, artists, musicians, and members of the dramatic 
 profession, and that to promote that object at least 
 three-fifths of the members of the club shall belong to 
 the professions named, while the Executive Council must 
 at all times be so composed that the same proportion is 
 observed in its membership; that any gentlemj,n of lib- 
 eral tastes and good social standing shall be eligible to 
 membership, when the proportion of non-professional 
 members is not greater than above specified; that theUst 
 of members shall not exceed three hundred; that the 
 
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320 CLUBS OF iVJSW YORK. 
 
 government of the club shall be vested in an Executive 
 Council of twenty-one members, who shall have power to 
 elect from their own number a President, a Vice-Presi- 
 dent, a Recording and a Corresponding Secretary, 
 and a Treasurer; that the President shall hold his of&ce 
 for five years, and shall be the executive officer, shall also 
 preside at all meetings thereof and of the Executive 
 Council, have the casting vote in case of a tie, ajjpoint all 
 Committees, unless otherwise ordered, and enforce the 
 By-Laws and rules of order; that the Vice-President 
 shall assist the President in his duties, and shall officiate 
 as President in case of the death, removal, or absence of 
 that officer; that in the case of the death or resignation 
 of the President or Vice-President, an election to fill the 
 vacancy or vacancies thus caused shall be held by the 
 members, a notice of twenty days of such election having 
 been given; that the Recording and Corresponding 
 Secretaries shall attend each meeting of the Executive 
 Council; that the Eecording Secretary shall attend each 
 meeting, call the roll at the appointed time, keep minutes 
 of the proceedings, read and file aU communications and 
 other papers, and execute all such business as he may be 
 officially instructed to perform — shall keep a record 
 of the accounts of members, collect all fines and dues, 
 and pay the same over to the Treasurer, taking his re- 
 ceipt therefor, reporting to the Executive Council the 
 condition of any member's account, when required. The 
 Corresponding Secretai-y must notify members of all 
 meetings, bulletin notices, advise members of their elec- 
 tion, and furnish them with a copy of the Constitution 
 and By-Laws: must attend to the general correspondence 
 of the club, assist the Eecording Secretary in his duties, 
 whenever required, and, in the absence of the lattei- at 
 any meeting, act in his place. 
 
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ASCA DIAN CL US. 321 
 
 In the absence of both Recording and Corresponding 
 Secretaries at any meeting, the presiding officer must 
 dsfignate a member of the Council to attend to the du- 
 ties of the former. 
 
 The Treasurer has the custody of funds, keeps a regu- 
 lar account thereof, subject at all times to iuvestigation 
 by the Executive Council, and must report upon the con- 
 dition of the treasury whenever called upon by that 
 body. 
 
 The Executive Council, consisting of the President, Vice- 
 President, Recording and Corresponding Secretarie.s, and 
 Treasurer, and sixteen other Councilors, holds office 
 for five years, and exercises the following functions: — 
 Filling vacancies in its own body; control of the finances 
 and property of the club, and supervision over the club- 
 house; authorizing all necessary expenditures, and exe- 
 cuting such improvements and repairs as shall be neces- 
 sary to the welfare and comfort of the club; borrowing 
 of money from the club, by the issue of stock or other- 
 wise, when such money is needed in the execution of any 
 of its duties, and the amount required is less than $5,000; 
 investigation as to eligibility of names proposed for mem- 
 bership, electing by ballot such as are eligible; decision 
 upon all petitions and complaints, made in writing and 
 signed by not less than five members of the club; mak- 
 ing of such By-Laws and rules for the government of the 
 club and its own body as may be in keeping with the 
 Constitution; organization of the club under an act 
 of the Legislature, or under the general law; sole 
 authority in interpreting the Constitution and By-Laws, 
 and in deciding upon the classification of applicants for 
 membership; preparation in printed form, for gratuitous 
 distribution among members of the club, of an annual re- 
 port of its Treasurer and Secretaries, such reports to be 
 
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322 CLUBS OF XEW YOUK. 
 
 separate, and to be presented to the club in printed form 
 on the second day of January; power to accept, in Heu 
 of an initiation fee from any artist, such specimen of his 
 art or skill as in its judgment may be an equivalent. 
 
 The name, residence, and occupation of every candi- 
 date proposed for membership, together with the name 
 of the proposer and seconder, must be posted on the 
 bulletin board of the club-house by the Corresponding 
 Secretary, at least ten days previous to being acted 
 upon by the Executive Council. The initiation fee for 
 professional members, is $50; for non -professional mem- 
 bers, $100. Foreign artists and professional men visit- 
 ing this country may become temporary subscribing 
 members, and enjoy all the privileges of the club for one 
 year — except voting and holding office — by the payment 
 of quarterly dues, after having been proposed and elected 
 by the Executive Council; but this clause must not be 
 construed to apply to foreign artists' who intend remain- 
 ing permanently in this country, nor to American artists 
 residing in other cities of the Union than New York. 
 Three black balls exclude any candidate presenfed for 
 admission, which candidate shall not again be eligible for 
 membership for six months; all votes, conversations, and 
 debates of the subject of admissions, exclusions, and ex- 
 pulsions, are held by the Executive Coancil in honorable 
 secrecy; and all persons elected members must qualify 
 within sixty days, by notifying the Recording Secretary 
 in writing, and by payment of initiation fee and one 
 quarter of the yearly due, which is $40, payable quar- 
 terly in advance. 
 
 Any proposed amendment must be subscribed to by at 
 least thirty members, and by them presented to the 
 President, who must cause the same with its signatures 
 to be posted for twenty days on the bulletin board of 
 
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ABCAniAN CLUB. 323 
 
 the club, and bring it before the next meeting thereafter 
 of the Executive Council. At that meeting the Execu- 
 tive Council considers its passage, and directs the Cor- 
 responding Secretary to issue notices, enclosing a copy 
 of the amendment to all the members of the club ; and 
 a vote of two-thirds of all the members present at a 
 special meeting called for the purpose is requii-ed for 
 its passage. 
 
 For the quinquennial elections of officers and coun- 
 cilors, the Corresponding Secretary must, on^j month 
 prior to the election, send to each member a printed list 
 ol persons belonging to the club and in good standing, 
 stamped with the seal of the club, presenting the mem- 
 bership classified according to the professions of each. 
 On this list each voting member indicates his jDreference 
 of candidates, and returns it in a sealed envelope, with 
 his signature, marked " Election List," to the Corre- 
 sponding Secretary within two weeks. The envelopes 
 thus received arc opened by a committee of three in- 
 spectors appointed by the President (and confirmed by 
 the Executive Council) from members of the club who 
 are not officers. This Committee counts the votes and 
 announces the result. Those names which shall receive 
 the hij hest number of votes thus indicated are then de- 
 clared elected for the ensuing five years. In case of a 
 tie, a new election is immediately called, to take place 
 within two weeks. 
 
 The regular meetings of the Executive Council are 
 held on the first Thursday of each month : all resigna- 
 tions must be made to the Recording Secretary, in writ- 
 ing ■ all rights and interests of a member in the proijerty 
 and privileges of the club cease with the termination of 
 his membership : complaints, requests, and suggestions 
 must be made to the Executive Council in writing, and 
 
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324 CLUBS OF iVlSW YORK. 
 
 ineiiibers are requested to give notice of any violation of 
 the rules of the house : in case anj member is indebted 
 to the club at the end of the month, his name, with the 
 amount unpaid, is posted in tbe club-house, and after fif- 
 teen days have elapsed from the time of such posting, the 
 steward is forbidden (under penalty of dismissal) to an- 
 swer any orders of the posted member, until the amount 
 of indebtedness shall be paid. 
 
 The iollowing provisions, falling under the head of 
 house rules, constitute the etiquette part of the Constitu- 
 tion and By-Laws : 
 
 1. The club-house shall be open at 8 o'clock every 
 morning, and no member shall be admitted after 2 A.M. ; 
 but members in the house, at any time, are not to be in- 
 fluenced as to their departure by this rule. 
 
 2. Members may introduce persons, not members, re- 
 siding more than thirty miles from the city, to the club- 
 house. 
 
 3. Members may introduce, as a visitor, a resident of 
 the city; such privilege, however, being limited to six 
 visits of the same individual in the course of one year. 
 The names of all visitors shall be inscribed on the reg- 
 ister. 
 
 4. At the request of a member, the Executive Council 
 maj', by vote, extend to strangers the privileges of the 
 club diuring the term of their visit to the city. 
 
 5. Crockery, glassware, furniture, or other property 
 of the club, broken or injured by a member, must be paid 
 for by him, at the time. The amount will be determined 
 with reference to the cost price of the article injured or 
 destroyed. 
 
 6. No member shall take from the club-house, or muti- 
 late, any newspaper, pamphlet, book, or other property. 
 
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A ItCA DIA iV CLUH. 325 
 
 7. No member shall give a gratuity to any servant of 
 the club. 
 
 8. Billiard tables must not be retained for more than 
 two games, should other members desire to play. 
 
 9. No games shall be jplayed in the club on Sunday, 
 nor shall any game commence after 12 o'clock on Satur- 
 daj' night. 
 
 10. Servants ai-e forbidden (under penalty of dismissal) 
 to serve liquors, cigars, etc., except on the written order 
 of a member. Before leaving the house, members should 
 see that the word " Paid " is written by the steward on 
 their orders, otherwise the amount will stand against 
 them. 
 
 The strong prohibition against gambling, or playiu"- 
 for money, inserted in the by-laws of the club, exists 
 rather as a safeguard than as an indication that club-life 
 involves trifling with the cards, and in recollection, per- 
 haps, of the fate of the Pickwick Club, of which were 
 George W. Birdseye, the most promising of the junior 
 poets of this country, aad one of the most original minds 
 in journalism and letters; the late Harry Sanderson, a 
 pianist whose early death removed a promising and 
 powerful American rival from the field in which Rubin- 
 stein is now uniquely mnster; the distinguished Charles 
 Gilsey, son of millionaire Peter Gilsey, representative of 
 the finest culture hereditary fortune can bestow, and 
 most sought of young men in society ; and gay and ele- 
 gant Captain Courtney, of the Ninth Regiment. The' 
 former was secretary. The initial and formative meet- 
 ings of the club were held at Geyer's Hotel, Broadway ; 
 its first rooms were at the corner of Fourth avenue and 
 Twentieth street. May 1, 1S71, an elegantly appointed 
 floor at 733 Broadway was occupied; May 1, 1872, the 
 organization was dissolved : members in a majority hav- 
 
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3^6 C.UBS OF A-E\y YORK. 
 
 ir.g been admitted, ■who were addicted to faro and turned 
 the club into a gamblers' den : the former members, 
 many of them leaders in music, art, letters, and the 
 drama, dropping off one by one in disgust, and leaving 
 the fast remainder to run a brief career, then dissolve. 
 At one of the reunions of this club it was, that the 
 lamented Sanderson, a member and habitue, made his 
 last pubhe appearance; here J. R. Thomas did oft put 
 forth to the best his powers of entertaining; here the 
 imaginative and day-dreaming Birdseye, with an ear for 
 music of verse so acute thnt, as an Ar^ib would say, he 
 almost sees with it (and to be confessed presently as a 
 kind of American Tennyson), has whiled away the hours 
 in lotos-eating- reverie; here, indeed, did most congregate 
 the dissatisfied spirits of the Lotos, during that season 
 of discord — the fall of 1871, and the ensuing winter ; 
 and had. the organization not fallen upon evil days, the 
 Arcadian would have never been, and the Pickwick 
 would have occupied its place as the rival of the Lotos 
 in intellectual eclat : a sad warning to directories to 
 guard well those avenues of degeneration, the card-table 
 and the bar. For a different reason, the admission of 
 too many free-thinkers of the Positivist type, the old and 
 honored members of the Lyceum Club, of which were the 
 late George Wakeman, of brief but enviable career, and 
 Mr. Birdseye, began to drop away in twos and threes, 
 while the association was apparently prosperous, leaving 
 it to be converted into the Liberal Club, an organization 
 of scope somewhat similar to that of the Radical Club, 
 Boston. Indeed, metamorphoses of tnis sort, for one 
 cause or other, are too sadly common; and the Arca- 
 dians have evinced their wisdom, both in electing the 
 directory for a long term, and in virtually prohibiting 
 cards. 
 
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AliC-iDTAX CLUB. 327 
 
 To pursue this digression a step further, the history of 
 the Euterpe Club, than which no recent organization has 
 staxted under more favorable conditions, well illustrates 
 the folly of depending upon professionals for adminis- 
 tration of its business affairs, and justifies the Arcadian 
 in having given business men due position in the Direc- 
 tory. The Euterpe was originated by Dr. John P. Mor- 
 gan, the famous organist at Trinity, early in 1871 ; num- 
 bered among its members the leading musicians, pub- 
 lishers, and patrons of the city; had for its purpose the 
 production of rare musical works, and the bringing out 
 of talented American composers; aud occupied commo- 
 dious quarters at Weber'.s Rooms on Fifth Avenue — with 
 the following- list of o£[icei-s: President, Spencer "W. 
 Coe; Vice-President, Dr. George G. Needham; Secre- 
 tary, Rev. John W. Shackelford; Treasurer, Albert 
 Weber; Librarian, George W. Birdseye; Conductor, 
 John P. Morgan. One Thursday evening in May, 1871, 
 the last gravid concert of the club was given, and resulted 
 in one of tliosc pitiable fiascos which will now and then 
 happen at concerts, though mostly limited to Italian 
 opera. Imagine it: a splendid programme, Morgan as 
 conductor, and nobody to render it: the best selection 
 ever offered for rendition, and the worst concert ever 
 listened to by an auditory composed in the main of cog- 
 noscerdi: and having struggled bravely with destiny till 
 confronted with n. motet absolutely unattainable, Mor- 
 gan steps forward and explains frankly, thus covering 
 his defeat with glory, and embalmiag it in the recollec- 
 tion, with an address worth commending to discomfited 
 conductors, or conductors to be discomfited hereafter: 
 " Ladies and gentlemen this is the most unpleasant duty 
 I ever had to perforin. The quintet is impossible. 
 Through some intrigue, I fear, the viola player has not 
 
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3^3 CLUBS OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 co;ne, rtiid I have, sent everywhere to get one, but can't. 
 My numbers are too small to attack the motet; it vrould 
 be a farce to try it. I think, therefore, you will have to 
 be dismissed; but before doing so, I want to say just 
 one word. This society is the victim of bad manage- 
 ment. It has been the worst-managed affair I ever 
 knew of. And I am going to denounce the culprit and 
 expose his name. His name, ladies and gentleman, is 
 John P. Morgan; and I'm the man. If any of you have 
 any business matters on hand, don't trust them to me. 
 I intend to give concerts next season with this Society, 
 but I give you notice beforehand that I shall hand over 
 the management to some one else. If artists fail, and 
 musicians run away, it won't be my fault. I wish you a 
 very good evening." Thus ended the career of the Eu- 
 terpe, not so sadly as that of the Pickwick, thotigh some- 
 what more di'amatically: the reason being found in the 
 plain fact that professionals, whatever theii- talent, are 
 not men of business, and should not usurp the function 
 of such — which is equivalent to saying that an Arabian 
 courser is not a pack-horse, and was wever known to be 
 successful in that capacity. And the dissolution of a 
 club so promising, because a Barbe imagined himself a 
 dray, conveys a practical lesson to oi-ganizations like 
 the Arcadian, to which I now return. There are seven 
 honorary members: the Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, the 
 Eev. Henry W. Bellows, the Eev. O. B. Frothingham, the 
 Hon. B. Moran, Secretary of the Legation, London; the 
 Eev. Samuel Osgood, D. D., and the Rev. Noah H. 
 Schenck, D. D. — who are the metaphorical Castors and 
 Polluxes, intended to impress the public with an array of 
 Rev.s, Hon.s, D. D.-3, and other capitals, just by way of 
 dazing the groundlings a little: for, said these Arcadians 
 among themselves, or thought they, which is all the 
 
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ABCAMAiV CLUB. 3^9 
 
 same, what is the use of a club without an impressive 
 array of honoraries, each with his siDectacles a-aaddlo of 
 bis Hose, and looking as venerable as becometh an 
 honorary? And accordingly, and with one accord, they 
 began a hunt of the city directory for parsons fitted to 
 frlfill the duties of an honorary with dignity and neat- 
 ness, and finally, after diligent investigation, did hit 
 upon the above gentlemen, who answer the purpose very 
 well, no doubt, and have had experience, both long and 
 valuable, in the honorary capacity. Very easily might 
 they have made the list as long as that of honorary de- 
 grees at a University; but justly did they reason that 
 honoraries are luxuries paying no tariff, and, therefore, 
 to be as limited as possible in number: and did the uni- 
 versities thus reason, what a host of D. D.s that know 
 aothing of theology, L. L. D.s that know nothing of 
 laws, and A. B.s and A. M.s, incompetent to construe 
 " Arma virumque cano," or turn A. M. into Latin, except 
 as asinorum magister, would be saved from inflated being 
 —for, of all things needed in this land of freedom to talk 
 bombast, the limitation of the list of honoraries is most 
 so, since, should the list be further extended, it is likely 
 that, upon accurate enumeration, the honoraries will be 
 found to outnumber those doing them the honor: for 
 which reason the Arcadians deserve compliment for hav- 
 ing begun the reform of rigidly Hmiting themselves to 
 half a dozen. 
 
 But I must on at gallop. Gossiping as aforesaid in 
 the office of the Humdrum on that dozy October after- 
 noon, now philosophizing, now reminiscing with the two 
 gentlemen I have indicated : the Aristotle of the twain 
 Mr. George Perry, the Plato Prof. Howard Hinton, 
 known to lovers of fiction as " Kalph Morley:" the con- 
 versation, skipping from topic to topic somewhat after 
 
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330 CLUHH OF NEW YOBK. 
 
 its own capricious fi-isbion, passed from the Arcadian 
 club to culture, which Aristotle described as the statue 
 ■within the marble of mau, with one of those felicitous 
 turns to which he is somewhat addicted: the professor 
 rejoining with a scrap of an old poem, which had run in 
 his brain like a strain beautiful he said, and which he 
 seemed to think expressed the idea allegorically. Hum- 
 med he drowsily: 
 
 ' ' Wearily worked the artist alone, 
 Carving still at the ivory bone." 
 
 To which, taking up the rhythm of the couplet, and 
 finishing the symbol with a villanous rhyme, such as 
 would never be tolerated except in a Boston transcen- 
 dentalist, I rejoined: 
 
 "And the bone, as he wrought, took the semblance of 
 The dim lite-riddle he sought to solve." 
 
 And then the talk turned on the propriety of adding 
 the Arcadian to the list of clubs herein discussed, br, 
 rather; upon the impropriety of not doing so. 
 
 Aristotle, being a member, proposed a note of intro- 
 duction to a certain officer and leading spirit of the or- 
 ganization: and thus, armed with a scribble commend- 
 ing me to the good graces him-of, I presented myself for 
 the information, which was as has foregone, and the list 
 of members and officers, which soon comes, and received 
 an iuYitation to take a stroll of the club-house on some 
 convenient Thursday evening. 
 
 Thursday evening of a week in sleepy October: mem- 
 bers present in full force. That tall gentleman yonder, 
 conversing with Major Bundy, is Mr. George Perry: six 
 feet of Berkshire brawn : and, as he talks, you observe a 
 smile creeping over his face, just now and then, as 
 stealthily as if it expected to be caught in the act and 
 ordered in-doors by the proprietor, who, slender almost 
 
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ABCADIAX CLUB. 33' 
 
 to leanness, talks on in his peculiar, half-dreamy, half- 
 alert way, now dropping his head as if to think, now 
 lifting his shoulder with a kind of New England shrug, 
 now making a dash at an idea, now diving deep for a re- 
 mote philosophical suggestion or a fanciful analogy. 
 Near him lounges the elegant, dashing, and somewhat 
 original Clark Bell, an amateur in letters, and a lion in 
 society. 
 
 Dark and taciturn, but courteous Edwin Booth stands 
 yonder: near him happy and rattling George Clarke, the 
 actor. Of middle height and somewhat foreign appear- 
 ance — that gentleman, who flits from point to point, is 
 Myron A. Cooney ; while the tall, dark, slender Bunce, 
 of Appleton's Journal, with the fidgety manner and the 
 same frown on his brow, indicative of a nervous, sort of 
 concentration, with which he puzzled over the last blind 
 paragraph of copy, has just seated himself on yon sofa, 
 for a cosy confab with bold and thoughtful Maurice Grau, 
 Max Strakosch, or Maretzek — veteran either in the ser- 
 vice of Italian opera. 
 
 Mayhap, Dr. Holland has just dropped in for an hour's 
 saunter, to liberate his fancy from the thrall of " Lao- 
 coon"— -would readers could as easily ! —and with him, 
 perhaps, comes Augustin Daly, something of a Napoleon 
 as a dramatic manager, whose restless activity and Na- 
 poleonic sell'-eonfidence have lifted him from the rank of 
 employed to that of employer, since his first tug with 
 destiny as the obscure " sub " of an obscure sensation 
 weekly. He is a pleasant-faced, dreamy-speaking man — • 
 Mr. Daly — with a brain as bright as it is busy, and has 
 not yet won half his successes. Indeed, you can see 
 as j-ou look through him, supposing your insight not to 
 be obscured with Arcadian juices, that he is at this very 
 
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33^ CLUBS OF .VA'H' YORK. 
 
 moment, talking cosily though he seems, weaving the 
 meshes for more. 
 
 Yonder, also, loiters J. R. Thomas, the popular com- 
 poser, balladist. and master ot song music, in velvet coat, 
 dashing as ever he appeared on Broadway — a blond gen- 
 tleman, of middle height, V7ilh splendid and Apollonian 
 head, covered with brown curls, set on splendid shoul- 
 ders, that are as broad as if. Atlas-like, it was their busi- 
 ness to carry the world. 
 
 Just a trifling resemblance you observe between him 
 and George W. Carleton, the publisher, who is just ex- 
 plaining to his face-to-face that he is ab(jut to issue the 
 " most remarkable book of the age — orders for twenty 
 thousand in advance, my dear fellow — most magnificent 
 success:" phrases they long since vocally electrotyped by 
 the dashing Fifth Avenue book-maker. You may notice, 
 if you will, while he is descanting on the merits of Mans- 
 field Tracy Walworth's next puzzle in twel'-mo, that Mr. 
 Carleton is an elegant in the fullest sense of the term, but 
 one having the strong blond fa.ce that belongs only to the 
 few born to be officers in the great army of life. Brovm 
 hair, swept away in waves, shades a fine and very per- 
 ceptive, but not very imaginative forehead ; and eye- 
 glasses half conceal a pair of eyes, now blue, now gray, 
 depending upon the light, and forever a-twinkle with 
 humor. 
 
 Carleton reminds me vaguely to look about for Joseph 
 Howard, Jr., the Carleton of journalists, and call your 
 attention to that gentleman. Yonder you espy, him — 
 half fop, half brigand, altogether an original, yet so 
 jaunty in his originality that you would almost style him 
 Willisesque; for there is something of distinction in man 
 and manner, in addition to the Lester Wallack tinge of 
 the latter, and his Wallack way of wearing his eye-glasses. 
 
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ARCADIAN- CLUB. 333 
 
 For others, you may single out Mr. Bowker, of quiet and 
 courteous ways; Mr. C. A. Welles, -by tbe don't-you-wish- 
 you-could sort of manner with which he greets his ac- 
 quaintances; Ghiselani Durand, the author; Gariboldi, 
 the master scene-painter; genial and long-headed Charles 
 Moss, of Wallaok's theatre; Constant Mayer, the artist; 
 Mr. Magonigle, of Booth's theatre; George W. Hows, of 
 the Expresa ; the keen and imperious Wheeler, of the 
 World, with a face like steel engraving; Mr. Israels, of 
 the same journal, or clever Ned Plynn of the Herald — ^for 
 they are all habitues as well as members, not mere club- 
 dummies to make a show in catalogues of names. But I 
 must off, for these nodes Arcadiance are fascinating, and, 
 like the elle-maids in German legends, offer wine. 
 
 Before going, however, I will just indulge myself in a 
 glance at the paintings on exhibition — for, like the 
 Lotos Saturdays, the Arcadian Thursdays are converted 
 into grottoes beautiful, by hanging the walls with the latest 
 in American art. William Hart has contributed an "Au- 
 tumnal Idyl " of dreamy Arcadian beauty, with golden 
 forests a-slumber in a bath of sunshine; M. F. H. de 
 Haas, a lurid scene of " Shipwreck " off Montauk Point; 
 James M. Hart, a pleasant example of "Repose;" 
 Constant Mayer, his "Village School in Francs;" 
 J. R. Brevoort, a dream of " Cloudy Days in Autumn; " 
 Julian Scott, " Wandering Thoughts ; " David Johnson, 
 a study of " Mount Lafayette." Hypocrites mountains 
 are, and never twice present the same face. Robert M. 
 Pratt offers a canvas entitled " The Reprimand; " J. H. 
 Beard introduces a " Young Widow," at an Arcadian 
 Thursday, not the Widow Cliquot though, who buzzes 
 in many a tongue; Van Elten has embalmed in color a 
 weird "Old Windmill," from Holland; J. B. Bristol has 
 transferred the "Berkshire Meadows" to city walls; L. 
 
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334 CLVBS OF KJEW YORK. 
 
 C. Tiffany has erected an ascetic dream of a " Convent of 
 Carmelites," from original near Paris; Reinhart has 
 transferred an English "Scene near London;'' John A. 
 Hows, a recollection of life " On the Nynsa River, Africa; " 
 A. C. Howland, a " Grove," that Plato might have mused 
 in. Yonder loom, too, the " Pines of Racquette,'' from the 
 easel of John A. Hows again, but exquisitely engraved by 
 Linton, the prince of engravers. 
 
 And now, having solaced myself with a whiff of the 
 beautiful, I saunter homeward to scribble my impres- 
 sions, solacing myself at intervals with whiffs of la Hon- 
 radez and ruminant pauses. 
 
 I have gossiped at considerable length, on divers pages, 
 concerning Lotos Saturday nights and Thursday nodes 
 Arcadiance, almost forgetful that I have treasured for 
 quotation in this very paper a runic reminiscence of the 
 early and somewhat Bohemian days (or nights) of the Cen- 
 tury, when it was what the Arcadian is now, serving as a 
 sort of frame for a portrait of Paul Duggan. It appeared 
 in Harper's Monthly for January, 1862, and is in the best 
 vein of its author, the magician of rhetoric and verbal 
 fretwork, George William Curtis, who within his realm 
 conjures what he will: having passages, indeed, which 
 are as if Mr. Curtis had dipped his i^en in the inkstand 
 of an elf, or other inhabitant of fancy-land, not in one of 
 those prosy bottles of prose-produoing fluid, that decor- 
 ate the desks of practical journalists: illustrating, with 
 peculiar felicity, the free and fitful gambol of fancy, the 
 pleasant and day-dreaming inter-play of humor and pa- 
 thos, and the d'egage control of expression beautiful, 
 united to a perspective like that of lapis-lazuli twilights, 
 which render his essays so fascinatingly colloquial, so de- 
 liciously rambling and to-oneself talkative, so like the 
 lazy winding of a brook slipping aimlessly oceanward, 
 
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ABC A VI AN CLVB.- 335 
 
 over cataracts and round mimic islands, even wlien en- 
 kerneling no substantial pabulum of thought, no deep 
 things of the imagination, little insight and less art- 
 sight. A sweet sheaf of recollections neatly bound 
 ■with a fanciful wisp — an artistically-arranged bouquet of 
 reminiscences culled from the remember-garden — an 
 exquisitely frescoed and corniced gallery of memorials, 
 some sad, some convivial, is this from an old Centurion — 
 a kind of literary body and bit of sculpture too beauti- 
 ful to be left to doze and drone in the cofBn or mum- 
 my-case of a back number: 
 
 " Several years ago, when I first knew the Century, it occnpied a 
 house in the then modest block opposite Niblo's Garden. There 
 was a very quiet front door, and a long dark passage — then the nar- 
 row stairs— then daylight, the club, and good fellowship. Games were 
 prohibited, except, perhaps, draughts. Billiards especially were 
 sternly forbidden; but I seem to remember the brew — very mild, 
 mere lemonade, in fact — and I am pretty sure that there was now and 
 then a cigar. 
 
 " Wednesday and Saturday — e.specially Saturday — were the field 
 nights. Then the Centurions of mark paraded. Each one jumped 
 upon his hobby, and went off at a slapping pace. Old walls ! what 
 iovial, what tender songs you heard ! what good stories ! what happy 
 badinage ! There was only an oil-eloth on the floor. The Centu- 
 rions of the blue blood looked down in their portraits from the walls. 
 A few small tables were scattered about. The rooms were blue with 
 smoke. The fire blazed bright. They were gay evenings to pass, 
 and pleasant evenings to remember. The clocks ran a race to 
 point the morning hours. 
 
 "The initiation fee was small. The yearly subscription was 
 reasonable. It was to be a club of literary and artistic iellowship, 
 wiih a monthly meeting for doing business and eating oysters. It 
 was a clab designed for men who were not wealthy. Tne marvel 
 was that it was difficult to spend a great deal of money in an even- 
 ing; and in the earlier days in Broadway a man was really not 
 measured by his money, but by his actual capital of manhood. A 
 dandy was out of place. A prig was annihilated. It was not a club 
 of mutual admiration. No, no, the phlebotomizers of conceit were 
 legion. 
 
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33^ CLUBS OF NEW YOMK. 
 
 "There w,is no regular cuisine: it was not a dining club, but 
 occasionally a Centurion gave a dinner. Sometimes, also, the club 
 invited friends. There was the strawberry party in the summer, and 
 the dancing or singing party in the winter, which finally became a 
 Twelfth Night, or what you will. Great guests were also entertained 
 upon great occasions. Upon the evening of the Cooper Festival, I 
 remember, Mr. Webster wa^ brought to the club after the orations 
 in Tripler Hall. Ee should never have come. It was a sad sight. 
 Eemembcrest thou, Tomaso di Bonia, the four hundred pictures 
 of the Baron Stubens, of which Centurions heard tkat ludicrous and 
 lamentable evening ? It was not a private party of Centurions. 
 There was a crowd of outsiders. 
 
 • ■ After some time the club moved into Clinton Place, and to a 
 more spacious and agreeable house. It was like a well-ordered 
 home below; and up stairs there were the familiar oil-cloth, and 
 small tables. Here Greenough came with his wonderful talk; and 
 here how many who are living still sent the night flying on winged 
 words ! The Nestor of Centurions, who revives lor younger mem- 
 bers the traditions of a London age, and of a love and knowledge of 
 the theatre and actors such as Charles Lamb had, here told his 
 impressions of modern players, ranging from Mrs. Piozzi's Conway 
 and Edmund Keau, down to Eachel and Edwin Booth. Here, too, 
 the other men whose names are public names sat round, and smoked, 
 and sipped, and listened with sparkling eyes and jovial lips. 
 
 " This was Thackeray's petroomon Saturdiy nights; and here, too, 
 were the most memorable dinners, as when Kane returned from 
 his last expedition, and he and Thackeray met tor the first time. 
 The doctor had seen one of his sailors, in the long Arctic night when 
 he was frozen under a Greenland glacier, intently reading, and curi- 
 ous to know what book held him so fast, came to him and found 
 that it was 'Peudennis.' The story interested Thackeray, and the 
 huge Briton and slight heroic American met with the utmost cordi- 
 ality and sympathy. 
 
 " Kane told his wonderful adventures, and they all sat and listened. 
 It was like dining with Marco Polo. The tale was marvelous, but 
 the Centurions believed it. And when minds were blue with polar 
 ice and all tnoughts were frosted, they were dissolved to tears in the 
 warm mist of pathos that softens thy manly voice, exiled of Erin ! 
 [t was as if one heard the bells that you heard in your heart, as you 
 sang in Father Prout's words : 
 
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A BCADIA N CL UB. },27 
 
 " ' With deep affection 
 And recollection, 
 I often think of 
 
 Those Shandon bells, 
 Whose sounds so wild worild, 
 In the days of childhood, 
 yi ing round my cradle 
 
 Their magic spells. 
 On this I jjonder 
 Where'er I wander, 
 And thus grow fonder. 
 
 Sweet Cork of thee; 
 With thy bells of Shandon 
 That sound so grand on 
 The pleasant waters 
 
 Of the river Lee. ' 
 
 "Then followed Thackeray in his ' Three Sailors of Bristol City,' 
 or his petted ' Doctor Luther,' which he poured out in a great vol- 
 ume of voice like old and oily wine: 
 
 " 'For the souls' edification 
 Of this decent congregation, 
 
 Worthy people ! by your grant, 
 
 I will sing a holy chant, 
 I will sing a holj' chant. 
 
 If the ditty sound but oddly, 
 
 'Twas a father, wise and godly. 
 
 Sang it so long ago. 
 
 Then sing as Doctor Luther sang. 
 As the Reverend Doctor Luther sang: 
 Who loves not wine, woman, and song. 
 He is a fool his whole life long.' 
 
 " Thackeray makes his 'Philip ' sing it now; for in his 'Philip,' 
 as in his 'Peudennis' and 'Olive Newcome,' Thackeray lives his 
 youth over again. 
 
 "Other songs and other stories streamed after, until at last Paul 
 Duggan, after many quiet, droll delays, sang the 'Widow Machree,' 
 in hi.s low, intense, weird voice, until one seemed to be listening to 
 an old Irish crone squatting by her small fire in a lonely cabin, mur- 
 muring with vague articulations a,s the night wind sings. And it is 
 
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33^ CLUBS OF NEW YOlilC 
 
 a word of news about Paul Duggan which has set my memory to re- 
 call the Century and the Centurions. The news was in a letter from 
 Paris to the Jihenmg Post a few weeks ago. It was the tidings of his 
 death. He expected to die long ago. He had lived so long beyond 
 expectation, ' so beyond reason,' as he was used to say with that 
 earnest, sad, sweet smile, that he seemed to have acquired some 
 mystic hold upon life, and his mortality was not to be measured by 
 the ordinarj' rules. 
 
 "Paul Duggan was an Irishman. He came early to this country; 
 studied art as a painter; was made Professor of Drawing in the Free 
 Academy in New York; fell iU with the consumption; went to 
 Europe eight or nine years ago, and came home somewhat better; 
 found himself unable to work in the Academy or the studio, and re- 
 turning to England, lived quietly there until a short time since, when 
 he went to Paris for a visit, and there suddenly died. 
 
 " He has left no works — nothing that will compel the world to re- 
 member him and wish he had lived longer. But upon a small circle, 
 and especially upon the memory of his old associates among the 
 Centurions, he has carved his name in imperishable lines. There 
 are few men so purely unselfish as he was ; so naturally gentle and 
 unobtrusive. Yet it was not because he was a negative, person, for 
 he was a thinker and a man of strong convictions and great talent. 
 His nature was exquisitely artistic; full of sympathy for all kinds of 
 grace and beauty ; delicately sensitive to sounds and sights and men- 
 tal emotions, and of the truest humor. His appreciation- of wit and 
 humor ligh ted his whole soul with laughter. A good thisg was an 
 inward and constantly recurring delight. The expression was 
 never boisterous, but it was delightful. Humor affected him like 
 electricity, putting his system into a healthful glow. 
 
 ■ ' He was sincerely an artist in his organization, but he had no 
 distinguished faculty. He studied faithfully, he felt deeply, he 
 sympathized wholly; but his hand was inadequate to the work. Of 
 course the riddle of his small performance is to be explained by 
 sickness and the duties of his position. He was very poor, and had 
 few opportunities. But what he did was done with all his heart. 
 That never failed, if the hand did. Consequently all his works 
 have all his earnestness, and one or two crayon heads of Centurions, 
 that used to hang upon the walls (they hang there still, I have no 
 doubt), are most admirable and satisfactory portraits. 
 
 " But while he painted no great pictures, his knowledge of anatomy 
 
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ABCADTAN CLUB. 339 
 
 was accurate and thorough, and at an early age he was admirablj 
 qualified for his post as an instructor in drawing; and" he had the 
 most subtle appreciation of music and delight in it. He had studied 
 the science, and he had unusual gifts of ear and talent in its pursuit. 
 His playing at the piano was self-taught, but it was exquisite. The 
 mcst curious and involYed harmonies flowed from his stilltul 
 fingers; and his playing was the weaving of a strange, thick cloud 
 of music that overhung and enfolded the hearer like a spell. Paul 
 Duggan had the gift ol his race in its rarest and loveliest expression. 
 
 "But although he was poor he always seemed to be wealthy. He 
 had that exhaustless, sweet geniality and equanimity which, in the 
 happy way of his native land, contrives to conquer obstacles by 
 quietly disregarding them. Paul Duggan was a Prince Royal of the 
 House of Barmecide. Whei-ever he was, whatever he did, he made 
 the best of it. If he were half dead, he did not bother his visitor 
 with the fact; and often, when he could not speak loud, he almost 
 persuaded you, by the mere force of his geniality, that he had a 
 whim of whispering. He knew that he was very ill; he expected 
 many a time to die ; but the same sweet ilrmness, the same invin- 
 cible manhood, were all that appeared. Everything seemed some- 
 times upon the point of deserting him, except his calm and regal 
 possession of himself. 
 
 • ' ' The trials of acute and -mortal sickness are often soothed by 
 family friends in whose veins a kindred blood is a sure sympathy. 
 Mothers and wives and sisters and brothers smooth the pillow. But 
 Duggan had no family here, except for a few years his brother 
 Joseph, a musician well known in London. Close ties there might 
 have been; but that hope also faded away. Quite alone, except for 
 that hope, and in the companionship of a very few, mainly artists, he 
 lived his unobtrusive days in the city. For some time, ten years 
 ago, he was one of the Wednesday and Saturday evening circle at 
 the Century. Fred, John, Tom, Ned, Kit ! I know that you felt as 
 I did when the news came that he was dead. 
 
 " About eight years ago he said good-by to his old haunts, and 
 went away. During that time he lived mostly in England, where he 
 made a few friends, and found, especially from Mr. Bussell Sturgis, 
 of Baring and Brothers, always a most generous welcome. He oc- 
 cupied himself with a little drawing, but his first business was tend- 
 ing his flickering flame of life. It burned longer than one could 
 have hoped, and at last, quietly and unexpectedly, went out. 
 
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34 O CLUBS OF 2\BW YORK. 
 
 "So a simple, pure, earnest, affectionate man dies, and seems to 
 leave no void in the ■n-orld. A happy and varioxis talent disappears, 
 and the name of the possessor is unknown to most who read it. But 
 that fine, bright, sympathetic intelligence — that clear, refined, sen- 
 sitive judgment — that tender, de;j), guileless heart — who shall give 
 iheni back to the Century? Wbich of all the stars, though they are 
 planets even, can restore the lost PIeia:T or fill its place ? 
 
 In the new rooms of the Century Paul Duggan was never seen; to 
 many of the gay fraternity of modern Centurions he was unknown: 
 even his name, perhaps, is unheard. But to those penultimate Cen- 
 turions — men of the one, and not of the two hundred — who. Tarn 
 Hicks consule, discussed high art, dreamed dreams, and shook the 
 darkened hours with song, to them something is henceforth want- 
 ing." 
 
 But I must not linger in these shady places and by- 
 ways of club-life past, at the cost of Mr. Longfellow's oft 
 quoted living present. 
 
 The reader has now data enough concerning the clubs 
 of New York, to separate them into classes. The Union, 
 Travelers', Harmonie, and one or two others, have a 
 purely social purpose, indirectly ministering to culture ; 
 the Union League, Manhattan, Blossom, and Americus, 
 a purpose politico-social. The Century, Lotos, Palette, 
 and Arcadian are culture-centres, of somewhat diverse 
 intents, and somewhat differing values: nor is it easy to 
 see the wisdom of rivalry, though that of honorable emu- 
 lation is quite apparent — for the general public has more 
 interest in good results than in wrangles for supremacy,, 
 and this battle of pellet-paragraphs, one paper puffing 
 the Lotos, another the Arcadian, proves nothing except 
 an uneasy self-consciousness. There is no reason why 
 the same person should not be a member of the four, if 
 he wishes, nor the least reason why, being a member of 
 one only, he should regard himself as the enemy of either 
 of the others. As to eclat and gloire, acquired at the cost 
 of toadying to every new-fledged celebrity that turns up, 
 
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ARC AD IAN CLUB. 34' 
 
 they are, gentlemen, by no means so valuable as they 
 look. A little show of coin makes a great show of gild- 
 ing; a little show of mahogany, a great show of veneer- 
 ing; and, after all, factitious eclat and gloire are only 
 Parisian names for gilding and veneer. 
 
 The regulations limiting the duties of officers have 
 been explained. The club has the following ojBScial 
 staff : 
 
 President, Henry G. Stebbins; Vice-President, Andrew 
 G. Vv'heeler; Recording Secretary, George W. Hows; Cor- 
 responding Secretary, Thomas J. Hall; Treasurer, Henry 
 Clews. 
 
 Executive Council. — Henry G. Stebbins, George W. 
 Hows, Henry Clews, Mark Smith, J. M. Bundy, J. H. 
 Magonigle, George P. Bristow, E. Moran, Myron A. Coo- 
 ney, T. E. Baker, A. C. Wheeler, Thomas J, Hall, Edwin 
 Booth, L. Israels, Lawrence Barrett, Albert Weber, Parke 
 Godwin, B. P. Keinhart, J. R. Thomas, L. C. Tiffany, 
 George W. Carleton. 
 
 House Committee. — Albert Weber, George W. Hows, 
 T. E. Baker. Art Committee.— E. Moran, J. M. Bundy, 
 B. P. Keinhart. Committee on the Drama. — Mark Smith, 
 J. H. Magonigle, A. C. Wheeler. Committee on Music. — 
 Myron A. Cooney, J. E. Thomas, Thomas J. Hall. Com- 
 mittee on Literature. — L. Israels, George W. Carleton, 
 J. M. Bundy. 
 
 LIST OP MEMBE-ES. 
 
 Adams, Ed-win; Agramoute, E. ; Alden, W. L. ; Allpn, E. 0.; Aion- 
 son, Joseph N. 
 
 Baker. T. E.; Bangs, F. C. ; Bai-xett, La-mrence; Bartlett, H. N.; 
 Beard, J. H. ; Bell, Clarte; Berger, C. 0.; Blake, C. F.; Bonner, 
 Jolin; Booth Edwin; Bowker, E. B. ; Bowler, J. Brookhouse; Bris- 
 tow, George F. ; Brady, John E. ; Bruce, L. C. ; Bunee, Oliver B. : 
 Bundy J. M. , Buabey, Hamilton. 
 
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342 CLUBS Olr NEW YOMK. 
 
 CampbeU, Douglas; Ciirlberg, Gotthold; Carleton, George W.; 
 Carter, Robert; CaTalli, M. G. ; Clarke, George; Cle-ws, Heury; Coe, 
 Spencer W. ; Cooney, M. A.; Colby, W. George; Contoit, Charles; 
 Crosby, U. H. ; Crouch, George. 
 
 Daly, Augustin ; Daly, John T. ; Depew, Chauncey M. ; Dewey, C. 
 P.; Diefendorf, Menzo; Diefendorf, C. P.; Dinsmore, W. B. ; Dod- 
 worth, Harvey B. ; Doremus, K. Ogden; Downing, D. L. ; Dunlop, 
 A. P.; Durant, Ghiselani; Dresel, A. J. 
 
 Eberhard, Ernst; Einstein, E.; Elder, W. H.; Engel, L. 
 
 Finlay, E. S. ; Piste, A. K. ; Fleisse, W. M. ; Florence, W. 3. ; 
 Plynn, E. ; Foster, J. P. Giraud; Frobisher, J. E. ; Eraser, John; 
 Frost, C. L. 
 
 Garland, JohnK. ; Gaul, E. L. ; Gaj'ler, Charles; Gariboldi, G. ; 
 Gedney, F. G. ; Gerlach, F. G. ; Godwin, Parke; Goodwin, H. J.; 
 Gorham, L. "Walker; Grau, Maurice; Green, Andrew H. ; Griifin, K. H. 
 
 Ha 1, Thomas J. ; Hammond, A. H.; Hardy, Edward M. ; Harkins, 
 D. H. ; Hatch, A. J. ; Havens, G. G. ; Hegeman, H. ; Hegeman, Theo- 
 dore; Hegeman, W. A. Ogden; Henderson, Alexander; Herbert, 
 George "W. ; Hinton, Henry L. ; Holcombe. W. F. ; Holmes, C. E. L. ; 
 Holland, J. G. ; Howard, Joseph, Jr. ; Howell, W. R. ; Howland, 
 Horace; Hows, George W. ; Humphries, H. N. ; Hurlburt, W. H.; 
 Hutton, Lawrence. 
 
 Isaacs, Gustavus; Isaacs, J. S. ; Israels, L. 
 
 Jackson, N. Hart; Jarrett, Henry ; Johnson, Frost; Johnston, Archi- 
 bald; Johnston, Robert. 
 
 Kelly, M. J.; Kingsland, Daniel; Knevals, F. W. ; Kurtz, WiUiam. 
 
 Larrowe, M. D. ; Lawrence, T. T. ; LeClear, Thomas; Lee, D. B. ; 
 Leggat, W. S.; Lewis, C. T. ; Livingston, C. H. ; Lancaster, E. A.; 
 Longstreet, C. S. 
 
 Magonigle, J. H. ; Maretiek, Max; Martin, H. H. ; Mayer, Con- 
 stant; Macdonald, Allen; Macdonald, WiUiam; Mead, R. E. ; Mei- 
 ghan, W. J. C. ; Millard, Harrison; Mills, S. B. ; McHenry, James; 
 McKenna, Stanley; McKenney, G. ; Moran, E. ; Moss, Charles. 
 
 Ochiltree, Thomas; Ogden, F. Barber; Olmstead, Frederick Law; 
 Oppenheim, E. L. ; Owens, John E. ; O'Rourke, C. A. 
 
 Palmer, A. M. ; Palmer, H. D. ; Pattison, J. N. ; Pech, James; 
 Pentz, Jacob; Perry, George; Pierrepont, Edwards; Polk, J. B.; 
 Poor, H. W. 
 
 Reinhart, B. F. ; Roberts, C, Jr.; Roosevelt, R. B.; Ruggles, 
 James F. 
 
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ARCADIAN CLUB. 343 
 
 SanforJ, A. Wright; Saiony, N. ; Schuyler, M. ; Scribner, T. Blair; 
 Seward, Clarence A. ; Simpson, G-eorge; Smith, Eoswell C. ; Smith, 
 F. J. ; Smith, Mark; Smith, T. L. ; Smith James D. ; Stebbius, II. G. ; 
 Stebbins, C. H.; Stow, J. A.; Soper, W. M. ; Sothem, E. A.; Strak- 
 osch, Max; Stockton, Frank E. ; Stout, Francis A. ; Stroud, William 
 E.; SuUivan, Algernon S. 
 
 Taylor, Douglass: Thomson, James; Thompson, Eugene; Todd, 
 P.P.; Thomas, J. K; Tiffany, C. L. ; Tiffany, L. C. ; Tissingtoii, H. ; 
 Tousey, Sinclair; Tooley, J. W. ; Townley, D. O. C: Travers, W. R. 
 
 Van Alen, J. H. ; Vanderbilt, W. H. ; Van Elten, Kruseman; Vaux, 
 Calvert. 
 
 Waring, G. D.; Wales, Salem H. ; Weber, Albert; Welles, C. A.; 
 Watrous, Charles; Wheeler, A. C. ; Wheeler, Ward; Whipple, John; 
 Wilbour, E. E. ; Wood, Isaac H. ; Wright, P. C. ; Wright, J. H. 
 
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XIV. 
 ARMY AND NAVY CLUB. 
 
 NO. 8 WEST TWENTY-EIGHTH STEEET. 
 
 Thi3 club, wliich had its origin in the vacation by the 
 Union League of its during-war military function, was 
 founded April 14, 1871, with a list of over a hundred 
 members, under the presidency of Rear-Admiral S. "W. 
 Godon, and had its first club-house at No. 16 Fifth Ave- 
 nue. Among the leading movers in its formation and 
 organization, which is patterned after similar clubs in 
 London, were Eear-Admiral Godon, General Ambrose E. 
 Burnside, and General Joseph Hooker, both heroes of 
 signal defeats; General James Grant Wilson, well-known 
 in letters; General Sh ;ler, General Lloyd Aspinwall, and 
 others, whose names were oftener on the tongue ten years 
 since than they are now. Here the grizzled, sallow, iron- 
 bearded Sherman, with the complexion of leathery tan, 
 loiters on his occasional visits to the noisy metropolis; 
 here, on any evening in the week, you may inspect shoul- 
 der straps enough to set up a Napoleon in marshals, 
 provided always the Napoleon were not too particular as 
 to other qualifications; here General Adam Badeau, who 
 began as a reporter, had an iuterval of war, and continued 
 life as a reporter of Grant's campaigns, has lounged; 
 here military guests are entertained now and then, 
 though the club is conducted upon a plan remarkably 
 quiet and unobstrusive. 
 
 Aside from social intercourse and the conveniences of 
 
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ABMY AND NAVY CLUB. 345 
 
 a club-house, the organization has two objects : first, to 
 establish and maintain a library devoted to military and 
 naval subjects, and to collect and preserve military and 
 naval trophies; secondly, to extend hospitality to officers 
 of the army and navy of the United States and other 
 countries. 
 
 EligibLlit3' to membership includes two qualifications: 
 either the candidate must be a commissioned officer in 
 the army, navy, or marine corps of the United States, 
 having at least served as a commissioned officer in the 
 service, and having at no time borne arms against the 
 United States, in which case, as a member, he is eligible 
 to office in the club: or he must be a well-known citizen, 
 whose connection with the armj' or navy renders his so- 
 ciety desirable, in which case admission implies no vote 
 upon any alteration in the constitution, and carries with 
 it no eligibility to office or other honorary position. The 
 number of members of the latter class is limited to one- 
 third of the whole, they being admitted under an amend- 
 atory clause of the constitution adopted in February, 
 1872. Candidates must be proposed by two members, 
 not of the Committee of Managers; bulletined the usual 
 two weeks in a conspicuous place on the bulletin board; 
 then balloted for in secret session of the committee, two 
 black-balls excluding. Ballot for members can only take 
 place at the regular monthly meetings of the board; and 
 persons th'is elected must, within thirty days after notifi- 
 cation by the secretary, pay the admission of fifty dol- 
 lars, and the annual due of the same amount, which is 
 thereafter statedly payable on the first day of May — 
 with this exception, however, that if the date of any per- 
 son's election is later than the first of November, he is 
 required to pay only twenty -five dollars for the year cur- 
 rent, but, by act of January 9, 1872, is not entitled to 
 
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346 CLUBS OF NEW YOBK 
 
 vote until after the full year shall have begun. By regu- 
 lation passed February 20, 1872, officers of the army and 
 navy stationed without the limits of the city of New York 
 or Brooliljrn, are excused from yearly dues, though re- 
 taining all the privileges of members. By rule of April 
 14, 1871, and original provision of the constitution, any 
 member who shall neglect his dues for a period exceed- 
 ing three months, or shall fiiil to paj' any current in- 
 debtedness on demand, ceases to be a member, and can. 
 only be reinstated by vote of the board and liquidation 
 of all arrears. 
 
 The oi'ganization is governed by a committee of man- 
 agers, consisting of fifteen resident members, holding 
 office for three years, but so distributed that five man- 
 agers ai'e elected yearly. Eight of them constitute a quo- 
 rum. This committee elects (and may at any stated 
 ir.eeting remove or replace) from its own body a presi- 
 dent, vice-president, secretary, and treasurer, who, with 
 three other members of the committee, in like manner 
 elected and removable, constitute the house committee. 
 At the first regular meeting, April, 1871, were elected 
 fifteen managers, who were then separated by lot into 
 three classes of five members each. The first class was 
 deemed to have been elected, and to hold office until the 
 second Tuesday of January, 1874; the second class to 
 have been elected, and hold office until the second 
 Tuesday of January, 1873; and the third class to have 
 been elected, to hold office until the second Tuesday 
 of January, 1872 : so that thereafter, and at each annual 
 election, to be held on the second Tuesday of January in 
 each year, five members of the committee of managers 
 to hold office three years were to be voted for, to supply 
 the place of the class retiring each year, with such addi- 
 tional number as might be necessarj' to fill vacancies, to 
 
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A EM r AND NAVr CL UB. IM 
 
 hold office during the remainder of the terms of the 
 members whose places they were elected to fill. At this 
 annual meeting of the club thirty members constitute a 
 quorum, civilians being entitled to vote, except upon 
 questions affecting the constitution, though not eligible 
 to official position. 
 
 As to the duties of members (limited in number to one 
 thousand, after the pattern of the Union Club), all cur- 
 rent indebtedness in the refectory or at the bar must be 
 paid before leaving the club-house, or on demand, under 
 penalty of being posted on Monday morning, and after- 
 wards, liquidation being delayed one week, reported to the 
 committee. The wine-room and billiard-room are closed 
 at midnight; no card-playing or billiard-playing is per- 
 mitted on Sunday; no betting on games, to an extent 
 exceeding fiive dollars; no games of hazard are allowed; 
 no gratuities can be given to servants ; and all members 
 are entitled to equal rights in the club-house. 
 
 Members may introduce persons not members of the 
 club, in accordance with such regulations as may be pre- 
 scribed by the committee. The President of the United 
 States, members of his cabinet, Governors of States or 
 Territories, officers of the armies or navies of foreign 
 countries may be admitted to the club-house on request- 
 of any member, for a period of not more than three 
 months, by a vote of the committee of managers. Diplo- 
 matic agents of foreign countries, accredited to the Gov- 
 ernment of the United States, may enjoy the privileges 
 of the club during the period of their official residence 
 in the United States; and it is the duty of the secretary 
 to notify them upon their arrival of this provision of the 
 constitution. 
 
 The validity of the constitution is hedged about with 
 many a careful provision. In the first place, the pro- 
 
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348 CLUBS OF NEW YORK. 
 
 posed article must be subscribed by at least ten members, 
 and by them presented to the president,who causes the pro- 
 posed amendment, with the signatures thei-eto, to be posted 
 for thirty days on two conspicuous bulletin boards in the 
 club-house, and brings it before the committee of man- 
 agers at the next meeting thereafter. In case the com- 
 mittee of managers, by a two-thirds vote, recommend its 
 passage, the secretary must issue notices, enclosing a 
 copy to all the resident memlers of the club, and a vote 
 of two-thirds of all the resident members present at the 
 nest annual meeting on the second Tuesday of January 
 thereafter, or at a special meeting to be called for the 
 2:urpose, in favor of the proposed article, is requisite for 
 its passage. 
 
 General H. G. Wright is president of the organization; 
 Commodore AVilliam E. Le Roy is vice-president; Gen- 
 eral Lloyd Aspinwall is secretary; Commodore Garret 
 E. Barry, treasurer. House Committee — General H. G. 
 Wright, Commodore William E. Le Roy, Commodore 
 Garret R. Barry, and General Lloyd Aspinwall, ex officio; 
 General W. W. Burns, General H. E. Davies, Jr., and 
 General William E. Smith, by election. AU these are 
 removable at the will of the committee of managers, the 
 divisions of which are as follows : 
 
 Commodore Garret R. Barry, General H. E. Davies, 
 Jr., General Jeiferson C. Davis, General George W. 
 CuUum, Captain John H. Coster, terms expiring in 1873; 
 Commodore William E. Le Roy, General WilUam E. 
 Smith, Commodore James H. Strong, General Ambrose 
 E. Bumside, and (Colonel B. T. Morgan, terms expiring 
 in 1874; General H. G. Wright, General Lloyd Aspin- 
 wall, General Van Allen, {vice Rear- Admiral Godon), 
 General W. W. Burns, and General A. Shaler, terms ex- 
 piring in 1875. 
 
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ABUr AJS'D NA VT CLVB. 349 
 
 The member-roll includes about two hundred names. 
 The club-house is one of those fine modern structures 
 with which up-town abounds. Servants are subject to 
 uniform. 
 
 Not a large club as yet, not wealthy, lite the Union, 
 Union League, or Manhattan — the Army and Navy maybe 
 regarded as firmly established, and as likely, within the 
 coming ten years, to take rank as one of the foremost 
 organizations in the city. 
 
 Patient reader, the four-faced clock in the belfry at 
 St. George's says, One — says. Two — says. Three — says, 
 Four, as distinctly as any voice could say it, even unto the 
 eleven. I have turned and turned the kaleidoscope till 
 it turns up nothing new: and, as the graves in the grave- 
 yard hard by kept calling to poor Pansie Dolliver, it is 
 bed-time. 
 
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R 
 
 HENRY L. HINTOlSr, 
 74=4 BROAD^vVAY, NE^^^ YORK. 
 
 IP VAN WINKLE, JEFFERSON EDITION. IRVING'S 
 
 Legend Illustrated with original designs by Darley, 
 Hoppin and other eminent artists, and photographs in 
 photo-reUef printing of Jefferson as " Eip Van Winkle, " 
 by Sarony. Folio, cloth extra, black and gold, $2.50. 
 
 WINTER'S TALE. SHAKSPEARE'S PLAY. EDITED BY 
 HoWAKD Sta-TJnton, Containing twenty-seven illustra- 
 tions by John Gilbert. Bound in white morocco paper, 
 with an illustration by Henry Van der Weyde. Square 
 folio, gilt, $1.25. 
 Two very beautiful little volumes are Shakspeare's "Winter's 
 Tale" andlrving's "Kip Van Winklp," in the " Jefferson Edition." 
 The former work is illustrated by John Gilbert and Henry Van der 
 'Weyde, and we hardly need say, is an exquisite example of illustra- 
 tive art. The " Kip Vau Winkle " is elegantly printed, and is em- 
 bellished and enriched by four of Sarony's beautiful pictures of 
 Jefferson, of which we have already had occasion to speak in terms 
 of the highest praise. These pictures are what are known as carbon 
 prints, and are fine specimens of the farthest reach of the photo- 
 graphic art. — JV. Y. Evening Post. 
 
 SCHOOL DAYS AT MOUNT PLEASANT. INCLUDING 
 Sketches and Legends of the "Neutral Ground," by 
 EaIiPH Mormy. Illustrated by Forbes, Bonwell and 
 Waude. Tinted paper, 328 pages, 12mo., cloth extra, 
 elaborate, designs in black and gold, $1.50 
 The records of the scholastic novitiate, when pleasantly written, 
 are always entertaining, for they r.call the most delightful period of 
 of every man's existence, when life was but a giddy anticipation of 
 worldly success and coveted fame. Tom Brown's ' ' School Days at 
 Kugby " won the universal heart, chiefly because it described scenes 
 that are common to all academies the world over, and gave expres- 
 sion to feelings that are experienced as keenly by school-boys in New 
 York as by school-boys in Warwickshire. The author of this little 
 volume, which has been beautifully published by Henry L. Hinton, 
 744 Broadway, has narrated under the pseudonym of Kalph Morley. 
 tbe joys and sorrows, the pastimes and emulations of a cadet of the 
 Mount Pleasant Military Academy at Sing Sing. The scenery of the 
 Hudson Highlands, and the traditions and legends of the "Neutral 
 Ground," are skillfully and effectively interwoven with the story, 
 which is destitute of plot, and which seeks only to present the cadet 
 life at Mount Pleasant truthfully and agreeably. There are many 
 fine passages, both of dialogue and description, in the book, which 
 has the obvious and decided merit withal of being a genuine out- 
 growth of the soil, a distinctive production of New York. — New York 
 Evening Post 
 
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THE PUCK NOVELS. UNDER THE ABOVE TITLE WILL 
 
 1 be issued, in rapid succession a series of stories by the 
 most jjopular foreign and American authors. These 
 ftill be stories "witli a single continuous plot, containing 
 the pith of vv'hat, in more pretentious works, is usually 
 extended over a wide field. The series will be hand- 
 somely printed, and tastefully bound in cloth, and pub- 
 lished at 60 cents. 
 I. THE BELLS. A Bomantic Story from the French of MM. 
 Eeckmann-Chateian, authors of the drama of "The Bells," which is 
 founded upon this stoiy. 
 
 n. POWDER AND GOLD. Erom the German of ScmrcziNG. 
 A Story of the Franco-Prussian War. 
 
 in. THE MAIDEN OF TBEPPI. Prom the German of Paul 
 Heyse. a Story of the Appenines. 
 
 IV. HELENE MOISTEN AND LA ABEABIATA. From the 
 German of Paul Huxse. 
 
 SPIRITUALISM ANSWERED BY SCIENCE. CONTAINING 
 Proofs of a Psychic Force, by Edwaud W. Cox, S. L., 
 P. R. G. S. 12mo., flexible cloth, 50o. The Pheno- 
 mena — Is it Delusion or Fraud? Is it Unconscio'is Mus- 
 cular Action? Are the spectators Eiologised? "What 
 is the Psychic Force ? The Theory of Spiritualism. 
 The Scientific Theory of Psychic Force. How to In- 
 Yestigate. 
 The book is written in a calm spirit by one who reports the evi- 
 dence of many experiments, and reasons upon them like a man 
 determined to sift evidence, and believe accordingly. The subject 
 needs further investigation. If there be a force antagonistic to gravi- 
 tation, or exempt from its influence, or at least operating to counteract 
 gravitation on the bodies in which it is ditfused, science should be 
 eager to discovef all that can be knoAvn about it. We recommend 
 Mr. Cox's most interesting book to the inquiring and curious. The 
 psychologist and physiologist should be equally alive to the state- 
 ments it contains. — The Weslminisler Rcmew. 
 
 BOOTH'S ACTING PLAYS. SHAKSPEARE AND OTHER 
 Plays Adapted for representation at Booth's Theatre. 
 Svo., Paper, 30c. 
 I. EICHAKD III. X. RICHELIEU. 
 
 II. MACBETH. XI. MERCHANT OF VENICE, 
 
 in. MERCHANT OF VENICE. [ending with the 4th act 
 
 IV. FOOL'S REVENGE. of Shak:?peare.] 
 
 V. ROMEO AND JULIET. XU. RICHARD III. CoUey Cib- 
 VI. BKUTUS. b:rs's version. 
 
 Vn. LADY OF LYONS. XIII. HAMLET. 
 
 VIII. OTHELLO. XIV. THE IRON CHEST. 
 
 IX. MUCH ADO ABOUT NO- XV. JULIUS CAESAR. 
 
 THING. 
 *^* A.iiy of the above zuorJcs sent pout paid on receipt of ^rice. 
 
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